Wikipedia igwiki https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ihu_mb%E1%BB%A5 MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.4 first-letter Midia Ọpụrụiche Ńkàtá Ojiarụ Ńkàtá ojiarụ Wikipedia Ńkàtá Wikipedia Faịlụ Ńkàtá faịlụ MidiaWiki Ńkàtá MidiaWiki Templeeti Ńkàtá templeeti Enyemaka Ńkàtá enyemaka Otú Ńkàtá otú Édēchághị́ Ńkàtá Édēchághị́ TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk 10 1954 644525 643921 2004-10-13T21:03:49Z Nohat 47240 make link 439787 wikitext text/x-wiki :''Main article: [[{{{1}}}.'' 7y2mgrd1lyn6vkqdcgax7xtpylqbb4c 644526 643922 2004-10-13T21:04:15Z Nohat 47240 remove period 439788 wikitext text/x-wiki :''Main article: [[{{{1}}}'' 2lv36b19woewrb7nhoct2qjaqnxik1m 644527 643923 2005-01-29T21:43:38Z Selket 14655 439790 wikitext text/x-wiki <div class="boilerplate" id="mainarticle"> :''Main article: [[{{{1}}}]]'' <.{1}}}]]'' <.{1}}}]]'' <.{1}}}]]'' <.{1}}}]]'' <.{1}}}]]'' <.{1}}}]]'' <.{1}}}]]'' <.{1}}}]]'' <.{1}}}]]'' <.{1}}}]]'' <.{1}}}]]'' <.{1}}}]]'' <.{1}}}]]'' <.{1}}}]]'' <.{1}}}]]'' <.{1}}}]]'' <.{1}}}]]'' <.{1}}}]]'' <.{1}}}]]'' <.{1}}}]]'' <.{1}}}]]'' <.{1}}}]P t969mrh4ev2or082r2kyxfqw1ln2bx5 644528 643924 2004-10-13T21:22:39Z Nohat 47240 remove indent 439791 wikitext text/x-wiki ''Main article: [[{{{1}}}'' o3do9yek5jrzzzci2fo31zjw3kxm9qt 644529 643925 2005-05-28T04:53:33Z Mateo SA 61626 deleted needless and buggy CSS code 439798 wikitext text/x-wiki <div> ''Main article: ''#[{{{1}}}''''' <///////////////////////////////////////////// gxpjxu0vvnwkdjs8reclsrs2hc3elu9 644530 643926 2005-05-29T01:47:57Z Lommer 61627 put in indent 439799 wikitext text/x-wiki <div> :''Main article: ''#[{{{1}}}''''' <///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// jb2g0h4l24sp3r7yh5a6js19bei9rx0 644531 643927 2005-05-29T02:46:41Z Mirror Vax 38265 don't edit this template, it's used in too many places 439800 wikitext text/x-wiki <div> ''Main article: ''#[{{{1}}}''''' <///////////////////////////////////////////// gxpjxu0vvnwkdjs8reclsrs2hc3elu9 644532 643928 2026-05-31T06:24:08Z King ChristLike 13051 7 revisions imported from [[:en:Template:Main]] 364225 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{#invoke:Labelled list hatnote|labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}}</includeonly><noinclude> {{documentation}} <!-- Categories go on the /doc subpage, and interwikis go on Wikidata. --> </noinclude> hz9saa715ercns6m73a0a1ud2ptzt26 0 2622 644433 141213 2026-05-30T23:54:23Z Iwuala chisom 17246 Fixed reference errors 644433 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} A họpụtara Sullivan Iheanacho Chime // i (amụrụ na 10 Eprel 1959) dịka gọvanọ nke Enugu Steeti na Naịjirịa n'ọnwa Eprel afọ 2007, ọ malitere ọrụ na 29 Mee afọ 2007. Sullivan Iheanacho Chime // __ibo____ibo____ibo__ Ọ bụ ezie na ọ bụ I Enugu Steeti Naịjirịa Ọ bụ onye otu People's Democratic Party (PDP). Òtù ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ndị mmadụ<ref name="self"/> A họpụtara ya ọzọ na 26 Eprel 2011. == Ndị Nne na Nna == H.R.H Igwe Elias Aneke Chime na Theresa Ekepluchi Chime == Nwunye == Ifeyinwa Esther Ochu (nwụrụ n'afọ 1985 - 1994) Clara Chibuzo Igwe (nwụrụ afọ 2008 - 2013) == Ụmụ na ụmụ ụmụ == Sullivan Chime nwere ụmụ ise: Adaora Onyinye (Chime) Chukwu, Nnamdi Elias Chime, Tochukwu Arinze Chime, Ezinne Ekpeluchi (Chime), Nnamani, Ugomsinachi Daniel Chime. O nwekwara ụmụ iri na otu: Kamsi Chukwu, Zoe Chukwu, Ava Chukwu, Otito Chime, Olaedo Chime, Sage Nnamani, Derrick Chime, Sean Chime, Zion Chime, Zain Chime na Liam Nnamani. == Ihe ndị mere n'oge gara aga == A mụrụ Sullivan Iheanacho Chime na 10 Eprel 1959 na Park Lane Hospital, GRA, Enugu, Enugu State. Ọ gara College of Immaculate Conception (CIC) na Enugu maka agụmakwụkwọ sekọndrị ya (1971 - 1976). Enugu Ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ iwu na Mahadum Naijiria, Enugu Campus, gụsịrị akwụkwọ na 1980. Mahadum nke Naijiria Ọ debanyere aha na Nigerian Law School, Lagos ma gụsịrị akwụkwọ na 10 Julaị 1981, mgbe a kpọrọ ya n'ụlọ ikpe. Ụlọ Akwụkwọ Iwu Naijiria Lagos<ref name="self">{{Cite web|url=http://nggovernorsforum.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=40&Itemid=|title=Governor Sullivan Iheanacho Chime of Enugu State|publisher=Nigeria Governors' Forum|accessdate=2010-01-01}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[http://nggovernorsforum.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=40&Itemid= "Governor Sullivan Iheanacho Chime of Enugu State"]. Nigeria Governors' Forum<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2010-01-01</span></span>.</cite></ref> N'ime afọ iri na asaa sochirinụ, ọ na-arụ ọrụ iwu onwe ya na Enugu. Ọ bụ odeakwụkwọ nke Nigeria Bar Association, alaka Enugu (1992 - 1994). Mgbe e mesịrị, a họpụtara ya dị ka onye ndụmọdụ pụrụ iche (Legal Matters) nye Gọvanọ nke Enugu Steeti, Dr. Chimaroke Nnamani. Chimaroke Nnamani N'afọ 2001, a họpụtara ya dị ka Attorney General na Commissioner of Justice nke Enugu State.<ref name="self">{{Cite web|url=http://nggovernorsforum.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=40&Itemid=|title=Governor Sullivan Iheanacho Chime of Enugu State|publisher=Nigeria Governors' Forum|accessdate=2010-01-01}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[http://nggovernorsforum.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=40&Itemid= "Governor Sullivan Iheanacho Chime of Enugu State"]. Nigeria Governors' Forum<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2010-01-01</span></span>.</cite></ref> N'April 2007, Sullivan Chime gara nke ọma ịzọ ọkwa gọvanọ Enugu steeti n'elu ikpo okwu People's Democratic Party (PDP). A ṅụrụ iyi n'ọchịchị na 29 Mee 2007, nọchiri Dr. Chimaroke Nnamani.[1] A họpụtara ya ọzọ na 26 Eprel 2011.[2] Chime kwadoro atụmatụ 4 maka mmepe: akụrụngwa anụ ahụ, Mgbasawanye akụ na ụba na ọrụ, mmepe ime obodo na nnyefe ọrụ. N'agbanyeghị ihe ndị ọ rụpụtara, a maara Chime na-ezere ọrụ ọha, kama na-ahọrọ iziga ndị nnọchiteanya karịa ka ọ pụta ìhè n'onwe ya, ọbụna karị, ọ na-ezere nnọkọ ọha na eze nwere mmasị ime ememe ọ rụpụtara. Nkwụghachi azụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ya mere ka ọ bụrụ aha 'Silent Achiever'<nowiki>{{[3]|ụbọchị = Mee 2020}}</nowiki>'<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://thenationonlineng.net/the-coal-city-achiever/|title=The Coal City achiever|date=31 January 2016}}</ref> == Hụkwa zie == * Ndepụta nke ndị gọvanọ nke Enugu Steeti == Edensibia == {{Reflist|refs=<ref name=Tribune20110428>{{cite web |url = http://tribune.com.ng/index.php/front-page-news/21115-gov-election-the-winners-are-ajimobi-fashola-amaechi-amosun-abdulfatah-akpabio-aliyu-dakingari-orji-chime-kwankwaso |work = Nigerian Tribune |title = GOV ELECTION: The winners are Ajimobi, Fashola, Amaechi, Amosun, Abdulfatah, Akpabio, Aliyu, Dakingari, Orji, Chime, Kwankwaso... |author = Sulaimon Olanrewaju and Olayinka Olukoya |date = 28 April 2011 |accessdate = 2011-04-28 |url-status = dead |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20110430140645/http://tribune.com.ng/index.php/front-page-news/21115-gov-election-the-winners-are-ajimobi-fashola-amaechi-amosun-abdulfatah-akpabio-aliyu-dakingari-orji-chime-kwankwaso |archivedate = 30 April 2011 }}</ref>}} [[Òtù:Ndị Igbo]] [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] s7i61pxbkqtxhejpqkawr5db56jiv3g 0 5537 644277 95688 2026-05-30T20:17:21Z Wikipedian12512(alt) 61413 ce 644277 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''9 Febrụwarị''' bu ubochi nke 9th (''nke itenanị'') na onwa ana kpo [[Febrụwarị]]. Na ''Gregorian'' calender, 9 Febrụwarị bu ubochi nke 40th na afo. Anyi nwere agugu ubochi 325 (326 na afo nke ana-kpo leap-year) du mgbe afo na agwu. {{ÉdéNtạ}} [[Òtù:Febrụwarị]] gztkzvn9am0vtkyoz5z0pawnmds82gb 0 7507 644236 125258 2026-05-30T19:43:51Z Wikipedian12512(alt) 61413 ce 644236 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Usòrò:Patience Jonathan.jpg|thumb|Patience Jonathan]] Dame '''Patience Faka Jonathan''' ( ''née'' '''Oba''' ) <ref name="buzznigeria.com">{{Cite news|url=https://buzznigeria.com/funniest-quotes-patience-jonathan/|title=Patience Jonathan Biography, Children, Funniest Quotes You’ve Never Heard|date=2014-08-20|work=BuzzNigeria|accessdate=2018-05-24|language=en-US}}</ref> onye a mụrụ na 25 October 1957. Ọ bụ nwanyi mbụ gara aga nke Naijiria na nwunye onye bụ Gọvanọ Bayelsa steeti ma bụrụkwa [[Ishi ochíchì Naigeria|onyeisiala Naịjirịa]] bụ [[Goodluck Jonathan|Goodluck Ebele Jonathan]] . Ọ jere ozi dịka odeakwụkwọ na-adịgide adịgide na [[Ȯra Bayelsa|steeti Bayelsa]] mụrụ ya. <ref>"Lady of a Nation", ''Nigeria Stepping Ahead'', Toronto, June 2010.</ref> == Agụmakwụkwọ == Patience Jonathan onye a mụrụ na [[Ugwu Ọcha|Port Harcourt]], ebe ọ nwetara asambodo ụlọ akwụkwọ ya na 1976, wee gafee ule asambodo ụlọ akwụkwọ West African (WASCE) na 1980. N'afọ 1989, o nwetara Asambodo Nkụzi nke Mba (NCE) na mgbakọ na mwepụ na ihe ọmụmụ ihe si na Rivers State College of Arts and Science, Port Harcourt. Ọ gakwara na mahadum Port Harcourt wee mụọ maka BEed in Biology and Psychology. Enyere ya nzere doctorate site na mahadum Port Harcourt. <ref name="Who's Who">{{Cite web|url=http://www.africa-confidential.com/whos-who-profile/id/3317|title=Profile: Patience Jonathan|publisher=Africa Confidential|year=2011|accessdate=2012-01-28}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.vanguardngr.com/2012/07/dame-patience-jonathan-the-perm-sec/|title=Dame Patience Jonathan, the Perm. Sec - Vanguard News|publisher=Vanguardngr.com|date=2012-07-27|accessdate=2014-06-20}}</ref> == Ọrụ == Dame Patience Jonathan malitere ọrụ ya dị ka onye nkuzi na ụlọ akwụkwọ Stella Maris College, Port Harcourt na Sports Institute, Isaka. Ọ kwagara na ngalaba ụlọ akụ na 1997 ebe ọ jere ozi dịka onye njikwa ahịa nke Imiete Community Bank. Mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, ọ malitere ụlọ akụ obodo mbụ na Port Harcourt nke a na-akpọ Akpo Community Bank. Ọ laghachiri na klaasị nwa oge ọzọ dị ka onye nkuzi. N'ikpeazụ, e zigara ya na [[Ȯra Bayelsa|Bayelsa State]] Ministry of Education, ebe ọ jere ozi ruo ụbọchị 29 May 1999, mgbe di ya ghọrọ osote gọvanọ steeti ahụ. Na 12 Julaị 2012, Henry Seriake Dickson họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ odeakwụkwọ na-adịgide adịgide na Bayelsa steeti. Nhọpụta ahụ pụrụ iche n'ihi na ọ nọla ezumike n'ọrụ obodo kemgbe ihe karịrị afọ 13, ebe di ya ghọrọ osote gọvanọ na 1999, <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.punchng.com/news/bayelsa-outrage-over-patience-jonathans-appointment-as-permanent-secretary/|title=Bayelsa: Outrage over Patience Jonathan’s appointment as Permanent Secretary|publisher=Punchng.com|date=2012-07-12|accessdate=2014-06-20|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131215175114/http://www.punchng.com/news/bayelsa-outrage-over-patience-jonathans-appointment-as-permanent-secretary/|archivedate=15 December 2013}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://dailyindependentnig.com/2012/07/knocks-trail-patience-jonathans-appointment-as-perm-sec/|title=Knocks trail Patience Jonathan’s appointment as Perm Sec - News|publisher=Dailyindependentnig.com|accessdate=2014-06-20|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131215165740/http://dailyindependentnig.com/2012/07/knocks-trail-patience-jonathans-appointment-as-perm-sec/|archivedate=15 December 2013}}</ref> na ụfọdụ ndị nkatọ rụrụ ụka na ọ bụ ihe ihere mba na-eme ka ọ pụta ìhè na ọ dịghị uru ma ọ bụ ihe akaebe nke arụmọrụ ọ bụla n'oge na-adịbeghị anya iji kwado nkwalite na ọnụ ọgụgụ kasị elu nke ọrụ obodo. A na-ebo ebubo na Henry Seriake Dickson dị ya kwadoro ọkwa gọvanọ ya. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://saharareporters.com/news-page/jonathans-handpicked-candidate-seriake-dickson-declared-winner-bayelsa-gubernatorial-poll|title=Jonathan's Handpicked Candidate Seriake Dickson Declared Winner of Bayelsa Gubernatorial Poll|publisher=Sahara Reporters|accessdate=2014-06-20|archivedate=2013-12-15|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131215173021/http://saharareporters.com/news-page/jonathans-handpicked-candidate-seriake-dickson-declared-winner-bayelsa-gubernatorial-poll}}</ref> First Lady of Nigeria (2010 - 2015). Ya na di ya nwere ụmụ abụọ - Arewera Adolphus Jonathan (nwa nwoke) na Aruabi Jonathan (nwa agbọghọ). <ref name="buzznigeria.com"/> == Ọrụ ebere == Dame Patience Faka Jonathan amatala na mpaghara, mba na mba ụwa maka ọrụ enyemaka ya na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị. Ọ natara ihe nrite “Beyond The Tears” International Humanitarian Award New York, USA, na 2008, <ref name="Who's Who"/> maka ọrụ ya na ọgụ zuru ụwa ọnụ megide HIV/AIDS; Award African Goodwill Ambassador Award (Los Angeles, USA, 2008) ma bụrụkwa onye natara ihe nrite "Wind of Change" site na South/South Women's Organisation. Mgbe Goodluck Jonathan jere ozi dị ka gọvanọ n'etiti afọ 2005 na 2007, Patience Jonathan jere ozi na steeti ahụ n'ọkwa nke First Lady nke [[Ȯra Bayelsa|Bayelsa State]] . N'ime oge a, ọ tọrọ ntọala ọtụtụ mmemme enyemaka na inye ụmụ nwanyị ike, n'ime ha bụ A-Aruere Reachout Foundation (AARF), <ref name="Reachout">{{Cite web|url=http://aaruerareachoutfoundation.org/|title=A.Aaruera Reachout Foundation|publisher=A.Aaruera Reachout Foundation|accessdate=2012-01-28|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120114030339/http://aaruerareachoutfoundation.org/|archivedate=14 January 2012}}</ref> nke o guzobere iji kwalite ọkwa na inweta ikike nke ụmụ nwanyị na ndị ntorobịa Naijiria. Ntọala etinyelarị ya n'ịkwado na inyere ụmụaka nwere nsogbu metụtara nsogbu oria obi. == Ndị ọzọ == [[Usòrò:Patience_Jonathan.jpg|thumb| Jonathan na 2012.]] A mara ọkwa na 4 Septemba 2012 na ọ nọ n'ụlọ ọgwụ na [[Jémanị|Germany]] na-esote oke nsi nri nke were ọtụtụ ụbọchị.Patience dara ọrịa ihe dị ka ụbọchị iri tupu mgbe ahụ, ka ọ nwesịrị nzukọ ndị inyom mbụ si n'ofe [[Eluàlà|Africa]] . Ewepụrụ Patience n na Horst Schmidt Klinik na Wiesbaden na 2 October 2012. <ref>{{Cite news|author=ADIGUN and GAMBRELL|first=BASHIR and JON|title=OFFICIAL: NIGERIA FIRST LADY HOSPITALIZED ABROAD|url=http://bigstory.ap.org/article/official-nigeria-first-lady-hospitalized-abroad#overlay-context=article/un-says-100000-refugees-fled-syria-august|accessdate=4 September 2012}}</ref> Mgbe ndị mgbasa ozi obodo hụrụ na ọ na-apụ n'anya na-adịghị ahụkebe n'ihu ọha, ọbịbịa nke ọfịs ya bụ ịdọpụ uche na mbụ site na ịgọnarị na ọ nọ na Germany iji nweta nlekọta ahụike dị elu nke obodo ahụ. Ọnụ na-ekwuchitere ya bụ Ayo Osinlu, wepụtara nkwupụta na-ekwu na ọ bụ naanị na ọ gara JGermany“wepụta oge ezumike” na ọ bụghị maka ahụike. Nke a bụ iji zere ime ka ezinụlọ onye isi ala pụta ìhè na-ezere iji usoro nlekọta ahụike dị ala enyere ụmụ amaala Nigeria ma na-ahọrọ ihe ndị dị elu nke mba ọzọ maka onwe ha na ndị na-akwụ ụtụ isi mgbe ọ dị mkpa.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Admin|first=Web|url=http://www.africanspotlight.com/2012/09/03/patience-jonathan-is-not-hospitalized-shes-just-resting-abroad-spokesman/|title=Patience Jonathan Is Not Hospitalized, She's Just Resting Abroad – Spokesman|publisher=African Spotlight|accessdate=2014-06-20|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131215170110/http://www.africanspotlight.com/2012/09/03/patience-jonathan-is-not-hospitalized-shes-just-resting-abroad-spokesman/|archivedate=15 December 2013}}</ref> Nwunye onye isi ala Naijiria nke nwere mmetụta uche, Patience Jonathan gbawara anya mmiri mgbe ọ nụrụ akụkọ kacha ọhụrụ maka ịtọrọ ụmụ agbọghọ nke ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị gọọmentị ụmụ nwanyị na Chibok. Patience Jonathan tinyere aka na esemokwu n'oge nsogbu gbasara ụmụ agbọghọ Chibok 230 ndị Boko Haram tọọrọ na ugwu-ọwụwa anyanwụ Nigeria. Ka nzukọ ọ kpọkọtara na May 2014 ya na ndị nnọchi anya obodo Chibok, ndị a tọọrọ ụmụ ha, e nwere akụkọ na otu onye n'ime ndị isi - Naomi Mutah - bụ onye uwe ojii nwụchiri. E boro ebubo na Mrs. A kọrọ na obi adịghị Jonathan mma na ndị nne ụmụ agbọghọ a tọọrọ ezigara Ms. Mutah n'ọgbakọ. Ozugbo nzukọ ahụ gasịrị, a kpọgara Ms. Mutah n'ọdụ ndị uwe ojii ma jide ya. Pogo Bitrus, onye isi obodo Chibok, kọwara njide a dị ka 'ihe adịghị mma' na 'enweghị mgbagha', ma kwuo na ya nwere olile anya Oriaku Jonathan n'oge na-adịghị anya, ga-amata ndudue ya'. Oriakụ Jonathan enweghị ikike inye iwu ka nwụchie ya. Akụkọ BBC kọrọ na onye isi obodo ọzọ bụ Saratu Angus Ndirpaya kwuru na Oriakụ. Jonathan boro ndị na-eme ihe ike ebubo na ha kpara nkata tọọrọ iji nye gọọmentị aha ọjọọ. O kwuru na ọ sịkwara na nwunye onyeisiala boro ha ebubo na ha na-akwado Boko Haram. <ref name="BBCNews">{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-27283278|title=BBCNews reports Nigeria schoolgirl abductions, protest leader detained|publisher=BBCNews|accessdate=2014-05-05}}</ref> Ugbu a ọ dị ka ndị mmadụ na-akwado echiche ya n'okwu a ka ọnọdụ ọhụrụ na-etinye ọnọdụ a dị ka esemokwu <ref name="Punch Newspaper NG">{{Cite web|url=http://punchng.com/chibok-girls-saga-scam-christian-women|title=PunchNg report Chibok girls saga is a scam – Christian Women|publisher=Punch Newspaper Nigeria|accessdate=2016-09-10}}</ref> } == Hụkwa == * Ndepụta ndị mmadụ si Port Harcourt == Ebenside == {{Reflist}}{{S-start}} {{s-hon}} {{Succession box|title=[[First Lady of Nigeria]]|before=[[Turai Yar'Adua]]|after=[[Aisha Buhari]]}} {{S-end}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Category:Ndi ndoro ndoro si na Rivers Steeti]] [[Òtù:Category:Umu nwanyi obodo Nijiria no na ndoro ndoro ochichi.]] [[Òtù:Category:Omumu 1957]] 673ca5uplq9qqvtakxda3egy6j0lr88 0 7512 644441 210347 2026-05-31T00:52:24Z Wikipedian12512(alt) 61413 Reverting vandalism 644441 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Mkpúrù èdè íke'''[[Usòrò:President Donald Trump National Security Council.jpg|thumb|right|180px|Donald Trump (2017)]] '''Donald John Trump''' (onye a mụrụ na Juun 14, 1946) bụ onye isi ala nke iri anọ na anọ nke [[Njikọ̀taọ̀hà|United States]], site na Jenụwarị 20, 2017 ruo Jenụwarị 20, 2021. Tupu ya abanye na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, ọ bụ onye ọchụnta ego na onye telivishọn. A mụrụ Trump na obodo [[Nú Yọk]] na mpaghara Queens. Ọ gara Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania ebe ọ gụrụ Economics. Onye ahia nke ọgbọ atọ, Trump sooro nzọụkwụ nke nne nne ya bụ Elizabet na nna ya Fred na-elekọta azụmahịa ezinụlọ ha. Ọ mere nke ahụ site n'afọ 1971 wee ruo mgbe ọ ghọrọ onyeisi oche na Jenụwarị 2017, mgbe o tinyere ụlọ ọrụ ahụ n'aka ụmụ ya ndi nwoke bụ Donald Jr ya na Eric. Ọrụ azụmahịa Trump bụ ihe gbasara i rụ ma ọ bụ I rụghari ụlọ ọrụ ọfịs, ụlọ nkwari akụ, ụlọ ịgba chaa chaa, na golf. Ọ jiri aha ya wee bido ihe ndi uzo di iche iche. Trump edeela ọtụtụ akwụkwọ, gụnyere ''Art of Deal'', ma na-emepụta na kwado ihe ngosi telivishọn bụ ''The Apprentice'' nke nọgoro afọ iri na abụọ. Trump bụ nwoke 544 kasị baa ọgaranya n'ụwa ka ọ na - erule afọ 2017, nke nwere atụmatụ akụnụba nke ijeri $ 3.5. Ọ meriri [[Hillary Clinton]] na nhoputa ndi presidenti nke afo 2016. ==Lee nke ozo== * [[Njikota Obodo Amerika]] {{DEFAULTSORT:Trump, Donald}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù: Amerika]] {{ÉdéNtạ}} 3jebz7ce5918zdt3a19tyag3cmj9b20 1 8880 644450 639147 2026-05-31T02:10:55Z Wikipedian12512 61424 /* New featured article */ Zaghachi 644450 wikitext text/x-wiki '''This is a place for discussing the main page.''' For general discussions go to [[Wikipedia:Nzọr ogbako]]. == Main page change == Hi, The main page here is quite broken. It is full of red links. It is even more broken on mobile phones, and shows almost nothing. The current code of the main page is too complicated and too hard to edit. I recommend starting from scratch: Deleting everything and putting something very simple instead. Later it can be made more complex and designed, but in the beginning it should at least be usable. Here's a very simple suggestion for a first version to begin from: [[Ọbanife:Amire80/mp]]. If no-one objects, I'll replace the current page with this next week. If anyone has better proposals, I'll be happy to hear them. Tagging active users: [[Ọbanife:Abuchi Chinedu Ojiaku]], [[Ọbanife:Blossom Ozurumba]], [[Ọbanife:Tochiprecious]], [[Ọbanife:Uzoma Ozurumba]], [[Ọbanife:Oby Ezeilo]], [[Ọbanife:Ngozianaza]], [[Ọbanife:Ukabia]]. Thanks! --[[Ọbanife:Amire80|Amir E. Aharoni]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Amire80|talk]]) 07:03, 7 Ọnwaàsatọ 2019 (UTC) :Hello [[Ọbanife:Amire80|Amir E. Aharoni]], :The proposed simple fix is okay. :I removed some of the diacritics as they are not used for those particular words in Igbo language. :Thank you for this proposal. :Regards, :[[Ọbanife:Uzoma Ozurumba]] :([[Okwu ọbanife:Uzoma Ozurumba|talk]]) ::Thank you so much! --[[Ọbanife:Amire80|Amir E. Aharoni]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Amire80|talk]]) 09:06, 7 Ọnwaàsatọ 2019 (UTC) :Hi [[Ọbanife:Amire80|Amir E. Aharoni]], :The proposed simple fix is okay. :Thank you for this :Regards, :[[Ọbanife:Tochiprecious]] :([[Okwu ọbanife:Tochiprecious|talk]]) I'm English please == Wikipedia or Wikipidia == Hi, What is the right name for Wikipedia in Igbo? The logo at the top says "Wikipedia", but the main page says "Wikipidia", and there is also the article [[Wikipidia]]. So what is correct? It should be consistent everywhere. Thanks! --[[Ọbanife:Amire80|Amir E. Aharoni]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Amire80|talk]]) 07:50, 7 Ọnwaàsatọ 2019 (UTC) :Hello [[Ọbanife:Amire80|Amir E. Aharoni]], :The correct one is ”Wikipidia". :Regards, ::Hello[[Ọbanife:Amire80|Amir E. Aharoni]], ::Its Wikipidia. ::Thanks ::Hello[[Ọbanife:Amire80|Amir E. Aharoni]], ::The correct should be Wikipidia ::Daalụ(Thanks) :[[Ọbanife:Oby Ezeilo]] == Hip hop song == Juice bae decide to release his new song "title" dream juice prove that yesterday in his Twitter account juice while a lot of people eager to listen it. [[Ọbanife:Ramadan bin|Ramadan bin]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Ramadan bin|kwuo]]) 13:13, 23 Ọnwa iri 2021 (UTC) == Ihu mbụ == Asụpetaghị okwu a bụ ihu m bụ. O tosịr.i ịbụ Ihu mbụ. [[Ọbanife:Oby Ezeilo|Oby Ezeilo]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Oby Ezeilo|kwuo]]) 11:40, 11 Ọnwa asaa 2022 (UTC) [[Ọbanife:Oby Ezeilo|Oby Ezeilo]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Oby Ezeilo|kwuo]]Nke a bụ eziokwu. [[Ọbanife:Tochiprecious|Tochiprecious]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Tochiprecious|kwuo]]) 11:18, 31 Ọnwa asaa 2022 (UTC) == NCPUG TheWikiVibrance International Youth Day 2022 (Audio and Photography) == We are delighted to inform you the Nigerian Commons Photographers User Group NCPUG will be participating in the programs of [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Grants:Programs/Wikimedia_Community_Fund/Rapid_Fund/NCPUG_WikiBrance_International_Youth_Day_2022_(ID:_21913535)%7CWikiVibrance International Youth Day 2022], to bring you and the youth to the International Youth Day Campaign. Which is to be lunch at Wikimania August 2022 and other events afterwards, if intrested leave me message or a comment.[[User:Anass-koko|<span style="white-space:nowrap;text-shadow:#009200 0.3em 0.4em 1.0em,#009200 -0.2em -0.2em 1.0em;color:#009200"><b>Anass-koko</b></span>]]^{[[User talk:Anasskoko|<span style="color:#ff0000"><b>Talk</b></span>]]} 00:44, 12 Ọnwa asatọ 2022 (UTC) [[Òtù:Ihu mbụ]] [[Òtù:Édémédé egosipụtara]] == New featured article == Hello. I am currently working on translating an article (https://en.wikiipedia.org/wiki/Alhambra) into Igbo. It is a relatively large and well sourced article, and when it is done, it might be good enough to go into the featured article area (assuming that it is checked over enough to make sure it's fine). I've translated some already, (see [[Alhambra]]), but my grammar might not be perfect so I'd appreciate another person to check that (I'm a native English speaker). I would look forward to feedback. Best regards, [[Ojiarụ:Wikipedian12512(alt)|Wikipedian12512(alt)]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:Wikipedian12512(alt)|ṅkátá]]) 00:35, 26 Mee 2026 (UTC) :(Because the recent changes are so few, I'll ping someone: :@[[Ojiarụ:Anasskoko|Anasskoko]]) [[Ojiarụ:Wikipedian12512(alt)|Wikipedian12512(alt)]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:Wikipedian12512(alt)|ṅkátá]]) 00:37, 26 Mee 2026 (UTC) ::@[[Ojiarụ:Tochiprecious|Tochiprecious]], @[[Ojiarụ:Ramadan bin|Ramadan bin]] [[Ojiarụ:Wikipedian12512(alt)|Wikipedian12512(alt)]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:Wikipedian12512(alt)|ṅkátá]]) 13:29, 27 Mee 2026 (UTC) :I would expect to get (enough) done in about a month, maybe more, maybe less. In a bit after a month, I won't be using this account for a while, in which case it'll need to wait for September. [[Ojiarụ:Wikipedian12512(alt)|Wikipedian12512(alt)]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:Wikipedian12512(alt)|ṅkátá]]) 00:40, 26 Mee 2026 (UTC) ::Hi @Wikipedian12512(alt), thank you for your support; I'm happy to go through the grammar and make corrections where necessary. [[Ojiarụ:Tochiprecious|Tochiprecious]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:Tochiprecious|ṅkátá]]) 17:31, 27 Mee 2026 (UTC) :::Thanks! I think I've gotten into the flow of translating, and I think I'll probably finish sooner. [[Ojiarụ:Wikipedian12512(alt)|Wikipedian12512(alt)]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:Wikipedian12512(alt)|ṅkátá]]) 18:09, 27 Mee 2026 (UTC) ::::And I'm sure I made enough mistakes to make you shudder, so thanks. [[Ojiarụ:Wikipedian12512(alt)|Wikipedian12512(alt)]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:Wikipedian12512(alt)|ṅkátá]]) 18:10, 27 Mee 2026 (UTC) :@[[Ojiarụ:Tochiprecious|Tochiprecious]], @[[Ojiarụ:Iwuala Lucy|Iwuala Lucy]]: :Maybe a DYK on [[Oyiyi nke Zeus na Olympia]]? I don’t trust myself with a main page translation, so here’s the English version of a possible DYK: :…That all we know about the details of the [[Oyiyi nke Zeus na Olympia]] come from Greek coins? [[Ojiarụ:Wikipedian12512|Wikipedian12512]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:Wikipedian12512|ṅkátá]]) 02:10, 31 Mee 2026 (UTC) 1syy0pgo5arj83po3n0t2yfki2vozic 644453 644450 2026-05-31T02:12:50Z Wikipedian12512 61424 /* New featured article */ Zaghachi 644453 wikitext text/x-wiki '''This is a place for discussing the main page.''' For general discussions go to [[Wikipedia:Nzọr ogbako]]. == Main page change == Hi, The main page here is quite broken. It is full of red links. It is even more broken on mobile phones, and shows almost nothing. The current code of the main page is too complicated and too hard to edit. I recommend starting from scratch: Deleting everything and putting something very simple instead. Later it can be made more complex and designed, but in the beginning it should at least be usable. Here's a very simple suggestion for a first version to begin from: [[Ọbanife:Amire80/mp]]. If no-one objects, I'll replace the current page with this next week. If anyone has better proposals, I'll be happy to hear them. Tagging active users: [[Ọbanife:Abuchi Chinedu Ojiaku]], [[Ọbanife:Blossom Ozurumba]], [[Ọbanife:Tochiprecious]], [[Ọbanife:Uzoma Ozurumba]], [[Ọbanife:Oby Ezeilo]], [[Ọbanife:Ngozianaza]], [[Ọbanife:Ukabia]]. Thanks! --[[Ọbanife:Amire80|Amir E. Aharoni]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Amire80|talk]]) 07:03, 7 Ọnwaàsatọ 2019 (UTC) :Hello [[Ọbanife:Amire80|Amir E. Aharoni]], :The proposed simple fix is okay. :I removed some of the diacritics as they are not used for those particular words in Igbo language. :Thank you for this proposal. :Regards, :[[Ọbanife:Uzoma Ozurumba]] :([[Okwu ọbanife:Uzoma Ozurumba|talk]]) ::Thank you so much! --[[Ọbanife:Amire80|Amir E. Aharoni]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Amire80|talk]]) 09:06, 7 Ọnwaàsatọ 2019 (UTC) :Hi [[Ọbanife:Amire80|Amir E. Aharoni]], :The proposed simple fix is okay. :Thank you for this :Regards, :[[Ọbanife:Tochiprecious]] :([[Okwu ọbanife:Tochiprecious|talk]]) I'm English please == Wikipedia or Wikipidia == Hi, What is the right name for Wikipedia in Igbo? The logo at the top says "Wikipedia", but the main page says "Wikipidia", and there is also the article [[Wikipidia]]. So what is correct? It should be consistent everywhere. Thanks! --[[Ọbanife:Amire80|Amir E. Aharoni]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Amire80|talk]]) 07:50, 7 Ọnwaàsatọ 2019 (UTC) :Hello [[Ọbanife:Amire80|Amir E. Aharoni]], :The correct one is ”Wikipidia". :Regards, ::Hello[[Ọbanife:Amire80|Amir E. Aharoni]], ::Its Wikipidia. ::Thanks ::Hello[[Ọbanife:Amire80|Amir E. Aharoni]], ::The correct should be Wikipidia ::Daalụ(Thanks) :[[Ọbanife:Oby Ezeilo]] == Hip hop song == Juice bae decide to release his new song "title" dream juice prove that yesterday in his Twitter account juice while a lot of people eager to listen it. [[Ọbanife:Ramadan bin|Ramadan bin]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Ramadan bin|kwuo]]) 13:13, 23 Ọnwa iri 2021 (UTC) == Ihu mbụ == Asụpetaghị okwu a bụ ihu m bụ. O tosịr.i ịbụ Ihu mbụ. [[Ọbanife:Oby Ezeilo|Oby Ezeilo]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Oby Ezeilo|kwuo]]) 11:40, 11 Ọnwa asaa 2022 (UTC) [[Ọbanife:Oby Ezeilo|Oby Ezeilo]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Oby Ezeilo|kwuo]]Nke a bụ eziokwu. [[Ọbanife:Tochiprecious|Tochiprecious]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Tochiprecious|kwuo]]) 11:18, 31 Ọnwa asaa 2022 (UTC) == NCPUG TheWikiVibrance International Youth Day 2022 (Audio and Photography) == We are delighted to inform you the Nigerian Commons Photographers User Group NCPUG will be participating in the programs of [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Grants:Programs/Wikimedia_Community_Fund/Rapid_Fund/NCPUG_WikiBrance_International_Youth_Day_2022_(ID:_21913535)%7CWikiVibrance International Youth Day 2022], to bring you and the youth to the International Youth Day Campaign. Which is to be lunch at Wikimania August 2022 and other events afterwards, if intrested leave me message or a comment.[[User:Anass-koko|<span style="white-space:nowrap;text-shadow:#009200 0.3em 0.4em 1.0em,#009200 -0.2em -0.2em 1.0em;color:#009200"><b>Anass-koko</b></span>]]^{[[User talk:Anasskoko|<span style="color:#ff0000"><b>Talk</b></span>]]} 00:44, 12 Ọnwa asatọ 2022 (UTC) [[Òtù:Ihu mbụ]] [[Òtù:Édémédé egosipụtara]] == New featured article == Hello. I am currently working on translating an article (https://en.wikiipedia.org/wiki/Alhambra) into Igbo. It is a relatively large and well sourced article, and when it is done, it might be good enough to go into the featured article area (assuming that it is checked over enough to make sure it's fine). I've translated some already, (see [[Alhambra]]), but my grammar might not be perfect so I'd appreciate another person to check that (I'm a native English speaker). I would look forward to feedback. Best regards, [[Ojiarụ:Wikipedian12512(alt)|Wikipedian12512(alt)]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:Wikipedian12512(alt)|ṅkátá]]) 00:35, 26 Mee 2026 (UTC) :(Because the recent changes are so few, I'll ping someone: :@[[Ojiarụ:Anasskoko|Anasskoko]]) [[Ojiarụ:Wikipedian12512(alt)|Wikipedian12512(alt)]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:Wikipedian12512(alt)|ṅkátá]]) 00:37, 26 Mee 2026 (UTC) ::@[[Ojiarụ:Tochiprecious|Tochiprecious]], @[[Ojiarụ:Ramadan bin|Ramadan bin]] [[Ojiarụ:Wikipedian12512(alt)|Wikipedian12512(alt)]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:Wikipedian12512(alt)|ṅkátá]]) 13:29, 27 Mee 2026 (UTC) :I would expect to get (enough) done in about a month, maybe more, maybe less. In a bit after a month, I won't be using this account for a while, in which case it'll need to wait for September. [[Ojiarụ:Wikipedian12512(alt)|Wikipedian12512(alt)]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:Wikipedian12512(alt)|ṅkátá]]) 00:40, 26 Mee 2026 (UTC) ::Hi @Wikipedian12512(alt), thank you for your support; I'm happy to go through the grammar and make corrections where necessary. [[Ojiarụ:Tochiprecious|Tochiprecious]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:Tochiprecious|ṅkátá]]) 17:31, 27 Mee 2026 (UTC) :::Thanks! I think I've gotten into the flow of translating, and I think I'll probably finish sooner. [[Ojiarụ:Wikipedian12512(alt)|Wikipedian12512(alt)]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:Wikipedian12512(alt)|ṅkátá]]) 18:09, 27 Mee 2026 (UTC) ::::And I'm sure I made enough mistakes to make you shudder, so thanks. [[Ojiarụ:Wikipedian12512(alt)|Wikipedian12512(alt)]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:Wikipedian12512(alt)|ṅkátá]]) 18:10, 27 Mee 2026 (UTC) :@[[Ojiarụ:Tochiprecious|Tochiprecious]], @[[Ojiarụ:Iwuala Lucy|Iwuala Lucy]]: :Maybe a DYK on [[Oyiyi nke Zeus na Olympia]]? I don’t trust myself with a main page translation, so here’s the English version of a possible DYK: :…That all we know about the details of the [[Oyiyi nke Zeus na Olympia]] come from Greek coins? [[Ojiarụ:Wikipedian12512|Wikipedian12512]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:Wikipedian12512|ṅkátá]]) 02:10, 31 Mee 2026 (UTC) ::Also, I have a few small issues with the formatting of the Main Page. Is it possible for me to fix those without being an admin? [[Ojiarụ:Wikipedian12512|Wikipedian12512]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:Wikipedian12512|ṅkátá]]) 02:12, 31 Mee 2026 (UTC) 31qrmvww7dlpv9inoaytw5olk67jqe7 0 10006 644358 186235 2026-05-30T21:59:08Z Iwuala chisom 17246 Added {{DEFAULTSORT}} 644358 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Elizabeth Ogbaga''' {{Audio|Ig-Elizabeth Ogbaga.ogg|AUDIO}} bụ onye ọka ikpe Naijiria, nọọsụ na onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị. A hoputara ya n’ime ulo ome iwu nke gọọmentị etiti Naijiria n’afo 2007 ka o nochite anya ndi [[Ȯra Ebonyi|Ebonyi]] na Ohaukwu . A hoputara ya n’okpuru otu ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ndi [[Peoples Democratic Party|People's Democratic Party]] (PDP). == Otu Kọmitii == Hon. Elizabeth Ogbaga bụ onye otu kọmitii ndị a: * Justice * Anti-Corruption, National Ethics and Value * Women Affairs * Population * Petroleum Resources (Upstream) * Health * Foreign affairs * Solid mineral development == Ulo Omeiwu == N’ọnwa Disemba, afọ 2009, Hon Elizabeth Ogbaga gosipụtara enweghị afọ ojuju ya n’ihe ọ kpọrọ ọkwa dị ala nke mmejuputa atumatu dị n’ime bọjeti afọ 2009. <ref>http://www.vanguardngr.com/2009/12/rep-decries-poor-budget-implementation</ref> Ọ na-akwado ọtụtụ iwu na atụmatụ ma na-akatọkarị adịghị ukwụu nke ụmụ nwanyị na ndọrọndọrọ ọchịchị na-ekwu na ọ metụtara ọchịchị onye kwuo uche ya <ref>http://www.compassnewspaper.com/NG/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=36349:lawmaker-laments-low-participation-of-women-in-politics&catid=36:news&Itemid=702</ref> == Mpaghara == Hon. Elizabeth Ogbaga dọtara ọrụ dị iche iche dịka- Oxygen Plants na igwe Mammogram gaa Federal Medical Centre, Abakaliki, ọrụ nlekọta nwa na-enye ndị nne dị ime site na Ebonyi / Ohaukwu Federal Constituency n'efu, iwu ọtụtụ ụlọ klas atọ, olulu mmiri-mgbapụta na Onuenyim Ishieke, Ndiofia Nkaleke, Igweledoha, Ogbala Parish, Effenyim (Na-aga n’ihu), Oterufie Nkaleke, Ndiechi-Ndiugo Isophumini, Mbeke Isophumini, St. Michael Parish Mbeke Ishieke, Nwonuewo-Effium Ohaukwu, Ogen Ohaukwu na Umugadu Community Secondary School. O wuru National Health Care Centres na Izenyi Agbaja n'okpuru ọchịchị gọọmentị Izzi na Ohagelode (na-aga n'ihu) ma zụọ ihe karịrị ndị ntorobịa 50 na ICT yana inye ha kọmputa na akọrọngwa. <ref>http://www.compassnewspaper.com/NG/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=52728:rep-trains-youths-on-skills-organises-competition-for-schools-&catid=42:commune&Itemid=796</ref> Hon. Elizabeth Ogbaga gara n'ihu wuo akwa mmiri gafere osimiri Ebonyi na Odomoke nụzọ Ogene-Abarigwe-Ogwudu-Ano-Unum n'okpuru gọọmentị Ohaukwu. O wuru ulo oru komputa n'ulo akwukwo nke obodo Isophumini Ishieke, weputa oche ulo akwukwo na Umugadu community Primary School (na-aga n'ihu) ma weta tebụl ụlọ akwụkwọ, tebụl na oche na Ogbaga Primary School, Ohagelode Primary School, Girls Secondary School Ndulo Ngbo na Mbeke Isophumini Primary School. . Na mgbakwunye, ọ wuru ụlọ ndị fada ụka katọlik nọ na St. Michael Parish Mbeke <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.citizensadvocatenews.com/bishop-okoro-visits-st-michael%E2%80%99s-mbeke-ishieke-in-ebonyi-state-confirms-over-1000-christians|title=Archived copy|accessdate=2010-11-15|archivedate=2011-07-08|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110708155502/http://www.citizensadvocatenews.com/bishop-okoro-visits-st-michael%E2%80%99s-mbeke-ishieke-in-ebonyi-state-confirms-over-1000-christians/}}</ref> were nye ụlọ mposi pụrụiche n’ụlọ akwụkwọ praịmarị Ohagelode, Ogbaga na Umugadu. O kwenyere na inye ndi ntorobia ike ma were kwado otutu okwu di iche-iche n'asọmpi egwuregwu bọọlụ na inye onyinye nke trofi, onyinye nke ego na nkesa jenaretọ, kilipa na akọrọngwa ha nye ndị ntorobịa a zụrụ azụ. <ref>http://www.compassnewspaper.com/NG/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=52728:rep-trains-youths-on-skills-organises-competition-for-schools-&catid=42:commune&Itemid=796</ref> <ref>http://www.thetidenewsonline.com/?p=13392</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.nigerianobservernews.com/08062010/news/national/news6.html|title=Archived copy|accessdate=2010-11-07|archivedate=2011-07-26|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110726115643/http://www.nigerianobservernews.com/08062010/news/national/news6.html}}</ref> == Gọọmentị Ebonyi Steeti == Ka ọnwa Juun dị na mkpụrụ ụbọchị iri abụọ na atọ n’afọ 2015, Gọvanọ Dave Umahi nke steeti Ebonyi họpụtara ya dịka kọmishọna. <ref>http://www.vanguardngr.com/2015/06/breaking-news-ebonyi-gov-names-commissioner-nominees/</ref> Ndị isi ụlọ ọgbakọ omeiwu nabatara ya ma duo ya n'iyi na ọ ga-abụ onye isi nke Mịnịstrị Azụmaahịa ba ụlọ ọrụ n'ụbọchị nke 1 n'ọnwa Julaị, afọ 2015. <ref>http://www.vanguardngr.com/2015/07/umahi-swears-in-18-new-commissioners/</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.ebonyistate.gov.ng/Ministry/Commerce/Commissioner.aspx |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2020-11-14 |archivedate=2020-11-14 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20201114183454/http://www.ebonyistate.gov.ng/Ministry/Commerce/Commissioner.aspx }}</ref> == Hụkwa == * <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_people_from_Ebonyi_State" rel="mw:ExtLink" title="List of people from Ebonyi State" class="cx-link" data-linkid="40">List of people from Ebonyi State</a> == Edensibịa == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ dị na mpụga == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20100716121052/http://www.speakersoffice.gov.ng/constituencies_ebonyi_6.htm Office Of The Speaker, House of Representatives of Nigeria] {{DEFAULTSORT:Ogbaga, Elizabeth}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Ụmụ nwanyị Naijiria]] [[Òtù:Ụmụ nwanyị Naijiria bụ ndị Ebonyi steeti]] [[Òtù:Ụmụ nwanyị Naijiria nọ na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị]] 5n4irp7hvaf26adit0pimrhm1aumfij 0 10341 644483 578355 2026-05-31T05:40:37Z King ChristLike 13051 644483 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Chidera Kennedy Ezeh''' (amụrụ ya na 2 Oktoba afọ 1997) bụ onye [[Naijiria]] [[Footbọl|n'agba bọọlụ,n'agbara]] ndị Portugal maka under-23 squad nke Portimonense . == Ọrụ klọb == Ọ mere ọkachamara mbụ ya na Segunda Liga maka Portimonense na 20 Nọvemba afọ 2016 na egwuregwu megide Braga B. <ref><section rel="cx:Placeholder" id="cxTargetSection10"></section><section rel="cx:Placeholder" id="cxTargetSection11"></section></ref> == Mba uwa == O meriri na 2013 FIFA U-17 World Cup na Naijiria, na-atụle ihe mgbaru ọsọ na ọkara egwuregwu ikpeazụ megide Sweden. == Ebe m si nwete == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ dị na mpụga == {{DEFAULTSORT:Ezeh, Chidera}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] rffr25h8kfbtmdmwnqs3sniwjbwaa2t 0 10509 644239 212310 2026-05-30T19:45:04Z Wikipedian12512(alt) 61413 ce 644239 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Mohammed Abubakar Adamu''' (amụrụ n'ụbọchị iri na asaa n'ọnwa Septemba afọ 1961) bụ onye uwe ojii Naijiria lara ezumike nka nke Ọ bụ onye isi nyocha iri abụọ nke ndị uwe ojii Naijiria<ref>{{Cite news|title=Buhari names Mohammed Adamu as acting IGP|url=https://guardian.ng/news/buhari-names-mohammed-adamu-as-acting-igp/amp|accessdate=28 October 2020|work=Guardian|first=Dennis|author=Erezi|date=15 January 2019}}</ref> [[Ishi ochíchì Naigeria|Onye isi ala]] [[Muhammadu Buhari]] họpụtara ya n'ụbọchị iri na ise n'ọnwa Jenụwari afọ 2019 <ref>{{Cite news|title=Buhari Confirms Abubakar Adamu Mohammed As New Acting IGP (Photos)|url=https://www.concisenews.global/2019/01/15/buhari-appoints-mohammed-adamu-as-igp-photos/amp/|accessdate=17 January 2019|work=Concise News|date=15 January 2019}}</ref> dochie Ibrahim Kpotun Idris (rtd) nke [[Ȯra Niger|Niger Steeti]] . Mohammed Adamu bụ onye [[Lafia]], na [[Ȯra Nasarawa|Nasarawa Steeti]] . <ref>{{Cite news|title=Ag. IGP Adamu Assumes Duty|url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2019/01/15/ag-igp-adamu-assumes-duty/?amp|accessdate=17 January 2019|work=THISDAYLIVE|date=15 January 2019}}</ref> Eji Usman Alkali Baba dochie ya n'ụbọchị isii n'ọnwa Eprel afo 021. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.channelstv.com/2021/04/06/buhari-approves-appointment-of-usman-alkali-as-acting-igp|title=Buhari Approves Appointment Of Usman Alkali As Acting IGP|work=[[Channels TV]]|date=6 April 2021|accessdate=6 April 2021}}</ref> Tupu a họpụta ya dịka onye isi nyocha nke ndị uwe ojii, ọ bụ onye enyemaka onye isi nyocha nke ndị uwe ojii na [[Benin City]], [[Ȯra Edo|Edo Steeti]] ma bụrụkwa onye na-ahụ maka njikwa na arụmọrụ nke NPF Mpaghara nke ise gụnyere [[Ȯra Bayelsa|Bayelsa]], [[Ȯra Delta|Delta]] na [[Ȯra Edo|Edo Steeti]] . <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thecable.ng/geography-teacher-17years-at-interpol-five-things-you-probably-didnt-know-about-igp-adamu|title=Geography teacher, 17 years at INTERPOL — five things you probably didn’t know about IGP Adamu|date=2019-01-15|work=TheCable|language=en-US|accessdate=2019-07-21}}</ref> == Mmalite ndụ na ọrụ == na ụbọchi iri na asaa n'ọnwa Septemba n'afọ 1961 wee banye na ọrụ uwe ojii nke Naijiria na-afọ 1986, mgbe ọ gụchara akwụkwọ na Mahadum Ahmadu Bello, Zaria o nwetara nzere bachelor (Hons) na Geography. O nwekwara asambodo nke ukwu na Sistemụ ikpe ziri ezi ndị omempụ na mba nile na na Mahadum Portsmouth, England . Site na1983 ruo 1984, Adamu mere National Youth Service Corps (NYSC) ya na Wamba di na [[Ȯra Nasarawa|Nasarawa State]] ebe ọ kuziri Geography na Government Teachers College, Wamba di na Plateau State, n'oge ọrụ otu afọ, mgbe ahụ site na 1984 ruo1986, a họpụtara ya dịka onye nkuzi Geography ma mesịa bulie ya na-okwa mee ya osote onye isi na Government Day Secondary School, Gunduma, Keffi di na Plateau State, dị ugbu a na Nasarawa steeti === Ọrụ ya na-uwe ojii Naijiria === Dịka afọ ole na ole gasịrị, o sonyere ndị uwe ojii na-ahụ maka ndị uwe ojii dị ka Cadet Assistant Superintendent nke ndị uwe ojii na-afo 1986, a zụrụ ya na koleji nke ndị uwe ojii dị na Ikeja, Lagos Steeti ebe ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye ọrụ nkewa mpụ na nhazi na ụlọ ọrụ ndị uwe ojii Mgbidi na Mgbidi dị na [[Ọ̀hà Ímò|Imo Steeti]]. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ n'ọtụtụ ọkwa dịka onye isi ihe nchọpụta nile dị n'aka na NPF mpaghara nke isii n'isi ụlọ ọrụ dị na [[Calabar]] . Adamu nwere ọtụtụ ahụmịhe mba ụwa, ọ rụrụ ọrụ na NCB ndi Interpol nke di na Lagos site na-afo 1989 ruo afo 1997. Ọ bụ onye mbụ na Naijiria a akwadoro na Interpol General Secretariat di na Lyon na-afo 1997 ebe o jere ozi dị ka onye ọrụ ọkachamara na mpụ akụ na ụba na ego, Sub-directorate site 1997 ruo 2002. Ọ ghọrọ onye isi ojii nke mbụ ojii na Africa a họpụtara dika osote onye isi nchịkwa na-ahụ maka African Sub-Directorate site na 2002 ruo 2005. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pulse.ng/news/local/mohammad-adamu-7-things-to-know-about-new-igp/c141f7e|title=7 things to know about new IGP, Mohammad Adamu|date=2019-01-15|work=www.pulse.ng|language=en-US|accessdate=2019-07-21}}</ref> Ọ bụkwa onye mbụ na mba Afrika nọ na akụkọ ihe mere eme na INTERPOL Dika onye isi mgbe a họpụtara ya onye ntụzi nke ọrụ NCB na mmepe I-24/7 site na-afo 2005 ruo afo 2007. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://saharareporters.com/2019/01/15/close-first-black-african-become-interpol-assistant-director-%E2%80%94-who-new-igp-abubakar-adamu|title=CLOSE-UP: First Black African To Become Interpol Assistant Director — Who Is New IGP Abubakar Adamu?|date=2019-01-15|work=Sahara Reporters|accessdate=2019-07-21}}</ref> Mgbe ọ laghachitere Naịjirịa, a họpụtara ya dịka onye isi na-ahụ maka nchekwa udo na ọzụzụ na isi ụlọ ọrụ ndị uwe ojii Naijiria dị na Abuja. N'etiti afọ 2013 na 2015, a họpụtara ya ịbụ osote kọmishọna ndị uwe ojii na kọmishọna ndị uwe ojii na iwu nke dị [[Ȯra Enugu|n'Enugu Steeti.]] <ref>{{Cite news|title=Official CV: All You Need To Know About Nigeria's New Police Chief, Mohammed Adamu|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/features-and-interviews/305900-official-cv-all-you-need-to-know-about-nigerias-new-police-chief-mohammed-adamu.html|accessdate=17 January 2019|work=Premium Times Nigeria|date=15 January 2019}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|title=Buhari appoints acting Police Inspector-General|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/headlines/305877-breaking-buhari-appoints-acting-police-inspector-general.html|accessdate=17 January 2019|work=Premium Times Nigeria|date=15 January 2019}}</ref> Onye isi ala Muhammadu Buhari họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ onye nọchiri anya onye isi nyocha nke ndị uwe ojii na ụbọchi iri na ise n'ọnwa Jenụwarị afo 2019, iji nọchie Ibrahim Idris. Ibrahim Idris . <ref>{{Cite news|title=Inspector General of Police, Ibrahim Idris, retires|url=https://oak.tv/newstrack/inspector-general-police-ibrahim-idris/|accessdate=22 January 2019|work=Oak TV Newstrack|date=15 January 2019}}</ref> N'Ụbọchi iri abụọ na asatọ nke ọnwa Jenụwarị afo 2019, ka Adamu na-arụ ọrụ dị ka onye isi nyocha ọhụrụ nke ndị uwe ojii nyefere aha mmadụ isii bụ osote ndị nyocha ọhụrụ nke ndị uwe ojii na kọmịshọna ndị uwe ojii maka nnabata izugbe . <ref>{{Cite news|title=Ex-EFCC boss, Lamorde, 5 others make list of new police DIGs|url=https://oak.tv/newstrack/ex-efcc-boss-lamorde/|accessdate=28 January 2019|work=Oak TV Newstrack|publisher=oak tv|date=28 January 2019}}</ref> Nhọpụta ya zuru oke dị ka onye isi nyocha iri abụọ nke ụmụ amaala gosipụtara site n'aka Muhammadu Buhari, GCFR, Onye isi ala nke Nigeria na ụbọchi iri abụọ na atọ n'ọnwa Mee afo 2019. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.legit.ng/1215804-just-in-ibrahim-idris-officially-hands-igp-adamu.html|title=Breaking: Ibrahim Idris officially hands over to IGP Adamu|author=Ukwu|first=Jerrywright|date=2019-01-16|work=Legit.ng - Nigeria news.|language=en|accessdate=2019-07-21}}</ref> == Hụ kwa == * Ndepụta ndị Hausa * Onye isi ndị uwe ojii (Naijiria) == References ==   [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Category:Ndị Lafia]] [[Otú:Ndị isi uwe ojii na Naijiria]] [[Otú:Ndị amụrụ n'afọ 1961]] [[Òtù:Ndị guụrụ akwụkwọ na Mahadum Portsmouth]] [[Òtù:Ndị guụrụ akwụkwọ na Mahadum Ahmadu Bello]] 1j378co46hiqyktdm3lq2m5ckczeggr 0 10548 644118 452096 2026-05-30T16:32:45Z Chigozirim2005 19722 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1354913631|Ola Brown]]" 644118 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Olamide Brown''', née '''Orekunrin''' (amụrụ n'afọ 1986), bụ dọkịta na-ahụ maka ahụike na Britain, onye ọchụnta ego ahụike, na onye guzobere Flying Doctors Healthcare Investment Group na onye nduzi nke Greentree Investment Company . <ref name="guard">{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2014/sep/12/nigeria-air-ambulance-firm-healthcare|work=The Guardian|title=Nigeria's air ambulance firm is a leap forward for healthcare|author=Renni Edo-Lodge|date=September 12, 2014|accessdate=2 July 2017}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.lionessesofafrica.com/lioness-ola-orekunrin|title=DR. OLA OREKUNRIN Africa's high-flying doctor|work=Lionesses of Africa|date=19 January 2020}}</ref> <ref name="auto2">{{Cite web|url=http://www.greentreeinvestmentcompany.com/#team|title=Our Team|work=Greentree Investment Company}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[http://www.greentreeinvestmentcompany.com/#team "Our Team"]. ''Greentree Investment Company''.</cite></ref><ref name="auto1">{{Cite web|url=https://nairametrics.com/2018/07/16/greentree-investment-company-is-set-to-fund-promising-nigerian-startups/|title=VC Firm, GreenTree holds Pitch Day for over 20 promising Startups|work=Nairametrics|date=16 July 2018}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://nairametrics.com/2018/07/16/greentree-investment-company-is-set-to-fund-promising-nigerian-startups/ "VC Firm, GreenTree holds Pitch Day for over 20 promising Startups"]. ''Nairametrics''. 16 July 2018.</cite></ref> == Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ == A mụrụ Brown na London, England. Ọ gụrụ ọgwụ na Hull York Medical School, mmemme jikọrọ aka nke Mahadum Hull na Mahadum York. Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ, ọ rụrụ ọrụ na ọgwụ siri ike na UK wee gaa n'ihu na-enweta agụmakwụkwọ MEXT nke Japan, <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.mext.go.jp/en/policy/education/highered/title02/detail02/sdetail02/1373897.htm|title=MEXT : STUDY in JAPAN|work=www.mext.go.jp}}</ref> bụ́ nke nyere ya ohere ịga n’ihu n’ihe ọmụmụ ya na Tokyo. Mkpakọrịta ahụ lekwasịrị anya na nyocha dabere na ụlọ nyocha nwere mkpụrụ ndụ sel pluripotent butere. Ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ nzere Masters na ego na amụma akụ na ụba na Mahadum London, ma nweekwa asambodo na amụma akụ na ụba sitere na IE Business School, Spain. Na mgbakwunye, o nwere asambodo na ndekọ ego maka ime mkpebi site na Mahadum Michigan dị na United States. <ref>{{Cite book|author=Olamide|first=Orekunrin|title=Fixing Health Care in Nigeria|year=2018|location=Lagos|pages=5}}</ref> == Ọrụ ahụike == Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ, Brown rụrụ ọrụ obere oge na Ọrụ Ahụike Mba UK. Site n'ọzụzụ ya n'ịgwọ ọrịa ụgbọ elu, ọ bụ onye isi ụlọ ọrụ ahụike mberede mbụ nke West Africa na-arụ na Lagos, Nigeria; Ụgwọ nke ụlọ ọrụ Flying Doctors Nigeria Ltd.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://guardian.ng/guardian-woman/flying-doctors-boss-writes-book-on-fixing-healthcare-in-nigeria/|work=[[The Guardian (Nigeria)|The Guardian]]|title=Flying doctors boss writes book on fixing healthcare in Nigeria|date=22 December 2018}}</ref> Ọ bụ onye otu American College of Emergency Physicians, ma depụta ya n'etiti ndị isi 2013 Young Global site na World Economic Forum . <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.younggloballeaders.org/community|work=World Economic Forum|title=Ola Orekunrin;Managing Director:The Flying Doctors}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.punchng.com/spice/personalities/how-i-became-a-doctor-at-21-ola-orekunrin/|title=How I became a doctor at 21-Ola Orekunrin|accessdate=10 May 2014|work=[[The Punch]]}}</ref> == Ndị dọkịta Na-efe efe == Brown malitere ndị dọkịta na-efe efe mgbe ọ nwesịrị ọnwụ nwanne ya nwanyị ma kwuo na ọ chọrọ ịkwalite ọrụ ahụike na Nigeria;<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.cnn.com/2013/04/08/world/africa/ola-orekunrin-flying-doctors-nigeria/index.html|title=Flying doctor take to the skies to save lives|author=Teo Kermeliotis, for|work=CNN|date=8 April 2013|accessdate=2017-07-01}}</ref> o guzobere Flying Doctores na Lagos na 2007.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.konnectafrica.net/flying-doctors-founder-ola-orekunrin-just-keeps-soaring/|title=Flying doctors founder Ola Orekunrin just keeps soaring|work=Konnect Africa|date=28 March 2013|accessdate=10 May 2014|archivedate=23 May 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210523130323/https://www.konnectafrica.net/flying-doctors-founder-ola-orekunrin-just-keeps-soaring/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.knowledgefountain.co.uk/flying-doctors-nigeria-interview-with-dr-ola-orekunrin/|author=Sember Azzez Harris|work=Knowledge Fountain|title=Flying Doctors Nigeria-Interview with Doctor Ola Orekunrin}}</ref> N'afọ 2020, ezinụlọ nke onye ọrịa nwụrụ anwụ Nabil Hanga guzobere ikpe nleghara anya megide Flying Doctors na Brown, <ref>{{Cite news|title=Family of the late Nabil Hanga alleges negligence, seeks justice in court {{!}} The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World NewsNigeria — The Guardian Nigeria News – Nigeria and World News|url=https://guardian.ng/news/family-of-the-late-nabil-hanga-alleges-negligence-seeks-justice-in-court/|accessdate=7 November 2020|date=12 October 2020}}</ref> Ezinụlọ ahụ mechara wepụ ikpe a. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.barristerng.com/family-withdraws-suit-against-flying-doctors/|title=Family Withdraws Suit against Flying Doctors|work=Barristerng|date=23 October 2020}}</ref> Flying Doctors na-ekwusi ike na Brown na-arụ ọrụ na mpaghara nke atụmatụ, ahịa na itinye ego.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.pmnewsnigeria.com/2019/10/29/flying-doctors-bags-iag-accreditation/|title=Flying Doctors bags IAG Accreditation|work=[[P.M. News]]}}</ref> == Ntinye ego na ego == N'ọnwa Julaị afọ 2018, Brown, Olabode Agusto na [[Abasiama Idaresit]] guzobere ụlọ ọrụ na-ahụ maka ego na-akpọ Greentree Investment Company, nke na-enye ndị na-amalite teknụzụ n'Afrịka ego.<ref name="auto2">{{Cite web|url=http://www.greentreeinvestmentcompany.com/#team|title=Our Team|work=Greentree Investment Company}}</ref><ref name="auto1">{{Cite web|url=https://nairametrics.com/2018/07/16/greentree-investment-company-is-set-to-fund-promising-nigerian-startups/|title=VC Firm, GreenTree holds Pitch Day for over 20 promising Startups|work=Nairametrics|date=16 July 2018}}</ref> Ntinye ego gụnyere Paystack, Precurio na Big Cabal Mediain.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://nipc.gov.ng/2018/07/17/greentree-investment-company-is-set-to-fund-promising-nigerian-startups/|title=Greentree Investment Company is Set to Fund Promising Nigerian Startups|work=NIPC|date=17 July 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://anacgabon.org/feature-tragedy-that-turned-dr-ola-into-a-nigerian-lifesaver.html|title=Feature: Tragedy that turned Dr Ola into a Nigerian lifesaver|work=ANAC Gabon|accessdate=15 August 2020|archivedate=15 December 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211215225413/http://anacgabon.org/feature-tragedy-that-turned-dr-ola-into-a-nigerian-lifesaver.html}}</ref> Brown kwadokwara Minista Naịjirịa nke Ụlọ Ọrụ, Azụmaahịa na Ntinye ego, Otunba Adebayo, na mbipụta mbụ nke 'The Conversation' na Flying Doctors Healthcare Investment Company, na mkparịta ụka ndị na-elekwasị anya na uto itinye ego na ohere na ngalaba ahụike.<ref>{{Cite news|date=July 27, 2020|title=Flying Doctors champions investment growth, opportunities in healthcare sector|url=https://businessday.ng/companies/article/flying-doctors-champions-investment-growth-opportunities-in-healthcare-sector/|work=[[BusinessDay (Nigeria)|BusinessDay]]}}</ref> In 2019, she founded The Flying Doctors Healthcare Investment Company,  which operates air ambulance services and logistics. It is involved in hospital construction, diagnostics and equipment, health facility management, and pharmaceutical retail. It is involved with Koniku, a biotechnology firm and a drug manufacturing company.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://qz.com/africa/1808040/nigeria-pharmacy-starup-lifestores-raises-1-million-seed-round/|title=Investors are backing a Nigerian pharmacy tech startup aiming to disrupt primary healthcare|first=Yomi|author=Kazeem|work=Quartz|date=25 February 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://disrupt-africa.com/2020/05/07/nigerian-startup-helium-health-secures-10m-series-a-round-to-expand-into-new-markets/|title=Nigerian startup Helium Health secures $10m Series A round to expand into new markets|date=May 7, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/igorbosilkovski/2020/05/07/meet-the-nigerian-entrepreneurs-who-just-raised-10-million-to-transform-africas-healthcare/|title=Meet The Nigerian Entrepreneurs Who Just Raised $10 Million To Transform Africa's Healthcare|first=Igor|author=Bosilkovski|work=Forbes}}</ref> N'oge oke ọrịa COVID-19 na Naịjirịa, Brown na ndị otu HealthCa ya malitere ụlọ nyocha COVID-19, nke belatara mkpa maka ihe nchebe onwe onye. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://live-mit-legatum.pantheonsite.io/resources/how-a-startup-born-at-mit-built-a-covid-19-mass-testing-site-in-nigeria/|title=The Legatum Center at MIT - How A Startup Born At MIT Built A COVID-19 Mass Testing Site In Nigeria|accessdate=11 October 2021|archivedate=29 October 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211029111126/https://live-mit-legatum.pantheonsite.io/resources/how-a-startup-born-at-mit-built-a-covid-19-mass-testing-site-in-nigeria/}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://guardian.ng/features/health/ogun-state-brings-innovation-to-the-fight-against-covid-19/|title=Ogun State brings innovation to the fight against COVID-19|date=April 24, 2020|work=[[The Guardian (Nigeria)|The Guardian]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2020/06/09/flying-doctors-unveils-west-africas-first-isolation-pod/|title=Flying Doctors Unveils West Africa's First Isolation Pod|date=June 8, 2020|work=[[This Day]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.afro.who.int/news/african-innovators-join-fight-against-covid-19|title=African innovators join the fight against COVID-19|work=WHO &#124; Regional Office for Africa|date=22 May 2023}}</ref> == Ọdịdị na mbipụta == She is a global speaker who has spoken in fora such as the World Economic Forum,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.weforum.org/agenda/authors/ola-brown/|title=Feature: Agenda Contributor – Ola Brown|work=WeForum}}</ref> TED Global Conference,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p79YuWmvoxA/|title=Speed of Life - Ola Orekunrin|work=TEDGlobal Fellows 2012|date=26 February 2018}}</ref> the Social Media Week Lagos, the European Union, the Swiss Economic Forum, the [[Mba Ndị Dị n'Otu|UN]], the World Bank, the World Economic Forum, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge University and the Aspen Ideas Festival. Brown and her work have been featured on various media platforms. She is also an editor of the ''International Journal of Emergency Services'' and has published three books – ''EMQ's in Paediatrics'', ''Pre-Hospital Care for Africa'' and ''Fixing Healthcare in Nigeria;''<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.drolaorekunrinbrown.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/Fixing-Nigeria-2.pdf|title=Fixing Nigeria Health care|work=Dr Ola Orekunrin Brown|accessdate=15 August 2020|archivedate=15 December 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211215170820/http://www.drolaorekunrinbrown.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/Fixing-Nigeria-2.pdf}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=Dr Ola New book{{!}}Fixing Nigeria Health care|work=Bella Naija|url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2018/10/dr-ola-browns-new-book-is-a-must-read-for-every-nigerian-it-is-free-fixing-healthcare-in-nigeria/}}</ref> ''a Guide to Public Healthcare Policy''. She has written articles in the ''British Medical Journal:'' the ''Journal of Emergency Medical Services'', the ''Niger Delta Medical Journal'', ''The New York Times'' and ''The Huffington Post.'' <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2021)">citation needed</span>]]''&#x5D;</sup> == Nsọpụrụ == * World Economic Forum (WEF) Young Global Leader.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Young African leaders|url=https://edition.cnn.com/interactive/2013/03/world/young-african-leaders/|work=CNN|language=en-US|accessdate=2020-06-30}}</ref> * Forbes 20 Young Power Women In Africa 2013<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/mfonobongnsehe/2013/12/04/the-20-young-power-women-in-africa-2013/|title=The 20 Young Power Women In Africa 2013|first=Mfonobong|author=Nsehe|work=Forbes}}</ref> * Forbes Africa's 30 Under 30 maka 2015 <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/kerryadolan/2015/06/12/africas-most-promising-young-entrepreneurs-forbes-africas-30-under-30-for-2015/#41f55c761de6|title=Fixing Nigeria Health care|work=Dr Ola Orekunrin Brown}}</ref> * YWomen - YNaija 100 Ndị inyom Kasị Mmetụta na Naijiria 2015 <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.360nobs.com/2015/03/100-most-influential-women-in-nigeria-ywomen/|title=100 Most Influential Women In Nigeria – #YWomen}}</ref> * Silverbird Group Extraordinary Business Achievement Award, 2018 na Lagos, onye kachasị nta meriri ihe nrite a.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.dailytrust.com.ng/dr-ola-orekunrin-brown-receives-silverbird-award.html|title=Dr. Ola Orekunrin-Brown receives Silverbird award|date=Feb 24, 2018|author=Opeyemi Kehinde|accessdate=June 20, 2018|work=[[Daily Trust]]}}</ref> * [[YNaija]] Business Power List 2020 <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ynaija.com/dr-ola-brown-iyin-aboyeji-abubakar-sadiq-falalu-see-the-ynaijapowerlist2020-for-business/|title=Dr. Ola Brown, Iyin Aboyeji, Abubakar Sadiq Falalu...See the #YNaijaPowerList2020 for Business » YNaija|first=Omoleye|author=Omoruyi|date=July 30, 2020}}</ref> * Onye isi ala [[Muhammadu Buhari]] nyere ya nsọpụrụ mba - Onye otu Order of the Federal Republic (MFR). <ref>{{Cite news|date=2022-10-12|title=5 Nation-building requires sacrifice, Buhari tells 450 honourees|url=https://punchng.com/nation-building-requires-sacrifice-buhari-tells-450-honourees/|language=en|work=[[The Punch]]}}</ref> * Ndị Ntọala Africa Folder Ị Kwesịrị Ịmara na 2023 . <ref>{{Cite web|title=15 African Female Founders You Should Know In 2023|url=https://africanfolder.com/15-african-female-founders-2023/|work=African Folder|date=10 March 2023|accessdate=12 March 2023}}</ref> == Edensibia == [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Otú:Articles with hCards]] [[Otú:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 6f8zme1e3gsx8v63m0ah5eng3upwhcw 644121 644118 2026-05-30T16:38:34Z Chigozirim2005 19722 Fixed reference error 644121 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Olamide Brown''', née '''Orekunrin''' (amụrụ n'afọ 1986), bụ dọkịta na-ahụ maka ahụike na Britain, onye ọchụnta ego ahụike, na onye guzobere Flying Doctors Healthcare Investment Group na onye nduzi nke Greentree Investment Company . <ref name="guard">{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2014/sep/12/nigeria-air-ambulance-firm-healthcare|work=The Guardian|title=Nigeria's air ambulance firm is a leap forward for healthcare|author=Renni Edo-Lodge|date=September 12, 2014|accessdate=2 July 2017}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.lionessesofafrica.com/lioness-ola-orekunrin|title=DR. OLA OREKUNRIN Africa's high-flying doctor|work=Lionesses of Africa|date=19 January 2020}}</ref> <ref name="auto2">{{Cite web|url=http://www.greentreeinvestmentcompany.com/#team|title=Our Team|work=Greentree Investment Company}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[http://www.greentreeinvestmentcompany.com/#team "Our Team"]. ''Greentree Investment Company''.</cite></ref><ref name="auto1">{{Cite web|url=https://nairametrics.com/2018/07/16/greentree-investment-company-is-set-to-fund-promising-nigerian-startups/|title=VC Firm, GreenTree holds Pitch Day for over 20 promising Startups|work=Nairametrics|date=16 July 2018}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://nairametrics.com/2018/07/16/greentree-investment-company-is-set-to-fund-promising-nigerian-startups/ "VC Firm, GreenTree holds Pitch Day for over 20 promising Startups"]. ''Nairametrics''. 16 July 2018.</cite></ref> == Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ == A mụrụ Brown na London, England. Ọ gụrụ ọgwụ na Hull York Medical School, mmemme jikọrọ aka nke Mahadum Hull na Mahadum York. Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ, ọ rụrụ ọrụ na ọgwụ siri ike na UK wee gaa n'ihu na-enweta agụmakwụkwọ MEXT nke Japan, <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.mext.go.jp/en/policy/education/highered/title02/detail02/sdetail02/1373897.htm|title=MEXT : STUDY in JAPAN|work=www.mext.go.jp}}</ref> bụ́ nke nyere ya ohere ịga n’ihu n’ihe ọmụmụ ya na Tokyo. Mkpakọrịta ahụ lekwasịrị anya na nyocha dabere na ụlọ nyocha nwere mkpụrụ ndụ sel pluripotent butere. Ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ nzere Masters na ego na amụma akụ na ụba na Mahadum London, ma nweekwa asambodo na amụma akụ na ụba sitere na IE Business School, Spain. Na mgbakwunye, o nwere asambodo na ndekọ ego maka ime mkpebi site na Mahadum Michigan dị na United States. <ref>{{Cite book|author=Olamide|first=Orekunrin|title=Fixing Health Care in Nigeria|year=2018|location=Lagos|pages=5}}</ref> == Ọrụ ahụike == Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ, Brown rụrụ ọrụ obere oge na Ọrụ Ahụike Mba UK. Site n'ọzụzụ ya n'ịgwọ ọrịa ụgbọ elu, ọ bụ onye isi ụlọ ọrụ ahụike mberede mbụ nke West Africa na-arụ na Lagos, Nigeria; Ụgwọ nke ụlọ ọrụ Flying Doctors Nigeria Ltd.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://guardian.ng/guardian-woman/flying-doctors-boss-writes-book-on-fixing-healthcare-in-nigeria/|work=[[The Guardian (Nigeria)|The Guardian]]|title=Flying doctors boss writes book on fixing healthcare in Nigeria|date=22 December 2018}}</ref> Ọ bụ onye otu American College of Emergency Physicians, ma depụta ya n'etiti ndị isi 2013 Young Global site na World Economic Forum . <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.younggloballeaders.org/community|work=World Economic Forum|title=Ola Orekunrin;Managing Director:The Flying Doctors}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.punchng.com/spice/personalities/how-i-became-a-doctor-at-21-ola-orekunrin/|title=How I became a doctor at 21-Ola Orekunrin|accessdate=10 May 2014|work=[[The Punch]]}}</ref> == Ndị dọkịta Na-efe efe == Brown malitere ndị dọkịta na-efe efe mgbe ọ nwesịrị ọnwụ nwanne ya nwanyị ma kwuo na ọ chọrọ ịkwalite ọrụ ahụike na Nigeria;<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.cnn.com/2013/04/08/world/africa/ola-orekunrin-flying-doctors-nigeria/index.html|title=Flying doctor take to the skies to save lives|author=Teo Kermeliotis, for|work=CNN|date=8 April 2013|accessdate=2017-07-01}}</ref> o guzobere Flying Doctores na Lagos na 2007.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.konnectafrica.net/flying-doctors-founder-ola-orekunrin-just-keeps-soaring/|title=Flying doctors founder Ola Orekunrin just keeps soaring|work=Konnect Africa|date=28 March 2013|accessdate=10 May 2014|archivedate=23 May 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210523130323/https://www.konnectafrica.net/flying-doctors-founder-ola-orekunrin-just-keeps-soaring/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.knowledgefountain.co.uk/flying-doctors-nigeria-interview-with-dr-ola-orekunrin/|author=Sember Azzez Harris|work=Knowledge Fountain|title=Flying Doctors Nigeria-Interview with Doctor Ola Orekunrin}}</ref> N'afọ 2020, ezinụlọ nke onye ọrịa nwụrụ anwụ Nabil Hanga guzobere ikpe nleghara anya megide Flying Doctors na Brown, <ref>{{Cite news|title=Family of the late Nabil Hanga alleges negligence, seeks justice in court {{!}} The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World NewsNigeria — The Guardian Nigeria News – Nigeria and World News|url=https://guardian.ng/news/family-of-the-late-nabil-hanga-alleges-negligence-seeks-justice-in-court/|accessdate=7 November 2020|date=12 October 2020}}</ref> Ezinụlọ ahụ mechara wepụ ikpe a. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.barristerng.com/family-withdraws-suit-against-flying-doctors/|title=Family Withdraws Suit against Flying Doctors|work=Barristerng|date=23 October 2020}}</ref> Flying Doctors na-ekwusi ike na Brown na-arụ ọrụ na mpaghara nke atụmatụ, ahịa na itinye ego.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.pmnewsnigeria.com/2019/10/29/flying-doctors-bags-iag-accreditation/|title=Flying Doctors bags IAG Accreditation|work=[[P.M. News]]}}</ref> == Ntinye ego na ego == N'ọnwa Julaị afọ 2018, Brown, Olabode Agusto na [[Abasiama Idaresit]] guzobere ụlọ ọrụ na-ahụ maka ego na-akpọ Greentree Investment Company, nke na-enye ndị na-amalite teknụzụ n'Afrịka ego.<ref name="auto2" /><ref name="auto1" /> In 2019, she founded The Flying Doctors Healthcare Investment Company,  which operates air ambulance services and logistics. It is involved in hospital construction, diagnostics and equipment, health facility management, and pharmaceutical retail. It is involved with Koniku, a biotechnology firm and a drug manufacturing company.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://qz.com/africa/1808040/nigeria-pharmacy-starup-lifestores-raises-1-million-seed-round/|title=Investors are backing a Nigerian pharmacy tech startup aiming to disrupt primary healthcare|first=Yomi|author=Kazeem|work=Quartz|date=25 February 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://disrupt-africa.com/2020/05/07/nigerian-startup-helium-health-secures-10m-series-a-round-to-expand-into-new-markets/|title=Nigerian startup Helium Health secures $10m Series A round to expand into new markets|date=May 7, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/igorbosilkovski/2020/05/07/meet-the-nigerian-entrepreneurs-who-just-raised-10-million-to-transform-africas-healthcare/|title=Meet The Nigerian Entrepreneurs Who Just Raised $10 Million To Transform Africa's Healthcare|first=Igor|author=Bosilkovski|work=Forbes}}</ref> N'oge oke ọrịa COVID-19 na Naịjirịa, Brown na ndị otu HealthCa ya malitere ụlọ nyocha COVID-19, nke belatara mkpa maka ihe nchebe onwe onye. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://live-mit-legatum.pantheonsite.io/resources/how-a-startup-born-at-mit-built-a-covid-19-mass-testing-site-in-nigeria/|title=The Legatum Center at MIT - How A Startup Born At MIT Built A COVID-19 Mass Testing Site In Nigeria|accessdate=11 October 2021|archivedate=29 October 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211029111126/https://live-mit-legatum.pantheonsite.io/resources/how-a-startup-born-at-mit-built-a-covid-19-mass-testing-site-in-nigeria/}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://guardian.ng/features/health/ogun-state-brings-innovation-to-the-fight-against-covid-19/|title=Ogun State brings innovation to the fight against COVID-19|date=April 24, 2020|work=[[The Guardian (Nigeria)|The Guardian]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2020/06/09/flying-doctors-unveils-west-africas-first-isolation-pod/|title=Flying Doctors Unveils West Africa's First Isolation Pod|date=June 8, 2020|work=[[This Day]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.afro.who.int/news/african-innovators-join-fight-against-covid-19|title=African innovators join the fight against COVID-19|work=WHO &#124; Regional Office for Africa|date=22 May 2023}}</ref> == Ọdịdị na mbipụta == She is a global speaker who has spoken in fora such as the World Economic Forum,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.weforum.org/agenda/authors/ola-brown/|title=Feature: Agenda Contributor – Ola Brown|work=WeForum}}</ref> TED Global Conference,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p79YuWmvoxA/|title=Speed of Life - Ola Orekunrin|work=TEDGlobal Fellows 2012|date=26 February 2018}}</ref> the Social Media Week Lagos, the European Union, the Swiss Economic Forum, the [[Mba Ndị Dị n'Otu|UN]], the World Bank, the World Economic Forum, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge University and the Aspen Ideas Festival. Brown and her work have been featured on various media platforms. She is also an editor of the ''International Journal of Emergency Services'' and has published three books – ''EMQ's in Paediatrics'', ''Pre-Hospital Care for Africa'' and ''Fixing Healthcare in Nigeria;''<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.drolaorekunrinbrown.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/Fixing-Nigeria-2.pdf|title=Fixing Nigeria Health care|work=Dr Ola Orekunrin Brown|accessdate=15 August 2020|archivedate=15 December 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211215170820/http://www.drolaorekunrinbrown.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/Fixing-Nigeria-2.pdf}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=Dr Ola New book{{!}}Fixing Nigeria Health care|work=Bella Naija|url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2018/10/dr-ola-browns-new-book-is-a-must-read-for-every-nigerian-it-is-free-fixing-healthcare-in-nigeria/}}</ref> ''a Guide to Public Healthcare Policy''. She has written articles in the ''British Medical Journal:'' the ''Journal of Emergency Medical Services'', the ''Niger Delta Medical Journal'', ''The New York Times'' and ''The Huffington Post.'' <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2021)">citation needed</span>]]''&#x5D;</sup> == Nsọpụrụ == * World Economic Forum (WEF) Young Global Leader.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Young African leaders|url=https://edition.cnn.com/interactive/2013/03/world/young-african-leaders/|work=CNN|language=en-US|accessdate=2020-06-30}}</ref> * Forbes 20 Young Power Women In Africa 2013<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/mfonobongnsehe/2013/12/04/the-20-young-power-women-in-africa-2013/|title=The 20 Young Power Women In Africa 2013|first=Mfonobong|author=Nsehe|work=Forbes}}</ref> * Forbes Africa's 30 Under 30 maka 2015 <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/kerryadolan/2015/06/12/africas-most-promising-young-entrepreneurs-forbes-africas-30-under-30-for-2015/#41f55c761de6|title=Fixing Nigeria Health care|work=Dr Ola Orekunrin Brown}}</ref> * YWomen - YNaija 100 Ndị inyom Kasị Mmetụta na Naijiria 2015 <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.360nobs.com/2015/03/100-most-influential-women-in-nigeria-ywomen/|title=100 Most Influential Women In Nigeria – #YWomen}}</ref> * Silverbird Group Extraordinary Business Achievement Award, 2018 na Lagos, onye kachasị nta meriri ihe nrite a.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.dailytrust.com.ng/dr-ola-orekunrin-brown-receives-silverbird-award.html|title=Dr. Ola Orekunrin-Brown receives Silverbird award|date=Feb 24, 2018|author=Opeyemi Kehinde|accessdate=June 20, 2018|work=[[Daily Trust]]}}</ref> * [[YNaija]] Business Power List 2020 <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ynaija.com/dr-ola-brown-iyin-aboyeji-abubakar-sadiq-falalu-see-the-ynaijapowerlist2020-for-business/|title=Dr. Ola Brown, Iyin Aboyeji, Abubakar Sadiq Falalu...See the #YNaijaPowerList2020 for Business » YNaija|first=Omoleye|author=Omoruyi|date=July 30, 2020}}</ref> * Onye isi ala [[Muhammadu Buhari]] nyere ya nsọpụrụ mba - Onye otu Order of the Federal Republic (MFR). <ref>{{Cite news|date=2022-10-12|title=5 Nation-building requires sacrifice, Buhari tells 450 honourees|url=https://punchng.com/nation-building-requires-sacrifice-buhari-tells-450-honourees/|language=en|work=[[The Punch]]}}</ref> * Ndị Ntọala Africa Folder Ị Kwesịrị Ịmara na 2023 . <ref>{{Cite web|title=15 African Female Founders You Should Know In 2023|url=https://africanfolder.com/15-african-female-founders-2023/|work=African Folder|date=10 March 2023|accessdate=12 March 2023}}</ref> == Edensibia == [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Otú:Articles with hCards]] [[Otú:Pages with unreviewed translations]] owl9bynztihwis7m0sjexflk9esi946 0 10966 644080 175541 2026-05-30T15:29:28Z Neme244 16387 added DEFAULTSORT 644080 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Category:Pages using infobox person with unknown empty parameters|backgroundEmma Ugolee]] [[Category:Articles with hCards]] '''Emmanuel Chinenye Ugolee''' (amụrụ abalị anọ n'ọnwa Ọktoba 1975), bụ onye mgbasa ozi Naijiria, onye na-emepụta ihe onyonyo, onye na-ahụ egwu na odee. Amụrụ ya na Jos, na steeti Plateau . <ref name="Guardian123">{{Cite web|url=https://guardian.ng/art/ace-broadcaster-emmanuel-ugolee-authors-first-book/|title=Ace broadcaster Emmanuel Ugolee authors first book|date=2019-12-03|work=Guardian.ng - The Guardian.|language=en-US|accessdate=2020-09-11|archivedate=2020-10-26|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20201026140313/https://guardian.ng/art/ace-broadcaster-emmanuel-ugolee-authors-first-book/}}</ref> <ref name="Tribune789">{{Cite web|url=https://tribuneonlineng.com/ace-broadcaster-emmanuel-ugolee-authors-first-book/|title=Ace Broadcaster, Emmanuel Ugolee, Authors First Book|first=Tribune|author=Online|date=2019-12-02|work=Tribuneonlineng.com - Nigerian Tribune.|language=en-US|accessdate=2020-09-11}}</ref> == Ndụ mmalite na agụmakwụkwọ == Amụrụ Emmanuel Chinenye Ugolee na [[Jos]], [[Ȯra Plateau|Plateau State]], nke middle belt nke Nigeria nye Kingsley na Esther Ugolee. A mụrụ ya n'abalị anọ nke ọnwa Ọktoba 1975. <ref name="Guardian123" /> Emmanuel bụ nwa mbụ n'ime ụmụ isii. Ọ nọrọ n'afọ niile nke ntolite ya n'obodo Jos, Plateau State nke Nigeria. Ọ gara Primarị nke mahadum Jos dị na steeti Plateau , Naijiria site na 1981-1986. Ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ sekọndrị na St Murumbas College Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria, site na 1987-1992. A nabatara ya na Mahadum Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria, ka ọ mụọ gbasara akụ na ego nke Ordinary National Diplomaị na 1992 wee gụchaa na 1995 <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://naijaaparents.com/ojb-died-from-the-disease-ive-been-battling-for-over-4-years-tv-personality-emma-ugolee-reveals/|title='OJB Died From The Disease I've Been Battling For Over 4 Years' – TV Personality Emma Ugolee Reveals|first=Bayo|author=Ajibola|date=2016-06-16|work=Naijaparents.com - Naija Parents.|language=en-US|accessdate=2020-09-11|archivedate=2021-05-20|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210520234016/https://naijaaparents.com/ojb-died-from-the-disease-ive-been-battling-for-over-4-years-tv-personality-emma-ugolee-reveals/}}</ref> N'ọgwụgwụ 1995, ọ kwagara [[Ȯra Enugu|Enugu steeti]] dị n'Ebe Ọwụwa Anyanwụ Nigeria, ebe ọ nọrọ afọ 4 nweta nzere bachelọ nke Economics na Enugu State University of Science and Technology . Mgbe ọ nọ na Mahadum Enugwu steeti, Emmanuel na ndị enyi ole na ole bụ ndị ama ama maka ịhazi mmemme ụlọ akwụkwọ ọha. Ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Enugu State University of Science and Technology, Enugu, [[Ȯra Enugu|Enugu State]], Nigeria na 1999. === Ndụ onwe onye === A mụrụ Emmanuel na Jos, Plateau steeti, na nkewa nke etiti Naijiria n'afọ 1975. Ọ si n'okpuru ọchịchị Isiala Ngwa North [[Ȯra Abia|nke Abia steeti]], na mpaghara ndịda-ọwụwa anyanwụ nke Nigeria. <ref name="Guardian456">{{Cite web|url=https://guardian.ng/art/ugolee-authors-a-hundred-random-light-bulbs/|title=Ugolee authors A Hundred Random Light Bulbs|first=Godwin|author=Okondo|date=2019-11-13|work=Guardian.ng - The Guardian.|language=en-US|accessdate=2020-09-11|archivedate=2020-10-20|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20201020070229/https://guardian.ng/art/ugolee-authors-a-hundred-random-light-bulbs/}}</ref> Ọ lụrụ nwayi na Sept 13, 2013 wee gbaa alụkwaghịm na 2016. Kemgbe ahụ Emmanuel anọwo na-akpachapụ anya maka ikpuchi ndụ ịhụnanya ya nke ọma. Otú ọ dị, ọ na-ekwu okwu nke ọma banyere mgba ya na ọrịa akụrụ na-adịghị ala ala . Ọ na-eme ka ọ mara banyere ọrịa ahụ mgbe niile ma na-eji ahụmịhe nke onwere dị ka ihe mkpali maka ndị na-akwado ya n' ọrịa na ike nke echiche ziri ezi <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://thenationonlineng.net/emma-ugolee-juliet-ibrahim-to-walk-against-kidney-disease/|title=Emma Ugolee, Juliet Ibrahim to walk against kidney disease|date=2015-03-21|work=Thenationonlineng.net - The Nation.|language=en-US|accessdate=2020-09-11}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thenigerianvoice.com/movie/173778/pictures-of-celebs-at-juliet-ibrahim-emma-ugolee-campaign-for-kidney-failure.html|title=Pictures Of Celebs At Juliet Ibrahim, Emma Ugolee Campaign For Kidney Failure|date=2015-03-24|work=Thenigerianvoice - The Nigerian Voice.|language=en-US|accessdate=2020-09-12}}</ref> Onye a ana anụ olu ya na 2021 kọwara na o mefuru ihe karịrị $3m na ịwa ahụ na dayalịsis ka ọ na-arịa ọrịa akụrụ a afọ iri na gburugburu kọntinent anọ. <ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-10-04|title=I spent over $3m on more than 100 surgeries, dialysis — Broadcaster Emma Ugolee recounts 10-year battle with kidney disease|url=https://punchng.com/i-spent-over-3m-on-more-than-100-surgeries-dialysis-broadcaster-emma-ugolee-recounts-10-year-battle-with-kidney-disease/|accessdate=2021-10-17|work=Punch Newspapers|language=en-US}}</ref> === Ahụike === Achọpụtara Emmanuel nwere ogo ise nke ọrịa akụrụ na-adịghị ala ala na 2011. <ref name="Tribune123">{{Cite web|url=https://tribuneonlineng.com/emmanuel-ugolee-recuperates-us/|title=Emmanuel Ugolee Recuperates In US|first=Segun|author=Adebayo|date=2017-11-26|work=Tribuneonlineng.com - Nigerian tribune.|language=en-US|accessdate=2020-09-11}}</ref> O nwere ntụgharị akụrụ na 2012 February 22 na India. <ref name="Allure123">{{Cite web|url=https://allure.vanguardngr.com/2017/03/broadcaster-emmanuel-ugolee-set-to-go-for-kidney-transplant-soon/|title=BROADCASTER, EMMANUEL UGOLEE SET TO GO FOR KIDNEY TRANSPLANT SOON|first=Allure|author=1|date=2017-11-26|work=Vanguardngr.com - Allure Vanguard.|language=en-US|accessdate=2020-09-11}}</ref> Ntugharị ahụ enweghị ihe ịga nke ọma ya mere ọ alaghachi na dayalị̀sis ,ọgwụgwọ ugboro atọ kwa izu nke na-eme ka ọ dị ndụ na-atụ anya ntụgharị ọzọ. <ref name="Legit123">{{Cite web|url=https://www.legit.ng/1234468-emma-ugolee-accuses-indian-hospital-swapping-kidney-sister-donated-him.html|title=Emma Ugolee accuses Indian hospital of swapping kidney his sister donated for him|first=Sola|author=Sanusi|date=2019-04-20|work=Legit.ng - Legit.|language=en-US|accessdate=2020-09-11}}</ref> Ọ nọ na ụlọ ọgwụ Medstar dị na Baltimore, Maryland na ndepụta nchere ntụgharị. USA, ebe o bi . <ref name="Pulse123">{{Cite web|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/celebrities/emmanuel-ugolee-shares-cancer-scare-that-had-him-wishing-for-the-worst/1qejexd|title=Emmanuel Ugolee shares cancer scare that had him wishing for the worst|first=Ayodele|author=Johnson|date=2018-11-18|work=Pulse.ng - Pulse Ng.|language=en-US|accessdate=2020-09-11}}</ref> <ref name="Tribune123" /> == Ọrụ == Na 1999 mgbe Emmanuel nọ na Enugu State University of Science and Technology, Ọ mere ihe ngosi telivishọn a na-akpọ 'Just Gisting' na netwọk telivishọn a maara dị ka Minaj Broadcast International iji kwalite mmemme ụlọ akwụkwọ na-abịanụ nke a na-akpọ ESUT Awards. <ref name="Thisday123">{{Cite web|url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2019/12/03/ace-broadcaster-emmanuel-ugolee-releases-first-book/|title=Ace Broadcaster, Emmanuel Ugolee, Releases First Book|author=The Editor|date=2019-12-03|work=Thisdaylive.com - This Day.|language=en-US|accessdate=2020-09-11}}</ref> Onye nwe ụlọ ọrụ telivishọn a bụ Mike Ajegbo nwere mmasị na Emmanuel. Enyere ya ọrụ mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ. Emmanuel bidoro agba mbụ ya na mgbasa ozi site n'ịghọ onye isi nhiwe nke otu ihe nkiri 'Just Gisting' nke ọ bụ ọbịa ọnwa ole na ole gara aga. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://guardian.ng/saturday-magazine/weekend-beats/emma-ugoleethe-gist-master/|title=Emma Ugolee…The gist master|first=Geraldine|author=Akutu|date=2016-07-16|work=Guardian.ng - The Guardian.|language=en-US|accessdate=2020-09-11|archivedate=2020-05-17|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200517190843/https://guardian.ng/saturday-magazine/weekend-beats/emma-ugoleethe-gist-master/}}</ref> E zigara ya [[Ibadan]], na Oyo State Nigeria, mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ, maka National Youth Service Corps na 2000, Emmanuel gara n'ihu na ihe ngosi TV izu ụka ya na isi ụlọ ọrụ Minaj Broadcast International na Lagos. Na 2001 dị ka onye ọrụ zuru oke nke ọdụ mgbasa ozi ahụ, ọ na-emepụta ma na-emezi ihe ngosi atọ na netwọkụ telivishọn. Ihe nkiri kachasị ewu ewu n'ime ihe ngosi atọ a bụ 'The MBI Top 10 Countdown' bụ nwa ụbụrụ Emmanuel na égwu vidiyo Naijiria na-mbụ agutara. <ref name="Guardian456" /> A kpọbatara ọtụtụ ndị na-eme egwú na ndị nduzi vidio na mba a site na Mgbafọ ukwu nke ihe nkiri ahụ. Aha ndị ama ama Naijiria dị ka [[Sound Sultan]], Ruggedman, Mode 9 na D'banj bụ ndị ọsụ ụzọ baara uru <ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-03-23|title=Emma Ugolee says Olamide's YBNL shaped current generation's mindset|url=https://guardian.ng/life/emma-ugolee-says-olamides-ybnl-shaped-current-generations-mindset/|accessdate=2021-10-17|work=The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News|language=en-US|archivedate=2021-10-17|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211017100531/https://guardian.ng/life/emma-ugolee-says-olamides-ybnl-shaped-current-generations-mindset/}}</ref> site na ihe nkiri ahụ n'elu ewu. N'oge a na ọrụ ya, Emmanuel gara ọzụzụ ụlọ akwụkwọ nkuzi Federal Radio Corporation of Nigeria maka ndị mgbasa ozi na 2002 na ndị nkuzi nke gụnyere Veronica Osawere. <ref name="Guardian123" /> Ka ọ na-erule 2004 Emmanuel sonyeere ụlọ ọrụ mgbasa ozi Nigeria Globacom dịka onye isi na ngalaba mgbasa ozi ahịa. <ref name="The Nation111">{{Cite web|url=https://thenationonlineng.net/search-n50m-emma-ugolees-kidney-transplant/|title=In search of N50m for Emma Ugolee's kidney transplant|date=2017-01-01|work=Thenationonlineng.net - This Nation.|language=en-US|accessdate=2020-09-11}}</ref> Ka ọ na-arụ ọrụ ụlọ ọrụ ya mgbe niile, ọ mepụtara ma gosi ihe ngosi TV nye ụlọ ọrụ a kpọrọ Glo Show <ref name="The Nation111" /> O mechara [[Ebuka Obi-Uchendu|duzie Ebuka Obi-Uchendu]], bụ onye ghọrọ nchikwaba ihe ngosi ahụ n'afọ 2006. Emmanuel ga-aga n'ihu ịmalite ọrụ dị ka onye na-eme ihe ngosi telivishọn nọọrọ onwe ya na onye na-emepụta ihe <ref name="Guardian123" /> Ọrụ mbụ maka ọrụ a pụtara na 2015 dị ka ihe ngosi ihe nkiri TV a na-akpọ 'The Gist'. <ref name="Vanguard456">{{Cite web|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2015/12/emma-ugolee-looking-to-make-history-with-new-tv-show/|title=Emma Ugolee looking to make history with new TV show|first=Tofarati|author=Ige|date=2015-12-19|work=Vanguardngr.com - Vanguard.|language=en-US|accessdate=2020-09-11}}</ref> <ref name="Vanguard999">{{Cite web|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2016/05/social-media-adjudge-gist-emma-ugolee-followed-youth-talk-show/|title=Social Media adjudge The Gist with Emma Ugolee most followed youth talk show|date=2016-05-01|work=Vanguardngr.com - Vanguard.|language=en-US|accessdate=2020-09-11}}</ref> The Gist bụ ihe ngosi okwu Naijiria izizi na-eche naanị maka nsogbu na azịza nke ụlọ ọrụ ntụrụndụ Naijiria n'ozuzu ya. Ọ gbara ndị nwere oke ajụjụ ọnụ na azụmahịa ntụrụndụ, ndị egwu dị iche iche, ndị na-eme ihe nkiri, DJ, ndị na-ahụ maka ndekọ labelụ̀ na ndị ngosi nlereanya, ndị na-ahazi mmemme na ndị mmadụ ana anụ olu ha n'ikuku. <ref name="Cable123">{{Cite web|url=https://lifestyle.thecable.ng/emma-ugolee-fake-empty-celebrities/|title=Emma Ugolee writes about the 'fake, empty' lives of celebrities|first=Oluseyi|author=Awojulugbe|date=2018-04-11|work=Thecable.ng - The Cable Lifestyle.|language=en-US|accessdate=2020-09-11}}</ref> Gist ahụ gbara na igwe onyonyo igwe onyonyo HipTV site na 2015 ruo mmalite 2017 mgbe ọ ewegara ya n'ikuku na TV Network nke Africa Independent Television ebe ọ kama aga n'ihu ruo taa. <ref name="Vanguard456" /> Na 2018 Emmanuel na onye otu ya Ossy Achievas debara aha ma malite ọrụ NSMA (Nigerian Social Media Awards) nke e mere iji mata na inye ndị Naijiria pụtara ìhè maka iji mgbasa ozi ọha na eze mara mma. <ref name="Bella123">{{Cite web|url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2018/09/naija-social-media-awards/|title=Ossy Achievas & Emma Ugolee set to host first ever 'Naija Social Media Awards' to celebrate entertaining Social Media Platforms & Personalities|first=Bella|author=Naija|date=2018-09-13|work=Bellanaija.com - Bella Naija.|language=en-US|accessdate=2020-09-11}}</ref> <ref name="Vanguard899">{{Cite web|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2018/09/emma-ugolee-ossy-achievers-set-to-reward-social-media-enthusiasts/|title=Emma Ugolee, Ossy Achievers set to reward social media enthusiasts|first=Rotimi|author=Agbana|date=2018-09-13|work=Vanguardngr.com - Vanguard.|language=en-US|accessdate=2020-09-11}}</ref> N'afọ 2019, Emmanuel dere akwụkwọ mbụ ya: A 100 Random Light Bulbs, nchịkọta egwu nke ebumnuche iji kpalie ndị na-agụ ya ka ha ghọtakwuo nsogbu ụbọchị niile na ndụ. <ref name="Guardian456" /> <ref name="Thisday123" /> <ref name="Guardian123" /> <ref name="Tribune789" /> Ugbu a, onye bi na United States of America, ya bụ Emmanuel na-arụ ọrụ na egosịpụta Afrika, na ala nna ya Nigeria, na ihe nkiri TV na Radio a na-akpọ "Something to write home about" <ref name="Linda123">{{Cite web|url=https://www.lindaikejisblog.com/2019/7/emma-ugolee-and-nevada-bridge-tell-the-less-popular-story-of-the-nigerian-spirit-to-americans.html|title=Emma Ugolee and Nevada Bridge tell the less popular story of the Nigerian Spirit to Americans|first=Linda|author=Ikeji|date=2019-07-11|work=Lindaikejiblog.com - Linda Ikejis Blog.|language=en-US|accessdate=2020-09-11}}</ref> Something to write home about n'egosi ndị ọkachamara Nigeria pụtara ìhè. bi na US, Awọd na nnabata ana enye ha. Emmanuel Ugolee anatala ụfọdụ nzere, nhọpụta na ihe nrite. Ụfọdụ gụnyere; The Future Awards Africa [TFAA] nhọpụta maka ndị ọkachamara nto55 nke afọ 2006 <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2007/01/the-future-awards-winners-photos/|title=THE FUTURE AWARDS – WINNERS & PHOTOS|first=Bella|author=Naija|date=2007-01-28|work=Bellanaija.com - Bella Naija.|language=en-US|accessdate=2020-09-12}}</ref> na onye nyocha Hip Hop World Magazine maka ụdị mgbasa ozi nke afọ na 2002 <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.lindaikejisblog.com/2014/06/obi-asika-jimmy-jatt-emma-ugolee-and.html|title=Obi Asika, Jimmy Jatt, Emma Ugolee and others make top 20 list of pioneers of the new Nigerian music era|first=Linda|author=Ikeji|date=2014-06-11|work=Lindaikejiblog.com - Linda Ikejis Blog.|language=en-US|accessdate=2020-09-12}}</ref> Ndepụta 2014 [[Linda Ikeji|Linda ikeji]] BlogSpot nke Top 20 ndị ọsụ ụzọ nke oge ọhụrụ Naijiria ụlọ ọrụ egwu na akwụkwọ akụkọ Vanguard kọrọ, soshal midia kwadoro ihe ngosi okwu ntorobịa kachasị na Ni gerian TV ya na The Gist ya na Emma Ugolee na 2016 <ref name="Linda123" /> Onye mgbasa ozi na March 22 2021, kesara ibe nke kọwara mkpa egwu dị n'uche ndị ntorobịa Naijiria. Ọ gara n'ihu kọwa ọrụ Olamide Ybnl n'ịgbanwe echiche ọgbọ na-adịbeghị anya. N'ikwu okwu n'okwu mkpọbiri Ybnl nke pụtara Yahoo Boy no Laptop nke onye rapper kpokọbara, na ọ bụ ozi siri ike nke kọwara na e nwere ọtụtụ ụzọ isi nweta ego ma e wezụga aghụghọ. Emma Ugolee gbakwụnyere na ozi a kpaliri ọtụtụ ndị ntorobịa ka ha tụlee nhọrọ nke igwe okwu kama ịghọ aghụghọ. <ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-03-23|title=Emma Ugolee says Olamide's YBNL shaped current generation's mindset|url=https://guardian.ng/life/emma-ugolee-says-olamides-ybnl-shaped-current-generations-mindset/|accessdate=2021-10-17|work=The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News|language=en-US|archivedate=2021-10-17|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211017100531/https://guardian.ng/life/emma-ugolee-says-olamides-ybnl-shaped-current-generations-mindset/}}</ref> == Akwụkwọ akụkọ == * ''A 100 Random light Bulbs''. Design Africa Concept Limited (17 Nov. 2019).  == Hụkwa == * Ndepụta ndị ọrụ mgbasa ozi Naijiria * Ndepụta ndị Igbo == Nrụtụaka == {{DEFAULTSORT:Ugolee, Emma}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 9p5bhqhqwx2vji7536is342x50pdynq 0 10999 644411 129285 2026-05-30T23:28:30Z Iwuala chisom 17246 Fixed reference errors 644411 wikitext text/x-wiki Rush == Atụmatụ == Sugsr Sisters na -achọpụta na mberede $ 800,000 n'ụlọ nwoke rụrụ arụ, Chief Douglas. N'ime ụbọchị ole na ole sochirinụ, ha na -amalite imefu ego ahụ naanị ha zute Ihe mberede ha mgbe ndị kacha mma na -abịa nara ego ahụ. Agbanyeghị, akụkọ ahụ ruru EFCC ebe ha nyere akwụkwọ ikike ịchọ ụmụnne nwanyị Sugar, mana enweghị ike ịchọta ego ọ bụla. N'amaghị maka ha Andy, enyi nwoke Sola ezurula ego ahụ. O di nwute na ka ha na -achọ iweghachi ya ego ahụ, ọ tụfuru ndụ ya na usoro ahụ ma onye ọzọ zuru ego ahụ. Gina, onye isi ndị mafia zigara ndị nwoke ya ịtọrọ ụmụnne nwanyị Sugar ma manye ha izu izute ego na "Ọdụm Ọcha", Anikulapo, nwoke ama ama maka inwe ọtụtụ akụ Naịjirịa. Onye bụkwa di Gina. Ya mere, ndị otu nwanna nwanyị Sugar tinyere ụfọdụ ndị ọrụ EFCC wee zuo ego ahụ nke ọma. Gina zutere ha na ebe nzuzo wee jụọ ya ego ya, ebe ọ zutere onye isi EFCC, onye o doro anya na ọ kwetara na ọ gburu Chief Douglas maka na ego ahụ bụ nke ya. Mana Anikulapo jidere ha wee rịọ ya ego ya. Ihe kpụ ọkụ n'ọnụ wee gbaa mgbọ. Gina tụfuru ndụ ya na usoro ahụ. Ọ dabara na ụmụnne nwanyị shuga na ndị ọrụ EFCC ji ego ahụ gbapụ. Ọ dị nwute na Anikulapo jidere ha, were ego ahụ wee rịọ ka e gbuo ha n'ọkụ. Mana ekele bụ na ha nwere ike gbapụ site n'enyemaka Bola na Sola. Ọ kwụsịrị na ebe Anikulapo chọpụtara na ego ezughị ezu na adịgboroja. Ọ dabara na ụmụnne nwanyị Sugar na nne ha hapụrụ ụlọ ha wee pụọ na mba ahụ. == Nkedo == * [[Bimbo Ademoye]] dị ka Bola Sugar * Bisola Aiyeola dị ka Sola Sugar * [[Adesua Etomi|Adesua Etomi-Wellington]] dị ka Susie Sugar * [[Idowu Philips]] dị ka Rhoda Sugar * Uzor Arukwe as Knight * Tobi Bakre dị ka Andy * Mawuli Gavor dị ka Dan * [[Toke Makinwa]] dị ka Gina * Lateef Adedimeji dị ka Kpala * [[Omoni Oboli]] as Mrs. Madueke * Banky W dị ka Anikulapo, aka White Lion * Uchemba Williams dị ka Obum * D'Banj dị ka onwe ya (ọdịdị pụrụ iche) == Mmepụta == Isi foto nke ihe nkiri a mere ụbọchị iri na anọ n'ogbe dị iche iche na [[Lagos]] . <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/jade-osiberu-completes-sugar-rush-featuring-dbanj/71kjpky|title=Jade Osiberu completes ‘Sugar Rush’ featuring D’Banj ahead of Christmas release|date=2019-10-25|work=Pulse Nigeria|language=en-US|accessdate=2020-01-08}}</ref> == Box Office == Ihe nkiri a nwetara nde ₦40 na ngwụcha izu mmalite kemgbe ewepụtara ekeresimesi wee bụrụ ihe nkiri Nollywood nke ise kacha enweta ego na 2019 na nde ₦58.76.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news |date=2019-12-31 |title=Top 5 Nollywood movies that won at the box office in 2019 |url=https://www.pulse.ng/bi/lifestyle/top-5-nollywood-movies-that-won-at-the-box-office-in-2019/20kjlsk |access-date=2020-01-08 |newspaper=[[Pulse Nigeria]]|language=en-US}}</ref> Ihe nkiri a banyere ụlọ ọgbakọ ₦100 nde na Jenụwarị 2020. == nnabata == Nollywood Reinvented gosiri na ihe nkiri ahụ bụ 51% <ref>{{Cite web|title=Sugar Rush Movie Review|url=https://www.nollywoodreinvented.com/2020/07/sugar-rush.html|work=Nollywood Reinvented|accessdate=2020-07-05}}</ref> ekwu na ihe nkiri ahụ bụ "usoro nollywood ọhụrụ ahụ kachasị ike: ngwa teknụzụ dị elu yana ndị ama ama gbakwunyere ntochi nhata blockbuster". Ọ na-eto ihe ngosi nke Bimbo Ademoye na ntụzịaka sitere na Kayode Kasum mana kwubiri na "Sugar Rush bụ nke a kọwara nke ọma dị ka ihe na-akpali akpali nke enweghị uche." Na ntụle ya, <ref>{{Cite web|title=Sugar Rush Movie Review|url=https://www.nollywoodpost.com/2020/07/08/sugar-rush-movie-a-lively-delivery/|work=Nollywood Post|accessdate=2020-07-08|archivedate=2020-07-11|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200711141759/https://www.nollywoodpost.com/2020/07/08/sugar-rush-movie-a-lively-delivery/}}</ref> Nollywood Post na-ekwu "Sugar Rush nwere ike dọta uche ndị na-ege ya ntị site na mmalite. Ọ bụ ezigbo nhọrọ ibido n'ọnọdụ ịta ahụhụ ahụ. Mmadụ na-achọ ozugbo ịchọpụta ihe butere ihe omume ahụ na nke ahụ bụ ihe kwesịrị ịja mma. Ọ bụghị naanị na ọ malitere nke ọma, mana usoro ihe omume ọchị na akụkọ ahụ na-atọkwa ụtọ nke ukwuu. " Nigerian Entertainment Today kwuru na " ''Sugar Rush'' ezughị oke mana dịka ihe nkiri na-atọ ọchị na-aga, ọ bụ ngwugwu zuru oke karịa ihe ọchị ndị ọzọ nnukwu igbe igbe ewepụtara n'ime afọ iri gara aga. O doro anya na ọ na-eme ka ọ dịkwuo mma, na-agbanye ntụzịaka ka mma ma na-agbanye mkparịta ụka na nhazi nke ọma. Ọ na-edobe ọmarịcha anya nke ọma na-enweghị ọfụfụ na-enweghị isi, nke a na-apụghị ikwu banyere fim ndị ọzọ na-atọ ọchị nke afọ iri gara aga. " <ref>{{Cite web|author=Okunola|first=Akindare|date=2020-02-15|title=A Review of Sugar Rush, The Best Nollywood Comedy Film of The Last Decade|url=https://thenet.ng/review-sugar-rush-best-nollywood-comedy-film-last-decade/|accessdate=2021-03-27|work=Nigerian Entertainment Today|language=en-US}}</ref> == Ihe nrite na nhọpụta == {| class="wikitable" !Afọ !Ihe nrite !Udi !Nsonaazụ !Nsidee |- | rowspan="9" |2020 | rowspan="9" |[[Best of Nollywood Awards]] |Onye n'ime ihe nkiri nwanyị kacha akwado – Oyibo |{{won}} | rowspan="9" |<ref>{{Cite web|last=Augoye|first=Jayne|date=2020-12-07|title=BON Awards: Laura Fidel, Kunle Remi win Best Kiss (Full List of Winners)|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/nollywood/429916-bon-awards-laura-fidel-kunle-remi-win-best-kiss-full-list-of-winners.html|url-status=live|access-date=2021-06-13|language=en-GB}}</ref> |- |Onye na-eme ihe nkiri nwanyị kacha edu –Oyibo |{{nom}} |- |Onye na-eme ihe nkiri kacha mma –Oyibi |{{nom}} |- |Ihe nkiri kacha nwee ntochi |{{nom}} |- |Onye na-eme ihe nkiri kacha ekwe nkwa |{{nom}} |- |Ihe nkiri a deziri nke ọma |{{nom}} |- |Ihe nkiri a Edesiri nke ọma |{{nom}} |- |Ihe nkiri nke afọ |{{nom}} |- |Onye ndu nke afọ |{{nom}} |} == Nsidee ==  {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * {{IMDb title|id=tt11430264}} * {{YouTube|pvoYpx6W2RM|Official trailer} hiqms2rtztdf3egqjnxyvlxn0l913ef 0 11083 644557 643780 2026-05-31T07:02:09Z King ChristLike 13051 644557 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Emanuella Samuel''' (amuru Julaị 22, 2010), nke a na- akpọkarị '''Emanuella''', bụ onye gbara afọ 11 (dị ka nke 2021) YouTube nwa na-akpa ọchị na ọwa YouTube Mark Angel. Mpụta mbụ Emmanuella bụ na ihe omume 34, nke akpọrọ "Onye ọgbaghara?" == Ọrụ == Emanuella mere ka ọ bụrụ ihe ọchị mbụ ya mgbe ọ dị afọ ise. Ọ nọ na ezumike ezinụlọ wee zute Angel. Ọ chọrọ ụfọdụ ụmụaka maka ịse ihe nkiri ya, wee kpọọ ụmụntakịrị ole na ole ọ maara maka nyocha ahụ, mana ha enweghị ike iburu ahịrị ha n'isi wee tụgharịa gakwuru Emanuella. N'agbanyeghị oge ịse vidiyo nke awa iri na asatọ, otu ihe ọ dọtara iji nwalee ntachi obi nke ụmụaka, Emanuella mere nke ọma. Mgbe nhọrọ ya gasịrị, Angel kwesịrị ime ka ndị mụrụ ya kwenye ka ọ bụrụ akụkụ nke otu Mark Angel Comedy ma nweta nkwado ha. <ref name="auto">{{Cite news|author=Odusanya|first=Rachael|title=Emanuella the talented child comedian|url=https://www.legit.ng/1193729-who-emmanuella-story.html|accessdate=17 April 2019|date=21 September 2018}}</ref> Ọ bịara mara ya nke ọma mgbe ihe nkiri skit "This is Not My Real Face Oh", bụ nke ọ na-achị ọchị banyere onye isi ụlọ akwụkwọ nye ụmụ akwụkwọ ibe ya n'amaghị na nwa akwụkwọ ahụ bụ nwa onyeisi ụlọ akwụkwọ. <ref>{{Cite news|author=Olayinka|title=Things you dont know about Comedian kid Emmanuella Samuel – Her real age, net worth, how she started Comedy and much more|url=https://www.informationng.com/2017/12/things-dont-know-comedian-kid-emmanuella-samuel-real-age-net-worth-started-comedy-much.html/amp|accessdate=17 April 2019|date=23 December 2017}}</ref> E gosipụtara obere skit a na ibe Facebook CNN. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.naijaloaded.com.ng/news/cnn-features-6-year-old-emmanuella-crowns-africas-popular-youngest-comedienne-internet|title=CNN Features 6-Year-Old Emmanuella, Crowns Her 'Africa's Most Popular Youngest Comedienne On The Internet' » Naijaloaded|date=December 14, 2016|accessdate=November 15, 2021|archivedate=November 15, 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211115085222/https://www.naijaloaded.com.ng/news/cnn-features-6-year-old-emmanuella-crowns-africas-popular-youngest-comedienne-internet}}</ref> Na 2 Eprel 2020, n'oge mkpọchi COVID-19, Emanuella, Success, na [[Regina Daniels]] gosipụtara na skit nke Ofego akpọrọ " Lockdown " na ọwa YouTube ya site na iji eserese Archive. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S46iwCmoGv0|title=LOCKDOWN (Ofego Comedy) (Episode 7) Emmanuella &#124; Aunty Success &#124; Regina Daniels}}</ref> == Ihe nrite na nkwanye ugwu == Na 2018, akpọrọ Emmanuella oku na National Assembly site na Senate President Bukola Saraki n'ihi ọdịda ya na-arụ ọrụ na ihe nkiri Disney. <ref>{{Cite news|author=Sanya|first=Ronke|title=Your Story Is An Inspiration, Saraki Tells Child Comedienne Emanuella|url=https://www.channelstv.com/2018/02/18/story-inspiration-saraki-tells-comedienne-emmanuella/|accessdate=17 April 2019|date=18 February 2018}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|author=Iroanusi|first=Queenesther|title=Saraki invites seven-year old comedienne, Emanuella, to Senate|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/more-news/259071-saraki-invites-seven-year-old-comedienne-emmanuella-to-senate.html?amp_markup=1|accessdate=17 April 2019|date=18 February 2018}}</ref> O mere ọkwa ọkwa ọrụ ya na ihe nkiri Disney na aka Instagram ya. <ref>{{Cite news|author=Metro Plus|title=Child comedienne, Emanuella, to feature in Hollywood Disney movie|url=https://punchng.com/child-commedienne-emmanuella-to-feature-in-hollywood-disney-movie/|accessdate=17 April 2019|date=18 February 2018}}</ref> N'afọ 2016, Emanuella meriri ihe nrite maka Onye Okike kacha debanyere aha sitere na YouTube na mbipụta mbido nke Sub-Saharan African YouTube Awards. O nwetakwara ihe nrite kacha mma New Comedienne & Princess of Comedy na Afro-Australia Music & Movie Awards (AAMMA). <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://silverbirdtv.com/uncategorized/35625/emmanuellas-channel-is-the-first-african-comedy-channel-to-hit-1-million-subscribers-on-youtube/|title=Emanuella's Channel Is The First African Comedy Channel To Hit 1 Million Subscribers On YouTube|date=2 June 2017|work=SilverbirdTV|language=en-US|accessdate=20 March 2019|archivedate=28 March 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190328164704/http://silverbirdtv.com/uncategorized/35625/emmanuellas-channel-is-the-first-african-comedy-channel-to-hit-1-million-subscribers-on-youtube/}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|author=Mumbere|first=Daniel|title=Nigeria's child comedian Emanuella to feature in a Disney project|url=https://www.africanews.com/2018/02/20/nigeria-s-child-comedian-emmanuella-to-feature-in-a-disney-project/|accessdate=17 April 2019|date=20 February 2018}}</ref> CNN kwadoro ya na Nọvemba 2016. N'afọ 2015, ọ meriri onyinye G-Influence Niger Delta Special Talent Award. <ref>{{Cite news|author=Ibenegbu|first=George|title=Nigeria loves this kid ☛ Comedian Emanuaella Samuel|url=https://www.legit.ng/1193729-who-emmanuella-story.html#1141756|accessdate=17 April 2019|date=22 December 2017}}</ref> Na 2018, a họpụtara ya na Davido, maka Nickelodeon 2018 Kid's Choice Awards, n'okpuru udi nke Favorite African Stars, na 2021, ọ meriri Nickelodeon Kids' Choice Award nke Favorite African Social Star <ref>{{Cite web|author=Nwajagu|first=Tochukwu|date=24 March 2018|title=Emmanuella nominated for Nickelodeon Kid's Choice Awards 2018|url=https://www.igettalk.com/2018/03/davido-emmanuella-nominated-for.html|work=I Get Talk|accessdate=15 November 2021|archivedate=15 November 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211115085215/https://igettalk.com/2018/03/davido-emmanuella-nominated-for.html}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|author=Nwajagu|first=Tochukwu|date=18 March 2021|title=I Get Talk|work=I Get Talk|url=https://www.igettalk.com/2021/03/emmanuella-wins-2021-nickelodeon-kids.html}}</ref> == Ndụ onwe onye == Emanuella bụ onye Imo steeti dị na ọwụwa anyanwụ Naijiria. A mụrụ ya na Emanuella bụ onye Imo steeti dị na ọwụwa anyanwụ Naijiria. A mụrụ ya na [[Ugwu Ọcha|Port Harcourt]] n'ime [[Ȯra Rivers|Rivers State]].<ref name="auto" /> Enweela esemokwu na mmekọrịta ya na Mark Angel, dịka ekwuru na gburugburu dị iche iche na ọ bụ nwa nwanne ya ma ụfọdụ na-ekwu na ha bụ ụmụnne. Eze Chidinma nke Buzz Nigeria.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Eze|first=Chidinma|title=10+ Unbelievable Facts about Mark Angel Comedy|url=https://buzznigeria.com/facts-mark-angel-comedy/|accessdate=17 April 2019|date=5 June 2017}}</ref> Pulse Naijiria kwukwara na Angel bụ nwanne nna Emmanuella. N'aka nke ọzọ, George Ibenegbu nke Legit.ng kwuru na ha abụọ bụ nwanne nne.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Ibenegbu|first=George|title=Nigeria loves this kid ☛ Comedian Emanuella Samuel|url=https://www.legit.ng/1193729-who-emmanuella-story.html#1141756|accessdate=17 April 2019|date=22 December 2017}}</ref> Rachael Odusanya n'akwụkwọ e mechara na legit.ng kwuru na ha anọghị n'otu.<ref name="auto" /> == Nsidee == {{Reflist}}   == Njikọ mpụga == * {{commonscatinline}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Emmanuella}} [[Òtù:Ndị si Port Harcourt]] [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 9uy303w31fk7kaj0egsr6308m9y0dgu 0 11224 644460 186765 2026-05-31T03:38:03Z Wikipedian12512 61424 Ce 644460 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Ariyike Lawal-Akinbobola''' {{Audio|Yo-Ariyike Akinbobola.ogg|Audio}} amuru 25 Eprel 1982, onye amara aha ya dika '''Ariyike Akinbobola''' bu onye ihe ngosi ihe onyonyo nke Naijiria, onye na-egosi ihe ngosi okwu, onye nlere anya, blọgụ, onye ọka iwu zụrụ azụ na onye na-eme ihe nkiri oge ụfọdụ. <ref name="Husband">{{Cite news|url=http://thenationonlineng.net/new/make-husband-chase-always-spice-tv-presenter-ariyike-akinbobola/|title=I Make my husband chase me: Spice TV Presenter, Ariyike Akinbobola|date=17 May 2014|work=The Nation Newspaper|accessdate=19 June 2014}}</ref> Kemgbe 2011, ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye na-emekọ ihe na onye na-eweta ihe nkiri TV maka Spice TV ọwa ejiji na ụdị ndụ n'elu ikpo okwu DSTV. Ọ na-akwado ihe omume flagship Spice TV 'On Couch' <ref name="otc">{{Cite news|url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2016/05/spice-tvs-on-the-couch-is-back-for-season-3-with-host-new-mum-ariyike-akinbobola/|title=Spice TV’s "On The Couch" is Back for Season 3 with Host & New Mum Ariyike Akinbobola|date=25 May 2016|work=BellaNaija|accessdate=14 September 2017}}</ref> na mgbakwunye na o mepụtala ma gosipụta Sugar na Spice, Urban Spice, Queen Beauty ozugbo na Project Swan. Ọ na-ewetakwa ihe ngosi ngwa ngwa Spice Toys. <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2014/08/tv-personality-ariyike-akinbobola-releases-pretty-new-photos-spills-on-her-big-plans/|title=TV Personality Ariyike Akinbobola releases Pretty New Photos, spills on Her Big Plans|date=26 August 2014|work=BellaNaija|accessdate=14 September 2017}}</ref> [[File:Ariyike party.jpg|thumb|Ariyike party|263x263px]] == Ndụ mbido == A mụrụ Akinbobola n'ụlọọgwụ St. Nicholas dị na Lagos, Nigeria ma bụrụ nke ise n'ime ụmụ isii Mojeed Adewale na Ladun Lawal (née Ojutalayo), bụ onye [[Ndi Yoruba|Yoruba]] . Nna ya bụ Mojeed Adewale gụrụ akwụkwọ gbasara akụnụba na mahadum Obafemi Awolowo, Ile-Ife. Ọ bụ onye ọrụ gọọmentị wee rụọ ọrụ dị iche iche na ministri dị iche iche nke Federal, laa ezumike nka n'ọkwa Director nke Fiscal Budget na Federal Ministry nke Finance. Nne ya Ladun Lawal, bụ onye akpọrọ Chief in Nigeria with the moniker 'The Yeye-oba of Iyanfoworogi-Ife', ọ bụ onye na-ahụ maka ọgwụ ma na-arụkwa obere ụlọ ọrụ na-emepụta ọgwụ na Ile-Ife, <ref name="Husband" /> Osun State, na-eji a. alaka na Lagos State. Ịhụnanya Akinbobola nwere maka ntụrụndụ malitere mgbe ọ bụ nwata. Ya na ụmụnne ya na-eji ejiji hs ji egwu egwu n'ihe omume ezinụlọ. Ọ gara ụlọ akwụkwọ Federal Home Science Primary School, Ikoyi, Lagos ebe ọ bụ onye otu Brownies Society na mgbe ọ banyere ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị na Queen's College, Lagos. N'ihi ọdịdị ọñụ na enyi ya, ọ meriri ihe nrite maka 'Miss Friendly' maka klaasị ya, n'oge klaasị ha nke 1998 n'abalị ikpeazụ nturu ugo. Mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, ọ gawara na Mahadum Lagos, Akoka ka ọ mụọ iwu. <ref name="Caro" /> == Ọrụ == N'afọ 2010, Akinbobola malitere ịdekọ ihe ngosi TV nke ya 'Reflections with Ariyike' nke enwere ike ikiri na ibe youtube ya "Ariyike weekly". Na 2011 ọ gara ule ihe nkiri maka ọrụ dị ka onye na-eweta ihe ngosi na ọdụ Satellite TV ọhụrụ - Spice TV na na June 2011, Akinbobola nwetara ọrụ Spice TV dị ka onye na-egosi TV. <ref name="Husband" /> N'afọ 2013, Akinbobola mere ihe ngosi izizi ya na usoro ihe onyonyo onyonyo nke Naijiria "Lekki wives" <ref name="Husband" /> n'akụkụ [[Kiki Omeili]] na Katherine Obiang, o mekwara pụta ìhè na usoro "Aunty Caro's bar". <ref name="Caro">{{Cite news|url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2013/02/regular-people-chilling-in-a-regular-bar-in-lagos-watch-the-trailer-for-akinsola-muses-aunty-caros-bar/|title=Regular People Chilling in a Regular Bar in Lagos! Watch the Trailer for Akinsola Muse’s "Aunty Caro’s Bar"|date=26 February 2013|work=BellaNaija|accessdate=14 September 2017}}</ref> Akinbobola kwadoro mmemme Lagos Countdown crossover n'akụkụ Ikponmwosa Osakioduwa na Quest (na 2012) yana Gbenga Adeyinka na Ill-Rhymz (na 2013). Ọ bụ gọọmentị Legọs steeti haziri mmemme a, a na-agbasakwa ya na mba Afrịka. <ref name="countdown">{{Cite news|url=https://www.promptnewsonline.com/2013-lagos-countdown-preparation-in-top-gear/|title=2013 Lagos Countdown Preparation In Top Gear|date=21 December 2013|work=Promptnewsonline|accessdate=14 September 2017}}</ref> == Ndụ onwe == Ariyike Akinbobola a luo na di wee <ref name="Husband" /> nwee ụmụ nwoke atọ. == Ihe nrite na nnabata == N'afọ 2012, e nyere Akinbobola onyinye 'Most Promising/Young TV Presenter' nke afọ<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://nigerianbroadcastersmeritawards.com/2012/12/03/and-here-are-the-winners-nigerian-broadcasters-merit-awards-2012/|archiveurl=https://archive.is/20140626122953/http://nigerianbroadcastersmeritawards.com/2012/12/03/and-here-are-the-winners-nigerian-broadcasters-merit-awards-2012/|archivedate=26 June 2014|title=And Here Are The Winners @ Nigerian Broadcasters Merit Awards 2012|date=3 December 2012|work=Nigerian Broadcasters Awards Website|accessdate=26 June 2014}}</ref> na Nigerian Broadcasters Merit Awards (NBMA), Lagos, Nigeria, ma tinyekwa ya n'afọ 2012 na 2013 maka TV presenta kachasị Mma ' <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://nigerianbroadcastersmeritawards.com/2013/10/31/verified-here-are-the-nominees-for-nigerian-broadcasters-merit-awards-2013-2/|archiveurl=https://archive.is/20140626123045/http://nigerianbroadcastersmeritawards.com/2013/10/31/verified-here-are-the-nominees-for-nigerian-broadcasters-merit-awards-2013-2/|archivedate=26 June 2014|title=VERIFIED: Here are the Nominees for Nigerian Broadcasters Merit Awards 2013|date=31 October 2013|work=Nigerian Broadcasters Awards Website|accessdate=26 June 2014}}</ref> na Nigerian Broadcasters Merit Awards, Lagos, Nigeria. Dabere na ihe ndị ọ rụzuru na 2012. N'afọ 2013, e nyere Akinbobola ihe nrite enyemaka mmadụ maka ịdị mma sitere na Magic City's Club Flames Merit Awards 2013, Lagos, Nigeria maka ịkwalite, ịkwado na ịgba ume na-abịa. {| class="wikitable" !Afọ ! Ihe omume ! Ihe nrite ! onye nnata ! Nsonaazụ |- | 2012 | Nturu ugo ndi mgbasa ozi nke Naijiria (NBMA) | 'Onye Ngosipụta TV Kachasị Mma/Na-eto Eto' | Ariyike Akinbobola | {{Won}} |- | 2012 | Nturu ugo ndi mgbasa ozi Naijiria (NBMA) | 'Onye ihe ngosi TV kacha ewu ewu' | Ariyike Akinbobola | {{Nom}} |- | 2013 | Nturu ugo ndi mgbasa ozi nke Naijiria (NBMA) | 'Onye ihe ngosi TV kacha ewu ewu' | Ariyike Akinbobola | {{Nom}} |- | 2013 | Magic City's Club Flames Merit Awards 2013 | Award Humanitarian for Excellence | Ariyike Akinbobola | {{Won}} |- | 2014 | Ụmụ nwanyị 4Africa | Ndị enyemaka mba ụwa nke afọ | Ariyike Akinbobola | {{Nom}} |- | 2014 | Ihe nrite nwanyị nke afọ (ELOY). | Ihe ngosi TV nke afọ | Ariyike Akinbobola | {{Nom}} |- |} == Nsidee == <references /> [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] ohzn75mjeznd9d8agvjmm4gvsfl52z0 0 11282 644005 115741 2026-05-30T13:29:40Z Iwuala chisom 17246 Fixed reference errors 644005 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Usòrò:Suya with pepper sauce.jpg|thumb|Suya]] Suya ma ọ bụ sire bụ anụ na-esi ísì ụtọ nke sitere na Northern Nigeria, Hausa Land ma bụrụ ihe oriri a ma ama na West Africa. Suya (nke a na-akpọkwa Soya) bụ akụkụ dị ukwuu nke ọdịbendị na nri ndị Hausa ma bụrụ nke ndị ikom Hausa 'Mai nama' (ọ bụghị ụmụ nwanyị) kwadebere ma mee n'akụkọ ihe mere eme.<ref name="Eke-2013">{{Cite web|author=EKE, IRABOR ,OKOYE|title=THE MICROBIAL STATUS OF COMMERCIAL 'SUYA' MEAT PRODUCTS IN EKPOMA, EDO, NIGERIA|url=http://www.arpjournals.com/docs/IJCR/IJCR%20volume%202%20issue%201/Paper%204.Eke%20et%20al.,%20IJCR.doc%202013%20vol%202.doc%20issue%2011.pdf|work=International Journal of Community Research|accessdate=5 April 2014|archivedate=24 September 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210924221858/http://www.arpjournals.com/docs/IJCR/IJCR%20volume%202%20issue%201/Paper%204.Eke%20et%20al.,%20IJCR.doc%202013%20vol%202.doc%20issue%2011.pdf}}</ref> A na-ejikarị anụ ehi, ebule, ma ọ bụ ọkụkọ eme Suya. A na-ejikwa eriri afọ dị ka akụrụ, imeju na eriri afọ.<ref name="Raw Story-2012">{{Cite news|author=Agence France-Presse|title=Nigerian roadside barbecue shacks thrive in the midst of Islamist insurgency|url=http://www.rawstory.com/rs/2012/05/22/nigerian-roadside-barbecue-shacks-thrive-in-the-midst-of-islamist-insurgency/|accessdate=5 April 2014|work=The Raw Story|date=22 May 2012}}</ref> A na-etinye anụ ahụ a pịrị apị n'ụdị ihe dị iche iche na-esi ísì ụtọ nke gụnyere kuki ahụekere ọdịnala nke Hausa a na-akpọ 'kwulikwuli', nnu, mmanụ akwụkwọ nri na ihe ndị ọzọ na-esi ụtọ na ihe ndị na-esi nri, wee sie ya. E nwere ọtụtụ ọdịiche nke Suya na nri ọdịnala Hausa (dị ka Balangu, Kilishi wdg), mana nke kachasị ewu ewu bụ suya. A na-ejikarị aka na-enye Suya na mgbakwunye nke ose a gwakọtara agwakọta, ihe na-esi ísì ụtọ hausa ọdịnala na yabasị e bepụrụ. A na-ejikwa ya eme ihe n'ọdịbendị Hausa na otu akụkụ nke Hausa Masa (osikapa / ọka / ọka). A na-ejikarị usoro nkwadebe anụ Halal eme ihe, ọkachasị n'akụkụ ugwu nke Naịjirịa ebe ọ malitere dị ka omenala na nri ọdịnala Hausa, ebe a maara na ebubo nke enweghị nkwekọrịta na mmachibido iwu nri ndị Alakụba na nkwadebe Suya na-akpata ọgba aghara.<ref name="Raw Story-2012" /><ref name="Jacobs-2008">{{Cite web|author=Jacobs|first=Alan|title=Suya Wars|url=http://www.firstthings.com/article/2008/01/004-suya-wars|publisher=First Things|accessdate=5 April 2014|date=18 January 2008|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140404041009/http://www.firstthings.com/article/2008/01/004-suya-wars|archivedate=4 April 2014}}</ref> A na-akpọ ụdị Suya kpọrọ nkụ [[Kilishi]].<ref name="Raw Story-2012" /> Enwere ike iri ya na Masa, Kosai, [[Gari|Garri]] ma ọ bụ Ogi. Enweghị usoro nri maka mmepụta nke ngwakọta dị mgbagwoju anya nke ihe na-esi ísì ụtọ na ihe mgbakwunye nke mejupụtara Suya marinade (nke a na-akpọ ''Yaji'') na ngwakọta ihe na-atọ ụtọ nke a na-enye ya. Ihe ndị a na-etinye nwere ike ịdị iche dabere na mmasị onye na mpaghara.<ref name="Raw Story-2012"/> Ọ bụ ezie na Suya bụ nri ọdịnala Hausa Nigeria, ọ batara n'etiti ndị Naịjirịa, na-abaghị uru maka mmadụ niile ma dị ebe niile. A na-akpọ ya ihe na-ejikọ na Naịjirịa.<ref name="Gambrell-2012">{{Cite web|author=GAMBRELL|first=Jon|title=Suya, the thin-sliced spiced meat, unites Nigeria|url=http://www.annarbor.com/entertainment/food-drink/suya-the-thin-sliced-spiced-meat-unites-nigeria/|publisher=Ann Arbor News|accessdate=2 April 2014|date=24 November 2012}}</ref> Suya aghọwo nri mba Naịjiria nke nwere mpaghara dị iche iche na-azọrọ na usoro nri ha na usoro nkwadebe ha dị elu, mana usoro nri anụ a siri esi yiri ya bụ ihe a na-ahụkarị n'ọtụtụ mba ndị dị n'Ebe Ọdịda Anyanwụ Afrịka.<ref name="Raw Story-2012">{{Cite news|author=Agence France-Presse|title=Nigerian roadside barbecue shacks thrive in the midst of Islamist insurgency|url=http://www.rawstory.com/rs/2012/05/22/nigerian-roadside-barbecue-shacks-thrive-in-the-midst-of-islamist-insurgency/|accessdate=5 April 2014|work=The Raw Story|date=22 May 2012}}</ref> == Ebenside == gwfr754jj589y5a24btnfn8ox2c4thl 0 11440 644259 148466 2026-05-30T19:51:31Z Wikipedian12512(alt) 61413 ce 644259 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Kemi Adeosun''' (amụrụ 9 Maachị 1967) bụbu onye minista na-ahụ maka ego na Naijiria bụrụkwa onye bụbu onye isi oche Board of African Export – Import Bank (AfreximBank). <ref name="bloom">{{Cite news|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2015-11-11/nigeria-s-buhari-appoints-kemi-adeosun-as-finance-minister|title=Nigeria's Buhari Picks Ex-Banker Adeosun as Finance Minister|author=Daniel Magnowski|publisher=Bloomberg business|date=11 November 2015|accessdate=11 November 2015}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://amp-pulse-ng.cdn.ampproject.org/v/s/amp.pulse.ng/news/local/kemi-adeosun-gets-int-l-job-despite-nysc-certificate-scandal-id8617111.html?amp_js_v=a2&amp_gsa=1#amp_tf=From%20%251$s&ampshare=https://www.pulse.ng/news/local/kemi-adeosun-gets-int-l-job-despite-nysc-certificate-scandal-id8617111.html|title=Kemi Adeosun gets int'l job despite NYSC certificate scandal|work=amp-pulse-ng.cdn.ampproject.org|language=en-UK|accessdate=2018-07-15}}</ref> == Ndụ mmalite na agụmakwụkwọ == A mụrụ ya na 1967 na [[London]], England site na nne na nna Nigeria, ha abụọ si [[Ȯra Ogun|Ogun State]] . <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://in.reuters.com/article/nigeria-politics-cabinet-idINL8N1362TP20151111|title=Nigeria's Buhari names banker as finance minister, swears in cabinet|date=11 Nov 2015|accessdate=11 November 2015|author=Felix Onuah|work=Reuters}}</ref> Kemi nwetara nzere bachelọ nke sayensị na Economics na Mahadum East London yana nzere Postgraduate na njikwa ego ọha na mahadum nke London . Ọ ruru eru dị ka onye Akaụntụ Chartered na Institute of Chartered Accountants na England na Wales na 1994.  == Ọrụ == Kemi Adeosun malitere ọrụ ya dị ka onye enyemaka ndekọ ego na British Telecom, [[London]], site na 1989 ruo 1990, mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị ọ gawa ra Goodman Jones, London, na-arụ ọrụ dị ka onye isi nyocha site na 1990 ruo 1993. Kemi wee bụrụ onye njikwa nke Nyocha Ime na London Underground, London na Prism Consulting site na 1994 ruo 2000 tupu ọ banye PricewaterhouseCoopers, London dị ka onye isi njikwa site na 2000 ruo 2002. Na 2002, ọ ghọrọ onye na-ahụ maka ego na Chapel Hill Denham Management ma mesịa bụrụ Onye isi Nchịkwa na 2010. Ka ya na Quo Vadis Partnership rụkọrọ ọrụ dị ka Onye isi Nchịkwa site na 2010 ruo 2011, a họpụtara ya Kọmishọna na-ahụ maka ego na [[Ȯra Ogun|steeti Ogun]] na 2011. Kemi jigidere ọrụ a site na 2011 ruo 2015. Ọ bụ akụkụ dị mkpa nke ọrụ Gọvanọ Ibikunle Amosun na -ewu, bụ nke tụgharịrị akụ na ụba steeti ahụ. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.afdb.org/en/annual-meetings-2017/speakers/kemi-adeosun/|title=Kemi Adeosun|work=African Development Bank|language=en|accessdate=2018-07-30}}</ref> N'ọnwa Nọvemba afọ 2015, Onyeisiala [[Muhammadu Buhari]] họpụtara Adeosun Kemi dịka minista na-ahụ maka ego na Naịjirịa. <ref>{{Cite news|title=President Buhari assigns his newly-appointed ministers offices|url=https://oak.tv/president-buhari-assigns-his-newly-appointed-ministers-offices/|accessdate=31 December 2016|work=oak.tv|publisher=Oak Tv}}</ref> N'ime ọgbakọ izugbe nke Afreximbank nke dị n'Abuja iji mee ncheta afọ iri abụọ na ise, a họpụtara Adeosun onyeisi oche nke ụlọ akụ ahụ. Kemi Adeosun nọchiri onyeisi oche na-apụ apụ bụ Ndagijimana Uzziel, Mịnịsta na-ahụ maka ego na [[Rwanda|mba Rwanda]] . <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.today.ng/business/finance/kemi-adeosun-elected-afreximbank-board-chairperson-132840|title=Kemi Adeosun elected Afreximbank board chairperson {{!}} TODAY.NG|date=2018-07-14|work=TODAY.NG|accessdate=2018-07-17|language=en-US}}</ref> === Ajọ akwụkwọ NYSC === Na 7 Julaị 2018, akwụkwọ akụkọ Naijiria bụ ''[[Premium Times]]'' boro ebubo na Kemi Adeosun nwetara akwụkwọ ikike NYSC ya n'ụzọ iwu na-akwadoghị iji bata n'ọkwa ọchịchị. N'ụbọchị 9 Julaị, onye isi ụlọ ọrụ mgbasa ozi na mmekọrịta ọha na eze NYSC Adeyemi Adenike wepụtara nkwupụta nke gosipụtara na Adeosun ziri ezi nyefere arịrịọ maka asambodo, ma kwukwa na nyocha ka na-aga n'ihu iji nyochaa nkwenye nke arịrịọ asambodo. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/investigationspecial-reports/275319-exclusive-finance-minister-kemi-adeosun-skips-nysc-forges-certificate.html|title=EXCLUSIVE: Finance Minister Kemi Adeosun skips NYSC, forges certificate|author=Abdulaziz|first=Abdulaziz|date=7 July 2018|work=Premium Times|accessdate=2018-07-20}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2018/07/adeosun-applied-for-exemption-certificate-nysc/|title=Adeosun applied for Exemption Certificate – NYSC|date=9 July 2018|work=Vanguard|accessdate=2018-07-20}}</ref> N'abalị iri na anọ nke ọnwa Septemba 2018, Adeosun gbara arụkwaghịm dịka Mịnịsta na-ahụ maka ego n'akwụkwọ ozi o degaara onyeisiala n'ihi asịrị eboro NYSC satificate forgery. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.dailytrust.com.ng/breaking-finance-minister-resigns.html|title=BREAKING: Finance Minister, Kemi Adeosun resigns|date=14 September 2018|work=Daily Post|accessdate=2018-09-14|archivedate=2018-09-14|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180914203231/https://www.dailytrust.com.ng/breaking-finance-minister-resigns.html}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|title=Kemi Adeosun resigns|url=https://punchng.com/breaking-kemi-adeosun-resigns/|work=Punch}}</ref> === Otu ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị === Kemi Adeosun bụ onye na-abụghị onye ndọrọndọrọ ọchịchị n'oge ọrụ ya niile, o sonye na pati na-achị [[Naijiria]], [[All Progressives Congress]] (APC), na 5 Mee 2018. <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/more-news/267339-photo-news-finance-minister-adeosun-picks-up-apc-membership-card.html|title=PHOTO NEWS: Finance Minister Adeosun picks up APC membership card|date=2018-05-05|work=Premium Times Nigeria|accessdate=2018-08-05|language=en-GB}}</ref> == Ihe omume ndị ọzọ == * African Development Bank (AfDB), Onye bụbu Office nke Board of Governors (2015-2018) <ref>[https://www.afdb.org/fileadmin/uploads/afdb/Documents/Generic-Documents/AfDB_Annual_Report_2017_EN.pdf AfDB Annual Report 2017] [[African Development Bank]] (AfDB).</ref> * Ego Nkwekọrịta Ndị Ọrụ United Nations Joint Staff Pension Fund, Onye so na kọmitii itinye ego (2018) * World Bank, Ex-Officio Alternate Member of the Board of Governors (2015-2018) <ref>[http://siteresources.worldbank.org/BODINT/Resources/278027-1215526322295/BankGovernors.pdf Board of Governors] [[World Bank]].</ref> == Ndị otu ọkachamara == * Institute of Chartered Accountants na England na Wales * Institute of Chartered Accountants of Nigeria . == Hụkwa == * Minista ego nke Naijiria == Ebbensidee == {{Reflist}}{{Reflist}}{{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * Kemi Adeosun on LinkedIn * Ministerial Screening: Kemi Adeosun on YouTube * {{Cite news|title=Nigerian govt. uncovers additional 11,000 ghost workers - OAK TV|url=https://oak.tv/nigerian-govt-uncovers-additional-11000-ghost-workers-adeosun/|accessdate=31 December 2016|work=oak.tv|publisher=Oak TV}} {{Finance Ministers of Nigeria}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Category:Ndị isi ụlọ ọrụ ụmụ nwanyị]] [[Òtù:Category:Ndị isi oche ụlọ ọrụ Naijiria]] [[Òtù:Category:Ụmụ nwanyị ndị minista gọọmenti Naijiria]] [[Òtù:Category:Ndị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ụmụ nwanyị Britain narị afọ nke 21]] [[Òtù:Category:Ndị ndọrọndọrọ ọchịchị Naijiria nke narị afọ nke iri abụọ na otu]] [[Òtù:Category:Ụmụ nwanyị minista na-ahụ maka ego]] [[Òtù:Category:Ndị nyocha ego Naịjirịa]] [[Òtù:Category:Ndị nyocha ego nke Britain]] [[Òtù:Category:Ndi oji Briten]] [[Òtù:Category:Ndị gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Mahadum London]] [[Òtù:Category:Ndị ọrụ ụlọ akụ Yoruba]] [[Òtù:Category:Ụmụ nwanyị Yoruba na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị]] [[Òtù:Category:Ndị mmadụ PricewaterhouseCoopers]] [[Òtù:Category:Ndị mmadụ British Telecom]] [[Òtù:Category:Ndị gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Mahadum East London]] [[Òtù:Category:Ndị ọchụnta ego Naijiria]] [[Òtù:Category:Ndị ụlọ akụ Naijiria]] [[Òtù:Category:Minista ego nke Naijiria]] [[Òtù:Category:Ndi bekee sitere na ndi Yoruba]] [[Òtù:Category:Ndi bekee sitere na Naijiria]] [[Òtù:Category:Ndị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị si London]] [[Òtù:Category:Ndị ọrụ ọchịchị Buhari]] [[Òtù:Category:1967 ọmụmụ]] 6vr68djmvqeu2t0coi5xrl6unhcvx2k 0 11581 644153 89386 2026-05-30T17:47:06Z Goodymeraj 16207 644153 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Elizabeth Allo Isichei''' (a mụrụ na otu puku afọ narị iteghete ịrị atọ na iteghete (1939) na Tauranga, New Zealand ) bu onye Naijiria odee, onye ọkọ akụkọ ihe mere eme na agụmakwụkwọ . <ref name="LönnrothMolin1994">{{Cite book|author=Erik Lönnroth|title=Conceptions of National History: Proceedings of Nobel Symposium 78|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uIVvQoxIHQkC&pg=PA116|year=1994|publisher=Walter de Gruyter|isbn=978-3-11-013504-6|pages=116–}}</ref> <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=http://ic.galegroup.com/ic/bic1/BiographiesDetailsPage/BiographiesDetailsWindow?failOverType=&query=&prodId=BIC1&windowstate=normal&contentModules=&display-query=&mode=view&displayGroupName=Biographies&limiter=&currPage=&disableHighlighting=false&displayGroups=&sortBy=&search_within_results=&p=BIC1&action=e&catId=&activityType=&scanId=&documentId=GALE%7CH1000049215&source=Bookmark&u=mlin_n_umass&jsid=db37884ab60a251dd69d12b8007c1010|title=Contemporary Authors Online|author=|first=|date=2014|work=Biography in Context|publisher=Gale|accessdate=9 March 2016}}</ref> Nne na nna ya bụ Albert (onye ọkà mmụta sayensị ugbo) na Lorna Allo. <ref name=":0" /> Na abalị ịrị abụọ na atọ nke ọnwa Julaị na afọ otu puku narị iteghete ịrị isi na anọ (1964) ọ lụrụ Uche Peter Isichei (onye na-ahụ maka ọrịa kemịkalụ) ma ha mụtara ụmụ ise. <ref name=":0" /> Na na afọ otu puku narị iteghete ịrị ise na iteghete (1959) o nwetara nzere nke BA ya na Mahadum Canterbury dị na New Zealand, BA <ref name=":0" /> Na afọ otu puku narị iteghete na iri ịsịi na otu (1961) ọ gụchara MA na Mahadum Victoria nke Wellington, New Zealand, e ruo na afọ otu puku narị iteghete na iri isii na asaa (1967) ọ mesia PhD na Mahadum Oxford. <ref name=":0" /> Ọ bụbu nnukwu ọka mmụta Prọfesọ nke ọmụmụ okpukperechi na Mahadum Otago . <ref name="Isichei1997">{{Cite book|author=Elizabeth Isichei|title=A History of African Societies to 1870|url=https://archive.org/details/historyofafrican00isic|date=13 April 1997|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-0-521-45599-2|pages=[https://archive.org/details/historyofafrican00isic/page/n595 582]–}}</ref> Ọ bụrịị nnukwu oka mmụta prọfesọ na ngalaba akụkọ ihe mere eme, Mahadum Jos na [[Jos|Jos, Nigeria]] kemgbe otu puku afọ narị iteghete na iri asaa na isii (1976). <ref name=":0" /> Ọ bụ onye nchịkọta akụkọ izugbe nke ''Jos Oral History and Literature Texts'' . <ref name=":0" /> Ọrụ ya na akwụkwọ ya gbadoro ụkwụ na Ụka Kraịst na Afrịka na akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Naijiria karịsịa ndị [[Ndị Ìgbò|Igbo]] . <ref name="Ogbaa1999">{{Cite book|author=Kalu Ogbaa|title=Understanding Things Fall Apart: A Student Casebook to Issues, Sources, and Historical Documents|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wDHuv7cJ24kC&pg=PA66|date=30 January 1999|publisher=ABC-CLIO|isbn=978-1-57356-667-4|pages=66–}}</ref> == Ọrụ ahọpụtara == * 1964: ''Echiche ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na Ahụmahụ Ọha na Ọha: Ụfọdụ nkọwa Ndị Kraịst nke Alaeze Ukwu Rom'', Mahadum Canterbury Publications * 1970: ''Victorian Quakers'', Oxford University Press * 1973: ''Ndị Ibo na ndị Europe: Mmalite nke Mmekọrịta, ruo 1906'', St. Martin's * 1976: ''Akụkọ Gbasara Ndị Igbo'', St. Martin * 1977: ''Akụkọ gbasara West Africa kemgbe 1800'', Africana * 1977: ''Ụwa Igbo: Akwụkwọ akụkọ gbasara akụkọ nke ọnụ na nkọwa akụkọ ihe mere eme'', Ụlọ Ọrụ Na-amụ maka Ihe Ndị Mmadụ * 1981: K''pam Kpam maka Chukwu: Ndụ Michael Iwene Tansi'', Macmillan Nigeria * 1982: ''Ọmụmụ na akụkọ gbasara Plateau State, Nigeria'', Macmillan * 1983: ''Akụkọ gbasara Naijiria,''Longman * 1995: ''Akụkọ banyere Ụka Kraịst na Africa: Site n'oge ochie ruo ugbu a'', Africa World Press * 1997: ''Akụkọ gbasara obodo ndi Afrịka ruo 1870'', Cambridge University Press * 2002: ''Olu ndị ogbenye na Africa'', Mahadum Rochester Press (Rochester, NY) * 2004: ''Omenala Okpukpe nke Africa: Akụkọ'', Raeger (Westport, CT) * 2005: ''Stoptide, Steele Roberts'' (New Zealand) == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Isichei, Elizabeth}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] qrg37ucautrxlcwvyrprb3ewzjspzun 0 11665 644491 577998 2026-05-31T05:46:48Z King ChristLike 13051 King ChristLike moved page [[Eze Nri Ènweleána II Obidiegwu Onyeso]] to [[Ènweleána II Obidiegwu Onyeso]]: Misspelled title 577998 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Eze Ènweleána II Obidiegwu Onyesoh''' bụ Nke iri na isii <ref>{{Cite web|title=LIST OF EZE – NRI (KINGS OF NRI) AND ORDER OF REIGN|url=http://www.nrikingdom.com/pages/ndiezenri.php|work=NRI KINGDOM|publisher=Nrikingdom.com|accessdate=20 January 2021|archivedate=17 January 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210117120626/http://www.nrikingdom.com/pages/ndiezenri.php}}</ref> e dekọrọ, ma na-achị ugbu a, Eze Nri nke [[Anieze Nri|Alaeze Nri]] na ndịda ọwụwa anyanwụ [[Naijiria]] nke oge a. Ọ na-achị ndị fọdụrụ nke otu n'ime alaeze kacha ochie na Naijiria ugbu a, ma na-ejigide emume dị mkpa dị ka akara nke otu n'ime ndị obodo ahụ kacha mkpa na akụkọ ihe mere eme. == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] nv33i9dmvjp2qqh7n6jsn1f5d95l4we 644493 644491 2026-05-31T05:47:26Z King ChristLike 13051 added {{DEFAULTSORT}} 644493 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Eze Ènweleána II Obidiegwu Onyesoh''' bụ Nke iri na isii <ref>{{Cite web|title=LIST OF EZE – NRI (KINGS OF NRI) AND ORDER OF REIGN|url=http://www.nrikingdom.com/pages/ndiezenri.php|work=NRI KINGDOM|publisher=Nrikingdom.com|accessdate=20 January 2021|archivedate=17 January 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210117120626/http://www.nrikingdom.com/pages/ndiezenri.php}}</ref> e dekọrọ, ma na-achị ugbu a, Eze Nri nke [[Anieze Nri|Alaeze Nri]] na ndịda ọwụwa anyanwụ [[Naijiria]] nke oge a. Ọ na-achị ndị fọdụrụ nke otu n'ime alaeze kacha ochie na Naijiria ugbu a, ma na-ejigide emume dị mkpa dị ka akara nke otu n'ime ndị obodo ahụ kacha mkpa na akụkọ ihe mere eme. == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Onyesoh, Obidiegwu}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] r6jpm8fo6jn7cvo0zvpnqtre7bwyc2j 0 12146 644064 145740 2026-05-30T15:05:26Z Neme244 16387 added DEFAULTSORT 644064 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Emma Huismans''' (amuru Julaị 10, afo 1947) bu onye odee, odeakụkọ na onye amuru na [[Netherlands]] . <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.let.leidenuniv.nl/Dutch/ModerneLetterkunde/Huismans1.html|title=Scriptie over Huismans|work=www.let.leidenuniv.nl|accessdate=2018-05-06}}</ref> Mgbe ọ dị afọ ise ezinụlọ ya kwagara South Afrika ebe ọ mụtara Afrikaans. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://biografieportaal.nl/author/emma-huismans/|title=Emma Huismans, auteur op Biografieportaal|work=Biografieportaal|language=nl-NL|accessdate=2018-05-06}}</ref> O mechara bụrụ onye nta akụkọ maka Akụkọ Crisis . Mgbalị ya megide ịkpa ókè agbụrụ gbagwojuru anya site na ọ bụ onye ọcha, Afrikaans, na nwanyị nwanyị nwere mmasị nwanyị . A na-eme nke a n'ọrụ mbụ ya ''Berigte van weerstand.'' (English translation: ''Reports of resistance'' ) <ref name="Bertens1997">{{Cite book|author=Bertens|first=Hans|title=International postmodernism: theory and literary practice|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=n_Eqx2Gr1vUC&pg=PA487|accessdate=8 August 2011|year=1997|publisher=John Benjamins Publishing Company|isbn=978-90-272-3445-2|pages=487–}}</ref> Mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, o mere akwụkwọ akụkọ ole na ole, mana ọ na-eme nke ọma na akụkọ ifo. A na-ewerekarị ọrụ ya iwe na nkụda mmụọ maka ihe isi ike nke South Africa mgbe ọchịchị ịkpa ókè agbụrụ gasịrị. == Akwụkwọ akụkọ == * ''Berigte van Weerstand'' (1990) * ''Ihe achọrọ maka afọ'' (1992) * ''Werken zutere wekelijkheid'' (1993) * ''Sonate vir wraak'' (1994) == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * [http://www.postcolonialweb.org/sa/viljoen/6.html Weebụ postcolonial] * [http://www.dbnl.org/auteurs/auteur.php?id=huis014 Akwụkwọ akụkọ (Na Dutch)] * [http://www.let.leidenuniv.nl/Dutch/ModerneLetterkunde/Huismans1.html Ozi ndị ọzọ (na Dutch)] {{DEFAULTSORT:Huismans, Emma}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] c85my52h4o4axbk2lo3tq1z3cf7oqr0 0 12585 644550 94748 2026-05-31T06:45:30Z Geraldine Kene 23189 Fixed reference error 644550 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox }} Yvette Cooper (amụrụ ya na abalị iri na abuo na onwa atọ, na afọ 1969) bụ onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị mba Britain na-eje ozi dị ka odeakwụkwọ ụlọ Shadow kemgbe 2021, na mbụ site na 2011 ruo 2015. Ọ jere ozi na Gordon Brown 's Cabinet dị ka onye isi odeakwụkwọ na Treasury site na 2008 ruo 2009 yana odeakwụkwọ ọrụ na ụgwọ ezumike nka site na 2009 ruo 2010. Onye otu Labour Party, ọ bụbu onye otu nzuko omeiwu (MP) maka Normanton, Pontefract na Castleford, na mbụ Pontefract na Castleford, kemgbe 1997 . Cooper bụ onye omebe iwu n'okpuru odeakwụkwọ steeti na ngalaba atọ n'okpuru Prime Minister Tony Blair site na 1999 ruo 2005. Ebuliri ya ka ọ bụrụ onye isi ala maka Housing na Planning na 2005, ma debe ya n'ọrụ mgbe Gordon Brown ghọrọ Prime Minister na 2007. Na 2008, a họpụtara ya na Brown's Cabinet dị ka Chief Secretary na Treasury, tupu ebuli ya na Secretary nke State for Work and Pensions na 2009. Mgbe ndị ọrụ kwụsịrị ntuli aka izugbe nke 2010, Cooper jere ozi na Ed Miliband 's Shadow Cabinet dị ka Shadow Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs site na 2010 ruo 2011. Na 2011, di ya Ed Balls kwalitere na Shadow Chancellor of Exchequer ; Cooper nọchiri anya bọọlụ dị ka odeakwụkwọ ụlọ Shadow wee jee ozi ruo mgbe Labour tụfuru ntuli aka izugbe 2015 . Na 13 Mee 2015, Cooper kwupụtara na ọ ga-agba ọsọ ịbụ onye ndu nke Labour Party na ntuli aka onye isi na-esote arụkwaghịm nke Miliband. <ref>{{Cite news|date=13 May 2015|title=Yvette Cooper announces candidacy for Labour leadership|work=The Guardian|url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2015/may/13/yvette-cooper-announces-candidacy-for-labour-leadership|accessdate=4 June 2015}}</ref> Cooper bịara nke atọ na 17.0% nke votu na agba nke mbụ, meriri Jeremy Corbyn . <ref name="autogenerated1">{{Cite news|author=Kuenssberg|first=Laura|date=12 September 2015|title=Jeremy Corbyn wins Labour leadership contest|work=BBC News|publisher=BBC|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-34223157|accessdate=12 September 2015}}</ref> Cooper mechara arụkwaghịm dị ka odeakwụkwọ ụlọ Shadow na Septemba 2015. Cooper bụ onye isi oche kọmitii ahọpụtara ihe gbasara ụlọ site na 2016 ruo 2021. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|date=October 2016|title=Yvette Cooper elected Chair of Home Affairs Committee|url=https://www.parliament.uk/business/committees/committees-a-z/commons-select/home-affairs-committee/news-parliament-2015/chair-elected-october-2016/|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161022094605/https://www.parliament.uk/business/committees/committees-a-z/commons-select/home-affairs-committee/news-parliament-2015/chair-elected-october-2016/|archivedate=22 October 2016|accessdate=21 October 2016|work=UK Parliament}}</ref> Dị ka onye na-azụ azụ, Copper chọrọ ugboro ugboro ịgbatị Nkeji edemede 50 iji gbuo oge Brexit . Ọ ghọrọ odeakwụkwọ ụlọ nke Shadow ọzọ na ngbanwe Keir Starmer 's Nọvemba 2021 . == Ndụ mmalite na agụmakwụkwọ == A mụrụ Cooper na 20 Maachị 1969 na Inverness, Scotland. Nna ya bụ Tony Cooper, onye bụbu odeakwụkwọ ukwu nke Òtù Na-ahụ Maka Ndị Ọrụ Na-ahụ Maka Ụlọ Ọrụ, onye bụbu onye isi na-abụghị onye isi nchịkwa nke Ụlọ Ọrụ Na-ahụ Maka Ngwá Agha Nuklia na onye bụbu onyeisi oche nke Ụlọ Ọrụ Na-ahụ Maka Ngwá Agha Nuclear Britain . <ref>{{Cite web|date=20 February 2009|title=Yvette Cooper Official website|url=http://www.yvettecooper.com/about-yvette|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100928002851/http://www.yvettecooper.com/about-yvette|archivedate=28 September 2010|accessdate=28 September 2010|work=Yvette Cooper MP}}</ref> Ọ bụkwa onye ndụmọdụ gọọmentị na Panel Advisory Energy. <ref>{{Cite web|date=28 June 2002|title=Tony Cooper is new Chairman of BNIF|url=http://www.niauk.org/news/latest-nuclear-news/tony-cooper-is-new-chairman-of-bnif.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090610003242/http://www.niauk.org/news/latest-nuclear-news/tony-cooper-is-new-chairman-of-bnif.html|archivedate=10 June 2009|publisher=[[Nuclear Industry Association]]}}</ref> Nne ya, June, bụ onye nkuzi mgbakọ na mwepụ. <ref name="guardian-20150813">{{Cite news|author=Brooks|first=Libby|date=13 August 2015|title=Yvette Cooper profile: 'You don't have to choose between head and heart'|work=The Guardian|url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2015/aug/13/yvette-cooper-profile-you-dont-have-to-choose-between-head-and-heart|accessdate=13 August 2015}}</ref> Ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ na Eggar's School, ụlọ akwụkwọ zuru oke na Holybourne, na Alton College, ha abụọ na Alton, Hampshire . Ọ gụrụ Philosophy, ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na akụnụba na kọleji Balliol, Oxford, wee nweta akara ugo mmụta nsọpụrụ nke mbụ. <ref name="theguardian">{{Cite news|author=Cooke|first=Rachel|date=1 March 2014|title=Yvette Cooper interview: Labour's quiet contender|work=The Guardian|url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2014/mar/02/yvette-cooper-interview-labours-quiet-contender|accessdate=1 June 2013}}</ref> Ọ nwetara akara ugo mmụta Kennedy na 1991 ka ọ gụọ akwụkwọ na Mahadum Harvard, wee gụchaa akwụkwọ mmụta postgraduate ya na MSc na Economics na London School of Economics . <ref name=":2">{{Cite web|title=Woman's Hour Power List – Rt Hon Yvette Cooper MP|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/profiles/4hHkzyPDQvxFZxY2f1BlKt5/rt-hon-yvette-cooper-mp|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190424160736/https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/profiles/4hHkzyPDQvxFZxY2f1BlKt5/rt-hon-yvette-cooper-mp|archivedate=24 April 2019|accessdate=9 July 2019|work=BBC Radio 4|publisher=BBC}}</ref> == Ọrụ mmalite == Cooper malitere ọrụ ya dị ka onye nyocha amụma amụma akụ na ụba maka Shadow Chancellor John Smith na 1990 tupu ọ rụọ ọrụ na [[Arkinsọ|Arkansas]] maka Bill Clinton, onye nhọpụta nke Democratic Party maka Onye isi ala United States, na 1992. Mgbe afọ ahụ gasịrị, ọ ghọrọ onye ndụmọdụ ndụmọdụ nke Shadow Chief Secretary to Treasury, Harriet Harman . <ref name="theguardian">{{Cite news|author=Cooke|first=Rachel|date=1 March 2014|title=Yvette Cooper interview: Labour's quiet contender|work=The Guardian|url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2014/mar/02/yvette-cooper-interview-labours-quiet-contender|accessdate=1 June 2013}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFCooke2014">Cooke, Rachel (1 March 2014). [https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2014/mar/02/yvette-cooper-interview-labours-quiet-contender "Yvette Cooper interview: Labour's quiet contender"]. ''The Guardian''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20140302041032/http://www.theguardian.com/politics/2014/mar/02/yvette-cooper-interview-labours-quiet-contender Archived] from the original on 2 March 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 June</span> 2013</span>.</cite></ref> Mgbe ọ dị afọ 24, Cooper mepụtara ọrịa ike ọgwụgwụ na-adịghị ala ala, nke were ya otu afọ iji gbakee. <ref name="guardian-20150813">{{Cite news|author=Brooks|first=Libby|date=13 August 2015|title=Yvette Cooper profile: 'You don't have to choose between head and heart'|work=The Guardian|url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2015/aug/13/yvette-cooper-profile-you-dont-have-to-choose-between-head-and-heart|accessdate=13 August 2015}}</ref> Na 1994 ọ kwagara ịghọ onye nyocha na Center for Economic Performance . Na 1995, ọ ghọrọ onye nta akụkọ gbasara akụ na ụba nke ''The Independent'', nọgidere na akwụkwọ akụkọ ruo mgbe nhoputa ya na House of Commons na 1997. <ref name="theguardian">{{Cite news|author=Cooke|first=Rachel|date=1 March 2014|title=Yvette Cooper interview: Labour's quiet contender|work=The Guardian|url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2014/mar/02/yvette-cooper-interview-labours-quiet-contender|accessdate=1 June 2013}}</ref> == Onye omeiwu == A họpụtara Cooper ka ọ bụrụ onye ọrụ nchekwa nke Pontefract na Castleford na ntuli aka izugbe na afọ 1997, mgbe osote Ọkà Okwu Geoffrey Lofthouse kwuputara ezumike nka ya. O ji otutu vootu 25,725 jigidere oche maka Labour, ma kwuo okwu nwata ya na Commons na 2 Julaị 1997, na-ekwu maka mgba nke mpaghara ya na enweghị ọrụ. <ref>{{Cite web|title=House of Commons Debates 2 July 1997 col 387–91|url=https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm199798/cmhansrd/vo970702/debtext/70702-39.htm#70702-39_spnew0|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120716182344/http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm199798/cmhansrd/vo970702/debtext/70702-39.htm#70702-39_spnew0|archivedate=16 July 2012|accessdate=28 July 2012|work=[[Hansard]]}}</ref> O jere ozi afọ abụọ na Kọmitii Nhọrọ nke Mmụta na Ọrụ . Mgbe Gordon Brown ghọrọ Prime Minister, a kpọrọ Cooper ka ọ bịa nzukọ ndị minista dị ka onye minista na-ahụ maka ụlọ. Obere oge ka ọ nwetarq ọrụ ahụ, a chọrọ ka ọ webata atụmatụ HIPS . Dị ka onye na-ede akwụkwọ akụkọ Conservative Matthew Parris si kwuo, Cooper tụrụ ime HIPS ma zere ịkatọ kpọmkwem maka nsogbu ya n'ihi njikọ ya na Brown. <ref>{{Cite news|author=Parris|first=Matthew|date=31 May 2007|title=Why heroic Ruth should have been in Gordon's book|work=[[The Times]]|url=http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/comment/columnists/matthew_parris/article1862784.ece}}</ref> [[Usòrò:Yvette_Cooper_Ministerial_portrait.jpg|áká_èkpè|thumb| Cooper dị ka onye minista na-ahụ maka ụlọ na 2007]] Gọọmentị ndị ọrụ n'okpuru Brown achọpụtala ụlọ dị ọnụ ala dịka otu n'ime ebumnauche ya. Na ọnwa nke asaa na afọ 2007, Cooper kwupụtara na House of Commons na "ọ gwụla ma anyị na-eme ihe ugbu a, site na afọ 2026 ndị na-azụ ahịa oge mbụ ga-achọpụta na ọnụ ahịa ụlọ dị okpukpu iri karịa ụgwọ ọnwa ha. Nke ahụ nwere ike ịkpata enweghị ahaghị nhata n'etiti ọha na eze na ikpe na-ezighị ezi. Akụkụ ọ bụla nke mba ahụ chọrọ ụlọ dị ọnụ ala karịa - na North na South, n'ime obodo na ime obodo." Na afọ 2008, Cooper ghọrọ nwanyị mbụ na-eje ozi dị ka Chief Secretary na Treasury ebe o tinyere aka na ibu Northern Rock n'ime ọha mmadụ. Dị ka di ya, Ed Balls, abụrụlarị onye minista, nkwalite ya pụtara na ha abụọ ghọrọ di na nwunye mbụ ga-anọdụ n'ụlọ ọrụ ọnụ. <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk_politics/7642459.stm|date=30 November 2009|title=The Cabinet: Who's Who|work=BBC News|accessdate=20 November 2011}}</ref> Na afọ 2015, a họpụtara ya dị ka otu n'ime ndị na-eme ntuli aka anọ maka ndị ọrụ Labour na-esote mmeri nke otu ahụ na ntuli aka n'ozuzu 2015 na arụkwaghịm nke Ed Miliband . Ndị omeiwu 59, ndị omeiwu 12, 109 CLP, otu ndị ọrụ abụọ jikọrọ aka na otu ọha mmadụ . <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.newstatesman.com/politics/2015/06/who-nominated-who-2015-labour-leadership-election|title=Who nominated who for the 2015 Labour leadership election?|date=15 June 2015|work=New Statesman|accessdate=26 March 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150705074349/http://www.newstatesman.com/politics/2015/06/who-nominated-who-2015-labour-leadership-election|archivedate=5 July 2015}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.newstatesman.com/politics/2015/07/which-clps-are-nominating-who-labour-leadership-contest|title=Which CLPs nominated who in the 2015 Labour leadership contest?|date=1 August 2015|work=New Statesman|accessdate=26 March 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170312040808/http://www.newstatesman.com/politics/2015/07/which-clps-are-nominating-who-labour-leadership-contest|archivedate=12 March 2017}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://labourlist.org/2016/08/which-unions-have-backed-corbyn-or-smith-in-the-labour-leadership-contest/|title=Which unions have backed Corbyn or Smith in the Labour leadership contest?|date=11 August 2016|work=LabourList|accessdate=26 March 2017}}</ref> ''Akwụkwọ akụkọ Guardian'' kwadoro Cooper dị ka "onye kachasị mma" iji nye ọhụụ siri ike ma jikọta nnọkọ ahụ mgbe nkwenye ''New Statesman'' toro ahụmahụ ya. <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2015/aug/13/guardian-view-labour-leadership-choice-yvette-cooper-jeremy-corbyn|title=The Guardian view on Labour's choice: Corbyn has shaped the campaign, but Cooper can shape the future|date=13 August 2015|work=The Guardian|accessdate=26 March 2017}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.newstatesman.com/politics/2015/08/ns-leader-choice-labour|title=The NS Leader: the choice before Labour|date=19 August 2015|work=New Statesman|accessdate=26 March 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170228063853/http://www.newstatesman.com/politics/2015/08/ns-leader-choice-labour|archivedate=28 February 2017}}</ref> Onye bụbu Mịnịsta Ala Gordon Brown kwadoro Cooper n'ihu ọha dị ka nhọrọ mbụ ya maka onye ndu, dị ka onye bụbu odeakwụkwọ ụlọ Alan Johnson mere . <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/labour-leadership-gordon-brown-endorses-yvette-cooper-as-andy-burnham-warns-wrong-choice-could-bring-two-decades-of-the-tories-10470276.html|title=Gordon Brown endorses Yvette Cooper for Labour leader as Andy Burnham warns wrong choice could bring 'two decades of the Tories'|work=[[The Independent]]|author=Kunal Dutta|date=25 August 2015|accessdate=26 August 2015}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/2015/08/03/alan-johnson-to-back-yvet_n_7927736.html|title=Alan Johnson To Back Yvette Cooper For Labour Leader|author=Waugh|first=Paul|date=3 August 2015|work=HuffPost|accessdate=26 March 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170327080230/http://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/2015/08/03/alan-johnson-to-back-yvet_n_7927736.html|archivedate=27 March 2017}}</ref> === Starmer Shadow Cabinet: 2021– dị ugbu a === Cooper lụrụ Ed Balls na 10 Jenụwarị 1998 <ref>{{Cite book|title=Debrett's People of Today 2011|url=http://www.exacteditions.com/exact/browse/455/1210/7772/3/113|edition=Extract Editions|year=2011|accessdate=8 August 2011}}</ref> na Eastbourne . Di ya bụ odeakwụkwọ akụ na ụba na akụ na gọọmentị Tony Blair na odeakwụkwọ nke steeti maka ụmụaka, ụlọ akwụkwọ na ezinụlọ n'okpuru Gordon Brown, mgbe ahụ na mmegide bụ Shadow Chancellor nke Exchequer na onye ndoro-ndoro na ntuli aka onye isi nke ndị ọrụ 2010 . Di na nwunye ahụ nwere ụmụ nwanyị abụọ (Ellie na Maddie) na otu nwa nwoke (Joel). <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/1338650/Health-minister-celebrates-birth.html|title=Health minister celebrates birth|work=The Daily Telegraph|date=27 August 2001|accessdate=14 June 2010}}</ref> Cooper ebipụtala akwụkwọ abụọ akpọrọ 'Ọ Na-ekwu: Ike nke olu ụmụ nwanyị' na 'Ọ na-ekwu: Okwu ụmụ nwanyị nke gbanwere ụwa, site na Pankhurst ruo Greta' ewepụtara na Nọvemba 2019 na Ọktọba 2020 n'otu n'otu. <ref>{{Cite web|title=She Speaks: Women's Speeches That Changed the World, from Pankhurst to Greta by Yvette Cooper|url=https://www.waterstones.com/book/she-speaks/yvette-cooper/9781786499943|work=Waterstones}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=She Speaks: Power of Women's voices by Yvette Cooper.|url=https://www.booktopia.com.au/she-speaks-yvette-cooper/book/9781786499929.html|work=Booktopia}}</ref> == Ntụaka == <references /> # {{Reflist|colwidth=30em}} <references /> [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] == Mmalite ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ == A mụrụ Cooper na abalị iri abụo na onwa nke ato na afọ 1969 na Inverness, Scotland. Nna ya bụ Tony Cooper, onye bụbu odeakwụkwọ ukwu nke otu ndị ọrụ Atụmanya, onye bụ onye isi na-abụghị onye isi nke Nuclear Decommissioning Authority na onye bụbu onye isi oche nke British Nuclear Industry Forum. Ọ bụkwa onye ndụmọdụ gọọmentị na Energy Advisory Panel. Nne ya, June, bụ onye nkuzi mgbakọ na mwepụ.<ref name="guardian-20150813">{{cite news |last=Brooks |first=Libby |date=13 August 2015 |title=Yvette Cooper profile: 'You don't have to choose between head and heart' |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2015/aug/13/yvette-cooper-profile-you-dont-have-to-choose-between-head-and-heart |url-status=live |access-date=13 August 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150813074616/http://www.theguardian.com/politics/2015/aug/13/yvette-cooper-profile-you-dont-have-to-choose-between-head-and-heart |archive-date=13 August 2015}}</ref> Ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ na Eggar's School, ụlọ akwụkwọ zuru oke na Holybourne, na Alton College, ha abụọ dị na Alton, Hampshire. Ọ gụrụ nkà ihe ọmụma, ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na akụ na ụba na Balliol College, Oxford, ma gụsịrị akwụkwọ na akara ugo mmụta nke mbụ. O ritere Kennedy Scholarship na afọ1991 iji gụọ akwụkwọ na Mahadum Harvard, ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ ya na MSc na Economics na London School of Economics. == Mmalite ọrụ == Cooper malitere ọrụ ya dị ka onye na-eme nchọpụta iwu akụ na ụba maka Shadow Chancellor John Smith na afọ 1990 tupu ọ rụọ ọrụ na [[Arkinsọ|Arkansas]] maka Bill Clinton, onye a họpụtara ya na Democratic Party maka onye isi ochichi nke mba United States, na afo 1992. Dị ka oji di n'afọ ahụ, ọ ghọrọ onye ndụmọdụ iwu nke onye isi odeakwụkwọ na Ebe ana echekwa ego, Harriet Harman.<ref name="theguardian" /> Mgbe ọ dị afọ iri abụọ na anọ, Cooper malitere ọrịa ike ọgwụgwụ na-adịghị ala ala, nke ọrịa ra ma gbake kwa na otu afo. Na afọ 1994, ọ kwagara ịghọ onye na-eme nnyocha na Centre for Economic Performance. Na afọ 1995, ọ ghọrọ onye isi na-ede akụkọ akụ na ụba nke ''The Independent'', na-anọ na akwụkwọ akụkọ ahụ ruo mgbe a họpụtara ya na House of Commons na afọ 1997.<ref name="theguardian" /> == Ndụ onwe onye == Cooper lụrụ Ed Balls na abalị iri na onwa nke mbu, na afọ 1998 na Eastbourne. Di ya bụ odeakwụkwọ akụ na ụba na ebe ana echekwa ego na gọọmentị Tony Blair na odeakwụkwọ nke steeti maka ụmụaka, ụlọ akwụkwọ na ezinụlọ n'okpuru Gordon Brown, mgbe ahụ na mmegide bụ Shadow Chancellor of the Exchequer na onye na-azọ ọkwa na ntuli aka ndị isi Labour Party nke afọ 2010. Di na nwunye a nwere ụmụ nwanyị abụọ (Ellie na Maddie) na otu nwa nwoke (Joel). Cooper ebipụtala akwụkwọ abụọ akpọrọ 'She Speaks: The power of Women's voices' na 'She Speaks: Women's Speeches Nke gbanwere uwa, site na Pankhurst rue Greta' nke ewepụtara na onwa nke iri na otu na afọ 2019 na onwa nke iri na afọ 2020 n'otu n'otu. == Onye omeiwu == A họpụtara Cooper ịzọ ọkwa onye ọrụ nchekwa nke Pontefract na Castleford na ntuli aka n'ozuzu na afọ 1997, mgbe osote onye isi okwu Geoffrey Lofthouse kwupụtara ezumike nká ya. Ọ nọgidere na oche maka ndị ọrụ na ọtụtụ votu 25,725, ma kwuo okwu izizi ya na Commons na onwa asaa, na afo 1997, na-ekwu banyere ọgụ mpaghara ya na enweghị ọrụ. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ afọ abụọ na Kọmitii Mmụta na Ọrụ. === Gọọmentị Blair na Brown: 1999–2010 === Na afọ 1999, a kwalitere ya dị ka onye odeakwụkwọ nke ndị omeiwu na Ngalaba Ahụike. Dị ka onye ozi ahụike, Cooper nyere aka mejuputa mmemme Sure Start. Na ọkwa a, ọ bụkwa onye ozi gọọmentị Britain mbụ n'akụkọ ihe mere eme iji were ezumike ọmụmụ. Site na afọ 2002 rue na afọ 2003, Cooper bụ odeakwụkwọ ndị omeiwu nke Ngalaba Lord Chancellor. Na afọ 2003, ọ ghọrọ onye odeakwụkwọ ndị omeiwu na-ahụ maka mmegharị na ụlọ ọrụ nke osote onye isi ala na-ahụ maka mmegharị coalfield. Mgbe ntuli aka nke afọ 2005 gasịrị, a kwalitere ya ka ọ bụrụ Mịnịsta, dị ka Mịnịsta nke Steeti maka Ụlọ na Atụmatụ nke dị na Ngalaba Maka Obodo na Gọọmenti Obodo site na 2006. Mgbe Gordon Brown ghọrọ Prime Minister, a kpọrọ Cooper ka ọ gaa nzukọ kabinet dị ka Housing Minister. N'oge na-adịghị anya mgbe ọ malitere ọrụ ahụ, a chọrọ ka ọ webata atụmatụ HIPS. Dị ka onye edemede Conservative Matthew Parris si kwuo, Cooper tụụrụ ime HIPS mana ọ zere nkatọ kpọmkwem maka nsogbu ya n'ihi njikọ ya na Brown. [[File:Yvette_Cooper_Ministerial_portrait.jpg|áká_èkpè|thumb|Cooper dị ka Mịnịsta na-ahụ maka ụlọ na afo 2007]] Gọọmentị ndị ọrụ na okpuru Brown achọpụtala ụlọ dị ọnụ ala dị ka otu n'ime ebumnuche ya. Na ọnwa nke asaa, na afọ 2007, Cooper kwupụtara na House of Commons na "ọ gwụla ma anyị na-eme ihe ugbu a, site na afọ 2026 ndị na-azụ ahịa oge mbụ ga-ahụ ọnụ ahịa ụlọ nkezi okpukpu iri nke ụgwọ ọrụ ha. Nke ahụ nwere ike ibute elekọta mmadụ ahaghị nhata na ikpe na-ezighị ezi. Mba ọbụla chọrọ ụlọ ndị dị ọnụ ala karị - na North, na South, n'obodo ukwu na ime obodo. Na afọ 2008, Cooper ghọrọ nwanyị mbụ jere ozi dị ka onye isi odeakwụkwọ na ebe ana echekwa ego. O tinyere aka na iwere Northern Rock n'aka ọha. Dị ka di ya, Ed Balls, bụ onye minista, nkwalite ya pụtara na ha abụọ ghọrọ di na nwunye mbụ nọ na kabinet ahu. Na afọ 2009, a họpụtara Cooper dị ka odeakwụkwọ nke Steeti maka ọrụ na ụgwọ ezumike nká ma weghara ya na-eduga na Welfare Reform Act 2009 nke gụnyere usoro iji gbasaa ojiji ibido uru iji manye ndị na-enweghị ọrụ ịchọ ọrụ. Ọtụtụ ndị na-eme mkpọsa - gụnyere Child Poverty Action Group (CPAG) - gbara Cooper ume ka ọ tụgharịa uche na usoro ndị ọrụ, na-arụ ụka kama na ịbawanye nkwado maka ndị na-achọ ọrụ dị mkpa iji kpochapụ ịda ogbenye ụmụaka. ==== Ebubo màkà mmefu ego ==== qwigfiy0wva3j2c75518dqe2r5kk70t 644551 644550 2026-05-31T06:56:44Z Geraldine Kene 23189 Fixed reference error 644551 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox }} Yvette Cooper (amụrụ ya na abalị iri na abuo na onwa atọ, na afọ 1969) bụ onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị mba Britain na-eje ozi dị ka odeakwụkwọ ụlọ Shadow kemgbe 2021, na mbụ site na 2011 ruo 2015. Ọ jere ozi na Gordon Brown 's Cabinet dị ka onye isi odeakwụkwọ na Treasury site na 2008 ruo 2009 yana odeakwụkwọ ọrụ na ụgwọ ezumike nka site na 2009 ruo 2010. Onye otu Labour Party, ọ bụbu onye otu nzuko omeiwu (MP) maka Normanton, Pontefract na Castleford, na mbụ Pontefract na Castleford, kemgbe 1997 . Cooper bụ onye omebe iwu n'okpuru odeakwụkwọ steeti na ngalaba atọ n'okpuru Prime Minister Tony Blair site na 1999 ruo 2005. Ebuliri ya ka ọ bụrụ onye isi ala maka Housing na Planning na 2005, ma debe ya n'ọrụ mgbe Gordon Brown ghọrọ Prime Minister na 2007. Na 2008, a họpụtara ya na Brown's Cabinet dị ka Chief Secretary na Treasury, tupu ebuli ya na Secretary nke State for Work and Pensions na 2009. Mgbe ndị ọrụ kwụsịrị ntuli aka izugbe nke 2010, Cooper jere ozi na Ed Miliband 's Shadow Cabinet dị ka Shadow Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs site na 2010 ruo 2011. Na 2011, di ya Ed Balls kwalitere na Shadow Chancellor of Exchequer ; Cooper nọchiri anya bọọlụ dị ka odeakwụkwọ ụlọ Shadow wee jee ozi ruo mgbe Labour tụfuru ntuli aka izugbe 2015 . Na 13 Mee 2015, Cooper kwupụtara na ọ ga-agba ọsọ ịbụ onye ndu nke Labour Party na ntuli aka onye isi na-esote arụkwaghịm nke Miliband. <ref>{{Cite news|date=13 May 2015|title=Yvette Cooper announces candidacy for Labour leadership|work=The Guardian|url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2015/may/13/yvette-cooper-announces-candidacy-for-labour-leadership|accessdate=4 June 2015}}</ref> Cooper bịara nke atọ na 17.0% nke votu na agba nke mbụ, meriri Jeremy Corbyn . <ref name="autogenerated1">{{Cite news|author=Kuenssberg|first=Laura|date=12 September 2015|title=Jeremy Corbyn wins Labour leadership contest|work=BBC News|publisher=BBC|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-34223157|accessdate=12 September 2015}}</ref> Cooper mechara arụkwaghịm dị ka odeakwụkwọ ụlọ Shadow na Septemba 2015. Cooper bụ onye isi oche kọmitii ahọpụtara ihe gbasara ụlọ site na 2016 ruo 2021. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|date=October 2016|title=Yvette Cooper elected Chair of Home Affairs Committee|url=https://www.parliament.uk/business/committees/committees-a-z/commons-select/home-affairs-committee/news-parliament-2015/chair-elected-october-2016/|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161022094605/https://www.parliament.uk/business/committees/committees-a-z/commons-select/home-affairs-committee/news-parliament-2015/chair-elected-october-2016/|archivedate=22 October 2016|accessdate=21 October 2016|work=UK Parliament}}</ref> Dị ka onye na-azụ azụ, Copper chọrọ ugboro ugboro ịgbatị Nkeji edemede 50 iji gbuo oge Brexit . Ọ ghọrọ odeakwụkwọ ụlọ nke Shadow ọzọ na ngbanwe Keir Starmer 's Nọvemba 2021 . == Ndụ mmalite na agụmakwụkwọ == A mụrụ Cooper na 20 Maachị 1969 na Inverness, Scotland. Nna ya bụ Tony Cooper, onye bụbu odeakwụkwọ ukwu nke Òtù Na-ahụ Maka Ndị Ọrụ Na-ahụ Maka Ụlọ Ọrụ, onye bụbu onye isi na-abụghị onye isi nchịkwa nke Ụlọ Ọrụ Na-ahụ Maka Ngwá Agha Nuklia na onye bụbu onyeisi oche nke Ụlọ Ọrụ Na-ahụ Maka Ngwá Agha Nuclear Britain . <ref>{{Cite web|date=20 February 2009|title=Yvette Cooper Official website|url=http://www.yvettecooper.com/about-yvette|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100928002851/http://www.yvettecooper.com/about-yvette|archivedate=28 September 2010|accessdate=28 September 2010|work=Yvette Cooper MP}}</ref> Ọ bụkwa onye ndụmọdụ gọọmentị na Panel Advisory Energy. <ref>{{Cite web|date=28 June 2002|title=Tony Cooper is new Chairman of BNIF|url=http://www.niauk.org/news/latest-nuclear-news/tony-cooper-is-new-chairman-of-bnif.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090610003242/http://www.niauk.org/news/latest-nuclear-news/tony-cooper-is-new-chairman-of-bnif.html|archivedate=10 June 2009|publisher=[[Nuclear Industry Association]]}}</ref> Nne ya, June, bụ onye nkuzi mgbakọ na mwepụ. <ref name="guardian-20150813">{{Cite news|author=Brooks|first=Libby|date=13 August 2015|title=Yvette Cooper profile: 'You don't have to choose between head and heart'|work=The Guardian|url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2015/aug/13/yvette-cooper-profile-you-dont-have-to-choose-between-head-and-heart|accessdate=13 August 2015}}</ref> Ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ na Eggar's School, ụlọ akwụkwọ zuru oke na Holybourne, na Alton College, ha abụọ na Alton, Hampshire . Ọ gụrụ Philosophy, ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na akụnụba na kọleji Balliol, Oxford, wee nweta akara ugo mmụta nsọpụrụ nke mbụ. <ref name="theguardian">{{Cite news|author=Cooke|first=Rachel|date=1 March 2014|title=Yvette Cooper interview: Labour's quiet contender|work=The Guardian|url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2014/mar/02/yvette-cooper-interview-labours-quiet-contender|accessdate=1 June 2013}}</ref> Ọ nwetara akara ugo mmụta Kennedy na 1991 ka ọ gụọ akwụkwọ na Mahadum Harvard, wee gụchaa akwụkwọ mmụta postgraduate ya na MSc na Economics na London School of Economics . <ref name=":2">{{Cite web|title=Woman's Hour Power List – Rt Hon Yvette Cooper MP|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/profiles/4hHkzyPDQvxFZxY2f1BlKt5/rt-hon-yvette-cooper-mp|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190424160736/https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/profiles/4hHkzyPDQvxFZxY2f1BlKt5/rt-hon-yvette-cooper-mp|archivedate=24 April 2019|accessdate=9 July 2019|work=BBC Radio 4|publisher=BBC}}</ref> == Ọrụ mmalite == Cooper malitere ọrụ ya dị ka onye nyocha amụma amụma akụ na ụba maka Shadow Chancellor John Smith na 1990 tupu ọ rụọ ọrụ na [[Arkinsọ|Arkansas]] maka Bill Clinton, onye nhọpụta nke Democratic Party maka Onye isi ala United States, na 1992. Mgbe afọ ahụ gasịrị, ọ ghọrọ onye ndụmọdụ ndụmọdụ nke Shadow Chief Secretary to Treasury, Harriet Harman . <ref name="theguardian">{{Cite news|author=Cooke|first=Rachel|date=1 March 2014|title=Yvette Cooper interview: Labour's quiet contender|work=The Guardian|url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2014/mar/02/yvette-cooper-interview-labours-quiet-contender|accessdate=1 June 2013}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFCooke2014">Cooke, Rachel (1 March 2014). [https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2014/mar/02/yvette-cooper-interview-labours-quiet-contender "Yvette Cooper interview: Labour's quiet contender"]. ''The Guardian''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20140302041032/http://www.theguardian.com/politics/2014/mar/02/yvette-cooper-interview-labours-quiet-contender Archived] from the original on 2 March 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 June</span> 2013</span>.</cite></ref> Mgbe ọ dị afọ 24, Cooper mepụtara ọrịa ike ọgwụgwụ na-adịghị ala ala, nke were ya otu afọ iji gbakee. <ref name="guardian-20150813">{{Cite news|author=Brooks|first=Libby|date=13 August 2015|title=Yvette Cooper profile: 'You don't have to choose between head and heart'|work=The Guardian|url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2015/aug/13/yvette-cooper-profile-you-dont-have-to-choose-between-head-and-heart|accessdate=13 August 2015}}</ref> Na 1994 ọ kwagara ịghọ onye nyocha na Center for Economic Performance . Na 1995, ọ ghọrọ onye nta akụkọ gbasara akụ na ụba nke ''The Independent'', nọgidere na akwụkwọ akụkọ ruo mgbe nhoputa ya na House of Commons na 1997. <ref name="theguardian">{{Cite news|author=Cooke|first=Rachel|date=1 March 2014|title=Yvette Cooper interview: Labour's quiet contender|work=The Guardian|url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2014/mar/02/yvette-cooper-interview-labours-quiet-contender|accessdate=1 June 2013}}</ref> == Onye omeiwu == A họpụtara Cooper ka ọ bụrụ onye ọrụ nchekwa nke Pontefract na Castleford na ntuli aka izugbe na afọ 1997, mgbe osote Ọkà Okwu Geoffrey Lofthouse kwuputara ezumike nka ya. O ji otutu vootu 25,725 jigidere oche maka Labour, ma kwuo okwu nwata ya na Commons na 2 Julaị 1997, na-ekwu maka mgba nke mpaghara ya na enweghị ọrụ. <ref>{{Cite web|title=House of Commons Debates 2 July 1997 col 387–91|url=https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm199798/cmhansrd/vo970702/debtext/70702-39.htm#70702-39_spnew0|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120716182344/http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm199798/cmhansrd/vo970702/debtext/70702-39.htm#70702-39_spnew0|archivedate=16 July 2012|accessdate=28 July 2012|work=[[Hansard]]}}</ref> O jere ozi afọ abụọ na Kọmitii Nhọrọ nke Mmụta na Ọrụ . Mgbe Gordon Brown ghọrọ Prime Minister, a kpọrọ Cooper ka ọ bịa nzukọ ndị minista dị ka onye minista na-ahụ maka ụlọ. Obere oge ka ọ nwetarq ọrụ ahụ, a chọrọ ka ọ webata atụmatụ HIPS . Dị ka onye na-ede akwụkwọ akụkọ Conservative Matthew Parris si kwuo, Cooper tụrụ ime HIPS ma zere ịkatọ kpọmkwem maka nsogbu ya n'ihi njikọ ya na Brown. <ref>{{Cite news|author=Parris|first=Matthew|date=31 May 2007|title=Why heroic Ruth should have been in Gordon's book|work=[[The Times]]|url=http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/comment/columnists/matthew_parris/article1862784.ece}}</ref> [[Usòrò:Yvette_Cooper_Ministerial_portrait.jpg|áká_èkpè|thumb| Cooper dị ka onye minista na-ahụ maka ụlọ na 2007]] Gọọmentị ndị ọrụ n'okpuru Brown achọpụtala ụlọ dị ọnụ ala dịka otu n'ime ebumnauche ya. Na ọnwa nke asaa na afọ 2007, Cooper kwupụtara na House of Commons na "ọ gwụla ma anyị na-eme ihe ugbu a, site na afọ 2026 ndị na-azụ ahịa oge mbụ ga-achọpụta na ọnụ ahịa ụlọ dị okpukpu iri karịa ụgwọ ọnwa ha. Nke ahụ nwere ike ịkpata enweghị ahaghị nhata n'etiti ọha na eze na ikpe na-ezighị ezi. Akụkụ ọ bụla nke mba ahụ chọrọ ụlọ dị ọnụ ala karịa - na North na South, n'ime obodo na ime obodo." Na afọ 2008, Cooper ghọrọ nwanyị mbụ na-eje ozi dị ka Chief Secretary na Treasury ebe o tinyere aka na ibu Northern Rock n'ime ọha mmadụ. Dị ka di ya, Ed Balls, abụrụlarị onye minista, nkwalite ya pụtara na ha abụọ ghọrọ di na nwunye mbụ ga-anọdụ n'ụlọ ọrụ ọnụ. <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk_politics/7642459.stm|date=30 November 2009|title=The Cabinet: Who's Who|work=BBC News|accessdate=20 November 2011}}</ref> Na afọ 2015, a họpụtara ya dị ka otu n'ime ndị na-eme ntuli aka anọ maka ndị ọrụ Labour na-esote mmeri nke otu ahụ na ntuli aka n'ozuzu 2015 na arụkwaghịm nke Ed Miliband . Ndị omeiwu 59, ndị omeiwu 12, 109 CLP, otu ndị ọrụ abụọ jikọrọ aka na otu ọha mmadụ . <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.newstatesman.com/politics/2015/06/who-nominated-who-2015-labour-leadership-election|title=Who nominated who for the 2015 Labour leadership election?|date=15 June 2015|work=New Statesman|accessdate=26 March 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150705074349/http://www.newstatesman.com/politics/2015/06/who-nominated-who-2015-labour-leadership-election|archivedate=5 July 2015}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.newstatesman.com/politics/2015/07/which-clps-are-nominating-who-labour-leadership-contest|title=Which CLPs nominated who in the 2015 Labour leadership contest?|date=1 August 2015|work=New Statesman|accessdate=26 March 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170312040808/http://www.newstatesman.com/politics/2015/07/which-clps-are-nominating-who-labour-leadership-contest|archivedate=12 March 2017}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://labourlist.org/2016/08/which-unions-have-backed-corbyn-or-smith-in-the-labour-leadership-contest/|title=Which unions have backed Corbyn or Smith in the Labour leadership contest?|date=11 August 2016|work=LabourList|accessdate=26 March 2017}}</ref> ''Akwụkwọ akụkọ Guardian'' kwadoro Cooper dị ka "onye kachasị mma" iji nye ọhụụ siri ike ma jikọta nnọkọ ahụ mgbe nkwenye ''New Statesman'' toro ahụmahụ ya. <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2015/aug/13/guardian-view-labour-leadership-choice-yvette-cooper-jeremy-corbyn|title=The Guardian view on Labour's choice: Corbyn has shaped the campaign, but Cooper can shape the future|date=13 August 2015|work=The Guardian|accessdate=26 March 2017}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.newstatesman.com/politics/2015/08/ns-leader-choice-labour|title=The NS Leader: the choice before Labour|date=19 August 2015|work=New Statesman|accessdate=26 March 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170228063853/http://www.newstatesman.com/politics/2015/08/ns-leader-choice-labour|archivedate=28 February 2017}}</ref> Onye bụbu Mịnịsta Ala Gordon Brown kwadoro Cooper n'ihu ọha dị ka nhọrọ mbụ ya maka onye ndu, dị ka onye bụbu odeakwụkwọ ụlọ Alan Johnson mere . <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/labour-leadership-gordon-brown-endorses-yvette-cooper-as-andy-burnham-warns-wrong-choice-could-bring-two-decades-of-the-tories-10470276.html|title=Gordon Brown endorses Yvette Cooper for Labour leader as Andy Burnham warns wrong choice could bring 'two decades of the Tories'|work=[[The Independent]]|author=Kunal Dutta|date=25 August 2015|accessdate=26 August 2015}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/2015/08/03/alan-johnson-to-back-yvet_n_7927736.html|title=Alan Johnson To Back Yvette Cooper For Labour Leader|author=Waugh|first=Paul|date=3 August 2015|work=HuffPost|accessdate=26 March 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170327080230/http://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/2015/08/03/alan-johnson-to-back-yvet_n_7927736.html|archivedate=27 March 2017}}</ref> === Starmer Shadow Cabinet: 2021– dị ugbu a === Cooper lụrụ Ed Balls na 10 Jenụwarị 1998 <ref>{{Cite book|title=Debrett's People of Today 2011|url=http://www.exacteditions.com/exact/browse/455/1210/7772/3/113|edition=Extract Editions|year=2011|accessdate=8 August 2011}}</ref> na Eastbourne . Di ya bụ odeakwụkwọ akụ na ụba na akụ na gọọmentị Tony Blair na odeakwụkwọ nke steeti maka ụmụaka, ụlọ akwụkwọ na ezinụlọ n'okpuru Gordon Brown, mgbe ahụ na mmegide bụ Shadow Chancellor nke Exchequer na onye ndoro-ndoro na ntuli aka onye isi nke ndị ọrụ 2010 . Di na nwunye ahụ nwere ụmụ nwanyị abụọ (Ellie na Maddie) na otu nwa nwoke (Joel). <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/1338650/Health-minister-celebrates-birth.html|title=Health minister celebrates birth|work=The Daily Telegraph|date=27 August 2001|accessdate=14 June 2010}}</ref> Cooper ebipụtala akwụkwọ abụọ akpọrọ 'Ọ Na-ekwu: Ike nke olu ụmụ nwanyị' na 'Ọ na-ekwu: Okwu ụmụ nwanyị nke gbanwere ụwa, site na Pankhurst ruo Greta' ewepụtara na Nọvemba 2019 na Ọktọba 2020 n'otu n'otu. <ref>{{Cite web|title=She Speaks: Women's Speeches That Changed the World, from Pankhurst to Greta by Yvette Cooper|url=https://www.waterstones.com/book/she-speaks/yvette-cooper/9781786499943|work=Waterstones}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=She Speaks: Power of Women's voices by Yvette Cooper.|url=https://www.booktopia.com.au/she-speaks-yvette-cooper/book/9781786499929.html|work=Booktopia}}</ref> == Ntụaka == <references /> # {{Reflist|colwidth=30em}} <references /> [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] == Mmalite ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ == A mụrụ Cooper na abalị iri abụo na onwa nke ato na afọ 1969 na Inverness, Scotland. Nna ya bụ Tony Cooper, onye bụbu odeakwụkwọ ukwu nke otu ndị ọrụ Atụmanya, onye bụ onye isi na-abụghị onye isi nke Nuclear Decommissioning Authority na onye bụbu onye isi oche nke British Nuclear Industry Forum. Ọ bụkwa onye ndụmọdụ gọọmentị na Energy Advisory Panel. Nne ya, June, bụ onye nkuzi mgbakọ na mwepụ.<ref name="guardian-20150813">{{cite news |last=Brooks |first=Libby |date=13 August 2015 |title=Yvette Cooper profile: 'You don't have to choose between head and heart' |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2015/aug/13/yvette-cooper-profile-you-dont-have-to-choose-between-head-and-heart |url-status=live |access-date=13 August 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150813074616/http://www.theguardian.com/politics/2015/aug/13/yvette-cooper-profile-you-dont-have-to-choose-between-head-and-heart |archive-date=13 August 2015}}</ref> Ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ na Eggar's School, ụlọ akwụkwọ zuru oke na Holybourne, na Alton College, ha abụọ dị na Alton, Hampshire. Ọ gụrụ nkà ihe ọmụma, ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na akụ na ụba na Balliol College, Oxford, ma gụsịrị akwụkwọ na akara ugo mmụta nke mbụ. O ritere Kennedy Scholarship na afọ1991 iji gụọ akwụkwọ na Mahadum Harvard, ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ ya na MSc na Economics na London School of Economics. == Mmalite ọrụ == Cooper malitere ọrụ ya dị ka onye na-eme nchọpụta iwu akụ na ụba maka Shadow Chancellor John Smith na afọ 1990 tupu ọ rụọ ọrụ na [[Arkinsọ|Arkansas]] maka Bill Clinton, onye a họpụtara ya na Democratic Party maka onye isi ochichi nke mba United States, na afo 1992. Dị ka oji di n'afọ ahụ, ọ ghọrọ onye ndụmọdụ iwu nke onye isi odeakwụkwọ na Ebe ana echekwa ego, Harriet Harman.<ref name="theguardian">{{cite news |last=Cooke |first=Rachel |date=1 March 2014 |title=Yvette Cooper interview: Labour's quiet contender |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2014/mar/02/yvette-cooper-interview-labours-quiet-contender |url-status=live |access-date=1 June 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140302041032/http://www.theguardian.com/politics/2014/mar/02/yvette-cooper-interview-labours-quiet-contender |archive-date=2 March 2014}}</ref> Mgbe ọ dị afọ iri abụọ na anọ, Cooper malitere ọrịa ike ọgwụgwụ na-adịghị ala ala, nke ọrịa ra ma gbake kwa na otu afo. Na afọ 1994, ọ kwagara ịghọ onye na-eme nnyocha na Centre for Economic Performance. Na afọ 1995, ọ ghọrọ onye isi na-ede akụkọ akụ na ụba nke ''The Independent'', na-anọ na akwụkwọ akụkọ ahụ ruo mgbe a họpụtara ya na House of Commons na afọ 1997.<ref name="theguardian" /> == Ndụ onwe onye == Cooper lụrụ Ed Balls na abalị iri na onwa nke mbu, na afọ 1998 na Eastbourne. Di ya bụ odeakwụkwọ akụ na ụba na ebe ana echekwa ego na gọọmentị Tony Blair na odeakwụkwọ nke steeti maka ụmụaka, ụlọ akwụkwọ na ezinụlọ n'okpuru Gordon Brown, mgbe ahụ na mmegide bụ Shadow Chancellor of the Exchequer na onye na-azọ ọkwa na ntuli aka ndị isi Labour Party nke afọ 2010. Di na nwunye a nwere ụmụ nwanyị abụọ (Ellie na Maddie) na otu nwa nwoke (Joel). Cooper ebipụtala akwụkwọ abụọ akpọrọ 'She Speaks: The power of Women's voices' na 'She Speaks: Women's Speeches Nke gbanwere uwa, site na Pankhurst rue Greta' nke ewepụtara na onwa nke iri na otu na afọ 2019 na onwa nke iri na afọ 2020 n'otu n'otu. == Onye omeiwu == A họpụtara Cooper ịzọ ọkwa onye ọrụ nchekwa nke Pontefract na Castleford na ntuli aka n'ozuzu na afọ 1997, mgbe osote onye isi okwu Geoffrey Lofthouse kwupụtara ezumike nká ya. Ọ nọgidere na oche maka ndị ọrụ na ọtụtụ votu 25,725, ma kwuo okwu izizi ya na Commons na onwa asaa, na afo 1997, na-ekwu banyere ọgụ mpaghara ya na enweghị ọrụ. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ afọ abụọ na Kọmitii Mmụta na Ọrụ. === Gọọmentị Blair na Brown: 1999–2010 === Na afọ 1999, a kwalitere ya dị ka onye odeakwụkwọ nke ndị omeiwu na Ngalaba Ahụike. Dị ka onye ozi ahụike, Cooper nyere aka mejuputa mmemme Sure Start. Na ọkwa a, ọ bụkwa onye ozi gọọmentị Britain mbụ n'akụkọ ihe mere eme iji were ezumike ọmụmụ. Site na afọ 2002 rue na afọ 2003, Cooper bụ odeakwụkwọ ndị omeiwu nke Ngalaba Lord Chancellor. Na afọ 2003, ọ ghọrọ onye odeakwụkwọ ndị omeiwu na-ahụ maka mmegharị na ụlọ ọrụ nke osote onye isi ala na-ahụ maka mmegharị coalfield. Mgbe ntuli aka nke afọ 2005 gasịrị, a kwalitere ya ka ọ bụrụ Mịnịsta, dị ka Mịnịsta nke Steeti maka Ụlọ na Atụmatụ nke dị na Ngalaba Maka Obodo na Gọọmenti Obodo site na 2006. Mgbe Gordon Brown ghọrọ Prime Minister, a kpọrọ Cooper ka ọ gaa nzukọ kabinet dị ka Housing Minister. N'oge na-adịghị anya mgbe ọ malitere ọrụ ahụ, a chọrọ ka ọ webata atụmatụ HIPS. Dị ka onye edemede Conservative Matthew Parris si kwuo, Cooper tụụrụ ime HIPS mana ọ zere nkatọ kpọmkwem maka nsogbu ya n'ihi njikọ ya na Brown. [[File:Yvette_Cooper_Ministerial_portrait.jpg|áká_èkpè|thumb|Cooper dị ka Mịnịsta na-ahụ maka ụlọ na afo 2007]] Gọọmentị ndị ọrụ na okpuru Brown achọpụtala ụlọ dị ọnụ ala dị ka otu n'ime ebumnuche ya. Na ọnwa nke asaa, na afọ 2007, Cooper kwupụtara na House of Commons na "ọ gwụla ma anyị na-eme ihe ugbu a, site na afọ 2026 ndị na-azụ ahịa oge mbụ ga-ahụ ọnụ ahịa ụlọ nkezi okpukpu iri nke ụgwọ ọrụ ha. Nke ahụ nwere ike ibute elekọta mmadụ ahaghị nhata na ikpe na-ezighị ezi. Mba ọbụla chọrọ ụlọ ndị dị ọnụ ala karị - na North, na South, n'obodo ukwu na ime obodo. Na afọ 2008, Cooper ghọrọ nwanyị mbụ jere ozi dị ka onye isi odeakwụkwọ na ebe ana echekwa ego. O tinyere aka na iwere Northern Rock n'aka ọha. Dị ka di ya, Ed Balls, bụ onye minista, nkwalite ya pụtara na ha abụọ ghọrọ di na nwunye mbụ nọ na kabinet ahu. Na afọ 2009, a họpụtara Cooper dị ka odeakwụkwọ nke Steeti maka ọrụ na ụgwọ ezumike nká ma weghara ya na-eduga na Welfare Reform Act 2009 nke gụnyere usoro iji gbasaa ojiji ibido uru iji manye ndị na-enweghị ọrụ ịchọ ọrụ. Ọtụtụ ndị na-eme mkpọsa - gụnyere Child Poverty Action Group (CPAG) - gbara Cooper ume ka ọ tụgharịa uche na usoro ndị ọrụ, na-arụ ụka kama na ịbawanye nkwado maka ndị na-achọ ọrụ dị mkpa iji kpochapụ ịda ogbenye ụmụaka. ==== Ebubo màkà mmefu ego ==== 25mhw4ry7xsv4eb8zwl5e7n1bq9qi5y 0 12611 644571 89480 2026-05-31T08:00:02Z Iwuala chisom 17246 Improved+added DS 644571 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Category:Articles with hCards]] '''Elizabeth Xu''' bụ nwanyị ọchụnta ego nke China, onye edemede, na prọfesọ ọkachamara na mmepe teknụzụ dị elu yana azụmaahịa dijitalụ gụnyere ngwanrọ-dị ka ọrụ, nnukwu data, na ngwanrọ ụlọ ọrụ mkpanaka. == Mmalite ndu na agụmakwụkwọ == A mụrụ Xu na [[China]] . Nne ya bụ onye nkuzi mgbakọ na mwepụ na nna ya bụ prọfesọ Bekee. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Building Successful Careers|url=http://www.elizabethxu.com/|accessdate=2020-07-25|language=en}}</ref> Xu nwetara nzere bachelọ nke sayensị na physics mbara mbara yana Master of Science na sayensị gburugburu na Mahadum Peking . Xu wee nweta nzere Master of Science na sayensị kọmputa yana PhD na sayensị ikuku sitere na Mahadum Nevada, Reno . <ref name="bizjournals_xu">{{Cite web|date=April 13, 2015|title=Women of Influence - Technology - BMC Software's Elizabeth Xu, Women of Influence 2015|url=https://www.bizjournals.com/sanjose/news/2015/04/03/bmc-softwares-elizabeth-xu-women-of-influence-2015.html|accessdate=December 14, 2018|publisher=bizjournals.com}}</ref> Xu nwetara MBA site na Stanford Graduate School of Business . <ref name="bizjournals_xu" /> == Ọrụ == Xu bụ obere oge Chief Technology Officer maka CP Group, <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://techsauce.co/en/interview/women-in-tech-with-dr-elizabeth-xu-group-chief-technical-officer-at-c-p-group/|title=Women in tech with Dr Elizabeth Xu Group CTO at CP Group}}</ref> na CEO nke CP R&D, na-enyere ndị Digital mgbanwe maka narị ole na ole enyemaka ego na mkpokọta ego nke $45 ijeri na 350,000 ọrụ n'ụwa nile. Ọ bụ CTO na SVP na BMC Software . Xu bụkwa Group VP Engineering na Acxiom, SVP na Rearden Commerce na Vitria Technology. O jikwa ọkwa nchịkwa na IBM . Xu bụ onye edemede nke akụkọ ifo nke nkwalite: Nzọụkwụ 10 iji nweta ọrụ na-aga nke ọma, <ref>{{Cite book|title=Myths of the Promotion: 10 Steps to a Successful Career|author=Xu|first=Elizabeth|publisher=StoryRobin Company|year=2012|isbn=978-1937489991}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite book|title=Myths of the Promotion: 10 Steps to a Successful Career|author=Ph.D|first=Elizabeth Xu|date=2012-07-07|publisher=StoryRobin Company|isbn=9781937489991|language=en}}</ref> onye nkuzi na Mahadum Stanford . Xu bụ onye na-emepụta ihe na onye nwe patent na Architecture maka ikike asambodo dijitalụ n'ịntanetị na-anọghị n'ịntanetị. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://patents.google.com/patent/US6430688|title=Architecture for web-based on-line-off-line digital certificate authority|accessdate=December 14, 2018}}</ref> == Ihe nrite == Xu bụ onye nnata nke ọtụtụ onyinye na nkwanye ugwu. * 2015 Gold Stevie Award * 2015 Ụmụ nwanyị Mmetụta * 2017 Women in Technology International Hall of Fame <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.witi.com/halloffame/345973/Elizabeth-Xu,-Ph.D.-CTO-&-SVP-of-Technology-BMC-Software/|title=WITI - Elizabeth Xu, Ph.D.|work=www.witi.com|language=en|accessdate=2018-04-18}}</ref> == Ntụaka == <references /> {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * [http://www.elizabethxu.com ElizabethXu.com] {{DEFAULTSORT:Xu, Elizabeth}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 6cpt5tlggzvhtlv8ljcs7c1insf2x64 0 12683 644337 94808 2026-05-30T21:42:22Z Sayvhior 13464 /* Ọrụ */ 644337 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Usòrò:Virginia Gibson 1967.JPG|thumb|Virginia Gibson]] '''Virginia Gibson''' (amuru '''Virginia Gorski''' ; abalị itolu na onwa nke ano, na afọ 1925 - abalị iri abụo na ise na onwa nke anọ, na afọ 2013) bụ onye egwu America, onye na-agụ abụ na onye na-eme ihe [[Film|nkiri]], ihe onyonyo na ihe nkiri egwu . <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.legacy.com/obituaries/nytimes/obituary.aspx?n=VIRGINIA-GIBSON&pid=164562002#fbLoggedOut|title=VIRGINIA GIBSON Obituary|publisher=Legacy.com|accessdate=2013-05-02}} http://ibdb.com/person.php?id=90603</ref> == Afọ mbụ == Site na agbụrụ Polish na Irish, <ref name="pi1">{{Cite news|author=Harris|first=Harry|title=Virginia Gibson Profits From 'Sweet Young Thing' Image|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/28713035/virginia_gibson/|accessdate=22 February 2019|work=The Philadelphia Inquirer|date=July 7, 1963|page=Programs and Personalities p 2}}</ref> Gibson bụ ada nke Mr. na Oriakụ. John S. Gorski, Gibson gụsịrị akwụkwọ na St. Alphonsus Parochial School. <ref name="slst">{{Cite news|title=Chorus Girl In '43 Coming Back As Muny Opera Star|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/28711146/virginia_bishop_virginia_gorski/|accessdate=22 February 2019|work=The St. Louis Star and Times|date=May 13, 1947|page=12}}</ref> == Ọrụ == Gibson, onye Warner Bros bịanyere aka na ya na 1950 <ref name="pd">{{Cite news|author=Standish|first=Myles|title=Pert Gibson Girl -- Virgniia, That Is|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/14799972/1958virginia_gibson_returns_to_muny/|accessdate=22 February 2019|work=St. Louis Post-Dispatch|date=July 27, 1958|page=4 G}}</ref> wee mee ihe nkiri mbụ ya na ''Tea for Two'' (1950), <ref>{{Cite news|author=Kimbrough|first=Mary|title=A Fan Letter From Joan Crawford|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/28717041/virginia_gibson/|accessdate=22 February 2019|work=St. Louis Post-Dispatch|date=January 8, 1952|page=3 C}}</ref> malitere ọrụ ya na egwu egwu n'obodo ya St. Louis, [[Mizurị|Missouri]] . Na 1937, ọ bụ otu n'ime ụmụ agbọghọ 35 ahọpụtara maka ballet na mmepụta ụlọ ọrụ St. Louis Opera. <ref>{{Cite news|title=35 Ballet Girls Chosen for St. Louis Operas|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/28709027/st_louis_postdispatch/|accessdate=22 February 2019|work=St. Louis Post-Dispatch|date=October 11, 1937|page=21}}</ref> Ọ gbara egwu na egwu egwu nke mmepụta ''Onye isi mmụta'' n'ebe ahụ na 1940, <ref>{{Cite news|title=Dancing Chorus in 'The Student Prince'|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/28709289/the_st_louis_star_and_times/|accessdate=22 February 2019|work=The St. Louis Star and Times|date=October 21, 1940|page=15}}</ref> na na 1943 ọ bụ akụkụ nke egwu egwu nke oge okpomọkụ nke Muny Opera . <ref>{{Cite news|title=These Complete the Dancing Chorus|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/204296701/?terms=%22Virginia%2BGorski%22|accessdate=22 February 2019|work=The St. Louis Star and Times|date=May 12, 1943|page=17}}</ref> N'oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ nke 1943, ọ bụ otu n'ime ndị na-agba egwú atọ sitere na otu ahụ iji bịanye aka na nkwekọrịta iji mee na ''Roll Up Your Sleeves'' na Broadway. <ref>{{Cite news|title=Kid Regan's Column|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/28709781/the_st_louis_star_and_times/|accessdate=22 February 2019|work=The St. Louis Star and Times|date=October 13, 1943|page=19}}</ref> O jiri aha ọmụmụ ya na Broadway ruo 1949. <ref name="ibdb">{{Cite web|title=Virginia Gibson|url=https://www.ibdb.com/broadway-cast-staff/virginia-gibson-90603|work=Internet Broadway Database|publisher=The Broadway League|accessdate=22 February 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190222022819/https://www.ibdb.com/broadway-cast-staff/virginia-gibson-90603|archivedate=22 February 2019}}</ref> Na 1947, ọ laghachiri ịrụ na Muny Opera, oge a dị ka kpakpando nke ''No, Mba, Nanette'' . <ref name="slst" /> N'ịbụ onye a na-akwụ ụgwọ dị ka starlet, ọ bụ akụkụ nke otu ndị na-eme ihe nkiri Hollywood bụ ndị mere njem na mba ahụ na 1951-1952 na-akwalite 50th Anniversary nke ụlọ ihe nkiri. Ya na Roscoe Ates na Charles Starrett ọ gara n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ Oklahoma na-ekele ọha mmadụ. Na Hollywood ọ rụrụ ọrụ nkwado ma ọ bụ na-eduga n'ọtụtụ egwu egwu Warner Brothers. Ọrụ ihe nkiri ya ama ama bụ Liza na ''nwunye asaa maka ụmụnna asaa'' (1954) ''.'' <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/virginia-gibson-singer-actress-and-dancer-who-starred-in-hit-musicals-of-the-1940s-and-50s-8622816.html|title=Virginia Gibson: Singer, actress and dancer who starred in hit|date=2013-05-20|work=The Independent|language=en|accessdate=2019-02-24}}</ref> N'ịtụgharị uche na Warners 'na-adịghị ọhụrụ nke nhọrọ ya, Gibson kwuru, sị, "E nwere nnọọ ọtụtụ egwu egwu, na ha nwere Doris Day . Ma ònye nwere ike na-enwu ma e jiri ya tụnyere ịdị ndụ ya?” <ref name="pd">{{Cite news|author=Standish|first=Myles|title=Pert Gibson Girl -- Virgniia, That Is|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/14799972/1958virginia_gibson_returns_to_muny/|accessdate=22 February 2019|work=St. Louis Post-Dispatch|date=July 27, 1958|page=4 G}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFStandish1958">Standish, Myles (July 27, 1958). [https://www.newspapers.com/clip/14799972/1958virginia_gibson_returns_to_muny/ "Pert Gibson Girl -- Virgniia, That Is"]. ''St. Louis Post-Dispatch''. Missouri, St. Louis. p.&nbsp;4 G<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 22,</span> 2019</span> &#x2013; via [[Akwụkwọ akụkọ.com|Newspapers.com]].</cite></ref> [[Usòrò:Armstrong_Circle_Theatre_-_Sound_of_Violence_1959.jpg|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb| Vincent Gardenia, Gibson, na Val Avery na "Ụda nke ime ihe ike", ihe omume 1959 nke usoro anthology ''Armstrong Circle Theater'' .]] Na ìgwè onyonyo, Gibson bụ onye na-eme ihe mgbe niile na ''Captain Billy's Showboat'' (1948). <ref name="etvs">{{Cite book|author=Terrace|first=Vincent|title=Encyclopedia of Television Shows, 1925 through 2010|date=2011|publisher=McFarland & Company, Inc., Publishers|location=Jefferson, N.C.|isbn=978-0-7864-6477-7|edition=2nd}}</ref> O mekwara ihe nkiri na ''So This Is Hollywood'' (1955). [12] Ọ bụ onye na-eme ihe ngosi oge niile na ''The Johnny Carson Show'' (1955–56), [12] usoro Carson gara aga, ka a ghara inwe mgbagwoju anya na ''Ihe ngosi Tonight Starring Johnny Carson'' . N'afọ 1956 ọ laghachiri na Broadway ka ọ kpọọ ada Ethel Merman na egwu ''Ịchụ nta obi ụtọ .'' Ọ ghọrọ otu n'ime kpakpando nke ''Parade gị Hit'', [12] otu n'ime ihe ngosi TV kachasị ewu ewu nke 1950, maka otu oge. O nwere ọnwa atọ dị ka onye na-agụ egwú jazz na ụdị TV nke ''Young Doctor Malone'' . Site na 1962 ruo 1971 ọ kwadoro, ya na Frank Buxton <ref name="pi1">{{Cite news|author=Harris|first=Harry|title=Virginia Gibson Profits From 'Sweet Young Thing' Image|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/28713035/virginia_gibson/|accessdate=22 February 2019|work=The Philadelphia Inquirer|date=July 7, 1963|page=Programs and Personalities p 2}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFHarris1963">Harris, Harry (July 7, 1963). [https://www.newspapers.com/clip/28713035/virginia_gibson/ "Virginia Gibson Profits From 'Sweet Young Thing' Image"]. ''The Philadelphia Inquirer''. Pennsylvania, Philadelphia. p.&nbsp;Programs and Personalities p 2<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 22,</span> 2019</span> &#x2013; via [[Akwụkwọ akụkọ.com|Newspapers.com]].</cite></ref> (na emechaa, Bill Owen ), mmemme akwụkwọ akụkọ ụmụaka ABC-TV ''Discovery'' . <ref name="pi1" /> Gibson pụtakwara na mkpọsa ngwá ahịa maka ngwakọta keki, igwefoto, ebe a na-ere swiit, ihe ncha, ihe na-agba ntutu, akwa nhicha akwụkwọ, na ncha. <ref>{{Cite news|title=Virginia Gibson's Image|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/28713093/virginia_gibson/|accessdate=22 February 2019|work=The Philadelphia Inquirer|date=July 7, 1963|page=Programs and Personalities p 4}}</ref> Mgbe ọrụ ime egwuregwu kwụsịrị, ọ kuziri ihe na HB Studio dị na New York. <ref name="ibdb">{{Cite web|title=Virginia Gibson|url=https://www.ibdb.com/broadway-cast-staff/virginia-gibson-90603|work=Internet Broadway Database|publisher=The Broadway League|accessdate=22 February 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190222022819/https://www.ibdb.com/broadway-cast-staff/virginia-gibson-90603|archivedate=22 February 2019}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://web.archive.org/web/20190222022819/https://www.ibdb.com/broadway-cast-staff/virginia-gibson-90603 "Virginia Gibson"]. ''Internet Broadway Database''. The Broadway League. Archived from [https://www.ibdb.com/broadway-cast-staff/virginia-gibson-90603 the original] on February 22, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 22,</span> 2019</span>.</cite></ref> == Ọnwụ == Na abalị iri na atọ na onwa nke anọ, na afọ 2013, Gibson nwụrụ na Newtown, [[Pensílvéníyạ|Pennsylvania]], <ref name="opa">{{Cite book|author=Lentz|first=Harris M., III|title=Obituaries in the Performing Arts, 2013|date=2014|publisher=McFarland|isbn=9780786476657|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LQKhAwAAQBAJ&dq=%22Virginia+Gibson%22+actress&pg=PA133|accessdate=22 February 2019|language=en}}</ref> mgbe ọ dị afọ 88. E liri ya na ebe a na-eli ozu Calvary na Mausoleum na Saint Louis, Missouri .  == Ihe nrite == N'afọ 1957, a họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ onye na-eme ihe ''nkiri kacha amasị'' Tony Award na egwu egwu, maka ihe ngosi ya nke Beth Livingstone na ''Ịchụ nta obi ụtọ'' . <ref>{{Cite web|title=("Virginia Gibson" search results)|url=https://www.tonyawards.com/en_US/history/pastwinners/tonys_results.html?lname=Virginia+Gibson|work=Tony Awards|publisher=American Theatre Wing|accessdate=22 February 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190222064750/https://www.tonyawards.com/en_US/history/pastwinners/tonys_results.html?lname=Virginia+Gibson|archivedate=22 February 2019}}</ref> == Ndụ onwe onye == Gibson alụghị di ma ọ bụ mụọ nwa. Ọ rapaara n'okpukpe Roman Katọlik <ref>Morning News, January 10, 1948, Who Was Who in America (Vol. 2).</ref> na ọ bụ onye Republican ogologo ndụ nke kwadoro Dwight Eisenhower n'oge ntuli aka onye isi ala 1952 . <ref>''Motion Picture and Television Magazine'', November 1952, page 34, Ideal Publishers</ref> == Mpụta ihe nkiri == * ''Yankee Connecticut'' (Nwa nwanyị na-agba egwu), 1943–44, Martin Beck Theatre, New York * ''Naanị ime ụlọ ezumike'' (Onye ịgba egwu). 1944-45, Winter Garden Theatre, New York * ''Ijeri Dollar Baby'' (Chorine, onye ịgba egwu), 1945–46, Alvin Theatre, New York * ''Mba, Mba, Nanette'' (Nanette), 1947, St. Louis Municipal Opera * ''Ụmụ ọhụrụ na Toyland'' (Jill), 1947, St. Louis Municipal Opera * ''Akpụkpọ ụkwụ bọtịnụ dị elu'' (corps de ballet), 1947, New Century Theatre, New York * ''Lee, Ma, a bụ m Dancin'!'' (Snow White), 1948, Adelphi Theatre, New York * ''N'akụkụ Fifth Avenue'' (Onye na-abụ abụ, onye na-agba egwu), 1949, Broadhurst Theatre, New York * ''Ụtọ Ụtọ'' (Dolly), 1949, St. Louis Municipal Opera * ''Nwa agbọghọ Bloomer'' (Daisy), 1949, St. Louis Municipal Opera * ''Irene'' (Helen), 1949, St. Louis Municipal Opera * ''Eze Vagabond'' (Lady Mary), 1949, St. Louis Municipal Opera * ''Ọnwa Ọhụrụ'' (Julie), 1949, St. Louis Municipal Opera * ''Chei!'' (Harriet Underwood), 1950, St. Louis Municipal Opera * ''The Great Waltz'' (onye na-agba egwu ndu) 1953, Los Angeles Civic Light Opera na San Francisco Light Opera * ''Ịchụ nta obi ụtọ'' (Beth Livingstone), 1956–57, Ụlọ ihe nkiri Majestic, New York == Ihe nkiri == * ''Tii maka Ụmụnne'' Warner Abụọ, 1950 * ''Iji Sunshine Warner Brothers sere igwe ojii'', 1951 * ''Daalụ, My Fancy'' Warner Brothers, 1951 * ''Banyere Face'' Warner Brothers, 1952 * ''Kwụsị, Ị na-egbu m'' Warner Brothers, 1952 * ''Ọ laghachiri na Broadway'' Warner Brothers, 1953 * ''Nwunye asaa maka ụmụnna asaa'' MGM, 1954 * ''Athena'' MGM, 1954 * ''Ya mere Nke a bụ Hollywood'' ( TV sitcom ) 1955 * ''Egburu m Wild Bill Hickok'' The Wheeler Company, 1956 * ''N'otu oge na ezumike ezumike ezumike'' Jerry Fairbanks Productions, 1956 * Foto ndị ''dị na Face'' Paramount, 1957 == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} <references /> == Njikọ mpụga == * Virginia Gibson at IMDb * Virginia Gibson at the Internet Broadway Database * Virginia Gibson at Find a Grave {{Authority control}} [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] stpszfa4gvnrjjsr6m1qgf5xs6avwpu 644339 644337 2026-05-30T21:43:50Z Sayvhior 13464 /* Ọrụ */ 644339 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Usòrò:Virginia Gibson 1967.JPG|thumb|Virginia Gibson]] '''Virginia Gibson''' (amuru '''Virginia Gorski''' ; abalị itolu na onwa nke ano, na afọ 1925 - abalị iri abụo na ise na onwa nke anọ, na afọ 2013) bụ onye egwu America, onye na-agụ abụ na onye na-eme ihe [[Film|nkiri]], ihe onyonyo na ihe nkiri egwu . <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.legacy.com/obituaries/nytimes/obituary.aspx?n=VIRGINIA-GIBSON&pid=164562002#fbLoggedOut|title=VIRGINIA GIBSON Obituary|publisher=Legacy.com|accessdate=2013-05-02}} http://ibdb.com/person.php?id=90603</ref> == Afọ mbụ == Site na agbụrụ Polish na Irish, <ref name="pi1">{{Cite news|author=Harris|first=Harry|title=Virginia Gibson Profits From 'Sweet Young Thing' Image|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/28713035/virginia_gibson/|accessdate=22 February 2019|work=The Philadelphia Inquirer|date=July 7, 1963|page=Programs and Personalities p 2}}</ref> Gibson bụ ada nke Mr. na Oriakụ. John S. Gorski, Gibson gụsịrị akwụkwọ na St. Alphonsus Parochial School. <ref name="slst">{{Cite news|title=Chorus Girl In '43 Coming Back As Muny Opera Star|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/28711146/virginia_bishop_virginia_gorski/|accessdate=22 February 2019|work=The St. Louis Star and Times|date=May 13, 1947|page=12}}</ref> == Ọrụ == Gibson, onye Warner Bros bịanyere aka na ya na 1950 <ref name="pd">{{Cite news|author=Standish|first=Myles|title=Pert Gibson Girl -- Virgniia, That Is|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/14799972/1958virginia_gibson_returns_to_muny/|accessdate=22 February 2019|work=St. Louis Post-Dispatch|date=July 27, 1958|page=4 G}}</ref> wee mee ihe nkiri mbụ ya na ''Tea for Two'' (1950), <ref>{{Cite news|author=Kimbrough|first=Mary|title=A Fan Letter From Joan Crawford|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/28717041/virginia_gibson/|accessdate=22 February 2019|work=St. Louis Post-Dispatch|date=January 8, 1952|page=3 C}}</ref> malitere ọrụ ya na egwu egwu n'obodo ya St. Louis, [[Mizurị|Missouri]] . Na 1937, ọ bụ otu n'ime ụmụ agbọghọ 35 ahọpụtara maka ballet na mmepụta ụlọ ọrụ St. Louis Opera. <ref>{{Cite news|title=35 Ballet Girls Chosen for St. Louis Operas|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/28709027/st_louis_postdispatch/|accessdate=22 February 2019|work=St. Louis Post-Dispatch|date=October 11, 1937|page=21}}</ref> Ọ gbara egwu na egwu egwu nke mmepụta ''Onye isi mmụta'' n'ebe ahụ na 1940, <ref>{{Cite news|title=Dancing Chorus in 'The Student Prince'|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/28709289/the_st_louis_star_and_times/|accessdate=22 February 2019|work=The St. Louis Star and Times|date=October 21, 1940|page=15}}</ref> na na 1943 ọ bụ akụkụ nke egwu egwu nke oge okpomọkụ nke Muny Opera . <ref>{{Cite news|title=These Complete the Dancing Chorus|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/204296701/?terms=%22Virginia%2BGorski%22|accessdate=22 February 2019|work=The St. Louis Star and Times|date=May 12, 1943|page=17}}</ref> N'oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ nke 1943, ọ bụ otu n'ime ndị na-agba egwú atọ sitere na otu ahụ iji bịanye aka na nkwekọrịta iji mee na ''Roll Up Your Sleeves'' na Broadway. <ref>{{Cite news|title=Kid Regan's Column|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/28709781/the_st_louis_star_and_times/|accessdate=22 February 2019|work=The St. Louis Star and Times|date=October 13, 1943|page=19}}</ref> O jiri aha ọmụmụ ya na Broadway ruo 1949. <ref name="ibdb">{{Cite web|title=Virginia Gibson|url=https://www.ibdb.com/broadway-cast-staff/virginia-gibson-90603|work=Internet Broadway Database|publisher=The Broadway League|accessdate=22 February 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190222022819/https://www.ibdb.com/broadway-cast-staff/virginia-gibson-90603|archivedate=22 February 2019}}</ref> Na 1947, ọ laghachiri ịrụ na Muny Opera, oge a dị ka kpakpando nke ''No, Mba, Nanette'' . <ref name="slst" /> N'ịbụ onye a na-akwụ ụgwọ dị ka starlet, ọ bụ akụkụ nke otu ndị na-eme ihe nkiri Hollywood bụ ndị mere njem na mba ahụ na 1951-1952 na-akwalite 50th Anniversary nke ụlọ ihe nkiri. Ya na Roscoe Ates na Charles Starrett ọ gara n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ Oklahoma na-ekele ọha mmadụ. Na Hollywood ọ rụrụ ọrụ nkwado ma ọ bụ na-eduga n'ọtụtụ egwu egwu Warner Brothers. Ọrụ ihe nkiri ya ama ama bụ Liza na ''nwunye asaa maka ụmụnna asaa'' (1954) ''.'' <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/virginia-gibson-singer-actress-and-dancer-who-starred-in-hit-musicals-of-the-1940s-and-50s-8622816.html|title=Virginia Gibson: Singer, actress and dancer who starred in hit|date=2013-05-20|work=The Independent|language=en|accessdate=2019-02-24}}</ref> N'ịtụgharị uche na Warners 'na-adịghị ọhụrụ nke nhọrọ ya, Gibson kwuru, sị, "E nwere nnọọ ọtụtụ egwu egwu, na ha nwere Doris Day . Ma ònye nwere ike na-enwu ma e jiri ya tụnyere ịdị ndụ ya?” <ref name="pd" /> [[Usòrò:Armstrong_Circle_Theatre_-_Sound_of_Violence_1959.jpg|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb| Vincent Gardenia, Gibson, na Val Avery na "Ụda nke ime ihe ike", ihe omume 1959 nke usoro anthology ''Armstrong Circle Theater'' .]] Na ìgwè onyonyo, Gibson bụ onye na-eme ihe mgbe niile na ''Captain Billy's Showboat'' (1948). <ref name="etvs">{{Cite book|author=Terrace|first=Vincent|title=Encyclopedia of Television Shows, 1925 through 2010|date=2011|publisher=McFarland & Company, Inc., Publishers|location=Jefferson, N.C.|isbn=978-0-7864-6477-7|edition=2nd}}</ref> O mekwara ihe nkiri na ''So This Is Hollywood'' (1955). [12] Ọ bụ onye na-eme ihe ngosi oge niile na ''The Johnny Carson Show'' (1955–56), [12] usoro Carson gara aga, ka a ghara inwe mgbagwoju anya na ''Ihe ngosi Tonight Starring Johnny Carson'' . N'afọ 1956 ọ laghachiri na Broadway ka ọ kpọọ ada Ethel Merman na egwu ''Ịchụ nta obi ụtọ .'' Ọ ghọrọ otu n'ime kpakpando nke ''Parade gị Hit'', [12] otu n'ime ihe ngosi TV kachasị ewu ewu nke 1950, maka otu oge. O nwere ọnwa atọ dị ka onye na-agụ egwú jazz na ụdị TV nke ''Young Doctor Malone'' . Site na 1962 ruo 1971 ọ kwadoro, ya na Frank Buxton <ref name="pi1">{{Cite news|author=Harris|first=Harry|title=Virginia Gibson Profits From 'Sweet Young Thing' Image|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/28713035/virginia_gibson/|accessdate=22 February 2019|work=The Philadelphia Inquirer|date=July 7, 1963|page=Programs and Personalities p 2}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFHarris1963">Harris, Harry (July 7, 1963). [https://www.newspapers.com/clip/28713035/virginia_gibson/ "Virginia Gibson Profits From 'Sweet Young Thing' Image"]. ''The Philadelphia Inquirer''. Pennsylvania, Philadelphia. p.&nbsp;Programs and Personalities p 2<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 22,</span> 2019</span> &#x2013; via [[Akwụkwọ akụkọ.com|Newspapers.com]].</cite></ref> (na emechaa, Bill Owen ), mmemme akwụkwọ akụkọ ụmụaka ABC-TV ''Discovery'' . <ref name="pi1" /> Gibson pụtakwara na mkpọsa ngwá ahịa maka ngwakọta keki, igwefoto, ebe a na-ere swiit, ihe ncha, ihe na-agba ntutu, akwa nhicha akwụkwọ, na ncha. <ref>{{Cite news|title=Virginia Gibson's Image|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/28713093/virginia_gibson/|accessdate=22 February 2019|work=The Philadelphia Inquirer|date=July 7, 1963|page=Programs and Personalities p 4}}</ref> Mgbe ọrụ ime egwuregwu kwụsịrị, ọ kuziri ihe na HB Studio dị na New York. <ref name="ibdb">{{Cite web|title=Virginia Gibson|url=https://www.ibdb.com/broadway-cast-staff/virginia-gibson-90603|work=Internet Broadway Database|publisher=The Broadway League|accessdate=22 February 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190222022819/https://www.ibdb.com/broadway-cast-staff/virginia-gibson-90603|archivedate=22 February 2019}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://web.archive.org/web/20190222022819/https://www.ibdb.com/broadway-cast-staff/virginia-gibson-90603 "Virginia Gibson"]. ''Internet Broadway Database''. The Broadway League. Archived from [https://www.ibdb.com/broadway-cast-staff/virginia-gibson-90603 the original] on February 22, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 22,</span> 2019</span>.</cite></ref> == Ọnwụ == Na abalị iri na atọ na onwa nke anọ, na afọ 2013, Gibson nwụrụ na Newtown, [[Pensílvéníyạ|Pennsylvania]], <ref name="opa">{{Cite book|author=Lentz|first=Harris M., III|title=Obituaries in the Performing Arts, 2013|date=2014|publisher=McFarland|isbn=9780786476657|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LQKhAwAAQBAJ&dq=%22Virginia+Gibson%22+actress&pg=PA133|accessdate=22 February 2019|language=en}}</ref> mgbe ọ dị afọ 88. E liri ya na ebe a na-eli ozu Calvary na Mausoleum na Saint Louis, Missouri .  == Ihe nrite == N'afọ 1957, a họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ onye na-eme ihe ''nkiri kacha amasị'' Tony Award na egwu egwu, maka ihe ngosi ya nke Beth Livingstone na ''Ịchụ nta obi ụtọ'' . <ref>{{Cite web|title=("Virginia Gibson" search results)|url=https://www.tonyawards.com/en_US/history/pastwinners/tonys_results.html?lname=Virginia+Gibson|work=Tony Awards|publisher=American Theatre Wing|accessdate=22 February 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190222064750/https://www.tonyawards.com/en_US/history/pastwinners/tonys_results.html?lname=Virginia+Gibson|archivedate=22 February 2019}}</ref> == Ndụ onwe onye == Gibson alụghị di ma ọ bụ mụọ nwa. Ọ rapaara n'okpukpe Roman Katọlik <ref>Morning News, January 10, 1948, Who Was Who in America (Vol. 2).</ref> na ọ bụ onye Republican ogologo ndụ nke kwadoro Dwight Eisenhower n'oge ntuli aka onye isi ala 1952 . <ref>''Motion Picture and Television Magazine'', November 1952, page 34, Ideal Publishers</ref> == Mpụta ihe nkiri == * ''Yankee Connecticut'' (Nwa nwanyị na-agba egwu), 1943–44, Martin Beck Theatre, New York * ''Naanị ime ụlọ ezumike'' (Onye ịgba egwu). 1944-45, Winter Garden Theatre, New York * ''Ijeri Dollar Baby'' (Chorine, onye ịgba egwu), 1945–46, Alvin Theatre, New York * ''Mba, Mba, Nanette'' (Nanette), 1947, St. Louis Municipal Opera * ''Ụmụ ọhụrụ na Toyland'' (Jill), 1947, St. Louis Municipal Opera * ''Akpụkpọ ụkwụ bọtịnụ dị elu'' (corps de ballet), 1947, New Century Theatre, New York * ''Lee, Ma, a bụ m Dancin'!'' (Snow White), 1948, Adelphi Theatre, New York * ''N'akụkụ Fifth Avenue'' (Onye na-abụ abụ, onye na-agba egwu), 1949, Broadhurst Theatre, New York * ''Ụtọ Ụtọ'' (Dolly), 1949, St. Louis Municipal Opera * ''Nwa agbọghọ Bloomer'' (Daisy), 1949, St. Louis Municipal Opera * ''Irene'' (Helen), 1949, St. Louis Municipal Opera * ''Eze Vagabond'' (Lady Mary), 1949, St. Louis Municipal Opera * ''Ọnwa Ọhụrụ'' (Julie), 1949, St. Louis Municipal Opera * ''Chei!'' (Harriet Underwood), 1950, St. Louis Municipal Opera * ''The Great Waltz'' (onye na-agba egwu ndu) 1953, Los Angeles Civic Light Opera na San Francisco Light Opera * ''Ịchụ nta obi ụtọ'' (Beth Livingstone), 1956–57, Ụlọ ihe nkiri Majestic, New York == Ihe nkiri == * ''Tii maka Ụmụnne'' Warner Abụọ, 1950 * ''Iji Sunshine Warner Brothers sere igwe ojii'', 1951 * ''Daalụ, My Fancy'' Warner Brothers, 1951 * ''Banyere Face'' Warner Brothers, 1952 * ''Kwụsị, Ị na-egbu m'' Warner Brothers, 1952 * ''Ọ laghachiri na Broadway'' Warner Brothers, 1953 * ''Nwunye asaa maka ụmụnna asaa'' MGM, 1954 * ''Athena'' MGM, 1954 * ''Ya mere Nke a bụ Hollywood'' ( TV sitcom ) 1955 * ''Egburu m Wild Bill Hickok'' The Wheeler Company, 1956 * ''N'otu oge na ezumike ezumike ezumike'' Jerry Fairbanks Productions, 1956 * Foto ndị ''dị na Face'' Paramount, 1957 == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} <references /> == Njikọ mpụga == * Virginia Gibson at IMDb * Virginia Gibson at the Internet Broadway Database * Virginia Gibson at Find a Grave {{Authority control}} [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] poqzry2rmix05kw612upxk71ulny5z7 644340 644339 2026-05-30T21:44:38Z Sayvhior 13464 /* Afọ mbụ */ 644340 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Usòrò:Virginia Gibson 1967.JPG|thumb|Virginia Gibson]] '''Virginia Gibson''' (amuru '''Virginia Gorski''' ; abalị itolu na onwa nke ano, na afọ 1925 - abalị iri abụo na ise na onwa nke anọ, na afọ 2013) bụ onye egwu America, onye na-agụ abụ na onye na-eme ihe [[Film|nkiri]], ihe onyonyo na ihe nkiri egwu . <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.legacy.com/obituaries/nytimes/obituary.aspx?n=VIRGINIA-GIBSON&pid=164562002#fbLoggedOut|title=VIRGINIA GIBSON Obituary|publisher=Legacy.com|accessdate=2013-05-02}} http://ibdb.com/person.php?id=90603</ref> == Afọ mbụ == Site na agbụrụ Polish na Irish, <ref name="pi1" /> Gibson bụ ada nke Mr. na Oriakụ. John S. Gorski, Gibson gụsịrị akwụkwọ na St. Alphonsus Parochial School. <ref name="slst">{{Cite news|title=Chorus Girl In '43 Coming Back As Muny Opera Star|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/28711146/virginia_bishop_virginia_gorski/|accessdate=22 February 2019|work=The St. Louis Star and Times|date=May 13, 1947|page=12}}</ref> == Ọrụ == Gibson, onye Warner Bros bịanyere aka na ya na 1950 <ref name="pd">{{Cite news|author=Standish|first=Myles|title=Pert Gibson Girl -- Virgniia, That Is|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/14799972/1958virginia_gibson_returns_to_muny/|accessdate=22 February 2019|work=St. Louis Post-Dispatch|date=July 27, 1958|page=4 G}}</ref> wee mee ihe nkiri mbụ ya na ''Tea for Two'' (1950), <ref>{{Cite news|author=Kimbrough|first=Mary|title=A Fan Letter From Joan Crawford|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/28717041/virginia_gibson/|accessdate=22 February 2019|work=St. Louis Post-Dispatch|date=January 8, 1952|page=3 C}}</ref> malitere ọrụ ya na egwu egwu n'obodo ya St. Louis, [[Mizurị|Missouri]] . Na 1937, ọ bụ otu n'ime ụmụ agbọghọ 35 ahọpụtara maka ballet na mmepụta ụlọ ọrụ St. Louis Opera. <ref>{{Cite news|title=35 Ballet Girls Chosen for St. Louis Operas|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/28709027/st_louis_postdispatch/|accessdate=22 February 2019|work=St. Louis Post-Dispatch|date=October 11, 1937|page=21}}</ref> Ọ gbara egwu na egwu egwu nke mmepụta ''Onye isi mmụta'' n'ebe ahụ na 1940, <ref>{{Cite news|title=Dancing Chorus in 'The Student Prince'|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/28709289/the_st_louis_star_and_times/|accessdate=22 February 2019|work=The St. Louis Star and Times|date=October 21, 1940|page=15}}</ref> na na 1943 ọ bụ akụkụ nke egwu egwu nke oge okpomọkụ nke Muny Opera . <ref>{{Cite news|title=These Complete the Dancing Chorus|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/204296701/?terms=%22Virginia%2BGorski%22|accessdate=22 February 2019|work=The St. Louis Star and Times|date=May 12, 1943|page=17}}</ref> N'oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ nke 1943, ọ bụ otu n'ime ndị na-agba egwú atọ sitere na otu ahụ iji bịanye aka na nkwekọrịta iji mee na ''Roll Up Your Sleeves'' na Broadway. <ref>{{Cite news|title=Kid Regan's Column|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/28709781/the_st_louis_star_and_times/|accessdate=22 February 2019|work=The St. Louis Star and Times|date=October 13, 1943|page=19}}</ref> O jiri aha ọmụmụ ya na Broadway ruo 1949. <ref name="ibdb">{{Cite web|title=Virginia Gibson|url=https://www.ibdb.com/broadway-cast-staff/virginia-gibson-90603|work=Internet Broadway Database|publisher=The Broadway League|accessdate=22 February 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190222022819/https://www.ibdb.com/broadway-cast-staff/virginia-gibson-90603|archivedate=22 February 2019}}</ref> Na 1947, ọ laghachiri ịrụ na Muny Opera, oge a dị ka kpakpando nke ''No, Mba, Nanette'' . <ref name="slst" /> N'ịbụ onye a na-akwụ ụgwọ dị ka starlet, ọ bụ akụkụ nke otu ndị na-eme ihe nkiri Hollywood bụ ndị mere njem na mba ahụ na 1951-1952 na-akwalite 50th Anniversary nke ụlọ ihe nkiri. Ya na Roscoe Ates na Charles Starrett ọ gara n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ Oklahoma na-ekele ọha mmadụ. Na Hollywood ọ rụrụ ọrụ nkwado ma ọ bụ na-eduga n'ọtụtụ egwu egwu Warner Brothers. Ọrụ ihe nkiri ya ama ama bụ Liza na ''nwunye asaa maka ụmụnna asaa'' (1954) ''.'' <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/virginia-gibson-singer-actress-and-dancer-who-starred-in-hit-musicals-of-the-1940s-and-50s-8622816.html|title=Virginia Gibson: Singer, actress and dancer who starred in hit|date=2013-05-20|work=The Independent|language=en|accessdate=2019-02-24}}</ref> N'ịtụgharị uche na Warners 'na-adịghị ọhụrụ nke nhọrọ ya, Gibson kwuru, sị, "E nwere nnọọ ọtụtụ egwu egwu, na ha nwere Doris Day . Ma ònye nwere ike na-enwu ma e jiri ya tụnyere ịdị ndụ ya?” <ref name="pd" /> [[Usòrò:Armstrong_Circle_Theatre_-_Sound_of_Violence_1959.jpg|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb| Vincent Gardenia, Gibson, na Val Avery na "Ụda nke ime ihe ike", ihe omume 1959 nke usoro anthology ''Armstrong Circle Theater'' .]] Na ìgwè onyonyo, Gibson bụ onye na-eme ihe mgbe niile na ''Captain Billy's Showboat'' (1948). <ref name="etvs">{{Cite book|author=Terrace|first=Vincent|title=Encyclopedia of Television Shows, 1925 through 2010|date=2011|publisher=McFarland & Company, Inc., Publishers|location=Jefferson, N.C.|isbn=978-0-7864-6477-7|edition=2nd}}</ref> O mekwara ihe nkiri na ''So This Is Hollywood'' (1955). [12] Ọ bụ onye na-eme ihe ngosi oge niile na ''The Johnny Carson Show'' (1955–56), [12] usoro Carson gara aga, ka a ghara inwe mgbagwoju anya na ''Ihe ngosi Tonight Starring Johnny Carson'' . N'afọ 1956 ọ laghachiri na Broadway ka ọ kpọọ ada Ethel Merman na egwu ''Ịchụ nta obi ụtọ .'' Ọ ghọrọ otu n'ime kpakpando nke ''Parade gị Hit'', [12] otu n'ime ihe ngosi TV kachasị ewu ewu nke 1950, maka otu oge. O nwere ọnwa atọ dị ka onye na-agụ egwú jazz na ụdị TV nke ''Young Doctor Malone'' . Site na 1962 ruo 1971 ọ kwadoro, ya na Frank Buxton <ref name="pi1">{{Cite news|author=Harris|first=Harry|title=Virginia Gibson Profits From 'Sweet Young Thing' Image|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/28713035/virginia_gibson/|accessdate=22 February 2019|work=The Philadelphia Inquirer|date=July 7, 1963|page=Programs and Personalities p 2}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFHarris1963">Harris, Harry (July 7, 1963). [https://www.newspapers.com/clip/28713035/virginia_gibson/ "Virginia Gibson Profits From 'Sweet Young Thing' Image"]. ''The Philadelphia Inquirer''. Pennsylvania, Philadelphia. p.&nbsp;Programs and Personalities p 2<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 22,</span> 2019</span> &#x2013; via [[Akwụkwọ akụkọ.com|Newspapers.com]].</cite></ref> (na emechaa, Bill Owen ), mmemme akwụkwọ akụkọ ụmụaka ABC-TV ''Discovery'' . <ref name="pi1" /> Gibson pụtakwara na mkpọsa ngwá ahịa maka ngwakọta keki, igwefoto, ebe a na-ere swiit, ihe ncha, ihe na-agba ntutu, akwa nhicha akwụkwọ, na ncha. <ref>{{Cite news|title=Virginia Gibson's Image|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/28713093/virginia_gibson/|accessdate=22 February 2019|work=The Philadelphia Inquirer|date=July 7, 1963|page=Programs and Personalities p 4}}</ref> Mgbe ọrụ ime egwuregwu kwụsịrị, ọ kuziri ihe na HB Studio dị na New York. <ref name="ibdb">{{Cite web|title=Virginia Gibson|url=https://www.ibdb.com/broadway-cast-staff/virginia-gibson-90603|work=Internet Broadway Database|publisher=The Broadway League|accessdate=22 February 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190222022819/https://www.ibdb.com/broadway-cast-staff/virginia-gibson-90603|archivedate=22 February 2019}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://web.archive.org/web/20190222022819/https://www.ibdb.com/broadway-cast-staff/virginia-gibson-90603 "Virginia Gibson"]. ''Internet Broadway Database''. The Broadway League. Archived from [https://www.ibdb.com/broadway-cast-staff/virginia-gibson-90603 the original] on February 22, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 22,</span> 2019</span>.</cite></ref> == Ọnwụ == Na abalị iri na atọ na onwa nke anọ, na afọ 2013, Gibson nwụrụ na Newtown, [[Pensílvéníyạ|Pennsylvania]], <ref name="opa">{{Cite book|author=Lentz|first=Harris M., III|title=Obituaries in the Performing Arts, 2013|date=2014|publisher=McFarland|isbn=9780786476657|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LQKhAwAAQBAJ&dq=%22Virginia+Gibson%22+actress&pg=PA133|accessdate=22 February 2019|language=en}}</ref> mgbe ọ dị afọ 88. E liri ya na ebe a na-eli ozu Calvary na Mausoleum na Saint Louis, Missouri .  == Ihe nrite == N'afọ 1957, a họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ onye na-eme ihe ''nkiri kacha amasị'' Tony Award na egwu egwu, maka ihe ngosi ya nke Beth Livingstone na ''Ịchụ nta obi ụtọ'' . <ref>{{Cite web|title=("Virginia Gibson" search results)|url=https://www.tonyawards.com/en_US/history/pastwinners/tonys_results.html?lname=Virginia+Gibson|work=Tony Awards|publisher=American Theatre Wing|accessdate=22 February 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190222064750/https://www.tonyawards.com/en_US/history/pastwinners/tonys_results.html?lname=Virginia+Gibson|archivedate=22 February 2019}}</ref> == Ndụ onwe onye == Gibson alụghị di ma ọ bụ mụọ nwa. Ọ rapaara n'okpukpe Roman Katọlik <ref>Morning News, January 10, 1948, Who Was Who in America (Vol. 2).</ref> na ọ bụ onye Republican ogologo ndụ nke kwadoro Dwight Eisenhower n'oge ntuli aka onye isi ala 1952 . <ref>''Motion Picture and Television Magazine'', November 1952, page 34, Ideal Publishers</ref> == Mpụta ihe nkiri == * ''Yankee Connecticut'' (Nwa nwanyị na-agba egwu), 1943–44, Martin Beck Theatre, New York * ''Naanị ime ụlọ ezumike'' (Onye ịgba egwu). 1944-45, Winter Garden Theatre, New York * ''Ijeri Dollar Baby'' (Chorine, onye ịgba egwu), 1945–46, Alvin Theatre, New York * ''Mba, Mba, Nanette'' (Nanette), 1947, St. Louis Municipal Opera * ''Ụmụ ọhụrụ na Toyland'' (Jill), 1947, St. Louis Municipal Opera * ''Akpụkpọ ụkwụ bọtịnụ dị elu'' (corps de ballet), 1947, New Century Theatre, New York * ''Lee, Ma, a bụ m Dancin'!'' (Snow White), 1948, Adelphi Theatre, New York * ''N'akụkụ Fifth Avenue'' (Onye na-abụ abụ, onye na-agba egwu), 1949, Broadhurst Theatre, New York * ''Ụtọ Ụtọ'' (Dolly), 1949, St. Louis Municipal Opera * ''Nwa agbọghọ Bloomer'' (Daisy), 1949, St. Louis Municipal Opera * ''Irene'' (Helen), 1949, St. Louis Municipal Opera * ''Eze Vagabond'' (Lady Mary), 1949, St. Louis Municipal Opera * ''Ọnwa Ọhụrụ'' (Julie), 1949, St. Louis Municipal Opera * ''Chei!'' (Harriet Underwood), 1950, St. Louis Municipal Opera * ''The Great Waltz'' (onye na-agba egwu ndu) 1953, Los Angeles Civic Light Opera na San Francisco Light Opera * ''Ịchụ nta obi ụtọ'' (Beth Livingstone), 1956–57, Ụlọ ihe nkiri Majestic, New York == Ihe nkiri == * ''Tii maka Ụmụnne'' Warner Abụọ, 1950 * ''Iji Sunshine Warner Brothers sere igwe ojii'', 1951 * ''Daalụ, My Fancy'' Warner Brothers, 1951 * ''Banyere Face'' Warner Brothers, 1952 * ''Kwụsị, Ị na-egbu m'' Warner Brothers, 1952 * ''Ọ laghachiri na Broadway'' Warner Brothers, 1953 * ''Nwunye asaa maka ụmụnna asaa'' MGM, 1954 * ''Athena'' MGM, 1954 * ''Ya mere Nke a bụ Hollywood'' ( TV sitcom ) 1955 * ''Egburu m Wild Bill Hickok'' The Wheeler Company, 1956 * ''N'otu oge na ezumike ezumike ezumike'' Jerry Fairbanks Productions, 1956 * Foto ndị ''dị na Face'' Paramount, 1957 == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} <references /> == Njikọ mpụga == * Virginia Gibson at IMDb * Virginia Gibson at the Internet Broadway Database * Virginia Gibson at Find a Grave {{Authority control}} [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] bnaj1rp8m6dipjks9gka9ws5fg7y01z 644342 644340 2026-05-30T21:45:32Z Sayvhior 13464 /* Ọrụ */ fixed reference errors 644342 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Usòrò:Virginia Gibson 1967.JPG|thumb|Virginia Gibson]] '''Virginia Gibson''' (amuru '''Virginia Gorski''' ; abalị itolu na onwa nke ano, na afọ 1925 - abalị iri abụo na ise na onwa nke anọ, na afọ 2013) bụ onye egwu America, onye na-agụ abụ na onye na-eme ihe [[Film|nkiri]], ihe onyonyo na ihe nkiri egwu . <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.legacy.com/obituaries/nytimes/obituary.aspx?n=VIRGINIA-GIBSON&pid=164562002#fbLoggedOut|title=VIRGINIA GIBSON Obituary|publisher=Legacy.com|accessdate=2013-05-02}} http://ibdb.com/person.php?id=90603</ref> == Afọ mbụ == Site na agbụrụ Polish na Irish, <ref name="pi1" /> Gibson bụ ada nke Mr. na Oriakụ. John S. Gorski, Gibson gụsịrị akwụkwọ na St. Alphonsus Parochial School. <ref name="slst">{{Cite news|title=Chorus Girl In '43 Coming Back As Muny Opera Star|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/28711146/virginia_bishop_virginia_gorski/|accessdate=22 February 2019|work=The St. Louis Star and Times|date=May 13, 1947|page=12}}</ref> == Ọrụ == Gibson, onye Warner Bros bịanyere aka na ya na 1950 <ref name="pd">{{Cite news|author=Standish|first=Myles|title=Pert Gibson Girl -- Virgniia, That Is|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/14799972/1958virginia_gibson_returns_to_muny/|accessdate=22 February 2019|work=St. Louis Post-Dispatch|date=July 27, 1958|page=4 G}}</ref> wee mee ihe nkiri mbụ ya na ''Tea for Two'' (1950), <ref>{{Cite news|author=Kimbrough|first=Mary|title=A Fan Letter From Joan Crawford|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/28717041/virginia_gibson/|accessdate=22 February 2019|work=St. Louis Post-Dispatch|date=January 8, 1952|page=3 C}}</ref> malitere ọrụ ya na egwu egwu n'obodo ya St. Louis, [[Mizurị|Missouri]] . Na 1937, ọ bụ otu n'ime ụmụ agbọghọ 35 ahọpụtara maka ballet na mmepụta ụlọ ọrụ St. Louis Opera. <ref>{{Cite news|title=35 Ballet Girls Chosen for St. Louis Operas|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/28709027/st_louis_postdispatch/|accessdate=22 February 2019|work=St. Louis Post-Dispatch|date=October 11, 1937|page=21}}</ref> Ọ gbara egwu na egwu egwu nke mmepụta ''Onye isi mmụta'' n'ebe ahụ na 1940, <ref>{{Cite news|title=Dancing Chorus in 'The Student Prince'|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/28709289/the_st_louis_star_and_times/|accessdate=22 February 2019|work=The St. Louis Star and Times|date=October 21, 1940|page=15}}</ref> na na 1943 ọ bụ akụkụ nke egwu egwu nke oge okpomọkụ nke Muny Opera . <ref>{{Cite news|title=These Complete the Dancing Chorus|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/204296701/?terms=%22Virginia%2BGorski%22|accessdate=22 February 2019|work=The St. Louis Star and Times|date=May 12, 1943|page=17}}</ref> N'oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ nke 1943, ọ bụ otu n'ime ndị na-agba egwú atọ sitere na otu ahụ iji bịanye aka na nkwekọrịta iji mee na ''Roll Up Your Sleeves'' na Broadway. <ref>{{Cite news|title=Kid Regan's Column|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/28709781/the_st_louis_star_and_times/|accessdate=22 February 2019|work=The St. Louis Star and Times|date=October 13, 1943|page=19}}</ref> O jiri aha ọmụmụ ya na Broadway ruo 1949. <ref name="ibdb">{{Cite web|title=Virginia Gibson|url=https://www.ibdb.com/broadway-cast-staff/virginia-gibson-90603|work=Internet Broadway Database|publisher=The Broadway League|accessdate=22 February 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190222022819/https://www.ibdb.com/broadway-cast-staff/virginia-gibson-90603|archivedate=22 February 2019}}</ref> Na 1947, ọ laghachiri ịrụ na Muny Opera, oge a dị ka kpakpando nke ''No, Mba, Nanette'' . <ref name="slst" /> N'ịbụ onye a na-akwụ ụgwọ dị ka starlet, ọ bụ akụkụ nke otu ndị na-eme ihe nkiri Hollywood bụ ndị mere njem na mba ahụ na 1951-1952 na-akwalite 50th Anniversary nke ụlọ ihe nkiri. Ya na Roscoe Ates na Charles Starrett ọ gara n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ Oklahoma na-ekele ọha mmadụ. Na Hollywood ọ rụrụ ọrụ nkwado ma ọ bụ na-eduga n'ọtụtụ egwu egwu Warner Brothers. Ọrụ ihe nkiri ya ama ama bụ Liza na ''nwunye asaa maka ụmụnna asaa'' (1954) ''.'' <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/virginia-gibson-singer-actress-and-dancer-who-starred-in-hit-musicals-of-the-1940s-and-50s-8622816.html|title=Virginia Gibson: Singer, actress and dancer who starred in hit|date=2013-05-20|work=The Independent|language=en|accessdate=2019-02-24}}</ref> N'ịtụgharị uche na Warners 'na-adịghị ọhụrụ nke nhọrọ ya, Gibson kwuru, sị, "E nwere nnọọ ọtụtụ egwu egwu, na ha nwere Doris Day . Ma ònye nwere ike na-enwu ma e jiri ya tụnyere ịdị ndụ ya?” <ref name="pd" /> [[Usòrò:Armstrong_Circle_Theatre_-_Sound_of_Violence_1959.jpg|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb| Vincent Gardenia, Gibson, na Val Avery na "Ụda nke ime ihe ike", ihe omume 1959 nke usoro anthology ''Armstrong Circle Theater'' .]] Na ìgwè onyonyo, Gibson bụ onye na-eme ihe mgbe niile na ''Captain Billy's Showboat'' (1948). <ref name="etvs">{{Cite book|author=Terrace|first=Vincent|title=Encyclopedia of Television Shows, 1925 through 2010|date=2011|publisher=McFarland & Company, Inc., Publishers|location=Jefferson, N.C.|isbn=978-0-7864-6477-7|edition=2nd}}</ref> O mekwara ihe nkiri na ''So This Is Hollywood'' (1955). [12] Ọ bụ onye na-eme ihe ngosi oge niile na ''The Johnny Carson Show'' (1955–56), [12] usoro Carson gara aga, ka a ghara inwe mgbagwoju anya na ''Ihe ngosi Tonight Starring Johnny Carson'' . N'afọ 1956 ọ laghachiri na Broadway ka ọ kpọọ ada Ethel Merman na egwu ''Ịchụ nta obi ụtọ .'' Ọ ghọrọ otu n'ime kpakpando nke ''Parade gị Hit'', [12] otu n'ime ihe ngosi TV kachasị ewu ewu nke 1950, maka otu oge. O nwere ọnwa atọ dị ka onye na-agụ egwú jazz na ụdị TV nke ''Young Doctor Malone'' . Site na 1962 ruo 1971 ọ kwadoro, ya na Frank Buxton <ref name="pi1">{{Cite news|author=Harris|first=Harry|title=Virginia Gibson Profits From 'Sweet Young Thing' Image|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/28713035/virginia_gibson/|accessdate=22 February 2019|work=The Philadelphia Inquirer|date=July 7, 1963|page=Programs and Personalities p 2}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFHarris1963">Harris, Harry (July 7, 1963). [https://www.newspapers.com/clip/28713035/virginia_gibson/ "Virginia Gibson Profits From 'Sweet Young Thing' Image"]. ''The Philadelphia Inquirer''. Pennsylvania, Philadelphia. p.&nbsp;Programs and Personalities p 2<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 22,</span> 2019</span> &#x2013; via [[Akwụkwọ akụkọ.com|Newspapers.com]].</cite></ref> (na emechaa, Bill Owen ), mmemme akwụkwọ akụkọ ụmụaka ABC-TV ''Discovery'' . <ref name="pi1" /> Gibson pụtakwara na mkpọsa ngwá ahịa maka ngwakọta keki, igwefoto, ebe a na-ere swiit, ihe ncha, ihe na-agba ntutu, akwa nhicha akwụkwọ, na ncha. <ref>{{Cite news|title=Virginia Gibson's Image|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/28713093/virginia_gibson/|accessdate=22 February 2019|work=The Philadelphia Inquirer|date=July 7, 1963|page=Programs and Personalities p 4}}</ref> Mgbe ọrụ ime egwuregwu kwụsịrị, ọ kuziri ihe na HB Studio dị na New York. <ref name="ibdb" /> == Ọnwụ == Na abalị iri na atọ na onwa nke anọ, na afọ 2013, Gibson nwụrụ na Newtown, [[Pensílvéníyạ|Pennsylvania]], <ref name="opa">{{Cite book|author=Lentz|first=Harris M., III|title=Obituaries in the Performing Arts, 2013|date=2014|publisher=McFarland|isbn=9780786476657|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LQKhAwAAQBAJ&dq=%22Virginia+Gibson%22+actress&pg=PA133|accessdate=22 February 2019|language=en}}</ref> mgbe ọ dị afọ 88. E liri ya na ebe a na-eli ozu Calvary na Mausoleum na Saint Louis, Missouri .  == Ihe nrite == N'afọ 1957, a họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ onye na-eme ihe ''nkiri kacha amasị'' Tony Award na egwu egwu, maka ihe ngosi ya nke Beth Livingstone na ''Ịchụ nta obi ụtọ'' . <ref>{{Cite web|title=("Virginia Gibson" search results)|url=https://www.tonyawards.com/en_US/history/pastwinners/tonys_results.html?lname=Virginia+Gibson|work=Tony Awards|publisher=American Theatre Wing|accessdate=22 February 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190222064750/https://www.tonyawards.com/en_US/history/pastwinners/tonys_results.html?lname=Virginia+Gibson|archivedate=22 February 2019}}</ref> == Ndụ onwe onye == Gibson alụghị di ma ọ bụ mụọ nwa. Ọ rapaara n'okpukpe Roman Katọlik <ref>Morning News, January 10, 1948, Who Was Who in America (Vol. 2).</ref> na ọ bụ onye Republican ogologo ndụ nke kwadoro Dwight Eisenhower n'oge ntuli aka onye isi ala 1952 . <ref>''Motion Picture and Television Magazine'', November 1952, page 34, Ideal Publishers</ref> == Mpụta ihe nkiri == * ''Yankee Connecticut'' (Nwa nwanyị na-agba egwu), 1943–44, Martin Beck Theatre, New York * ''Naanị ime ụlọ ezumike'' (Onye ịgba egwu). 1944-45, Winter Garden Theatre, New York * ''Ijeri Dollar Baby'' (Chorine, onye ịgba egwu), 1945–46, Alvin Theatre, New York * ''Mba, Mba, Nanette'' (Nanette), 1947, St. Louis Municipal Opera * ''Ụmụ ọhụrụ na Toyland'' (Jill), 1947, St. Louis Municipal Opera * ''Akpụkpọ ụkwụ bọtịnụ dị elu'' (corps de ballet), 1947, New Century Theatre, New York * ''Lee, Ma, a bụ m Dancin'!'' (Snow White), 1948, Adelphi Theatre, New York * ''N'akụkụ Fifth Avenue'' (Onye na-abụ abụ, onye na-agba egwu), 1949, Broadhurst Theatre, New York * ''Ụtọ Ụtọ'' (Dolly), 1949, St. Louis Municipal Opera * ''Nwa agbọghọ Bloomer'' (Daisy), 1949, St. Louis Municipal Opera * ''Irene'' (Helen), 1949, St. Louis Municipal Opera * ''Eze Vagabond'' (Lady Mary), 1949, St. Louis Municipal Opera * ''Ọnwa Ọhụrụ'' (Julie), 1949, St. Louis Municipal Opera * ''Chei!'' (Harriet Underwood), 1950, St. Louis Municipal Opera * ''The Great Waltz'' (onye na-agba egwu ndu) 1953, Los Angeles Civic Light Opera na San Francisco Light Opera * ''Ịchụ nta obi ụtọ'' (Beth Livingstone), 1956–57, Ụlọ ihe nkiri Majestic, New York == Ihe nkiri == * ''Tii maka Ụmụnne'' Warner Abụọ, 1950 * ''Iji Sunshine Warner Brothers sere igwe ojii'', 1951 * ''Daalụ, My Fancy'' Warner Brothers, 1951 * ''Banyere Face'' Warner Brothers, 1952 * ''Kwụsị, Ị na-egbu m'' Warner Brothers, 1952 * ''Ọ laghachiri na Broadway'' Warner Brothers, 1953 * ''Nwunye asaa maka ụmụnna asaa'' MGM, 1954 * ''Athena'' MGM, 1954 * ''Ya mere Nke a bụ Hollywood'' ( TV sitcom ) 1955 * ''Egburu m Wild Bill Hickok'' The Wheeler Company, 1956 * ''N'otu oge na ezumike ezumike ezumike'' Jerry Fairbanks Productions, 1956 * Foto ndị ''dị na Face'' Paramount, 1957 == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} <references /> == Njikọ mpụga == * Virginia Gibson at IMDb * Virginia Gibson at the Internet Broadway Database * Virginia Gibson at Find a Grave {{Authority control}} [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] fkx1jsl0xvy68hb1e2t2az7kd3z8a6b 0 12701 644205 628438 2026-05-30T19:33:44Z Wikipedian12512(alt) 61413 ce 644205 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Phuthi Mahanyele-Dabengwa''',<ref>{{Cite news|author=Mahanyele-Dabengwa|first=Phuthi|title=Phuthi Mahanyele-Dabengwa: Observations from WEF|url=https://www.news24.com/fin24/opinion/phuthi-mahanyele-dabengwa-observations-from-wef-20200131-2|accessdate=16 October 2020|work=fin24|date=31 January 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|author=Dludla|first=Nqobile|title=Naspers picks Mahanyele-Dabengwa as CEO for South Africa|url=https://fr.reuters.com/article/naspers-ceo-safrica-idINKCN1TY14U|accessdate=16 October 2020|work=Reuters|date=21 July 2019}}</ref> (amụrụ c. 1971) bụ onye isi azụmaahịa South Africa na-arụ ọrụ ugbu a dị ka onye isi nchịkwa nke Naspers South Africa. Ọ bụbu onye jibu ọkwa onye nhazi na onye isi ọrụ na Sigma Capital na CEO nke Shanduka Group. Mahanyele-Dabengwa gụnyere na ''akwụkwọ akụkọ Wall Street Journal'' nke "Ụmụ nwanyị iri ise kacha elu n'ụwa ị ga-elekwasi anya na 2008", bụ ndị Africa Investors hutara dị ka "Nwanyị Na-eduga n'Azụmaahịa" na 2012, <ref name="WEF"/> wee kpọọ ya dị ka ForbesWoman Africa "Nwanyị azụmahịa nke afọ" na 2014. <ref name="Forbes2014">{{Cite news|author=Gundan|first=Farai|title=South African Corporate Powerhouse Phuti Mahanyele Wins ForbesWoman Africa 2014 Business Woman Of The Year Award|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/faraigundan/2014/10/06/south-african-corporate-powerhouse-phuti-mahanyele-wins-forbeswoman-africa-2014-business-woman-of-the-year-award/|accessdate=24 October 2014|work=Forbes|date=6 October 2014}}</ref> Ihe nrite 'The All Africa Business Leaders Awards' (AABLA) kpọrọ ya “nwanyi azụmahịa" nke afọ 2019. == Ndụ mmalite na agụmakwụkwọ == A mụrụ Mahanyele-Dabengwa na Meadowlands, Soweto, South Africa. <ref name="youtube">[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tKHF4T801BQ Phuti Mahanyele – CEO, Shanduka.] YouTube, 24 January 2013. Retrieved 30 September 2014.</ref> Nna ya, bụ onye nwụrụ na 2012, tolitere na ezinụlọ nke "ụmụnne iri ma ọ bụ iri na otu" ma kwụọ ụgwọ akwụkwọ nke ya. Nne Mahanyele-Dabengwa nwụrụ mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na asaa. N'ajụjụ ọnụ 2013, o kwuru maka ntinye aka nne na nna ya tinyere iji wee hụ na ya na nwanne ya nwanyị nwere agụmakwụkwọ kachasị mma na atụmanya na ọ ga-arụ ọrụ na mpaghara azụmahịa. Ka nne ya nwụsịrị n'oge ọ dị afọ iri anọ na abụọ, Mahanyele ekwuola na ọ bụụrụ ya ihe mmụta ka ọ ghara igbu oge ma ọ bụ were ya gwurie egwu. <ref name="youtube" /> Ọ hapụrụ Johannesburg, South Africa mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na asaa ịga Douglass College na Mahadum Rutgers na United States. Ọ gụsịrị wee nweta nzere bachelọ na Economics na 1993. <ref name="Douglass" /> Na 1996 ọ nwetara MBA na Mahadum De Montfort . <ref>[http://investing.businessweek.com/research/stocks/private/person.asp?personId=30786827 Phuti Mahanyele BA Economics, MBA.] [[Bloomberg Businessweek]]. Retrieved 30 September 2014.</ref> N'afọ 2008, Mahanyele-Dabengwa gụchara Ụlọ Akwụkwọ Kennedy school of Government na Harvard University Executive Education program "Global Leadership and Public Policy for the 21st Century". == Ọrụ == Mahanyele-Dabengwa sonyeere Fieldstone Private Capital Group na New York City, ụlọ ọrụ na-ahụ maka itinye ego na mba ofesi ọkachamara na mmepe akụrụngwa . O mechara bụrụ osote onye isi ala na Fieldstone dị na New York, ma mesịa wega ya n'ụlọ ọrụ South Africa nke ụlọ ọrụ ahụ. Ọ ghọrọ onye isi Project Finance South Africa na Development Bank nke South Africa . N'ihe banyere nlọghachi ya na South Africa site n'ọrụ na-aga nke ọma na United States, nke ụfọdụ chere na ọ bụ ihe ọhụrụ, ọ sịrị "olee ebe ọzọ n'ụwa ka ọ ga-abụ ihe ezi uche ka nwanyị ịsị ojii nọdụ?" <ref name="youtube"/> O sonyeere Shanduka Energy na 2004 dị ka onye isi njikwa <ref name="WEF"/> wee bụrụ onye isi nchịkwa nke Shanduka Group nke onye isi ala South Africa, Cyril Ramaphosa hiwere ma duzie ya. Na 2016, Mahanyele-Dabengwa gbara arụkwaghịm na Shanduka Group wee guzobe Sigma Capital. <ref name="youtube"/> N'ọnwa Julaị afọ 2019, a họpụtara Mahanyele-Dabengwa onye isi oche nke Naspers South Africa, bụrụ onye isi ojii mbụ na nwanyị mbụ iji ọkwa ahu. <ref>{{Cite news|title=Naspers Upends Century of History by Naming Black Woman CEO|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-07-04/naspers-upends-a-century-of-tradition-by-naming-black-woman-ceo|author=Renee Bonorchis|work=Bloomberg|date=4 July 2019|accessdate=16 October 2020}}</ref> <ref name="Reuters">{{Cite web|title=Mahanyele-Dabengwa, Phuti|url=https://in.reuters.com/finance/stocks/officer-profile/GFIJ.J/2944081|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20201020022051/https://in.reuters.com/finance/stocks/officer-profile/GFIJ.J/2944081|archivedate=October 20, 2020|date=|accessdate=16 October 2020|work=Reuters}}</ref> == Nduzi == N'afọ 2012, Mahanyele-Dabengwa gwara ndị ogbako ndị isi ụmụ nwanyị, na-ekwusi ike na ọrụ dị ukwuu maka ụmụ nwanyị na-azụ ahịa dị mkpa, ọ bụghị nanị iji dozie ikpe na-ezighị ezi nke ọha mmadụ ma, nke ka mkpa, n'ihi na e nwere "ihe gbasara akụ na ụba na azụmahịa dị mkpa" iji mee ihe. nkà nke ụmụ nwanyị iji dozie nsogbu ndị ụwa na-eche ihu. <ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P-cGYm041VM Women's Leadership Conference 2012: How women contribute to an organisation's competitiveness.] YouTube, 9 November 2012. Retrieved 30 September 2014.</ref> Mahanyele-Dabengwa ka a họpụtara dịka onye ndu ntorobịa zuru ụwa ọnụ site na ọgbakọ World Economic Forum na 2007. <ref name="Ventures">{{Cite news|author=Onyedimmakachukwu|title=Youth Key To Africa’s Economic Future|url=http://www.ventures-africa.com/2014/08/youth-empowerment-foundation-for-sustainable-economic-progress-in-africa/|accessdate=24 October 2014|work=Ventures Africa|date=August 9, 2014}}</ref> Ọ na-etinye aka na atụmatụ "Dignity Day" nke World Economic Forum, ma bụrụkwa onye isi oche maka Global Dignity for South Africa. <ref name="Dignity">{{Cite news|author=Pillay|first=Cadine|title=The right to dignity|url=http://www.mediaclubsouthafrica.com/youth-and-education/3098-the-right-to-dignity|accessdate=24 October 2014|work=Media Club South Africa|date=11 October 2012}}</ref> Na US-Africa Summit Summit na Washington DC na 2014, Mahanyele-Dabengwa bụ nanị nwanyị Africa na panel maka "Expanding Opportunities there: The New Era For Business In Africa", onye bụbu onye isi ala US Bill Clinton kwadoro . <ref name="Forbes2014" /> Ọ bụ onye ntụzi aka nke Vodacom, Gold Fields na Discovery Indure Ọ na-eje ozi na bọọdụ ndụmọdụ nke ụlọ akwụkwọ azụmahịa nke Stellenbosch University, <ref name="Reuters" /> na ọ bụ onye na-akwado National Education Empowerment Trust (NEET). <ref name="WEF">[http://www.weforum.org/young-global-leaders/phuti-mahanyele Phuti Mahanyele.] [[World Economic Forum]]. Retrieved 30 September 2014.</ref> == Ihe nrite ahọpụtara == * Akwụkwọ akụkọ Forbes maka "ụmụ nwanyị iri ise kachasị ike n'Africa" <ref>{{Cite web|author=Africa|first=Forbes|date=2020-03-06|title=Africa’s 50 Most Powerful Women|url=https://www.forbesafrica.com/cover-story/2020/03/06/africas-50-most-powerful-women/|accessdate=2021-01-30|work=Forbes Africa|language=en-US}}</ref> * CNBC Africa 's All Africa Business Leaders "Nrite nwanyị nke Afọ" <ref>{{Cite web|author=Gundan|first=Farai|title=In conversation with #AABLA2019 Business Woman of the Year Phuthi Mahanyele-Dabengwa|url=https://www.cnbcafrica.com/tag/all-africa-business-leaders-awards/|date=9 December 2019|accessdate=16 October 2020|work=cnbcafrica}}</ref> * ForbesWoman Africa Business Woman of the Year Award, 2014 <ref name="Forbes2014" /> * Ihe nrite nke "Distinguished Achievement Award" nke Douglass Society, 2013 <ref name="Douglass">{{Cite news|title=Phuti Mahanyele ’93 Douglass Society 2013 Honoree|url=http://www.douglassalumnae.org/mahanyele/|accessdate=24 October 2014|work=Spotlight on Alumnae|publisher=Associate Alumnae of Douglass College|date=September 5, 2013}}</ref> * Nwanyị Afrịka na-eduga na azụmaahịa. Ndị investors Africa, 2012 <ref name="WEF"/> * Rutgers Vision of Excellence Award. Mahadum Rutgers, 2011 <ref name="WEF" /> * Nwanyị kacha nwee mmetụta na gọọmentị na azụmaahịa - Ọrụ ego. 2009 <ref name="WEF" /> <ref name="Douglass" /> * ''Akwụkwọ akụkọ Wall Street Journal'' nke "ụmụ nwanyị iriacha elu n'ụwa ga-ekiri na 2008" <ref name="WEF" /> * Nzukọ Akụ na ụba Ụwa, Onye Ndú Ntorobịa Ụwa, 2007 <ref name="Forbes2014" /> == Ebensidee == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 9jkvknmcd3njpnvp6xnp6ycxyzvl1bb 0 12772 644170 228682 2026-05-30T18:03:31Z Chigozirim2005 19722 Fixed reference error 644170 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Maya Christinah Xichavo Wegerif'''&nbsp;(amụrụ 9 Mee 1992), onye amara dị ka '''Sho Madjozi''' ( / ʃ ɒˈmɑː dj ɔːr zɪ / shoh-mah-JOH -zee ), bụ onye South Africa onye na-agụ egwú rap, onye na-agụ egwú, onye na-ede abụ, onye na-eme ihe nkiri na onye na-ede uri. Madjozi tinyere omenala Tsonga site na egwu ya na onyonyo ọhaneze. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.papermag.com/sho-madjozi-gqom-2633586614.html|title=Meet Sho Madjozi, the Gqom Pop Star Making Pan-African Music|date=3 April 2019|work=Paper|accessdate=30 June 2020}}</ref> Na 2019, akpọrọ Madjozi ka otu n'ime mmadụ iri atọ nke <nowiki><i id="mwGw">Forbes</i></nowiki> Africa nọ ọgọ afọ iri atọ maka ntinye aka ya na mpaghara egwu na ntụrụndụ. <ref name=":03">{{Cite web|author=Mwendera|first=Karen|date=2019-07-01|title=#30Under30: Creatives Category 2019|url=https://www.forbesafrica.com/under-30/2019/07/01/30under30-creatives-category-2019/|accessdate=2021-01-15|work=Forbes Africa|language=en-US}}</ref> == Ndụ na ọrụ == === 1992 ruo 2016: Ndụ mbido na mmalite === A mụrụ Madjozi N'abalị iteghete nke ọnwa Mee afọ 1992 na Shirley Village, Elim, Limpopo, ada Rosemary Phweni na Marc Wegerif bụ onye na-elekọta otu na-abụghị nke gọọmentị nke e mere iji nyere ndị mmadụ aka na nkwupụta ala ha. Nne ya si na Africa ebe nna ya [[Ndi ocha|si Europe]] . <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.peoplemagazine.co.za/celebrity-news/5-interesting-facts-about-sho-madjozi/|title=5 Interesting Facts About Sho Madjozi!|work=Peoples Magazine|accessdate=2022-04-12|archivedate=2019-06-02|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190602202916/https://www.peoplemagazine.co.za/celebrity-news/5-interesting-facts-about-sho-madjozi/}}</ref> Mgbe nne na nna ya gbara alụkwaghịm mgbe ọ ka dị obere, ọ bụ nne ya zulitere ya. Majozi nwere ụmụnne nwanyị abụọ sitere n'akụkụ nne ya na nna ya. Dị ka nna ya, Marc Wegerif, na-eme njem mgbe nile na mpaghara ụfọdụ nke kọntinent ahụ, Madjozi nwere ohere iso nna ya mee njem - o soro ya gaa Dar es Salaam, [[Tanzania]], bụ ebe ọ rụrụ ọrụ maka òtù ọrụ ebere bụ Oxfam mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na ụma. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://mg.co.za/article/2018-11-16-00-sho-madjozis-musical-lineage-is-larger-than-large|title=Sho Madjozi's musical lineage is larger than large|work=Mail & Guardian}}</ref> O jikwa ụfọdụ oge na-ere uwe n'ahịa ndị dị na [[Senegal]] n'afọ 2016 iji gboo mkpa na ezinụlọ. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.channel24.co.za/The-Juice/News/sho-majozi-i-use-to-sell-clothes-at-a-market-in-senegal-to-make-ends-meet-20180526|title=Sho Majozi: ‘I used to sell clothes at a market in Senegal to make ends meet ’|author=Makgalemele|first=Thembisile|date=26 May 2018|work=Channel 24|accessdate=18 December 2019}}</ref> Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị na International School of Tanganyika na Tanzania, e nyere Madjozi akwụkwọ mmụta na Mount Holyoke College na South Hadley, [[Másáchusẹts|Massachusetts]] ,&nbsp;US, iji mụọ ihe okike na ọmụmụ Africa . Mgbe ọ nọ na US, ọ malitere ide abụ n'okpuru aha odide nke MayaThePoet. <ref name="bgc">{{Cite web|author=Dee|first=Christa|title=Maya the Poet becomes Sho Madjozi: Tsonga rap and the preservation of home|url=http://www.bubblegumclub.co.za/maya-the-poet-becomes-sho-madjozi-tsonga-rap-and-the-preservation-of-home/|work=Bubble Gum Club|accessdate=2022-04-12|archivedate=2017-09-01|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170901175342/http://www.bubblegumclub.co.za/maya-the-poet-becomes-sho-madjozi-tsonga-rap-and-the-preservation-of-home/}}</ref> Abụ ndị ahụ bụ gbasara ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, njirimara na agbụrụ. Majozi laghachiri na South Africa, ebe ọ malitere mkpakọrịta n'ịmụ akwụkwọ na Mahadum South Africa, Johannesburg, ma meekwa atụmatụ ịde abụ maka ndị ọzọ na-ese ihe na mpaghara. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Tseliso Monaheng|title=Sho Madjozi is manifesting her pan-African dreams|url=https://www.thefader.com/2018/06/01/sho-madjozi-dumi-hi-phone-south-africa-interview|publisher=The Fader|accessdate=12 March 2019}}</ref> Ọ malitere rap na ide egwu n'okpuru aha ogbo ya "Sho Madjozi". Madjozi ghọrọ onye ama ama ka ya na onye rapper Okmalumkoolkat jikọrọ aka na egwu "Ngiyashisa Bhe" na egwu bụ otu egwu bụ "Gqi". <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://amdb.co/lyrics/okmalumkoolkat/ngiyashisa-bhe|title=Okmalumkoolkat – Ngiyashisa Bhe! Ft. Sho Madjozi Lyrics & Video|work=AMDb|accessdate=2022-04-12|archivedate=2019-06-02|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190602202918/https://amdb.co/lyrics/okmalumkoolkat/ngiyashisa-bhe}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://sahiphopmag.co.za/2016/12/new-release-okmalumkoolkat-gqi/okmaluu/|title=New Release: Okmalumkoolkat – Gqi|work=SA Hip Hop Mag}}</ref> === 2017 ruo dị ugbu a: ''Limpopo Champions League'' === N'April 2017, Majozi mere ihe ngosi telivishọn ya dị ka otu n'ime ihe nkiri nke Mzansi Magic drama telenovela ''Isithembiso'' . Ọ gosiputarakwara kaTsakane Mboweni - agwa tinyere aka na ngosipụta ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ụmụ akwụkwọ - maka oge mbido. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.dailysun.co.za/Sunday-Sun/sho-madjozi-gets-tv-role-20170709|title=Sho Jadjozi Gets TV Role!|work=Daily Sun|accessdate=2022-04-12|archivedate=2019-06-05|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190605220345/https://www.dailysun.co.za/Sunday-Sun/sho-madjozi-gets-tv-role-20170709}}</ref> Madjozi wepụtara otu mpụta mbụ ya, "Dumi HiPhone", na-egosi diski jockey duo PS DJz, n'abalị iri abụọ na asatọ nke ọnwa Eprel 2017, nke ọha na eze nabatara nke ọma. Egwu a erughị na ndepụta egwu ikpeazụ na album mpụta mbụ Ọ pụtakwara na DJ Maphorisa ''BlaqBoy Music Presents Gqom Wave'' (2017), ebe egosipụtara ya na egwu "Probleme". <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/music/tracks/n5x9hz|title=Probleme (feat. Sho Madjozi & DJ Hu Nose) – DJ Maphorisa Song|work=BBC}}</ref> N'abalị iteghete nke ọnwa Maachị afọ 2018, o wepụtara onye ndu otu "Huku" na ọba mpụta mbụ ya. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.zkhiphani.co.za/sho-madjozi-finally-drops-new-single-huku/|title=Sho Madjozi Finally Drops New Single, Huku|work=Zkhiphani.com}}</ref> N'abalị irí abụọ na asaa nke ọnwa Jun 2018, Trace Urban South Africa kwuputara mmekorita ha na Majozi, na-eme ka ọ bụrụ onye nnọchi anya maka ndị na-eweta ekwentị mbụ TRACE Mobile. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.zkhiphani.co.za/sho-madjozi-trace-mobile/|title=Watch the Full Trace Mobile & Sho Madjozi partnership launch|work=Zkhipani}}</ref> N'August, Madjozi n'akụkụ onye na-abụ abụ Chris Martin kwupụtara ma kọwaa otú ntinye ọrụ nke Global Citizen Festival : Mandela 100, site na vidiyo YouTube nke Global Citizen tinyere. Mgbe e mesịrị na abalị abụọ nke ọnwa&nbsp;Disemba afọ 2018, Sho Madjozi rụrụ na Global Citizen Festival: Mandela 100, nke [[Beyoncé Knowles|Beyonce]] na Jay-Z gbara isiokwu ya. <ref>{{Cite news|author=Hlalethwa|first=Zaza|title=Global Citizen: Preaching the good news according to Madiba|url=https://mg.co.za/article/2018-12-04-global-citizen-preaching-the-good-news-according-to-madiba|accessdate=5 December 2018|work=Mail & Guardian|date=4 December 2018}}</ref> ''Limpopo Champions League'', album studio mpụta mbụ nke Madjozi, ka ewepụtara n'abali iri na anọ nke ọnwa Disemba afọ 2018. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Sabelo Mkabela|title=Listen to Sho Madjozi's Debut Album ‘Limpopo Champions League’ Featuring Kwesta, pH, Makwa, Ycee and More|url=https://www.okayafrica.com/sho-madjozi-debut-album-listen/|publisher=Okay Africa|accessdate=5 February 2019|date=14 December 2018}}</ref> Ihe nkiri ''Trickshot'' dị mkpirikpi nke nkeji ise akwadokwara ọba ahụ nke ọtụtụ egwu sitere na ọba ahụ mebere. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bona.co.za/sho-madjozi-releases-trickshot-film-for-valentines-day/|title=Sho Madjozi releases Trickshot film for Valentine's Day|work=Bona Magazine|accessdate=2022-04-12|archivedate=2019-06-02|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190602202927/https://www.bona.co.za/sho-madjozi-releases-trickshot-film-for-valentines-day/}}</ref> N'abalị mbụ nke ọnwa Jun afọ 2019, Majozi nwetara mmeri abụọ na mbipụta nke iri abụọ na ise nke South Africa Music Awards maka onye bịara ọhụrụ nke afọ yana maka album nwanyị kacha mma. Ọ natakwara ndị nhọpụta maka otu: Best Music Video maka "Huku" na maka Best Kwaito, Gqom & AmaPiano Album maka ''Limpopo Champions League'' . <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.timeslive.co.za/tshisa-live/tshisa-live/2019-06-01-sho-madjozi-makes-her-mark-at-sama25/|title=Sho Madjozi makes her mark at #SAMA25|work=TimesLIVE}}</ref> ma n'abalị iri abụọ na atọ nke ọnwa Jun afọ 2019, Madjozi nwetara nturu ugo BET maka iwu mba ụwa kacha mma na BET Awards 2019 . <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thesouthafrican.com/lifestyle/bet-awards-2019-sho-madjozi-complete-winners-list/|title=BET Awards 2019: Sho Madjozi wins big, complete winners list|work=The South African}}</ref> N'ọnwa Julaị afọ 2019, akwụkwọ akụkọ Forbes kpọrọ Madjozi n'etiti ndị iri atọ n'okpuru ndepụta ihe okike ndepụta ndị ogo afọ irí atọ maka ntinye aka ya na mpaghara ''egwu na ntụrụndụ'', <ref name=":02">{{Cite web|author=Mwendera|first=Karen|date=2019-07-01|title=#30Under30: Creatives Category 2019|url=https://www.forbesafrica.com/under-30/2019/07/01/30under30-creatives-category-2019/|accessdate=2021-01-15|work=Forbes Africa|language=en-US}}</ref> ndepụta ahụ gosipụtara ihe okike ndị ntorobịa Africa ndị ọzọ dị ka onye egwu Naijiria [[Burna Boy]], onye na-eme ihe nkiri South Africa, TV. na àgwà redio Thando Thabethe, onye Ghana oge a na-eme ihe Joseph Awuah-Darko, nke a makwaara dị ka Okuntakinte na onye nduzi ihe nkiri Kenya, onye na-emepụta ihe na onye na -edepụta ihe nkiri Njue Kevin . <ref>{{Cite web|title=PIC: Boity shows off her Forbes 30 under 30 certificate: "I’m framing this"|url=https://www.news24.com/drum/celebs/pic-boity-shows-off-her-forbes-30-under-30-certificate-im-framing-this-20190718|accessdate=2021-01-15|work=Drum|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|author=Goldman|first=Lauren|date=28 August 2019|title=Inclusion for all - The women on Forbes Africa 30 Under 30 list|url=https://now.vodacom.co.za/article/the-women-on-forbes-africa-30-under-30-list|archiveurl=|archivedate=|accessdate=2021-01-15|work=Vodacom Now!|language=en}}</ref> N'abali iri na ise nke ọnwa ọgọstụ afọ 2019, Madjozi pụtara ngosipụta egwu zuru ụwa ọnụ bụ COLORS, ebe ọ rụrụ egwu ya akpọrọ " John Cena " nke a na-akpọkarị onye Na enye ya mkpalị mmụọ bụ onye mgba aha ya bụ John Cena . <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cosmopolitan.co.za/celebrities/sho-madjozi-on-colors/|title=Sho Madjozi is the Next Artist on International Platform 'COLORS' – Cosmopolitan|work=Cosmopolitan|accessdate=2022-04-12|archivedate=2020-05-04|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200504063042/https://www.cosmopolitan.co.za/celebrities/sho-madjozi-on-colors/}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bona.co.za/watch-sho-madjozis-electric-colors-performance/|title=WATCH: Sho Madjozi's electric COLORS performance|work=Bona Magazine|accessdate=2022-04-12|archivedate=2020-12-05|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20201205120500/https://www.bona.co.za/watch-sho-madjozis-electric-colors-performance/}}</ref> Egwu gqom -genre wuru ewu na mpaghara, tumadi na South Africa ka o nwetara ndị nkiri nde abụọ, bụ ihe ịga nke ọma abịa na ngalaba egwu [COLOURS]. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.timeslive.co.za/tshisa-live/tshisa-live/2019-09-03-sho-madjozis-john-cena-hits-two-million-views-on-youtube-in-just-two-weeks/|title=Sho Madjozi's 'John Cena' hits two million views on YouTube in just two weeks|work=TimesLIVE}}</ref> Ọtụtụ ndị a ma ama na-eto Madjozi maka abụ ahụ, gụnyere onye na-agụ egwú Missy Elliott, bụ onye gosihachiri vidiyo ya na ibe nzirite ozi Twitter ya, ebe ọkachamara mgba John Cena tinyere Madjozi na akaụntụ Instagram ya. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.timeslive.co.za/tshisa-live/tshisa-live/2019-08-19-heres-what-john-cena-thinks-of-sho-madjozi-after-she-named-a-track-after-him/|title=Here's what John Cena thinks of Sho Madjozi after she named a track after him|work=TimesLIVE}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.capitalfm.co.ke/thesauce/south-african-bet-award-winner-sho-madjozi-impresses-kenyans-with-yet-another-swahili-rap-song/|title=South African BET award winner Sho Madjozi impresses Kenyans with yet another Swahili rap song|work=[[98.4 Capital FM|Capital FM]]|author=Murugi Gichovi}}</ref> O mechara wepụtaegwu a akpọrọ "John Cena" dị ka otu egwu ama ama n'abalị iri abụọ na asaa nke ọnwa Septemba nke afọ 2019. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.702.co.za/articles/362027/sho-madjozi-officially-drops-viral-hit-john-cena-and-shares-inspo-behind-it|title=Sho Madjozi officially drops viral hit 'John Cena' and shares inspo behind it|work=702}}</ref> N'abalị asaa N'ọnwa Nọvemba 2019, Madjozi pụtara na ''Kelly Clarkson Show'' iji kwuo maka egwu ahụ. Mgbe ọ n'eme ngosi dị ka ọbịa, John Cena si azụ ya bịa nke tụrụ ya n'anya. Vidiyo nke mmeghachi omume ya wee gbasaa, dịka o kwuru na ọ bụ nrọ nke ya izute Cena n'onwe ya. Na emume nke anọ nke Mzansi Kwaito na House Music Awards, ọ meriri ihe nrite Gqom Artist kacha mma. <ref>{{Cite web|title=The Mzansi Kwaito and House Music Awards (MKHMA) Winner’s announced {{!}} SA Music News Magazine|url=https://www.samusicnews.co.za/entertainment/the-mzansi-kwaito-and-house-music-awards-mkhma-winners-announced/|date=December 5, 2019|work=SA Music News Magazine|accessdate=April 12, 2022|archivedate=March 31, 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220331114256/https://www.samusicnews.co.za/entertainment/the-mzansi-kwaito-and-house-music-awards-mkhma-winners-announced/}}</ref> N'abalị iri abụọ na asaa nke ọnwa Nọvemba afọ 2020, Madjozi wepụtara mixtape mbụ ya akpọrọ What a Life, na-egosipụta ụfọdụ talent obodo ndị sitere na mpaghara obibi ya na Limpopo, gụnyere omume dịka Makhadzi na akụkọ egwu ọdịnala Xitsonga Dr Thomas Chauke . Ngwakọta ahụ bụ otu n'ime ihe ndị a ma ama nke Madjozi wepụtara bụ nke o lekwasịrị anya nke ukwuu n'ịkwalite ahịa obodo ya na ịkwalite ndị na-eme ihe na-ewu ewu site na omenala Xitsonga ya, mana ọba ahụ nwere egwu dị otú ahụ nke nwere ike ịbanye n'ahịa mba ụwa na obere gqom bangers na ụda nnwale. . <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.digitaltsonga.com/%26page%3Dmedia_news/2020/Madjozi_Unveils_Cover_and_Tracklist_for_What_a_Life_Mixtape|title=Madjozi Unveils Cover and Tracklist for What a Life Mixtape|work=DigitalTsonga.com|accessdate=2022-04-12|archivedate=2020-12-06|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20201206064113/https://www.digitaltsonga.com/%26page%3Dmedia_news/2020/Madjozi_Unveils_Cover_and_Tracklist_for_What_a_Life_Mixtape}}</ref> == Oyiyi ọha == Majozi na-eji ụdị mbinye aka Tsonga gbasara egwu ya na ụdị ejiji ya. N'ịbụ onye na-anya isi na omenala ya, Tsonga, ọ na-ejikarị ejiji omenala eme egwuregwu. Madjozi na- agbakarị egwu xibelani ebe ọ na-eyi sket a na-akpọ ''tinguvu'' n'úkwù, wee maa jijiji n'úkwù nke na-eme ka a na-ege ntị n'ihe omume ya. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.w24.co.za/Style/Fashion/Style/sho-madjozi-and-her-unique-style-sum-up-everything-thats-right-about-sa-right-now-20181206|title=Sho Madjozi and her unique style sum up everything that's right about SA right now|work=W24}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thefader.com/2018/09/28/sho-madjozi-first-times-video|title=Sho Madjozi on Pitch Black Afro, bringing the Xibelani to the club, and more in First Times video|work=The Fader}}</ref> E wezụga ụdị omenala ya nwere mmetụta, Madjozi na-egosipụta ihe oyiyi mara mma nke nwere ọtụtụ ihe agbakwunyere. Onye edemede na-enweghị atụ Kenny Morifi-Winslow gbakwụnyere, "Echere m na enwere ike ịnyefe ume mgbe akụkụ ọkacha mmasị anyị nke ọha ọha na-aghọ ihe anyị zoro n'onwe anyị ma ọ bụ gbalịa ịgbanwe", na-aja Madjozi mma. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://thethirdcitizen.com/home/14/9/2017-2|title=Sho Madjozi: Heritage In The Here & Now|work=IIIRD Citizen}}</ref> Na mgbakwunye asụsụ Tsonga, Madjozi na-asụkwa asụsụ Swahili nke ọma. Egwu ya jikọtara asụsụ abụọ tinyere Bekee ma na-amasị ọtụtụ ndị na-ege ntị. === Ụdị ndozi ntutu isi === "Ntutu isim n'egosipụta ọdịnihu nke Afro. Ajụjụ abụrụ: Gịnị ga ka nwa Nwanyi Afrịka n'etolite etolite ama ama ga-abụ ọ bụrụ na ihe ike nke ino n'okpuru ọchịchị ndị isi ọcha na nkewa agburu? Ntụtụ isim bu ọsịsa ya. A maara Madjozi nke ọma maka ntutu isi ya nke dị ka ụmụ nwanyị Fulani na ndị Tuareg . <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.vogue.com/vogueworld/article/sho-madjozi-rapper-global-100-style-profile-tsonga-south-africa-gqom|title=Tsonga Rapper Sho Madjozi Is the Radical New Poster Child for Pan-African Pride|work=Vogue}}</ref> Ụkpụrụ ndozi isi na-emetụta ụmụ agbọghọ na ụmụ nwanyị bụ nke ghọrọ ihe na-emekarị site na afọ ọganihu ya (2016) na South Africa na mpaghara ndị ọzọ. O nwetakwara mkpali site n'otu egwu Boom Shaka ụmụ nwanyị na-abụ abụ, Thembi Seete na onye nwụrụ anwụ bụ Lebo Mathosa, yana kwa onye ọbụ abụ Thandiswa Mazwai 's braids iconic. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.w24.co.za/Style/Beauty/Hairstyles/sho-madjozi-on-all-things-hair-and-braids-20190320|title=Sho Madjozi on all things hair and braids|work=W24}}</ref> == Ihe nrite na nhọpụta == {| class="wikitable" !Afọ ! Ememe ihe nrite ! Ihe nrite ! Ọrụ/onye nnata ! Nsonaazụ |- | rowspan="9" | 2019 | rowspan="4" | South African Music Awards | Nwanyị nka nke afọ <ref>{{Cite web|title=Sho Madjozi makes her mark at #SAMA25|url=https://www.timeslive.co.za/tshisa-live/tshisa-live/2019-06-01-sho-madjozi-makes-her-mark-at-sama25/|work=TimesLIVE|accessdate=26 June 2019}}</ref> | ''Limpopo Champions League'' | {{Won}} |- | Kachasị mma ọhụrụ | Onwe ya | {{Won}} |- | Vidio egwu kacha mma | ''"'' Huku ''"'' | {{Nom}} |- | Best Kwaito, Gqom ma ọ bụ Amapiano Album | ''Limpopo Champions League''| {{Nom}} |- | rowspan="3" | | Kachasị mma ọhụrụ | Onwe ya |{{Nom}} |- | Kachasị mma nwanyị South Africa | Onwe ya |{{Nom}} |- | AFRIMA Vidio nke Afọ | ''"'' Idhom ''"'' |{{Nom}} |- | Ihe nrite BET | Iwu mba ụwa ọhụrụ kacha mma <ref>{{Cite web|title=From the Village to a Superstar: Sho Madjozi Wins BET Award|url=https://ewn.co.za/2019/06/24/from-the-village-to-a-superstar-sho-madjozi-wins-bet-award|work=ewn.co.za|accessdate=24 June 2019}}</ref> | Onwe ya | {{Won}} |- | Ihe nrite talent nke Afrika <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://africantalentsawards.com/?page_id=2682|title=Best African song of the year – African Talents Awards|language=fr-FR|accessdate=16 December 2019|archivedate=16 December 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20191216023002/https://africantalentsawards.com/%3Fpage_id%3D2682/}}</ref> | Abụ Africa kacha mma n'afọ | ''"'' John Cena ''"'' |{{Nom}} |- | 2019 | 4th Mzansi Kwaito and House Music Awards <ref>{{Cite web|title=Mzansi Kwaito and House Music Awards Winners!|url=https://www.dailysun.co.za/Celebs/full-list-of-mkhma-winners-2019-20191202|first=Sun|author=Reporter|date=December 2, 2019|work=Daily Sun}}</ref> | Best Gqom Artist | Onwe ya |{{Won}} |- | rowspan="3" | 2020 | Ihe nrite BET | Iwu mba ụwa kacha mma | Onwe ya |{{Nom}} |- | rowspan="2" | Nickelodeon Kids Choice Awards | Kpakpando Egwu zuru ụwa ọnụ ọkacha mmasị | rowspan="2" | Onwe ya |{{Nom}} |- | Kpakpando ọkacha mmasị (Africa) <ref>{{Cite web|title=Sho Madjozi Wins 'Favorite African Star' at 2020 Nickelodeon Kids' Choice Awards|url=https://www.okayafrica.com/sho-madjozi-wins-favourite-african-star-nickelodean-awards/|work=OkayAfrica|accessdate=16 June 2021|language=en|date=2020-05-06}}</ref> |{{Won}} |- | rowspan="2" | 2020 | rowspan="2" | 2020 African Entertainment Awards USA | Onye nka nwanyi kacha mma <ref>{{Cite web|work=Music In Africa|url=https://www.musicinafrica.net/magazine/africa-entertainment-awards-usa-2020-all-winners=|title=Africa Entertainment Awards USA 2020: All the winners|first=Lucy|author=Ilado|date=22 December 2020}}</ref> | Onwe ya |{{Nom}} |- | Hip hop/Rap kacha mma | Onwe ya |{{Nom}} |- | rowspan="3" | 2021 | rowspan="2" | Ihe nrite egwu South Africa <ref>{{Cite web|title=Here's The Lowdown On The 2021 South African Music Awards Nominees List|url=https://www.okayafrica.com/everything-you-need-to-know-about-the-2021-south-african-music-awards-nominees-list/|work=OkayAfrica|accessdate=16 June 2021|language=en|date=2021-05-21}}</ref> | Nwanyị nka nke afọ | rowspan="2" | Gịnị bụ Ndụ |{{Won}} |- | Album egwu ọdịnala kacha mma |{{Won}} |- | MTV Africa Music Award | Iwu ụmụ nwanyị kacha mma <ref>{{Cite web|title=Here Are the 2021 MTV Africa Music Awards Nominees|url=https://www.okayafrica.com/mtv-africa-music-awards-2021-nominees-announced/|work=OkayAfrica|accessdate=16 June 2021|language=en|date=2020-12-11}}</ref> | Onwe ya |{{pending}} |} == Ihe ngosi == === Albọm Studio === {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center;" ! scope="col" style="width:8em;" |Aha ! scope="col" style="width:18em;" | Nkọwa Album |- ! scope="row" | ''Limpopo Champions League'' | * E wepụtara: 14 Disemba 2018 * akara: Na-eto eto ma na-amụba * Ụdị: CD, nbudata dijitalụ |} === Ndị dị otu === {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center;" ! scope="col" style="width:12em;" |Aha ! scope="col" style="width:20em;" | Nkọwa ! Asambodo ! scope="col" style="width: 12em;" | Album |- ! scope="row" | "Dumi HiPhone"<br /><br /><br /><br /><nowiki></br></nowiki> <span style="font-size:85%;">(ya na PS DJz)</span> | * E wepụtara: 28 Eprel 2017 * Ụdị: Nbudata dijitalụ | - |{{N/A|Non-album single}} |- ! scope="row" | "Huku" <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://music.apple.com/us/album/huku-single/1355620011|title=Huku – Single by Sho Madjozi|publisher=Apple Music|accessdate=8 September 2019|archivedate=18 October 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20191018132745/https://music.apple.com/us/album/huku-single/1355620011}}</ref> | * Ewepụtara: 9 Maachị 2018 * Ụdị: Nbudata dijitalụ | * RiSA : Platinum | rowspan="3" | ''Limpopo Champions League'' |- ! scope="row" | "Wakanda ruo mgbe ebighị ebi" <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://africanmuzikmag.com/sho-madjozi-wakanda-forever-ft-ycee/|title=Sho Jadjozi – "Wakanda Forever" FT. YCEE|publisher=African Muzik Magazine|accessdate=8 September 2019|archivedate=24 September 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190924131537/http://africanmuzikmag.com/sho-madjozi-wakanda-forever-ft-ycee/}}</ref> | * E wepụtara: 30 Nọvemba 2018 * Ụdị: Nbudata dijitalụ | * RiSA: ọla edo <ref name="Tweet1"> * |- ! scope="row" |"Idhom" <ref name=":0" /> | * Ewepụtara: 2 June 2019 * Ụdị: Nbudata dijitalụ | - |- ! scope="row" | " John Cena " <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=http://www.capetalk.co.za/articles/362027/sho-madjozi-officially-drops-viral-hit-john-cena-and-shares-inspo-behind-it|title=Sho Madjozi officially drops viral hit 'John Cena' and shares inspo behind it|work=Cape Talk}}</ref> | * Ewepụtara: 27 Septemba 2019 * Ụdị: Nbudata dijitalụ | - |{{N/A|Non-album single}} |- ! scope="row" | "Kona" <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.okayafrica.com/african-music-songs-you-need-to-hear-dec-18/?rebelltitem=2|title=Sho Madjozi 'Kona'|work=OkayAfrica}}</ref> | * Ewepụtara: 16 Disemba 2019 * Ụdị: Nbudata dijitalụ | - | ''Limpopo Champions League'' |} === Ndị dị otu anakwalite === {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center;" ! scope="col" style="width:12em;" |Aha ! scope="col" style="width:20em;" | Nkọwa ! scope="col" style="width:12em;" | Album |- ! scope="row" | "Agwala m ihe m ga-eme" <ref name="Apple1">{{Cite web|url=https://music.apple.com/us/album/limpopo-champions-ldownload44846207|title=Limpopo Champions League by Sho Madjozi|work=Apple Music|accessdate=2022-04-12|archivedate=2021-05-21|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210521053415/https://music.apple.com/us/album/limpopo-champions-ldownload44846207}}</ref> | * Ụdị: Nbudata dijitalụ | ''Limpopo Champions League'' |} == Ebemsidee == {{Reflist|}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Ụmụ Nwanyị South Afrika nwéré Uri]] [[Òtù:Ndị Mmadụ si Limpopo]] [[Òtù:Ndị gụsịrị Akwụkwọ na Mahadum South Afrika]] [[Òtù:Ndị amụrụ n'afọ 1992]] [[Òtù:Ndị gụsịrị Akwụkwọ na Mount Holyoke]] [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 0pkijj1phv2jkz38pz1q71bmq6iaank 0 13332 644104 125641 2026-05-30T15:57:43Z Adimora chidinma 15845 644104 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} {{Infobox officeholder|name=Samuel Eto'o|birth_date={{Birth date and age|1981|3|10|df=y}}|signature_alt=|signature=|occupation=[[Footballer]]<br>Football administrator|nationality=Cameroonian|height=1.80 m<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fcbarcelona.cat/web/english/futbol/temporada_08-09/plantilla/jugadors/etoo.html|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120803104342/http://www.fcbarcelona.cat/web/english/futbol/temporada_08-09/plantilla/jugadors/etoo.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=3 August 2012|title=Samuel Eto'o Fils|work=fcbarcelona.cat}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.chelseafc.com/first-team/player/28608/title/samuel--eto'o |title=Home &#124; Official Site &#124; Chelsea Football Club |access-date=23 December 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140122083838/http://www.chelseafc.com/first-team/player/28608/title/samuel--eto'o |archive-date=22 January 2014}}</ref>|birth_place=[[Douala]], Cameroon<ref>{{cite web |publisher=FC Internazionale Milano |title=Samuel Eto'o Fils |access-date=12 January 2009 |url=http://www.inter.it/aas/squadra/player1?codgioc=G0854&L=en&stagione=2009/10 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090731150712/http://www.inter.it/aas/squadra/player1?codgioc=G0854&L=en&stagione=2009%2F10 |archive-date=31 July 2009 |accessdate=15 May 2022 |archivedate=31 July 2009 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090731150712/http://www.inter.it/aas/squadra/player1?codgioc=G0854&L=en&stagione=2009%2F10 }}</ref>|birth_name=Samuel Eto'o Fils<ref name="Premier League Clubs submit Squad Lists">{{Cite news |title=Premier League Clubs submit Squad Lists |url=http://www.premierleague.com/content/dam/premierleague/site-content/News/publications/squad-lists/Premier-League-Squad-Lists-September-2013.pdf |publisher=Premier League |page=8 |date=4 September 2013 |access-date=5 September 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131008050546/http://www.premierleague.com/content/dam/premierleague/site-content/News/publications/squad-lists/Premier-League-Squad-Lists-September-2013.pdf |archive-date= 8 October 2013 }}</ref>|image=Samuel 2011.jpg|successor=|predecessor=Seidou Mbombo Njoya|term_end=|term_start=11 December 2021<ref name=FECAFOOT>{{Cite web|title=Former Cameroon star Eto'o elected president of national federation|url=https://www.sowetanlive.co.za/sport/soccer/2021-12-11-former-cameroon-star-etoo-elected-president-of-national-federation/|access-date=2021-12-11|website=SowetanLIVE|language=en-ZA}}</ref>|office=Cameroonian Football Federation|order=President of|caption=Eto'o in 2011|module={{Infobox football biography|embed=yes|header-color=lavender | position = [[Forward (association football)#Striker|Striker]] | youthyears1 = 1992–1996 | youthclubs1 = [[Kadji Sports Academy]] | youthyears2 = 1996–1997 | youthclubs2 = [[La Fábrica (Real Madrid)|Real Madrid]] | years1 = 1997–2000 | clubs1 = [[Real Madrid CF|Real Madrid]] | caps1 = 3 | goals1 = 0 | years2 = 1997–1998 | clubs2 = → [[CD Leganés|Leganés]] (loan) | caps2 = 28 | goals2 = 3 | years3 = 1999 | clubs3 = → [[RCD Espanyol|Espanyol]] (loan) | caps3 = 0 | goals3 = 0 | years4 = 2000 | clubs4 = → [[RCD Mallorca|Mallorca]] (loan) | caps4 = 13 | goals4 = 6 | years5 = 2000–2004 | clubs5 = [[RCD Mallorca|Mallorca]] | caps5 = 120 | goals5 = 48 | years6 = 2004–2009 | clubs6 = [[FC Barcelona|Barcelona]] | caps6 = 144 | goals6 = 108 | years7 = 2009–2011 | clubs7 = [[Inter Milan]] | caps7 = 67 | goals7 = 33 | years8 = 2011–2013 | clubs8 = [[FC Anzhi Makhachkala|Anzhi Makhachkala]] | caps8 = 53 | goals8 = 25 | years9 = 2013–2014 | clubs9 = [[Chelsea F.C.|Chelsea]] | caps9 = 21 | goals9 = 9 | years10 = 2014–2015 | clubs10 = [[Everton F.C.|Everton]] | caps10 = 14 | goals10 = 3 | years11 = 2015 | clubs11 = [[U.C. Sampdoria|Sampdoria]] | caps11 = 18 | goals11 = 2 | years12 = 2015–2018 | clubs12 = [[Antalyaspor]] | caps12 = 76 | goals12 = 44 | years13 = 2018 | clubs13 = [[Konyaspor]] | caps13 = 13 | goals13 = 6 | years14 = 2018–2019 | clubs14 = [[Qatar SC]] | caps14 = 17 | goals14 = 6 | totalcaps = 587 | totalgoals = 293 | nationalyears1 = 2000 | nationalteam1 = [[Cameroon national under-23 football team|Cameroon U23]] | nationalcaps1 = 6 | nationalgoals1 = 1 | nationalyears2 = 1997–2014 | nationalteam2 = [[Cameroon national football team|Cameroon]] | nationalcaps2 = 118 | nationalgoals2 = [[List of international goals scored by Samuel Eto'o|56]] | manageryears1 = 2015–2016 | managerclubs1 = [[Antalyaspor]] (interim player-manager) | medaltemplates = {{MedalSport|Men's [[Association Football|Football]]}} {{MedalCountry|{{fb|CMR}}}} {{MedalCompetition|[[Football at the Summer Olympics|Olympic Games]]}} {{MedalGold|[[2000 Summer Olympics|2000 Sydney]] | [[Football at the 2000 Summer Olympics|Team]]}} {{MedalCompetition|[[Africa Cup of Nations]]}} {{Medal|Winner|[[2000 African Cup of Nations|2000 Ghana–Nigeria]]|}} {{Medal|Winner|[[2002 African Cup of Nations|2002 Mali]]|}} {{Medal|Runnerup|[[2008 African Cup of Nations|2008 Ghana]]|}} {{MedalCompetition|[[FIFA Confederations Cup]]}} {{Medal|RU|[[2003 FIFA Confederations Cup|2003 France]]|}} }}}} <references /> '''Samuel Eto'o Fils''' (Etu ndi France si akpọ ya: <span class="IPA" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[sam·ɛl eto fis]</span>; amụrụ ya n'ụbọchị nke iri (10) n'ọnwa Machị n'afọ 1981) bụ onye nchịkwa [[Footbọl|bọọlụ]] Cameroon na onye bụbu onye egwuregwu bụ onye isi oche nke Cameroon Football Federation site na abalị iri na otu na onwa Disemba, na afọ 2021.<ref name="FECAFOOT" /> N'oge ọ na-eto eto, ndị ọkachamara na-ele Eto'o anya dị ka otu n'ime ndị na-eti egwu kachasị mma n'ụwa, a na-ewerekwa ya dị ka otu n'ime ndị egwuregwu Afrịka kachasị ukwuu n'oge niile, na-emeri African Player of the Year ugboro anọ: na 2003, 2004, 2005, na 2010.<ref name=":0" /><ref name="britannica.com" /> Eto'o bụ onye nwere nkà na-eto eto, ọ kwagara Real Madrid mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na isii. Eto'o kwupụtara ezumike nká ya na bọọlụ mba ụwa n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ afọ 2014. N'oge ọ bụ nwata, ndị ọkachamara na-ahụ Eto'o dịka otu n'ime ndị na-agba bọọlụ kachasị mma n'ụwa.;<ref name=":0">{{cite web|url=http://www.inter.it/en/news/36530|title=Leonardo: "Eto'o, one of the world's best"|publisher=Inter.it|access-date=14 December 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141215002842/http://www.inter.it/en/news/36530|archive-date=15 December 2014}}</ref><ref name="world's best striker"/><ref name="deserved"/> a na-ahụta ya ugbu a dịka otu n'ime ndị egwuregwu Afrịka kachasị mma n'oge niile.<ref name=britannica.com>{{cite web|url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/760468/Samuel-Etoo|title=Samuel Eto'o|publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica|website=britannica.com|access-date=14 December 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141010011103/http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/760468/Samuel-Etoo|archive-date=10 October 2014}}</ref> A na-akpọkarị ya otu n'ime ndị egwuregwu atọ kachasị mma n'Africa, tinyere [[George Weah]] na [[Didier Drogba]].<ref name="Greatest">{{cite news |title=Top 10 Greatest African Strikers |url=http://www.joburgpost.co.za/2017/06/06/top-10-greatest-african-strikers/ |access-date=23 August 2018 |work=Johannesburg Post}}</ref><ref name="African strikers">{{cite news |title=Where Didier Drogba Ranks Alongside Africa's 20 Best Strikers |url=https://bleacherreport.com/articles/1973969-where-didier-drogba-ranks-alongside-africas-20-best-strikers#slide16 |access-date=23 August 2018 |work=Bleacher Report}}</ref> N'agbanyeghị na ọ na-efunahụ ụfọdụ ọsọ ya ka ọ na-etolite, ọ nọgidere na-enwe ike ịgba goolu mgbe niile dịka onye na-agba bọọlụ, n'ihi ikike ya ịbanye n'ọnọdụ dị mma na oge ịgba ọsọ mwakpo ya, dịka egosiri site na goolu o nyere na mmeri 6-3 megide Chelsea na 30 Ọgọst 2014, n'oge ọ nọ na Everton.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/0/football/28906778|title=Everton 3 Chelsea 6|publisher=BBC Sport.com|first1=Chris|last1=Bevan|date=30 August 2014|access-date=7 January 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160105140152/http://www.bbc.com/sport/0/football/28906778|archive-date=5 January 2016}}</ref> E wezụga ọsọ ya na ịgba goolu ya, a makwaara Eto'o maka mmetụ aka mbụ ya, njikwa nso, na ikike ịgbafe bọọlụ n'oge ntorobịa ya; ọbụlagodi n'oge ọ na-aka nká, ọ nọgidere na-enwe nkà [[Dribbling#Association football|dribbling]] n'ọrụ ya mgbe e mesịrị, nke o ji mee ihe bara uru iji merie ndị na-agbachitere ma nyere aka ma ọ bụ mepụta ohere maka ndị otu egwuregwu ya.<ref name="world's best striker"/>{{cite web|url=http://www.whoscored.com/Players/159|title=Eto'o style of play and statistics.|website=whoscored.com|access-date=25 June 2015|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150626115146/http://www.whoscored.com/Players/159|archive-date=26 June 2015}}</ref> Mgbe ọ dị afọ iri atọ, Eto'o tinyere usoro 'agadi nwoke' n'ime [[emume goolu]] ya - nzaghachi nye okwu José Mourinho gbasara ịka nká - ebe ọ gbadoro ụkwụ wee malite ije ije nwayọ nwayọ na mkpara echepụtara echepụta, ebe a na-egosi emume ahụ na EA Sports' ''[[FIFA (video game series)|FIFA]]'' video game ''[[FIFA 18]]''.<ref>{{cite news |title=How to do the 12 new FIFA 18 celebrations – plus more of our favourites |url=https://www.fourfourtwo.com/features/how-do-12-new-fifa-18-celebrations-plus-more-our-favourites?page=0%2C2 |access-date=11 October 2018 |work=FourFourTwo |archive-date=27 November 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181127144855/https://www.fourfourtwo.com/features/how-do-12-new-fifa-18-celebrations-plus-more-our-favourites |url-status=dead }}</ref> hcrh9t2jsm21dinzrc635fbqeccim97 644122 644104 2026-05-30T16:52:19Z Adimora chidinma 15845 644122 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|name=Samuel Eto'o|birth_date={{Birth date and age|1981|3|10|df=y}}|signature_alt=|signature=|occupation=[[Footballer]]<br>Football administrator|nationality=Cameroonian|height=1.80 m<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fcbarcelona.cat/web/english/futbol/temporada_08-09/plantilla/jugadors/etoo.html|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120803104342/http://www.fcbarcelona.cat/web/english/futbol/temporada_08-09/plantilla/jugadors/etoo.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=3 August 2012|title=Samuel Eto'o Fils|work=fcbarcelona.cat}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.chelseafc.com/first-team/player/28608/title/samuel--eto'o |title=Home &#124; Official Site &#124; Chelsea Football Club |access-date=23 December 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140122083838/http://www.chelseafc.com/first-team/player/28608/title/samuel--eto'o |archive-date=22 January 2014}}</ref>|birth_place=[[Douala]], Cameroon<ref>{{cite web |publisher=FC Internazionale Milano |title=Samuel Eto'o Fils |access-date=12 January 2009 |url=http://www.inter.it/aas/squadra/player1?codgioc=G0854&L=en&stagione=2009/10 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090731150712/http://www.inter.it/aas/squadra/player1?codgioc=G0854&L=en&stagione=2009%2F10 |archive-date=31 July 2009 |accessdate=15 May 2022 |archivedate=31 July 2009 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090731150712/http://www.inter.it/aas/squadra/player1?codgioc=G0854&L=en&stagione=2009%2F10 }}</ref>|birth_name=Samuel Eto'o Fils<ref name="Premier League Clubs submit Squad Lists">{{Cite news |title=Premier League Clubs submit Squad Lists |url=http://www.premierleague.com/content/dam/premierleague/site-content/News/publications/squad-lists/Premier-League-Squad-Lists-September-2013.pdf |publisher=Premier League |page=8 |date=4 September 2013 |access-date=5 September 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131008050546/http://www.premierleague.com/content/dam/premierleague/site-content/News/publications/squad-lists/Premier-League-Squad-Lists-September-2013.pdf |archive-date= 8 October 2013 }}</ref>|image=Samuel 2011.jpg|successor=|predecessor=Seidou Mbombo Njoya|term_end=|term_start=11 December 2021<ref name=FECAFOOT>{{Cite web|title=Former Cameroon star Eto'o elected president of national federation|url=https://www.sowetanlive.co.za/sport/soccer/2021-12-11-former-cameroon-star-etoo-elected-president-of-national-federation/|access-date=2021-12-11|website=SowetanLIVE|language=en-ZA}}</ref>|office=Cameroonian Football Federation|order=President of|caption=Eto'o in 2011|module={{Infobox football biography|embed=yes|header-color=lavender | position = [[Forward (association football)#Striker|Striker]] | youthyears1 = 1992–1996 | youthclubs1 = [[Kadji Sports Academy]] | youthyears2 = 1996–1997 | youthclubs2 = [[La Fábrica (Real Madrid)|Real Madrid]] | years1 = 1997–2000 | clubs1 = [[Real Madrid CF|Real Madrid]] | caps1 = 3 | goals1 = 0 | years2 = 1997–1998 | clubs2 = → [[CD Leganés|Leganés]] (loan) | caps2 = 28 | goals2 = 3 | years3 = 1999 | clubs3 = → [[RCD Espanyol|Espanyol]] (loan) | caps3 = 0 | goals3 = 0 | years4 = 2000 | clubs4 = → [[RCD Mallorca|Mallorca]] (loan) | caps4 = 13 | goals4 = 6 | years5 = 2000–2004 | clubs5 = [[RCD Mallorca|Mallorca]] | caps5 = 120 | goals5 = 48 | years6 = 2004–2009 | clubs6 = [[FC Barcelona|Barcelona]] | caps6 = 144 | goals6 = 108 | years7 = 2009–2011 | clubs7 = [[Inter Milan]] | caps7 = 67 | goals7 = 33 | years8 = 2011–2013 | clubs8 = [[FC Anzhi Makhachkala|Anzhi Makhachkala]] | caps8 = 53 | goals8 = 25 | years9 = 2013–2014 | clubs9 = [[Chelsea F.C.|Chelsea]] | caps9 = 21 | goals9 = 9 | years10 = 2014–2015 | clubs10 = [[Everton F.C.|Everton]] | caps10 = 14 | goals10 = 3 | years11 = 2015 | clubs11 = [[U.C. Sampdoria|Sampdoria]] | caps11 = 18 | goals11 = 2 | years12 = 2015–2018 | clubs12 = [[Antalyaspor]] | caps12 = 76 | goals12 = 44 | years13 = 2018 | clubs13 = [[Konyaspor]] | caps13 = 13 | goals13 = 6 | years14 = 2018–2019 | clubs14 = [[Qatar SC]] | caps14 = 17 | goals14 = 6 | totalcaps = 587 | totalgoals = 293 | nationalyears1 = 2000 | nationalteam1 = [[Cameroon national under-23 football team|Cameroon U23]] | nationalcaps1 = 6 | nationalgoals1 = 1 | nationalyears2 = 1997–2014 | nationalteam2 = [[Cameroon national football team|Cameroon]] | nationalcaps2 = 118 | nationalgoals2 = [[List of international goals scored by Samuel Eto'o|56]] | manageryears1 = 2015–2016 | managerclubs1 = [[Antalyaspor]] (interim player-manager) | medaltemplates = {{MedalSport|Men's [[Association Football|Football]]}} {{MedalCountry|{{fb|CMR}}}} {{MedalCompetition|[[Football at the Summer Olympics|Olympic Games]]}} {{MedalGold|[[2000 Summer Olympics|2000 Sydney]] | [[Football at the 2000 Summer Olympics|Team]]}} {{MedalCompetition|[[Africa Cup of Nations]]}} {{Medal|Winner|[[2000 African Cup of Nations|2000 Ghana–Nigeria]]|}} {{Medal|Winner|[[2002 African Cup of Nations|2002 Mali]]|}} {{Medal|Runnerup|[[2008 African Cup of Nations|2008 Ghana]]|}} {{MedalCompetition|[[FIFA Confederations Cup]]}} {{Medal|RU|[[2003 FIFA Confederations Cup|2003 France]]|}} }}}} <references /> '''Samuel Eto'o Fils''' (Etu ndi France si akpọ ya: <span class="IPA" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[sam·ɛl eto fis]</span>; amụrụ ya n'ụbọchị nke iri (10) n'ọnwa Machị n'afọ 1981) bụ onye nchịkwa [[Footbọl|bọọlụ]] Cameroon na onye bụbu onye egwuregwu bụ onye isi oche nke Cameroon Football Federation site na abalị iri na otu na onwa Disemba, na afọ 2021.<ref name="FECAFOOT" /> N'oge ọ na-eto eto, ndị ọkachamara na-ele Eto'o anya dị ka otu n'ime ndị na-eti egwu kachasị mma n'ụwa, a na-ewerekwa ya dị ka otu n'ime ndị egwuregwu Afrịka kachasị ukwuu n'oge niile, na-emeri African Player of the Year ugboro anọ: na 2003, 2004, 2005, na 2010.<ref name=":0" /><ref name="britannica.com" /> Eto'o bụ onye nwere nkà na-eto eto, ọ kwagara Real Madrid mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na isii. Eto'o kwupụtara ezumike nká ya na bọọlụ mba ụwa n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ afọ 2014. ==Profaịlụ onye ọkpụkpọ== [[File:Samuel Eto'o (Inter).jpg|thumb|upright|N'oge ọ bụ nwata Eto'o, ọ dị oke ọsọ ma nwee ikike [[ịdọba bọọlụ]] dị mma nke ukwuu yana njikwa bọọlụ dị nso]] Eto'o bụ onye na-agba ọsọ, siri ike, ma nwee ume [[Onye Na-aga n'ihu (bọọlụ mmekọ)|n'ihu]], onye a maara maka ike ya, ọsọ ọrụ ya, ikike ya n'ikuku, na ikike imecha ya nke ọma ma n'isi na ụkwụ ya.<ref name="Chelsea's Mr Right: Why Samuel Eto’o is set to succeed in England">{{cite web|url=http://www.goal.com/en-gh/news/4375/editorials/2013/08/30/4224320/chelseas-mr-right-why-samuel-etoo-is-set-to-succeed-in|title=Chelsea's Mr Right: Why Samuel Eto'o is set to succeed in England|publisher=Goal.com|date=30 August 2013|access-date=14 December 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150228210827/http://www.goal.com/en-gh/news/4375/editorials/2013/08/30/4224320/chelseas-mr-right-why-samuel-etoo-is-set-to-succeed-in|archive-date=28 February 2015}}</ref><ref name="Ma Eto'o è più forte di Ibra?">{{cite web|url=http://www.gazzetta.it/Calcio/SerieA/Inter/22-07-2009/ma-eto-o-piu-forte-ibra-50831763820.shtml|title=Ma Eto'o è più forte di Ibra?|publisher=La Gazzetta dello Sport|language=it|author1=Alessandro De Calò|date=22 July 2009|access-date=27 December 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170731231242/http://www.gazzetta.it/Calcio/SerieA/Inter/22-07-2009/ma-eto-o-piu-forte-ibra-50831763820.shtml|archive-date=31 July 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.chelseafc.com/news/blogs/boilerplate-allincfc/allincfc/a-look-at-samuel-etoo.html|title=A look at Samuel Eto'o|publisher=Chelsea F.C.com|access-date=14 December 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141215005318/http://www.chelseafc.com/news/blogs/boilerplate-allincfc/allincfc/a-look-at-samuel-etoo.html|archive-date=15 December 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/competitions/premier-league/11189192/Evertons-Samuel-Etoo-has-found-his-spark-again-and-could-repay-Roberto-Martinezs-faith-in-him.html|title=Everton's Samuel Eto'o has found his spark again and could repay Roberto Martinez's faith in him|newspaper=The Telegraph|access-date=14 December 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141223082027/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/competitions/premier-league/11189192/Evertons-Samuel-Etoo-has-found-his-spark-again-and-could-repay-Roberto-Martinezs-faith-in-him.html|archive-date=23 December 2014|date=26 October 2014|last1=Smith|first1=Alan}}</ref> Onye na-agba bọọlụ nke ọma ma na-eme nke ọma, nwere usoro dị mma, nwee obi iru ala n'ihu goolu, na ikike ịgba bọọlụ site n'aka ndị ọzọ na-agba bọọlụ,<ref name="Ma Eto'o è più forte di Ibra?"/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://ricerca.repubblica.it/repubblica/archivio/repubblica/2009/12/21/inter-saluta-con-eto-ma-calcio.html|title=L' Inter saluta con Eto' o ma è calcio su ghiaccio|publisher=La Repubblica|language=it|date=21 December 2009|access-date=14 December 2014}}</ref> Eto'o was primarily deployed as a central [[Forward (association football)#Striker|striker]], ọ bụ ezie na ọ bụkwa onye otu egwuregwu; n'ezie, n'oge ọ nọ na Inter, n'okpuru José Mourinho, o gosipụtara ọgụgụ isi dị ịrịba ama na ikike dị iche iche site n'ịkpọ egwu n'ọtụtụ ọnọdụ ndị ọzọ n'ọgbọ egwuregwu.<ref name="Chelsea's Mr Right: Why Samuel Eto’o is set to succeed in England"/><ref name="deserved">{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/49752840 |title=Mourinho: 'Eto'o deserved to win a Ballon d'Or' |work=BBC Sport |last1=Enow |first1=Njie |date=19 September 2019 |access-date=29 July 2021 }}</ref> N'oge oge Inter meriri atọ n'afọ 2009–10, Eto'o rụrụ ọrụ dị mkpa n'òtù ahụ, e jikwa ya mee ihe dị ka Onye na-agba bọọlụ n'etiti ndị egwuregwu bọọlụ mana ọ na-agba mbọ inyere ndị otu ya aka n'ụzọ dị iche iche na n'ụzọ dị iche iche, nke mere ka ọ na-agba bọọlụ n'ụzọ dị iche. <ref name="Ma Eto'o è più forte di Ibra?"/><ref>{{cite web|url=https://it.uefa.com/uefachampionsleague/news/01e5-0e74a1fa2751-0b31ec2bbe78-1000--eto-o-e-la-regola-del-tre/|title=Eto'o e la regola del tre|date=25 May 2010|publisher=[[UEFA]]|access-date=14 December 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141215005814/http://it.uefa.com/uefachampionsleague/news/newsid=1492408.html|archive-date=15 December 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.goal.com/en/lists/african-legends-cup-of-nations-etoo-vs-okocha/1elem2ludicww16r63f4xy5sjt |title=African Legends Cup of Nations: Eto'o vs Okocha |publisher=www.goal.com |last1=Dove |first1=Ed |date=15 May 2020 |access-date=4 July 2020 }}</ref><ref name="world's best striker">{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/piersedwards/2010/11/six_months_ago_the_question.html |title=Is Samuel Eto'o the world's best striker? |work=www.bbc.co.uk |last1=Edwards |first1=Piers |date=5 November 2010 |access-date=29 July 2021 }}</ref><ref name="tears">{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2020/apr/20/mourinho-tears-and-defiance-the-story-of-inters-2009-10-season |title=Mourinho, tears and defiance: the story of Inter's 2009-10 season |work=The Guardian |last=Bandini |first=Nicky |date=20 April 2020 |access-date=29 July 2021 }}</ref> N'oge egwuregwu ọkara ikpeazụ nke Champions League megide otu ya mbụ bụ Barcelona, ​​Eto'o gosikwara ọrụ ya na ikike ya site n'ịgba bọọlụ dịka onye na-awakpo aka nri Onye na-agbachitere (bọọlụ nkwado) onye na-azụ azụ zuru oke ma ọ bụ onye na-azụ azụ mgbe a chụpụrụ Thiago Motta n'ọgba aghara.<ref name="deserved"/><ref name="world's best striker"/><ref name="tears"/><ref name="Un promemoria su Samuel Eto'o per Raiola">{{cite web|url=http://www.fcinternews.it/visti-da-voi/un-promemoria-su-samuel-eto-o-per-raiola-20382|title=Un promemoria su Samuel Eto'o per Raiola|publisher=F.C. Inter News.it|language=it|access-date=14 December 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141219111619/http://www.fcinternews.it/visti-da-voi/un-promemoria-su-samuel-eto-o-per-raiola-20382|archive-date=19 December 2014}}</ref> A makwaara Eto'o maka nduzi ya, ohere na echiche ya n'oge ọrụ ya niile.<ref name="Un promemoria su Samuel Eto'o per Raiola"/><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2014/oct/30/samuel-eto-o-everton-roberto-martinez|title='Gift from footballing gods' Samuel Eto'o on course for new Everton deal|work=The Guardian|date=30 October 2014|access-date=14 December 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141213054529/http://www.theguardian.com/football/2014/oct/30/samuel-eto-o-everton-roberto-martinez|archive-date=13 December 2014}}</ref> N'oge ọ bụ nwata, ndị ọkachamara na-ahụ Eto'o dịka otu n'ime ndị na-agba bọọlụ kachasị mma n'ụwa;<ref name=":0">{{cite web|url=http://www.inter.it/en/news/36530|title=Leonardo: "Eto'o, one of the world's best"|publisher=Inter.it|access-date=14 December 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141215002842/http://www.inter.it/en/news/36530|archive-date=15 December 2014}}</ref><ref name="world's best striker"/><ref name="deserved"/> a na-ahụta ya ugbu a dịka otu n'ime ndị egwuregwu Afrịka kachasị mma n'oge niile.<ref name=britannica.com>{{cite web|url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/760468/Samuel-Etoo|title=Samuel Eto'o|publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica|website=britannica.com|access-date=14 December 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141010011103/http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/760468/Samuel-Etoo|archive-date=10 October 2014}}</ref> He is often ranked among the three greatest African strikers, alongside [[George Weah]] and [[Didier Drogba]].<ref name="Greatest">{{cite news |title=Top 10 Greatest African Strikers |url=http://www.joburgpost.co.za/2017/06/06/top-10-greatest-african-strikers/ |access-date=23 August 2018 |work=Johannesburg Post}}</ref><ref name="African strikers">{{cite news |title=Where Didier Drogba Ranks Alongside Africa's 20 Best Strikers |url=https://bleacherreport.com/articles/1973969-where-didier-drogba-ranks-alongside-africas-20-best-strikers#slide16 |access-date=23 August 2018 |work=Bleacher Report}}</ref> N'agbanyeghị na ọ na-efunahụ ụfọdụ ọsọ ya ka ọ na-eto, ọ nọgidere na-enwe ike ịgba goolu mgbe niile dịka onye na-agba bọọlụ, n'ihi ikike ya ịbanye n'ọnọdụ dị mma na oge ịgba ọsọ mwakpo ya, dịka egosiri site na goolu o nyere na mmeri 6-3 megide Chelsea na 30 Ọgọst 2014, n'oge ọ nọ na Everton.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/0/football/28906778|title=Everton 3 Chelsea 6|publisher=BBC Sport.com|first1=Chris|last1=Bevan|date=30 August 2014|access-date=7 January 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160105140152/http://www.bbc.com/sport/0/football/28906778|archive-date=5 January 2016}}</ref> E wezụga ọsọ ya na ịgba goolu ya, a makwaara Eto'o maka mmetụ aka mbụ ya, njikwa ya nke ọma, na ikike ịgbafe bọọlụ n'oge ọ ka dị obere; ọbụnadị n'oge agadi ya, ọ nọgidere na-enwe mmasị n'ihe ndị dị mkpa.nkà ịkụ ọkpọ n'ọrụ ya mgbe o mechara, nke o ji mee ihe bara uru iji merie ndị na-agbachitere ma nyere aka ma ọ bụ mepụta ohere maka ndị otu ya.<ref name="world's best striker"/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.whoscored.com/Players/159|title=Eto'o style of play and statistics.|website=whoscored.com|access-date=25 June 2015|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150626115146/http://www.whoscored.com/Players/159|archive-date=26 June 2015}}</ref> Mgbe ọ dị afọ iri atọ, Eto'o tinyere usoro 'agadi nwoke' n'ememe goolu ya - nzaghachi nye okwu José Mourinho gbasara ịka nká - ebe ọ gbagọrọ agbagọ wee malite ije ije nwayọ nwayọ na mkpara echepụtara echepụta, emume ahụ na-apụta na EA Sports ''[[FIFA (usoro egwuregwu vidiyo)|FIFA]]'' egwuregwu vidiyo ''[[FIFA 18]]''.<ref>{{cite news |title=How to do the 12 new FIFA 18 celebrations – plus more of our favourites |url=https://www.fourfourtwo.com/features/how-do-12-new-fifa-18-celebrations-plus-more-our-favourites?page=0%2C2 |access-date=11 October 2018 |work=FourFourTwo |archive-date=27 November 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181127144855/https://www.fourfourtwo.com/features/how-do-12-new-fifa-18-celebrations-plus-more-our-favourites |url-status=dead }}</ref> ==Edensibịa== {{reflist}} ==Njikọ mpụga== {{Commons category}} *{{Official website|https://samuel-etoo.com/}} *{{FIFA player|170667|Samuel Eto'o}} *{{UEFA player|45996}} *[https://web.archive.org/web/20100130142048/http://www.fondationsamueletoo.org/en/ Samuel Eto'o Private Foundation] {{Navboxes |bg = gold |fg = navy |title= Awards |list1= {{2000 Africa Cup of Nations Team of the Tournament}} {{2006 Africa Cup of Nations Team of the Tournament}} {{Africa Cup of Nations top scorers}} {{2005 CAF Team of the Year}} {{2006 CAF Team of the Year}} {{2008 CAF Team of the Year}} {{2009 CAF Team of the Year}} {{2010 CAF Team of the Year}} {{2011 CAF Team of the Year}} {{La Liga top scorers}} {{Coppa Italia top scorers}} {{FIFA Club World Cup Golden Ball}} {{UEFA Club Football Awards}} {{Golden Foot winners}} {{African Footballer of the Year}} {{2005 UEFA Team of the Year}} {{2006 UEFA Team of the Year}} {{Inter Milan Hall of Fame}} }} {{Navboxes |bg = #006332 |fg = yellow |bordercolor= #D01124 |title = Cameroon squads |list1 = {{Cameroon squad 1998 FIFA World Cup}} {{Cameroon squad 2000 African Cup of Nations}} {{Cameroon men's football squad 2000 Summer Olympics}} {{Cameroon squad 2001 FIFA Confederations Cup}} {{Cameroon squad 2002 Africa Cup of Nations}} {{Cameroon squad 2002 FIFA World Cup}} {{Cameroon squad 2003 FIFA Confederations Cup}} {{Cameroon squad 2004 African Cup of Nations}} {{Cameroon squad 2006 Africa Cup of Nations}} {{Cameroon squad 2008 Africa Cup of Nations}} {{Cameroon squad 2010 Africa Cup of Nations}} {{Cameroon squad 2010 FIFA World Cup}} {{Cameroon squad 2014 FIFA World Cup}} }} {{Antalyaspor managers}} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Etoo, Samuel}} [[Category:1981 births]] [[Category:Living people]] [[Category:People from Ebonyi State]] [[Category:Footballers from Douala]] [[Category:Cameroonian men's footballers]] [[Category:21st-century Cameroonian sportsmen]] [[Category:Men's association football forwards]] [[Category:Kadji Sports Academy players]] [[Category:Real Madrid CF players]] [[Category:CD Leganés players]] [[Category:RCD Espanyol footballers]] [[Category:RCD Mallorca players]] [[Category:FC Barcelona players]] [[Category:Inter Milan players]] [[Category:FC Anzhi Makhachkala players]] [[Category:Chelsea F.C. players]] [[Category:Everton F.C. players]] [[Category:UC Sampdoria players]] [[Category:Antalyaspor footballers]] [[Category:Konyaspor footballers]] [[Category:Qatar SC players]] [[Category:Segunda División players]] [[Category:La Liga players]] [[Category:Serie A players]] 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[[Category:Men's association football player-managers]] [[Category:Cameroonian football managers]] [[Category:Antalyaspor managers]] [[Category:Süper Lig managers]] [[Category:Cameroonian expatriate football managers]] [[Category:Expatriate football managers in Cameroon]] 0d20fer67qk5ug4i05y709x46jvwhf7 644123 644122 2026-05-30T16:55:49Z Adimora chidinma 15845 Fixed reference error 644123 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|name=Samuel Eto'o|birth_date={{Birth date and age|1981|3|10|df=y}}|signature_alt=|signature=|occupation=[[Footballer]]<br>Football administrator|nationality=Cameroonian|height=1.80 m<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fcbarcelona.cat/web/english/futbol/temporada_08-09/plantilla/jugadors/etoo.html|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120803104342/http://www.fcbarcelona.cat/web/english/futbol/temporada_08-09/plantilla/jugadors/etoo.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=3 August 2012|title=Samuel Eto'o Fils|work=fcbarcelona.cat}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.chelseafc.com/first-team/player/28608/title/samuel--eto'o |title=Home &#124; Official Site &#124; Chelsea Football Club |access-date=23 December 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140122083838/http://www.chelseafc.com/first-team/player/28608/title/samuel--eto'o |archive-date=22 January 2014}}</ref>|birth_place=[[Douala]], Cameroon<ref>{{cite web |publisher=FC Internazionale Milano |title=Samuel Eto'o Fils |access-date=12 January 2009 |url=http://www.inter.it/aas/squadra/player1?codgioc=G0854&L=en&stagione=2009/10 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090731150712/http://www.inter.it/aas/squadra/player1?codgioc=G0854&L=en&stagione=2009%2F10 |archive-date=31 July 2009 |accessdate=15 May 2022 |archivedate=31 July 2009 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090731150712/http://www.inter.it/aas/squadra/player1?codgioc=G0854&L=en&stagione=2009%2F10 }}</ref>|birth_name=Samuel Eto'o Fils<ref name="Premier League Clubs submit Squad Lists">{{Cite news |title=Premier League Clubs submit Squad Lists |url=http://www.premierleague.com/content/dam/premierleague/site-content/News/publications/squad-lists/Premier-League-Squad-Lists-September-2013.pdf |publisher=Premier League |page=8 |date=4 September 2013 |access-date=5 September 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131008050546/http://www.premierleague.com/content/dam/premierleague/site-content/News/publications/squad-lists/Premier-League-Squad-Lists-September-2013.pdf |archive-date= 8 October 2013 }}</ref>|image=Samuel 2011.jpg|successor=|predecessor=Seidou Mbombo Njoya|term_end=|term_start=11 December 2021<ref name=FECAFOOT>{{Cite web|title=Former Cameroon star Eto'o elected president of national federation|url=https://www.sowetanlive.co.za/sport/soccer/2021-12-11-former-cameroon-star-etoo-elected-president-of-national-federation/|access-date=2021-12-11|website=SowetanLIVE|date=11 December 2021 |language=en-ZA}}</ref>|office=Cameroonian Football Federation|order=President of|caption=Eto'o in 2011|module={{Infobox football biography|embed=yes|header-color=lavender | position = [[Forward (association football)#Striker|Striker]] | youthyears1 = 1992–1996 | youthclubs1 = [[Kadji Sports Academy]] | youthyears2 = 1996–1997 | youthclubs2 = [[La Fábrica (Real Madrid)|Real Madrid]] | years1 = 1997–2000 | clubs1 = [[Real Madrid CF|Real Madrid]] | caps1 = 3 | goals1 = 0 | years2 = 1997–1998 | clubs2 = → [[CD Leganés|Leganés]] (loan) | caps2 = 28 | goals2 = 3 | years3 = 1999 | clubs3 = → [[RCD Espanyol|Espanyol]] (loan) | caps3 = 0 | goals3 = 0 | years4 = 2000 | clubs4 = → [[RCD Mallorca|Mallorca]] (loan) | caps4 = 13 | goals4 = 6 | years5 = 2000–2004 | clubs5 = [[RCD Mallorca|Mallorca]] | caps5 = 120 | goals5 = 48 | years6 = 2004–2009 | clubs6 = [[FC Barcelona|Barcelona]] | caps6 = 144 | goals6 = 108 | years7 = 2009–2011 | clubs7 = [[Inter Milan]] | caps7 = 67 | goals7 = 33 | years8 = 2011–2013 | clubs8 = [[FC Anzhi Makhachkala|Anzhi Makhachkala]] | caps8 = 53 | goals8 = 25 | years9 = 2013–2014 | clubs9 = [[Chelsea F.C.|Chelsea]] | caps9 = 21 | goals9 = 9 | years10 = 2014–2015 | clubs10 = [[Everton F.C.|Everton]] | caps10 = 14 | goals10 = 3 | years11 = 2015 | clubs11 = [[U.C. Sampdoria|Sampdoria]] | caps11 = 18 | goals11 = 2 | years12 = 2015–2018 | clubs12 = [[Antalyaspor]] | caps12 = 76 | goals12 = 44 | years13 = 2018 | clubs13 = [[Konyaspor]] | caps13 = 13 | goals13 = 6 | years14 = 2018–2019 | clubs14 = [[Qatar SC]] | caps14 = 17 | goals14 = 6 | totalcaps = 587 | totalgoals = 293 | nationalyears1 = 2000 | nationalteam1 = [[Cameroon national under-23 football team|Cameroon U23]] | nationalcaps1 = 6 | nationalgoals1 = 1 | nationalyears2 = 1997–2014 | nationalteam2 = [[Cameroon national football team|Cameroon]] | nationalcaps2 = 118 | nationalgoals2 = [[List of international goals scored by Samuel Eto'o|56]] | manageryears1 = 2015–2016 | managerclubs1 = [[Antalyaspor]] (interim player-manager) | medaltemplates = {{MedalSport|Men's [[Association Football|Football]]}} {{MedalCountry|{{fb|CMR}}}} {{MedalCompetition|[[Football at the Summer Olympics|Olympic Games]]}} {{MedalGold|[[2000 Summer Olympics|2000 Sydney]] | [[Football at the 2000 Summer Olympics|Team]]}} {{MedalCompetition|[[Africa Cup of Nations]]}} {{Medal|Winner|[[2000 African Cup of Nations|2000 Ghana–Nigeria]]|}} {{Medal|Winner|[[2002 African Cup of Nations|2002 Mali]]|}} {{Medal|Runnerup|[[2008 African Cup of Nations|2008 Ghana]]|}} {{MedalCompetition|[[FIFA Confederations Cup]]}} {{Medal|RU|[[2003 FIFA Confederations Cup|2003 France]]|}} }}}} '''Samuel Eto'o Fils''' (Etu ndi France si akpọ ya: <span class="IPA" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[sam·ɛl eto fis]</span>; amụrụ ya n'ụbọchị nke iri (10) n'ọnwa Machị n'afọ 1981) bụ onye nchịkwa [[Footbọl|bọọlụ]] Cameroon na onye bụbu onye egwuregwu bụ onye isi oche nke Cameroon Football Federation site na abalị iri na otu na onwa Disemba, na afọ 2021.<ref name="FECAFOOT" /> N'oge ọ na-eto eto, ndị ọkachamara na-ele Eto'o anya dị ka otu n'ime ndị na-eti egwu kachasị mma n'ụwa, a na-ewerekwa ya dị ka otu n'ime ndị egwuregwu Afrịka kachasị ukwuu n'oge niile, na-emeri African Player of the Year ugboro anọ: na 2003, 2004, 2005, na 2010.<ref name=":0" /><ref name="britannica.com" /> Eto'o bụ onye nwere nkà na-eto eto, ọ kwagara Real Madrid mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na isii. Eto'o kwupụtara ezumike nká ya na bọọlụ mba ụwa n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ afọ 2014. ==Profaịlụ onye ọkpụkpọ== [[File:Samuel Eto'o (Inter).jpg|thumb|upright|N'oge ọ bụ nwata Eto'o, ọ dị oke ọsọ ma nwee ikike [[ịdọba bọọlụ]] dị mma nke ukwuu yana njikwa bọọlụ dị nso]] Eto'o bụ onye na-agba ọsọ, siri ike, ma nwee ume [[Onye Na-aga n'ihu (bọọlụ mmekọ)|n'ihu]], onye a maara maka ike ya, ọsọ ọrụ ya, ikike ya n'ikuku, na ikike imecha ya nke ọma ma n'isi na ụkwụ ya.<ref name="Chelsea's Mr Right: Why Samuel Eto’o is set to succeed in England">{{cite web|url=http://www.goal.com/en-gh/news/4375/editorials/2013/08/30/4224320/chelseas-mr-right-why-samuel-etoo-is-set-to-succeed-in|title=Chelsea's Mr Right: Why Samuel Eto'o is set to succeed in England|publisher=Goal.com|date=30 August 2013|access-date=14 December 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150228210827/http://www.goal.com/en-gh/news/4375/editorials/2013/08/30/4224320/chelseas-mr-right-why-samuel-etoo-is-set-to-succeed-in|archive-date=28 February 2015}}</ref><ref name="Ma Eto'o è più forte di Ibra?">{{cite web|url=http://www.gazzetta.it/Calcio/SerieA/Inter/22-07-2009/ma-eto-o-piu-forte-ibra-50831763820.shtml|title=Ma Eto'o è più forte di Ibra?|publisher=La Gazzetta dello Sport|language=it|author1=Alessandro De Calò|date=22 July 2009|access-date=27 December 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170731231242/http://www.gazzetta.it/Calcio/SerieA/Inter/22-07-2009/ma-eto-o-piu-forte-ibra-50831763820.shtml|archive-date=31 July 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.chelseafc.com/news/blogs/boilerplate-allincfc/allincfc/a-look-at-samuel-etoo.html|title=A look at Samuel Eto'o|publisher=Chelsea F.C.com|access-date=14 December 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141215005318/http://www.chelseafc.com/news/blogs/boilerplate-allincfc/allincfc/a-look-at-samuel-etoo.html|archive-date=15 December 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/competitions/premier-league/11189192/Evertons-Samuel-Etoo-has-found-his-spark-again-and-could-repay-Roberto-Martinezs-faith-in-him.html|title=Everton's Samuel Eto'o has found his spark again and could repay Roberto Martinez's faith in him|newspaper=The Telegraph|access-date=14 December 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141223082027/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/competitions/premier-league/11189192/Evertons-Samuel-Etoo-has-found-his-spark-again-and-could-repay-Roberto-Martinezs-faith-in-him.html|archive-date=23 December 2014|date=26 October 2014|last1=Smith|first1=Alan}}</ref> Onye na-agba bọọlụ nke ọma ma na-eme nke ọma, nwere usoro dị mma, nwee obi iru ala n'ihu goolu, na ikike ịgba bọọlụ site n'aka ndị ọzọ na-agba bọọlụ,<ref name="Ma Eto'o è più forte di Ibra?"/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://ricerca.repubblica.it/repubblica/archivio/repubblica/2009/12/21/inter-saluta-con-eto-ma-calcio.html|title=L' Inter saluta con Eto' o ma è calcio su ghiaccio|publisher=La Repubblica|language=it|date=21 December 2009|access-date=14 December 2014}}</ref> Eto'o was primarily deployed as a central [[Forward (association football)#Striker|striker]], ọ bụ ezie na ọ bụkwa onye otu egwuregwu; n'ezie, n'oge ọ nọ na Inter, n'okpuru José Mourinho, o gosipụtara ọgụgụ isi dị ịrịba ama na ikike dị iche iche site n'ịkpọ egwu n'ọtụtụ ọnọdụ ndị ọzọ n'ọgbọ egwuregwu.<ref name="Chelsea's Mr Right: Why Samuel Eto’o is set to succeed in England"/><ref name="deserved">{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/49752840 |title=Mourinho: 'Eto'o deserved to win a Ballon d'Or' |work=BBC Sport |last1=Enow |first1=Njie |date=19 September 2019 |access-date=29 July 2021 }}</ref> N'oge oge Inter meriri atọ n'afọ 2009–10, Eto'o rụrụ ọrụ dị mkpa n'òtù ahụ, e jikwa ya mee ihe dị ka Onye na-agba bọọlụ n'etiti ndị egwuregwu bọọlụ mana ọ na-agba mbọ inyere ndị otu ya aka n'ụzọ dị iche iche na n'ụzọ dị iche iche, nke mere ka ọ na-agba bọọlụ n'ụzọ dị iche. <ref name="Ma Eto'o è più forte di Ibra?"/><ref>{{cite web|url=https://it.uefa.com/uefachampionsleague/news/01e5-0e74a1fa2751-0b31ec2bbe78-1000--eto-o-e-la-regola-del-tre/|title=Eto'o e la regola del tre|date=25 May 2010|publisher=[[UEFA]]|access-date=14 December 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141215005814/http://it.uefa.com/uefachampionsleague/news/newsid=1492408.html|archive-date=15 December 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.goal.com/en/lists/african-legends-cup-of-nations-etoo-vs-okocha/1elem2ludicww16r63f4xy5sjt |title=African Legends Cup of Nations: Eto'o vs Okocha |publisher=www.goal.com |last1=Dove |first1=Ed |date=15 May 2020 |access-date=4 July 2020 }}</ref><ref name="world's best striker">{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/piersedwards/2010/11/six_months_ago_the_question.html |title=Is Samuel Eto'o the world's best striker? |work=www.bbc.co.uk |last1=Edwards |first1=Piers |date=5 November 2010 |access-date=29 July 2021 }}</ref><ref name="tears">{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2020/apr/20/mourinho-tears-and-defiance-the-story-of-inters-2009-10-season |title=Mourinho, tears and defiance: the story of Inter's 2009-10 season |work=The Guardian |last=Bandini |first=Nicky |date=20 April 2020 |access-date=29 July 2021 }}</ref> N'oge egwuregwu ọkara ikpeazụ nke Champions League megide otu ya mbụ bụ Barcelona, ​​Eto'o gosikwara ọrụ ya na ikike ya site n'ịgba bọọlụ dịka onye na-awakpo aka nri Onye na-agbachitere (bọọlụ nkwado) onye na-azụ azụ zuru oke ma ọ bụ onye na-azụ azụ mgbe a chụpụrụ Thiago Motta n'ọgba aghara.<ref name="deserved"/><ref name="world's best striker"/><ref name="tears"/><ref name="Un promemoria su Samuel Eto'o per Raiola">{{cite web|url=http://www.fcinternews.it/visti-da-voi/un-promemoria-su-samuel-eto-o-per-raiola-20382|title=Un promemoria su Samuel Eto'o per Raiola|publisher=F.C. Inter News.it|language=it|access-date=14 December 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141219111619/http://www.fcinternews.it/visti-da-voi/un-promemoria-su-samuel-eto-o-per-raiola-20382|archive-date=19 December 2014}}</ref> A makwaara Eto'o maka nduzi ya, ohere na echiche ya n'oge ọrụ ya niile.<ref name="Un promemoria su Samuel Eto'o per Raiola"/><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2014/oct/30/samuel-eto-o-everton-roberto-martinez|title='Gift from footballing gods' Samuel Eto'o on course for new Everton deal|work=The Guardian|date=30 October 2014|access-date=14 December 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141213054529/http://www.theguardian.com/football/2014/oct/30/samuel-eto-o-everton-roberto-martinez|archive-date=13 December 2014}}</ref> N'oge ọ bụ nwata, ndị ọkachamara na-ahụ Eto'o dịka otu n'ime ndị na-agba bọọlụ kachasị mma n'ụwa;<ref name=":0">{{cite web|url=http://www.inter.it/en/news/36530|title=Leonardo: "Eto'o, one of the world's best"|publisher=Inter.it|access-date=14 December 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141215002842/http://www.inter.it/en/news/36530|archive-date=15 December 2014}}</ref><ref name="world's best striker"/><ref name="deserved"/> a na-ahụta ya ugbu a dịka otu n'ime ndị egwuregwu Afrịka kachasị mma n'oge niile.<ref name=britannica.com>{{cite web|url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/760468/Samuel-Etoo|title=Samuel Eto'o|publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica|website=britannica.com|access-date=14 December 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141010011103/http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/760468/Samuel-Etoo|archive-date=10 October 2014}}</ref> He is often ranked among the three greatest African strikers, alongside [[George Weah]] and [[Didier Drogba]].<ref name="Greatest">{{cite news |title=Top 10 Greatest African Strikers |url=http://www.joburgpost.co.za/2017/06/06/top-10-greatest-african-strikers/ |access-date=23 August 2018 |work=Johannesburg Post}}</ref><ref name="African strikers">{{cite news |title=Where Didier Drogba Ranks Alongside Africa's 20 Best Strikers |url=https://bleacherreport.com/articles/1973969-where-didier-drogba-ranks-alongside-africas-20-best-strikers#slide16 |access-date=23 August 2018 |work=Bleacher Report}}</ref> N'agbanyeghị na ọ na-efunahụ ụfọdụ ọsọ ya ka ọ na-eto, ọ nọgidere na-enwe ike ịgba goolu mgbe niile dịka onye na-agba bọọlụ, n'ihi ikike ya ịbanye n'ọnọdụ dị mma na oge ịgba ọsọ mwakpo ya, dịka egosiri site na goolu o nyere na mmeri 6-3 megide Chelsea na 30 Ọgọst 2014, n'oge ọ nọ na Everton.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/0/football/28906778|title=Everton 3 Chelsea 6|publisher=BBC Sport.com|first1=Chris|last1=Bevan|date=30 August 2014|access-date=7 January 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160105140152/http://www.bbc.com/sport/0/football/28906778|archive-date=5 January 2016}}</ref> E wezụga ọsọ ya na ịgba goolu ya, a makwaara Eto'o maka mmetụ aka mbụ ya, njikwa ya nke ọma, na ikike ịgbafe bọọlụ n'oge ọ ka dị obere; ọbụnadị n'oge agadi ya, ọ nọgidere na-enwe mmasị n'ihe ndị dị mkpa.nkà ịkụ ọkpọ n'ọrụ ya mgbe o mechara, nke o ji mee ihe bara uru iji merie ndị na-agbachitere ma nyere aka ma ọ bụ mepụta ohere maka ndị otu ya.<ref name="world's best striker"/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.whoscored.com/Players/159|title=Eto'o style of play and statistics.|website=whoscored.com|access-date=25 June 2015|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150626115146/http://www.whoscored.com/Players/159|archive-date=26 June 2015}}</ref> Mgbe ọ dị afọ iri atọ, Eto'o tinyere usoro 'agadi nwoke' n'ememe goolu ya - nzaghachi nye okwu José Mourinho gbasara ịka nká - ebe ọ gbagọrọ agbagọ wee malite ije ije nwayọ nwayọ na mkpara echepụtara echepụta, emume ahụ na-apụta na EA Sports ''[[FIFA (usoro egwuregwu vidiyo)|FIFA]]'' egwuregwu vidiyo ''[[FIFA 18]]''.<ref>{{cite news |title=How to do the 12 new FIFA 18 celebrations – plus more of our favourites |url=https://www.fourfourtwo.com/features/how-do-12-new-fifa-18-celebrations-plus-more-our-favourites?page=0%2C2 |access-date=11 October 2018 |work=FourFourTwo |archive-date=27 November 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181127144855/https://www.fourfourtwo.com/features/how-do-12-new-fifa-18-celebrations-plus-more-our-favourites |url-status=dead }}</ref> ==Edensibịa== {{reflist}} ==Njikọ mpụga== {{Commons category}} *{{Official website|https://samuel-etoo.com/}} *{{FIFA player|170667|Samuel Eto'o}} *{{UEFA player|45996}} *[https://web.archive.org/web/20100130142048/http://www.fondationsamueletoo.org/en/ Samuel Eto'o Private Foundation] {{Navboxes |bg = gold |fg = navy |title= Awards |list1= {{2000 Africa Cup of Nations Team of the Tournament}} {{2006 Africa Cup of Nations Team of the Tournament}} {{Africa Cup of Nations top scorers}} {{2005 CAF Team of the Year}} {{2006 CAF Team of the Year}} {{2008 CAF Team of the Year}} {{2009 CAF Team of the Year}} {{2010 CAF Team of the Year}} {{2011 CAF Team of the Year}} {{La Liga top scorers}} {{Coppa Italia top scorers}} {{FIFA Club World Cup Golden Ball}} {{UEFA Club Football Awards}} {{Golden Foot winners}} {{African Footballer of the Year}} {{2005 UEFA Team of the Year}} {{2006 UEFA Team of the Year}} {{Inter Milan Hall of Fame}} }} {{Navboxes |bg = #006332 |fg = yellow |bordercolor= #D01124 |title = Cameroon squads |list1 = {{Cameroon squad 1998 FIFA World Cup}} {{Cameroon squad 2000 African Cup of Nations}} {{Cameroon men's football squad 2000 Summer Olympics}} {{Cameroon squad 2001 FIFA Confederations Cup}} {{Cameroon squad 2002 Africa Cup of Nations}} {{Cameroon squad 2002 FIFA World Cup}} {{Cameroon squad 2003 FIFA Confederations Cup}} {{Cameroon squad 2004 African Cup of Nations}} {{Cameroon squad 2006 Africa Cup of Nations}} {{Cameroon squad 2008 Africa Cup of Nations}} {{Cameroon squad 2010 Africa Cup of Nations}} {{Cameroon squad 2010 FIFA World Cup}} {{Cameroon squad 2014 FIFA World Cup}} }} {{Antalyaspor managers}} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Etoo, Samuel}} [[Category:1981 births]] [[Category:Living people]] [[Category:People from Ebonyi State]] [[Category:Footballers from Douala]] [[Category:Cameroonian men's footballers]] [[Category:21st-century Cameroonian sportsmen]] [[Category:Men's association football forwards]] [[Category:Kadji Sports Academy players]] [[Category:Real Madrid CF players]] [[Category:CD Leganés players]] [[Category:RCD Espanyol footballers]] [[Category:RCD Mallorca players]] [[Category:FC Barcelona players]] [[Category:Inter Milan players]] [[Category:FC Anzhi Makhachkala players]] [[Category:Chelsea F.C. players]] [[Category:Everton F.C. players]] [[Category:UC Sampdoria players]] [[Category:Antalyaspor footballers]] [[Category:Konyaspor footballers]] [[Category:Qatar SC players]] [[Category:Segunda División players]] [[Category:La Liga players]] [[Category:Serie A players]] 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[[Category:Men's association football player-managers]] [[Category:Cameroonian football managers]] [[Category:Antalyaspor managers]] [[Category:Süper Lig managers]] [[Category:Cameroonian expatriate football managers]] [[Category:Expatriate football managers in Cameroon]] gssa4vxdbftsb69i1qnw3q42wgtpqvn 0 13358 644300 406873 2026-05-30T20:38:06Z Neme244 16387 added DEFAULTSORT 644300 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Emmanuel Bonaventure Dennis''' (bu onye a mụrụ n'ụbọchị nke 15 n'ọnwa Nọvemba n'afọ 1997) bụ onye egwuregwu bọọlụ Naịjirịa nke na-agbara otu egwuregwu Premier League Watford na otu mba Naịjirịa bọọlụ. == Ọrụ klọb == === Mmalite ọrụ === Dennis malitere ọrụ ya na Kwara Football Academy Ilorin, nke dị na [[Ȯra Kwara|Kwara]] Steeti , Nigeria.<ref name="EmmanuelDennisThisDay">{{Cite news|title=Emmanuel Dennis beckoning on Gernot Rohr|url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2019/04/13/emmanuel-dennis-beckoning-on-gernot-rohr/|work=[[This Day]]|date=13 April 2019|accessdate=2 October 2019}}</ref> === Zorya Luhansk === Na Machị 2016, Dennis bịanyere aka na klọb Premier League nke Ukraine Zorya Luhansk .<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://owngoalnigeria.com/2016/07/07/little-known-nigerian-striker-dennis-turning-heads-at-top-ukrainian-club/|title=Little known Nigerian striker Dennis turning heads at top Ukrainian club|author=Michael|first=Rasheed|work=owngoalnigeria.com|publisher=OwnGoal Nigeria|accessdate=28 February 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160921084813/http://owngoalnigeria.com/2016/07/07/little-known-nigerian-striker-dennis-turning-heads-at-top-ukrainian-club/|archivedate=21 September 2016}}</ref> O mere nke mbụ ya na egwuregwu megide Olimpik Donetsk na 24 Julaị 2016, ebe o nyere goolu mmeghe na mmeri 3-0 .<ref>{{Cite web|publisher=Ukrainian Premier League official website|url=http://fpl.ua/ukr/protocol/2016_2017/pl/15/590/|language=uk|date=24 July 2016|work=fpl.ua|accessdate=24 July 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160726122634/http://www.fpl.ua/ukr/protocol/2016_2017/pl/15/590|archivedate=26 July 2016}}</ref> Dennis malitere oge ahụ na bench tupu e nye ya UEFA Europa League mbụ ya na Feyenoord na 3 Nọvemba, nke biri 1–1. Mgbe ọ masịrị Feyenoord, ọ gbakwara bọọlụ na egwuregwu ndị ọzọ nke Ukraine, na Fenerbahçe na Manchester United . Zorya meriri 2–0 n'egwuregwu abụọ ahụ ma ewepụ ya na otu ahụ ebe ọ gwụchara n'ọkwa ikpeazụ. N'abalị iri na otu n'ọnwa Disemba, Dennis nyere goolu nke abụọ ya na mmeri 2–0 megide Stal Kamianske . Ngosipụta ya dọtara ma Manchester City yana otu Bundesliga a na-amaghị ama, bụ ndị nwere mmasị ịbanye ya na windo mbugharị oge oyi.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://owngoalnigeria.com/2016/09/11/exclusive-manchester-city-scout-watches-nigerian-neymar-dennis-in-ukraine/|title=Exclusive: Manchester City scout watches "Nigerian Neymar" Dennis in Ukraine|date=11 September 2016|work=owngoalnigeria.com|publisher=OwnGoal Nigeria|accessdate=16 September 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181119070321/http://owngoalnigeria.com/2016/09/11/exclusive-manchester-city-scout-watches-nigerian-neymar-dennis-in-ukraine/|archivedate=19 November 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.allnigeriasoccer.com/read_news.php?nid=22381|title=Top Bundesliga club plot transfer of $1.5 million-rated Zorya starlet Bonaventure|work=allnigeriasoccer.com|publisher=All Nigeria Soccer}}</ref> Otú ọ dị, Dennis mechara nọrọ na Zorya maka oge fọdụrụnụ, na-enyere ha aka ịnọ n'ọkwa nke atọ na league na goolu isii ya na egwuregwu iri abụọ na abụọ. === Club Brugge === Club Brugge kwupụtara na 30 Mee 2017 na ha bịanyere aka na Dennis na nkwekọrịta afọ anọ maka ego nke € 1.2 nde.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.soccerassembly.com/club-brugge-sign-top-nigerian-talent-dennis-bonaventure/|title=Club Brugge sign top Nigerian talent Dennis Bonaventure|work=soccerassembly.com|publisher=Soccer Assembly|accessdate=16 September 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170603204351/http://www.soccerassembly.com/club-brugge-sign-top-nigerian-talent-dennis-bonaventure/|archivedate=3 June 2017}}</ref> E nyere ya uwe jesi nọmba iri anọ na abụọ. Dennis malitere oge ahụ nke ọma, na-enye goolu ise n'ime egwuregwu isii, gụnyere otu na mbido ya na 26 Julaị 2017 na İstanbul Başakşehir, 3–3 draw na brace ụbọchị atọ ka e mesịrị na league n'elu Lokeren, nke mechara na mmeri 4-0. Na ụbọchị mbụ na ọnwa Ọktọba 2019, Dennis nyere goolu ugboro abụọ na 2–2 na Santiago Bernabéu Stadium megide Real Madrid na otu egwuregwu nke 2019–20 UEFA Champions League.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Casemiro spares Real Madrid's blushes against Club Brugge|url=https://sport.bt.com/news/casemiro-spares-real-madrids-blushes-against-club-brugge-S11364399240933|work=[[BT Sport]]|date=1 October 2019|accessdate=2 October 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|first=Sylvain|author=Rouquet|title=Le FC Bruges frôle l'exploit et ramène un point du Real Madrid de Hazard et Courtois|url=https://www.rtbf.be/sport/football/europe/championsleague/detail_real-madrid-fc-bruges-match-de-prestige-pour-les-brugeois-live-commente-18h55?id=10329433|work=[[RTBF]]|date=1 October 2019|accessdate=2 October 2019|language=fr}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|first=Paul|author=Battison|title=Emmanuel Dennis: Club Bruges striker trolls Real Madrid with Cristiano Ronaldo 'Siii' celebration|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/49900947|work=[[BBC Sport]]|date=1 October 2019|accessdate=2 October 2019}}</ref> ==== 1. FC Köln ==== Na 25 Jenụwarị 2021, akụkụ Bundesliga 1. FC Köln kwupụtara na ha bịanyere aka na Dennis na nkwekọrịta mgbazinye ego ruo na njedebe nke oge ahụ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.kicker.de/perfekt-dennis-verstaerkt-koeln-bis-zum-saisonende-4000000036588/transfermeldung|title=Perfekt: Dennis verstärkt Köln bis zum Saisonende|accessdate=2021-01-25|work=kicker.de}}</ref> O mere ngụkọta nke egwuregwu itoolu n'oge ọ nọ na Germany. === Watford === Na 21 June 2021, Watford kwadoro na ha na Club Brugge kwekọrịtara maka ịnyefe Dennis.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.watfordfc.com/news/official-dennis-deal-done|title=Official: Dennis Deal Done|publisher=Watford F.C.|date=21 June 2021|accessdate=21 June 2021}}</ref> E bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta afọ ise mgbe ụbọchị abụọ gasịrị.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.watfordfc.com/news/official-dennis-personal-terms-agreed|title=Official: Dennis Personal Terms Agreed|work=Watford F.C.|date=23 June 2021|accessdate=23 June 2021}}</ref> N'abalị iri na anọ n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ, Dennis nyere goolu na Watford mbụ ya na mmeghe ha na Aston Villa, ebe Watford meriri 3–2.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/58124896|title=Watford 3–2 Aston Villa|work=bbc.co.uk|first=Ellie|author=Thomason|date=14 August 2021|accessdate=14 August 2021}}</ref> A họpụtara Dennis maka ihe nrite Premier League Player of the Month maka Nọvemba 2021 mgbe ọ gbachara ma nweta enyemaka abụọ na 4–1 nke Manchester United<ref> {{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/59271461|title=Watford 4–1 Manchester United|publisher=BBC Sport|date=20 November 2021|accessdate=13 January 2022}}</ref> ma nye goolu na mmeri 4–2 na Leicester City.<ref> {{Cite web|url=https://www.watfordfc.com/news/awards-dennis-nominated-for-november-pl-player-of-the-month|title=Awards: Dennis Nominated For November PL Player of the Month|work=www.watfordfc.com|date=3 December 2021|accessdate=13 January 2022}}</ref><ref> {{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/59363466|title=Leicester 4–2 Watford|publisher=BBC Sport|date=28 November 2021|accessdate=13 January 2022}}</ref> Ugbu a, ọ nọ n'ọkwa nke iri na abụọ na chaatị goolu nke Premier league.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Premier League Player Stats - Goals|url=https://www.premierleague.com/stats/top/players/goals|accessdate=2022-04-25|work=www.premierleague.com|language=en|archivedate=2019-12-01|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20191201143457/https://www.premierleague.com/stats/top/players/goals}}</ref> == Ọrụ mba ụwa == Dennis nọchitere anya Naịjirịa n'okpuru afọ iri abụọ na atọ tupu a kpọọ ya n'otu [[Nigeria national football team|ndị]] okenye.<ref name="EmmanuelDennisThisDay"/> O mere nke mbụ ya na 10 Septemba 2019 na 2–2 enyi na enyi na Ukraine, na-abịa dị ka onye nnọchi anya [[Samuel Chukwueze]] na nkeji 82.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/lineups?gameId=556462|title=Ukraine v Nigeria match report|work=[[ESPN]]|date=10 September 2019|accessdate=2 October 2019}}</ref> Nigeria Football Federation nwara ịkpọ Dennis ka ọ bụrụ onye otu maka 2021 Africa Cup of Nations mana ha boro Watford ebubo na ọ jụrụ ịhapụ Dennis na 'igbochi ezé ha'.<ref> {{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/africa/59837314|title=Afcon 2021: Watford's Emmanuel Dennis and Victor Osimhen out of Nigeria squad|publisher=BBC Sport|date=31 December 2021|accessdate=13 January 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thenff.com/2022/01/health-concerns-injuries-constrain-changes-to-nigerias-final-28-man-list-for-afcon-2021/|title=Health concerns, injuries constrain changes to Nigeria's final 28-man list for AFCON 2021|work=www.thenff.com|date=3 January 2022|accessdate=13 January 2022|archivedate=28 May 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220528171248/https://www.thenff.com/2022/01/health-concerns-injuries-constrain-changes-to-nigerias-final-28-man-list-for-afcon-2021/}}</ref>Dennis so na ndị otu Naịjirịa nke meriri na goolu ndị Black Stars nke Ghana na Qatar 2022 World cup qualifier.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Silas|first=Don|date=2022-03-04|title=Nigeria vs Ghana: Super Eagles announce squad for 2022 World Cup qualifier [Full list]|url=https://dailypost.ng/2022/03/04/nigeria-vs-ghana-super-eagles-announce-squad-for-2022-world-cup-qualifier-full-list/|accessdate=2022-04-25|work=Daily Post Nigeria|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2022-03-30|title=Tears, anger as Eagles lose World Cup ticket to Ghana|url=https://guardian.ng/sport/tears-anger-as-eagles-lose-world-cup-ticket-to-ghana/|accessdate=2022-04-25|work=The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News|language=en-US|archivedate=2022-04-25|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220425002416/https://guardian.ng/sport/tears-anger-as-eagles-lose-world-cup-ticket-to-ghana/}}</ref> == Ọnụọgụgụ ọrụ == === Klọb === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+Ọdịdị na ihe mgbaru ọsọ site na klọb, oge na asọmpi ! rowspan="2" |Klọb ! rowspan="2" |Oge ! colspan="3" |Njikọ ! colspan="2" |Iko Mba ! colspan="2" |Iko Njikọ ! colspan="2" |Europe ! colspan="2" |Ndị ọzọ ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta |- !Nkewa !Ngwaọrụ !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ !Ngwaọrụ !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ !Ngwaọrụ !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ !Ngwaọrụ !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ !Ngwaọrụ !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ !Ngwaọrụ !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ |- |Zorya Luhansk |2016–17 |Njikọ Premier nke Ukraine |22 |6 |1 |0 | colspan="2" | - |3[lower-alpha 1] |0 | colspan="2" | - |26 |6 |- | rowspan="5" |Club Brugge |2017–18 | rowspan="4" |Njikọ Pro nke Belgium |30 |7 |4 |4 | colspan="2" | - |4[lower-alpha 2] |1 | colspan="2" | - |38 |12 |- |2018–19 |26 |7 |1 |0 | colspan="2" | - |5[lower-alpha 3] |0 | colspan="2" | - |32 |7 |- |2019–20 |20 |5 |2 |0 | colspan="2" | - |11[lower-alpha 4] |4 | colspan="2" | - |33 |9 |- |2020–21 |9 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" | - |4[lower-alpha 5] |1 | colspan="2" | - |13 |1 |- ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta !85 !19 !7 !4 ! colspan="2" |- !24 !6 ! colspan="2" |- !116 !29 |- |1. FC Köln (loan) |2020–21 |Bundesliga |9 |0 |1 |1 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |10 |1 |- |Watford |2021–22 |Premier League |33 |10 |0 |0 |2 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |35 |10 |- ! colspan="3" |Ngụkọta !149 !35 !9 !5 !2 !0 !27 !6 ! colspan="2" |- !187 !46 |}   {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+Ngosipụta na ihe mgbaru ọsọ site na otu mba na afọ !Ndị otu mba !Afọ !Ngwaọrụ !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ |- | rowspan="3" |[[Nigeria national football team|Naịjirịa]] |2019 |2 |0 |- |2020 |1 |0 |- |2022 |2 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta !5 !0 |} == Nsọpụrụ na Nkwanye ugwu == '''Club Brugge''' * Ngalaba mbụ nke Belgium A: 2017–18, 2019–20<ref name="Pro">{{Cite web|url=https://www.goal.com/en-us/news/dennis-and-taus-club-brugge-declared-belgian-champions/x4n0saswud8514v2nc7k11xm4|title=Dennis and Tau's Club Brugge declared Belgian champions|work=Goal|date=15 May 2020|accessdate=21 March 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=Brugge secure Belgian league title with draw at Standard Liège|url=http://www.chicagotribune.com/90minutes/europa/ct-90mins-brugge-secure-belgian-league-title-with-draw-at-standard-liege-20180513-story.html#nt=oft12aH-1gp2|work=[[Chicago Tribune]]|date=13 May 2018|accessdate=2 October 2019}}</ref> == Edensibia == {{DEFAULTSORT:Dennis, Emmanuel}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] ax1ibdplvoi29niigz84vh2f7bts6my 0 13381 644591 515799 2026-05-31T09:41:45Z ~2026-32314-82 62081 Fixed reference errors 644591 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Sébastien Aymar Bassong Nguena''' (a mụrụ n'ụbọchị nke 9 n'ọnwa Julaị n'afọ 1986) bụ [[Footbọl|onye egwuregwu bọọlụ]] na-agbachitere. A mụrụ ya na [[France]], ọ gbara bọọlụ maka otu mba [[Kameroon|Cameroon]]. == Ọrụ klọb == === Metz === Oge 2006–07 hụrụ Bassong ka ọ bụrụ onye otu mbụ na-ahụ maka FC Metz, na-eme onwe ya n'ọnọdụ nchebe.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.fcmetz.com/2006-2007/actualites/club/bassong-lage-de-raison|title=BASSONG À L'ÂGE DE RAISON|publisher=FC Metz|language=fr|date=28 August 2006|accessdate=6 April 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190329212603/https://www.fcmetz.com/2006-2007/actualites/club/bassong-lage-de-raison|archivedate=6 April 2019}}</ref> O kwuru na ọ gara n'ihu na ndị otu mbụ, ka oge ahụ na-aga n'ihu.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.fcmetz.com/2006-2007/actualites/equipe-pro/encore-beaucoup-apprendre|title=" ENCORE BEAUCOUP À APPRENDRE "|publisher=FC Metz|language=fr|date=12 December 2006|accessdate=6 April 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190329212606/https://www.fcmetz.com/2006-2007/actualites/equipe-pro/encore-beaucoup-apprendre|archivedate=29 March 2019}}</ref> Kemgbe mmalite nke oge 2006-07, Bassong malitere na egwuregwu ọ bụla ruo mgbe ọ tụfuru otu egwuregwu, n'ihi nkwa mba ụwa.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.fcmetz.com/2006-2007/actualites/equipe-pro/retours-de-gygax-et-leoni|title=RETOURS DE GYGAX ET LEONI|publisher=FC Metz|language=fr|date=19 March 2007|accessdate=6 April 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190329212511/https://www.fcmetz.com/2006-2007/actualites/equipe-pro/retours-de-gygax-et-leoni|archivedate=29 March 2019}}</ref> Mgbe ọ laghachiri na mbido, o nyeere ndị otu aka idebe akwụkwọ ọcha ise n'etiti 30 Machị 2007 na 27 Eprel 2007.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.fcmetz.com/2006-2007/actualites/equipe-pro/tours-sous-controle|title=TOURS SOUS CONTRÔLE|publisher=FC Metz|language=fr|date=9 April 2007|accessdate=6 April 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190329222127/https://www.fcmetz.com/2006-2007/actualites/equipe-pro/tours-sous-controle|archivedate=6 April 2019}}</ref> N'oge nzute ahụ, Bassong nyeere ndị otu ahụ aka imeri Amiens 2–0 na 20 Eprel 2007 iji nweta ọnọdụ ha na Ligue 1 n'oge ọzọ mgbe a chụpụrụ ha n'oge gara aga.<ref name="Bassong Promotion" /> Na 18 Mee 2007, Bassong nyere goolu mbụ ya maka ndị otu ahụ, na mmeri 2–1 megide Strasbourg.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.fcmetz.com/2006-2007/actualites/equipe-pro/un-tres-beau-derby|title=UN TRÈS BEAU DERBY!|publisher=FC Metz|language=fr|date=18 May 2007|accessdate=6 April 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190329212531/https://www.fcmetz.com/2006-2007/actualites/equipe-pro/un-tres-beau-derby|archivedate=29 March 2019}}</ref> Ná ngwụsị nke oge 2006–07, ọ gara n'ihu na-eme ngosi iri atọ na asatọ ma na-agba otu ugboro n'asọmpi niile. === Newcastle United === N'ọnwa Julaị afọ 2008, e nyere Bassong otu izu ikpe na Newcastle United ma mee nke mbụ ya na egwuregwu enyi na enyi tupu oge egwuregwu megide Doncaster Rovers .<ref name="fcmetz">{{Cite web|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/teams/n/newcastle_united/7535529.stm|title=Bassong agrees to Magpies switch|date=31 July 2008|accessdate=21 February 2014|publisher=BBC Sport|work=bbc.co.uk}}</ref><ref name="Toon Out-Don at Rovers">{{Cite news|title=Toon Out-Don at Rovers|url=http://www.nufc.premiumtv.co.uk/page/NewsDetail/0,,10278~1351722,00.html|work=Newcastle United Football Club|publisher=nufc.co.uk|date=26 July 2008|accessdate=30 July 2008}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.fcmetz.com/2008-2009/actualites/equipe-pro/les-echos-du-lundi|title=LES ÉCHOS DU LUNDI|publisher=FC Metz|language=fr|date=21 July 2008|accessdate=6 April 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190329225148/https://www.fcmetz.com/2008-2009/actualites/equipe-pro/les-echos-du-lundi|archivedate=29 March 2019}}</ref> N'abalị iri atọ n'ọnwa Julaị, a kwadoro na Newcastle kwekọrịtara ego nke £ 500,000 na Metz maka Bassong.<ref name="fcmetz" /><ref name="United agree Defender Fee">{{Cite news|title=United agree Defender Fee|url=http://www.nufc.premiumtv.co.uk/page/NewsDetail/0,,10278~1354777,00.html|work=Newcastle United Football Club|publisher=nufc.co.uk|date=30 July 2008|accessdate=30 July 2008}}</ref> === Tottenham Hotspur === [[Usòrò:Cristiano_Ronaldo_(5593704534).jpg|áká_èkpè|thumb|250x250px|Bassong na-aga ịma Cristiano Ronaldo nke Real Madrid aka site na bọọlụ na egwuregwu UEFA Champions League na 2011.]] N'ụbọchị nke isii n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ n'afọ 2009, a kwadoro na ọ gafere ahụike na Spurs na-etinye aka na nkwekọrịta afọ ise ma mezue njem nde £ 8 na klọb North [[London]] n'otu ụbọchị ahụ.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Bassong quits Newcastle for Spurs|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/teams/t/tottenham_hotspur/8187526.stm|work=British Broadcasting Corporation|publisher=BBC Sport|date=6 August 2009|accessdate=6 August 2009}}</ref> Newcastle United jụrụ na mbụ nde £ 10 site na Tottenham Hotspur maka ya.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Newcastle turn down Spurs bid for Bassong|url=https://www.chroniclelive.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/newcastle-turn-down-spurs-bid-1458116|publisher=Chronicle Live|date=2 August 2009|accessdate=6 April 2019}}</ref> [[Usòrò:Ronaldo_vs_Bassong.jpg|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|250x250px|Bassong nwara ịma Gonzalo Higuaín nke Real Madrid aka na UEFA Champions League n'afọ 2011.]] Tupu oge 2011-12, Bassong gosipụtara ọchịchọ ya ịhapụ Tottenham Hotspur, na-ekwu na enweghị ohere ndị otu mbụ na klọb ahụ.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Sebastien Bassong eyes Tottenham exit|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/premier-league/sebastien-bassong-eyes-tottenham-exit-2286860.html|work=The Independent|date=20 May 2011|accessdate=6 April 2019}}</ref> N'oge okpomọkụ, e jikọtara ya na Newcastle United na Queens Park Rangers, mana o mechara nọrọ na Tottenham Hotspur.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Blackburn defender Chris Samba a target for Spurs and Arsenal|url=https://www.thetottenhamindependent.co.uk/sport/9166197.spurs-to-move-for-samba/|publisher=Tottenham Independent|date=28 July 2011|accessdate=6 April 2019}}</ref> Otú ọ dị, ọ gara n'ihu ịnọgide n'azụ usoro pecking na etiti azụ.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Tottenham defender Sebastien Bassong open to QPR switch|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/transfers/tottenham-defender-sebastien-bassong-open-to-qpr-switch-2374015.html|work=The Independent|date=21 October 2011|accessdate=6 April 2019}}</ref> N'agbanyeghị nke a, Bassong bụ onye isi ndị otu ahụ na nke mbụ ya na UEFA Europa League megide Rubin Kazan na 21 Ọktoba 2011; ma nyere ndị otu ahụ aka imeri 1–0.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Bassong's play-me plea to Harry Redknapp|url=https://www.standard.co.uk/sport/football/bassongs-play-me-plea-to-harry-redknapp-6360033.html|publisher=London Evening Standard|date=21 October 2011|accessdate=6 April 2019}}</ref> Na nzute ọzọ megide Rubin Kazan na 3 Nọvemba 2011, Otú ọ dị, ọ bụ ya kpatara ya maka inye free kick, na-eduga na goolu site n'aka ndị otu mmegide, ka Tottenham Hotspur meriri 1–0.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Bassong sorry for decisive error|url=https://www.thetottenhamindependent.co.uk/sport/national/9344723.bassong-sorry-for-decisive-error/|publisher=Tottenham Independent|date=4 November 2011|accessdate=6 April 2019}}</ref> Ka ọ na-erule oge ọ gara Wolverhampton Wanderers maka oge 2011-12, Bassong pụtara ugboro iri na atọ maka Tottenham Hotspur n'oge a. ==== Loan spell na Wolves ==== Na 31 Jenụwarị 2012, Bassong sonyeere ndị otu Premier League Wolverhampton Wanderers na mgbazinye ego ruo na njedebe nke oge 2011-12.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Wolves sign Sebastien Bassong on loan from Tottenham Hotspur|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/16821935.stm|publisher=BBC Sport|date=31 January 2012}}</ref> Mgbe ọ banyere Wolverhampton Wanderers, o kwuru na ọ sonyeere klọb ahụ n'ihi egwuregwu bọọlụ mbụ.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Sebastien Bassong ready for Wolves' relegation battle|url=https://www.standard.co.uk/sport/football/sebastien-bassong-ready-for-wolves-relegation-battle-7314271.html|publisher=London Evening Standard|date=1 February 2012|accessdate=6 April 2019}}</ref> === Norwich City === Na 21 August 2012, Bassong bịanyere aka na Norwich City maka ego a na-akọwaghị.<ref name="NCFC-signing">{{Cite web|title=Sebastien Bassong leaves Tottenham for Norwich City|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/19330887|publisher=BBC Sport|work=bbc.co.uk|date=21 August 2012|accessdate=21 February 2014}}</ref> Nkwekọrịta a jikọtara ya na Chris Hughton onye ọ rụrụ ọrụ na Newcastle.<ref name="NCFC-signing" /><ref>{{Cite news|title=Bassong relishing Hughton link|url=https://www.skysports.com/football/news/11709/8007914/bassong-relishing-hughton-link|publisher=Sky Sports|date=21 August 2012|accessdate=6 April 2019}}</ref> Mgbe ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ afọ abụọ na-anọghị ya, a kpọrọ Bassong n'akụkụ mba ahụ, na-apụta dị ka onye nnọchi anya na-ejighị ya megide Togo na 23 Machị 2013.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Cameroun-Togo : Choupo-Moting, Bassong et Mbia de retour|url=https://www.camfoot.com/actualites/cameroun-togo-choupo-moting,16356.html|publisher=Cam Foot|language=fr|date=9 March 2013|accessdate=28 October 2020}}</ref> Ọ bụghị ruo na 6 Septemba 2015 mgbe ọ pụtara nke mbụ ya na Cameroon n'ime afọ anọ, na-abịa dị ka onye nnọchi anya, na mmeri 1–0 megide Gambia.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Gambie - Cameroun (0-1) : une victoire sur le fil|url=https://www.camfoot.com/actualites/gambie-cameroun-le-onze-avec-joel,22127.html|publisher=Cam Foot|language=fr|date=7 September 2015|accessdate=28 October 2020}}</ref> Otu ọnwa ka e mesịrị, Bassong malitekwara nke mbụ ya n'ime afọ anọ, ebe ndị otu mba ahụ meriri [[Nigeria national football team|Naịjirịa]] 3–0 na 11 Ọktoba 2015.<ref>{{Cite news|title=AMICAL : LE NIGERIA REFAIT SA SANTÉ FACE AU CAMEROUN|url=https://www.africatopsports.com/2015/10/11/amical-le-nigeria-refait-sa-sante-face-au-cameroun/|publisher=Africa Top Sports|language=fr|date=11 October 2015|accessdate=28 October 2020}}</ref> == Ndụ onwe onye == Nne na nna Bassong si Cameroon, na-eme ka ọ na-agbara Cameroon bọọlụ.<ref name="Bassong Interview 2007">{{Cite web|url=https://www.fcmetz.com/2006-2007/actualites/club/un-bleu-decouvert|title=UN BLEU À DÉCOUVERT|publisher=FC Metz|language=fr|date=26 February 2007|accessdate=6 April 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190329212552/https://www.fcmetz.com/2006-2007/actualites/club/un-bleu-decouvert|archivedate=29 March 2019}}</ref> Bassong kpughere na ọ malitere ịgba bọọlụ, na-ehota: "N'ụzọ nkịtị, dị ka ụmụaka niile nọ na mpaghara Paris. Mgbe ị bi n'ebe ahụ, ị na-egwu bọọlụ ka ị na-aga ụlọ akwụkwọ. Nke a bụ egwuregwu a pụrụ ime site na ịpụ n'okporo ámá. Ya mere amalitere m n'ụzọ dị otú a, ọ bịara n'ajụghị m ajụjụ ahụ. Mgbe ahụ, ka m na-aga, enwere m obi ụtọ karịa. '<ref name="Bassong Interview 2007" /> Bassong nwere ụmụnne nwoke anọ na otu nwanne nwanyị.<ref name="Bassong CamFoot">{{Cite news|title=Discret Sébastien Bassong|url=https://www.camfoot.com/portraits/discret-sebastien-bassong,14492.html|publisher=Cam Foot|language=fr|date=5 December 2011|accessdate=28 October 2020}}</ref> Otú ọ dị, nne na nna ya akwadoghị ihe nwa ya nwoke mere na bọọlụ, ebe ha chọrọ ka ọ gụọ akwụkwọ.<ref name="Bassong CamFoot" /> N'ihi ya, ọ kwadoro bọọlụ ya na ọmụmụ ya ma mesịa nweta baccalaureate Es ya ma mụọ usoro ahịa.<ref name="Bassong CamFoot" /> Ka Bassong na-etolite, ọ nọgidere na-enwe mmasị na bọọlụ ma nna ya mechara kweta ma kwe ka ọ kpọọ egwuregwu ahụ.<ref name="Bassong CamFoot" /> Mgbe ọ na-etolite, ọ kwadoro Paris Saint-Germain .<ref name="Bassong Interview 2007" /> N'ajụjụ ọnụ ya na The Guardian, Bassong kwuru na ya nwere ụmụ abụọ.<ref name="Bassong Guardian">{{Cite news|title=Sébastien Bassong: 'Cars and looks are not things I worry about'|url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2014/jan/31/sebastien-bassong-norwich-city-cars-looks|work=The Guardian|date=31 January 2014|accessdate=6 April 2019}}</ref> == Ọnụ ọgụgụ ọrụ == {{updated|match played 1 July 2020}}<ref>{{cite web |title=Sebastien Bassong |url=http://www.soccerbase.com/players/player.sd?player_id=49742 |work=Soccerbase |access-date=3 March 2014}}</ref><ref>{{Soccerway|20944}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+Ọdịdị na ihe mgbaru ọsọ site na klọb, oge na asọmpi ! rowspan="2" |Klọb ! rowspan="2" |Oge ! colspan="3" |Njikọ ! colspan="2" |Iko Mba ! colspan="2" |Iko Njikọ ! colspan="2" |Europe ! colspan="2" |Ndị ọzọ ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta |- !Nkewa !Ngwaọrụ !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ !Ngwaọrụ !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ !Ngwaọrụ !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ !Ngwaọrụ !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ !Ngwaọrụ !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ !Ngwaọrụ !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ |- | rowspan="4" |Metz |2005–06 |Ligue 1 |23 |0 |1 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |24 |0 |- |2006–07 |Ligue 2 |37 |1 |1 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |38 |1 |- |2007–08 |Ligue 1 |19 |0 |3 |0 |2 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |24 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta !79 !1 !5 !0 !2 !0 ! colspan="2" |- !0 !0 !86 !1 |- |Newcastle United |2008–09 |Premier League |30 |0 |2 |0 |2 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |34 |0 |- | rowspan="4" |Tottenham Hotspur |2009–10 |Premier League |28 |1 |7 |0 |3 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |38 |1 |- |2010–11 |Premier League |12 |1 |2 |0 |1 |0 |5 |1 | colspan="2" | - |20 |2 |- |2011–12 |Premier League |5 |0 |1 |0 |1 |0 |6 |0 | colspan="2" | - |13 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta !45 !2 !10 !0 !5 !0 !11 !1 !0 !0 !71 !3 |- |Wolverhampton Wanderers (loan) |2011–12 |Premier League |9 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |9 |0 |- | rowspan="6" |Did |2012–13 |Premier League |34 |3 |0 |0 |1 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |35 |3 |- |2013–14 |Premier League |27 |0 |1 |0 |2 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |30 |0 |- |2014–15 |Asọmpi |21 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |21 |0 |- |2015–16 |Premier League |32 |1 |1 |0 |3 |1 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |36 |2 |- |2016–17 |Asọmpi |9 |0 |1 |0 |3 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |13 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta !123 !4 !3 !0 !9 !1 ! colspan="2" |- !0 !0 !135 !5 |- |Watford (loan) |2014–15 |Asọmpi |11 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |11 |0 |- |Peterborough United |2018–19 |EFL League One |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" | - |1[lower-alpha 1] |0 |1 |0 |- |Volos |2019–20 |Super League Gris |3 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |3 |0 |- ! colspan="3" |Ngụkọta ọrụ !300 !7 !20 !0 !18 !1 !11 !1 !1 !0 !350 !9 |} == Nsọpụrụ == '''Metz''' * Ligue 2: 2006–07<ref name="Bassong Promotion">{{Cite web|url=https://www.fcmetz.com/2006-2007/actualites/equipe-pro/bravo|title=BRAVO!|publisher=FC Metz|language=fr|date=20 April 2007|accessdate=6 April 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190329221506/https://www.fcmetz.com/2006-2007/actualites/equipe-pro/bravo|archivedate=29 March 2019}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://www.fcmetz.com/2006-2007/actualites/equipe-pro/bravo "BRAVO!"] (in French). </cite></ref> '''Norwich City''' * Egwuregwu egwuregwu bọọlụ: 2015<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/32776552|title=Middlesbrough 0–2 Norwich City|first=Phil|author=Shepka|publisher=BBC Sport|date=25 May 2015|accessdate=24 December 2018}}</ref> '''Onye ọ bụla''' * Newcastle United Player of the Year: 2009<ref name="NewcastlePOY">{{Cite news|title=Bassong wants to stay in Toon, says Shearer|url=https://www.chroniclelive.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/bassong-wants-stay-toon-says-1453851|publisher=Chronicle Live|date=3 May 2009|accessdate=6 April 2019}}</ref> * Norwich City Player of the Season: 2013<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.canaries.co.uk/News/2013/may/bassong-named-player-of-the-season/|title=Bassong Named Player of the Season|publisher=Norwich City FC|accessdate=17 May 2013}}</ref> == Ndetu == <references /> == Njikọ mpụga == * Sébastien Bassong at Soccerbase * Sébastien Bassong at Soccerway {{Cameroon squad 2010 FIFA World Cup}}{{Navboxes|title=Awards|bg=gold|list1={{Newcastle United F.C. Player of the Year}} {{Norwich City F.C. Player of the Year}}}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] k4k1c99syknxbwq3rfp71f02s73iblw 0 13468 644363 199568 2026-05-30T22:03:46Z Iwuala chisom 17246 Added {{DEFAULTSORT}} 644363 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} Elizabeth Maruma Mrema bụ onye ndu [[Tanzania]] na onye ọka iwu, dabere na Montreal, Canada ugbu a, họpụtara odeakwụkwọ ukwu nke United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) na 2020. Ọ bụ nwanyị [[Africa]] mbụ nwere ọrụ a. Ọ nabuburu ọtụtụ ọkwa onye isi na mmemme gburugburu ebe obibi nke [[United Nations Security Council Resolution 1295|United Nations]]. .<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|author=Environment|first=U. N.|date=2017-10-17|title=Elizabeth Mrema|url=http://www.unenvironment.org/people/elizabeth-mrema|accessdate=2020-07-01|work=UNEP - UN Environment Programme|language=en}}</ref>Mrema nwetara nzere bachelọ nke Iwu na Mahadum Tanzania nke Dar-es-Salaam, wee nweta nzere Master of Law na Mahadum Dalhousie na Halifax, [[Kánada|Canada]] yana Diploma Postgraduate na Mmekọrịta Mba Nile na Diplomacy sitere na Center of Foreign Relations and Diplomacy in Dar- es-Salaam, Tanzania. Tupu ya na UNEP malite ọrụ, Mrema rụrụ ọrụ na Mịnịstrị nke mba ofesi na mmekọrịta mba ụwa na Tanzania, na-eje ozi dị ka onye ndụmọdụ/onye isi ndụmọdụ gbasara iwu. Ọ gụkwara nkuzi na iwu mba ụwa na ogbako ogbako na Tanzania's Center for Foreign Relations and Diplomacy .<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|author=Environment|first=U. N.|date=2017-10-17|title=Elizabeth Mrema|url=http://www.unenvironment.org/people/elizabeth-mrema|accessdate=2020-07-01|work=UNEP - UN Environment Programme|language=en}}</ref> {{DEFAULTSORT:Mrema, Elizabeth}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] lmfjafboo5ef8y0gesvujl3jwsyz0jr 0 13472 644573 621125 2026-05-31T08:05:27Z Iwuala chisom 17246 Improved+added DS 644573 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} A mụrụ Sirleaf na Monrovia nye nna Gola na nne Kru-German. Ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ na kọleji West Africa. Ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na United States, ebe ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ na Madison Business College na Harvard University. Ọ laghachiri Liberia ịrụ ọrụ na ọchịchị William Tolbert dị ka osote onye minista na-ahụ maka ego site na 1971 ruo 1974. Mgbe e mesịrị, ọ rụrụ ọrụ ọzọ na West, maka Ụlọ akụ Ụwa na Caribbean na Latin America. N'afọ O meriri na ntuli aka onye isi ala nke afọ 2005 wee banye n'ọkwa na 16 Jenụwarị 2006. A họpụtara ya ọzọ n'afọ 2011. Ọ bụ nwanyị mbụ na Afrịka a họpụtara dị ka onye isi ala nke mba ya. O ritere ihe nrite Nobel Peace Prize n'afọ 2011, maka mbọ ọ gbara iji mee ka ụmụ nwanyị banye n'usoro udo. O nwetala ọtụtụ onyinye ndị ọzọ maka ndu ya. N'ọnwa Juun afọ 2016, a họpụtara Sirleaf dị ka onye isi oche nke Economic Community of West African States, na-eme ka ọ bụrụ nwanyị mbụ jidere ọkwa ahụ kemgbe e kere ya.<ref name="GhanaStar">{{Cite web|url=http://www.ghanastar.com/africa-news/liberias-president-sirleaf-elected-new-ecowas-chair/|title=Liberia's President Ellen Sirleaf, Becomes First Female ECOWAS Chair|publisher=GhanaStar.com|date=5 June 2016|accessdate=5 June 2016}}</ref> Ọ bụ ezie na ọ bụghị n'ezie Americo-Liberian n'ihe gbasara ọmụmụ, n'ihi nzụlite nne na nna ya na agụmakwụkwọ nke ya na West, a na-ewere Sirleaf dị ka omenala Americo-Liberian, ma ọ bụ chee na ọ bụ Americo-Liberian. Ndị mụrụ ya abụọ tolitere na Monrovia, bụ ebe etiti mmetụta Americo-Liberia, mgbe amuchara ya n'ime ime obodo dara ogbenye. Sirleaf akọwapụtaghị nke a.<ref>{{Cite web|first=Alistair|author=Bobby-Evans|url=http://africanhistory.about.com/od/liberia/p/Sirleaf.htm|title=Biography: Ellen Johnson-Sirleaf, Liberia's 'Iron Lady'|work=[[About.com]]|accessdate=14 December 2010|archivedate=16 October 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161016171629/http://africanhistory.about.com/od/liberia/p/Sirleaf.htm}}</ref> {{DEFAULTSORT:Sirleaf, Ellen Johnson}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] kp7rs4226sy7cx71vvycyb44vbe3bmn 0 13473 644076 123431 2026-05-30T15:24:37Z Neme244 16387 added DEFAULTSORT 644076 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} Emma Inamutila Theofelus (amụrụ 28 Maachị 1996) bụ onye ndọrọndọrọ ọchịchị Namibia, na-ejekwa ozi ugbu a dị ka osote onye minista na-ahụ maka mgbasa ozi, nzikọrịta ozi na teknụzụ. Ihe gbasara iwu ya bụ nlekọta nzuko omeiwu, mmepe onwe onye omeiwu, E-parliament, iwu mgbanwe ihu igwe, itinye aka na ndị ntorobịa na nzuko omeiwu, na nyocha ụlọ omebe iwu.<ref name="Theofilus, Emma">{{Cite web|title=Theofilus, Emma|url=https://www.parliament.na/index.php/national-assembly/members/non-voting-members/1609-emma-theofilus|accessdate=2021-05-21|work=www.parliament.na|archivedate=2021-04-23|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210423140523/https://www.parliament.na/index.php/national-assembly/members/non-voting-members/1609-emma-theofilus}}</ref> {{DEFAULTSORT:Theofelus, Emma}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] klthih822cdg5r0yh77rlycdz8v2j1r 0 13534 643966 94167 2026-05-30T12:20:55Z Philip Emeka 16124 fixed reference errors 643966 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} Tundun Abiola bụ onye ọkaiwu Naijiria na onye na-egosi ihe onyonyo na Arise News.<ref name=":0" /> == Akụkọ ndụ == A mụrụ Abiola n'aka onye ọchụnta ego na onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, Chief MKO Abiola .<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|date=2013-12-28|title=Tundun Abiola's marriage finally collapses|url=https://thenationonlineng.net/tundun-abiolas-marriage-finally-collapses/|accessdate=2021-12-02|work=The Nation Newspaper|language=en-US}}</ref> O kwuru na Sir David Frost, Ruth Benemesia-Opia, Siene Allwell-Brown na Ronke Ayuba bụ ndị mmụọ nsọ ya.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|date=2021-01-31|title=Voices for Change! {{!}} THISDAY Style|url=https://www.thisdaystyle.ng/voices-for-change/|accessdate=2021-12-02|language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://www.thisdaystyle.ng/voices-for-change/ "Voices for Change! | THISDAY Style"]. 2021-01-31<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-12-02</span></span>.</cite></ref> A họpụtara ya maka 2021 Nigeria Outlook Women Trailblazer Awards .<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-10-09|title=Ministers, Kebbi First Lady, journalists nominated for Nigeria Outlook Women Trailblazer Awards|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2021/10/ministers-kebbi-first-lady-journalists-nominated-for-nigeria-outlook-women-trailblazer-awards/|accessdate=2021-12-02|work=Vanguard News|language=en-US}}</ref> Abiola lụrụ Atama Attah amụrụ na [[Ȯra Benue|Benue Steeti]] na Claridges Hotel, Mayfair, [[London]], ọ kwụsịrị obere oge.<ref name=":1" /><ref>{{Cite news|date=2013-12-29|title=Nigeria: Still On Tundun Abiola's Failed Marriage - Ex-Husband Atama Attah Remarries Jonathan's Aide}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2016-12-23|title=Tundun Abiola regains groove|url=https://thenationonlineng.net/tundun-abiola-regains-groove/|accessdate=2021-12-02|work=The Nation Newspaper|language=en-US}}</ref> [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] hwypf0bw5nlt2fped6odzgxda7n3c5d 0 13634 644548 77235 2026-05-31T06:43:06Z Nachi kim 20090 added{{ DEFAULTSORT}} 644548 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Tharwat Bassily''' (Copti: ⲥⲉⲣⲟⲩⲁⲧ ⲃⲁⲥⲓⲗⲓ) Ph.D., (14 Septemba 1940 - 5 Disemba 2017) bụ onye ọchụnta ego Egypt. Bassily gụsịrị akwụkwọ na ngalaba nke ọgwụ, Mahadum Cairo na 1967.[<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.akhbarak.net/news/2017/12/05/12994212/articles/27668940/%D9%85%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%B9%D9%86-%D8%B1%D8%AC%D9%84-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%B9%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%B1%D9%8A-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%81%D9%89-%D8%AB%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AA-%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%8A|title=معلومات عن رجل الأعمال المصري المتوفى|work=أخبارك.نت|access-date=2018-03-14|language=ar}}</ref>] Ọ bụ onye nchoputa na onye isi oche nke Board of Amoun Pharmaceutical Company S.A.E., otu n'ime ndị isi ụlọ ọrụ na-emepụta ọgwụ na Egypt. Bassily bụkwa onye odeakwụkwọ nke Holy Synod nke Chọọchị Ọtọdọks nke Coptic, [<ref>{{cite news|title= Investigations exclude possibility of crime in disappearance of priest’s wife|url=<ref>{{cite news|title=44 Shura appointments include 8 Copts |url=http://www.almasryalyoum.com/en/news/44-shura-appointments-include-8-copts|accessdate=5 August 2010|newspaper=[[Almasry Alyoum]]|date=22 June 2010}}</ref>] na onye guzobere Coptic TV. ==Tharwat Bassily== ⲥⲉⲣⲟⲩⲧ Onye guzobere ọwa CTV; Onye odeakwụkwọ ukwu nke Synod Holy Church nke Coptic Orthodox Church Nkọwa nkeonwe Amụrụ Septemba 14, 1940[1] Egypt Nwụrụ 5 Disemba 2017 (afọ 77)[2][3] United States Ụmụ amaala Egypt Egypt Agụmakwụkwọ Bachelor of Pharmacy, Mahadum Cairo (1967) ===Ebensidee=== {{DEFAULTSORT:Bassily, Tharwat}} 5fgxq7nw5sh5ni1u4xjj0137ujwx85z 0 13750 644471 131423 2026-05-31T03:54:11Z Goodymeraj 16207 Fixed reference error 644471 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Stanley Jegede''' bụ onye ọchụnta ego Naijiria, onye ọchụnta ego[<ref>{{Citation|title=Businessperson|date=2019-09-18|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Businessperson&oldid=916276038|work=Wikipedia|language=en|access-date=2019-09-19}}</ref>] na onye na-enyere ndị mmadụ aka. A na-ewere ya dị ka otu n'ime ndị mmadụ na-agbanwe ohere mgbasa ozi Nigeria, n'ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ afọ iri abụọ.[</ref> and philanthropist. He is considered one of the individuals transforming the Nigerian [[Telecommunications in Nigeria|telecommunications]] space, in almost two decades.<ref>][<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.africanbusinesscentral.com/2015/04/27/21-nigerian-tech-ceos-at-the-top-of-their-game/|title=21 Nigerian tech CEOs at the top of their game|website=African Business Central|language=en-US|access-date=2019-06-18|accessdate=2022-05-28|archivedate=2020-12-01|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20201201171255/https://www.africanbusinesscentral.com/2015/04/27/21-nigerian-tech-ceos-at-the-top-of-their-game/}}</ref>] O mebere Phase3 Telecom, ụlọ ọrụ nyere ikike dị ka National Long Distance Operator (NLDO) nke Nigerian Communications Commission (NCC) na 2003.[</ref> He co-founded Phase3 Telecom, a firm licensed as National Long Distance Operator (NLDO) by the [[Nigerian Communications Commission]] (NCC) in 2003.<ref>] O nyere aka n'iwulite ụlọ ọrụ ahụ site na ụlọ ọrụ dị na mpaghara gaa n'otu n'ime akụrụngwa azụ azụ nke West Africa na netwọọdụ brọdband nwere eriri optic karịa ụdị ọkụ eletrik.[<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://thenationonlineng.net/globacom-restates-commitment-to-development-of-tourism/|title=NCC, Phase 3 partner over underserved areas|date=2013-06-12|website=The Nation Newspaper|language=en-US|access-date=2019-06-18}}</ref>]. Ọ bụ onye isi oche ugbu a na Phase3 Telecom[<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.telecompaper.com/news/phase3-telecom-appoints-new-ceo-and-chairman--1291996|title=Phase3 Telecom appoints new CEO and chairman|website=www.telecompaper.com|language=en|access-date=2019-06-18}}</ref>] ===Ebemsidee=== {{Reflist}} aljdelief6krc153fxmk7q6lrjt9zb6 0 13778 644575 94421 2026-05-31T08:16:43Z ~2026-32314-82 62081 Fixed reference errors 644575 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Sydney Samuel Hough''' FRS (11 June 1870, Stoke Newington – 8 July 1923, Gerrards Cross, Buckinghamshire) bụ onye Britain na-ahụ maka mgbakọ na mwepụ na onye na-enyocha mbara igwe.<ref>{{Cite journal|title=Hough, Sydney Samuel|journal=Who's Who|year=1919|pages=1227|url=https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015047639912;view=1up;seq=1269}}</ref><ref name="ASSAref" /> Hough gụrụ akwụkwọ na Christ's Hospital wee nweta agụmakwụkwọ na Cambridge. Ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na 1892 B.A. na 1896 M.A. na St John's College, Cambridge ma bụrụ onye otu n'ebe ahụ site na 1895 ruo 1901. Ọ bụ osote nna ukwu na Winchester College na 1894. Na South Africa's Royal Observatory, Cape of Good Hope, ọ bụ site na 1898 ruo 1907 onye isi enyemaka nke David Gill na, mgbe Gill lara ezumike nká na 1906, onye nduzi site na 1907 ruo 1923. Mgbe mbụ ọ sonyeere Gill, Hough pụtara ìhè na mgbakọ na mwepụ mana ọ nwere obere ahụmịhe na mbara igwe - Otú ọ dị, Hough mụtara ngwa ngwa site na Gill ma nye enyemaka bara uru. Hough lekwasịrị anya na mmezu nke usoro Gill ma chịkọta mpịakọta ise n'ime mpịakọta iri na abụọ nke akụkụ ndịda Afrịka nke Carte du Ciel. Hough ji nlezianya tụọ ọnọdụ nke ihe karịrị kpakpando 20,000.<ref name="ASSAref">{{Cite web|url=http://assa.saao.ac.za/sections/history/astronomers/hough_ss|title=HOUGH, Sydney Samuel [FRS]|work=Astronomical Society of Southern Africa}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[http://assa.saao.ac.za/sections/history/astronomers/hough_ss "HOUGH, Sydney Samuel &#x5B;FRS&#x5D;"]. ''Astronomical Society of Southern Africa''.</cite></ref> A họpụtara Hough na 1899 ka ọ bụrụ onye otu Royal Society of South Africa na 1902 onye otu Royal Society. Na 1908 ghọrọ onye isi oche mbụ nke Royal Society of South Africa. Ọrụ mgbakọ na mwepụ ya na-emetụta echiche nke oke mmiri.<ref name="ASSAref">{{Cite web|url=http://assa.saao.ac.za/sections/history/astronomers/hough_ss|title=HOUGH, Sydney Samuel [FRS]|work=Astronomical Society of Southern Africa}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[http://assa.saao.ac.za/sections/history/astronomers/hough_ss "HOUGH, Sydney Samuel &#x5B;FRS&#x5D;"]. ''Astronomical Society of Southern Africa''.</cite></ref> == Leekwa == * Ọrụ Hough == Ndetu ==   <references /> <references /> {{Reflist}}  == Njikọ mpụga == * Biography of Sydney Samuel Hough at the S2A3 Biographical Database of Southern African Science * mbipụta nke S.S. Hough na Astrophysics Data System 2wryepz7j82kfaswvc1mhgl85tk9khq 0 13875 644468 516245 2026-05-31T03:48:16Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 644468 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Adetona Omokanye''' (amụrụ na Julaị 17, 1990) bụ onye Naijiria na-ese foto. A mụrụ ya na Erin-Ile, Kwara State, Nigeria, ọ bi ugbu a na Toronto, [[Kánada|Canada]], ebe o si [[Lagos]], Nigeria kwaga ebe ahụ n'afọ 2020.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=CAP Prize – International Prize for Contemporary African Photography|url=https://www.capprize.com/landing/shortlist2022|accessdate=2022-05-17|work=CAP Prize|language=en-US|archivedate=2023-10-17|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20231017124930/https://www.capprize.com/landing/shortlist2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=About – Adetona Omakanye|url=https://www.adetonaomokanye.com/about/|accessdate=2022-05-17|language=en-US}}</ref> Omokanye arụla ọrụ n'oge dị iche iche na ọrụ maka Bloomberg, Getty Images, World Food Programme, Eater, Global Citizen n'etiti ndị ọzọ.<ref>{{Cite news|date=2022-01-17|title=Surprise Uptick in Nigerian Inflation Unlikely to Spur Rate Hike|language=en|work=Bloomberg.com|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2022-01-17/surprise-uptick-in-nigerian-inflation-unlikely-to-spur-rate-hike|accessdate=2022-05-17}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=Eater Staff|date=2020-01-07|title=Where to Eat Around the World in 2020|url=https://www.eater.com/2020/1/7/20961410/best-places-to-eat-travel-2020|accessdate=2022-05-17|work=Eater|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Explosive mix of soaring food prices and conflict drives up hunger by a third across West Africa {{!}} World Food Programme|url=https://www.wfp.org/news/explosive-mix-soaring-food-prices-and-conflict-drives-hunger-third-across-west-africa|accessdate=2022-05-17|work=www.wfp.org|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=How I've Kept Thousands of Children in School During the Pandemic Using Only My Phone|url=https://www.globalcitizen.org/en/content/basirat-ajayi-nigerian-teacher-covid-19-education/|accessdate=2022-05-17|work=Global Citizen|language=en}}</ref> Ọrụ ya na-akpali akpali emeela ka ọ bụrụ onye ama ama na mba ụwa ma gosipụta ya n'ọtụtụ ihe ngosi na usoro mgbasa ozi n'ụwa niile. == Agụmakwụkwọ == Omokanye nwetara nzere bachelọ nke sayensị na sayensị mmiri na Mahadum nke Lagos n'afọ 2013. Ọ gara n'ihu nweta nzere Master of Science na mmetọ mmiri na njikwa n'otu ụlọ ọrụ ahụ n'afọ 2017.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Adetona Omokanye|url=https://www.bakanaldeafrique.com/artist-bios/adetona|accessdate=2022-05-17|work=Bakanal de Afrique 2020|language=en-US}}</ref> == Ọrụ na mmata == N'afọ 2018, Adetona Omokanye na onye nta akụkọ na-enweghị onwe ya na Germany bụ Petra Sorge rụkọrọ ọrụ iji mee nyocha akwụkwọ nke were ọnwa atọ na-ekpughe ihe ize ndụ ọrụ, nsí na mmetọ gburugburu ebe obibi n'ime na gburugburu ụlọ ọrụ na-emegharị batrị na Lagos na [[Ȯra Ogun|Ogun]] steeti nke Naịjirịa.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2018-12-14|title=Dying in instalments: How lead battery recyclers are poisoning Nigerians (Part I)|url=http://businessday.ng/businessday-investigation/businessday-investigation-f/article/dying-in-instalments-how-lead-battery-recyclers-are-poisoning-nigerians-part-i/|accessdate=2022-05-17|work=Businessday NG|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2018-12-17|title=Dying in instalment: Foreign buyers pile pressure on polluting company (2)|url=http://businessday.ng/businessday-investigation/businessday-investigation-f/article/dying-in-instalment-foreign-buyers-pile-pressure-on-polluting-company-2/|accessdate=2022-05-17|work=Businessday NG|language=en-US}}</ref> E nyere akụkọ mgbasa ozi atọ nke e mepụtara site na nyocha na ''[[Business Day (Nigeria)|BusinessDay]]'' Newspaper ihe nrite mbụ nke oru nta akuko Fetisov na Ọkachasị na ngalaba mgbasa ozi gburugburu ebe obibi n'afọ 2019.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Fetisov Journalism Awards|url=https://fjawards.com/finalists/13-isaac-anyogu-petra-sorge/article|accessdate=2022-05-17|work=fjawards.com|language=en}}</ref> E depụtala Omokanye na Create Magazine.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Visual Storytelling Through Photography by Adetona Omokanye {{!}} Create! Magazine|url=https://www.createmagazine.com/blog/storytelling-through-photography-by-adetona-omokanye|accessdate=2022-05-17|work=www.createmagazine.com|archivedate=2022-08-16|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220816230632/https://www.createmagazine.com/blog/storytelling-through-photography-by-adetona-omokanye}}</ref> Adetona Omokanye bụ onye Naijiria na onye Afrịka mbụ nwetara Creative Bursary nke Getty Images na Verizon Media (nke bụ Yahoo ugbu a) nyere. O nwetara onyinye a na-akpọ nkwarụ n'afọ 2019 dị ka onye mmeri nke atọ na ọrụ ya akpọrọ "Beyond 4ft-10inch" nke na-achọ ịkọwapụta echiche mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya nke ndị dwarfs na mgbasa ozi na mgbasa ozi na Naịjirịa.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Getty Images and Verizon Media award photographers for disability-focused grant|url=https://www.yahooinc.com/press/getty-images-verizon-media-award/|accessdate=2022-05-17|work=www.yahooinc.com|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Getty Images and Verizon Media award $40,000 in prizes to five photographers, as part of first-ever Disability-Focused Creative Bursary {{!}} Getty Images Press Room {{!}} Latest company news, media announcements and information|url=http://press.gettyimages.com/getty-images-and-verizon-media-award-40000-in-prizes-to-five-photographers-as-part-of-first-ever-disability-focused-creative-bursary/|accessdate=2022-05-17|language=en-US|archivedate=2022-05-22|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220522022324/http://press.gettyimages.com/getty-images-and-verizon-media-award-40000-in-prizes-to-five-photographers-as-part-of-first-ever-disability-focused-creative-bursary/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=Dec 4|first=Debbie Overman {{!}}|date=2019-12-04|title=Disability-Focused Creative Bursary Grants Awarded to Five Photographers|url=https://rehabpub.com/industry-news/disability-focused-creative-bursary-grants-awarded-to-five-photographers/|accessdate=2022-05-17|work=Rehab Management|language=en-US}}</ref> Ọ bụ otu n'ime ndị mbido nke Bakanal de Afrique 2020 Artist Fellowship Cohort, na nchịkọta ya "Fàyàwọ́" nke na-egosi eziokwu siri ike nke mbubata n'ofe ókèala Benin na Naijiria gosipụtara na Bakanal de Afrique 'Mi Soon Come 2020' na-enyocha njikọ nke njem obodo na omenala, klas na ụmụ amaala.<ref>{{Cite web|title=FAYAWO|url=https://www.bakanaldeafrique.com/whyareyourunning/domjones-cfbdh-a8zcw|accessdate=2022-05-17|work=Bakanal de Afrique 2020|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Meet The Fellows - 3D virtual exhibition by BAKANAL DE AFRIQUE|url=https://artspaces.kunstmatrix.com/en/node/2986188|accessdate=2022-05-17|work=www.kunstmatrix.com|language=en}}</ref> O nwetara ihe a na-akwanyere ùgwù dị ka otu n'ime ndị na-azo maka PhMuseum Mobile Photo Prize na 2020.<ref>{{Cite web|title=See all the results {{!}} PhMuseum 2020 Mobile Photography Prize|url=https://phmuseum.com/grants/2020-mobile-photography-prize|accessdate=2022-05-17|work=phmuseum.com|language=en|archivedate=2022-06-07|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220607205719/https://phmuseum.com/grants/2020-mobile-photography-prize}}</ref> O sonyere na New York nyocha Pọtụfoliyo nke afọ 2021 nke ngalaba foto nke New York Times na Craig Newmark Graduate School of Journalism na City University of New York mepụtara. Na Mee 2022, Omokanye mere ndepụta maka Contemporary African Photography Prize (CAP Prize) 2022 na nchịkọta dijitalụ ya na-enyocha njikọ dị n'etiti ọdịbendị na ọdịnala na ejiji [[Egungun|Egúngún]] na ejiji nke oge a.<ref name=":0" /> Ọrụ Omokanye na-ekpuchi mkpesa nke #EndSARS megide mmegbu ndị uwe ojii na Nigeria n'ọnwa Ọktọba afọ 2020 gosipụtara na usoro mgbasa ozi mba ụwa dị iche iche dịka Getty Images, <nowiki><i id="mwVg">Bloomberg</i></nowiki>, Wall Street Journal, Times Magazine, ''Huffington Post'', ''The Guardian'', <nowiki><i id="mwYA">BuzzFeed News</i></nowiki>, ''GQ'', na Amnesty International.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Akingbule|first=Joe Parkinson, Drew Hinshaw and Gbenga|date=2020-10-23|title=Young Nigerians Came to Protest Police Brutality. Then the Shooting Started.|language=en-US|work=Wall Street Journal|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/young-nigerians-came-to-protest-police-brutality-then-the-shooting-started-11603452187|accessdate=2022-05-17}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=2021-12-01|title=Lagos Rejects ‘Massacre’ Findings About 2020 Protest|language=en|work=Bloomberg.com|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-12-01/nigeria-s-lagos-rejects-massacre-findings-about-2020-protest|accessdate=2022-05-17}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=DJ Switch on Her Fight for Justice in Nigeria|url=https://time.com/5922305/dj-switch-nigeria-endsars/|accessdate=2022-05-17|work=Time|language=en|archivedate=2022-05-05|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220505145209/https://time.com/5922305/dj-switch-nigeria-endsars/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-10-23|title=I’m An #EndSars Protester In Nigeria. Despite The Brutality, We Won’t Give Up|url=https://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/entry/endsars-nigeria_uk_5f9200f7c5b66d4a0dbd6a85|accessdate=2022-05-17|work=HuffPost UK|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-11-01|title=‘The lights went out and the shooting started’: #EndSars protesters find no justice one year on|url=https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2021/nov/01/nigeria-end-sars-protesters-find-no-justice-one-year-on|accessdate=2022-05-17|work=the Guardian|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=These Photos Show What The #EndSARS Movement Looked Like|url=https://www.buzzfeednews.com/article/koviebiakolo/endsars-nigeria-protests-police-brutality|accessdate=2022-05-17|work=BuzzFeed News|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=Bubacz|first=Kate|title=28 Of The Most Powerful Photos Of This Week|url=https://www.buzzfeednews.com/article/katebubacz/most-powerful-photos-oct-23|accessdate=2022-05-17|work=BuzzFeed News|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-10-27|title="It Was a Horror Show": Inside the #EndSARS Protests Against Police Violence in Nigeria|url=https://www.gq.com/story/endsars-protests-police-brutality-nigeria|accessdate=2022-05-17|work=GQ|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=España|first=Amnistía Internacional|title=Nigeria: 100 días después del tiroteo de Lekki, continúan los encubrimientos y las negaciones de las autoridades|url=https://www.es.amnesty.org/en-que-estamos/noticias/noticia/articulo/nigeria-100-dias-despues-del-tiroteo-de-lekki-continuan-los-encubrimientos-y-las-negaciones-de-las-autoridades/|accessdate=2022-05-17|work=www.es.amnesty.org|language=es-ES}}</ref> Ọrụ ya na ndụ na ọha mmadụ n'oge ọrịa Coronavirus, itinye dijitalụ na itinye teknụzụ, omenala nri na ọtụtụ isiokwu ndị ọzọ na nsogbu mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya na Lagos na obodo ndị ọzọ dị na Naijiria apụtawokwa na ụlọ ọrụ mgbasa ozi mba ụwa ndị ọzọ dịka ''Al Jazeera'', Bloomberg, Reuters, ''Der Spiegel'', Eater, ''Financial Times'', n'etiti ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Nigeria devalues naira as part of path to single exchange rate|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/economy/2021/5/25/nigeria-devalues-naira-as-part-of-path-to-single-exchange-rate|accessdate=2022-05-17|work=www.aljazeera.com|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=2021-05-30|title=Nigeria’s Commercial Hub Threatens to Jail Covid Transgressors|language=en|work=Bloomberg.com|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-05-30/nigeria-s-commercial-hub-threatens-to-jail-covid-transgressors|accessdate=2022-05-17}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=Looking in, looking out on the world while under lockdown {{!}} Reuters.com|language=en|work=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/news/picture/looking-in-looking-out-on-the-world-whil-idUSRTS39CE2|accessdate=2022-05-17}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|author=Anyaogu|first=Isaac|date=2018-12-14|title=Nigeria: Wo das Blei aus unseren Batterien die Menschen vergiftet|language=de|work=Der Spiegel|url=https://www.spiegel.de/wirtschaft/nigeria-wo-das-blei-aus-unseren-batterien-die-menschen-vergiftet-a-00000000-0002-0001-0000-000161350428|accessdate=2022-05-17}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=2020-07-28|title=A timely photo prize asks: What does home mean to you?|work=Financial Times|url=https://www.ft.com/content/75b8555b-3500-4380-99b1-6ba489e38030|accessdate=2022-05-17}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=2022-02-15|title=Nigeria: Africa’s paradoxical powerhouse|work=Financial Times|url=https://www.ft.com/content/2b4233d7-2c7d-4e42-a243-ae5e9d6ef147|accessdate=2022-05-17}}</ref> Ọ bụ onye otu foto Diversify , onye mmegide ndị ọchịchị ike, onye mmegide nkwalite ihe ụmụ nwoke, pro-BIPOC naonye mmeghari foto; na African akwụkwọ akụkọ foto nke nchekwa data(APJD), nke bụ ọrụ nkwonkwo nke World Press Photo Foundation na Everyday Africa.<ref>{{Cite web|title=All Members|url=https://diversify.photo/all/|accessdate=2022-05-17|work=Diversify Photo|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=APJD members {{!}} World Press Photo|url=https://www.worldpressphoto.org/education/programs/african-photojournalism-database/members|accessdate=2022-05-17|work=www.worldpressphoto.org|archivedate=2022-05-17|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220517100850/https://www.worldpressphoto.org/education/programs/african-photojournalism-database/members}}</ref> == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 9y2w8evxdfqbbrjy4ach5ndg1vpfjww 0 13920 644009 179294 2026-05-30T13:37:23Z Iwuala chisom 17246 Fixed reference errors 644009 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Susanne Wenger.tif|thumb|Susanne Wenger]]   [[Category:Articles with hCards]] Chief '''Susanne Wenger''' MFR, nke a makwaara dị ka '''Adunni Olorisha''' (ihe dị ka 1915 - 12 Jenụwarị 2009), bụ onye Austria-Nigerian na-ese ihe, onye na-ese ihe na onye na-ese ihe nkiri, [[Tribal chief|onye]] bi na Nigeria.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.lambiek.net/artists/w/wenger_susanne.htm|title=Susanne Wenger}}</ref> Isi ihe ọ lekwasịrị anya bụ omenala ndị [[Ndi Yoruba|Yoruba]] ma nwee ihe ịga nke ọma n'ịrụ ụlọ ọrụ ndị na-ese ihe na [[Osogbo]].<ref name="guardian">[https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2009/mar/26/obituary-suzanne-wenger Obituary], theguardian.com, 26 March 2009; accessed 2 April 2017.</ref> Ya na ndị na-ese ihe n'obodo Osogbo jikọrọ aka iji rụgharịa ma mezie [[Osun-Osogbo|Osun Osogbo Sacred Grove]] na ihe ọkpụkpụ na ihe osise na-egosi ọrụ dị iche iche nke ndị Orishas. Wenger bụ onye isi na-akwado maka ichekwa Osun Grove. N'ihi mbọ ya, e mere osisi ahụ ka ọ bụrụ ihe ncheta mba na 1965, ma mesịa mara ya dị ka ebe nketa ụwa.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Ogundiran|first=Akinwumi|date=2014|title=The Osun-Osogbo Grove as a Social Common and an Uncommon Ground: An Analysis of Patrimonial Patronage in Postcolonial Nigeria|journal=International Journal of Cultural Property|language=en|volume=21|issue=2|pages=173–198|doi=10.1017/S0940739114000058|issn=0940-7391}}</ref> == Mmalite ndụ na ọrụ == A mụrụ Susanne Wenger na Graz, Austria. Ọ bụ nwa nwanyị nke onye nkụzi ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị Bekee na French na nne amụrụ onye isi ndị agha Austro-Hungarian.<ref name=":4"/><ref name=":5"/> Wenger gara School of Applied Arts na Graz na 1930, ọkachamara na ite. O mechara gaa n'ihu na ọmụmụ ya, nke mbụ na Higher Graphical Federal Education and Research Institute wee gaa na Academy of Fine Arts Vienna n'akụkụ, n'etiti ndị ọzọ, Herbert Boeckl .<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.pulse.ng/lifestyle/food-travel-arts-culture/susanne-wenger-a-brief-walk-in-to-the-life-of-adunni-olorisa-id8175055.html|title=Susanne Wenger: A brief walk in to the life of Adunni Olorisa|author=Oreva|first=Duke|accessdate=2018-08-18|language=en-US}}</ref> Mgbe ọ nọ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ, ọ mụtara usoro fresco ma meziwanye nkà eserese ya.<ref name=":3"/> Mgbe agha ahụ biri, Wenger bụ onye ọrụ nke magazin ụmụaka ndị Kọmunist ''Unsere Zeitung'' ("Akwụkwọ akụkọ anyị"), nke bụ mkpuchi nke mbipụta mbụ ọ haziri. N'afọ 1947, ndị enyi ya kpọrọ ya ka ọ bụrụ onye otu Vienna Art Club.<ref name=":4">{{Cite journal|author=Probst|first=Peter|date=2008|title=M odernism against M odernity: A Tribute to Susanne Wenger|journal=Critical Interventions|language=en|volume=2|issue=3–4|pages=245–255|doi=10.1080/19301944.2008.10781356|issn=1930-1944}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFProbst2008">Probst, Peter (2008). "M odernism against M odernity: A Tribute to Susanne Wenger". ''Critical Interventions''. '''2''' (3–4): 245–255. [[Doi (njirimara)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1080/19301944.2008.10781356|10.1080/19301944.2008.10781356]]. [[ISSN (njirimara)|ISSN]]&nbsp;[//www.worldcat.org/issn/1930-1944 1930-1944]. [[S2CID (njirimara)|S2CID]]&nbsp;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:170247850 170247850].</cite></ref> Na Vienna, n'oge na mgbe agha ahụ gasịrị, ọtụtụ n'ime ọrụ ya bụ nnwale na-esite n'ike mmụọ; ọrụ ndị a gụnyere eserese pensụl na-acha uhie uhie na ihe oyiyi na-enweghị atụ siri ike ịkọwapụta.<ref name=":4" /> N'afọ 1947, Wenger gara Ịtali, e nyere ya njem ahụ dị ka ihe nrite maka mmeri asọmpi mpempe akwụkwọ. Mgbe ọ lọtara, ọ chọtara ihe ịga nke ọma na-ere ọrụ ya n'aka onye na-ere ihe osise, Johann Egger, onye nwekwara ọrụ Hans Arp, Paul Klee na Piet Mondrian.<ref name=":4">{{Cite journal|author=Probst|first=Peter|date=2008|title=M odernism against M odernity: A Tribute to Susanne Wenger|journal=Critical Interventions|language=en|volume=2|issue=3–4|pages=245–255|doi=10.1080/19301944.2008.10781356|issn=1930-1944}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFProbst2008">Probst, Peter (2008). "M odernism against M odernity: A Tribute to Susanne Wenger". ''Critical Interventions''. '''2''' (3–4): 245–255. [[Doi (njirimara)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1080/19301944.2008.10781356|10.1080/19301944.2008.10781356]]. [[ISSN (njirimara)|ISSN]]&nbsp;[//www.worldcat.org/issn/1930-1944 1930-1944]. [[S2CID (njirimara)|S2CID]]&nbsp;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:170247850 170247850].</cite></ref> Mgbe ọ biri na Italy na Switzerland na aro nke Egger, na 1949 Wenger gara Paris, ebe ọ zutere di ya n'ọdịnihu, ọkà mmụta asụsụ Ulli Beier .<ref name=":4">{{Cite journal|author=Probst|first=Peter|date=2008|title=M odernism against M odernity: A Tribute to Susanne Wenger|journal=Critical Interventions|language=en|volume=2|issue=3–4|pages=245–255|doi=10.1080/19301944.2008.10781356|issn=1930-1944}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFProbst2008">Probst, Peter (2008). "M odernism against M odernity: A Tribute to Susanne Wenger". ''Critical Interventions''. '''2''' (3–4): 245–255. [[Doi (njirimara)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1080/19301944.2008.10781356|10.1080/19301944.2008.10781356]]. [[ISSN (njirimara)|ISSN]]&nbsp;[//www.worldcat.org/issn/1930-1944 1930-1944]. [[S2CID (njirimara)|S2CID]]&nbsp;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:170247850 170247850].</cite></ref> N'otu afọ ahụ, e nyere Beier ọkwa dị ka onye na-akpọ fonetik na Ibadan, Nigeria. Ọ bụ naanị onye nkuzi lụrụ di na nwunye nyere ọkwa ahụ, di na nwunye ahụ na-echeghị echiche banyere alụmdi na nwunye tupu onyinye ahụ kpebiri ịlụ di na nwunye na London wee kwaga Nigeria.<ref name=":5">{{Cite web|url=https://susannewengerfoundation.at/en/susanne-wenger-art-ritual|title=Susanne Wenger - "Art is Ritual"|date=2014-02-27|work=Susanne Wenger Foundation|language=en|accessdate=2019-08-15}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://susannewengerfoundation.at/en/susanne-wenger-art-ritual "Susanne Wenger - "Art is Ritual""]. ''Susanne Wenger Foundation''. 2014-02-27<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-08-15</span></span>.</cite></ref> Na Ibadan, kọleji ọhụrụ ahụ dị n'èzí obodo ahụ na ngalaba ndị Britain na-esikarị ụmụ akwụkwọ Afrịka ha na-akpakọrịta.<ref name=":4" /> Mmeghachi omume di na nwunye ahụ na ọnọdụ ọchịchị bụ isi Ibadan kwaga n'obodo Ede n'afọ sochirinụ. Na Naịjirịa, Wenger nabatara akụkụ nke nka na ọrụ aka nke Afrịka ma tinye aka na atụmatụ batik. N'ime otu afọ ọ bịarutere, ọ rịara ọrịa ụkwara nta kpatara, mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, ọ bịara bụrụ onye mmụọ ma tụgharịa gaa n'okpukpe Yoruba.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/7595841.stm|title=The white priestess of 'black magic'|date=2008-09-10|accessdate=2018-08-18|language=en-GB}}</ref> Ọ dọtara mmasị n'okpukpe ahụ mgbe ọ zutere Ajagemo, onye ụkọchukwu nke Obatala na Ede.<ref name=":1"/> Ajagemo webatara Wenger na echiche ụwa Yoruba, asụsụ na okpukpe, n'oge na-adịghị anya, ha abụọ ahụ mepụtara njikọ pụrụ iche.<ref name=":3">{{Cite journal|author=Laduke|first=Betty|date=1989|title=Susanne Wenger and Nigeria's Sacred Osun Grove|journal=Woman's Art Journal|volume=10|issue=1|pages=17–21|doi=10.2307/1358125|issn=0270-7993}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFLaduke1989">Laduke, Betty (1989). "Susanne Wenger and Nigeria's Sacred Osun Grove". ''Woman's Art Journal''. '''10''' (1): 17–21. [[Doi (njirimara)|doi]]:[[doi:10.2307/1358125|10.2307/1358125]]. [[ISSN (njirimara)|ISSN]]&nbsp;[//www.worldcat.org/issn/0270-7993 0270-7993]. [[JSTOR (njirimara)|JSTOR]]&nbsp;[//www.jstor.org/stable/1358125 1358125].</cite></ref> N'oge a, Wenger nwalere atụmatụ mara mma nke usoro Adire na-emetụta. Wenger na Beier mechara gbaa alụkwaghịm, Wenger mechara lụọ onye na-agba egwu Lasisi Ayansola Onilu, n'oge ahụ ọ na-eme onwe ya ka ọ bụrụ onye na-arụsi ọrụ ike na mmegharị nke okpukpe Orisha.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://pierre-guicheney.eklablog.com/susanne-wenger-un-portrait-p417306|title=Susanne Wenger, un portrait|work=pierre-guicheney.com|accessdate=2018-08-18}}</ref> Wenger hapụrụ Ede wee kwaga Ilobu, tupu o mechaa biri na Osogbo na 1961. Mgbe ọ na-ebi n'obodo ahụ, ọ malitere inwe mmasị n'ụlọ arụsị ndị a raara nye Orishas; o mechara wughachi ọtụtụ n'ime ihe osise okpukpe n'ime ebe nsọ ma nyekwa ya ọrụ site na Osogbo District Council iji rụzigharị ọtụtụ n'ime ụlọ arụsị obodo, ọkachasị ụlọ nsọ a raara nye chi nwanyị osimiri, Oshun.<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal|author=Omoruyi|first=David|date=September 1965|title=How I Fell in Love and Married Ace Drummer, Lasisi|journal=Spear : Nigeria's National Magazine.|language=en|issn=0038-6634}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFOmoruyi1965">Omoruyi, David (September 1965). "How I Fell in Love and Married Ace Drummer, Lasisi". ''Spear : Nigeria's National Magazine''. [[ISSN (njirimara)|ISSN]]&nbsp;[//www.worldcat.org/issn/0038-6634 0038-6634]. [[OCLC (njirimara)|OCLC]]&nbsp;[//www.worldcat.org/oclc/1645029 1645029].</cite></ref> A malitekwara Wenger n'okpukpe Obatala, Soponna, na Ogboni, ma mesịa nye ya aha Adunni Olorisha. Ọ bụ onye guzobere ụlọ akwụkwọ nka nke oge ochie "New Sacred Art", alaka nke ụlọ akwụkwọ Oshogbo sara mbara, wee bụrụ onye nlekọta nke Sacred Grove nke chi nwanyị Osun n'akụkụ Osimiri Osun na [[Osogbo|Oshogbo]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.sahistory.org.za/sites/default/files/DC/asapr60.18/asapr60.18.pdf|title=The art of Suzanne Wenger|author=Aragbabalu|first=Omidiji|date=18 August 2018}}</ref><ref name=":0"/><ref>{{Cite journal|author=Unknown|first=Unknown|date=13 June 2018|title=THE MEGA CITY / LIFESuzanne wenger's groove|url=https://newtelegraphonline.com/2018/06/suzanne-wengers-groove/|journal=New Telegraph}}</ref> [[Usòrò:Osun_Groove_6.jpg|thumb|Osun grove]] === Osun grove === Enwere ike ịchọta ọrụ ọkpụkpụ Wenger na Osun Grove, mpaghara dị n'akụkụ Osimiri Osun. Ntinye aka ya na osisi ahụ malitere na 1960s.<ref name=":3">{{Cite journal|author=Laduke|first=Betty|date=1989|title=Susanne Wenger and Nigeria's Sacred Osun Grove|journal=Woman's Art Journal|volume=10|issue=1|pages=17–21|doi=10.2307/1358125|issn=0270-7993}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFLaduke1989">Laduke, Betty (1989). "Susanne Wenger and Nigeria's Sacred Osun Grove". ''Woman's Art Journal''. '''10''' (1): 17–21. [[Doi (njirimara)|doi]]:[[doi:10.2307/1358125|10.2307/1358125]]. [[ISSN (njirimara)|ISSN]]&nbsp;[//www.worldcat.org/issn/0270-7993 0270-7993]. [[JSTOR (njirimara)|JSTOR]]&nbsp;[//www.jstor.org/stable/1358125 1358125].</cite></ref> N'elu òkù nke nnukwu onye nchụàjà nwanyị Osun nke nwere nsogbu site na ọdịmma azụmahịa na termites na-ebibi ụlọ nsọ, ihe ọkpụkpụ dị nsọ na ihe osise, Wenger jikọtara ya na Ngalaba Ọrụ Ọha na ọtụtụ ndị na-ese ihe n'ógbè ahụ iji kpochapụ termites ma mezie ihe osise na ụlọ dị n'ime ụlọ nsọ ahụ site na iji osisi na simenti.<ref name=":2">{{Cite journal|author=Ikegwu|first=Jacinta|date=2010|title=THE CONTRIBUTIONS OF SUSANA WENGER TO THE MANAGEMENT AND CONSERVATION OF OSUN-OSHOGBO SACRED GROVE/SHRINE IN NIGERIA.|journal=Nsukka Journal of the Humanities|volume=18|pages=1–12}}</ref> Ndụ na ọrụ Wenger na Osun Grove bụ isiokwu nke ''The Oshun Diaries'', ihe ncheta nke Diane Esguerra (Eye Books, 2019).<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://eye-books.com/books/the-high-priestess-of-oshun|title=The Oshun Diaries by Diane Esguerra &#124; Eye Books}}</ref> == Ndụ onwe onye == Chief Wenger bi n'ụlọ obibi dị okpukpu atọ na Osgobo nke di mbụ ya bụ Chief Ulli Beier gbazitere na mbụ mgbe ọ nọ na Institute of Mural Studies. N'afọ 1965, ya na di ya nke abụọ, onye na-agba egwu bụ Lasisi, nwere ụlọ ahụ: ha abụọ bi n'okpukpu mbụ ebe di ya gara aga bụ Beier bi n'okpukpu nke abụọ. Ọ gara n'ihu na mgbazinye mgbe Beier hapụrụ na 1970, ma nọrọ n'ụlọ ahụ mgbe ya na Lasisi gbara alụkwaghịm. Ebe obibi ya na-egosi nka ya, ebe ọtụtụ arịa ụlọ ahụ na-egosi akụkụ nke ụdị nka Yoruba nke Chief Wenger hụrụ n'anya nke ukwuu. == Ọnwụ == Na abalị iri na abụọ na ọnwa Jenụwarị, na afọ 2009, Wenger nwụrụ mgbe ọ dị afọ 93 na Oshogbo.<ref name="guardian">[https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2009/mar/26/obituary-suzanne-wenger Obituary], theguardian.com, 26 March 2009; accessed 2 April 2017.</ref> == Ihe nketa na nsọpụrụ == Ihe ọkpụkpụ ndị e debere na Oshun's grove site na ngwụsị afọ 1950 gaa n'ihu, ihe ọkpụkpụ nke ndị na-eso ụzọ ya na ndị na-ese ihe n'obodo ya mepụtara, bụ nke UNESCO World Heritage Site kemgbe 2005.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://whc.unesco.org/fr/list/1118/|title=Forêt sacrée d'Osun-Oshogbo|author=mondial|first=UNESCO Centre du patrimoine|work=whc.unesco.org|language=fr|accessdate=2018-08-18}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFmondial">mondial, UNESCO Centre du patrimoine. [https://whc.unesco.org/fr/list/1118/ "Forêt sacrée d'Osun-Oshogbo"]. ''whc.unesco.org'' (in French)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-08-18</span></span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)]]</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.africaresource.com/lifestyle/memorials/848-susan-wenger-the-white-priestess-of-an-african-goddess-passes-on|title=Susan Wenger, The White Priestess Of An African Goddess, Passes On!|author=Africa|work=www.africaresource.com|language=en-gb|accessdate=2018-08-18}}</ref> N'afọ 2005, gọọmentị Naịjirịa nabatara ya dị ka onye otu Order of the Federal Republic . Maka mbọ ya n'aha ndị Yoruba, eze, ma ọ bụ Ataoja, nke Oshogbo nyere ya aha onye isi nke obodo Osogbo. == Ihe ngosi == * 1995: Retrospective of the 80th Birthday, Minoritenkirche Stein an der Donau (n'èzí Old Town of Krems) * 2004: On a holy river in Africa, Kunsthalle Krems * 2006: Susanne Wenger - ndụ ya na chi nke Africa, Graz City Museum * 2016: Between the Sweet Water and the Swarm of Bees: A Collection of Works by Susanne Wenger, The Michael C. Carlos Museum at Emory University, Atlanta, GA == Ndetu == <references /> {{Reflist}}{{authority control}} [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] ekl91ub13ylq3bpvnr13n7u7zzpc64d 0 14097 644308 123435 2026-05-30T20:49:53Z Neme244 16387 added DEFAULTSORT 644308 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Emmanuel Eni''' AKA Blackman na usekwu Ndị Europe (amụrụ na Igbanke na Nigeria) bụ onye mba [[Naijiria]] nwere akwụkwọ onuno Germany na-ese ihe, onye na-akpụ ihe, onye na-ese ihe nkiri, onye na-ede uri na onye ọkà ihe ọmụma.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.newsghana.com.gh/emmanuel-eni-returns-renew-in-yusuf-grillo-gallery|title=Emmanuel Eni returns, renew in Yusuf Grillo Gallery {{!}} News Ghana}} </ref> Eni gụrụ nka na [[Igbobi College]] na Lagos, na Mahadum Polytechnic nke Auchi na Mahadum Benin. Na mba ụwa, Eni gosipụtara na Biennale d'art contemporain de Lyon, Biennale na Dakar (Dak'Art)[1] na n'otu aka na documenta 12 na Kassel. Ọ na-arụkwa ọrụ dị ka onye nkuzi na ụlọ ọrụ onwe na nke ọha. A na-ewere Eni dị ka otu n'ime ndị na-ese ihe n'oge a na Africa na ọdịda anyanwụ ụwa. The Guardian na-akọwa ọrụ ya dị ka Oru ngosiputa nke nha na-enweghị atụ. Ọ bụ onye mepụtara na onye nwe ikike nke New LightPaintings Art, onye ọkà ihe ọmụma nke edemede nke "contemporary barock art" - njikọ nke akụkụ niile nke nka. Ọ bụ onye edemede na onye na-eme ihe nkiri nke "nwoke ojii Na usekwu Ndị Europe ma a makwaara ya dị ka "onye na-ese enyí", na Nna nke enyi Otu puku. Ihe ọkpụkpụ a ma ama: Emmanuel Eni na-emepụta ihe ọkpụkpụ na ọla nchara na terracotta. N'oge na-adịbeghị anya, ọ lekwasịrị anya n'iji ihe eji emegharị emegharị na ihe eji eme ihe. Ọrụ a ma ama bụ “Enyi’. Maka onye a na-ese ihe, enyí na-anọchite anya nne nke anụmanụ niile na nnukwu anụ ala. Eni na-ekwu na n'ewezuga enyí, okike agaghịzi adị. Ihe ncheta a kpụrụ akpụ nwetara ọtụtụ nlebara anya ọha na eze n'ihi ọdịdị ya, nnukwu nha ya na ịdị arọ nke ton iri abuo na agba ya. A na-eji konkiri a manyere ọzọ mee ihe ọkpụkpụ ahụ. Enyí nke agba nke ụda ala, dị ka ọ pụtara site na ịsa apịtị. Mgbe ihe ngosi ahụ gasịrị, a ga-enyefe ihe ọkpụkpụ ahụ dị tọn iri abụọ n'aka ogige ihe ọkpụkpụ nke a ka ga-eguzobe. Ebe ọ bụ na e meghị nke a ma ọ nweghị ihe ọzọ a pụrụ ịchọta, Eni bibiri ihe ncheta ahụ n'ihu arụmọrụ ndụ nke mmadụ di puku ato . Dị ka nkwupụta gburugburu ebe obibi banyere ihe ize ndụ na iyi egwu nke ikpochapụ ọdịdị anụmanụ. Ntinye aka arụmọrụ ọ kpọrọ "Junking of the Elephant" gosiputara na onwa itoolu n' abali iri abuo n' ato n' afo 2006.[2]. == Ihe ngosi == "Olileanya nke Ịhụnanya" eserese na ihe ọkpụkpụ Germany "THE BOOM" ngosi nke ihe osise ọhụrụ na ihe ọkpụkpụ * "Brightness of the picture" - ihe ọkpụkpụ na eserese, Schwarzenbach an der Saale, Bavaria, Germany * "Haske Zanen" - ihe ọkpụkpụ, eserese na arụmọrụ na ìhè ọhụrụ, eserese, nka * Echiche pyramid Gallery [[Abuja]] / German Embassy Abuja Nigeria * "Art Merchant" - ihe ọkpụkpụ na eserese, National museum Lagos, Nigeria * Ọrụ nkuzi dị iche iche na ihe ọkpụkpụ, ntinye, arụmọrụ ọdịyo na akwụkwọ * "Leaf spirit totem" - ihe ọkpụkpụ dị mita 7 dị elu maka Syke, Bremen Germany (Wood, Terra Kota, Mirror glass, 2011) * "Blackman in European Kitchen", ICD Institute for cultural diplomacy, Berlin, Germany * "Ear as a long road" - poetic performance, Berlin, Poetry Festival Lyricline * "Mmekọrịta na ókèala" "Israel na Palestine" na "Ihe Ọmụma bụ ike" - SAVVY Contemporary, Berlin, Germany * Ihe ngosi / arụmọrụ Israel na Palestine "Schlachtfelder" - Agha ncheta nke agha afọ 250 - obodo Minden, Germany * "Black History month" - Africa reflection - sculptures and paintings, America Haus, Berlin, Germany * "2nd African Legends Performance" poetic musical dance performance, America Haus, Berlin, Germany * ARESUVA - Nzukọ mpaghara Afrịka maka nka ọhụụ, Abuja, Nigeria * Prọfesọ nleta mgbasa ozi ọhụrụ / arụmọrụ - Art University Berlin Weißensee. Kunsthochschule Berlin - Weißensee Berlin, Germany * Ntinye "Africanize" - Grassimuseum Grassi Museum, Saxony Ethnographic collection, Leipzig, Germany * Ntinye "Africanize" kunstbanken hamar Hamar, Norway * "Blackman in European Kitchen" - ntinye / arụmọrụ, Goethe-Institute, Lagos, Nigeria * "CharacterLAGOStika", Goethe-Institut Nigeria, Lagos, Nigeria * "Ọnwụ nke onye nlekọta" ntinye / arụmọrụ, documenta 12, Kassel, Germany * "CrossCulture" installation/performance - Goethe-Institut Senegal, Dakar, Senegal * Mbipụta "Ọnwụ nke onye nlekọta" ihe nkiri. E.N.I Publishers, Berlin * Group Show "Black Paris" African position on contemporary art of Diaspora. Paris France, Iwalewahaus, Bayreuth, Germany * "Blackman in European Kitchen" - arụmọrụ Iwalewahaus, Bayreuth, Germany * "Israel and Palestine" installation/performance Dak'Art 2006 Biennial of Contemporary African Art, Dakar, Senegal * "Junking of the Elephant" - mbibi nke ihe ncheta "Elephant" dị arọ 20 nke Steel Concrete - Tupu ndị na-ege ntị. Maka Ecology na ọdịdị * "Ọnwụ nke onye nlekọta" ntinye / arụmọrụ, Grassi museum Leipzig, Saxony Ethnographic collection, Germany<ref>{{Cite web|title=Museum für Völkerkunde zu Leipzig: Kunstinstallation Emmanuel Eni - "death of the curator"|url=https://grassi-voelkerkunde.skd.museum/ausstellungen/archiv/kunstinstallation-emmanuel-eni-death-of-the-curator/|accessdate=2018-08-20|language=de|archivedate=2018-07-07|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180707123340/https://grassi-voelkerkunde.skd.museum/ausstellungen/archiv/kunstinstallation-emmanuel-eni-death-of-the-curator/}}</ref> * Onye ọbịa prọfesọ ọkpụkpụ - rhode agwaetiti ụlọ akwụkwọ nke imewe (risd) (RISD), USA * Mbipụta "Masquaradeundressing" (poems, tales and stories), ndị na-ebipụta CPN, England * "Mmiri na-ere ọkụ" - ihe ngosi / ntinye na "Mmiri eji" na New Millennium Vienna, Austria * "History of love" - ihe ọkpụkpụ na eserese. Galerie im Prater, Berlin, Germany * Ime "Elephant" (20 ton monument for nature) und Ime "Leaf" (7 metres high monument for nature) steel concrete * "Àgwà nke ihe ndị dị ndụ", Archäologisches Museum Colombischlössle Archeology museum of Castle Colombi, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany * "Parts of Clay" - Centre Monroe for the Arts, Hoboken, New Jersey, USA * "Clear Walls" - Lisa Parker Fine Art New York, USA * "Parables" - National museum, Lagos, Nigeria * "Creation Story" - Albertus - Magnus - Haus, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany * Drawing School, [[University of Lagos]], Nigeria. [citation needed] == Akwụkwọ ọgụgụ == * Emmanuel Eni: ''Ọnwụ nke onye nlekọta''. Berlin 2007. * Emmanuel Eni: ''Elephants and new'' – light paintings (Ausstellung vom 19. Ọgọst bis 9. Oktober 2011, Galerie Schwartzsche Villa, Hrsg.: Bezirksamt Steglitz-Zehlendorf, Kulturamt. Projektmitarbeiter: Anja Braun, Stefan Martinkat) * Emmanuel Eni: ''The Art of Blackman in European Kitchen''. 2017. == Edemsibia == {{DEFAULTSORT:Eni, Emmanuel}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] jptezqekfaqb8cmrhbfcbeda7d4bp3s 0 14130 644267 515750 2026-05-30T20:08:09Z Sylvaline39 15355 fixed reference error 644267 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Usòrò:VahramManavian.jpg|thumb|300x300px|Little Shoe Polishers]] '''Vahram Manavian''' (A mụrụ ya naConstantinople, Ottoman [[Turkéy|Turkey]] 1880 - nwụrụ Cairo, Egypt 1952) bụ onye Ottoman na onye [[Egypt|Ijipt]] na-ese ihe nke agbụrụ Armenia.<ref name="Armenian painters in the Ottoman empire 1600-1923">{{Cite book|author=Kurkman|first=Garo|title=Armenian painters in the Ottoman empire 1600-1923|year=2004|publisher=Matüsalem Publications|location=İstanbul|isbn=9789759201555}}</ref><ref name="Peintres et sculpteurs arméniens, du 19eme siècle à nos jours">{{Cite book|author=Awetisian|first=Ōnnik|title=Peintres et sculpteurs arméniens, du 19eme siècle à nos jours|year=1960|publisher=Amis de la culture arménienne|language=French}} [[Otú:CS1 French-language sources (fr)]]</ref><ref>[http://omar-artcollection.com/bio/116 Omar Collection, Vahram Manavian]</ref> == Ndụ == A mụrụ Vahram Manavian na Istanbul, otu n'ime ụmụ isii nke onye edemede Dikran Manavian. Ọ malitere ịmụ nka site n'aka onye na-ese ihe bụ Simon Agopyan ma mesịa gụchaa akwụkwọ na ụlọ akwụkwọ Fine Arts.<ref name="Peintres et sculpteurs arméniens, du 19eme siècle à nos jours"/> Ọ gara Paris, [[France]] ebe ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ na Académie Julian .<ref name="bilal">{{Cite book|author=Ekmekçioğlu|first=Lerna|editor=Bilal|title=Bir adalet feryadı : Osmanlı'dan Türkiye'ye beş Ermeni feminist yazar, 1862 - 1933 ; [inceleme]|date=2006|publisher=Aras Yayıncılık|location=İstanbul|isbn=9757265845|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mmPaAAAAMAAJ|language=Turkish}}</ref> Ya na ezinụlọ ya kwagara Egypt n'afọ 1911 wee biri na Alexandria. Ọ ghọrọ onye nkuzi nka ma mesịa guzobe azụmahịa maka ego, yana ịrụ ọrụ dị ka onye na-ese foto. Ka ọ dịgodị, ọ nọgidere na-ese ihe. Ọ kwagara Cairo ma n'afọ 1934 meghere ihe ngosi nkwonkwo ya na onye na-ese ihe bụ Yervant Demirciyan. Emere ihe ngosi nke abụọ ya na Museum of Fine Arts n'afọ 1951. Ọ nwụrụ na Cairo. A ka na-egosipụta eserese ya n'ụwa niile.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Egyptian Armenian artist's exhibition in Cairo|url=http://www.azad-hye.net/news/viewnews.asp?newsId=636aafk99|accessdate=8 December 2012}}</ref> == Mbipụta == * Egyptian Humour, 1916 - Caricatures na katọn<ref>[http://www.worldcat.org/title/egyptian-humour-1916/oclc/894030942&referer=brief_results Worldcat]</ref> == Ebensidee == 7crnifmxn1nqzvhtb8faobljzzt9oc8 0 14231 644307 176263 2026-05-30T20:48:39Z Neme244 16387 added DEFAULTSORT 644307 wikitext text/x-wiki   {{Databox}} '''Emmanuel Chinenye Emenike''' (a mụrụ n'ụbọchị nke 10 n'ọnwa Mee n'afọ 1987) bụ onye Naijiria bụbu [[Footbọl|onye egwuregwu bọọlụ]]. Ọ gbara bọọlụ na klọb Westerlo nke Belgium n'oge na-etebeghị aka. == Ọrụ klọb == === Delta Force F.C. === Emenike malitere njem egwuregwu epeleọkpa ya na Delta Force. O kpughere na o ji ụkwụ gaa ọzụzụ na azụ, n'agbanyeghị na ọ nwere ike iwe otu awa na ọkara. O kwuru na a naghị akwụ ya ụgwọ dịka ọ na-egwuri egwu na klọb ahụ mgbe ọ na-abụghị ọkachamara ma nọ na ngalaba dị ala, a jụkwara klọb ahụ ego site n'aka gọọmentị Delta Steeti. === Mpumalanga Black Aces === Mgbe e mesịrị na ọrụ ya, ọ ga-enweta ụgwọ ọrụ mbụ ya mgbe ọ kwagara South Africa.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.sports.ru/football/142428733.html|publisher=Sports Russia|language=ru|date=4 August 2012|accessdate=17 November 2012}}</ref> Ọ gafere na ndị otu Mpumalanga Black Aces nke [[South Africa|South African]] National First Division n'onwa jenụwarị afọ 2008 wee bido na epeleọkpa megide Dynamos FC na 17 Febụwarị N'afọ 2008. O nyere ọkpụ goolu mbụ ya na ndị otu ahụ na mbido ya mana Black Aces meriri egwuregwu ahụ 4–2.<ref name="fanatik">{{Cite web|url=http://www.fanatik.com.tr/2013/11/10/spartak-emenikeyi-unuttu-bile-4-2-342255|title=Spartak Emenike'yi unuttu bile: 4-2|author=fanatik|work=Fanatik|language=tr|accessdate=28 March 2018}}</ref> Ọ bụ onye otu Black Aces nke meriri Mamelodi Sundowns na Nedbank Cup ikpeazụ. === F.C. Cape Town === N'ọnwa Mee afọ 2008, ọ sonyeere ndị otu First Division FC Cape Town . === Karabükspor === N'afọ 2009, Emenike bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta otu afọ na Karabükspor.<ref name="loan">{{Cite web|url=http://www.bolunet.com/haber/yaziyorum/karabukun-golcusu-emenike|title=BoluNet / Bolu Haberleri|author=yavuzbayar@hotmail.com|first=Yavuz BAYAR // 2016 // boluhosting.com //|work=www.bolunet.com|language=en|accessdate=28 March 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170320141048/http://www.bolunet.com/haber/yaziyorum/karabukun-golcusu-emenike|archivedate=20 March 2017}}</ref> Emenike mere nke mbụ ya na egwuregwu mmeghe nke 1.Oge Lig na 23 Ọgọstụ N'afọ 2009 n'ọkpụ 3-3 megide Samsunspor . Ọ ga-enye goolu mbụ ya na 11 Ọktoba, megide Kartal. Emenike nwetara akara mbụ ya nke ọrụ Turkish ya na mmeri 6–1 megide Mersin İdmanyurdu ma nweta okpu ọzọ na 14 Febụwarị N'afọ 2010 na mmeri 4–2 megide Kayseri Erciyesspor . Ọ gara n'ihu nye goolu iri na isii na otu.Lig, na-eduga klọb ahụ na aha na nkwalite na-akpaghị aka.<ref name="soccerway.com">{{Cite web|url=https://int.soccerway.com/players/emmanuel-emenike/91362/|title=Nigeria - E. Emenike - Profile with news, career statistics and history - Soccerway|work=int.soccerway.com|language=en|accessdate=28 March 2018}}</ref> Emenike meriri na ihe nrite 1.Lig Best Foreign Player na njedebe nke afọ 2009–10 oge, na nwekwara nkwekọrịta ya gbakwunyere afọ atọ maka 300.000 €.<ref name="loan"/> Emenike sụnyere goolu na Süper Lig mbụ ya, na-enyere Karabükspor aka imeri Manisaspor 2-1.<ref name="manisagoal">[http://www.tff.org/Default.aspx?pageId=528&macId=86904 KARDEMİR D.Ç. ]</ref> N'abalị iri abụọ na asatọ n'ọnwa Nọvemba n'afọ 2010, o nyere goolu mbụ ya na Süper Lig na mmeri 3-0 megide Bucaspor . O mechara nye goolu iri na anọ na oge mbụ ya na Süper Lig .<ref name="soccerway.com"/> N'ọnwa Mee afọ 2011, ọ malitere ikpe megide akwụkwọ akụkọ 'Haber Turk' maka ihe ndị ọrụ Emenike kọwara dị ka "na-eduhie eduhie" na "ihe ọjọọ" na-ekwu na afọ Emenike dị afọ asaa dị iche na ihe e gosipụtara na paspọtụ ya.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Emenike sues Turkish paper|url=http://www.kickoff.com/news/21606/emmanuel-emenike-sues-turkish-newspaper-haber-turk.php|publisher=Kickoff.com|date=7 May 2011|accessdate=17 November 2012}}</ref> === Fenerbahçe === Na 25 Mee N'afọ 2011, Emenike sonyeere Fenerbahçe maka ego a na-akọwaghị, nke a kwenyere na ọ dị ihe dị ka nde euro 9.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.fenerbahce.org/eng/detay.asp?ContentID=2591|title=Emenike joins Fenerbahce!|publisher=fenerbahce.org|accessdate=26 May 2011}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://int.soccerway.com/players/emmanuel-emenike/91362/|title=Emmanuel Emenike!|publisher=soccerway.com|accessdate=22 January 2013}}</ref> === Spartak Moscow === [[Usòrò:Эменике.jpg|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|216x216px|Emenike na uwe Spartak Moscow, 2012]] N'abalị iri abụọ na asatọ n'ọnwa Julaị afọ 2011, e rere ya na Spartak Moscow maka nde euro €10 n'ihi ebubo nhazi egwuregwu ahụ, nke ụlọ ikpe ahụ mechara kwenyela, nke metụtara Fenerbahce na Emenike.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/turkce/haberler-turkiye-57357341|title=BBC|work=www.bbc.gov.tr|accessdate=15 May 2022}}</ref><ref name="kap.gov.tr">{{Cite web|url=http://kap.gov.tr/yay/Bildirim/Bildirim.aspx?id=162557|title=KAP|work=kap.gov.tr|accessdate=28 March 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.kap.gov.tr/yay/Bildirim/Bildirim.aspx?id=162557|title=KAP|work=www.kap.gov.tr|accessdate=28 March 2018}}</ref> Emenike apụtabeghị na asọmpi asọmpi maka Fenerbahçe. Emenike mere nke mbụ ya na egwuregwu mmeghe nke oge ahụ na-abịa dịka onye nnọchi anya Ari na nkeji nke 76, megide Anzhi Makhachkala na 14 August 2011. Emenike mere Europa League nke mbụ ya na ọkpụ 2–2 megide Legia Warsaw nke Poland na ụkwụ mbụ nke nzere. Emenike nyere goolu mbụ ya maka klọb ahụ site na 2–2 megide CSKA Moscow .<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.championat.com/football/_russiapl/288/match/131638.html|title=Спартак – ЦСКА 2 : 2 2011-08-28 текстовая онлайн трансляция - Футбол. Россия - Премьер-Лига|work=www.championat.com|accessdate=28 March 2018|archivedate=2011-07-30|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110730081854/http://www.championat.com/football/_russiapl/288/match/131638.html}}</ref> N'abalị iri abụọ na itoolu n'ọnwa Ọktọba afọ 2011, Emenike nyere goolu mbụ ya na mmeri 3-0 megide Lokomotiv Moscow na egwuregwu ọzọ mgbe Spartak gbara Lokomotiv, ọ ga-agba goolu ugboro abụọ. Na ngwụsị nke oge, e gburu ụ Emenike iwu ihe dịka US $ 17,000 maka mmegharị iwe mgbe ndị na-akwado Dynamo Moscow, bụ ndị metọrọ ya agbụrụ n'oge egwuregwu n'etiti Spartak na Dynamo, nke Spartak meriri 3–1 ma o nyere goolu. Vladimir Vasilyev, onye ọrụ kọmitii na-ahụ maka ụkpụrụ omume nke Russian FA, kọwara ụgwọ ahụ, na-ekwu na ọ bụ "ntaramahụhụ zuru oke".<ref>{{Cite news|title=Spartak Moscow's Emenike fined despite racist abuse|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/17572890|publisher=BBC Sport|date=31 March 2012|accessdate=17 November 2012}}</ref> ==== Loan to Al Ain ==== Na 11 Julaị N'afọ 2015, Emenike bịanyere aka na Al Ain na mgbazinye ego ogologo oge.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/33493126|title=UAE club Al Ain complete loan signing of Emmanuel Emenike|date=11 July 2015|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=28 March 2018|language=en-GB}}</ref> Na 13 Jenụwarị N'afọ 2016, mgbe ọ nọrọ ọnwa isii na klọb ahụ, Emenike laghachiri Fenerbahçe mgbe klọb ahụ kwụsịrị ịgbazinye ego ya. ==== Iwega West Ham United ==== Na 31 Jenụwarị 2016, Emenike bịanyere aka na West Ham United na mgbazinye ego ruo na njedebe nke oge ahụ na nhọrọ iji mee ka ọ bụrụ nke na-adịgide adịgide.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/35456479|title=Emmanuel Emenike: West Ham sign Fenerbahce striker on loan|date=2016|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=28 March 2018|language=en-GB}}</ref> N'ụbọchị nke isii n'ọnwa Febụwarị, Emenike mere nke mbụ ya dịkaa onye nnọchi anya nkeji iri asaa na atọ dochie Michail Antonio na mmeri 1–0 na Southampton.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/35452708|title=Southampton 1-0 West Ham United|date=6 February 2016|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=28 March 2018|language=en-GB}}</ref> N'abalị iri abụọ na otu n'ọnwa Febụwarị, Emenike nyere goolu na mmeri 5–1 megide Blackburn Rovers na FA Cup, ihe mgbaru ọsọ mbụ ya na naanị ya maka klọb ahụ.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/35572201|title=Blackburn Rovers 1-5 West Ham United|date=21 February 2016|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=28 March 2018|language=en-GB}}</ref> == Ọrụ mba ụwa == [[Usòrò:Iran_and_Nigeria_match_at_the_FIFA_World_Cup_2014-06-12_10.jpg|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|Emenike (''n'aka nri'') na-agbara [[Nigeria national football team|Naịjirịa]] bọọlụ megide Iran na 2014 FIFA World Cup]] A kpọrọ Emenike na otu egwuregwu bọọlụ ala Naịjirịa maka egwuregwu enyi na enyi megide Sierra Leone.<ref name="firstcallup">[https://web.archive.org/web/20180131023459/http://www.kickoff.com/news/19690/shola-ameobi-victor-moses-get-nigeria-call.php SHOLA AMEOBI VICTOR MOSES GET NIGERIA CALL] kickoff.com , accessed 14 January 2011</ref> A kpọrọ ya na ndị otu egwuregwu iri abụọ na atọ nke Naịjirịa maka iko mba Afrịka.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/20970786|title=Nations Cup 2013: Nigeria pick six locally-based players|author=Oluwashina Okeleji|date=10 January 2013|accessdate=10 January 2013|publisher=BBC Sport}}</ref> N'abalị iri abụọ na otu n'ọnwa Jenụwarị afọ 2013, o nyere goolu n'egwuregwu AFCON nke Naịjirịa megide Burkina Faso na 1-1. O nyekwara goolu mbụ na nkeji iri na ise nke ikpeazụ n'etiti Naịjirịa na Côte d'Ivoire nke Naịjirịa meriri 2–1. N'ụbọchị nke atọ n'ọnwa Febụwarị, Emenike nyere goolu n'efu nke dị mita iri atọ nke nyere mba ya mmeri 2–1 megide Côte d'Ivoire na iko mba Afrịka. N'afọ 2013, ọ ghọrọ akụkụ nke ndị otu Naịjirịa nke atọ meriri iko mba Afrịka - mmeri mbụ Naịjirịa kemgbe afọ 1994. Ihe mgbaru ọsọ anọ ya gosipụtara na ọ dị oke mkpa maka ọganihu Naịjirịa site na asọmpi ahụ, a kpọkwara ya na ndị otu nke African Cup of Nations Team of the Tournament.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Mikel, Moses, Emenike, Pitroipa named in CAF Team of Tournament|url=http://premiumtimesng.com/sports/119745-mikel-moses-emenike-pitroipa-named-in-caf-team-of-tournament.html|publisher=[[Premium Times]] Nigeria|date=11 February 2013|accessdate=8 August 2013}}</ref> Otú ọ dị, Emenike esoghị na nke ikpeazụ, n'ihi mmerụ ahụ n'apata ụkwụ.<ref>{{Cite news|title=African Cup of Nations: Nigeria face nervous wait on struggling frontmen|url=http://www.thenational.ae/sport/football/african-cup-of-nations-nigeria-face-nervous-wait-on-struggling-frontmen|publisher=The National|date=10 February 2013|accessdate=8 August 2013}}</ref> O nwetakwara Pepsi Tournament Top Scorer, na goolu anọ, ya na Wakaso Mubarak nke Ghana.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Orange CAF Africa Cup of Nations Awards|url=http://www.afcon2013online.com/index.php/component/content/article/44-news/711-orange-caf-africa-cup-of-nations-awards|publisher=African Cup of Nations Official Website|date=10 February 2013|accessdate=8 August 2013}}</ref> == Ọnụ ọgụgụ ọrụ == === Klọb === {{Updated|18 August 2018}}<ref>{{cite web|title=Emmanuel Emenike|url=https://int.soccerway.com/players/emmanuel-emenike/91362/|website=Soccerway|access-date=9 July 2017}}</ref><ref name="greek superleauge official site">{{cite web|title=Emmanuel Emenike|url=http://www.superleaguegreece.net/el/teams/team/olympiacos-fc-530/2017-2018-superleague-70/players/emmanouel-emenike-2929|website=superleaguegreece.net|access-date=20 August 2017}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" ! rowspan="2" |Klọb ! rowspan="2" |Oge ! colspan="3" |Njikọ ! colspan="2" |Iko ! colspan="2" |Iko Njikọ ! colspan="2" |Continental ! colspan="2" |Ndị ọzọ ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta |- !Nkewa !Ngwaọrụ !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ !Ngwaọrụ !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ !Ngwaọrụ !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ !Ngwaọrụ !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ !Ngwaọrụ !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ !Ngwaọrụ !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ |- | rowspan="3" |Karabükspor |2009–10 | rowspan="2" |Süper Lig |28 |16 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |28 |16 |- |2010–11 |23 |14 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |23 |14 |- ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta !51 !30 !0 !0 !0 !0 !0 !0 !0 !0 !51 !30 |- | rowspan="4" |Spartak Moscow |2011–12 | rowspan="3" |Njikọ Premier nke Russia |22 |13 |0 |0 |0 |0 |2 |0 |0 |0 |24 |13 |- |2012–13 |16 |5 |1 |0 |0 |0 |6 |3 |0 |0 |23 |8 |- |2013–14 |4 |3 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |4 |3 |- ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta !42 !21 !1 !0 !0 !0 !8 !3 !0 !0 !51 !24 |- | rowspan="4" |Fenerbahçe |2013–14 | rowspan="3" |Süper Lig |28 |12 |1 |0 |0 |0 |2 |0 |0 |0 |31 |12 |- |2014–15 |27 |4 |7 |1 |0 |0 |0 |0 |1 |0 |35 |5 |- |2016–17 |16 |4 |1 |0 |0 |0 |10 |4 |0 |0 |27 |8 |- ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta !71 !20 !9 !1 !0 !0 !12 !4 !1 !0 !93 !25 |- | rowspan="2" |Al Ain (loan) |2015–16 |Njikọ ndị ọkachamara nke Saudi |11 |7 |0 |0 |3 |0 |0 |0 |1 |0 |15 |7 |- ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta !11 !7 !0 !0 !3 !0 !0 !0 !1 !0 !15 !7 |- | rowspan="2" |West Ham United (loan) |2015–16 |Premier League |13 |0 |3 |2 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |16 |2 |- ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta !13 !0 !3 !2 !0 !0 !0 !0 !0 !0 !16 !2 |- | rowspan="2" |Olympiacos |2017–18 |Superleague Gris |5 |0 |2 |3 |0 |0 |3 |1 |0 |0 |10 |4 |- ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta !5 !0 !2 !3 !0 !0 !3 !1 !0 !0 !10 !4 |- ! colspan="3" |Ngụkọta ọrụ !193 !78 !15 !6 !3 !0 !23 !8 !2 !0 !236 !92 |} === Ihe ọkpụ goolu nke mba ụwa === : ''Akara na nsonaazụ na-edepụta ihe mgbaru ọsọ Naịjirịa na mbụ''<ref name="NFT">{{Cite web|url=http://www.national-football-teams.com/player/41937/Emmanuel_Emenike.html|title=Emenike, Emmanuel|publisher=National Football Teams|accessdate=10 May 2017}}</ref>. {| class="wikitable" style="font-size:85%;" !Mba !Ụbọchị !Ebe !Onye mmegide !Akara !Nsonaazụ !Asọmpi |- |1. |1 June 2011 |National Stadium, [[Abuja]], Nigeria | Argentina | align="center" |4–0 | align="center" |4–1 |Enyi |- |2. |21 Jenụwarị 2013 |Mbombela Stadium, Nelspruit, South Africa | Burkina Faso | align="center" |1–0 | align="center" |1–1 |2013 Africa Cup of Nations |- |3. |25 Jenụwarị 2013 |Mbombela Stadium, Nelspuit, South Africa | Zambia | align="center" |1–0 | align="center" |1–1 |2013 Africa Cup of Nations |- |4. |3 Febụwarị 2013 |Royal Bafokeng Stadium, Phokeng, South Africa | Ivory Coast | align="center" |1–0 | align="center" |2–1 |2013 Africa Cup of Nations |- |5. |6 Febụwarị 2013 |Moses Mabhida Stadium, Durban, South Africa | Mali | align="center" |3–0 | align="center" |4–1 |2013 Africa Cup of Nations |- |6. |7 Septemba 2013 |U.J. Esuene Stadium, [[Calabar]], Nigeria | Malawi | align="center" |1–0 | align="center" |2–0 |2014 FIFA World Cup qualification |- |7. |10 Septemba 2013 |Ahmadu Bello Stadium, [[Kaduna]], Nigeria | Burkina Faso | align="center" |4–0 | align="center" |4–1 |Enyi |- |8. | rowspan="2" |13 Ọktoba 2013 | rowspan="2" |Addis Ababa Stadium, [[Addis Ababa]], [[Ethiopia]] | rowspan="2" | Ethiopia | align="center" |1–1 | rowspan="2" style="text-align:center" |2–1 | rowspan="2" |2014 FIFA World Cup qualification |- |9. | align="center" |2–1 |} == Nsọpụrụ == {{col-begin}} {{col-2}} ===Club=== ;Karabükspor * [[TFF First League]]: [[2009–10 TFF First League|2009–10]] ;Fenerbahçe * [[Süper Lig]]: [[2013–14 Süper Lig|2013–14]] * [[Turkish Super Cup]]: [[2014 Turkish Super Cup|2014]] {{col-2}} ===International=== ;Nigeria * [[Africa Cup of Nations]] (1): [[2013 Africa Cup of Nations|2013]] ===Individual=== * [[TFF First League]] Best Foreign Player: [[2009–10 TFF First League|2009–10]] * [[Africa Cup of Nations]] Top goalscorer: [[2013 Africa Cup of Nations|2013]] {{col-end}} == Ndụ onwe onye == Emenike lụrụ onye bụbu onye mmeri Most Beautiful Girl in Nigeria bụ [[Iheoma Nnadi]] n'afọ 2016.<ref name="Emenike Marriage">{{Cite news|title=Emmanuel Emenike welcomes second child as ex-Super Eagles striker shares photo|url=https://www.legit.ng/1311111-emmanuel-emenike-welcomes-second-child-eagles-striker-shares-photo.html|publisher=[[Legit.ng]]|date=13 March 2020|accessdate=29 March 2019|language=En}}</ref> Di na nwunye a nabatara nwa mbụ ha n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ afọ 2017.<ref name="Emenike Marriage" /> Ha mụrụ nwa nke abụọ na 13 Machị 2020.<ref name="Emenike Marriage" /><ref name="Emenike 2nd child">{{Cite news|title=Nigerian Striker Emmanuel Emenike And Wife Welcome Their Second Child|url=https://www.ghgossip.com/nigerian-striker-emmanuel-emenike-and-wife-welcome-their-second-child/|publisher=ghgossip.com|date=13 March 2020|accessdate=29 March 2019|language=Tr}}</ref> Emenike bụ nwa nwanne nna onye mba US na onye na-agba bọọlụ West Bromwich Albion bụ Daryl Dike . == Edemsibịa == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * Emmanuel Emenike at Soccerbase * Emmanuel Emenike at National-Football-Teams.com * Emmanuel Emenike at ESPN FC {{DEFAULTSORT:Emenike, Emmanuel}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] ekg8cj18dtcezrqtpuk2gc1pjmqttqv 0 14563 644151 632042 2026-05-30T17:45:25Z Goodymeraj 16207 644151 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Elizabeth Habte Wold''' (a mụrụ n'afọ 1963) bụ onye Ethiopia na-ese ihe nke a maara maka ọrụ mgbasa ozi ya. O nwetara nzere na nka na School of Fine Arts na [[Addis Ababa]] na Baltimore City Community College na [[Mérílạnd|Maryland]], na MFA site na Mahadum Howard . O nwere mmasị na mgbasa ozi dijitalụ site na mmemme asambodo na mmekọrịta multimedia na imewe weebụ na Mahadum George Washington . Ọ rụrụ ọrụ kemgbe etiti afọ 1990 dị ka onye na-emepụta multimedia, ma biri na Addis Ababa.<ref name="Erasen">[http://elizabethwoldstudio.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/Elizabeth-H-Wold.pdf Catalogue for Wold's work in the “Erasen Be Ras” exhibition] Modern Art Museum, [[Gebre Kristos Desta Center]], Addis Ababa University, 2017</ref> A kọwara ọrụ ya n'ihe ngosi nke afọ 2003: "Wold's small collages, made from torn newspapers and magazines, ponder the fragmented lives of displaced people, both [in the U.S.] and in Ethiopia."<ref>{{Cite news|author=Lewis|first=Jo Ann|date=2003-05-11|title=Homing In on Their Culture|language=en-US|work=Washington Post|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/style/2003/05/11/homing-in-on-their-culture/4b826179-ddc6-4521-915e-70138d0d42f2/|accessdate=2022-03-19}}</ref> E tinyere ọrụ ndị a na ihe ngosi otu akpọrọ "Ethiopian Passages: Dialogues in the Diaspora" na Smithsonian's National Museum of African Art.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://africa.si.edu/exhibits/passages/wold.html|title=Ethiopian Passages: Dialogues in the Diaspora|author=|first=|date=2002|work=Smithsonian National Museum of African Art|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141016033235/http://africa.si.edu/exhibits/passages/wold.html|archivedate=2014-10-16|accessdate=}}</ref> E gosipụtala ọrụ ya dị iche iche na National Museum of Ethiopia na Gebre Kristos Desta Center.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://elizabethwoldstudio.com/about-the-artist/|title=Artist’s Bio|author=|first=|date=|work=Elizabeth Wold Studio|archiveurl=|archivedate=|accessdate=}}</ref> Ọrụ Wold na nso nso a na-agụnye ihe nkiri kọmputa mgbe ụfọdụ.<ref name="Erasen"/> == Ebensidee == <references /> == Njikọ mpụga == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20070609185103/http://africa.si.edu/exhibits/passages/wold.html Ihe osise akụkọ ndụ, National Museum of African Art, Washington D.C.] {{DEFAULTSORT:Wold, Elizabeth Hapte}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 0ugbs1vsyy8n0gqvdpcqpm5w64sksqn 644547 644151 2026-05-31T06:42:46Z King ChristLike 13051 fixed typo 644547 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Elizabeth Habte Wold''' (a mụrụ n'afọ 1963) bụ onye Ethiopia na-ese ihe nke a maara maka ọrụ mgbasa ozi ya. O nwetara nzere na nka na School of Fine Arts na [[Addis Ababa]] na Baltimore City Community College na [[Mérílạnd|Maryland]], na MFA site na Mahadum Howard . O nwere mmasị na mgbasa ozi dijitalụ site na mmemme asambodo na mmekọrịta multimedia na imewe weebụ na Mahadum George Washington . Ọ rụrụ ọrụ kemgbe etiti afọ 1990 dị ka onye na-emepụta multimedia, ma biri na Addis Ababa.<ref name="Erasen">[http://elizabethwoldstudio.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/Elizabeth-H-Wold.pdf Catalogue for Wold's work in the “Erasen Be Ras” exhibition] Modern Art Museum, [[Gebre Kristos Desta Center]], Addis Ababa University, 2017</ref> A kọwara ọrụ ya n'ihe ngosi nke afọ 2003: "Wold's small collages, made from torn newspapers and magazines, ponder the fragmented lives of displaced people, both [in the U.S.] and in Ethiopia."<ref>{{Cite news|author=Lewis|first=Jo Ann|date=2003-05-11|title=Homing In on Their Culture|language=en-US|work=Washington Post|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/style/2003/05/11/homing-in-on-their-culture/4b826179-ddc6-4521-915e-70138d0d42f2/|accessdate=2022-03-19}}</ref> E tinyere ọrụ ndị a na ihe ngosi otu akpọrọ "Ethiopian Passages: Dialogues in the Diaspora" na Smithsonian's National Museum of African Art.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://africa.si.edu/exhibits/passages/wold.html|title=Ethiopian Passages: Dialogues in the Diaspora|author=|first=|date=2002|work=Smithsonian National Museum of African Art|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141016033235/http://africa.si.edu/exhibits/passages/wold.html|archivedate=2014-10-16|accessdate=}}</ref> E gosipụtala ọrụ ya dị iche iche na National Museum of Ethiopia na Gebre Kristos Desta Center.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://elizabethwoldstudio.com/about-the-artist/|title=Artist’s Bio|author=|first=|date=|work=Elizabeth Wold Studio|archiveurl=|archivedate=|accessdate=}}</ref> Ọrụ Wold na nso nso a na-agụnye ihe nkiri kọmputa mgbe ụfọdụ.<ref name="Erasen"/> == Ebensidee == <references /> == Njikọ mpụga == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20070609185103/http://africa.si.edu/exhibits/passages/wold.html Ihe osise akụkọ ndụ, National Museum of African Art, Washington D.C.] {{DEFAULTSORT:Wold, Elizabeth Habte}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 56501gdjx57g6h7z8fn7lkuza4mgov4 0 14639 644350 126100 2026-05-30T21:51:43Z Sayvhior 13464 Fixed reference errors 644350 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Usòrò:Vanessa Williams homezfoo.jpg|thumb|Vanessa Williams]] '''Vanessa Lynn Williams'''<ref name="Vanessa">{{Cite web|url=http://www.biography.com/people/vanessa-williams-9542151|title=Vanessa Williams Biography|accessdate=September 15, 2015|publisher=biography.com}}</ref> (amụrụ na Machị 18, n'afo 1963) bụ onye America na-agụ egwu, onye na-eme ihe nkiri, na onye na-emepụta ejiji. O nwetara nkwanye ùgwù na mbụ dị ka nwanyị Afrịka-Amerịka mbụ natara aha Miss America mgbe e chiri ya Miss America 1984 na 1983. Otú ọ dị, mkparị bilitere n'afọ sochirinụ mgbe, izu ole na ole tupu njedebe nke ọchịchị ya, ọ matara na magazin ''Penthouse'' ga-ebipụta foto ya gba ọtọ na mbipụta na-abịanụ. N'etiti esemokwu mgbasa ozi na-arịwanye elu, ọ gbara arụkwaghịm dị ka Miss America na July, 1984 n'okpuru nrụgide sitere na Miss America Organization, ma dochie ya site na onye mbụ na-esote Miss New Jersey, Suzette Charles. Afọ iri atọ na abụọ ka e mesịrị, Miss America CEO Sam Haskell rịọrọ ya mgbaghara n'ihu ọha, n'oge asọmupi Miss America 2016, maka ihe omume nke 1984. Williams laghachiri site na mkparị ahụ site na ọrụ na-aga nke ọma dị ka onye na-agụ egwu na onye na-eme ihe nkiri. N'afọ 1988, o wepụtara abọm izizi ya bụ The Right Stuff, nke egwu ya nwere ''ihe'' ịga nke ọma tupu "Dreamin' eruo n'ọkwa nke asatọ na chaatị <nowiki><i id="mwIQ">Billboard</i></nowiki> Hot 100 na United States n'afọ 1989. Site na abọm studio ya nke abụọ na nke atọ, The Comfort Zone (1991) na The Sweetest Days (1994), ọ hụrụ ọganihu azụmahịa ma nata ọtụtụ nhọpụta Grammy Award; nke a gụnyere egwu ya nke mbụ (na mbido 1992) na abụ ntinye aka, "Save the Best for Last", nke ọ rụrụ na mmemme Grammy Awards nke 1993. Abọm studio ya ndị ọzọ gụnyere ịhụnanya dị ebe (2005) na The Real Thing (2009). Dị ka onye na-eme ihe nkiri, Williams nwere ihe ịga nke ọma na ogbo na ihuenyo. O mere Broadway mbụ ya na afo 1994 na ''Kiss of the Spider Woman'' . N'afọ 2002, ọ pụtara dị ka The Witch na mmegharị nke Stephen Sondheim's Into the Woods nke mere ka ọ nweta Tony Award for Best Actress in a Musical nomination. Ọ gara n'ihu ịpụta n'elu ikpo okwu na egwu dịka ''Sondheim na Sondheim'' na 2010 na After Midnight na 2013. N'oge na-adịbeghị anya, ọ pụtara na mmegharị nke Horton Foote's The Trip to Bountiful megide Cecily Tyson na afo 2013, na nchịkọta ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị POTUS: Or, Behind Every Great Dumbass Are Seven Women Trying to Keep Him Alive na afo 2022. A makwara ya ama maka ngosipụta ya na telivishọn, ebe ọrụ ya a maara nke ọma bụ Wilhelmina Slater na ''Ugly Betty'' (2006–2010), nke a họpụtara ya ugboro atọ maka Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Comedy Series; na Renee Perry na Desperate Housewives (2010–2012). A mụrụ Vanessa Lynn Williams na Bronx, New York City ma zụlite ya na Millwood, New York. na ọkwa ọmụmụ nke na-agụ: "Here she is: Miss America."<ref name="Vanessa"/><ref name="focus">{{Cite web|url=https://abcnews.go.com/GMA/video/vanessa-williams-faith-10585404|title=Vanessa Williams on Her Faith|accessdate=May 6, 2016|date=2010|publisher=ABC News}}</ref><ref name="birthann">{{Cite web|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/tvandradio/11863479/Miss-America-apologises-to-Vanessa-Williams-Ugly-Betty-star.html|archiveurl=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220111/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/tvandradio/11863479/Miss-America-apologises-to-Vanessa-Williams-Ugly-Betty-star.html|archivedate=January 11, 2022|title=Miss America apologises to Vanessa Williams, Ugly Betty star|accessdate=September 15, 2015|author=Telegraph Reporters|date=September 14, 2015|publisher=The Daily Telegraph}}</ref> Nnukwu nna nna nna bụ William A. Feilds, onye omebe iwu Africa-American na Tennessee House of Representatives.<ref name="tn-bio">{{Cite web|url=http://www.tn.gov/tsla/exhibits/blackhistory/feilds.htm|title=African American Legislators in 19th Century Tennessee: William Alexander Feilds|accessdate=September 19, 2015|publisher=State of Tennessee|archivedate=July 24, 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150724020301/http://www.tn.gov/tsla/exhibits/blackhistory/feilds.htm}}</ref><ref name="wdytya">{{Cite web|url=https://www.tvguide.com/tvshows/who-do-you-think-you-are/episode-1-season-2/vanessa-williams/296860/|title=Who Do You Think You Are?: Season 2, Episode 1, Vanessa Williams (February, 2011)|accessdate=December 5, 2015|date=February 4, 2011|publisher=[[Who Do You Think You Are? (U.S. TV series)#Season 2 (2011)|Who Do You Think You Are?]]}}</ref> Nne ya bụ Helen Tinch zutere nna ya bụ Milton Augustine Williams Jr. (N'afọ 1935 rụọ n'afọ 2006) mgbe ha abụọ bụ ụmụ akwụkwọ mmụta egwu na Fredonia State Teachers College na ngwụsị afọ 1950.<ref name="helen">{{Cite web|url=http://www.observertoday.com/page/content.detail/id/552660/Helen-Tinch-Williams--mother-of-Vanessa-Williams--to-be-honored-by-SUNY-Fredonia.html?nav=5007|title=Helen Tinch Williams, mother of Vanessa Williams, to be honored by SUNY Fredonia|accessdate=December 5, 2015|date=November 10, 2010|publisher=[[Observer (Dunkirk)]]}}</ref> Ha abụọ ghọrọ ndị nkụzi egwu ụlọ akwụkwọ elementrị mgbe ha lụsịrị, ọ bụ ezie na ọnọdụ nkuzi ha dị na mpaghara dị iche iche.<ref name="helen" /> Milton rụkwara ọrụ dị ka osote onye isi ụlọ akwụkwọ ya ruo ogologo oge.<ref name="fatherob">{{Cite web|url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9C01E3D6103FF93AA15752C0A9609C8B63|title=An Appreciation; Remembering Milton Williams, A Mentor to Music Students|accessdate=December 5, 2015|author=Wise|first=Brian|date=January 29, 2006|work=The New York Times}}</ref> A zụlitere Williams na Katọlik, okpukpe nke nna ya. Nne ya, onye a zụlitere Baptist, ghọrọ onye Katọlik mgbe ọ lụrụ di. E mere Williams baptizim na Our Lady of Grace Church na Bronx. Nne ya na-akpọ ụbọ akwara na St. Theresa's Church na Briarcliff Manor maka agbamakwụkwọ na Missa, Williams na-enyere nne ya aka site na ịtụgharị peeji nke egwu.<ref name="focus"/> Williams and na nwanne ya nwoke nke ntakịrị Chris (who would later become an actor) toro na Westchester County, a predominantly white middle- to upper-class suburb of New York City.<ref name="birthann"/> Williams kwere na ọnwere ike ibu onye nwa akwụkwọ African- America izizi si grade nke mbu rụọ grade nke iri na abụọ na Chappaqua Central School District.<ref name="wdytya"/> Nwa nke ndị nkụzi egwu, Williams tolitere n'ezinụlọ egwu, na-amụ egwu oge ochie na jazz, mpi French, piano, na violin.<ref name="Vanessa"/><ref name="focus"/> E nyere ya Presidential Scholarship maka Drama ịga Mahadum Carnegie Mellon n'oge akwụkwọ kọleji, (otu n'ime ụmụ akwụkwọ iri na abụọ natara ya) mana o kpebiri kama ịga Mahadum Syracuse<ref name="Vanessa" /> na agụmakwụkwọ dị iche.<ref name="Vanessabillboard">{{Cite web|url=https://www.billboard.com/artist/1496610/vanessa-williams/biography|title=Vanessa Williams Biography|accessdate=September 15, 2015|publisher=billboard.com|archivedate=September 29, 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150929142733/http://www.billboard.com/artist/1496610/vanessa-williams/biography}}</ref> N'ihi ya, na 1981, Williams sonyeere Syracuse's College of Visual and Performing Arts, Department of Drama dị ka onye isi ihe nkiri egwu.<ref name="Vanessabillboard" /><ref name="syrconv" /> Ọ nọrọ na Syracuse ruo afọ nke abụọ ya ruo mgbe e chiri ya Miss America n'afo 1984 na Septemba n'afo 1983.<ref name="syrconv">{{Cite web|url=http://www.syr.edu/news/articles/2008/vpa-vanessa-williams-05-08.html|title=Vanessa Williams to deliver 2008 convocation address for College of Visual and Performing Arts, receive BFA degree|accessdate=September 15, 2015|author=Blust|first=Erica|date=May 5, 2008|publisher=[[Syracuse University]]|archivedate=September 26, 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150926012218/http://syr.edu/news/articles/2008/vpa-vanessa-williams-05-08.html}}</ref> Na Mee n'afo 2008, Syracuse nyere Williams nzere bachelọ nke Fine Arts.<ref name="syrconhuff">{{Cite web|url=https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2008/05/06/vanessa-williams-to-gradu_n_100365.html|title=Vanessa Williams To Graduate From College This Weekend|accessdate=September 15, 2015|date=May 14, 2008|publisher=Huffington Post}}</ref> Dị ka ''Syracuse News'' si kwuo, "Williams nwetara akara ugo mmụta fọdụrụnụ maka nzere ya site na ahụmịhe ụlọ ọrụ na nnukwu arụmọrụ ya na ogbo na ihuenyo. "<ref name="syrconv"/> Williams nyekwara okwu nzukọ nke afọ 2008, na-agwa ndị agadi Syracuse ka ha "na-echekwa oge a. Ụbọchị ndị a enweghị ndoyachiazu ma bụrụ mmalite nke ndụ gị niile.<ref name="syrconvsspeech">{{Cite web|url=http://www.syracuse.com/news/index.ssf/2008/05/vanessa_williams_receives_degr.html|title=Vanessa Williams gets Syracuse University degree|accessdate=September 15, 2015|author=Johnson|first=Melinda|date=May 10, 2008|publisher=syracuse.com}}</ref> A na-ahụkarị Williams n'ihu ọha dị ka "Vanessa Williams". Otú ọ dị, enwere mgbagwoju anya mgbe ụfọdụ na onye na-eme ihe nkiri aha ya bụ Vanessa E. Williams. A kọrọ na Vanessa L. matara Vanessa E. na oge 1980s mgbe onye na-edebanye aha ya na Mahadum New York gwara ya na nwa akwụkwọ ọzọ, onye merela agadi nke nwere otu aha na otu steeti ahụ etinyela akwụkwọ.<ref name="tvguide">{{Cite web|url=http://www1.myway.com/home/entertainment/celeb/tvguide_inthenews/0,13970,09_02_2003_1_-2,00.html|title=Vanessa Williams: Boomtown's New Bombshell!|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071211234405/http://www1.myway.com/home/entertainment/celeb/tvguide_inthenews/0,13970,09_02_2003_1_-2,00.html|archivedate=December 11, 2007|work=[[TV Guide]]|date=September 2, 2003}}</ref> Mgbe Williams pụtara dị ka Miss America na Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade, Vanessa E. natara ego ya na mberede maka mpụta ahụ, nke ọ laghachiri.<ref name="canoe">Hobson, Louis B. (August 16, 1998), [https://web.archive.org/web/20150629151846/http://jam.canoe.com/Movies/Artists/W/Williams_Vanessa/1998/08/16/pf-762671.html "Vanessa dancing up a storm"], Canoe.ca</ref> Na mpaghara ime ihe nkiri, ha abụọ bayere na esemokwu aha mgbe iwu Screen Actors Guild machibidoro ịkpọ aha ọkwa. Vanessa E. debanyere aha "Vanessa Williams" na mbụ, ya mere dị ka nkwekọrịta, a na-akpọ Williams "Vanessa L. Williams" mgbe ụfọdụ na ihe nkiri. Iji mee ka mgbagwoju anya ahụ dịkwuo njọ, ndị na-eme ihe nkiri abụọ ahụ pụtara na nsụgharị nke ihe nkiri Soul Food (Williams na nsụgharị ihe nkiri, na Vanessa E. na usoro TV ya). The Screen Actors Guild mechara were okwu ahụ gaa na mkpezi ma kpebie na ndị na-eme ihe nkiri abụọ ahụ nwere ike iji aha ọkachamara "Vanessa Williams".<ref name="tvguide"/> Williams bụ [[Ndị Afụrịka ǹkè Amerịka|onye Afrịka]] mbụ natara aha Miss America mgbe e chiri ya Miss America 1984 na Septemba 1983. Otú ọ dị, ọtụtụ izu tupu njedebe nke ọchịchị ya, ihe mkparị bilitere mgbe magazin ''Penthouse'' zụtara ma bipụta foto ya gba ọtọ n'enweghị ikike. A manyere Williams ka ọ hapụ aha ya ma onye nke mbụ nọchiri ya, Miss New Jersey 1983, Suzette Charles . Afọ iri atọ na abụọ ka e mesịrị na Septemba n'afọ 2015, mgbe Williams jere ozi dị ka onye isi ikpe maka asọmpi Miss America 2016, onye bụbu Miss America CEO Sam Haskell rịọrọ ya mgbaghara n'ihu ọha maka ihe omume nke 1984.<ref name="vmcrowned">{{Cite news|url=http://www.nydailynews.com/entertainment/african-american-usa-crowned-1983-article-1.2353418|title=Vanessa Williams is crowned the first African-American Miss America in 1983|accessdate=September 14, 2015|author=Singleton|first=Don|date=September 18, 1983|work=[[New York (New York)|Daily News]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=A New York Debut|url=http://www.people.com/people/vanessa_williams/biography/0,,,00.html|work=[[People (magazine)|People]]|accessdate=February 23, 2013}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=A Look Black: Vanessa Williams Crowned Miss America In 1983|url=https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/09/17/vanessa-williams-miss-america-anniversary_n_1891516.html|date=September 17, 2012|first=Julee|author=Wilson|work=[[The Huffington Post]]|accessdate=February 23, 2013}}</ref><ref name="nytapol">{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/09/15/arts/television/vanessa-williams-returns-to-miss-america-and-receives-an-apology.html|title=Vanessa Williams Returns to Miss America and Receives an Apology|accessdate=September 14, 2015|author=Rogers|first=Katie|date=September 14, 2015|work=The New York Times}}</ref> Williams bu ụzọ nweta nkwanye ùgwù ọha na eze maka ikike egwu ya mgbe o meriri akụkụ mbụ nke asọmpi Miss America na ntụgharị ya nke "Happy Days Are Here Again" (Williams ga-emesị bụrụ Miss America 1984).<ref name="vmcrowned"/> Afọ anọ ka e mesịrị na 1988, Williams wepụtara abọm izizi ya, The Right Stuff .<ref name="Vanessa"/> Egwu mbụ, "The Right Stuff", nwetara ihe ịga nke ọma na chaatị R&B, ebe egwu nke abụọ, "He's Got the Look", nwetara ihe ịga nke ọma yiri nke ahụ n'otu chaatị ahụ. Egwu nke atọ, "Dreamin', bụ egwu pop, na-aghọ egwu iri mbụ nke Williams na ''Billboard'' Hot 100, nke ruru na No. 8, na egwu mbụ ya na chaatị Hot R&B / Hip-Hop Songs. Abọm ahụ ruru ọkwa platinum na United States ma mee ka ọ nweta NAACP Image Award na nhọpụta Grammy Award atọ, gụnyere otu maka Best New Artist.<ref name="Vanessa" /> [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] ejinujil02rmzghr0gl4d6kjsx0etyu 644352 644350 2026-05-30T21:52:26Z Sayvhior 13464 644352 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Usòrò:Vanessa Williams homezfoo.jpg|thumb|Vanessa Williams]] '''Vanessa Lynn Williams'''<ref name="Vanessa">{{Cite web|url=http://www.biography.com/people/vanessa-williams-9542151|title=Vanessa Williams Biography|accessdate=September 15, 2015|publisher=biography.com}}</ref> (amụrụ na Machị 18, n'afo 1963) bụ onye America na-agụ egwu, onye na-eme ihe nkiri, na onye na-emepụta ejiji. O nwetara nkwanye ùgwù na mbụ dị ka nwanyị Afrịka-Amerịka mbụ natara aha Miss America mgbe e chiri ya Miss America 1984 na 1983. Otú ọ dị, mkparị bilitere n'afọ sochirinụ mgbe, izu ole na ole tupu njedebe nke ọchịchị ya, ọ matara na magazin ''Penthouse'' ga-ebipụta foto ya gba ọtọ na mbipụta na-abịanụ. N'etiti esemokwu mgbasa ozi na-arịwanye elu, ọ gbara arụkwaghịm dị ka Miss America na July, 1984 n'okpuru nrụgide sitere na Miss America Organization, ma dochie ya site na onye mbụ na-esote Miss New Jersey, Suzette Charles. Afọ iri atọ na abụọ ka e mesịrị, Miss America CEO Sam Haskell rịọrọ ya mgbaghara n'ihu ọha, n'oge asọmupi Miss America 2016, maka ihe omume nke 1984. Williams laghachiri site na mkparị ahụ site na ọrụ na-aga nke ọma dị ka onye na-agụ egwu na onye na-eme ihe nkiri. N'afọ 1988, o wepụtara abọm izizi ya bụ The Right Stuff, nke egwu ya nwere ''ihe'' ịga nke ọma tupu "Dreamin' eruo n'ọkwa nke asatọ na chaatị <nowiki><i id="mwIQ">Billboard</i></nowiki> Hot 100 na United States n'afọ 1989. Site na abọm studio ya nke abụọ na nke atọ, The Comfort Zone (1991) na The Sweetest Days (1994), ọ hụrụ ọganihu azụmahịa ma nata ọtụtụ nhọpụta Grammy Award; nke a gụnyere egwu ya nke mbụ (na mbido 1992) na abụ ntinye aka, "Save the Best for Last", nke ọ rụrụ na mmemme Grammy Awards nke 1993. Abọm studio ya ndị ọzọ gụnyere ịhụnanya dị ebe (2005) na The Real Thing (2009). Dị ka onye na-eme ihe nkiri, Williams nwere ihe ịga nke ọma na ogbo na ihuenyo. O mere Broadway mbụ ya na afo 1994 na ''Kiss of the Spider Woman'' . N'afọ 2002, ọ pụtara dị ka The Witch na mmegharị nke Stephen Sondheim's Into the Woods nke mere ka ọ nweta Tony Award for Best Actress in a Musical nomination. Ọ gara n'ihu ịpụta n'elu ikpo okwu na egwu dịka ''Sondheim na Sondheim'' na 2010 na After Midnight na 2013. N'oge na-adịbeghị anya, ọ pụtara na mmegharị nke Horton Foote's The Trip to Bountiful megide Cecily Tyson na afo 2013, na nchịkọta ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị POTUS: Or, Behind Every Great Dumbass Are Seven Women Trying to Keep Him Alive na afo 2022. A makwara ya ama maka ngosipụta ya na telivishọn, ebe ọrụ ya a maara nke ọma bụ Wilhelmina Slater na ''Ugly Betty'' (2006–2010), nke a họpụtara ya ugboro atọ maka Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Comedy Series; na Renee Perry na Desperate Housewives (2010–2012). A mụrụ Vanessa Lynn Williams na Bronx, New York City ma zụlite ya na Millwood, New York. na ọkwa ọmụmụ nke na-agụ: "Here she is: Miss America."<ref name="Vanessa"/><ref name="focus">{{Cite web|url=https://abcnews.go.com/GMA/video/vanessa-williams-faith-10585404|title=Vanessa Williams on Her Faith|accessdate=May 6, 2016|date=2010|publisher=ABC News}}</ref><ref name="birthann">{{Cite web|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/tvandradio/11863479/Miss-America-apologises-to-Vanessa-Williams-Ugly-Betty-star.html|archiveurl=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220111/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/tvandradio/11863479/Miss-America-apologises-to-Vanessa-Williams-Ugly-Betty-star.html|archivedate=January 11, 2022|title=Miss America apologises to Vanessa Williams, Ugly Betty star|accessdate=September 15, 2015|author=Telegraph Reporters|date=September 14, 2015|publisher=The Daily Telegraph}}</ref> Nnukwu nna nna nna bụ William A. Feilds, onye omebe iwu Africa-American na Tennessee House of Representatives.<ref name="tn-bio">{{Cite web|url=http://www.tn.gov/tsla/exhibits/blackhistory/feilds.htm|title=African American Legislators in 19th Century Tennessee: William Alexander Feilds|accessdate=September 19, 2015|publisher=State of Tennessee|archivedate=July 24, 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150724020301/http://www.tn.gov/tsla/exhibits/blackhistory/feilds.htm}}</ref><ref name="wdytya">{{Cite web|url=https://www.tvguide.com/tvshows/who-do-you-think-you-are/episode-1-season-2/vanessa-williams/296860/|title=Who Do You Think You Are?: Season 2, Episode 1, Vanessa Williams (February, 2011)|accessdate=December 5, 2015|date=February 4, 2011|publisher=[[Who Do You Think You Are? (U.S. TV series)#Season 2 (2011)|Who Do You Think You Are?]]}}</ref> Nne ya bụ Helen Tinch zutere nna ya bụ Milton Augustine Williams Jr. (N'afọ 1935 rụọ n'afọ 2006) mgbe ha abụọ bụ ụmụ akwụkwọ mmụta egwu na Fredonia State Teachers College na ngwụsị afọ 1950.<ref name="helen">{{Cite web|url=http://www.observertoday.com/page/content.detail/id/552660/Helen-Tinch-Williams--mother-of-Vanessa-Williams--to-be-honored-by-SUNY-Fredonia.html?nav=5007|title=Helen Tinch Williams, mother of Vanessa Williams, to be honored by SUNY Fredonia|accessdate=December 5, 2015|date=November 10, 2010|publisher=[[Observer (Dunkirk)]]}}</ref> Ha abụọ ghọrọ ndị nkụzi egwu ụlọ akwụkwọ elementrị mgbe ha lụsịrị, ọ bụ ezie na ọnọdụ nkuzi ha dị na mpaghara dị iche iche.<ref name="helen" /> Milton rụkwara ọrụ dị ka osote onye isi ụlọ akwụkwọ ya ruo ogologo oge.<ref name="fatherob">{{Cite web|url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9C01E3D6103FF93AA15752C0A9609C8B63|title=An Appreciation; Remembering Milton Williams, A Mentor to Music Students|accessdate=December 5, 2015|author=Wise|first=Brian|date=January 29, 2006|work=The New York Times}}</ref> A zụlitere Williams na Katọlik, okpukpe nke nna ya. Nne ya, onye a zụlitere Baptist, ghọrọ onye Katọlik mgbe ọ lụrụ di. E mere Williams baptizim na Our Lady of Grace Church na Bronx. Nne ya na-akpọ ụbọ akwara na St. Theresa's Church na Briarcliff Manor maka agbamakwụkwọ na Missa, Williams na-enyere nne ya aka site na ịtụgharị peeji nke egwu.<ref name="focus"/> Williams and na nwanne ya nwoke nke ntakịrị Chris (who would later become an actor) toro na Westchester County, a predominantly white middle- to upper-class suburb of New York City.<ref name="birthann"/> Williams kwere na ọnwere ike ibu onye nwa akwụkwọ African- America izizi si grade nke mbu rụọ grade nke iri na abụọ na Chappaqua Central School District.<ref name="wdytya"/> Nwa nke ndị nkụzi egwu, Williams tolitere n'ezinụlọ egwu, na-amụ egwu oge ochie na jazz, mpi French, piano, na violin.<ref name="Vanessa"/><ref name="focus"/> E nyere ya Presidential Scholarship maka Drama ịga Mahadum Carnegie Mellon n'oge akwụkwọ kọleji, (otu n'ime ụmụ akwụkwọ iri na abụọ natara ya) mana o kpebiri kama ịga Mahadum Syracuse<ref name="Vanessa" /> na agụmakwụkwọ dị iche.<ref name="Vanessabillboard">{{Cite web|url=https://www.billboard.com/artist/1496610/vanessa-williams/biography|title=Vanessa Williams Biography|accessdate=September 15, 2015|publisher=billboard.com|archivedate=September 29, 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150929142733/http://www.billboard.com/artist/1496610/vanessa-williams/biography}}</ref> N'ihi ya, na 1981, Williams sonyeere Syracuse's College of Visual and Performing Arts, Department of Drama dị ka onye isi ihe nkiri egwu.<ref name="Vanessabillboard" /><ref name="syrconv" /> Ọ nọrọ na Syracuse ruo afọ nke abụọ ya ruo mgbe e chiri ya Miss America n'afo 1984 na Septemba n'afo 1983.<ref name="syrconv">{{Cite web|url=http://www.syr.edu/news/articles/2008/vpa-vanessa-williams-05-08.html|title=Vanessa Williams to deliver 2008 convocation address for College of Visual and Performing Arts, receive BFA degree|accessdate=September 15, 2015|author=Blust|first=Erica|date=May 5, 2008|publisher=[[Syracuse University]]|archivedate=September 26, 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150926012218/http://syr.edu/news/articles/2008/vpa-vanessa-williams-05-08.html}}</ref> Na Mee n'afo 2008, Syracuse nyere Williams nzere bachelọ nke Fine Arts.<ref name="syrconhuff">{{Cite web|url=https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2008/05/06/vanessa-williams-to-gradu_n_100365.html|title=Vanessa Williams To Graduate From College This Weekend|accessdate=September 15, 2015|date=May 14, 2008|publisher=Huffington Post}}</ref> Dị ka ''Syracuse News'' si kwuo, "Williams nwetara akara ugo mmụta fọdụrụnụ maka nzere ya site na ahụmịhe ụlọ ọrụ na nnukwu arụmọrụ ya na ogbo na ihuenyo. "<ref name="syrconv"/> Williams nyekwara okwu nzukọ nke afọ 2008, na-agwa ndị agadi Syracuse ka ha "na-echekwa oge a. Ụbọchị ndị a enweghị ndoyachiazu ma bụrụ mmalite nke ndụ gị niile.<ref name="syrconvsspeech">{{Cite web|url=http://www.syracuse.com/news/index.ssf/2008/05/vanessa_williams_receives_degr.html|title=Vanessa Williams gets Syracuse University degree|accessdate=September 15, 2015|author=Johnson|first=Melinda|date=May 10, 2008|publisher=syracuse.com}}</ref> A na-ahụkarị Williams n'ihu ọha dị ka "Vanessa Williams". Otú ọ dị, enwere mgbagwoju anya mgbe ụfọdụ na onye na-eme ihe nkiri aha ya bụ Vanessa E. Williams. A kọrọ na Vanessa L. matara Vanessa E. na oge 1980s mgbe onye na-edebanye aha ya na Mahadum New York gwara ya na nwa akwụkwọ ọzọ, onye merela agadi nke nwere otu aha na otu steeti ahụ etinyela akwụkwọ.<ref name="tvguide">{{Cite web|url=http://www1.myway.com/home/entertainment/celeb/tvguide_inthenews/0,13970,09_02_2003_1_-2,00.html|title=Vanessa Williams: Boomtown's New Bombshell!|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071211234405/http://www1.myway.com/home/entertainment/celeb/tvguide_inthenews/0,13970,09_02_2003_1_-2,00.html|archivedate=December 11, 2007|work=[[TV Guide]]|date=September 2, 2003}}</ref> Mgbe Williams pụtara dị ka Miss America na Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade, Vanessa E. natara ego ya na mberede maka mpụta ahụ, nke ọ laghachiri.<ref name="canoe">Hobson, Louis B. (August 16, 1998), [https://web.archive.org/web/20150629151846/http://jam.canoe.com/Movies/Artists/W/Williams_Vanessa/1998/08/16/pf-762671.html "Vanessa dancing up a storm"], Canoe.ca</ref> Na mpaghara ime ihe nkiri, ha abụọ bayere na esemokwu aha mgbe iwu Screen Actors Guild machibidoro ịkpọ aha ọkwa. Vanessa E. debanyere aha "Vanessa Williams" na mbụ, ya mere dị ka nkwekọrịta, a na-akpọ Williams "Vanessa L. Williams" mgbe ụfọdụ na ihe nkiri. Iji mee ka mgbagwoju anya ahụ dịkwuo njọ, ndị na-eme ihe nkiri abụọ ahụ pụtara na nsụgharị nke ihe nkiri Soul Food (Williams na nsụgharị ihe nkiri, na Vanessa E. na usoro TV ya). The Screen Actors Guild mechara were okwu ahụ gaa na mkpezi ma kpebie na ndị na-eme ihe nkiri abụọ ahụ nwere ike iji aha ọkachamara "Vanessa Williams".<ref name="tvguide"/> Williams bụ [[Ndị Afụrịka ǹkè Amerịka|onye Afrịka]] mbụ natara aha Miss America mgbe e chiri ya Miss America 1984 na Septemba 1983. Otú ọ dị, ọtụtụ izu tupu njedebe nke ọchịchị ya, ihe mkparị bilitere mgbe magazin ''Penthouse'' zụtara ma bipụta foto ya gba ọtọ n'enweghị ikike. A manyere Williams ka ọ hapụ aha ya ma onye nke mbụ nọchiri ya, Miss New Jersey 1983, Suzette Charles . Afọ iri atọ na abụọ ka e mesịrị na Septemba n'afọ 2015, mgbe Williams jere ozi dị ka onye isi ikpe maka asọmpi Miss America 2016, onye bụbu Miss America CEO Sam Haskell rịọrọ ya mgbaghara n'ihu ọha maka ihe omume nke 1984.<ref name="vmcrowned">{{Cite news|url=http://www.nydailynews.com/entertainment/african-american-usa-crowned-1983-article-1.2353418|title=Vanessa Williams is crowned the first African-American Miss America in 1983|accessdate=September 14, 2015|author=Singleton|first=Don|date=September 18, 1983|work=[[New York (New York)|Daily News]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=A New York Debut|url=http://www.people.com/people/vanessa_williams/biography/0,,,00.html|work=[[People (magazine)|People]]|accessdate=February 23, 2013}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=A Look Black: Vanessa Williams Crowned Miss America In 1983|url=https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/09/17/vanessa-williams-miss-america-anniversary_n_1891516.html|date=September 17, 2012|first=Julee|author=Wilson|work=[[The Huffington Post]]|accessdate=February 23, 2013}}</ref><ref name="nytapol">{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/09/15/arts/television/vanessa-williams-returns-to-miss-america-and-receives-an-apology.html|title=Vanessa Williams Returns to Miss America and Receives an Apology|accessdate=September 14, 2015|author=Rogers|first=Katie|date=September 14, 2015|work=The New York Times}}</ref> Williams bu ụzọ nweta nkwanye ùgwù ọha na eze maka ikike egwu ya mgbe o meriri akụkụ mbụ nke asọmpi Miss America na ntụgharị ya nke "Happy Days Are Here Again" (Williams ga-emesị bụrụ Miss America 1984).<ref name="vmcrowned"/> Afọ anọ ka e mesịrị na 1988, Williams wepụtara abọm izizi ya, The Right Stuff .<ref name="Vanessa"/> Egwu mbụ, "The Right Stuff", nwetara ihe ịga nke ọma na chaatị R&B, ebe egwu nke abụọ, "He's Got the Look", nwetara ihe ịga nke ọma yiri nke ahụ n'otu chaatị ahụ. Egwu nke atọ, "Dreamin', bụ egwu pop, na-aghọ egwu iri mbụ nke Williams na ''Billboard'' Hot 100, nke ruru na No. 8, na egwu mbụ ya na chaatị Hot R&B / Hip-Hop Songs. Abọm ahụ ruru ọkwa platinum na United States ma mee ka ọ nweta NAACP Image Award na nhọpụta Grammy Award atọ, gụnyere otu maka Best New Artist.<ref name="Vanessa" /> ==Edensibia== {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] a02tkpxjpmzovt09j5a7hp0sywo4ugu 0 14683 644275 197977 2026-05-30T20:16:39Z Neme244 16387 added DEFAULTSORT 644275 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=Emmanuel Bortey Borketey|image=Emmanuel Bortey Borketey.jpg|caption=|birth_name=|birth_date={{birth date and age|1980|06|23|df=yes}}|birth_place=[[Teshie]], [[Greater Accra Region]], Ghana|nationality=[[Ghanaian]]|education=[[Nungua Senior High School]]|alma_mater=|occupation=Businessman|organization=Charger Limited|parents=Emmanuel Borketey Borteifio<br>Salomay Kuorkor Djanie|relations=|spouse=Doris Borketey|children=5}} [[Category:Articles with hCards]] '''Emmanuel Bortey Borketey''' (amụrụ na June 23 1980) bụ onye ọchụnta ego na Ghana .nawazi onye na-enyere ndị mmadụ aka.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2022-02-13|title=Happy Man Bitters boss fulfills pledge to Upper East Music Awards|url=https://citinewsroom.com/2022/02/happy-man-bitters-boss-fulfills-pledge-to-upper-east-music-awards/|accessdate=2022-03-11|work=Citinewsroom - Comprehensive News in Ghana|language=en-US}}</ref> Ọ bụ onye nwe na onye isi nke Charger Limited, ndị na-emepụta Happy Man Beverages, na Charger Transport.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-06-23|title=AMV Celebrates Charger Limited CEO, Dr. Borketey Bortey @40|url=https://atinkaonline.com/amv-celebrates-charger-limited-ceo-dr-borketey-bortey-40/|accessdate=2022-03-11|work=Atinka Online|language=en-US}}</ref> == Mmalite ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ == Aha nne na na Emmanuel bu Emmanuel borketey borteifio na Kwa salomay kurkor .Djanie na Teshie na Greater Accra Region nke [[Ghana]]. Ọ gara ụlọ akwụkwọ ndị a maka agumakwukwo mbu ya: Lincoln International School, Nungua AMA 1, na Belfort International School. Ọ gara Nungua Senior High School maka agụmakwụkwọ sekọndrị ya. Emmanuel Borketey bụ onye nwe. nakwa onye isi nke Charger Limited, ndị na-emepụta Happy Man Beverages na ụlọ ọrụ njem Charger Transport. Charger Limited bụ ndị mepụtara ihe ọṅụṅụ Happy Man Bitters, Onaapo Atadwe Ginger, Happy Man Ginger Liqueur, Charger Hand Sanitizer, Happy Man Face Mask na Charger Transport.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Agyeman|first=Adwoa|date=2019-11-24|title=Chamber of Commerce honors Happy Man Bitters|url=https://www.adomonline.com/chamber-of-commerce-honors-happy-man-bitters/|accessdate=2022-03-11|work=Adomonline.com|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Happy Man Bitters Grabs 3 Top Awards|url=https://www.modernghana.com/news/969526/happy-man-bitters-grabs-3-top-awards.html|accessdate=2022-03-11|work=Modern Ghana|language=en}}</ref> * Ọ bụkwa onye ọrụ ebere na Kwa Onye na enyere ndị MMA DU aka .nke Onye nyegoro ndị mmadụ onyinye na mpaghara dị iche iche nke Ghana.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2022-02-13|title=Happy Man Bitters boss fulfils pledge in organising awards ceremonies - MyJoyOnline.com|url=https://www.myjoyonline.com/happy-man-bitters-boss-fulfils-pledge-in-organising-awards-ceremonies/|accessdate=2022-03-11|work=www.myjoyonline.com|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Happy Man Bitters boss redeems pledge to beauty queens, Artiste of the Year|url=https://www.graphic.com.gh/entertainment/showbiz-news/happy-man-bitters-boss-redeems-pledge-to-beauty-queens-artiste-of-the-year.html|accessdate=2022-03-11|work=Graphic Online|language=en-gb}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Ghanaian businessman Dr. Bortey cushions Hearts of Oak with GHS10,000 donation|url=https://www.modernghana.com/sports/1111814/ghanaian-businessman-dr-bortey-cushions-hearts.html|accessdate=2022-03-11|work=Modern Ghana|language=en}}</ref> * A họpụtara ya maka Africa Global Trade and Investment Excellence Awards 2021 site n'aka The Business Executive Limited .<ref>{{Cite web|title=Africa Global Trade and Investment Excellence Awards 2021|url=https://harmattangh.com/dr-emmanuel-bortey-borketey-in-dubai-for-agtie-awards-2021/|work=harmattangh.com|accessdate=20 March 2022}}</ref> == Ndụ onwe onye == Emmanuel Bortey Borketey lụrụ Doris Bortey, ha muru ụmụ ise.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-11-25|title=Daughter of 'Happy Man' marks first milestone with 4 orphanages|url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/Daughter-of-Happy-Man-marks-first-milestone-with-3-orphanages-1409941|accessdate=2022-03-11|work=GhanaWeb|language=en|archivedate=2021-11-26|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211126082548/https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/Daughter-of-Happy-Man-marks-first-milestone-with-3-orphanages-1409941}}</ref> == Njikọ mpụga == * Emmanuel Bortey Borketey na Instagram = Ndetu = {{DEFAULTSORT:Borketey, Emmanuel Bortey}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] jgvwbyek56neigutv90nzqncc06g6ts 0 14686 644357 135673 2026-05-30T21:57:28Z Wikipedian12512 61424 ce 644357 wikitext text/x-wiki    {{Databox}} '''Mahi Binebine''' bụ onye Morocco na-ese ihe na onye na-ede akwụkwọ akụkọ. A mụrụ ya na Marrakech na 1959. Binebine edeela akwụkwọ akụkọ isii nke a sụgharịrị n'asụsụ dị iche iche.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Mahi Binebine|url=https://www.stella-gallery.com/artist/mahi-binebine/|work=Stella Gallery|accessdate=June 14, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Mahi Binebine|url=https://www.pwf.cz/archivy/autori/mahi-binebine/en/|work=Prague Writers' Festival|accessdate=June 14, 2020|date=2014}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Mahi Binebine [ Morocco ]|url=https://www.literaturfestival.com/autoren-en/autoren-2009-en/mahi-binebine|work=Internationales Literaturfestival Berlin|accessdate=June 14, 2020}}</ref> == Ọrụ == A mụrụ ya na 1959 na Marrakech. Mahi Binebine kwagara na Paris na 1980 iji gaa n'ihu na ọmụmụ ya na mgbakọ na mwepụ, nke ọ kụziri ruo afọ asatọ. O tinyeziri onwe ya n'ide ihe na eserese. O dere ọtụtụ akwụkwọ akụkọ, nke a sụgharịrị n'asụsụ iri na abụọ. Ọ kwagara New York site na 1994 ruo 1999. Ihe osise ya bụ akụkụ nke nchịkọta na-adịgide adịgide na Guggenheim Museum na New York. Ọ laghachiri Marrakech na 2002 ebe ọ bi ma na-arụ ọrụ ugbu a. Na "Mamaya's Last Journey" onye edemede ahụ na-esite na ihe omume sitere na akụkọ ezinụlọ ya. Nwanne ya nwoke bụ Aziz bụ otu n'ime ndị isi na-eto eto sonyere na atụmatụ iwepu Eze Hassan nke Abụọ n'ike na 1971. Atụmatụ a dara mba. Ruo afọ iri na asatọ, a tụrụ ya mkpọrọ n'ogige ọzara nke Tazmamart, n'okpuru ọnọdụ nke obi ọjọọ a na-apụghị ichetụ n'echiche na nke a na-apụghị ịkọwa akọwa. N'ime ndị mkpọrọ iri ise na isii, naanị ọkara lanarịrị; n'etiti ha, Aziz Binebine. Onye edemede Mahi Binebine bụ Tahar Ben Jelloun weere akụkọ a dị ka ihe ndabere maka akwụkwọ akụkọ ya bụ This Blinding Absence of Light . Welcome to Paradise, nsụgharị Bekee nke ''Cannibales'' (nke Lulu Norman dere) bụ nke edepụtara maka Independent Foreign Fiction Prize na 2004. Horses of God, nke Lulu Norman sụgharịkwara (nke mbụ: ''Les étoiles de Sidi Moumen''), edepụtara ya maka onyinye akwụkwọ kacha mma a sụgharịrị na 2014. Emere ya ka ọ bụrụ ihe nkiri na Morocco n'afọ 2011, nke a na-akpọ Horses of God, nke Nabil Ayouch duziri ma họrọ ya maka ntinye akwụkwọ Morocco maka ihe nkiri asụsụ mba ọzọ kachasị mma maka 2013 Oscars.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://rochester.edu/College/translation/threepercent/index.php?id=10722|title=2014 Best Translated Book Awards: Fiction Finalists|publisher=Three Percent|author=Chad W. Post|date=April 14, 2014|accessdate=April 18, 2014}}</ref> N'afọ 2020, Mahi ritere ihe nrite Mediterranean maka akwụkwọ akụkọ ya "Rue du pardon". == Akwụkwọ akụkọ == * ''Le fou du Roi'', Ed. Stock 2017, * ''Le Seigneur vous le rendra'', Ed. Flammarion 2013, * ''Les étoiles de Sidi Moumen'', Ed. Flammarion 2010 (English Translation "Horses of God", French Prix du roman arabe Movie by ''Nabil Ayouch'', ''Les chevaux de Dieu'' English Translation Horses of God * ''Terre d'ombres brulée'', Ed. Fayard, * ''Pollens'', Ed. Fayard 2001, * ''Le griot de Marrakech'', Ed. L'Aube, * ''Cannibales'', Ed. Fayard 1999, Ed. L'Aube, (English Translation Welcome to Paradise) * ''L'ombre du poète'', Ed. Stock 1997, * ''Les funérailles du lait'', Ed. Stock 1994, * ''Le sommeil de l'esclave'', Ed. Stock 1992, == Ihe ngosi == 2017 Galerie Abla Ababou , Rabat Art Paris (Grand Palais) Galerie DX Rétrospective - Galerie Claude Lemand 2016 Musée MACMA, Marrakech. 2015 Insoumission Forum international des droits de L'Homme, Marrakech, Musée de la Palmeraie 2014 Musée de la Palmeraie, Marrakech 2013 Galerie Document 15, Paris 2012 Galerie 38, Casablanca Galerie Benamou, Paris 2011 Galerie Caprice Horn, Berlin Galerie Loft (Expo à six mains avec Mourabiti et Yamou), Casablanca 2010 Galerie Atelier 21 (Casablanca) AAART Foundation, Kitzbühel, Autriche 2009 53ème Biennale de Venise Venice Biennale AAART Foundation - Autriche Galerie CMOOA, Rabat Galerie Delacroix, Tanger 2008 Galerie Atelier 21 - Casablanca Galerie Violon Bleu - Londres Galerie Navarra - 75 Faubourg, Paris Galerie Loft, Paris Galerie Bailly, Paris Fondation FAAP, Sao Paolo 2007 Siège Société Générale, Casablanca Galerie Nationale Bab Rouah, Rabat Galerie Noir sur blanc, Marrakech Palais des Congrès, Grasse (France) Le Lazaret Olandini, Ajaccio (Avec Yamou) 2006 Kasbah Agafay, Marrakech Galerie Venise Cadre, Casablanca Galerie les Atlassides, Marrakech 2005 Galerie Venise-Cadre, Casablanca Galerie Atlassides, Marrakech Musée Archéologique de Silves (Portugal) Eglise de la Miséricorde, Silves (Portugal) Gemap, Casablanca Áa2004 Arte Invest, Rome Festival Arte Mare Bastia (corse) Bellas Artes, Madrid Galerie Atalante, Madrid Galerie Brigitte Schenk, Köln 2003 Espace Actua, Casablanca (avec Yamou) Galerie Bab el kebir, Rabat (avec Selfati) Galerie AAM, Rome Studio Bocchi, Rome Fundacione Maturen, Tarazona. Galerie Baskoa, Barcelonne. Kunst Köln, Galerie Brigitte Schenk 2002 Galerie Dahiez & Associés, Zurich Galerie Brigitte Schenk, Köln Musée de Marrakech Société Générale Marocaine, Casablanca Institut Cervantes, Tanger Galerie Brigitte Schenk, Kunst Köln Ministère de la culture, Abu Dhabi 2001 Tinglado 4 Moll de Costa, Taragone Palais des congrès, Grasse. 2000 Espace Paul Ricard, Paris Galerie El Manar, Casablanca 1999 Galerie Stendhal, New York Galerie du Fleuve, Paris Galerie Brigitte Shenk, Köln 1998 Galerie Ott, Düsseldorf Museum of Contemporary Art, Washington DC 1997 Galerie Stendhal, New York. 1989 Contemporary French Art Gallery, New York 1988 Galerie la Découverte, Rabat 1987 Galerie de L'ONMT, Paris == Ebensidee == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * Bibliomonde [https://web.archive.org/web/20120117020744/http://www.bibliomonde.com/auteur/mahi-binebine-82.html] (weghachiri na Feb. 11, 2009) * [http://www.mahibinebine.com Official website nke Mahi Binebine] (na French) * Qantara.de [https://web.archive.org/web/20100421130603/http://www.qantara.de/webcom/show_article.php/_c-304/_nr-16/_p-1/i.html] https://northafricapost.com/41558-moroccan-writer-mahi-binebine-wins-mediterranean-prize-2020.html [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 4dx7pdl5thv2iiz97b1qtmvi9j1aux2 644451 644357 2026-05-31T02:12:23Z Lucy Iwuala 12732 ndezi nsupe 644451 wikitext text/x-wiki    {{Databox}} '''Mahi Binebine''' bụ onye Morocco na-ese ihe na onye na-ede akwụkwọ akụkọ. A mụrụ ya na Marrakech na 1959. Binebine edeela akwụkwọ akụkọ isii nke a tụgharịrị n'asụsụ dị iche iche.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Mahi Binebine|url=https://www.stella-gallery.com/artist/mahi-binebine/|work=Stella Gallery|accessdate=June 14, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Mahi Binebine|url=https://www.pwf.cz/archivy/autori/mahi-binebine/en/|work=Prague Writers' Festival|accessdate=June 14, 2020|date=2014}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Mahi Binebine [ Morocco ]|url=https://www.literaturfestival.com/autoren-en/autoren-2009-en/mahi-binebine|work=Internationales Literaturfestival Berlin|accessdate=June 14, 2020}}</ref> == Ọrụ == A mụrụ ya na 1959 na Marrakech. Mahi Binebine kwagara na Paris na 1980 iji gaa n'ihu na ọmụmụ ya na mgbakọ na mwepụ, nke ọ kụziri ruo afọ asatọ. O tinyeziri onwe ya n'ide ihe na eserese. O dere ọtụtụ akwụkwọ akụkọ, nke a tụgharịrị n'asụsụ iri na abụọ. Ọ kwagara New York site na 1994 ruo 1999. Ihe osise ya bụ akụkụ nke nchịkọta na-adịgide adịgide na Guggenheim Museum na New York. Ọ laghachiri Marrakech na 2002 ebe ọ bi ma na-arụ ọrụ ugbu a. Na "Mamaya's Last Journey" onye edemede ahụ na-esite na ihe omume sitere na akụkọ ezinụlọ ya. Nwanne ya nwoke bụ Aziz bụ otu n'ime ndị isi na-eto eto sonyere na atụmatụ iwepu Eze Hassan nke Abụọ n'ike na 1971. Atụmatụ a dara mba. Ruo afọ iri na asatọ, a tụrụ ya mkpọrọ n'ogige ọzara nke Tazmamart, n'okpuru ọnọdụ nke obi ọjọọ a na-apụghị ichetụ n'echiche na nke a na-apụghị ịkọwa akọwa. N'ime ndị mkpọrọ iri ise na isii, naanị ọkara lanarịrị; n'etiti ha, Aziz Binebine. Onye edemede Mahi Binebine bụ Tahar Ben Jelloun weere akụkọ a dị ka ihe ndabere maka akwụkwọ akụkọ ya bụ This Blinding Absence of Light . Welcome to Paradise, ntụgharị Bekee nke ''Cannibales'' (nke Lulu Norman dere) bụ nke edepụtara maka Independent Foreign Fiction Prize na 2004. Horses of God, nke Lulu Norman tụgharịkwara (nke mbụ: ''Les étoiles de Sidi Moumen''), edepụtara ya maka onyinye akwụkwọ kacha mma a tụgharịrị na 2014. Emere ya ka ọ bụrụ ihe nkiri na Morocco n'afọ 2011, nke a na-akpọ Horses of God, nke Nabil Ayouch duziri ma họrọ ya maka ntinye akwụkwọ Morocco maka ihe nkiri asụsụ mba ọzọ kachasị mma maka 2013 Oscars.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://rochester.edu/College/translation/threepercent/index.php?id=10722|title=2014 Best Translated Book Awards: Fiction Finalists|publisher=Three Percent|author=Chad W. Post|date=April 14, 2014|accessdate=April 18, 2014}}</ref> N'afọ 2020, Mahi ritere ihe nrite Mediterranean maka akwụkwọ akụkọ ya "Rue du pardon". == Akwụkwọ akụkọ == * ''Le fou du Roi'', Ed. Stock 2017, * ''Le Seigneur vous le rendra'', Ed. Flammarion 2013, * ''Les étoiles de Sidi Moumen'', Ed. Flammarion 2010 (English Translation "Horses of God", French Prix du roman arabe Movie by ''Nabil Ayouch'', ''Les chevaux de Dieu'' English Translation Horses of God * ''Terre d'ombres brulée'', Ed. Fayard, * ''Pollens'', Ed. Fayard 2001, * ''Le griot de Marrakech'', Ed. L'Aube, * ''Cannibales'', Ed. Fayard 1999, Ed. L'Aube, (English Translation Welcome to Paradise) * ''L'ombre du poète'', Ed. Stock 1997, * ''Les funérailles du lait'', Ed. Stock 1994, * ''Le sommeil de l'esclave'', Ed. Stock 1992, == Ihe ngosi == 2017 Galerie Abla Ababou , Rabat Art Paris (Grand Palais) Galerie DX Rétrospective - Galerie Claude Lemand 2016 Musée MACMA, Marrakech. 2015 Insoumission Forum international des droits de L'Homme, Marrakech, Musée de la Palmeraie 2014 Musée de la Palmeraie, Marrakech 2013 Galerie Document 15, Paris 2012 Galerie 38, Casablanca Galerie Benamou, Paris 2011 Galerie Caprice Horn, Berlin Galerie Loft (Expo à six mains avec Mourabiti et Yamou), Casablanca 2010 Galerie Atelier 21 (Casablanca) AAART Foundation, Kitzbühel, Autriche 2009 53ème Biennale de Venise Venice Biennale AAART Foundation - Autriche Galerie CMOOA, Rabat Galerie Delacroix, Tanger 2008 Galerie Atelier 21 - Casablanca Galerie Violon Bleu - Londres Galerie Navarra - 75 Faubourg, Paris Galerie Loft, Paris Galerie Bailly, Paris Fondation FAAP, Sao Paolo 2007 Siège Société Générale, Casablanca Galerie Nationale Bab Rouah, Rabat Galerie Noir sur blanc, Marrakech Palais des Congrès, Grasse (France) Le Lazaret Olandini, Ajaccio (Avec Yamou) 2006 Kasbah Agafay, Marrakech Galerie Venise Cadre, Casablanca Galerie les Atlassides, Marrakech 2005 Galerie Venise-Cadre, Casablanca Galerie Atlassides, Marrakech Musée Archéologique de Silves (Portugal) Eglise de la Miséricorde, Silves (Portugal) Gemap, Casablanca Áa2004 Arte Invest, Rome Festival Arte Mare Bastia (corse) Bellas Artes, Madrid Galerie Atalante, Madrid Galerie Brigitte Schenk, Köln 2003 Espace Actua, Casablanca (avec Yamou) Galerie Bab el kebir, Rabat (avec Selfati) Galerie AAM, Rome Studio Bocchi, Rome Fundacione Maturen, Tarazona. Galerie Baskoa, Barcelonne. Kunst Köln, Galerie Brigitte Schenk 2002 Galerie Dahiez & Associés, Zurich Galerie Brigitte Schenk, Köln Musée de Marrakech Société Générale Marocaine, Casablanca Institut Cervantes, Tanger Galerie Brigitte Schenk, Kunst Köln Ministère de la culture, Abu Dhabi 2001 Tinglado 4 Moll de Costa, Taragone Palais des congrès, Grasse. 2000 Espace Paul Ricard, Paris Galerie El Manar, Casablanca 1999 Galerie Stendhal, New York Galerie du Fleuve, Paris Galerie Brigitte Shenk, Köln 1998 Galerie Ott, Düsseldorf Museum of Contemporary Art, Washington DC 1997 Galerie Stendhal, New York. 1989 Contemporary French Art Gallery, New York 1988 Galerie la Découverte, Rabat 1987 Galerie de L'ONMT, Paris == Ebensidee == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * Bibliomonde [https://web.archive.org/web/20120117020744/http://www.bibliomonde.com/auteur/mahi-binebine-82.html] (weghachiri na Feb. 11, 2009) * [http://www.mahibinebine.com Official website nke Mahi Binebine] (na French) * Qantara.de [https://web.archive.org/web/20100421130603/http://www.qantara.de/webcom/show_article.php/_c-304/_nr-16/_p-1/i.html] https://northafricapost.com/41558-moroccan-writer-mahi-binebine-wins-mediterranean-prize-2020.html [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 8fzzv9up0z6jgezpcnevfi0miwwbukw 0 14772 644120 171146 2026-05-30T16:38:02Z Mirah50 16972 Fixed reference errors 644120 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Thaddeus Shearer''' (1 Nọvemba, 1919 - 26 Disemba, 1992) bụ onye nduzi mgbasa ozi mgbasa ozi nke Afrịka na Amerịka na onye na-ese as ihe osise nke 1970–1986 ''Quincy'' bụ otu n'ime ndị mbụ na-atọ ọchị na-eme ka [[Ndị Afụrịka ǹkè Amerịka|onye]] Afrịka na-edu ndú.<ref name="ssdi">[https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:VSX9-YZ5 Thaddeus Shearer] at the [[Social Security Death Index]] via FamilySearch.org. Retrieved on March 27, 2015. [https://web.archive.org/web/20150402192557/http://www.webcitation.org/6XLyJ4Q5p Archived] from the original on march 27, 2015.</ref> == Mmalite ndụ na ọrụ == A mụrụ Shearer na May Pen, Jamaica, nne na nna ya bụ Samuel na Sophie (née Parnell), ma a zụlitere ya site na nwata na mpaghara Harlem nke Manhattan, [[New York City]]. Site na nwata, ọchịchọ ya bụ imepụta ihe nkiri na-atọ ọchị. Mgbe ọ na-aga ụlọ akwụkwọ DeWitt Clinton High School, ọ zutere onye na-ese ihe osise nke Africa na America bụ E. Simms Campbell, onye ghọrọ onye ndụmọdụ ya.<ref name="reynolds">{{cite book| title=Comic Strip Artists in American Newspapers, 1945-1980 | first= Moira Davison|last= Reynolds| publisher= [[McFarland & Company]] | year=2003| isbn=978-0786415519| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IWqjaXc_4QUC&q=ted+shearer&pg=PA137 | page = 137}} Note: While TheCartoonists.ca gives 1921, the [[Social Security Death Index]] gives November 1, 1919.</ref>Mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na isii, Shearer rere eserese mbụ ya, nye akwụkwọ akụkọ ''New York Amsterdam News''.<ref name="nytobit"/> Site na 1938 ruo 1940, ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ n'abalị na Art Students League, na agụmakwụkwọ.<ref name="reynolds" /> N'oge Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ, Shearer jere ozi na ngalaba 92nd Infantry nke ndị agha United States, ruo ọkwa nke sajenti, ma nweta Bronze Star maka ọnọdụ ya dị ka onye nduzi nka maka magazin ngalaba ahụ, The Buffalo .<ref name="visualarts">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BcWHdpRoDkUC&q=comic+strip+quincy+shearer&pg=PA184|title=African Americans in the Visual Arts|first=Steven|author=Otfinoski|publisher=[[Facts on File]] Library of American History|year=2011|isbn=978-0816078400}}</ref><ref>The magazine title was ''The Buffalo'' and not ''Buffalo'' as given in some sources, per {{Cite news|url=http://www.historynet.com/african-american-92nd-infantry-division-fought-in-italy-during-world-war-ii.htm|title=African American 92nd Infantry Division Fought in Italy During World War II|first=Robert Jr.|author=Hodges|publisher=World War II magazine (World History Group, pub.) via Historynet.com|date=June 12, 2006|accessdate=March 23, 2015}}</ref> O nyere ihe atụ na akwụkwọ akụkọ ndị agha a kpọrọ 'Stars and Stripes' ma nye aka na-akụkọ ọchị banyere ndụ ndị agha na ọrụ nchịkọta akwụkwọ akụkọ Continental Features .<ref name="nytobit"/> Mgbe agha ahụ gasịrị, ọ malitere ime ihe osise maka magazin nke gụnyere The Ladies 'Home Journal na ''The Saturday Evening Post'', yana Our World na ''Collier's'', na ''akwụkwọ akụkọ'' gụnyere ''New York Herald Tribune'' .<ref name="nytobit" /><ref name="mcleod">{{Cite web|url=http://www.thecartoonists.ca/Index_files/2007pages/TC%20-%20Ted%20Shearer,%20Groundbreaker%20for%20Black%20Cartoonists.htm|title=Ted Shearer, Groundbreaker for Black Cartoonists|first=Susanna|author=McLeod|publisher=TheCartoonists.ca|date=June 15, 2007|accessdate=2014-05-10|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101130203413/http://thecartoonists.ca/Index_files/2007pages/TC%20-%20Ted%20Shearer,%20Groundbreaker%20for%20Black%20Cartoonists.htm|archivedate=November 30, 2010}}</ref> Site na 1946 ruo 1947, ọ gụrụ nka na Pratt Institute.<ref name="reynolds" /> == Mgbasa ozi na ọrụ ọchị == Site na Continental Features, Shearer jikọtara ihe nkiri mkpa ọchị abụọ, Around ''Harlem'', banyere ndị nọ n'afọ iri na ụma na ndị na-eto eto na agbata obi Manhattan ahụ, na ihe nkiri gbasara ezinụlọ a kpọrọ Next Door.<ref name="mcleod"/> Mgbe a kwụsịrị ihe nkiri ndị ahụ n'afọ ndị 1950, Shearer sonyeere ụlọ ọrụ mgbasa ozi nke New York City BBDO, ebe ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye nduzi nka ruo afọ iri na ise, na-emeri ihe nrite ise.<ref name="visualarts"/><ref name="nytobit"/> N'oge a, ọ rere otu katụụn na King Features Syndicate's ''Laff-a-Day'' feature. Mgbe ya na onye na-ese ihe na King Features bụ Bill Gilmartin, onye Shearer gosipụtara ụfọdụ ọrụ ya ma chọpụta na e bipụtara katụụn ya na nnukwu magazin, Gilmartin nwere ezi mmasị nke mere ka ọrụ Shearer pụta ìhè na syndicate.<ref name="horn">{{Cite book|author=Crouch, Bill Jr.|editor=Horn|title=100 Years of American Newspaper Comics|publisher=[[Gramercy Books]]|location=New York York|year=1996|pages=253|isbn=0-517-12447-5}}</ref> Site na King Features, Shearer malitere ihe nkiri na-atọ ọchị ''Quincy'', nke gosipụtara nwa nwoke ụlọ akwụkwọ praịmarị nke Africa na America nke nne nne ya zụlitere na Harlem. Ọ malitere na June 13 ma ọ bụ June 17, 1970 (akụkọ dị iche).<ref name="toonopedia">{{Cite web|title=''Quincy''|url=http://www.toonopedia.com/quincy.htm|first=Don|author=Markstein|publisher=[[Don Markstein's Toonopedia]]|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20240527005140/https://www.webcitation.org/6PTd0BEEU?url=http://www.toonopedia.com/quincy.htm|archivedate=2024-05-27|accessdate=2022-06-11}}</ref><ref name="horn" /> Mgbe ọ malitere ihe nkiri ahụ, Shearer hapụrụ BBDO.<ref name="nytobit"/><ref name="horn" /> Ihe nkiri ahụ kwụsịrị mgbe Shearer lara ezumike nká na 1986.<ref name="toonopedia" /> Onye ọkọ akụkọ ihe mere eme nke katọn bụ Bill Crouch, Jr. dere na Shearer ...na-eji Quincy mee ka ọ bụrụ onye na-enwe nchekwube na nke na-ewuli elu, na-enwe echiche anwụ na-acha na enyi kacha mma na-acha ọcha [bụ onye] bụ parody nke cliche, "Ụfọdụ ezigbo ndị enyi m bụ ndị ojii." ... A gọziri Quincy site na ihe osise siri ike na iji ziptone mee ihe. N'anya, ọ mapụrụ na ibe na onye na-agụ ya. N'ime afọ iri na isii ya na syndication, Quincy, yana Morrie Turner's Wee Pals na Brumsic Brandon Jr.'s Luther, meghere ụzọ maka ọgbọ dị ugbu a nke ndị na-ese foto nke Africa-American nke ọma.<ref name="horn" />   Onye ọzọ na-akọ akụkọ mkpa ọchị, Don Markstein, kwuru na ihe nkiri ahụ "ọ bụghị nkwusa, ụzọ ndị ọsụ ụzọ nke ụdị a na-eyikarị omume ọma ha na aka ha. ... Ihe odide Shearer bụ ndị na-ahụ anya na-adịghị ahụkebe na ndụ yana ụdị akpụkpọ ahụ, ma na-esitekarị n'eziokwu ahụ, mana ha abụghị ndị na-akwado mgbanwe. Ọtụtụ mgbe, ha bụ naanị ụyọkọ ụmụaka na-emekọ ihe ọnụ ma ghara ichebara agbụrụ ha echiche. "<ref name="toonopedia"/> Ya na nwa ya nwoke na-ese foto bụ John Shearer dị ka onye edemede, Ted Shearer gosipụtara usoro akwụkwọ Billy Jo Jive, nke ghọrọ ntọala maka akụkụ ndị na-akpali akpali na mmemme agụmakwụkwọ ụmụaka PBS ''Sesame Street'', na maka ihe nkiri, ''Billy Jo Jive'' Super Private Eye, nke Shearer Visuals mepụtara na 1979.<ref name="visualarts"/><ref>{{Cite news|title=Photographer John Shearer: Images of life|first=Linda|author=Lombroso|url=http://www.lohud.com/story/life/2014/03/17/photographer-john-shearer-images-life/6534877/|work=[[The Journal News]]|date=March 18, 2014|accessdate=March 21, 2015}}</ref><ref name="nytobit">{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1992/12/30/obituaries/ted-shearer-73-dies-cartoonist-for-quincy.html|title=Ted Shearer, 73, Dies; Cartoonist for 'Quincy'|work=[[The New York Times]]|date=December 30, 1992|accessdate=March 21, 2015}}</ref> N'oge ndụ ya, Shearer gosipụtara dị ka onye na-ese ihe n'ọtụtụ ihe ngosi.<ref name="nytobit"/> == Ndụ onwe ya == N'afọ 1945, Shearer lụrụ Phyllis Wildman, onye ọka iwu na, onye mechara bụrụ osote kọmishọna na-ahụ maka ọrụ mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya na Westchester County, New York. Di na nwunye a nwere nwa nwoke, John Shearer (onye ga-agakwa n'ihu ịghọ onye na-ese foto), na nwa nwanyị, Kathleen.<ref name="nytobit"/> Shearer bụ onye guzobere otu ndị ọkachamara nke Africa na America bụ Westchester Clubmen, ma bụrụ onye otu National Cartoonists Society na Society of Professional Journalists.<ref name="nytobit"/> Shearer, onye bi na Pound Ridge, New York, nwụrụ n'ihi oria nkụchi obi na Northern Westchester Hospital na Mount Kisco, New York.<ref name="nytobit"/> == Akwụkwọ ọgụgụ == Dị ka onye na-ese onyinyo; akwụkwọ isi ụmụaka nke John Shearer dere * Billy Jo Jive, Super Private Eye: The Case of the Missing Ten Speed Bike (Yearling, 1978) * ''Billy Jo Jive'' and the Case of the Missing Pigeons (Delacorte Press, 1978) * Billy Jo Jive, Super Private Eye: The Case of the Sneaker Snatcher (Dell Publishing, 1979) * ''Billy Jo Jive'' and the Case of the Midnight Voices (Delacorte Press, 1982) * ''Billy Jo Jive'' and the Walkie-Talkie Caper (Dell Publishing, 1984) == Ebensidee == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * {{Cite web|url=http://www.clstoons.com/paoc/shearer.htm|title=Salute to Pioneering Cartoonists of Color|first=Tim|author=Jackson|publisher=Creative License Studio|date=1998|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20000121171521/http://www.clstoons.com/paoc/shearer.htm|archivedate=January 21, 2000}} [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] buacue0uitfqfhpqs1u6ozj70rrzwyq 0 14815 644097 541036 2026-05-30T15:51:44Z Mirah50 16972 Fixed reference errors 644097 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Toin Adams''', amụrụ na Kitwe, [[Zambia]], bụ onye na-akpụ ihe na-arụ ọrụ na ígwè, acrylic, fibreglass na mgbasa ozi ndị ọzọ. Ọ nọrọ n'oge ọ bụ nwata na ọwụwa anyanwụ Rhodesia (nke bụzi [[Zimbabwe]]), na ngwụsị afọ iri na ụma, na South Afrịka, ebe ọ gara National School of the Arts, Johannesburg. N'ọgwụgwụ afọ iri asatọ ọ kwagara England, ebe ọ malitere ọrụ ya na ịkpụ ihe. Ọrụ ya abụọ a maara nke ọma ruo ugbu a bụ ihe ọkpụkpụ Birmingham kachasị ukwuu: nke dị mita iri na abụọ n'ịdị elu, ''The Green Man 2002'' na ihe ọkpụkpụ dị mita iri n'ịdị elu The Deluge 2010 na Zellig, ihe ọkpụkpụ dị mita iri na atọ na atọ na atọ na-adakwasị nke ozu na-ada, ha abụọ bụ ndị ụlọ ọrụ Custard Factory na Digbeth, Birmingham nyere ọrụ. "Ọ na-amasị m ịme nnukwu ihe ọkpụkpụ, iji ihe dị iche iche na-egwu egwu ma chọpụta otu esi eme ha ... ghara ịda..." Adams bụ akụkụ nke The Imaginary Beings Art Collective, otu ndị na-ese ihe na-arụkọ ọrụ ọnụ iji mepụta ọrụ nka. Site na nchịkọta a, ọ chịkọtara ọtụtụ ihe omume nka gburugburu ụwa gụnyere The End of a World na Transcendence and Transformation . == Edensibịa == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] po9lnt53fik6adptellvv3cme8hkpxj 0 14841 644056 94863 2026-05-30T14:42:26Z Geraldine Kene 23189 Fixed reference error 644056 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Zamavus “Zama’ Magudulela''' bụ onye si South Africa na-eme ihe nkiri na onye na-agụ egwu nke rụrụ ọrụ Rafiki na Paris na Madrid nke The Lion King musical.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|author=Schonter|first=Allison|date=26 June 2020|title=Everything Coming to Disney+ in July 2020|url=https://popculture.com/streaming/news/everything-coming-disney-plus-july-2020/|accessdate=2022-02-20|work=Pop Culture|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=Milligan|first=Kaitlin|title=VIDEO: FROZEN and THE LION KING on Broadway Included in New ONE DAY AT DISNEY Documentary|url=https://www.broadwayworld.com/article/VIDEO-FROZEN-and-THE-LION-KING-on-Broadway-Included-in-New-ONE-DAY-AT-DISNEY-Documentary-20190823|accessdate=2022-02-20|work=BroadwayWorld.com|language=en}}</ref> == Mmalite ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ == Magudulela tolitere na Durban wee malite ịbụ abụ mgbe ọ dị afọ itoolu.<ref name=":1" /> Ọ bụ onye otu ukwe ozioma obodo ''Umlazi'' tupu ọ banye na otu ukwe na kọleji ya, mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na abụọ.<ref name=":1" /> O nwere nzere na njikwa na azụmahịa.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=Zama Magudulela – Rafiki {{!}} Le Rapport du Matin|url=https://www.lerapportdumatin.com/la-distribution-de-paris/zama-magudulela-rafiki/|accessdate=2022-02-20|language=fr-FR}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://www.lerapportdumatin.com/la-distribution-de-paris/zama-magudulela-rafiki/ "Zama Magudulela – Rafiki | Le Rapport du Matin"] (in French)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 February</span> 2022</span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)]]</ref> == Ọrụ == Ọrụ mbụ Magudulela rụrụ bụ na mmepụta nke Mbongeni Ngema nke The Zulu Show wee bụrụ onye na-akwado egwu maka abọm Ngema bụ ''Isimukanandwendwe'' na ''Baba kaMdudu''<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=Zama Magudulela – Rafiki {{!}} Le Rapport du Matin|url=https://www.lerapportdumatin.com/la-distribution-de-paris/zama-magudulela-rafiki/|accessdate=2022-02-20|language=fr-FR}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://www.lerapportdumatin.com/la-distribution-de-paris/zama-magudulela-rafiki/ "Zama Magudulela – Rafiki | Le Rapport du Matin"] (in French)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 February</span> 2022</span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)]]</ref> . Ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye na-akwado ''Busi Mhlongo'' tupu ọ gaa nyocha maka egwu The Lion King na Melbourne n'afọ 2003 wee bụrụ onye nke ngosi agwa Rafiki shaman.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=Zama Magudulela – Rafiki {{!}} Le Rapport du Matin|url=https://www.lerapportdumatin.com/la-distribution-de-paris/zama-magudulela-rafiki/|accessdate=2022-02-20|language=fr-FR}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://www.lerapportdumatin.com/la-distribution-de-paris/zama-magudulela-rafiki/ "Zama Magudulela – Rafiki | Le Rapport du Matin"] (in French)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 February</span> 2022</span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)]]</ref> N'afọ 2006, ọ sonyeere The Lion King cast na Hamburg, ka dị ka Rafiki understudy, ma mesịa sonye na Paris cast dị ka Rafika Onye isi ngosipụta agwa.<ref name=":1" /> Ọ pụtara na ndekọ afọ 2007 nke mmepụta Paris. O mechara mee ihe nkiri na ihe nkiri Rafiki na mmepụta Madrid nke egwu ahụ.<ref name=":0" /> Site n'afọ 2019 Magudulela rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye na-eti egwu na Cirque du Soleil na mmepụta Totem. == Edensibia == <references /> [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] huk18dg3eek3dlpub2flk01gcrc1xnj 0 14952 644061 94600 2026-05-30T14:59:24Z Mirah50 16972 Fixed reference errors 644061 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Usòrò:PC_-_8400_-_0102_Genesis_Tapfuma_Gutsa_35x36x91cm.jpg|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|Jenesis nke Tapfuma Gutsa dere (2010)]] '''Tapfuma Gutsa''' (a mụrụ n'afọ 1956) bụ [[Zimbabwe|onye Zimbabwe]] na-akpụ ihe.<ref>{{Cite book|author=Mawdsley|first=Joceline|title=Zimbabwe stone sculpture: the second generation|date=1994|publisher=Chapungu Sculpture Park|location=Harare, Zimbabwe}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|author=Stanislaus|first=Grace|title=Frozen spirit: Zimbabwean stone sculpture|journal=Sculpture|date=1992|volume=11|issue=1|pages=44–47}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|author=Sultan|first=Olivier|title=Life in stone: Zimbabwean sculpture; birth of a contemporary art form|date=1992|publisher=Baobab Books|location=Harare, Zimbabwe}}</ref> Gutsa bụ nwa afọ Harare, ya na Cornelius Manguma gụrụ maka ihe ọkpụkpụ na Driefontein Mission School, o mechara bụrụ onye Zimbabwe mbụ natara onyinye British Council.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Marunya|first=Kundai|title=Meet Visual Artist, Tapfuma Gutsa|url=http://www.hararenews.co.zw/2015/01/meet-visual-artist-tapfuma-gutsa/|accessdate=19 November 2018|work=Harare News|date=9 January 2015}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|author=Appiah|first=Anthony|title=Encyclopedia of Africa, Volume 2|date=2010|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=9780195337709|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=A0XNvklcqbwC&dq=%22Tapfuma+Gutsa%22&pg=PA545|accessdate=19 November 2018}}</ref> Mmụta ahụ nyere ya ohere ịmụ na London site na 1982 ruo 1985, ebe ọ natara diplọma na ihe ọkpụkpụ site na City and Guilds of [[London]] School of Art.<ref>{{Cite book|author=Winter-Irving|first=Celia|title=Stone sculpture in Zimbabwe: context, content and form|date=1991|publisher=Roblaw Publishers|location=Harare}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|author=Morton|first=Elizabeth|editor=Salami|title=A Companion to Modern African Art (Blackwell Companions to Art History)|date=2013|publisher=John Wiley & Sons|isbn=9781444338379|pages=248–251|chapter=Patron and Artist in Zimbabwean Art}}</ref> Gutsa bụ onye na-eme ihe a na-adịghị ahụkebe n'etiti ndị na-akpụ nkume na Zimbabwe maka obosara nke ihe ndị ọ na-eji arụ ọrụ ya; ihe ọkpụkpụ ya gụnyere ígwè, akwụkwọ, [[Ńkú|osisi]], na ihe ndị ọzọ si mba ọzọ.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Contemporary art in Zimbabwe|date=1998|publisher=Artoteek Amsterdam Zuidoost|location=Amsterdam}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|author=Cousins|first=Jane|title=The making of Zimbabwean sculpture|journal=Third Text; Third World Perspectives on Contemporary Art and Culture|date=1991|issue=13|pages=31–42}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|author=Chikukwa|first=Raphael|title=Visions of Zimbabwe|date=2005|publisher=Manchester Art Gallery|location=Manchester}}</ref> Ihe ọkpụkpụ ya meriri na ngosi Nedlaw, 1987, gụnyere ahịhịa na-enwu ọkụ na-ekpuchi nnụnụ osisi.<ref name="Nedlaw">{{Cite book|title=Zimbabwe heritage 1987|date=1987|publisher=National Gallery of Zimbabwe|location=Harare, Zimbabwe}}</ref> Ọ bụ nwa nwanne nna Dominic Benhura, onye ya na ya gụrụ akwụkwọ; ọ bụkwa onye ndụmọdụ nye ọtụtụ ndị na-eto eto na-ese ihe gụnyere Fabian Madamombe . N'afọ 2007, Gutsa bụ otu n'ime ndị na-ese ihe iri na otu nke mba ụwa e nyere ikike site n'aka Victoria na Albert Museum, London, nyere ọrụ iji mepụta ọrụ maka ihe ngosi akpọrọ 'Uncomfortable Truths: The Shadow of Slave Trading on Contemporary Art'.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Whitley|first=Zoe|title='Uncomfortable Truths', installation by various artists|url=http://www.vam.ac.uk/content/articles/u/uncomfortable-truths-installation/|work=Victoria and Albert Museum|accessdate=19 November 2018|date=2007}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|author=Guchu|first=Wonder|title=Zimbabwe: Gutsa in Slave Trade Exhibition|url=https://allafrica.com/stories/200706050638.html|accessdate=19 November 2018|work=Zimbabwe Herald|date=5 June 2007}}</ref> == Ihe nrite == * 1987 Nedlaw award for sculpture, National Gallery of Zimbabwe<ref name="Nedlaw" />{ == Ebensidee == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] aegrdozsei0q2x0vndtrfkf3nn058w3 644062 644061 2026-05-30T14:59:45Z Mirah50 16972 644062 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Usòrò:PC_-_8400_-_0102_Genesis_Tapfuma_Gutsa_35x36x91cm.jpg|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|Jenesis nke Tapfuma Gutsa dere (2010)]] '''Tapfuma Gutsa''' (a mụrụ n'afọ 1956) bụ [[Zimbabwe|onye Zimbabwe]] na-akpụ ihe.<ref>{{Cite book|author=Mawdsley|first=Joceline|title=Zimbabwe stone sculpture: the second generation|date=1994|publisher=Chapungu Sculpture Park|location=Harare, Zimbabwe}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|author=Stanislaus|first=Grace|title=Frozen spirit: Zimbabwean stone sculpture|journal=Sculpture|date=1992|volume=11|issue=1|pages=44–47}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|author=Sultan|first=Olivier|title=Life in stone: Zimbabwean sculpture; birth of a contemporary art form|date=1992|publisher=Baobab Books|location=Harare, Zimbabwe}}</ref> Gutsa bụ nwa afọ Harare, ya na Cornelius Manguma gụrụ maka ihe ọkpụkpụ na Driefontein Mission School, o mechara bụrụ onye Zimbabwe mbụ natara onyinye British Council.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Marunya|first=Kundai|title=Meet Visual Artist, Tapfuma Gutsa|url=http://www.hararenews.co.zw/2015/01/meet-visual-artist-tapfuma-gutsa/|accessdate=19 November 2018|work=Harare News|date=9 January 2015}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|author=Appiah|first=Anthony|title=Encyclopedia of Africa, Volume 2|date=2010|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=9780195337709|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=A0XNvklcqbwC&dq=%22Tapfuma+Gutsa%22&pg=PA545|accessdate=19 November 2018}}</ref> Mmụta ahụ nyere ya ohere ịmụ na London site na 1982 ruo 1985, ebe ọ natara diplọma na ihe ọkpụkpụ site na City and Guilds of [[London]] School of Art.<ref>{{Cite book|author=Winter-Irving|first=Celia|title=Stone sculpture in Zimbabwe: context, content and form|date=1991|publisher=Roblaw Publishers|location=Harare}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|author=Morton|first=Elizabeth|editor=Salami|title=A Companion to Modern African Art (Blackwell Companions to Art History)|date=2013|publisher=John Wiley & Sons|isbn=9781444338379|pages=248–251|chapter=Patron and Artist in Zimbabwean Art}}</ref> Gutsa bụ onye na-eme ihe a na-adịghị ahụkebe n'etiti ndị na-akpụ nkume na Zimbabwe maka obosara nke ihe ndị ọ na-eji arụ ọrụ ya; ihe ọkpụkpụ ya gụnyere ígwè, akwụkwọ, [[Ńkú|osisi]], na ihe ndị ọzọ si mba ọzọ.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Contemporary art in Zimbabwe|date=1998|publisher=Artoteek Amsterdam Zuidoost|location=Amsterdam}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|author=Cousins|first=Jane|title=The making of Zimbabwean sculpture|journal=Third Text; Third World Perspectives on Contemporary Art and Culture|date=1991|issue=13|pages=31–42}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|author=Chikukwa|first=Raphael|title=Visions of Zimbabwe|date=2005|publisher=Manchester Art Gallery|location=Manchester}}</ref> Ihe ọkpụkpụ ya meriri na ngosi Nedlaw, 1987, gụnyere ahịhịa na-enwu ọkụ na-ekpuchi nnụnụ osisi.<ref name="Nedlaw">{{Cite book|title=Zimbabwe heritage 1987|date=1987|publisher=National Gallery of Zimbabwe|location=Harare, Zimbabwe}}</ref> Ọ bụ nwa nwanne nna Dominic Benhura, onye ya na ya gụrụ akwụkwọ; ọ bụkwa onye ndụmọdụ nye ọtụtụ ndị na-eto eto na-ese ihe gụnyere Fabian Madamombe . N'afọ 2007, Gutsa bụ otu n'ime ndị na-ese ihe iri na otu nke mba ụwa e nyere ikike site n'aka Victoria na Albert Museum, London, nyere ọrụ iji mepụta ọrụ maka ihe ngosi akpọrọ 'Uncomfortable Truths: The Shadow of Slave Trading on Contemporary Art'.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Whitley|first=Zoe|title='Uncomfortable Truths', installation by various artists|url=http://www.vam.ac.uk/content/articles/u/uncomfortable-truths-installation/|work=Victoria and Albert Museum|accessdate=19 November 2018|date=2007}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|author=Guchu|first=Wonder|title=Zimbabwe: Gutsa in Slave Trade Exhibition|url=https://allafrica.com/stories/200706050638.html|accessdate=19 November 2018|work=Zimbabwe Herald|date=5 June 2007}}</ref> == Ihe nrite == * 1987 Nedlaw award for sculpture, National Gallery of Zimbabwe<ref name="Nedlaw" /> == Ebensidee == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] odm6olh92j4xxenj9ju7o9siplh5zf7 0 14989 644282 213022 2026-05-30T20:19:16Z Neme244 16387 added DEFAULTSORT 644282 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=Emmanuel Castis|image=|image_size=|alt=|caption=|birth_date={{Birth date and age|1976|2|1|df=yes}}|birth_name=Emmanuel Castis|birth_place=[[Johannesburg]], South Africa|nationality=South African<br>[[Greek people|Greek]]|education=|years_active=1999–present|spouse=|children=|relations=|occupation=Actor}}I [[Category:Articles with hCards]] t '''Emmanuel Castis''' (a mụrụ na 1 Febụwarị 1976), bụ onye South Africa na-eme ihe nkiri, onye na-agụ egwu na onye na-agba egwu nke sitere na Gris.<ref name="tvsa"/> A maara ya nke ọma maka ọrụ ya na usoro ihe nkiri ''[[Isidingo]]'', ''Erfsondes'' na Black Sails. == Ndụ onwe == A mụrụ ya n'abalị1 Febụwarị afọ 1976 na Johannesburg, South Africa nye nne na nna ya bụ ndị Gris, Mike Castis na Maro Castis .<ref name="tvsa">{{Cite web|date=26 November 2020|title=Emmanuel Castis bio|url=https://www.tvsa.co.za/actors/viewactor.aspx?actorid=3098|archivedate=26 November 2020|accessdate=26 November 2020|work=tvsa}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://www.tvsa.co.za/actors/viewactor.aspx?actorid=3098 "Emmanuel Castis bio"]. ''tvsa''. 26 November 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 November</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> Ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Mahadum Witwatersrand .<ref name="official"/> Ọ lụrụ onye ọlụlụ ya Sharlene Economou. Ha kwere nkwa ọlụlụ na Komati Gorge Lodge na Mpumalanga.<ref>{{Cite web|date=26 November 2020|title=Trackers actor engaged: ‘We’re on cloud nine’|url=https://www.news24.com/you/celebs/local/trackers-actor-engaged-were-on-cloud-nine-20200825|archivedate=26 November 2020|accessdate=26 November 2020|work=news24}}</ref> == Ọrụ == Ọ malitere ime ihe nkiri n'afọ 1997 na ihe nkiri ya na PJ Sabbagha na Forgotten Angle Dance Theatre Company ebe ọ rụrụ ọrụ 'Lennox' na egwuregwu ''Macbeth'' a ma ama. Mgbe ahụ, o tinyere aka na ihe nkiri egwu. Ka ọ dịgodị, o mere ihe nkiri mbụ ya na telivishọn na-ewu ewu na telivishọn bụ ''[[Isidingo]]'' n'afọ 1999.<ref name="tvsa">{{Cite web|date=26 November 2020|title=Emmanuel Castis bio|url=https://www.tvsa.co.za/actors/viewactor.aspx?actorid=3098|archivedate=26 November 2020|accessdate=26 November 2020|work=tvsa}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://www.tvsa.co.za/actors/viewactor.aspx?actorid=3098 "Emmanuel Castis bio"]. ''tvsa''. 26 November 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 November</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> N'ime usoro ihe nkiri ahụ, ọ rụrụ ọrụ 'Steve Stethakis' nke ghọrọ onye ama ama. N'afọ 2004, o ritere ihe nrite nke ndị mmadụ maka onye na-eme ihe nkiri kacha mma na ihe nkiri telivishọn. Mgbe ahụ, ọ pụtara na usoro ''Erfsondes'' dị ka onye isi nwoke. ma họpụta ya ugboro abụọ maka South African Film and Television Awards (SAFTA) maka Best Actor na usoro telivishọn. N'afọ 2008, o meriri n'asọmpi ama ama nke South African version of Dancing with the Stars .<ref name="official">{{Cite web|date=26 November 2020|title=Emmanuel Castis career|url=https://emmanuelcastis.com|archivedate=26 November 2020|accessdate=26 November 2020|work=Emmanuel Castis official website}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://emmanuelcastis.com "Emmanuel Castis career"]. ''Emmanuel Castis official website''. 26 November 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 November</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> E wezụga ime ihe nkiri, ọ bụkwa onye na-agụ egwu nke ọma, ebe o dekọrọ abọm egwu mbụ ya n'afo 2008 na aha "South of Nowhere". N'otu afọ ahụ, o meriri oge nke anọ nke ihe ngosi Strictly Come Dancing . Mgbe ahụ n'afọ̀ 2011, o wepụtara egwu "Stop Running" n'afọ 2011 na otu "Alive" na njedebe nke afọ 2015.<ref name="official">{{Cite web|date=26 November 2020|title=Emmanuel Castis career|url=https://emmanuelcastis.com|archivedate=26 November 2020|accessdate=26 November 2020|work=Emmanuel Castis official website}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://emmanuelcastis.com "Emmanuel Castis career"]. ''Emmanuel Castis official website''. 26 November 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 November</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref><ref name="tvsa">{{Cite web|date=26 November 2020|title=Emmanuel Castis bio|url=https://www.tvsa.co.za/actors/viewactor.aspx?actorid=3098|archivedate=26 November 2020|accessdate=26 November 2020|work=tvsa}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://www.tvsa.co.za/actors/viewactor.aspx?actorid=3098 "Emmanuel Castis bio"]. ''tvsa''. 26 November 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 November</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> N'afọ 2014, ọ bụ onye ọka ikpe maka SAFTAs. Ọ pụtakwara na ihe nkiri abụọ a ma ama na mba ụwa, ''Wild'' at Heart na Black Sails. Ka ọ dịgodị, ọ pụtara na ọtụtụ ihe nkiri: ''Cryptid'', Eternity na Tremors 5: Bloodlines .<ref name="tvsa">{{Cite web|date=26 November 2020|title=Emmanuel Castis bio|url=https://www.tvsa.co.za/actors/viewactor.aspx?actorid=3098|archivedate=26 November 2020|accessdate=26 November 2020|work=tvsa}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://www.tvsa.co.za/actors/viewactor.aspx?actorid=3098 "Emmanuel Castis bio"]. ''tvsa''. 26 November 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 November</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> The, ọ gara gburugburu ụwa na Broadway hit musical ''Jersey Boys'', dịka otu n'ime ndị ndu 'Nick Massi'. O mechara nweta otuto dị mma ma nweta nhọpụta maka onye na-eme ihe nkiri kachasị mma na egwu na Naledi Theatre Awards.<ref name="official">{{Cite web|date=26 November 2020|title=Emmanuel Castis career|url=https://emmanuelcastis.com|archivedate=26 November 2020|accessdate=26 November 2020|work=Emmanuel Castis official website}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://emmanuelcastis.com "Emmanuel Castis career"]. ''Emmanuel Castis official website''. 26 November 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 November</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> == Ihe nkiri == {| class="wikitable" !Afọ !Ihe nkiri !Ọrụ !Ụdị !Ref. |- |1998 |''[[Isidingo]]'' |Steve Stethakis |Usoro TV | |- |1999 |''Dazzle'' |Mak |Ihe nkiri | |- |2005 |''Isidingo: Mkpa'' |Steve Stethakis |Usoro TV | |- |2006 |''Cryptid'' |Theo |Ihe nkiri | |- |2007 |''Otu Ụzọ'' |Brent Peterson |Usoro TV | |- |2008 |''Wild n'obi'' |Victor |Usoro TV | |- |2010 |''Ebighị Ebi'' |Jan Roux |Ihe nkiri | |- |2012 |''7de Laan'' |Yannis |Usoro TV | |- |2015 |''Ụjọ nke 5: Ọbara'' |Dr. Michael Swan |Ihe nkiri ụlọ | |- |2016 |''Obi ụtọ bụ okwu nwere mkpụrụ akwụkwọ anọ'' |Le Roux |Ihe nkiri | |- |2016 |''Ụgbọ mmiri ojii'' |Onye ọrụ ụlọ ikpe |Usoro TV | |- |2016 |''General Hospital'' |Kostas |Usoro TV | |- |2017 |''Nkwa mebiri emebi'' |Chris |Usoro TV | |- |2017 |''Obi Aka 4 nkeji'' |Onye ọka iwu |Obere ihe nkiri | |- |2017 |''Osisi vaịn Thula'' |Jaco |Usoro TV | |- |2017 |''Venster'' |Daniel |Obere ihe nkiri | |- |2018 |''Nnwere onwe'' |Victor |Obere TV | |- |2018 |''Akụkụ nke mpi'' |Onye njikwa APU |Obere ihe nkiri | |- |2019 |''Ndị na-enyocha ihe'' |Suleiman Daoud |Usoro TV | |- |2020 |''Onye Agha'' |Clyde Nichols |Usoro TV | |} == Edemsibịa == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * {{IMDb name|nm1410288}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Castis, Emmanuel}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] f9xsi7vxpn31l0ozmnpsbz7ekq8fmy2 0 15157 644552 196048 2026-05-31T06:57:21Z Nachi kim 20090 Fixed reference error 644552 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} The Bang-Bang Club bụ ihe nkiri ihe nkiri nkè Canada na South Africa nkè afọ 2010 nke Steven Silver na kpakpando Ryan Phillippe dere ma duzie dị ka [[Greg Marinovich]], Malin Åkerman dị ka Robin Comley, Taylor Kitsch dị ka [[Kevin Carter]], Frank Rautenbach dị ka Ken Oosterbroek na Neels Van Jaarsveld dị ka João Silva. Ha na-egosi ndụ nke ndị nta akụkọ foto anọ na-arụsi ọrụ ike n'ime obodo ndị dị na South Africa n'oge ịkpa ókè agbụrụ, ọkachasị n'etiti afọ 1990 na afọ 1994, site na ógè a tọhapụrụ [[Nelson Mandela]] n'ụlọ mkpọrọ ruo na ntuli aka n'afọ 1994. Ọ bụ ihe nkiri nke akwụkwọ ''The Bang-Bang Club'': Snapshots from a Hidden War nkè Greg Marinovich na João Silva dere bụ ndị so n'òtù ndị na-ese foto anọ a maara dị kà [[Bang-Bang Club|Bang-Bang club]], ndị ọzọ abụọ bụ Kevin Carter nà Ken Oosterbroek. == Atụmatụ == Ihe nkiri ahụ na-akọ akụkọ banyéré ụmụ okorobịa anọ na oke ha gara iji nweta foto ha n'ụbọchị ole na ole tupu ọdịda nkè ịkpa ókè agbụrụ nà South Africa. == Ndị na-eme ihe nkiri == ; Ndị òtù Bang-Bang Club * Ryan Phillippe dị ka [[Greg Marinovich]] * Malin Åkerman dị ka Robin Comley * Taylor Kitsch dị ka [[Kevin Carter]] * Frank Rautenbach dị ka Ken Oosterbroek * Neels Van Jaarsveld dị ka João Silva ; Ọrụ ndị ọzọ * Patrick Lyster dị ka James Nachtwey * Russel Savadier dị ka Ronald Graham * [[Alf Kumalo]] dị ka onwe ya == Nkesa == Ihe nkiri ahụ gosipụtara n'ụwa niile na Toronto International Film Festival (TIFF).<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://tiff.net/filmsandschedules/tiff/2010/bangbangclub|title=The Bang Bang Club|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.-->|date=2010|work=[[Toronto International Film Festival]]|accessdate=29 September 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101201184524/http://tiff.net/filmsandschedules/tiff/2010/bangbangclub|archivedate=1 December 2010}}</ref><ref name="Evans2010">{{Cite web|url=http://www.digitalhit.com/galleries/38/569/|title=The Bang Bang Club premiere - 35th Toronto International Film Festival|author=Evans|first=Ian|date=2010|work=DigitalHit.com|accessdate=7 April 2012}}</ref> Ntụrụndụ Otu nwere ikike nkesa màkà Canada. Tribeca Film nwetara ikike nkesa America. A tọhapụrụ ya nà US na 22 Eprel 2011. Dị ka The Numbers si kwuo, e gosipụtara ihe nkiri ahụ naanị na ụlọ ihe nkiri itoolu na US ebe ọ nwetara $ 124,791.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.the-numbers.com/movie/Bang-Bang-Club-The|title=The Bang Bang Club (2011)|work=[[The Numbers (website)|The Numbers]]|accessdate=29 September 2019|archivedate=27 July 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200727113203/https://www.the-numbers.com/movie/Bang-Bang-Club-The}}</ref> == Nnakwere == Judith Matloff, onye na-ede akwụkwọ mbà ọzọ na onye na-enye aka na nchịkọta akụkọ na ''Columbia Journalism Review''<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.linkedin.com/in/judith-matloff-26439933/?ppe=1|title=Judith Matloff|work=[[LinkedIn]]|accessdate=29 September 2019}}</ref> kwuru na nyocha ya banyéré ihe nkiri ahụ na ọ bụ "mmepụta Hollywood kachasị ọhụrụ iji nweta ọrụ nke onye na-ese okwu na-ezighi ezi". Matloff dere, sị: "Ma ndị nta akụkọ na ndị na-ese foto nọ na South Africa n'oge ahụ bụkwa ụmụ mmadụ nwere ọmịiko na-etinye onwe ha n'ihe ize ndụ n'ihi na ha chọrọ idekọ akụkọ ihe méré eme. Nke a anaghị eme na fim ahụ. Kama nke ahụ, Silver na-egwuri egwu na Hollywood stereotype nke ndị nta akụkọ dị ka ndị na-enweghị obi. Mgbè ụbọchị ntụrụndụ na-ese foto nke ndị isi ojii na-egbu ibe ha, ụmụ okorobịa ahụ laghachiri n'ógbè ndị ọcha na-eme oriri na ọṅụṅụ nke pụtara na ịwụfu ọbara bụ egwuregwu nye ha. "<ref name="CJR">{{cite magazine |last=Matloff |first=Judith |date=August 2011 |title=Bang Bang Off Target |url=http://archives.cjr.org/review/bang_bang_off_target.php |url-access=registration |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170926100811/http://archives.cjr.org/review/bang_bang_off_target.php |archive-date=26 September 2017 |access-date=29 September 2019 |magazine=[[Columbia Journalism Review]]}}</ref> Matloff so Marinovich rụkọrọ ọrụ ma màrà Silva, ebe ọ bụ onye otu ndị nta akụkọ Johannesburg na mmalite afọ 1990. O dere n'isiokwu ya maka Columbia Journalism Review banyere ahụmịhe ya, "Ihe nkiri ahụ gosipụtara ndị na-ese foto dị ka ndị na-achọ ihe na-enweghị uche, na-eme ka ha banye n'ụlọ akụkọ dị ka kpakpando rock ma na-eso ụmụ ọhụrụ, ógè ha na-agbakọghị n'ụgbọala iji chụ 'Bang Bang' (ihe ike). Na nyocha ya, Matloff kwuru na Marinovich kewapụrụ onwe ya na ihe nkiri ahụ. "Ọ nwere otu áhà mana ọ bụghị otu akụkọ ahụ. Ọ bụghị ndụ m. Anaghị m ahụ onye ahụ dịka m". Miriam Brent na nyocha ya màkà ''The Guardian'' kwuru "N'ụzọ na-ewute, ọ bụ ezie na ihe nkiri ahụ na-ajụ ajụjụ ndị dị mkpà banyere ógè ị ga-etinye igwefoto n'ala, ọ na-ezere ịbanye n'ime nsogbụ omume ndị a na nrụgide mmetụta uche nke ndị na-ese foto agha na-eche ihu. Kama nke ahụ, a na-ewebata anyị n'ụwa testosterone-fuel nke izere mgbọ bụ naanị ụzọ ọzọ isi gbaa ụkwụ tupu oriri amalite. ... Ọ bụ naanị ihe ihere na ihe nkiri a rụzuru anaghị adaba na edemede nke na-eme ka ezi obi ike na ihe ndị na-ese foto agha na-enwu gbaa, dịka ha kwesịrị. "<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/2011/apr/25/bang-bang-club-review|title=The Bang Bang Club – review|author=Brent|first=Miriam|date=25 April 2011|work=[[The Guardian]]|accessdate=29 September 2019}}</ref> ''Bang Bang Club'' nwetara nyocha dị iche iche. {{As of|June 2020}}, ọ nwere ọkwa 49% na Rotten Tomatoes dabere na nyocha irí anọ na asaa, na nkezi nke 5.89/10.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/bang_bang_club/|title=The Bang Bang Club|work=[[Rotten Tomatoes]]|accessdate=1 June 2020}}</ref> == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} * o{{IMDb title|1173687|The Bang Bang Club}} * * mof7wepprx6he3k78zwr6fshwx3czia 0 15294 644323 94528 2026-05-30T21:26:21Z Nachi kim 20090 Fixed reference error 644323 wikitext text/x-wiki  {{Databox}} [[Category:Articles with hCards]] A zụlitere ya na Soweto ruo mgbe ọ dị afọ 20, onye na-eme ihe nkiri bụ [[Moonyeenn Lee]] hụrụ Pheto n'otu ìgwè ihe nkiri na Soweto n'oge usoro ihe nkiri maka ''Tsotsi'' na Presley Chweneyagae.<ref name="CNN">{{Cite news|title=Terry Pheto tells CNN about her journey to success {{!}} Channel|url=https://www.news24.com/Channel/terry-pheto-tells-cnn-about-her-journey-to-success-20171124|publisher=Channel|date=2017-11-24|accessdate=2022-06-06}}</ref> == Ọrụ == Mgbe mbụ ya na ''Tsotsi'' gasịrị, Pheto pụtara na ihe nkiri ndị ọzọ dịka Catch a Fire (2006), ''Goodbye Bafana'' (2007) na How to Steal 2 Million (2012).<ref name="CNN"/> Usoro telivishọn ọ rụrụ gụnyere usoro ihe nkiri SABC1 Justice for All (dịka Lerato), Zone 14 (dịka Pinky Khumba) na Jacob's Cross, dịka Mbali. Pheto rụrụ ọrụ dị mkpa nke Fikile na SABC2 mini-series ''Hopeville'', site n'ọnwa Machị ruo Eprel 2009. E mechara mee usoro ahụ ka ọ bụrụ ihe nkiri na-enweta ihe nrite. N'afọ 2011, mgbe ọ hapụsịrị South Africa iji nwalee ihu ọma ya na Hollywood, ọ nwetara ọrụ ugboro ugboro nke dọkịta na-awa obi, Dr. Malaika Maponya, na ihe nkiri ncha America The Bold and the Beautiful . Ọ bụ isiokwu nke otu ihe omume nke usoro ''ihe'' omume Nicky Greenwall kwadoro The Close Up, nke gosipụtara na e.tv na eNews Channel n'afọ 2012. N'otu afọ ahụ, ọ bụ isiokwu a kpọtụrụ aha na nke mbụ nke oge nke abụọ nke usoro ihe omume SABC1 Play Your Part, nke emere na 9 Julaị 2012. N'afọ 2010 ọ bụ onye ọka ikpe ọbịa na asọmpi SABC1 nke Class Act, na "Film Noir". Ọ rụkwara ọrụ na ihe nkiri The Toilet (nke Bongani Linda duziri) na The Devil's Protest, nke Thulani Didi duziri. N'ọnwa Julaị afọ 2008, ọ rụrụ ọrụ n'ọtụtụ mgbasa ozi na mkpọsa maka L'Oréal. E gosipụtakwara ya n'ọtụtụ magazin, gụnyere Destiny, Vanity Fair, Drum, You/Huisgenoot, ''Y-Magazine'', ''Bona'', Heat, Elle, Cosmopolitan, ''Marie Claire'' na True Love. == Ihe nkiri == * ''Tsotsi'' (2005) * <nowiki><i id="mwUw">Kpatụ Ọkụ</i></nowiki> (2006) * Ụbọchị na abalị (2006) * ''Goodbye Bafana'' (2007) * ''Afrika'' (2008) * Obi Ike na Ịma Mma (2011) * ''Otu esi ezu ohi nde abụọ'' (2012) * ''Mandela'': Long Walk to Freedom (2013) * ''Cuckold'' (2015) * ''United Kingdom'' (2016) * Usoro ihe nkiri ''Madiba'' TV (2017) * ''Gịnị bụ'' The Deal (2018-) == Ndị a nabatara == * Africa Movie Academy Awards maka Best Actress na ọrụ nkwado. * 2012, Golden Horn Award maka onye na-akwado ihe nkiri kachasị mma: ''Otu esi ezu ohi nde abụọ''<ref>{{Cite news|title='How to Steal 2 Million' emerges Africa's best film|url=http://www.africareview.com/Arts+and+Culture/South+African+film+feted+in+Lagos/-/979194/1392664/-/3k9gciz/-/|work=Africa Review|publisher=[[Nation Media Group]]|date=24 April 2012|accessdate=21 November 2012}}</ref> == Edemsibịa == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * {{IMDb name|1965907}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] efu5axggswn7uatyhj9o3tyubbvaj7k 0 15418 644373 93742 2026-05-30T22:13:01Z Sayvhior 13464 /* Akụkọ ndụ */ 644373 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Vera Jackson''' (Julaị 21, 1911 , Janụwarị 26, 1999) bụ "nwaanyị na-ese foto na akwụkwọ akụkọ ojii".<ref name="LASentinel">{{Cite journal|title=Vera Jackson, Teacher, California Eagle Photographer, Dies at 88|journal=Los Angeles Sentinel|date=February 10, 1999}}</ref><ref name="Finkelman">{{Cite book|author=Finkelman|first=Paul|title=Encyclopedia of African American history, 1896 to the present from the age of segregation to the twenty-first century|date=2012|publisher=Oxford University Press|oclc=904531460|url=http://www.worldcat.org/title/encyclopedia-of-african-american-history-1896-to-the-present-from-the-age-of-segregation-to-the-twenty-first-century/oclc/904531460|accessdate=June 24, 2017|language=en}}</ref> O sere foto ndụ ọha na eze nke ndi Afrịka-Amerịka na omenala ndị ama ama na ndị 1930s na 1940s Los Angeles. Ihe ndị a ma ama na-ese foto gụnyere onye na-egwu baseball Jackie Robinson, onye nkuzi Mary McLeod Bethune, na ndị na-eme ihe nkiri Dorothy Dandridge, Hattie McDaniel na Lena Horne.<ref name="Ashe 86-87">{{Cite book|author=Moutoussamy-Ashe|first=Jeanne|title=Viewfinders: Black Women Photographers|date=1993|publisher=Writers & Readers Publ.|isbn=0863161588|pages=86–87|oclc=248680578|url=http://www.worldcat.org/title/viewfinders-black-women-photographers/oclc/248680578|accessdate=June 24, 2017|language=en}}</ref><ref name="Finkelman" /> == Akụkọ ndụ == Jackson bụ onye na-ese foto n'onwe ya na ''California Eagle''. Onye nchịkọta akụkọ Charlotta Bass mechara were ya n'ọrụ dị ka onye na-ese foto ma na-ejikarị ya na onye nchịkọta akụkọ Jessie Mae Brown (mgbe e mesịrị Jessie Brown Beavers) rụọ ọrụ ruo mgbe Brown hapụrụ ''Los Angeles Sentinel''.<ref name="Ashe 86-87">{{Cite book|author=Moutoussamy-Ashe|first=Jeanne|title=Viewfinders: Black Women Photographers|date=1993|publisher=Writers & Readers Publ.|isbn=0863161588|pages=86–87|oclc=248680578|url=http://www.worldcat.org/title/viewfinders-black-women-photographers/oclc/248680578|accessdate=June 24, 2017|language=en}}</ref> Mgbe Jackson hapụrụ ''California Eagle'', ọ nwetara ma B.A. (n'afọ 1952) na Masterz (n'afọ 1954) na agụmakwụkwọ wee ghọọ onye nkuzi nke Los Angeles University School District. Ọ lara ezumike nká mgbe afọ iri abụọ na ise gasịrị.<ref name="LASentinel" /> == Ihe ngosi == {| class="wikitable sortable" !Afọ !Aha ya ! class="unsortable" |Ebe ! class="unsortable" |Ihe edeturu |- |2000 |Nnukwu Mbufe: Ọganihu nke Nkà nke Africa America, 1790-1945 |Taft Museum of Art, Cincinnati, OH |Akụkụ iri anọ na itoolu na ngosipụta otu gụnyere ọrụ Vera Jackson, Mary Edmonia Lewis, Geneva Higgins McGee, James Presley Ball, Jr., Edward Bannister, Romare Bearden, Eldzier Cortor, [[Jacob Lawrence]], Hughie Lee-Smith, Norman Lewis, Gordon Parks, Marion Perkins, Elijah Pierce, Horace Pippin, Henry Ossawa Tanner, Dox Thrash, na James Van Der Zee.<ref name="AAVAD.COM on WaybackMachine" /><ref>{{Cite book|author=Hampton|first=R. Kumasi|title=The great migration: the evolution of African American art, 1790-1945|url=https://www.worldcat.org/title/great-migration-the-evolution-of-african-american-art-1790-1945/oclc/681185840|publisher=Taft Museum of Art|accessdate=15 November 2021|language=English|date=2000|oclc=681185840}}</ref> |- |1997 |Akụkọ Ihe Mere Eme nke Ndị Nwanyị Na-ese Foto |Ebe ndị a gụnyere Stephen Schwartzman Gallery, New York Public Library, Akron Art Museum, Santa Barbara Art Museum, National Museum of Women in the Arts, Washington DC. |Ihe ngosi buru ibu nke mbụ na-egosi ihe ụmụ nwanyị rụzuru na foto. Ọrụ sitere n'aka ụmụ nwanyị 219 na-ese foto. Foto Vera Jackson na-egosi ngagharị iwe maka ihe ndị ruuru mmadụ na 1948.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Goldberg|first=Vicki|title=Women Get a Place in the Big Picture|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1996/11/08/arts/women-get-a-place-in-the-big-picture.html|accessdate=15 November 2021|work=The New York Times|date=8 November 1996}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|title=The tradition continues: California Black photographers, November 10, 1983-January 16, 1984.|url=https://www.worldcat.org/title/tradition-continues-california-black-photographers-november-10-1983-january-16-1984/oclc/16127382|publisher=California Museum of Afro-American History and Culture|accessdate=15 November 2021|language=English|date=1983|oclc=16127382}}</ref> |- |1983 |Omenala ahụ na-aga n'ihu: Ndị na-ese foto ojii nke California |California African American Museum (dị ka Museum of Afro-American History and Culture), Los Angeles, CA. |Ihe ngosi gosipụtara ọrụ Vera Jackson, Harry Adams, Fred Cooper, Jack Davis, Bill Doggett, Gil Garner, na Howard Lee Morehead. Ndepụta peeji 38 na ederede Lonnie G. Bunche na Roland Charles.<ref name="AAVAD.COM on WaybackMachine">{{Cite web|title=Jackson, Vera Ruth|url=http://216.197.120.164/artistbibliog.cfm?id=2501|work=AAVAD.COM|accessdate=15 November 2021|date=28 February 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210228013945/http://216.197.120.164/artistbibliog.cfm?id=2501|archivedate=2021-02-28}}</ref> |- |} == Nchịkọta == * Akron Art Museum A na-etinye foto Vera Jackson na ihe ngosi Akron Artuseum A History of Women Photographers.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Collection - Akron Art Museum, Vera Jackson|url=https://akronartmuseum.org/collection/Art888?sid=290&x=3419681&port=194|work=akronartmuseum.org|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=Goldberg|first=Vicki|title=Women Get a Place in the Big Picture|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1996/11/08/arts/women-get-a-place-in-the-big-picture.html|work=The New York Times|accessdate=June 24, 2017|date=8 November 1996}}</ref> * Charlotta Bass & California Eagle Photograph Collection, 1870-1960, USC<ref>{{Cite web|title=Charlotta Bass / California Eagle Photograph Collection, 1870-1960|url=http://digitallibrary.usc.edu/cdm/search/searchterm/%22jackson%20vera%22/collection/p15799coll102|work=USC Digital Library|accessdate=June 24, 2017}}</ref> {{Reflist}} 1fe566er5uko0c8hpg7r9tkxv5ltp98 644374 644373 2026-05-30T22:13:32Z Sayvhior 13464 /* Nchịkọta */ 644374 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Vera Jackson''' (Julaị 21, 1911 , Janụwarị 26, 1999) bụ "nwaanyị na-ese foto na akwụkwọ akụkọ ojii".<ref name="LASentinel">{{Cite journal|title=Vera Jackson, Teacher, California Eagle Photographer, Dies at 88|journal=Los Angeles Sentinel|date=February 10, 1999}}</ref><ref name="Finkelman">{{Cite book|author=Finkelman|first=Paul|title=Encyclopedia of African American history, 1896 to the present from the age of segregation to the twenty-first century|date=2012|publisher=Oxford University Press|oclc=904531460|url=http://www.worldcat.org/title/encyclopedia-of-african-american-history-1896-to-the-present-from-the-age-of-segregation-to-the-twenty-first-century/oclc/904531460|accessdate=June 24, 2017|language=en}}</ref> O sere foto ndụ ọha na eze nke ndi Afrịka-Amerịka na omenala ndị ama ama na ndị 1930s na 1940s Los Angeles. Ihe ndị a ma ama na-ese foto gụnyere onye na-egwu baseball Jackie Robinson, onye nkuzi Mary McLeod Bethune, na ndị na-eme ihe nkiri Dorothy Dandridge, Hattie McDaniel na Lena Horne.<ref name="Ashe 86-87">{{Cite book|author=Moutoussamy-Ashe|first=Jeanne|title=Viewfinders: Black Women Photographers|date=1993|publisher=Writers & Readers Publ.|isbn=0863161588|pages=86–87|oclc=248680578|url=http://www.worldcat.org/title/viewfinders-black-women-photographers/oclc/248680578|accessdate=June 24, 2017|language=en}}</ref><ref name="Finkelman" /> == Akụkọ ndụ == Jackson bụ onye na-ese foto n'onwe ya na ''California Eagle''. Onye nchịkọta akụkọ Charlotta Bass mechara were ya n'ọrụ dị ka onye na-ese foto ma na-ejikarị ya na onye nchịkọta akụkọ Jessie Mae Brown (mgbe e mesịrị Jessie Brown Beavers) rụọ ọrụ ruo mgbe Brown hapụrụ ''Los Angeles Sentinel''.<ref name="Ashe 86-87">{{Cite book|author=Moutoussamy-Ashe|first=Jeanne|title=Viewfinders: Black Women Photographers|date=1993|publisher=Writers & Readers Publ.|isbn=0863161588|pages=86–87|oclc=248680578|url=http://www.worldcat.org/title/viewfinders-black-women-photographers/oclc/248680578|accessdate=June 24, 2017|language=en}}</ref> Mgbe Jackson hapụrụ ''California Eagle'', ọ nwetara ma B.A. (n'afọ 1952) na Masterz (n'afọ 1954) na agụmakwụkwọ wee ghọọ onye nkuzi nke Los Angeles University School District. Ọ lara ezumike nká mgbe afọ iri abụọ na ise gasịrị.<ref name="LASentinel" /> == Ihe ngosi == {| class="wikitable sortable" !Afọ !Aha ya ! class="unsortable" |Ebe ! class="unsortable" |Ihe edeturu |- |2000 |Nnukwu Mbufe: Ọganihu nke Nkà nke Africa America, 1790-1945 |Taft Museum of Art, Cincinnati, OH |Akụkụ iri anọ na itoolu na ngosipụta otu gụnyere ọrụ Vera Jackson, Mary Edmonia Lewis, Geneva Higgins McGee, James Presley Ball, Jr., Edward Bannister, Romare Bearden, Eldzier Cortor, [[Jacob Lawrence]], Hughie Lee-Smith, Norman Lewis, Gordon Parks, Marion Perkins, Elijah Pierce, Horace Pippin, Henry Ossawa Tanner, Dox Thrash, na James Van Der Zee.<ref name="AAVAD.COM on WaybackMachine" /><ref>{{Cite book|author=Hampton|first=R. Kumasi|title=The great migration: the evolution of African American art, 1790-1945|url=https://www.worldcat.org/title/great-migration-the-evolution-of-african-american-art-1790-1945/oclc/681185840|publisher=Taft Museum of Art|accessdate=15 November 2021|language=English|date=2000|oclc=681185840}}</ref> |- |1997 |Akụkọ Ihe Mere Eme nke Ndị Nwanyị Na-ese Foto |Ebe ndị a gụnyere Stephen Schwartzman Gallery, New York Public Library, Akron Art Museum, Santa Barbara Art Museum, National Museum of Women in the Arts, Washington DC. |Ihe ngosi buru ibu nke mbụ na-egosi ihe ụmụ nwanyị rụzuru na foto. Ọrụ sitere n'aka ụmụ nwanyị 219 na-ese foto. Foto Vera Jackson na-egosi ngagharị iwe maka ihe ndị ruuru mmadụ na 1948.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Goldberg|first=Vicki|title=Women Get a Place in the Big Picture|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1996/11/08/arts/women-get-a-place-in-the-big-picture.html|accessdate=15 November 2021|work=The New York Times|date=8 November 1996}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|title=The tradition continues: California Black photographers, November 10, 1983-January 16, 1984.|url=https://www.worldcat.org/title/tradition-continues-california-black-photographers-november-10-1983-january-16-1984/oclc/16127382|publisher=California Museum of Afro-American History and Culture|accessdate=15 November 2021|language=English|date=1983|oclc=16127382}}</ref> |- |1983 |Omenala ahụ na-aga n'ihu: Ndị na-ese foto ojii nke California |California African American Museum (dị ka Museum of Afro-American History and Culture), Los Angeles, CA. |Ihe ngosi gosipụtara ọrụ Vera Jackson, Harry Adams, Fred Cooper, Jack Davis, Bill Doggett, Gil Garner, na Howard Lee Morehead. Ndepụta peeji 38 na ederede Lonnie G. Bunche na Roland Charles.<ref name="AAVAD.COM on WaybackMachine">{{Cite web|title=Jackson, Vera Ruth|url=http://216.197.120.164/artistbibliog.cfm?id=2501|work=AAVAD.COM|accessdate=15 November 2021|date=28 February 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210228013945/http://216.197.120.164/artistbibliog.cfm?id=2501|archivedate=2021-02-28}}</ref> |- |} == Nchịkọta == * Akron Art Museum A na-etinye foto Vera Jackson na ihe ngosi Akron Artuseum A History of Women Photographers.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Collection - Akron Art Museum, Vera Jackson|url=https://akronartmuseum.org/collection/Art888?sid=290&x=3419681&port=194|work=akronartmuseum.org|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=Goldberg|first=Vicki|title=Women Get a Place in the Big Picture|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1996/11/08/arts/women-get-a-place-in-the-big-picture.html|work=The New York Times|accessdate=June 24, 2017|date=8 November 1996}}</ref> * Charlotta Bass & California Eagle Photograph Collection, 1870-1960, USC<ref>{{Cite web|title=Charlotta Bass / California Eagle Photograph Collection, 1870-1960|url=http://digitallibrary.usc.edu/cdm/search/searchterm/%22jackson%20vera%22/collection/p15799coll102|work=USC Digital Library|accessdate=June 24, 2017}}</ref> ==Edensibia== {{Reflist}} axgo6jsl6fuz4lsduraapb3nhefhifp 0 15424 643984 541075 2026-05-30T13:01:49Z Philip Emeka 16124 fixed reference errors 643984 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Category:Articles with hCards]] '''Trix Vivier''' (a mụrụ na 28 June 1988) bụ onye na-eme ihe nkiri, telivishọn na ihe nkiri South Africa, onye a maara maka igosipụta ọrụ Flea van Jaarsveld na usoro telivisheneng nke 2019 Trackers, nke o nwetara ama ama na nkwado mba, yana maka ọrụ ya dịka Kate Myburgh na kykNet na Showmax na-emepụta Waterfront. Ọrụ mbụ ya bụ nke Vicky Ferreira na usoro ''ndị'' ntorobịa kykNET Sterlopers . Vivier gosipụtara ọrụ a site n'afọ 2014 na 2016 n'ime oge abụọ. Vivier sonyeere ndị isi nke usoro TV Legacy, maka oge mbụ dịka otu n'ime ndị isi nwanyị, Petra Potgieter, n'afọ 2020. == Mmalite ndụ == A mụrụ Vivier na Melkbosstrand, Cape Town, nne ya Adri Vivier, onye nkuzi na nna ya Pieter Vivier, bụ onye ọkàiwu zụlitere ya. Vivier si n'agbụrụ Afrikaans ma nwee ụmụnne atọ. Nwanne ya nwanyị nke obere Lea Vivier bụkwa onye na-eme ihe nkiri. Nne na nna ya chọpụtara ma gbaa ya ume ka ọ na-enwe mmasị n'ihe nkiri site na nwata ma o mere ihe nkiri mbụ ya mgbe ọ dị afọ 15 na Annie Get Your Gun (Gilbert and Sullivan Society, 2004) na mgbe ọ dị dingwaga 16 na Die Ander Marta (KKNK, Baxter Theatre 2005) Vivier Matriculated na Jan van Riebeeck High School wee gaa n'ihu na-amụ ma gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Waterfront Theater School na Cape Town n'afọ 2009. == Ọrụ == [[Usòrò:Trix-Vivier.jpg|thumb|350x350px|Trix Vivier (n'aka ekpe) na ndị na-eme ihe nkiri nke Trackers na onye isi na ihe ngosi ahụ.]] Ọrụ ihe nkiri mbụ Vivier kwụrụ ụgwọ bụ nke Pippi na mmepụta ihe nkiri National Children's Theater nke ''Pippi Longstocking'' (2009) Ọ gara n'ihu na-arụ ọrụ dịka onye na-agba egwu na onye na-eme ihe nkiri site n'afọ 2009 ruo 2013 na-eme n'egwuregwu dịka Reza de Wet's ''MIS'', ihe nkiri ihe nkiri agụmakwụkwọ ma na mpaghara ma na mba ofesi na ọtụtụ Children's Theater Productions tupu ọ banye ọrụ telivishọn mbụ ya na usoro ihe nkiri ''ndị'' ntorobịa nke kykNET Sterlopers (2013 化 2016).<ref>{{Cite web|archiveurl=https://ghostarchive.org/iarchive/facebook/1968249653400794/2016997158526043|archivedate=2022-04-30|url=https://www.facebook.com/andrestolzproductions/photos/mis-deur-reza-de-wet-naledi-theatre-awards-2016-beste-produksie-vir-jeug-nominas/2016997158526043/|title=Andre Stolz Productions on Facebook|work=[[Facebook]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.artlink.co.za/news_article.htm?contentID=34782|title=Artslink.co.za - It's Your Life - Aids programme with NCT|accessdate=2022-06-17|archivedate=2021-11-13|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211113143013/https://www.artlink.co.za/news_article.htm?contentID=34782}}</ref><ref name="apm.co.za">{{Cite web|url=https://www.apm.co.za/artiste/trix-vivier-836/|title=APM}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.artlink.co.za/news_article.htm?contentID=31147|title=Artslink.co.za - Peter Rabbit enthrals yet another generation|accessdate=2022-06-17|archivedate=2021-11-13|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211113143013/https://www.artlink.co.za/news_article.htm?contentID=31147}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://issuu.com/innercitygazette/docs/gazette13_september2_web|title=Inner City Gazette|accessdate=2022-06-17|archivedate=2021-11-13|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211113143010/https://issuu.com/innercitygazette/docs/gazette13_september2_web}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.artlink.co.za/news_article.htm?contentID=31100|title=Artslink.co.za - Peter Rabbit and other Tales|accessdate=2022-06-17|archivedate=2021-11-13|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211113143015/https://www.artlink.co.za/news_article.htm?contentID=31100}}</ref><ref name="apm.co.za" /><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.netwerk24.com/huisgenoot/Nuus/nuwe-sa-ster-bieg-ek-was-n-pynlike-presteerder-20171103|title=Nuwe SA ster bieg: 'Ek was 'n pynlike presteerder'}}</ref> O mechara gaa n'ihu na-egosipụta ọrụ ndu na usoro telivishọn dịka Trackers .<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://stories.showmax.com/whos-who-in-trackers/|title=Who's who in Trackers|date=22 October 2019|accessdate=17 June 2022|archivedate=28 September 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200928015628/https://stories.showmax.com/whos-who-in-trackers/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://itmunch.com/warnermedias-latest-streaming-service-hbo-max-appears-youtube-tv-along-hbo-cinemax/|title=WarnerMedia's latest streaming service HBO Max appears on YouTube TV, along with HBO & Cinemax|publisher=iTMunch|date=24 February 2020|accessdate=2022-05-06|archivedate=2021-03-01|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210301154511/https://itmunch.com/warnermedias-latest-streaming-service-hbo-max-appears-youtube-tv-along-hbo-cinemax/}}</ref> == Ihe nkiri == {| class="wikitable" |+ !Aha ya !Ọrụ !Afọ !Ụdị !Ihe edeturu |- |''Fynskrif'' [ihe e dere n'ala] |Bianca |2018 China 2020 |Usoro |Oge 1 na 3 |- |American Monster [ihe e dere n'ala] |Rebecca Fenton |2019 |Usoro |Oge nke 4 |- |''Projek Dina''<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.son.co.za/Alles-wat-mal-is/Gossip/nuwe-reeks-projek-dina-beloof-lekker-baie-drama-20191205|title=Archived copy|accessdate=1 March 2021|archivedate=6 December 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20191206142643/https://www.son.co.za/Alles-wat-mal-is/Gossip/nuwe-reeks-projek-dina-beloof-lekker-baie-drama-20191205}}</ref> |Megan |2019 |Usoro | |- |Die Spreeus [ehota ihe dị mkpa] |Anita Erasmus |2019 |Usoro | |- |''Osimiri'' |Kate Myburgh |2017 |Usoro | |- |''Die Boekklub 2'' [ihe odide dị mkpa] |Jana |2017 |Usoro | |- |''Die Boland Moorde 2'' [ihe odide dị mkpa] |Isabel |2016 |Usoro | |- |''Laan nke asaa''<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.netwerk24.com/huisgenoot/Vir-die-lekker/TV/hokaai-sorg-trix-vivier-vir-nog-drama-in-7de-laan-20180817|title=Hokaai! Sorg Trix Vivier vir nóg drama in 7de Laan?}}</ref> |Tineke |2018 |Usoro | |- |''Suidooster'' [citation needed] |Yolandi |2018 |Usoro | |- |Cowboy Dan [ihe e dere n'akwụkwọ] |Joline |2018 |Ihe nkiri dị mkpirikpi | |- |Versnel [ihe e dere n'ala] |Nadia |2017 |Ihe nkiri dị mkpirikpi | |- |''Van der Merwe''<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.atlanticsun.co.za/news/sky-is-the-limit-for-vredehoek-actress-10723694|title=Sky is the limit for Vredehoek actress|date=10 August 2017|accessdate=17 June 2022|archivedate=21 February 2024|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240221094149/https://www.atlanticsun.co.za/news/sky-is-the-limit-for-vredehoek-actress}}</ref> |Onye na-anabata ndị ọbịa |2017 |Ihe nkiri | |- |The Dating Game Killer [ihe odide dị mkpa] |Enyi Susan |2017 |Ihe nkiri TV | |- |''Ihe Nketa'' |Petra Potgieter |2020-2021 |Usoro | |- |''Ndị na-agba ọsọ'' |Akpịrịkpa |2019 |Usoro | |} == Ịgụ ihe ọzọ == * https://www.pressreader.com/south-africa/rooi-rose/20190101/281775630215840 * https://www.pressreader.com/south-africa/huisgenoot/20191121/283893049859680 * https://www.vrouekeur.co.za/bekendes/10-vrae-aan-trix-vivier * https://web.archive.org/web/20191220144231/https://stories.showmax.com/deon-meyers-trackers-is-top-on-showmax/ * [https://www.netwerk24.com/huisgenoot/Bekendes/lea-trix-en-moeder-adri-ma-en-dogters-bekoor-sa-op-tv-20210219 https://www. Florida24.com/huisgenoot/Bekendes/lea-trix-en-moeder-adri-ma-en-dogters-bekoor-sa-op-tv-20210219] == Edemsibịa == {{Reflist| <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.news24.com/life/new-local-series-explores-a-dark-side-to-the-waterfront-20171002|title=New local series explores a dark side to the Waterfront|website=Life}}</ref> <ref name="latimes">{{cite web|url=https://www.latimes.com/entertainment-arts/tv/story/2020-06-11/whats-on-tv-friday-trackers-on-cinemax-coronavirus|title = What's on TV Friday: 'Trackers' on Cinemax; coronavirus|website = [[Los Angeles Times]]|date = 12 June 2020}} <ref name="iol">{{cite web|url=https://www.iol.co.za/entertainment/tv/local/all-the-glitz-and-glam-at-the-premiere-of-trackers-35271166|title = All the glitz and glam at the premiere of 'Trackers'}}</ref> <ref name="vrouekeur">{{In lang|af}} https://www.pressreader.com/south-africa/vrouekeur/20191101/281556587600088</ref> <ref name="m-net">{{cite web|url=https://m-net.dstv.com/show/trackers/characters/cornel-flea-van-jaarsveld/profile|title=M-Net}}</ref> <ref name="netwerk24-20171103">{{In lang|af}} https://www.netwerk24.com/huisgenoot/Nuus/nuwe-sa-ster-bieg-ek-was-n-pynlike-presteerder-20171103</ref> <!-- paywalled --> <ref name="showmax-waterfront">{{cite web|url = https://stories.showmax.com/va-waterfront-finally-gets-series/|title = The V&A Waterfront finally gets its own series|date = 19 September 2017|accessdate = 17 June 2022|archivedate = 21 February 2024|archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20240221094111/https://stories.showmax.com/za/va-waterfront-finally-gets-series}}</ref> <ref name="netwerk24-20171019">{{In lang|af}} https://www.netwerk24.com/Vermaak/Tv/sy-doen-dit-al-van-kleins-af-20171019</ref> <!-- paywalled --> <ref name="tvsa-16646">{{cite web|url=https://www.tvsa.co.za/actors/viewactor.aspx?actorid=16646|title = Trix Vivier &#124; TVSA}}</ref> <ref name="tvsa-2260">{{cite web|url=https://www.tvsa.co.za/shows/viewshowcast.aspx?showid=2260&amp;season=2|title = Sterlopers &#124; Starring Cast &#124; TVSA}}</ref> <ref name="iol-legacy">{{cite web|url=https://www.iol.co.za/entertainment/tv/local/trix-vivier-is-proud-of-legacy-despite-covid-19-challenges-b63e3710-5e41-41d2-b681-7a14bcfbd466|title = Trix Vivier is proud of 'Legacy' despite Covid-19 challenges}}</ref> <ref name="stageandscreen.co.za">{{cite web|url=https://www.stageandscreen.co.za/legacy-potgieters/|title=Legacy: The Modest Family &#124; Stage and Screen|date=22 June 2020}}</ref> <ref name="netwerk24-legacy">{{In lang|af}} https://www.netwerk24.com/huisgenoot/Bekendes/lea-trix-en-moeder-adri-ma-en-dogters-bekoor-sa-op-tv-20210219</ref> <!-- paywalled --> <ref name="pressreader-283347589536278">{{In lang|af}} https://www.pressreader.com/south-africa/sarie/20200901/283347589536278</ref> <ref name="netwerk24-20191115">{{In lang|af}} https://www.netwerk24.com/huisgenoot/Bekendes/hg-kuier-by-2-stersussies-fynskrif-se-lea-en-trackers-se-trix-20191115</ref> <!-- paywalled --> <ref name="iol-923460">{{cite web|url=https://www.iol.co.za/entertainment/whats-on/cape-town/annie-get-your-gun-at-artscape-923460|title = Annie Get Your Gun at Artscape}}</ref> <ref name="iol-927127">{{cite web|url=https://www.iol.co.za/entertainment/whats-on/cape-town/abused-woman-play-to-preview-at-bat-927127|title = Abused-woman play to preview at BAT}}</ref> <ref name="jvralumni.co.za">https://web.archive.org/web/20180902211524/http://jvralumni.co.za/downloads/JvR%20Alumni%20Nuusbrokkies%202de%20Uigawe%20Oktober%202017%20.pdf {{Bare URL PDF|date=March 2022}}</ref> <ref name="janvanriebeeck.co.za-kultuur">{{cite web|url=https://janvanriebeeck.co.za/kultuur/ |title=Kultuur &#124; Hoërskool Jan van Riebeeck |publisher=Janvanriebeeck.co.za |date= |accessdate=2022-05-06}}</ref> <ref name="wts-prospectus">https://f24c9a80-dbdd-4c88-89be-1182fab6ac8c.filesusr.com/ugd/03b688_ee7efc92aa094fd5a5ba3c88c3a37745.pdf {{Bare URL PDF|date=March 2022}}</ref> <ref name="artlink-7889">[https://www.artlink.co.za/news_article.htm?contentID=7889 ]{{dead link|date=May 2022}}</ref> <ref name="joburg-pippi">{{cite web|url=https://www.joburg.org.za/media_/Newsroom/Pages/2013%20articles/2011%20&%202012%20%20Articles/Pippi-to-delight-children.aspx |title=Pippi to delight children |publisher=Joburg.org.za |date= |accessdate=2022-05-06}}</ref>}} == Njikọ mpụga == * https://www.imdb.com/name/nm6366742/ * https://www.apm.co.za/artiste/trix-vivier-836/ * https://www.instagram.com/trixvivier [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] jnnwhvg8hdkqfm35i1dxa3407xs6ghu 0 15998 644247 149781 2026-05-30T19:47:59Z Wikipedian12512(alt) 61413 ce 644247 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Elmer William Brown''' (1909 rụo ụbọchị irí atọ n'ọnwa Mee, 1971) bụ onye Africa-America na-ese ihe. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ n'ọtụtụ usoro, gụnyere eserese, óbìbì akwụkwọ, murals, imepụta ihe nkiri, ceramics, na enameling. == Akụkọ ndụ == A mụrụ Elmer Brown na Pittsburgh, [[Pensílvéníyạ|Pennsylvania]] mà gaa ụlọ akwụkwọ na Columbus, Ohio. Ọ kwagara Cleveland, [[Ohaïyo|Ohio]] na 1929, mgbè ọ dị afọ iri abụo, ya na ónyé na-ese ihe Paul Travis na-amụ ihe na Cleveland School of Art . N'oge na-adịghị ányá mgbè ọ bịarutere Cleveland, ọ sonyeere Karamu House, ebe ya na Langston Hughes ghọrọ enyi. O nyèrè aka na mmepụta nke egwuregwu Hughes na Karamu House, ma mepụta ihe osise màkà ụlọ ezumike n'ebe ahụ. O gosipụtara ihe osise na ihe ngosi mbà ụwa na New York City na Philadelphia, ma gosipụta ọrụ ọtụtụ ugboro na Cleveland Museum of Art's May Show. Ọrụ Brown a kacha màrà amara bụ murals ya nke Works Progress Administration. N'afọ 1940, o sere ihe osise abụọ a maara dị ka Cleveland Past na Cleveland Present màkà ọrụ Valleyview Homes nke ''Cleveland'' Metropolitan Housing Authority na mpaghara Tremont nke Cleveland. Mgbè e bibiri ihe owuwu ahụ na 2005, Intermuseum Conservation Association wepụrụ ma weghachite ihe osise ahụ, na 2010, e weghachiri ya n'ụlọ oriri na ọṅụṅụ na Mahadum Steeti Cleveland. A kwụnyere ihe ndị ọzọ na Tremont Pointe, nke CMHA nọchiri Valleyview Homes. N'afọ 1942, o mepụtara ihe osise màkà City Club nke Cleveland nke akpọrọ Freedom of Speech . Ihe osise ahụ dị mita irí abụọ na abụọ (6.7 ) site na mita irí na otu (3.4 m), nke sitere n'ike mmụọ nsọ nke ọrụ Diego Rivera na ndị ọzọ na-ese ihe na Mexico, gosipụtara ndị ikom nwere ike na akwụkwọ dị mkpa nke nnwere onwé, gụnyere Magna Carta, United States Bill of Rights, United States Declaration of Independence na United States Constitution. A kwagara ya ọtụtụ ugboro mgbè City Club kwagara ebe ọhụrụ, otu ndị otu nke Gail Berg nke Berg na Associates duziri weghachiri ya. Brown ghọrọ onye Africa America mbụ na-ese ihe osise na American Greetings na 1953, ọ rụkwara ọrụ n'ebe ahụ afọ irí na asatọ. Ọ kụzikwaara na Cooper School of Art na Cleveland. N'afọ 1971, ọ nwụrụ na Cleveland Clinic mgbè ọ rịasịrị ọrịa ogologo ógè. Nwunye ya, Anna V. Brown, hapụrụ ya, e lie ya na Martha's Vineyard. == Hụkwa == * Ndepụta nke ndị na-ese ihe nkiri African-American. == Edensibia == {{Reflist|30em|refs=<ref name="call and post">{{cite news |title=Elmer W. Brown, American Greetings Artist, Dies |work=[[Call and Post]] |date=1971-06-05 |location=Cleveland, Ohio}}</ref> <ref name="city club">{{cite web |title='Freedom of Speech' Mural |url=https://www.cityclub.org/about/murals |publisher=[[City Club of Cleveland]] |accessdate=2019-01-21}}</ref> <ref name="cleveland.com">{{cite news |first=Brie |last=Zeltner |title=Artist Elmer Brown created murals and greeting cards: Black History Month |url=http://blog.cleveland.com/metro/2012/02/artist_elmer_brown_created_mur.html |work=[[The Plain Dealer]] |date=2012-02-18 |accessdate=2019-01-21}}</ref> <ref name="ica">{{cite web |title=Present History |url=http://www.ica-artconservation.org/silent_treatment/present-history-csu/ |publisher=[[Intermuseum Conservation Association]] |accessdate=2019-01-21 |archivedate=2019-01-22 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190122100112/http://www.ica-artconservation.org/silent_treatment/present-history-csu/ }}</ref> <ref name="ica 2010">{{cite web |title=Mural Installation of Cleveland Artist Elmer Brown Completed |url=http://www.ica-artconservation.org/elmer-brown/ |publisher=[[Intermuseum Conservation Association]] |date=2010-10-01 |accessdate=2019-01-21 |archivedate=2019-01-22 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190122044428/http://www.ica-artconservation.org/elmer-brown/ }}</ref> <ref name="ksl">{{cite web |title=African American Artists in the WPA Collection |publisher=Special Collections Research Center, Kelvin Smith Library, [[Case Western Reserve University]] |url=http://library.case.edu/ksl/collections/special/wpa/africanamer.html |accessdate=2019-01-21}}</ref> <ref name="may show">{{cite web |title=May Show Database: Brown, Elmer W. |url=http://library.clevelandart.org/may-show/artists/brown-elmer-w |publisher=[[Cleveland Museum of Art]] |accessdate=2019-01-21 |archivedate=2019-01-22 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190122044029/http://library.clevelandart.org/may-show/artists/brown-elmer-w }}</ref> <ref name="pd 1942">{{cite news |title=Among the Artists and the Exhibitors |work=[[The Plain Dealer]] |date=1942-11-15}}</ref> <ref name="pd obit">{{cite news |title=Elmer W. Brown Dies; Artist for Firm Here |work=[[The Plain Dealer]] |date=1971-06-02}}</ref> <ref name="press 1942">{{cite news |title=Negro Artist Paints Mural of Freedom for City Club |work=[[Cleveland Press]] |date=1942-04-23 |location=Cleveland, Ohio}}</ref> <ref name="press obit">{{cite news |title=Elmer W. Brown, artist, is dead at 61 |work=[[Cleveland Press]] |date=1971-06-01}}</ref>}} cegyd9hto31umludfgtilil4na6hy94 0 16063 644086 94862 2026-05-30T15:35:55Z Geraldine Kene 23189 Fixed reference error 644086 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Zakia Tahri''', nke a makwaara dịka '''Zakia Bouchaâla''' (a mụrụ n'afọ 1963) bụ onye na-eme ihe nkiri na onye na-ese ihe nkiri na France nke si mba Morocco.<ref name="Armes2008">{{Cite book|author=Roy Armes|title=Dictionary of African Filmmakers|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=88sTRTl6yKwC&pg=PA48|year=2008|publisher=Indiana University Press|isbn=0-253-35116-2|chapter=Bouchaâla, Zakia}}</ref> == Ndụ == A mụrụ Zakia Tahiri na Lille.<ref name=" /> Ọ rụrụ ọrụ na ihe nkiri agha French ''Fort Saganne'' (1984), ma mee ka onye dike na Farida Benlyazid's acclaimed Une porte sur la ciel (1987). O nwekwara ọrụ dị mkpa na ihe nkiri Moroccan nke Abderrahmane Tazi bụ ''Badis'' (1989) na A la recherche du mari de ma femme (1993).<ref name="Orlando2011" /> Di ya bụ onye Algeria na-eme ihe nkiri Ahmed Bouchaâla . O so dee ihe nkiri mbụ nke Bouchaâla bụ ''Krim'' (1995) ma soro duzie ihe nkiri nke abụọ ya, Origine contrôlée (2001). Ha abụọ rụkọkwara ọrụ n'ide ihe nkiri Moroccan mbụ nke Abdelhai Laraki, ''Mona Saber'' (2001).<ref name="Armes2008" /> Ihe nkiri na-atọ ọchị nke Zakia Tahri n'afọ 2009 Number One nyochara mmekọrịta nwoke na nwanyị, ọkachasị arụmọrụ ''nke'' nwoke, na mba Morocco mgbe Moudawana gbanwere.<ref>Jimia Boutouba, [https://muse.jhu.edu/article/539147/pdf The Moudawana Syndrome: Gender Trouble in Contemporary Morocco], ''Research in African Literatures'', Vol. 45, No. 1, Spring 2014, pp.24-38.</ref><ref name="Orlando2011">{{Cite book|author=Valérie K. Orlando|title=Screening Morocco: Contemporary Film in a Changing Society|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gPRHBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA149|year=2011|publisher=Ohio University Press|isbn=978-0-89680-478-4|pages=149–51}}<cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFValérie_K._Orlando2011">Valérie K. Orlando (2011). [https://books.google.com/books?id=gPRHBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA149 ''Screening Morocco: Contemporary Film in a Changing Society'']. Ohio University Press. pp.&nbsp;149–51. [[ISBN (onye njirimara)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Ihe pụrụ iche:BookSources/978-0-89680-478-4|<bdi>978-0-89680-478-4</bdi>]].</cite></ref> == Ihe nkiri == ; Dịka edere ; (ya na Ahmed Bouchaâla) ''Krim'' (1995), dir, nke Ahmed Bouchaôla * (ya na Ahmed Bouchaâla) ''Mona Saber'' (2001), nke Abdelhai Laraki duziri ; dịka onye nduzi * (ya na Ahmed Bouchaâla) Origine contrôlée / Made in France, 2001 * ''Nke Mbụ'', 2009 * (ya na Ahmed Bouchaâla) ''Marh'ba'', 2011 == Edemsibịa == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * {{IMDb name|nm0098868}} {{Authority control}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] g03avg368w3imesze8mo42hnfist3ik 0 16247 644145 88179 2026-05-30T17:41:13Z Goodymeraj 16207 644145 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Elizabeth Cudjoe''' (amụrụ n'abalị iri na asaa n'ọnwa Ọktoba n'afọ 1992) bụ onye Ghana na-agba bọọlụ nke na-agba ọsọ maka otu egwuregwu bọọlụ ụmụ nwanyị nke mba Ghana.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.fifa.com/fifa-tournaments/players-coaches/people=300585/index.html|title=Archived copy|work=www.fifa.com|accessdate=13 January 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151120083900/http://www.fifa.com/fifa-tournaments/players-coaches/people=300585/index.html|archivedate=20 November 2015}}</ref> O mere nke mbụ ya na mba ụwa na FIFA U-17 Women's World Cup New Zealand 2008. Ọ bụ otu n'ime ndị otu mba dị elu na 2011 All-Africa Games ebe ọ gbara Algeria na 2014 African Women's Championship. Na klọb, ọ gbara bọọlụ maka Hasaacas Ladies na Ghana.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ghanafa.org/pages/blackqueens/201409/9863.php|title=Black Queens name final 21 for AWC|date=27 September 2014|work=ghanafa.org|accessdate=26 October 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161027060544/http://www.ghanafa.org/pages/blackqueens/201409/9863.php|archivedate=27 October 2016}}</ref> == Ihe odide == <references /> == Njikọ mpụga == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20151120083900/http://www.fifa.com/fifa-tournaments/players-coaches/people=300585/index.html Profaịlụ FIFA] {{DEFAULTSORT:Kudjoe, Elizabeth}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] gug6qbq8hnbwfozphzxdwfmu03vcbgz 644546 644145 2026-05-31T06:41:06Z King ChristLike 13051 644546 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Elizabeth Cudjoe''' (amụrụ n'abalị iri na asaa n'ọnwa Ọktoba n'afọ 1992) bụ onye Ghana na-agba bọọlụ nke na-agba ọsọ maka otu egwuregwu bọọlụ ụmụ nwanyị nke mba Ghana.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.fifa.com/fifa-tournaments/players-coaches/people=300585/index.html|title=Archived copy|work=www.fifa.com|accessdate=13 January 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151120083900/http://www.fifa.com/fifa-tournaments/players-coaches/people=300585/index.html|archivedate=20 November 2015}}</ref> O mere nke mbụ ya na mba ụwa na FIFA U-17 Women's World Cup New Zealand 2008. Ọ bụ otu n'ime ndị otu mba dị elu na 2011 All-Africa Games ebe ọ gbara Algeria na 2014 African Women's Championship. Na klọb, ọ gbara bọọlụ maka Hasaacas Ladies na Ghana.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ghanafa.org/pages/blackqueens/201409/9863.php|title=Black Queens name final 21 for AWC|date=27 September 2014|work=ghanafa.org|accessdate=26 October 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161027060544/http://www.ghanafa.org/pages/blackqueens/201409/9863.php|archivedate=27 October 2016}}</ref> == Ihe odide == <references /> == Njikọ mpụga == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20151120083900/http://www.fifa.com/fifa-tournaments/players-coaches/people=300585/index.html Profaịlụ FIFA] {{DEFAULTSORT:Cudjoe, Elizabeth}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 21p1c3kuldcs75fcy7wjzf5nuiivr6z 0 16275 644092 94621 2026-05-30T15:45:54Z Mirah50 16972 Fixed reference errors 644092 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Tawanda Manyimo''' bụ onye na-eme ihe nkiri na New Zealand a mụrụ na Zimbabwe. A mụrụ Manyimo na Bulawayo ma ọ gụọ akwụkwọ na Tennyson Primary School, na Milton High School.<ref name="thestandard1">{{Cite web|author=|url=https://www.thestandard.co.zw/2016/08/21/zim-actor-features-hollywood-movie/|title=Zim actor features in Hollywood movie|publisher=The Standard|date=21 August 2016|accessdate=23 May 2017}}</ref> Manyimo hapụrụ ọrụ ya na nhazi na Zimbabwe n'afọ 2003, wee kwaga New Zealand mgbe ọ dị afọ iri abụọ na abụọ.<ref name="stuff1">{{Cite web|url=http://www.stuff.co.nz/entertainment/film/82786452/ghost-in-the-shell-kiwi-actor-stars-alongside-scarjo-in-blockbuster|title=Ghost In The Shell: Kiwi actor stars alongside Scar-Jo in blockbuster|publisher=Stuff.co.nz|date=11 August 2016|accessdate=23 May 2017}}</ref><ref name="thestandard1" /> Manyimo gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Toi Whakaari: New Zealand Drama School n'afọ 2011 na Bachelor of Performing Arts (Acting).<ref>{{Cite web|title=Graduate|url=https://www.toiwhakaari.ac.nz/graduate|accessdate=2021-08-09|work=www.toiwhakaari.ac.nz}}</ref> Ọ bi na Titirangi.<ref name="stuff1" /> == Ihe nkiri ndị a họọrọ == * ''Rover'' (2014) * ''Mmụọ n'ime Shell'' (2017) * ''Meg'' (2018) == Edemsibịa == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * {{IMDb name|4476708}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 0yplfkq9oamdlpv11u71jy9kn1erdej 0 16318 644134 94487 2026-05-30T17:32:09Z Mirah50 16972 Fixed reference errors 644134 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Category:Articles with hCards]] '''Tendaiishe Chitima''' (a mụrụ n'afọ 1989/1990) bụ onye Zimbabwe na-eme ihe nkiri. == Akụkọ ndụ == Chitima kọwara onwe ya dịka onye ihere na-etolite na Zimbabwe, ọ tụghịkwa echiche ime ihe nkiri dịka ọrụ. Ọ gara Mahadum nke Cape Town, na-amụ mgbasa ozi na akwụkwọ akụkọ. Chitima gara ihe nkiri ma hụ ya n'anya, na-ekpebi ịghọ onye na-eme ihe nkiri. Ọ gwaghị ndị mụrụ ya atụmatụ ya ruo mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ. Chitima mechara nweta nzere masta na azụmaahịa.<ref name="dray" /> N'oge na mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ, ọ rụrụ ọrụ na fim dị mkpirikpi, gụnyere Jayson's Hope (2013), nke bụ onye ikpeazụ Top 10 maka asọmpi Afrinolly Short Film.<ref name="tvsa" /> Na mbido ọrụ ya, ọrụ Chitima dị na telivishọn South Africa ebe ọ na-eme ka ndị na-arụ ọrụ na ndị a na-ere ahịa mmadụ, na-ekpughe nsogbu nke ụfọdụ ụmụ nwanyị na-akwaga mba ọzọ.<ref name="guardian" /> N'afọ 2016, ọ rụrụ Blessing na oge nke abụọ nke usoro TV Mutual Friends . O gosipụtara Adelaide, nwa mgbei na-azụ ahịa mmadụ, na usoro TV Isidingo n'afọ 2016.<ref name="tvsa">{{Cite web|title=Tendaiishe Chitima|url=https://www.tvsa.co.za/actors/viewactor.aspx?actorid=17606|work=TVSA|accessdate=22 October 2020}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://www.tvsa.co.za/actors/viewactor.aspx?actorid=17606 "Tendaiishe Chitima"]. ''TVSA''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 October</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> N'afọ 2017, a họpụtara Chitima dịka Anesu, nne naanị ya nke na-agaghị mahadum, na ihe nkiri ịhụnanya Cook Off . Omume ya nwere mmasị maka isi nri, nke a na-ahụ mgbe nwa ya nwoke na nne nne ya debanyere aha ya maka asọmpi isi nri telivishọn.<ref name="guardian">{{Cite news|title=Cook Off, the no-budget romcom that became the first Zimbabwean film on Netflix|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/may/31/cook-off-the-no-budget-romcom-that-became-the-first-zimbabwean-film-on-netflix|accessdate=22 October 2020|work=[[The Guardian]]|date=30 March 2020}}</ref> Emere ihe nkiri ahụ maka mmefu ego nke ihe dịka $ 8000, ọ họọrọ ọrụ ahụ n'ihi na ọ masịrị ya mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya nke edemede ahụ. Ọ bụ ihe nkiri mbụ ya ma bụrụ ihe na-ewu ewu na Netflix, na Chitima na-akọwa ya dịka akwụkwọ ozi ịhụnanya nye Zimbabwe.<ref name="dray">{{Cite web|author=Dray|first=Kayleigh|title=Loved Netflix’s Cook Off? Meet Tendaiishe Chitima, star of the streaming platform’s record-breaking romcom|url=https://www.stylist.co.uk/people/netflix-cook-off-tendaiishe-chitima-zimbabwe-zim-actor-actress-interview/401539|accessdate=22 October 2020|work=[[Stylist (magazine)|Stylist]]}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFDray">Dray, Kayleigh. [https://www.stylist.co.uk/people/netflix-cook-off-tendaiishe-chitima-zimbabwe-zim-actor-actress-interview/401539 "Loved Netflix's Cook Off? Meet Tendaiishe Chitima, star of the streaming platform's record-breaking romcom"]. ''[[Onye na-ede akwụkwọ (magazine)|Stylist]]''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 October</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> Ọ natara ihe nrite Best Actress na Zimbabwe International Film Festival, a kpọkwara Cook Off ihe nkiri kacha mma.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Zimbabwe: 'Cook Off' Movie Set for UK Premiere|url=https://allafrica.com/stories/201907040212.html|accessdate=22 October 2020|work=NewZimbabwe.com|publisher=AllAfrica|date=3 July 2019}}</ref> N'afọ 2018, ọ pụtara na egwuregwu Bloom Flame Bloom .<ref name="nyavaya">{{Cite news|author=Nyavaya|first=Kennedy|title=Chitima aspires to inspire next generation of actresses|url=https://www.thestandard.co.zw/2018/09/09/chitima-aspires-inspire-next-generation-actresses/|accessdate=22 October 2020|work=The Standard|date=9 September 2018}}</ref> == Akụkụ ihe nkiri == * 2013: Jayson es Hope (ihe nkiri dị mkpirikpi) * 2014: ''Evelyn na Tapiwa'' (ihe nkiri dị mkpirikpi) * 2016: Mutual Friends (usoro ihe omume TV, dị ka Blessing) * 2016: Isidingo (usoro ihe nkiri TV, dị ka Adelaide) * 2017: Cook Off (dị ka Anesu) * 2018: Guilt (usoro ihe omume TV, dị ka Consolation Dube) * 2019: Into Infinity (ihe nkiri dị mkpirikpi, dị ka Angela Tariro) * 2020: Gonarezhou: Ihe nkiri (dị ka Thulo) == Edemsibịa == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * [[imdbname:9667272|Tendaiishe Chitima]] na Internet Movie Database [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] ginc2i84rdo3yheokzy8hpflh9pa7w0 0 16366 644168 406871 2026-05-30T17:59:35Z Goodymeraj 16207 644168 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} {{Infobox person|name=Elizabeth Michael (Lulu)|other names=Lulu|birth_name=Diana Elizabeth Michael Kimemeta|image=|caption=Elizabeth Michael (Lulu) at the [[2016 Africa Magic Viewers Choice Awards]] in [[Lagos]] [[Nigeria]]|birth_place=[[Dar Es Salaam]], [[Tanzania]]|birth_date={{birth date and age|1995|04|16}}|occupation=*[[actress]] *[[movie producer]]|years active=2000–present|alma_mater=*[[Tanzania Public Service College]] ([[Human Resources Management|DHRM]])|nationality=[[Tanzania]]n|spouse=Francis Ciza (Majizzo) (m.2021)|children=1. Genesis (G)|website={{URL|https://instagram.com/elizabethmichaelofficial}}}} [[Category:Articles with hCards]] '''Elizabeth Michael''' ('''Lulu''') (a mụrụ n'abalị 16, ọnwa April, afọ 1995) bụ onye Tanzania na-eme ihe nkiri.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.bongocinema.com/casts/view/elizabeth-michael|title=Elizabeth Michael - Actress Mode|work=www.bongocinema.com|accessdate=2022-06-20|archivedate=2023-12-01|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20231201234928/https://www.bongocinema.com/casts/view/elizabeth-michael}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://pulse.ng/celebrities/elizabeth-lulu-michael-a-dark-tale-about-one-of-africas-hottest-actresses-id4780351.html|title=Elizabeth "Lulu" Michael: A dark tale about one of Africa"s hottest actresses|first=Ayomide O.|author=Tayo|date=9 March 2016|publisher=|accessdate=20 June 2022|archivedate=30 August 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170830005804/http://www.pulse.ng/celebrities/elizabeth-lulu-michael-a-dark-tale-about-one-of-africas-hottest-actresses-id4780351.html}}</ref> N'afọ 2013, o ritere ihe nrite Zanzibar International Film Festival maka Best Actress maka "Woman Of Principles".<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=http://www.ziff.or.tz/2013/07/07/ziff-2013-the-awards/|title=ZIFF 2013 : The Awards - Zanzibar International Film Festival|date=6 July 2013|publisher=}}</ref> O nwetakwara ihe nrite Africa Magic Viewers Choice Awards nke afọ 2016 maka Best Movie Eastern Africa.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://pulse.ng/celebrities/elizabeth-michael-lulu-tanzania-gives-actress-grand-reception-after-amvca-win-id4781377.html|title=Elizabeth Michael Lulu: Tanzania gives actress grand reception after AMVCA win|first=Joan|author=Ngomba|date=9 March 2016|publisher=|accessdate=20 June 2022|archivedate=18 May 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170518210630/http://pulse.ng/celebrities/elizabeth-michael-lulu-tanzania-gives-actress-grand-reception-after-amvca-win-id4781377.html}}</ref> N'ọnwa Ọgọstụ afọ 2017, Africa Youth Awards kpọrọ ya n'etiti 100 Most Influential Young Africans.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.africayouthawards.org/2017-most-influential-young-africans-list-announced/|title=2017 Most Influential Young Africans List Announced|work=www.africayouthawards.org|accessdate=26 January 2018|archivedate=1 September 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170901020834/http://www.africayouthawards.org/2017-most-influential-young-africans-list-announced/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.africayouthawards.org/dianaelizabethmichael/|title=Diana Elizabeth Michael|work=www.africayouthawards.org|accessdate=26 January 2018|archivedate=17 September 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170917081050/http://www.africayouthawards.org/dianaelizabethmichael/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.africayouthawards.org/photo-gallery-2017-100-influential-young-africans/|title=Photo Gallery: 2017 100 Most Influential Young Africans|work=www.africayouthawards.org|accessdate=26 January 2018|archivedate=11 January 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180111141709/http://www.africayouthawards.org/photo-gallery-2017-100-influential-young-africans/}}</ref> N'ọnwa Nọvemba afọ 2017, a mara ya ikpe maka igbu ọchụ n'amaghị ama maka ọnwụ [[Steven Kanumba]] n'afọ 2012 ma maa ya ikpe ịga mkpọrọ afọ abụọ.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|url=http://mobile.thecitizen.co.tz/news/Lulu-slapped-with-two-year-jail-term-for-killing-Kanumba/2304482-4184836-format-xhtml-2o73vx/index.html|title=Lulu slapped with two-year jail term for killing Kanumba|accessdate=2018-01-26|language=en}}</ref> N'April 26, 2018, na emume Union nke Tanzania, ọ bụ otu n'ime ndị mkpọrọ onye isi ala John Pombe Magufuli gbaghara ebe e belatara ikpe ya. E mechara tọhapụ ya na Mee 9, 2018 mgbe ọ nọsịrị ọnwa isii n'ụlọ mkpọrọ iji rụọ ọrụ obodo maka oge fọdụrụnụ mgbe ọ gosipụtara omume ọma mgbe ọ nọ n'ụlọ ikpe.<ref name="nairobiwire.com">{{Cite web|url=http://nairobiwire.com/2018/05/why-tanzanian-actress-elizabeth-michael-has-been-released-from-prison.html|title=Why Tanzanian Actress Elizabeth Michael Has Been Released From Prison|date=15 May 2018|publisher=|accessdate=8 August 2018}}</ref> N'abalị iri na abụọ n'ọnwa Nọvemba afọ 2018 ọ gwụchara nnwale ya.<ref name="auto">{{Cite web|url=https://www.thecitizen.co.tz/magazine/thebeat/Freedom-for-Lulu-at-last-after-six-long-years/1843792-4855022-2h7tf3z/index.html|title=Freedom for Lulu at last after six long years|work=The Citizen|accessdate=Mar 16, 2019}}</ref> == Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ == A mụrụ Michael ma zụlite ya na Dar Es Salaam, [[Tanzania]]. Nna ya bụ Michael Kimemeta, nne ya bụ Lucrecia Kalugira. Ọ gara Remnant Academy maka agụmakwụkwọ praịmarị ya, na Perfect Vision High School, St Mary's High School maka agụmakọta sekọndrị ya. Ọ sonyeere Tanzania Public Service College ebe ọ nwetara diplọma ya na Human Resource Management.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://msetoea.com/mseto-411/bahatis-crush-lulu-goes-back-school-7936/|title=BAHATI's Crush LULU Goes Back To School|first=Sameer|author=Bry|date=21 June 2016|publisher=|accessdate=20 June 2022|archivedate=19 August 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170819233211/http://msetoea.com/mseto-411/bahatis-crush-lulu-goes-back-school-7936/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.bongo5.com/lulu-arudi-chuo-anachukua-human-resource-06-2016/|title=Lulu arudi chuo, anachukua|work=www.bongo5.com|date=21 June 2016}}</ref> === Ọrụ ime ihe nkiri === Michael malitere ọrụ ime ihe nkiri ya dịka nwa na-eme ihe nkiri mgbe ọ dị naanị afọ ise. Onye na-eme ihe nkiri bụ Mahasin Awadh (Dr Cheni) bụ onye chọpụtara ya n'oge ọ na-achọ nkà. Ọ kpọgara ya na Kaole Sanaa Group, ebe ọ pụtara n'ọtụtụ ihe nkiri telivishọn ebe ọ pụtara na ''Dira'' ebe ọ na-eme Nemu, ọ pụtara na ihe nkiri ndị ọzọ gụnyere ''Zizimo'', ''Baragumu'', ''Gharika'', ''Taswira'', na ''Demokrasia'' nke a maara nke ọma n'afọ 2000.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://swahiliworldplanet.blogspot.com/2014/04/birthday-girl-lulu-elizabrth-michael.html|title=SWP: Birthday Girl: Lulu Elizabeth Michael - Talented Diva Who Has Made Us Learn Through Both Her On and Off Screen Life.|first=Trim|author=Saleem|date=16 April 2014|publisher=}}</ref> Ọ rụrụ ọrụ n'okpuru aha Lulu, aha a maara ya taa. N'afọ 2005, o mere ihe nkiri mbụ ya na nkiri a na-akpọ ''Misukosuko''. == Ndụ onwe == N'ọnwa Ọktoba afọ 2018, Michael kwere Francis Ciza (Dj Majizzo) onye nwe EFM Radio na TVE nkwa ọlụlụ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pulselive.co.ke/entertainment/elizabeth-lulu-holds-traditional-wedding-days-after-completing-jail-term/807wq2w|title=Elizabeth Lulu holds traditional wedding days after completing jail term|date=19 November 2018|accessdate=20 June 2022|archivedate=19 May 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230519165405/https://www.pulselive.co.ke/entertainment/elizabeth-lulu-holds-traditional-wedding-days-after-completing-jail-term/807wq2w}}</ref> Di na nwunye ahụ lụrụ n'ụbọchị iri na asaa nke ọnwa Febụwarị afọ 2021.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://globalpublishers.co.tz/breaking-news-lulu-na-majizzo-wafunga-ndoa/|title=Breaking News: Lulu na Majizzo Wafunga Ndoa - Global Publishers}}</ref> N'ọnwa Julaị 2021, ha mụrụ nwa nwoke aha ya bụ Jenesis.<ref>https://ugkafunda.com/tanzanian-actress-elizabeth-michael-and-hubby-majizzo-welcome-a-bouncing-baby-boy/%3famp=1</ref> == Ihe nkiri == === Telivishọn === {| class="wikitable" ! style="background:#B0C4DE;" |Afọ ! style="background:#B0C4DE;" |Aha ! style="background:#B0C4DE;" |Ọrụ ! style="background:#B0C4DE;" |Ihe Rịba ama |- |2000 |Dira |Nemu | rowspan="9" |E gosipụtara ya na Independent Television Tanzania (ITV Tanzania). |- | rowspan="9" |2001-2006 |''Zizimo'' | rowspan="9" |Lulu |- |''Taswira'' |- |''Baragumu'' |- |''Gharika'' |- |''Sayari'' |- |''Tufani'' |- |''Tetemo'' |- |''Jahazi'' |- |''Demokrasia'' |E gosipụtara ya na Tanzania Broadcasting Corporation (TBC). |- |2006 2010 |Watoto Wetu |Onye ọbịa |Ihe omume ụmụaka gosipụtara na Independent Television Tanzania (ITV Tanzania) |- |2014 2015 Ọdịda Anyanwụ |Tanzania Movie Talents (TMT) |Onye ọbịa |Egwuregwu ime ihe nkiri gosipụtara na Independent Television Tanzania (ITV Tanzania) |- |Jenụwarị 2018-2020 |Sarafu |Jackline Sanga "Jacky" |E gosipụtara na Maisha Magic Bongo (Dstv Channel). |- |- |2021 |Mimi |Naomi |Onye mmepụta na osote onye nduzi |} === Usoro ihe ńkírī redio === {| class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%;" ! style="background:#B0C4DE;" |Afọ ! style="background:#B0C4DE;" |Ihe nkiri ! style="background:#B0C4DE;" |Ọrụ ! style="background:#B0C4DE;" |Ihe edeturu |- |2009 |''Wahapahapa'' |Mainda |E gosipụtara ya na Radio One Tanzania na Radio Free Africa |- |} === Ihe nkiri === {| class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%;" ! style="background:#B0C4DE;" |Afọ ! style="background:#B0C4DE;" |Ihe nkiri ! style="background:#B0C4DE;" |Ọrụ ! style="background:#B0C4DE;" |Ihe edeturu / Ụdị |- |2005 |Misukosuko Akụkụ nke 2 |Catherine |Mụ na Jimmy Mponda, Seba na Salama Salmin (Sandrah) |- |2006 |Wema<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.bongocinema.com/movies/view/wema|title=Wema|work=www.bongocinema.com|accessdate=2022-06-20|archivedate=2016-08-18|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160818050906/http://www.bongocinema.com/movies/view/wema}}</ref> |Betty |Mụ na Senga |- |2007 |Onye Ogbu Mmadụ Na-adịghị Egwu Egwu | |Mụ na Mohamed Nurdin (Chekibudi), Shumileta |- | rowspan="3" |2008 |Anya mmiri Ezinụlọ<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.bongocinema.com/movies/view/family-tears|title=Family Tears|work=www.bongocinema.com|accessdate=2022-06-20|archivedate=2018-09-16|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180916033027/http://www.bongocinema.com/movies/view/family-tears}}</ref> |Linda |Mụ na [[Steven Kanumba]], Wema Sepetu, Jacqueline Wolper na Richard Bezendhout |- |Ugwu nke Nyoka | | |- |Ụmụ ejima furu efu<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.bongocinema.com/movies/view/the-lost-twins|title=The Lost Twins|work=www.bongocinema.com|accessdate=2022-06-20|archivedate=2016-08-18|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160818064547/http://www.bongocinema.com/movies/view/the-lost-twins}}</ref> |Anita (onye na-eto eto) |Mụ na [[Steven Kanumba]], Hashimu Kambi, Suzan Lewis. |- | rowspan="6" |2009 |Mmasị nke Ịhụnanya<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.bongocinema.com/movies/view/taste-of-love|title=Taste of Love|work=www.bongocinema.com|accessdate=2022-06-20|archivedate=2016-08-18|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160818091051/http://www.bongocinema.com/movies/view/taste-of-love}}</ref> |Martha |Mụ na nwanne nne Ezekiel, Blandina Chagula, Mahasin Awadh. |- |Anya mmiri na-agba<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.bongocinema.com/movies/view/ripple-of-tears|title=Ripple of Tears|work=www.bongocinema.com|accessdate=2022-06-20|archivedate=2016-08-17|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160817221113/http://www.bongocinema.com/movies/view/ripple-of-tears}}</ref> |Lizy/Smiles |Mụ na [[Steven Kanumba]] |- |Mmasị | |Mụ na Jacqueline Wolper, Irene Uwoya, Yusuph Mlela, Hashim Kambi |- |Ịhụnanya Na-adịghị Mma<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.bongocinema.com/movies/view/unfortunate-love|title=Unfortunate Love|work=www.bongocinema.com|accessdate=2022-06-20|archivedate=2016-08-17|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160817224240/http://www.bongocinema.com/movies/view/unfortunate-love}}</ref> | |Mụ na [[Steven Kanumba]], Lisa Jensen, Zamda |- |Oge agafeela | |Mụ na Mahasin Awadh (Dr Cheni), Tumaini Bigirimana (Fifi), Issa Mussa |- |Ihe Mere Ị Ga-eji Anwụ |Nyina |Mụ na Mahasin Awadh (Dr Cheni) |- | rowspan="4" |2010 |Ọdachi Ezinụlọ<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.bongocinema.com/movies/view/family-disaster|title=Family Disaster|work=www.bongocinema.com|accessdate=2022-06-20|archivedate=2016-08-18|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160818093348/http://www.bongocinema.com/movies/view/family-disaster}}</ref> |Julieth |Mụ na [[Vincent Kigosi]], Diana Kimaro |- |Ịhụnanya Nzuzu<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.bongocinema.com/index.php/movies/view/crazy-love|title=Crazy Love|work=www.bongocinema.com|accessdate=2022-06-20|archivedate=2016-08-18|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160818004923/http://www.bongocinema.com/index.php/movies/view/crazy-love}}</ref> |Nwa akwụkwọ |Mụ na [[Steven Kanumba]], Shamsa Ford, Hemed Suleiman |- |Ụlọ Ime Anwansi |Dorah |Mụ na [[Steven Kanumba]], Nargis Mohamed |- |Nrọ m<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.bongocinema.com/movies/view/my-dreams|title=My Dreams|work=www.bongocinema.com|accessdate=2022-06-20|archivedate=2018-10-11|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181011024416/http://www.bongocinema.com/movies/view/my-dreams}}</ref> |Jane |Mụ na [[Vincent Kigosi]], Irene Uwoya, Shamsa Ford, Mahasin Awadh |- | rowspan="4" |2011 |Ememe Ụbọchị ọmụmụ | |Mụ na Salma Jabu (Nisha) |- |Ritazo<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.bongocinema.com/movies/view/ritazo|title=Ritazo|work=www.bongocinema.com|accessdate=2022-06-20|archivedate=2016-08-17|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160817232202/http://www.bongocinema.com/movies/view/ritazo}}</ref> |Ritazo |Mụ na Riyama Ally |- |Egbugbu |Bridget | |- |Mgbagwoju anya<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.bongocinema.com/movies/view/confusion|title=Confusion|work=www.bongocinema.com|accessdate=2022-06-20|archivedate=2016-08-18|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160818021627/http://www.bongocinema.com/movies/view/confusion}}</ref> |Anụ Anụ |Mụ na Diana Kimario, Hemedi Suleiman |- | rowspan="6" |2012 |Nwa nwoke nọ n'ụlọ<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.bongocinema.com/movies/view/house-boy|title=House Boy|work=www.bongocinema.com|accessdate=2022-06-20|archivedate=2018-09-16|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180916041450/http://www.bongocinema.com/movies/view/house-boy}}</ref> |Lulu |Mụ na Wema Sepetu, Kajala Masanja na Maazị Blue |- |Nwaanyị nke Ụkpụrụ<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.bongocinema.com/movies/view/woman-of-principles|title=Woman of Principles|work=www.bongocinema.com|accessdate=2022-06-20|archivedate=2016-08-18|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160818042747/http://www.bongocinema.com/movies/view/woman-of-principles}}</ref> |Linah |Mụ na [[Vincent Kigosi]] na Nargis Mohamed |- |Nwa agbọghọ Dị Iche Iche<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.bongocinema.com/movies/view/dangerous-girl|title=Dangerous Girl|work=www.bongocinema.com|accessdate=2022-06-20|archivedate=2018-10-06|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181006061533/http://www.bongocinema.com/movies/view/dangerous-girl}}</ref> |Hidaya | |- |Ugwu nke Mbwa<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.bongocinema.com/movies/view/mtoto-wa-mbwa|title=Mtoto wa Mbwa|work=www.bongocinema.com|accessdate=2022-06-20|archivedate=2016-08-18|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160818054933/http://www.bongocinema.com/movies/view/mtoto-wa-mbwa}}</ref> |Ezigbo |Mụ na Simon Mwakapagata (Rado) |- |Yatima Asiyestahili<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.bongocinema.com/index.php/movies/view/yatima|title=Yatima|work=www.bongocinema.com|accessdate=2022-06-20|archivedate=2016-08-18|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160818093352/http://www.bongocinema.com/index.php/movies/view/yatima}}</ref> |Njwele |Mụ na Nice Mohamed na Jeniffer Kyaka |- |Mgbasa oxygen<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.bongocinema.com/movies/view/oxygen|title=Oxygen|work=www.bongocinema.com|accessdate=2022-06-20|archivedate=2016-08-18|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160818025316/http://www.bongocinema.com/movies/view/oxygen}}</ref> | |Mụ na Sydney, Hashim Kambi, Grace Mapunda |- |2013 |Afọ Ndị Nzuzu<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.bongocinema.com/movies/view/foolish-age|title=Foolish Age|work=www.bongocinema.com|accessdate=2022-06-20|archivedate=2024-02-22|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240222122255/https://www.bongocinema.com/movies/view/foolish-age}}</ref> |Ịdị Mma |Ọ bụkwa onye isi mmepụta Mụ na Diana Kimaro na Hashimu Kambi |- |2014 |Ịbụ ọnụ Ezinụlọ<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.bongocinema.com/movies/view/family-curse|title=Family Curse|work=www.bongocinema.com|accessdate=2022-06-20|archivedate=2016-05-15|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160515075925/http://www.bongocinema.com/movies/view/family-curse}}</ref> | |Mụ na Hashimu Kambi, Yusuph Mlela, Cathy Rupia |- |2015 |Mapenzi Ya Mungu<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://karibunyumbani.blogspot.com/2014/10/mapenzi-ya-mungu-filamu-ya-lulu-na-mama.html|title=Karibu Nyumbani: Mapenzi Ya Mungu: Filamu Ya Lulu Na Mama Kanumba|first=Nicky|author=Mwangoka|date=20 October 2014|publisher=}}</ref> |Shikana |Onye Mmepụta Mụ na Flora Mtegoa, Linah Sanga |- |2016 |Ma ọ bụ Noma<ref>{{Cite web|title=Tanzania: Elizabeth Michael 'Lulu' Set To Drop New Film Tomorrow|url=http://celebafrica.com/2016-07-14-elizabeth-michael-set-to-drop-new-film-tomorrow-shares-other-interesting-details-about-its-release-4111-2/|work=celebafrica.com|accessdate=18 July 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160916180416/http://celebafrica.com/2016-07-14-elizabeth-michael-set-to-drop-new-film-tomorrow-shares-other-interesting-details-about-its-release-4111-2/|archivedate=16 September 2016|date=16 September 2016}}</ref> |Angela |Onye Mmepụta Mụ na Kulwa Kikumba na Isarito Mwakalikamo |- |} == Onyinye na nhọpụta == {| class="wikitable" !Afọ !Ihe omume !Ihe nrite !Onye Nwetara ya !Nsonaazụ |- |2013 |Emume ihe nkiri mba ụwa nke Zanzibar |Onye na-eme ihe nkiri kacha mma |Nwaanyị nke Ụkpụrụ |{{Won}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://swahiliworldplanet.blogspot.com/2013/07/winners-list-zanzibar-international.html|title=SWP: Winners List: Zanzibar International Film Festival 2013, Lulu Wins Best Actress Award in Swahili Movies|first=Trim|last=Saleem|date=7 July 2013|publisher=}}</ref> |- | rowspan="2" |2014 | rowspan="2" |Onyinye Nhọrọ Ndị Mmadụ nke Tanzania (Tuzo za watu) |Onye na-eme ihe nkiri kachasị amasị ya | rowspan="2" |Afọ Ndị Nzuzu |{{Won}}<ref>{{cite web|title=Washindi :: Tanzania People Choice Awards|url=http://tuzozetu.com/washindi/|accessdate=18 July 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304080918/http://tuzozetu.com/washindi/|archivedate=4 March 2016|date=4 March 2016}}</ref> |- |Ihe nkiri kachasị amasị gị |{{Nom}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://millardayo.com/45510tz/|title=Bongo5 media group imetagaza majina yatakayowania tuzo za watu |website=millardayo.com|publisher=}}</ref> |- | rowspan="3" |2016 |2016 Africa Magic Viewers Choice Awards |Ihe nkiri kacha mma n'Ebe Ọwụwa Anyanwụ Afrịka |Mapenzi Ya Mungu |{{Won}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://thenet.ng/2016/03/tanzanian-actress-gets-heroic-welcome-after-winning-big-at-amvca/|title=Tanzanian actress gets heroic welcome after 'winning big' at AMVCA|website=thenet.ng|date=9 March 2016|publisher=|access-date=18 July 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160511015625/http://thenet.ng/2016/03/tanzanian-actress-gets-heroic-welcome-after-winning-big-at-amvca/|archive-date=11 May 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref> |- |Africa Entertainment Legend Awards (Nigeria) |Onye na-eme ihe nkiri kacha mma |Ya onwe ya |{{Nom}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://answersafrica.com/2016-aela-nominees.html|title=See The Full List Of 2016 AELA Nominees|date=31 August 2016|publisher=|accessdate=20 June 2022|archivedate=14 November 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211114051619/https://answersafrica.com/2016-aela-nominees.html}}</ref> |- |Ihe nrite Swahili Fashion Week |Ihe oyiyi ejiji nke Afọ |Ya onwe ya |{{Won}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://nuruthelight.blogspot.com/2016/12/style-icon-of-yearlou-lou.html|title=Nuru the Light: Style Icon of the year: Lou Lou!!!|date=5 December 2016|publisher=}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.jazenah.com/2016/12/lulu-wins-style-icon-of-year-award-at.html?m=1|title=HugeDomains.com|website=www.jazenah.com|accessdate=2022-06-20|archivedate=2016-12-20|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161220194801/http://www.jazenah.com/2016/12/lulu-wins-style-icon-of-year-award-at.html?m=1}}</ref> |- |2019 |African Leading Women Awards (Nigeria) |Onye Nwanyị Na-eme Ihe nkiri nke Afọ |Ya onwe ya |{{Won}}<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.instagram.com/p/B4sPABZAMI7/ |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/iarchive/instagram/elizabethmichaelofficial/2174178692303995451_2174177942471459601 |archive-date=2021-12-25 |url-access=registration|title = Login • Instagram}}{{cbignore}}</ref> |} == Edensibịa == {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Michael, Elizabeth}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 5xt18vbvpu49kdncwzouxtxby031ubb 0 16505 644179 191882 2026-05-30T18:36:43Z Chigozirim2005 19722 Fixed reference error 644179 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Usòrò:شريف دسوقي.jpg|thumb|áká_ịkẹngạ]] [[Category:Articles with hCards]] '''Sherif Desouky''' (Arabic; a mụrụ na 26 Nọvemba 1967 na Alexandria) bụ onye Egypt na-eme ihe nkiri, onye nduzi, onye edemede, na onye na-akọ akụkọ, Ọ bụ onye natara onyinye maka onye na-eme egwuregwu kacha mma na Cairo International Film Festival afọ 2018.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Álvaro Brechner wins the Golden Pyramid at Cairo with A Twelve-Year Night|url=https://cineuropa.org/en/newsdetail/363977/|accessdate=3 August 2020|work=Cineuropa – the best of european cinema|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=MENAFN|title=Cairo Film Festival wraps up successful 40th edition|url=https://menafn.com/1097775630/Cairo-Film-Festival-wraps-up-successful-40th-edition|accessdate=5 August 2020|work=menafn.com}}</ref> == Banyere == === Ihe nkiri Ismail Yassine === A mụrụ Sherif Desouky na Alexandria Governorate, [[Egypt]] na ọchịchọ ya kwagara na ihe nkiri site na nwata, ebe nna ya bụ onye nduzi nke [[Ismail Yassine|Ismail Yassin]] Theater kemgbe afọ 1952, Ya na nna ya biri n'ụlọ ezinụlọ n'azụ ihe nkiri, n'agbanyeghị ọrụ nna ya na ihe nkiri, ọ jụrụ ịbanye n'ụwa nka ma kụọ ya na mbụ ya n'elu ihe nkiri.<ref>{{Cite web|date=5 July 2020|title=صدى البلد: نجم مسلسل بـ 100 وش: أمي قالت لي جِنيِّة مسرح إسماعيل ياسين عملت فيك حاجة|url=https://www.elbalad.news/4380748|accessdate=3 August 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200705015618/https://www.elbalad.news/4380748|archivedate=5 July 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2 June 2020|title=محطات في حياة "عم سباعي" الشهير بـ"شريف الدسوقي" {{!}} بوابة أخبار اليوم الإلكترونية|url=https://m.akhbarelyom.com/news/newdetails/3045893/1/%D9%85%D8%AD%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D9%81%D9%8A-%D8%AD%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%A9--%D8%B9%D9%85-%D8%B3%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B9%D9%8A--%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B4%D9%87%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D8%A8%D9%80-%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%81-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%82%D9%8A-/|accessdate=3 August 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200625002136/https://m.akhbarelyom.com/news/newdetails/3045893/1/%D9%85%D8%AD%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D9%81%D9%8A-%D8%AD%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%A9--%D8%B9%D9%85-%D8%B3%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B9%D9%8A--%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B4%D9%87%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D8%A8%D9%80-%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%81-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%82%D9%8A-/|archivedate=25 June 2020}}</ref> Sharif rụrụ ọrụ n'ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ọrụ ihe nkiri niile dịka onye na-ahụ maka ụda na onye na-arụ ọrụ n'elu ikpo okwu. Mana mgbe a kwatuchara ụlọ ihe nkiri [[Ismail Yassine]] na ọtụtụ n'ime ụlọ ihe nkiri oge okpomọkụ nke Alexandria ma wuo ụlọ n'ọnọdụ ya, ọ hapụrụ ọrụ ihe nkiri wee gaa n'ihu na-arụ ọrụ na obí ọdịbendị na ndị otu onwe ha kemgbe afọ 1990.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|date=5 July 2020|title=شريف دسوقي صاحب جائزة أفضل ممثل في القاهرة السينمائي في حوار لـ"أهل مصر": قبل عرض الفيلم الإعلام تجاهلني ورصيدي هو نجاحي.. وهذه علاقتي بإسماعيل ياسين {{!}} اهل مصر|url=https://www.ahlmasrnews.com/753460|accessdate=3 August 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200705023222/https://www.ahlmasrnews.com/753460|archivedate=5 July 2020}}</ref> === Ime ihe nkiri === N'ihi ihe ọmụma Desouky banyere ndị na-eme ihe nkiri nke ndị prọfesọ na-eme ọrụ na Academy of Arts na Mahadum Alexandria nabatara, ha tinyekwara ya n'ọtụtụ ụlọ ọrụ na asọmpi ime ihe nkiri, Sharif banyere asọmpi na General Authority of Cultural Palaces. Ọ na-enweta ahụmịhe site n'aka nna ya na ụmụ akwụkwọ ya n'aka onye nduzi Ijipt Youssef Chahine ma na-aga ọmụmụ ihe na ọmụmụ nnọchiteanya na [[Egypt]], Qatar, [[Jémanị|Germany]] na [[Austria]].<ref name=":2" /> == Ọrụ == Desouky malitere ọrụ ihe nkiri ya n'afọ [[2003]] na obere ahụmịhe ihe nkiri, malite na ihe nkiri (Violence and Irony) nke Asma El Bakry duziri, ihe nkiri dị mkpirikpi (Hawi) na (Hot Dry in Summer), ọ sonyekwara na usoro (As roses), nke Youssef El Sherif duziri n'afọ 2012.<ref name=":3" /> Ọ matara onye nduzi Ahmed Abdullah Al-Sayed mgbe ọ na-ese ihe nkiri "Microphone" n'afọ 2010, wee kirie ihe nkiri ya dị mkpirikpi "Hawi" iji chọpụta nhọpụta Abdullah maka ọrụ "Mustafa" na ihe nkiri "Night/Ext".<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|author=admin|date=7 May 2020|title="Sibai" in the series "With 100 Ws" .. Who will be Sharif El-Desouki?|url=https://www.eg24.news/2020/05/sibai-in-the-series-with-100-ws-who-will-be-sharif-el-desouki.html|accessdate=3 August 2020|work=Eg24 News|language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFadmin2020">admin (7 May 2020). [https://www.eg24.news/2020/05/sibai-in-the-series-with-100-ws-who-will-be-sharif-el-desouki.html ""Sibai" in the series "With 100 Ws" .. Who will be Sharif El-Desouki?"]. ''Eg24 News''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 August</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Ahmad Abdalla's Exterior/Night comes fourth on Netflix daily rankings in Egypt – Entertainment – Arts & Culture|url=http://english.ahram.org.eg/News/366655.aspx|accessdate=5 August 2020|work=Ahram Online|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Egyptian film EXT. Night wins biggest prize at Malmo Arab Film Festival – Film – Arts & Culture|url=http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/5/32/352534/Arts--Culture/Film/Egyptian-film-EXT-Night-wins-biggest-prize-at-Malm.aspx|accessdate=5 August 2020|work=Ahram Online|language=en}}</ref> Onye nduzi Kamla Abu Zekry dọtara uche ya mgbe ọ kiriri ihe nkiri mpụga Night/Ext, ya mere ọ chọrọ ka ụlọ ọrụ na-emepụta ọrụ, Al-Adl Group, bụrụ akụkụ nke usoro ọrụ nke usoro "With 100 Faces", nke a tọhapụrụ na Ramadan afọ 2020, na ọrụ nke "Seba'i" dịka nnukwu ihe ngosi mbụ ya mgbe ọ sonyere na usoro "As roses" n'afọ 2012, na usoro "Kas roses" n'afọ 2019.<ref name="web.archive.org" /><ref name=":3">{{Cite web|author=admin|date=7 May 2020|title="Sibai" in the series "With 100 Ws" .. Who will be Sharif El-Desouki?|url=https://www.eg24.news/2020/05/sibai-in-the-series-with-100-ws-who-will-be-sharif-el-desouki.html|accessdate=3 August 2020|work=Eg24 News|language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFadmin2020">admin (7 May 2020). [https://www.eg24.news/2020/05/sibai-in-the-series-with-100-ws-who-will-be-sharif-el-desouki.html ""Sibai" in the series "With 100 Ws" .. Who will be Sharif El-Desouki?"]. ''Eg24 News''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 August</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> Desouky duziri ọtụtụ egwuregwu, gụnyere egwuregwu "ọ dịghị ihe ọ bụla ma", nke o gosipụtara na "Barah" otu ihe nkiri, ka ọ dị iche na nka nke ịkọ, ruo mgbe ọ ghọrọ onye na-akpa akwa, nke dugara n'ịdị mma ya na improvisation. == Ihe nkiri == === Usoro === * Roses 2012 (dị ka Ramadan)<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|author=admin|date=7 May 2020|title="Sibai" in the series "With 100 Ws" .. Who will be Sharif El-Desouki?|url=https://www.eg24.news/2020/05/sibai-in-the-series-with-100-ws-who-will-be-sharif-el-desouki.html|accessdate=3 August 2020|work=Eg24 News|language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFadmin2020">admin (7 May 2020). [https://www.eg24.news/2020/05/sibai-in-the-series-with-100-ws-who-will-be-sharif-el-desouki.html ""Sibai" in the series "With 100 Ws" .. Who will be Sharif El-Desouki?"]. ''Eg24 News''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 August</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> * Mmetụta Akpụkpọ ụkwụ 2019 (dị ka Abdel-Mongy)<ref name=":3" /> * O nwere otu narị ihu 2020 (dị ka Seba'i)<ref name="web.archive.org">{{Cite web|date=3 May 2020|title="سباعي" في مسلسل "بـ100 وش".. من يكون شريف الدسوقي؟ {{!}} المصري اليوم|url=https://www.almasryalyoum.com/news/details/1975727|accessdate=4 August 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200531052357/https://www.almasryalyoum.com/news/details/1975727|archivedate=31 May 2020}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://web.archive.org/web/20200531052357/https://www.almasryalyoum.com/news/details/1975727 ""سباعي" في مسلسل "بـ100 وش".. من يكون شريف الدسوقي؟ | المصري اليوم"]. 3 May 2020. Archived from [https://www.almasryalyoum.com/news/details/1975727 the original] on 31 May 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 August</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> * Alaeze nke Eblees 2020 (dị ka Radwan) * N'azụ Nature 2020 (dị ka The Juggler) === Egwuregwu === * Nlaghachi 2010 * Ọ dịghị Ihe Ọ bụla Ma<ref>{{Cite web|date=5 July 2020|title=ما لا تعرفه عن شريف الدسوقي أحسن ممثل في مهرجان القاهرة السينمائي (صور) – القاهرة 24|url=https://www.cairo24.com/2018/11/29/%D9%85%D8%A7-%D9%84%D8%A7-%D8%AA%D8%B9%D8%B1%D9%81%D8%A9-%D8%B9%D9%86-%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%81-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%82%D9%8A-%D8%A3%D8%AD%D8%B3%D9%86-%D9%85%D9%85%D8%AB%D9%84-%D9%81%D9%8A/|accessdate=4 August 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200705015610/https://www.cairo24.com/2018/11/29/%D9%85%D8%A7-%D9%84%D8%A7-%D8%AA%D8%B9%D8%B1%D9%81%D8%A9-%D8%B9%D9%86-%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%81-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%82%D9%8A-%D8%A3%D8%AD%D8%B3%D9%86-%D9%85%D9%85%D8%AB%D9%84-%D9%81%D9%8A/|archivedate=5 July 2020}}</ref> === Ihe nkiri dị mkpirikpi === * Ụzọ e si aga [[Italy|Ịtali]] 2008 (dị ka Hassan) * Mee nke ahụ 2010 (dị ka Onye Kasị Icha) * Zakaria na 2012 (dị ka The Tailor) * Hot Dry in Summer 2015 (dị ka onye na-ese foto)<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|author=admin|date=7 May 2020|title="Sibai" in the series "With 100 Ws" .. Who will be Sharif El-Desouki?|url=https://www.eg24.news/2020/05/sibai-in-the-series-with-100-ws-who-will-be-sharif-el-desouki.html|accessdate=3 August 2020|work=Eg24 News|language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFadmin2020">admin (7 May 2020). [https://www.eg24.news/2020/05/sibai-in-the-series-with-100-ws-who-will-be-sharif-el-desouki.html ""Sibai" in the series "With 100 Ws" .. Who will be Sharif El-Desouki?"]. ''Eg24 News''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 August</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> * Nke ahụ bụ abalị m 2019 (dị ka onye nwe ahịa) === Ihe nkiri === * Ime ihe ike na ihe na-emegide onwe ya 2003 * Hawi 2010 * N'abalị/Ọpụpụ 2018<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|author=admin|date=7 May 2020|title="Sibai" in the series "With 100 Ws" .. Who will be Sharif El-Desouki?|url=https://www.eg24.news/2020/05/sibai-in-the-series-with-100-ws-who-will-be-sharif-el-desouki.html|accessdate=3 August 2020|work=Eg24 News|language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFadmin2020">admin (7 May 2020). [https://www.eg24.news/2020/05/sibai-in-the-series-with-100-ws-who-will-be-sharif-el-desouki.html ""Sibai" in the series "With 100 Ws" .. Who will be Sharif El-Desouki?"]. ''Eg24 News''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 August</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> * 2 Talaat Harb 2020 * Ferret na mmadụ na 2020.<ref>{{Cite web|date=5 July 2020|title=شريف دسوقى والد محمد هنيدى فى "النمس والإنس" – اليوم السابع|url=https://www.youm7.com/story/2020/7/3/%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%81-%D8%AF%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%82%D9%89-%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF-%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%AF-%D9%87%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%AF%D9%89-%D9%81%D9%89-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D9%85%D8%B3-%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D9%86%D8%B3/4858741|accessdate=4 August 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200705015703/https://www.youm7.com/story/2020/7/3/%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%81-%D8%AF%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%82%D9%89-%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF-%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%AF-%D9%87%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%AF%D9%89-%D9%81%D9%89-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D9%85%D8%B3-%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D9%86%D8%B3/4858741|archivedate=5 July 2020}}</ref> == Edemsibịa == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] srcnujvlpifk8l6jnodrp6yt2ix3s1f 0 16677 644232 539201 2026-05-30T19:41:59Z Wikipedian12512(alt) 61413 ce 644232 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} Barbra Banda (amụrụ na 20 Machị, na afọ 2000) bụ onye Zambia na-agba bọọlụ nke na-agba ọsọ dị ka [[Footbọl|onye]] na-agbachitere klọb China [[:zh:上海农商银行女子足球队|Shanghai Shengli]] na ndị otu ụmụ nwanyị Zambia. == Ọrụ klọb == Mgbe ọ nọrọ oge abụọ mbụ ya na klọb nke mbụ nke Spain EDF Logroño, na Jenụwarị, na afọ 2020, a kpọfere Banda na klọbu Chinese [[Chinese Women's Super League|Super League]] [[:zh:上海农商银行女子足球队|Shanghai Shengli]].<ref name="Barbra Banda isn’t waiting around">{{Cite web|author=Watkins|first=Claire|title=Barbra Banda isn’t waiting around|url=https://equalizersoccer.com/2021/07/23/barbra-banda-zambia-hat-trick-olympics-netherlands-analysis-profile/|work=The Equalizer|accessdate=24 July 2021}}</ref> N'oge izizi ya, ọ gbara goolu iri na asatọ n'egwuregwu league iri na atọ iji pụta dị ka onye kacha gbaa goolu na afọ 2020 Chinese Women's Super League.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Ahmadu|first=Samuel|date=11 October 2020|title=Barbra Banda emerges as Chinese Women's Super League top scorer|url=https://www.goal.com/en/news/barbra-banda-emerges-as-chinese-womens-super-league-top/hibtstug5v4c166b59xfntbbc|accessdate=2021-08-08|work=www.goal.com|publisher=[[Goal (website)|Goal]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=Mubanga Jnr|first=Aaron|date=12 October 2020|title=Barbra Banda wins golden boot in her first season in China|url=https://zambianfootball.co.zm/barbra-banda-wins-golden-boot-in-her-first-season-in-china/zfadmin/|accessdate=8 August 2021|work=zambianfootball.co.zm|publisher=ZamFoot|archivedate=22 October 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211022151531/https://zambianfootball.co.zm/barbra-banda-wins-golden-boot-in-her-first-season-in-china/zfadmin/}}</ref> == Ọrụ mba ụwa == Banda nọchitere anya Zambia na afọ 2014 FIFA U-17 Women's World Cup. N'egwuregwu mbụ nke Zambia na 2020 Olympics, Banda gbara hat trick megide Netherlands. Egwuregwu ahụ gwụrụ n'afọ 3 na 10, nke kachasị njọ maka ndị otu egwuregwu bọọlụ ụmụ nwanyị nke mba Zambia na egwuregwu bọọọọlụ ụmụ agbọghọ kachasị elu n'akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Olimpik.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://nz.news.yahoo.com/netherlands-womens-soccer-blows-out-zambia-in-historic-opening-win-134223836.html|title=Netherlands women's soccer blows out Zambia in historic win to open Olympics|publisher=[[Yahoo! News]]|first=Ryan|author=Young|date=21 July 2021|accessdate=21 July 2021}}</ref> N'egwuregwu nke abụọ ha, Banda gbara hat trick ọzọ megide China na egwuregwu ahụ kwụsịrị na 4o4 draw. Ọ ghọrọ nwanyị mbụ na-agba bọọlụ n'akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Olimpik iji nweta akara okpu azụ azụ na nke mbụ iji nweta akara abụọ okpu n'otu asọmpi.<ref> {{Cite web|url=https://www.fifa.com/tournaments/womens/womensolympic/tokyo2020/match-center/400065436|title=China PR 4–4 Zambia|work=www.fifa.com|date=24 July 2021}}</ref> === Ihe mgbaru ọsọ mba ụwa === : ''Ntinye na nsonaazụ depụtara ihe mgbaru ọsọ Zambia nke mbụ'' {| class="wikitable" !Mba. !Ụbọchị !Ebe a na-anọ !Onye mmegide !Ihe ndị a tụrụ !Nsonaazụ !Ịsọ mpi |- | style="text-align:center;" |1 |13 Septemba 2017 | rowspan="6" |Barbourfields Stadium, Bulawayo, [[Zimbabwe]] | Malawi | style="text-align:center;" |31 Nke 1 | style="text-align:center;" |63 Ọdịda Anyanwụ | rowspan="6" |2017 COSAFA Women's Championship |- | style="text-align:center;" |2 |15 Septemba 2017 | Zimbabwe | style="text-align:center;" |'''1''' 0 | style="text-align:center;" |1 1 1 1 |- | style="text-align:center;" |3 | rowspan="2" |17 Septemba 2017 | rowspan="2" | Madagascar | style="text-align:center;" |'''2''' na 0 | rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |2 1 |- | style="text-align:center;" |4 | style="text-align:center;" |'''2''' 1 |- | style="text-align:center;" |5 |21 Septemba 2017 | South Africa | style="text-align:center;" |'''1''' 0 | style="text-align:center;" |3 Na-esote |- | style="text-align:center;" |6 |23 Septemba 2017 | Kenya | style="text-align:center;" |1 1 1 '''1''' | style="text-align:center;" |1 1 1 1 |- | style="text-align:center;" |7 | rowspan="2" |4 Eprel 2018 | rowspan="2" |National Stadium, Dar es Salaam, [[Tanzania]] | rowspan="2" | Tanzania | style="text-align:center;" |'''1''' 2 | rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |3 Na-esote | rowspan="3" |2018 Africa Women Cup of Nations iru eru |- | style="text-align:center;" |8 | style="text-align:center;" |'''3''' Na-esote |- | style="text-align:center;" |9 |10 June 2018 |Rufaro Stadium, Harare, Zimbabwe | Zimbabwe | style="text-align:center;" |'''2''' 1 | style="text-align:center;" |2 1 |- | style="text-align:center;" |10 |13 Septemba 2018 | rowspan="5" |Wolfson Stadium, Ibhayi, South Africa | Lesotho | style="text-align:center;" |'''2''' na 0 | style="text-align:center;" |2 na 0 | rowspan="2" |2018 COSAFA Women's Championship |- | style="text-align:center;" |11 |18 Septemba 2018 | Mozambique | style="text-align:center;" |30 | style="text-align:center;" |30 |- |12 | rowspan="3" |4 Nọvemba 2020 | rowspan="3" | Lesotho | style="text-align:center;" |1 0 | rowspan="3" style="text-align:center;" |60 | rowspan="3" |2020 COSAFA Women's Championship |- | style="text-align:center;" |13 | style="text-align:center;" |'''2''' na 0 |- | style="text-align:center;" |14 | style="text-align:center;" |60 |- | style="text-align:center;" |15 |28 Nọvemba 2020 |Estádio San Carlos de Apoquindo, Santiago, [[Chile]] | Chile | style="text-align:center;" |1 1 1 '''1''' | style="text-align:center;" |2 1 | rowspan="2" |Enyi Mba Nile |- | style="text-align:center;" |16 |10 Eprel 2021 |Bidvest Stadium, Johannesburg, South Africa | South Africa | style="text-align:center;" |'''1''' 0 | style="text-align:center;" |1 3 |- | style="text-align:center;" |17 | rowspan="3" |21 Julaị 2021 | rowspan="6" |Ogige egwuregwu Miyagi, Rifu, [[Japan]] | rowspan="3" | Netherlands | style="text-align:center;" |'''1''' 3 | rowspan="3" style="text-align:center;" |310 | rowspan="6" |Egwuregwu Olimpik nke Oge Ọchịchị 2020 |- | style="text-align:center;" |18 | style="text-align:center;" |'''2''' 10 |- | style="text-align:center;" |19 | style="text-align:center;" |310 |- | style="text-align:center;" |20 | rowspan="3" |24 Julaị 2021 | rowspan="3" | China PR | style="text-align:center;" |1 1 1 '''1''' | rowspan="3" style="text-align:center;" |4 na-ekwu na ọ bụ |- | style="text-align:center;" |21 | style="text-align:center;" |'''3''' Na-esote |- | style="text-align:center;" |22 | style="text-align:center;" |Nke anọ na nke atọ |} == Nsọpụrụ == '''Onye ọ bụla''' * Onye kacha gbaa bọọlụ na [[Chinese Women's Super League|Super League]] nke ụmụ nwanyị China: 2020.<ref>{{Cite web|date=11 October 2020|title=#CWSL {{!}} Topscorers of the League|url=https://twitter.com/CHNWNT/status/1315294569840476161|accessdate=6 August 2021|work=China Women's Football - 中国女足|language=en}}</ref> == Ihe odide == <references /> {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * [https://www.txapeldunak.com/cas/futbol_femenino/jugadora.asp?id=16464 Profaịlụ] na Txapeldunak.com (n'asụsụ Spanish) {{DEFAULTSORT:Banda, Barbra}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] kxqu9z8io0zrzu2nkzzyuuxfibvlab7 0 16714 644176 93939 2026-05-30T18:28:49Z Chigozirim2005 19722 Fixed reference error 644176 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Sherihan''' (amụrụ na 6 Disemba 1964) bụ onye Egypt na-eme ihe , onye na-agụ egwu na onye na-agba egwú.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://archive.aawsat.com/details.asp?section=25&issueno=10104&article=375240&feature=1/details.asp#.Wt4osIhuZPZ|title=شريهان.. سيدة الثروة والنجومية والأحزان|work=[[Asharq Al-Awsat]]|language=Arabic|date=28 July 2006}}</ref> == Akụkọ ndụ == Sherihan malitere ime ihe nkiri mgbe ọ dị afọ anọ.<ref name="albayan">{{Cite web|url=https://www.albayan.ae/five-senses/east-and-west/2020-12-06-1.4032252|title=الفنانة المصرية شريهان تروي كيف اجتازت محنتها مع مرضها النادر|work=albayan.ae|language=Arabic|date=6 December 2020}}</ref> A maara ya nke ọma maka Fawazir Ramadan. Ọ lara ezumike nká n'afọ 2002 wee pụọ n'ọrụ n'afọ 2016.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.egyptindependent.com/retired-actress-sherihan-return-screen-ramadan/|title=Retired actress Sherihan to return to screen in Ramadan|author=<!-- Staff -->|work=Egyptian Independent|publisher=[[Al-Masry Al-Youm]]|date=2016-09-29|accessdate=2017-08-09}}</ref> N'afọ 2021, ọ laghachiri n'ọkwa ya mgbe afọ 20 nke ime ihe nkiri site na ime ihe nkiri na ''Coco Chanel''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.egyptindependent.com/trailers-sherihan-returns-to-the-stage-in-coco-chanel-play-during-eid-al-adha/|title=Trailers: Sherihan returns to the stage in "Coco Chanel" play during Eid Al-Adha|work=Egypt Independent|date=8 July 2021}}</ref> == Ndụ onwe == Sherihan bụ nwanne nwanyị [[Omar Khorshid]].<ref name="albayan" />Ọ lụrụ onye ọchụnta ego Jọdan Alaa Khawaja, onye ya na ya nwere ụmụ nwanyị abụọ. N'afọ 1990, o nwere nnukwu ihe mberede, ebe ọ gbajiri azụ ya nakwa ọkpụkpụ azụ.<ref name="albayan" /> N'afọ 2002, ọ rịara ọrịa akpịrị akpịrị akpị, nke mere ka ọ kwụsị ọrụ ime ihe nkiri.<ref name="albayan" /> Sherihan bụkwa onye mba Ijipt a ma ama ma bụrụkwa onye isi na-ekere òkè na mgbanwe nke ala nna ya na 2011 na-achọ iwepụ onye isi ala Hosni Mubarak. == Ụfọdụ ihe nkiri == {| class="wikitable" !Afọ !Aha (Transliterated) !Isiokwu (A sụgharịrị) !Aha (Arabic) |- |1978 |''Otta 'Ala Nar'' |''Nkịta Na-ere Ọkụ'' |A na-akpọ ya "Akwụkwọ na-akpọ Ya" |- |1982 |''Al Khobz Al Morr'' |''Achịcha Dị ilu'' |Ọ bụ n'ihi na ọ bụ n'oge ahụ ka ọ na-eme ihe nkiri |- | rowspan="3" |1983 |''El Azra' W El Sha'r Al Abyad'' |''Nwa Agbọghọ Na-amaghị Nwoke Na Ntutu Isi ọcha'' |العذراء والشعر逆بيض |- |''Darb El Labbana'' |''Ụzọ mmiri ara ehi'' |уба اللبانة |- |''Motasharredan'' |''Ndị Abụọ Na-enweghị Ebe Obibi'' |Onye na-achị achị |- | rowspan="2" |1984 |''Rayya W Skina'' |''Rayya na Skina'' |Ọ bụ n'ihi ya ka a na-akpọ Hurricane |- |''Min Fina El Harami'' |''Ònye bụ Onye Ozu N'etiti Anyị'' |Nke a na-eme ka ndị mmadụ nwee mmetụta dị ukwuu |- |1985 |''Khalli Balak Ndị ikom 'A'lak'' |''Kpachara Anya Maka Uche Gị'' |Ọ na-agba m n'ụgbọ |- | rowspan="4" |1986 |''Afas El Harim'' |'' Cage Ụmụ nwanyị'' |N'ihi ya, ọ bụ n'ebe a na-akpọ "Kaf" |- |''El Toq W El Eswerah'' |''Mkpịsị Mkpịga na Mkpịaka'' |الطوق والأسورة |- |''Kesaa 'El Sad'' |''Okporo ámá Dam'' |obodo السد |- |''Madam Shalata'' |''Oriakụ Shalata'' |Madam na-akpata |- |1988 |''El Mar'ah W El Qanun'' |''Nwaanyị na Iwu'' |Ọ na-eme ihe n'oge na-adịghị anya |- | rowspan="2" |1989 |''Fedihet El 'Omr'' |''Ihe ihere nke Ndụ'' |فضيحة العمر |- |''El Morshed'' |''Akwụkwọ Nduzi'' |Ọ bụ n'ihi na ọ bụ n'ebe ahụ ka ọ na- |- |1990 |''AEl 'A'Arab'' |''Akị mmiri'' |Ọkụ |- |1992 |''El Hobb W El Ro'b'' |''Ịhụnanya na Egwu'' |N'ihi ya, ọ ga-abụrịrị na ọ ga-esi na-aga n'ihu |- |1993 |''Crystal'' |''Crystal'' |كريستال |- |1994 |''Su' El Nesa'' |''Ahịa Ụmụ nwanyị'' |سوق النساء |- | rowspan="3" |1995 |''Yom Harr Geddan'' |''Ụbọchị Dị Oké Okpomọkụ'' |Ọ bụrụ na ị na-achịkwa |- |''Keshsh Malek'' |''Onye na-eme ntụle'' |Kish ملك |- |''Mit Foll'' |Otu narị Sambac (slang maka Great) |Ugboro ole na ole |- |1996 |''Gabr El Khawater'' |''Mmetụta ọmịiko'' |Jibr الخواطر |- | rowspan="2" |1997 |''Ara' El Balah'' |''Oge mmanya'' |Ọ bụ n'ihi na ọ bụ n'oge a ka a na-eme ihe nkiri |- |''Lamada'' |''Lamada'' |Ọ dị ọcha |- |2001 |''El Eshk W El Damm'' |''Ịhụnanya na Ọbara'' |Ọchịchị Ọchịchị |- |} === Telivishọn === {| class="wikitable" !Afọ !Aha (Transliterated) !Isiokwu (A sụgharịrị) !Aha (Arabic) !Onye nduzi !Onye edemede !Onye na-ede egwu !Onye na-eme ihe nkiri |- |1985 |''Alf Lela W Lela'' |''1001 N'abalị'' |Iji mee ka ndị mmadụ na-eme ihe | rowspan="3" |Fahmy Abdel Hameed | rowspan="2" |Taher Abou Fasha |Ọ bụ n"ụzọ bụ́ isi El Mogi | rowspan="3" |Hasan Afify |- |1986 |<nowiki><i id="mw9w">Fawazir El Amthal</i></nowiki> |''Ilu Ndị Agba'' |Ọ bụrụ na ị na-eme ihe n'ụzọ dị mfe |Sayyed Mekkawi |- |1987 |''Hawl Al Alam'' |''Gburugburu Ụwa'' |Ọ bụ onye na-agba chaa chaa |Abdel Salam Amin |Helmy Bakr |- |1993 |''Hagat Anyị Mehtagat'' |''Ihe & Mkpa'' |Haja na-alụ ọgụ |Gamal Abdel Hameed |Sayyed Hegab |Moudy El Emam |Atef Awadh |} == Ihe nkiri == {| class="wikitable" !Afọ !Aha (Transliterated) !Isiokwu (A sụgharịrị) !Aha (Arabic) |- |Afọ ndị 1970 |''Rob' Dastet Ashrar'' |''Akụkụ nke Iri na Abụọ'' |Ọchịchị a na-akpọ أشرار |- |1982 |''Sokk 'Ala Banatak'' |''Kwụsị Ụmụ Gị'' |Ọkụ a na-akpọ |- | rowspan="2" |1984 |''Enta Horr'' |''Ị nwere onwe gị'' |Nwanyị ahụ |- |''Mahzooz'' |''Ọ na-ama jijiji'' |المهزوز |- |1986-1988 |''<nowiki/>'Alashan Khater Eyunek'' |''Maka Anya Gị'' |Ịla ahịa |- |1991-1994 |''Share' Mohammed Ali'' |''Mohammed Ali Street'' |شارع محمد علي |} مسرحية كوكو شنل 20 21 N'afọ 2022 2022 FIFA World Cup Draw Onye ọbịa pụrụ iche == Ebensidee == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * Official website * Sherihan on Twitter [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] j83s857n4bc4vnwthfpqw4l3z8t0d5f 0 17054 644480 580866 2026-05-31T05:38:28Z King ChristLike 13051 644480 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Category:Articles with hCards]] '''Clare Ezeakacha''' (amụrụ na Mee 26, 1985) bụ onye Naijiria na-eme ihe nkiri, onye na-emepụta ihe nkiri, onye nduzi ihe nkiri Naijiria, onye mgbasa ozi na [[Actor|onye]] na-ahụ maka ụmụaka nke a maara maka ihe nkiri ya ''Arima'' na Gone Grey .<ref>{{Cite web|title=Actress, Clare Ezeakacha Exposes ‘The Employee’|url=https://www.thenigerianvoice.com/movie/248790/actress-clare-ezeakacha-exposes-the-employee.html|work=thenigerianvoice.com|accessdate=7 August 2021|date=12 April 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Charming Nollywood Movie Producer, Clare Ezeakacha Celebrates Birthday With Darling Photos|url=https://diamondcelebrities.org/2017/05/26/charming-nollywood-movie-producer-clare-ezeakacha-celebrates-birthday-with-darling-photos/|work=diamondcelebrities.org|accessdate=7 August 2021|date=26 May 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=I Was Supposed to be a Reverend Sister…Nollywood Producer, Clare Ezeakacha|url=https://www.thenigerianvoice.com/movie/249858/i-was-supposed-to-be-a-reverend-sisternollywood-producer-c.html|work=thenigerianvoice.com|accessdate=7 August 2021|date=29 April 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=After 5years at The Convent, My Parents Were Asked to Take me Away…Producer, Clare Ezeakacha|url=https://www.nollywoodgists.com/news/46325/after-5years-at-the-convent-my-parents-were-asked-.html|work=nollywoodgists.com|accessdate=9 August 2021|date=4 May 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=ARIMA|url=https://worldfilmfair.com/film/arima|work=worldfilmfair.com|accessdate=9 August 2021|date=20 July 2017|archivedate=9 August 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210809181017/https://worldfilmfair.com/film/arima}}</ref> == Oge ọ malitere == A mụrụ Clare Ezeakacha na [[Lagos]] mana ọ bu onye Anambra State, Nigeria. Ọ gara Charles Heery Memorial Junior na Secondary maka agụmakwụkwọ ya dị ala. Ezeakacha nwere BSc na Computer Science site na [[University of Nigeria|Mahadum]] Madonna, Elele na diplọma postgraduate site na Machịum Nigeria Nsukka. == Ọrụ == Clare malitere ọrụ ya na 2011 dị ka onye na-eme ihe nkiri.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Moviemaking, a whole new experience – Clare Ezeakacha|url=https://dailytrust.com/amp/moviemaking-a-whole-new-experience-clare-ezeakacha|work=dailytrust.com|accessdate=7 August 2021|date=4 May 2016|archivedate=9 August 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210809184013/https://dailytrust.com/amp/moviemaking-a-whole-new-experience-clare-ezeakacha}}</ref> N'afọ 2016, ọ banyere n'ime ihe nkiri ma mepụta ma duzie ọtụtụ ihe nkiri [[nollywood]], gụnyere: "Jack of All Trade", "Two Wrongs", "Arima" na "Smoke" nke a họpụtara maka asọmpi kacha mma na 2018 Africa International Film Festival.<ref>{{Cite web|title=final selection 2018|url=https://afriff.com/final-selection-2018/|work=afriff.com|accessdate=7 August 2021|date=12 November 2018|archivedate=9 August 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210809182512/https://afriff.com/final-selection-2018/}}</ref> == Ihe nkiri ndị ahọpụtara (dị ka onye nduzi) == * ''Anwụrụ ọkụ'' (2018) * ''Arima'' (2017)<ref>{{Cite web|title=Arima|url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt7298372/|work=imdb.com|accessdate=7 August 2021|date=17 July 2017}}</ref> * Ordinary Fellow (2018) (onye na-enyere ''onye'' nduzi aka) == Ihe nkiri ndị ahọpụtara (dị ka onye na-emepụta) == * ''Ọ'' bụ Grey Gone (2016)<ref>{{Cite web|title=Kidnappers Turn Against Their Leader After Kidnapping Millionaire|url=https://www.nigeriafilms.com/movie-news/76-behind-the-scene/36359-kidnappers-turn-against-their-leader-after-kidnapping-millionaire|work=nigeriafilms.com|accessdate=7 August 2021|date=2 March 2016|archivedate=9 August 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210809181008/https://www.nigeriafilms.com/movie-news/76-behind-the-scene/36359-kidnappers-turn-against-their-leader-after-kidnapping-millionaire}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Xplore Reviews: Gone Grey|url=https://xplorenollywood.com/xplore-reviews-gone-grey/|work=xplorenollywood.com|accessdate=7 August 2021|date=1 July 2016}}</ref> * ''Arima'' (2017) * ''Onye Ọrụ'' (2017) * Mystified (2017) (onye na-emepụta ihe)<ref>{{Cite web|title=Clare Ezeakacha|url=https://www.imdb.com/name/nm9229615/?ref_=tt_ov_dr|work=imdb.com|accessdate=7 August 2021|date=5 September 2017}}</ref> * JOAT, Jack nke Azụmaahịa Nile (2017)<ref>{{Cite web|title=Actor, Rotimi Salami is now Jack of all Trade ‘JOAT’|url=https://www.modernghana.com/nollywood/31709/actor-rotimi-salami-is-now-jack-of-all-trade.html|work=modernghana.com|accessdate=7 August 2021|date=5 June 2017}}</ref> * ''Ihe Ọjọọ Abụọ'' (2019)<ref>{{Cite web|title=Two Wrongs|url=https://www.kinopoisk.ru/film/4496849/cast/|work=kinopoisk.ru|accessdate=7 August 2021|date=2 December 2019}}</ref> * ''Naanị Ndị Enyi'' (2020) == Ihe nrite == {| class="wikitable sortable" !Afọ !Ihe nrite !Ụdị !Ihe nkiri !Nsonaazụ |- ! scope="row" |2018 |Emume ihe nkiri mba ụwa nke Afrịka |''Nke kacha mma mkpirikpi'' |Anwụrụ ọkụ<ref>{{Cite web|title=AFRIFF 2018: 30 Nigerian films made it to final selection|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/afriff-2018-30-nigerian-films-made-it-to-final-selection/490z9w7|work=pulse.ng|accessdate=7 August 2021|date=14 November 2018|archivedate=29 October 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211029175321/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/afriff-2018-30-nigerian-films-made-it-to-final-selection/490z9w7}}</ref> | {{Nom}} |- |} == Hụkwa == * Ndepụta nke ndị na-emepụta ihe nkiri Naijiria == Ebensidee == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * {{IMDb name|9229615|name=Clare Ezeakacha}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20231103055827/https://omalivingshow.com/2020/12/04/clare-ezeakacha-wins-the-oma-living-show-unsung-heroes-award-2020-in-the-regional-spirit-category/ CLARE EZEAKACHA meriri OMA na-ebi ndụ na-ahọrọ ndị dike na-enweghị ihe nrite 2020 na mpaghara ahụ na-eme egwuregwu.] * [https://www.hbeonline.com/single-post/clare-ezeakacha-nigeria-speaking-up Clare Ezeakacha na-ekwu okwu na Naịjirịa] {{DEFAULTSORT:Ezeakacha, Clare}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] r9vnbon91n53z84vopr0lft0v0yirei 0 17154 644599 94502 2026-05-31T10:13:22Z ~2026-32314-82 62081 Fixed reference errors 644599 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Category:Pages using infobox person with unknown empty parameters|weightTahar Cheriaa]] [[Category:Pages using infobox person with unknown empty parameters|residenceTahar Cheriaa]] [[Category:Pages using infobox person with unknown empty parameters|religionTahar Cheriaa]] [[Category:Pages using infobox person with unknown empty parameters|salaryTahar Cheriaa]] [[Category:Articles with hCards]] '''Tahar Cheriaa''' (January 5, 1927 - November 4, 2010) bụ [[Tunisia|onye Tunisia]] na-enyocha ihe. Ọ bụ onye guzobere Carthage Film Festival na 1966, mmemme ihe nkiri mbụ nke Panafrican na Panarab. == Akụkọ ndụ == A mụrụ Cheriaa na Sayada na [[Tunisia]]. Ọ bụ onye guzobere Carthage Film Festival na 1966 ma duzie ihe omume ise mbụ a na-eme kwa afọ.<ref name="bio" /> Cheria tinyere aka na ntụgharị nke uri Arabic. Ọ bụ onye edemede na ọnụ na-ekwuchitere omenala ihe nkiri Arab-African. E nyere ya Grand Cordon of National Merit .<ref name="bio">{{Cite web|title=Cinema: Tunisia; JCC Founder Tahar Cheriaa has died|url=http://ansamed.biz/en/tunisia/news/ME.XEF89216.html|publisher=ansamed.biz|accessdate=31 December 2012|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20130115082142/http://ansamed.biz/en/tunisia/news/ME.XEF89216.html|archivedate=15 January 2013}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://archive.today/20130115082142/http://ansamed.biz/en/tunisia/news/ME.XEF89216.html "Cinema: Tunisia; JCC Founder Tahar Cheriaa has died"]. ansamed.biz. Archived from [http://ansamed.biz/en/tunisia/news/ME.XEF89216.html the original] on 15 January 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 December</span> 2012</span>.</cite></ref> Cheriaa nwụrụ na Ezzahra n'afọ 2010. E liri ya n'obodo ya Sayada. == Ebensidee == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * Media related to Tahar Cheriaa at Wikimedia Commons dumqn0igqf939io8q5vv4npagwkby0z 0 17450 644279 194113 2026-05-30T20:17:47Z Sylvaline39 15355 fixed reference error 644279 wikitext text/x-wiki  {{databox}} [[Category:Articles with hCards]] V. Mitch McEwen (amụrụ n'afọ 1978) bụ onye Amerịka na-ese ụkpụrụ ụlọ na onye na-eme atụmatụ obodo, onye na-ahụ maka ọdịbendị, na onye enyemaka prọfesọ na Princeton University School of Architecture.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Bordonaro|first=Agatha|title=Imagining the Changing Shape of Architecture|url=https://paw.princeton.edu/article/imagining-changing-shape-architecture|work=Princeton Alumni Weekly|publisher=Princeton University|accessdate=23 April 2021|date=12 February 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-06-15|title=V. Mitch McEwen: COVID-19 and White Supremacy are Dual Pandemics|url=https://www.surfacemag.com/articles/v-mitch-mcewen-surface-summer-school/|accessdate=2021-03-31|work=SURFACE|language=en-US}}</ref><ref name="Princeton faculty page">{{Cite web|title=V. Mitch McEwen|url=https://soa.princeton.edu/content/v.-mitch-mcewen|work=Princeton University School of Architecture|accessdate=23 February 2021}}</ref> Ọ bụ onye isi nke McEwen Studio na onye guzobere Atelier Office, ihe imewe na omenala na-arụ ọrụ n'ime mpaghara nke ime obodo, teknụzụ, na nka.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-07-30|title=How Atelier Office Is Upending the Architectural Paradigm|url=https://www.metropolismag.com/architecture/atelier-office-profile/|accessdate=2021-03-31|work=Metropolis|language=en-US}}</ref> McEwen bụ onye nchoputa na onye otu Black Reconstruction Collective na onye otu Van Alen Institute na [[New York City|New York]].<ref>{{Cite web|author=Entertainment|first=The only biannual Magazine for Architectural|title=RECONSTRUCTIONS PORTRAIT: V. Mitch McEwen on the lost futures of reconstruction|url=https://pinupmagazine.org/articles/interview-v-mitch-mcewen-black-reconstruction-collective|accessdate=2021-03-31|work=pinupmagazine.org|language=en}}</ref><ref name="Van Alen Institute">{{Cite web|title=V. Mitch McEwen*|url=https://www.vanalen.org/profiles/v-mitch-mcewen/|accessdate=2021-03-31|work=Van Alen Institute|language=en-US}}</ref> A họpụtara ya maka United States Artists Fellowship ma nye ya 2010 New York State Council na Arts Independent Projects Award for Architecture, Planning and Design. == Agụmakwụkwọ na ọrụ == McEwen nwetara nzere Master of Architecture na Mahadum Columbia dị na New York City na B.A. na Social Studies na Harvard College dị na Cambridge, MA.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Constructing Practice: McEwen Studio|url=https://www.arch.columbia.edu/media-archive/podcasts/54|work=Columbia University Graduate School of Architecture, Planning and Preservation|accessdate=23 April 2021|date=5 February 2018}}</ref><ref name="Van Alen Institute">{{Cite web|title=V. Mitch McEwen*|url=https://www.vanalen.org/profiles/v-mitch-mcewen/|accessdate=2021-03-31|work=Van Alen Institute|language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://www.vanalen.org/profiles/v-mitch-mcewen/ "V. Mitch McEwen*"]. </cite></ref> McEwen bụ osote prọfesọ na Mahadum Columbia na, site na 2014 ruo 2017, osote profesa na Mahadim nke [[Michigan]]'s Taubman College of Architecture and Urban Planning; n'oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ nke afọ 2017, ọ sonyeere Princeton dị ka osote pròfesọ na Architecture.<ref>{{Cite web|title=V. Mitch McEwen|url=https://www.aiany.org/jury/v-mitch-mcewen/|accessdate=2021-04-23|work=AIA New York|language=en-US}}</ref><ref name="Princeton faculty page"/> N'afọ 2014, McEwen natara onyinye nyocha nke Graham Foundation maka ọrụ ya bụ House Opera Opera, e nyekwara ya onyinye nke abụọ nke Graham Foundation n'afọ 2016 maka ''Methexis'': The Algorithmic Recitative, mmekọrịta ya na Farzin Lotfi-Jam nke egosiri na MOCAD na [[Detroit]].McEwen natara onyinye 2015 site na Knight Foundation maka ọrụ ọ gara n'ihu na ụlọ obodo na Detroit.<ref name="Graham 2014">{{Cite web|title=Dawn Lundy Martin, V. Mitch McEwen & Sienna Shields |url=http://www.grahamfoundation.org/grantees/5163-house-opera-opera-house |date=2014|work=Graham Foundation|accessdate=23 April 2021}}</ref><ref name="Graham 2016">{{Cite web|title=Methexis: The Algorithmic Recitative |url=http://www.grahamfoundation.org/grantees/5462-methexis-the-algorithmic-recitative |work=Graham Foundation|accessdate=23 April 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=When a house is an opera: Creating spaces for art in Detroit|url=https://knightfoundation.org/articles/when-house-opera-creating-spaces-art-detroit/|accessdate=2021-03-31|work=Knight Foundation|language=en-US}}</ref> N'afọ 2016, a họọrọ McEwen's A(n) Office dị ka otu n'ime usoro ihe owuwu iri na abụọ gụnyere na United States Pavilion maka 15th Venice Architecture Biennale.<ref>{{Cite web|title=USA Pavilion's Speculative Projects For Detroit -The Architectural Imagination At The Venice Biennale|url=https://worldarchitecture.org/architecture-news/cemcz/usa_pavilion_s_speculative_projects_for_detroit_the_architectural_imagination_at_the_venice_biennale.html|work=World Architecture|accessdate=23 April 2021|date=4 June 2016}}</ref> A họpụtara ya dị ka onye nlekọta nke New Museum's IDEAS city initiative n'afọ 2018.<ref>{{Cite web|title=V. Mitch McEwen to Curate the New Museum's IdeasCity Initiative|url=https://www.artandeducation.net/news/209775/v-mitch-mcewen-to-curate-the-new-museum-s-ideascity-initiative|work=Art & Education|accessdate=23 April 2021|date=25 July 2018}}</ref> Na Febụwarị afọ 2021, a gụnyere ọrụ ya na ihe ngosi MoMA Reconstructions: Architecture and Blackness in America, ihe ngosi ihe owuwu mbụ nke ebe ngosi ihe mgbe ochie na-egosipụta njikọ dị n'etiti ihe owuwu na ọdịbendị na obodo [[Ndị Afụrịka ǹkè Amerịka|ndị Afrịka Amerịka]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Reconstructions: Architecture and Blackness in America|url=https://www.moma.org/calendar/exhibitions/5219|accessdate=2021-03-31|work=The Museum of Modern Art|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=V. Mitch McEwen. White supremacy in architecture|url=https://www.moma.org/audio/playlist/312/4034|accessdate=2021-03-31|work=The Museum of Modern Art|language=en}}</ref> N'ajụjụ ọnụ ''New York Times'' na "ìgwè ọhụrụ nke ndị Black architects na ndị na-ese ihe", onye na-ese onyinyo ibe ya bụ Emanuel Admassu kwuru na otu ahụ na-arụ ọrụ iji "nweghachi nkwa ka ukwuu, nke obodo nke ụlọ".<ref name="NYT Black Reconstruction Collective Interview">{{Cite news|author=Kimmelman|first=Michael|date=2021-03-11|title=How Can Blackness Construct America?|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/03/11/arts/design/black-architecture-moma.html|accessdate=2021-03-31}}</ref> Magazin ihe owuwu Dezeen gbara McEwen ajụjụ ọnụ maka edemede akpọrọ Twenty-two women architects and designers you should know.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-03-08|title=Twenty-two women architects and designers you should know|url=https://www.dezeen.com/2021/03/08/international-womens-day-architects-designers/|accessdate=2021-05-05|work=Dezeen|language=en}}</ref> == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] d3s3i6cxddxgcf6uno0uszwqf54xum7 644283 644279 2026-05-30T20:19:21Z Sylvaline39 15355 fixed reference error 644283 wikitext text/x-wiki  {{databox}} [[Category:Articles with hCards]] V. Mitch McEwen (amụrụ n'afọ 1978) bụ onye Amerịka na-ese ụkpụrụ ụlọ na onye na-eme atụmatụ obodo, onye na-ahụ maka ọdịbendị, na onye enyemaka prọfesọ na Princeton University School of Architecture.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Bordonaro|first=Agatha|title=Imagining the Changing Shape of Architecture|url=https://paw.princeton.edu/article/imagining-changing-shape-architecture|work=Princeton Alumni Weekly|publisher=Princeton University|accessdate=23 April 2021|date=12 February 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-06-15|title=V. Mitch McEwen: COVID-19 and White Supremacy are Dual Pandemics|url=https://www.surfacemag.com/articles/v-mitch-mcewen-surface-summer-school/|accessdate=2021-03-31|work=SURFACE|language=en-US}}</ref><ref name="Princeton faculty page">{{Cite web|title=V. Mitch McEwen|url=https://soa.princeton.edu/content/v.-mitch-mcewen|work=Princeton University School of Architecture|accessdate=23 February 2021}}</ref> Ọ bụ onye isi nke McEwen Studio na onye guzobere Atelier Office, ihe imewe na omenala na-arụ ọrụ n'ime mpaghara nke ime obodo, teknụzụ, na nka.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-07-30|title=How Atelier Office Is Upending the Architectural Paradigm|url=https://www.metropolismag.com/architecture/atelier-office-profile/|accessdate=2021-03-31|work=Metropolis|language=en-US}}</ref> McEwen bụ onye nchoputa na onye otu Black Reconstruction Collective na onye otu Van Alen Institute na [[New York City|New York]].<ref>{{Cite web|author=Entertainment|first=The only biannual Magazine for Architectural|title=RECONSTRUCTIONS PORTRAIT: V. Mitch McEwen on the lost futures of reconstruction|url=https://pinupmagazine.org/articles/interview-v-mitch-mcewen-black-reconstruction-collective|accessdate=2021-03-31|work=pinupmagazine.org|language=en}}</ref><ref name="Van Alen Institute">{{Cite web|title=V. Mitch McEwen*|url=https://www.vanalen.org/profiles/v-mitch-mcewen/|accessdate=2021-03-31|work=Van Alen Institute|language=en-US}}</ref> A họpụtara ya maka United States Artists Fellowship ma nye ya 2010 New York State Council na Arts Independent Projects Award for Architecture, Planning and Design. == Agụmakwụkwọ na ọrụ == McEwen nwetara nzere Master of Architecture na Mahadum Columbia dị na New York City na B.A. na Social Studies na Harvard College dị na Cambridge, MA.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Constructing Practice: McEwen Studio|url=https://www.arch.columbia.edu/media-archive/podcasts/54|work=Columbia University Graduate School of Architecture, Planning and Preservation|accessdate=23 April 2021|date=5 February 2018}}</ref><ref name="Van Alen Institute"/> McEwen bụ osote prọfesọ na Mahadum Columbia na, site na 2014 ruo 2017, osote profesa na Mahadim nke [[Michigan]]'s Taubman College of Architecture and Urban Planning; n'oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ nke afọ 2017, ọ sonyeere Princeton dị ka osote pròfesọ na Architecture.<ref>{{Cite web|title=V. Mitch McEwen|url=https://www.aiany.org/jury/v-mitch-mcewen/|accessdate=2021-04-23|work=AIA New York|language=en-US}}</ref><ref name="Princeton faculty page"/> N'afọ 2014, McEwen natara onyinye nyocha nke Graham Foundation maka ọrụ ya bụ House Opera Opera, e nyekwara ya onyinye nke abụọ nke Graham Foundation n'afọ 2016 maka ''Methexis'': The Algorithmic Recitative, mmekọrịta ya na Farzin Lotfi-Jam nke egosiri na MOCAD na [[Detroit]].McEwen natara onyinye 2015 site na Knight Foundation maka ọrụ ọ gara n'ihu na ụlọ obodo na Detroit.<ref name="Graham 2014">{{Cite web|title=Dawn Lundy Martin, V. Mitch McEwen & Sienna Shields |url=http://www.grahamfoundation.org/grantees/5163-house-opera-opera-house |date=2014|work=Graham Foundation|accessdate=23 April 2021}}</ref><ref name="Graham 2016">{{Cite web|title=Methexis: The Algorithmic Recitative |url=http://www.grahamfoundation.org/grantees/5462-methexis-the-algorithmic-recitative |work=Graham Foundation|accessdate=23 April 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=When a house is an opera: Creating spaces for art in Detroit|url=https://knightfoundation.org/articles/when-house-opera-creating-spaces-art-detroit/|accessdate=2021-03-31|work=Knight Foundation|language=en-US}}</ref> N'afọ 2016, a họọrọ McEwen's A(n) Office dị ka otu n'ime usoro ihe owuwu iri na abụọ gụnyere na United States Pavilion maka 15th Venice Architecture Biennale.<ref>{{Cite web|title=USA Pavilion's Speculative Projects For Detroit -The Architectural Imagination At The Venice Biennale|url=https://worldarchitecture.org/architecture-news/cemcz/usa_pavilion_s_speculative_projects_for_detroit_the_architectural_imagination_at_the_venice_biennale.html|work=World Architecture|accessdate=23 April 2021|date=4 June 2016}}</ref> A họpụtara ya dị ka onye nlekọta nke New Museum's IDEAS city initiative n'afọ 2018.<ref>{{Cite web|title=V. Mitch McEwen to Curate the New Museum's IdeasCity Initiative|url=https://www.artandeducation.net/news/209775/v-mitch-mcewen-to-curate-the-new-museum-s-ideascity-initiative|work=Art & Education|accessdate=23 April 2021|date=25 July 2018}}</ref> Na Febụwarị afọ 2021, a gụnyere ọrụ ya na ihe ngosi MoMA Reconstructions: Architecture and Blackness in America, ihe ngosi ihe owuwu mbụ nke ebe ngosi ihe mgbe ochie na-egosipụta njikọ dị n'etiti ihe owuwu na ọdịbendị na obodo [[Ndị Afụrịka ǹkè Amerịka|ndị Afrịka Amerịka]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Reconstructions: Architecture and Blackness in America|url=https://www.moma.org/calendar/exhibitions/5219|accessdate=2021-03-31|work=The Museum of Modern Art|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=V. Mitch McEwen. White supremacy in architecture|url=https://www.moma.org/audio/playlist/312/4034|accessdate=2021-03-31|work=The Museum of Modern Art|language=en}}</ref> N'ajụjụ ọnụ ''New York Times'' na "ìgwè ọhụrụ nke ndị Black architects na ndị na-ese ihe", onye na-ese onyinyo ibe ya bụ Emanuel Admassu kwuru na otu ahụ na-arụ ọrụ iji "nweghachi nkwa ka ukwuu, nke obodo nke ụlọ".<ref name="NYT Black Reconstruction Collective Interview">{{Cite news|author=Kimmelman|first=Michael|date=2021-03-11|title=How Can Blackness Construct America?|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/03/11/arts/design/black-architecture-moma.html|accessdate=2021-03-31}}</ref> Magazin ihe owuwu Dezeen gbara McEwen ajụjụ ọnụ maka edemede akpọrọ Twenty-two women architects and designers you should know.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-03-08|title=Twenty-two women architects and designers you should know|url=https://www.dezeen.com/2021/03/08/international-womens-day-architects-designers/|accessdate=2021-05-05|work=Dezeen|language=en}}</ref> == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 678o40re8y3hp3vhys0cahxbtorxd7o 0 17656 644013 165576 2026-05-30T13:43:01Z Iwuala chisom 17246 Fixed reference errors 644013 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} Surulere bụ ebe obibi na azụmahịa ndi Gọọmentị Obodo nke dị na mpaghara Lagos na [[Lagos]] Steeti, Naijiria, nke nwere mpaghara 23 km2 (8.9 ). Na ọnụ ọgụgụ ikpeazụ n'afọ 2006, e nwere ndị bi na 503,975, na ọnụ ọgụgụ mmadụ 21,864 kwa square kilomita. Obodo gọọmentị dị n'ókè Yaba, [[Mushin, Lagos|Mushin]] na Ebute-Metta.<ref name=":0"/> N'oge mmepe obodo nke Lagos, obodo ahụ gbasara n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ nke ọdọ mmiri ya, nke gụnyere Surulere nke oge a.<ref name="Lagos State Information">{{Cite web|url=http://www.nigerianstat.gov.ng/information/details/Lagos|title=Lagos State Information|publisher=National Bureau of Statistics|accessdate=25 October 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151109140122/http://nigerianstat.gov.ng/information/details/Lagos|archivedate=9 November 2015}}</ref> Ezinaụlọ si n'ógbè dị iche iche nke mba ahụ ebiela na Surulere n'akụkọ ihe mere eme. Na mgbakwunye na ndị bi na Lagos, n'ime narị afọ nke iri na itoolu, ndị Brazil na ndị Cuba dị iche iche nwere onwe ha, ndị a na-akpọ '''Aguda''' ma ọ bụ <nowiki><i id="mwHw">Saros</i></nowiki>, biri na Surulere. Ndị Naijiria si n'ógbè ugwu na mbụ kwụsịrị na Idi-Araba, ebe ọtụtụ ndị si n'akụkụ ọwụwa anyanwụ nọ n'ọ́ dị iche iche mana ọ bụ n'óù Obele, Ikate, na Aguda. Ndị bi na Lagos Island bụ ndị zụrụ ma ọ bụ gbazite ala n'aka gọọmentị na Aworis biri na New Lagos. N'ụzọ dị iche, ndị ọzọ biri na mpaghara Itire, Lawanson, Ojuelegba, Animashaun, na Shitta.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|title=Our town series|author=Lagos State (Nigeria)|date=1992|publisher=The Dept.|location=Lagos|language=en|oclc=37372024}}<cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFLagos_State_(Nigeria)Ministry_of_InformationPublic_Information_DepartmentLagos_State_(Nigeria)1992">Lagos State (Nigeria); Ministry of Information, Culture, Youth & Sports; Public Information Department; Lagos State (Nigeria); Ministry of Information and Culture; Public Information Department (1992). </cite></ref> Mpaghara New Lagos, nke a makwaara dị ka Surulere Re-Housing Estate, so n'ime ọrụ ụlọ ọha na eze mbụ na Naịjirịa. Itire, otu n'ime ebe obibi dị na Surulere nwere ikike ọdịnala a ma ama na Onitire nke Itire.<ref name=":0" /> Festac '77, nke a makwaara dị ka Ememme Black na Afrikan nke Abụọ nke nka na ọdịbendị bụ emume omenala nke emere na Surulere Lagos, Nigeria, site na 15 Jenụwarị 1977 ruo 12 Febụwarị 1977.<ref name="post">{{Cite news|author=Jonathan|first=Randall|title=FESTAC: Upbeat Finale|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/1977/02/14/festac-upbeat-finale/e97a144d-bd6a-4e03-ba18-e0be4217d057/|accessdate=22 August 2015|work=Washington Post|date=14 February 1977}}</ref> Ọ bụ ebe obibi nke Lagos National Stadium (nke nwere ike 60,000) nke e wuru na 1972 maka egwuregwu All-Africa. A hapụrụ ámá egwuregwu ahụ ka ọ na-emebiwanye kemgbe afọ 2002.<ref>{{Cite news|title=The abandoned National Stadium in Lagos (Editorial)|url=http://odili.net/news/source/2006/nov/9/24.html|work=The Guardian (Lagos)|publisher=Guardian Newspapers Limited, via nigeriaworld.com|date=2006-11-09|accessdate=2008-02-13}}</ref> Otú ọ dị, na nkwadebe maka 2009 Under 17 FIFA World Cup, e meziwanyere ihe owuwu ahụ, ihe omume ahụ malitekwara n'ụzọ gara nke ọma n'ọnwa Ọktoba afọ 2009.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200910080583.html|title=U-17 - Surulere Gets Ready|author=Solomon Nwoke|date=8 October 2009|publisher=Vanguard|accessdate=2009-10-23}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/africa/8322853.stm|title=Nigeria ready for U17 World Cup|author=Oluwashina Okeleji|publisher=BBC News|date=23 October 2009|accessdate=2009-10-23}}</ref> Surulere nwekwara ụlọ Teslim Balogun Stadium, a multi-service Stadium na-ejikarị eme egwuregwu bọọlụ nwere ihe karịrị iri abụọ na anọ oche ikike. Okporo ámá azụmahịa dị na Surulere bụ Western Avenue, Adeniran Ogunsanya, Adelabu, Ogunalana drive na Aguda, ahịa dị iche iche na-emeghe na-agbasa n'ógbè dị iche iche. Ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe dị na Iponri, Coker na Iganmu.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|title=Our town series|author=Lagos State (Nigeria)|date=1992|publisher=The Dept.|location=Lagos|language=en|oclc=37372024}}<cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFLagos_State_(Nigeria)Ministry_of_InformationPublic_Information_DepartmentLagos_State_(Nigeria)1992">Lagos State (Nigeria); Ministry of Information, Culture, Youth & Sports; Public Information Department; Lagos State (Nigeria); Ministry of Information and Culture; Public Information Department (1992). </cite></ref> Otu n'ime ebe kachasị ewu ewu na Surulere bụ Ojuelegba . A maara ya maka ebe jupụtara na mmadụ ma were ya dị ka otu n'ime ebe ndị mmadụ na-arụsi ọrụ ike na Lagos.Ọ bụ otu n'ime isi ụgbọ njem nke Lagos, na-ejikọ obodo ahụ na Lagos Island na Victoria Island. Ọ bụkwa ebe, onye egwu Naijiria a ma ama, [[Wizkid]] bụrụ abụ banyere ya n'otu n'ime egwu ya a ma ama "Ojuelegba".<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/arts-entertainment/music/213400-mama-2016-wizkid-wins-best-male-act.html|title=MAMA 2016: Wizkid wins Best Male Act - Premium Times Nigeria|date=22 October 2016}}</ref> Ụlọ mmepụta nkiri malitere na Surulere n'oge ngwụcha afọ 1980 ruo n'ime afọ 1990. Ọ bụ ebe obibi nke magazin Newbreed na President kwa ọnwa, nke Chief Chris Okolie guzobere, ruo mgbe mbipụta kwụsịrị na mbido afọ 1990. The Most Beautiful Girl in Nigeria '''MBGN''' beauty pageant and competition weere ọnọdụ na National Arts Theatre na 1988. N'afọ 2018, akara egwuregwu mba ụwa Nike Inc jikọrọ aka na [[Wizkid]] iji wepụta uwe egwuregwu dị mkpirikpi, na-eweta aha ọjọọ na ọnụnọ ọdịbendị nke Surulere na obodo Lagos n'ụwa niile.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Nike and Wizkid Celebrate Surulere, Lagos, Nigeria|url=https://news.nike.com/news/wizkid-starboy-nike-soccer-jersey|accessdate=7 September 2018|publisher=Nike News}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=Pictures: Wizkid Collaborates With Nike For Starboy Jersey|url=https://guardian.ng/life/pictures-wizkid-collaborates-with-nike-for-starboy-jersey/|accessdate=7 September 2018|publisher=[[The Guardian (Nigeria)|The Guardian Nigeria]]|date=27 August 2018}}</ref> Vidio Beyoncé "Key to the Kingdom" site na ''Black'' is King gosipụtara Surulere National Arts Theater n'ụzọ pụtara ìhè na foto mmeghe ya.   * Eric Olawolu Moore,† onye so n'ezinụlọ eze ''Egba''.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Historical Facts About Lagos State: Victoria Island Was Named After Queen Victoria By The British Govt|url=https://naijagists.com/historical-facts-about-lagos-state-victoria-island-was-named-after-queen-victoria-by-the-british-govt-eric-teniola/|work=naijagists.com|accessdate=26 April 2020}}</ref> * [[Wizkid]], onye na-edekọ egwu a ma ama n'ụwa niile. * Waidi Akanni, onye bụbu onye na-agba bọọlụ mba na onye isi. * [[Babatunde Fashola]], onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na onye bụbu gọvanọ nke Lagos State. * Teslim Fatusi, onye bọọlụ mba ụwa. * [[Ade Olufeko]], onye na-enweta ihe nrite na teknụzụ na onye ọchụnta ego. * [[Desmond Elliot]], onye na-eme ihe nkiri na onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị. * Sam Phil-Ebosie,† Naịjirịa bụ onye na-anya ụgbọelu na-eto eto.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Ezeamalu|first=Ben|title=Sam Phil-Ebosie, not Favour Odozor, is Nigeria's youngest commercial flying pilot|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/131883-sam-phil-ebosie-not-favour-odozor-is-nigerias-youngest-commercial-flying-pilot.html|accessdate=26 April 2020|publisher=premiumtimesng.com|date=29 April 2013}}</ref> * [[Ramsey Nouah]], onye na-eme ihe nkiri a ma ama n'ụwa niile. * Bankulli, Onye na-agụ egwu na onye na-ede egwu. * Folashade Sherifat Jaji, onye na-emepụta kemịkal na onye ọrụ gọọmentị. * Tade Ogidan, onye nduzi ihe nkiri na telivishọn. * [[Damilola Adegbite]], onye na-eme ihe nkiri na onye na-ahụ maka telivishọn. * Aliko Dangote, onye Naijiria nwere ọtụtụ ijeri.<ref>{{Cite web|title=ALIKO DANGOTE Reveals His Other Sides •What He Told CNN About His Life|url=https://happenings.com.ng/aliko-dangote-reveals-sides-%E2%80%A2what-told-cnn-life/|work=happenings.com.ng|publisher=Happenings NG|accessdate=16 March 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180317102343/https://happenings.com.ng/aliko-dangote-reveals-sides-%E2%80%A2what-told-cnn-life/|archivedate=17 March 2018}}</ref> * [[Linda Ejiofor]], onye na-eme ihe nkiri telivishọn [[Tinsel (TV series)|Tinsel]]. * Rilwan Akiolu, Oba ọdịnala nke Lagos. * [[Bose Kaffo]], onye na-eme egwuregwu tennis table. * Femi Gbajabiamila, onye ọka iwu na onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị. * S.B. Bakare †, Stevedore Onye Ọchụnta ego * [[Bukky Ajayi]] †, Onye na-eme ihe nkiri. * Ikenna Azuike, onye ọka iwu na ''onye'' mgbasa ozi nke Naijiria. * [[Simi (singer)|Simi]], onye na-agụ egwu na onye na-ede egwu. * [[Samuel Okwaraji]] †, Onye na-agba bọọlụ (Ọ nwụrụ n'oge 1990 World- Cup qualifier) * Lanre Tejuosho, onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị. * Hakeem Olajuwon, onye na-agba bọọlụ bọọlụ lara ezumike nká, onye mmeri NBA 2×. * Pepenazi, onye Naijiria na-edekọ egwu * OJB Jezreel †, onye na-agụ egwu na onye na-ede egwu na Naijiria na onye na'ịmepụta ihe ndekọ. * [[Nneka Isaac Moses]], Naijiria na-eme ihe nkiri na onye na-emepụta ejiji. * Tayo Aderinokun †, onye isi ụlọ akụ. * Henry Dele Alake, onye nta akụkọ Naijiria, onye na-eme ngagharị iwe na onye na-ahụ maka teknụzụ. * [[Ken Nwadiogbu]], onye na-ese ihe. * [[Seyi Sodimu]], Onye na-agụ egwú na-ede egwú. * Victor Olaiya, onye na-afụ opi na onye na-eti egwu. * Adewale Maja-Pearce, onye edemede * A. Igoni Barrett, onye edemede<ref>"Local author publishes new book". </ref> * [[Gbemi Olateru Olagbegi]], Onye mgbasa ozi, On-Air Personality * [[Mojisolaoluwa Alli Macaulay]], onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị t0xkza1s7raciqlgwkzuhw2ux869ren 0 17895 644519 94735 2026-05-31T06:08:46Z Geraldine Kene 23189 Fixed reference error 644519 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Lionel Carter Jr'''<ref name="juff">{{Cite web|url=http://www.beatmakingvideos.com/Producer/yung-carter|title=Yung Carter's Profile On Beat Making Videos|accessdate=2015-01-30}}</ref>. (amụrụ na Julaị 8, 1992), nkè a maara nkè ọma dị ka aha egwu ya bụ '''Yung Carter''', bụ ónyé America na-emepụta ihe ndekọ si Anderson, South Carolina.<ref name="juff" /> Akara ya sitere na egwu, "Type Of Way" nke Rich Homie Quan. Ya na ndị na-ese ihe dịka French Montana, Rich Kidz, na Big K.R.I.T. arụkọwo ọrụ. == Mbido ndụ na ọrụ == Kemgbe Carter dị obere, ọ nwèrè mmasị na egwu. O nwèrè mmasị na R&B na rap ochie. Ọ na-akụ ọkpọ n'òtù ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị ya wee malite ịkụ ọkpọ na klas nke asatọ. Ọ naghị akpọ ụbọ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị, n'ihi na ọ masịghị òtù ha. N'oge na-adịghị ányá, ọ malitere ime ihe nke ya na egwu. Ọ malitere iwere egwu n'ụzọ siri ike mgbè ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Westside High school wee gaa kọleji na The Art Institute . Ónyé ya na Carter bi n'ọnụ ụlọ na-eme ihe ọ bụla, ọ ga-anọkwa ihe karịrị awa ise n'ụbọchị na kọmputa na-eme ọkpụkpụ. Na mbụ, Carter chọrọ injinia na idekọ màkà ndị na-ese ihe, mana mgbe ọ hụchara ọrụ ndị ya na ha bi, ọ kpaliri ya ịmalite imepụta ndekọ.<ref name="carter">{{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r9XDiePecQA|author=New Lyfe Media|date=2013-07-17|title=Yung Carter exclusive interview! Dir: Blakfokused Media|work=[[YouTube]]|accessdate=2015-01-30}}</ref> N'afọ 2011, Carter hapụrụ kọleji wee malite injinia na idekọ màkà ndị mmadụ, mana ọ naghị enweta ụdị ego ọ chọrọ. N'enweghị ọrụ ọzọ, ọ malitere ire egwu ya. Nwá nwanne nne ya Yung Jonez, na-akatọkarị egwu ya. Naanị iji masị nwa nwanne nne ya, Carter nọgidere na-anwa ime ka ụda ya dịkwuo mmá. Ka ọ na-amalite imeziwanye ihe Yung Carter, Yung Jonez malitere inwe mmasị na egwu ya. Ha zụlitere kemịkalụ egwu na ibe ha.<ref name="carter" /> N'ọnwa Mee afọ 2012, Carter zigara onye na-eti egwu Rich Homie Quan ugboro asatọ iji gee ntị. Rich Homie mechara gwa Carter na Instagram, na o ji otu n'ime ihe ndị o zitere ya mee abụ. Egwú a kapịrị ọnụ mechara bụrụ abụ "All I Need" site na Still Goin In mixtape.<ref name="tony">{{Cite web|url=http://hiphopsince1987.com/2013/videos/see-the-sound-yung-carter-breaks-down-making-rich-homie-quans-type-of-way-video/|author=Eldorado2452|date=2013|title=HHS1987's Behind The Beats with Yung Carter|accessdate=2015-01-30}}</ref> == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] qf7ba7a2o5dyru91e0inpfwst9mabcp 0 17913 644124 194835 2026-05-30T17:16:04Z Mirah50 16972 Fixed reference errors 644124 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Theodore Richard White''' (March 25, 1931 October 26, 2020) bụ ónyé ọchụnta ego America, ónyé na-ede egwu, ónyé na'emepụta egwu na ónyé si [[Detroit]], [[Michigan]].<ref name="KFH">[https://www.kempfuneralhome.com/obituaries/Theodore-White-5/#!/PhotosVideos Kemp Funeral Home, Mr. Theodore White, March 25, 1931 - October 26, 2020]</ref> White bụ onye njikwa na di mbụ nke ónyé na-agụ egwu mkpụrụ obi Aretha Franklin. Dị ka ónyé na-ede egwu, White dere ma ọ bụ soro dee egwu màkà Franklin, gụnyere "I Wonder (Where You Are Tonight)", "Lee Cross", "Dr. Feelgood", na "Think". A mụrụ White na Detroit, Michigan, na Machị 25, 1931.<ref name=":1">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Y5uyLgEfk34C&q=ted+white+aretha+franklin+march+25&pg=PT97|title=Higher Ground: Stevie Wonder, Aretha Franklin, Curtis Mayfield, and the Rise and Fall of American Soul|author=Werner|first=Craig|publisher=Crown/Archetype|year=2007|isbn=978-0-307-42087-9|language=en}}</ref> A kọwara ya na 1968 dị ka onye na-ere ahịa na ụlọ Detroit na onye na-azụ ahịa. O nwèrè ọtụtụ jukeboxes. White kọwara onwe ya dị ka ónyé na-akwalite sandlot tupu ọ weghara ọrụ nke ónyé na-agụ egwu Aretha Franklin na 1961.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Garland|first=Phyl|date=October 1967|title=Aretha Franklin – Sister Soul|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XXun934ThxwC&pg=PA50|journal=Ebony|pages=50}}</ref><ref name=":1" /> Ónyé na-agụ egwu Della Reese mere ka Franklin márá White na Twenty Grand Club na Detroit.<ref name=":4">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Z_aBDwAAQBAJ&q=ted+white+detroit+DELLA+REESE&pg=PT82|title=Aretha Franklin: The Queen of Soul|author=Bego|first=Mark|publisher=Simon and Schuster|year=2018|isbn=978-1-5107-4508-7|language=en}}</ref> Mgbe izu ole na ole nke mkpakọrịta nwoke na nwanyị gasịrị, ónyé ikpe nke udo lụrụ ha mgbè ha na-eme njem [[Ohaïyo|Ohio]] na 1961, mgbe Franklin dị afọ 18 na White dị afọ 30. Nna Franklin, C.L. Franklin, megidere njikọ ahụ. Onye na-emepụta Motown bụ Harvey Fuqua kọwara White dị ka ónyé na-ere ahịa.<ref name=":2">{{Cite magazine|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-features/aretha-franklin-tribute-cover-story-queen-729053/|title=The Queen: Aretha Franklin|last1=Gilmore|first1=Mikal|date=September 27, 2018|magazine=Rolling Stone}}</ref> === Ọnwụ na omenala pop === White nwụrụ na October 26, 2020 na Detroit, Michigan, afọ 89.<ref name="KFH">[https://www.kempfuneralhome.com/obituaries/Theodore-White-5/#!/PhotosVideos Kemp Funeral Home, Mr. Theodore White, March 25, 1931 - October 26, 2020]</ref> Malcolm Barrett gosipụtara White na ógè nke atọ nkè usoro anthology, Genius, na Marlon Wayans na 2021 Aretha Franklin biopic, Respect.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Victorian|first=Brande|date=March 23, 2021|title=Malcolm Barrett Explains Not Talking With Aretha Franklin's Ex-Husband Before 'Genius' Role|url=https://www.essence.com/entertainment/malcolm-barrett-explains-not-talking-with-aretha-franklins-ex-husband-before-genius-role/|accessdate=2021-11-12|work=Essence|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=Moore|first=Sam|date=2021-08-10|title=Aretha Franklin biopic avoided depicting husband Ted White as 'a monster'|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/films/news/respect-aretha-franklin-biopic-ted-white-marlon-wayans-b1899731.html|archiveurl=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220526/https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/films/news/respect-aretha-franklin-biopic-ted-white-marlon-wayans-b1899731.html|archivedate=May 26, 2022|accessdate=2021-11-12|work=The Independent|language=en}}</ref> == Ihe odide abụ == * 1963: Aretha Franklin "I Wonder (Ebe Ị nọ n'abalị a) * 1964: Walter Jackson "Lee Cross" * 1965: Aretha Franklin "N'enweghị Onye Ị hụrụ n'anya" * 1967: Aretha Franklin "Dr. Feelgood" * 1967: Aretha Franklin "Ahapụla m ka nrọ a laa n'iyi" * 1968: Aretha Franklin "Think" * 1968: Aretha Franklin "Ezigbo nye m dịka m bụ gị" * 1968: Aretha Franklin "Sweet Sweet Baby) Ebe ọ bụ na ị lara" == Edensibia == {{Reflist|2}} e71ps4jehhbqyeyd7i1yavnm8iex8t3 0 17927 643971 422285 2026-05-30T12:40:22Z Chiziqa 13055 Fixed reference error 643971 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Chandler Durham''' (amụrụ n'August 9, 1994), nke a maara dị ka '''Turbo''', bụ ónyé America na-emepụta ihe ndekọ na ónyé na-ede egwu.<ref name="xxl drip harder credits">{{Cite web|url=https://www.xxlmag.com/news/2018/10/lil-baby-gunna-drip-harder-project-production-credits/|title=Lil Baby and Gunna's 'Drip Harder' Production Credits - XXL|author=Haffenden|first=Dayna|work=XXL Mag|language=en|accessdate=16 April 2019}}</ref><ref name="allmusic credits">{{Cite web|url=https://www.allmusic.com/artist/chandler-durham-mn0003679702|title=Chandler Durham - Credits|work=AllMusic|language=en-us|accessdate=16 April 2019}}</ref> A maara ya nke ọma màkà mmepụta ya na Young Thug, Travis Scott, Gunna, Nav, na Lil Baby. Ọ bụ ónyé isi mepụtara abọm studio mbụ nke Gunna ''Drip ma ọ bụ Drown 2'' ya na ónyé na-emepụta ihe ndekọ Wheezy.<ref name="fader">{{Cite web|url=https://www.thefader.com/2019/02/22/gunna-drip-or-drown-2-album-stream|title=Hear Gunna's new album Drip or Drown 2|author=Maicki|first=Salvatore|work=The FADER|language=en|accessdate=7 June 2019}}</ref> Abọm ahụ malitere na No. 1 na chaatị ''Billboard'' Top R&B / Hip-Hop Albums.<ref name="warner">{{Cite web|author=Stassen|first=Murray|title=Hip-hop producer Turbo signs global co-publishing deal with Warner Chappell Music|url=https://www.musicbusinessworldwide.com/hip-hop-producer-turbo-signs-global-deal-with-warner-chappell-music/|work=Music Business Worldwide|accessdate=14 June 2019|date=13 June 2019}}</ref> == Ọrụ == N'afọ 2017, Turbo mepụtara ọtụtụ egwu na We Want Smoke, abọm nchịkọta nke ndị na-ese ihe bịanyere aka na T.I.'s Grand Hustle Records.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://hiphopdx.com/reviews/id.2997/title.review-hustle-gang-keeps-the-familiar-fresh-with-we-want-smoke|title=Review: Hustle Gang Keeps The Familiar Fresh With "We Want Smoke"|date=2017-10-13|work=HipHopDX|accessdate=2019-04-08|archivedate=2019-04-08|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190408182956/https://hiphopdx.com/reviews/id.2997/title.review-hustle-gang-keeps-the-familiar-fresh-with-we-want-smoke}}</ref> Ọ bụ ónyé isi mepụtara ''Drip Harder'', mixtape jikọrọ aka nke Gunna na Lil Baby wepụtara na 2018, ọ bụkwa ónyé na-emepụta egwu anọ nke mixtape ahụ, gụnyere "Never Recover" na "Close Friends" nke e nyèrè Platinum na "Drip Too Hard" nke e nwetara 3 × Platinum<ref name="never recover riaa">{{Cite web|url=https://www.riaa.com/gold-platinum/?tab_active=default-award&ar=LIL+BABY%2C+GUNNA+%26amp%3B+DRAKE&ti=NEVER+RECOVER|title=Gold & Platinum|work=RIAA|accessdate=16 April 2019}}</ref><ref name="close friends riaa">{{Cite web|url=https://www.riaa.com/gold-platinum/?tab_active=default-award&se=close+friends#search_section|title=Gold & Platinum|work=RIAA|accessdate=16 April 2019}}</ref>.<ref name="fader drip harder">{{Cite web|url=https://www.thefader.com/2019/02/19/gunna-drip-or-drown-2-tracklist|title=Gunna's Drip or Drown 2 tracklist is here|author=Hussein|first=Wandera|work=The FADER|language=en|accessdate=8 April 2019}}</ref><ref name="riaa drip too hard">{{Cite web|url=https://www.riaa.com/gold-platinum/?tab_active=default-award&se=drip+too+hard#search_section|title=Gold & Platinum|work=RIAA|accessdate=16 April 2019}}</ref> O mepụtara "Slimed In" na album nchịkọta nke Young Thug Slime Language, nke e wepụtara na 2018.<ref name="xxl slime language">{{Cite web|url=https://www.xxlmag.com/news/2018/08/young-thug-slime-language-mixtape-production-credits/|title=Young Thug 'Slime Language' Mixtape Production Credits - XXL|author=Mojica|first=Nick|work=XXL Mag|language=en|accessdate=8 April 2019}}</ref> N'otu afọ ahụ, o mepụtara na mixtape nke atọ nke Gunna Drip Season 3.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.xxlmag.com/rap-music/new-music/2018/02/gunna-drip-season-3-mixtape/|title=Stream Gunna's 'Drip Season 3' Mixtape - XXL|author=II|first=C. Vernon Coleman|work=XXL Mag|language=en|accessdate=2019-04-08}}</ref> O guzobekwara otu mmepụta ihe ndekọ ya, The Playmakers .<ref name="complex">{{Cite web|url=https://www.complex.com/music/2018/10/how-turbo-guided-the-sound-of-lil-baby-gunna-drip-harder|title=How Atlanta Producer Turbo Shaped Lil Baby and Gunna's 'Drip Harder'|author=Rindner|first=Grant|work=Complex|language=en|accessdate=8 April 2019|archivedate=8 April 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190408171328/https://www.complex.com/music/2018/10/how-turbo-guided-the-sound-of-lil-baby-gunna-drip-harder}}</ref> == Nkọwapụta diski == === Ndị na-alụbeghị di ma ọ bụ nwunye === {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center;" |+ ! rowspan="2" |Aha ya ! rowspan="2" |Afọ ! colspan="6" |Ọnọdụ chaatị kachasị elu ! rowspan="2" |Album |- ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%;" |US ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%;" |USR&B/HH<br /><br /><br /><br /> ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%;" |CAN ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%;" |IRE ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%;" |SWE ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%;" |UK |- ! scope="row" |"Drip Too Hard"Lil Baby na Gunna)<br /><br /><br /><br /> | rowspan="2" |2018 |4 |3 |10 |54 |97 |28 |''Drip Harder'' |- ! scope="row" |"(Yosemite"Travis Scott na-egosi Gunna na Nav)<br /><br /><br /><br /> |25 |16 |18 |Ọdịdị |92 |93 |''Astroworld'' |- ! scope="row" |"Otu Ọkpụkpọ"Gunna)<br /><br /><br /><br /> | rowspan="3" |2019 |56 |23 |78 |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |''Drip ma ọ bụ Drown 2'' |- ! scope="row" |"Ndị Enyi Dị Mkpa"Lil Baby)<br /><br /><br /><br /> |28 |16 |74 |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |68 |''Drip Harder'' |- ! scope="row" |"Manụ ya ngwa ngwa"Gunna)<br /><br /><br /><br /> |91 |43 |96 |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |''Drip ma ọ bụ Drown 2'' |- ! scope="row" |"Wunna" (<span style="font-size:85%;">Gunna</span><br /><br /><br /><br />) |2020 |57 |24 |79 |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |83 |''Wunna'' |- | colspan="16" style="font-size:90%" |"X" na-egosi ihe ndekọ nke na-enweghị chaatị ma ọ bụ nke a na-ewepụtaghị na mpaghara ahụ. |} === Abụ ndị ọzọ e depụtara === {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center;" |+ ! rowspan="2" |Aha ya ! rowspan="2" |Afọ ! colspan="5" |Ọnọdụ chaatị kachasị elu ! rowspan="2" |Album |- ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%;" |US ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%;" |USR&B/HH<br /><br /><br /><br /> ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%;" |CAN ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%;" |IRE ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%;" |UK |- ! scope="row" |"Off White Vlone"(Lil Baby na Gunna na-egosi Lil Durk na Nav)<br /><br /><br /><br /> | rowspan="6" |2018 |54 |25 |52 |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị | rowspan="5" |''Drip Harder'' |- ! scope="row" |"Business Is Business"Lil Baby na Gunna)<br /><br /><br /><br /> |61 |28 |69 |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |- ! scope="row" |"Belly(Lil Baby na Gunna)<br /><br /><br /><br /> |80 |37 |92 |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |- ! scope="row" |"Abụ m"Lil Baby na Gunna)<br /><br /><br /><br /> |98 |46 |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |- ! scope="row" |"Never Recover"Lil Baby na Gunna na-egosi Drake)<br /><br /><br /><br /> |15 |9 |16 |89 |46 |- ! scope="row" |"Miami(Tory Lanez na-egosi Gunna)<br /><br /><br /><br /> |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |89 |Ọdịdị |88 |''Ịhụ m n'anya ugbu a?'' |- ! scope="row" |"Ọ bụ ihe ọ bụla"Gunna)<br /><br /><br /><br /> | rowspan="3" |2019 |75 |36 |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị | rowspan="3" |''Drip ma ọ bụ Drown 2'' |- ! scope="row" |"3(Snake Headed"Gunna na-egosi Young Thug)<br /><br /><br /><br /> |74 |35 |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |- ! scope="row" |"(Otu Yung Nigga"Gunna na-egosi Playboi Carti)<br /><br /><br /><br /> |97 |45 |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |- ! scope="row" |"(Top Floor"Gunna na-egosi Travis Scott)<br /><br /><br /><br /> |2020 |55 |22 |73 |Ọdịdị |90 |''Wunna'' |} == Ihe ngosi mmepụta == {| class="wikitable" |+ !Aha ya !Onye na-ese ihe !Album !Afọ |- |"Mee ya n'onwe m"<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://handmetheaux.com/latest/2016/11/15/do-it-by-myself-young-thug|title="Do it By Myself" - Young Thug|work=Hand Me The Aux {{!}} HMTA|language=en-US|accessdate=2019-06-06}}</ref> |Young Thug |<small>otu na-abụghị album</small> | rowspan="4" |2016 |- |"Big Pimpin" |Shad Da Chineke |''Pụrụ Ịtọhapụ Ịnyịnya'' |- |"Osisi anwụrụ ọkụ" | rowspan="2" |Ndị òtù Bankroll | rowspan="2" |''Ndị òtù Bankroll'' |- |"Gịnị Ego Ọ Na-efu" |- |"Ònye gara nyochaa m" | rowspan="2" |Òtù Ndị Agha | rowspan="2" |Anyị chọrọ anwụrụ ọkụ | rowspan="6" |2017 |- |"Ụzọ" |- |"Beat the Case" (<small>nke</small> gosipụtara Offset) |Gunna |''Oge Mmiri nke 2'' |- |"Mee ngwa" |Lil Baby |''O siri ike nke ukwuu'' |- |"Bubble Chevy" | rowspan="2" |Shad Da Chineke | rowspan="2" |''Òtù Chineke'' |- |"Anyị mere ya" |- |"Ebe Ọ dị" |Johnny Cinco |''M na-aṅụ iyi 2'' | rowspan="39" |2018 |- |"Off The Rip" (<small>nke</small> <small>BlocBoy JB</small> gosipụtara)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.hustlehearted.com/hoodrich-pablo-juan-rip-blocboyjb/|title=Hoodrich Pablo Juan - Off The Rip feat. Blocboy JB|date=2018-06-22|work=Hustle Hearted|language=en-US|accessdate=2019-06-04|archivedate=2019-06-04|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190604150630/https://www.hustlehearted.com/hoodrich-pablo-juan-rip-blocboyjb/}}</ref> |Hoodrich Pablo Juan |<small>otu na-abụghị album</small> |- |"Extortion" (<small>nke gosipụtara Shy Glizzy</small>) |Mgbe nile |''E Ebumnuche Maka Ịdị Ukwuu'' |- |"E debere ya" | rowspan="2" |Young Thug |Asụsụ Slime |- |"Feeling" (<small>nke gosipụtara Spodee</small>) |<small>otu na-abụghị album</small> |- |"Off White Vlone" (<small>nke</small> <small>Lil Durk</small> <small>na</small> Nav gosipụtara) | rowspan="8" |Lil Baby na Gunna | rowspan="8" |Drip Harder |- |"Ụra" |- |- |"Onye na-ezu ohi ejiji" |- |"Ndị Enyi Dị Mkpa" |- |"Na-esi ike" |- |"azụmahịa bụ Azụmaahịa" |- |"My Jeans" (<small>nke</small> <small>Young Thug</small> gosipụtara) |- |"N'enwetaghị" (ya <small>na</small> <small>Drake</small>) |- |"Ọgwụ akara" |- |"Sold Out Dates" (<small>nke Lil Baby gosipụtara</small>) |<small>otu na-abụghị album</small> |- |"Oh Okay" (<small>nke Lil Baby na Young Thug gosipụtara</small><ref name=":0" />) <ref name=":0">{{Cite magazine|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-features/lil-baby-gunna-drip-harder-collaboration-731025/|title=Gunna Taught Lil Baby How to Rap. Now, They're the Best Duo of 2018|last=Leight|first=Elias|date=2018-10-04|magazine=Rolling Stone|language=en-US|access-date=2019-06-03}}</ref> | rowspan="4" |Oge 3 nke Drip |- |"Onye dị ike" (<small>nke Hoodrich Pablo Juan gosipụtara</small>) |- |"N'ụlọ nkwari akụ" |- |"Ọgwụ Na-egbu Oge" |- |Yosemite | rowspan="2" |Travis Scott |''Astroworld'' |- |"Zọm" |<small>otu na-abụghị album</small> |- |"Bank" (<small>nke</small> gosipụtara <small>Moneybagg Yo</small>) |Lil Baby |Ọ siri ike karịa mgbe ọ bụla |- |"Walk In" (Lil Baby)<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://thestreetssalute.com/lil-baby-walk-in-feat-rylo-rodriguez/|title=Lil Baby Drops New Single "Walk In" Featuring Rylo Rodriguez|date=2018-08-22|work=StreetsSaluteHipHop|language=en-US|accessdate=2019-06-06}}</ref> |Rylo Rodriguez |''Onyinye E Si ná Ghetto'' |- |"Ụlọ Dị Nchebe" |Lil Yachty |''Ụbọchị ọmụmụ Mix 3'' |- |"Nke ikpeazụ nke Real" |Jose Guapo |<small>otu na-abụghị album</small> |- |"Eat" (<small>nke</small> gosipụtara <small>Gunna</small>) |Ụgbọ Mmiri |''Enweghị uche'' |- |"Dubai Plates" (<small>nke gosipụtara Gunna</small>) |Key Glock |<small>otu na-abụghị album</small> |- |"Ị ghọtara"<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.xxlmag.com/rap-music/new-music/2018/06/shy-glizzy-do-you-understand-featuring-tory-lanez-gunna/|title=Shy Glizzy, Tory Lanez & Gunna Drop Song ''Do You Understand?'' - XXL|author=Coe|first=Kairi|work=XXL Mag|language=en|accessdate=2019-06-03}}</ref> |Ihe na-adịghị mma |<small>otu na-abụghị album</small> |- |"Invisible" (<small>nke Young Thug gosipụtara</small><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thefader.com/2018/05/23/invisible-shad-da-god-young-thug-city-of-god-turbo|title=Shad Da God and Young Thug connect on "Invisible"|work=The FADER|language=en|accessdate=2019-06-03}}</ref>) |Shad Da Chineke |''Obodo Chineke'' |- |"Bank" (<small>nke</small> gosipụtara MoneyBagg Yo) |Lil Baby |''Ọ siri ike karịa mgbe ọ bụla'' |- |"Kick Down Yo Door" (<small>nke Hoodrich Pablo Juan gosipụtara</small><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.worldstarhiphop.com/videos/video.php?v=wshh9x727hYPdSI5g7ik|title=MPR Tito Feat. Hoodrich Pablo Juan - Kick Down Yo Door {{!}} Video|work=WORLDSTARHIPHOP|language=en|accessdate=2019-06-06}}</ref>) |MPR Tito |''Rixh Blxxd'' |- |"A ka bụ isiokwu" |Strick |''Ihe ize ndụ = Ihe nrite 2'' |- |"Gucci Socks" (<small>nke gosipụtara Gunna</small>) | rowspan="3" |Jọdan Na-eto Eto | rowspan="3" |''Ihe Ndị Na-adọrọ adọrọ'' |- |"Grimlin" |- |"M niile" |- |"Wat U On" (<small>nke gosipụtara Gunna</small>) |MoneyBagg Yo |''Ịgba M Ọsọ'' |- |"Onye Akaebe Anya" |Eze na-agba égbè |<small>otu na-abụghị album</small> |- |"Bacc 2 Ụlọ Mkpọrọ" | rowspan="2" |03 Greedo | rowspan="2" |''Ọnọdụ Chineke'' |- |"Ikpere Chineke ekpere" |- |"Agwaara m m"<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.hotnewhiphop.com/lil-gotit-shows-improvement-with-turbo-produced-i-told-em-new-song.1981617.html|title=Lil Gotit Shows Improvement With Turbo-Produced "I Told Em"|work=HotNewHipHop|date=7 January 2019|accessdate=2019-06-03}}</ref> |Lil Gotit |TBA | rowspan="13" |2019 |- |"Turbo"<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://musiconthedot.com/q-da-fool-shares-two-new-singles/|title=Q Da Fool Shares Two New Singles|work=musiconthedot.com|date=6 September 2018|accessdate=2019-06-06|archivedate=2019-06-06|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190606150255/http://musiconthedot.com/q-da-fool-shares-two-new-singles/}}</ref> |Q Da Fool |<small>otu na-abụghị album</small> |- |"4 Ezigbo" |Mkpụrụ obi YNW |<small>otu na-abụghị album</small> |- |"Back2Back" (nke gosipụtara Gunna & Young Thug)<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.dirty-glove.net/cheat-code-feat-gunna-young-thug-back-back/|title=Cheat Code Feat. Gunna & Young Thug "Back to Back"|author=Haze|date=2018-02-17|work=Dirty Glove Bastard|language=en|accessdate=2019-06-06}}</ref> |Usoro Ịghọ aghụghọ |''Yanna'' |- |"Ndị na-ebi na Vibes" | rowspan="9" |Gunna | rowspan="9" |''Drip ma ọ bụ Drown 2'' |- |"Ọ pụtara ìhè" |- |"Richard Millie Plain" |- |"Derek Fisher" (<small>nke Lil Baby gosipụtara</small>) |- |"3 Headed Snake" (<small>nke Young Thug gosipụtara</small>) |- |"Big Shot" |- |"N'Ugwu" |- |"Site n'Okporo" |- |"Otu Yung Nigga" (<small>nke</small> <small>Playboi Carti</small> gosipụtara) |- |"Ịchekwa nke ịnọ n'ịnọ n'Iche Dị Ọcha" |Gunna, Young Thug na ya onwe ya |<small>otu na-abụghị album</small> | rowspan="5" |2020 |- |"(ADDYS" <small>nke Nechie gosipụtara</small>) | rowspan="4" |Gunna | rowspan="4" |''Wunna'' |- |"Anọ m na ụfọdụ" |- |"Far("nke gosipụtara Young Thug) |- |"Street Sweeper"(nke na-egosi <small>ọdịnihu</small>) |} == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] enjbyh1l6lj1oxc6ajitbrnrhxuxp13 0 18026 644579 94423 2026-05-31T08:33:57Z ~2026-32314-82 62081 Fixed reference errors 644579 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Sylvanus Adiewere Nsofor''' (17 Machị 1935 - 10 Disemba 2020) bụ onye ọka iwu Naịjirịa nke jere ozi dịka onye nnọchi anya Naịjirịa na US site n'ọnwa Nọvemba 2017 ruo Disemba 2020. == Mmalite ndụ == A mụrụ Justice Sylvanus Nsofor n'abalị 17 ọnwa Machị afọ 1935, na Oguta, [[Ọ̀hà Ímò|Imo Steeti]], [[Naijiria|Naịjirịa]].<ref name="Who" /> == Agụmakwụkwọ == Ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Holborn College of Law nke London ugbu a n'afọ 1962 wee gbakwunye LL.M si London School of Economics n'afọ 1964.<ref name="Who">{{Cite web|url=http://www.allgov.com/news/top-stories/nigerias-ambassador-to-the-united-states-who-is-sylvanus-nsofor-171229?news=860393|work=AllGov|title=Nigeria’s Ambassador to the United States: Who Is Sylvanus Nsofor?|author=AllGov|date=December 29, 2017|accessdate=2021-01-29}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFAllGov2017">AllGov (December 29, 2017). [http://www.allgov.com/news/top-stories/nigerias-ambassador-to-the-united-states-who-is-sylvanus-nsofor-171229?news=860393 "Nigeria's Ambassador to the United States: Who Is Sylvanus Nsofor?"]. ''AllGov''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-01-29</span></span>.</cite></ref> == Ọrụ == Ọ malitere ịkụzi na Holborn College of Law n'afọ 1964 wee banye n'ọrụ onwe onye n'afọ 1965. N'afọ 1977, a họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ onye isi oche na Naịjirịa ma jee ozi dịka onye ọka ikpe nke Ụlọikpe Kasị Elu nke steeti Imo. Mgbe afọ iri na ise gachara, a họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ onye ọka ikpe n'ụlọ ikpe mkpegharị ikpe nke Naijiria ma rụọ ọrụ afọ iri na atọ ruo mgbe ọ lara ezumike nká n'afọ 2005.<ref name="Kingsley" /><ref name="Who">{{Cite web|url=http://www.allgov.com/news/top-stories/nigerias-ambassador-to-the-united-states-who-is-sylvanus-nsofor-171229?news=860393|work=AllGov|title=Nigeria’s Ambassador to the United States: Who Is Sylvanus Nsofor?|author=AllGov|date=December 29, 2017|accessdate=2021-01-29}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFAllGov2017">AllGov (December 29, 2017). [http://www.allgov.com/news/top-stories/nigerias-ambassador-to-the-united-states-who-is-sylvanus-nsofor-171229?news=860393 "Nigeria's Ambassador to the United States: Who Is Sylvanus Nsofor?"]. ''AllGov''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-01-29</span></span>.</cite></ref> N'afọ 2003, Nsofor nyere vootu na-emegide ya na kọmitii ikpe ziri ezi atọ na asọmpi onye isi ala dị n'etiti Muhammadu Buhari, onye na-azọ ọkwa onye isi ala nke All Nigeria Peoples Party (ANPP), na onye na-aga n'ihu nke People's Democratic Party (PDP), Olusegun Obasanjo. Nsofor dere na PDP etinyela aka na iyi egwu na ime ihe ike: a chọpụtara na enweghị nkwenye na iwu ntuli aka iwu kwadoro abụghị ntuli aka. Achọpụtakwara m na e nwere ime ihe ike nke Onye isi ala Obasanjo mere...Ka Naịjirịa ghara ịhụ Saturday ojii ọzọ dịka Eprel 19, 2003. Otú ọ dị, e gosipụtara Obasanjo dịka onye isi ala maka oge nke abụọ n'agbanyeghị na Nsofor jụrụ ya.<ref name="Kingsley">{{Cite web|url=https://www.icirnigeria.org/profile-nsofor-the-poor-82-year-old-ambassador-designate-who-opposed-obasanjos-election-victory/|work=International Centre for Investigative Reporting (ICIR) Nigeria|title=PROFILE: Nsofor, the ‘poor’ 82-year-old ambassador designate who opposed Obasanjo’s election victory|author=Kingsley OBIEJESI|date=June 8, 2017|accessdate=2021-01-29}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFKingsley_OBIEJESI2017">Kingsley OBIEJESI (June 8, 2017). [https://www.icirnigeria.org/profile-nsofor-the-poor-82-year-old-ambassador-designate-who-opposed-obasanjos-election-victory/ "PROFILE: Nsofor, the 'poor' 82-year-old ambassador designate who opposed Obasanjo's election victory"]. ''International Centre for Investigative Reporting (ICIR) Nigeria''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-01-29</span></span>.</cite></ref> Afọ iri na abụọ ka e mesịrị, [[Muhammadu Buhari]] meriri ntuli aka dịka onye isi ala nke [[Naijiria]]; o mechara họpụta Justice Nsofor dị ka onye nnọchi anya na-abụghị onye nnọchianya, a kwadoro Nsofor na 7 June 2017.<ref name="Kingsley">{{Cite web|url=https://www.icirnigeria.org/profile-nsofor-the-poor-82-year-old-ambassador-designate-who-opposed-obasanjos-election-victory/|work=International Centre for Investigative Reporting (ICIR) Nigeria|title=PROFILE: Nsofor, the ‘poor’ 82-year-old ambassador designate who opposed Obasanjo’s election victory|author=Kingsley OBIEJESI|date=June 8, 2017|accessdate=2021-01-29}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFKingsley_OBIEJESI2017">Kingsley OBIEJESI (June 8, 2017). [https://www.icirnigeria.org/profile-nsofor-the-poor-82-year-old-ambassador-designate-who-opposed-obasanjos-election-victory/ "PROFILE: Nsofor, the 'poor' 82-year-old ambassador designate who opposed Obasanjo's election victory"]. ''International Centre for Investigative Reporting (ICIR) Nigeria''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-01-29</span></span>.</cite></ref><ref name="Who">{{Cite web|url=http://www.allgov.com/news/top-stories/nigerias-ambassador-to-the-united-states-who-is-sylvanus-nsofor-171229?news=860393|work=AllGov|title=Nigeria’s Ambassador to the United States: Who Is Sylvanus Nsofor?|author=AllGov|date=December 29, 2017|accessdate=2021-01-29}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFAllGov2017">AllGov (December 29, 2017). [http://www.allgov.com/news/top-stories/nigerias-ambassador-to-the-united-states-who-is-sylvanus-nsofor-171229?news=860393 "Nigeria's Ambassador to the United States: Who Is Sylvanus Nsofor?"]. ''AllGov''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-01-29</span></span>.</cite></ref> Ọ malitere ọrụ dị ka onye nnọchi anya na US na Nọvemba 13, 2017, na-anọchi Prọfesọ Adebowale Adefuye.<ref name="Olisah" /> == Ndụ onwe == Nsofor lụrụ Oriakụ Jean Nsofor ma nwee ụmụ atọ.<ref name="pulse" /><ref name="Who">{{Cite web|url=http://www.allgov.com/news/top-stories/nigerias-ambassador-to-the-united-states-who-is-sylvanus-nsofor-171229?news=860393|work=AllGov|title=Nigeria’s Ambassador to the United States: Who Is Sylvanus Nsofor?|author=AllGov|date=December 29, 2017|accessdate=2021-01-29}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFAllGov2017">AllGov (December 29, 2017). [http://www.allgov.com/news/top-stories/nigerias-ambassador-to-the-united-states-who-is-sylvanus-nsofor-171229?news=860393 "Nigeria's Ambassador to the United States: Who Is Sylvanus Nsofor?"]. ''AllGov''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-01-29</span></span>.</cite></ref> == Ọnwụ == Ọ nwụrụ n'ụlọ ọgwụ dị na [[Mérílạnd|Maryland]], U.S.A., na 10 Disemba 2020 mgbe ọ rịasịrị obere ọrịa.<ref name="Olisah">{{Cite web|url=https://nairametrics.com/2020/12/12/nigerias-ambassador-to-the-united-states-sylvanus-nsofor-is-dead/|work=Nairametrics|title=Nigeria’s Ambassador to the United States, Sylvanus Nsofor, is dead|author=Chike Olisah|date=December 12, 2020|accessdate=2021-01-29}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFChike_Olisah2020">Chike Olisah (December 12, 2020). [https://nairametrics.com/2020/12/12/nigerias-ambassador-to-the-united-states-sylvanus-nsofor-is-dead/ "Nigeria's Ambassador to the United States, Sylvanus Nsofor, is dead"]. ''Nairametrics''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-01-29</span></span>.</cite></ref> Ọ dị afọ iri asatọ na ise.<ref name="pulse">{{Cite web|url=https://www.pulse.ng/news/local/remains-of-former-nigerian-ambassador-to-us-set-for-repatriation/lj3jjnh|work=Pulse Nigeria|title=Remains of former Nigerian ambassador to U.S. set for repatriation|author=NAN|date=December 30, 2020|accessdate=2021-01-29}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFNAN2020">NAN (December 30, 2020). [https://www.pulse.ng/news/local/remains-of-former-nigerian-ambassador-to-us-set-for-repatriation/lj3jjnh "Remains of former Nigerian ambassador to U.S. set for repatriation"]. ''Pulse Nigeria''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-01-29</span></span>.</cite></ref> == Edemsibịa == {{Reflist}} h4ngjc5x51yn7t2i1qw2we0zvtnv7ig 0 18202 644401 94933 2026-05-30T22:53:59Z Edozie Ojekwe 24584 Fixed Reference error 644401 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} Priest Joseph Brooks, (nke a maara dịka Soopafly amụrụ na Disemba 8, 1972) bụ onye na-emepụta hip hop na '''ónyé''' na-eti egwu rap si Long Beach, [[California]]. Ọ bụ ónyé otu DPGC. == Oge ọ malitere == Ọ bụ nwá mbụ n'ime ụmụ atọ, Brooks tolitere na Long Beach. Nna ya nyèrè ya keyboard mgbe ndị na-akpọ piano ọ hụrụ na chọọchị kpaliri ya.<ref name="Deep In His Own Hustle">{{Cite web|title=Deep In His Own Hustle|url=http://www.mcarecords.com/artistAbout.asp?selected=1&aboutId=40205&which=bio&artistname=Soopafly&artistid=380&title=Deep+In+His+Own+Hustle|publisher=MCA Records|date=August 13, 2002|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20061110204835/http://www.mcarecords.com/artistAbout.asp?He|archivedate=November 10, 2006}}</ref> === Ọrụ mmalite === N'oge ọ dị afọ iri na ụma, Brooks zutere ndị na-eti egwu Snoop Dogg na Dr. Dre. N'igosi onwé ya na nkà keyboard ya, e kenyere Soopafly ọrụ mbụ ya maka Death Row Records na soundtrack Murder Was The Case .<ref name="Deep In His Own Hustle" />{{Cite web|title=Deep In His Own Hustle|url=http://www.mcarecords.com/artistAbout.asp?selected=1&aboutId=40205&which=bio&artistname=Soopafly&artistid=380&title=Deep+In+His+Own+Hustle|publisher=MCA Records|date=August 13, 2002|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20061110204835/http://www.mcarecords.com/artistAbout.asp?He|archivedate=November 10, 2006}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://web.archive.org/web/20061110204835/http://www.mcarecords.com/artistAbout.asp?He "Deep In His Own Hustle"]. MCA Records. August 13, 2002. Archived from [http://www.mcarecords.com/artistAbout.asp?selected=1&aboutId=40205&which=bio&artistname=Soopafly&artistid=380&title=Deep+In+His+Own+Hustle the original] on November 10, 2006.</cite></ref> Ọ kụrụ mkpịsị aka màkà Dr. Dre na Ice Cube na egwu "Natural Born Killaz" na maka Jodeci na egwu "Come Up To My Room", yana mmepụta mbụ ya na "Who Got Some Gangsta Shit" nke gosipụtara Snoop Dogg na Tha Dogg Pound. N'afọ 1995, o mepụtara "Sooo Much Style" màkà Tha Dogg Pound na abọm mbụ ha "Dogg Food". Ọ na-akpọkwa mkpịsị aka na abụ asatọ ndị ọzọ. Mgbe ahụ na 1996, e gosipụtara ya na soundtrack nke ihe nkírí A Thin Line Between Love and Hate na egwu "I Don't Hang". A remix ga-esochi. == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] kh3rjw1fnru9eht2ln6mcgmlyl56jn4 0 18367 644466 91139 2026-05-31T03:43:26Z Wikipedian12512 61424 Ce 644466 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Musawa''' bụ mpaghara ógbè Gọọmentị nke ime Obodo dị na Katsina [[Ȯra Katsina|Steeti]], [[Naijiria|Naịjirịa]]. Isi ụlọ ọrụ ya dị n'obodo Musawa. O nwere mpaghara nke 849 km2 ( ) na ọnụ ọgụgụ mmadụ 171,714 na ọnụ ọgụgụ nke afọ 2006. Koodu ozi nke mpaghara ahụ bụ 833.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Post Offices- with map of LGA|publisher=NIPOST|url=http://www.nipost.gov.ng/PostCode.aspx|accessdate=2009-10-20|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20091007011423/http://www.nipost.gov.ng/PostCode.aspx|archivedate=2009-10-07}}</ref> == Ebensidee == <references responsive="1"></references> 9p0lpjerwxbjne3dqr1c68ccqpze2wp 0 18455 644063 94603 2026-05-30T15:05:13Z Mirah50 16972 Fixed reference errors 644063 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Tapiwa''' "Tapps" '''Bandawe''' bụ onye na-emepụta ihe ndekọ na Malawi.<ref name="nyasatimes1">{{Cite web|url=http://www.nyasatimes.com/entertainment/mission-set-for-mkandawire-kapitapita-comeback.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101020121418/http://www.nyasatimes.com/entertainment/mission-set-for-mkandawire-kapitapita-comeback.html|archivedate=October 20, 2010|title=Mission set for Mkandawire, Kapitapita comeback &#124; Malawi news|date=October 20, 2010}}</ref> Ọ biri na South Africa afọ abụọ tụpụ ọ laghachi [[Malawi]]. A na-eto ya maka ịmepụta egwu ndị na-agụ egwú Malawi a ma ama. [nke?A na-akpọ ụlọ ọrụ ya Audio Vision Studio.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.nyasatimes.com/malawi/2013/01/02/tay-grin-returns-with-local-touch/|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130107071511/http://www.nyasatimes.com/malawi/2013/01/02/tay-grin-returns-with-local-touch/|archivedate=January 7, 2013|title=Tay Grin returns with local touch &#124; Malawi news, Malawi - NyasaTimes breaking online news source from Malawi|date=January 7, 2013}}</ref> Dị ka onye na emepụta ihe, a na-eto Tapps maka inyere ''onye'' na-ese ihe Tay Grin aka ịmalite ọrụ hip-hop ya site na ịkpụpụ CD mbụ Malawian Proudly African.<ref name="nyasatimes1" /> O mepụtara egwu "Oh My Malawi" maka Lucius Banda, ma soro ndị na-ese ihe dịka Maskal rụọ ọrụ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.nationmw.net/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=1699:biriwiri-lucius-impressed-with-germany-festival&Itemid=214|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110723221814/http://www.nationmw.net/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=1699:biriwiri-lucius-impressed-with-germany-festival&Itemid=214|archivedate=July 23, 2011|title=Biriwiri, Lucius impressed with Germany festival|date=July 23, 2011}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.nyasatimes.com/entertainment/maskal%E2%80%99s-new-video-comes-with-a-bang.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101020121417/http://www.nyasatimes.com/entertainment/maskal%E2%80%99s-new-video-comes-with-a-bang.html|archivedate=October 20, 2010|title=Maskal’s new video comes with a bang &#124; Malawi news|date=October 20, 2010}}</ref> == Ebenside == {{Reflist}} lchm0e9ppdbwcguz3dczzplfg62meuj 0 18478 644184 596088 2026-05-30T18:41:47Z Chigozirim2005 19722 Fixed reference error 644184 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Charles Shemu Joyah''' (b. 1959), bụ onye mmepụta na onye nduzi si [[Malawi]]. A mụrụ ya na [[Zimbabwe]]. A họọrọ ihe nkiri ya nke atọ, The Road to Sunrise, dị ka ntinye Malawi maka Best Foreign Language Film na 91st Academy Awards.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/oscars-87-countries-submit-films-foreign-language-category-1150191|title=Oscars: 87 Countries Submit Films in Foreign-Language Category|date=8 October 2018|work=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]|accessdate=27 December 2018}}</ref> == Ndụ onwe onye == A mụrụ Shame Joyah na Zimbabwe na nne na nna si na obodo Malawi. O mechara laghachi Malawi wee gụọ maka BSc na ọnụ ọgụgụ na mgbako na Physics na Mahadum Malawi, Onye na elekota Colegi. Ọ gara mba United Kingdom maka ọmụmụ ihe ọzọ wee nweta nzere BSc Honours na nyocha na eserese sayensị site na Mahadum nke East London. Joyah na-arụ ọrụ ugbu a dị ka onye ọkà mmụta sayensị ala na Malawi ma na-enye ọrụ ndụmọdụ.<ref name="autogenerated3">{{Cite web|url=http://artmatters.info/?p=2253|title=Malawian Scientist Makes Award-Winning Movies - ArtMatters.Info|work=artmatters.info|accessdate=20 December 2017}}</ref> Joyah bụ onye ndụmọdụ ala na ụlọ na Malawi.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://worldcinemadirectory.co.uk/component/film/?id=1259|title=World Cinema Directory|work=worldcinemadirectory.co.uk|accessdate=20 December 2017}}</ref> O jiri ego ahụ mee ihe na ọrụ ndụmọdụ ya iji kwado ọtụtụ ọrụ nka ya. === Ọrụ nka === Joyah bụ onye edemede na onye na-emepụta ihe nwere nkà. O bipụtara ọtụtụ akụkọ mkpirikpi n'akwụkwọ akụkọ na akwụkwọ e bipụtara. Ọ bụ onye edemede e bipụtara ma na-edekwa edemede maka ihe nkiri ọ na-emepụta. O dere ihe odide maka 'Seasons of Life' na 'The Last Fishing Boat'. == Ihe nkiri == === Oge ndụ === E dere Season of a Life, gbaa ya, dezie ya ma duzie ya Shemu Joyah.<ref name="autogenerated2">{{Cite web|url=http://www.firstdawnarts.com/updates.html|title=Seasons of a life – The movie|publisher=Firstdawnarts.com|accessdate=31 October 2012|archivedate=8 June 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210608142735/http://www.firstdawnarts.com/updates.html}}</ref> A na-eto ihe nkiri ahụ n'ụwa niile ma gosipụta ya na mmemme ihe nkiri mba ụwa ma merie ihe nrite asaa. A họpụtakwala ihe nkiri ahụ maka onyinye na mmemme ihe nkiri Kenya, Cairo, na Zanzibar.<ref name="autogenerated2"><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.nigeriafilms.com/news/7270/17/nollywood-copycats-make-huge-impact.html|title=Nollywood copycats make huge impact|publisher=nigeriafilms.com|date=29 April 2010|accessdate=31 October 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120307091246/http://www.nigeriafilms.com/news/7270/17/nollywood-copycats-make-huge-impact.html|archivedate=7 March 2012}}</ref> Ọ bụ ihe nkiri ikpe ụlọ ikpe Malawi nke e mere na Malawi. Ọ bụ maka onye ọrụ ụlọ nke onye were ya n'ọrụ metọrọ n'ụzọ mmekọahụ nke na-agba mbọ inye onwe ya ike ma melite ndụ ya. A họpụtara ya na ụdị 8 na 6th Africa Movie Academy Awards, gụnyere nhọpụta maka Best Screenplay na Best Original Soundtrack. Onye na-eme ihe nkiri, Tapiwa Gwaza meriri ihe nrite Nollywood maka arụmọrụ kachasị mma site n'aka onye na-akwado ya. === Ụgbọ Mmiri Ịkụ Azụ Ikpeazụ === Ihe nkiri ahụ na-egosi ndụ onye ọkụ azụ nke ụlọ ọrụ njem nleta na-agbanwe ndụ ya. Ọ na-egosi ihe dị n'etiti ụzọ ndụ ọdịnala na ndụ nke oge a.<ref name="autogenerated1"> === Ụzọ E Si Ege Ọwụwa Anyanwụ === A họọrọ ya dị ka ntinye Malawi maka ọkwa ana akpọ 'Best Foreign Language Film na '91st Academy Awards', mana a họpụtabeghị ya. Ọ bụ ihe nkiri mbụ Malawi nyere na ngalaba Oscar nke asụsụ mba ọzọ. == Akwụkwọ == * "Ihe ize ndụ n'Ọdọ Mmiri", Heineman African & Caribbean Writers 1998<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://www.amazon.com/Danger-Lake-Junior-African-Writers/dp/0435891243/ref=la_B0034PF4E0_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1356719781&sr=1-1|title=Danger in the Lake|author=Joyah|first=Shemu|date=14 December 1998|publisher=Heinemann|isbn=9780435891244|location=Oxford|language=English}}</ref> * "Rays of Hope", (akụkọ dị mkpirikpi), nke e bipụtara na anthology - 1990, (Onye mmeri nke asọmpi British Council Arts and Literature na Malawi). == Usoro ihe nkiri == * "Ụzọ Na-eduga n'Ọwụwa Anyanwụ" - 2017 * "Ụgbọ Azụmaahịa Ikpeazụ"- 2012 * "Afọ nke Ndụ" 2009 == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20220717074607/http://firstdawnarts.com/index.html Ihe osise nke Mbụ] [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 2ccdn4shj7w5pdqjfj0xsxqdtln5hct 0 18517 644414 94390 2026-05-30T23:31:51Z Iwuala chisom 17246 Fixed reference errors 644414 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Suzanne Bofia''' (amụrụ na Nọvemba 9, 1984 na Bafia, Cameroon) bụ onye [[Kameroon|Cameroon]] kọlejị basketball player, onye bụbu onye otu Mahadum Arizona. Ọ bụ nwanne ejima nke onye otu Wildcats bụ Beatrice Bofia.<ref name="leavesarizona"> == Ọrụ == N'afọ 2006-07, Bofia nwetara akara 4.4 na 3.4 rebounds kwa egwuregwu na oge mbụ ya na Arizona mgbe ọ hapụsịrị Illinois Central College. == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] edkv41nl9nf62p8u9e8jj7nf1puwx7g 0 18554 643989 628767 2026-05-30T13:09:58Z Philip Emeka 16124 fixed reference errors 643989 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Tsedale Lemma''' bụ onye nta akụkọ Etiopia nke guzobere ''Addis Standard'', akwụkwọ akụkọ Etiopia nwere mmetụta dị ukwuu, na afọ 2011. == Nwatakịrị na agụmakwụkwọ == A mụrụ Tsedale Lemma n'afọ 1976 (afọ ). Ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na nzere Bachelor of Arts na akwụkwọ akụkọ na Mahadum Addis Ababa na diplọma na akwụkwọ akụkọ n'ịntanetị na Mahadim [[Stockholm]]. == Ọrụ == === Ọrụ odeakụkọ mmalite === Tsedale malitere ịrụ ọrụ dị ka onye nta akụkọ n'afọ 2000, na-aghọ onye nta akụkọ dị elu na ''Addis Tribune'' . N'ebe a, e bipụtara isiokwu na Europe na Xinhua News Agency. === Ebe nnọchi anya mba Israel === Mgbe ime ihe ike nke ntuli aka nke afọ 2005 na Etiopia gasịrị, Tsedale gbanwere site n'ọrụ mgbasa ozi gaa n'ịrụ ọrụ n'ụlọ ọrụ nnọchiteanya [[Israel]] na [[Addis Ababa]]. Ọ bụ onye ndụmọdụ mmekọrịta ọha na eze na mbụ ma mesịa bụrụ onye ndụmọdụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị mpaghara na mgbasa ozi nye onye nnọchi anya. === Addis Standard === Mgbe ọ hapụsịrị ụlọ ọrụ nnọchiteanya Israel na afọ 2010, Tsedale guzobere ''Addis Standard'' na Febụwarị afọ 2011 dị ka magazin kwa ọnwa. Tsedale rụrụ ọrụ dị mkpa na ''Addis Standard'' na-aghọ akwụkwọ nwere mmetụta dị ukwuu na Etiopia. {{As of|2021|01}} , ọ nọgidere bụrụ onye isi nchịkọta akụkọ akwụkwọ akụkọ ahụ. == Ọrụ agụmakwụkwọ == Tsedale bụ onye otu International Advisory Board nke Bandung: Journal of the Global South kemgbe afọ 2015, na-anọgide na bọọdụ ahụ {{As of|2021}} 2021[update]. == Ihe ndị a na-ahụ anya == === Eritrea === N'afọ 2012, na-ekwu maka mwakpo ndị agha Etiopia na-eme na [[Eritrea]] n'oge obere, ogologo oge nke Agha Eritrea, Tsedale kọwara gọọmentị Eritrea dị ka onye ọchịchị aka ike, nke a na-ahụghị n'anya na mpaghara ahụ, na onye na-adịghị ike, ma hụ ka gọọmentị Etiopia nọ n'ọnọdụ siri ike. Ọ tụrụ aro "nkwupụta nkwekọrịta kama ịlụ ọgụ" dị ka atụmatụ maka iwepụ gọọmentị Eritrea. === Nnwere onwe mgbasa ozi === N'afọ 2013, Tsedale katọrọ Kọmitii na-echebe ndị nta akụkọ na "ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ndị nta akụkọ Etiopia niile a chụpụrụ n'ala" maka ime ka ihe isi ike nke mgbasa ozi onwe ha na Etiopia dị mfe, n'ụzọ "na-eweda ndị nta akụkọ ihere na ndị a na-akparaghị ókè" na-aga n'ihu na-arụ ọrụ mgbasa ozi onwe onye na Ethiopia n'agbanyeghị mmegide gọọmentị. Ọ katọrọ gọọmentị Etiopia nke oge ahụ maka afọ ojuju na enweghị mmegide megide mgbasa ozi karịa gọọmentị ndị gara aga, kama ikwe ka nnwere onwe mgbasa ozi. Tsedale katọrọ otuto nke ọnwụ Meles Zenawi. Na Jenụwarị afọ 2021, Tsedale kọwara nnwere onwe Abiy Ahmed nke Etiopia dị ka onye gbanwere egwu ndị a na-eyi ndị nta akụkọ nwere onwe ha site na nrụgide kwụ ọtọ (mgbochi gọọmentị) gaa na ngwakọta nke nrụgide kwụ chịm na nke kwụ ọtọ, ebe òtù ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, okpukpe na nke obodo na ndị mmadụ dị ike chọrọ imetụta mgbasa ozi. O kwuru na nloghachi na mmegide nke mgbasa ozi kpatara nrụgide na ndị na-emepụta mgbasa ozi onwe ha. Tsedale katọrọ uche ndị mgbasa ozi ụwa na-eleba anya na Abiy's 2019 Nobel Prize maka udo, na-ekwu na ọ bụ ihe na-enweghị isi, ihe na-amaghị ihe na enweghị akụkọ ihe mere eme na mpaghara, dị ka ''Addis Standard'' 12 Disemba afọ 2019 "ụtụtụ mgbe Oslo" nchịkọta akụkọ. O kwuru na ụlọ ọrụ mgbasa ozi mba ụwa amalitela ile anya n'omume Abiy, kama naanị okwu ya, nakwa na gọọmentị na-azaghachi site na ịhazi mkpọsa ozi na netwọk mmekọrịta n'ịntanetị. === Ihe ndị ruuru ụmụ nwanyị === Tsedale kwalitere ikike ụmụ nwanyị maka 8 Machị afọ 2014 International Women's Day site n'ịhazi arụmụka United Nations kwadoro na Mahadum Addis Ababa nke akpọrọ "Ịha nhata maka ụmụ nwanyị niile: Ime ememe ụmụ nwanyị Etiopia na-eme na Ethiopia", n'etiti ụmụ nwanyị asaa a ma ama, Aster Zaoude, Birtukan Gebregzi, Chachi Tadesse, Hag Destaos, Ingidaye Eshete, Selamawit Ad na Zenaye Tadesse. === Abiy Ahmed === N'otu echiche e bipụtara na ''The New York Times'' na mbido Nọvemba afọ 2020, na mbido Agha Tigray, Tsedale kelere praịm minista Etiopia Abiy Ahmed maka ọchịchị onye kwuo uche ya mbụ nke Etiopia, na-ekwu, "N'ịkpọ onwe ya onye na-eme mgbanwe, nnukwu mgbanwe ndị Maazị Abiy kwere nkwa, onye weghaara n'ọnwa Eprel na afọ 2018, yiri ka ọ na-egbochi nsogbu kachasị njọ nke mba ahụ, " mana o kpebiri na mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, "gabiga ókè", na-eduga na Agha Tig ray. O kwupụtara nchegbu ya na "Nnwere onwe ikwu okwu, nnwere onwe obodo na usoro kwesịrị ekwesị [nwere ike] ịdaba na mgbanwe nke militarism na mmegide" ma kwuo na Abiy yiri ka "ọ chọghị ịkwụsị". Onye nta akụkọ Abebe Gellaw zaghachiri, na-arụ ụka na Tsedale kwesịrị ịkatọ Tigray People's Liberation Front (TPLF), maka afọ iri atọ nke "nchịkwa na-ezighị ezi, nchịkwa, mmegbu, ịkpa ókè, mmebi ikike mmadụ, na nnukwu nrụrụ aka". Abebe kwuru, "TPLF anọwo na-atụfu onye ọ bụla na-agba ọsọ n'aka ya iji mebie ma gbanwee mgbanwe ahụ ma mebie Etiopia na mgbalị ya na-enweghị isi iji weghachite ike na ihe ùgwù ọ tụfuru. " Abebe kwuru na echiche Tsedale kpachaara anya na-eduhie eduhie ma dabere na "ihe ize ndụ na nkụda mmụọ". == Edensibia == {{Reflist| <ref name="CAHDE_Tsedale_Lemma">{{cite web | title= Tsedale Lemma – Our Board of Advisors | website= [[Centre for the Advancement of Human Rights and Democracy in Ethiopia]] | year= 2016 | url= http://cahde.org/tsedale_lemma/ | access-date= 2021-03-09 | archive-url= https://archive.today/Hoj3h | archive-date= 2021-01-18 | url-status= live | accessdate= 2022-07-18 | archivedate= 2021-01-18 | archiveurl= https://archive.today/20210118161312/http://cahde.org/tsedale_lemma/ }}</ref> <ref name="USHoR_Tsedale_biography">{{cite web | title= Hearing on 'The Unfolding Conflict in Ethiopia' – Ms. Tsedale Lemma Biography | website= [[United States House of Representatives]] |date = 2020-12-03 | url = https://www.congress.gov/116/meeting/house/111103/witnesses/HHRG-116-FA16-Bio-LemmaT-20201203.pdf | access-date = 2021-03-10 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20210308163138/https://www.congress.gov/116/meeting/house/111103/witnesses/HHRG-116-FA16-Bio-LemmaT-20201203.pdf |archive-date= 2021-03-08 |url-status=live }}</ref> <ref name="Bandung_Jnl_Global_South">{{cite web | title= Bandung – Journal of the Global South | website= [[Brill Publishers]] |year = 2021 | url = https://brill.com/view/journals/bjgs/bjgs-overview.xml?contents=About | access-date = 2021-03-10 |archive-url= https://archive.today/I1GCn |archive-date= 2021-03-08 |url-status=live }}</ref> <ref name="AddisStand_What_now_2011">{{cite news | last1= Lemma | first1= Tsedale | title= What now? | year=2012 |newspaper= [[Addis Standard]] | url= https://addisstandard.com/2011/category.php?fn_mode=fullnews&fn_id=181 |access-date=2021-03-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170729234930/https://addisstandard.com/2011/category.php?fn_mode=fullnews&fn_id=181 |archive-date= 2017-07-29 |url-status=live }}</ref> <ref name="HornAffairs_Tsedale_Lemma">{{cite news |last1=Berhane |first1=Daniel | title= Interview with Editor-in-Chief Tsedale Lemma | date= 2013-01-14 |newspaper= [[Horn Affairs]] | url= https://hornaffairs.com/2013/01/14/interview-ethiopian-journalist |access-date=2021-03-11 |archive-url= https://archive.today/Sx7wf |archive-date= 2021-03-08|url-status=live }}</ref> <ref name="UNESCO_2014_womens_day">{{cite web | title= Media Advisory – "Equality for Women is Progress for All: Celebrating Ethiopian Women's Achievements in Ethiopia" | website= [[UNESCO]] |year = 2014 | url = https://www.unesco.org/new/fileadmin/MULTIMEDIA/HQ/BSP/GENDER/PDF/ethiopia.pdf | access-date = 2021-03-11 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20200113173016/https://www.unesco.org/new/fileadmin/MULTIMEDIA/HQ/BSP/GENDER/PDF/ethiopia.pdf |archive-date= 2020-01-13 |url-status=live }}</ref> <ref name="NYT_Ethiopia_tragedy">{{cite news | last1= Lemma | first1= Tsedale | author1-link = Tsedale Lemma | title= What's Happening in Ethiopia Is a Tragedy | date= 2020-11-11 |newspaper= [[The New York Times]] | url= https://www.nytimes.com/2020/11/11/opinion/ethiopia-tigray-abiy-ahmed.html |access-date=2021-03-11 |archive-url= https://archive.today/0cs7l |archive-date= 2020-11-12 |url-status=live }}</ref> <ref name="Borkena_open_note_Abebe_Gellaw">{{cite news | last1= Gellaw | first1= Abebe | title= An open note to Ms. Tsedale Lemma (Abebe Gellaw) | date= 2020-11-12 |newspaper= [[Borkena]] | url= https://borkena.com/2020/11/12/ethiopia-tsedale-lemma-abebe-gellaw/ |access-date=2021-03-11 |archive-url= https://archive.today/RGsmA |archive-date= 2021-01-18 |url-status=live }}</ref> <ref name="CJR_Tsedale_threats_ET_press">{{cite web | last1 = Merid | first1 = Feven | title= Q&A: Tsedale Lemma on new threats to the Ethiopian press | website= [[Columbia Journalism Review]] |date = 2021-01-15 | url = https://www.cjr.org/q_and_a/qa-tsedale-lemma-on-new-threats-to-the-ethiopian-press.php | access-date = 2021-03-11 |archive-url= https://archive.today/OJJt1 |archive-date= 2021-03-08 |url-status=live }}</ref> <ref name="AddisStand_morning_after_Oslo">{{cite news | title= Editorial: The morning after Oslo: The hard work should begin | date= 2019-12-12 |newspaper= [[Addis Standard]] | url= https://addisstandard.com/editorial-the-morning-after-oslo-the-hard-work-should-begin |access-date=2021-03-11 |archive-url= https://archive.today/1Cnr3 |archive-date= 2021-03-11 |url-status=live }}</ref> {{void|templates: <ref name="...">{{cite news | last1= | first1= | last2= | first2= | pages= | language = | title= |trans-title = | date= | publisher= |newspaper= | url= |access-date=20... |archive-url= |archive-date= 20... |url-status=live }}</ref> <ref name="..."/> }}}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] qhzmvybgbb4ikbj5i4jpfahjxo7lvvy 0 18564 644597 94486 2026-05-31T10:07:29Z ~2026-32314-82 62081 Fixed reference errors 644597 wikitext text/x-wiki  {{Databox}} '''Tadelesh Birra''' (amụrụ n'ụbọchị 24th April 1975) bụ onye Etiopia na-agba ọsọ ogologo oge.<ref name="world_athletics_profile" /> N'afọ 2001, o sonyere na marathon ụmụ nwanyị na 2001 World Championships in Athletics nke emere na Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.<ref name="world_athletics_profile" /><ref name="women_marathon_world_athletics_championships_2001">{{Cite web|title=Women's marathon|url=http://www2.iaaf.org/WCH01/Results/data/W/MAR/Rf.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20051202062457/http://www2.iaaf.org/WCH01/Results/data/W/MAR/Rf.html|archivedate=2 December 2005|accessdate=25 July 2020|work=2001 World Championships in Athletics}}</ref> Ọ gwụchara n'ọnọdụ nke 31.<ref name="women_marathon_world_athletics_championships_2001" /> O meriri n'ọsọ ụmụ nwanyị na Hannover Marathon na Hannover, Germany na 2003 na 2004.<ref name="world_athletics_profile">{{Cite web|title=Tadelesh Birra|url=https://www.worldathletics.org/athletes/ethiopia/tadelesh-birra-14259889|accessdate=23 June 2020|work=World Athletics}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://www.worldathletics.org/athletes/ethiopia/tadelesh-birra-14259889 "Tadelesh Birra"]. ''World Athletics''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 June</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment" data-ve-ignore="true"><code class="cs1-code"><nowiki>{{</nowiki>[[Àtụ:Cite web|cite web]]<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>: CS1 maint: url-status ([[Ụdị: CS1 nọgidere: url-ọnọdụ|link]])</span> [[Category:CS1 maint: url-status]]</ref> N'afọ 2009, ọ meriri mbipụta mbụ nke Amman Marathon nke emere na Amman, Jọdan.<ref name="world_athletics_profile" /> == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * Tadelesh Birra at World Athletics [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 9vxoige22tul9y44wyc3xe4e68vqhwl 0 18863 644053 94581 2026-05-30T14:35:23Z Mirah50 16972 Fixed reference errors 644053 wikitext text/x-wiki  {{Databox}} '''Tangale''' (Tangle) bụ asụsụ West Chadic a na-asụ na mpaghara Northern nke Naịjịrịa. A na-ahụ ọtụtụ n'ime ndị na-asụ asụsụ ala ahụ gafee Akko, Billiri, Kaltungo na Shongom mpaghara Ọchịchị nke [[Ȯra Gombe|Gombe]] Steeti Niajịrịa . == Ọmụmụ ụdaolu == E nwere ụdaume Tangale itoolu. Nke ọ bụla na-apụta n'ụdị dị ogologo na nke dị mkpirikpi: 22<ref name="JungDic">{{Cite book|author=Jungraithmary|first=Herrmann|title=A dictionary of the Tangale language|date=1991|publisher=Dietrich Reimer Verlag|location=Berlin|isbn=3496005939}}</ref>  {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+Mkpụrụedemede Tangale ! rowspan="2" | ! colspan="2" |N'ihu ! colspan="2" |Nlaghachi |- !<small>mechiri</small> ! colspan="2" |<small>meghere</small> !<small>mechiri</small> |- !Elu |i |ɪ |ʊ |u |- !N'etiti |e |ɛ |ɔ |o |- !Ala Dị Ala | | colspan="2" |a | |} E nwere ihe ruru ụdaume iri atọ na anọ n'asụsụ ahụ, gụnyere nkwụsị implosive, nkwụsị prenasalized, na ụdaume labialized.: 20 Asụsụ ahụ na-eji ọkwa abụọ nke ụda dị iche iche.: 27<ref name="JungDic" /><ref name="JungDic" />  Akụkụ dị ịrịba ama nke Tangale bụ nkwekọrịta ụdaume. Suffixes na-achịkwa ma ụdaume niile dị n'okwu na-emeghe ma ọ bụ mechie. == Aha == Aha nwere nwoke ma ọ bụ nwanyị, mana nke a anaghị egosi na aha.: 28 A na-ahụ ọdịiche dị na okike naanị na usoro nkwekọrịta (okike zoro ezo).<ref name="JungDic" /> A naghị akara aha maka ọtụtụ, ma e wezụga okwu "nwatakịrị" nke nwere ụdị ọtụtụ na-adịghị mma. A suffix ''-i'' na-egosi aha doro anya.: 31 Aha nwekwara ike iwere suffix possessive, nke na-edepụta onye nwe aha ahụ (nkwekọrịta onye nwe ya).<ref name="JungDic" /><ref name="JungDic" />  == Ngwaa == A na-ejikọta ngwaa na mgbọrọgwụ nke ụdị nkewa ndị a: CVC-, CVːC-, CV(m)CC-, na CVCː-.: A na-etinye mgbọrọgwụ 39 maka ọtụtụ okwu n'ụzọ itoolu dị iche iche gụnyere reduplication, suffixation, infixation na devoicing.<ref name="JungDic" /> Otu subclass nke ihe dị ka ngwaa 30 nwere mgbọrọgwụ dị mkpirikpi na naanị otu ụdaume: 43<ref name="JungDic" />  A na-eji otu n'ime nsonaazụ itoolu na-emetụta ọnọdụ (TAM) akara ngwaa:: 39 Imperative-Subjunctive, Aorist-Intentional, Aorista-Subjunsive, Progressive I, Future, Perfect I, Perfect II (Dependent or Repetitive Perfect), Progressive II, ma ọ bụ Habitual.<ref name="JungDic" /> Na mgbakwunye, ngwaa na ụfọdụ TAM nwere ike iwere Altrilocal-Ventive ma ọ bụ Distance suffix.: 46<ref name="JungDic" /> == Ideophones == Ideophones bụ klas okwu "na-egosipụta mmetụta uche". N'ụzọ ọdịdị, ideophones na-abụkarị disyllabic ma nwee okwu ikpeazụ. Ha nwekwara ụdị ọzọ sitere na reduplication zuru oke. Ideophones na-ebu naanị ụda dị ala. == Aha nnọchiaha == Usoro nnọchiaha na-ekewa ụdị asatọ: mmadụ atọ, otu na ọtụtụ, na ọdịiche nwoke na nwanyị na ụdị nke abụọ na nke atọ: 32ff E nwere ụdị nnọchiaha atọ nwere onwe (ma ọ bụ zuru oke).<ref name="JungDic" /> Ndị nnọchiaha nwere ụdị atọ nke a na-amata site na ojiji ha na TAM dị iche iche. A na-agbakọta nnọchiaha ihe na ihe na-apụtaghị ìhè na ngwaa. Ihe na-esote (ma ọ bụ ihe na-esochi nkwekọrịta onye nwe) na-ejikọta na aha na ndepụta nke onye nwe ya na-agbaso otu ụdị ahụ dị ka nnọchiaha ndị ọzọ. A na-eji okwu ''kɪɪ'' na nsonaazụ possessive emepụta nnọchiaha na-emegharị. == Ịgọnahụ == A na-agbagha okwu aha na okwu site na ihe a kọwara dị ka nsonaazụ ''-m''.: 61<ref name="JungDic" /> == Akwụkwọ == J.S.Hall nke Sudan Interior Mission sooro ndị Tangale rụọ ọrụ ma mepụta akwụkwọ n'asụsụ ahụ. Na 1920 e bipụtara Oziọma Luk site na British and Foreign Bible Society<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.scribd.com/doc/37064804/Tangale-Bible-Gospel-of-Luke|title=Tangale Bible - Gospel of Luke &#124; PDF}}</ref> sochiri Ruth na Jona na 1922, mgbe ahụ Ọrụ Ndịozi na 1922, Oziọma Matiu na 1927, Rom na 1928, akwụkwọ ozi Pọl na 1929 na Agba Ọhụrụ na 1932. == Ihe edeturu == {{Reflist}} == Ebensidee == *   * *   == Ịgụ ihe ọzọ == * *   *   {{Languages of Nigeria}} [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 5iuxuvd7v8weqkhx324n9omif4pmqmh 0 18942 644081 94861 2026-05-30T15:31:33Z Geraldine Kene 23189 Fixed reference error 644081 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Zalabiyeh''' (Arabic) ma ọ bụ '''Pitulici''' bụ fritter ma ọ bụ doughnut a na-ahụ n'ọtụtụ nri na Europe, Middle East na West Asia. A na-eme ụdị igwe njuoyi site na ntụ ọka ọka wit dị nro nke a na-awụnye n'ime mmanụ ọkụ ma sie ya.<ref>{{Cite book|author=Hunwick|first=Heather Delancey|title=Doughnut: A Global History|date=15 September 2015|isbn=9781780235356|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LTwpCgAAQBAJ&pg=PT14}}</ref> Nchịkọta nri mbụ a maara maka nri ahụ sitere na akwụkwọ nri Arabic nke narị afọ nke iri ma e mere ya na mbụ site na ịwụsa ụyọkọ ahụ n'ime mkpokoro akị bekee. ''Zalabiyeh'' bụkwa okwu asụsụ Arabic nke ndị Juu Mizrahi na-eji eme ihe maka ntụ ọka yeast siri ike, nke a na-ejikarị mmanụ aṅụ ma ọ bụ syrup, nke a makwaara dị ka burmuelos na Ladino.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Savoring Gotham: A Food Lover's Companion to New York City|date=11 November 2015|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-026364-5|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KBGnCgAAQBAJ&pg=PT227}}</ref> == Akụkọ ihe mere eme == Nchịkọta nri mbụ a maara maka ''zalabiya'' sitere na akwụkwọ nri Arabic nke narị afọ nke 10 bụ ''Kitab al-Tabikh'' .<ref name="oxford">{{Cite book|author=Goldstein|first=Darra|title=The Oxford Companion to Sugar and Sweets|publisher=Oxford University Press}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|author=al-Warraq|first=Ibn Sayyar|title=annals of the caliphs' kitchens|date=Nov 26, 2007|publisher=BRILL|isbn=978-9004158-672|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dUC-e-l3XM8C&q=chapter+100}}</ref> N'akwụkwọ ochie Al-Baghdadi nke usoro nri nke ndị Arab; a wụsara ntụ ọka ahụ n'ime mkpokoro akị bekee. Ụdị friza a yiri nke Indian jelabi na usoro nri nke narị afọ nke iri na isii sitere na nri ndị Germany maka ''strauben'' nke ejiri funnel mee.<ref>{{Cite book|author=Goldstein|first=Darra|title=The Oxford Companion to Sugar and Sweets|publisher=Oxford University Press|date=2012}}</ref> Ụzọ dị iche iche emeela n'ịkwadebe nri na-atọ ụtọ. Dị ka Muqadassi (narị afọ nke iri OA) si kwuo, ndị nọ na nnukwu Syria n'oge oyi "[ga-akwadebe] ụdị ''Zalabiya'' na-enweghị ihe ọ bụla. Nke a ga-abụ ''Zalabiya'', onye na-esi achịcha e siri esi. Ụfọdụ na-adị ogologo n'ọdịdị, yiri crullers, ebe ndị pere mpe, mgbe ụfọdụ a na-eme ka ha bụrụ bọọlụ, yiri ọdịdị dumplings. "<ref name="Salloum2013">{{Cite book|author=Salloum|first=Habeeb|title=Sweet Delights from a Thousand and One Nights: The Story of Traditional Arab Sweets|publisher=I.B. Tauris & Co.|location=London|year=2013|language=en|oclc=8902838136|isbn=978-1-78076-464-1}}</ref> Na North Africa, ha ga-enye aha ''Zalabiya'' na ụdị achịcha dị iche, ya bụ ''Mushabbak'', ịbụ achịcha a siri esi nke a na-eme site na ịpị ụfụfụ, ma tinye ya na ''<nowiki/>'asal'' (honey) syrup ma ọ bụ ''qatr''. "<ref name="Salloum2013" /> N'afọ 1280, dọkịta ndị Juu Sicilian bụ Faraj ben Salim sụgharịrị akwụkwọ ọgwụ n'asụsụ Latin, (beke: nah nkewa mba dị iche iche Latin: ''Tacvini Aegritvdinvm'' et Morborum ferme omnium Corporis humani), nke Ibn Jazla onye dibịa Arab dere ma nwee ọtụtụ usoro nri ndị Peshia, gụnyere otu maka "Zelebia".<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Levey|first=Martin|date=1971|title=The Pharmacological Table of ibn Biklārish|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/24622390|journal=Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences|volume=26|issue=4|pages=413–421|issn=0022-5045}}</ref> N'etiti ndị Juu Yemenite, ''zalabiyeh'' bụ nri a na-eri karịsịa n'oge ọnwa oyi. Na Yemen, a na-esi ''zalabiyeh'' n'ime ite ncha nke e ji mmanụ dị ihe dị ka 1 cm. miri emi kpuchie, ebe a na-agwakọta mmanụ na mgbe ụfọdụ mmanụ aṅụ.<ref name="Qafih1982">{{Cite book|author=Qafih|first=Y.|authorlink=Yosef Qafih|title=Halichot Teman (Jewish Life in Sanà)|publisher=[[Ben-Zvi Institute]]|date=1982|location=Jerusalem|language=he|isbn=965-17-0137-4|oclc=863513860}}</ref> N'ebe ahụ, a "mere ''zalabiyeh'' site na achịcha yeast dị nro [na] nke a na-esi n'akụkụ abụọ na mmanụ miri emi. E nwere ndị na-agbakwunye cumin ojii na ntụ ọka maka uto ka mma. A na-eri ha mgbe ha ka na-ekpo ọkụ, ebe ụfọdụ na-eri ya na mmanụ aṅụ ma ọ bụ shuga. ".<ref>{{Cite book|editor=Tobi|title=Yalḳuṭ Teman - Lexicon|publisher=E'eleh betamar|date=2000|location=Tel-Aviv|language=he|oclc=609321911}}</ref> == Mmalite mbụ a maara == Dị ka 2 Samuel 13:810 si kwuo, nwa nwanyị Eze Devid kwadebere fritters (Hibru: ) maka nwanne ya nwoke Amnon.<ref>Cf. [[David Kimhi]], Commentary on 2 Samuel 13:8, who wrote: "...according to our Sages, of blessed memory, she made for him varieties of fried pastry, which is when they fry the dough in a frying pan containing oil." </ref><ref name="Qafih1982" /> Ka ọ na-erule narị afọ nke abụọ OA, aha onye na-esi nri ewerela aha ''sūfğenīn'' (Hibru: ) na Mishnaic Hibru, okwu sitere na ọdịdị sponge ya nwere oghere alveolar.<ref>Cf. [[Mishnah]] (''Hallah'' [[iarchive:DanbyMishnah/page/n112/mode/1up|1:5]] (p. 83))</ref> === Omenala === Ndị Alakụba na-eri ''Zalabiyeh'' n'oge ọnwa Ramadan, na n'oge ememe Diwali maka ndị Hindu na ndị Kraịst n'oge Advent na Ista, na ndị Juu Sephardic maka Hanukkah. ''Zalabiyeh'' (ma ọ bụ zelbi) bụ ''sufgan'' ọdịnala ("achịcha spongy") maka ndị Juu Peasia.<ref name="oxford" /> == Mgbanwe nke oge a == A na-ahụkarị fritter na mpaghara India, na mba ndị dị ka [[Ndia|India]], Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Bangladesh, ọ bụ ezie na emere ya n'ụzọ dị iche na nke Middle East na North Africa. N'ọtụtụ mba Middle East na North Africa, dị ka Iran, Iraq, Jordan, Syria, [[Lebanon]], [[Tunisia]], [[Algeria]], [[Ethiopia]], nakwa n'Ijipt, ha yiri spongy-cake e siri na mmanụ. Na Iran, ebe a maara ya dị ka ''zolbiya'', a na-enye ndị ogbenye ihe na-atọ ụtọ n'oge Ramadan. E nwere ọtụtụ usoro nri nke narị afọ nke iri na atọ nke ihe na-atọ ụtọ, nke a nabatara nke Muhammad bin Hasan al-Baghdadi kwuru n'akwụkwọ nri.<ref name="Alan2014">{{Cite book|author=Alan Davidson|title=The Oxford Companion to Food|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RL6LAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA424|date=21 August 2014|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-967733-7|pages=424–425}}</ref> Na Iraq na narị afọ nke 20, starch (Arabic: ) bụ ihe dị mkpa na ''zalabiyeh'' ha, nke e ji shuga kpuchie.<ref>{{Cite book|author=Yosef Hayyim|authorlink=Yosef Hayyim|title=Sefer Ben Ish Ḥai (Halakhot)|publisher=Merkaz ha-sefer|location=Jerusalem|year=1986|language=he|oclc=492903129}}</ref> N'Ebe Ugwu Africa, a na-ejikarị yogọt agbakwunye na ihe ndị kpọrọ nkụ eme ''zalabiyeh''. A maara ha dị ka zlebia na nri Tunisia, ''jalebie'' na Philippines, ''zülbiya'' na Azerbaijan na jilapi na India.<ref>{{Cite book|author=Jones|first=Paul Anthony|title=The Cabinet of Linguistic Curiosities: A Yearbook of Forgotten Words|date=2019|publisher=University of Chicago Press|url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Cabinet_of_Linguistic_Curiosities/M_uwDwAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1}}</ref> == Hụkwa == * Jalebi * Sfenj * Sufganiyah == Ebensidee == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 5w5cgdf4ud74fn162qmod2isv7xq5da 0 19079 644290 632643 2026-05-30T20:23:53Z Wikipedian12512(alt) 61413 ce 644290 wikitext text/x-wiki  {{Databox}} [[Usòrò:Meatballtajine.jpg|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Meatballtajine.jpg/220px-Meatballtajine.jpg|thumb|Tajine Algeria na ọkụkọ, anụ na oliv]] Tajine Zitoun ma ọ bụ '''Tajine El Zitoune''' (Arabic) ma ọ bụ '''Tagine Zitoune''' ma ọ bụ '''Olive Tajine''' bụ stew ọdịnala Algeria sitere n'obodo Algiers.<ref>{{Cite book|author=Bouayed|first=Fatima-Zohra|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/11290460|title=La cuisine algérienne|date=1983|publisher=Messidor/Temps actuels|isbn=2-201-01648-8|location=Paris|oclc=11290460}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Tajine zitoune|url=https://www.tasteatlas.com/tajine-zitoune|work=[[TasteAtlas]]}}</ref> A na-akpọ ya aha site na ite ite ite nke a na-esi ya, ite [[tajine]]. Tajine Zitoun na-agụnyekarị nwa atụrụ ma ọ bụ ọkụkọ na oliv, mgbe mgbe na ngwakọta ụfọdụ nke yabasị, karọt, mushrooms ma ọ bụ akwụkwọ nri ndị ọzọ, a na-ejikarị thyme, akwụkwọ bay, mmiri lemon, na saffron ma ọ bụ turmeric eme ya.<ref>{{Cite book|author=Waller|first=Emma|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1250943651|title=A taste of Algeria.|date=2012|isbn=978-1-909093-05-8|location=[Leeds, England]|pages=|language=English|oclc=1250943651}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=Bouayed|first=Fatima-Zohra|year=1970|title=La cuisine algérienne|url=https://www.abebooks.com/cuisine-alg%C3%A9rienne-Bouayed-Fatima-Zohra-Temps-Actuels/31073983930/bd|archivedate=1970|accessdate=|work=|publisher=Temps Actuels|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|author=Clabrough|first=Chantal|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=A-McTVd4j90C|title=A Pied Noir Cookbook: French Sephardic Cuisine from Algeria|date=2005|publisher=Hippocrene Books|isbn=978-0-7818-1082-1|pages=76|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|author=Bodic|first=Slavka|title=The Ultimate Algerian Cookbook: 111 Dishes From Algeria To Cook Right Now (World Cuisines)|publisher=Independently Published|year=2021|isbn=9798729858330|pages=198|language=English}}</ref><ref name=":0" /> Na Constantine, no na Algeria, nri na-atọ ụtọ nwere ike ịbụ anụ ọkụkọ ma ọ bụ ire ehi nke e ji naanị oliv na mushroom sie, ma ọ bụ anụ a gbajiri agbaji, wee jiri ero na olive sie ya na ofe.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=BENAYOUN|first=JOËLLE ALLOUCHE|date=1983|title=Les pratiques culinaires: lieux de mémoire, facteur d'identité|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/41285309|journal=La Rassegna Mensile di Israel|volume=49|issue=9/12|pages=627|issn=0033-9792}}</ref> == Nkwadobe == Nkwadobe ụfọdụ na-akpọ ka a na-eme ka mkpụrụ oliv na mmiri na-esi ísì ụtọ, wee kpochapụ ya, tupu etinye ha na ntụziaka, iji wepụ ụfọdụ nnu.<ref name=":0"/><ref name=":1">{{Cite book|author=Marks|first=Copeland|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/36104175|title=The great book of couscous : classic cuisines of Morocco, Algeria and Tunisia|date=1997|publisher=Primus|isbn=1-55611-524-5|location=New York|oclc=36104175}}</ref> Nri ahụ nwere ọdịiche dabere na mpaghara Algeria, mana ha niile gụnyere oliv. Dị ka ọtụtụ nri Algeria, ụfọdụ ọdịiche gụnyere ofe ọcha ma ọ bụ ọbara ọbara, ụfọdụ na-akọwa ọkụkọ ma ọ bụ nwa atụrụ ma ọ bụ anụ e gburu egbu. Ụfọdụ gụnyere akwụkwọ nri ndị ọzọ.<ref>{{Cite book|author=Badache-Dellidj|first=Josette|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/180982985|title=La cuisine algérienne|date=2007|publisher=Bachari|others=Abdou Diouri|isbn=978-2-913678-33-0|location=Paris|oclc=180982985}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Tajine zitoune Algérois|url=https://www.marmiton.org/recettes/recette_tajine-zitoune-algerois_343476.aspx|work=marmiton}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=my excellent degustations|url=https://www.myexcellentdegustations.com/algerian-chicken-olives-tajine-zitoune/|accessdate=2022-08-02|archivedate=2022-01-23|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220123180812/https://www.myexcellentdegustations.com/algerian-chicken-olives-tajine-zitoune/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Evasion culinaire|url=http://www.evasion-culinaire.com/tajine-zitoune/#.Ye2VzPgo82w|accessdate=2022-08-02|archivedate=2022-01-23|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220123180811/http://www.evasion-culinaire.com/tajine-zitoune/#.Ye2VzPgo82w}}</ref> Na mpaghara Oran nke ọdịda anyanwụ Algeria, nke a maara maka ubi oliv na ugbo mushroom, a na-agụnye mushroom n'ozuzu ya: 123 Xia 124 Saffron na-ahọrọ, mana a na-ejikarị turmeric dochie anya maka akụ na ụba.<ref name=":1"/> == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}} axtxo4uhgeotsxiuipf8lii308d1v7j 0 19199 644132 433328 2026-05-30T17:29:32Z Mirah50 16972 Fixed reference errors 644132 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} {{Infobox person|name=Temi Otedola|image=Temo Otedola 37.png|alt=JTOFashion|caption=Temi Otedola|birth_name=Temiloluwa Elizabeth Otedola|birth_date={{birth date and age|1996|3|20|df=yes}}|birth_place=|partner=Mr Eazi <ref name="Okonofua" /><ref name="channelstv.com">{{Cite web |title=Singer Mr Eazi Proposes To Girlfriend Temi Otedola |url=https://www.channelstv.com/2022/04/10/singer-mr-eazi-proposes-to-girlfriend-temi-otedola/ |access-date=2022-07-25 |website=Channels Television}}</ref>|children=|parents=[[Femi Otedola]] and Nana Otedola|nationality=Nigerian|net worth=|website={{URL|jtofashion.com/}}|alma_mater=[[University of London]]|occupation=Blogger, [[Actress]]}} [[Category:Articles with hCards]] '''Temiloluwa Elizabeth Otedola''' {{Audio|Yo-Temi Otedola.ogg|audio}} (Amụrụ na 20 Machị 1996) bụ onye Naijiria n' eme ihe nkiri ma bụrụkwa onye na-ede blọgụ. A maara ya maka ịrụ ọrụ "Moremi Oluwa" na <nowiki><i id="mwEg">ihe</i></nowiki> nkiri 2020 Citation .<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|author=Husseini|first=Shaibu|date=2020-11-14|title=Standing Ovation for leading stars of Citation|url=https://t.guardian.ng/saturday-magazine/standing-ovation-for-leading-stars-of-citation/|accessdate=April 9, 2021|work=Guardian.ng|archivedate=2020-11-27|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20201127204509/https://guardian.ng/saturday-magazine/standing-ovation-for-leading-stars-of-citation/}}</ref><ref name="Ojo 2020">{{Cite web|author=Ojo|first=James|title=Kunle Afolayan: How Ibukun Awosika, Temi Otedola got roles in ‘Citation’|work=TheCable Lifestyle|date=November 16, 2020|url=http://lifestyle.thecable.ng/kunle-afolayan-how-ibukun-awosika-temi-otedola-got-roles-in-citation/|accessdate=July 25, 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-11-14|title=Standing ovation for leading stars of Citation|url=https://guardian.ng/saturday-magazine/standing-ovation-for-leading-stars-of-citation/|accessdate=2022-07-25|work=The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News|language=en-US|archivedate=2022-05-02|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220502072055/https://guardian.ng/saturday-magazine/standing-ovation-for-leading-stars-of-citation/}}</ref> == Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ == Otedola (Amụrụ na 20 Machị 1996). Ọ gụrụ akụkọ na Mahadum College London, Mahadum London.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Temi-Otedola|title=Profile: Temi Otedola|work=[[ResearchGate]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=Owolabi|first=Agbolade|date=2017-07-22|title=8 things you should know about Eazi and Temi Otedola {{!}} Encomium Magazine|url=https://encomium.ng/8-things-you-should-know-about-eazi-and-temi-otedola/|accessdate=2021-07-11|language=en-US}}</ref> == Ọrụ == Otedola malitere blọọgụ ejiji a na-akpọ "JTO Fashion" na Disemba 2014. Ọ na-edekọ ejiji, ịma mma, nka, na ahụmịhe njem.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Ekechukwu|first=Ferdinand|date=2020-11-07|title=Temi Otedola is Star Attraction as Citation Premieres in Lagos|url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2020/11/07/temi-otedola-is-star-attraction-as-citation-premieres-in-lagos/|accessdate=2021-07-11|work=[[This Day]]|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=Huber|first=Eliza|title=27 Black Influencers That You Should Be Following|url=https://www.refinery29.com/en-us/black-fashion-influencers-instagram|accessdate=2021-07-11|work=www.refinery29.com|language=en}}</ref> O mere [[Nollywood]] mbụ ya na 2020 na Citation nke Kunle Afolayan.<ref name=":1"/><ref>{{Cite web|author=Alfred|first=Lanre|date=2020-09-20|title=Phenomenal Femi Otedola as a Billionaire And Quintessential Father|url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2020/09/20/phenomenal-femi-otedola-as-a-billionaire-and-quintessential-father/|accessdate=2021-07-11|work=[[This Day]]|language=en-US}}</ref> Ọrụ ya na Citation, mere ka o nweta ihe nrite na "Ghana Movie Awards "maka" Best Actress", ma họpụta ya maka Mkpughe nke Afọ na "Best of Nollywood Awards 2020". <ref name="Punch NG">{{Cite web|title=Temi Otedola wins Best Actress at Ghana Movie Awards|url=https://punchng.com/temi-otedola-wins-best-actress-at-ghana-movie-awards/|work=Punch Newspapers|accessdate=26 July 2021|date=31 December 2020}}</ref><ref name="Vanguard NG">{{Cite web|title=Temi Otedola gets DJ Cuppy's blessing on acting journey|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2020/11/temi-otedola-gets-dj-cuppys-blessing-on-acting-journey/|work=Vanguard News|accessdate=26 July 2021|date=23 November 2020}}</ref> Ọ laghachiri na nnukwu ihuenyo maka ihe ngosi nke abụọ ya ebe ọ bụ na ọ pụtara na "Kunle Afolayan's" "Citation" na Anthill studios' newest project "The Man For The Job", ihe nkiri nke Niyi Akinmolayan dere ma duzie.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Nwogu|first=Precious 'Mamazeus'|date=2022-02-07|title=Temi Otedola, Alibaba, Ini Edo to star in Niyi Akinmolayan's 'The Man for the Job'|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/temi-otedola-alibaba-ini-edo-to-star-in-niyi-akinmolayans-the-man-for-the-job/cjjxpsc|accessdate=2022-08-05|work=Pulse Nigeria|language=en}}</ref> == Ndụ onwe onye == Ọ bụ nwa nwanyị ikpeazụ nke onye Naijiria nwere ọtụtụ ijeri, Femi Otedola na nwanne nwanyị nke [[DJ Cuppy]] na Tolani. Ya na onye na-agụ egwu Naijiria, Maazị Eazi nwere mmekọrịta ya na ya nwere podcast aha ya bụ How Far na [[Mr Eazi|Maazị Eezi]] na Temi.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Dede|first=Steve|date=2020-12-17|title=7 things we learnt about Mr Eazi and Temi Otedola's relationship from their podcast 'How Far'|url=https://www.pulse.ng/lifestyle/relationships-weddings/7-things-we-learnt-about-mr-eazi-and-temi-otedolas-relationship-from-their-podcast/n2sw271|accessdate=2021-07-11|work=Pulse Nigeria|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2017-06-12|title=Temi Otedola: 4 Things you should know about Mr Eazi's new girlfriend|url=https://www.pulse.com.gh/temi-otedola-4-things-you-should-know-about-mr-eazis-new-girlfriend/zz4njsr|accessdate=2021-07-11|work=Pulse Ghana|language=en|archivedate=2021-07-11|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210711210310/https://www.pulse.com.gh/temi-otedola-4-things-you-should-know-about-mr-eazis-new-girlfriend/zz4njsr}}</ref> N'abalị iri n'ọnwa Eprel afọ 2022, ọ kwere [[Mr Eazi|Maazị Eazi]] nkwa ọlụlụ.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Olowolagba|first=Fikayo|title=Otedola, celebrities react as Mr Eazi engages daughter, Temi|url=https://dailypost.ng/2022/04/10/otedola-celebrities-react-as-mr-eazi-engages-daughter-temi/|work=Daily Post Nigeria|accessdate=11 April 2022|date=10 April 2022}}</ref><ref name="Okonofua">{{Cite web|first=Odion |date=2022-06-08 |title=Mr Eazi and Temi Otedola speak about wedding plans, want a very intimate ceremony |url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/celebrities/mr-eazi-and-temi-otedola-speak-about-wedding-plans-want-a-very-intimate-ceremony/5tpl2p9 |language=en|author=Okonofua|accessdate=2022-07-25|work=Pulse Nigeria}}</ref><ref name="channelstv.com" /> == Ihe nkiri == # Nkwupụta (2020)<ref>{{Cite web|author=Augoye|first=Jayne|date=2020-11-14|title=Movie Review: ‘Citation' ticks the right boxes, Temi Otedola is Nollywood’s newest star|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/nollywood/426080-movie-review-citation-ticks-the-right-boxes-temi-otedola-is-nollywoods-newest-star.html|accessdate=2022-08-06|work=Premium Times Nigeria|language=en-GB}}</ref> # Nwoke Maka Ọrụ (2022)<ref>{{Cite web|author=Nwogu|first=Precious 'Mamazeus'|date=2022-02-07|title=Temi Otedola, Alibaba, Ini Edo to star in Niyi Akinmolayan's 'The Man for the Job'|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/temi-otedola-alibaba-ini-edo-to-star-in-niyi-akinmolayans-the-man-for-the-job/cjjxpsc|accessdate=2022-08-06|work=Pulse Nigeria}}</ref> == Onyinye na nhọpụta == {| class="wikitable" !Afọ !Ihe nrite !Ụdị !Ihe nkiri !Nsonaazụ !Ref |- |2020 |Ihe nrite kacha mma nke Nollywood |Mkpughe nke Afọ |{{n/a}} |{{Nom}} |<ref name="Vanguard NG"/> |- | rowspan="2" |2021 |Ihe nrite ihe nkiri Ghana |Onye na-eme ihe nkiri kacha mma |''Ihe e dere n'akwụkwọ'' |{{Won}} |<ref name="Punch NG"/> |- |Nsọpụrụ Net |Onye A Na-achọkarị |{{n/a}} |{{Nom}} |<ref>{{Cite web|author=Oluwatoye|first=Dara|date=2021-06-15|title=NET Honours 2021: Israel Adesanya, Temi Otedola, Tacha, Others Nominated For Most Searched Person|url=https://thenet.ng/net-honours-2021-israel-adesanya-temi-otedola-tacha-others-nominated-for-most-searched-person/|accessdate=2021-07-11|work=[[Nigerian Entertainment Today]]|language=en-US}}</ref> |} == Ihe odide == {{Reflist|2}} == Njikọ mpụga == * {{IMDb name|11319652}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 18h4g2u19tuklacc1uecmyjtcdnsv70 0 19219 644336 541589 2026-05-30T21:40:08Z Iwuala chisom 17246 Added {{DEFAULTSORT}} 644336 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person |name=Elizabeth Wanjiru Wathuti |image=Elizabeth Wathuti, 2022 (cropped).jpg |caption=2022 |birth_date={{Birth date and age|df=y|1995|08|01}}|birth_place=Kiandu village, Tetu Constituency, Nyeri County Kenya|death_date=|death_place=|education=[[Kenyatta University]]|years_active=2015–present|known_for=Environment and Climate activism since childhood}} [[Category:Articles with hCards]] '''Elizabeth Wanjiru Wathuti''' (amụrụ n'Ọgọst 1, 1995) bụ onye Kenya na-ahụ maka gburugburu ebe obibi na ihu igwe na onye guzobere Green Generation Initiative, nke na-azụlite ndị na-eto eto ịhụ okike n'anya ma mara gburugburu ebe obibi n'oge ha dị obere ma ugbu a, ọ kụọla mkpụrụ osisi pụkụ ịrị atọ na [[Kenya]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.france24.com/en/20190925-perspective-elizabeth-wathuti-green-generation-initiative-kenya-climate-activist-trees|title=Perspective - Elizabeth Wathuti, the 23-year-old environmental activist planting trees in Kenya|date=2019-09-25|work=France 24|language=en|accessdate=2020-02-02}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.unenvironment.org/youngchampions/bio/2019/africa/elizabeth-wathuti|title=Elizabeth Wathuti|author=Environment|first=U. N.|work=Young Champions of the Earth - UN Environment Program|language=en|accessdate=2020-02-02}}</ref> N'afọ 2019, e nyere ya ihe nrite nke Africa Green Person of the Year Award site na Eleven Eleven Twelve Foundation ma kpọọ ya otu n'ime 100 Most Influential Young Africans site na Africa Youth Awards.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://eetfoundation.org/green-award-categories/|title=Green Award Categories – EETFoundation|language=en-US|accessdate=2020-02-04}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=http://apanews.net/en/pays/kenya/news/nine-kenyans-among-2019-most-influential-young-africans|title=Nine Kenyans among 2019 most influential young Africans|author=APANEWS|work=apanews.net|language=en|accessdate=2020-01-31|archivedate=2020-02-02|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200202060514/http://apanews.net/en/pays/kenya/news/nine-kenyans-among-2019-most-influential-young-africans}}</ref> == Agụmakwụkwọ == Wathuti gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Mahadum Kenyatta wee nweta nzere bachelọ na Environmental Studies na Community Development.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.the-star.co.ke/news/2019-05-24-meet-elizabeth-wathuti-kenyas-unep-champion/|title=Meet Elizabeth Wathuti, Kenya's environment champion|work=The Star|language=en-KE|accessdate=2020-02-02}}</ref> == Nwatakịrị na ọrụ gburugburu ebe obibi == Wathuti tolitere na Nyeri County, nke a ma ama maka inwe oke ọhịa kachasị elu na Kenya.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://mobile.nation.co.ke/news/Kenya-lakeside-counties-with-no-forests/1950946-3071560-format-xhtml-ujtx/index.html|title=Lakeside counties with 'no forests'|author=App|first=Daily Nation|work=mobile.nation.co.ke|language=en|accessdate=2020-02-04}}</ref> Ọ kụrụ osisi mbụ ya mgbe ọ dị afọ asaa wee gaa n'ihu guzobe klọb gburugburu ebe obibi na ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị ya site n'enyemaka nke onye nkuzi ala ya, onye nyere onwe ya ka ọ bụrụ onye nkwado klọb ahụ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.kenyans.co.ke/personality/elizabeth-wanjiru-wathuti|title=Elizabeth Wanjiru Wathuti {{!}} Kenyans.co.ke|work=www.kenyans.co.ke|accessdate=2020-02-04}}</ref> Ọ bụ otu n'ime ndị isi nke Kenyatta University Environmental Club (KUNEC) ebe o nwere ike ịhazị ma lekọta ọtụtụ ọrụ; dị ka ịkụ osisi, ihicha na agụmakwụkwọ gburugburu ebe obibi; ihe niile ka ọ na-eme ka mmata banyere nsogbu gburugburu ebe obibi ụwa dị ka mgbanwe ihu igwe.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.tiredearth.com/experts/elizabeth-wanjiru-wathuti|title=Elizabeth Wanjiru Wathuti|work=www.tiredearth.com|language=en|accessdate=2020-01-31|archivedate=2021-11-24|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211124204751/https://www.tiredearth.com/experts/elizabeth-wanjiru-wathuti}}</ref> N'afọ 2016, o guzobere Green Generation Initiative, nke na-elekwasị anya n'ịzụlite ndị na-eto eto na-anụ ọkụ n'obi maka gburugburu ebe obibi, agụmakwụkwọ gburugburu ebe obibi na ihu igwe, iwulite ikike ihu igwe na ụlọ akwụkwọ akwụkwọ akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ. Vidio ya "The Forest is a Part of Me" bụ nke Global Landscapes Forum (GLF) gosipụtara dị ka akụkụ nke usoro na Youth Voices in Landscapes. Ọ bụ onye natara ihe nrite Wangari Maathai Scholarship maka mmasị ya pụrụ iche na mkpebi ya maka nchekwa gburugburu ebe obibi.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.greenbeltmovement.org/node/805|title=Recipients of the fourth Wangari Maathai Scholarship Award {{!}} The Green Belt Movement|work=www.greenbeltmovement.org|language=en|accessdate=2020-02-01|archivedate=2021-11-17|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211117204225/https://www.greenbeltmovement.org/node/805}}</ref> Wathuti bụkwa onye otu zuru oke nke Green Belt Movement, nke onye nwụrụ anwụ Prọfesọ Wangari Maathai guzobere bụ onye bụ ihe nlereanya Wathuti na nnukwu mkpali na mmetụta<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.kcdf.or.ke/index.php/component/content/article?id=175:20-year-old-following-in-wangari-maathai-s-footsteps|title=KCDF|work=www.kcdf.or.ke|accessdate=2020-02-01|archivedate=2021-12-03|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211203172004/https://www.kcdf.or.ke/index.php/component/content/article?id=175%3A20-year-old-following-in-wangari-maathai-s-footsteps}}</ref> N'afọ 2019 na International Youth Day, Duke na Duchess nke Sussex nabatara ya site n'ide ihe odide na Instagram ha maka ọrụ ya na nchekwa gburugburu ebe obibi.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.facebook.com/kenyarising/posts/2451806485076816|title=Kenya rising|work=www.facebook.com|language=en|accessdate=2020-02-01}}</ref> E gosipụtakwara ya na ebe nrụọrụ weebụ Queen's Commonwealth Trust.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.queenscommonwealthtrust.org/inspiration/green-generation-initiative-ggi-kenya-environment-conservation/|title=Green Generation Initiative: working towards a green future|work=www.queenscommonwealthtrust.org|language=en|accessdate=2020-02-01}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|author=Wealth Trust|first=Queen's Common|title=Queen's Common Wealth Trust Annual Report|url=https://assets.ctfassets.net/2udv7y0pnkpk/55VZsbzragdJ1UdOWe2p7I/85cfaf872e72e768ed9334e98987853f/F1819_Annual_Report_FINAL_SIGNED.pdf|journal=Annual Report|volume=year ended 31st March, 2019|pages=17}}</ref> N'otu afọ ahụ, Greenpeace gosipụtara ya na Vanessa Nakate na Oladuso Adenike dị ka otu n'ime ndị isi ojii atọ na-eme ihe gbasara ihu igwe n'Africa na-anwa ịzọpụta ụwa. == Ihe nrite na nkwanye ùgwù == * 2016 nke anọ Wangari Maathai Scholarship Award<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.greenbeltmovement.org/node/805|title=Recipients of the fourth Wangari Maathai Scholarship Award {{!}} The Green Belt Movement|work=www.greenbeltmovement.org|language=en|accessdate=2020-02-01|archivedate=2021-11-17|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211117204225/https://www.greenbeltmovement.org/node/805}}</ref> * Green Climate Fund Climate Youth Champion Award 2019<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://sdg.iisd.org:443/news/first-ever-gcf-green-champion-awards-recognizes-efforts-to-combat-climate-change/|title=First-ever GCF Green Champion Awards Recognizes Efforts to Combat Climate Change {{!}} News {{!}} SDG Knowledge Hub {{!}} IISD|author=Hub|first=IISD's SDG Knowledge|language=en-US|accessdate=2020-01-30}}</ref> * Africa Green Person of the Year 2019 Award site na Eleven Eleven Twelve Foundation.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://eetfoundation.org/green-award-categories/|title=Green Award Categories – EETFoundation|language=en-US|accessdate=2020-02-01}}</ref> * Ndị ntorobịa otu narị na Africa nwere mmetụta site na Africa Youth Awards.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://apanews.net/en/news/nine-kenyans-among-2019-most-influential-young-africans|title=Nine Kenyans among 2019 most influential young Africans|work=apanews.net|language=fr|accessdate=2020-02-04|archivedate=2021-11-20|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211120161934/https://apanews.net/en/news/nine-kenyans-among-2019-most-influential-young-africans}}</ref> * Ihe nrite Diana International (2019)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://diana-award.org.uk/roll-of-honour-2019/|title=Roll of Honour 2019|work=The Diana Award|language=en-US|accessdate=2020-02-14}}</ref> * UN Young Champions of the Earth Regional finalist maka Africa (2019)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://diana-award.org.uk/roll-of-honour-2019/|title=Roll of Honour 2019|work=The Diana Award|language=en-US|accessdate=2020-02-14}}</ref> * International Youth Day 2019 Nkwado site na Duke na Duchess nke Sussex.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.kenyans.co.ke/news/42734-meghan-markle-praises-kenyan-conservationist-liz-wathuti|title=British Royals Praise Kenyan Girl Who's Inspired Them|author=Musyoka|first=Michael|accessdate=2020-02-14}}</ref> * Bloggers Association of Kenya - BAKE Awards (2018) maka blọọgụ gburugburu ebe obibi kacha mma.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bakeawards.co.ke/2018/05/19/here-are-the-bake-awards-2018-winners/|title=Here are the BAKE Awards 2018 winners|author=Wamathai|first=James|date=2018-05-19|work=BAKE Awards|language=en-GB|accessdate=2020-02-14|archivedate=2021-11-17|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211117204230/https://www.bakeawards.co.ke/2018/05/19/here-are-the-bake-awards-2018-winners/}}</ref> == Edensibịa == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * Elizabeth Wathuti {{DEFAULTSORT:Wathuti, Elizabeth}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] rljia5trgbu5h6bfof8s0cgxj4zmuef 0 19251 644345 110692 2026-05-30T21:47:24Z Sayvhior 13464 /* Omume maka ihu igwe */ 644345 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Category:Articles with hCards]] '''Vanessa Nakate''' (amụrụ na 15 Nọvemba 1996) bụ onye na-ahụ maka ikpe ziri ezi na ihu igwe na [[Uganda]].<ref>{{Cite news|author=Urra|first=Susana|url=https://elpais.com/elpais/2019/12/06/inenglish/1575620644_806494.html|title='Greta Thunberg in Madrid: "I hope world leaders grasp the urgency of the climate crisis"|date=6 December 2019|work=El País|accessdate=25 January 2020}}</ref> Nakate tolitere n'isi obodo Uganda, mpaghara Kampala.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|author=Dahir|first=Abdi Latif|date=2021-05-07|title=Erased From a Davos Photo, a Ugandan Climate Activist Is Back in the Picture|work=[[The New York Times]]|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/05/07/world/africa/vanessa-nakate-climate-change-uganda.html|accessdate=7 May 2021}}</ref> Ọ tolitere na Kampala ma ghọọ onye ama ama na Disemba 2018 mgbe ọ malitere ichegbu onwe ya banyere oke okpomọkụ dị elu na mba ya.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Hanson|first=James|date=28 October 2019|title=3 young black climate activists in Africa trying to save the world|url=https://www.greenpeace.org.uk/news/black-history-month-young-climate-activists-in-africa/|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200125085116/https://www.greenpeace.org.uk/news/black-history-month-young-climate-activists-in-africa/|archivedate=25 January 2020|accessdate=25 January 2020|publisher=Greenpeace UK}}</ref> Nakate gụsịrị akwụkwọ na nchịkwa azụmahịa na nzere ahịa na Makerere University Business School.<ref name="Kisakye">{{Cite web|author=Kisakye|first=Frank|url=https://observer.ug/lifestyle/60884-22-year-old-nakate-takes-on-lone-climate-fight|title=22-year-old Nakate takes on lone climate fight|work=[[The Observer (Uganda)|The Observer]]|accessdate=25 January 2020|date=30 May 2019|archivedate=22 September 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190922165915/https://observer.ug/lifestyle/60884-22-year-old-nakate-takes-on-lone-climate-fight}}</ref> == Omume maka ihu igwe == N'ịbụ onye [[Greta Thunberg]] kpaliri ịmalite usoro ihu igwe nke ya na Uganda, Nakate malitere ọgbaghara naanị ya megide enweghị ihe ọ bụla na nsogbu ihu igwe na Jenụwarị 2019.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.buzzfeednews.com/article/lesterfeder/europe-climate-change-protests-teens|title=A Huge Climate Change Movement Led By Teenage Girls Is Sweeping Europe. And It's Coming To The US Next.|author=Feder|first=J. Lester|date=7 February 2019|work=BuzzFeed News|accessdate=25 January 2020|archivedate=19 January 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200119110925/https://www.buzzfeednews.com/article/lesterfeder/europe-climate-change-protests-teens}}</ref> Ruo ọtụtụ ọnwa ọ bụ naanị onye na-eme ngagharị iwe n'èzí ọnụ ụzọ ámá nke Nzukọ Ndị Omeiwu nke Uganda.<ref name="Kisakye" /> N'ikpeazụ, ndị ntorobịa ndị ọzọ malitere ịzaghachi oku ya na mgbasa ozi mmekọrịta maka ndị ọzọ iji nyere aka dọta uche na ọnọdụ nke oké ọhịa mmiri ozuzo nke Congo.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Jenkins|first=Carla|url=https://www.glasgowtimes.co.uk/news/18057540.glasgow-student-follows-greta-thunberg-30-day-climate-crisis-strike/|title=Glasgow student follows Greta Thunberg with 30 day climate crisis strike|work=Glasgow Times|accessdate=25 January 2020|date=25 November 2019|archivedate=25 January 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200125110518/https://www.glasgowtimes.co.uk/news/18057540.glasgow-student-follows-greta-thunberg-30-day-climate-crisis-strike/}}</ref> Nakate guzobere Youth for Future Africa na otu Rise Up Movement nke dị n'Afrịka. N'ọnwa Disemba 2019, Nakate kwuru okwu na nnọkọ COP25 na Spain, ya na ndị na-eto eto na-ahụ maka ihu igwe Greta Thunberg na Alejandro Martínez.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/newsround/50697892|title=Climate change: What's Greta been saying at the COP25 conference in Madrid?|publisher=BBC|accessdate=25 January 2020|date=7 December 2019|archivedate=28 January 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200128145131/https://www.bbc.co.uk/newsround/50697892}}</ref> Na mbido Jenụwarị 2020, ọ sonyeere ihe dị ka ndị ntorobịa 20 ndị ọzọ na-ahụ maka ihu igwe si gburugburu ụwa iji bipụta akwụkwọ ozi nye ndị sonyere na World Economic Forum na Davos, na-akpọ ụlọ ọrụ, ụlọ akụ na gọọmentị ka ha kwụsị ozugbo ịkwado mmanụ ala.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Thunberg|first=Greta|authorlink=Greta Thunberg|url=https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2020/jan/10/greta-thunberg-davos-tycoons-fossil-fuels-dismantle-climate-crisis|title=At Davos we will tell world leaders to abandon the fossil fuel economy|work=The Guardian|accessdate=25 January 2020|date=10 January 2020|archivedate=25 January 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200125045426/https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2020/jan/10/greta-thunberg-davos-tycoons-fossil-fuels-dismantle-climate-crisis}}</ref> Ọ bụ otu n'ime ndị nnọchiteanya mba ụwa ise nke Arctic Basecamp kpọrọ ka ha soro ha mara ụlọikwuu na Davos n'oge World Economic Forum; ndị nnọchite anya ahụ mechara sonye na njem ihu igwe n'ụbọchị ikpeazụ nke Forum ahụ.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Sengupta|first=Somini|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/01/24/world/europe/greta-thunberg-davos-protest.html|title=Greta Thunberg Joins Climate March on Her Last Day in Davos|work=The New York Times|accessdate=25 January 2020|date=24 January 2020}}</ref> N'ọnwa Ọktoba 2020, Nakate kwuru okwu na [[Desmond Tutu]] International Peace Lecture na-agba ndị isi ụwa ume ka ha "na-eteta" ma kweta mgbanwe ihu igwe dị ka nsogbu, na-ejikọta ya na ịda ogbenye, agụụ, ọrịa, esemokwu na ime ihe ike megide ụmụ nwanyị na ụmụ agbọghọ. "Gbanwee ihu igwe bụ ihe egwu na-emetụta akụkụ ọ bụla nke ndụ anyị", ka o kwuru. "Olee otu anyị ga-esi kpochapụ ịda ogbenye n'eleghị nsogbu a anya? Kedụ ka anyị ga-esi nweta agụụ efu ma ọ bụrụ na mgbanwe ihu igwe na-ahapụ ọtụtụ nde mmadụ na-enweghị ihe ọ bụla ha ga-eri? Anyị ga-ahụ ọdachi mgbe ọdachi gasịrị, ihe ịma aka mgbe ihe ịma aka gasịrị, nhụjuanya mgbe ahụhụ gasịrị (...) ma ọ bụrụ na emeghị ihe ọ bụla banyere nke a. " Ọ kpọkwara ndị isi ka ha wepụ ebe ntụsara ahụ ha ma hụ ihe ize ndụ anyị nọ na ya ma mee ihe banyere ya. Nke a bụ ihe gbasara ndụ na ọnwụ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/wake-climate-activist-nakate-challenges-world-leaders-south-africa-vanessa-nakate-climate-change-leaders-world-leaders-b866391.html|title='Wake up': Climate activist Nakate challenges world leaders|work=The Independent|accessdate=15 October 2020|date=7 October 2019|archivedate=17 October 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20201017215457/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/wake-climate-activist-nakate-challenges-world-leaders-south-africa-vanessa-nakate-climate-change-leaders-world-leaders-b866391.html}}</ref> Nakate malitere Green Schools Project, atụmatụ ike na-agbanwe agbanwe, nke na-ezube ịgbanwe ụlọ akwụkwọ na Uganda na ike anyanwụ ma tinye stovu na-ahụ maka gburugburu ebe obibi n'ụlọ akwụkwọ ndị a.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thecleantechnews.com/topstories/the-green-schools-project-vanessa-nakate-is-on-a-mission-to-power-schools-in-uganda-with-solar-energy/|title=The Green Schools Project: Vanessa Nakate is on a mission to power schools in Uganda with solar energy|publisher=CleanTech News|accessdate=15 October 2020|date=12 August 2019|archivedate=18 October 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20201018042049/https://www.thecleantechnews.com/topstories/the-green-schools-project-vanessa-nakate-is-on-a-mission-to-power-schools-in-uganda-with-solar-energy/}}</ref> Ka ọ dị ugbu a, ọrụ ahụ emeela nrụnye na ụlọ akwụkwọ iri atọ. [[Usòrò:Conference_on_Loss_and_Damage_-_52420805060.jpg|thumb|Nzukọ maka Mfu na Mmebi na Scotland Ọktoba 2022. Site n'aka ekpe gaa n'aka nri: Vanessa Nakate, Nicola Sturgeon na [[Elizabeth Wathuti|Elizabeth Wathyti]].]] [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] tvavrsdkzn0oofaea0xruf07f9g3q0q 644347 644345 2026-05-30T21:47:57Z Sayvhior 13464 /* Omume maka ihu igwe */ 644347 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Category:Articles with hCards]] '''Vanessa Nakate''' (amụrụ na 15 Nọvemba 1996) bụ onye na-ahụ maka ikpe ziri ezi na ihu igwe na [[Uganda]].<ref>{{Cite news|author=Urra|first=Susana|url=https://elpais.com/elpais/2019/12/06/inenglish/1575620644_806494.html|title='Greta Thunberg in Madrid: "I hope world leaders grasp the urgency of the climate crisis"|date=6 December 2019|work=El País|accessdate=25 January 2020}}</ref> Nakate tolitere n'isi obodo Uganda, mpaghara Kampala.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|author=Dahir|first=Abdi Latif|date=2021-05-07|title=Erased From a Davos Photo, a Ugandan Climate Activist Is Back in the Picture|work=[[The New York Times]]|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/05/07/world/africa/vanessa-nakate-climate-change-uganda.html|accessdate=7 May 2021}}</ref> Ọ tolitere na Kampala ma ghọọ onye ama ama na Disemba 2018 mgbe ọ malitere ichegbu onwe ya banyere oke okpomọkụ dị elu na mba ya.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Hanson|first=James|date=28 October 2019|title=3 young black climate activists in Africa trying to save the world|url=https://www.greenpeace.org.uk/news/black-history-month-young-climate-activists-in-africa/|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200125085116/https://www.greenpeace.org.uk/news/black-history-month-young-climate-activists-in-africa/|archivedate=25 January 2020|accessdate=25 January 2020|publisher=Greenpeace UK}}</ref> Nakate gụsịrị akwụkwọ na nchịkwa azụmahịa na nzere ahịa na Makerere University Business School.<ref name="Kisakye">{{Cite web|author=Kisakye|first=Frank|url=https://observer.ug/lifestyle/60884-22-year-old-nakate-takes-on-lone-climate-fight|title=22-year-old Nakate takes on lone climate fight|work=[[The Observer (Uganda)|The Observer]]|accessdate=25 January 2020|date=30 May 2019|archivedate=22 September 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190922165915/https://observer.ug/lifestyle/60884-22-year-old-nakate-takes-on-lone-climate-fight}}</ref> == Omume maka ihu igwe == N'ịbụ onye [[Greta Thunberg]] kpaliri ịmalite usoro ihu igwe nke ya na Uganda, Nakate malitere ọgbaghara naanị ya megide enweghị ihe ọ bụla na nsogbu ihu igwe na Jenụwarị 2019.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.buzzfeednews.com/article/lesterfeder/europe-climate-change-protests-teens|title=A Huge Climate Change Movement Led By Teenage Girls Is Sweeping Europe. And It's Coming To The US Next.|author=Feder|first=J. Lester|date=7 February 2019|work=BuzzFeed News|accessdate=25 January 2020|archivedate=19 January 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200119110925/https://www.buzzfeednews.com/article/lesterfeder/europe-climate-change-protests-teens}}</ref> Ruo ọtụtụ ọnwa ọ bụ naanị onye na-eme ngagharị iwe n'èzí ọnụ ụzọ ámá nke Nzukọ Ndị Omeiwu nke Uganda.<ref name="Kisakye" /> N'ikpeazụ, ndị ntorobịa ndị ọzọ malitere ịzaghachi oku ya na mgbasa ozi mmekọrịta maka ndị ọzọ iji nyere aka dọta uche na ọnọdụ nke oké ọhịa mmiri ozuzo nke Congo.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Jenkins|first=Carla|url=https://www.glasgowtimes.co.uk/news/18057540.glasgow-student-follows-greta-thunberg-30-day-climate-crisis-strike/|title=Glasgow student follows Greta Thunberg with 30 day climate crisis strike|work=Glasgow Times|accessdate=25 January 2020|date=25 November 2019|archivedate=25 January 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200125110518/https://www.glasgowtimes.co.uk/news/18057540.glasgow-student-follows-greta-thunberg-30-day-climate-crisis-strike/}}</ref> Nakate guzobere Youth for Future Africa na otu Rise Up Movement nke dị n'Afrịka. N'ọnwa Disemba 2019, Nakate kwuru okwu na nnọkọ COP25 na Spain, ya na ndị na-eto eto na-ahụ maka ihu igwe Greta Thunberg na Alejandro Martínez.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/newsround/50697892|title=Climate change: What's Greta been saying at the COP25 conference in Madrid?|publisher=BBC|accessdate=25 January 2020|date=7 December 2019|archivedate=28 January 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200128145131/https://www.bbc.co.uk/newsround/50697892}}</ref> Na mbido Jenụwarị 2020, ọ sonyeere ihe dị ka ndị ntorobịa 20 ndị ọzọ na-ahụ maka ihu igwe si gburugburu ụwa iji bipụta akwụkwọ ozi nye ndị sonyere na World Economic Forum na Davos, na-akpọ ụlọ ọrụ, ụlọ akụ na gọọmentị ka ha kwụsị ozugbo ịkwado mmanụ ala.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Thunberg|first=Greta|authorlink=Greta Thunberg|url=https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2020/jan/10/greta-thunberg-davos-tycoons-fossil-fuels-dismantle-climate-crisis|title=At Davos we will tell world leaders to abandon the fossil fuel economy|work=The Guardian|accessdate=25 January 2020|date=10 January 2020|archivedate=25 January 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200125045426/https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2020/jan/10/greta-thunberg-davos-tycoons-fossil-fuels-dismantle-climate-crisis}}</ref> Ọ bụ otu n'ime ndị nnọchiteanya mba ụwa ise nke Arctic Basecamp kpọrọ ka ha soro ha mara ụlọikwuu na Davos n'oge World Economic Forum; ndị nnọchite anya ahụ mechara sonye na njem ihu igwe n'ụbọchị ikpeazụ nke Forum ahụ.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Sengupta|first=Somini|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/01/24/world/europe/greta-thunberg-davos-protest.html|title=Greta Thunberg Joins Climate March on Her Last Day in Davos|work=The New York Times|accessdate=25 January 2020|date=24 January 2020}}</ref> N'ọnwa Ọktoba 2020, Nakate kwuru okwu na [[Desmond Tutu]] International Peace Lecture na-agba ndị isi ụwa ume ka ha "na-eteta" ma kweta mgbanwe ihu igwe dị ka nsogbu, na-ejikọta ya na ịda ogbenye, agụụ, ọrịa, esemokwu na ime ihe ike megide ụmụ nwanyị na ụmụ agbọghọ. "Gbanwee ihu igwe bụ ihe egwu na-emetụta akụkụ ọ bụla nke ndụ anyị", ka o kwuru. "Olee otu anyị ga-esi kpochapụ ịda ogbenye n'eleghị nsogbu a anya? Kedụ ka anyị ga-esi nweta agụụ efu ma ọ bụrụ na mgbanwe ihu igwe na-ahapụ ọtụtụ nde mmadụ na-enweghị ihe ọ bụla ha ga-eri? Anyị ga-ahụ ọdachi mgbe ọdachi gasịrị, ihe ịma aka mgbe ihe ịma aka gasịrị, nhụjuanya mgbe ahụhụ gasịrị (...) ma ọ bụrụ na emeghị ihe ọ bụla banyere nke a. " Ọ kpọkwara ndị isi ka ha wepụ ebe ntụsara ahụ ha ma hụ ihe ize ndụ anyị nọ na ya ma mee ihe banyere ya. Nke a bụ ihe gbasara ndụ na ọnwụ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/wake-climate-activist-nakate-challenges-world-leaders-south-africa-vanessa-nakate-climate-change-leaders-world-leaders-b866391.html|title='Wake up': Climate activist Nakate challenges world leaders|work=The Independent|accessdate=15 October 2020|date=7 October 2019|archivedate=17 October 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20201017215457/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/wake-climate-activist-nakate-challenges-world-leaders-south-africa-vanessa-nakate-climate-change-leaders-world-leaders-b866391.html}}</ref> Nakate malitere Green Schools Project, atụmatụ ike na-agbanwe agbanwe, nke na-ezube ịgbanwe ụlọ akwụkwọ na Uganda na ike anyanwụ ma tinye stovu na-ahụ maka gburugburu ebe obibi n'ụlọ akwụkwọ ndị a.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thecleantechnews.com/topstories/the-green-schools-project-vanessa-nakate-is-on-a-mission-to-power-schools-in-uganda-with-solar-energy/|title=The Green Schools Project: Vanessa Nakate is on a mission to power schools in Uganda with solar energy|publisher=CleanTech News|accessdate=15 October 2020|date=12 August 2019|archivedate=18 October 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20201018042049/https://www.thecleantechnews.com/topstories/the-green-schools-project-vanessa-nakate-is-on-a-mission-to-power-schools-in-uganda-with-solar-energy/}}</ref> Ka ọ dị ugbu a, ọrụ ahụ emeela nrụnye na ụlọ akwụkwọ iri atọ. [[Usòrò:Conference_on_Loss_and_Damage_-_52420805060.jpg|thumb|Nzukọ maka Mfu na Mmebi na Scotland Ọktoba 2022. Site n'aka ekpe gaa n'aka nri: Vanessa Nakate, Nicola Sturgeon na [[Elizabeth Wathuti|Elizabeth Wathyti]].]] ==Edensibia== {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 3qz12563m0u0t4k5l83o14tl4ksivvl 0 19428 644171 116667 2026-05-30T18:05:07Z Chigozirim2005 19722 Fixed reference error 644171 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Usòrò:Shitta-Bey_Mosque.jpg|thumb|Shitta-Bey Mosque]] '''Ụlọ okpukperechi alakụba Shitta-Bey''' bụ ụlọ ụka nke ndị alakụba, ebe mmụta okpukpe, bụrụkwa otu n'ime ụlọ alakụba kachasị ochie na Naịjirịa.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Nurudeen|first=Nahimah Ajikanle|title=Shitta Bey Mosque: Visiting a historic masterpiece|url=https://www.dailytrust.com.ng/news/feature/shitta-bey-mosque-visiting-a-historic-masterpiece/116265.html|accessdate=29 January 2018|work=Daily Trust Newspapers|publisher=Daily Trust Newspapers|date=Oct 23, 2015}}</ref> Ụlọ alakụba ahụ dị na Martins Ereko Street, Lagos Island, [[Lagos]], Nigeria. E guzobere ya n'afọ 1892, ndị Ụlọ ọrụ Naijiria n'ahụ maka Ọ́bánka na ihe ndị akpụrụ akpụ (Nigerian Commission for Museums and Monuments) ahọpụtakwa ya dịka ihe ncheta mbụ n'afọ 2013. Ụlọ alakụba a, nke a na-ewere dị ka otu n'ime ihe nketa akụkọ ihe mere eme kachasị mkpa nke Naijiria, ka akpọkwasịrị aha onye guzobere ya bụ onye Naijiria a mụrụ na Sierra Leone, Mohammed Shitta Bey, onye bụ onye aristocrat, onye ọrụ ebere na onye ọchụnta ego.<ref name="DS">{{Cite web|title=Nigeria's Turkish mosque, the trust of Sultan Abdülhamid II|url=https://www.dailysabah.com/religion/2018/10/22/nigerias-turkish-mosque-the-trust-of-sultan-abdulhamid-ii|work=Dailysabah.com|publisher=Daily Sabah|accessdate=20 December 2018}}</ref> == Akụkọ ihe mere eme == Owuwu ụlọ ụka ndị alakụba ahụ bụ Mohammed Shitta Bey, (onye ọchụnta ego na onye ọrụ ebere, onye [[Ndi Yoruba|Yoruba]] nne na nna ya mụrụ na [[Sierra Leone|(Sierra Leone]]) bidoro ya n'afọ 1891. Otu Onye Brazil na-ese ụkpụrụ ụlọ João Baptista da Costa lekọtara owuwu ụlọ ahụ nke e ji tebulu rụọ na-egosi ihe owuwu Afro-Brazilian. Ụlọ ụka Shitta-Bey mepere n'abalị anọ nke ọnwa Julaị afọ 1894, n'ememe nke Gọvanọ Lagos, Sir Gilbert Carter duziri. Ndị ọzọ bịara gụnyere Oba Oyekan I, [[Edward Wilmot Blyden]], Abdullah Quilliam (onye nọchitere anya Sultan Abdul Hamid II nke Alaeze Ukwu Ottoman), na Ndị Kraịst Lagosian a ma ama dị ka James Pinson Labulo Davies, John Otunba Payne, na Richard Beale Blaize yana ndị nnọchi anya mba ọzọ.<ref name="DS" /> Quilliam wetara Sultan nke Turkey akwụkwọ ozi a kwadoro na-arịọ ndị Alakụba Lagos ka ha nabata agụmakwụkwọ ọdịda anyanwụ. [1] Ọ bụ na oge mbido ahụ ka Sultan Abdul Hamid nke Abụọ nyere Mohammed Shitta aha "Bey", Ottoman Order of Medjidie 3rd class (nke kachasị elu maka onye nkịtị). Mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, a maara Mohammed Shitta site na aha mgbagwoju anya Shitta-Bey.<ref name="Singleton">{{Cite web|author=Singleton|first=Brent D.|title=That Ye May Know Each Other: Late Victorian Interactions between British and West African Muslims|url=http://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1016&context=library-publications|work=California State University, San Bernardino CSUSB ScholarWorks|publisher=Library Faculty Publications|accessdate=19 December 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|author=Adam|first=H.L.|title=The Wide World Magazine: An Illustrated Monthly of True Narrative, Adventure, Travel, Customs, and Sport, Volume 17|publisher=G. Newness, 1906|pages=221–227|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TXYeAQAAMAAJ&q=mohammed+shitta+bey&pg=PA225|accessdate=19 December 2016}}</ref> == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} * {{Cite journal|author=Ostien|first=Philip|date=2012-01-01|title=Legal Pluralism in Colonial Lagos: The 1894 Petition of the Lagos Muslims to their British Colonial Masters|url=https://brill.com/view/journals/wdi/52/1/article-p51_3.xml|journal=Die Welt des Islams|language=en|volume=52|issue=1|pages=51–68|doi=10.1163/157006012X627904|issn=1570-0607}} gbkho9asw3h5ehd3h50b2wvvortpiwg 0 19592 644516 96823 2026-05-31T06:05:10Z Geraldine Kene 23189 Fixed reference error 644516 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''''Oldeania alpina''''', achara nke Africa, bụ bamboo na-adịgide adịgide nke ezinụlọ Poaceae na ụdị ''Yushania''<ref name="GRIN" /> Enwere ike ịchọta ya na-eto eto ma ọ bụghị nnukwu ebe na ugwu na ugwu mgbawa gbara East African Rift<ref name="GRIN" /> gburugburu n'etiti ịdị elu nke mita 2,500 (8,200 ụkwụ) na mita 3,300 (11,000 ụkwụ).<ref name="GRIN"><cite class="citation web cs1" id="CITEREFGermplasm_Resources_Information_Network_(GRIN)2004"><span class="cx-segment" data-segmentid="144">[[Germplasm Resources Information Network|Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN)]] (2004-03-17). </span><span class="cx-segment" data-segmentid="146">[https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxonomydetail.aspx?id=444002 "Taxon: ''Yushania alpina''"]. </span><span class="cx-segment" data-segmentid="147">''Taxonomy for Plants''. </span><span class="cx-segment" data-segmentid="148">[[United States Department of Agriculture|USDA]], [[Agricultural Research Service|ARS]], National Genetic Resources Program, National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. </span><span class="cx-segment" data-segmentid="151">[https://web.archive.org/web/20160921071014/https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxonomydetail.aspx?id=444002 Archived] from the original on 2016-09-21<span class="reference-accessdate">. </span></span><span class="cx-segment" data-segmentid="152"><span class="reference-accessdate">Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-08-26</span></span>.</span></cite></ref><ref name="grass">{{Cite web|url=http://www.kew.org/data/grasses-db/www/imp10798.htm|title=RBG Kew: GrassBase – Yushania alpina|accessdate=2008-05-08|author=Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew|authorlink=Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew|work=GrassBase – The Online World Grass Flora|publisher=Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090201105345/http://www.kew.org/data/grasses-db/www/imp10798.htm|archivedate=2009-02-01}}</ref><ref name="Margins" /><ref name="Margins" /><ref name="systbot">{{Cite web|url=http://www.systbot.unizh.ch/datenbanken/rwenzori/Rwenzori_desktop.pdf|title=Common plants of the Rwenzori, particularly the upper zones|accessdate=2008-05-06|author=H. Peter Linder and Berit Gehrke|authorlink=University of Zurich|date=2 March 2006|publisher=Institute for Systematic Botany, [[University of Zurich]]|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080530005602/http://www.systbot.unizh.ch/datenbanken/rwenzori/Rwenzori_desktop.pdf <!-- Bot retrieved archive -->|archivedate=2008-05-30}}</ref> == Nkọwa == ; Ogwe osisi na akwụkwọ osisi : 200 Sentimita 1,950 (6 Sentimita 64) n'ogologo na 5 Sentimita 12.5 (2 Sentimita 5) n'obosara; a na-eji ahịhịa ndị a eme ihe dị ka mgbidi, pọmpụ na ihe owuwu ndị ọzọ.<ref name="grass" /><ref name="Margins">{{Cite book|author=Gerold|first=Gerhard|title=Land Use, Nature Conservation and the Stability of Rainforest Margins in Southeast Asia|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=12SjIUajFmIC|year=2004|publisher=[[Springer Science+Business Media]]|isbn=3-540-00603-6|chapter=Rain Forest Margins and their Dynamics in South-East Ethiopia|chapterurl=https://books.google.com/books?id=12SjIUajFmIC&pg=PA225}}<cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFGeroldMichael_FremereyEdi_Guhardja2004">Gerold, Gerhard; Michael Fremerey; Edi Guhardja (2004). </cite></ref><ref name="FAO"> {{Cite journal|author=International Network for Bamboo and Rattan (INBAR)|title=Country Report on Bamboo Resources Ethiopia|journal=Global Forest Resources Assessment|date=May 2005|url=ftp://ftp.fao.org/docrep/fao/010/ah776e/ah776e00.pdf|accessdate=2008-05-08}}</ref> Culm sheaths (tubular coverings) enweghị ntutu ma ọ bụ na-acha ọbara ọbara.<ref name="grass" /> : A na-ekpuchi mkpuchi akwụkwọ ya na bristles. Akpụkpọ akwụkwọ bụ "deciduous at the ligule"; akpụkpọ akwụkwọ dị sentimita 5 n'ogologo.<ref name="grass" /> ; Okooko osisi : Ìgwè okooko osisi nwere alaka n'otu n'otu, nke nwere ike ịdị arọ ma ọ bụ na-enweghị isi ma dị sentimita 5 15 (26 sentimita) n'ogologo.<ref name="grass" /> ; Mgbọrọgwụ : Ogwe rhizomes dị mkpirikpi akọwapụtara dị ka pachymorph (okwu a na-atụ aro maka ịkọwa rhizomes nke sympodial ma ọ bụ superposed n'ụzọ ga-eṅomi axis dị mfe, mana a gaghị eji okwu pachymorphi akọwa alaka ma ọ bụ n'ihe gbasara achara, culms).<ref name="grass" /><ref name="JABS">{{Cite journal|author=Stapleton|first=Chris|title=Form and Function in the Bamboo Rhizome|journal=Journal of the American Bamboo Society|volume=12|issue=1|year=1998|url=http://bamboo-identification.co.uk/RHIZOME4.pdf|accessdate=2008-05-08}}</ref> == Nkesa == * '''Ógbè Afrotropical''': :* '''Ebe ugwu ọwụwa anyanwụ''' nke Afrika: [[Ethiopia]], [[Sudan]] :* '''Ebe Ọwụwa Anyanwụ Afrika''': [[Kenya]], [[Tanzania]], [[Uganda]] :* '''Ebe Ọdịda Anyanwụ-Ụlọ Okpomọkụ Afrika''': [[Burundi]], [[Kameroon|Cameroon]], Congo, [[Rwanda]], DR [[Republic of the Congo|Congo]] :* '''Ebe Ndịda Afrịka na-ekpo ọkụ''': [[Malawi]], [[Zambia]]<ref name="GRIN"><cite class="citation web cs1" id="CITEREFGermplasm_Resources_Information_Network_(GRIN)2004"><span class="cx-segment" data-segmentid="144">[[Germplasm Resources Information Network|Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN)]] (2004-03-17). </span><span class="cx-segment" data-segmentid="146">[https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxonomydetail.aspx?id=444002 "Taxon: ''Yushania alpina''"]. </span><span class="cx-segment" data-segmentid="147">''Taxonomy for Plants''. </span><span class="cx-segment" data-segmentid="148">[[United States Department of Agriculture|USDA]], [[Agricultural Research Service|ARS]], National Genetic Resources Program, National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. </span><span class="cx-segment" data-segmentid="151">[https://web.archive.org/web/20160921071014/https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxonomydetail.aspx?id=444002 Archived] from the original on 2016-09-21<span class="reference-accessdate">. </span></span><span class="cx-segment" data-segmentid="152"><span class="reference-accessdate">Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-08-26</span></span>.</span></cite></ref> == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}} hobbze2b398c7dty4f20jo6g825yrup 0 19623 644269 96889 2026-05-30T20:11:19Z Sylvaline39 15355 fixed reference error 644269 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''''Vachellia abyssinica''''', '''osisi acacia dị larịị n'elu''', bụ osisi ruru mita 16 n'ogologo. == Nkọwa == Akpụkpọ ya na-acha ọbara ọbara na osisi ndị okenye. N'elu osisi ndị na-eto eto ọ na-acha odo odo, na-apụ n'ime akwụkwọ. Alaka ndị na-eto eto nwere ntutu dị nro. A na-edozi ogwu abụọ abụọ n'usoro na nodes. Akwụkwọ ya dị na pinnae abụọ nke 20-40; akwụkwọ ya dị obere, ruo 4 × 0.75 mm. A na-ahazi okooko osisi ahụ n'isi dị ọcha. ịkpọ oku dị na ọkara ala nke peduncle. Mkpụrụ osisi na-adị n'otu.<ref name="EOL">{{Cite web|url=http://eol.org/pages/647593/|title=Details for: ''Vachellia abyssinica'' (as ''Acacia abyssinica'')|accessdate=2013-07-15|author=Encyclopedia of Life|authorlink=eol.org|publisher=[[Encyclopedia of Life]]}}</ref> == Nkesa == Site na [[Ethiopia|Etiopia]] gaa n'ebe ndịda ruo [[Zimbabwe]] na [[Mozambique]] na n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ ruo [[Angola]].<ref name="POWO_77131675-1">{{Cite web|title=''Vachellia abyssinica'' (Hochst. ex Benth.) Kyal. & Boatwr.|work=Plants of the World Online|publisher=Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew|url=http://www.plantsoftheworldonline.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77131675-1|accessdate=2020-07-04}}</ref><ref name="EOL"/> == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Mkpuru osisi na afrika]] 2184qxq54d710k957n7j6x02o2yjt7p 0 19690 644473 97008 2026-05-31T03:59:12Z Goodymeraj 16207 Fixed reference error 644473 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''''Stapfiella''''' bụ ụdị osisi na-agbasa okooko nke ezinụlọ Passifloraceae.<ref name="POWO">{{Cite web|title=''Stapfiella'' Gilg {{!}} Plants of the World Online {{!}} Kew Science|url=http://www.plantsoftheworldonline.org/taxon/urn%3Alsid%3Aipni.org%3Anames%3A16437-1|work=Plants of the World Online|accessdate=12 March 2021|language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[http://www.plantsoftheworldonline.org/taxon/urn%3Alsid%3Aipni.org%3Anames%3A16437-1 "''Stapfiella'' Gilg | Plants of the World Online | Kew Science"]. ''Plants of the World Online''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 March</span> 2021</span>.</cite></ref> Ọ dịkwa na Ezinụlọ ''Turneroideae''. Ebe a mụrụ ya bụ Afrika; a na-ahụ ya na Burundi, Congo, Rwanda, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia na Zaïre.<ref name="POWO" /> Aha ụdị nke ''Stapfiella'' bụ iji sọpụrụ Otto Stapf (1857<nowiki>[[1933]]</nowiki>), onye Austrian a mụrụ botanist na taxonomist.<ref>{{Cite book|author=Burkhardt|first=Lotte|title=Verzeichnis eponymischer Pflanzennamen – Erweiterte Edition|publisher=Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum, Freie Universität Berlin|year=2018|isbn=978-3-946292-26-5|url=https://doi.org/10.3372/epolist2018|format=pdf|language=German|location=Berlin|doi=10.3372/epolist2018|accessdate=1 January 2021}}</ref> A kọwara ya na mbụ ma bipụta ya na G.W.J. Mildbraed (ed.[Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Erg. [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Zentr-Afr. [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Mpịakọta nke 2 na peeji nke 571 na 1913.<ref name="POWO" /> == Ụdị Ndị A Ma Ama == Dị ka Kew si kwuo;<ref name="POWO" />{{linked species list|Stapfiella claoxyloides|Gilg|Stapfiella lucida|Robyns|Stapfiella muricata|Staner|Stapfiella ulugurica|Mildbr.|Stapfiella usambarica|J.Lewis|Stapfiella zambesiensis|R.Fern.}} == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Mkpuru osisi na afrika]] 3kjaxl11ddp5w2dt3h94nidx1bo47mf 0 19766 644096 309274 2026-05-30T15:50:40Z Neme244 16387 added DEFAULTSORT 644096 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}   [[Usòrò:Emmanuel Adebayor (cropped).jpg|thumb|Emmanuel Adebayor (cropped).jpg]] '''Sheyi Emmanuel Adebayor''' (French pronunciation: ; bụ onye amụrụ na 26 Febụwarị 1984) bụ onye Togolese ọkachamara na-agba bọọlụ nke na-agba ọsọ dị ka [[Footbọl|onye]] na-agbachitere Togolese Championnat National club Semassi . Ọ na-egwuri egwu na klọb ndị England Arsenal, Manchester City, Tottenham Hotspur na Crystal Palace, yana otu French Metz, otu Monégasque [[Monako|Monaco]], otu Spanish Real Madrid, klọb Turkish İstanbul Başakşehir na Kayserispor, na Club Olimpia nke Paraguay. A họpụtara ya dị ka onye n'agba bọọlụ Afrịka nke Afọ n'afọ 2008 mgbe ọ n'agba egwu na Arsenal, n'oge ọrụ ikpeazụ ya, ọ ghọrọ onye a ma ama na bọọlụ Paraguay na onye a na-akwụ ụgwọ kachasị elu n'akụkọ ihe mere eme nke mba ahụ mgbe ọ sonyeere Olimpia Asunción na 2020.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.arsenal.com/news/news-archive/adebayor-named-africa-s-best-player-for-2008|title=Adebayor named Africa's best player for 2008|date=11 February 2009|accessdate=22 April 2009|publisher=Arsenal F.C.}}</ref><ref name="auto">{{Cite web|title=Adebayor: El mejor pagado en la historia del fútbol paraguayo {{!}} Olimpia, Copa Libertadores|url=https://d10.ultimahora.com/adebayor-el-mejor-pagado-la-historia-del-futbol-paraguayo-n2869722.html/amp|accessdate=2020-07-06|work=d10.ultimahora.com|archivedate=2020-03-13|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200313195435/https://d10.ultimahora.com/adebayor-el-mejor-pagado-la-historia-del-futbol-paraguayo-n2869722.html/amp}}</ref> Adebayor nọchitere anya ndị otu mba Togo na 2006 FIFA World Cup na Germany, nke mbụ mba ahụ, na ruo ugbu a, ọ pụtara na World Cup. N'ọnwa Jenụwarị afọ 2010, Adebayor bụ otu n'ime ndị egwuregwu na-etinye aka mgbe bọs ndị otu Togo dara n'okpuru égbè n'ụzọ na-aga 2010 Africa Cup of Nations na Angola, mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị ọ lara ezumike nká n'ọrụ ndị otu mba. N'afọ 2013, ọ laghachiri n'òtù Togo maka 2013 Afrikan Cup of Nations na South Africa, ebe o nyeere ha aka iru eru maka nkeji iri na ise nke ikpeazụ. Ọ bụ onye na-agba goolu kachasị elu na Togo ugbu a na goolu 32.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.goal.com/en-india/match/97162/togo-vs-tunisia/preview|title=Togo vs Tunisia Preview|date=30 January 2013|accessdate=3 June 2013}}</ref> == Ọrụ klọb == === Ọrụ mmalite === Ọ bụ onye amụrụ na Lome nke agbụrụ [[Ndi Yoruba|nne na nna ya bụ Yoruba]], Adebayor nọrọ ọtụtụ oge ntorobịa ya na Togo, ebe ọ gara Centre de Développement Sportif de Lomé (English: Sports Development Centre of Lomé), nke a makwaara dị ka Sporting Club de Lomé.<ref>{{Cite web|publisher=The Observer|title=Big Interview: Emmanuel Adebayor|url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2007/oct/28/newsstory.arsenal1|date=28 October 2007}}</ref> Ndị scout si Metz hụrụ Adebayor ka ọ na-egwuri egwu maka Sporting Club de Lomé, bụ ndị kpọtara ya na [[France]] na 1999. O mere Ligue 1 mbụ ya megide Sochaux na 17 Nọvemba 2001. Mgbe Metz wepụrụ ya, ọ gbara otu oge na Ligue 2, ebe goolu iri na atọ n'egwuregwu league iri atọ na anọ mere ka ọ gaa Monaco n'oge ọkọchị afọ 2003. Ọ gosipụtara ugboro itoolu na Europe ka Monaco ruru na 2004 UEFA Champions League final megide Porto na Gelsenkirchen, nke ọ bụ onye nnọchi anya a na-ejighị mee ihe na ọdịda 3 nke klọb ya.<ref name="uefa">{{Cite web|title=Players {{ndash}} Emmanuel Adebayor: Profile|url=http://www.uefa.com/teamsandplayers/players/player=72538/profile/index.html|work=[[UEFA]]|accessdate=18 May 2009}}</ref> === Arsenal === Na ụbọchị iri na atọ n'ọnwa Jenụwarị, 2006. otu egwuregwu Premier League Arsenal bịanyere Adebayor aka maka £ 3 nde.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Adebayor signs for the Gunners|url=http://www.arsenal.com/news/news-archive/adebayor-signs-for-the-gunners|work=www.arsenal.com|publisher=[[Arsenal F.C.]]|accessdate=10 September 2015|date=13 January 2006|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081201001502/http://www.arsenal.com/news/news-archive/adebayor-signs-for-the-gunners|archivedate=1 December 2008}}</ref> E nyere ya aha njirimara "Baby Kanu" n'ihi ọdịdị ya na onye bụbu onye Arsenal Nwankwo Kanu, onye Adebayor na-efe ofufe mgbe ọ bụ onye ntorobịa.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20070405204051/http://arsenal-mania.com/player/Emmanuel-Adebayor/60/profile.html Arsenal-Mania.com – The Arsenal website for Arsenal fans – Emmanuel Adebayor Profile]. arsenal-mania.com</ref> N'ụbọchị nke anọ n'ọnwa Febụwarị n'afọ 2006, Adebayor mere egwuregwu mbụ ya na Arsenal n'egwuregwu Premier League na Birmingham City wee gbaa bọọlụ mgbe nkeji iri abụọ na otu gachara, Arsenal meriri n'egwú iri abụọ na abụọ.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/premier-league/birmingham-city-0-arsenal-2-diaby-and-adebayor-hint-at-brighter-arsenal-future-465684.html|title=Liverpool 5 Arsenal 2: Diaby and Adebayor hint at brighter Arsenal future|accessdate=22 April 2009|work=The Independent|first=Guy|author=Hodgson|date=6 February 2006}}</ref> Adebayor bụ onye e jikọtara na iko maka ọsọ Arsenal na 2006 UEFA Champions League Final.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/africa/4951688.stm|title=Africa certain of Euro glory|publisher=[[BBC Sport]]|date=16 May 2006|accessdate=23 March 2020}}</ref> Adebayor gbara goolu mmeri Arsenal meriri Manchester United iji nye Arsenal mmeri mbụ na Old Trafford, mmeri mbụ ha na league n'afọ 2006. Na mbido egwuregwu ahụ, e mere ka Adebayor daa n'ime igbe dị mita isii iji nweta Arsenal penalty, nke Gilberto Silva weere ma chekwaa.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_prem/5330078.stm|title=Man Utd 0–1 Arsenal|date=17 September 2006|accessdate=22 April 2009|publisher=BBC Sport|first=John|author=May}}</ref> [[Usòrò:Adebayor_arsenal.jpg|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Adebayor_arsenal.jpg/125px-Adebayor_arsenal.jpg|áká_èkpè|thumb|247x247px|Adebayor na-egwuri egwu maka Arsenal na 2008]] A chụpụrụ Adebayor na 2007 League Cup final nke Arsenal meriri Chelsea na 2-1. E gosipụtara ya kaadị uhie mgbe ọ dara na njedebe nke egwuregwu ahụ nke gụnyere ndị egwuregwu Chelsea na Arsenal. E boro ebubo na ọ kụrụ Frank Lampard aka. FA mechara nye ya mmachibido iwu ọzọ nke otu egwuregwu na ịkwụ ụgwọ nke £ 7,500 maka ịghara ịhapụ egwuregwu ozugbo, yana mmachibido ikpe atọ maka kaadị uhie.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://uk.reuters.com/article/sportsNews/idUKL0946047120070309|title=Adebayor gets extra one match ban|date=9 March 2007|accessdate=22 April 2009}}</ref> Adebayor na Lampard gọnahụrụ ya.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://soccernet.espn.go.com/news/story?id=411620&cc=5901|title=Lampard supports Adebayor denial|date=1 March 2007|accessdate=15 July 2009|publisher=Soccernet}}</ref> N'abalị iri na ise n'ọnwa Septemba n'afọ 2007, goolu abụọ Adebayor gbara megide Tottenham Hotspur nyeere Arsenal aka imeri 3-1 na North [[London]] derby mbụ nke oge ahụ.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_prem/6984884.stm|title=Tottenham 1–3 Arsenal|date=15 September 2007|accessdate=22 April 2009|publisher=BBC Sport|first=Ian|author=Hughes}}</ref> Adebayor wee gbaa hat-trick mbụ ya maka Arsenal na mmeri 5 - 0 n'ụlọ megide Derby County na ụbọchị iri abụọ na abụọ n'ọnwa Septemba; nke a bụ hat-tric nke abụọ a gbara na Arsenal's Emirates Stadium.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.arsenal.com/match-menu/2847114/first-team/arsenal-v-derby?tab=report|title=Arsenal 5–0 Derby|date=22 September 2007|accessdate=22 April 2009|publisher=Arsenal F.C.}}</ref> O tinyere aka n'ihe na-ese okwu na 22 Jenụwarị ebe ya na onye otu ya bụ Nicklas Bendtner sere okwu nkeji asaa site na njedebe nke mmeri ikpeazụ nke 5-11 League Cup na Tottenham. Bendtner yiri ka ọ na-egbupụ imi ya na esemokwu ahụ, nke Adebayor rịọrọ mgbaghara n'echi ya.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/teams/a/arsenal/7204144.stm|title=Arsenal pair escape FA punishment|date=23 January 2008|accessdate=24 January 2008|publisher=BBC Sport}}</ref> Ụbọchị atọ ka e mesịrị, ọ gbara goolu nke 100 na Emirates n'oge mmeri FA Cup nke 3 - 0Newcastle United.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/main.jhtml;jsessionid=FSII1VRDE55HBQFIQMGSFFWAVCBQWIV0?xml=/sport/2008/01/27/sfgars127.xml|title=Arsenal end Newcastle's FA Cup dream|work=The Daily Telegraph|first=Roy|author=Collins|date=27 January 2008|accessdate=27 January 2008}}</ref> Malite na 4 Machị megide Milan, Adebayor gara n'ihu na-agba goolu na Champions League. N'agbanyeghị na ọ nwetụbeghị goolu na asọmpi ahụ, ọ gbara goolu na agba nke abụọ megide Milan na San Siro.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/europe/7272514.stm|title=AC Milan 0–2 Arsenal|date=4 March 2008|accessdate=22 April 2009|publisher=[[BBC Sport]]|first=Phil|author=McNulty}}</ref> N'abalị iri abụọ na asatọ n'ọnwa Eprel, Adebayor gbara goolu nke abụọ ya maka Arsenal mgbe ọ kwụsịrị n'elu bench na ọkara oge na mmeri 6-2 megide Derby County, na-eme ka ọ bụrụ naanị onye ọkpụkpọ n'akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Premier League iji gbaa goolu n'ụlọ na n'èzí megide otu akụkụ ahụ n'otu oge ahụ.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_prem/7356031.stm|title=Derby 2–6 Arsenal|date=28 April 2008|accessdate=22 April 2009|publisher=[[BBC Sport]]|first=Jonathan|author=Stevenson}}</ref> Ọ bụ ezie na Arsenal ji aka efu mechie oge ahụ, a kpọrọ ya aha na PFA Team of the Year.<ref name="Ronaldo named player of the year">{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/7370319.stm|title=Ronaldo named player of the year|date=27 April 2008|accessdate=22 April 2009|publisher=[[BBC Sport]]}}</ref> Goolu nke abụọ Adebayor gbara megide Tottenham meriri asọmpi nke Goal of the Day nke oge maka oge 2007 na08.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/match_of_the_day/7256721.stm|title=Goal of the season|date=5 June 2008|accessdate=22 April 2009|publisher=[[BBC Sport]]}}</ref> E nyekwara ya ihe nrite BBC African Footballer of the Year maka arụmọrụ ya na 2008. N'oge ọkọchị nke afọ 2008, e jikọtara ya na £ 30 nde na Milan na Barcelona, mana o mechara bịanye aka na nkwekọrịta ọhụrụ ogologo oge na Arsenal.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.skysports.com/story/0,19528,12876_3719827,00.html|title=Agent makes Adebayor claim|date=21 June 2008|accessdate=22 April 2009|publisher=[[Sky Sports]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/leagues/premierleague/arsenal/2580182/Emmanuel-Adebayor-signs-new-long-term-Arsenal-contract.html|title=Emmanuel Adebayor signs new 'long-term' Arsenal contract|date=18 August 2008|accessdate=22 April 2009|work=[[The Daily Telegraph]]}}</ref> N'abalị iri na atọ n'ọnwa Septemba n'afọ 2008, Adebayor gbara goolu na mmeri Arsenal meriri Blackburn Rovers, na-agba goolu mbụ ya n'afọ 2008.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_prem/7601879.stm|title=Blackburn 0–4 Arsenal|date=13 September 2008|accessdate=22 April 2009|publisher=[[BBC Sport]]|first=Sam|author=Lyon}}</ref> Adebayor natara kaadị uhie mbụ ya n'oge ahụ na 1 - 1 draw na Liverpool mgbe esemokwu ya na onye na-agbachitere ya Álvaro Arbeloa; nke a bụ mmejọ nke abụọ ya n'egwuregwu ahụ ma ya mere ọ machibidoro otu egwuregwu.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.skysports.com/football/match_report/0,19764,11065_3073790,00.html|title=Honours even at Emirates|date=21 December 2008|accessdate=22 April 2009|publisher=[[Sky Sports]]}}</ref> N'abalị asatọ n'ọnwa Febụwarị, Adebayor merụrụ ahụ n'ọkpụkpụ ụkwụ n'egwuregwu Arsenal na Tottenham. Mmerụ ahụ ga-eme ka ọ ghara ịga ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ọnwa abụọ, n'agbanyeghị atụmatụ mbụ na-atụ aro naanị izu atọ.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/teams/a/arsenal/7877801.stm|title=Adebayor injury blow hits Arsenal|date=8 February 2009|accessdate=22 April 2009|publisher=[[BBC Sport]]}}</ref> O mere ka ọ laghachi n'ọrụ, na-agba bọọlụ mgbe ọ laghachiri na Manchester City.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_prem/7972747.stm|title=Arsenal 2–0 Man City|date=4 April 2009|accessdate=22 April 2009|publisher=[[BBC Sport]]|first=Ian|author=Hughes}}</ref> N'abalị asaa n'ọnwa Eprel afọ 2009, Adebayor gbara goolu Arsenal na nkeji iri na ise nke Champions League megide Villarreal, ebe ọ tụbara bọọlụ ahụ n'aka ya wee gbaa ịnyịnya ígwè.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/europe/7976997.stm|title=Villareal 1–1 Arsenal|date=7 April 2009|accessdate=22 April 2009|publisher=[[BBC Sport]]|first=Jonathan|author=Stevenson}}</ref> N'egwuregwu nloghachi na Emirates otu izu ka e mesịrị, ọ gbara na mmeri Arsenal nke 3-0 neguzobe asọmpi nke ọkara ikpeazụ na Manchester United. Otú ọ dị, Adebayor merụrụ ahụ n'egwuregwu abụọ ikpeazụ nke Premier League ma mechaa oge ahụ dị ka onye nke abụọ kachasị gbaa goolu na Arsenal na asọmpi niile na 16, n'azụ Robin van Persie 20.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/europe/7976998.stm|title=Arsenal 3–0 Villareal|date=15 April 2009|accessdate=22 April 2009|publisher=[[BBC Sport]]|first=Phil|author=Dawkes}}</ref> === Manchester City === [[Usòrò:Adebayor_Man_City.jpg|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Adebayor_Man_City.jpg/150px-Adebayor_Man_City.jpg|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|251x251px|Adebayor na agba Manchester City.]] Adebayor bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta afọ ise na Manchester City maka ego mbufe nke e kwenyere na ọ dị na mpaghara nke £ 25 nde.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.skysports.com/story/0,19528,11095_5440128,00.html|title=City Seal Adebayor Swoop|date=18 July 2009|accessdate=18 July 2009|publisher=[[Sky Sports]]}}</ref> Ọ gbara goolu na nke mbụ ya maka City megide Blackburn site na ịgba bọọlụ site na mita iri na asatọ na nkeji nke atọ.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_prem/8197359.stm|title=Blackburn 0–2 Man City|publisher=[[BBC Sport]]|accessdate=24 August 2009|date=15 August 2009|first=Ian|author=Hughes}}</ref> Na mbido mbụ ya n'ụlọ, Adebayor gbara na nkeji nke iri na asaa na 1 - 0 na Wolverhampton Wanderers, nke onye otu ya na-etinye aka n'oge ọkọchị Carlos Tevez nyere aka.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_prem/8210640.stm|publisher=[[BBC Sport]]|title=Man City 1–0 Wolverhampton|accessdate=24 August 2009|date=22 August 2009|first=Phil|author=McNulty}}</ref> Ọ gbara bọọlụ n'egwuregwu Premier League nke atọ n'usoro, na-eduga onye mmeri na mmeri 1 na Portsmouth.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_prem/8222249.stm|title=Portsmouth 0 – 1 Man City|author=Ian Hughes|publisher=[[BBC Sport]]|date=30 August 2009|accessdate=30 August 2009}}</ref> Adebayor wee gbaa bọọlụ n'egwuregwu nke anọ ya n'usoro, n'oge a megide Arsenal na mmeri 4 - 2 na City of Manchester Stadium. N'ihi ya, ọ bụ otu n'ime naanị ndị egwuregwu isii gbara bọọlụ n'egwuregwu anọ mbụ ha maka otu klọb.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Coyle happy to take a loan|url=http://www.theboltonnews.co.uk/sport/wanderers/wanderersnews/8888933.Coyle_happy_to_take_a_loan/?|work=Bolton News|publisher=Newsquest Media|date=4 March 2011|accessdate=4 March 2011}}</ref> N'egwuregwu ahụ megide Arsenal, onye bụbu onye otu Adebayor bụ Robin van Persie boro ya ebubo na ọ kpachaara anya kụọ ya ụkwụ n'ihu, e mesịkwara machibido ya iwu egwuregwu atọ mgbe a chọpụtara na ikpe mara ya maka omume ime ihe ike.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.arsenal.com/news/news-archive/van-persie-reaction-to-adebayor-incident|title=Van Persie reaction to Adebayor incident|publisher=Arsenal F.C.|date=12 September 2009|accessdate=20 June 2010}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_prem/8258287.stm|title=Adebayor handed three-match ban|publisher=BBC Sport|date=17 September 2009|accessdate=20 June 2010}}</ref> A katọkwara Adebayor maka ịgba ọsọ ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ogologo egwuregwu ahụ niile na ndị na-akwado Arsenal ma na-eme emume ihe mgbaru ọsọ ya n'ihu ha.<ref name="Celebration" /> E debere aha ya maka nke a, mana o mechara rịọ mgbaghara.<ref name="Celebration">{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/teams/m/man_city/8252649.stm|title=Adebayor says sorry for goal celebration|date=12 September 2009|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=12 September 2009}}</ref> Onye njikwa Manchester City bụ Mark Hughes tụrụ aro ka Adebayor mee ya n'ihi na ọ chọrọ ka ndị na-akwado City hụ ya n'anya.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2009/sep/13/emmanuel-adebayor-manchester-city-arsenal|work=The Guardian|title=Greater Manchester police blame Emmanuel Adebayor for crowd trouble|first=Daniel|author=Taylor|date=13 September 2009|accessdate=2 May 2010}}</ref> Ọzọkwa, onye bụbu onye na-agbachitere etiti Cameroon nke Arsenal bụ Alex Song, onye bụ otu n'ime ezigbo ndị enyi Adebayor na bọọlụ, kwuru na Adebayor kụrụ ya aka n'ihu n'oge mmeri City 4-2 ebe Cesc Fàbregas, onye bụ onye bụbu onyeisi Arsenal, chere na Adebayur nwara ịpị ya aka.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2009/sep/14/emmanual-adebayor-robin-van-persie-manchester-city-arsenal|title=Robin van Persie voices Arsenal distaste at Emmanuel Adebayor's antics|first=David|author=Hytner|date=13 September 2009|work=The Guardian}}</ref> Maka mmalite nke oge 2010 - 11, e nyere Adebayor uwe elu nke nọmba itoolu kama nke nọmba Iri Abụọ na ise ọ hụrụ n'anya, nke o yibu na Arsenal na City. Ọ gbara hat-trick mbụ ya maka City ụbọchị iri abụọ na otu n'ọnwa 21 Ọktoba na egwuregwu UEFA Europa League megide Lech Poznań.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.uefa.com/uefaeuropaleague/matches/season=2011/round=2000128/match=2002961/index.html|publisher=UEFA|title=Manchester City 3 – 1 Lech|date=21 October 2010|accessdate=21 October 2010}}</ref> N'ime nke a, ọ ghọrọ onye ọkpụkpọ Manchester City mbụ nyere hat-trick na asọmpi Europe. Otú ọ dị, n'oge afọ 2010- - 11, Adebayor dara n'usoro kachasị elu na Manchester City mgbe klọb ahụ zụrụ Edin Džeko, ebe a họpụtara Carlos Tevez na Mario Balotelli n'ihu ya. N'ọnwa Ọgọstụ afọ 2011, Roberto Mancini kwupụtara na Adebayor, tinyere Craig Bellamy, abụghịzi akụkụ nke atụmatụ ya ma nwee ike ịhapụ Manchester City. ==== Ịgbazinye Real Madrid ==== [[Usòrò:Adebayor.jpg|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Adebayor.jpg/200px-Adebayor.jpg|thumb|219x219px|Adebayor na Real Madrid]] Na 25 Jenụwarị, 2011. Adebayor bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta mgbazinye ego iji gwuo egwu maka Real Madrid maka oge fọdụrụ na 2010 - 11.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://uk.eurosport.yahoo.com/25012011/58/la-liga-adebayor-joins-real-madrid-loan.html|title=La Liga – Adebayor joins Real Madrid on loan|publisher=Yahoo! Sports|date=25 January 2011|accessdate=25 January 2011}}</ref> Adebayor gbara goolu mbụ ya maka Real Madrid na akụkụ nke abụọ nke Copa del Rey semi-final megide Sevilla na Santiago Bernabéu Stadium.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://newsrss.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/africa/9386083.stm|title=Adebayor savours first Real goal|publisher=[[BBC Sport]]|date=3 February 2011|accessdate=5 February 2011}}</ref> Egwuregwu ahụ kwụsịrị na 2-0 na ngụkọta nke 3-0. Na ngwụsị izu na-esote, ọ gbara goolu mbụ ya na La Liga megide Real Sociedad, ọzọ na Santiago Bernabéu. Egwuregwu ahụ kwụsịrị n'afọ 4-1 ma Adebayor gbara goolu ikpeazụ n'ime nkeji atọ ikpeazụ nke egwuregwu ahụ. N'abalị isii n'ọnwa Machị n'afọ 2011, Adebayor gbara goolu mmeghe na nkeji nke iri abụọ na anọ megide Racing de Santander site na Mesut Özil. Real Madrid meriri egwuregwu ahụ n'ụzọ atọ 3-1. A katọrọ Adebayor nke ukwuu maka arụmọrụ ya megide Sporting de Gijón, ọkachasị maka enweghị ọtụtụ ohere; egwuregwu ahụ kwụsịrị Anundsson 0-1 na Sporting. Adebayor gbakwunyere goolu abụọ na European tally ya maka Madrid site na goolu megide Tottenham Hotspur na mmeri 4 - 0 na ụbọchị ise nke ọnwa Eprel 2011. O meriri ihe nrite mmeri mbụ ya na Real Madrid na ụbọchị iri abụọ Eprel, na-abịa dị ka onye na-anọchi anya ọkara nke abụọ na mmeri ya meriri Barcelona na 2011 Copa del Rey final.<ref name="copa11">{{Cite web|title=Copa S.M. El Rey – Barcelona 0–1 Real Madrid|url=http://actas.rfef.es/actas/RFEF_CmpPartido?cod_primaria=1000144&CodActa=14022|work=acras.ref.es|accessdate=7 December 2015|archivedate=5 December 2012|archiveurl=https://archive.is/20121205033525/http://actas.rfef.es/actas/RFEF_CmpPartido?cod_primaria=1000144&CodActa=14022}}</ref> Adebayor gbara hat-trick mbụ ya maka Real Madrid na ụbọchị iri abụọ na otu Mee 2011, na agba ikpeazụ nke oge La Liga nke 2010 - 11, megide Almería. N'egwuregwu ahụ, Real Madrid meriri Almería 8-1.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.fifa.com/worldfootball/clubfootball/news/newsid=1438877.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110525215418/http://www.fifa.com/worldfootball/clubfootball/news/newsid=1438877.html|archivedate=25 May 2011|title=Ronaldo: I owe record to my team-mates|publisher=[[FIFA]]|date=22 May 2011|accessdate=23 May 2011}}</ref> Adebayor laghachiri Manchester City mgbe oge Spanish gwụchara, mana ewepụrụ ya na njem ha na United States na ụbọchị iri na otu n'ọnwa Julaị 2011 ma mesịa tinye ya n'ihe ize ndụ £ 300,000 maka ịjụ ọzụzụ na ndị otu ndị ntorobịa na ndị otu klọb ahụ.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Stewart|first=Rob|title=Manchester City outcast Emmanuel Adebayor facing hefty fine after failing to show up for training|url=https://www.goal.com/en-gb/news/2896/premier-league/2011/07/12/2571126/manchester-city-outcast-emmanuel-adebayor-facing-hefty-fine|work=goal.com|accessdate=26 August 2020|date=12 July 2011}}</ref> === Tottenham Hotspur === N'abalị iri abụọ na ise n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ n'afọ 2011, Tottenham Hotspur bịanyere Adebayor aka na mgbazinye oge.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.tottenhamhotspur.com/news/articles/adebayor-completes-loan-switch-250811.html|title=Adebayor completes loan switch|publisher=Tottenham Hotspur F.C.|date=25 August 2011|accessdate=25 August 2011}}</ref> Na ụbọchị iri nke ọnwa Septemba 2011, Adebayor gbara bọọlụ na nke mbụ ya megide Wolverhampton Wanderers na nkeji nke iri isii na asaa.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2011/sep/10/wolverhampton-wanderers-tottenham-hotspur-premier-league|title=Emmanuel Adebayor scores on his debut to get Tottenham off the mark|work=The Guardian|first=Richard|author=Rae|date=10 September 2011|accessdate=10 September 2011}}</ref> N'abalị iri na asatọ n'ọnwa Septemba n'afọ 2011, ọ gbara bọọlụ ugboro abụọ n'ụlọ mbụ ya na mmeri 4 na Liverpool, nke abụọ ọ gbara bụ goolu 100 nke egwuregwu ya.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Wilkinson|first=Kerry|title=Tottenham 4-0 Liverpool|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/eng_prem/14869938.stm|accessdate=26 August 2020|work=BBC Sport|date=18 September 2011}}</ref> Adebayor nyekwara aka maka goolu 2-1 Rafael van der Vaart na mmeri ha meriri Arsenal na 2 Ọktoba.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Gunners press self-destruct|url=http://www.skysports.com/football/match_report/0,,11065_3422897,00.html|date=2 October 2011|accessdate=21 November 2011|publisher=Sky Sports|first=Peter|author=Fraser}}</ref> Ọ gbara goolu nke anọ na nke ise ya maka Tottenham na mmeri ha meriri Aston Villa na 21 Nọvemba, nke mbụ site na ịgba ọsọ n'elu na nke abụọ mgbe onye na-agbachitere Villa James Collins mehiere.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Tottenham 2 – 0 Aston Villa|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_prem/15716030.stm|date=21 November 2011|accessdate=21 November 2011|publisher=BBC Sport|first=Arindam|author=Rej}}</ref> Ọ gbara goolu abụọ ọzọ na mmeri Tottenham meriri West Bromwich Albion.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2011/nov/26/west-brom-spurs-premier-league?newsfeed=true|title=West Bromwich Albion 1–3 Tottenham Hotspur|work=The Guardian|date=26 November 2011|accessdate=27 November 2011|first=Paul|author=Doyle}}</ref> Ka oge na-aga, Adebayor gara n'ihu na-agba goolu abụọ ọzọ, otu n'ime penalty na Stoke City, na otu n'egwuregwu derby megide Chelsea ebe akara ahụ kwụsịrị 1 . N'abalị iri na otu n'ọnwa Febụwarị n'afọ 2012, Adebayor gbara bọọlụ ma nye aka anọ na mmeri 5-1 Newcastle United.<ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/16884811 BBC Sport – Tottenham 5–0 Newcastle]. </ref> N'abalị iri abụọ na isii n'ọnwa Febụwarị, ụbọchị ọmụmụ ya nke iri abụọ na asatọ, Adebayor gbanwere penalty megide Arsenal iji mee ka Spurs 2-0 gaa na Emirates nke mechara na mmeri 5-2 maka Tottenham.<ref>McNulty, Phil. (26 February 2012) [https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/17093405 BBC Sport – Arsenal 5–2 Tottenham]. </ref> N'ụbọchị mbụ n'ọnwa Eprel, Adebayor gbara goolu abụọ na mmeri 3 - 1 ha meriri Swansea City.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Tottenham 3 – 1 Swansea|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/17503279|date=26 February 2012|accessdate=26 February 2012|publisher=BBC Sport}}</ref> N'abalị iri na ise n'ọnwa Eprel n'afọ 2012, Adebayor nyere Gareth Bale aka na naanị ihe mgbaru ọsọ Tottenham gbara na mmeri Chelsea na nkeji iri ise nke FA Cup.<ref>McNulty, Phil. (15 April 2012) [https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/17649443 BBC Sport – Tottenham 1–5 Chelsea]. </ref> Adebayor wee gaa n'ihu na-agba goolu n'egwuregwu azụ na azụ maka Tottenham, na-agba abụọ megide Bolton Wanderers na mmeri 4-1 na Reebok Stadium<ref>Magowan, Alistair. (2 May 2012) [https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/17836014 BBC Sport – Bolton 1–4 Tottenham]. </ref> ma na-agbanwe penalty megide Aston Villa na 1-1 draw.<ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/17885326 BBC Sport – Aston Villa 1–1 Tottenham]. </ref> N'egwuregwu ikpeazụ nke ịgbazinye ego ya na Tottenham, Adebayor meghere akara ahụ ka Spurs meriri ndị na-asọmpi London Fulham 2-0 na ụbọchị iri na atọ Mee iji nweta ọnọdụ nke anọ na Premier League.<ref>[https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/competitions/premier-league/9257026/Tottenham-Hotspur-2-Fulham-0-match-report.html Tottenham Hotspur 2 Fulham 0: match report]. </ref><ref>[https://www.theguardian.com/football/2012/may/13/tottenham-hotspur-fulham-premier-league Tottenham Hotspur 2–0 Fulham | Premier League match report | Football]. </ref> Adebayor mechiri oge ahụ dị ka onye kacha gbaa goolu na Tottenham, na goolu iri na asatọ, iri na asaa na Premier League. N'abalị iri abụọ na otu n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ n'afọ 2012, Adebayor bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta na-adịgide adịgide na Tottenham na nkwekọ ruru £ nde ịse mgbe ogologo oge nke mkparịta ụka gasịrị.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Ade Returns|url=http://www.tottenhamhotspur.com/spurs/News/ade-returns-21082012.page|publisher=tottenhamhotspur.com|accessdate=21 August 2012}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=Tottenham Hotspur|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/teams/tottenham-hotspur/9490747/Tottenham-confirm-signing-of-Emmanuel-Adebayor-from-Manchester-City-for-5m.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120821185418/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/teams/tottenham-hotspur/9490747/Tottenham-confirm-signing-of-Emmanuel-Adebayor-from-Manchester-City-for-5m.html|archivedate=21 August 2012|title=Tottenham confirm signing of Emmanuel Adebayor from Manchester City in deal worth £5m|work=The Daily Telegraph|date=31 May 2011|accessdate=21 August 2012}}</ref> [[Usòrò:Emmanuel_Adebayor_2014.jpg|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Emmanuel_Adebayor_2014.jpg/170px-Emmanuel_Adebayor_2014.jpg|thumb|Adebayor na-arụ ọrụ maka Tottenham Hotspur na Nọvemba 2014]] N'abalị iri na- asaa n'ọnwa Nọvemba n'afọ 2012, Adebayor gbara goolu mbụ maka Tottenham n'egwuregwu derby nke North London megide Arsenal iji mee ka ha nwee 1-0 posi, mana nkeji asaa ka nke ahụ gasịrị, ihe ịma aka ya na Santi Cazorla mere ka onye ọka ikpe Howard Webb chụpụ ya. Arsenal gara n'ihu merie egwuregwu ahụ 5-2.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Arsenal 5–2 Tottenham|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/20278355|publisher=BBC Sport|date=17 November 2012}}</ref> N'ụbọchị mbụ n'ọnwa Jenụwarị n'afọ 2013, Adebayor gbara goolu mbụ ya n'ụlọ n'oge ahụ maka Spurs megide Reading, site na isi site na Aaron Lennon cross. Spurs mechara merie 3-1. N'abalị iri na anọ n'ọnwa Machị n'afọ 2013, Adebayor gbara goolu dị mkpa nke mere ka Spurs banye na nkeji iri na ise nke Europa League na mmeri zuru ezu megide Internazionale.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/21696151|title=Inter Milan 4–1 Tottenham (agg 4–4)|date=14 March 2013|publisher=BBC Sport}}</ref> Ọ gara n'ihu na-agbapụ n'elu mmanya ahụ mgbe ọ na-agba ọsọ na penalty siri ike na agba na-esote megide Basel, nke mechara mee ka Spurs wepụ ya na asọmpi ahụ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/22023547|title=FC Basel 2–2 Tottenham (agg 4–4)|date=11 April 2013|publisher=BBC Sport}}</ref> Ọ gbara goolu na 8 Mee megide Chelsea na 2 na-agba bọọlụ site n'èzí igbe penalty iji mee ka egwuregwu ahụ ruo 1 - 1.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/22363107|title=Chelsea 2–2 Tottenham|date=8 May 2013|publisher=BBC Sport}}</ref> Mgbe ahụ, ọ gbara goolu mmeri na Sunday na-esote (12 Mee 2013) iji nye Tottenham mmeri 2-1 na Stoke City na cross site na Clint Dempsey na nkeji nke 83.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/22417723|title=Stoke 1–2 Tottenham|date=12 May 2013|publisher=BBC Sport}}</ref> Mgbe a chụpụrụ onye njikwa Spurs bụ André Villas-Boas, onye gwara onye na-agba ọsọ ka ya na ndị otu ndị ntorobịa ahụ zụọ na mbido oge 2013 na 14, Adebayor laghachiri na ndị otu Tottenham n'okpuru Tim Sherwood, na-agba goolu na mmeri nke abụọ2-1 na nkeji iri na ise nke ikpeazụ nke League Cup n'ụlọ na West Ham United.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/teams/tottenham-hotspur/10524275/Emmanuel-Adebayor-brought-in-from-cold-by-Tottenham-for-Capital-One-Cup-clash-with-West-Ham.html|title=Emmanuel Adebayor brought in from cold by Tottenham for Capital One Cup clash with West Ham|date=17 December 2013|work=The Telegraph}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/0/football/25328568|title=Tottenham 1 2 West Ham|date=18 December 2013|work=BBC}}</ref> Ọ gara n'ihu gbaa goolu asatọ n'egwuregwu iri ọzọ nke Premier League, na goolu na mmeri megide Southampton, Manchester United na Swansea City, Everton na Newcastle United.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2014/jan/19/swansea-city-tottenham-hotspur-premier-league-match-report|title=Tottenham Hotspur's Emmanuel Adebayor stars in win at Swansea City|date=19 January 2014|work=The Guardian}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/0/football/26004450|title=Tottenham 1 0 Everton|date=9 February 2014|work=BBC}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/0/football/26043687|title=Newcastle 4 0 Tottenham|date=13 February 2014|work=BBC}}</ref> N'abalị asaa n'ọnwa Eprel afọ 2014, Adebayor ruru goolu iri maka oge Premier League, na-agba goolu ugboro abụọ na mmeri 5-1Sunderland n'ụlọ.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/0/football/26814762|title=Tottenham 5–1 Sunderland|date=7 April 2014|work=BBC}}</ref> Ọ gwụchara oge ahụ dị ka onye kacha gbaa goolu na Spurs na goolu iri na- anọ site na egwuregwu iri abụọ na ise mgbe ọ gbasịrị goolu na egwuregwu ikpeazụ ha na Premier League na na ụbọchị iri na otu n'ọnwa Mee 2014, mmeri 3 - 0 nke Aston Villa na White Hart Lane.<ref name="Hotspur">{{Cite news|url=http://www.tottenhamhotspur.com/first-team-profiles/emmanuel-adebayor/|title=Emmanuel Adeboayor|accessdate=14 May 2014|work=Tottenham Hotspur Football Club}}</ref> A tọhapụrụ ya na nkwekọrịta Tottenham ya site na nkwekọ ha abụọ na ụbọchị iri na atọ n'ọnwa Septemba 2015.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/34237362|title=Emmanuel Adebayor: Tottenham release striker by mutual consent|publisher=BBC Sport|accessdate=13 September 2015}}</ref> === Crystal Palace === Na 26 Jenụwarị, 2016. Adebayor sonyeere Crystal Palace nke Premier League na nkwekọrịta ọnwa isii ruo na ngwụcha oge.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Adebayor Joins The Eagles|url=https://www.cpfc.co.uk/news/2016/january/adebayor-joins-the-eagles/|work=cpfc.co.uk|date=26 January 2016|accessdate=26 January 2016}}</ref> Ọ gbara naanị goolu ọ gbara maka klọb ahụ na ụbọchị iri na atọ n'ọnwa Febụwarị na mmeri ikpeazụ nke Watford na Premier League.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Muro|first=Giuseppe (13 February 2016)|url=https://www.standard.co.uk/sport/football/crystal-palace-1-watford-2-adebayor-goal-not-enough-as-deeney-double-seals-away-win-a3179681.html|title=Crystal Palace 1 Watford 2: Adebayor goal not enough as Deeney double seals away win|work=Evening Standard|accessdate=17 July 2016}}</ref> Na ụbọchị iri na atọ n'ọnwa June 2016, e gosipụtara na a ga-ahapụ Adebayor mgbe nkwekọrịta obí ya gwụrụ na 30 June.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Six Players Released By Crystal Palace|url=https://www.cpfc.co.uk/news/2016/june/six-players-released-by-crystal-palace/|work=cpfc.co.uk|date=13 June 2016|accessdate=20 June 2016}}</ref> === İstanbul Başakşehir === Na ụbọchị iri atọ na otu n'ọnwa Jenụwarị 2017, Adebayor bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta na Süper Lig club İstanbul Başakşehir ruo June 2018.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Adebayor, Başakşehir'e transfer oldu|url=http://www.sporx.com/adebayor-basaksehire-transfer-oldu-SXHBQ601808SXQ|work=sporx.com|date=31 January 2017|accessdate=31 January 2017}}</ref> Ọ gbara goolu isii n'egwuregwu league iri na otu n'ime oge fọdụrụnụ, gụnyere hat-trick na ụbọchị iri nke ọnwa Eprel na mmeri 4-0 n'ụlọ Galatasaray, ka ndị otu ya mechara bụrụ ndị nke abụọ.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Adebayor hat-trick severely dents Galatasaray's Super Lig title hopes|url=https://www.fourfourtwo.com/news/adebayor-hat-trick-severely-dents-galatasarays-super-lig-title-hopes|accessdate=21 December 2017|work=FourFourTwo|date=10 April 2017}}</ref> Ọ gbakwunyere ihe mgbaru ọsọ ọzọ site na egwuregwu ise nke Turkish Cup, ebe ndị otu ya bụ ndị nke abụọ ọzọ. Adebayor gbara hat-trick ọzọ megide Galatasaray na ụbọchị iri na itoolu n'onwa Nọvemba 2017, na mmeri 5 na Başakşehir Fatih Terim Stadium.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Istanbul Basaksehir 5–1 Galatasaray|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/42041768|accessdate=21 December 2017|publisher=BBC Sport|date=18 November 2017}}</ref> Na ụbọchị iri abụọ n'ọnwa June 2019, Adebayor hapụrụ İstanbul Başakşehir.<ref>{{Cite news|first=Erkan|author=Tiryaki|title=Medipol Başakşehir Adebayor ile yollarını ayırdı|url=https://www.aa.com.tr/tr/futbol/medipol-basaksehir-adebayor-ile-yollarini-ayirdi/1511296|date=20 June 2019|accessdate=13 August 2019|language=tr}}</ref> === Kayserispor === N'abalị iri abụọ na-isii n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ n'afọ 2019, Adebayor sonyeere otu egwuregwu Turkish Süper Lig bụ Kayserispor na nkwekọrịta otu afọ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://kayserispor.org.tr/emmanuel-adebayor-kayserisporumuzda/|title=Emmanuel Adebayor Kayserisporumuzda|date=26 August 2019|accessdate=14 September 2022|archivedate=26 August 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190826165428/http://kayserispor.org.tr/emmanuel-adebayor-kayserisporumuzda/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/49482000|title=Togo's Emmanuel Adebayor moves to Turkey's Kayserispor|date=27 August 2019|publisher=BBC Sport|accessdate=27 August 2019|first=Oluwashina|author=Okeleji}}</ref> Ọ hapụrụ klọb ahụ na Disemba 2019.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/50662571|title=Emmanuel Adebayor: Togo striker pondering future as he leaves Kayserispor|date=4 December 2019}}</ref> === Olimpia === Adebayor sonyeere otú egwuregwu Olimpia Asunción nke Paraguay Primera División na ụbọchị iri na otu n'ọnwa Febụwarị 2020, na nnyefe n'efu site na Kayserispor.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.goal.com/en-qa/news/adebayor-olimpia-move-paraguayan-membership-goal/xjrimpu0xpet1qjia0gnus84w|title=Adebayor completes Olimpia move after Paraguayan side reach membership goal|date=11 February 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://el.soccerway.com/players/emmanuel-adebayor/598/|title=Togo - E. Adebayor - Perfil con noticias, estadísticas de carrera e historia - Soccerway|work=el.soccerway.com}}</ref> Mgbe ọ rutere Paraguay na ụbọchị iri na anọ n'ọnwa Febụwarị, otu ìgwè mmadụ zutere Adebayor na Silvio Pettirossi International Airport. Ọ bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta mgbe nyocha ahụike gara nke ọma ma gosipụta ya na Estadio Manuel Ferreira.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.tigosports.com.py/futbol/olimpia-emmanuel-adebayor-paso-las-pruebas-medicas|title=Adebayor pasó las pruebas médicas|work=Tigo Sports}}</ref> E kenyere ya uwe elu nke nọmba 25.<ref>m.d10.ultimahora.com/el-numero-que-utilizara-emmanuel-adebayor-olimpia-n2870051.html/amp</ref> Adebayor zutere na Olimpia na onye bụbu onye otu Manchester City Roque Santa Cruz, onye laghachiri na klọb ahụ na 2016. Adebayor kwuru na ọ bụ mmetụta nke Santa Cruz mere ka o kwenye isonyere Olimpia.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.hoy.com.py/deportes/influyo-roque-en-la-decision-de-venir-a-paraguay|title=HOY / Influyó Roque en la decisión de venir a Paraguay|work=www.hoy.com.py}}</ref> N'abalị iri abụọ na atọ n'ọnwa Febụwarị, Adebayor mere nke mbụ ya maka Olimpia na Superclásico nke Paraguay megide Cerro Porteño na 1-1 zọpụtara n'ụlọ, na-abịa mgbe ọkara oge gasịrị n'ọnọdụ Santa Cruz.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2020/02/23/paraguay/division-profesional/club-olimpia/cerro-porteno/3196960/|title=Olimpia vs. Cerro Porteño - 23 February 2020 - Soccerway|work=int.soccerway.com}}</ref> N'ụbọchị nke ise n'ọnwa Machị, Adebayor pụtara nke mbụ ya na Copa Libertadores nke afọ 2020 n'egwuregwu 1-1 na otu egwuregwu nke Ecuador bụ Delfin, na-anọchi Santa Cruz na nkeji nke iri asatọ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2020/03/05/south-america/copa-libertadores/delfin-sc/club-olimpia/3194903/|title=Delfin vs. Olimpia - 5 March 2020 - Soccerway|work=int.soccerway.com}}</ref> N'abalị itoolu n'ọnwa Machị afọ 2020, O mere egwuregwu nke abụọ na nke ikpeazụ ya na River Plate Asunción n'egwuregwu n'ụlọ, na-egwu nkeji iri itoolu zuru ezu na Olimpia's Estadio Manuel Ferreira.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2020/03/09/paraguay/division-profesional/club-olimpia/club-river-plate/3196991/|title=Olimpia vs. River Plate - 9 March 2020 - Soccerway|work=int.soccerway.com}}</ref> Ụbọchị atọ ka e mesịrị, Adebayor gbara bọọlụ na Copa Libertadores megide klọb Argentine Defensa y Justicia . Na nkeji nke iri asaa na atọ nke egwuregwu ahụ, Adebayor natara kaadị uhie maka ịgba Enzo Coacci bọọlụ na-efe efe mgbe ọ na-agba bọọlụ ikuku, na-awụli elu maka bọọlụ ahụ na ụkwụ aka nri ya n'ihu nke metụtara ihu onye iro ahụ. Nkea, ọ bụ ngosipụta ikpeazụ Adebayor maka klọb ahụ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2020/03/12/south-america/copa-libertadores/club-olimpia/csd-defensa-y-justicia/3194905/|title=Olimpia vs. Defensa y Justicia - 12 March 2020 - Soccerway|work=int.soccerway.com}}</ref> N'otu ọnwa ahụ, Adebayor gara [[Togo]] ka ya na ezinụlọ ya nọrọ na nnọpụiche n'etiti ọrịa COVID-19.<ref name="auto1">{{Cite web|url=https://www.abc.com.py/deportes/futbol/olimpia/2020/06/22/trovato-y-el-retorno-de-adebayor-no-hay-vuelos/|title=Marco Trovato y el retorno de Adebayor: "no hay vuelos" - Olimpia - ABC Color|work=www.abc.com.py}}</ref> N'ọnwa Eprel, Adebayor kwuru n'oge post Facebook na ọ ga-alaghachi Paraguay n'ime izu abụọ ọzọ.<ref>{{Cite web|title=A Adebayor le preguntaron cuándo volverá a Paraguay y esto respondió|url=https://d10.ultimahora.com/adebayor-dice-que-volvera-paraguay-dos-semanas-n2881627.html|accessdate=2020-12-04|work=d10.ultimahora.com|language=es}}</ref> Na mbido Julaị, a mara ọkwa na Adebayor, onye e nyere nkwekọrịta ruo n'ọnwa Disemba, agaghị alaghachi na klọb ahụ, site na nkwekọrịta abụọ, n'ihi nnukwu ihe ize ndụ nke nje na-efe efe n'oge njem nakwa na ụgbọ elu na nkwụsịtụ dị mgbagwoju anya.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.tudn.com/futbol/150-mil-dolares-separan-a-adebayor-de-reportar-con-olimpia|title=150 mil dólares separan a Adebayor de reportar con Olimpia|work=Univision}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.abc.com.py/deportes/futbol/olimpia/2020/07/01/te-voy-a-extranar-el-adios-de-emmanuel-adebayor/|title="Te voy a extrañar", el adiós de Emmanuel Adebayor - Olimpia - ABC Color|work=www.abc.com.py}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.elcolombiano.com/deportes/futbol/el-olimpia-rescinde-el-contrato-con-adebayor-que-sigue-varado-en-togo-GE13244354|title=Olimpia rescindió el contrato de su fichaje estrella: Emmanuel Adebayor|date=30 June 2020|work=www.elcolombiano.com}}</ref> N'otu ọnwa ahụ, Adebayor kwuru na ọ chọrọ ịlaghachi Olimpia n'oge ụfọdụ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.goal.com/es-mx/noticias/santa-cruz-adebayor-quiere-volver-al-club-en-algun-momento/1sctoxt4jhvlc1sbdaoai43dd4|title="Adebayor quiere volver en algún momento" &#124; Goal.com|work=www.goal.com}}</ref> Adebayor gbara Olimpia egwuregwu anọ site na Febụwarị ruo Machị.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://versus.lanacion.com.py/versus/2020/06/30/cuatro-partidos-217-minutos-y-una-expulsion-el-paso-de-adebayor-por-olimpia/|title=Cuatro partidos, 217 minutos y una expulsión: el paso de Adebayor por Olimpia|date=30 June 2020}}</ref> === Semassi === Mgbe ọ gachara Olimpia, Adebayor bịanyere aka na klọb Togolese Championnat National Semassi na July 2021.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://sport.tiscali.it/calcio/articoli/emmanuel-adebayor-richiesta-500mila-dollari/|title=Gioca 4 partite e chiede 510mila dollari: la fine ingloriosa di Adebayor|work=Tiscali Sport|date=23 February 2022|accessdate=24 June 2022|language=it|archivedate=23 February 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220223194212/https://sport.tiscali.it/calcio/articoli/emmanuel-adebayor-richiesta-500mila-dollari/}}</ref> == Ọrụ mba ụwa == [[Usòrò:Emmanuel_Adebayor1.jpg|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Emmanuel_Adebayor1.jpg/170px-Emmanuel_Adebayor1.jpg|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|Adebayor na-egwuri egwu maka Togo na Mee 2006]] Adebayor ruru eru igwu egwu maka [[Nigeria national football team|Naijiria]] mana ọ họọrọ ịnọchite anya mba a mụrụ ya, Togo.<ref>''The list of Nigeria qualified players who, for various reasons, preferred to play for foreign countries is endless. ''</ref> Adebayor nyeere Togo aka iru eru maka 2006 Africa Cup of Nations mgbe ọ gbasịrị goolu iri na otu na qualifiers, karịa onye ọ bụla ọzọ na African qualifiers. Na ụbọchị iri n'ọnwa Febụwarị 2009, Confederation of African Football (CAF) họọrọ Adebayor dị ka onye na-agba bọọlụ nke Afọ Afrịka maka afọ 2008 na mmemme mmeri e mere na [[Lagos]], Naịjirịa. Adebayor meriri ndị ikpeazụ a họpụtara Mohamed Aboutrika nke Egypt na Michael Essien nke Ghana na ntuli aka nke metụtara ndị nkuzi otu mba nke mba iri ise na anọ nke CAF. Ọ bụ oge mbụ onye Togo meriri ihe nrite ahụ dị ka onye egwuregwu kachasị mma n'Africa. Adebayor nyeere Togo aka iru eru maka 2006 FIFA World Cup na Germany wee malite egwuregwu atọ niile megide South Korea, Switzerland na France, mana ọ nweghị ihe mgbaru ọsọ ọ bụla ma Togo mechara nọrọ n'ọnọdụ ikpeazụ na otu ha. E mere Adebayor onye isi otu mgbe asọmpi ikpeazụ gasịrị. A kpọrọ Adebayor maka 2006 Africa Cup of Nations, ebe ọ nọchiri anya egwuregwu mbụ nke mba ahụ, na-esote ya na onye nkuzi. Adebayor buru ụzọ kwe nkwa ịhapụ asọmpi ahụ ma laghachi n'ụlọ, ọ bụ ezie na o mechara maliteghachi ọzụzụ n'akụkụ ahụ.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/africa/4636070.stm|title=Adebayor future with Togo unclear|publisher=BBC Sport|date=22 January 2006|accessdate=20 June 2010}}</ref> E wepụrụ Togo mgbe ha meriri egwuregwu atọ ahụ. Togo tụpụrụ ya n'ihi esemokwu banyere ịkwụ ụgwọ ego.<ref name="Togo axe Adebayor and two others">{{Cite news|title=Togo axe Adebayor and two others|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/africa/6494073.stm|publisher=BBC Sport|date=25 March 2007|accessdate=25 March 2007}}</ref> Otú ọ dị, e weghachiri Adebayor n'ime ndị otu Togo na Septemba 2007. N'abalị iri na otu n'ọnwa Ọktoba n'afọ 2008, ọ gbara goolu anọ na 6-0 nke Togo na Swaziland n'oge asọmpi asọmpi iko mba ụwa. N'agbanyeghị na o merụrụ ahụ, Adebayor gbara bọọlụ maka Togo megide Cameroon. N'egwuregwu ahụ, ọ gbara naanị goolu maka Togo iji mechie mmeri ahụ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.mirror.co.uk/sport/football/2009/03/29/togo-1-cameroon-0-arsenal-s-emmanuel-adebayor-back-on-target-115875-21237638/|title=Togo 1 Cameroon 0: Arsenal's Emmanuel Adebayor back on target|work=Daily Mirror|date=29 March 2009|accessdate=20 June 2010}}</ref> Na ụbọchị asatọ n'ọnwa janua Jenụwarị, 2010. Adebayor bụ otu n'ime ndị egwuregwu na-etinye aka mgbe bọs nke ndị otu mba Togo dara n'okpuru mwakpo égbè n'ụzọ na-aga Africa Cup of Nations na Angola.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/8449319.stm|work=BBC News|title=Togo footballers shot in ambush|date=8 January 2010|accessdate=2 May 2010}}</ref> Mwakpo ahụ, nke ndị egwuregwu niile lanarịrị ma mmadụ atọ ndị ọzọ nwụrụ, mere ka Togo pụọ na asọmpi ahụ.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/africa/8449611.stm|work=BBC News|title=Togo pulls team out of Africa Cup|date=9 January 2010|accessdate=2 May 2010}}</ref> Adebayor kwupụtara ezumike nká ya na bọọlụụbọchị iri na abụọ n'ọnwa a ụwa na 12 Eprel 2010 na nkwupụta nke na-agụ, "M tụlere mmetụta m n'ime izu na ọnwa kemgbe mwakpo ahụ ma ihe ndị m hụrụ n'ehihie ahụ jọgburu onwe ya na bọs ndị otu Togo ka na-enye m nsogbu. Anyị bụ naanị ndị na-agba bọọlụ na-aga igwu egwuregwu bọọlụ ma na-anọchite anya mba anyị, ma ndị chọrọ igbu anyị niile wakporo anyị. Ọ bụ oge m na-agaghị echefu echefu na nke m na-achọghị ịnwale ọzọ. "<ref>{{Cite news|title=Manchester City striker Emmanuel Adebayor retires from international football|work=[[The Daily Telegraph]]|date=12 April 2010|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/leagues/premierleague/mancity/7583196/Manchester-City-striker-Emmanuel-Adebayor-retires-from-international-football.html|accessdate=12 April 2010}}</ref> Adebayor laghachiri n'ọrụ mba ụwa na Nọvemba 2011 na-agbaso mmesi obi ike sitere na Togolese Football Federation banyere nchekwa, na-eme ka ọ laghachi na mmeri 1 Xia0 meriri Guinea-Bissau na 2014 World Cup qualifier.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Sannie|first=Ibrahim|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/15661001.stm|title=Tottenham's Adebayor comes out of Togo retirement|work=BBC News|date=10 November 2011|accessdate=22 November 2011}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2011/nov/15/emmanuel-adebayor-world-cup-qualifying|title=Emmanuel Adebayor in winning return for Togo in World Cup qualifying|work=The Guardian|date=15 November 2011|accessdate=22 November 2011}}</ref> Mgbe ọ jụrụ igwu egwu na mbido afọ ahụ, a kpọghachiri ya ọzọ na Nọvemba 2018.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Okeleji|first=Oluwashina|title=Emmanuel Adebayor: Veteran striker named in Togo squad|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/46090074|accessdate=8 March 2019|work=BBC Sport|date=4 November 2018}}</ref> N'ọnwa Machị 2019, a họpụtara ya maka asọmpi asọmpi iko mba Afrịka nke 2019 megide Benin.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Barrie|first=Mohamed Fajah|title=Emmanuel Adebayor: Veteran striker in Togo squad for crucial Afcon qualifier|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/47470318|accessdate=8 March 2019|work=BBC Sport|date=6 March 2019}}</ref> == Ụdị egwuregwu == Mgbe ọ bịanyere aka na Arsenal, onye njikwa klọb ahụ bụ Arsene Wenger jiri Adebayor tụnyere otu n'ime nnukwu mmetụta ya dị ka onye na-agba ọsọ, Nwankwo Kanu, ma kọwaa ya dị ka "ogologo, dị mma na ikuku" ma nwee ike ịme ezigbo ọsọ n'azụ ndị na-agbachitere ya.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://fr.uefa.com/insideuefa/news/newsid=386720.html|title=Adebayor states Arsenal case|publisher=UEFA.com|author=Brennan|first=Dan|date=20 January 2006|accessdate=1 June 2020}}</ref> Adebayor na-eyi uwe elu nke iri abụọ na ise na Arsenal, dị ka Idol ya, na uwe elu nke nọmba nke anọ na mba ụwa, ebe e nyere ya ọbụna aha njirimara "Baby Kanu" na mgbasa ozi n'ihi ụdị egwu ha yiri.<ref name="Players to Watch">{{Cite web|url=https://www.dw.com/en/world-cup-players-to-watch/g-1800549|title=World Cup Players to Watch – Togo: Emmanuel Adebayor|publisher=DW.com|accessdate=6 June 2020}}</ref> A makwaara ya maka ọsọ ya, ike ya, na usoro ya, yana ịgba goolu ya na ikike ya ijikọ ya na ndị otu ya. Otú ọ dị, a makwaara ya maka enweghị ọzụzụ, ọkachasị na mmalite ọrụ ya.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.goal.com/en-ae/news/emmanuel-adebayor-african-legend-of-the-week/11zi6oyeh23rh1mtlwfo9owka2|title=Emmanuel Adebayor: African Legend of the Week|publisher=Goal.com|date=16 February 2017|accessdate=6 June 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.goal.com/en/news/1717/editorial/2009/01/01/1036160/the-goalcom-50-emmanuel-adebayor-27|title=The Goal.com 50: Emmanuel Adebayor (27)|publisher=Goal.com|author=Lister|first=Graham|date=1 January 2009|accessdate=6 June 2020}}</ref> == Ọrụ mgbasa ozi == Adebayor bụ onye ọkachamara maka BBC Sport's 2010 FIFA World Cup coverage.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2010/jun/05/tv-radio-guide-world-cup-2010|title=TV and radio guide: The best ways to follow the World Cup|first=Owen|author=Gibson|work=[[The Guardian]]|date=4 June 2010|accessdate=21 June 2010}}</ref> == Ndụ onwe onye == Adebayor lụrụ di ma nwee nwa nwanyị aha ya bụ Kendra onye(amụrụ na June 2010).<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/news-and-comment/emmanuel-adebayor-no-regrets-2377271.html|title=Emmanuel Adebayor: No Regrets|work=The Independent|date=29 October 2011|accessdate=29 October 2011}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2013/feb/22/tottenham-emmanuel-adebayor-togo-federation|title=Tottenham's Emmanuel Adebayor blames Togo federation for late return|work=The Guardian|date=23 February 2013|accessdate=23 February 2013}}</ref> Ọ bụ nwanne nna nke onye na-agba bọọlụ n'etiti Georgia Revolution FC bụ Alex Harlley.<ref name="Hounds Announce">{{Cite web|title=Hounds Announce First Offseason Roster Moves|url=http://riverhounds.com/newsstory/hounds-announce-first-offseason-roster-moves/|publisher=Pittsburgh Riverhounds|accessdate=5 January 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160204060323/http://riverhounds.com/newsstory/hounds-announce-first-offseason-roster-moves/|archivedate=4 February 2016}}</ref> N'oge ọ bụ nwata, Adebayor na ezinụlọ ya biri n'ụlọ na-enweghị ọkụ eletrik ma ọ bụ ụlọ ịsa ahụ, iji sachaa onwe ha, ha ga-aga n'ụsọ osimiri.<ref>{{Cite web|title=HOY / Curiosidades y confesiones de Emmanuel Adebayor, la super estrella de Olimpia|url=https://www.hoy.com.py/deportes/curiosidades-y-confesiones-de-emmanuel-adebayor-la-super-estrella-de-olimpia|accessdate=2020-12-04|work=www.hoy.com.py|language=es}}</ref> Adebayor ekwuola banyere okwukwe ya, na-ekwu, sị, "Ihe niile m na-eme na ndụ m tinyere n'aka Chineke, onye okike m. O nyere m ohere ịnọ ebe m nọ taa ma ọ bụ ya nwere ike iwepụ ya niile n'ebe m nọ. Ọ dịghị ihe dị mkpa nye m karịa Chineke". Adebayor enweghị ike ịga ije maka afọ anọ mbụ nke ndụ ya. Nne ya kpọọrọ Adebayor na-eto eto gburugburu Africa na-achọ ọgwụgwọ. Adebayor kwuru banyere "ọrụ ebube" ya na-ekwu, "Anọ m na chọọchị na-edina ala, n'ihe dị ka elekere itoolu ma ọ bụ iri n'ụtụtụ Sọnde, enwere m ike ịnụ ụmụaka na-egwuri egwu n'èzí. Na mberede, mmadụ gbara bọọlụ n'ime ụlọ ụka ahụ. Onye mbụ biliri ma gbaa ọsọ bụ m, n'ihi na achọrọ m inweta bọọlụ ahụ. "<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/teams/arsenal/4444076/Arsenal-striker-Emmanuel-Adebayors-football-miracle-taught-him-to-walk.html|title=Arsenal striker Emmanuel Adebayor's football 'miracle' taught him to walk|first=Richard|author=Bright|date=3 February 2009|work=telegraph.co.uk|accessdate=27 August 2019}}</ref> Na ụbọchị ise n'ọnwa Mee 2015, Adebayor dere ogologo ozi na Facebook ọha ya na-akọwa nsogbu ezinụlọ ya. Nsogbu ndị a gụnyere ọtụtụ ndị ikwu na-arịọ maka nnukwu ego, nwanne ya nwanyị na-akwụ ụgwọ ụlọ ọ zụrụ ya n'amaghị ya, na nsogbu ndị gbara ọnwụ nwanne ya nwoke Peter gburugburu. N'ọnwa Julaị 2017, Adebayor kwuru n'ajụjụ ọnụ gbasara nsogbu ezinụlọ ya na nwanne ya nwoke nwụrụ anwụ zigaara Real Madrid akwụkwọ ozi na-arịọ ha ka ha ghara idebe Adebayor mgbe ọ gbazitere ego.<ref name="I don't talk to my family">{{Cite web|title=Adebayor: I don't talk to my family any more|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/world-africa-40610939/adebayor-i-don-t-talk-to-my-family-any-more|accessdate=18 July 2017}}</ref> == Ndekọ ọnụ ọgụgụ ọrụ == === Klọb === {{updated|4 April 2020}}<ref>{{cite web |url=https://int.soccerway.com/players/emmanuel-adebayor/598/ |title=Togo - E. Adebayor |website=Soccerway |publisher=Soccerway.com |access-date=4 April 2020}}</ref>Dị ka 4 Apira 2020. {| class="wikitable" style="font-size:100%; text-align: center;" ! rowspan="2" |Klọb ! rowspan="2" |Oge ! colspan="3" |Njikọ ! colspan="2" |Iko ! colspan="2" |Iko Njikọ ! colspan="2" |Kọntinent ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta |- !Nkewa !Ngwa !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ !Ngwa !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ !Ngwa !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ !Ngwa !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ !Ngwa !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ |- | rowspan="3" |Metz |200102 |Nkewa 1 |10 |2 |1 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |11 |2 |- |200203 |Njikọ nke 2 |34 |13 |2 |0 |4 |2 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |40 |15 |- ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta !44 !15 !3 !0 !4 !2 ! colspan="2" |Ọdịdị !51 !17 |- | rowspan="4" |Monaco |200304 |Njikọ 1 |31 |8 |4 |0 |0 |0 |9 |0 |44 |8 |- |200405 |Njikọ 1 |34 |9 |2 |0 |4 |3 |10 |2 |50 |14 |- |200506 |Njikọ 1 |13 |1 |0 |0 |1 |0 |7 |3 |21 |4 |- ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta !78 !18 !6 !0 !5 !3 !26 !5 !115 !26 |- | rowspan="5" |Arsenal |200506 |Njikọ Premier |13 |4 |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |13 |4 |- |200607 |Njikọ Premier |29 |8 |3 |2 |4 |2 |8 |0 |44 |12 |- |2007-08 |Njikọ Premier |36 |24 |2 |2 |1 |1 |9 |3 |48 |30 |- |200809 |Njikọ Premier |26 |10 |2 |0 |0 |0 |9 |6 |37 |16 |- ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta !104 !46 !7 !4 !5 !3 !26 !9 !142 !62 |- | rowspan="3" |Manchester City |2009 na iri |Njikọ Premier |26 |14 |2 |0 |3 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |31 |14 |- |2010-11 |Njikọ Premier |8 |1 |0 |0 |0 |0 |6 |4 |14 |5 |- ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta !34 !15 !2 !0 !3 !0 !6 !4 !45 !19 |- |Real Madrid (ụgwọ) |2010-11 |Njikọ ahụ |14 |5 |2 |1 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |6 |2 |22 |8 |- |Tottenham Hotspur (ụgwọ) |2011-12 |Njikọ Premier |33 |17 |4 |1 |0 |0 |0 |0 |37 |18 |- | rowspan="4" |Tottenham Hotspur |201213 |Njikọ Premier |25 |5 |1 |0 |0 |0 |8 |3 |34 |8 |- |201314 |Njikọ Premier |21 |11 |1 |0 |1 |1 |2 |2 |25 |14 |- |2014-15 |Njikọ Premier |13 |2 |1 |0 |1 |0 |2 |0 |17 |2 |- ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta !92 !35 !7 !1 !2 !1 !12 !5 !113 !42 |- |Crystal Palace |201516 |Njikọ Premier |12 |1 |3 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |15 |1 |- | rowspan="4" |İstanbul Başakşehir |201617 |Süper Lig |11 |6 |5 |1 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |16 |7 |- |2017 18 |Süper Lig |30 |15 |1 |1 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |5 |1 |36 |17 |- |201819 |Süper Lig |19 |3 |4 |1 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |1 |0 |24 |4 |- ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta !60 !24 !10 !3 ! colspan="2" |Ọdịdị !6 !1 !76 !28 |- |Kayserispor |201920 |Süper Lig |8 |2 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |0 |0 |8 |2 |- |Olimpia |2020 |Nkewa nke Mbụ |2 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |2 |0 |4 |0 |- ! colspan="3" |Ọrụ zuru ezu !451 !161 !40 !9 !19 !9 !84 !26 !591 !205 |} === Mba ụwa === '''Egwuregwu na ihe mgbaru ọsọ site na otu mba na afọ'''{{updated|24 March 2019}}<ref>{{cite web|url = http://www.rsssf.com/miscellaneous/adebayor-intlg.html|title=Emmanuel Sheyi Adebayor – Goals in International Matches|publisher = RSSSF}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" !Ndị otu mba !Afọ !Ngwa !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ |- | rowspan="21" |Togo |- |2000 |4 |0 |- |2001 |1 |0 |- |2002 |3 |1 |- |2003 |4 |2 |- |2004 |5 |4 |- |2005 |6 |6 |- |2006 |7 |0 |- |2007 |6 |4 |- |2008 |6 |5 |- |2009 |6 |1 |- |2010 |0 |0 |- |2011 |1 |0 |- |2012 |4 |3 |- |2013 |4 |1 |- |2014 |6 |2 |- |2015 |1 |1 |- |2016 |8 |0 |- |2017 |8 |1 |- |2018 |4 |0 |- |2019 |1 |1 |- ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta !85 !32 |} '''Ihe mgbaru ọsọ mba ụwa''' : ''Akara na nsonaazụ depụtara ihe mgbaru ọsọ Togo nke mbụ''<ref name="NFT Profile">{{Cite web|title=NFT Profile|url=http://www.national-football-teams.com/player/6618/Emmanuel_Adebayor.html|publisher=National Football Teams|accessdate=5 January 2016}}</ref>. {| class="wikitable" !Mba. !Ụbọchị !Ebe a na-anọ !Onye mmegide !Ihe ndị a tụrụ !Nsonaazụ !Ịsọ mpi |- |{{center|1}} |12 Ọktoba 2002 |Egwuregwu Kégué, Lomé, Togo | Mauritania |{{center|1–0}} |{{center|1–0}} |2004 African Cup of Nations iru eru |- |{{center|2}} |8 June 2003 |Egwuregwu Kégué, Lomé, Togo | Cape Verde |{{center|5–2}} |{{center|5–2}} |2004 African Cup of Nations iru eru |- |{{center|3}} |16 Nọvemba 2003 |Egwuregwu Kégué, Lomé, Togo | Equatorial Guinea |{{center|1–0}} |{{center|2–0}} |2006 FIFA World Cup iru eru |- |{{center|4}} |20 June 2004 |Egwuregwu Kégué, Lomé, Togo | Senegal |{{center|1–0}} |{{center|3–1}} |2006 FIFA World Cup iru eru |- |{{center|5}} | rowspan="2" |5 Septemba 2004 | rowspan="2" |Egwuregwu Kégué, Lomé, Togo | rowspan="2" | Congo |{{center|1–0}} | rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |2 na 0 | rowspan="2" |2006 FIFA World Cup iru eru |- |{{center|6}} |{{center|2–0}} |- |{{center|7}} |10 Ọktoba 2004 |Egwuregwu Kégué, Lomé, Togo | Mali |{{center|1–0}} |{{center|1–0}} |2006 FIFA World Cup iru eru |- |{{center|8}} | rowspan="2" |June 5, 2005 | rowspan="2" |Egwuregwu Kégué, Lomé, Togo | rowspan="2" | Zambia |{{center|1–0}} | rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |4 Na 1 | rowspan="2" |2006 FIFA World Cup iru eru |- |{{center|9}} |{{center|4–1}} |- |{{center|10}} |18 June 2005 |Egwuregwu Leopold Senghor, Dakar, Senegal | Senegal |{{center|2–2}} |{{center|2–2}} |2006 FIFA World Cup iru eru |- |{{center|11}} | rowspan="2" |4 Septemba 2005 | rowspan="2" |Egwuregwu Kégué, Lomé, Togo | rowspan="2" | Liberia |{{center|1–0}} | rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |30 | rowspan="2" |2006 FIFA World Cup iru eru |- |{{center|12}} |{{center|3–0}} |- |{{center|13}} |8 Ọktoba 2005 |Stade Alphonse Massemba-Débat, Brazzaville, Republic of the Congo | Congo |{{center|1–1}} |{{center|3–2}} |2006 FIFA World Cup iru eru |- |{{center|14}} |7 Febụwarị 2007 |Egwuregwu Kégué, Lomé, Togo | Cameroon |{{center|2–0}} |{{center|2–2}} |Ndị nwere omume enyi |- |{{center|15}} | rowspan="2" |24 Machị 2007 | rowspan="2" |Egwuregwu Kégué, Lomé, Togo | rowspan="2" | Sierra Leone |{{center|1–0}} | rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |31 Nke 1 | rowspan="2" |2008 Africa Cup of Nations iru eru |- |{{center|16}} |{{center|3–1}} |- |{{center|17}} |21 Nọvemba 2007 |Ohene Djan Stadium, Accra, Ghana | United Arab Emirates |{{center|5–0}} |{{center|5–0}} |Ghana Four Nations Tournament |- |{{center|18}} |20 Ọgọstụ 2008 |Ogige egwuregwu Vieux Pré, Dreux, France | DR Congo |{{center|1–0}} |{{center|1–2}} |Ndị nwere omume enyi |- |{{center|19}} | rowspan="4" |11 Ọktoba 2008 | rowspan="4" |Ohene Djan Stadium, Accra, Ghana | rowspan="4" | Swaziland |{{center|2–0}} | rowspan="4" style="text-align:center;" |60 | rowspan="4" |2010 FIFA World Cup iru eru |- |{{center|20}} |{{center|4–0}} |- |{{center|21}} |{{center|5–0}} |- |{{center|22}} |{{center|6–0}} |- |{{center|23}} |28 Machị 2009 |Ohene Djan Stadium, Accra, Ghana | Cameroon |{{center|1–0}} |{{center|1–0}} |2010 FIFA World Cup iru eru |- |{{center|24}} |8 Septemba 2012 |Ámá Egwuregwu Angondjé, Libreville, Gabon | Gabon |{{center|1–1}} |{{center|1–1}} | rowspan="2" |2013 Africa Cup of Nations iru eru |- |{{center|25}} |14 Ọktoba 2012 |Egwuregwu Kégué, Lomé, Togo | Gabon |{{center|2–0}} |{{center|2–1}} |- |{{center|26}} |14 Nọvemba 2012 |Stade Mohamed V, Casablanca, Morocco | Morocco |{{center|1–0}} |{{center|1–0}} |Ndị nwere omume enyi |- |{{center|27}} |26 Jenụwarị 2013 |Royal Bafokeng Stadium, Phokeng, South Africa | Algeria |{{center|1–0}} |{{center|2–0}} |2013 Africa Cup of Nations |- |{{center|28}} |10 Septemba 2014 |Egwuregwu Kégué, Lomé, Togo | Ghana |{{center|2–2}} |{{center|2–3}} |2015 Africa Cup of Nations iru eru |- |{{center|29}} |15 Nọvemba 2014 |Egwuregwu Kégué, Lomé, Togo | Guinea |{{center|4–1}} |{{center|4–1}} |2015 Africa Cup of Nations iru eru |- |{{center|30}} |14 June 2015 |Egwuregwu Kégué, Lomé, Togo | Liberia |{{center|2–1}} |{{center|2–1}} |2017 Africa Cup of Nations iru eru |- |{{center|31}} |12 Nọvemba 2017 |Egwuregwu Kégué, Lomé, Togo | Mauritius |{{center|4–0}} |{{center|6–0}} |Ndị nwere omume enyi |- |{{center|32}} |24 Machị 2019 |Egwuregwu Amitié, Cotonou, Benin | Benin |{{center|1–1}} |{{center|1–2}} |2019 Africa Cup of Nations iru eru |} == Nsọpụrụ == '''Monaco''' * Onye nke abụọ na UEFA Champions League: 2003<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.uefa.com/uefachampionsleague/season=2003/matches/round=1716/match=1065206/index.html|title=Final: Monaco 0–3 Porto: Overview|publisher=UEFA|accessdate=19 April 2019}}</ref> '''Arsenal''' * Onye nke abụọ n'asọmpi bọọlụ: 2006<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/league_cup/6371613.stm|title=Chelsea 2–1 Arsenal: Match report|publisher=BBC Sport|date=25 February 2007}}</ref> '''Real Madrid''' * Iko nke Eze: 201011<ref name="copa11"/> '''Crystal Palace''' * Onye nke abụọ na FA Cup: 2015-16<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/36292265|title=Crystal Palace 1–2 Manchester United|first=Phil|author=McNulty|publisher=BBC Sport|date=21 May 2016|accessdate=19 May 2019}}</ref> '''Togo''' * Four Nations Tournament (Ghana) nke atọ: 2007<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.rsssf.com/tablesg/gha-4nat-07.html|title=Four Nation Tournament (Ghana) 2007|work=www.rsssf.com}}</ref> '''Onye ọ bụla''' * Onye bọọlụ bọọlụ nke afọ nke BBC: 2007<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/africa/7194709.stm|title=Adebayor wins BBC player award|publisher=BBC Sport|date=20 February 2001|accessdate=16 March 2017}}</ref> * Onye egwuregwu Afrịka nke Afọ: 2008<ref>{{Cite news|date=1 January 2000|url=http://www.rsssf.com/miscellaneous/afr-poy.html|title=African Player of the Year|publisher=[[rsssf.com]]|accessdate=2 July 2013}}</ref> * Ihe mgbaru ọsọ BBC nke Oge: 2007-08<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/match_of_the_day/7256721.stm|title=Goal of the season|date=5 June 2008|accessdate=15 December 2011|publisher=BBC Sport}}</ref> * Ndị otu PFA nke Afọ Premier League: 2007<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/7370319.stm|title=Ronaldo named player of the year|publisher=BBC Sport|date=27 April 2008|accessdate=25 April 2018}}</ref> == Hụkwa == *  Football in Africa portal == Ndemsibia == == Njikọ mpụga == * Official website * Emmanuel Adebayor at tottenhamhotspur.com at the Wayback Machine (archived 30 May 2014) * Emmanuel Adebayor – French league stats at LFP – also available in French * [http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/indepth/african_footballer_2008.shtml BBC World Service: Onye bọọlụ bọọlụ Afrịka nke Afọ 2008] * Emmanuel Adebayor at ESPN FC * Emmanuel Adebayor at Soccerway {{DEFAULTSORT:Adebayor, Emmanuel}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:21st-century Togolese people]] [[Òtù:Tottenham Hotspur FC player]] [[Òtù:Sportspeople nke Nigeria]] [[Òtù:Togolese people of Nigeria descent]] [[Òtù:Togolese footballers]] [[Òtù:Togolese expatriates sportspeople in Tu]] [[Òtù:Togolese expatriate sportspeople in S]] [[Òtù:Togolese expatriates in Paraguay]] [[Òtù:Togolese expatriate sportspeople]] [[Òtù:Togolese expatriate footballers]] [[Òtù:Togolese Christians]] [[Òtù:Togo International footballers]] [[Òtù:Super Lig player]] [[Òtù:Real Madrid CF players]] [[Òtù:Premier League players]] [[Òtù:Paraguayan Primera División players]] [[Òtù:Manchester City FC players]] [[Òtù:Ligue 2 players]] [[Òtù:Kayserispor footballers]] [[Òtù:Istanbul Başakşehir FK players]] [[Òtù:FC Metz players]] [[Òtù:Expatriate footballers in Turkey]] [[Òtù:Expatriate footballers in Spain]] [[Òtù:Expatriate footballers in Paraguayan]] [[Òtù:Expatriate footballers in Monaco]] [[Òtù:Expatriate footballers in France]] [[Òtù:Expatriate footballers in England]] [[Òtù:Crystal Palace FC player]] [[Òtù:Club Olimpia footballers]] [[Òtù:Association football forward]] [[Òtù:As Monaco FC players]] [[Òtù:Arsenal FC players]] [[Òtù:African Footballer of the Year winners]] [[Òtù:2017 African Cup of Nationss players]] [[Òtù:2013 African Cup of Nations players]] [[Òtù:2010 African Cup of Nations players]] [[Òtù:2006 FIFA World Cup of Nations players]] [[Òtù:2006 African Cup of Nations players]] [[Òtù:2002 African Cup of Nations players]] [[Òtù:Yoruba sports people]] [[Òtù:Sportspeople from Lome]] [[Òtù:CSI French - language sources (fr)]] [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] [[Otú:Ndị amụrụ n'afọ 1984]] cxzpnwob2dx67b0pqzgjddaa7c8hpp3 0 19954 644209 197313 2026-05-30T19:35:34Z Wikipedian12512(alt) 61413 ce 644209 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}  [[Usòrò:Malik Berry at Nativeland music festival, Lagos, December 2016.jpg|thumb|Ndị na-agụ egwú na NATIVELAND music festival ]] '''NATIVELAND''' bụ emume egwu kwa afọ na [[Lagos]], [[Naijiria|Naịjirịa]], nke The Native haziri.<ref>{{Cite web|title=We are officially announcing NATIVELAND 2017|url=https://thenativemag.com/officially-announcing-nativeland-2017/|work=The NATIVE|accessdate=10 April 2022|date=13 December 2017}}</ref> E guzobere ikpo okwu ahụ iji jikọta ihe kachasị mma nke ọdịbendị pop, egwu, nka, nri, ụdị, egwuregwu, na agụmakwụkwọ na ụlọ ọrụ ntụrụndụ Naijiria.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Nativeland|url=https://thenativemag.com/nativeland/|work=The NATIVE|accessdate=10 April 2022}}</ref> == Akụkọ ihe mere eme == NATIVELAND bụ nke The Native mepụtara ma hazie. E kere ya iji jikọta ihe kachasị mma nke ọdịbendị pop, egwu, nka, nri, ụdị, egwuregwu, na agụmakwụkwọ na ụlọ ọrụ ntụrụndụ Naijiria. A na-eme ihe omume ahụ kwa afọ na Muri Okunola Park, na [[Lagos]].<ref name="Premium Times Nigeria">{{Cite web|title=Burna Boy, YCEE, Maleek Berry, others set for Nativeland festival|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/music/218624-burna-boy-ycee-maleek-berry-others-set-nativeland-festival.html|work=Premium Times Nigeria|accessdate=10 April 2022|date=21 December 2016}}</ref> === 2016: Mbipụta mbụ === N'abalị iri abụọ na abụọ n'ọnwa Disemba n'afọ 2016, [[Ndani TV]] mere mbipụta mbụ ma nye ya ike. Ọ bụ Skepta, na Burna Boy duziri egwu ahụ ma egosipụtara ihe ngosi site na, [[Ycee]], Ajebutter 22, [[Maleek Berry]], Fresh L, DAP The Contract, Odunsi (The Engine), Cruel Santino, na [[Lady Donli]].<ref name="Premium Times Nigeria"/> Na mbipụta mbụ, otu egwu DRB LasGidi, jikọtara ọnụ n'elu ikpo okwu.<ref>{{Cite web|title=4 Things You Missed At The First NATIVELAND Festival|url=https://thenativemag.com/things-missed-nativeland-first-edition/|work=The NATIVE|accessdate=10 April 2022|date=26 December 2016}}</ref> === 2017: Mbipụta nke abụọ === Na 22 Disemba 2017, e mere mbipụta nke abụọ, nke Kojo Funds, [[Davido]], [[Nonso Amadi]], [[Maleek Berry]], Burna Boy, [[Tekno (musician)|Tekno]], Not3s, [[Mayorkun]] na Yxng Bane, na-eme ihe ngosi site na, Fasina, Fresh L, Mobblanta, No Politics Mob, Kazeem Twins, Yinka Bernie, AYLØ, [[Lady Donli]], Barelyanyhook, Dice Ailes, [[Ladipoe]], Prettyboy D-O, DJ, Ayevy The Creator, Blackmagic, Santije, Od.<ref>{{Cite web|title=How surprise performances made NATIVELAND '17 our most memorable one yet|url=https://thenativemag.com/surprise-performances-made-nativeland-talked-concert-2017/|work=The NATIVE|accessdate=10 April 2022|date=8 January 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Burna Boy, Davido Skepta, thrill Lagos in annual concert|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/music/nativeland-2017-burna-boy-davido-skepta-thrill-lagos-in-annual-concert/j1c0yxw|work=Pulse Nigeria|accessdate=10 April 2022|language=en|date=23 December 2017|archivedate=5 October 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211005015416/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/music/nativeland-2017-burna-boy-davido-skepta-thrill-lagos-in-annual-concert/j1c0yxw}}</ref> === 2018: Mbipụta nke atọ === E mere mbipụta nke atọ na Odunsi, PrettyBoy D-O, na Santi dị ka ndị ọbịa pụrụ iche, yana mmemme ndị ọzọ sitere na [[Wande Coal]], [[Runtown]], Sababii, Falana, na [[Teni (singer)|Teni]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Join Wande Coal, Runtown, Falana, Teni the Entertainer, Odunsi at NATIVELAND ‘18 {{!}} Today, December 28th|url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2018/12/2018-nativeland-music-festival/|work=BellaNaija|accessdate=10 April 2022|date=28 December 2018}}</ref> === 2019: Mbipụta nke anọ === Na mbipụta nke anọ, emume ahụ gbakwunyere otu ụbọchị maka otu mkparitaụka akpọrọ NATIVE HOUSE, nke kpọrọ ndị na-arụ ọrụ egwu site na òtù dị iche iche na ndị na-ese ihe si Naijiria na African Diaspora. Iji kwurịta isiokwu ndị sitere na mbata nke egwu Africa nke oge a, nka anya, na mmasị egwu mba ụwa na egwu Africa.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Here are the best looks from this year's NATIVELAND|url=https://www.thefader.com/2019/12/30/native-land-style-photo-gallery|work=The FADER|accessdate=10 April 2022|language=en}}</ref> Ihe ngosi nke emume ahụ sitere na [[Naira Marley]], Santi, [[Rema (musician)|Rema]], [[Lady Donli]], Tems, [[Joeboy]], [[Fireboy DML]], [[Bnxn|Buju]], Gigi Atlantis, SOMADINA, [[DJ Cuppy|Cuppy]], Maison 2500, DJ Femo na ndị ọzọ. Site na egwu ndị ọzọ nke NATIVE Sound System bi na DJs Bristar na Vvada nyere.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Heres the lineup for the fourth edition of NATIVELAND 2019|url=https://thenativemag.com/nativeland-2019/|work=The NATIVE|accessdate=10 April 2022|date=13 December 2019}}</ref> Burna Boy na Koffee emeghị, n'ihi na ndị na-akwado ya mebiri nchekwa na ọnụ ụzọ VIP.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Alake|first=Motolani|title=This is what led to panic, theft and multiple injuries at Nativeland 2019 [Report]|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/music/nativeland-2019-how-terrible-organization-led-to-panic-theft-and-multiple-injuries/45bcqw7#:~:text=On%20December%2020%2C%202019%2C%20the,Park%2C%20Victoria%20Island%2C%20Lagos.&text=Artists%20billed%20to%20perform%20at,Odunsi%20TheEngine%20and%20so%20forth.|work=Pulse Nigeria|accessdate=10 April 2022|language=en|date=20 December 2019}}</ref> === 2021: Mbipụta nke ise === Na 22 Disemba 2021, NSS kwadoro mbipụta nke ise nke NATIVELAND, nke akpọrọ NATIV5 na Harbour Point Marquee.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Welcome to NATIV5|url=https://thenativemag.com/welcome-to-nativ5/|work=The NATIVE|accessdate=11 April 2022|date=20 December 2021}}</ref><ref name="Independent Newspaper Nigeria">{{Cite web|title=#Nativ5: The Native Celebrates 5 Years Anniversary With Surprise Show|url=https://independent.ng/nativ5-the-native-celebrates-5-years-anniversary-with-surprise-show/|work=Independent Newspaper Nigeria|accessdate=11 April 2022}}</ref> Iji mee emume ncheta afọ ise nke The Native. [[Rema (musician)|Rema]], Amaarae, Styl-Plus, Teezee, SGaWD, na [[Lojay]] duziri ihe ngosi egwu ahụ, ndị ọzọ mere ihe ngosi gụnyere Odunsi, [[Ayra Starr]], Tems, Wale Davies, na [[Ladipoe]].<ref name="Independent Newspaper Nigeria" /> == Hụkwa == * Ụmụ amaala * NATIVE Sound System * NATIVE Sound Radio == Edensibia == {{Reflist|2}} c4cwqcxdggl0p7dpv8o5ri3e9mtt5pm 0 20007 644553 516252 2026-05-31T06:57:46Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 644553 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="infobox vcard" |+ class="infobox-title fn org" id="4" |Air Peace | colspan="2" class="infobox-image" | |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" | {| style="display: table; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; background-color: lightgrey; font-weight: bold; line-height: 1;" ! scope="col" style="padding-top: 0.5em; border-right: 1px solid white; text-align: center;" |[[IATA airline designator|IATA]] ! scope="col" style="padding-top: 0.5em; border-right: 1px solid white; text-align: center;" |[[ICAO airline designator|ICAO]] ! scope="col" style="padding-top: 0.5em; text-align: center;" |[[Airline call sign|Callsign]] |- | class="nickname" style="padding-bottom: 0.5em; border-right: 1px solid white; text-align: center;" |P4 | class="nickname" style="padding-bottom: 0.5em; border-right: 1px solid white; text-align: center;" |APK | class="nickname" style="padding-bottom: 0.5em; text-align: center;" |PEACE BIRD |} |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Founded | class="infobox-data" |2013; 8 years ago |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Operating bases | class="infobox-data" |[[Murtala Muhammed International Airport]] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Fleet size | class="infobox-data" |31 |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Destinations | class="infobox-data" |20 |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Headquarters | class="infobox-data label" |[[Ikeja]], [[Lagos State]], Nigeria |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Key people | class="infobox-data" |[[Allen Onyema]], [[CEO]] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Website | class="infobox-data" |[http://www.flyairpeace.com/ flyairpeace.com] |} Air Peace bụ ụlọ ọrụ ụgbọ elu Naijiria nke onwe ya nke e guzobere na 2013 na isi ụlọ ọrụ ya na [[Ikeja]], [[Ȯra Lagos|Lagos]] State, Naijiria, [[Naijiria|onye]] na-ebu ọkọlọtọ na ụlọ ọrụ ụgbọelu kachasị ukwuu na Naijiria na West Africa.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.flyairpeace.com/aboutus.php|title=About Us|publisher=Air Peace|accessdate=2021-03-20|quote=Head Office: 25, Sobo Arobiodu Street GRA, Ikeja, Lagos.|archivedate=2018-10-06|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181006072052/https://flyairpeace.com/aboutus.php}}</ref> Air Peace, nke na-enye ndị njem na ọrụ ụgbọ ala, na-ejere obodo ukwu ndị dị na Naịjirịa ozi ma na-efega ọtụtụ ebe West Africa na Middle East. Ụlọ ọrụ ụgbọelu ahụ guzobekwara enyemaka, Air Peace Hopper, na 2018.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Eze|first=Chinedu|date=February 5, 2018|title=Air Peace Establishes Subsidiary to Manage New Fleet|url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2018/02/05/air-peace-establishes-subsidiary-to-manage-new-fleet/|archiveurl=|archivedate=|accessdate=2020-09-28|work=THISDAYLIVE}}</ref> == Akụkọ ihe mere eme == === Ntọala === Air Peace bụ onye ọka iwu Naijiria na onye ọchụnta ego Allen Onyema guzobere na 2013. Onyema na-ekwu na ọ malitere ụlọ ọrụ ụgbọ elu ahụ na ebumnuche iji ya dị ka injin iji nye ndị ntorobịa Naijiria ohere akụ na ụba.<ref name="city people">{{Cite web|title="Why I named my aircrafts (sic) after my wife & kids" – Air Peace Chairman, Allen Onyema|url=http://www.citypeopleonline.com/named-7-aircrafts-wife-kids-air-peace-airlines-chairman-allen-onyema/|work=City People|date=9 April 2017}}</ref> Ụlọ ọrụ ụgbọelu ahụ malitere ọrụ na Dornier 328s na Boeing 737s. N'afọ 2017, a malitere ụzọ mba ụwa mbụ gaa n'ọdụ ụgbọ elu mba Kotoka na Accra, Ghana.<ref name="Anna">{{Cite web|url=https://www.anna.aero/2017/02/21/air-peace-ganders-ghana/|title=Air Peace grows into Ghana|publisher=Anna.aero|date=21 February 2017|accessdate=19 September 2022|archivedate=27 November 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20201127081957/https://www.anna.aero/2017/02/21/air-peace-ganders-ghana/}}</ref> Ka ọ na-erule afọ 2018, Air Peace nwere òkè ahịa kachasị ukwuu n'ahịa ụgbọ elu dị n'ụlọ na Naịjirịa.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/headlines/365090-how-i-made-my-fortune-to-start-air-peace-onyema.html|title=How I made my fortune to start Air Peace - Onyema|date=25 November 2019|publisher=Premium Times Nigeria}}</ref> N'otu afọ ahụ, ụlọ ọrụ ụgbọ elu ahụ natara Boeing 777 mbụ ya, ọ malitekwara ụgbọ elu gaa Sharjah na afọ 2019.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://viewfromthewing.com/new-airline-first-class-air-peace-got-777-plans-fly-houston/|title=Air Peace gets Boeing 777s|publisher=View From The Wing|date=12 March 2018|author=Gary Leff}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.logupdateafrica.com/air-peace-flies-out-of-africa-for-the-first-time-to-sharjah-aviation|title=Air Peace flies out of Africa for the first time|work=Logistics Update Africa|date=29 July 2019}}</ref> Ụgbọelu na-aga Johannesburg, South Africa malitere na afọ 2020.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.anna.aero/2020/12/18/air-peace-launches-lagos-to-johannesburg/|title=Air Peace launches Lagos to Johannesburg|publisher=Anna.aero|date=18 December 2020|accessdate=19 September 2022|archivedate=28 November 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20221128180829/https://www.anna.aero/2020/12/18/air-peace-launches-lagos-to-johannesburg/}}</ref> === Ụgbọelu ndị na-ebupụ South Africa === Mgbe ntiwapụ nke ime ihe ike xenophobic megide ndị mba ọzọ na South Africa na Septemba, na afọ 2019, Air Peace nyere ohere ịhapụ ụmụ amaala Naijiria n'efu.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.enca.com/news/airline-owner-offers-evacuate-nigerians-safrica|title=Airline owner offers to 'evacuate' Nigerians from SA|publisher=eNCA|date=5 Sep 2019|accessdate=19 September 2022|archivedate=20 September 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220920171705/https://www.enca.com/news/airline-owner-offers-evacuate-nigerians-safrica}}</ref> Ihe karịrị mmadụ 300 jiri ohere a mee ihe ma gaa n'ụgbọelu Boeing 777 site na Johannesburg gaa [[Lagos]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.africanews.com/2019/09/11/over-300-nigerians-evacuated-from-south-africa-by-local-airline//|title=Over 300 Nigerians evacuated from South Africa by local airline|date=11 September 2019|author=Abdur Rahman Alfa Shaban|publisher=Africa News}}</ref> === Ebubo ndị e boro ebubo na ha na-eme ka ego na-ezighị ezi === N'afọ 2019, Ngalaba Ikpe Ziri Ezi nke US nyere ebubo megide onye guzobere Air Peace na onye isi oche Allen Onyema n'ihi ego na wayo ụlọ akụ.<ref name="US DOJ">{{Cite web|url=https://www.justice.gov/usao-ndga/pr/ceo-nigerian-airline-indicted-bank-fraud-and-money-laundering|title=CEO of Nigerian airline indicted for bank fraud and money laundering|publisher=US Department of Justice|date=22 November 2019}}</ref> A na-ebo Onyema ebubo na ọ na-eduhie akwụkwọ eji zụta ụgbọ elu maka Air Peace na iji ndị ahụ kwado ịzụta ụgbọ ala ndị oké ozu na ịzụ ahịa dị elu.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://edition.cnn.com/2019/11/23/africa/nigeria-airline-founder-bank-fraud/index.html|title=Airline founder accused of bank fraud and laundering money to shop for jets, a Rolls Royce and Prada|publisher=CNN|date=24 November 2019}}</ref> Onyema na-agọnahụ ebubo ndị a.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://nairametrics.com/2019/11/23/air-peace-founder-onyema-denies-alleged-20-million-bank-fraud/|title=Air Peace Founder, Onyema denies alleged $20 million bank fraud|publisher=NairaMetrics|date=23 November 2019}}</ref> Ka ọ na-erule Mee, na afọ 2022, a ga-amalite ikpe n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ, na afọ 2022.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/top-news/528543-alleged-fraud-u-s-court-fixes-date-for-trial-of-allen-onyemas-suspected-collaborator.html|title=Alleged Fraud: U.S. Court fixes date for trial of Allen Onyema's suspected collaborator|date=9 May 2022}}</ref> === Arụmụka na UAE === N'ọnwa Disemba, na afọ 2021, Air Peace tinyere aka na esemokwu na General Civil Aviation Authority nke UAE. Dị ka akụkọ ahụ si kwuo, Emirates jụrụ arịrịọ ụlọ ọrụ ụgbọelu maka oghere atọ kama otu na Sharjah International Airport na UAE, na-akpọ ya "enweghị isi". Ndị ọchịchị UAE kwuru na Air Peace kwesịrị ịtụle ịnya ụgbọ elu abụọ ndị ọzọ gaa n'ọdụ ụgbọ elu ọ bụla ọzọ dị na mba ahụ. Otú ọ dị, Air Peace katọrọ nkwupụta Emirati, na-ebo ndị ọrụ ya ebubo ụgha. Ụlọ ọrụ ụgbọelu ahụ rịọkwara maka mgbaghara site na UAE, yana ịlaghachi azụ. Tupu ewepụta ya, gọọmentị Naijiria belatara oghere nke Emirates nke dị na Dubai site na 21 ruo otu, mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, Emirates Airline kwụsịtụrụ ụgbọ elu ya niile na Abuja na Lagos. Okwu ahụ bịara dị ka ihe iyi egwu nye mmekọrịta mmekọrịta dị n'etiti mba abụọ ahụ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/headlines/500421-uae-official-lied-air-peace-says-as-row-over-flight-slots-deepens.html|title=UAE official lied, Air Peace says as row over flight slots deepens|accessdate=12 December 2021|work=Premium Times|date=12 December 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/emirates-runs-into-new-restrictions-nigeria-2021-12-10/|title=Emirates suspends Nigeria flights after new restrictions|accessdate=11 December 2021|work=Reuters|date=11 December 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://simpleflying.com/emirates-nigeria-flights-suspended/|title=Emirates Suspends Flights to Nigeria After Schedule Slashed|accessdate=12 December 2021|work=Simple Flying|date=12 December 2021}}</ref> E gbochiri nsogbu mmekọrịta mba na mba mgbe ọdụ ụgbọ elu Dubai nyere ohere na Dubai maka Air Peace.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://simpleflying.com/emirates-air-peace-deal/|title=Crisis Averted: Emirates Could Return to Nigeria After Air Peace Deal|date=14 December 2021}}</ref> === Ọrụ Kwụsị === Na Mee, na afọ 2022, Air Peace kwupụtara atụmatụ ịkwụsị ụgbọ elu niile dị n'ime ụlọ na mpaghara, yana ụlọ ọrụ ụgbọ elu ndị ọzọ dị ka Max Air, Arik Air, Ibom Air, United Nigeria Airlines, na ndị ọzọ, na-ekwu maka ndị ọrụ na ọnụ ahịa na-arị elu nke mmanụ ụgbọ elu. Otú ọ dị, a hapụrụ atụmatụ ahụ mgbe ndị ọrụ gọọmentị batara iji nyere ụlọ ọrụ ụgbọ elu ahụ metụtara aka.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://nairametrics.com/2022/05/08/why-air-peace-max-air-others-suspend-planned-shutdown-of-operations/|title=Why Air Peace, Max Air, others suspended planned shutdown of operations|date=8 May 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thecable.ng/airlines-strike-air-peace-announces-suspension-of-all-domestic-regional-flights|title=Airlines' strike: Air Peace announces suspension of ALL domestic, regional flights|date=8 May 2022}}</ref> == Ebe Ndị A Na-aga == Ka ọ na-erule Eprel na afọ 2021, Air Peace na-efega ebe ndị a na Naịjirịa, ọdịda anyanwụ Afrịka, South Africa na United Arab Emirates.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.flyairpeace.com/#lgtab1|title=Air Peace - Book A Flight|accessdate=10 April 2021|work=flyAirPeace.com|archivedate=16 May 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190516202735/https://flyairpeace.com/#lgtab1}}</ref><ref name="chav6feb2017">{{Cite news|url=http://www.ch-aviation.com/portal/news/53020-nigerias-air-peace-chooses-accra-for-maiden-intl-service|title=Nigeria's Air Peace chooses Accra for maiden int'l service|work=ch-aviation|date=6 February 2017|accessdate=6 February 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=|first=|date=2020-10-27|title=Air Peace to commence commercial flights into Johannesburg|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2020/10/air-peace-to-commence-commercial-flights-into-johannesburg/|archiveurl=|archivedate=|accessdate=2021-01-28|work=Vanguard News}}</ref> {| class="wikitable sortable" !Mba !Obodo !Ụgbọelu !Ihe edeturu !Ebe Ndị Nchebe |- |[[Kameroon|Cameroon]] |Douala |Ọdụ Ụgbọelu Mba Douala | | align="center" |<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://autoreportng.com/2021/08/air-peace-expands-routes-to-douala-ibadan.html|title=Air Peace Expands Routes to Douala, Ibadan – AutoReportNG|accessdate=2022-09-19|archivedate=2022-09-22|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220922005238/https://autoreportng.com/2021/08/air-peace-expands-routes-to-douala-ibadan.html}}</ref> |- |[[China]] |Guangzhou |Guangzhou Baiyun International Airport | |<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://simpleflying.com/air-peace-eyes-network-expansion/|title=China, India & Israel: Nigerian Carrier Air Peace Eyes Network Expansion|date=6 July 2022}}</ref> |- |[[The Gambia|Gambia]] |Banjul |Ọdụ Ụgbọelu Mba Banjul | |- |[[Ghana]] |Accra |Ọdụ Ụgbọelu Mba Nile nke Kotoka | |<ref>{{Cite web|author=|first=|date=6 February 2017|title=Nigeria's Air Peace chooses Accra for maiden int'l service|url=https://www.ch-aviation.com/portal/news/53020-nigerias-air-peace-chooses-accra-for-maiden-intl-service|archiveurl=|archivedate=|accessdate=|work=ch-aviation.com}}</ref> |- |[[Liberia]] |Monrovia |Roberts International Airport||{{Terminated}} | |- | rowspan="19" |[[Naijiria|Naịjirịa]] |[[Abuja]] |[[Nnamdi Azikiwe International Airport]] | align="center" | | align="center" | |- |[[Akure]] |Ọdụ Ụgbọelu Akure | | align="center" | |- |[[Asaba]] |Ọdụ Ụgbọelu Mba Asaba | align="center" | | align="center" | |- |[[Óká|Awka]] |Anambra International Cargo Airport | align="center" | | align="center" | |- |[[Benin City|Obodo Benin]] |Ọdụ Ụgbọelu Benin | align="center" | | align="center" | |- |[[Calabar]] |Ọdụ Ụgbọelu Mba Nile Margaret Ekpo | align="center" | | align="center" | |- |[[Enụgwụ|Enugu]] |Ụgbọelu Mba Nile nke Akanu Ibiam | align="center" | | align="center" | |- |[[Gombe]] |Gombe Lawanti International Airport |<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2021/08/air-peace-expands-presence-in-north-east-with-launch-of-flights-into-gombe-state/|title=Air Peace expands presence in North East with launch of flights into Gombe State|date=12 August 2021}}</ref> | align="center" | |- |[[Ibadan]] |Ọdụ Ụgbọelu Ibadan |<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2021/07/oyo-govt-facilitates-air-peace-flights-to-ibadan-airport/|title=Oyo govt facilitates Air Peace flights to Ibadan airport|date=21 July 2021}}</ref> | align="center" | |- |[[Ilorin]] |Ọdụ Ụgbọelu Mba Nile nke Ilorin | |<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.sagetravels.com/air-peace-starts-cheap-flight-from-ilorin-to-lagos-abuja/|title=Air Peace Starts Cheap Flight From Ilorin To Lagos & Abuja – Sagetravels|date=17 June 2021}}</ref> |- |[[Kaduna]] |Ọdụ Ụgbọelu Mba Nile nke Kaduna | align="center" | | align="center" | |- |[[Kano]] |[[Ọdụ Ụgbọelu mba Ụwa Mallam Aminu Kano|Mallam Aminu Kano International Airport]] | align="center" | | align="center" | |- |[[Lagos]] |[[Murtala Muhammed International Airport|Ọdụ Ụgbọelu Mba Nile nke Murtala Muhammed]]||{{airline hub}} | align="center" | |- |[[Makurdi]] |Ọdụ Ụgbọelu Makurdi | | |- |[[Òwèrè|Owerri]] |Ụgbọelu Sam Mbakwe | align="center" | | align="center" | |- |[[Ugwu Ọcha|Ọdụ Ụgbọ Mmiri Harcourt]] |Ọdụ Ụgbọelu Mba Nile nke Port Harcourt | align="center" | | align="center" | |- |[[Uyo]] |Victor Attah International Airport | align="center" | | align="center" | |- |Warri |Ọdụ Ụgbọelu Osubi |<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2021/07/02/air-peace-resumes-warri-freetown-flights/|title=Air Peace Resumes Warri, Freetown Flights|date=2 July 2021}}</ref> | |- |[[Yola]] |Ọdụ Ụgbọelu Yola |<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2021/01/29/air-peace-expands-resumes-suspended-routes/|title=Air Peace Expands, Resumes Suspended Routes|date=29 January 2021}}</ref> | |- |[[Niger]] |Niamey |Diori Hamani International Airport | |<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://simpleflying.com/air-peace-inaugurates-service-niamey/|title=Air Peace Inaugurates Service to Niamey|date=13 March 2022}}</ref> |- |[[Senegal]] |Dakar |Ọdụ Ụgbọelu Mba Nile Blaise Diagne | |- |[[Sierra Leone]] |Freetown |Ọdụ Ụgbọelu Mba Nile nke Lungi | | |- |[[South Africa|Saụt Afrịka]] |Johannesburg |OR Tambo International Airport | | |- |United Arab Emirates |Dubai |Ọdụ Ụgbọelu Mba Dubai | |<ref>{{Cite web|author=|first=|date=|title=Home|url=https://www.flyairpeace.com/|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190516202735/https://flyairpeace.com/|archivedate=2019-05-16|accessdate=2021-01-28|work=www.flyairpeace.com|publisher=Air Peace}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=Pande|first=Pranjal|date=2021-01-21|title=Nigeria's Air Peace To Resume Flights To Dubai|url=https://simpleflying.com/air-peace-dubai/|archiveurl=|archivedate=|accessdate=2021-01-28|work=Simple Flying}}</ref> |- |} Na Jenụwarị 31, na afọ 2020, Air Peace kwupụtara ebe ọhụrụ abụọ na India na Israel ga-arụ ọrụ tupu ngwụcha afọ.<ref name="chav31jan2020">{{Cite news|url=https://www.ch-aviation.com/portal/news/85829-nigerias-air-peace-moots-asia-growth-in-2020|title=Nigeria's Air Peace moots Asia growth in 2020|work=ch-aviation|date=31 January 2020|accessdate=31 January 2020}}</ref> Air Peace na-arụkwa ụgbọ elu ad hoc site na [[Murtala Muhammed International Airport|Lagos]] gaa Montego Bay na [[Jamaikạ|Jamaica]] n'oge oge Krismas afọ 2020.<ref>{{Cite web|author=|first=|date=|title=Air Peace revient sur le régional et booste l'international avec l'ajout de la Jamaïque en charter|url=https://newsaero.info/airlines/air-peace-revient-sur-le-rgional-et-booste-linternational-avec-lajout-de-la-jamaque-en-charter-?true=3404|archiveurl=|archivedate=|accessdate=2021-01-28|work=newsaero.info|language=fr}}</ref> == Ụgbọ Mmiri == [[Usòrò:Air_Peace,_5N-BQV,_Boeing_737-33V_(28416517691).jpg|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Air_Peace%2C_5N-BQV%2C_Boeing_737-33V_%2828416517691%29.jpg/220px-Air_Peace%2C_5N-BQV%2C_Boeing_737-33V_%2828416517691%29.jpg|thumb|Ụgbọelu Air Peace Boeing 737-300 na ọdụ ụgbọ elu Tallinn na Estonia]] [[Usòrò:5NBUZ_Air_Peace_at_GFLL.jpg|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/5NBUZ_Air_Peace_at_GFLL.jpg/220px-5NBUZ_Air_Peace_at_GFLL.jpg|thumb|Otu Air Peace Hopper Embraer 145 na Lungi International Airport na [[Sierra Leone]]]] Ka ọ na-erule Jenụwarị, na afọ 2022, ụgbọelu Air Peace nwere ụgbọelu ndị a:<ref>{{Cite journal|title=Global Airline Guide 2019 (Part One)|journal=Airliner World|issue=October 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.ch-aviation.com/portal/news/54675-nigerias-air-peace-eyes-boeing-widebodies-for-incl-ops|title=Nigeria's Air Peace eyes Boeing widebodies for inc'l ops|work=ch-aviation|accessdate=2017-08-29|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.planespotters.net/airline/Air-Peace|title=Air Peace Fleet Details and History|work=www.planespotters.net|language=en|accessdate=7 April 2021}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="border-collapse:collapse;text-align:center;margin:auto;" |+Ụgbọelu Udo ! rowspan="2" |Ụgbọelu ! rowspan="2" |N'Oge Ozi ! rowspan="2" |Iwu ! colspan="4" |Ndị njem ! rowspan="2" |Ihe edeturu |- !<abbr title="First Class">F</abbr> !<abbr title="Business Class">J</abbr> !<abbr title="Economy Class">Y</abbr> !Ngụkọta |- |Airbus A320-200 |4 |&#x2014; |&#x2014; |&#x2014; |180 |180 |Mmiri e goro site na SmartLynx Malta |- |Boeing 737-300 |8 |&#x2014; |&#x2014; |&#x2014; |148 |148 | |- |Boeing 737-500 |5 |&#x2014; | colspan="3" |TBA |128 | |- |Boeing 737 MAX 8 |&#x2014; |10 | colspan="4" |TBA |<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/nigerias-air-peace-signs-for-10-737-max-8s-451870/|title=Nigeria's Air Peace signs for 10 737 MAX 8s|work=Flightglobal|accessdate=September 13, 2018}}</ref> |- |Boeing 777-200ER |1 |&#x2014; |12 |42 |220 |274 |<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.legit.ng/1228852-air-peace-receives-boeing-777-photos.html|title=Air Peace gets third Boeing 777 airplane, to expand its flight operations|first=Joseph|author=Omotayo|date=Mar 21, 2019|work=www.legit.ng|accessdate=Sep 18, 2019}}</ref><ref name="autogenerated1">{{Cite web |url=https://aeronauticsonline.com/air-peace-receives%E2%80%8B-boeing-777-aircraft-plans-routes/ |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2022-09-19 |archivedate=2021-02-08 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210208112357/https://aeronauticsonline.com/air-peace-receives%e2%80%8b-boeing-777-aircraft-plans-routes/ }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://m.planespotters.net/airframe/boeing-777-200-5n-bve-air-peace/ejqlxr|title=Please verify your request}}</ref> |- | rowspan="2" |Boeing 777-300 | rowspan="2" |2 | rowspan="2" |&#x2014; |12 |42 |310 |364 |<ref name="autogenerated1" /> |- |8 |50 |226 |284 | |- |Embraer ERJ-145 |8 |&#x2014; |&#x2014; |&#x2014; |50 |50 |Nke Air Peace Hopper na-arụ ọrụ<ref>{{Cite web|author=|first=|date=2020-10-11|title=Air Peace Takes Delivery of Another ERJ-145 Aircraft|url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2020/10/11/air-peace-takes-delivery-of-another-erj-145-aircraft/|archiveurl=|archivedate=|accessdate=2021-01-28|work=THISDAYLIVE}}</ref> |- |Embraer E195-E2 |5 |8 |&#x2014; |12 |112 |124 |<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2021/09/air-peace-airline-receives-4th-brand-new-embraer-195-e2-aircraft/|title=Air Peace airline receives 4th brand new Embraer 195-E2 aircraft|date=23 September 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/air-peace-orders-up-to-30-e195-e2s-457192/|title=Air Peace orders up to 30 E195-E2s|date=2019-04-03|work=flightglobal|accessdate=2019-04-03|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Embraer delivers first E195-E2 aircraft Nigerian carrier Air Peace|url=https://www.aerospace-technology.com/news/embraer-air-peace-nigeria/|accessdate=2021-01-28|work=www.aerospace-technology.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://nigerianflightdeck.com/air-peace-takes-delivery-of-2nd-brand-new-embraer-jet-calls-on-customs-to-respect-gazetted-laws/|title=Air Peace takes delivery of 2nd brand new Embraer jet, calls on customs to respect gazetted laws|date=18 March 2021|accessdate=19 September 2022|archivedate=9 December 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20221209031009/https://nigerianflightdeck.com/air-peace-takes-delivery-of-2nd-brand-new-embraer-jet-calls-on-customs-to-respect-gazetted-laws/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.embraercommercialaviation.com/news/first-e2-delivery-to-air-peace/|title=First E2 Delivery to Air Peace - the E195-E2 for Nigeria market|accessdate=2022-09-19|archivedate=2023-02-06|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230206063420/https://www.embraercommercialaviation.com/news/first-e2-delivery-to-air-peace/}}</ref> |- !Ngụkọta !33 !18 ! colspan="5" | |} N'ọnwa Eprel na afọ 2021, Chief Operations Officer nke Air Peace kwuru na 17 n'ime ụgbọelu ha kwụsịrị maka ebumnuche mmezi, si otú a belata ụgbọelu na-arụ ọrụ na naanị ụgbọelu 8.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://centreforaviation.com/news/air-peace-awaiting-return-of-17-aircraft-from-overseas-maintenance-1063555|title=Air Peace awaiting return of 17 aircraft from overseas maintenance|publisher=CAPA Center for Aviation|date=19 April 2021}}</ref> == Ihe mberede na ihe omume == === Nchegbu nchekwa na mkpuchi === N'afọ 2019, ụlọ ọrụ nyocha ihe mberede (Nigeria) boro Air Peace ebubo na ọ na-aga n'ihu na-akọ akụkọ ihe mere eme na ihe mberede metụtara ụgbọelu ya. Ụfọdụ okwu ndị AIB depụtara gụnyere enweghị ike ịkọ ihe omume ndị kpatara mmebi na ihichapụ Cockpit Voice Recorders tupu ịkọ ihe omume. A kpọtụrụ njikwa ụgbọelu ahụ aha maka "iji aka ha [na-emezughị] ịgbaso" iwu ụlọ ọrụ ahụ, a kọwakwara na njikwa "enweghị nghọta zuru oke nke iwu iwu iwu".<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://saharareporters.com/2019/06/11/air-peace-concealed-major-aircraft-incidents-us-%E2%80%93-aib|title=Air Peace Concealed Major Aircraft Incidents|publisher=Sahara Reporters|date=11 June 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://nigeriannewsdirect.com/aib-slams-air-peace-over-failure-to-report-incident/|title=AIB slams Air Peace over failure to report incident|publisher=Nigerian News Direct|date=12 June 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://nairametrics.com/2019/06/11/investigation-exposes-how-air-peace-allegedly-shields-its-aircraft-from-probe/|title=Investigation exposes how Air Peace allegedly shields its aircraft from probe|publisher=NairaMetrics|date=11 June 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://onemileatatime.com/air-peace-safe/|title=Is Air Peace safe?|work=One Mile at a Time|date=23 July 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://nigerianflightdeck.com/aib-accuses-air-peace-of-failure-to-report-serious-incidents-to-bureau/|title=AIB accuses Air Peace of failure to report serious incidents to Bureau|publisher=Nigerian Flight Deck|date=10 June 2019}}</ref> === Ndepụta nke ihe mberede na ihe ndị siri ike === * N'abalị iri na abụọ n'ọnwa Machị n'afọ 2016, ụgbọelu Air Peace Boeing 737 si Port Harcourt gaa [[Murtala Muhammed International Airport|Lagos]] mere ọdịda mberede na Port Harcoort na-esochi ihe ngosi nke anwụrụ ọkụ. A kpọpụrụ ụgbọelu ahụ site na slides ma ọ nweghị nnukwu mmerụ ahụ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://avherald.com/h?article=49551c44&opt=0|title=Incident: Peace B735 at Port Harcourt on Mar 12th 2016, false smoke detector indication|work=avherald.com}}</ref> * N'abalị iri na anọ n'ọnwa Disemba afọ 2018, ụgbọelu Air Peace Boeing 737 si [[Murtala Muhammed International Airport|Lagos]] gaa Enugu na ndị njem 130 na ndị ọrụ 6 nwere nsogbu nke nrụgide ụlọ na 31000 ụkwụ. Ọ bụ ezie na a na-etinye ihe mkpuchi oxygen, ndị ọrụ ahụ họọrọ ịga n'ihu n'ụgbọelu ahụ mgbe ha gbadatara na mberede. A gwọrọ ndị njem abụọ maka nsogbu ndị metụtara decompression.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://avherald.com/h?article=4c4d759d&opt=0|title=Accident: Peace B733 near Enugu on Dec 14th 2018, loss of cabin pressure|work=avherald.com|accessdate=Sep 18, 2019}}</ref> * N'abalị iri na ise n'ọnwa Mee n'afọ 2019, ụgbọelu Air Peace Boeing 737 si Port Harcourt gaa [[Murtala Muhammed International Airport|Lagos]] nwere nsogbu siri ike nke mere ka njin engine na ihe na-ada. Ụgbọelu ahụ kwụsịrị, ọ bụ ezie na ọ nweghị mmerụ ahụ a kọrọ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://avherald.com/h?article=4c916624&opt=0|title=Accident: Peace B733 at Lagos on May 15th 2019, hard landing and engine pod strike|work=avherald.com|accessdate=Sep 18, 2019}}</ref> * Na 22 Junn, na afọ 2019, ụgbọelu Air Peace Boeing 737 nwere ndị njem 87 na ndị ọrụ 6 site na [[Nnamdi Azikiwe International Airport|Abuja]] gaa Port Harcourt si n'okporo ụzọ ụgbọ elu ahụ pụọ mgbe ọ na-ada n'oké mmiri ozuzo wee zuo ike n'apịtị dị nro.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://avherald.com/h?article=4c985b51&opt=0|title=Incident: Peace B735 at Port Harcourt on Jun 22nd 2019, runway excursion on landing|work=avherald.com|accessdate=Sep 18, 2019}}</ref> * N'abalị iri abụọ na atọ n'ọnwa Julaị n'afọ 2019, ụgbọelu Air Peace Boeing 737 nke nwere ndị njem 133 na ndị ọrụ 6 dara n'okporo ụzọ ụgbọ elu [[Murtala Muhammed International Airport|Lagos]] 18R mana ọ tara ahụhụ siri ike na-eme ka ụkwụ abụọ nke imi kewapụ onwe ha na ụkwụ ihu. Ụgbọelu ahụ kwụsịrị n'okporo ụzọ ụgbọ elu na ụkwụ ndị isi na ihe ndị ọzọ dị n'imi. E nwere otu obere mmerụ ahụ. Ụgbọelu ahụ nwere nnukwu mmebi dị ka ụzọ ụgbọ elu.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://avherald.com/h?article=4cab4105&opt=1|title=Accident: Peace B733 at Lagos on Jul 23rd 2019, hard landing causes nose wheels to separate|work=avherald.com|accessdate=2019-07-23}}</ref> * N'ụbọchị nke ise n'ọnwa Nọvemba, na afọ 2019, ụgbọelu Air Peace Boeing 737 nwere ndị njem 90 na ndị ọrụ 6 nwere nsogbu engine na-aga site na [[Murtala Muhammed International Airport|Lagos]] ruo Owerri. Ụgbọelu ahụ laghachiri Lagos ebe ọ dara n'enweghị nsogbu ọzọ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.flightglobal.com/safety/nigerian-bureau-probes-another-air-peace-737-incident/135446.article|title=Nigerian bureau probes another Air Peace 737 incident|work=FlightGlobal|accessdate=2019-11-19}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://avherald.com/h?article=4cee7dc0&opt=0|title=Incident: Peace B735 at Lagos on Nov 5th 2019, engine shut down in flight|work=Aviation Herald}}</ref> * N'abalị iri abụọ na anọ n'ọnwa Julaị n'afọ 2021, ụgbọelu Air Peace Boeing 737 si [[Nnamdi Azikiwe International Airport|Abuja]] gaa Ilorin nwere taya na-agbaji ma nwee nkwarụ n'okporo ụzọ mgbe ọ dabara. E mechiri ọdụ ụgbọ elu ahụ ruo mgbe a ga-ewepụ ụgbọelu ahụ mebiri emebi n'ụzọ dị nchebe.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://avherald.com/h?article=4ead082a&opt=0|title=Incident: Peace B735 at Ilorin on Jul 24th 2021, burst nose gear tyre on landing|work=Aviation Herald}}</ref> * N'abalị iri abụọ na abụọ n'ọnwa Nọvemba, na afọ 2021, ụgbọelu Air Peace Boeing 737 nwere ndị njem 95 na ndị ọrụ 6 na-efe site na Owerri gaa [[Murtala Muhammed International Airport|Lagos]] kọrọ na injin dara ma chee na ọkụ ọkụ ozugbo ọ hapụrụ. Ndị ọrụ ahụ laghachiri n'enweghị nsogbu iji daa na Owerri na otu injin.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://aib.gov.ng/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/Preliminary-Report_Air-Peace-5N-BUQ.pdf|title=Serious Incident Preliminary Report 5N-BUQ 22nd November 2021|publisher=AIB Nigeria|accessdate=26 April 2022|archivedate=26 April 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220426162406/https://aib.gov.ng/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/Preliminary-Report_Air-Peace-5N-BUQ.pdf}}</ref> == Ihe odide == <references group="" responsive="1"></references> == Njikọ mpụga == * Media related to Air Peace at Wikimedia Commons * [http://www.flyairpeace.com/ Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ gọọmentị] i9jwdrphifspcm4gr8qi1tevjg5qykl 0 20158 644542 406721 2026-05-31T06:36:23Z Geraldine Kene 23189 Fixed reference error 644542 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Usòrò:1_-_Hamburg_1._Mai_2014_06.JPG|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/1_-_Hamburg_1._Mai_2014_06.JPG/240px-1_-_Hamburg_1._Mai_2014_06.JPG|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|240x240px|Ndị na-eto eto na-eme mkpesa maka enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa na Hamburg.]] '''Enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa''' bụ ọnọdụ nke ndị na-eto eto na-achọ ọrụ, mana ha enweghị ike ịchọta ọrụ, ebe afọ dị iche iche bụ nke United Nations kọwara dị ka afọ nke iri na ise rue afọ iri abụọ na anọ. A na-akọwa onye na-enweghị ọrụ dị ka onye na-adịghị arụ ọrụ mana ọ na-achọsi ọrụ ike. Iji ruo eruo dị ka onye na-enweghị ọrụ maka nyocha gọọmentị na ọnụ ọgụgụ, onye ahụ ga-enwerịrị enweghị ọrụ, dị njikere ma nwee ike ịrụ ọrụ, nke "afọ ọrụ" a họpụtara (nke na-abụkarị site na ndị nọ n'afọ iri na ụma ruo n'etiti afọ iri isii gaba n' iru) ma na-achọsi ọrụ ike. Ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị na-eto eto na-enweghị ọrụ na-adịkarị elu karịa ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị okenye na mba ọ bụla n'ụwa. A kọwawo enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa dị ka ihe dị mkpa, ma ọ bụrụ na ọ bụghị isi ihe na-akpali mgbanwe, ọgba aghara ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na ọha mmadụ, na esemokwu megide usoro na steeti. N'akụkọ ihe mere eme, a na-ejikọta ya na ọgba aghara na mgbanwe ma ọ bụ ịkwatu ọchịchị na mgbanwe ọha na eze, na esemokwu dị ka Arab Spring, agha obodo Russia na mgbanwe French niile na-esite n'ụzọ dị ukwuu n'enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa.<ref>{{Cite journal|url=https://doi.org/10.1177/110330881001800304|title=Mungiki as youth movement: Revolution, gender and generational politics in Nairobi, Kenya|first=Jacob|author=Rasmussen|date=1 August 2010|journal=Young|volume=18|issue=3|pages=301–319|doi=10.1177/110330881001800304}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/1468-2397.00207|title=Youth, unemployment and political marginalisation|first=Ann-Helén|author=Bay|date=27 June 2002|journal=International Journal of Social Welfare|volume=11|issue=2|pages=132–139|doi=10.1111/1468-2397.00207}}</ref><ref>[http://www.csps.org.bn/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/CSPS-Journal-Vol7-July-2019.pdf#page=9 The Fourth Industrial Revolution, Job Futures and Policy Implications for Reducing Youth Unemployment in Brunei by: Darussalam Diana Cheong]</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|url=https://www.academia.edu/31241318|first=Andrea|author=Ansani|title=About a Revolution: The Economic Motivations of the Arab Spring|journal=International Journal of Development and Conflict|year=2012|volume=2|issue=3|pages=1250013|doi=10.1142/S2010269012500135}}</ref> == Ihe ndị mere n'oge gara aga == [[Usòrò:Youth_Unemployment_rate_in_OECD.svg|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Youth_Unemployment_rate_in_OECD.svg/500px-Youth_Unemployment_rate_in_OECD.svg.png|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|500x500px|Ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị na-eto eto na-enweghị ọrụ na mba OECD (afọ 15-24)]] E nwere ijeri ndị ntorobịa 1.2 n'ụwa niile dị n'agbata afọ iri na ise ga ruo afọ iri abụọ na anọ, nke mejupụtara pesenti iri na asaa nke ndị bi n'ụwa. Pesenti iri asatọ na asaa n'ime ha bi na mba ndị na-emepe emepe.<ref name="unworldyouthreport.org">{{Cite web|url=http://www.unworldyouthreport.org/|title=UN World Youth Report 2012. The UN Focal Point for Youth, 2012|accessdate=17 December 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141213062319/http://www.unworldyouthreport.org/|archivedate=13 December 2014}}</ref><ref name="unworldyouthreport.org" /> Afọ ole United Nations kọwapụtara na-ekwu maka oge agụmakwụkwọ iwu na-akwụsị ruo mgbe ọ dị afọ iri abụọ na ano.<ref name="unworldyouthreport.org" /><ref name="Portrait13Countries">{{Cite journal|author=Martin|first=Gary|title=A portrait of the youth labor market in 13 countries, 1980-2007|journal=Monthly Labor Review|date=July 2009|pages=3–21}}</ref> Nkọwa a ka na-ese okwu n'ihi na ọ bụghị naanị na ọ na-emetụta ọnụ ọgụgụ enweghị ọrụ kamakwa ọ na-arụ ọrụ dị mkpa na ngwọta ndị ndị na-eme iwu n'ụwa. Nnukwu arụmụka abụọ na-aga n'ihu taa. Nke mbụ, ịkọwa afọ nke ndị ntorobịa abụghị ihe doro anya dị ka o yiri. Echiche abụọ na-achịkwa arụmụka a. Enwere ike ịhụ ndị ntorobịa dị ka ọkwa dị n'etiti afọ iri na ụma na ogo mmadụ ma ọ bụ dị ka otu ndị na-ewu ewu na mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya, na-eme ka o sie ike ịmepụta ọgbọ dị n'agbata mba.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Gough|first=Katherine V.|title=Youth employment in a globalising world|journal=International Development Planning Review|year=2013|volume=35|issue=2|doi=10.3828/idpr.2013.7|url=https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/20614}}</ref><ref name="Youth employment-globalising world">{{Cite journal|author=Gough|first=Katherine V.|title=Youth employment in a globalising world|journal=International Development Planning Review|year=2013|volume=35|issue=2|pages=91–102|doi=10.3828/idpr.2013.7|url=https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/20614}}</ref> Nke abụọ, nkọwa nke enweghị ọrụ n'onwe ya na-eduga na ohere nke ịghara ịkọwa ọtụtụ ndị na-eto eto hapụrụ ọrụ. A na-ewere ndị na-enweghị ọrụ ma na-achọghị ọrụ na-adịghị arụ ọrụ na ụmụ nwanyị na-adịghị eme ihe, ya mere a na-ewepụ ha na ọnụ ọgụgụ enweghị ọrụ.<ref name="books.google.fr">[https://books.google.com/books?id=NxmmxZcrRPYC&pg=PA194&lpg=PA194&dq=unemployment+statistics+young+people+not+actively+seeking+work&source=bl&ots=2PdN2Ka1uf&sig=m_QusYEh8TYyxt6hTz3sYNfuT2M&hl=en&sa=X&ei=xAuQVIDOPMb2UOvvgLAH&ved=0CD8Q6AEwAw#v=onepage&q=unemployment%20statistics%20young%20people%20not%20actively%20seeking%20work&f=false Youth and Skills: Putting Education to Work], UNESCO, 2012</ref> Ntinye ha ga-eme ka ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị na-enweghị ọrụ dịkwuo elu.<ref name="books.google.fr" />{{Clear}} == Ihe Ndị Na-akpata enweghị ọrụ == E nwere ọtụtụ ihe dị mgbagwoju anya na-akpata enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa. N'etiti ha, ogo na mkpa nke agụmakwụkwọ, ahịa ọrụ na iwu na-adịghị agbanwe agbanwe, nke na-emepụta ọnọdụ enyemaka na ịdabere, bụ isi ihe kpatara ya a tụlere taa. === Site na agụmakwụkwọ banye n'ọrụ: nsogbu nkà === A na-elekarị àgwà na mkpa agụmakwụkwọ anya dị ka isi ihe kpatara enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa. N'afọ puku abụọ na iri , na iri abụọ na ise n'ime mba iri abụọ na asaa mepere emepe, ọnụ ọgụgụ kachasị elu nke enweghị ọrụ dị n'etiti ndị nwere agụmakwụkwọ praịmarị ma ọ bụ obere. N'agbanyeghị nke ahụ, agụmakwụkwọ dị elu anaghị ekwe nkwa ọrụ dị mma. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, na [[Tunisia]], pesenti iri anọ na asaa nke ndị gụsịrị akwụkwọ na mahadum enweghị ọrụ na pesenti iri abụọ na anọ nke ndị na-agụsị akwụkwọ.<ref name="weforum.org" /> Nke a na-emetụta ụmụ agbọghọ gụrụ akwụkwọ nke ọma karịsịa. "Na [[Turkéy|Turkey]], ọnụ ọgụgụ enweghị ọrụ n'etiti ụmụ nwanyị gụrụ akwụkwọ na mahadum karịrị okpukpu atọ karịa nke ụmụ nwoke gụrụ akwụkwọ mahadum; na Iran na United Arab Emirates, ọ fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ okpukpu atọ; na Saudi Arabia, ọ bụ okpukpu asatọ".<ref name="weforum.org" /> E wezụga mkpa ọ dị iji hụ na ọ na-enweta mmadụ niile, agụmakwụkwọ anaghị adaba nke ọma na mkpa nke ahịa ọrụ, nke na-eduga na nsonaazụ abụọ: enweghị ike maka ndị na-eto eto ịchọta ọrụ na enweghị ike maka onye were ha n'ọrụ iji nweta nkà ha chọrọ. Gwakọta ya na nsogbu akụ na ụba na enweghị ọrụ zuru oke n'ọtụtụ mba, ọ kpatara ọnụ ọgụgụ enweghị ọrụ dị elu gburugburu ụwa na mmepe nke nsogbu nkà. Nnyocha na-atụ aro na ihe ruru ọkara nke azụmaahịa niile nwere ọnọdụ mepere emepe nke ha na-agba mbọ ịchọta ndị ruru eru.<ref name="ReferenceA">City & Guilds Centre for Skills Development, Skills Development, Attitudes and Perceptions, March 2008</ref> Otu nnyocha zuru ụwa ọnụ chọpụtara na ihe karịrị pesenti iri ise na ise nke ndị were mmadụ n'ọrụ n'ụwa niile kwenyere na enwere "nsogbu nkà" ka azụmaahịa na-ahụ enweghị nkwekọ na-arịwanye elu n'etiti nkà ụmụ akwụkwọ na-amụta na usoro agụmakwụkwọ na ndị achọrọ n'ebe ọrụ.<ref name="ReferenceA" /> Maka ọtụtụ gọọmentị, otu ajụjụ dị mkpa bụ otu ha ga-esi dozie ọdịiche a ma hụ na ndị na-eto eto nwere nkà ndị were ha n'ọrụ na-achọ. === Ahịa ọrụ na iwu === [[Usòrò:Labour-market-Supply-demand-Unemployment-cs.svg|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Labour-market-Supply-demand-Unemployment-cs.svg/220px-Labour-market-Supply-demand-Unemployment-cs.svg.png|thumb|Ahịa ọrụ-Supply-demand-Unemployment-cs]] Nke mbụ, ọkwa dị elu nke iwu nchedo ọrụ na-eme ka ndị were mmadụ n'ọrụ kpachara anya banyere iwe ihe karịrị ọnụ ọgụgụ dị ala nke ndị ọrụ n'ọrụ, ebe ọ bụ na enweghị ike ịchụ ha n'ọrụ n'oge nkwụsịtụ, ma ọ bụ chụpụ ha ma ọ bụrụ na onye ọrụ ọhụrụ ga-abụ onye na-enweghị mkpali ma ọ bụ onye na-erughị eru. Nke abụọ, mmepe nke ụdị ọrụ nwa oge dị ka internships, ọrụ oge na nkwekọrịta nwa oge ahapụla ndị ọrụ na-eto eto n'ọnọdụ dị egwu. N'ihi na ọrụ ha bụ nkwekọrịta nwa oge, ndị ntorobịa na-abụkarị ndị mbụ a chụrụ n'ọrụ mgbe ụlọ ọrụ na-ebelata.<ref name="ScarredGen"/><ref name="Portrait13Countries"/><ref name="RussianCrises">{{Cite journal|author=Demidova|first=Olga|title=The Impact of Crises on Youth Unemployment of Russian Regions: An Empirical Analyssi|journal=China-USA Business Review|date=July 2011|volume=10|issue=7|pages=471–507}}</ref> Ọ bụrụ na a chụọ ha n'ọrụ, ndị ntorobịa anaghị eru eru maka ịkwụ ụgwọ n'ihi na ha na ụlọ ọrụ ahụ na-arụ ọrụ naanị obere oge.<ref name="Furlong">{{Cite book|author=Furlong|first=Andy|title=Youth Studies: An Introduction|year=2012|publisher=Routledge|location=New York, N.Y.|pages=72–97}}</ref> Ozugbo ọrụ a gwụchara, ọtụtụ na-ahụ onwe ha na-enweghị ọrụ na enweghị ihe ịga nke ọma na ọchụchọ ọrụ. Otú ọ dị, ụfọdụ ndị ntorobịa na-abanye n'ọrụ na nwa oge n'oge agụmakwụkwọ tertiary. Ọnụ ọgụgụ a dị ala na mba ndị dị ka [[Italy|Ịtali]], Spain na [[France]] mana na United States ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ otu ụzọ n'ụzọ atọ nke ụmụ akwụkwọ na-ejikọta agụmakwụkwọ na ọrụ.<ref name="Portrait13Countries" /> A malitere ịjụ ajụjụ maka izi ezi nke nnwale ọrụ . Ebumnuche nke nnwale ọrụ bụ ikwe ka ụmụ akwụkwọ ma ọ bụ ndị gụsịrị akwụkwọ na nso nso a nweta ahụmịhe ọrụ na akwụkwọ ozi ndụmọdụ iji gbakwunye na coricolum vitee ha. Otú ọ dị, ọtụtụ ndị na-arụ ọrụ na-eme mkpesa na ha na-arụ naanị ọrụ grunt-ọrụ, kama ịmụta ihe ọmụma na nkà dị mkpa. Ma ọ bụ na ọnọdụ ndị a na-emezi emebi iwu gọọmentị etiti nke dị iji chịkwaa mmemme dịka ọzụzụ ka ga-ahụ. Otú ọ dị, ọrụ nkuzi ahụ yiri ka ọ bụ naanị ihe ọzọ dị irè maka itinye ọrụ maka onye na-eto eto. N'enweghị mmụba ọrụ ọ bụla, ọnụ ọgụgụ enweghị ọrụ n'etiti ndị ka si na kọleji pụta na njedebe nke ndị ntorobịa dị afọ 15-24 bụ ihe dịka 13.2% ka ọ na-erule n'ọnwa Eprel 2012.<ref name="Greenhouse">{{Cite news|author=Greenhouse|first=Steven|title=Jobs Few, Grads Flock to Unpaid Internships|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2012/05/06/business/unpaid-internships-dont-always-deliver.html?pagewanted=all&_r=1&|work=The New York Times|date=5 May 2012|accessdate=24 October 2013}}</ref> === Enyemaka na ịdabere === Ọtụtụ mba gburugburu ụwa na-enye enyemaka ego iji kwado ndị ntorobịa na-enweghị ọrụ ruo mgbe ahịa ọrụ na ọnọdụ akụ na ụba ka mma. Ọ bụ ezie na nkwado a nwere njikọ chiri anya na ọrụ n'ihe gbasara ịchọ ọrụ na ọzụzụ, ọ dugara na arụmụka na-apụta ma ọ na-emepụta ịdabere n'etiti ndị ntorobịa ma nwee mmetụta na-emerụ ha.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=jwHvDIm-TToC&pg=PA160&lpg=PA160&dq=youth+unemployment+income+assistance+and+dependency&source=bl&ots=QiJlrLlOBx&sig=NWrHw0iIYGAwjiIfxxj_tVLhz-w&hl=en&sa=X&ei=TxmQVNHgOsn4UPCqhLAI&ved=0CFIQ6AEwCQ#v=onepage&q=youth%20unemployment%20income%20assistance%20and%20dependency&f=false Handbook of Youth and Young Adulthood: New Perspectives and Agendas], Andy Furlong, 2009</ref> Na Septemba 2014, David Cameron kwupụtara na ọ ga-ebelata ụlọ na uru ọrụ maka ndị dị afọ 18 ruo 21 site na £ 3,000 ruo £ 23,000 iji belata ịdabere na enyemaka gọọmentị ma weghachite ego na mmemme ndị a lekwasịrị anya maka ohere mmụta na ọzụzụ. == HụNnyocha ikpe == Ahụmahụ nke enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa dịgasị iche site na mba ruo mba. Nkọwa nke ndị ntorobịa nwekwara ike ịdịgasị iche site na mba ruo mba ya mere nyocha nke mba ụfọdụ na-enye nghọta ka ukwuu banyere ihe kpatara na nsonaazụ nke enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa. === Afrịka === Obodo ndị nọ na Afriika Kọwara ndị ntorobịa dịka ndị nke sitere na afọ iri na ise rue na agbata afọ iri ato nke pụrụ iche na ọtụtụ nke otu nke United Nations.<ref name="Youth employment-globalising world"/> Obodo ndị nọ Afriika nwere ọnụ Ọgụgụ dị nta nke iji tụnyere mpaghara ụwa ndị ọzọ nke pụtara na nsogbu nke ndị ntorobịa enweghị ọrụ na mpaghara ụwa dị oké mkpa. Na agba nyeghị na enweghi ọrụ nke ndị ntorobịa dị elu, nkea emeghị ka ihe kpatara enweghị ọrụ bụrụ ihe amara nke Ọma, otutu ihe bụ ihe na akpata enweghị ọrụ, ihe ndị dịka ihe eji aluputa dị ụkọ, ma ọ bụ enweghị ezigbo nzere na agụmakwụkwọ, na emetụta ndị okenye na kwa ụmụntakịrị na mpaghara ụwa Afriika ke.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Irwin|first=Stacie|title=How youth-specific is Africa's youth employment challenge?|journal=Knowledge for Development (K4D) Emerging Issues Report|year=2018|url=https://opendocs.ids.ac.uk/opendocs/bitstream/handle/123456789/13861/How_youth-specific_is_Africa%E2%80%99s_youth_employment_challenge.pdf}}</ref> ihe ruru nde puku abụọ ndị mmadụ na mpaghara ụwa Afriika ndị nke no agbata afọ iri na ise rue agbata afọ iri abụọ na anọ. Ọnụ Ọgụgụ aka bụ nke ele were anya ka ọ mụbaa na otú ọhabu site n' ugbua rue na afọ iri atọ na abia abịa.<ref name="Youth employment-globalising world" /> N' ihe dịka n' afọ puku abụọ na otu na puku abụọ na iri, obodo ndị nọ na Afrịka kwuputara ụfọdụ obodo ndị akụ na ụba ha n' eto ngwa ngwa.<ref name="Youth employment-globalising world" /> Na Afriika , ozi nke ndị ntorobịa n' enweta site na ụlọ akwụkwọ na ndị okenye bụ ka ha bụrụ ndị na emepụta ọrụ karịa ịbụ ndị na achọ ọrụ nke na akwado ha ị bụ ndị mmepụta ọrụ ma ọ bụ ndị nọrọ nke ha.<ref name="Youth employment-globalising world" /> Kwa afọ , ọnụ ọgụgụ ruru nde iri na abụọ bụ ndị sitere na Mahadum na abanye n<nowiki>' ọgbọ ịchọ ọrụ ma nanị nde atọ n'ime ha n' enweta ọrụ. Nkea na egosi na '' ogugo ugwu nke ndị ntorobịa n' enweghị ọrụ na amụ a kwa afọ''</nowiki>. of them are getting jobs.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Bank|first=African Development|date=2020-01-30|title=African Economic Outlook 2020: Africa's economy forecast to grow despite external shocks|url=https://www.afdb.org/en/news-and-events/press-releases/african-economic-outlook-2020-africas-economy-forecast-grow-despite-external-shocks-33839|accessdate=2020-09-21|work=African Development Bank - Building today, a better Africa tomorrow|language=en}}</ref> === Armenia === Ọ bụ ihe na-adọrọ mmasị ịhụ ọnụ ọgụgụ dị elu nke enweghị ọrụ n'etiti ndị na-eto eto Armenia (34%), ọ bụ ezie na ọnụ ọgụgụ dị ukwuu nke ndị ntorobịa Armenia gụrụ akwụkwọ nke ọma. Ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ 99% nke ndị bi na ya agwụla agụmakwụkwọ sekọndrị, na 33.4% nwetara agụmakwụkwọ mahadum / kọleji.<ref>Serrière, N., 2014. [online] Un.am. Available at: https://web.archive.org/web/20151208111525/http://www.un.am/up/library/Labor%20Market_Armenia_eng.pdf</ref> Akụkụ dị ukwuu nke ndị na-enweghị ọrụ bụ ndị nwere ọkwa agụmakwụkwọ dị ala; Otú ọ dị, pasentị nke ndị na'enweghị ọrụ n'etiti ndị na-eto eto gụrụ akwụkwọ dịkwa elu. N'ozuzu, otu n'ime isi nsogbu na ahịa ọrụ Armenia bụ enweghị nkwekọ n'etiti nnyefe na ọchịchọ. Ọnọdụ dị elu nke enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa bụ ihe kachasị mkpa n'ọhịa ọrụ. Na Armenia, ọnụ ọgụgụ enweghị ọrụ n'etiti ndị dị afọ 1524 bụ 32.6% na 2019. Dị ka nnyocha ahụ si kwuo, 64,6% nke ụmụ okorobịa na 52.3% nke ụmụ nwanyị dị afọ 1925 na-arụ ọrụ.<ref>Armstat. (2020). Labour force survey. https://www.armstat.am/file/article/trud_2020_9.pdf</ref> Nnyocha ahụ gosikwara na ndị ntorobịa anaghị etinye aka na ụlọ ọrụ na mmepụta kemịkal, ọ bụ ezie na a chọrọ ndị ntorobịa n'ógbè ndị ahụ. === Canada === Ọnọdụ akụ na ụba [[Kánada|Canada]] emegidewo ndakpọ akụ na ụba ụwa karịa ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ. Mana n'afọ gara aga, 14.3% nke ndị ntorobịa Canada enweghị ọrụ, site na 11.2% na 2007 ma jiri okpukpu abụọ nke ọnụ ọgụgụ na-enweghị ọrụ nke mba ugbu a nke 7.2%, dị ka Statistics Canada si kwuo. Nke ahụ bụ nnukwu ọdịiche dị n'etiti ndị ntorobịa na ndị okenye na-enweghị ọrụ kemgbe 1977.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.ca/2013/10/07/youth-unemployment_n_4059291.html|title=Unemployment Plagues Young People Around The World|work=Huffington Post|date=7 October 2013|accessdate=24 June 2016|author=Mohamed Omar|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160812195705/http://www.huffingtonpost.ca/2013/10/07/youth-unemployment_n_4059291.html|archivedate=12 August 2016}}</ref> Onye gụsịrị akwụkwọ na sekọndrị na-ebu $ 28,000 n'ụgwọ ụmụ akwụkwọ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.ca/2013/07/10/youth-unemployment-canada_n_3574151.html|title=Unemployment 'Scarring' Youth And Parents, Liberals Say|work=Huffington Post|date=10 July 2013|accessdate=24 June 2016|author=CBC|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160812185322/http://www.huffingtonpost.ca/2013/07/10/youth-unemployment-canada_n_3574151.html|archivedate=12 August 2016}}</ref> Ọnụ ọgụgụ enweghị ọrụ maka ndị na-eto eto Canada bụ ihe dị ka okpukpu abụọ karịa nke ndị ọzọ bi na ya.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.ca/2012/03/28/youth-job-centres-shut-canada_n_1384502.html|title=Students Slam Ottawa For Shutting Youth Job Centres|work=Huffington Post|date=28 March 2012|accessdate=24 June 2016|author=CBC|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160812175709/http://www.huffingtonpost.ca/2012/03/28/youth-job-centres-shut-canada_n_1384502.html|archivedate=12 August 2016}}</ref> Na mpaghara kachasị ukwuu na Canada, Ontario, ọnụ ọgụgụ enweghị ọrụ maka ndị nọ n'agbata afọ 15 na 24 dị ihe dị ka 13%. Pasentị nke ndị ntorobịa nọ na Ontario ndị nwere ọrụ n'ezie arịghi karịa 52% n'afọ a. Ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị ntorobịa na-enweghị ọrụ na Toronto dị na 18%, mana naanị 43% nke ndị ntorobịa nọ n'ógbè ahụ na-arụ ọrụ, ọnụ ọgụgụ kachasị ala na mpaghara ahụ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://o.canada.com/business/ontario-facing-chronic-youth-unemployment|title=Ontario faces "chronic" youth unemployment|work=canada.com|date=27 September 2013|accessdate=24 June 2016|author=Peter Lozinski|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160919035507/http://o.canada.com/business/ontario-facing-chronic-youth-unemployment|archivedate=19 September 2016}}</ref> === Njikọ Europe === N'ihi nnukwu ndalata akụ na ụba na Europe, na 2009, naanị 15% nke ụmụ nwoke na 10% nke ụmụ nwanyị nọ n'agbata afọ 1619 na-arụ ọrụ oge niile. Ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị na-eto eto na-arụ ọrụ na European Union ruru ala ala nke 32.9% na ọkara mbụ nke afọ 2011.<ref>Furlong, Andy. "Chapter 4." Youth Studies an Introduction. Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge, 2013. 75. Print.</ref> N'ime mba ndị dị na European Union, Germany na-apụta na ọnụego dị ala nke 7.9%.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Tse|first=Terence|title=Demystifying Youth Unemployment|journal=World Economics|year=2013|volume=14|issue=3}}</ref> Ụfọdụ ndị nkatọ na-ekwu na mbelata nke enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa malitere ọbụna tupu ndakpọ akụ na ụba, mba ndị dị ka Gris na Spain. N'ọnwa Ọktoba 2019, nde mmadụ 3.2 (n'okpuru afọ 25) enweghị ọrụ na EU-28, nke nde 2.26 nọ na mpaghara euro. Ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị na-eto eto na-enweghị ọrụ bụ 14.4% na EU-28 na 15.6% na mpaghara euro, ma e jiri ya tụnyere ihe dị ka 25% na 2013. A hụrụ ọnụ ọgụgụ kachasị ala na [[Chekia|Czechia]] (5.5%) na Germany (5.8%) , ebe edere ọnụ ọgụgụ kachasị elu na Gris (33.1% na nkeji iri na ise nke 2019), Spain (32.8%) na Ịtali (27.8%).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php?title=Unemployment_statistics|title=Unemployment statistics|work=ec.europa.eu}}</ref> Mba dị iche iche ewepụtala atụmatụ Nkwado Ndị Ntorobịa na-elekwasị anya na enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ec.europa.eu/social/home.jsp?langId=en|title=Employment, Social Affairs & Inclusion - European Commission|work=ec.europa.eu}}</ref> === France === N'afọ 2017, ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị ntorobịa na-enweghị ọrụ na France bụ 22.3%, nke dị elu ma e jiri ya tụnyere ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị na-enweghị ihe ọ bụla nke 8.9%.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://data.oecd.org/unemp/unemployment-rate.htm#indicator-chart|title=Unemployment - Unemployment rate - OECD Data|work=theOECD|language=en|accessdate=5 May 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170902134800/https://data.oecd.org/unemp/unemployment-rate.htm#indicator-chart|archivedate=2 September 2017}}</ref> France nwere otu n'ime ọnụ ọgụgụ kachasị elu nke enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa n'etiti mba EU, na-esote Gris, Spain, Ịtali na [[Portugal]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://data.oecd.org/unemp/youth-unemployment-rate.htm#indicator-chart|title=Unemployment - Youth unemployment rate - OECD Data|work=theOECD|language=en|accessdate=5 May 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180506173509/https://data.oecd.org/unemp/youth-unemployment-rate.htm#indicator-chart|archivedate=6 May 2018}}</ref> BụỌnọdụ agụmakwụkwọ bụ ihe na-emetụta enweghị ọrụ maka ndị ntorobịa France. Ndị na-abanyeghị na mmemme agụmakwụkwọ ka elu nwere ọnụọgụ ọrụ nke 30% nke dị ala ma e jiri ya tụnyere ọnụọgụ ndị ọrụ nke ihe karịrị 80% maka ndị batara na agụmakwụkwọ dị elu.<ref name=":02">Cahuc, Pierre; Carcillo, Stéphane; Zimmermann, Klaus F. (2013) : The Employment of the Low-Skilled Youth in France, IZA Policy Paper, No. 64, Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA), Bonn</ref> France na-enwetakwa ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu nke ndị na-ahapụ ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị, na-akpata ọnụ ọgụgụ dị elu nke ndị ọrụ ntorobịa na-enweghị nkà. Enweghị ọzụzụ ọrụ aka ma ọ bụ nkà zuru oke nke ndị were mmadụ n'ọrụ na-achọ, ọtụtụ ndị ntorobịa France enweghị nhọrọ maka ọrụ.<ref name=":02" /> Okwu a nke enweghị ọrụ anọwo na atụmatụ French ruo ọtụtụ iri afọ ma kpalie ọtụtụ mgbalị iji belata mmetụta ya. N'afọ 2010, France guzobere iwu ọrụ iji setịpụ ụgwọ ọrụ kacha nta maka ndị ntorobịa. Ọzọkwa, mmemme ọha na eze na-agụnye ịkwalite ọzụzụ ọrụ iji kwado ndị ọrụ ka ha banye n'ọkwá ọhụrụ, ịmepụta ọrụ ndị ọzọ karịsịa maka ndị ọrụ nwere nkà dị ala, yana ibelata ụgwọ ọrụ site na enyemaka na mbọ ndị ọzọ.<ref>Fougère, Denis & Kramarz, Francis & Magnac, Thierry, 2000. "Youth Employment Policies In France,"CEPR Discussion Papers 2394, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.</ref> E jiri ya tụnyere mba ndị ọzọ mepere emepe na ndị otu OECD, France na-egosipụta ọnụ ọgụgụ enweghị ọrụ dị elu yana ogologo oge. Site na 1983 ruo 2018 ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị ntorobịa na-enweghị ọrụ na France nwere mmụba zuru oke. Ọ mere nkezi na ọnụọgụ nke 20.19% na-eru ihe kachasị elu nke 26.2% na 2012.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://kilm.ilo.org|title=Portal Home|work=kilm.ilo.org|accessdate=5 May 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160814222500/http://kilm.ilo.org/|archivedate=14 August 2016}}</ref> Site na 1979 ruo 1984, France hụrụ ụgwọ ọrụ kacha nta ya, SMIC (salaire minimum interprofessional de croissance), rịrị elu nke ukwuu. N'akụkọ ihe mere eme, ịrị elu nke SMIC egosila na ọ na-akpata mmụba nke enweghị ọrụ n'etiti ndị ntorobịa mba ahụ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ycharts.com/indicators/france_youth_unemployment_rate_lfs|title=France Youth Unemployment Rate|work=ycharts.com|language=en|accessdate=5 May 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180505135228/https://ycharts.com/indicators/france_youth_unemployment_rate_lfs|archivedate=5 May 2018}}</ref> Na ngwụcha oge a, enweghị ọrụ maka ndị ntorobịa bụ 26%, ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ okpukpu abụọ nke nkezi ndị ntorobịa na-enweghị ọrụ OECD.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Katz|first=Lawrence F.|title=A Comparison of Changes in the Structure of Wages in Four OECD Countries|url=https://scholar.harvard.edu/lkatz/publications/comparison-changes-structure-wages-four-oecd-countries|journal=Differences and Changes in Wage Structures|year=1995|language=en}}</ref> France hụkwara mbelata okpukpu abụọ n'ime ndị ntorobịa na-arụsi ọrụ ike n'ahịa ọrụ site na afọ 1980 - 2007.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Martin|first=Gary|date=2009|title=A portrait of the youth labor market in 13 countries, 1980–2007|journal=Monthly Labor Review|pages=3–21}}</ref> Na mgbalị iji lụso enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa ọgụ, France gbalịrị imeziwanye usoro agụmakwụkwọ ha n'ihi na France na-ahụ mbelata nke enweghị ọrụ n'etiti ndị natara ọkwa agụmakwụkwọ dị elu. Otú ọ dị, ndị na-amaghị nke ọma, ọ bụghị naanị na ha na-enwe ọnụ ọgụgụ na-arịwanye elu nke enweghị ọrụ, kamakwa ogologo oge nke enweghị ọrụ. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, na 1996, 58% nke ndị ọrụ kachasị ala gụrụ akwụkwọ nwere nkezi otu afọ nke enweghị ọrụ.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Gruber|first=Jonathan|date=January 2009|title=Social Security Programs and Retirement Around the World: The Relationship to Youth Employment, Introduction and Summary|doi=10.3386/w14647|url=http://www.nber.org/papers/w14647|accessdate=5 May 2018}}</ref> France emeela ihe ịga nke ọma n'ịbawanye agụmakwụkwọ dị elu n'etiti ndị ntorobịa ya, na-eru ihe mgbaru ọsọ Europe 2020 nke ibelata ịhapụ ụlọ akwụkwọ n'oge na-adịghị anya ruo n'okpuru 10%.<ref name="researchgate">{{Cite book|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/321724608|title=Assessing the Performance of School-to-Work Transition Regimes in the EU|author=P Hadjivassiliou|first=Kari|date=1 October 2016}}</ref> France na-enye agụmakwụkwọ dị elu n'efu ma gọọmentị na-enye ụmụ akwụkwọ ụgwọ ọrụ.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://cepr.net/blogs/beat-the-press/the-myth-of-high-youth-unemployment-in-france|title=The Myth of High Youth Unemployment in France|author=Baker|first=Dean|accessdate=5 May 2018|language=en-US}}</ref> Like other countries in the European Union, France has enacted school-to-work policies in order to facilitate the school-two-work transition for youths once they've completed their higher education. They have longer transition time for students entering the work force and include offers newly graduated students several tools to enhance their market inclusion. The government has taken several measures in an effort to lower labour costs such as subsidized employment contracts and multiple VET placements.<ref name="researchgate"/> However, these policies have appeared to return minor results as the country continues to report high youth unemployment rates especially among differing social classes. First, they are less effective among the youth migrant population who face disconnect from the labour market due to France's employment-centred economy experiencing, on average, unemployment rates that are 4% higher than non-migrant workers.<ref name="style-handbook.eu">{{Cite web|url=http://style-handbook.eu/contents-list/migration-and-mobility/gender-and-migrant-workers-fragile-transitions-from-education-to-employment/|title=Gender and migrant workers' fragile transitions from education to employment - STYLE Handbook|work=style-handbook.eu|language=en-GB|accessdate=5 May 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171228165706/http://style-handbook.eu/contents-list/migration-and-mobility/gender-and-migrant-workers-fragile-transitions-from-education-to-employment/|archivedate=28 December 2017}}</ref> Furthermore, there is also prevalent gender disparities among the younger population.<ref name="style-handbook.eu" /> === Gris === Ọnọdụ enweghị ọrụ nke ndị ntorobịa na Gris ka bụ otu n'ime ndị kachasị elu n'ụwa. Dị ka otu isi mmalite si kwuo, n'etiti afọ 2000 na 2008, enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa mụbara site na 63% ruo 72%.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Tubadji|first=Annie|year=2012|title=Youth Unemployment in Greece|url=http://library.fes.de/pdf-files/id/09475.pdf|pages=6|accessdate=3 December 2016}}</ref> Isi iyi dị iche na-eji nkọwa kwekọrọ ekwekọ nke enweghị ọrụ depụtara ọnụ ọgụgụ enweghị ọrụ nke ndị ntorobịa ruo afọ 24 dị ka 24.2% na Gris n'afọ 2009.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|year=2010|title=Economic Bulletin|url=https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/6402221.pdf#page=22|volume=33|pages=22|accessdate=3 December 2016}}</ref> Iji tinye nke a n'echiche, nkezi EU-27 n'oge ahụ bụ 18.3%.<ref name=":0" /> Enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa rịrị elu ruo 40.1% na Mee 2011 wee laghachi ọzọ ruo ihe dị ka 55% na Nọvemba 2012.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Ifanti|first=Amalia|year=2013|title=Financial crisis and austerity measures in Greece: Their impact on health promotion policies and public health care|journal=Health Policy|volume=113|issue=1–2|pages=1–2|doi=10.1016/j.healthpol.2013.05.017|pmid=23790265}}</ref> Na mgbakwunye na enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa (ya bụ ndị ruru afọ 25), Gris nwekwara nnukwu enweghị ọrụ nke ndị gụsịrị akwụkwọ nke afọ 2529. N'afọ 1998, Gris nwere ọkwa kachasị elu nke enweghị ọrụ nke ndị gụsịrị akwụkwọ na agụmakwụkwọ ka elu n'etiti afọ 25-29. Nke a bụ n'ihi enweghị ọchịchọ maka ndị ọrụ gụrụ akwụkwọ nke ọma n'oge ahụ.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Liagouras|first=George|year=2003|title=Exploring Mismatches Between Higher Education and the Labour Market in Greece|journal=European Journal of Education|volume=38|issue=4|pages=413–426|doi=10.1111/j.0141-8211.2003.00158.x}}</ref> Omume ọrụ a dị ala n'etiti ndị nwere agụmakwụkwọ dị elu na-aga n'ihu taa. N'oge na-adịbeghị anya dị ka afọ 2009, "otu n'ime ndị gụsịrị akwụkwọ na agụmakwụkwọ dị elu atọ, abụọ n'ime atọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ sekọndrị, na otu n'ime mmadụ atọ gụsịrịchara akwụkwọ na agụmụka iwu achọtabeghị ụdị ọrụ siri ike".<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Sotiris|first=Panagiotis|year=2010|title=Rebels with a Cause: The December 2008 Geek Youth Movement as the Condensation of Deeper Social and Political Contradictions.|journal=International Journal of Urban and Regional Research|volume=24|pages=203–209|doi=10.1111/j.1468-2427.2010.00949.x}}</ref> A na-eche na enweghị ọrụ a nyere aka na mmetụta nke nkụda mmụọ n'etiti ndị ntorobịa nke mesịrị duga na ọgba aghara ndị Gris na 2008. Ọnọdụ ndị a dị elu nke enweghị ọrụ na-akawanye njọ site na ọdịda nke òtù ọrụ iji dọta ndị ọrụ na-eto eto. Kọmitii Ndị Ọrụ Na-eto eto nke GSEE kpughere na ngosi 2008 na ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ụzọ abụọ n'ụzọ atọ nke ndị ọrụ na-eto eto esonyeghị n'òtù ọrụ ha.<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal|author=Kretsos|first=Lefteris|year=2011|title=Union responses to the rise of precarious youth employment in Greece|journal=Industrial Relations Journal|volume=42|issue=5|pages=412–506|doi=10.1111/j.1468-2338.2011.00634.x}}</ref> Ọ bụ ezie na òtù ndị ọrụ dị ka GSEE na ADEDY na-akwalite mmụba ụgwọ ọrụ site na mgbalị nkwekọrịta ma nye aka inweta ụgwọ ọrụ dị elu maka ndị ọrụ na-eto eto, ụgwọ ọrụ nke ndị ọrụ na'eto eto nọgidere na-adị ala karịa ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ mba ndị ọzọ niile dị na EU-15.<ref name=":1" /> === India === Ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị na-eto eto na-enweghị ọrụ dị ihe dị ka 10% na 2005, mana ha ekwughi ọnụ ọgụgụ a pụrụ ịdabere na ya na United Nations kemgbe ọtụtụ afọ.<ref name="UNStat"/> Otú ọ dị, e nweela mmụba n'etiti ndị okenye na-eto eto fọdụrụ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ ma nweta akara ugo mmụta ndị ọzọ naanị n'ihi na enweghị ohere maka ọrụ. Ndị ntorobịa a na-abụkarị ndị nọ n'ọkwá dị ala, mana ọ nwere ike ịnọchite anya ọtụtụ ndị mmadụ n'etiti agbụrụ na klas. Na [[Ndia|India]], usoro ọrụ na-adabere na njikọ ma ọ bụ ohere gọọmentị.<ref name="Timepass">{{Cite journal|author=Jeffrey|first=Craig|title=Timepass: Youth, class, and time among unemployed young men in India|journal=American Ethnologist|date=14 July 2010|volume=37|issue=3|pages=465–481|doi=10.1111/j.1548-1425.2010.01266.x}}</ref> === Ịtali ===   N'ime Eurozone, ọ bụ naanị [[Greece|Gris]] na [[Spain]] na-egosipụta ọnụ ọgụgụ dị elu nke enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa karịa Ịtali.<ref name="Bank 2014">{{Cite web|url=http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SL.UEM.1524.ZS|title=Unemployment, youth total (% of total labor force ages 15-24) (modeled ILO estimate)|author=Bank|first=World|date=2014|publisher=World Bank|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161201211409/http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SL.UEM.1524.ZS|archivedate=1 December 2016}}</ref> N'otu aka ahụ na Spain, pasentị nke ndị dị afọ 1524 e wepụrụ n'ahịa ọrụ hụrụ ịrị elu dị egwu mgbe nsogbu ego nke 2007 2008 gasịrị. N'agbata afọ 2008 na afọ 2014, enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa ji 21.5% rịa elu. Ka ọ na-erule n'afọ ahụ, ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ 43% nke ndị na-eto eto ewepụrụ n'ahịa ọrụ na Ịtali.<ref>{{Cite book|title=L'occupazione giovanile al tempo della crisi: Italia ed Austria a confronto.|author=Caccia|first=Flaminia|publisher=LUISS University|year=2015|pages=24}}</ref> Ọzọkwa, enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa na-ekesa n'ụzọ na-ahaghị nhata na mba ahụ dum. Na nkeji iri na ise nke atọ nke afọ 2014, naanị 29.7% nke ndị na-eto eto enweghị ọrụ na North. Ọnụ ọgụgụ a na-abawanye na 51.5% na-atụ egwu mgbe ị na-ele South nke Ịtali.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://dati.istat.it/Index.aspx?DataSetCode=DCCV_TAXDISOCCU|title=Tasso di disocupazione|author=ISTAT|date=2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161130193948/http://dati.istat.it/Index.aspx?DataSetCode=DCCV_TAXDISOCCU|archivedate=30 November 2016}}</ref> === Jọdan === E nwere nde ụmụ okorobịa iri na ise na-enweghị ọrụ n'obodo ndị Arab.<ref name="JordanCommunity">{{Cite journal|author=Hussainat|first=Mohammad. M.|title=The Impact of Unemployment on Young People in the Jordanian Community: A Case Study from Unemployed Perspective|journal=Asian Social Science|date=31 December 2012|volume=9|issue=1|doi=10.5539/ass.v9n1p155}}</ref> Ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị ntorobịa na-enweghị ọrụ na Jọdan dị elu karịa mba ndị ọzọ. N'ime afọ iri gara aga, ọnụego ahụ anọgidewo na 23%.<ref name="UNStat"/> E nweela mmụba n'oge na-adịbeghị anya na nkwenye a ma ama na enweghị ọrụ bụ ụta nke onye ọ bụla ọ bụghị nsogbu ọha na eze.<ref name="JordanCommunity" /> Otú ọ dị, enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa na-esokwa na nrụgide na-arịwanye elu na ngalaba ọrụ ndị na-ewe ọtụtụ ndị ntorobịa n'ọrụ na Jọdan.<ref name="JordanCommunity" /> Enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa emeela ka oge na oge ndị ọzọ nke alụmdi na nwunye na Jọdan, nke ụfọdụ na-ele anya dị ka otu n'ime ihe kachasị mkpa nke ihe omume ahụ.<ref name="JordanCommunity" /> Nsonaazụ ọzọ e nwere na Jọdan bụ nsogbu ahụike uche na-arịwanye elu.<ref name="JordanCommunity" /> N'afọ 2019, ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị ntorobịa na-enweghị ọrụ na Jọdan dị pasent 35.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Jordan - youth unemployment rate 2009-2019|url=https://www.statista.com/statistics/812127/youth-unemployment-rate-in-jordan/|accessdate=2020-09-21|work=Statista|language=en}}</ref> === Kenya === Kenya, nke bụ otu n'ime akụ na ụba na-eto ngwa ngwa na Sub-Saharan Africa, nke na-eme ka uto GDP nke 5.7% na 2019, nwere otu n'etiti ọnụ ọgụgụ kachasị elu nke ndị ntorobịa na-enweghị ọrụ n'Ebe Ọwụwa Anyanwụ Africa na data sitere na ọnụ ọgụgụ mba ahụ na-adịbeghị anya na-egosi enweghị ọrụ na-akawanye njọ maka ndị ntorobịa dị n'agbata afọ 18203. Dabere na ọnụ ọgụgụ mmadụ nke afọ 2019, ihe karịrị otu ụzọ n'ụzọ atọ nke ndị ntorobịa Kenya ruru eru ịrụ ọrụ enweghị ọrụ.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Trizer|first=Mwanyika|date=2019-11-04|title=2019 Kenya Population and Housing Census Results|url=https://www.knbs.or.ke/?p=5621|accessdate=2020-08-24|work=Kenya National Bureau of Statistics|language=en-US}}</ref> Ngụkọta nke 5,341,182 (38.9%) n'ime 13,777,600 na-eto eto Kenya enweghị ọrụ. Ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị ntorobịa dị afọ 18 ruo 34 bụ nde 13.7, nke 61% na-arụ ọrụ ebe nde 1.6 na-achọ ọrụ ma ọ bụ gosipụta na enweghị ọrụ. A na-ewere ndị na-eto eto Kenya dị ka ihe dị mkpa na mgbanwe akụ na ụba nke mba ahụ. Site na ọ dịkarịa ala 20% nke ndị bi na mba ahụ n'agbata afọ 15 na 24, a na-eto mba East Africa dị ka otu n'ime mba ndị nwere ike ị nweta ego site n'inye agụmakwụkwọ na ọrụ kwesịrị ekwesị maka ndị ntorobịa na-eto eto.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2016-04-04|title=Take advantage of demographic dividend|url=https://kenya.unfpa.org/en/news/take-advantage-demographic-dividend|accessdate=2020-08-24|work=UNFPA Kenya|language=en}}</ref> Demographic Divided na-ezo aka na uru akụ na ụba mba nwere ike inweta mgbe ọ nwere ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu nke ndị na-arụ ọrụ karịa ndị na-adịghị arụ ọrụ na-enye aka na akụ na ụba. Gọọmentị Kenya na-aga n'ihu na-eme ọganihu ụfọdụ n'ịgbalị ịnagide enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa dị elu site n'ịmepụta mmemme dị iche iche n'okpuru ọrụ nkwenye. Nke a gụnyere National Youth Service, The [http://www.youthfund.go.ke/ National Youth Enterprise Development Fund], The Women Enterprise Fund, Kazi Mtaani na Ajira Digital, nke na-enye ndị ntorobịa ikike dijitalụ iji mee ka ha nwee ike ịbanye na akụ na ụba dijitalụ.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Training of Kazi Mtaani Beneficiaries|url=https://youth.go.ke/kazi-mtaani/|accessdate=2022-02-07|language=en-US|archivedate=2022-02-07|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220207221214/https://youth.go.ke/kazi-mtaani/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Why Kenyan youths will have to wait longer to resume Kazi Mtaani activities|url=https://www.the-star.co.ke/news/2022-01-06-why-kenyan-youths-will-have-to-wait-longer-to-resume-kazi-mtaani-activities/|accessdate=2022-02-07|work=The Star|language=en-KE}}</ref> Dabere na akụkọ 2021 nke ụlọ ọrụ ICT, Innovations and Youth Affairs, pasent 5 nke ndị Kenya (1.3 nde) na-arụ ọrụ n'ịntanetị site na Ajira Digital Program na June 2021.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-09-30|title=1.2 Million People Working Online in Kenya|url=https://www.kenyaforum.net/economy/1-2-million-people-working-online-in-kenya/|accessdate=2022-02-07|work=The Kenya Forum|language=en}}</ref> '''''Iwu mmepe ndị ntorobịa'''''<ref>{{Cite web|title=NYC {{!}} NATIONAL YOUTH COUNCIL KENYA|url=https://www.nationalyouthcouncil.go.ke/|accessdate=2020-08-24|work=www.nationalyouthcouncil.go.ke}}</ref> nke Kenya 2019, nke a malitere na 12 Ọgọstụ 2020 n'oge emume mba nke ''Ụbọchị Ndị Ntorobịa Mba Nile'', na-amata ihe okike, ihe ọhụrụ, na mmepụta ihe nke ndị ntorobịa gosipụtara na ikike ha ịghọ ndị isi mgbanwe dị ka isi ike, na nkwa iji ike ndị a mee ihe maka mmezu nke mmụba nke ọnụ ọgụgụ mmadụ. Iwu ahụ na-enye usoro iji dozie ụfọdụ ihe ịma aka ndị ntorobịa na-eche ihu na Kenya, gụnyere enweghị ọrụ dị mma. === Rọshịa === Enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa na Russia karịrị 18% na 2010.<ref name="UNStat">{{Cite web|title=Youth unemployment rate, aged 15-24, men|url=http://unstats.un.org/unsd/mdg/SeriesDetail.aspx?srid=597|publisher=United Nations Statistic Division|accessdate=10 April 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131203024313/http://unstats.un.org/unsd/mdg/SeriesDetail.aspx?srid=597|archivedate=3 December 2013}}</ref> Otú ọ dị, e nwere nnukwu ọdịiche na ọkwa enweghị ọrụ na Russia naanị afọ ole na ole tupu mgbe ahụ, nke gara n'ihu site na nsogbu akụ na ụba nke afọ 2008. N'afọ 2005, mpaghara dị gburugburu Moscow nwere ọnụ ọgụgụ enweghị ọrụ nke naanị 1% ebe mpaghara Dagestan nwere ọnụ ọgụgụ karịrị 22%. Nke a nwere ike ịbụ n'akụkụ ụfọdụ n'ihi ọdịiche dị na ọkwa mmepe na mpaghara ahụ. Achọpụtala na ọkwa dị elu nke mmepe na mpaghara, ọkwa nke enweghị ọrụ zuru oke na nke ndị ntorobịa dị ala.<ref name="RussianCrises"/><ref name="RussianDeterminants">{{Cite journal|author=Demidova|first=Olga|title=Determinants of youth unemployment in Russian regions|journal=Post-Communist Economies|year=2012|volume=24|issue=2|pages=191–217|doi=10.1080/14631377.2012.675155}}</ref> Na Russia, isi ihe kpatara enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa bụ n'ihi ọkwa dị ala nke isi obodo mmadụ.<ref name="RussianCrises"/> === Saụt Afrịka === Malite na 1970s, enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa anọwo na-arị elu na South Africa.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Labor Markets and Economic Development|author=Kanbur, Svejnar|first=Ravi, Jan|publisher=Routledge|year=2009|location=Abingdon, Oxon|pages=91}}</ref> Taa, a na-ahụta South Africa dị ka mba nke anọ nwere pasent kachasị elu nke ndị ntorobịa na-enweghị ọrụ n'ụwa. Ka ọ na-erule n'afọ 2014, 52.6% nke ndị dị afọ 15 na 24 na-achọ ọrụ enweghị ọrụ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SL.UEM.1524.ZS|title=Unemployment, youth total (% of total labor force ages 15-24) (modeled ILO estimate)|author=Bank|first=World|date=2014|work=World Bank|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161201211409/http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SL.UEM.1524.ZS|archivedate=1 December 2016}}</ref> Ọzọkwa, enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa na-ekesa n'ụzọ na-ahaghị nhata n'akụkụ dị iche iche nke ndị mmadụ. Ọ bụ ezie na enweghị ọrụ n'etiti ndị na-eto eto na-acha ọcha ruru 12%, ọnụ ọgụgụ a na-arị elu ruo 70% na-enye nsogbu n'etiti ụmụ okorobịa ojii.<ref name=":2">Mlatsheni, C., & Sandrine, R. (2002). ''Why is Youth Unemployment so High and Unequally spread in South Africa?'' University of Cape Town. </ref> O nwere ike ịbụ na mmetụta fọdụrụ n'oge ịkpa ókè agbụrụ emeela ka ebe ọrụ dị anya site n'ụlọ ndị isi ojii ma e jiri ya tụnyere ndị ọcha. Nke a, ịkpa ókè na-adịgide adịgide, na nzụlite na-ahaghị nhata so n'ọtụtụ ihe kpatara nkesa na-adịghị mma nke enweghị ọrụ n'etiti ndị na-eto eto ọcha na ndị isi ojii South Africa.<ref name=":3">{{Cite journal|author=Abhijit|first=Banerjee|year=2008|title=Why has unemployment risen in South Africa?|journal=Economics of Transition|volume=16|issue=4|pages=715–740|doi=10.1111/j.1468-0351.2008.00340.x}}</ref> Ọtụtụ n'ime ndị ntorobịa na-enweghị ọrụ arụtụbeghị ọrụ. Ihe a tụrụ aro maka nke a bụ na mmemme ezumike nká nke South Africa dị oke mmesapụ aka ma e jiri ya tụnyere mba ndị ọzọ na-enweta ego dị n'etiti. A na-akwụ ụfọdụ ndị South Africa nọ n'ọkwá dị elu (nke na-emetụta ndị ọcha) ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ okpukpu abụọ nke ego onye ọ bụla na-enweta. Nke a emeela ka ọtụtụ n'ime ndị ntorobịa na-enweghị ọrụ na-adị ndụ site na nkwado ndị okenye ha, si otú a belata mkpali ịchọ ọrụ.<ref name=":3"/> Na mgbakwunye, ụgwọ ọnwa nke ọtụtụ ndị na-eto eto Afrịka dị elu nke ukwuu. Ihe dị ka 60% nke ụmụ nwoke na 40% nke ụmụ nwanyị nwere ụgwọ ọrụ dị elu karịa ka ha nwere ike ịtụ anya ya site na obere ụlọ ọrụ.<ref name=":4">{{Cite journal|author=Rankin|first=Neil|year=2011|title=Youth Unemployment, Firm Size and Reservation Waves in South Africa|url=https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/24027/1/MPRA_paper_24027.pdf|journal=South African Journal of Economics|volume=79|issue=2|pages=128–145|doi=10.1111/j.1813-6982.2011.01272.x|accessdate=10 December 2019}}</ref> Ụfọdụ na-atụle ikike ha nwere inweta ọrụ site na ụlọ ọrụ ndị na-asọmpi, na-akwụ ụgwọ dị elu, nnukwu ụlọ ọrụ ma si otú a nọgide na-enweghị ọrụ. Ụgwọ ọrụ dị elu nke ụlọ ọrụ ndị buru ibu, na mgbakwunye na ụgwọ ọrụ (dị ka njem ma ọ bụ ụgwọ ụlọ), na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ na ọ gaghị ekwe omume maka ụfọdụ ndị ntorobịa ịnabata ọrụ na-akwụ ụgwọ dị ala site na obere ụlọ ọrụ. Ya mere, ọtụtụ n'ime ndị ntorobịa nọ na South Africa họọrọ ịnọgide na-enweghị ọrụ ruo mgbe ha nwere ike ịchọta ọrụ na ụlọ ọrụ buru ibu.<ref name=":4" /> Ndị ntorobịa South Africa na-enwekwa nsogbu agụmakwụkwọ. Ọtụtụ na-ahapụ usoro agụmakwụkwọ n'oge. Ndị ọzọ na-eche enweghị nkwenye nkà site n'aka ndị were ha n'ọrụ ihu, "ọbụlagodi na ha nwere nzere na ngalaba ndị a na-ewere dị ka ndị a chọrọ nke ukwuu".<ref name="Garcia, J. R. 2011">Garcia, J. R. (2011). ''Desempleo juvenil en España: causas y soluciones.'' Madrid: BBVA.</ref> N'ime nkeji iri na ise nke afọ 2020, e nwere nde ndị na-eto eto 20.4 dị afọ 1534 . Ndị na-eto eto a mejupụtara 63.3% nke ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị na-enweghị ọrụ. Ọnụ ọgụgụ enweghị ọrụ n'ime otu a bụ 43.2% na nkeji iri na ise nke afọ 2020. Ndị ntorobịa dị afọ 15 na 24 bụ ndị kachasị ike n'ahịa ọrụ South Africa dịka ọnụọgụ enweghị ọrụ n'etiti ndị ọgbọ a bụ 59.0% na nkeji iri na ise nke afọ 2020. N'etiti ndị gụsịrị akwụkwọ n'afọ ndụ a, ọnụ ọgụgụ enweghị ọrụ bụ 33.1% n'oge a ma e jiri ya tụnyere 24.6% na nkeji iri anọ nke afọ 2019 bụ mmụba nke 8.5 pasentị nkeji iri na ise.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Africa|first=Statistics South|title=Vulnerability of youth in the South African labour market {{!}} Statistics South Africa|url=http://www.statssa.gov.za/?p=13379|accessdate=2020-09-21|language=en-US}}</ref> === Spain === N'ime iri afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya, nsogbu nke enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa ewerewo oke egwu na [[Spain]]. Nsogbu ego nke 2007 na 2008 dakwasịrị mba ahụ nke ukwuu na ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị na-eto eto na-enweghị ọrụ rịrị elu n'oge a. N'ime mba OECD, Spain gosipụtara mmụba kachasị ukwuu n'ihe gbasara enweghị ọrụ n'ime ndị dị afọ 1524 .<ref>Scarpetta, S., A. Sonnet and T. Manfredi (2010), "Rising Youth Unemployment During The Crisis: How to Prevent Negative Long-term Consequences on a Generation?", ''OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers'', No. 106, OECD Publishing, Paris.</ref> Ka ọ na-erule afọ 2014, 57.9% nke ndị ntorobịa nọ na Spain enweghị ọrụ.<ref name="Bank 2014"/> A na-eche na mmejuputa iwu ọrụ dị irè na mmụba nkewa nke ọrụ a kara aka n'oge ndakpọ akụ na ụba bụ isi ihe kpatara ọnọdụ dị egwu dị otú ahụ.<ref name="Garcia, J. R. 2011">Garcia, J. R. (2011). ''Desempleo juvenil en España: causas y soluciones.'' Madrid: BBVA.</ref> === United Kingdom === Enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa na United Kingdom bụ ọkwa enweghị ọrụ n'etiti ndị na-eto eto, nke a na-akọwa dịka ndị dị afọ 1825 . Echiche yiri ya bụ '''enweghị ọrụ gụsịrị akwụkwọ''' nke bụ ọkwa enweghị ọrụ n'etiti ndị gụsịrị akwụkwọ na mahadum. Ndekọ ọnụ ọgụgụ maka June 2010 na-egosi na e nwere ndị na-eto eto 926,000 na-erubeghị afọ 25 na-enweghị ọrụ nke na-aha ka enweghị ọrụ nke 19.6% n'etiti ndị na-eme ntorobịa.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2010/jun/20/young-unemployed-george-osborne-cuts|title=Dole queue beckons for Britain's young &#124; David Blanchflower &#124; Comment is free &#124; guardian.co.uk|work=Guardian|date=20 June 2010|accessdate=13 July 2010}}</ref> Nke a bụ ọnụ ọgụgụ kachasị elu nke enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa n'ime afọ 17.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.republikein.com.na/die-mark/expats-exit-grim-uk.109925.php|title=Expats exit grim UK|publisher=Republikein.com.na|date=8 July 2010|accessdate=13 July 2010|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110716054015/http://www.republikein.com.na/die-mark/expats-exit-grim-uk.109925.php|archivedate=16 July 2011}}</ref> N'ọnwa Nọvemba afọ 2011, enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa ruru nde 1.02 mana ọ daala na 767,000 ka ọ na-erule n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ afọ 2014.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/business/2011/nov/16/youth-unemployment-hits-1m-uk|work=The Guardian|first=Katie|author=Allen|title=Youth unemployment hits 1 million|date=16 November 2011|accessdate=13 December 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.parliament.uk/business/publications/research/briefing-papers/SN05871/youth-unemployment-statistics|title=Youth unemployment statistics: Commons Library Standard Note|date=18 December 2013|accessdate=12 September 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140111075445/http://www.parliament.uk/business/publications/research/briefing-papers/SN05871/youth-unemployment-statistics|archivedate=11 January 2014}}</ref> Ọnụ ọgụgụ dị elu nke enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa na United Kingdom emeela ka ụfọdụ ndị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na ndị na-akọwa mgbasa ozi kwuo maka "ọgbọ furu efu".<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/jane-scott-paul/youth-unemployment-and-th_1_b_1448982.html|title=Jane Scott Paul: Youth Unemployment and the 'Lost Generation'|date=25 April 2012|author=Jane Scott Paul|work=Huffington Post|accessdate=9 June 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160623204326/http://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/jane-scott-paul/youth-unemployment-and-th_1_b_1448982.html|archivedate=23 June 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/politics_show/8103967.stm|title=Youth unemployment|work=BBC|date=17 June 2009|accessdate=12 September 2016|author=Nick Watson|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160920040617/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/politics_show/8103967.stm|archivedate=20 September 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2012/jul/02/lost-generation-will-cost-more|work=The Guardian|first=Polly|author=Toynbee|title=This lost generation will cost us more than the cuts save|date=2 July 2012|accessdate=13 December 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.thesouthernreporter.co.uk/news/lost-generation-fears-as-youth-jobless-rate-reaches-49-per-cent-1-2444377|title='Lost generation' fears as youth jobless rate reaches 49 per cent|work=The Southern Reporter|date=6 August 2012|accessdate=9 June 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160627085612/http://www.thesouthernreporter.co.uk/news/lost-generation-fears-as-youth-jobless-rate-reaches-49-per-cent-1-2444377|archivedate=27 June 2016}}</ref> === United States === Ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị na-enweghị ọrụ na United States amụbaala n'ime afọ 5 gara aga, mana ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị na'enweghị ọrụ na-eto eto arịwo elu ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ pasent 10.<ref name="UNStat"/> N'afọ 2007, tupu ndakpọ akụ na ụba kachasị ọhụrụ amalite, enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa adịlarị na 13%. Ka ọ na-erule n'afọ 2008, ọnụ ọgụgụ a arịgoola ruo 18% ma na 2010 ọ rịgooro n'okpuru 21%.<ref name="ScarredGen"/><ref name="UNStat" /> Ogologo oge ndị ntorobịa na-enweghị ọrụ amụbaala, ọtụtụ ndị ntorobịa nọ na United States na-enweghị onye ọrụ mgbe ihe karịrị otu afọ nke ịchọ ọrụ gasịrị.<ref name="ScarredGen" /> Nke a emeela ka e mepụta ọgbọ nwere akara, dịka a tụlere n'okpuru ebe a. A na-eme atụmatụ na nde mmadụ 9.4 na-eto eto dị afọ 16 ruo 24 na United States (12.3%) anaghị arụ ọrụ ma ọ bụ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ. {{As of|July 2017}} 2017[update] a na-eme atụmatụ nde ndị na-eto eto 20.9 dị afọ 16 ruo 24 na United States (12.3%) na-arụ ọrụ na United States. Ọnụ ọgụgụ enweghị ọrụ maka ndị ntorobịa bụ 9.6% na July, site na pasent 1.9 site na July 2016. Ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị na-enweghị ọrụ n'etiti ndị ntorobịa na United States ka ọ na-erule Julaị 2017, na-egosi na ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị na'enweghị ọrụ maka ụmụ okorobịa (10.1%) na ụmụ nwanyị (9.1%) dị ala karịa oge okpomọkụ gara aga. Ọnụ ọgụgụ July 2017 maka ndị ọcha na-eto eto (8.0%) na ndị ojii (16.2%) belatara n'ime afọ ahụ, ebe ọnụ ọgụgụ maka ndị na-etolite Eshia (9.9%) na ndị Hispanic (10.1%) gosipụtara obere mgbanwe. N'ọnwa Ọgọstụ 2020, enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa dị na 14.7%.<ref>{{Cite journal|date=2016-02-26|title=Youth unemployment rate|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/9789264250529-graph204-en|journal=Competitiveness and Private Sector Development|doi=10.1787/9789264250529-graph204-en|issn=2076-5762}}</ref> == Mmetụta == === Ọgbọ furu efu === A na-akpọ ndị ntorobịa na-enweghị ọrụ "ọgbọ furu efu": ọ bụghị naanị n'ihi mmepụta ihe furu efu kamakwa n'ihi mmetụta ogologo oge na nke na-apụtaghị ìhè enweghị ọrụ nwere na ndị na-eto eto na ezinụlọ ha. A na-ekwu na enweghị ọrụ na-emetụta ego a na-enweta ruo ihe dị ka afọ 20. N'ihi na ha enweghị ike ịzụlite nkà ma ọ bụ ahụmịhe n'ime afọ mbụ ha n'ọrụ, ndị ntorobịa na-enweghị ọrụ na-ahụ mbelata nke ego ha na-enweta mgbe ha jiri ya tụnyere ndị nwere ọrụ siri ike ma ọ bụ ndị na-enweghị ihe ọ bụla dị ka ndị toro eto. Ụgwọ ọrụ dị ala nwere ike ịnọgide ruo afọ 20 na-esote oge enweghị ọrụ tupu onye ahụ amalite ị nweta ego na asọmpi nye ndị ọgbọ ya.<ref name="ScarredGen">{{Cite journal|author=Morsy|first=Hanan|year=2012|title=Scarred Generation|url=http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/fandd/2012/03/morsy.htm|journal=Finance and Development|volume=49|issue=1|accessdate=2 March 2013}}</ref> Enweghị ọrụ zuru ebe nile nke ndị ntorobịa na-eduga n'ọgbọ a na-ewepụghị na ọha mmadụ na nnukwu ihe ize ndụ maka ịda ogbenye. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, Spain hụrụ mmụba nke 18% na enweghị nhata ego.<ref name="ScarredGen" /> The lost generation effect impacts also their families. Youth in many countries now live with their parents into their late twenties.<ref name="Portrait13Countries"/> This contributes to what is called the "full-nest syndrome". In 2008, 46% of 18- to 34-year-olds in the European Union lived with at least one parent; in most countries the stay-at-homes were more likely to be unemployed than those who had moved out. In families, it is common that when one person becomes unemployed, other members of the family begin looking for or securing employment.<ref name="GreatRecession">{{Cite journal|author=Cho|first=Yoonyoung|title=How Did the Great Recession Affect Different Types of Workers? Evidence from 17 Middle-Income Countries|journal=World Development|year=2012|volume=41|pages=31–50|doi=10.1016/j.worlddev.2012.06.003|url=http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/WDSContentServer/WDSP/IB/2011/04/18/000158349_20110418134622/Rendered/PDF/WPS5636.pdf}}</ref> This is called the added worker effect. This can sometimes take the form of employment in the informal sector when necessary.<ref name="GreatRecession" /> Alongside the shift in youth living situations, the impact of returning to live with parents as well as difficulty finding a fulfilling job lead to mental health risks. Being unemployed for a long period of time in youth has been correlated to decreased happiness, job satisfaction and other mental health issues.<ref name="ScarredGen"/> Unemployed youth also report more isolation from their community.<ref name="JordanCommunity"/> Youth who are neither working nor studying do not have the opportunity to learn and improve their skills. They are progressively marginalised from the labour market and in turn can develop an anti-social behaviour. === Ọgba aghara ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na mmụba nke mmefu ego ọha na eze === [[Usòrò:2011_Moroccan_protests_2.jpg|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/2011_Moroccan_protests_2.jpg/220px-2011_Moroccan_protests_2.jpg|thumb|2011 Ngagharị iwe na Morocco]] N'oge na-adịbeghị anya, a na-ekwu na ọganihu nke ọgba aghara ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na omume na-emegide ọha na eze n'ụwa bụ enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa. N'ime afọ 2011 ọ ghọrọ isi ihe na-akwalite ngagharị iwe gburugburu ụwa. N'ime ọnwa iri na abụọ, ọchịchị anọ (Tunisia, Egypt, [[Libya]], Yemen) na Arab World dara n'ihi ngagharị iwe ndị na-eto eto duziri. Ọgba aghara na ngagharị iwe n'otu aka ahụ metụtara ọtụtụ obodo Europe na North America (Spain, France, United Kingdom n'etiti 2008 na 2011 dịka ọmụmaatụ). Enweghị ntinye aka nke ndị na-eto eto na ọha mmadụ ka ukwuu, nke enweghị ọrụ na enweghị ọrụ dị elu gosipụtara, na-agbakwunye mmetụta a nke enweghị ikike. Enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa na-emekwa ka mmefu ọha na eze na-abawanye n'ụzọ dị ịrịba ama n'oge mgbe akụ na ụba na-agba mbọ ịnọgide na-asọmpi na uru mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya na-aba ụba yana ndị agadi. Enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa nwere ụgwọ kpọmkwem dị ka ịbawanye ụgwọ uru, ụtụ isi ụtụ isi furu efu na ikike furu efu. "Na Britain akụkọ sitere na [[London]] School of Economics (LSE), Royal Bank of Scotland na Prince's Trust na-etinye ọnụahịa nke 744,000 ndị na-eto eto na-enweghị ọrụ na mba ahụ na £ 155m ($ 247m) kwa izu na uru na mmepụta ihe efu".<ref name="The jobless young. Left behind">[https://www.economist.com/briefing/2011/09/10/left-behind The jobless young. Left behind], The Economist, 10 September 2011</ref> N'otu aka ahụ, a na-eme atụmatụ na mmefu akụ na ụba sitere na enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa na Europe dị ijeri € 153 ma ọ bụ 1.2% nke GDP na 2011. Enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa nwekwara ụgwọ na-apụtaghị ìhè, gụnyere ịkwaga mba ọzọ. Ndị na-eto eto na-ahapụ mba ha na-enwe olileanya ịchọta ọrụ n'ebe ọzọ. Ọkụ ụbụrụ a emeela ka asọmpi mba na-emebi, ọkachasị na Europe. === Enweghị ihe ọhụrụ === Nsogbu akụ na ụba emeela ka asọmpi zuru ụwa ọnụ belata. "E nwere ihe ize ndụ nke enweghị nkà na nkà ebe ọ bụ na ọtụtụ ndị gụsịrị akwụkwọ na mahadum enweghị ike ịchọta ọrụ na itinye ihe ọmụma na ikike ha n'imepụta ihe ọhụrụ na inye aka na uto akụ na ụba".<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20150216130230/http://www.bridgingeurope.net/consequences-of-high-youth-unemployment.html Consequences of high youth unemployment], Bridging Europe, 27 April 2014</ref> Ihichapụ ndị na-eto eto n'ahịa ọrụ pụtara enweghị echiche dị iche iche, ihe okike na ihe ọhụrụ ha na-enye. Echiche ọhụrụ a dị mkpa maka ndị were mmadụ n'ọrụ iji kwalite atụmatụ ọhụrụ na echiche ọhụrụ. Ya mere, ịlụ ọgụ megide enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa bụ isi ihe iji nọgide na-arụ ọrụ akụ na ụba nke mba. === Mkpọrọ na ọnwụ === Nnyocha e mere n'afọ 2015 gosiri na 'Summer Youth Employment Program' nke New York City belatara ohere ndị sonyere nwere ịga mkpọrọ na ohere nke ịnwụ.<ref>{{Cite journal|title=The Effects Of Youth Employment: Evidence From New York City Lotteries|url=http://qje.oxfordjournals.org/content/early/2016/02/10/qje.qjv034|journal=The Quarterly Journal of Economics|date=26 September 2015|issn=0033-5533|pages=423–460|doi=10.1093/qje/qjv034|language=en|first=Alexander|author=Gelber|volume=131}}</ref> == Ìhè ndị si ná ụgwọ ọrụ kacha nta == Nnyocha akụ na ụba na-egosi na ụgwọ ọrụ kacha nta na-eme ka enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa na ahịa ọrụ asọmpi maka ọrụ ndị ntụrụndụ na-enweghị nkà, nakwa na ntinye na-egbu oge n'ahịa ọrụ (maka ndị ntorobịa enweghị ike inweta ọrụ) na-eduga na mbelata ohere ọzụzụ ma si otú a belata ego ndụ.<ref>{{Cite web|title=What are the effects of minimum wages?|url=https://wol.iza.org/key-topics/minimum-wage|work=IZA - World of Labor|accessdate=25 May 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Youth unemployment|url=https://wol.iza.org/key-topics/youth-unemployment|work=IZA - World of Labor|accessdate=25 May 2021}}</ref><ref name="Kalenkoski">{{Cite journal|author=Charlene Marie Kalenkoski|url=https://wol.iza.org/articles/effects-of-minimum-wages-on-youth-employment-and-income|title=The effects of minimum wages on youth employment and income|journal=IZA World of Labor|date=March 2016|pages=1–10|doi=10.15185/izawol.243}}</ref> Otú ọ dị, nnyocha na-egosikwa na "ịmanye ụgwọ ọrụ kacha nta nwere ike ịbawanye ego ndị ntorobịa na-arụ ọrụ na-enweta ma ọ bụrụ na ewepụghị oge ọrụ ha iji meghachi omume na ụgwọ ọrụ kacha ala" na "ụgwọ ọrụ kacha nta nwekwara ike [[Iba|ịba]] ụba ego ndị ntụrụndụ na-enweta na ma ọ bụrụgodị na uru maka ndị na-arụkọ ọrụ karịrị ihe ndị na-enweghị ike ịchọta ọrụ".<ref name="Kalenkoski" /> Dị ka usoro iwu iji kwado ndị ọrụ na-eto eto na-enweghị nkà, onye na-ahụ maka akụ na ụba Charlene Marie Kalenkoski na-atụ aro na "kama ụgwọ ọrụ kacha nta, ndị na-eme iwu kwesịrị iji ụzọ na-adịchaghị mgbagwoju anya iji kwado ụmụ agbọghọ na-enweghị ikike, dị ka ego ma ọ bụ enyemaka. "<ref name="Kalenkoski" /> == Ihe ngwọta ndị nwere ike ime == === Ọrụ nke iwu ahịa ọrụ na ụlọ ọrụ === [[Usòrò:Job_Advertisement_Board_in_Shenzhen_-01.jpg|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Job_Advertisement_Board_in_Shenzhen_-01.jpg/220px-Job_Advertisement_Board_in_Shenzhen_-01.jpg|thumb|Ụlọ Ọrụ Mgbasa Ozi na Shenzhen -01]] Ọrụ nke iwu ahịa ọrụ na ụlọ ọrụ dịgasị iche site na mba ruo mba. Nke a bụ akụkọ dị mkpirikpi nke atụmatụ ndị dị mkpa e mere n'oge na-adịbeghị anya iji mee ka ndị ntorobịa nwee ike inweta ọrụ. Nke mbụ, a chọrọ nchebe ọrụ dị mma maka ndị ọrụ na-adịgide adịgide na ndị na-adịru nwa oge. Ọ ga-ahụ na ndị na-eto eto na-enweghị ahụmịhe ọrụ nwere ike igosi ikike na nkà ha wee jiri nwayọọ nwayọọ na-aga n'ihu na-arụ ọrụ mgbe niile. Ọ ga-akwalite mmeso nhata n'etiti ndị ọrụ na-adịgide adịgide na ndị na-adịru nwa oge ma nyere aka lụso ọrụ na-abụghị nke onwe ọgụ. Atụmatụ a emeela ka ọtụtụ mkparịta ụka banyere nkwekọrịta na-agbanwe agbanwe a ga-emepụta ma nye ndị ntorobịa. Nke abụọ, mkparịta ụka na-elekwasị anya na ọkwa na mgbasa nke nkwado ego enyere ndị ntorobịa na-enweghị ọrụ.<ref name="OECD Action Plan for Youth" /> Ọ bụ ezie na mba ụfọdụ na-atụle ịmegharị nkwado ha site na enyemaka ego kpọmkwem gaa na ọzụzụ ego, ndị ọzọ na-abawanye nkwado ha na-ejikọta ya na ọrụ siri ike nke ọchụchọ na ọzụzụ. Nke atọ, Gọọmentị na-aga n'ihu na-etinye ndị were mmadụ n'ọrụ na ndị na-enye ọzụzụ iji mepụta ụzọ zuru oke maka enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa ma nye mmemme siri ike na-elekwasị anya na agụmakwụkwọ mgbazi, ahụmịhe ọrụ na ntụziaka ndị okenye.<ref name="mckinsey.com">{{Cite web|url=http://www.mckinsey.com/features/education_to_employment|title=Education to employment: Designing a system that works|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141228233133/http://www.mckinsey.com/features/education_to_employment|archivedate=28 December 2014|author=McKinsey|year=2013}}</ref> Otu Active Labour Market Policy (ALMP) nke ọtụtụ gọọmentị kwusiri ike na mgbalị iji dozie enweghị ọrụ bụ iji nyere ndị na-enweghị ọrụ aka ịghọ ndị na-arụ ọrụ onwe ha. Nnyocha dị iche iche nke Europe egosila nnukwu ihe ịga nke ọma nke mmemme ndị a n'ihe gbasara ịmepụta ọrụ na ọdịmma zuru oke. === TVET na agụmakwụkwọ ọrụ aka === [[Usòrò:TVET_as_a_proportion_of_all_upper_secondary_programmes.svg|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/TVET_as_a_proportion_of_all_upper_secondary_programmes.svg/220px-TVET_as_a_proportion_of_all_upper_secondary_programmes.svg.png|thumb|TVET dị ka pasent nke mmemme sekọndrị niile]] E meela ikpe ahụ n'ime afọ ole na ole gara aga na mkpa ọ dị inye ndị ntorobịa ọzụzụ teknụzụ iji kwadebe ha kpọmkwem maka ọrụ. TVET na agụmakwụkwọ ọrụ aka ga-enyere aka idozi nsogbu nkà. Mba ụfọdụ gụnyere [[Switzerland]], [[Netherlands]], Singapore, [[Austria]], [[Norway]] na Germany enweela ihe ịga nke ọma n'ịzụlite agụmakwụkwọ ọrụ aka ma belata enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa ruo ọkara nke OECD.<ref name="mckinsey.com"/> A na-ekwukarị ihe kpatara atọ maka ihe mere agụmakwụkwọ ọrụ aka ji bụrụ akụkụ nke mmemme ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị iji lụso enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa ọgụ: * Nke mbụ, nyocha ikpe na-egosi na mmemme ọzụzụ ọrụ aka siri ike na-ebelata enweghị ọrụ ma na-amụba ụgwọ ọrụ. Ọtụtụ ọmụmụ mba egosila njikọ dị n'etiti mmezu nke agụmakwụkwọ ọrụ aka na mbelata ohere nke enweghị ọrụ na ego dị elu.<ref>CEDEFOP, The benefits of vocational education and training, 2011; OECD Review of Vocational Education and Training – Learning for Jobs, 2011; CEDEFOP, Vocational Education and Training, Key to the Future, 2010.</ref> Na mba ebe ndebanye aha na agụmakwụkwọ ọrụ aka na ụlọ ọrụ na-erughị 15%, ohere ndị na-eto eto ga-enweghị ọrụ bụ okpukpu abụọ karịa nke mba ebe ndebe aha karịrị 15%.<ref name="OECD, Employment Outlook, 2011">{{Cite web|url=http://www.oecd.org/employment/emp/oecdemploymentoutlook.htm|title=OECD, Employment Outlook, 2011|accessdate=17 December 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150102084557/http://www.oecd.org/employment/emp/oecdemploymentoutlook.htm|archivedate=2 January 2015}}</ref> * Nke abụọ, agụmakwụkwọ ọrụ aka na-eme ka ndị were mmadụ n'ọrụ na-arụpụta ihe. Ọtụtụ ọmụmụ gafee mba achọpụtala na itinye ego dị elu na ọzụzụ ọrụ aka na-ejikọta ya na mmụba nke mmepụta ihe.<ref name="OECD, Employment Outlook, 2011" /> * Nke atọ, agụmakwụkwọ ọrụ aka nwere uru dị ukwuu na mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya: agụmakwụkwọ aka ejikọtara na ọmụmụ ihe iji meziwanye nha nhata ego, itinye aka na mmekọrịta mmadụ n'otu, ọnụ ọgụgụ mpụ dị ala, na ahụike na ahụike ka mma.<ref>CEDEFOP, The benefits of vocational education and training, 2011</ref> Ruo n'ókè agụmakwụkwọ ọrụ aka na-ebelata enweghị ọrụ, ọ na-ewetakwa uru mmekọrịta ọha na eze sara mbara metụtara ọrụ dị elu. A chọpụtakwala nkà ntọala dị ka isi ihe maka mgbanwe na-aga nke ọma na ọrụ. "N'ime mba OECD, nsonaazụ PISA na-egosi na ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ otu n'ime ụmụ akwụkwọ ise anaghị eru ọkwa kachasị mma iji rụọ ọrụ na ọha mmadụ taa". Na nkezi, pasent 20 nke ndị na-eto eto na-ahapụ tupu ha agwụcha ọkwa agụmakwụkwọ sekọndrị dị elu.<ref name="OECD Action Plan for Youth" /> Mmụta ọrụ aka na-ezube ịkụzi nkà ntọala, yana inye nhọrọ ọzọ maka ụzọ agụmakwụkwọ n'ozuzu ya na ọzụzụ ọrụ bara uru. Ọtụtụ mba gburugburu ụwa na-enye mmemme iji melite nkà ndị ntorobịa na ọrụ. Otu n'ime ha bụ [[Turkéy|Turkey]], nke lekwasịrị anya n'ịzụ ụmụ akwụkwọ na nkà nke ga-enyere ha aka na-azụ ahịa nke onwe ha, yana ọchụnta ego. [[Obodoézè Nà Ofú|United Kingdom]] na [[Ostraliya|Australia]] agbalịwo imeziwanye mmụta. N'ezie, a na-eji ndị a enye ọzụzụ maka ndị ntorobịa na ọrụ ndị na-abụghị omenala. Nzọụkwụ maka ndị ntorobịa na ọrụ lekwasịrị anya n'ịme ka mgbanwe site n'ụlọ akwụkwọ ma ọ bụ ọzụzụ gaa n'ọrụ na ọrụ, dịka ọmụmaatụ ozi ọrụ, ndụmọdụ na ọrụ nduzi.<ref name=":12">{{Cite book|url=http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0023/002330/233030e.pdf|title=Unleashing the Potential: Transforming Technical and Vocational Education and Training|author=Marope|first=P.T.M|publisher=UNESCO|year=2015|isbn=978-92-3-100091-1|pages=74|accessdate=5 April 2017}}</ref>  === Ịkụzi nkà nke narị afọ nke 21 === Usoro agụmakwụkwọ na-arụ ọrụ dị mkpa na arụmụka banyere nsogbu ahịa ọrụ ndị ntorobịa. Ihe doro anya bụ na ọ dị mkpa inwe mgbanwe dị ukwuu n'ihe anyị na-akụzi na n'ụzọ anyị na-akụziri. Otu ụzọ a ma ama nke ndị nkụzi dị iche iche na-ewere bụ ịgbanwe nkuzi site na nkuzi na-elekwasị anya na ihe ọmụma gaa na nkuzi-elekwasịwasị anya na nkà.<ref>Charles Fadel. 21st Century Skills: Learning for Life in Our Times (2009). Wiley</ref> "Iji mee ka mgbanwe ahụ pụta ìhè site na ọdịnaya na usoro mmụta dị mma nke ọdịnaya na nkà, ndị na-enye agụmakwụkwọ kwesịrị ime ka ọ bụrụ ebumnuche ha ịmepụta usoro nkà nduzi nke na-enye ndị nkuzi na ndị prọfesọ ohere ịhụ ụdị nkà na ọdịnaya ha kwesịrị inye ụmụ akwụkwọ ha. ''Ụlọ akwụkwọ agụmakwụkwọ niile kwesịrị ịrụ ọrụ iji nabata ma ọ bụ mepụta usoro nkà kwesịrị ekwesị nke kwekọrọ na ahịa ọrụ, nke na-agbanwe agbanwe maka ndị nkụzi iji gbanwee isiokwu ma ọ bụ ọkwa ha. Ọzọkwa, usoro a kwesịrị ịrụ ọrụ dị ka akwụkwọ dị ndụ nke ụlọ akwụkwọ na mahadum nwere ike ịgbanwe iji kwekọọ na obodo ha ma ọ bụ iji kwado mgbanwe na ahịa.''" === Ịchụnta ego === [[Usòrò:Media_Entrepreneurship_Definition.jpg|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Media_Entrepreneurship_Definition.jpg/220px-Media_Entrepreneurship_Definition.jpg|thumb|Nkọwa nke Mgbasa Ozi]] Mgbe ị na-eburu n'uche mkpa ọ dị ịkwalite asọmpi site na ihe ọhụrụ na ihe okike, ọmụmụ ndị na-adịbeghị anya akwadowo maka ọchụnta ego dị ka ihe ngwọta dị irè maka enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ey.com/Publication/vwLUAssets/EY-Avoiding-a-lost-generation/$FILE/EY-G20-youth-unemployment.pdf|title=Avoiding a lost generation|publisher=Ernst and Young|year=2014|accessdate=17 December 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150131070152/http://www.ey.com/Publication/vwLUAssets/EY-Avoiding-a-lost-generation/$FILE/EY-G20-youth-unemployment.pdf|archivedate=31 January 2015}}</ref> Site na nhazi ziri ezi na usoro nchịkwa dị mfe, ndị na-eto eto nwere ike ịmepụta ụlọ ọrụ dị ka ụzọ ịchọta ma mepụta ọrụ ọhụrụ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/16e3ee1e-ecc6-11e4-a81a-00144feab7de,Authorised=false.html?_i_location=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ft.com%2Fcms%2Fs%2F0%2F16e3ee1e-ecc6-11e4-a81a-00144feab7de.html%3Fsiteedition%3Dintl&siteedition=intl&_i_referer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.ch%2F|title=Review: Generation Jobless? By Peter Vogel|work=Financial Times|year=2015|first=Emma|author=Jacobs}}</ref> Dị ka OECD si kwuo, obere ụlọ ọrụ na ụlọ ọrụ ndị dị n'etiti bụ ndị isi na-ewe mmadụ n'ọrụ taa na 33% nke ọrụ ndị e mepụtara n'ime afọ iri gara aga. Ọ na-egosi na nnukwu ụlọ ọrụ anaghịzi anọchite anya isi ihe na-eweta ọrụ nakwa na ọ dị mkpa ịkwadebe ndị na-eto eto maka ọdịbendị ọchụnta ego. A na-elekarị nhọrọ a anya dị ka ụzọ isi nye ndị na-eto eto ike iwere ọdịnihu ha n'aka ha: ọ pụtara itinye ego n'ịkụziri ha nkà idu ndú na njikwa ha chọrọ iji bụrụ ndị na-emepụta ihe na ndị ọchụnta ego.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/amyrosen/2013/11/18/the-entrepreneurship-answer-to-youth-unemployment/2/%20|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131123224150/http://www.forbes.com/sites/amyrosen/2013/11/18/the-entrepreneurship-answer-to-youth-unemployment/2/|archivedate=23 November 2013|title=The entrepreneurship answer to youth unemployment|work=Forbes|date=18 November 2013|author=Rosen|first=Amy}}</ref> Nkà ndị a gụnyekwara: nkwurịta okwu, ịrụkọ ọrụ ọnụ, mkpebi, nkà nhazi na obi ike onwe onye. Ihe ngwọta a na-ejikọta ya na ahịa ọrụ na ụkpụrụ dịka a ka ga-eme ọtụtụ mgbanwe iji hụ na ahịa ahụ na-agbanwe agbanwe iji kpalie ndị na-eto eto ịmepụta ụlọ ọrụ. Ụtụ isi na nkwalite azụmaahịa bụ isi iji kwado ndị ọchụnta ego na-eto eto n'ịmepụta na ịbawanye azụmaahịa ha.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/ey/2014/09/05/10-recommendations-to-help-reduce-youth-unemployment-through-entrepreneurship/|title=10 recommendations to help reduce youth unemployment through entrepreneurship|work=Forbes|date=5 September 2014|first=Maria|author=Pinelli|accessdate=19 September 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180302045342/https://www.forbes.com/sites/ey/2014/09/05/10-recommendations-to-help-reduce-youth-unemployment-through-entrepreneurship/|archivedate=2 March 2018}}</ref> Nnyocha usoro nyochara ihe akaebe banyere ịdị irè nke ụdị ntinye aka dị iche iche iji melite nsonaazụ ahịa ọrụ nke ndị ntorobịa.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Kluve|first=Jochen|title=Interventions to improve the labour market outcomes of youth: A systematic review of training, entrepreneurship promotion, employment services and subsidized employment interventions|journal=Campbell Systematic Reviews|date=4 December 2017|volume=13|issue=1|pages=1–288|doi=10.4073/csr.2017.12}}</ref> Ihe akaebe na-egosi na ntinye aka n'ọrụ ndị ntorobịa n'ozuzu ya na-eme ka ọrụ na ego a na-enweta na-abawanye, mana mmetụta dị obere ma na-agbanwe agbanwe. Nnyocha a chọpụtara na ntinye aka maka nkwalite ọchụnta ego na ọzụzụ nkà na-egosi ihe dị mma, na ụfọdụ ọnụ ọgụgụ dị ịrịba ama, mmetụta, ebe mmemme na-enye ọrụ ọrụ na ọrụ enyemaka na-egosi mmetụta na-enweghị isi. Ịrụ ọrụ na-adabere n'akụkụ ndị gbara ya gburugburu gụnyere mba, imewe mmemme, na njirimara nke ndị nnata. === Enyemaka maka ndị ntorobịa na mgbanwe gaa n'ụwa ọrụ === Ọtụtụ nnyocha egosiwo na anaghị enye ndị na-eto eto ndụmọdụ zuru oke banyere ohere metụtara ọrụ, nkà dị mkpa na ụzọ ọrụ. Tupu ha ahapụ agụmakwụkwọ, o yiri ka ọ dị oke mkpa na ha nwere ike ịnweta ozi a iji kwadebe nke ọma maka ihe ha ga-atụ anya na ihe a na-atụ anya ya. Ezigbo nduzi ọrụ yana atụmanya ahịa ọrụ kwesịrị inyere ndị na-eto eto aka ịhọrọ ọrụ ka mma. Ụfọdụ ndị na-eto eto na-ahọrọ ịmụ ubi nke na-eweta ohere ole na ole maka ọrụ n'ọdịnihu. Gọọmentị, ndị were mmadụ n'ọrụ na ndị na-enye ọzụzụ kwesịrị ịrụkọ ọrụ ọnụ iji nye ndị ntorobịa ụzọ doro anya. N'otu aka ahụ, a ga-emepụta mmemme iji mee ka ndị na-eto eto banye n'ụwa ọrụ. N'ebe a, agụmakwụkwọ ọrụ aka na usoro mmụta egosila na omume na ọzụzụ n'ọrụ nwere ike inwe mmetụta dị mma.<ref name="mckinsey.com"/> == Hụkwa == == Njikọ mpụga == == Ebemsidee == <references responsive="1"></references> dtd5jstbtxlwqdf48hhix9n5q874hxp 644543 644542 2026-05-31T06:38:15Z Geraldine Kene 23189 Fixed reference error 644543 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Usòrò:1_-_Hamburg_1._Mai_2014_06.JPG|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/1_-_Hamburg_1._Mai_2014_06.JPG/240px-1_-_Hamburg_1._Mai_2014_06.JPG|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|240x240px|Ndị na-eto eto na-eme mkpesa maka enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa na Hamburg.]] '''Enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa''' bụ ọnọdụ nke ndị na-eto eto na-achọ ọrụ, mana ha enweghị ike ịchọta ọrụ, ebe afọ dị iche iche bụ nke United Nations kọwara dị ka afọ nke iri na ise rue afọ iri abụọ na anọ. A na-akọwa onye na-enweghị ọrụ dị ka onye na-adịghị arụ ọrụ mana ọ na-achọsi ọrụ ike. Iji ruo eruo dị ka onye na-enweghị ọrụ maka nyocha gọọmentị na ọnụ ọgụgụ, onye ahụ ga-enwerịrị enweghị ọrụ, dị njikere ma nwee ike ịrụ ọrụ, nke "afọ ọrụ" a họpụtara (nke na-abụkarị site na ndị nọ n'afọ iri na ụma ruo n'etiti afọ iri isii gaba n' iru) ma na-achọsi ọrụ ike. Ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị na-eto eto na-enweghị ọrụ na-adịkarị elu karịa ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị okenye na mba ọ bụla n'ụwa. A kọwawo enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa dị ka ihe dị mkpa, ma ọ bụrụ na ọ bụghị isi ihe na-akpali mgbanwe, ọgba aghara ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na ọha mmadụ, na esemokwu megide usoro na steeti. N'akụkọ ihe mere eme, a na-ejikọta ya na ọgba aghara na mgbanwe ma ọ bụ ịkwatu ọchịchị na mgbanwe ọha na eze, na esemokwu dị ka Arab Spring, agha obodo Russia na mgbanwe French niile na-esite n'ụzọ dị ukwuu n'enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa.<ref>{{Cite journal|url=https://doi.org/10.1177/110330881001800304|title=Mungiki as youth movement: Revolution, gender and generational politics in Nairobi, Kenya|first=Jacob|author=Rasmussen|date=1 August 2010|journal=Young|volume=18|issue=3|pages=301–319|doi=10.1177/110330881001800304}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/1468-2397.00207|title=Youth, unemployment and political marginalisation|first=Ann-Helén|author=Bay|date=27 June 2002|journal=International Journal of Social Welfare|volume=11|issue=2|pages=132–139|doi=10.1111/1468-2397.00207}}</ref><ref>[http://www.csps.org.bn/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/CSPS-Journal-Vol7-July-2019.pdf#page=9 The Fourth Industrial Revolution, Job Futures and Policy Implications for Reducing Youth Unemployment in Brunei by: Darussalam Diana Cheong]</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|url=https://www.academia.edu/31241318|first=Andrea|author=Ansani|title=About a Revolution: The Economic Motivations of the Arab Spring|journal=International Journal of Development and Conflict|year=2012|volume=2|issue=3|pages=1250013|doi=10.1142/S2010269012500135}}</ref> == Ihe ndị mere n'oge gara aga == [[Usòrò:Youth_Unemployment_rate_in_OECD.svg|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Youth_Unemployment_rate_in_OECD.svg/500px-Youth_Unemployment_rate_in_OECD.svg.png|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|500x500px|Ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị na-eto eto na-enweghị ọrụ na mba OECD (afọ 15-24)]] E nwere ijeri ndị ntorobịa 1.2 n'ụwa niile dị n'agbata afọ iri na ise ga ruo afọ iri abụọ na anọ, nke mejupụtara pesenti iri na asaa nke ndị bi n'ụwa. Pesenti iri asatọ na asaa n'ime ha bi na mba ndị na-emepe emepe.<ref name="unworldyouthreport.org">{{Cite web|url=http://www.unworldyouthreport.org/|title=UN World Youth Report 2012. The UN Focal Point for Youth, 2012|accessdate=17 December 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141213062319/http://www.unworldyouthreport.org/|archivedate=13 December 2014}}</ref><ref name="unworldyouthreport.org" /> Afọ ole United Nations kọwapụtara na-ekwu maka oge agụmakwụkwọ iwu na-akwụsị ruo mgbe ọ dị afọ iri abụọ na ano.<ref name="unworldyouthreport.org" /><ref name="Portrait13Countries">{{Cite journal|author=Martin|first=Gary|title=A portrait of the youth labor market in 13 countries, 1980-2007|journal=Monthly Labor Review|date=July 2009|pages=3–21}}</ref> Nkọwa a ka na-ese okwu n'ihi na ọ bụghị naanị na ọ na-emetụta ọnụ ọgụgụ enweghị ọrụ kamakwa ọ na-arụ ọrụ dị mkpa na ngwọta ndị ndị na-eme iwu n'ụwa. Nnukwu arụmụka abụọ na-aga n'ihu taa. Nke mbụ, ịkọwa afọ nke ndị ntorobịa abụghị ihe doro anya dị ka o yiri. Echiche abụọ na-achịkwa arụmụka a. Enwere ike ịhụ ndị ntorobịa dị ka ọkwa dị n'etiti afọ iri na ụma na ogo mmadụ ma ọ bụ dị ka otu ndị na-ewu ewu na mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya, na-eme ka o sie ike ịmepụta ọgbọ dị n'agbata mba.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Gough|first=Katherine V.|title=Youth employment in a globalising world|journal=International Development Planning Review|year=2013|volume=35|issue=2|doi=10.3828/idpr.2013.7|url=https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/20614}}</ref><ref name="Youth employment-globalising world">{{Cite journal|author=Gough|first=Katherine V.|title=Youth employment in a globalising world|journal=International Development Planning Review|year=2013|volume=35|issue=2|pages=91–102|doi=10.3828/idpr.2013.7|url=https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/20614}}</ref> Nke abụọ, nkọwa nke enweghị ọrụ n'onwe ya na-eduga na ohere nke ịghara ịkọwa ọtụtụ ndị na-eto eto hapụrụ ọrụ. A na-ewere ndị na-enweghị ọrụ ma na-achọghị ọrụ na-adịghị arụ ọrụ na ụmụ nwanyị na-adịghị eme ihe, ya mere a na-ewepụ ha na ọnụ ọgụgụ enweghị ọrụ.<ref name="books.google.fr">[https://books.google.com/books?id=NxmmxZcrRPYC&pg=PA194&lpg=PA194&dq=unemployment+statistics+young+people+not+actively+seeking+work&source=bl&ots=2PdN2Ka1uf&sig=m_QusYEh8TYyxt6hTz3sYNfuT2M&hl=en&sa=X&ei=xAuQVIDOPMb2UOvvgLAH&ved=0CD8Q6AEwAw#v=onepage&q=unemployment%20statistics%20young%20people%20not%20actively%20seeking%20work&f=false Youth and Skills: Putting Education to Work], UNESCO, 2012</ref> Ntinye ha ga-eme ka ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị na-enweghị ọrụ dịkwuo elu.<ref name="books.google.fr" />{{Clear}} == Ihe Ndị Na-akpata enweghị ọrụ == E nwere ọtụtụ ihe dị mgbagwoju anya na-akpata enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa. N'etiti ha, ogo na mkpa nke agụmakwụkwọ, ahịa ọrụ na iwu na-adịghị agbanwe agbanwe, nke na-emepụta ọnọdụ enyemaka na ịdabere, bụ isi ihe kpatara ya a tụlere taa. === Site na agụmakwụkwọ banye n'ọrụ: nsogbu nkà === A na-elekarị àgwà na mkpa agụmakwụkwọ anya dị ka isi ihe kpatara enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa. N'afọ puku abụọ na iri , na iri abụọ na ise n'ime mba iri abụọ na asaa mepere emepe, ọnụ ọgụgụ kachasị elu nke enweghị ọrụ dị n'etiti ndị nwere agụmakwụkwọ praịmarị ma ọ bụ obere. N'agbanyeghị nke ahụ, agụmakwụkwọ dị elu anaghị ekwe nkwa ọrụ dị mma. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, na [[Tunisia]], pesenti iri anọ na asaa nke ndị gụsịrị akwụkwọ na mahadum enweghị ọrụ na pesenti iri abụọ na anọ nke ndị na-agụsị akwụkwọ.<ref name="weforum.org">[http://www.weforum.org/community/global-agenda-councils/youth-unemployment-visualization-2013 '''Global Agenda Councils''' -Youth Unemployment Visualization] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141218132035/http://www.weforum.org/community/global-agenda-councils/youth-unemployment-visualization-2013 |date=18 December 2014 }}, World Economic Forum, 2013</ref> Nke a na-emetụta ụmụ agbọghọ gụrụ akwụkwọ nke ọma karịsịa. "Na [[Turkéy|Turkey]], ọnụ ọgụgụ enweghị ọrụ n'etiti ụmụ nwanyị gụrụ akwụkwọ na mahadum karịrị okpukpu atọ karịa nke ụmụ nwoke gụrụ akwụkwọ mahadum; na Iran na United Arab Emirates, ọ fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ okpukpu atọ; na Saudi Arabia, ọ bụ okpukpu asatọ".<ref name="weforum.org" /> E wezụga mkpa ọ dị iji hụ na ọ na-enweta mmadụ niile, agụmakwụkwọ anaghị adaba nke ọma na mkpa nke ahịa ọrụ, nke na-eduga na nsonaazụ abụọ: enweghị ike maka ndị na-eto eto ịchọta ọrụ na enweghị ike maka onye were ha n'ọrụ iji nweta nkà ha chọrọ. Gwakọta ya na nsogbu akụ na ụba na enweghị ọrụ zuru oke n'ọtụtụ mba, ọ kpatara ọnụ ọgụgụ enweghị ọrụ dị elu gburugburu ụwa na mmepe nke nsogbu nkà. Nnyocha na-atụ aro na ihe ruru ọkara nke azụmaahịa niile nwere ọnọdụ mepere emepe nke ha na-agba mbọ ịchọta ndị ruru eru.<ref name="ReferenceA">City & Guilds Centre for Skills Development, Skills Development, Attitudes and Perceptions, March 2008</ref> Otu nnyocha zuru ụwa ọnụ chọpụtara na ihe karịrị pesenti iri ise na ise nke ndị were mmadụ n'ọrụ n'ụwa niile kwenyere na enwere "nsogbu nkà" ka azụmaahịa na-ahụ enweghị nkwekọ na-arịwanye elu n'etiti nkà ụmụ akwụkwọ na-amụta na usoro agụmakwụkwọ na ndị achọrọ n'ebe ọrụ.<ref name="ReferenceA" /> Maka ọtụtụ gọọmentị, otu ajụjụ dị mkpa bụ otu ha ga-esi dozie ọdịiche a ma hụ na ndị na-eto eto nwere nkà ndị were ha n'ọrụ na-achọ. === Ahịa ọrụ na iwu === [[Usòrò:Labour-market-Supply-demand-Unemployment-cs.svg|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Labour-market-Supply-demand-Unemployment-cs.svg/220px-Labour-market-Supply-demand-Unemployment-cs.svg.png|thumb|Ahịa ọrụ-Supply-demand-Unemployment-cs]] Nke mbụ, ọkwa dị elu nke iwu nchedo ọrụ na-eme ka ndị were mmadụ n'ọrụ kpachara anya banyere iwe ihe karịrị ọnụ ọgụgụ dị ala nke ndị ọrụ n'ọrụ, ebe ọ bụ na enweghị ike ịchụ ha n'ọrụ n'oge nkwụsịtụ, ma ọ bụ chụpụ ha ma ọ bụrụ na onye ọrụ ọhụrụ ga-abụ onye na-enweghị mkpali ma ọ bụ onye na-erughị eru. Nke abụọ, mmepe nke ụdị ọrụ nwa oge dị ka internships, ọrụ oge na nkwekọrịta nwa oge ahapụla ndị ọrụ na-eto eto n'ọnọdụ dị egwu. N'ihi na ọrụ ha bụ nkwekọrịta nwa oge, ndị ntorobịa na-abụkarị ndị mbụ a chụrụ n'ọrụ mgbe ụlọ ọrụ na-ebelata.<ref name="ScarredGen"/><ref name="Portrait13Countries"/><ref name="RussianCrises">{{Cite journal|author=Demidova|first=Olga|title=The Impact of Crises on Youth Unemployment of Russian Regions: An Empirical Analyssi|journal=China-USA Business Review|date=July 2011|volume=10|issue=7|pages=471–507}}</ref> Ọ bụrụ na a chụọ ha n'ọrụ, ndị ntorobịa anaghị eru eru maka ịkwụ ụgwọ n'ihi na ha na ụlọ ọrụ ahụ na-arụ ọrụ naanị obere oge.<ref name="Furlong">{{Cite book|author=Furlong|first=Andy|title=Youth Studies: An Introduction|year=2012|publisher=Routledge|location=New York, N.Y.|pages=72–97}}</ref> Ozugbo ọrụ a gwụchara, ọtụtụ na-ahụ onwe ha na-enweghị ọrụ na enweghị ihe ịga nke ọma na ọchụchọ ọrụ. Otú ọ dị, ụfọdụ ndị ntorobịa na-abanye n'ọrụ na nwa oge n'oge agụmakwụkwọ tertiary. Ọnụ ọgụgụ a dị ala na mba ndị dị ka [[Italy|Ịtali]], Spain na [[France]] mana na United States ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ otu ụzọ n'ụzọ atọ nke ụmụ akwụkwọ na-ejikọta agụmakwụkwọ na ọrụ.<ref name="Portrait13Countries" /> A malitere ịjụ ajụjụ maka izi ezi nke nnwale ọrụ . Ebumnuche nke nnwale ọrụ bụ ikwe ka ụmụ akwụkwọ ma ọ bụ ndị gụsịrị akwụkwọ na nso nso a nweta ahụmịhe ọrụ na akwụkwọ ozi ndụmọdụ iji gbakwunye na coricolum vitee ha. Otú ọ dị, ọtụtụ ndị na-arụ ọrụ na-eme mkpesa na ha na-arụ naanị ọrụ grunt-ọrụ, kama ịmụta ihe ọmụma na nkà dị mkpa. Ma ọ bụ na ọnọdụ ndị a na-emezi emebi iwu gọọmentị etiti nke dị iji chịkwaa mmemme dịka ọzụzụ ka ga-ahụ. Otú ọ dị, ọrụ nkuzi ahụ yiri ka ọ bụ naanị ihe ọzọ dị irè maka itinye ọrụ maka onye na-eto eto. N'enweghị mmụba ọrụ ọ bụla, ọnụ ọgụgụ enweghị ọrụ n'etiti ndị ka si na kọleji pụta na njedebe nke ndị ntorobịa dị afọ 15-24 bụ ihe dịka 13.2% ka ọ na-erule n'ọnwa Eprel 2012.<ref name="Greenhouse">{{Cite news|author=Greenhouse|first=Steven|title=Jobs Few, Grads Flock to Unpaid Internships|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2012/05/06/business/unpaid-internships-dont-always-deliver.html?pagewanted=all&_r=1&|work=The New York Times|date=5 May 2012|accessdate=24 October 2013}}</ref> === Enyemaka na ịdabere === Ọtụtụ mba gburugburu ụwa na-enye enyemaka ego iji kwado ndị ntorobịa na-enweghị ọrụ ruo mgbe ahịa ọrụ na ọnọdụ akụ na ụba ka mma. Ọ bụ ezie na nkwado a nwere njikọ chiri anya na ọrụ n'ihe gbasara ịchọ ọrụ na ọzụzụ, ọ dugara na arụmụka na-apụta ma ọ na-emepụta ịdabere n'etiti ndị ntorobịa ma nwee mmetụta na-emerụ ha.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=jwHvDIm-TToC&pg=PA160&lpg=PA160&dq=youth+unemployment+income+assistance+and+dependency&source=bl&ots=QiJlrLlOBx&sig=NWrHw0iIYGAwjiIfxxj_tVLhz-w&hl=en&sa=X&ei=TxmQVNHgOsn4UPCqhLAI&ved=0CFIQ6AEwCQ#v=onepage&q=youth%20unemployment%20income%20assistance%20and%20dependency&f=false Handbook of Youth and Young Adulthood: New Perspectives and Agendas], Andy Furlong, 2009</ref> Na Septemba 2014, David Cameron kwupụtara na ọ ga-ebelata ụlọ na uru ọrụ maka ndị dị afọ 18 ruo 21 site na £ 3,000 ruo £ 23,000 iji belata ịdabere na enyemaka gọọmentị ma weghachite ego na mmemme ndị a lekwasịrị anya maka ohere mmụta na ọzụzụ. == HụNnyocha ikpe == Ahụmahụ nke enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa dịgasị iche site na mba ruo mba. Nkọwa nke ndị ntorobịa nwekwara ike ịdịgasị iche site na mba ruo mba ya mere nyocha nke mba ụfọdụ na-enye nghọta ka ukwuu banyere ihe kpatara na nsonaazụ nke enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa. === Afrịka === Obodo ndị nọ na Afriika Kọwara ndị ntorobịa dịka ndị nke sitere na afọ iri na ise rue na agbata afọ iri ato nke pụrụ iche na ọtụtụ nke otu nke United Nations.<ref name="Youth employment-globalising world"/> Obodo ndị nọ Afriika nwere ọnụ Ọgụgụ dị nta nke iji tụnyere mpaghara ụwa ndị ọzọ nke pụtara na nsogbu nke ndị ntorobịa enweghị ọrụ na mpaghara ụwa dị oké mkpa. Na agba nyeghị na enweghi ọrụ nke ndị ntorobịa dị elu, nkea emeghị ka ihe kpatara enweghị ọrụ bụrụ ihe amara nke Ọma, otutu ihe bụ ihe na akpata enweghị ọrụ, ihe ndị dịka ihe eji aluputa dị ụkọ, ma ọ bụ enweghị ezigbo nzere na agụmakwụkwọ, na emetụta ndị okenye na kwa ụmụntakịrị na mpaghara ụwa Afriika ke.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Irwin|first=Stacie|title=How youth-specific is Africa's youth employment challenge?|journal=Knowledge for Development (K4D) Emerging Issues Report|year=2018|url=https://opendocs.ids.ac.uk/opendocs/bitstream/handle/123456789/13861/How_youth-specific_is_Africa%E2%80%99s_youth_employment_challenge.pdf}}</ref> ihe ruru nde puku abụọ ndị mmadụ na mpaghara ụwa Afriika ndị nke no agbata afọ iri na ise rue agbata afọ iri abụọ na anọ. Ọnụ Ọgụgụ aka bụ nke ele were anya ka ọ mụbaa na otú ọhabu site n' ugbua rue na afọ iri atọ na abia abịa.<ref name="Youth employment-globalising world" /> N' ihe dịka n' afọ puku abụọ na otu na puku abụọ na iri, obodo ndị nọ na Afrịka kwuputara ụfọdụ obodo ndị akụ na ụba ha n' eto ngwa ngwa.<ref name="Youth employment-globalising world" /> Na Afriika , ozi nke ndị ntorobịa n' enweta site na ụlọ akwụkwọ na ndị okenye bụ ka ha bụrụ ndị na emepụta ọrụ karịa ịbụ ndị na achọ ọrụ nke na akwado ha ị bụ ndị mmepụta ọrụ ma ọ bụ ndị nọrọ nke ha.<ref name="Youth employment-globalising world" /> Kwa afọ , ọnụ ọgụgụ ruru nde iri na abụọ bụ ndị sitere na Mahadum na abanye n<nowiki>' ọgbọ ịchọ ọrụ ma nanị nde atọ n'ime ha n' enweta ọrụ. Nkea na egosi na '' ogugo ugwu nke ndị ntorobịa n' enweghị ọrụ na amụ a kwa afọ''</nowiki>. of them are getting jobs.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Bank|first=African Development|date=2020-01-30|title=African Economic Outlook 2020: Africa's economy forecast to grow despite external shocks|url=https://www.afdb.org/en/news-and-events/press-releases/african-economic-outlook-2020-africas-economy-forecast-grow-despite-external-shocks-33839|accessdate=2020-09-21|work=African Development Bank - Building today, a better Africa tomorrow|language=en}}</ref> === Armenia === Ọ bụ ihe na-adọrọ mmasị ịhụ ọnụ ọgụgụ dị elu nke enweghị ọrụ n'etiti ndị na-eto eto Armenia (34%), ọ bụ ezie na ọnụ ọgụgụ dị ukwuu nke ndị ntorobịa Armenia gụrụ akwụkwọ nke ọma. Ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ 99% nke ndị bi na ya agwụla agụmakwụkwọ sekọndrị, na 33.4% nwetara agụmakwụkwọ mahadum / kọleji.<ref>Serrière, N., 2014. [online] Un.am. Available at: https://web.archive.org/web/20151208111525/http://www.un.am/up/library/Labor%20Market_Armenia_eng.pdf</ref> Akụkụ dị ukwuu nke ndị na-enweghị ọrụ bụ ndị nwere ọkwa agụmakwụkwọ dị ala; Otú ọ dị, pasentị nke ndị na'enweghị ọrụ n'etiti ndị na-eto eto gụrụ akwụkwọ dịkwa elu. N'ozuzu, otu n'ime isi nsogbu na ahịa ọrụ Armenia bụ enweghị nkwekọ n'etiti nnyefe na ọchịchọ. Ọnọdụ dị elu nke enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa bụ ihe kachasị mkpa n'ọhịa ọrụ. Na Armenia, ọnụ ọgụgụ enweghị ọrụ n'etiti ndị dị afọ 1524 bụ 32.6% na 2019. Dị ka nnyocha ahụ si kwuo, 64,6% nke ụmụ okorobịa na 52.3% nke ụmụ nwanyị dị afọ 1925 na-arụ ọrụ.<ref>Armstat. (2020). Labour force survey. https://www.armstat.am/file/article/trud_2020_9.pdf</ref> Nnyocha ahụ gosikwara na ndị ntorobịa anaghị etinye aka na ụlọ ọrụ na mmepụta kemịkal, ọ bụ ezie na a chọrọ ndị ntorobịa n'ógbè ndị ahụ. === Canada === Ọnọdụ akụ na ụba [[Kánada|Canada]] emegidewo ndakpọ akụ na ụba ụwa karịa ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ. Mana n'afọ gara aga, 14.3% nke ndị ntorobịa Canada enweghị ọrụ, site na 11.2% na 2007 ma jiri okpukpu abụọ nke ọnụ ọgụgụ na-enweghị ọrụ nke mba ugbu a nke 7.2%, dị ka Statistics Canada si kwuo. Nke ahụ bụ nnukwu ọdịiche dị n'etiti ndị ntorobịa na ndị okenye na-enweghị ọrụ kemgbe 1977.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.ca/2013/10/07/youth-unemployment_n_4059291.html|title=Unemployment Plagues Young People Around The World|work=Huffington Post|date=7 October 2013|accessdate=24 June 2016|author=Mohamed Omar|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160812195705/http://www.huffingtonpost.ca/2013/10/07/youth-unemployment_n_4059291.html|archivedate=12 August 2016}}</ref> Onye gụsịrị akwụkwọ na sekọndrị na-ebu $ 28,000 n'ụgwọ ụmụ akwụkwọ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.ca/2013/07/10/youth-unemployment-canada_n_3574151.html|title=Unemployment 'Scarring' Youth And Parents, Liberals Say|work=Huffington Post|date=10 July 2013|accessdate=24 June 2016|author=CBC|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160812185322/http://www.huffingtonpost.ca/2013/07/10/youth-unemployment-canada_n_3574151.html|archivedate=12 August 2016}}</ref> Ọnụ ọgụgụ enweghị ọrụ maka ndị na-eto eto Canada bụ ihe dị ka okpukpu abụọ karịa nke ndị ọzọ bi na ya.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.ca/2012/03/28/youth-job-centres-shut-canada_n_1384502.html|title=Students Slam Ottawa For Shutting Youth Job Centres|work=Huffington Post|date=28 March 2012|accessdate=24 June 2016|author=CBC|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160812175709/http://www.huffingtonpost.ca/2012/03/28/youth-job-centres-shut-canada_n_1384502.html|archivedate=12 August 2016}}</ref> Na mpaghara kachasị ukwuu na Canada, Ontario, ọnụ ọgụgụ enweghị ọrụ maka ndị nọ n'agbata afọ 15 na 24 dị ihe dị ka 13%. Pasentị nke ndị ntorobịa nọ na Ontario ndị nwere ọrụ n'ezie arịghi karịa 52% n'afọ a. Ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị ntorobịa na-enweghị ọrụ na Toronto dị na 18%, mana naanị 43% nke ndị ntorobịa nọ n'ógbè ahụ na-arụ ọrụ, ọnụ ọgụgụ kachasị ala na mpaghara ahụ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://o.canada.com/business/ontario-facing-chronic-youth-unemployment|title=Ontario faces "chronic" youth unemployment|work=canada.com|date=27 September 2013|accessdate=24 June 2016|author=Peter Lozinski|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160919035507/http://o.canada.com/business/ontario-facing-chronic-youth-unemployment|archivedate=19 September 2016}}</ref> === Njikọ Europe === N'ihi nnukwu ndalata akụ na ụba na Europe, na 2009, naanị 15% nke ụmụ nwoke na 10% nke ụmụ nwanyị nọ n'agbata afọ 1619 na-arụ ọrụ oge niile. Ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị na-eto eto na-arụ ọrụ na European Union ruru ala ala nke 32.9% na ọkara mbụ nke afọ 2011.<ref>Furlong, Andy. "Chapter 4." Youth Studies an Introduction. Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge, 2013. 75. Print.</ref> N'ime mba ndị dị na European Union, Germany na-apụta na ọnụego dị ala nke 7.9%.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Tse|first=Terence|title=Demystifying Youth Unemployment|journal=World Economics|year=2013|volume=14|issue=3}}</ref> Ụfọdụ ndị nkatọ na-ekwu na mbelata nke enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa malitere ọbụna tupu ndakpọ akụ na ụba, mba ndị dị ka Gris na Spain. N'ọnwa Ọktoba 2019, nde mmadụ 3.2 (n'okpuru afọ 25) enweghị ọrụ na EU-28, nke nde 2.26 nọ na mpaghara euro. Ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị na-eto eto na-enweghị ọrụ bụ 14.4% na EU-28 na 15.6% na mpaghara euro, ma e jiri ya tụnyere ihe dị ka 25% na 2013. A hụrụ ọnụ ọgụgụ kachasị ala na [[Chekia|Czechia]] (5.5%) na Germany (5.8%) , ebe edere ọnụ ọgụgụ kachasị elu na Gris (33.1% na nkeji iri na ise nke 2019), Spain (32.8%) na Ịtali (27.8%).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php?title=Unemployment_statistics|title=Unemployment statistics|work=ec.europa.eu}}</ref> Mba dị iche iche ewepụtala atụmatụ Nkwado Ndị Ntorobịa na-elekwasị anya na enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ec.europa.eu/social/home.jsp?langId=en|title=Employment, Social Affairs & Inclusion - European Commission|work=ec.europa.eu}}</ref> === France === N'afọ 2017, ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị ntorobịa na-enweghị ọrụ na France bụ 22.3%, nke dị elu ma e jiri ya tụnyere ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị na-enweghị ihe ọ bụla nke 8.9%.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://data.oecd.org/unemp/unemployment-rate.htm#indicator-chart|title=Unemployment - Unemployment rate - OECD Data|work=theOECD|language=en|accessdate=5 May 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170902134800/https://data.oecd.org/unemp/unemployment-rate.htm#indicator-chart|archivedate=2 September 2017}}</ref> France nwere otu n'ime ọnụ ọgụgụ kachasị elu nke enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa n'etiti mba EU, na-esote Gris, Spain, Ịtali na [[Portugal]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://data.oecd.org/unemp/youth-unemployment-rate.htm#indicator-chart|title=Unemployment - Youth unemployment rate - OECD Data|work=theOECD|language=en|accessdate=5 May 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180506173509/https://data.oecd.org/unemp/youth-unemployment-rate.htm#indicator-chart|archivedate=6 May 2018}}</ref> BụỌnọdụ agụmakwụkwọ bụ ihe na-emetụta enweghị ọrụ maka ndị ntorobịa France. Ndị na-abanyeghị na mmemme agụmakwụkwọ ka elu nwere ọnụọgụ ọrụ nke 30% nke dị ala ma e jiri ya tụnyere ọnụọgụ ndị ọrụ nke ihe karịrị 80% maka ndị batara na agụmakwụkwọ dị elu.<ref name=":02">Cahuc, Pierre; Carcillo, Stéphane; Zimmermann, Klaus F. (2013) : The Employment of the Low-Skilled Youth in France, IZA Policy Paper, No. 64, Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA), Bonn</ref> France na-enwetakwa ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu nke ndị na-ahapụ ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị, na-akpata ọnụ ọgụgụ dị elu nke ndị ọrụ ntorobịa na-enweghị nkà. Enweghị ọzụzụ ọrụ aka ma ọ bụ nkà zuru oke nke ndị were mmadụ n'ọrụ na-achọ, ọtụtụ ndị ntorobịa France enweghị nhọrọ maka ọrụ.<ref name=":02" /> Okwu a nke enweghị ọrụ anọwo na atụmatụ French ruo ọtụtụ iri afọ ma kpalie ọtụtụ mgbalị iji belata mmetụta ya. N'afọ 2010, France guzobere iwu ọrụ iji setịpụ ụgwọ ọrụ kacha nta maka ndị ntorobịa. Ọzọkwa, mmemme ọha na eze na-agụnye ịkwalite ọzụzụ ọrụ iji kwado ndị ọrụ ka ha banye n'ọkwá ọhụrụ, ịmepụta ọrụ ndị ọzọ karịsịa maka ndị ọrụ nwere nkà dị ala, yana ibelata ụgwọ ọrụ site na enyemaka na mbọ ndị ọzọ.<ref>Fougère, Denis & Kramarz, Francis & Magnac, Thierry, 2000. "Youth Employment Policies In France,"CEPR Discussion Papers 2394, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.</ref> E jiri ya tụnyere mba ndị ọzọ mepere emepe na ndị otu OECD, France na-egosipụta ọnụ ọgụgụ enweghị ọrụ dị elu yana ogologo oge. Site na 1983 ruo 2018 ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị ntorobịa na-enweghị ọrụ na France nwere mmụba zuru oke. Ọ mere nkezi na ọnụọgụ nke 20.19% na-eru ihe kachasị elu nke 26.2% na 2012.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://kilm.ilo.org|title=Portal Home|work=kilm.ilo.org|accessdate=5 May 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160814222500/http://kilm.ilo.org/|archivedate=14 August 2016}}</ref> Site na 1979 ruo 1984, France hụrụ ụgwọ ọrụ kacha nta ya, SMIC (salaire minimum interprofessional de croissance), rịrị elu nke ukwuu. N'akụkọ ihe mere eme, ịrị elu nke SMIC egosila na ọ na-akpata mmụba nke enweghị ọrụ n'etiti ndị ntorobịa mba ahụ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ycharts.com/indicators/france_youth_unemployment_rate_lfs|title=France Youth Unemployment Rate|work=ycharts.com|language=en|accessdate=5 May 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180505135228/https://ycharts.com/indicators/france_youth_unemployment_rate_lfs|archivedate=5 May 2018}}</ref> Na ngwụcha oge a, enweghị ọrụ maka ndị ntorobịa bụ 26%, ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ okpukpu abụọ nke nkezi ndị ntorobịa na-enweghị ọrụ OECD.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Katz|first=Lawrence F.|title=A Comparison of Changes in the Structure of Wages in Four OECD Countries|url=https://scholar.harvard.edu/lkatz/publications/comparison-changes-structure-wages-four-oecd-countries|journal=Differences and Changes in Wage Structures|year=1995|language=en}}</ref> France hụkwara mbelata okpukpu abụọ n'ime ndị ntorobịa na-arụsi ọrụ ike n'ahịa ọrụ site na afọ 1980 - 2007.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Martin|first=Gary|date=2009|title=A portrait of the youth labor market in 13 countries, 1980–2007|journal=Monthly Labor Review|pages=3–21}}</ref> Na mgbalị iji lụso enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa ọgụ, France gbalịrị imeziwanye usoro agụmakwụkwọ ha n'ihi na France na-ahụ mbelata nke enweghị ọrụ n'etiti ndị natara ọkwa agụmakwụkwọ dị elu. Otú ọ dị, ndị na-amaghị nke ọma, ọ bụghị naanị na ha na-enwe ọnụ ọgụgụ na-arịwanye elu nke enweghị ọrụ, kamakwa ogologo oge nke enweghị ọrụ. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, na 1996, 58% nke ndị ọrụ kachasị ala gụrụ akwụkwọ nwere nkezi otu afọ nke enweghị ọrụ.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Gruber|first=Jonathan|date=January 2009|title=Social Security Programs and Retirement Around the World: The Relationship to Youth Employment, Introduction and Summary|doi=10.3386/w14647|url=http://www.nber.org/papers/w14647|accessdate=5 May 2018}}</ref> France emeela ihe ịga nke ọma n'ịbawanye agụmakwụkwọ dị elu n'etiti ndị ntorobịa ya, na-eru ihe mgbaru ọsọ Europe 2020 nke ibelata ịhapụ ụlọ akwụkwọ n'oge na-adịghị anya ruo n'okpuru 10%.<ref name="researchgate">{{Cite book|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/321724608|title=Assessing the Performance of School-to-Work Transition Regimes in the EU|author=P Hadjivassiliou|first=Kari|date=1 October 2016}}</ref> France na-enye agụmakwụkwọ dị elu n'efu ma gọọmentị na-enye ụmụ akwụkwọ ụgwọ ọrụ.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://cepr.net/blogs/beat-the-press/the-myth-of-high-youth-unemployment-in-france|title=The Myth of High Youth Unemployment in France|author=Baker|first=Dean|accessdate=5 May 2018|language=en-US}}</ref> Like other countries in the European Union, France has enacted school-to-work policies in order to facilitate the school-two-work transition for youths once they've completed their higher education. They have longer transition time for students entering the work force and include offers newly graduated students several tools to enhance their market inclusion. The government has taken several measures in an effort to lower labour costs such as subsidized employment contracts and multiple VET placements.<ref name="researchgate"/> However, these policies have appeared to return minor results as the country continues to report high youth unemployment rates especially among differing social classes. First, they are less effective among the youth migrant population who face disconnect from the labour market due to France's employment-centred economy experiencing, on average, unemployment rates that are 4% higher than non-migrant workers.<ref name="style-handbook.eu">{{Cite web|url=http://style-handbook.eu/contents-list/migration-and-mobility/gender-and-migrant-workers-fragile-transitions-from-education-to-employment/|title=Gender and migrant workers' fragile transitions from education to employment - STYLE Handbook|work=style-handbook.eu|language=en-GB|accessdate=5 May 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171228165706/http://style-handbook.eu/contents-list/migration-and-mobility/gender-and-migrant-workers-fragile-transitions-from-education-to-employment/|archivedate=28 December 2017}}</ref> Furthermore, there is also prevalent gender disparities among the younger population.<ref name="style-handbook.eu" /> === Gris === Ọnọdụ enweghị ọrụ nke ndị ntorobịa na Gris ka bụ otu n'ime ndị kachasị elu n'ụwa. Dị ka otu isi mmalite si kwuo, n'etiti afọ 2000 na 2008, enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa mụbara site na 63% ruo 72%.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Tubadji|first=Annie|year=2012|title=Youth Unemployment in Greece|url=http://library.fes.de/pdf-files/id/09475.pdf|pages=6|accessdate=3 December 2016}}</ref> Isi iyi dị iche na-eji nkọwa kwekọrọ ekwekọ nke enweghị ọrụ depụtara ọnụ ọgụgụ enweghị ọrụ nke ndị ntorobịa ruo afọ 24 dị ka 24.2% na Gris n'afọ 2009.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|year=2010|title=Economic Bulletin|url=https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/6402221.pdf#page=22|volume=33|pages=22|accessdate=3 December 2016}}</ref> Iji tinye nke a n'echiche, nkezi EU-27 n'oge ahụ bụ 18.3%.<ref name=":0" /> Enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa rịrị elu ruo 40.1% na Mee 2011 wee laghachi ọzọ ruo ihe dị ka 55% na Nọvemba 2012.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Ifanti|first=Amalia|year=2013|title=Financial crisis and austerity measures in Greece: Their impact on health promotion policies and public health care|journal=Health Policy|volume=113|issue=1–2|pages=1–2|doi=10.1016/j.healthpol.2013.05.017|pmid=23790265}}</ref> Na mgbakwunye na enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa (ya bụ ndị ruru afọ 25), Gris nwekwara nnukwu enweghị ọrụ nke ndị gụsịrị akwụkwọ nke afọ 2529. N'afọ 1998, Gris nwere ọkwa kachasị elu nke enweghị ọrụ nke ndị gụsịrị akwụkwọ na agụmakwụkwọ ka elu n'etiti afọ 25-29. Nke a bụ n'ihi enweghị ọchịchọ maka ndị ọrụ gụrụ akwụkwọ nke ọma n'oge ahụ.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Liagouras|first=George|year=2003|title=Exploring Mismatches Between Higher Education and the Labour Market in Greece|journal=European Journal of Education|volume=38|issue=4|pages=413–426|doi=10.1111/j.0141-8211.2003.00158.x}}</ref> Omume ọrụ a dị ala n'etiti ndị nwere agụmakwụkwọ dị elu na-aga n'ihu taa. N'oge na-adịbeghị anya dị ka afọ 2009, "otu n'ime ndị gụsịrị akwụkwọ na agụmakwụkwọ dị elu atọ, abụọ n'ime atọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ sekọndrị, na otu n'ime mmadụ atọ gụsịrịchara akwụkwọ na agụmụka iwu achọtabeghị ụdị ọrụ siri ike".<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Sotiris|first=Panagiotis|year=2010|title=Rebels with a Cause: The December 2008 Geek Youth Movement as the Condensation of Deeper Social and Political Contradictions.|journal=International Journal of Urban and Regional Research|volume=24|pages=203–209|doi=10.1111/j.1468-2427.2010.00949.x}}</ref> A na-eche na enweghị ọrụ a nyere aka na mmetụta nke nkụda mmụọ n'etiti ndị ntorobịa nke mesịrị duga na ọgba aghara ndị Gris na 2008. Ọnọdụ ndị a dị elu nke enweghị ọrụ na-akawanye njọ site na ọdịda nke òtù ọrụ iji dọta ndị ọrụ na-eto eto. Kọmitii Ndị Ọrụ Na-eto eto nke GSEE kpughere na ngosi 2008 na ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ụzọ abụọ n'ụzọ atọ nke ndị ọrụ na-eto eto esonyeghị n'òtù ọrụ ha.<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal|author=Kretsos|first=Lefteris|year=2011|title=Union responses to the rise of precarious youth employment in Greece|journal=Industrial Relations Journal|volume=42|issue=5|pages=412–506|doi=10.1111/j.1468-2338.2011.00634.x}}</ref> Ọ bụ ezie na òtù ndị ọrụ dị ka GSEE na ADEDY na-akwalite mmụba ụgwọ ọrụ site na mgbalị nkwekọrịta ma nye aka inweta ụgwọ ọrụ dị elu maka ndị ọrụ na-eto eto, ụgwọ ọrụ nke ndị ọrụ na'eto eto nọgidere na-adị ala karịa ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ mba ndị ọzọ niile dị na EU-15.<ref name=":1" /> === India === Ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị na-eto eto na-enweghị ọrụ dị ihe dị ka 10% na 2005, mana ha ekwughi ọnụ ọgụgụ a pụrụ ịdabere na ya na United Nations kemgbe ọtụtụ afọ.<ref name="UNStat"/> Otú ọ dị, e nweela mmụba n'etiti ndị okenye na-eto eto fọdụrụ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ ma nweta akara ugo mmụta ndị ọzọ naanị n'ihi na enweghị ohere maka ọrụ. Ndị ntorobịa a na-abụkarị ndị nọ n'ọkwá dị ala, mana ọ nwere ike ịnọchite anya ọtụtụ ndị mmadụ n'etiti agbụrụ na klas. Na [[Ndia|India]], usoro ọrụ na-adabere na njikọ ma ọ bụ ohere gọọmentị.<ref name="Timepass">{{Cite journal|author=Jeffrey|first=Craig|title=Timepass: Youth, class, and time among unemployed young men in India|journal=American Ethnologist|date=14 July 2010|volume=37|issue=3|pages=465–481|doi=10.1111/j.1548-1425.2010.01266.x}}</ref> === Ịtali ===   N'ime Eurozone, ọ bụ naanị [[Greece|Gris]] na [[Spain]] na-egosipụta ọnụ ọgụgụ dị elu nke enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa karịa Ịtali.<ref name="Bank 2014">{{Cite web|url=http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SL.UEM.1524.ZS|title=Unemployment, youth total (% of total labor force ages 15-24) (modeled ILO estimate)|author=Bank|first=World|date=2014|publisher=World Bank|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161201211409/http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SL.UEM.1524.ZS|archivedate=1 December 2016}}</ref> N'otu aka ahụ na Spain, pasentị nke ndị dị afọ 1524 e wepụrụ n'ahịa ọrụ hụrụ ịrị elu dị egwu mgbe nsogbu ego nke 2007 2008 gasịrị. N'agbata afọ 2008 na afọ 2014, enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa ji 21.5% rịa elu. Ka ọ na-erule n'afọ ahụ, ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ 43% nke ndị na-eto eto ewepụrụ n'ahịa ọrụ na Ịtali.<ref>{{Cite book|title=L'occupazione giovanile al tempo della crisi: Italia ed Austria a confronto.|author=Caccia|first=Flaminia|publisher=LUISS University|year=2015|pages=24}}</ref> Ọzọkwa, enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa na-ekesa n'ụzọ na-ahaghị nhata na mba ahụ dum. Na nkeji iri na ise nke atọ nke afọ 2014, naanị 29.7% nke ndị na-eto eto enweghị ọrụ na North. Ọnụ ọgụgụ a na-abawanye na 51.5% na-atụ egwu mgbe ị na-ele South nke Ịtali.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://dati.istat.it/Index.aspx?DataSetCode=DCCV_TAXDISOCCU|title=Tasso di disocupazione|author=ISTAT|date=2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161130193948/http://dati.istat.it/Index.aspx?DataSetCode=DCCV_TAXDISOCCU|archivedate=30 November 2016}}</ref> === Jọdan === E nwere nde ụmụ okorobịa iri na ise na-enweghị ọrụ n'obodo ndị Arab.<ref name="JordanCommunity">{{Cite journal|author=Hussainat|first=Mohammad. M.|title=The Impact of Unemployment on Young People in the Jordanian Community: A Case Study from Unemployed Perspective|journal=Asian Social Science|date=31 December 2012|volume=9|issue=1|doi=10.5539/ass.v9n1p155}}</ref> Ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị ntorobịa na-enweghị ọrụ na Jọdan dị elu karịa mba ndị ọzọ. N'ime afọ iri gara aga, ọnụego ahụ anọgidewo na 23%.<ref name="UNStat"/> E nweela mmụba n'oge na-adịbeghị anya na nkwenye a ma ama na enweghị ọrụ bụ ụta nke onye ọ bụla ọ bụghị nsogbu ọha na eze.<ref name="JordanCommunity" /> Otú ọ dị, enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa na-esokwa na nrụgide na-arịwanye elu na ngalaba ọrụ ndị na-ewe ọtụtụ ndị ntorobịa n'ọrụ na Jọdan.<ref name="JordanCommunity" /> Enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa emeela ka oge na oge ndị ọzọ nke alụmdi na nwunye na Jọdan, nke ụfọdụ na-ele anya dị ka otu n'ime ihe kachasị mkpa nke ihe omume ahụ.<ref name="JordanCommunity" /> Nsonaazụ ọzọ e nwere na Jọdan bụ nsogbu ahụike uche na-arịwanye elu.<ref name="JordanCommunity" /> N'afọ 2019, ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị ntorobịa na-enweghị ọrụ na Jọdan dị pasent 35.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Jordan - youth unemployment rate 2009-2019|url=https://www.statista.com/statistics/812127/youth-unemployment-rate-in-jordan/|accessdate=2020-09-21|work=Statista|language=en}}</ref> === Kenya === Kenya, nke bụ otu n'ime akụ na ụba na-eto ngwa ngwa na Sub-Saharan Africa, nke na-eme ka uto GDP nke 5.7% na 2019, nwere otu n'etiti ọnụ ọgụgụ kachasị elu nke ndị ntorobịa na-enweghị ọrụ n'Ebe Ọwụwa Anyanwụ Africa na data sitere na ọnụ ọgụgụ mba ahụ na-adịbeghị anya na-egosi enweghị ọrụ na-akawanye njọ maka ndị ntorobịa dị n'agbata afọ 18203. Dabere na ọnụ ọgụgụ mmadụ nke afọ 2019, ihe karịrị otu ụzọ n'ụzọ atọ nke ndị ntorobịa Kenya ruru eru ịrụ ọrụ enweghị ọrụ.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Trizer|first=Mwanyika|date=2019-11-04|title=2019 Kenya Population and Housing Census Results|url=https://www.knbs.or.ke/?p=5621|accessdate=2020-08-24|work=Kenya National Bureau of Statistics|language=en-US}}</ref> Ngụkọta nke 5,341,182 (38.9%) n'ime 13,777,600 na-eto eto Kenya enweghị ọrụ. Ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị ntorobịa dị afọ 18 ruo 34 bụ nde 13.7, nke 61% na-arụ ọrụ ebe nde 1.6 na-achọ ọrụ ma ọ bụ gosipụta na enweghị ọrụ. A na-ewere ndị na-eto eto Kenya dị ka ihe dị mkpa na mgbanwe akụ na ụba nke mba ahụ. Site na ọ dịkarịa ala 20% nke ndị bi na mba ahụ n'agbata afọ 15 na 24, a na-eto mba East Africa dị ka otu n'ime mba ndị nwere ike ị nweta ego site n'inye agụmakwụkwọ na ọrụ kwesịrị ekwesị maka ndị ntorobịa na-eto eto.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2016-04-04|title=Take advantage of demographic dividend|url=https://kenya.unfpa.org/en/news/take-advantage-demographic-dividend|accessdate=2020-08-24|work=UNFPA Kenya|language=en}}</ref> Demographic Divided na-ezo aka na uru akụ na ụba mba nwere ike inweta mgbe ọ nwere ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu nke ndị na-arụ ọrụ karịa ndị na-adịghị arụ ọrụ na-enye aka na akụ na ụba. Gọọmentị Kenya na-aga n'ihu na-eme ọganihu ụfọdụ n'ịgbalị ịnagide enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa dị elu site n'ịmepụta mmemme dị iche iche n'okpuru ọrụ nkwenye. Nke a gụnyere National Youth Service, The [http://www.youthfund.go.ke/ National Youth Enterprise Development Fund], The Women Enterprise Fund, Kazi Mtaani na Ajira Digital, nke na-enye ndị ntorobịa ikike dijitalụ iji mee ka ha nwee ike ịbanye na akụ na ụba dijitalụ.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Training of Kazi Mtaani Beneficiaries|url=https://youth.go.ke/kazi-mtaani/|accessdate=2022-02-07|language=en-US|archivedate=2022-02-07|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220207221214/https://youth.go.ke/kazi-mtaani/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Why Kenyan youths will have to wait longer to resume Kazi Mtaani activities|url=https://www.the-star.co.ke/news/2022-01-06-why-kenyan-youths-will-have-to-wait-longer-to-resume-kazi-mtaani-activities/|accessdate=2022-02-07|work=The Star|language=en-KE}}</ref> Dabere na akụkọ 2021 nke ụlọ ọrụ ICT, Innovations and Youth Affairs, pasent 5 nke ndị Kenya (1.3 nde) na-arụ ọrụ n'ịntanetị site na Ajira Digital Program na June 2021.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-09-30|title=1.2 Million People Working Online in Kenya|url=https://www.kenyaforum.net/economy/1-2-million-people-working-online-in-kenya/|accessdate=2022-02-07|work=The Kenya Forum|language=en}}</ref> '''''Iwu mmepe ndị ntorobịa'''''<ref>{{Cite web|title=NYC {{!}} NATIONAL YOUTH COUNCIL KENYA|url=https://www.nationalyouthcouncil.go.ke/|accessdate=2020-08-24|work=www.nationalyouthcouncil.go.ke}}</ref> nke Kenya 2019, nke a malitere na 12 Ọgọstụ 2020 n'oge emume mba nke ''Ụbọchị Ndị Ntorobịa Mba Nile'', na-amata ihe okike, ihe ọhụrụ, na mmepụta ihe nke ndị ntorobịa gosipụtara na ikike ha ịghọ ndị isi mgbanwe dị ka isi ike, na nkwa iji ike ndị a mee ihe maka mmezu nke mmụba nke ọnụ ọgụgụ mmadụ. Iwu ahụ na-enye usoro iji dozie ụfọdụ ihe ịma aka ndị ntorobịa na-eche ihu na Kenya, gụnyere enweghị ọrụ dị mma. === Rọshịa === Enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa na Russia karịrị 18% na 2010.<ref name="UNStat">{{Cite web|title=Youth unemployment rate, aged 15-24, men|url=http://unstats.un.org/unsd/mdg/SeriesDetail.aspx?srid=597|publisher=United Nations Statistic Division|accessdate=10 April 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131203024313/http://unstats.un.org/unsd/mdg/SeriesDetail.aspx?srid=597|archivedate=3 December 2013}}</ref> Otú ọ dị, e nwere nnukwu ọdịiche na ọkwa enweghị ọrụ na Russia naanị afọ ole na ole tupu mgbe ahụ, nke gara n'ihu site na nsogbu akụ na ụba nke afọ 2008. N'afọ 2005, mpaghara dị gburugburu Moscow nwere ọnụ ọgụgụ enweghị ọrụ nke naanị 1% ebe mpaghara Dagestan nwere ọnụ ọgụgụ karịrị 22%. Nke a nwere ike ịbụ n'akụkụ ụfọdụ n'ihi ọdịiche dị na ọkwa mmepe na mpaghara ahụ. Achọpụtala na ọkwa dị elu nke mmepe na mpaghara, ọkwa nke enweghị ọrụ zuru oke na nke ndị ntorobịa dị ala.<ref name="RussianCrises"/><ref name="RussianDeterminants">{{Cite journal|author=Demidova|first=Olga|title=Determinants of youth unemployment in Russian regions|journal=Post-Communist Economies|year=2012|volume=24|issue=2|pages=191–217|doi=10.1080/14631377.2012.675155}}</ref> Na Russia, isi ihe kpatara enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa bụ n'ihi ọkwa dị ala nke isi obodo mmadụ.<ref name="RussianCrises"/> === Saụt Afrịka === Malite na 1970s, enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa anọwo na-arị elu na South Africa.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Labor Markets and Economic Development|author=Kanbur, Svejnar|first=Ravi, Jan|publisher=Routledge|year=2009|location=Abingdon, Oxon|pages=91}}</ref> Taa, a na-ahụta South Africa dị ka mba nke anọ nwere pasent kachasị elu nke ndị ntorobịa na-enweghị ọrụ n'ụwa. Ka ọ na-erule n'afọ 2014, 52.6% nke ndị dị afọ 15 na 24 na-achọ ọrụ enweghị ọrụ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SL.UEM.1524.ZS|title=Unemployment, youth total (% of total labor force ages 15-24) (modeled ILO estimate)|author=Bank|first=World|date=2014|work=World Bank|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161201211409/http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SL.UEM.1524.ZS|archivedate=1 December 2016}}</ref> Ọzọkwa, enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa na-ekesa n'ụzọ na-ahaghị nhata n'akụkụ dị iche iche nke ndị mmadụ. Ọ bụ ezie na enweghị ọrụ n'etiti ndị na-eto eto na-acha ọcha ruru 12%, ọnụ ọgụgụ a na-arị elu ruo 70% na-enye nsogbu n'etiti ụmụ okorobịa ojii.<ref name=":2">Mlatsheni, C., & Sandrine, R. (2002). ''Why is Youth Unemployment so High and Unequally spread in South Africa?'' University of Cape Town. </ref> O nwere ike ịbụ na mmetụta fọdụrụ n'oge ịkpa ókè agbụrụ emeela ka ebe ọrụ dị anya site n'ụlọ ndị isi ojii ma e jiri ya tụnyere ndị ọcha. Nke a, ịkpa ókè na-adịgide adịgide, na nzụlite na-ahaghị nhata so n'ọtụtụ ihe kpatara nkesa na-adịghị mma nke enweghị ọrụ n'etiti ndị na-eto eto ọcha na ndị isi ojii South Africa.<ref name=":3">{{Cite journal|author=Abhijit|first=Banerjee|year=2008|title=Why has unemployment risen in South Africa?|journal=Economics of Transition|volume=16|issue=4|pages=715–740|doi=10.1111/j.1468-0351.2008.00340.x}}</ref> Ọtụtụ n'ime ndị ntorobịa na-enweghị ọrụ arụtụbeghị ọrụ. Ihe a tụrụ aro maka nke a bụ na mmemme ezumike nká nke South Africa dị oke mmesapụ aka ma e jiri ya tụnyere mba ndị ọzọ na-enweta ego dị n'etiti. A na-akwụ ụfọdụ ndị South Africa nọ n'ọkwá dị elu (nke na-emetụta ndị ọcha) ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ okpukpu abụọ nke ego onye ọ bụla na-enweta. Nke a emeela ka ọtụtụ n'ime ndị ntorobịa na-enweghị ọrụ na-adị ndụ site na nkwado ndị okenye ha, si otú a belata mkpali ịchọ ọrụ.<ref name=":3"/> Na mgbakwunye, ụgwọ ọnwa nke ọtụtụ ndị na-eto eto Afrịka dị elu nke ukwuu. Ihe dị ka 60% nke ụmụ nwoke na 40% nke ụmụ nwanyị nwere ụgwọ ọrụ dị elu karịa ka ha nwere ike ịtụ anya ya site na obere ụlọ ọrụ.<ref name=":4">{{Cite journal|author=Rankin|first=Neil|year=2011|title=Youth Unemployment, Firm Size and Reservation Waves in South Africa|url=https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/24027/1/MPRA_paper_24027.pdf|journal=South African Journal of Economics|volume=79|issue=2|pages=128–145|doi=10.1111/j.1813-6982.2011.01272.x|accessdate=10 December 2019}}</ref> Ụfọdụ na-atụle ikike ha nwere inweta ọrụ site na ụlọ ọrụ ndị na-asọmpi, na-akwụ ụgwọ dị elu, nnukwu ụlọ ọrụ ma si otú a nọgide na-enweghị ọrụ. Ụgwọ ọrụ dị elu nke ụlọ ọrụ ndị buru ibu, na mgbakwunye na ụgwọ ọrụ (dị ka njem ma ọ bụ ụgwọ ụlọ), na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ na ọ gaghị ekwe omume maka ụfọdụ ndị ntorobịa ịnabata ọrụ na-akwụ ụgwọ dị ala site na obere ụlọ ọrụ. Ya mere, ọtụtụ n'ime ndị ntorobịa nọ na South Africa họọrọ ịnọgide na-enweghị ọrụ ruo mgbe ha nwere ike ịchọta ọrụ na ụlọ ọrụ buru ibu.<ref name=":4" /> Ndị ntorobịa South Africa na-enwekwa nsogbu agụmakwụkwọ. Ọtụtụ na-ahapụ usoro agụmakwụkwọ n'oge. Ndị ọzọ na-eche enweghị nkwenye nkà site n'aka ndị were ha n'ọrụ ihu, "ọbụlagodi na ha nwere nzere na ngalaba ndị a na-ewere dị ka ndị a chọrọ nke ukwuu".<ref name="Garcia, J. R. 2011">Garcia, J. R. (2011). ''Desempleo juvenil en España: causas y soluciones.'' Madrid: BBVA.</ref> N'ime nkeji iri na ise nke afọ 2020, e nwere nde ndị na-eto eto 20.4 dị afọ 1534 . Ndị na-eto eto a mejupụtara 63.3% nke ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị na-enweghị ọrụ. Ọnụ ọgụgụ enweghị ọrụ n'ime otu a bụ 43.2% na nkeji iri na ise nke afọ 2020. Ndị ntorobịa dị afọ 15 na 24 bụ ndị kachasị ike n'ahịa ọrụ South Africa dịka ọnụọgụ enweghị ọrụ n'etiti ndị ọgbọ a bụ 59.0% na nkeji iri na ise nke afọ 2020. N'etiti ndị gụsịrị akwụkwọ n'afọ ndụ a, ọnụ ọgụgụ enweghị ọrụ bụ 33.1% n'oge a ma e jiri ya tụnyere 24.6% na nkeji iri anọ nke afọ 2019 bụ mmụba nke 8.5 pasentị nkeji iri na ise.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Africa|first=Statistics South|title=Vulnerability of youth in the South African labour market {{!}} Statistics South Africa|url=http://www.statssa.gov.za/?p=13379|accessdate=2020-09-21|language=en-US}}</ref> === Spain === N'ime iri afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya, nsogbu nke enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa ewerewo oke egwu na [[Spain]]. Nsogbu ego nke 2007 na 2008 dakwasịrị mba ahụ nke ukwuu na ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị na-eto eto na-enweghị ọrụ rịrị elu n'oge a. N'ime mba OECD, Spain gosipụtara mmụba kachasị ukwuu n'ihe gbasara enweghị ọrụ n'ime ndị dị afọ 1524 .<ref>Scarpetta, S., A. Sonnet and T. Manfredi (2010), "Rising Youth Unemployment During The Crisis: How to Prevent Negative Long-term Consequences on a Generation?", ''OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers'', No. 106, OECD Publishing, Paris.</ref> Ka ọ na-erule afọ 2014, 57.9% nke ndị ntorobịa nọ na Spain enweghị ọrụ.<ref name="Bank 2014"/> A na-eche na mmejuputa iwu ọrụ dị irè na mmụba nkewa nke ọrụ a kara aka n'oge ndakpọ akụ na ụba bụ isi ihe kpatara ọnọdụ dị egwu dị otú ahụ.<ref name="Garcia, J. R. 2011">Garcia, J. R. (2011). ''Desempleo juvenil en España: causas y soluciones.'' Madrid: BBVA.</ref> === United Kingdom === Enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa na United Kingdom bụ ọkwa enweghị ọrụ n'etiti ndị na-eto eto, nke a na-akọwa dịka ndị dị afọ 1825 . Echiche yiri ya bụ '''enweghị ọrụ gụsịrị akwụkwọ''' nke bụ ọkwa enweghị ọrụ n'etiti ndị gụsịrị akwụkwọ na mahadum. Ndekọ ọnụ ọgụgụ maka June 2010 na-egosi na e nwere ndị na-eto eto 926,000 na-erubeghị afọ 25 na-enweghị ọrụ nke na-aha ka enweghị ọrụ nke 19.6% n'etiti ndị na-eme ntorobịa.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2010/jun/20/young-unemployed-george-osborne-cuts|title=Dole queue beckons for Britain's young &#124; David Blanchflower &#124; Comment is free &#124; guardian.co.uk|work=Guardian|date=20 June 2010|accessdate=13 July 2010}}</ref> Nke a bụ ọnụ ọgụgụ kachasị elu nke enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa n'ime afọ 17.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.republikein.com.na/die-mark/expats-exit-grim-uk.109925.php|title=Expats exit grim UK|publisher=Republikein.com.na|date=8 July 2010|accessdate=13 July 2010|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110716054015/http://www.republikein.com.na/die-mark/expats-exit-grim-uk.109925.php|archivedate=16 July 2011}}</ref> N'ọnwa Nọvemba afọ 2011, enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa ruru nde 1.02 mana ọ daala na 767,000 ka ọ na-erule n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ afọ 2014.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/business/2011/nov/16/youth-unemployment-hits-1m-uk|work=The Guardian|first=Katie|author=Allen|title=Youth unemployment hits 1 million|date=16 November 2011|accessdate=13 December 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.parliament.uk/business/publications/research/briefing-papers/SN05871/youth-unemployment-statistics|title=Youth unemployment statistics: Commons Library Standard Note|date=18 December 2013|accessdate=12 September 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140111075445/http://www.parliament.uk/business/publications/research/briefing-papers/SN05871/youth-unemployment-statistics|archivedate=11 January 2014}}</ref> Ọnụ ọgụgụ dị elu nke enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa na United Kingdom emeela ka ụfọdụ ndị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na ndị na-akọwa mgbasa ozi kwuo maka "ọgbọ furu efu".<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/jane-scott-paul/youth-unemployment-and-th_1_b_1448982.html|title=Jane Scott Paul: Youth Unemployment and the 'Lost Generation'|date=25 April 2012|author=Jane Scott Paul|work=Huffington Post|accessdate=9 June 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160623204326/http://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/jane-scott-paul/youth-unemployment-and-th_1_b_1448982.html|archivedate=23 June 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/politics_show/8103967.stm|title=Youth unemployment|work=BBC|date=17 June 2009|accessdate=12 September 2016|author=Nick Watson|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160920040617/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/politics_show/8103967.stm|archivedate=20 September 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2012/jul/02/lost-generation-will-cost-more|work=The Guardian|first=Polly|author=Toynbee|title=This lost generation will cost us more than the cuts save|date=2 July 2012|accessdate=13 December 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.thesouthernreporter.co.uk/news/lost-generation-fears-as-youth-jobless-rate-reaches-49-per-cent-1-2444377|title='Lost generation' fears as youth jobless rate reaches 49 per cent|work=The Southern Reporter|date=6 August 2012|accessdate=9 June 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160627085612/http://www.thesouthernreporter.co.uk/news/lost-generation-fears-as-youth-jobless-rate-reaches-49-per-cent-1-2444377|archivedate=27 June 2016}}</ref> === United States === Ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị na-enweghị ọrụ na United States amụbaala n'ime afọ 5 gara aga, mana ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị na'enweghị ọrụ na-eto eto arịwo elu ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ pasent 10.<ref name="UNStat"/> N'afọ 2007, tupu ndakpọ akụ na ụba kachasị ọhụrụ amalite, enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa adịlarị na 13%. Ka ọ na-erule n'afọ 2008, ọnụ ọgụgụ a arịgoola ruo 18% ma na 2010 ọ rịgooro n'okpuru 21%.<ref name="ScarredGen"/><ref name="UNStat" /> Ogologo oge ndị ntorobịa na-enweghị ọrụ amụbaala, ọtụtụ ndị ntorobịa nọ na United States na-enweghị onye ọrụ mgbe ihe karịrị otu afọ nke ịchọ ọrụ gasịrị.<ref name="ScarredGen" /> Nke a emeela ka e mepụta ọgbọ nwere akara, dịka a tụlere n'okpuru ebe a. A na-eme atụmatụ na nde mmadụ 9.4 na-eto eto dị afọ 16 ruo 24 na United States (12.3%) anaghị arụ ọrụ ma ọ bụ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ. {{As of|July 2017}} 2017[update] a na-eme atụmatụ nde ndị na-eto eto 20.9 dị afọ 16 ruo 24 na United States (12.3%) na-arụ ọrụ na United States. Ọnụ ọgụgụ enweghị ọrụ maka ndị ntorobịa bụ 9.6% na July, site na pasent 1.9 site na July 2016. Ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị na-enweghị ọrụ n'etiti ndị ntorobịa na United States ka ọ na-erule Julaị 2017, na-egosi na ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị na'enweghị ọrụ maka ụmụ okorobịa (10.1%) na ụmụ nwanyị (9.1%) dị ala karịa oge okpomọkụ gara aga. Ọnụ ọgụgụ July 2017 maka ndị ọcha na-eto eto (8.0%) na ndị ojii (16.2%) belatara n'ime afọ ahụ, ebe ọnụ ọgụgụ maka ndị na-etolite Eshia (9.9%) na ndị Hispanic (10.1%) gosipụtara obere mgbanwe. N'ọnwa Ọgọstụ 2020, enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa dị na 14.7%.<ref>{{Cite journal|date=2016-02-26|title=Youth unemployment rate|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/9789264250529-graph204-en|journal=Competitiveness and Private Sector Development|doi=10.1787/9789264250529-graph204-en|issn=2076-5762}}</ref> == Mmetụta == === Ọgbọ furu efu === A na-akpọ ndị ntorobịa na-enweghị ọrụ "ọgbọ furu efu": ọ bụghị naanị n'ihi mmepụta ihe furu efu kamakwa n'ihi mmetụta ogologo oge na nke na-apụtaghị ìhè enweghị ọrụ nwere na ndị na-eto eto na ezinụlọ ha. A na-ekwu na enweghị ọrụ na-emetụta ego a na-enweta ruo ihe dị ka afọ 20. N'ihi na ha enweghị ike ịzụlite nkà ma ọ bụ ahụmịhe n'ime afọ mbụ ha n'ọrụ, ndị ntorobịa na-enweghị ọrụ na-ahụ mbelata nke ego ha na-enweta mgbe ha jiri ya tụnyere ndị nwere ọrụ siri ike ma ọ bụ ndị na-enweghị ihe ọ bụla dị ka ndị toro eto. Ụgwọ ọrụ dị ala nwere ike ịnọgide ruo afọ 20 na-esote oge enweghị ọrụ tupu onye ahụ amalite ị nweta ego na asọmpi nye ndị ọgbọ ya.<ref name="ScarredGen">{{Cite journal|author=Morsy|first=Hanan|year=2012|title=Scarred Generation|url=http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/fandd/2012/03/morsy.htm|journal=Finance and Development|volume=49|issue=1|accessdate=2 March 2013}}</ref> Enweghị ọrụ zuru ebe nile nke ndị ntorobịa na-eduga n'ọgbọ a na-ewepụghị na ọha mmadụ na nnukwu ihe ize ndụ maka ịda ogbenye. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, Spain hụrụ mmụba nke 18% na enweghị nhata ego.<ref name="ScarredGen" /> The lost generation effect impacts also their families. Youth in many countries now live with their parents into their late twenties.<ref name="Portrait13Countries"/> This contributes to what is called the "full-nest syndrome". In 2008, 46% of 18- to 34-year-olds in the European Union lived with at least one parent; in most countries the stay-at-homes were more likely to be unemployed than those who had moved out. In families, it is common that when one person becomes unemployed, other members of the family begin looking for or securing employment.<ref name="GreatRecession">{{Cite journal|author=Cho|first=Yoonyoung|title=How Did the Great Recession Affect Different Types of Workers? Evidence from 17 Middle-Income Countries|journal=World Development|year=2012|volume=41|pages=31–50|doi=10.1016/j.worlddev.2012.06.003|url=http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/WDSContentServer/WDSP/IB/2011/04/18/000158349_20110418134622/Rendered/PDF/WPS5636.pdf}}</ref> This is called the added worker effect. This can sometimes take the form of employment in the informal sector when necessary.<ref name="GreatRecession" /> Alongside the shift in youth living situations, the impact of returning to live with parents as well as difficulty finding a fulfilling job lead to mental health risks. Being unemployed for a long period of time in youth has been correlated to decreased happiness, job satisfaction and other mental health issues.<ref name="ScarredGen"/> Unemployed youth also report more isolation from their community.<ref name="JordanCommunity"/> Youth who are neither working nor studying do not have the opportunity to learn and improve their skills. They are progressively marginalised from the labour market and in turn can develop an anti-social behaviour. === Ọgba aghara ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na mmụba nke mmefu ego ọha na eze === [[Usòrò:2011_Moroccan_protests_2.jpg|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/2011_Moroccan_protests_2.jpg/220px-2011_Moroccan_protests_2.jpg|thumb|2011 Ngagharị iwe na Morocco]] N'oge na-adịbeghị anya, a na-ekwu na ọganihu nke ọgba aghara ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na omume na-emegide ọha na eze n'ụwa bụ enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa. N'ime afọ 2011 ọ ghọrọ isi ihe na-akwalite ngagharị iwe gburugburu ụwa. N'ime ọnwa iri na abụọ, ọchịchị anọ (Tunisia, Egypt, [[Libya]], Yemen) na Arab World dara n'ihi ngagharị iwe ndị na-eto eto duziri. Ọgba aghara na ngagharị iwe n'otu aka ahụ metụtara ọtụtụ obodo Europe na North America (Spain, France, United Kingdom n'etiti 2008 na 2011 dịka ọmụmaatụ). Enweghị ntinye aka nke ndị na-eto eto na ọha mmadụ ka ukwuu, nke enweghị ọrụ na enweghị ọrụ dị elu gosipụtara, na-agbakwunye mmetụta a nke enweghị ikike. Enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa na-emekwa ka mmefu ọha na eze na-abawanye n'ụzọ dị ịrịba ama n'oge mgbe akụ na ụba na-agba mbọ ịnọgide na-asọmpi na uru mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya na-aba ụba yana ndị agadi. Enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa nwere ụgwọ kpọmkwem dị ka ịbawanye ụgwọ uru, ụtụ isi ụtụ isi furu efu na ikike furu efu. "Na Britain akụkọ sitere na [[London]] School of Economics (LSE), Royal Bank of Scotland na Prince's Trust na-etinye ọnụahịa nke 744,000 ndị na-eto eto na-enweghị ọrụ na mba ahụ na £ 155m ($ 247m) kwa izu na uru na mmepụta ihe efu".<ref name="The jobless young. Left behind">[https://www.economist.com/briefing/2011/09/10/left-behind The jobless young. Left behind], The Economist, 10 September 2011</ref> N'otu aka ahụ, a na-eme atụmatụ na mmefu akụ na ụba sitere na enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa na Europe dị ijeri € 153 ma ọ bụ 1.2% nke GDP na 2011. Enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa nwekwara ụgwọ na-apụtaghị ìhè, gụnyere ịkwaga mba ọzọ. Ndị na-eto eto na-ahapụ mba ha na-enwe olileanya ịchọta ọrụ n'ebe ọzọ. Ọkụ ụbụrụ a emeela ka asọmpi mba na-emebi, ọkachasị na Europe. === Enweghị ihe ọhụrụ === Nsogbu akụ na ụba emeela ka asọmpi zuru ụwa ọnụ belata. "E nwere ihe ize ndụ nke enweghị nkà na nkà ebe ọ bụ na ọtụtụ ndị gụsịrị akwụkwọ na mahadum enweghị ike ịchọta ọrụ na itinye ihe ọmụma na ikike ha n'imepụta ihe ọhụrụ na inye aka na uto akụ na ụba".<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20150216130230/http://www.bridgingeurope.net/consequences-of-high-youth-unemployment.html Consequences of high youth unemployment], Bridging Europe, 27 April 2014</ref> Ihichapụ ndị na-eto eto n'ahịa ọrụ pụtara enweghị echiche dị iche iche, ihe okike na ihe ọhụrụ ha na-enye. Echiche ọhụrụ a dị mkpa maka ndị were mmadụ n'ọrụ iji kwalite atụmatụ ọhụrụ na echiche ọhụrụ. Ya mere, ịlụ ọgụ megide enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa bụ isi ihe iji nọgide na-arụ ọrụ akụ na ụba nke mba. === Mkpọrọ na ọnwụ === Nnyocha e mere n'afọ 2015 gosiri na 'Summer Youth Employment Program' nke New York City belatara ohere ndị sonyere nwere ịga mkpọrọ na ohere nke ịnwụ.<ref>{{Cite journal|title=The Effects Of Youth Employment: Evidence From New York City Lotteries|url=http://qje.oxfordjournals.org/content/early/2016/02/10/qje.qjv034|journal=The Quarterly Journal of Economics|date=26 September 2015|issn=0033-5533|pages=423–460|doi=10.1093/qje/qjv034|language=en|first=Alexander|author=Gelber|volume=131}}</ref> == Ìhè ndị si ná ụgwọ ọrụ kacha nta == Nnyocha akụ na ụba na-egosi na ụgwọ ọrụ kacha nta na-eme ka enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa na ahịa ọrụ asọmpi maka ọrụ ndị ntụrụndụ na-enweghị nkà, nakwa na ntinye na-egbu oge n'ahịa ọrụ (maka ndị ntorobịa enweghị ike inweta ọrụ) na-eduga na mbelata ohere ọzụzụ ma si otú a belata ego ndụ.<ref>{{Cite web|title=What are the effects of minimum wages?|url=https://wol.iza.org/key-topics/minimum-wage|work=IZA - World of Labor|accessdate=25 May 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Youth unemployment|url=https://wol.iza.org/key-topics/youth-unemployment|work=IZA - World of Labor|accessdate=25 May 2021}}</ref><ref name="Kalenkoski">{{Cite journal|author=Charlene Marie Kalenkoski|url=https://wol.iza.org/articles/effects-of-minimum-wages-on-youth-employment-and-income|title=The effects of minimum wages on youth employment and income|journal=IZA World of Labor|date=March 2016|pages=1–10|doi=10.15185/izawol.243}}</ref> Otú ọ dị, nnyocha na-egosikwa na "ịmanye ụgwọ ọrụ kacha nta nwere ike ịbawanye ego ndị ntorobịa na-arụ ọrụ na-enweta ma ọ bụrụ na ewepụghị oge ọrụ ha iji meghachi omume na ụgwọ ọrụ kacha ala" na "ụgwọ ọrụ kacha nta nwekwara ike [[Iba|ịba]] ụba ego ndị ntụrụndụ na-enweta na ma ọ bụrụgodị na uru maka ndị na-arụkọ ọrụ karịrị ihe ndị na-enweghị ike ịchọta ọrụ".<ref name="Kalenkoski" /> Dị ka usoro iwu iji kwado ndị ọrụ na-eto eto na-enweghị nkà, onye na-ahụ maka akụ na ụba Charlene Marie Kalenkoski na-atụ aro na "kama ụgwọ ọrụ kacha nta, ndị na-eme iwu kwesịrị iji ụzọ na-adịchaghị mgbagwoju anya iji kwado ụmụ agbọghọ na-enweghị ikike, dị ka ego ma ọ bụ enyemaka. "<ref name="Kalenkoski" /> == Ihe ngwọta ndị nwere ike ime == === Ọrụ nke iwu ahịa ọrụ na ụlọ ọrụ === [[Usòrò:Job_Advertisement_Board_in_Shenzhen_-01.jpg|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Job_Advertisement_Board_in_Shenzhen_-01.jpg/220px-Job_Advertisement_Board_in_Shenzhen_-01.jpg|thumb|Ụlọ Ọrụ Mgbasa Ozi na Shenzhen -01]] Ọrụ nke iwu ahịa ọrụ na ụlọ ọrụ dịgasị iche site na mba ruo mba. Nke a bụ akụkọ dị mkpirikpi nke atụmatụ ndị dị mkpa e mere n'oge na-adịbeghị anya iji mee ka ndị ntorobịa nwee ike inweta ọrụ. Nke mbụ, a chọrọ nchebe ọrụ dị mma maka ndị ọrụ na-adịgide adịgide na ndị na-adịru nwa oge. Ọ ga-ahụ na ndị na-eto eto na-enweghị ahụmịhe ọrụ nwere ike igosi ikike na nkà ha wee jiri nwayọọ nwayọọ na-aga n'ihu na-arụ ọrụ mgbe niile. Ọ ga-akwalite mmeso nhata n'etiti ndị ọrụ na-adịgide adịgide na ndị na-adịru nwa oge ma nyere aka lụso ọrụ na-abụghị nke onwe ọgụ. Atụmatụ a emeela ka ọtụtụ mkparịta ụka banyere nkwekọrịta na-agbanwe agbanwe a ga-emepụta ma nye ndị ntorobịa. Nke abụọ, mkparịta ụka na-elekwasị anya na ọkwa na mgbasa nke nkwado ego enyere ndị ntorobịa na-enweghị ọrụ.<ref name="OECD Action Plan for Youth" /> Ọ bụ ezie na mba ụfọdụ na-atụle ịmegharị nkwado ha site na enyemaka ego kpọmkwem gaa na ọzụzụ ego, ndị ọzọ na-abawanye nkwado ha na-ejikọta ya na ọrụ siri ike nke ọchụchọ na ọzụzụ. Nke atọ, Gọọmentị na-aga n'ihu na-etinye ndị were mmadụ n'ọrụ na ndị na-enye ọzụzụ iji mepụta ụzọ zuru oke maka enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa ma nye mmemme siri ike na-elekwasị anya na agụmakwụkwọ mgbazi, ahụmịhe ọrụ na ntụziaka ndị okenye.<ref name="mckinsey.com">{{Cite web|url=http://www.mckinsey.com/features/education_to_employment|title=Education to employment: Designing a system that works|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141228233133/http://www.mckinsey.com/features/education_to_employment|archivedate=28 December 2014|author=McKinsey|year=2013}}</ref> Otu Active Labour Market Policy (ALMP) nke ọtụtụ gọọmentị kwusiri ike na mgbalị iji dozie enweghị ọrụ bụ iji nyere ndị na-enweghị ọrụ aka ịghọ ndị na-arụ ọrụ onwe ha. Nnyocha dị iche iche nke Europe egosila nnukwu ihe ịga nke ọma nke mmemme ndị a n'ihe gbasara ịmepụta ọrụ na ọdịmma zuru oke. === TVET na agụmakwụkwọ ọrụ aka === [[Usòrò:TVET_as_a_proportion_of_all_upper_secondary_programmes.svg|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/TVET_as_a_proportion_of_all_upper_secondary_programmes.svg/220px-TVET_as_a_proportion_of_all_upper_secondary_programmes.svg.png|thumb|TVET dị ka pasent nke mmemme sekọndrị niile]] E meela ikpe ahụ n'ime afọ ole na ole gara aga na mkpa ọ dị inye ndị ntorobịa ọzụzụ teknụzụ iji kwadebe ha kpọmkwem maka ọrụ. TVET na agụmakwụkwọ ọrụ aka ga-enyere aka idozi nsogbu nkà. Mba ụfọdụ gụnyere [[Switzerland]], [[Netherlands]], Singapore, [[Austria]], [[Norway]] na Germany enweela ihe ịga nke ọma n'ịzụlite agụmakwụkwọ ọrụ aka ma belata enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa ruo ọkara nke OECD.<ref name="mckinsey.com"/> A na-ekwukarị ihe kpatara atọ maka ihe mere agụmakwụkwọ ọrụ aka ji bụrụ akụkụ nke mmemme ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị iji lụso enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa ọgụ: * Nke mbụ, nyocha ikpe na-egosi na mmemme ọzụzụ ọrụ aka siri ike na-ebelata enweghị ọrụ ma na-amụba ụgwọ ọrụ. Ọtụtụ ọmụmụ mba egosila njikọ dị n'etiti mmezu nke agụmakwụkwọ ọrụ aka na mbelata ohere nke enweghị ọrụ na ego dị elu.<ref>CEDEFOP, The benefits of vocational education and training, 2011; OECD Review of Vocational Education and Training – Learning for Jobs, 2011; CEDEFOP, Vocational Education and Training, Key to the Future, 2010.</ref> Na mba ebe ndebanye aha na agụmakwụkwọ ọrụ aka na ụlọ ọrụ na-erughị 15%, ohere ndị na-eto eto ga-enweghị ọrụ bụ okpukpu abụọ karịa nke mba ebe ndebe aha karịrị 15%.<ref name="OECD, Employment Outlook, 2011">{{Cite web|url=http://www.oecd.org/employment/emp/oecdemploymentoutlook.htm|title=OECD, Employment Outlook, 2011|accessdate=17 December 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150102084557/http://www.oecd.org/employment/emp/oecdemploymentoutlook.htm|archivedate=2 January 2015}}</ref> * Nke abụọ, agụmakwụkwọ ọrụ aka na-eme ka ndị were mmadụ n'ọrụ na-arụpụta ihe. Ọtụtụ ọmụmụ gafee mba achọpụtala na itinye ego dị elu na ọzụzụ ọrụ aka na-ejikọta ya na mmụba nke mmepụta ihe.<ref name="OECD, Employment Outlook, 2011" /> * Nke atọ, agụmakwụkwọ ọrụ aka nwere uru dị ukwuu na mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya: agụmakwụkwọ aka ejikọtara na ọmụmụ ihe iji meziwanye nha nhata ego, itinye aka na mmekọrịta mmadụ n'otu, ọnụ ọgụgụ mpụ dị ala, na ahụike na ahụike ka mma.<ref>CEDEFOP, The benefits of vocational education and training, 2011</ref> Ruo n'ókè agụmakwụkwọ ọrụ aka na-ebelata enweghị ọrụ, ọ na-ewetakwa uru mmekọrịta ọha na eze sara mbara metụtara ọrụ dị elu. A chọpụtakwala nkà ntọala dị ka isi ihe maka mgbanwe na-aga nke ọma na ọrụ. "N'ime mba OECD, nsonaazụ PISA na-egosi na ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ otu n'ime ụmụ akwụkwọ ise anaghị eru ọkwa kachasị mma iji rụọ ọrụ na ọha mmadụ taa". Na nkezi, pasent 20 nke ndị na-eto eto na-ahapụ tupu ha agwụcha ọkwa agụmakwụkwọ sekọndrị dị elu.<ref name="OECD Action Plan for Youth" /> Mmụta ọrụ aka na-ezube ịkụzi nkà ntọala, yana inye nhọrọ ọzọ maka ụzọ agụmakwụkwọ n'ozuzu ya na ọzụzụ ọrụ bara uru. Ọtụtụ mba gburugburu ụwa na-enye mmemme iji melite nkà ndị ntorobịa na ọrụ. Otu n'ime ha bụ [[Turkéy|Turkey]], nke lekwasịrị anya n'ịzụ ụmụ akwụkwọ na nkà nke ga-enyere ha aka na-azụ ahịa nke onwe ha, yana ọchụnta ego. [[Obodoézè Nà Ofú|United Kingdom]] na [[Ostraliya|Australia]] agbalịwo imeziwanye mmụta. N'ezie, a na-eji ndị a enye ọzụzụ maka ndị ntorobịa na ọrụ ndị na-abụghị omenala. Nzọụkwụ maka ndị ntorobịa na ọrụ lekwasịrị anya n'ịme ka mgbanwe site n'ụlọ akwụkwọ ma ọ bụ ọzụzụ gaa n'ọrụ na ọrụ, dịka ọmụmaatụ ozi ọrụ, ndụmọdụ na ọrụ nduzi.<ref name=":12">{{Cite book|url=http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0023/002330/233030e.pdf|title=Unleashing the Potential: Transforming Technical and Vocational Education and Training|author=Marope|first=P.T.M|publisher=UNESCO|year=2015|isbn=978-92-3-100091-1|pages=74|accessdate=5 April 2017}}</ref>  === Ịkụzi nkà nke narị afọ nke 21 === Usoro agụmakwụkwọ na-arụ ọrụ dị mkpa na arụmụka banyere nsogbu ahịa ọrụ ndị ntorobịa. Ihe doro anya bụ na ọ dị mkpa inwe mgbanwe dị ukwuu n'ihe anyị na-akụzi na n'ụzọ anyị na-akụziri. Otu ụzọ a ma ama nke ndị nkụzi dị iche iche na-ewere bụ ịgbanwe nkuzi site na nkuzi na-elekwasị anya na ihe ọmụma gaa na nkuzi-elekwasịwasị anya na nkà.<ref>Charles Fadel. 21st Century Skills: Learning for Life in Our Times (2009). Wiley</ref> "Iji mee ka mgbanwe ahụ pụta ìhè site na ọdịnaya na usoro mmụta dị mma nke ọdịnaya na nkà, ndị na-enye agụmakwụkwọ kwesịrị ime ka ọ bụrụ ebumnuche ha ịmepụta usoro nkà nduzi nke na-enye ndị nkuzi na ndị prọfesọ ohere ịhụ ụdị nkà na ọdịnaya ha kwesịrị inye ụmụ akwụkwọ ha. ''Ụlọ akwụkwọ agụmakwụkwọ niile kwesịrị ịrụ ọrụ iji nabata ma ọ bụ mepụta usoro nkà kwesịrị ekwesị nke kwekọrọ na ahịa ọrụ, nke na-agbanwe agbanwe maka ndị nkụzi iji gbanwee isiokwu ma ọ bụ ọkwa ha. Ọzọkwa, usoro a kwesịrị ịrụ ọrụ dị ka akwụkwọ dị ndụ nke ụlọ akwụkwọ na mahadum nwere ike ịgbanwe iji kwekọọ na obodo ha ma ọ bụ iji kwado mgbanwe na ahịa.''" === Ịchụnta ego === [[Usòrò:Media_Entrepreneurship_Definition.jpg|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Media_Entrepreneurship_Definition.jpg/220px-Media_Entrepreneurship_Definition.jpg|thumb|Nkọwa nke Mgbasa Ozi]] Mgbe ị na-eburu n'uche mkpa ọ dị ịkwalite asọmpi site na ihe ọhụrụ na ihe okike, ọmụmụ ndị na-adịbeghị anya akwadowo maka ọchụnta ego dị ka ihe ngwọta dị irè maka enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ey.com/Publication/vwLUAssets/EY-Avoiding-a-lost-generation/$FILE/EY-G20-youth-unemployment.pdf|title=Avoiding a lost generation|publisher=Ernst and Young|year=2014|accessdate=17 December 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150131070152/http://www.ey.com/Publication/vwLUAssets/EY-Avoiding-a-lost-generation/$FILE/EY-G20-youth-unemployment.pdf|archivedate=31 January 2015}}</ref> Site na nhazi ziri ezi na usoro nchịkwa dị mfe, ndị na-eto eto nwere ike ịmepụta ụlọ ọrụ dị ka ụzọ ịchọta ma mepụta ọrụ ọhụrụ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/16e3ee1e-ecc6-11e4-a81a-00144feab7de,Authorised=false.html?_i_location=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ft.com%2Fcms%2Fs%2F0%2F16e3ee1e-ecc6-11e4-a81a-00144feab7de.html%3Fsiteedition%3Dintl&siteedition=intl&_i_referer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.ch%2F|title=Review: Generation Jobless? By Peter Vogel|work=Financial Times|year=2015|first=Emma|author=Jacobs}}</ref> Dị ka OECD si kwuo, obere ụlọ ọrụ na ụlọ ọrụ ndị dị n'etiti bụ ndị isi na-ewe mmadụ n'ọrụ taa na 33% nke ọrụ ndị e mepụtara n'ime afọ iri gara aga. Ọ na-egosi na nnukwu ụlọ ọrụ anaghịzi anọchite anya isi ihe na-eweta ọrụ nakwa na ọ dị mkpa ịkwadebe ndị na-eto eto maka ọdịbendị ọchụnta ego. A na-elekarị nhọrọ a anya dị ka ụzọ isi nye ndị na-eto eto ike iwere ọdịnihu ha n'aka ha: ọ pụtara itinye ego n'ịkụziri ha nkà idu ndú na njikwa ha chọrọ iji bụrụ ndị na-emepụta ihe na ndị ọchụnta ego.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/amyrosen/2013/11/18/the-entrepreneurship-answer-to-youth-unemployment/2/%20|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131123224150/http://www.forbes.com/sites/amyrosen/2013/11/18/the-entrepreneurship-answer-to-youth-unemployment/2/|archivedate=23 November 2013|title=The entrepreneurship answer to youth unemployment|work=Forbes|date=18 November 2013|author=Rosen|first=Amy}}</ref> Nkà ndị a gụnyekwara: nkwurịta okwu, ịrụkọ ọrụ ọnụ, mkpebi, nkà nhazi na obi ike onwe onye. Ihe ngwọta a na-ejikọta ya na ahịa ọrụ na ụkpụrụ dịka a ka ga-eme ọtụtụ mgbanwe iji hụ na ahịa ahụ na-agbanwe agbanwe iji kpalie ndị na-eto eto ịmepụta ụlọ ọrụ. Ụtụ isi na nkwalite azụmaahịa bụ isi iji kwado ndị ọchụnta ego na-eto eto n'ịmepụta na ịbawanye azụmaahịa ha.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/ey/2014/09/05/10-recommendations-to-help-reduce-youth-unemployment-through-entrepreneurship/|title=10 recommendations to help reduce youth unemployment through entrepreneurship|work=Forbes|date=5 September 2014|first=Maria|author=Pinelli|accessdate=19 September 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180302045342/https://www.forbes.com/sites/ey/2014/09/05/10-recommendations-to-help-reduce-youth-unemployment-through-entrepreneurship/|archivedate=2 March 2018}}</ref> Nnyocha usoro nyochara ihe akaebe banyere ịdị irè nke ụdị ntinye aka dị iche iche iji melite nsonaazụ ahịa ọrụ nke ndị ntorobịa.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Kluve|first=Jochen|title=Interventions to improve the labour market outcomes of youth: A systematic review of training, entrepreneurship promotion, employment services and subsidized employment interventions|journal=Campbell Systematic Reviews|date=4 December 2017|volume=13|issue=1|pages=1–288|doi=10.4073/csr.2017.12}}</ref> Ihe akaebe na-egosi na ntinye aka n'ọrụ ndị ntorobịa n'ozuzu ya na-eme ka ọrụ na ego a na-enweta na-abawanye, mana mmetụta dị obere ma na-agbanwe agbanwe. Nnyocha a chọpụtara na ntinye aka maka nkwalite ọchụnta ego na ọzụzụ nkà na-egosi ihe dị mma, na ụfọdụ ọnụ ọgụgụ dị ịrịba ama, mmetụta, ebe mmemme na-enye ọrụ ọrụ na ọrụ enyemaka na-egosi mmetụta na-enweghị isi. Ịrụ ọrụ na-adabere n'akụkụ ndị gbara ya gburugburu gụnyere mba, imewe mmemme, na njirimara nke ndị nnata. === Enyemaka maka ndị ntorobịa na mgbanwe gaa n'ụwa ọrụ === Ọtụtụ nnyocha egosiwo na anaghị enye ndị na-eto eto ndụmọdụ zuru oke banyere ohere metụtara ọrụ, nkà dị mkpa na ụzọ ọrụ. Tupu ha ahapụ agụmakwụkwọ, o yiri ka ọ dị oke mkpa na ha nwere ike ịnweta ozi a iji kwadebe nke ọma maka ihe ha ga-atụ anya na ihe a na-atụ anya ya. Ezigbo nduzi ọrụ yana atụmanya ahịa ọrụ kwesịrị inyere ndị na-eto eto aka ịhọrọ ọrụ ka mma. Ụfọdụ ndị na-eto eto na-ahọrọ ịmụ ubi nke na-eweta ohere ole na ole maka ọrụ n'ọdịnihu. Gọọmentị, ndị were mmadụ n'ọrụ na ndị na-enye ọzụzụ kwesịrị ịrụkọ ọrụ ọnụ iji nye ndị ntorobịa ụzọ doro anya. N'otu aka ahụ, a ga-emepụta mmemme iji mee ka ndị na-eto eto banye n'ụwa ọrụ. N'ebe a, agụmakwụkwọ ọrụ aka na usoro mmụta egosila na omume na ọzụzụ n'ọrụ nwere ike inwe mmetụta dị mma.<ref name="mckinsey.com"/> == Hụkwa == == Njikọ mpụga == == Ebemsidee == <references responsive="1"></references> hbg6baa6ejv08mwg7mllhv1u5vzsozx 644544 644543 2026-05-31T06:40:38Z Geraldine Kene 23189 Fixed reference error 644544 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Usòrò:1_-_Hamburg_1._Mai_2014_06.JPG|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/1_-_Hamburg_1._Mai_2014_06.JPG/240px-1_-_Hamburg_1._Mai_2014_06.JPG|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|240x240px|Ndị na-eto eto na-eme mkpesa maka enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa na Hamburg.]] '''Enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa''' bụ ọnọdụ nke ndị na-eto eto na-achọ ọrụ, mana ha enweghị ike ịchọta ọrụ, ebe afọ dị iche iche bụ nke United Nations kọwara dị ka afọ nke iri na ise rue afọ iri abụọ na anọ. A na-akọwa onye na-enweghị ọrụ dị ka onye na-adịghị arụ ọrụ mana ọ na-achọsi ọrụ ike. Iji ruo eruo dị ka onye na-enweghị ọrụ maka nyocha gọọmentị na ọnụ ọgụgụ, onye ahụ ga-enwerịrị enweghị ọrụ, dị njikere ma nwee ike ịrụ ọrụ, nke "afọ ọrụ" a họpụtara (nke na-abụkarị site na ndị nọ n'afọ iri na ụma ruo n'etiti afọ iri isii gaba n' iru) ma na-achọsi ọrụ ike. Ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị na-eto eto na-enweghị ọrụ na-adịkarị elu karịa ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị okenye na mba ọ bụla n'ụwa. A kọwawo enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa dị ka ihe dị mkpa, ma ọ bụrụ na ọ bụghị isi ihe na-akpali mgbanwe, ọgba aghara ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na ọha mmadụ, na esemokwu megide usoro na steeti. N'akụkọ ihe mere eme, a na-ejikọta ya na ọgba aghara na mgbanwe ma ọ bụ ịkwatu ọchịchị na mgbanwe ọha na eze, na esemokwu dị ka Arab Spring, agha obodo Russia na mgbanwe French niile na-esite n'ụzọ dị ukwuu n'enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa.<ref>{{Cite journal|url=https://doi.org/10.1177/110330881001800304|title=Mungiki as youth movement: Revolution, gender and generational politics in Nairobi, Kenya|first=Jacob|author=Rasmussen|date=1 August 2010|journal=Young|volume=18|issue=3|pages=301–319|doi=10.1177/110330881001800304}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/1468-2397.00207|title=Youth, unemployment and political marginalisation|first=Ann-Helén|author=Bay|date=27 June 2002|journal=International Journal of Social Welfare|volume=11|issue=2|pages=132–139|doi=10.1111/1468-2397.00207}}</ref><ref>[http://www.csps.org.bn/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/CSPS-Journal-Vol7-July-2019.pdf#page=9 The Fourth Industrial Revolution, Job Futures and Policy Implications for Reducing Youth Unemployment in Brunei by: Darussalam Diana Cheong]</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|url=https://www.academia.edu/31241318|first=Andrea|author=Ansani|title=About a Revolution: The Economic Motivations of the Arab Spring|journal=International Journal of Development and Conflict|year=2012|volume=2|issue=3|pages=1250013|doi=10.1142/S2010269012500135}}</ref> == Ihe ndị mere n'oge gara aga == [[Usòrò:Youth_Unemployment_rate_in_OECD.svg|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Youth_Unemployment_rate_in_OECD.svg/500px-Youth_Unemployment_rate_in_OECD.svg.png|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|500x500px|Ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị na-eto eto na-enweghị ọrụ na mba OECD (afọ 15-24)]] E nwere ijeri ndị ntorobịa 1.2 n'ụwa niile dị n'agbata afọ iri na ise ga ruo afọ iri abụọ na anọ, nke mejupụtara pesenti iri na asaa nke ndị bi n'ụwa. Pesenti iri asatọ na asaa n'ime ha bi na mba ndị na-emepe emepe.<ref name="unworldyouthreport.org">{{Cite web|url=http://www.unworldyouthreport.org/|title=UN World Youth Report 2012. The UN Focal Point for Youth, 2012|accessdate=17 December 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141213062319/http://www.unworldyouthreport.org/|archivedate=13 December 2014}}</ref><ref name="unworldyouthreport.org" /> Afọ ole United Nations kọwapụtara na-ekwu maka oge agụmakwụkwọ iwu na-akwụsị ruo mgbe ọ dị afọ iri abụọ na ano.<ref name="unworldyouthreport.org" /><ref name="Portrait13Countries">{{Cite journal|author=Martin|first=Gary|title=A portrait of the youth labor market in 13 countries, 1980-2007|journal=Monthly Labor Review|date=July 2009|pages=3–21}}</ref> Nkọwa a ka na-ese okwu n'ihi na ọ bụghị naanị na ọ na-emetụta ọnụ ọgụgụ enweghị ọrụ kamakwa ọ na-arụ ọrụ dị mkpa na ngwọta ndị ndị na-eme iwu n'ụwa. Nnukwu arụmụka abụọ na-aga n'ihu taa. Nke mbụ, ịkọwa afọ nke ndị ntorobịa abụghị ihe doro anya dị ka o yiri. Echiche abụọ na-achịkwa arụmụka a. Enwere ike ịhụ ndị ntorobịa dị ka ọkwa dị n'etiti afọ iri na ụma na ogo mmadụ ma ọ bụ dị ka otu ndị na-ewu ewu na mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya, na-eme ka o sie ike ịmepụta ọgbọ dị n'agbata mba.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Gough|first=Katherine V.|title=Youth employment in a globalising world|journal=International Development Planning Review|year=2013|volume=35|issue=2|doi=10.3828/idpr.2013.7|url=https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/20614}}</ref><ref name="Youth employment-globalising world">{{Cite journal|author=Gough|first=Katherine V.|title=Youth employment in a globalising world|journal=International Development Planning Review|year=2013|volume=35|issue=2|pages=91–102|doi=10.3828/idpr.2013.7|url=https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/20614}}</ref> Nke abụọ, nkọwa nke enweghị ọrụ n'onwe ya na-eduga na ohere nke ịghara ịkọwa ọtụtụ ndị na-eto eto hapụrụ ọrụ. A na-ewere ndị na-enweghị ọrụ ma na-achọghị ọrụ na-adịghị arụ ọrụ na ụmụ nwanyị na-adịghị eme ihe, ya mere a na-ewepụ ha na ọnụ ọgụgụ enweghị ọrụ.<ref name="books.google.fr">[https://books.google.com/books?id=NxmmxZcrRPYC&pg=PA194&lpg=PA194&dq=unemployment+statistics+young+people+not+actively+seeking+work&source=bl&ots=2PdN2Ka1uf&sig=m_QusYEh8TYyxt6hTz3sYNfuT2M&hl=en&sa=X&ei=xAuQVIDOPMb2UOvvgLAH&ved=0CD8Q6AEwAw#v=onepage&q=unemployment%20statistics%20young%20people%20not%20actively%20seeking%20work&f=false Youth and Skills: Putting Education to Work], UNESCO, 2012</ref> Ntinye ha ga-eme ka ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị na-enweghị ọrụ dịkwuo elu.<ref name="books.google.fr" />{{Clear}} == Ihe Ndị Na-akpata enweghị ọrụ == E nwere ọtụtụ ihe dị mgbagwoju anya na-akpata enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa. N'etiti ha, ogo na mkpa nke agụmakwụkwọ, ahịa ọrụ na iwu na-adịghị agbanwe agbanwe, nke na-emepụta ọnọdụ enyemaka na ịdabere, bụ isi ihe kpatara ya a tụlere taa. === Site na agụmakwụkwọ banye n'ọrụ: nsogbu nkà === A na-elekarị àgwà na mkpa agụmakwụkwọ anya dị ka isi ihe kpatara enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa. N'afọ puku abụọ na iri , na iri abụọ na ise n'ime mba iri abụọ na asaa mepere emepe, ọnụ ọgụgụ kachasị elu nke enweghị ọrụ dị n'etiti ndị nwere agụmakwụkwọ praịmarị ma ọ bụ obere. N'agbanyeghị nke ahụ, agụmakwụkwọ dị elu anaghị ekwe nkwa ọrụ dị mma. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, na [[Tunisia]], pesenti iri anọ na asaa nke ndị gụsịrị akwụkwọ na mahadum enweghị ọrụ na pesenti iri abụọ na anọ nke ndị na-agụsị akwụkwọ.<ref name="weforum.org">[http://www.weforum.org/community/global-agenda-councils/youth-unemployment-visualization-2013 '''Global Agenda Councils''' -Youth Unemployment Visualization] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141218132035/http://www.weforum.org/community/global-agenda-councils/youth-unemployment-visualization-2013 |date=18 December 2014 }}, World Economic Forum, 2013</ref> Nke a na-emetụta ụmụ agbọghọ gụrụ akwụkwọ nke ọma karịsịa. "Na [[Turkéy|Turkey]], ọnụ ọgụgụ enweghị ọrụ n'etiti ụmụ nwanyị gụrụ akwụkwọ na mahadum karịrị okpukpu atọ karịa nke ụmụ nwoke gụrụ akwụkwọ mahadum; na Iran na United Arab Emirates, ọ fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ okpukpu atọ; na Saudi Arabia, ọ bụ okpukpu asatọ".<ref name="weforum.org" /> E wezụga mkpa ọ dị iji hụ na ọ na-enweta mmadụ niile, agụmakwụkwọ anaghị adaba nke ọma na mkpa nke ahịa ọrụ, nke na-eduga na nsonaazụ abụọ: enweghị ike maka ndị na-eto eto ịchọta ọrụ na enweghị ike maka onye were ha n'ọrụ iji nweta nkà ha chọrọ. Gwakọta ya na nsogbu akụ na ụba na enweghị ọrụ zuru oke n'ọtụtụ mba, ọ kpatara ọnụ ọgụgụ enweghị ọrụ dị elu gburugburu ụwa na mmepe nke nsogbu nkà. Nnyocha na-atụ aro na ihe ruru ọkara nke azụmaahịa niile nwere ọnọdụ mepere emepe nke ha na-agba mbọ ịchọta ndị ruru eru.<ref name="ReferenceA">City & Guilds Centre for Skills Development, Skills Development, Attitudes and Perceptions, March 2008</ref> Otu nnyocha zuru ụwa ọnụ chọpụtara na ihe karịrị pesenti iri ise na ise nke ndị were mmadụ n'ọrụ n'ụwa niile kwenyere na enwere "nsogbu nkà" ka azụmaahịa na-ahụ enweghị nkwekọ na-arịwanye elu n'etiti nkà ụmụ akwụkwọ na-amụta na usoro agụmakwụkwọ na ndị achọrọ n'ebe ọrụ.<ref name="ReferenceA" /> Maka ọtụtụ gọọmentị, otu ajụjụ dị mkpa bụ otu ha ga-esi dozie ọdịiche a ma hụ na ndị na-eto eto nwere nkà ndị were ha n'ọrụ na-achọ. === Ahịa ọrụ na iwu === [[Usòrò:Labour-market-Supply-demand-Unemployment-cs.svg|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Labour-market-Supply-demand-Unemployment-cs.svg/220px-Labour-market-Supply-demand-Unemployment-cs.svg.png|thumb|Ahịa ọrụ-Supply-demand-Unemployment-cs]] Nke mbụ, ọkwa dị elu nke iwu nchedo ọrụ na-eme ka ndị were mmadụ n'ọrụ kpachara anya banyere iwe ihe karịrị ọnụ ọgụgụ dị ala nke ndị ọrụ n'ọrụ, ebe ọ bụ na enweghị ike ịchụ ha n'ọrụ n'oge nkwụsịtụ, ma ọ bụ chụpụ ha ma ọ bụrụ na onye ọrụ ọhụrụ ga-abụ onye na-enweghị mkpali ma ọ bụ onye na-erughị eru. Nke abụọ, mmepe nke ụdị ọrụ nwa oge dị ka internships, ọrụ oge na nkwekọrịta nwa oge ahapụla ndị ọrụ na-eto eto n'ọnọdụ dị egwu. N'ihi na ọrụ ha bụ nkwekọrịta nwa oge, ndị ntorobịa na-abụkarị ndị mbụ a chụrụ n'ọrụ mgbe ụlọ ọrụ na-ebelata.<ref name="ScarredGen"/><ref name="Portrait13Countries"/><ref name="RussianCrises">{{Cite journal|author=Demidova|first=Olga|title=The Impact of Crises on Youth Unemployment of Russian Regions: An Empirical Analyssi|journal=China-USA Business Review|date=July 2011|volume=10|issue=7|pages=471–507}}</ref> Ọ bụrụ na a chụọ ha n'ọrụ, ndị ntorobịa anaghị eru eru maka ịkwụ ụgwọ n'ihi na ha na ụlọ ọrụ ahụ na-arụ ọrụ naanị obere oge.<ref name="Furlong">{{Cite book|author=Furlong|first=Andy|title=Youth Studies: An Introduction|year=2012|publisher=Routledge|location=New York, N.Y.|pages=72–97}}</ref> Ozugbo ọrụ a gwụchara, ọtụtụ na-ahụ onwe ha na-enweghị ọrụ na enweghị ihe ịga nke ọma na ọchụchọ ọrụ. Otú ọ dị, ụfọdụ ndị ntorobịa na-abanye n'ọrụ na nwa oge n'oge agụmakwụkwọ tertiary. Ọnụ ọgụgụ a dị ala na mba ndị dị ka [[Italy|Ịtali]], Spain na [[France]] mana na United States ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ otu ụzọ n'ụzọ atọ nke ụmụ akwụkwọ na-ejikọta agụmakwụkwọ na ọrụ.<ref name="Portrait13Countries" /> A malitere ịjụ ajụjụ maka izi ezi nke nnwale ọrụ . Ebumnuche nke nnwale ọrụ bụ ikwe ka ụmụ akwụkwọ ma ọ bụ ndị gụsịrị akwụkwọ na nso nso a nweta ahụmịhe ọrụ na akwụkwọ ozi ndụmọdụ iji gbakwunye na coricolum vitee ha. Otú ọ dị, ọtụtụ ndị na-arụ ọrụ na-eme mkpesa na ha na-arụ naanị ọrụ grunt-ọrụ, kama ịmụta ihe ọmụma na nkà dị mkpa. Ma ọ bụ na ọnọdụ ndị a na-emezi emebi iwu gọọmentị etiti nke dị iji chịkwaa mmemme dịka ọzụzụ ka ga-ahụ. Otú ọ dị, ọrụ nkuzi ahụ yiri ka ọ bụ naanị ihe ọzọ dị irè maka itinye ọrụ maka onye na-eto eto. N'enweghị mmụba ọrụ ọ bụla, ọnụ ọgụgụ enweghị ọrụ n'etiti ndị ka si na kọleji pụta na njedebe nke ndị ntorobịa dị afọ 15-24 bụ ihe dịka 13.2% ka ọ na-erule n'ọnwa Eprel 2012.<ref name="Greenhouse">{{Cite news|author=Greenhouse|first=Steven|title=Jobs Few, Grads Flock to Unpaid Internships|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2012/05/06/business/unpaid-internships-dont-always-deliver.html?pagewanted=all&_r=1&|work=The New York Times|date=5 May 2012|accessdate=24 October 2013}}</ref> === Enyemaka na ịdabere === Ọtụtụ mba gburugburu ụwa na-enye enyemaka ego iji kwado ndị ntorobịa na-enweghị ọrụ ruo mgbe ahịa ọrụ na ọnọdụ akụ na ụba ka mma. Ọ bụ ezie na nkwado a nwere njikọ chiri anya na ọrụ n'ihe gbasara ịchọ ọrụ na ọzụzụ, ọ dugara na arụmụka na-apụta ma ọ na-emepụta ịdabere n'etiti ndị ntorobịa ma nwee mmetụta na-emerụ ha.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=jwHvDIm-TToC&pg=PA160&lpg=PA160&dq=youth+unemployment+income+assistance+and+dependency&source=bl&ots=QiJlrLlOBx&sig=NWrHw0iIYGAwjiIfxxj_tVLhz-w&hl=en&sa=X&ei=TxmQVNHgOsn4UPCqhLAI&ved=0CFIQ6AEwCQ#v=onepage&q=youth%20unemployment%20income%20assistance%20and%20dependency&f=false Handbook of Youth and Young Adulthood: New Perspectives and Agendas], Andy Furlong, 2009</ref> Na Septemba 2014, David Cameron kwupụtara na ọ ga-ebelata ụlọ na uru ọrụ maka ndị dị afọ 18 ruo 21 site na £ 3,000 ruo £ 23,000 iji belata ịdabere na enyemaka gọọmentị ma weghachite ego na mmemme ndị a lekwasịrị anya maka ohere mmụta na ọzụzụ. == HụNnyocha ikpe == Ahụmahụ nke enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa dịgasị iche site na mba ruo mba. Nkọwa nke ndị ntorobịa nwekwara ike ịdịgasị iche site na mba ruo mba ya mere nyocha nke mba ụfọdụ na-enye nghọta ka ukwuu banyere ihe kpatara na nsonaazụ nke enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa. === Afrịka === Obodo ndị nọ na Afriika Kọwara ndị ntorobịa dịka ndị nke sitere na afọ iri na ise rue na agbata afọ iri ato nke pụrụ iche na ọtụtụ nke otu nke United Nations.<ref name="Youth employment-globalising world"/> Obodo ndị nọ Afriika nwere ọnụ Ọgụgụ dị nta nke iji tụnyere mpaghara ụwa ndị ọzọ nke pụtara na nsogbu nke ndị ntorobịa enweghị ọrụ na mpaghara ụwa dị oké mkpa. Na agba nyeghị na enweghi ọrụ nke ndị ntorobịa dị elu, nkea emeghị ka ihe kpatara enweghị ọrụ bụrụ ihe amara nke Ọma, otutu ihe bụ ihe na akpata enweghị ọrụ, ihe ndị dịka ihe eji aluputa dị ụkọ, ma ọ bụ enweghị ezigbo nzere na agụmakwụkwọ, na emetụta ndị okenye na kwa ụmụntakịrị na mpaghara ụwa Afriika ke.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Irwin|first=Stacie|title=How youth-specific is Africa's youth employment challenge?|journal=Knowledge for Development (K4D) Emerging Issues Report|year=2018|url=https://opendocs.ids.ac.uk/opendocs/bitstream/handle/123456789/13861/How_youth-specific_is_Africa%E2%80%99s_youth_employment_challenge.pdf}}</ref> ihe ruru nde puku abụọ ndị mmadụ na mpaghara ụwa Afriika ndị nke no agbata afọ iri na ise rue agbata afọ iri abụọ na anọ. Ọnụ Ọgụgụ aka bụ nke ele were anya ka ọ mụbaa na otú ọhabu site n' ugbua rue na afọ iri atọ na abia abịa.<ref name="Youth employment-globalising world" /> N' ihe dịka n' afọ puku abụọ na otu na puku abụọ na iri, obodo ndị nọ na Afrịka kwuputara ụfọdụ obodo ndị akụ na ụba ha n' eto ngwa ngwa.<ref name="Youth employment-globalising world" /> Na Afriika , ozi nke ndị ntorobịa n' enweta site na ụlọ akwụkwọ na ndị okenye bụ ka ha bụrụ ndị na emepụta ọrụ karịa ịbụ ndị na achọ ọrụ nke na akwado ha ị bụ ndị mmepụta ọrụ ma ọ bụ ndị nọrọ nke ha.<ref name="Youth employment-globalising world" /> Kwa afọ , ọnụ ọgụgụ ruru nde iri na abụọ bụ ndị sitere na Mahadum na abanye n<nowiki>' ọgbọ ịchọ ọrụ ma nanị nde atọ n'ime ha n' enweta ọrụ. Nkea na egosi na '' ogugo ugwu nke ndị ntorobịa n' enweghị ọrụ na amụ a kwa afọ''</nowiki>. of them are getting jobs.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Bank|first=African Development|date=2020-01-30|title=African Economic Outlook 2020: Africa's economy forecast to grow despite external shocks|url=https://www.afdb.org/en/news-and-events/press-releases/african-economic-outlook-2020-africas-economy-forecast-grow-despite-external-shocks-33839|accessdate=2020-09-21|work=African Development Bank - Building today, a better Africa tomorrow|language=en}}</ref> === Armenia === Ọ bụ ihe na-adọrọ mmasị ịhụ ọnụ ọgụgụ dị elu nke enweghị ọrụ n'etiti ndị na-eto eto Armenia (34%), ọ bụ ezie na ọnụ ọgụgụ dị ukwuu nke ndị ntorobịa Armenia gụrụ akwụkwọ nke ọma. Ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ 99% nke ndị bi na ya agwụla agụmakwụkwọ sekọndrị, na 33.4% nwetara agụmakwụkwọ mahadum / kọleji.<ref>Serrière, N., 2014. [online] Un.am. Available at: https://web.archive.org/web/20151208111525/http://www.un.am/up/library/Labor%20Market_Armenia_eng.pdf</ref> Akụkụ dị ukwuu nke ndị na-enweghị ọrụ bụ ndị nwere ọkwa agụmakwụkwọ dị ala; Otú ọ dị, pasentị nke ndị na'enweghị ọrụ n'etiti ndị na-eto eto gụrụ akwụkwọ dịkwa elu. N'ozuzu, otu n'ime isi nsogbu na ahịa ọrụ Armenia bụ enweghị nkwekọ n'etiti nnyefe na ọchịchọ. Ọnọdụ dị elu nke enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa bụ ihe kachasị mkpa n'ọhịa ọrụ. Na Armenia, ọnụ ọgụgụ enweghị ọrụ n'etiti ndị dị afọ 1524 bụ 32.6% na 2019. Dị ka nnyocha ahụ si kwuo, 64,6% nke ụmụ okorobịa na 52.3% nke ụmụ nwanyị dị afọ 1925 na-arụ ọrụ.<ref>Armstat. (2020). Labour force survey. https://www.armstat.am/file/article/trud_2020_9.pdf</ref> Nnyocha ahụ gosikwara na ndị ntorobịa anaghị etinye aka na ụlọ ọrụ na mmepụta kemịkal, ọ bụ ezie na a chọrọ ndị ntorobịa n'ógbè ndị ahụ. === Canada === Ọnọdụ akụ na ụba [[Kánada|Canada]] emegidewo ndakpọ akụ na ụba ụwa karịa ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ. Mana n'afọ gara aga, 14.3% nke ndị ntorobịa Canada enweghị ọrụ, site na 11.2% na 2007 ma jiri okpukpu abụọ nke ọnụ ọgụgụ na-enweghị ọrụ nke mba ugbu a nke 7.2%, dị ka Statistics Canada si kwuo. Nke ahụ bụ nnukwu ọdịiche dị n'etiti ndị ntorobịa na ndị okenye na-enweghị ọrụ kemgbe 1977.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.ca/2013/10/07/youth-unemployment_n_4059291.html|title=Unemployment Plagues Young People Around The World|work=Huffington Post|date=7 October 2013|accessdate=24 June 2016|author=Mohamed Omar|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160812195705/http://www.huffingtonpost.ca/2013/10/07/youth-unemployment_n_4059291.html|archivedate=12 August 2016}}</ref> Onye gụsịrị akwụkwọ na sekọndrị na-ebu $ 28,000 n'ụgwọ ụmụ akwụkwọ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.ca/2013/07/10/youth-unemployment-canada_n_3574151.html|title=Unemployment 'Scarring' Youth And Parents, Liberals Say|work=Huffington Post|date=10 July 2013|accessdate=24 June 2016|author=CBC|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160812185322/http://www.huffingtonpost.ca/2013/07/10/youth-unemployment-canada_n_3574151.html|archivedate=12 August 2016}}</ref> Ọnụ ọgụgụ enweghị ọrụ maka ndị na-eto eto Canada bụ ihe dị ka okpukpu abụọ karịa nke ndị ọzọ bi na ya.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.ca/2012/03/28/youth-job-centres-shut-canada_n_1384502.html|title=Students Slam Ottawa For Shutting Youth Job Centres|work=Huffington Post|date=28 March 2012|accessdate=24 June 2016|author=CBC|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160812175709/http://www.huffingtonpost.ca/2012/03/28/youth-job-centres-shut-canada_n_1384502.html|archivedate=12 August 2016}}</ref> Na mpaghara kachasị ukwuu na Canada, Ontario, ọnụ ọgụgụ enweghị ọrụ maka ndị nọ n'agbata afọ 15 na 24 dị ihe dị ka 13%. Pasentị nke ndị ntorobịa nọ na Ontario ndị nwere ọrụ n'ezie arịghi karịa 52% n'afọ a. Ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị ntorobịa na-enweghị ọrụ na Toronto dị na 18%, mana naanị 43% nke ndị ntorobịa nọ n'ógbè ahụ na-arụ ọrụ, ọnụ ọgụgụ kachasị ala na mpaghara ahụ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://o.canada.com/business/ontario-facing-chronic-youth-unemployment|title=Ontario faces "chronic" youth unemployment|work=canada.com|date=27 September 2013|accessdate=24 June 2016|author=Peter Lozinski|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160919035507/http://o.canada.com/business/ontario-facing-chronic-youth-unemployment|archivedate=19 September 2016}}</ref> === Njikọ Europe === N'ihi nnukwu ndalata akụ na ụba na Europe, na 2009, naanị 15% nke ụmụ nwoke na 10% nke ụmụ nwanyị nọ n'agbata afọ 1619 na-arụ ọrụ oge niile. Ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị na-eto eto na-arụ ọrụ na European Union ruru ala ala nke 32.9% na ọkara mbụ nke afọ 2011.<ref>Furlong, Andy. "Chapter 4." Youth Studies an Introduction. Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge, 2013. 75. Print.</ref> N'ime mba ndị dị na European Union, Germany na-apụta na ọnụego dị ala nke 7.9%.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Tse|first=Terence|title=Demystifying Youth Unemployment|journal=World Economics|year=2013|volume=14|issue=3}}</ref> Ụfọdụ ndị nkatọ na-ekwu na mbelata nke enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa malitere ọbụna tupu ndakpọ akụ na ụba, mba ndị dị ka Gris na Spain. N'ọnwa Ọktoba 2019, nde mmadụ 3.2 (n'okpuru afọ 25) enweghị ọrụ na EU-28, nke nde 2.26 nọ na mpaghara euro. Ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị na-eto eto na-enweghị ọrụ bụ 14.4% na EU-28 na 15.6% na mpaghara euro, ma e jiri ya tụnyere ihe dị ka 25% na 2013. A hụrụ ọnụ ọgụgụ kachasị ala na [[Chekia|Czechia]] (5.5%) na Germany (5.8%) , ebe edere ọnụ ọgụgụ kachasị elu na Gris (33.1% na nkeji iri na ise nke 2019), Spain (32.8%) na Ịtali (27.8%).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php?title=Unemployment_statistics|title=Unemployment statistics|work=ec.europa.eu}}</ref> Mba dị iche iche ewepụtala atụmatụ Nkwado Ndị Ntorobịa na-elekwasị anya na enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ec.europa.eu/social/home.jsp?langId=en|title=Employment, Social Affairs & Inclusion - European Commission|work=ec.europa.eu}}</ref> === France === N'afọ 2017, ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị ntorobịa na-enweghị ọrụ na France bụ 22.3%, nke dị elu ma e jiri ya tụnyere ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị na-enweghị ihe ọ bụla nke 8.9%.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://data.oecd.org/unemp/unemployment-rate.htm#indicator-chart|title=Unemployment - Unemployment rate - OECD Data|work=theOECD|language=en|accessdate=5 May 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170902134800/https://data.oecd.org/unemp/unemployment-rate.htm#indicator-chart|archivedate=2 September 2017}}</ref> France nwere otu n'ime ọnụ ọgụgụ kachasị elu nke enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa n'etiti mba EU, na-esote Gris, Spain, Ịtali na [[Portugal]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://data.oecd.org/unemp/youth-unemployment-rate.htm#indicator-chart|title=Unemployment - Youth unemployment rate - OECD Data|work=theOECD|language=en|accessdate=5 May 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180506173509/https://data.oecd.org/unemp/youth-unemployment-rate.htm#indicator-chart|archivedate=6 May 2018}}</ref> BụỌnọdụ agụmakwụkwọ bụ ihe na-emetụta enweghị ọrụ maka ndị ntorobịa France. Ndị na-abanyeghị na mmemme agụmakwụkwọ ka elu nwere ọnụọgụ ọrụ nke 30% nke dị ala ma e jiri ya tụnyere ọnụọgụ ndị ọrụ nke ihe karịrị 80% maka ndị batara na agụmakwụkwọ dị elu.<ref name=":02">Cahuc, Pierre; Carcillo, Stéphane; Zimmermann, Klaus F. (2013) : The Employment of the Low-Skilled Youth in France, IZA Policy Paper, No. 64, Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA), Bonn</ref> France na-enwetakwa ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu nke ndị na-ahapụ ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị, na-akpata ọnụ ọgụgụ dị elu nke ndị ọrụ ntorobịa na-enweghị nkà. Enweghị ọzụzụ ọrụ aka ma ọ bụ nkà zuru oke nke ndị were mmadụ n'ọrụ na-achọ, ọtụtụ ndị ntorobịa France enweghị nhọrọ maka ọrụ.<ref name=":02" /> Okwu a nke enweghị ọrụ anọwo na atụmatụ French ruo ọtụtụ iri afọ ma kpalie ọtụtụ mgbalị iji belata mmetụta ya. N'afọ 2010, France guzobere iwu ọrụ iji setịpụ ụgwọ ọrụ kacha nta maka ndị ntorobịa. Ọzọkwa, mmemme ọha na eze na-agụnye ịkwalite ọzụzụ ọrụ iji kwado ndị ọrụ ka ha banye n'ọkwá ọhụrụ, ịmepụta ọrụ ndị ọzọ karịsịa maka ndị ọrụ nwere nkà dị ala, yana ibelata ụgwọ ọrụ site na enyemaka na mbọ ndị ọzọ.<ref>Fougère, Denis & Kramarz, Francis & Magnac, Thierry, 2000. "Youth Employment Policies In France,"CEPR Discussion Papers 2394, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.</ref> E jiri ya tụnyere mba ndị ọzọ mepere emepe na ndị otu OECD, France na-egosipụta ọnụ ọgụgụ enweghị ọrụ dị elu yana ogologo oge. Site na 1983 ruo 2018 ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị ntorobịa na-enweghị ọrụ na France nwere mmụba zuru oke. Ọ mere nkezi na ọnụọgụ nke 20.19% na-eru ihe kachasị elu nke 26.2% na 2012.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://kilm.ilo.org|title=Portal Home|work=kilm.ilo.org|accessdate=5 May 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160814222500/http://kilm.ilo.org/|archivedate=14 August 2016}}</ref> Site na 1979 ruo 1984, France hụrụ ụgwọ ọrụ kacha nta ya, SMIC (salaire minimum interprofessional de croissance), rịrị elu nke ukwuu. N'akụkọ ihe mere eme, ịrị elu nke SMIC egosila na ọ na-akpata mmụba nke enweghị ọrụ n'etiti ndị ntorobịa mba ahụ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ycharts.com/indicators/france_youth_unemployment_rate_lfs|title=France Youth Unemployment Rate|work=ycharts.com|language=en|accessdate=5 May 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180505135228/https://ycharts.com/indicators/france_youth_unemployment_rate_lfs|archivedate=5 May 2018}}</ref> Na ngwụcha oge a, enweghị ọrụ maka ndị ntorobịa bụ 26%, ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ okpukpu abụọ nke nkezi ndị ntorobịa na-enweghị ọrụ OECD.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Katz|first=Lawrence F.|title=A Comparison of Changes in the Structure of Wages in Four OECD Countries|url=https://scholar.harvard.edu/lkatz/publications/comparison-changes-structure-wages-four-oecd-countries|journal=Differences and Changes in Wage Structures|year=1995|language=en}}</ref> France hụkwara mbelata okpukpu abụọ n'ime ndị ntorobịa na-arụsi ọrụ ike n'ahịa ọrụ site na afọ 1980 - 2007.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Martin|first=Gary|date=2009|title=A portrait of the youth labor market in 13 countries, 1980–2007|journal=Monthly Labor Review|pages=3–21}}</ref> Na mgbalị iji lụso enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa ọgụ, France gbalịrị imeziwanye usoro agụmakwụkwọ ha n'ihi na France na-ahụ mbelata nke enweghị ọrụ n'etiti ndị natara ọkwa agụmakwụkwọ dị elu. Otú ọ dị, ndị na-amaghị nke ọma, ọ bụghị naanị na ha na-enwe ọnụ ọgụgụ na-arịwanye elu nke enweghị ọrụ, kamakwa ogologo oge nke enweghị ọrụ. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, na 1996, 58% nke ndị ọrụ kachasị ala gụrụ akwụkwọ nwere nkezi otu afọ nke enweghị ọrụ.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Gruber|first=Jonathan|date=January 2009|title=Social Security Programs and Retirement Around the World: The Relationship to Youth Employment, Introduction and Summary|doi=10.3386/w14647|url=http://www.nber.org/papers/w14647|accessdate=5 May 2018}}</ref> France emeela ihe ịga nke ọma n'ịbawanye agụmakwụkwọ dị elu n'etiti ndị ntorobịa ya, na-eru ihe mgbaru ọsọ Europe 2020 nke ibelata ịhapụ ụlọ akwụkwọ n'oge na-adịghị anya ruo n'okpuru 10%.<ref name="researchgate">{{Cite book|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/321724608|title=Assessing the Performance of School-to-Work Transition Regimes in the EU|author=P Hadjivassiliou|first=Kari|date=1 October 2016}}</ref> France na-enye agụmakwụkwọ dị elu n'efu ma gọọmentị na-enye ụmụ akwụkwọ ụgwọ ọrụ.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://cepr.net/blogs/beat-the-press/the-myth-of-high-youth-unemployment-in-france|title=The Myth of High Youth Unemployment in France|author=Baker|first=Dean|accessdate=5 May 2018|language=en-US}}</ref> Like other countries in the European Union, France has enacted school-to-work policies in order to facilitate the school-two-work transition for youths once they've completed their higher education. They have longer transition time for students entering the work force and include offers newly graduated students several tools to enhance their market inclusion. The government has taken several measures in an effort to lower labour costs such as subsidized employment contracts and multiple VET placements.<ref name="researchgate"/> However, these policies have appeared to return minor results as the country continues to report high youth unemployment rates especially among differing social classes. First, they are less effective among the youth migrant population who face disconnect from the labour market due to France's employment-centred economy experiencing, on average, unemployment rates that are 4% higher than non-migrant workers.<ref name="style-handbook.eu">{{Cite web|url=http://style-handbook.eu/contents-list/migration-and-mobility/gender-and-migrant-workers-fragile-transitions-from-education-to-employment/|title=Gender and migrant workers' fragile transitions from education to employment - STYLE Handbook|work=style-handbook.eu|language=en-GB|accessdate=5 May 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171228165706/http://style-handbook.eu/contents-list/migration-and-mobility/gender-and-migrant-workers-fragile-transitions-from-education-to-employment/|archivedate=28 December 2017}}</ref> Furthermore, there is also prevalent gender disparities among the younger population.<ref name="style-handbook.eu" /> === Gris === Ọnọdụ enweghị ọrụ nke ndị ntorobịa na Gris ka bụ otu n'ime ndị kachasị elu n'ụwa. Dị ka otu isi mmalite si kwuo, n'etiti afọ 2000 na 2008, enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa mụbara site na 63% ruo 72%.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Tubadji|first=Annie|year=2012|title=Youth Unemployment in Greece|url=http://library.fes.de/pdf-files/id/09475.pdf|pages=6|accessdate=3 December 2016}}</ref> Isi iyi dị iche na-eji nkọwa kwekọrọ ekwekọ nke enweghị ọrụ depụtara ọnụ ọgụgụ enweghị ọrụ nke ndị ntorobịa ruo afọ 24 dị ka 24.2% na Gris n'afọ 2009.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|year=2010|title=Economic Bulletin|url=https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/6402221.pdf#page=22|volume=33|pages=22|accessdate=3 December 2016}}</ref> Iji tinye nke a n'echiche, nkezi EU-27 n'oge ahụ bụ 18.3%.<ref name=":0" /> Enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa rịrị elu ruo 40.1% na Mee 2011 wee laghachi ọzọ ruo ihe dị ka 55% na Nọvemba 2012.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Ifanti|first=Amalia|year=2013|title=Financial crisis and austerity measures in Greece: Their impact on health promotion policies and public health care|journal=Health Policy|volume=113|issue=1–2|pages=1–2|doi=10.1016/j.healthpol.2013.05.017|pmid=23790265}}</ref> Na mgbakwunye na enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa (ya bụ ndị ruru afọ 25), Gris nwekwara nnukwu enweghị ọrụ nke ndị gụsịrị akwụkwọ nke afọ 2529. N'afọ 1998, Gris nwere ọkwa kachasị elu nke enweghị ọrụ nke ndị gụsịrị akwụkwọ na agụmakwụkwọ ka elu n'etiti afọ 25-29. Nke a bụ n'ihi enweghị ọchịchọ maka ndị ọrụ gụrụ akwụkwọ nke ọma n'oge ahụ.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Liagouras|first=George|year=2003|title=Exploring Mismatches Between Higher Education and the Labour Market in Greece|journal=European Journal of Education|volume=38|issue=4|pages=413–426|doi=10.1111/j.0141-8211.2003.00158.x}}</ref> Omume ọrụ a dị ala n'etiti ndị nwere agụmakwụkwọ dị elu na-aga n'ihu taa. N'oge na-adịbeghị anya dị ka afọ 2009, "otu n'ime ndị gụsịrị akwụkwọ na agụmakwụkwọ dị elu atọ, abụọ n'ime atọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ sekọndrị, na otu n'ime mmadụ atọ gụsịrịchara akwụkwọ na agụmụka iwu achọtabeghị ụdị ọrụ siri ike".<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Sotiris|first=Panagiotis|year=2010|title=Rebels with a Cause: The December 2008 Geek Youth Movement as the Condensation of Deeper Social and Political Contradictions.|journal=International Journal of Urban and Regional Research|volume=24|pages=203–209|doi=10.1111/j.1468-2427.2010.00949.x}}</ref> A na-eche na enweghị ọrụ a nyere aka na mmetụta nke nkụda mmụọ n'etiti ndị ntorobịa nke mesịrị duga na ọgba aghara ndị Gris na 2008. Ọnọdụ ndị a dị elu nke enweghị ọrụ na-akawanye njọ site na ọdịda nke òtù ọrụ iji dọta ndị ọrụ na-eto eto. Kọmitii Ndị Ọrụ Na-eto eto nke GSEE kpughere na ngosi 2008 na ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ụzọ abụọ n'ụzọ atọ nke ndị ọrụ na-eto eto esonyeghị n'òtù ọrụ ha.<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal|author=Kretsos|first=Lefteris|year=2011|title=Union responses to the rise of precarious youth employment in Greece|journal=Industrial Relations Journal|volume=42|issue=5|pages=412–506|doi=10.1111/j.1468-2338.2011.00634.x}}</ref> Ọ bụ ezie na òtù ndị ọrụ dị ka GSEE na ADEDY na-akwalite mmụba ụgwọ ọrụ site na mgbalị nkwekọrịta ma nye aka inweta ụgwọ ọrụ dị elu maka ndị ọrụ na-eto eto, ụgwọ ọrụ nke ndị ọrụ na'eto eto nọgidere na-adị ala karịa ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ mba ndị ọzọ niile dị na EU-15.<ref name=":1" /> === India === Ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị na-eto eto na-enweghị ọrụ dị ihe dị ka 10% na 2005, mana ha ekwughi ọnụ ọgụgụ a pụrụ ịdabere na ya na United Nations kemgbe ọtụtụ afọ.<ref name="UNStat"/> Otú ọ dị, e nweela mmụba n'etiti ndị okenye na-eto eto fọdụrụ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ ma nweta akara ugo mmụta ndị ọzọ naanị n'ihi na enweghị ohere maka ọrụ. Ndị ntorobịa a na-abụkarị ndị nọ n'ọkwá dị ala, mana ọ nwere ike ịnọchite anya ọtụtụ ndị mmadụ n'etiti agbụrụ na klas. Na [[Ndia|India]], usoro ọrụ na-adabere na njikọ ma ọ bụ ohere gọọmentị.<ref name="Timepass">{{Cite journal|author=Jeffrey|first=Craig|title=Timepass: Youth, class, and time among unemployed young men in India|journal=American Ethnologist|date=14 July 2010|volume=37|issue=3|pages=465–481|doi=10.1111/j.1548-1425.2010.01266.x}}</ref> === Ịtali ===   N'ime Eurozone, ọ bụ naanị [[Greece|Gris]] na [[Spain]] na-egosipụta ọnụ ọgụgụ dị elu nke enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa karịa Ịtali.<ref name="Bank 2014">{{Cite web|url=http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SL.UEM.1524.ZS|title=Unemployment, youth total (% of total labor force ages 15-24) (modeled ILO estimate)|author=Bank|first=World|date=2014|publisher=World Bank|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161201211409/http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SL.UEM.1524.ZS|archivedate=1 December 2016}}</ref> N'otu aka ahụ na Spain, pasentị nke ndị dị afọ 1524 e wepụrụ n'ahịa ọrụ hụrụ ịrị elu dị egwu mgbe nsogbu ego nke 2007 2008 gasịrị. N'agbata afọ 2008 na afọ 2014, enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa ji 21.5% rịa elu. Ka ọ na-erule n'afọ ahụ, ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ 43% nke ndị na-eto eto ewepụrụ n'ahịa ọrụ na Ịtali.<ref>{{Cite book|title=L'occupazione giovanile al tempo della crisi: Italia ed Austria a confronto.|author=Caccia|first=Flaminia|publisher=LUISS University|year=2015|pages=24}}</ref> Ọzọkwa, enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa na-ekesa n'ụzọ na-ahaghị nhata na mba ahụ dum. Na nkeji iri na ise nke atọ nke afọ 2014, naanị 29.7% nke ndị na-eto eto enweghị ọrụ na North. Ọnụ ọgụgụ a na-abawanye na 51.5% na-atụ egwu mgbe ị na-ele South nke Ịtali.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://dati.istat.it/Index.aspx?DataSetCode=DCCV_TAXDISOCCU|title=Tasso di disocupazione|author=ISTAT|date=2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161130193948/http://dati.istat.it/Index.aspx?DataSetCode=DCCV_TAXDISOCCU|archivedate=30 November 2016}}</ref> === Jọdan === E nwere nde ụmụ okorobịa iri na ise na-enweghị ọrụ n'obodo ndị Arab.<ref name="JordanCommunity">{{Cite journal|author=Hussainat|first=Mohammad. M.|title=The Impact of Unemployment on Young People in the Jordanian Community: A Case Study from Unemployed Perspective|journal=Asian Social Science|date=31 December 2012|volume=9|issue=1|doi=10.5539/ass.v9n1p155}}</ref> Ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị ntorobịa na-enweghị ọrụ na Jọdan dị elu karịa mba ndị ọzọ. N'ime afọ iri gara aga, ọnụego ahụ anọgidewo na 23%.<ref name="UNStat"/> E nweela mmụba n'oge na-adịbeghị anya na nkwenye a ma ama na enweghị ọrụ bụ ụta nke onye ọ bụla ọ bụghị nsogbu ọha na eze.<ref name="JordanCommunity" /> Otú ọ dị, enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa na-esokwa na nrụgide na-arịwanye elu na ngalaba ọrụ ndị na-ewe ọtụtụ ndị ntorobịa n'ọrụ na Jọdan.<ref name="JordanCommunity" /> Enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa emeela ka oge na oge ndị ọzọ nke alụmdi na nwunye na Jọdan, nke ụfọdụ na-ele anya dị ka otu n'ime ihe kachasị mkpa nke ihe omume ahụ.<ref name="JordanCommunity" /> Nsonaazụ ọzọ e nwere na Jọdan bụ nsogbu ahụike uche na-arịwanye elu.<ref name="JordanCommunity" /> N'afọ 2019, ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị ntorobịa na-enweghị ọrụ na Jọdan dị pasent 35.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Jordan - youth unemployment rate 2009-2019|url=https://www.statista.com/statistics/812127/youth-unemployment-rate-in-jordan/|accessdate=2020-09-21|work=Statista|language=en}}</ref> === Kenya === Kenya, nke bụ otu n'ime akụ na ụba na-eto ngwa ngwa na Sub-Saharan Africa, nke na-eme ka uto GDP nke 5.7% na 2019, nwere otu n'etiti ọnụ ọgụgụ kachasị elu nke ndị ntorobịa na-enweghị ọrụ n'Ebe Ọwụwa Anyanwụ Africa na data sitere na ọnụ ọgụgụ mba ahụ na-adịbeghị anya na-egosi enweghị ọrụ na-akawanye njọ maka ndị ntorobịa dị n'agbata afọ 18203. Dabere na ọnụ ọgụgụ mmadụ nke afọ 2019, ihe karịrị otu ụzọ n'ụzọ atọ nke ndị ntorobịa Kenya ruru eru ịrụ ọrụ enweghị ọrụ.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Trizer|first=Mwanyika|date=2019-11-04|title=2019 Kenya Population and Housing Census Results|url=https://www.knbs.or.ke/?p=5621|accessdate=2020-08-24|work=Kenya National Bureau of Statistics|language=en-US}}</ref> Ngụkọta nke 5,341,182 (38.9%) n'ime 13,777,600 na-eto eto Kenya enweghị ọrụ. Ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị ntorobịa dị afọ 18 ruo 34 bụ nde 13.7, nke 61% na-arụ ọrụ ebe nde 1.6 na-achọ ọrụ ma ọ bụ gosipụta na enweghị ọrụ. A na-ewere ndị na-eto eto Kenya dị ka ihe dị mkpa na mgbanwe akụ na ụba nke mba ahụ. Site na ọ dịkarịa ala 20% nke ndị bi na mba ahụ n'agbata afọ 15 na 24, a na-eto mba East Africa dị ka otu n'ime mba ndị nwere ike ị nweta ego site n'inye agụmakwụkwọ na ọrụ kwesịrị ekwesị maka ndị ntorobịa na-eto eto.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2016-04-04|title=Take advantage of demographic dividend|url=https://kenya.unfpa.org/en/news/take-advantage-demographic-dividend|accessdate=2020-08-24|work=UNFPA Kenya|language=en}}</ref> Demographic Divided na-ezo aka na uru akụ na ụba mba nwere ike inweta mgbe ọ nwere ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu nke ndị na-arụ ọrụ karịa ndị na-adịghị arụ ọrụ na-enye aka na akụ na ụba. Gọọmentị Kenya na-aga n'ihu na-eme ọganihu ụfọdụ n'ịgbalị ịnagide enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa dị elu site n'ịmepụta mmemme dị iche iche n'okpuru ọrụ nkwenye. Nke a gụnyere National Youth Service, The [http://www.youthfund.go.ke/ National Youth Enterprise Development Fund], The Women Enterprise Fund, Kazi Mtaani na Ajira Digital, nke na-enye ndị ntorobịa ikike dijitalụ iji mee ka ha nwee ike ịbanye na akụ na ụba dijitalụ.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Training of Kazi Mtaani Beneficiaries|url=https://youth.go.ke/kazi-mtaani/|accessdate=2022-02-07|language=en-US|archivedate=2022-02-07|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220207221214/https://youth.go.ke/kazi-mtaani/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Why Kenyan youths will have to wait longer to resume Kazi Mtaani activities|url=https://www.the-star.co.ke/news/2022-01-06-why-kenyan-youths-will-have-to-wait-longer-to-resume-kazi-mtaani-activities/|accessdate=2022-02-07|work=The Star|language=en-KE}}</ref> Dabere na akụkọ 2021 nke ụlọ ọrụ ICT, Innovations and Youth Affairs, pasent 5 nke ndị Kenya (1.3 nde) na-arụ ọrụ n'ịntanetị site na Ajira Digital Program na June 2021.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-09-30|title=1.2 Million People Working Online in Kenya|url=https://www.kenyaforum.net/economy/1-2-million-people-working-online-in-kenya/|accessdate=2022-02-07|work=The Kenya Forum|language=en}}</ref> '''''Iwu mmepe ndị ntorobịa'''''<ref>{{Cite web|title=NYC {{!}} NATIONAL YOUTH COUNCIL KENYA|url=https://www.nationalyouthcouncil.go.ke/|accessdate=2020-08-24|work=www.nationalyouthcouncil.go.ke}}</ref> nke Kenya 2019, nke a malitere na 12 Ọgọstụ 2020 n'oge emume mba nke ''Ụbọchị Ndị Ntorobịa Mba Nile'', na-amata ihe okike, ihe ọhụrụ, na mmepụta ihe nke ndị ntorobịa gosipụtara na ikike ha ịghọ ndị isi mgbanwe dị ka isi ike, na nkwa iji ike ndị a mee ihe maka mmezu nke mmụba nke ọnụ ọgụgụ mmadụ. Iwu ahụ na-enye usoro iji dozie ụfọdụ ihe ịma aka ndị ntorobịa na-eche ihu na Kenya, gụnyere enweghị ọrụ dị mma. === Rọshịa === Enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa na Russia karịrị 18% na 2010.<ref name="UNStat">{{Cite web|title=Youth unemployment rate, aged 15-24, men|url=http://unstats.un.org/unsd/mdg/SeriesDetail.aspx?srid=597|publisher=United Nations Statistic Division|accessdate=10 April 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131203024313/http://unstats.un.org/unsd/mdg/SeriesDetail.aspx?srid=597|archivedate=3 December 2013}}</ref> Otú ọ dị, e nwere nnukwu ọdịiche na ọkwa enweghị ọrụ na Russia naanị afọ ole na ole tupu mgbe ahụ, nke gara n'ihu site na nsogbu akụ na ụba nke afọ 2008. N'afọ 2005, mpaghara dị gburugburu Moscow nwere ọnụ ọgụgụ enweghị ọrụ nke naanị 1% ebe mpaghara Dagestan nwere ọnụ ọgụgụ karịrị 22%. Nke a nwere ike ịbụ n'akụkụ ụfọdụ n'ihi ọdịiche dị na ọkwa mmepe na mpaghara ahụ. Achọpụtala na ọkwa dị elu nke mmepe na mpaghara, ọkwa nke enweghị ọrụ zuru oke na nke ndị ntorobịa dị ala.<ref name="RussianCrises"/><ref name="RussianDeterminants">{{Cite journal|author=Demidova|first=Olga|title=Determinants of youth unemployment in Russian regions|journal=Post-Communist Economies|year=2012|volume=24|issue=2|pages=191–217|doi=10.1080/14631377.2012.675155}}</ref> Na Russia, isi ihe kpatara enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa bụ n'ihi ọkwa dị ala nke isi obodo mmadụ.<ref name="RussianCrises"/> === Saụt Afrịka === Malite na 1970s, enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa anọwo na-arị elu na South Africa.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Labor Markets and Economic Development|author=Kanbur, Svejnar|first=Ravi, Jan|publisher=Routledge|year=2009|location=Abingdon, Oxon|pages=91}}</ref> Taa, a na-ahụta South Africa dị ka mba nke anọ nwere pasent kachasị elu nke ndị ntorobịa na-enweghị ọrụ n'ụwa. Ka ọ na-erule n'afọ 2014, 52.6% nke ndị dị afọ 15 na 24 na-achọ ọrụ enweghị ọrụ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SL.UEM.1524.ZS|title=Unemployment, youth total (% of total labor force ages 15-24) (modeled ILO estimate)|author=Bank|first=World|date=2014|work=World Bank|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161201211409/http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SL.UEM.1524.ZS|archivedate=1 December 2016}}</ref> Ọzọkwa, enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa na-ekesa n'ụzọ na-ahaghị nhata n'akụkụ dị iche iche nke ndị mmadụ. Ọ bụ ezie na enweghị ọrụ n'etiti ndị na-eto eto na-acha ọcha ruru 12%, ọnụ ọgụgụ a na-arị elu ruo 70% na-enye nsogbu n'etiti ụmụ okorobịa ojii.<ref name=":2">Mlatsheni, C., & Sandrine, R. (2002). ''Why is Youth Unemployment so High and Unequally spread in South Africa?'' University of Cape Town. </ref> O nwere ike ịbụ na mmetụta fọdụrụ n'oge ịkpa ókè agbụrụ emeela ka ebe ọrụ dị anya site n'ụlọ ndị isi ojii ma e jiri ya tụnyere ndị ọcha. Nke a, ịkpa ókè na-adịgide adịgide, na nzụlite na-ahaghị nhata so n'ọtụtụ ihe kpatara nkesa na-adịghị mma nke enweghị ọrụ n'etiti ndị na-eto eto ọcha na ndị isi ojii South Africa.<ref name=":3">{{Cite journal|author=Abhijit|first=Banerjee|year=2008|title=Why has unemployment risen in South Africa?|journal=Economics of Transition|volume=16|issue=4|pages=715–740|doi=10.1111/j.1468-0351.2008.00340.x}}</ref> Ọtụtụ n'ime ndị ntorobịa na-enweghị ọrụ arụtụbeghị ọrụ. Ihe a tụrụ aro maka nke a bụ na mmemme ezumike nká nke South Africa dị oke mmesapụ aka ma e jiri ya tụnyere mba ndị ọzọ na-enweta ego dị n'etiti. A na-akwụ ụfọdụ ndị South Africa nọ n'ọkwá dị elu (nke na-emetụta ndị ọcha) ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ okpukpu abụọ nke ego onye ọ bụla na-enweta. Nke a emeela ka ọtụtụ n'ime ndị ntorobịa na-enweghị ọrụ na-adị ndụ site na nkwado ndị okenye ha, si otú a belata mkpali ịchọ ọrụ.<ref name=":3"/> Na mgbakwunye, ụgwọ ọnwa nke ọtụtụ ndị na-eto eto Afrịka dị elu nke ukwuu. Ihe dị ka 60% nke ụmụ nwoke na 40% nke ụmụ nwanyị nwere ụgwọ ọrụ dị elu karịa ka ha nwere ike ịtụ anya ya site na obere ụlọ ọrụ.<ref name=":4">{{Cite journal|author=Rankin|first=Neil|year=2011|title=Youth Unemployment, Firm Size and Reservation Waves in South Africa|url=https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/24027/1/MPRA_paper_24027.pdf|journal=South African Journal of Economics|volume=79|issue=2|pages=128–145|doi=10.1111/j.1813-6982.2011.01272.x|accessdate=10 December 2019}}</ref> Ụfọdụ na-atụle ikike ha nwere inweta ọrụ site na ụlọ ọrụ ndị na-asọmpi, na-akwụ ụgwọ dị elu, nnukwu ụlọ ọrụ ma si otú a nọgide na-enweghị ọrụ. Ụgwọ ọrụ dị elu nke ụlọ ọrụ ndị buru ibu, na mgbakwunye na ụgwọ ọrụ (dị ka njem ma ọ bụ ụgwọ ụlọ), na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ na ọ gaghị ekwe omume maka ụfọdụ ndị ntorobịa ịnabata ọrụ na-akwụ ụgwọ dị ala site na obere ụlọ ọrụ. Ya mere, ọtụtụ n'ime ndị ntorobịa nọ na South Africa họọrọ ịnọgide na-enweghị ọrụ ruo mgbe ha nwere ike ịchọta ọrụ na ụlọ ọrụ buru ibu.<ref name=":4" /> Ndị ntorobịa South Africa na-enwekwa nsogbu agụmakwụkwọ. Ọtụtụ na-ahapụ usoro agụmakwụkwọ n'oge. Ndị ọzọ na-eche enweghị nkwenye nkà site n'aka ndị were ha n'ọrụ ihu, "ọbụlagodi na ha nwere nzere na ngalaba ndị a na-ewere dị ka ndị a chọrọ nke ukwuu".<ref name="Garcia, J. R. 2011">Garcia, J. R. (2011). ''Desempleo juvenil en España: causas y soluciones.'' Madrid: BBVA.</ref> N'ime nkeji iri na ise nke afọ 2020, e nwere nde ndị na-eto eto 20.4 dị afọ 1534 . Ndị na-eto eto a mejupụtara 63.3% nke ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị na-enweghị ọrụ. Ọnụ ọgụgụ enweghị ọrụ n'ime otu a bụ 43.2% na nkeji iri na ise nke afọ 2020. Ndị ntorobịa dị afọ 15 na 24 bụ ndị kachasị ike n'ahịa ọrụ South Africa dịka ọnụọgụ enweghị ọrụ n'etiti ndị ọgbọ a bụ 59.0% na nkeji iri na ise nke afọ 2020. N'etiti ndị gụsịrị akwụkwọ n'afọ ndụ a, ọnụ ọgụgụ enweghị ọrụ bụ 33.1% n'oge a ma e jiri ya tụnyere 24.6% na nkeji iri anọ nke afọ 2019 bụ mmụba nke 8.5 pasentị nkeji iri na ise.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Africa|first=Statistics South|title=Vulnerability of youth in the South African labour market {{!}} Statistics South Africa|url=http://www.statssa.gov.za/?p=13379|accessdate=2020-09-21|language=en-US}}</ref> === Spain === N'ime iri afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya, nsogbu nke enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa ewerewo oke egwu na [[Spain]]. Nsogbu ego nke 2007 na 2008 dakwasịrị mba ahụ nke ukwuu na ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị na-eto eto na-enweghị ọrụ rịrị elu n'oge a. N'ime mba OECD, Spain gosipụtara mmụba kachasị ukwuu n'ihe gbasara enweghị ọrụ n'ime ndị dị afọ 1524 .<ref>Scarpetta, S., A. Sonnet and T. Manfredi (2010), "Rising Youth Unemployment During The Crisis: How to Prevent Negative Long-term Consequences on a Generation?", ''OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers'', No. 106, OECD Publishing, Paris.</ref> Ka ọ na-erule afọ 2014, 57.9% nke ndị ntorobịa nọ na Spain enweghị ọrụ.<ref name="Bank 2014"/> A na-eche na mmejuputa iwu ọrụ dị irè na mmụba nkewa nke ọrụ a kara aka n'oge ndakpọ akụ na ụba bụ isi ihe kpatara ọnọdụ dị egwu dị otú ahụ.<ref name="Garcia, J. R. 2011">Garcia, J. R. (2011). ''Desempleo juvenil en España: causas y soluciones.'' Madrid: BBVA.</ref> === United Kingdom === Enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa na United Kingdom bụ ọkwa enweghị ọrụ n'etiti ndị na-eto eto, nke a na-akọwa dịka ndị dị afọ 1825 . Echiche yiri ya bụ '''enweghị ọrụ gụsịrị akwụkwọ''' nke bụ ọkwa enweghị ọrụ n'etiti ndị gụsịrị akwụkwọ na mahadum. Ndekọ ọnụ ọgụgụ maka June 2010 na-egosi na e nwere ndị na-eto eto 926,000 na-erubeghị afọ 25 na-enweghị ọrụ nke na-aha ka enweghị ọrụ nke 19.6% n'etiti ndị na-eme ntorobịa.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2010/jun/20/young-unemployed-george-osborne-cuts|title=Dole queue beckons for Britain's young &#124; David Blanchflower &#124; Comment is free &#124; guardian.co.uk|work=Guardian|date=20 June 2010|accessdate=13 July 2010}}</ref> Nke a bụ ọnụ ọgụgụ kachasị elu nke enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa n'ime afọ 17.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.republikein.com.na/die-mark/expats-exit-grim-uk.109925.php|title=Expats exit grim UK|publisher=Republikein.com.na|date=8 July 2010|accessdate=13 July 2010|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110716054015/http://www.republikein.com.na/die-mark/expats-exit-grim-uk.109925.php|archivedate=16 July 2011}}</ref> N'ọnwa Nọvemba afọ 2011, enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa ruru nde 1.02 mana ọ daala na 767,000 ka ọ na-erule n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ afọ 2014.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/business/2011/nov/16/youth-unemployment-hits-1m-uk|work=The Guardian|first=Katie|author=Allen|title=Youth unemployment hits 1 million|date=16 November 2011|accessdate=13 December 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.parliament.uk/business/publications/research/briefing-papers/SN05871/youth-unemployment-statistics|title=Youth unemployment statistics: Commons Library Standard Note|date=18 December 2013|accessdate=12 September 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140111075445/http://www.parliament.uk/business/publications/research/briefing-papers/SN05871/youth-unemployment-statistics|archivedate=11 January 2014}}</ref> Ọnụ ọgụgụ dị elu nke enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa na United Kingdom emeela ka ụfọdụ ndị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na ndị na-akọwa mgbasa ozi kwuo maka "ọgbọ furu efu".<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/jane-scott-paul/youth-unemployment-and-th_1_b_1448982.html|title=Jane Scott Paul: Youth Unemployment and the 'Lost Generation'|date=25 April 2012|author=Jane Scott Paul|work=Huffington Post|accessdate=9 June 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160623204326/http://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/jane-scott-paul/youth-unemployment-and-th_1_b_1448982.html|archivedate=23 June 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/politics_show/8103967.stm|title=Youth unemployment|work=BBC|date=17 June 2009|accessdate=12 September 2016|author=Nick Watson|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160920040617/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/politics_show/8103967.stm|archivedate=20 September 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2012/jul/02/lost-generation-will-cost-more|work=The Guardian|first=Polly|author=Toynbee|title=This lost generation will cost us more than the cuts save|date=2 July 2012|accessdate=13 December 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.thesouthernreporter.co.uk/news/lost-generation-fears-as-youth-jobless-rate-reaches-49-per-cent-1-2444377|title='Lost generation' fears as youth jobless rate reaches 49 per cent|work=The Southern Reporter|date=6 August 2012|accessdate=9 June 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160627085612/http://www.thesouthernreporter.co.uk/news/lost-generation-fears-as-youth-jobless-rate-reaches-49-per-cent-1-2444377|archivedate=27 June 2016}}</ref> === United States === Ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị na-enweghị ọrụ na United States amụbaala n'ime afọ 5 gara aga, mana ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị na'enweghị ọrụ na-eto eto arịwo elu ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ pasent 10.<ref name="UNStat"/> N'afọ 2007, tupu ndakpọ akụ na ụba kachasị ọhụrụ amalite, enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa adịlarị na 13%. Ka ọ na-erule n'afọ 2008, ọnụ ọgụgụ a arịgoola ruo 18% ma na 2010 ọ rịgooro n'okpuru 21%.<ref name="ScarredGen"/><ref name="UNStat" /> Ogologo oge ndị ntorobịa na-enweghị ọrụ amụbaala, ọtụtụ ndị ntorobịa nọ na United States na-enweghị onye ọrụ mgbe ihe karịrị otu afọ nke ịchọ ọrụ gasịrị.<ref name="ScarredGen" /> Nke a emeela ka e mepụta ọgbọ nwere akara, dịka a tụlere n'okpuru ebe a. A na-eme atụmatụ na nde mmadụ 9.4 na-eto eto dị afọ 16 ruo 24 na United States (12.3%) anaghị arụ ọrụ ma ọ bụ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ. {{As of|July 2017}} 2017[update] a na-eme atụmatụ nde ndị na-eto eto 20.9 dị afọ 16 ruo 24 na United States (12.3%) na-arụ ọrụ na United States. Ọnụ ọgụgụ enweghị ọrụ maka ndị ntorobịa bụ 9.6% na July, site na pasent 1.9 site na July 2016. Ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị na-enweghị ọrụ n'etiti ndị ntorobịa na United States ka ọ na-erule Julaị 2017, na-egosi na ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị na'enweghị ọrụ maka ụmụ okorobịa (10.1%) na ụmụ nwanyị (9.1%) dị ala karịa oge okpomọkụ gara aga. Ọnụ ọgụgụ July 2017 maka ndị ọcha na-eto eto (8.0%) na ndị ojii (16.2%) belatara n'ime afọ ahụ, ebe ọnụ ọgụgụ maka ndị na-etolite Eshia (9.9%) na ndị Hispanic (10.1%) gosipụtara obere mgbanwe. N'ọnwa Ọgọstụ 2020, enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa dị na 14.7%.<ref>{{Cite journal|date=2016-02-26|title=Youth unemployment rate|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/9789264250529-graph204-en|journal=Competitiveness and Private Sector Development|doi=10.1787/9789264250529-graph204-en|issn=2076-5762}}</ref> == Mmetụta == === Ọgbọ furu efu === A na-akpọ ndị ntorobịa na-enweghị ọrụ "ọgbọ furu efu": ọ bụghị naanị n'ihi mmepụta ihe furu efu kamakwa n'ihi mmetụta ogologo oge na nke na-apụtaghị ìhè enweghị ọrụ nwere na ndị na-eto eto na ezinụlọ ha. A na-ekwu na enweghị ọrụ na-emetụta ego a na-enweta ruo ihe dị ka afọ 20. N'ihi na ha enweghị ike ịzụlite nkà ma ọ bụ ahụmịhe n'ime afọ mbụ ha n'ọrụ, ndị ntorobịa na-enweghị ọrụ na-ahụ mbelata nke ego ha na-enweta mgbe ha jiri ya tụnyere ndị nwere ọrụ siri ike ma ọ bụ ndị na-enweghị ihe ọ bụla dị ka ndị toro eto. Ụgwọ ọrụ dị ala nwere ike ịnọgide ruo afọ 20 na-esote oge enweghị ọrụ tupu onye ahụ amalite ị nweta ego na asọmpi nye ndị ọgbọ ya.<ref name="ScarredGen">{{Cite journal|author=Morsy|first=Hanan|year=2012|title=Scarred Generation|url=http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/fandd/2012/03/morsy.htm|journal=Finance and Development|volume=49|issue=1|accessdate=2 March 2013}}</ref> Enweghị ọrụ zuru ebe nile nke ndị ntorobịa na-eduga n'ọgbọ a na-ewepụghị na ọha mmadụ na nnukwu ihe ize ndụ maka ịda ogbenye. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, Spain hụrụ mmụba nke 18% na enweghị nhata ego.<ref name="ScarredGen" /> The lost generation effect impacts also their families. Youth in many countries now live with their parents into their late twenties.<ref name="Portrait13Countries"/> This contributes to what is called the "full-nest syndrome". In 2008, 46% of 18- to 34-year-olds in the European Union lived with at least one parent; in most countries the stay-at-homes were more likely to be unemployed than those who had moved out. In families, it is common that when one person becomes unemployed, other members of the family begin looking for or securing employment.<ref name="GreatRecession">{{Cite journal|author=Cho|first=Yoonyoung|title=How Did the Great Recession Affect Different Types of Workers? Evidence from 17 Middle-Income Countries|journal=World Development|year=2012|volume=41|pages=31–50|doi=10.1016/j.worlddev.2012.06.003|url=http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/WDSContentServer/WDSP/IB/2011/04/18/000158349_20110418134622/Rendered/PDF/WPS5636.pdf}}</ref> This is called the added worker effect. This can sometimes take the form of employment in the informal sector when necessary.<ref name="GreatRecession" /> Alongside the shift in youth living situations, the impact of returning to live with parents as well as difficulty finding a fulfilling job lead to mental health risks. Being unemployed for a long period of time in youth has been correlated to decreased happiness, job satisfaction and other mental health issues.<ref name="ScarredGen"/> Unemployed youth also report more isolation from their community.<ref name="JordanCommunity"/> Youth who are neither working nor studying do not have the opportunity to learn and improve their skills. They are progressively marginalised from the labour market and in turn can develop an anti-social behaviour. === Ọgba aghara ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na mmụba nke mmefu ego ọha na eze === [[Usòrò:2011_Moroccan_protests_2.jpg|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/2011_Moroccan_protests_2.jpg/220px-2011_Moroccan_protests_2.jpg|thumb|2011 Ngagharị iwe na Morocco]] N'oge na-adịbeghị anya, a na-ekwu na ọganihu nke ọgba aghara ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na omume na-emegide ọha na eze n'ụwa bụ enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa. N'ime afọ 2011 ọ ghọrọ isi ihe na-akwalite ngagharị iwe gburugburu ụwa. N'ime ọnwa iri na abụọ, ọchịchị anọ (Tunisia, Egypt, [[Libya]], Yemen) na Arab World dara n'ihi ngagharị iwe ndị na-eto eto duziri. Ọgba aghara na ngagharị iwe n'otu aka ahụ metụtara ọtụtụ obodo Europe na North America (Spain, France, United Kingdom n'etiti 2008 na 2011 dịka ọmụmaatụ). Enweghị ntinye aka nke ndị na-eto eto na ọha mmadụ ka ukwuu, nke enweghị ọrụ na enweghị ọrụ dị elu gosipụtara, na-agbakwunye mmetụta a nke enweghị ikike. Enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa na-emekwa ka mmefu ọha na eze na-abawanye n'ụzọ dị ịrịba ama n'oge mgbe akụ na ụba na-agba mbọ ịnọgide na-asọmpi na uru mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya na-aba ụba yana ndị agadi. Enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa nwere ụgwọ kpọmkwem dị ka ịbawanye ụgwọ uru, ụtụ isi ụtụ isi furu efu na ikike furu efu. "Na Britain akụkọ sitere na [[London]] School of Economics (LSE), Royal Bank of Scotland na Prince's Trust na-etinye ọnụahịa nke 744,000 ndị na-eto eto na-enweghị ọrụ na mba ahụ na £ 155m ($ 247m) kwa izu na uru na mmepụta ihe efu".<ref name="The jobless young. Left behind">[https://www.economist.com/briefing/2011/09/10/left-behind The jobless young. Left behind], The Economist, 10 September 2011</ref> N'otu aka ahụ, a na-eme atụmatụ na mmefu akụ na ụba sitere na enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa na Europe dị ijeri € 153 ma ọ bụ 1.2% nke GDP na 2011. Enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa nwekwara ụgwọ na-apụtaghị ìhè, gụnyere ịkwaga mba ọzọ. Ndị na-eto eto na-ahapụ mba ha na-enwe olileanya ịchọta ọrụ n'ebe ọzọ. Ọkụ ụbụrụ a emeela ka asọmpi mba na-emebi, ọkachasị na Europe. === Enweghị ihe ọhụrụ === Nsogbu akụ na ụba emeela ka asọmpi zuru ụwa ọnụ belata. "E nwere ihe ize ndụ nke enweghị nkà na nkà ebe ọ bụ na ọtụtụ ndị gụsịrị akwụkwọ na mahadum enweghị ike ịchọta ọrụ na itinye ihe ọmụma na ikike ha n'imepụta ihe ọhụrụ na inye aka na uto akụ na ụba".<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20150216130230/http://www.bridgingeurope.net/consequences-of-high-youth-unemployment.html Consequences of high youth unemployment], Bridging Europe, 27 April 2014</ref> Ihichapụ ndị na-eto eto n'ahịa ọrụ pụtara enweghị echiche dị iche iche, ihe okike na ihe ọhụrụ ha na-enye. Echiche ọhụrụ a dị mkpa maka ndị were mmadụ n'ọrụ iji kwalite atụmatụ ọhụrụ na echiche ọhụrụ. Ya mere, ịlụ ọgụ megide enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa bụ isi ihe iji nọgide na-arụ ọrụ akụ na ụba nke mba. === Mkpọrọ na ọnwụ === Nnyocha e mere n'afọ 2015 gosiri na 'Summer Youth Employment Program' nke New York City belatara ohere ndị sonyere nwere ịga mkpọrọ na ohere nke ịnwụ.<ref>{{Cite journal|title=The Effects Of Youth Employment: Evidence From New York City Lotteries|url=http://qje.oxfordjournals.org/content/early/2016/02/10/qje.qjv034|journal=The Quarterly Journal of Economics|date=26 September 2015|issn=0033-5533|pages=423–460|doi=10.1093/qje/qjv034|language=en|first=Alexander|author=Gelber|volume=131}}</ref> == Ìhè ndị si ná ụgwọ ọrụ kacha nta == Nnyocha akụ na ụba na-egosi na ụgwọ ọrụ kacha nta na-eme ka enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa na ahịa ọrụ asọmpi maka ọrụ ndị ntụrụndụ na-enweghị nkà, nakwa na ntinye na-egbu oge n'ahịa ọrụ (maka ndị ntorobịa enweghị ike inweta ọrụ) na-eduga na mbelata ohere ọzụzụ ma si otú a belata ego ndụ.<ref>{{Cite web|title=What are the effects of minimum wages?|url=https://wol.iza.org/key-topics/minimum-wage|work=IZA - World of Labor|accessdate=25 May 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Youth unemployment|url=https://wol.iza.org/key-topics/youth-unemployment|work=IZA - World of Labor|accessdate=25 May 2021}}</ref><ref name="Kalenkoski">{{Cite journal|author=Charlene Marie Kalenkoski|url=https://wol.iza.org/articles/effects-of-minimum-wages-on-youth-employment-and-income|title=The effects of minimum wages on youth employment and income|journal=IZA World of Labor|date=March 2016|pages=1–10|doi=10.15185/izawol.243}}</ref> Otú ọ dị, nnyocha na-egosikwa na "ịmanye ụgwọ ọrụ kacha nta nwere ike ịbawanye ego ndị ntorobịa na-arụ ọrụ na-enweta ma ọ bụrụ na ewepụghị oge ọrụ ha iji meghachi omume na ụgwọ ọrụ kacha ala" na "ụgwọ ọrụ kacha nta nwekwara ike [[Iba|ịba]] ụba ego ndị ntụrụndụ na-enweta na ma ọ bụrụgodị na uru maka ndị na-arụkọ ọrụ karịrị ihe ndị na-enweghị ike ịchọta ọrụ".<ref name="Kalenkoski" /> Dị ka usoro iwu iji kwado ndị ọrụ na-eto eto na-enweghị nkà, onye na-ahụ maka akụ na ụba Charlene Marie Kalenkoski na-atụ aro na "kama ụgwọ ọrụ kacha nta, ndị na-eme iwu kwesịrị iji ụzọ na-adịchaghị mgbagwoju anya iji kwado ụmụ agbọghọ na-enweghị ikike, dị ka ego ma ọ bụ enyemaka. "<ref name="Kalenkoski" /> == Ihe ngwọta ndị nwere ike ime == === Ọrụ nke iwu ahịa ọrụ na ụlọ ọrụ === [[Usòrò:Job_Advertisement_Board_in_Shenzhen_-01.jpg|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Job_Advertisement_Board_in_Shenzhen_-01.jpg/220px-Job_Advertisement_Board_in_Shenzhen_-01.jpg|thumb|Ụlọ Ọrụ Mgbasa Ozi na Shenzhen -01]] Ọrụ nke iwu ahịa ọrụ na ụlọ ọrụ dịgasị iche site na mba ruo mba. Nke a bụ akụkọ dị mkpirikpi nke atụmatụ ndị dị mkpa e mere n'oge na-adịbeghị anya iji mee ka ndị ntorobịa nwee ike inweta ọrụ. Nke mbụ, a chọrọ nchebe ọrụ dị mma maka ndị ọrụ na-adịgide adịgide na ndị na-adịru nwa oge. Ọ ga-ahụ na ndị na-eto eto na-enweghị ahụmịhe ọrụ nwere ike igosi ikike na nkà ha wee jiri nwayọọ nwayọọ na-aga n'ihu na-arụ ọrụ mgbe niile. Ọ ga-akwalite mmeso nhata n'etiti ndị ọrụ na-adịgide adịgide na ndị na-adịru nwa oge ma nyere aka lụso ọrụ na-abụghị nke onwe ọgụ. Atụmatụ a emeela ka ọtụtụ mkparịta ụka banyere nkwekọrịta na-agbanwe agbanwe a ga-emepụta ma nye ndị ntorobịa. Nke abụọ, mkparịta ụka na-elekwasị anya na ọkwa na mgbasa nke nkwado ego enyere ndị ntorobịa na-enweghị ọrụ.<ref name="OECD Action Plan for Youth">[http://www.oecd.org/employment/action-plan-youth.htm OECD Action Plan for Youth] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150105200851/http://www.oecd.org/employment/action-plan-youth.htm |date=5 January 2015 }}, 2013</ref> Ọ bụ ezie na mba ụfọdụ na-atụle ịmegharị nkwado ha site na enyemaka ego kpọmkwem gaa na ọzụzụ ego, ndị ọzọ na-abawanye nkwado ha na-ejikọta ya na ọrụ siri ike nke ọchụchọ na ọzụzụ. Nke atọ, Gọọmentị na-aga n'ihu na-etinye ndị were mmadụ n'ọrụ na ndị na-enye ọzụzụ iji mepụta ụzọ zuru oke maka enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa ma nye mmemme siri ike na-elekwasị anya na agụmakwụkwọ mgbazi, ahụmịhe ọrụ na ntụziaka ndị okenye.<ref name="mckinsey.com">{{Cite web|url=http://www.mckinsey.com/features/education_to_employment|title=Education to employment: Designing a system that works|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141228233133/http://www.mckinsey.com/features/education_to_employment|archivedate=28 December 2014|author=McKinsey|year=2013}}</ref> Otu Active Labour Market Policy (ALMP) nke ọtụtụ gọọmentị kwusiri ike na mgbalị iji dozie enweghị ọrụ bụ iji nyere ndị na-enweghị ọrụ aka ịghọ ndị na-arụ ọrụ onwe ha. Nnyocha dị iche iche nke Europe egosila nnukwu ihe ịga nke ọma nke mmemme ndị a n'ihe gbasara ịmepụta ọrụ na ọdịmma zuru oke. === TVET na agụmakwụkwọ ọrụ aka === [[Usòrò:TVET_as_a_proportion_of_all_upper_secondary_programmes.svg|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/TVET_as_a_proportion_of_all_upper_secondary_programmes.svg/220px-TVET_as_a_proportion_of_all_upper_secondary_programmes.svg.png|thumb|TVET dị ka pasent nke mmemme sekọndrị niile]] E meela ikpe ahụ n'ime afọ ole na ole gara aga na mkpa ọ dị inye ndị ntorobịa ọzụzụ teknụzụ iji kwadebe ha kpọmkwem maka ọrụ. TVET na agụmakwụkwọ ọrụ aka ga-enyere aka idozi nsogbu nkà. Mba ụfọdụ gụnyere [[Switzerland]], [[Netherlands]], Singapore, [[Austria]], [[Norway]] na Germany enweela ihe ịga nke ọma n'ịzụlite agụmakwụkwọ ọrụ aka ma belata enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa ruo ọkara nke OECD.<ref name="mckinsey.com"/> A na-ekwukarị ihe kpatara atọ maka ihe mere agụmakwụkwọ ọrụ aka ji bụrụ akụkụ nke mmemme ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị iji lụso enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa ọgụ: * Nke mbụ, nyocha ikpe na-egosi na mmemme ọzụzụ ọrụ aka siri ike na-ebelata enweghị ọrụ ma na-amụba ụgwọ ọrụ. Ọtụtụ ọmụmụ mba egosila njikọ dị n'etiti mmezu nke agụmakwụkwọ ọrụ aka na mbelata ohere nke enweghị ọrụ na ego dị elu.<ref>CEDEFOP, The benefits of vocational education and training, 2011; OECD Review of Vocational Education and Training – Learning for Jobs, 2011; CEDEFOP, Vocational Education and Training, Key to the Future, 2010.</ref> Na mba ebe ndebanye aha na agụmakwụkwọ ọrụ aka na ụlọ ọrụ na-erughị 15%, ohere ndị na-eto eto ga-enweghị ọrụ bụ okpukpu abụọ karịa nke mba ebe ndebe aha karịrị 15%.<ref name="OECD, Employment Outlook, 2011">{{Cite web|url=http://www.oecd.org/employment/emp/oecdemploymentoutlook.htm|title=OECD, Employment Outlook, 2011|accessdate=17 December 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150102084557/http://www.oecd.org/employment/emp/oecdemploymentoutlook.htm|archivedate=2 January 2015}}</ref> * Nke abụọ, agụmakwụkwọ ọrụ aka na-eme ka ndị were mmadụ n'ọrụ na-arụpụta ihe. Ọtụtụ ọmụmụ gafee mba achọpụtala na itinye ego dị elu na ọzụzụ ọrụ aka na-ejikọta ya na mmụba nke mmepụta ihe.<ref name="OECD, Employment Outlook, 2011" /> * Nke atọ, agụmakwụkwọ ọrụ aka nwere uru dị ukwuu na mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya: agụmakwụkwọ aka ejikọtara na ọmụmụ ihe iji meziwanye nha nhata ego, itinye aka na mmekọrịta mmadụ n'otu, ọnụ ọgụgụ mpụ dị ala, na ahụike na ahụike ka mma.<ref>CEDEFOP, The benefits of vocational education and training, 2011</ref> Ruo n'ókè agụmakwụkwọ ọrụ aka na-ebelata enweghị ọrụ, ọ na-ewetakwa uru mmekọrịta ọha na eze sara mbara metụtara ọrụ dị elu. A chọpụtakwala nkà ntọala dị ka isi ihe maka mgbanwe na-aga nke ọma na ọrụ. "N'ime mba OECD, nsonaazụ PISA na-egosi na ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ otu n'ime ụmụ akwụkwọ ise anaghị eru ọkwa kachasị mma iji rụọ ọrụ na ọha mmadụ taa". Na nkezi, pasent 20 nke ndị na-eto eto na-ahapụ tupu ha agwụcha ọkwa agụmakwụkwọ sekọndrị dị elu.<ref name="OECD Action Plan for Youth" /> Mmụta ọrụ aka na-ezube ịkụzi nkà ntọala, yana inye nhọrọ ọzọ maka ụzọ agụmakwụkwọ n'ozuzu ya na ọzụzụ ọrụ bara uru. Ọtụtụ mba gburugburu ụwa na-enye mmemme iji melite nkà ndị ntorobịa na ọrụ. Otu n'ime ha bụ [[Turkéy|Turkey]], nke lekwasịrị anya n'ịzụ ụmụ akwụkwọ na nkà nke ga-enyere ha aka na-azụ ahịa nke onwe ha, yana ọchụnta ego. [[Obodoézè Nà Ofú|United Kingdom]] na [[Ostraliya|Australia]] agbalịwo imeziwanye mmụta. N'ezie, a na-eji ndị a enye ọzụzụ maka ndị ntorobịa na ọrụ ndị na-abụghị omenala. Nzọụkwụ maka ndị ntorobịa na ọrụ lekwasịrị anya n'ịme ka mgbanwe site n'ụlọ akwụkwọ ma ọ bụ ọzụzụ gaa n'ọrụ na ọrụ, dịka ọmụmaatụ ozi ọrụ, ndụmọdụ na ọrụ nduzi.<ref name=":12">{{Cite book|url=http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0023/002330/233030e.pdf|title=Unleashing the Potential: Transforming Technical and Vocational Education and Training|author=Marope|first=P.T.M|publisher=UNESCO|year=2015|isbn=978-92-3-100091-1|pages=74|accessdate=5 April 2017}}</ref>  === Ịkụzi nkà nke narị afọ nke 21 === Usoro agụmakwụkwọ na-arụ ọrụ dị mkpa na arụmụka banyere nsogbu ahịa ọrụ ndị ntorobịa. Ihe doro anya bụ na ọ dị mkpa inwe mgbanwe dị ukwuu n'ihe anyị na-akụzi na n'ụzọ anyị na-akụziri. Otu ụzọ a ma ama nke ndị nkụzi dị iche iche na-ewere bụ ịgbanwe nkuzi site na nkuzi na-elekwasị anya na ihe ọmụma gaa na nkuzi-elekwasịwasị anya na nkà.<ref>Charles Fadel. 21st Century Skills: Learning for Life in Our Times (2009). Wiley</ref> "Iji mee ka mgbanwe ahụ pụta ìhè site na ọdịnaya na usoro mmụta dị mma nke ọdịnaya na nkà, ndị na-enye agụmakwụkwọ kwesịrị ime ka ọ bụrụ ebumnuche ha ịmepụta usoro nkà nduzi nke na-enye ndị nkuzi na ndị prọfesọ ohere ịhụ ụdị nkà na ọdịnaya ha kwesịrị inye ụmụ akwụkwọ ha. ''Ụlọ akwụkwọ agụmakwụkwọ niile kwesịrị ịrụ ọrụ iji nabata ma ọ bụ mepụta usoro nkà kwesịrị ekwesị nke kwekọrọ na ahịa ọrụ, nke na-agbanwe agbanwe maka ndị nkụzi iji gbanwee isiokwu ma ọ bụ ọkwa ha. Ọzọkwa, usoro a kwesịrị ịrụ ọrụ dị ka akwụkwọ dị ndụ nke ụlọ akwụkwọ na mahadum nwere ike ịgbanwe iji kwekọọ na obodo ha ma ọ bụ iji kwado mgbanwe na ahịa.''" === Ịchụnta ego === [[Usòrò:Media_Entrepreneurship_Definition.jpg|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Media_Entrepreneurship_Definition.jpg/220px-Media_Entrepreneurship_Definition.jpg|thumb|Nkọwa nke Mgbasa Ozi]] Mgbe ị na-eburu n'uche mkpa ọ dị ịkwalite asọmpi site na ihe ọhụrụ na ihe okike, ọmụmụ ndị na-adịbeghị anya akwadowo maka ọchụnta ego dị ka ihe ngwọta dị irè maka enweghị ọrụ ndị ntorobịa.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ey.com/Publication/vwLUAssets/EY-Avoiding-a-lost-generation/$FILE/EY-G20-youth-unemployment.pdf|title=Avoiding a lost generation|publisher=Ernst and Young|year=2014|accessdate=17 December 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150131070152/http://www.ey.com/Publication/vwLUAssets/EY-Avoiding-a-lost-generation/$FILE/EY-G20-youth-unemployment.pdf|archivedate=31 January 2015}}</ref> Site na nhazi ziri ezi na usoro nchịkwa dị mfe, ndị na-eto eto nwere ike ịmepụta ụlọ ọrụ dị ka ụzọ ịchọta ma mepụta ọrụ ọhụrụ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/16e3ee1e-ecc6-11e4-a81a-00144feab7de,Authorised=false.html?_i_location=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ft.com%2Fcms%2Fs%2F0%2F16e3ee1e-ecc6-11e4-a81a-00144feab7de.html%3Fsiteedition%3Dintl&siteedition=intl&_i_referer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.ch%2F|title=Review: Generation Jobless? By Peter Vogel|work=Financial Times|year=2015|first=Emma|author=Jacobs}}</ref> Dị ka OECD si kwuo, obere ụlọ ọrụ na ụlọ ọrụ ndị dị n'etiti bụ ndị isi na-ewe mmadụ n'ọrụ taa na 33% nke ọrụ ndị e mepụtara n'ime afọ iri gara aga. Ọ na-egosi na nnukwu ụlọ ọrụ anaghịzi anọchite anya isi ihe na-eweta ọrụ nakwa na ọ dị mkpa ịkwadebe ndị na-eto eto maka ọdịbendị ọchụnta ego. A na-elekarị nhọrọ a anya dị ka ụzọ isi nye ndị na-eto eto ike iwere ọdịnihu ha n'aka ha: ọ pụtara itinye ego n'ịkụziri ha nkà idu ndú na njikwa ha chọrọ iji bụrụ ndị na-emepụta ihe na ndị ọchụnta ego.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/amyrosen/2013/11/18/the-entrepreneurship-answer-to-youth-unemployment/2/%20|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131123224150/http://www.forbes.com/sites/amyrosen/2013/11/18/the-entrepreneurship-answer-to-youth-unemployment/2/|archivedate=23 November 2013|title=The entrepreneurship answer to youth unemployment|work=Forbes|date=18 November 2013|author=Rosen|first=Amy}}</ref> Nkà ndị a gụnyekwara: nkwurịta okwu, ịrụkọ ọrụ ọnụ, mkpebi, nkà nhazi na obi ike onwe onye. Ihe ngwọta a na-ejikọta ya na ahịa ọrụ na ụkpụrụ dịka a ka ga-eme ọtụtụ mgbanwe iji hụ na ahịa ahụ na-agbanwe agbanwe iji kpalie ndị na-eto eto ịmepụta ụlọ ọrụ. Ụtụ isi na nkwalite azụmaahịa bụ isi iji kwado ndị ọchụnta ego na-eto eto n'ịmepụta na ịbawanye azụmaahịa ha.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/ey/2014/09/05/10-recommendations-to-help-reduce-youth-unemployment-through-entrepreneurship/|title=10 recommendations to help reduce youth unemployment through entrepreneurship|work=Forbes|date=5 September 2014|first=Maria|author=Pinelli|accessdate=19 September 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180302045342/https://www.forbes.com/sites/ey/2014/09/05/10-recommendations-to-help-reduce-youth-unemployment-through-entrepreneurship/|archivedate=2 March 2018}}</ref> Nnyocha usoro nyochara ihe akaebe banyere ịdị irè nke ụdị ntinye aka dị iche iche iji melite nsonaazụ ahịa ọrụ nke ndị ntorobịa.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Kluve|first=Jochen|title=Interventions to improve the labour market outcomes of youth: A systematic review of training, entrepreneurship promotion, employment services and subsidized employment interventions|journal=Campbell Systematic Reviews|date=4 December 2017|volume=13|issue=1|pages=1–288|doi=10.4073/csr.2017.12}}</ref> Ihe akaebe na-egosi na ntinye aka n'ọrụ ndị ntorobịa n'ozuzu ya na-eme ka ọrụ na ego a na-enweta na-abawanye, mana mmetụta dị obere ma na-agbanwe agbanwe. Nnyocha a chọpụtara na ntinye aka maka nkwalite ọchụnta ego na ọzụzụ nkà na-egosi ihe dị mma, na ụfọdụ ọnụ ọgụgụ dị ịrịba ama, mmetụta, ebe mmemme na-enye ọrụ ọrụ na ọrụ enyemaka na-egosi mmetụta na-enweghị isi. Ịrụ ọrụ na-adabere n'akụkụ ndị gbara ya gburugburu gụnyere mba, imewe mmemme, na njirimara nke ndị nnata. === Enyemaka maka ndị ntorobịa na mgbanwe gaa n'ụwa ọrụ === Ọtụtụ nnyocha egosiwo na anaghị enye ndị na-eto eto ndụmọdụ zuru oke banyere ohere metụtara ọrụ, nkà dị mkpa na ụzọ ọrụ. Tupu ha ahapụ agụmakwụkwọ, o yiri ka ọ dị oke mkpa na ha nwere ike ịnweta ozi a iji kwadebe nke ọma maka ihe ha ga-atụ anya na ihe a na-atụ anya ya. Ezigbo nduzi ọrụ yana atụmanya ahịa ọrụ kwesịrị inyere ndị na-eto eto aka ịhọrọ ọrụ ka mma. Ụfọdụ ndị na-eto eto na-ahọrọ ịmụ ubi nke na-eweta ohere ole na ole maka ọrụ n'ọdịnihu. Gọọmentị, ndị were mmadụ n'ọrụ na ndị na-enye ọzụzụ kwesịrị ịrụkọ ọrụ ọnụ iji nye ndị ntorobịa ụzọ doro anya. N'otu aka ahụ, a ga-emepụta mmemme iji mee ka ndị na-eto eto banye n'ụwa ọrụ. N'ebe a, agụmakwụkwọ ọrụ aka na usoro mmụta egosila na omume na ọzụzụ n'ọrụ nwere ike inwe mmetụta dị mma.<ref name="mckinsey.com"/> == Hụkwa == == Njikọ mpụga == == Ebemsidee == <references responsive="1"></references> c7b9gyoydvm0dwvjfjijq74fl36tj0e 0 20565 644576 165793 2026-05-31T08:20:18Z ~2026-32314-82 62081 Fixed reference errors 644576 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}   '''Sydney Egere''', (amụrụ na 26 Jenụwarị, 1995), nke a maara dị ka Sydney Talker, bụ onye mgbasa ozi Naijiria, onye na-eme ihe ọchị, onye na'eme ihe nkiri na '''onye''' na-emepụta ihe nkiri. Ọ bụ onye guzobere na onye isi oche nke Neville Records, ma họpụta ya maka 25 Under 25 Award nke [[SME100 Africa]] haziri.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web|author=|first=|date=2022-01-20|title=Sydney Talker launches Neville Records, announces first act, Khaid|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/music/sydney-talker-launches-neville-records-announces-first-act-khaid/nzfgww7|accessdate=2022-09-22|work=Pulse Nigeria|language=en}}</ref><ref name=":1" />date=2020-08-28|title=Kiki Osinbajo, Taaooma, Kumi Juba, Captain E, Sydney Talker Others nominated for Nigeria’s 25 under 25 Awards.|url=https://ynaija.com/kiki-osinbajo-taaooma-kumi-juba-captain-e-sydney-talker-others-nominated-for-nigerias-25-under-25-awards/|accessdate=2022-09-23|work=YNaij == Mbido Ndụ na Agụmakwụkwọ == A mụrụ ya na [[Ȯra Edo|Edo]] State, Naijiria ma bụrụkwa otu nne zụlitere ya. Sydney Talker gụrụ akwụkwọ praịmarị na sekọndrị na [[Benin City|Benin]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|author=|first=|date=2022-04-27|title=Sydney Talker’s biography: age, state of origin, net worth|url=https://www.legit.ng/ask-legit/biographies/1466703-sydney-talkers-biography-age-state-origin-net-worth/|accessdate=2022-09-22|work=Legit.ng - Nigeria news.|language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://www.legit.ng/ask-legit/biographies/1466703-sydney-talkers-biography-age-state-origin-net-worth/ "Sydney Talker's biography: age, state of origin, net worth"]. ''Legit.ng - Nigeria news''. 2022-04-27<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-09-22</span></span>.</cite></ref> Ọ gara n'ihu nweta nzere bachelọ na sayensị kọmputa na Mahadum Benin.<ref name=":0" /> == Ọrụ ya == Ọrụ Sydney Talker malitere na afọ 2016. Ọ malitere site n'ịmepụta ma wepụtaba ihe ọchị na mgbasa ozi mmekọrịta ya, ọkachasị Instagram. Ihe nkiri ya na-atọ ọchị 'The Poor Power Supply' bụ ihe mere ka ọ bụrụ onye ama ama na 2016.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|author=|first=|date=2022-04-27|title=Sydney Talker’s biography: age, state of origin, net worth|url=https://www.legit.ng/ask-legit/biographies/1466703-sydney-talkers-biography-age-state-origin-net-worth/|accessdate=2022-09-22|work=Legit.ng - Nigeria news.|language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://www.legit.ng/ask-legit/biographies/1466703-sydney-talkers-biography-age-state-origin-net-worth/ "Sydney Talker's biography: age, state of origin, net worth"]. ''Legit.ng - Nigeria news''. 2022-04-27<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-09-22</span></span>.</cite></ref> A họpụtara ya na mbipụta 2020 nke 25 Under [[SME100 Africa|25]] Awards nke [[SME100 Africa]] haziri.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|date=2020-08-28|title=Kiki Osinbajo, Taaooma, Kumi Juba, Captain E, Sydney Talker Others nominated for Nigeria’s 25 under 25 Awards.|url=https://ynaija.com/kiki-osinbajo-taaooma-kumi-juba-captain-e-sydney-talker-others-nominated-for-nigerias-25-under-25-awards/|accessdate=2022-09-23|work=YNaija|language=en-GB}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://ynaija.com/kiki-osinbajo-taaooma-kumi-juba-captain-e-sydney-talker-others-nominated-for-nigerias-25-under-25-awards/ "Kiki Osinbajo, Taaooma, Kumi Juba, Captain E, Sydney Talker Others nominated for Nigeria's 25 under 25 Awards"]. ''YNaija''. 2020-08-28<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-09-23</span></span>.</cite></ref> Sydney emeela ọtụtụ ihe nkiri Nollywood, ya na-akwụazi ndị na-eme ihe nkiri Nollywood amara aha ha.<ref>{{Cite web|title=A Nollywood High School Musical Film is Coming! Watch the Trailer for "Loud"|url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2020/11/krystal-filmworks-loud-trailer/|accessdate=2022-09-23|work=www.bellanaija.com|language=en-US}}</ref> Na Jenụwarị n'afọ 2022, Sydney Talker kwupụtara mmalite nke akara ndekọ ya, 'Neville Records' n'ihe edemede nke Instagram.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2022-01-20|title=Sydney Talker launches Neville Records, announces first act, Khaid|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/music/sydney-talker-launches-neville-records-announces-first-act-khaid/nzfgww7|accessdate=2022-09-23|work=Pulse Nigeria|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2022-01-21|title=Comedian Sydney Talker launches record label The Nation Newspaper|url=https://thenationonlineng.net/comedian-sydney-talker-launches-record-label/|accessdate=2022-09-23|language=en-US}}</ref> O kpughekwara mbinye aka mbụ ya n'otu ụbọchị ahụ.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Comedian Sydney Talker launches record label - P.M. News|url=https://pmnewsnigeria.com/2022/01/20/comedian-sydney-talker-launches-record-label/|accessdate=2022-09-23|language=en-US}}</ref> == Ihe nkiri ya == {| class="wikitable" |+ !Afọ !Aha ya !Onye nduzi !Ihe Rịba ama |- |2020 |Ọdịnihu nke Alakada |Kayode Kasum |Ndị na-eme [[Odunlade Adekola]], Mercy [[Mercy Eke|Eke]], Alex Asogwa, Timini Egbuson, [[Davido]], Peruzzi, [[Toyin Abraham]], [[Broda Shaggi]], MC Lively |- |2020 |Olu: Live Out Ur Dream |Umanu Ịlaịja |Ndị na-eme ihe nkiri bụ [[Wale Ojo|Wale]] Ojo, Timini Egbuson, [[Sophie Alakija]], [[Jide Kosoko]], [[Bolanle Ninalowo]] |- |2021 |Akụkụ nke ya<ref>[https://m.imdb.com/title/tt15907338/ Nucleus (2021) - IMDb]</ref> |Alex Asogwa |Onye na-eme ihe nkiri bụ [[Ngọzi Nwosu|Ngozi Nwosu]], Ojiaku Chiamaka |- |2022 |Obara'M |Kayode Kasum |Ndị na-eme ihe nkiri bụ [[Nkem Owoh]], [[Bolanle Ninalowo]], [[Nancy Isime]], [[Deyemi Okanlawon]], [[Onyeka Onwenu]] |} == Nkatọ == A katọrọ Sydney Talker na mgbasa ozi mmekọrịta maka nkwekọrịta ya na onye na-eme ihe nkiri ibe ya, Carter Efe iji kwuo na ọ bụ ya nwe egwu Berri Tiga site n'ịgbalị ịkwụ ya ụgwọ.<ref>{{Cite web|author=|first=|date=2022-09-16|title=Machala: "Is it for Suya?" Knocks as singer says he was offered N100k as payoff|url=https://www.legit.ng/entertainment/celebrities/1492467-n100k-what-outrage-berri-tiga-claims-carter-efe-sydney-talker-offered-pay-machala/|accessdate=2022-09-22|work=Legit.ng - Nigeria news.|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2022-09-16|title=Machala: Carter Efe, Berri Tiga clash over song rights|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/music/554488-machala-carter-efe-berri-tiga-clash-over-song-rights.html|accessdate=2022-09-22|work=Premium Times Nigeria|language=en-GB}}</ref> == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == Sydney Talker at IMDb [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] j68qcxkpakighot5du5s016ylbot9ap 0 20578 644278 176491 2026-05-30T20:17:43Z Wikipedian12512(alt) 61413 ce 644278 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Usòrò:Nigerian Public Domain Files 06.jpg|thumb|Shettima Ali Monguno]] '''Shettima Ali Monguno''', CFR (1926 ruo 8 Julaị 2016) bụ onye nkuzi na onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Naijiria, amụrụ na 1926 na [[Ȯra Borno|steeti]] Monguno-Borno. Ọ gara ụlọ akwụkwọ praịmarị Monguno, Teacherīs College [[Bauchi]] na [[Katsina]], kọleji nka, sayensị na teknụzụ Zaria, kọlejin agụmakwụkwọ Moray House na Mahadum Edinburgh.<ref name="CP">{{Cite web|title=5 facts you should know about acting NSA, Babagana Monguno|url=http://citypeople.com.ng/i/5-facts-you-should-know-about-acting-nsa-babagana-monguno/|work=City People|accessdate=13 July 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150714003902/http://citypeople.com.ng/i/5-facts-you-should-know-about-acting-nsa-babagana-monguno/|archivedate=14 July 2015}}</ref> Ọ bụ M.P. na 1959, odeakwụkwọ agụmakwụkwọ na onye ndụmọdụ maka agụmakwụkwọ, ọrụ na ọdịmma ọha na eze Borno, Gọọmentị ime obodo 1959 ruo 65. Minista gọọmentị etiti maka Air Force na ihe ndị dị n'ime ụlọ 1965 ruo 66, kọmishọna gọọmentị gọọmentị maka azụmahịa na ụlọ ọrụ 1967 ruo 71 minista na-egwupụta ihe na ike, mmanụ na ike 1972 ruo 75.<ref>{{Cite news|title=OPEC Postpones Meeting In Tripoli on Oil Accord|url=https://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=FA0E16FB38551A7493C6A9178ED85F478785F9|accessdate=5 February 2011|work=[[New York Times]]|date=4 May 1973|quote=he announcement was made by Shettima Ali Monguno, OPEC president and Nigeria's commissioner for mines and power.}}</ref> Shettima Ali Monguno bụkwa onye isi ala, OPEC, 1972/1973. Ọ bụ onye na-azọ ọkwa onye isi ala n'oge ntuli aka A4 na mbido afọ 1990 na Naịjirịa. Ọ bụ onye ndú nke ndị nnọchi anya Naijiria na UNCAD II New Delhi na 1968 na [[Naijiria|onye]] otu ndị nnọchianya Naijiria gara United Nations ihe karịrị afọ iri. Ọ natara mkpịsị ugodi nke obodo New York City, Louisville, Kentucky, USA; Quito, Ecuador; na Lima, Peru. Ọ nwụrụ na Maiduguri na 8 Julaị 2016.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/top-news/206595-former-nigeria-minister-petroleum-shettima-ali-monguno-dies-95.html|title=Former Nigeria Minister of Petroleum, Shettima Ali Monguno, dies at 95 - Premium Times Nigeria|date=9 July 2016|work=premiumtimesng.com|accessdate=27 November 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160710150439/http://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/top-news/206595-former-nigeria-minister-petroleum-shettima-ali-monguno-dies-95.html|archivedate=10 July 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.vanguardngr.com/2016/07/elderstatesman-shettima-ali-monguno-dies-aged-90/|title=Elderstatesman, Shettima Ali Monguno, dies aged 90 - Vanguard News|date=9 July 2016|work=vanguardngr.com|accessdate=27 November 2016}}</ref> == Ihe ndị ọ rụzuru == * Onye isi oche [[Maiduguri]] Metropolitan Council 1977 ruo 78. * Nzukọ Ndị Omeiwu 1977 ruo 78 * Onye isi oche nke OPEC 1972 ruo 73 * Pro-chancellor Mahadum nke Calabar 1978 ruo 80 * Pro-chancellor [[University of Nigeria|Mahadum nke]] Nigeria 1980 ruo 84 * Nsọpụrụ mba Alaeze Ukwu Etiopia, [[Egypt|Republic]] of Egypt, Sudan na Cameroon 1970 * Trustee Girl Guides Association of Nigeria 1970 ruo 90 * Onye isi oche nke National Party of Nigeria Disemba 1980 ruo 84 * Onye isi nke Order of the Federal Republic CFR 1982 * Onye nduzi Nigbel Bank Nigeria ltd 1988 * Onye isi oche Borno Education Endowment Fund 1986 * Hon. Okporo ụzọ Marshall * Hon. Nwa amaala nke Oklahoma State, USA * D.F. nke WAEC Council Award 2003 == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} 1y4ucxwwx88ern6koy85qivoz5x9wyq 0 20926 643970 99381 2026-05-30T12:37:06Z Chiziqa 13055 Fixed reference error 643970 wikitext text/x-wiki     {| class="infobox vevent" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-above above" style="font-size:125%; color: black; background-color: #ffddaa;" |Tupuri |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;" |Native&nbsp;to | class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;" |[[Chad]], [[Cameroon]] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;" |Ethnicity | class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;" |[[Tupuri people]] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;" |<div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Native speakers</div> | class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;" |230,000&nbsp;(2005–2006)<ref name="e18">[https://www.ethnologue.com/18/language/tui/ Tupuri] at ''[[Ethnologue]]'' (18th ed., 2015) <span style="font-size:0.95em; font-size:95%; color:#555">(subscription required)</span></ref> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;" |<div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><span class="wrap">[[Language family]]</span></div> | class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;" |<div style="text-align:left;">[[Niger–Congo languages|Niger–Congo]]? *[[Atlantic–Congo languages|Atlantic–Congo]] ** [[Mbum–Day languages|Mbum–Day]] *** [[Mbum languages|Mbum]] **** Northern Mbum ***** Tupuri–Mambai ****** '''Tupuri''' </div> |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: black; background-color: #ffddaa;" |Language codes |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;" |<span class="nowrap">[[ISO 639-3]]</span> | class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;" |<code>[[iso639-3:tui|tui]]</code> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;" |''[[Glottolog]]'' | class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;" |<code>[http://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/tupu1244 tupu1244]</code> |} Tupuri (mà ọ bụ '''Toupouri''') bụ asụsụ á na-asụkarị ná mpaghara Mayo-Kebbi Est nkè ndịda [[Chad]] ná obere akụkụ nkè ùgwù [[Kameroon|Cameroon]]. Ọ bụ asụsụ Mbum nkè ndị Tupuri na-asụ ná ìhè dịka ndị 300,000 na-asụrụ. Joseph Greenberg kewara Tupuri dị ka asụsụ Chadic n'ụzọ na-ezighi ezi, n'ihi ndepụta ókwú nke bụ n'ezie nkè Kera (cf. K. Ebert 1974).<ref name="ALCAM2012" /> == Nkesa == Á na-asụkarị Tupuri n'akụkụ ndịda ọwụwa anyanwụ nkè àlà dị larịị nkè Moulvouday, na:<ref name="ALCAM2012">{{Cite book|editor=Binam Bikoi|date=2012|title=Atlas linguistique du Cameroun (ALCAM)|language=fr|location=Yaoundé|publisher=CERDOTOLA|series=Atlas linguistique de l'Afrique centrale (ALAC)|isbn=9789956796069}}<cite class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFBinam_Bikoi2012">Binam Bikoi, Charles, ed. (2012). ''Atlas linguistique du Cameroun (ALCAM)'' &#x5B;''Linguistic Atlas of Cameroon''&#x5D;. Atlas linguistique de l'Afrique centrale (ALAC) (in French). Vol.&nbsp;1: Inventaire des langues. Yaoundé: CERDOTOLA. [[ISBN (onye njirimara)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/9789956796069|<bdi>9789956796069</bdi>]].</cite> [[Category:CS1: long volume value]] [[Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)]]</ref> * Kaélé, Porhi, obodo nta Taibong ná ọbọdọ Moulvouday * Ọbọdọ Guidigis, ná ngalaba Mayo-Kani * Kar-Hay, Kalfou, Datcheka, ọbọdọ Tchatibali ná ngalaba Mayo-Danay Ndị Viri mà ọ bụ Wina bụ agbụrụ Tupuri, mànà taa há na-asụ asụsụ [[Massa language|Massa]].<ref name="ALCAM2012">{{Cite book|editor=Binam Bikoi|date=2012|title=Atlas linguistique du Cameroun (ALCAM)|language=fr|location=Yaoundé|publisher=CERDOTOLA|series=Atlas linguistique de l'Afrique centrale (ALAC)|isbn=9789956796069}}<cite class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFBinam_Bikoi2012">Binam Bikoi, Charles, ed. (2012). ''Atlas linguistique du Cameroun (ALCAM)'' &#x5B;''Linguistic Atlas of Cameroon''&#x5D;. Atlas linguistique de l'Afrique centrale (ALAC) (in French). Vol.&nbsp;1: Inventaire des langues. Yaoundé: CERDOTOLA. [[ISBN (onye njirimara)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/9789956796069|<bdi>9789956796069</bdi>]].</cite> [[Category:CS1: long volume value]] [[Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)]]</ref> Á na-asụkwa Tupuri ná Chad. Ná Cameroon, ọ nwere ìhè dị kà ndị ọkà ókwú 125,000 (SIL 2000).<ref name="ALCAM2012">{{Cite book|editor=Binam Bikoi|date=2012|title=Atlas linguistique du Cameroun (ALCAM)|language=fr|location=Yaoundé|publisher=CERDOTOLA|series=Atlas linguistique de l'Afrique centrale (ALAC)|isbn=9789956796069}}<cite class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFBinam_Bikoi2012">Binam Bikoi, Charles, ed. (2012). ''Atlas linguistique du Cameroun (ALCAM)'' &#x5B;''Linguistic Atlas of Cameroon''&#x5D;. Atlas linguistique de l'Afrique centrale (ALAC) (in French). Vol.&nbsp;1: Inventaire des langues. Yaoundé: CERDOTOLA. [[ISBN (onye njirimara)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/9789956796069|<bdi>9789956796069</bdi>]].</cite> [[Category:CS1: long volume value]] [[Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)]]</ref> == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} oz6okeybygzbcfx5pqsn3g2h1ilz5x6 0 21018 644043 114418 2026-05-30T14:19:28Z Mirah50 16972 Fixed reference errors 644043 wikitext text/x-wiki Tamil bụ asụsụ Dravidian nke ndị '''Tamil''' nke mpaghara India na-asụ.{{Audio|Ta-தமிழ்.oga|pronunciation}} Tamil bụ [[Asụsụ obodo|asụsụ gọọmentị]] nke steeti India nke Tamil Nadu, mba ndị nwe [[Ndia|onwe]] ha nke Sri Lanka na Singapore, na mpaghara India nke Puducherry. Ndị ka nta na steeti anọ ndị ọzọ dị na South India nke Kerala, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh na Telangana na-asụkwa Tamil, na mpaghara njikọ nke Andaman na Nicobar Islands. Ọ bụkwa ndị Tamil diaspora na-asụ ya na mpaghara ndịda ọwụwa anyanwụ Eshia, [[Eluàlà|Africa]], Western Europe, Northern North America, Middle East, na Oceania. Ndị Sri Lankan Moors na-asụkwa Tamil. Otu n'ime asụsụ iri abụọ na abụọ a haziri na Iwu India, Tamil bụ nke mbụ a ga-ahazi dị ka asụsụ oge ochie nke India. Tamil bụ otu n'ime asụsụ oge ochie kachasị ogologo n'ụwa.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Tamil to be a classical language|url=https://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tamil-to-be-a-classical-language/article27670864.ece|work=[[The Hindu]]|date=18 September 2004|accessdate=14 December 2020}}</ref><ref name="Circulation and the Historical Geog">{{citation |last=Stein |first=B. |title=Circulation and the Historical Geography of Tamil Country |journal=The Journal of Asian Studies |volume=37 |issue=1 |year=1977 |pages=7–26 |jstor=2053325 |doi=10.2307/2053325|s2cid=144599197 }}. "Tamil is one of the two longest-surviving classical languages in India" (p. 7).</ref> A. K. Ramanujan kọwara ya dị ka "naanị asụsụ nke India nke oge a nke a na-ahụ anya na-aga n'ihu na oge ochie". Ụdị dị iche iche na ogo nke akwụkwọ Tamil oge ochie emeela ka a kọwaa ya dị ka "otu n'ime nnukwu ọdịnala na akwụkwọ ọdịnala nke ụwa". E dekọrọ akwụkwọ Tamil edere ihe karịrị afọ 2000. Oge mbụ nke akwụkwọ Tamil, akwụkwọ Sangam, sitere na c. 300 BC ruo AD 300.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20100707000020/http://www.ciil-classicaltamil.org/project1.html Definitive Editions of Ancient Tamil Works]. </ref> O nwere akwụkwọ kachasị ochie dị n'etiti asụsụ Dravidian. Ihe ndekọ epigraphic mbụ a hụrụ na iwu nkume na 'nkume dike' sitere na narị afọ nke atọ BC. Ihe dị ka 60,000 n'ime 100,000 ihe odide dị iche iche nke Archaeological Survey of India chọtara na India dị na Tamil Nadu. N'ime ha, ọtụtụ n'ime ha bụ na Tamil, naanị ihe dị ka pasent 5 n'asụsụ ndị ọzọ. A chọpụtakwala ihe odide asụsụ Tamil e dere na Brahmi na Sri Lanka na ngwaahịa azụmahịa na Thailand na Egypt. Ihe odide abụọ mbụ sitere na India, nke UNESCO Memory of the World debanyere aha na 1997 na 2005, edere na Tamil. Onye ikwu Tamil bụ Malayalam; ha abụọ malitere ịpụ iche na narị afọ nke itoolu AD. Ọ bụ ezie na ọtụtụ n'ime ọ ndịiche dị n'etiti Tamil na Malayalam na-egosipụta nkewa tupu akwụkwọ ihe mere eme ke ọdịda anyanwụ, usoro nkewa n'ime asụsụ dị iche, Malayalam, emechabeghị ruo mgbe ụfọdụ na narị afọ nke 13 ma ọ bụ nke 14. sh2fnofhzh1sjltzvccz5ds0zdcs9t5 0 21069 644204 98951 2026-05-30T19:33:30Z Wikipedian12512(alt) 61413 ce 644204 wikitext text/x-wiki  Bon Gula, ma ọ bụ Bon, bụ asụsụ Adamawa nke Chad == Ntuaka == {{Reflist}}{{Adamawa languages}} pwwm1d34q51v6wgv8968jtmyszqunl0 0 21396 644324 100200 2026-05-30T21:28:33Z Nachi kim 20090 Fixed reference error 644324 wikitext text/x-wiki Teshome H. Gabriel (September 24, 1939 , June 14, 2010) bụ [[Ethiopia|onye]] ọkà mmụta ihe nkiri America a mụrụ n'Etiopia na prọfesọ na UCLA School of Theater, Film and Television na Los Angeles. A na-ewere Gabriel dị ka ọkachamara na ihe nkiri na ihe nkiri nke Africa na mba ndị na-emepe emepe.<ref name="latimes">{{Cite news|first=Dennis|author=McClellan|title=Teshome H. Gabriel dies at 70; UCLA professor and Third World cinema expert|url=http://www.latimes.com/news/obituaries/la-me-teshome-gabriel-20100617,0,28810.story|work=[[Los Angeles Times]]|date=2010-06-17|accessdate=2010-07-03}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFMcClellan2010">McClellan, Dennis (2010-06-17). [http://www.latimes.com/news/obituaries/la-me-teshome-gabriel-20100617,0,28810.story "Teshome H. Gabriel dies at 70; UCLA professor and Third World cinema expert"]. ''[[Los Angeles Times]]''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2010-07-03</span></span>.</cite></ref> Onye ọrụ ibe ya na UCLA, Vinay Lal, kwuru na Gabriel bụ "otu n'ime ndị ọkà mmụta mbụ na-ekwu okwu n'ụzọ dị oke egwu banyere ihe nkiri nke ụwa nke atọ".<ref name="latimes" /> A mụrụ Gabriel na Ticho, Etiopia, na Septemba 24, 1939. Ọ kwagara United States na 1962. O nwetara akara ugo mmụta bachelor na sayensị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na 1967 wee nweta akara ugo mmụta masters na Education media na 1969, ha abụọ sitere na Mahadum Utah. . Ọ gara n'ihu na agụmakwụkwọ ya na UCLA, ebe ọ nwetara nzere masta na nka ihe nkiri na 1976 yana doctorate na ihe nkiri na ihe onyonyo na 1979. Gabriel malitere ịkụzi ihe na UCLA na 1974 wee bụrụ osote prọfesọ na UCLA School of Theater, Film and Television na 1981.<ref name="latimes"/> Akwụkwọ Gabriel gụnyere Cinema nke atọ na ụwa nke atọ: The Aesthetics of Liberation in 1982 na Third Cinema: Exploration of Nomadic Aesthetics & Narrative Communities. O deziri Otherness na Media: The Ethnography of the Imagined and the Imaged, nke e bipụtara na 1993. Ọ jere ozi dị ka onye nchịkọta akụkọ Mberede: Journal for Study of Media and Composite Cultures. Na mgbakwunye, Gebriel hibere Tuwaf (Ìhè), akwụkwọ akụkọ Etiopia na nka nke e bipụtara n'asụsụ Amharic. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ na bọọdụ nchịkọta akụkọ Tuwaf site na 1987 ruo 1991. gzpl41xql9j6xt75fxotclvzufd993q 0 21479 644477 108713 2026-05-31T04:51:41Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 644477 wikitext text/x-wiki   [[Category:Languages with ISO 639-2 code]] [[Category:Languages with ISO 639-1 code]] [[Usòrò:WIKITONGUES-_Roussow_speaking_Afrikaans.webm|thumb|Rossouw na-asụ Afrikaans.]] [[Usòrò:Colin_speaks_Afrikaans.webm|thumb|Colin na-asụ Afrikaans.]] [[Usòrò:WIKITONGUES-_Alaric_speaking_Afrikaans.webm|thumb|Alaric na-asụ Afrikaans.]] Afrikaans (UK: /ˌæfrɪˈkɑːns/, US: /ˌɑːf-/, nke pụtara 'African') bụ asụsụ West German nke malitere na Dutch Cape Colony site na '''asụsụ''' Dutch nke Holland n'onwe ya (ya bụ, olumba Hollandic) nke ndị Dutch, French, na ndị German bi na ndị ohu ha ji.<ref>{{Cite book|author=Wells|first=John C.|year=2008|title=Longman Pronunciation Dictionary|edition=3rd|publisher=Longman|isbn=978-1-4058-8118-0}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|author=Roach|first=Peter|year=2011|title=Cambridge English Pronouncing Dictionary|edition=18th|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-0-521-15253-2}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|author=Pithouse|first=K.|title=Making Connections: Self-Study & Social Action}}</ref><ref name="Heese1971">{{Cite book|author=Heese|first=J. A.|title=Die herkoms van die Afrikaner, 1657–1867|publisher=A. A. Balkema|year=1971|location=[[Cape Town]]|language=af|oclc=1821706}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|author=Kloeke|first=G. G.|url=http://www.dbnl.org/tekst/kloe004herk01_01/kloe004herk01_01.pdf|title=Herkomst en groei van het Afrikaans|publisher=Universitaire Pers Leiden|year=1950|location=Leiden|language=nl}}</ref><ref name="Heeringade Wet2015">{{Cite journal|author=Heeringa|first=Wilbert|year=2015|title=The origin of Afrikaans pronunciation: a comparison to west Germanic languages and Dutch dialects|url=http://www.ajol.info/index.php/splp/article/view/133815|journal=Stellenbosch Papers in Linguistics Plus|volume=47|doi=10.5842/47-0-649|issn=2224-3380}}</ref> Afrikaans ji nwayọọ nwayọọ malite ịzụlite njirimara dị iche iche n'oge narị afọ nke iri na asatọ.<ref name="coetzee">{{Cite book|author=Coetzee|first=Abel|url=http://www.dbnl.org/arch/coet003stan01_01/pag/coet003stan01_01.pdf|title=Standaard-Afrikaans|publisher=Pers van die Universiteit van die Witwatersrand|year=1948|location=Johannesburg|accessdate=2014-09-17}}</ref> A na-asụ ya ugbu a na South Africa, [[Namibia]] na (ruo n'ókè dị ala) [[Botswana]], [[Zambia]], na [[Zimbabwe]], na-eme atụmatụ n'ihe dị ka afọ 2010 nke ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị na-asụrụ Afrikaans dị n'agbata nde 15 na 23. Ọtụtụ ndị ọkà mmụta asụsụ na-ewere Afrikaans dị ka asụsụ creole naanị n'ụzọ ụfọdụ, kama n'ụzọ zuru ezu.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Deumert|first=Ana|title=Creole as necessity? Creole as choice?|date=2017-07-12|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/cll.53.05due|journal=Language Contact in Africa and the African Diaspora in the Americas|volume=53|pages=101–122|doi=10.1075/cll.53.05due|accessdate=2021-08-03}}</ref> Ndị ọkà mmụta asụsụ Afrikaans na-ele ya anya dị ka akụkụ Creole.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Smith|first=J.J|date=1952|title=THEORIES ABOUT THE ORIGIN OF AFRIKAANS|url=https://www.dbnl.org/arch/smit086theo01_01/pag/smit086theo01_01.pdf|journal=Hofmeyer Foundation Lectures, University of the Witwatersrand}}</ref> A na-eme atụmatụ na 90 ruo 95% nke okwu sitere na Dutch, ọ bụ ezie na Afrikaans anabatala okwu sitere na asụsụ ndị ọzọ, gụnyere German na asụsụ Khoisan nke Southern Africa. N'agbanyeghị nke ahụ, enwere ọdịiche dị iche iche na Dutch, gụnyere ụdị ọdịdị na ụtọ asụsụ, na mkpụrụ okwu nke na-egosipụta ịkpọpụta Afrikaans karịa ọkọlọtọ Dutch. [1] N'agbanyeghị, enwere nnukwu nghọta n'etiti asụsụ abụọ ahụ, ọkachasị n'ụdị ederede. [2] N'ihe dị ka 13.5% nke ndị bi na South Africa (7 nde mmadụ) bụ ndị na-asụ asụsụ ala, ọ bụ asụsụ nke atọ a na-asụrụkarị na mba ahụ, na-esote Zulu na Xhosa.<ref name="cib11">{{Cite book|title=Census 2011: Census in brief|url=http://www.statssa.gov.za/census/census_2011/census_products/Census_2011_Census_in_brief.pdf|publisher=Statistics South Africa|location=Pretoria|year=2012|isbn=9780621413885}}</ref> Ọ nwere nkesa kachasị n'ebe obibi na agbụrụ n'ime asụsụ 11 gọọmentị ma na-asụ ma ghọta ya n'ọtụtụ ebe dị ka asụsụ nke abụọ ma ọ bụ nke atọ, ọ bụ ezie na a na-eme atụmatụ na a ga-aghọta Zulu na Bekee dị ka asụsụ abụọ site na ọnụ ọgụgụ ka ukwuu nke ndị bi na ya. Ọ bụ asụsụ ka ọtụtụ n'ime ọkara <nowiki><i id="mwfg">ọdịda</i></nowiki> anyanwụ nke South Africa na mpaghara Northern Cape na Western Cape na asụsụ mbụ nke 75.8% nke ndị South Africa nwere agba (4.8 nde mmadụ), 60.8% nke ndị White South Africa (2.7 nde mmadụ), 1.5% nke ndị Black South Africa na 4.00,000 ndị India (66% nke ndị South African).<ref name="superweb">{{Cite web|title=Community profiles > Census 2011|url=http://interactive.statssa.gov.za/superweb|publisher=Statistics South Africa Superweb|accessdate=21 August 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130930103145/http://interactive.statssa.gov.za/superweb/|archivedate=30 September 2013}}</ref> == Okwu mmalite == Aha asụsụ ahụ sitere kpọmkwem na okwu Dutch Afrikaansch (nke a na-asụ Afrikaans ugbu a) nke pụtara 'Afrịka'.<ref>The changed spelling rule was introduced in article 1, rule 3, of the Dutch "orthography law" ''[https://web.archive.org/web/20210205160501/https://wetten.overheid.nl/BWBR0002027/1997-02-21 Wet voorschriften schrijfwijze Nederlandsche taal]'' of 14 February 1947. In 1954 the ''[[Word list of the Dutch language]]'' which regulates the spelling of individual words including the word ''Afrikaans'' was first published.</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Afrikaans|url=https://www.etymonline.com/search?q=afrikaans&ref=searchbar_searchhint|work=Online Etymology Dictionary|publisher=Douglas Harper|accessdate=24 January 2020}}</ref> A na-akpọbu ya "Cape Dutch" (''Kaap-Hollands'' / ''Kaap-Nederlands''), okwu a na-ejikwa eme ihe maka ndị bi na Cape n'oge mbụ, ma ọ bụ "kitchen Dutch" (''kombuistaal''), n'oge ọ bụ n'oge gara aga, n'ihi na ndị ohu nke ndị bi na ya na-asụ ya "na kichin". == Akụkọ ìhe mere eme == === Mmalite === Asụsụ Afrikaans bilitere ná Dutch Cape Colony, site ná ọdịiche dị n'ụzọ dị nta site ná asụsụ Dutch nkè Europe, n'oge narị afọ nke 18.<ref name="omniglot.com">{{Cite web|url=http://www.omniglot.com/writing/afrikaans.htm|title=Afrikaans|work=Omniglot|accessdate=22 September 2010}}</ref> Kà ọ na-erule n'etiti narị afọ nke iri ná asatọ ná n'oge na-adịbeghị ányá n'etiti iri abụọ, á maara Afrikaans ná Dutch dị kà "asụsụ nri" (Afrikaans: ), na-enweghị ùgwù nkè, dịka ọmụmaatụ, ọbụna site ná usoro agụmakwụkwọ n'Africa, ná asụsụ ndị a na-asụ n'èzí Africa. Ókwú ndị ọzọ e ji mee ihe n'oge gara aga na-ekewa ''Kaaps Hollands'' ("Cape Dutch", ya bụ. Afrikaans) dị kà ìhè á na-ekwu na ọ dị n'okpuru ụkpụrụ Dutch gụnyere ''geradbraakt'', ''gebroken'' ná ''onbeschaafd Hollands'' ("mutilated/broken/uncivilised Dutch"), yana Salt Nederlands ("incorrect Dutch").   [[Category:Language articles without speaker estimate]] [[Category:Languages without ISO 639-3 code]] Den Besten na-ekwu ná Standard Afrikaans nke oge á sitere ná isi mmalite abụọ:<ref>Hans den Besten, 1989. ''From Khoekhoe foreignertalk via Hottentot Dutch to Afrikaans: the creation of a novel grammar.'' In Pütz & Dirven (eds.), ''Wheels within wheels: papers of the Duisburg symposium on pidgin and creole languages,'' pp.&nbsp;207–250. Frankfurt-am-Main: Peter Lang.</ref> * Cape Dutch, mharị kpọmkwem nkè European Dutch ná Southern Africa, ná * 'Hottentot Dutch', pidgin nkè sitere ná 'Foreigner Talk' mà mesịa site ná pidgin Dutch nkè ndị ohu na-asụ, site ná creole Dutch.<ref>{{Cite web|editor=Hammarström|year=2020|title=Hottentot Dutch|work=[[Glottolog]] 4.3|url=https://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/hott1234}}</ref> Yá mere, n'echiche yá, Afrikaans abụghị ónyé Creole mà ọ bụ nwa Dutch, kama ọ bụ njikọta nke ụzọ abụọ na-ebufe. === Mmepe === [[Usòrò:Stuttafords_Huisgenoot.jpg|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Stuttafords_Huisgenoot.jpg/220px-Stuttafords_Huisgenoot.jpg|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|Standard Dutch eji na akwụkwọ akụkọ South Africa nke 1916 tupu Afrikaans dochie ya maka iji yá ná mgbasa ozi]] Ọtụtụ n'ime ndị mbụ biri ebe ahụ bụ ndị Afrikaners taa sitere ná United Provinces (nke bụ [[Netherlands]] na Flanders ugbu a), ọ bụ ezie ná ìhè ruru otú ụzọ n'ụzọ isii nkè ọbọdọo ahụ bụkwa ndị French Huguenot, ná nkè asaa sitere na [[Jémanị|Germany]].<ref name="zastudy">{{Cite book|title=Area Handbook for the Republic of South Africa|author=Kaplan|first=Irving|pages=46–771|year=1971|url=https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED056947.pdf}}</ref> Ndị ọrụ Africa ná Eshia, ụmụ Cape Coloured nkè ndị bi ná Europe ná ụmụ nwanyị Khoikhoi, ná ndị ohu nyere áká ná mmepe nkè Afrikaans.<ref>{{Cite book|author=Clark|first=Nancy L.|title=South Africa: The Rise and Fall of Apartheid|date=2016|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-138-12444-8|edition=3rd|location=Abingdon, Oxon|language=en|oclc=883649263}}</ref> Ndị ohu ahụ bụ ndị si n'Ebe Ọwụwa Anyanwụ Afrịka, West Africa, India, Madagascar, ná Dutch East Indies (Indonesia nke oge a).<ref name="Worden">{{Cite book|author=Worden|first=Nigel|title=Slavery in Dutch South Africa|year=2010|pages=40–43|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-0521152662}}</ref> Ọtụtụ n'ime há bụkwa ndị Khoisan, ndị á na-eji akpọrọ ìhè dị kà ndị ntụgharị, ndị na-arụ ọrụ n'ụlọ, ná ndị ọrụ. Ọtụtụ ụmụ nwanyị nweere onwe há ná ndị ohu lụrụ di, soro, mà ọ bụ bụrụ ndị ndị ndị ikom Dutch bi ná yá mere ìhè ike mmekọahụ. M. F. Valkhoff kwuru ná 75% nke ụmụaka á mụrụ n'aka ndị ohu nwanyị ná Dutch Cape Colony n'etiti 1652 ná 1672 nwere nna Dutch. [1] Sarah Grey Thomason ná Terrence Kaufman na-ekwu ná mmepe Afrikaans dị ka asụsụ dị iche bụ "nke ndị na-abụghị ndị ọcha mụtara Dutch n'ụzọ na-ezughị oke dị ka asụsụ nke abụọ". [2] Malite n'ihe dị Kà 1815, Afrikaans malitere dochie Malay dị kà asụsụ ntụziaka n'ụlọ akwụkwọ [[Ndi áláküba|ndị Alakụba]] ná South Africa, nkè e ji mkpụrụ akwụkwọ Arabic dee: lee Arabic Afrikaans. Kà e mesịrị, Afrikaans, nkè e ji mkpụrụedemede Latin dee ugbu a, malitere ịpụta náa akwụkwọ akụkọ ná ọrụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ná okpukpe n'ihe dị Kà 1850 (n'akụkụ Dutch e guzoberela).<ref name="omniglot.com" /> N'afọ 1875, otu ìgwè ndị na-asụ Afrikaans si Cape guzobere ''Genootskap vir Regte Afrikaanders'' ("Society for Real Afrikaners"), ma bipụta ọtụtụ akwụkwọ na Afrikaans gụnyere ụtọ asụsụ, akwụkwọ ọkọwa okwu, ihe okpukpe na akụkọ ihe mere eme.<ref name="omniglot.com" /> Ruo mmalite narị afọ nke 20, á na-ewere Afrikaans dị kà olumba Dutch, n'akụkụ Standard Dutch, nkè ọ mechara dochie dị kà asụsụ gọọmentị.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Afrikaans Language Courses in London|url=http://www.keylanguages.com/new_english/afrikaans.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070812185524/http://www.keylanguages.com/new_english/afrikaans.html|archivedate=12 August 2007|accessdate=22 September 2010|publisher=Keylanguages.com}}</ref> Tupu agha ndị Boer, "ná n'ezie ruo oge ụfọdụ mgbe nkè ahụ gasịrị, á na-ewere Afrikaans dị kà ihe na-ekwesịghị ekwesị màkà ókwú agụmakwụkwọ. mà nkè ahụ, á kọwara Afrikaans n'ụzọ mkparị kà 'asụsụ kichin' mà ọ bụ 'okwu mkparị', nkè dabara adaba màkà nkwurịta ókwú karịsịa n'etiti ndị Boer ná ndị na-ejere ha ozi. " === Nkwado === In 1925, Afrikaans was recognised by the South African government as a distinct language, rather than simply a slang version of Dutch.<ref name="omniglot.com" /> On 8 May 1925, twenty-three years after the Second Boer War ended, the Official Languages of the Union Act of 1925 was passed—mostly due to the efforts of the Afrikaans language movement—at a joint sitting of the House of Assembly and the Senate, in which the Afrikaans language was declared a variety of Dutch.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.sahistory.org.za/dated-event/afrikaans-becomes-official-language-union-south-africa|title=Afrikaans becomes the official language of the Union of South Africa|date=2011-03-16|work=South African History Online|accessdate=2017-03-17}}</ref> The Constitution of 1961 reversed the position of Afrikaans and Dutch, so that English and Afrikaans were the official languages, and Afrikaans was deemed to include Dutch. The Constitution of 1983 removed any mention of Dutch altogether. === Standardisation === The earliest Afrikaans texts were some doggerel verse from 1795 and á dialogue transcribed by a Dutch traveller in 1825. Afrikaans used the Latin alphabet around this time, although the Cape Muslim community used the Arabic script. In 1861, L.H. Meurant published his ''{{lang|af|Zamenspraak tusschen Klaas Waarzegger en Jan Twyfelaar}}'' ("Conversation between Claus Truthsayer and John Doubter"), which is considered to be the first book published in Afrikaans.<ref name=":2">{{Cite book|author=Tomasz|first=Kamusella|title=The Social and Political History of Southern Africa's Languages|publisher=Palgrave Macmillan UK|year=2018|isbn=978-1-137-01592-1|pages=17–18}}</ref> The first grammar book was published in 1876; a bilingual dictionary was later published in 1902. The main modern Afrikaans dictionary in use is the ''{{lang|af|[[Verklarende Handwoordeboek van die Afrikaanse Taal]]}}'' (HAT). A new authoritative dictionary, called ''{{lang|af|[[Woordeboek van die Afrikaanse Taal]]}}'' (WAT), was under development as of 2018. The official orthography of Afrikaans is the ''{{lang|af|Afrikaanse Woordelys en Spelreëls}}'', compiled by {{lang|af|[[Die Taalkommissie]]}}.<ref name=":2" /> === The Afrikaans Bible === The Afrikaners primarily were Protestants, of the Dutch Reformed Church of the 17th century. Their religious practices would later be influenced in South Africa by British ministries during the 1800s.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Afrikaner|url=http://www.sahistory.org.za/article/afrikaner|work=South African History Online|publisher=South African History Online (SAHO)|accessdate=20 October 2017}}</ref> A landmark in the development of the language was the translation of the whole [[Akwụkwọ Nsọ|Bible]] into Afrikaans. While significant advances had been made in the textual criticism of the Bible, especially the Greek New Testament, the 1933 translation followed the Textus Receptus and was closely akin to the {{lang|nl|[[Statenbijbel]]}}. Before this, most Cape Dutch-Afrikaans speakers had to rely on the Dutch {{lang|nl|[[Statenbijbel]]}}. This {{lang|nl|[[Statenvertaling]]}} had its origins with the Synod of Dordrecht of 1618 and was thus in an archaic form of Dutch. This was hard for Dutch speakers to understand, and increasingly unintelligible for Afrikaans speakers. C. P. Hoogehout, {{ill|Arnoldus Pannevis|af}}, and Stephanus Jacobus du Toit were the first Afrikaans Bible translators. Important landmarks in the translation of the Scriptures were in 1878 with C. P. Hoogehout's translation of the ''{{lang|af|Evangelie volgens Markus}}'' (Gospel of Mark, lit. Gospel according to Mark); however, this translation was never published. The manuscript is to be found in the South African National Library, Cape Town. The first official translation of the entire Bible into Afrikaans was in 1933 by J. D. du Toit, E. E. van Rooyen, J. D. Kestell, H. C. M. Fourie, and BB Keet.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.enigstetroos.org/bybelstudie.htm|title=Bybelstudies|accessdate=23 September 2008|author=Bogaards|first=Attie H.|language=af|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081010173208/http://www.enigstetroos.org/bybelstudie.htm|archivedate=10 October 2008}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.bybelgenootskap.co.za/afr/bybelgenootskap/jongste_nuus.asp|title=Afrikaanse Bybel vier 75 jaar|accessdate=23 September 2008|date=25 August 2008|publisher=Bybelgenootskap van Suid-Afrika|language=af|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080609161131/http://www.bybelgenootskap.co.za/afr/bybelgenootskap/jongste_nuus.asp|archivedate=9 June 2008}}</ref> This monumental work established Afrikaans as ''{{lang|af|'n suiwer en ordentlike taal}}'', that is "a pure and proper language" for religious purposes, especially amongst the deeply Calvinist Afrikaans religious community that previously had been sceptical of a Bible translation that varied from the Dutch version that they were used to. In 1983, a fresh translation marked the 50th anniversary of the 1933 version and provided a much-needed revision. The final editing of this edition was done by E. P. Groenewald, A. H. van Zyl, P. A. Verhoef, J. L. Helberg and W. Kempen. This translation was influenced by Eugene Nida's theory of dynamic equivalence which focussed on finding the nearest equivalent in the receptor language to the idea that the Greek, Hebrew or Aramaic wanted to convey. The challenge to this type of translation is that it doesn't take into account that there are shifts in meaning in the receptor language.{{Citation needed|date=June 2018}} A new translation, ''Die Bybel: 'n Direkte Vertaling'' was released in November 2020. It is the first truly ecumenical translation of the Bible in Afrikaans as translators from various churches, including the Roman Catholic and Anglican Churches, were involved.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Bible Society of South Africa - Afrikaans Bible translation|url=https://www.bybelgenootskap.co.za/index.php/take-action/projects/19-projects/82-afrikaans-bible-translation|work=www.bybelgenootskap.co.za|accessdate=2020-05-30|archivedate=25 July 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200725003816/https://www.bybelgenootskap.co.za/index.php/take-action/projects/19-projects/82-afrikaans-bible-translation}}</ref> Various commercial translations of the Bible in Afrikaans have also appeared since the 1990s, such as ''Die Boodskap'' and the ''Nuwe Lewende Vertaling''. Most of these translations were published by Christelike Uitgewersmaatskappy (CUM).{{Citation needed|date=June 2018}}{{Vague|date=June 2018}} === Classification === == Geographic distribution == === Sociolinguistics === == Current status == Post-apartheid South Africa has seen a loss of preferential treatment by the government for Afrikaans, in terms of education, social events, media (TV and radio), and general status throughout the country, given that it now shares its place as official language with ten other languages. Nevertheless, Afrikaans remains more prevalent in the media – radio, newspapers and television – than any of the other official languages, except English. More than 300 book titles in Afrikaans are published annually.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.oulitnet.co.za/taaldebat/multilin.asp|title=Hannes van Zyl|publisher=Oulitnet.co.za|accessdate=1 October 2009|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081228004644/http://www.oulitnet.co.za/taaldebat/multilin.asp|archivedate=28 December 2008}}</ref> South African census figures suggest a growing number of speakers in all nine provinces, a total of 6.85 million in 2011 compared to 5.98 million a decade earlier.<ref name="Beeld-2012">{{Cite news|first=Antoinette|author=Pienaar|title=Afrikaans groei, sê sensus (Afrikaans growing according to census)|url=http://www.beeld.com/Suid-Afrika/Nuus/Afrikaans-bly-groei-se-sensus-20121030|accessdate=25 March 2013|work=Beeld|date=30 October 2012}}</ref> The South African Institute of Race Relations (SAIRR) projects that a growing majority will be Coloured Afrikaans speakers.<ref name="Rapport-2013">{{Cite news|author=Prince|first=Llewellyn|title=Afrikaans se môre is bruin (Afrikaans' tomorrow is coloured)|url=http://www.rapport.co.za/Suid-Afrika/Nuus/Afrikaans-se-more-is-bruin-20130323|accessdate=25 March 2013|work=Rapport|date=23 March 2013}}</ref> Afrikaans speakers experience higher employment rates than other South African language groups, though as of 2012 half a million remain unemployed.<ref name="Beeld-2012" /> == Grammar == In addition, verbs do not conjugate differently depending on the subject. For example, == Phonology == === Vowels === [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] pco4uglrngwxe8ihym00ey3sucdtt81 0 22189 644410 101088 2026-05-30T23:26:31Z Iwuala chisom 17246 Fixed reference errors 644410 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Sugra Visram''' (15 Julaị 1923 - 29 Ọktoba 2012), nke a makwaara dị ka '''Sugra Namubiru Visram''', bụ onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Uganda, onye na-eme ihe ike na onye ọchụnta ego. Ọ bụ otu n'ime ụmụ nwanyị mbụ so na ndị omeiwu nke Kabaka Muteesa nke Abụọ sonyere na Buganda Lukiiko.N'ịbụ onye sonyere na Kabaka Yekka Party, ọ nọchitere anya Kibuga Constituency (Mengo ugbu a) na Nzukọ Ndị Omeiwu nke Mbụ na nke Abụọ nke Uganda ruo mgbe ọ gbara arụkwaghịm dị ka onye omeiwu na 1966. Ya na [[Florence Alice Lubega]] na Eseza Makumbi, ọ bụ otu n'ime ụmụ nwanyị atọ mbụ jere ozi n'ọkwa a na Uganda mgbe nnwere onwe gasịrị. == Mmalite na agụmakwụkwọ == A mụrụ ya Sugra Jamal na Ụlọ Ọgwụ Nsambya n'aka Mohamedali Jamal, onye Pakistan na Kawkab Aha Mirza nke ndị Iran.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|date=2012-11-02|title=Sugra Visram, one of the first female MPs in Uganda is dead|url=https://ismailimail.blog/2012/11/02/sugra-visram-one-of-the-first-female-mps-in-uganda-is-dead/|accessdate=2022-03-26|work=Ismailimail|language=en}}</ref> Ọ tolitere na Mengo na Old Kampala ma gụọ akwụkwọ na Old Kampa Senior Secondary School<ref name=":1" /> == Ọrụ == Dị ka ya na di ya na-arụ ọrụ, Visram na-ejikwa ụlọ ahịa uwe ma malite ụlọ akwụkwọ ịkwọ ụgbọala maka ụmụ nwanyị.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|author=Wulira!|date=2017-10-17|title=Episode notes: Sugra Visram and the start of family planning in Uganda|url=https://medium.com/@wulira_uganda/episode-notes-sugra-visram-and-the-start-of-family-planning-in-uganda-81d09e25a9e5|accessdate=2022-03-26|work=Medium|language=en}}</ref> N'agbata afọ 1950 na 1951, ọ bụ onye isi ụlọ akwụkwọ ọta akara, ụlọ akwụkwọ Ithnasheri, ụlọ akwụkwọ ọt akara.<ref name=":2" /> Visram sonyeere ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na 1962 na ntuli aka Buganda tupu nnwere onwe nke afọ ahụ, a họpụtara Visram na [[Florence Alice Lubega]] na Eseza Makumbi na ''Lukiiko''.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|author=Tripp|first=Aili Mari|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/841171389|title=Women & politics in Uganda|date=2000|isbn=978-0-299-16483-6|location=Madison|oclc=841171389}}</ref> Mgbe ntuli aka nke afọ 1962 gasịrị, a họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ onye nnọchi anya Buganda ka ọ na-anọchite anya Florence Alice Lubega, na-eme ka ha bụrụ ụmụ nwanyị mbụ so n'òtù a.<ref name=":0" /> Ọ sonyeere otu ndọrọndọrọ ọchịchị Kabaka Yekka (KY) ma nọchite anya mpaghara a maara dị ka "Kibuga" (Mengo taa).<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|date=2021-01-23|title=Sugra Visram, one of the first female MPs in Uganda is dead|url=https://www.monitor.co.ughttps//www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/news/national/sugra-visram-one-of-the-first-female-mps-in-uganda-is-dead-1529204|accessdate=2022-03-26|work=Monitor|language=en}}</ref> Visram bụ otu n'ime ndị omeiwu ise nke Kabaka Yekka gbara arụkwaghịm n'oche ndị omeiwu ha mgbe ọ jụrụ ịdebanye aha na ndokwa nke iwu ọhụrụ nke e gosipụtara mgbe nnupụisi iwu nke 1966 na Uganda gasịrị.<ref>{{Cite book|author=Tamale|first=Sylvia|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/39307485|title=When hens begin to crow : gender and parliamentary politics in Uganda|date=1999|publisher=Westview Press|isbn=0-8133-3462-4|location=Boulder, Colo.|oclc=39307485}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2010-06-13|title=When Hens Begin To Crow: Gender And Parliamentary Politics In Uganda|url=https://silo.pub/when-hens-begin-to-crow-gender-and-parliamentary-politics-in-uganda.html|accessdate=2022-03-26|work=silo.pub|language=en}}</ref> Ọ bụ onye isi nke Women's Wing nke Kabaka Yekka (KY) na mgbakwunye na ịbụ osote onye isi oche nke Kansụl Uganda maka ụmụ nwanyị nke ọ sonyeere na 1944.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|date=2021-01-23|title=Sugra Visram, one of the first female MPs in Uganda is dead|url=https://www.monitor.co.ughttps//www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/news/national/sugra-visram-one-of-the-first-female-mps-in-uganda-is-dead-1529204|accessdate=2022-03-26|work=Monitor|language=en}}</ref> Ọ bụ otu n'ime ndị guzobere Family Planning Association of Uganda (nke a maara ugbu a dị ka Reproductive Health Uganda) n'afọ 1957. O nyekwara aka guzobe Young Women's Christian Association (YWCA) na Uganda ma bụrụkwa onye na-ahụ maka akụ ya.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|author=Tripp|first=Aili Mari|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/841171389|title=Women & politics in Uganda|date=2000|isbn=978-0-299-16483-6|location=Madison|oclc=841171389}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite web|author=Wulira!|date=2017-10-17|title=Episode notes: Sugra Visram and the start of family planning in Uganda|url=https://medium.com/@wulira_uganda/episode-notes-sugra-visram-and-the-start-of-family-planning-in-uganda-81d09e25a9e5|accessdate=2022-03-26|work=Medium|language=en}}</ref> === Mgbe a chụpụrụ ya na 1972 === Mgbe a chụpụrụ ndị Eshia na Uganda na 1972, Visram rụrụ ọrụ na ngalaba agụmakwụkwọ nke Commonwealth Institute. Ọ na-arụkwa ọrụ na Commonwealth Parliamentary Association na Red Cross.<ref name=":4">http://awaazmagazine.com/previous/index.php/component/k2/item/275-ugandas-reluctant-hero-sugra-visram {{Dead link|date=October 2023|fix-attempted=yes}}</ref> Ọ laghachiri Uganda na 1993 wee rụọ ọrụ dị ka onye enyemaka onye isi ala pụrụ iche na Inward Investment == Ndụ onwe onye == Na 1941, Visram lụrụ Haider Visram, nwa nwa Allidina Visram.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|date=2021-01-23|title=Sugra Visram, one of the first female MPs in Uganda is dead|url=https://www.monitor.co.ughttps//www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/news/national/sugra-visram-one-of-the-first-female-mps-in-uganda-is-dead-1529204|accessdate=2022-03-26|work=Monitor|language=en}}</ref> Ọ nwụrụ na afo otu puku narị itoolu, iri itoolu na asatọ 1998 ma ha nwere ụmụ atọ A nabatara ya n'ezinụlọ Buganda Mamba ma nye ya aha '''Namubiru'''<ref>{{Cite web|title=When Hens begin to Crow - Gender and Parliamentary Politics in Uganda (Fountain Publishers, 1999, 254 p.): 1 Introduction: Notes|url=http://www.nzdl.org/cgi-bin/library?e=d-00000-00---off-0unescoen--00-0----0-10-0---0---0direct-10---4-------0-1l--11-en-50---20-about---00-0-1-00-0-0-11----0-0-&a=d&c=unescoen&cl=CL1.11&d=HASH01498f0cfd994ddfe10f20e4.4.6|accessdate=2022-03-26|work=www.nzdl.org}}</ref> == Hụkwa == == Ebenside == <references /> fqa6eldm5qwlqblzq8veansmv5zxphj 0 22521 644353 147031 2026-05-30T21:53:33Z Iwuala chisom 17246 Added {{DEFAULTSORT}} 644353 wikitext text/x-wiki   {{Databox}}'''Elizabeth Phiri''' bụ [[Zambia|onye]] ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị obodo Zambia. Ọ bụbu onye omeiwu nke Kanyama Constituency n'okpuru Patriotic Front (Zambia), Elizabeth jere ozi dị ka Minista nke Mmekọahụ na gọọmentị Zambia.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Elizabeth Phiri {{!}} National Assembly of Zambia|url=https://www.parliament.gov.zm/node/5539|accessdate=2021-04-23|work=www.parliament.gov.zm|archivedate=2021-04-23|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210423100649/https://www.parliament.gov.zm/node/5539}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=NEW PF CENTRAL COMMITTEE TO BE RATIFIED BY GENERAL COUNCIL|url=https://zambiareports.com/2021/04/10/new-pf-central-committee-ratified-general-council/|accessdate=2021-04-23|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210410173420/https://zambiareports.com/2021/04/10/new-pf-central-committee-ratified-general-council/|archivedate=2021-04-10}}</ref> == Hụkwa == * ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nke Zambia * Edgar Lungu Cabinet 2021 == Edensibịa == <references group="" responsive="1"></references> {{DEFAULTSORT:Phiri, Elizabeth}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:1960 births]] dxu56d8fizs0qcpwi7k0kz37hg0jh4d 0 22570 644568 394032 2026-05-31T07:42:51Z Iwuala chisom 17246 Improved+added DS 644568 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Category:Articles with hCards]] '''Elizabeth Nyamayaro''' bụ onye sayensị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na onye bụbu onye ndụmọdụ ukwu nke Under-Secretary-General na Executive Director for UN Women.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.ted.com/speakers/elizabeth_nyamayaro|title=Elizabeth Nyamayaro {{!}} Speaker {{!}} TED.com|author=Nyamayaro|first=Elizabeth|accessdate=2017-03-19|language=en}}</ref> Nyamayaro bụkwa onye isi nke HeForShe, otu òtù nke ụmụ nwanyị UN guzobere iji nye ụmụ mmadụ niile ike, ọkachasị ụmụ nwoke na ụmụ nwoke, inwe olu ma mee ihe iji nweta nha nhata nwoke na nwanyị na ndụ ha. A mụrụ Nyamayaro n'aka na Zambia ma ya bụrụ otu n'ime ụmụ anọ.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|url=http://blog.acehotel.com/post/158155889408/interview-elizabeth-nyamayaro|title=INTERVIEW: ELIZABETH NYAMAYARO|work=Ace Hotel|language=en|accessdate=2017-03-28|archivedate=2017-12-03|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171203082801/http://blog.acehotel.com/post/158155889408/interview-elizabeth-nyamayaro}}</ref> Ọ bụ nne nne ya zụlitere ya n'otu obodo dị na [[Zimbabwe]] nke nwere nje HIV na ụnwụ nri.<ref name="Fast company">{{Cite news|url=https://www.fastcompany.com/3046840/the-remarkable-origins-of-the-uns-heforshe-campaign|title=The Remarkable Origins Of The U.N.'s HeForShe Campaign {{!}} Fast Company|date=2015-05-29|work=Fast Company|accessdate=2017-03-19|language=en-US}}</ref> Kama ịga ụlọ akwụkwọ, ọ na-arụ ọrụ ụlọ ma na-achọ nri ebe ọ bụla o nwere ike. Mgbe ụkọ mmiri ozuzo n'afọ iri asatọ hapụrụ obodo ya n'agụụ, Nyamayaro zutere UNICEF na nke mbụ ya.<ref name=":1">{{Cite news|url=http://www.elleuk.com/life-and-culture/culture/longform/a31993/my-story-elizabeth-nyamayaro/|title=My Story: Elizabeth Nyamayaro|date=2016-09-23|work=ELLE UK|accessdate=2017-03-21|language=en}}</ref> Nke a bụ oge mbụ ụnwụ nri dakwasịrị obodo ya ma ọ ritere uru site n'aka ndị ọrụ enyemaka UN na-enye ya nri site n'oge ruo n'oge.<ref name="Fast company" /> Mgbe ahụmịhe ahụ gasịrị, ọ ghọrọ ihe mgbaru ọsọ ya ịrụ ọrụ maka United Nations ma nyere aka ma bulie ndị ọzọ dị ka enyere ya aka. Ọ bụ mgbe ụnwụ nri mbụ gasịrị ka ezinụlọ ya kewara ma ya na nne nne ya nọrọ ebe nne na nna ya, nwanne ya nwoke, na ụmụnne ya nwanyị abụọ gara n'isi obodo Harare ịchọ ọrụ na ohere.<ref name=":1" /> Mgbe ọ dị afọ iri, nwanne nne ya nwere ego zuru ezu iji kpọga ya n'isi obodo Harare ma soro ụmụaka Britain gaa ụlọ akwụkwọ onwe onye nke bụ oge mbụ ya n'ụlọ akwụkwọ.<ref name=":1" /> Nke a bụ oge dị mkpa na ndụ ya ka ọ nwere enweghị nhata na nke mbụ ya n'ihi na ọ dabara n'ụlọ akwụkwọ mana ọ dịkwa ya ka ọ dị elu karịa obodo ya ebe ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ ugbu a.<ref name=":1" /> Ọ hapụrụ obodo Zimbabwe mgbe ọ dị afọ iri abụọ na otu ịga obere kọleji na Notting Hill Gate, [[London]].<ref name=":1"/> Mgbe ọ biri na London na Geneva, Nyamayaro bi ugbu a na mba New York City.<ref name=":1" /> Nyamayaro nwetara MSc ya na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị site na London School of Economics and Political Science .<ref name="Report">{{Cite web|url=http://event.holmesreport.com/gprs-2015/speaker-elizabeth-nyamayaro-536.aspx|title=Elizabeth Nyamayaro Senior Advisor UN Women|author=Report|first=The Holmes|work=event.holmesreport.com|language=en|accessdate=2017-03-21|archivedate=2017-03-22|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170322112126/http://event.holmesreport.com/gprs-2015/speaker-elizabeth-nyamayaro-536.aspx}}</ref> Nyamayaro gara Harvard Business School.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Elizabeth Nyamayaro|url=https://www.familyactionnetwork.net/speaker/elizabeth-nyamayaro/|accessdate=2021-10-20|work=FAN|language=en-US}}</ref> == Ọrụ == Ka ọ dị ugbu a, Nyamayaro bụ onye ndụmọdụ dị elu nye Under Onye Odide ebe dum na Onye nnọchiteanya na atuzi aka màkà UN Women na onye isi [[HeForShe|HeForShe Movement]]. Njikọ mbụ Nyamayaro maka UN Women bụ iwebata onye na-eme ihe nkiri na onye na-arụ ọrụ Emma Watson ka ọ bụrụ ihu nke Njem HeForShe .<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://yp.scmp.com/news/features/article/104476/elizabeth-nyamayaro-woman-behind-united-nations-heforshe-campaign-says?page=2382|title=Elizabeth Nyamayaro, the woman behind the United Nations' HeForShe campaign, says gender inequality isn't about men vs women|work=Young Post {{!}} South China Morning Post|accessdate=2017-03-28|language=en}}</ref> Tupu ọrụ ya maka UN Women, Nyamayaro rụrụ ọrụ maka Merck, otu n'ime nnukwu ụlọ ọrụ ọgwụ n'ụwa. Dị ka akụkụ nke Senior Leadership n'ime Corporate Strategy Office na Merck, ọ rụrụ ọrụ iji gaa n'ihu n'ọhụụ Merck nke ịgbasa ohere ọgwụ na mba ndị na-emepe emepe.<ref name="Report"/> O lekwasịrị anya ma malite atụmatụ ndị inyom dị mkpa gụnyere "Merck for Mothers," nkwekọrịta $ 500 nde iji belata ọnwụ nne, "Saving Mothers, Giving Life", atụmatụ ya na Gọọmentị US na odeakwụkwọ nke steeti Hillary Clinton na-elekwasị anya na ahụike nne na n'ikpeazụ, "Pink Ribbon Red Ribbon Alliance" nke ya na George W. Bush Institute, UNAIDS, Susan G. Komen na PEPFAR jikọrọ aka na mgbochi ọrịa kansa akpa nwa.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://nyuafricaforum.com/women-in-leadership|title=Women in Leadership {{!}} NYU AFRICA ECONOMIC FORUM|work=nyuafricaforum.com|language=en-US|accessdate=2017-03-21|archivedate=2017-03-22|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170322111644/http://nyuafricaforum.com/women-in-leadership}}</ref> N'ime afọ iri na ise gara aga, Nyamayaro anọ kwara n'ọkwa na UNAIDS, World Health Organization na World Bank.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.allamericanspeakers.com/celebritytalentbios/Elizabeth+Nyamayaro|title=Biography of Elizabeth Nyamayaro for Appearances, Speaking Engagements|work=www.allamericanspeakers.com|accessdate=2017-03-21|archivedate=2017-03-22|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170322111949/https://www.allamericanspeakers.com/celebritytalentbios/Elizabeth+Nyamayaro}}</ref> N'ebe ahụ, ọ rụrụ ọrụ iji kwado atụmatụ ahụike ọha na eze. Na ma na ngalaba ọha na eze ma nke onwe, Nyamayaro arụwo ọrụ n'ihu mmepe Afrịka ihe karịrị afọ iri.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nasa.gov/ames/ocs/2016-summer-series/elizabeth-nyamayaro|title=Elizabeth Nyamayaro - How to Create a Social Movement|author=Kovo|first=Yael|date=2016-07-13|work=NASA|accessdate=2017-03-21|language=en}}</ref> N'ọnwa Mee, n'afọ 2015, Nyamayaro mere ihe nkiri TED Talk maka TEDWomen nke akpọrọ, "Ọkpụkpọ òkù maka ụmụ nwoke chọrọ ụwa ka mma maka ụmụ nwanyị". Ka ọ na-erule n'ọnwa Machị, na afọ 2016, okwu TED ya enwetala 1,240,141 n'anya. Tụkwasị na nke a, o guzobere IQ Afrịka, ụlọ ọrụ na-enweghị uru nke na-achọ inye aka na uto na mmepe akụ na ụba nke Afrika.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://africaiq.org/about-us-1/|title=About Us|date=2013-01-29|work=AFRICA IQ|accessdate=2017-03-21|language=en-US}}</ref> Nyamayaro bụ onye na-akwado nkà ihe ọmụma Ubuntu. == Onyinye == * A họpụtara ya maka New African Woman Award na Civil Society<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://nawmagazine.com/shortlist-of-nominees-for-new-african-woman-awards-2016-announced-2016-shortlist-reflects-multi-talented-gamechangers-from-across-the-continent/|title=Shortlist of Nominees for New African Woman Awards 2016 Announced|date=2016-03-03|work=New African Woman Magazine|accessdate=2017-03-21|language=en-GB}}</ref> == Hụkwa == * Ụmụ nwanyị UN * [[HeForShe|Ọ bụ ya mere]] == Ebensibịa == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * Elizabeth Nyamayaro on LinkedIn * Elizabeth Nyamayaro at TED * Elizabeth Nyamayaro: An invitation to men who want a better world for women, a TED talk {{DEFAULTSORT:Nyamayaro, Elizabeth}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 7qo2quc8yis600uhn0t9bcimc0k245s 0 22597 644158 101543 2026-05-30T17:50:36Z Chigozirim2005 19722 Fixed reference error 644158 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Sheba Tavarwisa''' (amụrụ n'ụbọchị mbụ n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ n'afọ 1946) bụ onye agha si [[Zimbabwe]]. Ọ bụ otu n'ime ndị isi nwanyị mbụ nke ngalaba agha nke Zimbabwe African National Union (ZANLA), nke butere ụzọ mgbanwe nke mba ahụ megide ọchịchị ndị ọchịchị.<ref name="Unsung">{{Cite news|title=Here are the Unsung Female Heroes Of Africa's Liberation Everyone Should Know|url=https://womenafrica.com/meet-the-unsung-female-heroes-of-africas-liberation-you-should-know/|accessdate=3 October 2020|work=Women Africa|publisher=Jetheights Media|date=11 September 2019}}</ref><ref name="Colonial heritage Book">{{Cite book|author=Munyaradzi|first=Mawere|title=Colonial Heritage, Memory and Sustainability in Africa: Challenges, Opportunities and Prospects|date=12 December 2015|publisher=Langaa RPCIG|isbn=978-9956-763-72-6|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3c1RCwAAQBAJ&q=sheba&pg=PA14|accessdate=3 October 2020|language=en}}</ref> == Mgbanwe == Tavarwisa rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye nkuzi ụlọ akwụkwọ praịmarị ruo mgbe ọ hapụrụ iji sonye na Zimbabwe African National Liberation Army (ZANLA) iji lụọ ọgụ maka nnwere onwe mba ahụ. Ọ bụ otu n'ime ndị isi mbụ na ndị isi nwanyị mbụ nke òtù ahụ.<ref name="Colonial heritage Book" /> Tavarwisa mekwara ka o doo anya na a naghị emenye ụmụ nwanyị nọ n'ogige ahụ nsogbu mmekọahụ ma ọ bụ na-erigbu ha.<ref name="Unsung" /> Tavarwisa zụrụ ndị otu, rụọ ọrụ ma duzie nnupụisi dị ka ọchịagha ka ọ na-elekọta ụmụ ya.<ref name="Journal Female combatant">{{Cite journal|title=Female Combatants and Shifting Gender Perceptions during Zimbabwe's Liberation War, 1966-79|journal=International Journal of Gender and Women's Studies|date=March 2014|volume=2|url=http://ijgws.com/journals/ijgws/Vol_2_No_1_March_2014/5.pdf|accessdate=3 October 2020}}</ref> N'afọ 1978, Tavarwisa ghọrọ osote odeakwụkwọ ZANU maka agụmakwụkwọ.<ref name="Accord" /> Ọ rịgoro n'ọkwá ma ghọọ onye otu ZANU kachasị elu na-eme mkpebi, iwu dị elu.<ref name="Unsung" /><ref name="Accord">{{Cite web|author=Nhongo-Simbanegavi|first=Josephine|title=For Better Or Worse? Women And ZANLA In Zimbabwe's Liberation Struggle|url=https://www.accord.org.za/ajcr-issues/for-better-or-worse-women-and-zanla-in-zimbabwes-liberation-struggle/|work=ACCORD|accessdate=3 October 2020}}</ref> O sonyere na atụmatụ atụmatụ ma bụrụ naanị nwanyị n'etiti ndị ọzọ 27. Ewezuga ịbụ onye otu ngalaba ụmụ nwanyị nke ZANU, a họpụtara ya ka ọ nọrọ na kọmitii etiti nke nzukọ ahụ.<ref name="Colonial heritage Book" /> Onye nkuzi na onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Fay Chung, onye bụkwa onye otu ZANU, kwuru banyere Tavarwasa na:<ref name="Fay">{{Cite web|title=Dr. Fay King Chung|url=http://fawe.org/team/dr-fay-king-chung/|work=Forum for African Women Educationalists: FAWE|publisher=African Women Educationalists|accessdate=3 October 2020}}</ref><ref name="STATEMENTJOURNAL">{{Cite journal|author=Tafadzwa Ngoshi|first=Hazel|title=Masculinities and Femininities in Zimbabwean Autobiographies of Political Struggle: The Case of Edgar Tekere and Fay Chung|journal=Journal of Literary Studies|date=September 2013|volume=29|issue=3|pages=119–139|doi=10.1080/02564718.2013.810871|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/258051406|accessdate=3 October 2020}}</ref>   == Ọnwụ == Tavarwisa nwụrụ na 3 Junn, na afọ 1994. E liri ya n'obodo ya dị na Gutu. A nabataghị ya dị ka dike, nke mere ka onye ọrụ mpaghara ZANU-PF bụ Mapiye Wekwete jụọ osote onye isi ala Simon Muzenda ajụjụ banyere ụkpụrụ maka ịnakwere ndị agha agha.<ref name="The Independent">{{Cite news|author=Matikinye|first=Ray|title=What credentials does a hero need?|url=https://www.theindependent.co.zw/2007/10/12/what-credentials-does-a-hero-need/amp/|accessdate=3 October 2020|work=The Zimbabwe Independent|date=11 October 2007}}</ref><ref name="Neharanda">{{Cite news|author=Makura|first=John|title=Zanu PF not consistent on hero status|url=https://nehandaradio.com/2014/06/22/zanu-pf-consistent-hero-status/|accessdate=3 October 2020|work=Nehanda Radio|publisher=Neharanda Radio|date=22 June 2014}}</ref> Ọtụtụ ndị ọrụ ibe nwoke mechara sonye n'ọgụ ahụ na ọbụna ndị ndị ndị agha nwanyị mbụ zụrụ dịka Tavarwisa nyere ọnọdụ dike ma lie ha na National Heroes Acre.<ref name="The Independent" /> == Ebenside == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Ndị Agha Umunwaayi]] lxf4nftyymcxqhz22ab0qtj5qwa0spk 0 22682 644041 139089 2026-05-30T14:16:59Z Iwuala chisom 17246 Fixed reference errors 644041 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Su'ad al-Fatih Mohammed al-Badawi''' (amụrụ na 1 Jenụwarị 1932 - 23 Disemba 2022) bụ onye Sudanese agụmakwụkwọ, onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, na onye nta akụkọ. A maara ya maka nkwado ya maka ikike ụmụ nwanyị na nkwado ya maka Islamism. Al-Badawi nwere nzere na Mahadum nke Khartoum na School of Oriental and African Studies na London, wee ghọọ prọfesọ nke Arabic na Mahadim Omdurman Islamic na 1980. Mmekọrịta ya na Islamism malitere na 1950s, mgbe ọ bụ otu n'ime ụmụ nwanyị mbụ so na Muslim Brotherhood. Al-Badawi mechara sonye na National Islamic Front, ma malite na 1980s nọchitere anya pati ahụ ọtụtụ oge na National Legislature. Ọ rụkwara ọrụ na Nzukọ Ndị Omeiwu Pan-African. == Mbido ndụ na ọrụ agụmakwụkwọ == A mụrụ Al-Badawi na Al-Ubayyid, Kurdufan Province. Nna nna ya bụ onye ọkà mmụta Alakụba a ma ama na Omdurman, ebe nna ya bụ kọmishọna distrikti, n'ọchịchị n'oge Anglo-Egyptian condominium na mgbe nnwere onwe gasịrị na 1956. N'ihi ọrụ nna ya, al-Badawi biri n'ọtụtụ obodo dị iche iche dị ka nwatakịrị, na-anọ oge na Al-Ubayyid, Berber, Atbara, Khartoum, na Omdurman. Ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ sekọndrị ya na nkwado nke nna ya, onye nwere echiche dị mma maka agụmakwụkwọ ụmụ nwanyị n'agbanyeghị àgwà ọha na eze dị n'oge ahụ. Al-Badawi gara n'ihu mezue Bachelor of Arts (B.A.) na Mahadum nke Khartoum na 1956, dị ka otu n'ime ụmụ nwanyị anọ mbụ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Faculty of Arts. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye nkuzi ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị ruo oge ụfọdụ, wee gaa England maka ịmụtakwu. N'afọ 1961, ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na School of Oriental and African Studies na Mahadum London na Master of Arts (M.A.) na Arabic.<ref name="dab">{{Cite book|author=Akyeampong|first=Emmanuel Kwaku|date=2012|title=Dictionary of African Biography, Volume 6|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=39JMAgAAQBAJ|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0195382075}}</ref> Mgbe o si England lọta, a họpụtara al-Badawi ka ọ bụrụ onye isi nke ngalaba akụkọ ihe mere eme na kọleji ndị nkuzi. O mechara rụọ ọrụ na Khartoum dị ka onye nyocha maka Ministri nke Mmụta. N'afọ 1969, al-Badawi kwagara Saudi Arabia ịrụ ọrụ dịka onye ndụmọdụ maka UNESCO. O sonyere n'ịmepụta Girls' College of Education na Riyadh, ma jee ozi dị ka onye isi kọleji ruo oge ụfọdụ, yana idezi magazin kọleji. Mgbe ọ laghachiri Sudan, al-Badawi gụsịrị akwụkwọ doctorate na Arabic na Mahadum nke Khartoum na 1974, na 1980 e mere ya osote prọfesọ na Arabic na Omdurman Islamic University (OIU). Mgbe obere oge dị ka osote onye isi oche na Mahadum United Arab Emirates, ọ laghachiri na OIU na 1983 iji bụrụ onye isi nke kọleji ụmụ nwanyị, na-aghọ nwanyị mbụ nwere ọnọdụ ahụ. Na mbido afọ 1990, al-Badawi nọrọ ezumike dị ka onye postdoctoral fellow na Mahadum Edinburgh, Scotland.<ref name="dab"/> == ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị == Mmekọrịta mbụ Al-Badawi na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị bịara dị ka onye ndú n'òtù ụmụ nwanyị dị iche iche nke afọ 1950 na 1960. Ọ nọchitere anya Sudan n'ọtụtụ nnọkọ mba ụwa, gụnyere Nzukọ Ụmụ nwanyị Arab nke 1952 na Nzukọ Ụmụnwaanyị Soviet nke 1957. Mmekọrịta mbụ Al-Badawi bụ na Sudanese Women's Union, mana ya na ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ hapụrụ otu ahụ n'ihi esemokwu echiche. O mechara nyere aka guzobe otu ụmụ nwanyị Islamist, National Women's Front, ebe ọ bụ otu n'ime ụmụ nwanyị mbụ so na Muslim Brotherhood.<ref name="dab"/>{{Cite book|author=Akyeampong|first=Emmanuel Kwaku|date=2012|title=Dictionary of African Biography, Volume 6|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=39JMAgAAQBAJ|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0195382075}}<cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFAkyeampongGates2012">Akyeampong, Emmanuel Kwaku; Gates, Henry Louis (2012). [https://books.google.com/books?id=39JMAgAAQBAJ ''Dictionary of African Biography, Volume 6'']. Oxford University Press. p.&nbsp;339. [[ISBN (onye njirimara)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Ihe pụrụ iche:BookSources/978-0195382075|<bdi>978-0195382075</bdi>]].</cite></ref><ref name="hds">{{Cite book|author=Kramer|first=Robert|date=2013|title=Historical Dictionary of the Sudan|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WAs7lGNkVBkC|publisher=Rowman & Littlefield|pages=305–306|isbn=978-0810861800}}</ref> N'afọ 1981, al-Badawi ghọrọ onye otu National People's Council, ndị omeiwu nke Sudan n'okpuru Onye isi ala Gaafar Nimeiry. O mechara rụọ ọrụ na National Assembly site na 1996 ruo 2005, na 2004 a họpụtara ya na Pan-African Parliament.<ref name="p340">Akyeampong and Gates, p. 340.</ref> Ruo oge ụfọdụ n'etiti afọ 1980, al-Badawi bụ otu n'ime ụmụ nwanyị abụọ na-eme iwu na Sudan. Ọ bụ onye otu National Islamic Front, otu òtù Islamist, otu isi iyi akpọkwara ya "nwaanyị Islamist a na-ahụ anya" na Sudan n'oge ahụ. N'otu nnọkọ mba ụwa n'afọ 1996, al-Badawi kwuru banyere Islam na ụmụ nwanyị dị ka ndị na-emegiderịta onwe ha, ma jụ echiche nke "ndị inyom Alakụba" dị ka ihe na-ekwekọghị na ''taqwa'' (ị nsọpụrụ).<ref name="hale">{{Cite book|author=Hale|first=Sondra|chapter=Sudanese Women in National Service, Militias & the Home|date=2013|editor=Doumato|title=Women and Globalization in the Arab Middle East: Gender, Economy, and Society|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xq0WKr_yFCYC|publisher=Lynne Rienner|pages=207–209|isbn=978-1588261342}}</ref> == Akwụkwọ akụkọ == N'afọ 1956, al-Badawi ghọrọ onye nchịkọta akụkọ mbụ nke ''Al-Manar'' ("The Beacon"), magazin a na-ebipụta kwa izu nke ụlọ ọrụ ụmụ nwanyị nke Muslim Brotherhood bipụtara.<ref name="hds"/> N'afọ sochirinụ, ọ duuru ndị nnọchi anya ụmụ nwanyị Sudanese na France na United Kingdom.<ref name="dab"/> Oge mbụ nke ''Al-Manar'' were ihe na-erughị otu afọ, mana e guzobeghachiri magazin ahụ na 1964 ma kwuo na o nwere mmetụta ụfọdụ na ụmụ nwanyị na-atụ vootu na ntuli aka nke 1965.<ref name="hds" /> N'afọ ndị sochirinụ, al-Badawi mepụtara mmemme telivishọn na redio kwa izu, ma rụọ ọrụ dị ka onye na-ede akwụkwọ akụkọ maka akwụkwọ akụkọ Sudan dị iche iche.<ref name="dab" /> == Hụkwa == * Enweghị nhata nwoke na nwanyị na Sudan == Ihe edeturu == {{Notelist}} == Ebensidee == {{Reflist|30em}}  [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] dpw2dzpiwjf223b78qpvf0gst2fj52c 0 23085 644074 637907 2026-05-30T15:22:38Z Neme244 16387 added DEFAULTSORT 644074 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}   '''Good Emma Louise Powell''' bụ onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị South Africa bụ onye bụ onye omeiwu (MP) maka Democratic Alliance (DA).<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.pa.org.za/person/emma-louise-powell/|title=Emma Louise Powell|author=Town 8001|first=Associated Magazines 21 St Johns Street Cape|work=People's Assembly|language=en|accessdate=2019-12-15}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.parliament.gov.za/person-details/311|title=Ms Emma Louise Powell - Parliament of South Africa|work=www.parliament.gov.za|accessdate=2019-12-15|archivedate=2019-12-13|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20191213032414/https://www.parliament.gov.za/person-details/311}}</ref> A kpọrọ ya aha dị ka osote minista na-ahụ maka ebe obibi mmadụ, mmiri na ịdị ọcha na kọmitii na-ahụ anya nke Mmusi Maimane na June 2019. N'ọnwa Disemba na afọr puku abụọ na iri abụọ , John Steenhuisen họpụtara ya dị ka Minista Nchịkọta nke Ebe obibi Mmadụ.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Mazzone|first=Natasha|date=5 December 2020|title=DA announces new Shadow Cabinet that will bring Real Hope and Real Change|url=https://www.da.org.za/2020/12/da-announces-new-shadow-cabinet-that-will-bring-real-hope-and-real-change|accessdate=5 December 2020|work=Democratic Alliance}}</ref> == Ebenside == <references /> {{DEFAULTSORT:Powell, Emma}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] dvz4od0urhdg1c821bzlbljvtjfko0w 0 23265 644498 143547 2026-05-31T05:52:36Z Nachi kim 20090 Fixed reference error and added {{DEFAULTSORT}} 644498 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Thandi Modise (Amụrụ na 25 Disemba 1959) bụ onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị South Africa na onye bụbu onye na-emegide ịkpa ókè agbụrụ.<ref name="SAHIST">{{Cite web|url=http://www.sahistory.org.za/people/thandi-modise|title=Thandi Modise|publisher=SA History Online|accessdate=23 June 2014}}</ref> Ọ na-eje ozi ugbu a dị ka Minista na-ahụ maka nchekwa na ndị agha. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka Onye isi oche nke National Council of Provinces<ref name="NCOP">{{Cite web|url=http://www.timeslive.co.za/politics/2014/05/22/thandi-modise-elected-national-council-of-provinces-chair|title=Thandi Modise elected National Council of Provinces chair|publisher=TimesLive|date=22 May 2014|accessdate=23 June 2014}}</ref> site n'afọ 2014 ruo afọ 2019 na dị ka Onye Ọkà okwu nke National Assembly of South Africa site n'afọ 2019 ruo afọ 2021. Ọ hapụrụ South Africa n'afọ 1976 iji sonye na African National Congress ma nweta ọzụzụ na Angola. Ọ laghachiri South Africa n'afọ 1978 dị ka onye ọrụ Umkhonto weSizwe.<ref name="SAHIST"/> E jidere ya ma tụọ ya mkpọrọ na 1979, na-aghọ nwanyị mbụ na South Africa a tụrụ ya mkpọrọ maka ọrụ MK.<ref name="SAHIST" /> NSPCA na AfriForum meghere ikpe nke obi ọjọọ anụmanụ megide Modise.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Grobler|first=Riaan|title=NSPCA launches crowdfunding campaign for AfriForum's case against Thandi Modise|url=https://www.news24.com/news24/southafrica/news/nspca-launches-crowdfunding-campaign-for-afriforums-case-against-thandi-modise-20190808|accessdate=23 July 2021|work=News24|language=en-US}}</ref> N'abalị iri atọ n'ọnwa Eprel 2021, Ụlọikpe Ógbè Potchefstroom jụrụ ikpe obi ọjọọ anụmanụ megide ya. Ụlọ ikpe ahụ chọpụtara na enweghị ike ịta Modise ụta maka ihe mere n'ugbo ya nakwa na nwoke ọ goro ka ọ lekọta ugbo ya, kwesịrị ịta ụta maka mpụ ndị e mere.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Potchefstroom|first=Alex Mitchley in|title=Animal cruelty case against Thandi Modise dismissed|url=https://www.news24.com/news24/SouthAfrica/News/just-in-animal-cruelty-case-against-thandi-modise-dismissed-20210430|accessdate=2022-03-16|work=News24|language=en-US}}</ref> == Ebenside == {{DEFAULTSORT:Modise, Thandi}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] bqy79n4a9b8rl8fy4ckfqxckal9b1w2 0 23339 644319 186598 2026-05-30T21:20:32Z Sayvhior 13464 /* Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ */ fixed reference errors 644319 wikitext text/x-wiki   {{Databox}} {{Infobox officeholder|name=Valerie Ebe|office1=Deputy Governor of [[Akwa Ibom State]]|term_start1=3 November 2012|term_end1=29 May 2015|predecessor1=[[Nsima Ekere]]|successor1=[[Moses Ekpo]]|birth_date={{birth date and age|1947|03|26|df=y}}|birth_place=Mkpat Enin, [[Uyo]], [[Akwa Ibom State]], [[Nigeria]]|death_date=|death_place=|party=[[People's Democratic Party (Nigeria)|People's Democratic Party]]|spouse=Mkpisong Maurice Ebe (wid.)|Children=|occupation=Lawyer<br />Politician|education=[[University of Nigeria, Nsukka]], [[University of Uyo]]}} '''Valerie Maurice Ebe'''<ref name="nation">{{Cite news|author=Paul|first=Ukpabio|title=I won my husband’s heart with good meals|url=http://thenationonlineng.net/won-husbands-heart-good-meals/|accessdate=11 March 2018|publisher=The Nation Newspaper|date=19 October 2013}}</ref> {{Audio|Ig-Valerie_Maurice_Ebe.ogg|Audio}} (née Bassey, amụrụ na 26 Machị 1947), bụ onye ọka iwụ n'onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Naijiria bụ nwanyị mbụ osote gọvanọ nke [[Ȯra Akwa Ibom|Akwa Ibom Steeti]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.dailytrust.com.ng/weekly/index.php/new-news/20773-meet-nigeria-s-female-deputy-governors|title=Meet Nigeria’s female deputy governors|author=Offiong|first=Adie Vanessa|date=13 June 2015|work=Daily Trust|accessdate=9 March 2018}}</ref> == Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ == A mụrụ Ebe na 26 Machị 1947 n'aka Edidem Paul Bassey, onye ọchịchị mpaghara nke Etoi Clan. Ọ gara ụlọ akwụkwọ praịmarị Holy Child, Calabar ma nabata ya na Holy Child Secondary School, [[Calabar]] na 1957 maka agụmakwụkwọ ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị ya. O mechara zụọ ịbụ onye nkuzi na Holy Child Teacher Training College, Ifuho. O gụrụ akụkọ ihe mere eme na nkà mmụta ihe ochie na [[University of Nigeria|Mahadum]] Naịjịrịa, Nsukka ma mesịa mụọ iwu na [[Mahadum nke Uyo|Mahadim]] Uyo . A nabatara ya dị ka onye ọka iwu na onye ọka iwu nke Ụlọikpe Kasị Elu nke Naịjirịa na 1998.<ref name="nation" /> == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 0c8kx2dklvfawq8wbbngtjfu5jwlyqm 0 23498 644377 139993 2026-05-30T22:15:06Z Sayvhior 13464 Fixed reference errors 644377 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Vera Tembo''' (amụrụ na Julaị 25, na afo 1953) bụ onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Zambia na [[Zambia|onye]] otu Movement for Multi-Party Democracy (MMD). Ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka First Lady nke Zambia site na afo 1991 ruo mgbe ya na di mbụ ya, President Frederick Chiluba, kewara na afo 2001. N'afọ 2006, ọ laghachiri na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị site n'ịbụ onye a họpụtara na National Assembly of Zambia site na mpaghara Kasenengwa.<ref name="bbc" /> == Akụkọ ndụ == Tembo lụrụ Frederick Chiluba, onye ya na ya nwere ụmụ itoolu, ruo afọ iri atọ na atọ, ruo mgbe ọ kwupụtara nkewa ha n'afọ 2000.<ref name="iol">{{Cite news|first=Obert|author=Simwanza|title=Zambia's ex-president Chiluba dies|url=http://www.iol.co.za/news/africa/zambias-ex-president-chiluba-dies-1084985|work=[[Independent Online (South Africa)]]|date=2011-06-18|accessdate=2016-08-28}}</ref> Chiluba ghọrọ onye isi ala Zambia na 1991, na-eme ka Tembo bụrụ nwanyị mbụ nke mba ahụ site na afo 1991 ruo mgbe ha gbara alụkwaghịm.<ref name="bbc">{{Cite news|title=Divorce for Zambia's first couple|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/1562488.stm|work=[[BBC News]]|date=2001-09-25|accessdate=2016-08-28}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/1562488.stm "Divorce for Zambia's first couple"]. ''[[Akụkọ BBC|BBC News]]''. 2001-09-25<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-08-28</span></span>.</cite></ref> Tembo hapụrụ State House, ebe obibi onye isi ala, n'oge na-adịghị anya mgbe Chiluba kwupụtara ọkwa wee soro ezinụlọ ya biri na Ndola.<ref name="bbc" /> Ịgba alụkwaghịm ha ghọrọ nke ikpeazụ na Septemba 25, na afo 2001, mgbe ụlọ ikpe dị na Ndola nyere ikike ka a kagbuo ya mgbe afọ iri atọ na atọ nke alụmdi na nwunye gasịrị.<ref name="bbc" /> Vera Tembo kọwara ọnọdụ nkewa ya na ịgba alụkwaghịm ya na Chiluba dị ka "ihe ihere".<ref name="bbc">{{Cite news|title=Divorce for Zambia's first couple|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/1562488.stm|work=[[BBC News]]|date=2001-09-25|accessdate=2016-08-28}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/1562488.stm "Divorce for Zambia's first couple"]. ''[[Akụkọ BBC|BBC News]]''. 2001-09-25<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-08-28</span></span>.</cite></ref> O mere mkpọsa n'oge ntuli aka nke afọ 2001 site n'ịgba ụmụ nwanyị Zambia ume ka ha gbaa vootu na ntuli aka ahụ.<ref name="bbc" /> O gosikwara ebumnuche ya ịbanye na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị.<ref name="bbc" /> Chiluba hapụrụ ọrụ na Disemba na afo 2001 mgbe ọ na-enwetaghị nkwado maka oge nke atọ nke onye isi ala, nke iwu obodo machibidoro iwu.<ref name="bbc2">{{Cite news|title=Zambia ex first lady to get state aid|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/1967452.stm|work=[[BBC News]]|date=2002-05-03|accessdate=2016-08-28}}</ref> Onye bụbu onye isi ala Frederick Chiluba lụrụ enyi ya nwanyị, Regina Mwanza, n'afọ 2002, ọnwa ole na ole mgbe ịgba alụkwaghịm ya na Tembo kwụsịrị. Ka ọ na-erule mmalite afọ 2002, akwụkwọ akụkọ Zambia kọrọ na Tembo nọ na ịda ogbenye mgbe Chiluba kwuru na ọ kwụsịrị akaụntụ ụlọ akụ ya.<ref name="bbc2">{{Cite news|title=Zambia ex first lady to get state aid|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/1967452.stm|work=[[BBC News]]|date=2002-05-03|accessdate=2016-08-28}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/1967452.stm "Zambia ex first lady to get state aid"]. ''[[Akụkọ BBC|BBC News]]''. 2002-05-03<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-08-28</span></span>.</cite></ref> O tinyere akwụkwọ $ 2.5 US dollar megide Chiluba dị ka akụkụ nke nkwekọrịta ịgba alụkwaghịm.<ref name="bbc2" /><ref name="bbc3">{{Cite news|title=Zambia ex first lady to get state aid|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/1967452.stm|work=[[BBC News]]|date=2002-05-03|accessdate=2016-08-27}}</ref> Gọọmentị Zambia nyere Tembo enyemaka ego na Mee na afo 2002 mgbe o depụtara ihe onwunwe ya n'ahịa.<ref name="bbc2" /> N'afọ 2006, Tembo gbara ọsọ maka oche Kasenengwa na Zambia dị ka onye otu Movement for Multi-Party Democracy (MMD). Ọ meriri ntuli aka ahụ wee bụrụ nwanyị mbụ nọchitere anya Kasenengwa, oche ime obodo n'ụlọ ya bụ Eastern Province, na National Assembly.<ref name="afrol">{{Cite news|title=From divorced First Lady to Zambian Minister|url=http://www.afrol.com/articles/22033|work=[[afrol]]|date=2006-10-18|accessdate=2016-08-28}}</ref> N'ọnwa Ọktoba afọ 2006, obere oge ka ntuli aka ahụ gasịrị, Onye isi ala Levy Mwanawasa họpụtara Tembo dị ka osote minista na-ahụ maka njem nleta, gburugburu ebe obibi na akụrụngwa n'ime ụlọ ọrụ ya.<ref name="ppress">{{Cite news|title=Mwanawasa names predecessor's ex-wife as deputy minister|url=http://www.panapress.com/Mwanawasa-names-predecessor-s-ex-wife-as-deputy-minister--13-478748-18-lang2-index.html|work=[[PanaPress]]|date=2006-10-09|accessdate=2016-08-28}}</ref><ref name="sardc">{{Cite news|title=Only five women ministers in Zambia's new cabinet|url=http://www.sardc.net/en/southern-african-news-features/only-five-women-ministers-in-zambias-new-cabinet/|work=Southern African Research and Documentation Centre (SARDC)|date=October 2006|accessdate=2016-08-28}}</ref> Vera Tembo, onye onye onye nọchiri Mwanawasa, Onye isi ala Rupiah Banda, họpụtara ọzọ dị ka osote minista, nwere ọfịs minista site na 2006 ruo na afo 2011, mgbe ọ hapụrụ Nzukọ Mba. N'afọ 2010, Tembo lekọtara ịkwaga anụ rhinoceroses ojii na North Luangwa National Park na mpaghara okike ndị ọzọ nke Zambia, na-ekwu na mmemme ahụ bụ ihe na-akwalite ma gburugburu ebe obibi mba ahụ na ụlọ ọrụ njem nleta.<ref name="acf">{{Cite news|title=Zambia: Govt Receives More Black Rhinos|url=http://www.africanconservation.org/wildlife-news/zambia-govt-receives-more-black-rhinos-2|work=[[African Conservation Foundation]]|date=2010-05-28|accessdate=2016-08-28}}</ref> Na Machị na afo 2015, Vera Tembo kwupụtara na ọ ghọwo onye ụkọchukwu Ndị Kraịst ma guzobe chọọchị ọhụrụ a na-akpọ Healing International Ministry.<ref name="ltimes">{{Cite news|title=Vera Chiluba becomes a Pastor and forms Healing International Ministry|url=https://www.lusakatimes.com/2015/03/03/vera-chiluba-becomes-pastor-forms-healing-international-ministry/|work=[[Lusaka Times]]|date=2015-03-03|accessdate=2016-08-28}}</ref> == Ebemsidee == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 0nutpwmda64iwco02zlvqtt4auga1h0 644378 644377 2026-05-30T22:16:04Z Sayvhior 13464 /* Akụkọ ndụ */ 644378 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Vera Tembo''' (amụrụ na Julaị 25, na afo 1953) bụ onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Zambia na [[Zambia|onye]] otu Movement for Multi-Party Democracy (MMD). Ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka First Lady nke Zambia site na afo 1991 ruo mgbe ya na di mbụ ya, President Frederick Chiluba, kewara na afo 2001. N'afọ 2006, ọ laghachiri na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị site n'ịbụ onye a họpụtara na National Assembly of Zambia site na mpaghara Kasenengwa.<ref name="bbc" /> == Akụkọ ndụ == Tembo lụrụ Frederick Chiluba, onye ya na ya nwere ụmụ itoolu, ruo afọ iri atọ na atọ, ruo mgbe ọ kwupụtara nkewa ha n'afọ 2000.<ref name="iol">{{Cite news|first=Obert|author=Simwanza|title=Zambia's ex-president Chiluba dies|url=http://www.iol.co.za/news/africa/zambias-ex-president-chiluba-dies-1084985|work=[[Independent Online (South Africa)]]|date=2011-06-18|accessdate=2016-08-28}}</ref> Chiluba ghọrọ onye isi ala Zambia na 1991, na-eme ka Tembo bụrụ nwanyị mbụ nke mba ahụ site na afo 1991 ruo mgbe ha gbara alụkwaghịm.<ref name="bbc">{{Cite news|title=Divorce for Zambia's first couple|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/1562488.stm|work=[[BBC News]]|date=2001-09-25|accessdate=2016-08-28}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/1562488.stm "Divorce for Zambia's first couple"]. ''[[Akụkọ BBC|BBC News]]''. 2001-09-25<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-08-28</span></span>.</cite></ref> Tembo hapụrụ State House, ebe obibi onye isi ala, n'oge na-adịghị anya mgbe Chiluba kwupụtara ọkwa wee soro ezinụlọ ya biri na Ndola.<ref name="bbc" /> Ịgba alụkwaghịm ha ghọrọ nke ikpeazụ na Septemba 25, na afo 2001, mgbe ụlọ ikpe dị na Ndola nyere ikike ka a kagbuo ya mgbe afọ iri atọ na atọ nke alụmdi na nwunye gasịrị.<ref name="bbc" /> Vera Tembo kọwara ọnọdụ nkewa ya na ịgba alụkwaghịm ya na Chiluba dị ka "ihe ihere".<ref name="bbc">{{Cite news|title=Divorce for Zambia's first couple|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/1562488.stm|work=[[BBC News]]|date=2001-09-25|accessdate=2016-08-28}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/1562488.stm "Divorce for Zambia's first couple"]. ''[[Akụkọ BBC|BBC News]]''. 2001-09-25<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-08-28</span></span>.</cite></ref> O mere mkpọsa n'oge ntuli aka nke afọ 2001 site n'ịgba ụmụ nwanyị Zambia ume ka ha gbaa vootu na ntuli aka ahụ.<ref name="bbc" /> O gosikwara ebumnuche ya ịbanye na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị.<ref name="bbc" /> Chiluba hapụrụ ọrụ na Disemba na afo 2001 mgbe ọ na-enwetaghị nkwado maka oge nke atọ nke onye isi ala, nke iwu obodo machibidoro iwu.<ref name="bbc2" /> Onye bụbu onye isi ala Frederick Chiluba lụrụ enyi ya nwanyị, Regina Mwanza, n'afọ 2002, ọnwa ole na ole mgbe ịgba alụkwaghịm ya na Tembo kwụsịrị. Ka ọ na-erule mmalite afọ 2002, akwụkwọ akụkọ Zambia kọrọ na Tembo nọ na ịda ogbenye mgbe Chiluba kwuru na ọ kwụsịrị akaụntụ ụlọ akụ ya.<ref name="bbc2">{{Cite news|title=Zambia ex first lady to get state aid|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/1967452.stm|work=[[BBC News]]|date=2002-05-03|accessdate=2016-08-28}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/1967452.stm "Zambia ex first lady to get state aid"]. ''[[Akụkọ BBC|BBC News]]''. 2002-05-03<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-08-28</span></span>.</cite></ref> O tinyere akwụkwọ $ 2.5 US dollar megide Chiluba dị ka akụkụ nke nkwekọrịta ịgba alụkwaghịm.<ref name="bbc2" /><ref name="bbc3">{{Cite news|title=Zambia ex first lady to get state aid|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/1967452.stm|work=[[BBC News]]|date=2002-05-03|accessdate=2016-08-27}}</ref> Gọọmentị Zambia nyere Tembo enyemaka ego na Mee na afo 2002 mgbe o depụtara ihe onwunwe ya n'ahịa.<ref name="bbc2" /> N'afọ 2006, Tembo gbara ọsọ maka oche Kasenengwa na Zambia dị ka onye otu Movement for Multi-Party Democracy (MMD). Ọ meriri ntuli aka ahụ wee bụrụ nwanyị mbụ nọchitere anya Kasenengwa, oche ime obodo n'ụlọ ya bụ Eastern Province, na National Assembly.<ref name="afrol">{{Cite news|title=From divorced First Lady to Zambian Minister|url=http://www.afrol.com/articles/22033|work=[[afrol]]|date=2006-10-18|accessdate=2016-08-28}}</ref> N'ọnwa Ọktoba afọ 2006, obere oge ka ntuli aka ahụ gasịrị, Onye isi ala Levy Mwanawasa họpụtara Tembo dị ka osote minista na-ahụ maka njem nleta, gburugburu ebe obibi na akụrụngwa n'ime ụlọ ọrụ ya.<ref name="ppress">{{Cite news|title=Mwanawasa names predecessor's ex-wife as deputy minister|url=http://www.panapress.com/Mwanawasa-names-predecessor-s-ex-wife-as-deputy-minister--13-478748-18-lang2-index.html|work=[[PanaPress]]|date=2006-10-09|accessdate=2016-08-28}}</ref><ref name="sardc">{{Cite news|title=Only five women ministers in Zambia's new cabinet|url=http://www.sardc.net/en/southern-african-news-features/only-five-women-ministers-in-zambias-new-cabinet/|work=Southern African Research and Documentation Centre (SARDC)|date=October 2006|accessdate=2016-08-28}}</ref> Vera Tembo, onye onye onye nọchiri Mwanawasa, Onye isi ala Rupiah Banda, họpụtara ọzọ dị ka osote minista, nwere ọfịs minista site na 2006 ruo na afo 2011, mgbe ọ hapụrụ Nzukọ Mba. N'afọ 2010, Tembo lekọtara ịkwaga anụ rhinoceroses ojii na North Luangwa National Park na mpaghara okike ndị ọzọ nke Zambia, na-ekwu na mmemme ahụ bụ ihe na-akwalite ma gburugburu ebe obibi mba ahụ na ụlọ ọrụ njem nleta.<ref name="acf">{{Cite news|title=Zambia: Govt Receives More Black Rhinos|url=http://www.africanconservation.org/wildlife-news/zambia-govt-receives-more-black-rhinos-2|work=[[African Conservation Foundation]]|date=2010-05-28|accessdate=2016-08-28}}</ref> Na Machị na afo 2015, Vera Tembo kwupụtara na ọ ghọwo onye ụkọchukwu Ndị Kraịst ma guzobe chọọchị ọhụrụ a na-akpọ Healing International Ministry.<ref name="ltimes">{{Cite news|title=Vera Chiluba becomes a Pastor and forms Healing International Ministry|url=https://www.lusakatimes.com/2015/03/03/vera-chiluba-becomes-pastor-forms-healing-international-ministry/|work=[[Lusaka Times]]|date=2015-03-03|accessdate=2016-08-28}}</ref> == Ebemsidee == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] joirj5gc2xkz19vp6tjis1n1r4mq0s0 0 23528 644364 102890 2026-05-30T22:03:49Z Sayvhior 13464 /* Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ */ 644364 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Veliswa Mvenya''' (amụrụ na 8 Machị na afọ 1969) bụ onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị South Africa bụ onye isi guzobere Batho Pele Movement, otu o guzobere na Juun, na afọ 2021 mgbe ọ hapụsịrị African Transformation Movement . Onye bụbu onye nkuzi mgbakọ na mwepụ, Mvenya sonyeere Democratic Alliance na afọ 2000 ma jee ozi dị ka onye kansụl DA na Amathole District Municipality ruo na afy 2004 mgbe a họpụtara ya na Eastern Cape Provincial Legislature dị ka onye nnọchi anya DA. A họpụtara ya ọzọ na afọ 2009 na afọ 2014. N'afọ 2014, a họpụtara ya dị ka onye isi oche mpaghara nke DA na Eastern Cape. Mvenya nọ n'ọkwa ahụ ruo mgbe ọ gbara arụkwaghịm na Mee na afọ 2016. Ọ gbara arụkwaghịm na DA na Mee, na afọ 2018 wee sonye na ATM na Septemba, na afọ 2018. Mvenya bụ onye isi ndọrọndọrọ ọchịchị maka ntuli aka Mee, na afọ 2019. Na ntuli aka ahụ, a họpụtara ya dị ka onye nnọchi anya ATM na ndị omeiwu. Na Juun, na afọ 2021, ọ gbara arụkwaghịm na ATM wee guzobe Batho Pele Movement. == Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ == A mụrụ Mvenya na 8 Machị 1969. Ọ bụ otu n'ime ụmụ atọ nne naanị ya mụrụ.<ref name="DL" /> Ọ gara ụlọ akwụkwọ praịmarị Ntseshe ma mesịa gaa ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị Colosha Senior ebe ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ.<ref name="DL" /> Mvenya nwetara diplọma onye nkuzi yana diplọma na nchịkwa ọha.<ref name="DL" /> == Ọrụ nkuzi == Mvenya malitere ọrụ nkuzi ya na 1991. Ọ kụziri mgbakọ na mwepụ na Ntlahlane Junior Secondary School ruo n'afọ 1993.<ref name="DL">{{Cite news|author=Macanda|first=Siphe|title=New DA chair's star keeps rising|url=https://www.dispatchlive.co.za/news/2014-11-05-new-da-chairs-star-keeps-rising/|accessdate=4 October 2020|work=DispatchLIVE|date=5 November 2014}}</ref> Site na 1993 ruo 2004, ọ bụ onye nkuzi na Mavata Junior Secondary School.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Veliswa Mvenya|url=https://www.dabhisho.org.za/the-team/veliswa-mvenya/|work=DABhisho|accessdate=4 October 2020}}</ref> == Ọrụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị == Mvenya sonyeere Democratic Party na 2000, n'otu afọ ahụ DP jikọtara ya na New National Party na Federal Alliance iji guzobe Democratic Alliance.<ref name="DL">{{Cite news|author=Macanda|first=Siphe|title=New DA chair's star keeps rising|url=https://www.dispatchlive.co.za/news/2014-11-05-new-da-chairs-star-keeps-rising/|accessdate=4 October 2020|work=DispatchLIVE|date=5 November 2014}}</ref> N'ọnwa Disemba nke otu afọ ahụ, a họpụtara ya dị ka onye kansụl nke Amathole District Municipality.<ref name="TH">{{Cite news|title=Vying for top spot|url=https://www.pressreader.com/south-africa/the-herald-south-africa/20170504/282157881151796|accessdate=4 October 2020|date=4 May 2017}}</ref> Ọ rụrụ ọrụ na kansụl ahụ ruo mgbe a họpụtara ya na ndị omeiwu nke Eastern Cape Provincial na 2004.<ref name="DL" /> A họpụtara ya ọzọ dị ka onye MPL na 2009. N'afọ 2012, a họpụtara Mvenya ka ọ bụrụ osote onye isi mpaghara nke DA.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Van Vuuren|first=Edmund|title=Athol Trollip re-elected ECape DA leader|url=https://www.politicsweb.co.za/documents/athol-trollip-reelected-ecape-da-leader|accessdate=4 October 2020|work=Politicsweb|date=1 April 2012}}</ref> Ọ bụbu onye isi oche mpaghara na nke mba nke Women's Network nke pati ahụ.<ref name="DL">{{Cite news|author=Macanda|first=Siphe|title=New DA chair's star keeps rising|url=https://www.dispatchlive.co.za/news/2014-11-05-new-da-chairs-star-keeps-rising/|accessdate=4 October 2020|work=DispatchLIVE|date=5 November 2014}}</ref> Mgbe ntuli aka mpaghara na Mee 2014, ọ laghachiri na ndị omeiwu maka oge ọzọ dị ka DA MPL.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Nini|first=Asanda|title=DA's whips and shadows named|url=https://www.pressreader.com/south-africa/daily-dispatch/20140614/281586648667041|accessdate=4 October 2020|work=Daily Dispatch|date=14 June 2014}}</ref> A họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ onye isi oche mpaghara nke DA na Nọvemba nke otu afọ ahụ.<ref name="DL" /> Ọ nọ n'ọkwa ahụ ruo mgbe ọ gbara arụkwaghịm na Mee 2016 n'ihi esemokwu n'ime pati ahụ na Eastern Cape na mmekọrịta ọjọọ ya na onye isi mpaghara Athol Trollip.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Ford|first=Simthandile|title=DA sent into tailspin over shock Eastern Cape resignation|url=https://www.businesslive.co.za/rdm/politics/2016-05-19-da-sent-into-tailspin-over-shock-eastern-cape-resignation/|accessdate=28 June 2021|date=19 May 2016}}</ref> N'ọnwa Mee afọ 2017, Mvenya gbara ọsọ maka onye isi mpaghara nke pati ahụ mana Nqaba Bhanga meriri ya. Andrew Whitfield nọchiri ya dị ka onye isi oche mpaghara.<ref name="TH">{{Cite news|title=Vying for top spot|url=https://www.pressreader.com/south-africa/the-herald-south-africa/20170504/282157881151796|accessdate=4 October 2020|date=4 May 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|author=Isaac|first=Johnnie|title=Nqaba Bhanga is the DA's new Eastern Cape leader – but misses his own election|url=https://www.timeslive.co.za/politics/2017-05-06-nqaba-bhanga-is-the-das-new-eastern-cape-leader--but-misses-his-own-election/|accessdate=4 October 2020|work=TimesLIVE|date=6 May 2017}}</ref> N'ọnwa Mee afọ 2018, ọ gbara arụkwaghịm na DA ma kwụsị ịbụ onye otu ndị omeiwu mpaghara.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Spies|first=Derrick|title=Eastern Cape MPL Veliswa Mvenya quits DA|url=https://www.news24.com/news24/southafrica/news/eastern-cape-mpl-veliswa-mvenya-quits-da-20180518|accessdate=4 October 2020|work=News24|date=18 May 2018}}</ref> Ọ sonyeere African Transformation Movement nke e guzobere ọhụrụ na Septemba.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Ford|first=Simthandile|title=Mvenya joins new party after dumping DA|url=https://www.dispatchlive.co.za/news/2018-09-24-mvenya-joins-new-party-after-dumping-da/|accessdate=4 October 2020|date=24 September 2018}}</ref> Mgbe ntuli aka mpaghara na Mee 2019, Mvenya laghachiri na ndị omeiwu dị ka naanị onye nnọchi anya pati ahụ.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Macanda|first=Siphe|title=ATM to build on Eastern Cape foundation|url=https://www.dispatchlive.co.za/politics/2019-05-15-atm-to-build-on-eastern-cape-foundation/|accessdate=4 October 2020|work=DispatchLIVE|date=15 May 2019}}</ref> Na June 2021, ọ gbara arụkwaghịm na ATM wee guzobe Batho Pele Movement, 'otu na-abụghị nke isi' nke na-elekwasị anya na nnyefe ọrụ. Ndị otu ahụ ga-asọ mpi na ntuli aka ime obodo nke afọ 2021.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Bonani|first=Andisa|title=Mvenya launches non-hierarchical party to focus on service delivery|url=https://www.dispatchlive.co.za/politics/2021-06-02-mvenya-launches-non-hierarchical-party-to-focus-on-service-delivery/|accessdate=28 June 2021|date=2 June 2021}}</ref> == Ndụ onwe onye == Mvenya alụghị di. O nwere ụmụ abụọ.<ref name="DL">{{Cite news|author=Macanda|first=Siphe|title=New DA chair's star keeps rising|url=https://www.dispatchlive.co.za/news/2014-11-05-new-da-chairs-star-keeps-rising/|accessdate=4 October 2020|work=DispatchLIVE|date=5 November 2014}}</ref> == Ihe odide == <references group="" responsive="1"></references> == Njikọ mpụga == * Ms Veliswa Mvenya at People's Assembly [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Ọmụmụ afọ 1969]] 5lhmlm2yvl6gq452kzqm6wdrw8ln8yz 0 23776 644593 186399 2026-05-31T09:52:43Z ~2026-32314-82 62081 Fixed reference errors 644593 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} {| class="infobox biography vcard" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;" |<div class="fn" style="display:inline">Tracy Ifeachor</div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Born | class="infobox-data" |<div class="nickname" style="display:inline">Chinwe Tracy Ifeachor</div><br /><br /><br /><br /><div class="birthplace" style="display:inline">[[Plymouth]], [[Devon]], [[England]]</div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Occupation | class="infobox-data role" |Actress |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Years&nbsp;active | class="infobox-data" |2007–present |} [[Category:Articles with hCards]] '''Tracy Ifeachor''' {{Audio|Ig-Tracy Ifeachor.ogg|Audio}} bụ onye na-eme ihe nkiri na telivishọn na ihe nkiri nke Britain nke a maara nke ọma maka ịrụ ọrụ Aya Al-Rashid na usoro CW vampire The Originals na Abigail Naismith n'akụkụ abụọ nke Doctor Who Christmas special, "The End of Time". == Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ == A mụrụ Ifeachor na Plymouth, Devon, England, ebe ọ gara ụlọ akwụkwọ nkwadebe nke Plymouth College sochiri ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị Eggbuckland College, kwa na Plymus.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Tracy Ifeachor {{!}} BBA Shakespeare|url=https://bbashakespeare.warwick.ac.uk/people/tracy-ifeachor|accessdate=2021-11-07|work=bbashakespeare.warwick.ac.uk}}</ref> Ifeachor gara The Raleigh School of Speech and Drama n'okpuru nkuzi nke Norma Blake na Deborah Bond Dance academy, ebe ọ na-enwe mmasị na ISTD syllabus na tap, ballet, nke oge a na jazz.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/local/devon/hi/people_and_places/arts_and_culture/newsid_8428000/8428200.stm|title=Who's that girl?|date=23 December 2009|publisher=|accessdate=16 February 2019}}</ref> Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ A-levels ya, Ifeachor jiri afọ ọdịiche ya mee ihe maka ụlọ akwụkwọ ihe nkiri nke London wee nweta agụmakwụkwọ na Royal Central School of Speech & Drama na London.<ref name="thisisnorthdevon.co.uk" /> == Ọrụ == Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Central School of Speech and Drama, Ifeachor pụtara na ihe nkiri mbụ ya, Blooded, nke onye mmeri Sundance Film Festival bụ Ed Boase duziri ma pụta na mgbasa ozi abụọ. Ifeachor wee gaa n'ihu mee ''ịhe'' nkiri mbụ ya dị ka Minerva na mmepụta nke Noughts & Crosses nke Royal Shakespeare Companys, nke Dominic Cooke duziri ma gbanwee. Ọ bụ n'ebe a ka o mere ịhe nkiri izizi ya na telivishọn dị ka Leila na "No Going Back" nke BBC One's Casualty . Ifeachor gara n'ihu na-egwu Rosalind na Tim Suppleńs As You Like It maka mmeghe nke ụlọ ihe nkiri Curve ọhụrụ na Leicester. Ka ọ na-emegharị, e nyere Ifeachor ọrụ Abigail Naismith na ihe omume Doctor Who abụọ ikpeazụ nke David Tennantã ("The End Of Time" Parts One and Two) nke a na-agbasa na ekere sị mesị 2009 na n'ụbọchị Afọ Ọhụrụ 2010.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.therichardstonepartnership.co.uk/artist-details/tracy_ifeachor/|title=therichardstonepartnership.co.uk|work=www.therichardstonepartnership.co.uk|accessdate=30 October 2017}}</ref> Ọ na-eme ka nwa nwanyị nke onye ọgaranya Joshua Naismith (David Harewood) onye chọrọ ka nwa ya nwanyị nwee anwụghị anwụ ma dịrị ndụ ruo mgbe ebighị ebi.<ref name="thisisnorthdevon.co.uk">{{Cite web|url=http://www.thisisnorthdevon.co.uk/regionalnews/Tracy-stars-David-Tennant-s-final-Doctor-episodes/article-1637070-detail/article.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20091226181830/http://www.thisisnorthdevon.co.uk/regionalnews/Tracy-stars-David-Tennant-s-final-Doctor-episodes/article-1637070-detail/article.html|archivedate=26 December 2009|title=Tracy Ifeachor, actress- Doctor Who – David Tennant – Western Morning News|publisher=|accessdate=30 October 2017}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://web.archive.org/web/20091226181830/http://www.thisisnorthdevon.co.uk/regionalnews/Tracy-stars-David-Tennant-s-final-Doctor-episodes/article-1637070-detail/article.html "Tracy Ifeachor, actress- Doctor Who – David Tennant – Western Morning News"]. Archived from [http://www.thisisnorthdevon.co.uk/regionalnews/Tracy-stars-David-Tennant-s-final-Doctor-episodes/article-1637070-detail/article.html the original] on 26 December 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 October</span> 2017</span>.</cite></ref> Ifeachor rụrụ ọrụ Beneatha na Lorraine Hansberryás A Raisin In The Sun, nke Michael Buffong duziri maka Royal Exchange Theatre na Manchester nke meghere maka nyocha dị egwu. O mekwara Ismene na The National Theatre na mbido nke egwuregwu Moira Buffini Welcome to Thebes, nke Richard Eyre duziri site na 15 June ruo Septemba 2010.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.officiallondontheatre.co.uk/news/latest/view/item110188/NT-welcomes-Harewood-to-Thebes/|title=Official London Theatre|publisher=|accessdate=30 October 2017}}</ref> Ọrụ redio Ifeachor gụnyere ọrụ Queenie na 2011 BBC Radio 4 Classic Serial production of Edna Ferber's Show Boat. N'afọ 2016, a tụbara Ifeachor na usoro ihe nkiri ABC ''Quantico'' na ọrụ Lydia Hall.<ref name="double casting">{{Cite web|url=http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/live-feed/quantico-season-2-recurring-cast-911892|title='Quantico' Taps 'The Originals,' 'Criminal Minds' Alums for Recurring Roles (Exclusive)|work=The Hollywood Reporter|author=Stanhope|first=Kate|date=July 19, 2016|accessdate=19 July 2016}}</ref> == Ihe nkiri == {| class="wikitable" |+Isi ihe | style="background:#FFFFCC;" | |Ọ na-egosi ọrụ ndị a na-ewepụtabeghị |} {| class="wikitable" ! colspan="4" style="background:lightsteelblue;" |Ihe nkiri |- !Afọ !Ihe nkiri !Ọrụ !Ihe edeturu |- |2011 |Blooded |Iv |Ihe nkiri |- |- |2016 |Billionaire ransom |Nora Paulson |Aha mbụ ya bụ Take Down |- |2023 | style="background:#FFFFCC;" |''Wonka'' | |Ihe nkiri |- ! colspan="4" style="background:lightsteelblue;" |Telivishọn |- !Afọ !Aha ya !Ọrụ !Ihe edeturu |- |- |2009 |Casualty |Leila |1 ihe omume: "No Going Back" |- |2009 |Doctor who |Abigail Naismith |2 ihe omume: "Ọgwụgwụ Oge (Akụkụ 1 & 2)" |- |2012 |Strike back |Lilian Lutulu |Ihe omume abụọ: "Ihe omume 7 & 8" |- |2013 |''Jo'' |Laure |1 ihe omume: "Ndị nwere nkwarụ" |- |2014 |Crossbones |Nenna Ajanlekoko |Usoro ihe omume, ihe omume 9 |- |2014 |Hawaii five-0 |Eris |1 ihe omume: "Ina Paha" |- |2015 2016 |the originals |Aya Al-Rashid |Ọrụ a na-eme ugboro ugboro, ihe omume 9 |- |20162017 |''Quantico'' |Lydia Hall |Ọrụ a na-arụ ugboro ugboro |- |2017 2018 |Legends of tomorrow |Kuasa Jiwe |Ọrụ a na-eme ugboro ugboro; ihe omume 7 |- |2019 |Treadstone |Tara Coleman |Ọrụ bụ isi |- |2021 |Showtrial |Cleo Roberts |Ọrụ bụ isi |} == Ihe odide == {{Reflist|2}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 5kxw7ubcs25lc5mop7rggcxwrs22h00 0 23786 644073 213306 2026-05-30T15:19:31Z Neme244 16387 added DEFAULTSORT 644073 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Category:Articles with hCards]] {{Databox}} A mụrụ '''Emma Chukwugoziam Obi''' listen na July 18, 1988.{{Audio|Ig-Emma Chukwugoziam Obi.ogg|listen}}<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://thenet.ng/2013/07/photos-surprise-birthday-party-for-iyanya-protegee-emma-nyra/|title=PHOTOS: Surprise birthday party for Iyanya protegee Emma Nyra|work=[[Nigerian Entertainment Today]]|author=Omigie|first=Abiodun|date=July 21, 2013|accessdate=May 28, 2016}}</ref> A maara ya nke ọma site na aha egwu ya dị ka '''Emma Nyra''' . Ọ bụ onye na-agụ egwu Naijirịa, onye na-ede egwu, onye na'eme ihe nkiri, na onye na-ese ihe nlereanya.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.vanguardngr.com/2014/12/wore-wore-channel-o-award-emma-nyra/|title=Why I wore what I wore at Channel O award – Emma Nyra|work=[[Vanguard (Nigeria)|Vanguard Newspaper]]|date=December 6, 2014|accessdate=May 28, 2016}}</ref> '''Emma Nyra''' bụ nne ụmụ abụọ. Ndị mmekọ́ ya gụnyere [[Iyanya]], Selebobo, [[Davido]], [[Cynthia Morgan]], Victoria Kimani, na Patoranking. == Oge ọ malitere == A mụrụ Emma Nyra ma zụlite ya na Tyler, Texas, ebe ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ n'oge ọ bụ nwata. Ọ bụ onye [[Ndị Ìgbò|Igbo]] si [[Ȯra Delta|Delta]] Steetị, Naijirịa. N'afọ 2012, ọ hapụrụ Naijirịa iji chụsoo ọrụ na egwu na ime ihe ngosi. == Agụmakwụkwọ == Ọ bụ onye gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Mahadum Texas Southern, ebe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ nwere akara ugo mmụta na Health Care Administration.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://pulse.ng/hotpulse/hot-like-fire-emma-nyras-love-for-cleavage-exposure-id3238976.html|title=Hot Like Fire:Emma Nyra's Love For Cleavage Exposure|work=Pulse Nigeria|author=Wha'anda|first=Sam|date=October 31, 2014|accessdate=May 28, 2016}}</ref> == Ọrụ == === Egwú === Emma Nyra wepụtara egwu izizi ya akpọrọ "Do It" na "Everything I Do" na 2011 mgbe ọ nọ na US Mgbe ọ laghachiri Naijirịa na 2012, ọ malitere iso D'Tunes na [[Iyanya]] na-arụ ọrụ na 2010 mgbe ọ nọ n'US. Na Machị 2012, ọ bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta ndekọ na Made Men Music Group tupu ọ gaa n'ihu mee nke mbụ ya na ụlọ ọrụ egwu Naịjiria. Mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, ọ pụtara n'olu na "Ur Waist" nke Iyanya.<ref name="bella" /> N'afọ 2013, a họpụtara Emma Nyra dị ka "Most Promising Act to Watch" na mbipụta 2013 nke Nigeria Entertainment Awards.<ref name="bell" /> Emma Nyra gara n'ihu wepụta ọtụtụ egwu nke mere ka ọ gaa njem na United States na Canada n'etiti afọ 2013 na 2014.<ref name="bella">{{Cite news|url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2012/12/bn-bytes-catching-up-with-emma-nyra-rising-music-star-dishes-on-relocating-to-nigeria-her-record-deal-ur-waist/|title=Catching Up With Emma Nyra! Rising Music Star dishes on Relocating to Nigeria, her Record Deal & "Ur Waist"|author=Adeola Adeyemo|work=[[BellaNaija]]|date=December 30, 2012|accessdate=May 28, 2016}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFAdeola_Adeyemo2012">Adeola Adeyemo (December 30, 2012). [https://www.bellanaija.com/2012/12/bn-bytes-catching-up-with-emma-nyra-rising-music-star-dishes-on-relocating-to-nigeria-her-record-deal-ur-waist/ "Catching Up With Emma Nyra! Rising Music Star dishes on Relocating to Nigeria, her Record Deal & "Ur Waist""]. ''[[BellaNaija]]''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 28,</span> 2016</span>.</cite></ref> Ya na ndị dị ka [[Davido]], Patoranking, na Olu Maintain na ndị ọzọ arụkọwo ọrụ. N'afọ 2015, edepụtara Emma Nyra na ndepụta "notJustOk's" nke ndị omenkà 15 a ga-ele anya na 2015.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://notjustok.com/2015/01/21/15-artists-watch-2015/|title=15 Artists to Watch in 2015|work=notJustOk|author=Demola OG|date=January 21, 2015|accessdate=May 28, 2016}}</ref> A ka ga-ewepụta abọm studio mbụ ya nke akpọrọ Emma Nyra Hot Like Fiya Vol. 1.<ref name="nation">{{Cite news|url=http://thenationonlineng.net/emma-nyra-takes-on-personal-projects/|title=Emma Nyra takes on personal projects|work=[[The Nation (Nigeria)|The Nation News]]|author=Dupe Ayinla-Olasunakanmi|date=June 20, 2015|accessdate=May 28, 2016}}</ref> === Ihe nkiri === Ewezuga egwu, Emma Nyra bụkwa onye na-eme ihe nkiri.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://tvcontinental.tv/2016/03/11/emma-nyra-joins-davido-falzacts-nollywood-industry/|title=Sultry singer, Emma Nyra ventures into acting|work=[[TVC News|Television Continental]]|date=March 11, 2016|accessdate=May 28, 2016}}</ref> ''Ọ'' pụtara na ihe nkiri atọ gụnyere American Driver, Rebound, na Re-Union.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://pulse.ng/movies/american-driver-jim-iyke-nadia-buari-nse-ikpe-etim-emma-nyra-star-in-new-film-id4790061.html|title="American Driver":Jim Iyke, Nadia Buari, Nse Ikpe-Etim, Emma Nyra star in new film|work=Pulse Nigeria|author=Izuzu|date=March 11, 2016|first=Chidumga|accessdate=May 28, 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://notjustok.com/2011/11/01/emma-nyra-do-it-ft-eno-will-everything-i-do/|title=Emma Nyra – Do It ft Eno Will + Everything I Do|work=[[notJustOk]]|author=O.|first=Ovie|date=November 11, 2011|accessdate=May 28, 2016}}</ref> == Ọpụpụ na Made Men Music == N'afọ 2014, Emma Nyra kwụsịrị nkwekọrịta ndekọ ya na Made Men Music Group. Ọ bụ ezie na ndị nta akụkọ na-ekwu maka nsogbu mmekọrịta, Emma Nyra kwuru "iji ike na ike nkịtị na okwu" site n'aka onye njikwa ya n'oge ahụ Ubi Franklin dị ka ihe mere o ji hapụ akara akara ahụ. Otụ ọ dị, Ubi Franklin gọnahụrụ ebubo ahụ.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.vanguardngr.com/2015/05/emma-nyra-ubi-frankling-open-up-on-their-rift/|title=Emma Nyra, Ubi Franklin open up on their rift|work=[[Vanguard (Nigeria)|Vanguard Newspaper]]|date=May 4, 2015|accessdate=May 28, 2016}}</ref> == Nkọwapụta == === Abọm nchịkọta === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |+Ndepụta nke abọm studio, na ọkwa chaatị ahọpụtara ! rowspan="2" scope="col" style="width:9em;" |Aha ya ! rowspan="2" scope="col" style="width:13em;" |Nkọwa nke abọm ! colspan="4" scope="col" |Ọnọdụ chaatị kachasị elu ! rowspan="2" scope="col" style="width:9em;" |asambodo ! rowspan="2" scope="col" style="width:8em;" |Ahịa |- ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:85%;" |NGR ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:85%;" |RSA ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:85%;" |GHA ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:85%;" |UK |- ! scope="row" |The Evolution(with Made Men Music Group)<br /><br /><br /><br /> | * E wepụtara ya: May 29, 2014<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/the-evolution/id881144832|title=The Evolution by Triplemg|work=[[iTunes]]|date=May 29, 2014|accessdate=May 28, 2016}}</ref> * Label: Made Men Music * Ụdị: CD, nbudata dijitalụ |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị | | |- | colspan="15" style="font-size:90%" |"X" na-egosi ihe ndekọ nke na-enweghị chaatị ma ọ bụ nke a na-ewepụtaghị na mpaghara ahụ. |} === Ndị na-alụbeghị di === ; Dị ka onye na-ese ihe {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center;" |+Ndepụta nke ndị na-alụbeghị di dị ka onye na-eduzi ihe, na ọkwa chaatị ahọpụtara na asambodo, na-egosi afọ a tọhapụrụ na aha abọm ! rowspan="2" scope="col" style="width:20em;" |Aha ya ! rowspan="2" scope="col" |Afọ ! colspan="7" scope="col" |Ọnọdụ chaatị kachasị elu ! rowspan="2" scope="col" style="width:12em;" |asambodo ! rowspan="2" scope="col" |Album |- ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%;" |NGA ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%;" |GHA ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%;" |RSA ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%;" |AUS ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%;" |UK ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%;" |US ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%;" |USR<nowiki>&</nowiki>amp;B/HH<nowiki><br id="mwkQ"></nowiki><nowiki><br></nowiki><nowiki><br></nowiki><nowiki><br></nowiki> |- ! scope="row" |"Do It" <span style="font-size:85%;">nke</span><br /><br /><br /><br /> gosipụtara Eno Will) | rowspan="2" |2011 |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị | | rowspan="8" |Ndị na-abụghị abọm |- ! scope="row" |"Ihe niile m na-eme" |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị | |- ! scope="row" |"Ihe niile m na-eme"(nke gosipụtara <span style="font-size:85%;">[[Iyanya]]</span>)<br /><br /><br /><br /> | rowspan="2" |2012 |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị | |- ! scope="row" |"Ori Mi Wu" |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị | |- ! scope="row" |"Kere Shere" |2013 |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị | |- ! scope="row" |"Elele( <span style="font-size:85%;">nke</span><br /><br /><br /><br /> <span style="font-size:85%;">[[Davido]]</span> gosipụtara) | rowspan="2" |2014 |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị | |- ! scope="row" |"N'ihi Ihe Gị" |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị | |- ! scope="row" |"For Your Matter (Remix) "(<span style="font-size:85%;">nke</span><br /><br /><br /><br /> gosipụtara Patoranking) |2015 |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị | |- | colspan="14" style="font-size:90%" |"X" na-egosi ihe ndekọ nke na-enweghị chaatị ma ọ bụ nke a na-ewepụtaghị na mpaghara ahụ. |} ; Ndị na-eme mkpọsa {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center;" |+Ndepụta nke ndị na-alụbeghị di dị ka onye na-eduzi ihe, na ọkwa chaatị ahọpụtara na asambodo, na-egosi afọ a tọhapụrụ na aha abọm ! rowspan="2" scope="col" style="width:20em;" |Aha ya ! rowspan="2" scope="col" |Afọ ! colspan="7" scope="col" |Ọnọdụ chaatị kachasị elu ! rowspan="2" scope="col" style="width:12em;" |asambodo ! rowspan="2" scope="col" |Album |- ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%;" |NGA ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%;" |GHA ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%;" |RSA ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%;" |AUS ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%;" |UK ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%;" |US ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%;" |USR<nowiki>&</nowiki>amp;B/HH<nowiki><br id="mwAQ4"></nowiki><nowiki><br></nowiki><nowiki><br></nowiki><nowiki><br></nowiki> |- ! scope="row" |"Say Yeah"TripleMG na-egosi <span style="font-size:85%;">[[Iyanya]]</span>, Emma Nyra, <span style="font-size:85%;">[[Tekno (musician)|Tekno Miles]]</span>, <span style="font-size:85%;">Selebobo</span> & Baci)<br /><br /><br /><br /> | rowspan="2" |2014 |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị | |''Ọdịdị Ọdị'' |- ! scope="row" |"Enyi" |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị | | rowspan="2" |Ndị na-abụghị abọm |- ! scope="row" |"Vex( <span style="font-size:85%;">na</span><br /><br /><br /><br /> <span style="font-size:85%;">[[Cynthia Morgan]]</span> & <span style="font-size:85%;">Victoria Kimani</span>) |2015 |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị | |- | colspan="14" style="font-size:90%" |"X" na-egosi ihe ndekọ nke na-enweghị chaatị ma ọ bụ nke a na-ewepụtaghị na mpaghara ahụ. |} == Ihe nkiri == * ''Nlaghachi'' * ''Njikọ Mgbakọta'' * [[American Driver|Onye Ọkwọ ụgbọala America]] == Onyinye na nhọpụta == {| class="wikitable" !Afọ !Ememe mmeri !Ihe nrite !Nsonaazụ !Ref |- |2013 |2013 Nigeria Entertainment Awards |Omume Kasị Mma Ị Na-ekwe Nwe Anya |{{Won}} |<ref name="bell">{{Cite news|url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2013/09/2013-nigeria-entertainment-awards-full-list-of-winners-scoop/|title=2013 Nigeria Entertainment Awards: Full List of Winners & Scoop|first=Damilare|author=Aiki|date=September 2, 2013|accessdate=May 28, 2016}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFAiki2013">Aiki, Damilare (September 2, 2013). [https://www.bellanaija.com/2013/09/2013-nigeria-entertainment-awards-full-list-of-winners-scoop/ "2013 Nigeria Entertainment Awards: Full List of Winners & Scoop"]<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 28,</span> 2016</span>.</cite></ref> |} == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * Official website {{DEFAULTSORT:Nyra, Emma}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Articles with hCards]] [[Òtù:Short description is different from Wikidata]] [[Òtù:Articles with short description]] lgxngu9ncylwgpsayqywyzdxfo62nq4 0 24047 644027 141053 2026-05-30T14:02:17Z Iwuala chisom 17246 Fixed reference errors 644027 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}[[Usòrò:Sulak.Sivaraksa 3-small.jpg|thumb|Sulak Sivaraksa]] '''Sulak Sivaraksa''' (Thai; RTGS: ; a na-akpọ ya {{IPA|[sùlák sìwárák]}}; Amụrụ n'ụbọchị 27 Machị 1933 na Siam) bụ onye na-ahụ maka mmekọrịta ọha na eze na Thailand, prọfesọ, onye edemede na onye guzobere na onye nduzi nke NGO Thai "Sathirakoses-Nagapradeepa Foundation", nke aha ya bụ ndị isi abụọ gbasara ọdịbendị Thai, Sathirakoses (Phya Anuman Rajadhon) na Nagapradeepa (Phra Saraprasoet).<ref name="OVERVIEW Sulak Sivaraksa">{{Cite web|title=OVERVIEW Sulak Sivaraksa |url=https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/oi/authority.20110803100509311 |work=Oxford Reference|accessdate=11 July 2021}}</ref><ref name="KoaBooks"/>Ọ malitere ọtụtụ òtù mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya, nke ọrụ ebere, nke gburugburu ebe obibi na nke ime mmụọ na òtù na Thailand, dị ka College SEM (Mmụọ na Mmụta Movement). A maara Sulak Sivaraksa na West dị ka otu n'ime ndị nna nke International Network of Engaged Buddhists (INEB), nke e guzobere n'afọ 1989 na ndị isi Buddha, gụnyere Dalai Lama nke iri na anọ, onye mọnk Vietnamese na onye na-eme udo Thich Nhat Hanh, na Theravada Bhikkhu Maha Ghosananda, dị ka ndị nkwado ya. Mgbe e nyere Sulak Sivaraksa ihe nrite Right Livelihood Award n'afọ 1995 maka "ọhụụ ya, ọrụ ya na ntinye aka ime mmụọ na ịchọ usoro mmepe nke gbanyere mkpọrọgwụ na ọchịchị onye kwuo uche ya, ikpe ziri ezi na iguzosi ike n'ezi ihe ọdịbendị", ọ ghọrọ onye ọha na eze maara na Europe na US. Sulak bụ onye isi oche nke Asian Cultural Forum on Development ma bụrụkwa prọfesọ nleta na UC Berkeley, Mahadum Toronto, na Cornell.<ref name="KoaBooks">{{Cite web|title=Sulak Sivaraksa|url=http://www.wisdomofsustainability.com/authorbio.php|work=Koa Books|accessdate=16 November 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161011113409/http://www.wisdomofsustainability.com/authorbio.php|archivedate=11 October 2016}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://web.archive.org/web/20161011113409/http://www.wisdomofsustainability.com/authorbio.php "Sulak Sivaraksa"]. ''Koa Books''. Archived from [http://www.wisdomofsustainability.com/authorbio.php the original] on 11 October 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 November</span> 2019</span>.</cite></ref> == Ebenside == [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] oynxqyg9vsz05zsaz1xt1r8zfmacvdv 0 24190 644569 140907 2026-05-31T07:48:57Z Iwuala chisom 17246 Improved+added DS 644569 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Onuah Elizabeth''' (amụrụ na ụbọchị iri abụọ n'ọnwa Septemba afọ 1995) bụ nwanyị afọ Naijiria na-ebu ibu.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.weightliftingsa.com/attachments/101_Africa_GirlsU17.pdf|title=African Youth Qualifying Championship|publisher=[[International Weightlifting Federation]]|date=23 March 2010|accessdate=10 September 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304213520/http://www.weightliftingsa.com/attachments/101_Africa_GirlsU17.pdf|archivedate=4 March 2016}}</ref> O ritere ihe nrite ọla edo abụọ na clean na jerk na snatch lifts mgbe o mere nke mbụ ya na-anọchite anya [[Naijiria|Naịjirịa]] na 2015 All-Africa Games na [[Republic of the Congo|Congo Brazzaville]] .<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.sunnewsonline.com/new/onuah-wins-first-gold-for-nigeria/|title=Onuah wins first gold for Nigeria|work=[[The Sun (Nigeria)|The Sun]]|author=Emma Njoku|date=10 September 2015|accessdate=10 September 2015}}</ref> == Ebensibịa == {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Onuah, Elizabeth}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] rw5dtvr13s92ejqarm62l8uzfl52d1d 0 24217 643974 140893 2026-05-30T12:44:14Z Chiziqa 13055 Fixed reference error 643974 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Ereme Abraham''' (amụrụ ya na Julaị 28, 1992), nke a maara nke ọma dị ka Twyse bụ onye Naijiria na-eme ihe ọchị na onye na-emeeme ihe nkiri.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-06-02|title=Americans still want us to be slaves – Twyse|url=https://pmnewsnigeria.com/2020/06/02/americans-still-want-us-to-be-slaves-twyse/|accessdate=2021-07-30|work=P.M. News|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=Features|first=BellaNaija|date=2017-10-03|title=Becoming a Successful Instagram Comedian in Nigeria|url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2017/10/becoming-successful-instagram-comedian-nigeria/|accessdate=2021-07-30|work=BellaNaija|language=en-US}}</ref> A maara ya nke ọma maka ịrụ ọtụtụ ọrụ na ihe nkiri ya na-atọ ọchị.<ref>{{Cite web|title=2020 100 Most Influential Young Nigerians announced by Avance Media|url=https://www.modernghana.com/nollywood/35987/2020-100-most-influential-young-nigerians-announce.html|accessdate=2021-07-30|work=Modern Ghana|language=en}}</ref> == Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ == Tweeze tolitere na [[Ibadan]] ma o si [[Ȯra Edo|Edo]] State, Naịjirịa. Tweeweezi nọ na [[Obodoézè Nà Ofú|United Kingdom]] ruo oge ụfọdụ.<ref>{{Cite web|author=dnbstories|date=2020-09-10|title=Updated net worth and biography of Instagram comedian Twyse Ereme|url=https://dnbstories.com/2020/09/comedian-twyse-ereme-updated-net-worth-and-biography.html|accessdate=2021-07-30|work=DNB Stories Africa|language=en-US}}</ref> N'ajụjụ ọnụ vidiyo, Tweewee kwuru na ọ na-amụ iwu maka obere oge tupu ya ahapụ ya.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|author=BellaNaija.com|date=2021-07-28|title=Bigi x Silverbird Cinemas: Eniola Badmus, Kunle Remi, Tobi Bakre, Uzor Arukwe thrill fans with Cinema Tickets & Rewards|url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2021/07/bigi-x-silverbird-cinemas/|accessdate=2021-07-30|work=BellaNaija|language=en-US}}</ref> == Ndụ onwe na esemokwu == N'afọ 2016, e nwere akụkọ na-agbasa ozi gbasara Tweewee na-achọ igbu onwe ya. Tweeze malitere tweet banyere echiche igbu onwe ya na ndị na-akwado ya, ndị enyi na ndị ezinụlọ nwere nchegbu dị ukwuu.<ref name=":0" /> Onye na-eme ihe nkiri [[Toyin Abraham]] na ndị ọzọ ama ama na Naijiria malitere ịkekọrịta vidiyo ya n'ọtụtụ usoro mgbasa ozi mmekọrịta.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2016-02-18|title=Actress in tears as comedian threatens to commit suicide|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/celebrities/toyin-aimakhu-actress-in-tears-as-comedian-threatens-to-commit-suicide/rqh32be|accessdate=2021-07-30|work=Pulse Nigeria|language=en}}</ref> Ewezuga ihe ọchị, Tweewee bụkwa onye na-agụ egwu. Ọ na-edekọ abụ ya n'oge ezumike ya. == Hụkwa ihe ọzọ == * Ndepụta nke ndị Naijiria na-eme ihe ọchị * Ndepụta nke ndị Naijiria na-eme ihe nkiri == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] ls2skoozilfrzq4a9noikpfngtbem1x 0 24248 644397 643747 2026-05-30T22:45:12Z Sayvhior 13464 /* Klọb */ 644397 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}   '''Victor Moses''' (amụrụ na 12 Disemba N'afọ 1990) bụ onye Naijiria na-agba bọọlụ nke na-agba egwu dị ka [[Footbọl|onye]] na-agba ọsọ n'akụkụ ọ bụla maka klọb Russia Spartak Moscow . A na-ejikwa ya dịka onye na-agba ọsọ n'azụ mgbe ụfọdụ n'oge ọrụ ya. Moses malitere ọrụ ya na Asọmpi na Crystal Palace, tupu arụmọrụ ya adọta anya Wigan Athletic, ebe o mere Njikọ Njikọ mbụ ya na N'afọ 2010. Mgbe afọ abụọ gasịrị, egwuregwu ya emeela ka ọ dịkwuo mma ruo n'ókè nke ndị mmeri Europe bụ Chelsea nwere mmasị, ọ bịanyere aka na ha n'oge ọkọchị nke afọ 2012. N'agbanyeghị goolu iri na asọmpi niile n'oge oge mbụ ya, ọ nọrọ oge nke abụọ ya na Liverpool, nke atọ ya na Stoke City na nke anọ ya na West Ham United. A kpọghachiri Moses na Chelsea maka oge 201617 ebe ọ pụtara 34 ka Chelsea meriri Njikọ Njikọ. Mgbe ọ na-enweghị mmasị n'oge mkpọsa ọzọ, Moses nọrọ na Fenerbahçe, Inter Milan na Spartak Moscow n'oge ndị na-esonụ. A mụrụ ya na [[Nigeria national football team|Naịjirịa]], Moses nọchitere anya ndị otu ndị ntorobịa England n'okpuru afọ 16, n'okpuru 17, n'okpuru 19 na n'okpuru 21, mana ọ họọrọ igwu egwu maka Naịjirịa ma ọ bụghị ịbụ onye zuru oke maka England. O mere nke mbụ ya maka ndị otu Naijiria n'afọ 2012 wee nweta 38 caps ma gbaa bọọlụ ugboro 12 tupu ọ laa ezumike nká na egwuregwu mba ụwa n'afọ 2018. Ọ gbara na mkpọsa mmeri nke Naijiria na N'afọ 2013 Africa Cup of Nations, yana mkpọsa na 2014 FIFA World Cup na 2018 FIFA World Cup. == Ọrụ klọb == === Mbido ndụ na ọrụ === A mụrụ Moses na [[Lagos]], nwa nke onye ụkọchukwu Ndị Kraịst. Mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na otu, e gburu nne na nna ya na ọgba aghara okpukpe na [[Kaduna]] mgbe ndị na-eme ọgba aghụghọ wakporo ụlọ ha. Moses na-egwu bọọlụ n'okporo ámá n'oge ahụ. Otu izu mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, mgbe ndị enyi ya zoro ya, ndị ikwu ya kwụrụ ya ụgwọ ka ọ gaa UK iji rịọ maka mgbaba. E debere ya na ezinụlọ nkuchi na South [[London]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2012/sep/14/victor-moses-interview-chelsea|title=Victor Moses: they should be proud of me, looking down being proud|author=Hytner|first=David|date=14 September 2012|work=The Guardian|language=en|accessdate=26 June 2018}}</ref><ref name="MosesAsylum">{{Cite news|author=Kelso|first=Paul|date=20 May 2005|url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2005/may/20/football.immigration|title=14-year-old asylum seeker becomes school's football hero|work=The Guardian|accessdate=23 July 2008}}</ref><ref name="Independent1">{{Cite news|title=FA Cup: Orphaned Victor Moses feels very much at home with Chelsea|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/fa-league-cups/fa-cup-orphaned-victor-moses-feels-very-much-at-home-with-chelsea-8527874.html|work=The Independent|accessdate=11 November 2014}}</ref> Ọ gara Stanley Technical High School (nke a maara ugbu a dị ka Harris Academy) na South Norwood. N'ịbụ onye Scout na-egwu bọọlụ na Tandridge Njikọ maka Cosmos 90 FC, Crystal Palace bịakwutere ya, na ámá egwuregwu Selhurst Park nke klọb ahụ dị n'okporo ámá dị anya site n'ụlọ akwụkwọ ya.<ref name="Independent1" /> N'ịbụ onye e nyere ọnọdụ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ Ugo, Palace tụụrụ ya aro ka ọ gaa ụlọ akwụkwọ Whitgift na-akwụ ụgwọ na Croydon, ebe onye bụbu onye Arsenal na Chelsea bụ Colin Pates na-azụ ndị otu egwuregwu bọọlụ ụlọ akwụkwọ.<ref name="Independent1"/> Moses malitere ịpụta na 14 mgbe ọ gbasịrị goolu 50 maka ndị nọ n'okpuru afọ 14 nke Palace. N'ịgba bọọlụ afọ atọ na Whitgift na Palace, Moses gbara ihe karịrị 100 goolu yana inyere Whitgift aka imeri ọtụtụ iko ụlọ akwụkwọ, gụnyere iko mba ebe Moses gbara goolu ise niile na nke ikpeazụ megide Ụlọ akwụkwọ na-agwọ ọrịa Grimsby na Ama egwuregwu Walkers, Leicester.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Looking back at when Liverpool and Chelsea ace Victor Moses stunned Healing's dream team|url=http://www.grimsbytelegraph.co.uk/Looking-Liverpool-Chelsea-ace-Victor-Moses/story-20471306-detail/story.html|work=Grimsby Telegraph|accessdate=11 November 2014}}</ref> === Crystal Palace === Moses mere egwuregwu mbụ ya maka Palace mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na isii na 6 Nọvemba N'afọ 2007 na 1 China na Cardiff City na Asọmpi.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Cardiff 1–1 Crystal Palace|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_div_1/7076416.stm|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=11 November 2014}}</ref> Ọ nọgidere n'ọnọdụ ya n'akụkụ mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị wee gbaa goolu mbụ ya dị elu na 12 Machị N'afọ 2008 na 1 - 1 ise na West Bromwich Albion.<ref>{{Cite news|title=West Brom 1–1 Crystal Palace|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_div_1/7287966.stm|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=11 November 2014}}</ref> N'ozuzu, Moses gbara bọọlụ ugboro iri na isii n'afọ 2007 ka Palace ruru asọmpi asọmpi Asọmpi ebe ha meriri Bristol City.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Bristol City v C Palace as it happened|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_div_1/7399418.stm|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=11 November 2014}}</ref> Na ngwụcha oge ahụ, ọ bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta ọhụrụ na Selhurst Park, nke mere ka onye njikwa Neil Warnock nwee obi ụtọ, onye kwuru, "Ntinye aka Victor bụ nnukwu ihe maka klọb ahụ; agwa m Victor na ọ nwere ike ịga elu dịka ọ chọrọ. Ọ na-akawanye mma kwa ụbọchị ma enwere m obi ụtọ na ọ bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta a n'ihi na ọ bụ onye ọkpụkpọ ga-esi n'ike gaa n'ike.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Moses signs four-year Palace deal|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/teams/c/crystal_palace/7529661.stm|work=BBC Sport|date=28 July 2008|accessdate=11 November 2014}}</ref> Moses gbara ugboro abụọ n'ime egwuregwu 32 n'afọ 2008 n'ihi na Palace nwere mkpọsa na-akụda mmụọ, na-agwụ na ọnọdụ nke iri na ise. N'afọ 2009, Moses gbara goolu isii n'egwuregwu asatọ mana Palace nwere nnukwu nsogbu ego ma klọb ahụ batara n'ọchịchị na Jenụwarị N'afọ 2010.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Crystal Palace deducted 10 points|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/teams/c/crystal_palace/8484824.stm|work=BBC Sport|date=28 January 2010|accessdate=11 November 2014}}</ref> === Wigan Athletic === N'ụbọchị ikpeazụ nke Jenụwarị N'afọ 2010, ọ rụzuru £ 2.5 nde na Wigan Athletic nke Njikọ Njikọ mgbe Palace banyere na nchịkwa.<ref>{{Cite news|date=31 January 2010|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/leagues/championship/crystalpalace/7121319/Victor-Moses-joins-Wigan-Athletic-as-Crystal-Palace-fire-sale-begins.html|title=Victor Moses joins Wigan Athletic as Crystal Palace fire sale begins|work=The Daily Telegraph|accessdate=31 January 2010|first=Jonathan|author=Liew}}</ref> O mere nke mbụ ya na 6 Febụwarị N'afọ 2010 dị ka onye na-anọchi Sunderland na 1 China draw.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/eng_prem/8493730.stm|title=Sunderland 1–1 Wigan|date=6 February 2010|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=1 March 2010}}</ref> Na 20 Machị N'afọ 2010, Moses bịara dị ka onye nọchiri Burnley wee nweta enyemaka mbụ ya maka klọb ahụ, na-eguzobe Hugo Rodallega maka onye mmeri oge mmerụ ahụ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.wiganlatics.co.uk/page/NewsDetail/0,,10429~2001372,00.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100612181312/http://www.wiganlatics.co.uk/page/NewsDetail/0,,10429~2001372,00.html|archivedate=12 June 2010|title=Victor-ious|publisher=Wigan Athletic F.C.|date=22 March 2010|accessdate=12 October 2013}}</ref> Ọ gbara goolu mbụ ya maka Wigan na 3 Mee N'afọ 2010 megide Hull City.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_prem/8649742.stm|title=Wigan 2–2 Hull|work=BBC Sport|date=3 May 2010|accessdate=3 May 2010}}</ref> Moses merụrụ ahụ ugboro abụọ na mbido oge 2010 na 1911, ọ na-esikwa ya ike ịlaghachi n'ime otu mbụ n'ihi mmụba asọmpi maka ebe.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.clicklancashire.com/my-click/my-real-life/127932-wigan-athletic-winger-victor-moses-wants-tottenham-hotspur-shot.html|title=Wigan Athletic winger Victor Moses wants Tottenham Hotspur shot|work=Click Lancashire|date=26 August 2010|accessdate=1 October 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120310202954/http://www.clicklancashire.com/my-click/my-real-life/127932-wigan-athletic-winger-victor-moses-wants-tottenham-hotspur-shot.html|archivedate=10 March 2012}}</ref> Ọ gbara goolu mbụ ya n'egwuregwu ahụ n'ụbọchị iri na atọ n'ọnwa Nọvemba n'afọ 2010 na mmeri ya na West Bromwich Albion.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/premier-league/moses-and-nzogbia-lead-wigan-out-of-wilderness-2133596.html|title=Moses and N'Zogbia lead Wigan out of wilderness|date=14 November 2010|accessdate=16 November 2010|work=The Independent|first=Darren|author=Witcoop}}</ref> Mgbe ọpụpụ nke onye na-agba ọsọ Charles N'Zogbia gasịrị, Moses ghọrọ onye mbido Wigan na oge N'afọ 2011 na 12. N'abalị iri n'ọnwa Disemba n'afọ 2011, ọ gbara goolu mbụ ya n'oge ahụ megide West Brom bụ goolu mbụ ọ gbara kemgbe ọ gbara otu otu otu egwuregwu ahụ n'oge gara aga. === Chelsea === ==== Afọ 2012 na 13 ==== [[Usòrò:Victor_Moses_Fabio_Santos_2012_FIFA_Club_World_Cup.jpg|thumb|Moses na Fábio Santos nke Corinthians na 2012 FIFA Club World Cup Final]] N'abalị iri abụọ na atọ n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ n'afọ 2012, Wigan nabatara arịrịọ nke ise site n'aka Chelsea mgbe ha mechara zute ọnụahịa Wigan na-arịọ arịrịọ mgbe arịrịọ anọ na-enweghị isi. E nyere onye ọkpụkpọ ahụ ikike ịgwa Chelsea okwu.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.wiganlatics.co.uk/news/article/12-08-23-club-statement-victor-moses-331637.aspx|title=Club confirm Victor Moses bid accepted|publisher=Wigan Athletic F.C|date=23 August 2012|accessdate=23 August 2012}}</ref> N'abalị iri abụọ na anọ n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ, Chelsea kwupụtara na ebufeela Moses.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.chelseafc.com/news-article/article/2899473|title=Moses Transfer Completed|publisher=Chelsea F.C|date=24 August 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131028165252/http://www.chelseafc.com/news-article/article/2899473|archivedate=28 October 2013}}</ref> Moses gbara egwuregwu mbụ ya maka Chelsea mgbe ọ pụtara dị ka onye na-anọchi anya ndị na-asọmpi West London Ogige QueensRangers na 15 Septemba.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www1.skysports.com/football/live/match/261597/report|title=Anton refuses to shake on it|work=Sky Sports|date=15 September 2012|accessdate=22 July 2013}}</ref> Moses mere nke mbụ ya zuru oke maka Chelsea mgbe ọ malitere egwuregwu Iko Njikọ megide Wolverhampton Wanderers wee gbaa goolu mbụ ya mgbe nkeji iri asaa na otu gachara n'egwuregwu nke mechara na Blues.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/19632463|title=Chelsea 6–0 Wolves|work=BBC Sport|date=25 September 2012|accessdate=29 August 2013}}</ref> Moses malitere egwuregwu mbụ ya na Nordsjælland. N'abalị iri atọ na otu n'ọnwa Ọktoba, a kpọrọ Moses Man of the Match megide Manchester United na Iko Njikọ, egwuregwu Chelsea meriri 5o4.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.adifferentleague.co.uk/p6_0_17387_chelsea-focus-revenge-is-sweet-in-man-utd-win.html|title=Chelsea Focus&nbsp;– Revenge is sweet in Man Utd win|date=2 November 2012|accessdate=2 November 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121104075335/http://www.adifferentleague.co.uk/p6_0_17387_chelsea-focus-revenge-is-sweet-in-man-utd-win.html|archivedate=4 November 2012}}</ref> N'abalị atọ n'ọnwa Nọvemba n'afọ 2012, Moses gbara goolu mbụ ya na Njikọ Njikọ maka Chelsea n'egwuregwu ya na Swansea City, nke gwụrụ na 1 01.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://espnfc.com/us/en/report/345755/report.html?soccernet=true&cc=5901|title=Swansea 1–1 Chelsea|publisher=ESPN FC|date=3 November 2012|accessdate=3 November 2012}}</ref> Ụbọchị anọ ka e mesịrị, ọ gbara goolu mbụ ya na Njikọ Njikọ maka Chelsea megide Shakhtar Donetsk; Moses nọchiri Oscar na nkeji nke 79 wee gaa n'ihu na nkuku Juan Mata na sekọnd fọdụrụ iji nweta mmeri 3 South2.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/20150427|title=Chelsea 3–2 Shakhtar Donetsk|date=7 November 2012|accessdate=7 November 2012|work=BBC Sport}}</ref> N'ụbọchị nke ise n'ọnwa Jenụwarị n'afọ 2013, Moses meghere akara ya n'afọ ahụ site n'ịgba ọsọ dị ike n'akụkụ ala mgbe ọ na-egwu na agba nke atọ nke Iko FA megide Southampton, dịka Chelsea si n'azụ wee merie ndị Saints n'azụ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/20863303|title=Demba Ba scored twice on his Chelsea debut as the FA Cup holders came from behind against Southampton to ease into the fourth round at St Mary's Stadium.|work=BBC Sport|date=5 January 2013|accessdate=22 July 2013}}</ref> Moses gbara goolu mbụ ya na Europa League maka Chelsea na mmeri 3 na 1 n'ụlọ megide Rubin Kazan, wee gbaa nke abụọ ya na egwuregwu ọzọ otu izu ka e mesịrị.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/21963641|title=Fernando Torres scored twice to help Chelsea take a huge stride towards the Europa League's last four.|work=BBC Sport|date=4 April 2013|accessdate=22 July 2013}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/22023533|title=Chelsea sealed their place in the Europa League semi-finals despite a careless second-leg defeat against Rubin Kazan in Russia.|work=BBC Sport|date=11 April 2013|accessdate=22 July 2013}}</ref> Ọ gara n'ihu n'ụdị ya dị mma na asọmpi ahụ site n'ịgba goolu mbụ nke otu ya na mmeri 1 South na Basel na 25 Eprel.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.uefa.com/uefaeuropaleague/season=2013/matches/round=2000360/match=2010092/postmatch/report/index.html|title=Last-gasp Luiz strike leaves Chelsea in charge|publisher=UEFA|date=25 April 2013|accessdate=22 July 2013}}</ref> Ọ gbakwara bọọlụ n'egwuregwu ọzọ megide Basel mgbe Blues meriri 3o1 n'ụlọ wee nweta òkè ha na Europa League Final, egwuregwu nke Moses na-egosighị mana Blues meriri 2o1 megide Benfica na Amsterdam na 15 Mee.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/teams/chelsea/10033915/Chelsea-3–FC-Basle-1-agg-5–2-match-report.html|title=Chelsea 3 FC Basle 1; agg 5–2: match report|work=The Daily Telegraph|date=2 May 2013|accessdate=22 July 2013}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.uefa.com/uefaeuropaleague/season=2013/matches/round=2000361/match=2010095/postmatch/report/index.html|title=Ivanović heads Chelsea to Europa League glory|publisher=UEFA|date=15 May 2013|accessdate=22 July 2013}}</ref> ==== Afọ 2013 na 14: Ịgbazinye Liverpool ==== Na 2 Septemba N'afọ 2013, Moses bịanyere aka na Liverpool na nkwekọrịta mgbazinye ego ogologo oge.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.liverpoolfc.com/news/media-watch/sky-sports-moses-deal-completed|title=Moses deal completed|publisher=Liverpool FC|date=2 September 2013|accessdate=2 September 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130905103418/http://www.liverpoolfc.com/news/media-watch/sky-sports-moses-deal-completed|archivedate=5 September 2013}}</ref> Ọ gbara bọọlụ na nke mbụ ya na 16 Septemba megide Swansea City na 2 na-aga n'ihu.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/24012560|title=Swansea 2 Liverpool 2|date=16 September 2013|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=27 May 2018}}</ref> N'abalị iri abụọ na ise n'ọnwa Jenụwarị n'afọ 2014, ọ gbara goolu mbụ nke mmeri 2 na AFC Bournemouth na agba nke anọ nke iko FA.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Bournemouth 0 – 2 Liverpool|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/25789339|accessdate=7 February 2014|work=BBC Sport|date=25 January 2014}}</ref> N'ihi ụdị Raheem Sterling n'oge oge N'afọ 2013 na 14, Moses chọtara ohere siri ike ịbịa n'okpuru Brendan Rodgers, na-egwu egwuregwu 22 nke naanị itoolu n'ime ha malitere.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Chelsea fury as Liverpool sideline striker Victor Moses|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/teams/chelsea/10554657/Chelsea-fury-as-Liverpool-sideline-striker-Victor-Moses.html|work=The Daily Telegraph|accessdate=16 November 2014}}</ref> ==== Afọ 2014 na afọ 15: Ịgbazinye Stoke City ==== N'abalị iri na isii n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ n'afọ 2014, Moses sonyeere Stoke City na mgbazinye maka oge N'afọ 2014 na afọ 15.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Moses moves to Stoke|url=http://www.chelseafc.com/news/latest-news/2014/08/moses-moves-to-stoke.html|work=Chelsea F.C|accessdate=16 August 2014}}</ref> O mere egwuregwu Njikọ Njikọ mbụ ya maka Stoke City na 30 Ọgọstụ na mmeri 1 na Manchester City.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Man City 0–1 Stoke|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/28907276|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=16 September 2014}}</ref> Na mmeri Stoke meriri Newcastle United na 29 Septemba, Moses nyere aka maka otu goolu Peter Crouch gbara ma họpụta ya Nwoke nke egwuregwu maka arụmọrụ ya.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Stoke 1–0 Newcastle|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/29305924|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=6 October 2014}}</ref> N'abalị iri na itoolu n'ọnwa Ọktoba, na mmeri ha meriri Swansea City, Moses meriri ntaramahụhụ mgbe ọ gbadatara n'okpuru ihe ịma aka nke Àngel Rangel; mgbe egwuregwu ahụ gasịrị, onye njikwa Swansea Garry Monk kwuru na Moses dara.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Stoke 2–1 Swansea|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/29586592|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=14 November 2014}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Swansea boss Garry Monk criticises 'cheat' Victor Moses|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/29682896|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=14 November 2014}}</ref> Onye na-ahụ maka ''egwuregwu nke ụbọchị'' nke abụọ bụ John Hartson kwukwara na Moses ghọgburu, mana o mechara rịọ Moses mgbaghara maka okwu ya.<ref>{{Cite web|title=John Hartson apologises to Stoke's Victor Moses over 'cheat' claims|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/29770009|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=14 November 2014}}</ref> Moses gbara goolu mbụ ya maka Stoke na 1 Nọvemba na 2 na West Ham United.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Stoke 2–2 West Ham|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/29768017|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=14 November 2014}}</ref> O merụrụ ahụ n'apata ụkwụ megide Burnley na 22 Nọvemba nke mere ka ọ ghara ịga izu asatọ.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Victor Moses: Stoke City striker faces eight weeks out|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/30210377|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=29 November 2014}}</ref> N'abalị iri na asaa n'ọnwa Jenụwarị n'afọ 2015, Moses laghachiri na mbido megide Leicester City, nke mechiri na mmeri Stoke.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Leicester City vs Stoke City|url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2015/01/17/england/premier-league/leicester-city-fc/stoke-city-fc/1703921/|work=Soccerway|date=17 January 2015}}</ref> N'abalị iri abụọ na otu n'ọnwa Febụwarị, Moses gbara penalty na nkeji iri itoolu iji nweta Stoke mmeri iri abụọ na iri na otu na ndị na-asọmpi Midlands Aston Villa na Villa Park.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Aston Villa 1–2 Stoke|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/31466727|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=14 April 2015}}</ref> O nwetakwara goolu na mmeri 2 na Everton na 4 Machị.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Stoke 2–0 Everton|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/31616988|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=14 April 2015}}</ref> Site na André Schürrle na Mohamed Salah na-apụ na-adịgide adịgide na ịgbazinye ego, n'otu n'otu, a mara ọkwa na onye njikwa Chelsea bụ José Mourinho gbalịrị icheta Moses site na Stoke n'etiti oge, naanị maka onye na-agba ọsọ ịjụ ịlaghachi azụ.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Victor Moses rejected return to Chelsea|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/teams/chelsea/11486800/Victor-Moses-rejected-return-to-Chelsea.html|work=The Daily Telegraph|accessdate=20 March 2015}}</ref> Moses merụrụ ahụ n'ọkpụkpụ ụkwụ mgbe ọ na-egwuri egwu megide West Ham na 11 Eprel, nke mere ka ọ ghara ịga n'ihu n'oge fọdụrụnụ.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Victor Moses returns to Stamford Bridge with injury|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/teams/chelsea/11535854/Chelsea-news-Victor-Moses-returns-to-Stamford-Bridge-with-injury.html|archiveurl=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220112/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/teams/chelsea/11535854/Chelsea-news-Victor-Moses-returns-to-Stamford-Bridge-with-injury.html|archivedate=12 January 2022|work=The Daily Telegraph|accessdate=14 April 2015}}</ref> ==== Afọ 2015 na afọ 16: Ịgbazinye West Ham United ==== [[Usòrò:West_Ham_United_Vs_Manchester_City_(24366292089).jpg|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|Moses na bọọlụ n'oge ọ na-agbazinye na West Ham United, na-egwuri egwu megide Manchester City na 2016]] Mgbe oge gara nke ọma na Stoke, Moses laghachiri na Blues wee pụta na egwuregwu anọ niile tupu oge ezumike ma gbaa otu ugboro, megide Paris Saint-Germain F.C. Moses mere asọmpi mbụ ya kemgbe ọ laghachiri n'ụbọchị nke abụọ n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ 2015 megide Arsenal maka Ọta obodo mgbe ọ nọchiri John Terry na nkeji nke iri asatọ na abụọ.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Paris Saint-Germain 1–1 Chelsea|url=http://www.sportsmole.co.uk/football/chelsea/live-commentary/live-commentary-psg-vs-chelsea_235428.html|date=25 July 2015}}</ref> Egwuregwu ahụ gwụrụ na Chelsea meriri 1 0 .<ref>{{Cite web|title=FA Community Shield: Arsenal vs Chelsea|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/live/football/33500342|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=20 August 2015}}</ref> A gụnyekwara Moses na bench n'oge egwuregwu mbụ nke oge ahụ megide Swansea City, ọ bụ ezie na ọ pụtaghị ka Chelsea dọtara 2 Xia2.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2015/08/08/england/premier-league/chelsea-football-club/swansea-city-afc/2043051/|title=Chelsea vs. Swansea City 2 – 2 (8/8/15)|date=8 August 2015|publisher=Soccerway}}</ref> N'ụbọchị mbụ n'ọnwa Septemba n'afọ 2015, Moses sonyeere West Ham United na mgbazinye oge.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Moses signs on loan|url=http://www.whufc.com/News/Articles/2015/September/1-September/Moses-signs-on-loan|publisher=West Ham United|date=1 September 2015}}</ref> Tupu ọ banye West Ham United na mgbazinye ego, Moses bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta afọ anọ ọhụrụ, nke ga-eme ka ọ nọrọ na Chelsea ruo 2019.<ref>{{Cite news|title=New Deal for Moses|url=https://www.chelseafc.com/news/latest-news/2015/08/new-deal-for-moses.html|publisher=Chelsea FC|date=1 September 2015}}</ref> Moses mere West Ham mbụ ya na 14 Septemba na mmeri 2 na Newcastle United, ebe a kpọrọ ya Nwoke nke Egwuregwu.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/34171138|title=West Ham 2–0 Newcastle United|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=15 September 2015}}</ref> N'egwuregwu nke abụọ ya, na 19 Septemba megide Manchester City, Moses gbara naanị goolu West Ham ya, na mmeri 1 02.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/34191909|title=Manchester City 1–2 West Ham|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=20 September 2015}}</ref> N'ụbọchị nke ise n'ọnwa Disemba, n'oge egwuregwu ahụ megide Manchester United, Moses nwere mmerụ ahụ n'ọkpụkpụ ụkwụ nke mere ka ọ ghara ịga ruo n'ọnwarị.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.espnfc.us/west-ham-united/story/2744994/west-ham-forward-victor-moses-to-undergo-scan-on-hamstring|title=West Ham's Victor Moses to undergo scan on hamstring injury|publisher=ESPN|date=7 December 2015}}</ref> N'ọnwa Eprel, a kpughere na nkwekọrịta mgbazinye ego nwekwara nhọrọ iji mee ka ọ gaa na njedebe nke oge, mana West Ham kpebiri ịjụ nhọrọ ahụ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.skysports.com/football/news/11685/10230070/west-ham-to-let-alex-song-victor-moses-and-emmanuel-emenike-leave-8211-sky-sources|title=West Ham to let Alex Song, Victor Moses and Emmanuel Emenike leave – Sky sources|date=4 April 2016|publisher=SkySports}}</ref> ==== Oge 201617 ==== [[Usòrò:Leicester_0_Chelsea_3_(31510599933).jpg|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|Moses (''n'etiti'') na onye otu mba ''Wilfred Ndidi'' (n'aka nri) na-egwuri egwu maka Chelsea megide ndị mmeri Leicester City, 2017]] Mgbe o masịrị onye njikwa ọhụrụ Antonio Conte n'oge mmalite oge, a gụnyere Moses na ndị otu mbụ. N'abalị iri na ise n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ n'afọ 2016, Moses gbara bọọlụ mbụ ya na Chelsea n'ime afọ atọ, na-apụta n'oche maka Eden Hazard megide West Ham United na mmeri 2.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/37006707|title=Chelsea 2–1 West Ham: Costa's late strike earns Conte's first Premier League win|date=15 August 2016|work=BBC Sport}}</ref> N'abalị iri abụọ na atọ n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ, Moses bidoro nke mbụ ya wee gbaa goolu mbụ ya kemgbe ọ laghachiri, na agba nke abụọ nke iko EFL megide Bristol Rovers na mmeri 3[[2.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Chelsea 3–2 Bristol Rovers|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/37091061|work=BBC Sport|date=23 August 2016|accessdate=23 August 2016}}</ref> Mgbe e merisịrị ya n'azụ azụ, Conte gbanwere n'ime usoro 3<nowiki>[[4]]</nowiki> na Moses na-egwuri egwu dị ka onye na-agbachitere n'akụkụ aka nri na egwuregwu na-esonụ megide Hull City. Ọrụ ya dị ka onye na-agbachitere Chelsea nyeere aka inwe mmeri 2 na-emekwa ka ọ bụrụ Nwoke nke Egwuregwu.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/37459840|title=Hull City 0–2 Chelsea|date=1 October 2016|work=BBC Sport}}</ref> N'abalị iri na ise n'ọnwa Ọktoba n'afọ 2016, Moses gbara goolu nke abụọ ya n'egwuregwu ahụ megide Leicester City na mmeri n'ụlọ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/37594219|title=Chelsea 3–0 Leicester City|date=15 August 2016|work=BBC Sport}}</ref> N'abalị iri abụọ na isii n'ọnwa Nọvemba n'afọ 2016, Moses meriri Tottenham Hotspur na mmeri nke abụọ na otu ma kpọọ ya Nwoke nke Egwuregwu.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.skysports.com/football/chelsea-vs-tottenham/356457|title=Chelsea 2–1 Tottenham Hotspur: Blues maintain hold of top spot|publisher=Sky Sports|date=26 September 2016}}</ref> Moses gbara egwuregwu iri anọ na asọmpi niile maka Chelsea n'afọ 2016 na afọ iri na asaa, na-agba goolu anọ. Site na Chelsea na-emeri n'asọmpi Premier League, Moses ghọrọ onye egwuregwu Naijiria na-eme ọtụtụ egwuregwu Premier League maka otu mmeri.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://pulse.ng/sports/football/chelseas-victor-moses-is-a-premier-league-winner-id6670904.html|title=Chelsea"s Victor Moses is a Premier League winner|first=Steve|author=Dede|accessdate=29 May 2017|archivedate=6 June 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170606055919/http://www.pulse.ng/sports/football/chelseas-victor-moses-is-a-premier-league-winner-id6670904.html}}</ref> Moses kpatara nnukwu esemokwu n'oge 2017 FA Cup Final megide Arsenal nke Chelsea meriri 2<nowiki>[[1]]</nowiki>]. Ebe ọ bụ na edepụtara ya maka mmejọ Danny Welbeck na mbụ, e nyere ya ndebanye aha nke abụọ, nke mere ka ọ nweta kaadị uhie, mgbe ọ gbasịrị n'ebe a na-eme ntaramahụhụ. Ọ ghọrọ onye egwuregwu nke ise a chụpụrụ na ngwụcha FA Cup.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://dailypost.ng/2017/05/28/fa-cup-final-victor-moses-joins-four-players-hall-shame/|title=FA Cup final: Victor Moses joins four other players in hall of shame|date=28 May 2017|accessdate=29 May 2017}}</ref> E mere egwuregwu ahụ ụbọchị ise mgbe bọmbụ Manchester Arena nke mmadụ iri abụọ na atọ, ọtụtụ n'ime ha bụ ụmụaka, nwụrụ. Chelsea eyighị armbands ojii n'oge ọkara mbụ mana o mere n'oge nke abụọ. Mgbe ahụ, Moses, mgbe ọ na-apụ n'ámá egwuregwu wepụrụ nke ya ma tụba ya n'ala, na-akpata iwe na mgbasa ozi mmekọrịta, ọtụtụ na-ebo ya ebubo na ọ naghị egosi nkwanye ùgwù nye ndị nwụrụ anwụ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://uk.sports.yahoo.com/news/twitter-angrily-responds-victor-moses-115020620.html?guccounter=1&guce_referrer=aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuZ29vZ2xlLmNvbS8&guce_referrer_sig=AQAAAFkzgoqiYf1b96ikHRvED0jbJaYh0gkAunvi-T4zb5Lw88JmZCKHnAZmX8mLXodq3W4cCsZki2kYjDvLNv0WzdBvm9-vr5Trwu03Xt3J3uqiV1SzvSNWy-GvzengPT8y_ChYV8uu9Zhk_l55h_YTZs-Vp74DBww5ec5loyZ4oTsx|title=Twitter angrily responds to Victor Moses discarding his black armband following FA Cup dismissal|date=28 May 2017|accessdate=4 June 2020|archivedate=3 June 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200603235121/https://uk.sports.yahoo.com/news/twitter-angrily-responds-victor-moses-115020620.html?guccounter=1&guce_referrer=aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuZ29vZ2xlLmNvbS8&guce_referrer_sig=AQAAAFkzgoqiYf1b96ikHRvED0jbJaYh0gkAunvi-T4zb5Lw88JmZCKHnAZmX8mLXodq3W4cCsZki2kYjDvLNv0WzdBvm9-vr5Trwu03Xt3J3uqiV1SzvSNWy-GvzengPT8y_ChYV8uu9Zhk_l55h_YTZs-Vp74DBww5ec5loyZ4oTsx}}</ref> ==== Afọ 2017-18 ==== Moses gbara goolu mmeghe na N'afọ 2017 FA Community Shield, nke Chelsea meriri ndị na-asọmpi Arsenal na penalties.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Arsenal lift Community Shield|date=6 August 2017|accessdate=21 February 2018|work=thefa.com|publisher=The Football Association|url=http://www.thefa.com/news/2017/aug/04/fa-community-shield-arsenal-chelsea-report-060817}}</ref> ==== Afọ 2018-19: Ịkwụ ụgwọ na Fenerbahçe ==== Na Jenụwarị N'afọ 2019, Moses bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta mgbazinye ọnwa iri na asatọ na otu [[Turkéy|Turkey]], Fenerbahçe.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/46984393|title=Victor Moses: Chelsea winger completes Fenerbahce loan|date=25 January 2019|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=26 January 2019}}</ref> N'ụbọchị mbụ n'ọnwa Febụwarị n'afọ 2019, Moses gbara goolu mbụ ya na Fenerbahçe n'asọmpi ahụ n'asọmpị ahụ n'egwuregwu 2 na Göztepe.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.legit.ng/1219383-fenerbahce-2-0-goztepe-victor-moses-scores-turkish-league-goal.html|title=Fenerbahçe 2 - 0 Göztepe: Victor Moses scores first Turkish league goal|accessdate=1 February 2019}}</ref> ==== Afọ 2019: Ịgbazinye Inter Milan ==== Mgbe e belatara nkwekọrịta Fenerbahçe, Moses bịanyere aka na Inter Milan na nkwekọrịta mgbazinye ọnwa isii na nhọrọ ịzụta na 23 Jenụwarị N'afọ 2020.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.inter.it/en/news/2020/01/22/official-victor-moses-inter.html|title=Victor Moses signs for Inter|date=23 January 2020|work=inter.it|accessdate=23 January 2020}}</ref> Ọ bụ otu n'ime ndị egwuregwu atọ bụbu ndị Premier League sonyeere Inter Milan na windo Jenụwarị, n'akụkụ Ashley Young na Christian Eriksen.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://apnews.com/d933aad42c1ada14c478ea33db645bc3|title=Eriksen completes transfer to Inter from Tottenham|date=28 January 2020|work=apnews.com|accessdate=2020-02-02}}</ref> O mere klọb mbụ ya na 29 Jenụwarị, na-abịa dị ka onye nọchiri Antonio Candreva na ọkara nke abụọ na mmeri Fiorentina n'ụlọ na nkeji iri na ise nke Coppa Italia.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/51304229|title=Inter Milan 2–1 Fiorentina|publisher=BBC Sport|date=29 January 2020|accessdate=30 January 2020}}</ref> O mere egwuregwu mbụ ya ụbọchị ole na ole mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, na 2 Febụwarị, malite n'aka nri na mmeri 2 na Udinese.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.football-italia.net/149565/line-ups-udinese-v-inter|title=Line-ups: Udinese v Inter {{!}} Football Italia|work=football-italia.net|accessdate=2 February 2020}}</ref> ==== Oge nke afọ 2020: Ịkwụ ụgwọ na Spartak Moscow ==== N'abalị iri na ise n'ọnwa Ọktoba n'afọ 2020, Moses sonyeere otu egwuregwu Russian Premier League Spartak Moscow na mgbazinye oge na nhọrọ ịzụta.<ref>{{Cite web|publisher=[[FC Spartak Moscow]]|url=https://spartak.com/news/2020-10-15-viktor_mozes__igrok_spartaka/|title=Виктор Мозес — игрок "Спартака"!|date=15 October 2020|language=ru}}</ref> Ụbọchị abụọ ka e mesịrị n'ụbọchị iri na asaa n'ọnwa Ọktoba, o mere nke mbụ ya na klọb ahụ site na bench na mmeri 3 na 2 megide Khimki.<ref>{{Cite web|publisher=[[FC Spartak Moscow]]|url=https://spartak.com/news/2020-10-17-pobeda_v_khimkakh_goly_kokorina_ponse_i_larssona_debyuty_mozesa_i_oganesyana/|title=Победа в Химках! Голы Кокорина, Понсе и Ларссона, дебюты Мозеса и Оганесяна!|date=17 October 2020|language=ru}}</ref> N'abalị iri abụọ na anọ n'ọnwa Ọktoba, ọ pụtara nke mbụ ya dị ka onye mbido wee gbaa goolu mbụ ya maka Spartak na mmeri 3 na 1 megide Krasnodar.<ref>{{Cite web|publisher=[[FC Spartak Moscow]]|url=https://spartak.com/videos/23927541/|title=Сыграли в кайф в Краснодаре! За кадром яркой победы над "быками"|date=25 October 2020|language=ru}}</ref> N'abalị iri na isii n'ọnwa Mee n'afọ 2021, ọ gbara bọọlụ n'egwuregwu ikpeazụ nke 2020 Russian Premier League megide FC Akhmat Grozny iji guzobe akara ikpeazụ nke 2 . Isi ihe Spartak nwetara nwetara nwetara nwetara ọnọdụ nke abụọ na ntinye nke Champions League maka klọb ahụ.<ref>{{Cite web|publisher=[[Russian Premier League]]|url=https://eng.premierliga.ru/match/match_13873.html|title=Akhmat v Spartak game report|date=16 May 2021}}</ref> === Spartak Moscow === N'ụbọchị nke abụọ n'ọnwa Julaị n'afọ 2021, Chelsea kwupụtara na Moses emechaala ịkwaga Spartak Moscow, na-akwụsị mmekọrịta afọ itoolu ya na klọb ahụ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.chelseafc.com/en/news/2021/07/02/victor-moses-completes-russian-transfer|title=Victor Moses completes Russian transfer|publisher=Chelsea F.C.|date=2 July 2021|accessdate=2 July 2021}}</ref> Spartak mara ọkwa n'otu ụbọchị ahụ na ọ bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta afọ abụọ na klọb ahụ.<ref>{{Cite web|publisher=[[FC Spartak Moscow]]|url=https://spartak.com/news/2021-07-02-mozes_podpisal_kontrakt_so_spartakom_na_dva_goda/|title=Мозес подписал контракт со "Спартаком" на два года|date=2 July 2021|language=ru}}</ref> Na 10 Febụwarị 2022, Moses gbatịkwuru nkwekọrịta ya na Spartak ruo 2024. Moses meriri 2021-22 Russian Cup na klọb ya na 29 Mee na mmeri 2-1 Old Russian Derby meriri Dynamo Moscow. == Ọrụ mba ụwa == === England === ==== U16 na U17 ==== N'agbanyeghị na o si Kaduna, Naịjirịa, Moses họọrọ na mbụ ịnọchite anya ebe obibi ya nke England, na-egosi maka ndị otu na-erubeghị afọ iri na isii, ebe ọ meriri Victory Shield na N'afọ 2005, na ọkwa na-erughị afọ iri na asaa. Ya na ndị otu ahụ gara N'afọ 2007 UEFA European U-17 Championship na [[Belgium]], na-agba goolu ugboro atọ (gụnyere naanị goolu na mmeri ikpeazụ na France) iji nyere John Peacock aka na asọmpi ikpeazụ, ebe Spain meriri ha otu goolu, ọ bụ ezie na Moses jisiri ike mechaa dị ka onye kacha gbaa goolu na asọmpi ahụ ma nweta Golden Boot maka ime otú ahụ.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Victor Moses' Biography: From asylum seeker to African champion|url=https://www.modernghana.com/sports/507763/victor-moses-biography-from-asylum-seeker-to-african-champ.html|accessdate=2022-05-27|work=Modern Ghana|language=en}}</ref> N'otu oge okpomọkụ ahụ, ndị otu ahụ gara South Korea maka FIFA U-17 World Cup. Moses mechiri dị ka onye kacha gbaa bọọlụ nke Young Lions, na-agba bọọlụ ugboro atọ na egwuregwu Group B, mana o merụrụ ahụ na mmeri ya meriri Brazil nke mere ka ọ pụọ na asọmpi ahụ. Ndị otu Moses gara n'ihu ruo n'ọkwa nke anọ.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2015-11-01|title=Football Star Victor Moses Full Biography Life And News|url=https://www.takemetonaija.com/2015/11/football-star-victor-moses-full.html|accessdate=2022-05-27|work=TIN Magazine|language=en-GB}}</ref> ==== U19s ==== Mgbe asọmpi ahụ gasịrị, a kwalitere Moses ka ọ bụrụ onye na-erubeghị afọ iri na asatọ, ma na-agbaso ihe ọ na-eme maka ndị otu mbụ nke Crystal Palace, a kwaliri ya ka ọ bụrụ ndị na-erughị afọ iri na itoolu n'enweghị ihe zuru ezu maka U-18 iji nweta okpu n'ezie. Ọ gara na U-19s na 2008 UEFA European U-19 Championship na [[Chekia|Czech Republic]], na-egwu egwuregwu abụọ ma na-enweta otu enyemaka ka Young Lions na-enweghị ike ịpụta na Group B. Nkọwa na-etolite ka onye njikwa Stuart Pearce na-eleghara ya anya na Moses ga-alaghachi igwu egwu maka [[Nigeria national football team|Naịjirịa]] na 2010 FIFA World Cup.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Victor Moses' Biography: From asylum seeker to African champion|url=https://www.modernghana.com/sports/507763/victor-moses-biography-from-asylum-seeker-to-african-champ.html|accessdate=2022-05-27|work=Modern Ghana|language=en}}</ref> ==== U21s ==== A kwalitere Moses ka ọ bụrụ onye na-erubeghị afọ iri abụọ na otu na mbido oge N'afọ 2010 na iri na otu wee mee nke mbụ ya megide Uzbekistan na mmeri abụọ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://thefa.com/England/mens-under-21s/News/match-centre/2010/EnglandvUzbekistan/Teamsheets?p=ts&mid=102750|archiveurl=https://www.webarchive.org.uk/wayback/archive/20110402053009/http://www.thefa.com/England/mens-under-21s/News/match-centre/2010/EnglandvUzbekistan/Teamsheets?p=ts&mid=102750|archivedate=2 April 2011|title=Teamsheets|publisher=The Football Association|accessdate=1 October 2012}}</ref> === Naịjirịa === [[Usòrò:Iran_and_Nigeria_match_at_the_FIFA_World_Cup_2014-06-12_15.jpg|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|Moses na-egwuri egwu maka [[Nigeria national football team|Naịjirịa]] megide Iran na 2014 FIFA World Cup.]] A họpụtara Moses ka ọ gbaa bọọlụ maka [[Nigeria national football team|Naịjirịa]] megide Guatemala na Febụwarị N'afọ 2011, mana a kagburu egwuregwu enyi na enyi.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20180131023459/http://www.kickoff.com/news/19690/shola-ameobi-victor-moses-get-nigeria-call.php Ameobi, Moses get Nigeria call]. kickoff.com. 14 January 2011.</ref> Ọ nabatara oku na Machị 2011 maka egwuregwu Naịjirịa megide Ethiopia na Kenya.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/africa/9431866.stm|title=Victor Moses gets late Nigeria call|work=BBC Sport|date=24 March 2011|accessdate=7 December 2012}}</ref> Otú ọ dị, a chụpụrụ ya n'egwuregwu ndị ahụ n'ihi na enwetaghị akwụkwọ ya na FIFA iji gbanwee mba n'oge. A mara ọkwa na 1 Nọvemba N'afọ 2011 na FIFA ewepụla Moses na Shola Ameobi ka ha gwuo egwu maka Naịjirịa.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/15524642.stm|title=Fifa clears Shola Ameobi, Moses to play for Nigeria|date=1 November 2011|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=1 November 2011}}</ref> A kpọrọ Moses ka ọ bịa n'òtù ndị ikom iri abụọ na atọ nke Naịjirịa maka iko mba Afrịka nke afọ 2013, na-enweta ntaramahụhụ abụọ n'egwuregwu ikpeazụ ha na Etiopia, nke Naịjarịa chọrọ iji merie iji gafee. Maka nke abụọ, e nyere onye na-edebe goolu nke Etiopia bụ Sisay Bancha akwụkwọ nke abụọ ya na ihe omume ndị dugara na penalty ma chụpụ ya. Ethiopia ejirila ndị nnọchi anya atọ ahụ mee ihe n'ihi ya onye na-ejide ha n'etiti etiti gara n'ime goolu, wee hapụ penalty Moses. Egwuregwu ahụ gwụrụ n'afọ 2-0. Naịjirịa gara n'ihu merie asọmpi ahụ, nke atọ ha. Moses malitere na ngwụcha wee gbaa egwuregwu ahụ dum.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/20970786|title=Nations Cup 2013: Nigeria pick six locally-based players|author=Oluwashina Okeleji|date=10 January 2013|accessdate=10 January 2013|work=BBC Sport}}</ref> A họpụtara Moses maka ndị otu Naịjirịa maka N'afọ 2014 FIFA World Cup<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/teams/nigeria/10810433/Nigeria-World-Cup-2014-squad.html|archiveurl=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220112/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/teams/nigeria/10810433/Nigeria-World-Cup-2014-squad.html|archivedate=12 January 2022|title=Nigeria World Cup 2014 squad|first=Telegraph|author=Sport|date=2 June 2014}}</ref> wee malite na egwuregwu mmeghe ha na agba nke 16 megide France ka ha meriri 2 00.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/27969976|title=France 2-0 Nigeria|date=30 June 2014}}</ref> [[Usòrò:FWC_2018_-_Group_D_-_NGA_v_ISL_-_Photo_37.jpg|áká_èkpè|thumb|Moses na-agba ọsọ n'efu maka [[Nigeria national football team|Naịjirịa]] n'oge 2018 FIFA World Cup.]] Mgbe Gernot Rohr malitere dị ka onye isi nchịkwa Naịjirịa n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ N'afọ 2016, Moses gosipụtara mgbe niile na egwuregwu FIFA 2018.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.espnfc.com/nigeria/story/2984833/premier-league-duo-victor-moses-odion-ighalo-earn-nigeria-recalls|title=Premier League duo Victor Moses, Odion Ighalo earn Nigeria recalls|date=30 October 2016|publisher=ESPN FC|accessdate=12 November 2016}}</ref> Moses nyere Naịjirịa akara n'oge egwuregwu FIFA N'afọ 2018 megide Algeria na Nọvemba 2016, na-enyere ha aka inweta mmeri 3o1 .<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://metro.co.uk/2016/11/12/chelsea-duo-victor-moses-and-john-obi-mikel-seal-win-for-nigeria-6254332/|title=Chelsea duo Victor Moses and John Obi Mikel seal win for Nigeria|date=12 November 2016|work=Metro|accessdate=12 November 2016}}</ref> N'ọnwa Mee afọ 2018, a kpọrọ aha ya na [[Nigeria national football team|ndị otu]] mmadụ iri atọ nke Naijiria maka 2018 World Cup na Russia, ebe ọ nwetara ihe dị mkpa megide Argentina, ọ bụ ezie na, akụkụ ya meriri egwuregwu ahụ na nkeji ole na ole iji hụ Argentina site na Naijiria ka e wepụrụ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.goal.com/en-gb/news/revealed-every-world-cup-2018-squad-23-man-preliminary-lists/oa0atsduflsv1nsf6oqk576rb|title=Revealed: Every World Cup 2018 squad - 23-man & preliminary lists & when will they be announced? - Goal.com}}</ref> Mgbe asọmpi ahụ gasịrị, Moses mara ọkwa na 15 Ọgọstụ na ọ lara ezumike nká n'ịgba bọọlụ mba Naịjirịa.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/45200919|title=Victor Moses: Chelsea's Nigeria winger announces international retirement at 27|work=BBC Sport|date=15 August 2018|accessdate=15 August 2018}}</ref> == Ndụ onwe onye == Moses tolitere na-akwado Arsenal.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Victor Moses: Talentspotter|url=https://www.fourfourtwo.com/features/victor-moses-talentspotter|work=FourFourTwo|accessdate=16 June 2017|date=1 December 2009}}</ref> O nwere nwa nwoke, Brentley, (amụrụ n'afọ 2012) na nwa nwanyị, Nyah, (amuru n'afọ 2015).<ref>{{Cite web|title=Victor Moses dedicates brace to his son Brentley|url=http://www.goal.com/en-ng/news/4687/2015-afcon-qualification/2013/01/30/3713255/victor-moses-dedicates-brace-to-his-son-brentley|work=Goal.com|accessdate=16 November 2014}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Congratulations Mr and Mrs Moses|url=http://www.chelsea.vitalfootball.co.uk/article.asp?a=550384|work=Chelsea Vital|accessdate=9 February 2015|archivedate=25 February 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180225205954/http://www.chelsea.vitalfootball.co.uk/article.asp?a=550384}}</ref> == Ndekọ ọnụ ọgụgụ ọrụ == === Klọb === {{updated|<!--match played--> 6 August 2022}}<ref name=Sb>{{cite web |url=http://www.soccerbase.com/players/player.sd?player_id=47716 |title=Victor Moses: Football Stats |publisher=Soccerbase |access-date=2 April 2015 }}</ref><ref name=Soccerway>{{Soccerway|viktor-moses/25395}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+Ndekọ ọnụ ọgụgụ klọb ! rowspan="2" |Klọb ! rowspan="2" |Oge ! colspan="3" |Njikọ ! colspan="2" |Iko Mba ! colspan="2" |Iko Njikọ ! colspan="2" |Europe ! colspan="2" |Ndị ọzọ ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta |- !Nkewa !Ngwa !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ !Ngwa !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ !Ngwa !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ !Ngwa !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ !Ngwa !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ !Ngwa !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ |- | rowspan="4" |Crystal Palace |2007-08 |Mmeri |13 |3 |1 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |2 |0 |16 |3 |- |200809 |Mmeri |27 |2 |3 |0 |2 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |32 |2 |- |2009 na iri |Mmeri |18 |6 |1 |0 |2 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |21 |6 |- ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta !58 !11 !5 !0 !4 !0 ! colspan="2" |Ọdịdị !2 !0 !69 !11 |- | rowspan="5" |Wigan Athletic |2009 na iri<ref name="sb0910" /> |Njikọ Premier |14 |1 |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |14 |1 |- |2010-11 |Njikọ Premier |21 |1 |2 |0 |3 |1 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |26 |2 |- |2011-12 |Njikọ Premier |38 |6 |1 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |39 |6 |- |201213 |Njikọ Premier |1 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |1 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta !74 !8 !3 !0 !3 !1 ! colspan="2" |Ọdịdị ! colspan="2" |Ọdịdị !80 !9 |- | rowspan="6" |Chelsea |201213<ref name="sb1213" /> |Njikọ Premier |23 |1 |5 |2 |3 |2 |10 |5 |2 |0 |43 |10 |- |201516 |Njikọ Premier |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |1 |0 |1 |0 |- |201617 |Njikọ Premier |34 |3 |4 |0 |2 |1 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |40 |4 |- |2017 18 |Njikọ Premier |28 |3 |3 |0 |2 |0 |4 [nke dị ala-alpha 5] |0 |1 |1 |38 |4 |- |201819 |Njikọ Premier |2 |0 |0 |0 |1 |0 |2[Lower-alpha 6] |0 |1 |0 |6 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta !87 !7 !12 !2 !8 !3 !16 !5 !5 !1 !128 !18 |- |Liverpool (onye a gbazitere) |201314 |Njikọ Premier |19 |1 |2 |1 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |22 |2 |- |Stoke City (onye a gbazitere) |2014-15 |Njikọ Premier |19 |3 |2 |1 |2 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |23 |4 |- |West Ham United (ụgwọ) |201516<ref name="sb1516" /> |Njikọ Premier |21 |1 |4 |1 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |26 |2 |- | rowspan="3" |Fenerbahçe (onye a gbazitere) |201819<ref name="sb1819" /> |Süper Lig |14 |4 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |2 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |16 |4 |- |201920 |Süper Lig |6 |1 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |7 |1 |- ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta !20 !5 !1 !0 ! colspan="2" |Ọdịdị !2 !0 ! colspan="2" |Ọdịdị !23 !5 |- |Inter Milan (nke a gbazitere) |201920<ref name="sb1920" /> |Usoro A |12 |0 |3 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |5 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |20 |0 |- |Spartak Moscow (gbazinye ego) |2020 21 |Russian Premier League |19 |4 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |20 |4 |- | rowspan="3" |Spartak Moscow |2021 22 |Russian Premier League |25 |2 |2 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |7 |1 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |34 |3 |- |202223 |Russian Premier League |4 |2 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |4 |2 |- ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta !48 !8 !3 !0 ! colspan="2" |Ọdịdị !7 !1 ! colspan="2" |Ọdịdị !58 !9 |- ! colspan="3" |Ọrụ zuru ezu !359 !44 !35 !5 !19 !4 !30 !6 !7 !1 !449 !60 |} === Mba ụwa === {{updated|match played 26 June 2018}}<ref name="Moses, Victor">{{NFT player|id=46799|access-date=10 February 2013}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+Ndekọ mba ụwa !Ndị otu mba !Afọ !Ngwa !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ |- | rowspan="7" |[[Nigeria national football team|Naịjirịa]] |2012 |6 |2 |- |2013 |11 |4 |- |2014 |6 |1 |- |2015 |0 |0 |- |2016 |4 |2 |- |2017 |3 |1 |- |2018 |7 |2 |- ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta !37 !12 |} : ''Akara na nsonaazụ depụtara ihe mgbaru ọsọ Naịjirịa na mbụ''. {| class="wikitable" !Mba. !Ụbọchị !Ebe a na-anọ !Onye mmegide !Ihe ndị a tụrụ !Nsonaazụ !Ịsọ mpi |- |1 | rowspan="2" |13 Ọktoba 2012 | rowspan="2" |U. J. Esuene Stadium, [[Calabar]], Nigeria | rowspan="2" | Liberia |{{center|'''3'''–0}} | rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |6 na 1 | rowspan="2" |2013 Africa Cup of Nations iru eru |- |2 |{{center|'''6'''–1}} |- |3 | rowspan="2" |29 Jenụwarị 2013 | rowspan="2" |Royal Bafokeng Stadium, Rustenburg, South Africa | rowspan="2" | Ethiopia |{{center|'''1'''–0}} | rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |2 na 0 | rowspan="2" |2013 Africa Cup of Nations |- |4 |{{center|'''2'''–0}} |- |5 |7 Septemba 2013 |U.J. Esuene Stadium, Calabar, Nigeria | Malawi |{{center|'''2'''–0}} |{{center|2–0}} |2014 FIFA World Cup iru eru |- |6 |16 Nọvemba 2013 |U.J. Esuene Stadium, Calabar, Nigeria | Ethiopia |{{center|'''1'''–0}} |{{center|2–0}} |2014 FIFA World Cup iru eru |- |7 |7 June 2014 |EverBank Field, Jacksonville, United States | United States |{{center|'''1'''–2}} |{{center|1–2}} |Ndị nwere omume enyi |- |8 | rowspan="2" |12 Nọvemba 2016 | rowspan="2" |Godswill Akpabio International Stadium, [[Uyo]], Nigeria | rowspan="2" | Algeria |{{center|'''1'''–0}} | rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |31 Nke 1 | rowspan="3" |2018 FIFA World Cup iru eru |- |9 |{{center|'''3'''–1}} |- |10 |1 Septemba 2017 |Godswill Akpabio International Stadium, Uyo, Nigeria | Cameroon |{{center|'''3'''–0}} |{{center|4–0}} |- |11 |23 Machị 2018 |Stadion Miejski, Wrocław, Poland | Poland |{{center|'''1'''–0}} |{{center|1–0}} |Ndị nwere omume enyi |- |12 |26 June 2018 |Ogige Egwuregwu Krestovsky, St. Petersburg, Russia | Argentina |{{center|'''1'''–1}} |{{center|1–2}} |2018 FIFA World Cup |} == Nsọpụrụ == '''Chelsea''' * Premier League: 201617<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.premierleague.com/players/3983/Victor-Moses/overview|title=Victor Moses: Overview|publisher=Premier League|accessdate=17 April 2018}}</ref> * FA Cup: 2017 na-esote: 2016 na-eso<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/44091559|title=Chelsea 1–0 Manchester United|first=Phil|author=McNulty|work=BBC Sport|date=19 May 2018|accessdate=19 May 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/39984089|title=Arsenal 2–1 Chelsea|first=Phil|author=McNulty|work=BBC Sport|date=27 May 2017|accessdate=22 April 2019}}</ref> * UEFA Europa League: 2012 na 13, 2018<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/48368406|title=Chelsea 4–1 Arsenal|first=Chris|author=Bevan|work=BBC Sport|date=29 May 2019|accessdate=29 May 2019}}</ref> na<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/22445388|title=Benfica 1–2 Chelsea|first=Phil|author=McNulty|work=BBC Sport|date=15 May 2013}}</ref> '''Inter Milan''' * Onye nke abụọ na UEFA Europa League: 201920 '''Spartak Moscow''' * Iko mba Rọshịa: 2021<ref>{{Cite web|publisher=Russian Premier League|url=https://premierliga.ru/news/rfpl/news_28138.html|title="Спартак" обыграл "Динамо" и стал 4-кратным победителем Кубка России|date=29 May 2022|language=ru|accessdate=15 November 2022|archivedate=29 May 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220529165639/https://premierliga.ru/news/rfpl/news_28138.html}}</ref> '''Naịjirịa''' * Iko Mba Afrịka: 2013<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/21396138|title=Nigeria 1–0 Burkina Faso|first=Ian|author=Hughes|work=BBC Sport|date=10 February 2013|accessdate=17 April 2018}}</ref> '''Onye ọ bụla''' * PFA Fans' Premier League Player of the Month: November 2016<ref>{{Cite news|title=Chelsea's Victor Moses wins PFA Fans' Premier League Player of the Month|url=http://www.skysports.com/football/news/11661/10676716/cheleas-victor-moses-wins-pfa-fans-premier-league-player-of-the-month|publisher=Sky Sports|accessdate=4 December 2016}}</ref> == Ihe odide == == Njikọ mpụga == {{Commons category}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20181005210129/https://www.chelseafc.com/en/teams/first-team/victor-moses?pageTab=biography Profaịlụ] na ebe nrụọrụ weebụ Chelsea FC * Victor Moses at Soccerbase {{Navboxes|title=Nigeria squads|bg=#008751|fg=white|bordercolor=silver|list1={{Nigeria squad 2013 Africa Cup of Nations}} {{Nigeria squad 2014 FIFA World Cup}} {{Nigeria squad 2018 FIFA World Cup}}}}{{UEFA European Under-17 Football Championship awards}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] jl6ugs40rn3uag3863cszepx4qy6kn4 644398 644397 2026-05-30T22:50:19Z Sayvhior 13464 /* Klọb */ 644398 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}   '''Victor Moses''' (amụrụ na 12 Disemba N'afọ 1990) bụ onye Naijiria na-agba bọọlụ nke na-agba egwu dị ka [[Footbọl|onye]] na-agba ọsọ n'akụkụ ọ bụla maka klọb Russia Spartak Moscow . A na-ejikwa ya dịka onye na-agba ọsọ n'azụ mgbe ụfọdụ n'oge ọrụ ya. Moses malitere ọrụ ya na Asọmpi na Crystal Palace, tupu arụmọrụ ya adọta anya Wigan Athletic, ebe o mere Njikọ Njikọ mbụ ya na N'afọ 2010. Mgbe afọ abụọ gasịrị, egwuregwu ya emeela ka ọ dịkwuo mma ruo n'ókè nke ndị mmeri Europe bụ Chelsea nwere mmasị, ọ bịanyere aka na ha n'oge ọkọchị nke afọ 2012. N'agbanyeghị goolu iri na asọmpi niile n'oge oge mbụ ya, ọ nọrọ oge nke abụọ ya na Liverpool, nke atọ ya na Stoke City na nke anọ ya na West Ham United. A kpọghachiri Moses na Chelsea maka oge 201617 ebe ọ pụtara 34 ka Chelsea meriri Njikọ Njikọ. Mgbe ọ na-enweghị mmasị n'oge mkpọsa ọzọ, Moses nọrọ na Fenerbahçe, Inter Milan na Spartak Moscow n'oge ndị na-esonụ. A mụrụ ya na [[Nigeria national football team|Naịjirịa]], Moses nọchitere anya ndị otu ndị ntorobịa England n'okpuru afọ 16, n'okpuru 17, n'okpuru 19 na n'okpuru 21, mana ọ họọrọ igwu egwu maka Naịjirịa ma ọ bụghị ịbụ onye zuru oke maka England. O mere nke mbụ ya maka ndị otu Naijiria n'afọ 2012 wee nweta 38 caps ma gbaa bọọlụ ugboro 12 tupu ọ laa ezumike nká na egwuregwu mba ụwa n'afọ 2018. Ọ gbara na mkpọsa mmeri nke Naijiria na N'afọ 2013 Africa Cup of Nations, yana mkpọsa na 2014 FIFA World Cup na 2018 FIFA World Cup. == Ọrụ klọb == === Mbido ndụ na ọrụ === A mụrụ Moses na [[Lagos]], nwa nke onye ụkọchukwu Ndị Kraịst. Mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na otu, e gburu nne na nna ya na ọgba aghara okpukpe na [[Kaduna]] mgbe ndị na-eme ọgba aghụghọ wakporo ụlọ ha. Moses na-egwu bọọlụ n'okporo ámá n'oge ahụ. Otu izu mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, mgbe ndị enyi ya zoro ya, ndị ikwu ya kwụrụ ya ụgwọ ka ọ gaa UK iji rịọ maka mgbaba. E debere ya na ezinụlọ nkuchi na South [[London]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2012/sep/14/victor-moses-interview-chelsea|title=Victor Moses: they should be proud of me, looking down being proud|author=Hytner|first=David|date=14 September 2012|work=The Guardian|language=en|accessdate=26 June 2018}}</ref><ref name="MosesAsylum">{{Cite news|author=Kelso|first=Paul|date=20 May 2005|url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2005/may/20/football.immigration|title=14-year-old asylum seeker becomes school's football hero|work=The Guardian|accessdate=23 July 2008}}</ref><ref name="Independent1">{{Cite news|title=FA Cup: Orphaned Victor Moses feels very much at home with Chelsea|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/fa-league-cups/fa-cup-orphaned-victor-moses-feels-very-much-at-home-with-chelsea-8527874.html|work=The Independent|accessdate=11 November 2014}}</ref> Ọ gara Stanley Technical High School (nke a maara ugbu a dị ka Harris Academy) na South Norwood. N'ịbụ onye Scout na-egwu bọọlụ na Tandridge Njikọ maka Cosmos 90 FC, Crystal Palace bịakwutere ya, na ámá egwuregwu Selhurst Park nke klọb ahụ dị n'okporo ámá dị anya site n'ụlọ akwụkwọ ya.<ref name="Independent1" /> N'ịbụ onye e nyere ọnọdụ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ Ugo, Palace tụụrụ ya aro ka ọ gaa ụlọ akwụkwọ Whitgift na-akwụ ụgwọ na Croydon, ebe onye bụbu onye Arsenal na Chelsea bụ Colin Pates na-azụ ndị otu egwuregwu bọọlụ ụlọ akwụkwọ.<ref name="Independent1"/> Moses malitere ịpụta na 14 mgbe ọ gbasịrị goolu 50 maka ndị nọ n'okpuru afọ 14 nke Palace. N'ịgba bọọlụ afọ atọ na Whitgift na Palace, Moses gbara ihe karịrị 100 goolu yana inyere Whitgift aka imeri ọtụtụ iko ụlọ akwụkwọ, gụnyere iko mba ebe Moses gbara goolu ise niile na nke ikpeazụ megide Ụlọ akwụkwọ na-agwọ ọrịa Grimsby na Ama egwuregwu Walkers, Leicester.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Looking back at when Liverpool and Chelsea ace Victor Moses stunned Healing's dream team|url=http://www.grimsbytelegraph.co.uk/Looking-Liverpool-Chelsea-ace-Victor-Moses/story-20471306-detail/story.html|work=Grimsby Telegraph|accessdate=11 November 2014}}</ref> === Crystal Palace === Moses mere egwuregwu mbụ ya maka Palace mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na isii na 6 Nọvemba N'afọ 2007 na 1 China na Cardiff City na Asọmpi.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Cardiff 1–1 Crystal Palace|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_div_1/7076416.stm|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=11 November 2014}}</ref> Ọ nọgidere n'ọnọdụ ya n'akụkụ mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị wee gbaa goolu mbụ ya dị elu na 12 Machị N'afọ 2008 na 1 - 1 ise na West Bromwich Albion.<ref>{{Cite news|title=West Brom 1–1 Crystal Palace|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_div_1/7287966.stm|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=11 November 2014}}</ref> N'ozuzu, Moses gbara bọọlụ ugboro iri na isii n'afọ 2007 ka Palace ruru asọmpi asọmpi Asọmpi ebe ha meriri Bristol City.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Bristol City v C Palace as it happened|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_div_1/7399418.stm|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=11 November 2014}}</ref> Na ngwụcha oge ahụ, ọ bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta ọhụrụ na Selhurst Park, nke mere ka onye njikwa Neil Warnock nwee obi ụtọ, onye kwuru, "Ntinye aka Victor bụ nnukwu ihe maka klọb ahụ; agwa m Victor na ọ nwere ike ịga elu dịka ọ chọrọ. Ọ na-akawanye mma kwa ụbọchị ma enwere m obi ụtọ na ọ bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta a n'ihi na ọ bụ onye ọkpụkpọ ga-esi n'ike gaa n'ike.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Moses signs four-year Palace deal|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/teams/c/crystal_palace/7529661.stm|work=BBC Sport|date=28 July 2008|accessdate=11 November 2014}}</ref> Moses gbara ugboro abụọ n'ime egwuregwu 32 n'afọ 2008 n'ihi na Palace nwere mkpọsa na-akụda mmụọ, na-agwụ na ọnọdụ nke iri na ise. N'afọ 2009, Moses gbara goolu isii n'egwuregwu asatọ mana Palace nwere nnukwu nsogbu ego ma klọb ahụ batara n'ọchịchị na Jenụwarị N'afọ 2010.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Crystal Palace deducted 10 points|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/teams/c/crystal_palace/8484824.stm|work=BBC Sport|date=28 January 2010|accessdate=11 November 2014}}</ref> === Wigan Athletic === N'ụbọchị ikpeazụ nke Jenụwarị N'afọ 2010, ọ rụzuru £ 2.5 nde na Wigan Athletic nke Njikọ Njikọ mgbe Palace banyere na nchịkwa.<ref>{{Cite news|date=31 January 2010|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/leagues/championship/crystalpalace/7121319/Victor-Moses-joins-Wigan-Athletic-as-Crystal-Palace-fire-sale-begins.html|title=Victor Moses joins Wigan Athletic as Crystal Palace fire sale begins|work=The Daily Telegraph|accessdate=31 January 2010|first=Jonathan|author=Liew}}</ref> O mere nke mbụ ya na 6 Febụwarị N'afọ 2010 dị ka onye na-anọchi Sunderland na 1 China draw.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/eng_prem/8493730.stm|title=Sunderland 1–1 Wigan|date=6 February 2010|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=1 March 2010}}</ref> Na 20 Machị N'afọ 2010, Moses bịara dị ka onye nọchiri Burnley wee nweta enyemaka mbụ ya maka klọb ahụ, na-eguzobe Hugo Rodallega maka onye mmeri oge mmerụ ahụ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.wiganlatics.co.uk/page/NewsDetail/0,,10429~2001372,00.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100612181312/http://www.wiganlatics.co.uk/page/NewsDetail/0,,10429~2001372,00.html|archivedate=12 June 2010|title=Victor-ious|publisher=Wigan Athletic F.C.|date=22 March 2010|accessdate=12 October 2013}}</ref> Ọ gbara goolu mbụ ya maka Wigan na 3 Mee N'afọ 2010 megide Hull City.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_prem/8649742.stm|title=Wigan 2–2 Hull|work=BBC Sport|date=3 May 2010|accessdate=3 May 2010}}</ref> Moses merụrụ ahụ ugboro abụọ na mbido oge 2010 na 1911, ọ na-esikwa ya ike ịlaghachi n'ime otu mbụ n'ihi mmụba asọmpi maka ebe.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.clicklancashire.com/my-click/my-real-life/127932-wigan-athletic-winger-victor-moses-wants-tottenham-hotspur-shot.html|title=Wigan Athletic winger Victor Moses wants Tottenham Hotspur shot|work=Click Lancashire|date=26 August 2010|accessdate=1 October 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120310202954/http://www.clicklancashire.com/my-click/my-real-life/127932-wigan-athletic-winger-victor-moses-wants-tottenham-hotspur-shot.html|archivedate=10 March 2012}}</ref> Ọ gbara goolu mbụ ya n'egwuregwu ahụ n'ụbọchị iri na atọ n'ọnwa Nọvemba n'afọ 2010 na mmeri ya na West Bromwich Albion.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/premier-league/moses-and-nzogbia-lead-wigan-out-of-wilderness-2133596.html|title=Moses and N'Zogbia lead Wigan out of wilderness|date=14 November 2010|accessdate=16 November 2010|work=The Independent|first=Darren|author=Witcoop}}</ref> Mgbe ọpụpụ nke onye na-agba ọsọ Charles N'Zogbia gasịrị, Moses ghọrọ onye mbido Wigan na oge N'afọ 2011 na 12. N'abalị iri n'ọnwa Disemba n'afọ 2011, ọ gbara goolu mbụ ya n'oge ahụ megide West Brom bụ goolu mbụ ọ gbara kemgbe ọ gbara otu otu otu egwuregwu ahụ n'oge gara aga. === Chelsea === ==== Afọ 2012 na 13 ==== [[Usòrò:Victor_Moses_Fabio_Santos_2012_FIFA_Club_World_Cup.jpg|thumb|Moses na Fábio Santos nke Corinthians na 2012 FIFA Club World Cup Final]] N'abalị iri abụọ na atọ n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ n'afọ 2012, Wigan nabatara arịrịọ nke ise site n'aka Chelsea mgbe ha mechara zute ọnụahịa Wigan na-arịọ arịrịọ mgbe arịrịọ anọ na-enweghị isi. E nyere onye ọkpụkpọ ahụ ikike ịgwa Chelsea okwu.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.wiganlatics.co.uk/news/article/12-08-23-club-statement-victor-moses-331637.aspx|title=Club confirm Victor Moses bid accepted|publisher=Wigan Athletic F.C|date=23 August 2012|accessdate=23 August 2012}}</ref> N'abalị iri abụọ na anọ n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ, Chelsea kwupụtara na ebufeela Moses.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.chelseafc.com/news-article/article/2899473|title=Moses Transfer Completed|publisher=Chelsea F.C|date=24 August 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131028165252/http://www.chelseafc.com/news-article/article/2899473|archivedate=28 October 2013}}</ref> Moses gbara egwuregwu mbụ ya maka Chelsea mgbe ọ pụtara dị ka onye na-anọchi anya ndị na-asọmpi West London Ogige QueensRangers na 15 Septemba.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www1.skysports.com/football/live/match/261597/report|title=Anton refuses to shake on it|work=Sky Sports|date=15 September 2012|accessdate=22 July 2013}}</ref> Moses mere nke mbụ ya zuru oke maka Chelsea mgbe ọ malitere egwuregwu Iko Njikọ megide Wolverhampton Wanderers wee gbaa goolu mbụ ya mgbe nkeji iri asaa na otu gachara n'egwuregwu nke mechara na Blues.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/19632463|title=Chelsea 6–0 Wolves|work=BBC Sport|date=25 September 2012|accessdate=29 August 2013}}</ref> Moses malitere egwuregwu mbụ ya na Nordsjælland. N'abalị iri atọ na otu n'ọnwa Ọktoba, a kpọrọ Moses Man of the Match megide Manchester United na Iko Njikọ, egwuregwu Chelsea meriri 5o4.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.adifferentleague.co.uk/p6_0_17387_chelsea-focus-revenge-is-sweet-in-man-utd-win.html|title=Chelsea Focus&nbsp;– Revenge is sweet in Man Utd win|date=2 November 2012|accessdate=2 November 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121104075335/http://www.adifferentleague.co.uk/p6_0_17387_chelsea-focus-revenge-is-sweet-in-man-utd-win.html|archivedate=4 November 2012}}</ref> N'abalị atọ n'ọnwa Nọvemba n'afọ 2012, Moses gbara goolu mbụ ya na Njikọ Njikọ maka Chelsea n'egwuregwu ya na Swansea City, nke gwụrụ na 1 01.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://espnfc.com/us/en/report/345755/report.html?soccernet=true&cc=5901|title=Swansea 1–1 Chelsea|publisher=ESPN FC|date=3 November 2012|accessdate=3 November 2012}}</ref> Ụbọchị anọ ka e mesịrị, ọ gbara goolu mbụ ya na Njikọ Njikọ maka Chelsea megide Shakhtar Donetsk; Moses nọchiri Oscar na nkeji nke 79 wee gaa n'ihu na nkuku Juan Mata na sekọnd fọdụrụ iji nweta mmeri 3 South2.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/20150427|title=Chelsea 3–2 Shakhtar Donetsk|date=7 November 2012|accessdate=7 November 2012|work=BBC Sport}}</ref> N'ụbọchị nke ise n'ọnwa Jenụwarị n'afọ 2013, Moses meghere akara ya n'afọ ahụ site n'ịgba ọsọ dị ike n'akụkụ ala mgbe ọ na-egwu na agba nke atọ nke Iko FA megide Southampton, dịka Chelsea si n'azụ wee merie ndị Saints n'azụ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/20863303|title=Demba Ba scored twice on his Chelsea debut as the FA Cup holders came from behind against Southampton to ease into the fourth round at St Mary's Stadium.|work=BBC Sport|date=5 January 2013|accessdate=22 July 2013}}</ref> Moses gbara goolu mbụ ya na Europa League maka Chelsea na mmeri 3 na 1 n'ụlọ megide Rubin Kazan, wee gbaa nke abụọ ya na egwuregwu ọzọ otu izu ka e mesịrị.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/21963641|title=Fernando Torres scored twice to help Chelsea take a huge stride towards the Europa League's last four.|work=BBC Sport|date=4 April 2013|accessdate=22 July 2013}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/22023533|title=Chelsea sealed their place in the Europa League semi-finals despite a careless second-leg defeat against Rubin Kazan in Russia.|work=BBC Sport|date=11 April 2013|accessdate=22 July 2013}}</ref> Ọ gara n'ihu n'ụdị ya dị mma na asọmpi ahụ site n'ịgba goolu mbụ nke otu ya na mmeri 1 South na Basel na 25 Eprel.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.uefa.com/uefaeuropaleague/season=2013/matches/round=2000360/match=2010092/postmatch/report/index.html|title=Last-gasp Luiz strike leaves Chelsea in charge|publisher=UEFA|date=25 April 2013|accessdate=22 July 2013}}</ref> Ọ gbakwara bọọlụ n'egwuregwu ọzọ megide Basel mgbe Blues meriri 3o1 n'ụlọ wee nweta òkè ha na Europa League Final, egwuregwu nke Moses na-egosighị mana Blues meriri 2o1 megide Benfica na Amsterdam na 15 Mee.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/teams/chelsea/10033915/Chelsea-3–FC-Basle-1-agg-5–2-match-report.html|title=Chelsea 3 FC Basle 1; agg 5–2: match report|work=The Daily Telegraph|date=2 May 2013|accessdate=22 July 2013}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.uefa.com/uefaeuropaleague/season=2013/matches/round=2000361/match=2010095/postmatch/report/index.html|title=Ivanović heads Chelsea to Europa League glory|publisher=UEFA|date=15 May 2013|accessdate=22 July 2013}}</ref> ==== Afọ 2013 na 14: Ịgbazinye Liverpool ==== Na 2 Septemba N'afọ 2013, Moses bịanyere aka na Liverpool na nkwekọrịta mgbazinye ego ogologo oge.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.liverpoolfc.com/news/media-watch/sky-sports-moses-deal-completed|title=Moses deal completed|publisher=Liverpool FC|date=2 September 2013|accessdate=2 September 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130905103418/http://www.liverpoolfc.com/news/media-watch/sky-sports-moses-deal-completed|archivedate=5 September 2013}}</ref> Ọ gbara bọọlụ na nke mbụ ya na 16 Septemba megide Swansea City na 2 na-aga n'ihu.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/24012560|title=Swansea 2 Liverpool 2|date=16 September 2013|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=27 May 2018}}</ref> N'abalị iri abụọ na ise n'ọnwa Jenụwarị n'afọ 2014, ọ gbara goolu mbụ nke mmeri 2 na AFC Bournemouth na agba nke anọ nke iko FA.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Bournemouth 0 – 2 Liverpool|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/25789339|accessdate=7 February 2014|work=BBC Sport|date=25 January 2014}}</ref> N'ihi ụdị Raheem Sterling n'oge oge N'afọ 2013 na 14, Moses chọtara ohere siri ike ịbịa n'okpuru Brendan Rodgers, na-egwu egwuregwu 22 nke naanị itoolu n'ime ha malitere.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Chelsea fury as Liverpool sideline striker Victor Moses|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/teams/chelsea/10554657/Chelsea-fury-as-Liverpool-sideline-striker-Victor-Moses.html|work=The Daily Telegraph|accessdate=16 November 2014}}</ref> ==== Afọ 2014 na afọ 15: Ịgbazinye Stoke City ==== N'abalị iri na isii n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ n'afọ 2014, Moses sonyeere Stoke City na mgbazinye maka oge N'afọ 2014 na afọ 15.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Moses moves to Stoke|url=http://www.chelseafc.com/news/latest-news/2014/08/moses-moves-to-stoke.html|work=Chelsea F.C|accessdate=16 August 2014}}</ref> O mere egwuregwu Njikọ Njikọ mbụ ya maka Stoke City na 30 Ọgọstụ na mmeri 1 na Manchester City.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Man City 0–1 Stoke|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/28907276|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=16 September 2014}}</ref> Na mmeri Stoke meriri Newcastle United na 29 Septemba, Moses nyere aka maka otu goolu Peter Crouch gbara ma họpụta ya Nwoke nke egwuregwu maka arụmọrụ ya.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Stoke 1–0 Newcastle|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/29305924|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=6 October 2014}}</ref> N'abalị iri na itoolu n'ọnwa Ọktoba, na mmeri ha meriri Swansea City, Moses meriri ntaramahụhụ mgbe ọ gbadatara n'okpuru ihe ịma aka nke Àngel Rangel; mgbe egwuregwu ahụ gasịrị, onye njikwa Swansea Garry Monk kwuru na Moses dara.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Stoke 2–1 Swansea|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/29586592|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=14 November 2014}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Swansea boss Garry Monk criticises 'cheat' Victor Moses|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/29682896|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=14 November 2014}}</ref> Onye na-ahụ maka ''egwuregwu nke ụbọchị'' nke abụọ bụ John Hartson kwukwara na Moses ghọgburu, mana o mechara rịọ Moses mgbaghara maka okwu ya.<ref>{{Cite web|title=John Hartson apologises to Stoke's Victor Moses over 'cheat' claims|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/29770009|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=14 November 2014}}</ref> Moses gbara goolu mbụ ya maka Stoke na 1 Nọvemba na 2 na West Ham United.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Stoke 2–2 West Ham|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/29768017|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=14 November 2014}}</ref> O merụrụ ahụ n'apata ụkwụ megide Burnley na 22 Nọvemba nke mere ka ọ ghara ịga izu asatọ.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Victor Moses: Stoke City striker faces eight weeks out|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/30210377|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=29 November 2014}}</ref> N'abalị iri na asaa n'ọnwa Jenụwarị n'afọ 2015, Moses laghachiri na mbido megide Leicester City, nke mechiri na mmeri Stoke.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Leicester City vs Stoke City|url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2015/01/17/england/premier-league/leicester-city-fc/stoke-city-fc/1703921/|work=Soccerway|date=17 January 2015}}</ref> N'abalị iri abụọ na otu n'ọnwa Febụwarị, Moses gbara penalty na nkeji iri itoolu iji nweta Stoke mmeri iri abụọ na iri na otu na ndị na-asọmpi Midlands Aston Villa na Villa Park.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Aston Villa 1–2 Stoke|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/31466727|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=14 April 2015}}</ref> O nwetakwara goolu na mmeri 2 na Everton na 4 Machị.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Stoke 2–0 Everton|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/31616988|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=14 April 2015}}</ref> Site na André Schürrle na Mohamed Salah na-apụ na-adịgide adịgide na ịgbazinye ego, n'otu n'otu, a mara ọkwa na onye njikwa Chelsea bụ José Mourinho gbalịrị icheta Moses site na Stoke n'etiti oge, naanị maka onye na-agba ọsọ ịjụ ịlaghachi azụ.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Victor Moses rejected return to Chelsea|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/teams/chelsea/11486800/Victor-Moses-rejected-return-to-Chelsea.html|work=The Daily Telegraph|accessdate=20 March 2015}}</ref> Moses merụrụ ahụ n'ọkpụkpụ ụkwụ mgbe ọ na-egwuri egwu megide West Ham na 11 Eprel, nke mere ka ọ ghara ịga n'ihu n'oge fọdụrụnụ.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Victor Moses returns to Stamford Bridge with injury|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/teams/chelsea/11535854/Chelsea-news-Victor-Moses-returns-to-Stamford-Bridge-with-injury.html|archiveurl=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220112/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/teams/chelsea/11535854/Chelsea-news-Victor-Moses-returns-to-Stamford-Bridge-with-injury.html|archivedate=12 January 2022|work=The Daily Telegraph|accessdate=14 April 2015}}</ref> ==== Afọ 2015 na afọ 16: Ịgbazinye West Ham United ==== [[Usòrò:West_Ham_United_Vs_Manchester_City_(24366292089).jpg|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|Moses na bọọlụ n'oge ọ na-agbazinye na West Ham United, na-egwuri egwu megide Manchester City na 2016]] Mgbe oge gara nke ọma na Stoke, Moses laghachiri na Blues wee pụta na egwuregwu anọ niile tupu oge ezumike ma gbaa otu ugboro, megide Paris Saint-Germain F.C. Moses mere asọmpi mbụ ya kemgbe ọ laghachiri n'ụbọchị nke abụọ n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ 2015 megide Arsenal maka Ọta obodo mgbe ọ nọchiri John Terry na nkeji nke iri asatọ na abụọ.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Paris Saint-Germain 1–1 Chelsea|url=http://www.sportsmole.co.uk/football/chelsea/live-commentary/live-commentary-psg-vs-chelsea_235428.html|date=25 July 2015}}</ref> Egwuregwu ahụ gwụrụ na Chelsea meriri 1 0 .<ref>{{Cite web|title=FA Community Shield: Arsenal vs Chelsea|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/live/football/33500342|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=20 August 2015}}</ref> A gụnyekwara Moses na bench n'oge egwuregwu mbụ nke oge ahụ megide Swansea City, ọ bụ ezie na ọ pụtaghị ka Chelsea dọtara 2 Xia2.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2015/08/08/england/premier-league/chelsea-football-club/swansea-city-afc/2043051/|title=Chelsea vs. Swansea City 2 – 2 (8/8/15)|date=8 August 2015|publisher=Soccerway}}</ref> N'ụbọchị mbụ n'ọnwa Septemba n'afọ 2015, Moses sonyeere West Ham United na mgbazinye oge.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Moses signs on loan|url=http://www.whufc.com/News/Articles/2015/September/1-September/Moses-signs-on-loan|publisher=West Ham United|date=1 September 2015}}</ref> Tupu ọ banye West Ham United na mgbazinye ego, Moses bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta afọ anọ ọhụrụ, nke ga-eme ka ọ nọrọ na Chelsea ruo 2019.<ref>{{Cite news|title=New Deal for Moses|url=https://www.chelseafc.com/news/latest-news/2015/08/new-deal-for-moses.html|publisher=Chelsea FC|date=1 September 2015}}</ref> Moses mere West Ham mbụ ya na 14 Septemba na mmeri 2 na Newcastle United, ebe a kpọrọ ya Nwoke nke Egwuregwu.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/34171138|title=West Ham 2–0 Newcastle United|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=15 September 2015}}</ref> N'egwuregwu nke abụọ ya, na 19 Septemba megide Manchester City, Moses gbara naanị goolu West Ham ya, na mmeri 1 02.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/34191909|title=Manchester City 1–2 West Ham|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=20 September 2015}}</ref> N'ụbọchị nke ise n'ọnwa Disemba, n'oge egwuregwu ahụ megide Manchester United, Moses nwere mmerụ ahụ n'ọkpụkpụ ụkwụ nke mere ka ọ ghara ịga ruo n'ọnwarị.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.espnfc.us/west-ham-united/story/2744994/west-ham-forward-victor-moses-to-undergo-scan-on-hamstring|title=West Ham's Victor Moses to undergo scan on hamstring injury|publisher=ESPN|date=7 December 2015}}</ref> N'ọnwa Eprel, a kpughere na nkwekọrịta mgbazinye ego nwekwara nhọrọ iji mee ka ọ gaa na njedebe nke oge, mana West Ham kpebiri ịjụ nhọrọ ahụ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.skysports.com/football/news/11685/10230070/west-ham-to-let-alex-song-victor-moses-and-emmanuel-emenike-leave-8211-sky-sources|title=West Ham to let Alex Song, Victor Moses and Emmanuel Emenike leave – Sky sources|date=4 April 2016|publisher=SkySports}}</ref> ==== Oge 201617 ==== [[Usòrò:Leicester_0_Chelsea_3_(31510599933).jpg|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|Moses (''n'etiti'') na onye otu mba ''Wilfred Ndidi'' (n'aka nri) na-egwuri egwu maka Chelsea megide ndị mmeri Leicester City, 2017]] Mgbe o masịrị onye njikwa ọhụrụ Antonio Conte n'oge mmalite oge, a gụnyere Moses na ndị otu mbụ. N'abalị iri na ise n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ n'afọ 2016, Moses gbara bọọlụ mbụ ya na Chelsea n'ime afọ atọ, na-apụta n'oche maka Eden Hazard megide West Ham United na mmeri 2.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/37006707|title=Chelsea 2–1 West Ham: Costa's late strike earns Conte's first Premier League win|date=15 August 2016|work=BBC Sport}}</ref> N'abalị iri abụọ na atọ n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ, Moses bidoro nke mbụ ya wee gbaa goolu mbụ ya kemgbe ọ laghachiri, na agba nke abụọ nke iko EFL megide Bristol Rovers na mmeri 3[[2.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Chelsea 3–2 Bristol Rovers|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/37091061|work=BBC Sport|date=23 August 2016|accessdate=23 August 2016}}</ref> Mgbe e merisịrị ya n'azụ azụ, Conte gbanwere n'ime usoro 3<nowiki>[[4]]</nowiki> na Moses na-egwuri egwu dị ka onye na-agbachitere n'akụkụ aka nri na egwuregwu na-esonụ megide Hull City. Ọrụ ya dị ka onye na-agbachitere Chelsea nyeere aka inwe mmeri 2 na-emekwa ka ọ bụrụ Nwoke nke Egwuregwu.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/37459840|title=Hull City 0–2 Chelsea|date=1 October 2016|work=BBC Sport}}</ref> N'abalị iri na ise n'ọnwa Ọktoba n'afọ 2016, Moses gbara goolu nke abụọ ya n'egwuregwu ahụ megide Leicester City na mmeri n'ụlọ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/37594219|title=Chelsea 3–0 Leicester City|date=15 August 2016|work=BBC Sport}}</ref> N'abalị iri abụọ na isii n'ọnwa Nọvemba n'afọ 2016, Moses meriri Tottenham Hotspur na mmeri nke abụọ na otu ma kpọọ ya Nwoke nke Egwuregwu.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.skysports.com/football/chelsea-vs-tottenham/356457|title=Chelsea 2–1 Tottenham Hotspur: Blues maintain hold of top spot|publisher=Sky Sports|date=26 September 2016}}</ref> Moses gbara egwuregwu iri anọ na asọmpi niile maka Chelsea n'afọ 2016 na afọ iri na asaa, na-agba goolu anọ. Site na Chelsea na-emeri n'asọmpi Premier League, Moses ghọrọ onye egwuregwu Naijiria na-eme ọtụtụ egwuregwu Premier League maka otu mmeri.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://pulse.ng/sports/football/chelseas-victor-moses-is-a-premier-league-winner-id6670904.html|title=Chelsea"s Victor Moses is a Premier League winner|first=Steve|author=Dede|accessdate=29 May 2017|archivedate=6 June 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170606055919/http://www.pulse.ng/sports/football/chelseas-victor-moses-is-a-premier-league-winner-id6670904.html}}</ref> Moses kpatara nnukwu esemokwu n'oge 2017 FA Cup Final megide Arsenal nke Chelsea meriri 2<nowiki>[[1]]</nowiki>]. Ebe ọ bụ na edepụtara ya maka mmejọ Danny Welbeck na mbụ, e nyere ya ndebanye aha nke abụọ, nke mere ka ọ nweta kaadị uhie, mgbe ọ gbasịrị n'ebe a na-eme ntaramahụhụ. Ọ ghọrọ onye egwuregwu nke ise a chụpụrụ na ngwụcha FA Cup.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://dailypost.ng/2017/05/28/fa-cup-final-victor-moses-joins-four-players-hall-shame/|title=FA Cup final: Victor Moses joins four other players in hall of shame|date=28 May 2017|accessdate=29 May 2017}}</ref> E mere egwuregwu ahụ ụbọchị ise mgbe bọmbụ Manchester Arena nke mmadụ iri abụọ na atọ, ọtụtụ n'ime ha bụ ụmụaka, nwụrụ. Chelsea eyighị armbands ojii n'oge ọkara mbụ mana o mere n'oge nke abụọ. Mgbe ahụ, Moses, mgbe ọ na-apụ n'ámá egwuregwu wepụrụ nke ya ma tụba ya n'ala, na-akpata iwe na mgbasa ozi mmekọrịta, ọtụtụ na-ebo ya ebubo na ọ naghị egosi nkwanye ùgwù nye ndị nwụrụ anwụ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://uk.sports.yahoo.com/news/twitter-angrily-responds-victor-moses-115020620.html?guccounter=1&guce_referrer=aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuZ29vZ2xlLmNvbS8&guce_referrer_sig=AQAAAFkzgoqiYf1b96ikHRvED0jbJaYh0gkAunvi-T4zb5Lw88JmZCKHnAZmX8mLXodq3W4cCsZki2kYjDvLNv0WzdBvm9-vr5Trwu03Xt3J3uqiV1SzvSNWy-GvzengPT8y_ChYV8uu9Zhk_l55h_YTZs-Vp74DBww5ec5loyZ4oTsx|title=Twitter angrily responds to Victor Moses discarding his black armband following FA Cup dismissal|date=28 May 2017|accessdate=4 June 2020|archivedate=3 June 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200603235121/https://uk.sports.yahoo.com/news/twitter-angrily-responds-victor-moses-115020620.html?guccounter=1&guce_referrer=aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuZ29vZ2xlLmNvbS8&guce_referrer_sig=AQAAAFkzgoqiYf1b96ikHRvED0jbJaYh0gkAunvi-T4zb5Lw88JmZCKHnAZmX8mLXodq3W4cCsZki2kYjDvLNv0WzdBvm9-vr5Trwu03Xt3J3uqiV1SzvSNWy-GvzengPT8y_ChYV8uu9Zhk_l55h_YTZs-Vp74DBww5ec5loyZ4oTsx}}</ref> ==== Afọ 2017-18 ==== Moses gbara goolu mmeghe na N'afọ 2017 FA Community Shield, nke Chelsea meriri ndị na-asọmpi Arsenal na penalties.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Arsenal lift Community Shield|date=6 August 2017|accessdate=21 February 2018|work=thefa.com|publisher=The Football Association|url=http://www.thefa.com/news/2017/aug/04/fa-community-shield-arsenal-chelsea-report-060817}}</ref> ==== Afọ 2018-19: Ịkwụ ụgwọ na Fenerbahçe ==== Na Jenụwarị N'afọ 2019, Moses bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta mgbazinye ọnwa iri na asatọ na otu [[Turkéy|Turkey]], Fenerbahçe.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/46984393|title=Victor Moses: Chelsea winger completes Fenerbahce loan|date=25 January 2019|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=26 January 2019}}</ref> N'ụbọchị mbụ n'ọnwa Febụwarị n'afọ 2019, Moses gbara goolu mbụ ya na Fenerbahçe n'asọmpi ahụ n'asọmpị ahụ n'egwuregwu 2 na Göztepe.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.legit.ng/1219383-fenerbahce-2-0-goztepe-victor-moses-scores-turkish-league-goal.html|title=Fenerbahçe 2 - 0 Göztepe: Victor Moses scores first Turkish league goal|accessdate=1 February 2019}}</ref> ==== Afọ 2019: Ịgbazinye Inter Milan ==== Mgbe e belatara nkwekọrịta Fenerbahçe, Moses bịanyere aka na Inter Milan na nkwekọrịta mgbazinye ọnwa isii na nhọrọ ịzụta na 23 Jenụwarị N'afọ 2020.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.inter.it/en/news/2020/01/22/official-victor-moses-inter.html|title=Victor Moses signs for Inter|date=23 January 2020|work=inter.it|accessdate=23 January 2020}}</ref> Ọ bụ otu n'ime ndị egwuregwu atọ bụbu ndị Premier League sonyeere Inter Milan na windo Jenụwarị, n'akụkụ Ashley Young na Christian Eriksen.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://apnews.com/d933aad42c1ada14c478ea33db645bc3|title=Eriksen completes transfer to Inter from Tottenham|date=28 January 2020|work=apnews.com|accessdate=2020-02-02}}</ref> O mere klọb mbụ ya na 29 Jenụwarị, na-abịa dị ka onye nọchiri Antonio Candreva na ọkara nke abụọ na mmeri Fiorentina n'ụlọ na nkeji iri na ise nke Coppa Italia.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/51304229|title=Inter Milan 2–1 Fiorentina|publisher=BBC Sport|date=29 January 2020|accessdate=30 January 2020}}</ref> O mere egwuregwu mbụ ya ụbọchị ole na ole mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, na 2 Febụwarị, malite n'aka nri na mmeri 2 na Udinese.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.football-italia.net/149565/line-ups-udinese-v-inter|title=Line-ups: Udinese v Inter {{!}} Football Italia|work=football-italia.net|accessdate=2 February 2020}}</ref> ==== Oge nke afọ 2020: Ịkwụ ụgwọ na Spartak Moscow ==== N'abalị iri na ise n'ọnwa Ọktoba n'afọ 2020, Moses sonyeere otu egwuregwu Russian Premier League Spartak Moscow na mgbazinye oge na nhọrọ ịzụta.<ref>{{Cite web|publisher=[[FC Spartak Moscow]]|url=https://spartak.com/news/2020-10-15-viktor_mozes__igrok_spartaka/|title=Виктор Мозес — игрок "Спартака"!|date=15 October 2020|language=ru}}</ref> Ụbọchị abụọ ka e mesịrị n'ụbọchị iri na asaa n'ọnwa Ọktoba, o mere nke mbụ ya na klọb ahụ site na bench na mmeri 3 na 2 megide Khimki.<ref>{{Cite web|publisher=[[FC Spartak Moscow]]|url=https://spartak.com/news/2020-10-17-pobeda_v_khimkakh_goly_kokorina_ponse_i_larssona_debyuty_mozesa_i_oganesyana/|title=Победа в Химках! Голы Кокорина, Понсе и Ларссона, дебюты Мозеса и Оганесяна!|date=17 October 2020|language=ru}}</ref> N'abalị iri abụọ na anọ n'ọnwa Ọktoba, ọ pụtara nke mbụ ya dị ka onye mbido wee gbaa goolu mbụ ya maka Spartak na mmeri 3 na 1 megide Krasnodar.<ref>{{Cite web|publisher=[[FC Spartak Moscow]]|url=https://spartak.com/videos/23927541/|title=Сыграли в кайф в Краснодаре! За кадром яркой победы над "быками"|date=25 October 2020|language=ru}}</ref> N'abalị iri na isii n'ọnwa Mee n'afọ 2021, ọ gbara bọọlụ n'egwuregwu ikpeazụ nke 2020 Russian Premier League megide FC Akhmat Grozny iji guzobe akara ikpeazụ nke 2 . Isi ihe Spartak nwetara nwetara nwetara nwetara ọnọdụ nke abụọ na ntinye nke Champions League maka klọb ahụ.<ref>{{Cite web|publisher=[[Russian Premier League]]|url=https://eng.premierliga.ru/match/match_13873.html|title=Akhmat v Spartak game report|date=16 May 2021}}</ref> === Spartak Moscow === N'ụbọchị nke abụọ n'ọnwa Julaị n'afọ 2021, Chelsea kwupụtara na Moses emechaala ịkwaga Spartak Moscow, na-akwụsị mmekọrịta afọ itoolu ya na klọb ahụ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.chelseafc.com/en/news/2021/07/02/victor-moses-completes-russian-transfer|title=Victor Moses completes Russian transfer|publisher=Chelsea F.C.|date=2 July 2021|accessdate=2 July 2021}}</ref> Spartak mara ọkwa n'otu ụbọchị ahụ na ọ bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta afọ abụọ na klọb ahụ.<ref>{{Cite web|publisher=[[FC Spartak Moscow]]|url=https://spartak.com/news/2021-07-02-mozes_podpisal_kontrakt_so_spartakom_na_dva_goda/|title=Мозес подписал контракт со "Спартаком" на два года|date=2 July 2021|language=ru}}</ref> Na 10 Febụwarị 2022, Moses gbatịkwuru nkwekọrịta ya na Spartak ruo 2024. Moses meriri 2021-22 Russian Cup na klọb ya na 29 Mee na mmeri 2-1 Old Russian Derby meriri Dynamo Moscow. == Ọrụ mba ụwa == === England === ==== U16 na U17 ==== N'agbanyeghị na o si Kaduna, Naịjirịa, Moses họọrọ na mbụ ịnọchite anya ebe obibi ya nke England, na-egosi maka ndị otu na-erubeghị afọ iri na isii, ebe ọ meriri Victory Shield na N'afọ 2005, na ọkwa na-erughị afọ iri na asaa. Ya na ndị otu ahụ gara N'afọ 2007 UEFA European U-17 Championship na [[Belgium]], na-agba goolu ugboro atọ (gụnyere naanị goolu na mmeri ikpeazụ na France) iji nyere John Peacock aka na asọmpi ikpeazụ, ebe Spain meriri ha otu goolu, ọ bụ ezie na Moses jisiri ike mechaa dị ka onye kacha gbaa goolu na asọmpi ahụ ma nweta Golden Boot maka ime otú ahụ.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Victor Moses' Biography: From asylum seeker to African champion|url=https://www.modernghana.com/sports/507763/victor-moses-biography-from-asylum-seeker-to-african-champ.html|accessdate=2022-05-27|work=Modern Ghana|language=en}}</ref> N'otu oge okpomọkụ ahụ, ndị otu ahụ gara South Korea maka FIFA U-17 World Cup. Moses mechiri dị ka onye kacha gbaa bọọlụ nke Young Lions, na-agba bọọlụ ugboro atọ na egwuregwu Group B, mana o merụrụ ahụ na mmeri ya meriri Brazil nke mere ka ọ pụọ na asọmpi ahụ. Ndị otu Moses gara n'ihu ruo n'ọkwa nke anọ.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2015-11-01|title=Football Star Victor Moses Full Biography Life And News|url=https://www.takemetonaija.com/2015/11/football-star-victor-moses-full.html|accessdate=2022-05-27|work=TIN Magazine|language=en-GB}}</ref> ==== U19s ==== Mgbe asọmpi ahụ gasịrị, a kwalitere Moses ka ọ bụrụ onye na-erubeghị afọ iri na asatọ, ma na-agbaso ihe ọ na-eme maka ndị otu mbụ nke Crystal Palace, a kwaliri ya ka ọ bụrụ ndị na-erughị afọ iri na itoolu n'enweghị ihe zuru ezu maka U-18 iji nweta okpu n'ezie. Ọ gara na U-19s na 2008 UEFA European U-19 Championship na [[Chekia|Czech Republic]], na-egwu egwuregwu abụọ ma na-enweta otu enyemaka ka Young Lions na-enweghị ike ịpụta na Group B. Nkọwa na-etolite ka onye njikwa Stuart Pearce na-eleghara ya anya na Moses ga-alaghachi igwu egwu maka [[Nigeria national football team|Naịjirịa]] na 2010 FIFA World Cup.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Victor Moses' Biography: From asylum seeker to African champion|url=https://www.modernghana.com/sports/507763/victor-moses-biography-from-asylum-seeker-to-african-champ.html|accessdate=2022-05-27|work=Modern Ghana|language=en}}</ref> ==== U21s ==== A kwalitere Moses ka ọ bụrụ onye na-erubeghị afọ iri abụọ na otu na mbido oge N'afọ 2010 na iri na otu wee mee nke mbụ ya megide Uzbekistan na mmeri abụọ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://thefa.com/England/mens-under-21s/News/match-centre/2010/EnglandvUzbekistan/Teamsheets?p=ts&mid=102750|archiveurl=https://www.webarchive.org.uk/wayback/archive/20110402053009/http://www.thefa.com/England/mens-under-21s/News/match-centre/2010/EnglandvUzbekistan/Teamsheets?p=ts&mid=102750|archivedate=2 April 2011|title=Teamsheets|publisher=The Football Association|accessdate=1 October 2012}}</ref> === Naịjirịa === [[Usòrò:Iran_and_Nigeria_match_at_the_FIFA_World_Cup_2014-06-12_15.jpg|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|Moses na-egwuri egwu maka [[Nigeria national football team|Naịjirịa]] megide Iran na 2014 FIFA World Cup.]] A họpụtara Moses ka ọ gbaa bọọlụ maka [[Nigeria national football team|Naịjirịa]] megide Guatemala na Febụwarị N'afọ 2011, mana a kagburu egwuregwu enyi na enyi.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20180131023459/http://www.kickoff.com/news/19690/shola-ameobi-victor-moses-get-nigeria-call.php Ameobi, Moses get Nigeria call]. kickoff.com. 14 January 2011.</ref> Ọ nabatara oku na Machị 2011 maka egwuregwu Naịjirịa megide Ethiopia na Kenya.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/africa/9431866.stm|title=Victor Moses gets late Nigeria call|work=BBC Sport|date=24 March 2011|accessdate=7 December 2012}}</ref> Otú ọ dị, a chụpụrụ ya n'egwuregwu ndị ahụ n'ihi na enwetaghị akwụkwọ ya na FIFA iji gbanwee mba n'oge. A mara ọkwa na 1 Nọvemba N'afọ 2011 na FIFA ewepụla Moses na Shola Ameobi ka ha gwuo egwu maka Naịjirịa.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/15524642.stm|title=Fifa clears Shola Ameobi, Moses to play for Nigeria|date=1 November 2011|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=1 November 2011}}</ref> A kpọrọ Moses ka ọ bịa n'òtù ndị ikom iri abụọ na atọ nke Naịjirịa maka iko mba Afrịka nke afọ 2013, na-enweta ntaramahụhụ abụọ n'egwuregwu ikpeazụ ha na Etiopia, nke Naịjarịa chọrọ iji merie iji gafee. Maka nke abụọ, e nyere onye na-edebe goolu nke Etiopia bụ Sisay Bancha akwụkwọ nke abụọ ya na ihe omume ndị dugara na penalty ma chụpụ ya. Ethiopia ejirila ndị nnọchi anya atọ ahụ mee ihe n'ihi ya onye na-ejide ha n'etiti etiti gara n'ime goolu, wee hapụ penalty Moses. Egwuregwu ahụ gwụrụ n'afọ 2-0. Naịjirịa gara n'ihu merie asọmpi ahụ, nke atọ ha. Moses malitere na ngwụcha wee gbaa egwuregwu ahụ dum.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/20970786|title=Nations Cup 2013: Nigeria pick six locally-based players|author=Oluwashina Okeleji|date=10 January 2013|accessdate=10 January 2013|work=BBC Sport}}</ref> A họpụtara Moses maka ndị otu Naịjirịa maka N'afọ 2014 FIFA World Cup<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/teams/nigeria/10810433/Nigeria-World-Cup-2014-squad.html|archiveurl=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220112/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/teams/nigeria/10810433/Nigeria-World-Cup-2014-squad.html|archivedate=12 January 2022|title=Nigeria World Cup 2014 squad|first=Telegraph|author=Sport|date=2 June 2014}}</ref> wee malite na egwuregwu mmeghe ha na agba nke 16 megide France ka ha meriri 2 00.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/27969976|title=France 2-0 Nigeria|date=30 June 2014}}</ref> [[Usòrò:FWC_2018_-_Group_D_-_NGA_v_ISL_-_Photo_37.jpg|áká_èkpè|thumb|Moses na-agba ọsọ n'efu maka [[Nigeria national football team|Naịjirịa]] n'oge 2018 FIFA World Cup.]] Mgbe Gernot Rohr malitere dị ka onye isi nchịkwa Naịjirịa n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ N'afọ 2016, Moses gosipụtara mgbe niile na egwuregwu FIFA 2018.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.espnfc.com/nigeria/story/2984833/premier-league-duo-victor-moses-odion-ighalo-earn-nigeria-recalls|title=Premier League duo Victor Moses, Odion Ighalo earn Nigeria recalls|date=30 October 2016|publisher=ESPN FC|accessdate=12 November 2016}}</ref> Moses nyere Naịjirịa akara n'oge egwuregwu FIFA N'afọ 2018 megide Algeria na Nọvemba 2016, na-enyere ha aka inweta mmeri 3o1 .<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://metro.co.uk/2016/11/12/chelsea-duo-victor-moses-and-john-obi-mikel-seal-win-for-nigeria-6254332/|title=Chelsea duo Victor Moses and John Obi Mikel seal win for Nigeria|date=12 November 2016|work=Metro|accessdate=12 November 2016}}</ref> N'ọnwa Mee afọ 2018, a kpọrọ aha ya na [[Nigeria national football team|ndị otu]] mmadụ iri atọ nke Naijiria maka 2018 World Cup na Russia, ebe ọ nwetara ihe dị mkpa megide Argentina, ọ bụ ezie na, akụkụ ya meriri egwuregwu ahụ na nkeji ole na ole iji hụ Argentina site na Naijiria ka e wepụrụ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.goal.com/en-gb/news/revealed-every-world-cup-2018-squad-23-man-preliminary-lists/oa0atsduflsv1nsf6oqk576rb|title=Revealed: Every World Cup 2018 squad - 23-man & preliminary lists & when will they be announced? - Goal.com}}</ref> Mgbe asọmpi ahụ gasịrị, Moses mara ọkwa na 15 Ọgọstụ na ọ lara ezumike nká n'ịgba bọọlụ mba Naịjirịa.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/45200919|title=Victor Moses: Chelsea's Nigeria winger announces international retirement at 27|work=BBC Sport|date=15 August 2018|accessdate=15 August 2018}}</ref> == Ndụ onwe onye == Moses tolitere na-akwado Arsenal.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Victor Moses: Talentspotter|url=https://www.fourfourtwo.com/features/victor-moses-talentspotter|work=FourFourTwo|accessdate=16 June 2017|date=1 December 2009}}</ref> O nwere nwa nwoke, Brentley, (amụrụ n'afọ 2012) na nwa nwanyị, Nyah, (amuru n'afọ 2015).<ref>{{Cite web|title=Victor Moses dedicates brace to his son Brentley|url=http://www.goal.com/en-ng/news/4687/2015-afcon-qualification/2013/01/30/3713255/victor-moses-dedicates-brace-to-his-son-brentley|work=Goal.com|accessdate=16 November 2014}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Congratulations Mr and Mrs Moses|url=http://www.chelsea.vitalfootball.co.uk/article.asp?a=550384|work=Chelsea Vital|accessdate=9 February 2015|archivedate=25 February 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180225205954/http://www.chelsea.vitalfootball.co.uk/article.asp?a=550384}}</ref> == Ndekọ ọnụ ọgụgụ ọrụ == === Klọb === {{updated|<!--match played--> 6 August 2022}}<ref name=Sb>{{cite web |url=http://www.soccerbase.com/players/player.sd?player_id=47716 |title=Victor Moses: Football Stats |publisher=Soccerbase |access-date=2 April 2015 }}</ref><ref name=Soccerway>{{Soccerway|viktor-moses/25395}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+Ndekọ ọnụ ọgụgụ klọb ! rowspan="2" |Klọb ! rowspan="2" |Oge ! colspan="3" |Njikọ ! colspan="2" |Iko Mba ! colspan="2" |Iko Njikọ ! colspan="2" |Europe ! colspan="2" |Ndị ọzọ ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta |- !Nkewa !Ngwa !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ !Ngwa !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ !Ngwa !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ !Ngwa !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ !Ngwa !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ !Ngwa !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ |- | rowspan="4" |Crystal Palace |2007-08 |Mmeri |13 |3 |1 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |2 |0 |16 |3 |- |200809 |Mmeri |27 |2 |3 |0 |2 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |32 |2 |- |2009 na iri |Mmeri |18 |6 |1 |0 |2 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |21 |6 |- ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta !58 !11 !5 !0 !4 !0 ! colspan="2" |Ọdịdị !2 !0 !69 !11 |- | rowspan="5" |Wigan Athletic |2009 na iri<ref name="sb0910">{{Soccerbase season|47716|2009|access-date=7 December 2012}}</ref> |Njikọ Premier |14 |1 |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |14 |1 |- |2010-11 |Njikọ Premier |21 |1 |2 |0 |3 |1 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |26 |2 |- |2011-12 |Njikọ Premier |38 |6 |1 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |39 |6 |- |201213 |Njikọ Premier |1 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |1 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta !74 !8 !3 !0 !3 !1 ! colspan="2" |Ọdịdị ! colspan="2" |Ọdịdị !80 !9 |- | rowspan="6" |Chelsea |201213<ref name="sb1213" /> |Njikọ Premier |23 |1 |5 |2 |3 |2 |10 |5 |2 |0 |43 |10 |- |201516 |Njikọ Premier |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |1 |0 |1 |0 |- |201617 |Njikọ Premier |34 |3 |4 |0 |2 |1 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |40 |4 |- |2017 18 |Njikọ Premier |28 |3 |3 |0 |2 |0 |4 [nke dị ala-alpha 5] |0 |1 |1 |38 |4 |- |201819 |Njikọ Premier |2 |0 |0 |0 |1 |0 |2[Lower-alpha 6] |0 |1 |0 |6 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta !87 !7 !12 !2 !8 !3 !16 !5 !5 !1 !128 !18 |- |Liverpool (onye a gbazitere) |201314 |Njikọ Premier |19 |1 |2 |1 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |22 |2 |- |Stoke City (onye a gbazitere) |2014-15 |Njikọ Premier |19 |3 |2 |1 |2 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |23 |4 |- |West Ham United (ụgwọ) |201516<ref name="sb1516" /> |Njikọ Premier |21 |1 |4 |1 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |26 |2 |- | rowspan="3" |Fenerbahçe (onye a gbazitere) |201819<ref name="sb1819" /> |Süper Lig |14 |4 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |2 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |16 |4 |- |201920 |Süper Lig |6 |1 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |7 |1 |- ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta !20 !5 !1 !0 ! colspan="2" |Ọdịdị !2 !0 ! colspan="2" |Ọdịdị !23 !5 |- |Inter Milan (nke a gbazitere) |201920<ref name="sb1920" /> |Usoro A |12 |0 |3 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |5 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |20 |0 |- |Spartak Moscow (gbazinye ego) |2020 21 |Russian Premier League |19 |4 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |20 |4 |- | rowspan="3" |Spartak Moscow |2021 22 |Russian Premier League |25 |2 |2 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |7 |1 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |34 |3 |- |202223 |Russian Premier League |4 |2 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |4 |2 |- ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta !48 !8 !3 !0 ! colspan="2" |Ọdịdị !7 !1 ! colspan="2" |Ọdịdị !58 !9 |- ! colspan="3" |Ọrụ zuru ezu !359 !44 !35 !5 !19 !4 !30 !6 !7 !1 !449 !60 |} === Mba ụwa === {{updated|match played 26 June 2018}}<ref name="Moses, Victor">{{NFT player|id=46799|access-date=10 February 2013}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+Ndekọ mba ụwa !Ndị otu mba !Afọ !Ngwa !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ |- | rowspan="7" |[[Nigeria national football team|Naịjirịa]] |2012 |6 |2 |- |2013 |11 |4 |- |2014 |6 |1 |- |2015 |0 |0 |- |2016 |4 |2 |- |2017 |3 |1 |- |2018 |7 |2 |- ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta !37 !12 |} : ''Akara na nsonaazụ depụtara ihe mgbaru ọsọ Naịjirịa na mbụ''. {| class="wikitable" !Mba. !Ụbọchị !Ebe a na-anọ !Onye mmegide !Ihe ndị a tụrụ !Nsonaazụ !Ịsọ mpi |- |1 | rowspan="2" |13 Ọktoba 2012 | rowspan="2" |U. J. Esuene Stadium, [[Calabar]], Nigeria | rowspan="2" | Liberia |{{center|'''3'''–0}} | rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |6 na 1 | rowspan="2" |2013 Africa Cup of Nations iru eru |- |2 |{{center|'''6'''–1}} |- |3 | rowspan="2" |29 Jenụwarị 2013 | rowspan="2" |Royal Bafokeng Stadium, Rustenburg, South Africa | rowspan="2" | Ethiopia |{{center|'''1'''–0}} | rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |2 na 0 | rowspan="2" |2013 Africa Cup of Nations |- |4 |{{center|'''2'''–0}} |- |5 |7 Septemba 2013 |U.J. Esuene Stadium, Calabar, Nigeria | Malawi |{{center|'''2'''–0}} |{{center|2–0}} |2014 FIFA World Cup iru eru |- |6 |16 Nọvemba 2013 |U.J. Esuene Stadium, Calabar, Nigeria | Ethiopia |{{center|'''1'''–0}} |{{center|2–0}} |2014 FIFA World Cup iru eru |- |7 |7 June 2014 |EverBank Field, Jacksonville, United States | United States |{{center|'''1'''–2}} |{{center|1–2}} |Ndị nwere omume enyi |- |8 | rowspan="2" |12 Nọvemba 2016 | rowspan="2" |Godswill Akpabio International Stadium, [[Uyo]], Nigeria | rowspan="2" | Algeria |{{center|'''1'''–0}} | rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |31 Nke 1 | rowspan="3" |2018 FIFA World Cup iru eru |- |9 |{{center|'''3'''–1}} |- |10 |1 Septemba 2017 |Godswill Akpabio International Stadium, Uyo, Nigeria | Cameroon |{{center|'''3'''–0}} |{{center|4–0}} |- |11 |23 Machị 2018 |Stadion Miejski, Wrocław, Poland | Poland |{{center|'''1'''–0}} |{{center|1–0}} |Ndị nwere omume enyi |- |12 |26 June 2018 |Ogige Egwuregwu Krestovsky, St. Petersburg, Russia | Argentina |{{center|'''1'''–1}} |{{center|1–2}} |2018 FIFA World Cup |} == Nsọpụrụ == '''Chelsea''' * Premier League: 201617<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.premierleague.com/players/3983/Victor-Moses/overview|title=Victor Moses: Overview|publisher=Premier League|accessdate=17 April 2018}}</ref> * FA Cup: 2017 na-esote: 2016 na-eso<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/44091559|title=Chelsea 1–0 Manchester United|first=Phil|author=McNulty|work=BBC Sport|date=19 May 2018|accessdate=19 May 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/39984089|title=Arsenal 2–1 Chelsea|first=Phil|author=McNulty|work=BBC Sport|date=27 May 2017|accessdate=22 April 2019}}</ref> * UEFA Europa League: 2012 na 13, 2018<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/48368406|title=Chelsea 4–1 Arsenal|first=Chris|author=Bevan|work=BBC Sport|date=29 May 2019|accessdate=29 May 2019}}</ref> na<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/22445388|title=Benfica 1–2 Chelsea|first=Phil|author=McNulty|work=BBC Sport|date=15 May 2013}}</ref> '''Inter Milan''' * Onye nke abụọ na UEFA Europa League: 201920 '''Spartak Moscow''' * Iko mba Rọshịa: 2021<ref>{{Cite web|publisher=Russian Premier League|url=https://premierliga.ru/news/rfpl/news_28138.html|title="Спартак" обыграл "Динамо" и стал 4-кратным победителем Кубка России|date=29 May 2022|language=ru|accessdate=15 November 2022|archivedate=29 May 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220529165639/https://premierliga.ru/news/rfpl/news_28138.html}}</ref> '''Naịjirịa''' * Iko Mba Afrịka: 2013<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/21396138|title=Nigeria 1–0 Burkina Faso|first=Ian|author=Hughes|work=BBC Sport|date=10 February 2013|accessdate=17 April 2018}}</ref> '''Onye ọ bụla''' * PFA Fans' Premier League Player of the Month: November 2016<ref>{{Cite news|title=Chelsea's Victor Moses wins PFA Fans' Premier League Player of the Month|url=http://www.skysports.com/football/news/11661/10676716/cheleas-victor-moses-wins-pfa-fans-premier-league-player-of-the-month|publisher=Sky Sports|accessdate=4 December 2016}}</ref> == Ihe odide == == Njikọ mpụga == {{Commons category}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20181005210129/https://www.chelseafc.com/en/teams/first-team/victor-moses?pageTab=biography Profaịlụ] na ebe nrụọrụ weebụ Chelsea FC * Victor Moses at Soccerbase {{Navboxes|title=Nigeria squads|bg=#008751|fg=white|bordercolor=silver|list1={{Nigeria squad 2013 Africa Cup of Nations}} {{Nigeria squad 2014 FIFA World Cup}} {{Nigeria squad 2018 FIFA World Cup}}}}{{UEFA European Under-17 Football Championship awards}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] bvhkgv5r2fv1n6o6muyye8y2nfqh6ty 644399 644398 2026-05-30T22:51:11Z Sayvhior 13464 /* Njikọ mpụga */ 644399 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}   '''Victor Moses''' (amụrụ na 12 Disemba N'afọ 1990) bụ onye Naijiria na-agba bọọlụ nke na-agba egwu dị ka [[Footbọl|onye]] na-agba ọsọ n'akụkụ ọ bụla maka klọb Russia Spartak Moscow . A na-ejikwa ya dịka onye na-agba ọsọ n'azụ mgbe ụfọdụ n'oge ọrụ ya. Moses malitere ọrụ ya na Asọmpi na Crystal Palace, tupu arụmọrụ ya adọta anya Wigan Athletic, ebe o mere Njikọ Njikọ mbụ ya na N'afọ 2010. Mgbe afọ abụọ gasịrị, egwuregwu ya emeela ka ọ dịkwuo mma ruo n'ókè nke ndị mmeri Europe bụ Chelsea nwere mmasị, ọ bịanyere aka na ha n'oge ọkọchị nke afọ 2012. N'agbanyeghị goolu iri na asọmpi niile n'oge oge mbụ ya, ọ nọrọ oge nke abụọ ya na Liverpool, nke atọ ya na Stoke City na nke anọ ya na West Ham United. A kpọghachiri Moses na Chelsea maka oge 201617 ebe ọ pụtara 34 ka Chelsea meriri Njikọ Njikọ. Mgbe ọ na-enweghị mmasị n'oge mkpọsa ọzọ, Moses nọrọ na Fenerbahçe, Inter Milan na Spartak Moscow n'oge ndị na-esonụ. A mụrụ ya na [[Nigeria national football team|Naịjirịa]], Moses nọchitere anya ndị otu ndị ntorobịa England n'okpuru afọ 16, n'okpuru 17, n'okpuru 19 na n'okpuru 21, mana ọ họọrọ igwu egwu maka Naịjirịa ma ọ bụghị ịbụ onye zuru oke maka England. O mere nke mbụ ya maka ndị otu Naijiria n'afọ 2012 wee nweta 38 caps ma gbaa bọọlụ ugboro 12 tupu ọ laa ezumike nká na egwuregwu mba ụwa n'afọ 2018. Ọ gbara na mkpọsa mmeri nke Naijiria na N'afọ 2013 Africa Cup of Nations, yana mkpọsa na 2014 FIFA World Cup na 2018 FIFA World Cup. == Ọrụ klọb == === Mbido ndụ na ọrụ === A mụrụ Moses na [[Lagos]], nwa nke onye ụkọchukwu Ndị Kraịst. Mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na otu, e gburu nne na nna ya na ọgba aghara okpukpe na [[Kaduna]] mgbe ndị na-eme ọgba aghụghọ wakporo ụlọ ha. Moses na-egwu bọọlụ n'okporo ámá n'oge ahụ. Otu izu mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, mgbe ndị enyi ya zoro ya, ndị ikwu ya kwụrụ ya ụgwọ ka ọ gaa UK iji rịọ maka mgbaba. E debere ya na ezinụlọ nkuchi na South [[London]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2012/sep/14/victor-moses-interview-chelsea|title=Victor Moses: they should be proud of me, looking down being proud|author=Hytner|first=David|date=14 September 2012|work=The Guardian|language=en|accessdate=26 June 2018}}</ref><ref name="MosesAsylum">{{Cite news|author=Kelso|first=Paul|date=20 May 2005|url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2005/may/20/football.immigration|title=14-year-old asylum seeker becomes school's football hero|work=The Guardian|accessdate=23 July 2008}}</ref><ref name="Independent1">{{Cite news|title=FA Cup: Orphaned Victor Moses feels very much at home with Chelsea|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/fa-league-cups/fa-cup-orphaned-victor-moses-feels-very-much-at-home-with-chelsea-8527874.html|work=The Independent|accessdate=11 November 2014}}</ref> Ọ gara Stanley Technical High School (nke a maara ugbu a dị ka Harris Academy) na South Norwood. N'ịbụ onye Scout na-egwu bọọlụ na Tandridge Njikọ maka Cosmos 90 FC, Crystal Palace bịakwutere ya, na ámá egwuregwu Selhurst Park nke klọb ahụ dị n'okporo ámá dị anya site n'ụlọ akwụkwọ ya.<ref name="Independent1" /> N'ịbụ onye e nyere ọnọdụ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ Ugo, Palace tụụrụ ya aro ka ọ gaa ụlọ akwụkwọ Whitgift na-akwụ ụgwọ na Croydon, ebe onye bụbu onye Arsenal na Chelsea bụ Colin Pates na-azụ ndị otu egwuregwu bọọlụ ụlọ akwụkwọ.<ref name="Independent1"/> Moses malitere ịpụta na 14 mgbe ọ gbasịrị goolu 50 maka ndị nọ n'okpuru afọ 14 nke Palace. N'ịgba bọọlụ afọ atọ na Whitgift na Palace, Moses gbara ihe karịrị 100 goolu yana inyere Whitgift aka imeri ọtụtụ iko ụlọ akwụkwọ, gụnyere iko mba ebe Moses gbara goolu ise niile na nke ikpeazụ megide Ụlọ akwụkwọ na-agwọ ọrịa Grimsby na Ama egwuregwu Walkers, Leicester.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Looking back at when Liverpool and Chelsea ace Victor Moses stunned Healing's dream team|url=http://www.grimsbytelegraph.co.uk/Looking-Liverpool-Chelsea-ace-Victor-Moses/story-20471306-detail/story.html|work=Grimsby Telegraph|accessdate=11 November 2014}}</ref> === Crystal Palace === Moses mere egwuregwu mbụ ya maka Palace mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na isii na 6 Nọvemba N'afọ 2007 na 1 China na Cardiff City na Asọmpi.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Cardiff 1–1 Crystal Palace|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_div_1/7076416.stm|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=11 November 2014}}</ref> Ọ nọgidere n'ọnọdụ ya n'akụkụ mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị wee gbaa goolu mbụ ya dị elu na 12 Machị N'afọ 2008 na 1 - 1 ise na West Bromwich Albion.<ref>{{Cite news|title=West Brom 1–1 Crystal Palace|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_div_1/7287966.stm|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=11 November 2014}}</ref> N'ozuzu, Moses gbara bọọlụ ugboro iri na isii n'afọ 2007 ka Palace ruru asọmpi asọmpi Asọmpi ebe ha meriri Bristol City.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Bristol City v C Palace as it happened|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_div_1/7399418.stm|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=11 November 2014}}</ref> Na ngwụcha oge ahụ, ọ bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta ọhụrụ na Selhurst Park, nke mere ka onye njikwa Neil Warnock nwee obi ụtọ, onye kwuru, "Ntinye aka Victor bụ nnukwu ihe maka klọb ahụ; agwa m Victor na ọ nwere ike ịga elu dịka ọ chọrọ. Ọ na-akawanye mma kwa ụbọchị ma enwere m obi ụtọ na ọ bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta a n'ihi na ọ bụ onye ọkpụkpọ ga-esi n'ike gaa n'ike.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Moses signs four-year Palace deal|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/teams/c/crystal_palace/7529661.stm|work=BBC Sport|date=28 July 2008|accessdate=11 November 2014}}</ref> Moses gbara ugboro abụọ n'ime egwuregwu 32 n'afọ 2008 n'ihi na Palace nwere mkpọsa na-akụda mmụọ, na-agwụ na ọnọdụ nke iri na ise. N'afọ 2009, Moses gbara goolu isii n'egwuregwu asatọ mana Palace nwere nnukwu nsogbu ego ma klọb ahụ batara n'ọchịchị na Jenụwarị N'afọ 2010.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Crystal Palace deducted 10 points|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/teams/c/crystal_palace/8484824.stm|work=BBC Sport|date=28 January 2010|accessdate=11 November 2014}}</ref> === Wigan Athletic === N'ụbọchị ikpeazụ nke Jenụwarị N'afọ 2010, ọ rụzuru £ 2.5 nde na Wigan Athletic nke Njikọ Njikọ mgbe Palace banyere na nchịkwa.<ref>{{Cite news|date=31 January 2010|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/leagues/championship/crystalpalace/7121319/Victor-Moses-joins-Wigan-Athletic-as-Crystal-Palace-fire-sale-begins.html|title=Victor Moses joins Wigan Athletic as Crystal Palace fire sale begins|work=The Daily Telegraph|accessdate=31 January 2010|first=Jonathan|author=Liew}}</ref> O mere nke mbụ ya na 6 Febụwarị N'afọ 2010 dị ka onye na-anọchi Sunderland na 1 China draw.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/eng_prem/8493730.stm|title=Sunderland 1–1 Wigan|date=6 February 2010|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=1 March 2010}}</ref> Na 20 Machị N'afọ 2010, Moses bịara dị ka onye nọchiri Burnley wee nweta enyemaka mbụ ya maka klọb ahụ, na-eguzobe Hugo Rodallega maka onye mmeri oge mmerụ ahụ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.wiganlatics.co.uk/page/NewsDetail/0,,10429~2001372,00.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100612181312/http://www.wiganlatics.co.uk/page/NewsDetail/0,,10429~2001372,00.html|archivedate=12 June 2010|title=Victor-ious|publisher=Wigan Athletic F.C.|date=22 March 2010|accessdate=12 October 2013}}</ref> Ọ gbara goolu mbụ ya maka Wigan na 3 Mee N'afọ 2010 megide Hull City.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_prem/8649742.stm|title=Wigan 2–2 Hull|work=BBC Sport|date=3 May 2010|accessdate=3 May 2010}}</ref> Moses merụrụ ahụ ugboro abụọ na mbido oge 2010 na 1911, ọ na-esikwa ya ike ịlaghachi n'ime otu mbụ n'ihi mmụba asọmpi maka ebe.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.clicklancashire.com/my-click/my-real-life/127932-wigan-athletic-winger-victor-moses-wants-tottenham-hotspur-shot.html|title=Wigan Athletic winger Victor Moses wants Tottenham Hotspur shot|work=Click Lancashire|date=26 August 2010|accessdate=1 October 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120310202954/http://www.clicklancashire.com/my-click/my-real-life/127932-wigan-athletic-winger-victor-moses-wants-tottenham-hotspur-shot.html|archivedate=10 March 2012}}</ref> Ọ gbara goolu mbụ ya n'egwuregwu ahụ n'ụbọchị iri na atọ n'ọnwa Nọvemba n'afọ 2010 na mmeri ya na West Bromwich Albion.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/premier-league/moses-and-nzogbia-lead-wigan-out-of-wilderness-2133596.html|title=Moses and N'Zogbia lead Wigan out of wilderness|date=14 November 2010|accessdate=16 November 2010|work=The Independent|first=Darren|author=Witcoop}}</ref> Mgbe ọpụpụ nke onye na-agba ọsọ Charles N'Zogbia gasịrị, Moses ghọrọ onye mbido Wigan na oge N'afọ 2011 na 12. N'abalị iri n'ọnwa Disemba n'afọ 2011, ọ gbara goolu mbụ ya n'oge ahụ megide West Brom bụ goolu mbụ ọ gbara kemgbe ọ gbara otu otu otu egwuregwu ahụ n'oge gara aga. === Chelsea === ==== Afọ 2012 na 13 ==== [[Usòrò:Victor_Moses_Fabio_Santos_2012_FIFA_Club_World_Cup.jpg|thumb|Moses na Fábio Santos nke Corinthians na 2012 FIFA Club World Cup Final]] N'abalị iri abụọ na atọ n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ n'afọ 2012, Wigan nabatara arịrịọ nke ise site n'aka Chelsea mgbe ha mechara zute ọnụahịa Wigan na-arịọ arịrịọ mgbe arịrịọ anọ na-enweghị isi. E nyere onye ọkpụkpọ ahụ ikike ịgwa Chelsea okwu.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.wiganlatics.co.uk/news/article/12-08-23-club-statement-victor-moses-331637.aspx|title=Club confirm Victor Moses bid accepted|publisher=Wigan Athletic F.C|date=23 August 2012|accessdate=23 August 2012}}</ref> N'abalị iri abụọ na anọ n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ, Chelsea kwupụtara na ebufeela Moses.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.chelseafc.com/news-article/article/2899473|title=Moses Transfer Completed|publisher=Chelsea F.C|date=24 August 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131028165252/http://www.chelseafc.com/news-article/article/2899473|archivedate=28 October 2013}}</ref> Moses gbara egwuregwu mbụ ya maka Chelsea mgbe ọ pụtara dị ka onye na-anọchi anya ndị na-asọmpi West London Ogige QueensRangers na 15 Septemba.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www1.skysports.com/football/live/match/261597/report|title=Anton refuses to shake on it|work=Sky Sports|date=15 September 2012|accessdate=22 July 2013}}</ref> Moses mere nke mbụ ya zuru oke maka Chelsea mgbe ọ malitere egwuregwu Iko Njikọ megide Wolverhampton Wanderers wee gbaa goolu mbụ ya mgbe nkeji iri asaa na otu gachara n'egwuregwu nke mechara na Blues.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/19632463|title=Chelsea 6–0 Wolves|work=BBC Sport|date=25 September 2012|accessdate=29 August 2013}}</ref> Moses malitere egwuregwu mbụ ya na Nordsjælland. N'abalị iri atọ na otu n'ọnwa Ọktoba, a kpọrọ Moses Man of the Match megide Manchester United na Iko Njikọ, egwuregwu Chelsea meriri 5o4.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.adifferentleague.co.uk/p6_0_17387_chelsea-focus-revenge-is-sweet-in-man-utd-win.html|title=Chelsea Focus&nbsp;– Revenge is sweet in Man Utd win|date=2 November 2012|accessdate=2 November 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121104075335/http://www.adifferentleague.co.uk/p6_0_17387_chelsea-focus-revenge-is-sweet-in-man-utd-win.html|archivedate=4 November 2012}}</ref> N'abalị atọ n'ọnwa Nọvemba n'afọ 2012, Moses gbara goolu mbụ ya na Njikọ Njikọ maka Chelsea n'egwuregwu ya na Swansea City, nke gwụrụ na 1 01.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://espnfc.com/us/en/report/345755/report.html?soccernet=true&cc=5901|title=Swansea 1–1 Chelsea|publisher=ESPN FC|date=3 November 2012|accessdate=3 November 2012}}</ref> Ụbọchị anọ ka e mesịrị, ọ gbara goolu mbụ ya na Njikọ Njikọ maka Chelsea megide Shakhtar Donetsk; Moses nọchiri Oscar na nkeji nke 79 wee gaa n'ihu na nkuku Juan Mata na sekọnd fọdụrụ iji nweta mmeri 3 South2.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/20150427|title=Chelsea 3–2 Shakhtar Donetsk|date=7 November 2012|accessdate=7 November 2012|work=BBC Sport}}</ref> N'ụbọchị nke ise n'ọnwa Jenụwarị n'afọ 2013, Moses meghere akara ya n'afọ ahụ site n'ịgba ọsọ dị ike n'akụkụ ala mgbe ọ na-egwu na agba nke atọ nke Iko FA megide Southampton, dịka Chelsea si n'azụ wee merie ndị Saints n'azụ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/20863303|title=Demba Ba scored twice on his Chelsea debut as the FA Cup holders came from behind against Southampton to ease into the fourth round at St Mary's Stadium.|work=BBC Sport|date=5 January 2013|accessdate=22 July 2013}}</ref> Moses gbara goolu mbụ ya na Europa League maka Chelsea na mmeri 3 na 1 n'ụlọ megide Rubin Kazan, wee gbaa nke abụọ ya na egwuregwu ọzọ otu izu ka e mesịrị.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/21963641|title=Fernando Torres scored twice to help Chelsea take a huge stride towards the Europa League's last four.|work=BBC Sport|date=4 April 2013|accessdate=22 July 2013}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/22023533|title=Chelsea sealed their place in the Europa League semi-finals despite a careless second-leg defeat against Rubin Kazan in Russia.|work=BBC Sport|date=11 April 2013|accessdate=22 July 2013}}</ref> Ọ gara n'ihu n'ụdị ya dị mma na asọmpi ahụ site n'ịgba goolu mbụ nke otu ya na mmeri 1 South na Basel na 25 Eprel.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.uefa.com/uefaeuropaleague/season=2013/matches/round=2000360/match=2010092/postmatch/report/index.html|title=Last-gasp Luiz strike leaves Chelsea in charge|publisher=UEFA|date=25 April 2013|accessdate=22 July 2013}}</ref> Ọ gbakwara bọọlụ n'egwuregwu ọzọ megide Basel mgbe Blues meriri 3o1 n'ụlọ wee nweta òkè ha na Europa League Final, egwuregwu nke Moses na-egosighị mana Blues meriri 2o1 megide Benfica na Amsterdam na 15 Mee.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/teams/chelsea/10033915/Chelsea-3–FC-Basle-1-agg-5–2-match-report.html|title=Chelsea 3 FC Basle 1; agg 5–2: match report|work=The Daily Telegraph|date=2 May 2013|accessdate=22 July 2013}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.uefa.com/uefaeuropaleague/season=2013/matches/round=2000361/match=2010095/postmatch/report/index.html|title=Ivanović heads Chelsea to Europa League glory|publisher=UEFA|date=15 May 2013|accessdate=22 July 2013}}</ref> ==== Afọ 2013 na 14: Ịgbazinye Liverpool ==== Na 2 Septemba N'afọ 2013, Moses bịanyere aka na Liverpool na nkwekọrịta mgbazinye ego ogologo oge.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.liverpoolfc.com/news/media-watch/sky-sports-moses-deal-completed|title=Moses deal completed|publisher=Liverpool FC|date=2 September 2013|accessdate=2 September 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130905103418/http://www.liverpoolfc.com/news/media-watch/sky-sports-moses-deal-completed|archivedate=5 September 2013}}</ref> Ọ gbara bọọlụ na nke mbụ ya na 16 Septemba megide Swansea City na 2 na-aga n'ihu.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/24012560|title=Swansea 2 Liverpool 2|date=16 September 2013|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=27 May 2018}}</ref> N'abalị iri abụọ na ise n'ọnwa Jenụwarị n'afọ 2014, ọ gbara goolu mbụ nke mmeri 2 na AFC Bournemouth na agba nke anọ nke iko FA.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Bournemouth 0 – 2 Liverpool|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/25789339|accessdate=7 February 2014|work=BBC Sport|date=25 January 2014}}</ref> N'ihi ụdị Raheem Sterling n'oge oge N'afọ 2013 na 14, Moses chọtara ohere siri ike ịbịa n'okpuru Brendan Rodgers, na-egwu egwuregwu 22 nke naanị itoolu n'ime ha malitere.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Chelsea fury as Liverpool sideline striker Victor Moses|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/teams/chelsea/10554657/Chelsea-fury-as-Liverpool-sideline-striker-Victor-Moses.html|work=The Daily Telegraph|accessdate=16 November 2014}}</ref> ==== Afọ 2014 na afọ 15: Ịgbazinye Stoke City ==== N'abalị iri na isii n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ n'afọ 2014, Moses sonyeere Stoke City na mgbazinye maka oge N'afọ 2014 na afọ 15.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Moses moves to Stoke|url=http://www.chelseafc.com/news/latest-news/2014/08/moses-moves-to-stoke.html|work=Chelsea F.C|accessdate=16 August 2014}}</ref> O mere egwuregwu Njikọ Njikọ mbụ ya maka Stoke City na 30 Ọgọstụ na mmeri 1 na Manchester City.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Man City 0–1 Stoke|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/28907276|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=16 September 2014}}</ref> Na mmeri Stoke meriri Newcastle United na 29 Septemba, Moses nyere aka maka otu goolu Peter Crouch gbara ma họpụta ya Nwoke nke egwuregwu maka arụmọrụ ya.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Stoke 1–0 Newcastle|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/29305924|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=6 October 2014}}</ref> N'abalị iri na itoolu n'ọnwa Ọktoba, na mmeri ha meriri Swansea City, Moses meriri ntaramahụhụ mgbe ọ gbadatara n'okpuru ihe ịma aka nke Àngel Rangel; mgbe egwuregwu ahụ gasịrị, onye njikwa Swansea Garry Monk kwuru na Moses dara.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Stoke 2–1 Swansea|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/29586592|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=14 November 2014}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Swansea boss Garry Monk criticises 'cheat' Victor Moses|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/29682896|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=14 November 2014}}</ref> Onye na-ahụ maka ''egwuregwu nke ụbọchị'' nke abụọ bụ John Hartson kwukwara na Moses ghọgburu, mana o mechara rịọ Moses mgbaghara maka okwu ya.<ref>{{Cite web|title=John Hartson apologises to Stoke's Victor Moses over 'cheat' claims|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/29770009|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=14 November 2014}}</ref> Moses gbara goolu mbụ ya maka Stoke na 1 Nọvemba na 2 na West Ham United.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Stoke 2–2 West Ham|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/29768017|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=14 November 2014}}</ref> O merụrụ ahụ n'apata ụkwụ megide Burnley na 22 Nọvemba nke mere ka ọ ghara ịga izu asatọ.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Victor Moses: Stoke City striker faces eight weeks out|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/30210377|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=29 November 2014}}</ref> N'abalị iri na asaa n'ọnwa Jenụwarị n'afọ 2015, Moses laghachiri na mbido megide Leicester City, nke mechiri na mmeri Stoke.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Leicester City vs Stoke City|url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2015/01/17/england/premier-league/leicester-city-fc/stoke-city-fc/1703921/|work=Soccerway|date=17 January 2015}}</ref> N'abalị iri abụọ na otu n'ọnwa Febụwarị, Moses gbara penalty na nkeji iri itoolu iji nweta Stoke mmeri iri abụọ na iri na otu na ndị na-asọmpi Midlands Aston Villa na Villa Park.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Aston Villa 1–2 Stoke|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/31466727|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=14 April 2015}}</ref> O nwetakwara goolu na mmeri 2 na Everton na 4 Machị.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Stoke 2–0 Everton|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/31616988|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=14 April 2015}}</ref> Site na André Schürrle na Mohamed Salah na-apụ na-adịgide adịgide na ịgbazinye ego, n'otu n'otu, a mara ọkwa na onye njikwa Chelsea bụ José Mourinho gbalịrị icheta Moses site na Stoke n'etiti oge, naanị maka onye na-agba ọsọ ịjụ ịlaghachi azụ.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Victor Moses rejected return to Chelsea|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/teams/chelsea/11486800/Victor-Moses-rejected-return-to-Chelsea.html|work=The Daily Telegraph|accessdate=20 March 2015}}</ref> Moses merụrụ ahụ n'ọkpụkpụ ụkwụ mgbe ọ na-egwuri egwu megide West Ham na 11 Eprel, nke mere ka ọ ghara ịga n'ihu n'oge fọdụrụnụ.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Victor Moses returns to Stamford Bridge with injury|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/teams/chelsea/11535854/Chelsea-news-Victor-Moses-returns-to-Stamford-Bridge-with-injury.html|archiveurl=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220112/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/teams/chelsea/11535854/Chelsea-news-Victor-Moses-returns-to-Stamford-Bridge-with-injury.html|archivedate=12 January 2022|work=The Daily Telegraph|accessdate=14 April 2015}}</ref> ==== Afọ 2015 na afọ 16: Ịgbazinye West Ham United ==== [[Usòrò:West_Ham_United_Vs_Manchester_City_(24366292089).jpg|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|Moses na bọọlụ n'oge ọ na-agbazinye na West Ham United, na-egwuri egwu megide Manchester City na 2016]] Mgbe oge gara nke ọma na Stoke, Moses laghachiri na Blues wee pụta na egwuregwu anọ niile tupu oge ezumike ma gbaa otu ugboro, megide Paris Saint-Germain F.C. Moses mere asọmpi mbụ ya kemgbe ọ laghachiri n'ụbọchị nke abụọ n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ 2015 megide Arsenal maka Ọta obodo mgbe ọ nọchiri John Terry na nkeji nke iri asatọ na abụọ.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Paris Saint-Germain 1–1 Chelsea|url=http://www.sportsmole.co.uk/football/chelsea/live-commentary/live-commentary-psg-vs-chelsea_235428.html|date=25 July 2015}}</ref> Egwuregwu ahụ gwụrụ na Chelsea meriri 1 0 .<ref>{{Cite web|title=FA Community Shield: Arsenal vs Chelsea|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/live/football/33500342|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=20 August 2015}}</ref> A gụnyekwara Moses na bench n'oge egwuregwu mbụ nke oge ahụ megide Swansea City, ọ bụ ezie na ọ pụtaghị ka Chelsea dọtara 2 Xia2.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2015/08/08/england/premier-league/chelsea-football-club/swansea-city-afc/2043051/|title=Chelsea vs. Swansea City 2 – 2 (8/8/15)|date=8 August 2015|publisher=Soccerway}}</ref> N'ụbọchị mbụ n'ọnwa Septemba n'afọ 2015, Moses sonyeere West Ham United na mgbazinye oge.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Moses signs on loan|url=http://www.whufc.com/News/Articles/2015/September/1-September/Moses-signs-on-loan|publisher=West Ham United|date=1 September 2015}}</ref> Tupu ọ banye West Ham United na mgbazinye ego, Moses bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta afọ anọ ọhụrụ, nke ga-eme ka ọ nọrọ na Chelsea ruo 2019.<ref>{{Cite news|title=New Deal for Moses|url=https://www.chelseafc.com/news/latest-news/2015/08/new-deal-for-moses.html|publisher=Chelsea FC|date=1 September 2015}}</ref> Moses mere West Ham mbụ ya na 14 Septemba na mmeri 2 na Newcastle United, ebe a kpọrọ ya Nwoke nke Egwuregwu.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/34171138|title=West Ham 2–0 Newcastle United|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=15 September 2015}}</ref> N'egwuregwu nke abụọ ya, na 19 Septemba megide Manchester City, Moses gbara naanị goolu West Ham ya, na mmeri 1 02.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/34191909|title=Manchester City 1–2 West Ham|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=20 September 2015}}</ref> N'ụbọchị nke ise n'ọnwa Disemba, n'oge egwuregwu ahụ megide Manchester United, Moses nwere mmerụ ahụ n'ọkpụkpụ ụkwụ nke mere ka ọ ghara ịga ruo n'ọnwarị.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.espnfc.us/west-ham-united/story/2744994/west-ham-forward-victor-moses-to-undergo-scan-on-hamstring|title=West Ham's Victor Moses to undergo scan on hamstring injury|publisher=ESPN|date=7 December 2015}}</ref> N'ọnwa Eprel, a kpughere na nkwekọrịta mgbazinye ego nwekwara nhọrọ iji mee ka ọ gaa na njedebe nke oge, mana West Ham kpebiri ịjụ nhọrọ ahụ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.skysports.com/football/news/11685/10230070/west-ham-to-let-alex-song-victor-moses-and-emmanuel-emenike-leave-8211-sky-sources|title=West Ham to let Alex Song, Victor Moses and Emmanuel Emenike leave – Sky sources|date=4 April 2016|publisher=SkySports}}</ref> ==== Oge 201617 ==== [[Usòrò:Leicester_0_Chelsea_3_(31510599933).jpg|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|Moses (''n'etiti'') na onye otu mba ''Wilfred Ndidi'' (n'aka nri) na-egwuri egwu maka Chelsea megide ndị mmeri Leicester City, 2017]] Mgbe o masịrị onye njikwa ọhụrụ Antonio Conte n'oge mmalite oge, a gụnyere Moses na ndị otu mbụ. N'abalị iri na ise n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ n'afọ 2016, Moses gbara bọọlụ mbụ ya na Chelsea n'ime afọ atọ, na-apụta n'oche maka Eden Hazard megide West Ham United na mmeri 2.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/37006707|title=Chelsea 2–1 West Ham: Costa's late strike earns Conte's first Premier League win|date=15 August 2016|work=BBC Sport}}</ref> N'abalị iri abụọ na atọ n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ, Moses bidoro nke mbụ ya wee gbaa goolu mbụ ya kemgbe ọ laghachiri, na agba nke abụọ nke iko EFL megide Bristol Rovers na mmeri 3[[2.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Chelsea 3–2 Bristol Rovers|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/37091061|work=BBC Sport|date=23 August 2016|accessdate=23 August 2016}}</ref> Mgbe e merisịrị ya n'azụ azụ, Conte gbanwere n'ime usoro 3<nowiki>[[4]]</nowiki> na Moses na-egwuri egwu dị ka onye na-agbachitere n'akụkụ aka nri na egwuregwu na-esonụ megide Hull City. Ọrụ ya dị ka onye na-agbachitere Chelsea nyeere aka inwe mmeri 2 na-emekwa ka ọ bụrụ Nwoke nke Egwuregwu.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/37459840|title=Hull City 0–2 Chelsea|date=1 October 2016|work=BBC Sport}}</ref> N'abalị iri na ise n'ọnwa Ọktoba n'afọ 2016, Moses gbara goolu nke abụọ ya n'egwuregwu ahụ megide Leicester City na mmeri n'ụlọ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/37594219|title=Chelsea 3–0 Leicester City|date=15 August 2016|work=BBC Sport}}</ref> N'abalị iri abụọ na isii n'ọnwa Nọvemba n'afọ 2016, Moses meriri Tottenham Hotspur na mmeri nke abụọ na otu ma kpọọ ya Nwoke nke Egwuregwu.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.skysports.com/football/chelsea-vs-tottenham/356457|title=Chelsea 2–1 Tottenham Hotspur: Blues maintain hold of top spot|publisher=Sky Sports|date=26 September 2016}}</ref> Moses gbara egwuregwu iri anọ na asọmpi niile maka Chelsea n'afọ 2016 na afọ iri na asaa, na-agba goolu anọ. Site na Chelsea na-emeri n'asọmpi Premier League, Moses ghọrọ onye egwuregwu Naijiria na-eme ọtụtụ egwuregwu Premier League maka otu mmeri.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://pulse.ng/sports/football/chelseas-victor-moses-is-a-premier-league-winner-id6670904.html|title=Chelsea"s Victor Moses is a Premier League winner|first=Steve|author=Dede|accessdate=29 May 2017|archivedate=6 June 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170606055919/http://www.pulse.ng/sports/football/chelseas-victor-moses-is-a-premier-league-winner-id6670904.html}}</ref> Moses kpatara nnukwu esemokwu n'oge 2017 FA Cup Final megide Arsenal nke Chelsea meriri 2<nowiki>[[1]]</nowiki>]. Ebe ọ bụ na edepụtara ya maka mmejọ Danny Welbeck na mbụ, e nyere ya ndebanye aha nke abụọ, nke mere ka ọ nweta kaadị uhie, mgbe ọ gbasịrị n'ebe a na-eme ntaramahụhụ. Ọ ghọrọ onye egwuregwu nke ise a chụpụrụ na ngwụcha FA Cup.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://dailypost.ng/2017/05/28/fa-cup-final-victor-moses-joins-four-players-hall-shame/|title=FA Cup final: Victor Moses joins four other players in hall of shame|date=28 May 2017|accessdate=29 May 2017}}</ref> E mere egwuregwu ahụ ụbọchị ise mgbe bọmbụ Manchester Arena nke mmadụ iri abụọ na atọ, ọtụtụ n'ime ha bụ ụmụaka, nwụrụ. Chelsea eyighị armbands ojii n'oge ọkara mbụ mana o mere n'oge nke abụọ. Mgbe ahụ, Moses, mgbe ọ na-apụ n'ámá egwuregwu wepụrụ nke ya ma tụba ya n'ala, na-akpata iwe na mgbasa ozi mmekọrịta, ọtụtụ na-ebo ya ebubo na ọ naghị egosi nkwanye ùgwù nye ndị nwụrụ anwụ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://uk.sports.yahoo.com/news/twitter-angrily-responds-victor-moses-115020620.html?guccounter=1&guce_referrer=aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuZ29vZ2xlLmNvbS8&guce_referrer_sig=AQAAAFkzgoqiYf1b96ikHRvED0jbJaYh0gkAunvi-T4zb5Lw88JmZCKHnAZmX8mLXodq3W4cCsZki2kYjDvLNv0WzdBvm9-vr5Trwu03Xt3J3uqiV1SzvSNWy-GvzengPT8y_ChYV8uu9Zhk_l55h_YTZs-Vp74DBww5ec5loyZ4oTsx|title=Twitter angrily responds to Victor Moses discarding his black armband following FA Cup dismissal|date=28 May 2017|accessdate=4 June 2020|archivedate=3 June 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200603235121/https://uk.sports.yahoo.com/news/twitter-angrily-responds-victor-moses-115020620.html?guccounter=1&guce_referrer=aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuZ29vZ2xlLmNvbS8&guce_referrer_sig=AQAAAFkzgoqiYf1b96ikHRvED0jbJaYh0gkAunvi-T4zb5Lw88JmZCKHnAZmX8mLXodq3W4cCsZki2kYjDvLNv0WzdBvm9-vr5Trwu03Xt3J3uqiV1SzvSNWy-GvzengPT8y_ChYV8uu9Zhk_l55h_YTZs-Vp74DBww5ec5loyZ4oTsx}}</ref> ==== Afọ 2017-18 ==== Moses gbara goolu mmeghe na N'afọ 2017 FA Community Shield, nke Chelsea meriri ndị na-asọmpi Arsenal na penalties.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Arsenal lift Community Shield|date=6 August 2017|accessdate=21 February 2018|work=thefa.com|publisher=The Football Association|url=http://www.thefa.com/news/2017/aug/04/fa-community-shield-arsenal-chelsea-report-060817}}</ref> ==== Afọ 2018-19: Ịkwụ ụgwọ na Fenerbahçe ==== Na Jenụwarị N'afọ 2019, Moses bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta mgbazinye ọnwa iri na asatọ na otu [[Turkéy|Turkey]], Fenerbahçe.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/46984393|title=Victor Moses: Chelsea winger completes Fenerbahce loan|date=25 January 2019|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=26 January 2019}}</ref> N'ụbọchị mbụ n'ọnwa Febụwarị n'afọ 2019, Moses gbara goolu mbụ ya na Fenerbahçe n'asọmpi ahụ n'asọmpị ahụ n'egwuregwu 2 na Göztepe.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.legit.ng/1219383-fenerbahce-2-0-goztepe-victor-moses-scores-turkish-league-goal.html|title=Fenerbahçe 2 - 0 Göztepe: Victor Moses scores first Turkish league goal|accessdate=1 February 2019}}</ref> ==== Afọ 2019: Ịgbazinye Inter Milan ==== Mgbe e belatara nkwekọrịta Fenerbahçe, Moses bịanyere aka na Inter Milan na nkwekọrịta mgbazinye ọnwa isii na nhọrọ ịzụta na 23 Jenụwarị N'afọ 2020.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.inter.it/en/news/2020/01/22/official-victor-moses-inter.html|title=Victor Moses signs for Inter|date=23 January 2020|work=inter.it|accessdate=23 January 2020}}</ref> Ọ bụ otu n'ime ndị egwuregwu atọ bụbu ndị Premier League sonyeere Inter Milan na windo Jenụwarị, n'akụkụ Ashley Young na Christian Eriksen.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://apnews.com/d933aad42c1ada14c478ea33db645bc3|title=Eriksen completes transfer to Inter from Tottenham|date=28 January 2020|work=apnews.com|accessdate=2020-02-02}}</ref> O mere klọb mbụ ya na 29 Jenụwarị, na-abịa dị ka onye nọchiri Antonio Candreva na ọkara nke abụọ na mmeri Fiorentina n'ụlọ na nkeji iri na ise nke Coppa Italia.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/51304229|title=Inter Milan 2–1 Fiorentina|publisher=BBC Sport|date=29 January 2020|accessdate=30 January 2020}}</ref> O mere egwuregwu mbụ ya ụbọchị ole na ole mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, na 2 Febụwarị, malite n'aka nri na mmeri 2 na Udinese.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.football-italia.net/149565/line-ups-udinese-v-inter|title=Line-ups: Udinese v Inter {{!}} Football Italia|work=football-italia.net|accessdate=2 February 2020}}</ref> ==== Oge nke afọ 2020: Ịkwụ ụgwọ na Spartak Moscow ==== N'abalị iri na ise n'ọnwa Ọktoba n'afọ 2020, Moses sonyeere otu egwuregwu Russian Premier League Spartak Moscow na mgbazinye oge na nhọrọ ịzụta.<ref>{{Cite web|publisher=[[FC Spartak Moscow]]|url=https://spartak.com/news/2020-10-15-viktor_mozes__igrok_spartaka/|title=Виктор Мозес — игрок "Спартака"!|date=15 October 2020|language=ru}}</ref> Ụbọchị abụọ ka e mesịrị n'ụbọchị iri na asaa n'ọnwa Ọktoba, o mere nke mbụ ya na klọb ahụ site na bench na mmeri 3 na 2 megide Khimki.<ref>{{Cite web|publisher=[[FC Spartak Moscow]]|url=https://spartak.com/news/2020-10-17-pobeda_v_khimkakh_goly_kokorina_ponse_i_larssona_debyuty_mozesa_i_oganesyana/|title=Победа в Химках! Голы Кокорина, Понсе и Ларссона, дебюты Мозеса и Оганесяна!|date=17 October 2020|language=ru}}</ref> N'abalị iri abụọ na anọ n'ọnwa Ọktoba, ọ pụtara nke mbụ ya dị ka onye mbido wee gbaa goolu mbụ ya maka Spartak na mmeri 3 na 1 megide Krasnodar.<ref>{{Cite web|publisher=[[FC Spartak Moscow]]|url=https://spartak.com/videos/23927541/|title=Сыграли в кайф в Краснодаре! За кадром яркой победы над "быками"|date=25 October 2020|language=ru}}</ref> N'abalị iri na isii n'ọnwa Mee n'afọ 2021, ọ gbara bọọlụ n'egwuregwu ikpeazụ nke 2020 Russian Premier League megide FC Akhmat Grozny iji guzobe akara ikpeazụ nke 2 . Isi ihe Spartak nwetara nwetara nwetara nwetara ọnọdụ nke abụọ na ntinye nke Champions League maka klọb ahụ.<ref>{{Cite web|publisher=[[Russian Premier League]]|url=https://eng.premierliga.ru/match/match_13873.html|title=Akhmat v Spartak game report|date=16 May 2021}}</ref> === Spartak Moscow === N'ụbọchị nke abụọ n'ọnwa Julaị n'afọ 2021, Chelsea kwupụtara na Moses emechaala ịkwaga Spartak Moscow, na-akwụsị mmekọrịta afọ itoolu ya na klọb ahụ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.chelseafc.com/en/news/2021/07/02/victor-moses-completes-russian-transfer|title=Victor Moses completes Russian transfer|publisher=Chelsea F.C.|date=2 July 2021|accessdate=2 July 2021}}</ref> Spartak mara ọkwa n'otu ụbọchị ahụ na ọ bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta afọ abụọ na klọb ahụ.<ref>{{Cite web|publisher=[[FC Spartak Moscow]]|url=https://spartak.com/news/2021-07-02-mozes_podpisal_kontrakt_so_spartakom_na_dva_goda/|title=Мозес подписал контракт со "Спартаком" на два года|date=2 July 2021|language=ru}}</ref> Na 10 Febụwarị 2022, Moses gbatịkwuru nkwekọrịta ya na Spartak ruo 2024. Moses meriri 2021-22 Russian Cup na klọb ya na 29 Mee na mmeri 2-1 Old Russian Derby meriri Dynamo Moscow. == Ọrụ mba ụwa == === England === ==== U16 na U17 ==== N'agbanyeghị na o si Kaduna, Naịjirịa, Moses họọrọ na mbụ ịnọchite anya ebe obibi ya nke England, na-egosi maka ndị otu na-erubeghị afọ iri na isii, ebe ọ meriri Victory Shield na N'afọ 2005, na ọkwa na-erughị afọ iri na asaa. Ya na ndị otu ahụ gara N'afọ 2007 UEFA European U-17 Championship na [[Belgium]], na-agba goolu ugboro atọ (gụnyere naanị goolu na mmeri ikpeazụ na France) iji nyere John Peacock aka na asọmpi ikpeazụ, ebe Spain meriri ha otu goolu, ọ bụ ezie na Moses jisiri ike mechaa dị ka onye kacha gbaa goolu na asọmpi ahụ ma nweta Golden Boot maka ime otú ahụ.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Victor Moses' Biography: From asylum seeker to African champion|url=https://www.modernghana.com/sports/507763/victor-moses-biography-from-asylum-seeker-to-african-champ.html|accessdate=2022-05-27|work=Modern Ghana|language=en}}</ref> N'otu oge okpomọkụ ahụ, ndị otu ahụ gara South Korea maka FIFA U-17 World Cup. Moses mechiri dị ka onye kacha gbaa bọọlụ nke Young Lions, na-agba bọọlụ ugboro atọ na egwuregwu Group B, mana o merụrụ ahụ na mmeri ya meriri Brazil nke mere ka ọ pụọ na asọmpi ahụ. Ndị otu Moses gara n'ihu ruo n'ọkwa nke anọ.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2015-11-01|title=Football Star Victor Moses Full Biography Life And News|url=https://www.takemetonaija.com/2015/11/football-star-victor-moses-full.html|accessdate=2022-05-27|work=TIN Magazine|language=en-GB}}</ref> ==== U19s ==== Mgbe asọmpi ahụ gasịrị, a kwalitere Moses ka ọ bụrụ onye na-erubeghị afọ iri na asatọ, ma na-agbaso ihe ọ na-eme maka ndị otu mbụ nke Crystal Palace, a kwaliri ya ka ọ bụrụ ndị na-erughị afọ iri na itoolu n'enweghị ihe zuru ezu maka U-18 iji nweta okpu n'ezie. Ọ gara na U-19s na 2008 UEFA European U-19 Championship na [[Chekia|Czech Republic]], na-egwu egwuregwu abụọ ma na-enweta otu enyemaka ka Young Lions na-enweghị ike ịpụta na Group B. Nkọwa na-etolite ka onye njikwa Stuart Pearce na-eleghara ya anya na Moses ga-alaghachi igwu egwu maka [[Nigeria national football team|Naịjirịa]] na 2010 FIFA World Cup.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Victor Moses' Biography: From asylum seeker to African champion|url=https://www.modernghana.com/sports/507763/victor-moses-biography-from-asylum-seeker-to-african-champ.html|accessdate=2022-05-27|work=Modern Ghana|language=en}}</ref> ==== U21s ==== A kwalitere Moses ka ọ bụrụ onye na-erubeghị afọ iri abụọ na otu na mbido oge N'afọ 2010 na iri na otu wee mee nke mbụ ya megide Uzbekistan na mmeri abụọ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://thefa.com/England/mens-under-21s/News/match-centre/2010/EnglandvUzbekistan/Teamsheets?p=ts&mid=102750|archiveurl=https://www.webarchive.org.uk/wayback/archive/20110402053009/http://www.thefa.com/England/mens-under-21s/News/match-centre/2010/EnglandvUzbekistan/Teamsheets?p=ts&mid=102750|archivedate=2 April 2011|title=Teamsheets|publisher=The Football Association|accessdate=1 October 2012}}</ref> === Naịjirịa === [[Usòrò:Iran_and_Nigeria_match_at_the_FIFA_World_Cup_2014-06-12_15.jpg|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|Moses na-egwuri egwu maka [[Nigeria national football team|Naịjirịa]] megide Iran na 2014 FIFA World Cup.]] A họpụtara Moses ka ọ gbaa bọọlụ maka [[Nigeria national football team|Naịjirịa]] megide Guatemala na Febụwarị N'afọ 2011, mana a kagburu egwuregwu enyi na enyi.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20180131023459/http://www.kickoff.com/news/19690/shola-ameobi-victor-moses-get-nigeria-call.php Ameobi, Moses get Nigeria call]. kickoff.com. 14 January 2011.</ref> Ọ nabatara oku na Machị 2011 maka egwuregwu Naịjirịa megide Ethiopia na Kenya.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/africa/9431866.stm|title=Victor Moses gets late Nigeria call|work=BBC Sport|date=24 March 2011|accessdate=7 December 2012}}</ref> Otú ọ dị, a chụpụrụ ya n'egwuregwu ndị ahụ n'ihi na enwetaghị akwụkwọ ya na FIFA iji gbanwee mba n'oge. A mara ọkwa na 1 Nọvemba N'afọ 2011 na FIFA ewepụla Moses na Shola Ameobi ka ha gwuo egwu maka Naịjirịa.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/15524642.stm|title=Fifa clears Shola Ameobi, Moses to play for Nigeria|date=1 November 2011|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=1 November 2011}}</ref> A kpọrọ Moses ka ọ bịa n'òtù ndị ikom iri abụọ na atọ nke Naịjirịa maka iko mba Afrịka nke afọ 2013, na-enweta ntaramahụhụ abụọ n'egwuregwu ikpeazụ ha na Etiopia, nke Naịjarịa chọrọ iji merie iji gafee. Maka nke abụọ, e nyere onye na-edebe goolu nke Etiopia bụ Sisay Bancha akwụkwọ nke abụọ ya na ihe omume ndị dugara na penalty ma chụpụ ya. Ethiopia ejirila ndị nnọchi anya atọ ahụ mee ihe n'ihi ya onye na-ejide ha n'etiti etiti gara n'ime goolu, wee hapụ penalty Moses. Egwuregwu ahụ gwụrụ n'afọ 2-0. Naịjirịa gara n'ihu merie asọmpi ahụ, nke atọ ha. Moses malitere na ngwụcha wee gbaa egwuregwu ahụ dum.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/20970786|title=Nations Cup 2013: Nigeria pick six locally-based players|author=Oluwashina Okeleji|date=10 January 2013|accessdate=10 January 2013|work=BBC Sport}}</ref> A họpụtara Moses maka ndị otu Naịjirịa maka N'afọ 2014 FIFA World Cup<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/teams/nigeria/10810433/Nigeria-World-Cup-2014-squad.html|archiveurl=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220112/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/teams/nigeria/10810433/Nigeria-World-Cup-2014-squad.html|archivedate=12 January 2022|title=Nigeria World Cup 2014 squad|first=Telegraph|author=Sport|date=2 June 2014}}</ref> wee malite na egwuregwu mmeghe ha na agba nke 16 megide France ka ha meriri 2 00.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/27969976|title=France 2-0 Nigeria|date=30 June 2014}}</ref> [[Usòrò:FWC_2018_-_Group_D_-_NGA_v_ISL_-_Photo_37.jpg|áká_èkpè|thumb|Moses na-agba ọsọ n'efu maka [[Nigeria national football team|Naịjirịa]] n'oge 2018 FIFA World Cup.]] Mgbe Gernot Rohr malitere dị ka onye isi nchịkwa Naịjirịa n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ N'afọ 2016, Moses gosipụtara mgbe niile na egwuregwu FIFA 2018.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.espnfc.com/nigeria/story/2984833/premier-league-duo-victor-moses-odion-ighalo-earn-nigeria-recalls|title=Premier League duo Victor Moses, Odion Ighalo earn Nigeria recalls|date=30 October 2016|publisher=ESPN FC|accessdate=12 November 2016}}</ref> Moses nyere Naịjirịa akara n'oge egwuregwu FIFA N'afọ 2018 megide Algeria na Nọvemba 2016, na-enyere ha aka inweta mmeri 3o1 .<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://metro.co.uk/2016/11/12/chelsea-duo-victor-moses-and-john-obi-mikel-seal-win-for-nigeria-6254332/|title=Chelsea duo Victor Moses and John Obi Mikel seal win for Nigeria|date=12 November 2016|work=Metro|accessdate=12 November 2016}}</ref> N'ọnwa Mee afọ 2018, a kpọrọ aha ya na [[Nigeria national football team|ndị otu]] mmadụ iri atọ nke Naijiria maka 2018 World Cup na Russia, ebe ọ nwetara ihe dị mkpa megide Argentina, ọ bụ ezie na, akụkụ ya meriri egwuregwu ahụ na nkeji ole na ole iji hụ Argentina site na Naijiria ka e wepụrụ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.goal.com/en-gb/news/revealed-every-world-cup-2018-squad-23-man-preliminary-lists/oa0atsduflsv1nsf6oqk576rb|title=Revealed: Every World Cup 2018 squad - 23-man & preliminary lists & when will they be announced? - Goal.com}}</ref> Mgbe asọmpi ahụ gasịrị, Moses mara ọkwa na 15 Ọgọstụ na ọ lara ezumike nká n'ịgba bọọlụ mba Naịjirịa.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/45200919|title=Victor Moses: Chelsea's Nigeria winger announces international retirement at 27|work=BBC Sport|date=15 August 2018|accessdate=15 August 2018}}</ref> == Ndụ onwe onye == Moses tolitere na-akwado Arsenal.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Victor Moses: Talentspotter|url=https://www.fourfourtwo.com/features/victor-moses-talentspotter|work=FourFourTwo|accessdate=16 June 2017|date=1 December 2009}}</ref> O nwere nwa nwoke, Brentley, (amụrụ n'afọ 2012) na nwa nwanyị, Nyah, (amuru n'afọ 2015).<ref>{{Cite web|title=Victor Moses dedicates brace to his son Brentley|url=http://www.goal.com/en-ng/news/4687/2015-afcon-qualification/2013/01/30/3713255/victor-moses-dedicates-brace-to-his-son-brentley|work=Goal.com|accessdate=16 November 2014}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Congratulations Mr and Mrs Moses|url=http://www.chelsea.vitalfootball.co.uk/article.asp?a=550384|work=Chelsea Vital|accessdate=9 February 2015|archivedate=25 February 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180225205954/http://www.chelsea.vitalfootball.co.uk/article.asp?a=550384}}</ref> == Ndekọ ọnụ ọgụgụ ọrụ == === Klọb === {{updated|<!--match played--> 6 August 2022}}<ref name=Sb>{{cite web |url=http://www.soccerbase.com/players/player.sd?player_id=47716 |title=Victor Moses: Football Stats |publisher=Soccerbase |access-date=2 April 2015 }}</ref><ref name=Soccerway>{{Soccerway|viktor-moses/25395}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+Ndekọ ọnụ ọgụgụ klọb ! rowspan="2" |Klọb ! rowspan="2" |Oge ! colspan="3" |Njikọ ! colspan="2" |Iko Mba ! colspan="2" |Iko Njikọ ! colspan="2" |Europe ! colspan="2" |Ndị ọzọ ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta |- !Nkewa !Ngwa !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ !Ngwa !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ !Ngwa !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ !Ngwa !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ !Ngwa !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ !Ngwa !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ |- | rowspan="4" |Crystal Palace |2007-08 |Mmeri |13 |3 |1 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |2 |0 |16 |3 |- |200809 |Mmeri |27 |2 |3 |0 |2 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |32 |2 |- |2009 na iri |Mmeri |18 |6 |1 |0 |2 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |21 |6 |- ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta !58 !11 !5 !0 !4 !0 ! colspan="2" |Ọdịdị !2 !0 !69 !11 |- | rowspan="5" |Wigan Athletic |2009 na iri<ref name="sb0910">{{Soccerbase season|47716|2009|access-date=7 December 2012}}</ref> |Njikọ Premier |14 |1 |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |14 |1 |- |2010-11 |Njikọ Premier |21 |1 |2 |0 |3 |1 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |26 |2 |- |2011-12 |Njikọ Premier |38 |6 |1 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |39 |6 |- |201213 |Njikọ Premier |1 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |1 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta !74 !8 !3 !0 !3 !1 ! colspan="2" |Ọdịdị ! colspan="2" |Ọdịdị !80 !9 |- | rowspan="6" |Chelsea |201213<ref name="sb1213" /> |Njikọ Premier |23 |1 |5 |2 |3 |2 |10 |5 |2 |0 |43 |10 |- |201516 |Njikọ Premier |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |1 |0 |1 |0 |- |201617 |Njikọ Premier |34 |3 |4 |0 |2 |1 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |40 |4 |- |2017 18 |Njikọ Premier |28 |3 |3 |0 |2 |0 |4 [nke dị ala-alpha 5] |0 |1 |1 |38 |4 |- |201819 |Njikọ Premier |2 |0 |0 |0 |1 |0 |2[Lower-alpha 6] |0 |1 |0 |6 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta !87 !7 !12 !2 !8 !3 !16 !5 !5 !1 !128 !18 |- |Liverpool (onye a gbazitere) |201314 |Njikọ Premier |19 |1 |2 |1 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |22 |2 |- |Stoke City (onye a gbazitere) |2014-15 |Njikọ Premier |19 |3 |2 |1 |2 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |23 |4 |- |West Ham United (ụgwọ) |201516<ref name="sb1516" /> |Njikọ Premier |21 |1 |4 |1 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |26 |2 |- | rowspan="3" |Fenerbahçe (onye a gbazitere) |201819<ref name="sb1819" /> |Süper Lig |14 |4 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |2 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |16 |4 |- |201920 |Süper Lig |6 |1 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |7 |1 |- ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta !20 !5 !1 !0 ! colspan="2" |Ọdịdị !2 !0 ! colspan="2" |Ọdịdị !23 !5 |- |Inter Milan (nke a gbazitere) |201920<ref name="sb1920" /> |Usoro A |12 |0 |3 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |5 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |20 |0 |- |Spartak Moscow (gbazinye ego) |2020 21 |Russian Premier League |19 |4 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |20 |4 |- | rowspan="3" |Spartak Moscow |2021 22 |Russian Premier League |25 |2 |2 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |7 |1 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |34 |3 |- |202223 |Russian Premier League |4 |2 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |4 |2 |- ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta !48 !8 !3 !0 ! colspan="2" |Ọdịdị !7 !1 ! colspan="2" |Ọdịdị !58 !9 |- ! colspan="3" |Ọrụ zuru ezu !359 !44 !35 !5 !19 !4 !30 !6 !7 !1 !449 !60 |} === Mba ụwa === {{updated|match played 26 June 2018}}<ref name="Moses, Victor">{{NFT player|id=46799|access-date=10 February 2013}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+Ndekọ mba ụwa !Ndị otu mba !Afọ !Ngwa !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ |- | rowspan="7" |[[Nigeria national football team|Naịjirịa]] |2012 |6 |2 |- |2013 |11 |4 |- |2014 |6 |1 |- |2015 |0 |0 |- |2016 |4 |2 |- |2017 |3 |1 |- |2018 |7 |2 |- ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta !37 !12 |} : ''Akara na nsonaazụ depụtara ihe mgbaru ọsọ Naịjirịa na mbụ''. {| class="wikitable" !Mba. !Ụbọchị !Ebe a na-anọ !Onye mmegide !Ihe ndị a tụrụ !Nsonaazụ !Ịsọ mpi |- |1 | rowspan="2" |13 Ọktoba 2012 | rowspan="2" |U. J. Esuene Stadium, [[Calabar]], Nigeria | rowspan="2" | Liberia |{{center|'''3'''–0}} | rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |6 na 1 | rowspan="2" |2013 Africa Cup of Nations iru eru |- |2 |{{center|'''6'''–1}} |- |3 | rowspan="2" |29 Jenụwarị 2013 | rowspan="2" |Royal Bafokeng Stadium, Rustenburg, South Africa | rowspan="2" | Ethiopia |{{center|'''1'''–0}} | rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |2 na 0 | rowspan="2" |2013 Africa Cup of Nations |- |4 |{{center|'''2'''–0}} |- |5 |7 Septemba 2013 |U.J. Esuene Stadium, Calabar, Nigeria | Malawi |{{center|'''2'''–0}} |{{center|2–0}} |2014 FIFA World Cup iru eru |- |6 |16 Nọvemba 2013 |U.J. Esuene Stadium, Calabar, Nigeria | Ethiopia |{{center|'''1'''–0}} |{{center|2–0}} |2014 FIFA World Cup iru eru |- |7 |7 June 2014 |EverBank Field, Jacksonville, United States | United States |{{center|'''1'''–2}} |{{center|1–2}} |Ndị nwere omume enyi |- |8 | rowspan="2" |12 Nọvemba 2016 | rowspan="2" |Godswill Akpabio International Stadium, [[Uyo]], Nigeria | rowspan="2" | Algeria |{{center|'''1'''–0}} | rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |31 Nke 1 | rowspan="3" |2018 FIFA World Cup iru eru |- |9 |{{center|'''3'''–1}} |- |10 |1 Septemba 2017 |Godswill Akpabio International Stadium, Uyo, Nigeria | Cameroon |{{center|'''3'''–0}} |{{center|4–0}} |- |11 |23 Machị 2018 |Stadion Miejski, Wrocław, Poland | Poland |{{center|'''1'''–0}} |{{center|1–0}} |Ndị nwere omume enyi |- |12 |26 June 2018 |Ogige Egwuregwu Krestovsky, St. Petersburg, Russia | Argentina |{{center|'''1'''–1}} |{{center|1–2}} |2018 FIFA World Cup |} == Nsọpụrụ == '''Chelsea''' * Premier League: 201617<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.premierleague.com/players/3983/Victor-Moses/overview|title=Victor Moses: Overview|publisher=Premier League|accessdate=17 April 2018}}</ref> * FA Cup: 2017 na-esote: 2016 na-eso<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/44091559|title=Chelsea 1–0 Manchester United|first=Phil|author=McNulty|work=BBC Sport|date=19 May 2018|accessdate=19 May 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/39984089|title=Arsenal 2–1 Chelsea|first=Phil|author=McNulty|work=BBC Sport|date=27 May 2017|accessdate=22 April 2019}}</ref> * UEFA Europa League: 2012 na 13, 2018<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/48368406|title=Chelsea 4–1 Arsenal|first=Chris|author=Bevan|work=BBC Sport|date=29 May 2019|accessdate=29 May 2019}}</ref> na<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/22445388|title=Benfica 1–2 Chelsea|first=Phil|author=McNulty|work=BBC Sport|date=15 May 2013}}</ref> '''Inter Milan''' * Onye nke abụọ na UEFA Europa League: 201920 '''Spartak Moscow''' * Iko mba Rọshịa: 2021<ref>{{Cite web|publisher=Russian Premier League|url=https://premierliga.ru/news/rfpl/news_28138.html|title="Спартак" обыграл "Динамо" и стал 4-кратным победителем Кубка России|date=29 May 2022|language=ru|accessdate=15 November 2022|archivedate=29 May 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220529165639/https://premierliga.ru/news/rfpl/news_28138.html}}</ref> '''Naịjirịa''' * Iko Mba Afrịka: 2013<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/21396138|title=Nigeria 1–0 Burkina Faso|first=Ian|author=Hughes|work=BBC Sport|date=10 February 2013|accessdate=17 April 2018}}</ref> '''Onye ọ bụla''' * PFA Fans' Premier League Player of the Month: November 2016<ref>{{Cite news|title=Chelsea's Victor Moses wins PFA Fans' Premier League Player of the Month|url=http://www.skysports.com/football/news/11661/10676716/cheleas-victor-moses-wins-pfa-fans-premier-league-player-of-the-month|publisher=Sky Sports|accessdate=4 December 2016}}</ref> == Ihe odide == == Njikọ mpụga == {{Commons category}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20181005210129/https://www.chelseafc.com/en/teams/first-team/victor-moses?pageTab=biography Profaịlụ] na ebe nrụọrụ weebụ Chelsea FC * Victor Moses at Soccerbase {{Navboxes|title=Nigeria squads|bg=#008751|fg=white|bordercolor=silver|list1={{Nigeria squad 2013 Africa Cup of Nations}} {{Nigeria squad 2014 FIFA World Cup}} {{Nigeria squad 2018 FIFA World Cup}}}}{{UEFA European Under-17 Football Championship awards}} ==Edensibia== {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] p2is9cx5l6ujrcz4q30b2z62rr7o241 644400 644399 2026-05-30T22:53:46Z Sayvhior 13464 /* Klọb */ 644400 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}   '''Victor Moses''' (amụrụ na 12 Disemba N'afọ 1990) bụ onye Naijiria na-agba bọọlụ nke na-agba egwu dị ka [[Footbọl|onye]] na-agba ọsọ n'akụkụ ọ bụla maka klọb Russia Spartak Moscow . A na-ejikwa ya dịka onye na-agba ọsọ n'azụ mgbe ụfọdụ n'oge ọrụ ya. Moses malitere ọrụ ya na Asọmpi na Crystal Palace, tupu arụmọrụ ya adọta anya Wigan Athletic, ebe o mere Njikọ Njikọ mbụ ya na N'afọ 2010. Mgbe afọ abụọ gasịrị, egwuregwu ya emeela ka ọ dịkwuo mma ruo n'ókè nke ndị mmeri Europe bụ Chelsea nwere mmasị, ọ bịanyere aka na ha n'oge ọkọchị nke afọ 2012. N'agbanyeghị goolu iri na asọmpi niile n'oge oge mbụ ya, ọ nọrọ oge nke abụọ ya na Liverpool, nke atọ ya na Stoke City na nke anọ ya na West Ham United. A kpọghachiri Moses na Chelsea maka oge 201617 ebe ọ pụtara 34 ka Chelsea meriri Njikọ Njikọ. Mgbe ọ na-enweghị mmasị n'oge mkpọsa ọzọ, Moses nọrọ na Fenerbahçe, Inter Milan na Spartak Moscow n'oge ndị na-esonụ. A mụrụ ya na [[Nigeria national football team|Naịjirịa]], Moses nọchitere anya ndị otu ndị ntorobịa England n'okpuru afọ 16, n'okpuru 17, n'okpuru 19 na n'okpuru 21, mana ọ họọrọ igwu egwu maka Naịjirịa ma ọ bụghị ịbụ onye zuru oke maka England. O mere nke mbụ ya maka ndị otu Naijiria n'afọ 2012 wee nweta 38 caps ma gbaa bọọlụ ugboro 12 tupu ọ laa ezumike nká na egwuregwu mba ụwa n'afọ 2018. Ọ gbara na mkpọsa mmeri nke Naijiria na N'afọ 2013 Africa Cup of Nations, yana mkpọsa na 2014 FIFA World Cup na 2018 FIFA World Cup. == Ọrụ klọb == === Mbido ndụ na ọrụ === A mụrụ Moses na [[Lagos]], nwa nke onye ụkọchukwu Ndị Kraịst. Mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na otu, e gburu nne na nna ya na ọgba aghara okpukpe na [[Kaduna]] mgbe ndị na-eme ọgba aghụghọ wakporo ụlọ ha. Moses na-egwu bọọlụ n'okporo ámá n'oge ahụ. Otu izu mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, mgbe ndị enyi ya zoro ya, ndị ikwu ya kwụrụ ya ụgwọ ka ọ gaa UK iji rịọ maka mgbaba. E debere ya na ezinụlọ nkuchi na South [[London]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2012/sep/14/victor-moses-interview-chelsea|title=Victor Moses: they should be proud of me, looking down being proud|author=Hytner|first=David|date=14 September 2012|work=The Guardian|language=en|accessdate=26 June 2018}}</ref><ref name="MosesAsylum">{{Cite news|author=Kelso|first=Paul|date=20 May 2005|url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2005/may/20/football.immigration|title=14-year-old asylum seeker becomes school's football hero|work=The Guardian|accessdate=23 July 2008}}</ref><ref name="Independent1">{{Cite news|title=FA Cup: Orphaned Victor Moses feels very much at home with Chelsea|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/fa-league-cups/fa-cup-orphaned-victor-moses-feels-very-much-at-home-with-chelsea-8527874.html|work=The Independent|accessdate=11 November 2014}}</ref> Ọ gara Stanley Technical High School (nke a maara ugbu a dị ka Harris Academy) na South Norwood. N'ịbụ onye Scout na-egwu bọọlụ na Tandridge Njikọ maka Cosmos 90 FC, Crystal Palace bịakwutere ya, na ámá egwuregwu Selhurst Park nke klọb ahụ dị n'okporo ámá dị anya site n'ụlọ akwụkwọ ya.<ref name="Independent1" /> N'ịbụ onye e nyere ọnọdụ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ Ugo, Palace tụụrụ ya aro ka ọ gaa ụlọ akwụkwọ Whitgift na-akwụ ụgwọ na Croydon, ebe onye bụbu onye Arsenal na Chelsea bụ Colin Pates na-azụ ndị otu egwuregwu bọọlụ ụlọ akwụkwọ.<ref name="Independent1"/> Moses malitere ịpụta na 14 mgbe ọ gbasịrị goolu 50 maka ndị nọ n'okpuru afọ 14 nke Palace. N'ịgba bọọlụ afọ atọ na Whitgift na Palace, Moses gbara ihe karịrị 100 goolu yana inyere Whitgift aka imeri ọtụtụ iko ụlọ akwụkwọ, gụnyere iko mba ebe Moses gbara goolu ise niile na nke ikpeazụ megide Ụlọ akwụkwọ na-agwọ ọrịa Grimsby na Ama egwuregwu Walkers, Leicester.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Looking back at when Liverpool and Chelsea ace Victor Moses stunned Healing's dream team|url=http://www.grimsbytelegraph.co.uk/Looking-Liverpool-Chelsea-ace-Victor-Moses/story-20471306-detail/story.html|work=Grimsby Telegraph|accessdate=11 November 2014}}</ref> === Crystal Palace === Moses mere egwuregwu mbụ ya maka Palace mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na isii na 6 Nọvemba N'afọ 2007 na 1 China na Cardiff City na Asọmpi.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Cardiff 1–1 Crystal Palace|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_div_1/7076416.stm|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=11 November 2014}}</ref> Ọ nọgidere n'ọnọdụ ya n'akụkụ mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị wee gbaa goolu mbụ ya dị elu na 12 Machị N'afọ 2008 na 1 - 1 ise na West Bromwich Albion.<ref>{{Cite news|title=West Brom 1–1 Crystal Palace|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_div_1/7287966.stm|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=11 November 2014}}</ref> N'ozuzu, Moses gbara bọọlụ ugboro iri na isii n'afọ 2007 ka Palace ruru asọmpi asọmpi Asọmpi ebe ha meriri Bristol City.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Bristol City v C Palace as it happened|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_div_1/7399418.stm|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=11 November 2014}}</ref> Na ngwụcha oge ahụ, ọ bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta ọhụrụ na Selhurst Park, nke mere ka onye njikwa Neil Warnock nwee obi ụtọ, onye kwuru, "Ntinye aka Victor bụ nnukwu ihe maka klọb ahụ; agwa m Victor na ọ nwere ike ịga elu dịka ọ chọrọ. Ọ na-akawanye mma kwa ụbọchị ma enwere m obi ụtọ na ọ bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta a n'ihi na ọ bụ onye ọkpụkpọ ga-esi n'ike gaa n'ike.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Moses signs four-year Palace deal|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/teams/c/crystal_palace/7529661.stm|work=BBC Sport|date=28 July 2008|accessdate=11 November 2014}}</ref> Moses gbara ugboro abụọ n'ime egwuregwu 32 n'afọ 2008 n'ihi na Palace nwere mkpọsa na-akụda mmụọ, na-agwụ na ọnọdụ nke iri na ise. N'afọ 2009, Moses gbara goolu isii n'egwuregwu asatọ mana Palace nwere nnukwu nsogbu ego ma klọb ahụ batara n'ọchịchị na Jenụwarị N'afọ 2010.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Crystal Palace deducted 10 points|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/teams/c/crystal_palace/8484824.stm|work=BBC Sport|date=28 January 2010|accessdate=11 November 2014}}</ref> === Wigan Athletic === N'ụbọchị ikpeazụ nke Jenụwarị N'afọ 2010, ọ rụzuru £ 2.5 nde na Wigan Athletic nke Njikọ Njikọ mgbe Palace banyere na nchịkwa.<ref>{{Cite news|date=31 January 2010|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/leagues/championship/crystalpalace/7121319/Victor-Moses-joins-Wigan-Athletic-as-Crystal-Palace-fire-sale-begins.html|title=Victor Moses joins Wigan Athletic as Crystal Palace fire sale begins|work=The Daily Telegraph|accessdate=31 January 2010|first=Jonathan|author=Liew}}</ref> O mere nke mbụ ya na 6 Febụwarị N'afọ 2010 dị ka onye na-anọchi Sunderland na 1 China draw.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/eng_prem/8493730.stm|title=Sunderland 1–1 Wigan|date=6 February 2010|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=1 March 2010}}</ref> Na 20 Machị N'afọ 2010, Moses bịara dị ka onye nọchiri Burnley wee nweta enyemaka mbụ ya maka klọb ahụ, na-eguzobe Hugo Rodallega maka onye mmeri oge mmerụ ahụ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.wiganlatics.co.uk/page/NewsDetail/0,,10429~2001372,00.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100612181312/http://www.wiganlatics.co.uk/page/NewsDetail/0,,10429~2001372,00.html|archivedate=12 June 2010|title=Victor-ious|publisher=Wigan Athletic F.C.|date=22 March 2010|accessdate=12 October 2013}}</ref> Ọ gbara goolu mbụ ya maka Wigan na 3 Mee N'afọ 2010 megide Hull City.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_prem/8649742.stm|title=Wigan 2–2 Hull|work=BBC Sport|date=3 May 2010|accessdate=3 May 2010}}</ref> Moses merụrụ ahụ ugboro abụọ na mbido oge 2010 na 1911, ọ na-esikwa ya ike ịlaghachi n'ime otu mbụ n'ihi mmụba asọmpi maka ebe.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.clicklancashire.com/my-click/my-real-life/127932-wigan-athletic-winger-victor-moses-wants-tottenham-hotspur-shot.html|title=Wigan Athletic winger Victor Moses wants Tottenham Hotspur shot|work=Click Lancashire|date=26 August 2010|accessdate=1 October 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120310202954/http://www.clicklancashire.com/my-click/my-real-life/127932-wigan-athletic-winger-victor-moses-wants-tottenham-hotspur-shot.html|archivedate=10 March 2012}}</ref> Ọ gbara goolu mbụ ya n'egwuregwu ahụ n'ụbọchị iri na atọ n'ọnwa Nọvemba n'afọ 2010 na mmeri ya na West Bromwich Albion.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/premier-league/moses-and-nzogbia-lead-wigan-out-of-wilderness-2133596.html|title=Moses and N'Zogbia lead Wigan out of wilderness|date=14 November 2010|accessdate=16 November 2010|work=The Independent|first=Darren|author=Witcoop}}</ref> Mgbe ọpụpụ nke onye na-agba ọsọ Charles N'Zogbia gasịrị, Moses ghọrọ onye mbido Wigan na oge N'afọ 2011 na 12. N'abalị iri n'ọnwa Disemba n'afọ 2011, ọ gbara goolu mbụ ya n'oge ahụ megide West Brom bụ goolu mbụ ọ gbara kemgbe ọ gbara otu otu otu egwuregwu ahụ n'oge gara aga. === Chelsea === ==== Afọ 2012 na 13 ==== [[Usòrò:Victor_Moses_Fabio_Santos_2012_FIFA_Club_World_Cup.jpg|thumb|Moses na Fábio Santos nke Corinthians na 2012 FIFA Club World Cup Final]] N'abalị iri abụọ na atọ n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ n'afọ 2012, Wigan nabatara arịrịọ nke ise site n'aka Chelsea mgbe ha mechara zute ọnụahịa Wigan na-arịọ arịrịọ mgbe arịrịọ anọ na-enweghị isi. E nyere onye ọkpụkpọ ahụ ikike ịgwa Chelsea okwu.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.wiganlatics.co.uk/news/article/12-08-23-club-statement-victor-moses-331637.aspx|title=Club confirm Victor Moses bid accepted|publisher=Wigan Athletic F.C|date=23 August 2012|accessdate=23 August 2012}}</ref> N'abalị iri abụọ na anọ n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ, Chelsea kwupụtara na ebufeela Moses.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.chelseafc.com/news-article/article/2899473|title=Moses Transfer Completed|publisher=Chelsea F.C|date=24 August 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131028165252/http://www.chelseafc.com/news-article/article/2899473|archivedate=28 October 2013}}</ref> Moses gbara egwuregwu mbụ ya maka Chelsea mgbe ọ pụtara dị ka onye na-anọchi anya ndị na-asọmpi West London Ogige QueensRangers na 15 Septemba.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www1.skysports.com/football/live/match/261597/report|title=Anton refuses to shake on it|work=Sky Sports|date=15 September 2012|accessdate=22 July 2013}}</ref> Moses mere nke mbụ ya zuru oke maka Chelsea mgbe ọ malitere egwuregwu Iko Njikọ megide Wolverhampton Wanderers wee gbaa goolu mbụ ya mgbe nkeji iri asaa na otu gachara n'egwuregwu nke mechara na Blues.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/19632463|title=Chelsea 6–0 Wolves|work=BBC Sport|date=25 September 2012|accessdate=29 August 2013}}</ref> Moses malitere egwuregwu mbụ ya na Nordsjælland. N'abalị iri atọ na otu n'ọnwa Ọktoba, a kpọrọ Moses Man of the Match megide Manchester United na Iko Njikọ, egwuregwu Chelsea meriri 5o4.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.adifferentleague.co.uk/p6_0_17387_chelsea-focus-revenge-is-sweet-in-man-utd-win.html|title=Chelsea Focus&nbsp;– Revenge is sweet in Man Utd win|date=2 November 2012|accessdate=2 November 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121104075335/http://www.adifferentleague.co.uk/p6_0_17387_chelsea-focus-revenge-is-sweet-in-man-utd-win.html|archivedate=4 November 2012}}</ref> N'abalị atọ n'ọnwa Nọvemba n'afọ 2012, Moses gbara goolu mbụ ya na Njikọ Njikọ maka Chelsea n'egwuregwu ya na Swansea City, nke gwụrụ na 1 01.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://espnfc.com/us/en/report/345755/report.html?soccernet=true&cc=5901|title=Swansea 1–1 Chelsea|publisher=ESPN FC|date=3 November 2012|accessdate=3 November 2012}}</ref> Ụbọchị anọ ka e mesịrị, ọ gbara goolu mbụ ya na Njikọ Njikọ maka Chelsea megide Shakhtar Donetsk; Moses nọchiri Oscar na nkeji nke 79 wee gaa n'ihu na nkuku Juan Mata na sekọnd fọdụrụ iji nweta mmeri 3 South2.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/20150427|title=Chelsea 3–2 Shakhtar Donetsk|date=7 November 2012|accessdate=7 November 2012|work=BBC Sport}}</ref> N'ụbọchị nke ise n'ọnwa Jenụwarị n'afọ 2013, Moses meghere akara ya n'afọ ahụ site n'ịgba ọsọ dị ike n'akụkụ ala mgbe ọ na-egwu na agba nke atọ nke Iko FA megide Southampton, dịka Chelsea si n'azụ wee merie ndị Saints n'azụ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/20863303|title=Demba Ba scored twice on his Chelsea debut as the FA Cup holders came from behind against Southampton to ease into the fourth round at St Mary's Stadium.|work=BBC Sport|date=5 January 2013|accessdate=22 July 2013}}</ref> Moses gbara goolu mbụ ya na Europa League maka Chelsea na mmeri 3 na 1 n'ụlọ megide Rubin Kazan, wee gbaa nke abụọ ya na egwuregwu ọzọ otu izu ka e mesịrị.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/21963641|title=Fernando Torres scored twice to help Chelsea take a huge stride towards the Europa League's last four.|work=BBC Sport|date=4 April 2013|accessdate=22 July 2013}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/22023533|title=Chelsea sealed their place in the Europa League semi-finals despite a careless second-leg defeat against Rubin Kazan in Russia.|work=BBC Sport|date=11 April 2013|accessdate=22 July 2013}}</ref> Ọ gara n'ihu n'ụdị ya dị mma na asọmpi ahụ site n'ịgba goolu mbụ nke otu ya na mmeri 1 South na Basel na 25 Eprel.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.uefa.com/uefaeuropaleague/season=2013/matches/round=2000360/match=2010092/postmatch/report/index.html|title=Last-gasp Luiz strike leaves Chelsea in charge|publisher=UEFA|date=25 April 2013|accessdate=22 July 2013}}</ref> Ọ gbakwara bọọlụ n'egwuregwu ọzọ megide Basel mgbe Blues meriri 3o1 n'ụlọ wee nweta òkè ha na Europa League Final, egwuregwu nke Moses na-egosighị mana Blues meriri 2o1 megide Benfica na Amsterdam na 15 Mee.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/teams/chelsea/10033915/Chelsea-3–FC-Basle-1-agg-5–2-match-report.html|title=Chelsea 3 FC Basle 1; agg 5–2: match report|work=The Daily Telegraph|date=2 May 2013|accessdate=22 July 2013}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.uefa.com/uefaeuropaleague/season=2013/matches/round=2000361/match=2010095/postmatch/report/index.html|title=Ivanović heads Chelsea to Europa League glory|publisher=UEFA|date=15 May 2013|accessdate=22 July 2013}}</ref> ==== Afọ 2013 na 14: Ịgbazinye Liverpool ==== Na 2 Septemba N'afọ 2013, Moses bịanyere aka na Liverpool na nkwekọrịta mgbazinye ego ogologo oge.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.liverpoolfc.com/news/media-watch/sky-sports-moses-deal-completed|title=Moses deal completed|publisher=Liverpool FC|date=2 September 2013|accessdate=2 September 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130905103418/http://www.liverpoolfc.com/news/media-watch/sky-sports-moses-deal-completed|archivedate=5 September 2013}}</ref> Ọ gbara bọọlụ na nke mbụ ya na 16 Septemba megide Swansea City na 2 na-aga n'ihu.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/24012560|title=Swansea 2 Liverpool 2|date=16 September 2013|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=27 May 2018}}</ref> N'abalị iri abụọ na ise n'ọnwa Jenụwarị n'afọ 2014, ọ gbara goolu mbụ nke mmeri 2 na AFC Bournemouth na agba nke anọ nke iko FA.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Bournemouth 0 – 2 Liverpool|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/25789339|accessdate=7 February 2014|work=BBC Sport|date=25 January 2014}}</ref> N'ihi ụdị Raheem Sterling n'oge oge N'afọ 2013 na 14, Moses chọtara ohere siri ike ịbịa n'okpuru Brendan Rodgers, na-egwu egwuregwu 22 nke naanị itoolu n'ime ha malitere.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Chelsea fury as Liverpool sideline striker Victor Moses|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/teams/chelsea/10554657/Chelsea-fury-as-Liverpool-sideline-striker-Victor-Moses.html|work=The Daily Telegraph|accessdate=16 November 2014}}</ref> ==== Afọ 2014 na afọ 15: Ịgbazinye Stoke City ==== N'abalị iri na isii n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ n'afọ 2014, Moses sonyeere Stoke City na mgbazinye maka oge N'afọ 2014 na afọ 15.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Moses moves to Stoke|url=http://www.chelseafc.com/news/latest-news/2014/08/moses-moves-to-stoke.html|work=Chelsea F.C|accessdate=16 August 2014}}</ref> O mere egwuregwu Njikọ Njikọ mbụ ya maka Stoke City na 30 Ọgọstụ na mmeri 1 na Manchester City.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Man City 0–1 Stoke|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/28907276|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=16 September 2014}}</ref> Na mmeri Stoke meriri Newcastle United na 29 Septemba, Moses nyere aka maka otu goolu Peter Crouch gbara ma họpụta ya Nwoke nke egwuregwu maka arụmọrụ ya.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Stoke 1–0 Newcastle|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/29305924|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=6 October 2014}}</ref> N'abalị iri na itoolu n'ọnwa Ọktoba, na mmeri ha meriri Swansea City, Moses meriri ntaramahụhụ mgbe ọ gbadatara n'okpuru ihe ịma aka nke Àngel Rangel; mgbe egwuregwu ahụ gasịrị, onye njikwa Swansea Garry Monk kwuru na Moses dara.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Stoke 2–1 Swansea|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/29586592|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=14 November 2014}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Swansea boss Garry Monk criticises 'cheat' Victor Moses|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/29682896|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=14 November 2014}}</ref> Onye na-ahụ maka ''egwuregwu nke ụbọchị'' nke abụọ bụ John Hartson kwukwara na Moses ghọgburu, mana o mechara rịọ Moses mgbaghara maka okwu ya.<ref>{{Cite web|title=John Hartson apologises to Stoke's Victor Moses over 'cheat' claims|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/29770009|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=14 November 2014}}</ref> Moses gbara goolu mbụ ya maka Stoke na 1 Nọvemba na 2 na West Ham United.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Stoke 2–2 West Ham|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/29768017|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=14 November 2014}}</ref> O merụrụ ahụ n'apata ụkwụ megide Burnley na 22 Nọvemba nke mere ka ọ ghara ịga izu asatọ.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Victor Moses: Stoke City striker faces eight weeks out|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/30210377|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=29 November 2014}}</ref> N'abalị iri na asaa n'ọnwa Jenụwarị n'afọ 2015, Moses laghachiri na mbido megide Leicester City, nke mechiri na mmeri Stoke.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Leicester City vs Stoke City|url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2015/01/17/england/premier-league/leicester-city-fc/stoke-city-fc/1703921/|work=Soccerway|date=17 January 2015}}</ref> N'abalị iri abụọ na otu n'ọnwa Febụwarị, Moses gbara penalty na nkeji iri itoolu iji nweta Stoke mmeri iri abụọ na iri na otu na ndị na-asọmpi Midlands Aston Villa na Villa Park.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Aston Villa 1–2 Stoke|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/31466727|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=14 April 2015}}</ref> O nwetakwara goolu na mmeri 2 na Everton na 4 Machị.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Stoke 2–0 Everton|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/31616988|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=14 April 2015}}</ref> Site na André Schürrle na Mohamed Salah na-apụ na-adịgide adịgide na ịgbazinye ego, n'otu n'otu, a mara ọkwa na onye njikwa Chelsea bụ José Mourinho gbalịrị icheta Moses site na Stoke n'etiti oge, naanị maka onye na-agba ọsọ ịjụ ịlaghachi azụ.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Victor Moses rejected return to Chelsea|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/teams/chelsea/11486800/Victor-Moses-rejected-return-to-Chelsea.html|work=The Daily Telegraph|accessdate=20 March 2015}}</ref> Moses merụrụ ahụ n'ọkpụkpụ ụkwụ mgbe ọ na-egwuri egwu megide West Ham na 11 Eprel, nke mere ka ọ ghara ịga n'ihu n'oge fọdụrụnụ.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Victor Moses returns to Stamford Bridge with injury|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/teams/chelsea/11535854/Chelsea-news-Victor-Moses-returns-to-Stamford-Bridge-with-injury.html|archiveurl=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220112/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/teams/chelsea/11535854/Chelsea-news-Victor-Moses-returns-to-Stamford-Bridge-with-injury.html|archivedate=12 January 2022|work=The Daily Telegraph|accessdate=14 April 2015}}</ref> ==== Afọ 2015 na afọ 16: Ịgbazinye West Ham United ==== [[Usòrò:West_Ham_United_Vs_Manchester_City_(24366292089).jpg|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|Moses na bọọlụ n'oge ọ na-agbazinye na West Ham United, na-egwuri egwu megide Manchester City na 2016]] Mgbe oge gara nke ọma na Stoke, Moses laghachiri na Blues wee pụta na egwuregwu anọ niile tupu oge ezumike ma gbaa otu ugboro, megide Paris Saint-Germain F.C. Moses mere asọmpi mbụ ya kemgbe ọ laghachiri n'ụbọchị nke abụọ n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ 2015 megide Arsenal maka Ọta obodo mgbe ọ nọchiri John Terry na nkeji nke iri asatọ na abụọ.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Paris Saint-Germain 1–1 Chelsea|url=http://www.sportsmole.co.uk/football/chelsea/live-commentary/live-commentary-psg-vs-chelsea_235428.html|date=25 July 2015}}</ref> Egwuregwu ahụ gwụrụ na Chelsea meriri 1 0 .<ref>{{Cite web|title=FA Community Shield: Arsenal vs Chelsea|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/live/football/33500342|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=20 August 2015}}</ref> A gụnyekwara Moses na bench n'oge egwuregwu mbụ nke oge ahụ megide Swansea City, ọ bụ ezie na ọ pụtaghị ka Chelsea dọtara 2 Xia2.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2015/08/08/england/premier-league/chelsea-football-club/swansea-city-afc/2043051/|title=Chelsea vs. Swansea City 2 – 2 (8/8/15)|date=8 August 2015|publisher=Soccerway}}</ref> N'ụbọchị mbụ n'ọnwa Septemba n'afọ 2015, Moses sonyeere West Ham United na mgbazinye oge.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Moses signs on loan|url=http://www.whufc.com/News/Articles/2015/September/1-September/Moses-signs-on-loan|publisher=West Ham United|date=1 September 2015}}</ref> Tupu ọ banye West Ham United na mgbazinye ego, Moses bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta afọ anọ ọhụrụ, nke ga-eme ka ọ nọrọ na Chelsea ruo 2019.<ref>{{Cite news|title=New Deal for Moses|url=https://www.chelseafc.com/news/latest-news/2015/08/new-deal-for-moses.html|publisher=Chelsea FC|date=1 September 2015}}</ref> Moses mere West Ham mbụ ya na 14 Septemba na mmeri 2 na Newcastle United, ebe a kpọrọ ya Nwoke nke Egwuregwu.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/34171138|title=West Ham 2–0 Newcastle United|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=15 September 2015}}</ref> N'egwuregwu nke abụọ ya, na 19 Septemba megide Manchester City, Moses gbara naanị goolu West Ham ya, na mmeri 1 02.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/34191909|title=Manchester City 1–2 West Ham|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=20 September 2015}}</ref> N'ụbọchị nke ise n'ọnwa Disemba, n'oge egwuregwu ahụ megide Manchester United, Moses nwere mmerụ ahụ n'ọkpụkpụ ụkwụ nke mere ka ọ ghara ịga ruo n'ọnwarị.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.espnfc.us/west-ham-united/story/2744994/west-ham-forward-victor-moses-to-undergo-scan-on-hamstring|title=West Ham's Victor Moses to undergo scan on hamstring injury|publisher=ESPN|date=7 December 2015}}</ref> N'ọnwa Eprel, a kpughere na nkwekọrịta mgbazinye ego nwekwara nhọrọ iji mee ka ọ gaa na njedebe nke oge, mana West Ham kpebiri ịjụ nhọrọ ahụ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.skysports.com/football/news/11685/10230070/west-ham-to-let-alex-song-victor-moses-and-emmanuel-emenike-leave-8211-sky-sources|title=West Ham to let Alex Song, Victor Moses and Emmanuel Emenike leave – Sky sources|date=4 April 2016|publisher=SkySports}}</ref> ==== Oge 201617 ==== [[Usòrò:Leicester_0_Chelsea_3_(31510599933).jpg|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|Moses (''n'etiti'') na onye otu mba ''Wilfred Ndidi'' (n'aka nri) na-egwuri egwu maka Chelsea megide ndị mmeri Leicester City, 2017]] Mgbe o masịrị onye njikwa ọhụrụ Antonio Conte n'oge mmalite oge, a gụnyere Moses na ndị otu mbụ. N'abalị iri na ise n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ n'afọ 2016, Moses gbara bọọlụ mbụ ya na Chelsea n'ime afọ atọ, na-apụta n'oche maka Eden Hazard megide West Ham United na mmeri 2.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/37006707|title=Chelsea 2–1 West Ham: Costa's late strike earns Conte's first Premier League win|date=15 August 2016|work=BBC Sport}}</ref> N'abalị iri abụọ na atọ n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ, Moses bidoro nke mbụ ya wee gbaa goolu mbụ ya kemgbe ọ laghachiri, na agba nke abụọ nke iko EFL megide Bristol Rovers na mmeri 3[[2.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Chelsea 3–2 Bristol Rovers|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/37091061|work=BBC Sport|date=23 August 2016|accessdate=23 August 2016}}</ref> Mgbe e merisịrị ya n'azụ azụ, Conte gbanwere n'ime usoro 3<nowiki>[[4]]</nowiki> na Moses na-egwuri egwu dị ka onye na-agbachitere n'akụkụ aka nri na egwuregwu na-esonụ megide Hull City. Ọrụ ya dị ka onye na-agbachitere Chelsea nyeere aka inwe mmeri 2 na-emekwa ka ọ bụrụ Nwoke nke Egwuregwu.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/37459840|title=Hull City 0–2 Chelsea|date=1 October 2016|work=BBC Sport}}</ref> N'abalị iri na ise n'ọnwa Ọktoba n'afọ 2016, Moses gbara goolu nke abụọ ya n'egwuregwu ahụ megide Leicester City na mmeri n'ụlọ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/37594219|title=Chelsea 3–0 Leicester City|date=15 August 2016|work=BBC Sport}}</ref> N'abalị iri abụọ na isii n'ọnwa Nọvemba n'afọ 2016, Moses meriri Tottenham Hotspur na mmeri nke abụọ na otu ma kpọọ ya Nwoke nke Egwuregwu.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.skysports.com/football/chelsea-vs-tottenham/356457|title=Chelsea 2–1 Tottenham Hotspur: Blues maintain hold of top spot|publisher=Sky Sports|date=26 September 2016}}</ref> Moses gbara egwuregwu iri anọ na asọmpi niile maka Chelsea n'afọ 2016 na afọ iri na asaa, na-agba goolu anọ. Site na Chelsea na-emeri n'asọmpi Premier League, Moses ghọrọ onye egwuregwu Naijiria na-eme ọtụtụ egwuregwu Premier League maka otu mmeri.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://pulse.ng/sports/football/chelseas-victor-moses-is-a-premier-league-winner-id6670904.html|title=Chelsea"s Victor Moses is a Premier League winner|first=Steve|author=Dede|accessdate=29 May 2017|archivedate=6 June 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170606055919/http://www.pulse.ng/sports/football/chelseas-victor-moses-is-a-premier-league-winner-id6670904.html}}</ref> Moses kpatara nnukwu esemokwu n'oge 2017 FA Cup Final megide Arsenal nke Chelsea meriri 2<nowiki>[[1]]</nowiki>]. Ebe ọ bụ na edepụtara ya maka mmejọ Danny Welbeck na mbụ, e nyere ya ndebanye aha nke abụọ, nke mere ka ọ nweta kaadị uhie, mgbe ọ gbasịrị n'ebe a na-eme ntaramahụhụ. Ọ ghọrọ onye egwuregwu nke ise a chụpụrụ na ngwụcha FA Cup.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://dailypost.ng/2017/05/28/fa-cup-final-victor-moses-joins-four-players-hall-shame/|title=FA Cup final: Victor Moses joins four other players in hall of shame|date=28 May 2017|accessdate=29 May 2017}}</ref> E mere egwuregwu ahụ ụbọchị ise mgbe bọmbụ Manchester Arena nke mmadụ iri abụọ na atọ, ọtụtụ n'ime ha bụ ụmụaka, nwụrụ. Chelsea eyighị armbands ojii n'oge ọkara mbụ mana o mere n'oge nke abụọ. Mgbe ahụ, Moses, mgbe ọ na-apụ n'ámá egwuregwu wepụrụ nke ya ma tụba ya n'ala, na-akpata iwe na mgbasa ozi mmekọrịta, ọtụtụ na-ebo ya ebubo na ọ naghị egosi nkwanye ùgwù nye ndị nwụrụ anwụ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://uk.sports.yahoo.com/news/twitter-angrily-responds-victor-moses-115020620.html?guccounter=1&guce_referrer=aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuZ29vZ2xlLmNvbS8&guce_referrer_sig=AQAAAFkzgoqiYf1b96ikHRvED0jbJaYh0gkAunvi-T4zb5Lw88JmZCKHnAZmX8mLXodq3W4cCsZki2kYjDvLNv0WzdBvm9-vr5Trwu03Xt3J3uqiV1SzvSNWy-GvzengPT8y_ChYV8uu9Zhk_l55h_YTZs-Vp74DBww5ec5loyZ4oTsx|title=Twitter angrily responds to Victor Moses discarding his black armband following FA Cup dismissal|date=28 May 2017|accessdate=4 June 2020|archivedate=3 June 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200603235121/https://uk.sports.yahoo.com/news/twitter-angrily-responds-victor-moses-115020620.html?guccounter=1&guce_referrer=aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuZ29vZ2xlLmNvbS8&guce_referrer_sig=AQAAAFkzgoqiYf1b96ikHRvED0jbJaYh0gkAunvi-T4zb5Lw88JmZCKHnAZmX8mLXodq3W4cCsZki2kYjDvLNv0WzdBvm9-vr5Trwu03Xt3J3uqiV1SzvSNWy-GvzengPT8y_ChYV8uu9Zhk_l55h_YTZs-Vp74DBww5ec5loyZ4oTsx}}</ref> ==== Afọ 2017-18 ==== Moses gbara goolu mmeghe na N'afọ 2017 FA Community Shield, nke Chelsea meriri ndị na-asọmpi Arsenal na penalties.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Arsenal lift Community Shield|date=6 August 2017|accessdate=21 February 2018|work=thefa.com|publisher=The Football Association|url=http://www.thefa.com/news/2017/aug/04/fa-community-shield-arsenal-chelsea-report-060817}}</ref> ==== Afọ 2018-19: Ịkwụ ụgwọ na Fenerbahçe ==== Na Jenụwarị N'afọ 2019, Moses bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta mgbazinye ọnwa iri na asatọ na otu [[Turkéy|Turkey]], Fenerbahçe.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/46984393|title=Victor Moses: Chelsea winger completes Fenerbahce loan|date=25 January 2019|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=26 January 2019}}</ref> N'ụbọchị mbụ n'ọnwa Febụwarị n'afọ 2019, Moses gbara goolu mbụ ya na Fenerbahçe n'asọmpi ahụ n'asọmpị ahụ n'egwuregwu 2 na Göztepe.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.legit.ng/1219383-fenerbahce-2-0-goztepe-victor-moses-scores-turkish-league-goal.html|title=Fenerbahçe 2 - 0 Göztepe: Victor Moses scores first Turkish league goal|accessdate=1 February 2019}}</ref> ==== Afọ 2019: Ịgbazinye Inter Milan ==== Mgbe e belatara nkwekọrịta Fenerbahçe, Moses bịanyere aka na Inter Milan na nkwekọrịta mgbazinye ọnwa isii na nhọrọ ịzụta na 23 Jenụwarị N'afọ 2020.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.inter.it/en/news/2020/01/22/official-victor-moses-inter.html|title=Victor Moses signs for Inter|date=23 January 2020|work=inter.it|accessdate=23 January 2020}}</ref> Ọ bụ otu n'ime ndị egwuregwu atọ bụbu ndị Premier League sonyeere Inter Milan na windo Jenụwarị, n'akụkụ Ashley Young na Christian Eriksen.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://apnews.com/d933aad42c1ada14c478ea33db645bc3|title=Eriksen completes transfer to Inter from Tottenham|date=28 January 2020|work=apnews.com|accessdate=2020-02-02}}</ref> O mere klọb mbụ ya na 29 Jenụwarị, na-abịa dị ka onye nọchiri Antonio Candreva na ọkara nke abụọ na mmeri Fiorentina n'ụlọ na nkeji iri na ise nke Coppa Italia.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/51304229|title=Inter Milan 2–1 Fiorentina|publisher=BBC Sport|date=29 January 2020|accessdate=30 January 2020}}</ref> O mere egwuregwu mbụ ya ụbọchị ole na ole mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, na 2 Febụwarị, malite n'aka nri na mmeri 2 na Udinese.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.football-italia.net/149565/line-ups-udinese-v-inter|title=Line-ups: Udinese v Inter {{!}} Football Italia|work=football-italia.net|accessdate=2 February 2020}}</ref> ==== Oge nke afọ 2020: Ịkwụ ụgwọ na Spartak Moscow ==== N'abalị iri na ise n'ọnwa Ọktoba n'afọ 2020, Moses sonyeere otu egwuregwu Russian Premier League Spartak Moscow na mgbazinye oge na nhọrọ ịzụta.<ref>{{Cite web|publisher=[[FC Spartak Moscow]]|url=https://spartak.com/news/2020-10-15-viktor_mozes__igrok_spartaka/|title=Виктор Мозес — игрок "Спартака"!|date=15 October 2020|language=ru}}</ref> Ụbọchị abụọ ka e mesịrị n'ụbọchị iri na asaa n'ọnwa Ọktoba, o mere nke mbụ ya na klọb ahụ site na bench na mmeri 3 na 2 megide Khimki.<ref>{{Cite web|publisher=[[FC Spartak Moscow]]|url=https://spartak.com/news/2020-10-17-pobeda_v_khimkakh_goly_kokorina_ponse_i_larssona_debyuty_mozesa_i_oganesyana/|title=Победа в Химках! Голы Кокорина, Понсе и Ларссона, дебюты Мозеса и Оганесяна!|date=17 October 2020|language=ru}}</ref> N'abalị iri abụọ na anọ n'ọnwa Ọktoba, ọ pụtara nke mbụ ya dị ka onye mbido wee gbaa goolu mbụ ya maka Spartak na mmeri 3 na 1 megide Krasnodar.<ref>{{Cite web|publisher=[[FC Spartak Moscow]]|url=https://spartak.com/videos/23927541/|title=Сыграли в кайф в Краснодаре! За кадром яркой победы над "быками"|date=25 October 2020|language=ru}}</ref> N'abalị iri na isii n'ọnwa Mee n'afọ 2021, ọ gbara bọọlụ n'egwuregwu ikpeazụ nke 2020 Russian Premier League megide FC Akhmat Grozny iji guzobe akara ikpeazụ nke 2 . Isi ihe Spartak nwetara nwetara nwetara nwetara ọnọdụ nke abụọ na ntinye nke Champions League maka klọb ahụ.<ref>{{Cite web|publisher=[[Russian Premier League]]|url=https://eng.premierliga.ru/match/match_13873.html|title=Akhmat v Spartak game report|date=16 May 2021}}</ref> === Spartak Moscow === N'ụbọchị nke abụọ n'ọnwa Julaị n'afọ 2021, Chelsea kwupụtara na Moses emechaala ịkwaga Spartak Moscow, na-akwụsị mmekọrịta afọ itoolu ya na klọb ahụ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.chelseafc.com/en/news/2021/07/02/victor-moses-completes-russian-transfer|title=Victor Moses completes Russian transfer|publisher=Chelsea F.C.|date=2 July 2021|accessdate=2 July 2021}}</ref> Spartak mara ọkwa n'otu ụbọchị ahụ na ọ bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta afọ abụọ na klọb ahụ.<ref>{{Cite web|publisher=[[FC Spartak Moscow]]|url=https://spartak.com/news/2021-07-02-mozes_podpisal_kontrakt_so_spartakom_na_dva_goda/|title=Мозес подписал контракт со "Спартаком" на два года|date=2 July 2021|language=ru}}</ref> Na 10 Febụwarị 2022, Moses gbatịkwuru nkwekọrịta ya na Spartak ruo 2024. Moses meriri 2021-22 Russian Cup na klọb ya na 29 Mee na mmeri 2-1 Old Russian Derby meriri Dynamo Moscow. == Ọrụ mba ụwa == === England === ==== U16 na U17 ==== N'agbanyeghị na o si Kaduna, Naịjirịa, Moses họọrọ na mbụ ịnọchite anya ebe obibi ya nke England, na-egosi maka ndị otu na-erubeghị afọ iri na isii, ebe ọ meriri Victory Shield na N'afọ 2005, na ọkwa na-erughị afọ iri na asaa. Ya na ndị otu ahụ gara N'afọ 2007 UEFA European U-17 Championship na [[Belgium]], na-agba goolu ugboro atọ (gụnyere naanị goolu na mmeri ikpeazụ na France) iji nyere John Peacock aka na asọmpi ikpeazụ, ebe Spain meriri ha otu goolu, ọ bụ ezie na Moses jisiri ike mechaa dị ka onye kacha gbaa goolu na asọmpi ahụ ma nweta Golden Boot maka ime otú ahụ.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Victor Moses' Biography: From asylum seeker to African champion|url=https://www.modernghana.com/sports/507763/victor-moses-biography-from-asylum-seeker-to-african-champ.html|accessdate=2022-05-27|work=Modern Ghana|language=en}}</ref> N'otu oge okpomọkụ ahụ, ndị otu ahụ gara South Korea maka FIFA U-17 World Cup. Moses mechiri dị ka onye kacha gbaa bọọlụ nke Young Lions, na-agba bọọlụ ugboro atọ na egwuregwu Group B, mana o merụrụ ahụ na mmeri ya meriri Brazil nke mere ka ọ pụọ na asọmpi ahụ. Ndị otu Moses gara n'ihu ruo n'ọkwa nke anọ.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2015-11-01|title=Football Star Victor Moses Full Biography Life And News|url=https://www.takemetonaija.com/2015/11/football-star-victor-moses-full.html|accessdate=2022-05-27|work=TIN Magazine|language=en-GB}}</ref> ==== U19s ==== Mgbe asọmpi ahụ gasịrị, a kwalitere Moses ka ọ bụrụ onye na-erubeghị afọ iri na asatọ, ma na-agbaso ihe ọ na-eme maka ndị otu mbụ nke Crystal Palace, a kwaliri ya ka ọ bụrụ ndị na-erughị afọ iri na itoolu n'enweghị ihe zuru ezu maka U-18 iji nweta okpu n'ezie. Ọ gara na U-19s na 2008 UEFA European U-19 Championship na [[Chekia|Czech Republic]], na-egwu egwuregwu abụọ ma na-enweta otu enyemaka ka Young Lions na-enweghị ike ịpụta na Group B. Nkọwa na-etolite ka onye njikwa Stuart Pearce na-eleghara ya anya na Moses ga-alaghachi igwu egwu maka [[Nigeria national football team|Naịjirịa]] na 2010 FIFA World Cup.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Victor Moses' Biography: From asylum seeker to African champion|url=https://www.modernghana.com/sports/507763/victor-moses-biography-from-asylum-seeker-to-african-champ.html|accessdate=2022-05-27|work=Modern Ghana|language=en}}</ref> ==== U21s ==== A kwalitere Moses ka ọ bụrụ onye na-erubeghị afọ iri abụọ na otu na mbido oge N'afọ 2010 na iri na otu wee mee nke mbụ ya megide Uzbekistan na mmeri abụọ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://thefa.com/England/mens-under-21s/News/match-centre/2010/EnglandvUzbekistan/Teamsheets?p=ts&mid=102750|archiveurl=https://www.webarchive.org.uk/wayback/archive/20110402053009/http://www.thefa.com/England/mens-under-21s/News/match-centre/2010/EnglandvUzbekistan/Teamsheets?p=ts&mid=102750|archivedate=2 April 2011|title=Teamsheets|publisher=The Football Association|accessdate=1 October 2012}}</ref> === Naịjirịa === [[Usòrò:Iran_and_Nigeria_match_at_the_FIFA_World_Cup_2014-06-12_15.jpg|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|Moses na-egwuri egwu maka [[Nigeria national football team|Naịjirịa]] megide Iran na 2014 FIFA World Cup.]] A họpụtara Moses ka ọ gbaa bọọlụ maka [[Nigeria national football team|Naịjirịa]] megide Guatemala na Febụwarị N'afọ 2011, mana a kagburu egwuregwu enyi na enyi.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20180131023459/http://www.kickoff.com/news/19690/shola-ameobi-victor-moses-get-nigeria-call.php Ameobi, Moses get Nigeria call]. kickoff.com. 14 January 2011.</ref> Ọ nabatara oku na Machị 2011 maka egwuregwu Naịjirịa megide Ethiopia na Kenya.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/africa/9431866.stm|title=Victor Moses gets late Nigeria call|work=BBC Sport|date=24 March 2011|accessdate=7 December 2012}}</ref> Otú ọ dị, a chụpụrụ ya n'egwuregwu ndị ahụ n'ihi na enwetaghị akwụkwọ ya na FIFA iji gbanwee mba n'oge. A mara ọkwa na 1 Nọvemba N'afọ 2011 na FIFA ewepụla Moses na Shola Ameobi ka ha gwuo egwu maka Naịjirịa.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/15524642.stm|title=Fifa clears Shola Ameobi, Moses to play for Nigeria|date=1 November 2011|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=1 November 2011}}</ref> A kpọrọ Moses ka ọ bịa n'òtù ndị ikom iri abụọ na atọ nke Naịjirịa maka iko mba Afrịka nke afọ 2013, na-enweta ntaramahụhụ abụọ n'egwuregwu ikpeazụ ha na Etiopia, nke Naịjarịa chọrọ iji merie iji gafee. Maka nke abụọ, e nyere onye na-edebe goolu nke Etiopia bụ Sisay Bancha akwụkwọ nke abụọ ya na ihe omume ndị dugara na penalty ma chụpụ ya. Ethiopia ejirila ndị nnọchi anya atọ ahụ mee ihe n'ihi ya onye na-ejide ha n'etiti etiti gara n'ime goolu, wee hapụ penalty Moses. Egwuregwu ahụ gwụrụ n'afọ 2-0. Naịjirịa gara n'ihu merie asọmpi ahụ, nke atọ ha. Moses malitere na ngwụcha wee gbaa egwuregwu ahụ dum.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/20970786|title=Nations Cup 2013: Nigeria pick six locally-based players|author=Oluwashina Okeleji|date=10 January 2013|accessdate=10 January 2013|work=BBC Sport}}</ref> A họpụtara Moses maka ndị otu Naịjirịa maka N'afọ 2014 FIFA World Cup<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/teams/nigeria/10810433/Nigeria-World-Cup-2014-squad.html|archiveurl=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220112/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/teams/nigeria/10810433/Nigeria-World-Cup-2014-squad.html|archivedate=12 January 2022|title=Nigeria World Cup 2014 squad|first=Telegraph|author=Sport|date=2 June 2014}}</ref> wee malite na egwuregwu mmeghe ha na agba nke 16 megide France ka ha meriri 2 00.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/27969976|title=France 2-0 Nigeria|date=30 June 2014}}</ref> [[Usòrò:FWC_2018_-_Group_D_-_NGA_v_ISL_-_Photo_37.jpg|áká_èkpè|thumb|Moses na-agba ọsọ n'efu maka [[Nigeria national football team|Naịjirịa]] n'oge 2018 FIFA World Cup.]] Mgbe Gernot Rohr malitere dị ka onye isi nchịkwa Naịjirịa n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ N'afọ 2016, Moses gosipụtara mgbe niile na egwuregwu FIFA 2018.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.espnfc.com/nigeria/story/2984833/premier-league-duo-victor-moses-odion-ighalo-earn-nigeria-recalls|title=Premier League duo Victor Moses, Odion Ighalo earn Nigeria recalls|date=30 October 2016|publisher=ESPN FC|accessdate=12 November 2016}}</ref> Moses nyere Naịjirịa akara n'oge egwuregwu FIFA N'afọ 2018 megide Algeria na Nọvemba 2016, na-enyere ha aka inweta mmeri 3o1 .<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://metro.co.uk/2016/11/12/chelsea-duo-victor-moses-and-john-obi-mikel-seal-win-for-nigeria-6254332/|title=Chelsea duo Victor Moses and John Obi Mikel seal win for Nigeria|date=12 November 2016|work=Metro|accessdate=12 November 2016}}</ref> N'ọnwa Mee afọ 2018, a kpọrọ aha ya na [[Nigeria national football team|ndị otu]] mmadụ iri atọ nke Naijiria maka 2018 World Cup na Russia, ebe ọ nwetara ihe dị mkpa megide Argentina, ọ bụ ezie na, akụkụ ya meriri egwuregwu ahụ na nkeji ole na ole iji hụ Argentina site na Naijiria ka e wepụrụ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.goal.com/en-gb/news/revealed-every-world-cup-2018-squad-23-man-preliminary-lists/oa0atsduflsv1nsf6oqk576rb|title=Revealed: Every World Cup 2018 squad - 23-man & preliminary lists & when will they be announced? - Goal.com}}</ref> Mgbe asọmpi ahụ gasịrị, Moses mara ọkwa na 15 Ọgọstụ na ọ lara ezumike nká n'ịgba bọọlụ mba Naịjirịa.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/45200919|title=Victor Moses: Chelsea's Nigeria winger announces international retirement at 27|work=BBC Sport|date=15 August 2018|accessdate=15 August 2018}}</ref> == Ndụ onwe onye == Moses tolitere na-akwado Arsenal.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Victor Moses: Talentspotter|url=https://www.fourfourtwo.com/features/victor-moses-talentspotter|work=FourFourTwo|accessdate=16 June 2017|date=1 December 2009}}</ref> O nwere nwa nwoke, Brentley, (amụrụ n'afọ 2012) na nwa nwanyị, Nyah, (amuru n'afọ 2015).<ref>{{Cite web|title=Victor Moses dedicates brace to his son Brentley|url=http://www.goal.com/en-ng/news/4687/2015-afcon-qualification/2013/01/30/3713255/victor-moses-dedicates-brace-to-his-son-brentley|work=Goal.com|accessdate=16 November 2014}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Congratulations Mr and Mrs Moses|url=http://www.chelsea.vitalfootball.co.uk/article.asp?a=550384|work=Chelsea Vital|accessdate=9 February 2015|archivedate=25 February 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180225205954/http://www.chelsea.vitalfootball.co.uk/article.asp?a=550384}}</ref> == Ndekọ ọnụ ọgụgụ ọrụ == === Klọb === {{updated|<!--match played--> 6 August 2022}}<ref name=Sb>{{cite web |url=http://www.soccerbase.com/players/player.sd?player_id=47716 |title=Victor Moses: Football Stats |publisher=Soccerbase |access-date=2 April 2015 }}</ref><ref name=Soccerway>{{Soccerway|viktor-moses/25395}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+Ndekọ ọnụ ọgụgụ klọb ! rowspan="2" |Klọb ! rowspan="2" |Oge ! colspan="3" |Njikọ ! colspan="2" |Iko Mba ! colspan="2" |Iko Njikọ ! colspan="2" |Europe ! colspan="2" |Ndị ọzọ ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta |- !Nkewa !Ngwa !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ !Ngwa !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ !Ngwa !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ !Ngwa !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ !Ngwa !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ !Ngwa !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ |- | rowspan="4" |Crystal Palace |2007-08 |Mmeri |13 |3 |1 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |2 |0 |16 |3 |- |200809 |Mmeri |27 |2 |3 |0 |2 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |32 |2 |- |2009 na iri |Mmeri |18 |6 |1 |0 |2 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |21 |6 |- ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta !58 !11 !5 !0 !4 !0 ! colspan="2" |Ọdịdị !2 !0 !69 !11 |- | rowspan="5" |Wigan Athletic |2009 na iri<ref name="sb0910">{{Soccerbase season|47716|2009|access-date=7 December 2012}}</ref> |Njikọ Premier |14 |1 |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |14 |1 |- |2010-11 |Njikọ Premier |21 |1 |2 |0 |3 |1 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |26 |2 |- |2011-12 |Njikọ Premier |38 |6 |1 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |39 |6 |- |201213 |Njikọ Premier |1 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |1 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta !74 !8 !3 !0 !3 !1 ! colspan="2" |Ọdịdị ! colspan="2" |Ọdịdị !80 !9 |- | rowspan="6" |Chelsea |201213<ref name="sb1213">{{Soccerbase season|47716|2012|access-date=7 December 2012}}</ref> |Njikọ Premier |23 |1 |5 |2 |3 |2 |10 |5 |2 |0 |43 |10 |- |201516 |Njikọ Premier |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |1 |0 |1 |0 |- |201617 |Njikọ Premier |34 |3 |4 |0 |2 |1 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |40 |4 |- |2017 18 |Njikọ Premier |28 |3 |3 |0 |2 |0 |4 [nke dị ala-alpha 5] |0 |1 |1 |38 |4 |- |201819 |Njikọ Premier |2 |0 |0 |0 |1 |0 |2[Lower-alpha 6] |0 |1 |0 |6 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta !87 !7 !12 !2 !8 !3 !16 !5 !5 !1 !128 !18 |- |Liverpool (onye a gbazitere) |201314 |Njikọ Premier |19 |1 |2 |1 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |22 |2 |- |Stoke City (onye a gbazitere) |2014-15 |Njikọ Premier |19 |3 |2 |1 |2 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |23 |4 |- |West Ham United (ụgwọ) |201516<ref name="sb1516" /> |Njikọ Premier |21 |1 |4 |1 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |26 |2 |- | rowspan="3" |Fenerbahçe (onye a gbazitere) |201819<ref name="sb1819" /> |Süper Lig |14 |4 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |2 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |16 |4 |- |201920 |Süper Lig |6 |1 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |7 |1 |- ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta !20 !5 !1 !0 ! colspan="2" |Ọdịdị !2 !0 ! colspan="2" |Ọdịdị !23 !5 |- |Inter Milan (nke a gbazitere) |201920<ref name="sb1920" /> |Usoro A |12 |0 |3 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |5 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |20 |0 |- |Spartak Moscow (gbazinye ego) |2020 21 |Russian Premier League |19 |4 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |20 |4 |- | rowspan="3" |Spartak Moscow |2021 22 |Russian Premier League |25 |2 |2 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |7 |1 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |34 |3 |- |202223 |Russian Premier League |4 |2 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |4 |2 |- ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta !48 !8 !3 !0 ! colspan="2" |Ọdịdị !7 !1 ! colspan="2" |Ọdịdị !58 !9 |- ! colspan="3" |Ọrụ zuru ezu !359 !44 !35 !5 !19 !4 !30 !6 !7 !1 !449 !60 |} === Mba ụwa === {{updated|match played 26 June 2018}}<ref name="Moses, Victor">{{NFT player|id=46799|access-date=10 February 2013}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+Ndekọ mba ụwa !Ndị otu mba !Afọ !Ngwa !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ |- | rowspan="7" |[[Nigeria national football team|Naịjirịa]] |2012 |6 |2 |- |2013 |11 |4 |- |2014 |6 |1 |- |2015 |0 |0 |- |2016 |4 |2 |- |2017 |3 |1 |- |2018 |7 |2 |- ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta !37 !12 |} : ''Akara na nsonaazụ depụtara ihe mgbaru ọsọ Naịjirịa na mbụ''. {| class="wikitable" !Mba. !Ụbọchị !Ebe a na-anọ !Onye mmegide !Ihe ndị a tụrụ !Nsonaazụ !Ịsọ mpi |- |1 | rowspan="2" |13 Ọktoba 2012 | rowspan="2" |U. J. Esuene Stadium, [[Calabar]], Nigeria | rowspan="2" | Liberia |{{center|'''3'''–0}} | rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |6 na 1 | rowspan="2" |2013 Africa Cup of Nations iru eru |- |2 |{{center|'''6'''–1}} |- |3 | rowspan="2" |29 Jenụwarị 2013 | rowspan="2" |Royal Bafokeng Stadium, Rustenburg, South Africa | rowspan="2" | Ethiopia |{{center|'''1'''–0}} | rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |2 na 0 | rowspan="2" |2013 Africa Cup of Nations |- |4 |{{center|'''2'''–0}} |- |5 |7 Septemba 2013 |U.J. Esuene Stadium, Calabar, Nigeria | Malawi |{{center|'''2'''–0}} |{{center|2–0}} |2014 FIFA World Cup iru eru |- |6 |16 Nọvemba 2013 |U.J. Esuene Stadium, Calabar, Nigeria | Ethiopia |{{center|'''1'''–0}} |{{center|2–0}} |2014 FIFA World Cup iru eru |- |7 |7 June 2014 |EverBank Field, Jacksonville, United States | United States |{{center|'''1'''–2}} |{{center|1–2}} |Ndị nwere omume enyi |- |8 | rowspan="2" |12 Nọvemba 2016 | rowspan="2" |Godswill Akpabio International Stadium, [[Uyo]], Nigeria | rowspan="2" | Algeria |{{center|'''1'''–0}} | rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |31 Nke 1 | rowspan="3" |2018 FIFA World Cup iru eru |- |9 |{{center|'''3'''–1}} |- |10 |1 Septemba 2017 |Godswill Akpabio International Stadium, Uyo, Nigeria | Cameroon |{{center|'''3'''–0}} |{{center|4–0}} |- |11 |23 Machị 2018 |Stadion Miejski, Wrocław, Poland | Poland |{{center|'''1'''–0}} |{{center|1–0}} |Ndị nwere omume enyi |- |12 |26 June 2018 |Ogige Egwuregwu Krestovsky, St. Petersburg, Russia | Argentina |{{center|'''1'''–1}} |{{center|1–2}} |2018 FIFA World Cup |} == Nsọpụrụ == '''Chelsea''' * Premier League: 201617<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.premierleague.com/players/3983/Victor-Moses/overview|title=Victor Moses: Overview|publisher=Premier League|accessdate=17 April 2018}}</ref> * FA Cup: 2017 na-esote: 2016 na-eso<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/44091559|title=Chelsea 1–0 Manchester United|first=Phil|author=McNulty|work=BBC Sport|date=19 May 2018|accessdate=19 May 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/39984089|title=Arsenal 2–1 Chelsea|first=Phil|author=McNulty|work=BBC Sport|date=27 May 2017|accessdate=22 April 2019}}</ref> * UEFA Europa League: 2012 na 13, 2018<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/48368406|title=Chelsea 4–1 Arsenal|first=Chris|author=Bevan|work=BBC Sport|date=29 May 2019|accessdate=29 May 2019}}</ref> na<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/22445388|title=Benfica 1–2 Chelsea|first=Phil|author=McNulty|work=BBC Sport|date=15 May 2013}}</ref> '''Inter Milan''' * Onye nke abụọ na UEFA Europa League: 201920 '''Spartak Moscow''' * Iko mba Rọshịa: 2021<ref>{{Cite web|publisher=Russian Premier League|url=https://premierliga.ru/news/rfpl/news_28138.html|title="Спартак" обыграл "Динамо" и стал 4-кратным победителем Кубка России|date=29 May 2022|language=ru|accessdate=15 November 2022|archivedate=29 May 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220529165639/https://premierliga.ru/news/rfpl/news_28138.html}}</ref> '''Naịjirịa''' * Iko Mba Afrịka: 2013<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/21396138|title=Nigeria 1–0 Burkina Faso|first=Ian|author=Hughes|work=BBC Sport|date=10 February 2013|accessdate=17 April 2018}}</ref> '''Onye ọ bụla''' * PFA Fans' Premier League Player of the Month: November 2016<ref>{{Cite news|title=Chelsea's Victor Moses wins PFA Fans' Premier League Player of the Month|url=http://www.skysports.com/football/news/11661/10676716/cheleas-victor-moses-wins-pfa-fans-premier-league-player-of-the-month|publisher=Sky Sports|accessdate=4 December 2016}}</ref> == Ihe odide == == Njikọ mpụga == {{Commons category}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20181005210129/https://www.chelseafc.com/en/teams/first-team/victor-moses?pageTab=biography Profaịlụ] na ebe nrụọrụ weebụ Chelsea FC * Victor Moses at Soccerbase {{Navboxes|title=Nigeria squads|bg=#008751|fg=white|bordercolor=silver|list1={{Nigeria squad 2013 Africa Cup of Nations}} {{Nigeria squad 2014 FIFA World Cup}} {{Nigeria squad 2018 FIFA World Cup}}}}{{UEFA European Under-17 Football Championship awards}} ==Edensibia== {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] dczvldev5knvbcgournpafxz0rnof0w 644402 644400 2026-05-30T22:57:38Z Sayvhior 13464 /* Klọb */ 644402 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}   '''Victor Moses''' (amụrụ na 12 Disemba N'afọ 1990) bụ onye Naijiria na-agba bọọlụ nke na-agba egwu dị ka [[Footbọl|onye]] na-agba ọsọ n'akụkụ ọ bụla maka klọb Russia Spartak Moscow . A na-ejikwa ya dịka onye na-agba ọsọ n'azụ mgbe ụfọdụ n'oge ọrụ ya. Moses malitere ọrụ ya na Asọmpi na Crystal Palace, tupu arụmọrụ ya adọta anya Wigan Athletic, ebe o mere Njikọ Njikọ mbụ ya na N'afọ 2010. Mgbe afọ abụọ gasịrị, egwuregwu ya emeela ka ọ dịkwuo mma ruo n'ókè nke ndị mmeri Europe bụ Chelsea nwere mmasị, ọ bịanyere aka na ha n'oge ọkọchị nke afọ 2012. N'agbanyeghị goolu iri na asọmpi niile n'oge oge mbụ ya, ọ nọrọ oge nke abụọ ya na Liverpool, nke atọ ya na Stoke City na nke anọ ya na West Ham United. A kpọghachiri Moses na Chelsea maka oge 201617 ebe ọ pụtara 34 ka Chelsea meriri Njikọ Njikọ. Mgbe ọ na-enweghị mmasị n'oge mkpọsa ọzọ, Moses nọrọ na Fenerbahçe, Inter Milan na Spartak Moscow n'oge ndị na-esonụ. A mụrụ ya na [[Nigeria national football team|Naịjirịa]], Moses nọchitere anya ndị otu ndị ntorobịa England n'okpuru afọ 16, n'okpuru 17, n'okpuru 19 na n'okpuru 21, mana ọ họọrọ igwu egwu maka Naịjirịa ma ọ bụghị ịbụ onye zuru oke maka England. O mere nke mbụ ya maka ndị otu Naijiria n'afọ 2012 wee nweta 38 caps ma gbaa bọọlụ ugboro 12 tupu ọ laa ezumike nká na egwuregwu mba ụwa n'afọ 2018. Ọ gbara na mkpọsa mmeri nke Naijiria na N'afọ 2013 Africa Cup of Nations, yana mkpọsa na 2014 FIFA World Cup na 2018 FIFA World Cup. == Ọrụ klọb == === Mbido ndụ na ọrụ === A mụrụ Moses na [[Lagos]], nwa nke onye ụkọchukwu Ndị Kraịst. Mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na otu, e gburu nne na nna ya na ọgba aghara okpukpe na [[Kaduna]] mgbe ndị na-eme ọgba aghụghọ wakporo ụlọ ha. Moses na-egwu bọọlụ n'okporo ámá n'oge ahụ. Otu izu mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, mgbe ndị enyi ya zoro ya, ndị ikwu ya kwụrụ ya ụgwọ ka ọ gaa UK iji rịọ maka mgbaba. E debere ya na ezinụlọ nkuchi na South [[London]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2012/sep/14/victor-moses-interview-chelsea|title=Victor Moses: they should be proud of me, looking down being proud|author=Hytner|first=David|date=14 September 2012|work=The Guardian|language=en|accessdate=26 June 2018}}</ref><ref name="MosesAsylum">{{Cite news|author=Kelso|first=Paul|date=20 May 2005|url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2005/may/20/football.immigration|title=14-year-old asylum seeker becomes school's football hero|work=The Guardian|accessdate=23 July 2008}}</ref><ref name="Independent1">{{Cite news|title=FA Cup: Orphaned Victor Moses feels very much at home with Chelsea|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/fa-league-cups/fa-cup-orphaned-victor-moses-feels-very-much-at-home-with-chelsea-8527874.html|work=The Independent|accessdate=11 November 2014}}</ref> Ọ gara Stanley Technical High School (nke a maara ugbu a dị ka Harris Academy) na South Norwood. N'ịbụ onye Scout na-egwu bọọlụ na Tandridge Njikọ maka Cosmos 90 FC, Crystal Palace bịakwutere ya, na ámá egwuregwu Selhurst Park nke klọb ahụ dị n'okporo ámá dị anya site n'ụlọ akwụkwọ ya.<ref name="Independent1" /> N'ịbụ onye e nyere ọnọdụ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ Ugo, Palace tụụrụ ya aro ka ọ gaa ụlọ akwụkwọ Whitgift na-akwụ ụgwọ na Croydon, ebe onye bụbu onye Arsenal na Chelsea bụ Colin Pates na-azụ ndị otu egwuregwu bọọlụ ụlọ akwụkwọ.<ref name="Independent1"/> Moses malitere ịpụta na 14 mgbe ọ gbasịrị goolu 50 maka ndị nọ n'okpuru afọ 14 nke Palace. N'ịgba bọọlụ afọ atọ na Whitgift na Palace, Moses gbara ihe karịrị 100 goolu yana inyere Whitgift aka imeri ọtụtụ iko ụlọ akwụkwọ, gụnyere iko mba ebe Moses gbara goolu ise niile na nke ikpeazụ megide Ụlọ akwụkwọ na-agwọ ọrịa Grimsby na Ama egwuregwu Walkers, Leicester.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Looking back at when Liverpool and Chelsea ace Victor Moses stunned Healing's dream team|url=http://www.grimsbytelegraph.co.uk/Looking-Liverpool-Chelsea-ace-Victor-Moses/story-20471306-detail/story.html|work=Grimsby Telegraph|accessdate=11 November 2014}}</ref> === Crystal Palace === Moses mere egwuregwu mbụ ya maka Palace mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na isii na 6 Nọvemba N'afọ 2007 na 1 China na Cardiff City na Asọmpi.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Cardiff 1–1 Crystal Palace|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_div_1/7076416.stm|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=11 November 2014}}</ref> Ọ nọgidere n'ọnọdụ ya n'akụkụ mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị wee gbaa goolu mbụ ya dị elu na 12 Machị N'afọ 2008 na 1 - 1 ise na West Bromwich Albion.<ref>{{Cite news|title=West Brom 1–1 Crystal Palace|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_div_1/7287966.stm|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=11 November 2014}}</ref> N'ozuzu, Moses gbara bọọlụ ugboro iri na isii n'afọ 2007 ka Palace ruru asọmpi asọmpi Asọmpi ebe ha meriri Bristol City.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Bristol City v C Palace as it happened|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_div_1/7399418.stm|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=11 November 2014}}</ref> Na ngwụcha oge ahụ, ọ bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta ọhụrụ na Selhurst Park, nke mere ka onye njikwa Neil Warnock nwee obi ụtọ, onye kwuru, "Ntinye aka Victor bụ nnukwu ihe maka klọb ahụ; agwa m Victor na ọ nwere ike ịga elu dịka ọ chọrọ. Ọ na-akawanye mma kwa ụbọchị ma enwere m obi ụtọ na ọ bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta a n'ihi na ọ bụ onye ọkpụkpọ ga-esi n'ike gaa n'ike.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Moses signs four-year Palace deal|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/teams/c/crystal_palace/7529661.stm|work=BBC Sport|date=28 July 2008|accessdate=11 November 2014}}</ref> Moses gbara ugboro abụọ n'ime egwuregwu 32 n'afọ 2008 n'ihi na Palace nwere mkpọsa na-akụda mmụọ, na-agwụ na ọnọdụ nke iri na ise. N'afọ 2009, Moses gbara goolu isii n'egwuregwu asatọ mana Palace nwere nnukwu nsogbu ego ma klọb ahụ batara n'ọchịchị na Jenụwarị N'afọ 2010.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Crystal Palace deducted 10 points|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/teams/c/crystal_palace/8484824.stm|work=BBC Sport|date=28 January 2010|accessdate=11 November 2014}}</ref> === Wigan Athletic === N'ụbọchị ikpeazụ nke Jenụwarị N'afọ 2010, ọ rụzuru £ 2.5 nde na Wigan Athletic nke Njikọ Njikọ mgbe Palace banyere na nchịkwa.<ref>{{Cite news|date=31 January 2010|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/leagues/championship/crystalpalace/7121319/Victor-Moses-joins-Wigan-Athletic-as-Crystal-Palace-fire-sale-begins.html|title=Victor Moses joins Wigan Athletic as Crystal Palace fire sale begins|work=The Daily Telegraph|accessdate=31 January 2010|first=Jonathan|author=Liew}}</ref> O mere nke mbụ ya na 6 Febụwarị N'afọ 2010 dị ka onye na-anọchi Sunderland na 1 China draw.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/eng_prem/8493730.stm|title=Sunderland 1–1 Wigan|date=6 February 2010|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=1 March 2010}}</ref> Na 20 Machị N'afọ 2010, Moses bịara dị ka onye nọchiri Burnley wee nweta enyemaka mbụ ya maka klọb ahụ, na-eguzobe Hugo Rodallega maka onye mmeri oge mmerụ ahụ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.wiganlatics.co.uk/page/NewsDetail/0,,10429~2001372,00.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100612181312/http://www.wiganlatics.co.uk/page/NewsDetail/0,,10429~2001372,00.html|archivedate=12 June 2010|title=Victor-ious|publisher=Wigan Athletic F.C.|date=22 March 2010|accessdate=12 October 2013}}</ref> Ọ gbara goolu mbụ ya maka Wigan na 3 Mee N'afọ 2010 megide Hull City.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_prem/8649742.stm|title=Wigan 2–2 Hull|work=BBC Sport|date=3 May 2010|accessdate=3 May 2010}}</ref> Moses merụrụ ahụ ugboro abụọ na mbido oge 2010 na 1911, ọ na-esikwa ya ike ịlaghachi n'ime otu mbụ n'ihi mmụba asọmpi maka ebe.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.clicklancashire.com/my-click/my-real-life/127932-wigan-athletic-winger-victor-moses-wants-tottenham-hotspur-shot.html|title=Wigan Athletic winger Victor Moses wants Tottenham Hotspur shot|work=Click Lancashire|date=26 August 2010|accessdate=1 October 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120310202954/http://www.clicklancashire.com/my-click/my-real-life/127932-wigan-athletic-winger-victor-moses-wants-tottenham-hotspur-shot.html|archivedate=10 March 2012}}</ref> Ọ gbara goolu mbụ ya n'egwuregwu ahụ n'ụbọchị iri na atọ n'ọnwa Nọvemba n'afọ 2010 na mmeri ya na West Bromwich Albion.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/premier-league/moses-and-nzogbia-lead-wigan-out-of-wilderness-2133596.html|title=Moses and N'Zogbia lead Wigan out of wilderness|date=14 November 2010|accessdate=16 November 2010|work=The Independent|first=Darren|author=Witcoop}}</ref> Mgbe ọpụpụ nke onye na-agba ọsọ Charles N'Zogbia gasịrị, Moses ghọrọ onye mbido Wigan na oge N'afọ 2011 na 12. N'abalị iri n'ọnwa Disemba n'afọ 2011, ọ gbara goolu mbụ ya n'oge ahụ megide West Brom bụ goolu mbụ ọ gbara kemgbe ọ gbara otu otu otu egwuregwu ahụ n'oge gara aga. === Chelsea === ==== Afọ 2012 na 13 ==== [[Usòrò:Victor_Moses_Fabio_Santos_2012_FIFA_Club_World_Cup.jpg|thumb|Moses na Fábio Santos nke Corinthians na 2012 FIFA Club World Cup Final]] N'abalị iri abụọ na atọ n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ n'afọ 2012, Wigan nabatara arịrịọ nke ise site n'aka Chelsea mgbe ha mechara zute ọnụahịa Wigan na-arịọ arịrịọ mgbe arịrịọ anọ na-enweghị isi. E nyere onye ọkpụkpọ ahụ ikike ịgwa Chelsea okwu.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.wiganlatics.co.uk/news/article/12-08-23-club-statement-victor-moses-331637.aspx|title=Club confirm Victor Moses bid accepted|publisher=Wigan Athletic F.C|date=23 August 2012|accessdate=23 August 2012}}</ref> N'abalị iri abụọ na anọ n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ, Chelsea kwupụtara na ebufeela Moses.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.chelseafc.com/news-article/article/2899473|title=Moses Transfer Completed|publisher=Chelsea F.C|date=24 August 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131028165252/http://www.chelseafc.com/news-article/article/2899473|archivedate=28 October 2013}}</ref> Moses gbara egwuregwu mbụ ya maka Chelsea mgbe ọ pụtara dị ka onye na-anọchi anya ndị na-asọmpi West London Ogige QueensRangers na 15 Septemba.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www1.skysports.com/football/live/match/261597/report|title=Anton refuses to shake on it|work=Sky Sports|date=15 September 2012|accessdate=22 July 2013}}</ref> Moses mere nke mbụ ya zuru oke maka Chelsea mgbe ọ malitere egwuregwu Iko Njikọ megide Wolverhampton Wanderers wee gbaa goolu mbụ ya mgbe nkeji iri asaa na otu gachara n'egwuregwu nke mechara na Blues.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/19632463|title=Chelsea 6–0 Wolves|work=BBC Sport|date=25 September 2012|accessdate=29 August 2013}}</ref> Moses malitere egwuregwu mbụ ya na Nordsjælland. N'abalị iri atọ na otu n'ọnwa Ọktoba, a kpọrọ Moses Man of the Match megide Manchester United na Iko Njikọ, egwuregwu Chelsea meriri 5o4.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.adifferentleague.co.uk/p6_0_17387_chelsea-focus-revenge-is-sweet-in-man-utd-win.html|title=Chelsea Focus&nbsp;– Revenge is sweet in Man Utd win|date=2 November 2012|accessdate=2 November 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121104075335/http://www.adifferentleague.co.uk/p6_0_17387_chelsea-focus-revenge-is-sweet-in-man-utd-win.html|archivedate=4 November 2012}}</ref> N'abalị atọ n'ọnwa Nọvemba n'afọ 2012, Moses gbara goolu mbụ ya na Njikọ Njikọ maka Chelsea n'egwuregwu ya na Swansea City, nke gwụrụ na 1 01.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://espnfc.com/us/en/report/345755/report.html?soccernet=true&cc=5901|title=Swansea 1–1 Chelsea|publisher=ESPN FC|date=3 November 2012|accessdate=3 November 2012}}</ref> Ụbọchị anọ ka e mesịrị, ọ gbara goolu mbụ ya na Njikọ Njikọ maka Chelsea megide Shakhtar Donetsk; Moses nọchiri Oscar na nkeji nke 79 wee gaa n'ihu na nkuku Juan Mata na sekọnd fọdụrụ iji nweta mmeri 3 South2.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/20150427|title=Chelsea 3–2 Shakhtar Donetsk|date=7 November 2012|accessdate=7 November 2012|work=BBC Sport}}</ref> N'ụbọchị nke ise n'ọnwa Jenụwarị n'afọ 2013, Moses meghere akara ya n'afọ ahụ site n'ịgba ọsọ dị ike n'akụkụ ala mgbe ọ na-egwu na agba nke atọ nke Iko FA megide Southampton, dịka Chelsea si n'azụ wee merie ndị Saints n'azụ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/20863303|title=Demba Ba scored twice on his Chelsea debut as the FA Cup holders came from behind against Southampton to ease into the fourth round at St Mary's Stadium.|work=BBC Sport|date=5 January 2013|accessdate=22 July 2013}}</ref> Moses gbara goolu mbụ ya na Europa League maka Chelsea na mmeri 3 na 1 n'ụlọ megide Rubin Kazan, wee gbaa nke abụọ ya na egwuregwu ọzọ otu izu ka e mesịrị.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/21963641|title=Fernando Torres scored twice to help Chelsea take a huge stride towards the Europa League's last four.|work=BBC Sport|date=4 April 2013|accessdate=22 July 2013}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/22023533|title=Chelsea sealed their place in the Europa League semi-finals despite a careless second-leg defeat against Rubin Kazan in Russia.|work=BBC Sport|date=11 April 2013|accessdate=22 July 2013}}</ref> Ọ gara n'ihu n'ụdị ya dị mma na asọmpi ahụ site n'ịgba goolu mbụ nke otu ya na mmeri 1 South na Basel na 25 Eprel.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.uefa.com/uefaeuropaleague/season=2013/matches/round=2000360/match=2010092/postmatch/report/index.html|title=Last-gasp Luiz strike leaves Chelsea in charge|publisher=UEFA|date=25 April 2013|accessdate=22 July 2013}}</ref> Ọ gbakwara bọọlụ n'egwuregwu ọzọ megide Basel mgbe Blues meriri 3o1 n'ụlọ wee nweta òkè ha na Europa League Final, egwuregwu nke Moses na-egosighị mana Blues meriri 2o1 megide Benfica na Amsterdam na 15 Mee.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/teams/chelsea/10033915/Chelsea-3–FC-Basle-1-agg-5–2-match-report.html|title=Chelsea 3 FC Basle 1; agg 5–2: match report|work=The Daily Telegraph|date=2 May 2013|accessdate=22 July 2013}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.uefa.com/uefaeuropaleague/season=2013/matches/round=2000361/match=2010095/postmatch/report/index.html|title=Ivanović heads Chelsea to Europa League glory|publisher=UEFA|date=15 May 2013|accessdate=22 July 2013}}</ref> ==== Afọ 2013 na 14: Ịgbazinye Liverpool ==== Na 2 Septemba N'afọ 2013, Moses bịanyere aka na Liverpool na nkwekọrịta mgbazinye ego ogologo oge.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.liverpoolfc.com/news/media-watch/sky-sports-moses-deal-completed|title=Moses deal completed|publisher=Liverpool FC|date=2 September 2013|accessdate=2 September 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130905103418/http://www.liverpoolfc.com/news/media-watch/sky-sports-moses-deal-completed|archivedate=5 September 2013}}</ref> Ọ gbara bọọlụ na nke mbụ ya na 16 Septemba megide Swansea City na 2 na-aga n'ihu.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/24012560|title=Swansea 2 Liverpool 2|date=16 September 2013|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=27 May 2018}}</ref> N'abalị iri abụọ na ise n'ọnwa Jenụwarị n'afọ 2014, ọ gbara goolu mbụ nke mmeri 2 na AFC Bournemouth na agba nke anọ nke iko FA.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Bournemouth 0 – 2 Liverpool|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/25789339|accessdate=7 February 2014|work=BBC Sport|date=25 January 2014}}</ref> N'ihi ụdị Raheem Sterling n'oge oge N'afọ 2013 na 14, Moses chọtara ohere siri ike ịbịa n'okpuru Brendan Rodgers, na-egwu egwuregwu 22 nke naanị itoolu n'ime ha malitere.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Chelsea fury as Liverpool sideline striker Victor Moses|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/teams/chelsea/10554657/Chelsea-fury-as-Liverpool-sideline-striker-Victor-Moses.html|work=The Daily Telegraph|accessdate=16 November 2014}}</ref> ==== Afọ 2014 na afọ 15: Ịgbazinye Stoke City ==== N'abalị iri na isii n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ n'afọ 2014, Moses sonyeere Stoke City na mgbazinye maka oge N'afọ 2014 na afọ 15.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Moses moves to Stoke|url=http://www.chelseafc.com/news/latest-news/2014/08/moses-moves-to-stoke.html|work=Chelsea F.C|accessdate=16 August 2014}}</ref> O mere egwuregwu Njikọ Njikọ mbụ ya maka Stoke City na 30 Ọgọstụ na mmeri 1 na Manchester City.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Man City 0–1 Stoke|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/28907276|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=16 September 2014}}</ref> Na mmeri Stoke meriri Newcastle United na 29 Septemba, Moses nyere aka maka otu goolu Peter Crouch gbara ma họpụta ya Nwoke nke egwuregwu maka arụmọrụ ya.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Stoke 1–0 Newcastle|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/29305924|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=6 October 2014}}</ref> N'abalị iri na itoolu n'ọnwa Ọktoba, na mmeri ha meriri Swansea City, Moses meriri ntaramahụhụ mgbe ọ gbadatara n'okpuru ihe ịma aka nke Àngel Rangel; mgbe egwuregwu ahụ gasịrị, onye njikwa Swansea Garry Monk kwuru na Moses dara.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Stoke 2–1 Swansea|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/29586592|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=14 November 2014}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Swansea boss Garry Monk criticises 'cheat' Victor Moses|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/29682896|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=14 November 2014}}</ref> Onye na-ahụ maka ''egwuregwu nke ụbọchị'' nke abụọ bụ John Hartson kwukwara na Moses ghọgburu, mana o mechara rịọ Moses mgbaghara maka okwu ya.<ref>{{Cite web|title=John Hartson apologises to Stoke's Victor Moses over 'cheat' claims|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/29770009|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=14 November 2014}}</ref> Moses gbara goolu mbụ ya maka Stoke na 1 Nọvemba na 2 na West Ham United.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Stoke 2–2 West Ham|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/29768017|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=14 November 2014}}</ref> O merụrụ ahụ n'apata ụkwụ megide Burnley na 22 Nọvemba nke mere ka ọ ghara ịga izu asatọ.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Victor Moses: Stoke City striker faces eight weeks out|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/30210377|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=29 November 2014}}</ref> N'abalị iri na asaa n'ọnwa Jenụwarị n'afọ 2015, Moses laghachiri na mbido megide Leicester City, nke mechiri na mmeri Stoke.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Leicester City vs Stoke City|url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2015/01/17/england/premier-league/leicester-city-fc/stoke-city-fc/1703921/|work=Soccerway|date=17 January 2015}}</ref> N'abalị iri abụọ na otu n'ọnwa Febụwarị, Moses gbara penalty na nkeji iri itoolu iji nweta Stoke mmeri iri abụọ na iri na otu na ndị na-asọmpi Midlands Aston Villa na Villa Park.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Aston Villa 1–2 Stoke|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/31466727|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=14 April 2015}}</ref> O nwetakwara goolu na mmeri 2 na Everton na 4 Machị.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Stoke 2–0 Everton|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/31616988|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=14 April 2015}}</ref> Site na André Schürrle na Mohamed Salah na-apụ na-adịgide adịgide na ịgbazinye ego, n'otu n'otu, a mara ọkwa na onye njikwa Chelsea bụ José Mourinho gbalịrị icheta Moses site na Stoke n'etiti oge, naanị maka onye na-agba ọsọ ịjụ ịlaghachi azụ.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Victor Moses rejected return to Chelsea|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/teams/chelsea/11486800/Victor-Moses-rejected-return-to-Chelsea.html|work=The Daily Telegraph|accessdate=20 March 2015}}</ref> Moses merụrụ ahụ n'ọkpụkpụ ụkwụ mgbe ọ na-egwuri egwu megide West Ham na 11 Eprel, nke mere ka ọ ghara ịga n'ihu n'oge fọdụrụnụ.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Victor Moses returns to Stamford Bridge with injury|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/teams/chelsea/11535854/Chelsea-news-Victor-Moses-returns-to-Stamford-Bridge-with-injury.html|archiveurl=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220112/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/teams/chelsea/11535854/Chelsea-news-Victor-Moses-returns-to-Stamford-Bridge-with-injury.html|archivedate=12 January 2022|work=The Daily Telegraph|accessdate=14 April 2015}}</ref> ==== Afọ 2015 na afọ 16: Ịgbazinye West Ham United ==== [[Usòrò:West_Ham_United_Vs_Manchester_City_(24366292089).jpg|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|Moses na bọọlụ n'oge ọ na-agbazinye na West Ham United, na-egwuri egwu megide Manchester City na 2016]] Mgbe oge gara nke ọma na Stoke, Moses laghachiri na Blues wee pụta na egwuregwu anọ niile tupu oge ezumike ma gbaa otu ugboro, megide Paris Saint-Germain F.C. Moses mere asọmpi mbụ ya kemgbe ọ laghachiri n'ụbọchị nke abụọ n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ 2015 megide Arsenal maka Ọta obodo mgbe ọ nọchiri John Terry na nkeji nke iri asatọ na abụọ.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Paris Saint-Germain 1–1 Chelsea|url=http://www.sportsmole.co.uk/football/chelsea/live-commentary/live-commentary-psg-vs-chelsea_235428.html|date=25 July 2015}}</ref> Egwuregwu ahụ gwụrụ na Chelsea meriri 1 0 .<ref>{{Cite web|title=FA Community Shield: Arsenal vs Chelsea|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/live/football/33500342|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=20 August 2015}}</ref> A gụnyekwara Moses na bench n'oge egwuregwu mbụ nke oge ahụ megide Swansea City, ọ bụ ezie na ọ pụtaghị ka Chelsea dọtara 2 Xia2.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2015/08/08/england/premier-league/chelsea-football-club/swansea-city-afc/2043051/|title=Chelsea vs. Swansea City 2 – 2 (8/8/15)|date=8 August 2015|publisher=Soccerway}}</ref> N'ụbọchị mbụ n'ọnwa Septemba n'afọ 2015, Moses sonyeere West Ham United na mgbazinye oge.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Moses signs on loan|url=http://www.whufc.com/News/Articles/2015/September/1-September/Moses-signs-on-loan|publisher=West Ham United|date=1 September 2015}}</ref> Tupu ọ banye West Ham United na mgbazinye ego, Moses bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta afọ anọ ọhụrụ, nke ga-eme ka ọ nọrọ na Chelsea ruo 2019.<ref>{{Cite news|title=New Deal for Moses|url=https://www.chelseafc.com/news/latest-news/2015/08/new-deal-for-moses.html|publisher=Chelsea FC|date=1 September 2015}}</ref> Moses mere West Ham mbụ ya na 14 Septemba na mmeri 2 na Newcastle United, ebe a kpọrọ ya Nwoke nke Egwuregwu.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/34171138|title=West Ham 2–0 Newcastle United|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=15 September 2015}}</ref> N'egwuregwu nke abụọ ya, na 19 Septemba megide Manchester City, Moses gbara naanị goolu West Ham ya, na mmeri 1 02.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/34191909|title=Manchester City 1–2 West Ham|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=20 September 2015}}</ref> N'ụbọchị nke ise n'ọnwa Disemba, n'oge egwuregwu ahụ megide Manchester United, Moses nwere mmerụ ahụ n'ọkpụkpụ ụkwụ nke mere ka ọ ghara ịga ruo n'ọnwarị.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.espnfc.us/west-ham-united/story/2744994/west-ham-forward-victor-moses-to-undergo-scan-on-hamstring|title=West Ham's Victor Moses to undergo scan on hamstring injury|publisher=ESPN|date=7 December 2015}}</ref> N'ọnwa Eprel, a kpughere na nkwekọrịta mgbazinye ego nwekwara nhọrọ iji mee ka ọ gaa na njedebe nke oge, mana West Ham kpebiri ịjụ nhọrọ ahụ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.skysports.com/football/news/11685/10230070/west-ham-to-let-alex-song-victor-moses-and-emmanuel-emenike-leave-8211-sky-sources|title=West Ham to let Alex Song, Victor Moses and Emmanuel Emenike leave – Sky sources|date=4 April 2016|publisher=SkySports}}</ref> ==== Oge 201617 ==== [[Usòrò:Leicester_0_Chelsea_3_(31510599933).jpg|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|Moses (''n'etiti'') na onye otu mba ''Wilfred Ndidi'' (n'aka nri) na-egwuri egwu maka Chelsea megide ndị mmeri Leicester City, 2017]] Mgbe o masịrị onye njikwa ọhụrụ Antonio Conte n'oge mmalite oge, a gụnyere Moses na ndị otu mbụ. N'abalị iri na ise n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ n'afọ 2016, Moses gbara bọọlụ mbụ ya na Chelsea n'ime afọ atọ, na-apụta n'oche maka Eden Hazard megide West Ham United na mmeri 2.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/37006707|title=Chelsea 2–1 West Ham: Costa's late strike earns Conte's first Premier League win|date=15 August 2016|work=BBC Sport}}</ref> N'abalị iri abụọ na atọ n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ, Moses bidoro nke mbụ ya wee gbaa goolu mbụ ya kemgbe ọ laghachiri, na agba nke abụọ nke iko EFL megide Bristol Rovers na mmeri 3[[2.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Chelsea 3–2 Bristol Rovers|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/37091061|work=BBC Sport|date=23 August 2016|accessdate=23 August 2016}}</ref> Mgbe e merisịrị ya n'azụ azụ, Conte gbanwere n'ime usoro 3<nowiki>[[4]]</nowiki> na Moses na-egwuri egwu dị ka onye na-agbachitere n'akụkụ aka nri na egwuregwu na-esonụ megide Hull City. Ọrụ ya dị ka onye na-agbachitere Chelsea nyeere aka inwe mmeri 2 na-emekwa ka ọ bụrụ Nwoke nke Egwuregwu.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/37459840|title=Hull City 0–2 Chelsea|date=1 October 2016|work=BBC Sport}}</ref> N'abalị iri na ise n'ọnwa Ọktoba n'afọ 2016, Moses gbara goolu nke abụọ ya n'egwuregwu ahụ megide Leicester City na mmeri n'ụlọ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/37594219|title=Chelsea 3–0 Leicester City|date=15 August 2016|work=BBC Sport}}</ref> N'abalị iri abụọ na isii n'ọnwa Nọvemba n'afọ 2016, Moses meriri Tottenham Hotspur na mmeri nke abụọ na otu ma kpọọ ya Nwoke nke Egwuregwu.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.skysports.com/football/chelsea-vs-tottenham/356457|title=Chelsea 2–1 Tottenham Hotspur: Blues maintain hold of top spot|publisher=Sky Sports|date=26 September 2016}}</ref> Moses gbara egwuregwu iri anọ na asọmpi niile maka Chelsea n'afọ 2016 na afọ iri na asaa, na-agba goolu anọ. Site na Chelsea na-emeri n'asọmpi Premier League, Moses ghọrọ onye egwuregwu Naijiria na-eme ọtụtụ egwuregwu Premier League maka otu mmeri.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://pulse.ng/sports/football/chelseas-victor-moses-is-a-premier-league-winner-id6670904.html|title=Chelsea"s Victor Moses is a Premier League winner|first=Steve|author=Dede|accessdate=29 May 2017|archivedate=6 June 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170606055919/http://www.pulse.ng/sports/football/chelseas-victor-moses-is-a-premier-league-winner-id6670904.html}}</ref> Moses kpatara nnukwu esemokwu n'oge 2017 FA Cup Final megide Arsenal nke Chelsea meriri 2<nowiki>[[1]]</nowiki>]. Ebe ọ bụ na edepụtara ya maka mmejọ Danny Welbeck na mbụ, e nyere ya ndebanye aha nke abụọ, nke mere ka ọ nweta kaadị uhie, mgbe ọ gbasịrị n'ebe a na-eme ntaramahụhụ. Ọ ghọrọ onye egwuregwu nke ise a chụpụrụ na ngwụcha FA Cup.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://dailypost.ng/2017/05/28/fa-cup-final-victor-moses-joins-four-players-hall-shame/|title=FA Cup final: Victor Moses joins four other players in hall of shame|date=28 May 2017|accessdate=29 May 2017}}</ref> E mere egwuregwu ahụ ụbọchị ise mgbe bọmbụ Manchester Arena nke mmadụ iri abụọ na atọ, ọtụtụ n'ime ha bụ ụmụaka, nwụrụ. Chelsea eyighị armbands ojii n'oge ọkara mbụ mana o mere n'oge nke abụọ. Mgbe ahụ, Moses, mgbe ọ na-apụ n'ámá egwuregwu wepụrụ nke ya ma tụba ya n'ala, na-akpata iwe na mgbasa ozi mmekọrịta, ọtụtụ na-ebo ya ebubo na ọ naghị egosi nkwanye ùgwù nye ndị nwụrụ anwụ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://uk.sports.yahoo.com/news/twitter-angrily-responds-victor-moses-115020620.html?guccounter=1&guce_referrer=aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuZ29vZ2xlLmNvbS8&guce_referrer_sig=AQAAAFkzgoqiYf1b96ikHRvED0jbJaYh0gkAunvi-T4zb5Lw88JmZCKHnAZmX8mLXodq3W4cCsZki2kYjDvLNv0WzdBvm9-vr5Trwu03Xt3J3uqiV1SzvSNWy-GvzengPT8y_ChYV8uu9Zhk_l55h_YTZs-Vp74DBww5ec5loyZ4oTsx|title=Twitter angrily responds to Victor Moses discarding his black armband following FA Cup dismissal|date=28 May 2017|accessdate=4 June 2020|archivedate=3 June 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200603235121/https://uk.sports.yahoo.com/news/twitter-angrily-responds-victor-moses-115020620.html?guccounter=1&guce_referrer=aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuZ29vZ2xlLmNvbS8&guce_referrer_sig=AQAAAFkzgoqiYf1b96ikHRvED0jbJaYh0gkAunvi-T4zb5Lw88JmZCKHnAZmX8mLXodq3W4cCsZki2kYjDvLNv0WzdBvm9-vr5Trwu03Xt3J3uqiV1SzvSNWy-GvzengPT8y_ChYV8uu9Zhk_l55h_YTZs-Vp74DBww5ec5loyZ4oTsx}}</ref> ==== Afọ 2017-18 ==== Moses gbara goolu mmeghe na N'afọ 2017 FA Community Shield, nke Chelsea meriri ndị na-asọmpi Arsenal na penalties.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Arsenal lift Community Shield|date=6 August 2017|accessdate=21 February 2018|work=thefa.com|publisher=The Football Association|url=http://www.thefa.com/news/2017/aug/04/fa-community-shield-arsenal-chelsea-report-060817}}</ref> ==== Afọ 2018-19: Ịkwụ ụgwọ na Fenerbahçe ==== Na Jenụwarị N'afọ 2019, Moses bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta mgbazinye ọnwa iri na asatọ na otu [[Turkéy|Turkey]], Fenerbahçe.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/46984393|title=Victor Moses: Chelsea winger completes Fenerbahce loan|date=25 January 2019|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=26 January 2019}}</ref> N'ụbọchị mbụ n'ọnwa Febụwarị n'afọ 2019, Moses gbara goolu mbụ ya na Fenerbahçe n'asọmpi ahụ n'asọmpị ahụ n'egwuregwu 2 na Göztepe.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.legit.ng/1219383-fenerbahce-2-0-goztepe-victor-moses-scores-turkish-league-goal.html|title=Fenerbahçe 2 - 0 Göztepe: Victor Moses scores first Turkish league goal|accessdate=1 February 2019}}</ref> ==== Afọ 2019: Ịgbazinye Inter Milan ==== Mgbe e belatara nkwekọrịta Fenerbahçe, Moses bịanyere aka na Inter Milan na nkwekọrịta mgbazinye ọnwa isii na nhọrọ ịzụta na 23 Jenụwarị N'afọ 2020.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.inter.it/en/news/2020/01/22/official-victor-moses-inter.html|title=Victor Moses signs for Inter|date=23 January 2020|work=inter.it|accessdate=23 January 2020}}</ref> Ọ bụ otu n'ime ndị egwuregwu atọ bụbu ndị Premier League sonyeere Inter Milan na windo Jenụwarị, n'akụkụ Ashley Young na Christian Eriksen.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://apnews.com/d933aad42c1ada14c478ea33db645bc3|title=Eriksen completes transfer to Inter from Tottenham|date=28 January 2020|work=apnews.com|accessdate=2020-02-02}}</ref> O mere klọb mbụ ya na 29 Jenụwarị, na-abịa dị ka onye nọchiri Antonio Candreva na ọkara nke abụọ na mmeri Fiorentina n'ụlọ na nkeji iri na ise nke Coppa Italia.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/51304229|title=Inter Milan 2–1 Fiorentina|publisher=BBC Sport|date=29 January 2020|accessdate=30 January 2020}}</ref> O mere egwuregwu mbụ ya ụbọchị ole na ole mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, na 2 Febụwarị, malite n'aka nri na mmeri 2 na Udinese.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.football-italia.net/149565/line-ups-udinese-v-inter|title=Line-ups: Udinese v Inter {{!}} Football Italia|work=football-italia.net|accessdate=2 February 2020}}</ref> ==== Oge nke afọ 2020: Ịkwụ ụgwọ na Spartak Moscow ==== N'abalị iri na ise n'ọnwa Ọktoba n'afọ 2020, Moses sonyeere otu egwuregwu Russian Premier League Spartak Moscow na mgbazinye oge na nhọrọ ịzụta.<ref>{{Cite web|publisher=[[FC Spartak Moscow]]|url=https://spartak.com/news/2020-10-15-viktor_mozes__igrok_spartaka/|title=Виктор Мозес — игрок "Спартака"!|date=15 October 2020|language=ru}}</ref> Ụbọchị abụọ ka e mesịrị n'ụbọchị iri na asaa n'ọnwa Ọktoba, o mere nke mbụ ya na klọb ahụ site na bench na mmeri 3 na 2 megide Khimki.<ref>{{Cite web|publisher=[[FC Spartak Moscow]]|url=https://spartak.com/news/2020-10-17-pobeda_v_khimkakh_goly_kokorina_ponse_i_larssona_debyuty_mozesa_i_oganesyana/|title=Победа в Химках! Голы Кокорина, Понсе и Ларссона, дебюты Мозеса и Оганесяна!|date=17 October 2020|language=ru}}</ref> N'abalị iri abụọ na anọ n'ọnwa Ọktoba, ọ pụtara nke mbụ ya dị ka onye mbido wee gbaa goolu mbụ ya maka Spartak na mmeri 3 na 1 megide Krasnodar.<ref>{{Cite web|publisher=[[FC Spartak Moscow]]|url=https://spartak.com/videos/23927541/|title=Сыграли в кайф в Краснодаре! За кадром яркой победы над "быками"|date=25 October 2020|language=ru}}</ref> N'abalị iri na isii n'ọnwa Mee n'afọ 2021, ọ gbara bọọlụ n'egwuregwu ikpeazụ nke 2020 Russian Premier League megide FC Akhmat Grozny iji guzobe akara ikpeazụ nke 2 . Isi ihe Spartak nwetara nwetara nwetara nwetara ọnọdụ nke abụọ na ntinye nke Champions League maka klọb ahụ.<ref>{{Cite web|publisher=[[Russian Premier League]]|url=https://eng.premierliga.ru/match/match_13873.html|title=Akhmat v Spartak game report|date=16 May 2021}}</ref> === Spartak Moscow === N'ụbọchị nke abụọ n'ọnwa Julaị n'afọ 2021, Chelsea kwupụtara na Moses emechaala ịkwaga Spartak Moscow, na-akwụsị mmekọrịta afọ itoolu ya na klọb ahụ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.chelseafc.com/en/news/2021/07/02/victor-moses-completes-russian-transfer|title=Victor Moses completes Russian transfer|publisher=Chelsea F.C.|date=2 July 2021|accessdate=2 July 2021}}</ref> Spartak mara ọkwa n'otu ụbọchị ahụ na ọ bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta afọ abụọ na klọb ahụ.<ref>{{Cite web|publisher=[[FC Spartak Moscow]]|url=https://spartak.com/news/2021-07-02-mozes_podpisal_kontrakt_so_spartakom_na_dva_goda/|title=Мозес подписал контракт со "Спартаком" на два года|date=2 July 2021|language=ru}}</ref> Na 10 Febụwarị 2022, Moses gbatịkwuru nkwekọrịta ya na Spartak ruo 2024. Moses meriri 2021-22 Russian Cup na klọb ya na 29 Mee na mmeri 2-1 Old Russian Derby meriri Dynamo Moscow. == Ọrụ mba ụwa == === England === ==== U16 na U17 ==== N'agbanyeghị na o si Kaduna, Naịjirịa, Moses họọrọ na mbụ ịnọchite anya ebe obibi ya nke England, na-egosi maka ndị otu na-erubeghị afọ iri na isii, ebe ọ meriri Victory Shield na N'afọ 2005, na ọkwa na-erughị afọ iri na asaa. Ya na ndị otu ahụ gara N'afọ 2007 UEFA European U-17 Championship na [[Belgium]], na-agba goolu ugboro atọ (gụnyere naanị goolu na mmeri ikpeazụ na France) iji nyere John Peacock aka na asọmpi ikpeazụ, ebe Spain meriri ha otu goolu, ọ bụ ezie na Moses jisiri ike mechaa dị ka onye kacha gbaa goolu na asọmpi ahụ ma nweta Golden Boot maka ime otú ahụ.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Victor Moses' Biography: From asylum seeker to African champion|url=https://www.modernghana.com/sports/507763/victor-moses-biography-from-asylum-seeker-to-african-champ.html|accessdate=2022-05-27|work=Modern Ghana|language=en}}</ref> N'otu oge okpomọkụ ahụ, ndị otu ahụ gara South Korea maka FIFA U-17 World Cup. Moses mechiri dị ka onye kacha gbaa bọọlụ nke Young Lions, na-agba bọọlụ ugboro atọ na egwuregwu Group B, mana o merụrụ ahụ na mmeri ya meriri Brazil nke mere ka ọ pụọ na asọmpi ahụ. Ndị otu Moses gara n'ihu ruo n'ọkwa nke anọ.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2015-11-01|title=Football Star Victor Moses Full Biography Life And News|url=https://www.takemetonaija.com/2015/11/football-star-victor-moses-full.html|accessdate=2022-05-27|work=TIN Magazine|language=en-GB}}</ref> ==== U19s ==== Mgbe asọmpi ahụ gasịrị, a kwalitere Moses ka ọ bụrụ onye na-erubeghị afọ iri na asatọ, ma na-agbaso ihe ọ na-eme maka ndị otu mbụ nke Crystal Palace, a kwaliri ya ka ọ bụrụ ndị na-erughị afọ iri na itoolu n'enweghị ihe zuru ezu maka U-18 iji nweta okpu n'ezie. Ọ gara na U-19s na 2008 UEFA European U-19 Championship na [[Chekia|Czech Republic]], na-egwu egwuregwu abụọ ma na-enweta otu enyemaka ka Young Lions na-enweghị ike ịpụta na Group B. Nkọwa na-etolite ka onye njikwa Stuart Pearce na-eleghara ya anya na Moses ga-alaghachi igwu egwu maka [[Nigeria national football team|Naịjirịa]] na 2010 FIFA World Cup.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Victor Moses' Biography: From asylum seeker to African champion|url=https://www.modernghana.com/sports/507763/victor-moses-biography-from-asylum-seeker-to-african-champ.html|accessdate=2022-05-27|work=Modern Ghana|language=en}}</ref> ==== U21s ==== A kwalitere Moses ka ọ bụrụ onye na-erubeghị afọ iri abụọ na otu na mbido oge N'afọ 2010 na iri na otu wee mee nke mbụ ya megide Uzbekistan na mmeri abụọ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://thefa.com/England/mens-under-21s/News/match-centre/2010/EnglandvUzbekistan/Teamsheets?p=ts&mid=102750|archiveurl=https://www.webarchive.org.uk/wayback/archive/20110402053009/http://www.thefa.com/England/mens-under-21s/News/match-centre/2010/EnglandvUzbekistan/Teamsheets?p=ts&mid=102750|archivedate=2 April 2011|title=Teamsheets|publisher=The Football Association|accessdate=1 October 2012}}</ref> === Naịjirịa === [[Usòrò:Iran_and_Nigeria_match_at_the_FIFA_World_Cup_2014-06-12_15.jpg|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|Moses na-egwuri egwu maka [[Nigeria national football team|Naịjirịa]] megide Iran na 2014 FIFA World Cup.]] A họpụtara Moses ka ọ gbaa bọọlụ maka [[Nigeria national football team|Naịjirịa]] megide Guatemala na Febụwarị N'afọ 2011, mana a kagburu egwuregwu enyi na enyi.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20180131023459/http://www.kickoff.com/news/19690/shola-ameobi-victor-moses-get-nigeria-call.php Ameobi, Moses get Nigeria call]. kickoff.com. 14 January 2011.</ref> Ọ nabatara oku na Machị 2011 maka egwuregwu Naịjirịa megide Ethiopia na Kenya.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/africa/9431866.stm|title=Victor Moses gets late Nigeria call|work=BBC Sport|date=24 March 2011|accessdate=7 December 2012}}</ref> Otú ọ dị, a chụpụrụ ya n'egwuregwu ndị ahụ n'ihi na enwetaghị akwụkwọ ya na FIFA iji gbanwee mba n'oge. A mara ọkwa na 1 Nọvemba N'afọ 2011 na FIFA ewepụla Moses na Shola Ameobi ka ha gwuo egwu maka Naịjirịa.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/15524642.stm|title=Fifa clears Shola Ameobi, Moses to play for Nigeria|date=1 November 2011|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=1 November 2011}}</ref> A kpọrọ Moses ka ọ bịa n'òtù ndị ikom iri abụọ na atọ nke Naịjirịa maka iko mba Afrịka nke afọ 2013, na-enweta ntaramahụhụ abụọ n'egwuregwu ikpeazụ ha na Etiopia, nke Naịjarịa chọrọ iji merie iji gafee. Maka nke abụọ, e nyere onye na-edebe goolu nke Etiopia bụ Sisay Bancha akwụkwọ nke abụọ ya na ihe omume ndị dugara na penalty ma chụpụ ya. Ethiopia ejirila ndị nnọchi anya atọ ahụ mee ihe n'ihi ya onye na-ejide ha n'etiti etiti gara n'ime goolu, wee hapụ penalty Moses. Egwuregwu ahụ gwụrụ n'afọ 2-0. Naịjirịa gara n'ihu merie asọmpi ahụ, nke atọ ha. Moses malitere na ngwụcha wee gbaa egwuregwu ahụ dum.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/20970786|title=Nations Cup 2013: Nigeria pick six locally-based players|author=Oluwashina Okeleji|date=10 January 2013|accessdate=10 January 2013|work=BBC Sport}}</ref> A họpụtara Moses maka ndị otu Naịjirịa maka N'afọ 2014 FIFA World Cup<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/teams/nigeria/10810433/Nigeria-World-Cup-2014-squad.html|archiveurl=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220112/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/teams/nigeria/10810433/Nigeria-World-Cup-2014-squad.html|archivedate=12 January 2022|title=Nigeria World Cup 2014 squad|first=Telegraph|author=Sport|date=2 June 2014}}</ref> wee malite na egwuregwu mmeghe ha na agba nke 16 megide France ka ha meriri 2 00.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/27969976|title=France 2-0 Nigeria|date=30 June 2014}}</ref> [[Usòrò:FWC_2018_-_Group_D_-_NGA_v_ISL_-_Photo_37.jpg|áká_èkpè|thumb|Moses na-agba ọsọ n'efu maka [[Nigeria national football team|Naịjirịa]] n'oge 2018 FIFA World Cup.]] Mgbe Gernot Rohr malitere dị ka onye isi nchịkwa Naịjirịa n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ N'afọ 2016, Moses gosipụtara mgbe niile na egwuregwu FIFA 2018.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.espnfc.com/nigeria/story/2984833/premier-league-duo-victor-moses-odion-ighalo-earn-nigeria-recalls|title=Premier League duo Victor Moses, Odion Ighalo earn Nigeria recalls|date=30 October 2016|publisher=ESPN FC|accessdate=12 November 2016}}</ref> Moses nyere Naịjirịa akara n'oge egwuregwu FIFA N'afọ 2018 megide Algeria na Nọvemba 2016, na-enyere ha aka inweta mmeri 3o1 .<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://metro.co.uk/2016/11/12/chelsea-duo-victor-moses-and-john-obi-mikel-seal-win-for-nigeria-6254332/|title=Chelsea duo Victor Moses and John Obi Mikel seal win for Nigeria|date=12 November 2016|work=Metro|accessdate=12 November 2016}}</ref> N'ọnwa Mee afọ 2018, a kpọrọ aha ya na [[Nigeria national football team|ndị otu]] mmadụ iri atọ nke Naijiria maka 2018 World Cup na Russia, ebe ọ nwetara ihe dị mkpa megide Argentina, ọ bụ ezie na, akụkụ ya meriri egwuregwu ahụ na nkeji ole na ole iji hụ Argentina site na Naijiria ka e wepụrụ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.goal.com/en-gb/news/revealed-every-world-cup-2018-squad-23-man-preliminary-lists/oa0atsduflsv1nsf6oqk576rb|title=Revealed: Every World Cup 2018 squad - 23-man & preliminary lists & when will they be announced? - Goal.com}}</ref> Mgbe asọmpi ahụ gasịrị, Moses mara ọkwa na 15 Ọgọstụ na ọ lara ezumike nká n'ịgba bọọlụ mba Naịjirịa.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/45200919|title=Victor Moses: Chelsea's Nigeria winger announces international retirement at 27|work=BBC Sport|date=15 August 2018|accessdate=15 August 2018}}</ref> == Ndụ onwe onye == Moses tolitere na-akwado Arsenal.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Victor Moses: Talentspotter|url=https://www.fourfourtwo.com/features/victor-moses-talentspotter|work=FourFourTwo|accessdate=16 June 2017|date=1 December 2009}}</ref> O nwere nwa nwoke, Brentley, (amụrụ n'afọ 2012) na nwa nwanyị, Nyah, (amuru n'afọ 2015).<ref>{{Cite web|title=Victor Moses dedicates brace to his son Brentley|url=http://www.goal.com/en-ng/news/4687/2015-afcon-qualification/2013/01/30/3713255/victor-moses-dedicates-brace-to-his-son-brentley|work=Goal.com|accessdate=16 November 2014}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Congratulations Mr and Mrs Moses|url=http://www.chelsea.vitalfootball.co.uk/article.asp?a=550384|work=Chelsea Vital|accessdate=9 February 2015|archivedate=25 February 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180225205954/http://www.chelsea.vitalfootball.co.uk/article.asp?a=550384}}</ref> == Ndekọ ọnụ ọgụgụ ọrụ == === Klọb === {{updated|<!--match played--> 6 August 2022}}<ref name=Sb>{{cite web |url=http://www.soccerbase.com/players/player.sd?player_id=47716 |title=Victor Moses: Football Stats |publisher=Soccerbase |access-date=2 April 2015 }}</ref><ref name=Soccerway>{{Soccerway|viktor-moses/25395}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+Ndekọ ọnụ ọgụgụ klọb ! rowspan="2" |Klọb ! rowspan="2" |Oge ! colspan="3" |Njikọ ! colspan="2" |Iko Mba ! colspan="2" |Iko Njikọ ! colspan="2" |Europe ! colspan="2" |Ndị ọzọ ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta |- !Nkewa !Ngwa !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ !Ngwa !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ !Ngwa !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ !Ngwa !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ !Ngwa !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ !Ngwa !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ |- | rowspan="4" |Crystal Palace |2007-08 |Mmeri |13 |3 |1 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |2 |0 |16 |3 |- |200809 |Mmeri |27 |2 |3 |0 |2 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |32 |2 |- |2009 na iri |Mmeri |18 |6 |1 |0 |2 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |21 |6 |- ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta !58 !11 !5 !0 !4 !0 ! colspan="2" |Ọdịdị !2 !0 !69 !11 |- | rowspan="5" |Wigan Athletic |2009 na iri<ref name="sb0910">{{Soccerbase season|47716|2009|access-date=7 December 2012}}</ref> |Njikọ Premier |14 |1 |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |14 |1 |- |2010-11 |Njikọ Premier |21 |1 |2 |0 |3 |1 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |26 |2 |- |2011-12 |Njikọ Premier |38 |6 |1 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |39 |6 |- |201213 |Njikọ Premier |1 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |1 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta !74 !8 !3 !0 !3 !1 ! colspan="2" |Ọdịdị ! colspan="2" |Ọdịdị !80 !9 |- | rowspan="6" |Chelsea |201213<ref name="sb1213">{{Soccerbase season|47716|2012|access-date=7 December 2012}}</ref> |Njikọ Premier |23 |1 |5 |2 |3 |2 |10 |5 |2 |0 |43 |10 |- |201516 |Njikọ Premier |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |1 |0 |1 |0 |- |201617 |Njikọ Premier |34 |3 |4 |0 |2 |1 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |40 |4 |- |2017 18 |Njikọ Premier |28 |3 |3 |0 |2 |0 |4 [nke dị ala-alpha 5] |0 |1 |1 |38 |4 |- |201819 |Njikọ Premier |2 |0 |0 |0 |1 |0 |2 |0 |1 |0 |6 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta !87 !7 !12 !2 !8 !3 !16 !5 !5 !1 !128 !18 |- |Liverpool (onye a gbazitere) |201314 |Njikọ Premier |19 |1 |2 |1 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |22 |2 |- |Stoke City (onye a gbazitere) |2014-15 |Njikọ Premier |19 |3 |2 |1 |2 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |23 |4 |- |West Ham United (ụgwọ) |201516<ref name="sb1516">{{Soccerbase season|47716|2015|access-date=4 May 2016}}</ref> |Njikọ Premier |21 |1 |4 |1 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |26 |2 |- | rowspan="3" |Fenerbahçe (onye a gbazitere) |201819<ref name="sb1819" /> |Süper Lig |14 |4 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |2 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |16 |4 |- |201920 |Süper Lig |6 |1 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |7 |1 |- ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta !20 !5 !1 !0 ! colspan="2" |Ọdịdị !2 !0 ! colspan="2" |Ọdịdị !23 !5 |- |Inter Milan (nke a gbazitere) |201920<ref name="sb1920" /> |Usoro A |12 |0 |3 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |5 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |20 |0 |- |Spartak Moscow (gbazinye ego) |2020 21 |Russian Premier League |19 |4 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |20 |4 |- | rowspan="3" |Spartak Moscow |2021 22 |Russian Premier League |25 |2 |2 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |7 |1 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |34 |3 |- |202223 |Russian Premier League |4 |2 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |4 |2 |- ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta !48 !8 !3 !0 ! colspan="2" |Ọdịdị !7 !1 ! colspan="2" |Ọdịdị !58 !9 |- ! colspan="3" |Ọrụ zuru ezu !359 !44 !35 !5 !19 !4 !30 !6 !7 !1 !449 !60 |} === Mba ụwa === {{updated|match played 26 June 2018}}<ref name="Moses, Victor">{{NFT player|id=46799|access-date=10 February 2013}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+Ndekọ mba ụwa !Ndị otu mba !Afọ !Ngwa !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ |- | rowspan="7" |[[Nigeria national football team|Naịjirịa]] |2012 |6 |2 |- |2013 |11 |4 |- |2014 |6 |1 |- |2015 |0 |0 |- |2016 |4 |2 |- |2017 |3 |1 |- |2018 |7 |2 |- ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta !37 !12 |} : ''Akara na nsonaazụ depụtara ihe mgbaru ọsọ Naịjirịa na mbụ''. {| class="wikitable" !Mba. !Ụbọchị !Ebe a na-anọ !Onye mmegide !Ihe ndị a tụrụ !Nsonaazụ !Ịsọ mpi |- |1 | rowspan="2" |13 Ọktoba 2012 | rowspan="2" |U. J. Esuene Stadium, [[Calabar]], Nigeria | rowspan="2" | Liberia |{{center|'''3'''–0}} | rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |6 na 1 | rowspan="2" |2013 Africa Cup of Nations iru eru |- |2 |{{center|'''6'''–1}} |- |3 | rowspan="2" |29 Jenụwarị 2013 | rowspan="2" |Royal Bafokeng Stadium, Rustenburg, South Africa | rowspan="2" | Ethiopia |{{center|'''1'''–0}} | rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |2 na 0 | rowspan="2" |2013 Africa Cup of Nations |- |4 |{{center|'''2'''–0}} |- |5 |7 Septemba 2013 |U.J. Esuene Stadium, Calabar, Nigeria | Malawi |{{center|'''2'''–0}} |{{center|2–0}} |2014 FIFA World Cup iru eru |- |6 |16 Nọvemba 2013 |U.J. Esuene Stadium, Calabar, Nigeria | Ethiopia |{{center|'''1'''–0}} |{{center|2–0}} |2014 FIFA World Cup iru eru |- |7 |7 June 2014 |EverBank Field, Jacksonville, United States | United States |{{center|'''1'''–2}} |{{center|1–2}} |Ndị nwere omume enyi |- |8 | rowspan="2" |12 Nọvemba 2016 | rowspan="2" |Godswill Akpabio International Stadium, [[Uyo]], Nigeria | rowspan="2" | Algeria |{{center|'''1'''–0}} | rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |31 Nke 1 | rowspan="3" |2018 FIFA World Cup iru eru |- |9 |{{center|'''3'''–1}} |- |10 |1 Septemba 2017 |Godswill Akpabio International Stadium, Uyo, Nigeria | Cameroon |{{center|'''3'''–0}} |{{center|4–0}} |- |11 |23 Machị 2018 |Stadion Miejski, Wrocław, Poland | Poland |{{center|'''1'''–0}} |{{center|1–0}} |Ndị nwere omume enyi |- |12 |26 June 2018 |Ogige Egwuregwu Krestovsky, St. Petersburg, Russia | Argentina |{{center|'''1'''–1}} |{{center|1–2}} |2018 FIFA World Cup |} == Nsọpụrụ == '''Chelsea''' * Premier League: 201617<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.premierleague.com/players/3983/Victor-Moses/overview|title=Victor Moses: Overview|publisher=Premier League|accessdate=17 April 2018}}</ref> * FA Cup: 2017 na-esote: 2016 na-eso<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/44091559|title=Chelsea 1–0 Manchester United|first=Phil|author=McNulty|work=BBC Sport|date=19 May 2018|accessdate=19 May 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/39984089|title=Arsenal 2–1 Chelsea|first=Phil|author=McNulty|work=BBC Sport|date=27 May 2017|accessdate=22 April 2019}}</ref> * UEFA Europa League: 2012 na 13, 2018<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/48368406|title=Chelsea 4–1 Arsenal|first=Chris|author=Bevan|work=BBC Sport|date=29 May 2019|accessdate=29 May 2019}}</ref> na<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/22445388|title=Benfica 1–2 Chelsea|first=Phil|author=McNulty|work=BBC Sport|date=15 May 2013}}</ref> '''Inter Milan''' * Onye nke abụọ na UEFA Europa League: 201920 '''Spartak Moscow''' * Iko mba Rọshịa: 2021<ref>{{Cite web|publisher=Russian Premier League|url=https://premierliga.ru/news/rfpl/news_28138.html|title="Спартак" обыграл "Динамо" и стал 4-кратным победителем Кубка России|date=29 May 2022|language=ru|accessdate=15 November 2022|archivedate=29 May 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220529165639/https://premierliga.ru/news/rfpl/news_28138.html}}</ref> '''Naịjirịa''' * Iko Mba Afrịka: 2013<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/21396138|title=Nigeria 1–0 Burkina Faso|first=Ian|author=Hughes|work=BBC Sport|date=10 February 2013|accessdate=17 April 2018}}</ref> '''Onye ọ bụla''' * PFA Fans' Premier League Player of the Month: November 2016<ref>{{Cite news|title=Chelsea's Victor Moses wins PFA Fans' Premier League Player of the Month|url=http://www.skysports.com/football/news/11661/10676716/cheleas-victor-moses-wins-pfa-fans-premier-league-player-of-the-month|publisher=Sky Sports|accessdate=4 December 2016}}</ref> == Ihe odide == == Njikọ mpụga == {{Commons category}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20181005210129/https://www.chelseafc.com/en/teams/first-team/victor-moses?pageTab=biography Profaịlụ] na ebe nrụọrụ weebụ Chelsea FC * Victor Moses at Soccerbase {{Navboxes|title=Nigeria squads|bg=#008751|fg=white|bordercolor=silver|list1={{Nigeria squad 2013 Africa Cup of Nations}} {{Nigeria squad 2014 FIFA World Cup}} {{Nigeria squad 2018 FIFA World Cup}}}}{{UEFA European Under-17 Football Championship awards}} ==Edensibia== {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] fylolat0lqdkpnlobwzvxqibz1kb8ck 644403 644402 2026-05-30T22:59:52Z Sayvhior 13464 /* Klọb */ 644403 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}   '''Victor Moses''' (amụrụ na 12 Disemba N'afọ 1990) bụ onye Naijiria na-agba bọọlụ nke na-agba egwu dị ka [[Footbọl|onye]] na-agba ọsọ n'akụkụ ọ bụla maka klọb Russia Spartak Moscow . A na-ejikwa ya dịka onye na-agba ọsọ n'azụ mgbe ụfọdụ n'oge ọrụ ya. Moses malitere ọrụ ya na Asọmpi na Crystal Palace, tupu arụmọrụ ya adọta anya Wigan Athletic, ebe o mere Njikọ Njikọ mbụ ya na N'afọ 2010. Mgbe afọ abụọ gasịrị, egwuregwu ya emeela ka ọ dịkwuo mma ruo n'ókè nke ndị mmeri Europe bụ Chelsea nwere mmasị, ọ bịanyere aka na ha n'oge ọkọchị nke afọ 2012. N'agbanyeghị goolu iri na asọmpi niile n'oge oge mbụ ya, ọ nọrọ oge nke abụọ ya na Liverpool, nke atọ ya na Stoke City na nke anọ ya na West Ham United. A kpọghachiri Moses na Chelsea maka oge 201617 ebe ọ pụtara 34 ka Chelsea meriri Njikọ Njikọ. Mgbe ọ na-enweghị mmasị n'oge mkpọsa ọzọ, Moses nọrọ na Fenerbahçe, Inter Milan na Spartak Moscow n'oge ndị na-esonụ. A mụrụ ya na [[Nigeria national football team|Naịjirịa]], Moses nọchitere anya ndị otu ndị ntorobịa England n'okpuru afọ 16, n'okpuru 17, n'okpuru 19 na n'okpuru 21, mana ọ họọrọ igwu egwu maka Naịjirịa ma ọ bụghị ịbụ onye zuru oke maka England. O mere nke mbụ ya maka ndị otu Naijiria n'afọ 2012 wee nweta 38 caps ma gbaa bọọlụ ugboro 12 tupu ọ laa ezumike nká na egwuregwu mba ụwa n'afọ 2018. Ọ gbara na mkpọsa mmeri nke Naijiria na N'afọ 2013 Africa Cup of Nations, yana mkpọsa na 2014 FIFA World Cup na 2018 FIFA World Cup. == Ọrụ klọb == === Mbido ndụ na ọrụ === A mụrụ Moses na [[Lagos]], nwa nke onye ụkọchukwu Ndị Kraịst. Mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na otu, e gburu nne na nna ya na ọgba aghara okpukpe na [[Kaduna]] mgbe ndị na-eme ọgba aghụghọ wakporo ụlọ ha. Moses na-egwu bọọlụ n'okporo ámá n'oge ahụ. Otu izu mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, mgbe ndị enyi ya zoro ya, ndị ikwu ya kwụrụ ya ụgwọ ka ọ gaa UK iji rịọ maka mgbaba. E debere ya na ezinụlọ nkuchi na South [[London]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2012/sep/14/victor-moses-interview-chelsea|title=Victor Moses: they should be proud of me, looking down being proud|author=Hytner|first=David|date=14 September 2012|work=The Guardian|language=en|accessdate=26 June 2018}}</ref><ref name="MosesAsylum">{{Cite news|author=Kelso|first=Paul|date=20 May 2005|url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2005/may/20/football.immigration|title=14-year-old asylum seeker becomes school's football hero|work=The Guardian|accessdate=23 July 2008}}</ref><ref name="Independent1">{{Cite news|title=FA Cup: Orphaned Victor Moses feels very much at home with Chelsea|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/fa-league-cups/fa-cup-orphaned-victor-moses-feels-very-much-at-home-with-chelsea-8527874.html|work=The Independent|accessdate=11 November 2014}}</ref> Ọ gara Stanley Technical High School (nke a maara ugbu a dị ka Harris Academy) na South Norwood. N'ịbụ onye Scout na-egwu bọọlụ na Tandridge Njikọ maka Cosmos 90 FC, Crystal Palace bịakwutere ya, na ámá egwuregwu Selhurst Park nke klọb ahụ dị n'okporo ámá dị anya site n'ụlọ akwụkwọ ya.<ref name="Independent1" /> N'ịbụ onye e nyere ọnọdụ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ Ugo, Palace tụụrụ ya aro ka ọ gaa ụlọ akwụkwọ Whitgift na-akwụ ụgwọ na Croydon, ebe onye bụbu onye Arsenal na Chelsea bụ Colin Pates na-azụ ndị otu egwuregwu bọọlụ ụlọ akwụkwọ.<ref name="Independent1"/> Moses malitere ịpụta na 14 mgbe ọ gbasịrị goolu 50 maka ndị nọ n'okpuru afọ 14 nke Palace. N'ịgba bọọlụ afọ atọ na Whitgift na Palace, Moses gbara ihe karịrị 100 goolu yana inyere Whitgift aka imeri ọtụtụ iko ụlọ akwụkwọ, gụnyere iko mba ebe Moses gbara goolu ise niile na nke ikpeazụ megide Ụlọ akwụkwọ na-agwọ ọrịa Grimsby na Ama egwuregwu Walkers, Leicester.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Looking back at when Liverpool and Chelsea ace Victor Moses stunned Healing's dream team|url=http://www.grimsbytelegraph.co.uk/Looking-Liverpool-Chelsea-ace-Victor-Moses/story-20471306-detail/story.html|work=Grimsby Telegraph|accessdate=11 November 2014}}</ref> === Crystal Palace === Moses mere egwuregwu mbụ ya maka Palace mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na isii na 6 Nọvemba N'afọ 2007 na 1 China na Cardiff City na Asọmpi.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Cardiff 1–1 Crystal Palace|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_div_1/7076416.stm|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=11 November 2014}}</ref> Ọ nọgidere n'ọnọdụ ya n'akụkụ mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị wee gbaa goolu mbụ ya dị elu na 12 Machị N'afọ 2008 na 1 - 1 ise na West Bromwich Albion.<ref>{{Cite news|title=West Brom 1–1 Crystal Palace|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_div_1/7287966.stm|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=11 November 2014}}</ref> N'ozuzu, Moses gbara bọọlụ ugboro iri na isii n'afọ 2007 ka Palace ruru asọmpi asọmpi Asọmpi ebe ha meriri Bristol City.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Bristol City v C Palace as it happened|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_div_1/7399418.stm|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=11 November 2014}}</ref> Na ngwụcha oge ahụ, ọ bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta ọhụrụ na Selhurst Park, nke mere ka onye njikwa Neil Warnock nwee obi ụtọ, onye kwuru, "Ntinye aka Victor bụ nnukwu ihe maka klọb ahụ; agwa m Victor na ọ nwere ike ịga elu dịka ọ chọrọ. Ọ na-akawanye mma kwa ụbọchị ma enwere m obi ụtọ na ọ bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta a n'ihi na ọ bụ onye ọkpụkpọ ga-esi n'ike gaa n'ike.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Moses signs four-year Palace deal|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/teams/c/crystal_palace/7529661.stm|work=BBC Sport|date=28 July 2008|accessdate=11 November 2014}}</ref> Moses gbara ugboro abụọ n'ime egwuregwu 32 n'afọ 2008 n'ihi na Palace nwere mkpọsa na-akụda mmụọ, na-agwụ na ọnọdụ nke iri na ise. N'afọ 2009, Moses gbara goolu isii n'egwuregwu asatọ mana Palace nwere nnukwu nsogbu ego ma klọb ahụ batara n'ọchịchị na Jenụwarị N'afọ 2010.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Crystal Palace deducted 10 points|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/teams/c/crystal_palace/8484824.stm|work=BBC Sport|date=28 January 2010|accessdate=11 November 2014}}</ref> === Wigan Athletic === N'ụbọchị ikpeazụ nke Jenụwarị N'afọ 2010, ọ rụzuru £ 2.5 nde na Wigan Athletic nke Njikọ Njikọ mgbe Palace banyere na nchịkwa.<ref>{{Cite news|date=31 January 2010|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/leagues/championship/crystalpalace/7121319/Victor-Moses-joins-Wigan-Athletic-as-Crystal-Palace-fire-sale-begins.html|title=Victor Moses joins Wigan Athletic as Crystal Palace fire sale begins|work=The Daily Telegraph|accessdate=31 January 2010|first=Jonathan|author=Liew}}</ref> O mere nke mbụ ya na 6 Febụwarị N'afọ 2010 dị ka onye na-anọchi Sunderland na 1 China draw.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/eng_prem/8493730.stm|title=Sunderland 1–1 Wigan|date=6 February 2010|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=1 March 2010}}</ref> Na 20 Machị N'afọ 2010, Moses bịara dị ka onye nọchiri Burnley wee nweta enyemaka mbụ ya maka klọb ahụ, na-eguzobe Hugo Rodallega maka onye mmeri oge mmerụ ahụ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.wiganlatics.co.uk/page/NewsDetail/0,,10429~2001372,00.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100612181312/http://www.wiganlatics.co.uk/page/NewsDetail/0,,10429~2001372,00.html|archivedate=12 June 2010|title=Victor-ious|publisher=Wigan Athletic F.C.|date=22 March 2010|accessdate=12 October 2013}}</ref> Ọ gbara goolu mbụ ya maka Wigan na 3 Mee N'afọ 2010 megide Hull City.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_prem/8649742.stm|title=Wigan 2–2 Hull|work=BBC Sport|date=3 May 2010|accessdate=3 May 2010}}</ref> Moses merụrụ ahụ ugboro abụọ na mbido oge 2010 na 1911, ọ na-esikwa ya ike ịlaghachi n'ime otu mbụ n'ihi mmụba asọmpi maka ebe.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.clicklancashire.com/my-click/my-real-life/127932-wigan-athletic-winger-victor-moses-wants-tottenham-hotspur-shot.html|title=Wigan Athletic winger Victor Moses wants Tottenham Hotspur shot|work=Click Lancashire|date=26 August 2010|accessdate=1 October 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120310202954/http://www.clicklancashire.com/my-click/my-real-life/127932-wigan-athletic-winger-victor-moses-wants-tottenham-hotspur-shot.html|archivedate=10 March 2012}}</ref> Ọ gbara goolu mbụ ya n'egwuregwu ahụ n'ụbọchị iri na atọ n'ọnwa Nọvemba n'afọ 2010 na mmeri ya na West Bromwich Albion.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/premier-league/moses-and-nzogbia-lead-wigan-out-of-wilderness-2133596.html|title=Moses and N'Zogbia lead Wigan out of wilderness|date=14 November 2010|accessdate=16 November 2010|work=The Independent|first=Darren|author=Witcoop}}</ref> Mgbe ọpụpụ nke onye na-agba ọsọ Charles N'Zogbia gasịrị, Moses ghọrọ onye mbido Wigan na oge N'afọ 2011 na 12. N'abalị iri n'ọnwa Disemba n'afọ 2011, ọ gbara goolu mbụ ya n'oge ahụ megide West Brom bụ goolu mbụ ọ gbara kemgbe ọ gbara otu otu otu egwuregwu ahụ n'oge gara aga. === Chelsea === ==== Afọ 2012 na 13 ==== [[Usòrò:Victor_Moses_Fabio_Santos_2012_FIFA_Club_World_Cup.jpg|thumb|Moses na Fábio Santos nke Corinthians na 2012 FIFA Club World Cup Final]] N'abalị iri abụọ na atọ n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ n'afọ 2012, Wigan nabatara arịrịọ nke ise site n'aka Chelsea mgbe ha mechara zute ọnụahịa Wigan na-arịọ arịrịọ mgbe arịrịọ anọ na-enweghị isi. E nyere onye ọkpụkpọ ahụ ikike ịgwa Chelsea okwu.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.wiganlatics.co.uk/news/article/12-08-23-club-statement-victor-moses-331637.aspx|title=Club confirm Victor Moses bid accepted|publisher=Wigan Athletic F.C|date=23 August 2012|accessdate=23 August 2012}}</ref> N'abalị iri abụọ na anọ n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ, Chelsea kwupụtara na ebufeela Moses.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.chelseafc.com/news-article/article/2899473|title=Moses Transfer Completed|publisher=Chelsea F.C|date=24 August 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131028165252/http://www.chelseafc.com/news-article/article/2899473|archivedate=28 October 2013}}</ref> Moses gbara egwuregwu mbụ ya maka Chelsea mgbe ọ pụtara dị ka onye na-anọchi anya ndị na-asọmpi West London Ogige QueensRangers na 15 Septemba.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www1.skysports.com/football/live/match/261597/report|title=Anton refuses to shake on it|work=Sky Sports|date=15 September 2012|accessdate=22 July 2013}}</ref> Moses mere nke mbụ ya zuru oke maka Chelsea mgbe ọ malitere egwuregwu Iko Njikọ megide Wolverhampton Wanderers wee gbaa goolu mbụ ya mgbe nkeji iri asaa na otu gachara n'egwuregwu nke mechara na Blues.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/19632463|title=Chelsea 6–0 Wolves|work=BBC Sport|date=25 September 2012|accessdate=29 August 2013}}</ref> Moses malitere egwuregwu mbụ ya na Nordsjælland. N'abalị iri atọ na otu n'ọnwa Ọktoba, a kpọrọ Moses Man of the Match megide Manchester United na Iko Njikọ, egwuregwu Chelsea meriri 5o4.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.adifferentleague.co.uk/p6_0_17387_chelsea-focus-revenge-is-sweet-in-man-utd-win.html|title=Chelsea Focus&nbsp;– Revenge is sweet in Man Utd win|date=2 November 2012|accessdate=2 November 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121104075335/http://www.adifferentleague.co.uk/p6_0_17387_chelsea-focus-revenge-is-sweet-in-man-utd-win.html|archivedate=4 November 2012}}</ref> N'abalị atọ n'ọnwa Nọvemba n'afọ 2012, Moses gbara goolu mbụ ya na Njikọ Njikọ maka Chelsea n'egwuregwu ya na Swansea City, nke gwụrụ na 1 01.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://espnfc.com/us/en/report/345755/report.html?soccernet=true&cc=5901|title=Swansea 1–1 Chelsea|publisher=ESPN FC|date=3 November 2012|accessdate=3 November 2012}}</ref> Ụbọchị anọ ka e mesịrị, ọ gbara goolu mbụ ya na Njikọ Njikọ maka Chelsea megide Shakhtar Donetsk; Moses nọchiri Oscar na nkeji nke 79 wee gaa n'ihu na nkuku Juan Mata na sekọnd fọdụrụ iji nweta mmeri 3 South2.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/20150427|title=Chelsea 3–2 Shakhtar Donetsk|date=7 November 2012|accessdate=7 November 2012|work=BBC Sport}}</ref> N'ụbọchị nke ise n'ọnwa Jenụwarị n'afọ 2013, Moses meghere akara ya n'afọ ahụ site n'ịgba ọsọ dị ike n'akụkụ ala mgbe ọ na-egwu na agba nke atọ nke Iko FA megide Southampton, dịka Chelsea si n'azụ wee merie ndị Saints n'azụ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/20863303|title=Demba Ba scored twice on his Chelsea debut as the FA Cup holders came from behind against Southampton to ease into the fourth round at St Mary's Stadium.|work=BBC Sport|date=5 January 2013|accessdate=22 July 2013}}</ref> Moses gbara goolu mbụ ya na Europa League maka Chelsea na mmeri 3 na 1 n'ụlọ megide Rubin Kazan, wee gbaa nke abụọ ya na egwuregwu ọzọ otu izu ka e mesịrị.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/21963641|title=Fernando Torres scored twice to help Chelsea take a huge stride towards the Europa League's last four.|work=BBC Sport|date=4 April 2013|accessdate=22 July 2013}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/22023533|title=Chelsea sealed their place in the Europa League semi-finals despite a careless second-leg defeat against Rubin Kazan in Russia.|work=BBC Sport|date=11 April 2013|accessdate=22 July 2013}}</ref> Ọ gara n'ihu n'ụdị ya dị mma na asọmpi ahụ site n'ịgba goolu mbụ nke otu ya na mmeri 1 South na Basel na 25 Eprel.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.uefa.com/uefaeuropaleague/season=2013/matches/round=2000360/match=2010092/postmatch/report/index.html|title=Last-gasp Luiz strike leaves Chelsea in charge|publisher=UEFA|date=25 April 2013|accessdate=22 July 2013}}</ref> Ọ gbakwara bọọlụ n'egwuregwu ọzọ megide Basel mgbe Blues meriri 3o1 n'ụlọ wee nweta òkè ha na Europa League Final, egwuregwu nke Moses na-egosighị mana Blues meriri 2o1 megide Benfica na Amsterdam na 15 Mee.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/teams/chelsea/10033915/Chelsea-3–FC-Basle-1-agg-5–2-match-report.html|title=Chelsea 3 FC Basle 1; agg 5–2: match report|work=The Daily Telegraph|date=2 May 2013|accessdate=22 July 2013}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.uefa.com/uefaeuropaleague/season=2013/matches/round=2000361/match=2010095/postmatch/report/index.html|title=Ivanović heads Chelsea to Europa League glory|publisher=UEFA|date=15 May 2013|accessdate=22 July 2013}}</ref> ==== Afọ 2013 na 14: Ịgbazinye Liverpool ==== Na 2 Septemba N'afọ 2013, Moses bịanyere aka na Liverpool na nkwekọrịta mgbazinye ego ogologo oge.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.liverpoolfc.com/news/media-watch/sky-sports-moses-deal-completed|title=Moses deal completed|publisher=Liverpool FC|date=2 September 2013|accessdate=2 September 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130905103418/http://www.liverpoolfc.com/news/media-watch/sky-sports-moses-deal-completed|archivedate=5 September 2013}}</ref> Ọ gbara bọọlụ na nke mbụ ya na 16 Septemba megide Swansea City na 2 na-aga n'ihu.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/24012560|title=Swansea 2 Liverpool 2|date=16 September 2013|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=27 May 2018}}</ref> N'abalị iri abụọ na ise n'ọnwa Jenụwarị n'afọ 2014, ọ gbara goolu mbụ nke mmeri 2 na AFC Bournemouth na agba nke anọ nke iko FA.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Bournemouth 0 – 2 Liverpool|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/25789339|accessdate=7 February 2014|work=BBC Sport|date=25 January 2014}}</ref> N'ihi ụdị Raheem Sterling n'oge oge N'afọ 2013 na 14, Moses chọtara ohere siri ike ịbịa n'okpuru Brendan Rodgers, na-egwu egwuregwu 22 nke naanị itoolu n'ime ha malitere.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Chelsea fury as Liverpool sideline striker Victor Moses|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/teams/chelsea/10554657/Chelsea-fury-as-Liverpool-sideline-striker-Victor-Moses.html|work=The Daily Telegraph|accessdate=16 November 2014}}</ref> ==== Afọ 2014 na afọ 15: Ịgbazinye Stoke City ==== N'abalị iri na isii n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ n'afọ 2014, Moses sonyeere Stoke City na mgbazinye maka oge N'afọ 2014 na afọ 15.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Moses moves to Stoke|url=http://www.chelseafc.com/news/latest-news/2014/08/moses-moves-to-stoke.html|work=Chelsea F.C|accessdate=16 August 2014}}</ref> O mere egwuregwu Njikọ Njikọ mbụ ya maka Stoke City na 30 Ọgọstụ na mmeri 1 na Manchester City.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Man City 0–1 Stoke|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/28907276|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=16 September 2014}}</ref> Na mmeri Stoke meriri Newcastle United na 29 Septemba, Moses nyere aka maka otu goolu Peter Crouch gbara ma họpụta ya Nwoke nke egwuregwu maka arụmọrụ ya.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Stoke 1–0 Newcastle|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/29305924|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=6 October 2014}}</ref> N'abalị iri na itoolu n'ọnwa Ọktoba, na mmeri ha meriri Swansea City, Moses meriri ntaramahụhụ mgbe ọ gbadatara n'okpuru ihe ịma aka nke Àngel Rangel; mgbe egwuregwu ahụ gasịrị, onye njikwa Swansea Garry Monk kwuru na Moses dara.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Stoke 2–1 Swansea|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/29586592|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=14 November 2014}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Swansea boss Garry Monk criticises 'cheat' Victor Moses|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/29682896|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=14 November 2014}}</ref> Onye na-ahụ maka ''egwuregwu nke ụbọchị'' nke abụọ bụ John Hartson kwukwara na Moses ghọgburu, mana o mechara rịọ Moses mgbaghara maka okwu ya.<ref>{{Cite web|title=John Hartson apologises to Stoke's Victor Moses over 'cheat' claims|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/29770009|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=14 November 2014}}</ref> Moses gbara goolu mbụ ya maka Stoke na 1 Nọvemba na 2 na West Ham United.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Stoke 2–2 West Ham|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/29768017|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=14 November 2014}}</ref> O merụrụ ahụ n'apata ụkwụ megide Burnley na 22 Nọvemba nke mere ka ọ ghara ịga izu asatọ.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Victor Moses: Stoke City striker faces eight weeks out|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/30210377|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=29 November 2014}}</ref> N'abalị iri na asaa n'ọnwa Jenụwarị n'afọ 2015, Moses laghachiri na mbido megide Leicester City, nke mechiri na mmeri Stoke.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Leicester City vs Stoke City|url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2015/01/17/england/premier-league/leicester-city-fc/stoke-city-fc/1703921/|work=Soccerway|date=17 January 2015}}</ref> N'abalị iri abụọ na otu n'ọnwa Febụwarị, Moses gbara penalty na nkeji iri itoolu iji nweta Stoke mmeri iri abụọ na iri na otu na ndị na-asọmpi Midlands Aston Villa na Villa Park.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Aston Villa 1–2 Stoke|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/31466727|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=14 April 2015}}</ref> O nwetakwara goolu na mmeri 2 na Everton na 4 Machị.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Stoke 2–0 Everton|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/31616988|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=14 April 2015}}</ref> Site na André Schürrle na Mohamed Salah na-apụ na-adịgide adịgide na ịgbazinye ego, n'otu n'otu, a mara ọkwa na onye njikwa Chelsea bụ José Mourinho gbalịrị icheta Moses site na Stoke n'etiti oge, naanị maka onye na-agba ọsọ ịjụ ịlaghachi azụ.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Victor Moses rejected return to Chelsea|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/teams/chelsea/11486800/Victor-Moses-rejected-return-to-Chelsea.html|work=The Daily Telegraph|accessdate=20 March 2015}}</ref> Moses merụrụ ahụ n'ọkpụkpụ ụkwụ mgbe ọ na-egwuri egwu megide West Ham na 11 Eprel, nke mere ka ọ ghara ịga n'ihu n'oge fọdụrụnụ.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Victor Moses returns to Stamford Bridge with injury|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/teams/chelsea/11535854/Chelsea-news-Victor-Moses-returns-to-Stamford-Bridge-with-injury.html|archiveurl=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220112/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/teams/chelsea/11535854/Chelsea-news-Victor-Moses-returns-to-Stamford-Bridge-with-injury.html|archivedate=12 January 2022|work=The Daily Telegraph|accessdate=14 April 2015}}</ref> ==== Afọ 2015 na afọ 16: Ịgbazinye West Ham United ==== [[Usòrò:West_Ham_United_Vs_Manchester_City_(24366292089).jpg|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|Moses na bọọlụ n'oge ọ na-agbazinye na West Ham United, na-egwuri egwu megide Manchester City na 2016]] Mgbe oge gara nke ọma na Stoke, Moses laghachiri na Blues wee pụta na egwuregwu anọ niile tupu oge ezumike ma gbaa otu ugboro, megide Paris Saint-Germain F.C. Moses mere asọmpi mbụ ya kemgbe ọ laghachiri n'ụbọchị nke abụọ n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ 2015 megide Arsenal maka Ọta obodo mgbe ọ nọchiri John Terry na nkeji nke iri asatọ na abụọ.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Paris Saint-Germain 1–1 Chelsea|url=http://www.sportsmole.co.uk/football/chelsea/live-commentary/live-commentary-psg-vs-chelsea_235428.html|date=25 July 2015}}</ref> Egwuregwu ahụ gwụrụ na Chelsea meriri 1 0 .<ref>{{Cite web|title=FA Community Shield: Arsenal vs Chelsea|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/live/football/33500342|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=20 August 2015}}</ref> A gụnyekwara Moses na bench n'oge egwuregwu mbụ nke oge ahụ megide Swansea City, ọ bụ ezie na ọ pụtaghị ka Chelsea dọtara 2 Xia2.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2015/08/08/england/premier-league/chelsea-football-club/swansea-city-afc/2043051/|title=Chelsea vs. Swansea City 2 – 2 (8/8/15)|date=8 August 2015|publisher=Soccerway}}</ref> N'ụbọchị mbụ n'ọnwa Septemba n'afọ 2015, Moses sonyeere West Ham United na mgbazinye oge.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Moses signs on loan|url=http://www.whufc.com/News/Articles/2015/September/1-September/Moses-signs-on-loan|publisher=West Ham United|date=1 September 2015}}</ref> Tupu ọ banye West Ham United na mgbazinye ego, Moses bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta afọ anọ ọhụrụ, nke ga-eme ka ọ nọrọ na Chelsea ruo 2019.<ref>{{Cite news|title=New Deal for Moses|url=https://www.chelseafc.com/news/latest-news/2015/08/new-deal-for-moses.html|publisher=Chelsea FC|date=1 September 2015}}</ref> Moses mere West Ham mbụ ya na 14 Septemba na mmeri 2 na Newcastle United, ebe a kpọrọ ya Nwoke nke Egwuregwu.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/34171138|title=West Ham 2–0 Newcastle United|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=15 September 2015}}</ref> N'egwuregwu nke abụọ ya, na 19 Septemba megide Manchester City, Moses gbara naanị goolu West Ham ya, na mmeri 1 02.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/34191909|title=Manchester City 1–2 West Ham|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=20 September 2015}}</ref> N'ụbọchị nke ise n'ọnwa Disemba, n'oge egwuregwu ahụ megide Manchester United, Moses nwere mmerụ ahụ n'ọkpụkpụ ụkwụ nke mere ka ọ ghara ịga ruo n'ọnwarị.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.espnfc.us/west-ham-united/story/2744994/west-ham-forward-victor-moses-to-undergo-scan-on-hamstring|title=West Ham's Victor Moses to undergo scan on hamstring injury|publisher=ESPN|date=7 December 2015}}</ref> N'ọnwa Eprel, a kpughere na nkwekọrịta mgbazinye ego nwekwara nhọrọ iji mee ka ọ gaa na njedebe nke oge, mana West Ham kpebiri ịjụ nhọrọ ahụ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.skysports.com/football/news/11685/10230070/west-ham-to-let-alex-song-victor-moses-and-emmanuel-emenike-leave-8211-sky-sources|title=West Ham to let Alex Song, Victor Moses and Emmanuel Emenike leave – Sky sources|date=4 April 2016|publisher=SkySports}}</ref> ==== Oge 201617 ==== [[Usòrò:Leicester_0_Chelsea_3_(31510599933).jpg|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|Moses (''n'etiti'') na onye otu mba ''Wilfred Ndidi'' (n'aka nri) na-egwuri egwu maka Chelsea megide ndị mmeri Leicester City, 2017]] Mgbe o masịrị onye njikwa ọhụrụ Antonio Conte n'oge mmalite oge, a gụnyere Moses na ndị otu mbụ. N'abalị iri na ise n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ n'afọ 2016, Moses gbara bọọlụ mbụ ya na Chelsea n'ime afọ atọ, na-apụta n'oche maka Eden Hazard megide West Ham United na mmeri 2.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/37006707|title=Chelsea 2–1 West Ham: Costa's late strike earns Conte's first Premier League win|date=15 August 2016|work=BBC Sport}}</ref> N'abalị iri abụọ na atọ n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ, Moses bidoro nke mbụ ya wee gbaa goolu mbụ ya kemgbe ọ laghachiri, na agba nke abụọ nke iko EFL megide Bristol Rovers na mmeri 3[[2.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Chelsea 3–2 Bristol Rovers|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/37091061|work=BBC Sport|date=23 August 2016|accessdate=23 August 2016}}</ref> Mgbe e merisịrị ya n'azụ azụ, Conte gbanwere n'ime usoro 3<nowiki>[[4]]</nowiki> na Moses na-egwuri egwu dị ka onye na-agbachitere n'akụkụ aka nri na egwuregwu na-esonụ megide Hull City. Ọrụ ya dị ka onye na-agbachitere Chelsea nyeere aka inwe mmeri 2 na-emekwa ka ọ bụrụ Nwoke nke Egwuregwu.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/37459840|title=Hull City 0–2 Chelsea|date=1 October 2016|work=BBC Sport}}</ref> N'abalị iri na ise n'ọnwa Ọktoba n'afọ 2016, Moses gbara goolu nke abụọ ya n'egwuregwu ahụ megide Leicester City na mmeri n'ụlọ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/37594219|title=Chelsea 3–0 Leicester City|date=15 August 2016|work=BBC Sport}}</ref> N'abalị iri abụọ na isii n'ọnwa Nọvemba n'afọ 2016, Moses meriri Tottenham Hotspur na mmeri nke abụọ na otu ma kpọọ ya Nwoke nke Egwuregwu.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.skysports.com/football/chelsea-vs-tottenham/356457|title=Chelsea 2–1 Tottenham Hotspur: Blues maintain hold of top spot|publisher=Sky Sports|date=26 September 2016}}</ref> Moses gbara egwuregwu iri anọ na asọmpi niile maka Chelsea n'afọ 2016 na afọ iri na asaa, na-agba goolu anọ. Site na Chelsea na-emeri n'asọmpi Premier League, Moses ghọrọ onye egwuregwu Naijiria na-eme ọtụtụ egwuregwu Premier League maka otu mmeri.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://pulse.ng/sports/football/chelseas-victor-moses-is-a-premier-league-winner-id6670904.html|title=Chelsea"s Victor Moses is a Premier League winner|first=Steve|author=Dede|accessdate=29 May 2017|archivedate=6 June 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170606055919/http://www.pulse.ng/sports/football/chelseas-victor-moses-is-a-premier-league-winner-id6670904.html}}</ref> Moses kpatara nnukwu esemokwu n'oge 2017 FA Cup Final megide Arsenal nke Chelsea meriri 2<nowiki>[[1]]</nowiki>]. Ebe ọ bụ na edepụtara ya maka mmejọ Danny Welbeck na mbụ, e nyere ya ndebanye aha nke abụọ, nke mere ka ọ nweta kaadị uhie, mgbe ọ gbasịrị n'ebe a na-eme ntaramahụhụ. Ọ ghọrọ onye egwuregwu nke ise a chụpụrụ na ngwụcha FA Cup.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://dailypost.ng/2017/05/28/fa-cup-final-victor-moses-joins-four-players-hall-shame/|title=FA Cup final: Victor Moses joins four other players in hall of shame|date=28 May 2017|accessdate=29 May 2017}}</ref> E mere egwuregwu ahụ ụbọchị ise mgbe bọmbụ Manchester Arena nke mmadụ iri abụọ na atọ, ọtụtụ n'ime ha bụ ụmụaka, nwụrụ. Chelsea eyighị armbands ojii n'oge ọkara mbụ mana o mere n'oge nke abụọ. Mgbe ahụ, Moses, mgbe ọ na-apụ n'ámá egwuregwu wepụrụ nke ya ma tụba ya n'ala, na-akpata iwe na mgbasa ozi mmekọrịta, ọtụtụ na-ebo ya ebubo na ọ naghị egosi nkwanye ùgwù nye ndị nwụrụ anwụ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://uk.sports.yahoo.com/news/twitter-angrily-responds-victor-moses-115020620.html?guccounter=1&guce_referrer=aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuZ29vZ2xlLmNvbS8&guce_referrer_sig=AQAAAFkzgoqiYf1b96ikHRvED0jbJaYh0gkAunvi-T4zb5Lw88JmZCKHnAZmX8mLXodq3W4cCsZki2kYjDvLNv0WzdBvm9-vr5Trwu03Xt3J3uqiV1SzvSNWy-GvzengPT8y_ChYV8uu9Zhk_l55h_YTZs-Vp74DBww5ec5loyZ4oTsx|title=Twitter angrily responds to Victor Moses discarding his black armband following FA Cup dismissal|date=28 May 2017|accessdate=4 June 2020|archivedate=3 June 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200603235121/https://uk.sports.yahoo.com/news/twitter-angrily-responds-victor-moses-115020620.html?guccounter=1&guce_referrer=aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuZ29vZ2xlLmNvbS8&guce_referrer_sig=AQAAAFkzgoqiYf1b96ikHRvED0jbJaYh0gkAunvi-T4zb5Lw88JmZCKHnAZmX8mLXodq3W4cCsZki2kYjDvLNv0WzdBvm9-vr5Trwu03Xt3J3uqiV1SzvSNWy-GvzengPT8y_ChYV8uu9Zhk_l55h_YTZs-Vp74DBww5ec5loyZ4oTsx}}</ref> ==== Afọ 2017-18 ==== Moses gbara goolu mmeghe na N'afọ 2017 FA Community Shield, nke Chelsea meriri ndị na-asọmpi Arsenal na penalties.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Arsenal lift Community Shield|date=6 August 2017|accessdate=21 February 2018|work=thefa.com|publisher=The Football Association|url=http://www.thefa.com/news/2017/aug/04/fa-community-shield-arsenal-chelsea-report-060817}}</ref> ==== Afọ 2018-19: Ịkwụ ụgwọ na Fenerbahçe ==== Na Jenụwarị N'afọ 2019, Moses bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta mgbazinye ọnwa iri na asatọ na otu [[Turkéy|Turkey]], Fenerbahçe.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/46984393|title=Victor Moses: Chelsea winger completes Fenerbahce loan|date=25 January 2019|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=26 January 2019}}</ref> N'ụbọchị mbụ n'ọnwa Febụwarị n'afọ 2019, Moses gbara goolu mbụ ya na Fenerbahçe n'asọmpi ahụ n'asọmpị ahụ n'egwuregwu 2 na Göztepe.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.legit.ng/1219383-fenerbahce-2-0-goztepe-victor-moses-scores-turkish-league-goal.html|title=Fenerbahçe 2 - 0 Göztepe: Victor Moses scores first Turkish league goal|accessdate=1 February 2019}}</ref> ==== Afọ 2019: Ịgbazinye Inter Milan ==== Mgbe e belatara nkwekọrịta Fenerbahçe, Moses bịanyere aka na Inter Milan na nkwekọrịta mgbazinye ọnwa isii na nhọrọ ịzụta na 23 Jenụwarị N'afọ 2020.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.inter.it/en/news/2020/01/22/official-victor-moses-inter.html|title=Victor Moses signs for Inter|date=23 January 2020|work=inter.it|accessdate=23 January 2020}}</ref> Ọ bụ otu n'ime ndị egwuregwu atọ bụbu ndị Premier League sonyeere Inter Milan na windo Jenụwarị, n'akụkụ Ashley Young na Christian Eriksen.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://apnews.com/d933aad42c1ada14c478ea33db645bc3|title=Eriksen completes transfer to Inter from Tottenham|date=28 January 2020|work=apnews.com|accessdate=2020-02-02}}</ref> O mere klọb mbụ ya na 29 Jenụwarị, na-abịa dị ka onye nọchiri Antonio Candreva na ọkara nke abụọ na mmeri Fiorentina n'ụlọ na nkeji iri na ise nke Coppa Italia.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/51304229|title=Inter Milan 2–1 Fiorentina|publisher=BBC Sport|date=29 January 2020|accessdate=30 January 2020}}</ref> O mere egwuregwu mbụ ya ụbọchị ole na ole mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, na 2 Febụwarị, malite n'aka nri na mmeri 2 na Udinese.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.football-italia.net/149565/line-ups-udinese-v-inter|title=Line-ups: Udinese v Inter {{!}} Football Italia|work=football-italia.net|accessdate=2 February 2020}}</ref> ==== Oge nke afọ 2020: Ịkwụ ụgwọ na Spartak Moscow ==== N'abalị iri na ise n'ọnwa Ọktoba n'afọ 2020, Moses sonyeere otu egwuregwu Russian Premier League Spartak Moscow na mgbazinye oge na nhọrọ ịzụta.<ref>{{Cite web|publisher=[[FC Spartak Moscow]]|url=https://spartak.com/news/2020-10-15-viktor_mozes__igrok_spartaka/|title=Виктор Мозес — игрок "Спартака"!|date=15 October 2020|language=ru}}</ref> Ụbọchị abụọ ka e mesịrị n'ụbọchị iri na asaa n'ọnwa Ọktoba, o mere nke mbụ ya na klọb ahụ site na bench na mmeri 3 na 2 megide Khimki.<ref>{{Cite web|publisher=[[FC Spartak Moscow]]|url=https://spartak.com/news/2020-10-17-pobeda_v_khimkakh_goly_kokorina_ponse_i_larssona_debyuty_mozesa_i_oganesyana/|title=Победа в Химках! Голы Кокорина, Понсе и Ларссона, дебюты Мозеса и Оганесяна!|date=17 October 2020|language=ru}}</ref> N'abalị iri abụọ na anọ n'ọnwa Ọktoba, ọ pụtara nke mbụ ya dị ka onye mbido wee gbaa goolu mbụ ya maka Spartak na mmeri 3 na 1 megide Krasnodar.<ref>{{Cite web|publisher=[[FC Spartak Moscow]]|url=https://spartak.com/videos/23927541/|title=Сыграли в кайф в Краснодаре! За кадром яркой победы над "быками"|date=25 October 2020|language=ru}}</ref> N'abalị iri na isii n'ọnwa Mee n'afọ 2021, ọ gbara bọọlụ n'egwuregwu ikpeazụ nke 2020 Russian Premier League megide FC Akhmat Grozny iji guzobe akara ikpeazụ nke 2 . Isi ihe Spartak nwetara nwetara nwetara nwetara ọnọdụ nke abụọ na ntinye nke Champions League maka klọb ahụ.<ref>{{Cite web|publisher=[[Russian Premier League]]|url=https://eng.premierliga.ru/match/match_13873.html|title=Akhmat v Spartak game report|date=16 May 2021}}</ref> === Spartak Moscow === N'ụbọchị nke abụọ n'ọnwa Julaị n'afọ 2021, Chelsea kwupụtara na Moses emechaala ịkwaga Spartak Moscow, na-akwụsị mmekọrịta afọ itoolu ya na klọb ahụ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.chelseafc.com/en/news/2021/07/02/victor-moses-completes-russian-transfer|title=Victor Moses completes Russian transfer|publisher=Chelsea F.C.|date=2 July 2021|accessdate=2 July 2021}}</ref> Spartak mara ọkwa n'otu ụbọchị ahụ na ọ bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta afọ abụọ na klọb ahụ.<ref>{{Cite web|publisher=[[FC Spartak Moscow]]|url=https://spartak.com/news/2021-07-02-mozes_podpisal_kontrakt_so_spartakom_na_dva_goda/|title=Мозес подписал контракт со "Спартаком" на два года|date=2 July 2021|language=ru}}</ref> Na 10 Febụwarị 2022, Moses gbatịkwuru nkwekọrịta ya na Spartak ruo 2024. Moses meriri 2021-22 Russian Cup na klọb ya na 29 Mee na mmeri 2-1 Old Russian Derby meriri Dynamo Moscow. == Ọrụ mba ụwa == === England === ==== U16 na U17 ==== N'agbanyeghị na o si Kaduna, Naịjirịa, Moses họọrọ na mbụ ịnọchite anya ebe obibi ya nke England, na-egosi maka ndị otu na-erubeghị afọ iri na isii, ebe ọ meriri Victory Shield na N'afọ 2005, na ọkwa na-erughị afọ iri na asaa. Ya na ndị otu ahụ gara N'afọ 2007 UEFA European U-17 Championship na [[Belgium]], na-agba goolu ugboro atọ (gụnyere naanị goolu na mmeri ikpeazụ na France) iji nyere John Peacock aka na asọmpi ikpeazụ, ebe Spain meriri ha otu goolu, ọ bụ ezie na Moses jisiri ike mechaa dị ka onye kacha gbaa goolu na asọmpi ahụ ma nweta Golden Boot maka ime otú ahụ.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Victor Moses' Biography: From asylum seeker to African champion|url=https://www.modernghana.com/sports/507763/victor-moses-biography-from-asylum-seeker-to-african-champ.html|accessdate=2022-05-27|work=Modern Ghana|language=en}}</ref> N'otu oge okpomọkụ ahụ, ndị otu ahụ gara South Korea maka FIFA U-17 World Cup. Moses mechiri dị ka onye kacha gbaa bọọlụ nke Young Lions, na-agba bọọlụ ugboro atọ na egwuregwu Group B, mana o merụrụ ahụ na mmeri ya meriri Brazil nke mere ka ọ pụọ na asọmpi ahụ. Ndị otu Moses gara n'ihu ruo n'ọkwa nke anọ.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2015-11-01|title=Football Star Victor Moses Full Biography Life And News|url=https://www.takemetonaija.com/2015/11/football-star-victor-moses-full.html|accessdate=2022-05-27|work=TIN Magazine|language=en-GB}}</ref> ==== U19s ==== Mgbe asọmpi ahụ gasịrị, a kwalitere Moses ka ọ bụrụ onye na-erubeghị afọ iri na asatọ, ma na-agbaso ihe ọ na-eme maka ndị otu mbụ nke Crystal Palace, a kwaliri ya ka ọ bụrụ ndị na-erughị afọ iri na itoolu n'enweghị ihe zuru ezu maka U-18 iji nweta okpu n'ezie. Ọ gara na U-19s na 2008 UEFA European U-19 Championship na [[Chekia|Czech Republic]], na-egwu egwuregwu abụọ ma na-enweta otu enyemaka ka Young Lions na-enweghị ike ịpụta na Group B. Nkọwa na-etolite ka onye njikwa Stuart Pearce na-eleghara ya anya na Moses ga-alaghachi igwu egwu maka [[Nigeria national football team|Naịjirịa]] na 2010 FIFA World Cup.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Victor Moses' Biography: From asylum seeker to African champion|url=https://www.modernghana.com/sports/507763/victor-moses-biography-from-asylum-seeker-to-african-champ.html|accessdate=2022-05-27|work=Modern Ghana|language=en}}</ref> ==== U21s ==== A kwalitere Moses ka ọ bụrụ onye na-erubeghị afọ iri abụọ na otu na mbido oge N'afọ 2010 na iri na otu wee mee nke mbụ ya megide Uzbekistan na mmeri abụọ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://thefa.com/England/mens-under-21s/News/match-centre/2010/EnglandvUzbekistan/Teamsheets?p=ts&mid=102750|archiveurl=https://www.webarchive.org.uk/wayback/archive/20110402053009/http://www.thefa.com/England/mens-under-21s/News/match-centre/2010/EnglandvUzbekistan/Teamsheets?p=ts&mid=102750|archivedate=2 April 2011|title=Teamsheets|publisher=The Football Association|accessdate=1 October 2012}}</ref> === Naịjirịa === [[Usòrò:Iran_and_Nigeria_match_at_the_FIFA_World_Cup_2014-06-12_15.jpg|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|Moses na-egwuri egwu maka [[Nigeria national football team|Naịjirịa]] megide Iran na 2014 FIFA World Cup.]] A họpụtara Moses ka ọ gbaa bọọlụ maka [[Nigeria national football team|Naịjirịa]] megide Guatemala na Febụwarị N'afọ 2011, mana a kagburu egwuregwu enyi na enyi.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20180131023459/http://www.kickoff.com/news/19690/shola-ameobi-victor-moses-get-nigeria-call.php Ameobi, Moses get Nigeria call]. kickoff.com. 14 January 2011.</ref> Ọ nabatara oku na Machị 2011 maka egwuregwu Naịjirịa megide Ethiopia na Kenya.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/africa/9431866.stm|title=Victor Moses gets late Nigeria call|work=BBC Sport|date=24 March 2011|accessdate=7 December 2012}}</ref> Otú ọ dị, a chụpụrụ ya n'egwuregwu ndị ahụ n'ihi na enwetaghị akwụkwọ ya na FIFA iji gbanwee mba n'oge. A mara ọkwa na 1 Nọvemba N'afọ 2011 na FIFA ewepụla Moses na Shola Ameobi ka ha gwuo egwu maka Naịjirịa.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/15524642.stm|title=Fifa clears Shola Ameobi, Moses to play for Nigeria|date=1 November 2011|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=1 November 2011}}</ref> A kpọrọ Moses ka ọ bịa n'òtù ndị ikom iri abụọ na atọ nke Naịjirịa maka iko mba Afrịka nke afọ 2013, na-enweta ntaramahụhụ abụọ n'egwuregwu ikpeazụ ha na Etiopia, nke Naịjarịa chọrọ iji merie iji gafee. Maka nke abụọ, e nyere onye na-edebe goolu nke Etiopia bụ Sisay Bancha akwụkwọ nke abụọ ya na ihe omume ndị dugara na penalty ma chụpụ ya. Ethiopia ejirila ndị nnọchi anya atọ ahụ mee ihe n'ihi ya onye na-ejide ha n'etiti etiti gara n'ime goolu, wee hapụ penalty Moses. Egwuregwu ahụ gwụrụ n'afọ 2-0. Naịjirịa gara n'ihu merie asọmpi ahụ, nke atọ ha. Moses malitere na ngwụcha wee gbaa egwuregwu ahụ dum.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/20970786|title=Nations Cup 2013: Nigeria pick six locally-based players|author=Oluwashina Okeleji|date=10 January 2013|accessdate=10 January 2013|work=BBC Sport}}</ref> A họpụtara Moses maka ndị otu Naịjirịa maka N'afọ 2014 FIFA World Cup<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/teams/nigeria/10810433/Nigeria-World-Cup-2014-squad.html|archiveurl=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220112/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/teams/nigeria/10810433/Nigeria-World-Cup-2014-squad.html|archivedate=12 January 2022|title=Nigeria World Cup 2014 squad|first=Telegraph|author=Sport|date=2 June 2014}}</ref> wee malite na egwuregwu mmeghe ha na agba nke 16 megide France ka ha meriri 2 00.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/27969976|title=France 2-0 Nigeria|date=30 June 2014}}</ref> [[Usòrò:FWC_2018_-_Group_D_-_NGA_v_ISL_-_Photo_37.jpg|áká_èkpè|thumb|Moses na-agba ọsọ n'efu maka [[Nigeria national football team|Naịjirịa]] n'oge 2018 FIFA World Cup.]] Mgbe Gernot Rohr malitere dị ka onye isi nchịkwa Naịjirịa n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ N'afọ 2016, Moses gosipụtara mgbe niile na egwuregwu FIFA 2018.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.espnfc.com/nigeria/story/2984833/premier-league-duo-victor-moses-odion-ighalo-earn-nigeria-recalls|title=Premier League duo Victor Moses, Odion Ighalo earn Nigeria recalls|date=30 October 2016|publisher=ESPN FC|accessdate=12 November 2016}}</ref> Moses nyere Naịjirịa akara n'oge egwuregwu FIFA N'afọ 2018 megide Algeria na Nọvemba 2016, na-enyere ha aka inweta mmeri 3o1 .<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://metro.co.uk/2016/11/12/chelsea-duo-victor-moses-and-john-obi-mikel-seal-win-for-nigeria-6254332/|title=Chelsea duo Victor Moses and John Obi Mikel seal win for Nigeria|date=12 November 2016|work=Metro|accessdate=12 November 2016}}</ref> N'ọnwa Mee afọ 2018, a kpọrọ aha ya na [[Nigeria national football team|ndị otu]] mmadụ iri atọ nke Naijiria maka 2018 World Cup na Russia, ebe ọ nwetara ihe dị mkpa megide Argentina, ọ bụ ezie na, akụkụ ya meriri egwuregwu ahụ na nkeji ole na ole iji hụ Argentina site na Naijiria ka e wepụrụ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.goal.com/en-gb/news/revealed-every-world-cup-2018-squad-23-man-preliminary-lists/oa0atsduflsv1nsf6oqk576rb|title=Revealed: Every World Cup 2018 squad - 23-man & preliminary lists & when will they be announced? - Goal.com}}</ref> Mgbe asọmpi ahụ gasịrị, Moses mara ọkwa na 15 Ọgọstụ na ọ lara ezumike nká n'ịgba bọọlụ mba Naịjirịa.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/45200919|title=Victor Moses: Chelsea's Nigeria winger announces international retirement at 27|work=BBC Sport|date=15 August 2018|accessdate=15 August 2018}}</ref> == Ndụ onwe onye == Moses tolitere na-akwado Arsenal.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Victor Moses: Talentspotter|url=https://www.fourfourtwo.com/features/victor-moses-talentspotter|work=FourFourTwo|accessdate=16 June 2017|date=1 December 2009}}</ref> O nwere nwa nwoke, Brentley, (amụrụ n'afọ 2012) na nwa nwanyị, Nyah, (amuru n'afọ 2015).<ref>{{Cite web|title=Victor Moses dedicates brace to his son Brentley|url=http://www.goal.com/en-ng/news/4687/2015-afcon-qualification/2013/01/30/3713255/victor-moses-dedicates-brace-to-his-son-brentley|work=Goal.com|accessdate=16 November 2014}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Congratulations Mr and Mrs Moses|url=http://www.chelsea.vitalfootball.co.uk/article.asp?a=550384|work=Chelsea Vital|accessdate=9 February 2015|archivedate=25 February 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180225205954/http://www.chelsea.vitalfootball.co.uk/article.asp?a=550384}}</ref> == Ndekọ ọnụ ọgụgụ ọrụ == === Klọb === {{updated|<!--match played--> 6 August 2022}}<ref name=Sb>{{cite web |url=http://www.soccerbase.com/players/player.sd?player_id=47716 |title=Victor Moses: Football Stats |publisher=Soccerbase |access-date=2 April 2015 }}</ref><ref name=Soccerway>{{Soccerway|viktor-moses/25395}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+Ndekọ ọnụ ọgụgụ klọb ! rowspan="2" |Klọb ! rowspan="2" |Oge ! colspan="3" |Njikọ ! colspan="2" |Iko Mba ! colspan="2" |Iko Njikọ ! colspan="2" |Europe ! colspan="2" |Ndị ọzọ ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta |- !Nkewa !Ngwa !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ !Ngwa !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ !Ngwa !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ !Ngwa !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ !Ngwa !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ !Ngwa !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ |- | rowspan="4" |Crystal Palace |2007-08 |Mmeri |13 |3 |1 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |2 |0 |16 |3 |- |200809 |Mmeri |27 |2 |3 |0 |2 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |32 |2 |- |2009 na iri |Mmeri |18 |6 |1 |0 |2 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |21 |6 |- ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta !58 !11 !5 !0 !4 !0 ! colspan="2" |Ọdịdị !2 !0 !69 !11 |- | rowspan="5" |Wigan Athletic |2009 na iri<ref name="sb0910">{{Soccerbase season|47716|2009|access-date=7 December 2012}}</ref> |Njikọ Premier |14 |1 |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |14 |1 |- |2010-11 |Njikọ Premier |21 |1 |2 |0 |3 |1 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |26 |2 |- |2011-12 |Njikọ Premier |38 |6 |1 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |39 |6 |- |201213 |Njikọ Premier |1 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |1 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta !74 !8 !3 !0 !3 !1 ! colspan="2" |Ọdịdị ! colspan="2" |Ọdịdị !80 !9 |- | rowspan="6" |Chelsea |201213<ref name="sb1213">{{Soccerbase season|47716|2012|access-date=7 December 2012}}</ref> |Njikọ Premier |23 |1 |5 |2 |3 |2 |10 |5 |2 |0 |43 |10 |- |201516 |Njikọ Premier |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |1 |0 |1 |0 |- |201617 |Njikọ Premier |34 |3 |4 |0 |2 |1 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |40 |4 |- |2017 18 |Njikọ Premier |28 |3 |3 |0 |2 |0 |4 [nke dị ala-alpha 5] |0 |1 |1 |38 |4 |- |201819 |Njikọ Premier |2 |0 |0 |0 |1 |0 |2 |0 |1 |0 |6 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta !87 !7 !12 !2 !8 !3 !16 !5 !5 !1 !128 !18 |- |Liverpool (onye a gbazitere) |201314 |Njikọ Premier |19 |1 |2 |1 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |22 |2 |- |Stoke City (onye a gbazitere) |2014-15 |Njikọ Premier |19 |3 |2 |1 |2 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |23 |4 |- |West Ham United (ụgwọ) |201516<ref name="sb1516">{{Soccerbase season|47716|2015|access-date=4 May 2016}}</ref> |Njikọ Premier |21 |1 |4 |1 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |26 |2 |- | rowspan="3" |Fenerbahçe (onye a gbazitere) |201819<ref name="sb1819">{{Soccerbase season|47716|2018|access-date=11 August 2018}}</ref> |Süper Lig |14 |4 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |2 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |16 |4 |- |201920 |Süper Lig |6 |1 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |7 |1 |- ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta !20 !5 !1 !0 ! colspan="2" |Ọdịdị !2 !0 ! colspan="2" |Ọdịdị !23 !5 |- |Inter Milan (nke a gbazitere) |201920<ref name="sb1920" /> |Usoro A |12 |0 |3 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |5 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |20 |0 |- |Spartak Moscow (gbazinye ego) |2020 21 |Russian Premier League |19 |4 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |20 |4 |- | rowspan="3" |Spartak Moscow |2021 22 |Russian Premier League |25 |2 |2 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |7 |1 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |34 |3 |- |202223 |Russian Premier League |4 |2 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |4 |2 |- ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta !48 !8 !3 !0 ! colspan="2" |Ọdịdị !7 !1 ! colspan="2" |Ọdịdị !58 !9 |- ! colspan="3" |Ọrụ zuru ezu !359 !44 !35 !5 !19 !4 !30 !6 !7 !1 !449 !60 |} === Mba ụwa === {{updated|match played 26 June 2018}}<ref name="Moses, Victor">{{NFT player|id=46799|access-date=10 February 2013}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+Ndekọ mba ụwa !Ndị otu mba !Afọ !Ngwa !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ |- | rowspan="7" |[[Nigeria national football team|Naịjirịa]] |2012 |6 |2 |- |2013 |11 |4 |- |2014 |6 |1 |- |2015 |0 |0 |- |2016 |4 |2 |- |2017 |3 |1 |- |2018 |7 |2 |- ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta !37 !12 |} : ''Akara na nsonaazụ depụtara ihe mgbaru ọsọ Naịjirịa na mbụ''. {| class="wikitable" !Mba. !Ụbọchị !Ebe a na-anọ !Onye mmegide !Ihe ndị a tụrụ !Nsonaazụ !Ịsọ mpi |- |1 | rowspan="2" |13 Ọktoba 2012 | rowspan="2" |U. J. Esuene Stadium, [[Calabar]], Nigeria | rowspan="2" | Liberia |{{center|'''3'''–0}} | rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |6 na 1 | rowspan="2" |2013 Africa Cup of Nations iru eru |- |2 |{{center|'''6'''–1}} |- |3 | rowspan="2" |29 Jenụwarị 2013 | rowspan="2" |Royal Bafokeng Stadium, Rustenburg, South Africa | rowspan="2" | Ethiopia |{{center|'''1'''–0}} | rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |2 na 0 | rowspan="2" |2013 Africa Cup of Nations |- |4 |{{center|'''2'''–0}} |- |5 |7 Septemba 2013 |U.J. Esuene Stadium, Calabar, Nigeria | Malawi |{{center|'''2'''–0}} |{{center|2–0}} |2014 FIFA World Cup iru eru |- |6 |16 Nọvemba 2013 |U.J. Esuene Stadium, Calabar, Nigeria | Ethiopia |{{center|'''1'''–0}} |{{center|2–0}} |2014 FIFA World Cup iru eru |- |7 |7 June 2014 |EverBank Field, Jacksonville, United States | United States |{{center|'''1'''–2}} |{{center|1–2}} |Ndị nwere omume enyi |- |8 | rowspan="2" |12 Nọvemba 2016 | rowspan="2" |Godswill Akpabio International Stadium, [[Uyo]], Nigeria | rowspan="2" | Algeria |{{center|'''1'''–0}} | rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |31 Nke 1 | rowspan="3" |2018 FIFA World Cup iru eru |- |9 |{{center|'''3'''–1}} |- |10 |1 Septemba 2017 |Godswill Akpabio International Stadium, Uyo, Nigeria | Cameroon |{{center|'''3'''–0}} |{{center|4–0}} |- |11 |23 Machị 2018 |Stadion Miejski, Wrocław, Poland | Poland |{{center|'''1'''–0}} |{{center|1–0}} |Ndị nwere omume enyi |- |12 |26 June 2018 |Ogige Egwuregwu Krestovsky, St. Petersburg, Russia | Argentina |{{center|'''1'''–1}} |{{center|1–2}} |2018 FIFA World Cup |} == Nsọpụrụ == '''Chelsea''' * Premier League: 201617<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.premierleague.com/players/3983/Victor-Moses/overview|title=Victor Moses: Overview|publisher=Premier League|accessdate=17 April 2018}}</ref> * FA Cup: 2017 na-esote: 2016 na-eso<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/44091559|title=Chelsea 1–0 Manchester United|first=Phil|author=McNulty|work=BBC Sport|date=19 May 2018|accessdate=19 May 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/39984089|title=Arsenal 2–1 Chelsea|first=Phil|author=McNulty|work=BBC Sport|date=27 May 2017|accessdate=22 April 2019}}</ref> * UEFA Europa League: 2012 na 13, 2018<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/48368406|title=Chelsea 4–1 Arsenal|first=Chris|author=Bevan|work=BBC Sport|date=29 May 2019|accessdate=29 May 2019}}</ref> na<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/22445388|title=Benfica 1–2 Chelsea|first=Phil|author=McNulty|work=BBC Sport|date=15 May 2013}}</ref> '''Inter Milan''' * Onye nke abụọ na UEFA Europa League: 201920 '''Spartak Moscow''' * Iko mba Rọshịa: 2021<ref>{{Cite web|publisher=Russian Premier League|url=https://premierliga.ru/news/rfpl/news_28138.html|title="Спартак" обыграл "Динамо" и стал 4-кратным победителем Кубка России|date=29 May 2022|language=ru|accessdate=15 November 2022|archivedate=29 May 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220529165639/https://premierliga.ru/news/rfpl/news_28138.html}}</ref> '''Naịjirịa''' * Iko Mba Afrịka: 2013<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/21396138|title=Nigeria 1–0 Burkina Faso|first=Ian|author=Hughes|work=BBC Sport|date=10 February 2013|accessdate=17 April 2018}}</ref> '''Onye ọ bụla''' * PFA Fans' Premier League Player of the Month: November 2016<ref>{{Cite news|title=Chelsea's Victor Moses wins PFA Fans' Premier League Player of the Month|url=http://www.skysports.com/football/news/11661/10676716/cheleas-victor-moses-wins-pfa-fans-premier-league-player-of-the-month|publisher=Sky Sports|accessdate=4 December 2016}}</ref> == Ihe odide == == Njikọ mpụga == {{Commons category}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20181005210129/https://www.chelseafc.com/en/teams/first-team/victor-moses?pageTab=biography Profaịlụ] na ebe nrụọrụ weebụ Chelsea FC * Victor Moses at Soccerbase {{Navboxes|title=Nigeria squads|bg=#008751|fg=white|bordercolor=silver|list1={{Nigeria squad 2013 Africa Cup of Nations}} {{Nigeria squad 2014 FIFA World Cup}} {{Nigeria squad 2018 FIFA World Cup}}}}{{UEFA European Under-17 Football Championship awards}} ==Edensibia== {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] m34tqhi4ydabu2apm0nrv7fj8cx56qd 644404 644403 2026-05-30T23:06:29Z Sayvhior 13464 /* Klọb */ fixed reference errors 644404 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}   '''Victor Moses''' (amụrụ na 12 Disemba N'afọ 1990) bụ onye Naijiria na-agba bọọlụ nke na-agba egwu dị ka [[Footbọl|onye]] na-agba ọsọ n'akụkụ ọ bụla maka klọb Russia Spartak Moscow . A na-ejikwa ya dịka onye na-agba ọsọ n'azụ mgbe ụfọdụ n'oge ọrụ ya. Moses malitere ọrụ ya na Asọmpi na Crystal Palace, tupu arụmọrụ ya adọta anya Wigan Athletic, ebe o mere Njikọ Njikọ mbụ ya na N'afọ 2010. Mgbe afọ abụọ gasịrị, egwuregwu ya emeela ka ọ dịkwuo mma ruo n'ókè nke ndị mmeri Europe bụ Chelsea nwere mmasị, ọ bịanyere aka na ha n'oge ọkọchị nke afọ 2012. N'agbanyeghị goolu iri na asọmpi niile n'oge oge mbụ ya, ọ nọrọ oge nke abụọ ya na Liverpool, nke atọ ya na Stoke City na nke anọ ya na West Ham United. A kpọghachiri Moses na Chelsea maka oge 201617 ebe ọ pụtara 34 ka Chelsea meriri Njikọ Njikọ. Mgbe ọ na-enweghị mmasị n'oge mkpọsa ọzọ, Moses nọrọ na Fenerbahçe, Inter Milan na Spartak Moscow n'oge ndị na-esonụ. A mụrụ ya na [[Nigeria national football team|Naịjirịa]], Moses nọchitere anya ndị otu ndị ntorobịa England n'okpuru afọ 16, n'okpuru 17, n'okpuru 19 na n'okpuru 21, mana ọ họọrọ igwu egwu maka Naịjirịa ma ọ bụghị ịbụ onye zuru oke maka England. O mere nke mbụ ya maka ndị otu Naijiria n'afọ 2012 wee nweta 38 caps ma gbaa bọọlụ ugboro 12 tupu ọ laa ezumike nká na egwuregwu mba ụwa n'afọ 2018. Ọ gbara na mkpọsa mmeri nke Naijiria na N'afọ 2013 Africa Cup of Nations, yana mkpọsa na 2014 FIFA World Cup na 2018 FIFA World Cup. == Ọrụ klọb == === Mbido ndụ na ọrụ === A mụrụ Moses na [[Lagos]], nwa nke onye ụkọchukwu Ndị Kraịst. Mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na otu, e gburu nne na nna ya na ọgba aghara okpukpe na [[Kaduna]] mgbe ndị na-eme ọgba aghụghọ wakporo ụlọ ha. Moses na-egwu bọọlụ n'okporo ámá n'oge ahụ. Otu izu mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, mgbe ndị enyi ya zoro ya, ndị ikwu ya kwụrụ ya ụgwọ ka ọ gaa UK iji rịọ maka mgbaba. E debere ya na ezinụlọ nkuchi na South [[London]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2012/sep/14/victor-moses-interview-chelsea|title=Victor Moses: they should be proud of me, looking down being proud|author=Hytner|first=David|date=14 September 2012|work=The Guardian|language=en|accessdate=26 June 2018}}</ref><ref name="MosesAsylum">{{Cite news|author=Kelso|first=Paul|date=20 May 2005|url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2005/may/20/football.immigration|title=14-year-old asylum seeker becomes school's football hero|work=The Guardian|accessdate=23 July 2008}}</ref><ref name="Independent1">{{Cite news|title=FA Cup: Orphaned Victor Moses feels very much at home with Chelsea|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/fa-league-cups/fa-cup-orphaned-victor-moses-feels-very-much-at-home-with-chelsea-8527874.html|work=The Independent|accessdate=11 November 2014}}</ref> Ọ gara Stanley Technical High School (nke a maara ugbu a dị ka Harris Academy) na South Norwood. N'ịbụ onye Scout na-egwu bọọlụ na Tandridge Njikọ maka Cosmos 90 FC, Crystal Palace bịakwutere ya, na ámá egwuregwu Selhurst Park nke klọb ahụ dị n'okporo ámá dị anya site n'ụlọ akwụkwọ ya.<ref name="Independent1" /> N'ịbụ onye e nyere ọnọdụ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ Ugo, Palace tụụrụ ya aro ka ọ gaa ụlọ akwụkwọ Whitgift na-akwụ ụgwọ na Croydon, ebe onye bụbu onye Arsenal na Chelsea bụ Colin Pates na-azụ ndị otu egwuregwu bọọlụ ụlọ akwụkwọ.<ref name="Independent1"/> Moses malitere ịpụta na 14 mgbe ọ gbasịrị goolu 50 maka ndị nọ n'okpuru afọ 14 nke Palace. N'ịgba bọọlụ afọ atọ na Whitgift na Palace, Moses gbara ihe karịrị 100 goolu yana inyere Whitgift aka imeri ọtụtụ iko ụlọ akwụkwọ, gụnyere iko mba ebe Moses gbara goolu ise niile na nke ikpeazụ megide Ụlọ akwụkwọ na-agwọ ọrịa Grimsby na Ama egwuregwu Walkers, Leicester.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Looking back at when Liverpool and Chelsea ace Victor Moses stunned Healing's dream team|url=http://www.grimsbytelegraph.co.uk/Looking-Liverpool-Chelsea-ace-Victor-Moses/story-20471306-detail/story.html|work=Grimsby Telegraph|accessdate=11 November 2014}}</ref> === Crystal Palace === Moses mere egwuregwu mbụ ya maka Palace mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na isii na 6 Nọvemba N'afọ 2007 na 1 China na Cardiff City na Asọmpi.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Cardiff 1–1 Crystal Palace|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_div_1/7076416.stm|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=11 November 2014}}</ref> Ọ nọgidere n'ọnọdụ ya n'akụkụ mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị wee gbaa goolu mbụ ya dị elu na 12 Machị N'afọ 2008 na 1 - 1 ise na West Bromwich Albion.<ref>{{Cite news|title=West Brom 1–1 Crystal Palace|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_div_1/7287966.stm|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=11 November 2014}}</ref> N'ozuzu, Moses gbara bọọlụ ugboro iri na isii n'afọ 2007 ka Palace ruru asọmpi asọmpi Asọmpi ebe ha meriri Bristol City.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Bristol City v C Palace as it happened|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_div_1/7399418.stm|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=11 November 2014}}</ref> Na ngwụcha oge ahụ, ọ bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta ọhụrụ na Selhurst Park, nke mere ka onye njikwa Neil Warnock nwee obi ụtọ, onye kwuru, "Ntinye aka Victor bụ nnukwu ihe maka klọb ahụ; agwa m Victor na ọ nwere ike ịga elu dịka ọ chọrọ. Ọ na-akawanye mma kwa ụbọchị ma enwere m obi ụtọ na ọ bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta a n'ihi na ọ bụ onye ọkpụkpọ ga-esi n'ike gaa n'ike.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Moses signs four-year Palace deal|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/teams/c/crystal_palace/7529661.stm|work=BBC Sport|date=28 July 2008|accessdate=11 November 2014}}</ref> Moses gbara ugboro abụọ n'ime egwuregwu 32 n'afọ 2008 n'ihi na Palace nwere mkpọsa na-akụda mmụọ, na-agwụ na ọnọdụ nke iri na ise. N'afọ 2009, Moses gbara goolu isii n'egwuregwu asatọ mana Palace nwere nnukwu nsogbu ego ma klọb ahụ batara n'ọchịchị na Jenụwarị N'afọ 2010.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Crystal Palace deducted 10 points|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/teams/c/crystal_palace/8484824.stm|work=BBC Sport|date=28 January 2010|accessdate=11 November 2014}}</ref> === Wigan Athletic === N'ụbọchị ikpeazụ nke Jenụwarị N'afọ 2010, ọ rụzuru £ 2.5 nde na Wigan Athletic nke Njikọ Njikọ mgbe Palace banyere na nchịkwa.<ref>{{Cite news|date=31 January 2010|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/leagues/championship/crystalpalace/7121319/Victor-Moses-joins-Wigan-Athletic-as-Crystal-Palace-fire-sale-begins.html|title=Victor Moses joins Wigan Athletic as Crystal Palace fire sale begins|work=The Daily Telegraph|accessdate=31 January 2010|first=Jonathan|author=Liew}}</ref> O mere nke mbụ ya na 6 Febụwarị N'afọ 2010 dị ka onye na-anọchi Sunderland na 1 China draw.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/eng_prem/8493730.stm|title=Sunderland 1–1 Wigan|date=6 February 2010|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=1 March 2010}}</ref> Na 20 Machị N'afọ 2010, Moses bịara dị ka onye nọchiri Burnley wee nweta enyemaka mbụ ya maka klọb ahụ, na-eguzobe Hugo Rodallega maka onye mmeri oge mmerụ ahụ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.wiganlatics.co.uk/page/NewsDetail/0,,10429~2001372,00.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100612181312/http://www.wiganlatics.co.uk/page/NewsDetail/0,,10429~2001372,00.html|archivedate=12 June 2010|title=Victor-ious|publisher=Wigan Athletic F.C.|date=22 March 2010|accessdate=12 October 2013}}</ref> Ọ gbara goolu mbụ ya maka Wigan na 3 Mee N'afọ 2010 megide Hull City.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_prem/8649742.stm|title=Wigan 2–2 Hull|work=BBC Sport|date=3 May 2010|accessdate=3 May 2010}}</ref> Moses merụrụ ahụ ugboro abụọ na mbido oge 2010 na 1911, ọ na-esikwa ya ike ịlaghachi n'ime otu mbụ n'ihi mmụba asọmpi maka ebe.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.clicklancashire.com/my-click/my-real-life/127932-wigan-athletic-winger-victor-moses-wants-tottenham-hotspur-shot.html|title=Wigan Athletic winger Victor Moses wants Tottenham Hotspur shot|work=Click Lancashire|date=26 August 2010|accessdate=1 October 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120310202954/http://www.clicklancashire.com/my-click/my-real-life/127932-wigan-athletic-winger-victor-moses-wants-tottenham-hotspur-shot.html|archivedate=10 March 2012}}</ref> Ọ gbara goolu mbụ ya n'egwuregwu ahụ n'ụbọchị iri na atọ n'ọnwa Nọvemba n'afọ 2010 na mmeri ya na West Bromwich Albion.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/premier-league/moses-and-nzogbia-lead-wigan-out-of-wilderness-2133596.html|title=Moses and N'Zogbia lead Wigan out of wilderness|date=14 November 2010|accessdate=16 November 2010|work=The Independent|first=Darren|author=Witcoop}}</ref> Mgbe ọpụpụ nke onye na-agba ọsọ Charles N'Zogbia gasịrị, Moses ghọrọ onye mbido Wigan na oge N'afọ 2011 na 12. N'abalị iri n'ọnwa Disemba n'afọ 2011, ọ gbara goolu mbụ ya n'oge ahụ megide West Brom bụ goolu mbụ ọ gbara kemgbe ọ gbara otu otu otu egwuregwu ahụ n'oge gara aga. === Chelsea === ==== Afọ 2012 na 13 ==== [[Usòrò:Victor_Moses_Fabio_Santos_2012_FIFA_Club_World_Cup.jpg|thumb|Moses na Fábio Santos nke Corinthians na 2012 FIFA Club World Cup Final]] N'abalị iri abụọ na atọ n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ n'afọ 2012, Wigan nabatara arịrịọ nke ise site n'aka Chelsea mgbe ha mechara zute ọnụahịa Wigan na-arịọ arịrịọ mgbe arịrịọ anọ na-enweghị isi. E nyere onye ọkpụkpọ ahụ ikike ịgwa Chelsea okwu.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.wiganlatics.co.uk/news/article/12-08-23-club-statement-victor-moses-331637.aspx|title=Club confirm Victor Moses bid accepted|publisher=Wigan Athletic F.C|date=23 August 2012|accessdate=23 August 2012}}</ref> N'abalị iri abụọ na anọ n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ, Chelsea kwupụtara na ebufeela Moses.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.chelseafc.com/news-article/article/2899473|title=Moses Transfer Completed|publisher=Chelsea F.C|date=24 August 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131028165252/http://www.chelseafc.com/news-article/article/2899473|archivedate=28 October 2013}}</ref> Moses gbara egwuregwu mbụ ya maka Chelsea mgbe ọ pụtara dị ka onye na-anọchi anya ndị na-asọmpi West London Ogige QueensRangers na 15 Septemba.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www1.skysports.com/football/live/match/261597/report|title=Anton refuses to shake on it|work=Sky Sports|date=15 September 2012|accessdate=22 July 2013}}</ref> Moses mere nke mbụ ya zuru oke maka Chelsea mgbe ọ malitere egwuregwu Iko Njikọ megide Wolverhampton Wanderers wee gbaa goolu mbụ ya mgbe nkeji iri asaa na otu gachara n'egwuregwu nke mechara na Blues.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/19632463|title=Chelsea 6–0 Wolves|work=BBC Sport|date=25 September 2012|accessdate=29 August 2013}}</ref> Moses malitere egwuregwu mbụ ya na Nordsjælland. N'abalị iri atọ na otu n'ọnwa Ọktoba, a kpọrọ Moses Man of the Match megide Manchester United na Iko Njikọ, egwuregwu Chelsea meriri 5o4.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.adifferentleague.co.uk/p6_0_17387_chelsea-focus-revenge-is-sweet-in-man-utd-win.html|title=Chelsea Focus&nbsp;– Revenge is sweet in Man Utd win|date=2 November 2012|accessdate=2 November 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121104075335/http://www.adifferentleague.co.uk/p6_0_17387_chelsea-focus-revenge-is-sweet-in-man-utd-win.html|archivedate=4 November 2012}}</ref> N'abalị atọ n'ọnwa Nọvemba n'afọ 2012, Moses gbara goolu mbụ ya na Njikọ Njikọ maka Chelsea n'egwuregwu ya na Swansea City, nke gwụrụ na 1 01.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://espnfc.com/us/en/report/345755/report.html?soccernet=true&cc=5901|title=Swansea 1–1 Chelsea|publisher=ESPN FC|date=3 November 2012|accessdate=3 November 2012}}</ref> Ụbọchị anọ ka e mesịrị, ọ gbara goolu mbụ ya na Njikọ Njikọ maka Chelsea megide Shakhtar Donetsk; Moses nọchiri Oscar na nkeji nke 79 wee gaa n'ihu na nkuku Juan Mata na sekọnd fọdụrụ iji nweta mmeri 3 South2.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/20150427|title=Chelsea 3–2 Shakhtar Donetsk|date=7 November 2012|accessdate=7 November 2012|work=BBC Sport}}</ref> N'ụbọchị nke ise n'ọnwa Jenụwarị n'afọ 2013, Moses meghere akara ya n'afọ ahụ site n'ịgba ọsọ dị ike n'akụkụ ala mgbe ọ na-egwu na agba nke atọ nke Iko FA megide Southampton, dịka Chelsea si n'azụ wee merie ndị Saints n'azụ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/20863303|title=Demba Ba scored twice on his Chelsea debut as the FA Cup holders came from behind against Southampton to ease into the fourth round at St Mary's Stadium.|work=BBC Sport|date=5 January 2013|accessdate=22 July 2013}}</ref> Moses gbara goolu mbụ ya na Europa League maka Chelsea na mmeri 3 na 1 n'ụlọ megide Rubin Kazan, wee gbaa nke abụọ ya na egwuregwu ọzọ otu izu ka e mesịrị.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/21963641|title=Fernando Torres scored twice to help Chelsea take a huge stride towards the Europa League's last four.|work=BBC Sport|date=4 April 2013|accessdate=22 July 2013}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/22023533|title=Chelsea sealed their place in the Europa League semi-finals despite a careless second-leg defeat against Rubin Kazan in Russia.|work=BBC Sport|date=11 April 2013|accessdate=22 July 2013}}</ref> Ọ gara n'ihu n'ụdị ya dị mma na asọmpi ahụ site n'ịgba goolu mbụ nke otu ya na mmeri 1 South na Basel na 25 Eprel.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.uefa.com/uefaeuropaleague/season=2013/matches/round=2000360/match=2010092/postmatch/report/index.html|title=Last-gasp Luiz strike leaves Chelsea in charge|publisher=UEFA|date=25 April 2013|accessdate=22 July 2013}}</ref> Ọ gbakwara bọọlụ n'egwuregwu ọzọ megide Basel mgbe Blues meriri 3o1 n'ụlọ wee nweta òkè ha na Europa League Final, egwuregwu nke Moses na-egosighị mana Blues meriri 2o1 megide Benfica na Amsterdam na 15 Mee.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/teams/chelsea/10033915/Chelsea-3–FC-Basle-1-agg-5–2-match-report.html|title=Chelsea 3 FC Basle 1; agg 5–2: match report|work=The Daily Telegraph|date=2 May 2013|accessdate=22 July 2013}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.uefa.com/uefaeuropaleague/season=2013/matches/round=2000361/match=2010095/postmatch/report/index.html|title=Ivanović heads Chelsea to Europa League glory|publisher=UEFA|date=15 May 2013|accessdate=22 July 2013}}</ref> ==== Afọ 2013 na 14: Ịgbazinye Liverpool ==== Na 2 Septemba N'afọ 2013, Moses bịanyere aka na Liverpool na nkwekọrịta mgbazinye ego ogologo oge.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.liverpoolfc.com/news/media-watch/sky-sports-moses-deal-completed|title=Moses deal completed|publisher=Liverpool FC|date=2 September 2013|accessdate=2 September 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130905103418/http://www.liverpoolfc.com/news/media-watch/sky-sports-moses-deal-completed|archivedate=5 September 2013}}</ref> Ọ gbara bọọlụ na nke mbụ ya na 16 Septemba megide Swansea City na 2 na-aga n'ihu.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/24012560|title=Swansea 2 Liverpool 2|date=16 September 2013|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=27 May 2018}}</ref> N'abalị iri abụọ na ise n'ọnwa Jenụwarị n'afọ 2014, ọ gbara goolu mbụ nke mmeri 2 na AFC Bournemouth na agba nke anọ nke iko FA.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Bournemouth 0 – 2 Liverpool|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/25789339|accessdate=7 February 2014|work=BBC Sport|date=25 January 2014}}</ref> N'ihi ụdị Raheem Sterling n'oge oge N'afọ 2013 na 14, Moses chọtara ohere siri ike ịbịa n'okpuru Brendan Rodgers, na-egwu egwuregwu 22 nke naanị itoolu n'ime ha malitere.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Chelsea fury as Liverpool sideline striker Victor Moses|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/teams/chelsea/10554657/Chelsea-fury-as-Liverpool-sideline-striker-Victor-Moses.html|work=The Daily Telegraph|accessdate=16 November 2014}}</ref> ==== Afọ 2014 na afọ 15: Ịgbazinye Stoke City ==== N'abalị iri na isii n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ n'afọ 2014, Moses sonyeere Stoke City na mgbazinye maka oge N'afọ 2014 na afọ 15.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Moses moves to Stoke|url=http://www.chelseafc.com/news/latest-news/2014/08/moses-moves-to-stoke.html|work=Chelsea F.C|accessdate=16 August 2014}}</ref> O mere egwuregwu Njikọ Njikọ mbụ ya maka Stoke City na 30 Ọgọstụ na mmeri 1 na Manchester City.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Man City 0–1 Stoke|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/28907276|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=16 September 2014}}</ref> Na mmeri Stoke meriri Newcastle United na 29 Septemba, Moses nyere aka maka otu goolu Peter Crouch gbara ma họpụta ya Nwoke nke egwuregwu maka arụmọrụ ya.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Stoke 1–0 Newcastle|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/29305924|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=6 October 2014}}</ref> N'abalị iri na itoolu n'ọnwa Ọktoba, na mmeri ha meriri Swansea City, Moses meriri ntaramahụhụ mgbe ọ gbadatara n'okpuru ihe ịma aka nke Àngel Rangel; mgbe egwuregwu ahụ gasịrị, onye njikwa Swansea Garry Monk kwuru na Moses dara.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Stoke 2–1 Swansea|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/29586592|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=14 November 2014}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Swansea boss Garry Monk criticises 'cheat' Victor Moses|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/29682896|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=14 November 2014}}</ref> Onye na-ahụ maka ''egwuregwu nke ụbọchị'' nke abụọ bụ John Hartson kwukwara na Moses ghọgburu, mana o mechara rịọ Moses mgbaghara maka okwu ya.<ref>{{Cite web|title=John Hartson apologises to Stoke's Victor Moses over 'cheat' claims|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/29770009|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=14 November 2014}}</ref> Moses gbara goolu mbụ ya maka Stoke na 1 Nọvemba na 2 na West Ham United.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Stoke 2–2 West Ham|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/29768017|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=14 November 2014}}</ref> O merụrụ ahụ n'apata ụkwụ megide Burnley na 22 Nọvemba nke mere ka ọ ghara ịga izu asatọ.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Victor Moses: Stoke City striker faces eight weeks out|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/30210377|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=29 November 2014}}</ref> N'abalị iri na asaa n'ọnwa Jenụwarị n'afọ 2015, Moses laghachiri na mbido megide Leicester City, nke mechiri na mmeri Stoke.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Leicester City vs Stoke City|url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2015/01/17/england/premier-league/leicester-city-fc/stoke-city-fc/1703921/|work=Soccerway|date=17 January 2015}}</ref> N'abalị iri abụọ na otu n'ọnwa Febụwarị, Moses gbara penalty na nkeji iri itoolu iji nweta Stoke mmeri iri abụọ na iri na otu na ndị na-asọmpi Midlands Aston Villa na Villa Park.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Aston Villa 1–2 Stoke|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/31466727|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=14 April 2015}}</ref> O nwetakwara goolu na mmeri 2 na Everton na 4 Machị.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Stoke 2–0 Everton|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/31616988|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=14 April 2015}}</ref> Site na André Schürrle na Mohamed Salah na-apụ na-adịgide adịgide na ịgbazinye ego, n'otu n'otu, a mara ọkwa na onye njikwa Chelsea bụ José Mourinho gbalịrị icheta Moses site na Stoke n'etiti oge, naanị maka onye na-agba ọsọ ịjụ ịlaghachi azụ.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Victor Moses rejected return to Chelsea|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/teams/chelsea/11486800/Victor-Moses-rejected-return-to-Chelsea.html|work=The Daily Telegraph|accessdate=20 March 2015}}</ref> Moses merụrụ ahụ n'ọkpụkpụ ụkwụ mgbe ọ na-egwuri egwu megide West Ham na 11 Eprel, nke mere ka ọ ghara ịga n'ihu n'oge fọdụrụnụ.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Victor Moses returns to Stamford Bridge with injury|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/teams/chelsea/11535854/Chelsea-news-Victor-Moses-returns-to-Stamford-Bridge-with-injury.html|archiveurl=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220112/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/teams/chelsea/11535854/Chelsea-news-Victor-Moses-returns-to-Stamford-Bridge-with-injury.html|archivedate=12 January 2022|work=The Daily Telegraph|accessdate=14 April 2015}}</ref> ==== Afọ 2015 na afọ 16: Ịgbazinye West Ham United ==== [[Usòrò:West_Ham_United_Vs_Manchester_City_(24366292089).jpg|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|Moses na bọọlụ n'oge ọ na-agbazinye na West Ham United, na-egwuri egwu megide Manchester City na 2016]] Mgbe oge gara nke ọma na Stoke, Moses laghachiri na Blues wee pụta na egwuregwu anọ niile tupu oge ezumike ma gbaa otu ugboro, megide Paris Saint-Germain F.C. Moses mere asọmpi mbụ ya kemgbe ọ laghachiri n'ụbọchị nke abụọ n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ 2015 megide Arsenal maka Ọta obodo mgbe ọ nọchiri John Terry na nkeji nke iri asatọ na abụọ.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Paris Saint-Germain 1–1 Chelsea|url=http://www.sportsmole.co.uk/football/chelsea/live-commentary/live-commentary-psg-vs-chelsea_235428.html|date=25 July 2015}}</ref> Egwuregwu ahụ gwụrụ na Chelsea meriri 1 0 .<ref>{{Cite web|title=FA Community Shield: Arsenal vs Chelsea|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/live/football/33500342|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=20 August 2015}}</ref> A gụnyekwara Moses na bench n'oge egwuregwu mbụ nke oge ahụ megide Swansea City, ọ bụ ezie na ọ pụtaghị ka Chelsea dọtara 2 Xia2.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2015/08/08/england/premier-league/chelsea-football-club/swansea-city-afc/2043051/|title=Chelsea vs. Swansea City 2 – 2 (8/8/15)|date=8 August 2015|publisher=Soccerway}}</ref> N'ụbọchị mbụ n'ọnwa Septemba n'afọ 2015, Moses sonyeere West Ham United na mgbazinye oge.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Moses signs on loan|url=http://www.whufc.com/News/Articles/2015/September/1-September/Moses-signs-on-loan|publisher=West Ham United|date=1 September 2015}}</ref> Tupu ọ banye West Ham United na mgbazinye ego, Moses bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta afọ anọ ọhụrụ, nke ga-eme ka ọ nọrọ na Chelsea ruo 2019.<ref>{{Cite news|title=New Deal for Moses|url=https://www.chelseafc.com/news/latest-news/2015/08/new-deal-for-moses.html|publisher=Chelsea FC|date=1 September 2015}}</ref> Moses mere West Ham mbụ ya na 14 Septemba na mmeri 2 na Newcastle United, ebe a kpọrọ ya Nwoke nke Egwuregwu.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/34171138|title=West Ham 2–0 Newcastle United|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=15 September 2015}}</ref> N'egwuregwu nke abụọ ya, na 19 Septemba megide Manchester City, Moses gbara naanị goolu West Ham ya, na mmeri 1 02.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/34191909|title=Manchester City 1–2 West Ham|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=20 September 2015}}</ref> N'ụbọchị nke ise n'ọnwa Disemba, n'oge egwuregwu ahụ megide Manchester United, Moses nwere mmerụ ahụ n'ọkpụkpụ ụkwụ nke mere ka ọ ghara ịga ruo n'ọnwarị.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.espnfc.us/west-ham-united/story/2744994/west-ham-forward-victor-moses-to-undergo-scan-on-hamstring|title=West Ham's Victor Moses to undergo scan on hamstring injury|publisher=ESPN|date=7 December 2015}}</ref> N'ọnwa Eprel, a kpughere na nkwekọrịta mgbazinye ego nwekwara nhọrọ iji mee ka ọ gaa na njedebe nke oge, mana West Ham kpebiri ịjụ nhọrọ ahụ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.skysports.com/football/news/11685/10230070/west-ham-to-let-alex-song-victor-moses-and-emmanuel-emenike-leave-8211-sky-sources|title=West Ham to let Alex Song, Victor Moses and Emmanuel Emenike leave – Sky sources|date=4 April 2016|publisher=SkySports}}</ref> ==== Oge 201617 ==== [[Usòrò:Leicester_0_Chelsea_3_(31510599933).jpg|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|Moses (''n'etiti'') na onye otu mba ''Wilfred Ndidi'' (n'aka nri) na-egwuri egwu maka Chelsea megide ndị mmeri Leicester City, 2017]] Mgbe o masịrị onye njikwa ọhụrụ Antonio Conte n'oge mmalite oge, a gụnyere Moses na ndị otu mbụ. N'abalị iri na ise n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ n'afọ 2016, Moses gbara bọọlụ mbụ ya na Chelsea n'ime afọ atọ, na-apụta n'oche maka Eden Hazard megide West Ham United na mmeri 2.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/37006707|title=Chelsea 2–1 West Ham: Costa's late strike earns Conte's first Premier League win|date=15 August 2016|work=BBC Sport}}</ref> N'abalị iri abụọ na atọ n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ, Moses bidoro nke mbụ ya wee gbaa goolu mbụ ya kemgbe ọ laghachiri, na agba nke abụọ nke iko EFL megide Bristol Rovers na mmeri 3[[2.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Chelsea 3–2 Bristol Rovers|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/37091061|work=BBC Sport|date=23 August 2016|accessdate=23 August 2016}}</ref> Mgbe e merisịrị ya n'azụ azụ, Conte gbanwere n'ime usoro 3<nowiki>[[4]]</nowiki> na Moses na-egwuri egwu dị ka onye na-agbachitere n'akụkụ aka nri na egwuregwu na-esonụ megide Hull City. Ọrụ ya dị ka onye na-agbachitere Chelsea nyeere aka inwe mmeri 2 na-emekwa ka ọ bụrụ Nwoke nke Egwuregwu.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/37459840|title=Hull City 0–2 Chelsea|date=1 October 2016|work=BBC Sport}}</ref> N'abalị iri na ise n'ọnwa Ọktoba n'afọ 2016, Moses gbara goolu nke abụọ ya n'egwuregwu ahụ megide Leicester City na mmeri n'ụlọ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/37594219|title=Chelsea 3–0 Leicester City|date=15 August 2016|work=BBC Sport}}</ref> N'abalị iri abụọ na isii n'ọnwa Nọvemba n'afọ 2016, Moses meriri Tottenham Hotspur na mmeri nke abụọ na otu ma kpọọ ya Nwoke nke Egwuregwu.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.skysports.com/football/chelsea-vs-tottenham/356457|title=Chelsea 2–1 Tottenham Hotspur: Blues maintain hold of top spot|publisher=Sky Sports|date=26 September 2016}}</ref> Moses gbara egwuregwu iri anọ na asọmpi niile maka Chelsea n'afọ 2016 na afọ iri na asaa, na-agba goolu anọ. Site na Chelsea na-emeri n'asọmpi Premier League, Moses ghọrọ onye egwuregwu Naijiria na-eme ọtụtụ egwuregwu Premier League maka otu mmeri.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://pulse.ng/sports/football/chelseas-victor-moses-is-a-premier-league-winner-id6670904.html|title=Chelsea"s Victor Moses is a Premier League winner|first=Steve|author=Dede|accessdate=29 May 2017|archivedate=6 June 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170606055919/http://www.pulse.ng/sports/football/chelseas-victor-moses-is-a-premier-league-winner-id6670904.html}}</ref> Moses kpatara nnukwu esemokwu n'oge 2017 FA Cup Final megide Arsenal nke Chelsea meriri 2<nowiki>[[1]]</nowiki>]. Ebe ọ bụ na edepụtara ya maka mmejọ Danny Welbeck na mbụ, e nyere ya ndebanye aha nke abụọ, nke mere ka ọ nweta kaadị uhie, mgbe ọ gbasịrị n'ebe a na-eme ntaramahụhụ. Ọ ghọrọ onye egwuregwu nke ise a chụpụrụ na ngwụcha FA Cup.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://dailypost.ng/2017/05/28/fa-cup-final-victor-moses-joins-four-players-hall-shame/|title=FA Cup final: Victor Moses joins four other players in hall of shame|date=28 May 2017|accessdate=29 May 2017}}</ref> E mere egwuregwu ahụ ụbọchị ise mgbe bọmbụ Manchester Arena nke mmadụ iri abụọ na atọ, ọtụtụ n'ime ha bụ ụmụaka, nwụrụ. Chelsea eyighị armbands ojii n'oge ọkara mbụ mana o mere n'oge nke abụọ. Mgbe ahụ, Moses, mgbe ọ na-apụ n'ámá egwuregwu wepụrụ nke ya ma tụba ya n'ala, na-akpata iwe na mgbasa ozi mmekọrịta, ọtụtụ na-ebo ya ebubo na ọ naghị egosi nkwanye ùgwù nye ndị nwụrụ anwụ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://uk.sports.yahoo.com/news/twitter-angrily-responds-victor-moses-115020620.html?guccounter=1&guce_referrer=aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuZ29vZ2xlLmNvbS8&guce_referrer_sig=AQAAAFkzgoqiYf1b96ikHRvED0jbJaYh0gkAunvi-T4zb5Lw88JmZCKHnAZmX8mLXodq3W4cCsZki2kYjDvLNv0WzdBvm9-vr5Trwu03Xt3J3uqiV1SzvSNWy-GvzengPT8y_ChYV8uu9Zhk_l55h_YTZs-Vp74DBww5ec5loyZ4oTsx|title=Twitter angrily responds to Victor Moses discarding his black armband following FA Cup dismissal|date=28 May 2017|accessdate=4 June 2020|archivedate=3 June 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200603235121/https://uk.sports.yahoo.com/news/twitter-angrily-responds-victor-moses-115020620.html?guccounter=1&guce_referrer=aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuZ29vZ2xlLmNvbS8&guce_referrer_sig=AQAAAFkzgoqiYf1b96ikHRvED0jbJaYh0gkAunvi-T4zb5Lw88JmZCKHnAZmX8mLXodq3W4cCsZki2kYjDvLNv0WzdBvm9-vr5Trwu03Xt3J3uqiV1SzvSNWy-GvzengPT8y_ChYV8uu9Zhk_l55h_YTZs-Vp74DBww5ec5loyZ4oTsx}}</ref> ==== Afọ 2017-18 ==== Moses gbara goolu mmeghe na N'afọ 2017 FA Community Shield, nke Chelsea meriri ndị na-asọmpi Arsenal na penalties.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Arsenal lift Community Shield|date=6 August 2017|accessdate=21 February 2018|work=thefa.com|publisher=The Football Association|url=http://www.thefa.com/news/2017/aug/04/fa-community-shield-arsenal-chelsea-report-060817}}</ref> ==== Afọ 2018-19: Ịkwụ ụgwọ na Fenerbahçe ==== Na Jenụwarị N'afọ 2019, Moses bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta mgbazinye ọnwa iri na asatọ na otu [[Turkéy|Turkey]], Fenerbahçe.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/46984393|title=Victor Moses: Chelsea winger completes Fenerbahce loan|date=25 January 2019|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=26 January 2019}}</ref> N'ụbọchị mbụ n'ọnwa Febụwarị n'afọ 2019, Moses gbara goolu mbụ ya na Fenerbahçe n'asọmpi ahụ n'asọmpị ahụ n'egwuregwu 2 na Göztepe.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.legit.ng/1219383-fenerbahce-2-0-goztepe-victor-moses-scores-turkish-league-goal.html|title=Fenerbahçe 2 - 0 Göztepe: Victor Moses scores first Turkish league goal|accessdate=1 February 2019}}</ref> ==== Afọ 2019: Ịgbazinye Inter Milan ==== Mgbe e belatara nkwekọrịta Fenerbahçe, Moses bịanyere aka na Inter Milan na nkwekọrịta mgbazinye ọnwa isii na nhọrọ ịzụta na 23 Jenụwarị N'afọ 2020.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.inter.it/en/news/2020/01/22/official-victor-moses-inter.html|title=Victor Moses signs for Inter|date=23 January 2020|work=inter.it|accessdate=23 January 2020}}</ref> Ọ bụ otu n'ime ndị egwuregwu atọ bụbu ndị Premier League sonyeere Inter Milan na windo Jenụwarị, n'akụkụ Ashley Young na Christian Eriksen.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://apnews.com/d933aad42c1ada14c478ea33db645bc3|title=Eriksen completes transfer to Inter from Tottenham|date=28 January 2020|work=apnews.com|accessdate=2020-02-02}}</ref> O mere klọb mbụ ya na 29 Jenụwarị, na-abịa dị ka onye nọchiri Antonio Candreva na ọkara nke abụọ na mmeri Fiorentina n'ụlọ na nkeji iri na ise nke Coppa Italia.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/51304229|title=Inter Milan 2–1 Fiorentina|publisher=BBC Sport|date=29 January 2020|accessdate=30 January 2020}}</ref> O mere egwuregwu mbụ ya ụbọchị ole na ole mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, na 2 Febụwarị, malite n'aka nri na mmeri 2 na Udinese.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.football-italia.net/149565/line-ups-udinese-v-inter|title=Line-ups: Udinese v Inter {{!}} Football Italia|work=football-italia.net|accessdate=2 February 2020}}</ref> ==== Oge nke afọ 2020: Ịkwụ ụgwọ na Spartak Moscow ==== N'abalị iri na ise n'ọnwa Ọktoba n'afọ 2020, Moses sonyeere otu egwuregwu Russian Premier League Spartak Moscow na mgbazinye oge na nhọrọ ịzụta.<ref>{{Cite web|publisher=[[FC Spartak Moscow]]|url=https://spartak.com/news/2020-10-15-viktor_mozes__igrok_spartaka/|title=Виктор Мозес — игрок "Спартака"!|date=15 October 2020|language=ru}}</ref> Ụbọchị abụọ ka e mesịrị n'ụbọchị iri na asaa n'ọnwa Ọktoba, o mere nke mbụ ya na klọb ahụ site na bench na mmeri 3 na 2 megide Khimki.<ref>{{Cite web|publisher=[[FC Spartak Moscow]]|url=https://spartak.com/news/2020-10-17-pobeda_v_khimkakh_goly_kokorina_ponse_i_larssona_debyuty_mozesa_i_oganesyana/|title=Победа в Химках! Голы Кокорина, Понсе и Ларссона, дебюты Мозеса и Оганесяна!|date=17 October 2020|language=ru}}</ref> N'abalị iri abụọ na anọ n'ọnwa Ọktoba, ọ pụtara nke mbụ ya dị ka onye mbido wee gbaa goolu mbụ ya maka Spartak na mmeri 3 na 1 megide Krasnodar.<ref>{{Cite web|publisher=[[FC Spartak Moscow]]|url=https://spartak.com/videos/23927541/|title=Сыграли в кайф в Краснодаре! За кадром яркой победы над "быками"|date=25 October 2020|language=ru}}</ref> N'abalị iri na isii n'ọnwa Mee n'afọ 2021, ọ gbara bọọlụ n'egwuregwu ikpeazụ nke 2020 Russian Premier League megide FC Akhmat Grozny iji guzobe akara ikpeazụ nke 2 . Isi ihe Spartak nwetara nwetara nwetara nwetara ọnọdụ nke abụọ na ntinye nke Champions League maka klọb ahụ.<ref>{{Cite web|publisher=[[Russian Premier League]]|url=https://eng.premierliga.ru/match/match_13873.html|title=Akhmat v Spartak game report|date=16 May 2021}}</ref> === Spartak Moscow === N'ụbọchị nke abụọ n'ọnwa Julaị n'afọ 2021, Chelsea kwupụtara na Moses emechaala ịkwaga Spartak Moscow, na-akwụsị mmekọrịta afọ itoolu ya na klọb ahụ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.chelseafc.com/en/news/2021/07/02/victor-moses-completes-russian-transfer|title=Victor Moses completes Russian transfer|publisher=Chelsea F.C.|date=2 July 2021|accessdate=2 July 2021}}</ref> Spartak mara ọkwa n'otu ụbọchị ahụ na ọ bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta afọ abụọ na klọb ahụ.<ref>{{Cite web|publisher=[[FC Spartak Moscow]]|url=https://spartak.com/news/2021-07-02-mozes_podpisal_kontrakt_so_spartakom_na_dva_goda/|title=Мозес подписал контракт со "Спартаком" на два года|date=2 July 2021|language=ru}}</ref> Na 10 Febụwarị 2022, Moses gbatịkwuru nkwekọrịta ya na Spartak ruo 2024. Moses meriri 2021-22 Russian Cup na klọb ya na 29 Mee na mmeri 2-1 Old Russian Derby meriri Dynamo Moscow. == Ọrụ mba ụwa == === England === ==== U16 na U17 ==== N'agbanyeghị na o si Kaduna, Naịjirịa, Moses họọrọ na mbụ ịnọchite anya ebe obibi ya nke England, na-egosi maka ndị otu na-erubeghị afọ iri na isii, ebe ọ meriri Victory Shield na N'afọ 2005, na ọkwa na-erughị afọ iri na asaa. Ya na ndị otu ahụ gara N'afọ 2007 UEFA European U-17 Championship na [[Belgium]], na-agba goolu ugboro atọ (gụnyere naanị goolu na mmeri ikpeazụ na France) iji nyere John Peacock aka na asọmpi ikpeazụ, ebe Spain meriri ha otu goolu, ọ bụ ezie na Moses jisiri ike mechaa dị ka onye kacha gbaa goolu na asọmpi ahụ ma nweta Golden Boot maka ime otú ahụ.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Victor Moses' Biography: From asylum seeker to African champion|url=https://www.modernghana.com/sports/507763/victor-moses-biography-from-asylum-seeker-to-african-champ.html|accessdate=2022-05-27|work=Modern Ghana|language=en}}</ref> N'otu oge okpomọkụ ahụ, ndị otu ahụ gara South Korea maka FIFA U-17 World Cup. Moses mechiri dị ka onye kacha gbaa bọọlụ nke Young Lions, na-agba bọọlụ ugboro atọ na egwuregwu Group B, mana o merụrụ ahụ na mmeri ya meriri Brazil nke mere ka ọ pụọ na asọmpi ahụ. Ndị otu Moses gara n'ihu ruo n'ọkwa nke anọ.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2015-11-01|title=Football Star Victor Moses Full Biography Life And News|url=https://www.takemetonaija.com/2015/11/football-star-victor-moses-full.html|accessdate=2022-05-27|work=TIN Magazine|language=en-GB}}</ref> ==== U19s ==== Mgbe asọmpi ahụ gasịrị, a kwalitere Moses ka ọ bụrụ onye na-erubeghị afọ iri na asatọ, ma na-agbaso ihe ọ na-eme maka ndị otu mbụ nke Crystal Palace, a kwaliri ya ka ọ bụrụ ndị na-erughị afọ iri na itoolu n'enweghị ihe zuru ezu maka U-18 iji nweta okpu n'ezie. Ọ gara na U-19s na 2008 UEFA European U-19 Championship na [[Chekia|Czech Republic]], na-egwu egwuregwu abụọ ma na-enweta otu enyemaka ka Young Lions na-enweghị ike ịpụta na Group B. Nkọwa na-etolite ka onye njikwa Stuart Pearce na-eleghara ya anya na Moses ga-alaghachi igwu egwu maka [[Nigeria national football team|Naịjirịa]] na 2010 FIFA World Cup.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Victor Moses' Biography: From asylum seeker to African champion|url=https://www.modernghana.com/sports/507763/victor-moses-biography-from-asylum-seeker-to-african-champ.html|accessdate=2022-05-27|work=Modern Ghana|language=en}}</ref> ==== U21s ==== A kwalitere Moses ka ọ bụrụ onye na-erubeghị afọ iri abụọ na otu na mbido oge N'afọ 2010 na iri na otu wee mee nke mbụ ya megide Uzbekistan na mmeri abụọ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://thefa.com/England/mens-under-21s/News/match-centre/2010/EnglandvUzbekistan/Teamsheets?p=ts&mid=102750|archiveurl=https://www.webarchive.org.uk/wayback/archive/20110402053009/http://www.thefa.com/England/mens-under-21s/News/match-centre/2010/EnglandvUzbekistan/Teamsheets?p=ts&mid=102750|archivedate=2 April 2011|title=Teamsheets|publisher=The Football Association|accessdate=1 October 2012}}</ref> === Naịjirịa === [[Usòrò:Iran_and_Nigeria_match_at_the_FIFA_World_Cup_2014-06-12_15.jpg|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|Moses na-egwuri egwu maka [[Nigeria national football team|Naịjirịa]] megide Iran na 2014 FIFA World Cup.]] A họpụtara Moses ka ọ gbaa bọọlụ maka [[Nigeria national football team|Naịjirịa]] megide Guatemala na Febụwarị N'afọ 2011, mana a kagburu egwuregwu enyi na enyi.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20180131023459/http://www.kickoff.com/news/19690/shola-ameobi-victor-moses-get-nigeria-call.php Ameobi, Moses get Nigeria call]. kickoff.com. 14 January 2011.</ref> Ọ nabatara oku na Machị 2011 maka egwuregwu Naịjirịa megide Ethiopia na Kenya.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/africa/9431866.stm|title=Victor Moses gets late Nigeria call|work=BBC Sport|date=24 March 2011|accessdate=7 December 2012}}</ref> Otú ọ dị, a chụpụrụ ya n'egwuregwu ndị ahụ n'ihi na enwetaghị akwụkwọ ya na FIFA iji gbanwee mba n'oge. A mara ọkwa na 1 Nọvemba N'afọ 2011 na FIFA ewepụla Moses na Shola Ameobi ka ha gwuo egwu maka Naịjirịa.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/15524642.stm|title=Fifa clears Shola Ameobi, Moses to play for Nigeria|date=1 November 2011|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=1 November 2011}}</ref> A kpọrọ Moses ka ọ bịa n'òtù ndị ikom iri abụọ na atọ nke Naịjirịa maka iko mba Afrịka nke afọ 2013, na-enweta ntaramahụhụ abụọ n'egwuregwu ikpeazụ ha na Etiopia, nke Naịjarịa chọrọ iji merie iji gafee. Maka nke abụọ, e nyere onye na-edebe goolu nke Etiopia bụ Sisay Bancha akwụkwọ nke abụọ ya na ihe omume ndị dugara na penalty ma chụpụ ya. Ethiopia ejirila ndị nnọchi anya atọ ahụ mee ihe n'ihi ya onye na-ejide ha n'etiti etiti gara n'ime goolu, wee hapụ penalty Moses. Egwuregwu ahụ gwụrụ n'afọ 2-0. Naịjirịa gara n'ihu merie asọmpi ahụ, nke atọ ha. Moses malitere na ngwụcha wee gbaa egwuregwu ahụ dum.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/20970786|title=Nations Cup 2013: Nigeria pick six locally-based players|author=Oluwashina Okeleji|date=10 January 2013|accessdate=10 January 2013|work=BBC Sport}}</ref> A họpụtara Moses maka ndị otu Naịjirịa maka N'afọ 2014 FIFA World Cup<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/teams/nigeria/10810433/Nigeria-World-Cup-2014-squad.html|archiveurl=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220112/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/teams/nigeria/10810433/Nigeria-World-Cup-2014-squad.html|archivedate=12 January 2022|title=Nigeria World Cup 2014 squad|first=Telegraph|author=Sport|date=2 June 2014}}</ref> wee malite na egwuregwu mmeghe ha na agba nke 16 megide France ka ha meriri 2 00.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/27969976|title=France 2-0 Nigeria|date=30 June 2014}}</ref> [[Usòrò:FWC_2018_-_Group_D_-_NGA_v_ISL_-_Photo_37.jpg|áká_èkpè|thumb|Moses na-agba ọsọ n'efu maka [[Nigeria national football team|Naịjirịa]] n'oge 2018 FIFA World Cup.]] Mgbe Gernot Rohr malitere dị ka onye isi nchịkwa Naịjirịa n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ N'afọ 2016, Moses gosipụtara mgbe niile na egwuregwu FIFA 2018.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.espnfc.com/nigeria/story/2984833/premier-league-duo-victor-moses-odion-ighalo-earn-nigeria-recalls|title=Premier League duo Victor Moses, Odion Ighalo earn Nigeria recalls|date=30 October 2016|publisher=ESPN FC|accessdate=12 November 2016}}</ref> Moses nyere Naịjirịa akara n'oge egwuregwu FIFA N'afọ 2018 megide Algeria na Nọvemba 2016, na-enyere ha aka inweta mmeri 3o1 .<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://metro.co.uk/2016/11/12/chelsea-duo-victor-moses-and-john-obi-mikel-seal-win-for-nigeria-6254332/|title=Chelsea duo Victor Moses and John Obi Mikel seal win for Nigeria|date=12 November 2016|work=Metro|accessdate=12 November 2016}}</ref> N'ọnwa Mee afọ 2018, a kpọrọ aha ya na [[Nigeria national football team|ndị otu]] mmadụ iri atọ nke Naijiria maka 2018 World Cup na Russia, ebe ọ nwetara ihe dị mkpa megide Argentina, ọ bụ ezie na, akụkụ ya meriri egwuregwu ahụ na nkeji ole na ole iji hụ Argentina site na Naijiria ka e wepụrụ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.goal.com/en-gb/news/revealed-every-world-cup-2018-squad-23-man-preliminary-lists/oa0atsduflsv1nsf6oqk576rb|title=Revealed: Every World Cup 2018 squad - 23-man & preliminary lists & when will they be announced? - Goal.com}}</ref> Mgbe asọmpi ahụ gasịrị, Moses mara ọkwa na 15 Ọgọstụ na ọ lara ezumike nká n'ịgba bọọlụ mba Naịjirịa.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/45200919|title=Victor Moses: Chelsea's Nigeria winger announces international retirement at 27|work=BBC Sport|date=15 August 2018|accessdate=15 August 2018}}</ref> == Ndụ onwe onye == Moses tolitere na-akwado Arsenal.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Victor Moses: Talentspotter|url=https://www.fourfourtwo.com/features/victor-moses-talentspotter|work=FourFourTwo|accessdate=16 June 2017|date=1 December 2009}}</ref> O nwere nwa nwoke, Brentley, (amụrụ n'afọ 2012) na nwa nwanyị, Nyah, (amuru n'afọ 2015).<ref>{{Cite web|title=Victor Moses dedicates brace to his son Brentley|url=http://www.goal.com/en-ng/news/4687/2015-afcon-qualification/2013/01/30/3713255/victor-moses-dedicates-brace-to-his-son-brentley|work=Goal.com|accessdate=16 November 2014}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Congratulations Mr and Mrs Moses|url=http://www.chelsea.vitalfootball.co.uk/article.asp?a=550384|work=Chelsea Vital|accessdate=9 February 2015|archivedate=25 February 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180225205954/http://www.chelsea.vitalfootball.co.uk/article.asp?a=550384}}</ref> == Ndekọ ọnụ ọgụgụ ọrụ == === Klọb === {{updated|<!--match played--> 6 August 2022}}<ref name=Sb>{{cite web |url=http://www.soccerbase.com/players/player.sd?player_id=47716 |title=Victor Moses: Football Stats |publisher=Soccerbase |access-date=2 April 2015 }}</ref><ref name=Soccerway>{{Soccerway|viktor-moses/25395}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+Ndekọ ọnụ ọgụgụ klọb ! rowspan="2" |Klọb ! rowspan="2" |Oge ! colspan="3" |Njikọ ! colspan="2" |Iko Mba ! colspan="2" |Iko Njikọ ! colspan="2" |Europe ! colspan="2" |Ndị ọzọ ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta |- !Nkewa !Ngwa !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ !Ngwa !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ !Ngwa !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ !Ngwa !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ !Ngwa !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ !Ngwa !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ |- | rowspan="4" |Crystal Palace |2007-08 |Mmeri |13 |3 |1 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |2 |0 |16 |3 |- |200809 |Mmeri |27 |2 |3 |0 |2 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |32 |2 |- |2009 na iri |Mmeri |18 |6 |1 |0 |2 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |21 |6 |- ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta !58 !11 !5 !0 !4 !0 ! colspan="2" |Ọdịdị !2 !0 !69 !11 |- | rowspan="5" |Wigan Athletic |2009 na iri<ref name="sb0910">{{Soccerbase season|47716|2009|access-date=7 December 2012}}</ref> |Njikọ Premier |14 |1 |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |14 |1 |- |2010-11 |Njikọ Premier |21 |1 |2 |0 |3 |1 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |26 |2 |- |2011-12 |Njikọ Premier |38 |6 |1 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |39 |6 |- |201213 |Njikọ Premier |1 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |1 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta !74 !8 !3 !0 !3 !1 ! colspan="2" |Ọdịdị ! colspan="2" |Ọdịdị !80 !9 |- | rowspan="6" |Chelsea |201213<ref name="sb1213">{{Soccerbase season|47716|2012|access-date=7 December 2012}}</ref> |Njikọ Premier |23 |1 |5 |2 |3 |2 |10 |5 |2 |0 |43 |10 |- |201516 |Njikọ Premier |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |1 |0 |1 |0 |- |201617 |Njikọ Premier |34 |3 |4 |0 |2 |1 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |40 |4 |- |2017 18 |Njikọ Premier |28 |3 |3 |0 |2 |0 |4 [nke dị ala-alpha 5] |0 |1 |1 |38 |4 |- |201819 |Njikọ Premier |2 |0 |0 |0 |1 |0 |2 |0 |1 |0 |6 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta !87 !7 !12 !2 !8 !3 !16 !5 !5 !1 !128 !18 |- |Liverpool (onye a gbazitere) |201314 |Njikọ Premier |19 |1 |2 |1 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |22 |2 |- |Stoke City (onye a gbazitere) |2014-15 |Njikọ Premier |19 |3 |2 |1 |2 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |23 |4 |- |West Ham United (ụgwọ) |201516<ref name="sb1516">{{Soccerbase season|47716|2015|access-date=4 May 2016}}</ref> |Njikọ Premier |21 |1 |4 |1 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |26 |2 |- | rowspan="3" |Fenerbahçe (onye a gbazitere) |201819<ref name="sb1819">{{Soccerbase season|47716|2018|access-date=11 August 2018}}</ref> |Süper Lig |14 |4 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |2 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |16 |4 |- |201920 |Süper Lig |6 |1 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |7 |1 |- ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta !20 !5 !1 !0 ! colspan="2" |Ọdịdị !2 !0 ! colspan="2" |Ọdịdị !23 !5 |- |Inter Milan (nke a gbazitere) |201920<ref name="sb1920">{{Soccerbase season|47716|2019|access-date=15 August 2019}}</ref> |Usoro A |12 |0 |3 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |5 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |20 |0 |- |Spartak Moscow (gbazinye ego) |2020 21 |Russian Premier League |19 |4 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |20 |4 |- | rowspan="3" |Spartak Moscow |2021 22 |Russian Premier League |25 |2 |2 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |7 |1 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |34 |3 |- |202223 |Russian Premier League |4 |2 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |4 |2 |- ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta !48 !8 !3 !0 ! colspan="2" |Ọdịdị !7 !1 ! colspan="2" |Ọdịdị !58 !9 |- ! colspan="3" |Ọrụ zuru ezu !359 !44 !35 !5 !19 !4 !30 !6 !7 !1 !449 !60 |} === Mba ụwa === {{updated|match played 26 June 2018}}<ref name="Moses, Victor">{{NFT player|id=46799|access-date=10 February 2013}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+Ndekọ mba ụwa !Ndị otu mba !Afọ !Ngwa !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ |- | rowspan="7" |[[Nigeria national football team|Naịjirịa]] |2012 |6 |2 |- |2013 |11 |4 |- |2014 |6 |1 |- |2015 |0 |0 |- |2016 |4 |2 |- |2017 |3 |1 |- |2018 |7 |2 |- ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta !37 !12 |} : ''Akara na nsonaazụ depụtara ihe mgbaru ọsọ Naịjirịa na mbụ''. {| class="wikitable" !Mba. !Ụbọchị !Ebe a na-anọ !Onye mmegide !Ihe ndị a tụrụ !Nsonaazụ !Ịsọ mpi |- |1 | rowspan="2" |13 Ọktoba 2012 | rowspan="2" |U. J. Esuene Stadium, [[Calabar]], Nigeria | rowspan="2" | Liberia |{{center|'''3'''–0}} | rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |6 na 1 | rowspan="2" |2013 Africa Cup of Nations iru eru |- |2 |{{center|'''6'''–1}} |- |3 | rowspan="2" |29 Jenụwarị 2013 | rowspan="2" |Royal Bafokeng Stadium, Rustenburg, South Africa | rowspan="2" | Ethiopia |{{center|'''1'''–0}} | rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |2 na 0 | rowspan="2" |2013 Africa Cup of Nations |- |4 |{{center|'''2'''–0}} |- |5 |7 Septemba 2013 |U.J. Esuene Stadium, Calabar, Nigeria | Malawi |{{center|'''2'''–0}} |{{center|2–0}} |2014 FIFA World Cup iru eru |- |6 |16 Nọvemba 2013 |U.J. Esuene Stadium, Calabar, Nigeria | Ethiopia |{{center|'''1'''–0}} |{{center|2–0}} |2014 FIFA World Cup iru eru |- |7 |7 June 2014 |EverBank Field, Jacksonville, United States | United States |{{center|'''1'''–2}} |{{center|1–2}} |Ndị nwere omume enyi |- |8 | rowspan="2" |12 Nọvemba 2016 | rowspan="2" |Godswill Akpabio International Stadium, [[Uyo]], Nigeria | rowspan="2" | Algeria |{{center|'''1'''–0}} | rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |31 Nke 1 | rowspan="3" |2018 FIFA World Cup iru eru |- |9 |{{center|'''3'''–1}} |- |10 |1 Septemba 2017 |Godswill Akpabio International Stadium, Uyo, Nigeria | Cameroon |{{center|'''3'''–0}} |{{center|4–0}} |- |11 |23 Machị 2018 |Stadion Miejski, Wrocław, Poland | Poland |{{center|'''1'''–0}} |{{center|1–0}} |Ndị nwere omume enyi |- |12 |26 June 2018 |Ogige Egwuregwu Krestovsky, St. Petersburg, Russia | Argentina |{{center|'''1'''–1}} |{{center|1–2}} |2018 FIFA World Cup |} == Nsọpụrụ == '''Chelsea''' * Premier League: 201617<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.premierleague.com/players/3983/Victor-Moses/overview|title=Victor Moses: Overview|publisher=Premier League|accessdate=17 April 2018}}</ref> * FA Cup: 2017 na-esote: 2016 na-eso<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/44091559|title=Chelsea 1–0 Manchester United|first=Phil|author=McNulty|work=BBC Sport|date=19 May 2018|accessdate=19 May 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/39984089|title=Arsenal 2–1 Chelsea|first=Phil|author=McNulty|work=BBC Sport|date=27 May 2017|accessdate=22 April 2019}}</ref> * UEFA Europa League: 2012 na 13, 2018<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/48368406|title=Chelsea 4–1 Arsenal|first=Chris|author=Bevan|work=BBC Sport|date=29 May 2019|accessdate=29 May 2019}}</ref> na<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/22445388|title=Benfica 1–2 Chelsea|first=Phil|author=McNulty|work=BBC Sport|date=15 May 2013}}</ref> '''Inter Milan''' * Onye nke abụọ na UEFA Europa League: 201920 '''Spartak Moscow''' * Iko mba Rọshịa: 2021<ref>{{Cite web|publisher=Russian Premier League|url=https://premierliga.ru/news/rfpl/news_28138.html|title="Спартак" обыграл "Динамо" и стал 4-кратным победителем Кубка России|date=29 May 2022|language=ru|accessdate=15 November 2022|archivedate=29 May 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220529165639/https://premierliga.ru/news/rfpl/news_28138.html}}</ref> '''Naịjirịa''' * Iko Mba Afrịka: 2013<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/21396138|title=Nigeria 1–0 Burkina Faso|first=Ian|author=Hughes|work=BBC Sport|date=10 February 2013|accessdate=17 April 2018}}</ref> '''Onye ọ bụla''' * PFA Fans' Premier League Player of the Month: November 2016<ref>{{Cite news|title=Chelsea's Victor Moses wins PFA Fans' Premier League Player of the Month|url=http://www.skysports.com/football/news/11661/10676716/cheleas-victor-moses-wins-pfa-fans-premier-league-player-of-the-month|publisher=Sky Sports|accessdate=4 December 2016}}</ref> == Ihe odide == == Njikọ mpụga == {{Commons category}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20181005210129/https://www.chelseafc.com/en/teams/first-team/victor-moses?pageTab=biography Profaịlụ] na ebe nrụọrụ weebụ Chelsea FC * Victor Moses at Soccerbase {{Navboxes|title=Nigeria squads|bg=#008751|fg=white|bordercolor=silver|list1={{Nigeria squad 2013 Africa Cup of Nations}} {{Nigeria squad 2014 FIFA World Cup}} {{Nigeria squad 2018 FIFA World Cup}}}}{{UEFA European Under-17 Football Championship awards}} ==Edensibia== {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] ouife2ybe6rdo0q47xnjhlvlwd00v8q 0 24251 644144 140685 2026-05-30T17:40:24Z Chigozirim2005 19722 Fixed reference error 644144 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}[[Usòrò:Shaun Cummings 2012.jpg|thumb|Shaun Cummings 2012.jpg]]   Onye gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Ụlọ akwụkwọ agụmakwụkwọ na Chelsea, ọ nọrọ oge na mgbazinye na Milton Keynes Dons na West Bromwich Albion, tupu e ree ya na Reading na Septemba 2009. Ọ nọrọ afọ isii na klọb ahụ, na-enyere ha aka inweta aha Asọmpi na oge 201112 ma gosipụta na egwuregwu itoolu nke Premier League na mkpọsa na-esonụ. E rere ya na Millwall na Jenụwarị 2015 ma ọ bụ ezie na ọ dị naanị egwuregwu 55 n'ime oge abụọ na ọkara, o gosipụtara n'ụzọ pụtara ìhè na 2016 Iko FA nke hụrụ Millwall wepụrụ ndị otu atọ kachasị elu. Ọ nọrọ na Rotherham United n'afọ 2017 na ọnwa abụọ n'afọ 2018 na Doncaster Rovers. == Ọrụ klọb == A mụrụ ya na Hammersmith, London, Cummings sonyeere ụlọ akwụkwọ Chelsea dị ka onye dị afọ iri na abụọ n'afọ 2002 ma bụrụkwa onye na-eme ihe ngosi nke Blues na ọkwa ndị otu na 2007-08, na-egwu egwuregwu iri na asatọ ma gbaa otu ugboro.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Shaun Cummings|url=http://www.mkdons.premiumtv.co.uk/page/ProfilesDetail/0,,10420~44022,00.html|publisher=Milton Keynes Dons F.C|accessdate=2 September 2009|archivedate=17 September 2008|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080917013732/http://www.mkdons.premiumtv.co.uk/page/ProfilesDetail/0,,10420~44022,00.html}}</ref> N'ọnwa Ọgọstụ afọ 2008, ọ sonyeere otu egwuregwu Njikọ otu Milton Keynes Dons na mgbazinye ọnwa mbụ.<ref>{{Cite news|title=MK Dons seal Cummings loan deal|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/teams/m/milton_keynes_dons/7541286.stm|publisher=BBC Sport|date=4 August 2008|accessdate=3 January 2010}}</ref> O mere nke mbụ ya maka Dons na 16 Ọgọstụ, na mmeri 1 na Northampton Obodo na Stadium MK.<ref>{{Cite news|title=MK Dons 1–0 Northampton|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/eng_div_2/7551207.stm|publisher=BBC Sport|date=16 August 2008|accessdate=16 August 2008}}</ref> E mechara gbatịkwuo ego ahụ ruo na ngwụcha oge 2008 na 1909.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Di Matteo agrees Dons extension|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/teams/m/milton_keynes_dons/7804639.stm|publisher=BBC Sport|date=30 December 2008|accessdate=3 January 2010}}</ref> N'abalị iri abụọ na asatọ n'ọnwa Ọktoba, a chụpụrụ ya maka mmejọ Sean Thornton nke Leyton Orient.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Leyton Orient 1-2 MK Dons|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_div_2/7684092.stm|accessdate=7 July 2019|work=BBC Sport|date=28 October 2008}}</ref> Ọ gara n'ihu na-apụta na egwuregwu 35 Njikọ na iko maka Dons. Ọ sonyeere ndị otu Asọmpi West Bromwich Albion na mgbazinye otu ọnwa na 17 Ọgọstụ 2009, ya na onye njikwa "Baggies" ugbu a na onye njirimara Dons mbụ Roberto Di Matteo chọrọ mkpuchi maka onye merụrụ ahụ n'aka nri Gianni Zuiverloon.<ref name="Albion snap up Chelsea youngster">{{Cite news|title=Albion snap up Chelsea youngster|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/teams/w/west_bromwich_albion/8205281.stm|publisher=BBC Sport|date=17 August 2009|accessdate=17 August 2009}}</ref> Otú ọ dị, ọ nọgidere na Hawthorns naanị izu abụọ tupu ọ bịanye aka na Ọgụgụ na nkwekọrịta afọ atọ maka ego a na-akọwaghị, ya na onye njikwa Ụlọ akwụkwọ agụmakwụkwọ ya na Chelsea, Brendan Rodgers.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Reading complete Cummings signing|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/teams/r/reading/8234038.stm|publisher=BBC Sport|date=2 September 2009|accessdate=3 January 2010}}</ref> === Ịgụ Ihe === Cummings mere nke mbụ ya maka "Royals" na 12 Septemba 2009, na 0 draw na Doncaster Rovers na Madejski Ama egwuregwu.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_div_1/8244054.stm|title=Reading 0–0 Doncaster Rovers|publisher=BBC Sport|accessdate=22 May 2013}}</ref> Otú ọ dị, ọ nweghị ike ijide ebe mbido mgbe niile, na-apụta naanị ugboro asaa ọzọ n'okpuru Rodgers. Saịtị na Ọgụgụ na-alụ ọgụ na league, a chụrụ Rodgers n'ọrụ na Disemba na n'okpuru onye nọchiri ya, Brian McDermott, Cummings apụtaghị ọzọ maka oge fọdụrụ na 2009 na 10. Oge 201011 gbasoro usoro yiri nke ahụ maka Cummings na Andy Griffin họọrọ na azụ aka nri. Ọ pụtara naanị ugboro iri na abụọ n'oge oge ahụ, mana ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị mkpa na mmeri nke abụọ nke Reading na Cardiff City, na-ejupụta n'akụkụ aka nri ma na-enweta otuto maka arụmọrụ ya.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.getreading.co.uk/sport/football/readingfc/s/2092806_twogoal_long_ends_reading_fcs_wembley_wait|author=Fordham|first=Jonny|title=Two-goal Long ends Reading FC's Wembley wait|work=Reading Post|date=18 May 2011|accessdate=22 May 2013}}</ref> Ọ bụ onye nnọchi anya a na-ejighị mee ihe na Wembley na mmeri ikpeazụ nke Swansea City, nke onye bụbu onye isi Reading bụ Brendan Rodgers duziri.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Fletcher|first=Paul|title=Reading 2-4 Swansea|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_div_1/13497817.stm|accessdate=7 July 2019|work=BBC Sport|date=30 May 2011}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=Cummings thanks ex-boss Rodgers|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/teams/r/reading/9495344.stm|accessdate=7 July 2019|work=BBC Sport|date=24 May 2011}}</ref> Cummings bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta nkwekọrịta otu afọ n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ n'afọ 2011, na-edebe ya na klọb ahụ ruo n'ọnwarị n'afọ 2013.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.getreading.co.uk/sport/football/readingfc/s/2098685_shaun_cummings_extends_contract_at_reading_fc|author=Fordham|first=Jonny|title=Shaun Cummings extends contract at Reading FC|work=Reading Post|date=25 August 2011|accessdate=22 May 2013}}</ref> N'agbanyeghị ịmaliteghachi oge ahụ dị ka nkwado maka Griffin, mmerụ ahụ onye na-agbachitere ya nwere ahụmahụ mere ka Cummings banye n'òtù ahụ na usoro arụmọrụ dị egwu mere ka ọ kwado ọnọdụ ya n'akụkụ.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.getreading.co.uk/sport/football/readingfc/s/2101262_shaun_cummings_aims_to_cement_his_position_in_reading_fc_team|author=Fordham|first=Jonny|title=Shaun Cummings aims to cement his position in Reading FC team|work=Reading Post|date=11 October 2011|accessdate=22 May 2013}}</ref> O mere ngụkọta nke 36 na 201112 mkpọsa n'oge Reading na-emeri n'asọmpi ka ha laghachiri na Premier League na nchebe kachasị sie ike na Championship.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://espnfc.com/tables/_/league/eng.2/season/2011/english-league-championship|title=2011–12 Championship table|publisher=ESPN FC|accessdate=22 May 2013}}</ref> Site na mbinye aka nke Chris Gunter na July 2012, Cummings chọtara onwe ya ọzọ n'akụkụ maka mmalite nke oge Premier League. Ọ laghachiri n'òtù ahụ maka mmeri 3X2 League Cup megide Queens Park Rangers wee gbaa egwuregwu anọ sochirinụ tupu Gunter weghachite ọnọdụ ya n'akụkụ ahụ. Ọ bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta ọhụrụ afọ abụọ na ọkara na Disemba 2012, na egwuregwu ọzọ na Disemba na Jenụwarị sochiri, tupu ọ pụọ ọzọ n'akụkụ mgbe Stephen Kelly sonyeere n'oge windo mbufe Jenụwarụ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.readingfc.co.uk/news/article/cummings-signs-new-deal-051212-526552.aspx|title=Cummings signs new deal|publisher=Reading F.C|accessdate=22 May 2013}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.getreading.co.uk/sport/football/readingfc/s/2127463_stephen_kelly_dont_underestimate_reading_fc|author=Fordham|first=Jonny|title=Stephen Kelly: Don't underestimate Reading FC|date=19 January 2013|accessdate=22 May 2013}}</ref> Ọ pụtaghị ọzọ n'oge afọ 2012 n'okpuru McDermott ma ọ bụ onye nọchiri ya Nigel Adkins, na nke ikpeazụ n'ime egwuregwu iri na otu na-abịa na Jenụwarị 5 na mmeri FA Cup nke 3 na Crawley Town. O bidoro nke ọma n'afọ 2014 na-egwu egwuregwu isii n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ ma gbaa goolu mbụ ya n'egwuregwu nke 118 nke ọrụ ọkachamara ya iji nyere aka nweta akara 2 na Wigan Athletic.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Wigan Athletic 2-2 Reading|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/28646579|accessdate=7 July 2019|work=BBC Sport|date=9 August 2014}}</ref> Otú ọ dị, ọ gbara naanị nkeji iri atọ na otu maka Reading mgbe Steve Clarke weghaara ọrụ na Disemba. === Millwall === Na 12 Jenụwarị 2015, Cummings hapụrụ Reading maka ndị na-asọmpi Championship Millwall na nkwekọrịta a na-akọwaghị, na-etinye aka na nkwekọ afọ abụọ na ọkara; onye njikwa Ian Holloway kwuru na "dị ka onye ọkpụkpọ ọ nwere ike inye aka na nchekwa na mwakpo" ma nwee olileanya na ọ ga-egosi na ọ ga'abụ "ezi akụ maka anyị n'oge dị mkpirikpi na ogologo".<ref>{{Cite news|title=Shaun Cummings: Millwall sign Reading full-back|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/30777733|accessdate=7 July 2019|work=BBC Sport|date=12 January 2015}}</ref> Ọ gbara egwuregwu iri na abụọ maka "Lions" ka klọb ahụ merụrụ ahụ na ngwụcha oge 2014 na 15. Ọ gbara goolu nke abụọ n'ọrụ ya mgbe onye na-edebe goolu Daniel Bentley meriri ya na mmeri 4 na Southend United na 28 Disemba.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Southend United 0-4 Millwall|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/35148454|accessdate=7 July 2019|work=BBC Sport|date=28 December 2015}}</ref> Ọ gbara egwuregwu iri abụọ n'oge afọ 2015 na afọ iri na isii, mana ọ nọghị n'òtù egwuregwu maka mmeri ikpeazụ nke Barnsley n'ihi na a chụpụrụ ya kemgbe ọnwa Febụwarị mgbe a wasịrị ya iji dozie mmerụ ahụ cartilage na ikpere ya.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Stevens|first=Rob|title=Barnsley 3-1 Millwall|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/36352352|accessdate=7 July 2019|work=BBC Sport|date=29 May 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=Millwall defender set for return after long lay-off|url=https://www.newsatden.co.uk/58383-millwall-defender-set-for-return-after-long-lay-off|accessdate=7 July 2019|work=News at Den|date=8 September 2016}}</ref> N'abalị asaa n'ọnwa Jenụwarị n'afọ 2017, ọ gbara goolu nke atọ ya n'asọmpi ya na mmeri 3 na AFC Bournemouth nke Premier League na agba nke atọ nke FA Cup.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Millwall 3-0 Bournemouth|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/38474780|accessdate=7 July 2019|work=BBC Sport|date=7 January 2017}}</ref> Ọ gbakwara bọọlụ na mmeri 1 na Watford na agba na-esote, tupu ọ gbaa naanị goolu nke egwuregwu ahụ na agba nke ise ka Millwall kụrụ klọb Premier League nke atọ n'usoro na The Den, na-emeri Leicester City na otu n'ime agba ikpeazụ nke egwuregwu ahụ.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Millwall 1-0 Leicester City|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/38940093|accessdate=7 July 2019|work=BBC Sport|date=18 February 2017}}</ref> Egwuregwu iko ahụ bịara na White Hart Lane na nkeji iri na ise nke ikpeazụ, ebe ndị Tottenham Hotspur siri ike meriri Millwall na 6o0.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Johnston|first=Neil|title=Tottenham Hotspur 6-0 Millwall|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/39170656|accessdate=7 July 2019|date=12 March 2017}}</ref> Cummins gbara egwuregwu iri abụọ na atọ n'oge afọ 2016 na afọ iri na asaa, ọ bụ ezie na ọ hapụrụ mmeri ikpeazụ nke Bradford City mgbe a gbanwere ya na akụkụ mbụ nke egwuregwu ikpeazụ ya na Scunthorpe United.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Law|first=James|title=Millwall 0-0 Scunthorpe United|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/39765838|accessdate=7 July 2019|work=BBC Sport|date=4 May 2017}}</ref> Onye njikwa Neil Harris nyere ya nkwekọrịta ọhụrụ na Mee 2017.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Millwall: David Forde and Joe Martin released after promotion|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/40045492|accessdate=7 July 2019|work=BBC Sport|date=25 May 2017}}</ref> === Rotherham United === Cummings sonyeere Rotherham United na nkwekọrịta otu afọ na 9 Ọgọst 2017, mgbe ọ masịrị onye njikwa Paul Warne na ikpe, onye nwere olileanya na ọ ga-enye asọmpi maka onye azụ aka nri Josh Emmanuel.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.themillers.co.uk/news/2017/august/signing--millers-seal-cummings-deal|title=SIGNING {{!}} Millers seal Cummings deal|publisher=themillers.co.uk|accessdate=9 August 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=SIGNING {{!}} Warne impressed with new Millers signing|url=https://www.themillers.co.uk/news/2017/august/signing--warne-impressed-with-new-millers-signing/|accessdate=7 July 2019|work=www.themillers.co.uk|date=9 August 2017|language=en-gb}}</ref> Ọ gbalịrị ịbanye n'ime ndị otu mbụ nke "Millers", na-egosi ugboro iri na ise n'oge oge 2017 na afọ 18, na naanị otu ugboro mgbe Krismas gasịrị.<ref name="scun">{{Cite news|author=Crute|first=Paul|title=A look at Scunthorpe United trialists Shaun Cummings and James Horsfield|url=https://www.grimsbytelegraph.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/look-scunthorpe-united-trialists-shaun-1766177|accessdate=7 July 2019|work=Grimsby Telegraph|date=10 July 2018}}</ref> Ọ hapụrụ New York Stadium mgbe Rotherham tọhapụrụ ya na ngwụcha oge ahụ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/44317648|title=Rotherham United to release six players after promotion to the Championship|date=31 May 2018|accessdate=31 May 2018|publisher=BBC Sport}}</ref> === Doncaster Rovers === Cummings sonyeere Scunthorpe United na ikpe na July 2018.<ref name="scun"/> Na 14 Nọvemba 2018, Cummings sonyeere Doncaster Rovers na nkwekọrịta ọnwa abụọ mgbe ọ masịrị onye njikwa Grant McCann n'oge nnwale na Keepmoat Stadium.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/46210450|title=Shaun Cummings: Doncaster Rovers sign former Rotherham United defender|publisher=BBC Sport|date=14 November 2018|accessdate=15 November 2018}}</ref> Onye na-enyere onye njikwa Cliff Byrne aka kwuru na ịbịanye aka ya ga-ekpuchi Joe Wright merụrụ ahụ.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Doncaster Rovers: New boy Shaun Cummings '˜knows what it takes to be successful'|url=https://www.doncasterfreepress.co.uk/news/doncaster-rovers-newa-boy-shaun-cummings-knows-what-it-takes-to-be-successful-44096|accessdate=7 July 2019|work=Doncaster Free Press|date=15 November 2018|language=en}}</ref> Ọ gbara naanị egwuregwu ise n'oge afọ 2018 na 19. Cummings sonyeere Port Vale na ikpe na July 2019.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Baggaley|first=Michael|title=Who are Port Vale's trialists - factfile on the four in action at Kidsgrove|url=https://www.stokesentinel.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/port-vale-trialists-kidsgrove-friendly-3063223|accessdate=7 July 2019|work=Stoke Sentinel|date=6 July 2019}}</ref> == Ọrụ mba ụwa == N'agbanyeghị na a mụrụ ya n'England, a kpọrọ Cummings ka ọ gaa na ndị otu Jamaica na Mee 2013 maka egwuregwu atọ nke 2014 World Cup.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.readingfc.co.uk/news/article/cummings-joins-the-reggae-boyz-200513-828500.aspx|title=Cummings joins Reggae Boyz|publisher=Reading F.C|accessdate=21 May 2013}}</ref> O mere nke mbụ ya ọnwa anọ ka e mesịrị na 6 Septemba, na 0 0 0 draw away na Panama.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://jamaica-gleaner.com/latest/article.php?id=47809|title=Boyz break four-match losing streak in Panama|work=The Gleaner|accessdate=7 September 2013}}</ref> O meriri n'asọmpi nke abụọ ya na Costa Rica na 10 Septemba.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Strack-Zimmermann|first=Benjamin|title=Jamaica vs. Costa Rica (1:1)|url=https://www.national-football-teams.com/matches/report/8818/Jamaica_Costa_Rica.html|work=www.national-football-teams.com|accessdate=7 July 2019|language=en}}</ref> Ọ bụ onye ọzọ na-agba bọọlụ na ndepụta ndị otu nwa oge maka 2015 CONCACAF Gold Cup, mana ọ banyeghị na 23 ikpeazụ. Egwuregwu nke atọ na nke ikpeazụ ya bịara na mmeri 3 na South Korea na 13 Ọktoba 2015.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Strack-Zimmermann|first=Benjamin|title=South Korea vs. Jamaica (3:0)|url=https://www.national-football-teams.com/matches/report/14092/South_Korea_Jamaica.html|work=www.national-football-teams.com|accessdate=7 July 2019|language=en}}</ref> == Ụdị egwuregwu == Cummings bụ onye azụ aka nri, ọ bụ ezie na ọ pụkwara igwu egwu na azụ azụ ma kwupụta njikere ya igwu egwu n'ọnọdụ ọ bụla.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Cummings ready to prove his worth|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/teams/r/reading/9407480.stm|accessdate=7 July 2019|work=BBC Sport|date=25 February 2011}}</ref> == Ndekọ ọnụ ọgụgụ ọrụ == === Ndekọ ọnụ ọgụgụ klọb === {{updated|7 July 2019}} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+Egwuregwu na ihe mgbaru ọsọ site na klọb, oge na asọmpi ! rowspan="2" |Klọb ! rowspan="2" |Oge ! colspan="3" |Njikọ ! colspan="2" |Iko FA ! colspan="2" |Iko Njikọ ! colspan="2" |Ndị ọzọ ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta |- !Nkewa !Ngwa !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ !Ngwa !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ !Ngwa !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ !Ngwa !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ !Ngwa !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ |- |Chelsea |200809 |Njikọ Premier |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |- |Onyinye Milton Keynes (nke e ji gbazinye) |200809<ref name="SC08"> |Njikọ nke Mbụ |33 |0 |1 |0 |1 |0 |0 |0 |35 |0 |- |West Bromwich Albion (ụgwọ) |2009 na iri |Mmeri |3 |0 |0 |0 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |4 |0 |- | rowspan="7" |Ịgụ Ihe |2009 na iri<ref name="SC09" /> |Mmeri |8 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |8 |0 |- |2010-11 |Mmeri |10 |0 |1 |0 |0 |0 |1<ref group="lower-alpha">Appearance in the [[EFL Championship play-offs|Championship play-offs]]</ref> |0 |12 |0 |- |2011-12 |Mmeri |34 |0 |1 |0 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |36 |0 |- |201213 |Njikọ Premier |9 |0 |1 |0 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |11 |0 |- |201314 |Mmeri |10 |0 |0 |0 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |11 |0 |- |2014-15 |Mmeri |5 |1 |0 |0 |2 |0 |0 |0 |7 |1 |- ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta !77 !1 !3 !0 !5 !0 !1 !0 !86 !0 |- | rowspan="4" |Millwall |2014-15<ref name="SC14"> |Mmeri |12 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |0 |0 |12 |0 |- |201516 |Njikọ nke Mbụ |16 |1 |1 |0 |0 |0 |3<ref group="lower-alpha">Appearances in the [[EFL Trophy|Football League Trophy]]</ref> |0 |20 |1 |- |201617 |Njikọ nke Mbụ |16 |0 |4 |2 |0 |0 |3<ref group="lower-alpha">Two appearances in the EFL Trophy and one in the [[EFL League One play-offs|League One play-offs]]</ref> |0 |23 |2 |- ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta !44 !1 !5 !2 !0 !0 !6 !0 !55 !3 |- |Rotherham United |2017 18 |Njikọ nke Mbụ |12 |0 |1 |0 |1 |0 |1<ref group="lower-alpha">Appearance in the EFL Trophy</ref> |0 |15 |0 |- |Doncaster Rovers |201819 |Njikọ nke Mbụ |4 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |1<ref group="lower-alpha">Appearance in the EFL Trophy</ref> |0 |5 |0 |- ! colspan="3" |Ọrụ zuru ezu !173 !2 !10 !2 !8 !0 !9 !0 !200 !4 |} <references group="lower-alpha" responsive="1"></references> {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" ! colspan="3" |Ndị otu mba Jamaica |- !Afọ !Ngwa !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ |- |2013 |2 |0 |- |2014 |0 |0 |- |2015 |1 |0 |- !Ngụkọta !3 !0 |} == Nsọpụrụ == '''Ịgụ Ihe''' * Njikọ bọọlụ: 201112<ref>{{Cite book|editor=Rollin|title=Sky Sports Football Yearbook 2012–2013|year=2012|publisher=Headline Publishing Group|location=London|isbn=978-0-7553-6356-8|pages=36, 318–319}}</ref> '''Rotherham United''' * EFL League One play-offs: 2018<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/44186999|title=Rotherham United 2–1 Shrewsbury Town|first=Ged|author=Scott|publisher=BBC Sport|date=27 May 2018|accessdate=27 May 2018}}</ref> == Ihe odide == <references group="" responsive="1"></references> == Njikọ mpụga == [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 3qyh4p0vphourja9vms9wpql8oigvr5 0 24723 644131 110497 2026-05-30T17:26:52Z Mirah50 16972 Fixed reference errors 644131 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Tekiath Ben Yessouf''' (amụrụ ya na 13 Septemba 1991) bụ onye [[Niger]] na-asọmpi taekwondo. Ọ nọchitere anya Niger na Summer Olympics nke afọ 2020 nke emere na Tokyo, Japan.<ref name="taekwondo_results_book_summer_olympics_2020" /> == Ọrụ ya == O sonyere na asọmpi ụmụ nwanyị na 2017 World Taekwondo Championships nke emere na Muju, South Korea.<ref name="results_world_taekwondo_championships_2017">{{Cite web|title=Results|url=http://www.taekwondo-oezer.de/wp-content/uploads/Turniere/20170624-30-WM-Senioren-2017-Poollisten.pdf|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200822225217/http://www.taekwondo-oezer.de/wp-content/uploads/Turniere/20170624-30-WM-Senioren-2017-Poollisten.pdf|archivedate=22 August 2020|accessdate=22 August 2020|work=2017 World Taekwondo Championships}}</ref> E wepụrụ ya na egwuregwu nke abụọ ya.<ref name="results_world_taekwondo_championships_2017" /> Na 2018 African Taekwondo Championships nke emere na Agadir, Morocco, ọ meriri ọlaọcha na ihe omume ụmụ nwanyị 57 kilogram.<ref name="taekwondo_data_african_championships_2018">{{Cite web|url=http://www.taekwondodata.com/resultlist_display.html?tnid=772&cid=senior|title=2018 African Taekwondo Championships Results|work=Taekwondo Data|accessdate=24 February 2020}}</ref> N'afọ 2019, o sonyere na asọmpi ụmụ nwanyị na 2019 World Taekwondo Championships n'enwetaghị ihe nrite obula. N'otu afọ ahụ, ọ nọchitekwara anya Niger na Egwuregwu nke Afrịka nke afọ 2019 nke emere na Rabat, Morocco ma merie otu n'ime ọla nchara na ihe omume ụmụ nwanyị nke 57 kilogram.<ref name="taekwondo_day_3_results_african_games_2019">{{Cite web|url=https://www.ma-regonline.com/results/1381/RESULTS%20DAY%203%20-%2012TH%20ALL%20AFRICAN%20GAMES%20-%20G4.pdf|title=Taekwondo Day 3 Results|work=2019 African Games|accessdate=24 February 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190824044029/https://www.ma-regonline.com/results/1381/RESULTS%20DAY%203%20-%2012TH%20ALL%20AFRICAN%20GAMES%20-%20G4.pdf|archivedate=24 August 2019}}</ref> N'ọnwa Febụwarị 2020, ọ ruru ma zuo ezu na 2020 African Taekwondo Olympic Qualification Tournament iji sọọ mpi na Summer Olympics nke afọ 2020 na Tokyo, Japan.<ref name="egyptian_and_moroccan_athletes_earn_tokyo_2020">{{Cite news|author=Pavitt|first=Michael|date=23 February 2020|title=Egyptian and Moroccan athletes earn Tokyo 2020 berths at African taekwondo qualifier|work=InsideTheGames.biz|url=https://www.insidethegames.biz/articles/1091001/african-taekwondo-qualifier-tokyo-2020|accessdate=8 December 2020}}</ref><ref name="day_2_results_african_taekwondo_qualification_tournament_2020">{{Cite web|title=Day 2 results|url=http://www.worldtaekwondo.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/draw-day2.pdf|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200225082759/http://www.worldtaekwondo.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/draw-day2.pdf|archivedate=25 February 2020|accessdate=9 August 2020|work=2020 African Taekwondo Olympic Qualification Tournament}}</ref> Na 2021 African Taekwondo Championships nke emere na Dakar, Senegal, ọ meriri nrite ọla edo na ihe omume ụmụ nwanyị kilogram iri ise na asaa.<ref name="medalists_day_one_african_taekwondo_championships_2021">{{Cite web|title=2021 African Taekwondo Championships Medalists – Day 1 – June 5|url=https://www.ma-regonline.com/results/1491/RESULTS%20DAY%201%20BY%20WEIGHT,%202021%20AFRICAN%20SENIOR%20KYORUGI%20CHAMPIONSHIPS%20-%20G4.pdf|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210606131210/https://www.ma-regonline.com/results/1491/RESULTS%20DAY%201%20BY%20WEIGHT,%202021%20AFRICAN%20SENIOR%20KYORUGI%20CHAMPIONSHIPS%20-%20G4.pdf|archivedate=6 June 2021|accessdate=12 September 2021|work=Martial Arts Registration Online}}</ref><ref name="olympic_champion_cisse_among_winners_african_taekwondo_championships_in_dakar_2021">{{Cite news|author=Palmer|first=Dan|date=8 June 2021|title=Olympic champion Cissé among winners at African Taekwondo Championships in Dakar|work=[[Inside the Games|InsideTheGames.biz]]|url=https://www.insidethegames.biz/articles/1108782/african-taekwondo-championships-results|accessdate=12 September 2021}}</ref> Mgbe ọnwa ole na ole gachara, ọ meriri ọla nchara ya na ihe omume ụmụ nwanyị 57 kilogram na Summer Olympics nke afọ nke emere na Tokyo, Japan.<ref name="taekwondo_results_book_summer_olympics_2020">{{Cite web|title=Taekwondo Results Book|url=https://olympics.com/tokyo-2020/olympic-games/resOG2020-/pdf/OG2020-/TKW/OG2020-_TKW_B99_TKW-------------------------------.pdf|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210812122137/https://olympics.com/tokyo-2020/olympic-games/resOG2020-/pdf/OG2020-/TKW/OG2020-_TKW_B99_TKW-------------------------------.pdf|archivedate=12 August 2021|accessdate=24 August 2021|work=2020 Summer Olympics}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://olympics.com/tokyo-2020/olympic-games/resOG2020-/pdf/OG2020-/TKW/OG2020-_TKW_B99_TKW-------------------------------.pdf "Taekwondo Results Book"] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. ''2020 Summer Olympics''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210812122137/https://olympics.com/tokyo-2020/olympic-games/resOG2020-/pdf/OG2020-/TKW/OG2020-_TKW_B99_TKW-------------------------------.pdf Archived] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 12 August 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 August</span> 2021</span>.</cite></ref> == Ihe ndị ọ rụzuru == {| class="wikitable" !Afọ !Egwuregwu !Ebe !Ụdị ịdị arọ |- |2018 |Asọmpi Taekwondo nke Afrịka | align="center" bgcolor="silver" |Nke Abụọ | -57 kilogram |- |2019 |Egwuregwu Afrịka | align="center" bgcolor="cc9966" |Nke atọ | -57 kilogram |- |2021 |Asọmpi Taekwondo nke Afrịka | align="center" bgcolor="gold" |Nke Mbụ | -57 kilogram |} == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga ==   [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:All articles with unsourced statements]] kmnly9bkgwvm1ctc9tg5q48t21k1372 0 24816 644032 139093 2026-05-30T14:04:34Z Iwuala chisom 17246 Fixed reference errors 644032 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|image=|caption=}} [[Category:Articles with hCards]] {{Databox}} '''Suki Lee''' bụ onye America na-emepụta egwuregwu vidio na onye na-eme mmemme kọmputa. Ọ bụ otu n'ime ụmụ nwanyị ole na ole na-emepe emepe na Atari, Inc. na mbido afọ 1980 ebe o dere egwuregwu agụmakwụkwọ ''Math'' Gran Prix maka Atari 2600 (1982) na ''Obelix'' (1983) maka otu usoro ahụ. Mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye njikwa ọrụ na Apple Computer. == Agụmakwụkwọ == Lee nwetara nzere bachelọ ya na Mahadum San Jose State na isi na injinia n'ozuzu.<ref name="atariwomen"/> == Ọrụ == Atari were Lee n'ọrụ mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na kọleji n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ afọ 1981. Ọ nọ ebe ahụ ruo 1984, mgbe ọ malitere ịrụ ọrụ maka Cadtrak Corporation na-emepụta interface onye ọrụ ngwanrọ maka nhazi ụlọ ọrụ mmanụ.<ref name="atariwomen">{{Cite web|title=Atari Women: Suki Lee|url=http://www.atariwomen.org/stories/suki-lee/|work=AtariWomen|publisher=University of Copenhagen|accessdate=13 November 2020}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[http://www.atariwomen.org/stories/suki-lee/ "Atari Women: Suki Lee"]. ''AtariWomen''. University of Copenhagen<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 November</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> Ọ rụkwara ọrụ na Apple site na 1986 ruo 1997, mgbe e mesịrị ọ gara rụọ ọrụ na Palm, eCircle na WebTV ruo 1997. Na ngwụcha afọ 2002, ọ gbara arụkwaghịm ma gaa n'ihu na-arụ ọrụ na Apple.<ref name="uniavis"/> == Egwuregwu == * ''Math'' Grand Prix (Atari 2600, 1982)<ref name="mobygames">{{Cite web|title=Moby Games: Suki Lee|url=https://www.mobygames.com/developer/sheet/view/developerId,765428/|publisher=Moby Games|accessdate=13 November 2020}}</ref> * ''Obelix'' (1984)<ref name="atariage"/> === A na-ebipụtabeghị ya === * Speedboat nke Donald Duck (1982)<ref name="uniavis">{{Cite web|author=Bjerre|first=Signe|title=MØD GAMING-BRANCHENS USYNLIGE KVINDELIGE PIONERER OG FORSKEREN, DER ER VED AT FÅ KVINDERNE TILBAGE|language=da|url=https://uniavisen.dk/moed-tech-branchens-kvindelige-pionerer-der-forsvandt-og-ku-forskeren-der-er-i-gang-med-at-faa-kvinderne-tilbage/|work=Uniavisen|date=13 March 2020|accessdate=13 November 2020}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFBjerre2020">Bjerre, Signe (13 March 2020). [https://uniavisen.dk/moed-tech-branchens-kvindelige-pionerer-der-forsvandt-og-ku-forskeren-der-er-i-gang-med-at-faa-kvinderne-tilbage/ "MØD GAMING-BRANCHENS USYNLIGE KVINDELIGE PIONERER OG FORSKEREN, DER ER VED AT FÅ KVINDERNE TILBAGE"] &#x5B;Meet the invisible female pioneers of the gaming industry and the researcher who is getting the women back&#x5D;. ''Uniavisen'' (in Danish)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 November</span> 2020</span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 Danish-language sources (da)]]</ref> * ''Agbamakwụkwọ Miss Piggy'' (1983)<ref name="atariage">{{Cite web|title=Atari 2600 Programmers – Suki Lee|url=https://atariage.com/programmer_page.php?ProgrammerID=146|work=AtariAge|accessdate=13 November 2020}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://atariage.com/programmer_page.php?ProgrammerID=146 "Atari 2600 Programmers – Suki Lee"]. ''AtariAge''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 November</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=AtariProtos: Miss Piggy's Wedding|url=http://www.atariprotos.com/2600/software/misspiggy/misspiggy.htm|work=AtariProtos|accessdate=13 November 2020}}</ref> == Mmetụta ọdịbendị == Ihe osise ahụ bụ Lee: The Hidden Pastis nke Linda Lai, Yifan Lin na Amanda Zhu sitere n'ike mmụọ nsọ nke egwuregwu Donald Duck's Speedboat.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Suki Lee: The Hidden Past|url=http://www.atariwomen.org/gallery/suki-lee-the-hidden-past%EF%BB%BF/|work=Atari Women|accessdate=13 November 2020}}</ref> == Ebensidee == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == {{Portal|Biography|Video games}}   [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] bf5jo6bsxf80geia9xm03sc1584r089 0 24935 644462 496075 2026-05-31T03:38:54Z Wikipedian12512 61424 Ce 644462 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Abdoul Moumouni Amadou Darankoum''' (amụrụ n'ụbọchị asaa n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ n'afọ 2002) bụ onye Naijiria na-agba bọọlụ nke na-agbara [[Mesaimeer SC|Mesaimeer]] na [[Qatari Second Division]] dika onye nche etiti. == Ọrụ klọb ya == Moumouni malitere ọrụ ya na klọb Naijiria US GN n'afọ 2018.<ref>{{GSA player|darankoum-moumouni/304263}}</ref> Na 16 Septemba 2021, ọ bịanyere aka na klọb Moldova National Division Sheriff Tiraspol.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fc-sheriff.com/en/vse/welcome-momuni/|title=Welcome, Momuni|website=FC Sheriff Tiraspol|date=16 September 2021|access-date=17 September 2021}}</ref> Na 16 Ọgọọst 2024, klọb [[Qatari Second Division]] bụ [[Mesaimeer SC|Mesaimeer]] kwuputara mbianye aka n'akwụkwọ nke Moumouni isoro ha.<ref>{{cite web |title=عبدالمؤمني يوقع لمسيمير |url=https://www.mesaimeerclub.com/news_details.php?id=4922 |website=mesaimeerclub.com |publisher=Mesaimeer SC |access-date=17 August 2024 |language=Arabic |date=16 August 2024}}</ref> == Ọrụ mba ụwa == N'abalị iri abụọ na abụọ n'ọnwa Septemba n'afọ 2019, o sonyere nke mbụ na ndị òtù mba Niger bụ [[Niger national football team|Niger national team]] na asọmpi nke mba Afrịka [[2020 African Nations Championship qualification|African Nations Championship qualification]] megide ndị òtù mba Ivory Coast<ref name="NFT">{{NFT|79019}}</ref>. == Ndekọ ọnụ ọgụgụ ọrụ == === Mba ụwa === {{Updated|match played 12 November 2021}}<ref name="NFT"/> {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center" !Ndị otu mba !Afọ !Ngwa !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ |- | rowspan="2" |Niger |2019 |1 |0 |- |2021 |8 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta !9 !0 |} == Edensibia == <references responsive="1" /> == Njikọ mpụga == * Abdoul Moumouni at Soccerway {{FC Sheriff Tiraspol squad}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Onye egwuregwu]] {{DEFAULTSORT:Moumouni, Abdoul}} 6l3a3l32o67vpqym5kffdcagdxd34j9 0 25065 644413 199757 2026-05-30T23:30:25Z Sylvaline39 15355 Fixed reference error 644413 wikitext text/x-wiki Ụkpụrụ Oslo, nkè a na-akpọ '''ụkpụrụ Oslo''' na Global Obligations to Reduce Climate Change, bụ usoro ụkpụrụ na-achọpụta ọrụ iwu nke steeti (na ụlọ ọrụ) iji belata mgbanwe ihu igwe, yana ụzọ isi mezuo ọrụ ndị a.<ref name=":2">{{Cite journal|author=Spier|first=Jaap|date=2017-11-27|title=The Oslo Principles and the Enterprises Principles: Legal Strategies to Come to Grips with Climate Change|url=https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/jetl-2017-0007/html?lang=en|journal=Journal of European Tort Law|language=en|volume=8|issue=2|pages=218–237|doi=10.1515/jetl-2017-0007|issn=1868-9620|accessdate=2022-07-02}}</ref> N'ịbụ nke otu ndị ọkachamara n'iwu mba ụwa dere, ebumnuche ụkpụrụ ahụ bụ igbochi ịrị elu nke okpomọkụ ụwa ruo degrees Celsius abụọ. E gosipụtara ụkpụrụ Oslo na ụbọchị iri atọ n'ọnwa Machị na King's College [[London]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Oslo Principles on Global Climate Change Obligations {{!}} Global Justice Program|url=https://globaljustice.yale.edu/oslo-principles-global-climate-change-obligations|accessdate=2022-07-02|work=globaljustice.yale.edu|archivedate=2022-05-16|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220516110753/https://globaljustice.yale.edu/oslo-principles-global-climate-change-obligations}}</ref> Ụkpụrụ Oslo na-adabere na iwu ikike mmadụ, iwu mba ụwa, iwu gburugburu ebe obibi mba nakwa iwu mmebi iwu iji mee ka ikpe na steeti na ụlọ ọrụ nwèrè ọrụ iji belata màkà igbanwe ihu ígwé n'okpuru usoro iwu dị ugbua.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|date=2015-03-30|title=Climate change: at last a breakthrough to our catastrophic political impasse? {{!}} Julia Powles and Tessa Khan|url=http://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2015/mar/30/climate-change-paris-talks-oslo-principles-legal-obligations|accessdate=2022-07-02|work=the Guardian|language=en|archivedate=2022-05-25|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220525144523/https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2015/mar/30/climate-change-paris-talks-oslo-principles-legal-obligations}}</ref><ref name=":3">{{Cite web|author=Leijten|first=Ingrid|date=April 26, 2015|title=Climate Change and the Oslo Principles: Judicial Activism or the Problem with Politics?|url=https://leidenlawblog.nl/articles/climate-change-judicial-activism-environmental-law-oslo-principles|work=Leiden Law Bog|accessdate=July 2, 2022|archivedate=March 7, 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210307145036/https://leidenlawblog.nl/articles/climate-change-judicial-activism-environmental-law-oslo-principles}}</ref> Ihe méré kà ụkpụrụ Oslo bụ na ikike mmadụ gụnyere ikike ndụ, [[Ikike inwe nri|nri]], mmiri na [[Right to a healthy environment|gburugburu ebe obibi dị ọcha]]. Dị ka e nwèrè nkwekọrịta sayensị na ikike ndị a nọ n'ihe ize ndụ nke mgbanwe ihu igwe, ịga n'ihu na-aga n'ihu n'ụzọ ikuku carbon ga-emebi ikike mmadụ.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2016-04-25|title=Oslo Principles on Global Climate Change Obligations|url=https://investors-corner.bnpparibas-am.com/investing/oslo-principles-on-global-climate-change-obligations/|accessdate=2022-07-02|work=Investors' Corner|language=en-US|archivedate=2022-07-02|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220702160729/https://investors-corner.bnpparibas-am.com/investing/oslo-principles-on-global-climate-change-obligations/}}</ref> Dị ka iwu ikike mmadụ bụ iwu na-achịkwa mba ụwa, steeti na ụlọ ọrụ nwéré ọrụ iji belata ikuku carbon ọbụna na enweghị nkwekọrịta a kapịrị ọnụ.<ref name=":0"/><ref name=":1"/> Tụkwasị na nke a, iwu mba ụwa na-ekweta ọrụ nke ọrụ steeti gafee ókèala mba ụwa, nké na-emetụta gas na-ekpo ọkụ. Otu nnukwu ikpe ụlọ ikpe na-agbaso ụkpụrụ Oslo bụ State of the [[Netherlands]] v. ''Ntọala Urgenda'', nkè ụlọ ikpe dị na The Hague kpebiri na gọọmentị Dutch nwèrè ọrụ iwu iji belata ikuku carbon n'ime ụlọ iji chebe ikike mmadụ nkè ụmụ amaala ya.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Supreme Court of the Netherlands|date=2019|title=Dutch State to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 25% by the end of 2020|url=https://www.hogeraad.nl/actueel/nieuwsoverzicht/2019/december/dutch-state-case-reduce-greenhouse-gas-emissions/|accessdate=July 2, 2022|archivedate=April 1, 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220401030830/https://www.hogeraad.nl/actueel/nieuwsoverzicht/2019/december/dutch-state-case-reduce-greenhouse-gas-emissions/}}</ref> == Ụkpụrụ Ndị Dị na ya == Ụkpụrụ Oslo na-apụ na ụkpụrụ nchebe.<ref name=":4" /><ref name=":3"/> N'iburu nkwekọrịta sayensị n'ihe gbasara mmerụ ahụ nke mgbanwe ihu igwe sitere n'aka mmadụ, a ga-ebelata gas na-ekpo ọkụ nke ọma iji chebe megide egwu nke mgbanwe ihu ọha. Ọnọdụ mbelata iji zere egwu ndị a kwesịrị ịdabere na ihe omuma sayensị siri ike na nké kachasị njọ. === Ọrụ nke steeti na ụlọ ọrụ === N'okpuru ụkpụrụ Oslo, ma steeti ma ụlọ ọrụ nwèrè ọrụ iji hụ na okpomọkụ ụwa na-ejedebe na degrees Celsius abụọ. Màkà nke a, ha ga-ebelata gas na-ekpo ọkụ ha n'enweghị ihe ndị ọzọ metụtara ya. Tụkwasị na nke a, steeti na ụlọ ọrụ kwesịrị izere ịmalite ọrụ ọhụrụ na-akpata ikuku gabigara ókè, dị ka iwu ụlọ ọrụ ọkụ eletrik na-eji coal eme ihe. Tụkwasị na nke a, ụkpụrụ ahụ na-ekwu na mba ndị mepere emepe na ndị na-emepe emepe, na ụlọ ọrụ dị n'ime ha, ga-eme ihe iji belata gas na-ekpo ọkụ mgbè a ga-akwụ ụgwọ nke usoro ndị a site na nchekwa ma ọ bụ uru ego. Ụkpụrụ a na-emetụta mba ndị na-emepebeghị emepe, na ụlọ ọrụ dị n'ime ha, naanị mgbè ụlọ ọrụ ndị ọzọ na-enye teknụzụ na ego. N'agbanyeghị ibu ọrụ na ọnụọgụ gas na-ekpo ọkụ achọrọ, steeti na ụlọ ọrụ nwéré ike ikpebi onwé ha ihe ha na-eji eme ihe iji mezuo ibu ọrụ ha. Ụkpụrụ Oslo na-ekwu na mbà niile nọ n'okpuru ọrụ ndị a, n'agbanyeghị enyemaka ha na-enye na ngụkọta gas na-ekpo ọkụ. Mgbè iwu mba ma ọ bụ nkwekọrịta mba ụwa setịpụrụ ihe mgbaru ọsọ dị ala, ọrụ ndị dị n'okpuru ụkpụrụ Oslo anaghị emetụta. === Ọrụ nke steeti === A na-achọ ka steeti belata gas na-ekpo ọkụ ha ruo n'ókè ha kwere omume ngwa ngwa o kwere mee n'ime ikike ha. Ụkpụrụ Oslo na-ekwu na ọrụ nke steeti iji belata gas na-ekpo ọkụ bụ ihe a na-ahụkarị, mana dị iche: mba ndị na-emepebeghị emepe anaghị akwụ ụgwọ màkà gas na-eme ka okpomọkụ n'onwe ha. Mba ndị dị nso na ọkwa ha kwere ka ha belata ikuku ha ma ọ bụrụ na ọ ga-esiri ya ike ịtụle akụ na ụba ya, mkpa ya, ịdabere na mmanụ ala na ohere màkà ike ọhụrụ. Mba ndị na-ewepụta ihe na-erughị ka a na-ekwe ka ha ka nwèrè ọrụ izere mmụba nke ikuku ka ọnụọgụ nke ikuku na-ekpo ọkụ ga-agbadata ka oge na-aga. Steeti ga-ezere inye ego màkà ọrụ ndị ga-eme ka ikuku na-ekpo ọkụ dị elu n'enweghị isi. Ọ bụrụ na mba na-ebelata ikuku ya n'ụzọ zuru ezu n'agbanyeghị mbọ ọ na-agba, ọ ga-akwụ ụgwọ ọzọ na mba ndị dị n'okpuru oke ikuku ha. Enweghị ego anaghị ekwe ka steeti hapụ ọrụ ya, steeti nwekwara ọrụ ịchọpụta ụzọ iji belata ikuku ma ọ bụrụ na ha agaghị emezu ọrụ ya. Tụkwasị na nke a, mba nwéré ọrụ ịmepụta nsonaazụ azụmahịa màkà mba ndị na-emezughị ọrụ ha. A na-enyekwa steeti iwu ịnakwere ikike nke ụlọ ikpe ma bipụta ozi gbásárá ihe ize ndụ mgbanwe ihu igwe. === Ọrụ nke ụlọ ọrụ === A na-amanye ụlọ ọrụ ka ha nyochaa nsogbụ ha na mgbanwe ihu igwe na ụzọ ha ga-esi mee ka ha dịkwuo ike. Ozi a ga-abụrịrị nke ọha na eze ma nwee ike ịnweta ndị metụtara dịka ndị na-etinye ego, ndị ahịa na ndị na-achịkwa. Ụlọ ọrụ mmanụ ala kpọmkwem, ga-enyocha otú mgbochi na nchọpụta mmanụ ala ga-esi metụta ọnọdụ ego ya. Ụlọ ọrụ ga-atụle mmetụta gas na-ekpo ọkụ na ọrụ ha na-atụle ịkwụ ụgwọ ma ga-eme nyocha mmetụta gburugburu ebe obibi mgbè ha na-ewu nnukwu ụlọ ọrụ ọhụrụ. == Okike == Ndị ọkachamara Group on Global Climate Obligations nabatara ụkpụrụ Oslo, nke nwere ndị ọkachamara na iwu mba ụwa, iwu ikike mmadụ, iwu gbụrụ-gbúrụ ebe obibi na iwu mmebi iwu site na mahadum, ụlọ ikpe mba ụwa na òtù iwu. Ndị otu a sonyere na ikike ha n'otu n'otu. A na-akpọ ụkpụrụ ndị ahụ aha ọbọdọ Oslo, [[Norway]], ebe ọ bụ na nke a bụ ebe ndị dere ya kwekọrịtara n'afọ 2014. Ìgwè ndị ọkachamara ahụ bụ: * Antonio Benjamin, Onye Ikpe, [[High Court of Justice of Brazil|Ụlọikpe Kasị Elu nke Brazil]] * Michael Gerrard, Andrew Sabin Prọfesọ nke Ọrụ Ọkachamara na Onye nduzi, Sabin Center for Climate Change Law, Columbia University Law School * Toon Huydecoper, onye ọka iwu-ọchịchị nke Ụlọikpe Kasị Elu nke Netherlands lara ezumike nká * Michael Kirby, onye ọka ikpe lara ezumike nká nke Ụlọikpe Kasị Elu nke Australia * M.C. Mehta, onye ọka iwu n'ihu Ụlọikpe Kasị Elu nke India * Thomas Pogge, Leitner Prọfesọ nke nkà ihe ọmụma na ihe gbasara mba ụwa na onye isi ntọala, Global Justice Program, [[Yale University|Mahadum Yale]] * Qin Tianbao, Prọfesọ nke Iwu Gburugburu Ebe Obibi na nke Mba Nile na Onye Nkwado Dean maka Mmekọrịta Mba Nile, Wuhan University School of Law * Dinah Shelton, Manatt/Ahn Prọfesọ nke Iwu Mba Nile, Mahadum George Washington na Law School, na Kọmishọna na onye bụbu Onye isi ala, Inter-American Commission on Human Rights * James Silk, Clinical Professor of Law, Allard K. Lowenstein International Human Rights Clinic, na Director, Orville H. Schell, Jr. Center for International Human Rights, Yale Law School * Jessica Simor QC, onye ọka iwu, Matrix Chambers, London * Jaap Spier, Advocate-General nke Ụlọikpe Kasị Elu nke Netherlands na Prọfesọ Honorary, Mahadum Maastricht Faculty of Law * Elisabeth Steiner, Onyeikpe, Ụlọikpe Na-ahụ Maka Ihe Ndị Ruuru Mmadụ na Europe * Philip Sutherland, Prọfesọ, Mahadum Stellenbosch Faculty of Law == Nnakwere == Ónyé nchịkọta akụkọ Guardian Julia Powles na ónyé ọka iwu ihu igwe Tessa Khan kọwara ụkpụrụ Oslo na The Guardian dị ka "ngwọta màkà nsogbụ anyị na-ewe iwe" na enweghị ọrụ gọọmentị na mgbanwe ihu igwe.<ref name=":1"/> Prọfesọ nkè Mahadum Leiden Ingrid Leijten kpọrọ ụkpụrụ ahụ "mgbalị dị ịrịba ama na nkè a nabatara" n'ịchọpụta ụzọ a na-enyochaghị enyocha iji dozie mgbanwe ihu igwe nkè ọma. Ọ bụ ezie na ọ ka na-ejighị n'aka banyéré ọnọdụ iwu nke akwụkwọ ahụ, ọ kọwara ya dị ka "enyemaka ọzọ màkà iru nkwubi okwu iwu ziri ezi" màkà ''steeti'' Netherlands v. Ikpe ụlọ ikpe nke Urgenda Foundation.<ref name=":3"/> Satvindar Nagra katọrọ ụkpụrụ Oslo maka ileghara itinye aka na mmetụta iwu nke mgbanwe ihu igwe n'okpuru iwu ikike mmadụ na iwu ndị gbara ọsọ ndụ.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Nagra|first=Satvindar|date=2017|title=The Oslo Principles and Climate Change Displacement: Missed Opportunity or Misplaced Expectations?|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/26353860|journal=Carbon & Climate Law Review|volume=11|issue=2|pages=120–135|issn=1864-9904|accessdate=2022-07-02}}</ref> Ụkpụrụ Oslo na-elekwasị ányá na ọrụ nke steeti na steeti na ụlọ ọrụ. Iji kọwaa ọrụ nke ụlọ ọrụ, ụkpụrụ ndị a agbakwunyere site na ''[[Principles on Climate Obligations of Enterprises|ụkpụrụ]]'' nke ibu ọrụ ihu igwe nke ụlọ ọrụ n'afọ 2020. Akụkụ nke ndị dere ụkpụrụ Oslo rụkwara ọrụ na ụkpụrụ ọhụrụ ndị a.<ref name=":2"/><ref name=":0"/><ref>{{Cite web|title=Climate Principles for Enterprises|url=https://climateprinciplesforenterprises.org/|accessdate=2022-07-02|work=Climate Principles for Enterprises|language=en|archivedate=2022-05-16|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220516110758/https://climateprinciplesforenterprises.org/}}</ref> == Hụkwa == * Ikpe mgbanwe ihu igwe * ''Steeti nke Netherlands v. Ntọala Urgenda'' * Iwu gburugburu ebe obibi * Ihe ndị ruuru mmadụ na mgbanwe ihu igwe * Ikpe ziri ezi nke ihu igwe == Edensibia == <references /> [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 4v2ka6asrg5fcwwqhd08vrardry9pll 644415 644413 2026-05-30T23:34:19Z Sylvaline39 15355 Fixed reference error 644415 wikitext text/x-wiki Ụkpụrụ Oslo, nkè a na-akpọ '''ụkpụrụ Oslo''' na Global Obligations to Reduce Climate Change, bụ usoro ụkpụrụ na-achọpụta ọrụ iwu nke steeti (na ụlọ ọrụ) iji belata mgbanwe ihu igwe, yana ụzọ isi mezuo ọrụ ndị a.<ref name=":2">{{Cite journal|author=Spier|first=Jaap|date=2017-11-27|title=The Oslo Principles and the Enterprises Principles: Legal Strategies to Come to Grips with Climate Change|url=https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/jetl-2017-0007/html?lang=en|journal=Journal of European Tort Law|language=en|volume=8|issue=2|pages=218–237|doi=10.1515/jetl-2017-0007|issn=1868-9620|accessdate=2022-07-02}}</ref> N'ịbụ nke otu ndị ọkachamara n'iwu mba ụwa dere, ebumnuche ụkpụrụ ahụ bụ igbochi ịrị elu nke okpomọkụ ụwa ruo degrees Celsius abụọ. E gosipụtara ụkpụrụ Oslo na ụbọchị iri atọ n'ọnwa Machị na King's College [[London]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Oslo Principles on Global Climate Change Obligations {{!}} Global Justice Program|url=https://globaljustice.yale.edu/oslo-principles-global-climate-change-obligations|accessdate=2022-07-02|work=globaljustice.yale.edu|archivedate=2022-05-16|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220516110753/https://globaljustice.yale.edu/oslo-principles-global-climate-change-obligations}}</ref> Ụkpụrụ Oslo na-adabere na iwu ikike mmadụ, iwu mba ụwa, iwu gburugburu ebe obibi mba nakwa iwu mmebi iwu iji mee ka ikpe na steeti na ụlọ ọrụ nwèrè ọrụ iji belata màkà igbanwe ihu ígwé n'okpuru usoro iwu dị ugbua.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|date=2015-03-30|title=Climate change: at last a breakthrough to our catastrophic political impasse? {{!}} Julia Powles and Tessa Khan|url=http://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2015/mar/30/climate-change-paris-talks-oslo-principles-legal-obligations|accessdate=2022-07-02|work=the Guardian|language=en|archivedate=2022-05-25|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220525144523/https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2015/mar/30/climate-change-paris-talks-oslo-principles-legal-obligations}}</ref><ref name=":3">{{Cite web|author=Leijten|first=Ingrid|date=April 26, 2015|title=Climate Change and the Oslo Principles: Judicial Activism or the Problem with Politics?|url=https://leidenlawblog.nl/articles/climate-change-judicial-activism-environmental-law-oslo-principles|work=Leiden Law Bog|accessdate=July 2, 2022|archivedate=March 7, 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210307145036/https://leidenlawblog.nl/articles/climate-change-judicial-activism-environmental-law-oslo-principles}}</ref> Ihe méré kà ụkpụrụ Oslo bụ na ikike mmadụ gụnyere ikike ndụ, [[Ikike inwe nri|nri]], mmiri na [[Right to a healthy environment|gburugburu ebe obibi dị ọcha]]. Dị ka e nwèrè nkwekọrịta sayensị na ikike ndị a nọ n'ihe ize ndụ nke mgbanwe ihu igwe, ịga n'ihu na-aga n'ihu n'ụzọ ikuku carbon ga-emebi ikike mmadụ.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2016-04-25|title=Oslo Principles on Global Climate Change Obligations|url=https://investors-corner.bnpparibas-am.com/investing/oslo-principles-on-global-climate-change-obligations/|accessdate=2022-07-02|work=Investors' Corner|language=en-US|archivedate=2022-07-02|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220702160729/https://investors-corner.bnpparibas-am.com/investing/oslo-principles-on-global-climate-change-obligations/}}</ref> Dị ka iwu ikike mmadụ bụ iwu na-achịkwa mba ụwa, steeti na ụlọ ọrụ nwéré ọrụ iji belata ikuku carbon ọbụna na enweghị nkwekọrịta a kapịrị ọnụ.<ref name=":0"/><ref name=":1"/> Tụkwasị na nke a, iwu mba ụwa na-ekweta ọrụ nke ọrụ steeti gafee ókèala mba ụwa, nké na-emetụta gas na-ekpo ọkụ. Otu nnukwu ikpe ụlọ ikpe na-agbaso ụkpụrụ Oslo bụ State of the [[Netherlands]] v. ''Ntọala Urgenda'', nkè ụlọ ikpe dị na The Hague kpebiri na gọọmentị Dutch nwèrè ọrụ iwu iji belata ikuku carbon n'ime ụlọ iji chebe ikike mmadụ nkè ụmụ amaala ya.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Supreme Court of the Netherlands|date=2019|title=Dutch State to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 25% by the end of 2020|url=https://www.hogeraad.nl/actueel/nieuwsoverzicht/2019/december/dutch-state-case-reduce-greenhouse-gas-emissions/|accessdate=July 2, 2022|archivedate=April 1, 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220401030830/https://www.hogeraad.nl/actueel/nieuwsoverzicht/2019/december/dutch-state-case-reduce-greenhouse-gas-emissions/}}</ref> == Ụkpụrụ Ndị Dị na ya == Ụkpụrụ Oslo na-apụ na ụkpụrụ nchebe. <ref name=":4">{{Cite act|type=Oslo Principles on Global Climate Obligations|index=|date=2015|article=1|article-type=Principle|legislature=Expert Group on Global Climate Obligations|url=https://climateprinciplesforenterprises.files.wordpress.com/2017/12/osloprincipleswebpdf.pdf|language=English}} {{Cite web |url=https://climateprinciplesforenterprises.files.wordpress.com/2017/12/osloprincipleswebpdf.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=2022-07-02 |archive-date=2021-10-31 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211031171236/https://climateprinciplesforenterprises.files.wordpress.com/2017/12/osloprincipleswebpdf.pdf |url-status=bot: unknown }}</ref><ref name=":3"/> N'iburu nkwekọrịta sayensị n'ihe gbasara mmerụ ahụ nke mgbanwe ihu igwe sitere n'aka mmadụ, a ga-ebelata gas na-ekpo ọkụ nke ọma iji chebe megide egwu nke mgbanwe ihu ọha. Ọnọdụ mbelata iji zere egwu ndị a kwesịrị ịdabere na ihe omuma sayensị siri ike na nké kachasị njọ. === Ọrụ nke steeti na ụlọ ọrụ === N'okpuru ụkpụrụ Oslo, ma steeti ma ụlọ ọrụ nwèrè ọrụ iji hụ na okpomọkụ ụwa na-ejedebe na degrees Celsius abụọ. Màkà nke a, ha ga-ebelata gas na-ekpo ọkụ ha n'enweghị ihe ndị ọzọ metụtara ya. Tụkwasị na nke a, steeti na ụlọ ọrụ kwesịrị izere ịmalite ọrụ ọhụrụ na-akpata ikuku gabigara ókè, dị ka iwu ụlọ ọrụ ọkụ eletrik na-eji coal eme ihe. Tụkwasị na nke a, ụkpụrụ ahụ na-ekwu na mba ndị mepere emepe na ndị na-emepe emepe, na ụlọ ọrụ dị n'ime ha, ga-eme ihe iji belata gas na-ekpo ọkụ mgbè a ga-akwụ ụgwọ nke usoro ndị a site na nchekwa ma ọ bụ uru ego. Ụkpụrụ a na-emetụta mba ndị na-emepebeghị emepe, na ụlọ ọrụ dị n'ime ha, naanị mgbè ụlọ ọrụ ndị ọzọ na-enye teknụzụ na ego. N'agbanyeghị ibu ọrụ na ọnụọgụ gas na-ekpo ọkụ achọrọ, steeti na ụlọ ọrụ nwéré ike ikpebi onwé ha ihe ha na-eji eme ihe iji mezuo ibu ọrụ ha. Ụkpụrụ Oslo na-ekwu na mbà niile nọ n'okpuru ọrụ ndị a, n'agbanyeghị enyemaka ha na-enye na ngụkọta gas na-ekpo ọkụ. Mgbè iwu mba ma ọ bụ nkwekọrịta mba ụwa setịpụrụ ihe mgbaru ọsọ dị ala, ọrụ ndị dị n'okpuru ụkpụrụ Oslo anaghị emetụta. === Ọrụ nke steeti === A na-achọ ka steeti belata gas na-ekpo ọkụ ha ruo n'ókè ha kwere omume ngwa ngwa o kwere mee n'ime ikike ha. Ụkpụrụ Oslo na-ekwu na ọrụ nke steeti iji belata gas na-ekpo ọkụ bụ ihe a na-ahụkarị, mana dị iche: mba ndị na-emepebeghị emepe anaghị akwụ ụgwọ màkà gas na-eme ka okpomọkụ n'onwe ha. Mba ndị dị nso na ọkwa ha kwere ka ha belata ikuku ha ma ọ bụrụ na ọ ga-esiri ya ike ịtụle akụ na ụba ya, mkpa ya, ịdabere na mmanụ ala na ohere màkà ike ọhụrụ. Mba ndị na-ewepụta ihe na-erughị ka a na-ekwe ka ha ka nwèrè ọrụ izere mmụba nke ikuku ka ọnụọgụ nke ikuku na-ekpo ọkụ ga-agbadata ka oge na-aga. Steeti ga-ezere inye ego màkà ọrụ ndị ga-eme ka ikuku na-ekpo ọkụ dị elu n'enweghị isi. Ọ bụrụ na mba na-ebelata ikuku ya n'ụzọ zuru ezu n'agbanyeghị mbọ ọ na-agba, ọ ga-akwụ ụgwọ ọzọ na mba ndị dị n'okpuru oke ikuku ha. Enweghị ego anaghị ekwe ka steeti hapụ ọrụ ya, steeti nwekwara ọrụ ịchọpụta ụzọ iji belata ikuku ma ọ bụrụ na ha agaghị emezu ọrụ ya. Tụkwasị na nke a, mba nwéré ọrụ ịmepụta nsonaazụ azụmahịa màkà mba ndị na-emezughị ọrụ ha. A na-enyekwa steeti iwu ịnakwere ikike nke ụlọ ikpe ma bipụta ozi gbásárá ihe ize ndụ mgbanwe ihu igwe. === Ọrụ nke ụlọ ọrụ === A na-amanye ụlọ ọrụ ka ha nyochaa nsogbụ ha na mgbanwe ihu igwe na ụzọ ha ga-esi mee ka ha dịkwuo ike. Ozi a ga-abụrịrị nke ọha na eze ma nwee ike ịnweta ndị metụtara dịka ndị na-etinye ego, ndị ahịa na ndị na-achịkwa. Ụlọ ọrụ mmanụ ala kpọmkwem, ga-enyocha otú mgbochi na nchọpụta mmanụ ala ga-esi metụta ọnọdụ ego ya. Ụlọ ọrụ ga-atụle mmetụta gas na-ekpo ọkụ na ọrụ ha na-atụle ịkwụ ụgwọ ma ga-eme nyocha mmetụta gburugburu ebe obibi mgbè ha na-ewu nnukwu ụlọ ọrụ ọhụrụ. == Okike == Ndị ọkachamara Group on Global Climate Obligations nabatara ụkpụrụ Oslo, nke nwere ndị ọkachamara na iwu mba ụwa, iwu ikike mmadụ, iwu gbụrụ-gbúrụ ebe obibi na iwu mmebi iwu site na mahadum, ụlọ ikpe mba ụwa na òtù iwu. Ndị otu a sonyere na ikike ha n'otu n'otu. A na-akpọ ụkpụrụ ndị ahụ aha ọbọdọ Oslo, [[Norway]], ebe ọ bụ na nke a bụ ebe ndị dere ya kwekọrịtara n'afọ 2014. Ìgwè ndị ọkachamara ahụ bụ: * Antonio Benjamin, Onye Ikpe, [[High Court of Justice of Brazil|Ụlọikpe Kasị Elu nke Brazil]] * Michael Gerrard, Andrew Sabin Prọfesọ nke Ọrụ Ọkachamara na Onye nduzi, Sabin Center for Climate Change Law, Columbia University Law School * Toon Huydecoper, onye ọka iwu-ọchịchị nke Ụlọikpe Kasị Elu nke Netherlands lara ezumike nká * Michael Kirby, onye ọka ikpe lara ezumike nká nke Ụlọikpe Kasị Elu nke Australia * M.C. Mehta, onye ọka iwu n'ihu Ụlọikpe Kasị Elu nke India * Thomas Pogge, Leitner Prọfesọ nke nkà ihe ọmụma na ihe gbasara mba ụwa na onye isi ntọala, Global Justice Program, [[Yale University|Mahadum Yale]] * Qin Tianbao, Prọfesọ nke Iwu Gburugburu Ebe Obibi na nke Mba Nile na Onye Nkwado Dean maka Mmekọrịta Mba Nile, Wuhan University School of Law * Dinah Shelton, Manatt/Ahn Prọfesọ nke Iwu Mba Nile, Mahadum George Washington na Law School, na Kọmishọna na onye bụbu Onye isi ala, Inter-American Commission on Human Rights * James Silk, Clinical Professor of Law, Allard K. Lowenstein International Human Rights Clinic, na Director, Orville H. Schell, Jr. Center for International Human Rights, Yale Law School * Jessica Simor QC, onye ọka iwu, Matrix Chambers, London * Jaap Spier, Advocate-General nke Ụlọikpe Kasị Elu nke Netherlands na Prọfesọ Honorary, Mahadum Maastricht Faculty of Law * Elisabeth Steiner, Onyeikpe, Ụlọikpe Na-ahụ Maka Ihe Ndị Ruuru Mmadụ na Europe * Philip Sutherland, Prọfesọ, Mahadum Stellenbosch Faculty of Law == Nnakwere == Ónyé nchịkọta akụkọ Guardian Julia Powles na ónyé ọka iwu ihu igwe Tessa Khan kọwara ụkpụrụ Oslo na The Guardian dị ka "ngwọta màkà nsogbụ anyị na-ewe iwe" na enweghị ọrụ gọọmentị na mgbanwe ihu igwe.<ref name=":1"/> Prọfesọ nkè Mahadum Leiden Ingrid Leijten kpọrọ ụkpụrụ ahụ "mgbalị dị ịrịba ama na nkè a nabatara" n'ịchọpụta ụzọ a na-enyochaghị enyocha iji dozie mgbanwe ihu igwe nkè ọma. Ọ bụ ezie na ọ ka na-ejighị n'aka banyéré ọnọdụ iwu nke akwụkwọ ahụ, ọ kọwara ya dị ka "enyemaka ọzọ màkà iru nkwubi okwu iwu ziri ezi" màkà ''steeti'' Netherlands v. Ikpe ụlọ ikpe nke Urgenda Foundation.<ref name=":3"/> Satvindar Nagra katọrọ ụkpụrụ Oslo maka ileghara itinye aka na mmetụta iwu nke mgbanwe ihu igwe n'okpuru iwu ikike mmadụ na iwu ndị gbara ọsọ ndụ.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Nagra|first=Satvindar|date=2017|title=The Oslo Principles and Climate Change Displacement: Missed Opportunity or Misplaced Expectations?|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/26353860|journal=Carbon & Climate Law Review|volume=11|issue=2|pages=120–135|issn=1864-9904|accessdate=2022-07-02}}</ref> Ụkpụrụ Oslo na-elekwasị ányá na ọrụ nke steeti na steeti na ụlọ ọrụ. Iji kọwaa ọrụ nke ụlọ ọrụ, ụkpụrụ ndị a agbakwunyere site na ''[[Principles on Climate Obligations of Enterprises|ụkpụrụ]]'' nke ibu ọrụ ihu igwe nke ụlọ ọrụ n'afọ 2020. Akụkụ nke ndị dere ụkpụrụ Oslo rụkwara ọrụ na ụkpụrụ ọhụrụ ndị a.<ref name=":2"/><ref name=":0"/><ref>{{Cite web|title=Climate Principles for Enterprises|url=https://climateprinciplesforenterprises.org/|accessdate=2022-07-02|work=Climate Principles for Enterprises|language=en|archivedate=2022-05-16|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220516110758/https://climateprinciplesforenterprises.org/}}</ref> == Hụkwa == * Ikpe mgbanwe ihu igwe * ''Steeti nke Netherlands v. Ntọala Urgenda'' * Iwu gburugburu ebe obibi * Ihe ndị ruuru mmadụ na mgbanwe ihu igwe * Ikpe ziri ezi nke ihu igwe == Edensibia == <references /> [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 4ujamzhci2je7f0zsatv2f91dzd9o2u 0 25255 644051 406787 2026-05-30T14:29:14Z Mirah50 16972 Fixed reference errors 644051 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox body of water|name=Tampa Bay <!-- Images -->|image=File:Tampa florida map.jpg|alt=|caption=Tampa Bay from a [[NASA]] satellite in 2006|image_bathymetry=|alt_bathymetry=|caption_bathymetry=<!-- Stats -->|location=|group=|coordinates={{Coord|27|45|45|N|82|32|45|W|dim:45000_scale:450000_region:US-FL_type:waterbody_source:dewiki|display=inline,title}}<!-- {{coord|DD|MM|SS|N|DD|MM|SS|W|region:ZZ_type:waterbody|display =inline,title}} -->|type=[[harbor]], [[estuary]]|etymology=|part_of=|inflow=|rivers=|outflow=[[Gulf of Mexico]]|oceans=|catchment=<!-- {{convert|VALUE|UNITS}} must be used -->|agency={{ubl|[[Southwest Florida Water Management District]] (SWFWMD)|[[Florida Department of Environmental Protection]] (FDEP)}}|designation=|length=<!-- {{convert|VALUE|UNITS}} must be used -->|width=<!-- {{convert|VALUE|UNITS}} must be used -->|area=<!-- {{convert|VALUE|UNITS}} must be used -->|depth=<!-- {{convert|VALUE|UNITS}} must be used -->|max-depth=<!-- {{convert|VALUE|UNITS}} must be used -->|volume=<!-- {{convert|VALUE|UNITS}} must be used -->|residence_time=|salinity=|shore=<!-- {{convert|VALUE|UNITS}} must be used -->|elevation=<!-- {{convert|VALUE|UNITS}} must be used -->|temperature_high=<!-- {{convert|VALUE|UNITS}} must be used -->|temperature_low=<!-- {{convert|VALUE|UNITS}} must be used -->|frozen=|islands=|islands_category=|sections=|trenches=|benches=|cities=<!-- Map -->|pushpin_map=Florida|pushpin_label_position=|pushpin_map_alt=Location of the Tampa Bay|pushpin_map_caption=<!-- Below -->|website=|reference=}} {{Databox}}Tampa Bay bụ nnukwu ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri sitere n'okike na ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri na-emighị emi nke jikọtara na Ọwara [[Mézíkọ|Mexico]] nke dị n'ụsọ oké osimiri ọdịda anyanwụ-etiti. [[Flórídạ|Florida]], nke gụnyere Hillsborough Bay, McKay Bay, Old Tampa Bay, Middle Tampa Bay na Lower Tampa Bay. Mmiri kachasị mma na-abanye n'ime ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri ahụ bụ Osimiri Hillsborough, nke na-asọba na Hillsborough Bay na etiti obodo Tampa. Ọtụtụ obere osimiri na iyi ndị ọzọ na-asọbakwa na Tampa Bay, na-ebute nnukwu mpaghara mmiri. Ụsọ mmiri nke Tampa Bay bụ ebe obibi nke Weedon Island Culture na mgbe ahụ omenala nke Safety Harbor ruo ọtụtụ puku afọ. Ọdịbendị ndị a dabere na Tampa Bay maka nri, mmiri ahụ bara ọgaranya nke na ha bụ otu n'ime ọdịbendị ụmụ amaala America ole na ole na-enweghị ọrụ ugbo. O yikarịrị ka Tocobaga bụ isi ọchịchị kachasị n'ógbè ahụ mgbe ndị nchọpụta Spanish rutere na mmalite afọ Otu puku na narị ise , mana o yikarịrị na e nwere obere isi ọchịchị n'akụkụ ọwụwa anyanwụ nke ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri nke edeghị nke ọma. Ọrịa na agha egbuola ndị obodo ahụ na ngwụcha afọ Otu puku na narị isii, ọ nweghịkwa ebe obibi mmadụ na-adịgide adịgide n'ógbè ahụ ruo ihe karịrị otu narị afọ. United States weghaara Florida n'afọ 1821 wee guzobe Fort Brooke n'ọnụ Osimiri Hillsborough n'afọ 1824. Obodo ndị gbara Tampa Bay gburugburu toro nke ukwuu n'ime narị afọ nke 20. Taa, mpaghara ahụ bụ ebe obibi ihe dị ka nde mmadụ 4, na-eme Tampa Bay ka ọ bụrụ ụzọ azụmahịa na nke ntụrụndụ a na-ejikarị eme ihe ma na-edobe ya na-abawanye ụba nke mmetọ sitere na ụlọ ọrụ, ọrụ ugbo, nsị mmiri na mmiri na-asọpụta n'elu. Na mmalite afọ nke 1980s ewedara ogo mmiri dị n'ọnụ mmiri ahụ nke ukwuu, na-akpata mbelata dị egwu na ndụ oké osimiri ma belata nnweta maka ntụrụndụ. E meela nlekọta ka ukwuu n'ime iri afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya iji belata mmetụta nke ebe obibi mmadụ na Tampa Bay, ọkachasị ụlọ ọrụ nhicha nsị na ọtụtụ ọrụ mweghachi ahịhịa mmiri, na-akpata mma mmiri ka oge na-aga. Otú ọ dị, mgbe ụfọdụ, red tide na algae ndị ọzọ na-acha uhie uhie emeela ka nchegbu banyere ahụike na-aga n'ihu nke estuary.<ref name="redtide">{{Cite news|author=Sampson|first=Zachary|title=Red Tide's return raises fears about the health of Tampa Bay|url=https://www.tampabay.com/news/environment/2021/07/23/red-tides-return-raises-fears-about-the-health-of-tampa-bay/|accessdate=August 30, 2021|work=Tampa Bay Times|date=July 23, 2021|language=en}}</ref> A na-ejikarị okwu ahụ bụ "Tampa Bay" eme ihe dị ka mkpirisi na-ezo aka na mpaghara niile ma ọ bụ akụkụ nke Tampa Bay, nke nwere ọtụtụ obodo na obodo dị iche iche nke gbara nnukwu mmiri gburugburu. Mgbalị ịre ahịa na ịre ahịa mpaghara (gụnyere ọtụtụ ndị otu egwuregwu ndị ọkachamara, bọọdụ ndị njem nlegharị anya, na ụlọ azụmaahịa) na-ejikarị moniker "Tampa Bay",", na-akwalite echiche na-ezighi ezi na ọ bụ aha otu obodo mgbe nke a abụghị ikpe.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Craig Pittman|url=http://www.tampabay.com/news/humaninterest/article675482.ece?comments=legacy|title=Media found the Rays, lost the 'Bay'|work=St. Petersburg Times|date=July 7, 2008|accessdate=2010-04-10|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110607060309/http://www.tampabay.com/news/humaninterest/article675482.ece?comments=legacy|archivedate=June 7, 2011}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|author=Guzzo|first=Paul|title=Tampa Bay is not the name of a city, locals say. History proves it was.|url=https://www.tampabay.com/life-culture/history/2022/11/16/tampa-bay-is-not-name-city-locals-say-history-proves-it-was/|accessdate=November 16, 2022|work=Tampa Bay Times|date=November 16, 2022|language=en}}</ref> == Ọdịdị ala == [[Usòrò:Tampa_Bay_watershed_USGS.gif|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|Mmiri Tampa Bay sitere na USGS ]] === Mmalite ya === Tampa Bay hiwere ihe dị ka afọ puku isii gara aga dị ka ebe mmiri na-asọ oyi nke nwere nnukwu ọnụ na-ejikọta ya na nnukwu osimiri. Gulf of Mexico. Tupu oge ahụ, ọ bụ nnukwu ọdọ mmiri dị ọcha, nke nwere ike ịbụ site na Floridan Aquifer site na isi iyi okike.<ref>{{Cite journal|title=Holocene and Pleistocene Marine and Non-marine Sediment from Tampa Bay, Florida|journal=Harvard.edu|author=Edgar|first=N. T.|year=2002|volume=2002}}</ref> Ọ bụ ezie na a ghọtachaghị usoro nke mgbanwe site n'ọdọ mmiri gaa n'ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri, echiche na-eduga bụ na ịrị elu nke oke osimiri na-esote oge ice ikpeazụ tinyere ịmepụta nnukwu oghere dị nso n'ọnụ mmiri ahụ ugbu a mepụtara njikọ n'etiti ọdọ mmiri na ọwara mmiri ahụ. === Mmekọrịta gburugburu ebe obibi === Tampa Bay bụ nnukwu mmiri na-emeghe na Florida, na-agbasa ihe karịrị square narị anọ miles (1,000 km2) ma na-emepụta ụsọ oké osimiri nke Hillsborough, Manatee na Pinellas counties. A na-ekesa isi iyi mmiri dị ọcha nke ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri ahụ n'etiti ihe karịrị otu narị obere mmiri, kama otu osimiri.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.gulfbase.org/bay/view.php?bid=tampa|title=GulfBase - Tampa Bay and Keys|publisher=gulfbase.org|accessdate=12 April 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150913114951/http://www.gulfbase.org/bay/view.php?bid=tampa|archivedate=13 September 2015}}</ref> Osimiri Hillsborough bụ isi iyi mmiri dị ọcha kachasị ukwuu, na osimiri Alafia, Manatee, na Little Manatee bụ isi iyi kachasị ukwuu. N'ihi ọtụtụ mmiri ndị a na-abanye n'ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri ahụ, nnukwu mmiri ya na-ekpuchi akụkụ nke mpaghara Florida ise na ihe dịka square Puku abụọ na narị abụọ (5,700 km2).<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.tbep.org/portrait/tampa_bay_map.html|title=Map of the Tampa Bay Watershed|date=22 March 2009|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090322215121/http://www.tbep.org/portrait/tampa_bay_map.html|archivedate=22 March 2009}}</ref> Ala nke Tampa Bay bụ ájá na ájá, na nkezi omimi mmiri nke naanị ihe dị ka mita 12.7. Mmiri na-adịghị omimi na apịtị apịtị na-enye ohere maka nnukwu ahịhịa mmiri, yana ala mmiri mangrove gbara ya gburugburu, ọnụ mmiri ahụ na-enye ebe obibi maka anụ ọhịa dịgasị iche iche. A na-ahụ ihe karịrị ụdị azụ 200 na mmiri nke ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri ahụ, tinyere bottlenose dolphins na manatees, tinyere ọtụtụ ụdị anụmanụ na-enweghị azụ nke mmiri gụnyere oysters, scallops, clams, shrimp na crab. Ihe karịrị ụdị nnụnụ iri na abụọ, gụnyere pelicans na-acha aja aja, ụdị dị iche iche nke heron na egret, Roseate spoonbills, cormorants na gulls na-achị ọchị na-eme ka ụlọ ha kwa afọ n'akụkụ osimiri ya na obere agwaetiti ya, yana ọtụtụ ụdị ndị ọzọ na-akwaga na-esonyere ha n'oge oyi. Ọnwa ndị na-ajụ oyi bụkwa mgbe mmiri na-ekpo ọkụ na-esi na ụlọ ọrụ ọkụ eletrik ndị dị n'akụkụ ọnụ mmiri ahụ na-adọta otu n'ime manatees isii ọ bụla nke West Indian, ụdị dị n'ihe ize ndụ, na mpaghara ahụ.<ref>"Can manatees survive without warm waters from power plants?", ''Tampa Tribune'' (tbo.com), Jan. 8, 2011.</ref> === Nsogbu gburugburu ebe obibi === ==== Nchekwa gburugburu ==== A họpụtara Tampa Bay dị ka "estuary nke mba pụtara" site na United States Environmental Protection Agency na 1990. Abụọ National Wildlife Refuges dị na Tampa Bay: Pinellas National Wildlife Refuge na ebe mgbaba na Egmont Key. Ọtụtụ n'ime agwaetiti (gụnyere ọtụtụ agwaetiti ndị mmadụ rụrụ site na nkwakọrọ) na sandbars bụ ihe ọha na eze machibidoro, n'ihi gburugburu ebe obibi ha na-adịghị ike na ojiji ha dị ka ebe obibi nke ọtụtụ ụdị nnụnụ. Tampa Bay Estuary Program na-eleba anya na ahụike nkeBay.<ref name="TPEP">[http://www.tbep.org/about_the_tampa_bay_estuary_program-state_of_the_bay-dredging_and_dredged_material_management.html "Dredging and Dredged Material Management"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924113405/http://www.tbep.org/about_the_tampa_bay_estuary_program-state_of_the_bay-dredging_and_dredged_material_management.html |date=2015-09-24 }}, Tampa Bay Estuary Program</ref> ==== Mmetọ ==== Tampa Bay nwere azụ̀ na anụ ọhịa juru. Ndị bi na Safety Harbor na-ebi ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ kpamkpam site na mullet, shellfish, turtles, manatees, crabs, na ihe nrite ndị ọzọ ewetere n'oké osimiri. N'ihe dị ka mmalite narị afọ nke iri abuo, na ihe ndị ọzọ a na-ewepụta n'oké osimiri. Ka ọ na-erule mmalite narị afọ nke 20, ndị nleta ka na-akọ nnukwu ụlọ akwụkwọ nke mullet na-egwu mmiri gafee ọnụ ọgụgụ dị ukwuu nke na ha "egbochi ụgbọ mmiri".<ref name="usf.edu">{{Cite web|url=http://www.tampabay.wateratlas.usf.edu/upload/documents/OldTampaBaylit.pdf|title=Some Historical Accounts of the Natural Conditions in Tampa Bay and Hillsborough County|accessdate=2011-01-23|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110720102714/http://www.tampabay.wateratlas.usf.edu/upload/documents/OldTampaBaylit.pdf|archivedate=2011-07-20}}</ref> Ntọala na uto ngwa ngwa nke obodo ndị gbara ya gburugburu n'oge narị afọ nke 20 kpatara nnukwu mmebi na gburugburu ebe obibi nke ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri ahụ. Nnukwu owuwe ihe ubi nke azụ na ihe ndị ọzọ dị n'oké osimiri, ịdọrọ ọwa ụgbọ mmiri mgbe niile, na iwepụ mangroves maka mmepe n'ụsọ oké osimiri bụ ihe dị mkpa.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://water.epa.gov/type/oceb/nep/programs_tampa.cfm|title=Tampa Bay|work=epa.gov|accessdate=12 April 2015|archivedate=12 April 2015|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20150412172020/http://water.epa.gov/type/oceb/nep/programs_tampa.cfm}}</ref> Ihe kachasị emebi bụ nsị mmiri na mmetọ ndị ọzọ n'ime ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri ahụ, nke mebiri ogo mmiri.<ref name="autogenerated1">{{Cite web|url=http://www.tampabay.wateratlas.usf.edu/upload/documents/Seagrass%20Meadows%20of%20Tampa%20Bay%20-%20A%20Review.pdf|title=Seagrass Meadows of Tampa Bay - A Review|accessdate=2011-01-23|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110720102727/http://www.tampabay.wateratlas.usf.edu/upload/documents/Seagrass%20Meadows%20of%20Tampa%20Bay%20-%20A%20Review.pdf|archivedate=2011-07-20}}</ref> Ahụike nke ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri ahụ ruru ala na 1970s. Mmiri ahụ gbara ọchịchịrị nke na ìhè anyanwụ enweghị ike iru ala na-adịghị omimi, na-ebelata ahịhịa mmiri site na ihe karịrị 80% ma e jiri ya tụnyere na mbido narị afọ ahụ ma na-emetụta usoro okike mmiri nke ukwuu. Ọtụtụ ụdị a na-ahụkarị na mbụ bịara ụkọ, a na-emechikwa ụsọ mmiri dị n'akụkụ mmiri mgbe niile n'ihi oke nje na mmetọ adịghị mma.<ref name="autogenerated1" /><ref name="decline">{{Cite news|author=Carter|first=Cathy|title=Seagrass In Tampa Bay Declined 13 Percent In Recent Years|url=https://wusfnews.wusf.usf.edu/environment/2021-05-17/seagrass-in-tampa-bay-declined-13-percent-in-recent-years|accessdate=August 30, 2021|work=WUSF Public Media|date=May 17, 2021|language=en}}</ref> Malite na mbido afọ 1980 mgbe iwu gọọmentị etiti na nke steeti iji melite ogo mmiri, ndị ọchịchị wụnyere ụlọ ọrụ nhicha mmiri ka mma ma mee ka iwu siri ike nke ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe, na-eduga n'iji nwayọ ma na-aga n'ihu na mma mmiri na ahụike gburugburu ebe obibi n'ozuzu.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://clinton4.nara.gov/CEQ/earthday/ch12.html|title=Ten Communities: Profiles in Environmental Progress|work=nara.gov|accessdate=12 April 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150113092501/http://clinton4.nara.gov/CEQ/earthday/ch12.html|archivedate=13 January 2015}}</ref> Ka ọ na-erule n'afọ 2010, ọnụọgụ nke ahịhịa mmiri, mmiri doro anya, na ụdị dị iche iche emeela ka ọ dịkwuo mma ruo n'ókè ikpeazụ a hụrụ na nke afọ 1950s. Otú ọ dị, mmiri ozuzo nke ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe na nke ọrụ ugbo tinyere mmiri na-asọpụta site na mpaghara ndị mepere emepe na-anọgide na-eyi ihe egwu na-aga n'ihu na gburugburu ebe obibi mmiri dị n'ọnụ mmiri, karịsịa site n'itinye mmiri ahụ na sedimenti na algae blooms, na mkpuchi mmiri na-adaba ntakịrị na njedebe 2010.<ref name="decline"/><ref name=":0">{{Cite web|author=Fortado|first=Lindsay|date=September 20, 2019|title=Tampa Bay cities prepare for rising sea levels and storm risk|url=https://www.ft.com/content/780ca792-b7a8-11e9-8a88-aa6628ac896c|archiveurl=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221210/https://www.ft.com/content/780ca792-b7a8-11e9-8a88-aa6628ac896c|archivedate=2022-12-10|accessdate=2021-02-18|work=Financial Times}}</ref><ref name="redtide"/> Mmetọ mmiri mkpofu sitere na ụlọ ọrụ phosphate ochie dị nso n'ikperé mmiri abụwo nsogbu pụrụ iche. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, n'afọ 2004, mmiri ruru nde galọn iri isii na ise nke mmiri acid site na ụlọ ọrụ Cargill phosphate dị n'ụsọ oké osimiri ahụ metụtara ala mmiri dị nso na mmiri ahụ.<ref name="TampaTribune_Salinero_20120902">{{Cite web|first=Mike|author=Salinero|date=September 2, 2012|url=http://www2.tbo.com/news/news/2012/sep/02/mosaic-co-environmental-project-to-revive-ecologic-ar-481009/|title=Mosaic Co. environmental project to revive ecological disaster area|accessdate=May 6, 2020|archiveurl=https://archive.today/2013.02.04-054623/http://www2.tbo.com/news/news/2012/sep/02/mosaic-co-environmental-project-to-revive-ecologic-ar-481009/|archivedate=February 4, 2013}}</ref> N'ọnwa Eprel 2021, mmebi nke ebe nchekwa mmiri na ụlọ ọrụ phosphate Piney Point mechiri emechi mere ka ihe karịrị nde galọn narị abụọ nke ihe na-edozi ahụ na-asọba n'ime ala Tampa Bay.<ref name="Miami Herald">{{Cite news|author=Callihan|first=Ryan|date=April 4, 2021|title=A worst case at Piney Point? {{convert|20|ft|m|adj=on}} wall of water. DeSantis tours site, stresses safety|work=Miami Herald|url=https://www.miamiherald.com/news/state/florida/article250420091.html|accessdate=4 April 2021}}</ref> Uto nke red tide algae mere ka ecocide ma gbuo ihe karịrị Otu puku tọn azụ n'ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri na n'akụkụ ụsọ oké osimiri dị nso ma nwee ike ibute mmebi ọzọ na ala ahịhịa mmiri.<ref name="redtide"/> ==== Mgbanwe ihu igwe ==== Tampa Bay, dị ka akụkụ ndị ọzọ nke Florida, nwere oke nsogbu maka [[Tashin matakin teku|ịrị elu nke oke osimiri]] nke mgbanwe ihu igwe kpatara.<ref name=":0"/> iri nke oké osimiri arịwo elu sentimita asatọ (200 mm) kemgbe afọ 1946.<ref name=":0" /> Tampa Bay bụkwa otu n'ime ebe ndị dị na US kacha nọrọ n'ihe ize ndụ mgbe ajọ ifufe na-abata n'ihi ọnọdụ ya, ọnụ ọgụgụ na-arịwanye elu, na ọdịdị ala nke ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri ahu.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Resnick|first=Brian|date=2019-09-11|title=26 feet of water: What the worst-case hurricane scenario looks like for Tampa Bay|url=https://www.vox.com/energy-and-environment/2019/9/11/18485563/hurricane-florida-climate-change-tampa|accessdate=2022-11-16|work=Vox}}</ref> Tampa Bay Regional Resiliency Coalition na-ahazi nzaghachi mpaghara ahụ maka mgbanwe ihu igwe.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Wilson|first=Kirby|date=February 22, 2019|title=Climate change is here. Will Tampa Bay finally get ready?|url=https://tampabay.com/news/publicsafety/climate-change-is-here-will-tampa-bay-finally-get-ready-20190222/|accessdate=2020-02-16|work=Tampa Bay Times|language=en}}</ref> Ogbe nile na Bay, gụnyere St. Petersburg na Tampa na-emegharị akụrụngwa na ụlọ iji chee mgbanwe ihu na ọkwa oke osimiri.<ref name=":0"/> == Ebe obibi mmadụ == [[Usòrò:1757_Celi.jpg|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|Map zuru ezu mbụ a maara nke Tampa Bay, nke Don Francisco Maria Celi nke Spanish Royal Fleet, 1757. Map na-eche ihu n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ n'elu. Peninsula Pinellas dị na ala, peninsula Tampa dị n'etiti, Osimiri Hillsborough gosipụtara na ọ na-agbasa n'ime ime n'elu aka ekpe.]] === Ndị bi na mbụ === Ụmụ mmadụ ebiela na Florida ruo ọtụtụ puku afọ, ọ dịkarịa ala afọ puku iri na anọ N'ihi ice zuru ụwa ọnụ, oke osimiri dị ala n'oge ahụ, na mpaghara Florida gbatịrị ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ kilomitiri isii 60 n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ nke ụsọ oké osimiri taa. A chọtawo ebe Paleo-Indian n'akụkụ osimiri na ọdọ mmiri dị n'ebe ugwu Florida, na-eduga na ịkọ nkọ na ndị Floridians mbụ a bikwa na Tampa Bay mgbe ọ ka bụ ọdọ mmiri mmiri dị ọcha.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.flmnh.ufl.edu/vertpaleo/aucilla11_1/milanich.htm|title=Florida's Indians|publisher=ufl.edu|accessdate=12 April 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402152823/http://www.flmnh.ufl.edu/vertpaleo/aucilla11_1/milanich.htm|archivedate=2 April 2015}}</ref> Achọtawo ihe akaebe nke ebe obibi mmadụ site n'oge mbụ a na saịtị Harney Flats, nke dị ihe dịka kilomita iri n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ nke ebe dị ugbu a n'akụkụ mmiri Tampa.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://ufdc.ufl.edu/UF00027829/00020/27j|title=Florida anthropologist|publisher=ufl.edu|accessdate=12 April 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150222051225/http://ufdc.ufl.edu/UF00027829/00020/27j|archivedate=22 February 2015}}</ref> Ihe akaebe mbụ nke ebe obibi mmadụ kpọmkwem n'ikperé mmiri nke Tampa Bay sitere na ọdịbendị Manasota, ọdịiche nke ọdịbendị Weeden Island, bụ ndị biri n'ógbè ahụ malite n'ihe dị ka afọ puku afọ ise ruo puku isii gara aga, mgbe oke osimiri rịrị elu ruo nso ọkwa ọgbara ọhụrụ ma jikọta ọdụ ahụ na Gulf of Mexico.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.co.pinellas.fl.us/BCC/yatki/manasota.htm|title=Manasota|publisher=Co.pinellas.fl.us|accessdate=2010-04-10|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304051738/http://www.co.pinellas.fl.us/BCC/yatki/manasota.htm|archivedate=2016-03-04}}</ref> Omenala a, nke na-adabere ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ naanị na ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri maka nri na ihe ndị ọzọ, ejiri omenala Safety Harbor yiri ya dochie ya site na ihe dịka 800 AD. Mba ndị na-emetụta Tampa Bay bụ mba Tocobaga nke akụkọ ihe mere eme, ndị a maara na ha so n'etiti ndị nna nna nke agbụrụ Seminole na Miccosukee nke Florida.<ref>{{Cite web|author=((Florida Center for Instructional Technology, College of Education, University of South Florida))|title=Tocobaga Indians of Tampa Bay|url=http://fcit.usf.edu/Florida/lessons/tocobag/tocobag1.htm|work=Exploring Florida|publisher=University of South Florida|accessdate=9 September 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=SemTribe|title=The Ancestors|url=https://www.semtribe.com/stof/history/the-seminole-ancestors|work=Seminole Tribe of Florida|publisher=Seminole Tribe|accessdate=9 September 2022|archivedate=9 September 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220909154143/https://www.semtribe.com/stof/history/the-seminole-ancestors}}</ref> === Nnyocha Europe === Omenala Safety Harbor bụ ihe na-achịkwa n'ógbè ahụ n'oge mbụ ya na ndị Europe zutere n'etiti afọ gara aga otu puku afọ na narị ise . Tocobaga, ndị wuru obodo ha dị nso na Safety Harbor nke taa n'akụkụ ugwu ọdịda anyanwụ nke Old Tampa Bay, bụ ndị otu kachasị edepụtara edepụtara site n'oge ahụ n'ihi na ha na ndị nchọpụta Spanish nwere mmekọrịta kachasị. Otú ọ dị, e nwere ọtụtụ obodo ndị ọzọ dị n'ụsọ oké osimiri nke a haziri n'ime obere ọchịchị dị iche iche gburugburu ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri ahụ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://fcit.usf.edu/Florida/lessons/tocobag/tocobag1.htm|title=Tocobaga Indians of Tampa Bay|publisher=Fcit.usf.edu|accessdate=2010-04-10|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100406053704/http://fcit.usf.edu/Florida/lessons/tocobag/tocobag1.htm|archivedate=2010-04-06}}</ref> N'ịchọtaghị ọla edo ma ọ bụ ọlaọcha n'ebe dị nso na enweghị ike ime ka ndị obodo ahụ ghọọ [[Efefe Kraịst|Iso Ụzọ Kraịst]], ndị Spen anọghị na Tampa Bay ruo ogologo oge.. Otú ọ dị, ọrịa ha webatara gburu ndị obodo ahụ n'ime iri afọ ndị sochirinụ, na-eduga n'ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ọdịda zuru oke nke ọdịbendị ọ bụla e guzobere gafee Florida. N'etiti mbelata a na enweghị mmasị nke ndị nwe ya, mpaghara Tampa Bay ga-abụ ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ na ọ dịghị ebe obibi ruo ihe fọrọ nke ọ bụrụ afọ narị abụọ. Ndị na-eme map n'oge mbụ nyere Tampa Bay aha dị iche iche. Map ndị [[Spain]] sitere n'afọ1584 na-akọwa Tampa Bay dị ka Baya de Spirito Santo ("Bay of the Holy Spirit").<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.libs.uga.edu/darchive/hargrett/maps/1584o6.jpg|title=University of Georgia Libraries, Hargrett Rare Books and Manuscript Library: 1584 map of La Florida|accessdate=April 27, 2009|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090114181322/http://www.libs.uga.edu/darchive/hargrett/maps/1584o6.jpg|archivedate=January 14, 2009}}</ref> Map e dere n'afọ 1695 gosipụtara ebe ahụ dị ka '''''Bahia Tampa'''''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.libs.uga.edu/darchive/hargrett/maps/1695c6.jpg|title=University of Georgia Libraries, Hargrett Rare Books and Manuscript Library: 1695 Spanish Map|accessdate=April 27, 2009|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090624152536/http://www.libs.uga.edu/darchive/hargrett/maps/1695c6.jpg|archivedate=June 24, 2009}}</ref> Map ndị e mechara dee n'afọ 1794 na 1800 na-egosi ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri ahụ kewara aha atọ dị iche iche, Tampa Bay n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ nke ala Interbay na Hillsboro Bay n'akụkụ '''''ọwụwa''''' anyanwụ na aha zuru oke nke Bay of Spiritu Santo.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://cartweb.geography.ua.edu:9001/StyleServer/calcrgn?cat=North%20America%20and%20United%20States&item=States/Florida/Florid1794a.sid&wid=500&hei=400&props=item(Name,Description),cat(Name,Description)&style=simple/view-dhtml.xsl|title=Historical Map Archive: The Peninsula and Gulf of Florida, or New Bahama Channel, with the Bahama Islands|accessdate=April 27, 2009|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090214120512/http://cartweb.geography.ua.edu:9001/StyleServer/calcrgn?cat=North%20America%20and%20United%20States&item=States%2FFlorida%2FFlorid1794a.sid&wid=500&hei=400&props=item%28Name%2CDescription%29%2Ccat%28Name%2CDescription%29&style=simple%2Fview-dhtml.xsl|archivedate=February 14, 2009}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.libs.uga.edu/darchive/hargrett/maps/1800e8.jpg|title=University of Georgia Libraries, Hargrett Rare Books and Manuscript Library: An exact map of North and South Carolina & Georgia, with East and West Florida|accessdate=April 27, 2009|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100601002829/http://www.libs.uga.edu/darchive/hargrett/maps/1800e8.jpg|archivedate=June 1, 2010}}</ref> N'oge ndị ọzọ, a maara ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri ahụ dum dị ka '''Ọwara'''<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Swanton|first=John R.|title=De Soto's First Headquarters in Florida|journal=The Florida Historical Quarterly|date=April 1952|volume=30|issue=4|url=http://palmm.digital.flvc.org/islandora/object/ucf%3A22345|accessdate=30 January 2023}}</ref> nke Tocobaga. === Nchịkwa United States === United States nwetara Florida n'aka Spain n'afọ 1821. Aha Spirito Santo yiri ka ọ lara n'iyi na map nke mpaghara ahụ maka "Tampa Bay" (mgbe ụfọdụ kewara na Tampa na Hillsboro Bays) n'oge na-adịghị anya mgbe US guzobere Fort Brooke n'ọnụ Osimiri Hillsborough n'afọ 1824.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://cartweb.geography.ua.edu:9001/StyleServer/calcrgn?cat=North%20America%20and%20United%20States&item=States/Florida/Florid1833a.sid&wid=500&hei=400&props=item(Name,Description),cat(Name,Description)&style=simple/view-dhtml.xsl|title=Historical Map Archive: 1933 Map of Florida by A. Finley, Philadelphia|accessdate=April 27, 2009|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090214125814/http://cartweb.geography.ua.edu:9001/StyleServer/calcrgn?cat=North%20America%20and%20United%20States&item=States%2FFlorida%2FFlorid1833a.sid&wid=500&hei=400&props=item%28Name%2CDescription%29%2Ccat%28Name%2CDescription%29&style=simple%2Fview-dhtml.xsl|archivedate=February 14, 2009}}</ref> N'ime iri afọ ole na ole sochirinụ, n'oge Agha Seminole, Tampa Bay ga-abụ isi ihe esemokwu, njide, na ịchụpụ ndị Seminole & Miccosukee nke Florida. Fort Brooke, Fort Dade, na ụlọ ọrụ ndị agha Amerika dị iche iche Egmont Key bụ ebe ndị isi metụtara iwepụ Seminole na akụkụ Floridian nke Trail of Tears.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Morrow|first=Emerald|title='We're not extinct': Seminole Tribe of Florida highlights Tampa history for Indigenous People's Day|url=https://www.wtsp.com/article/news/local/seminole-tribe-of-florida-tampa-indigenous-peoples-day|publisher=Channel 10 News, Tampa Bay|accessdate=9 September 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=Guzzo|first=Paul|title=Seminole Tribe searches for remains of ancestors on Egmont Key|url=https://www.tampabay.com/news/humaninterest/seminole-tribe-searches-for-remains-of-ancestors-on-egmont-key/2317695/|work=The Tampa Bay Times|publisher=The Tampa Bay Times|accessdate=9 September 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=Guzzo|first=Paul|title=They can't turn back waves, but USF and Seminoles are preserving Egmont Key in digital form|url=https://www.tampabay.com/florida/2019/05/17/they-cant-turn-back-waves-but-usf-and-seminoles-are-preserving-egmont-key-in-digital-form/|work=The Tampa Bay Times|publisher=The Tampa Bay Times|accessdate=9 September 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=Simpson|first=Linda|title=Seminole Trails of Tears|url=http://www.seminolenation-indianterritory.org/trailoftears.htm|work=Seminole Nation, Indian Territory|publisher=Seminole Nation, Indian Territory|accessdate=9 September 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=O'Brian|first=Bill|title=National Wildlife Refuges Along the Trail of Tears|url=https://www.fws.gov/story/national-wildlife-refuges-along-trail-tears|work=U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service|publisher=U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service|accessdate=9 September 2022}}</ref> N'ime afọ narị sochirinụ, e guzobere ọtụtụ obodo ọhụrụ gburugburu ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri ahụ. Fort Brooke mụrụ Tampa n'ụsọ oké osimiri n'ebe ugwu ọwụwa anyanwụ, Fort Harrison (obere ogige ndị agha n'ụsoro oké osimiri ọdịda anyanwụ Florida) mụrụ Clearwater, ebe azụmahịa nke "Braden's Town" ghọrọ Bradenton n'ebe ndịda, St. Petersburg toro ngwa ngwa mgbe e guzobesịrị ya na ngwụcha narị afọ nke 19, n'ụsoropo ọdịda anyanwụ nke Tampa. Ka ọ na-erule afọ 2010, okirikiri Tampa Bay bụ ebe obibi nke ihe karịrị nde mmadụ anọ bi. === Ụgbọ njem === ==== Site n'oké osimiri ==== Ka Tampa malitere itolite n'etiti afọ 1800, okporo ụzọ gafere etiti Florida ka bụ naanị ụzọ siri ike na ụzọ ụgbọ okporo ígwè agbataghị na mpaghara Florida, yabụ ụzọ kachasị mfe maka ịga na ịpụ n'ógbè ahụ bụ site n'oké osimiri. Ka ọ na-erule ngwụcha narị afọ nke iri na itoolu, Otú ọ dị, ọdịdị na-adịghị omimi nke Tampa Bay mere ka ọ ghara ikwe omume maka nnukwu ụgbọ mmiri nke oge a nwere mmiri miri emi iru obodo Tampa na Hillsboro Bay. Ọtụtụ ụgbọ mmiri ga-esi n'ikpere mmiri gbado nke ọma ma bufee ibu na ndị njem n'ime obere ụgbọ mmiri na-ebuga na isi obodoi.<ref name="usf.edu"/> Ụgbọ okporo ígwè Henry B. Plant rutere ebe ahụ n'afọ 1884 wee gafee Interbay Peninsula gaa Old Tampa Bay, ebe o wuru obodo na ụlọ ọrụ ụgbọ mmiri nke Port Tampa na njedebe ya.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://plantmuseum.com/henry-plant-museum/southern-empire|title=Henry Plant's Southern Empire|work=plantmuseum.com|accessdate=12 April 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150403214523/http://plantmuseum.com/henry-plant-museum/southern-empire|archivedate=3 April 2015}}</ref> N'afọ 1898, Plant jiri njikọ ya na gọọmentị etiti mee ka Port Tampa bụrụ isi ebe mbata maka ndị agha US n'oge Agha Spanish na America, nke dugara na US Congress na-ewepụta ego maka ndị agha United States Army Corps of Engineers iji malite nnukwu ọrụ mbu na Tampa Bay. E mepụtara ụzọ ụgbọ mmiri miri emi nke jikọtara Port Tampa na ọnụ ọnụ mmiri ahụ, na-enyere Plant aka ịgbasawanye ụgbọ mmiri ya nke ukwuu.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://baysoundings.com/legacy-archives/wint06/channel.html|title=Corps, Port Consider Channel Widening Options|publisher=Baysoundings.com|accessdate=5 September 2015|archiveurl=http://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/20150907231539/http://baysoundings.com/legacy-archives/wint06/channel.html|archivedate=7 September 2015}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://plantmuseum.com/henry-plant-museum/the-war|title=The Spanish–American War|work=plantmuseum.com|accessdate=12 April 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150217165242/http://plantmuseum.com/henry-plant-museum/the-war|archivedate=17 February 2015}}</ref> N'afọ 1917, Corps of Engineers wepụrụ ọwa ọzọ site n'ọnụ Tampa Bay ruo n'ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri Tampa, na-eme ka obodo ahụ bụrụ ebe mbupu dị mkpa ozugbo. Corps of Engineers ugbu a na-elekọta ihe karịrị kilomita iri asatọ nke ọwa mmiri miri emi na Tampa Bay ruo omimi nke mita Iri anọ na asaa. A ga-anọgide na-agbanye ma na-eme ka ha dị omimi n'ihi ọdịdị ájá nke ala ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri. Ọ bụ ezie na draedging emeela ka azụmahịa n'oké osimiri bụrụ akụkụ dị mkpa nke akụ na ụba mpaghara Tampa Bay, ọ mebiri ogo mmiri na gburugburu ebe obibi. E nlezianya ka ukwuu n'ime iri afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya iji belata mmetụta gburugburu ebe obibi nke draging.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.tbep.org/pdfs/ctc/Dredging-and-Dredged-Material-Management.pdf|title=Dredging and Dredged: Material Management|accessdate=2015-03-23|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402093406/http://www.tbep.org/pdfs/ctc/Dredging-and-Dredged-Material-Management.pdf|archivedate=2015-04-02}}</ref> A na-ejikwa ihe ndị e wepụrụ n'ala mepụta ọtụtụ agwaetiti na-apụnara mmadụ ihe n'akụkụ ọwụwa anyanwụ nke Hillsboro Bay. Agwaetiti ndị a aghọwo ebe dị mkpa maka ọtụtụ nnụnụ mmiri, gụnyere ụdị ndị na-eyi egwu dị ka oystercatchers, a họpụtakwara ha dị ka "àgwàetiti dị nsọ" nke ndị na-enweghị ike ịhapụ ndị na-agba ụgbọ mmiri.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://fl.audubon.org/sanctuary-islands|title=Sanctuary Islands|work=audubon.org|accessdate=12 April 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402175152/http://fl.audubon.org/sanctuary-islands|archivedate=2 April 2015}}</ref><ref name="dredgewithcare">{{Cite web|url=http://tbo.com/news/business/port-tampa-bay-has-to-dredge-with-care-in-nesting-season-20150411/|title=Port Tampa Bay has to dredge with care in nesting season|work=Tampa Tribune|date=12 April 2015|accessdate=12 April 2015|author=Hammett, Yvette|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160226052618/http://www.tbo.com/news/business/port-tampa-bay-has-to-dredge-with-care-in-nesting-season-20150411/|archivedate=26 February 2016}}</ref> ===== Ọdụ Ụgbọ Mmiri na Tampa Bay ===== * Port Tampa Bay (nke a maara dị ka Port of Tampa ruo 2014): ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri kachasị ochie na Tampa Bay, nwere ike ịchọta mgbọrọgwụ ya na '''ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri''' nke Fort Brooke na 1820s. Ugbu a ọ dị n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ na ndịda ọwụwawụwa anyanwụ nke etiti Tampa na Hillsboro na McKay Bays. Ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri kachasị ukwuu na Florida; nke 10 kachasị na mba ahụ. Port Tampa Bay na-anabata ọkara nke ibu Florida n'ụdị buru ibu, roll-on / roll-off, refrigerated na container cargo, na ngwaahịa mmanụ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.tampabay.com/news/business/energy/port-of-tampa-unveils-new-55-million-petroleum-terminal/2149912|title=Port of Tampa will fuel region with new $56 million petroleum terminal|work=Tampa Bay Times|accessdate=12 April 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924135558/http://www.tampabay.com/news/business/energy/port-of-tampa-unveils-new-55-million-petroleum-terminal/2149912|archivedate=24 September 2015}}</ref> Ebe obibi maka nnukwu ụlọ ọrụ na-arụzi ụgbọ mmiri na ụlọ ọrụ na ọtụtụ ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri.<ref>{{Cite web|title=About the Tampa Port Authority|url=http://www.tampaport.com/about-port-tampa-bay.aspx|accessdate=5 September 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150916041116/http://www.tampaport.com/about-port-tampa-bay.aspx|archivedate=16 September 2015}}</ref> * Port Tampa: Henry B. Plant guzobere ya na 1885 na njedebe nke ụzọ ụgbọ okporo ígwè Plant System n'akụkụ ọwụwa anyanwụ nke Old Tampa Bay. E kpuchiri ya na tonnage na mkpa site na ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri Tampa na mbido afọ 1900, mana ọ ka bụ ebe dị mkpa maka mmanụ ụgbọ elu nke a na-ebugharị na ọdụ ụgbọ elu Tampa International na MacDill Air Force Base dị nso. * '''Port Manatee''': Ọ dị n'ụsọ oké osimiri ndịda nke Lower Tampa Bay. Ihe ka ọtụtụ n'ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri na-ekpo ọkụ n'ọdụ mmiri ọ bụla nke Gulf of Mexico. Ọ bụ onye nke ise n'ime ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri iri na anọ nke Florida na ngụkọta nke ibu kwa afọ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.portmanatee.com/About-Us/Port-Facts|title=Port Facts|publisher=portmanatee.com|accessdate=12 April 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402162713/http://www.portmanatee.com/About-Us/Port-Facts|archivedate=2 April 2015}}</ref> * '''Ọdụ Ụgbọ Mmiri''' St. Petersburg: Ọ dị n'akụkụ mmiri St. Petersburg na Old Tampa Bay ma bụrụ nke obodo ahụ na-arụ ọrụ. Nke kachasị nta n'ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri Florida, na-ejikarị ụgbọ mmiri onwe. Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ nke US Coast Guard.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.stpete.org/parks_and_recreation/marina/the_port.php|title=Port St. Pete - St. Petersburg|work=www.stpete.org|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150401012222/http://www.stpete.org/parks_and_recreation/marina/the_port.php|archivedate=2015-04-01}}</ref> ==== Site n'ala ==== [[Usòrò:SunshineSkyway_ALB.jpg|thumb|Sunshine Skyway site na ndịda ya, St. Petersburg n'ebe dị anya.]] Na mbido narị afọ nke Iri abụọ , ịgagharị n'ala n'etiti obodo ndị na-eto eto gburugburu Tampa Bay bụ usoro siri ike. Njem ahụ n'etiti Tampa na St. Petersburg fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ kilomita Iri ise (kilomita 80) gburugburu njedebe ugwu nke Old Tampa Bay ma were ihe ruru awa iri na abuo site na ụgbọ okporo ígwè na ihe karịrị otu ụbọchị zuru ezu n'okporo ụzọ ndị a na-ejighị n'aka site na ụgbọ ala.<ref name="smith">{{Cite web|url=https://airandspace.si.edu/exhibitions/america-by-air/online/early_years/early_years01.cfm|title=The World's First Scheduled Airline|publisher=Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum|date=2007|accessdate=23 August 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151002094011/https://airandspace.si.edu/exhibitions/america-by-air/online/early_years/early_years01.cfm|archivedate=2 October 2015}}</ref><ref name="FHQ">{{Cite journal|title=The St. Petersburg-Tampa Airboat Line|author=Provenzo. Jr. , Eugene F.|journal=The Florida Historical Quarterly|date=July 1979|volume=58|issue=1|pages=72–77}}</ref> Njem ahụ dị n'etiti St. Petersburg na Bradenton dị ọbụna karịa kilomita iri asaa(kilomita otu narị na iri ) gburugburu Tampa Bay, njem nke ka were ihe dị ka awa abụọ n'ime afọ 1950.<ref name="sunshine">{{Cite news|url=http://www.tampabay.com/news/transportation/spectacular-sunshine-skyway-replaced-ferryboats-in-1954/1045440|title=Spectacular Sunshine Skyway replaced ferryboats in 1954|work=Tampa Bay Times|date=20 October 2009|accessdate=23 August 2015|author=Blizin, Jerry}}</ref> N'afọ 1924, Gandy Bridge n'elu Old Tampa Bay belatara anya ịkwọ ụgbọala n'etiti Tampa na St. Petersburg ruo kilomita iri na itoolu (31).<ref>[https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=F-0NAAAAIBAJ&sjid=BnYDAAAAIBAJ&pg=5443%2C842399 George Gandy Sr. Made $1,932,000 Span Possible] St. Petersburg Times, April 18, 1956</ref> Afọ iri ka e mesịrị, e wuru Davis Causeway (nke e mechara kpọwa Courtney Campbell Causeway) n'etiti Clearwater na Tampa. Àkwà mmiri ndị ọzọ gafere Tampa Bay n'ime iri afọ ndị sochirinụ, na-eme njem n'etiti obodo ndị gbara ya gburugburu ngwa ngwa ma na-akwalite mmepe akụ na ụba nke mpaghara Tampa Bay. ===== Àkwà mmiri ndị gafere Tampa Bay ===== * Sunshine Skyway Bridge: Emeghe ya n'afọ 1954. Ọ na-agafe Lower Tampa Bay site na Bradenton n'ebe ndịda ruo St. Petersburg n'ebe ugwu, na-ebelata oge njem n'etiti Manatee na Pinellas Counties. Akụkụ nke I-275 & US 19. * Gandy Bridge: Emeghere ya n'afọ 1924 ('''àkwà mmiri''' mbụ n'okporo ụzọ Tampa Bay). Ọ gafere Old Tampa Bay site na Tampa n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ ruo St. Petersburg n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ. Akụkụ nke US ụzọ nke iri itoolu na abuo. * Howard Frankland Bridge: Emeghere ya n'afọ 1960. Ọ gafere n'etiti Old Tampa Bay site na Tampa n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ ruo St. Pete n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ. Akụkụ nke I-275. * '''Courtney Campbell Causeway''': Emeghere ya n'afọ 1934. Ọ na-agafe n'ebe ugwu Old Tampa Bay site na Tampa n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ ruo Clearwater n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ. Akụkụ nke Florida State Road 60. * Bayside Bridge: Emeghe ya n'afọ 1993. Ọ na-agba n'akụkụ ọdịda anyanwụ nke Old Tampa Bay site na Largo / St. Petersburg n'ebe ndịda ruo Clearwater n'ebe ugwu. E wuru ya iji nyere aka belata mkpọchi okporo ụzọ na US-19 dị nso. * <nowiki><b id="mwAZc">22nd Street Causeway</b></nowiki>: Emeghere ya na 1926. Akụkụ àkwà mmiri gafere ọnụ McKay Bay dị nso na Port Tampa Bay. Akụkụ nke US Route 41. [[Usòrò:Benoist_xiv.jpg|thumb|Tony Jannus na-akwọ ụgbọelu mbụ a haziri ahazi n'ụwa n'elu Tampa Bay, 1914. Ụgbọelu ahụ bụ Benoist XIV.]] Ihe isi ike nke njem n'etiti Tampa na St. Petersburg na mmalite narị afọ nke iri abuo kpaliri ọrụ ụgbọ elu mbụ a haziri ahazi n'ụwa, St. Petersburg-Tampa Airboat Line, nke rụrụ ọrụ n'oge oge njem nleta nke 1914.<ref name="smith"/><ref name="FHQ"/> Ọ bụ ezie na iwu àkwà mmiri mere ka njem ụgbọelu gafee Tampa Bay bụrụ ihe na-adịghị mkpa, e wuru ọtụtụ ọdụ ụgbọ elu n'akụkụ osimiri. E guzobere ọdụ ụgbọ elu Albert Whitted na St. Petersburg waterfront na ọdụ ụgbọ elu Peter O. Knight na Davis Island dị nso n'etiti obodo Tampa n'afọ 1930s. , Tampa International Airport na St. Pete–Clearwater International ọdụ ụgbọ elu e hiwere n'akụkụ nke ọzọ nke Old Tampa Bay, na MacDill Air Force Base meghere na ndịda n'ọnụ ọnụ Tampa's Interbay Peninsula. == Hụkwa ihe ọzọ == {{Clear}} == Edensibia == <references responsive="1"></references> == Njikọ mpụga == * [http://www.tampabay.wateratlas.usf.edu/ Atụmatụ Mmiri nke Tampa Bay] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20100303021650/http://www.protectingourwater.org/watersheds/map/tampa_bay/ Mmiri nke Tampa Bay Florida DEP] {{Tampa Bay Area}}{{Coastal Waters of Florida}}{{Authority control}} [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] squ4exsynqq6bogdlkqzsyrqcobnn6e 0 25606 644042 199479 2026-05-30T14:17:18Z Chiziqa 13055 Fixed reference error 644042 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Usòrò:UK_traffic_sign_TA4754.H.svg|thumb|Ihe nnọchianya na akara okporo ụzọ na-agwa ndị ọkwọ ụgbọala banyere Ultra Low Emission Zone]] Ultra Low Emission Zone ('''ULEZ''') bụ '''mpaghara''' dị na [[London]], England ébé a na-akwụ ụgwọ màkà ịkwọ ụgbọala ndị na-emetọkarị. E mèrè atụmatụ n'okpuru Ónyé isi obodo Boris Johnson ma Sadiq Khan webatara ya n'ọnwa Eprel afọ 2019 na Central [[London]], na-ekpuchi otu mpaghara ahụ dị ka ụgwọ mkpọchi. N'ime ọnwa anọ na-esote iwebata ya, e nwèrè mbelata pasenti iri abụọ na ikuku [nkọwa dị mkpa] na Central London na ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ụgbọala kachasị njọ na-emetọ ikuku si na puku iri atọ na ise na narị isii ruo puku iri abụọ na atọ.<ref name="4monthreport" /><ref name="standardeffects" /> Agbanyeghị, ọtụtụ nnyocha na-atụ aro na ULEZ kpatara naanị obere mmelite na ogo ikuku.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=London's Ultra Low Emission Zone resulted in only 'marginal' air quality improvements shortly after it was introduced|url=https://news.sky.com/story/londons-ultra-low-emission-zone-resulting-in-only-marginal-air-quality-improvements-12469903|accessdate=2022-12-09|work=Sky News|language=en}}</ref> N'ọnwa Ọgọstụ 2023, ọ ga-agbasa iji kpuchie Greater London niile. == Atụmatụ ịkwụ ụgwọ ugbu a == Ụgwọ £ 12.50 na-emetụta awa iri abụọ na anọ n'ụbọchị kwà ụbọchị n'afọ, ma dabere na ụkpụrụ ikuku nke Europe: * Ọgba tum tum ndị na-erubeghị ụkpụrụ Euro atọ (ọtụtụ ụgbọala tupu afọ 2007). * Ụgbọala na ụgbọala ndị na-erughị ụkpụrụ Euro anọ (ọtụtụ ụgbọala tupu afọ 2006). * Ụgbọala diesel na vans ndị na-erughị ụkpụrụ Euro isií (ọtụtụ ụgbọala tupu afọ 2015) * Bọs, ụgbọ ala na gwongworo ga-ezute ma ọ bụ gafee ụkpụrụ Euro VI ma ọ bụ kwụọ £ 100 kwà ụbọchị == Akụkọ ihe mere eme na atụmatụ ịgbasawanye == [[Usòrò:Sign_for_London_ultra_low_emission_zone_(geograph_6183970).jpg|thumb|Ihe ịrịba ama na-adọ ndị ọkwọ ụgbọala aka ná ntị na ha na-aga ịbanye na Ultra Low Emission Zone na Congestion Charging Zone]] A na-atụle atụmatụ màkà mpaghara ikuku dị oke ala kemgbe afọ 2014 n'okpuru Ónyé isi obodo Boris Johnson.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Harvey|first=Fiona|date=29 July 2014|title=Diesel drivers may face higher costs in pollution battle|work=The Guardian|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/jul/29/diesel-drivers-may-face-higher-costs-pollution-battle|accessdate=29 July 2014}}</ref> N'ọnwa Febụwarị 2017, Ónyé isi obodo Sadiq Khan kwupụtara atụmatụ ịgbasa Ultra Low Emission Zone n'ọnwa Eprel afọ 2019 gafere Central London, otu afọ tupu ógè. Ndị ọkwọ ụgbọala anaghị akwụ ma ULEZ na £ 10 T-ụgwọ gara aga, mànà ha ka nọ n'okpuru ụgwọ London Congestion Charge.<ref name="TCharge">{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2017/feb/17/london-to-introduce-vehicle-pollution-charge-in-october-says-mayor-sadiq-khan|title=London to introduce £10 vehicle pollution charge, says Sadiq Khan|first=Rowena|author=Mason|work=[[The Guardian]]|date=17 February 2017|accessdate=23 February 2017}}</ref><ref name="NYT02172017">{{Cite news|author=de Reytas-Tamura|first=Kimiko|date=17 February 2017|title=A Push for Diesel Leaves London Gasping Amid Record Pollution|work=[[The New York Times]]|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/02/17/world/europe/london-smog-air-pollution.html?_r=0|accessdate=23 February 2017}}</ref> A na-etinye ego e nwetara site na ULEZ na netwọk njem na imeziwanye ikuku na London.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.london.gov.uk//press-releases/mayoral/ulez-launches-in-central-london|title=World's first 24 hour Ultra Low Emission Zone starts in London|date=April 8, 2019|work=London City Hall}}</ref> === Ọgọstụ 2023 mgbasawanye === A ga-agbasawanye mpaghara ahụ n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ afọ 2023 iji kpuchie Greater London niile. TfL na-eme atụmatụ na a ga-ewepụ ụgbọala puku iri abụọ na puku iri anọ n'okporo ụzọ n'ihi mmụba ahụ. Khan kwuru "Nke a bụkwa ókwú ikpe ziri ezi nke ọha na eze na mmetọ ikuku na-emetụta obodo ndị kasị daa ogbenye. Ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ọkara nke ndị London enweghị ụgbọ ala, mànà ha na-eche na ọ ga-emebi ihe na-emetọ ụgbọala.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Lydall|first=Ross|date=2022-03-08|title=ULEZ to expand across all of Greater London|url=https://www.standard.co.uk/news/london/ulez-ultra-low-emission-zone-expand-greater-london-sadiq-khan-b986027.html|accessdate=2023-04-08|work=Evening Standard|language=en}}</ref> == Mmetụta == === Mmetụta na mmetọ ikuku === E webatara mpaghara ahụ n'ubochi asatọ n'ọnwa Eprel 2019 ma mee ka mbelata pasenti iri abụọ nke ikuku [nkọwa dị mkpa] site na Julaị 2019.<ref name="bbculezbegins" /><ref name="standardeffects">{{Cite web|author=Bayley|first=Sian|date=July 23, 2019|title=London pollution: High levels detected by 40% of capital's air quality|url=https://www.standard.co.uk/futurelondon/cleanair/high-pollution-levels-detected-by-40-of-londons-air-quality-sensor-networks-a4196811.html|work=Evening Standard}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFBayley2019">Bayley, Sian (23 July 2019). [https://www.standard.co.uk/futurelondon/cleanair/high-pollution-levels-detected-by-40-of-londons-air-quality-sensor-networks-a4196811.html "London pollution: High levels detected by 40% of capital's air quality"]. ''Evening Standard''.</cite></ref> Site n'afo 2016 ruo 2020, mmetọ NO2 dara okpukpu ise ngwa ngwa na Central London dị ka ọ mèrè na UK ndị ọzọ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.london.gov.uk//press-releases/mayoral/5x-greater-reduction-in-toxic-no2-in-london|title=5 times greater reduction in NO2 in London than rest of the country|date=August 7, 2020|work=London City Hall}}</ref> Otú ọ dị, nnyocha sitere na Imperial College London chọpụtara na ULEZ kpatara naanị obere mmelite na ikuku mgbè etinyere ya.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|author=Ma|first=Liang|date=2021-12-01|title=Has the ultra low emission zone in London improved air quality?|journal=Environmental Research Letters|volume=16|issue=12|pages=124001|doi=10.1088/1748-9326/ac30c1|issn=1748-9326}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFMaGrahamStettler2021">Ma, Liang; Graham, Daniel J; Stettler, Marc E J (1 December 2021). [[doi:10.1088/1748-9326/ac30c1|"Has the ultra low emission zone in London improved air quality?"]]. ''Environmental Research Letters''. '''16''' (12): 124001. [[Digital object identifier|doi]]:<span class="cs1-lock-free" title="Freely accessible">[[doi:10.1088/1748-9326/ac30c1|10.1088/1748-9326/ac30c1]]</span>. [[ISSN (ihe njirimara)|ISSN]]&nbsp;[[issn:1748-9326|1748-9326]]. [[S2CID (ihe njirimara)|S2CID]]&nbsp;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:244169411 244169411].</cite></ref><ref name=":1" /> O kwuru na e nweela ihe na-agbadata ogologo ógè na ọkwa mmetọ ikuku nkè London ma kwuo na ULEZ n'onwe ya abụghị usoro dị irè màkà imeziwanye ikuku.<ref name=":0" /> [[Usòrò:Contributors_to_London_air_pollution.png|thumb|NOx na-esi na njem okporo ụzọ na Greater London (ókè GLA) site na 2013 ruo 2019<ref>{{Cite web|date=2 March 2022|title=Diesel cars pollutes more than trucks & lorries combined|url=https://cleancitiescampaign.org/2022/03/03/diesel-cars-cause-three-times-as-much-pollution-as-hgvs/|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220522063824/https://cleancitiescampaign.org/2022/03/03/diesel-cars-cause-three-times-as-much-pollution-as-hgvs/|archivedate=22 May 2022|work=Clean Cities}}</ref>]] === Mmetụta na nọmba ụgbọala === Ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ụgbọala ndị na-emetọ ikuku kachasị njọ na-abanye na mpaghara ahụ kwa ụbọchị si na puku iri atọ na ise na narị ise na iri asaa na asatọ, n'ọnwa Machị afọ 2019, ruo puku iri abụọ na isii na narị na iri itoolu na ise na Eprel nke otu afọ ahụ, mgbe ewepụtara ebubo ahụ.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Taylor|first=Matthew|date=May 16, 2019|title=ULEZ cuts number of worst polluting cars in central London|work=The Guardian|url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2019/may/16/ulez-cuts-number-of-worst-polluting-cars-in-central-london}}</ref> Ọnụ ọgụgụ ahụ gbadatara ruo 23,054 na July 2019.<ref name="4monthreport">{{Cite web|url=https://www.london.gov.uk/sites/default/files/central_london_ulez_4_month_report.pdf|title=Central London Ultra Low Emission Zone - Four month report}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://www.london.gov.uk/sites/default/files/central_london_ulez_4_month_report.pdf "Central London Ultra Low Emission Zone - Four month report"] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>.</cite></ref> Ọnụ ọgụgụ ụgbọ ala ndị gbasoro ụkpụrụ ahụ rịrị elu site na 61% na Machị 2019 ruo 74% na Septemba 2019.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.london.gov.uk/sites/default/files/ulez_six_month_evaluation_report_final_oct.pdf|title=Central London Ultra Low Emission Zone - Six Month Report}}</ref> Ọ gara n'ihu rịa elu ruo 85% na Disemba 2020, gụnyere 90% maka ụgbọala, na ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ụgbọala ndị na-adịghị agbaso iwu dara ruo ihe dị ka 12,000 (nke 4,000 na-enweghị ụgwọ ahụ).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.london.gov.uk/press-releases/mayoral/new-tighter-lez-standards-for-hgvs-in-london|title=New tighter Low Emission Zone standards for HGVS introduced in London|date=March 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=ULEZ Online Fact Sheet|url=https://content.tfl.gov.uk/ulez-online-factsheet-oct20-dec20.pdf|work=tfl.gov.uk|accessdate=25 October 2021}}</ref> Ọnụ ọgụgụ ngụkọta nke ụgbọala na-abanye Central London kwa ụbọchị sikwa n'ihe karịrị otu narị puku na iri abụọ na Febụwarị 2017 daa ruo puku iri asatọ na itoolu na Eprel 2019.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.london.gov.uk//press-releases/mayoral/almost-three-quarters-complying-with-new-standards|title=First month of Mayor's ULEZ sees 74 per cent of vehicles comply|date=May 16, 2019|work=London City Hall}}</ref> == Mmeghachi omume == A kọwawo Ultra Low Emission Zone dị ka otu n'ime iwu mgbochi mmetọ kachasị njọ n'ụwa.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Edwards|first=Tom|title=ULEZ: The most radical plan you've never heard of|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-london-47638862|accessdate=26 March 2019|work=BBC News Website|publisher=BBC}}</ref> Nnyocha e mere n'ọnwa Eprel 2019 site na YouGov chọpụtara na percent iri asaa na abuo nke ndị London kwadoro iji ụgwọ ikuku na-akwụ ụgwọ iji dozie ma [[mmetọ ikuku]] na mkpọchi.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2019/apr/08/londoners-back-charging-dirty-drivers-says-air-pollution-study-ulez|title=Londoners support charging 'dirty' drivers, says air pollution study|first=Matthew|author=Taylor|work=The Guardian|date=April 8, 2019}}</ref> Otú ọ dị, Federation of Small Businesses kwuru na ọtụtụ obere ụlọ ọrụ "na-echegbu onwe ha maka ọdịnihu nke azụmaahịa ha" n'ihi "ibu ego ọzọ".<ref name="bbculezbegins">{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-london-47815117|title=ULEZ: New pollution charge begins in London|work=BBC News|date=April 8, 2019}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-london-47815117 "ULEZ: New pollution charge begins in London"]. ''BBC News''. 8 April 2019.</cite></ref> === Nnwere Onwe === Ndị bi na mpaghara ahụ akwụghị ụgwọ ahụ ruo n'ọnwa Ọktoba 2021 ọ bụrụhaala na edebanyere aha ha màkà ego nkwụsịtụ nke ndị bi na ya ma zute ụkpụrụ T-ụgwọ. Ụgbọala ndị nọ na klas ụtụ isi "ndị nwéré nkwarụ" anaghị akwụ ụgwọ ahụ, dị ka tagzi ndị nwere ikikere na London, ụgbọ ala ndị mmadụ na-akwụ ụgwọ nke nwéré óche nkwagharị na ụgbọ ala akụkọ ihe mere eme (ihe karịrị afọ irí anọ). Enwekwara nnwere onwè màkà ụgbọala ugbo, ụgbọala ndị agha, ụdị ụfọdụ nke ụgbọala na-agagharị agagharị na ụgbọala ndị na-abụghị ndị na-aga n'okporo ụzọ nke a na-ekwe ka ha na-akwọ ụgbọala n'okpọ ụzọ awara awara (dịka ndị na-egwu ala).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.tfl.gov.uk/modes/driving/ultra-low-emission-zone/discounts-and-exemptions|title=Discounts and exemptions|work=Transport for London}}</ref> == Hụkwa == * Ebe Mmiri Dị Ọcha * London Low Emission Zone (LEZ) == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * [https://ulez.co.uk/ulez-expansion-2023/ ULEZ.co.uk - ULEZ mgbasawanye] * [https://tfl.gov.uk/modes/driving/ultra-low-emission-zone/ulez-where-and-when Transport for London - ULEZ: Ebee na mgbe] * [https://tfl.gov.uk/modes/driving/ultra-low-emission-zone/ulez-expansion Transport maka London - ULEZ mgbasawanye] [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] px91azffz9s5wdtih696fvtii6mc7wl 0 25637 644293 111698 2026-05-30T20:26:38Z Sylvaline39 15355 fixed reference error 644293 wikitext text/x-wiki X cy [[Usòrò:黄砂解説図.png|thumb|320x320px|Uzuzu China na-efegharị n'ógbè ndị kpọrọ nkụ nke ala China ma na-agba n'ikuku iji gbadaa na mpaghara ndị dị ka Japan.<ref>{{Cite web|title=気象庁｜黄砂に関する基礎知識|url=https://www.data.jma.go.jp/gmd/env/kosahp/4-4kosa.html|accessdate=2021-01-02|work=www.data.jma.go.jp|language=JA}}</ref>]] '''Uzuzu Eshia''' (nke a na-akpọkwa '''uzuzu odo''', '''ájá''' odo, ifufe odo ma ọ bụ oké '''ifufe''' uzuzu China) bụ ihe na-eme n'ogè ihu igwe nké na-emetụta ọtụtụ n'ime East Asia n'afọ niile ma karịsịa n'ogè ọnwa opupu ihe ubi. Uzuzu ahụ sitere n'ọzara nke [[China]], Mongolia, na [[Kazakhstan]], ébé ifufe na-agba ọsọ na oké ifufe uzuzu na-eme ka igwe ojii dị mma, nke kpọrọ nkụ. A na-eburu igwe ojii ndị a gaa N'ébé ọwụwa anyanwụ site na ifufe na-efe efe ma gafee China, North na South Korea, na [[Japan]], ya na akụkụ nkè Russian Far East. Mgbè ụfọdụ, a na-ebugharị ihe ndị dị n'ikuku karịa, na oke dị ukwuu nké na-emetụta ogo ikuku ruo n'ébé ọwụwa anyanwụ dị ka United States. Kemgbe mbido nke narị afọ nke iri abụọ na otu, na-adaba na mmepe ngwa ngwa nke China, uzuzu odo aghọwo nnukwu nsogbu ahụike n'ihi mmụba nke mmetọ ụlọ ọrụ dị n'ime uzuzu. Ọzara na-arịwanye elu n'ihi mgbukpọ ọhịa anọwo na-akpata ogologo ógè na ugboro ugboro. Nsogbu ahụ emeela ka njọ ka Oké Osimiri Aral nke Kazakhstan na Uzbekistan kpọrọ nkụ. Nké a bidoro n'afọ ndị 1960 site na ntụgharị nke Osimiri Amu na Osimiri Syr, dị ka akụkụ nke mmemme ọrụ ugbo Soviet iji gbaa ọzara Central Asia mmiri, ọkachasị màkà ubi owuwe ihe ubi. == Akụkọ oge ochie == A na-edekọ ọtụtụ n'ime ihe ndekọ ndị mbụ e dere banyeré ọrụ nke uzuzu n'akwụkwọ ndị China ógè ochie.<ref name=":1">Goudie, A.S. and Middleton, N.J. 1992. The changing frequency of dust storms through time. Climatic Change 20(3):197–225.</ref> Ekwenyere na a chọtara ihe ndekọ mbụ nke China na Zhu Shu Ji Nian (Chinese: 竹书纪年; English: Bamboo Annals).<ref name=":2">Liu Tungsheng, Gu Xiongfei, [[An Zhisheng]] and Fan Yongxiang. 1981. The dust fall in Beijing, China, on April 18. 1981. In: Péwé, T.L. (ed), Desert dust: origin, characteristics, and effect on man, Geological Society of America, Special Paper 186, pp. 149–157.</ref> Ihe ndekọ ahụ kwuru: n'afọ nké ise nke Di Xin (1150 BC, Di Xin bụ Aha Ógé nke Eze Di Xin nke Shang Dynasty), mmiri zoro na Bo (Bo bụ ebe dị na Henan Province na China; na Classical Chinese: 帝辛五年,土雨于 Xia). == Ihe ndị e dere n'ime ya == Nnyocha nke igwe ojii ntụ nke Eshia nkè e mèrè na China n'afọ 2001 chọpụtara na ha nwèrè nnukwu silicon (24:32%), aluminum (5.97.4%), calcium (6.212%), na ígwè. A chọpụtakwara ọtụtụ ihe na-egbu egbu, gụnyere mercury na cadmium site na ọkụ coal. Nnyocha e mèrè n'afọ 2014 chọpụtara na uzuzu China nwèrè ezigbo uzuzu na obere uzuzu.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|author=Kang|first=Dongmug|date=April 25, 2014|title=Fine, Ultrafine, and Yellow Dust: Emerging Health Problems in Korea|journal=Journal of Korean Medical Science|volume=29|issue=5|pages=621–622|doi=10.3346/jkms.2014.29.5.621|issn=1011-8934|pmid=24851015}}</ref> Uzuzu dị mmá nwèrè re ezigbo ihe (PM). A na-ekewa ụmụ irighiri ihe ndị dị obere karịa ₁₀ μm n'obosara dị ka PM dị mma (PM10), ébé ụmụ irighari ndị dị obere karịrị 2.5 μm n"obosara na-ekewaa dị ka PM ultrafine (PM2.5). Ma obere ntụ na nke dị oke mma na-etinye ihe ize ndụ na ahụike. Akụkụ uzuzu dị mmá dị obere iji banye n'ime alveoli akpa ume. Uzuzu dị nro dị obere nke na ha na-abanye n'ime ọbara ma ọ bụ usoro lymphatic site na akpa ume. Ozugbo ha batara n'ọbara, ụmụ irighiri ihe ndị dị nro nwèrè ike iru ụbụrụ ma ọ bụ akụkụ ahụ nwa.<ref name=":0" /> == Mmetụta == [[Usòrò:Dust_storm_in_Beijing_2006.JPG|thumb|Ntinye uzuzu na Beijing n'oge oge 2006.]] === Ihe ize ndụ ahụike === Ikekwe mmetụta kachasị njọ bụ ahụike. Ọtụtụ nnyocha achọpụtala na uzuzu Eshia nwèrè mmetụta na-adịghị mmá na ọrụ iku ume ma na-amụba ọbịbịa nke ọrịa iku ume. Ọtụtụ nnyocha e mèrè na Korea na Japan lekwasịrị ányá na arụmọrụ iku ume site n'ịtụle ọnụ ọgụgụ kachasị elu nke iku ume. Nnyocha ndị a chọpụtara na ndị nwéré ọrịa iku ume dịka ụkwara ume ọkụ na-ata ahụhụ site na mmetụta kachasị njọ.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|author=Kang|first=Dongmug|date=April 25, 2014|title=Fine, Ultrafine, and Yellow Dust: Emerging Health Problems in Korea|journal=Journal of Korean Medical Science|volume=29|issue=5|pages=621–622|doi=10.3346/jkms.2014.29.5.621|issn=1011-8934|pmid=24851015}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFKangKim2014">Kang, Dongmug; Kim, Jong-Eun (April 25, 2014). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4024940 "Fine, Ultrafine, and Yellow Dust: Emerging Health Problems in Korea"]. ''Journal of Korean Medical Science''. '''29''' (5): 621–622. [[Digital object identifier|doi]]:[[doi:10.3346/jkms.2014.29.5.621|10.3346/jkms.2014.29.5.621]]. [[ISSN (ihe njirimara)|ISSN]]&nbsp;[[issn:1011-8934|1011-8934]]. [[PMC (ihe njirimara)|PMC]]&nbsp;<span class="cs1-lock-free" title="Freely accessible">[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4024940 4024940]</span>. [[PMID (ihe njirimara)|PMID]]&nbsp;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24851015 24851015].</cite></ref><ref>{{Cite journal|author=Kurai|first=Jun|date=2017-11-01|title=Estimation of the effects of heavy Asian dust on respiratory function by definition type|journal=Genes and Environment|volume=39|pages=25|doi=10.1186/s41021-017-0085-9|issn=1880-7046|pmid=29118866}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite journal|author=Kim|first=Hyun-Sun|date=2012|title=Relationship between mortality and fine particles during Asian dust, smog-Asian dust, and smog days in Korea|journal=International Journal of Environmental Health Research|volume=22|issue=6|pages=518–530|doi=10.1080/09603123.2012.667796|issn=1369-1619|pmid=22428926}}</ref> Enwekwara ihe akaebe na ụbọchị ndị nwere ntụ Eshia tinyere anwụrụ ọkụ na-eduga n'ịbawanye ọnwụ n'ihi ọrịa iku ume na ọrịa obi n'etiti ndị bi na mpaghara ndị ahụ metụtara.<ref name=":4" /> Nnyocha e mèrè n'oge na-adịbeghị anya achọpụtala na PM2.5 nwèrè njikọ na [[Ọrià Parkinson|ọrịa Parkinson]] na ọrịa akwara ndị ọzọ.<ref name=":5">{{Cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/asia_pacific/smog-becomes-a-political-issue-in-south-korean-election/2017/04/27/afd55dba-1a2d-11e7-8598-9a99da559f9e_story.html|title=Smog becomes a political issue in South Korean election|author=Fifield|first=Anna|date=April 27, 2017|work=Washington Post|language=en|accessdate=2019-03-05}}</ref> OECD buru amụma ọnwụ mberede Otu puku na iri isii na itoolu kwà nde n'ihi mmetọ ikuku na-akawanye njọ na South Korea ka ọ na-erule afọ 2060.<ref name=":5" /> === Mmetụta na ụlọ ọrụ === Na mgbakwunye na ego ndị mmadụ na-efu, ịrị elu nke uzuzu Eshia emeela ka mmetụta ego dị ichè íchè nwee ụlọ ọrụ dị íchè íchè . Nké mbụ, ụlọ ọrụ ụgbọelu anọwo na-enwe ego mpụga n'ihi oke uzuzu Eshia. Uzuzu a na-anakọta n'elu ụgbọelu nwèrè ike belata elu nke nku ma jiri mmiri mee ihe iji mebie elu ụgbọelu ma mee ka ágbá ahụ ghara ịdị.<ref name=":7">{{Cite web|url=http://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/nation/2008/04/119_789.html|title=Washing dust off jumbo jet costs 3 million won|author=Kim Rahn|work=The Korea Times|accessdate=April 5, 2007|date=2007-04-05}}</ref> N'ihi ya, n'oge opupu ihe ubi, mgbè uzuzu Eshia dị elu, ụlọ ọrụ ụgbọelu nwèrè ụgbọelu na mpaghara ahụ metụtara na-etinye ógè na ego iji sachaa uzuzu ụgbọelu ha. Ịsa ájá n'otu ụgbọ elu B747 jumbo na-ewe lita mmiri puku isii na awa asatọ na mmadụ itoolu na-arụ ọrụ.<ref name=":7" /> Ọ bụ ezie na nkwụsịtụ sitere na uzuzu odo bụ ihe a na-adịghị ahụkebe, a na-akagbu ụgbọ elu n'ihi enweghị ike ịhụ ụzọ n'ụbọchị ndị kachasị njọ.<ref name=":7" /> == Ọnọdụ akụ na ụba ọha na eze == === Mmetụta mpụga na-adịghị mma === Uzuzu Eshia bụ ihe atụ nkè mpụga na-adịghị mma na ọha mmadụ. Nhọrọ iwu ndị na-akwado mmepụta ihe ngwa ngwa na mgbukpọ ọhịa na China, Mongolia, na mpaghara ndị ọzọ dị nà Central Asia na-etinye ego ọha na eze na mba ndị dị N'ébé Ọwụwa Anyanwụ, dị ka Korea, Japan, na Russia na Far East. === Agha mba ụwa === Na mgbalị iji lụso oke uzuzu odo na-akawanye njọ ọgụ, gọọmentị Korea na gọọmentị China na-arụkọ ọrụ. N'ọnwa Jenụwarị afọ 2018, mba abụọ ahụ zutere na nzukọ nke iri abụọ na abụọ nke Kọmitii Jikọrọ Aka nke Republic of Korea-China na Mmekọrịta Gburugburu Ébé Obibi, n'ogè mba abụọ ahụ kwurịtara banyéré ịbawanye mbọ ha na-agba iji lụso mmetọ ikuku ọgụ, gụnyere uzuzu odo na uzuzu dị mmá, na mmetọ mmiri.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|author=Kang|first=Dongmug|date=April 25, 2014|title=Fine, Ultrafine, and Yellow Dust: Emerging Health Problems in Korea|journal=Journal of Korean Medical Science|volume=29|issue=5|pages=621–622|doi=10.3346/jkms.2014.29.5.621|issn=1011-8934|pmid=24851015}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFKangKim2014">Kang, Dongmug; Kim, Jong-Eun (April 25, 2014). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4024940 "Fine, Ultrafine, and Yellow Dust: Emerging Health Problems in Korea"]. ''Journal of Korean Medical Science''. '''29''' (5): 621–622. [[Digital object identifier|doi]]:[[doi:10.3346/jkms.2014.29.5.621|10.3346/jkms.2014.29.5.621]]. [[ISSN (ihe njirimara)|ISSN]]&nbsp;[[issn:1011-8934|1011-8934]]. [[PMC (ihe njirimara)|PMC]]&nbsp;<span class="cs1-lock-free" title="Freely accessible">[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4024940 4024940]</span>. [[PMID (ihe njirimara)|PMID]]&nbsp;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24851015 24851015].</cite></ref> == Ike siri ike == [[Usòrò:Asian_Dust_Over_Aizu-Wakamatsu_Japan.PNG|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|Asian Dust kpuchiri anyanwụ n'elu Aizu-Wakamatsu, Japan, na Eprel 2, 2007]] Uzuzu Eshia abụghị ihe ọhụrụ. N'akụkọ ihe méré eme, e nweela ihe ndekọ nké uzuzu Eshia dị ka 1150 BC na China na 174 AD na Korea.<ref name=":1"/><ref name=":2">Liu Tungsheng, Gu Xiongfei, [[An Zhisheng]] and Fan Yongxiang. 1981. The dust fall in Beijing, China, on April 18. 1981. In: Péwé, T.L. (ed), Desert dust: origin, characteristics, and effect on man, Geological Society of America, Special Paper 186, pp. 149–157.</ref> Otú ọ dị, data ihu igwe nke gọọmentị na-egosi mmụba dị egwu na oke ya na ugboro ole ọ na-eme. [[Usòrò:Yellow_Dust_Obserservation_in_Korea_by_Year.jpeg|thumb|Ọnụ ọgụgụ ụbọchị nke Yellow Dust Observations na Korea site na 1960 ruo 2016]] Uzuzu Eshia, na njikọta ya na anwụrụ ọkụ na mmetọ ikuku n'ozuzu ya, aghọwo ihe siri ike nke na ọ ghọrọ okwu ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na ntuli aka onye isi ala South Korea n'afọ 2017. Ndị isi atọ niile na-azọ ọkwa nke ntuli áká Moon Jae-in, Ahn Cheol-soo, na Hong Joon-pyo Kwèrè nkwa ime ihe iji belata nsogbu ikuku ikuku na-arịwanye elu.<ref name=":5">{{Cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/asia_pacific/smog-becomes-a-political-issue-in-south-korean-election/2017/04/27/afd55dba-1a2d-11e7-8598-9a99da559f9e_story.html|title=Smog becomes a political issue in South Korean election|author=Fifield|first=Anna|date=April 27, 2017|work=Washington Post|language=en|accessdate=2019-03-05}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFFifield2017">Fifield, Anna (April 27, 2017). [https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/asia_pacific/smog-becomes-a-political-issue-in-south-korean-election/2017/04/27/afd55dba-1a2d-11e7-8598-9a99da559f9e_story.html "Smog becomes a political issue in South Korean election"]. ''Washington Post''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 5,</span> 2019</span>.</cite></ref> N'ime ọnwa ole na ole mbụ nke afọ 2017, Seoul nwèrè okpukpu abụọ nke ịdọ aka ná ntị uzuzu, n'ogè a gwara ndị mmadụ ka ha belata ihe omume n'èzí ma nọrọ n'ime ụlọ ma e jiri ya tụnyere afọ 2016.<ref name=":5" /> El Niño na-arụkwa ọrụ na ifufe uzuzu nke Eshia, n'ihi na ice ógè oyi nwèrè ike igbochi uzuzu ka ọ ghara ikpochapụ ala.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=誠而|first=早川|date=2008|title=エルニーニョ・ラニーニャ現象とゴビ砂漠付近の砂塵嵐及び九州地方の黄砂観測日数との関係|journal=環境情報科学論文集|volume=ceis22|url=https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/ceispapers/ceis22/0/ceis22_0_115/_article/-char/en|language=ja|pages=115–120|doi=10.11492/ceispapers.ceis22.0.115.0}}</ref> == Hụkwa == * Uzuzu mineral * Igwe ojii na-acha nchara nchara nke Eshia * Anwụrụ ọkụ nke ndịda ọwụwa anyanwụ Eshia * Ebe obibi nke South Korea * [[Environment in the People's Republic of China|Gburugburu ebe obibi nke China]] * 2010 Oké ọkọchị na uzuzu oké ifufe na China * Mgbukpọ ọhịa na mgbanwe ihu igwe == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * Ostapuk, Paul Asian Dust Clouds nwetara n'April 9, 2006 * Szykman, Jim na ndị ọzọ.[https://web.archive.org/web/20060104040635/http://www.epa.gov/airtrends/aqtrnd03/pdfs/1_asiandust.pdf Mmetụta nke Eprel 2001 Ihe omume Uzuzu Eshia na Particulate Matter Concentrations na United States] * The Bibliography of Aeolian Research [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] djswftbic9h9rqmtz6mzyvfw419sk70 644294 644293 2026-05-30T20:28:56Z Sylvaline39 15355 fixed reference error 644294 wikitext text/x-wiki X cy [[Usòrò:黄砂解説図.png|thumb|320x320px|Uzuzu China na-efegharị n'ógbè ndị kpọrọ nkụ nke ala China ma na-agba n'ikuku iji gbadaa na mpaghara ndị dị ka Japan.<ref>{{Cite web|title=気象庁｜黄砂に関する基礎知識|url=https://www.data.jma.go.jp/gmd/env/kosahp/4-4kosa.html|accessdate=2021-01-02|work=www.data.jma.go.jp|language=JA}}</ref>]] '''Uzuzu Eshia''' (nke a na-akpọkwa '''uzuzu odo''', '''ájá''' odo, ifufe odo ma ọ bụ oké '''ifufe''' uzuzu China) bụ ihe na-eme n'ogè ihu igwe nké na-emetụta ọtụtụ n'ime East Asia n'afọ niile ma karịsịa n'ogè ọnwa opupu ihe ubi. Uzuzu ahụ sitere n'ọzara nke [[China]], Mongolia, na [[Kazakhstan]], ébé ifufe na-agba ọsọ na oké ifufe uzuzu na-eme ka igwe ojii dị mma, nke kpọrọ nkụ. A na-eburu igwe ojii ndị a gaa N'ébé ọwụwa anyanwụ site na ifufe na-efe efe ma gafee China, North na South Korea, na [[Japan]], ya na akụkụ nkè Russian Far East. Mgbè ụfọdụ, a na-ebugharị ihe ndị dị n'ikuku karịa, na oke dị ukwuu nké na-emetụta ogo ikuku ruo n'ébé ọwụwa anyanwụ dị ka United States. Kemgbe mbido nke narị afọ nke iri abụọ na otu, na-adaba na mmepe ngwa ngwa nke China, uzuzu odo aghọwo nnukwu nsogbu ahụike n'ihi mmụba nke mmetọ ụlọ ọrụ dị n'ime uzuzu. Ọzara na-arịwanye elu n'ihi mgbukpọ ọhịa anọwo na-akpata ogologo ógè na ugboro ugboro. Nsogbu ahụ emeela ka njọ ka Oké Osimiri Aral nke Kazakhstan na Uzbekistan kpọrọ nkụ. Nké a bidoro n'afọ ndị 1960 site na ntụgharị nke Osimiri Amu na Osimiri Syr, dị ka akụkụ nke mmemme ọrụ ugbo Soviet iji gbaa ọzara Central Asia mmiri, ọkachasị màkà ubi owuwe ihe ubi. == Akụkọ oge ochie == A na-edekọ ọtụtụ n'ime ihe ndekọ ndị mbụ e dere banyeré ọrụ nke uzuzu n'akwụkwọ ndị China ógè ochie.<ref name=":1">Goudie, A.S. and Middleton, N.J. 1992. The changing frequency of dust storms through time. Climatic Change 20(3):197–225.</ref> Ekwenyere na a chọtara ihe ndekọ mbụ nke China na Zhu Shu Ji Nian (Chinese: 竹书纪年; English: Bamboo Annals).<ref name=":2">Liu Tungsheng, Gu Xiongfei, [[An Zhisheng]] and Fan Yongxiang. 1981. The dust fall in Beijing, China, on April 18. 1981. In: Péwé, T.L. (ed), Desert dust: origin, characteristics, and effect on man, Geological Society of America, Special Paper 186, pp. 149–157.</ref> Ihe ndekọ ahụ kwuru: n'afọ nké ise nke Di Xin (1150 BC, Di Xin bụ Aha Ógé nke Eze Di Xin nke Shang Dynasty), mmiri zoro na Bo (Bo bụ ebe dị na Henan Province na China; na Classical Chinese: 帝辛五年,土雨于 Xia). == Ihe ndị e dere n'ime ya == Nnyocha nke igwe ojii ntụ nke Eshia nkè e mèrè na China n'afọ 2001 chọpụtara na ha nwèrè nnukwu silicon (24:32%), aluminum (5.97.4%), calcium (6.212%), na ígwè. A chọpụtakwara ọtụtụ ihe na-egbu egbu, gụnyere mercury na cadmium site na ọkụ coal. Nnyocha e mèrè n'afọ 2014 chọpụtara na uzuzu China nwèrè ezigbo uzuzu na obere uzuzu.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|author=Kang|first=Dongmug|date=April 25, 2014|title=Fine, Ultrafine, and Yellow Dust: Emerging Health Problems in Korea|journal=Journal of Korean Medical Science|volume=29|issue=5|pages=621–622|doi=10.3346/jkms.2014.29.5.621|issn=1011-8934|pmid=24851015}}</ref> Uzuzu dị mmá nwèrè re ezigbo ihe (PM). A na-ekewa ụmụ irighiri ihe ndị dị obere karịa ₁₀ μm n'obosara dị ka PM dị mma (PM10), ébé ụmụ irighari ndị dị obere karịrị 2.5 μm n"obosara na-ekewaa dị ka PM ultrafine (PM2.5). Ma obere ntụ na nke dị oke mma na-etinye ihe ize ndụ na ahụike. Akụkụ uzuzu dị mmá dị obere iji banye n'ime alveoli akpa ume. Uzuzu dị nro dị obere nke na ha na-abanye n'ime ọbara ma ọ bụ usoro lymphatic site na akpa ume. Ozugbo ha batara n'ọbara, ụmụ irighiri ihe ndị dị nro nwèrè ike iru ụbụrụ ma ọ bụ akụkụ ahụ nwa.<ref name=":0" /> == Mmetụta == [[Usòrò:Dust_storm_in_Beijing_2006.JPG|thumb|Ntinye uzuzu na Beijing n'oge oge 2006.]] === Ihe ize ndụ ahụike === Ikekwe mmetụta kachasị njọ bụ ahụike. Ọtụtụ nnyocha achọpụtala na uzuzu Eshia nwèrè mmetụta na-adịghị mmá na ọrụ iku ume ma na-amụba ọbịbịa nke ọrịa iku ume. Ọtụtụ nnyocha e mèrè na Korea na Japan lekwasịrị ányá na arụmọrụ iku ume site n'ịtụle ọnụ ọgụgụ kachasị elu nke iku ume. Nnyocha ndị a chọpụtara na ndị nwéré ọrịa iku ume dịka ụkwara ume ọkụ na-ata ahụhụ site na mmetụta kachasị njọ.<ref name=":0"/><ref>{{Cite journal|author=Kurai|first=Jun|date=2017-11-01|title=Estimation of the effects of heavy Asian dust on respiratory function by definition type|journal=Genes and Environment|volume=39|pages=25|doi=10.1186/s41021-017-0085-9|issn=1880-7046|pmid=29118866}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite journal|author=Kim|first=Hyun-Sun|date=2012|title=Relationship between mortality and fine particles during Asian dust, smog-Asian dust, and smog days in Korea|journal=International Journal of Environmental Health Research|volume=22|issue=6|pages=518–530|doi=10.1080/09603123.2012.667796|issn=1369-1619|pmid=22428926}}</ref> Enwekwara ihe akaebe na ụbọchị ndị nwere ntụ Eshia tinyere anwụrụ ọkụ na-eduga n'ịbawanye ọnwụ n'ihi ọrịa iku ume na ọrịa obi n'etiti ndị bi na mpaghara ndị ahụ metụtara.<ref name=":4" /> Nnyocha e mèrè n'oge na-adịbeghị anya achọpụtala na PM2.5 nwèrè njikọ na [[Ọrià Parkinson|ọrịa Parkinson]] na ọrịa akwara ndị ọzọ.<ref name=":5">{{Cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/asia_pacific/smog-becomes-a-political-issue-in-south-korean-election/2017/04/27/afd55dba-1a2d-11e7-8598-9a99da559f9e_story.html|title=Smog becomes a political issue in South Korean election|author=Fifield|first=Anna|date=April 27, 2017|work=Washington Post|language=en|accessdate=2019-03-05}}</ref> OECD buru amụma ọnwụ mberede Otu puku na iri isii na itoolu kwà nde n'ihi mmetọ ikuku na-akawanye njọ na South Korea ka ọ na-erule afọ 2060.<ref name=":5" /> === Mmetụta na ụlọ ọrụ === Na mgbakwunye na ego ndị mmadụ na-efu, ịrị elu nke uzuzu Eshia emeela ka mmetụta ego dị ichè íchè nwee ụlọ ọrụ dị íchè íchè . Nké mbụ, ụlọ ọrụ ụgbọelu anọwo na-enwe ego mpụga n'ihi oke uzuzu Eshia. Uzuzu a na-anakọta n'elu ụgbọelu nwèrè ike belata elu nke nku ma jiri mmiri mee ihe iji mebie elu ụgbọelu ma mee ka ágbá ahụ ghara ịdị.<ref name=":7">{{Cite web|url=http://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/nation/2008/04/119_789.html|title=Washing dust off jumbo jet costs 3 million won|author=Kim Rahn|work=The Korea Times|accessdate=April 5, 2007|date=2007-04-05}}</ref> N'ihi ya, n'oge opupu ihe ubi, mgbè uzuzu Eshia dị elu, ụlọ ọrụ ụgbọelu nwèrè ụgbọelu na mpaghara ahụ metụtara na-etinye ógè na ego iji sachaa uzuzu ụgbọelu ha. Ịsa ájá n'otu ụgbọ elu B747 jumbo na-ewe lita mmiri puku isii na awa asatọ na mmadụ itoolu na-arụ ọrụ.<ref name=":7" /> Ọ bụ ezie na nkwụsịtụ sitere na uzuzu odo bụ ihe a na-adịghị ahụkebe, a na-akagbu ụgbọ elu n'ihi enweghị ike ịhụ ụzọ n'ụbọchị ndị kachasị njọ.<ref name=":7" /> == Ọnọdụ akụ na ụba ọha na eze == === Mmetụta mpụga na-adịghị mma === Uzuzu Eshia bụ ihe atụ nkè mpụga na-adịghị mma na ọha mmadụ. Nhọrọ iwu ndị na-akwado mmepụta ihe ngwa ngwa na mgbukpọ ọhịa na China, Mongolia, na mpaghara ndị ọzọ dị nà Central Asia na-etinye ego ọha na eze na mba ndị dị N'ébé Ọwụwa Anyanwụ, dị ka Korea, Japan, na Russia na Far East. === Agha mba ụwa === Na mgbalị iji lụso oke uzuzu odo na-akawanye njọ ọgụ, gọọmentị Korea na gọọmentị China na-arụkọ ọrụ. N'ọnwa Jenụwarị afọ 2018, mba abụọ ahụ zutere na nzukọ nke iri abụọ na abụọ nke Kọmitii Jikọrọ Aka nke Republic of Korea-China na Mmekọrịta Gburugburu Ébé Obibi, n'ogè mba abụọ ahụ kwurịtara banyéré ịbawanye mbọ ha na-agba iji lụso mmetọ ikuku ọgụ, gụnyere uzuzu odo na uzuzu dị mmá, na mmetọ mmiri.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|author=Kang|first=Dongmug|date=April 25, 2014|title=Fine, Ultrafine, and Yellow Dust: Emerging Health Problems in Korea|journal=Journal of Korean Medical Science|volume=29|issue=5|pages=621–622|doi=10.3346/jkms.2014.29.5.621|issn=1011-8934|pmid=24851015}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFKangKim2014">Kang, Dongmug; Kim, Jong-Eun (April 25, 2014). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4024940 "Fine, Ultrafine, and Yellow Dust: Emerging Health Problems in Korea"]. ''Journal of Korean Medical Science''. '''29''' (5): 621–622. [[Digital object identifier|doi]]:[[doi:10.3346/jkms.2014.29.5.621|10.3346/jkms.2014.29.5.621]]. [[ISSN (ihe njirimara)|ISSN]]&nbsp;[[issn:1011-8934|1011-8934]]. [[PMC (ihe njirimara)|PMC]]&nbsp;<span class="cs1-lock-free" title="Freely accessible">[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4024940 4024940]</span>. [[PMID (ihe njirimara)|PMID]]&nbsp;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24851015 24851015].</cite></ref> == Ike siri ike == [[Usòrò:Asian_Dust_Over_Aizu-Wakamatsu_Japan.PNG|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|Asian Dust kpuchiri anyanwụ n'elu Aizu-Wakamatsu, Japan, na Eprel 2, 2007]] Uzuzu Eshia abụghị ihe ọhụrụ. N'akụkọ ihe méré eme, e nweela ihe ndekọ nké uzuzu Eshia dị ka 1150 BC na China na 174 AD na Korea.<ref name=":1"/><ref name=":2">Liu Tungsheng, Gu Xiongfei, [[An Zhisheng]] and Fan Yongxiang. 1981. The dust fall in Beijing, China, on April 18. 1981. In: Péwé, T.L. (ed), Desert dust: origin, characteristics, and effect on man, Geological Society of America, Special Paper 186, pp. 149–157.</ref> Otú ọ dị, data ihu igwe nke gọọmentị na-egosi mmụba dị egwu na oke ya na ugboro ole ọ na-eme. [[Usòrò:Yellow_Dust_Obserservation_in_Korea_by_Year.jpeg|thumb|Ọnụ ọgụgụ ụbọchị nke Yellow Dust Observations na Korea site na 1960 ruo 2016]] Uzuzu Eshia, na njikọta ya na anwụrụ ọkụ na mmetọ ikuku n'ozuzu ya, aghọwo ihe siri ike nke na ọ ghọrọ okwu ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na ntuli aka onye isi ala South Korea n'afọ 2017. Ndị isi atọ niile na-azọ ọkwa nke ntuli áká Moon Jae-in, Ahn Cheol-soo, na Hong Joon-pyo Kwèrè nkwa ime ihe iji belata nsogbu ikuku ikuku na-arịwanye elu.<ref name=":5">{{Cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/asia_pacific/smog-becomes-a-political-issue-in-south-korean-election/2017/04/27/afd55dba-1a2d-11e7-8598-9a99da559f9e_story.html|title=Smog becomes a political issue in South Korean election|author=Fifield|first=Anna|date=April 27, 2017|work=Washington Post|language=en|accessdate=2019-03-05}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFFifield2017">Fifield, Anna (April 27, 2017). [https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/asia_pacific/smog-becomes-a-political-issue-in-south-korean-election/2017/04/27/afd55dba-1a2d-11e7-8598-9a99da559f9e_story.html "Smog becomes a political issue in South Korean election"]. ''Washington Post''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 5,</span> 2019</span>.</cite></ref> N'ime ọnwa ole na ole mbụ nke afọ 2017, Seoul nwèrè okpukpu abụọ nke ịdọ aka ná ntị uzuzu, n'ogè a gwara ndị mmadụ ka ha belata ihe omume n'èzí ma nọrọ n'ime ụlọ ma e jiri ya tụnyere afọ 2016.<ref name=":5" /> El Niño na-arụkwa ọrụ na ifufe uzuzu nke Eshia, n'ihi na ice ógè oyi nwèrè ike igbochi uzuzu ka ọ ghara ikpochapụ ala.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=誠而|first=早川|date=2008|title=エルニーニョ・ラニーニャ現象とゴビ砂漠付近の砂塵嵐及び九州地方の黄砂観測日数との関係|journal=環境情報科学論文集|volume=ceis22|url=https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/ceispapers/ceis22/0/ceis22_0_115/_article/-char/en|language=ja|pages=115–120|doi=10.11492/ceispapers.ceis22.0.115.0}}</ref> == Hụkwa == * Uzuzu mineral * Igwe ojii na-acha nchara nchara nke Eshia * Anwụrụ ọkụ nke ndịda ọwụwa anyanwụ Eshia * Ebe obibi nke South Korea * [[Environment in the People's Republic of China|Gburugburu ebe obibi nke China]] * 2010 Oké ọkọchị na uzuzu oké ifufe na China * Mgbukpọ ọhịa na mgbanwe ihu igwe == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * Ostapuk, Paul Asian Dust Clouds nwetara n'April 9, 2006 * Szykman, Jim na ndị ọzọ.[https://web.archive.org/web/20060104040635/http://www.epa.gov/airtrends/aqtrnd03/pdfs/1_asiandust.pdf Mmetụta nke Eprel 2001 Ihe omume Uzuzu Eshia na Particulate Matter Concentrations na United States] * The Bibliography of Aeolian Research [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] qmtuoq9vxh66r30jz2a4mztt24x9fdu 644295 644294 2026-05-30T20:31:14Z Sylvaline39 15355 fixed reference error 644295 wikitext text/x-wiki X cy [[Usòrò:黄砂解説図.png|thumb|320x320px|Uzuzu China na-efegharị n'ógbè ndị kpọrọ nkụ nke ala China ma na-agba n'ikuku iji gbadaa na mpaghara ndị dị ka Japan.<ref>{{Cite web|title=気象庁｜黄砂に関する基礎知識|url=https://www.data.jma.go.jp/gmd/env/kosahp/4-4kosa.html|accessdate=2021-01-02|work=www.data.jma.go.jp|language=JA}}</ref>]] '''Uzuzu Eshia''' (nke a na-akpọkwa '''uzuzu odo''', '''ájá''' odo, ifufe odo ma ọ bụ oké '''ifufe''' uzuzu China) bụ ihe na-eme n'ogè ihu igwe nké na-emetụta ọtụtụ n'ime East Asia n'afọ niile ma karịsịa n'ogè ọnwa opupu ihe ubi. Uzuzu ahụ sitere n'ọzara nke [[China]], Mongolia, na [[Kazakhstan]], ébé ifufe na-agba ọsọ na oké ifufe uzuzu na-eme ka igwe ojii dị mma, nke kpọrọ nkụ. A na-eburu igwe ojii ndị a gaa N'ébé ọwụwa anyanwụ site na ifufe na-efe efe ma gafee China, North na South Korea, na [[Japan]], ya na akụkụ nkè Russian Far East. Mgbè ụfọdụ, a na-ebugharị ihe ndị dị n'ikuku karịa, na oke dị ukwuu nké na-emetụta ogo ikuku ruo n'ébé ọwụwa anyanwụ dị ka United States. Kemgbe mbido nke narị afọ nke iri abụọ na otu, na-adaba na mmepe ngwa ngwa nke China, uzuzu odo aghọwo nnukwu nsogbu ahụike n'ihi mmụba nke mmetọ ụlọ ọrụ dị n'ime uzuzu. Ọzara na-arịwanye elu n'ihi mgbukpọ ọhịa anọwo na-akpata ogologo ógè na ugboro ugboro. Nsogbu ahụ emeela ka njọ ka Oké Osimiri Aral nke Kazakhstan na Uzbekistan kpọrọ nkụ. Nké a bidoro n'afọ ndị 1960 site na ntụgharị nke Osimiri Amu na Osimiri Syr, dị ka akụkụ nke mmemme ọrụ ugbo Soviet iji gbaa ọzara Central Asia mmiri, ọkachasị màkà ubi owuwe ihe ubi. == Akụkọ oge ochie == A na-edekọ ọtụtụ n'ime ihe ndekọ ndị mbụ e dere banyeré ọrụ nke uzuzu n'akwụkwọ ndị China ógè ochie.<ref name=":1">Goudie, A.S. and Middleton, N.J. 1992. The changing frequency of dust storms through time. Climatic Change 20(3):197–225.</ref> Ekwenyere na a chọtara ihe ndekọ mbụ nke China na Zhu Shu Ji Nian (Chinese: 竹书纪年; English: Bamboo Annals).<ref name=":2">Liu Tungsheng, Gu Xiongfei, [[An Zhisheng]] and Fan Yongxiang. 1981. The dust fall in Beijing, China, on April 18. 1981. In: Péwé, T.L. (ed), Desert dust: origin, characteristics, and effect on man, Geological Society of America, Special Paper 186, pp. 149–157.</ref> Ihe ndekọ ahụ kwuru: n'afọ nké ise nke Di Xin (1150 BC, Di Xin bụ Aha Ógé nke Eze Di Xin nke Shang Dynasty), mmiri zoro na Bo (Bo bụ ebe dị na Henan Province na China; na Classical Chinese: 帝辛五年,土雨于 Xia). == Ihe ndị e dere n'ime ya == Nnyocha nke igwe ojii ntụ nke Eshia nkè e mèrè na China n'afọ 2001 chọpụtara na ha nwèrè nnukwu silicon (24:32%), aluminum (5.97.4%), calcium (6.212%), na ígwè. A chọpụtakwara ọtụtụ ihe na-egbu egbu, gụnyere mercury na cadmium site na ọkụ coal. Nnyocha e mèrè n'afọ 2014 chọpụtara na uzuzu China nwèrè ezigbo uzuzu na obere uzuzu.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|author=Kang|first=Dongmug|date=April 25, 2014|title=Fine, Ultrafine, and Yellow Dust: Emerging Health Problems in Korea|journal=Journal of Korean Medical Science|volume=29|issue=5|pages=621–622|doi=10.3346/jkms.2014.29.5.621|issn=1011-8934|pmid=24851015}}</ref> Uzuzu dị mmá nwèrè re ezigbo ihe (PM). A na-ekewa ụmụ irighiri ihe ndị dị obere karịa ₁₀ μm n'obosara dị ka PM dị mma (PM10), ébé ụmụ irighari ndị dị obere karịrị 2.5 μm n"obosara na-ekewaa dị ka PM ultrafine (PM2.5). Ma obere ntụ na nke dị oke mma na-etinye ihe ize ndụ na ahụike. Akụkụ uzuzu dị mmá dị obere iji banye n'ime alveoli akpa ume. Uzuzu dị nro dị obere nke na ha na-abanye n'ime ọbara ma ọ bụ usoro lymphatic site na akpa ume. Ozugbo ha batara n'ọbara, ụmụ irighiri ihe ndị dị nro nwèrè ike iru ụbụrụ ma ọ bụ akụkụ ahụ nwa.<ref name=":0" /> == Mmetụta == [[Usòrò:Dust_storm_in_Beijing_2006.JPG|thumb|Ntinye uzuzu na Beijing n'oge oge 2006.]] === Ihe ize ndụ ahụike === Ikekwe mmetụta kachasị njọ bụ ahụike. Ọtụtụ nnyocha achọpụtala na uzuzu Eshia nwèrè mmetụta na-adịghị mmá na ọrụ iku ume ma na-amụba ọbịbịa nke ọrịa iku ume. Ọtụtụ nnyocha e mèrè na Korea na Japan lekwasịrị ányá na arụmọrụ iku ume site n'ịtụle ọnụ ọgụgụ kachasị elu nke iku ume. Nnyocha ndị a chọpụtara na ndị nwéré ọrịa iku ume dịka ụkwara ume ọkụ na-ata ahụhụ site na mmetụta kachasị njọ.<ref name=":0"/><ref>{{Cite journal|author=Kurai|first=Jun|date=2017-11-01|title=Estimation of the effects of heavy Asian dust on respiratory function by definition type|journal=Genes and Environment|volume=39|pages=25|doi=10.1186/s41021-017-0085-9|issn=1880-7046|pmid=29118866}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite journal|author=Kim|first=Hyun-Sun|date=2012|title=Relationship between mortality and fine particles during Asian dust, smog-Asian dust, and smog days in Korea|journal=International Journal of Environmental Health Research|volume=22|issue=6|pages=518–530|doi=10.1080/09603123.2012.667796|issn=1369-1619|pmid=22428926}}</ref> Enwekwara ihe akaebe na ụbọchị ndị nwere ntụ Eshia tinyere anwụrụ ọkụ na-eduga n'ịbawanye ọnwụ n'ihi ọrịa iku ume na ọrịa obi n'etiti ndị bi na mpaghara ndị ahụ metụtara.<ref name=":4" /> Nnyocha e mèrè n'oge na-adịbeghị anya achọpụtala na PM2.5 nwèrè njikọ na [[Ọrià Parkinson|ọrịa Parkinson]] na ọrịa akwara ndị ọzọ.<ref name=":5">{{Cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/asia_pacific/smog-becomes-a-political-issue-in-south-korean-election/2017/04/27/afd55dba-1a2d-11e7-8598-9a99da559f9e_story.html|title=Smog becomes a political issue in South Korean election|author=Fifield|first=Anna|date=April 27, 2017|work=Washington Post|language=en|accessdate=2019-03-05}}</ref> OECD buru amụma ọnwụ mberede Otu puku na iri isii na itoolu kwà nde n'ihi mmetọ ikuku na-akawanye njọ na South Korea ka ọ na-erule afọ 2060.<ref name=":5" /> === Mmetụta na ụlọ ọrụ === Na mgbakwunye na ego ndị mmadụ na-efu, ịrị elu nke uzuzu Eshia emeela ka mmetụta ego dị ichè íchè nwee ụlọ ọrụ dị íchè íchè . Nké mbụ, ụlọ ọrụ ụgbọelu anọwo na-enwe ego mpụga n'ihi oke uzuzu Eshia. Uzuzu a na-anakọta n'elu ụgbọelu nwèrè ike belata elu nke nku ma jiri mmiri mee ihe iji mebie elu ụgbọelu ma mee ka ágbá ahụ ghara ịdị.<ref name=":7">{{Cite web|url=http://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/nation/2008/04/119_789.html|title=Washing dust off jumbo jet costs 3 million won|author=Kim Rahn|work=The Korea Times|accessdate=April 5, 2007|date=2007-04-05}}</ref> N'ihi ya, n'oge opupu ihe ubi, mgbè uzuzu Eshia dị elu, ụlọ ọrụ ụgbọelu nwèrè ụgbọelu na mpaghara ahụ metụtara na-etinye ógè na ego iji sachaa uzuzu ụgbọelu ha. Ịsa ájá n'otu ụgbọ elu B747 jumbo na-ewe lita mmiri puku isii na awa asatọ na mmadụ itoolu na-arụ ọrụ.<ref name=":7" /> Ọ bụ ezie na nkwụsịtụ sitere na uzuzu odo bụ ihe a na-adịghị ahụkebe, a na-akagbu ụgbọ elu n'ihi enweghị ike ịhụ ụzọ n'ụbọchị ndị kachasị njọ.<ref name=":7" /> == Ọnọdụ akụ na ụba ọha na eze == === Mmetụta mpụga na-adịghị mma === Uzuzu Eshia bụ ihe atụ nkè mpụga na-adịghị mma na ọha mmadụ. Nhọrọ iwu ndị na-akwado mmepụta ihe ngwa ngwa na mgbukpọ ọhịa na China, Mongolia, na mpaghara ndị ọzọ dị nà Central Asia na-etinye ego ọha na eze na mba ndị dị N'ébé Ọwụwa Anyanwụ, dị ka Korea, Japan, na Russia na Far East. === Agha mba ụwa === Na mgbalị iji lụso oke uzuzu odo na-akawanye njọ ọgụ, gọọmentị Korea na gọọmentị China na-arụkọ ọrụ. N'ọnwa Jenụwarị afọ 2018, mba abụọ ahụ zutere na nzukọ nke iri abụọ na abụọ nke Kọmitii Jikọrọ Aka nke Republic of Korea-China na Mmekọrịta Gburugburu Ébé Obibi, n'ogè mba abụọ ahụ kwurịtara banyéré ịbawanye mbọ ha na-agba iji lụso mmetọ ikuku ọgụ, gụnyere uzuzu odo na uzuzu dị mmá, na mmetọ mmiri.<ref name=":0"/> == Ike siri ike == [[Usòrò:Asian_Dust_Over_Aizu-Wakamatsu_Japan.PNG|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|Asian Dust kpuchiri anyanwụ n'elu Aizu-Wakamatsu, Japan, na Eprel 2, 2007]] Uzuzu Eshia abụghị ihe ọhụrụ. N'akụkọ ihe méré eme, e nweela ihe ndekọ nké uzuzu Eshia dị ka 1150 BC na China na 174 AD na Korea.<ref name=":1"/><ref name=":2">Liu Tungsheng, Gu Xiongfei, [[An Zhisheng]] and Fan Yongxiang. 1981. The dust fall in Beijing, China, on April 18. 1981. In: Péwé, T.L. (ed), Desert dust: origin, characteristics, and effect on man, Geological Society of America, Special Paper 186, pp. 149–157.</ref> Otú ọ dị, data ihu igwe nke gọọmentị na-egosi mmụba dị egwu na oke ya na ugboro ole ọ na-eme. [[Usòrò:Yellow_Dust_Obserservation_in_Korea_by_Year.jpeg|thumb|Ọnụ ọgụgụ ụbọchị nke Yellow Dust Observations na Korea site na 1960 ruo 2016]] Uzuzu Eshia, na njikọta ya na anwụrụ ọkụ na mmetọ ikuku n'ozuzu ya, aghọwo ihe siri ike nke na ọ ghọrọ okwu ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na ntuli aka onye isi ala South Korea n'afọ 2017. Ndị isi atọ niile na-azọ ọkwa nke ntuli áká Moon Jae-in, Ahn Cheol-soo, na Hong Joon-pyo Kwèrè nkwa ime ihe iji belata nsogbu ikuku ikuku na-arịwanye elu.<ref name=":5">{{Cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/asia_pacific/smog-becomes-a-political-issue-in-south-korean-election/2017/04/27/afd55dba-1a2d-11e7-8598-9a99da559f9e_story.html|title=Smog becomes a political issue in South Korean election|author=Fifield|first=Anna|date=April 27, 2017|work=Washington Post|language=en|accessdate=2019-03-05}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFFifield2017">Fifield, Anna (April 27, 2017). [https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/asia_pacific/smog-becomes-a-political-issue-in-south-korean-election/2017/04/27/afd55dba-1a2d-11e7-8598-9a99da559f9e_story.html "Smog becomes a political issue in South Korean election"]. ''Washington Post''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 5,</span> 2019</span>.</cite></ref> N'ime ọnwa ole na ole mbụ nke afọ 2017, Seoul nwèrè okpukpu abụọ nke ịdọ aka ná ntị uzuzu, n'ogè a gwara ndị mmadụ ka ha belata ihe omume n'èzí ma nọrọ n'ime ụlọ ma e jiri ya tụnyere afọ 2016.<ref name=":5" /> El Niño na-arụkwa ọrụ na ifufe uzuzu nke Eshia, n'ihi na ice ógè oyi nwèrè ike igbochi uzuzu ka ọ ghara ikpochapụ ala.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=誠而|first=早川|date=2008|title=エルニーニョ・ラニーニャ現象とゴビ砂漠付近の砂塵嵐及び九州地方の黄砂観測日数との関係|journal=環境情報科学論文集|volume=ceis22|url=https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/ceispapers/ceis22/0/ceis22_0_115/_article/-char/en|language=ja|pages=115–120|doi=10.11492/ceispapers.ceis22.0.115.0}}</ref> == Hụkwa == * Uzuzu mineral * Igwe ojii na-acha nchara nchara nke Eshia * Anwụrụ ọkụ nke ndịda ọwụwa anyanwụ Eshia * Ebe obibi nke South Korea * [[Environment in the People's Republic of China|Gburugburu ebe obibi nke China]] * 2010 Oké ọkọchị na uzuzu oké ifufe na China * Mgbukpọ ọhịa na mgbanwe ihu igwe == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * Ostapuk, Paul Asian Dust Clouds nwetara n'April 9, 2006 * Szykman, Jim na ndị ọzọ.[https://web.archive.org/web/20060104040635/http://www.epa.gov/airtrends/aqtrnd03/pdfs/1_asiandust.pdf Mmetụta nke Eprel 2001 Ihe omume Uzuzu Eshia na Particulate Matter Concentrations na United States] * The Bibliography of Aeolian Research [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] f0jeqtcdl4da458winobeys82xbztuy 644296 644295 2026-05-30T20:33:38Z Sylvaline39 15355 fixed reference error 644296 wikitext text/x-wiki X cy [[Usòrò:黄砂解説図.png|thumb|320x320px|Uzuzu China na-efegharị n'ógbè ndị kpọrọ nkụ nke ala China ma na-agba n'ikuku iji gbadaa na mpaghara ndị dị ka Japan.<ref>{{Cite web|title=気象庁｜黄砂に関する基礎知識|url=https://www.data.jma.go.jp/gmd/env/kosahp/4-4kosa.html|accessdate=2021-01-02|work=www.data.jma.go.jp|language=JA}}</ref>]] '''Uzuzu Eshia''' (nke a na-akpọkwa '''uzuzu odo''', '''ájá''' odo, ifufe odo ma ọ bụ oké '''ifufe''' uzuzu China) bụ ihe na-eme n'ogè ihu igwe nké na-emetụta ọtụtụ n'ime East Asia n'afọ niile ma karịsịa n'ogè ọnwa opupu ihe ubi. Uzuzu ahụ sitere n'ọzara nke [[China]], Mongolia, na [[Kazakhstan]], ébé ifufe na-agba ọsọ na oké ifufe uzuzu na-eme ka igwe ojii dị mma, nke kpọrọ nkụ. A na-eburu igwe ojii ndị a gaa N'ébé ọwụwa anyanwụ site na ifufe na-efe efe ma gafee China, North na South Korea, na [[Japan]], ya na akụkụ nkè Russian Far East. Mgbè ụfọdụ, a na-ebugharị ihe ndị dị n'ikuku karịa, na oke dị ukwuu nké na-emetụta ogo ikuku ruo n'ébé ọwụwa anyanwụ dị ka United States. Kemgbe mbido nke narị afọ nke iri abụọ na otu, na-adaba na mmepe ngwa ngwa nke China, uzuzu odo aghọwo nnukwu nsogbu ahụike n'ihi mmụba nke mmetọ ụlọ ọrụ dị n'ime uzuzu. Ọzara na-arịwanye elu n'ihi mgbukpọ ọhịa anọwo na-akpata ogologo ógè na ugboro ugboro. Nsogbu ahụ emeela ka njọ ka Oké Osimiri Aral nke Kazakhstan na Uzbekistan kpọrọ nkụ. Nké a bidoro n'afọ ndị 1960 site na ntụgharị nke Osimiri Amu na Osimiri Syr, dị ka akụkụ nke mmemme ọrụ ugbo Soviet iji gbaa ọzara Central Asia mmiri, ọkachasị màkà ubi owuwe ihe ubi. == Akụkọ oge ochie == A na-edekọ ọtụtụ n'ime ihe ndekọ ndị mbụ e dere banyeré ọrụ nke uzuzu n'akwụkwọ ndị China ógè ochie.<ref name=":1">Goudie, A.S. and Middleton, N.J. 1992. The changing frequency of dust storms through time. Climatic Change 20(3):197–225.</ref> Ekwenyere na a chọtara ihe ndekọ mbụ nke China na Zhu Shu Ji Nian (Chinese: 竹书纪年; English: Bamboo Annals).<ref name=":2">Liu Tungsheng, Gu Xiongfei, [[An Zhisheng]] and Fan Yongxiang. 1981. The dust fall in Beijing, China, on April 18. 1981. In: Péwé, T.L. (ed), Desert dust: origin, characteristics, and effect on man, Geological Society of America, Special Paper 186, pp. 149–157.</ref> Ihe ndekọ ahụ kwuru: n'afọ nké ise nke Di Xin (1150 BC, Di Xin bụ Aha Ógé nke Eze Di Xin nke Shang Dynasty), mmiri zoro na Bo (Bo bụ ebe dị na Henan Province na China; na Classical Chinese: 帝辛五年,土雨于 Xia). == Ihe ndị e dere n'ime ya == Nnyocha nke igwe ojii ntụ nke Eshia nkè e mèrè na China n'afọ 2001 chọpụtara na ha nwèrè nnukwu silicon (24:32%), aluminum (5.97.4%), calcium (6.212%), na ígwè. A chọpụtakwara ọtụtụ ihe na-egbu egbu, gụnyere mercury na cadmium site na ọkụ coal. Nnyocha e mèrè n'afọ 2014 chọpụtara na uzuzu China nwèrè ezigbo uzuzu na obere uzuzu.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|author=Kang|first=Dongmug|date=April 25, 2014|title=Fine, Ultrafine, and Yellow Dust: Emerging Health Problems in Korea|journal=Journal of Korean Medical Science|volume=29|issue=5|pages=621–622|doi=10.3346/jkms.2014.29.5.621|issn=1011-8934|pmid=24851015}}</ref> Uzuzu dị mmá nwèrè re ezigbo ihe (PM). A na-ekewa ụmụ irighiri ihe ndị dị obere karịa ₁₀ μm n'obosara dị ka PM dị mma (PM10), ébé ụmụ irighari ndị dị obere karịrị 2.5 μm n"obosara na-ekewaa dị ka PM ultrafine (PM2.5). Ma obere ntụ na nke dị oke mma na-etinye ihe ize ndụ na ahụike. Akụkụ uzuzu dị mmá dị obere iji banye n'ime alveoli akpa ume. Uzuzu dị nro dị obere nke na ha na-abanye n'ime ọbara ma ọ bụ usoro lymphatic site na akpa ume. Ozugbo ha batara n'ọbara, ụmụ irighiri ihe ndị dị nro nwèrè ike iru ụbụrụ ma ọ bụ akụkụ ahụ nwa.<ref name=":0" /> == Mmetụta == [[Usòrò:Dust_storm_in_Beijing_2006.JPG|thumb|Ntinye uzuzu na Beijing n'oge oge 2006.]] === Ihe ize ndụ ahụike === Ikekwe mmetụta kachasị njọ bụ ahụike. Ọtụtụ nnyocha achọpụtala na uzuzu Eshia nwèrè mmetụta na-adịghị mmá na ọrụ iku ume ma na-amụba ọbịbịa nke ọrịa iku ume. Ọtụtụ nnyocha e mèrè na Korea na Japan lekwasịrị ányá na arụmọrụ iku ume site n'ịtụle ọnụ ọgụgụ kachasị elu nke iku ume. Nnyocha ndị a chọpụtara na ndị nwéré ọrịa iku ume dịka ụkwara ume ọkụ na-ata ahụhụ site na mmetụta kachasị njọ.<ref name=":0"/><ref>{{Cite journal|author=Kurai|first=Jun|date=2017-11-01|title=Estimation of the effects of heavy Asian dust on respiratory function by definition type|journal=Genes and Environment|volume=39|pages=25|doi=10.1186/s41021-017-0085-9|issn=1880-7046|pmid=29118866}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite journal|author=Kim|first=Hyun-Sun|date=2012|title=Relationship between mortality and fine particles during Asian dust, smog-Asian dust, and smog days in Korea|journal=International Journal of Environmental Health Research|volume=22|issue=6|pages=518–530|doi=10.1080/09603123.2012.667796|issn=1369-1619|pmid=22428926}}</ref> Enwekwara ihe akaebe na ụbọchị ndị nwere ntụ Eshia tinyere anwụrụ ọkụ na-eduga n'ịbawanye ọnwụ n'ihi ọrịa iku ume na ọrịa obi n'etiti ndị bi na mpaghara ndị ahụ metụtara.<ref name=":4" /> Nnyocha e mèrè n'oge na-adịbeghị anya achọpụtala na PM2.5 nwèrè njikọ na [[Ọrià Parkinson|ọrịa Parkinson]] na ọrịa akwara ndị ọzọ.<ref name=":5">{{Cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/asia_pacific/smog-becomes-a-political-issue-in-south-korean-election/2017/04/27/afd55dba-1a2d-11e7-8598-9a99da559f9e_story.html|title=Smog becomes a political issue in South Korean election|author=Fifield|first=Anna|date=April 27, 2017|work=Washington Post|language=en|accessdate=2019-03-05}}</ref> OECD buru amụma ọnwụ mberede Otu puku na iri isii na itoolu kwà nde n'ihi mmetọ ikuku na-akawanye njọ na South Korea ka ọ na-erule afọ 2060.<ref name=":5" /> === Mmetụta na ụlọ ọrụ === Na mgbakwunye na ego ndị mmadụ na-efu, ịrị elu nke uzuzu Eshia emeela ka mmetụta ego dị ichè íchè nwee ụlọ ọrụ dị íchè íchè . Nké mbụ, ụlọ ọrụ ụgbọelu anọwo na-enwe ego mpụga n'ihi oke uzuzu Eshia. Uzuzu a na-anakọta n'elu ụgbọelu nwèrè ike belata elu nke nku ma jiri mmiri mee ihe iji mebie elu ụgbọelu ma mee ka ágbá ahụ ghara ịdị.<ref name=":7">{{Cite web|url=http://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/nation/2008/04/119_789.html|title=Washing dust off jumbo jet costs 3 million won|author=Kim Rahn|work=The Korea Times|accessdate=April 5, 2007|date=2007-04-05}}</ref> N'ihi ya, n'oge opupu ihe ubi, mgbè uzuzu Eshia dị elu, ụlọ ọrụ ụgbọelu nwèrè ụgbọelu na mpaghara ahụ metụtara na-etinye ógè na ego iji sachaa uzuzu ụgbọelu ha. Ịsa ájá n'otu ụgbọ elu B747 jumbo na-ewe lita mmiri puku isii na awa asatọ na mmadụ itoolu na-arụ ọrụ.<ref name=":7" /> Ọ bụ ezie na nkwụsịtụ sitere na uzuzu odo bụ ihe a na-adịghị ahụkebe, a na-akagbu ụgbọ elu n'ihi enweghị ike ịhụ ụzọ n'ụbọchị ndị kachasị njọ.<ref name=":7" /> == Ọnọdụ akụ na ụba ọha na eze == === Mmetụta mpụga na-adịghị mma === Uzuzu Eshia bụ ihe atụ nkè mpụga na-adịghị mma na ọha mmadụ. Nhọrọ iwu ndị na-akwado mmepụta ihe ngwa ngwa na mgbukpọ ọhịa na China, Mongolia, na mpaghara ndị ọzọ dị nà Central Asia na-etinye ego ọha na eze na mba ndị dị N'ébé Ọwụwa Anyanwụ, dị ka Korea, Japan, na Russia na Far East. === Agha mba ụwa === Na mgbalị iji lụso oke uzuzu odo na-akawanye njọ ọgụ, gọọmentị Korea na gọọmentị China na-arụkọ ọrụ. N'ọnwa Jenụwarị afọ 2018, mba abụọ ahụ zutere na nzukọ nke iri abụọ na abụọ nke Kọmitii Jikọrọ Aka nke Republic of Korea-China na Mmekọrịta Gburugburu Ébé Obibi, n'ogè mba abụọ ahụ kwurịtara banyéré ịbawanye mbọ ha na-agba iji lụso mmetọ ikuku ọgụ, gụnyere uzuzu odo na uzuzu dị mmá, na mmetọ mmiri.<ref name=":0"/> == Ike siri ike == [[Usòrò:Asian_Dust_Over_Aizu-Wakamatsu_Japan.PNG|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|Asian Dust kpuchiri anyanwụ n'elu Aizu-Wakamatsu, Japan, na Eprel 2, 2007]] Uzuzu Eshia abụghị ihe ọhụrụ. N'akụkọ ihe méré eme, e nweela ihe ndekọ nké uzuzu Eshia dị ka 1150 BC na China na 174 AD na Korea.<ref name=":1"/><ref name=":2">Liu Tungsheng, Gu Xiongfei, [[An Zhisheng]] and Fan Yongxiang. 1981. The dust fall in Beijing, China, on April 18. 1981. In: Péwé, T.L. (ed), Desert dust: origin, characteristics, and effect on man, Geological Society of America, Special Paper 186, pp. 149–157.</ref> Otú ọ dị, data ihu igwe nke gọọmentị na-egosi mmụba dị egwu na oke ya na ugboro ole ọ na-eme. [[Usòrò:Yellow_Dust_Obserservation_in_Korea_by_Year.jpeg|thumb|Ọnụ ọgụgụ ụbọchị nke Yellow Dust Observations na Korea site na 1960 ruo 2016]] Uzuzu Eshia, na njikọta ya na anwụrụ ọkụ na mmetọ ikuku n'ozuzu ya, aghọwo ihe siri ike nke na ọ ghọrọ okwu ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na ntuli aka onye isi ala South Korea n'afọ 2017. Ndị isi atọ niile na-azọ ọkwa nke ntuli áká Moon Jae-in, Ahn Cheol-soo, na Hong Joon-pyo Kwèrè nkwa ime ihe iji belata nsogbu ikuku ikuku na-arịwanye elu.<ref name=":5"/> N'ime ọnwa ole na ole mbụ nke afọ 2017, Seoul nwèrè okpukpu abụọ nke ịdọ aka ná ntị uzuzu, n'ogè a gwara ndị mmadụ ka ha belata ihe omume n'èzí ma nọrọ n'ime ụlọ ma e jiri ya tụnyere afọ 2016.<ref name=":5" /> El Niño na-arụkwa ọrụ na ifufe uzuzu nke Eshia, n'ihi na ice ógè oyi nwèrè ike igbochi uzuzu ka ọ ghara ikpochapụ ala.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=誠而|first=早川|date=2008|title=エルニーニョ・ラニーニャ現象とゴビ砂漠付近の砂塵嵐及び九州地方の黄砂観測日数との関係|journal=環境情報科学論文集|volume=ceis22|url=https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/ceispapers/ceis22/0/ceis22_0_115/_article/-char/en|language=ja|pages=115–120|doi=10.11492/ceispapers.ceis22.0.115.0}}</ref> == Hụkwa == * Uzuzu mineral * Igwe ojii na-acha nchara nchara nke Eshia * Anwụrụ ọkụ nke ndịda ọwụwa anyanwụ Eshia * Ebe obibi nke South Korea * [[Environment in the People's Republic of China|Gburugburu ebe obibi nke China]] * 2010 Oké ọkọchị na uzuzu oké ifufe na China * Mgbukpọ ọhịa na mgbanwe ihu igwe == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * Ostapuk, Paul Asian Dust Clouds nwetara n'April 9, 2006 * Szykman, Jim na ndị ọzọ.[https://web.archive.org/web/20060104040635/http://www.epa.gov/airtrends/aqtrnd03/pdfs/1_asiandust.pdf Mmetụta nke Eprel 2001 Ihe omume Uzuzu Eshia na Particulate Matter Concentrations na United States] * The Bibliography of Aeolian Research [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] maxmfe9in784e9bp26zvihwujau219r 0 25876 643986 111983 2026-05-30T13:05:51Z Chiziqa 13055 Fixed reference error 643986 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Usòrò:Landpeople_s_cc8.PNG|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|288x288px|Tanki septic na oghere mmiri septic]] {{Databox}}Ebe a na-agbapụta septik, nke a na-akpọkwa leach fields ma ọ bụ leach drains, bụ ebe a na-ekpofu mmiri n'ime ala nke a na-eji wepụ ihe ndị na-emerụ emerụ na adịghị ọcha sitere na mmiri mmiri na-apụta mgbe mgbaze anaerobic na tank septic. A na-eme ka ihe ndị dị n'ime mmiri mmiri na-emepụta ihe site na microbial gburugburu ebe obibi. Ogige mmiri septic, tankị septic, na paịpụ ndị metụtara ya mejupụtara usoro septic. Ebe a na-agbapụta mmiri na-enwekarị nhazi nke olulu nwere ọkpọkọ gbawara agbawa na ihe ndị na-asọ oyi (na-abụkarị gravel) nke oyi akwa nke ala na-ekpuchi iji gbochie anụmanụ (na mmiri na-asọpụta n'elu) irute mmiri na-ekpofu ọkụ nke ekesara n'ime ọdọ mmiri ndị ahụ. Ihe ndị bụ isi a na-atụle bụ hydraulic maka oke mmiri na-adịghị mma nke chọrọ mkpofu na ''catabolic'' maka mkpa oxygen nke ogologo oge nke ''mmiri'' na-enweghị mmiri. Enwere ike ịkpọ ala a na-edebe maka oghere septic drain ebe a na-echekwa septic (SRA). Ugbo mmiri na-ekpofu mmiri n'otu aka ahụ na-atụfu mmiri mkpofu site na ọtụtụ ọwa mmiri na ọdọ mmiri (na-enwekarị obere ọgwụgwọ ma ọ bụ enweghị ọgwụgwọ). A na-ahụkarị ihe ndị a na mba ndị kpọrọ nkụ ka mmiri na-asọ n'elu na-enye ohere maka ịgba mmiri (na fatịlaịza) nke ala ubi. == Nhazi == [[Usòrò:Landpeople_s_cc9.gif|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|288x288px|Akụkụ dị n'etiti tebụl na-akwa ákwá na ogige leach]] [[Usòrò:Drain_field_in_progress.jpg|alt=|thumb|329x329px|A na-etinye oghere mmiri]] Ọtụtụ ngalaba ahụike chọrọ ule percolation ("perc" ule) iji gosipụta ịdị mma nke ala ala na-agbanye mmiri iji nata nsị tankị septic. Enwere ike ịchọ onye injinia, onye ọkà mmụta sayensị ala, ma ọ bụ onye na-emepụta ihe nwere ikikere ka ya na ụlọ ọrụ na-achịkwa mpaghara rụọ ọrụ iji mepụta usoro kwekọrọ na njirimara ndị a. Ụzọ na-aga n'ihu karịa [ntụgharị chọrọ] iji chọpụta nha nke ubi leach bụ site na nleba anya kpọmkwem na profaịlụ ala. Na nlebanya a, onye injinia na-enyocha ọtụtụ atụmatụ nke ala dị ka udidi, nhazi, nkwụsi ike, pores / mgbọrọgwụ, wdg. Ebumnuche nke nnwale percolation bụ iji hụ na ala ahụ na-agafe nke ọma maka nsị tankị septic ka ọ pụọ n'ọhịa mmiri, mana ọ dị mma iji nyochaa nje bacteria na nje virus tupu ha agafee ebe dị anya iji ruo olulu mmiri ma ọ bụ mmiri dị n'elu. Ala siri ike Ájá na gravel nwere ike ibufe mmiri na-adịghị mma site na ala mmiri tupu e bibie nje. Silt na ụrọ na-enyocha nje n'ụzọ dị irè ma na-enye ohere dị oke ọnụego mmiri na-adịghị mma. Nnwale nlegharị anya na-atụ ọnụego mmiri dị ọcha na-agbasa site na ebe a na-ekpofu ihe n'ime ala. Ọtụtụ ihe nwere ike ibelata ọnụego percolation achọpụtara mgbe ogige mmiri na-anata ihe mkpofu septic tankị anoxic: * Obodo microbes na-eme ka ihe ndị dị n'ime ala na-agbaze site na nsị nke tankị septic ga-arapara na ụmụ irighiri ala ma belata mpaghara interstitial dị maka mmiri na-aga n'etiti ụmụ irighari ala. Mpaghara ndị a na-ejikarị emepụta biofilm na-adịchaghị mma nke gelatinous slime na interface ala nke trench disposal. * Akụkụ ndị na-adịghị agwakọta agwakọta nke ọma iji buru ya n'ime tankị septic ga-agbakọta na interface ala nke olulu mkpofu; ihe ndị na-abụghị nke na-emebi emebi dị ka eriri aka sitere na ịsa ákwà, ala mineral site na ịsa ahụ, ma ọ bụ ọkpụkpụ na iberibe eggshell site na mkpofu ihe ga-anọgide iji mejupụta ebe interstitial ndị dịbu maka mmiri na-esi n'olulu ahụ pụta. * Ọsụsọ abụba ma ọ bụ ngwaahịa mmanụ ala nke emulsified site na detergents ma ọ bụ nke solvents gbazere nwere ike ịgafe tupu anaerobic liquefaction mgbe ọnụọgụ tank septic dị obere iji nye oge obibi zuru oke, ma nwee ike ịkpụkọ dị ka hydrophobic layer na ala interface nke olulu mkpofu. * Mmiri na-arị elu n'okpuru ala nwere ike belata isi mmiri dịnụ (ma ọ bụ anya kwụ ọtọ) na-eme ka mmiri na-adọkpụ na-agafe n'ọwara mkpofu. Mmiri na-esi n'ọwara a na-ewepụ mmiri na-aga n'ala na mbụ site na olulu mmiri nwere ike izute mmiri n'okpuru ala ma ọ bụ nkume ma ọ bụ ụrọ na-enweghị mmiri na-achọ mgbanwe ntụziaka na-agagharị n'ụzọ dị larịị site n'ọhịa mmiri. A na-achọ ebe dị anya n'etiti ọkwa nsị dị n'ime olulu mmiri na ọkwa mmiri nke na-emetụta mgbe nsị ahụ hapụrụ ebe nsị iji merie ike ndọda iji merie ikike mgbagwoju anya na-eguzogide ịgafe ala nwere oghere. Ọnọdụ nsị dị nso n'ọhịa nsị ga-arịgo n'elu ala iji chekwaa ọdịiche dị anya ma ọ bụrụ na ọkwa mmiri dị n'okpuru ala gbara ogige nsị ahụ gburugburu na-eru nso ọkwa nsị na olulu nsị.<ref name=hammer>Hammer, Mark J. "Water and Waste-water Technology" John Wiley & Sons (1975) {{ISBN|0-471-34726-4}} pp.407-408</ref><ref name="hammer" /> * Ala oyi nwere ike belata mpaghara mpaghara dị iche iche maka mmiri ma ọ bụ mmiri. === Nhazi nke Catabolic === Dị nnọọ ka a na-agbakọ tankị septik iji kwado obodo nke ihe ndị anaerobic nwere ike ịmịpụta ihe ndị a na-atụ anya ya n'ime mmiri na-ekpofu mmiri, a ga-edozi ebe a na-ekpofu mmiri iji kwado obodo nke microorganisms nke ala ikuku nke nwere ike imebi ihe na-esi na tank nke anaerobic n'ime mmiri aerobic. . Enwere ike ịhụ isi ísì hydrogen sulfide ma ọ bụ nje bacteria iron na olulu mmiri dị nso ma ọ bụ mmiri dị n'elu mgbe a na-emebeghị ihe na-esi na ya kpamkpam tupu ya erute ebe ndị ahụ. The biofilm na mgbidi nke drain ubi trenches ga-eji ikuku oxygen na trenches ka catabolyize organic ogige na septic tank effluent. Mmiri dị n'ime ala bụ laminar n'ime ala aquifer nke gbara ogige mmiri ahụ gburugburu. Ihe na-esi na tankị septik nwere ogige organic soluble na-agafe na ihe nkiri biofilm na-eme ka oghere mkpọkọrọ n'elu mmiri dị n'ime ala nke dị n'okpuru ala mmiri ahụ. Mgbasa nke molecular na-achịkwa ịgwakọta ogige organic soluble n'ime mmiri dị n'ime ala yana ibuga oxygen site na mmiri dị n'okpuru ala ma ọ bụ ọnụ ọnụ mmiri dị n'ime ala, gaa na obere ihe ndị nwere ike imebi ogige organic gbazere nke fọdụrụ n'ime mmiri na-asọpụta. === Biofilter === Mgbe a na-eji tankị septik na-ejikọta ya na biofilter, ịdị elu na mpaghara catabolic nke oghere mmiri nwere ike ibelata. Teknụzụ biofilter nwere ike inye ohere ka owuwu ụlọ njupụta dị elu, obere ọgba aghara saịtị yana ala enwere ike iji osisi, ọdọ mmiri ma ọ bụ ubi. Site na nhazi oge niile nke ọma, ọ nwere ike ibelata ohere nke oghere mmiri ịgbapu. Biofilter agaghị ebelata olu mmiri mmiri nke ga-abanyerịrị n'ime ala, mana ọ nwere ike ibelata ikuku oxygen nke ihe ndị dị na mmiri mmiri ahụ. == Ọrụ na mmezi == [[Usòrò:Klamath_Septic_Leach_Field.JPG|thumb|Ebe a na-agbanye mmiri na mmiri nke erosion kpughere]] === Oge ọgwụgwọ ma ọ bụ oge ezumike === Enwere ike ịmebe ebe a na-ekpofu mmiri iji nye ọtụtụ ebe mkpofu dị iche iche maka nsị site na otu tankị septik. Otu mpaghara nwere ike "ezumike" ebe a na-ebuga nsị na mpaghara ọzọ. Obodo nematode nke dị n'ime ebe izu ike na-aga n'ihu na-eri nri na biofilm na abụba ndị a na-akwakọba mgbe mmiri na-ekpo ọkụ anaerobic septik adịghịzi. Usoro nchacha nke okike a nwere ike ibelata bioclogging iji meziwanye ikike hydraulic nke ubi site n'ịbawanye mpaghara interstitial nke ala dị ka ihe na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ. Ọnụọgụ percolation mgbe izu ike gachara nwere ike ịbịaru nso, mana o yighị ka ọ ga-adaba, ọnụego percolation mmiri dị ọcha mbụ nke saịtị ahụ. === Ihe mkpofu na-ekwesịghị ekwesị === Tankị septik na ihe ndị dị n'ubi mmiri nwere oke oke maka imebi ngwaahịa mmanụ ala na ihe mgbaze chlorinated, enweghị ike iwepu ọla gbazere; ọ bụ ezie na ụfọdụ nwere ike ịbanye n'ime sludge septic tank ma ọ bụ igbapu ala ubi, na mmiri ndị ọzọ dị n'ime ala nwere ike ịgbanye ihe ndị dị n'akụkụ ebe mmiri ahụ. Usoro ihicha nwere ike ibelata arụmọrụ ubi drain. Ịcha ọcha na-asa ákwà nwere ike kwụsịlata ma ọ bụ kwụsị ọrụ microbial n'ime ebe a na-ekpofu mmiri, na ịcha ọcha ma ọ bụ deodorizing chemical nwere ike inwe mmetụta yiri nke ahụ. Ihe nchacha, ihe mgbaze, na ndị na-ehicha mmiri nwere ike ibuba emulsified, saponified ma ọ bụ gbazere abụba n'ime ebe a na-ekpofu mmiri tupu enwee ike itinye ha n'ime obere acid Organic dị mkpụmkpụ na oyi akwa septic tankr. == Hụkwa == * [[Mmiri ojii (ihe mkpofu)|Blackwater (ihe mkpofu)]] * Ebe a na-esi nri * Mmiri kpọnwụrụ akpọnwụ * Mmiri na-asọpụta na France * Mmetọ mmiri dị n'okpuru ala * Ịgba Mgbapụta * Ebe a na-edebe nsị n'ebe ahụ * Iji nsị mmadụ eme ihe ọzọ * Ebe a na-edebe nsị * Ọgwụgwọ nke nsị == Edensibia == <references group="" responsive="0"></references> == Njikọ mpụga == * Media related to Septic drain fields at Wikimedia Commons {{Wastewater}} 64vb12c3pwjlzpxz0k8ozw8qzpzkgj2 0 25897 644210 112009 2026-05-30T19:35:51Z Wikipedian12512(alt) 61413 ce 644210 wikitext text/x-wiki Nzaghachi carbon nke ala na-emetụta ntọhapụ nke carbon site na ala na nzaghachi maka okpomọkụ ụwa. Nzaghachi a n'okpuru mgbanwe ihu igwe bụ nzaghachi ihu igwe dị mma. Enwere ihe dịka okpukpu abụọ ma ọ bụ atọ karịa carbon n'ime ala ụwa karịa ikuku ụwa, nke na-eme ka nghọta nzaghachi a dị mkpa iji ghọta mgbanwe ihu igwe n'ọdịnihu.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://newscenter.lbl.gov/2017/03/09/soils-carbon-climate|date=March 9, 2017|publisher=Berkeley Lab|title=Study: Soils Could Release Much More Carbon Than Expected as Climate Warms}}</ref><ref name="Bond2018">{{Cite journal|author=Bond-Lamberty|year=2018|journal=Nature|volume=560|issue=7716|pages=80–83|title=Globally rising soil heterotrophic respiration over recent decades|doi=10.1038/s41586-018-0358-x|pmid=30068952}}</ref> Ọnụego iku ume ala na-abawanye bụ isi ihe kpatara nzaghachi a, ebe nha na-egosi na okpomọkụ 4 °C na-abawanye iku ume ala kwa afọ site na 37%..<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Hicks Pries|first=Caitlin E.|title=The whole-soil carbon flux in response to warming|journal=Science|date=31 March 2017|volume=355|issue=6332|pages=1420–1423|doi=10.1126/science.aal1319|pmid=28280251|url=http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/1b60g2n2}}</ref> == Mmetụta na mgbanwe ihu igwe == [[Usòrò:Impact_of_elevated_CO2_on_soil_carbon_reserves.gif|thumb|Mmetụta nke CO2 dị elu na ebe nchekwa carbon nke ala]] Nnyocha dabere na mgbanwe ihu igwe n'ọdịnihu, na nzaghachi carbon nke ala, nke e mere kemgbe afọ 1991 na Harvard, na-atụ aro ntọhapụ nke ihe dị ka petagrams otu narị na itoolu nke carbon nke ala ahụ, nke ya na afọ iri abụọ gara aga nke gas na-ekpo ọkụ site na ọkụ ọkụ, ruo 2100 site na mita 1 nke ala ụwa, n'ihi mgbanwe na obodo microbial n'okpuru okpomọkụ dị elu.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/energy-environment/wp/2017/10/05/one-of-the-oldest-climate-change-experiments-has-led-to-a-troubling-conclusion|title=One of the oldest climate change experiments has led to a troubling conclusion|work=The Washington Post|date=October 5, 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|title=Long-term pattern and magnitude of soil carbon feedback to the climate system in a warming world|journal=Science|volume=358|issue=6359|pages=101–105|doi=10.1126/science.aan2874|author=Melillo|year=2017|pmid=28983050}}</ref> Nnyocha nke afọ 2018 kwubiri, "Mfu nke carbon ala na-emetụta ihu igwe na-eme ugbu a n'ọtụtụ gburugburu ebe obibi, yana ihe a na-achọpụta ma na-aga n'ihu na-apụta na ụwa."<ref name="Bond2018">{{Cite journal|author=Bond-Lamberty|year=2018|journal=Nature|volume=560|issue=7716|pages=80–83|title=Globally rising soil heterotrophic respiration over recent decades|doi=10.1038/s41586-018-0358-x|pmid=30068952}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFBond-Lamberty2018">Bond-Lamberty; et&nbsp;al. (2018). "Globally rising soil heterotrophic respiration over recent decades". ''Nature''. '''560''' (7716): 80–83. [[Bibcode (ihe njirimara)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2018Natur.560...80B 2018Natur.560...80B]. [[Digital object identifier|doi]]:[[doi:10.1038/s41586-018-0358-x|10.1038/s41586-018-0358-x]]. [[PMID (ihe njirimara)|PMID]]&nbsp;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30068952 30068952]. [[S2CID (ihe njirimara)|S2CID]]&nbsp;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:51893691 51893691].</cite></ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/carbon-in-soil-dirt-making-climate-change-worse-study-says|title=In vicious cycle, warmer soil results in carbon to be released into the atmosphere from the soil, making climate change worse, study says|year=2018|work=AP}}</ref> === Mmiri kpụkọrọ akpụkọ === Nri nke permafrost (ala oyi kpọnwụrụ), nke dị na latitudes dị elu, mpaghara Arctic na sub-Arctic, na-atụ aro dabere na ihe akaebe na-egosi ntọhapụ nke ikuku gas na-adịghị ala ala na mgbanwe ihu igwe na-aga n'ihu site na mgbanwe ikuku carbon ndị a.<ref>{{Cite journal|title=Climate change and the permafrost carbon feedback|journal=Nature|volume=520|issue=7546|pages=171–179|year=2014|doi=10.1038/nature14338|author=Schuur|pmid=25855454}}</ref> === Ihe na-eme ka ọ dị elu === Nnyocha e bipụtara n'afọ 2011 chọpụtara ihe a na-akpọ compost-bomb instability, nke metụtara ebe nkwụsịtụ na ikuku carbon na-agbawa agbawa site na peatlands. Ndị dere ya kwuru na e nwere nkwụsi ike carbon nke ala pụrụ iche maka okpomọkụ ikuku ọ bụla.<ref name="RS_2011">{{Cite journal|title=Excitability in ramped systems: the compost-bomb instability|journal=Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences|volume=467|issue=2129|pages=1243–1269|year=2011|doi=10.1098/rspa.2010.0485|author=S. Wieczorek, P. Ashwin, C. M. Luke, P. M. Cox}}</ref> N'agbanyeghị amụma ahụ na nguzozi carbon nke peatlands ga-esi na sink gaa na isi iyi na narị afọ a, a ka na-ewepụ usoro okike peatland site na ụdị usoro usoro ụwa na ụdị nyocha jikọtara ọnụ.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Loisel|first=J.|date=2020-12-07|title=Expert assessment of future vulnerability of the global peatland carbon sink|url=https://www.nature.com/articles/s41558-020-00944-0|journal=Nature Climate Change|volume=11|language=en|pages=70–77|doi=10.1038/s41558-020-00944-0|issn=1758-6798}}</ref> === Ihe Ndị A Na-ejighị N'aka === Ụdị ihu igwe anaghị atụle mmetụta nke mwepụta okpomọkụ nke biochemical metụtara mbibi microbial.<ref name="RS_2011">{{Cite journal|title=Excitability in ramped systems: the compost-bomb instability|journal=Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences|volume=467|issue=2129|pages=1243–1269|year=2011|doi=10.1098/rspa.2010.0485|author=S. Wieczorek, P. Ashwin, C. M. Luke, P. M. Cox}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFS._Wieczorek,_P._Ashwin,_C._M._Luke,_P._M._Cox2011">S. Wieczorek, P. Ashwin, C. M. Luke, P. M. Cox (2011). [[doi:10.1098/rspa.2010.0485|"Excitability in ramped systems: the compost-bomb instability"]]. ''Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences''. The Royal Society. '''467''' (2129): 1243–1269. [[Bibcode (ihe njirimara)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2011RSPSA.467.1243W 2011RSPSA.467.1243W]. [[Digital object identifier|doi]]:<span class="cs1-lock-free" title="Freely accessible">[[doi:10.1098/rspa.2010.0485|10.1098/rspa.2010.0485]]</span>.</cite><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment" data-ve-ignore="true"><code class="cs1-code"><nowiki>{{</nowiki>[[Àtụ:Cite journal|cite journal]]<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ([[:Category: CS1 maint: ọtụtụ aha: ndepụta ndị dere|link]])</span> [[Category:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list]]</ref> Ihe mgbochi na nghọta anyị banyere cycli] Mbelata na nghọta anyị banyere ịgba ígwè carbon sitere na ezughị ezu incorporation nke ala anụmanụ, gụnyere ụmụ ahụhụ na ikpuru, na mmekọrịta ha na microbial obodo n'ime ụwa decomposition ụdị.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Crowther|first=Thomas W.|date=2015-05-14|title=Biotic interactions mediate soil microbial feedbacks to climate change|journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences|volume=112|issue=22|pages=7033–7038|language=en|doi=10.1073/pnas.1502956112|pmid=26038557|issn=0027-8424}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=Lewis|first=Renee|date=2015-05-19|title=The diet of worms: Soil dwellers emerge as climate change heroes in study|url=http://america.aljazeera.com/articles/2015/5/19/worms-combat-climate-change.html|accessdate=2021-11-30|work=america.aljazeera.com}}</ref> == Hụkwa == * Nkwupụta ice na-acha odo odo * Mgbasawanye nke Polar * Okirikiri Biogeochemical * Ọnọdụ ihu igwe * Mweghachi ala == Edensibia == {{Reflist|3}} g6ik414i1b5hq7skf6b4n4y6dxxq1i5 0 25918 644135 112034 2026-05-30T17:33:09Z Mirah50 16972 Fixed reference errors 644135 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Tephigram.png|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|Tephigram]] [[Usòrò:Téphigramme_vierge.svg|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|Ihe odide tephigram]] '''Tephigram''' bụ otu n'ime eserese thermodynamic anọ a na-ejikarị eme ihe na nyocha ihu igwe na amụma. Aha ahụ sitere na aha mbụ "T--gram" iji kọwaa axes nke okpomọkụ (T) na entropy () eji mepụta atụmatụ ahụ.<math>\phi</math><math>\phi</math><ref name="UCD" /> Dị ka ọ na-adịkarị, a na-edepụta data okpomọkụ na igirigi site na radiosondes na eserese ndị a iji nyé ohere ngụkọta nkè nkwụsi ike convective ma ọ bụ convective available potential energy (CAPE).<ref name="UCD" /> A na-ejikarị ụdọ ifufe eme ihe n'akụkụ tephigram iji gosipụta ifufe na ịdị elu dị íchè íchè. == Nkọwa == Ọ bụ Napier Shaw mepụtara tephigram n'afọ 1915 ma jiri ya mee ihe na United Kingdom na Canada.<ref name="FAQ">{{Cite journal|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/268404457|format=pdf|title=Heat Transfer within the Earth-Atmosphere System|first=Matthias|author=Hoeh|date=13 March 2006}}</ref> Mba ndị ọzọ na-eji ihe osise thermodynamic yiri ya màkà otu ebumnuche mànà nkọwa nke owuwu ha dịgasị iche. Na tephigram, isotherms kwụ ọtọ ma nwee degree iri anọ na ise inclination n'aka nri ébé isobars dị larịị ma nwee obere curve. Adiabats ndị kpọrọ nkụ na-adịkwa n'ụzọ kwụ ọtọ ma nwee ogo irí anọ na ise n'aka ekpe ébé adiabats ndị na-ekpo ọkụ na-agbagọ.<ref name="UCD">{{Cite web|url=http://www.maths.ucd.ie/met/msc/Met-Labs/The-Tephigram.pdf|title=The Tephigram|publisher=[[University College Dublin]]|author=Meteorology and Climate Centre|work=M.Sc. in Meteorology|accessdate=January 18, 2012}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFMeteorology_and_Climate_Centre">Meteorology and Climate Centre. [http://www.maths.ucd.ie/met/msc/Met-Labs/The-Tephigram.pdf "The Tephigram"] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. ''M.Sc. in Meteorology''. [[Mahadum Dublin|University College Dublin]]<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 18,</span> 2012</span>.</cite></ref> Isi ihe méré British Met Office, Meteorological Service of Canada, na Met Éireann (Irish Meteorological Services) ji tephigrams mee ihe bụ ihe onwunwe na mpaghara ndị dị na curves nwèrè ike hà nhata màkà mpaghara hà nhata, na-eduga na ntụnyere ka mma nke CAPE na ya mèrè usoro convective.<ref name="UCD">{{Cite web|url=http://www.maths.ucd.ie/met/msc/Met-Labs/The-Tephigram.pdf|title=The Tephigram|publisher=[[University College Dublin]]|author=Meteorology and Climate Centre|work=M.Sc. in Meteorology|accessdate=January 18, 2012}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFMeteorology_and_Climate_Centre">Meteorology and Climate Centre. [http://www.maths.ucd.ie/met/msc/Met-Labs/The-Tephigram.pdf "The Tephigram"] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. ''M.Sc. in Meteorology''. [[Mahadum Dublin|University College Dublin]]<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 18,</span> 2012</span>.</cite></ref> == Hụkwa == * Ihe osise nke thermodynamic * Skew-T log-P eserese, ọdịiche nke [[Emagram]] * Ihe osise Stüve == Edensibia == <references /> == Akwụkwọ == * M.H.P. Ambaum, Thermal ''Physics'' of the Atmosphere, nke Wiley-Blackwell bipụtara, Eprel 16, 2010, peeji 240.  [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/978-0-470-74515-1|978-0-470-74515-1]] * R.R. Rogers na M.K. Yau, ''Short Course in Cloud Physics'', Third Edition, nke Butterworth-Heinemann bipụtara, Jenụwarị 1, 1989, peeji 304.  ISBN [[Special:BookSources/9780750632157|9780750632157]] [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] * J.V. Iribarne na W.L. Godson, ''Atmospheric Thermodynamics'', 2nd Edition, nke D. Reidel Publishing Company bipụtara, Dordrecht, [[Netherlands]], 1981, peeji 278, ISBN , == Njikọ mpụga == * Ngalaba nke Meteorology, Mahadum nke Reading peeji banyere tephigrams gụnyere pdfs nke agba na-enweghị ihe na monochrome tephigram. d11oolrl48k4yjfvd3435g84qzcuerb 0 25956 644396 139708 2026-05-30T22:44:28Z CommonsDelinker 87 Removing [[:c:File:Plaque_de_résidence_de_Desmond_Tutu.JPG|Plaque_de_résidence_de_Desmond_Tutu.JPG]], it has been deleted from Commons by [[:c:User:Bedivere|Bedivere]] because: per [[:c:Commons:Deletion requests/Files in Category:Blue plaques in Johannesb 644396 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}   [[Category:Articles with hCards]] '''Benedict Wallet Vilakazi''' (ụbọchị 16 ọnwa Jenụwarị afọ 1906 - ụbọchị 26 ọnwa Ọktoba afọ 1947) bụ onye edemede South Africa, onye sitere n'ezinụlọ eze Zulu, na onye dere uri Romantic n'asụsụ Zulu. Vilakazi bụkwa prọfesọ na Mahadum Witwatersrand, ebe ọ ghọrọ onye isi ojii South Africa mbụ kụziiri ndị ọcha South Africa klas Mahadum. N'afọ 1946, Vilakazi ghọkwara onye isi ojii South Africa mbụ natara PhD.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.sahistory.org.za/pages/people/bios/vilakazi-bw.htm|title=Dr. Benedict Wallet Vilakazi|author=Anonymous|date=2011-02-17|work=South African History Online|accessdate=2017-11-14}}</ref> '''Okporo ámá Vilakazi''' dị na Soweto, nke abara aha ya bu onye na-ede uri, bu ebe a ma ama dika okporo ebe Nelson Mandela na Archbishop Desmond Tutu biri otu mgbe. == Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ == A mụrụ Benedict Vilakazi Bambatha kaMshini n'afọ 1906 na obodo Groutville Mission Station dị nso na KwaDukuza, Natal (nke bụ South Afrịka ugbu a), nwa nke ise nke ndị Roman Katọlik Mshini ka Makhwatha na Leah Hlongwane. Nne ya, Oriakụ Leah Hlongwane Vilakazi, bụ nwa nwanyị Bangile, onye bụ nwanne nwanyị nke Queen [[Ngqambuza]], nwunye Eze Cetshwayo, yana nwanne nwanyị nke Right Reverend J Mdelwa Hlongwane ka Mnyaziwezulu, nwa nwoke Chief Matiwane. Vilakazi kewara ntolite ya n'etiti ịzụ ehi ezinụlọ na ụlọ akwụkwọ ozi ala ọzọ ruo mgbe ọ dị afọ 10, mgbe ọ gafere na St. Francis College na Mariannhill, ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị Roman Katọlik nke Mariannhillers guzobere.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://stfranciscollegemariannhill.co.za/history/|title=St. Francis College - History|accessdate=8 September 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170909005104/http://stfranciscollegemariannhill.co.za/history/|archivedate=9 September 2017}}</ref> N'ebe a ka e mere ya baptizim na aha "Benedict Wallet," ọ bụ ezie na nne ya siri ọnwụ na ọ nọgidere na-akpọ [[Ahà nnà|aha nna]] Vilakazi. Ọ nwetara asambodo nkuzi n'afọ 1923 wee kụzie na Mariannhill ma mesịa na seminarị dị na Ixopo. == Edemede, nkuzi, nyocha == N'afọ 1933, Vilakazi wepụtara akwụkwọ akụkọ mbụ ya ''Nje nempela'' ("N'ezie na Ezi"), otu n'ime ọrụ mbụ nke akụkọ ifo Zulu iji dozie isiokwu nke oge a. ''Ọ'' sochiri ya n'afọ 1935 na akwụkwọ akụkọ Noma nini yana nchịkọta uri ''Inkondlo kaZulu'', mbipụta mbụ nke uri Zulu nke Europe. Uri ya, nke amaokwu nke European Romantics nwere mmetụta dị ukwuu, webatara isiokwu edemede yana ma rhyme na mita uri nke a na-amaghị na akwụkwọ Zulu, ka ọ na-ejikọta ha na ihe [[Obodo Békè|ndị]] sitere na ọdịnala ''Izibongo'' nke abụ otuto. [[Usòrò:Mandela_House_8115.jpg|thumb|Vilakazi Street bụ ebe Ụlọ Mandela (na Ụlọ Tutu) dị na Soweto]] N'inweta B.A. na Mahadum nke South Africa n'afọ 1934, Vilakazi malitere ịrụ ọrụ na ngalaba ọmụmụ Bantu na Mahadụ nke Witwatersrand n'afọ 1936 n'okpuru onye ọkà mmụta asụsụ C. M. Doke, onye ya na ya mepụtara akwụkwọ ọkọwa okwu Zulu-English.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.sahistory.org.za/people/dr-benedict-wallet-vilakazi|title=Dr. Benedict Wallet Vilakazi|accessdate=2018-06-03|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180607225306/http://www.sahistory.org.za/people/dr-benedict-wallet-vilakazi|archivedate=7 June 2018}}</ref> Ọnọdụ nkuzi Vilakazi mere ka ọ bụrụ onye isi ojii South Africa mbụ kụziiri ndị ọcha South Africa na mahadum. Akwụkwọ akụkọ Vilakazi mechara gaa n'ihu na-enyocha ndụ kwa ụbọchị na omenala ọdịnala Zulu, dị ka ''UDingiswayo'' kaJob (1939) na ''Nje nempela'' (1944), nke bụ akụkọ nke ezinụlọ Zulu nwere ọtụtụ nwanyị. Uri ya ghọrọwanye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị n'oge ndụ ya, na-eme ihe nkiri banyere mmegbu na ịkpa ókè ọ bụghị naanị megide ndị Zulu, kamakwa megide ndị isi ojii ndị ọzọ nke South Africa. A makwaara Vilakazi maka ọrụ agụmakwụkwọ ya gbasara ọdịnala ọnụ na asụsụ Zulu na Xhosa, nke mere ka o nweta PhD mbụ a ga-enye onye isi ojii South Africa na ụbọchị16 ọnwa Maachị nke afọ 1946. Otu afọ mgbe ọ natasịrị nzere doctorate ya, Benedict Wallet Vilakazi nwụrụ na Johannesburg site na meningitis. A nabatara ma akwụkwọ akụkọ ya na uri ya nke ọma n'oge ndụ ya ma ka dị otú ahụ taa. == Nsọpụrụ ndị e nyere mgbe ọ nwụsịrị == N'abalị iri abụọ na asatọ n'ọnwa Eprel n'afọ 2016, e nyere Dr Benedict Wallet Vilakazi Order of Ikhamanga - Gold (OIG) maka "onyinye pụrụ iche o nyere n'ọhịa akwụkwọ n'asụsụ ụmụ amaala na nchekwa nke ọdịbendị isiZulu".<ref name="Govza">{{Cite web|url=http://www.gov.za/speeches/president-jacob-zuma-bestows-2016-national-orders-awards-28-apr-20-apr-2016-0000|title=President Jacob Zuma bestows 2016 National Orders Awards, 28 Apr|publisher=South African Government|date=20 April 2016|accessdate=8 May 2016}}</ref> == Ihe Nketa == Vilakazi Street dị na Soweto bụ naanị okporo ámá dị n'ụwa ebe ndị Nobel Laureate abụọ biri. Ọ bụ ebe [[Nelson Mandela]] na [[Desmond Tutu]] biri ma gụọ ya aha iji sọpụrụ Vilakazi.<ref>[https://www.flickr.com/photos/86834953@N00/45257234 Vilakazi Street Sign], photo on Flickr, accessed July 2013</ref> Dr B.W. Vilakazi Secondary School na Zola 3, a gụrụ Soweto aha Dr Vilakazi nwụrụ anwụ iji cheta ihe nketa ya. == Na nsụgharị == E bipụtara nsụgharị edemede nke R.M. Mfeka na Peggy Rutherfoord nke uri Benedict Vilakazi ''Umamina'' na anthology ''African Voices'': An Anthology of Native African Writing .<ref>Edited by Peggy Rutherford , ''African Voices: An Anthology of Native African Writing'', [[The Vanguard Press, Inc.]] </ref> == Ọrụ == * ''Inkondlo kaZulu'' (abụ uri), Witwatersrand University Press (Johannesburg), 1935. * Noma nini (akwụkwọ akụkọ), Yacindezelwa Emshinini Wasemhlathuzane (Mariannhill, Natal), 1935. * ''UDingiswayo'' kaJob (akwụkwọ akụkọ), Sheldon Press (London), 1939. * ''Nje nempela'' (akwụkwọ akụkọ), Mariannhill Mission Press (Mariannhill, Natal), 1944. * ''Amal'eZulu'' (abụ uri), Witwatersrand University Press, 1945. * Zulu-English Dictionary (ya na C. M. Doke), Mahadum Witwatersrand * [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] * Nini ebe((((Grotville,Natal. == Edensibia == <references group="" responsive="1"></references> [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] s4cp6s8ow2rgizhngn92va86wpf3zvi 0 26288 644197 112595 2026-05-30T19:30:58Z Wikipedian12512(alt) 61413 ce 644197 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox dam|name=Kilburn Dam|image=South Africa-Kilburn Dam-01.jpg|image_caption=The Kilburn Dam seen from the viewpoint on the [[R74 road (South Africa)|R74]] next to [[Sterkfontein Dam]]|name_official=Kilburn Dam|dam_crosses=[[Majaneni River]]<ref name="DWAF-Kilburn-Map">{{cite web|url=http://www.dwaf.gov.za/iwqs/gis_apps/dam/dams/kilburn.htm|title=Kilburn Dam|publisher=Department of Water Affairs and Forestry|accessdate=2008-10-22}}</ref>|res_name=Kilburn Dam Reservoir|location=[[KwaZulu-Natal]], [[South Africa]]|owner=Department of Water Affairs|dam_length={{convert|1100|m|abbr=on}}<ref name="ESKOM-PumpedStorage">{{cite web|url=http://www.eskom.co.za/content/Drakensburg%20FA%20Pg%2001-06.pdf|title=Pumped Storage Scheme|date=October 2005|work=5|publisher=[[Eskom]]|accessdate=2008-10-22|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20060923094828/http://www.eskom.co.za/content/Drakensburg%20FA%20Pg%2001-06.pdf|archivedate=2006-09-23}}</ref>|dam_height={{convert|48|m|abbr=on}}<ref name="ESKOM-PumpedStorage"/>|dam_type=earth-fill|dam_width_base=|construction_began=|opening=1981|cost=|res_capacity_total={{convert|36700|ML|acre.ft|abbr=on}}<ref name="ESKOM-PumpedStorage"/>|res_catchment={{convert|30|km2|abbr=on}}|res_surface={{convert|207|ha|abbr=on}}|plant_operator=Eskom|plant_commission=1981|plant_type=Pumped Storage|plant_turbines=4|plant_capacity={{convert|1000|MW|abbr=on}}|plant_annual_gen=|coordinates={{coord|-28.5846|29.0945|region:ZA_type:landmark|display=inline,title}}|location_map=South Africa|website=}} Kilburn Dam, ụdị mmiri jupụtara n'ala na akụkụ nke Tugela-Vaal ọrụ ngo mmiri na Drakensberg Pumped Storage Scheme, dị mita narị ise (1,600 ) ala karịa Sterkfontein Dam, na [[Mnjaneni River|Osimiri Mnjaneni]], nso Bergville, KwaZulu-Natal, mpaghara Ndịda Afrịka. E nyere mmiri ahụ ọrụ na afọ 1981, nwere ikike nke ọnụ Ọgụgụ ndịa ;36,700 bic mita (1,300,000 cu ft), na mpaghara elu nke narị abụọ na asaa hekta (510 acres), mgbidi mmiri ahụ dị mita iri anọ na asatọ (157 ) n'ịdị elu. Ebumnuche bụ isi nke nzukọ mmiri ahụ bụ iji rụọ ọrụ maka mmepụta nke a na akpọ hydro-electricity na ikike ihe ize ndụ ya dị elu (3). [[Usòrò:Drakensberg_Hydropower.png|none|thumb|Ọnọdụ Kilburn Dam na Drakensberg Pumped Storage Scheme]] == Hụkwa == * Ndepụta nke ọdọ mmiri na ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri na Ndịda Afrịka * Ndepụta osimiri nke Ndịda Afrịka == Ndemsibia == {{Reflist}} kmxrpa6rc9m015f2bygu7kc0vcixq4j 0 26329 644060 153945 2026-05-30T14:59:20Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 644060 wikitext text/x-wiki   [[Usòrò:LocationLibya.svg|thumb|350x350px|Ebe Libya dị.]] [[Libya]] bụ mba nke anọ n'nha n'etiti mba [[Eluàlà|Afrịka]] na nke iri na isii n'etiti obodo ụwa. Ọ dị na Mediterenian na Ijipt n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ, [[Tunisia]] n'ebe ugwu ọdịda anyanwụ, [[Algeria]] n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ. Ọ bụ ezie na nchọpụta mmanụ nke afọ 1960 ewetawo akụ na ụba dị ukwuu, n'oge nnwere onwe ya, ọ bụ steeti ọzara dara ogbenye nke naanị akụ dị mkpa yiri ka ọ bụ ebe dị n'etiti ugwu Afrịka. Libya dị n'ebe dị mfe iru mba ndị isi Europe ma jikọta mba ndị Arab nke Ndida Afrịka na ndị nke Etiti Ndịda eziokwu nke n'akụkọ ihe mere eme niile mere ka obodo ya na-agafe n'okporo ụzọ kama ịbụ ebe ndị dịpụrụ adịpụ na-enweghị mmetụta mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya. N'ihi ya, nnukwu ọdịiche mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya mepụtara n'etiti obodo ndị ahụ, ndị cosmopolitan na ndị mba ọzọ bi na ya, na ọzara, ebe ndị isi agbụrụ na-achị onwe ha na ebe mgbanwe mmekọrịta mmadụ na eze dị obere. == Nchịkọta ala == [[Usòrò:Libya_Topography.png|thumb|350x350px|Ọdịdị ala Libya.]] Ụsọ oké osimiri Mediterenian na Ọzara Sahara bụ ihe okike kachasị mma na mba ahụ. E nwere ọtụtụ ugwu ma ọ nweghị ezigbo ugwu ma e wezụga n'ọzara ndịda na-enweghị ihe ọ bụla dị nso n'ókè obodo Chad, ebe Tibesti Massif na-arịgo ihe karịrị mita ọnụ Ọgụgụ nke a nde abụọ na narị abụọ . Obodo dị warara n'ụsọ oké osimiri na steppes ugwu dị n'ebe ndịda ya bụ mpaghara ọrụ ugbo kachasị arụpụta ihe. Ka ọ dị n'ebe ndịda, mpaghara ịta ahịhịa nke ahịhịhịa na-eme ka ọ bụrụ nnukwu Ọzara Sahara, ala tọgbọrọ n'efu nke nkume na ájá. Ọ na-akwado obere ebe obibi mmadụ, [[Oru ugbo|ọrụ ugbo]] ga-ekwe omume naanị na oasis ole na ole gbasasịrị. Ọzara Sahara jikọtara ya na Gulf of Sidra n'ụsọ oké osimiri site na mpaghara ala kpọrọ nkụ, nke a maara dị ka Sirtica, nke nwere nnukwu akụkọ ihe mere eme. N'akụkụ ụsọ mmiri nke Tripolitania ruo ihe karịrị kilomita narị ato oases dị n'ụsọ oké osimiri na-agbanwere ebe ájá na ọdọ mmiri. N'ime ime obodo site na ndị a bụ Jifarah Plain, mpaghara triangular nke ihe dị ka skwer kilomita ọnụ Ọgụgụ ndị a :15,000. N'ihe dị ka kilomita otu narị na iri abụọ n'ime ala, ala dị larịị na-akwụsị na escarpment nke na-arịgo iji mepụta Ugwu Nafusa, nke nwere ịdị elu nke ihe ruru nde mita nke bụ nsọtụ ugwu nke Tripolitanian Plateau.<ref name="BarichGarcea2015">{{Cite journal|author=Barich|first=Barbara E.|title=Between the Mediterranean and the Sahara: geoarchaeological reconnaissance in the Jebel Gharbi, Libya|journal=Antiquity|volume=80|issue=309|year=2015|pages=567–582|issn=0003-598X|doi=10.1017/S0003598X00094047}}</ref> Na Cyrenaica, e nwere obere oasis dị n'ụsọ oké osimiri, na Marj Plain ala dị ala nke kwekọrọ na Jifarah Plain nke Tripolitania na-ekpuchi obere ebe. Ala ndị dị ala na-emepụta ihe dị ka kilomita narị abụọ na iri n'ogologo n'etiti Benghazi na Derna ma gbasaa n'ime ala ruo kilomita iri asaa N'ebe ọzọ n'ụsọ oké osimiri Cyrenaican, ndagwurugwu nke ala kpọrọ nkụ ruru n'oké osimiri. N'azụ Marj Plain, ala ahụ na-ebili na mberede iji mepụta Jabal al Akhdar (Green Mountain), nke a na-akpọ ya n'ihi akwụkwọ osisi ya nke pine, juniper, cypress, na olive ọhịa. Ọ bụ ala dị larịị nke nwere oke elu nke ihe dị ka mita iri itoolu . Site na Jabal al Akhdar, Cyrenaica gbasaa n'ebe ndịda gafee ebe ịta ahịhịa na-adịghị mma nke na-enye ohere maka Ọzara Sahara, nke na-agbasawanye n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ gafee ókèala Chad. N'adịghị ka Cyrenaica, Tripolitania anaghị agbasa n'ebe ndịda n'ime ọzara. A na-achịkwa mpaghara ọzara ndịda ọdịda anyanwụ, nke a maara dị ka Fezzan, iche n'oge ọchịchị ndị Ịtali na oge gọọmentị etiti nke ndị eze Libya. Nnukwu osimiri ndị a maara dị ka ergs nke Idehan Ubari na Idehan Murzuq kpuchiri ọtụtụ ala Fezzan. N'afọ 1969, gọọmentị na-eme mgbanwe gbanwere aha mpaghara Tripolitania ka ọ bụrụ Ndịda Libya, nke Cyrenaica ka ọ bụrụ Ndịda Libya, na nke Fezzan ka ọ bụrụ Ndịda Libya; Otú ọ dị, aha ochie ahụ nwere njikọ chiri anya na akụkọ ihe mere eme nke mpaghara ahụ, n'ime afọ ndị 1970s, a nọgidere na-eji ha eme ihe ugboro ugboro. Cyrenaica nwere 51%, Fezzan 33%, na Tripolitania 16% nke mpaghara mba ahụ. Tupu Libya enwee nnwere onwe, a naghị eji aha ya eme ihe ma e wezụga dị ka okwu ala na-edoghị anya. Ndị mmadụ họọrọ ka a kpọọ ha ụmụ amaala nke otu n'ime mpaghara atọ ahụ. Nkewa nke mpaghara ndị ahụ karịrị naanị mpaghara na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, n'ihi na ha agbanweela n'ụzọ dị ukwuu dị ka ụlọ ọrụ mmekọrịta ọha na eze dị iche iche nke ọ bụla nwere ọdịbendị, usoro mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya, na ụkpụrụ dị iche na ndị ọzọ. Cyrenaica ghọrọ ndị Arab n'oge dịtụ obere karịa Tripolitania, agbụrụ Beduin chịrị ya. Otú ọ dị, ndị fọdụrụnụ nke ndị Berber bi na Tripolitania ka nọ na Tripolitanie. Fezzan anọgidewo na-abụ ụdị ime obodo nke Ugwu Afrịka, oases ya ndị agbụrụ pere mpe bi na ya. Ókè àlà dị n'etiti Tripolitania na Tunisia nwere ọtụtụ ndị na-akwaga mba ọzọ n'ụzọ iwu na-akwadoghị. Enweghị ókèala okike na-egosi ókèala ahụ, na agbụrụ, asụsụ, usoro uru, na ọdịnala nke ndị abụọ ahụ fọrọ nke nta ka ha bụrụ otu. Mpaghara Cyrenaica dị n'akụkụ Ijipt, ebe a kwa, akọwaghị ókèala ahụ n'ụzọ okike; iwu na-akwadoghị nakwa nke iwu na-agafe ugboro ugboro. N'ụzọ dị iche, ókèala Fezzan na Algeria, Niger, na Chad anaghị agafefe n'ihi ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ihe efu nke ime obodo ọzara. Ihe ndị ọzọ, kwa, dị ka ụdị ọdịnala nke ala, dịgasị iche na mpaghara dị iche iche. N'afọ ndị 1980's oge nkewa ha ka na-apụta nke ọma iji gosipụta nnukwu ihe mgbochi maka mbọ iji nweta Libya zuru oke. == Mpaghara na ókè àlà == [[Usòrò:Dust_storm_over_Libya.jpg|thumb|300x300px|Oké ifufe uzuzu n'elu mpaghara Tripolitania nke Libya. Ihe karịrị 90% nke Libya bụ ọzara.]] '''Mpaghara''': ''Ngụkọta'': 1 759 540 km2 ''Ala'': 1 759, 540 km2 ''Mmiri'': 0 km2 '''Mpaghara - ntụnyere''': Libya bụ mba nke anọ kachasị ukwuu n'Afrika okpukpu asaa karịa [[Obodoézè Nà Ofú|United Kingdom]], ma buru ibu karịa [[Àláskà|Alaska]]. '''Ókèala ala''': ''Ngụkọta'': 4,348 km Ókèala ''mba'': [[Algeria]] 982 km, [[Chad]] 1,055 km, Egypt 1,115 km, [[Niger]] 354 km, [[Sudan]] 383 km, [[Tunisia]] 459 km Ụsọ oké osimiri: 1,770 kilomita '''Nkwupụta ụgbọ mmiri''': ''Oké osimiri'' mpaghara: 12 (22.2 km; 13.8 mi) ederede: Gulf of Sidra mechiri akara iri atọ na abụọ degrees, nkeji iri atọ n'ebe ugwu. ''Mpaghara akụ na ụba pụrụ iche'': 351,589 km2 (135,749.3 ) == ihu igwe na mmiri == [[Usòrò:Koppen-Geiger_Map_LBY_present.svg|thumb|300x300px|Ụdị nhazi ihu igwe Köppen na Libya.]] [[Usòrò:Libya_5210_Wan_Caza_Luca_Galuzzi_2007.jpg|thumb|300x300px|Wan Caza sand dunes na mpaghara Ọzara Sahara nke Fezzan.]] [[Usòrò:Jabal_Al_Akdhar.jpg|thumb|300x300px|Ebe Jabal Al Akdhar. Mmiri ozuzo na-ezo kwa afọ n'etiti 400 600 milimita (15.7 na 23.6 in).<ref>Federal Research Division of the Library of Congress, (1987), [http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?frd/cstdy:@field(DOCID+ly0046) <u>"Climate & Hydrology of "</u>], ''U.S. Library of Congress''. Retrieved July 15, 2006.</ref>]] [[Usòrò:Bayda-Snow.jpg|thumb|300x300px|Snow na Bayda, obodo nke anọ kachasị ukwuu na Libya]] [[Usòrò:Benghazi_coast.jpg|thumb|300x300px|Ụsọ oké osimiri nke Benghazi na Cyrenaica, n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ Libya. Libya nwere ụsọ oké osimiri Mediterenian kachasị ogologo n'etiti mba Afrịka.]] N'ime Libya, a matala ọtụtụ mpaghara ihu igwe ise dị iche iche, mana ihu igwe kachasị bụ ihu igwe Mediterenian na-ekpo ọkụ na ihu igwe ọzara na-ekwo ọkụ (Köppen climate classification ''Csa'' na ''BWh''). N'ọtụtụ ala dị ala n'ụsọ oké osimiri, ihu igwe bụ Mediterenian, na-ekpo ọkụ ma ọ bụ oge okpomọkụ na oge oyi dị nro. Mmiri ozuzo dị obere. Ọnọdụ ihu igwe dị jụụ n'ugwu, na oyi na-eme n'ebe kachasị elu. N'ime ime ọzara, n'agbanyeghị ịdị elu dị elu, ihu igwe nwere ogologo oge, oge okpomọkụ dị oke ọkụ na oke okpomọkụ n'ehihie n'ihi ịdịgide nke igwe na-enweghị igwe na ikuku kpọrọ nkụ. Okpomọkụ kachasị elu e dekọrọ bụ na iri na atọ Septemba ọnwa na afọ 1922 na 'Aziziya, Libya, mana na afọ 2012 World Meteorological Organization mebiri ọgụgụ a na-enyo enyo ma kwuo na Furnace Creek na Death Valley, [[California]] dekọrọ ezigbo okpomọkụ kachasị mma n'ụwa na 56.7 °C (134.1 ).<ref name="newRecord">{{Cite journal|author=El Fadli|first=Khalid Ibrahim|title=World Meteorological Organization Assessment of the Purported World Record 58°C Temperature Extreme at El Azizia, Libya (13 September 1922)|journal=Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society|volume=94|issue=2|pages=199–204|date=September 2012|doi=10.1175/BAMS-D-12-00093.1}}</ref> Ihe -erughị pasenti abụọ nke ala mba ahụ na-enweta mmiri ozuzo zuru oke maka ọrụ ugbo, mmiri ozuzo kachasị njọ na-eme na mpaghara Jabal al Akhdar nke Cyrenaica, ebe a na-edekọ mmiri ozuzo kwa afọ nke narị anọ ruo narị isii mm (15.7 ruo 23.6 in). Mpaghara ndị ọzọ niile nke mba ahụ -enweta ihe na-erughị narị anọ (15.7 in), na Sahara Desert nke iri ise mm (1.97 in) ma ọ bụ obere na-eme. Mmiri ozuzo na-agbanwe agbanwe, oke ọkọchị nwere ike ịgafe oge abụọ. Dị ka ọmụmaatụ, nnukwu idei mmiri na afọ 1945 hapụrụ Tripoli n'okpuru mmiri ruo ọtụtụ ụbọchị, mana afọ abụọ ka e mesịrị, oke ọkọchị a na-ahụtụbeghị mbụ kpatara ọnwụ nke ọtụtụ puku ehi. Enweghị mmiri ozuzo na-egosipụta na enweghị osimiri ma ọ bụ iyi na-adịgide adịgide, na ihe dị ka ọdọ mmiri iri abụọ na-adịkarị na-acha nnu ma ọ bụ nnu. N'afọ 1987, ọnọdụ ndị a gbochiri ikike ọrụ ugbo nke mba ahụ dị ka ihe ndabere maka akụ na ụba dị mma na nke dịgasị iche iche Gaddafi chọrọ iguzobe. A na-ewere nkesa nke obere mmiri dị ka ihe dị mkpa iji kwado ịdị adị nke akpọrọ Secretariat of Dams and Water Resources, na imebi isi iyi mmiri nwere ike ịta ahụhụ site na ịkwụ ụgwọ dị arọ ma ọ bụ ịtụ mkpọrọ. Gọọmentị ewuola netwọk nke ihe mgbochi mmiri na wadis, mmiri kpọrọ nkụ nke na-aghọ iyi mgbe nnukwu mmiri ozuzo gasịrị. A na-eji ihe mgbochi mmiri ndị a eme ihe dị ka ebe nchekwa mmiri na maka idei mmiri na nchịkwa mbuze. A na-ebi na wadis nke ukwuu n'ihi na ala dị n'okpuru ha na-adịkarị mma maka ọrụ ugbo, na tebụl mmiri dị elu dị nso na ha na-eme ka ha bụrụ ebe ezi uche dị na ya maka igwu olulu mmiri. Otú ọ dị, n'ọtụtụ wadis, tebụl mmiri na-ebelata n'ụzọ dị egwu, ọkachasị n'ógbè ndị ọrụ ugbo siri ike na nso obodo ukwu. Gọọmentị egosila nchegbu maka nsogbu a na n'ihi ya, ọ tụgharịrị ọrụ mmepe mmiri, ọkachasị gburugburu Tripoli, gaa n'ógbè ebe ọchịchọ maka ihe onwunwe mmiri dị n'okpuru ala dị obere. Ọ na-arụkwa ọrụ dị ukwuu maka iweghachi ọhịa. E nwekwara ọtụtụ isi iyi, ndị kachasị mma maka mmepe n'ọdịnihu na-eme n'akụkụ ihu nke Jabal Nafusah na Jabal al Akhdar. Otú ọ dị, ihe a na-ekwukarị banyere ihe ndị dị na mmiri bụ nnukwu mmiri dị n'okpuru ala nke ọzara. Nke a maara nke ọma n'ime ndị a dị n'okpuru Kufra Oasis na ndịda ọwụwa anyanwụ Cyrenaica. A na-enwe mmiri dị n'ime ala nke nwere ikike ka ukwuu n'akụkụ obodo oasis nke Sabha na ọzara ndịda ọdịda anyanwụ. Na ngwụcha afọ 1970, a gwuru olulu mmiri na Kufra na Sabha dị ka akụkụ nke nnukwu mgbalị mmepe ọrụ ugbo. Ọrụ ka ukwuu bụ nke a na-akpọ Great Manmade River, nke a malitere na afọ 1984. Ebumnuche ya bụ iji nweta nnukwu mmiri nke Kufra, Sarir, na Sabha oases na iburu mmiri na-esi na ya gaa n'ụsọ oké osimiri Mediterenian maka iji ya na ịgba mmiri na ọrụ ụlọ ọrụ.{{Weather box|location=Tripoli (1961–1990, extremes 1944–1993)|width=auto|collapsed=yes|metric first=yes|single line=yes|Jan record high C=32.2|Feb record high C=35.3|Mar record high C=40.0|Apr record high C=42.2|May record high C=45.6|Jun record high C=47.8|Jul record high C=48.3|Aug record high C=48.3|Sep record high C=47.2|Oct record high C=42.2|Nov record high C=37.2|Dec record high C=31.1|year record high C=48.3|Jan high C=17.9|Feb high C=19.1|Mar high C=20.7|Apr high C=23.7|May high C=27.1|Jun high C=30.4|Jul high C=31.7|Aug high C=32.6|Sep high C=31.0|Oct high C=27.7|Nov high C=23.3|Dec high C=19.3|year high C=25.4|Jan mean C=13.4|Feb mean C=14.3|Mar mean C=16.0|Apr mean C=18.7|May mean C=21.9|Jun mean C=25.3|Jul mean C=26.7|Aug mean C=27.7|Sep mean C=26.2|Oct mean C=22.9|Nov mean C=18.4|Dec mean C=14.6|year mean C=20.5|Jan low C=8.9|Feb low C=9.5|Mar low C=11.2|Apr low C=13.7|May low C=16.7|Jun low C=20.1|Jul low C=21.7|Aug low C=22.7|Sep low C=21.4|Oct low C=18.0|Nov low C=13.4|Dec low C=9.9|year low C=15.6|Jan record low C=-0.6|Feb record low C=-0.6|Mar record low C=0.6|Apr record low C=2.8|May record low C=5.0|Jun record low C=10.0|Jul record low C=12.2|Aug record low C=13.9|Sep record low C=11.8|Oct record low C=6.6|Nov record low C=1.1|Dec record low C=-1.3|year record low C=-1.3|rain colour=green|Jan rain mm=62.1|Feb rain mm=32.2|Mar rain mm=29.6|Apr rain mm=14.3|May rain mm=4.6|Jun rain mm=1.3|Jul rain mm=0.7|Aug rain mm=0.1|Sep rain mm=16.7|Oct rain mm=46.6|Nov rain mm=58.2|Dec rain mm=67.5|year rain mm=333.9|Jan rain days=9.4|Feb rain days=6.4|Mar rain days=5.8|Apr rain days=3.3|May rain days=1.5|Jun rain days=0.6|Jul rain days=0.2|Aug rain days=0.0|Sep rain days=2.3|Oct rain days=6.8|Nov rain days=6.9|Dec rain days=9.1|year rain days=57.4|unit rain days=0.1 mm|Jan humidity=66|Feb humidity=61|Mar humidity=58|Apr humidity=55|May humidity=53|Jun humidity=49|Jul humidity=49|Aug humidity=51|Sep humidity=57|Oct humidity=60|Nov humidity=61|Dec humidity=65|year humidity=57|Jan sun=170.5|Feb sun=189.3|Mar sun=226.3|Apr sun=255.0|May sun=306.9|Jun sun=297.0|Jul sun=356.5|Aug sun=337.9|Sep sun=258.0|Oct sun=226.3|Nov sun=186.0|Dec sun=164.3|year sun=|Jand sun=5.5|Febd sun=6.7|Mard sun=7.3|Aprd sun=8.5|Mayd sun=9.9|Jund sun=9.9|Juld sun=11.5|Augd sun=10.9|Sepd sun=8.6|Octd sun=7.3|Novd sun=6.2|Decd sun=5.3|yeard sun=8.1|source 1=[[World Meteorological Organization]]<ref name = tripoliwmo>{{cite web |url= http://worldweather.wmo.int/157/c01179.htm |title= World Weather Information Service – Tripoli |date= May 2011 |access-date= 13 April 2013 |publisher= World Meteorological Organization |accessdate= 12 May 2023 |archivedate= 13 March 2013 |archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20130313211320/http://worldweather.wmo.int/157/c01179.htm }}</ref>|source 2=[[Deutscher Wetterdienst]] (extremes and humidity),<ref name = tripoliDWD> {{cite web | url = http://www.dwd.de/DWD/klima/beratung/ak/ak_620100_kt.pdf | title = Klimatafel von Tripolis (Flugh.) / Libyen | work = Baseline climate means (1961-1990) from stations all over the world | publisher = Deutscher Wetterdienst | language = de | access-date = 28 March 2016}}</ref> Arab Meteorology Book (sun only)<ref name=Tripoliclimate>{{cite web | url = http://extras.springer.com/2007/978-1-4020-4577-6/Book_Shahin_ISBN_9781402045776_Appendix.pdf | title = Appendix I: Meteorological Data | publisher = Springer | access-date = 27 March 2016 | accessdate = 12 May 2023 | archivedate = 4 March 2016 | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20160304072830/http://extras.springer.com/2007/978-1-4020-4577-6/Book_Shahin_ISBN_9781402045776_Appendix.pdf }}</ref>|date=August 2011}}{{Weather box|location=Benghazi ([[Benina International Airport]])|width=auto|collapsed=yes|metric first=yes|single line=yes|Jan record high C=26.3|Feb record high C=31.7|Mar record high C=38.0|Apr record high C=39.0|May record high C=44.8|Jun record high C=45.6|Jul record high C=42.4|Aug record high C=43.9|Sep record high C=42.1|Oct record high C=38.3|Nov record high C=37.2|Dec record high C=30.0|year record high C=45.6|Jan high C=16.7|Feb high C=18.0|Mar high C=20.3|Apr high C=24.7|May high C=28.9|Jun high C=31.8|Jul high C=31.7|Aug high C=32.3|Sep high C=30.8|Oct high C=27.8|Nov high C=23.2|Dec high C=18.4|year high C=25.4|Jan mean C=12.5|Feb mean C=13.2|Mar mean C=14.9|Apr mean C=18.7|May mean C=22.5|Jun mean C=25.5|Jul mean C=25.9|Aug mean C=26.5|Sep mean C=25.1|Oct mean C=22.1|Nov mean C=18.2|Dec mean C=14.1|year mean C=19.9|Jan low C=8.3|Feb low C=8.4|Mar low C=9.5|Apr low C=12.8|May low C=16.0|Jun low C=19.2|Jul low C=20.2|Aug low C=20.8|Sep low C=19.4|Oct low C=16.5|Nov low C=13.3|Dec low C=9.9|year low C=14.5|Jan record low C=1.7|Feb record low C=1.7|Mar record low C=1.7|Apr record low C=3.9|May record low C=6.1|Jun record low C=10.0|Jul record low C=14.8|Aug record low C=14.4|Sep record low C=10.0|Oct record low C=10.8|Nov record low C=5.6|Dec record low C=3.9|year record low C=1.7|rain colour=green|Jan rain mm=67|Feb rain mm=42|Mar rain mm=29|Apr rain mm=9|May rain mm=4|Jun rain mm=0|Jul rain mm=0|Aug rain mm=0|Sep rain mm=4|Oct rain mm=18|Nov rain mm=30|Dec rain mm=65|year rain mm=270|unit rain days=0.1 mm|Jan rain days=13|Feb rain days=8|Mar rain days=6|Apr rain days=2|May rain days=2|Jun rain days=0|Jul rain days=0|Aug rain days=0|Sep rain days=1|Oct rain days=4|Nov rain days=6|Dec rain days=12|year rain days=55|Jan humidity=76|Feb humidity=73|Mar humidity=67|Apr humidity=58|May humidity=55|Jun humidity=55|Jul humidity=65|Aug humidity=67|Sep humidity=65|Oct humidity=64|Nov humidity=70|Dec humidity=74|year humidity=66|Jan sun=201.5|Feb sun=220.4|Mar sun=244.9|Apr sun=264.0|May sun=325.5|Jun sun=336.0|Jul sun=390.6|Aug sun=365.8|Sep sun=291.0|Oct sun=248.0|Nov sun=222.0|Dec sun=170.5|year sun=|Jand sun=6.5|Febd sun=7.8|Mard sun=7.9|Aprd sun=8.8|Mayd sun=10.5|Jund sun=11.2|Juld sun=12.6|Augd sun=11.8|Sepd sun=9.7|Octd sun=8.0|Novd sun=7.4|Decd sun=5.5|yeard sun=9.0|source 1=[[Deutscher Wetterdienst]]<ref name = BenghaziDWD> {{cite web | url = http://www.dwd.de/DWD/klima/beratung/ak/ak_620530_kt.pdf | title = Klimatafel von Benina (Bengasi-Flugh.) / Libyen | trans-title = Climate table of Benina (Benghazi Airport), Libya | publisher = Deutscher Wetterdienst | language = de | access-date = 27 March 2016}} Temperatures and precipitation days 1945–1977, precipitation 1961–1990, humidity 1973–1993</ref>|source 2=Arab Meteorology Book (sun only)<ref name=Benghaziclimate>{{cite web | url = http://extras.springer.com/2007/978-1-4020-4577-6/Book_Shahin_ISBN_9781402045776_Appendix.pdf | title = Appendix I: Meteorological Data | publisher = Springer | access-date = 27 March 2016 | archive-date = 4 March 2016 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160304072830/http://extras.springer.com/2007/978-1-4020-4577-6/Book_Shahin_ISBN_9781402045776_Appendix.pdf | url-status = dead | accessdate = 12 May 2023 | archivedate = 4 March 2016 | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20160304072830/http://extras.springer.com/2007/978-1-4020-4577-6/Book_Shahin_ISBN_9781402045776_Appendix.pdf }}</ref>|date=July 2012}}{{Weather box|width=auto|collapsed=yes|location=Sabha (1962–1990)|single line=Yes|metric first=Yes|Jan high C=18.9|Feb high C=22.0|Mar high C=26.1|Apr high C=31.8|May high C=35.7|Jun high C=39.2|Jul high C=38.3|Aug high C=37.8|Sep high C=35.9|Oct high C=31.3|Nov high C=24.9|Dec high C=20.0|year high C=30.2|Jan mean C=11.7|Feb mean C=14.4|Mar mean C=18.4|Apr mean C=23.9|May mean C=27.9|Jun mean C=31.4|Jul mean C=30.7|Aug mean C=30.4|Sep mean C=28.6|Oct mean C=24.1|Nov mean C=17.8|Dec mean C=12.9|year mean C=22.7|Jan low C=4.5|Feb low C=6.8|Mar low C=10.6|Apr low C=15.9|May low C=20.1|Jun low C=23.6|Jul low C=23.0|Aug low C=22.9|Sep low C=21.3|Oct low C=16.9|Nov low C=10.7|Dec low C=5.7|year low C=15.2|precipitation colour=green|Jan precipitation mm=1.1|Feb precipitation mm=0.8|Mar precipitation mm=0.5|Apr precipitation mm=0.5|May precipitation mm=0.3|Jun precipitation mm=0.5|Jul precipitation mm=0.0|Aug precipitation mm=0.0|Sep precipitation mm=0.4|Oct precipitation mm=2.1|Nov precipitation mm=0.9|Dec precipitation mm=1.1|year precipitation mm=|unit precipitation days=0.1 mm|Jan precipitation days=0.3|Feb precipitation days=0.3|Mar precipitation days=0.3|Apr precipitation days=0.2|May precipitation days=0.2|Jun precipitation days=0.1|Jul precipitation days=0.0|Aug precipitation days=0.0|Sep precipitation days=0.2|Oct precipitation days=0.6|Nov precipitation days=0.4|Dec precipitation days=0.3|year precipitation days=|Jan humidity=42|Feb humidity=37|Mar humidity=31|Apr humidity=22|May humidity=27|Jun humidity=27|Jul humidity=32|Aug humidity=30|Sep humidity=27|Oct humidity=29|Nov humidity=38|Dec humidity=40|year humidity=32|Jan sun=260|Feb sun=252|Mar sun=269|Apr sun=275|May sun=304|Jun sun=341|Jul sun=375|Aug sun=361|Sep sun=295|Oct sun=284|Nov sun=258|Dec sun=252|year sun=|source 1=[[World Meteorological Organization]]<ref name="SabhaWMO">{{cite web |url=http://worldweather.wmo.int/en/city.html?cityId=1195 |title=World Weather Information Service–Sebha |publisher=World Meteorological Organization |access-date=29 March 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160321111310/http://worldweather.wmo.int/en/city.html?cityId=1195 |archive-date=21 March 2016 |url-status=live }}</ref>|source 2=[[Deutscher Wetterdienst]] (humidity and sun 1961–1990)<ref name="DWDsabha">{{cite web |url=http://www.dwd.de/DWD/klima/beratung/ak/ak_621240_kt.pdf |title=Klimatafel von Sebha / Libyen |work=Baseline climate means (1961–1990) from stations all over the world |publisher=Deutscher Wetterdienst |language=de |access-date=29 March 2016}}</ref><ref name="DWDsun">{{cite web |url=ftp://ftp-cdc.dwd.de/pub/CDC/observations_global/CLIMAT/multi_annual/sunshine_duration/1961_1990.txt |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171017195327/ftp://ftp-cdc.dwd.de/pub/CDC/observations_global/CLIMAT/multi_annual/sunshine_duration/1961_1990.txt |url-status=dead |archive-date=2017-10-17 |title=Station 62124 Sebha |work=Global station data 1961–1990—Sunshine Duration |publisher=Deutscher Wetterdienst |access-date=29 March 2016 }}</ref>{{efn|[https://web.archive.org/web/20171017195318/ftp://ftp-cdc.dwd.de/pub/CDC/help/stations_list_CLIMAT_data.txt Station ID for Sebha is 62124] Use this station ID to locate the sunshine duration}}}}{{Weather box|width=auto|collapsed=yes|location=Kufra, Libya (Altitude: {{Convert|435|m|ft|0|disp=or|abbr=on}})|metric first=yes|single line=yes|Jan high C=21.0|Feb high C=23.0|Mar high C=28.0|Apr high C=33.0|May high C=37.0|Jun high C=39.0|Jul high C=38.0|Aug high C=38.0|Sep high C=35.0|Oct high C=32.0|Nov high C=27.0|Dec high C=22.0|Jan mean C=13.0|Feb mean C=15.0|Mar mean C=19.5|Apr mean C=24.0|May mean C=28.5|Jun mean C=30.5|Jul mean C=30.5|Aug mean C=30.5|Sep mean C=27.5|Oct mean C=24.5|Nov mean C=19.0|Dec mean C=14.0|Jan low C=5.0|Feb low C=7.0|Mar low C=11.0|Apr low C=15.0|May low C=20.0|Jun low C=22.0|Jul low C=23.0|Aug low C=23.0|Sep low C=20.0|Oct low C=17.0|Nov low C=11.0|Dec low C=6.0|rain colour=green|Jan rain mm=0|Feb rain mm=0|Mar rain mm=0|Apr rain mm=0|May rain mm=0|Jun rain mm=0|Jul rain mm=0|Aug rain mm=1|Sep rain mm=0|Oct rain mm=0|Nov rain mm=0|Dec rain mm=0|year rain mm=1|Jan rain days=0|Feb rain days=0|Mar rain days=0|Apr rain days=0|May rain days=0|Jun rain days=0|Jul rain days=0|Aug rain days=0|Sep rain days=0|Oct rain days=0|Nov rain days=0|Dec rain days=0|Jan humidity=45|Feb humidity=38|Mar humidity=33|Apr humidity=28|May humidity=24|Jun humidity=23|Jul humidity=23|Aug humidity=23|Sep humidity=27|Oct humidity=31|Nov humidity=42|Dec humidity=48|Jan sun=279|Feb sun=262|Mar sun=294|Apr sun=286|May sun=306|Jun sun=342|Jul sun=384|Aug sun=374|Sep sun=301|Oct sun=298|Nov sun=292|Dec sun=266|year sun=3689|Jan percentsun=84|Feb percentsun=83|Mar percentsun=80|Apr percentsun=76|May percentsun=75|Jun percentsun=85|Jul percentsun=93|Aug percentsun=94|Sep percentsun=85|Oct percentsun=84|Nov percentsun=90|Dec percentsun=82|source 1='''Climatemps.com'''<ref>{{cite web|title=Kufra Climate & Temperature|url=http://www.kufra.climatemps.com/|publisher=Climatemps.com|access-date=30 December 2014|accessdate=12 May 2023|archivedate=31 March 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180331051121/http://www.kufra.climatemps.com/}}</ref>|date=December 2014}}{{Weather box|width=auto|collapsed=yes|location=Bayda|metric first=yes|single line=yes|Jan high C=11.8|Feb high C=12.9|Mar high C=15.6|Apr high C=19.6|May high C=23.4|Jun high C=27.2|Jul high C=26.9|Aug high C=26.7|Sep high C=25.5|Oct high C=23.7|Nov high C=19.0|Dec high C=14.5|Jan mean C=7.9|Feb mean C=8.4|Mar mean C=10.6|Apr mean C=13.7|May mean C=17.1|Jun mean C=20.6|Jul mean C=21.4|Aug mean C=21.4|Sep mean C=20.0|Oct mean C=18.1|Nov mean C=14.2|Dec mean C=10.3|Jan low C=4.0|Feb low C=4.0|Mar low C=5.6|Apr low C=7.8|May low C=10.8|Jun low C=14.0|Jul low C=16.0|Aug low C=16.1|Sep low C=14.5|Oct low C=12.6|Nov low C=9.0|Dec low C=5.1|precipitation colour=green|Jan precipitation mm=121|Feb precipitation mm=105|Mar precipitation mm=58|Apr precipitation mm=25|May precipitation mm=9|Jun precipitation mm=2|Jul precipitation mm=0|Aug precipitation mm=0|Sep precipitation mm=6|Oct precipitation mm=38|Nov precipitation mm=55|Dec precipitation mm=121|source 1=Climate-data.org<ref name ="Baydaclimatecd">{{cite web |url=http://en.climate-data.org/location/3564/ |title=Climate: Bayda |access-date=27 March 2015}}</ref>|date=March 2015}} == Iji ala eme ihe == Ala: ọtụtụ n'ime ha bụ ala kpọrọ nkụ, ala dị larịị ruo ala dị larịrị, '''ala''' dị elu, ndagwurugwu Elu dị elu: ''ebe kachasị ala'': Sabkhat Ghuzayyil -47 m ebe kachasị elu: Bikku Bitti 2,267 m '''Ihe ndị sitere n'okike''': mmanụ ala, gas sitere n' okike, gypsum Ojiji ala: ''ala a na-akọ ugbo'': 0.99% ''ihe ọkụkụ na-adịgide adịgide'': 0.19% ''ndị ọzọ'': 98.82% (2011) '''Ala a na-agba mmiri''': 4,700 km2 (2003) '''Ngụkọta mmiri a na-agbanwe agbanwe''': 0.7 .7 km3 (0.17 mi) (2011) == Nsogbu gburugburu ebe obibi == '''Ihe ize ndụ sitere n'okike''': okpomọkụ, kpọrọ nkụ, ghebli jupụtara n'ájá bụ ifufe ndịda na-adịru otu ụbọchị ruo ụbọchị anọ n'oge opupu ihe ubi na ọdịda; ifufe uzuzu, ifufe ájá '''Mpaghara - nsogbu ndị dị ugbu a''': ọzara; obere ihe onwunwe mmiri dị ọcha; a na-ewu Great Manmade River Project, nke atụmatụ mmepe mmiri kachasị ukwuu n'ụwa, iji weta mmiri site na nnukwu aquifers n'okpuru Sahara gaa n'obodo ndị dị n'ụsọ oké osimiri '''Gburugburu ebe obibi - nkwekọrịta mba ụwa''': ''otu ha bụ dị na bekee ;'': Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Changing-Kyoto Protocol Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands bịanyere aka, mana a kwadoghị ya: Iwu nke Oké Osimiri == Ihe ndị dị oke mkpa == Nke a bụ ndepụta nke ebe ndị dị oke mkpa nke [[Libya]], ebe ndị dị n'ebe ugwu, ndịda, ọwụwa anyanwụ ma ọ bụ ọdịda anyanwụ karịa ebe ọ bụla ọzọ. * Ebe kachasị n'ebe ugwu bụ Ras Ajdir n'ebe ókèala ya na [[Tunisia]] na-abanye n'Oké Osimiri Mediterenian, Nuqat al Khams District * Ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ nke China bụ Marsa er Ramla n'ebe ókèala ya na Ijipt na-abanye n'Oké Osimiri Mediterenian, Butnan District * Ebe ndịda kachasị - ebe atọ na [[Chad]] na [[Sudan]], Kufra District * Ebe ọdịda anyanwụ - ebe a na-akpọghị aha n'ókè ya na [[Algeria]] ozugbo n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ nke Ghadames, Nalut District == Hụkwa == * Cyrenaica * Fezzan * Ndepụta obodo dị na Libya * Tripolitania * Nkọwapụta nke aha ebe ndị Libya == Ihe edeturu == <references group="lower-alpha" responsive="1"></references> <references /> == Ndemsibia == * This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain. .mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#3a3;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}Libya: A Country Study.Ngalaba Nnyocha Federal. *  This article incorporates public domain material from .mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#3a3;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}World Factbook. == Njikọ mpụga == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20070420175934/http://www.libyaconnected.com/Tourism.html Banyere Libya na Libya Connected] {{Libya topics}}{{Africa topic|Climate of}} 0oxo2nxyrxwpfjvp823eb5jsi7kiwp9 0 26523 644563 112965 2026-05-31T07:14:33Z Nachi kim 20090 Fixed reference error 644563 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''''The Dictator's Handbook: Why Bad Behavior is Almost Always Good Politics''''' bụ akwụkwọ na-abụghị akụkọ ifo nke Bruce Bueno de Mesquita na [[Alastair Smith (political scientist)|Alastair Smith]] dere n'afọ 2011, nke ụlọ ọrụ PublicAffairs bipụtara. Ọ na-ekwu maka otu ndị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị si enweta ma jigide ike ndọrọndọrọ ọchịchị. Bueno de Mesquita bụ onye otu na Hoover Institution.<ref name="Howker">{{Cite web|author=Howker|first=Ed|date=2012-08-12|title=The Dictator's Handbook by Bruce Bueno de Mesquita and Alastair Smith – review|url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2012/aug/19/dictators-handbook-de-mesquita-review|accessdate=2017-11-20|work=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref> Onye na-ede akwụkwọ ya bụkwa onye agụmakwụkwọ, ha abụọ bụkwa ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị.<ref name="Patriquin">{{Cite web|author=Patriquin|first=Martin|date=2011-12-16|title=REVIEW: The Dictator's Handbook: Why Bad Behavior is Almost Always Good Politics|url=https://www.macleans.ca/culture/books/review-the-dictators-handbook-why-bad-behavior-is-almost-always-good-politics/|archiveurl=|archivedate=|accessdate=2017-11-20|work=[[Maclean's]]}}</ref><ref name="Moynihan">{{Cite web|author=Moynihan|first=Michael|date=2011-09-24|title=Book Review: Dictator's Handbook|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424053111903703604576584933251186542|accessdate=2017-11-20|work=[[The Wall Street Journal]]}}</ref> Michael Moynihan nke The Wall Street Journal kwuru na ụdị edemede ahụ yiri nke ''Freakonomics''.<ref name="Moynihan"/> Moynihan gbakwunyere na nkwubi okwu akwụkwọ ahụ na-eme sitere na ngalaba akụ na ụba, akụkọ ihe mere eme, na sayensị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, nke mere ka ọ kpọọ ndị dere ya "polymathic".<ref name="Moynihan" /> Mesquita na Smith, ya na ndị edemede ndị ọzọ, dere banyere echiche "selectorate" n'akwụkwọ agụmakwụkwọ The Logic of Political Survival.: 1095<ref name="McLaughinp1096">{{Cite journal|author=McLauchlin|first=Theodore|date=Autumn 2012|title=Reviewed Work: THE DICTATOR'S HANDBOOK: Why Bad Behavior is Almost Always Good Politics by Bruce Bueno de Mesquita, Alistair Smith|journal=[[International Journal]]|volume=67|issue=4|pages=1095–1099|doi=10.1177/002070201206700414}}</ref>  ÑUsoro Netflix How to Become a Tyrant dabeere n'otu akụkụ na akwụkwọ a.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://decider.com/2021/07/13/how-to-become-a-tyrant-netflix-review/|title=Stream It Or Skip It: 'How To Become A Tyrant' On Netflix, A Snarky Docuseries That Provides A "Handbook" On Becoming A Dictator|publisher=[[New York Post|Decider.com]]|date=2021-07-13|accessdate=2021-07-14|quote=[...]''How To Become A Tyrant'', based on ''The Dictator’s Handbook'',[...]}}</ref> == Ihe ndị dị n'ime == Bueno de Mesquita na Smith na-arụ ụka na ndị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, n'agbanyeghị ma ha nọ n'ọchịchị aka ike ma ọ bụ na ọchịchị onye kwuo uche ya, ga-anọrịrị n'ọchịchị site na ime ihe dị n'ime ụlọ nke ndị na-ere ahịa ike, na ndị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ga-etinye aka n'omume ọdịmma onwe onye iji nọrọ na ya. ike.<ref name="Patriquin"/> Ha kwuru na ebumnuche nke ndị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị bụ "Ịbịaru n'ọchịchị, ịnọgide n"ọkwa na, ruo nʼókè ha nwere ike, ịchịkwa ego".<ref name="Moynihan"/> Isi ihe dị iche n'etiti ọnọdụ ọchịchị onye kwuo uche ya na ndị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na-achị ọchịchị bụ na ndị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị onye kwuo uche ya ga-eme ka ọnụ ọgụgụ dị ukwuu nke ndị na-ere ahịa ike na / ma ọ bụ ọha na eze ụtọ mgbe ndị ọchịchị na-eme ka ọ dị obere okirikiri. A na-akpọ ndị a dị ka nnukwu gọọmentị mmekọ ọnụ na obere gọọmentị mmekọ ọnụ. E gosipụtara ọdịiche ndị a n'ihe akụrụngwa emepụtara na obodo ndị ọchịchị na ndị ọchịchị onye kwuo uche ya. Na mgbakwunye, ndị ọchịchị aka ike, n'ihi obere okirikiri nke ndị na-ere ahịa ike, na-enwekarị ike ogologo oge.<ref name="Moynihan" /> Ndị dere ya kwukwara na ndị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na-emekarị omume bara uru mgbe omume ndị a baara ha uru ma ọ bụ mgbe ha ga-eme omume ahụ.<ref name="Patriquin" /> Akwụkwọ ahụ na-ekwukwa na enyemaka maka mba ndị dị n'ụwa nke atọ na'aka gọọmentị aka ike, ọ bụ ezie na enwere ike ịgbanwe ya iji nyere ndị chọrọ ya aka.<ref name="Brittan">{{Cite web|author=Brittan|first=Samuel|date=2011-11-20|title=The Dictator's Handbook|url=https://www.ft.com/content/3eb31cf6-1049-11e1-8211-00144feabdc0|accessdate=2017-11-20|work=[[Financial Times]]}}</ref> Mgbe ụfọdụ okwu okwu na-adị iche na ngalaba nke akwụkwọ. Samuel Brittan nke Financial Times rụrụ ụka na nke a na-enwe mgbagwoju anya mgbe ụfọdụ.<ref name="Brittan"/> == Nnabata == Martin Patriquin nke ''Maclean'' dere na ndị edemede "na-eme arụmụka dị egwu site n'ịtụgharị ihe ochie na ntị ya. Ike adịghị arụ ọrụ. Kama nke ahụ, ike na-adọta ndị rụrụ arụ. "<ref name="Patriquin"/> Ed Howker nke ''The Guardian'' kwuru na akwụkwọ ahụ na-eche na ndị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị niile na'ụzọ ezi uche dị na ya, nakwa na àgwà ya bụ nke na ọ na - na o mere ka m daa mbà n'ihe karịrị otu oge.<ref name="Howker"/> Ọ gbakwụnyere na "ọ dị mma ịgụ ihe akaebe" nke otu gọọmentị na usoro ọchịchị aka ike si arụ ọrụ.<ref name="Howker" /> Moynihan dere na akwụkwọ ahụ "nwere ọtụtụ isi ihe ndị dị mkpa".<ref name="Moynihan"/> Moynihan gbakwunyere na e nwere obere njehie n'ezie n"akwụkwọ ahụ nʼihi nnukwu oke ya.<ref name="Moynihan" /> Brittan dere na ọ bụ "nke kachasị eme ka ihe ọmụma dị n'ihe gbasara ọchịchị aka ike na mba ndị na-emepe emepe ma ọ bụrụ ọchịchị onye kwuo uche ya na ya ezughị oke dịka Russia maọbụ Iran".<ref name="Brittan"/> Theodore McLaughlin nke Mahadum Montreal kwubiri na ọ bụ “akwụkwọ mmeghe nwere ike ịrụ ọrụ” na “akwụkwọ nkwado nke na-ejikọta ntụpọ n'ezie n'ọtụtụ ihe omume ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị." kọwapụta ihe "njikọta mmeri" na "nhọpụta" bụ na okwu ndị ọzọ na nnyocha.<ref name="McLaughinp1096"/><ref name="McLaughinp1096" />  == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * ''[https://www.hachettebookgroup.com/titles/bruce-bueno-de-mesquita/the-dictators-handbook/9781610390453/ Akwụkwọ Aka Aka Ike nke Onye Ọchịchị]'' Aka ike - Ihe Ndị Ọha * [https://wp.nyu.edu/alastairsmith/ Homepage nke Alastair Smith na NYU] [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] [[Òtù:Akwụkwọ]] or9faysu3sy7noqnkj57to5tj28qscy 0 26886 644603 113583 2026-05-31T10:22:26Z ~2026-32314-82 62081 Fixed reference errors 644603 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}Talaat Moustafa Group Holding '''SAE''' (TMGH), bụ otu n'ime nnukwu ụlọ ọrụ mmepe ala na Egypt. E guzobere ya na 2007 dị ka ụlọ ọrụ na-ejide ụlọ ọrụ ndị dịbu adị, ụfọdụ n'ime ha bụ ndị Talaat Moustafa nwụrụ anwụ guzobere na 1970s, ma depụta ya n'ihu ọha na Egyptian Exchange na 2007.<ref name=":0" /> A maara otu a maka mmepe nke nnukwu obodo gated, yana ọtụtụ ụlọ oriri na ọṅụṅụ, ebe ọ bụ otu n'ime ndị na-emepụta ụlọ iri kacha elu edepụtara na Egypt n'ihe gbasara uru, yana ala, na-ejide ihe karịrị 16,000 acres na Greater. Cairo, kacha nke onye nrụpụta ọ bụla..<ref name=":0" /> == Ihe onwunwe == Ka ọ na-erule n'ọnwa Disemba 2021, onye kacha nwee òkè na Talaat Moustafa Group na 43% bụ TMG maka Real Estate na Touristic Investments SAE, ụlọ ọrụ nke ezinụlọ Talaat Moustfa (Tarek, Hani na Hisham Talaat Mo Gustafa, 60%) na ezinụlọ Saudi Bin Laden (40%).<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|author=Built Environment Observatory|date=2022-09-04|title=Who Owns Cairo {{!}} Fact Sheet: Talaat Moustafa Group Holding|url=https://marsadomran.info/en/2022/09/2777/|accessdate=2023-03-13|work=Built Environment Observatory|language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFBuilt_Environment_Observatory2022">Built Environment Observatory (2022-09-04). [https://marsadomran.info/en/2022/09/2777/ "Who Owns Cairo | Fact Sheet: Talaat Moustafa Group Holding"]. ''Built Environment Observatory''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-03-13</span></span>.</cite></ref><ref>{{Cite book|author=Talaat Moustafa Group|url=http://www.talaatmoustafa.com/Upload/Offering%20Circular.pdf|title=Offering Circular|year=2007|pages=97}}</ref> Site na stakes site na ụlọ ọrụ ọzọ (Alexandria Construction Company SAE) ụmụnna Tarek, Hisham na Hany nwere 34% nke ngwaahịa TMGH. Hisham Talaat Moustafa bụ onye isi otu kemgbe 2017 ruo ugbu a, ma nweebu ọnọdụ ahụ ruo 2008. Ọ rụkwara ọrụ dịka onye otu Shura Council (Upper House). Nwanna Tarek Talaat Moustafa bụ onye isi otu kemgbe 2008 na onye bụbu onye omeiwu. Onye nke abụọ kacha nwe oke bụ ezinụlọ Saudi Bin Laden, nke a ma ama maka nnukwu ihe owuwu ụlọ ha na obodo ha site na Saudi Binladen Group. N'Ijipt, ụmụnna Yehia na Omar Bin Laden nwere ego ntinye ego dị iche iche, na-enwe 17% nke TMGH site na 40% ha na TMG maka Real Estate na Touristic Investments SAE. Onye nwe oke nke atọ bụ ezinụlọ Saudi ọzọ, nke Abdelmoniem Alrashed, nwere 7% nke otu ahụ site na ụlọ ọrụ UAE, Rimco EGT Investment LLC..<ref>{{Cite web|title=RIMCO E G T INVESTMENT OWNED BY ABDULMONEM RASHED ALRASHED ONE PERSON COMPANY L.L.C|url=https://dcciinfo.ae/co/rimco-e-g-t-investment-owned-by-abdulmonem-rashed-alrashed-one-person-company-llc-dubai/246620|accessdate=2023-03-13|work=dcciinfo.ae|language=en}}</ref> Ndị nwe ụlọ ndị fọdụrụnụ bụ ego itinye ego, nke Norges Bank duziri bụ ndị nwere 3.3% nke òkè TMGH na 2021.<ref>{{Cite book|author=Norges Bank|url=https://www.nbim.no/hr/report/?category=eq&sortby=country&filetype=pdf&year=2021|title=GOVERNMENT PENSION FUND GLOBAL HOLDINGS OF EQUITIES AT 31 DECEMBER 2021|year=2021}}</ref> == Ọrụ == === Obodo na obodo === TMG na-akwado ụfọdụ mmepe obodo Egypt kachasị ukwuu, gụnyere obodo New Cairo nke Madinaty, El Rehab, Celia, na nke ewepụtara nso nso a, Noor. Mmepe ndị ọzọ gụnyere May Fair na El Sherouq City, El Rabwa na Sheikh Zayed City, Virginia Beach na North Coast nke Alexandria, na El Radwa El Khadraa na El Agamy. Na mkpokọta, TMG na-etu ọnụ ọgụgụ mmadụ karịrị nde mmadụ 1 n'ofe ọrụ ya, na-enye ya ọkwa kachasị elu n'ụwa maka onye nrụpụta onwe. === Ụlọ oriri na ọṅụṅụ na ebe ezumike === Mgbalị ile ọbịa nke TMG gụnyere Four Seasons Nile Plaza, Four Seasons Sharm El Sheikh, Four Seasans San Stefano, na Kempinski Nile Hotel. A na-ahụta Four Seasons Nile Plaza dị ka ụlọ oriri na ọṅụṅụ kachasị mma na nke kachasị nchebe na Cairo, na-enye nchebe ọkwa onye isi ala na ebe obibi nye ndị isi obodo na ndị isi gọọmentị na-eleta.. N'ịgbaso ọkwa na 2017 maka mmụba nke Four Seasons Sharm El Sheikh, mgbe emechara, họtel ahụ ga-abụ nnukwu Four Seasons Resort n'ụwa.<ref name="mubashar">{{Cite news|url=https://english.mubasher.info/news/3245142/TMG-Holding-invests-EGP-6bn-in-Four-Seasons-Madinaty-designs/|title=Mubashar English|work=Mubashar}}</ref> N'afọ 2016, TMG kwupụtara atụmatụ iwu ụlọ oriri na ọṅụṅụ Four Seasons na New Cairo onwunwe Madinaty, akụkụ nke mmepe na mgbasa 8,000 acres (3,200 ha) na New Cairo. E mere atụmatụ iji wuo ụlọ oriri na ọṅụṅụ Four Seasons na Luxor na 2008 mana etinyere ya n'ihi mgbanwe mgbanwe nke Egypt. N'afọ 2020, TMG kwupụtara atụmatụ ịga n'ihu na ọrụ a na Luxor, na-enye ego nke ijeri LE 1.5 iji wuchaa oge anọ nwere ọnụ ụlọ 200 n'ime obodo akụkọ ihe mere eme..<ref name="Enterprise">{{Cite news|url=https://enterprise.press/stories/2020/02/20/talaat-moustafa-to-set-up-four-seasons-branded-luxor-hotel-under-ppp-contract-12414/|title=Enterprise|work=Enterprise}}</ref> == Edensibia == <references /> == Njikọ mpụga == * [http://www.talaatmoustafa.com/ Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ Talaat Moustafa Group] gtmuz0yez4rfu3mnxpo2l7mcvrckoz9 0 27279 644044 114043 2026-05-30T14:19:34Z Chiziqa 13055 Fixed reference error 644044 wikitext text/x-wiki  {{Databox}} '''National Commercial Bank Limited''', nke a maara dị ka '''NCB''', bụ ụlọ ọrụ ego nke dị na [[Mauritius]] na isi ụlọ ọrụ ya dị na Port Louis.<ref name=":02" /> == Akụkọ ihe mere eme == Ewebatara '''National Commercial Bank Limited''' na Tọzdee Eprel 9, 2015 wee nyekwa ụlọ akụ nke Mauritius ikike ịzụ ahịa azụmaahịa na Fraịde Eprel 10, 2015. National Commercial Bank nwetara akụ na ụgwọ ụfọdụ nke ụlọ ọrụ Banking Bramer kwụsịrị ugbu a.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2015-04-08/mauritius-will-create-new-lender-to-take-over-bramer-amid-probe|title=Mauritius Creates Bank to Take Over Bramer Amid Ponzi Probe|date=April 8, 2015|accessdate=April 12, 2015|work=[[Bloomberg Business]]|publisher=[[Bloomberg L.P.]]|author=Vilbrin|first=Christina}}</ref> Nke a bụ mgbe ụlọ akụ nke Mauritius wepụrụ ikike ụlọ akụ nke Bramer Banking Corporation na-esote nsogbu ego na ụlọ akụ ahụ.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|url=http://www.ponzitracker.com/main/2015/4/3/mauritius-halts-693-million-ponzi-scheme-at-bank.html|title=Mauritius Halts $693 Million Ponzi Scheme At Bank|author=Maglich|first=Jordan D.|date=2015-04-03|publisher=Ponzi Tracker|accessdate=2015-04-09|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150926141330/http://www.ponzitracker.com/main/2015/4/3/mauritius-halts-693-million-ponzi-scheme-at-bank.html|archivedate=26 September 2015}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2015-04-03/bramer-bank-of-mauritius-shares-suspended-after-license-revoked|title=Mauritius Sees Ponzi Scheme ‘Evidence’ as Bramer Shares Halted|date=April 3, 2015|accessdate=April 9, 2015|work=[[Bloomberg Business]]|publisher=[[Bloomberg L.P.]]|author=Vilbrin|first=Christina}}</ref> E mere mbufe akaụntụ akụ na ọrụ nke ụlọ ọrụ ụlọ akụ Bramer mbụ na NCB na Satọde Eprel 11, 2015.<ref name=":02">{{Cite web|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/201504132537.html|title=Mauritius: National Commercial Bank Fully Operational|date=2015-04-13|accessdate=2015-04-14|publisher=[[AllAfrica.com]]|author=Government of Mauritius|authorlink=Government of Mauritius}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFGovernment_of_Mauritius2015">[[Gọọmentị nke Mauritius|Government of Mauritius]] (13 April 2015). [http://allafrica.com/stories/201504132537.html "Mauritius: National Commercial Bank Fully Operational"]. [[AllAfrica.com]]<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 April</span> 2015</span>.</cite></ref> Na Mọnde Jenụwarị 4, 2016, e jikọtara NCB na steeti Mauritius Post na Cooperative Bank iji guzobe Bank Mauritius ('''MauBank''').<ref>{{Cite web|title=Lutchmeenaraidoo: "L’argent des clients de l’ex-Bramer et de la MPCB est garanti"|url=http://www.lexpress.mu/article/273791/lutchmeenaraidoo-largent-clients-lex-bramer-et-mpcb-est-garanti|work=lexpress.mu|accessdate=2016-01-21|language=fr|first=Joëlle|author=Elix}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.maubank.mu/en/news/communique-transfer-of-undertaking-of-ncb-to-mpcb|title=News Communique: Transfer of Undertaking of NCB to MPCB}}</ref> Ụlọ akụ ahụ e hiwere ọhụrụ nwetara akwụkwọ ikike n'ụlọ akụ n'otu ụbọchị ahụ.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.maubank.mu/media/1101/maubank_communique_merger.pdf|title=Communique: Successfully merger of MPCB and NCB|date=January 5, 2016|accessdate=}}</ref> == Ihe onwunwe == National National Commercial Bank bụ [[Mauritius|Goomenti Mauritius]] nwere ya.<ref name=":02">{{Cite web|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/201504132537.html|title=Mauritius: National Commercial Bank Fully Operational|date=2015-04-13|accessdate=2015-04-14|publisher=[[AllAfrica.com]]|author=Government of Mauritius|authorlink=Government of Mauritius}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFGovernment_of_Mauritius2015">[[Gọọmentị nke Mauritius|Government of Mauritius]] (13 April 2015). [http://allafrica.com/stories/201504132537.html "Mauritius: National Commercial Bank Fully Operational"]. [[AllAfrica.com]]<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 April</span> 2015</span>.</cite></ref> == Oshishi == Ndị nduzi nke National Commercial Bank bụ: * Maazị Said Lalloo - (Onye isi oche), a họpụtara ya na Eprel 9, 2015. * Maazị Pravin Cumlajee (Director), họpụtara na Eprel 9, 2015. * Maazị Youk Siane Yip Wang Wing (Director), họpụtara na Eprel 6, 2015. * Maazị Anoop Nilamber (Director), họpụtara na Eprel 6, 2015. * Maazị Ram Prakash Nowbuth (Director), họpụtara na Eprel 6, 2015. * Maazị Nayen Koomar Ballah (Director), họpụtara na Eprel 6, 2015. * Maazị Louis Mario Hennequin (Director), họpụtara na Eprel 8, 2015. * Maazị Ashraf Esmael (Director), họpụtara na Eprel 9, 2015. == Hụ ihe nile == * Ndepụta ụlọ akụ na Mauritius * Ụlọ Akụ̀ nke Mauritius == Edensibia == {{Reflist|30em}} 43lbu6ln6adwmd1ywc1ad3zum8wcf7p 0 27370 644008 114163 2026-05-30T13:36:22Z Chiziqa 13055 Fixed reference error 644008 wikitext text/x-wiki   Ebe Ugwu Saịnaị a kọwara na Bible ka na-arụ ụka. Isi ihe nke esemokwu ahụ dị n'etiti narị afọ nke iri na itoolu. Akụkụ Akwụkwọ Nsọ Hibru na-akọwa usoro ihe ọmụmụ nke dị n'Ugwu Saịnaị n'okwu nke ndị ọkà mmụta dị nta, bụ́ ndị na-eso Charles Beke (1873), tụrụ aro, pụrụ ịkọwa ugwu ahụ n'ụzọ nkịtị dị ka ugwu mgbawa.[ Lower-alpha 2] [[Usòrò:Camels_and_members_of_the_artists'_travelling_party_resting_Wellcome_V0049455.jpg|áká_èkpè|thumb|Ugwu Saịnaị, na-egosi ịbịarute Ugwu Saịnaị, ihe osise David Roberts nke 1839, na The Holy Land, Syria, Idumea, Arabia, Egypt, na Nubia]] Ihe ndekọ nke Akwụkwọ Nsọ banyere inye ntụziaka na nkuzi nke Iwu Iri ahụ ka e nyere n’ime Akwụkwọ Ọpụpụ, nke bụ isi n’etiti isi nile nke 19–24, n’oge nke e kpọrọ Saịnaị aha ugboro abụọ, na Ọpụpụ 19:2; 24:16 . N'akụkọ ahụ, Saịnaị ka kpuchiri igwe ojii, [1] ma jijiji wee jupụta n'anwuru ọkụ, [2] mgbe ọkụ na-enwu, na ụzụ nke égbè eluigwe gwakọtara na mkpọ opi; [1] akụkọ ahụ mechara. na-agbakwụnye na a hụrụ ọkụ na-ere n'elu ugwu ahụ.[3] N'ihe ndekọ nke Akwụkwọ Nsọ, ọkụ na ígwé ojii na-esi kpọmkwem n'ihi ọbịbịa Chineke n'ugwu ahụ.[4] Dị ka akụkọ Akwụkwọ Nsọ si kwuo, Mozis gara n'ugwu ma nọrọ n'ebe ahụ ehihie na abalị 40 iji nata Iwu Iri ahụ, o mekwara ya ugboro abụọ n'ihi na ọ gbajiri ihe mbụ nke mbadamba nkume ahụ mgbe o si n'ugwu ahụ lọta na nke mbụ. oge.. A na-eche na Horeb pụtara "na-enwu ọkụ / okpomọkụ", nke yiri ka ọ na-ezo aka n'anyanwụ, ebe Sinai nwere ike isite na aha Sin, chi okpukpe Mesopotemia oge ochie nke ọnwa, ya mere ''Sinai'' na Horeb ga-abụ ugwu nke [[ọnwa]] na anyanwụ, n'otu n'otu.   N'otu aka ahụ, n'akwụkwọ ya Sinai & Zion, onye ọkà mmụta Bible Hibru nke America bụ Jon D. Levenson na-atụle njikọ dị n'etiti Sinai na ọhịa na-ere ọkụ (סנה Səneh) nke Mozis zutere n'Ugwu Horeb n'amaokwu 3:1-6 nke Ọpụpụpụ. Ọ na-ekwusi ike na myirịta nke Sînay (Sinai) na seneh (bush) abụghị ihe ndabara; kama, egwuregwu okwu ahụ nwere ike isite "n'echiche na ihe nnọchianya nke chi Sinai bụ osisi nke ụdị ụfọdụ".<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|author=Levenson|first=Jon|title=Sinai and Zion: An entry into the Jewish Bible|publisher=HarperOne|year=1985|isbn=978-0-06-254828-3|location=New York, NY|pages=20–21}}</ref> Deuterọnọmi 33:16 na-akọwa YHWH na "onye bi n'ime ọhịa".<ref>{{Cite book|title=The new Oxford annotated Bible with the Apocryphal / Deuterocanonical books|publisher=Oxford University Press|others=Coogan, Michael David., Brettler, Marc Zvi., Newsom, Carol A. (Carol Ann), 1950-, Perkins, Pheme.|year=2001|isbn=0-19-528478-X|edition=3rd|location=New York|language=Hebrew|oclc=46381226}}</ref> N'ihi ya, Levenson na-ekwu na ọ bụrụ na ojiji nke "bush" abụghị njehie odeakwụkwọ maka "Sinai," Deuteronomy nwere ike ịkwado njikọ dị n'etiti mmalite nke okwu Sinai na osisi.<ref name=":0" /> === Iso Ụzọ Kraịst === A maara ndagwurugwu ebe Petra bi dị ka ''Wadi Musa'', nke pụtara ''ndagwurugwum'' Mozis, na n'ọnụ ụzọ Siq bụ Ain Musa, nke sitere na ''isi iyi nke Mozis''; onye Arab na-ede akụkọ ihe mere eme na narị afọ nke 13 Numari kwuru na Ain Musa bụ ebe Mozis si n'ala weta mmiri, site na iji mkpara ya tie ya. O doro anya na a na-ewere Jebel al-Madhbah dị ka ihe dị nsọ karịsịa, ''ebe'' ọ bụ na a tụrụ ụlọ ememe a ma ama nke a maara dị ka The Treasury n'ala ya, a na-ekpuchi elu ugwu ahụ na ọtụtụ ebe ịchụàjà dị iche iche, a na ihe karịrị mita 8 nke elu mbụ ahụ ka a tụrụ iji hapụ ala dị larị nke nwere obelisks abụọ dị mita 8 n'ogologo na ya; obelisks ndị a, nke na-eme ka njedebe nke ụzọ na-eduga na ha, ma ugbu a bụ naanị mita 6 n'oghere, emeela ka ugwu ahụ bụrụ nke a maara ''Zibb 'Atuf'', nke ịhụnanya. Ihe nchoputa ihe ochie a chọtara n'elu ugwu ahụ na-egosi na e ji slate na-acha anụnụ anụnụ kpuchie ya, nke kwekọrọ na nkọwa Akwụkwọ Nsọ nke ''ọrụ'' nkume sapphire; ndị ọkà mmụta na-ewere na ihe odide Bible banyere sapphire agaghị ezo aka na nkume a na-akpọ sapphire n'oge a, ebe sapphire nwere ihe dị iche, ọbụnakwa egwupụtaghị ya, tupu oge ndị Rom.<ref>Cheyne and Black, ''[[Encyclopedia Biblica]]'', ''Hoshen''</ref> N'ụzọ dị mwute, iwepụ elu mbụ ahụ ebibiwo ọtụtụ ihe nchọpụta ihe ochie ndị ọzọ site na ngwụcha oge ọla nchara (oge ọkọlọtọ nke Ọpụpụ) nke nwere ike ịdị na mbụ. [[Òtù:All articles with unsourced statements]] 5gqi3wrxdw3sezw3pk0tqwwqflefkjm 0 27377 644112 214582 2026-05-30T16:03:30Z Neme244 16387 added DEFAULTSORT 644112 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Emmanuel Appiah''' amụrụ (21 Ọgọst 1987) bụ [[Ghana|onye]] ọchụnta ego Ghana na Chief Executive Officer nke Aireceive LLC, ụlọ ọrụ teknụzụ na [[Ghana]]. A maara ya dị ka onye mepụtara ngwa iji melite ịdị ọcha na [[Ghana]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://citinewsroom.com/2019/05/ghanaian-tech-firm-develops-app-for-plastic-waste-collection/|title=Ghanaian tech firm develops app for plastic waste collection|date=2019-05-31|work=Citi Newsroom|language=en-US|accessdate=2019-07-17}}</ref> ma kwurịta okwu n'ejighị ịntanetị.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=http://thespiritedhub.com/aireceive-communicate-without-the-internet-evolution-of-a-dream/|title=Aireceive: Communicate Without The Internet, Evolution of A Dream|date=2017-10-30|work=The Spirited Hub|language=en-GB|accessdate=2019-07-17|archivedate=2019-07-17|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190717173100/http://thespiritedhub.com/aireceive-communicate-without-the-internet-evolution-of-a-dream/}}</ref> == Agụmakwụkwọ == Ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Mahadum Mines na Technology ebe ọ gụrụ Mechanical Engineering. O jikwa asambodo na netwọk GSM na Architecture site na Central Professional Institute,Ogwu, Ghana . == Ọrụ na ndụ == A maara ya maka ịmepụta teknụzụ, Aireceive, nke bụ ikpo okwu nke na-enye gị ohere iso ndị mmadụ kwurịta okwu n'ejighị ịntanetị.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.facebook.com/aireceive/|title=Aireceive LLC|work=www.facebook.com|language=en|accessdate=2019-07-20}}</ref> Nkà na ụzụ nke na-achọghị akara sitere n'aka ndị na-enye netwọk.<ref name=":0"/> Aireceive na-eziga foto na ozi n'ime mita 250 site na ngwaọrụ. A nwalere ya na Mahadum nke Mines na Teknụzụ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.umat.edu.gh/|title=Welcome to University of Mines and Technology, Tarkwa, Ghana|work=www.umat.edu.gh|accessdate=2019-07-20}}</ref> Ọ mepụtara ngwa "WONELCYCLER" nke na-enyocha ndị nwere karama efu na-ejighi ịntanetị wee kwụọ ụgwọ. O nyela ndị na-ere ahịa ohere ọrụ na-ezukọ n'ebe a họpụtara ma na-emeziwanye ịdị ọcha na Ghana.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pulse.com.gh/bi/tech/a-ghanaian-tech-group-develops-a-software-app-for-plastic-waste-collection-and/w48lvl9|title=A Ghanaian tech group develops a software app for plastic waste collection and recycling|date=2019-05-31|work=www.pulse.com.gh|language=en-US|accessdate=2019-07-17|archivedate=2019-07-15|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190715144657/https://www.pulse.com.gh/bi/tech/a-ghanaian-tech-group-develops-a-software-app-for-plastic-waste-collection-and/w48lvl9}}</ref> == Mmezu == * N'August 8, 2019, ọ natara ego gọọmentị nke GH 20,000.00 site na GH 97,800.00 a rịọrọ na National Entrepreneurship and Innovation Programme (N.E.I.P) maka mmepe nke Aireceive na 10% ịkwụ ụgwọ gọọmentị, na ego ndị ọzọ a ga-enye n'ime afọ abụọ mbụ nke ịkwụ ụgwọ GH 20,000 mbụ na-etinye ọnụahịa ụlọ ọrụ n'etiti GH 200,000.00 na GH 970,000.00.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://neip.gov.gh/|title=Home|work=National Entrepreneurship and Innovation Programme|language=en-US|accessdate=2019-07-20}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://neip.gov.gh/1350-businesses-benefit-from-presidential-business-support-programme/|title=1,350 Businesses benefit from presidential Business Support Programme|work=National Entrepreneurship and Innovation Programme|language=en-US|accessdate=2019-07-19|archivedate=2020-09-28|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200928222914/http://neip.gov.gh/1350-businesses-benefit-from-presidential-business-support-programme/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.myjoyonline.com/news/2018/July-21st/government-to-award-1300-neip-beneficiaries.php|title=Government to award 1,300 NEIP beneficiaries|work=www.myjoyonline.com|accessdate=2019-07-19}}</ref> * Ngwa ya Wonelcycer pụtara dị ka ndị mmeri nke Winners of Creatives na Augmented Reality Enterprises (CARE) hackathon na Septemba 2018 na Kumasi Hive, Kentinkrono. Wonecyccer pụtara dị ka ndị mmeri n'ihi na ọ bụ ngwa ngwa Augmented reality picking na-akụzi inye ozi gbasara uru ya n'ahịa. Hackathon hụrụ ìgwè iri na-atụ aro ha na ìgwè atọ mbụ na-enweta 250 Euro nke ọ bụla. Ọ bụ Kumasi Hive haziri mmemme ahụ na British Council na Department of Communication na Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology na-elekwasị anya n'ịzụ ndị sonyere na Augmented reality.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.britishcouncil.org.gh/%3Cfront%3E|title=British Council {{!}} Ghana|work=www.britishcouncil.org.gh|language=en|accessdate=2019-07-20}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://focusfmonline.com/care-hackathon-winners-to-buy-plastic-waste-from-ghanaians-to-recycle/|title=CARE Hackathon: Winners to Buy plastic Waste From Ghanaians to Recycle|date=2018-09-24|work=FocusFmOnline|language=en-US|accessdate=2019-07-17}}</ref> * Ngwa ahụ bịakwara 1st Runner Up na UNICEF Generation Unlimited Youth Challenge Hackathon na ọnụahịa ego nke $ 750.00. * O bipụtara nyocha nyocha gbasara mmepe nke ọchụnta ego site na Omume Nchịkwa Ọha na Eze.<ref>{{Cite journal|title=A Study on Development of Entrepreneurship through Effective Human Resource Management Practices – An Empirical Investigation|author=Appiah|first=Emmanuel|journal=Texila International Journal of Management|date=2019|pages=196–201|doi=10.21522/tijmg.2015.se.19.01.art019|language=en}}</ref> == Ntụaka == <references /> {{DEFAULTSORT:Appiah, Emmanuel}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] h3302f2c84xmze69yuy11ibu1kfipqy 0 27379 644023 116409 2026-05-30T13:59:54Z Chiziqa 13055 Fixed reference error 644023 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Usòrò:MTVernonseenfromtheriver.jpg|thumb|MTVernonseenfromtheriver]] {{Infobox NRHP|name=Mount Vernon|image=WestFrontMansionMountVernon.jpg|caption=|coordinates={{coord|38.7080|-77.0861|region:US-VA_type:landmark|format=dms|display=inline,title}}|mapframe=yes|mapframe-marker=building|mapframe-zoom=11|mapframe-caption=|map_alt=|map_caption=Location in northern Virginia|location=[[Fairfax County, Virginia]]|nearest_city=[[Alexandria, Virginia]]|area={{convert|500|acre|ha}}|built={{Start date and age|1758}}|architect=|architecture=[[Palladian architecture|Palladian]]|nrhp_type=nhl|designated_nrhp_type=December 19, 1960<ref name=landmark>{{cite web|url=https://www.nps.gov/subjects/nationalhistoriclandmarks/list-of-nhls-by-state.htm|title=List of NHLs by State|work=[[National Historic Landmark]]s|date=December 2016|location=Washington, D.C.|publisher=[[United States Department of the Interior]]: [[National Park Service]]|access-date=October 26, 2020}} {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201023014928/https://www.nps.gov/subjects/nationalhistoriclandmarks/list-of-nhls-by-state.htm|date=October 23, 2020}}</ref>|added=October 15, 1966<ref name=register>(1) {{cite web|url=https://npgallery.nps.gov/AssetDetail/45f4a899-68ad-4a46-acc9-ac2263cea9dc|title=Mount Vernon|work=NPGallery Digital Asset Management System: National Register Digital Assets|publisher=[[United States Department of the Interior]]: [[National Park Service]]|access-date=October 26, 2020}} {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201021161144/https://npgallery.nps.gov/AssetDetail/45f4a899-68ad-4a46-acc9-ac2263cea9dc|date=October 21, 2020}}.<br>(2) {{cite journal|url=https://tile.loc.gov/storage-services/service/ll/fedreg/fr044/fr044026/fr044026.pdf|title=Department of the Interior: Heritage Conservation and Recreation Service: National Register of Historic Places: Annual Listing of Historic Properties: Virginia: Fairfax County|journal=[[Federal Register]]|volume=24|issue=26: Book 2|date=February 6, 1979|page=7614|publisher=[[National Archives and Records Administration|National Archives]]|quote=Alexandria vicinity. MOUNT VERNON, 7 mi. S of Alexandria on George Washington Memorial Pkwy., (10-15-66) PH0036030 [[National Historic Landmark|NHL]]; [[Heritage Documentation Programs#Historic American Buildings Survey|HABS]].|via=[[Library of Congress]]|access-date=October 26, 2020}} {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200622130016/https://tile.loc.gov/storage-services/service/ll/fedreg/fr044/fr044026/fr044026.pdf|date=June 22, 2020}}.</ref>|refnum=66000833<ref name=register/>|designated_other1=Virginia Landmarks Register|designated_other1_date=September 9, 1969<ref name=valandmark>{{cite web|title= Virginia Landmarks Register|url=https://www.dhr.virginia.gov/historic-registers/029-0054/|publisher=[[Virginia Department of Historic Resources]]|access-date=May 15, 2016}}{{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200809015317/https://www.dhr.virginia.gov/historic-registers/029-0054/|date=August 9, 2020}}</ref>|designated_other1_number=029-0054<ref name=valandmark/>|designated_other1_num_position=bottom}} Ugwu Vernon bụ ihe ama ama ama ama ama ama ama ama ama ama ama ama ama ama ama ama ama ama ama ama ama ama ama ama ama ama ama ama ama ama ama ama ama ama ama ama ama ama ama ama ama ) America, yana onye isi ala mbụ nke United States George Washington na nwunye ya, Martha. Ala ahụ dị n'akụkụ Osimiri Potomac dị na Fairfax County, Virginia. Ọ dị na ndịda Washington, D.C., na Alexandria, Virginia, ma dị n'ofe osimiri ahụ site na Prince George's County, Maryland. Ezinụlọ Washington nwetara ala n'ógbè ahụ na 1674. N'ihe dị ka 1734, ezinụlọ ahụ malitere ịgbasawanye ala ya nke gara n'ihu n'okpuru George Washington, onye malitere ịgbazite ala ahụ na 1754 tupu ọ bụrụ naanị onye nwe ya na 1761.<ref name="auto">{{Cite web|url=https://www.mountvernon.org/the-estate-gardens/the-mansion/expansion-of-mount-vernons-mansion/|title=Expansion of Mount Vernon's Mansion|work=George Washington's Mount Vernon|language=en|accessdate=2018-11-05|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181106004817/https://www.mountvernon.org/the-estate-gardens/the-mansion/expansion-of-mount-vernons-mansion/|archivedate=6 November 2018}}</ref> .<ref name="auto">{{Cite web|url=https://www.mountvernon.org/the-estate-gardens/the-mansion/expansion-of-mount-vernons-mansion/|title=Expansion of Mount Vernon's Mansion|work=George Washington's Mount Vernon|language=en|accessdate=2018-11-05|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181106004817/https://www.mountvernon.org/the-estate-gardens/the-mansion/expansion-of-mount-vernons-mansion/|archivedate=6 November 2018}}</ref>.<ref name="auto" />E ji osisi wuo ụlọ ahụ n'ụdị Palladian rụrụ arụ; Ọ bụ nna George Washington bụ Augustine wuru ụlọ mbụ, gburugburu 1734.[1] George Washington gbasaara ụlọ ahụ ugboro abụọ, otu ugboro na njedebe 1750 na ọzọ na 1770s.[1] Ọ nọgidere n'ụlọ Washington maka oge ndụ ya fọdụrụnụ. Mgbe ọ nwụsịrị na 1799, n'okpuru ikike nke ọtụtụ ọgbọ nke ezinụlọ na-esochi ya, ala ahụ ji nke nta nke nta daa n'ihi na ego ha nwetara ezughi oke iji dokwa ya nke ọma. N'afọ 1858, a ghọtara mkpa ụlọ ahụ dị n'akụkọ ihe mere eme ma bụrụ nke Mount Vernon Ladies' Association weghaara; nzukọ a nwetara ya na akụkụ nke ala Washington. Nnukwu ụlọ ahụ na ụlọ ndị gbara ya gburugburu gbanahụrụ mmebi site na [[Agha Obodo America]] nke ọtụtụ ihe onwunwe dị n'ime Steeti Confederate nke America tara ahụhụ. A họpụtara Ugwu Vernon dị ka National Historic Landmark na 1960 ma depụta ya na National Register of Historic Places . Ọ ka bụ nke Mount Vernon Ladies' Association nwere ma na-echekwa ya, na-emeghe ya kwa ụbọchị maka ọha na eze.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.mountvernon.org/plan-your-visit/directions-parking-transportation/|title=Hours & Directions|work=George Washington's Mount Vernon|language=en|accessdate=2018-11-05|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181106132306/https://www.mountvernon.org/plan-your-visit/directions-parking-transportation/|archivedate=6 November 2018}}</ref> Ịkwado ndị mmadụ ịhụ ala ahụ bụ akụkụ nke omenala karịrị afọ 200 nke George Washington malitere. N'afọ 1794 o dere, sị: "Enweghị m ihe na-emegide onye ọ bụla dị ọcha ma ọ bụ onye dị n'usoro na-eme ka ọchịchọ ịmata ihe ha na-ele ụlọ, ogige, &ca. banyere Ugwu Vernon. "<ref name="Pearce letter">[[George Washington]], letter to William Pearce (23 November 1794)</ref> == Aha ya == <ref>{{Cite web|title=Frequently Asked Questions|url=http://gwpapers.virginia.edu/project/faq/mtvernon.html|work=The Papers of George Washington|publisher=University of Virginia|accessdate=25 May 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130530010843/http://gwpapers.virginia.edu/project/faq/mtvernon.html|archivedate=30 May 2013}}</ref>Mgbe ndị nna nna George Washington nwetara ala na ụlọ ahụ, a maara ya dị ka Little Hunting Creek Plantation, na-esote Little Hunting Creek dị nso.[7] Agbanyeghị, mgbe nwanne nne Washington nke okenye, Lawrence Washington, ketara ya, ọ kpọgharịrị ya aha ya mgbe Vice Admiral Edward Vernon, [1] onye bụbu onye isi ya n'oge Agha Jenkins 'Ear wee weghara Portobelo n'aka ndị Spen. [nke chọrọ] Mgbe George Washington ketara ihe onwunwe ahụ, ọ nọgidere na-aha ya.[7] === Ihe owuwu === E wuru nnukwu ụlọ dị ugbu a n'ụzọ dị iche iche site na ihe dị ka 1734, site n'aka onye na-amaghị ama, n'okpuru nlekọta Augustine Washington.<ref name="auto" /> A na-egosi mgbanwe a na-enweghị atụ site na ọnụ ụzọ dị n'etiti. Dị ka e wuchara ma hụ ya taa, ụlọ ahụ dị n'ụdị Palladian. Isi ụlọ ahụ, nke malitere n'ihe dị ka 1734, bụ ụlọ nwere otu okpukpu nke nwere garret.<ref name="auto" /> N'afọ 1750, e buliri elu ụlọ ahụ ruo okpukpu nke abụọ zuru oke na okpukpu nke atọ. E nwekwara mgbatị otu okpukpu agbakwunyere n'ebe ugwu na n'ebe ndịda nke ụlọ ahụ; a kwaturu ndị a n'oge owuwu ọzọ.<ref name="auto1">{{Cite web|url=https://www.mountvernon.org/the-estate-gardens/the-mansion/expansion-of-mount-vernons-mansion/|title=Expansion of Mount Vernon's Mansion|work=George Washington's Mount Vernon|language=en|accessdate=2018-11-07|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181106004817/https://www.mountvernon.org/the-estate-gardens/the-mansion/expansion-of-mount-vernons-mansion/|archivedate=6 November 2018}}</ref> Nnukwu ụlọ nke oge a bụ 11,028 ft (1,025 m2).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.mountvernon.org/the-estate-gardens/the-mansion/|title=The Mansion|work=George Washington's Mount Vernon|language=en|accessdate=2019-02-05|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180910135143/https://www.mountvernon.org/the-estate-gardens/the-mansion/|archivedate=10 September 2018}}</ref> Corps de logis nwere elu ụlọ nwere dormers na nku nke abụọ nwere elu ''ụlọ'' gable na dormers. Na mgbakwunye na akụkọ nke abụọ ya, a na-ekwusi ike na mkpa nke corps de logis site na nnukwu anwụrụ ọkụ abụọ na-agbapu n'elu ụlọ na site na okpokoro dị n'etiti ''ụlọ'' ahụ; ebe a nwere akụkụ asatọ nwere obere ogidi nke nwere nduru ọla edo nke udo.<ref name="History">{{Cite web|title=History of Mount Vernon|url=http://www.mountvernon.org/learn/explore_mv/index.cfm/ss/27/|publisher=Mountvernon.com|accessdate=8 August 2011|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110811165542/http://www.mountvernon.org/learn/explore_mv/index.cfm/ss/27|archivedate=11 August 2011}}</ref> Ntọala a nke okpokoro ahụ dị n'ụdị Carolean mbụ karịa Palladian ma eleghị anya etinye ya iji melite ikuku nke okpokọta ahụ buru ibu ma melite nhazi zuru oke nke ihe owuwu na nku abụọ; okpo === Ime === E weghachiri ọnụ ụlọ ndị dị na Mount Vernon ka ha dị n'oge George na Martha Washington bi. Ọnụ ụlọ gụnyere ụlọ ọmụmụ Washington, ụlọ iri nri abụọ (nke ka ukwuu a maara dị ka Ụlọ Ọhụrụ), West Parlour, Front Parlour.<ref name="Mount Vernon">{{Cite web|url=https://www.mountvernon.org/library/digitalhistory/digital-encyclopedia/article/interior-architectural-details/|title=Interior Architectural Details|work=George Washington's Mount Vernon|year=2020|publisher=[[Mount Vernon Ladies' Association]]|accessdate=February 13, 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181215131014/https://www.mountvernon.org/library/digitalhistory/digital-encyclopedia/article/interior-architectural-details/|archivedate=December 15, 2018}}</ref> tdfso97eb5m9z5kwnj8o73zb76bxsbc 0 27418 644589 452598 2026-05-31T09:38:21Z ~2026-32314-82 62081 Fixed reference errors 644589 wikitext text/x-wiki   [[Category:Currencies with ISO 4217 code]] Doble (Nkọwapụta Portuguese: ) bụ ego nke [[São Tomé and Príncipe|São Tomé na Príncipe]]. A na-eme ka ọ dị mkpirikpi Db ma kewaa ya na 100 cêntimos. E webatara dobla mbụ ('''STD''') na 1977, na-anọchi escudo na par. N'ihi ịrị elu nke ọnụ ahịa gara aga, na 1 Jenụwarị 2018 a gbanwere doble ahụ na ọnụego nke 1000 ruo 1, ma nye ya koodu ego ọhụrụ ISO 4217 '''STN'''.<ref>{{Cite web|title=ISO 4217 AMENDMENT NUMBER 164, 22 September 2017|url=https://www.currency-iso.org/dam/downloads/dl_currency_iso_amendment_164.pdf|publisher=SIX Interbank Clearing|accessdate=28 November 2019}}</ref> São Tomé na Príncipe bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta na [[Portugal]] na 2009, na-ejikọta dobra na euro. E debere ọnụego mgbanwe ahụ na 1 EUR = 24,500 STD na 1 Jenụwarị 2010, nke pụtara na a na-ejikọta dobere ọhụrụ na euro na € 1 = 24.5 STN / nDb.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.telanon.info/economia/2010/01/04/2437/1-euro-equivale-a-24500-dobras/|title=1 euro equivale a 24.500 dobras|date=4 January 2009|language=pt|accessdate=16 November 2020|publisher=Téla Nón}}</ref> Aha ahụ sitere na Portuguese dobra, nke pụtara "doubloon".<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4XycAQAAQBAJ&q=dobra+etymology+sao+tome&pg=PA420|title=Concise Oxford English Dictionary: Book & CD-ROM Set|first=Angus|author=Stevenson|date=18 August 2011|publisher=OUP Oxford|isbn=9780199601103}}</ref> == Mkpụrụ ego == === Mgbasa nke mbụ === N'afọ 1977, e webatara mkpụrụ ego maka 50 cêntimos, 1, 2, 5, 10 na 20 dobras. Ewezuga ọla 50 cêntimos na 1 dobra, a na-eji cupro-nickel emepụta mkpụrụ ego ndị a, dị ka 50 dobras e webatara na 1990. Mkpụrụ ego ndị a gosipụtara ngwakọta nke ihe oriri na osisi na anụmanụ. Mkpụrụ ego ndị a, ọ bụ ezie na a naghị ahụkarị ha n'ebe a na-ekesa ha taa n'ihi ịrị elu nke ọnụ ahịa, emebeghị ka ha ghara ịdị na ya ma ka nwere ike iji ya mee ihe dị ka ihe dị nro. N'afọ 1997, ewepụtara usoro mkpụrụ ego ọhụrụ nwere ụka ka ukwuu nke nwere 100, 250, 500, 1000 na 2000 dobras. N'ime ndị a, 100 na 250 dobras bụ gburugburu, nke ka ukwuu n'ime atọ ahụ bụ heptagonal curved equilaterally. A na-eji ígwè nickel na-egbuke egbuke emepụta mkpụrụ ego ndị a niile ma gosipụta isiokwu metụtara anụ ọhịa. Mkpụrụ ego niile na-ekesa na-ebu uwe agha nke mba ahụ n'akụkụ nke ọzọ, ya na ederede "Aumentemos a Produção" na ọnụ ahịa dị na azụ. === Mgbasa nke Abụọ === Site na redenomination nke dobra na 2018, ewebata mkpụrụ ego n'okpukpe 10, 20, na 50 cêntimos na otu na abụọ dobras. == Akwụkwọ ego == === Mgbasa nke mbụ === N'abalị iri atọ n'ọnwa Septemba n'afọ 1977, Banco Nacional de São Tomé e Príncipe wepụtara akwụkwọ ego maka 50, 100, 500 na 1000 dobras.<ref>{{Cite book|author=Linzmayer|first=Owen|title=The Banknote Book|chapter=Sao Tome and Principe|publisher=BanknoteNews|year=2012|url=http://www.banknotebook.com}}</ref> N'afọ 1996, ewepụtara mkpụrụ ego dobras 5,000, 10,000, 20,000 na 50,000, ebe a na-eji mkpụrụ ego dochie mkpụrụ ego kachasị ala site na usoro gara aga na 1997. E wepụtara mbipụta ọhụrụ na 2006 nwere atụmatụ nchekwa emelitere. Na Disemba 2008, ewebata ndetu dobras 100,000 dị ka onu oriri na-aga n'ihu nke e chere na ọgbakọ ọhụrụ ahụ dị mkpa. Ọhaneze anabatala ndetu ahụ nke ọma ma nabata ya. Ihe ndetu niile na-ese foto nke Rei Amador n'akụkụ nke ọzọ, agbanyeghị, na ndetu dobras 100,000 bụ ihe osise e biri ebi nke Francisco José Tenreiro. === Mgbasa nke Abụọ === E wepụtara akwụkwọ ego nke 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, na 200 dobras na 2018 na redomination nke dobra. A na-ebipụta mkpụrụedemede okpukpu ise na 10 na polymer, na akwụkwọ ego niile nwere ụdị urukurubụba dị iche iche n'ihu ya na anụ ọhịa dị n'ógbè ahụ gosipụtara na azụ ya. N'afọ 2020, Central Bank nke São Tomé na Príncipe wepụtara mbipụta ọhụrụ nke 200 dobras banknote, iji dochie mbipụta gara aga nke akwụkwọ eji ebipụta akwụkwọ ahụ, na 5 na 10 dobras bank notes, na-alaghachi na akwụkwọ, dịka nsụgharị polymer nke okpukpu abụọ ahụ adịghị mma n'ihi gburugburu ebe obibi nke São Tomó na Príncipe.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20230513081138/https://www.telanon.info/politica/2019/11/27/30579/bc-vai-emitir-novas-notas-para-por-fim-as-falhas-da-nova-dobra/ BC vai emitir novas notas para pôr fim as falhas da nova dobra] TélaNón (https://www.telanon.info). Retrieved on 2021-09-17.</ref><ref>[https://banknotenews.com/?p=34290 Sao Tome and Principe new 200-dobra note (B316a) confirmed] BanknoteNews (https://banknotenews.com). Retrieved on 2021-09-17.</ref><ref>[https://banknotenews.com/?p=34354 Sao Tome and Principe new 5-dobra note (B314a) confirmed] BanknoteNews (https://banknotenews.com). Retrieved on 2021-09-17.</ref><ref>[https://banknotenews.com/?p=34358 Sao Tome and Principe new 10-dobra note (B315a) confirmed] BanknoteNews (https://banknotenews.com). Retrieved on 2021-09-17.</ref> == Ọnụego mgbanwe akụkọ ihe mere eme (STD) == {| class="wikitable" !Date !Euro !United States Dollar |- |1995 |Not yet in circulation |1,420.3 |- |1996 |Not yet in circulation |2,203.2 |- |1997 |Not yet in circulation |4,552.5 |- |1998 |Not yet in circulation |7,104.05 |- |October 1999 | - |7,200.0 |- |August 2004 |12,002.84 |8,794 |- |March 2005 |11,663 |9,086 |- |25 October 2005 (Estimate) |9,275.93 |7,665.00 |- |20 October 2007 |19,639.90<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.xe.com/ucc/convert.cgi?Amount=1&From=EUR&To=STD|title=1.00 EUR = 21,497.42 STD|work=XE Currency Converter|accessdate=20 October 2007|publisher=Xenon Laboratories|archivedate=15 May 2011|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110515031131/http://www.xe.com/ucc/convert.cgi?Amount=1&From=EUR&To=STD}}</ref> |13,738.50<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.xe.com/ucc/convert.cgi?Amount=1&From=USD&To=STD|title=1.00 USD = 15,270.00 STD|accessdate=20 October 2007|work=XE Currency Converter|publisher=Xenon Laboratories|archivedate=15 May 2011|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110515031158/http://www.xe.com/ucc/convert.cgi?Amount=1&From=USD&To=STD}}</ref> |- |1 January 2008 |20,499.73 |14,050.00 |- |4 March 2009 |22,062.04 |17,500.00 |- |31 July 2010 |24,500 |18,720.00<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.xe.com/ucc/convert.cgi?Amount=1&From=USD&To=STD|title=1.00 USD = 18,720.00 STD|publisher=Xenon Laboratories|accessdate=31 July 2010|work=XE Currency Converter|archivedate=15 May 2011|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110515031158/http://www.xe.com/ucc/convert.cgi?Amount=1&From=USD&To=STD}}</ref> |- |1 September 2012 |24,500 |19,917.00<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.xe.com/ucc/convert/?Amount=1&From=USD&To=STD|title=1.00 USD = 19,917.00 STD|work=XE Currency Converter|accessdate=1 September 2012|publisher=Xenon Laboratories}}</ref> |} {{Exchange Rate|STD|JPY|USD}}{{Exchange Rate|STN|JPY|USD}} == 2009 nkwekọrịta na Portugal == N'ọnwa Julai afọ 2009, gọọmentị São Tomé na Príncipe bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta mgbazinye ego na Portugal, mba nne ya na-achịkwa otu oge. Ebumnuche nkwekọrịta ahụ bụ ijikọta dobra na euro.<ref name="Portugal signs Sao Tome euro deal">{{Cite web|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/8174580.stm|title=Portugal signs Sao Tome euro deal|date=29 July 2009|accessdate=30 July 2009|publisher=BBC News|author=Alison Roberts}}</ref> Portugal ga-enye ihe ruru nde euro iri abụọ na ise n'ime ihe European Commission kwadoro.<ref name="Portugal and Sao Tome to sign financial cooperation agreement" /> São Tomé na Príncipe kwuru na ijikọ dobra na euro ga-eme ka ọ kwụsie ike na mba ahụ.<ref name="Portugal signs Sao Tome euro deal" /> A na-atụkwa anya na ọ ga-adọta itinye ego mba ọzọ.<ref name="Portugal signs Sao Tome euro deal" /><ref name="Portugal and Sao Tome to sign financial cooperation agreement">{{cite web|url=http://www.macauhub.com.mo/en/news.php?ID=7825|title=Portugal and Sao Tome to sign financial cooperation agreement|date=28 July 2009|access-date=30 July 2009|publisher=Macauhub}}{{dead link|date=November 2020}}</ref> Ndị ọrụ gọọmentị nọrọ otu afọ na-ekwurịta okwu banyere nkwekọrịta ahụ, nke malitere na Jenụwarị 2010.<ref name="Portugal signs Sao Tome euro deal"/> Nkwekọrịta ahụ na-agbaso nke yiri nke Portugal bịanyere aka na [[Cape Verde]] afọ iri gara aga.<ref name="Portugal signs Sao Tome euro deal" /> == Ntinyeghachi nke dobra == N'abalị iri abụọ na ise n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ n'afọ 2017, Central Bank of São Tomé and Príncipe (Banco Central de São Tomé e Príncipe) kwupụtara mgbanwe nke dobla, iji cheta ncheta afọ iri abụọ na abụọ nke Central Bank, na 1 dobla ọhụrụ nke hà 1,000 nke dobla gara aga. E wepụtara akwụkwọ ego isii (n'ụdị nke 5, 10, 20, 50, 100 na 200 dobras ọhụrụ, na okpukpu abụọ dị ala e bipụtara na polymer) na mkpụrụ ego ise (n'ime ụdị nke 10, 20 na 50 cêntimos na 1 na 2 dobras ọhụrụ) na Jenụwarị 1, 2018.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.delarue.com/media-center/25-08-2017|title=Banco Central de São Tomé e Príncipe celebrates 25th anniversary by unveiling new banknote series, designed and printed by De La Rue|publisher=De La Rue|date=25 August 2017|accessdate=28 August 2017|archivedate=29 August 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170829075713/http://www.delarue.com/media-center/25-08-2017}}</ref> Usoro ndetu ochie na nke ọhụrụ ekesara n'otu oge ruo 30 June 2018, mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, a na-agbanwe ha ma ọ bụ na-echekwa ego na ụlọ akụ azụmaahịa ruo 31 Disemba 2018 yana na Central Bank ruo 31 Disemba 2019. == Hụkwa == * Ọnọdụ akụ na ụba nke São Tomé na Príncipe * Ego ndị metụtara euro == Edensibia == <references group="" responsive="1"></references> [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 11vwvktdr37kfz15nfg51o62lttmk7t 0 27477 644348 394011 2026-05-30T21:48:49Z Iwuala chisom 17246 Added {{DEFAULTSORT}} 644348 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Elizabeth Conway Symons, Baroness Symons of Vernham Dean''' PC (amụrụ 14 Eprel 1951) bụ onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Britain na onye otu azụmaahịa. Otu onye otu Labour Party, ọ bụ Minista steeti maka Middle East site na 2001 ruo 2005. Ọ bụbu odeakwụkwọ ukwu nke FDA Trade Union ma bụrụkwa onye isi oche nke Arab British Chamber of Commerce (ABCC) kemgbe 2010.{{Post-nominals|PC|country=GBR}} .Emepụtara Symons ka ọ bụrụ onye ọgbọ ndụ ọrụ dịka Baroness Symons nke Vernham Dean, nke Vernham Dean na County nke Hampshire, na 7 Ọktoba 1996.[1] Site na Mee 1997 ruo June 1999, ọ were ọkwa gọọmentị mbụ ya, na-eje ozi dị ka onye minista na-ahụ maka mba ofesi. Site na 1999 ruo 2001, ọ bụ onye Minista nke steeti maka ịzụ ahịa nchekwa yana, site na 2001 ruo 2003, onye minista steeti maka azụmaahịa. Site na 2001 ruo 2005, ọ bụ onye isi ala maka mba ofesi nwere ọrụ maka Middle East, Nchebe Mba Nile, Consular na Personal Affairs, na osote onye ndu nke House of Lords. Symons bụ ma ọ bụ ka bụ onye otu British-American Project (BAP). Ọ nwere ndị otu 600 na ndị na-emepụta echiche, ndị si na mba abụọ ahụ, dị ka ''The Guardian'' si kwuo, ma na-enwe nzukọ kwa afọ ebe ihe niile a na-ekwu na-abụghị nke ndekọ. Ọ na-ejekwa ozi na bọọdụ ndị gọvanọ nke Ditchley Foundation.<ref>[http://politics.guardian.co.uk/foreignaffairs/story/0,11538,1343704,00.html Feature: Andy Beckett reports on the British-American Project | World news | The Guardian]</ref> {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Symons of Vernham Dean, Elizabeth Conway, Baroness}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] mv62g44xc4bi77mnntocgm00e9yxn2c 0 27969 644297 143319 2026-05-30T20:34:44Z Neme244 16387 added DEFAULTSORT 644297 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}   '''Emmanuel Shinkut Daniel''' (amụrụ n'ụbọchị iri na asaa nke ọnwa Disemba afọ 1993) bụ onye Naijiria na-eche goolu [[Footbọl|bọọlụ]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://punchng.com/i-didnt-start-as-a-keeper-daniel/|title=I didn’t start as a keeper – Daniel|date=23 April 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.goal.com/en-ug/news/official-orlando-pirates-part-ways-with-emmanuel-daniel/11whx53z8fzju1q85n6f9vhou0|title=OFFICIAL: Emmanuel Daniel leaves Orlando Pirates &#124; Goal.com Uganda|date=17 August 2017|work=www.goal.com}}</ref> Ọ gbara Naijiria na [[:en:Football_at_the_2015_African_Games_–_Men's_tournament|Egwuregwu Afrịka nke afọ 2015]] na [[:en:Football_at_the_2016_Summer_Olympics_–_Men's_tournament|2016 Summer Olympics]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.cafonline.com/en-us/competitions/allafricagamesmencongo2015/teamdetails/playerdetails?CompetitionPlayerID=U0brhsc53WiD96ARx6UWZ7fzOsAMg3%2FzmnFEZZRlGk%2BZCQA1QiYOZCXaaocbrSnr&TeamsIDs=oM8UH7fJQJZg%2FgmD0L%2F6XyOkyaQn45fIqgJeZTTuC1ZYTdQGTcUCvP4e42L9Qr1l|title=Emmanuel Daniel|work=CAFonline.com}}</ref> == Ọrụ mba ụwa == Daniel nwetara oku mbụ ya n'akụkụ ndị okenye nke mgbapụta [[Nigeria national football team|Naịjirịa]] maka iko mba ụwa nke afọ 2018 megide Zambia n'ọnwa Ọktoba afọ 2016.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Mikel Obi, Musa, Ikeme 20 others To battle Zambia|url=http://www.thenff.com/2016/09/6992/|accessdate=5 October 2016|publisher=thenff.com|date=22 September 2016}}</ref> == Nsọpụrụ == '''Naịjirịa U23''' * Ihe nrite ọla nchara nke Olimpik: 2016 == Ebensidee == {{Reflist}}{{Commons category|Emmanuel Daniel (footballer)}}{{Nigeria men's football squad 2016 Summer Olympics}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Daniel, Emmanuel}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Ndị ọsọmpi na egwuregwu mba Afrịka nke afọ 2015]] [[Òtù:Ndị ritere ọla na egwuregwu bọọlụ mba afrịka]] [[Òtù:Ndị ritere ọla nchara na egwuregwu mba Afrịka maka Naijirịa]] [[Òtù:Nzukọ ndị ikorobia n'eche goolu bọọlụ]] [[Òtù:Ndị ritere ola n'egwuregwu bọọlụ olympic]] [[Òtù:Ndị ritere ọla nchara maka Naijirịa na Olympic]] [[Òtù:Ndị nwetara ihe nrite na summer olympics nke afọ 2016]] [[Òtù:Ndị gbara bọọlụ na Rangers International F.C]] [[Òtù:Ndị gbara bọọlụ Olympic nke Naijirịa]] [[Òtù:Ndị bọọlụ Naijirịa]] [[Òtù:Ndị amụrụ n'afọ 1993]] e3vhbztcb01uhls3r2vizvvovewy4sa 0 28051 644255 131621 2026-05-30T19:50:14Z Wikipedian12512(alt) 61413 ce 644255 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ura ime obodo''' bụ akwara ozi na-emetụta akwara ebe ọrụ ụbụrụ n'ime ihe dị ndụ nke na-amụ anya na-abanye n'ọnọdụ nke yiri nke ụra.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Cirelli|first=Charia|title=Perchance to Prune|journal=Scientific American|date=August 2013|volume=309|issue=2|pages=34–39|doi=10.1038/scientificamerican0813-34|pmid=23923204}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=Nir|first=Yuval|title="Local" sleep: brain regions go offline at different moments|url=http://www.hfsp.org/frontier-science/awardees-articles/local-sleep-brain-regions-go-offline-different-moments|publisher=Human Frontier Science Program|accessdate=2023-07-13|archivedate=2018-04-23|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180423081140/http://www.hfsp.org/frontier-science/awardees-articles/local-sleep-brain-regions-go-offline-different-moments}}</ref> Na electroencephalogram, usoro ndị a na-adịkarị ka ụra NREM, ma na-agbanwe n'etiti oge 'na' na 'na-apụ' n'otu ụzọ ahụ a ga-atụ anya ya n'oge ọnọdụ ụra n'ezie.<ref name="Nature">{{Cite journal|author=Vyazovskiy|first=VV|title=Local sleep in awake rats.|journal=Nature|date=April 2011|doi=10.1038/nature10009|volume=472|issue=7344|pmid=21525926|pages=443–447}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|author=Murphy|first=M|title=The cortical topography of local sleep.|journal=Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry|date=November 2011|pmid=21906021|volume=11|issue=19|pages=2438–46|doi=10.2174/156802611797470303}}</ref> Ura ime obodo nwere ike ịkpata ụra mpaghara site na oge na-aga n'ihu na nke siri ike nke ịrụ ọrụ nke otu mpaghara ụbụrụ, ọkachasị mgbe ejikọtara ya na enweghị ụra (ọnọdụ a na-akpọ "ụra na-aṅụbiga mmanya ókè"), ọ bụ ezie na egosila na mpaghara ụfọdụ nke òké na-abanye n'ụra mpaghara maka oge dị mkpirikpi n'enweghị ihe ọ bụla na-akpata ozugbo.<ref name="Nature"/> N'adịghị ka micro ụra, oge ndị a dị mkpirikpi nke ụra mpaghara na-eme mgbe anụmanụ ahụ ka maara ma na-arụ ọrụ, ọ bụ ezie na ikike metụtara mpaghara ụbụrụ a kapịrị ọnụ na ụra mpaghara na-ebelata nke ukwuu.<ref name="Discover">{{Cite news|author=Young|first=Ed|title=Individual Neurons go to Sleep While Rats Stay Awake|url=http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/notrocketscience/2011/04/27/individual-neurons-go-to-sleep-while-rats-stay-awake/#.UfK-hdLVCSo|work=Discover Magazine|date=April 2011}}</ref> Dịka ọmụmaatụ, ụra ime obodo na agbaghari ụbụrụ metụtara mmegharị nwere ike iduga na nkwekọrịta, na n'ozuzu ọrụ ọgụgụ isi yiri ka ọ na-ebelata site na ụra mpaghara nke mpaghara cortical, na ụmụ oke na-ehi ụra cortical na-egosipụta obere mmata banyere gburugburu ha ma nwee igbu oge ma ọ bụ mmeghachi omume na-ekwesịghị ekwesị na ihe mkpali. Ọ bụ ezie na ọrụ nke ụra ime obodo abụghị nke a kwadoro, na ọ dịkarịa ala otu ọmụmụ, e gosipụtara usoro ahụ iji melite arụmọrụ nke ọrụ na ụmụ oke.<ref name="Discover"/> A na-enyo usoro dị n'azụ nke a enyo na a na-ekerịta ya na usoro n'ozuzu ya na-akpali mmutana ncheta n'oge ụra. * Neuroscience nke ụra * Ihi ụra na ncheta <references responsive="1"></references> iesk2ri8n8y3o08wazdxrs34yzkcx9d 0 28134 644428 516088 2026-05-30T23:45:53Z Iwuala chisom 17246 Fixed reference errors 644428 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Usòrò:Objetivo_Desenvolvimento_Sustentável_6_PT.webp|thumb|Sustainable Development Goal 6]] Sustainable Development Goal 6 (SDG 6 ma ọ bụ Global Goal 6) bụ maka "mmiri dị ọcha na idebe ihe ọcha maka mmadụ niile". Ọ bụ otu n'ime ebumnuche 17 Sustainable Development Goals guzobere na United Nations General Assembly na 2015, okwu gọọmentị bụ: "Hụkwa na nnweta na njikwa na-adịgide adịgide nke mmiri na ịdị ọcha maka mmadụ niile." <ref name="SDG6">{{Cite web|url=http://www.undp.org/content/undp/en/home/sustainable-development-goals/goal-6-clean-water-and-sanitation.html|title=Goal 6: Clean water and sanitation|work=UNDP|accessdate=28 September 2015}}</ref> Ebumnobi a nwere ebumnobi asatọ a ga-enweta na 2030. A ga-eji akara ngosi iri na otu tụọ ọganihu na ebumnuche ndị a. <ref name=":17"/> Ihe mgbaru ọsọ isii nke "nkwalite pụta" gụnyere: Mmiri ọṅụṅụ dị mma ma dị ọnụ ala; kwụsị ikpochapụ oghere ma nye ohere ịnweta ịdị ọcha na ịdị ọcha, melite ogo mmiri, ọgwụgwọ mmiri na-ekpofu mmiri na ijikwa ya eme ihe nke ọma, na- abawanye arụmọrụ nke mmiri na-eme ka mmiri dị ọcha mee ihe, mejuputa IWRM, chebe ma weghachite ihe ndị metụtara mmiri . Ebumnuche abụọ a "ụzọ isi nweta" bụ ịgbasa nkwado mmiri na idebe ihe ọcha na mba ndị ka na-emepe emepe, na ịkwado itinye aka na mpaghara na mmiri na nlekọta ịdị ọcha. <ref name=":110">{{Cite book|author=United Nations|url=https://www.susana.org/en/knowledge-hub/resources-and-publications/library/details/3637|title=Sustainable Development Goal. 6, Synthesis report 2018 on water and sanitation|publisher=United Nations, New York|year=2018|isbn=9789211013702|oclc=1107804829}}</ref> N'afọ 2017, ijeri mmadụ 2.2 enweghị mmiri ọ drinkingụ drinkingụ a na-achịkwa nke ọma yana ijeri mmadụ 4.2 enweghị idebe ọcha nke edoziri n'enweghị nsogbu. <ref name=":5">{{Cite web|title=Goal 6 {{!}} Department of Economic and Social Affairs|url=https://sdgs.un.org/goals/goal6|accessdate=2020-09-02|work=sdgs.un.org}}</ref> Ijeri mmadụ atọ n'ụwa niile enweghị akụrụngwa ịsa aka n'ụlọ. <ref name=":5" /> Abụọ n'ime ụlọ ọrụ ahụike ise n'ụwa niile enweghị ncha na mmiri, ma ọ bụ mmanya na-egbu egbu (2016). <ref name=":5" /> Ọrịa COVID-19 emeela ka ebumnuche a dịkwuo mkpa. <ref name="UNESC2020"/> Otú ọ dị, ọrịa na-efe efe a nwere ike imetụta ikike nke ụlọ ọrụ mmiri iji mezuo ebumnuche a site n'ịbawanye mfu na ego a ga-enweta nke a ga-eji tinye ego. <ref>{{Cite web|title=The impact of covid 19 on water and sanitation|url=https://www.ifc.org/wps/wcm/connect/industry_ext_content/ifc_external_corporate_site/infrastructure/resources/the+impact+of+covid-19+on+water+and+sanitation}}</ref> [[Usòrò:SustainableDevelopmentGoals Cmr6.jpg|thumb|Sustainable Development Goal 6]] SDG 6 nwere njikọ chiri anya na ebumnuche mmepe Sustainable (SDGs) ndị ọzọ. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, ọganihu na SDG 6 ga-eme ka ahụike dịkwuo mma ( SDG 3 ) ma melite ịga ụlọ akwụkwọ, nke abụọ na-enye aka n'ibelata ịda ogbenye . N'April 2020, odeakwụkwọ ukwu nke United Nations António Guterres kwuru, sị: "Taa, Sustainable Development Goal 6 adịghị mma" na ọ "na-egbochi ọganihu na Agenda 2030, mmezu nke ikike mmadụ na mmezu nke udo na nchekwa gburugburu ụwa. ụwa". <ref>{{Cite web|author=Blazhevska|first=Vesna|title=United Nations launches framework to speed up progress on water and sanitation goal|url=https://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/blog/2020/07/united-nations-launches-framework-to-speed-up-progress-on-water-and-sanitation-goal/|accessdate=2020-09-02|work=United Nations Sustainable Development|date=11 July 2020|language=en-US}}</ref> == ndabere == Òtù Mba Ndị Dị n'Otu (UN) ekpebiela na ịnweta mmiri dị ọcha na ebe a na-edebe ihe ọcha bụ ihe bụ́ isi ruuru mmadụ . <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://en.unesco.org/themes/water-security/wwap/wwdr/2019|title=World Water Development Report 2019 - Leaving No One Behind|date=2019-02-11|work=UNESCO|language=en|accessdate=2019-08-01}}</ref> . Otú ọ dị, mba ole na ole etinyela ikike mmadụ inwe mmiri n'ime iwu nwere ike imenye ya. Ihe karịrị ijeri mmadụ abụọ n'ụwa enweghị mmiri na-enweghị ihe egwu ahụike. Site na 2017, mba iri asatọ nyere ohere ịnweta mmiri dị ọcha maka ihe karịrị 99% nke ndị bi na ha. <ref name="UNICEF_WHO_Progress_2014">{{Cite book|title=Progress on sanitation and drinking-water: 2014 update|date=28 July 2014|isbn=9789240692817|oclc=889699199}}</ref> Site na 2000 ruo 2017, ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị zuru ụwa ọnụ na-enweghị ohere ịnweta mmiri dị ọcha gbadara site na ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ 20% ruo ihe ruru 10%. <ref name="UNICEF_WHO_Progress_201906">{{Cite report |url=https://www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/publications/jmp-2019-full-report.pdf |title=Progress on household drinking water, sanitation and hygiene 2000-2017: Special focus on inequalities |date=June 2019 |location=New York |page=138 |isbn=978-92-415-1623-5 |access-date=30 March 2021 |work=[[United Nations Children's Fund]] (UNICEF) and [[World Health Organization]]}}</ref> Ịkwụsị ịsa afọ ghe oghe ga-achọ inye ụlọ mposi na idebe ọcha maka ijeri mmadụ 2.6 yana mgbanwe omume nke ndị mmadụ. <ref name="JMP2017"/> Iji zute ebumnuche SDG maka ịdị ọcha n'afọ 2030, ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ otu ụzọ n'ụzọ atọ nke mba ga-adị mkpa iji mee ka ọganihu dị ngwa iji kwụsị ịsa afọ, gụnyere [[Brazil]], [[China]], [[Ethiopia]], [[Ndia|India]], Indonesia, [[Naijiria|Nigeria]], na Pakistan . <ref name="SDGChildren20182">{{Cite web|title=Progress for Every Child in the SDG Era|url=https://data.unicef.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Progress_for_Every_Child_V4.pdf|accessdate=2 April 2018|work=UNICEF}}</ref> Nke a ga-achọ nkwado n'etiti gọọmentị, ọha mmadụ na ndị ọrụ nzuzo . <ref>{{Cite book|author=Kellogg|first=Diane M.|title=Beyond the bottom line: integrating sustainability into business and management practice|publisher=Greenleaf Publishing|others=Gudić, Milenko,, Tan, Tay Keong,, Flynn, Patricia M.|year=2017|isbn=9781783533275|location=Saltaire, UK|chapter=The Global Sanitation Crisis: A Role for Business|oclc=982187046}}</ref> Mmiri ọṅụṅụ dị mma na ụlọ mposi dị ọcha na-echebe ndị mmadụ pụọ na ọrịa ma mee ka ọha mmadụ nwee ike na-arụpụta ihe n'ụzọ akụ na ụba. Ịga ụlọ akwụkwọ na ọrụ na-enweghị nkwụsịtụ na-akwado agụmakwụkwọ na ọrụ. Ya mere, ụlọ mposi n'ụlọ akwụkwọ na n'ebe ọrụ gụnyere na nke abụọ ebumnuche ("nweta ohere ịnweta ịdị ọcha zuru oke na nke ziri ezi na ịdị ọcha maka mmadụ niile"). Ihe ngwọta ziri ezi na ịdị ọcha na-edozi mkpa ụmụ nwanyị na ụmụ agbọghọ na ndị nọ n'ọnọdụ adịghị ike, dị ka ndị agadi ma ọ bụ ndị nwere nkwarụ. Na June 2019, United Nations Children Fund (UNICEF) na World Health Organisation wepụtara akụkọ ha nwere peeji 138 "Ọganihu na mmiri ọṅụṅụ ụlọ, ịdị ọcha na ịdị ọcha 2000-2017: lekwasịrị anya pụrụ iche na enweghị aha." Akụkọ ahụ kwuru na n'afọ 2017, ijeri mmadụ 5.3 - nke na-anọchite anya 71% nke ndị bi n'ụwa - jiri "ọrụ mmiri ọṅụṅụ a na-achịkwa nke ọma - nke dị n'ime ụlọ, dị mgbe ọ dị mkpa, na enweghị mmetọ <ref name="UNICEF_WHO_Progress_201906" /> . <ref name="UNICEF_WHO_Progress_201906" /> Ka ọ na-erule afọ 2017, ijeri mmadụ 6.8 - nke na-anọchite anya 90% nke ndị bi n'ụwa - jiri "opekata mpe ọrụ bụ isi", nke gụnyere "isi iyi mmiri ọṅụṅụ ka mma n'ime njem nkeji iri atọ iji nakọta mmiri". <ref name="UNICEF_WHO_Progress_201906" /> Otú ọ dị, na 2017, a ka nwere nde mmadụ 785 na-enweghị "ọbụna ọrụ mmiri ọṅụṅụ bụ isi, gụnyere nde mmadụ 144 bụ ndị dabeere na mmiri dị n'elu." <ref name="UNICEF_WHO_Progress_201906" /> Akuko a kwuru na ihe ruru ijeri mmadụ abụọ ji “ebe a na-aṅụ mmiri a na-aṅụ na nsị”. <ref name="UNICEF_WHO_Progress_201906" /> Akụkọ ahụ dọrọ aka ná ntị na ọrịa ndị gụnyere “[[afọ ọsịsa]], ọgbụgbọ ọgbụgbọ, ọnyụnyụ ọbara, typhoid, na polio” na-ebute site na mmiri mmetọ, bụ́ nke na-akpata ọnwụ ihe dị ka 485,000 afọ ọsịsa kwa afọ. <ref name="UNICEF_WHO_Progress_201906" /> Ọ dọrọ aka ná ntị na 50% nke ndị bi n'ụwa ga-ebi "n'ebe nsogbu mmiri na-enwe" site na 2025. <ref name="UNICEF_WHO_Progress_201906" /> N'ihe dị ka 2017, 22% nke ụlọ ọrụ nlekọta ahụike na mba ndị mepere emepe enweghị ọrụ mmiri, na ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị yiri ya enweghị ọrụ ịdị ọcha na nlekọta mkpofu. <ref name="UNICEF_WHO_Progress_201906" /> Nyochaa ọganihu SDG sitere n'aka UN na 2020 chọpụtara na "ịbawanye nkwa ndị na-enye onyinye na mpaghara mmiri ga-anọgide na-adị mkpa iji nwee ọganihu na mgbaru ọsọ 6". <ref name="UNESC2020"/> Nke a bụ ya mere UN ji tinye aka n'otu n'otu na-akwalite nkwado mba ndị a maara dị ka SDG 6 Global Acceleration Framework. <ref>{{Cite web|title=SDG6 action space|url=https://unwater.org/|accessdate=2023-07-15|archivedate=2022-01-14|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220114174259/http://www.unwater.org/}}</ref> == Ebumnuche, egosi na ọganihu == SDG 6 nwere ebumnuche asatọ. A ga-enweta isii n'ime ha ka ọ na-erule afọ 2030, otu n'ime afọ 2020, otu onye enweghị afọ ebumnuche. <ref name="SDG6_targets">{{Cite web|url=http://www.undp.org/content/undp/en/home/sustainable-development-goals/goal-6-clean-water-and-sanitation/targets/|title=Goal 6 Targets|work=United Nations Development Programme|accessdate=16 November 2017|archivedate=19 February 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180219061511/http://www.undp.org/content/undp/en/home/sustainable-development-goals/goal-6-clean-water-and-sanitation/targets/}}</ref> Nke ọ bụla n'ime ebumnuche ahụ nwekwara otu ihe ngosi ma ọ bụ abụọ nke a ga-eji tụọ ọganihu. Na mkpokọta enwere ihe ngosi 11 iji nyochaa ọganihu maka SDG6. <ref name=":12">{{Cite web|url=https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/sdg6|title=SDGs|work=Sustainable Development Knowledge Platform|accessdate=17 November 2017}}</ref> Isi mmalite data maka ebumnuche SDG 6 na ihe ngosi sitere na Integrated Monitoring Initiative for SDG 6 nke UN-Water na- ahazi. <ref name=":1">{{Cite book|author=United Nations|url=https://www.susana.org/en/knowledge-hub/resources-and-publications/library/details/3637|title=Sustainable Development Goal. 6, Synthesis report 2018 on water and sanitation|publisher=United Nations, New York|year=2018|isbn=9789211013702|oclc=1107804829}}</ref> Gọọmenti ọ bụla ga-ekpebi ka ọ ga-esi tinye ha n'ime usoro nhazi mba, atumatu na atumatu dabere na eziokwu obodo, ikike, ọkwa mmepe na ihe ndị dị mkpa. <ref name=":1" /> Ihe mgbaru ọsọ isii nke "nkwalite pụta" gụnyere: Mmiri ọṅụṅụ dị mma ma dị ọnụ ala; kwụsị ikpochapụ oghere ma nye ohere ịnweta ịdị ọcha na ịdị ọcha, melite ogo mmiri, ọgwụgwọ mmiri na-ekpofu mmiri na ijikwa ya eme ihe nke ọma, na- abawanye arụmọrụ nke mmiri na-eme ka mmiri dị ọcha mee ihe, mejuputa IWRM, chebe ma weghachite ihe ndị metụtara mmiri . Ebumnuche abụọ a "ụzọ isi nweta" bụ ịgbasa nkwado mmiri na idebe ihe ọcha na mba ndị ka na-emepe emepe, na ịkwado itinye aka na mpaghara na mmiri na nlekọta ịdị ọcha. <ref name=":110"/> Ebumnuche atọ mbụ metụtara inye mmiri ọñụñụ, ọrụ idebe ihe ọcha na ọgwụgwọ mmiri na-ekpofu mmiri na ijigharị ya. <ref name="SDG6_targets"/> Otu SDG 6 Baseline Report na 2018 chọpụtara na ihe na-erughị pasenti 50 nke mba nwere atụmatụ ntọala yiri nke ọtụtụ SDG 6 n'ụwa niile. <ref name=":1"/> : 31 Otu ihe kpatara ya bụ na ọtụtụ SDG 6 zuru ụwa ọnụ egosi dị ọhụrụ, na ọtụtụ nwere nanị obere oge usoro, na-eme ka o sie ike ikpebi ọnụego nke ọganihu. <ref name=":1" /> : 31  === Ebumnuche 6.1: Mmiri ọṅụṅụ dị mma yana ọnụ ala === Aha n'uju nke Target 6.1 bụ: "Ka ọ na-erule 2030, nweta ohere zuru ụwa ọnụ na nha anya inweta mmiri ọñụñụ dị mma ma dị ọnụ ala maka mmadụ niile". <ref name=":17"/> Ebumnuche a nwere otu ihe ngosi: Ngosipụta 6.1.1 bụ "ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị bi na-eji ọrụ mmiri ọ drinkingụ drinkingụ na-achịkwa nke ọma". <ref name=":3">Ritchie, Roser, Mispy, Ortiz-Ospina (2018) [https://sdg-tracker.org/water-and-sanitation "Measuring progress towards the Sustainable Development Goals." (SDG 6)] ''SDG-Tracker.org, website''</ref> Nkọwa nke " ọrụ mmiri ọ drinkingụ drinkingụ na-achịkwa nke ọma " bụ: "Iri mmiri si n'ebe mmiri dị mma nke dị na ogige, dị mgbe achọrọ ya na enweghị mmetọ kemịkalụ na ụzọ mbụ." <ref name="JMP2017"/> : 8 N'agbata afọ 2000 na 2015, pasentị nke ndị bi n'ụwa niile na-eji mmiri ọ drinkingụ drinkingụ ejiri nke ọma abawanyela site na pasenti 61 ruo 71. Mana nke a agbanwebeghị na 2017. Na mkpokọta, nde mmadụ 785 gburugburu ụwa ka enweghị isi ọrụ mmiri ọñụñụ. <ref name=":2">{{Cite web|title=Special edition: progress towards the Sustainable Development Goals. Report of the Secretary-General.|url=https://undocs.org/E/2019/68|accessdate=2019-11-21|work=undocs.org}}</ref> N'afọ 2017, naanị pasentị 71 nke ndị bi n'ụwa niile ji mmiri ọ drinkingụ drinkingụ ejirila nke ọma mee ihe. Nke a pụtara na ijeri mmadụ 2.2 ka enweghị mmiri ọñụñụ ejirighị nke ọma na 2017. <ref name="UNESC2020"/> Tụnyere 2017, 74% nke ndị bi n'ụwa ga-enweta mmiri ọ drinkingụ drinkingụ ejirila nke ọma na 2020. Nke a bụ mmụba n'oge gara aga, mana mmadụ ijeri 2 ka na-enwetaghị mmiri ọñụñụ dị mma, ọkachasị n'ime ime obodo na mba ndị mepere emepe. Na 2020, nde mmadụ 771 ka na-enwetaghị ọbụna ọrụ mmiri ọñụñụ. 8 n'ime mmadụ iri n'ime ndị a bi n'ime ime obodo, ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ọkara bi na mba ndị mepere emepe; Ọ nweghị mpaghara SDG a na-atụ anya na ọ ga-enweta mkpuchi zuru ụwa ọnụ site na 2030, na na ndịda Sahara Africa, ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị na-enweghị ohere ịnweta mmiri ọñụñụ ejirila nke ọma amụbaala karịa 40% kemgbe 2000. N'ọ̀tụ̀tụ̀ ọganihu a na-enwe ugbu a, ebumnobi zuru ụwa ọnụ nke inweta mmiri ọṅụṅụ a na-achịkwa nke ọma na 2030 ga-adị mkpa okpukpu anọ. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Summary Progress Update 2021: SDG 6 — water and sanitation for all|url=https://www.unwater.org/publications/summary-progress-update-2021-sdg-6-water-and-sanitation-for-all/|accessdate=2021-12-18|work=UN-Water|language=en-US}}</ref> === Ebumnuche 6.2: Kwụsị ịsa ahụ na-emeghe ma nye ohere ịdị ọcha na ịdị ọcha === Aha zuru ezu nke Target 6.2 bụ: "Ka ọ na-erule 2030, nweta ohere ịnweta ịdị ọcha na ịdị ọcha zuru oke na nke ziri ezi maka mmadụ niile wee kwụsị ikpochapụ oghere, na-elebara mkpa ndị inyom na ụmụ agbọghọ anya na ndị nọ n'ọnọdụ adịghị ike." <ref name=":17"/> Ebumnuche a nwere otu ihe ngosi: Ngosipụta 6.2.1 bụ "ọnụọgụ ndị mmadụ na-eji (a) ọrụ idebe ihe ọcha na-achịkwa nke ọma yana (b) ebe a na-asa aka nke nwere ncha na mmiri". <ref name="UN2017">United Nations (2017) Resolution adopted by the General Assembly on 6 July 2017, [[:File:A RES 71 313 E.pdf|Work of the Statistical Commission pertaining to the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development (A/RES/71/313)]]</ref> Nkọwa nke "ọrụ ịdị ọcha a na-achịkwa nke ọma" bụ: "Ojiji nke ụlọ ọrụ emeziwanye nke a na-ekekọrịtaghị na ezinụlọ ndị ọzọ yana ebe a na-ekpofu ihe mkpofu na ọnọdụ ma ọ bụ bufee ma mesoo ya n'èzí." <ref name="JMP2017">WHO and UNICEF (2017) [https://web.archive.org/web/20170716004247/http://www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/publications/jmp-2017/en/ Progress on Drinking Water, Sanitation and Hygiene: 2017 Update and SDG Baselines]. Geneva: World Health Organization (WHO) and the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), 2017</ref> : 8 Ụlọ ọrụ ịdị ọcha emelitere bụ nke e mere iji kewapụ ihe dị ọcha na mkpochapụ na kọntaktị mmadụ. <ref name="JMP2017" /> : 6  A na-akọkọkarị ebumnuche 6.1 na 6.2 ọnụ n'ihi na ha abụọ so na ngalaba ịsa ahụ ma nwee otu ụlọ ọrụ na-ahụ maka nchekwa, Joint Monitoring Programme for Water Supply and Sanitation (JMP). <ref name="JMP2017"/> Ọnụọgụ dị na atụmatụ ntọala 2017 site na Mmemme Nlebaanya Njikọta maka Ịnye Mmiri na Ịdị ọcha (JMP) bụ na ijeri mmadụ 4.5 ugbu a enwebeghị ihe ọ bụla ejisiri ịdị ọcha. <ref name="JMP2017"/> N'ụwa niile, ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị na-eji ọrụ idebe ihe ọcha ejiri n'enweghị nsogbu rịgoro site na pasenti 28 na 2000 ruo pasenti 45 na 2017. Latin America na Caribbean, Sub-Saharan Africa, na [[Asia|East na Ndịda Ebe Ọwụwa Anyanwụ Eshia]] dekọtara mmụba kachasị ukwuu. Na mkpokọta, a ka nwere nde mmadụ 701 gburugburu ụwa bụ ndị ka na-eme ịsa ahụ n'afọ 2017. <ref name=":2"/> Ọnụọgụ a belatara n'afọ 2020 ruo nde mmadụ 673 bụ ndị na-eme ịsa ahụ. <ref name="UNESC2020"/> Dị ka nke 2017, ụzọ abụọ n'ụzọ atọ nke mba enweghị atụmatụ ntọala maka ihe ngosi SDG na ịsacha aka, mmiri ọ drinkingụ drinkingụ na-achịkwa nke ọma na ọrụ ịdị ọcha. <ref name="SDGChildren2018">{{Cite web|title=Progress for Every Child in the SDG Era|url=https://data.unicef.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Progress_for_Every_Child_V4.pdf|accessdate=2 April 2018|work=UNICEF}}</ref> N'afọ 2017, ihe dị ka pasentị 60 nke ndị mmadụ n'ụwa niile nwere ihe eji eji ncha na mmiri akwọ aka n'ụlọ. Agbanyeghị, n'ime mba ndị mepere emepe, naanị pasenti 38 nwere akụrụngwa dị otú ahụ, na-asụgharị ihe ruru ijeri mmadụ 3 ka enweghị akụrụngwa ịsa aka n'ụlọ. <ref name=":2"/> Na 2020, akụkọ sitere na ọgbakọ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị High-Level Forum on Sustainable Development chọpụtara na "ọtụtụ ijeri mmadụ n'ụwa niile ka enweghị ohere ịnweta mmiri na idebe ihe ọcha na akụrụngwa ịsa aka n'ụlọ, nke dị oke mkpa iji gbochie mgbasa nke COVID. -19 ". <ref name="UNESC2020">United Nations Economic and Social Council (2020) [https://undocs.org/en/E/2020/57 Progress towards the Sustainable Development Goals Report of the Secretary-General], High-level political forum on sustainable development, convened under the auspices of the Economic and Social Council (E/2020/57), 28 April 2020</ref> Agbanyeghị, otu ọrịa na-efe efe a emeela ka mbelata ohere ịnweta idebe ihe ọcha jikwaa n'enweghị nsogbu. <ref>BMGF (2020) [https://www.gatesfoundation.org/goalkeepers/downloads/2020-report/report_a4_en.pdf Covid-19 A Global Perspective - 2020 Goalkeepers Report], Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Seattle, USA</ref> === Ebumnuche 6.3: Melite ogo mmiri, ọgwụgwọ mmiri na-ekpofu mmiri na ijikwa ya dị mma === A haziri ebumnuche 6.3 dị ka "Ka ọ na-erule 2030, kwalite ogo mmiri site na ibelata mmetọ, iwepụ mkpofu na ibelata ntọhapụ nke kemịkalụ na ihe dị ize ndụ, ibelata oke nke mmiri mkpofu na-adịghị edozi ma na-abawanye ụbara imegharị na nchekwa eji eme ihe n'ụwa niile". <ref name=":17"/> Nke a bụkwa ebumnuche metụtara ịdị ọcha, n'ihi na ọgwụgwọ mmiri mkpofu bụ akụkụ nke ịdị ọcha. Ebumnuche nwere ihe ngosi abụọ: <ref name="UN2017">United Nations (2017) Resolution adopted by the General Assembly on 6 July 2017, [[:File:A RES 71 313 E.pdf|Work of the Statistical Commission pertaining to the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development (A/RES/71/313)]]</ref> * Ihe ngosi 6.3.1: Oke mmiri mkpofu ụlọ na nke ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe na-edozi nke ọma * Ihe ngosi 6.3.2: Oke ozu mmiri nwere ezigbo mma mmiri gburugburu Ọnọdụ ugbu a maka Indicator 6.3.2 bụ na: "Ntụmatụ mbụ sitere na 79 bụ mba ndị na-akpata ego dị elu na nke dị elu na 2019 na-atụ aro na, n'ihe dị ka otu ụzọ n'ụzọ anọ nke mba ahụ, a na-edozi ihe na-erughị ọkara nke mmiri mkpofu ụlọ n'enweghị nsogbu. " <ref name="UNESC2020"/> Ichekwa isi iyi mmiri dị oke mkpa iji nweta ohere zuru ụwa ọnụ iji nweta mmiri ọñụñụ dị mma yana ọnụ ala. === Ebumnuche 6.4: Na-abawanye arụmọrụ iji mmiri wee hụ na ọ na-enweta mmiri dị ọhụrụ === A haziri 6.4 Target dị ka "Ka ọ na-erule 2030, na-abawanye n'ụzọ dị ukwuu iji mmiri na-arụ ọrụ n'akụkụ niile ma hụ na a ga-ewepụ ya na inye mmiri dị ọcha iji gboo ụkọ mmiri ma belata nke ukwuu ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị mmadụ na-ata ahụhụ n'ụkọ mmiri ." <ref name=":17">United Nations (2017) Resolution adopted by the General Assembly on 6 July 2017, [[:File:A RES 71 313 E.pdf|Work of the Statistical Commission pertaining to the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development]] ([https://undocs.org/A/RES/71/313 A/RES/71/313])</ref> Ebumnuche a nwere ihe ngosi abụọ: <ref name="UN2017">United Nations (2017) Resolution adopted by the General Assembly on 6 July 2017, [[:File:A RES 71 313 E.pdf|Work of the Statistical Commission pertaining to the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development (A/RES/71/313)]]</ref> * Ihe ngosi 6.4.1: Mgbanwe na arụmọrụ iji mmiri na-agafe oge * Ihe ngosi 6.4.2: Ọkwa mgbakasị mmiri: mwepu mmiri dị ọcha dịka oke nke akụrụngwa mmiri dị A chịkọtara ọnọdụ dị ugbu a gbasara nrụgide mmiri dị ka ndị a: "N'afọ 2017, [[Asia|Central na Southern Asia]] na Northern Africa debara aha oke nrụgide mmiri - nke a kọwara dị ka oke mmiri dị ọhụrụ wepụrụ na mkpokọta mmiri ọhụrụ a na-emegharị - nke karịrị pasent 70". Nke a na-esote Western Asia na Eastern Asia, na oke nrụgide mmiri nke 54 pasent na 46 pasent, n'otu n'otu. <ref name="UNESC2020"/> === Ebumnuche 6.5: Mejuputa IWRM === A haziri 6.5 Target dị ka: "Site na 2030, mejuputa njikwa akụrụngwa mmiri agbakwunyere na ọkwa niile, gụnyere site na imekọ ihe ọnụ dị ka o kwesịrị." <ref name=":17"/> Ihe ngosi abụọ a gụnyere: <ref name="UN2017">United Nations (2017) Resolution adopted by the General Assembly on 6 July 2017, [[:File:A RES 71 313 E.pdf|Work of the Statistical Commission pertaining to the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development (A/RES/71/313)]]</ref> * Ihe ngosi 6.5.1 ogo njikwa akụrụngwa mmiri agbakwunyere * Ngosipụta 6.5.2 Oke nke mpaghara mmiri na-agafe agafe nwere nhazi ọrụ maka imekọ ihe ọnụ mmiri Ntụleghachi na 2020 kwuru na: "N'afọ 2018, pasent 60 nke mba 172 kọrọ ọkwa dị ala, nke dị ala na nke dị ala nke mmejuputa iwu nke njikwa mmiri mmiri na-ejikọta ya na o yighị ka ọ ga-emezu ebumnuche mmejuputa ya na 2030." <ref name="UNESC2020"/> Otu nyocha ahụ kwuru na: "Dịka data sitere na mba 67 si kwuo, nkezi pasentị nke ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri nke mba nke usoro arụ ọrụ kpuchiri bụ pasent 59 n'ime oge 2017-2018. Naanị mba 17 kọrọ na usoro ndị dị otú ahụ kpuchiri basins ha niile na-agafe agafe." <ref name="UNESC2020"/> === Ebumnuche 6.6: Chedo ma weghachi gburugburu ebe obibi metụtara mmiri === Ebumnuche 6.6 bụ: "Ka ọ na-erule afọ 2020, chebe ma weghachi ihe ndị dị ndụ metụtara mmiri, gụnyere ugwu, oke ọhịa, ala mmiri, osimiri, ọdọ mmiri na ọdọ mmiri ." <ref name=":17"/> O nwere otu ihe ngosi: Ihe ngosi 6.6.1 bụ "Mgbanwe n'ókè nke gburugburu ebe obibi metụtara mmiri ka oge na-aga". <ref name="UN2017">United Nations (2017) Resolution adopted by the General Assembly on 6 July 2017, [[:File:A RES 71 313 E.pdf|Work of the Statistical Commission pertaining to the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development (A/RES/71/313)]]</ref> A na-atụ anya na mmetụta ọjọọ nke mgbanwe ihu igwe nwere ike ibelata oke mmiri dị ọcha, si otú ahụ na-akawanye njọ gburugburu ebe obibi na ebe obibi . <ref name="UNESC2020"/> === Ebumnuche 6.a: gbasaa nkwado mmiri na idebe ihe ọcha na mba ndị ka na-emepe emepe === Ebumnuche 6.a bụ: "Site na 2030, gbasaa nkwado mba ụwa na nkwado ikike ike nye mba ndị ka na-emepe emepe n'ime mmiri na mmemme metụtara mmiri na idebe ihe ọcha, gụnyere iwepụta mmiri, mkpochapụ, nrụpụta mmiri, ọgwụgwọ mmiri na-ekpo ọkụ, imegharị ihe na iji teknụzụ eme ihe." <ref name=":17"/> O nwere otu ihe na-egosi: Ihe ngosi 6.a.1 bụ "Ogo nke enyemaka mmepe nke mmiri na idebe ihe ọcha bụ akụkụ nke atụmatụ mmefu gọọmentị na-ahazi". <ref name="UN2017">United Nations (2017) Resolution adopted by the General Assembly on 6 July 2017, [[:File:A RES 71 313 E.pdf|Work of the Statistical Commission pertaining to the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development (A/RES/71/313)]]</ref> N'afọ 2015, oke ODA zuru ụwa ọnụ na mpaghara mmiri ruru anyị ijeri $8.6, gụnyere ịgba mbọ hụ na isi mmiri na ịdị ọcha, na ịkwalite akụrụngwa mmiri ugbo na ike mmiri. Agbanyeghị, 80% nke mba anaghị emezu ebumnuche mmiri na ịdị ọcha n'ihi enweghị ego zuru oke [6]. SDG 6 adịghị aga nke ọma n'ihi mmejuputa iwu na-adịghị mma, ụkọ ndị ọrụ, ego ezughị oke na mmetụta dị nta nke ego enyemaka mgbe etinyeghị ntinye ego ogologo oge na-agbanwe agbanwe. <ref>{{Cite journal|author=Abellán|first=Javier|date=2022|title=Promoting global access to water and sanitation: A supply and demand perspective|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/358066020|journal=Water Resources and Economics|language=en|volume=38|issue=|pages=100194|doi=10.1016/j.wre.2022.100194}}</ref> Nkà na ụzụ ọhụrụ na njikwa dị irè karị bụ ntọala maka ịkwalite SDG 6 n'ọnọdụ mkpirisi ego enyemaka. Ya mere, ibelata mmefu ego nwere ike ịzọpụta nnukwu ego. Maka ime obodo na mba ndị ka na-emepe emepe, ọ dị mkpa iji ihe ndị kwesịrị ekwesị, kwalite ịzụ ahịa na kpochapụ ndị etiti[7]. N'afọ 2019, akwụkwọ sitere na UN chọpụtara na: "Mgbe ọtụtụ afọ nke mmụba na-aga n'ihu na mgbe ha ruru ijeri $ 9 na 2016, enyemaka mmepe gọọmentị (ODA) na mpaghara mmiri jụrụ site na 2 pasent site na 2016 ruo 2017. Agbanyeghị, nkwa ODA maka mpaghara mmiri wee jiri pasentị 36 gbagoro n'etiti 2016 na 2017, na-egosi nlebara anya ọhụrụ nke ndị na-enye onyinye na mpaghara ahụ." <ref name="UNESC2019">United Nations Economic and Social Council (2019) [https://undocs.org/en/E/2019/68 Special edition: progress towards the Sustainable Development Goals], Report of the Secretary-General (E/2019/68), High-level political forum on sustainable development, convened under the auspices of the Economic and Social Council (8 May 2019)</ref> Otu afọ ka e mesịrị n'April 2020 ka ekwuru na "ego ODA na mpaghara mmiri ruru ijeri $9, ma ọ bụ pasent 6, na 2018, na-eso mbelata ego ndị dị otú ahụ na 2017". <ref name="UNESC2020"/> Ihe karịrị ijeri mmadụ abụọ enweghị mmiri ọñụnụ ejirizi nke ọma. Ijeri 1.6 ọzọ bụ ndị na-adịghị ọcha ọcha. Ọ bụrụ na ọnọdụ a na-aga n'ihu, ụwa agaghị enwe mmiri zuru oke iji gboo mkpa site na 2030 ya mere na-eme ka ọ ghara ikwe omume izute SDG 6-mmiri dị mma na ịdị ọcha maka mmadụ niile. Mgbanwe ihu igwe na-emekwa ka ọnọdụ nnweta mmiri ka njọ ka ọ na-emetụta usoro mmiri nke ụwa site na ụbara nke ụkọ mmiri ozuzo, idei mmiri na mmiri ozuzo na-enweghị ntụkwasị obi. Iji merie nsogbu nke nsogbu mmiri, Global Water Security & Sanitation Partnership (GWSP) na-arụkọ ọrụ na ọtụtụ mba iji mee ka mmiri dịịrị nwa amaala ya. Na 2020, GWSP jikọrọ aka na Dominican Republic na mpaghara Espaillat rụkwaa ma nabata ụzọ ọhụrụ nke nchịkọta na ọgwụgwọ mmiri ebe usoro ọgwụgwọ mmiri na-adịghị arụ ọrụ kemgbe 2004. Nke a emela ka ịdị ọcha, ịdị ọcha na ịnweta mmiri ọñụñụ dị ọcha ka mma. === Ebumnuche 6.b: Kwado itinye aka na mpaghara na njikwa mmiri na ịdị ọcha === Ebumnuche 6.b bụ: "Na-akwado ma wusie ike nsonye nke ndị obodo na imeziwanye mmiri na idebe ihe ọcha." <ref name=":17"/> O nwere otu ihe na-egosi: Ngosipụta 6.b.1 bụ "Ozi nke ngalaba nhazi mpaghara nwere ụkpụrụ na usoro arụ ọrụ na usoro maka itinye aka na mpaghara mmiri na njikwa mmiri". <ref name="UN2017">United Nations (2017) Resolution adopted by the General Assembly on 6 July 2017, [[:File:A RES 71 313 E.pdf|Work of the Statistical Commission pertaining to the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development (A/RES/71/313)]]</ref> === Ụlọ ọrụ nchekwa === Ndị ụlọ ọrụ nchekwa na-ahụ maka ịkọ akụkọ ihe ngosi ndị a: <ref name="JMP2017"/> <ref name=":1"/> * Ihe ngosi 6.1.1 na 6.2.1: Mmemme nleba anya ọnụ maka inye mmiri na ịdị ọcha (JMP). JMP bụ mmemme nkwonkwo nke UNICEF na WHO ma na-achịkọta data iji nyochaa ọganihu nke Target 6.1 na Target 6.2. * Ihe ngosi 6.3.1: UN-Habitat na WHO * Ihe ngosi 6.3.2: Global Environment Monitoring System for Freshwater (GEMS / Water), International Center for Water Resources and Global Change ( UNESCO -IHP); Ụlọ ọrụ Federal Institute of Hydrology, [[Jémanị|Germany]] ; Mahadum University Cork, Ireland * Ihe ngosi 6.4.1 na 6.4.2: FAOSTAT - AQUASTAT * Ihe ngosi 6.5.1: United Nations Environment Programme -DHI Center * Ihe ngosi 6.5.2: UNECE na UNESCO-IHP * Ihe ngosi 6.6.1: Mmemme gburugburu ebe obibi nke United Nations, World Conservation Monitoring Center, International Water Management Institute (IWMI) * Ihe ngosi 6.a.1 na 6.b.1: UN-Water Global Analysis and Assessment of Sanitation and Drinking Water (GLAAS) == Ihe ịma aka == === Mmetụta nke ọrịa COVID-19 === Ọrịa COVID-19 emetụtala ndị ogbenye bi n'ime ime obodo na-enweghị obere mmiri dị ọcha ma ọ bụ enweghị ohere. <ref>{{Cite journal|author=Heidari|first=Hadi|date=2021|title=Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Urban Water Cycle|url=http://www.lidsen.com/journals/aeer/aeer-02-03-021|journal=Advances in Environmental and Engineering Research|language=en|volume=2|issue=3|pages=1|doi=10.21926/aeer.2103021}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal|author=Staddon|first=C.|title=Water insecurity compounds the global coronavirus crisis|journal=Water International|date=3 July 2020|volume=45|issue=5|pages=416–422|doi=10.1080/02508060.2020.1769345}}</ref> Ọrịa ọjọọ ahụ egosila mkpa ịdị ọcha, ịdị ọcha na ịnweta mmiri dị ọcha nke ọma iji gbochie ọrịa. Dị ka Òtù Ahụ Ike Ụwa si kwuo, ịsacha aka bụ otu n'ime ihe kacha dị irè mmadụ nwere ike ime iji belata mgbasa nke nje na igbochi ọrịa, gụnyere nje COVID-19. <ref name=":4">{{Cite web|author=Martin|title=Water and Sanitation|url=https://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/water-and-sanitation/|accessdate=2020-09-25|work=United Nations Sustainable Development|language=en-US}}</ref> A na-arịọ ụwa ka ọ kwọọ aka ọtụtụ ugboro n'ụbọchị, saa na sachapụ ihe ọ bụla e si n'èzí pụta, sachapụkwa ụgbọ njem ọha n'otu oge n'otu ụbọchị. <ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-06-08|title=Impact of Covid-19 on SDG Goal 6: Clean Water and Sanitation|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/readersblog/sustainable-thoughts/impact-of-covid-19-on-sdg-goal-6-clean-water-and-sanitation-21187/|accessdate=2020-09-25|work=Times of India Blog|language=en}}</ref> Oriri mmiri, yana ọgbọ mmiri mkpofu n'ụwa niile, abawanyela okpukpu abụọ ugbu a. UN-Habitat na ndị mmekọ na-arụkọ ọrụ iji kwado ịnweta mmiri pọmpụ na ịsacha aka na ebe ndị na-adịghị mma. <ref name=":4"/> Site na mmụba nke akụrụngwa mmiri na 2020, o kwuru na n'afọ 2030 nde mmadụ 700 nwere ike chụpụ ya n'ihi ụkọ mmiri. <ref>{{Cite web|title=The sustainable development goals report 2020|url=https://unstats.un.org/sdgs/report/2020/The-Sustainable-Development-Goals-Report-2020.pdf}}</ref> '''Ihe iyi egwu mgbanwe ihu igwe''' Mgbanwe ihu igwe bụ nnukwu ihe ịma aka iji nweta ebumnuche mmepe na-adigide 6 na mmiri dị ọcha na idebe ihe ọcha maka mmadụ niile. Mmetọ sitere na mmanụ ọkụ ebutela mmetọ nke mmiri na-emebi ohere ịnweta mmiri dị ọcha ma na-ebute mgbanwe ihu igwe na-agbanwe ọnọdụ ihu igwe na-abawanye ụkọ mmiri ozuzo na mpaghara ụfọdụ yana idei mmiri na mpaghara ndị ọzọ. Renzaho et al. (2017) na-atụ aro mkpa maka biofuels iji belata mmetụta nke mgbanwe ihu igwe na ịnweta mmiri dị ọcha na ịdị ọcha. Ho & Goethals (2019) SDG 6 na-eyi egwu egwu egwu zuru ụwa ọnụ na-apụta gụnyere mgbanwe ihu igwe, mbuso agha ndu, mbelata mmiri, na mmụba nke ala nke na-etinye ihe egwu na ọdọ mmiri na-adigide n'ọdịnihu. Ọ bụ ihe iyi egwu dị na ọdọ mmiri na ọdọ mmiri n'ọdịnihu na-egosi ka SDG 6 n'etiti SDG ndị ọzọ si egwu mgbanwe ihu igwe. Ime obodo, mgbochi mmiri, microplastics, na ụdị mmetọ ndị ọzọ na-abawanye mbibi nke mgbanwe ihu igwe ma na-emebi nkwado nke ọdọ mmiri na ọdọ mmiri. Mycoo (2018) na-atụ aro ka ekwesịrị ileba anya n'ihe ịma aka nchịkwa mmiri iji kwado na nzute SDG 6. Ya mere, ọ dị mkpa ka e nwekwuo atumatu, ngwá ọrụ, na omume dị mma iji dozie okwu na-arịwanye elu nke nchekwa mmiri ma nwetakwa mmepe na-adịgide adịgide n'okpuru egwu nke mgbanwe ihu igwe. N'otu aka ahụ, Delany-Crowe et al. Amụma (2019) gbadoro ụkwụ na inweta SDG 6 na 13 gbakwunyere 14 chọrọ ijikọ usoro mgbanwe ihu igwe ebe ewepụtara usoro mbelata zuru oke. Holcomb (2021) na-akọwa isi nkwusi okwu ike na mgbanwe ihu igwe iyi egwu na SDG 6 na ụzọ nha gburugburu. '''Mbunye na ihe ịma aka n'akụkụ ihe achọrọ''' Mmiri dị ọcha na ịdị ọcha na-emetụta ọ bụghị nanị na usoro nnukwu gburugburu ebe obibi, ma ha na-emetụtakwa nnukwu ebumnuche ụlọ ọrụ na àgwà oriri mmiri. <ref>{{Cite journal|author=Bo|first=Yan|date=2021|title=Additional surface-water deficit to meet global universal water accessibility by 2030|journal=Journal of Cleaner Production|language=en|volume=320|issue=3|doi=10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.128829}}</ref> Ka mba ndị na-emepe emepe na Sub-Saharan Africa na South-South-East Asia na-aba ụba nke ukwuu, mba ndị a nwere ihe ịma aka pụrụ iche iji megharịa na ichekwa ihe ndị dị ndụ mmiri. Na nguzobe Sustainable Development Goals na 2015, MDGs gara aga hapụrụ nde 663 chọrọ inweta mmiri dị mma. <ref>{{Cite journal|author=Labat|first=Ashley|date=2018|title=Measuring Progressive Realization of Sustainable Development Goal 6 A Review of Implementation Outcomes for Improvement|url=https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/concern/masters_papers/jq085p33n|journal=University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill|language=en|volume=1|issue=1|pages=29|doi=10.17615/tmpr-5f64}}</ref> Na 2019, GLAAS [UN-Water Global Analysis and Assessment of Sanitation and Drinking Water] chọpụtara na ọ bụ naanị mba 6 n'ime 101 nwere akụrụngwa ego na nke mmadụ iji gboo nhicha na nhicha mmiri n'ime obodo nke ha. <ref>{{Cite journal|author=World Health Organization|date=2019|title=UN-Water GLAAS 2019: National systems to support drinking-water, sanitation and hygiene – Global status report 2019|url=https://www.unwater.org/publications/un-water-glaas-2019-national-systems-to-support-drinking-water-sanitation-and-hygiene-global-status-report-2019/|journal=UN Water|language=en|volume=1|issue=1|pages=144}}</ref> Na-agbanwe agbanwe. Ihe na-erughị 15% nke mba na-emezu ebumnuche nke ịkwado mmiri dị ọcha nke ọma na mbọ idebe ihe ọcha n'ime obodo nke ha [ibid]. Mbelata ego a na-emetụta akụkụ ndị ọzọ metụtara SDG 6 na ihe ngosi ọganihu ya. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, ebe agbagoro mbọ mmiri ọñụñụ dị ọcha nke ọma, idebe ihe ọcha, njikwa mmiri mkpofu, na ebe ịdị ọcha akwụsịla n'ọganihu ha ruo 2030. <ref>{{Cite journal|author=Cai|first=Jialiang|date=2021|title=Match words with deeds: Curbing water risk with the Sustainable Development Goal 6 index|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/353631930|journal=Journal of Cleaner Production|language=en|volume=318|issue=4|pages=14|doi=10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.128509}}</ref> Ọtụtụ n'ime ihe a na-elekwasị anya n'ime afọ iri na-abịanụ bụ na mba ndị dị na Sub Saharan Africa bụ ndị na-agaghị emeli ihe ha chọrọ ma ọ bụrụ na ego na-eto eto adịghị echekwa n'ime afọ iri na-abịanụ. Libey et.al, (2020) mara na ọbụlagodi n'ebe abụọ ahọpụtara na North-Eastern Africa ebe ụtụ isi ụlọ ọrụ dị elu karịa mpaghara ha gbara ya gburugburu, ụlọ ọrụ ọha na eze enweghị ike ịga n'ihu na-achọ mmiri mgbe niile. <ref>{{Cite journal|author=Libey|first=Anna|date=2020|title=Who pays for water? Comparing life cycle costs of water services among several low, medium and high-income utilities|journal=World Development|language=en|volume=136|pages=13|doi=10.1016/j.worlddev.2020.105155}}</ref> N'ịgbasa okwu a n'ihu, ọchịchị ọtụtụ ọkwa ka bụ ihe dị mkpa na-eduzi ego nke ọma n'ebe achọrọ ha. Nkiaka et.al, (2021), dere na omume nlekọta mmiri na-adịgide adịgide ga-ekwe omume ma ọ bụrụ na enwere ngwọta mpaghara maka Sub-Saharan Africa nke na-ejikọta usoro na omume nlekọta mmiri dị ugbu a. <ref>{{Cite journal|author=Nkiaka|first=Elias|date=2021|title=Water security in sub-Saharan Africa: Understanding the status of sustainable development goal 6|journal=WIREs Water|language=en|volume=8|issue=6|pages=13|doi=10.1002/wat2.1552}}</ref> == Nleba anya na ọganihu == A na-ebipụta akụkọ ọganihu dị elu maka SDG niile n'ụdị akụkọ sitere n'aka odeakwụkwọ ukwu nke United Nations . Nke kacha ọhụrụ bụ site na Eprel 2020. <ref name="UNESC2020"/> Akụkọ tupu nke ahụ sitere na Mee 2019. <ref name="UNESC2019"/> Na mgbakwunye, enwere ike ịhụ mmelite na ọganihu na webụsaịtị SDG nke United Nations na-elekọta. <ref name=":5"/> '''<big>Nleba anya ọganihu site na ọnọdụ zuru ụwa ọnụ</big>''' Ileba anya n'ọganihu ọkwa mba nke Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 6 site na akara ngosi mba ụwa kwadoro bụ ihe nyocha siri ike na nnukwu ego sitere n'aka ndị otu mba ụwa na gọọmentị mba. SDG 6 nwere ebumnuche isi isii na ihe nrịbama itoolu, yana ụzọ abụọ e ji emejuputa (MoI) lekwasịrị anya na ihe nleba anya. A ga-enyocha ihe ngosi maka SDG 6 wee kọwapụta ya na ọkwa mba ụwa site n'aka ndị ọrụ nlekọta United Nations (UN) n'okpuru UN-Water managed Integrated Monitoring Initiative for SDG 6 (IMI), n'agbanyeghị data na nsonaazụ mba ga-abụ ntọala nke nlekota niile. na akuko. <ref name=":7">{{Cite journal|author=Guppy|first=Lisa|date=2019-03-01|title=Sustainable development goal 6: two gaps in the race for indicators|url=https://doi.org/10.1007/s11625-018-0649-z|journal=Sustainability Science|language=en|volume=14|issue=2|pages=501–513|doi=10.1007/s11625-018-0649-z|issn=1862-4057}}</ref> N'ọtụtụ ọnọdụ, a ga-eji akara ngosi akara iji tụọ ọganihu (ma ọ bụ enweghị ya). Ya mere, mmejuputa atumatu SDG na-egosi nleba anya na-aga n'ihu na nleba anya n'oge iji lelee ma uzo na uzo mmepe ziri ezi. <ref>{{Cite journal|author=Bhaduri|first=Anik|date=2016|title=Achieving Sustainable Development Goals from a Water Perspective|journal=Frontiers in Environmental Science|volume=4|pages=64|doi=10.3389/fenvs.2016.00064|issn=2296-665X}}</ref> Enwere ihe ngosi 11 zuru ụwa ọnụ iji soro ọganihu ruo SDG 6. Atụmatụ zuru ụwa ọnụ gbadoro ụkwụ na data obodo, ndị ụlọ ọrụ United Nations na-ahụ maka ya chịkọtara ma kwado ya, mgbe ụfọdụ data sitere na isi mmalite ndị ọzọ na-akwado ya. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Snapshots {{!}} SDG 6 Data|url=https://www.sdg6data.org/snapshots?country=#demo-wrapper|accessdate=2021-10-23|work=www.sdg6data.org}}</ref> * Ihe ngosi 6.1.1 - Mmiri ọṅụṅụ : 74% nke ndị bi n'ụwa na-eji ọrụ mmiri ọ drinkingụ drinkingụ na-achịkwa nke ọma (egosi SDG 6.1.1, 2007-2020) * Ihe ngosi 6.2.1a - ịdị ọcha : 54% nke ndị bi n'ụwa na-eji ọrụ idebe ihe ọcha ejiri n'enweghị nsogbu (SDG egosi 6.2.1a, 2016-2020) * Ihe ngosi 6.2.1b - ịdị ọcha : 71% nke ndị bi n'ụwa nwere ohere ịnweta ebe eji asa aka (SDG egosi 6.2.1b, 2014-2020) * Ihe ngosi 6.3.1 - Ọgwụgwọ mmiri mkpofu : A na-edozi 56% nke mmiri mkpofu ụlọ n'ụwa n'enweghị nsogbu (egosi SDG 6.3.1, 2020) * Ihe ngosi 6.3.2 - Ogo mmiri : 72% nke mmiri mmiri a na-enyocha nwere ezigbo mma mmiri gburugburu (SDG 6.3.2, 2017-2020) * Ihe ngosi 6.4.1 - Ịrụ ọrụ nke mmiri : 19 $/m3 bụ ọnụ ahịa dollar agbakwunyere na oke mmiri ejiri mee ihe na ọkwa ụwa (SDG 6.4.1, 2017-2018) * Ihe ngosi 6.4.2 - Nchegbu mmiri : A na-ewepụ 17% nke akụrụngwa mmiri mmeghari ohuru n'ụwa, mgbe etinyechara n'uche ihe ndị chọrọ ịgbasa gburugburu ebe obibi (SDG egosi 6.4.2, 2018) * ihe ngosi 6.5.1 - njikwa akụrụngwa mmiri jikọtara ọnụ : 54% bụ ogo nke mmejuputa iwu njikwa akụrụngwa mmiri (IWRM) na ọkwa ụwa (SDG egosi 6.5.1, 2017-2020) * Ihe ngosi 6.5.2 - imekọ ihe ọnụ mmiri : 58% nke mpaghara mmiri na-agafe agafe nwere nhazi ọrụ maka imekọ ihe ọnụ mmiri (SDG 6.5.2, 2020) * Ihe ngosi 6.6.1 - Usoro gburugburu ebe obibi metụtara mmiri : N'ọkwa zuru ụwa ọnụ, a kọwapụtaghị data obodo zuru oke na 2016 iji chọpụta mgbanwe n'ókè nke gburugburu ebe obibi metụtara mmiri (SDG egosi 6.6.1) * egosi 6.a.1 - Mmekọrịta mba ụwa : 9.3 b$ bụ ego zuru ụwa ọnụ nke enyemaka mmepe gọọmentị metụtara mmiri na ịdị ọcha enwetara na 2019 (SDG egosi 6.a.1) * egosi 6.b.1 - nsonye obodo : A na-atụle nsonye obodo site n'ọtụtụ ihe ngosi nke na-ejikọtaghị n'otu uru n'ozuzu ya (SDG 6 egosi 6.b.1) Na 2015, Sustainable Development Solutions Network (2015, p.&nbsp;7) dere na ihe ngosi siri ike ga-eme ihe abụọ: mee ka ebumnuche SDG rụọ ọrụ dị ka ngwá ọrụ nchịkwa iji nyere mba na obodo ụwa aka ịmepụta atụmatụ mmejuputa ihe àmà na-egosi ma kesaa ihe onwunwe ya; ma mee dị ka kaadị akụkọ iji tụọ ọganihu SDG. <ref name=":7"/> Ntụnyere ihe ngosi SDG 6 ndị a na ọkwa mba na-enye anyị ohere inyocha ọganihu nke mba dị iche iche n'ihe gbasara SDG. Dịka ọmụmaatụ: Na [[Kánada|Canada]], 99% nke ndị bi na ya na-eji ọrụ mmiri ọ drinkingụ drinkingụ a na-achịkwa nke ọma (egosi SDG 6.1.1, 2020); 84% nke ndị bi na ya na-eji ọrụ idebe ihe ọcha na-achịkwa nke ọma (egosi SDG 6.2.1a, 2020); A na-edozi 82% nke mmiri mkpofu ụlọ na Canada nke ọma (egosi SDG 6.3.1, 2020), wdg. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Country (or area) {{!}} SDG 6 Data|url=https://www.sdg6data.org/country-or-area/Canada#anchor_6.1.1|accessdate=2021-10-23|work=www.sdg6data.org}}</ref> Site n'ịtụle ihe ngosi ndị a dị n'elu, nke a na-egosi na Canada arụpụtala nnukwu nsonaazụ n'inweta SDG 6. '''<big>Ụkwụ mmiri</big>''' Akara ụkwụ mmiri na-egosi oke ojiji mmiri n'ihe gbasara oriri ndị mmadụ. <ref>{{Cite journal|author=Hoekstra|first=A. Y.|date=2007-01-01|title=Water footprints of nations: Water use by people as a function of their consumption pattern|url=https://doi.org/10.1007/s11269-006-9039-x|journal=Water Resources Management|language=en|volume=21|issue=1|pages=35–48|doi=10.1007/s11269-006-9039-x|issn=1573-1650}}</ref> Akara ukwu mmiri (WF) bụ ihe nrịbama nwere ọtụtụ akụkụ, na-atụ ma oriri mmiri (WF na-eri nri) na mmetọ mmiri (WF na-emebi emebi). WF na-eri nri na-ekewa n'ime WF ndụ ndụ, na-atụ oriri nke mmiri ozuzo, yana WF na-acha anụnụ anụnụ, na-atụ oriri nke mmiri ala ma ọ bụ mmiri elu. <ref>{{Cite journal|author=Hoekstra|first=Arjen Y.|date=June 2017|title=Advancing Water Footprint Assessment Research: Challenges in Monitoring Progress towards Sustainable Development Goal 6|journal=Water|language=en|volume=9|issue=6|pages=438|doi=10.3390/w9060438}}</ref> Kedu ka akara ụkwụ mmiri nwere ike isi nyere aka nyochaa ọganihu na SDG 6.3 na 6.4? * Akara ukwu mmiri isi awọ nwere ike ịbụ ihe ngosi dị mkpa maka ịlele ọganihu na ebumnuche 6.3. Enwere ike igosipụta akara ukwu mmiri isi awọ n'usoro nke oke mmiri emetọọ n'otu nkeji nke usoro ma ọ bụ ngwaahịa akọwapụtara. * Ụkwụ mmiri na-acha anụnụ anụnụ nwere ike ịbụ ihe ngosi dị mkpa maka ịlele ọganihu na ebumnuche 6.4. Enwere ike igosipụta akara ukwu mmiri na-acha anụnụ anụnụ n'usoro nke oke mmiri a na-eri kwa nkeji nke otu usoro ma ọ bụ ngwaahịa. '''<big>Ọganihu nke Water Action Afọ iri</big>''' '''<big>''2005-2015: Mmiri maka Ndụ''</big>''' Ebumnuche bụ isi nke ' Water for Life ' bụ ịkwalite mbọ iji mezuo nkwa mba ụwa emere n'ihe metụtara mmiri na mmiri. Nkwenye ndị a gụnyere ebumnuche mmepe nke Millennium iji belata ọkara ọkara nke ndị mmadụ na-enwetaghị mmiri ọñụñụ dị ọcha n'afọ 2015 na ịkwụsị iji mmiri na-eme ihe na-adịghị adịgide adịgide. Na Mgbakọ Mba Ụwa na Johannesburg na 2002, a nakweere ihe mgbaru ọsọ abụọ ọzọ: iji bu n'obi ịmepụta usoro nhazi mmiri na nhazi mmiri site na 2005 na ibelata ọkara, site na 2015, ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ndị na-enweghị ohere ịdị ọcha. Ụbọchị Mmiri Ụwa, 22 Maachị 2005, bụ akara mmalite nke afọ iri nke 'Water for Life'. '''<big>''2018-2028: Ịkwụsị nsogbu mmiri zuru ụwa ọnụ''</big>''' Mbelata 40% na akụrụngwa mmiri dị ọhụrụ site na 2030 yana ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị bi n'ụwa na-arị elu dịka atụmatụ ugbu a siri dị ka ụwa na-eche maka nsogbu mmiri zuru ụwa ọnụ. N'ịghọta ihe ịma aka na-eto eto, UN General Assembly weputara [https://wateractiondecade.org/ Water Action Decade] n'ihu ọha International Decade for Action "Water for Sustainable Development" na 22 Maachị 2018, iji chịkọta ihe ga-enyere aka gbanwee otú anyị si ejikwa mmiri. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|author=Martin|title=Water Action Decade|url=https://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/water-action-decade/|accessdate=2021-10-23|work=United Nations Sustainable Development|language=en-US}}</ref> Afọ iri ọhụrụ ahụ ga-elekwasị anya na mmepe na-adịgide adịgide na njikwa njikọ nke akụrụngwa mmiri maka mmezu nke ebumnuche mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe, akụ na ụba na gburugburu ebe obibi yana mmejuputa na nkwalite mmemme na ọrụ ndị metụtara ya, yana ịkwalite nkwado na mmekorita na ọkwa niile. iji nyere aka nweta ebumnuche na ebumnuche metụtara mmiri nke mba ụwa kwenyere, gụnyere ndị dị na [https://sdgs.un.org/2030agenda 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development] . <ref name=":0" /> == Njikọ na SDG ndị ọzọ == SDGs na-adabere nke ukwuu. Ya mere, inye mmiri dị ọcha na idebe ihe ọcha maka mmadụ niile bụ ihe mmalite iji nweta ọtụtụ n'ime SDG ndị ọzọ. <ref>{{Cite web|date=16 November 2017|title=Sustainable sanitation and the SDGs: interlinkages and opportunities|url=http://www.susana.org/en/knowledge-hub/resources-and-publications/susana-publications/details/2859|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171117064658/http://www.susana.org/en/knowledge-hub/resources-and-publications/susana-publications/details/2859|archivedate=2017-11-17|accessdate=16 November 2017|work=Sustainable Sanitation Alliance Knowledge Hub}}</ref> Ndị ọkachamara n'ihe gbasara ịsa ahụ ekwuola na ọ bụrụ na ọ nweghị ọganihu na ebumnuche 6, a gaghị enwe ike imezu ebumnuche ndị ọzọ na ebumnuche. <ref name="IPSnews">{{Cite web|url=http://www.ipsnews.net/2015/10/opinion-sanitation-water-hygiene-for-all-cannot-wait-for-2030/|title=Opinion: "Sanitation, Water & Hygiene For All" Cannot Wait for 2030|author=Rao Gupta|first=Geeta|date=October 2015|work=Inter Press|accessdate=23 October 2015}}</ref> <ref name="batty">{{Cite web|url=https://www.devex.com/news/beyond-the-sdgs-how-to-deliver-water-and-sanitation-to-everyone-everywhere-86975|title=Beyond the SDGs: How to deliver water and sanitation to everyone, everywhere|author=Batty|first=Margaret|date=25 September 2015|accessdate=23 October 2015}}</ref> Dịka ọmụmaatụ, nkwalite ịdị ọcha nwere ike ibute ọtụtụ ọrụ ( SDG 8 ) nke ga-edugakwa na uto akụ na ụba. <ref name=":10">{{Cite journal|author=Andersson|first=Kim|date=2016-12-08|title=Towards "Sustainable" Sanitation: Challenges and Opportunities in Urban Areas|journal=Sustainability|language=en|volume=8|issue=12|pages=1289|doi=10.3390/su8121289}}</ref> Ọganihu SDG 6 na-eme ka ahụike dịkwuo mma ( SDG 3 ) na ikpe ziri ezi nke ọha mmadụ ( SDG 16 ). <ref>{{Cite web|date=19 July 2014|title=Press release – UN General Assembly's Open Working Group proposes sustainable development goals|url=http://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/content/documents/4538pressowg13.pdf|accessdate=2016-10-18|work=Sustainabledevelopment.un.org}}</ref> Iweghachi ihe ndị dị na excreta na mmiri mkpofu (dị ka nri, mmiri na ike) na-enye aka nweta SDG 12 ( oriri na-adịgide adịgide na mmepụta ) na SDG 2 (kwụsị agụụ). Ịhụ na ịdị ọcha zuru oke na njikwa mmiri mkpofu n'akụkụ dum uru dị n'ime obodo na-enye aka na SDG 11 ( obodo na obodo na-adigide ) na SDG 1 (enweghị ịda ogbenye). <ref name=":10" /> Sistemu idebe ihe ọcha nwere mgbake akụrụngwa na mgbake ọzọ na-enweta nlebara anya. <ref name=":11">{{Cite web|author=Paranipe|first=Nitin|date=14 November 2017|title=The rise of the sanitation economy: how business can help solve a global crisis|url=https://news.trust.org/item/20170919145350-bovq7|accessdate=14 November 2017|work=Thomson Reuters Foundation News}}</ref> Ha nwere ike inye aka n'inweta opekata mpe iri na anọ nke SDG, ọkachasị n'ime obodo. <ref name=":10"/> == Ụlọ ọrụ == Sustainable Sanitation Alliance (SuSanA) emeela ka ọ bụrụ ọrụ ya iji nyere aka nweta ebumnuche 6.2 na 6.3. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Vision|url=http://www.susana.org/en/about/vision-mission|accessdate=16 November 2017|work=Sustainable Sanitation Alliance|archivedate=19 April 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150419043556/http://www.susana.org/en/about/vision-mission}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.susana.org/en/knowledge-hub/resources-and-publications/library/details/2715|title=Contribution of sustainable sanitation to the Agenda 2030 for sustainable development - SuSanA Vision Document 2017|year=2017|publisher=SuSanA, Eschborn, Germany|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171116185906/http://www.susana.org/en/knowledge-hub/resources-and-publications/library/details/2715|archivedate=2017-11-16}}</ref> Òtù zuru ụwa ọnụ dị ka Oxfam, UNICEF, WaterAid na ọtụtụ obere NGO yana mahadum, ụlọ ọrụ nyocha, ụlọ ọrụ nkeonwe, ụlọ ọrụ gọọmenti nwere wdg bụ akụkụ nke SuSanA ma raara onwe ya nye iji nweta SDG 6. <ref>{{Cite web|year=2017|title=Contribution of sustainable sanitation to the Agenda 2030 for sustainable development - SuSanA Vision Document 2017|url=http://www.susana.org/en/knowledge-hub/resources-and-publications/library/details/2715|publisher=SuSanA, Eschborn, Germany}}</ref> === Ụlọ ọrụ dabere na US[edit] === Na US enwere ihe karịrị puku ụlọ ọrụ na-akwụ ụtụ isi atọ na-arụ ọrụ n'okwu metụtara UN SDG 6, dịka data etinyere na Ọrụ Internal Revenue Service -IRS yana nke X4Impact gbakọtara. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Press Release: X4Impact, a Market Intelligence Platform for Social Innovation, Announced U.S. Launch During the 2020 Un General Assembly - NextBillion|url=https://nextbillion.net/news/x4impact-a-market-intelligence-platform-for-social-innovation-announced-u-s-launch-during-the-2020-un-general-assembly/|accessdate=2021-11-16|work=nextbillion.net|language=en-US}}</ref> X4Impact, site na nkwado nke Rockefeller Foundation, Ford Foundation, <ref>{{Cite web|author=X4Impact|title=Ford Foundation Fuels Tech for the Public Interest with X4Impact|url=https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/ford-foundation-fuels-tech-for-the-public-interest-with-x4impact-301324241.html|accessdate=2021-11-16|work=www.prnewswire.com|language=en}}</ref> Hewlett Foundation, <ref>{{Cite web|title=Press Release: Hewlett Foundation Becomes X4Impact Founding Partner to Advance Technology for the Public Interest With Focus on Entrepreneurs Creating Tech for Good Solutions - NextBillion|url=https://nextbillion.net/news/press-release-hewlett-foundation-becomes-x4impact-founding-partner-to-advance-technology-for-the-public-interest-with-focus-on-entrepreneurs-creating-tech-for-good-solutions/|accessdate=2021-11-16|work=nextbillion.net|language=en-US}}</ref> na Ịnye Tech Labs, kere ngwá ọrụ ntanetị n'efu dị [https://x4i.org/clean-water-sanitation-in-the-us-report ọcha na mmiri dị ọcha na US] . Ngwá ọrụ dị n'ịntanetị a na-enyere ndị ọrụ aka ịhụ ihe ngosi mmiri na ịdị ọcha metụtara mba na steeti yana ozi dị mkpa maka ụlọ ọrụ karịrị puku atọ na-akwụ ụtụ isi na US na-arụ ọrụ n'okwu metụtara UN SDG 6. A na-emelite data abaghị uru na ngwaọrụ ahụ kwa ụbọchị 15 ka a na-emelite ihe ngosi kwa afọ. == Ntụaka == 1. Mycoo, M. A. (2018, February). Inweta SDG 6: nkwado nke ihe onwunwe mmiri na Caribbean Small Island Developing States site na nchịkwa mmiri ka mma. Na Natural Resources Forum (Mpịakọta 42, Nke 1, peeji nke 54-68). Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishing Ltd. Delany-Crowe, T., Marinova, D., Fisher, M., McGreevy, M., & Baum, F. (2019). Iwu Australia banyere njikwa mmiri na mgbanwe ihu igwe: ha na-akwado ebumnuche mmepe na-adịgide adịgide na imeziwanye ahụike na ọdịmma?. Ịmekọrịta ụwa na ahụike, 15 (1), 1-15. [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Ohere na ihe ịma aka maka nkwado nke ọdọ mmiri na ọdọ mmiri n'ihe gbasara ebumnuche mmepe na-adịgide adịgide (SDGs). Mmiri, 11 (7), 1462. [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Mmepụta mmanụ na mmetụta ya na nchekwa nri na mba ndị na-enweta ego dị ala na nke dị n'etiti: Mmetụta maka ebumnuche mmepe na-adịgide adịgide na-esote 2015. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 78, 503-516. [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Mmiri na ahụike seminarị na mbipụta pụrụ iche na-eme ka echiche ndị ga-agbanwe mpaghara ahụ pụta ìhè. Akwụkwọ akụkọ mba ụwa nke ịdị ọcha na ahụike gburugburu ebe obibi, 226, 113529. Ntuziaka Nlekọta Jikọtara maka Mmepe Na-adịgide Adịgide Ihe Ebumnuche 6 na Mmiri na Medo Mmiri - Ebumnucha na ihe ngosi ụwa [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Global Water Funding: Innovation na arụmọrụ dị ka ndị na-enyere aka maka nchekwa, nchekwa na ọnụ ala. Springer International Publishing. Ọganihu na imekọ ihe ọnụ mmiri mba ụwa (SDG target 6.A). Ihe na-egosi SDG 6 Data. (n.d.Ọpụpụ ọzọ == Njikọ mpụga == {{offline|med}} *   * [https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/sdg6 Platform Ihe Ọmụma Ọganihu Na-adịgide Adịgide] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20240627013759/https://www.watersecurityhub.org/ Ebe Nchebe Mmiri na Mmepe Na-adịgide Adịgide] * [https://sdgs.un.org/goals/goal6 UN Sustainable Development Knowledge Platform SDG 6] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20220215110959/https://www.globalgoals.org/6-clean-water-and-sanitation Mgbasa ozi zuru ụwa ọnụ - SDG 6] * [https://sdg-tracker.org/water-and-sanitation SDG-Track.org - SDG 6] * [https://x4i.org/clean-water-sanitation-in-the-us-report UN SDG 6 na US] soueu8x0pltjd7047kp1tm5wx66txg9 0 28527 644065 195597 2026-05-30T15:07:59Z Neme244 16387 added DEFAULTSORT 644065 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=Emma Laird|image=Emma Laird in Vivienne Westwood.jpg|alt=|caption=Laird modeling for [[Vivienne Westwood]] in 2021|birth_name=|birth_date=<!--Please review the discussion about birthday before adding date-->|birth_place=|nationality=|occupation=Actress|years_active=2018–present|agent=[[Agency for the Performing Arts|APA]]<ref>{{Cite web|last=Kit|first=Borys|date=2021-04-29|title=Rising Actress Emma Laird Signs With APA (Exclusive)|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-news/apa-signs-emma-laird-4176081/|url-status=live|access-date=2021-12-12|website=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]|language=en-US}}</ref>}} [[Category:Articles with hCards]] '''Emma Laird''' bụ onye na-eme ihe nkiri na onye bụbu ihe nlereanya. A maara ya maka ọrụ ya bụ Iris na usoro Paramount+ Mayor of Kingstown (2021-). A kpọrọ ya Brit to Watch nke 2021 site na Variety.<ref name="Andreeva">{{Cite web|author=Andreeva|first=Nellie|title=''Mayor of Kingstown'': Emma Laird Joins Taylor Sheridan's Series For Paramount+|url=https://deadline.com/2021/04/mayor-of-kingstown-emma-laird-cast-taylor-sheridan-series-paramount-plus-1234735348|work=[[Deadline Hollywood]]|accessdate=October 13, 2021|date=April 16, 2021}}</ref> == Oge ọ malitere == Laird si Chesterfield.<ref name="Model of the month: Emma Laird">{{Cite web|title=Emma Laird - Actress|url=https://www.lux-mag.com/model-of-the-month-emma-laird/|work=LUX|first=Charlie|author=Newman|date=9 August 2018|accessdate=9 May 2023|language=en-US}}</ref> Ọ gara ụlọ akwụkwọ Tupton Hall, gụsịrị akwụkwọ A Levels na 2014.<ref>{{Cite journal|url=https://www.derbyshiretimes.co.uk/news/derbyshire-students-enjoy-a-level-success-school-updates-2272920|title=Derbyshire students enjoy A level success|journal=Derbyshire Times|date=14 August 2014|accessdate=20 May 2023}}</ref> == Ọrụ == N'ịbụ onye Models 1 nyochara na Leeds Festival mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na asatọ, Laird bụ ihe nlereanya ruo afọ asaa.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.fashionmodeldirectory.com/news/models/model-of-the-week-emma-laird.htm|title=Model of the Week: Emma Laird|work=Fashion Models Directory|first=Clinton|author=Gonsalvez|date=15 February 2019|accessdate=19 May 2023}}</ref><ref name="Model of the month: Emma Laird"/><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.themediaeye.com/news/47adb068-f6af-4a5e-92ac-a8d500c631b9|title=Rising Stars: Emma Laird|work=The Media Eye|date=5 October 2018|accessdate=19 May 2023|archivedate=20 May 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230520033721/https://www.themediaeye.com/news/47adb068-f6af-4a5e-92ac-a8d500c631b9}}</ref> N'afọ 2019, ọ ghọrọ ihu Pandora maka mkpọsa oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://plantbasednews.org/lifestyle/plant-based-model-pandora/|title=EXCLUSIVE: Vegan Model Emma Laird Becomes The New Face Of Pandora|work=Plant Based News|first=Liam|author=Giliver|date=28 August 2019|accessdate=20 May 2023|archivedate=20 May 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230520044255/https://plantbasednews.org/lifestyle/plant-based-model-pandora/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.themediaeye.com/news/?nf=1d36703a-1f44-4c82-b265-aab800b680b6|title=Pandora enlists Emma Laird|work=The Media Eye|date=9 March 2019|accessdate=20 May 2023|archivedate=20 May 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230520044258/https://www.themediaeye.com/news/?nf=1d36703a-1f44-4c82-b265-aab800b680b6}}</ref> Laird ekwuola okwu n'ụzọ nkatọ banyere ụlọ ọrụ ihe ngosi, na-akpọ ya "ihe dị ize ndụ nye ụmụ agbọghọ" dịka a gwara ya ugboro ugboro ka ọ belata ibu. Na mgbakwunye, enweghị nnwere onwe okike "na-agwụ ya ike".<ref>{{Cite journal|url=https://www.numeromag.nl/conversation-emma-laird/|title=In Conversation with Emma Laird|journal=Numéro|date=11 January 2022|accessdate=19 May 2023}}</ref> N'ịbụ onye ike gwụrụ, ọ debanyere aha na klas ime ihe nkiri na New York Film Academy.<ref>{{Cite journal|url=https://schonmagazine.com/interview-emma-laird/|title=interview – emma laird|journal=Schön! Magazine|first=Lucy|author=Vipond|date=22 January 2022|accessdate=19 May 2023}}</ref> N'ọnwa Eprel 2021, a họpụtara Laird na ọrụ telivishọn mbụ ya na Paramount+ crime thriller Mayor of Kingstown dị ka Iris, "''onye'' na-agba egwú nke na-eji amara ya maka abamuru ya, ruo mgbe ejiri amara ndị ahụ megide ya". Usoro a malitere na ngwụcha afọ ahụ.<ref name="Andreeva"/> The Hollywood Reporter kọwara njikwa Laird na-enye n'otu oge dị ka "na-agafe na mita mkpọtụ obodo ahụ".<ref name="Borys">{{Cite web|author=Kit|first=Borys|title=Rising Actress Emma Laird Signs With APA (Exclusive)|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-news/apa-signs-emma-laird-4176081|work=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]|accessdate=13 October 2021|date=29 April 2021}}</ref> N'ọnwa Ọktoba 2021, Variety gụnyere Laird na ndepụta ha kwa afọ nke 10 Brits to Watch.<ref name="Jenelle">{{Cite web|author=Riley|first=Jenelle|title=''Variety'' Announces 10 Brits to Watch for 2021|url=https://variety.com/2021/film/features/10-brits-to-watch-fabien-frankel-sope-dirisu-celeste-1235083453|work=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]|accessdate=13 October 2021|date=7 October 2021}}</ref> N'afọ 2023, Laird ga-apụta na usoro Apple TV+ The Crowded Room ma mee ''ihe'' nkiri mbụ ya na Kenneth Branagh's A Haunting in Venice .<ref>{{Cite web|author=Petski|first=Denise|title=''The Crowded Room'': Sasha Lane, Christopher Abbott, Emma Laird Round Out Cast Of Apple TV+ Anthology Series|url=https://deadline.com/2022/02/the-crowded-room-sasha-lane-christopher-abbott-emma-laird-cast-apple-tv-anthology-series-1234958147/|work=[[Deadline Hollywood]]|accessdate=22 February 2022|date=22 February 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=Kit|first=Borys|title=Jamie Dornan, Tina Fey, Michelle Yeoh, Jude Hill Join Kenneth Branagh in Agatha Christie Mystery ''A Haunting in Venice''|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-news/a-haunting-in-venice-cast-revealed-kenneth-branagh-1235238310/|work=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]|accessdate=10 October 2022|date=10 October 2022|archivedate=10 October 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20221010210529/https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-news/a-haunting-in-venice-cast-revealed-kenneth-branagh-1235238310/}}</ref> O nwekwara ọrụ na-abịanụ na ihe nkiri The Brutalist . == Ihe nkiri == === Ihe nkiri === {| class="wikitable sortable" !Afọ !Aha ya !Ọrụ ! class="unsortable" |Ihe edeturu |- |2018 |''Site na Ndụ'' |TBD |Ihe nkiri dị mkpirikpi<ref name="Andreeva"/> |- |2019 |''N'ikwu okwu na Chi nwanyị'' |TBD |Ihe nkiri dị mkpirikpi<ref name="Andreeva" /> |- |2023 |''Ihe Na-enye Ahụhụ na Venice'' |Desdemona Holland |Mgbe emechara ya |- |TBA |''Onye Obi Ọjọọ'' | |Ihe nkiri |} === Telivishọn === {| class="wikitable sortable" !Afọ !Aha ya !Ọrụ ! class="unsortable" |Ihe edeturu |- |- |2021-dị ugbu a |''Onye isi obodo Kingstown'' |Iris |Ọrụ bụ isi<ref name="Andreeva"/> |- |2023 |''Ụlọ Ndị Mmadụ Na-ekpo'' |Annabelle |Ọrụ bụ isi |} == Ihe odide == <references group="" responsive="1"></references> == Njikọ mpụga == * {{IMDb name|10058940}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Laird, Emma}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] j5orxu9n0qv0c7fboghbps986y3zms9 0 28558 644103 514690 2026-05-30T15:57:06Z Neme244 16387 added DEFAULTSORT 644103 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Emmanuel Akwasi Gyamfi''' bụ onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Ghana na onye otu nke asaa nke Republic nke anọ nke Ghana na-anọchite anya Odotobri Constituency na Ashanti Region na tiketi nke New Patriotic Party .<ref name=":11">{{Cite web|title=Parliament of Ghana|url=https://www.parliament.gh/mps?mp=134|accessdate=2022-09-01|work=www.parliament.gh|archivedate=2023-05-11|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230511181321/https://www.parliament.gh/mps?mp=134}}</ref> == Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ == A mụrụ Gyamfi na 1 Disemba 1974.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=Parliament of Ghana|url=https://www.parliament.gh/mps?mp=196|accessdate=2020-07-07|work=www.parliament.gh|archivedate=2023-02-03|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230203073118/https://www.parliament.gh/mps?mp=196}}</ref> Ọ si Homase No. 2 na mpaghara Ashanti nke Ghana.<ref name=":8">{{Cite web|title=Parliament of Ghana|url=https://www.parliament.gh/mps?mp=196|accessdate=2023-08-06|archivedate=2023-02-03|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230203073118/https://www.parliament.gh/mps?mp=196}}</ref> O nwere nzere bachelọ nke sayensị na atụmatụ site na Mahadum Sayensị na Teknụzụ Kwame Nkrumah, Kumasi.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":8" /><ref name=":0">{{Cite web|date=2016-05-06|title=Ghana MPs - MP Details - Gyamfi, Emmanuel Akwasi|url=http://ghanamps.gov.gh/mps/details.php?id=269|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160506210429/http://ghanamps.gov.gh/mps/details.php?id=269|archivedate=2016-05-06|accessdate=2020-07-07}}</ref> O nwetara akara ugo mmụta n'afọ 2000.<ref name=":10">{{Cite web|date=2016-05-06|title=Ghana MPs - MP Details - Gyamfi, Emmanuel Akwasi|url=http://ghanamps.gov.gh/mps/details.php?id=269|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160506210429/http://ghanamps.gov.gh/mps/details.php?id=269|archivedate=2016-05-06|accessdate=2020-08-04}}</ref> Ọ bụkwa ngwaahịa nke Ghana Institute of Management and Public Administration.<ref name=":10" /> O nwetara nzere masta n'ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ.<ref name=":10" /> Nke a bụ n'afọ 2008.<ref name=":10" /> == Ọrụ == Tupu a họpụta ya na ndị omeiwu, ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye njikwa ọrụ na Odotobri Rural Bank Limited.<ref name=":11"/><ref name=":0"/> Ọ rụkwara ọrụ dị ka onye nchịkwa na onye nduzi maka otu nzukọ na-abụghị nke gọọmentị site na 2001 ruo 2002.<ref name=":1"/> == Ọrụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị == Gyamfi banyere n'ụlọ omebe iwu dị ka onye omebe iwu a họpụtara maka Odotobri Constituency na ụlọ omebe iwu nke anọ nke mba Ghana. Ọ nọgidere n'oche ya na nzuko omeiwu nke ise nke mba Ghana nke anọ site na Jenụwarị 7, 2008 ruo Jenụwarụwarị 6, 2013. A họpụtara ya na vootu 22,914 n'ime vootu 27,700 ziri ezi nke ruru 82.7% nke ngụkọta vootu ziri ezi nke New Patriotic Party na ntuli aka Ghana nke afọ 2008.<ref name=":0"/><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://library.fes.de/pdf-files/bueros/ghana/10489.pdf|title=Ghana Elections 2008|publisher=Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung|year=2010|location=Ghana|pages=65}}</ref> A họpụtara ya ọzọ n'ime ndị omeiwu na 7 Jenụwarị 2013 mgbe emechara ntuli aka Ghana nke afọ 2012. A họpụtara ya ọzọ na 7 Jenụwarị 2017 mgbe ntuli aka Ghana nke afọ 2016 gasịrị ebe ọ nwetara 66.13% nke votu ziri ezi. Ọ bụ onye otu Mines and Energy Committee na Children and Gender Committee nke 7th Parliament nke 4th Republic of Ghana.<ref name=":8"/> === Kọmitii === Gyamfi bụ onye isi oche nke Kọmitii Gọọmentị Obodo na Kọmitii Mmepe Ime Obodo, onye otu Kọmitii Nkwado Gọọmentụ yana onye otu Kọمitii Ahụike.<ref name=":11"/> == Nhọrọ == A họpụtara Gyamfi dị ka onye omeiwu maka mpaghara Odotobri nke Ashanti Region nke Ghana na nke mbụ ya na ntuli aka [[Ghana]] nke afọ 2004.<ref name=":9">{{Cite web|author=FM|first=Peace|title=Ghana Election 2004 Results - Odotobri Constituency|url=https://ghanaelections.peacefmonline.com/pages/2004/ashanti/33/|accessdate=2020-08-04|work=Ghana Elections - Peace FM|archivedate=2023-05-02|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230502022741/https://ghanaelections.peacefmonline.com/pages/2004/ashanti/33/}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite web|author=FM|first=Peace|title=Ghana Election 2004 Results - Odotobri Constituency|url=https://ghanaelections.peacefmonline.com/pages/2004/ashanti/33/|accessdate=2020-08-03|work=Ghana Elections - Peace FM|archivedate=2023-05-02|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230502022741/https://ghanaelections.peacefmonline.com/pages/2004/ashanti/33/}}</ref><ref name=":3">{{Cite book|title=Elections 2004; Ghana's Parliamentary and Presidential Elections|publisher=Electoral Commission of Ghana; Friedrich Ebert Stiftung|year=2005|location=Accra|pages=127}}</ref> Ọ meriri na tiketi nke New Patriotic Party.<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":3" /> Mpaghara ya bụ akụkụ nke oche ndị omeiwu 36 n'ime oche 39 nke New Patriotic Party meriri na ntuli aka ahụ maka Ashanti Region.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2016-08-10|title=Statistics of Presidential and Parliamentary Election Results|url=https://www.fact-checkghana.com/statistics-presidential-parliamentary-election-results/|accessdate=2020-08-03|work=Fact Check Ghana|language=en-US}}</ref> New Patriotic Party meriri ngụkọta nke oche 128 n'ime oche 230.<ref>{{Cite web|author=FM|first=Peace|title=Ghana Election 2004 Results - President|url=http://ghanaelections.peacefmonline.com/pages/2004/president/index.php|accessdate=2020-08-03|work=Ghana Elections - Peace FM|archivedate=2023-11-06|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20231106102817/https://ghanaelections.peacefmonline.com/pages/2004/president/index.php}}</ref> A họpụtara ya na vootu 23,804 n'ime vootu 28,967 zuru oke.<ref name=":9" /><ref name=":3" /> Nke a bụ 82.2% nke ngụkọta vootu ziri ezi.<ref name=":9" /><ref name=":3" /> A họpụtara ya karịa George Adu-Mensah nke National Democratic Congress, Thomas Appiah-Kubi nke Convention People's Party na Johnny Owusu-Boadi onye nweere onwe ya.<ref name=":9" /><ref name=":3" /> Ndị a nwetara 3,740, 423 na 1,000 vootu n'otu n'ime ngụkọta vootu ziri ezi.<ref name=":9" /><ref name=":3" /> Ihe ndị a bụ 12.9%, 1.5% na 3.5% n'otu n'otu nke ngụkọta vootu ziri ezi.<ref name=":9" /><ref name=":3" /> === Ntuli aka 2008 === N'afọ 2008, ọ meriri ntuli aka n'ozuzu na tiketi nke New Patriotic Party maka otu mpaghara ahụ.<ref name=":4">{{Cite book|title=Ghana Elections 2008|publisher=Friedrich Ebert Stiftung|year=2010|location=Ghana|pages=65}}</ref><ref name=":5">{{Cite web|author=FM|first=Peace|title=Ghana Election 2008 Results - Odotobri Constituency|url=https://ghanaelections.peacefmonline.com/pages/2008/ashanti/33/|accessdate=2020-08-03|work=Ghana Elections - Peace FM|archivedate=2023-10-02|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002063241/https://ghanaelections.peacefmonline.com/pages/2008/ashanti/33/}}</ref> Mpaghara ya so n'oche ndị omeiwu 34 n'ime oche 39 nke New Patriotic Party meriri na ntuli aka ahụ maka Ashanti Region.<ref>{{Cite web|author=FM|first=Peace|title=Ghana Election 2008 Results - Ashanti Region|url=http://ghanaelections.peacefmonline.com/pages/2008/ashanti/index.php|accessdate=2020-08-03|work=Ghana Elections - Peace FM|archivedate=2023-08-07|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230807211816/https://ghanaelections.peacefmonline.com/pages/2008/ashanti/index.php}}</ref> New Patriotic Party meriri ọnụ ọgụgụ dị nta nke oche 109 n'ime oche 230.<ref>{{Cite web|author=FM|first=Peace|title=Ghana Election 2008|url=http://ghanaelections.peacefmonline.com/pages/2008/index.php|accessdate=2020-08-03|work=Ghana Elections - Peace FM|archivedate=2023-05-30|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230530120836/https://ghanaelections.peacefmonline.com/pages/2008/index.php}}</ref> A họpụtara ya na vootu 22,914 n'ime vootu 27,700 zuru oke.<ref name=":5" /><ref name=":4" /> Nke a bụ 82.72% nke ngụkọta vootu ziri ezi.<ref name=":4" /><ref name=":5" /> A họpụtara ya karịa Isaac Mensah nke People's National Convention, Kingsley Anning nke National Democratic Congress na Owusu Blessing nke Convention People's Party.<ref name=":4" /><ref name=":5" /> Ndị a nwetara vootu 230, 3,146 na 1,410 n'otu n'otu site na ngụkọta vootu ziri ezi.<ref name=":4" /><ref name=":5" /> Ihe ndị a bụ 0.83%, 11.36% na 5.09% n'otu n'otu nke ngụkọta vootu.<ref name=":4" /><ref name=":5" /> === Ntuli aka n'afọ 2012 === N'afọ 2012, ọ meriri ntuli aka ọzọ maka otu mpaghara ahụ.<ref name=":6">{{Cite web|author=FM|first=Peace|title=Ghana Election 2012 Results - Odotobri Constituency|url=https://ghanaelections.peacefmonline.com/pages/2012/ashanti/33/|accessdate=2020-08-03|work=Ghana Elections - Peace FM|archivedate=2017-03-31|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170331164937/http://ghanaelections.peacefmonline.com/pages/2012/ashanti/33/}}</ref><ref name=":7">{{Cite book|title=Elections 2012|publisher=Friedrich Ebert Stiftung|year=2012|location=Ghana|pages=129}}</ref> A họpụtara ya na vootu 27,526 n'ime vootu 35,221 zuru oke.<ref name=":6" /><ref name=":7" /> Nke a bụ ihe ruru 78.15% nke ngụkọta vootu ziri ezi.<ref name=":6" /><ref name=":7" /> A họpụtara ya karịa Robert Bennett Forkuoh nke National Democratic Congress na Kojo Ego Ayeboafo onye nwere onwe ya.<ref name=":6" /><ref name=":7" /> Ndị a nwetara 6,226 na 1,469 vootu n'otu n'ime ngụkọta vootu ziri ezi.<ref name=":6" /><ref name=":7" /> Ihe ndị a bụ 17.68% na 4.17% n'otu n'otu nke ngụkọta vootu.<ref name=":6" /><ref name=":7" /> === Ntuli aka nke afọ 2016 === N'afọ 2016, ọ meriri ntuli aka ọzọ maka otu mpaghara ahụ. A họpụtara ya na vootu 23,255. Nke a bụ 53.87% nke ngụkọta vootu ziri ezi. A họpụtara ya karịa Dede Appiah Emmanuel nke National Democratic Congress, Anthony Danso-Appiah onye nwere onwe ya, Abraham Anokye bụkwa onye nwere onwe, Owusu Francis nke PPP na Minkah Prince nke CPP. Ndị a nwetara 12,098; 4,005; 3,133; 451 na 223 vootu n'otu n'ime ngụkọta vootu ziri ezi. Ndị a bụ 28.03%, 9.28%, 7.26%, 1.04% na 0.52% n'otu n'otu nke ngụkọta vootu.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Ashanti Region - 2016 Results|url=https://www.modernghana.com/ghanahome/ghanavotes/2016/result_parliamentary_all_constituency.asp?region_id=1|accessdate=2022-09-01|work=www.modernghana.com}}</ref> === Ntuli aka 2020 === N'afọ 2020, ọ meriri ntuli aka ọzọ maka otu mpaghara ahụ. A họpụtara ya na vootu 28,021. Nke a bụ 57.38% nke ngụkọta vootu ziri ezi. A họpụtara ya karịa Emmanuel Obeng Agyemang nke National Democratic Congress na Paul Agyeman-Bannor nke GUM. Ndị a nwetara 10,456 na 10,358 vootu n'otu n'ime ngụkọta vootu ziri ezi. Ihe ndị a bụ 21.41% na 21.21% n'otu n'otu nke ngụkọta vootu.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Ashanti Region - 2020 Results|url=https://www.modernghana.com/ghanahome/ghanavotes/2020/result_parliamentary_all_constituency.asp?region_id=11|accessdate=2022-09-01|work=www.modernghana.com}}</ref> == Ndụ onwe onye == Gyamfi lụrụ di ma nwee ụmụ atọ.<ref name=":0"/> Ọ bụ Onye Kraịst na onye Katọlik.<ref name=":0" /> == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Gyamfi, Emmanuel Akwasi}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 459k3mv04xlyq6cyk5w8vpfg5tdbu4b 0 28570 644258 187340 2026-05-30T19:51:19Z Wikipedian12512(alt) 61413 ce 644258 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}[[Usòrò:MATSUHASHI Shuhei 210404a.jpg|thumb|MATSUHASHI Shuhei 210404a.jpg]] Shuhei Matsuhashi (松橋周平, Matsuhashi Shuhei, born 24 November 1993) is a [[Ndị Japan|Japanese]] [[Egwuregwu ule (rugby union)|international]] [[Njikọ Rugby|rugby union]] player who plays as a [[Nọmba Asatọ (òtù rugby)|loose forward]].<ref name="Shuhei Matsuhashi ESPN Scrum Player Profile">{{Cite web|url=http://en.espn.co.uk/scrum/rugby/player/294120.html|title=Shuhei Matsuhashi ESPN Scrum Player Profile|publisher=ESPN|accessdate=8 November 2016|archivedate=9 November 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161109021333/http://en.espn.co.uk/scrum/rugby/player/294120.html}}</ref> He currently plays for the Sunwolves in [[Super Rugby]] and the [[Ricoh Black Rams]] in Japan's domestic [[Njikọ Kasị Elu|Top League]].<ref name="Shuhei Matsuhashi Top League Player Profile">{{Cite web|url=http://www.top-league.jp/player/profile/219782/|title=Shuhei Matsuhashi Top League Player Profile|publisher=Top League|language=Japanese|accessdate=8 November 2016}}</ref><ref name="Shuhei Matsuhashi Ricoh Black Rams Player Profile">{{Cite web|url=http://www.ricoh.com/ja/rugby/members/no8/matsuhashi.html|title=Shuhei Matsuhashi Ricoh Black Rams Player Profile|publisher=Ricoh|language=Japanese|accessdate=8 November 2016}}</ref> == Ọrụ klọb == Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na mahadum, Matsuhashi bịanyere aka na Ricoh Black Rams wee malite maka ha na mbido oge Top League nke 2016-17.<ref name="Shuhei Matsuhashi itsrugby Player Statistics">{{Cite web|url=http://www.itsrugby.co.uk/player_38443.html|title=Shuhei Matsuhashi itsrugby Player Statistics|publisher=itsrugby|accessdate=8 November 2016}}</ref> == Mba Nile == Mgbe ọ nwara ugboro asatọ n'egwuregwu 9 mbụ ya na Top League, Matsuhashi natara oku mbụ ya na ndị isi otu Japan n'ihu asọmpi rugby union nke afọ 2016. Ọ malitere dị ka onye nọchiri anya onye isi nchịkwa ọhụrụ, egwuregwu mbụ Jamie Joseph, mmeri 54-20 n'ụlọ na Argentina.<ref name="Shuhei Matsuhashi ESPN Scrum Player Profile"/> == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}}{{Ricoh Black Rams squad}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] ba7fqd9r95bwngtqvmvhcfsavwgj3lr 0 28627 644244 193469 2026-05-30T19:47:01Z Wikipedian12512(alt) 61413 ce 644244 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Mutti - Industria Conserve Alimentari''' bụ ụlọ ọrụ [[Italy|Ịtali]] nke na-ahụ maka nri echekwara, ọkachasị na ngalaba tomato, nke e guzobere na 1899 na Piazza di Basilicanova, mpaghara dị na Montechiarugolo, na mpaghara Parma.<ref name="CorriereDellaSera">{{Cite web|url=https://www.corriere.it/economia/aziende/italia-genera-futuro-2020/notizie/francesco-mutti-03fa2e9c-9051-11ea-b981-878bbbd902eb.shtml|title=Francesco Mutti - amministratore delegato di Mutti|language=it|accessdate=1 October 2020}}</ref><ref name="Pirotti"/> == Akụkọ ihe mere eme == [[Usòrò:Mutti_Salsa_di_pomodoro_venduta_in_Groenlandia_ad_Ilulissat.jpg|thumb|"Mutti" rere n'obodo Ilulissat na Greenland ]] Ọ bụ Callisto na Marcellino Mutti (1862-1941) guzobere ụlọ ọrụ ahụ n'okpuru aha Fratelli Mutti na Piazza di Basilicanova, dị ka azụmahịa nchekwa tomato.<ref name="Treccani">{{Cite web|url=http://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/ugo-mutti_(Dizionario-Biografico)/|title=Biography - Ugo Mutti|language=it|accessdate=1 October 2020}}</ref><ref name="Pirotti"/> N'afọ 1911, edebanyere aha "ọdụm abụọ" ma ụlọ ọrụ ahụ nwetara ihe nrite mbụ ya na asambodo ọla edo nke mbụ na International Industry and Agriculture Exhibition na Rome.<ref name="GdP">{{Cite web|url=https://www.gazzettadiparma.it/archivio/2017/06/01/news/francesco_mutti_cavaliere_del_lavoro-90203/|title=Francesco Mutti Cavaliere del Lavoro|language=it|accessdate=1 October 2020}}</ref> N'afọ 1914, Mutti nwetara asambodo Grand Cross ma debanye aha ya na Gran Libro d'Oro dei Benemeriti del lavoro.<ref name="Pirotti">{{Cite book|author=Pirotti|first=Guia Beatrice|date=2018|title=Il cibo di domani: la crescita del contenuto di servizio nel food & beverage|language=it|location=Milan|publisher=EGEA spa|isbn=978-8823816602}}</ref> N'oge a, ụlọ ọrụ akụkọ ihe mere eme dị na Piazza jikọtara ya na okporo ụzọ Parma-Traversetolo / Montecchio. Ka usoro nchekwa na-agbanwe, na 1922 Mutti malitere imepụta paste abụọ na azụmaahịa ahụ gara n'ihu na-etolite na 1927 na ọtụtụ nnweta nke ụlọ ọrụ nchekwa ndị ọzọ.<ref name="Pirotti"/> N'afọ 1951, Ugo Mutti (nwa Marcelino) mepụtara tube maka tomato paste.<ref name="Treccani"/> Ngwaahịa dị na tube a anaghị emebi emebi n'ihi na ọ naghị abanye na ikuku, na-enye ndị ọrụ ohere iri naanị ihe ha chọrọ. Ọzọkwa, ndị nwunye nwekwara ike iji okpu dị ka ihe eji akwa ákwà. A malitere ya dị ka: "thimble tube".<ref name="Espresso">{{Cite web|url=https://espresso.repubblica.it/food/multimedia/60-anni-nel-tubetto/31353309.html|title=60 anni nel tubetto|language=it|accessdate=1 October 2020|archivedate=13 August 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230813030116/https://espresso.repubblica.it/food/multimedia/60-anni-nel-tubetto/31353309.html}}</ref> N'afọ 1971, e mepụtara ezigbo anụ Mutti, usoro nri nke na-anọgide na nzuzo ruo taa.<ref name="RepubblicaParma">{{Cite web|url=https://parma.repubblica.it/cronaca/2014/06/20/news/mutti_sbarca_a_salerno_investimento_da_3_5_milioni-89539746/|title=Mutti sbarca a Salerno Investimento da 3,5 milioni|language=it|accessdate=1 October 2020}}</ref> Ụlọ ọrụ a nke a tọrọ ntọala dị ka azụmahịa ezinulọ, ghọrọ ụlọ ọrụ n'oge na-adịghị anya, mgbe ahụ ọ bụ mmekọrịta dị mkpirikpi ma mesịa bụrụ ụlọ ọrụ jikọtara ọnụ na 1979. N'afọ 1994, a họpụtara Francesco Mutti dịka onye isi oche.<ref name="YT">{{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JYNv7IB8sFQ&ab_channel=EYItaly|title=Francesco Mutti, Mutti S.p.A., vincitore EY L'Imprenditore dell'Anno 2015 Categoria Food & Beverage|work=[[YouTube]]|accessdate=1 October 2020}}</ref><ref name="RepubblicaParma"/> N'afọ 1999, ụlọ ọrụ Mutti ghọrọ nke mbụ nwere ngwaahịa ya niile nwere asambodo na njikwa nje na ndị na-abụghị GMO.<ref name="RepubblicaParma"/><ref name="ParmaToday">{{Cite web|url=http://www.parmatoday.it/cronaca/francesco-mutti-cavaliere-lavoro.html|title=Francesco Mutti è stato nominato Cavaliere del Lavoro|language=it|accessdate=1 October 2020}}</ref> Otu afọ mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, e mepụtara ihe nrite "Pomodorino d"Oro", nke Mutti ji kwụọ ndị na-emepụta ya ụgwọ: nkwanye ùgwù maka ndị ọrụ ugbo nwere ike ịmepụta tomato dị elu.<ref name="Pirotti"/><ref name="IRDC">{{Cite web|url=https://www.ilrestodelcarlino.it/modena/cronaca/pomodorino-d-oro-mutti-il-premio-1.4886973|title=Pomodorino d'oro Mutti, il premio|language=it|accessdate=1 October 2020}}</ref> N'afọ 2004, e mepụtara tomato vinegar na nke mbụ ya, na-esochi ofe dị njikere n'afọ 2007.<ref name="Pirotti"/><ref name="Parma">{{Cite web|url=https://www.comune.parma.it/santilario/mutti-spa/|title=Mutti|language=it|accessdate=1 October 2020}}</ref><ref name="IFA">{{Cite web|url=https://ilfattoalimentare.it/cirio-mutti-sughi-pronti.html|title=Cirio e Mutti: le novità nei sughi pronti a confronto|language=it|accessdate=1 October 2020}}</ref> N'afọ 2010, ụlọ ọrụ ahụ malitere imekọ ihe ọnụ na WWF iji mee nchọpụta ma tinye mmepụta na-adịgide adịgide, ọkachasị n'ibelata ikuku CO2 na akara mmiri n'ozuzu usoro nnyefe.<ref name="Pirotti"/><ref name="Ansa">{{Cite web|url=https://www.ansa.it/terraegusto/notizie/rubriche/orgagricole/2013/07/04/Mutti-insieme-Wwf-calcola-impronta-idrica-suo-pomodoro_8975702.html|title=Mutti insieme a WWF calcola'impronta idrica'del suo pomodoro|language=it|accessdate=1 October 2020}}</ref> Ọnụ na ngalaba ngalaba ọrụ ugbo nke Piacenza na ụlọ nyocha Lims na Verbania, na 2012 Mutti mepụtara usoro iji chọpụta ebe mmalite nke akụrụngwa, malite na nyocha nke ngwaahịa emechachara..<ref name="Pirotti"/><ref name="Repubblica">{{Cite web|url=https://parma.repubblica.it/cronaca/2015/09/29/news/mutti-123900777/|title=Pomodoro, uno studio targato Mutti per scovare le frodi alimentari|language=it|accessdate=1 October 2020}}</ref> E gosipụtara ọrụ ahụ n'ihu Senate nke Italian Republic n'isiokwu "Nutrition and transparency from the table to the Earth".<ref name="Scattidigusto">{{Cite web|url=http://www.scattidigusto.it/2013/01/17/mutti-scopre-il-metodo-per-stanare-il-concentrato-cinese-nei-barattoli-made-in-italy/|title=Mutti scopre come stanare il concentrato cinese nei pomodori|language=it|accessdate=1 October 2020}}</ref> N'afọ 2013, e meghere Mutti [[France]] iji zụlite ahịa French.<ref name="Pirotti"/> N'otu afọ ahụ, ụlọ ọrụ ahụ malitere imekọ ihe ọnụ na Fiordagosto, ụlọ ọrụ na-emepụta ihe na Oliveto Citra (Salerno), maka mmepụta nke ụdị Southern, nke ọ nwetara na 2016.<ref name="RepubblicaParma"/><ref name="IlSole24Ore">{{Cite web|url=https://st.ilsole24ore.com/art/impresa-e-territori/2014-04-17/mutti-e-tecnologia-cosi-conserve-pomodoro-fanno-crescere-dipendenti-e-fatturato-115014.shtml?uuid=ABCsstBB|title=Mutti e la tecnologia: così le conserve di pomodoro fanno crescere dipendenti e fatturato|language=it|accessdate=1 October 2020}}</ref> N'afọ 2014, na mmekorita ya na Horta, nke sitere na Università Cattolica nke Piacenza, e mepụtara pomodoro.net iji kwalite enyemaka, nkwado na imekọ ihe ọnụ na ndị ọrụ ugbo.<ref name="Parma"/> N'afọ 2015, ewepụtara " ''Salse Pronte'' " (nke a na-emezi sauces). <ref name="Pirotti"/> N'ọnwa Nọvemba 2017, ụlọ ọrụ ahụ nwetara Copador, ụlọ ọrụ na-arụ ọrụ na ngalaba nhazi tomato na Collecchio, na ire ere nke ụlọ ikpe Parma.<ref name="Parma"/><ref name="RepubblicaII">{{Cite web|url=https://parma.repubblica.it/cronaca/2017/11/30/news/pomodoro_mutti_completa_l_acquisizione_di_copador-182600084/|title=Mutti completa l'acquisizione di Copador|language=it|accessdate=1 October 2020}}</ref> == Caporalato == N'afọ 2017, nyocha kpughere na ọ dịkarịa ala otu n'ime ndị na-eweta ihe oriri nke Mutti na Nardò, Ịtali, na-ekwu na ọ na-eji ọrụ mmanye (nke a makwaara dị ka [[wiktionary:caporalato|caporalato]]) na-ewepụta tomato.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Pietro|first=Isabel Hunter and Lorenzo Di|date=2017-10-24|title=The terrible truth about your tin of Italian tomatoes|url=http://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2017/oct/24/the-terrible-truth-about-your-tin-of-italian-tomatoes|accessdate=2021-11-09|work=the Guardian|language=en}}</ref><ref name="CorriereI">{{Cite web|author=Borrillo|first=Michelangelo|date=2017-10-23|title=Così i pomodori degli "schiavi" finiscono sugli scaffali dei supermercati|url=http://www.corriere.it/cronache/17_ottobre_23/caporalato-pomodori-raccolti-finivano-grande-distribuzione-c6e67aec-b7b8-11e7-aa18-cabdc275da27.shtml|accessdate=2021-11-09|work=Corriere della Sera|language=it}}</ref> Onye isi ụlọ ọrụ ahụ, Francesco Mutti, zara ya site n'ikwu na ha na-arụ ọrụ n'ịkwado akpaaka nke tomato ha n'ụzọ zuru ezu, na ha na-akwụ karịa ọnụ ahịa tomato nke mba. Mutti kwukwara na okwu a bụ enweghị ndị uwe ojii etinye aka na ọnọdụ a.<ref name="CorriereI" /> == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] obc9jhlm7ra48su3d9oxuax74ai1nxm 0 28760 644052 192002 2026-05-30T14:30:47Z Mirah50 16972 Fixed reference errors 644052 wikitext text/x-wiki   {{Databox}}[[Usòrò:Tamsin Omond (centre) - 2009 (cropped).jpg|thumb|tamsin Omond (Centre) 2009 (cropped).jpg]] '''Tamsin Omond''' (amụrụ na 19 [[Novemba|Nọvemba]] 1984) bụ onye edemede [[Obodoézè Nà Ofú|Britain]], [[Mgbanwe gburugburu ebe obibi|onye na-ahụ maka gburugburu ebe obibi]] na onye nta akụkọ. Ha emeela mkpọsa maka gọọmentị [[United Kingdom]] ka ha mee ihe iji zere mgbanwe ihu igwe.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/fashion/2019/jul/26/extinction-rebellion-fashion-week-should-be-a-declaration-of-emergency|title=Extinction Rebellion: 'Fashion week should be a declaration of emergency'|author=Bramley|first=Ellie Violet|date=2019-07-26|work=The Guardian|accessdate=2019-09-24|language=en-GB}}</ref> == Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ == A mụrụ Tamsin Omond na 19 Nọvemba 1984. Ha gụrụ akwụkwọ na Westminster School na Trinity College, [[Cambridge House (nhazi)|Cambridge]].<ref name="Telegraph">The Telegraph 14 October 2008 [https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/3197706/Cambridge-graduate-banned-from-Palace-of-Westminster.html Cambridge graduate banned from Palace of Westminster]</ref> Ha gara n'ihu mezue nzere masta na gburugburu ebe obibi na ikpe ziri ezi na Mahadum Open. == Mgbalị ihu igwe == N'afọ 2009, e bipụtara akwụkwọ Omond bụ ''Rush -'' The Making of a Climate Activist.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.theecologist.org/reviews/books/333284/rush_the_making_of_a_climate_activist.html|title=Rush! The Making of a Climate Activist|author=Unwin|first=Henry|date=6 October 2009|publisher=Ecologist|accessdate=3 February 2010}}</ref> N'afọ 2009, e debere Omond na Sunday Times's Top 30 Power Players Under-30.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Warrington|first=Ruby|date=8 November 2009|title=The top 30 power players under 30|work=The Times|url=http://women.timesonline.co.uk/tol/life_and_style/women/celebrity/article6900887.ece?token=null&offset=48&page=5}}</ref> E debekwara ha n'ọnọdụ nke 56 na Independent na Sunday's 2009 "Pink List", ndepụta nke 101 ndị ikom na ndị inyom na-enwe mmetụta na Britain.<ref>{{Cite news|date=28 June 2009|title=56 Tamsin Omond eco activist One of the protestors who last year scaled Parli|publisher=Independent.co.uk|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/news/the-iiosi-pink-list-2009-1721869.html?action=Popup&ino=56|accessdate=13 April 2010}}</ref> N'afọ 2010, ha guzobere otu ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị a na-akpọ The Commons nke mere atụmatụ itinye ndị na-eto eto na ịtụ vootu ma kwalite nkwado na mpaghara ahụ.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Eoghan|date=5 May 2010|title=Eoghan O'Neill: Living in a marginal (3): Hampstead & Kilburn – the final showdown|url=http://www.eoghan.org.uk/2010/05/living-in-marginal-3-hampstead-kilburn.html|publisher=Eoghan.org.uk|accessdate=19 July 2010}}</ref> Onye nta akụkọ Giles Coren toro ya.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Coren|first=Giles|date=3 April 2010|title=Vote for someone you can trust Yourself|work=The Times|url=http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/comment/columnists/giles_coren/article7086067.ece}}</ref> Ha nwetara 0.2% nke votu.<ref>{{Cite web|date=|title=Hampstead and Kilburn – Camden elections 2010|url=http://www3.camden.gov.uk/votes/?page_id=71|publisher=.camden.gov.uk|accessdate=19 July 2010|archivedate=21 June 2010|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100621102753/http://www3.camden.gov.uk/votes/?page_id=71}}</ref> Omond mere mkpọsa na mbụ dị ka onye otu ndị na-eme ihe ike Plane Stupid, ọ bụ ezie na otu ahụ kwuru na 2012 na Omond akwụsịla iso ha rụọ ọrụ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.standard.co.uk/news/climate-activists-get-frosty-with-the-glam-face-of-plane-stupid-6727389.html|title=Climate activists get frosty with the glam face of Plane Stupid|publisher=The Evening Standard|date=|accessdate=14 December 2009}}</ref> Ha bụ ndị guzobere otu ndị na-eme ihe ike Climate Rush.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/green-suffragette-is-freed-despite-breach-of-bail-conditions-961405.html|title=Jerome Taylor The Independent 15 October 2008 'Green suffragette' is freed despite breach of bail conditions|publisher=Independent.co.uk|date=15 October 2008|accessdate=13 April 2010}}</ref> Ha haziri ọtụtụ ngagharị iwe dị elu, gụnyere ịrị elu ụlọ nke House of Commons iji mee ngagharị iwe megide ụgbọelu, nke e jidere ha ma nye ha mgbapụta na ọnọdụ na ha abanyeghị na Nzukọ Ndị Omeiwu. N'ọnwa Ọktoba n'afọ 2008, ha mebiri ọnọdụ a site n'ịhazi "rush" mmadụ 500 na Nzukọ Ndị Omeiwu nke United Kingdom.<ref name="Telegraph">The Telegraph 14 October 2008 [https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/3197706/Cambridge-graduate-banned-from-Palace-of-Westminster.html Cambridge graduate banned from Palace of Westminster]</ref> Nke a mere ka e jide ha ọzọ ma yie egwu ịtụ ha mkpọrọ n'ihi mmebi nke mgbapụta ha. Kama nke ahụ, a gbapụtara ha na ịgbapụta ha site n'ịkwado ọnọdụ ịgbapụta ha iji machibido ha ịga n'ime otu kilomita site na Nzukọ Ndị Omeiwu.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/green-suffragette-is-freed-despite-breach-of-bail-conditions-961405.html|title='Green suffragette' is freed despite breach of bail conditions|work=The Independent|date=15 October 2008|accessdate=19 July 2010|first=Jerome|author=Taylor}}</ref> Omond hazikwara ngagharị iwe megide mmụba nke ọdụ ụgbọ elu London Heathrow.<ref>{{Cite news|title='People loved the idea of a posh girl falling on her face': Tamsin|language=en-GB|work=The Independent|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/environment/climate-change/people-loved-the-idea-of-a-posh-girl-falling-on-her-face-tamsin-omond-faces-her-critics-965457.html|accessdate=2018-09-03}}</ref> Omond ekwuola na ọ bụ ndị Suffragettes kpaliri ọrụ ha, bụ ndị mere mkpọsa site na iji ihe omume kpọmkwem maka ụmụ nwanyị na United Kingdom na mmalite narị afọ nke 20. E meela ihe nkiri onwe ya banyere njikọ Omond na usoro mkpọsa nke òtù ụmụ nwanyị. Omond yi uwe dị ka onye na-akwado ụmụ nwanyị maka ngagharị iwe megide ụgbọ ala na-elekwasị anya na Jeremy Clarkson.<ref name="tatler.com">{{Cite web|url=http://www.tatler.com/the-tatler-list/o/tamsin-omond|title=Tamsin Omond|accessdate=30 August 2012|archivedate=29 August 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120829223557/http://www.tatler.com/the-tatler-list/o/tamsin-omond}}</ref> Ha bụ ndị guzobere ma na-eme ngagharị iwe na mkpesa ihu igwe Extinction Rebellion.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|date=2021-08-12|title=Green party to offer 'young, intersectional feminist leadership'|url=http://www.theguardian.com/politics/2021/aug/12/green-party-to-offer-young-intersectional-feminist-leadership|accessdate=2021-08-13|work=the Guardian|language=en}}</ref> N'ọnọdụ ahụ, ha kwuru okwu na Port Eliot Festival na 2019 banyere mkpọsa otu ahụ maka ndị mmadụ ka ha ghara ịzụta uwe ọhụrụ ọ bụla ruo otu afọ.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-07-26|title=Extinction Rebellion: 'Fashion week should be a declaration of emergency'|url=http://www.theguardian.com/fashion/2019/jul/26/extinction-rebellion-fashion-week-should-be-a-declaration-of-emergency|accessdate=2021-08-13|work=the Guardian|language=en}}</ref> N'afọ 2021, e bipụtara akwụkwọ nke abụọ nke Omond Do Earth - Healing Strategies for Humankind.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Bayley|first=Sian|title=Do Books to publish climate change book by Omond {{!}} The Bookseller|url=https://www.thebookseller.com/news/do-books-publish-climate-change-book-omond-1275841|accessdate=26 October 2021|work=www.thebookseller.com|date=13 August 2021}}</ref> == Green Party == Omond mechara sonye na Green Party nke England na Wales.<ref name="Newham Green Party">{{Cite web|author=Carotomes|date=22 March 2015|title=Meet the candidates: Tamsin Omond|url=https://newhamgreenparty.com/2015/03/22/meet-the-candidates-tamsin-omond/|work=Green Party Newham}}</ref> Na ntuli aka nke afọ 2015, ha bụ ndị otu ndọrọndọrọ ọchịchị maka East Ham, ebe ha nwetara 2.5% nke votu, na-emecha nke anọ.<ref name="BBC East Ham Election Results">{{Cite news|title=East Ham parliamentary constituency - Election 2019|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/politics/constituencies/E14000679}}</ref> Omond gbara ọsọ dị ka onye na-azọ ọkwa na Amelia Womack ka ọ bụrụ onye ndú nke Green Party nke England na Wales na ntuli aka Green Party nke Inglaterra na Wales na 2021.<ref name=":0" /> A na-eche na nnọchite anya Omond bụ oge mbụ onye na-abụghị onye abụọ guzoro maka idu ndú nke otu mba.<ref name=":0" /> Omond na Womack kwuru na ebumnuche ha "bụ ime ka ndị na-eto eto tinye aka na pati ahụ" ma nye "ndị nduzi ụmụ nwanyị na-etolite".<ref name=":0" /> Nhọrọ ahụ bụ na ihe omume Carla Denyer na Adrian Ramsay meriri.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2021/oct/01/green-party-in-england-and-wales-unveils-new-leaders-carla-denyer-adrian-ramsay|title=Green party in England and Wales unveils new leadership duo|author=Walker|first=Peter|date=1 October 2021|work=The Guardian}}</ref> Na 1 Machị 2022, Omond kwupụtara na ha ahapụla Green Party nke England na Wales, na-akatọ usoro pati dị ka nzukọ "nke terfs (sic) na-eji dị ka ngwá ọrụ iji wepụ ma weda ndị trans ala". Na ngwụcha Jenụwarị 2022 ha tweeted banyere "atụmatụ etiti oge" ịkwaga Glasgow na onye mmekọ ha wee sonye na Scottish Greens. N'ụbọchị nke abụọ n'ọnwa Machị afọ 2022, ha tweeted onyinyo na-egosi na ha sonyeere ndị Scottish Greens, na-ekwu na ha nwere obi ụtọ maka "omume na-agụnye" nke otu ahụ nakwa na ha nwere ike ịnọ "n'aka nke otu na-ege ndị a na-eleghara anya ma na-etinye ha n'ọrụ" nakwa na ha na-eme atụmatụ ịkwaga Glasgow n'afọ na-esote (2023). == Ndụ onwe onye == Omond bụ trans na non-binary, ma jiri nnọchiaha ha / ha.<ref name=":0" /> Ha rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye isi mkpọsa zuru ụwa ọnụ na ụlọ ọrụ ihe ntecha Lush.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Jarvis|first=Chris|date=2021-08-12|title=Amelia Womack to stand for Green Party leadership with Tamsin Omond {{!}} Chris Jarvis|url=https://bright-green.org/2021/08/12/amelia-womack-to-stand-for-green-party-leadership-with-tamsin-omond/|accessdate=2021-08-13|work=Bright Green|language=en-GB}}</ref> == Akwụkwọ == * {{Cite book|title=Rush! : The Making of a Climate Activist|publisher=Marion Boyars|date=2012|isbn=978-0-7145-2240-1|oclc=792686498}} * {{Cite book|title=Do Earth : Healing Strategies for Humankind|date=2021|isbn=978-1-914168-00-0|oclc=1259541445|author=Omond|first=Tamsin}} == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == {{Commons category}} * [https://www.tamsinomond.com/ Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ Tamsin Omond] * [https://www.theguardian.com/profile/tamsin-omond Tamsin Omond] na ''The Guardian'' * [https://www.independent.co.uk/author/tamsin-omond Tamsin Omond] na The Independent [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 0an09cz83xj64zoup74pfz00yg7zqcb 0 28848 644485 631515 2026-05-31T05:43:36Z Nachi kim 20090 Fixed reference error and added {{DEFAULTSORT}} 644485 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Tetsuko Kuroyanagi (黒柳 徹子, Kuroyanagi Tetsuko, amụrụ n'abali afọ itoolu nke ọnwa Ọgọstụ , 1933) but ome Ihe nkiri si Japan, onye ama ama n'eme ihe onyonyo na onye ndụmọdụ nye [[Ebe Akụrụngwa Ụwa Nile Maka Okike|World Wide Fund for Nature]] advisor, onye nnọchiteanya nye UNICEF bụ [[Ndepụta nke UNICEF Goodwill Ambassadors|Goodwill Ambassador]] for [[UNICEF]].<ref name="unicef1"/><ref name="nyt">[https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=940DE1DE173EF93AA1575BC0A96E948260&sec=&spon=&pagewanted=all "Distinctions Blur as Deaf Actors Share a Stage,"] ''New York Times.'' August 29, 1988.</ref> O Sonyeere ulọ ọrụ Nkwago ndị mgbasa ozi [[NHK]] dị ka ome Ihe nkiri nwanyị mbụ n'afọ 1953. N'afọ 1954, omere ngosi mbụ ya dika onye ndụ ihe ngosi ejije redio bụ [[Ihe nkiri redio|radio drama]] ''Yambō Nimbō Tombō''. N'afọ 1976, ihe ngosi Tetsuko Room [[TV Asahi]]'s (Tetsuko no Heya)" malikltere ime n'ikuku. Ihe omume a bụ nke [[Ihe ndekọ ụwa nke Guinness|Guinness World Records]] hụtaara n'afọ 2011 maka inwe mgbasa ozi kachasị site n'aka òtù onye mgbasa osi. Ọ malitere ime ngosi na ikuku ná kwa ụbọchị izu na ehihie,ma a ka o wetere aka na 2023, Ọ gafee la ngosi oge puku iri na otu na afọ iri anọ na asatọ ya. Akwụkwọ nkọwa ndụ ya bụ , [[totto-chan: Obere Nwanyị Na Windo|Totto-Chan: The Little Girl at the Window]], nke n' egosi ndụ ya na nwata, họọrọ WW2 gara aga efere karịa nke nwere mbiputa Nde asatọ ereelara. Agbakwunyela ya na ihe ngosi televishonu ugboro abụọ. A makwaara ya n'ihi ọrụ ebere ya, a na-ewerekwa ya dị ka otu n'ime ndị ama ama na Japan mbụ nwetara nkwado nke mba ụwa. N'afọ 2006, Donald Richie rụtụrụaka na Kuroyanagi n'akwụkwọ ya Japanese Portraits: Pictures of Different People dị ka "nwaanyị kachasị ewu ewu na nke a na-enwe mmasị na Japan".<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=vG6tBYOC9l0C&pg=PA197&dq=Tetsuko+Kuroyanagi+-inauthor:%22Tetsuko+Kuroyanagi%22&sig=ACfU3U3j5NiD_eVMIxsUwSae6vIvTrtTnw#PPA197,M1 Japanese Portraits: Pictures of Different People] Book by [[Donald Richie]]. Limited preview at Google Books.</ref> [[Category:Articles with hCards]] == Oge ọ malitere == A mụrụ Kuroyanagi na obodo mepere emepe Tokyo, bụ Tokyo Prefecture (nke bụzi Tokyo). Nna ya bụ onye na-akpọ vaolin na onye na-eduzi egwu.<ref name="famous japan">[https://web.archive.org/web/20070429231632/http://www.cc.kyoto-su.ac.jp/information/famous/kuroyanagit2.html Kuroyanagi Tetsuko profile] from kyoto-su.ac.jp.</ref> Aha njirimara ya dị ka nwatakịrị bụ Totto-chan, dị ka akwụkwọ akụkọ ndụ ya nke afọ 1981 si kwuo.<ref name="famous japan" /> == Mmụta == Kuroyanagi gụrụ akwụkwọ na Tokyo College of Music, na-agụ akwụkwọ opera, ebe ọ bu n'obi ịghọ onye na-agụ egwu opera. Otú ọ dị, mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ, ọ dọtara mmasị ya na ime ihe nkiri na ụlọ ọrụ ntụrụndụ telivishọn site na isonyere Tokyo Hoso Gekidan. N'ikpeazụ, ọ ghọrọ onye na-eme ihe nkiri Japan mbụ nke e nyere nkwekọrịta nke ụlọ ọrụ Japan Broadcasting Corporation (NHK).<ref name="famous japan"/><ref name="metro">Walker, James [http://metropolis.co.jp/biginjapanarchive349/346/biginjapaninc.htm BIG IN JAPAN Tetsuko Kuroyanagi] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080612050007/http://metropolis.co.jp/biginjapanarchive349/346/biginjapaninc.htm |date=2008-06-12 }} from ''[[Metropolis (free magazine)|Metropolis Magazine]]''</ref> == Ọrụ == [[Usòrò:Tetsuko_Kuroyanagi_1956.jpg|áká_èkpè|thumb|223x223px|Kuroyanagi na mmalite afọ ]] Mgbe okwupụtara gbasara Lady Penelope na usoro ihe nkiri Thunderbirds TV, Kuroyanagi ghọrọ onye a ma ama n'afọ 1975 mgbe o guzobere mmemme telivishọn ya nke ehihie Room, nke bụ ihe ngosi okwu mbụ na telivisheneng nke Japan.<ref>[http://news.mynavi.jp/news/2012/12/12/096/ 黒柳徹子が47年ぶりに『サンダーバード』声優へ「徹子の部屋と違うでしょ」] from mynavi.jp/news</ref><ref name="famous japan"/><ref name="gb" /> Ụlọ ọrụ telivishọn nkeonwe Television Asahi na-agbasa ihe ngosi ahụ, ma gosipụta mkparịta ụka Kuroyanagi na ndị ama ama si n'akụkụ dị iche iche, gụnyere telivisheneng, egwuregwu na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị.<ref name="metro" /><ref name="gb">[https://books.google.com/books?id=GAOi2rWuRZwC&pg=PA40&dq=Tetsuko+Kuroyanagi+-inauthor:%22Tetsuko+Kuroyanagi%22&sig=ACfU3U3nEcDIfHlC02qmG0wgEc6IC2GKcA Gender, Language and Culture: A Study of Japanese Television Interview Discourse] Book by Lidia Tanaka. Limited preview at Google Books.</ref> Ụlọ Tetsuko nwere ihe ịga nke ọma, a malitekwara ịkpọ Kuroyanagi "ihe omume" na Japan, na-emegide onyinyo nke ụmụ nwanyị "na-eje ozi" na "na-arụ ọrụ" na telivishọn Japan.<ref name="time">[https://web.archive.org/web/20090712053408/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,921341-1,00.html Little Girl at the TV Window] from ''[[Time magazine]]''</ref> Ndekọ ọnụ ọgụgụ na-egosi na, site na mbido afọ 1990, Kuroyanagi gbara ihe karịrị puku ndị ọbịa Japan na ndị mba ọzọ ajụjụ ọnụ.<ref name="gb" /><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.fundinguniverse.com/company-histories/asahi-national-broadcasting-company-ltd-history/|title=History of Asahi National Broadcasting Company, Ltd. – FundingUniverse|work=www.fundinguniverse.com|accessdate=March 21, 2023}}</ref> A na-ekweta na obi ụtọ ya dị ka onye na-agba ajụjụ ọnụ na nkà ikwu okwu bụ ihe mere ka mmemme TV dị ogologo.<ref name="osuedu">[https://web.archive.org/web/20051228090936/http://japan.osu.edu/p-12/lessons/1_JapansHeritage/tetsuko.pdf Famous People of Japan: Tetsuko KUROYANAGI] Teaching materials. Archive by Institute for Japanese Studies, at [[Ohio State University]].</ref><ref name="metro" /> Ọ makwaara ndị na-ege ntị na Japan site n'ịpụta ya mgbe niile na ihe ngosi telivishọn "World Mysteries".<ref name="metro" /><ref name="jtimes">[http://search.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/fb20001009a2.html Limp prose from an angel of mercy] from [[The Japan Times Online]].</ref> Afọ 1981 gosipụtara oge mgbanwe n'ọrụ ya, dịka Kuroyanagi bipụtara akwụkwọ ụmụaka ya ''Totto-Chan'': The Little Girl at the Window, nke Kuroyanaji dere banyere ụkpụrụ nke agụmakwụkwọ na-abụghị nke omenala nke ọ nwetara na ụlọ akwụkwọ elementrị Tomoe Gakuen n'oge [[World War II|Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ]], na onye nkuzi ya Sosaku Kobayashi. A na-ewere akwụkwọ ahụ dị ka akwụkwọ ncheta nwata ya, mgbe a tọhapụrụ ya, ọ ghọrọ akwụkwọ kacha ere ahịa n'akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Japan.<ref name="time"/> Dorothy Britton sụgharịrị akwụkwọ ahụ n'asụsụ Bekee na 1984, e bipụtakwara ya n'ihe karịrị mba 30.<ref name="famous japan"/> == Ọrụ ebere == [[Usòrò:Koichiro_Gemba_and_Tetsuko_Kuroyanagi_20120705_1.jpg|thumb|200x200px|Mụ na Kōichirō Gemba (na Ministry of Foreign Affairs na 5 July 2012)]] A maara Kuroyanagi n'ụwa niile maka ọrụ ebere na ịnakọta ego enyemaka ya ọ na-eme. O guzobere otu Totto Foundation, nke akpọrọ aha onye na-ede akụkọ ndụ ya ''Totto-chan'', Little Girl at the Window.<ref name="famous japan"/><ref name="unicef1"/> Ntọala ahụ na-azụ ndị na-eme ihe nkiri ntị chiri, na-etinye n'ọrụ ọhụụ Kuroyanagi nke iweta ihe nkiri nye ndị ntị chiri. N'afọ 1984, n'ịghọta ọrụ ebere ya, a họpụtara Kuroyanagi ka ọ bụrụ onye nnọchi anya Goodwill maka UNICEF, ịbụ onye mbụ si [[Asia|Eshia]] iji jide ọnọdụ a.<ref name="unicef1">UNICEF: [http://www.unicef.org/people/people_tetsuko_kuroyanagi.html Goodwill Ambassador Kuroyanagi]</ref> N'ime ngwụcha afọ 1980 na n'afọ 1990, ọ gara ọtụtụ mba na-emepe emepe n'Eshia na [[Afrịka|Africa]] maka ọrụ ebere na ọrụ obiọma, na-enyere ụmụaka ndị nwere ọdachi na agha aka yana ịkwalite mmata mba ụwa banyere ọnọdụ ụmụaka nọ na mba ndị dara ogbenye.<ref name="osuedu"/><ref name="famous japan"/><ref name="jtimes"/> Nleta ya na Angola na 1989 bụ nleta VIP mbụ e dekọrọ site na Japan gaa mba a, ma bụrụ ihe dị ịrịba ama maka mmekọrịta mmekọrịta dị n'etiti [[Japan]] na [[Angola]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.mofa.go.jp/region/africa/angola/index.html|title=Japan-Angola Relations|work=Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan|accessdate=March 21, 2023}}</ref> Kuroyanagi enwetala ihe karịrị nde $ 20 maka mmemme UNICEF nke ọ na-etinye aka na ya, site na mkpọsa ego telivishọn. O jikwa ego sitere n'akwụkwọ ya kacha ere ahịa, Totto-chan, nye aka na UNICEF.<ref name="unicef pdf">http://www.unicef.org/ar98/ar98eng3.pdf. {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303205611/http://www.unicef.org/ar98/ar98eng3.pdf |date=2016-03-03 }}</ref> Kuroyanagi sonyekwara na mkpọsa mba ụwa UNICEF 'Say Yes for Children', ya na ndị ọzọ ama ama.<ref name="unicef1" /> N'afọ 1997, Kuroyanagi bipụtara akwụkwọ akpọrọ "Totto-chan's Children", nke dabeere na ahụmịhe ya na-arụ ọrụ dị ka onye nnọchiteanya omume ihe ọma UNICEF site n'afọ 1984 ruo 1996.<ref name="jtimes"/> Kuroyanagi bụ onye nduzi nke alaka Japan nke World Wildlife Fund. Kuroyanagi ewetawo ebe ngosipụta ihe nkiri ndị ntị chiri nke Amerika akpọrọ America's National Theater of the Deaf na Japan ugboro abụọ, na-eso ha na-eme ihe nkiri n'asụsụ ndị ogbi.<ref>National Theater of the Deaf (US): [https://web.archive.org/web/20191204171920/https://ntd.org/ NTD moves to ASD in West Hartford, CT (2004)];</ref><ref>NTD/ASD press release: [https://web.archive.org/web/20160316164141/http://www.prweb.com/releases/2004/2/prweb107456.htm NTD moves to ASD campus]</ref><ref name="nyt"/> == Nsọpụrụ == Maka itinye aka na mgbasa ozi na ntụrụndụ nke ihe ngosi telivishọn, Kuroyanagi ritere onyinye mgbasa ozi ọdịnala nke Japan, nke bụ nsọpụrụ telivisheneng kachasị elu na Japan. Kemgbe ahụ, a họpụtala ya ugboro iri na anọ dị ka onye n' ihe omume telivishọn kachasị amasị Japan, maka ihe ngosi Room.Tetsuko <ref name="unicef1"/> N'afọ 2000, Kuroyanagi ghọrọ onye mbụ natara onyinye ihe nrite Global Leadership for Children Award, nke UNICEF guzobere na ncheta afọ iri nke nzukọ Mbà Ụwa gbasara Ụmụaka afọ 1990 akpọrọ 1990 World Summit for Children.<ref name="unicef1"/> N'ọnwa Mee afọ 2003, Kuroyanagi natara Order of the Sacred Treasure iji kwado afọ iri abụọ nke ozi ya maka ụmụaka ụwa.<ref name="unicef1"/><ref>[http://www.editions-harmattan.fr/index.asp?navig=catalogue&obj=article&no=8245 L'Harmattan web site (in French)], Order with gold rays and cross</ref><ref>[http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0XPQ/is_2000_Oct_23/ai_66682977 UNICEF to give award to actress Kuroyanagi for advocacy work] Archived at Findarticles.com</ref> == Ihe nkiri == Nke a bụ ndepụta nke ihe nkiri. * Thunderbirds (onye na-eme ihe nkiri) (1965-1966) - Lady Penelope Creighton-Ward (Japanese dub) * ''Jack na'' Witch (onye na-eme ihe nkiri) (1967)<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.jmdb.ne.jp/1967/cq000830.htm|title=少年ジャックと魔法使い|work=www.jmdb.ne.jp|accessdate=March 21, 2023|archivedate=March 2, 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140302201452/http://www.jmdb.ne.jp/1967/cq000830.htm}}</ref> * Breaking of Branches Is Forbidden (onye na-eme ihe nkiri) (1968, dir. Kihachirō Kawamoto)<ref name="jtnews">{{Cite web|url=https://www.jtnews.jp/cgi-bin/person.cgi?PERSON_NO=14336|title=黒柳徹子の出演作品一覧|work=みんなのシネマレビュー|accessdate=March 21, 2023}}</ref> * ''Ndị agha oge okpomọkụ'' (1972)<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://movies.nytimes.com/person/933647/Tetsuko-Kuroyanagi/filmography|title=Tetsuko Kuroyanagi - Trailer - Showtimes - Cast - Movies & TV - NYTimes.com|work=The New York Times|date=July 15, 2009|accessdate=March 21, 2023}}</ref> * Anne no Nikki (The Diary of ''Anne'' Frank) dị ka Mrs. Petronella Van Daan (onye na-eme ihe nkiri) (1995) * The Book of the Dead (onye na-eme ihe nkiri) (2005) == Edensibia == <references group="" responsive="0"></references> == Njikọ mpụga ==   * Media related to Tetsuko Kuroyanagi at Wikimedia Commons * [https://web.archive.org/web/20190905152429/http://www.inv.co.jp/~tagawa/totto/ Homepage gọọmentị dị ka ọwa Totto] (n'asụsụ Japanese) * [http://www.tv-asahi.co.jp/tetsuko/ Homepage maka] Tetsuko's Room (n'asụsụ Japanese) * Tetsuko Kuroyanagi at IMDb {{WWFN}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Kuroyanagi, Tetsuko}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 0pgb9wnu6nk54drhfkg3maef53tviua 0 28950 643975 117930 2026-05-30T12:45:13Z Chiziqa 13055 Fixed reference error 643975 wikitext text/x-wiki N'ime osisi ndị nwere osisi, tylosis (n'ọtụtụ: '''tyloses''') bụ mkpụmkpụ dị ka ụfụfụ nke mkpụrụ ndụ parenchyma n'ime lumen nke arịa ndị dị nso. Okwu tylosis na-akọwapụta usoro ahụike na mkpuchi na-esi na xylem nke osisi osisi dị ka nzaghachi maka mmerụ ahụ ma ọ bụ dị ka nchebe pụọ na ire ure na heartwood.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://encarta.msn.com/dictionary_561509079/tylosis.html|title=MSN online dictionary|accessdate=19 February 2010|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100421031737/http://encarta.msn.com/dictionary_561509079/tylosis.html|archivedate=21 April 2010}}</ref> Ọ bụ usoro dị mkpa na mgbidi otu n'ime [[nkewa nke ire ure n'osisi]] (CODIT) na osisi ndị ọzọ. [[Usòrò:Carpinus_betulus1_cross_beentree.jpg|thumb|Akụkụ nke osisi ''Carpinus betulus'' na-egosi ebe ndị gbara ọchịchịrị pụrụ iche mepụtara n'ihi ọrịa tylosis na nzaghachi maka nje fungal]] == Anatomy == A na-ahụ ya na ngalaba n'okpuru microscope, tyloses na-apụta dị ka balloon-dị ka protrusions na-esite na axial paratracheal parenchyma cells n'ime xylem arịa site na oghere jikọtara ha abụọ. N'ụdị ụfọdụ, enwere ike inwe ihe mgbochi dị iche n'etiti tyloses na-esi n'olulu banye n'ime arịa, ebe ha nwere ike ọ gaghị adị mfe ịmata n'ọnọdụ ndị ọzọ.<ref>{{Cite book|author=Shigo|first=Alex L.|authorlink=Alex Shigo|title=Modern Arboriculture- A systems approach to the care of trees and their associates|edition=third (2003)|year=1991|isbn=0943563097|pages=56–57}}</ref> == Tyloses == [[Usòrò:Verthyllung_Quercus_petraea.jpg|thumb|Ụgbọ mmiri nke ''Quercus petraea'' na tyloses]] '''Tyloses''' bụ ihe na-etolite na mkpụrụ ndụ parenchyma nke arịa xylem nke osisi nke abụọ. Mgbe ụkọ mmiri ozuzo ma ọ bụ ọrịa na-emetụta osisi ahụ, tyloses ga-esi n'akụkụ mkpụrụ ndụ daa ma "na-egbochi" anụ ahụ vascular iji gbochie mmebi ọzọ na osisi ahụ. Tyloses nwere ike inye aka n'ime usoro nke ime ka [[Ńkú|osisi sapwood]] bụrụ osisi n'etiti osisi ụfọdụ siri ike, ọkachasị n'osisi nwere arịa buru ibu.<ref name="one">{{Cite book|author=Peter Thomas|year=2000|title=Trees: their Natural History|url=https://archive.org/details/treestheirnatura00thom|location=Cambridge, UK|publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]]|pages=[https://archive.org/details/treestheirnatura00thom/page/n253 242]–243|isbn=978-0-521-45963-1}}</ref> Enwere ike iji mgbochi ndị a na mgbakwunye na ihe mgbochi gum ozugbo arịa jupụtara na ikuku ikuku, ha na-enyekwa aka mepụta obi siri ike site na ibelata ọganihu nke ire ure.<ref name="one" /> == Ọrụ na nkewa == Tylosis n'ime arịa nke osisi ndị na-agbasa okooko na-egbochi mgbasa nke fungal hyphae na pathogens ndị ọzọ site na ibelata mgbasa ha kwụ ọtọ na ihe mgbochi anụ ahụ. Usoro yiri nke ahụ na-eme na gymnosperms, nke na-egbochi ịnweta tracheids site na imechi olulu ndị jikọtara ha na ibe ha.<ref name="Weber" /> Arịa ndị a na-egbochi na-enyekwa nchebe megide mgbasa radial nke pathogens, na-egbolata mgbasa ha n'elu osisi ahụ. Nchebe siri ike na ókèala ebe mgbanaka kwa afọ na-ezute. Ịdị irè nke ihe mgbochi ndị kwụ ọtọ na ndị kwụ ọtọ nwere mmetụta site na ọsọ nke ha na-eguzobe site na tyloses, na-adịkarị ngwa ngwa na osisi ndị dị mma.<ref name="Weber">{{Cite book|author=Weber|first=K.|title=Manual of wood decays in trees|year=2003|publisher=The Arboricultural Association|location=Romsey, Hampshire|isbn=0-900978-35-X|pages=27–28}}<cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFWeberMattheck2003">Weber, K.; Mattheck, C. (2003). ''Manual of wood decays in trees''. Romsey, Hampshire: The Arboricultural Association. pp.&nbsp;27–28. [[ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Ihe pụrụ iche:BookSources/0-900978-35-X|<bdi>0-900978-35-X</bdi>]].</cite></ref> == Ọrụ ọ na-arụ n'ịmepụta osisi == Ka osisi na-etolite, cambium ya na-agbakwunye mmụba kwa afọ (ma ọ bụ mgbanaka) nke osisi ọhụrụ, na ọtụtụ ụdị osisi osisi ochie na-aga n'etiti osisi ahụ na-aghọ ihe na-adịchaghị mkpa maka usoro ahụike dị ka mmiri na njem nri, osisi ahụ na'agbanwekwa nke a ka ọ bụrụ osisi. Osisi obi a enweghị ihe nchebe na-arụ ọrụ megide ibute ọrịa, mana a na-echebe ya pụọ na ibute ọrịa na ire ure site na mgbochi nke arịa xylem na tyloses na ihe dị iche iche dị ka gums, resins na waxes nwere oke nke ihe ndị na-eme ka ikuku dị ka terpenes nke na-egbu egbu nye ụmụ ahụhụ na pathogens osisi dị ka nje na fungus. A na-emepụta ngwaahịa ndị a site na cambium ma buru ha gaa n'etiti ogwe osisi ahụ site na usoro mkpụrụ ndụ a na-akpọ medullary rays na-esi n'etiti etiti ogwe osisi wee banye na mkpụrụ ndụ paratracheal parenchyma dị ndụ.<ref>{{Cite book|author=Page|first=Jake|title=Forest|url=https://archive.org/details/forest00page|series=Planet Earth|year=1983|publisher=Time-Life Books, Amsterdam|isbn=0-7054-0752-7}}</ref> Ka osisi ahụ na-aka nká, ihe dị n'ime mkpụrụ ndụ parenchyma na-agbawa n'ime arịa nwụrụ anwụ site na olulu jikọtara ha abụọ. Mgbe ahụ, mkpụrụ ndụ parenchyma na-anwụ ka ihe dị n'ime ya na-abanye n'ime oghere efu nke arịa kpọrọ nkụ na ihe ndị na-egbochi ire ure dị irè, ọkachasị tannin, na-emepụta ma na-amịkọrọ ya na mgbidi arịa ndị dị n'akụkụ. == Njikọ mpụga ==     Trees portal * [https://web.archive.org/web/20201212084231/http://www.dutchelmdisease.org/EXPERT/DED/CORE/00/01/E2.HTML Foto nke tylosis na ''Ulmus'' (Elm), na nkọwa zuru ezu nke usoro ahụ] == Ebe e si nweta ya == {{Reflist}} mzv7etaqcz1pmv004hrgirkd6g3w0ku 0 29108 643994 118133 2026-05-30T13:16:45Z Chiziqa 13055 Fixed reference error 643994 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Speciesbox}} {| class="infobox biota" style="text-align: left; width: 200px; font-size: 100%" ! colspan="2" style="text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)" |Bearded screech owl |- | colspan="2" style="text-align: center" |[[File:ScopsBarbarusSmit.jpg|frameless]] |- style="text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)" ! colspan="2" |<div style="text-align: center">[[Conservation status]]</div> |- | colspan="2" |<div style="text-align: center">[[File:Status_iucn3.1_LC.svg|link=|alt=|frameless]]<br /><br /><br /><br />[[Least Concern]] <small>&nbsp;([[IUCN Red List|IUCN 3.1]])<ref name="IUCN"><cite class="citation journal cs1" id="CITEREFBirdLife_International2020"><span class="cx-segment" data-segmentid="177">BirdLife International (2020). </span><span class="cx-segment" data-segmentid="178">[https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/22688807/180130085 "Bearded Screech-owl ''Megascops barbarus''"]. </span><span class="cx-segment" data-segmentid="179">''[[IUCN Red List|IUCN Red List of Threatened Species]]''. '''2020''': e.</span><span class="cx-segment" data-segmentid="181">T22688807A180130085. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:<span class="cs1-lock-free" title="Freely accessible">[[doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T22688807A180130085.en|10.2305/IUCN.]]</span></span><span class="cs1-lock-free" title="Freely accessible">[[doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T22688807A180130085.en|<span class="cx-segment" data-segmentid="183">UK.2020-3.</span><span class="cx-segment" data-segmentid="184">RLTS.</span>]]</span><span class="cx-segment" data-segmentid="185"><span class="cs1-lock-free" title="Freely accessible">[[doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T22688807A180130085.en|T22688807A180130085.en]]</span><span class="reference-accessdate">. </span></span><span class="cx-segment" data-segmentid="186"><span class="reference-accessdate">Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 March</span> 2022</span>.</span></cite></ref></small></div> |- | colspan="2" |<div style="text-align: center">[[CITES]] Appendix II<small>&nbsp;([[CITES]])<ref><templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles><cite class="citation web cs1">[https://cites.org/eng/app/appendices.php "Appendices | CITES"]. ''cites.org''<span class="reference-accessdate">. </span></cite></ref></small></div> |- ! colspan="2" style="min-width:15em; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)" |[[Taxonomy (biology)|Scientific classification]] <span class="plainlinks" style="font-size:smaller; float:right; padding-right:0.4em; margin-left:-3em;">[[File:OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg|link=Template:Taxonomy/Megascops|15x15px|Edit this classification]]</span> |- |Domain: |[[Eukaryote|Eukaryota]] |- |Kingdom: |[[Animal|Animalia]] |- |Phylum: |[[Chordate|Chordata]] |- |Class: |[[Bird|Aves]] |- |Order: |[[Owl|Strigiformes]] |- |Family: |[[True owl|Strigidae]] |- |Genus: |[[Screech owl|''Megascops'']] |- |Species: |<div class="species" style="display:inline">'''''M.&nbsp;barbarus'''''</div> |- ! colspan="2" style="text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)" |[[Binomial nomenclature|Binomial name]] |- | colspan="2" style="text-align: center" |'''<span class="binomial">''Megascops barbarus''</span>'''<br /><br /><br /><br /><div style="font-size: 85%;">([[Philip Sclater|Sclater, PL]] & [[Osbert Salvin|Salvin]], 1868)</div> |- style="text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)" |- | colspan="2" style="text-align: center" |[[File:Megascops_barbarus_map.svg|frameless]] |- ! colspan="2" style="text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)" |[[Synonym (taxonomy)|Synonyms]] |- | colspan="2" style="text-align: left" | ''Otus barbarus'' (P.L.Sclater & Salvin, 1868) |} [[Category:Articles with 'species' microformats]] Owu na-eti mkpu ('''''Megascops barbarus''''') bụ obere "'''owu''' nkịtị" na subfamily Striginae. A na-ahụ ya na Guatemala na [[Mézíkọ|Mexico]].<ref name="IOC12.1" /><ref name="HBW2020">HBW and BirdLife International (2020) ''Handbook of the Birds of the World and BirdLife International digital checklist of the birds of the world'' Version 5. </ref> == Nchịkọta na usoro == Ọ bụ Philip Sclater na Osbert Salvin kọwara nke mbụ ya n'afọ 1868. Ọ na-ekerịta ụdị ''Megascops'' na ihe karịrị 20 ndị ọzọ screech owls. Ọ bụ monotypic.<ref name="IOC12.1">{{Cite web|url=https://www.worldbirdnames.org/new/bow/owls/|title=Owls|work=IOC World Bird List|date=January 2022|accessdate=January 15, 2022}}</ref> A na-enweta aha a na-akpọ barbarus site na ụdị obodo Santa Bárbara, Vera Paz, Guatemala, na "afụ ọnụ" bụ ihe na-ezighi ezi sitere na ya (afụ ọnụ ga-abụ ''barbatus'').<ref name="BESO-BOW">Enríquez, P. L. (2020). </ref><ref name="Weidensaul">{{Cite book|first=Scott|author=Weidensaul|title=Peterson Reference Guide to Owls of North America and the Caribbean|year=2015|publisher=Houghton Mifflin Harcourt|location=New York, NY, US|pages=87–90|isbn=978-0-547-84003-1|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yviYCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA87|accessdate=2 May 2016}}<cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFWeidensaul2015">Weidensaul, Scott (2015). </cite></ref> == Nkọwa == Owu screech bụ nke kacha nta n'ụdị ya na North America. Ọ dị 16 ruo 20 cm (6.3 ruo 7.9 in) n'ogologo; ndị nwoke dị ihe dị ka 63 g (2.2 oz) na ndị nwanyị 72 g (2.5 ). Na mgbakwunye na ịdị arọ, ụmụ nwanyị nwere nku na ọdụ dịtụ ogologo, na ụmụ nwoke na ụmụ nwanyị nku na-agafe ọdụ. Ụdị ahụ nwere ụdị agba abụọ. N'ozuzu, nke kachasị na-acha ntụ ntụ na-acha nchara nchara na nke ọzọ na-acha ọbara ọbara, mana ụmụ nwanyị ndị ọzọ yiri ka ha bụ ndị na-acha uhie uhie. A maara ndị nọ n'etiti. Ndị toro eto nke morph na-acha ntụ ntụ nwere elu nke agba ahụ nwere "olu" na ntụpọ dị arọ nke na-acha ọcha. Diski ihu ya na-acha ntụ ntụ na-acha nchara nchara gbara ya gburugburu. Akụkụ ndị dị n'okpuru ya na-acha odo odo na akara ndị gbara ọchịchịrị nke na-enye ọdịdị ocellated na ábụ́bà na-agbasa ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ mkpịsị ụkwụ. Ụdị na-acha uhie uhie na-anọchi anya na-acha nchara nchara na-acha ọbara ọbara na-acha odo odo na ọdịdị na-adịghị iche. Ụdị abụọ ahụ nwere anya na-acha odo odo, ọnụ na-acha akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ, na mkpịsị ụkwụ na-acha pinki na-enweghị nku.<ref name="BESO-BOW">Enríquez, P. L. (2020). </ref><ref name="Weidensaul">{{Cite book|first=Scott|author=Weidensaul|title=Peterson Reference Guide to Owls of North America and the Caribbean|year=2015|publisher=Houghton Mifflin Harcourt|location=New York, NY, US|pages=87–90|isbn=978-0-547-84003-1|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yviYCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA87|accessdate=2 May 2016}}<cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFWeidensaul2015">Weidensaul, Scott (2015). </cite></ref> == Ebe a na-ekesa ya == A na-ahụ nnụnụ screech screech site n'ugwu ndị dị n'etiti Chiapas, Mexico n'ebe ndịda na n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ n'ime ugwu ndị dị n"etiti na ọdịda anyanwụ Guatemala. N'ịdị elu, ọ na-adịkarị n'etiti 1,800 na 2,000 (5,900 na 6,600 ft) ana ọ na-eme dị ala dị ka 1,350 m (4,400 ) na dị elu dị ka 2,500 m (8,200 ). Ọ na-ebi n'ọhịa dị n'ugwu nke dị n'ụdị dị iche iche; ihe atụ gụnyere osisi pine-oak, osisi oak, na oké ọhịa igwe ojii.<ref name="BESO-BOW">Enríquez, P. L. (2020). </ref><ref name="Weidensaul">{{Cite book|first=Scott|author=Weidensaul|title=Peterson Reference Guide to Owls of North America and the Caribbean|year=2015|publisher=Houghton Mifflin Harcourt|location=New York, NY, US|pages=87–90|isbn=978-0-547-84003-1|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yviYCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA87|accessdate=2 May 2016}}<cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFWeidensaul2015">Weidensaul, Scott (2015). </cite></ref><ref name="König">{{Cite book|first=Claus|author=König|title=Owls of the World|date=30 July 2010|publisher=Christopher Helm|location=London, UK|isbn=978-0-7136-6548-2|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=o_fUBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA102|accessdate=2 May 2016}}</ref> == Omume == === Ịgagharị === Nnụnụ a na-akpọ screech owl bi n'ebe niile ọ na-ebi.<ref name="BESO-BOW">Enríquez, P. L. (2020). </ref> === Nri === Nnụnụ a na-akpọ screech owl na-eme ihe n'abalị. Ọ na-eri ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ naanị [[Arthropod|arthropods]], ọkachasị beetle, na crickets, ụkpara, nkịta, ududo, na akpị na-ebukwa. Ọ na-achụ nta n'okpuru ala ma ọ bụ n'akụkụ ọhịa, na-echere n'elu osisi ma na-awakpo anụ oriri n'ala. Ọ naghị ewere anụ oriri gaa n'otu ebe kama ọ na-eri ya ebe e jidere ya. O yighị ka ọ na-atụ pellet.<ref name="BESO-BOW">Enríquez, P. L. (2020). </ref><ref name="Weidensaul">{{Cite book|first=Scott|author=Weidensaul|title=Peterson Reference Guide to Owls of North America and the Caribbean|year=2015|publisher=Houghton Mifflin Harcourt|location=New York, NY, US|pages=87–90|isbn=978-0-547-84003-1|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yviYCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA87|accessdate=2 May 2016}}<cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFWeidensaul2015">Weidensaul, Scott (2015). </cite></ref> === Ịzụlite === Nnụnụ a na-akpọ screech owl bụ nke mpaghara. Oge ọmụmụ ya yiri ka ọ na-aga site na Machị ruo Juun. Nanị akwukwo a chọtara bụ n'ime oghere osisi okike ebe nwanyị na-acha ọbara ọbara na-azụ nwa ọkụkọ na-acha ntụ ntụ.<ref name="BESO-BOW">Enríquez, P. L. (2020). </ref>{{birdsong|url=https://xeno-canto.org/species/Megascops-barbarus|species=bearded screech owl}} === Nkwupụta === Abụ nke mkpu nwere afụ ọnụ bụ "ihe dị jụụ na nke dị ala, nke yiri cricket nke 3-5 [seconds] n'ogologo, na-ebili ma na-ada na njedebe". Ụmụ nwoke na ụmụ nwanyị na-abụ abụ, ụmụ nwoke na-abụkarị abụ, abụ nwoke nwere ụda dị ala karịa nke nwanyị. Ha na-enyekwa "a soft ventriloquial ''hu''".<ref name="BESO-BOW">Enríquez, P. L. (2020). </ref> == Ọnọdụ == IUCN na mbụ nyochara owl nwere afụ ọnụ dị ka Near Threatened. N'afọ 2012 ọ gbanwere ọkwa ahụ ka ọ bụrụ Vulnerable na n'afọ 2020 ka ọ bụrụ Least Concern. Ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị bi na ya nwere atụmatụ nke ọ dịkarịa ala mmadụ 20,000 tozuru etozu mana ekwere na ọ na-ebelata.<ref name="IUCN"><cite class="citation journal cs1" id="CITEREFBirdLife_International2020"><span class="cx-segment" data-segmentid="177">BirdLife International (2020). </span><span class="cx-segment" data-segmentid="178">[https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/22688807/180130085 "Bearded Screech-owl ''Megascops barbarus''"]. </span><span class="cx-segment" data-segmentid="179">''[[IUCN Red List|IUCN Red List of Threatened Species]]''. '''2020''': e.</span><span class="cx-segment" data-segmentid="181">T22688807A180130085. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:<span class="cs1-lock-free" title="Freely accessible">[[doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T22688807A180130085.en|10.2305/IUCN.]]</span></span><span class="cs1-lock-free" title="Freely accessible">[[doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T22688807A180130085.en|<span class="cx-segment" data-segmentid="183">UK.2020-3.</span><span class="cx-segment" data-segmentid="184">RLTS.</span>]]</span><span class="cx-segment" data-segmentid="185"><span class="cs1-lock-free" title="Freely accessible">[[doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T22688807A180130085.en|T22688807A180130085.en]]</span><span class="reference-accessdate">. </span></span><span class="cx-segment" data-segmentid="186"><span class="reference-accessdate">Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 March</span> 2022</span>.</span></cite></ref> A na-eme atụmatụ na ngụkọta ya dị ihe dị ka 9,800 km2 (3,800 mi).<ref name="Weidensaul" /> Ndị ọrụ Mexico edepụtara ya dị ka ihe nọ n'ihe ize ndụ na mba ahụ n'ihi oke mgbukpọ ọhịa. "[C]oké ọhịa pine-oak dị mma na nke na-adọrọ adọrọ na ndagwurugwu dị elu ma ọ bụ ugwu dị elu nke siri ike iru. "<ref name="BESO-BOW">Enríquez, P. L. (2020). </ref> == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * http://www.owling.com/Bearded_Screech.htm 15o2uw258bimlr3mthgiyezzmh09p7d 0 29181 644099 118250 2026-05-30T15:53:16Z Mirah50 16972 Fixed reference errors 644099 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Speciesbox|image=Taxus globosa foliage.jpg|status=EN|status_system=IUCN3.1|status_ref=<ref name=iucn>{{Cite journal | author = Thomas, P. | title = ''Taxus globosa'' | journal = [[The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species]] | volume = 2013 | page = e.T30724A2795235 | publisher = [[IUCN]] | date = 2013 | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/30724/0 | doi = 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2013-1.RLTS.T30724A2795235.en | access-date = 14 December 2017| doi-access = free }}</ref>|genus=Taxus|species=globosa|authority=[[Schltdl.]]}} {| class="infobox biota" style="text-align: left; width: 200px; font-size: 100%" ! colspan="2" style="text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)" |''Taxus globosa'' |- | colspan="2" style="text-align: center" |[[File:Taxus_globosa_foliage.jpg|frameless]] |- style="text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)" ! colspan="2" |<div style="text-align: center">[[Conservation status]]</div> |- | colspan="2" |<div style="text-align: center">[[File:Status_iucn3.1_EN.svg|link=|alt=|frameless]]<br /><br /><br /><br />[[Endangered species (IUCN status)|Endangered]] <small>&nbsp;([[IUCN Red List|IUCN 3.1]])<ref name="iucn" /></small></div> |- ! colspan="2" style="min-width:15em; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)" |[[Taxonomy (biology)|Scientific classification]] <span class="plainlinks" style="font-size:smaller; float:right; padding-right:0.4em; margin-left:-3em;">[[File:OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg|link=Template:Taxonomy/Taxus|15x15px|Edit this classification]]</span> |- |Kingdom: |[[Plant|Plantae]] |- |''Clade'': |[[Vascular plant|Tracheophytes]] |- |''Clade'': |[[Gymnosperm|Gymnosperms]] |- |Division: |[[Conifer|Pinophyta]] |- |Class: |[[Conifer|Pinopsida]] |- |Order: |[[Cupressales]] |- |Family: |[[Taxaceae]] |- |Genus: |''[[Taxus]]'' |- |Species: |<div class="species" style="display:inline">'''''T.&nbsp;globosa'''''</div> |- ! colspan="2" style="text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)" |[[Binomial nomenclature|Binomial name]] |- | colspan="2" style="text-align: center" |'''<span class="binomial">''Taxus globosa''</span>'''<br /><br /><br /><br /><div style="font-size: 85%;">[[Schltdl.]]</div> |- style="text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)" |} [[Category:Articles with 'species' microformats]] '''''Taxus globosa''''', Mexican yew, bụ obere osisi na-acha akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ na otu n'ime ụdị asatọ nke yew. [[Mézíkọ|Mexican]] yew bụ ụdị dị ụkọ, nke a maara na a na-ahụ ya n'ebe ole na ole dị n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ Mexico, Guatemala, El Salvador na Honduras, ma depụta ya dị ka ụdị dị n'ihe ize ndụ.<ref>Taxus globosa, Schlectendahl, 1838, [http://www.conifers.org/ta/ta/globosa.htm found here] retrieved on March 10, 2007</ref> Mexican yew bụ obere osisi na-etolite ruo 4.6m. Ọ nwere nnukwu agịga na-acha akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ na-eto n'usoro n'akụkụ ọ bụla nke alaka ya. E nwere ọtụtụ ọrụ iji mepụta Paclitaxel (ihe na-egbochi akpụ) gburugburu ụwa, mana amụghị ya nke ọma na Mexico yew n'ihi obere mmepụta nke Taxol (Bringi et al., 1995) site na ''in vitro'' plant cell cultures.<ref>Bringi V, Prakash G. K., Prince C. L., Schubmehl B. F., Kane E. J., Roach B.. 1995. </ref> Ọ bụ mmadụ ole na ole na-eme nchọpụta na-elekwasị anya n'ọrụ ha na ụdị a, onye ndú otu na ''Taxus globosa'' S. bụ ma eleghị anya nke Barradas na Veracruz Institute of Technology (Instituto Tecnológico de Veracruz).<ref>Barradas, D. D. Ma., Hayward, J. P. M., Mata, R. M., Palmeros, S. B., Platas, B. O. B. J., Velázquez, T. R. F.. (2010). </ref> ==Edensibịa== {{Reflist}} 6zu4t425p9ntotrjmlsv4tq6mo4wr7q 0 29182 644028 118251 2026-05-30T14:03:13Z Chiziqa 13055 Fixed reference error 644028 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Speciesbox|image=Ulmus mexicana leaves.jpg|image_caption=Leaves|parent=Ulmus sect. Chaetoptelea|display_parents=2|genus=Ulmus|species=mexicana|status=LC|status_system=IUCN3.1|status_ref=<ref name="iucn status 18 November 2021">{{cite iucn |author=Condit, R. |date=2020 |title=''Ulmus mexicana'' |volume=2020 |page=e.T171989134A176096425 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T171989134A176096425.en |access-date=18 November 2021}}</ref>|authority=([[Frederik Michael Liebmann|Liebm.]]) [[Jules Émile Planchon|Planch.]]|synonyms=''Chaetoptelea mexicana'' <small>Liebm.</small>}} {| class="infobox biota" style="text-align: left; width: 200px; font-size: 100%" ! colspan="2" style="text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)" |''Ulmus mexicana'' |- | colspan="2" style="text-align: center" |[[File:Ulmus_mexicana_leaves.jpg|frameless]] |- | colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-size: 88%" |Leaves |- style="text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)" ! colspan="2" |<div style="text-align: center">[[Conservation status]]</div> |- | colspan="2" |<div style="text-align: center">[[File:Status_iucn3.1_LC.svg|link=|alt=|frameless]]<br /><br /><br /><br />[[Least Concern]] <small>&nbsp;([[IUCN Red List|IUCN 3.1]])<ref name="iucn status 18 November 2021" /></small></div> |- ! colspan="2" style="min-width:15em; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)" |[[Taxonomy (biology)|Scientific classification]] <span class="plainlinks" style="font-size:smaller; float:right; padding-right:0.4em; margin-left:-3em;">[[File:OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg|link=Template:Taxonomy/Ulmus_sect._Chaetoptelea|15x15px|Edit this classification]]</span> |- |Kingdom: |[[Plant|Plantae]] |- |''Clade'': |[[Vascular plant|Tracheophytes]] |- |''Clade'': |[[Flowering plant|Angiosperms]] |- |''Clade'': |[[Eudicots]] |- |''Clade'': |[[Rosids]] |- |Order: |[[Rosales]] |- |Family: |[[Ulmaceae]] |- |Genus: |[[Elm|''Ulmus'']] |- |Subgenus: |[[Ulmus subg. Oreoptelea|''U. <span style="font-style:normal;">subg.</span> Oreoptelea'']] |- |Section: |[[Ulmus sect. Chaetoptelea|''U. <span style="font-style:normal;">sect.</span> Chaetoptelea'']] |- |Species: |<div class="species" style="display:inline">'''''U.&nbsp;mexicana'''''</div> |- ! colspan="2" style="text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)" |[[Binomial nomenclature|Binomial name]] |- | colspan="2" style="text-align: center" |'''<span class="binomial">''Ulmus mexicana''</span>'''<br /><br /><br /><br /><div style="font-size: 85%;">([[Frederik Michael Liebmann|Liebm.]]) [[Jules Émile Planchon|Planch.]]</div> |- style="text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)" |- ! colspan="2" style="text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)" |[[Synonym (taxonomy)|Synonyms]] |- | colspan="2" style="text-align: left" | ''Chaetoptelea mexicana'' <small>Liebm.</small> |} [[Category:Articles with 'species' microformats]] '''''Ulmus''''' mexicana, '''elm nke Mexico''', bụ nnukwu osisi dị na Mexico na Central America. A na-ahụkarị ya n'oké ọhịa igwe ojii na elu dị elu (800-2,200 (2,600-7,200 )) nke oké ọhịa mmiri ozuzo na-ekpo ọkụ na ọkwa mmiri ozuzo nke 2-4 m (79-157 in) kwa afọ, site na San Luis Potosi ndịda ruo Chiapas na Mexico, na site na Guatemala ruo Panama gafere.<ref name="Moreira">Moreira, I. & Arnaez, E. (2003) ''Ulmus mexicana'' (Liebm.</ref> A kọwara osisi ahụ na mbụ n'ụzọ botanical na 1873.<ref name="ipni">{{Cite web|url=http://www.ipni.org:80/ipni/idPlantNameSearch.do?id=856888-1&back_page=%2Fipni%2FeditSimplePlantNameSearch.do%3Ffind_wholeName%3DUlmus%2Bmexicana%26output_format%3Dnormal|title=Plant Name Details for ''Ulmus mexicana''|publisher=[[International Plant Names Index|IPNI]]|accessdate=October 20, 2009}}</ref> == Nkọwa == Ulmus mexicana bụ otu n'ime ụdị elm kachasị elu, na-eru oge ụfọdụ n'ịdị elu nke 84 m (276 ft), na d.b.h. nke 2.5 m (8 ụkwụ), n'ezie otu n'etiti osisi kachasị elu na Mexico. A na-ahụkwa osisi ahụ site na ogwe osisi ya na-acha ntụ ntụ, na-akwado okpueze miri emi, akwụkwọ ya siri ike na-eme ka onyinyo dị arọ. Akwụkwọ ya dịgasị iche iche n'ibu site na 3-16 cm n'ogologo site na 2-7 cm n'obosara, elliptic ruo obovate, elu na-egbuke egbuke, ma na-eguzogide n'okpuru, na petioles 5-10 mm n'oghere. Osisi ahụ nwere okooko osisi racemose pụrụ iche ruo 7 cm n'ogologo nke nwere ụyọkọ itoolu nke okooko osisi 40 zuru oke nke ikuku na-eme ka ọ pụta n'etiti Disemba na Febụwarị. Obere samarae, 9.0 × 2.3 mm, na-ekpuchi ogologo ntutu kwụ ọtọ, ma na-awụfu na Machị [https://www.jstor.org/stable/2807778?seq=1].<ref name="Todzia">Todzia, C. A. & Panero, J. L. (2006). </ref> Mgbanwe okike adịghị mma. == Ojiji == Ọ bụ ezie na ọtụtụ n'ime ebe okike ya na-eyi egwu site na mgbukpọ ọhịa, osisi ahụ bụ ihe a na-adịghị ahụkebe na azụmaahịa osisi n'ihi ogwe osisi ya dị omimi, ya mere anaghị ele ya anya dị ka ihe dị n'ihe ize ndụ. Osisi ahụ siri ike ma dị arọ (Gs 0.55), mana o siri ike ịcha, ma nwee ike ịghọ agbagọ nke ukwuu. Ọzọkwa, nnukwu ihe dị na silica (0.35) na-emebi ngwá ọrụ. A na-eji osisi ahụ eme ihe maka ngwá ọrụ, oche, na ala, ebe a na-ejikarị akwụkwọ ya eme ihe dị ka nri ehi. A na-akụ osisi ahụ mgbe ụfọdụ maka ndò ma ọ bụ ịchọ mma.<ref name="Moreira">Moreira, I. & Arnaez, E. (2003) ''Ulmus mexicana'' (Liebm.</ref> == Okwu mmalite == Na Costa Rica, a maara elm nke Mexico dị ka ''Tirrá''; agbata obi (district) nke Tirrases na Curridabat, San José, nwetara aha ya site na osisi ahụ. == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * <nowiki>https://web.archive.org/web/20060627090133/http://cloudbridge.org/trees/ulmus_mexicana.html</nowiki> Elm nke Mexico na Costa Rica * {{Cite web|work=Herbarium catalogue|title=Ulmus mexicana <small>Liebmann</small>|publisher=Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew|accessdate=17 October 2016|url=http://apps.kew.org/herbcat/getImage.do?imageBarcode=K000575856}} {{Elm species, varieties, hybrids, hybrid cultivars and species cultivars|state=collapsed}} hctp20kkjplr8jyenlf7yqnocmb7ku6 0 29479 644385 118609 2026-05-30T22:27:01Z Sayvhior 13464 Fixed reference errors 644385 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Speciesbox|image=Verschaffeltia splendida.jpg|status=NT|status_system=IUCN3.1|status_ref=<ref name="iucn status 14 November 2021">{{cite iucn |author=Ismail, S. |author2=Huber, M.J. |author3=Mougal, J. |date=2011 |title=''Verschaffeltia splendida'' |volume=2011 |page=e.T38722A10145395 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2011-2.RLTS.T38722A10145395.en |access-date=14 November 2021}}</ref>|parent_authority=H.Wendl.|species=splendida|authority=H.A. Wendl.}} {| class="infobox biota" style="text-align: left; width: 200px; font-size: 100%" ! colspan="2" style="text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)" |''Verschaffeltia'' |- | colspan="2" style="text-align: center" |[[File:Verschaffeltia_splendida.jpg|frameless]] |- style="text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)" ! colspan="2" |<div style="text-align: center">[[Conservation status]]</div> |- | colspan="2" |<div style="text-align: center">[[File:Status_iucn3.1_NT.svg|link=|alt=|frameless]]<br /><br /><br /><br />[[Near Threatened]] <small>&nbsp;([[IUCN Red List|IUCN 3.1]])<ref name="iucn status 14 November 2021" /></small></div> |- ! colspan="2" style="min-width:15em; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)" |[[Taxonomy (biology)|Scientific classification]] <span class="plainlinks" style="font-size:smaller; float:right; padding-right:0.4em; margin-left:-3em;">[[File:OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg|link=Template:Taxonomy/Verschaffeltia|15x15px|Edit this classification]]</span> |- |Kingdom: |[[Plant|Plantae]] |- |''Clade'': |[[Vascular plant|Tracheophytes]] |- |''Clade'': |[[Flowering plant|Angiosperms]] |- |''Clade'': |[[Monocotyledon|Monocots]] |- |''Clade'': |[[Commelinids]] |- |Order: |[[Arecales]] |- |Family: |[[Arecaceae]] |- |Subfamily: |[[Arecoideae]] |- |Tribe: |[[Areceae]] |- |Subtribe: |[[Verschaffeltiinae]] |- |Genus: |''[[Verschaffeltia]]''<br /><br /><br /><br /><small>H.</small><small>Wendl.</small> |- |Species: |<div class="species" style="display:inline">'''''V.&nbsp;splendida'''''</div> |- ! colspan="2" style="text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)" |[[Binomial nomenclature|Binomial name]] |- | colspan="2" style="text-align: center" |'''<span class="binomial">''Verschaffeltia splendida''</span>'''<br /><br /><br /><br /><div style="font-size: 85%;">H.A. Wendl.</div> |- style="text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)" |} [[Category:Articles with 'species' microformats]] '''''Verschaffeltia splendida''''' ("'''Latanier Latte'''" maọbụ nkwụ stilt) bụ ụdị osisi na-agbasa okooko n'ezinaụlọ nke Arecaceae.<ref>[https://www.palmpedia.net/wiki/Verschaffeltia_splendida Palmpedia]</ref> Ọ bụ naanị ụdị dị na ụdị nke '''''Verschaffeltia'''''. A na-ahụ ya naanị na obodo [[Seychelles]] ebe ọ na-eyi egwu site na mbibi ebe obibi. Aha ahụ sitere na onye nke Belgian bù Ambroise Verschaffelt. == Nkọwaputa == Enwere ike ịmata ụdị nkwụ a site na ụdị nkwụ ndị ọzọ niile nke obodo Seychelles, site na mgbọrọgwụ ya. Ogwe osisi ahụ dị gịrịgịrị nwere mkpuchi mpụga siri ike. Akwụkwọ ya anaghị agbaji agbaji na mbụ, ndị nke osisi ndị na-eto eto nwere ogwu ojii na ogwe osisi ha. Ha na-amịkwazi mkpụrụ na-acha akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ na mkpụrụ pụrụ iche. == Edensibia == 75rzoz10uowf5r7212w7gvsorpqqi5r 0 29925 644512 580072 2026-05-31T06:00:37Z King ChristLike 13051 improved 644512 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Category:Articles with short description]] [[Category:Short description is different from Wikidata]] [[Category:Articles with hCards]] Chikezie Eze [1] / / ˈtʃɪkiː z iː / ) bụ onye ọbẹ abụ America na onye ikpeazụ n'ọkwa nke iri na oge nke asaa nke usoro ebe American Idol . <ref>http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/life/television/news/2008-03-19-idol-elimination_N.htm</ref>Chikezie akwụkwọ na Inglewood, California nye nne na nna Naijiria, gara ụlọ akwụkwọ na Los Angeles Center for Enriched Studies na West LA na ụmụaka Betel dị na Kansas.  [1] Tupu mbụ maka American Idol, ọ bụ onye isi nchekwa ụgbọ njem na onye na-echere ego.  Ọ gara ụlọ akwụkwọ Santa Monica na Santa Monica, California .  [2] Chikezie nwetara ihe ịga nke ọma maka oge nke asaa nke ''American Idol'' wee mee ya n'ọkwa iri na abụọ. E wepụrụ ya na March 26, 2008, gụchara n'ọkwa nke iri. == Edensibia == {{DEFAULTSORT:Chikezie}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] n0inxucp9b96eo3k4xvg3dg8c47go2n 0 29940 644481 137686 2026-05-31T05:39:27Z King ChristLike 13051 644481 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Ezeali Kingsley Chinedu (ọnụ 11 September 1993) bụ onye egwuregwu ndị agha nke na-egwu egwu Heartland.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.flashscore.com/player/kingsley-ezeali/zViBlVCO/|work=FlashScore.com|title=Ezeali Kingsley|accessdate=20 March 2020|language=en-ZA}}</ref> == Ọrụ klọb == === Enyimba === Ọ sonyeere Eyimba Aba na mbido 2008. === COD United === Ezeali sonyeere COD United n'oge ọkọchị, Jenụarị 5, 2015. === Delta Force FC === Na 6 Jenụwarị 2018, Ezeali bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta ya na Delta Force FC. <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.besoccer.com/player/e-kingsley-852989|title=E. Kingsley|work=BeSoccer|accessdate=20 March 2020|language=en-ZA}}</ref> === Obodo Kada === Na 8 March 2018, ọ bịanyere aka na Kada City nkwekọrịta. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Delta Force FC Heartland Owerri live score, video stream and H2H results|url=https://www.sofascore.com/delta-force-fc-heartland-owerri/JoBbsXjyc|work=SofaScore|accessdate=30 March 2020|language=en}}</ref> === Delta Force FC === Na 30 Maachị 2019, Ezeali sonyeere Delta Force FC. <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://dailytimes.ng/2019/06/09/delta-force-football-club-claims-first-ever-fa-cup-title/|title=Delta Force football club claims first ever FA cup title|date=9 June 2019|work=[[Daily Times (Nigeria)|The Daily Times]]|publisher=Folio Communications|accessdate=30 March 2020|language=en-GB}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|author=Agunbiade|first=Sunday|url=https://www.sports247.ng/fc-ifeanyi-ubah-nail-delta-force-in-nnewi/|title=FC Ifeanyi Ubah nail Delta Force in Nnewi|date=8 May 2019|work=Sports247|accessdate=30 March 2020|language=en-US}}</ref> === Kwara United === Na 1 Nọvemba 2019, Ezeali sonyeere Kwara United. <ref>{{Cite news|author=Adigun|first=Taye Hassan|url=http://felele247.com.ng/player/kingsley-ezeali/|title=Kingsley Ezeali|date=8 December 2019|work=Felele247 Football|accessdate=30 March 2020|language=en-US}}</ref> === Heartland FC === .Na 8 Jenụwarị 2020, Ezeali sonyeere Heartland .  [1] <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://exclusivenews.com.ng/malachi-puts-heartland-to-the-sword/|title=Malachi Puts Heartland to The Sword|date=2 March 2020|work=Exclusive News|accessdate=30 March 2020|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.sports247.ng/heartland-fc-breaks-the-yoke/|title=Heartland FC breaks the yoke|date=13 January 2020|work=Sports247|accessdate=30 March 2020|language=en-US}}</ref> == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Kingsley, Ezeali}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] ri88a1u4yjdu5ze3nqf880mcno9zh5n 0 30468 643991 214211 2026-05-30T13:10:47Z Chiziqa 13055 Fixed reference error 643991 wikitext text/x-wiki       {| class="infobox vevent" |+ class="infobox-title summary" id="4" |udev ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap;" |[[Programmer|Developer(s)]] | class="infobox-data" |[[Greg Kroah-Hartman]] and [[Kay Sievers]] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap;" |Initial release | class="infobox-data" |November&nbsp;2003<span class="noprint">&#x3B;&#x20;19&nbsp;years ago</span><span style="display:none">&nbsp;(<span class="bday dtstart published updated">2003-11</span>)</span> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap;" |[[Repository (version control)|Repository]] | class="infobox-data" |<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css" /><div class="plainlist"> * github.com/systemd/systemd[[File:OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg|link=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q284236#P1324|alt=Edit this at Wikidata|text-top|class=noprint|frameless|10x10px|Dezie nke a na Wikidata]] </div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap;" |Edere ya | class="infobox-data" |C |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap;" |Usoro ịrụ ọrụ | class="infobox-data" |kernel Linux |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap;" |Ụdị | class="infobox-data" |Ngwunye ngwaọrụ |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap;" |Ikike Ikike | class="infobox-data" |GPLv2 |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap;" |Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ | class="infobox-data" |<span class="official-website"><span class="url">[https://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ gọọmentị]</span></span> |} '''udev''' (userspace /dev) bụ onye njikwa ngwaọrụ maka kernel Linux. Dị ka onye nọchiri devfsd na hotplug, udev na-ejikwa nodes ngwaọrụ na /dev directory. N'otu oge ahụ, udev na-ejikwa ihe omume niile nke ohere onye ọrụ na-ebuli mgbe a na-agbakwunye ngwaọrụ ngwaike n'ime usoro ma ọ bụ wepụ ya, gụnyere ntinye ngwaike dịka ngwaọrụ ụfọdụ chọrọ. == Ihe kpatara ya == Ọ bụ kernel nke sistemụ arụmọrụ nke na-ahụ maka inye interface abstract nke ngwaike na ngwanrọ ndị ọzọ. N'ịbụ kernel monolithic, kernel Linux na-eme kpọmkwem nke ahụ: ndị ọkwọ ụgbọala ngwaọrụ bụ akụkụ nke kernel Linux, ma mejupụtara ihe karịrị ọkara nke koodu isi ya.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.computerworlduk.com/applications/are-top-linux-developers-losing-the-will-to-code-604/|title=Are top Linux developers losing the will to code?|author=Marti|first=Don|work=ComputerworldUK|language=en-GB|accessdate=2016-06-19}}</ref> Enwere ike ịnweta ngwaike site na oku sistemụ ma ọ bụ site na nodes ngwaọrụ ha. Iji nwee ike imeso ngwaọrụ ndị ọzọ nwere ike ịba na hotplug n'ụzọ enyi na enyi, e nyefere akụkụ nke ijikwa ngwaọrụ ngwaike ndị a niile nwere ike ịkwaga na kernel na daemon na-agba ọsọ na oghere onye ọrụ. Ịgba ọsọ na oghere onye ọrụ na-eje ozi nchebe na nkwụsi ike. == Nhazi == Ndị ọkwọ ụgbọala ngwaọrụ bụ akụkụ nke kernel Linux, nke ọrụ ha bụ isi gụnyere nchọpụta ngwaọrụ, ịchọpụta mgbanwe ọnọdụ ngwaọrụ, na ọrụ ngwaike dị ala. Mgbe etinyechara onye ọkwọ ụgbọala ngwaọrụ n'ime ebe nchekwa site na kernel, a na-eziga ihe omume ndị a chọpụtara na ndị ọrụ daemon udevd. Ọ bụ onye njikwa ngwaọrụ, , na-ejide ihe omume ndị a niile wee kpebie ihe ga-eme ọzọ. Maka nke a, nwere usoro nhazi zuru oke, nke onye nchịkwa kọmputa nwere ike idozi, dịka mkpa ha si dị. * Ọ bụrụ na ejikọta ngwaọrụ nchekwa ọhụrụ na USB, kernel na-agwa ma n'onwe ya na-agwa udisksd-daemon. Daemon ahụ nwere ike itinye usoro faịlụ ahụ. * Ọ bụrụ na etinye eriri Ethernet ọhụrụ n'ime Ethernet NIC, kernel na-agwa ma n'onwe ya na-agwa NetworkManager-daemon. NetworkManager-daemon nwere ike ịmalite dhclient maka NIC ahụ, ma ọ bụ hazie dịka ụfọdụ nhazi aka. Mgbagwoju anya nke ime nke a na-amanye ndị na-ede akwụkwọ ngwa iji weghachite usoro nkwado ngwaike. Ụfọdụ ngwaọrụ ngwaike na-achọkwa mmemme enyemaka pụrụ iche iji kwadebe ha maka ojiji. A ghaghị ịkpọtụrụ ndị a n'ụzọ ndị nwere ike ịbụ ihe na-adịghị mma iji gosipụta na ụdị ikikere Unix (dịka ọmụmaatụ, ikwe ka ndị ọrụ sonye na netwọk wireless naanị ma ọ bụrụ na etinye ha na njikwa vidiyo). Ndị na-ede akwụkwọ na-eji binaries setuid ma ọ bụ na-agba ọsọ ọrụ daemons iji nye ha njikwa ohere na nkewa nke ihe ùgwù, nke nwere ike iwebata oghere nchebe oge ọ bụla. E kere HAL iji dozie nke a, mana a na-eleghara ya anya ugbu a n'ọtụtụ nkesa Linux. == Nchịkọta == N'adịghị ka usoro Unix ọdịnala, ebe nodes ngwaọrụ dị na / directory bụ faịlụ kwụ otu ebe, onye njikwa ngwaọrụ Linux udev na-enye naanị nodes maka ngwaọrụ ndị dị na sistemụ. Ọ bụ ezie na devfs na-enye ọrụ yiri nke ahụ, Greg Kroah-Hartman kwuru ọtụtụ ihe kpatara ya maka ịhọrọ udev karịa devfs:<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/kernel/hotplug/udev_vs_devfs|title=udev and devfs - The final word|accessdate=2008-01-24|format=[[Plain text]]|author=Greg Kroah-Hartman|authorlink=Greg Kroah-Hartman|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110709174547/http://kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/kernel/hotplug/udev_vs_devfs|archivedate=2011-07-09}}</ref> * udev na-akwado aha ngwaọrụ na-adịgide adịgide, nke na-adabereghị, dịka ọmụmaatụ, usoro a na-etinye ngwaọrụ n'ime usoro ahụ. Ntọala udev ndabara na-enye aha na-adịgide adịgide maka ngwaọrụ nchekwa. A na-amata diski ike ọ bụla site na id faịlụ ya pụrụ iche, aha diski na ọnọdụ anụ ahụ na ngwaike ọ jikọtara ya. * udev na-arụ ọrụ kpamkpam na oghere onye ọrụ, n'adịghị ka oghere kernel nke devfs. Otu nsonaazụ bụ na udev wepụrụ iwu aha site na kernel ma nwee ike ịme mmemme ọ bụla iji mepụta aha maka ngwaọrụ ahụ site na njirimara ngwaọrụ ahụ, tupu e mepụta node ahụ; n'ebe ahụ, usoro ahụ dum nwekwara ike ịkwụsị ma ọ na-agba ọsọ na obere ihe. Udev, n'ozuzu ya, kewara n'akụkụ atọ: * Library ''libudev'' nke na-enye ohere ịnweta ozi ngwaọrụ; a na-etinye ya n'ime usoro ngwanrọ 183.<ref name=":0" /> * Oghere onye ọrụ daemon nke na-elekọta /dev. * na-ahụ maka iwu nchịkwa maka nchọpụta. Usoro ahụ na-enweta oku site na kernel site na netlink socket. Nsụgharị ndị gara aga jiri [[Hotplug (software)|hotplug]], na-agbakwunye njikọ na /etc/hotplug.d/default na ebumnuche a. == Ọrụ == [[Usòrò:Free_and_open-source-software_display_servers_and_UI_toolkits.svg|thumb|350x350px|e webatara udev na sistemụ 183<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://github.com/systemd/systemd/blob/v183/NEWS|title=systemd/systemd|work=GitHub|accessdate=2016-08-21}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://github.com/systemd/systemd/blob/v183/NEWS "systemd/systemd"]. ''GitHub''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-08-21</span></span>.</cite></ref> ]] udev bụ onye njikwa ngwaọrụ na-agba ọsọ dị ka daemon na usoro Linux ma na-ege ntị (site na netlink socket) na ihe omume kernel na-eziga ma ọ bụrụ na a malitere ngwaọrụ ọhụrụ ma ọ bụ wepụ ngwaọrụ na usoro ahụ. Ngwongwo udev na-abịa na usoro iwu dị ukwuu nke kwekọrọ na ụkpụrụ mbupụ nke ihe omume ahụ na ihe onwunwe nke ngwaọrụ ahụ achọpụtara. Iwu kwekọrọ na ya ga-enwe ike ịkpọ aha ma mepụta eriri ngwaọrụ ma na-agba ọsọ mmemme a haziri ahazi iji guzobe ma hazie ngwaọrụ ahụ. Iwu udev nwere ike dabara na njirimara dịka subsystem kernel, aha ngwaọrụ kernel, ọnọdụ anụ ahụ nke ngwaọrụ ahụ, ma ọ bụ njirimara dịka nọmba usoro ngwaọrụ ahụ. Iwu nwekwara ike ịrịọ ozi site na mmemme mpụga iji kpọọ ngwaọrụ aha ma ọ bụ kọwaa aha omenala nke ga-abụ otu mgbe niile, n'agbanyeghị usoro ahụ chọpụtara ngwaọrụ. N'oge gara aga, ụzọ a na-ejikarị udev na usoro Linux bụ ikwe ka o zipụ ihe omume site na oghere na HAL, nke ga-eme ihe ndị ọzọ gbasara ngwaọrụ. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, HAL ga-agwa ngwanrọ ndị ọzọ na-agba ọsọ na sistemụ ahụ na ngwaike ọhụrụ ahụ abịala site n'inye ozi mgbasa ozi na usoro D-Bus IPC na usoro niile nwere mmasị. N'ụzọ dị otú a, desktọọpụ ndị dị ka GNOME ma ọ bụ K Desktop Environment 3 nwere ike ịmalite ihe nchọgharị faịlụ iji nyochaa usoro faịlụ nke draịvụ USB flash ọhụrụ na kaadị SD. Ka ọ na-erule n'etiti afọ 2011, ọtụtụ nkesa Linux na gburugburu desktọọpụ KDE, GNOME na Xfce<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://gezeiten.org/pre-2014/post/2010/01/Thunar-volman-and-the-deprecation-of-HAL|title=Thunar-volman and the deprecation of HAL in Xfce|date=2010-01-17|accessdate=2017-12-25|archivedate=2017-12-26|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171226020945/http://gezeiten.org/pre-2014/post/2010/01/Thunar-volman-and-the-deprecation-of-HAL}}</ref>, n'etiti ndị ọzọ, emeela ka HAL ghara ịdị mma.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://wiki.debian.org/HALRemoval|title=HALRemoval|date=2011-06-28|accessdate=2011-09-13|archivedate=2011-11-26|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111126213222/http://wiki.debian.org/HALRemoval}}</ref> A na-etinye ọrụ nke a na-etinye na HAL n'ime udev n'onwe ya, ma ọ bụ kwaga na ngwanrọ dị iche iche dị ka udisks na upower. * udev na-enye ohere dị ala na osisi ngwaọrụ linux. Na-enye ohere mmemme ịgụpụta ngwaọrụ na ihe onwunwe ha ma nweta ọkwa mgbe ngwaọrụ na-abịa ma na-aga. * dbus bụ usoro iji nye ohere ka mmemme na ibe ha kwurịta okwu, n'enweghị nsogbu, nke a pụrụ ịdabere na ya, yana interface mmemme dị elu. * udisks (nke a maara n'oge gara aga dị ka DeviceKit-disks) bụ daemon nke na-anọdụ n'elu libudev na interface kernel ndị ọzọ ma na-enye interface dị elu na ngwaọrụ nchekwa ma nwee ike ịnweta site na dbus na ngwa. * upower (nke a maara n'oge gara aga dị ka DeviceKit-ike) bụ daemon nke na-anọdụ n'elu libudev na interface kernel ndị ọzọ ma na-enye interface dị elu maka njikwa ike ma nwee ike ịnweta site na dbus maka ngwa. * NetworkManager bụ daemon nke na-anọdụ n'elu libudev na interface kernel ndị ọzọ (na daemons ndị ọzọ) ma na-enye interface dị elu maka nhazi na nhazi netwọk ma nwee ike ịnweta site na dbus na ngwa.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://lists.freedesktop.org/archives/dbus/2010-April/012545.html|title=Relationship between udev, hal, Dbus and DeviceKit?|date=2010-04-25|author=Lennart Poettering}}</ref> udev na-enweta ozi site na kernel, ma na-enyefe ha na subsystem daemons dị ka Network Manager. Ngwa na-agwa Network Manager okwu na D-Bus. : <chem>Kernel -> udev -> Network Manager <=> D-Bus <=> Firefox</chem> HAL bụ ihe mgbe ochie ma jiri ya mee ihe naanị site na koodu ihe nketa. Ubuntu 10.04 buuru na-enweghị HAL. Na mbido, a haziri DeviceKit ọhụrụ iji dochie akụkụ ụfọdụ nke HAL, mana na Machị 2009, e wepụrụ DeviceKit iji gbakwunye otu koodu ahụ na udev dị ka ngwugwu: udev-extras, na ọrụ ụfọdụ agafeela ugbu a na udev kwesịrị ekwesị. == Akụkọ ihe mere eme == e webatara udev na Linux 2.5. Linux kernel version 2.6.13 webatara ma ọ bụ melite ụdị ọhụrụ nke interface uevent. Usoro na-eji ụdị ọhụrụ nke u agaghị amalite na kernels karịrị 2.6.13 ọ gwụla ma e nwere nkwarụ udev ma jiri ndekọ ọdịnala /dev maka ịnweta ngwaọrụ.   N'afọ 2012, ọrụ Gentoo Linux mepụtara fork nke sistemd's udev codebase iji zere ịdabere na usoro sistemd. A na-akpọ fork a na-enweta ''eudev'' ma ọ na-eme ka ọrụ udev dị na-enweghị sistemụ. Ebumnuche ekwupụtara nke ọrụ ahụ bụ iji mee ka eudev ghara ịnwe onwe ya na nkesa Linux ọ bụla ma ọ bụ usoro init.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://github.com/gentoo/eudev/blob/master/README.md|title=gentoo/eudev – README.md|work=[[GitHub]]|accessdate=2017-12-25}}</ref> Ọrụ Gentoo na-akọwa eudev dị ka ndị a:<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/Project:Eudev|title=Gentoo Linux Projects – Gentoo eudev project|accessdate=2017-12-25|archivedate=2015-09-04|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150904074508/https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/Project:Eudev}}</ref>   Na Mee 29, 2014, e wepụrụ nkwado maka ntinye ngwa ngwa site na udev site na systemd, ebe ọ bụ na e kpebiri na ọ bụ ọrụ kernel ibudata ngwa ngwa.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://lists.freedesktop.org/archives/systemd-devel/2014-May/019587.html|title=[systemd-devel] [PATCH] Drop the udev firmware loader|date=2014-05-29}}</ref> Ụbọchị abụọ ka e mesịrị, Lennart Poettering tụrụ aro ka e yigharịa patch a ruo mgbe udev malitere iji kdbus mee ihe; n'oge ahụ, atụmatụ ahụ bụ ịgbanwe udev iji kdbus dị ka usoro ozi dị n'okpuru, na iwepụ ụgbọ njem netlink dabeere na onye ọrụ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://lists.freedesktop.org/archives/systemd-devel/2014-May/019657.html|title=[systemd-devel] [PATCH] Drop the udev firmware loader|date=2014-05-31}}</ref> == Ndị dere ya == Greg Kroah-Hartman na Kay Sievers mepụtara udev, site na enyemaka dị ukwuu site na [[Dan Stekloff]], na ndị ọzọ. == Ihe odide == {{Reflist|30em}} == Njikọ mpụga ==   * Official website {{Linux kernel}} [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 8jrig4uh9y82ibggkc6qdjm9uf33a5e 0 30513 644310 175543 2026-05-30T20:51:41Z Neme244 16387 added DEFAULTSORT 644310 wikitext text/x-wiki   {{Databox}}Dr. Emmanuel Eweta Uduaghan (amụrụ na 22 Ọktoba 1954) bụ onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Naijiria lara ezumike nká na dọkịta jere ozi dị ka Gọvanọ nke Delta State site na 2007 ruo 2015.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-09-28|title='I'm back home' -- Uduaghan defects from APC to PDP|url=https://www.thecable.ng/im-back-home-uduaghan-defects-from-apc-to-pdp|accessdate=2022-03-04|work=TheCable|language=en-US}}</ref> Ọ malitere ọrụ site na [[2007 Nigerian general election|ntuli aka na-enweghị]] nkwubi okwu na 29 Mee 2007 ma bụrụ onye otu People's Democratic Party (PDP). A họpụtara ya ọzọ n'afọ 2011. Dọkịta na-ahụ maka ahụike site na ọrụ, tupu ọ bụrụ gọvanọ, ọ bụ Kọmishọna maka ahụike, [[Ȯra Delta|Delta]] State na odeakwụkwọ nke Gọọmentị Steeti.<ref name="self">{{Cite web|url=http://www.deltastate.gov.ng/the%20governor.htm|title=THE EXECUTIVE GOVERNOR|publisher=Delta State Government|accessdate=2009-12-29|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100424230620/http://deltastate.gov.ng/the%20governor.htm|archivedate=2010-04-24}}</ref> == Ihe ndị mere n'oge gara aga == A mụrụ Emmanuel Eweta Uduaghan na 22 Ọktoba 1954 na [[Warri North]] Local Government Area na Delta State nke Itsekiri. Ọ gara Federal Government College, Warri (1968-1974), na [[University of Benin (Nigeria)|Mahadum]] Benin (1975-1980) na-enweta nzere Bachelor of Medicine and Surgery (MBBS), na Diploma na Anaesthesia. Ọ lụrụ nwanyị, nwere ụmụ abụọ.<ref name="self"/> Emmanuel Uduaghan malitere ịrụ ọrụ na 1983 na Delta Steel Company, dị ka onye ọrụ ahụike. Site na 1989 ruo 1994, ọ rụrụ ọrụ n'ọtụtụ ụlọ ọgwụ gụnyere Westend Hospital, [[Warri]]; Benoni Hospitals, Benin City na Shell Hospital, Ogunu, ebe ọ bụ onye ndụmọdụ anesthesiologist. N'afọ 1994, o guzobere ụlọ ọrụ ahụike onwe onye. O nweela ọkwa dị iche iche na Nigerian Medical Association na Warri, Bendel State na Delta State. Ọ na-arụkwa ọrụ na Junior Chamber International (Jaycees) nzukọ mmepe ndu.<ref name="self"/> == Ọrụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị == Emmanuel Uduaghan bụ onye guzobere na onye isi oche nke All Nigeria Congress Association maka Warri South Local Government Area, onye guzobere ma bụrụ onye isi nke Grassroots Democratic Movement (GDM), na onye guzobere PDP. N'abalị isii n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ n'afọ 1999, Gọvanọ Delta Steeti James Onanefe Ibori họpụtara Emmanuel Uduaghan dị ka Kọmishọna maka Ahụike, Delta Steeti. N'ọnọdụ a, ọ meziwanyere ụgwọ ọrụ nke ndị ọrụ ahụike ma melite akụrụngwa. Na 6 June 2003, a họpụtara Uduaghan ka ọ bụrụ odeakwụkwọ nke Gọọmentị Delta State.<ref name="self"/> N'ọnwa Nọvemba afọ 2008, Uduaghan na Chief Justice [[Rosaline Bozimo]] kwadoro nguzobe ụlọ ikpe mkpofu iji kpụpụ ndị na-emebi iwu mkpofu na steeti ahụ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://media.deltastateonline.com/newsstory/16/316/DSTG_Commended_for_Setting_up_Sanitation_Mobile_Courts_.html|title=DSTG Commended for Setting up Sanitation Mobile Courts.|publisher=Ministry of Information, Delta state|date=2008-11-26|accessdate=2010-02-23|archivedate=2022-03-31|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220331003925/http://media.deltastateonline.com/newsstory/16/316/DSTG_Commended_for_Setting_up_Sanitation_Mobile_Courts_.html}}</ref> Uduaghan gbara ọsọ ọzọ maka gọvanọ na ntuli aka nke 26 Eprel 2011, a họpụtakwara ya ọzọ. O nwetara vootu 525,793, ebe Chief Great Ogboru nke Democratic People's Party (DPP) bụ onye nke abụọ na vootu 433,834. N'abalị iri abụọ na itoolu n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ afọ 2018, o kwupụtara na ya ahapụla PDP maka APC.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Emmanuel Uduaghan explains why he dumped PDP for APC|url=https://guardian.ng/news/emmanuel-uduaghan-explains-why-he-dumped-pdp-for-apc/|date=2018-08-29|work=The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News|language=en-US|accessdate=2020-05-17|archivedate=2022-10-28|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20221028152719/https://guardian.ng/news/emmanuel-uduaghan-explains-why-he-dumped-pdp-for-apc/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://guardian.ng/news/emmanuel-uduaghan-explains-why-he-dumped-pdp-for-apc/|work=guardian.ng|accessdate=2020-05-17|title=Emmanuel Uduaghan explains why he dumped PDP for APC|date=29 August 2018|archivedate=2022-10-28|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20221028152719/https://guardian.ng/news/emmanuel-uduaghan-explains-why-he-dumped-pdp-for-apc/}}</ref> Otú ọ dị, na 2020, ọ laghachiri na PDP.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Ex-governor Of Delta State, Uduaghan, Dumps APC, Returns To PDP {{!}} Sahara Reporters|url=https://saharareporters.com/2020/09/28/ex-governor-delta-state-uduaghan-dumps-apc-returns-pdp|accessdate=2023-03-09|work=saharareporters.com}}</ref> N'afọ 2022, ọ kwupụtara ezumike nká ya na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2022-03-24|title=Uduaghan retires from politics, canvasses roles for traditional rulers|url=https://punchng.com/uduaghan-retires-from-politics-canvasses-roles-for-traditional-rulers/|accessdate=2023-03-09|work=Punch Newspapers|language=en-US}}</ref> == Ndụ onwe onye == Nwunye ya, Roli, bụ nwa nwanyị Brig. General Sunny E. Tuoyo (Rtd), onye otu oge Military Administrator nke Ondo State.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Alex Eyengho|date=7 April 2007|title=AJA MO KIN AGHAN|url=http://www.warrimirrornet.com/think_itsekiri.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120218095307/http://www.warrimirrornet.com/think_itsekiri.html|archivedate=18 February 2012|accessdate=2009-12-29|publisher=Warri Mirror}}</ref> == Hụkwa == * Ndepụta nke ndị gọvanọ nke Delta State == Edensibia == {{Reflist}}{{DeltaStateGovernors}}{{Nigerian state governors 2007-2011 term}}{{Nigerian state governors 2011-2015 term}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Uduaghan, Emmanuel Eweta}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 25gcnkcnzi1vlny8ssoa84brvnj2x9l 0 30552 644359 212969 2026-05-30T22:01:08Z Iwuala chisom 17246 Added {{DEFAULTSORT}} 644359 wikitext text/x-wiki <references group="" responsive="1"></references>{{Databox}} '''Elizabeth''' Lesser bụ onye nchoputa na onye ndụmọdụ ukwu nke Omega Institute, nnukwu ụlọ akwụkwọ agụmakwụkwọ ndị okenye na ụdị nke ụwa họrọ site n'ime ụmụ ndị ikom abụọ igbu onye ọ bụla n'ime anyị na na United States na-elekwasị anya na ahụike, ahụike, ime mmụọ na ihe okike.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.oprah.com/oprahsbookclub/Elizabeth-Lessers-Biography|title=Bio|work=www.oprah.com|accessdate=2019-07-04|archivedate=2021-03-19|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210319042533/https://www.oprah.com/oprahsbookclub/elizabeth-lessers-biography}}</ref> Ọ bụ onye dere ''Broken Open''<ref>{{Cite book|title=Broken Open: How Difficult Times Can Help Us Grow: Elizabeth Lesser|isbn=0375759913|author=Lesser|first=Elizabeth|year=2005}}</ref>: How Difficult Times Can Help Us Grow na A Seeker's Guide: Making Your Life a Spiritual Adventure.<ref>{{Cite book|author=ElizabethLesser (Author)|url=https://www.amazon.com/Seekers-Guide-Spiritual-Adventure-Elizabeth/dp/B00DEK5D1Y/|title=The Seeker's Guide: Making Your Life a Spiritual Adventure by Elizabeth Lesser (Oct 3 2000)|date=31 October 2000|publisher=VillardBooks|accessdate=2019-07-04}}</ref> Ruo ihe karịrị afọ 30, Lesser amụọla ma soro ndị isi na ngalaba ọgwụgwọ, mmepe ime mmụọ na mgbanwe ọdịbendị rụọ ọrụ. Ọrụ ya na Omega gụnyere iduzi nzukọ ahụ, nyocha usoro mmụta, ịkpa ákwà, ịkụzi na ide akwụkwọ Omega kwa afọ, akwụkwọ ntụaka nke na-akọwa ọrụ nke ụfọdụ ndị na-eche échichè nke ụwa họrọ site n'ime ụmụ ndị ikom abụọ ahụ na ihe niile nke obodo ndị mmadụ n'ihe ndị mere na ndị na-eme ihe n'oge anyị. O kesara ọrụ ya na nkuzi ya na TED<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ted.com/speakers/elizabeth_lesser|title=Elizabeth Lesser &#124; Speaker|publisher=TED|date=|accessdate=2019-07-04}}</ref> na [[Oprah Winfrey|Oprah's]] Super Soul Sunday.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/04/25/elizabeth-lesser-oprah-turning-60_n_5214592.html|title=Elizabeth Lesser And Oprah Discuss What's Special About Turning 60|publisher=|work=Huffington Post|date=25 April 2014|accessdate=2019-07-04}}</ref> Lesser gara Barnard College na San Francisco State University. Tupu Omega, ọ bụ onye na-amụ nwa na onye nkuzi ọmụmụ. Ọ na-arụsi ọrụ ike na nsogbu gburugburu ebe obibi ruo ọtụtụ afọ na Ndagwurugwu Hudson nke New York, ebe ya na di ya bi. Ọ bụ nne nke ụmụ nwoke atọ. == Edensibịa == {{DEFAULTSORT:Obere, Elizabeth}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] bvj62p6k9cia70ncg6d94d9j67rtv86 0 30591 644254 207760 2026-05-30T19:49:56Z Wikipedian12512(alt) 61413 ce 644254 wikitext text/x-wiki Air Commandant '''Dame Veronica Margaret Ashworth''', DBE, RRC (25 Disemba 1910- 12 Jenụwarị 1977) bụ onye nọọsụ Britain, onye na-amụ nwa, na onye ọrụ Royal Air Force. Site na 1963 ruo 1966, ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka Matron-in-Chief nke Princess Mary's Royal Air Force Nursing Service.<ref name="WWW">{{Cite web|title=Ashworth, Air Commandant Dame Veronica Margaret|url=https://www.ukwhoswho.com/view/10.1093/ww/9780199540891.001.0001/ww-9780199540884-e-151853|work=[[Who Was Who]]|publisher=Oxford University Press|accessdate=11 March 2020|language=en|doi=10.1093/ww/9780199540884.013.u151853|date=1 December 2007}}</ref><ref name="obit T">{{Cite news|title=Dame Veronica Ashworth|work=The Times|date=14 January 1977|page=18}}</ref> == Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ == A mụrụ Ashworth na 25 Disemba 1910.<ref name="WWW">{{Cite web|title=Ashworth, Air Commandant Dame Veronica Margaret|url=https://www.ukwhoswho.com/view/10.1093/ww/9780199540891.001.0001/ww-9780199540884-e-151853|work=[[Who Was Who]]|publisher=Oxford University Press|accessdate=11 March 2020|language=en|doi=10.1093/ww/9780199540884.013.u151853|date=1 December 2007}}</ref> Ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ na St Katharine's School, ụlọ akwụkwọ onwe onye ụmụ nwanyị ekwentị mkpanaaka onye isi oche nke ọkụ na ọkwá ndị mmadụ n'ihe ndị mere n'oge niile dị na Wantage, Oxfordshire.<ref name="obit T">{{Cite news|title=Dame Veronica Ashworth|work=The Times|date=14 January 1977|page=18}}</ref> Ọ zụrụ dị ka onye nọọsụ na St Bartholomew's Hospital, London site na 1930, ọ ghọrọ onye nọọchị edebanyere aha na steeti (SRN) na 1934, wee kwaga Leeds Maternity Hospital, bụrụ onye na-amụ nwa (SCM) na 1935.<ref name="WWW" /> == Ọrụ agha == Ashworth sonyeere Princess Mary's Royal Air Force Nursing Service (PMRAFNS) n'afọ 1936, mgbe ọzụzụ gasịrị, a họpụtara ya ka ọ rụọ ọrụ na-adịgide adịgide na 1 Eprel 1937. N'oge [[World War II|Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ]], ọ rụrụ ọrụ na Algiers, Tunisia na Ịtali, na ụlọ ọgwụ na-agagharị agagharị.<ref name="obit T">{{Cite news|title=Dame Veronica Ashworth|work=The Times|date=14 January 1977|page=18}}</ref> Ashworth jere ozi dị ka onye isi ụlọ ọgwụ na RAF Wroughton na RAF Uxbridge na England, na RAF Fayid na Egypt.<ref name="obit T">{{Cite news|title=Dame Veronica Ashworth|work=The Times|date=14 January 1977|page=18}}</ref> E nyere ya ọrụ na-adịgide adịgide na Royal Air Force na 1 Febụwarị 1949 na ọkwa onye isi ụgbọ elu. A kwalitere ya ka ndị mmadụ n'ihe ndị mere n'oge ochie nakwa n'oge kwesịrị ekwesị aha na ngalaba aha si nọrọ anyị nso n'ebe ndị mmadụ n'ihe ndị mere ọ bụrụ onye isi ala na 1 Jenụwarị 1958, na onye isi otu na 1 Jenị 1961. N'ụbọchị nke anọ n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ n'afọ 1963, a họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ onye isi nke Royal Air Force Nursing Service nke Princess Mary ma mee ya onye na-anọchite anya onye isi ụgbọelu. A kwalitere ya ka ọ bụrụ onye isi ụgbọelu n'ụbọchị mbụ n'ọnwa Septemba n'afọ 1963. Ọ kwụsịrị ọrụ dị ka Matron-in-Chief na 1966, wee laa ezumike nká na Royal Air Force.<ref name="WWW">{{Cite web|title=Ashworth, Air Commandant Dame Veronica Margaret|url=https://www.ukwhoswho.com/view/10.1093/ww/9780199540891.001.0001/ww-9780199540884-e-151853|work=[[Who Was Who]]|publisher=Oxford University Press|accessdate=11 March 2020|language=en|doi=10.1093/ww/9780199540884.013.u151853|date=1 December 2007}}</ref> Na 1959 Queen's Birthday Honours, a họpụtara Ashworth dị ka onye otu Royal Red Cross, First Class (RRC). E mere ya Nọọsụ Nwanyị Eze Nwanyị (QHNS) na 1 Septemba 1963. Na 1964 New Year Honours, a họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ [[Order of the British Empire|Dame Commander]] of the Order of the British Empire (DBE). == Ntụaka == <references responsive="1"></references> 6ngg5kkdy0uzgrq6178x9z5fwgjwr7m 0 30705 643961 129511 2026-05-30T12:08:59Z Philip Emeka 16124 fixed reference errors 643961 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} Tunde King (amụrụ 24 Ọgọst 1910), bụ onye egwu Naijiria nke ekwuru dị ka onye malitere egwu Jùjú. O nwere mmetụta dị ukwuu n'egwú ndị Nigeria na-ewu ewu. Lagos na 1920s na 1930s jupụtara na ngwakọta nke ndị Yoruba na ndị si na New World lọta. Ha jikọrọ aka mepụta ụdị egwu akpọrọ "Palm Wine" nke jikọtara egwu ọdịnala [[Ndi Yoruba|Yoruba]] na okwu egwu sitere na mba ndị dị ka Brazil na Cuba. Banjos, guitar, shakers na drum aka kwadoro abụ ndị na-ekwu maka ndụ kwa ụbọchị.<ref name="natgeo">{{Cite web|url=http://worldmusic.nationalgeographic.com/view/page.basic/genre/content.genre/juju_740/en_US|title=Juju music|publisher=National Geographic|accessdate=2009-11-01|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110104204654/http://worldmusic.nationalgeographic.com/view/page.basic/genre/content.genre/juju_740/en_US|archivedate=4 January 2011}}</ref> Egwú Jùjú bụ ụdị egwu Palm Wine nke malitere na mpaghara [[Olowogbowo]] nke Lagos n'afọ 1920, n'ụlọ ọrụ na-arụ ọrụ n'ụgbọ ala ebe "ụmụ nwoke mpaghara" na-ezukọta iji ṅụọ ma mee egwu. Tunde King bụ onye ndú nke otu a.<ref>{{Cite journal|title=A diachronic study of change in Juju music|journal=Popular Music|volume=8|issue=3|pages=231–242|author=Afolabi Alaja-Browne|year=1989}}</ref> == Ndụ == A mụrụ Abdulrafiu Babatunde King na mpaghara Olowogbowo nke Saro na-achịkwa n'àgwàetiti Lagos na 24 Ọgọst 1910. Ọ bụ nwa Ibrahim Sanni King, onye otu [[Ndi áláküba|ndị Alakụba]] Saro. Nna ya bụ onye isi odeakwụkwọ nke Native Court na Ilaro, ma biri ruo oge ụfọdụ na Fourah Bay, [[Sierra Leone]].<ref name="waterman">{{Cite book|title=Jùjú: a social history and ethnography of an African popular music|url=https://archive.org/details/jjsocialhistorye0000wate|author=Christopher Alan Waterman|publisher=University of Chicago Pressed|year=1990|isbn=978-0-226-87465-4}}</ref> Tunde King gara ụlọ akwụkwọ praịmarị Metọdist na Eko Boys High School. Otu nwa akwụkwọ ibe ya kụziiri ya ịkpọ ụbọ akwara, ọ ghọkwara onye isi otu "ụmụ nwoke mpaghara" nke nọ n'ụlọ ahịa onye na-arụ ọrụ na West Balogun Street. Ìgwè ahụ kwuru okwu, ṅụọ biya ma bụrụ abụ, tinyere ngwá egwú ndị a na-eme n'oge na-adịghị anya. Ka ọ na-erule 1929, King nwere ọrụ ụkọchukwu ma na-arụkwa ọrụ nwa oge dị ka onye na-agụ egwú na onye na-akpọ ụbọ akwara na mmadụ atọ gụnyere [[Égwu ahiri|ụbọ akhara]], samba na maracas, mgbe e mesịrị gbanwee na tambourine, guitar-banjo. na jaker (shaker). Ka ọ na-erule n'etiti afọ 1930, ọ nwere ihe ịga nke ọma, na ọtụtụ ndekọ na mgbasa ozi redio, mana ọ ka na-adabere na arụmọrụ dị ndụ iji nweta ihe oriri, mgbe mgbe na mmemme onwe onye.<ref name="waterman" /> Dịka ọmụmaatụ, King gbara egwu na nzaghachi nke dọkịta a ma ama Oguntola Sapara na June 1935.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gB1ULjMsVdkC&pg=PA55|title=Ethnomusicology and modern music history|author=Stephen Blum|publisher=University of Illinois Press|year=1993|isbn=978-0-252-06343-5}}</ref> Mgbe Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ tiwapụrụ na 1939, Tunde King sonyeere ndị Merchant Marines. Ọ laghachiri Lagos n'afọ 1941, wee pụọ n'anya maka afọ iri na otu sochirinụ. A chọtara ya ọzọ na-egwuri egwu na ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri Francophone dị ka Conakry na Dakar, wee laghachi Lagos na 1954. Ọ nwụrụ n'afọ ndị 1980.<ref name="waterman" /> == Egwú == Ụdị egwu Jùjú nke guitar na-agwakọta ihe ndị Afrịka dịka Yoruba na-ekwu okwu na mmetụta Western na Afro-Cuban.<ref name="rounder" />Tunde King na-ekwu na aha "Jùjú" n'onwe ya malitere mgbe ọ zụrụ ụbọ akwara n'ụlọ ahịa Salvation Army, nke o nyere onye na-akụ ya Samba. Onye na-akụ ọkpọ ahụ mepụtara ụdị dị egwu nke gụnyere ịtụba ọkpọkọ n'ime ikuku ma jide ya, nke ndị na-ege ntị kpọrọ Jù-jú, na-emegharị okwu Yoruba maka "ịtụba" na ụda olu.<ref name="glendora" />{{Cite web|url=http://archive.lib.msu.edu/DMC/African%20Journals/pdfs/glendora%20review/vol3no2/graa003002007.pdf|title=Palm Wine is Truly Old or New|publisher=Glendora Review Vol 3 No.2|accessdate=2009-11-01}}</ref> Ndị atọ ya gbasaa n'ime quartet, na King na guitar-banjo isii na olu, Ishola Caxton Martins na jenti (gourde rattle), Ahmeed Lamidi George na tambourine na Sanya ("Snake") Johnson na tomtom na olu nkwado. Ndị otu ahụ mepụtara ụda dị nro nke kwadoro guitar na olu na-aga n'ihu n'ụzọ dị mfe.<ref name="guardian">{{Cite web|url=http://www.odili.net/news/source/2008/apr/2/4.html|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20130221214106/http://www.odili.net/news/source/2008/apr/2/4.html|archivedate=21 February 2013|title=Salute to Tunde King, pioneer of juju music|author=Benson Idonije|date=2 April 2008|publisher=The Guardian|accessdate=2009-11-02}}</ref> N'afọ ndị 1930, Naịjirịa bụ ógbè ndị Britain. Onye Naijiria nwere ike ịga ebe ahụ, mana ọ gaghị aga n'ihu, na gọọmentị ma ọ bụ na azụmaahịa, n'agbanyeghị ikike ma ọ bụ iru eru. Tunde King gosipụtara mmetụta na-ewu ewu n'abụ ya. N'ime "Oba Oyinbo", o mere emume ịrịgo nke Eze George nke Isii nke Britain, na-ekwu n'ụzọ dị jụụ "Anyị nwere nna . Eze George bụ nna anyị. Nwoke ọcha Cameron (gọvanọ) bụ nna anyị.." N'abụ ndị a na-edeghị, ọ gara n'ihu, na-ekwupụta iwe n'ụzọ doro anya. Abụ "Soja Idunmota" na-akọwa ihe ncheta nke onye agha ọcha na onye na-ebu ya, onye isi ya na-akwụnye ala, na-asị "N'ụzọ obi ọjọọ, ha echefu ụmụ mmadụ". N'abụ "Eti Joluwe" o kwuru na ọ ka mma maka ndị Yoruba ịrụ ọrụ maka onwe ha karịa maka gọọmentị.<ref name="waterman" /> == Ihe ndekọ == Parlophone nke otu EMI mere egwu Jùjú, malite na 1936, wepụtara na diski shellac 78rpm. Tunde King wepụtara ọtụtụ n'ime ihe ndekọ ndị a gụnyere "Eko Akete" na "Oba Oyinbo" ("Eze Europe"). A kwụrụ ya naanị obere ego iji dekọọ ntọhapụ ọ bụla, ma nweta obere ego site na royalties. Otú ọ dị, ihe ndekọ ahụ dị mkpa iji guzobe aha ya.<ref name="waterman" /><ref name="glendora">{{Cite web|url=http://archive.lib.msu.edu/DMC/African%20Journals/pdfs/glendora%20review/vol3no2/graa003002007.pdf|title=Palm Wine is Truly Old or New|publisher=Glendora Review Vol 3 No.2|accessdate=2009-11-01}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[http://archive.lib.msu.edu/DMC/African%20Journals/pdfs/glendora%20review/vol3no2/graa003002007.pdf "Palm Wine is Truly Old or New"] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Glendora Review Vol 3 No.2<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 November</span> 2009</span>.</cite></ref> Ihe ndekọ ndị ọzọ gụnyere "Sapara ti sajule orun", "Dunia (Ameda) " na "Ojuola lojo agan". N'ozuzu, o mere ihe karịrị ndekọ 30.<ref name="guardian" /> Abụọ n'ime ihe ndekọ ya, "Oba Oyinbo" na "Dunia" gụnyere na CD ''Juju'' Roots: 1930s-1950s, nke Rounder Records wepụtara na Jenụwarị 1985.<ref name=rounder>{{cite web|url=http://www.rounder.com/index.php?id=album.php&catalog_id=4115 |title=Juju Roots: 1930s-1950s |publisher=Rounder Records |access-date=2009-11-01 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060524081717/http://www.rounder.com/index.php?id=album.php&catalog_id=4115 |archive-date=24 May 2006 }}</ref> == Ihe Nketa == Egwú Tunde King metụtara ndị ọgbọ ya, yana ndị na-egwu egwu mgbe e mesịrị dị ka Akanbi Ege, Ayinde Bakare, Tunde Nightingale na Ojoge Daniel na 1940s, ndị na-akpọ egwu na 1960s dị ka King Sunny Adé na Chief Commander Ebenezer Obey, bụ ndị webatara ụbọ eletrik, kpakpando 1970s dị ka General Prince Adekunle ma gaa n'ihu na-enwe mmetụta dị ukwuu n'ime afọ 1980, mgbe kpakpando [[Dị ka Adewale si kwuo|dị ka]] [[Sir Shina Peters]] na Segun Adewale na-akpọ ụdị Jùjú nke oge a.<ref name="rounder" /> == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}}{{Authority control}} r4dkcsjqis7o9wv1ou3b4p1tue5gy2b 0 30723 643962 451670 2026-05-30T12:13:28Z Philip Emeka 16124 fixed reference error 643962 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}   '''Tunde Owolabi''' (amụrụ na 26 Julaị 1995) bụ onye Belgium na-agba bọọlụ nke na-agba ọsọ dị ka [[Footbọl|onye]] na-agbachitere otu egwuregwu League of Ireland Premier Division Cork City . == Mmalite na ndụ onwe onye == Nna Owolabi bụ onye Naijiria bụ Ganiyu bụkwa onye na-agba bọọlụ.<ref name="auto">{{Cite web|url=https://www.burytimes.co.uk/sport/football/radcliffeboro/17673876.tunde-setting-radcliffes-sights-higher-after-promotion/|title=Tunde setting Radcliffe's sights higher after promotion|work=Bury Times}}</ref> A mụrụ ya ma zụlite ya na Antwerp, ebe nna ya na-egwuri egwu n'oge ahụ maka Royal Antwerp. Owolabi gbara bọọlụ maka klọb Belgian Royal Cappellen's under 17 tupu ezinụlọ ahụ akwaga England na 2012, mgbe ọ dị afọ 18.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.buzz.ie/sport/soccer/finn-harps-striker-tunde-owolabi-24259438|title=Finn Harps star Tunde Owolabi on his journey from non league to Ballybofey|first=Mark|author=McCadden|date=6 June 2021|work=Buzz.ie}}</ref> == Ọrụ == Owolabi gbara bọọlụ maka otu FC United nke Manchester n'oge afọ 2013-14.<ref name="auto1">{{Cite web|url=http://fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=8474|title=FC United of Manchester – News Story|work=fc-utd.co.uk|accessdate=2023-10-01|archivedate=2021-01-11|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210111235018/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=8474}}</ref> Ọ gbara bọọlụ maka New Mills, si n'aka ha kwaga Hyde United na Febụwarị 2017.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://nonleaguedaily.com/hyde-bring-in-owolabi/|title=Hyde bring in Owolabi &#124; Non League Daily}}</ref> Ka ọ na-erule n'ọnwa Disemba afọ 2017 ọ gbara bọọlụ maka Prescot Cables (ugboro abụọ), Stalybridge Celtic na Glossop North End.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://nonleague.pitchero.com/headlines/owolabi-returns-cables/|title=Owolabi Returns To Cables|date=22 December 2017}}</ref> Mgbe ọ kwagara Skelmersdale United na Febụwarị 2018, n'enwetaghị akara na egwuregwu 10, ọ gbara Radcliffe bọọlụ, gbaa goolu iri abụọ na isii n'afọ 2018-19, nke mere ka o nweta onyinye Supporters Player Award site na Northern Premier League Player Awards.<ref name="Skem">{{Cite web|url=https://www.pitchero.com/clubs/skelmersdaleunited/teams/27854/player/tunde-owolabi-1992192/47837|title=Tunde Owolabi – Skelmersdale United F.C. First Team|work=www.pitchero.com}}</ref><ref name="auto"/><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thenpl.co.uk/201819-npl-roll-of-honour-57409|title=2018/19 NPL Roll of Honour|work=thenpl.co.uk|date=18 June 2019|accessdate=1 October 2023|archivedate=9 November 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20231109182221/https://www.thenpl.co.uk/201819-npl-roll-of-honour-57409}}</ref> Ọ hapụrụ Radcliffe n'oge ọkọchị nke afọ 2019 iji kwaga Malta, iji sonye na Victoria Hotspurs<ref>{{Cite web|title=Victoria Hotspurs sign Tunde Owolabi|date=6 August 2019|url=https://www.victoriahotspursfc.com/2019/08/victoria-hotspurs-sign-tunde-owolabi|publisher=Victoria Hotspurs|accessdate=24 August 2020}}</ref> tupu ọ laghachi England n'oge okpomọkụ ahụ, na-etinye aka na FC United nke Manchester n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ 2019.<ref name="auto1" /> Ọ bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta ọhụrụ na klọb ahụ na Nọvemba 2019.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=8544|title=FC United of Manchester – News Story|work=fc-utd.co.uk}}</ref> Ọ gbara goolu 35 na egwuregwu 41 na asọmpi niile maka klọb ahụ n'oge oge 2019-20.<ref name="FCUM">{{Cite web|url=http://www.fcunited.ru/en/profiles/owolabi_tunde/|title=FC United of Manchester – Profile – Tunde Owolabi|work=www.fcunited.ru|accessdate=2023-10-01|archivedate=2021-10-23|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211023134440/http://fcunited.ru/en/profiles/owolabi_tunde/}}</ref> Ọ bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta otu afọ na klọb Scottish Hamilton Academical na Julaị 2020, ebe ọ bụ na ejikọtara ya na mbufe na Grimsby Town.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/53581389|title=Hamilton Academical sign Tunde Owolabi from FC United of Manchester|work=BBC Sport|date=29 July 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.grimsbytelegraph.co.uk/sport/tunde-owolabi-grimsby-town-transfer-4392700|title=Grimsby Town miss out on Tunde Owolabi|work=Grimsbylive|date=4 August 2020}}</ref> O mere nke mbụ ya maka Hamilton na 8 Ọgọstụ 2020 na egwuregwu Scottish Premier League megide Ross County. Na 1 Febụwarị 2021, Hamilton tọhapụrụ Owolabi n'akụkụ onye otu Justin Johnson, site na nkwekọrịta ha abụọ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.dailyrecord.co.uk/sport/local-sport/hamilton-accies-release-attacking-duo-23424918|title=Hamilton Accies release attacking duo Tunde Owolabi and Justin Johnson|publisher=Daily Record|date=1 February 2021|accessdate=1 February 2021}}</ref> Na 7 Machị 2021, Owolabi bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta otu afọ na klọb Irish Finn Harps.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://finnharps.ie/harps-sign-tunde-owolabi/|title=Harps sign Tunde Owolabi &#124; Finn Harps FC|first=Ethan|author=Lee|date=7 March 2021}}</ref> O nyere goolu na mmeri 3-1 na St Patrick's Athletic nke abụọ na 20 Ọgọst 2021, na-eduga ya na goolu 5 maka oge ahụ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.the42.ie/finn-harps-st-patricks-athletic-match-report-5528246-Aug2021/|title=Hat-trick hero Owolabi secures the spoils for Harps as St Pat's feel the pinch|first=Alan|author=Foley|work=The42}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.irishexaminer.com/sport/soccer/arid-40363709.html|title=Tunde Owolabi hat trick shocks high-flying Saints|first=Chris|author=Ashmore|date=20 August 2021|work=Irish Examiner}}</ref> Owolabi gbara goolu iri na abụọ n'egwuregwu iri atọ na anọ n'asọmpi niile n'oge ya na Finn Harps. N'abalị iri abụọ na anọ n'ọnwa Disemba n'afọ 2021, Owolabi bịanyere aka na ndị na-esote League of Ireland Premier Division, ụlọ ọrụ Dublin St Patrick's Athletic, bụ ndị ka meriri 2021 FAI Cup.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.stpatsfc.com/news.php?id=9058|title=Owolabi Becomes A Super Saint!|work=www.stpatsfc.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|url=https://www.rte.ie/sport/soccer/2021/1224/1268558-st-pats-complete-signing-of-tunde-owolabi/|title=St Pat's complete signing of Tunde Owolabi|date=24 December 2021}}</ref> N'abalị iri na otu n'ọnwa Febụwarị afọ 2022, Owolabi mere nke mbụ ya maka klọb ahụ na 2022 President of Ireland's Cup megide Shamrock Rovers na Tallaght Stadium, na-agba bọọlụ na penalty shoot-out ka ndị otu ya meriri 5-4 na penalties mgbe 1-1 draw.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.the42.ie/shamrock-rovers-st-pats-report-3-5681143-Feb2022/|title=Memorable return for Jack Byrne as Shamrock Rovers beat Pat's on penalties|first=Paul|author=Fennessy|work=The42}}</ref> Goolu mbụ ya maka Pat bịara na 25 Febụwarị 2022 mgbe ọ si n'oche pụta wee weghachite goolu maka akụkụ ya 10 nkeji ka e mesịrị na mmeri 2-1 megide Sligo Rovers na Richmond Park.<ref>{{Cite journal|url=https://www.rte.ie/sport/soccer/2022/0225/1283083-former-saint-keena-haunts-old-club-on-sligo-debut/|title=Former Saint Keena haunts old club on Sligo debut|first=David|author=Goulden|date=25 February 2022}}</ref> N'abalị iri abụọ na atọ n'ọnwa Mee afọ 2022, Owolabi gbara hat-trick na mmeri 3-0 megide ndị na-asọmpi Bohemians na Richmond Park.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.independent.ie/sport/soccer/league-of-ireland/saints-hero-tunde-owolabi-puts-bohs-to-sword-after-thumping-home-derby-hat-trick-41681140.html|title=Saints hero Tunde Owolabi puts Bohs to sword after thumping home derby hat-trick|work=independent}}</ref> Owolabi pụtara nke mbụ ya na bọọlụ Europe na 21 Julaị 2022 na 1-1 draw na otu Slovenia NŠ Mura na UEFA Europa Conference League.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.irishtimes.com/sport/soccer/2022/07/21/chris-forrester-inspires-revival-as-st-patricks-athletic-keep-the-tie-alive/|title=Chris Forrester inspires revival as St Patrick's Athletic keep the tie alive|work=The Irish Times}}</ref> Na 10 Disemba 2022, Owolabi bịanyere aka na Cork City maka oge 2023.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.corkcityfc.ie/home/2022/12/10/tunde-owolabi-signs-for-city/|title=Tunde Owolabi signs for City! – Cork City Football Club}}</ref> == Ndekọ ọnụ ọgụgụ ọrụ == {{updated|match played 1 September 2023}} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+Appearances and goals by club, season and competition ! rowspan="2" |Club ! rowspan="2" |Season ! colspan="3" |League ! colspan="2" |National Cup ! colspan="2" |League Cup ! colspan="2" |Other ! colspan="2" |Total |- !Division !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals |- |Skelmersdale United |2017–18<ref name="Skem"/> |NPL Division One North |10 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |10 |0 |- |Radcliffe |2018–19<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.radcliffefc.com/teams/160505/statistics?season=51764|title=StackPath|work=www.radcliffefc.com|accessdate=2023-10-01|archivedate=2021-12-29|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211229113842/https://www.radcliffefc.com/teams/160505/statistics?season=51764}}</ref> |NPL Division One West |36 |22 |3 |0 |1 |0 |6{{efn|1 appearance in the [[FA Trophy]]; 3 appearances and 1 goal in the [[Manchester Premier Cup]]; 2 appearances and 2 goals in the [[Lancashire FA Challenge Trophy]]}} |3 |46 |25 |- |FC United of Manchester |2019–20<ref name="FCUM"/> |NPL Premier Division |28 |28 |3 |0 |2 |0 |8{{efn|5 appearances and 6 goals in the [[FA Trophy]]; 3 appearances and 1 goal in the [[Manchester Premier Cup]]}} |7 |41 |35 |- |Hamilton Academical |2020–21 |Scottish Premiership |7 |0 |0 |0 |2 |0 | colspan="2" |— |9 |0 |- |Finn Harps |2021 |LOI Premier Division |31 |10 |3 |2 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |34 |12 |- |St Patrick's Athletic |2022<ref name="SW" /> |LOI Premier Division<ref name="SW">{{Soccerway|tunde-owolabi/644885|accessdate=23 November 2021}}</ref> |28 |5 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |— |3{{efn|1 appearance in the [[President of Ireland's Cup]] & 2 appearances in the [[UEFA Europa Conference League]]}} |0 |32 |5 |- |Cork City |2023<ref name="SW" /> |LOI Premier Division |24 |4 |1 |1 | colspan="2" |— |2{{efn|Appearance(s) in the [[Munster Senior Cup (association football)|Munster Senior Cup]]}} |2 |27 |7 |- ! colspan="3" |Career total !164 !69 !11 !3 !5 !0 !19 !12 !208 !84 |} {{notelist}} == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}}{{Cork City F.C. squad}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] n78g7wlt6r7om19n7zz7jsybys6nm96 0 30977 644486 137681 2026-05-31T05:43:54Z King ChristLike 13051 King ChristLike moved page [[Eze nke Brooklyn]] to [[Brooklyn Ezeh]]: Misspelled title 137681 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}   Brooklyn Kevin Ezeh (obodo 23 June 2001) bụ onye egwuregwu ibu German nke na-ahụ egwu dịka onye mgba aka maka ekpe Hannover 96 == Ọrụ == . <ref>{{Cite web|title=Kaiserslautern vs. Viktoria Berlin|url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2022/01/22/germany/3-liga/1-fc-kaiserslautern/viktoria-berlin/3532840/|accessdate=26 January 2022}}</ref>Ezeh bụbu onye egwuregwu egwuregwu nke Hamburger SV na Schalke 04 .  Na 18 January 2022, ọ kwagara na 3. mgbanwe nke Viktoria Berlin .  [1] [2] O mere mpụta izizi izizi ya na 22 January 2022 na mmeri 2 – 0 megide 1. FC Kaiserslautern . <ref>{{Cite web|title=Wehen Wiesbaden verpflichtet Linksverteidiger Brooklyn Ezeh|url=https://www.fnp.de/hessen/wehen-wiesbaden-verpflichtet-linksverteidiger-brooklyn-ezeh-zr-91649042.html|date=5 July 2022|accessdate=25 July 2022|archivedate=25 July 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220725160331/https://www.fnp.de/hessen/wehen-wiesbaden-verpflichtet-linksverteidiger-brooklyn-ezeh-zr-91649042.html}}</ref>Na Julaị 2022, Ezeh bịanyere aka na nsogbu apụ na SV Wehen Wiesbaden ruo June 2024 <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.hannover96.de/aktuelles/news/details/32084-extrem-gute-physis-und-starker-linker-fuss-hannover-96-verpflichtet-brooklyn-ezeh.html|title="EXTREM GUTE PHYSIS UND STARKER LINKER FUSS": HANNOVER 96 VERPFLICHTET BROOKLYN EZEh|publisher=[[Hannover 96]]|date=27 June 2023|accessdate=28 June 2023|language=German|archivedate=28 June 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230628043400/https://www.hannover96.de/aktuelles/news/details/32084-extrem-gute-physis-und-starker-linker-fuss-hannover-96-verpflichtet-brooklyn-ezeh.html}}</ref>Na June 2023, Ezeh sonyeere 2. Ndị otu Bundesliga Hannover 96 na echiche awụ atọ, yana nhọrọ nke aanọ. == Ndụ onwe onye == Amụrụ na Jamanị, Ezeh bụ onye Naijiria. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.allnigeriasoccer.com/read_news.php?nid=44041|title=Official : SV Wehen Wiesbaden sign ex-Hamburg, Schalke youth teamer Ezeh:: All Nigeria Soccer - The Complete Nigerian Football Portal|work=www.allnigeriasoccer.com}}</ref> == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] jkfojx98jgxwbi08hnvissqiazr7iwa 644488 644486 2026-05-31T05:45:19Z King ChristLike 13051 added {{DEFAULTSORT}} 644488 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Brooklyn Kevin Ezeh (obodo 23 June 2001) bụ onye egwuregwu ibu German nke na-ahụ egwu dịka onye mgba aka maka ekpe Hannover 96 == Ọrụ == . <ref>{{Cite web|title=Kaiserslautern vs. Viktoria Berlin|url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2022/01/22/germany/3-liga/1-fc-kaiserslautern/viktoria-berlin/3532840/|accessdate=26 January 2022}}</ref>Ezeh bụbu onye egwuregwu egwuregwu nke Hamburger SV na Schalke 04 .  Na 18 January 2022, ọ kwagara na 3. mgbanwe nke Viktoria Berlin .  [1] [2] O mere mpụta izizi izizi ya na 22 January 2022 na mmeri 2 – 0 megide 1. FC Kaiserslautern . <ref>{{Cite web|title=Wehen Wiesbaden verpflichtet Linksverteidiger Brooklyn Ezeh|url=https://www.fnp.de/hessen/wehen-wiesbaden-verpflichtet-linksverteidiger-brooklyn-ezeh-zr-91649042.html|date=5 July 2022|accessdate=25 July 2022|archivedate=25 July 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220725160331/https://www.fnp.de/hessen/wehen-wiesbaden-verpflichtet-linksverteidiger-brooklyn-ezeh-zr-91649042.html}}</ref>Na Julaị 2022, Ezeh bịanyere aka na nsogbu apụ na SV Wehen Wiesbaden ruo June 2024 <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.hannover96.de/aktuelles/news/details/32084-extrem-gute-physis-und-starker-linker-fuss-hannover-96-verpflichtet-brooklyn-ezeh.html|title="EXTREM GUTE PHYSIS UND STARKER LINKER FUSS": HANNOVER 96 VERPFLICHTET BROOKLYN EZEh|publisher=[[Hannover 96]]|date=27 June 2023|accessdate=28 June 2023|language=German|archivedate=28 June 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230628043400/https://www.hannover96.de/aktuelles/news/details/32084-extrem-gute-physis-und-starker-linker-fuss-hannover-96-verpflichtet-brooklyn-ezeh.html}}</ref>Na June 2023, Ezeh sonyeere 2. Ndị otu Bundesliga Hannover 96 na echiche awụ atọ, yana nhọrọ nke aanọ. == Ndụ onwe onye == Amụrụ na Jamanị, Ezeh bụ onye Naijiria. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.allnigeriasoccer.com/read_news.php?nid=44041|title=Official : SV Wehen Wiesbaden sign ex-Hamburg, Schalke youth teamer Ezeh:: All Nigeria Soccer - The Complete Nigerian Football Portal|work=www.allnigeriasoccer.com}}</ref> == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Ezeh, Brooklyn}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 6uedp510dg2htupwyqzcbftgcr0n6qv 0 31020 644016 142586 2026-05-30T13:47:34Z Iwuala chisom 17246 Fixed reference errors 644016 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} . <ref name="vanguard"/><ref name="nsgov">{{Cite news|title=Members of the Nasarawa State House of Assembly|url=http://www.nasarawastate.gov.ng/legislature.php|work=Government of [[Nasarawa State]]|accessdate=2020-05-05}}</ref>Suleiman Adamu (- 30 akwọ ụgbọ 2020) bụ onye ọkụ ọkụ Naijiria.  Ọ na-eje ozi dị ka onye otu nri omebe iwu steeti Nasarawa, na-ahụ anya mpaghara Nasarawa Central, n'oge ọnwụ ya n'ihi COVID-19 n'April 2020 == Ọnwụ == . <ref name="dp"/> <ref>{{Cite web|title=Nasarawa Assembly loses member|url=https://punchng.com/nasarawa-assembly-loses-member/|work=Punch Newspapers|date=May 2020|language=en-US|accessdate=2020-05-26}}</ref>Suleiman Adamu nwụrụ site na COVID-19 na Federal Medical Centre (FMC) na Keffi, Nasarawa State, Nigeria, na 30 madu 2020. [1] E liri ya na 1 Mee n'obodo ya, Nasarawa .  [2] Nsonaazụ ule ya, nke emecha ihe ruo mgbe ọ nwụrụ, COVID-19 <ref name="vanguard">{{Cite news|title=Nasarawa Assembly member died of COVID-19 ― Gov Sule|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2020/05/nasarawa-assembly-member-died-of-covid-19-%E2%80%95-gov-sule/|work=[[Vanguard (Nigeria)]]|date=2020-05-03|accessdate=2020-05-05}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://www.vanguardngr.com/2020/05/nasarawa-assembly-member-died-of-covid-19-%E2%80%95-gov-sule/ "Nasarawa Assembly member died of COVID-19 ― Gov Sule"]. ''[[Vanguard (Nigeria)]]''. 2020-05-03. [https://web.archive.org/web/20200504135821/https://www.vanguardngr.com/2020/05/nasarawa-assembly-member-died-of-covid-19-%e2%80%95-gov-sule/ Archived] from the original on 2020-05-04<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-05-05</span></span>.</cite></ref>Adamu bụ onye mbụ site na COVID-19 na steeti Nasarawa n'oge ọrịa COVID-19 na ụzọ Na nzaghachi ọnwụ ya, gọọmentị steeti mechiri ụlọ omebe iwu Nasarawa steeti maka mmetọ ma tinye mkpọchi na obodo Suleiman Adamu nke Nasarawa iji belata mgbasa nke COVID-19. <ref name="dp">{{Cite news|first=Nsikak|author=Nseyen|title=Lawmaker, Suleiman Adamu died of COVID-19 – Nasarawa govt reveals|url=https://dailypost.ng/2020/05/03/lawmaker-suleiman-adamu-died-of-covid-19-nasarawa-govt-reveals/|work=[[Daily Post (Nigeria)]]|date=2020-05-03|accessdate=2020-05-05}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFNseyen2020">Nseyen, Nsikak (2020-05-03). [https://dailypost.ng/2020/05/03/lawmaker-suleiman-adamu-died-of-covid-19-nasarawa-govt-reveals/ "Lawmaker, Suleiman Adamu died of COVID-19 – Nasarawa govt reveals"]. ''[[Daily Post (Nigeria)]]''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20200505183014/https://dailypost.ng/2020/05/03/lawmaker-suleiman-adamu-died-of-covid-19-nasarawa-govt-reveals/ Archived] from the original on 2020-05-05<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-05-05</span></span>.</cite></ref> <ref name="dtrusr">{{Cite news|first=Ibraheem|author=Hamza Muhammad|title=Nasarawa imposes total lockdown over rise in COVID-19 cases|url=https://www.dailytrust.com.ng/nasarawa-imposes-total-lockdown-over-rise-in-covid-19-cases.html|work=[[Media Trust|Daily Trust]]|date=2020-05-03|accessdate=2020-05-05}}</ref> == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} m923uig0apq9qqvtzjz08avz0d3zy0r 0 31032 644015 141211 2026-05-30T13:45:11Z Iwuala chisom 17246 Fixed reference errors 644015 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} {{Infobox person|name=Suleiman Oba Nimota|image=|caption=|birth_name=|birth_date=|birth_place=|death_date=|death_place=|death_cause=|other_names=|known_for=|education=|employer=|occupation=Politician|party=People's Democratic Party|boards=|spouse=|partner=|children=|parents=|relatives=|signature=|website=|footnotes=|nationality=Nigerian}} [[Category:Articles with hCards]] Suleiman Oba Nimota bụ onye aghandọrọ Naijiria.  Ọ bụ onye otu People's Democratic Party .  A ịbụ ndị ịbụ ndị Ndị Nnọchiteanya na 2011 == Ndụ == . <ref name="kwara"/>Nimota njiko na 1963. Ɔ wina Islamic Studies wee gụchaa akwụkwọ na njikwa njikwa.  Ọ dịka onye dịka onye nkuzi tupu ọ bụrụ Kọmishana na-ahụ maka ihe gbasara ụmụnwanyị steeti ya.  [1] Ọ ụgbọ onye ụzọ ụgbọ na onye otu People's Democratic Party A nsogbu ya ịbụ ndị Ndị Nnọchiteanya na 2011. Ụmụnwanyị ndị ọzọ a mgbaàmà Folake Olunloyo, Maimunat Adaji, Martha Bodunrin, Betty Okogua-Apiafi, Rose Oko na Nkoyo Toyo .  [1] Mgbe inwe aka ahụ ọkpụkpọ, ụlọ International Republican Institute mere ihe nkiri bụ "Dreams for Nigeria" "Mhụ ndị isi ụmụ ndị agha flu Naijiria na Nimota bụ otu n'ime ụmụ ike a na-achọpụta.  Ụmụ ndị ajụjụ bụ Hon.  Binta Masi Garba, Adamawa State;  Hon.  Saudatu Sani, Kaduna State;  Hon.  Titi Akindahunsi, Ekiti State, Hon.  Maimuna Adaji, Kwara State, Hon.  Florence Akinwale, Ekiti State and Hon.  Beni Lar, Plateau State.  [2] Emere ihe nkiri a iji kwalite mmepụta nke Millennium yana nke atọ nke ike nha anya nwoke na-egosi <ref name="kwara">{{Cite web|title=PDP Woman Leader Resigns in Kwara|url=https://dailytimes.ng/pdp-woman-leader-resigns-in-kwara/|date=2015-03-30|work=Daily Times Nigeria|language=en-GB|accessdate=2020-05-04}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://dailytimes.ng/pdp-woman-leader-resigns-in-kwara/ "PDP Woman Leader Resigns in Kwara"]. ''Daily Times Nigeria''. 2015-03-30<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-05-04</span></span>.</cite></ref>N'afọ 2015, ọ gbara arụkwaghịm dịka onye isi ụmụnwanyị PDP na Kwama.  Ọta na ekiri ya akara isi mgbe onye isi otu ya tụụrụ n'otu pati All Progressives Congress (APC) ma gwa ndị na-eso ụzọ ya ka ha votu pati ahụ kama. . <ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-07-12|title=Group distributes sewing machines, hairdryers, other items to Ilorin residents|url=https://theinformant247.com/group-distributes-sewing-machines-hairdryers-other-items-to-ilorin-residents/|accessdate=2021-01-14|work=The Informant247 News|language=en-US}}</ref>Ọ bụ onye akara ADIRAHF Foundation, </link> ngwaọrụ ekiri nke hiwere na 2020 na edemede nke igbo mkpa nke ndị n'ime usoro obere nsogbu.  Ntọala akara e akara enyela ihe ụmụaka 20 ike na Ilorin n'oge ọrịa COVID19 == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] ombzvk1wwruq80sbe9sr6jisc2qx66p 0 31051 644513 126553 2026-05-31T06:01:23Z Geraldine Kene 23189 Fixed reference error 644513 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|name=Yusuf Mohamed Ismail <br> يوسف محمد إسماعيل|image=Baribari1.jpg|imagesize=|birth_date=15 July 1958|birth_place=[[Bologna]], Italy|death_date={{death date and age|2015|03|27|1958|07|15|df=yes}}|death_place=[[Mogadishu]], Somalia|office=Ambassador of Somalia to the [[United Nations Human Rights Office]]|term_start=2008|term_end=27 March 2015|primeminister=[[Omar Abdirashid Ali Sharmarke]]|predecessor=|successor=Faduma Abdullahi Mohamud|office2=|term_start2=|term_end2=|primeminister2=|predecessor2=|successor2=|party=[[Independent politician|Independent]]|alma_mater=[[University of Bologna]]}} Yusuf Mohamed Ismail "Bari-Bari" ( Somali </link> , Arabic </link> , amuru 15 Julaị 1958 – nwụrụ 27 Ma ọchịchị 2015) bụ onye anya mba Somalia na onye ngwá agha.  Ọ bụ onye akụkụ Somalia na United Nations Human Rights Office na Geneva == Ndụ onwe onye == . <ref name="Gppatfabig">{{Cite news|title=Puntland President Attends the funeral of Ambassador Baribari in Garowe|url=http://goobjoog.com/english/?p=12332|accessdate=30 March 2015|date=29 March 2015}}</ref>A gidan Ismail na 1960 na Rome, Italy site n' "ndị agha ndị Somalia na-achị achị .  [1] Ọ bụ onye Majeerteen Harti Darod .  [2] Ezin iro ya sitere na Garoowe, isi obodo ụmụaka nke steeti Somalia nke ugwu n'afọ Puntland . <ref name="Saasiuhmatm">{{Cite news|title=Somalia. Attacco al-Shabaab in un hotel a Mogadiscio, almeno 13 morti|url=http://www.articolotre.com/2015/03/somalia-attacco-al-shabaab-in-un-hotel-a-mogadiscio-almeno-13-morti/print/|accessdate=6 April 2015|date=27 March 2015}}</ref>Maka akara akara ya, Ismail akara akara ugo na-enyere ndị agụnyere na Mahadum Bologna == Ọrụ == . <ref name="Guhrcomsfpa">{{Cite news|title=UN Human Rights Council Observes Minute of Silence for Passing of Ambassador "Bari-Bari" of Somalia|url=http://goobjoog.com/english/?p=12369|accessdate=31 March 2015|date=29 March 2015}}</ref>N'ịbụ onye mmetụta, Ismail sonyeere ọrụ diplomatic.  A mgbaàmà ya onye isi anya Somalia na United Nations Human Rights Office na Geneva, Switzerland na 2008. N'ime ikike a, Ismail ọrụ iji kwalite na chebe ikike mmadụ na obodo ya na gburugburu ụwa.  Site na ọrụ ya na ndị otu obodo, a na-ekwu na ọ nyere aka guzobe ifo Independent Expert na Albinism, otu òtù zuru ụwa ọnụ nke e hiwere na 2015 . <ref name="Vtkiasaomh">{{Cite web|url=http://www.voanews.com/articleprintview/2696816.html|title=20 Killed in Al-Shabab Attack on Mogadishu Hotel|publisher=[[Voice of America]]|date=28 March 2015|accessdate=30 March 2015}}</ref>Na 27 Maachị 2015, Ismail ike ahụ n'oge ndị otu Al-Shabaab wakporo Hotel Makka al-Mukarama na Mogadishu .  O mechara daa n'ọnya ahụ n'ahụ ike . <ref name="Guhrcomsfpa" />Onye isi ala Somalia Hassan Sheikh Mohamud, [1] Onye isi ala Puntland Abdiweli Mohamed Ali, [1] onye bubu onye isi ala Puntland Abdirahman Farole, [2] na onye ihe anya UN-iche maka Somalia Nicholas Kay ezigara onye isi ala Puntland  ofesi ahụ nke ọma.  [3] Otu United Nations Human Rights Council hụkwara ịgbachi egwu otu iji sọpụrụ Ismail.  Onye isi oche nke Council Ambassador Joachim Rücker Ismail dị ka onye ndu ndị mmadụ na-enwe nri n'ebe niile na ndị a na- , onye ihe aka ya na ikike mmadụ zuru ụwa ọnụ ngwaọrụ a na-ahụ anya.  [4] . <ref name="Gppatfabig" />Na 29 Maachị, e mere olili obodo maka Ambassador Ismail na Garoowe.  Onye isi ala Puntland Ali na ndị isi anya etiti dị iche iche gara olili ozu a . == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} dw6qc14tlvf3wii9vfn7zusibjvvyyw 0 31100 644220 126640 2026-05-30T19:38:18Z Wikipedian12512(alt) 61413 ce 644220 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|name=Eyo Esua|image=|office1=Chairman of the Federal Electoral Commission|term_start1=1964|term_end1=1966|predecessor1=|successor1=[[Michael Ani]]|birth_name=Eyo Ita Esua|birth_date=14 January 1901|birth_place=[[Cross River State]], [[Nigeria]]|death_date={{death date and age|6 December 1973|df=y|14 January 1901}}|party=}} '''Eyo Ita Esua''' (14 Jenụwarị 1901 - 6 Disemba 1973) bụ onye nkuzi Naijiria na [[Ndị Naijiria|onye]] otu ọrụ nke nọ n'ọkwa nke Federal Electoral Commission nke gọọmentị [[Abubakar Tafawa Balewa|Balewa]] na Naijiria First Republic.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/201006090203.html|title=Past INEC Chairmen|work=ThisDay|author=Imam Imam|date=9 June 2010|accessdate=2010-06-10}}</ref> QEsua bụ onye nkuzi ụlọ akwụkwọ na onye guzobere Union of Teachers nke Nigeria. Ọ bụ odeakwụkwọ ukwu mbụ zuru oke nke otu ahụ site na 1943 ruo mgbe ọ lara ezumike nká na 1964.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Thomas Hodgkin: letters from Africa 1947-56|author=Thomas Lionel Hodgkin|publisher=HAAN|year=2000|isbn=1-874209-93-6}}</ref> Ọ bụ onye Efik, nwoke [[Calabar]], a ma ama maka nraranye ya n'ọrụ na izi ezi.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Violence and politics in Nigeria: the Tiv and Yoruba experience|url=https://archive.org/details/violencepolitics00anif_0|author=Remi Anifowose|publisher=Nok Publishers International|year=1982|isbn=0-88357-084-X}}</ref> Kọmitii nke Esua duziri haziri ntuli aka nke Disemba 1964, nke jupụtara na esemokwu. Mmadụ abụọ n'ime kọmitii ahụ ekwenyeghị n'onye isi oche ahụ wee gbaa arụkwaghịm na kọmitii. Esua mekwara ntuli aka nke Western Region na 1965, nke bụ ihe ike ma bụrụ nke ndị mmegide United Party Grand Alliance na-ese okwu.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://thenationonlineng.net/web2/articles/49282/1/Will-he-make-the-difference/Page1.html|title=Will he make the difference?|author=[[Olukorede Yishau]]|work=[[The Nation (Nigeria)|The Nation]]|date=2010-06-09|accessdate=2010-06-10|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100611103634/http://thenationonlineng.net/web2/articles/49282/1/Will-he-make-the-difference/Page1.html|archivedate=2010-06-11}}</ref> Ụbọchị ole na ole tupu ntuli aka ndị a, Esua kwetara na nzukọ ya enweghị ike ikwe nkwa ntuli aka n'efu na nke ziri ezi.<ref>{{Cite book|title=The Biafra war: Nigeria and the aftermath|author=Herbert Ekwe-Ekwe|isbn=0-88946-175-9|publisher=E. Mellen Press|year=1990}}</ref> Mmetụta na-ezighị ezi nke ntuli aka nwere ike ịbụ ihe kpatara ihe ịga nke ọma nke nnupụisi ndị agha nke Jenụwarị 1966 nke Major General [[Johnson Aguiyi-Ironsi]] bịara n'ọchịchị.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.thenigerianvoice.com/nvnews/26106/1/electoral-commission-through-the-years.html|title=ELECTORAL COMMISSION THROUGH THE YEARS|work=NBF News|date=7 Jun 2010|accessdate=2010-06-10}}</ref> == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}}{{Chairmen of Nigerian electoral commissions}} kh6l5xui4x4y9dyva38o6nfasz49qet 0 31154 644449 496949 2026-05-31T02:05:45Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 644449 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Abubakar Adamu Mohamed''' (amuru 15 October 1997) bu onye okacha amara n'egwuregwu bọọlụ Naijiria nke na-egwu egwu dika onye na-eche nche maka Wikki Tourists FC. == Edensibia == * Abubakar Adamu Mohamed at Soccerway * Abubakar Adamu Mohamed at WorldFootball.net * [https://www.grenadafa.com/people/abubakar-adamu/166751/ grenadafa.com] {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20210304040533/https://guardian.ng/sport/u-23-afcon-cote-divoire-beat-10-man-nigeria/] * [https://www.completesports.com/amapakabo-names-okechukwu-nwakali-awoniyi-dele-bashiru-19-others-in-final-squad-for-u-23-afcon-2019/ Amapakabo kpughere Final 23-Man Squad maka U-23 AFCON 2019] * [https://www.goal.com/en/news/u23-afcon-2019-watfords-dele-bashiru-and-fsv-mainzs-awoniyi-lead-/1tnd4bad4u8g61me8xfd91bkeg U23 Afcon: Dele-Bashiru nke Watford na Awoniyi nke FSV Mainz na-eduga ndị otu Naịjirịa na Goal.com] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20200302134727/https://uk.sports.yahoo.com/news/nigeria-0-1-cote-d-171415118.html Nigeria 0-1 Cote d'Ivoire: Olympic Eagles na-amalite U23 Afcon title defense on a loss note] * Abubakar Adamu Mohamed at Global Sports Archive [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] {{DEFAULTSORT:Mohamed, Abubakar Adamu}} qd13jomvpn3a6l11abssf7grisc63rt 0 31179 644509 142933 2026-05-31T05:58:22Z King ChristLike 13051 King ChristLike moved page [[Eze V. B. C. Onyema nke Atọ]] to [[V. B. C. Onyema nke Atọ]]: Misspelled title 142933 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} {{Infobox royalty|title=[[Eze]] Onyema III of [[Ogbaru|Ogwu-Ikpele]]|image=|caption=|reign=1976 - present<ref name="anambra-state-council-of-igwe">{{cite web |url=http://asacanada.com/anambra-state-council-of-igwe/ |title=Anambra State Council of Igwe » ASA Canada |website=asacanada.com |access-date=17 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170814101854/http://asacanada.com/anambra-state-council-of-igwe/ |archive-date=14 August 2017 |url-status=dead |accessdate=2 October 2023 |archivedate=14 August 2017 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170814101854/http://asacanada.com/anambra-state-council-of-igwe/ }}</ref>|coronation=|birth_name=Valentine Benjamin Chukwuma Onyema|birth_date=<!-- {{birth date|1927|02|13}} -->|birth_place=[[Ogbaru|Ogwu-Ikpele]]|death_date=<!-- {{Death date and age|YYYY|MM|DD|YYYY|MM|DD}} (death date then birth) -->|death_place=|date of burial=|place of burial=<!-- <br> {{coord|LAT|LONG|display=inline,title}} -->|predecessor=Eze Onyema II|successor=|spouse=Rebecca Nwanyiesigo Nnubia, Odobo of Ogwu-Ikpele|issue=Roseline O. Ezuma, Margaret N. Orakwusi, Kenneth O. Onyema, Dominic Emeka Onyema, Catherine N. Emuchay, Emilia N. Onyema, [[Oscar N. Onyema]],<ref name="CEO NSE">{{cite web|url=http://www.nse.com.ng/about-us/corporate-governance/executive-committee/oscar-onyema/|title=Oscar Onyema|website=www.nse.com.ng|accessdate=Apr 13, 2020}}</ref> and Wilfred Chukwuma Onyema|royal house=|dynasty=|father=Eze Onyema II, Traditional ruler of [[Ogbaru|Ogwu-Ikpele]]|mother=|religion=}} Eze V. B. C. Onyema III (amụrụ na Febụwarị 13, 1927) bụ onye ọchịchị ọdịnala nke [[Ogbaru|Ogwu-Ikpele]] na [[Ogbaru]] Local Government Area nke [[Anambra Steeti|Anambra]] State, South Eastern Nigeria. Ọ bụ onye nọchiri nna ya, Eze Onyema nke Abụọ na otu n'ime ndị isi atọ nke Anambra State Council of Traditional Rulers.<ref name="Eze Onyema III">{{Cite web|url=http://www.thesourceng.com/MisadventureFebruary12010.htm|title=The Source Magazine Online|work=www.thesourceng.com|accessdate=17 January 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160406111126/http://www.thesourceng.com/MisadventureFebruary12010.htm|archivedate=6 April 2016}}</ref> {{Databox}} == Ihe ndị mere n'oge gara aga == A mụrụ ya na [[Ogwu-Ikpele]], Eze Onyema III bụ onye isi nke G.B. Ollivant, ụlọ ọrụ enyemaka nke United Africa Company (UAC) nke Naijiria, si na ọkwa Clark na 1934 wee bụrụ onye isi njikwa mbụ nke ụlọ ọrụ ahụ (Divisional CEO) na 1977. Tupu ọ banye UAC, ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ na Oguta na Onitsha, ọbụnakwa nwee oge nkuzi na Onitsha. Eze Onyema nke Atọ na-eto eto rụrụ ọrụ nchịkwa dị iche iche, na-agagharị n'etiti Port-Harcourt na ọtụtụ obodo ndị ọzọ dị n'Ebe Ọwụwa Anyanwụ Naịjirịa na ezinụlọ ya tupu agha obodo.<ref name="Rebecca Nwanyiesigo nubia">{{Cite web|url=http://rebeccaonyema.com/|title=Rebecca Onyema|work=rebeccaonyema.com|accessdate=Apr 13, 2020}}</ref> N'afọ 1948, ọ zutere ma lụọ Rebecca Nwanyiesigo Nnubia Okwuosa Onumonu, na-esote ọgụ na-enweghị nkwụsị nke nna ya Eze Onyema nke Abụọ na ndị ọzọ nọ n'ezinụlọ.<ref name="Rebecca Nwanyiesigo nubia"/> Mgbe [[Nigerian Civil War|agha obodo Naijiria]] malitere na 1967, Onyema laghachiri Ogwu-Ikpele, ebe ya na ezinụlọ ya nọrọ ruo mgbe agha ahụ biri. N'afọ 1970, Onyema kwagara [[Onịchạ|Onitsha]] ma mesịa gaa Lagos, ebe o nwere ọtụtụ ọkwa dị elu tupu nhọpụta ya dị ka onye isi njikwa nke G.B Ollivant. == Ọchịchị == N'afọ 1976, a họpụtara Onyema III ma tinye ya dị ka Eze nke Ogwu-Ikpele. Ọ nabatara oku ka ọ rịgoro n'ocheeze nke nna ya na ọnọdụ na ọ ga-arụcha ọrụ ya na G.B. Ollivant dịka ọ ga-ala ezumike nká na 1982. N'oge a, ọ họpụtara onye ọzọ so n'ezinụlọ Eze Onyema ka ọ nọchite anya ya na mmekọrịta ya na ndị isi Olinzele nke ụlọ ọrụ ya (ụlọ ọrụ ndị isi nke Eze) ma pụta naanị mgbe ọ dị mkpa. Mgbe ọ lara ezumike nká, ọ na-achịkwa na ibu ọrụ zuru oke maka oche ọdịnala ya. N'ijere ndị ya ozi, Eze Onyema nke Atọ abụwo onye otu na onye nkwado nke ụlọ ọrụ ọdịnala dị iche iche, njikọ, kọmitii pụrụ iche, klọb mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya, na ndị nnọchiteanya.<ref name="Eze Onyema III patron">{{Cite web|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200507190282.html|title=Nigeria: Traditional Rulers Commend Senator Emodi for Drawing FG's Attention to Zone's Problems - allAfrica.com}}</ref> == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}}    [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] j8qae8fxvad37ip8z6zl0lgmif1j5g0 644511 644509 2026-05-31T05:59:13Z King ChristLike 13051 added {{DEFAULTSORT}} 644511 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} {{Infobox royalty|title=[[Eze]] Onyema III of [[Ogbaru|Ogwu-Ikpele]]|image=|caption=|reign=1976 - present<ref name="anambra-state-council-of-igwe">{{cite web |url=http://asacanada.com/anambra-state-council-of-igwe/ |title=Anambra State Council of Igwe » ASA Canada |website=asacanada.com |access-date=17 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170814101854/http://asacanada.com/anambra-state-council-of-igwe/ |archive-date=14 August 2017 |url-status=dead |accessdate=2 October 2023 |archivedate=14 August 2017 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170814101854/http://asacanada.com/anambra-state-council-of-igwe/ }}</ref>|coronation=|birth_name=Valentine Benjamin Chukwuma Onyema|birth_date=<!-- {{birth date|1927|02|13}} -->|birth_place=[[Ogbaru|Ogwu-Ikpele]]|death_date=<!-- {{Death date and age|YYYY|MM|DD|YYYY|MM|DD}} (death date then birth) -->|death_place=|date of burial=|place of burial=<!-- <br> {{coord|LAT|LONG|display=inline,title}} -->|predecessor=Eze Onyema II|successor=|spouse=Rebecca Nwanyiesigo Nnubia, Odobo of Ogwu-Ikpele|issue=Roseline O. Ezuma, Margaret N. Orakwusi, Kenneth O. Onyema, Dominic Emeka Onyema, Catherine N. Emuchay, Emilia N. Onyema, [[Oscar N. Onyema]],<ref name="CEO NSE">{{cite web|url=http://www.nse.com.ng/about-us/corporate-governance/executive-committee/oscar-onyema/|title=Oscar Onyema|website=www.nse.com.ng|accessdate=Apr 13, 2020}}</ref> and Wilfred Chukwuma Onyema|royal house=|dynasty=|father=Eze Onyema II, Traditional ruler of [[Ogbaru|Ogwu-Ikpele]]|mother=|religion=}} Eze V. B. C. Onyema III (amụrụ na Febụwarị 13, 1927) bụ onye ọchịchị ọdịnala nke [[Ogbaru|Ogwu-Ikpele]] na [[Ogbaru]] Local Government Area nke [[Anambra Steeti|Anambra]] State, South Eastern Nigeria. Ọ bụ onye nọchiri nna ya, Eze Onyema nke Abụọ na otu n'ime ndị isi atọ nke Anambra State Council of Traditional Rulers.<ref name="Eze Onyema III">{{Cite web|url=http://www.thesourceng.com/MisadventureFebruary12010.htm|title=The Source Magazine Online|work=www.thesourceng.com|accessdate=17 January 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160406111126/http://www.thesourceng.com/MisadventureFebruary12010.htm|archivedate=6 April 2016}}</ref> {{Databox}} == Ihe ndị mere n'oge gara aga == A mụrụ ya na [[Ogwu-Ikpele]], Eze Onyema III bụ onye isi nke G.B. Ollivant, ụlọ ọrụ enyemaka nke United Africa Company (UAC) nke Naijiria, si na ọkwa Clark na 1934 wee bụrụ onye isi njikwa mbụ nke ụlọ ọrụ ahụ (Divisional CEO) na 1977. Tupu ọ banye UAC, ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ na Oguta na Onitsha, ọbụnakwa nwee oge nkuzi na Onitsha. Eze Onyema nke Atọ na-eto eto rụrụ ọrụ nchịkwa dị iche iche, na-agagharị n'etiti Port-Harcourt na ọtụtụ obodo ndị ọzọ dị n'Ebe Ọwụwa Anyanwụ Naịjirịa na ezinụlọ ya tupu agha obodo.<ref name="Rebecca Nwanyiesigo nubia">{{Cite web|url=http://rebeccaonyema.com/|title=Rebecca Onyema|work=rebeccaonyema.com|accessdate=Apr 13, 2020}}</ref> N'afọ 1948, ọ zutere ma lụọ Rebecca Nwanyiesigo Nnubia Okwuosa Onumonu, na-esote ọgụ na-enweghị nkwụsị nke nna ya Eze Onyema nke Abụọ na ndị ọzọ nọ n'ezinụlọ.<ref name="Rebecca Nwanyiesigo nubia"/> Mgbe [[Nigerian Civil War|agha obodo Naijiria]] malitere na 1967, Onyema laghachiri Ogwu-Ikpele, ebe ya na ezinụlọ ya nọrọ ruo mgbe agha ahụ biri. N'afọ 1970, Onyema kwagara [[Onịchạ|Onitsha]] ma mesịa gaa Lagos, ebe o nwere ọtụtụ ọkwa dị elu tupu nhọpụta ya dị ka onye isi njikwa nke G.B Ollivant. == Ọchịchị == N'afọ 1976, a họpụtara Onyema III ma tinye ya dị ka Eze nke Ogwu-Ikpele. Ọ nabatara oku ka ọ rịgoro n'ocheeze nke nna ya na ọnọdụ na ọ ga-arụcha ọrụ ya na G.B. Ollivant dịka ọ ga-ala ezumike nká na 1982. N'oge a, ọ họpụtara onye ọzọ so n'ezinụlọ Eze Onyema ka ọ nọchite anya ya na mmekọrịta ya na ndị isi Olinzele nke ụlọ ọrụ ya (ụlọ ọrụ ndị isi nke Eze) ma pụta naanị mgbe ọ dị mkpa. Mgbe ọ lara ezumike nká, ọ na-achịkwa na ibu ọrụ zuru oke maka oche ọdịnala ya. N'ijere ndị ya ozi, Eze Onyema nke Atọ abụwo onye otu na onye nkwado nke ụlọ ọrụ ọdịnala dị iche iche, njikọ, kọmitii pụrụ iche, klọb mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya, na ndị nnọchiteanya.<ref name="Eze Onyema III patron">{{Cite web|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200507190282.html|title=Nigeria: Traditional Rulers Commend Senator Emodi for Drawing FG's Attention to Zone's Problems - allAfrica.com}}</ref> == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Onyema, Eze V. B. C. III}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 1563863tp7joi1cjy6crjww59aofjat 0 31239 644034 126922 2026-05-30T14:06:35Z Geraldine Kene 23189 Fixed reference error 644034 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=Zanna Bukar Suloma Dipcharima|image=Zanna Dipcharima.jpg|birth_date=1917|birth_place=Dipcharima|death_date=1969|nationality=[[Nigerian]]}} [[Category:Articles with hCards]] '''Zanna Bukar Suloma Dipcharima''' (1917 - 1969) bụ onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Naijiria nke na-arụsi ọrụ ike n'oge Naijiria First Republic, ọ bụ [[Ndị Naijiria|onye]] otu House of Representatives ma mesịa họpụta ya ka ọ bụrụ Minista na nchịkwa nke [[Abubakar Tafawa Balewa|Tafawa Balewa]] .<ref>{{Cite book|author=Sklar|first=Richard L|title=Nigerian political parties: power in an emergent African nation|date=1963|isbn=9781400878239|oclc=927404565|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/927404565|language=English}}</ref> Ọ bụbu Minista nke Azụmaahịa na Ụlọ Ọrụ na nke Transport.<ref name=":0" /> == Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ == A mụrụ Dipcharima na 1917 n'obodo nta Dipcharima dị na Borno [[Ȯra Borno|Steeti]]. Ọ gara Maiduguri Middle School ma mesịa zụọ dị ka onye nkuzi na Katsina Higher Training College.<ref name=":0" /> == Ọrụ na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị == Dipcharima malitere ọrụ ya dị ka onye nkuzi, na-arụ ọrụ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ dị iche iche site na 1938 ruo 1946 mgbe ọ malitere ọrụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị. O bu ụzọ sonye na National Council of Nigeria and the Cameroons (NCNC), otu pati nke [[Nnamdi Azikiwe|Dr Nnamdi Azikwe]] na-edu, ọ nọkwa na ndị nnọchi anya pati ahụ na Britain na 1947. Dipcharima hapụrụ NCNC ka ọ bụrụ onye njikwa John Holt. Ọ laghachiri na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na 1954 dị ka onye otu Northern People's Congress (NPC) nke a họpụtara ya na Borno Native Authority. Dị ka onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị a ma ama, Dipcharima ghọrọ onye isi oche nke alaka Borno Province nke NPC na onye isi nke Yerwa District na 1956, na-ewere aha ọdịnala nke Zanna. O meriri oche na Federal House of Representatives na Lagos na 1954 ma mee ya odeakwụkwọ omebe iwu na Ministry of Transport. Ọ ghọrọ Minista nke Steeti na-enweghị Portfolio na 1957 ma mesịa bụrụ Minista nke Azụmaahịa na Ụlọ Ọrụ. Dị ka Minista Federal nke Azụmaahịa na Ụlọ Ọrụ, ọ gara US n'oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ nke 1963 ịchọ ọdịmma azụmahịa America na mmepe nke mmepụta na Naịjirịa, ọ bụrụ na ọ ga-aga nke ọma ga-ebelata mmetụta nke ụlọ ọrụ ndị Britain gbanyesiri mkpọrọgwụ ike na akụ na ụba. Mgbe ọ nọ n'ebe ahụ, ọ gwara ụlọ ọrụ ndị nwere mmasị nkwa nke enweghị esemokwu agbụrụ na ezumike ụtụ isi.<ref>{{Cite journal|date=March 1964|title=Investment Opportunities in Nigeria|journal=Ebony|language=en}}</ref> N'afọ 1964, Dipcharima weghaara ọkwa Minista nke Transport ma na-ejide ọfịs a mgbe a kwaturu gọọmentị etiti na nnupụisi ndị agha nke Jenụwarị 5, 1966.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-01-14|title=55 Years of Nigeria's 1st coup: What British Intelligence officials wrote about it -|url=https://www.thenewsnigeria.com.ng/2021/01/15/55-years-of-nigerias-1st-coup-what-british-intelligence-officials-wrote-about-it/|accessdate=2021-01-29|work=The NEWS}}</ref> Mgbe nnupụisi ahụ gasịrị, ọ bụ onye isi oche nke ndị Minista nyere ndị agha ike mgbe Praịm Minista [[Abubakar Tafawa Balewa]] na-anọghị.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|author=Uwechue|first=Ralph|title=Makers Of Modern Africa: Profile in History (2nd ed.)|publisher=Africa Books Limited|year=1991|isbn=0903274183|location=United Kingdom|pages=200–201}}</ref> == Ọnwụ == Dipcharima nwụrụ n'ihe mberede ụgbọelu na 1969. == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}} 3zdglt803wan3svw3tqypjc32t93clc 0 31457 644105 632063 2026-05-30T15:58:52Z Neme244 16387 added DEFAULTSORT 644105 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Emmanuel Babatunde Alo (amụrụ n'April 15, 1950) bụ onye Naijiria prọfesọ nke applied biology, ecosystems, entomology na parasitology. Emmanuel Babatunde Alo Biology Ecosystems Entomology Parasitology == Ihe ndị mere n'oge gara aga == A maara Alo maka ọrụ nyocha ya na usoro nnyefe nke nje HIV na ụdị ọbara ABO na Rhesus. HIV ABO Rhesus<ref name="indmedica1">{{Cite web|url=http://www.indmedica.com/journals.php?journalid=12&issueid=109&articleid=1496&action=article|title=Indmedica - Biomedical Research|work=www.indmedica.com|accessdate=2017-10-20|archivedate=2018-01-15|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180115175851/http://www.indmedica.com/journals.php?journalid=12&issueid=109&articleid=1496&action=article}}</ref> Ọrụ nyocha dị ukwuu nke Alo na ụdị Dennettia tripetala fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ nke na-adịghịzi adị bụ nke National Science and Technology Library nke Gọọmentị China, Institute for Scientific and Technical Information (INIST) nke French National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS) na United Kingdom's Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs. Dennettia tripetala Gọọmentị China National Science and Technology Library French National Center for Scientific Research Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs<ref>http://citation.nstl.gov.cn/detail.jsp?internal_id=2606102{{Dead link|date=August 2019 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref name="Egwunyenga et al 1998">{{Cite journal|author=Egwunyenga|first=O.A.|title=Laboratory evaluation of the repellency of Dennettia tripetala Baker (Anonaceae) to Dermestes maculatus (F.) (Coleoptera: Dermestidae)|journal=Journal of Stored Products Research|date=April 1998|volume=34|issue=2–3|pages=195–199|id={{INIST|2326113}}|doi=10.1016/S0022-474X(97)00021-0}}</ref><ref name="Egwunyenga et al 1998" /> N'afọ 1991, a họpụtara Alo dị ka Dean mbụ na onye guzobere School of Postgraduate Studies na Federal University of Technology Yola. Mahadum Teknụzụ Federal Yola Ọ gara n'ihu na-eje ozi dị ka osote onye isi mahadum site na 1996 ruo 2000, na dị ka onye isi oche na-anọchi anya na 2001. Ọ bụkwa onye isi oche nke Executive Leadership Board nke Rotary International District 9125. Rotary International<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://rotaryintd9125.org/leadership.html|title=Rotaryintd9125.org|accessdate=2010-05-02|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110727223219/http://rotaryintd9125.org/leadership.html|archivedate=2011-07-27}}</ref> == Ọrụ ndị a họọrọ == * United Nations' Aquatic sciences and fisheries abstracts, Mpịakọta nke 19, (E bipụtara na 1989), njikwa ahụhụ jikọtara ọnụ maka mba ndị na-emepe emepe (Nova Science Publishers, 2007) Crop Post-Harvest: Science and Technology, Mpịaka nke 2 (Wiley-Blackwell; mbipụta 1, Nọvemba 5, 2004), United Nations Aquatic sciencies and fisheries abstractions jikọtara njikwa ahụhụ Nova Science Publishers<ref>{{Cite web|author=Chief|first=Editor In|url=http://www.alibris.com/booksearch.detail?invid=10135329940&qtit=Aquatic+sciences+fisheries+abstracts&qsort=p&page=1|title=Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts: Part 1-Biological Sciences and Living Resources (Volume 19, Number 11) - Editor In Chief R. Needham|publisher=Alibris|accessdate=2011-07-15}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.novapublishers.com/catalog/product_info.php?products_id=5553|title=Integrated Pest Management for Developing Countries: A Systematic Overview|publisher=Novapublishers.com|accessdate=2011-07-15}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|author=Golob|first=Peter|title=Crop Post-Harvest: Science and Technology Volume 2 (9780632057245): Rick Hodges, Graham Farrell: Books|isbn=0632057246}}</ref> * Ọganihu na Nnyocha Nje, Vol. 53 Academic Press; 1 mbipụta (Ọktoba 25, 1999) na Ọrụ Mgbasawanye na Nchekwa Anụ Ọhịa: Onye Mgbasa Ozi na Onye Ọrụ Ozi, 22:267-269 Cambridge University Press. Ọganihu na Nnyocha Nje Na Cambridge University Press<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://search.barnesandnoble.com/booksearch/ISBNInquiry.asp?r=1&EAN=9780120398539&cm_mmc=Google%20Book%20Search-_-k118169-_-j14953980-_-Googe%20Book%20Search%20%28non-B%26N%20Imprint%29&IF=N|title=BARNES & NOBLE &#124; Advances in Virus Research, Vol. 53 by Elsevier Science &#124; Hardcover|publisher=Search.barnesandnoble.com|accessdate=2011-07-15|archivedate=2005-10-27|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20051027230918/http://search.barnesandnoble.com/booksearch/ISBNInquiry.asp?r=1&EAN=9780120398539&cm_mmc=Google%20Book%20Search-_-k118169-_-j14953980-_-Googe%20Book%20Search%20%28non-B%26N%20Imprint%29&IF=N}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|author=Alo|first=E.B.|title=Extension Services in Wildlife Conservation: The Extension Agent and Information Worker|journal=Environmental Conservation|date=1995|volume=22|issue=3|pages=267–269|doi=10.1017/S0376892900010699}}</ref> * Ọganihu dị ugbu a na sayensị gburugburu ebe obibi na gburugburu ebe obibi 1996, Mpịakọta 22, mbipụta 1-6.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FWcbAQAAIAAJ&q=%22Alo+E.B.%22|title=Current advances in ecological ... - Google Books|date=2009-09-29|accessdate=2011-07-15}}</ref> * Mmetụta nke ọnụ ọgụgụ osisi na ihe na-eme na nje na-ebute ya Cicadulina spp. (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae). Journal of Plant Protection in the Tropics 10 (2): 77-81. [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji]<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.newcrops.uq.edu.au/listing/zeamays1993.htm|title=zeamays1993|publisher=Newcrops.uq.edu.au|date=2001-01-30|accessdate=2011-07-15|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110722100310/http://www.newcrops.uq.edu.au/listing/zeamays1993.htm|archivedate=2011-07-22}}</ref> * Nkwekọrịta nke nyocha HIV na Naijiria: Nzọụkwụ na-efu efu na nchịkwa HIV / AIDS. Abdulazeez AA, Alo EB, Nassar AS. Nig J. Biomed Sci. 2006; 2: 23-26 * Ụdị anwụnta na micro-habitats ha; Ọrịa na nchịkwa vector, 4:254-261 Ogidi, J.A., Muazu, A.D. na Alo, E.B. (2002). * Biochemistry nke larval Stages nke Meloidogyne incognita (Nematoda). Teknụzụ na Mmepe (Journal of Scientific and Technological Research) 2: 92-98. * ALO, E.B; S.L ASOMBA na C.O.E ONWULIRI (1986). Nnyocha nke ọtụtụ ụmụ ahụhụ nke ụdị ala dị iche iche n'ime Jos Metropolis. Nzukọ nke iri na itoolu kwa afọ nke Entomological Society of Nigeria na Mahadum Ife, Ile-Ife mere n'ụbọchị nke 5-9 n'ọnwa Ọktoba 1986. * Entomology abstracts, Mpịakọta 30 1999, Mbipụta 1-3 Site na Information Retrieval Limited, Cambridge Scientific Abstracts. Cambridge Scientific Abstrracts<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=g-ssAAAAMAAJ&q=%22Alo+E.B.%22|title=Entomology abstracts - Google Books|date=2007-03-06|accessdate=2011-07-15}}</ref> == Ihe odide == {{Reflist|2}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Alo, Emmanuel}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] qxcnmnovfl62vqw125b0z7pwipcj0eb 0 31471 644445 595012 2026-05-31T01:56:58Z Sylvaline39 15355 Fixed reference error 644445 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} {{Infobox officeholder|image=|office=[[Governor of Kebbi State]]|termstart=2 April 2012|termend=29 May 2015|predecessor=Aminu Musa Habib Jega <small>(acting)</small>|successor=[[Abubakar Atiku Bagudu]]|party=[[People's Democratic Party (Nigeria)|People's Democratic Party]] (PDP)}} Usman Sa'idu Nasamu Dakingari (amụrụ na 13 Septemba 1959) bụ onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Naijiria nke jere ozi dị ka gọvanọ nke Kebbi Steeti site na 2007 ruo 2015. Usman Sa'idu Nasamu Dakingari Onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Naijiria Kebbi State A họpụtara ya dịka gọvanọ n'ọnwa Eprel afọ 2007, ọ malitere ọrụ na 29 Mee afọ 2007. Ọ bụ onye otu People's Democratic Party (PDP). Òtù ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ndị mmadụ<ref name="self">{{Cite web|url=http://nggovernorsforum.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=43&Itemid=|title=Governor Sa'idu Usman Nasamu Dakin Gari of Kebbi State|publisher=Nigeria Governors' Forum|accessdate=2010-01-01}}</ref> A họpụtara ya ọzọ na 26 Eprel 2011. Otú ọ dị, na 24 Febụwarị 2012 Ụlọikpe Kasị Elu kwadoro mkpebi nke Kebbi State Election Petition Tribunal nke mebiri nhọpụta ya, ma nye iwu ka e mee ntuli aka ọhụrụ n'ime ụbọchị 90. A họpụtara ya ọzọ na 31 Machị 2012 wee malite ọrụ na 2 Eprel.<ref>{{Cite journal|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/201204021173.html|journal=The Moment (London)|title=Nigeria: Dakingari Wins Kebbi Amid Controversy|author=GARBA MUHAMMAD|date=2 April 2012|accessdate=2012-04-05}}</ref> == Ihe ndị mere n'oge gara aga == A mụrụ Sa'idu Usman Nasamu Dakin Gari nke Kebbi State na 13 Septemba 1959 na Dakin Gari. Ọ gara Sokoto State College of Arts & Science (1979-1981), na Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria (1980-1984), nweta B.A. na Geography. Mahadum Ahmadu Bello Zaria Ọ rụrụ ọrụ mba ya na Ondo State, wee rụọ ọrụ dị ka onye na-eme atụmatụ obodo na Ngalaba Ọrụ na Ụlọ nke Sokoto State (1985-1989). Ọrụ Mba N'afọ 1989, ọ sonyeere ndị ọrụ Customs Service nke Naijiria dị ka Superintendent of Customs.<ref name="self"/> Ọ lụrụ ụmụ nwanyị atọ: Asmau, Zubaidah na Zainab - nwa nwanyị nke Onye isi ala nwụrụ anwụ Umaru Yar'Adua. Umaru Yar'Adua<ref>{{Cite book|author=Kabir|first=Hajara Muhammad|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/890820657|title=Northern women development|date=2010|isbn=978-978-906-469-4|location=[Nigeria]|oclc=890820657}}</ref>Ha nwere ụmụ atọ, Maryam nke okenye, Musa na Umar. == Gọvanọ nke Kebbi Steeti == [[Usòrò:NigeriaKebbi.png|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|200x200px|Kebbi Steeti na Naịjirịa Kebbi Steet Naịjiria]] Mgbe ọ hapụsịrị ọrụ Customs, Dakingari nwere ihe ịga nke ọma n'ịgba ọchịchị nke Kebbi State n'ọnwa Eprel 2007 na ikpo okwu nke Peoples Democratic Party (PDP).<ref name="self"/> A họpụtara Dakingari ọzọ na 26 Eprel 2011. N'abalị iri na asatọ n'ọnwa Mee n'afọ 2011, onye mmegide ya sitere na Congress for Progressive Change (CPC), Malam Abubakar, gbara ntuli aka ahụ aka n'ihi ihe na-ezighị ezi. Nzukọ maka Mgbanwe Na-aga n'ihu Ụlọikpe mkpegharị ntuli aka nke Gọvanọ steeti Kebbi mechara mebie ntuli aka ahụ ma nye iwu ka e mee ntuli aka ọhụrụ. Ụlọikpe mkpegharị ikpe na Sokoto kagburu mmebi ahụ na 29 Disemba 2011, mana enyeghị ihe kpatara mkpebi ya ruo 23 Jenụwarị 2012, ihe karịrị ụbọchị 60 mgbe a nụchara ya. Sokoto N'abalị iri abụọ na anọ n'ọnwa Febụwarị n'afọ 2012, Ụlọikpe Kasị Elu nke Naịjirịa tụfuru mkpebi ikpe nke Ụlọikpe Mkpegharị Ikpe n'ihi igbu oge, kwupụtara na ntuli aka ahụ kagburu ma nye iwu ka e mee ntuli aka ọhụrụ n'ime ụbọchị iri itoolu. Aminu Musa Habib Jega, ọkà okwu nke Kebbi State House of Assembly, e mere ya Gọvanọ na-anọchi anya ya. == Hụkwa == * Ndepụta nke ndị gọvanọ nke Kebbi State == Ihe odide == {{Reflist|refs= [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 8ey8fwu5vbtnltaszlyn55854q86zub 0 31553 644580 141070 2026-05-31T08:39:07Z ~2026-32314-82 62081 Fixed reference errors 644580 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}   A họpụtara Sylvester Udubuisi Anyanwu (amụrụ na 26 Mee 1951) dị ka Senator maka mpaghara Imo North (Okigwe) nke Imo State, Nigeria, na-amalite ọrụ na 29 Mee 2007. Sylvester Udubuisi Anyanwu Imo Steeti Nigeria 2007 Ọ bụ onye otu People's Democratic Party (PDP). Òtù ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ndị mmadụ<ref name="nassnig" /> Anyanwu nwetara nzere bachelọ na ndekọ ego, akụ na ụba na nzere masta na nchịkwa azụmahịa (ego).<ref name="nassnig">{{Cite web|url=http://www.nassnig.org/senate/member.php?senator=69&page=1&state=18|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303204809/http://www.nassnig.org/senate/member.php?senator=69&page=1&state=18|archivedate=2016-03-03|publisher=National Assembly of Nigeria|title=Sen. Sylvester Udubuisi Anyanwu|accessdate=2010-06-08}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://web.archive.org/web/20160303204809/http://www.nassnig.org/senate/member.php?senator=69&page=1&state=18 "Sen. Sylvester Udubuisi Anyanwu"]. National Assembly of Nigeria. Archived from [http://www.nassnig.org/senate/member.php?senator=69&page=1&state=18 the original] on 2016-03-03<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2010-06-08</span></span>.</cite></ref> Ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye na-echekwa ego na mba ofesi ruo ọtụtụ afọ tupu ọ laghachi Naịjirịa. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye otu ndị ntorobịa na Nigeria Customs Service, ma mesịa sonye na ndị agha. N'ikpeazụ, ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka Kọmishọna maka Azụmaahịa na Ụlọ Ọrụ, Imo Steeti na Onye isi oche nke Nkalagu Cement Factory.<ref name="nassnig" /> Mgbe ọ nọsịrị n'oche ya na Senate, a họpụtara ya na kọmitii na steeti na gọọmentị ime obodo, sayensị na teknụzụ, akaụntụ ọha, Niger Delta na nkwukọrịta (onye isi oche).<ref name="nassnig">{{Cite web|url=http://www.nassnig.org/senate/member.php?senator=69&page=1&state=18|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303204809/http://www.nassnig.org/senate/member.php?senator=69&page=1&state=18|archivedate=2016-03-03|publisher=National Assembly of Nigeria|title=Sen. Sylvester Udubuisi Anyanwu|accessdate=2010-06-08}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://web.archive.org/web/20160303204809/http://www.nassnig.org/senate/member.php?senator=69&page=1&state=18 "Sen. Sylvester Udubuisi Anyanwu"]. National Assembly of Nigeria. Archived from [http://www.nassnig.org/senate/member.php?senator=69&page=1&state=18 the original] on 2016-03-03<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2010-06-08</span></span>.</cite></ref> N'ime nyocha nke ndị Senate na Mee 2009, ThisDay nyere ya akara "nkezi", na-ekwu na ọ kwadoro iwu iji guzobe Institute of Treasury Management ma na-arụsi ọrụ ike na Kọmitii nkwukọrịta.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200905250350.html?viewall=1|title=An Improved Senate, But Some Uninspiring Senators...|work=ThisDay|date=24 May 2009|accessdate=2010-06-08}}</ref> N'ikwu okwu banyere steeti Imo, na Naịjirịa n'ozuzu ya, n'ajụjụ ọnụ May 2010 o kwuru na na ntuli aka 2011 na-abịanụ, onye omeiwu ọ bụla, gọvanọ ma ọ bụ onye isi oche gọọmentị ime obodo na-achọ nhọpụta ọzọ ga-enwe ike ịkọwa ihe ha nwetara. O kwuru na inye ike na mmelite na nchekwa bụ isi okwu. == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] o5yyq33ubo6kzjtw2taay5dsb5nre9f 0 31562 644502 631028 2026-05-31T05:54:08Z King ChristLike 13051 King ChristLike moved page [[Eze Nwanyị Okafor]] to [[Queen Okafor]]: Misspelled title 631028 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|URL=}} [[Category:Articles with hCards]] {{Databox}} Queen Nonyerem Okafor bụ nwanyị a mụrụ na Naijiria nke a na-ekwu na ọ bụ nwanyị kacha nwee ntutu na Naijeria. Eze Nwanyị Nonyerem Okafor onye Naijiria<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://africanspotlight.com/tag/queen-okafor/|title=People notice me everywhere I go|publisher=African Spotlight|date=2013-12-23|accessdate=2015-04-06|archivedate=2017-02-02|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170202045650/http://africanspotlight.com/tag/queen-okafor/}}</ref> Nwa amaala Nneobi-Nnewi, Anambra State na South East Nigeria, Queen nọrọ afọ ndị mbụ ya na-agụ akwụkwọ na Owerri. Ọ bụ nwa nke abụọ n'ezinụlọ nwere ụmụ ise.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.nigerianmonitor.com/2013/12/24/photos-meet-nigerias-hairiest-womanqueen-okafor/|title=Meet Nigeria's Hairiest Lady|publisher=The News Monitor Newspaper|date=2013-12-13|accessdate=2015-04-06|archivedate=2013-12-27|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131227052711/http://www.nigerianmonitor.com/2013/12/24/photos-meet-nigerias-hairiest-womanqueen-okafor/}}</ref> Mgbe mbụ a mụrụ n'enweghị ntutu isi, ọ malitere ipu ntutu nke ukwuu mgbe ọ dị afọ 21. O bi ugbu a na Lagos, Nigeria ebe ọ na-agbalị ịbanye na ụlọ ọrụ ihe nkiri Nigeria (nke a na-akpọ Nollywood). Queen na-akpụ ntutu ya mgbe niile.  Ya mere, ọ dịghị ihe ọ̀tụ̀tụ̀ iji gosi ogologo ntutu isi ya n'ezie.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.therepublicnewsonline.com/?p=1173|title=Nigeria's Hairiest Lady Queen Okafor Shows Off What She's Got In New Photos|publisher=Republic News Online|date=2015-04-03|accessdate=2015-04-06|archivedate=2016-03-04|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304062553/http://www.therepublicnewsonline.com/?p=1173}}</ref> == Edensibia == <references group="" responsive="1"></references>     [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] diyjjvfef2df2jf3mbjvev6b594ub20 644504 644502 2026-05-31T05:55:04Z King ChristLike 13051 added {{DEFAULTSORT}} 644504 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|URL=}} [[Category:Articles with hCards]] {{Databox}} Queen Nonyerem Okafor bụ nwanyị a mụrụ na Naijiria nke a na-ekwu na ọ bụ nwanyị kacha nwee ntutu na Naijeria. Eze Nwanyị Nonyerem Okafor onye Naijiria<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://africanspotlight.com/tag/queen-okafor/|title=People notice me everywhere I go|publisher=African Spotlight|date=2013-12-23|accessdate=2015-04-06|archivedate=2017-02-02|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170202045650/http://africanspotlight.com/tag/queen-okafor/}}</ref> Nwa amaala Nneobi-Nnewi, Anambra State na South East Nigeria, Queen nọrọ afọ ndị mbụ ya na-agụ akwụkwọ na Owerri. Ọ bụ nwa nke abụọ n'ezinụlọ nwere ụmụ ise.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.nigerianmonitor.com/2013/12/24/photos-meet-nigerias-hairiest-womanqueen-okafor/|title=Meet Nigeria's Hairiest Lady|publisher=The News Monitor Newspaper|date=2013-12-13|accessdate=2015-04-06|archivedate=2013-12-27|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131227052711/http://www.nigerianmonitor.com/2013/12/24/photos-meet-nigerias-hairiest-womanqueen-okafor/}}</ref> Mgbe mbụ a mụrụ n'enweghị ntutu isi, ọ malitere ipu ntutu nke ukwuu mgbe ọ dị afọ 21. O bi ugbu a na Lagos, Nigeria ebe ọ na-agbalị ịbanye na ụlọ ọrụ ihe nkiri Nigeria (nke a na-akpọ Nollywood). Queen na-akpụ ntutu ya mgbe niile.  Ya mere, ọ dịghị ihe ọ̀tụ̀tụ̀ iji gosi ogologo ntutu isi ya n'ezie.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.therepublicnewsonline.com/?p=1173|title=Nigeria's Hairiest Lady Queen Okafor Shows Off What She's Got In New Photos|publisher=Republic News Online|date=2015-04-03|accessdate=2015-04-06|archivedate=2016-03-04|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304062553/http://www.therepublicnewsonline.com/?p=1173}}</ref> == Edensibia == {{DEFAULTSORT:Okafor, Queen}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] jm3gfgshxvsghl9b78k27oegl0e2nth 0 31565 644499 137682 2026-05-31T05:52:38Z King ChristLike 13051 King ChristLike moved page [[Eze Nwanyị Obisesan]] to [[Queen Obisesan]]: Misspelled title 137682 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}   Queen Obisesan (amụrụ na 15 Septemba 1982) bụ onye Naijiria na-atụpu hama. Onye na-atụpu hama Eze Nwanyị Obises O sonyere na asọmpi African Championships in Athletics, African Games na Commonwealth Games. Asọmpi Afrịka n'egwuregwu African Games Commonwealth Games == Oge ọ malitere ndu ya == A mụrụ Obisesan na 15 Septemba 1982, na Festac Town, Lagos State, Nigeria. Obodo Festac Lagos Steeti == Ọrụ ya == Obisesan bịara nke asatọ na 2010 African Championship na Athletic  O debere ndekọ mba Naijiria ọhụrụ n'afọ 2013, tụpụrụ mita 63.79.[3]  Na 2014, na Commonwealth Games na Glasgow ọ bịara nke iri na atọ na African Championship na Marrakech ọnọdụ ya bụ nke anọ.   na Australia na Asọmpi Afrịka na 2018.[2]  Ọ kụkwara ndekọ mba ya nke 2013, tụbara 65.01 m.[3]  N'afọ 2019, ọ bịara n'ọkwa ise na 2019 Egwuregwu Afrịka na Rabat wee merie asọmpi mba ahụ site n'itinye 65.19m.<ref name="PT">{{Cite news|author=Eludini|first=Tunde|title=New champions emerge at Nigerian Athletics Championships - Premium Times Nigeria|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/343334-new-champions-emerge-at-nigerian-athletics-championships.html|accessdate=7 May 2020|work=Premium Times|date=27 July 2019}}</ref> == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 2w9hv8kmunnl9vrh052lbxe9rv410wy 644501 644499 2026-05-31T05:53:22Z King ChristLike 13051 added {{DEFAULTSORT}} 644501 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Queen Obisesan (amụrụ na 15 Septemba 1982) bụ onye Naijiria na-atụpu hama. Onye na-atụpu hama Eze Nwanyị Obises O sonyere na asọmpi African Championships in Athletics, African Games na Commonwealth Games. Asọmpi Afrịka n'egwuregwu African Games Commonwealth Games == Oge ọ malitere ndu ya == A mụrụ Obisesan na 15 Septemba 1982, na Festac Town, Lagos State, Nigeria. Obodo Festac Lagos Steeti == Ọrụ ya == Obisesan bịara nke asatọ na 2010 African Championship na Athletic  O debere ndekọ mba Naijiria ọhụrụ n'afọ 2013, tụpụrụ mita 63.79.[3]  Na 2014, na Commonwealth Games na Glasgow ọ bịara nke iri na atọ na African Championship na Marrakech ọnọdụ ya bụ nke anọ.   na Australia na Asọmpi Afrịka na 2018.[2]  Ọ kụkwara ndekọ mba ya nke 2013, tụbara 65.01 m.[3]  N'afọ 2019, ọ bịara n'ọkwa ise na 2019 Egwuregwu Afrịka na Rabat wee merie asọmpi mba ahụ site n'itinye 65.19m.<ref name="PT">{{Cite news|author=Eludini|first=Tunde|title=New champions emerge at Nigerian Athletics Championships - Premium Times Nigeria|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/343334-new-champions-emerge-at-nigerian-athletics-championships.html|accessdate=7 May 2020|work=Premium Times|date=27 July 2019}}</ref> == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Obisesan, Queen}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] p6zt5aqaqjkvkap3toyb3d0izb4jhkt 0 31665 644094 127385 2026-05-30T15:47:48Z Mirah50 16972 Fixed reference errors 644094 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|name=Tawar Umbi Wada|image=|birth_date=27 January 1957|birth_place=[[Gombe State]], [[Nigeria]]|death_date=31 March 2010}} A họpụtara Tawar Umbi Wada (1957-2010) ka ọ bụrụ Senator maka Gombe South nke Gombe State, Nigeria, na-amalite ọrụ na 29 Mee 2003, ma họpụta ya ọzọ na 2007. Tawar Umbi Wada Gombe Steeti Nigeria Ọ bụ onye otu People's Democratic Party (PDP). Òtù ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ndị mmadụ<ref name="tday350">{{Cite web|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200905250350.html?viewall=1|title=An Improved Senate, But Some Uninspiring Senators...|work=ThisDay|date=24 May 2009|accessdate=2010-06-11}}</ref> A mụrụ Wada na 27 Jenụwarị 1957.<ref name="tday517">{{Cite web|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/201004120517.html|title=Gombe - Two Deaths Too Many|work=ThisDay|author=Sheriff Balogun|date=11 April 2010|accessdate=2010-06-11}}</ref> Ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ iwu na Mahadum Jos, a kpọkwara ya ka ọ bụrụ ọkàiwu n'afọ 1983. Mahadum nke Jos<ref name="next146">{{Cite web|url=http://234next.com/csp/cms/sites/Next/Home/5548584-146/story.csp|title=Tawar Umbi Wada is dead|author=Emmanuel Ogala|date=March 31, 2010|work=Next|accessdate=2010-06-11|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303232928/http://234next.com/csp/cms/sites/Next/Home/5548584-146/story.csp|archivedate=March 3, 2016}}</ref> O mechara nweta diplọma postgraduate na journalism. Ọ bụ osote onye nduzi na Federal Ministry of Science and Technology na Ministry of Police Affairs, Attorney General na Commissioner of Justice na Gombe State.<ref name="next146" /> Ọ rụkwara ọrụ na Corporate Affairs Commission.<ref name="tday517" /> N'oge ọ na-arụ ọrụ na Senate, ọ bụ onye isi oche nke Kọmitii Ozi na Mgbasa Ozi na Ọrụ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/201004020194.html|title=Wada, Senator Representing Gombe South, is Dead|work=Daily Independent|author=Adetutu Folasade-Koyi|date=31 March 2010|accessdate=2010-06-11}}</ref> N'ime nyocha nke ndị Senate na Mee 2009, ThisDay kwuru na ọ kwadoro ụgwọ maka Nigerian Academy of Sciences na Enhanced Services for Federal Law Officers.<ref name="tday350" /> Ọ bụ onye isi oche kọmitii Senate na Ọrụ Ugbo tupu ọnwụ ya.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://234next.com/csp/cms/sites/Next/Home/5554884-146/senators_mourn_dead_colleagues__.csp|title=Senators mourn dead colleagues|work=Next|author=Emmanuel Ogala|date=April 15, 2010|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100417091031/http://234next.com/csp/cms/sites/Next/Home/5554884-146/senators_mourn_dead_colleagues__.csp|archivedate=April 17, 2010}}</ref> Ọ nwụrụ na 31 Machị 2010 na Abuja mgbe ọ dị afọ 53.<ref name="next146" /> == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}} 61woj941qsap05dyynpcqb2u7jziisf 0 31666 644479 538428 2026-05-31T05:37:56Z King ChristLike 13051 improved 644479 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Benjamin Ndubuisi Eze (amuru Febụwarị 8, 1981) bụ onye Naijiria-Itali [1] bụbu onye egwuregwu bọọlụ .  Ọ bụ 2.08m (6 ft 10 in) ogologo etiti . == Ọrụ ọkachamara == E si na Nigeria butere Eze na Rọshịa n'oge oge 1998-99, ebe ọ na-egwu egwuregwu 1 na Avtodor Saratov .  Mgbe Eze nke Rọshịa, ọ kwagara United States wee bịanye aka na ya na Mahadum Louisville Kadịnal .  atụmatụ, ekwuputara Eze egwu ntozu n'ihi egwuregwu na Rọshịa maka afọ 1999-00 basketball.  Ọ ụmụaka na-abụ nke Southern Idaho junior, ebe ọ gbagoro isi 7.5 na nkwụghachi 5.2 kwa egwuregwu.  O kwuputara na ya tozuru oke maka akwụkwọ 2001 NBA mana emebeghi ya . . <ref>{{Cite news|title=Dinamo Sassari signs Benjamin Eze|url=http://www.sportando.net/eng/italy/serie-a/73389/dinamo-sassari-signs-benjamin-eze.html|accessdate=6 February 2014|work=Sportando.net}}</ref>Na 2011, ọ bịanyere aka na Olimpia Milano .  [1] Na February 6, 2014, ọ bịanyere aka na Dinamo Sassari == Otu mba Naijiria == Eze nọchitere anya Naijiria na nche FIBA ​​Africa nke afọ 2005, ebe Naijiria gụchara n'ọkwa nke atɔ, wee ruo eruo maka mba ụwa FIBA ​​nke afọ 2006.  Eze esoghị ndị otu Naijiria na nche mba ụwa. == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Eze, Benjamin Ndubuisi}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 1z34yp8mihy51f26d3slcoj49rmyi0t 0 31904 644306 137488 2026-05-30T20:47:19Z Neme244 16387 added DEFAULTSORT 644306 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}   Emmanuel Ekpo (amuru 20 December 1987 na Ekori ) bu onye okacha amara n'ike Naijiria . == Ọrụ == Ekpo na nwata ya na usoro nke Calabar Rovers, tupu ọ gaa n'ihu na-egwu egwu maka Akwa United na Enyimba na Nigeria Premier League Ekpo bịanyere aka n'ịgbanwe na Columbus Crew na 15 ụgbọ mmiri 2008, [1] wee ikike ihe ngosi ngwa mbụ dị egwu maka ndị ọrụ na 28 June 2008, na egwuregwu Colorado Rapids .  [2] Ọ gara n'ihu bụ uru uru nke ndị otu Crew nke meri 2008 MLS Cup, 2008 MLS Supporters Shield na 2009 Ndị na-akwado ọta na-ekwughachi, na-enye ihe omume egwuregwu 80 na nzaghachi niile na oge atọ.  .  mbụ ya na ahụ. === Mba ụwa === Na 6 Septemba 2011, Ekpo nwetara okpu mbụ ya na ndị otu egwuregwu. Ọ gbara nkeji iri abụọ na mmeri 3–1 meriri Argentina na asọmpi enyi. == Ọnụ ọgụgụ ọrụ == === Klọb === <references group="" responsive="1"></references> {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" |+Mpụta na ihe mgbaru ọsọ site na klọb, oge na asọmpi ! rowspan="2" | Klọb ! rowspan="2" | Oge ! colspan="3" | Njikọ ! colspan="2" | Iko Mba ! colspan="2" | Kọntinental ! colspan="2" | Ndị ọzọ ! colspan="2" | Mkpokọta |- ! Nkewa ! Ngwa ! Ebumnuche ! Ngwa ! Ebumnuche ! Ngwa ! Ebumnuche ! Ngwa ! Ebumnuche ! Ngwa ! Ebumnuche |- | rowspan="5" valign="center" | Columbus Crew | 2008 | rowspan="4" valign="center" | Major League bọọlụ | 20 | 2 | | | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - | 20 | 2 |- | 2009 | 30 | 2 | | | 6 | 0 | colspan="2" | - | 36 | 2 |- | 2010 | 26 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 6 | 1 | colspan="2" | - | 35 | 1 |- | 2011 | 32 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | colspan="2" | - | 34 | 1 |- ! colspan="2" | Mkpokọta ! 108 ! 5 ! 3 ! 0 ! 14 ! 1 ! - ! - ! 125 ! 6 |- | rowspan="4" valign="center" | Molde | 2012 | rowspan="3" valign="center" | Tippeligaen | 13 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 0 | colspan="2" | - | 16 | 0 |- | 2013 | 25 | 0 | 4 | 1 | 4 | 0 | colspan="2" | - | 33 | 1 |- | 2014 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | colspan="2" | - | 4 | 0 |- ! colspan="2" | Mkpokọta ! 40 ! 0 ! 7 ! 1 ! 6 ! 0 ! - ! - ! 53 ! 1 |- | valign="center" | Haugesund | 2014 | Tippeligaen | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | colspan="2" | - | 3 | 10 |- | valign="center" | Mpaghara ọwụwa anyanwụ | 2016–17 | Asọmpi bọọlụ New Zealand | 4 | 0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - | 4 | 0 |- ! colspan="3" | Ngụkọta ọrụ ! 153 ! 5 ! 10 ! 1 ! 22 ! 1 ! - ! - ! 185 ! 7 |} == Ntụaka == {{DEFAULTSORT:Ekpo, Emmanuel}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 3go250dtpird52gufvkpfcc8vtkh3o0 0 31905 644302 198004 2026-05-30T20:41:21Z Neme244 16387 added DEFAULTSORT 644302 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Emmanuel E Ikwue (amuru 6 June 1940) bu onye isi ndi agha ikuku nke Naijiria site na 1969 rue 1975. [1] Brigadier Ikwue bụ onye ọchịagha nke ise nke ndị agha mmiri (NAF), onye nke atọ nwera ọkwa ahụ.  N'ịbụ onye mgbaàmà na Disemba 1969, ọ bụ onye mbụ na-ejide ụlọ ọrụ a dị ka onye isi ndị ọrụ, Nigerian Air Force. == Ndụ mmalite na agụmakwụkwọ == Brigadier Ikwue na 6 June 1940 na Otukpo, Benue State.  Ọ gara Methodist Central School Otukpo emesia ọ gakwara ụlọ akwụkwọ ndị agha ụgbọ mmiri site na 1954 ruo 1958. Ọ debanyere aha na [[Nigerian Army]] wee ziga ya maka ụdị onye otu Course 11, Regular Officers Special Training School Teshie, Accra, [[Ghana]] (1958 -  1959).  Mgbe nke ahụ, ọ gara Mons Officer Cadet School, Aldershot, na Royal Military Academy Sandhurst (1959). Enyere ya ọrụ na 1961 wee ziga ya na 1st Battalion Enugu.  Na 1962 ọ jere ozi na ọrụ nchekwa na Congo n'okpuru Nkwado nke United Nations.  Na 1963, a nyocha ya onye ọrụ Captain (A) na Late Brigadier Maimalari, onye na-achị 2 Brigade NA mgbe ahụ.  Ọ bụ mgbe ọ na-eje ozi n'enwere a ka a mgbaàmà ya na NAF.  Na nke abụọ na NAF, Ikwue ikike indoctrination na orientation nke ndị agha na [[Jémanị|Germany]] n'etiti 1963 na 1964. Mgbe o si Germany lọta, a ule ya dị ka Senior Air Officer Administration na HQ NAF, Lagos na 1965 ya na onye German  dịka onye gị.  Ọ bụ n'akwa ka o nọmba ọrụ maka ndị ọrụ NAF.  N'afọ 1965, Prime Minister Tafawa Balewa mgbaàmà Ikwue ka ọ bụrụ onye ọrụ ụgbọ mmiri na Jamanị.  Na Jamanị, ọ bụ ya na-ahụ maka ihe ndị agha niile n ọrụ ndị na-anya anya niile dị na Yurop.  Na 1968, a mgbaàmà ya Doyen, onye isi ndị agha Attaché Referat (Corps) na Germany.  Ya mere, ọ bụ onye mbụ Afrika na onye mbụ na-enweta NATO General ga-abụ Oga ndị agha nke nwere ndị agha sitere na 35 mba.  N'afọ 1969, e chetara Ikwue wee họpụta onye ọchịchịagha nke ise nke NAF na onye otu Supreme Military and Federal Executive Councils.  Ọ bụ onye ọrụ mbụ a mgbaàmà n'ụdị onye isi ndị ọrụ ikuku.  O mere nhọpụta a ruo mgbe ọ lara ezumike nká na 1975. == Ihe nrite == . <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.idomaland.org/icon/brigadier-emmanuel-e-ikwue|title=Brigadier Emmanuel e Ikwue}}</ref>N'ịkwado ọrụ ya na mba ahụ, e nyere ya Nrite Independence Medal, Kongo Medal na Long Service and Good conduct Medal.  NAF n nke nke ya, akwụkwọ akụkọ ya site na nturu ugo nke Medal Service Distinguished and Distinguished Flying Star.  Brigadier Ikwue na ezumike nka gara n'ịgba nkume.  Ọ bụkwa n'otu oge onye isi oche, Nigerian Bank for Commerce and Industry.  Ọ bụkwa onye isi oche, Board of Directors, Ashaka Cement Plc (onye nhọrọ nke LaFarge SA Paris) ruo 2012. O nwetakwara nzere bachelọ na nkà ọgụ na ezumike nka. == Ndụ onwe onye == Ugbu a ọ bụ onyeisi oche nke G. Cappa PLC. Ọ lụọla nwaanyị, mụtakwa ụmụ. == Ntụaka == {{DEFAULTSORT:Ikwue, Emmanuel E}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 6dfknczf0d84h9nvg8nei8erlbtei53 0 31908 644298 444276 2026-05-30T20:34:56Z Neme244 16387 added DEFAULTSORT 644298 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} {{Infobox officeholder | name = Emmanuel Dangana Ocheja | imagesize = | caption = | office = Senator of the 7th National Assembly | constituency = Kogi East | alongside = [[Smart Adeyemi]] and [[Nurudeen Abatemi]] | preceded = [[Nicholas Ugbane]] | birth_date = April 3 | birth_place = [[Idah]], [[Kogi State]] | party = [[All Progressives Congress]] (January 2015-Date) [[People's Democratic Party (Nigeria)]] (2001-2014) | spouse = Mrs. A.P Ocheja | alma_mater = [[Ahmadu Bello University]] <small>([[LLB]])</small> | occupation = Lawyer | profession = Politician, Lawyer | website = {{url|danganaocheja.com}} }} Emmanuel Dangana Ocheja {{Audio|Yo-Emmanuel Dangana Ocheja.ogg|Audio}} bụ onye omebe iwu Naijiria na-anya anya Kogi East senatorial district na National Assembly, na onye otu All Progressives Congress . Ocheja bụ onye isi ụlọ ọrụ Dangana Global Legal Services (nke bụbu Dangana, Musa & Co), ụlọ ọrụ iwu dabere na Abuja, Kano na Lagos steeti na Nigeria . == Ndụ mmalite na agụmakwụkwọ == Ocheja na Idah, Kogi State .  Ọ bụ onye akwụkwọ akwụkwọ na iwu na Mahadum Ahmadu Bello, Zaria, Nigeria.  <nowiki></link></nowiki>[ a nkịtị ] A egwuregwu Ocheja na Mallam Yusuf Okpanachi Ocheja (nna) na Princess Ajuma Ocheja (née Obaje) (nne).  Ọ bụ onye otu ndị eze nguzobe nke Igala Kingdom dị ka onye kpọmkwem HRM Aiyegba oma Idoko (nna nke Inippi) site nna ya.  Nne ya bụ nwanne Atta (Eze) nke Igala Kingdom HRM Dr. Aliyu Obaje GCFR na nso nso a. . Ocheja debara aha na St. Boniface Primary School na Idah ebe o mgbochi izizi ya n'ulo akwukwo.  Ọ gakwara ụlọ akwụkwọ anyị dị n'Anyigba, Kogi steeti.  Ọ bụ ọrụ dị ka Head Boy ebe ahụ n'etiti 1973 na 1975. Ọ bụkwa onye isi oche nke ike n'ike akwụkwọ ahụ.  Ọ debara aha maka diploma na programmụ iwu na Ahmadu Bello nke ọ gụchara na 1978. Ọdị LL ya.  B nzere site na otu mahadum ahụ na June 1981. Akpọrọ Ocheja na ụlọ akwụkwọ Naijiria na Julaị 1982 ka akwụkwọ akwụkwọ na Nigerian Law School, Victoria Island, Lagos == Ọrụ ọkachamara == Barista Ocheja mere National Youth Service Corps (NYSC) na Faulty of Law na Mahadum Ahmadu Bello na nrịanrịa 1982/1983.  Ọ sonyeere ndị nke BG Ahmed & Co na 1983 wee ruo n'ọkwa onye isi nke ịgba akwụkwọ.  Ọ ụlọ ọrụ ahụ na 1986 ka ọ tọ Dangana, Musa & Co;  ụlọ ọrụ iwu nkeonwe na Kano State .  Firmlọ ọrụ ahụ nha aha ya gaa Dangana Global Legal Services na 2012. Ndị ji ahụ nwere ụlọ ọrụ na Abuja (Headquarters), Lagos na steeti steeti.  <nowiki></link></nowiki>[ a nkịtị ] N'afọ 2003, Ocheja mmetụta nhọpụta ndị People's Democratic Party ka ọ bụrụ ịzọ ọkwa Kogi steeti ndị isi ala Prince Abubakar Audu nke All Nigeria Peoples Party .  Ọzọ primaries nke PDP megide Senator Ahmed Tijani Ahmed, Alhaji Ibrahim Idris, AVM Isaac Alfa rtd, Senator Alex Kadiri, Engr.  Emmanuel Uchola, na ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ ozi.  Alhaji Ibrahim Idris meri na primaries wee gaa n'ihu imeri ọhụrụ aka izugbe n'April 2003. Ka e meri ya na primaries pati ahụ, Ocheja ihe na People's Democratic Party ma zọọ ọkwa maka mmeri nke onye na-azọ ọkwa ya (Alhaji Ibrahim  Idris) na mbụ.  Idriis ọkpọ Ocheja onye / ihe nke kọmitii egbochi nke mere ka Prince Abubakar Audu esi n'aka .  </njikọ === Nhọpụta ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị === N'afọ 2005, Onye isi ala Olusegun Obasanjo ihe Barrister Ocheja ka ọ bụrụ Oga oche nke Board of directors of Integrated Data Services Limited (IDSL: A menu nke NNPC ).  Ọ la ihie na ndị ụkwụ ndị ọzọ Kogi n'afọ 2008 ka ọ bụrụ onye isi oche nke steeti People's Democratic Party, na-e-ebe nchekwa nke emere site na nrịgo nke Chief John Odawn n'ime onye isi oche nke pati ahụ.  A nhụta ka ọ bụrụ Louis oche nke Kogi State Local Government Service Commission mgbe e ịhụ n'ime otu afọ ahụ. === 2011 ntuli aka === N'ọgwụgwụ afọ 2010, Ocheja elele ebumnobi ya ịzọ vootu n'ime arọ omebe iwu Naijiria ka ọ bụrụ Senator na nhụ nke asaa (2011-2015) n'elu ikpo okwu nke People's Democratic Party.  Ọzọ zọọ mbụ mbụ Ambassador Isaac Onu (onye nnochite anya Naijiria na Botswana mgbe ahụ), AVM Isaac Alfa (onye bụbu onye isi ọrụ ụgbọ elu 1999–2001), Attai Aidoko Usman (onye bụbu oga oche nke ndị Nnọchiteanya na FCT).  ), Barrister.  Kabiru Mohammed, Abdulrahman Abubakar (onye bụbu onye isi njikwa ụlọ ọrụ ụgbọ oloko Naijiria), Hajiya Halima Alfa, na ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ.  Ocheja primaries pati ahụ site na ahia vootu 820 wee merie Alfa na Onu bụ ndị ikike vootu 543 na 344 n'otu n'otu. Ocheja merikwara ntọala izugbe megide onye isi ya bụ Attai Aidoko Usman bụ onye bunyere ọkọlọtọ All Nigeria Peoples Party .  Hon.  Usman apụtala dịka onye ga-azọ ọkwa ANPP ka ọ batachara n'otu pati mgbe o meri Ocheja tiketi PDP.  N'ihu aka e mere n' ngosi ngosi 2011, Ocheja igodo vootu 131,386 na Hon.  Usman nwere vootu 114,786. === Ọrụ Senate === Ocheja ṅụrụ iyi dị ka Senator na- anya anya Kogi East (Igala/Bassa na-ekwu okwu na Kogi State ) na National Assembly na 6 June 2011. <nowiki></link></nowiki>[ a Vared ] . <ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-07-14|title=ECOWAS gives ex-President Jonathan new appointment|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/foreign/west-africa-foreign/402919-ecowas-gives-ex-president-jonathan-new-appointment.html|accessdate=2021-01-23|language=en-GB}}</ref>President Goodluck Jonathan (dị ka Oga oche nke Authority of Heads of heads of the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) na President nke Federal Republic of Nigeria) ṅụrụ Senator Ocheja iyi ọrụ dị ka onye nke Nigeria na ndị omeiwu mpaghara ECOWAS na  11 Ọgọst 2011 ==== Nhọpụta kọmitii ==== N'nọnnọ September afọ 2011, Louis ụlọomeiwu Sineti David Mark Mark Senator Ocheja dị ka osote Louis oche nke kọmitii sineti na ndị agha mmiri.  Akpọrọ aha dịka onye so na kọmitii senate na Defence & Army, Appropriation, Gas, Judiciary, Human Rights & Legal Matters, na Privatization.  <nowiki></link></nowiki>[ a nkịtị ] [[Usòrò:APC_Rally.jpg|áká_èkpè|thumb|300x300px| Sen. Ocheja bịarutere na nnọkọ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị APC nke afọ 2015 na Kogi steeti]] Ocheja gbara arụkwaghịm n'otu pati People's Democratic Party n'afọ 2014 maka icheghị ya na ụfọdụ ike n'ime pati ahụ yana ngosi mma nke ụfọdụ ndị isi ụdị n'elu ikpo okwu ya.  Agbakwaghịm arụkwaghịm ahụ akwụkwọ asịrị nke iwe ya na ụlọ PDP ngosi n'afọ 2012 mgbe ọ umua ọma Gọvanọ Idris Ichalla Wada nyere ya ka ọ bụrụ oche nke Board of Town Planning Development Authority na Kogi steeti.  Ɔka n'ihu ọha sitere sitere n'aka ndị na-akwado ya ka ha zọọ ọhụrụ aka ndị omebe iwu nke afọ 2015, na-ịbụ ndị na-agụ uche uche n'ịgbasawanye ọrụ iwu ya na Abuja.  O kwuputara n'ihu ọha na ya bụ otu ndọrọndọrọ nhọrọ All Progressives Congress (APC) n'ahụ asaa nke ọnwa Febụwarị 2015 n'agbanyeghị na amaara ya na ọ batala na pati ahụ ogologo oge tupu mgbe ahụ.  Na emume nkepụ ya, o kwere nkwa ọrụ ọrụ iji wepụta mmeri nye ndị niile na-achọ ntọala aka n'elu okwu ikpo APC na Kogi State .  Ọ bụ osote aka na nriala APC na mpaghara North Central Nigeria maka mmalite 2015. Ọ jere ozi dị ka eg oche oche nke iwu Legal nke All Progressives Congress Presidential, National Assembly, na Gọvanọ elu aka na Kogi steeti na 2015. <nowiki></link></nowiki>[  a mụrụ ] Ocheja achọghị ụlọ ọrụ nhọpụta na 2019. O jigidere n'otu APC ma kpọsa ndị na-azọ ọkwa ya na steeti Kogi niile n'ịwulite na n'oge mbụ aka.  Dị ka onye kwere na President Muhammadu Buhari na ndị ya, Ocheja ji ọtụtụ nrịanrịa mee ka ndị na-eme atụmatụ aka na Kogi mara ihe mere a ga-eji achọ oche ọzọ nakwa na mkpa ọ dị vootu ndị otu APC n'oche.  ụgbọ mba ka e wee hụ na mmetụta dị n'otu.  yana dị n'etiti ụlọ omebe iwu na ogwe aka ndị isi nke egwuregwu N'ọnwa Septemba afọ 2018, e chiri Ocheja dịka otu n'ime ndị isi oche kọmitii APC maka primaries nke gọvanọ nke pati ahụ. Ọ duru ndị otu ya na mmadụ isii ndị ọzọ mee mmemme ahụ na steeti Taraba. [[Usòrò:L-R_Senator_Abiola_Ajimobi,_Dr.Kayode_Fayemi,_Senator_Oserheimen_Osunbor,_Ahmed_Gulak,_Senator_Ocheja,_Chief_Clement_Ebri,_Ademola_Rasaq_Seriki,_Pius_Odubu,_and_Major_Gen._Lawrence_Onoja_rtd._being_sworn_in.jpg|thumb| LR Senator Abiola Ajimobi, Dr.Kayode Fayemi, Senator Oserheimen Osunbor, Ahmed Gulak, Senator Ocheja, Chief Clement Ebri, Ademola Rasaq Seriki, Pius Odubu, na Major Gen. Lawrence Onoja rtd. na-aṅụ iyi]] Sinetọ Ocheja bụ onye Nkwado mbụ maka mbụ onye isi ala Sinetọ Bola Tinubu .  Tupu e mee ka onye isi ala APC, Sinetọ Ocheja bụ osote onye nhazi otu Tinubu Support Group Kogi steeti ;  ọgụ ndị na-akwado Tinubu na njikere niile.  O nyere otu ụlọ ọrụ dị na Idah, Kogi steeti .  Ka e mechara Sinetọ Bola Tinubu dị ka onye ga-azọ ọkwa Ogaala n'otu pati APC na-achị achị, Sinetọ Ocheja gbasiri ike na ụgbọ agha ndị ya, wee gafe ume ala Naịjiria wee ree ntụzịaka Tinubu .  Ọ Manuel ọrụ iji mee ka Ndị ndọrọ ndọrọ dị ka onwe ya nabata tiketi Muslim-muslim APC site n'ịgba ndị iro aka ka ha na-acha anya na-emekọrịta dị mma nke ndị na-eme ka ndị agha ha.  Ocheja jere ozi dịka onye so na kọmitii nriala nke APC maka mmalite 2023. Ọ bụkwa onye ntụzi ego na ụmụaka (Kogi State) nke Tinubu/Shettima Independent Campaign Council (ICC). == Nkwenye == Ocheja were turban ka Akomu Atta Igala nke HRM Dr. Aliyu Obaje (onye na-achị isi nke ndị Igala ) na 27 Disemba 2009. Na mmemme ahụ, HRM Dr.  onye nyere aka n'ụzọ dị ukwuu n'ịkwalite mpaghara ahụ N'ọgbọ ọdịnala ndị Igala, a na-ekele Senator Ocheja site na ókè nke "Doga" iji gosi aha ya.  ọ na-agba == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Ocheja, Emmanuel Dangana}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] lvubsyzfe82oze87nuew9bf6v62byo0 0 32328 644018 142689 2026-05-30T13:49:35Z Chiziqa 13055 Fixed reference error 644018 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}   '''[[Cameroon]]" id="mwDg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Oku, Cameroon">Oku_Massif" id="mwDA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Oku Massif">Ugwu Oku''', ma ọ bụ '''Ugwu Kilum''', bụ ugwu mgbawa kachasị ukwuu na Oku Massif, na Cameroon Volcanic Line, nke dị na mpaghara Oku nke Western High Plateau nke Cameroon.Ọ bụ ugwu nke abụọ kachasị elu na Central Africa.Ugwu stratovolcano ahụ na-arịgo ruo mita 3,011 (9,879 n'elu oke osimiri, nnukwu caldera gburu ya. == Ọdịdị ala == Ụfọdụ n'ime nkume ndị ahụ nwere afọ ndị malitere site na 24.9 ruo 22.1 nde afọ gara aga, mana ọtụtụ ọrụ ndị ọzọ emeela n'oge na-adịbeghị anya.A na-ewu ugwu ahụ site na lavas basalt na Hawaiitic, nke trachytes nọchiri, na nnukwu mpịakọta nke trachytic na rhyolitic ignimbrites nwere ọkpụrụkpụ ruru 1,000 m. E mepụtara lavas trachytic, tuffs na breccias ndị ọzọ, na nke kachasị ọhụrụ mepụtara cones pyroclastic na craters mgbawa.&nbsp;Otu n'ime oghere ndị a nwere Ọdọ Mmiri Oku, nke na-esi na ya na-asọpụta basalt n'ebe ugwu, na nke rhyolitic na phonolitic lavas n'ebe ndịda. == Mmekọrịta gburugburu ebe obibi == A chọtara obere obodo sphagnum na ụdị osisi ndị metụtara ya na 2,900 m na 1997, n'akụkụ elu ugwu ahụ, sphagnum bog kachasị elu na West Africa. &nbsp;Ebe a gụnyere ọtụtụ ụdị osisi dị na mpaghara Kilum-Ijim, ọ dịkwa oke mkpa nchedo.Oké ọhịa 200 nke Kilum-Ijim gburugburu ugwu ahụ mejupụtara nnukwu mpaghara ugwu fọdụrụ na West Africa, ebe obibi dị mkpa maka ụdị anụmanụ na osisi.&nbsp;²Oké ọhịa ahụ nọ n'ihe ize ndụ, ebe ọ bụ na ọtụtụ ebe obibi mmadụ gbara ya gburugburu.BirdLife International na Ministry of the Environment and Forestry na-arụkọ ọrụ ọnụ na Kilum-Ijim Forest Project, nke na-ezube ichekwa ihe ndị dị n'oké ọhịa, na-elekọta ụdị dị iche iche ma hụ na a na-eji ya eme ihe ọzọ. Ihe ka ukwuu n'ógbè dị n'ime ókèala Kilum-Ijim dị n'elu mita 2000 n'ịdị elu, ma nwee ọhịa ugwu na-agwakọta na ala ahịhịa na obodo ndị dị n'okpuru ugwu. N'ebe dị ala, e kpochapụrụ ihe ka ukwuu n'ọhịa ndị dị n'okpuru ugwu maka ọrụ ugbo. Dabere na foto satellite, n'etiti 1958 na 1988 ihe dị ka ọkara nke oké ọhịa ahụ furu efu, ọ bụ ezie na mmelite malitere n'oge na-adịghị anya mgbe a malitere ọrụ nchekwa na 1987. Kemgbe ahụ, e nweela mgbake siri ike nke ebe nchekwa ọhịa, nke dị n'okpuru nlekọta nke obodo Kilum-Ijim. Ụdị ndị nọ n'ihe ize ndụ a na-ahụ naanị n'Ugwu Oku gụnyere Ugwu Oku hylomyscus, òké Dieterlen's brush-furred, Lake Oku clawed frog, Crotaphatrema lamottei Ugwu Oku caecilian na frog ''Wolterstorffina chirioi''. <ref>{{Cite book|title=An IUCN situation analysis of terrestrial and freshwater fauna in West and Central Africa|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=00cOCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA54|year=2015|publisher=IUCN|isbn=978-2-8317-1721-0}}</ref>Ala ahịhịa dị n'elu ọhịa ahụ bụ ebe obibi nke òké ahịhịhịa Mittendorf. == Hụkwa == * Ndepụta nke Ultras nke Africa * Ọdọ Mmiri Nyos * Ọdọ Mmiri Monoun == Ihe odide == {{Reflist|1|refs=<ref name=BirdLifeBamenda>{{cite web |url = http://www.birdlife.org/action/ground/bamenda/index.html |title = Conserving Afromontane Forest in the Bamenda Highlands of Cameroon |publisher = [[BirdLife International]] |access-date = 2011-02-06 |url-status = dead |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20101214021722/http://birdlife.org/action/ground/bamenda/index.html |archive-date = 2010-12-14 }}It is the second highest mountain in mainland [[Central Africa]].<ref name=BirdLifeBamenda/></ref> <ref name=Maisels2000>{{cite journal |title=Rare plants on Mount Oku summit, Cameroon |author1=Fiona G. Maisels |author2=Martin Cheek |author3=Chris Wild |journal=Oryx |volume=34| issue = 2 |pages=136–140 |date=April 2000|doi=10.1046/j.1365-3008.2000.00107.x|doi-access=free}} [[BirdLife International]] and the Ministry of the Environment and Forestry are jointly operating the Kilum-Ijim Forest Project, which aims to conserve the forest biome, maintain biodiversity and ensure sustainable reuse.<ref name=Maisels2000/></ref> <ref name=RBG>{{cite web |url=http://www.kew.org/gis/projects/oku_cameroon/index.html |title=Projects: Mount Oku and Ijim Ridge (Cameroon) |publisher=Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew |access-date=2011-02-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110629210322/http://www.kew.org/gis/projects/oku_cameroon/index.html |archive-date=2011-06-29 |url-status=dead }}Endangered endemic species found exclusively on Mount Oku include the [[Mount Oku hylomyscus]], the [[Dieterlen's brush-furred mouse]], the [[Lake Oku clawed frog]], [[Crotaphatrema lamottei]] the Mount Oku caecilian and the toad ''[[Wolterstorffina chirioi]]''.<ref name=RBG/></ref> <ref name=smithsonian>{{cite web |url=http://www.volcano.si.edu/world/volcano.cfm?vnum=0204-03- |title=Oku Volcanic Field |publisher=Smithsonian |access-date=2011-02-01}} The [[stratovolcano]] rises to {{convert|3011|m|ft|0}} above sea level, and is cut by a large [[caldera]].<ref name=smithsonian/></ref> <ref name=Woolley2001>{{cite book |chapter=Oku |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=K48ZMBWtoi4C&pg=PA35 |page=35 |title=Alkaline rocks and carbonatites of the world, Part 3 |author=Alan Robert Woolley |publisher=Geological Society |year=2001 |isbn=1-86239-083-5}}'''Mount Oku''', or '''Kilum Mountain''', is the largest volcano in the [[Oku Massif]], in the [[Cameroon Volcanic Line]], located in the [[Oku, Cameroon|Oku]] region of the [[Western High Plateau]] of [[Cameroon]].<ref name=Woolley2001/></ref>}} == Njikọ mpụga == * [http://www.peakbagger.com/peak.aspx?pid=11098 "Ugwu Oku, Cameroon" na Peakbagger] [[Òtù:Wiki activate SDG]] d85hduz590g2ke3x1xhbyfwjl57wb6t 644019 644018 2026-05-30T13:52:23Z Chiziqa 13055 644019 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}   '''[[Cameroon]]" id="mwDg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Oku, Cameroon">Oku_Massif" id="mwDA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Oku Massif">Ugwu Oku''', ma ọ bụ '''Ugwu Kilum''', bụ ugwu mgbawa kachasị ukwuu na Oku Massif, na Cameroon Volcanic Line, nke dị na mpaghara Oku nke Western High Plateau nke Cameroon.Ọ bụ ugwu nke abụọ kachasị elu na Central Africa.Ugwu stratovolcano ahụ na-arịgo ruo mita 3,011 (9,879 n'elu oke osimiri, nnukwu caldera gburu ya. == Ọdịdị ala == Ụfọdụ n'ime nkume ndị ahụ nwere afọ ndị malitere site na 24.9 ruo 22.1 nde afọ gara aga, mana ọtụtụ ọrụ ndị ọzọ emeela n'oge na-adịbeghị anya.A na-ewu ugwu ahụ site na lavas basalt na Hawaiitic, nke trachytes nọchiri, na nnukwu mpịakọta nke trachytic na rhyolitic ignimbrites nwere ọkpụrụkpụ ruru 1,000 m. E mepụtara lavas trachytic, tuffs na breccias ndị ọzọ, na nke kachasị ọhụrụ mepụtara cones pyroclastic na craters mgbawa.&nbsp;Otu n'ime oghere ndị a nwere Ọdọ Mmiri Oku, nke na-esi na ya na-asọpụta basalt n'ebe ugwu, na nke rhyolitic na phonolitic lavas n'ebe ndịda. == Mmekọrịta gburugburu ebe obibi == A chọtara obere obodo sphagnum na ụdị osisi ndị metụtara ya na 2,900 m na 1997, n'akụkụ elu ugwu ahụ, sphagnum bog kachasị elu na West Africa. &nbsp;Ebe a gụnyere ọtụtụ ụdị osisi dị na mpaghara Kilum-Ijim, ọ dịkwa oke mkpa nchedo.Oké ọhịa 200 nke Kilum-Ijim gburugburu ugwu ahụ mejupụtara nnukwu mpaghara ugwu fọdụrụ na West Africa, ebe obibi dị mkpa maka ụdị anụmanụ na osisi.&nbsp;²Oké ọhịa ahụ nọ n'ihe ize ndụ, ebe ọ bụ na ọtụtụ ebe obibi mmadụ gbara ya gburugburu.BirdLife International na Ministry of the Environment and Forestry na-arụkọ ọrụ ọnụ na Kilum-Ijim Forest Project, nke na-ezube ichekwa ihe ndị dị n'oké ọhịa, na-elekọta ụdị dị iche iche ma hụ na a na-eji ya eme ihe ọzọ. Ihe ka ukwuu n'ógbè dị n'ime ókèala Kilum-Ijim dị n'elu mita 2000 n'ịdị elu, ma nwee ọhịa ugwu na-agwakọta na ala ahịhịa na obodo ndị dị n'okpuru ugwu. N'ebe dị ala, e kpochapụrụ ihe ka ukwuu n'ọhịa ndị dị n'okpuru ugwu maka ọrụ ugbo. Dabere na foto satellite, n'etiti 1958 na 1988 ihe dị ka ọkara nke oké ọhịa ahụ furu efu, ọ bụ ezie na mmelite malitere n'oge na-adịghị anya mgbe a malitere ọrụ nchekwa na 1987. Kemgbe ahụ, e nweela mgbake siri ike nke ebe nchekwa ọhịa, nke dị n'okpuru nlekọta nke obodo Kilum-Ijim. Ụdị ndị nọ n'ihe ize ndụ a na-ahụ naanị n'Ugwu Oku gụnyere Ugwu Oku hylomyscus, òké Dieterlen's brush-furred, Lake Oku clawed frog, Crotaphatrema lamottei Ugwu Oku caecilian na frog ''Wolterstorffina chirioi''. <ref>{{Cite book|title=An IUCN situation analysis of terrestrial and freshwater fauna in West and Central Africa|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=00cOCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA54|year=2015|publisher=IUCN|isbn=978-2-8317-1721-0}}</ref>Ala ahịhịa dị n'elu ọhịa ahụ bụ ebe obibi nke òké ahịhịhịa Mittendorf. == Hụkwa == * Ndepụta nke Ultras nke Africa * Ọdọ Mmiri Nyos * Ọdọ Mmiri Monoun == Ihe odide == {{Reflist|1|refs=<ref name=BirdLifeBamenda>{{cite web |url = http://www.birdlife.org/action/ground/bamenda/index.html |title = Conserving Afromontane Forest in the Bamenda Highlands of Cameroon |publisher = [[BirdLife International]] |access-date = 2011-02-06 |url-status = dead |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20101214021722/http://birdlife.org/action/ground/bamenda/index.html |archive-date = 2010-12-14 }}</ref> <ref name=Maisels2000>{{cite journal |title=Rare plants on Mount Oku summit, Cameroon |author1=Fiona G. Maisels |author2=Martin Cheek |author3=Chris Wild |journal=Oryx |volume=34| issue = 2 |pages=136–140 |date=April 2000|doi=10.1046/j.1365-3008.2000.00107.x|doi-access=free}} </ref> <ref name=RBG>{{cite web |url=http://www.kew.org/gis/projects/oku_cameroon/index.html |title=Projects: Mount Oku and Ijim Ridge (Cameroon) |publisher=Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew |access-date=2011-02-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110629210322/http://www.kew.org/gis/projects/oku_cameroon/index.html |archive-date=2011-06-29 |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref name=smithsonian>{{cite web |url=http://www.volcano.si.edu/world/volcano.cfm?vnum=0204-03- |title=Oku Volcanic Field |publisher=Smithsonian |access-date=2011-02-01}} The [[stratovolcano]] rises to {{convert|3011|m|ft|0}} above sea level, and is cut by a large [[caldera]].<ref name=smithsonian/></ref> <ref name=Woolley2001>{{cite book |chapter=Oku |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=K48ZMBWtoi4C&pg=PA35 |page=35 |title=Alkaline rocks and carbonatites of the world, Part 3 |author=Alan Robert Woolley |publisher=Geological Society |year=2001 |isbn=1-86239-083-5}}</ref>}} == Njikọ mpụga == * [http://www.peakbagger.com/peak.aspx?pid=11098 "Ugwu Oku, Cameroon" na Peakbagger] [[Òtù:Wiki activate SDG]] h09resfw4vlnmdzkbrip7h5g59dhx18 0 32475 644077 139262 2026-05-30T15:26:17Z Mirah50 16972 Fixed reference errors 644077 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox writer|name=Tariq Ali|image=Tariq Ali 2011.jpg|caption=Ali in 2011|birth_date={{birth date and age|1943|10|21|df=y}}|birth_place=[[Lahore]], [[Punjab (British India)|Punjab]], [[British Raj|British India]]|occupation=Historian<br>novelist<br>activist|alma_mater=[[Exeter College, Oxford]], [[Government College University, Lahore]]|genre=[[Geopolitics]]<br>History<br>[[Marxism]]<br>[[Postcolonialism]]|subject=|movement=[[New Left]]|children=3|spouse=Susan Watkins}}  {{Databox}} Tariq / ( / ˈtærɪk _ _ ˈæl ​​i / ; banyere 21 Ọktoba 1943) [1] bụ onye akwụkwọ, ndị Pakistan-British, onye ode akwụkwọ, ode akwụkwọ, ọkọ-eme ihe mere eme, onye na-ese ihe nkiri, na akwụkwọ isi  nsogbu .  [2] [3] Ọ bụ onye so na kọmitii nchịkọta nke New Left Review na Sin Permiso, ma na-enye aka na The Guardian, CounterPunch na London Review of Books .  Ọ ndabere Philosophy, Politics, and Economics na Exeter College, Oxford . . <ref>{{Cite web|title=Archives|url=http://tariqali.org/archives/2912|work=tariqali.org|publisher=Tariq Ali|accessdate=24 April 2015|archivedate=20 April 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150420015310/http://tariqali.org/archives/2912}}</ref>Ọ bụ onye dere ọtụtụ akwụkwọ, Pakistan: ndị agha ma ọ bụ ikike ndị mmadụ (1970), Pakistan nwere ike ịlanahụ?  Ọnwụ nke steeti (1983), Nsogbu nke isi ihe: Crusades, Jihads na Modernity (2002), Bush na Babylon (2003), Mkparịta ụka ya na Edward Said (2005), Pirates nke Caribbean: Axis Of Hope (2006), A  Onye na-akụ ego maka oge niile (2007), Duel (2008), ike Obama (2010), [1] na Ebe Oke: ngwaọrụ aka ná ntĩ (2015) == Early life == <ref name="The Friday Times 27 March 2015">{{Cite news|author=Mohsin|first=Jugnu|authorlink=Jugnu Mohsin|title=Tahira Mazhar Ali Khan, 1925–2015|url=http://www.thefridaytimes.com/tft/tahira-mazhar-ali-khan-1925-2015/|date=27 March 2015|work=[[The Friday Times]]|accessdate=4 September 2017}}</ref>Amụrụ Ali ma akụkụ na Lahore, Punjab na British India (nke mechara bụrụ ihe Pakistan ).  [1] [2] Ọ bụ nwa onye nta okpukpe Mazhar Ali Khan [3] na onye na-akwado Tahira Mazhar Ali Khan .  Nne Ali, Tahira, bụ ada Sir Sikandar Hyat Khan, onye duziri Unionist Muslim League wee bụrụ Prime Minister nke Punjab site na 1937 ruo 1942. [3] Nna Ali, Mazhar, nọbu “na-achịkọta ọrụ ndị ugbo n'ime oge ya ya ya.  ” mgbe Mian Iftikharuddin hụrụ ya ka ọkụ Pakistan Times, [4] mechara nwee ike maka ihe ndị Kọmunist, n'agbanyeghị na ọ banyeghị na pati ahụ. ] <ref name="The Friday Times 27 March 2015" />Nna na nne Ali, ndị bụ ike, gbapụrụ .  Nne ya kwuo, sị: "Mazhar gara Middle East na ọrụ agha . Adị m ime nke ukwuu n'oge ahụ. Anyị ahụghị ibe anyị afọ abụọ.  la anna. === Emerging activism === .<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Ali|first=Tariq|title=Leaving Shabazz|journal=[[New Left Review]]|volume=II|issue=69|date=May–June 2011|url=http://newleftreview.org/II/69/tariq-ali-leaving-shabazz}}</ref>Ali buru ụzọ tinye aka na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị n'oge ọ dị afọ iri na ụma, na-ekere òkè na mmegide ọchịchị aka ike nke Pakistan.  Otu nwanne nna nke rụrụ ọrụ na ọgụgụ isi ndị agha Pakistan[1] dọrọ ndị mụrụ ya aka ná ntị na enweghị ike ichebe Ali.[2]  Ya mere nne na nna ya kpebiri ịkpọpụta ya na Pakistan wee ziga ya na England, ebe ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ nkà ihe ọmụma, ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na akụnụba na Exeter College, Oxford.[2][3]  Na Oxford, ọ ghọrọ onye otu Oxford University Humanist Group, ebe ọ chọpụtara "na arụmụka na mkparịta ụka ebe a na-akpali akpali karịa nke a na-eme n'ime ụlọ ọrụ ọrụ nke Labour Club".[4]  A họpụtara ya onye isi oche nke Oxford Union na 1965. Na 1967 Ali bụ otu n'ime ndị ama ama 64, gụnyere Beatles, bụ ndị bịanyere aka na mkpesa na-akpọ maka ịkwado wii wii n'ụzọ iwu kwadoro.  Oge Ali nọ na Union gụnyere nzukọ ya na Malcolm X na Disemba 1964 bụ nke Malcolm X gosipụtara oke ụjọ banyere ihe ize ndụ nke igbu ọchụ nke ya.[6] [[Usòrò:Tariq_Ali.jpg|thumb| Ali, Imperial College, London, 2003]] . <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2008/mar/22/vietnamwar|author=Ali|first=Tariq|title=Where has all the rage gone?|work=The Guardian|date=22 March 2008|accessdate=6 January 2011}}</ref>Profaịlụ nsogbu ya mgbasa ito eto n'oge Agha Vietnam, mgbe ọ na-arụrịta ụka megide agha ya na ndị dị ka Henry Kissinger na Michael Stewart .  Ọ gbara mgba n'iche ikpe Russell gbasara aka US na Vietnam .  Ka oge na-aga, Ali bịara na-akatọ spot mba ofesi America na Israel .  Ọ bụkwa onye mmegide siri ike nke nyere America na Pakistan nke na-akwado nkwado aka ike ndị agha na onye kwuo uche ya.  Ọ bụ otu n'ime ndị na-eme njem na ụlọ ọrụ anya America na London na 1968 na ịlụ agha Vietnam ."<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vSe-6XkzZhs|title=From Vietnam To Iraq To Bolivia-Tariq Ali|publisher=YouTube|accessdate=3 August 2012}}</ref>Na 1967, Ali nọ na Camiri, Bolivia, nke na-adịghị anya site na ebe e jidere Che Guevara, ka ọ hụ ikpe a na-ekpe Régis Debray.  Ndị ọchịchị boro ya ebubo ịbụ onye Cuban mgbanwe.  Ali wee sị: "Ọ bụrụ na ị na-ata m ahụhụ n'abalị ahụ dum ma enwere m ike ịsụ Spanish n'ụtụtụ, m ga-ekele gị maka oge ndụ m niile." .<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.marxists.org/archive/harman/1981/12/ali.htm|title=Tariq Ali: Why I'm Joining the Labour Party (December 1981)|work=www.marxists.org}}</ref>N'ime oge a ọ bụ onye ndoro-ndoro IMG na Sheffield Attercliffe na ntuli aka izugbe nke February 1974 ma bụrụkwa onye na-ede akwụkwọ Trotsky for Beginners, akwụkwọ eserese.  Na 1981, Ali hapụrụ IMG wee sonye na Labour Party iji kwado Tony Benn n'ọkwa ya ịbụ osote onye isi nke Labour Party. . <ref name="Nick Cohen-Guardian-2011">{{Cite web|title=Decline and fall of the puppetmasters {{!}} Nick Cohen|url=https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2011/jul/17/nick-cohen-democracy-murdoch-mladic|work=The Guardian|accessdate=18 May 2020|language=en|date=16 July 2011}}</ref> <ref name="Taylor-Denial-2008-p.168">{{Cite book|author=Taylor|first=Tony|title=Denial: History Betrayed|date=2008|publisher=Melbourne Univ. Publishing|isbn=978-0-522-85907-2|chapterurl=https://books.google.com/books?id=m-FgN-K2zBYC&q=Tariq+Ali+genocide+denial&pg=PA168|accessdate=18 May 2020|language=en|chapter=Denial}}</ref> <ref name="Cassian-workersliberty-2011">{{Cite web|author=Dal Cassian|title=Why Noam Chomsky, Tariq Ali, Arundhati Roy and their co-thinkers should apologise over Mladic and Srebrenica: {{!}} Workers' Liberty|url=https://www.workersliberty.org/story/2011/06/04/why-noam-chomsky-tariq-ali-arundhati-roy-and-their-co-thinkers-should-apologise-ove|work=workersliberty.org|accessdate=18 May 2020|language=en|date=4 June 2011}}</ref>Na 1990, o edi satire Mgbapụta, na akara ike nke ndị Trotskyists iji dozie nke Eastern bloc .  Akwụkwọ ahụ nwere parodies nke ọtụtụ ndị ama ama na ịntanetị Trotskyist.  Na 1999 Ali katọrọ ike aka na NATO na Bosnia na Herzegovina na mpempe oge opupu ihe ubi maka NATO, [1] na akwụkwọ Masters of the Universe?  Agha Crusade Balkan nke NATO bụ nke ọ ndị oke na ụdị mpụ ndị agha Serbia mere na Bosnia na Kosovo.  [2] Ọ gbachitere nkwudo ndị agonarị nke ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị dị ka Diana Johnstone na Edward S. Herman akwụkwọ Akwụkwọ ya, Clash of Fundamentalisms, bu n'obi tinye ihe omume nke ihe September 11 na ndị mere ihe mere eme .  O sochiri nke ahụ na Bush na Babịlọn, bụ nke katọrọ agha 2003 nke onye isi ala America George W. Bush wakporo Iraq .  Akwụkwọ a na-eji abụ uri na edemede dị egwu na-enwe agha Iraq dị ka ike.  Ali nsogbu na Iraq ọhụrụ ga-ada. .<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.abc.net.au/lateline/content/2015/s4473089.htm|title=Lateline – 31/05/2016: Interview: Tariq Ali, British writer and commentator|work=Abc.net.au|date=31 May 2016|accessdate=28 January 2017}}</ref>N'oge ntuli aka ndị otu United Kingdom European Union 2016, Ali nwere ọmịiko maka ịhapụ votu na mgba aka ekpe, ebe n'otu oge na-akatọ nkwado aka nri maka Brexit dabere na mmegide mbata na ọpụpụ.[1] .<ref>{{Cite news|author=Evans|first=Rob|title=Tariq Ali spied on by at least 14 undercover officers, inquiry hears|url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2020/nov/11/tariq-ali-spied-on-14-undercover-officers-spy-cops-inquiry-hears|accessdate=14 November 2020|work=The Guardian|date=11 November 2020}}</ref>Na Nọvemba 2020, nyocha ọhaneze Britain gbasara ọrụ ndị uwe ojii na-ezo ezo nyere ihe akaebe na opekata mpe ndị uwe ojii nzuzo 14 lekọtara Ali n'ime afọ iri.  The onyunyo malitere na 1965 mgbe ọ ghọrọ onyeisi oche nke Oxford Union, na-aga n'ihu ruo opekata mpe 2003, mgbe Ali nọ na mba kọmitii nke Kwụsị War Coalition na-agbalị igbochi mbuso agha nke Iraq.  Ali kwuru na "Ọ bụ ihe ịtụnanya iche na mgbe afọ 35 gachara, na 2003, n'okpuru ọchịchị Tony Blair Labour, Alaka Pụrụ Iche ka na-eme otu ihe mgbochi ọchịchị onye kwuo uche ya dịka ha na-emebu na mbido."[1] == Screenplay == .<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.alteregoproductions.org/blog/2007/07/the_leopard_and_the_fox_our_ne.htm|title=Archived copy|accessdate=20 August 2007|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070820013744/http://www.alteregoproductions.org/blog/2007/07/the_leopard_and_the_fox_our_ne.htm|archivedate=20 August 2007}}</ref>Tariq Ali's The Leopard na The Fox, nke mbụ edere dị ka ihe nkiri BBC na 1985, bụ ihe gbasara ụbọchị ikpeazụ nke Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto.  Emepụtabeghị ya na mbụ n'ihi esemokwu nyocha, n'ikpeazụ emebere ya na New York na Ọktoba 2007, ụbọchị tupu onye bụbu Prime Minista Pakistan Benazir Bhutto laghachi n'obodo ya ka afọ asatọ gachara biri n'ala ọzọ.[1] N'afọ 2009, Ali ya na Mark Weisbrot dere ihe nkiri ahụ na akwụkwọ akụkọ Oliver Stone South nke Border.[1]  Nke a nyere akụkọ mara mma nke Hugo Chávez na ndị isi Latin America ndị ọzọ na-ekpe aka ekpe.  A gbara ajụjụ ọnụ na akwụkwọ akụkọ ahụ, Ali kọwara ọrụ nke onwe Bolivian water privatization na 2000 Cochabamba ngagharị iwe mere n'ikpeazụ weta Evo Morales n'ọchịchị. == Na-arụ ọrụ ==   == See also == * List of British Pakistanis == References == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] ezr9w3je1w6idjyjcatkgeqgo1kyqnw 0 32661 643992 140016 2026-05-30T13:11:29Z Chiziqa 13055 Fixed reference error 643992 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Uchenna Ikonne''' bụ prọfesọ Naijiria nke optometry. <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://guardian.ng/saturday-magazine/absu-new-vc-ikonne-pledges-to-reposition-schools-ranking/|title=ABSU New VC, Ikonne, Pledges To Reposition School’s Ranking|language=en-US|accessdate=2017-01-25}}</ref>'ọnwa Disemba afọ 2015 ọ ghọrọ onye isi oche nke asaa nke Mahadum steeti Abia . <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=http://abiastateuniversity.edu.ng/2016/12/09/vice-chancellor/|title=Abia State University Uturu|author=Ikonne|first=Uchenna}}</ref> ebe <ref>{{Cite web|title=2023: Ikonne Set to Tackle Abia’s Challenges – THISDAYLIVE|url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2022/06/12/2023-ikonne-set-to-tackle-abias-challenges/|accessdate=2022-08-09|work=www.thisdaylive.com}}</ref> bụbu onye isi, [[Polytechnic nke Ȯra Abia|Abia State Polytechnic]], Aba - (na Rescue Mission) 2014-2015. A mụrụ Ikonne na Agburuike, Nsulu na [[Isiala Ngwa North]], Abia State. Mgbe ọ gachara Ngwa High School na [[Abá|Aba]] nke Abia State, ọ gụrụ optometry na Mahadum Manila Central, Philippines. Ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na mmemme nzere masta ọkachamara na Hospital Administration na St. Jude College, kwa na Philippines, ma mgbe ọ laghachiri Naijiria na 1985, ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye ndụmọdụ optometrist na Park Lane General Hospital, Enugu, wee nweta nzere Doctor of Philosophy na Environmental Health Science na Mahadum Abia State. <ref name=":0" /> == Ọrụ == Site na 2010 ruo 2014, Ikonne jere ozi dị ka osote onye isi oche (Academic), Mahadum steeti Abia mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị jere ozi dị hi Rector, Abia State Polytechnic, Aba - (na Rescue Mission). Ọ ghọrọ ónyé ịsị óche nkè asaa, Mahadum Abia State na Disemba 2015. Ọ rụkwara ọrụ dị ka Onye isi nke Ngalaba Optometry n'otu ụlọ ọrụ ahụ. Mgbe ọ nọ ná Mahadum Steeti Abia, ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị kà ónyé na-anọchite ányá Dean nkè Faculty of Health Sciences na Deputy Provost, College of Medicine & Health Sciences . <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=http://abiastateuniversity.edu.ng/2016/12/09/vice-chancellor/|title=Abia State University Uturu|author=Ikonne|first=Uchenna}}</ref> N'afọ 1993, á họpụtara yá kà ọ bụrụ ónyé ọtú Optometrists and Dispensing Opticians Registration Board of Nigeria. A họpụtakwara yá dịka onyeisi óche nkè kọmitii agụmakwụkwọ ná steeti Abia. N'afọ 2019, a họpụtara yá kà ọ bụrụ ónyé ịsị óche, Board of the Optometrists and Dispensing Opticians Registration Board of Nigeria (ODORBN) ma jee ozi ná bọọdụ áhụ rụọ 2022. Ikonne meriri African Optometric Educator Award nkè afọ 2003 ná Distinguished merit Award nkè Nigerian Optometrik Association, 2006. <ref name=":0" /> == Ebensibia == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] hf7o310dk4rbdkr71q4t7rvbr2gcmfw 0 32741 644152 631008 2026-05-30T17:46:28Z Goodymeraj 16207 644152 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Elizabeth Holmes''' (amụrụ 1980) bụ onye ode akwụkwọ America na onye nta akụkọ dabere na San Francisco, California. Amara maka mkpuchi ya nke ụdị eze Britain na ozi ejiji, Akwụkwọ izizi ya kacha ere, HRH: Ọtụtụ Echiche na Royal Style, ka ebipụtara na Nọvemba 2020. Ọrụ ya apụtakwala na The New York Times, Town & Country, Real Simple, naInStyle <ref name=":0">{{Cite news|date=2011-08-05|title=Elizabeth Holmes, Matthew Stuart (Published 2011)|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2011/08/07/fashion/weddings/elizabeth-holmes-matthew-stuart-weddings.html|accessdate=2020-11-28}}</ref>. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web|author=Burchfield|first=Rachel|title=Meghan Markle and Kate Middleton Send Messages Through Their Style—Here's How to Tell|url=https://www.glamour.com/story/elizabeth-holmes-royals-style|accessdate=2020-11-29|work=Glamour|date=16 November 2020|language=en-us}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite web|author=Hallemann|first=Caroline|date=2019-06-18|title=Elizabeth Holmes's Royally Great "So Many Thoughts" Series Is Becoming a Book!|url=https://www.townandcountrymag.com/leisure/arts-and-culture/a28071821/elizabeth-holmes-hrh-so-many-thoughts-royal-style-book-announcement/|accessdate=2020-11-29|work=Town & Country|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=Rathe|first=Adam|date=2020-11-02|title=Obama's New Memoir and a Deep Dive into Royal Fashion Are Two of November's Must Read Books|url=https://www.townandcountrymag.com/leisure/arts-and-culture/g34415139/best-books-november-2020/|accessdate=2020-11-29|work=Town & Country|language=en-US}}</ref>.<ref name=":5">{{Cite news|author=Holmes|first=Elizabeth|date=2019-04-03|title=Plan a Careful Budget, Then Get Ready to Splurge (Published 2019)|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/04/03/travel/plan-a-careful-budget-then-get-ready-to-splurge.html|accessdate=2020-11-29}}</ref><ref name=":6">{{Cite web|author=Holmes|first=Elizabeth|date=2020-10-21|title=A Royally Candid Interview with The Crown's Emma Corrin, Josh O'Connor, and Emerald Fennell|url=https://www.townandcountrymag.com/leisure/arts-and-culture/a34301919/the-crown-emma-corrin-josh-o-connor-emerald-fennell-season-4-interview/|accessdate=2020-11-29|work=Town & Country|language=en-US}}</ref><ref name=":7">{{Cite web|title=What to Wear When the Dress Code is Confusing|url=https://www.realsimple.com/beauty-fashion/clothing/dress-code-chaos|accessdate=2020-11-29|work=Real Simple|language=EN|archivedate=2021-05-13|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210513212056/https://www.realsimple.com/beauty-fashion/clothing/dress-code-chaos}}</ref><ref name=":8">{{Cite web|title=Inside the Good, the Bad, and the Ugly of an IVF Experience|url=https://www.instyle.com/news/ivf-pregnancy|accessdate=2020-11-29|work=InStyle|language=EN}}</ref> == Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ == Holmes gụsịrị akwụkwọ na St. Olaf College na Northfield, Minnesota, wee nata nzere nna ukwu na akwụkwọ akụkọ sitere na Ụlọ Akwụkwọ Gụsịrị Akwụkwọ nke Journalism na Mahadum Columbia..<ref name=":0"/> == Ọrụ odeakụkọ == N'afọ 2006, Holmes malitere na The Wall Street Journal dị ka onye na-enyere aka na akụkọ ma ghọọ onye nta akụkọ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na-eso John McCain, Sarah Palin, na Mitt Romney n'oge mkpọsa onye isi ala nke afọ 2008. <ref name=":3">{{Cite web|title=Elizabeth Holmes - News, Articles, Biography, Photos - WSJ.com|url=https://www.wsj.com/news/author/elizabeth-holmes|accessdate=2020-11-29|work=WSJ|language=en}}</ref>Mgbe ntuli aka ahụ gasịrị, Holmes sonyeere ndị otu ụlọ ọrụ The Wall Street Journal, na-akọ akụkọ banyere ndị isi na-ere ahịa na ndị na-emepụta uwe. <ref name=":3" />Ọrụ ikpeazụ ya na The Wall Street Journal bụ dị ka onye nta akụkọ na onye edemede na-elekwasị anya na azụmahịa nke ejiji na ịma mma. Mgbe ọ nọ na The Wall Street Journal, Holmes kwadoro usoro vidiyo weebụ, ''#THEIS'' ya na Elizabeth Holmes.<ref name=":3" /> N'afọ 2017, Holmes gbanwere ọrụ onwe ya, na-enye aka mgbe niile na ''The New York Times'', Town & Country, Real Simple, na InStyle.<ref name=":5"/><ref name=":6"/><ref name=":7"/><ref name=":8"/> == "Ọtụtụ Echiche" == Holmes malitere usoro Instagram "So Many Thoughts", usoro nkọwa gbasara ezinụlọ eze Britain na Instagram Stories na 2017. <ref name=":4"/>Usoro ahụ na-akọwa foto nke Catherine, Duchess nke Cambridge na Meghan, Duchess of Sussex, na-elekwasị anya na ịkọwa ozi dị n'azụ nhọrọ ejiji eze. Na podcast Second Life site na ebe nrụọrụ weebụ Who What Wear, Holmes na-akọwa,<blockquote>"Mgbe ụfọdụ ndị mmadụ na-ajụ, 'Gịnị mere ị ji echegbu onwe gị nke ukwuu banyere ihe ha na-eyi?' Enwere m nchegbu n'ihi na ha na-eche echiche nke ukwuu n'ime ya n'ihi ya, ha ghọtara, nke ọma ma ọ bụ nke ọjọọ, na nlebara anya a dị. Ha ga-ejikwa ya mee ihe iji kwalite ebumnuche ha. "<ref>{{Cite web|author=Faurote|first=Adrienne|title=Meet Elizabeth Holmes: Style Journalist and Author of HRH: So Many Thoughts|url=https://www.whowhatwear.com/second-life-podcast-elizabeth-holmes|accessdate=2020-11-29|work=Who What Wear|date=9 November 2020|language=en}}</ref></blockquote>Usoro ahụ meriri Webby Award na 2019.<ref>{{Cite web|title=NEW Webby Gallery + Index|url=http://winners.webbyawards.com/2019/social/social-content-series-campaigns/fashion-beauty-series-campaigns/97123/so-many-thoughts|accessdate=2020-11-29|work=NEW Webby Gallery + Index|language=en}}</ref> Holmes edeela isiokwu ndị na-akọwa ihe ngosi nke aristocracy nke Britain na TV na ihe nkiri, gụnyere The Crown na Downton Abbey.<ref name=":6"/><ref>{{Cite web|author=Holmes|first=Elizabeth|date=2019-09-16|title=Michelle Dockery, Allen Leech, and Laura Carmichael on Their Favorite Moment Shooting the New 'Downton Abbey' Movie|url=https://www.townandcountrymag.com/leisure/arts-and-culture/a28917257/michelle-dockery-allen-leech-laura-carmichael-downton-abbey-movie-cast-interview-2019/|accessdate=2020-11-29|work=Town & Country|language=en-US}}</ref> Na Nọvemba 2020, Holmes bipụtara akwụkwọ mbụ ya, HRH: So Many Thoughts on Royal Style, nke na-agbasawanye na usoro Instagram ya. Akwụkwọ ahụ na-ekpuchi ụdị, akara, na ọnọdụ nke Queen Elizabeth II, Diana, Princess of Wales, Catherine, The Duchess of Cambridge, na Meghan, The Duchesse of Sussex. <ref name=":1"/><ref name=":9">{{Cite news|author=Melle|first=Megan O'Neill|date=2020-11-20|title=How HRH Author Elizabeth Holmes Deciphers the Meaning Behind Every Royal Outfit|url=https://parade.com/1122782/meganoneill/elizabeth-holmes-royal-fashion/|accessdate=2020-11-29|work=Parade: Entertainment, Recipes, Health, Life, Holidays|language=en}}</ref>HRH: So Many Thoughts on Royal Style mere ka <nowiki><i id="mwcA">New York Times</i></nowiki> Bestseller na ndepụta maka Nonfiction. N'ajụjụ ọnụ ya na magazin Parade, Holmes kọwara na ịkọwapụta ihe nhọrọ ejiji eze pụtara na-egosi nkwanye ùgwù maka mbọ ha. {{DEFAULTSORT:Holmes, Elizabeth}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] ofel86uvdykfm13qn56c4s9e1d6i22t 0 32780 644149 137704 2026-05-30T17:43:56Z Goodymeraj 16207 644149 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Elizabeth Freeman''' bụ prọfesọ Bekee na Mahadum California, Davis, na tupu nke ahụ Sarah Lawrence College. Freeman bụ ọkachamara na akwụkwọ America na okike / mmekọahụ / ọmụmụ ihe. <ref name="UC">{{Cite web|title=Elizabeth Freeman|url=https://english.ucdavis.edu/people/esfreema|work=UC Davis|accessdate=25 April 2023}}</ref>Ọ bụkwa onye mmekọ ha nke Faculty for Humanities, Arts, and Cultural Studies.<ref name="Critical">{{Cite web|title=Elizabeth Freeman|url=https://criticalinquiry.uchicago.edu/book_review/author/elizabeth_freeman/|work=Critical Inquiry|accessdate=25 April 2023}}</ref> Freeman na-enyocha isiokwu n'ime ọmụmụ Queer nke ya onwe ya kwenyere na a kọwara ya site na mmekọahụ mana ọ na-anabata nkọwa sara mbara maka okwu ahụ - nke gụnyere ndị nwere ụzọ dị icheMmekọahụ, Inwe, Ụdị na Tyler Bradway.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Brogan|first=Jacob|date=2017-12-03|title=How Does a Queer Theorist Work?|language=en-US|work=Slate|url=https://slate.com/business/2017/12/how-does-queer-theorist-elizabeth-freeman-work.html|accessdate=2023-05-14}}</ref>.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Queer Kinship by Tyler Bradway & Elizabeth Freeman (Paperback)|url=https://www.queerlit.co.uk/products/queer-kinship-race-sex-belonging-form|accessdate=2023-05-14|work=Queer Lit|language=en}}</ref> == Mmụta == * Ph.D., Mahadum nke Chicago, 1996 * MA, Mahadum nke Chicago, 1991 * B.A. na Highest Honors na Bekee, Oberlin College, 1989 == Akwụkwọ ndị e bipụtara == === Akwụkwọ === * ''The Wedding Complex: Ụdị nke ịbụ akụkụ nke ọdịbendị America nke oge a'' (Duke UP, 2002) * Oge Binds: Oge Ndị Na-eme Ihe Nlereanya, Akụkọ Ndị Na-ahụ Maka Ihe Nlereanya (Duke UP, 2010) * N'akụkụ gị n'oge: Sense-Methods na Queer Sociabilities na narị afọ nke iri na itoolu America (Duke UP, 2019) == Edensibia == <references /> == Njikọ mpụga == * Elizabeth Freemanmbipụta ndị edepụtara site naOnye Ọkà mmụta Google {{DEFAULTSORT:Freeman, Elizabeth}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] oaj22fxx5izjdqunp0g85mkjfvinot6 0 32810 644162 166381 2026-05-30T17:54:06Z Goodymeraj 16207 644162 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Elizabeth Johnson Kostova (amuru Disemba 26, 1964) bu onye odee America kacha mara amara maka akwukwo mputa mbu ya The Historian. == Oge ọ malitere == A mụrụ Elizabeth Johnson Kostova Elizabeth Johnson na New London, Connecticut, ma zụlite na Knoxville, Tennessee, ebe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Webb School of Knoxville.Ọ natara akara ugo mmụta mahadum Yale na Master of Fine Arts na Mahadum Michigan, ebe ọ meriri 2003 Hopwood Award maka Novel-in-Progress ya. .<ref name="Karush">Sarah Karush, "Dracula yarn could be summer's hot novel", ''[[San Jose Mercury News]]'' (June 2, 2005). Access World News (subscription required). Retrieved May 10, 2009.</ref><ref>Anne Vandermey, [http://www.michigandaily.com/content/alum-got-her-start-u-writing-program Alum got her start in "U" writing program" (original)], ''[[The Michigan Daily]]'' (April 16, 2006). Retrieved May 10, 2009. [https://web.archive.org/web/20110525151556/http://www.michigandaily.com/content/alum-got-her-start-u-writing-program Archived copy].</ref> Ọ lụrụ onye ọkachamara IT nke Bulgaria wee were aha ezinụlọ ya. [akwụkwọ akụkọ chọrọ] Nwanne ya nwanyị, Victoria Johnson, bụkwa onye ode akwụkwọ.[1<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2020)">citation needed</span>]]''&#x5D;</sup> == ''Onye Ọkọ akụkọ ihe mere eme'' == Mmasị Kostova nwere n'akụkọ ifo Dracula malitere site na akụkọ nna ya gwara ya banyere vampire mgbe ọ bụ nwatakịrị. <ref name="Brice" />Ezinụlọ ahụ biri na Ljubljana, [[Slovenia]] na 1972, mgbe nna ya na-akụzi na mahadum dị n'ógbè ahụ; n'afọ ahụ, ezinụlọ ahụ gara Europe. Dị ka Kostova si kwuo, "Ọ bụ ahụmahụ na-eto eto nke nwata m. "Ọ "na-enwe mmasị na [akụkọ Dracula nke nna ya] n'ihi na ha sitere ... n'akụkọ ihe mere eme n'otu ụzọ, ọ bụ ezie na ha abụghị maka ezigbo akụkọ ihe mere eme, mana anụ m ha n'ebe ndị a mara mma nke akụkọ ihe mere mere eme. "Mmasị Kostova nwere n'akwụkwọ na ọbá akwụkwọ malitere n'oge. <ref name="Wheelwright">Julie Wheelwright, [https://archive.today/20090621190837/http://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/books/features/elizabeth-kostova-the-vampire-chronicler-501424.html "Elizabeth Kostova: The vampire chronicler" (original)], ''[[The Independent]]'' (August 5, 2005). Retrieved May 6, 2009. .</ref><ref name="Guinn">Jeff Guinn, "Tapping a vein", ''[[Fort Worth Star-Telegram]]'' (July 24, 2005). Access World News (subscription required). Retrieved May 10, 2009.</ref>&nbsp;&nbsp;<ref name="Brice">Chris Brice, "A novel with teeth", ''[[The Advertiser (Adelaide)|The Advertiser]]'' (June 24, 2006). [[LexisNexis]] (subscription required). Retrieved May 6, 2009.</ref>Nne ya, onye na-elekọta ọbá akwụkwọ, na-akpakarị ya na ụmụnne ya nwanyị gaa n'ọbá akwụkwọ ọha na eze - onye ọ bụla n'ime ha hapụrụ ka ọ lelee akwụkwọ 30 ma nwee shelf pụrụ iche maka akwụkwọ ọbá akwụkwọ ha.<ref>Sarah Karush, "The Legend That Never Dies Brings Author a $2 Million Stake to Publish a First Novel", ''[[The State (newspaper)|The State]]'' (June 5, 2005). Access World News (subscription required). Retrieved May 10, 2009.</ref> Mgbe ọ bụ nwata, ọ na-ege ntị na ndekọ nke Bulgarian music music ma nwee mmasị na omenala. Dị ka onye na-agụghị akwụkwọ na Yale, ọ bụrụ na-abụ abụ ma duzie otu egwu Slavic.N’afọ 1989, ya na ụfọdụ ndị enyi ya gara Ebe Ọwụwa Anyanwụ Europe, karịsịa Bọlgeria na Bosnia, ka ha mụọ omenala egwú obodo. A ga-edobe ihe ndekọ ha mere na Library of Congress.Mgbe Kostova nọ na Europe, Mgbidi Berlin dara, na-ekwupụta ọdịda nke Communism na Eastern Europe, ihe omume ndị mere ka ọ ghọta akụkọ ihe mere eme.<ref name="Karush">Sarah Karush, "Dracula yarn could be summer's hot novel", ''[[San Jose Mercury News]]'' (June 2, 2005). Access World News (subscription required). Retrieved May 10, 2009.</ref> <ref name="Karush" />.<ref name="Karush" /> Afọ ise ka e mesịrị, na 1994, mgbe Kostova na di ya na-aga ije n'Ugwu Appalachia, o nwere flashback na oge ndị ahụ na-akọ akụkọ na nna ya wee jụọ onwe ya "gịnị ma ọ bụrụ na nna ahụ na-agbanye akụkọ Dracula ya na nwa ya nwanyị na-adọrọ mmasị na Dracula na-ege ntị na Gịnị ma ọ bụrụhaala na Dracla ka dị ndụ?" O wepụtara ozugbo peeji asaa nke ihe odide n'ime akwụkwọ edemede ya. <ref name="Guinn">Jeff Guinn, "Tapping a vein", ''[[Fort Worth Star-Telegram]]'' (July 24, 2005). Access World News (subscription required). Retrieved May 10, 2009.</ref><ref name="Marshall">John Marshall, "It was in her blood", ''[[The Orlando Sentinel]]'' (July 31, 2005). Access World News (subscription required). Retrieved May 10, 2009.</ref>Ụbọchị abụọ ka e mesịrị, ọ malitere ịrụ ọrụ na akwụkwọ akụkọ ahụ. <ref name="Marshall" />N'oge ahụ, ọ na-akụzi Bekee dị ka asụsụ nke abụọ, edemede okike, na klas nke ide ihe na mahadum dị na Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Ọ kwagara Ann Arbor, Michigan wee gụchaa akwụkwọ ahụ ka ọ na-enweta nzere Master of Fine Arts na Mahadum Michigan. <ref name="Karush">Sarah Karush, "Dracula yarn could be summer's hot novel", ''[[San Jose Mercury News]]'' (June 2, 2005). Access World News (subscription required). Retrieved May 10, 2009.</ref><ref name="Dorei">Robyn Dorei, "Death becomes her", ''[[The Sun-Herald]]'' (September 11, 2005). Access World News (subscription required). Retrieved May 7, 2009.</ref>Iji dee akwụkwọ ahụ, o mere nnyocha dị ukwuu banyere Eastern Europe na Vlad Țepeș. Kostova dechara akwụkwọ akụkọ ahụ na Jenụwarị 2004 wee zigara ya onye nwere ike ịbụ onye na-ede akwụkwọ na Machị. <ref name="Guinn">Jeff Guinn, "Tapping a vein", ''[[Fort Worth Star-Telegram]]'' (July 24, 2005). Access World News (subscription required). Retrieved May 10, 2009.</ref>Mgbe ọnwa abụọ gachara na n'ime ụbọchị abụọ o zigara ndị na-ebipụta akwụkwọ ya, a gwara Kostova nkwekọrịta - ọ jụrụ ya. <ref name="Sullivan">Jane Sullivan, "Dracula and the human factor", ''[[The Age]]'' (June 3, 2006). [[LexisNexis]] (subscription required). Retrieved May 7, 2009.</ref>E rere ikike nke akwụkwọ ahụ ma Little, Brown na Company zụrụ ya maka US $ 2 nde (US $ 30,000 bụ ihe atụ maka akwụkwọ akụkọ mbụ site n'aka onye edemede a na-amaghị ama). <ref name="Sucks">AP, "This book sucks", ''[[Herald Sun]]'' (June 11, 2005). [[LexisNexis]] (subscription required). Retrieved May 6, 2009.</ref>Publishers Weekly kọwara ọnụahịa dị elu dị ka agha bidding n'etiti ụlọ ọrụ ndị kwenyere na ha nwere ike ịnwe Da Vinci Code ọzọ n'ime ha. Otu osote onye isi oche na onye na-ebipụta akwụkwọ kwuru "N'ihi ihe ịga nke ọma nke Da Vinci Code, onye ọ bụla nọ n'obodo ahụ maara etu njikọta nke ihe egwu na akụkọ ihe mere eme nwere ike isi bụrụ ihe a ma ama na ihe ọ nwere ike ịghọ. " Little, Brown, and Co. mechara ree ikike ahụ na mba 28. <ref>Natalie Danford, "Contending for the 'Da Vinci' Legacy", ''[[Publishers Weekly]]'' 252:4 (January 24, 2005). [[EBSCO]] (subscription required). Retrieved June 20, 2009.</ref><ref name="Jones">Malcolm Jones, [http://www.newsweek.com/id/50088 "A High-Stakes Debut" (original)], ''[[Newsweek]]'' (June 13, 2005). Retrieved May 6, 2009. [https://web.archive.org/web/20090925021741/http://www.newsweek.com/id/50088 Archived copy].</ref>E bipụtara akwụkwọ ahụ na United States na June 14, 2005. Akwụkwọ akụkọ ahụ na-agwakọta akụkọ ihe mere eme na akụkọ ọdịnala nke Vlad Țepeș na akụkọ ifo ya Count Dracula ma kọwaa ya dị ka ngwakọta nke ụdị, gụnyere Akwụkwọ akụkọ Gothic, akwụkwọ akụkọ ihe mere anya, Akụkọ njem, akwụkwọ akụkọ akụkọ ihe mere mere eme nke oge a, epistolary epic, na akụkọ ihe mere n'akụkọ ihe mere eme. Kostova bu n'obi ide akwụkwọ dị egwu ma hụ onwe ya dị ka onye nketa nke ụdị Victorian. <ref name="Brice">Chris Brice, "A novel with teeth", ''[[The Advertiser (Adelaide)|The Advertiser]]'' (June 24, 2006). [[LexisNexis]] (subscription required). Retrieved May 6, 2009.</ref>Ọ bụ ezie na ọ dabeere na ''Dracula'' nke Bram Stoker, The Historian abụghị akwụkwọ akụkọ egwu, kama ọ bụ akụkọ egwu. <ref name="Wheelwright"/><ref name="Carey">Anna Carey, "Mad about Vlad", ''[[The Irish Times]]'' (August 6, 2005). [[LexisNexis]] (subscription required). Retrieved May 7, 2009.</ref>Akwụkwọ akụkọ ahụ na-emetụta ajụjụ gbasara akụkọ ihe mere eme, ọrụ ya na ọha mmadụ, na otu esi egosipụta ya n'akwụkwọ, yana ọdịdị nke ihe ọma na ihe ọjọọ. <ref name="Sullivan">Jane Sullivan, "Dracula and the human factor", ''[[The Age]]'' (June 3, 2006). [[LexisNexis]] (subscription required). Retrieved May 7, 2009.</ref>Dị ka Kostova na-akọwa, "Dracula bụ ihe atụ maka ihe ọjọọ nke siri ike iwepụ n'akụkọ ihe mere eme. " Ihe ọjọọ ndị esemokwu okpukpe kpatara bụ otu isiokwu na akwụkwọ akụkọ ahụ na-enyocha mmekọrịta dị n'etiti [[Efefe Kraịst|Ndị Kraịst]] West na Islamic East.<ref name="Sullivan" /><ref name="Treadway">Jessica Treadway, "Raising the undead", ''[[Chicago Tribune]]'' (June 12, 2005). Access World News (subscription required). Retrieved May 10, 2009.</ref><ref name="Bebergal">Peter Bebergal, [http://www.boston.com/news/globe/living/articles/2005/06/15/literary_take_on_vampires_gives_historian_bite/ "Literary take on vampires gives 'Historian' bite" (original)], ''[[The Boston Globe]]'' (June 15, 2005). Retrieved May 7, 2009. [https://web.archive.org/web/20121024225136/http://www.boston.com/news/globe/living/articles/2005/06/15/literary_take_on_vampires_gives_historian_bite/ Archived copy].</ref><ref name="Taheri">Amir Taheri, [http://aawsat.com/english/news.asp?section=8&id=3256 "Review of The Historian" (original)], ''[[Asharq Alawsat]]'' (December 31, 2005). Retrieved May 29, 2009. [https://web.archive.org/web/20061019073705/http://aawsat.com/english/news.asp?section=8&id=3256 Archived copy].</ref> Little, Brown, and Company kwalitere akwụkwọ ahụ nke ukwuu ma bụrụ Akwụkwọ akụkọ izizi mbụ rutere na nọmba otu na ndepụta ndị kacha ere ahịa na New York Times ma dị ka nke afọ 2005 bụ akwụkwọ akụkọ izibi kachasị ere ngwa ngwa na akụkọ ihe mere eme nke US. <ref name="Brice">Chris Brice, "A novel with teeth", ''[[The Advertiser (Adelaide)|The Advertiser]]'' (June 24, 2006). [[LexisNexis]] (subscription required). Retrieved May 6, 2009.</ref><ref name="Bloodmoney">"Blood money", ''[[South China Morning Post]]'' (September 25, 2005). [[LexisNexis]] (subscription required). Retrieved May 7, 2009.</ref>N'ozuzu, nyocha nke akwụkwọ akụkọ ahụ dị mgbagwoju anya. <ref name="Nelson">Sara Nelson, "The Hot 'Historian'", ''[[Publishers Weekly]]'' 252:27 (July 11, 2005). [[EBSCO]] (subscription required). Retrieved July 20, 2009.</ref>Ọtụtụ ndị na-enyocha ya kwuru na ọ kọwara ọnọdụ nke akwụkwọ akụkọ ya nke ọma. <ref name="Miller">Laura Miller, [http://dir.salon.com/story/books/review/2005/06/06/kostova/ "The Historian" by Elizabeth Kostova (original)], [[Salon.com]] (June 6, 2005). Retrieved May 6, 2009. [https://web.archive.org/web/20080612133414/http://dir.salon.com/story/books/review/2005/06/06/kostova/ Archived copy].</ref><ref name="Baker">Nancy Baker, "The Dracula Code?", ''[[The Globe and Mail]]'' (July 2, 2005). [[LexisNexis]] (subscription required). Retrieved May 7, 2009.</ref>Otú ọ dị, ụfọdụ ndị na-enyocha akwụkwọ ahụ katọrọ nhazi akwụkwọ ahụ na enweghị ụda dị iche iche. <ref name="Maslin">Janet Maslin, [https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9C03E5D91E38F930A25755C0A9639C8B63&fta=y&scp=4&sq=kostova&st=cse "Scholarship Trumps the Stake in Pursuit of Dracula" (original)], ''[[The New York Times]]'' (June 13, 2005). Retrieved May 7, 2009. [https://web.archive.org/web/20121107114740/http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9C03E5D91E38F930A25755C0A9639C8B63&fta=y&scp=4&sq=kostova&st=cse Archived copy].</ref>Kostova natara onyinye Book Sense nke afọ 2006 maka Best Adult Fiction na onyinye Quill nke afọ 2005 maka onye edemede mbụ nke afọ. <ref>[http://www.bookweb.org/btw/awards/BSBY.html The Book Sense Book of the Year (original)]. American Booksellers Association. Retrieved May 7, 2009. [https://web.archive.org/web/20090217225043/http://bookweb.org/btw/awards/BSBY.html Archived copy].</ref><ref>Staff, "National book prizes awarded", ''[[Tulsa World]]'' (October 16, 2005). Access World News (subscription required). Retrieved May 7, 2009.</ref>Sony zụrụ ikike ihe nkiri maka akwụkwọ akụkọ ahụ maka $ 1.5 nde.<ref name="Brice" /> == Ugbu a == Na May 2007, e kere Elizabeth Kostova Foundation. Ntọala ahụ na-enyere aka ịkwado ihe okike Bulgarian, nsụgharị nke akwụkwọ Bulgarian nke oge a na Bekee,na ọbụbụenyi n'etiti ndị edemede Bulgarian na ndị edemede America na Britain. . Kostova wepụtara akwụkwọ akụkọ ya nke abụọ The Swan Thieves na Jenụwarị 12, 2010. E wepụtara akwụkwọ akụkọ ya nke atọ, The Shadow Land, na 2017.<ref>[http://prhinternational.com/book/?isbn=9780345527868 The Shadow Land]. Penguin Random House International. Retrieved August 27, 2016.</ref> == Akwụkwọ == * The Historian (2005) ,    * The Swan Thieves (2010) ,    * The Shadow Land (2017) ,    == Njikọ mpụga == {{Reflist|2}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Kostova, Elizabeth}} * [http://www.elizabethkostova.com/ Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ Elizabeth Kostova] * [http://www.ekf.bg Ntọala Elizabeth Kostova] [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] ipb6jq44o2ah21mv99f206skmuexk3k 0 32827 644164 540360 2026-05-30T17:55:02Z Goodymeraj 16207 644164 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Elizabeth Kucinich by Gage Skidmore (3x4a).jpg|thumb|Elizabeth Kucinich]]   [[Category:Articles with hCards]] ''Elizabeth Jane Kucinich (née Harper; amụrụ 22 Ọktoba 1977) bụ nri anụ ahụ Britain na onye na-akwado vegan. Ọ ewepụtala akwụkwọ akụkọ abụọ wee lụọ onye omeiwu US asatọ ezumike nka na onye ndoro-ndoro ochichi Democratic ugboro abụọ Dennis Kucinich.'' <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.politico.com/story/2012/10/kucinich-wants-dc-to-changefrom-a-red-meat-state-to-vegan-081969|title=Kucinich wants D.C. to go vegan|first=Patrick|author=Gavin|work=[[Politico]]|date=3 October 2012|accessdate=25 February 2018}}</ref>.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.politico.com/story/2012/12/kucinichs-wife-launches-realty-site-084873|title=Kucinich's wife launches realty site|first=Patrick|author=Gavin|date=10 December 2012|work=Politico|accessdate=28 April 2017}}</ref> == Oge ọ malitere == Amụrụ Elizabeth Jane Harper, ada Graham Harper na Julia Massey (gbara alụkwaghịm), a zụlitere ya na North Ockendon na mpaghara London nke Havering, England..<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://www.commondreams.org/headlines05/1030-04.htm|title=How Kucinich Found Love|first=Evelyn|author=Theiss|date=30 October 2005|work=Common Dreams|accessdate=28 April 2017}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFTheiss2005">Theiss, Evelyn (30 October 2005). [https://www.commondreams.org/headlines05/1030-04.htm "How Kucinich Found Love"]. ''Common Dreams''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 April</span> 2017</span>.</cite></ref> Kucinich na-ejide BA na Ọmụmụ okpukperechi na nkà mmụta okpukpe na MA na International Conflict Analysis si na Mahadum Kent ma nweekwa asambodo na Peace and Reconciliation Studies site na.Mahadum Coventry.<ref name=":0"/><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://capitolweekly.net/capitol-weekly-interview-elizabeth-kucinich/|title=Capitol Weekly Interview: Elizabeth Kucinich|work=Capitol Weekly|date=24 January 2008|accessdate=27 November 2017}}</ref><ref name=":0" /> == Ọrụ == N'afọ 2005, mgbe ya na ndị ogbenye nọ n'ime ime obodo na n'obodo ukwu na [[Ndia|India]] na [[Tanzania]] rụchara ọrụ, Kucinich kwagara US iji hazie nzukọ mba ụwa mbụ gbasara mgbanwe ego maka American Monetary Institute. <ref name=":0"/>Ọ bụkwa onye nduzi nke iwu na Center for Food Safety na onye nduzi ihe gbasara gọọmentị maka Kọmitii Ndị Ọgwụ maka Ọgwụ Na-ahụ Maka Ọgwụ (PCRM) na onye na-ahụ maka onye bụbu Onye isi oche nke United Nations General Assembly.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=http://thehill.com/blogs/regwatch/other/297299-elizabeth-kucinich-named-policy-chief-for-food-safety-group|title=Elizabeth Kucinich named policy chief for food safety group|work=The Hill|date=May 2013}}</ref> N'ọnwa Disemba afọ 2012, ọ malitere ọrụ ire ala. "Ebe ihe onwunwe bụ ihe na-atọ ụtọ ogologo oge", ka o kwuru.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/reliable-source/post/elizabeth-kucinich-becomes-a-real-estate-agent-will-keep-public-affairs-job-too/2012/12/11/609d09b0-43e4-11e2-9648-a2c323a991d6_blog.html|title=Elizabeth Kucinich becomes a real-estate agent; will keep public-affairs job, too|date=11 December 2012|work=Washington Post|accessdate=28 April 2017}}</ref> Kucinich nọ na bọọdụ ndị nduzi nke ọtụtụ òtù, gụnyere Sean Penn's Haitian relief organization, J / P HRO ma nọrọ na bọọdụ nke Rodale Institute; N'afọ 2013 ọ ghọrọ onye nduzi nke iwu na Center for Food Safety, wee sonye na bọọdụ nduzi nke UNRWA USA n'ọnwa Ọktoba afọ 2014.<ref name=":1"/><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://rodaleinstitute.org/about-us/board-of-directors/|title=Board of Directors|work=rodaleinstitute.org}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.centerforfoodsafety.org/healthy-home/3274/healthy-home/press-releases/2166/elizabeth-kucinich-joins-center-for-food-safety#|title=Elizabeth Kucinich joins Center for Food Safety|date=1 May 2013|work=Center for Food Safety|accessdate=28 April 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.unrwausa.org/unrwa-usa-press-releases/2016/7/7/elizabeth-kucinich-joins-unrwa-usa-board-of-directors-to-advance-humanitarian-assistance-to-palestine-refugees|title=elizabeth kucinich joins unrwa usa board of directors to advance humanitarian assistance to palestine refugees|date=October 2014|work=UNRWAUSA|accessdate=28 April 2017|archivedate=2 July 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210702042146/https://www.unrwausa.org/unrwa-usa-press-releases/2016/7/7/elizabeth-kucinich-joins-unrwa-usa-board-of-directors-to-advance-humanitarian-assistance-to-palestine-refugees}}</ref> Kucinich bụ onye nrụpụta ọrụ nke GMO OMG, ihe nkiri mgbochi GMO. == Ndụ onwe onye == N'oge na-adịbeghị anya, o si England bịa, ya na onye isi ya si American Monetary Institute gara n'ọfịs onye omeiwu Dennis Kucinich na 4 Mee 2005. <ref name=":0"/>Ha akọwaala mmekọrịta mbụ a dị ka "ịmata mkpụrụ obi", ha lụkwara n'ihe na-erughị ọnwa anọ ka e mesịrị.<ref>{{Cite news|title=The Love Song of Dennis Kucinich|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/12/04/AR2007120402333.html|work=The Washington Post|first=Libby|author=Copeland|date=5 December 2007}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.cleveland19.com/story/2141143/marriage-license-provides-clues-to-kucinichs-wife/|title=Marriage license provides clues to Kucinich's wife|date=24 August 2005|work=[[WOIO]]|accessdate=7 December 2022}}</ref> A hụla ọdịdị Kucinich na mgbasa ozi. Magazin Vanity Fair kpọrọ ya otu n'ime ụmụ nwanyị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị "nke kacha mma" nke mba ahụ na Cleveland Magazine kpọrọ ya "onye kacha adọrọ mmasị na Cleveland". <ref>{{Cite web|title=Vanity Fair Magazine names Elizabeth Kucinich among nation's "best dressed" political wives|date=8 August 2013|url=http://www.cleveland.com/open/index.ssf/2013/08/vanity_fair_magazine_names_eli.html}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.clevelandmagazine.com/ME2/dirmod.asp?sid=E73ABD6180B44874871A91F6BA5C249C&nm=&type=Publishing&mod=Publications%3A%3AArticle&mid=1578600D80804596A222593669321019&tier=4&id=1EF078C139D84C85B843E0C6A19AE2D1|title=Our Most Interesting People|date=1 January 2006|work=Cleveland Magazine|accessdate=28 April 2017|archivedate=4 March 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304195421/http://www.clevelandmagazine.com/ME2/dirmod.asp?sid=E73ABD6180B44874871A91F6BA5C249C&nm=&type=Publishing&mod=Publications::Article&mid=1578600D80804596A222593669321019&tier=4&id=1EF078C139D84C85B843E0C6A19AE2D1}}</ref>Alexandra Petri nke ' id="mwVQ">Washington Post kọwara ya dị ka "ihe ịrịba ama dị oké ọnụ ahịa nke District".<ref>{{Cite news|title=Good-bye to Mrs. Kucinich-and to the man with her|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/compost/post/goodbye-to-mrs-kucinich--and-to-her-husband-dennis/2012/03/07/gIQAGZU9wR_blog.html|work=The Washington Post|first=Alexandra|author=Petri|authorlink=Alexandra Petri|date=7 March 2012}}</ref> == Edensibia == {{Reflist|2}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Kucinich, Elizabeth}} == Njikọ mpụga == * Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ gọọmentị * {{IMDb name}} * Ihe ncheta na The Huffington Post''Akwụkwọ akụkọ Huffington Post'' * ỌdịdịnaC-SPAN [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] scibt3a5b13hqq5kmjfay7z6oqo14jp 0 32858 644475 133534 2026-05-31T04:06:17Z Goodymeraj 16207 Fixed reference error 644475 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox website|name=Starfall}} Starfall bụ ebe nrụọrụ weebụ ụmụaka nke na-akụzi nkà ọgụgụ isi na ide Bekee. Ndị isi bụ ndị na-aga akwụkwọ ọta akara na ndị na-elekọta ụlọ akwụkwọ ọtaala. Ọ na-akụziri ụmụaka otu esi agụ site na iji egwuregwu na ụda. Usoro nke ebe nrụọrụ weebụ ahụ dabere na nyocha nke G. Reid Lyon sitere na National Institutes of Health na Edward J. Kame'enui sitere na Mahadum Oregon. <ref name="Tsubata">{{Cite news|first=Kate|author=Tsubata|title=Web site a tool to teach reading|url=http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2007/sep/24/web-site-a-tool-to-teach-reading/|work=[[The Washington Times]]|date=2007-09-24|accessdate=28 September 2009}}</ref>E mere ka ebé nrụọrụ weebụ á guzo sie ike na 2002, ebe nrụọrụ weebụ ahụ bụ n'efu iji ma ọ naghị eji [[Advertising|mgbasa ozi]] eme ụzọ iji nweta ego. Ọnụ ego nke ịgba ya na-akwụ site na ego sitere na Blue Mountain Arts, yana ego e nwetara site na mbipụta akwụkwọ ọrụ ya.<ref name="Olson">{{Cite news|first=Stefanie|author=Olson|title=The ABCs of learning online|url=http://news.cnet.com/2009-1025_3-6195272.html|work=[[CNET Networks]]|date=2007-07-09|accessdate=28 September 2009}}</ref> == Akụkọ ihe mere eme == <ref name="About">{{Cite web|title=About Starfall|url=https://teach.starfall.com/lv/info/about|publisher=Starfall|date=2019|accessdate=2019-01-12|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190113003903/https://teach.starfall.com/lv/info/about|archivedate=2019-01-13}}</ref><ref name="Olson">{{Cite news|first=Stefanie|author=Olson|title=The ABCs of learning online|url=http://news.cnet.com/2009-1025_3-6195272.html|work=[[CNET Networks]]|date=2007-07-09|accessdate=28 September 2009}}</ref><ref name="Tsubata">{{Cite news|first=Kate|author=Tsubata|title=Web site a tool to teach reading|url=http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2007/sep/24/web-site-a-tool-to-teach-reading/|work=[[The Washington Times]]|date=2007-09-24|accessdate=28 September 2009}}</ref>. <ref name="Olson" />.<ref name="Tsubata" />arfall tọrọ ntọala na August 27, 2002, site n'aka Stephen Schutz, nwunye ya Susan Polis Schutz, na nwa ha nwoke, Jared Schutz Polis. Starfall sitere na Blue Mountain Arts, ụlọ obibi akwụkwọ na Boulder, Colorad N'afọ 2006, Starfall malitere Pumarosa, nke na-enyere ndị na-asụ Spanish aka ịmụta Bekee.<ref name="Olson">{{Cite news|first=Stefanie|author=Olson|title=The ABCs of learning online|url=http://news.cnet.com/2009-1025_3-6195272.html|work=[[CNET Networks]]|date=2007-07-09|accessdate=28 September 2009}}</ref> <ref name="Olson">{{Cite news|first=Stefanie|author=Olson|title=The ABCs of learning online|url=http://news.cnet.com/2009-1025_3-6195272.html|work=[[CNET Networks]]|date=2007-07-09|accessdate=28 September 2009}}</ref>.Na Mee 2007, Starfall nwere ndị ọbịa 987,000, nke bụ mmụba 300% site na afọ gara aga. == 4 Ọdịdị ọgụgụ == Starfall nwere ọkwa ọgụgụ 4 iji kụziere ụmụaka otu esi agụ. Ọnọdụ, n'usoro site na nke kachasị mkpa ruo na nke kachasị elu bụ: "ịmụta ABCs", "ịmalite ịgụ ihe n'oge", "ịga n'etiti mmalite ịgụ ihe", na "ịga na-amalite ịgụ ihe n"ihu.<ref name="Gudmunsen">{{Cite news|first=Ginny|author=Gudmunsen|title=Free site has scoop on teaching kids to read|url=https://www.usatoday.com/tech/columnist/jinnygudmundsen/2005-08-22-starfall_x.htm|work=[[USA Today]]|date=2005-08-22|accessdate=28 September 2009}}</ref> Ọkwa nke mbụ na-akụziri ụmụ akwụkwọ ọta akara banyere ABCs. Na ọkwa a, ebe nrụọrụ weebụ ahụ na-enye ndị mmụta mkpụrụedemede niile dị n'ụdị mkpụrụedemede dị n'elu na n'ụdị obere. Mgbe ndị na-amụ ihe hụrụ okwu na-apụta na ihuenyo, ha na-anụ ụda nke mkpụrụedemede niile mejupụtara okwu. Na mbido mmalite, ndị na-amụ ihe na-emepụta okwu site na ịgbakwunye ụdaume na ezinụlọ okwu dị iche iche. A na-egosipụta mkpụrụedemede dị n'okwu ọ bụla mgbe a na-agụrụ onye mmụta ha.<ref name="Gudmunsen" /> Na ọkwa agụmakwụkwọ nke etiti, ndị na-agụ akwụkwọ nwere ike iwebata akwụkwọ ha ga-agụ na ndụ tupu ha agụ ha. Onye na-amụ ihe nwere ike ịgụ banyere ndị omenkà a ma ama na aghụghọ anwansi. N'ọkwa agụmakwụkwọ dị elu, ụmụaka nwere ike ịgụ akwụkwọ dịgasị iche iche, gụnyere akwụkwọ ndị na-abụghị akụkọ ifo, ihe omimi nnụnụ, Akụkọ ifo ndị China, na ihe ọchị.<ref name="Gudmunsen" /><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://bookriot.com/2019/02/14/read-aloud-websites-for-kids/|title=3 Read-Aloud Websites for Kids|first=Ashlie|author=Swicker|work=Book Riot|date=February 14, 2019|accessdate=April 4, 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190404195906/https://bookriot.com/2019/02/14/read-aloud-websites-for-kids/|archivedate=2019-04-04}}</ref> == Edensibia == {{Reflist|colwidth=30em}} 4gqrsmhu53v0zfjlv0uhdwhvz8sbf60 0 32898 643988 140010 2026-05-30T13:09:14Z Chiziqa 13055 Fixed reference error 643988 wikitext text/x-wiki {{IPAc-en||audio=Ig-Nkirika Peace Obiajulu.ogg}} {{circa|1954}} {{Databox}} .<ref name="blerf" /><ref name="oyetoro">{{Cite news|author=Oyetoro|first=Bimbola|title=Iron lady of TUC|url=https://onlinenigeria.com/nm/templates/?a=7141|accessdate=3 January 2021|work=OnlineNigeria|date=28 March 2006}}</ref> ara Obiajulu dị ka osote onye isi oche nke Senior Staff Association of Utilities, Statutory Corporations and Government Companies (SSASCGOC), nwanyị mbụ jere ozi na mba ya. N'afọ 2001, ọ ghọrọ onye isi oche nke otu ahụ, nwanyị mbụ duziri otu ọrụ na Naịjirịa.<ref name="oyetoro" /><ref name="kurebwa">{{Cite book|author=Kurebwa|first=Jeffrey|title=Understanding Gender in the African Context|date=2020|publisher=IGI Global|isbn=1799828174}}</ref><ref name="blerf">{{Cite web|title=OBIAJULU, Comrade (Mrs) N. Peace, (nee Abuchukwu)|url=https://blerf.org/index.php/biography/obiajulu-comrade-mrs-n-peace-nee-abuchukwu/|work=Who's Who in Nigeria|publisher=Blerf|accessdate=3 January 2021}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://blerf.org/index.php/biography/obiajulu-comrade-mrs-n-peace-nee-abuchukwu/ "OBIAJULU, Comrade (Mrs) N. Peace, (nee Abuchukwu)"]. ''Who's Who in Nigeria''. Blerf<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 January</span> 2021</span>.</cite></ref> [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 7w8x0h5ojmybyidvnparayns1fnrb2c 0 32937 644284 516548 2026-05-30T20:20:50Z Neme244 16387 added DEFAULTSORT 644284 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}   [[Category:Articles with hCards]] '''Emmanuel Nlenanya Chinwokwu''' (onye bụbu Emmanuel Nlenana Onwu) bụ onye ọkà mmụta okpukpe Naijiria na Prọfesọ nke Ọmụmụ Agba Ọhụrụ na Mahadum Naijiria, Nsukka . <ref name=":3"/>O bụbu onye isi ngalaba nke ọmụmụ okpukperechi na Mahadum Naijiria na onye a họpụtara na Studiorum Novi Testamenti Societas . <ref name=":2"/> <ref name=":0"/> <ref name=":1" /> == Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ == A mụrụ Chinwokwu na Machị 22, 1948 na Amankwu Ututu, Ututu, [[Arochukwu]] L.G.A., Abia State, Nigeria. O nwetara asambodo West African Senior School na Hope Waddell Ụlọ ọrụ Ọzụzụ, [[Calabar]] na 1966. Ọ gara Trinity Union Theological College, [[Umuahia]] ebe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na 1973. &nbsp;N'afọ 1977, ọ nwetara B. A (Hons) site na Ngalaba Okpukpe, Mahadum Naịjirịa, Nsukka, e nyekwara ya ihe nrite nke Nwa akwụkwọ kacha agụsị akwụkwọ nke Ngalaba na Nwa akwụkwọ afọ ikpeazụ kacha mma nke Faculty nke Social Sciences, Mahadim Naịjiria, Nsukka. N'afọ 1979, ọ nwetara nzere Master nke Theology Th.M. asambodo sitere na Princeton Theological Seminary, NJ, USA. Ọ laghachiri Naịjirịa wee nweta ọrụ na Mahadum Naịjirị, Nsukka. N'afọ 1981, ọ malitere PhD ya na Mahadum Naijiria, ma emesia tuga ya mesịa na Ngalaba Nkà Mmiri nke Mahadum Durham, England ebe James Dunn na Andrew Chester lekọtara ya. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=Promise Human and Obedience|url=http://www.preciousheart.net/ti/2011/099_Chinwokwu_NT_Promise_Human_Obedience.pdf}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[http://www.preciousheart.net/ti/2011/099_Chinwokwu_NT_Promise_Human_Obedience.pdf "Promise Human and Obedience"] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>.</cite></ref> O nwetara PhD ya (Nig/Durham) n'afọ 1983. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|author=Udo|first=Mary|date=2017-03-09|title=ONWU, Rev. (Prof.) Emmanuel NIenanya|url=https://blerf.org/index.php/biography/onwu-rev-prof-emmanuel-nienanya/|accessdate=2023-06-07|work=Biographical Legacy and Research Foundation|language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFUdo2017">Udo, Mary (2017-03-09). [https://blerf.org/index.php/biography/onwu-rev-prof-emmanuel-nienanya/ "ONWU, Rev. (Prof.) Emmanuel NIenanya"]. ''Biographical Legacy and Research Foundation''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-06-07</span></span>.</cite></ref> == Ọrụ == Chinwokwu malitere ọrụ <ref name=":2">{{Cite web|title=UNN|url=https://spgs.unn.edu.ng/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/02/Dept-of-Religion-Flyer.pdf}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://spgs.unn.edu.ng/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/02/Dept-of-Religion-Flyer.pdf "UNN"] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>.</cite></ref> na Mahadum Naijiria, Nsukka dị ka onye enyemaka onye nkuzi na 1980, buru onye nkuzi nke abụọ na 1981, e buliri ya ka ọ bụrụ onye nkuzi mbụ na 1984, onye nkuzi ukwu na 1986 na Prọfesọ na 1988. <ref name=":1"/> <ref name=":0"/> Ọzọkwa, a họpụtara ya ka oburu prọfesọ na Mahadum nke Zimbabwe, Harare n'etiti afọ 1993 - 1994. Ọ ghọrọ onye ọkà mmụta nleta na onye nyocha ule mpụga nke Mahadum Cambridge, England UK na Mahadum Edinburgh na 1995.   <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2023)">citation needed</span>]]''&#x5D;</sup> N'agbata afọ 2004 - 2005, ọ bụ Prọfesọ Sabbatical na Mahadum Abia Steeti ma nọgide n'otu ọkwa ahụ na [[Mahadum nke Ȯra Ebonyi|Mahadum Ebonyi steeti]] n'agbata 2009 - 2010 <ref name=":0"/> <ref name=":1"/>&nbsp; == Akwụkwọ ndị e bipụtara == * E. N. Onwu. (1991). Nkwupụta Nkwupụta Maka Ọdịnala Jizọs * N. Onwu (1997). Gaa ma mee ndị na-eso ụzọ: Ịchọpụta Iwu Akwụkwọ Nsọ n'Africa. * <ref name=":3">{{Cite web|author=Onwu|first=No.|date=2002|title=Onwu, N. Uzo Ndu Na Eziokwu: Towards An Understanding of Igbo Traditional Religious Life and Philosophy|url=http://ahiajoku.igbonet.com/2002/|accessdate=2023-11-01|archivedate=2023-06-07|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230607163837/http://ahiajoku.igbonet.com/2002/}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFOnwu2002">Onwu, No. (2002). .</cite></ref>, N. Uzo Ndu Na Eziokwu: N'ịga n'ihu na Nghọta nke Ndụ Okpukpe ọdịnala Igbo na nkà ihe ọmụma. * Onwu, N., Isiokwu na njedebe nke Oge Agba Ọhụrụ. == Ihe odide == <references /> {{DEFAULTSORT:Chinwokwu, Emmanuel}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] me551ytj237hrbmion0xuahsxdpw51n 0 32991 644033 140065 2026-05-30T14:04:54Z Chiziqa 13055 Fixed reference error 644033 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Innocent Achanya Otobo Ujah (amuru 6 Novemba 1954) bu onye Naijiria prọfesọ gbasara umunwanyi na gbasara nwanyi, onye osote onye isi ulo akwukwo Federal University of Health Sciences, Otukpo, Benue State ugbua. . <ref name=":0" /> == Akụkọ ndụ == <ref name=":1" />A mụrụ Ujah na 6 Novemba, 1954 ma bụrụ onye Aidogodo-Okpoga, Okpokwu, Benue State.[1] Ọ gụrụ ọgwụ na Ahmadu Bello University (ABU), Zaria wee gụchaa na June 1978. Ọ malitere ịrụ ọrụ dị ka onye nkuzi na onye ndụmọdụ na Mahadum Jos na Ụlọ Ọgwụ Nkụzi Mahadum na 1988. <ref name=":2" /> ghọrọ prọfesọ n'afọ 2001. Ọ lụrụ nwanyị ma nwee ụmụ anọ. <ref>{{Cite web|author=|date=2020-05-25|title=Group Tells Buhari, Education Minister Not To Appoint Sacked NIRM Director General, Ujah, As Vice Chancellor Of New University|url=http://saharareporters.com/2020/05/25/group-tells-buhari-education-minister-not-appoint-sacked-nirm-director-general-ujah-vice|accessdate=2021-08-29|work=Sahara Reporters}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite web|author=Ona|first=John|date=2021-04-29|title=Benue Movement to honour Prof. Ujah by May 6|url=https://www.nationalaccordnewspaper.com/benue-movement-to-honour-prof-ujah-by-may-6/|accessdate=2021-08-29|work=National Accord Newspaper|language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFOna2021">Ona, John (2021-04-29). [https://www.nationalaccordnewspaper.com/benue-movement-to-honour-prof-ujah-by-may-6/ "Benue Movement to honour Prof. Ujah by May 6"]. ''National Accord Newspaper''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-08-29</span></span>.</cite></ref>[[Goodluck Jonathan|Dr. Goodluck Jonathan]] họpụtara Ujah dị ka onye isi nchịkwa nke Nigerian Institute of Medical Research (NIMR) n'ọnwa Eprel afọ 2010 ma wepụ ya na 27 Julaị afọ 2016 maka ebubo nrụrụ aka. A họpụtara ya dị ka onye ọsụ ụzọ osote onye isi nke Federal University of Health Sciences, Otukpo site n'aka [[Muhammadu Buhari]] na 12 Mee 2020. <ref name=":2" /> A họpụtara ya dị ka onye isi oche nke Nigerian Medical Association (NMA) na ntuli aka na 30 Mee 2020, na-anọchi Francis Faduyile. <ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-04-22|title=NMA dismisses call to probe its President|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2021/04/nma-dismisses-call-to-probe-its-president/|accessdate=2021-08-29|work=Vanguard News|language=en-US}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web|date=2020-05-30|title=Professor Innocent Ujah is NMA's new President|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2020/05/professor-innocent-ujah-is-nmas-new-president/|accessdate=2021-08-29|work=Vanguard News|language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://www.vanguardngr.com/2020/05/professor-innocent-ujah-is-nmas-new-president/ "Professor Innocent Ujah is NMA's new President"]. ''Vanguard News''. 2020-05-30<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-08-29</span></span>.</cite></ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web|author=Onyeji|first=Ebuka|date=2020-08-05|title=Profile: Innocent Ujah, Nigeria's First-ever Virtually Elected Doctor's President|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/health/health-news/406938-profile-innocent-ujah-nigerias-first-ever-virtually-elected-doctors-president.html|accessdate=2021-08-29|language=en-GB}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFOnyejiAdebowale2020">Onyeji, Ebuka; Adebowale, Nike (2020-08-05). [https://www.premiumtimesng.com/health/health-news/406938-profile-innocent-ujah-nigerias-first-ever-virtually-elected-doctors-president.html "Profile: Innocent Ujah, Nigeria's First-ever Virtually Elected Doctor's President"]<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-08-29</span></span>.</cite></ref> na-enwe nchegbu banyere mpụta Ujah dị ka onye isi ala NMA n'ihi na ọ bụ onye a họpụtara na gọọmentị na esemokwu ọdịmma ya nwere ike imebi ọnọdụ NMA. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Oguntola|first=Sunday|date=2015-11-07|title=Things fall apart at NIMR|url=https://thenationonlineng.net/things-fall-apart-at-nimr/|accessdate=2021-08-29|work=[[The Nation (Nigeria)]]|language=en-US}}</ref> nyochara ya maka ụfọdụ mmebi iwu n'oge ọ na-eduzi NIMR. Ọ bụ onye otu Society of Gynaecology and Obstetrics of Nigeria (SOGON). <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|author=Onyeji|first=Ebuka|date=2020-08-05|title=Profile: Innocent Ujah, Nigeria's First-ever Virtually Elected Doctor's President|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/health/health-news/406938-profile-innocent-ujah-nigerias-first-ever-virtually-elected-doctors-president.html|accessdate=2021-08-29|language=en-GB}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFOnyejiAdebowale2020">Onyeji, Ebuka; Adebowale, Nike (2020-08-05). [https://www.premiumtimesng.com/health/health-news/406938-profile-innocent-ujah-nigerias-first-ever-virtually-elected-doctors-president.html "Profile: Innocent Ujah, Nigeria's First-ever Virtually Elected Doctor's President"]<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-08-29</span></span>.</cite></ref> == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] tt39ww82lvux6el0x0cfdyyql9lrvar 0 33032 644465 181795 2026-05-31T03:42:53Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 644465 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Aderemi Aaron-Anthony Atayero''' (amuru Ọktoba 26, 1969, na Ikeja) bu onye injinia Naijiria jere ozi dika osote onye isi oche nke anọ nke Mahadum Ọgbụgba Ndụ, Nigeria. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ mbụ dị ka onye osote osote onye isi agụmakwụkwọ mbụ, Coordinator School of Engineering, na ugboro abụọ dị ka onye isi ngalaba nke Eletriki na Information Engineering nke Mahadum ọgbụgba ndụ. [1] [2] Atayero bụ onye ọrụ nyocha nke International Association of Research Scholars and Administrator, na onye otu Sayensị Association nke Nigeria (FSAN). <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=http://covenantuniversity.edu.ng/About-Us/The-Vice-Chancellor#.Ws0wL4jwbIX|title=The Vice Chancellor / About Us / Home - Covenant University|author=University|first=Covenant|work=covenantuniversity.edu.ng|language=en-US|accessdate=2018-04-10|archivedate=2014-08-11|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140811055639/http://covenantuniversity.edu.ng/About-Us/The-Vice-Chancellor#.Ws0wL4jwbIX}}</ref> == Agụmakwụkwọ na ọrụ == Atayero nwetara akara ugo mmụta nke mbụ ya na nzere bachelọ sayensị na injinia redio, na-agụsị akwụkwọ summa cum laude na 1992 na Moscow Institute of Technology (MIT). Na 1994, ọ gara n'ihu maka nna ukwu ya na usoro nkwukọrịta satịlaịtị. Ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ na Moscow State Technical University of Civil Aviation (MSTUCA) ebe ọ nwetara PhD ya n'afọ 2000. Prọfesọ Atayero bụ onye ndu otu ọrụ nke Mahadum Ọgbụgba ndụ Smart City (SmartCU), yana onye isi nke Mahadum Ọgbụgba ndụ IoT-Enabled Smart & Connected Communities Research ụyọkọ. <ref name=":0"/> O nwetara ekele nke mbụ ya, gọọmentị Rọshịa akwụ ụgwọ dị ka nwa akwụkwọ n'ime afọ 1988 ruo 1994. Mgbe ahụ, e nyere ya akwụkwọ mmụta site n'aka gọọmenti etiti gọọmenti etiti Nigeria Scholarship: Bureau for External Aide, n'afọ 1988 ruo 1994. Na 2005, ọ bụ nyere onyinye onyinye maka FPGA na VHDL Workshop site na International Center for Theoretical Physics (Trieste, Italy), Kumasi Ghana. == Ndụ mbụ na ezinụlọ == Atayero Aderemi Aaron-Anthony mụrụ na October 26, 1969, na Ikeja, Lagos State nye Prince na Oriakụ Atayero nke eze Atayero ezinụlọ na Ijeshaland, Osun State, Nigeria. O si n'okpuru ọchịchị Ilesa West. Amụrụ onye nna odibo ọha na-agagharị agagharị bụ onye jere ozi dị ka onye na-ahụ maka udo na nne na-ahụ maka ahụike, Atayero na-esi n'otu akụkụ Nigeria gaa n'ọzọ mgbe niile. Ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ praịmarị na St. Agnes Primary School, Ikeja, Lagos;mana dịka onye ibe nna ya, ọ gara ụlọ akwụkwọ atọ dị iche iche maka agụmakwụkwọ sekọndrị. Ndị a bụ ụlọ akwụkwọ Ila Grammar, Ila Ọragun (na steeti Oyo ochie, ugbu a dị na steeti Osun), Urban Day Secondary School, Eleyele, Ibadan, Oyo State na St. Joseph Secondary School, Agege, Lagos: maka Forms 1 na 2, Ụdị 3 na Ụdị 4 na 5, n'otu n'otu. Atayero nwetara kredit mmalite na ndụ mgbe n'afọ 1986, o nwere rịzọlt kacha mma West African Examinations Council (WAEC) na mpaghara Agege-Alimosho Local Government nke Lagos State. Ihe ịrụ ụka adịghị ya na nke a bụ ihe enyemaka na akwụkwọ mmụta gọọmentị Naijiria-Russian abụọ ọ nwetara iji nweta agụmakwụkwọ dị elu (mahadum) na mba ọzọ. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=http://atayero.covenantuniversity.edu.ng/|title=AAA Atayero|work=atayero.covenantuniversity.edu.ng|language=en-US|accessdate=2018-06-12|archivedate=2018-06-12|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612104242/http://atayero.covenantuniversity.edu.ng/}}</ref>Atayero lụrụ nwunye onye Russia, Olga, onye ya na ya nwere ụmụ nwoke atọ: Remi, Femi na Fela Atayero. == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * [http://tekhnosfera.com/otsenka-kachestva-tsifrovoy-peredachi-analogovoy-informatsii-v-korporativnyh-setyah-sputnikovoy-svyazi Thesis PhD nke Atayero] (n'asụsụ Russian) [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 8rfv1g8qcn69nbq1rhwv6n062k3vvyg 0 33214 644206 141324 2026-05-30T19:34:12Z Wikipedian12512(alt) 61413 ce 644206 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''''Asari'<nowiki/>''-Dokubo''' (amụrụ n'afọ 1964), onye bụbu '''Melford Dokubo Goodhead Jr.''' ma na-akpọkarị Asari, bụ onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nke agbụrụ Ijaw na mpaghara Niger Delta nke [[Naijiria|Naịjirịa]]. Ọ bụ onye isi oche nke Ijaw Youth Council maka oge malite na 2001 ma mesịa guzobe Niger Delta People's Volunteer Force nke ga-aghọ otu n'ime ndị agha a ma ama na-arụ ọrụ na mpaghara Niger Delta. Ọ bụ onye Alakụba nwere echiche ndị mmadụ na nguzo na-emegide gọọmentị nke mere ka ọ bụrụ dike n'etiti ụfọdụ ndị bi n'ógbè ahụ. [[Category:Articles with hCards]] == Oge ọ malitere == A mụrụ Asari na 1964 n'ime ezinụlọ [[Onye Kraịst|Ndị Kraịst]] nọ n'ọkwá dị n'etiti nke onye ọka ikpe ụlọ ikpe na onye na-elekọta ụlọ na Buguma, Rivers State, onye nwekwara ụmụ anọ ndị ọzọ. Ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ praịmarị na sekọndrị na Port Harcourt ma nabata ya n'ụlọ akwụkwọ iwu na Mahadum Calabar mana ọ kwụsịrị mgbe naanị afọ atọ gachara na 1990, na-ekwu na nsogbu ya na ndị isi mahadum bụ ihe kpatara ya. O mere mgbalị ndị ọzọ iji mezue agụmakwụkwọ ya mana ọrụ ya mere ka ọ kwụsị na nzere ya na Rivers State University of Science and Technology maka ihe ndị yiri nke ahụ dị na Calabar, Cross Rivers State, Nigeria. == Mgbalị == Mgbe ọ hapụsịrị ụlọ akwụkwọ, Asari ghọrọ onye [[Àlakụ̀ba|Alakụba]] ma gbanwee aha ya ka ọ bụrụ Mujahid Dokubo-Asari iji gosipụta nke a. Ọ nọrọ ọtụtụ oge n'afọ ndị 1990 na-anwa itinye aka na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị mpaghara, na-agba ọsọ maka ọfịs abụọ na Rivers State na 1992 na 1998 mana ọ meriri na nke ọ bụla. N'afọ 1998, e guzobere Ijaw Youth Council (IYC) ma họpụta Asari, dị ka onye guzobere ya, ka ọ bụrụ osote onye isi oche nke nzukọ ahụ. Nzukọ ahụ wepụtara Nkwupụta Kaiama na Nọvemba, na-ekwupụta nchegbu Ijaw nwere ogologo oge banyere enweghị ike ịchịkwa ala nna ha na ndụ ha na steeti Naijiria na ụlọ ọrụ mmanụ na-arụ ọrụ na mpaghara ahụ. Nkwupụta ahụ na akwụkwọ ozi e degaara ụlọ ọrụ mmanụ kpọrọ ha ka ha kwụsị ọrụ ma pụọ n'ókèala Ijaw. IYC kwere nkwa "ịgba mbọ n'udo maka nnwere onwe, mkpebi onwe onye na ikpe ziri ezi nke gburugburu ebe obibi," ma kwadebe mkpọsa nke ememe, ekpere, na ime ihe kpọmkwem - 'Operation Climate Change' malite na Disemba 28. Gọọmentị Naijiria meghachiri site na mmegide ozugbo na otu ahụ. Asari ghọrọ onye isi oche nke IYC n'afọ 2001 ma duru otu ahụ gaa n'ihu na atụmatụ nke "Nchịkwa Resource na Nchịkwa Onwe Onye site n'ụzọ ọ bụla dị mkpa". Ka ọ na-erule afọ 2004, Asari ahapụla n'ihu ọha. Ọ ga-aga n'ihu mepụta ndị ọrụ afọ ofufo nke Niger Delta People's Volunteer Force (NDPVF), nke ga-apụta dị ka isi ihe na-akpali ọgba aghara na mpaghara Delta. NDPVF, otu ndị agha, bụ ndị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị mpaghara na mpaghara na-achọ nnukwu uru site na ego mmanụ mpaghara ahụ kwadoro. NDPVF mere ka esemokwu agha na otu ndị na-asọmpi, nke a maara dị ka Niger Delta Vigilante (NDV), bụ ndị na-achọkwa ịchịkwa ihe onwunwe mmanụ Delta. Ọ bụ ezie na Asari ekwuola n'ụzọ doro anya na ya anaghị etinye aka na otu nzukọ nnwere onwe Biafra ọ bụla, ọ pụtara na ihe omume n'oge gara aga na Ralph Uwazurike nke MASSOB. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://saharareporters.com/2017/07/09/asari-dokubo-biafran-soc-okenwa|title=Asari Dokubo As A Biafran! By SOC Okenwa|date=2017-07-09|work=Sahara Reporters|accessdate=2019-03-22}}</ref> na-aja Nnamdi Kanu nke Ụmụ amaala Biafra mma n'ajụjụ ọnụ dị iche iche. <ref name="vanguard">{{Cite web|url=http://www.vanguardngr.com/articles/2002/politics/june07/16062007/p216062007.html|title=Uwazurike’s wife celebrates Asari-Dokubo’s freedom|accessdate=30 June 2013|date=16 June 2007|work=Vanguard|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070820175124/http://www.vanguardngr.com/articles/2002/politics/june07/16062007/p216062007.html|archivedate=August 20, 2007}}</ref>'abalị iri na anọ n'ọnwa Juun afọ 2007, a tọhapụrụ Asari n'ụgwọ dị ka akụkụ nke nkwa onye isi ala ọhụrụ bụ Umaru Yar'Adua ịnwa iweta udo na mpaghara Niger Delta. Asari natara ụgwọ ego kwa afọ nke <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052702304019404577420160886588518|title=Nigeria's Former Oil Bandits Now Collect Government Cash|author=Drew Hinshaw|date=22 August 2012|work=WSJ|accessdate=22 October 2015}}</ref> $ 10 nde kwa afọ site n'aka Abuja dị ka akụkụ nke "ụgwọ nchebe nke pipeline" nke gọọmentị etiti iji chebe paịpụ na iyi ndị agha na-atụ bọmbụ, na-atọrọ ma na-egbu ndị ọrụ na ndị nche n'ógbè ahụ. == Ụmụ amaala nke Republic of Benin == <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://naijagists.com/asari-dokubo-denounces-his-nigerian-citizenship-relocates-to-benin-republic/|title=Asari Dokubo Renounces Nigerian Citizenship Relocates To Benin Republic - Nollywood, Nigeria, News, Celebrity, Gists, Gossips, Entertainment|author=|date=|work=naijagists.com|accessdate=22 October 2015}}</ref>'afọ 2013, Dokubo Asari ghọrọ nwa amaala Benin ma wepụ akụ na ụba ya na akụ ya na Niger Delta, Naijiria wee kwaga Cotonou, Benin Republic ebe o wuru ọtụtụ ụlọ akwụkwọ, kọleji na mahadum maka ụmụaka na ụmụ akwụkwọ na Cotonou. == Ihe odide == <references responsive="1"></references> == Njikọ mpụga == * [http://www.jamestown.org/terrorism/news/article.php?articleid=2373587 Jamestown Foundation Profile nke Mujahid Dokubo-Asari: Onye ndú Ijaw nke Niger Delta] * [http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/3713664.stm BBC Profile nke Asari: Onye agha mmanụ Naijiria] [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 284oqb6j92tb81lparjwo3gjr8mxz54 0 33223 644271 157104 2026-05-30T20:15:32Z Neme244 16387 added DEFAULTSORT 644271 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Emmanuel Bayode Ajulo''' (amụrụ na 26 Septemba 1947) jere ozi dị ka Bishọp Anglịkan mbụ nke Okene na mpaghara Lokoja nke Chọọchị Naịjirịa site na 2008 ruo mgbe ọ lara ezumike nká na 2017.   <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2023)">citation needed</span>]]''&#x5D;</sup> A mụrụ ya na Lampese (nke bụ Edo State ugbu a), ọ gakwara Anglican Grammar School Igarra site na 1962 ruo 1966. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=THIRD SESSION OF THE SEVENTH SYNOD OF THE DIOCESE OF NSUKKA ON FRIDAY 24TH OCTOBER, 2014|url=http://www.adonsk.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/THIRD-SESSION-OF-THE-7TH-SYNOD.pdf|accessdate=2021-03-27|work=webcache.googleusercontent.com|archivedate=2022-06-26|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220626104430/https://adonsk.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/THIRD-SESSION-OF-THE-7TH-SYNOD.pdf}}</ref> O nwere BA na Bekee (1973) na MA (English Studies) na 1978 site na Mahadum Ife na PhD (English Language) site na Machịum Sheffield, England (1980). Ajulo nwere ọkwa na mahadum ndị a: Ambrose Alli, [[Mahadum nke Ahmadu Bello|Ahmadu Bello]], na Mahadum Jos (ebe ọ ghọrọ Prọfesọ na 1995). <ref>{{Cite web|author=NIGERIA|first=Aglow International|title=aglow international: nigeria, 2021.|url=https://aglownigeria.org/contact-us|accessdate=2021-03-27|work=Aglow International, NIGERIA|language=en-GB}}</ref> E mere ya ka ọ bụrụ Pioneer Bishop, Anglican Diocese of Okene na 2008 <ref name=":0"/> ma Emmanuel Onsachi nọchiri ya mgbe ọ lara ezumike nká na 2017. <ref>{{Cite web|title=The Ven Emmanuel Onsachi on World Anglican Clerical Directory|url=https://www.worldanglican.com/nigeria/okene/the-church-of-nigeria-anglican-communion/the-ven-emmanuel-onsachi|accessdate=2021-03-27|work=World Anglican Clerical Directory|language=en}}</ref> O dere akụkọ ndụ onwe ya: The Child Of His Mercy . <ref>{{Cite web|title=The Child of His Mercy – Origami Books|url=https://www.origami.com.ng/our-books/the-child-of-mercy/|accessdate=2021-03-27|language=en-GB|archivedate=2021-03-05|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210305185908/https://www.origami.com.ng/our-books/the-child-of-mercy/}}</ref> == Ihe odide == {{Authority control}} <references group="" responsive="1"></references>  {{Provinces (with dioceses) in the Church of Nigeria}}{{Nigeria topics}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Ajulo, Emmanuel Bayode}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] q7vgsma7d5bmhfgn0chrcdysbcj0nzh 0 33430 643979 140891 2026-05-30T12:47:52Z Chiziqa 13055 Fixed reference error 643979 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}   [[Category:Articles with hCards]] <ref name="jame" />Kaori Hasegawa (amụrụ na Machị 11, 1972), nke a maara site na aha egwu Ua (Nkọwa okwu Japanese: [ɯːa]), bụ onye na-agụ egwu na Japan. O mere nke mbụ ya n'okpuru Speedstar Records na 1995 na otu "Horizon".  == Akụkọ ndụ == A mụrụ Ua Kaori Shima ma too na Suita, Osaka. Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Saga University of Arts na [[Kyoto]], ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye na-agụ egwú na obodo ya. N'ebe ahụ n'afọ 1994, onye na-emepụta ihe bụ Hiroshi Fujiwara nyochara ya. <ref name="barks">{{Cite news|url=http://www.barks.jp/artist/?id=52002633&m=bio|title=UA : バイオグラフィー / BARKS アーティスト|accessdate=April 22, 2010|date=January 10, 2007|work=Barks|language=ja}}</ref> were aha a na-adịghị ahụkebe nke ''Ua'' (okwu [[Swahili language|Swahili]] nke pụtara ma "flowers" na "kill") wee mee nke mbụ ya na "Horizon" nke Fujiwara mepụtara. Otu egwu <ref name="jame">{{Cite news|url=http://www.jame-world.com/se/database-artists-biography-1035-ua.html|title=UA – artister – JaME Sverige|accessdate=April 22, 2010|date=July 18, 2009|work=JaME World}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[http://www.jame-world.com/se/database-artists-biography-1035-ua.html "UA – artister – JaME Sverige"]. ''JaME World''. July 18, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 22,</span> 2010</span>.</cite></ref> nke anọ "Jōnetsu" ghọrọ ihe na-ewu ewu ma mata Ua na Japan niile. Mgbe <ref name="tokyograph" /> weputara abọm mbụ ya, ''11'', Ua lụrụ onye na-eme ihe nkiri Jun Murakami ma mụọ nwa nwoke, Nijirō, na 1997, onye bụkwa onye na-ese ihe nkiri. Di na nwunye ahụ gbara alụkwaghịm na 2006. <ref name="tokyograph" /> <ref name="jame">{{Cite news|url=http://www.jame-world.com/se/database-artists-biography-1035-ua.html|title=UA – artister – JaME Sverige|accessdate=April 22, 2010|date=July 18, 2009|work=JaME World}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[http://www.jame-world.com/se/database-artists-biography-1035-ua.html "UA – artister – JaME Sverige"]. ''JaME World''. July 18, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 22,</span> 2010</span>.</cite></ref>'afọ 2000, mgbe abọm abụọ ọzọ, ''Ametora'' na ''Turbo'', Ua wepụrụ onwe ya n'ọrụ ya n'onwe ya wee guzobe otu egwu Ajico na Kenichi Asai. Ọ maliteghachiri ọrụ ya n'onwe ya na 2002 wee wepụta abọm nke anọ ya, ''Dorobō'' . <ref name="jame" />'otu afọ ahụ, o mere ihe nkiri mbụ ya dị ka onye isi na ihe nkiri ''Mizu no Onna'', yana inye aka na ụdaolu. Ihe <ref name="jame" /> ahụ gara n'ihu merie ihe nrite Golden Alexander maka Best Feature-Length Film na International Thessaloniki Film Festival ma gosipụta ya na 2003 Cannes Film Festival . [1] N'afọ 2003, Ua wepụtara Illuminate: The Very Best Songs, abọm nchịkọta mbụ ya. <ref name="excite">{{Cite news|url=http://www.excite.co.jp/music/news/story/16911/|title=<nowiki>[UA] 初のベストアルバムを2枚組で発表！映像作品も同時リリース！｜エキサイトミュージック（音楽）</nowiki>|accessdate=April 22, 2010|date=August 13, 2003|work=[[Excite (web portal)|Excite]]|language=ja}}</ref> <ref name="jame">{{Cite news|url=http://www.jame-world.com/se/database-artists-biography-1035-ua.html|title=UA – artister – JaME Sverige|accessdate=April 22, 2010|date=July 18, 2009|work=JaME World}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[http://www.jame-world.com/se/database-artists-biography-1035-ua.html "UA – artister – JaME Sverige"]. ''JaME World''. July 18, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 22,</span> 2010</span>.</cite></ref>'ọnwa Eprel nke afọ ahụ, ọ gbasaa ọrụ ya site n'ịghọ onye ọbịa aha ya bụ あうあ (nkwupụta ahụ ka bụ otu ebe ọ bụ na ọ bụ nnọchiteanya phonetic nke aha ya) nke mmemme TV agụmakwụkwọ na NHK a na-akpọ Do Re Mi no TV, nke e mere iji nyefee egwu ọdịnala ndị Japan nye ụmụaka. [1] <ref name="livedoor">{{Cite news|url=http://news.livedoor.com/article/detail/4517725/|title=UAの沖縄民謡が日仏合作映画「ユキとニナ」主題歌に抜擢 – livedoor ニュース|accessdate=April 22, 2010|date=December 22, 2009|work=[[Livedoor]]|language=ja}}</ref>''Utauua'', nchịkọta nke egwu ndị a na-eme, ka ewepụtara na 2004. [1] <ref name="jame" />'otu afọ ahụ, o wepụtara abọm ya nke ise, Sun, nke Ted Jensen mepụtara. <ref name="oops2">{{Cite news|url=http://oops-music.com/info/view_news.html?nid=19613|title=UAがコラボレーション楽曲などを集めた裏ベスト盤『Nephews』発売 – OOPS!|accessdate=April 22, 2010|date=October 6, 2005|work=Oops!|language=ja}}</ref><ref name="oops1">{{Cite news|url=http://oops-music.com/info/view_news.html?nid=16531|title=UAが日比谷野外音楽堂でのライヴを開催 – OOPS!|accessdate=April 22, 2010|date=March 30, 2005|work=Oops!|language=ja}}</ref>'afọ 2005, o wepụtara abọm nke isii ya, Breathe, na abọm nchịkọta nke mmekorita akpọrọ Nephews iji mee emume ncheta afọ 10 ya. [1] [2] <ref name="oops3">{{Cite news|url=http://oops-music.com/info/view_news.html?nid=24956|title=UA×菊地成孔『cure jazz』の全曲試聴がスタート – OOPS!|accessdate=April 22, 2010|date=July 1, 2006|work=Oops!|language=ja}}</ref>'afọ 2006, Ua sooro onye ''Ọgwụ Jazz'' a ma ama Naruyoshi Kikuchi rụkọọ ọrụ na album Cure Jazz . [1] <ref name="oops5">{{Cite news|url=http://oops-music.com/info/view_news.html?nid=29561|title=女性シンガー"UA"松本人志の初監督作品映画「大日本人」に出演 – OOPS!|accessdate=April 22, 2010|date=March 30, 2007|work=Oops!|language=ja}}</ref><ref name="oops4">{{Cite news|url=http://oops-music.com/info/view_news.html?nid=30207|title=UA(ウーア)アルバム「Golden green」6月20日リリース – OOPS!|accessdate=April 22, 2010|date=May 3, 2007|work=Oops!|language=ja}}</ref>'afọ 2007, na mgbakwunye na ịtọhapụ abọm nke asaa ya Golden Green, Ua mere njem nke abụọ n'ime ihe nkiri site n'ịpụta na Hitoshi Matsumoto's directory debut ''Dai Nipponjin''. [1] [2] N'afọ 2008, Ua kpughere na ọ lụrụ di ọzọ ma mụọ nwa nwanyị, n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ. <ref name="natalie2">{{Cite news|url=http://natalie.mu/music/news/16643|title=ナタリー – "歌手UA"本領発揮アルバム「ATTA」に細野晴臣も参加|accessdate=April 22, 2010|date=May 20, 2009|work=Natalie|language=ja}}</ref>'ọnwa Disemba, ọ wepụtara egwu "2008", nke abọm ya nke asatọ, ''Atta'', sochiri na Julaị 2009. <ref name="tokyograph">{{Cite news|url=http://www.tokyograph.com/news/id-3121|title=UA pregnant with second child – Tokyograph|accessdate=April 22, 2010|date=May 5, 2008|work=Tokyograph}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[http://www.tokyograph.com/news/id-3121 "UA pregnant with second child – Tokyograph"]. ''Tokyograph''. May 5, 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 22,</span> 2010</span>.</cite></ref> <ref name="natalie1">{{Cite news|url=http://natalie.mu/music/news/10962|title=ナタリー – UA新作ジャケ公開＆アメトラDVDが低価格で再発|accessdate=April 22, 2010|date=November 13, 2008|work=Natalie|language=ja}}</ref> <ref name="natalie3">{{Cite news|url=http://natalie.mu/music/news/30188|title=ナタリー – UA、デビュー15周年記念の東阪野外ワンマンライブ開催|accessdate=April 22, 2010|date=April 7, 2010|work=Natalie|language=ja}}</ref>'ọnwa Eprel afọ 2010, Ua wepụtara abọm nke anọ ya, nke akpọrọ Haluto Live . [1] <ref name="Oricon Style1">{{Cite news|url=http://www.oricon.co.jp/news/entertainment/80464/full/|title=UA自宅火災に事務所がコメント「家族4人が怪我もなく、無事な事が不幸中の幸い」|accessdate=March 13, 2013|date=September 27, 2010|work=ORICON STYLE|language=ja}}</ref> Septemba 2010, ụlọ ya na ụlọ ọrụ ya na Sagamihara gbara ọkụ na mberede; ọ dịghị onye merụrụ ahụ. == Ihe nkiri == {| class="wikitable" ! colspan="4" style="background: LightSteelBlue;" |Ihe nkiri |- !Afọ !Aha ya !Ọrụ !Ihe edeturu |- |2002 |''Mizu no Onna'' |Ryo Shimizu |Ọrụ ndu |- |2007 |''Dai Nipponjin'' |Onye njikwa Kobori | |- |2009 |''Nri'' |Ya onwe ya |Ihe nkiri |- |- ! colspan="4" style="background: LightSteelBlue;" |Telivishọn |- !Afọ !Aha ya !Ọrụ !Ihe edeturu |- |2002 |''Shiritsu Nwaanyị Hama Mike'' |Naomi |Nkebi nke 2 |- |2003–2006 |''Mee Ka m ghara inwe TV'' |Uua | |- |} == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Articles with hCards]] [[Òtù:Short description is different from Wikidata]] [[Òtù:Articles with short description]] hkm93pqk6knj40bdx94aom072289g6e 0 33453 644223 189092 2026-05-30T19:39:22Z Wikipedian12512(alt) 61413 ce 644223 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Marcellinius Nlemigbo''' bụ onye na-ahụ maka iwu na Naijiria, onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na onye ọchụnta ego na-ahụkarị na Imo State.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2023-01-16|title=2023 elections: Former IPAC chairman urges level playing ground Tunji Adedeji on January 16, 2023 at 5:44 pm - NUMBAT|url=https://numbat.ng/2023/01/16/2023-elections-former-ipac-chairman-urges-level-playing-ground-tunji-adedeji-on-january-16-2023-at-544-pm/|accessdate=2023-06-10|language=en-US|archivedate=2023-06-10|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230610150210/https://numbat.ng/2023/01/16/2023-elections-former-ipac-chairman-urges-level-playing-ground-tunji-adedeji-on-january-16-2023-at-544-pm/}}</ref> bụbu onye isi oche nke Inter Party Advisory Council (IPAC) nke All-Progressive Congress (APC). <ref>{{Cite web|author=Adedeji|first=Tunji|date=2023-01-16|title=2023 elections: Former IPAC chairman urges level playing ground|url=https://dailypost.ng/2023/01/16/2023-elections-former-ipac-chairman-urges-level-playing-ground/|accessdate=2023-06-10|work=Daily Post Nigeria|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=Expulsion Of Imo Guber Candidate Senator Uzodinma Null And Void – APC NWC – Independent Newspaper Nigeria|url=https://independent.ng/expulsion-of-imo-guber-candidate-senator-uzodinma-null-and-void-apc-nwc/|accessdate=2023-06-10|work=independent.ng}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=Emeruwa|first=Chijindu|date=2020-09-07|title=INEC recognizes Marcelinus Nlemigbo as duly chairman of APC in Imo|url=https://dailypost.ng/2020/09/07/inec-recognizes-marcelinus-nlemigbo-as-duly-chairman-of-apc-in-imo/|accessdate=2023-06-10|work=Daily Post Nigeria|language=en-US}}</ref> Septemba 1, 2020, Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC), na Onye isi oche mba, Kọmitii Nlekọta nke APC nabatara ya dị ka onye ndú a họpụtara nke Kọmitii Na-ahụ Maka Ọrụ nke APC guzobere iji lekọta ihe omume nke Imo State Chapter nke pati ahụ ka a na-echere ịme mgbakọ ọhụrụ na Imo State. <ref>{{Cite web|date=2015-12-15|title=Ex Imo PDP Chairman, Nlemigbo called to Bar...Photo News|url=https://dailyreviewonline-ng.com/2015/12/15/ex-imo-pdp-chairman-nlemigbo-called-to-bar-photo-news/|accessdate=2023-06-10|work=Daily Review Online - Nigeria and World News|language=en-US}}</ref>'afọ 2017, a kpọrọ ya ka ọ bụrụ onye ọka iwu na onye ọka iwu nke Ụlọikpe Kasị Elu nke Naịjirịa. [1] == Mmụta == <ref>{{Cite web|date=2015-12-15|title=Ex Imo PDP Chairman, Nlemigbo called to Bar...Photo News|url=https://dailyreviewonline-ng.com/2015/12/15/ex-imo-pdp-chairman-nlemigbo-called-to-bar-photo-news/|accessdate=2023-06-10|work=Daily Review Online - Nigeria and World News|language=en-US}}</ref> gụsịrị akwụkwọ, na 2017, a kpọrọ ya ka ọ bụrụ onye ọka iwu dị ka onye ọka iwu na onye ọka iwu nke Ụlọikpe Kasị Elu nke Naịjirịa. <ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-02-26|title=Imo APC Chair, Nlemigbo clocks 66|url=https://kpnation.com/imo-apc-chair-nlemigbo-clocks-66/|accessdate=2023-06-10|work=KP NATION|language=en-GB|archivedate=2023-06-10|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230610150159/https://kpnation.com/imo-apc-chair-nlemigbo-clocks-66/}}</ref> == Ọrụ na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị == Ọ sonyeere ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị mgbe ọ dị obere ma mesịa bụrụ onyeisi oche nke Peoples Democratic Party (PDP). <ref>{{Cite web|author=The Nation|first=Online|date=2023-06-10|title=why-power-should-shift-to-southeast-by-nlemigbo|url=https://thenationonlineng.net/why-power-should-shift-to-southeast-by-nlemigbo/|work=The Nation Onlineng}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=innonews|date=2020-09-02|title=INEC Reveals Who Is The Authentic Chairman Of Imo APC {{!}} INNONEWS.COM.NG|url=https://innonews.com.ng/2020/09/inec-reveals-who-is-the-authentic-chairman-of-imo-apc/|accessdate=2023-06-10|language=en-US}}</ref> mechara sonye na APC ma na Septemba 1, 2020, INEC mere mkpebi ya, a makwaara ya dị ka onye ndú a họpụtara nke Kọmitii Nlekọta nke Kọmiti Ọrụ Mba nke APC guzobere iji lekọta ihe omume nke Isi nke Imo Steeti nke pati ahụ ka a na-echere ịme mgbakọ ọhụrụ na Imo Steeti <ref>{{Cite web|author=Kane|first=Dane|date=2020-09-07|title=INEC recognizes Marcelinus Nlemigbo as duly chairman of APC in Imo » Newzandar News|url=https://newzandar.com/news/inec-recognizes-marcelinus-nlemigbo-as-duly-chairman-of-apc-in-imo/|accessdate=2023-06-10|work=Newzandar News|language=en-US|archivedate=2021-03-08|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210308093816/https://newzandar.com/news/inec-recognizes-marcelinus-nlemigbo-as-duly-chairman-of-apc-in-imo/}}</ref> Ọ kwadoro na a ga-ebugharị onye isi ala na ndịda ọwụwa anyanwụ Naịjirịa, mmepe nke o kwenyere na ọ ga-eme ka ịdị n'otu na iguzosi ike n'ezi ihe nke mba dịkwuo mma. A maara ya dị ka onye isi oche nke pati steeti kachasị ogologo oge na Naịjirịa. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Nigeria|first=Online|date=2022-01-15|title=BREAKING: Gunmen Attack Imo Police Division, Kill Inspector|url=https://onlinenigeria.com/stories/240565-breaking-gunmen-attack-imo-police-division-kill-inspector.html|accessdate=2023-06-10|work=OnlineNigeria.com|language=en-US|archivedate=2023-06-10|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230610151657/https://onlinenigeria.com/stories/240565-breaking-gunmen-attack-imo-police-division-kill-inspector.html}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=Staff|first=Daily Post|date=2016-10-11|title=Gunmen kill Police Inspector in Imo|url=https://dailypost.ng/2016/10/11/gunmen-kill-police-inspector-imo/|accessdate=2023-06-10|work=Daily Post Nigeria|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|author=Guardian|first=The|date=2016-10-11|title=Suspected assassins kill police inspector|url=https://guardian.ng/news/suspected-assassins-kill-police-inspector/|accessdate=2023-06-10|work=The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News|language=en-US|archivedate=2023-06-10|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230610150157/https://guardian.ng/news/suspected-assassins-kill-police-inspector/}}</ref> dị, n'afọ 2016, e gburu onye nyocha ndị uwe ojii ya na Umudagu, Mberi na [[Mbaitoli]] LGA nke Imo steeti, ihe omume ahụ kpatara ọtụtụ esemokwu. [1] [2] [3] <ref>{{Cite web|date=2023-01-16|title=2023 elections: Former IPAC chairman urges level playing ground Tunji Adedeji on January 16, 2023 at 5:44 pm - NUMBAT|url=https://numbat.ng/2023/01/16/2023-elections-former-ipac-chairman-urges-level-playing-ground-tunji-adedeji-on-january-16-2023-at-544-pm/|accessdate=2023-06-10|language=en-US|archivedate=2023-06-10|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230610150210/https://numbat.ng/2023/01/16/2023-elections-former-ipac-chairman-urges-level-playing-ground-tunji-adedeji-on-january-16-2023-at-544-pm/}}</ref>'oge ntuli aka nke 2023 na Naijiria, ọ gbara INEC ume, ndị otu ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị niile nke Naijiria na ndị na-eme ntụli aka ume ka ha jikọta ọnụ maka ntuli aka dị mma nke ga-agba ume ka ntuli aka ahụ nwee nnwere onwe, nke a pụrụ ịtụkwasị obi na nke ziri ezi. == Arụmụka == N'afọ 2019, a kwụsịtụrụ ya n'ihi ebubo a na-ekwu na ọ na-etinye aka n'ihe omume ndị na-emegide òtù. N'ikwu okwu na Nzukọ Ndị nta akụkọ na Owerri, Onye isi oche nke APC na Steeti ahụ, Daniel Nwafor nyochara ozi ahụ na ndị nta akụkọ. Nwafor kwuru <ref>{{Cite web|author=TVCN|date=2019-01-17|title=Imo APC: NWC leader, Nlemigbo, suspended over anti-party activities - Nigeria News|url=https://www.tvcnews.tv/2019/01/imo-apc-nwc-leader-nlemigbo-suspended-over-anti-party-activities/,%20https://www.tvcnews.tv/2019/01/imo-apc-nwc-leader-nlemigbo-suspended-over-anti-party-activities/|accessdate=2023-06-18|language=en-US}}</ref> Nlemigbo anọghị na-aga nzukọ nke pati ahụ na mpaghara Ezinihittee ya na Mbaitolu Local Government Area nke steeti ahụ n'otu afọ gara aga, nke mere na ọ kpọrọ Onye isi oche mba nke pati ahụ Adams Oshimole ka ọ kwụsị Nlemigbe. Otú ọ dị, na Septemba 1, 2020, INEC, na Onye isi oche mba, Kọmitii Nlekọta nke APC nabatara ya dị ka onye ndú a họpụtara nke Kọmitii Na-ahụ Maka Nlekọta nke Kọmiti Nlekọta nke Mba nke APC guzobere iji lekọta ihe omume nke Isi nke Imo State nke pati ahụ ka a na-echere ịme mgbakọ ọhụrụ na Imo State. == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * https://apc.com.ng/ * https://web.archive.org/web/20231104142336/https://imostate.gov.ng/ [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Ndị Igbo]] o09rwwqg9jevtu7qihg0jm74x8hb1at 0 33513 644207 539862 2026-05-30T19:34:43Z Wikipedian12512(alt) 61413 ce 644207 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Abdul Ganiyu Ambali''' (amụrụ na 29 Nọvemba 1957) bụ onye nkuzi Naijiria, onye nchịkwa na onye bụbu osote chancellor nke Mahadum Ilorin . <ref>{{Cite news|title=Prof. Abdulganiyu Ambali pagesepsitename%%|url=https://www.channelstv.com/tag/prof-abdulganiyu-ambali/|accessdate=12 August 2017|work=Channels Television}}</ref> bụkwa onye isi oche nke Association <ref>{{Cite web|title=Abdulganiyu Ambali – Google Scholar Citations|url=https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=xJ-QUz4AAAAJ&hl=en|work=scholar.google.com|accessdate=12 August 2017}}</ref> West African Universities (AWAU), na onye natara otu n'ime nsọpụrụ kachasị elu nke Naịjirịa, CON.<ref>{{Cite web|title=The Vice-Chancellor|url=https://www.unilorin.edu.ng/index.php/the-vice-chancellor|work=www.unilorin.edu.ng|accessdate=14 May 2017|language=en-gb}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Tribute to Prof. AbdulGaniyu Ambali, an uncommon leader @ 59. By Kunle Akogun {{!}} #Ilorin, #Kwara News {{!}} @IlorinInfo|url=http://www.ilorin.info/fullnews.php?id=19411|work=www.ilorin.info|accessdate=14 May 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.linkedin.com/in/prof-ambali-15782240/?ppe=1|title=LinkedIn|author=|first=|date=|work=|archiveurl=|archivedate=|accessdate=12 August 2017}}</ref> == Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ == A mụrụ Abdul Ganiyu Ambali na Ilorin, Kwara State n'ezinụlọ Mall. Ambali Gidado na Oriakụ Husseina Angulu. Ambali gụrụ akwụkwọ praịmarị na Pakata Primary School, Ilorin, ọ gara McBride Secondary School Jalingo, (nke bụzi Government Secondary School, Jalingo) na Taraba State, Nigeria.E nyere Abdul agụmakwụkwọ site n'aka gọọmentị Borno Steeti iji nweta akara ugo mmụta na ọgwụ anụmanụ na [[Mahadum nke Ahmadu Bello|Mahadum Ahmadu Bello]] nke ọ gụsịrị na 1981. O nwere nzere masta na nzere doctorate na Mahadum Liverpool, United Kingdom.Ambali ghọrọ onye otu College of Veterinary Surgeons of Nigeria, (MCVSN) na 2004 na Fellow of College of Veterinaary Surgeones of Nigeria (FCVSN). <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.iau-aiu.net/Abdul-Ganiyu-AMBALI|title=Abdul Ganiyu AMBALI – IAU|work=www.iau-aiu.net|accessdate=2019-04-17|archivedate=2019-04-17|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190417140827/https://www.iau-aiu.net/Abdul-Ganiyu-AMBALI}}</ref> == Ọrụ == Abdul Ganiyu malitere ọrụ ya dị ka onye enyemaka na Mahadum Maiduguri ozugbo ọ rụchara ọrụ mba ebe ọ rụrụ ọrụ na Ministry of Rural & Community Development, Kano na 1982. Ambali ghọrọ Prọfesọ n'afọ 1995. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye otu National Universities Commission (NUC), Veterinary Council of Nigeria (VCN), Department of Livestock Services of the Federal Livestock Department, Federal Ministry of Agriculture, na-enyocha ikikere nke ọtụtụ ụlọ ọrụ, ụlọ ọrụ na ụlọ ọrụ.Dị ka osote chancellor nke Mahadum nke Ilorin, o kwuru na "ihe mgbaru ọsọ ya maka mahadum ahụ bụ ka ọ bụrụ otu egwuregwu na Africa". <ref>{{Cite news|title=Our target is to become Africa's best varsity – UNILORIN VC -|url=http://www.theeagleonline.com.ng/our-target-is-to-become-africas-best-varsity-unilorin-vc/|accessdate=14 May 2017|work=www.theeagleonline.com.ng}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=Vice-Chancellor, University of Ilorin, Prof. AbdulGaniyu Ambali|url=http://akahitutors.org/entries/unilorin-2/vice-chancellor-university-of-ilorin-prof-abdulganiyu-ambali|work=akahitutors.org|accessdate=12 August 2017}}</ref> == Ọrụ mba == Ambali jere ozi dị ka onye ọrụ nchịkọta maka ntuli aka onye isi ala nke 2015 na Naịjirịa na onye ọrụ na-alaghachi maka ntuliaka Gọvanọ maka steeti Niger. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pulse.ng/communities/student/global-performers-standard-of-education-is-not-falling-in-nigeria-prof-ambali/69tb718|title=Standard of education is not falling in Nigeria — Prof Ambali|date=27 July 2015|work=www.pulse.ng|language=en-US|accessdate=2019-04-18|archivedate=2019-04-18|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190418124416/https://www.pulse.ng/communities/student/global-performers-standard-of-education-is-not-falling-in-nigeria-prof-ambali/69tb718}}</ref> == Nsọpụrụ na onyinye == Ambali bụ onye natara ọtụtụ onyinye ụfọdụ n'ime ha gụnyere * Ihe nrite Veterinarian, 2013, site na Nigerian Veterinary Medical Association (NVMA) * '''Onye otu sayensị nke Naịjirịa (SAN) ''' * '''Onye otu Institute of Corporate Administration of Nigeria''' * '''Onye otu Solar Energy Society nke Naịjirịa''' * <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://blerf.org/index.php/biography/ambali-professor-abdul-ganiyu/|title=National Merit Award|author=Admin|date=17 April 2019|work=Biography Legacy and Research Foundation}}</ref>'''National Merit Award of Officer of the Order of the Niger (OON) ''' site na Gọọmentị Federal nke Naijiria. == Arụmụka == Legit kọrọ na House of Representatives Standing Committee on Tertiary Education and Services chụpụrụ ya mgbe ọ na-akọwaghị ego e kenyere maka ọtụtụ ọrụ na 2015. Kọmitii ahụ jụrụ ileba anya na mmefu ego nke mahadum nke afọ 2016 na-ekwu na nke afọ 2015 jupụtara na esemokwu. E hotara otu onye otu kọmitii ahụ Hon. Kehinde Odeneye ka ọ na-ekwu "Ụbọchị ole ka a nọrọ na họtel na ndị bụ ndị ọbịa ị kwadoro? Mgbe ahụ, nde N100 ọzọ maka enyemaka maka ngalaba ọhụrụ n'agwaghị anyị n'ezie ole ha dị na ihe ndị dị mkpa maka ọpụpụ. Ọzọkwa, nde N50 na ụlọ ọrụ na nzukọ ọmụmụ ihe. A na-enweta nke a na-enweghị nkọwa zuru ezu. " Mgbe ahụ, a na-arụzi ụlọ nke na-enweghịkwa nkọwa. == Ndụ onwe onye == Ambali lụrụ di ma nwee ụmụ, ihe ntụrụndụ ya bụ ịgba bọọlụ, ikiri ihe nkiri anụ ọhịa na ige egwu. == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi dị ndụ]] {{DEFAULTSORT:Ambali,Abdul Ganiyu}} p7i0dnj0ztt0b6kk9wyh0yoi2wy3ndm 0 33515 644088 137526 2026-05-30T15:40:34Z Neme244 16387 added DEFAULTSORT 644088 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}   '''Emmanuel Addow-Obeng''' bụ onye agụmakwụkwọ Ghana, onye nchịkwa na onye ụkọchukwu. Ọ bụ osote chancellor nke Mahadum Cape Coast ma jee ozi dị ka osote chancelor nke Machịum Central nke Ghana. <ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-01-16|title=NMC inaugurates 10-member GBC Board of Directors|url=https://www.ghanaiantimes.com.gh/nmc-inaugurates-10-member-gbc-board-of-directors/|accessdate=2021-02-20|work=Ghanaian Times|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Prof Addow Obeng proposes home grown investment to develop C/Region|url=https://www.modernghana.com/news/162570/prof-addow-obeng-proposes-home-grown-investment.html|accessdate=2021-02-20|work=Modern Ghana|language=en}}</ref><ref name="ghanaweb">{{Cite web|url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/Kwesi-Yankah-nominated-Minister-of-State-in-charge-of-Tertiary-Education-519025|title=Kwesi Yankah nominated Minister of State in charge of Tertiary Education|date=15 March 2017|accessdate=13 November 2017}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/regional/Prof-Yankah-Heads-Central-University-245244|title=Prof. Yankah Heads Central University|work=ghanaweb.com}}</ref> bụ onye isi oche nke Presbyterian University College ugbu a. == Ndụ agụmakwụkwọ na ọrụ == Addow-Obeng nwetara nzere Doctor of Philosophy na Mahadum Aberdeen n'afọ 1981. Ọ laghachiri na [[University of cape coast|Mahadum nke Cape Coast]] iji nweta nhọpụta dị ka onye nkuzi dị elu. Mgbe naanị otu afọ gachara na mahadum ahụ, ọ kwagara [[Mahadum nke Ilorin]], [[Naijiria|Naịjirịa]] ebe ọ kụziri ihe ruo n'afọ 1990. Ọ kwagara na Mahadum Moi, Eldoret, [[Kenya]] n'otu afọ ahụ ma bulie ya n'ọkwa prọfesọ zuru oke na New Testament Studies and Theology na 1996. Mgbe ọ rụchara ọrụ ọtụtụ afọ na mpụga Ghana, ọ laghachiri na 1997 na Mahadum Cape Coast iji duzie Ngalaba Okpukpe. A họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ osote onye isi nke Mahadum Cape Coast n'afọ 2001. O nwere ezumike nká na Mahadum Central site na 2008 ruo 2010. Ntọhapụ ahụ kwuru na Prọfesọ Addow-Obeng kụzikwaara na Central University College, Miotso, Ghana, ebe ọ nọrọ ezumike ya na 2008-2010. N'afọ 1997, o si [[Kenya]] lọta ịkụzi na Mahadum Cape Coast .   <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2018)">citation needed</span>]]''&#x5D;</sup> O nwere afọ iri atọ na atọ (33) ahụmahụ na mahadum ma bụrụ onye ozi a họpụtara ahọpụta nke Presbyterian Church of Ghana. <ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-11-11|title=Rev. Prof. Emmanuel Adow Obeng {{!}} Presbyterian University College, Ghana|url=https://www.presbyuniversity.edu.gh/site/rev-prof-emmanuel-adow-obeng-3/|accessdate=2022-08-04|language=en-US}}</ref> lụrụ di ma nwee ụmụ nwoke abụọ. == Akwụkwọ ndị e bipụtara == Addow-Obeng ebipụtala ọtụtụ akwụkwọ <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.newsghana.com.gh/prof-yankah-heads-central-university/|title=Prof. Yankah Heads Central University|author=Africa|first=Daily Guide|date=2012-07-19|work=News Ghana|language=en-US|accessdate=2019-01-22}}</ref> isiokwu n'ọtụtụ akwụkwọ akụkọ mba na nke mba ụwa yana ije ozi na ọtụtụ National na International Boards na kọmitii. O deela isiakwụkwọ n'akwụkwọ nakwa akwụkwọ edepụtara edepụtara edepụta. == Onyinye == * Bruce na Fraser Award nke Mahadum Aberdeen <ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-11-11|title=Rev. Prof. Emmanuel Adow Obeng {{!}} Presbyterian University College, Ghana|url=https://www.presbyuniversity.edu.gh/site/rev-prof-emmanuel-adow-obeng-3/|accessdate=2022-08-04|language=en-US}}</ref> * Usoro nke Volta nke Republic <ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-11-11|title=Rev. Prof. Emmanuel Adow Obeng {{!}} Presbyterian University College, Ghana|url=https://www.presbyuniversity.edu.gh/site/rev-prof-emmanuel-adow-obeng-3/|accessdate=2022-08-05|language=en-US}}</ref> Ghana [1] * Degree nsọpụrụ nke Doctor <ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-11-11|title=Rev. Prof. Emmanuel Adow Obeng {{!}} Presbyterian University College, Ghana|url=https://www.presbyuniversity.edu.gh/site/rev-prof-emmanuel-adow-obeng-3/|accessdate=2022-08-05|language=en-US}}</ref> Letters, Mahadum nke Cape Coast [1] * Ndị dọkịta Honoris <ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-11-11|title=Rev. Prof. Emmanuel Adow Obeng {{!}} Presbyterian University College, Ghana|url=https://www.presbyuniversity.edu.gh/site/rev-prof-emmanuel-adow-obeng-3/|accessdate=2022-08-05|language=en-US}}</ref> Mahadum Aberdeen (UK) [1] == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Addow-Obeng, Emmanuel}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] cjvn4qk3pk6wggr8i7m6306is3mrsts 0 33672 644087 148688 2026-05-30T15:38:03Z Neme244 16387 added DEFAULTSORT 644087 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}   <ref name="Katsina State Government 2016">{{Cite web|title=Government|work=Katsina State Government|date=2016-03-14|url=https://katsinastate.gov.ng/government/|accessdate=2023-06-11|archivedate=2023-06-11|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230611192243/https://katsinastate.gov.ng/government/}}</ref>'''Emmanuel A. Acholonu''' bụ Commodore lara ezumike nká na Ndị agha mmiri [[Naijiria|Naịjirịa]] na onye bụbu onye nchịkwa nke Katsina State na Naijiria site na Disemba 1993 ruo Ọgọst 1996 n'oge ọchịchị ndị agha nke General [[Sani Abacha]] . <ref name="wstate">{{Cite web|url=http://www.worldstatesmen.org/Nigeria_federal_states.htm|title=Nigerian States|publisher=WorldStatesmen|accessdate=2010-05-29}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://nigerianafcsc.org/CIs_DS/Maritime_Directing_Staff.htm|title=LIST OF DIRECTING STAFF|publisher=Armed Forces Command and Staff College (AFCSC) Jaji, Nigeria|accessdate=2010-05-29|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110727123613/http://nigerianafcsc.org/CIs_DS/Maritime_Directing_Staff.htm|archivedate=2011-07-27}}</ref>, Commander, Acholonu bụ Directing Staff Junior Division Navy na Armed Forces Command and Staff College, Jaji site na August 1986 - May 1988.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Nigeria: a viable black power : resources, potentials & challenges|author=Law C. Fejokwu|publisher=Polcom Press|year=1996|isbn=978-31594-1-0}}</ref> họpụtara ya dịka gọvanọ nke Katsina State na Disemba 1993 mgbe nnupụisi nke butere General Sani Abacha n'ọchịchị, Group Captain Acholonu kọwara mmelite na mmiri na agụmakwụkwọ dị ka ebumnuche ya bụ isi.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Women and work in northern Nigeria: transcending boundaries|author=Renée Ilene Pittin|publisher=Palgrave Macmillan|year=2002|isbn=0-333-98456-0}}</ref>'afọ 1996, o kwuru na iwu na-akwadoghị iwepụ ụmụ agbọghọ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ ga-eme n'oge na-adịghị anya.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.africa.upenn.edu/Newsletters/irinw298.html|title=IRIN-WA Update 298 of Events in West Africa, (Friday)|date=18 September 1998|publisher=[[The New Humanitarian|IRIN]]|accessdate=2010-05-29}}</ref> Septemba 1998, General [[Abdulsalami Abubakar]] họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ onye otu ndị agha Provisional Ruling Council. [1]Mgbe <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://groups.yahoo.com/group/AlukoArchives/message/25|work=NIGERIAN DEMOCRATIC MOVEMENT (NDM)|title=OBASANJO HIRES & FIRES|date=July 1, 1999|accessdate=2010-05-29}}</ref> laghachiri na ọchịchị onye kwuo uche ya na 1999, achọrọ ka Acholonu laa ezumike nká, dị ka ndị ọzọ niile bụbu ndị nchịkwa agha. == Ihe odide == {{Reflist|2}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Acholonu, Emmanuel}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 15sv69y2j8cewy29p2ofak9e4i3bkyj 0 33681 644130 538424 2026-05-30T17:25:30Z Mirah50 16972 Fixed reference errors 644130 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Bahadur Tejani''' (amụrụ n'afọ 1942) bụ onye Kenya na-ede uri, onye na-ede akwụkwọ akụkọ, onye na'ede egwuregwu na onye na-enyocha akwụkwọ. Tejani nwa nke nne na nna Gujarati. gụrụ akwụkwọ na Mahadum Makerere na Uganda na nkà ihe ọmụma na Mahadum Cambridge na England, tupu ọ nweta PhD na akwụkwọ na Machịum Nairobi, ebe o nwekwara ahụmịhe dị ka onye nkuzi. mechara kụzie na Mahadum Sokoto na Naịjirịa . [1] E bipụtara akwụkwọ akụkọ mbụ ya, Day After Tomorrow, na 1971; nke a bụ akwụkwọ akụkọ mbụ nke onye India si n'Ebe Ọwụwa Anyanwụ Afrịka dere. na-enyocha echiche nke ọdịbendị postcolonial site na ahụmịhe nke Samsher, onye India lụrụ onye Africa. Tejani ebipụtala nchịkọta nke uri banyere India, nke akpọrọ The Rape of Literature and Other Poems (1989). Ọrụ ya apụtawokwa na anthologies dị ka Poems from East Africa (1971) na Poems of Black Africa (1975). Ọrụ Tejani emetụtala ndị edemede Africa ndị ọzọ, dị ka MG Vassanji na Peter Nazareth . == Edensịbia == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == E bipụtara akwụkwọ akụkọ mbụ ya, Day After Tomorrow, na 1971; nke a bụ akwụkwọ akụkọ mbụ nke onye India si n'Ebe Ọwụwa Anyanwụ Afrịka dere. na-enyocha echiche nke ọdịbendị postcolonial site na ahụmịhe nke Samsher, onye India lụrụ onye Africa * [https://findingaids.library.columbia.edu/ead/nnc-rb/ldpd_4078549 Ịchọta enyemaka maka akwụkwọ Bahadur Tejani na Mahadum Columbia. Rare Book & Manuscript Library.] {{DEFAULTSORT:Tejani, Bahadur}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] k50jl371k1nnns6k1agrdd05yw8ht6d 0 33696 644194 142125 2026-05-30T19:28:50Z Wikipedian12512(alt) 61413 There are many problems, but I'm moving refs. 644194 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}   '''Clasina (Ina) Isings''' (15 Febụwarị 1919 - 3 Septemba 2018) bụ onye Dutch na-amụ banyere ihe mgbe ochie na onye ọkà mmụta oge ochie na-ahụ maka iko Rom.<ref name="JGS">{{Cite journal|author=Stern, E Marianne|title=Clasina Isings (1919-2018)|journal=Journal of Glass Studies|volume=61|date=2019|pages=298–299}}</ref> [[Category:Articles with hCards]] 'afọ 2009, obodo Utrecht nyere ya ihe nrite ọlaọcha iji kwado ọrụ ọ rụrụ iji nyere aka chekwaa akụkọ ihe mere eme nke obodo ahụ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.rtvutrecht.nl/nieuws/217118/?fb=true|title=Stadspenning voor professor Ina Isings|work=RTV Utrecht|accessdate=2020-04-05}}</ref> == Akwụkwọ ndị ọzọ == * [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Igwe ndị Rom sitere na nchọpụta oge (Archaeologica traiectina, 2). Groningen * [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] ''Ụfọdụ iberibe ugegbe ndị Rom si na Rom''. New York, Gordon na Breach. * [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Roman Glass na Limburg. Groningen, Wolters-Noordhoff Publishing. * [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] ''Voorromeins na Romens glas na het Gemeentelijk Oudheidkundig Museum te Heerlen''. Heerlen, Gemeentelijk Oudheidkundig Museum. * Zandstra, M., Polak, M., na Isings, C. na ndị ọzọ 2012. ''Site na Romeinse Westkingen na Vechten-Fectio: het archeologisch Post na 1946-1947''. Nijmegen, Auxilia == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}} fi1ctmfvhzg73a85wnftyripq5m53th 0 33741 644368 141539 2026-05-30T22:10:01Z Sayvhior 13464 Fixed reference errors 644368 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Category:Articles with hCards]] <ref name="Salon" /><ref>"Vera Evison (1918-2018)", Catherine Hills & Leslie Webster, ''[[Archaeology International]]'', No. 21 (2018), pp. 14–15.</ref><ref name="Guard">{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/science/2018/may/31/vera-evison-obituary|title=Vera Evison obituary|first=Catherine|author=Hills|work=The Guardian|date=May 31, 2018}}</ref>'''Vera Ivy Evison''' FSA (23 Jenụwarị 1918 - 18 Machị 2018) bụ onye Britain na-amụ banyere ihe mgbe ochie na prọfesọ nke ihe mgbe ochie. Ọ bụ ọkachamara na Post-Roman Britain na mmalite oge ochie EnglandEngland oge ochie == Ọrụ == Ọ sonyeere Birkbeck dị ka onye nkuzi nwa oge na 1947, na-arịgo ka ọ bụrụ prọfesọ na 1979 wee laa ezumike nká na 1983. <ref name="Guard">{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/science/2018/may/31/vera-evison-obituary|title=Vera Evison obituary|first=Catherine|author=Hills|work=The Guardian|date=May 31, 2018}}</ref> Evison rụkwara ọrụ maka Ancient Monuments Inpsectorate (maka Ministry of Works) na-egwu ala tupu mbibi ha. Site na nke a, o wetara ili ozu Anglo-Saxon isii ka e bipụta ya: Buckland (Dover); Great Chesterford (Essex); Holborough Hill (Kent); abụọ na Beckford (Herefordshire); na Alton (Hampshire). <ref name="Salon">{{Cite journal|title=Fellows Remembered:Vera Evison FSA|date=10 April 2018|journal=Salon: The Online Newsletter of the Society of Antiquaries of London|issue=404|url=https://us6.campaign-archive.com/?u=5557bc147d34993782f185bde&id=b25e16cefd#mctoc7}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://us6.campaign-archive.com/?u=5557bc147d34993782f185bde&id=b25e16cefd#mctoc7 "Fellows Remembered:Vera Evison FSA"]. </cite></ref> <ref name="Salon">{{Cite journal|title=Fellows Remembered:Vera Evison FSA|date=10 April 2018|journal=Salon: The Online Newsletter of the Society of Antiquaries of London|issue=404|url=https://us6.campaign-archive.com/?u=5557bc147d34993782f185bde&id=b25e16cefd#mctoc7}}</ref> họpụtara ya dị ka Fellow nke Society of Antiquaries nke London na Mee 1955. == Akwụkwọ ndị ọzọ == * 1957. "A group of late Saxon brooches", The Antiquaries Journal 37 (3-4). 220–222. * 1963. "Ndị isi ọta shuga", The Antiquaries Journal 43 (1). 38–69. * 1966. "Ugwu Ọla Nche si na Villa Roman na Lullingstone, Kent", The Antiquaries Journal 46 (1). 85–87. * 1979. ''Ihe ndị e ji kpụọ n'ili ndị Anglo-Saxon'' * 1996. (ya na Hill, P.). ''Ebe ili ozu abụọ nke Anglo-Saxon na Beckford, Hereford na Worcester'' CBA Research Reports 103. * 2008. ''Ndepụta nke Anglo-Saxon Glass na British Museum'' == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}} == Ịgụ ihe ọzọ ==   == Njikọ mpụga == * [https://archaeologydataservice.ac.uk/library/browse/personDetails.xhtml?personId=9610 Ọ́bá Akwụkwọ] site na Archaeology Data ServiceỌrụ Ihe E Mere Eme Ihe Mgbe Ochie * [https://www.editions-mergoil.com/en/europe-medievale/1-europe-medievale-9782355180606.html Ihe akaebe nke ọdịbendị ihe onwunwe: Nnyocha iji sọpụrụ Prọfesọ Vera Evison - Editions Mergoil] np0461cc9xqla46h4pjisq67805rtwo 644370 644368 2026-05-30T22:10:50Z Sayvhior 13464 /* Ọrụ */ 644370 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Category:Articles with hCards]] <ref name="Salon" /><ref>"Vera Evison (1918-2018)", Catherine Hills & Leslie Webster, ''[[Archaeology International]]'', No. 21 (2018), pp. 14–15.</ref><ref name="Guard">{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/science/2018/may/31/vera-evison-obituary|title=Vera Evison obituary|first=Catherine|author=Hills|work=The Guardian|date=May 31, 2018}}</ref>'''Vera Ivy Evison''' FSA (23 Jenụwarị 1918 - 18 Machị 2018) bụ onye Britain na-amụ banyere ihe mgbe ochie na prọfesọ nke ihe mgbe ochie. Ọ bụ ọkachamara na Post-Roman Britain na mmalite oge ochie EnglandEngland oge ochie == Ọrụ == Ọ sonyeere Birkbeck dị ka onye nkuzi nwa oge na 1947, na-arịgo ka ọ bụrụ prọfesọ na 1979 wee laa ezumike nká na 1983. <ref name="Guard">{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/science/2018/may/31/vera-evison-obituary|title=Vera Evison obituary|first=Catherine|author=Hills|work=The Guardian|date=May 31, 2018}}</ref> Evison rụkwara ọrụ maka Ancient Monuments Inpsectorate (maka Ministry of Works) na-egwu ala tupu mbibi ha. Site na nke a, o wetara ili ozu Anglo-Saxon isii ka e bipụta ya: Buckland (Dover); Great Chesterford (Essex); Holborough Hill (Kent); abụọ na Beckford (Herefordshire); na Alton (Hampshire). <ref name="Salon" /> <ref name="Salon">{{Cite journal|title=Fellows Remembered:Vera Evison FSA|date=10 April 2018|journal=Salon: The Online Newsletter of the Society of Antiquaries of London|issue=404|url=https://us6.campaign-archive.com/?u=5557bc147d34993782f185bde&id=b25e16cefd#mctoc7}}</ref> họpụtara ya dị ka Fellow nke Society of Antiquaries nke London na Mee 1955. == Akwụkwọ ndị ọzọ == * 1957. "A group of late Saxon brooches", The Antiquaries Journal 37 (3-4). 220–222. * 1963. "Ndị isi ọta shuga", The Antiquaries Journal 43 (1). 38–69. * 1966. "Ugwu Ọla Nche si na Villa Roman na Lullingstone, Kent", The Antiquaries Journal 46 (1). 85–87. * 1979. ''Ihe ndị e ji kpụọ n'ili ndị Anglo-Saxon'' * 1996. (ya na Hill, P.). ''Ebe ili ozu abụọ nke Anglo-Saxon na Beckford, Hereford na Worcester'' CBA Research Reports 103. * 2008. ''Ndepụta nke Anglo-Saxon Glass na British Museum'' == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}} == Ịgụ ihe ọzọ ==   == Njikọ mpụga == * [https://archaeologydataservice.ac.uk/library/browse/personDetails.xhtml?personId=9610 Ọ́bá Akwụkwọ] site na Archaeology Data ServiceỌrụ Ihe E Mere Eme Ihe Mgbe Ochie * [https://www.editions-mergoil.com/en/europe-medievale/1-europe-medievale-9782355180606.html Ihe akaebe nke ọdịbendị ihe onwunwe: Nnyocha iji sọpụrụ Prọfesọ Vera Evison - Editions Mergoil] o3xvs7jhmu6k8jaadrqagmrjl0amrsg 0 33746 644431 175080 2026-05-30T23:52:17Z Iwuala chisom 17246 Fixed reference errors 644431 wikitext text/x-wiki <references group="" responsive="0"></references>{{Databox}} '''Susanna K. Elm''' (amụrụ na Nọvemba 11, 1959) bụ onye Germany na-akọ akụkọ ihe mere eme na onye edemede. Ọ bụ Sidney H. Ehrman Prọfesọ nke akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Europe na Ngalaba Akụkọ ihe mere eme na Mahadum California, Berkeley. Ihe nchọpụta <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.classics.berkeley.edu/people/susanna-elm|title=Susanna Elm|author=|first=|date=|work=Berkeley Classics|publisher=|accessdate=January 28, 2017}}</ref> gụnyere akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Alaeze Ukwu Rom, Oge Ochie na mmalite Iso Ụzọ Kraịst. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.classics.berkeley.edu/sites/default/files/faculty/cv/ElmCV2012.pdf|title=Susanna Elm CV|author=|first=|date=|work=Berkeley Classics|publisher=|accessdate=January 29, 2017|archivedate=September 8, 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150908035859/http://www.classics.berkeley.edu/sites/default/files/faculty/cv/ElmCV2012.pdf}}</ref> bụ Onye nchịkọta akụkọ nke akwụkwọ akụkọ Church History and Studies in Late Antiquity ma bụrụkwa onye otu nchịkọta akụkọ maka Classical Antiquity . [1] == Ọrụ == Susanna K. Elm bụ nwa nwanyị nke ọkọ akụkọ ihe mere eme [[:de:Kaspar Elm|Kaspar Elm]]. Ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Gymnasium Leopoldinum na Detmold na 1978. Mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, ọ gụrụ Classical Philology na History na Freie Universität Berlin. N'afọ 1986, ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na St Hilda's College, Oxford, ebe onye na-akọ akụkọ ihe mere eme, John F. Matthews, lekọtara akwụkwọ edemede doctoral ya, The Organisation and Institutions of Female Asceticism in Fourth Century Cappadocia and Egypt. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye nyocha na Morgan Guaranty Trust ruo otu afọ tupu ọ bụrụ osote prọfesọ na Mahadum California, Berkeley na 1989. <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.yumpu.com/en/document/view/7215310/curriculum-vitae-susanna-elm-department-of-history-dwinelle-|title=CURRICULUM VITAE Susanna Elm Department of History, Dwinelle ...|author=Yumpu.com|work=yumpu.com|accessdate=January 23, 2017}}</ref>'afọ 1994, ọ ghọrọ osote prọfesọ ma nwee prọfesor na Berkeley kemgbe afọ 2002. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://newsroom.ucr.edu/1760|title=UCR Newsroom: Antiquity Research Group Honored|work=newsroom.ucr.edu|language=en|accessdate=January 23, 2017}}</ref>'afọ 2007, Elm so n'otu ndị otu nyocha nke Mahadum California nke meriri American Philological Association (APA) Prize for Scholarly Outreach maka ịmepụta ihe ọmụmụ ụlọ akwụkwọ etiti na ọdịda nke Alaeze Ukwu Rom. Akwụkwọ ya gụnyere Virgins of God: The Making of Asceticism in Late Antiquity (Clarendon, 1994/1996); Medical Challenges for the New Millennium: An Interdisciplinary Task (Kluver, 2001), nke ya na Stefan Willich jikọrọ aka dezie; na Sons of Hellenism, Fathers of the Church (Mahadum California, 2012). Ọ natara Rhodes Scholarship yana fellowships site na Guggenheim Foundation (1995), National Endowment for the Humanities, na Wissenschaftskolleg zu Berlin . <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.americanacademy.de/home/person/susanna-elm|title=Susanna Elm {{!}} American Academy in Berlin|work=www.americanacademy.de|language=en|accessdate=January 23, 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170202074454/http://www.americanacademy.de/home/person/susanna-elm|archivedate=February 2, 2017}}</ref> Akwụkwọ Virgins <ref name="Lee">{{citation |jstor=714136 |title=Review: Virgins of God |first=A. D. |last=Lee |journal= The Classical Review |volume=49 |number=2 |year=1999 |pages=451–453 |publisher=Cambridge University Press on behalf of The Classical Association |doi=10.1093/cr/49.2.451}}</ref> God bụ mmepe nke thesis doctoral ya banyere ịta ahụhụ ụmụ nwanyị na mmalite Iso Ụzọ Kraịst. Ụmụ nwanyị ji ịnụ ọkụ n'obi na-achọ omume ọma site n'ịlụ di na nwunye ime mmụọ ma ọ bụ ịghọ ndị na-akwado ozi. Elm kọrọ otú ndị isi okpukpe si gbochie omume ndị dị otú ahụ, na-akatọ ụfọdụ n'ime ha dị ka ndị jụrụ okwukwe. Doug Lee, na-ede na The Classical Review, toro ọrụ ahụ dị ka "nkwupụta na-akpali akpali nke na-ekwu maka mgbagwoju anya nke isi iyi na isiokwu na nkà na mmesi obi ike. ...otu n'ime ọtụtụ ike nke ọmụmụ ahụ bụ iji E mee ihe na-amaghị aha ya dịka akwụkwọ ozi On Virginity (pp. 34-9 331-6) na Athanasius' Letter to the Virgins Who Went to Jerusalem (pp. 331-6). Akwụkwọ ya, Sons of Hellenism, Fathers of the Church ka Bryn Mawr Classical Review kọwara dị ka 'nnyocha a nabatara na nke mmụta banyere mmekọrịta ọgụgụ isi Gregory nke Nazianzus na eze ukwu Julian.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Storin|first=Bradley K.|date=January 23, 2017|title=Review of: Sons of Hellenism, Fathers of the Church: Emperor Julian, Gregory of Nazianzus, and the Vision of Rome. Transformation of the Classical Heritage, 49|url=http://bmcr.brynmawr.edu/2012/2012-12-63.html|journal=Bryn Mawr Classical Review|issn=1055-7660}}</ref> N'afọ 2013, APA nyere ya Charles J. Goodwin Award of Merit maka akwụkwọ ahụ. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.classics.berkeley.edu/about/news/susanna-elm-receives-goodwin-award|title=Susanna Elm Receives Goodwin Award|author=|first=|date=December 9, 2013|work=|publisher=|accessdate=January 28, 2017|archivedate=February 2, 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170202063506/http://www.classics.berkeley.edu/about/news/susanna-elm-receives-goodwin-award}}</ref> N'ajụjụ ọnụ 2016 maka Studies in Late Antiquity, akwụkwọ akụkọ nke ọ na-edezi, ọ kọwara edemede ya na nyocha ya dị ka 'ụzọ jikọtara ọnụ nke jikọtara ihe odide sitere n'aka ndị edemede bụ Ndị Kraịst na ndị na-abụghị Ndị Kraịst na ihe ndekọ na ihe onwunwe.' <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.ucpress.edu/blog/23147/editors-spotlight-meet-susanna-elm-associate-editor-of-studies-in-late-antiquity/|title=Editor's Spotlight: Meet Susanna Elm, associate editor of Studies in Late Antiquity|language=en-US|accessdate=January 23, 2017}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-07-23|title=The British Academy elects 84 new Fellows recognising outstanding achievement in the humanities and social sciences|url=https://www.thebritishacademy.ac.uk/news/the-british-academy-elects-84-new-fellows-recognising-outstanding-achievement-in-the-humanities-and-social-sciences/|accessdate=2022-01-22|work=The British Academy|language=en}}</ref> họpụtara Elm ka ọ bụrụ onye nnọchi anya British Academy na 2021. Elm lụrụ onye ọka iwu Tübingen na ọkachamara n'iwu Europe bụ [[:de:Martin Nettesheim|Martin Nettesheim]] . <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.jura.uni-tuebingen.de/professoren_und_dozenten/nettesheim/biographie|title=Biographie Prof. Dr. Martin Nettesheim|publisher=University of Tuebingen Law School|language=German|accessdate=February 14, 2017|archivedate=February 15, 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170215120344/https://www.jura.uni-tuebingen.de/professoren_und_dozenten/nettesheim/biographie}}</ref> == Akwụkwọ ndị a họọrọ == * 'Nwa agbọghọ nke Chineke': Ime nke ịta ahụhụ na Late Antiquity. 1994. Oxford Classical Monographs. Oxford: Clarendon Press   * ''Ụmụ nke Hellenism, Ndị Nna nke Chọọchị: Emperor Julian, Gregory nke Nazianzus, na Ọhụụ nke Rom''. 2012. Mgbanwe nke Ihe Nketa Ọdịnala. Berkeley: University of California Press   * (Ed. na Stefan N Willich) Quo Vadis Medical Healing: Echiche gara aga na ụzọ ọhụrụ. 2009. Springer   == Ihe odide == {{Reflist|30em}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 8fukrf1pn2yba2zr5rkiy21xjatv1xh 0 33871 644173 140681 2026-05-30T18:14:04Z Chigozirim2005 19722 Fixed reference error 644173 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Shirley Ann Barlow''' bụ onye na-ahụ maka ihe nkiri Classical ma bụrụ otu n'ime ndị guzobere Ngalaba Classics na Mahadum Kent. Otu n'ime ụmụ akwụkwọ mbụ ya bụ onye na-eme ihe ọchị Alan Davies. Ọ bụ onye Honorary Fellow nke University College London. == Ọrụ == Barlow malitere na Mahadum Kent na 1965 dị ka onye nkuzi na Classics. <ref name="SI">{{Cite web|url=https://sigbi.org/canterbury/canterbury-chain-of-office/|title=SI CANTERBURY PRESIDENTS & CHAIN OF OFFICE|publisher=Soroptomist International|accessdate=17 July 2020}}</ref><ref name="UCL">{{Cite web|url=https://www.ucl.ac.uk/srs/governance-and-committees/honorary-degrees/list-honorary-fellows|title=List of Honorary Fellows|publisher=UCL|accessdate=17 July 2020}}</ref> mechara nweta nkwalite ka ọ bụrụ onye nkuzi dị elu ma bụrụ, n'ikpeazụ, onye isi nke ngalaba Classics n'ebe ahụ. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.kent.ac.uk/maps/canterbury/canterbury-campus/building/eliot-college/e-barlow-rm|title=Eliot Shirley Barlow room|publisher=University of Kent|accessdate=17 July 2020}}</ref><ref name="SI" /> bụ Master nke Eliot College, Kent na ụlọ nzukọ ọmụmụ ihe na Eliot College a na-akpọ aha ya. Otu <ref>{{Cite book|author=Davies, Alan|date=2009|title=My favourite people and me: 1978-1988|chapter=1986}}</ref>'ime ụmụ akwụkwọ ya na 1986 bụ onye na-eme ihe ọchị Alan Davies onye kọwara Barlow, n'akwụkwọ ya nke afọ 2009 My favorite people and me: 1978-1988, dị ka onye nkuzi kachasị mma o nwere na Kent ka ọ na-akọwa ya dị ka "onye na-etinye aka, na onye maara ihe na [onye] kpaliri itinye aka na isiokwu ya, ihe nkiri oge ochie". Barlow bụ onye otu Soroptimist International ma rụọ ọrụ dị ka onye isi oche nke alaka Canterbury na 1986-1987. <ref name="SI" />{{Cite web|url=https://sigbi.org/canterbury/canterbury-chain-of-office/|title=SI CANTERBURY PRESIDENTS & CHAIN OF OFFICE|publisher=Soroptomist International|accessdate=17 July 2020}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://sigbi.org/canterbury/canterbury-chain-of-office/ "SI CANTERBURY PRESIDENTS & CHAIN OF OFFICE"]. Soroptomist International<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 July</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> <ref name="UCL" />nyere ya Honorary Fellowship na Mahadum College London na 1988. [1] == Akwụkwọ ndị a họọrọ == * [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] ''Ihe oyiyi nke Euripides''. London * [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] "Sophocles' Ajax na Euripides' Heracles", ''Ramus'' 10 (2), 112-128. * [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] "Structure and Dramatic Realism in Euripides' Heracles", Greece & Rome" 29 (2) 115-125. ''Gris na Rom" 29 (2) 115-125. '' * [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] ''Euripides Ụmụ nwanyị Trojan''. Warminster, Aris & Phillips. * [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] "Stereotype and Reversal in Euripides' Medea", Greece & Rome 36 (2), 158-171. * [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] ''Euripides: Heracles''. Warminster, Aris & Phillips. == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] cla3cya7cofrwlld25z7dtddok0jg8b 0 33898 644484 140180 2026-05-31T05:41:28Z King ChristLike 13051 added {{DEFAULTSORT}} 644484 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|name=Ezekiel Femi Adebiyi|image=|caption=|office1=Professor of [[Computer Science]] at [[Covenant University]]|term_start1=2010|term_end1=present|successor1=|office2=|term_start2=|term_end2=|predecessor2=|office3=|term_start3=|term_end3=|predecessor3=|successor2=|birth_date={{birth date and age|df=yes|1970|07|28}}|birth_place=[[Ibadan]], [[Oyo State]]|alma_mater=[[Ahmadu Bello University]]<br/>[[University of Ilorin]]<br/>[[University of Tübingen]]|death_place=|residence=[[Canaanland]], [[Ogun State]]}}{{Databox}} '''Ezekiel Adebiyi''' bụ prọfesọ na-ahụ maka bioinformatics na onye sayensị na-eme nchọpụta na Naijiria. A họpụtara ya dịka onye isi oche nke Nigerian Society of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology. A họpụtakwara ya dika osote onye isi oche nke African Society for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://nationalmirroronline.net/new/covenant-university-10-a-prophesy-fulfilled/|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140812205337/http://nationalmirroronline.net/new/covenant-university-10-a-prophesy-fulfilled/|archivedate=August 12, 2014|title=COVENANT UNIVERSITY @ 10 : A prophesy fulfilled|publisher=nationalmirroronline.net|accessdate=11 August 2014}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/201210251101.html|title=Africa: We Aim to Eradicate Malaria in Africa - Ezekiel Adebiyi|publisher=allafrica.com|accessdate=11 August 2014}}</ref>'afọ 2010, e mere ya prọfesọ na Mahadum Covenant, na-aghọ prọfesụ bioinformatics mbụ na West Africa. == Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ == A mụrụ Adebiyi na 28 Julaị 1970 na [[Ibadan]], Naịjirịa, ọ bụ ezie na ọ bụ nwa amaala Boluwaduro nke Osun Steeti. O nwere ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị ya na United Community Secondary School, [[Ilorin]]. N'agbata afọ 1987 na afọ 1991, ọ gụrụ mgbakọ na mwepụ na [[Mahadum nke Ilorin]] na-agụsị akwụkwọ dị ka nwa akwụkwọ kacha mma. <ref name="Nigerian Finder 2018">{{Cite web|title=University of Ilorin Notable Alumni|work=Nigerian Finder|date=2018-03-08|url=https://nigerianfinder.com/university-of-ilorin-notable-alumni/|accessdate=2023-06-01}}</ref> Ọ gụchara nzere masta ya n'otu ụlọ ọrụ ahụ n'afọ 1995. Thesis doctorate <ref name="cv">{{Cite web|url=http://covenantuniversity.edu.ng/content/download/3316/25534/file/CV-Adebiyi-ef-current-130416.pdf|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180919132257/https://covenantuniversity.edu.ng/content/download/3316/25534/file/CV-Adebiyi-ef-current-130416.pdf|date=n.d.|archivedate=19 September 2018|title=Curriculum Vitae - Ezekiel Adebiyi|work=Covenant University (Nigeria)|accessdate=5 November 2023}}</ref> bụ na Pattern Discovery in Biology and Strings Sorting: Theory and Experimentation, nke o mechiri na 2002 na Mahadum nke Tübingen . [1] == Ọrụ agụmakwụkwọ na mmasị nyocha == Adebiyi malitere ọrụ nkuzi ya ozugbo ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Mahadum Ilorin. N'afọ 2003, ọ hapụrụ ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ ka ọ bụrụ onye ọkà mmụta sayensị na-eleta ọtụtụ ebe nyocha gụnyere San Diego Supercomputer Center, Mahadum Montpellier na German Cancer Research Center. Ọ gara n'ihu na nyocha tupu ọ banye na ngalaba sayensị kọmputa nke Mahadum Covenant na 2008. <ref name="cv"/> họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ prọfesọ n'afọ 2010. N'etiti 2007 na 2011, Adebiyi bụ osote onye isi oche nke African Society for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology. Mgbe ọ gachara, ọ ghọrọ odeakwụkwọ nke ndị ọkachamara, na onye isi oche nke Nigeria Society of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology (NISBCB). <ref>{{Cite news|title=We aim to eradicate malaria in Africa - Ezekiel Adebiyi|author=Orakpo|first=Ebele|work=Vanguard News|date=25 October 2012|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2012/10/we-aim-to-eradicate-malaria-in-africa-ezekiel-adebiyi/}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|title=Covenant varsity don discovers way to eradicate malaria|author=Edukugho|first=Emmanuel|work=Vanguard News|date=7 April 2011|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2011/04/covenant-varsity-don-discovers-way-to-eradicate-malaria/}}</ref> rụrụ ọrụ n'iwepụ ịba na Naịjirịa. == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20140812204300/http://covenantuniversity.edu.ng/Profiles/Adebiyi-Ezekiel Ezikiel Adebiyi profaịlụ] E debere ya Wayback Machine na Mahadum ọgbụgba ndụ {{DEFAULTSORT:Adebiyi, Ezekiel}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] qss8ssx0hglr7gn6jgnrtar2be21qam 0 33907 644289 148272 2026-05-30T20:23:33Z Wikipedian12512(alt) 61413 ce 644289 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Prọfesọ '''Nuhu George Obaje''' (amụrụ na 15 Disemba 1961) bụ prọfesọ na onye nduzi na Centre for Applied Sciences and Technology Research (CASTER) na Mahadum Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida Lapai, Niger State. == Akụkọ ndụ == A mụrụ ya ma zụlite ya n'obodo Ajaka na mpaghara gọọmentị ime obodo nke Kogi steeti. N'afọ 1974, ọ gara Barewa College Zaria maka asambodo ngwụcha ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị ya wee gụsịrị akwụkwọ na 1979. Mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, ọ gara n'ihu na-amụ Geology na [[Mahadum nke Ahmadu Bello|Mahadum Ahmadu Bello Zaria]] na-agụsị akwụkwọ na 1984. Ka ọ na-erule afọ 1987, ọ natara M.Sc. nzere<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|author=IV|first=Editorial|date=2019-10-11|title=Obaje heads NNPC professorial chair|url=https://www.blueprint.ng/obaje-heads-nnpc-professorial-chair/|accessdate=2021-09-14|work=Blueprint Newspapers Limited|language=en-US}}</ref> gaa n'ihu maka PhD ya na 1994 na Mahadum Tuebingen, Germany. Prọfesọ Obaje <ref name=":0"/> na 2019, a họpụtara ya dị ka onye isi nke Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation (NNPC) prọfesọ oche na Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida University Lapai (IBBUL), na steeti Niger.Tupu nke ahụ, ọ kwadoro nchọpụta mmanụ na mpaghara hydrocarbon asaa gụnyere Sokoto na Bida. N'ihi ya, e mere ya Onye isi oche NNPC na Basinal Studies.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://m.guardian.ng/news/cautious-optimism-greets-oil-discovery-in-gongola-basin/|title=Cautious optimism greets oil discovery in Gongola Basin|date=2019-10-13|work=The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News|language=en-US|accessdate=2020-02-23}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://allafrica.com/stories/201711180027.html|title=Nigeria: Tasks Before Oil Exploration in Bida, Sokoto Basins|author=Ahmed, Tahir Ajobe Minna|date=18 November 2017|work=Allafrica|accessdate=23 February 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ogj.com/exploration-development/article/17237162/new-assessment-for-central-nigerias-bida-basin-highlights-geological-prospects|title=StackPath|work=www.ogj.com|accessdate=2020-02-23}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|author=Orajaka|first=Prof Ifeanacho Paul|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tE_9sgEACAAJ&dq=Nuhu+obaje|title=Petroleum Geology for Geoscientists|date=2015-07-31|publisher=XULON Press|isbn=978-1-4984-2675-6|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.dailytrust.com.ng/researcher-insists-on-potential-for-crude-oil-in-bida-basin-259969.html|title=Researcher insists on potential for crude oil in Bida basin|author=Ajobe|first=Ahmed Tahir|date=2018-07-08|work=Daily Trust|language=en-GB|accessdate=2020-02-23|archivedate=2020-02-23|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200223113046/https://www.dailytrust.com.ng/researcher-insists-on-potential-for-crude-oil-in-bida-basin-259969.html}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.dailytrust.com.ng/there-is-prospect-of-oil-in-bida-sokoto-basins-prof-obaje.html|title=There is prospect of oil in Bida, Sokoto basins – Prof Obaje|author=Ajobe, Ahmed Tahir|date=2017-07-23|work=Daily Trust|language=en-GB|accessdate=2020-02-23|archivedate=2020-02-23|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200223113043/https://www.dailytrust.com.ng/there-is-prospect-of-oil-in-bida-sokoto-basins-prof-obaje.html}}</ref> == Onyinye na mmata == Ihe nrite: <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.blueprint.ng/obaje-heads-nnpc-professorial-chair/|title=Obaje heads NNPC professorial chair|author=Mahmud|first=Abdulsalam|date=2019-10-11|work=Blueprint|language=en-US|accessdate=2020-02-23}}</ref> * Royal Society of London (RSL) post-doctoral fellowship na Petroleum Geochemistry na Mahadum Aberdeen, Scotland, na 1997 * The German Academic Exchange Service (GAES) postdoctoral fellowship na biostratigraphy na Mahadum nke Tuebingen, na 1998. * Alexander von Humboldt research fellowship na organic geochemistry / organic petrology na Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources na Hannover / Germany, n'oge abụọ dị iche iche. * Onye isi nchọpụta nke Alfried Krupp Foundation <ref name=":0"/> * Onye nyocha, Petroleum Technology Development Fund (PTDF) mmemme nyocha kwa afọ na-enye onyinye asọmpi == Akwụkwọ ndị e bipụtara == Ụfọdụ akwụkwọ Obaje gụnyere:<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Obaje, Nuhu George|title=Obaje, Nuhu George- Publication|url=https://worldcat.org/identities/lccn-n95117808|journal=African journal of Earth Science|volume=34|pages=240}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=gDl2bMgAAAAJ&hl=en|title=Nuhu Obaje - Google Scholar Citations|work=scholar.google.com|accessdate=2020-02-23}}</ref> * Geology na mineral resources nke Nigeria, NG Obaje, Springer, 2009 * Hydrocarbon prospectivity nke ime ala Naịjirịa: Site n'echiche nke organic geochemistry na organic petrology, NG Obaje, H Wehner, G Scheeder, MB Abubakar, A Jauro AAPG bulletin 88 (3), 325-353, 2004 * Ihe mejupụtara Petrographic na gburugburu ebe obibi nke coal na Cretaceous na usoro coal na Middle Benue Trough nke Nigeria, NG Obaje, B Ligouis, SI Abaa International journal of coal geology 26 (3-4),233-260, 1994 * Coal petrography, microfossils na paleo gburugburu ebe obibi nke Cretaceous coal measurements na Middle Benue Trough nke Nigeria, NG Obaje, Institut und Museum für Geologie und Paläontologie der Universität, 1994 * Nnyocha nke ala nke ala mmiri carbon nke ọdọ mmiri dị na Northern Nigeria, NG Obaje, DO Attah, SA Opeloye, A Moumouni Geochemical Journal 40 (3), 227-243, 2006 * Biostratigraphic na geochemical njikwa nke atụmanya hydrocarbon na Benue Trough na Anambra Basin, Nigeria, NG Obaje, Nigerian Association of Petroleum Explorationists (NAPE) Bulletin 14, 18-54, 1999 * Mmiri hydrocarbon isi iyi-rock nke etiti Cretaceous coal na usoro coal na Middle Benue Trough nke Nigeria, NG Obaje, H Hamza, International Journal of Earth Sciences: Geologische Rundschau 89 (1), 130, 2000 * Nkọwa nke ihe ndị dị nro na Cretaceous Bima Sandstone sitere na Yola Arm, Upper Benue Trough n'ebe ugwu ọwụwa anyanwụ Nigeria, NK Samaila, MB Abubakar, EFC Dike, NG Obaje Journal of African Earth Sciences 44 (1), 66-74, 2006 * Organic geochemistry nke Cretaceous Lamza na Chikila coals, elu Benue trough, Nigeria, A Jauro, NG Obaje, MO Agho, MB Abubakar, A Tukur Fuel 86 (4), 520-532, 2007 * Onocerane na triterpenoids ndị ọzọ na Late Cretaceous sediments site na Upper Benue Trough, Nigeria: tectonic na palaeo gburugburu ebe obibi, MJ Pearson, NG Obaje Organic Geochemistry 30 (7), 583-592, 1999 * Akụkọ banyere ihe mere na Albian-Cenomanian elater-bearing pollen na Nasara-1 well, Upper Benue Trough, Nigeria: Biostratigraphic and palaeo climatological implications, MB Abubakar, NG Obaje, HP Luterbacher, EFC, Dike, AR Ashraf, Journal of African Earth Sciences 45 (3), 347-354, 2 06 * Ihe omuma ohuru sitere na mpaghara Naijiria nke ọdọ mmiri Chad: mmetụta na prospectivity hydro carbon, NG Obaje, H Wehner, H Hamza, G Scheeder, Journal of African Earth Sciences 38 (5), 477-487, 2004 * Ọganihu Stratigraphic na ikike mmanụ ala nke etiti cretaceous sediments na ala na etiti Benue Trough, Nigeria: nghọta site na nyocha ọhụrụ nke ihu nkume, SO Akande, OJ Ojo, OA Adekeye, SO Egenhoff, NG Obaje, BD Erdtmann Petroleum Technology Development Journal: An International Journal 1, 1-34, 2011 * Petroleum prospectivity nke Cretaceous Formations na Gongola Basin, Upper Benue Trough, Nigeria: a organic geochemical perspective on a migrated oil controversy, MB Abubakar, EFC Dike, NG Obaje, H Wehner, A Jauro, Journal of Petroleum Geology 31 (4), 387-407, 2008 * Nasara‐I well, Gongola Basin (Upper Benue Trough, Nigeria): Isi iyi-rock evaluation, NG Obaje, H Wehner, MB Abubakar, MT Isah, Journal of Petroleum Geology 27 (2), 191-206, 2004 * Ikike maka gas / hydrocarbons nke COAL-DERIVED n'ime etiti nke ọma / n'ime ala nke NIGERIA, NG Obaje, SI Abaa, Journal of Petroleum Geology 19 (1), 77-94, 1996 * Hydrocarbon nwere ike nke Cretaceous sediments na Lower na Middle Benue Trough, Nigeria: Insights from new source rock facies evaluation, SO Akande, SO Egenhoff, NG Obaje, OJ Ojo, OA Adekeye, BD Erdtmann, Journal of African Earth Sciences 64, 34-47, 2012 * Ọdịdị akụ na ụba nke ihe onwunwe coal nke Naijiria-a/nchịkọta dị mkpirikpi, NG Obaje, SI Abaa, T Najime, CE Suh, Africa Geo sayensị Review 6, 71-82, 1999 * Bida Basin dị n'ebe ugwu etiti Naijiria: sedimentology na petroleum geology, NG Obaje, MK Musa, AN Odoma, H Hamza, Journal of Petroleum and Gas Exploration Research 1 (1), 001-013, 2011 * Mmetụta gburugburu ebe obibi nke Artesanal Mining of Barytes na Azara Area, Middle Benue Trough, Nigeria MS Chaanda, NG Obaje, A Moumouni, NG Goki, UA Lar Journal of Earth Sciences 4 (1), 38-42, 2010. == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Onye édémédé akwukwọ si-na Naigeria]] r8aci8rjuj3hh6to8a2mh2qv3yohbq2 0 33924 644343 137701 2026-05-30T21:46:24Z Iwuala chisom 17246 Added {{DEFAULTSORT}} 644343 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Category:Articles with hCards]] '''Elizabeth Vandiver''' (amụrụ n'afọ 1956) bụ onye America na-amụ ihe gbasara oge ochie. bụ Clement Biddle Penrose Prọfesọ nke Latin na Classics na Whitman College, ebe ọ kụziri na Mahadum Maryland, College Park. <ref name="twsJun8faa" /> natara prestigious Excellence in Teaching Award site na American Philological Association na 1998. O nwetara onyinye maka nkuzi ya na Mahadum Northwestern na Mahadim Georgia . <ref name="twsJun8faa" /> <ref name="Edwards">{{Cite web|url=http://www.whitman.edu/newsroom/headline-news/2013-whitman-faculty-awards-recognize-excellence-in-teaching-scholarship-and-advising|title=Edwards Award|accessdate=2013-05-16|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130609155658/http://www.whitman.edu/newsroom/headline-news/2013-whitman-faculty-awards-recognize-excellence-in-teaching-scholarship-and-advising|archivedate=2013-06-09}}</ref>'ọnwa Mee afọ 2013, e nyere ya "G. Thomas Edwards Award for Excellence in Teaching and Scholarship" nke Whitman College, ihe nrite kachasị elu nke Whitman University na-enye onye otu ngalaba. == Ọrụ == == Akwụkwọ == * ''Heroes in Herodotus: The Interaction of Myth and History''<ref name="Vandiver, Elizabeth, 1956–1991">{{Cite book|title=Heroes in Herodotus : the interaction of myth and history|author=Vandiver, Elizabeth, 1956-|date=1991|publisher=P. Lang|isbn=3631431686|location=Frankfurt am Main|oclc=22708745}}</ref>''.'' Oxford University Press, 2013. * ''Luther's Lives: Two Contemporary Accounts of Martin Luther''<ref>{{Cite book|title=Luther's lives : two contemporary accounts of Martin Luther|date=2002|publisher=Manchester University Press|others=Vandiver, Elizabeth, 1956-, Keen, Ralph., Frazel, Thomas D.|isbn=142370634X|location=Manchester, UK|oclc=191941895}}</ref>'','' translated and edited by Elizabeth Vandiver, Ralph Keen, and Thomas D. Frazel. Manchester University Press, 2003. * ''Stand in the Trench, Achilles: Classical Receptions in British Poetry of the Great War''<ref>{{Cite book|title=Stand in the Trench, Achilles : Classical Receptions in British Poetry of the Great War.|author=Vandiver, Elizabeth.|date=2010|publisher=OUP Oxford|isbn=9780191572807|location=Oxford|oclc=714569785}}</ref> Peter Lang, 1991. == Edensibịa == {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Vandiver, Elizabeth}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] abj5l7oi5x8ua5vr348k4pk9nl7o741 0 33934 644408 214186 2026-05-30T23:15:10Z Iwuala chisom 17246 Fixed reference errors 644408 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Category:Articles with hCards]] '''Susan Treggiari''' bụ onye ọkà mmụta Bekee nke Ancient Rome, prọfesọ emeritus nke Mahadum Stanford na onye lara ezumike nká na Faculty of Classics na Mahadum Oxford. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=http://www.lmh.ox.ac.uk/getdoc/8b614f07-65f5-4c2c-aad1-aef15509be1e/Prof-Susan-Treggiari.aspx|title=LMH, Oxford – Professor Susan Treggiari|author=|first=|date=|work=|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170113010101/http://www.lmh.ox.ac.uk/getdoc/8b614f07%2D65f5%2D4c2c%2Daad1%2Daef15509be1e/Prof%2DSusan%2DTreggiari.aspx|archivedate=13 January 2017|accessdate=22 March 2017}} Page archived Fri, 13 Jan 2017 13:24:40 GMT</ref> Ebe ndị ọkachamara ọ na-amụ bụ ezinụlọ na alụmdi na nwunye na Rom oge ochie, Cicero na Roman Republic. == Mmụta == Treggiari gụrụ akwụkwọ <ref name=":2">{{Cite web|url=http://www.gf.org/fellows/all-fellows/susan-m-treggiari/|title=John Simon Guggenheim Foundation – Susan M. Treggiari|author=|first=|date=|work=|accessdate=17 March 2017|archivedate=23 March 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170323053035/http://www.gf.org/fellows/all-fellows/susan-m-treggiari/}}</ref> Cheltenham Ladies' College, ebe ọ gụrụ Latin site na iri na otu na Grik site na iri abụọ. <ref name=":0"/> gụrụ Literae Humaniores na Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford site na 1958 ruo 1962, nke e nyere ya nke mbụ, nọrọ afọ abụọ ọzọ ma dee edemede nke P.A. Brunt lekọtara, na ndị nweere onwe ha na Rom n'oge Republic (nke Clarendon Press bipụtara, 1969). [1] O nwere Derby Scholarship maka njem na Ịtali 1962-63 ma nye ya MA na 1965 na B.Litt. na 1967.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1">[http://www.gf.org/fellows/14817-susan-treggiari John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130104235604/http://www.gf.org/fellows/14817-susan-treggiari |date=4 January 2013 }}</ref> D.Litt ya Oxford nyere ya na 1993. <ref name=":2" /> == Ọrụ == Treggiari malitere izi ihe <ref name=":2"/> ụlọ ọrụ dị iche iche na London site na 1964, gụnyere Goldsmiths" College (oge ezumike) na North-Western Polytechnic. <ref name=":0"/> kụziri na Mahadum Ottawa 1970-82 na Stanford 1982-2001, ebe ọ bụ Anne T. & Robert M. Bass Prọfesọ na School of Humanities and Sciences site na 1992. [1] N'afọ 1993, e nyere ya Charles J. Goodwin Award of Merit nke American Philological Association . <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://classicalstudies.org/awards-and-fellowships/list-previous-goodwin-award-winners|title=List of previous Goodwin awards winners – Society for Classical Scholars|author=|first=|date=6 June 2010|work=|accessdate=22 March 2017}}</ref> Ọ bụ onye otu American Academy of Arts and Sciences kemgbe afọ 1995, ọ nwetakwara ihe ndị a: ==== Ihe ndị ọzọ ==== * 'A giddy parergon: Kipling and the classics", Classical News and Views/Echos du monde classique 14 (1970) 1-12 * 'Kipling's classics", The Kipling Journal 39 (1972) 7-12 * 'Quisque suos patimur manes: ndị edemede oge ochie na Oxford", Classical News and Views/Echos du monde classique 16 (1972) 69-74 * (Na A. Treggiari) 'The Craftsman", Kipling Journal 196 (1975) 4-6 * 'Ọdịnala na nwatakịrị Elephant' ọzọ", Classical Philology 100 (1979) 417-419 * 'On Kipling's Horace", Classical Views/Echos du monde classique 29 (n.s. 4) (1985) 421-433 * 'Lilian Jeffery", American Journal of Archaeology 92 (1988) 227-228 * Frith, Anne, Dorothy Smith, Anne Bauers na Susan Treggiari, Daniel nke Beccles. Urbanus Magnus, Akwụkwọ nke Nwoke Mepere Anya (Beccles, 2007) * 'The Latin poem' na Frith, Anne et aliae, Daniel nke Beccles. Urbanus Magnus, Akwụkwọ nke Nwoke Mepere Anya (Beccles, 2007) * 'Kipling na ụwa ochie', http://www.kipling.org.uk/bookmart_fra.htm (2012) == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] cc61yugwj2qz41v5xgztxizsgjcxl3w 0 33975 644517 137680 2026-05-31T06:05:36Z King ChristLike 13051 improved 644517 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Eyitope Ogungbenro Ogunbodede''' (amụrụ na 23 Jenụwarị 1957) bụ onye agụmakwụkwọ Naijiria na prọfesọ nke ezé onye bụ osote onye isi oche nke iri na otu nke [[Mahadum nke Obafemi Awolowo|Mahadum Obafemi Awolowo]], Ile-Ife, Naijiria site na 2017 ruo 2022. O bụkwa onye guzobere Dema Foundation Dental Museum, ebe ngosi nka ezé mbụ n'Africa nke e nyere iwu na 2015 nke nwere ihe ncheta nke akụkọ ezé nke oge a na Naijiria.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://oauife.edu.ng/vc|title=Prof. Eyitope O.O. - Vice-Chancellor|work=oauife.edu.ng|accessdate=2019-06-08|archivedate=2019-06-08|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190608155341/https://oauife.edu.ng/vc}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://thenationonlineng.net/facial-marks-in-a-dental-museum/|title=Facial marks in a dental museum|date=2015-09-26|work=The Nation Newspaper|language=en-US|accessdate=2019-06-08}}</ref> == Mmụta == Ogunbodede gara Owo High School ebe ọ nwetara asambodo ụlọ akwụkwọ West African na 1976. Ọ gara Mahadum Obafemi Awolowo ebe ọ nwetara BSc na Sayensị Ahụike na Bachelor of Dental Surgery (BchD) na 1981 na 1985 n'otu n'otu. <ref name=":0"/> nwekwara nzere masta na Public Health na [[University of Lagos|Mahadum Lagos]] (1989) ma bụrụkwa onye Commonwealth Medical Fellow na Mahadume College London n'etiti afọ 1991 na 1993. == Ọrụ == Ogunbodede sonyeere ọrụ nke Mahadum Obafemi Awolowo dị ka Medical Training Fellow na 1987 wee ghọọ prọfesọ na 2000. Dị ka onye agụmakwụkwọ, o bipụtara ihe dịka 100 edemede akwụkwọ akụkọ sayensị. <ref name=":0"/> dere ihe karịrị 40 abstracts na 2 akwụkwọ. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://punchng.com/breaking-ogunbodede-named-oaus-new-vice-chancellor/|title=BREAKING: Ogunbodede named OAU’s new vice chancellor|work=Punch Newspapers|language=en-US|accessdate=2019-06-08}}</ref> 8 Mee 2017, a họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ osote onye isi nke iri na otu nke Mahadum Obafemi Awolowo nke gwụrụ na Mee 2022. == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Ogunbodede, Eyitope}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 0u6a5clwcvcjox3jzd22re7vsr2mj2n 0 34175 644146 422432 2026-05-30T17:42:46Z Goodymeraj 16207 644146 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Elohor Elizabeth Isiorho''' (amụrụ na 23 Machị 1980) bụ onye ọsụ ụzọ ụlọ ọrụ na-emepụta ihe ngosi na Naijiria, <ref>{{Cite news|title=The Model Entrepreneur Who Is Getting More African Faces On the Global Stage|url=https://www.forbesafrica.com/fashion/2021/07/02/the-model-entrepreneur-who-is-getting-more-african-faces-on-the-global-stage/|publisher=Forbes Africa|author=Peace Hyde|accessdate=12 July 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=Champagne and sequins as Nigeria models look to rock the runways|url=https://www.rfi.fr/en/business-and-tech/20210619-champagne-and-sequins-as-nigeria-models-look-to-rock-the-runways|publisher=AFP|date=19 June 2021}}</ref> onye bụbu eze nwanyị mara mma, onye guzobere [https://www.bethmodelafrica.com/ Beth Model Management Africa] <ref>{{Cite news|title=BellaNaija's Style Digital Summit|url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2021/10/16/bellanaijas-style-digital-summit/|publisher=ThisDay|author=Azuka Ogujiuba|date=16 October 2021}}</ref> na Face of Africa, na onye ọchụnta ego nwere mmasị na-agụnye ime ihe ngosi, ịma mma, nhazi ihe omume na ala. <ref>{{Cite news|title=The Multifaceted Mogul Elohor Elizabeth Isiorho|url=https://thewilldowntown.com/the-multifaceted-mogul-elohor-elizabeth-isiorho/|publisher=The Will Downtown|author=Kehindé Fagbule|date=24 July 2022}}</ref> {{Databox}} == Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ == A mụrụ Elohor Elizabeth Isiorho na England na 23 Machị 1980. Mgbe ọ dị afọ abụọ, ya na ezinụlọ ya laghachiri Naịjirịa. Mgbe <ref>{{Cite news|title=Elizabeth Elohor on Building a Legacy For Africa's Modelling Industry|url=https://amaka.studio/explore/articles/elizabeth-elohor-profile|publisher=Amakazine|author=Adedoyin Adeniji|date=22 March 2022}}</ref> dị afọ iri na isii, ọ laghachiri London iji nweta nzere bachelọ mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ sekọndrị. <ref>{{Cite news|title=Prioritize Personal Development And Never Sell Yourself Cheap|url=https://leadingladiesafrica.org/prioritize-personal-development-and-never-sell-yourself-cheap-elizabeth-elohor-isiohor/|publisher=Leading Ladies Africa|date=20 July 2019}}</ref> gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Mahadum London Guildhall (nke a maara ugbu a dị ka Mahadum Metropolitan nke London) ebe ọ gụrụ Business and Information Technology . [1] == Ọrụ == Dị ka nwa akwụkwọ, Elizabeth Elohor Isiorho sonyere na Miss Nigeria UK na 2001, asọmpi ọ meriri. Mgbe mmeri ya gasịrị, ọ malitere ime ihe ngosi. <ref>{{Cite news|title=A day in the life of a model in Nigeria|url=https://www.dazeddigital.com/fashion/article/36634/1/a-day-in-the-life-of-a-nigerian-model|publisher=Dazed Digital|author=Barclay Bram|date=24 July 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=GLAMOUR Women in Charge: Elizabeth Elohor|url=https://www.glamour.co.za/lifestyle/glamour-guides/glamour-women-in-charge-elizabeth-elohor-963addcc-1c8a-465b-943b-2241a886c7f7|publisher=Glamour|author=Nontando Mposo|date=5 July 2021}}</ref> laghachiri Naịjirịa n'afọ 2003 mgbe ọ rụchara ọrụ n'ihe ngosi na UK ruo afọ ise. <ref>{{Cite news|title=Champagne and sequins as Nigeria models look to rock the runways|url=https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20210619-champagne-and-sequins-as-nigeria-models-look-to-rock-the-runways|publisher=AFP|date=20 June 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=Elohor Elizabeth: Placing African Models on the World's Biggest Stages|url=https://guardian.ng/life/elohor-elizabeth-isiorho-placing-african-models-on-the-worlds-biggest-stages/|publisher=Guardian|date=17 October 2021}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|title=Future Face Africa, Africa's largest model search competition, prepares for grand finale|url=https://businessday.ng/arts-and-life/article/future-face-africa-africas-largest-model-search-competition-prepares-for-grand-finale/|publisher=BusinessDay|author=Emelike Obinna|date=28 January 2022}}</ref> laghachiri Lagos, Naịjirịa, o guzobere Beth Models (nke bụzi Beth Model Management Africa) n'afọ 2004, ụlọ ọrụ na-emepụta ihe nkiri kachasị ogologo na Naịjirị, nke a kọwakwara dị ka "ụlọ ọrụ na-ese ihe nkiri kachasị ukwuu n'Afrịka". [1] [2] Ọ na-arụ ọrụ na ụlọ ọrụ na ihe nlereanya mba ụwa. <ref>{{Cite news|title=Elite Model Look & Beth Models Scout Nigeria for the Next International Supermodel|url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2009/08/elite-model-look-beth-models-scout-nigeria-for-the-next-international-supermodel/|publisher=Bella Naija|author=Bethany Boyo, Destiny Fakoya|date=11 August 2009}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=Beth Model Management Africa|url=https://models.com/agency/beth-model-management-africa|publisher=Models|accessdate=10 July 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=Elizabeth Elohor: Changing the Faces of the Runway|url=https://wotcmagazine.com/issue-eleven-contents-page/elizabeth-elohor-changing-the-faces-of-the-runway|publisher=Women of the City|author=Bethany Boyo, Destiny Fakoya|accessdate=12 July 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=Elizabeth Elohor – 16 Years of International Model Scouting|url=https://www.tribeandelan.com/elizabeth-elohor-16-years-of-international-model-scouting/|publisher=Tribe & Elan|date=11 April 2021}}</ref>'afọ 2007, ọ nwetara nkwekọrịta franchise na Elite Model Management Paris iji hazie 'Elite Model Look Nigeria'. [1] [2] [3] A maara Elizabeth Elohor Isiorho dị ka onye chọpụtara ma malite ọrụ nke ụfọdụ n'ime ndị na-eme nke ọma na Naijiria, <ref>{{Cite news|title=EML Nigeria 2019: Exclusive Interview With The Woman Calling All The Shots – Elizabeth Elohor|url=https://www.bellanaijastyle.com/elizabeth-elohor-elite-model-look-nigeria-2019/|publisher=Bella Naija|author=Mary Edoro|date=6 September 2019}}</ref> ya bụ [[Mayowa Nicholas]], onye mbụ na-eme ihe ngosi Naijiria iji mee ka ụzọ ụgbọ elu Victoria Secret dị mma; Victor Ndigwe, [https://www.elitemodellook.com/int/en/home/model-to-know-davidson-obennebo/index.htm Davidson Obennebo], <ref>{{Cite news|title=DAVIDSON OBENNEBO: FROM ELITE MODEL LOOK TO THE CATWALK|url=https://www.elitemodellook.com/int/en/home/model-to-know-davidson-obennebo/index.htm|publisher=EML East & West Africa|accessdate=12 July 2022}}</ref> [https://web.archive.org/web/20231105213548/https://elitemodel.com/-/miami/models/women/7308-nneoma-anosike Nneoma Anosike], [https://models.com/models/jeffrey-obed Jeffery Obed], [https://models.com/models/tobi-momoh Tobi Momoh], <ref>{{Cite news|title=Future Face Africa: The largest casting of models in Africa|url=https://www.africanews.com/2021/06/21/future-face-africa-the-largest-casting-of-models-in-africa//|publisher=African News (AFP)|date=21 June 2021}}</ref> [https://models.com/models/olaniyan-olamijuwon Olaniyan Olamijuwon], n'etiti ndị ọzọ. Isiorho bụkwa Chief Executive Officer nke Face of Africa, nke e kpebiri na ọ bụ "ihe nlereanya kachasị ukwuu n'Africa. " <ref>{{Cite news|title=Future Face Africa, Africa's largest model search competition, prepares for grand finale|url=https://businessday.ng/arts-and-life/article/future-face-africa-africas-largest-model-search-competition-prepares-for-grand-finale/|publisher=BusinessDay|author=Emelike Obinna|date=28 January 2022}}</ref> Ọ bụ C.E.O nke Prive Luxury Wedding and Event Company, na Prive Atelier <ref>{{Cite news|title=ELIZABETH ISIOHOR CLOCKS 42 TODAY|url=https://allure.vanguardngr.com/2022/03/elizabeth-isiohor/|publisher=Vanguard|date=23 March 2022}}</ref> == Nkwado na onyinye == O meriri Miss Nigeria UK n'afọ 2001. E gosipụtara ya n'ọtụtụ mkpuchi na ajụjụ ọnụ na Forbes, Glamour South Africa, Dazed Digital, Brides, Women of the City, Guardian Life, Vanguard Allure, The Will Downtown, na ndị ọzọ. Isiorho enwetala ihe nrite <ref>{{Cite news|title=Elizabeth Elohor Isiorho looks Undeniably Chic on Guardian Life Magazine's Latest Cover|url=https://www.bellanaijastyle.com/elizabeth-isiorho-placing-african-models/|publisher=Bella Naija|date=18 October 2021}}</ref> ụlọ ọrụ ejiji na ntụrụndụ gụnyere ụlọ ọrụ ime ihe ngosi nke afọ ugboro atọ n'usoro, ihe nrite maka ụlọ ọrụ ndị pụtara ìhè maka iguzobe ụlọ ọrụ imepụta ihe ngosi mbụ na Naịjirịa. <ref>{{Cite news|title=Prioritize Personal Development And Never Sell Yourself Cheap|url=https://leadingladiesafrica.org/prioritize-personal-development-and-never-sell-yourself-cheap-elizabeth-elohor-isiohor/|publisher=Leading Ladies Africa|date=20 July 2019}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|title=Ministers, Kebbi First Lady, journalists nominated for Nigeria Outlook Women Trailblazer Awards|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2021/10/ministers-kebbi-first-lady-journalists-nominated-for-nigeria-outlook-women-trailblazer-awards/|publisher=Vanguard|author=Fortune Eromosele|date=9 October 2021}}</ref> == Ihe odide == {{Reflist|2}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Isiorho, Elizabeth Elohor}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] as91elef22pkv774rswbchcqd0on7tc 0 34299 644020 135788 2026-05-30T13:52:45Z Geraldine Kene 23189 Fixed reference error 644020 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="infobox hproduct" |+ class="infobox-title fn" id="4" |Zest | colspan="2" class="infobox-image" |[[File:Zest_logo.svg|200x200px|Zest logo as of 2019]] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Ụdị ngwaahịa | class="infobox-data type" |[[Soap|Mkpụrụ ndụ ncha]], [[Body wash|ịsa ahụ]] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Onye nwe ya | class="infobox-data brand" |High Ridge Brands Company <small> ([[United States]], [[Canada]], [[Puerto Rico]]) </small> [[Unilever]] (ma e wezụga United States, Canada), Puerto Rico<br /><small> (ma e wezụga [[United States]], [[Canada]], [[Puerto Rico]]) </small> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Mba | class="infobox-data" |[[United States|U.S.]] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |E webatara ya | class="infobox-data" |1955<span class="noprint">&#x3B; Afọ 68 gara aga&#x20;&nbsp;</span> <span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1955</span>)&nbsp;</span> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Ahịa | class="infobox-data" |[[United States|U.S.]] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Ndị nwe ya n'oge gara aga | class="infobox-data" |[[Procter & Gamble]] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Akụkọ | class="infobox-data" |"Ọ dị ọcha nke ukwuu!" |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ | class="infobox-data" |<span class="url">[http://www.zest.com/ www.zest.com]</span> |} '''Zest bu aha ncha na Ihe eji asa ahu Nke ndi America nwe. Obu ndi High Ridge brand Nke united States, Canada na Puerto Rico na Unilever nwee. O bu Procter na Gamble bidoro ya n'afo 1955. Ihe eji mara ha bu "For the first time in your life, feel really clean".''' <ref name=":0">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZyUwNAs43LcC&q=william+a+procter+president&pg=PA426|title=Rising Tide: Lessons from 165 Years of Brand Building at Procter and Gamble|publisher=Harvard Business Press|date=May 1, 2004|accessdate=2013-05-07|author=Davis, Dyer|pages=426|isbn=9781591391470}}<cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFDavis,_Dyer2004">Davis, Dyer; et&nbsp;al. (May 1, 2004). [https://books.google.com/books?id=ZyUwNAs43LcC&q=william+a+procter+president&pg=PA426 ''Rising Tide: Lessons from 165 Years of Brand Building at Procter and Gamble'']. Harvard Business Press. p.&nbsp;426. [[ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/9781591391470|<bdi>9781591391470</bdi>]]<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-05-07</span></span>.</cite></ref>". == Akụkọ ihe mere eme == Ọ bụ Procter & Gamble webatara Zest na 1955 <ref name=" /> ma malite ya na mba ahụ na 1957. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bizjournals.com/cincinnati/news/2014/12/22/p-g-unloads-two-big-name-brands.html|title=P&G unloads Camay and Zest soap brands|work=Cincinnati Business Courier|date=December 22, 2014|accessdate=November 11, 2021}}</ref> E debere Zest na mbụ dị ka ihe na-eme ka ihe na'isi sie ike nke gụnyere ncha na ihe ndị na-asacha. Ihe nhicha ahụ na-egbochi itinye [[Mmiri ncha|ncha ncha]] n'ihu mmiri siri ike. Marble n'ọdịdị, Zest na mbụ bịara n'ụdị abụọ: Aqua na odo, citrus na-esi ísì ụtọ. Ka ọ na-erule n'etiti afọ 1960, mmanya ahụ enweghịzi ọdịdị marble. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://drugstorenews.com/beauty/high-ridge-brands-snaps-zest-pg|title=High Ridge Brands snaps up Zest from P&G|first=Antoinette|author=Alexander|date=January 4, 2011|work=Drug Store News|accessdate=June 29, 2020}}</ref>'afọ 2011, Procter & Gamble rere ikike North American na Caribbean nke Zest na Brynwood Partners VI LP, ụlọ ọrụ dị na Stamford, Connecticut, site na enyemaka ya, High Ridge Brands Company. Onye nnọchi anya ụlọ ọrụ sitere <ref>{{Cite web|author=Wong|first=Elaine|title=Why Americans Will Soon Be Singing "Zestfully Clean" -- Again|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/elainewong/2011/01/04/why-americans-will-soon-be-singing-zestfully-clean-again/|accessdate=2020-10-06|work=Forbes|language=en}}</ref> P&G zara ihe mere ụlọ ọrụ ahụ ji kpebie ire Zest: "Anyị na-enyocha ụdị niile dị na pọtụfoliyo ahụ megide usoro ha na uru ha na ebumnuche ụwa anyị dị ogologo. N'okwu a, anyị chere na Zest, ya na nnukwu ikpe ziri ezi na 'dị ọcha'... na isi na-esote na US na Canada, bụ uru ka mma maka ụlọ ọrụ ga-eweta uche dị ukwuu na ya. " <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.unilever.com/news/press-releases/2014/14-12-22-Unilever-to-acquire-the-Camay-and-Zest-brands.html|title=Unilever to acquire Camay and Zest brands|date=December 12, 2014|work=Unilever North America|accessdate=June 29, 2020}}</ref>'afọ 2015, Unilever nwetara ikike nke akara Zest na mpụga North America na Caribbean site na Procter & Gamble. == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}} hjopwlft2ohc5ag4k613d832r0gwkk7 644538 644020 2026-05-31T06:32:01Z King ChristLike 13051 /* Akụkọ ihe mere eme */ fixed ref error 644538 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="infobox hproduct" |+ class="infobox-title fn" id="4" |Zest | colspan="2" class="infobox-image" |[[File:Zest_logo.svg|200x200px|Zest logo as of 2019]] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Ụdị ngwaahịa | class="infobox-data type" |[[Soap|Mkpụrụ ndụ ncha]], [[Body wash|ịsa ahụ]] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Onye nwe ya | class="infobox-data brand" |High Ridge Brands Company <small> ([[United States]], [[Canada]], [[Puerto Rico]]) </small> [[Unilever]] (ma e wezụga United States, Canada), Puerto Rico<br /><small> (ma e wezụga [[United States]], [[Canada]], [[Puerto Rico]]) </small> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Mba | class="infobox-data" |[[United States|U.S.]] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |E webatara ya | class="infobox-data" |1955<span class="noprint">&#x3B; Afọ 68 gara aga&#x20;&nbsp;</span> <span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1955</span>)&nbsp;</span> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Ahịa | class="infobox-data" |[[United States|U.S.]] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Ndị nwe ya n'oge gara aga | class="infobox-data" |[[Procter & Gamble]] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Akụkọ | class="infobox-data" |"Ọ dị ọcha nke ukwuu!" |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ | class="infobox-data" |<span class="url">[http://www.zest.com/ www.zest.com]</span> |} '''Zest bu aha ncha na Ihe eji asa ahu Nke ndi America nwe. Obu ndi High Ridge brand Nke united States, Canada na Puerto Rico na Unilever nwee. O bu Procter na Gamble bidoro ya n'afo 1955. Ihe eji mara ha bu "For the first time in your life, feel really clean".''' <ref name=":0">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZyUwNAs43LcC&q=william+a+procter+president&pg=PA426|title=Rising Tide: Lessons from 165 Years of Brand Building at Procter and Gamble|publisher=Harvard Business Press|date=May 1, 2004|accessdate=2013-05-07|author=Davis, Dyer|pages=426|isbn=9781591391470}}<cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFDavis,_Dyer2004">Davis, Dyer; et&nbsp;al. (May 1, 2004). [https://books.google.com/books?id=ZyUwNAs43LcC&q=william+a+procter+president&pg=PA426 ''Rising Tide: Lessons from 165 Years of Brand Building at Procter and Gamble'']. Harvard Business Press. p.&nbsp;426. [[ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/9781591391470|<bdi>9781591391470</bdi>]]<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-05-07</span></span>.</cite></ref>". == Akụkọ ihe mere eme == Ọ bụ Procter & Gamble webatara Zest na 1955 <ref name=":0">{{cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZyUwNAs43LcC&q=william+a+procter+president&pg=PA426 | title=Rising Tide: Lessons from 165 Years of Brand Building at Procter and Gamble | publisher=Harvard Business Press | date=May 1, 2004 | access-date=2013-05-07 | author=Davis, Dyer| pages=426| isbn=9781591391470 |display-authors=etal}}</ref> ma malite ya na mba ahụ na 1957. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bizjournals.com/cincinnati/news/2014/12/22/p-g-unloads-two-big-name-brands.html|title=P&G unloads Camay and Zest soap brands|work=Cincinnati Business Courier|date=December 22, 2014|accessdate=November 11, 2021}}</ref> E debere Zest na mbụ dị ka ihe na-eme ka ihe na'isi sie ike nke gụnyere ncha na ihe ndị na-asacha. Ihe nhicha ahụ na-egbochi itinye [[Mmiri ncha|ncha ncha]] n'ihu mmiri siri ike. Marble n'ọdịdị, Zest na mbụ bịara n'ụdị abụọ: Aqua na odo, citrus na-esi ísì ụtọ. Ka ọ na-erule n'etiti afọ 1960, mmanya ahụ enweghịzi ọdịdị marble. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://drugstorenews.com/beauty/high-ridge-brands-snaps-zest-pg|title=High Ridge Brands snaps up Zest from P&G|first=Antoinette|author=Alexander|date=January 4, 2011|work=Drug Store News|accessdate=June 29, 2020}}</ref>'afọ 2011, Procter & Gamble rere ikike North American na Caribbean nke Zest na Brynwood Partners VI LP, ụlọ ọrụ dị na Stamford, Connecticut, site na enyemaka ya, High Ridge Brands Company. Onye nnọchi anya ụlọ ọrụ sitere <ref>{{Cite web|author=Wong|first=Elaine|title=Why Americans Will Soon Be Singing "Zestfully Clean" -- Again|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/elainewong/2011/01/04/why-americans-will-soon-be-singing-zestfully-clean-again/|accessdate=2020-10-06|work=Forbes|language=en}}</ref> P&G zara ihe mere ụlọ ọrụ ahụ ji kpebie ire Zest: "Anyị na-enyocha ụdị niile dị na pọtụfoliyo ahụ megide usoro ha na uru ha na ebumnuche ụwa anyị dị ogologo. N'okwu a, anyị chere na Zest, ya na nnukwu ikpe ziri ezi na 'dị ọcha'... na isi na-esote na US na Canada, bụ uru ka mma maka ụlọ ọrụ ga-eweta uche dị ukwuu na ya. " <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.unilever.com/news/press-releases/2014/14-12-22-Unilever-to-acquire-the-Camay-and-Zest-brands.html|title=Unilever to acquire Camay and Zest brands|date=December 12, 2014|work=Unilever North America|accessdate=June 29, 2020}}</ref>'afọ 2015, Unilever nwetara ikike nke akara Zest na mpụga North America na Caribbean site na Procter & Gamble. == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}} qnmh9rp5q2t7jxk6obtl3qczir7ey3s 644541 644538 2026-05-31T06:34:50Z King ChristLike 13051 improved 644541 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Zest''' bu aha ncha na Ihe eji asa ahu Nke ndi America nwe. Obu ndi High Ridge brand Nke united States, Canada na Puerto Rico na Unilever nwee. O bu Procter na Gamble bidoro ya n'afo 1955. Ihe eji mara ha bu "For the first time in your life, feel really clean".<ref name=":0" /> == Akụkọ ihe mere eme == Ọ bụ Procter & Gamble webatara Zest na 1955 <ref name=":0">{{cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZyUwNAs43LcC&q=william+a+procter+president&pg=PA426 | title=Rising Tide: Lessons from 165 Years of Brand Building at Procter and Gamble | publisher=Harvard Business Press | date=May 1, 2004 | access-date=2013-05-07 | author=Davis, Dyer| pages=426| isbn=9781591391470 |display-authors=etal}}</ref> ma malite ya na mba ahụ na 1957. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bizjournals.com/cincinnati/news/2014/12/22/p-g-unloads-two-big-name-brands.html|title=P&G unloads Camay and Zest soap brands|work=Cincinnati Business Courier|date=December 22, 2014|accessdate=November 11, 2021}}</ref> E debere Zest na mbụ dị ka ihe na-eme ka ihe na'isi sie ike nke gụnyere ncha na ihe ndị na-asacha. Ihe nhicha ahụ na-egbochi itinye [[Mmiri ncha|ncha ncha]] n'ihu mmiri siri ike. Marble n'ọdịdị, Zest na mbụ bịara n'ụdị abụọ: Aqua na odo, citrus na-esi ísì ụtọ. Ka ọ na-erule n'etiti afọ 1960, mmanya ahụ enweghịzi ọdịdị marble. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://drugstorenews.com/beauty/high-ridge-brands-snaps-zest-pg|title=High Ridge Brands snaps up Zest from P&G|first=Antoinette|author=Alexander|date=January 4, 2011|work=Drug Store News|accessdate=June 29, 2020}}</ref>'afọ 2011, Procter & Gamble rere ikike North American na Caribbean nke Zest na Brynwood Partners VI LP, ụlọ ọrụ dị na Stamford, Connecticut, site na enyemaka ya, High Ridge Brands Company. Onye nnọchi anya ụlọ ọrụ sitere <ref>{{Cite web|author=Wong|first=Elaine|title=Why Americans Will Soon Be Singing "Zestfully Clean" -- Again|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/elainewong/2011/01/04/why-americans-will-soon-be-singing-zestfully-clean-again/|accessdate=2020-10-06|work=Forbes|language=en}}</ref> P&G zara ihe mere ụlọ ọrụ ahụ ji kpebie ire Zest: "Anyị na-enyocha ụdị niile dị na pọtụfoliyo ahụ megide usoro ha na uru ha na ebumnuche ụwa anyị dị ogologo. N'okwu a, anyị chere na Zest, ya na nnukwu ikpe ziri ezi na 'dị ọcha'... na isi na-esote na US na Canada, bụ uru ka mma maka ụlọ ọrụ ga-eweta uche dị ukwuu na ya. " <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.unilever.com/news/press-releases/2014/14-12-22-Unilever-to-acquire-the-Camay-and-Zest-brands.html|title=Unilever to acquire Camay and Zest brands|date=December 12, 2014|work=Unilever North America|accessdate=June 29, 2020}}</ref>'afọ 2015, Unilever nwetara ikike nke akara Zest na mpụga North America na Caribbean site na Procter & Gamble. == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}} meihaikducuabq2cxqroky0k4p0qkf1 0 34323 644425 135898 2026-05-30T23:41:03Z Sylvaline39 15355 Fixed reference error 644425 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}<ref name="OE">{{Cite web|title=Order of Excellence (OE)|url=http://opm.gov.jm/awards/order-of-excellence-oe/|accessdate=19 April 2016|publisher=[[Prime Minister of Jamaica|Office of the Prime Minister]]|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160405162756/http://opm.gov.jm:80/awards/order-of-excellence-oe/|archivedate=2016-04-05}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.jis.gov.jm/special_sections/This%20Is%20Jamaica/pdf/NationalHonoursAwards.pdf|title=National Honours and Awards of Jamaica|date=|publisher=Page 4, Jamaica Information Service|accessdate=9 February 2013}}</ref> Ọkachamma bụ otu n'ime iwu mba isii nke Usoro nsọpụrụ nke Jamaica, a na-enyekwa ya naanị ndị isi ala ma ọ bụ gọọmentị. Iwu ahụ <ref name="awards">[http://jis.gov.jm/information/awards/ "National Awards of Jamaica"], Jamaica Information Service, accessed May 12, 2015.</ref> Ọkachamma bụ nsọpụrụ kachasị ọhụrụ e mepụtara, ebe e mere ya na 2003. Usoro nke Ọkachamma weghaara ọrụ nke Usoro nke nsọpụrụ, nke a na-enye ugbu a "ndị nwere ihe ịga nke ọma dị ịrịba ama na mpaghara ọmụmụ ihe ụfọdụ".   <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''<nowiki><span title="The text near this tag needs a citation. (June 2022)">This quote needs a citation</span></nowiki>''&#x5D;</sup> == Ndị natara ya == {| class="wikitable" |Thabo Mbeki | Saụt Afrịka |1 Julaị 2003 |<ref name="OE"/> |- |Eze Juan Carlos nke Mbụ nke Spain | Spain |17 Febụwarị 2009 |<ref name="OE" /> |- |Jakaya Kikwete | Tanzania |25 Nọvemba 2009 |<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://jis.gov.jm/president-kikwete-awarded-order-of-excellence/|title=President Kikwete Awarded Order of Excellence|date=26 November 2009|publisher=Jamaica Information Service|accessdate=7 February 2013}}</ref> |- |Danilo Medina | Dominican Republic |27 Nọvemba 2017 |<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://jis.gov.jm/pm-holness-dominican-republic-president-conferred-national-honours/|title=President Medina Awarded Order of Excellence|date=28 November 2017|publisher=Jamaica Information Service|accessdate=28 November 2017}}</ref> |} == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}} 9p4t8oxsn2vp4r5gaahiwko9vrzgw5g 0 34569 644326 144672 2026-05-30T21:31:24Z Sayvhior 13464 /* Ọrụ na Ime Nnyocha Ya */ 644326 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''[[w:Ben-Erik van Wyk|Ben-Erik van Wyk]]''' [[w:African Academy of Sciences | FAAS]] (amụrụ 27 Disemba 1956 na [[w:Bellville, South Africa | Bellville]]) bụ Ọkammụta si mba South Africa n'isi ọmụmụ [[w:|botany]] na [[w:|ọgwụ ọdịnala Africa]] na Mahadum Johannesburg. === Mmalite Ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ Ya === A mụrụ Ben-Erik van Wyk na 27 Disemba 1956 na [[w:Bellville, South Africa | Bellville]], South Africa.<ref>{{Cite web |title=1092541 |url=https://viaf.org/viaf/1092541/ |access-date=2022-12-27 |website=viaf.org}}</ref> N'afọ 1979, ọ nwetara nzere B.Sc ya site na [[w:|Mahadum Stellenbosch]] n'isi ọmụmụ Ịmụ maka oke ọhịa na Nchekwa Ụdịekere. N'afọ 1983, ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ [[w:Latin honors | cum laude]] na nzere M.Sc ya. N'afọ 1989, o nwetara nzere PhD ya site na [[w:|Mahadum Cape Town]] <ref name=":3">{{Cite web |date=2017-09-04 |title= |url=https://www.uj.ac.za/faculties/science/botany/Documents/Ben-Erik%20van%20Wyk_CV.pdf |access-date=2022-12-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170904011127/https://www.uj.ac.za/faculties/science/botany/Documents/Ben-Erik%20van%20Wyk_CV.pdf |archive-date=2017-09-04 |accessdate=2023-12-11 |archivedate=2017-09-04 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170904011127/https://www.uj.ac.za/faculties/science/botany/Documents/Ben-Erik%20van%20Wyk_CV.pdf }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=ORCID |url=https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0306-8193 |access-date=2022-12-27 |website=orcid.org}}</ref> === Ọrụ na Ime Nnyocha Ya === Kemgbe afọ 1984, Van Wyk nọ na-akụzi na [[w:|Mahadum Rand Afrikaans]], ebe ọ bụ onye ọkammụta kemgbe afọ 1990. Kemgbe afọ 2005 ọ bụ onye ọkammụta na Ngalaba Botany na Plant Biotechnology, [[w:|Mahadum Johannesburg]] , ebe Mahadum Rand Afrikaans etinyela uche ya <ref>{{Cite web |date=2016-02-02 |title=Ben-Erik van Wyk, Timber Press author |url=http://www.timberpress.com/author/ben_erik_van_wyk/1125 |access-date=2022-12-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160202033119/http://www.timberpress.com/author/ben_erik_van_wyk/1125 |archive-date=2016-02-02 }}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Prof Ben-Erik van Wyk |url=https://www.uj.ac.za/members/ben-erik-van-wyk/ |access-date=2022-12-27 |website=University of Johannesburg |language=en-ZA}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Ben-Erik van Wyk |url=http://www.stellenboschwriters.com/vanwykbe.html |access-date=2022-12-27 |website=www.stellenboschwriters.com}}</ref> Van Wyk na-enyocha ihe ọkụkụ Africa [[w:History of plant systematics | nhazi ọkwa osisi]] ([[w:Taxonomy(biology)|taxonomy)]] <ref>{{Cite book |url=https://press.uchicago.edu/ucp/books/book/chicago/P/bo19196930.html |title=Phytomedicines, Herbal Drugs, and Poisons |publisher=University of Chicago Press |language=en}}</ref> na [[w:|chemotaxonomy]]<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Steenkamp |first1=P. A. |last2=Harding |first2=N. M. |last3=van Heerden |first3=F. R. |last4=van Wyk |first4=B. -E. |date=2004-10-04 |title=Fatal Datura poisoning: identification of atropine and scopolamine by high performance liquid chromatography/photodiode array/mass spectrometry |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0379073804001719 |journal=Forensic Science International |language=en |volume=145 |issue=1 |pages=31–39 |doi=10.1016/j.forsciint.2004.03.011 |pmid=15374592 |issn=0379-0738}}</ref>) kpọmkwem maka [[w:|Apiaceae]],<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Calviño |first1=Carolina I. |last2=Tilney |first2=Patricia M. |last3=Wyk |first3=Ben‐Erik |last4=Downie |first4=Stephen R. |date=2006-12-01 |title=A molecular phylogenetic study of southern African Apiaceae |journal=American Journal of Botany |language=en |volume=93 |issue=12 |pages=1828–1847 |doi=10.3732/ajb.93.12.1828 |pmid=21642128 |issn=0002-9122|doi-access=free }}</ref> [[w:|Fabaceae]],<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=van Wyk |first1=B-E. |last2=Albrecht |first2=C. |date=2008-10-28 |title=A review of the taxonomy, ethnobotany, chemistry and pharmacology of Sutherlandia frutescens (Fabaceae) |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378874108004431 |journal=Journal of Ethnopharmacology |series=Ethnobotany in South Africa |language=en |volume=119 |issue=3 |pages=620–629 |doi=10.1016/j.jep.2008.08.003 |pmid=18761068 |issn=0378-8741}}</ref> [[Aloe]]'',''<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Dagne |first1=E. |last2=Bisrat |first2=D. |last3=Viljoen |first3=A. |last4=van Wyk |first4=B.E. |date=2000-10-01 |title=Chemistry of Aloe Species |url=https://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/ben/coc/2000/00000004/00000010/art00004 |journal=Current Organic Chemistry |volume=4 |issue=10 |pages=1055–1078 |doi=10.2174/1385272003375932}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Chen |first1=Weiyang |last2=Van Wyk |first2=Ben-Erik |last3=Vermaak |first3=Ilze |last4=Viljoen |first4=Alvaro M. |date=2012-03-01 |title=Cape aloes—A review of the phytochemistry, pharmacology and commercialisation of Aloe ferox |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1874390011001285 |journal=Phytochemistry Letters |language=en |volume=5 |issue=1 |pages=1–12 |doi=10.1016/j.phytol.2011.09.001 |bibcode=2012PChL....5....1C |issn=1874-3900}}</ref> na [[w:|Asphodelaceae]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Viljoen |first1=Alvaro |last2=van Vuuren |first2=Sandy |last3=Ernst |first3=Erika |last4=Klepser |first4=Michael |last5=Demirci |first5=Betűl |last6=Başer |first6=Husnu |last7=van Wyk |first7=Ben-Erik |date=2003-10-01 |title=Osmitopsis asteriscoides (Asteraceae)-the antimicrobial activity and essential oil composition of a Cape-Dutch remedy |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378874103001910 |journal=Journal of Ethnopharmacology |language=en |volume=88 |issue=2 |pages=137–143 |doi=10.1016/S0378-8741(03)00191-0 |pmid=12963133 |issn=0378-8741}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Van Wyk |first=Ben-Erik |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/51046239 |title=Poisonous plants of South Africa |date=2002 |publisher=Briza Publications |others=Fanie Van Heerden, Bosch Van Oudtshoorn |isbn=978-1-875093-30-4 |edition=1st |location=Pretoria |oclc=51046239}}</ref> Na mgbakwunye, ọ na-elekwasị anya na osisi ọgwụ na [[w:|ethnobotany]],<ref>{{Cite journal | last=van Wyk |first=B. -E. | ụbọchị = 2008-10-28 | aha = Nyochaa nke Khoi-San na Cape Dutch Medical ethnobotany |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S037887410800398X |journal=Journal of Ethnopharmacology|Usoro =Ethnobotany na South Africa |language = en | volume = 119 | issue = 3 | page = 331–341 |doi=10.1016/j.jep.2008.07.021 |pmid=18703129 |issn=0378-8741}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal | last1=Van Wyk |first1=B. -E. | ikpeazụ2=de mmiri | nke mbụ2=H. | ikpeazụ3=Van Heerden |nke mbụ3=F. R. |date=2008-11-01 |title=Nyocha ethnobotanical nke osisi ọgwụ na ndịda ọwụwa anyanwụ Karoo, South Africa |journal=South African Journal of Botany |language=en |olu=74 | mbipụta=4 | peeji = 696 –704 |doi=10.1016/j.sajb.2008.05.001 |issn=0254-6299|doi-access=free }}</ref> gụnyere ethnobotany nke [[w:|Khoisan]]<ref>{{Cite akwụkwọ akụkọ | ikpeazụ1 =Mhlongo |nke mbụ1=L. S. | ikpeazụ2=Van Wyk |nke mbụ2=B. -E. |date=2019-05-01 |title=Ethnobotany ọgwụ Zulu: ihe ndekọ ọhụrụ sitere na mpaghara Amandawe nke KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa |journal=South African Journal of Botany |usoro=Ethnobotany |asụsụ=en |olu=122 | ibe =266–290 |doi=10.1016/j.sajb.2019.02.012 |s2cid=146062047 |issn=0254-6299|doi-access=free}}</ref> na [[w:|Afrikaners]] sitere na Western Cape.<ref>{{Cite akwụkwọ akụkọ | ikpeazụ=van Wyk | nke mbụ=B. -E. | ụbọchị = 2008-10-28 | aha = Nyochaa nke Khoi-San na Cape Dutch Medical ethnobotany |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S037887410800398X |journal=Journal of Ethnopharmacology | Usoro =Ethnobotany na South Africa |asụsụ = en | mpịakọta = 119 | mbipụta = 3 | ibe = 331–341 |doi=10.1016/j.jep.2008.07.021 |pmid=18703129 |issn=0378-8741}}</ref><ref>{{Cite akwụkwọ | ikpeazụ=Van Wyk |first=Ben-Erik |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/43265207 |title= Osisi ndị mmadụ: ntuziaka maka osisi bara uru nke South Africa | ụbọchị = 2000 | onye mbipụta = Briza Publications | ndị ọzọ = Nigel Gericke |isbn=1-875093-19-2 | mbipụta = 1st | ebe = Pretoria, South Africa |oclc=43265207}}</ref> Ọ na-etinyekwa aka na njikwa mma na mmepe ngwaahịa [[w: Traditional African Medicine | osisi ọgwụ]] na mmepe ihe ọkụkụ.<ref>{{Cite book | last=Van Wyk |first=Ben-Erik |url=https:/ /www.worldcat.org/oclc/38101658 | aha = Osisi ọgwụ nke South Africa | ụbọchị = 1997 | onye nkwusa = Briza Publications | ndị ọzọ = Bosch Van Oudtshoorn, Nigel Gericke |isbn=1-875093-09-5 | mbipụta = nke mbụ |location=Pretoria |oclc=38101658}}</ref><ref>{{Ce akwụkwọ | last1=Wyk |first1=Ben-Erik van |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UAitDwAAQBAJ&dq = ozi:59Z4m1wHRnIJ:scholar.google.com&pg=PA3 |title= Osisi Ọgwụ nke Ụwa | ikpeazụ2=Wink |first2=Michael |date=2018-10-31 |Onye nkwusa=CABI |isbn=978-1-78639-325 -8 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal | last=van Wyk |first=B. -E. | ụbọchị = 2008-10-28 | aha = Nlebanya sara mbara nke ahịhịa ọgwụ ndị dị na South Africa dị mkpa maka azụmahịa |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378874108002808 |journal=Journal of Ethnopharmacology | Usoro= Ethnobotany na South Africa |asụsụ = en | mpịakọta = 119 | mbipụta = 3 | ibe = 342–355 |doi=10.1016/j.jep.2008.05.029 |pmid=18577439 |issn=0378-8741}}</ref><ref>{{Cite akwụkwọ akụkọ | ikpeazụ=Van Wyk | nke mbụ=B. -E. |date=2011-10-01 |title=Ike nke ihe ọkụkụ South Africa nwere n’ịkwalite ngwaahịa ọgwụ ọhụrụ |journal=South African Journal of Botany | usoro = Okwu pụrụ iche na Botany Economic | asụsụ = en | olu = 77 | mbipụta = 4 | ibe = 812–829 |doi=10.1016/j.sajb.2011.08.011 |issn=0254-6299|doi-access=free }}</ref> Site na foto dị narị isii na-akpali akpali nke ihe karịrị mkpara akwụkwọ dị otu narị na iri abụọ, ngwa nri, na ụtọ nke Van Wyk chịkọtara site n'ebe dị anya; akwụkwọ ya <ref>{{Cite book |last=Wyk |first=Ben-Erik van |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WEPbAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA36 |title=Culinary Herbs and Spices of the World |date=2014-09-26 |publisher=University of Chicago Press |isbn=978-0-226-09183-9 |language=en}}</ref> dugara anyị njem nchọta site na Etiopia gaa China.<ref>{{Cite web | ikpeazụ=Dugmore |first=Heather |title=Melite ihe ọmụma gị na herbs |url=https://www.iol.co.za /lifestyle/nri-aṅụ/nri-ọmụma-gi-on-herbs-1620174 | nweta-date=2022-12-27 |webụsaịtị=www.iol.co.za |asụsụ=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web | ikpeazụ=Heathcock |first=Kit |date=2022-06-17 |title=SCENTS & SENSIBILITY: Atọ fynbos – ichọgharị ahịhịa nri ụmụ amaala South Africa |url=https://www. dailymaverick.co.za/article/2022-06-17-a-atọ-nke-fynbos-exploring-south-africas-indigenous-culinary-herbs/ | nweta-date=2022-12-27 |website=Daily Maverick | language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news | last=Fabricant |first=Florence |date=2014-02-11 |title=Klas isi nri, akwụkwọ ahịhịa na akwụkwọ pụrụ iche |language=en -US | ọrụ = New York Times | url = https://www.nytimes.com/2014/02/12/dining/a-cooking-class-an-herb-book-and-a-special-cod. html | nweta-ụbọchị = 2022-12-27 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> Van Wyk so na òtù dị iche iche, gụnyere '' Aloe Council of South Africa '' (Chair), [[w:|American Society of Plant Taxonomists]], [[w:|Botanical Society of America]], the Indigenous Plant Use Forum. (Onye isi oche kemgbe afọ 1996),<ref>{{Cite web | ikpeazụ=Johannesburg |first=University of |title=Ihe kpatara na mkpụrụ osisi Africa nwere ike ịgbakwunye nri protein dị ala |url=https://phys.org/news/2021- 07-wild-african-fruits-supplement-protein.html |access-date=2022-12-27 |website=phys.org |asụsụ=en}}</ref> [[w:|Association for African Medicinal Plant Standards]], ''Briza Publications CC'', na ''Presidential Task Team on African Traditional Medicine''.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Harvard University Herbaria & Libraries |url=https://kiki.huh.harvard .edu/databases/botanist_search.php?mode=details&id=11671 |access-date=2022-12-27 |webụsaịtị=kiki.huh.harvard.edu |language=en}}</ref><ref name=": 2">{{Cite web |title=Van Wyk Ben-Erik {{!}} The AAS |url=https://www.aasciences.africa/fellow/van-wyk-ben-erik |access-date=2022-12-27 |website=www.aasciences.africa |archive-date=2022-12-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221227150421/https://www.aasciences.africa/fellow/van-wyk-ben-erik |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Ben-Erik van Wyk - Prọfesọ nke Botany |url=https://app.ckbk.com/people/ben-erik-van-wyk |access-date= 2022-12-27 |website=app.ckbk.com |language=en}}</ref> Ọ bụ onye òtù ndị nchịkọta akụkọ nke [[w:|South African Journal of Botany]], akwụkwọ akụkọ Official nke ''South Africa. Association of Botanists''.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Editorial board - South African Journal of Botany {{!}} ScienceDirect.com nke Elsevier |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/south-african -journal-of-botany/about/editorial-board | nweta-date=2022-12-27 | webụsaịtị = www.sciencedirect.com}}</ref> === Ihe Nrite na Nkwanye Ùgwù Ya === Van Wyk anatala ọtụtụ ihe nrite, gụnyere '' Schlich Medal '' n'afọ 1980, '' FRD President's Award '' n'afọ 1991, '' [[w:|Havenga prize]] '' maka Biology sitere na [[w:|Suid-Afrikaanse Akademie]]. [[w:vir Wetenskap en Kuns|South African Academy of Science and Art Award]] n'afọ 2006, ihe nrite ''Silver Medal'' sitere na [[w:|South African Association of Botanists]] n'afọ 2007,<ref>{{Cite web |date=2018- 08-11 | aha = Ndị nnata ihe nrite SAAB |url=https://sabotanyblog.wordpress.com/saab-awards-recipients/ |access-date=2022-12-27 |website=South African Association of Botanists |asụsụ=en }}</ref> na ''Medal of Honor'' sitere na ngalaba nke sayensị okike na teknụzụ nke South Africa Academy of Science and Art n'afọ 2011.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":3" /> A họpụtara Van Wyk ka ọ bụrụ onye òtù [[w:|African Academy of Sciences]] n'afọ 2013.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web | title=Van Wyk Ben-Erik {{!}} The AAS | url=https://www.aasciences.africa/fellow/van-wyk-ben-erik | nweta-date=2022-12-27 | webụsaịtị=www.aasciences.africa | Archive-date=2022-12-27 | Archive- url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221227150421/https://www.aasciences.africa/fellow/van-wyk-ben-erik | url-status=dead | accessdate=2023-12-11 | archivedate=2022-12-27 | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20221227150421/https://www.aasciences.africa/fellow/van-wyk-ben-erik }}</ref> === Akwụkwọ Ndị O bipụtara === {{Scholia}} Van Wyk edeela ihe karịrị narị akụkọ abụọ na akwụkwọ akụkọ sayensị, ma soro dee [[w:Botanical Names| Aha osisi]] karịri otu narị na iri asatọ ya na nkọwa ya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ndị wakporo na ụmụ amaala: Ndewo aloe |url=https://southcoastherald.co.za/211948/invasives-and-natives-hello-aloe/ |access-date= 2022-12-27 |website=South Coast Herald |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Uys |first=Fredalette |title=Vrae oor bestuursplan vir bitteraalwyn, heuningbos |url =https://www.landbou.com/landbou/bedrywe/tuinbou/vrae-oor-bestuursplan-vir-bitteraalwyn-heuningbos-20220926 | nweta-ụbọchị = 2022-12-27 | webụsaịtị = Landbou | asụsụ = af-ZA }}</ref> E bipụtala ha n'asụsụ Afrikaans, German, Polish na Korean, na mgbakwunye mbipụta ya n'asụsụ Bekee.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":2" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Ben-Erik van Wyk |url=https://press.uchicago.edu/ucp/books/author/V/B/au16940314.html | nweta-date=2022-12 -27 |website=Mahadum Chicago Press |asụsụ=en}}</ref> {{botanist|B.-E.van Wyk}} === Edensibia === {{Reflist}} === Njikọ Mpụga === {{Wikispecies}} * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u8gp6N9bJ78 Medicinal plants] with Prof Ben-Erik van Wyk - YouTube {{authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:van Wyk, Ben-Erik}} [[Category: Ndị òtù African Academy of Sciences]] [[Category: Ndị ọkachamara sayensị si mba South Africa]] [[Category: Ndị amụrụ n'afọ 1956]] [[Category: Ndị dị ndụ]] [[Category: Ndị gụchara akwụkwọ na Mahadum Johannesburg]] [[Category: Ndị ọrụ nkụzi na Mahadum ohannesburg]] [[Category: Ndị ọkachamara na Botany si mba South Africa]] [[Category:21st-century South African botanists]] pznz2xh04fh9pyx23fuxckjjs9tq6ws 0 34591 644435 147069 2026-05-30T23:55:56Z Iwuala chisom 17246 Fixed reference errors 644435 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''[[w:Suad Sulieman|Suad Suleiman]] ('''[[Arabic]]: س'''عاد سليمان)''' bụ onye gụrụ [[w:|parasitology]]si mba Sudan. O depụtala ọtụtụ akwụkwọ n'ime ngalaba ya. Ọ na-arụsi ọrụ ike n'ịlebany Tye anya na nsogbu ahụike dị iche iche dịka onye òtù [[w:|Sudanese National Academy of Sciences (SNAS)]] <ref>{{Cite web |title=Suad Sulaiman: “Ịmara ihe mere COVID-19, anyị chọrọ iji lụso ọrịa ọgụ enwe ike.” {{!}} FEAM |url=https://www.feam.eu/suad-sulaiman-knowing-ihe-mere-na-covid-19-we-meed-to-meal-with-monkeypox-seriously/ | access-date=2023-12-02 |webụsaịtị=www.feam.eu}}</ref> Suad ji ọrụ onye nchekwa ego na [[w:|Sudanese National Academy of Sciences]], nke e hiwere n'Ọgọst 2005 site na mkpokọta ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị si mba [[w:Sudan | Sudan]].<ref>{{Cite journal | ikpeazụ=Nordling |first=Linda | ụbọchị = 2019-03-11 | aha = ọkà mmụta mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa Sudan ama ama n'azụ ụlọ mkpọrọ maka ọchịchị na-emegide |url=https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2019/03/renowned-sudanese-geneticist-behind-bars-opposing- ọchịchị |journal=Science |doi=10.1126/science.aax2972 |issn=0036-8075}}</ref> === Ọrụ Ya Dịka Onye Gụrụ Akwụkwọ === O jiiri ọkwá onye inyeaka Dean for Academic Issues, Kọleeji Nile, ọkammụta nnyocha ihe ọmụmụ na onye ndu, Ministri n'ahụ maka sayensị na Ịwepụta ihe ọhụrụ ; Onye nkuzi nnyocha na onye isi òtù [[W:|Tropical Medication Exploration Organization]], Ụlọ nnyocha Ọdịmma Ọha; Kedu ihe ọzọ, bụ ugbu a onye ndụmọdụ ahụike na ihu igwe kwụụrụ onwe ya. O gosipụtara omume ọma na nyocha, nkà ihe ọmụma nyocha, nyocha igbu mmadụ, ọgwụ obodo, na parasitology ụlọ ọgwụ nye ụmụ akwụkwọ kọleji ndị ka na-agụ na ndị gụsịrịla akwụkwọ. Ọkammụta Suad bụụrụ osote onye isi nke [[w:|Sudanese Climate Protection Society]], na onye sitere na [[w:| National Bio Safety and Advisory Committee]], Higher Gathering for Climate. Ọ nọdụrụ na kọmitii National steering nke [[w:|Nile Basin Discourse, Sudan forum]], bụrụkwa onye ndụmọdụ gbasara nnyocha ahụike, UNESCO seat for women in Science and Innovation, Sudan. Ugbua, ọ bụ òtù kọmitii ezege nke [[w:|Sudanese National Academy of Sciences]], ma bụrụ onye isi ntụziaka nnyocha, [[w:|Sudan Medical Heritage Foundation]]. Ọ na-eje ozi na Board of Trustees nke Haggar Charity Foundation, Khartoum.<ref name=":0">{Cite web |title=Professor Suad Sulaiman |url=http://worldscienceforum.org/participants/sulaiman-suad-53486 |access-date=2023-12-13 |website=World Science Forum}}</ref> == Edensibia == {{reflist}} {{authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Sulaiman, Suad}} {{Sudan-scientist-stub}} [[Category: Ndị ọkachamara sayensị si mba Sudan]] [[Category: Ndị dị ndụ]] [[Category:Parasitologists]] [[Category:21st-century biologists]] t8ja9vg00gq30dfln3l31izxv4pp337 0 34598 644472 144439 2026-05-31T03:57:28Z Goodymeraj 16207 Fixed reference error 644472 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Bobby Stanley Pons''' (amụrụ n'August 23, 1943) bụ onye America na-ahụ maka electrochemist nke a maara maka ọrụ ya na Martin Fleischmann na oyi fusion na 1980s na 1990s.<ref>[http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/421667/nuclear-fusion/259125/Cold-fusion-and-bubble-fusion#ref917674 "Nuclear fusion"], ''Encyclopædia Britannica'', 2011, accessed May 6, 2011.</ref> == Oge ọ malitere == A mụrụ Pons na Valdese, North Carolina. Ọ gara ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị Valdese, wee gaa Mahadum Wake Forest na Winston-Salem, North Carolina, ebe ọ gụrụ kemistri. Ọ malitere ọmụmụ PhD na kemistri na Mahadum Michigan dị na Ann Arbor, mana ọ hapụrụ tupu ya emechaa PhD. Ngụsị akwụkwọ ya rụpụtara akwụkwọ, nke jikọtara ya na Harry B. Mark, onye ndụmọdụ ya n'afọ 1967. Akwụkwọ akụkọ New York Times dere na ọ sụrụ ụzọ ụzọ iji tụọ ụdị mmeghachi omume kemịkal dị n'elu electrode. <ref name="broad">{{Cite news|title=Brilliance and Recklessness Seen in Fusion Collaboration|author=William J. Broad|date=1989-05-09|work=[[The New York Times]]|url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=950DE4DA163CF93AA35756C0A96F948260&sec=&spon=&pagewanted=all}}</ref>. O kpebiri ịmecha PhD ya na England na Mahadum Southampton, ebe ọ zutere Martin Fleischmann n'afo 1975. Pons bụ nwa akwụkwọ n'òtù Alan Bewick; ọ nwetara PhD ya n'afọ 1978. <ref name="broad" /> == Ọrụ == Na Machị 23, 1989, mgbe Pons bụ onyeisi oche nke ngalaba kemịkal na Mahadum Utah, <ref name="broad" /> ya na Fleischmann kwupụtara mmepụta nnwale nke "N-Fusion", nke a kpọrọ ngwa ngwa site na njikọ oyi. <ref>{{Cite journal|author=Fleischmann|first=M|authorlink=Martin Fleischmann|title=Electrochemically induced nuclear fusion of deuterium|journal=[[J. Electroanal. Chem.]]|year=1989|volume=261|pages=301|doi=10.1016/0022-0728(89)80006-3|issue=2}}</ref> Mgbe obere oge nke otuto ọha <ref name="shamoo" /> eze gasịrị, ọtụtụ narị ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị nwara imepụta mmetụta ahụ mana ha adaghị. <ref>{{Cite book|title=Cultural Boundaries of Science: Credibility on the Line|author=Thomas F. Gieryn|edition=illustrated|editor=[[University of Chicago Press]]|year=1999|isbn=0-226-29262-2|pages=[https://archive.org/details/culturalboundari0000gier/page/ https://books.google.com/books?id=GljD3CHbDx0C&pg=PA204 204]|url=https://archive.org/details/culturalboundari0000gier/page/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|title=Draw the Lightning Down: Benjamin Franklin and Electrical Technology in the Age of Enlightenment|author=Michael B. Schiffer|edition=illustrated|editor=[[University of California Press]]|year=2003|isbn=0-520-23802-8|pages=[https://books.google.com/books?id=9TuH6Lg8IasC&pg=PA207 207]}}</ref> achọpụtara <ref>{{Cite book|title=Science, Reason, and Rhetoric|author=Henry Krips|edition=illustrated|editor=[[University of Pittsburgh Press]]|year=1995|isbn=0-8229-3912-6|pages=[https://books.google.com/books?id=FfWUte2S3Y0C&pg=PR16 xvi]}}</ref> nkwupụta ahụ enweghị ike imegharị, ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị kpebiri na nkwupụta ndị ahụ ezughi oke na ezughi ezi. [1] [2] <ref name="shamoo">{{Cite book|title=Responsible Conduct of Research|author=Adil E. Shamoo|edition=2, illustrated|editor=[[Oxford University Press]] US|year=2003|isbn=0-19-514846-0}}</ref> <ref name="Bad">{{Cite book|author=Taubes, Gary|authorlink=Gary Taubes|title=Bad science: the short life and weird times of cold fusion|url=https://archive.org/details/badscienceshortl0000taub|publisher=Random House|location=New York|year=1993|pages=[https://archive.org/details/badscienceshortl0000taub/page/6 6]|isbn=0-394-58456-2}}</ref> <ref name="simon">{{Cite book|title=Undead Science: Science Studies and the Afterlife of Cold Fusion|author=Bart Simon|edition=illustrated|editor=[[Rutgers University Press]]|year=2002|isbn=0-8135-3154-3}}</ref> Pons kwagara France na 1992, ya na Fleischmann, ịrụ ọrụ na ụlọ nyocha Toyota kwadoro. Ụlọ nyocha ahụ mechiri <ref name="PW">{{Cite journal|author=Voss|first=D|title=What Ever Happened to Cold Fusion|journal=Physics World|date=1999-03-01|volume=12|issue=3|pages=12–14|doi=10.1088/2058-7058/12/3/14}}</ref> 1998 mgbe itinye ego nyocha £ 12 nde na-enweghị nsonaazụ doro anya. <ref name="platt">{{Cite news|author=Platt|first=Charles|title=What if Cold Fusion is Real?|work=[[Wired Magazine]]|url=https://www.wired.com/wired/archive/6.11/coldfusion.html?pg=1&topic=&topic_set=|accessdate=2008-05-25}}</ref> hapụrụ nwa amaala US ya [1] wee ghọọ nwa amaala France. <ref name="wapo">{{Cite news|work=[[Washington Post]]|title=Warming Up to Cold Fusion|first=Sharon|author=Weinberger|date=2004-11-21|page=W22|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A54964-2004Nov16.html}} (page 2 of online version)</ref> == Edensibia == {{Reflist|2}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] cvj8ffj2gn0sg05ix8kb8e0i6fmvidc 0 34893 644405 145224 2026-05-30T23:10:17Z Sylvaline39 15355 Fixed reference error 644405 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Nke a bụ usoro iheomume nke [[Nka na Uzu|teknụzụ]] nyocha okpomọkụ na nrụgide ma ọ bụ akụkọ ihe mere eme nke nyocha okpompe na teknụzụ nhazi nrụgide. == Usoro iheomume == === Afọ 1500 === * <ref>Vincenzo Viviani (1654) ''Racconto istorico della vita del Sig.^r Galileo Galilei''</ref>-1593 - Galileo Galili wuru ngwaọrụ na-egosi ọdịiche nke okpomọkụ a maara dị ka thermoscope site na iji mkpirisi ikuku iji dọrọ mmiri n'elu tube. === Afọ 1600 === * 1612 - Santorio Sanctorius mere thermometer mbụ maka ọgwụgwọ. * 1617 - Giuseppe Biancani bipụtara eserese mbụ doro anya nke thermoscope * - Okwu thermometer (n'ụdị French ya) pụtara na mbụ na La Récréation Mathématique nke Jean Leurechon, onye kọwara otu na ogo 8. * 1629 - Joseph Solomon Delmedigo kọwara n'akwụkwọ thermometer ziri ezi nke nwere iko na-eji brandy eme ihe * 1638 - Robert Fludd bụ thermoscope mbụ na-egosi ihe ọ̀tụ̀tụ̀ ma si otú a mepụta thermometer. * 1643 - Evangelista Torricelli mepụtara mercury barometer * 1654 - Ferdinando II de 'Medici, Grand Duke nke Tuscany, mere ka tubes mechiri emechi jupụta na mmanya, ya na bulb na ogwe, thermometer nke oge a, dabere na mgbasa nke mmiri, na-enweghị nrụgide ikuku <ref name=B>{{cite book|last=Benedict|first=Robert P|title=Fundamentals of Temperature, Pressure, and Flow Measurements|publisher=Wiley|year=1984|pages=4–5|isbn=978-0-471-89383-7}}</ref> * <ref>[[Henry Carrington Bolton]] (1900): [https://archive.org/stream/evolutionoftherm00boltrich#page/12/mode/2up ''Evolution of the thermometer 1592–1743.''] The Chemical pub. co., Easton, Pennsylvania. pp. 25-78.</ref> - Honoré Fabri tụrụ aro iji ihe ọ̀tụ̀tụ̀ okpomọkụ site n'ikewa n'ime akụkụ 8 hà nhata oge dị n'etiti "oké okpomọkụ nke oge okpomọkụ" na snow na-agbaze. * <ref>{{Cite journal|author=Wright|first=William F.|date=February 2016|title=Early evolution of the thermometer and application to clinical medicine|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jtherbio.2015.12.003|journal=Journal of Thermal Biology|volume=56|pages=18–30|doi=10.1016/j.jtherbio.2015.12.003|pmid=26857973|issn=0306-4565}}</ref> ruo 1679 - Edme Mariotte mere nnwale nke dị n'okpuru French Academy of Science's Paris Observatory, na-akpata nkwenye sara mbara nke okpomọkụ nke ime ala dị omimi dị ka ebe a na-ejighị n'aka, kama snow ma ọ bụ ebe mmiri na-ajụ oyi. * <ref>{{Cite book|author=Borelli|first=Giovanni Alfonso|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/851779618|title=On the Movement of Animals|date=1989|publisher=Springer Berlin Heidelberg|isbn=978-3-642-73812-8|location=Berlin, Heidelberg|chapter=Proposition XCVI: Respiration was not instituted to cool and ventilate the flame and heat of the heart.|oclc=851779618}}</ref> - Giovanni Alfonso Borelli bipụtara ''De motu animalium'' ["On the movements of animals"] kọrọ na okpomọkụ nke ọbara n'ime mgbada a na-akpọ vivisected bụ otu ihe ahụ na ventricle aka ekpe nke obi, imeju, akpa ume na eriri afọ. * <ref name=":0">{{Cite book|author=Middleton|first=W. E. Knowles|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/413443|title=A history of the thermometer and its use in meteorology|date=1966|publisher=Johns Hopkins Press|isbn=0-8018-7153-0|location=Baltimore|pages=57–59|oclc=413443}}</ref> - Joachim Dalencé tụrụ aro iwu thermometer site na ịkewa n'ime ogo 20 hà nhata oge dị n'etiti mmiri oyi na bọta na-agbaze, mgbe ahụ na-agbakwunye ogo 4 n'elu na ala. * 1695 - Guillaume Amontons meziwanyere thermometer. === Afọ 1700 === * 1701 - Newton bipụtara n'amaghị aha usoro iji chọpụta ọnụego nke okpomọkụ nke ahụ ma webata ihe ọ̀tụ̀tụ̀, nke nwere ogo 0 na-anọchite anya ebe mmiri na-ajụ oyi, na ogo 12 maka okpomọkụ ahụ mmadụ. <ref name=":0">{{Cite book|author=Middleton|first=W. E. Knowles|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/413443|title=A history of the thermometer and its use in meteorology|date=1966|publisher=Johns Hopkins Press|isbn=0-8018-7153-0|location=Baltimore|pages=57–59|oclc=413443}}<cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFMiddleton1966">Middleton, W. E. Knowles (1966). [https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/413443 ''A history of the thermometer and its use in meteorology'']. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins Press. pp.&nbsp;57–59. [[ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Ihe pụrụ iche:BookSources/0-8018-7153-0|<bdi>0-8018-7153-0</bdi>]]. [[OCLC (ihe njirimara)|OCLC]]&nbsp;[https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/413443 413443].</cite></ref> jiri mmanụ linseed dị ka mmiri na-ekpo ọkụ. * 1701 - Ole Christensen Rømer mere otu n'ime Thermometers mbụ bara uru. Dị ka ihe na-egosi okpomọkụ, ọ na-eji mmanya uhie. (Rømer scale), Ọnọdụ okpomọkụ eji eme ihe maka thermometer ya nwere 0 na-anọchite anya okpomọkụ nke nnu na ice (ihe dị ka 259 s). * 1709 - Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit rụrụ alcohol thermometers nke nwere ike imegharị (ya bụ abụọ ga-enye otu okpomọkụ) * 1714 - Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit mepụtara thermometer mercury-in-glass na-enye nkọwa dị ukwuu (4 x nke Rømer). <ref name="Fahrenheit">[[Henry Carrington Bolton]] (1800): [https://archive.org/stream/evolutionoftherm00boltrich#page/60/mode/2up ''Evolution of the thermometer 1592–1743.''] The Chemical pub. co., Easton, Pennsylvania. pp. 60-79.</ref>'iji akara efu nke Rømer na ebe elu nke okpomọkụ ọbara, ọ gbanwere ọ̀tụ̀tụ̀ ahụ ka ebe ice na-agbaze dị 32 na ebe elu 96, nke pụtara na enwere ike inweta ọdịiche nke 64 site na ịkewa oge ahụ na 2 ugboro ugboro. * 1731 - René Antoine Ferchault de Réaumur mepụtara ihe ọ̀tụ̀tụ̀ nke 0 na-anọchite anya ebe mmiri na-ajụ oyi na 80 na-anọchi anya ebe ọ na-esi. A họọrọ nke a ka ngwakọta mmanya ya gbasaa akụkụ 80 kwa puku. <ref name="Celsius">[[Henry Carrington Bolton]] (1800): [https://archive.org/stream/evolutionoftherm00boltrich#page/79/mode/2up ''Evolution of the thermometer 1592–1743.''] The Chemical pub. co., Easton, Pennsylvania. pp. 79-87.</ref> tụleghị nrụgide. * 1738 - Daniel Bernoulli kwusiri ike na Hydrodynamics ụkpụrụ na ka ọsọ nke mmiri na-agagharị agagharị na-abawanye, nrụgide n'ime mmiri ahụ na-ebelata. (Echiche kinetics) * <ref name="Celsius" /> - Anders Celsius tụrụ aro ọ̀tụ̀tụ̀ okpomọkụ nke 100 na-anọchite anya okpomọkụ ice na-agbaze agbaze na 0 na-anọchi anya ebe mmiri na-esi ísì na 25 sentimita na ahịrị 3 nke ịdị elu nke mercury. <ref>{{Cite book|author=Middleton|first=W. E. Knowles|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/413443|title=A history of the thermometer and its use in meteorology|date=1966|publisher=Johns Hopkins Press|isbn=0-8018-7153-0|location=Baltimore|pages=95|oclc=413443}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal|author=Köhler|first=Hilding|authorlink=Hilding Köhler|date=1944|title=Unknown|journal=Kungl. Vetenskapssamhällets i Uppsala årsbok|pages=111}}</ref> kwekọrọ na 751.16 mm, [1] nke mere na nkọwa nke oge a, ebe a na-esi ísì bụ 99.67 degrees Celsius. [2]&nbsp; * <ref name="Celsius" /> - Jean-Pierre Christin rụrụ ọrụ n'onwe ya na Celsius ma mepụta ihe ọ̀tụ̀tụ̀ ebe efu na-anọchite anya ebe ice na-agbaze na 100 na-anọchi anya ebe ọ na-esi ísì ma ọ kọwaghị nrụgide. * 1744 - Carl Linnaeus tụrụ aro ịgbanwe okpomọkụ nke Anders Celsius ka 0 wee nọchite anya ebe mmiri na-ajụ oyi na 100 na-anọchite anya ebe ọ na-esi. * 1782 - James Isii mepụtara Maximum minimum thermometerOkpomọkụ kacha nta === Afọ 1800 === * 1821 — Thomas Johann Seebeck invents the thermocouple * 1844 — Lucien Vidi invents the aneroid Barograph<ref name="r1">{{Cite book|author=Louis Figuier|title=L'Année scientifique et industrielle|url=https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_Cus0AAAAMAAJ|year=1867|publisher=L. Hachette et cie.|pages=[https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_Cus0AAAAMAAJ/page/n495 485]–486}}</ref> * 1845 — Francis Ronalds invents the first successful Barograph based on photography<ref>{{Cite book|title=Sir Francis Ronalds: Father of the Electric Telegraph|author=Ronalds|first=B.F.|publisher=Imperial College Press|year=2016|isbn=978-1-78326-917-4|location=London}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|author=Ronalds|first=B.F.|date=2016|title=The Beginnings of Continuous Scientific Recording using Photography: Sir Francis Ronalds' Contribution|url=http://www.eshph.org/blog/2016/04/19/1642/|journal=European Society for the History of Photography|accessdate=2 June 2016}}</ref> * 1848 — Lord Kelvin (William Thomson) – Kelvin scale, in his paper, ''On an Absolute Thermometric Scale'' * 1849 — Eugène Bourdon – Bourdon_gauge (manometer) * 1849 — Henri Victor Regnault – Hypsometer * 1864 — Henri Becquerel suggests an optical pyrometer * 1866 — Thomas Clifford Allbutt invented a clinical thermometer that produced a body temperature reading in five minutes as opposed to twenty. * 1871 — William Siemens describes the Resistance thermometer at the Bakerian Lecture * 1874 — Herbert McLeod invents the McLeod gauge * 1885 — [[Calender-Van Duesen]] invented the platinum resistance temperature device * 1887 — Richard Assmann invents the psychrometer (Wet and Dry Bulb Thermometers) * 1892 — Henri-Louis Le Châtelier builds the first optical pyrometer * 1896 — Samuel Siegfried Karl Ritter von Basch introduced the Sphygmomanometer to measure blood pressure === Afọ 1900 === * 1906 - Marcello Pirani - Pirani gauge (iji tụọ nrụgide na usoro ikuku) * 1915 - [[J.C. Stevens]] - Chart recorder (nke mbụ na-edekọ chaatị maka nlekota gburugburu ebe obibi) * 1924 - Irving Langmuir - Nnyocha Langmuir (iji tụọ parameters plasma) * 1930 - Samuel Ruben mepụtara thermistor == Hụkwa == * Akụkọ banyere okpomọkụ nke thermodynamic * Usoro oge nke teknụzụ injin okpomọkụ * Ndepụta nke oge == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} tcg031lwjdb43fbp7m9etqf5fi4dtr7 644406 644405 2026-05-30T23:12:44Z Sylvaline39 15355 Fixed reference error 644406 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Nke a bụ usoro iheomume nke [[Nka na Uzu|teknụzụ]] nyocha okpomọkụ na nrụgide ma ọ bụ akụkọ ihe mere eme nke nyocha okpompe na teknụzụ nhazi nrụgide. == Usoro iheomume == === Afọ 1500 === * <ref>Vincenzo Viviani (1654) ''Racconto istorico della vita del Sig.^r Galileo Galilei''</ref>-1593 - Galileo Galili wuru ngwaọrụ na-egosi ọdịiche nke okpomọkụ a maara dị ka thermoscope site na iji mkpirisi ikuku iji dọrọ mmiri n'elu tube. === Afọ 1600 === * 1612 - Santorio Sanctorius mere thermometer mbụ maka ọgwụgwọ. * 1617 - Giuseppe Biancani bipụtara eserese mbụ doro anya nke thermoscope * - Okwu thermometer (n'ụdị French ya) pụtara na mbụ na La Récréation Mathématique nke Jean Leurechon, onye kọwara otu na ogo 8. * 1629 - Joseph Solomon Delmedigo kọwara n'akwụkwọ thermometer ziri ezi nke nwere iko na-eji brandy eme ihe * 1638 - Robert Fludd bụ thermoscope mbụ na-egosi ihe ọ̀tụ̀tụ̀ ma si otú a mepụta thermometer. * 1643 - Evangelista Torricelli mepụtara mercury barometer * 1654 - Ferdinando II de 'Medici, Grand Duke nke Tuscany, mere ka tubes mechiri emechi jupụta na mmanya, ya na bulb na ogwe, thermometer nke oge a, dabere na mgbasa nke mmiri, na-enweghị nrụgide ikuku <ref name=B>{{cite book|last=Benedict|first=Robert P|title=Fundamentals of Temperature, Pressure, and Flow Measurements|publisher=Wiley|year=1984|pages=4–5|isbn=978-0-471-89383-7}}</ref> * <ref>[[Henry Carrington Bolton]] (1900): [https://archive.org/stream/evolutionoftherm00boltrich#page/12/mode/2up ''Evolution of the thermometer 1592–1743.''] The Chemical pub. co., Easton, Pennsylvania. pp. 25-78.</ref> - Honoré Fabri tụrụ aro iji ihe ọ̀tụ̀tụ̀ okpomọkụ site n'ikewa n'ime akụkụ 8 hà nhata oge dị n'etiti "oké okpomọkụ nke oge okpomọkụ" na snow na-agbaze. * <ref>{{Cite journal|author=Wright|first=William F.|date=February 2016|title=Early evolution of the thermometer and application to clinical medicine|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jtherbio.2015.12.003|journal=Journal of Thermal Biology|volume=56|pages=18–30|doi=10.1016/j.jtherbio.2015.12.003|pmid=26857973|issn=0306-4565}}</ref> ruo 1679 - Edme Mariotte mere nnwale nke dị n'okpuru French Academy of Science's Paris Observatory, na-akpata nkwenye sara mbara nke okpomọkụ nke ime ala dị omimi dị ka ebe a na-ejighị n'aka, kama snow ma ọ bụ ebe mmiri na-ajụ oyi. * <ref>{{Cite book|author=Borelli|first=Giovanni Alfonso|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/851779618|title=On the Movement of Animals|date=1989|publisher=Springer Berlin Heidelberg|isbn=978-3-642-73812-8|location=Berlin, Heidelberg|chapter=Proposition XCVI: Respiration was not instituted to cool and ventilate the flame and heat of the heart.|oclc=851779618}}</ref> - Giovanni Alfonso Borelli bipụtara ''De motu animalium'' ["On the movements of animals"] kọrọ na okpomọkụ nke ọbara n'ime mgbada a na-akpọ vivisected bụ otu ihe ahụ na ventricle aka ekpe nke obi, imeju, akpa ume na eriri afọ. * <ref name=":0">{{Cite book|author=Middleton|first=W. E. Knowles|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/413443|title=A history of the thermometer and its use in meteorology|date=1966|publisher=Johns Hopkins Press|isbn=0-8018-7153-0|location=Baltimore|pages=57–59|oclc=413443}}</ref> - Joachim Dalencé tụrụ aro iwu thermometer site na ịkewa n'ime ogo 20 hà nhata oge dị n'etiti mmiri oyi na bọta na-agbaze, mgbe ahụ na-agbakwunye ogo 4 n'elu na ala. * 1695 - Guillaume Amontons meziwanyere thermometer. === Afọ 1700 === * 1701 - Newton bipụtara n'amaghị aha usoro iji chọpụta ọnụego nke okpomọkụ nke ahụ ma webata ihe ọ̀tụ̀tụ̀, nke nwere ogo 0 na-anọchite anya ebe mmiri na-ajụ oyi, na ogo 12 maka okpomọkụ ahụ mmadụ. <ref name=":0"/> jiri mmanụ linseed dị ka mmiri na-ekpo ọkụ. * 1701 - Ole Christensen Rømer mere otu n'ime Thermometers mbụ bara uru. Dị ka ihe na-egosi okpomọkụ, ọ na-eji mmanya uhie. (Rømer scale), Ọnọdụ okpomọkụ eji eme ihe maka thermometer ya nwere 0 na-anọchite anya okpomọkụ nke nnu na ice (ihe dị ka 259 s). * 1709 - Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit rụrụ alcohol thermometers nke nwere ike imegharị (ya bụ abụọ ga-enye otu okpomọkụ) * 1714 - Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit mepụtara thermometer mercury-in-glass na-enye nkọwa dị ukwuu (4 x nke Rømer). <ref name="Fahrenheit">[[Henry Carrington Bolton]] (1800): [https://archive.org/stream/evolutionoftherm00boltrich#page/60/mode/2up ''Evolution of the thermometer 1592–1743.''] The Chemical pub. co., Easton, Pennsylvania. pp. 60-79.</ref>'iji akara efu nke Rømer na ebe elu nke okpomọkụ ọbara, ọ gbanwere ọ̀tụ̀tụ̀ ahụ ka ebe ice na-agbaze dị 32 na ebe elu 96, nke pụtara na enwere ike inweta ọdịiche nke 64 site na ịkewa oge ahụ na 2 ugboro ugboro. * 1731 - René Antoine Ferchault de Réaumur mepụtara ihe ọ̀tụ̀tụ̀ nke 0 na-anọchite anya ebe mmiri na-ajụ oyi na 80 na-anọchi anya ebe ọ na-esi. A họọrọ nke a ka ngwakọta mmanya ya gbasaa akụkụ 80 kwa puku. <ref name="Celsius">[[Henry Carrington Bolton]] (1800): [https://archive.org/stream/evolutionoftherm00boltrich#page/79/mode/2up ''Evolution of the thermometer 1592–1743.''] The Chemical pub. co., Easton, Pennsylvania. pp. 79-87.</ref> tụleghị nrụgide. * 1738 - Daniel Bernoulli kwusiri ike na Hydrodynamics ụkpụrụ na ka ọsọ nke mmiri na-agagharị agagharị na-abawanye, nrụgide n'ime mmiri ahụ na-ebelata. (Echiche kinetics) * <ref name="Celsius" /> - Anders Celsius tụrụ aro ọ̀tụ̀tụ̀ okpomọkụ nke 100 na-anọchite anya okpomọkụ ice na-agbaze agbaze na 0 na-anọchi anya ebe mmiri na-esi ísì na 25 sentimita na ahịrị 3 nke ịdị elu nke mercury. <ref>{{Cite book|author=Middleton|first=W. E. Knowles|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/413443|title=A history of the thermometer and its use in meteorology|date=1966|publisher=Johns Hopkins Press|isbn=0-8018-7153-0|location=Baltimore|pages=95|oclc=413443}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal|author=Köhler|first=Hilding|authorlink=Hilding Köhler|date=1944|title=Unknown|journal=Kungl. Vetenskapssamhällets i Uppsala årsbok|pages=111}}</ref> kwekọrọ na 751.16 mm, [1] nke mere na nkọwa nke oge a, ebe a na-esi ísì bụ 99.67 degrees Celsius. [2]&nbsp; * <ref name="Celsius" /> - Jean-Pierre Christin rụrụ ọrụ n'onwe ya na Celsius ma mepụta ihe ọ̀tụ̀tụ̀ ebe efu na-anọchite anya ebe ice na-agbaze na 100 na-anọchi anya ebe ọ na-esi ísì ma ọ kọwaghị nrụgide. * 1744 - Carl Linnaeus tụrụ aro ịgbanwe okpomọkụ nke Anders Celsius ka 0 wee nọchite anya ebe mmiri na-ajụ oyi na 100 na-anọchite anya ebe ọ na-esi. * 1782 - James Isii mepụtara Maximum minimum thermometerOkpomọkụ kacha nta === Afọ 1800 === * 1821 — Thomas Johann Seebeck invents the thermocouple * 1844 — Lucien Vidi invents the aneroid Barograph<ref name="r1">{{Cite book|author=Louis Figuier|title=L'Année scientifique et industrielle|url=https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_Cus0AAAAMAAJ|year=1867|publisher=L. Hachette et cie.|pages=[https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_Cus0AAAAMAAJ/page/n495 485]–486}}</ref> * 1845 — Francis Ronalds invents the first successful Barograph based on photography<ref>{{Cite book|title=Sir Francis Ronalds: Father of the Electric Telegraph|author=Ronalds|first=B.F.|publisher=Imperial College Press|year=2016|isbn=978-1-78326-917-4|location=London}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|author=Ronalds|first=B.F.|date=2016|title=The Beginnings of Continuous Scientific Recording using Photography: Sir Francis Ronalds' Contribution|url=http://www.eshph.org/blog/2016/04/19/1642/|journal=European Society for the History of Photography|accessdate=2 June 2016}}</ref> * 1848 — Lord Kelvin (William Thomson) – Kelvin scale, in his paper, ''On an Absolute Thermometric Scale'' * 1849 — Eugène Bourdon – Bourdon_gauge (manometer) * 1849 — Henri Victor Regnault – Hypsometer * 1864 — Henri Becquerel suggests an optical pyrometer * 1866 — Thomas Clifford Allbutt invented a clinical thermometer that produced a body temperature reading in five minutes as opposed to twenty. * 1871 — William Siemens describes the Resistance thermometer at the Bakerian Lecture * 1874 — Herbert McLeod invents the McLeod gauge * 1885 — [[Calender-Van Duesen]] invented the platinum resistance temperature device * 1887 — Richard Assmann invents the psychrometer (Wet and Dry Bulb Thermometers) * 1892 — Henri-Louis Le Châtelier builds the first optical pyrometer * 1896 — Samuel Siegfried Karl Ritter von Basch introduced the Sphygmomanometer to measure blood pressure === Afọ 1900 === * 1906 - Marcello Pirani - Pirani gauge (iji tụọ nrụgide na usoro ikuku) * 1915 - [[J.C. Stevens]] - Chart recorder (nke mbụ na-edekọ chaatị maka nlekota gburugburu ebe obibi) * 1924 - Irving Langmuir - Nnyocha Langmuir (iji tụọ parameters plasma) * 1930 - Samuel Ruben mepụtara thermistor == Hụkwa == * Akụkọ banyere okpomọkụ nke thermodynamic * Usoro oge nke teknụzụ injin okpomọkụ * Ndepụta nke oge == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} obcjdkupbowu853kdtlu0h89vu8xed6 0 34941 644360 176641 2026-05-30T22:01:24Z Sayvhior 13464 Fixed reference errors 644360 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Vel.png|thumb|Vela]]Vela bụ ọrịa dị na mbara igwe ndịda, nke nwere Vela Supercluster .  Aha ya bụ Latin maka ụgbọ mmiri nke ụgbọ mmiri, ọ bụkwa ihe nke nnukwu m, ụgbọ mmiri Argo Navis, bụ nke e ezi kewaa ụzọ atọ, ndị ọzọ Carina na Puppis .  N'ihe dị ka 1.8, ndị na-esopụ ppụpụ bụ ndị na-acha ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ Gamma Velorum, otu ihe nke ya bụ Wolf-Rayet na mbara igwe.  Delta na Kappa Velorum, ya na Epsilon na Iota Carinae, na-etolite asterism a mara dị ka Cross-egosi.  1.95-magnitude Delta bụ n'ezie usoro usoro atọ ma ọ bụ quintuple. . <ref name="wagman">{{Cite book|author=Wagman|first=Morton|year=2003|title=Lost Stars: Lost, Missing and Troublesome Stars from the Catalogues of Johannes Bayer, Nicholas Louis de Lacaille, John Flamsteed, and Sundry Others|publisher=The McDonald & Woodward Publishing Company|location=Blacksburg, [[Virginia|VA]]|isbn=978-0-939923-78-6|pages=83, 315–19}}</ref>Argo Navis bụ otu n'ime ụzọ 48 oge gboo nke onye na-egosi mbara igwe nke mbụ afụ nke abụọ Ptolemy depụtara, ma nọchite anya ụgbọ mmiri Argo, nke Jason na Argonauts ji mee ihe n'ọchịchọ ha na-achọ Ahịhịa Ọlaedo na  oge ifo Gris .  Onye na-ese foto German bụ Johann Bayer mịji na Uranometria ya nke 1603, ma nye akwụkwọ Bayer aha site na Alfa ruo Omega.  Otú ọ dị, chaatị ya ụkpụrụ ezi n'ihi na a naghị ahụ ike ahụ anya site na Northern Hemisphere.<ref name="wagman" />Onye France na-ekiri mbara igwe bụ Nicolas Louis de Lacaille debere Argo nke ọma ma kewaa ya na 1752, na-akpụ Carina ( keel ), Vela (ịkpọ mmiri), na Puppis ( ebe a na-adzọba ọkwọ ).  N'agbanyeghị nkewa ahụ, Lacaille debere aha Argo's Bayer .  Ya mere. <ref name="pa30_469">{{Cite journal|author=Russell|first=Henry Norris|authorlink=Henry Norris Russell|title=The New International Symbols for the Constellations|journal=Popular Astronomy|volume=30|year=1922}}</ref>Vela dị n'ụdị Antlia na Pyxis n'ebe ugwu, Puppis n'ebe ugwu egwuregwu, Carina na ndịda na ndị na-afọ-unu, na Centaurus n'akpọrọ egwuregwu.  Na-ekpuchi ogo 500 square, ọ nọ n'ọkwa 32nd n'ime m eji 88 ọgbara ọhụrụ n'ogo.  Mbiri nke ụzọ atọ maka mmị, dị ka International Astronomical Union nakweere na 1922, bụ "Vel". === Kpakpando === jauak64bl9ij1kf19bkg9910iik38yx 644361 644360 2026-05-30T22:02:10Z Sayvhior 13464 /* Kpakpando */ 644361 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Vel.png|thumb|Vela]]Vela bụ ọrịa dị na mbara igwe ndịda, nke nwere Vela Supercluster .  Aha ya bụ Latin maka ụgbọ mmiri nke ụgbọ mmiri, ọ bụkwa ihe nke nnukwu m, ụgbọ mmiri Argo Navis, bụ nke e ezi kewaa ụzọ atọ, ndị ọzọ Carina na Puppis .  N'ihe dị ka 1.8, ndị na-esopụ ppụpụ bụ ndị na-acha ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ Gamma Velorum, otu ihe nke ya bụ Wolf-Rayet na mbara igwe.  Delta na Kappa Velorum, ya na Epsilon na Iota Carinae, na-etolite asterism a mara dị ka Cross-egosi.  1.95-magnitude Delta bụ n'ezie usoro usoro atọ ma ọ bụ quintuple. . <ref name="wagman">{{Cite book|author=Wagman|first=Morton|year=2003|title=Lost Stars: Lost, Missing and Troublesome Stars from the Catalogues of Johannes Bayer, Nicholas Louis de Lacaille, John Flamsteed, and Sundry Others|publisher=The McDonald & Woodward Publishing Company|location=Blacksburg, [[Virginia|VA]]|isbn=978-0-939923-78-6|pages=83, 315–19}}</ref>Argo Navis bụ otu n'ime ụzọ 48 oge gboo nke onye na-egosi mbara igwe nke mbụ afụ nke abụọ Ptolemy depụtara, ma nọchite anya ụgbọ mmiri Argo, nke Jason na Argonauts ji mee ihe n'ọchịchọ ha na-achọ Ahịhịa Ọlaedo na  oge ifo Gris .  Onye na-ese foto German bụ Johann Bayer mịji na Uranometria ya nke 1603, ma nye akwụkwọ Bayer aha site na Alfa ruo Omega.  Otú ọ dị, chaatị ya ụkpụrụ ezi n'ihi na a naghị ahụ ike ahụ anya site na Northern Hemisphere.<ref name="wagman" />Onye France na-ekiri mbara igwe bụ Nicolas Louis de Lacaille debere Argo nke ọma ma kewaa ya na 1752, na-akpụ Carina ( keel ), Vela (ịkpọ mmiri), na Puppis ( ebe a na-adzọba ọkwọ ).  N'agbanyeghị nkewa ahụ, Lacaille debere aha Argo's Bayer .  Ya mere. <ref name="pa30_469">{{Cite journal|author=Russell|first=Henry Norris|authorlink=Henry Norris Russell|title=The New International Symbols for the Constellations|journal=Popular Astronomy|volume=30|year=1922}}</ref>Vela dị n'ụdị Antlia na Pyxis n'ebe ugwu, Puppis n'ebe ugwu egwuregwu, Carina na ndịda na ndị na-afọ-unu, na Centaurus n'akpọrọ egwuregwu.  Na-ekpuchi ogo 500 square, ọ nọ n'ọkwa 32nd n'ime m eji 88 ọgbara ọhụrụ n'ogo.  Mbiri nke ụzọ atọ maka mmị, dị ka International Astronomical Union nakweere na 1922, bụ "Vel". === Kpakpando === ==Edensibia== {{Reflist}} 605380695doi1tfwgc4nglcd0h9ktb8 0 34959 644113 594969 2026-05-30T16:06:11Z Mirah50 16972 Fixed reference errors 644113 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Category:Articles with hCards]]   <ref name="Presidency">{{Cite web|title=Tebello Nyokong|url=http://www.thepresidency.gov.za/pebble.asp?relid=7660|work=The Presidency, Republic of South Africa|accessdate=9 November 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151121034719/http://www.thepresidency.gov.za/pebble.asp?relid=7660|archivedate=21 November 2015}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">. ''The Presidency, Republic of South Africa''. Archived from on 21 November 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 November</span> 2015</span>.</cite></ref>'''Tebello Nyokong''' OMB, FRS, HonFRSC, FRSSAf (amụrụ n'abalị iri abụọ n'ọnwa Ọktoba n'afọ 1951) bụ onye South Africa na-emepụta kemịkal na prọfesọ a ma ama na Mahadum Rhodes, na onye natara Order of Mapungubwe nke South Africa. E bipụtara ọrụ Nyokong ihe dị ka ugboro 450 gụnyere patent. E nyere ya ihe nrite ọla edo nke South African Chemical Institute na 2012, ma kpọọ ya otu n'ime ụmụ nwanyị 10 kachasị emetụta na sayensị na teknụzụ n'Africa site na [[Akụkọ IT Africa|IT News Africa]]. <ref name="AAS">{{Cite web|title=Nyokong Tebello {{!}} The AAS|url=https://www.aasciences.africa/fellow/nyokong-tebello|work=The African Academy of Sciences|accessdate=24 May 2022|archivedate=6 October 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211006015652/https://www.aasciences.africa/fellow/nyokong-tebello}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">. ''The African Academy of Sciences''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 May</span> 2022</span>.</cite></ref> na-eme nchọpụta ugbu a maka Ọgwụgwọ foto-dynamic, usoro ọgwụgwọ ọrịa kansa ọzọ na ọgwụgwọ ọgwụ. <ref name="Rhodes">{{Cite web|title=Prof Tebello Nyokong|url=https://www.ru.ac.za/nanotechnology/staffstudents/staff/profnyokong/|work=Rhodes University|date=17 April 2012|accessdate=9 November 2015}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://www.ru.ac.za/nanotechnology/staffstudents/staff/profnyokong/ "Prof Tebello Nyokong"]. ''Rhodes University''. 17 April 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 November</span> 2015</span>.</cite></ref>'afọ 2007, ọ bụ otu n'ime ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị atọ kachasị elu na South Africa, na 2013 e nyere ya National Research Foundation's Lifetime Achievement Award . [1] == Mmụta ==   A mụrụ Nyokong na Maseru, <ref>[https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/it/bollettino/pubblico/2023/06/03/0421/00939.html#ny Nomina di Membro della Pontificia Accademia delle Scienze]</ref> Lesotho mana ọ nọrọ ihe ka ukwuu n'oge ntorobịa ya na South Africa. Afọ abụọ tupu afọ agụmakwụkwọ ya, ọ gbanwere site na ọmụmụ nka gaa na sayensị, na-azụlite mmasị na kemịkal. <ref>{{Cite news|author=Sefala|first=Ntshephe|title=The Presidency Republic of South Africa|url=http://www.thepresidency.gov.za/national-orders/recipient/tebello-nyokong-1951}}</ref> natara asambodo ụlọ akwụkwọ Cambridge Overseas na 1972. [1] Nyokong si n'ezinụlọ dara ogbenye. Ọ ga-eyi uwe ejiji eme ihe ma gba ọtọ. Dị ka nwa agbọghọ, e zigara ya ka ya na nne na nna ya biri n'ugwu Lesotho. Ọ mụtara banyere sayensị site n'ile anya n'ọhịa mgbe ọ na-arụ ọrụ dị ka nwatakịrị dị afọ asatọ <ref name="nature">{{cite web |url=http://blogs.nature.com/soapboxscience/2014/10/13/distinguished-south-african-professor-tebello-nyokong-on-science-education-and-innovation |title=Distinguished South African Professor Tebello Nyokong on science, education and innovation |last=Jackson |first=Alex |date=13 October 2014 |website=Nature.com blogs |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190126221313/http://blogs.nature.com/soapboxscience/2014/10/13/distinguished-south-african-professor-tebello-nyokong-on-science-education-and-innovation |archive-date=26 January 2019 }}</ref> na-elekọta atụrụ. <ref name="news" /> Nyokong <ref name="seasvid">[http://21icons.com/seasons/ Video interview with Tebello Nyokong], 21 icons, Retrieved 9 November 2015</ref>-ekwu na ọ ga-anọ otu ụbọchị n'ụlọ akwụkwọ ma mesịa nọrọ otu ụbọchị na atụrụ ka mmadụ ga-elekọta ha. Nyokong <ref name="news">[http://www.news24.com/Archives/City-Press/Behind-the-Icon-Tebello-Nyokong-The-compassionate-scientist-20150429 Behind the Icon – Tebello Nyokong: The compassionate scientist], 10 May 2014, News24, Retrieved 9 November 2015</ref>-ekwu na otu n'ime ihe mgbaru ọsọ ya n'oge ọ bụ nwata bụ inwe akpụkpọ ụkwụ nke ya. Mgbe ọ malitere ụlọ akwụkwọ, a chụpụrụ ya na sayensị n'ihi na a gwara ya na ọ siri ike. bụ naanị mgbe afọ abụọ gachara ka ọ gbanwere ụzọ ma jiri nnọgidesi ike mechaa usoro sayensị. Nyokong nwetara nzere bachelọ ya na kemịkalụ na ihe ndị dị ndụ na Mahadum Mba nke Lesotho n'afọ 1977. Ọ gara n'ihu nweta nzere masta ya na kemịkalụ na Mahadum McMaster dị na Ontario, Canada. N'afọ 1987, ọ natara Ph.D. ya na kemịkalụ site na Mahadum nke Western Ontario . <ref name="Rhodes"/> Mgbe <ref name="Presidency"/> nwetasịrị PhD ya, ọ natara Fulbright fellowship iji gaa n'ihu na ọmụmụ post-doctoral ya na Mahadum Notre Dame na United States. [1] == Ọrụ ==   Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ Fulbright na United States, Nyokong laghachiri Lesotho, n'oge dị mkpirikpi dị ka ọ si pụta, iji were ọnọdụ na Mahadum Lesotho. N'afọ 1992, ọ nwetara ọkwa dị ka onye nkuzi na Mahadum Rhodes. National Research Foundation nyere <ref name="Presidency"/> ọkwa dị elu ma nyere Nyokong aka inweta ụlọ nyocha na mahadum ahụ. <ref name="Presidency" />'oge na-adịghị anya, ọ gbanwere site na onye nkuzi gaa na prọfesọ, wee bụrụ prọfesor a ma ama. A maara ya maka nyocha ya na nanotechnology, yana ọrụ ya na ọgwụgwọ foto-dynamic. Nnyocha <ref name="AAS"/> na-eme na nke ikpeazụ a na-emeghe ụzọ maka nchọpụta na ọgwụgwọ ọrịa kansa, na-enweghị mmetụta na-emebi emebi nke ọgwụgwọ ọgwụ. Nyokong bipụtara akwụkwọ ozi ghere oghe nke o dere maka onwe ya dị afọ iri na asatọ (onye ga-arụsi ọrụ ike iji mezue ọmụmụ sayensị afọ atọ n'obi ike ebe ezinụlọ ya nwere ike ọ gaghị aghọta ohere ndị dị n'ihu. <ref name="sourceok">[https://scienceclubforgirls.wordpress.com/2011/03/08/tebello-nyokongs-letter-to-her-young-self/ Tebello Nyokong’s Letter to her 18-year-old Self], Tebello Nyokong, Science Club for Girls, 2011, Retrieved 9 November 2015</ref> na-ejedebe na "Ị kwenyere na ị nwere ike ịbụ nwunye na nne ma ka bụrụ onye na-enye ihe oriri ma nye aka na ọha mmadụ. " N'afọ 2014 ọ bụ prọfesọ na Mahadum Rhodes dị na Grahamstown. <ref name="season2">[http://21icons.com/seasons/ Promise of Freedom], 21 icons, Retrieved 9 November 2015</ref> bụ isiokwu maka foto foto maka "ihe oyiyi iri abụọ na otu" nke Adrian Steirn. nke chere na ọ laghachiri n'ọrụ nwata ya dị ka onye ọzụzụ atụrụ mana ugbu a onye ọzụzụ atụrụ ahụ toro eto ma ọ na-eyi uwe ọcha nke onye na-emepụta ọgwụ ya. <ref name="news"/> na-ere foto ahụ maka ọrụ ebere. == Nkwado agụmakwụkwọ == PhD Chemistry, Mahadum nke Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada, 1987. MSc Chemistry, Mahadum McMaster, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, 1981. Ọmụmụ MSc na PhD nke Canadian International Development Agency (CIDA) kwadoro.BSc nke Gọọmentị Lesotho kwadoro == Nhọpụta na ahụmịhe == * Prọfesọ a ma ama nke Chemistry * Onye nduzi nke DST/Mintek Nanotechnology Innovation Centre - Sensors * Onye na-ahụ maka nyocha Ọgwụ Chemistry na Nanotechnology - nke DST / NRF nyere * Onye nkuzi prọfesọ nke kemịkalụ na Mahadum nke Tromsø na Norway - site na 2008 * Prọfesọ nke Physical-Inorganic Chemistry, Mahadum Rhodes, 2001-2006 * Onye nkuzi nke Physical- Chemistry, Mahadum Rhodes, 1998-2000 * Onye nkuzi / Onye nkuzi dị elu na Chemistry, Mahadum Rhodes, 1992-1997. * Onye nkuzi / Onye nkuzi dị elu na Physical- Chemistry, Mahadum Lesotho, 1981, 1987-1991. * <nowiki>Onye nkuzi, Mahadum McMaster, 1979-='{"parts":[{"template":{"target":{"wt":"ndash","href":"./Template:Ndash"},"params":{},"i":0}}]}' data-ve-no-generated-contents="true" id="mwaw" typeof="mw:Transclusion">-, na Mahadum nke Western Ontario, 1982-1986.</nowiki> Ebe e si nweta ya: <ref name="Prof Tebello Nyokong">{{Cite news|author=Sefala|first=Ntshephe|title=Prof Tebello Nyokong|url=https://www.ru.ac.za/nanotechnology/staffstudents/staff/profnyokong/|accessdate=30 October 2018}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">Sefala, Ntshephe. [https://www.ru.ac.za/nanotechnology/staffstudents/staff/profnyokong/ "Prof Tebello Nyokong"]<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 October</span> 2018</span>.</cite></ref> == Nkwado na onyinye == * National Research Foundation "Lifetime Achievement Award", 2013 * National Research Foundation Rating: A * ISE Electrochemistry Excellence Award: nkuzi na nyocha, 2013 * Ihe nrite ọla edo nke South African Chemical Institute (SACI), 2012 * A gụnyere ya na National Center for Research on Human Evolution (CENIEH), nke dị na Burgos, Spain ka ọ bụrụ otu n'ime "NAMES 13 iji gbanwee ụwa", 2012 * Prọfesọ pụrụ iche na Mahadum Rhodes, 2012 * Royal Society in Chemistry (RSC) /Pan Africa Chemistry Network (PACN) Ndị inyom pụrụ iche na Chemistry: 2011 * Ọ bụ Irina Bokova, onye isi nchịkwa nke UNESCO, kpọrọ ya ka ọ bụrụ onye otu UNESCO High-level panel on Science, Technology and Innovation for sustainable Development, June 2011 * Ihe nrite International Conference on Frontiers of Polymers and Advanced Materiel (ICFPAM) iji cheta otu narị afọ nke ihe nrite Nobel mbụ na Chemistry nyere nwanyị: Marie Curie. Nke a bụkwa afọ nke Chemistry, 26th May 2011 * Vodacom Lesotho mere ka ọ banye na Ụlọ Nzukọ nke Lesotho, 2010 * Doctor of Science Honoris Causa site na Mahadum Walter Sizulu, 3rd May, 2010 * Doctor of Science Honoris Causa site na Mahadum nke South Africa, 11th May, 2010 * Onye otu nke Third World Academy of Science, 2009 * Ihe nrite nke onye isi ala NRF dị ka onye mmeri maka mgbanwe na nyocha, 2009 * Ememe Ịdị Mma n'Ụlọ Ọrụ (CEO) Ụmụ nwanyị kachasị emetụta na Azụmaahịa na Gọọmentị (MIW) - Ngalaba Mmụta na Nkụzi, 2009-2010 * Ihe nrite L'Oreal-UNESCO maka "Women in Science" dị ka Laureate na-anọchite anya Africa na Arab States, 2009 * Kọmitii nke Prọfesọ A Zawail (onye natara onyinye Nobel na Chemistry, 1999) * Kọmitii C. de Duve, onye natara ihe nrite Nobel na Medicine, 1974 * Septemba, 2009, a kwadoro arịrịọ na National Assembly na-ekweta ọrụ ya na mgbanwe nke sayensị na South Africa. N'ikpeazụ, ọ gwara Kọmitii Na-ahụ Maka Sayensị na Parliament * Ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị atọ kachasị mma na South Africa, 2007 * City Press / Rapport Prestige Awards maka ndị inyom na-akpali akpali, 2008 * oche nyocha maka Medicinal Chemistry na Nanotechnology site na Ngalaba Sayensị na Teknụzụ na National Research Foundation, malite na 2007 * Iwu nke Mapungubwe: ọla nchara site n'aka Onye isi ala Mbeki, 2005 * Ihe nrite Grant-Holder maka afọ 2005 site na CSIR maka ịbụ onye kacha mma NLC na-enweta onyinye n'afọ 2005 * Mahadum Rhodes Rhodes Women of the Year na ngalaba Senior Research, 2006 * SABC2/Shorprite-Checkers Nwaanyị nke Afọ na Sayensị na Teknụzụ, 2004 * Onye nke abụọ- DST Women in Science, 2004 na 2008 * A họpụtara ya site na Ngalaba Sayensị na Teknụzụ iji gosipụta Frances Ames Lecture, 2004 * Ihe nrite nke onye isi ala Distinguished Senior Research, 2003 * Onye otu Royal Society of South Africa (FRSSA) * Onye otu Academy of Science nke South Africa. * Ihe nrite Fulbright, 1990. Ọ gara na Radiation Laboratory, Mahadum Notre Dame, Indiana, USA. * Financial Mail obere akwụkwọ ojii maka afọ abụọ (2006, 2007, 2008, 2009) maka ndị 100 nwere mmetụta na South Africa. * Onye otu Royal Society, 2023<ref>{{Cite web|title=Tebello Nyokong|url=https://royalsociety.org/people/tebello-nyokong-36236/|accessdate=2023-05-24|work=royalsociety.org}}</ref> == Editorial / onye otu na bọọdụ nchịkọta akụkọ == * Onye nchịkọta akụkọ: African Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry. * Onye nnọchi anya South Africa: Society of Porphyrins and Phthalocyanines nke dị na France. * Global Journal of Physical Chemistry - Onye otu Editorial Board * Journal of Spectroscopy& Dynamics - Onye otu Editorial Board * International Journal of Electrochemical Science - Onye otu Editorial Board * Advanced Materials Letters - Onye otu Editorial Board * Onye nchịkọta akụkọ ọbịa: Mbipụta pụrụ iche maka International Journal of Photoenergy (2011) Mbipụta pụrụ ọnụ na Photomedicine na Photo Nanosystems * Onye nchịkọta akụkọ: International Journal of Electrochemistry: Mbipụta pụrụ iche "Electrochemology: Electrode, Synthesis, and Characterization" * Nnyocha nke ọrụ French: Agence Nationale de la Recherche * Nnyocha nke ọrụ ndị Belgium: Research Foundation Flanders * Nnyocha nke ọrụ ntọala nyocha nke Czech Republic == Ntụziaka == Onye nkuzi: Dr Ceril Jones, nke Savannah State University, Project Title: Thermodynamic Characterization of Phthalocyanines for Photodynamic Therapy.Nkwado nke National Institute of Health (NIH). == Ọrụ ndụmọdụ == 1. A kpọrọ ya ka ọ nyere aka na nhọpụta nke osote prọfesọ nke kemịkal, Mahadum nke Venda, Feb., 1997. 2. Onye otu Kọmitii Na- Maka Nnyocha Mmiri na-enyocha Mahadum nke Western Cape Project na Desalination na Disinfection nke Mmiri, 1998-2001 3. Onye otu Foundation for Research Development (FRD) maka nlekota mmemme FRD / Industry na Port Elizabeth Technikon, 1998. 4. Onye otu ndị ndụmọdụ: Nzukọ mba ụwa na ihe ngosi na Integrated Environmental Management na South Africa, nke emere na Febụwarị 1998. Nzukọ a bụ mgbalị jikọrọ aka n'etiti Germany na South Africa. <nowiki>5. Onye otu Advisory Board: Southern and Eastern Africa Network of Analytical Chemists (SEANAC) conference. Gaborone, Botswana, 7-='{"parts":[{"template":{"target":{"wt":"ndash","href":"./Template:Ndash"},"params":{},"i":0}}]}' data-ve-no-generated-contents="true" id="mwug" typeof="mw:Transclusion">- July 2003 na 15-18 July 2007.</nowiki> 6. Onye otu South SOUTH AFRICAN REFERENCE GROUP ON WOMEN IN SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, otu n'okpuru Ngalaba Sayensị na Teknụzụ -2003. 7. Minista sayensị na teknụzụ họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ onye otu panel iji họpụta ndị otu kansụl maka Kansụl sayensị nke South Africa (April, 2004). 8. Onye otu ndị ndụmọdụ maka XVIII International Symposium on Bioelectrochemistry and Bioenergetics, 19- June 2005, Coimbra, Portugal. 9. Onye otu ndụmọdụ: The World Association of Laser Therapy 2008 Conference, 19- October 2008, Sun City, South Africa. 10. A kpọrọ ya ka ọ nyochaa ndị na-achọ maka 2010 Reaxys PhD Prize- Post-doctoral fellows si UK, Belgium, Spain, France na UK. 11. Kọmitii ndụmọdụ nke South African Chemical Institute (SACI) 2011 CONVENTION, 16- Jenụwarị 2011, Mahadum Witwatersrand, Johannesburg. <ref name="Prof Tebello Nyokong"/> == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga ==   [https://web.archive.org/web/20231217083645/https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Collection/vital:27494?site_name=GlobalView Tebello Nyokong Rhodes onye nchọpụta] [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] lt35s2nz6axbpuhfp226ps5b0d2e1dm 0 34963 644257 145580 2026-05-30T19:50:51Z Wikipedian12512(alt) 61413 ce 644257 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}    {| class="infobox biography vcard" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;" |<div class="fn" style="display:inline-block">Nazira Karodia</div><br /><div class="honorific-suffix" style="font-size: 77%; font-weight: normal; display:inline-block;"><span class="noexcerpt nowraplinks" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal;">[[Order of the British Empire|MBE]]&#x20;[[Chartered Chemist|CChem]]&#x20;[[Fellow of the Royal Society of Chemistry|FRSC]]</span></div> |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-image" |[[File:Prof_Nazira_Karodia.jpg|frameless]] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Alma mater&nbsp; | class="infobox-data" |[[University of Natal|Mahadum nke Natal]] Mahadum St Andrews (PhD) <br /> |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" |<templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles>'''Ọrụ sayensị''' |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Ubi | class="infobox-data category" |Mmụta STEM Organic synthesis<br /> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Ụlọ ọrụ | class="infobox-data" |Mahadum Florida Mahadum Bradford Mahadum Wolverhampton<br /><br /> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Akwụkwọ edemede | class="infobox-data" |[[hdl:10023/15005|''Nkwadebe, ọdịdị na mmeghachi omume nke ụdị ọhụrụ nke ylides phosphorus kwụsiri ike'']]&nbsp;<span style="font-size:97%;">(1996)</span> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Onye ndụmọdụ doctoral | class="infobox-data" |Alan Aitken |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ | class="infobox-data" |<span class="url">[https://web.archive.org/web/20190704035530/https://www.wlv.ac.uk/about-us/our-staff/nazira-karodia/ www.wlv.ac.uk/about-us/our-staff/nazira-karodia/]</span> |} [[Category:Articles with hCards]] '''Nazira Karodia''' MBE CChem FRSC bụ onye na-emepụta kemịkal, Prọfesọ nke Mmụta Sayensị na osote onye isi ala na Mahadum Edinburgh Napier (2021- ugbu a). Ọ bụbu onye isi oche maka Regional Engagement na Mahadum Wolverhampton.<ref name="wolves">{{Cite web|url=https://www.wlv.ac.uk/about-us/our-staff/nazira-karodia/|title=Nazira Karodia - University of Wolverhampton|work=www.wlv.ac.uk|language=en|accessdate=2018-09-06|archivedate=2019-07-04|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190704035530/https://www.wlv.ac.uk/about-us/our-staff/nazira-karodia/}}</ref> na-arụ ọrụ na organic synthesis, green chemistry, heterocyclic compounds na agụmakwụkwọ sayensị. == Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ == <ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|author=Pain|first=Elisabeth|title=Battling inequality for herself and others|journal=Science|year=2017|issn=0036-8075|doi=10.1126/science.caredit.a1700018}}</ref> mụrụ Karodia ma too na South Africa n'okpuru ịkpa ókè agbụrụ. Dị ka ọtụtụ ndị na-abụghị ndị Europe, ọ tara ahụhụ site na ịkpa ókè agbụrụ n'oge ọ na-aga akwụkwọ. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=https://royalsociety.org/topics-policy/diversity-in-science/parent-carer-scientist/nazira-karodia/|title=Professor Nazira Karodia|publisher=[[Royal Society]]|work=royalsociety.org|language=en-GB|accessdate=2018-09-06}}</ref> nwere ike ịmụ kemịkalụ na Mahadum Natal, nke bụ naanị maka ndị ọcha, ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na 1990. <ref name=":1" /> hapụrụ South Africa na 1992. [1] <ref>{{Cite journal|author=Aitken|first=R. Alan|date=2016|title=Synthesis, structure and pyrolysis of stabilised phosphonium ylides containing saturated oxygen heterocycles|journal=Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry|language=en|volume=14|issue=5|pages=1794–1804|doi=10.1039/C5OB02467F|pmid=26751733|issn=1477-0520}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|author=Aitken|first=R. Alan|date=2000|title=The solid state conformation of oxo stabilised ylides: X-ray structures of four new polyoxo phosphorus ylides|journal=Journal of the Chemical Society, Perkin Transactions 2|language=en|issue=2|pages=333–340|doi=10.1039/A905747A|issn=1470-1820}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|author=Aitken|first=R. Alan|date=1994|title=Flash vacuum pyrolysis of stabilised phosphorus ylides. Part 5. Selective extrusion of PH3PO from β,γ,β′-trioxo ylides to give diacylalkynes|journal=J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 1|language=en|issue=17|pages=2467–2472|doi=10.1039/P19940002467|issn=0300-922X}}</ref> gụsịrị PhD.D. ya na Mahadum St Andrews, [1] na-arụ ọrụ na phosphorus Yilede nke Alan Aitken lekọtara na 1995. [2] <ref>{{Cite journal|author=Aitken|first=R. Alan|date=2002-01-21|title=Flash vacuum pyrolysis of stabilised phosphorus ylides. Part 17.1 Preparation of aliphatic amino acid derived γ-alkoxycarbonylamino-β-oxo ylides and pyrolysis to give α,β-acetylenic γ-amino acid and GABA analogues|journal=Journal of the Chemical Society, Perkin Transactions 1|language=en|issue=4|pages=533–541|doi=10.1039/B110243E|issn=1472-7781}}</ref> == Ọrụ na nyocha == Karodia sonyeere Mahadum Florida <ref>{{Cite journal|date=1997|title=Facile Synthesis of Benzotriazines and Indoles by Ring-Scissions of α-Benzotriazol-1-yl Hydrazones|journal=Synthetic Communications|language=en|volume=27|issue=22|pages=3963–3976|doi=10.1080/00397919708005918|issn=0039-7911}}</ref> ka onye otu na Centre for Heterocyclic Chemistry ebe ọ rụrụ ọrụ na Benzothiazines na Benzotriazoles mepụtara. <ref name=":0"/> <ref>{{Cite journal|author=Katritzky|first=Alan R.|date=1997|title=A Novel Transformation of Esters to Alkynes with 1-Substituted Benzotriazoles|journal=The Journal of Organic Chemistry|language=en|volume=62|issue=12|pages=4142–4147|doi=10.1021/jo962291t|issn=0022-3263}}</ref> <ref name=":1"/> họpụtara Karodia ka ọ bụrụ onye nkuzi dị elu na Mahadum Bradford ma mee ya onye nduzi STEM na 1998. [1] N'ebe a, Karodia zụlitere mmasị ya na agụmakwụkwọ sayensị na mmemme mgbasa ozi sayensị nke na-achọ ịba uru na obodo. <ref name=":2">{{Cite news|url=https://www.educationopportunities.co.uk/dr-nazira-karodia/|title=Dr Nazira Karodia - NEON|work=NEON|accessdate=2018-09-06|language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.hestem.ac.uk/node/958|title=National HE STEM Programme - University of Birmingham|work=www.hestem.ac.uk|language=en-gb|accessdate=2018-09-06}}</ref> bụ onye isi otu Higher Education Funding Council for England (HEFCE) STEM program, ebe e mere ya Regional Director (Yorkshire, Humber na North East) nke National HE STEM program. <ref>{{Cite journal|date=2006-11-27|title=The ionic liquid ethyltri-n-butylphosphonium tosylate as solvent for the acid-catalysed hetero-Michael reaction|journal=Tetrahedron|language=en|volume=62|issue=48|pages=11039–11043|doi=10.1016/j.tet.2006.09.052|issn=0040-4020|author=Karodia|first=Nazira}}</ref> kemịkal <ref>{{Cite journal|author=El Mansoury|first=Ahmed|date=2012|title=Triphenylene-based discotic liquid crystals: star-shaped oligomers and branched-chain polymers|journal=Liquid Crystals|language=en|volume=39|issue=10|pages=1222–1230|doi=10.1080/02678292.2012.707691|issn=0267-8292}}</ref> lekwasịrị anya na mmiri ionic na mmiri crystalline polymers. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.genovate.eu/dissemination/genovate-international-conference/speakers/nazira-karodia/|title=Nazira Karodia|work=www.genovate.eu|language=en|accessdate=2018-09-06|archivedate=2018-09-07|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180907032247/http://www.genovate.eu/dissemination/genovate-international-conference/speakers/nazira-karodia/}}</ref> <ref name="wolves"/> akụkụ nke ọrụ GENOVATE nke European Union kwadoro: ''Ịgbanwe ọdịbendị nhazi maka ịha nhata nwoke na nwanyị na nyocha na ihe ọhụrụ''. [1] [2] <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.raeng.org.uk/publications/other/student-ambassador-training|title=Disseminating student ambassador top-up training in engineering in Yorkshire and the Northeast region|author=Karodia|first=Nazira|accessdate=2018-09-06|archivedate=2017-07-21|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170721105111/http://www.raeng.org.uk/publications/other/student-ambassador-training}}</ref> na-arụkwa ọrụ na mmemme iji kwalite ọrụ na sayensị na injinia, ọkachasị maka ụmụ akwụkwọ si n'akụkụ ndị na-anọchite anya ha. Kemgbe afọ 2021 ọ nọ n'ọkwa osote onye isi ala na Mahadum Edinburgh Napier . <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://leadinglearning.co.uk/professor-nazira-karodia/|title=Professor Nazira Karodia - Leading Learning|work=Leading Learning|accessdate=2018-09-06|language=en-GB}}</ref> nke , ọ rụrụ ọrụ na Mahadum Wolverhampton ebe ọ bụ Pro Vice Chancellor Regional Engagement (February 2020 - July 2021), Dean of the Faculty of Science and Engineering (Februory 2016 -January 2020) na Prọfesọ nke Science Education. <ref name="Midlands Enterprise Universities">{{Cite news|url=http://midlandsenterpriseuniversities.co.uk/new-partnership-healthcare-course-launched|title=New partnership healthcare course launched - Midlands Enterprise Universities|date=2018-04-27|work=Midlands Enterprise Universities|accessdate=2018-09-06|language=en-GB}}</ref> na-arụkọ ọrụ na Doaba Group of Colleges . [1] <ref name="Midlands Enterprise Universities" />'afọ 2018 ọ malitere usoro sayensị ahụike ọhụrụ. == Onyinye na nsọpụrụ == Karodia <ref name=":2"/> otuto site na National Educational Opportunities Network (NEON) na 2015 maka onyinye pụtara ìhè maka ịgbasawanye ohere. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.rsc.org/diversity/175-faces/all-faces/dr-nazira-karodia-cchem-frsc/|title=Dr Nazira Karodia CChem FRSC {{!}} 175 Faces of Chemistry|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200806021426/http://www.rsc.org/diversity/175-faces/all-faces/dr-nazira-karodia-cchem-frsc/|archivedate=6 August 2020|work=www.rsc.org|language=en|accessdate=2018-09-06}}</ref> họpụtara ya dị ka otu n'ime Royal Society of Chemistry's Top 175 Faces of Chemistory na 2016. [1] <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.wlv.ac.uk/about-us/news-and-events/latest-news/2017/april-2017/dean-honoured-for-achievements-in-the-field-of-science.php|title=April 2017 - Dean honoured for achievements in the field of science - University of Wolverhampton|work=www.wlv.ac.uk|language=en|accessdate=2018-09-06}}</ref>'afọ 2017, e nyere ya ihe nrite Women-in-Science na ShruthiUK Birmingham Thyagaraja Festival. <ref name=":1"/>'afọ 2015, a họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ Fellow nke Royal Society of Chemistry (FRSC). [1] họpụtara Karodia ka ọ bụrụ [[Order of the British Empire|Onye otu Order of the British Empire]] (MBE) na 2022 New Year Honours maka ọrụ na sayensị kemịkal. == Ndụ onwe onye == <ref name=":0"/> nwere ụmụ ejima, ha abụọ gụrụ physics na mahadum. <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.nouse.co.uk/2012/06/19/memorial-service-held-in-physics-for-%E2%80%9Csorely-missed%E2%80%9D-james-student/|title=Memorial service held in Physics for "sorely missed" James student|author=Banning-Lover|first=Rachel|date=2012-06-19|work=Nouse|accessdate=2018-09-06|language=en-US}}</ref> tụfuru otu ejima n'ihi ọrịa sickle cell n'afọ 2012. [1] <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.york.ac.uk/physics/undergraduate/ug-academic-awards/|title=UG Academic Awards - Physics, The University of York|work=www.york.ac.uk|language=EN|accessdate=2018-09-06}}</ref> York, ebe ọ bụ nwa akwụkwọ, nwere onyinye iji sọpụrụ ya. == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 3yfvy4vc9ivwdxl4b8vszzc4hhnb3ux 0 34969 644430 214215 2026-05-30T23:52:02Z Sylvaline39 15355 Fixed reference error 644430 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:NAMA Machine d'Anticythère 1.jpg|thumb|Usoro Antikythera]] Usoro Antikythera (/ ˌæntɪˈkɪθɪərə / AN-tih-KIH-ther-ə) bụ orrery aka [[Greece|Gris]] oge ochie (ihe atụ nke Sistemụ Anyanwụ), kọwara dị ka ihe atụ kacha ochie ama nke kọmpụta analog nke ejiri na ebu amụma ọnọdụ mbara igwe na n'ehihie. ọtụtụ iri afọ tupu. Enwere ike iji ya wee soro usoro egwuregwu egwuregwu afọ anọ yiri nke Olympiad, okirikiri egwuregwu Olympic oge ochie. Ihe arịa a so na mkpọmkpọ ebe ụgbọ mmiri kpuru n'ụsọ oké osimiri nke àgwàetiti Gris Antikythera na 1901. N'afọ 1902, ọkà mmụta ihe ochie bụ́ Valerios Stais chọpụtara na ọ nwere ngwa. Ngwaọrụ ahụ, nke edobere n'ime mkpọ nkụ nke osisi (nke a na ejighị n'aka) n'ozuzu ya ruru 34 cm × 18 cm × 9 cm (13.4 na × 7.1 na × 3.5 in), chọtara dị ka otu kpọmkpọkpọ, emesịa kewapụrụ ya n'iberibe atọ bụ isi. nke e kewara ugbu a n'iberibe iri asatọ na abụọ dị iche iche mgbe mbọ nchekwa gasịrị. Anọ n'ime iberibe ihe ndị a nwere ngwo, ebe a na ahụ ihe odide n'ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ. Ngwa kacha ibu bụ ihe dịka 13 cm (5 in) na dayameta ma nwee ezé 223 na mbụ. N'afọ 2008, otu ndị si na Mahadum Cardiff jiri kọmputa x-ray tomography na nyocha mkpebi dị elu iji see foto n'ime iberibe usoro ihe ahụ gbanyere mkpọrọgwụ wee gụọ ihe odide ndị kachasị njọ nke kpuchiri mkpuchi mpụta. Nke a na egosi na ọ nwere ngwa ọla kọpa 37 na eme ka ọ nwee ike ịgbaso mmegharị nke ọnwa na anyanwụ site na zodiac, ịkọ amụma chi jiri na iji mee ka ọnwa na adịghị agafe agafe, ebe ọnwa na agba dị elu na perigee karịa na apogee ya. . Onye na enyocha mbara igwe bụ Hipparchus nke Rhodes mụrụ ngagharị a na narị afọ nke abụọ BC, ọ pụkwara ịbụ na a tụlere ya n'iwu igwe ahụ. Enwere ntule na akụkụ nke usoro ahụ na efu ma gbakọọ ọnọdụ nke mbara ala ise oge ochie. A kọwakwuru ihe odide ndị ahụ na 2016, na ekpughe ọnụọgụgụ jikọtara ya na usoro synodic nke Venus na Saturn. Ekwenyere na ọ bụ ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị ndị Gris chebere ma rụkwaa ngwa a wee dekwa ya n'ihe dịka 87 BC, n'etiti 150 na 100 BC, ma ọ bụ 205 BC. Ọ ga abụrịrị na a rụrụ ya tupu ụgbọ mmiri ahụ emebiwo, nke ejirila ọtụtụ ahịrị ihe akaebe depụta ya ruo ihe dịka 70–60 BC. N'afọ 2022 ndị nchọpụta tụpụtara ụbọchị mbido mbụ ya, ọ bụghị ụbọchị owuwu, nwere ike ịbụ 23 Disemba 178 BC. Ndị ọkachamara ndị ọzọ na atụ aro na 204 BC dị ka ụbọchị ngbanwe karịa. Igwe ndị nwere mgbagwoju anya yiri nke ahụ apụtaghị ọzọ ruo mgbe elekere mbara igwe nke Richard nke Wallingford na narị afọ nke 14. A na edobe iberibe ihe niile a ma ama nke usoro ahụ na National Archaeological Museum, Athens, yana nrụzigharị na ihe nṅomi, iji gosi ka o siri dị ma rụọ ọrụ. == Akụkọ ihe mere eme == === Nchọpụta === [[Usòrò:DerekdeSollaPrice.jpg|thumb|Derek J. de Solla Price (1922-83) nwere ihe nlereanya nke usoro Antikythera]] Captain Dimitrios Kontos (Δημήτριος Κοντός) na ndị ọrụ ụgbọ mmiri si n'agwaetiti Symi chọtara mkpọmkpọ ebe Antikythera na mmalite 1900, wee nweta arịa n'oge njem mbụ ya na ndị agha mmiri Hellenic Royal, na 1.000. Ahụrụ mkpọmkpọ ebe nke ụgbọ mmiri ndị Rome na omimi nke mita 45 (148 ft) site na Point Glyphadia n'agwaetiti Greek nke Antikythera. Ndị otu ahụ wetara ọtụtụ nnukwu ihe, gụnyere ihe oyiyi ọla kọpa na mabụ, ite, iko pụrụ iche, ihe ịchọ mma, mkpụrụ ego na usoro. Ewepụtara usoro a na mkpọmkpọ ebe na 1901, ikekwe Julaị. A maghị ka usoro si bụrụ n'ụgbọ mmiri ibu. A bufere ihe niile ewepụtara site na mkpọmkpọ ebe ahụ na National Museum of Archaeology na Athens maka nchekwa na nyocha. Usoro ahụ yiri ka ọ bụ ùkwù ọla na osisi chara acha; Achọpụtaghị ya ruo afọ abụọ, ebe ndị ọrụ ụlọ ngosi ihe mgbe ochie na arụ ọrụ n'ịkọkọta akụ ndị ọzọ doro anya, dị ka ihe oyiyi ahụ. Mgbe e wepụsịrị ya na mmiri mmiri, a naghị agwọta usoro ahụ, na ebute mgbanwe nrụrụ. Na 17 Mee 1902, ọkà mmụta ihe ochie bụ Valerios Stais hụrụ otu n'ime iberibe nkume nwere wiil ngwo dị n'ime ya. O kweere na mbụ na ọ bụ elekere na enyocha mbara igwe, ma ọtụtụ ndị ọkà mmụta lere ngwaọrụ ahụ anya dị ka ihe na eme ka ọ dịrị ogologo oge, dịkwa mgbagwoju anya nke a na apụghị ịrụ ya n'otu oge ahụ e wuru ya n'otu oge ndị ọzọ a chọtara. German ọkà ihe ọmụma Albert Rehm nwere mmasị na ngwaọrụ; ọ bụ ya bụ onye mbụ tụrụ aro na ọ bụ ihe mgbako gbasara mbara igwe. E wepụrụ nchọpụta banyere ihe ahụ ruo mgbe onye ọkọ akụkọ ihe mere eme sayensị Britain na prọfesọ Mahadum Yale bụ Derek J. de Solla Price nwere mmasị na 1951. N'afọ 1971, Price na ọkà mmụta sayensị nuklia Gris Charalampos Karakalos mere X-ray na gamma-ray ihe oyiyi nke iberibe 82. Price bipụtara akwụkwọ na nchoputa ha na 1974. Nchọ abụọ ọzọ maka ihe dị na saịtị mbibi Antikythera na 2012 na 2015 wepụtara ihe nka na ụgbọ mmiri nke abụọ nwere ike, ma ọ bụ enweghị ike jikọọ na ụgbọ mmiri akụ nke a chọtara usoro ahụ. A chọtakwara diski ọla kọpa, nke e ji ihe oyiyi ehi chọọ ya mma. Diski ahụ nwere "ntị" anọ nke nwere oghere n'ime ha, e wee chee na ọ nwere ike ịbụ akụkụ nke usoro Antikythera, dịka "wheel cog". O yiri ka enwere ntakịrị ihe akaebe na ọ bụ akụkụ nke usoro ahụ; o yikarịrị ka diski ahụ bụ ihe ịchọ mma ọla n'elu otu ngwá ụlọ. === Mmalite === A na akpọkarị usoro Antikythera dị ka kọmpụta analog nke mbụ amaara. Ịdị mma na mgbagwoju anya nke nrụpụta usoro ahụ na egosi na ọ ga abụrịrị na ọ nwere ndị bu ya ụzọ achọpụtaghị n'oge oge ndị Grik. Ihe owuwu ya dabere na echiche nke mbara igwe na mgbakọ na mwepụ nke ndị na enyocha mbara igwe Gris mepụtara na narị afọ nke abụọ BC, a na echekwa na e wuru ya na njedebe narị afọ nke abụọ BC ma ọ bụ mmalite narị afọ mbụ BC. N'afọ 2008, nyocha nke Antikythera Mechanism Research Project tụrụ aro na echiche maka usoro ahụ nwere ike ịbụ na ọ malitere na mpaghara Kọrịnt, ebe ọ bụ na ha chọpụtara kalenda dị na Metonic Spiral ka ọ si Kọrịnt, ma ọ bụ otu n'ime ógbè ya dị na ugwu ọdịda anyanwụ Gris ma ọ bụ Sicily. Syracuse bụ ógbè Kọrịnt na ebe obibi Archimedes, na Antikythera Mechanism Research Project rụrụ ụka na 2008 na ọ nwere ike ịpụta njikọ na ụlọ akwụkwọ Archimedes. E gosipụtara na 2017 na kalenda na Metonic Spiral bụ nke ndị Kọrịnt, mana enweghị ike ịbụ nke Syracuse. Ozizi ọzọ na egosi na mkpụrụ ego Jacques Cousteau chọtara na ebe ahụ mebiri emebi n'afọ ndị 1970 bụ oge arụrụ ngwaọrụ ahụ, ma kwupụta na o nwere ike ịbụ na o sitere na obodo Gris oge ochie bụ́ Pagamọn, ebe obibi nke Ọ́bá Akwụkwọ Pagamọm. Site n'ọtụtụ akwụkwọ mpịakọta nke nkà na sayensị, ọ bụ nke abụọ dị mkpa naanị n'ọbá akwụkwọ Alexandria n'oge oge ndị Gris. Ụgbọ mmiri bu ngwá ọrụ ahụ nwere vases n'ụdị Rhodia, na eduga n'echiche bụ́ na e wuru ya n'ụlọ akwụkwọ mmuta nke ọkà ihe ọmụma Stoic bụ́ Posidonius tọrọ n'agwaetiti Gris ahụ. Rhodes bụ ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri na ekwo ekwo na ebe etiti nke mbara igwe na injinia igwe, ebe obibi nke onye na enyocha mbara igwe Hipparchus, onye na arụ ọrụ site n'ihe dịka 140-120 BC. Usoro ahụ na eji echiche Hipparchus maka ngagharị nke ọnwa, nke na egosi na o nwere ike mebere ya ma ọ bụ opekata mpe rụọ ọrụ na ya. A na arụ ụka na ihe omume mbara igwe na Parapegma nke usoro na arụ ọrụ kacha mma maka latitudes na nso nke 33.3-37.0 degrees n'ebe ugwu; Agwaetiti Rhodes dị n'etiti latitudes nke 35.85 na 36.50 degrees n'ebe ugwu. Na 2014, otu ọmụmụ rụrụ ụka maka mkpakọrịta ọhụrụ nke ihe dị ka 200 BC, dabere na ịchọpụta ụbọchị mmalite na Saros Dial, dị ka ọnwa ọnwa nke mbara igwe nke malitere obere oge ka ọnwa ọhụrụ nke 28 Eprel 205 BC gasịrị. Dị ka echiche a si dị, ụdị amụma amụma gbasara mgbakọ na mwepụ nke Babilọn dabara nke ọma n'ụdị amụma ngwaọrụ karịa ụdị trigonometric Greek ọdịnala. Nnyocha nke Iversen mere na 2017 kpatara na prototype maka ngwaọrụ ahụ sitere na Rhodes, mana na a gbanwere ihe nlereanya a maka onye ahịa si Epirus na ugwu ọdịda anyanwụ Gris; Iversen na arụ ụka na ọ ga abụ na e wuru ya n'oge na adịbeghị anya karịa ọgbọ tupu ụgbọ mmiri ahụ emebi, ụbọchị Jones kwadoro na 2017. Emere mmiri mmiri ndị ọzọ na 2014 na 2015, n'olileanya nke ịchọpụta ọtụtụ usoro. Mmemme nyocha afọ ise malitere na 2014 wee kwụsị na Ọktoba 2019, yana nnọkọ afọ ise ọhụrụ malite na Mee 2020. N'afọ 2022 ndị nchọpụta tụpụtara ụbọchị mbido usoro a, ọ bụghị ụbọchị owuwu, nwere ike ịbụ 23 Disemba 178 BC. Ndị ọkachamara ndị ọzọ na atụ aro na 204 BC dị ka ụbọchị ngbanwe karịa. Machines ndị yiri mgbagwoju anya apụtabeghị ọzọ ruo mgbe elekere mbara igwe nke Richard nke Wallingford na Giovanni de' Dondi na narị afọ nke iri na anọ. == Nhazi == O doro anya na usoro mbụ ahụ si n'Oké Osimiri Mediterenian pụta dị ka otu mpempe akwụkwọ. N'oge na adịghị anya, ọ gbawara n'ime isi atọ. Iberibe ndị ọzọ emebiela n'ime oge site na nhicha na njikwa, na ndị njem Cousteau chọtara ndị ọzọ n'elu oke osimiri. Iberibe ndị ọzọ ka nwere ike ịnọ na nchekwa, achọpụtaghị kemgbe mgbake mbụ ha; Achọpụtara iberibe F n'ụzọ ahụ n'afọ 2005. N'ime iberibe iri asatọ na abụọ ahụ a ma ama, asaa dị mkpa n'usoro ma nwee ọtụtụ n'ime usoro na ihe odide. Akụkụ 16 ndị ọzọ dị nta nwere ihe odide ndị pere mpe na ezughị oke. {| class="wikitable" |+Major fragments !Fragment !Size [mm] !Weight [g] !Gears !Inscriptions !Notes |- align="center" |A |180&nbsp;×&nbsp;150 |369.1 |27 |Yes | style="text-align:left" |The main fragment contains the majority of the known mechanism. Clearly visible on the front is the large b1 gear, and under closer inspection further gears behind it (parts of the l, m, c, and d trains are visible as gears to the naked eye). The crank mechanism socket and the side-mounted gear that meshes with b1 is on ''Fragment A''. The back of the fragment contains the rearmost e and k gears for synthesis of the moon anomaly, noticeable also is the pin and slot mechanism of the k train. It is noticed from detailed scans of the fragment that all gears are very closely packed and have sustained damage and displacement due to their years in the sea. The fragment is approximately 30&nbsp;mm thick at its thickest point. Fragment A also contains divisions of the upper left quarter of the Saros spiral and 14 inscriptions from said spiral. The fragment also contains inscriptions for the exeligmos dial and visible on the back surface the remnants of the dial face. Finally, this fragment contains some back door inscriptions. |- align="center" |B |125&nbsp;×&nbsp;60 |99.4 |1 |Yes | style="text-align:left" |Contains approximately the bottom right third of the Metonic spiral and inscriptions of both the spiral and back door of the mechanism. The Metonic scale would have consisted of 235 cells of which 49 have been deciphered from fragment B either in whole or partially. The rest so far are assumed from knowledge of the [[Okirikiri Metonic|Metonic cycle]]. This fragment also contains a single gear (o1) used in the Olympic train. |- align="center" |C |120&nbsp;×&nbsp;110 |63.8 |1 |Yes | style="text-align:left" |Contains parts of the upper right of the front dial face showing calendar and zodiac inscriptions. This fragment also contains the Moon indicator dial assembly including the Moon phase sphere in its housing and a single bevel gear (ma1) used in the Moon phase indication system. |- align="center" |D |45&nbsp;×&nbsp;35 |15.0 |1 | | style="text-align:left" |Contains at least one unknown gear; according to Michael T. Wright it contains possibly two, and according to Xenophon Moussas it contains one gear (numbered 45 "ME") inside a hollow gear giving the position of Jupiter reproducing it with epicyclic motion. Their purpose and position has not been ascertained to any accuracy or consensus, but lends to the debate for the possible planet displays on the face of the mechanism. |- align="center" |E |60&nbsp;×&nbsp;35 |22.1 | |Yes | style="text-align:left" |Found in 1976 and contains six inscriptions from the upper right of the Saros spiral. |- align="center" |F |90&nbsp;×&nbsp;80 |86.2 | |Yes | style="text-align:left" |Found in 2005 and contains 16 inscriptions from the lower right of the Saros spiral. It also contains remnants of the mechanism's wooden housing. |- align="center" |G |125&nbsp;×&nbsp;110 |31.7 | |Yes | style="text-align:left" |A combination of fragments taken from fragment C while cleaning. |} Ọtụtụ n’ime iberibe ihe ndị a chọtara enweghị ihe ọ bụla bara uru, ma ole na ole nwere ihe odide na ha. Iberibe 19 nwere ihe odide azụ azụ gụnyere otu ọgụgụ "... 76 afọ ..." nke na ezo aka na okirikiri Callipic. Ihe odide ndị ọzọ yiri ka ọ na akọwa ọrụ nke ọkpụkpọ azụ. Na mgbakwunye na obere iberibe a dị mkpa, obere iberibe iri na ise nwere ihe fọdụrụ n'ihe odide n'elu ha: 7. == Mechanics == A kọwapụtara ozi gbasara data a kapịrị ọnụ nke enwetara site na mpekere ndị ahụ na mgbakwunye na akụkọ 2006 Nature sitere na Freeth et al. === Ọrụ === N'ihu ihu nke usoro ahụ, enwere ọkpụkpọ mgbanaka edobere na anọchi anya eklips, akara zodiacal iri na abụọ nwere ngalaba nha nha 30. Nke a kwekọrọ n'omenala ndị Babịlọn bụ́ inye otu ụzọ n'ụzọ iri na abụọ nke eklips n'aka akara zodiac nke ọ bụla n'otu aka ahụ, n'agbanyeghị na ókèala kpakpando na agbanwe agbanwe. N'èzí ọkpụkpọ ahụ bụ mgbanaka ọzọ nke na agbanwe agbanwe, nke edobere ọnwa na ụbọchị nke kalenda Sothic Egypt, ọnwa iri na abụọ nke ụbọchị 30 gbakwunyere ụbọchị ise. E ji aha ndị Ijipt akara ọnwa ndị ahụ maka ọnwa ndị e degharịrị n'asụsụ Grik. Ọrụ mbụ bụ ịtụgharị mgbanaka kalenda Ijipt ka ọ dabara na akara zodiac dị ugbu a. Kalenda ndị Ijipt leghaara ụbọchị ịwụli elu anya, ya mere ọ gara n'ihu na akara zodiac n'ihe dị ka afọ 120. A na arụ usoro ahụ site n'ịtụgharị obere crank aka (ugbu a furu efu) nke ejikọtara site na okpueze okpueze na ngwa kachasị ukwuu, ngwa ahụ nwere ọnụ anọ na ahụ n'ihu nke iberibe A, gear b1. Nke a kpaliri akara ụbọchị dị na ọkpụkpọ ihu, nke a ga edobe na ụbọchị kalenda ndị Ijipt ziri ezi. A naghị ahọpụta afọ ahụ, n'ihi ya, ọ dị mkpa ịmara afọ edobere ugbu a, ma ọ bụ site n'ịlele usoro okirikiri nke usoro okirikiri kalenda dị iche iche gosipụtara n'azụ na tebụl ephemeris nke Babilọn maka ụbọchị nke afọ edobere ugbu a, ebe ọ bụ na ọtụtụ n'ime ha. okirikiri kalenda anaghị emekọrịta n'afọ. crank ahụ na emegharị akara ụbọchị ihe dị ka ụbọchị 78 kwa ntụgharị zuru oke, yabụ ịkụtu otu ụbọchị na ọkpụkpọ ahụ ga adị mfe ma ọ bụrụ na usoro ahụ dị mma na arụ ọrụ. Omume nke ịtụgharị crank aka ga emekwa ka ihe niile jikọtara ọnụ n'ime usoro ahụ na atụgharị, na-ebute ngụkọ oge nke ọnọdụ nke anyanwụ na ọnwa, usoro ọnwa, n'ehihie, na kalenda, na ikekwe ọnọdụ nke mbara ala. Onye na arụ ọrụ ahụ kwesịkwara ịma maka ọnọdụ nke ihe nrịbama ọkpụkpọ spiral na nnukwu ọkpụkpọ abụọ dị n'azụ. Ihe nrịbama ahụ nwere “onye na eso ụzọ” nke na enyocha ebe mgbaba dị na igwe ahụ ka ọkpụkpọ ahụ gbakwunyere ntụgharị anọ na ise zuru oke nke ntụnye ahụ. Mgbe ihe nrịbama ruru ebe ọnwa njedebe dị na ngwụcha nke ọ bụla nke okirikiri ahụ, a ga eji aka bugharịa onye na eso ụzọ ahụ gaa n'akụkụ nke ọzọ nke okirikiri tupu ọ gawa n'ihu.: 10 === Ihu === ==== Ihu ihu ==== Ọkpọ oku n'ihu nwere akpịrịkpa okirikiri concentric abụọ. Ọnụ ọgụgụ dị n'ime na egosi akara ndị Gris nke zodiac, na nkewa na ogo. Ọnụ ọgụgụ dị n'elu, nke bụ mgbanaka na agagharị agagharị nke na anọdụ ala na elu ma na agba ọsọ na ọwa, na eji ihe dị ka ụbọchị ma nwee usoro nke oghere kwekọrọ n'okpuru mgbanaka na ọwa. Kemgbe achọpụtara usoro a, mgbanaka mpụta a bụ nke a na eche na ọ na anọchi anya kalenda Egypt ụbọchị 365, mana nyocha na nso nso a na ama aka n'echiche a ma na enye ihe akaebe na ọ ga abụ na e kewara ya na nkeji 354. Ọ bụrụ na mmadụ debanyere aha n'echiche nke ụbọchị 365, a na amata na usoro ahụ bu ụzọ tupu mgbanwe kalenda Julian, mana usoro Sothic na Callipic egosilarị afọ ụbọchị anyanwụ, dị ka a hụrụ na mgbanwe kalenda Ptolemy III nwara n'afọ 238 BC. Ekwenyeghị na ọkpụkpọ oku ahụ na egosipụta ụbọchị ịwụli elu ọ tụrụ aro (Epag. 6), mana enwere ike ịmegharị ọkpụkpọ kalenda mpụta megide ọkpụkpọ dị n'ime iji kwụọ ụgwọ maka nsonaazụ ụbọchị nkeji iri na ise n'afọ nke anyanwụ site n'ịtụgharị ọnụ ọgụgụ azụ azụ. ụbọchị kwa afọ anọ. Ọ bụrụ na mmadụ edebanye aha na akaebe ụbọchị 354, nkọwa nwere ike ịbụ na mgbanaka ahụ bụ ngosipụta nke kalenda ọnwa 354. Nyere oge nke usoro a na eche na owuwu na ọnụnọ nke aha ọnwa ndị Egypt, ọ nwere ike ịbụ ihe atụ mbụ nke kalenda ọnwa ndị Ijipt nke Richard Anthony Parker tụpụtara na 1950. Nzube kalenda nke ọnwa bụ ije ozi dị ka ụbọchị-iji. -ihe ngosi ụbọchị nke oge anwụ na aga n'ihu, ọ gaara enyekwara aka n'ịkọwa ihe nrịbama nkeji oge ọnwa, yana ọkpụkpọ Metonic na Saros. Ngwa ngwa achọpụtaghị, na emekọrịta ihe na ihe ndị ọzọ nke Metonic gearing nke usoro ahụ, pụtara ịkwọpụta ntụnye n'akụkụ ọnụ ọgụgụ a. Ntugharị na ndebanye aha nke mgbanaka metụtara oghere ndị dị n'okpuru bụ iji kwado ma mgbazi okirikiri Callipic nke afọ 1 na 76, yana njikọta nke lunisolar dabara adaba. Ọkpọ oku na akakwa akara ọnọdụ Sun na eklips, dabara na ụbọchị dị ugbu a n'afọ. Okirikiri nke nwanyị na mbara ala ise ndị Gris mara dị nso na eklips iji mee ka ọ bụrụ ntụaka dabara adaba maka onyonyo ha. Edere ọnwa atọ ndị Ijipt na eso ya n'akwụkwọ ozi Grik n'elu mgbanaka dị n'èzí: [57] * E wughachiri ọnwa ndị ọzọ; ụfọdụ reconstructions nke usoro hapụ ụbọchị ise nke Egypt intercalary ọnwa. Ọkpọ oku zodiac nwere ihe odide Greek nke ndị otu zodiac, nke ekwenyere na ọ ga adaba na ụdị ọnwa okpomọkụ kama ịbụ sidereal :: 8 [[Usòrò:Antikythera_model_front_panel_Mogi_Vicentini_2007.JPG|thumb|N'ihu panel nke a 2007 re mere]] * ΚΡΙΟΣ (Krios [Ram], Aries) * ΤΑΥΡΟΣ (Tauros [Bull], Taurus) * ΔΙΔΥΜΟΙ (Didymoi [Twins], Gemini) * ΚΑΡΚΙΝΟΣ (Karkinos [Crab], Cancer) * ΛΕΩΝ (Leon [Lion], Leo) * ΠΑΡΘΕΝΟΣ (Parthenos [Maiden], Virgo) * ΧΗΛΑΙ (Chelai [Scorpio's Claw or Zygos], Libra) * ΣΚΟΡΠΙΟΣ (Skorpios [Scorpion], Scorpio) * ΤΟΞΟΤΗΣ (Toxotes [Archer], Sagittarius) * ΑΙΓΟΚΕΡΩΣ (Aigokeros [Goat-horned], Capricorn) * ΥΔΡΟΧΟΟΣ (Hydrokhoos [Water carrier], Aquarius) * ΙΧΘΥΕΣ (Ichthyes [Fish], Pisces) Ọzọkwa na ọkpụkpọ zodiac bụ otu mkpụrụedemede na isi ihe (lee nrụgharị na ref). Akpọrọ ha na parapegma, ihe mmalite nke almanac nke oge a nke edere n'ihu ihu n'elu na n'okpuru ọpịpị. Ha na aka akara ebe ogologo oge dị na eklips maka kpakpando ụfọdụ. Parapegma dị n'elu ọpịpị a a-agụ ( braket square a-egosi ederede atụnyere): {| class="wikitable" |Α |ΑΙΓΟΚΕΡΩΣ ΑΡΧΕΤΑΙΑΝΑΤΕΛΛΕΙΝ [...] Α |[[Capricornus|Capricorn]] begins to rise | rowspan="11" style="background:white;" |  |Ι |ΚΡΙΟΣ ΑΡΧΕΤΑΙ ΕΠΙΤΕΛΛΕΙΝ<br /><br />[...] Α |Aries begins to rise |- | |ΤΡΟΠΑΙ ΧΕΙΜΕΡΙΝΑΙ [...] Α |Winter solstice | |ΙΣΗΜΕΡΙΑ ΕΑΡΙΝΗ [...] Α |Vernal equinox |- |Β |[...] ΕΙ ΕΣΠΕΡΙ |... evening |Κ |[...] ΕΣΠΕΡΙΑ [...] ΙΑ |... evening |- |Γ |[...] ΙΕΣΠΕΡΙ |... evening |Λ |ΥΑΔΕΣ ΔΥΝΟΥΣΙΝ<br /><br />ΕΣΠΕΡΙΑΙ [...] ΚΑ |The Hyades set in the evening |- |Δ |[...] ΥΔΡΟΧΟΟΣ ΑΡΧΕΤΑΙ<br /><br />ΕΠΙΤΕΛΛΕΙΝΑ |Aquarius begins to rise |Μ |ΤΑΥΡΟΣ ΑΡΧΕΤΑΙ<br /><br />Ε{Π}ΙΤΕΛΛΕΙΝΑ |[[Taurus (ìgwè kpakpando)|Taurus]] begins to rise |- |Ε |[...] ΕΣΠΕΡΙΟΣ [...] Ι{Ο} |... evening |Ν |ΛΥΡΑ ΕΠΙΤΕΛΛΕΙ<br /><br />ΕΣΠΕΡΙΛ [...] Δ |[[Lyra]] rises in the evening |- |Ζ |[...] ΡΙΑΙ [...] Κ |... {evening} |Ξ |ΠΛΕΙΑΣ ΕΠΙΤΕΛΛΕΙ<br /><br />ΕΩΙΑ [...] Ι |The Pleiades rise in the morning |- |Η |ΙΧΘΥΕΣ ΑΡΧΟΝΤΑΙ<br /><br />ΕΠΙΤΕΛΛΕΙΝ [...] Α |[[Azụ (ìgwè kpakpando)|Pisces]] begins to rise |Ο |ΥΑΣ ΕΠΙΤΕΛΛΕΙ ΕΩΙΑ [...] Δ |The Hyades rise in the morning |- |Θ |[...] {Ι}Α | |Π |ΔΙΔΥΜΟΙ ΑΡΧΟΝΤΑ<br /><br />ΕΠΙΤΕΛΛΕΙΝ [...] Α |Gemini begins to rise |- | colspan="3;" rowspan="2;" style="background:white;" |  |Ρ |ΑΕΤΟΣ ΕΠΙΤΕΛΛΕΙ ΕΣΠΕΡΙΟΣ |Altair rises in the evening |- |Σ |ΑΡΚΤΟΥΡΟΣ ΔΥΝΕΙ Ε{Ω}{Ι}ΟΣ |Arcturus sets in the morning |} Parapegma dị n'okpuru ọkpụkpọ na agụ: {| class="wikitable" |Α |ΧΗΛΑΙ ΑΡΧΟΝΤΑ<br /><br />ΕΠΙΤΕΛΛΕΙΝ [...] Α |[[Libra (ìgwè kpakpando)|Libra]] begins to rise | rowspan="12" style="background:white;" |  |Μ |ΚΑΡΚΙΝΟΣ ΑΡΧΕΤΑΙ<br /><br />[...] Α |Cancer begins {to rise} |- | |{Ι}ΣΗΜΕΡΙΑ ΦΘΙΝΟΠΩΡΙΝΗ<br /><br />[...] Α |Autumnal equinox | |ΤΡΟΠΑΙ ΘΕΡΙΝΑΙ [...] Α |Summer solstice |- |Β |[...] ΑΝΑΤΕΛΛΟΥΣΙΝ<br /><br />ΕΣΠΕΡΙΟΙΙΑ |... rise in the evening |Ν |ΩΡΙΩΝ ΑΝΤΕΛΛΕΙ ΕΩΙΟΣ |Orion precedes the morning |- |Γ |[...] ΑΝΑΤΕΛΛΕΙ ΕΣΠΕΡΙΑΙΔ |... rise in the evening |Ξ |{Κ}ΥΩΝ ΑΝΤΕΛΛΕΙ ΕΩΙΟΣ |Canis Major precedes the morning |- |Δ |[...] ΤΕΛΛΕΙΙ{Ο} |... rise |Ο |ΑΕΤΟΣ ΔΥΝΕΙ ΕΩΙΟΣ |Altair sets in the morning |- |Ε |ΣΚΟΡΠΙΟΣ ΑΡΧΕΤΑΙ<br /><br />ΑΝΑΤΕΛΛΕΙΝΑ |Scorpio begins to rise |Π |ΛΕΩΝ ΑΡΧΕΤΑΙ<br /><br />ΕΠΙΤΕΛΛΕΙΝ [...] Α |Leo begins to rise |- |Ζ |[...] | |Ρ |[...] | |- |Η |[...] | |Σ |[...] | |- |Θ |[...] | |Τ |[...] | |- |Ι |ΤΟΞΟΤΗΣ ΑΡΧΕΤΑΙ<br /><br />ΕΠΙΤΕΛΛΕΙΝ [...] Α |[[Sagittarius (ìgwè kpakpando)|Sagittarius]] begins to rise |Υ |[...] | |- |Κ |[...] | |Φ |[...] | |- |Λ |[...] | |Χ |[...] | |} Opekempe, ntụnye aka abụọ gosipụtara ọnọdụ ozu n'elu eklips. Ihe nrịbama ọnwa na egosi ọnọdụ ọnwa, na egosipụtara ihe nrịbama anyanwụ pụtara, ikekwe na agbakọ okpukpu abụọ dị ka akara ụbọchị dị ugbu a. Ọnọdụ ọnwa abụghị ihe ngosi ọnwa dị mfe nke ga egosi mmegharị n'otu n'otu gburugburu okirikiri okirikiri; kama, ọ gbasara osooso na mbelata nke ọnwa elliptical orbit, site na mbido izizi nke ihe eji eme ihe. Ọ chọpụtakwara ụzọ nke ọnwa elliptical orbit na gburugburu eklips n'ime okirikiri afọ 8.88. Ọnọdụ Sun bụ, site na nkọwa, ụbọchị dị ugbu a. A na eche na ebe ọ bụ na etinyere nnukwu mgbalị iji hụ na ọnọdụ ọnwa ziri ezi,: 20, 24  ọ ga abụkwa na enwekwara ihe nrịbama "ezi anyanwụ" na mgbakwunye na ihe ngosi Sun, iji soro elliptical anomaly nke. Sun (okirikiri Ụwa gburugburu Sun), ma ọ dịghị ihe àmà nke ya n'etiti iberibe achọtara. N'otu aka ahụ, ọ dịghịkwa ihe akaebe nke ihe nrịbama nke mbara ala maka mbara ala ise ndị Gris maara n'etiti iberibe. Mana lee atụmatụ gia echere n'okpuru. Injinia injinia Michael Wright gosipụtara na enwere usoro iji weta usoro ọnwa na mgbakwunye na ọnọdụ ahụ. Ihe ngosi bụ obere bọọlụ agbakwunyere na akara ọnwa, ọkara na acha ọcha na ọkara oji, nke na atụgharị iji gosi oge (ọhụrụ, nkeji mbụ, ọkara, nkeji nke atọ, zuru ezu na azụ). A na enweta data iji kwado ọrụ a nyere Sun na Ọnwa ọnọdụ dịka ntụgharị akụkụ akụkụ; N'ezie, ọ bụ akụkụ dị n'etiti abụọ ahụ, sụgharịa n'ime ntụgharị nke bọọlụ ahụ. Ọ na achọ ngwa dị iche, nhazi nhazi nke na agbakọta ma ọ bụ na ekewa ntinye akụkụ abụọ. ==== Ihu azụ ==== Na 2008, ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị kọrọ nchoputa ọhụrụ na Nature na egosi usoro ọ bụghị nanị na esochi kalenda Metonic na amụma chi jiri n'ehihie, kamakwa gbakọọ oge egwuregwu egwuregwu panhellenic, dị ka egwuregwu Olympic oge ochie. Ihe odide ndị dị na ngwá ọrụ ahụ kwekọrọ na aha ọnwa ndị e ji mee ihe na kalenda sitere na Epirus nke dị n'ebe ugwu ọdịda anyanwụ Gris nakwa n'àgwàetiti Corfu, bụ́ nke a na akpọ Corcyra n'oge ochie. N'azụ usoro ahụ, enwere ọkpụkpọ ise: nnukwu ngosi abụọ ahụ, Metonic na Saros, na ihe ngosi atọ dị nta, nke a na akpọ Olympiad Dial, nke akpọgharịrị aha ọkpụkpọ egwuregwu dịka ọ naghị eso Olympiad afọ (afọ). okirikiri afọ anọ ọ na akpachi anya bụ Halieiad), Callipic, na exeligmos.: 11 Ọkpọ oku metonic bụ isi ọkpụkpọ dị n'azụ nke usoro ahụ. Usoro Metonic, nke akọwapụtara n'ọtụtụ akụkụ anụ ahụ, bụ ọnwa synodic 235, nke dị nso (n'ime ihe na erughị 13 otu nde) ruo afọ 19 okpomọkụ. Ya mere ọ bụ oge dị mma maka ịtụgharị n'etiti kalenda ọnwa na anyanwụ. Ọkpọ oku Metonic na ekpuchi ọnwa 235 n'ime ngbanwe ise nke ọkpụkpọ ahụ, na eso usoro okirikiri ya na onye na eso ụzọ na pointer nke na edobe oyi akwa nke gburugburu. Ntuziaka ahụ na arụtụ aka na ọnwa synodic, nke a na agụ site na ọnwa ọhụrụ ruo ọnwa ọhụrụ, na cell nwere aha ọnwa ndị Kọrịnt. # Ya mere, ịtọ oge anyanwụ ziri ezi (na ụbọchị) n'ihu panel na egosi ọnwa nke ọnwa dị ugbu a na azụ panel, na mkpebi n'ime otu izu ma ọ bụ karịa. Dabere n'eziokwu na aha ọnwa kalenda kwekọrọ na ihe akaebe niile nke kalenda Epirote yana na ọkpụkpọ egwuregwu na ekwu maka obere egwuregwu Naa nke Dodona (na Epirus), a na arụ ụka na kalenda na usoro ahụ nwere ike. bụrụ kalenda Epirote, na na eleghi anya ka ewepụtara kalenda nke a site na mpaghara ndị Kọrịnt na Epirus, ikekwe Ambracia. A na arụ ụka na ọnwa mbụ nke kalenda, Phoinikaios, bụ ọnwa nke oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ dara, na ụbọchị mmalite nke kalenda malitere obere oge ka ọnwa ọhụrụ nke mbara igwe nke 23 August 205 BC gasịrị. Ọkpọ oku egwuregwu bụ ọkpụkpọ oku sekọndịrị ziri ezi; ọ bụ naanị ihe nrịbama na ngwá ọrụ na aga n'ihu elekere elekere ka oge na aga. A na ekewa ọkpụkpọ ọkpụkpọ ahụ na mpaghara anọ, nke ọ bụla n'ime ha ka edere ya na ihe ngosi afọ na aha egwuregwu Panhellenic abụọ: egwuregwu "okpueze" nke Isthmia, Olympia, Nemea, na Pythia; na egwuregwu abụọ dị obere: Naa (nke a na eme na Dodona) na Halieia nke Rhodes. Ihe odide nke ọ bụla n'ime ngalaba anọ ahụ bụ: {| class="wikitable" |+Olympic dial !Year of the cycle !Inside the dial inscription !Outside the dial inscription |- !1 |LΑ |ΙΣΘΜΙΑ (Isthmia)<br /><br />ΟΛΥΜΠΙΑ (Olympia) |- !2 |LΒ |ΝΕΜΕΑ (Nemea)<br /><br />NAA (Naa) |- !3 |LΓ |ΙΣΘΜΙΑ (Isthmia) <br /><br />ΠΥΘΙΑ (Pythia) |- !4 |LΔ |ΝΕΜΕΑ (Nemea)<br /><br />ΑΛΙΕΙΑ (Halieia) |} Ọkpọ oku Saros bụ isi ọkpụkpọ okirikiri dị ala n'azụ nke usoro ahụ.: 4–5, 10  okirikiri Saros dị afọ 18 na ụbọchị ogologo (6585.333 ... ụbọchị), nke dị nso na ọnwa synodic 223 (6585.3211 ụbọchị). ). A kọwapụtara ya dị ka okirikiri nke ikwugharị ọnọdụ ndị a chọrọ iji mee ka chi jiri n’ehihie na nke ọnwa, ya mere, a pụrụ iji ya buru amụma ha—ọ bụghị nanị ọnwa, kama ụbọchị na oge nke ụbọchị. okirikiri ahụ dị ihe dịka awa 8 n'ogologo karịa ọnụọgụ ọnụọgụ ụbọchị. N'ịbụ nke a sụgharịa n'ọkpụkpụ zuru ụwa ọnụ, nke ahụ pụtara n'ehihie na apụta ọ bụghị nanị awa asatọ ka e mesịrị, ma otu ụzọ n'ụzọ atọ nke ntụgharị gawa n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ. Glyphs dị na 51 n'ime sel ọnwa synodic 223 nke ọkpụkpọ na akọwapụta ihe omume nke ọnwa 38 na 27 anyanwụ chi jiri. Ụfọdụ nbibiri okwu ndị dị na glyphs gụrụ: * Glyphs na egosi ma chi jiri n'ehihie ọ bụ anyanwụ ma ọ bụ ọnwa, ma nye ụbọchị nke ọnwa na elekere. Enwere ike ghara ịhụ chi jiri n'ehihie n'oge ọ bụla, a na ahụkwa chi jiri n'ọnwa naanị ma ọ bụrụ na ọnwa dị n'elu mbara igwe n'oge awa a kara aka.: 6  Tụkwasị na nke ahụ, ahịrị ndị dị n'ime na ebe kadinal nke ọkpụkpọ Saros na egosi mmalite nke a. okirikiri ọnwa zuru oke. Dabere na nkesa nke oge chi jiri n'ehihie, a na-arụ ụka na ụbọchị mmalite nke ọkpụkpọ Saros bụ obere oge ka ọnwa ọhụrụ nke mbara igwe gasịrị nke 28 Eprel 205 BC. Ọkpọ oku Exeligmos bụ ọkpụkpọ ala nke abụọ na azụ nke sistemụ. okirikiri exeligmos bụ okirikiri Saros dị afọ 54 nke dị ụbọchị 19,756 ogologo. Ebe ọ bụ na ogologo nke Saros okirikiri bụ otu ụzọ n'ụzọ atọ nke otu ụbọchị (ya bụ, 6,585 ụbọchị gbakwunyere 8 awa), a full exeligmos okirikiri laghachi agụta na ihe integral nọmba nke ụbọchị, dị ka e gosipụtara na e dere. Akara akara na ngalaba atọ ya bụ:: 10 Ya mere, ihe nrịbama ọkpụkpọ na egosi awa ole a ga agbakwunyere na oge glyph nke ọkpụkpọ Saros iji gbakọọ oge n'ehihie n'ehihie. [Ihe ndekọ achọrọ] === Ọnụ ụzọ === [[Usòrò:Manual2021-X_MOUSSAS_SAROS.jpg|thumb|ΣΚΓ, na egosi okirikiri Saros nke ọnwa 223]] Usoro ahụ nwere ihe mkpuchi osisi nwere ihu na azụ, ma nwere ihe odide. Ọnụ ụzọ azụ dị ka ọ bụ 'akwụkwọ ntuziaka'. N'otu n'ime iberibe ya ka edere "afọ 76, afọ 19" na anọchite anya okirikiri Callipic na Metonic. Edekwara ya bụ "223" maka okirikiri Saros. N'otu akụkụ ya ọzọ, edere ya "na mpaghara gburugburu 235" na ezo aka na ọkpụkpọ Metonic. === Ịkwado === Usoro a dị ịrịba ama maka ọkwa nke miniaturization na mgbagwoju anya nke akụkụ ya, bụ nke a na atụnyere nke elekere mbara igwe nke narị afọ nke 14. O nwere opekata mpe 30, ọ bụ ezie na ọkachamara n'ịrụ ọrụ Michael Wright tụrụ aro na ndị Gris nke oge a nwere ike itinye usoro nwere ọtụtụ ngwa ngwa. Enwere arụmụka maka ma usoro ahụ nwere ihe ngosi maka mbara ala ise niile mara ndị Gris oge ochie. Ọ nweghị ihe eji eme ihe ngosi mbara ala dị otú ahụ na adị ndụ ma a na agụta ngwa ngwa niile - ewezuga otu gia nwere ezé 63 (r1) ma ọ bụghị nke a na enwetaghị na iberibe D. Iberibe D bụ obere mkpọda okirikiri nke, dị ka Xenophon Moussas si kwuo, nwere ngwa n'ime ngwa oghere dị ntakịrị. Ngwa dị n'ime na agagharị n'ime gia dị n'èzí na emepụtagharị mmegharị nke epicyclical nke, jiri ihe nrịbama na enye ọnọdụ nke mbara ala Jupiter. A na agụ ngwa ime ime ya 45, “ME” n’asụsụ Grik, e dekwara otu nọmba ahụ n’elu elu abụọ nke obere igbe cylindrical a. Ebumnobi nke ihu ihu bụ idobe ahụ nke mbara igwe n'ihe gbasara mbara igwe n'akụkụ eklips, n'ihe gbasara ọnọdụ onye na ekiri ya n'ụwa. Nke ahụ adịghị mkpa na ajụjụ ma a na agbakọ ọnọdụ ahụ site na iji heliocentric ma ọ bụ geocentric ele nke Sistemụ Anyanwụ; ma usoro mgbakọ na mwepụ kwesịrị, ma mee, mee ka otu ọnọdụ ahụ pụta (na eleghara elliptical anya), n'ime ihe ndị na ezighị ezi nke usoro ahụ. The epicyclic anyanwụ usoro nke Ptolemy (c. 100 AD–c. 170 AD)—narị afọ mgbe o doro anya na ewu ụbọchị nke usoro — na-aga n'ihu na ọtụtụ epicycles, na bụ ihe ziri ezi ịkọ ọnọdụ nke mbara ala karịa echiche nke Copernicus. (1473–1543), ruo mgbe Kepler (1571–1630) webatara ohere na orbits bụ ellipses. Evans et al. na atụ aro na iji gosipụta ọnọdụ nke mbara ala ise oge gboo ga achọ naanị gia 17 ọzọ enwere ike idowe ya n'ihu nnukwu ngwa ịnya ụgbọ ala wee gosi site na iji okirikiri okirikiri n'otu n'otu na ihu. Freeth na Jones chepụtara ma bipụta nkọwapụta nke ụdị site na iji ụgbọ oloko gia mebere nke yiri usoro anomaly nke ọnwa, na enye ohere maka ngosipụta nke ọnọdụ mbara ala, yana njikọ nke Anomaly Sun. Ha na ekwu na usoro ha dị ezigbo mma karịa ihe nlereanya Wright, ebe ọ na eji nkà ama ama nke ndị Gris ma ghara itinye mgbagwoju anya ma ọ bụ nrụgide dị n'ime igwe. Ezé gia dị n'ụdị triangles nhata nwere nkezi okirikiri okirikiri nke 1.6 mm, nkezi ọkpụrụkpụ wheel nke 1.4 mm yana nkezi oghere ikuku n'etiti gia nke 1.2 mm. E nwere ike ịmepụta ezé site na gburugburu ọla nke oghere na eji ngwá ọrụ aka; nke a pụtara ìhè n'ihi na ọ bụghị ha niile na ada. N'ihi ọganihu na nkà na ụzụ X-ray na aga n'ihu, ọ ga ekwe omume ugbu a ịmata ọnụ ọgụgụ ezé na nha nke gia n'ime mpekere ndị dị. Ya mere, ọrụ bụ isi nke ngwaọrụ ahụ abụghịzi ihe omimi ma megharịa ya nke ọma. Isi amaghi ama ka bụ ajụjụ nke ọnụnọ na ọdịdị nke ihe ngosi ụwa ọ bụla.: 8 Tebụl nke gia, ezé ha, na ntụgharị a na-atụ anya na agbakọ nke ngwa dị mkpa na esote. Ọrụ gia sitere na Freeth et al. (2008) na maka ọkara ala nke tebụl sitere na Freeth et al. (2012). Ụkpụrụ agbakọtara na amalite site na otu afọ kwa mgbanwe maka gia b1, ma ndị fọdụrụ na agbakọ ozugbo site na nha nha nha. Ngwa ngwa ejiri akara akara (*) na-efu, ma ọ bụ nwee ndị bu ya ụzọ na efu, site na usoro amaara; agbakọla ngwa ngwa ndị a site na ọnụ ọgụgụ ezé gia kwesịrị ekwesị. (A na agbakọ ogologo na ụbọchị na eche na afọ bụ ụbọchị 365.2425.) {| class="wikitable" |+The Antikythera Mechanism: known and proposed gears and accuracy of computation !Gear name !Function of the gear/pointer !Desired length of a full circular revolution !Mechanism formula !Computed interval !Gear direction |- !x |Year gear |1 tropical year |1 (by definition) |1 year (presumed) |cw |- !b |The Moon's orbit |1 sidereal month (27.321661 days) |Time(b) = Time(x) * (c1 / b2) * (d1 / c2) * (e2 / d2) * (k1 / e5) * (e6 / k2) * (b3 / e1) |27.321 days |cw |- !r |Lunar phase display |1 synodic month (29.530589 days) |Time(r) = 1 / (1 / Time(b2 [mean sun] or sun3 [true sun])) – (1 / Time(b))) |29.530 days<ref group="table" name="epicycle" /> name=epicycle>On average, due to epicyclic gearing causing accelerations and decelerations.</ref> | clockwise | |- !n* |Metonic pointer |Metonic cycle () / 5 spirals around the dial = 1387.94 days |Time(n) = Time(x) * (l1 / b2) * (m1 /l2) * (n1 / m2) |1387.9 days |ccw |- !o* |Games dial pointer |4 years |Time(o) = Time(n) * (o1 / n2) |4.00 years |cw<ref group="table" name="boxside" /> |- !q* |Callippic pointer |27758.8 days |Time(q) = Time(n) * (p1 / n3) * (q1 /p2) |27758 days |ccw<ref group="table" name="boxside" /> |- !e* |Lunar orbit precession |8.85 years |Time(e) = Time(x) * (l1 / b2) * (m1 / l2) * (e3 / m3) |8.8826 years |ccw |- !g* |Saros cycle |Saros time / 4 turns = 1646.33 days |Time(g) = Time(e) * (f1 / e4) * (g1 / f2) |1646.3 days |ccw<ref group="table" name="boxside" /> |- !i* |Exeligmos pointer |19755.8 days |Time(i) = Time(g) * (h1 / g2) * (i1 / h2) |19756 days |ccw<ref group="table" name="boxside" /> |- ! colspan="6" style="text-align: center;" |The following are proposed gearing from the 2012 Freeth and Jones reconstruction: |- !sun3* |True sun pointer |1 mean year |Time(sun3) = Time(x) * (sun3 / sun1) * (sun2 / sun3) |1 mean year<ref group="table" name="epicycle" /> |cw |- !mer2* |Mercury pointer |115.88 days (synodic period) |Time(mer2) = Time(x) * (mer2 / mer1) |115.89 days<ref group="table" name="epicycle" /> |cw<ref group="table" name="retro" /> |- !ven2* |Venus pointer |583.93 days (synodic period) |Time(ven2) = Time(x) * (ven1 / sun1) |584.39 days<ref group="table" name="epicycle" /> |cw<ref group="table" name="retro" /> |- !mars4* |Mars pointer |779.96 days (synodic period) |Time(mars4) = Time(x) * (mars2 / mars1) * (mars4 / mars3) |779.84 days<ref group="table" name="epicycle" /> |cw<ref group="table" name="retro" /> |- !jup4* |Jupiter pointer |398.88 days (synodic period) |Time(jup4) = Time(x) * (jup2 / jup1) * (jup4 / jup3) |398.88 days<ref group="table" name="epicycle" /> |cw<ref group="table" name="retro" /> |- !sat4* |Saturn pointer |378.09 days (synodic period) |Time(sat4) = Time(x) * (sat2 / sat1) * (sat4 / sat3) |378.06 days<ref group="table" name="epicycle" /> |cw<ref group="table" name="retro" /> |} <references group="table" responsive="0"></references> Enwere ọnụọgụ gia dị iche iche maka ụwa nke ọ bụla na ebute nsonazụ nso na ụkpụrụ ziri ezi maka oge synodic nke mbara ala na anyanwụ. Ndị ahọpụtara n'elu dị ka ndị ziri ezi, nwere ọnụ ọgụgụ nha nha nha, mana amabeghị ngwa ngwa ndị ejiri n'ezie. ==== Atụmatụ gia mara ==== [[Usòrò:AntikytheraMechanismSchematic-Freeth12.png|thumb|Ihe nlere anya nke nleba anya nke gearing nke Antikythera Mechanism, gụnyere nkọwa nke 2012 bipụtara nke gearing dị ugbu a, agbakwunyere agbakwunyere iji rụọ ọrụ ama ama zuru oke, yana ntinye aka iji rụzuo ọrụ ndị ọzọ, ya bụ ezigbo ntụ ntụ na ntụzịaka maka mbara ala ise a ma ama mgbe ahụ. dị ka Freeth na Jones tụrụ aro, 2012. Dabere na eserese yiri nke ahụ na Freeth 2006 Supplement and Wright 2005, Epicycles Part 2. Atụpụtara (dị ka a na amaghị site na artefact) gearing crosshatched.]] O yikarịrị ka enwere ọkpụkpọ mbara ala, ebe a na.ekwu maka mmegharị ahụ gbagwojuru anya na oge nke mbara ala niile na ntuziaka nke usoro ahụ. A maghị kpọmkwem ọnọdụ na usoro maka gia nke mbara ala. Enweghị usoro coaxial ma ọ bụ naanị maka ọnwa. Iberibe D nke bụ usoro epicycloidal, a na ahụta dị ka ihe eji eme mbara ala maka Jupiter (Moussas, 2011, 2012, 2014) ma ọ bụ ihe eji eme ihe maka ngagharị nke Sun (otu mahadum nke Thessaloniki). A na arụ ọrụ Sun Gear site na crank ejiri aka rụọ ọrụ (jikọrọ na gear a1, na akwọ ụgbọ mmiri nke nwere nnukwu okwu anọ pụtara Sun gear, b1) na n'aka nke ya na ebugharị ihe ndị ọzọ gia. The Sun Gear bụ b1/b2 na b2 nwere 64 ezé. Ọ na eme ozugbo akara ụbọchị/ pụtara anyanwụ (enwere ike ịbụ nke abụọ, “ezi anyanwụ” pointer nke gosipụtara anomaly nke Sun; a tụlere ya n'okpuru na nrụgharị Freeth). N'ime mkparịta ụka a, ntụnyere aka bụ oge ngbanwe nke ihe nrịbama na ihe nrịbama dị iche iche; ha niile na eche na ntụgharị ntinye nke b1 gear nke ogo 360, dabara na otu afọ okpomọkụ, ma na agbakọ ya naanị na ndabere nke gia nke gia akpọrọ aha. Ụgbọ oloko nke ọnwa na amalite site na gia b1 wee gaa n'ihu site na c1, c2, d1, d2, e2, e5, k1, k2, e6, e1, na b3 gaa na akara ọnwa na ihu ihu. Gears k1 na k2 na etolite usoro ihe eji eme ihe nke epicyclic; ha bụ otu ụzọ gia nke na adịghị ntupu, kama, ha na-arụ ọrụ ihu na ihu, na etinye obere ntụtụ na k1 n'ime oghere na k2. Ngwa abụọ ahụ nwere ebe ntụgharị dị iche iche, yabụ ntụtụ ga agarịrị azụ na azụ na oghere. Nke ahụ na abawanye ma na-ebelata radius nke a na ebugharị k2, na-agbanwekwa ka ọ na agbanwe ọsọ ọsọ ya (na-eche na ọsọ nke k1 dị ọbụna) ngwa ngwa n'akụkụ ụfọdụ nke ntụgharị karịa ndị ọzọ. N'ime mgbanwe dum, nkezi ngwa ngwa bụ otu, mana mgbanwe ngwa ngwa na adị nwayọọ na egosipụta mmetụta nke elliptical orbit nke ọnwa, n'ihi iwu nke abụọ na nke atọ nke Kepler. Oge ntụgharị ntụgharị nke ọnwa pointer (nkezi ihe karịrị otu afọ) bụ ụbọchị 27.321, ma e jiri ya tụnyere ogologo oge nke ọnwa sidereal nke ọnwa 27.321661. Oghere pin / oghere nke k1 / k2 gears na agbanwe mgbanwe n'ime otu afọ, na ịrị elu nke ngwa abụọ ahụ na gia e3 na enye ọganihu tupu oge eruo na ihe ngosi elliptical na oge nke 8.8826 afọ, ma e jiri ya tụnyere uru dị ugbu a. nke precession oge nke ọnwa nke 8.85 afọ. Usoro a na egosipụtakwa usoro nke ọnwa. Ihe nrịbama ọnwa na ejide ogwe n'ogologo ya, nke a na etinye obere ngwa aha ya bụ r, nke na ejikọta ya na Sun pointer na B0 (njikọ dị n'etiti B0 na ndị ọzọ B adịghị ahụ anya na usoro mbụ, ya mere ma b0 bụ. ụbọchị dị ugbu a/ pụtara Sun pointer ma ọ bụ echiche nke ezi Sun adịghị amata). Ngwa ahụ na agbagharị gburugburu ọkpụkpọ na Ọnwa, ma a na echekwa ya na Sun mmetụta ya bụ ịrụ ọrụ dị iche iche, ya mere ngwa ahụ na atụgharị n'oge ọnwa synodic, na atụle ya, akụkụ nke ọdịiche dị n'etiti Sun. na ihe nrịbama ọnwa. Ngwa ahụ na ebugharị obere bọọlụ na apụta site na oghere dị na ihu ọnwa pointer, na ese ogologo ogologo ọkara ọcha na ọkara ojii, na egosipụta usoro ya na eserese. Ọ na atụgharị n'ụdị ntụgharị oge nke ụbọchị 29.53; Uru nke oge a maka ọnwa synodic bụ 29.530589 ụbọchị. Ụgbọ okporo ígwè Metonic na eji ụgbọ okporo ígwè b1, b2, l1, l2, m1, m2, na n1, nke ejikọrọ na pointer. Ogologo oge ntụgharị nke ihe nrịbama bụ ogologo nke ụbọchị 6939.5 (n'elu okirikiri ntụgharị ise dum), ebe uru ọgbara ọhụrụ maka okirikiri Metonic bụ ụbọchị 6939.69. Ụgbọ oloko Olympiad bụ b1, b2, l1, l2, m1, m2, n1, n2, na o1, nke na ebuli pointer. O nwere oge ngbanwe agbakọtara ọnụ nke afọ anọ, dịka a tụrụ anya ya. Ọ bụ naanị ihe nrịba ama na usoro na aga n'ihu elekere; ndị ọzọ niile na atụgharị n'akụkụ elekere. Ụgbọ oloko Calllippic bụ b1, b2, l1, l2, m1, m2, n1, n3, p1, p2, na q1, na ebuli ihe nrịbama ahụ. O nwere oge ngbanwe agbakọtara nke ụbọchị 27758, ebe uru ọgbara ọhụrụ bụ ụbọchị 27758.8. Ụgbọ okporo ígwè Saros na eji b1, b2, l1, l2, m1, m3, e3, e4, f1, f2, na g1 na anya, nke na ebuli ihe nrịbama ahụ. Oge ntụgharị nke ihe nrịbama Saros a haziri ahazi bụ ụbọchị 1646.3 (na ntụgharị anọ n'akụkụ egwu ihe nrịba ama); Ọnụ ego nke oge a bụ 1646.33 ụbọchị. Ụgbọ okporo ígwè Exeligmos bụ b1, b2, l1, l2, m1, m3, e3, e4, f1, f2, g1, g2, h1, h2, na i1, nke na-ebuli ihe ntụnye ahụ. Oge ntụgharị ihe atụ nke exeligmos pointer bụ ụbọchị 19,756; uru nke oge a bụ 19755.96 ụbọchị. Ọ dị ka gia m3, n1-3, p1-2, na q1 anwụghị n'ime mkpọmkpọ ebe ahụ. A na ewepụ ọrụ nke ihe nrịbama ahụ site na foduru nke dial na ihu azụ, na ezi uche, ngwa ngwa kwesịrị ekwesị iji mezuo ọrụ ndị a tụrụ aro ma nabata ya n'ozuzu ya. == Mgbalị nwughari == === Atụmatụ akụrụngwa atụpụtara === N'ihi nnukwu ohere dị n'etiti gia Sun na n'ihu nke ikpe ahụ na nha na njiri arụ ọrụ na gia Sun, ọ ga abụ na usoro ahụ nwere ntinye ọzọ nke furu efu na ma ọ bụ sochiri ụgbọ mmiri ahụ. , ma ọ bụ wepụrụ tupu ebuba ya n'ụgbọ mmiri. Enweghị ihe akaebe a na ọdịdị nke akụkụ dị n'ihu nke usoro ahụ emeela ka a na agbalị iṅomi ihe ndị Gris oge ochie gaara eme na n'ihi enweghị ihe àmà, a na etinye ọtụtụ ngwọta n'ime ọtụtụ afọ. Mana ka enweela ọganihu n'ịtụle ihe owuwu dị n'ime na ịkọwapụta ihe odide ndị ahụ, ewepụla ụdị ndị mbụ ma mepụta ụdị ka mma.   Derek J. de Solla Price wuru ihe nlereanya dị mfe na 1970s. N'afọ 2002, Michael Wright chepụtara ma wuo ihe nlereanya mbụ a na arụ ọrụ nke nwere usoro a ma ama na nṅomi ya nke usoro mbara ala nwere ike. Ọ tụrụ aro na yana anomaly nke ọnwa, a ga emezigharị maka ọdịda anyanwụ dị omimi, nke bụ isi (nke a maara dị ka "anomaly mbụ"). Ọ gụnyere ihe ntụnye aka maka "ezi anyanwụ" a, Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, na Saturn, na mgbakwunye na "anyanwụ pụtara" (oge dị ugbu a) na akara ọnwa. Evans, Carman, na Thorndike bipụtara ngwọta na 2010 nwere nnukwu ọdịiche sitere na Wright. Atụmatụ ha lekwasịrị anya n'ihe ha hụrụ dị ka oghere na adịghị mma nke ihe odide ndị dị n'ihu ọkpụkpọ ihu, nke dị ha ka ọ na egosi nhazi ihe ngosi anyanwụ na adịghị n'etiti; nke a ga eme ka usoro ahụ dị mfe site n'iwepụ mkpa ọ dị ịme emume anyanwụ. Ha tụrụ aro na ọ bụghị akara ngosi mbara ala ziri ezi (nke mere na ọ gaghị ekwe omume site na ihe odide defiset) a ga enwe ọkpụkpọ dị mfe maka mbara ala nke ọ bụla, na egosi ozi dị ka ihe omume ndị dị mkpa na okirikiri mbara ala, ọdịdị mbụ na nke ikpeazụ na mbara igwe abalị, na ntụzịaka pụtara ìhè. mgbanwe. Usoro a ga eduga na usoro ngwa ngwa dị mfe, yana ike na mgbagwoju anya dị ntakịrị, ma e jiri ya tụnyere ihe nlereanya Wright. Amụma ha jiri ụgbọ oloko dị mfe meshed gia wee gụpụta ihe eji eme eze 63 nke na akọwaghị ya na mbụ n'iberibe D. Ha tụpụtara nhazi efere ihu abụọ, nke nwere akara n'otu n'otu, na nke ọzọ nwere oghere n'elu ihu, iji kọwaa nkatọ na ha ejighị ihe ndozi pụtara na gia b1. Ha tụrụ aro na kama ịbụ ogidi na ogidi maka ngwo na axle, ha na ejide naanị ihu igwe na akara ngosi oge iji gosi na windo. N'ime akwụkwọ e bipụtara na 2012, Carman, Thorndike, na Evans tụkwara usoro nhazi nke epicyclic nwere ndị na eso pin na oghere. Freeth na Jones bipụtara atụmatụ na 2012. Ha tụrụ aro kọmpat na ngwọta ga ekwe omume maka ajụjụ nke ngosi mbara ala. Ha na atụkwa aro igosi anomaly nke anyanwụ (ya bụ, ọnọdụ anyanwụ pụtara ìhè na akara zodiac) na akara dị iche site na akara ụbọchị, nke na egosi ọnọdụ Sun pụtara, yana ụbọchị dị na ọkpụkpọ ọnwa. Ọ bụrụ na emekọrịtara ọkpụkpọ oku abụọ ahụ nke ọma, ngosipụta ihu panel ha bụ n'ezie otu ihe ahụ na nke Wright. N'adịghị ka ihe nlereanya Wright, Otú ọ dị, e wubeghị ihe nlereanya a n'anụ ahụ, ọ bụkwa naanị ụdị kọmputa 3-D. [[Usòrò:Gearing_Relationships_of_the_Antikythera_Mechanism.svg|thumb|Mmekọrịta ime ụlọ nke Antikythera Mechanism, dabere na atụmatụ Freeth na Jones]] Usoro iji mepụta anomaly nke anyanwụ yiri nke a na eji na atụmatụ Wright: gia atọ, otu nke etinyere n'etiti b1 gia ma tinye ya na spindle Sun, nke abụọ edoziri na otu n'ime ọnụ okwu (na atụmatụ ha bụ otu. na ala aka ekpe) na eme ihe dị ka ihe na abaghị uru, na nke ikpeazụ na esote nke ahụ; gia ikpeazụ dabara na ntụtụ na akwụ ụgwọ na, n'elu ntụtụ ahụ kwuru, ogwe aka nwere oghere nke n'aka nke ya, na ejikọta ya na mkpịsị anyanwụ, na akpalite anomaly ka ọ pụtara wiil Sun na atụgharị. Usoro mbara ala ka elu—Mars, Jupiter, na Saturn—ha nile na agbaso otu ụkpụrụ izugbe nke usoro nke ọnwa anomaly. Yiri sistemu ndị dị ala, onye ọ bụla nwere ngwa nke pivot etiti ya dị na ndọtị nke b1, yana nke nwere ihe mgbakwasị ụkwụ. Ọ na enye pin na etiti pivot maka gia epicyclic nke nwere oghere maka ntụtụ ahụ, yana nke ejiri ngwa etinyere na tube coaxial wee banye na pointer. Nke ọ bụla n'ime usoro atọ ahụ nwere ike dabara n'ime akụkụ anọ nke ndọtị b1, ma ha niile nọ n'otu ụgbọ elu dị ka efere ọkpụkpọ ihu. Onye ọ bụla na eji ngwa ala, ngwa ịkwọ ụgbọ ala, ngwa a na ebugharị, yana gia / coaxial tube / pointer, yabụ, gia iri na abụọ na-agbakwunye na niile. Na mkpokọta, enwere spindles coaxial asatọ nke nha nha dị iche iche iji bufee ntụgharị na usoro ahụ na nrịbama asatọ. Yabụ na ihe niile, enwere ngwa mbụ 30, gia asaa agbakwunyere iji rụọ ọrụ kalenda zuru oke, gia 17 na ogwe oghere atọ iji kwado akara ọhụrụ isii ahụ, maka mkpokọta 54 gears, ogwe atọ, na ntụnye asatọ na Freeth na Jones. imewe. Na ihe ngosi a na ahụ anya Freeth na enye, ihe nrịbama dị n'ihu zodiac ọkpụkpọ nwere obere okwute na achọpụta okirikiri. Ọ na-ezo aka na nhota sitere na papyrus oge ochie:   Otú ọ dị, nchọpụta na nchọpụta ọhụrụ na adịbeghị anya egosila na ụdị ndị a dị n'elu adịghị mma. N'afọ 2016, a chọtara nọmba 462 na 442 na nyocha onyonyo nke ihe odide ndị metụtara Venus na Saturn, n'otu n'otu. Ndị a metụtara okirikiri synodic nke mbara ala ndị a, ma gosi na usoro ahụ ziri ezi karịa ka e chere na mbụ. Na 2018, dabere na nyocha CT, Antikythera Mechanism Research Project tụpụtara mgbanwe na gearing ma mepụta akụkụ igwe dabere na nke a. Na Machị 2021, Ndị otu nyocha Antikythera na Mahadum Mahadum [[London]], nke Freeth duziri, bipụtara nrụgharị ọhụrụ nke usoro Antikythera niile. Ha nwere ike ịchọta ngwa ngwa ndị nwere ike ịkekọrịta n'etiti ụgbọ oloko ụgbọ okporo ígwè maka mbara ala dị iche iche, site n'iji ezi uche mee ihe maka usoro synodic nke nwere obere isi ihe, na ihe 7 na 17 na-eji ihe karịrị otu mbara ala. Ha kwubiri na ọ dịghị nke ọ bụla n'ime ụdị ndị gara aga "dakọtara na data niile amaara ugbu a", mana ihe nlereanya ha dabara na ya. Freeth (onye nwụrụ na 2021) eduzila vidiyo na akọwa nchoputa nke oge okirikiri synodic na nkwubi okwu banyere otu usoro ahụ si arụ ọrụ. === Izi ezi === Nnyocha Freeth na Jones mere gosiri na usoro ha simulated ezighi ezi. Ihe nrịbama Mars ruru 38° na ezighi ezi n'ụfọdụ oge (adịghị ezighi ezi ndị a na eme n'ọnụ ọnụ ụzọ ngagharị nke Mars 'retrograde, na njehie na alaghachi na ebe ndị ọzọ na orbit). Nke a abụghị n'ihi ezighi ezi na nha nha nha na usoro, mana ezughị oke na ozizi Greek nke mmegharị mbara ala. Enweghị ike imeziwanye izi ezi ruo c. 160 AD mgbe Ptolemy bipụtara Almagest ya (karịsịa site n'ịgbakwunye echiche nke equant na tiori ya), mgbe ahụ ọtụtụ oge ka e mesịrị site na iwebata iwu Kepler nke mmegharị ụwa na 1609 na 1619.   Na mgbakwunye na izi ezi nke usoro iwu, enwere okwu maka izi ezi nke igwe. Freeth na Jones na ekwu na "ịtọhapụ" a na apụghị izere ezere na usoro ahụ n'ihi ngwa eji aka wuo, na ezé triangular ha na esemokwu dị n'etiti gia, na n'elu elu, eleghị anya gaara ekpochapụworị usoro mgbazi nke anyanwụ na ọnwa ndị e wuru n'ime ya. :   Ọ bụ ezie na ngwaọrụ ahụ nwere ike ịgbasi mbọ ike na ezighi ezi, n'ihi ezé triangular bụ nke ejiri aka mee ya, ngụkọ ejiri na nkà na ụzụ emejuputa atumatu iji mepụta ụzọ elliptical nke mbara ala na retrograde nke ọnwa na Mars, site n'iji ụgbọ oloko nke clockwork. na mgbakwunye nke usoro epicyclic pin na slot, nke buru ụzọ mara nke elekere mbụ a maara n'oge ochie na Europe Medieval, ihe karịrị 1000 afọ. [nkọwa dị mkpa] Archimedes' mmepe nke uru pi dị nso na echiche ya nke etiti ike ndọda, yana usoro o mere n'ịzụlite mgbako, na atụ aro na ndị Gris nwere ihe ọmụma mgbakọ na mwepụ zuru oke karịa nke algebra nke Babilọn, iji gosipụta ọdịdị elliptical. nke mmegharị ụwa.   == Ngwa ndị yiri ya na akwụkwọ ochie == === Ụwa ndị Rom === Cicero's De re publica (54-51 BC), mkparịta ụka nkà ihe ọmụma nke narị afọ mbụ BC, kwuru banyere igwe abụọ nke ụfọdụ ndị ode akwụkwọ nke oge a na ewere dị ka ụdị planetarium ma ọ bụ orrery, na ebu amụma mmegharị nke anyanwụ, ọnwa, na mbara ala ise a maara na ya. oge ahụ. Archimedes wuru ha abụọ ma weta ha na Rome site n'aka onye ọchịagha Rome Marcus Claudius Marcellus mgbe Archimedes nwụsịrị na nnọchibido nke Syracuse na 212 BC. Marcellus nwere nkwanye ùgwù dị ukwuu maka Archimedes na otu n'ime igwe ndị a bụ naanị ihe o debere na nnọchibido (nke abụọ ka etinyere na Temple of Virtue). Edebere ngwaọrụ ahụ ka ọ bụrụ ihe nketa ezinụlọ, Cicero nwekwara Philus (otu n'ime ndị sonyere na mkparịta ụka nke Cicero chere na ọ mere na Villalọ nke Scipio Aemilianus n'afọ 129 BC) na ekwu na Gaius Sulpicius Gallus (onye nnọchi anya ya na nwa nwanne Marcellus). na 166 BC, ma Pliny the Elder kwuputara na ọ bụ onye Rom mbụ dere akwụkwọ na akọwa n'ehihie na chi jiri n'ọnwa) nyere ma "nkọwa mmụta" na ngosipụta ọrụ nke ngwaọrụ ahụ.   Pappus nke Aleksandria (290 – c. 350 AD) kwuru na Archimedes edewo ihe odide furu efu ugbu a n'iwu ngwaọrụ ndị a akpọrọ On Sphere Making. Ihe odide ndị dị ndụ n'oge ochie na akọwa ọtụtụ n'ime ihe ndị o kere, ụfọdụ nwere ọbụna ihe osise ndị dị mfe. Otu n'ime ngwaọrụ dị otú ahụ bụ odometer ya, kpọmkwem ihe nlereanya nke ndị Rom mesịrị jiri tinye akara ha maịl (nke Vitruvius, Heron nke Aleksandria na n'oge Emperor Commodus kọwara). Eserese ndị dị n'edemede a pụtara na ọ na-arụ ọrụ, mana mbọ a nwalere iji wuo ha dị ka e sere ada ada. Mgbe ngwo ahụ e sere ese, nke nwere ezé square, jiri ngwo ụdị dị n'ime usoro Antikythera dochie ya, nke nwere akụkụ, ngwaọrụ ahụ na arụ ọrụ nke ọma. Ọ bụrụ na akaụntụ Cicero ziri ezi, mgbe ahụ teknụzụ a dị n'oge dị ka narị afọ nke atọ BC. Ndị na ede oge Rom na emesịa kpọkwara ngwaọrụ Archimedes aha dị ka Lactantius (Divinarum Institutionum Libri VII), Claudian (In sphaeram Archimedes), na Proclus (Nkọwa na akwụkwọ mbụ nke Euclid's Elements of Geometry) na narị afọ nke anọ na nke ise. Cicero kwukwara na e wuru ngwaọrụ ọzọ dị otú ahụ "n'oge na adịbeghị anya" site n'aka enyi ya Posidonius, "... onye ọ bụla n'ime mgbanwe nke na eweta otu mmegharị ahụ na Sun na Ọnwa na kpakpando ise na awagharị awagharị [planets] dị ka e wetara nke ọ bụla. ehihie na abalị n'eluigwe ..." O yighị ka nke ọ bụla n'ime igwe ndị a bụ usoro Antikythera nke a chọtara na ụgbọ mmiri ahụ kpuru ebe ọ bụ na ngwaọrụ abụọ nke Archimedes chepụtara na Cicero kpọtụrụ aha dị na Rom ma ọ dịkarịa ala afọ 30 karịa ụbọchị e mere atụmatụ nke ụgbọ mmiri ahụ kpuru, na ngwaọrụ nke atọ dị na Rom. ọ fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ n'aka Posidonius n'ụbọchị ahụ. Ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị rụgharịrị usoro Antikythera kwetakwara na ọ bụ ọkaibe nke ukwuu ịbụ ngwaọrụ pụrụ iche. === Eastern Mediterranean na ndị ọzọ === [[Usòrò:Clock_Tower_from_Su_Song's_Book_desmear.JPG|thumb|Ụlọ nche elekere nke Su Song]] Ihe akaebe na egosi na usoro Antikythera abụghị ihe pụrụ iche na agbakwụnye nkwado n'echiche ahụ na e nwere ọdịnala Gris oge ochie nke nkà na ụzụ dị mgbagwoju anya nke e mesịrị, ma ọ dịkarịa ala na akụkụ ụfọdụ, bufere ụwa nke Byzantine na Islam, ebe ngwaọrụ ndị na arụ ọrụ dị mgbagwoju anya, n'agbanyeghị. dị mfe karịa usoro Antikythera, nke e wuru n'oge emepechabeghị anya. Achọtala iberibe akwụkwọ kalenda a haziri ahazi nke etinyere na anyanwụ, site na narị afọ nke ise ma ọ bụ nke isii nke Alaeze Ukwu Byzantium; nwere ike iji kalenda nyere aka n'ịkọ oge. N'ime ụwa [[Àlakụ̀ba|islam]], Banū Mūsā's Kitab al-Hiyal, ma ọ bụ Akwụkwọ nke Ingenious Devices, bụ onye Caliph nke Baghdad nyere ọrụ na mmalite narị afọ nke itoolu AD. Ihe odide a kọwara ihe karịrị otu narị ngwaọrụ arụrụ arụ, ụfọdụ n'ime ha nwere ike laa azụ n'ihe odide Grik oge ochie ndị echekwara n'ebe obibi ndị mọnk. Ọkachamara sayensị al-Biruni kọwara kalenda ejikere nke yiri ngwaọrụ Byzantine n'ihe dị ka afọ 1000, na astrolabe nke dị ndụ na narị afọ nke 13 nwekwara ngwa ọrụ elekere. O kwere omume na teknụzụ ọgbara ọhụrụ a nwere ike ibunye na Europe ma nye aka na mmepe nke igwe elekere ebe ahụ. Na narị afọ nke 11, ndị China polymath Su Song rụrụ ụlọ elu elekere nke na akọwa (n'etiti nha ndị ọzọ) ọnọdụ nke ụfọdụ kpakpando na mbara ala, nke egosiri n'okirikiri igwe na agbagharị agbagharị. == Omenala na ihe ngosi nka ama ama == [[Usòrò:CAMK_Mechanizm_z_Antykithiry_LEGO.jpg|áká_èkpè|thumb|Lego Antikythera usoro]] Emeela ọtụtụ ihe ngosi n'ụwa niile, na eduga na ihe ngosi bụ isi "ụgbọ mmiri Antikythera" na National Archaeological Museum na Athens. N'ihe dị ka afọ 2012, e gosipụtara usoro Antikythera dị ka akụkụ nke ihe ngosi nwa oge gbasara ụgbọ mmiri Antikythera, tinyere nrụgharị nke Ioannis Theofanidis, Derek de Solla Price, Michael Wright, Mahadum Thessaloniki na Dionysios Kriaris mere. A na-egosipụta nrụgharị ndị ọzọ na American Kọmputa Museum na Bozeman, Montana, na Children's Museum of Manhattan na New York, na Astronomisch-Physikalisches Kabinett na Kassel, Germany, na Archimedes Museum na Olympia, Greece, na na Musée des Arts. et Métiers na Paris. Usoro akwụkwọ akụkọ National Geographic nke gba ọtọ Sayensị nwere ihe omume ewepụtara na usoro Antikythera akpọrọ "Star Clock BC" nke ewepụtara na 20 Jenụwarị 2011. Ihe nkiri, kọmpụta mbụ nke ụwa, bụ onye nyocha usoro Antikythera na onye na eme ihe nkiri Tony mepụtara na 2012. Freeth. N'afọ 2012, BBC Four wepụtara Kọmputa dị puku afọ abụọ; ewepụtara ya na 3 Eprel 2013 na United States na NOVA, usoro sayensị PBS, n'okpuru aha Kọmputa ochie. Ọ na edekọ nchọpụta na nyocha 2005 nke usoro nke Antikythera Mechanism Research Project. Onye na eme ntụrụndụ Andy Carol wuru Lego na arụ ọrụ nke usoro Antikythera na 2010 ma gosipụta ya na obere ihe nkiri nke Small Mammal mepụtara na 2011. Na 17 Mee 2017, [[Google]] jiri Google Doodle mee emume ncheta afọ 115 nke nchọpụta ahụ. Ọwa [[YouTube]] Clickspring na edepụta ihe okike nke usoro Antikythera site na iji ngwa, usoro na ihe ndị gaara adị na Gris oge ochie, yana nyocha gbasara teknụzụ enwere ike nke oge. 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Thessaloniki. pp.&nbsp;19–25.</cite> </div>  {{Commons category|Antikythera Mechanism}} * {{Cite web|first=Fivos|author=Asimakopoulos|url=http://www.etl.uom.gr/mr/index.php?mypage=antikythera_sim|title=3D model simulation|work=Manos Roumeliotis's Simulation and Animation of the Antikythera Mechanism page|publisher=The Antikythera Mechanism Research Project}} * {{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/user/antikythera2012|title=Videos|author=The Antikythera Mechanism Research Project|work=YouTube|accessdate=24 July 2017}} * {{Cite web|url=http://www.hpdst.gr/events/exhibitions/antikythera-mechanism|title=The Antikythera Mechanism Exhibitions|publisher=National Hellenic Research Foundation|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120423161138/http://www.hpdst.gr/events/exhibitions/antikythera-mechanism|archivedate=23 April 2012}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20240305103110/https://satadorus.eu/x_ite/yaas_2_0/yaas_2_0.html YAAS – A 3D interactive virtual reality simulator in VRML] * {{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MqhuAnySPZ0|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20231211193617/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MqhuAnySPZ0|archivedate=11 December 2023|title=Virtual Reconstruction of the Antikythera Mechanism|first=M.|author=Wright|date=25 August 2009|publisher=[[Heritage Key]]<!-- |access-date=24 July 2017 -->|accessdate=17 December 2023}} * {{Cite web|url=http://www.nature.com/nature/videoarchive/antikythera/|title=Antikythera|publisher=Nature|date=30 July 2008}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20211207021934/http://antikythera.org/links.html Metapage with links] December 2021. at antikythera.org * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230610141101/http://www.amclock.net/ Bronze replica 3D engineering manufacturing drawings and operating manual] 3y7rpygvjykrt661vw2eghr0pa9w0wm 644434 644430 2026-05-30T23:55:40Z Sylvaline39 15355 Fixed reference error 644434 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:NAMA Machine d'Anticythère 1.jpg|thumb|Usoro Antikythera]] Usoro Antikythera (/ ˌæntɪˈkɪθɪərə / AN-tih-KIH-ther-ə) bụ orrery aka [[Greece|Gris]] oge ochie (ihe atụ nke Sistemụ Anyanwụ), kọwara dị ka ihe atụ kacha ochie ama nke kọmpụta analog nke ejiri na ebu amụma ọnọdụ mbara igwe na n'ehihie. ọtụtụ iri afọ tupu. Enwere ike iji ya wee soro usoro egwuregwu egwuregwu afọ anọ yiri nke Olympiad, okirikiri egwuregwu Olympic oge ochie. Ihe arịa a so na mkpọmkpọ ebe ụgbọ mmiri kpuru n'ụsọ oké osimiri nke àgwàetiti Gris Antikythera na 1901. N'afọ 1902, ọkà mmụta ihe ochie bụ́ Valerios Stais chọpụtara na ọ nwere ngwa. Ngwaọrụ ahụ, nke edobere n'ime mkpọ nkụ nke osisi (nke a na ejighị n'aka) n'ozuzu ya ruru 34 cm × 18 cm × 9 cm (13.4 na × 7.1 na × 3.5 in), chọtara dị ka otu kpọmkpọkpọ, emesịa kewapụrụ ya n'iberibe atọ bụ isi. nke e kewara ugbu a n'iberibe iri asatọ na abụọ dị iche iche mgbe mbọ nchekwa gasịrị. Anọ n'ime iberibe ihe ndị a nwere ngwo, ebe a na ahụ ihe odide n'ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ. Ngwa kacha ibu bụ ihe dịka 13 cm (5 in) na dayameta ma nwee ezé 223 na mbụ. N'afọ 2008, otu ndị si na Mahadum Cardiff jiri kọmputa x-ray tomography na nyocha mkpebi dị elu iji see foto n'ime iberibe usoro ihe ahụ gbanyere mkpọrọgwụ wee gụọ ihe odide ndị kachasị njọ nke kpuchiri mkpuchi mpụta. Nke a na egosi na ọ nwere ngwa ọla kọpa 37 na eme ka ọ nwee ike ịgbaso mmegharị nke ọnwa na anyanwụ site na zodiac, ịkọ amụma chi jiri na iji mee ka ọnwa na adịghị agafe agafe, ebe ọnwa na agba dị elu na perigee karịa na apogee ya. . Onye na enyocha mbara igwe bụ Hipparchus nke Rhodes mụrụ ngagharị a na narị afọ nke abụọ BC, ọ pụkwara ịbụ na a tụlere ya n'iwu igwe ahụ. Enwere ntule na akụkụ nke usoro ahụ na efu ma gbakọọ ọnọdụ nke mbara ala ise oge ochie. A kọwakwuru ihe odide ndị ahụ na 2016, na ekpughe ọnụọgụgụ jikọtara ya na usoro synodic nke Venus na Saturn. Ekwenyere na ọ bụ ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị ndị Gris chebere ma rụkwaa ngwa a wee dekwa ya n'ihe dịka 87 BC, n'etiti 150 na 100 BC, ma ọ bụ 205 BC. Ọ ga abụrịrị na a rụrụ ya tupu ụgbọ mmiri ahụ emebiwo, nke ejirila ọtụtụ ahịrị ihe akaebe depụta ya ruo ihe dịka 70–60 BC. N'afọ 2022 ndị nchọpụta tụpụtara ụbọchị mbido mbụ ya, ọ bụghị ụbọchị owuwu, nwere ike ịbụ 23 Disemba 178 BC. Ndị ọkachamara ndị ọzọ na atụ aro na 204 BC dị ka ụbọchị ngbanwe karịa. Igwe ndị nwere mgbagwoju anya yiri nke ahụ apụtaghị ọzọ ruo mgbe elekere mbara igwe nke Richard nke Wallingford na narị afọ nke 14. A na edobe iberibe ihe niile a ma ama nke usoro ahụ na National Archaeological Museum, Athens, yana nrụzigharị na ihe nṅomi, iji gosi ka o siri dị ma rụọ ọrụ. == Akụkọ ihe mere eme == === Nchọpụta === [[Usòrò:DerekdeSollaPrice.jpg|thumb|Derek J. de Solla Price (1922-83) nwere ihe nlereanya nke usoro Antikythera]] Captain Dimitrios Kontos (Δημήτριος Κοντός) na ndị ọrụ ụgbọ mmiri si n'agwaetiti Symi chọtara mkpọmkpọ ebe Antikythera na mmalite 1900, wee nweta arịa n'oge njem mbụ ya na ndị agha mmiri Hellenic Royal, na 1.000. Ahụrụ mkpọmkpọ ebe nke ụgbọ mmiri ndị Rome na omimi nke mita 45 (148 ft) site na Point Glyphadia n'agwaetiti Greek nke Antikythera. Ndị otu ahụ wetara ọtụtụ nnukwu ihe, gụnyere ihe oyiyi ọla kọpa na mabụ, ite, iko pụrụ iche, ihe ịchọ mma, mkpụrụ ego na usoro. Ewepụtara usoro a na mkpọmkpọ ebe na 1901, ikekwe Julaị. A maghị ka usoro si bụrụ n'ụgbọ mmiri ibu. A bufere ihe niile ewepụtara site na mkpọmkpọ ebe ahụ na National Museum of Archaeology na Athens maka nchekwa na nyocha. Usoro ahụ yiri ka ọ bụ ùkwù ọla na osisi chara acha; Achọpụtaghị ya ruo afọ abụọ, ebe ndị ọrụ ụlọ ngosi ihe mgbe ochie na arụ ọrụ n'ịkọkọta akụ ndị ọzọ doro anya, dị ka ihe oyiyi ahụ. Mgbe e wepụsịrị ya na mmiri mmiri, a naghị agwọta usoro ahụ, na ebute mgbanwe nrụrụ. Na 17 Mee 1902, ọkà mmụta ihe ochie bụ Valerios Stais hụrụ otu n'ime iberibe nkume nwere wiil ngwo dị n'ime ya. O kweere na mbụ na ọ bụ elekere na enyocha mbara igwe, ma ọtụtụ ndị ọkà mmụta lere ngwaọrụ ahụ anya dị ka ihe na eme ka ọ dịrị ogologo oge, dịkwa mgbagwoju anya nke a na apụghị ịrụ ya n'otu oge ahụ e wuru ya n'otu oge ndị ọzọ a chọtara. German ọkà ihe ọmụma Albert Rehm nwere mmasị na ngwaọrụ; ọ bụ ya bụ onye mbụ tụrụ aro na ọ bụ ihe mgbako gbasara mbara igwe. E wepụrụ nchọpụta banyere ihe ahụ ruo mgbe onye ọkọ akụkọ ihe mere eme sayensị Britain na prọfesọ Mahadum Yale bụ Derek J. de Solla Price nwere mmasị na 1951. N'afọ 1971, Price na ọkà mmụta sayensị nuklia Gris Charalampos Karakalos mere X-ray na gamma-ray ihe oyiyi nke iberibe 82. Price bipụtara akwụkwọ na nchoputa ha na 1974. Nchọ abụọ ọzọ maka ihe dị na saịtị mbibi Antikythera na 2012 na 2015 wepụtara ihe nka na ụgbọ mmiri nke abụọ nwere ike, ma ọ bụ enweghị ike jikọọ na ụgbọ mmiri akụ nke a chọtara usoro ahụ. A chọtakwara diski ọla kọpa, nke e ji ihe oyiyi ehi chọọ ya mma. Diski ahụ nwere "ntị" anọ nke nwere oghere n'ime ha, e wee chee na ọ nwere ike ịbụ akụkụ nke usoro Antikythera, dịka "wheel cog". O yiri ka enwere ntakịrị ihe akaebe na ọ bụ akụkụ nke usoro ahụ; o yikarịrị ka diski ahụ bụ ihe ịchọ mma ọla n'elu otu ngwá ụlọ. === Mmalite === A na akpọkarị usoro Antikythera dị ka kọmpụta analog nke mbụ amaara. Ịdị mma na mgbagwoju anya nke nrụpụta usoro ahụ na egosi na ọ ga abụrịrị na ọ nwere ndị bu ya ụzọ achọpụtaghị n'oge oge ndị Grik. Ihe owuwu ya dabere na echiche nke mbara igwe na mgbakọ na mwepụ nke ndị na enyocha mbara igwe Gris mepụtara na narị afọ nke abụọ BC, a na echekwa na e wuru ya na njedebe narị afọ nke abụọ BC ma ọ bụ mmalite narị afọ mbụ BC. N'afọ 2008, nyocha nke Antikythera Mechanism Research Project tụrụ aro na echiche maka usoro ahụ nwere ike ịbụ na ọ malitere na mpaghara Kọrịnt, ebe ọ bụ na ha chọpụtara kalenda dị na Metonic Spiral ka ọ si Kọrịnt, ma ọ bụ otu n'ime ógbè ya dị na ugwu ọdịda anyanwụ Gris ma ọ bụ Sicily. Syracuse bụ ógbè Kọrịnt na ebe obibi Archimedes, na Antikythera Mechanism Research Project rụrụ ụka na 2008 na ọ nwere ike ịpụta njikọ na ụlọ akwụkwọ Archimedes. E gosipụtara na 2017 na kalenda na Metonic Spiral bụ nke ndị Kọrịnt, mana enweghị ike ịbụ nke Syracuse. Ozizi ọzọ na egosi na mkpụrụ ego Jacques Cousteau chọtara na ebe ahụ mebiri emebi n'afọ ndị 1970 bụ oge arụrụ ngwaọrụ ahụ, ma kwupụta na o nwere ike ịbụ na o sitere na obodo Gris oge ochie bụ́ Pagamọn, ebe obibi nke Ọ́bá Akwụkwọ Pagamọm. Site n'ọtụtụ akwụkwọ mpịakọta nke nkà na sayensị, ọ bụ nke abụọ dị mkpa naanị n'ọbá akwụkwọ Alexandria n'oge oge ndị Gris. Ụgbọ mmiri bu ngwá ọrụ ahụ nwere vases n'ụdị Rhodia, na eduga n'echiche bụ́ na e wuru ya n'ụlọ akwụkwọ mmuta nke ọkà ihe ọmụma Stoic bụ́ Posidonius tọrọ n'agwaetiti Gris ahụ. Rhodes bụ ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri na ekwo ekwo na ebe etiti nke mbara igwe na injinia igwe, ebe obibi nke onye na enyocha mbara igwe Hipparchus, onye na arụ ọrụ site n'ihe dịka 140-120 BC. Usoro ahụ na eji echiche Hipparchus maka ngagharị nke ọnwa, nke na egosi na o nwere ike mebere ya ma ọ bụ opekata mpe rụọ ọrụ na ya. A na arụ ụka na ihe omume mbara igwe na Parapegma nke usoro na arụ ọrụ kacha mma maka latitudes na nso nke 33.3-37.0 degrees n'ebe ugwu; Agwaetiti Rhodes dị n'etiti latitudes nke 35.85 na 36.50 degrees n'ebe ugwu. Na 2014, otu ọmụmụ rụrụ ụka maka mkpakọrịta ọhụrụ nke ihe dị ka 200 BC, dabere na ịchọpụta ụbọchị mmalite na Saros Dial, dị ka ọnwa ọnwa nke mbara igwe nke malitere obere oge ka ọnwa ọhụrụ nke 28 Eprel 205 BC gasịrị. Dị ka echiche a si dị, ụdị amụma amụma gbasara mgbakọ na mwepụ nke Babilọn dabara nke ọma n'ụdị amụma ngwaọrụ karịa ụdị trigonometric Greek ọdịnala. Nnyocha nke Iversen mere na 2017 kpatara na prototype maka ngwaọrụ ahụ sitere na Rhodes, mana na a gbanwere ihe nlereanya a maka onye ahịa si Epirus na ugwu ọdịda anyanwụ Gris; Iversen na arụ ụka na ọ ga abụ na e wuru ya n'oge na adịbeghị anya karịa ọgbọ tupu ụgbọ mmiri ahụ emebi, ụbọchị Jones kwadoro na 2017. Emere mmiri mmiri ndị ọzọ na 2014 na 2015, n'olileanya nke ịchọpụta ọtụtụ usoro. Mmemme nyocha afọ ise malitere na 2014 wee kwụsị na Ọktoba 2019, yana nnọkọ afọ ise ọhụrụ malite na Mee 2020. N'afọ 2022 ndị nchọpụta tụpụtara ụbọchị mbido usoro a, ọ bụghị ụbọchị owuwu, nwere ike ịbụ 23 Disemba 178 BC. Ndị ọkachamara ndị ọzọ na atụ aro na 204 BC dị ka ụbọchị ngbanwe karịa. Machines ndị yiri mgbagwoju anya apụtabeghị ọzọ ruo mgbe elekere mbara igwe nke Richard nke Wallingford na Giovanni de' Dondi na narị afọ nke iri na anọ. == Nhazi == O doro anya na usoro mbụ ahụ si n'Oké Osimiri Mediterenian pụta dị ka otu mpempe akwụkwọ. N'oge na adịghị anya, ọ gbawara n'ime isi atọ. Iberibe ndị ọzọ emebiela n'ime oge site na nhicha na njikwa, na ndị njem Cousteau chọtara ndị ọzọ n'elu oke osimiri. Iberibe ndị ọzọ ka nwere ike ịnọ na nchekwa, achọpụtaghị kemgbe mgbake mbụ ha; Achọpụtara iberibe F n'ụzọ ahụ n'afọ 2005. N'ime iberibe iri asatọ na abụọ ahụ a ma ama, asaa dị mkpa n'usoro ma nwee ọtụtụ n'ime usoro na ihe odide. Akụkụ 16 ndị ọzọ dị nta nwere ihe odide ndị pere mpe na ezughị oke. {| class="wikitable" |+Major fragments !Fragment !Size [mm] !Weight [g] !Gears !Inscriptions !Notes |- align="center" |A |180&nbsp;×&nbsp;150 |369.1 |27 |Yes | style="text-align:left" |The main fragment contains the majority of the known mechanism. Clearly visible on the front is the large b1 gear, and under closer inspection further gears behind it (parts of the l, m, c, and d trains are visible as gears to the naked eye). The crank mechanism socket and the side-mounted gear that meshes with b1 is on ''Fragment A''. The back of the fragment contains the rearmost e and k gears for synthesis of the moon anomaly, noticeable also is the pin and slot mechanism of the k train. It is noticed from detailed scans of the fragment that all gears are very closely packed and have sustained damage and displacement due to their years in the sea. The fragment is approximately 30&nbsp;mm thick at its thickest point. Fragment A also contains divisions of the upper left quarter of the Saros spiral and 14 inscriptions from said spiral. The fragment also contains inscriptions for the exeligmos dial and visible on the back surface the remnants of the dial face. Finally, this fragment contains some back door inscriptions. |- align="center" |B |125&nbsp;×&nbsp;60 |99.4 |1 |Yes | style="text-align:left" |Contains approximately the bottom right third of the Metonic spiral and inscriptions of both the spiral and back door of the mechanism. The Metonic scale would have consisted of 235 cells of which 49 have been deciphered from fragment B either in whole or partially. The rest so far are assumed from knowledge of the [[Okirikiri Metonic|Metonic cycle]]. This fragment also contains a single gear (o1) used in the Olympic train. |- align="center" |C |120&nbsp;×&nbsp;110 |63.8 |1 |Yes | style="text-align:left" |Contains parts of the upper right of the front dial face showing calendar and zodiac inscriptions. This fragment also contains the Moon indicator dial assembly including the Moon phase sphere in its housing and a single bevel gear (ma1) used in the Moon phase indication system. |- align="center" |D |45&nbsp;×&nbsp;35 |15.0 |1 | | style="text-align:left" |Contains at least one unknown gear; according to Michael T. Wright it contains possibly two, and according to Xenophon Moussas it contains one gear (numbered 45 "ME") inside a hollow gear giving the position of Jupiter reproducing it with epicyclic motion. Their purpose and position has not been ascertained to any accuracy or consensus, but lends to the debate for the possible planet displays on the face of the mechanism. |- align="center" |E |60&nbsp;×&nbsp;35 |22.1 | |Yes | style="text-align:left" |Found in 1976 and contains six inscriptions from the upper right of the Saros spiral. |- align="center" |F |90&nbsp;×&nbsp;80 |86.2 | |Yes | style="text-align:left" |Found in 2005 and contains 16 inscriptions from the lower right of the Saros spiral. It also contains remnants of the mechanism's wooden housing. |- align="center" |G |125&nbsp;×&nbsp;110 |31.7 | |Yes | style="text-align:left" |A combination of fragments taken from fragment C while cleaning. |} Ọtụtụ n’ime iberibe ihe ndị a chọtara enweghị ihe ọ bụla bara uru, ma ole na ole nwere ihe odide na ha. Iberibe 19 nwere ihe odide azụ azụ gụnyere otu ọgụgụ "... 76 afọ ..." nke na ezo aka na okirikiri Callipic. Ihe odide ndị ọzọ yiri ka ọ na akọwa ọrụ nke ọkpụkpọ azụ. Na mgbakwunye na obere iberibe a dị mkpa, obere iberibe iri na ise nwere ihe fọdụrụ n'ihe odide n'elu ha: 7. == Mechanics == A kọwapụtara ozi gbasara data a kapịrị ọnụ nke enwetara site na mpekere ndị ahụ na mgbakwunye na akụkọ 2006 Nature sitere na Freeth et al. === Ọrụ === N'ihu ihu nke usoro ahụ, enwere ọkpụkpọ mgbanaka edobere na anọchi anya eklips, akara zodiacal iri na abụọ nwere ngalaba nha nha 30. Nke a kwekọrọ n'omenala ndị Babịlọn bụ́ inye otu ụzọ n'ụzọ iri na abụọ nke eklips n'aka akara zodiac nke ọ bụla n'otu aka ahụ, n'agbanyeghị na ókèala kpakpando na agbanwe agbanwe. N'èzí ọkpụkpọ ahụ bụ mgbanaka ọzọ nke na agbanwe agbanwe, nke edobere ọnwa na ụbọchị nke kalenda Sothic Egypt, ọnwa iri na abụọ nke ụbọchị 30 gbakwunyere ụbọchị ise. E ji aha ndị Ijipt akara ọnwa ndị ahụ maka ọnwa ndị e degharịrị n'asụsụ Grik. Ọrụ mbụ bụ ịtụgharị mgbanaka kalenda Ijipt ka ọ dabara na akara zodiac dị ugbu a. Kalenda ndị Ijipt leghaara ụbọchị ịwụli elu anya, ya mere ọ gara n'ihu na akara zodiac n'ihe dị ka afọ 120. A na arụ usoro ahụ site n'ịtụgharị obere crank aka (ugbu a furu efu) nke ejikọtara site na okpueze okpueze na ngwa kachasị ukwuu, ngwa ahụ nwere ọnụ anọ na ahụ n'ihu nke iberibe A, gear b1. Nke a kpaliri akara ụbọchị dị na ọkpụkpọ ihu, nke a ga edobe na ụbọchị kalenda ndị Ijipt ziri ezi. A naghị ahọpụta afọ ahụ, n'ihi ya, ọ dị mkpa ịmara afọ edobere ugbu a, ma ọ bụ site n'ịlele usoro okirikiri nke usoro okirikiri kalenda dị iche iche gosipụtara n'azụ na tebụl ephemeris nke Babilọn maka ụbọchị nke afọ edobere ugbu a, ebe ọ bụ na ọtụtụ n'ime ha. okirikiri kalenda anaghị emekọrịta n'afọ. crank ahụ na emegharị akara ụbọchị ihe dị ka ụbọchị 78 kwa ntụgharị zuru oke, yabụ ịkụtu otu ụbọchị na ọkpụkpọ ahụ ga adị mfe ma ọ bụrụ na usoro ahụ dị mma na arụ ọrụ. Omume nke ịtụgharị crank aka ga emekwa ka ihe niile jikọtara ọnụ n'ime usoro ahụ na atụgharị, na-ebute ngụkọ oge nke ọnọdụ nke anyanwụ na ọnwa, usoro ọnwa, n'ehihie, na kalenda, na ikekwe ọnọdụ nke mbara ala. Onye na arụ ọrụ ahụ kwesịkwara ịma maka ọnọdụ nke ihe nrịbama ọkpụkpọ spiral na nnukwu ọkpụkpọ abụọ dị n'azụ. Ihe nrịbama ahụ nwere “onye na eso ụzọ” nke na enyocha ebe mgbaba dị na igwe ahụ ka ọkpụkpọ ahụ gbakwunyere ntụgharị anọ na ise zuru oke nke ntụnye ahụ. Mgbe ihe nrịbama ruru ebe ọnwa njedebe dị na ngwụcha nke ọ bụla nke okirikiri ahụ, a ga eji aka bugharịa onye na eso ụzọ ahụ gaa n'akụkụ nke ọzọ nke okirikiri tupu ọ gawa n'ihu.: 10 === Ihu === ==== Ihu ihu ==== Ọkpọ oku n'ihu nwere akpịrịkpa okirikiri concentric abụọ. Ọnụ ọgụgụ dị n'ime na egosi akara ndị Gris nke zodiac, na nkewa na ogo. Ọnụ ọgụgụ dị n'elu, nke bụ mgbanaka na agagharị agagharị nke na anọdụ ala na elu ma na agba ọsọ na ọwa, na eji ihe dị ka ụbọchị ma nwee usoro nke oghere kwekọrọ n'okpuru mgbanaka na ọwa. Kemgbe achọpụtara usoro a, mgbanaka mpụta a bụ nke a na eche na ọ na anọchi anya kalenda Egypt ụbọchị 365, mana nyocha na nso nso a na ama aka n'echiche a ma na enye ihe akaebe na ọ ga abụ na e kewara ya na nkeji 354. Ọ bụrụ na mmadụ debanyere aha n'echiche nke ụbọchị 365, a na amata na usoro ahụ bu ụzọ tupu mgbanwe kalenda Julian, mana usoro Sothic na Callipic egosilarị afọ ụbọchị anyanwụ, dị ka a hụrụ na mgbanwe kalenda Ptolemy III nwara n'afọ 238 BC. Ekwenyeghị na ọkpụkpọ oku ahụ na egosipụta ụbọchị ịwụli elu ọ tụrụ aro (Epag. 6), mana enwere ike ịmegharị ọkpụkpọ kalenda mpụta megide ọkpụkpọ dị n'ime iji kwụọ ụgwọ maka nsonaazụ ụbọchị nkeji iri na ise n'afọ nke anyanwụ site n'ịtụgharị ọnụ ọgụgụ azụ azụ. ụbọchị kwa afọ anọ. Ọ bụrụ na mmadụ edebanye aha na akaebe ụbọchị 354, nkọwa nwere ike ịbụ na mgbanaka ahụ bụ ngosipụta nke kalenda ọnwa 354. Nyere oge nke usoro a na eche na owuwu na ọnụnọ nke aha ọnwa ndị Egypt, ọ nwere ike ịbụ ihe atụ mbụ nke kalenda ọnwa ndị Ijipt nke Richard Anthony Parker tụpụtara na 1950. Nzube kalenda nke ọnwa bụ ije ozi dị ka ụbọchị-iji. -ihe ngosi ụbọchị nke oge anwụ na aga n'ihu, ọ gaara enyekwara aka n'ịkọwa ihe nrịbama nkeji oge ọnwa, yana ọkpụkpọ Metonic na Saros. Ngwa ngwa achọpụtaghị, na emekọrịta ihe na ihe ndị ọzọ nke Metonic gearing nke usoro ahụ, pụtara ịkwọpụta ntụnye n'akụkụ ọnụ ọgụgụ a. Ntugharị na ndebanye aha nke mgbanaka metụtara oghere ndị dị n'okpuru bụ iji kwado ma mgbazi okirikiri Callipic nke afọ 1 na 76, yana njikọta nke lunisolar dabara adaba. Ọkpọ oku na akakwa akara ọnọdụ Sun na eklips, dabara na ụbọchị dị ugbu a n'afọ. Okirikiri nke nwanyị na mbara ala ise ndị Gris mara dị nso na eklips iji mee ka ọ bụrụ ntụaka dabara adaba maka onyonyo ha. Edere ọnwa atọ ndị Ijipt na eso ya n'akwụkwọ ozi Grik n'elu mgbanaka dị n'èzí: [57] * E wughachiri ọnwa ndị ọzọ; ụfọdụ reconstructions nke usoro hapụ ụbọchị ise nke Egypt intercalary ọnwa. Ọkpọ oku zodiac nwere ihe odide Greek nke ndị otu zodiac, nke ekwenyere na ọ ga adaba na ụdị ọnwa okpomọkụ kama ịbụ sidereal :: 8 [[Usòrò:Antikythera_model_front_panel_Mogi_Vicentini_2007.JPG|thumb|N'ihu panel nke a 2007 re mere]] * ΚΡΙΟΣ (Krios [Ram], Aries) * ΤΑΥΡΟΣ (Tauros [Bull], Taurus) * ΔΙΔΥΜΟΙ (Didymoi [Twins], Gemini) * ΚΑΡΚΙΝΟΣ (Karkinos [Crab], Cancer) * ΛΕΩΝ (Leon [Lion], Leo) * ΠΑΡΘΕΝΟΣ (Parthenos [Maiden], Virgo) * ΧΗΛΑΙ (Chelai [Scorpio's Claw or Zygos], Libra) * ΣΚΟΡΠΙΟΣ (Skorpios [Scorpion], Scorpio) * ΤΟΞΟΤΗΣ (Toxotes [Archer], Sagittarius) * ΑΙΓΟΚΕΡΩΣ (Aigokeros [Goat-horned], Capricorn) * ΥΔΡΟΧΟΟΣ (Hydrokhoos [Water carrier], Aquarius) * ΙΧΘΥΕΣ (Ichthyes [Fish], Pisces) Ọzọkwa na ọkpụkpọ zodiac bụ otu mkpụrụedemede na isi ihe (lee nrụgharị na ref). Akpọrọ ha na parapegma, ihe mmalite nke almanac nke oge a nke edere n'ihu ihu n'elu na n'okpuru ọpịpị. Ha na aka akara ebe ogologo oge dị na eklips maka kpakpando ụfọdụ. Parapegma dị n'elu ọpịpị a a-agụ ( braket square a-egosi ederede atụnyere): {| class="wikitable" |Α |ΑΙΓΟΚΕΡΩΣ ΑΡΧΕΤΑΙΑΝΑΤΕΛΛΕΙΝ [...] Α |[[Capricornus|Capricorn]] begins to rise | rowspan="11" style="background:white;" |  |Ι |ΚΡΙΟΣ ΑΡΧΕΤΑΙ ΕΠΙΤΕΛΛΕΙΝ<br /><br />[...] Α |Aries begins to rise |- | |ΤΡΟΠΑΙ ΧΕΙΜΕΡΙΝΑΙ [...] Α |Winter solstice | |ΙΣΗΜΕΡΙΑ ΕΑΡΙΝΗ [...] Α |Vernal equinox |- |Β |[...] ΕΙ ΕΣΠΕΡΙ |... evening |Κ |[...] ΕΣΠΕΡΙΑ [...] ΙΑ |... evening |- |Γ |[...] ΙΕΣΠΕΡΙ |... evening |Λ |ΥΑΔΕΣ ΔΥΝΟΥΣΙΝ<br /><br />ΕΣΠΕΡΙΑΙ [...] ΚΑ |The Hyades set in the evening |- |Δ |[...] ΥΔΡΟΧΟΟΣ ΑΡΧΕΤΑΙ<br /><br />ΕΠΙΤΕΛΛΕΙΝΑ |Aquarius begins to rise |Μ |ΤΑΥΡΟΣ ΑΡΧΕΤΑΙ<br /><br />Ε{Π}ΙΤΕΛΛΕΙΝΑ |[[Taurus (ìgwè kpakpando)|Taurus]] begins to rise |- |Ε |[...] ΕΣΠΕΡΙΟΣ [...] Ι{Ο} |... evening |Ν |ΛΥΡΑ ΕΠΙΤΕΛΛΕΙ<br /><br />ΕΣΠΕΡΙΛ [...] Δ |[[Lyra]] rises in the evening |- |Ζ |[...] ΡΙΑΙ [...] Κ |... {evening} |Ξ |ΠΛΕΙΑΣ ΕΠΙΤΕΛΛΕΙ<br /><br />ΕΩΙΑ [...] Ι |The Pleiades rise in the morning |- |Η |ΙΧΘΥΕΣ ΑΡΧΟΝΤΑΙ<br /><br />ΕΠΙΤΕΛΛΕΙΝ [...] Α |[[Azụ (ìgwè kpakpando)|Pisces]] begins to rise |Ο |ΥΑΣ ΕΠΙΤΕΛΛΕΙ ΕΩΙΑ [...] Δ |The Hyades rise in the morning |- |Θ |[...] {Ι}Α | |Π |ΔΙΔΥΜΟΙ ΑΡΧΟΝΤΑ<br /><br />ΕΠΙΤΕΛΛΕΙΝ [...] Α |Gemini begins to rise |- | colspan="3;" rowspan="2;" style="background:white;" |  |Ρ |ΑΕΤΟΣ ΕΠΙΤΕΛΛΕΙ ΕΣΠΕΡΙΟΣ |Altair rises in the evening |- |Σ |ΑΡΚΤΟΥΡΟΣ ΔΥΝΕΙ Ε{Ω}{Ι}ΟΣ |Arcturus sets in the morning |} Parapegma dị n'okpuru ọkpụkpọ na agụ: {| class="wikitable" |Α |ΧΗΛΑΙ ΑΡΧΟΝΤΑ<br /><br />ΕΠΙΤΕΛΛΕΙΝ [...] Α |[[Libra (ìgwè kpakpando)|Libra]] begins to rise | rowspan="12" style="background:white;" |  |Μ |ΚΑΡΚΙΝΟΣ ΑΡΧΕΤΑΙ<br /><br />[...] Α |Cancer begins {to rise} |- | |{Ι}ΣΗΜΕΡΙΑ ΦΘΙΝΟΠΩΡΙΝΗ<br /><br />[...] Α |Autumnal equinox | |ΤΡΟΠΑΙ ΘΕΡΙΝΑΙ [...] Α |Summer solstice |- |Β |[...] ΑΝΑΤΕΛΛΟΥΣΙΝ<br /><br />ΕΣΠΕΡΙΟΙΙΑ |... rise in the evening |Ν |ΩΡΙΩΝ ΑΝΤΕΛΛΕΙ ΕΩΙΟΣ |Orion precedes the morning |- |Γ |[...] ΑΝΑΤΕΛΛΕΙ ΕΣΠΕΡΙΑΙΔ |... rise in the evening |Ξ |{Κ}ΥΩΝ ΑΝΤΕΛΛΕΙ ΕΩΙΟΣ |Canis Major precedes the morning |- |Δ |[...] ΤΕΛΛΕΙΙ{Ο} |... rise |Ο |ΑΕΤΟΣ ΔΥΝΕΙ ΕΩΙΟΣ |Altair sets in the morning |- |Ε |ΣΚΟΡΠΙΟΣ ΑΡΧΕΤΑΙ<br /><br />ΑΝΑΤΕΛΛΕΙΝΑ |Scorpio begins to rise |Π |ΛΕΩΝ ΑΡΧΕΤΑΙ<br /><br />ΕΠΙΤΕΛΛΕΙΝ [...] Α |Leo begins to rise |- |Ζ |[...] | |Ρ |[...] | |- |Η |[...] | |Σ |[...] | |- |Θ |[...] | |Τ |[...] | |- |Ι |ΤΟΞΟΤΗΣ ΑΡΧΕΤΑΙ<br /><br />ΕΠΙΤΕΛΛΕΙΝ [...] Α |[[Sagittarius (ìgwè kpakpando)|Sagittarius]] begins to rise |Υ |[...] | |- |Κ |[...] | |Φ |[...] | |- |Λ |[...] | |Χ |[...] | |} Opekempe, ntụnye aka abụọ gosipụtara ọnọdụ ozu n'elu eklips. Ihe nrịbama ọnwa na egosi ọnọdụ ọnwa, na egosipụtara ihe nrịbama anyanwụ pụtara, ikekwe na agbakọ okpukpu abụọ dị ka akara ụbọchị dị ugbu a. Ọnọdụ ọnwa abụghị ihe ngosi ọnwa dị mfe nke ga egosi mmegharị n'otu n'otu gburugburu okirikiri okirikiri; kama, ọ gbasara osooso na mbelata nke ọnwa elliptical orbit, site na mbido izizi nke ihe eji eme ihe. Ọ chọpụtakwara ụzọ nke ọnwa elliptical orbit na gburugburu eklips n'ime okirikiri afọ 8.88. Ọnọdụ Sun bụ, site na nkọwa, ụbọchị dị ugbu a. A na eche na ebe ọ bụ na etinyere nnukwu mgbalị iji hụ na ọnọdụ ọnwa ziri ezi,: 20, 24  ọ ga abụkwa na enwekwara ihe nrịbama "ezi anyanwụ" na mgbakwunye na ihe ngosi Sun, iji soro elliptical anomaly nke. Sun (okirikiri Ụwa gburugburu Sun), ma ọ dịghị ihe àmà nke ya n'etiti iberibe achọtara. N'otu aka ahụ, ọ dịghịkwa ihe akaebe nke ihe nrịbama nke mbara ala maka mbara ala ise ndị Gris maara n'etiti iberibe. Mana lee atụmatụ gia echere n'okpuru. Injinia injinia Michael Wright gosipụtara na enwere usoro iji weta usoro ọnwa na mgbakwunye na ọnọdụ ahụ. Ihe ngosi bụ obere bọọlụ agbakwunyere na akara ọnwa, ọkara na acha ọcha na ọkara oji, nke na atụgharị iji gosi oge (ọhụrụ, nkeji mbụ, ọkara, nkeji nke atọ, zuru ezu na azụ). A na enweta data iji kwado ọrụ a nyere Sun na Ọnwa ọnọdụ dịka ntụgharị akụkụ akụkụ; N'ezie, ọ bụ akụkụ dị n'etiti abụọ ahụ, sụgharịa n'ime ntụgharị nke bọọlụ ahụ. Ọ na achọ ngwa dị iche, nhazi nhazi nke na agbakọta ma ọ bụ na ekewa ntinye akụkụ abụọ. ==== Ihu azụ ==== Na 2008, ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị kọrọ nchoputa ọhụrụ na Nature na egosi usoro ọ bụghị nanị na esochi kalenda Metonic na amụma chi jiri n'ehihie, kamakwa gbakọọ oge egwuregwu egwuregwu panhellenic, dị ka egwuregwu Olympic oge ochie. Ihe odide ndị dị na ngwá ọrụ ahụ kwekọrọ na aha ọnwa ndị e ji mee ihe na kalenda sitere na Epirus nke dị n'ebe ugwu ọdịda anyanwụ Gris nakwa n'àgwàetiti Corfu, bụ́ nke a na akpọ Corcyra n'oge ochie. N'azụ usoro ahụ, enwere ọkpụkpọ ise: nnukwu ngosi abụọ ahụ, Metonic na Saros, na ihe ngosi atọ dị nta, nke a na akpọ Olympiad Dial, nke akpọgharịrị aha ọkpụkpọ egwuregwu dịka ọ naghị eso Olympiad afọ (afọ). okirikiri afọ anọ ọ na akpachi anya bụ Halieiad), Callipic, na exeligmos.: 11 Ọkpọ oku metonic bụ isi ọkpụkpọ dị n'azụ nke usoro ahụ. Usoro Metonic, nke akọwapụtara n'ọtụtụ akụkụ anụ ahụ, bụ ọnwa synodic 235, nke dị nso (n'ime ihe na erughị 13 otu nde) ruo afọ 19 okpomọkụ. Ya mere ọ bụ oge dị mma maka ịtụgharị n'etiti kalenda ọnwa na anyanwụ. Ọkpọ oku Metonic na ekpuchi ọnwa 235 n'ime ngbanwe ise nke ọkpụkpọ ahụ, na eso usoro okirikiri ya na onye na eso ụzọ na pointer nke na edobe oyi akwa nke gburugburu. Ntuziaka ahụ na arụtụ aka na ọnwa synodic, nke a na agụ site na ọnwa ọhụrụ ruo ọnwa ọhụrụ, na cell nwere aha ọnwa ndị Kọrịnt. # Ya mere, ịtọ oge anyanwụ ziri ezi (na ụbọchị) n'ihu panel na egosi ọnwa nke ọnwa dị ugbu a na azụ panel, na mkpebi n'ime otu izu ma ọ bụ karịa. Dabere n'eziokwu na aha ọnwa kalenda kwekọrọ na ihe akaebe niile nke kalenda Epirote yana na ọkpụkpọ egwuregwu na ekwu maka obere egwuregwu Naa nke Dodona (na Epirus), a na arụ ụka na kalenda na usoro ahụ nwere ike. bụrụ kalenda Epirote, na na eleghi anya ka ewepụtara kalenda nke a site na mpaghara ndị Kọrịnt na Epirus, ikekwe Ambracia. A na arụ ụka na ọnwa mbụ nke kalenda, Phoinikaios, bụ ọnwa nke oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ dara, na ụbọchị mmalite nke kalenda malitere obere oge ka ọnwa ọhụrụ nke mbara igwe nke 23 August 205 BC gasịrị. Ọkpọ oku egwuregwu bụ ọkpụkpọ oku sekọndịrị ziri ezi; ọ bụ naanị ihe nrịbama na ngwá ọrụ na aga n'ihu elekere elekere ka oge na aga. A na ekewa ọkpụkpọ ọkpụkpọ ahụ na mpaghara anọ, nke ọ bụla n'ime ha ka edere ya na ihe ngosi afọ na aha egwuregwu Panhellenic abụọ: egwuregwu "okpueze" nke Isthmia, Olympia, Nemea, na Pythia; na egwuregwu abụọ dị obere: Naa (nke a na eme na Dodona) na Halieia nke Rhodes. Ihe odide nke ọ bụla n'ime ngalaba anọ ahụ bụ: {| class="wikitable" |+Olympic dial !Year of the cycle !Inside the dial inscription !Outside the dial inscription |- !1 |LΑ |ΙΣΘΜΙΑ (Isthmia)<br /><br />ΟΛΥΜΠΙΑ (Olympia) |- !2 |LΒ |ΝΕΜΕΑ (Nemea)<br /><br />NAA (Naa) |- !3 |LΓ |ΙΣΘΜΙΑ (Isthmia) <br /><br />ΠΥΘΙΑ (Pythia) |- !4 |LΔ |ΝΕΜΕΑ (Nemea)<br /><br />ΑΛΙΕΙΑ (Halieia) |} Ọkpọ oku Saros bụ isi ọkpụkpọ okirikiri dị ala n'azụ nke usoro ahụ.: 4–5, 10  okirikiri Saros dị afọ 18 na ụbọchị ogologo (6585.333 ... ụbọchị), nke dị nso na ọnwa synodic 223 (6585.3211 ụbọchị). ). A kọwapụtara ya dị ka okirikiri nke ikwugharị ọnọdụ ndị a chọrọ iji mee ka chi jiri n’ehihie na nke ọnwa, ya mere, a pụrụ iji ya buru amụma ha—ọ bụghị nanị ọnwa, kama ụbọchị na oge nke ụbọchị. okirikiri ahụ dị ihe dịka awa 8 n'ogologo karịa ọnụọgụ ọnụọgụ ụbọchị. N'ịbụ nke a sụgharịa n'ọkpụkpụ zuru ụwa ọnụ, nke ahụ pụtara n'ehihie na apụta ọ bụghị nanị awa asatọ ka e mesịrị, ma otu ụzọ n'ụzọ atọ nke ntụgharị gawa n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ. Glyphs dị na 51 n'ime sel ọnwa synodic 223 nke ọkpụkpọ na akọwapụta ihe omume nke ọnwa 38 na 27 anyanwụ chi jiri. Ụfọdụ nbibiri okwu ndị dị na glyphs gụrụ: * Glyphs na egosi ma chi jiri n'ehihie ọ bụ anyanwụ ma ọ bụ ọnwa, ma nye ụbọchị nke ọnwa na elekere. Enwere ike ghara ịhụ chi jiri n'ehihie n'oge ọ bụla, a na ahụkwa chi jiri n'ọnwa naanị ma ọ bụrụ na ọnwa dị n'elu mbara igwe n'oge awa a kara aka.: 6  Tụkwasị na nke ahụ, ahịrị ndị dị n'ime na ebe kadinal nke ọkpụkpọ Saros na egosi mmalite nke a. okirikiri ọnwa zuru oke. Dabere na nkesa nke oge chi jiri n'ehihie, a na-arụ ụka na ụbọchị mmalite nke ọkpụkpọ Saros bụ obere oge ka ọnwa ọhụrụ nke mbara igwe gasịrị nke 28 Eprel 205 BC. Ọkpọ oku Exeligmos bụ ọkpụkpọ ala nke abụọ na azụ nke sistemụ. okirikiri exeligmos bụ okirikiri Saros dị afọ 54 nke dị ụbọchị 19,756 ogologo. Ebe ọ bụ na ogologo nke Saros okirikiri bụ otu ụzọ n'ụzọ atọ nke otu ụbọchị (ya bụ, 6,585 ụbọchị gbakwunyere 8 awa), a full exeligmos okirikiri laghachi agụta na ihe integral nọmba nke ụbọchị, dị ka e gosipụtara na e dere. Akara akara na ngalaba atọ ya bụ:: 10 Ya mere, ihe nrịbama ọkpụkpọ na egosi awa ole a ga agbakwunyere na oge glyph nke ọkpụkpọ Saros iji gbakọọ oge n'ehihie n'ehihie. [Ihe ndekọ achọrọ] === Ọnụ ụzọ === [[Usòrò:Manual2021-X_MOUSSAS_SAROS.jpg|thumb|ΣΚΓ, na egosi okirikiri Saros nke ọnwa 223]] Usoro ahụ nwere ihe mkpuchi osisi nwere ihu na azụ, ma nwere ihe odide. Ọnụ ụzọ azụ dị ka ọ bụ 'akwụkwọ ntuziaka'. N'otu n'ime iberibe ya ka edere "afọ 76, afọ 19" na anọchite anya okirikiri Callipic na Metonic. Edekwara ya bụ "223" maka okirikiri Saros. N'otu akụkụ ya ọzọ, edere ya "na mpaghara gburugburu 235" na ezo aka na ọkpụkpọ Metonic. === Ịkwado === Usoro a dị ịrịba ama maka ọkwa nke miniaturization na mgbagwoju anya nke akụkụ ya, bụ nke a na atụnyere nke elekere mbara igwe nke narị afọ nke 14. O nwere opekata mpe 30, ọ bụ ezie na ọkachamara n'ịrụ ọrụ Michael Wright tụrụ aro na ndị Gris nke oge a nwere ike itinye usoro nwere ọtụtụ ngwa ngwa. Enwere arụmụka maka ma usoro ahụ nwere ihe ngosi maka mbara ala ise niile mara ndị Gris oge ochie. Ọ nweghị ihe eji eme ihe ngosi mbara ala dị otú ahụ na adị ndụ ma a na agụta ngwa ngwa niile - ewezuga otu gia nwere ezé 63 (r1) ma ọ bụghị nke a na enwetaghị na iberibe D. Iberibe D bụ obere mkpọda okirikiri nke, dị ka Xenophon Moussas si kwuo, nwere ngwa n'ime ngwa oghere dị ntakịrị. Ngwa dị n'ime na agagharị n'ime gia dị n'èzí na emepụtagharị mmegharị nke epicyclical nke, jiri ihe nrịbama na enye ọnọdụ nke mbara ala Jupiter. A na agụ ngwa ime ime ya 45, “ME” n’asụsụ Grik, e dekwara otu nọmba ahụ n’elu elu abụọ nke obere igbe cylindrical a. Ebumnobi nke ihu ihu bụ idobe ahụ nke mbara igwe n'ihe gbasara mbara igwe n'akụkụ eklips, n'ihe gbasara ọnọdụ onye na ekiri ya n'ụwa. Nke ahụ adịghị mkpa na ajụjụ ma a na agbakọ ọnọdụ ahụ site na iji heliocentric ma ọ bụ geocentric ele nke Sistemụ Anyanwụ; ma usoro mgbakọ na mwepụ kwesịrị, ma mee, mee ka otu ọnọdụ ahụ pụta (na eleghara elliptical anya), n'ime ihe ndị na ezighị ezi nke usoro ahụ. The epicyclic anyanwụ usoro nke Ptolemy (c. 100 AD–c. 170 AD)—narị afọ mgbe o doro anya na ewu ụbọchị nke usoro — na-aga n'ihu na ọtụtụ epicycles, na bụ ihe ziri ezi ịkọ ọnọdụ nke mbara ala karịa echiche nke Copernicus. (1473–1543), ruo mgbe Kepler (1571–1630) webatara ohere na orbits bụ ellipses. Evans et al. na atụ aro na iji gosipụta ọnọdụ nke mbara ala ise oge gboo ga achọ naanị gia 17 ọzọ enwere ike idowe ya n'ihu nnukwu ngwa ịnya ụgbọ ala wee gosi site na iji okirikiri okirikiri n'otu n'otu na ihu. Freeth na Jones chepụtara ma bipụta nkọwapụta nke ụdị site na iji ụgbọ oloko gia mebere nke yiri usoro anomaly nke ọnwa, na enye ohere maka ngosipụta nke ọnọdụ mbara ala, yana njikọ nke Anomaly Sun. Ha na ekwu na usoro ha dị ezigbo mma karịa ihe nlereanya Wright, ebe ọ na eji nkà ama ama nke ndị Gris ma ghara itinye mgbagwoju anya ma ọ bụ nrụgide dị n'ime igwe. Ezé gia dị n'ụdị triangles nhata nwere nkezi okirikiri okirikiri nke 1.6 mm, nkezi ọkpụrụkpụ wheel nke 1.4 mm yana nkezi oghere ikuku n'etiti gia nke 1.2 mm. E nwere ike ịmepụta ezé site na gburugburu ọla nke oghere na eji ngwá ọrụ aka; nke a pụtara ìhè n'ihi na ọ bụghị ha niile na ada. N'ihi ọganihu na nkà na ụzụ X-ray na aga n'ihu, ọ ga ekwe omume ugbu a ịmata ọnụ ọgụgụ ezé na nha nke gia n'ime mpekere ndị dị. Ya mere, ọrụ bụ isi nke ngwaọrụ ahụ abụghịzi ihe omimi ma megharịa ya nke ọma. Isi amaghi ama ka bụ ajụjụ nke ọnụnọ na ọdịdị nke ihe ngosi ụwa ọ bụla.: 8 Tebụl nke gia, ezé ha, na ntụgharị a na-atụ anya na agbakọ nke ngwa dị mkpa na esote. Ọrụ gia sitere na Freeth et al. (2008) na maka ọkara ala nke tebụl sitere na Freeth et al. (2012). Ụkpụrụ agbakọtara na amalite site na otu afọ kwa mgbanwe maka gia b1, ma ndị fọdụrụ na agbakọ ozugbo site na nha nha nha. Ngwa ngwa ejiri akara akara (*) na-efu, ma ọ bụ nwee ndị bu ya ụzọ na efu, site na usoro amaara; agbakọla ngwa ngwa ndị a site na ọnụ ọgụgụ ezé gia kwesịrị ekwesị. (A na agbakọ ogologo na ụbọchị na eche na afọ bụ ụbọchị 365.2425.) {| class="wikitable" |+The Antikythera Mechanism: known and proposed gears and accuracy of computation !Gear name !Function of the gear/pointer !Desired length of a full circular revolution !Mechanism formula !Computed interval !Gear direction |- !x |Year gear |1 tropical year |1 (by definition) |1 year (presumed) |cw |- !b |The Moon's orbit |1 sidereal month (27.321661 days) |Time(b) = Time(x) * (c1 / b2) * (d1 / c2) * (e2 / d2) * (k1 / e5) * (e6 / k2) * (b3 / e1) |27.321 days |cw |- !r |Lunar phase display |1 synodic month (29.530589 days) |Time(r) = 1 / (1 / Time(b2 [mean sun] or sun3 [true sun])) – (1 / Time(b))) |29.530 days<ref group="table"name=epicycle>On average, due to epicyclic gearing causing accelerations and decelerations.</ref> | clockwise | |- !n* |Metonic pointer |Metonic cycle () / 5 spirals around the dial = 1387.94 days |Time(n) = Time(x) * (l1 / b2) * (m1 /l2) * (n1 / m2) |1387.9 days |ccw |- !o* |Games dial pointer |4 years |Time(o) = Time(n) * (o1 / n2) |4.00 years |cw<ref group="table" name="boxside" /> |- !q* |Callippic pointer |27758.8 days |Time(q) = Time(n) * (p1 / n3) * (q1 /p2) |27758 days |ccw<ref group="table" name="boxside" /> |- !e* |Lunar orbit precession |8.85 years |Time(e) = Time(x) * (l1 / b2) * (m1 / l2) * (e3 / m3) |8.8826 years |ccw |- !g* |Saros cycle |Saros time / 4 turns = 1646.33 days |Time(g) = Time(e) * (f1 / e4) * (g1 / f2) |1646.3 days |ccw<ref group="table" name="boxside" /> |- !i* |Exeligmos pointer |19755.8 days |Time(i) = Time(g) * (h1 / g2) * (i1 / h2) |19756 days |ccw<ref group="table" name="boxside" /> |- ! colspan="6" style="text-align: center;" |The following are proposed gearing from the 2012 Freeth and Jones reconstruction: |- !sun3* |True sun pointer |1 mean year |Time(sun3) = Time(x) * (sun3 / sun1) * (sun2 / sun3) |1 mean year<ref group="table" name="epicycle" /> |cw |- !mer2* |Mercury pointer |115.88 days (synodic period) |Time(mer2) = Time(x) * (mer2 / mer1) |115.89 days<ref group="table" name="epicycle" /> |cw<ref group="table" name="retro" /> |- !ven2* |Venus pointer |583.93 days (synodic period) |Time(ven2) = Time(x) * (ven1 / sun1) |584.39 days<ref group="table" name="epicycle" /> |cw<ref group="table" name="retro" /> |- !mars4* |Mars pointer |779.96 days (synodic period) |Time(mars4) = Time(x) * (mars2 / mars1) * (mars4 / mars3) |779.84 days<ref group="table" name="epicycle" /> |cw<ref group="table" name="retro" /> |- !jup4* |Jupiter pointer |398.88 days (synodic period) |Time(jup4) = Time(x) * (jup2 / jup1) * (jup4 / jup3) |398.88 days<ref group="table" name="epicycle" /> |cw<ref group="table" name="retro" /> |- !sat4* |Saturn pointer |378.09 days (synodic period) |Time(sat4) = Time(x) * (sat2 / sat1) * (sat4 / sat3) |378.06 days<ref group="table" name="epicycle" /> |cw<ref group="table" name="retro" /> |} <references group="table" responsive="0"></references> Enwere ọnụọgụ gia dị iche iche maka ụwa nke ọ bụla na ebute nsonazụ nso na ụkpụrụ ziri ezi maka oge synodic nke mbara ala na anyanwụ. Ndị ahọpụtara n'elu dị ka ndị ziri ezi, nwere ọnụ ọgụgụ nha nha nha, mana amabeghị ngwa ngwa ndị ejiri n'ezie. ==== Atụmatụ gia mara ==== [[Usòrò:AntikytheraMechanismSchematic-Freeth12.png|thumb|Ihe nlere anya nke nleba anya nke gearing nke Antikythera Mechanism, gụnyere nkọwa nke 2012 bipụtara nke gearing dị ugbu a, agbakwunyere agbakwunyere iji rụọ ọrụ ama ama zuru oke, yana ntinye aka iji rụzuo ọrụ ndị ọzọ, ya bụ ezigbo ntụ ntụ na ntụzịaka maka mbara ala ise a ma ama mgbe ahụ. dị ka Freeth na Jones tụrụ aro, 2012. Dabere na eserese yiri nke ahụ na Freeth 2006 Supplement and Wright 2005, Epicycles Part 2. Atụpụtara (dị ka a na amaghị site na artefact) gearing crosshatched.]] O yikarịrị ka enwere ọkpụkpọ mbara ala, ebe a na.ekwu maka mmegharị ahụ gbagwojuru anya na oge nke mbara ala niile na ntuziaka nke usoro ahụ. A maghị kpọmkwem ọnọdụ na usoro maka gia nke mbara ala. Enweghị usoro coaxial ma ọ bụ naanị maka ọnwa. Iberibe D nke bụ usoro epicycloidal, a na ahụta dị ka ihe eji eme mbara ala maka Jupiter (Moussas, 2011, 2012, 2014) ma ọ bụ ihe eji eme ihe maka ngagharị nke Sun (otu mahadum nke Thessaloniki). A na arụ ọrụ Sun Gear site na crank ejiri aka rụọ ọrụ (jikọrọ na gear a1, na akwọ ụgbọ mmiri nke nwere nnukwu okwu anọ pụtara Sun gear, b1) na n'aka nke ya na ebugharị ihe ndị ọzọ gia. The Sun Gear bụ b1/b2 na b2 nwere 64 ezé. Ọ na eme ozugbo akara ụbọchị/ pụtara anyanwụ (enwere ike ịbụ nke abụọ, “ezi anyanwụ” pointer nke gosipụtara anomaly nke Sun; a tụlere ya n'okpuru na nrụgharị Freeth). N'ime mkparịta ụka a, ntụnyere aka bụ oge ngbanwe nke ihe nrịbama na ihe nrịbama dị iche iche; ha niile na eche na ntụgharị ntinye nke b1 gear nke ogo 360, dabara na otu afọ okpomọkụ, ma na agbakọ ya naanị na ndabere nke gia nke gia akpọrọ aha. Ụgbọ oloko nke ọnwa na amalite site na gia b1 wee gaa n'ihu site na c1, c2, d1, d2, e2, e5, k1, k2, e6, e1, na b3 gaa na akara ọnwa na ihu ihu. Gears k1 na k2 na etolite usoro ihe eji eme ihe nke epicyclic; ha bụ otu ụzọ gia nke na adịghị ntupu, kama, ha na-arụ ọrụ ihu na ihu, na etinye obere ntụtụ na k1 n'ime oghere na k2. Ngwa abụọ ahụ nwere ebe ntụgharị dị iche iche, yabụ ntụtụ ga agarịrị azụ na azụ na oghere. Nke ahụ na abawanye ma na-ebelata radius nke a na ebugharị k2, na-agbanwekwa ka ọ na agbanwe ọsọ ọsọ ya (na-eche na ọsọ nke k1 dị ọbụna) ngwa ngwa n'akụkụ ụfọdụ nke ntụgharị karịa ndị ọzọ. N'ime mgbanwe dum, nkezi ngwa ngwa bụ otu, mana mgbanwe ngwa ngwa na adị nwayọọ na egosipụta mmetụta nke elliptical orbit nke ọnwa, n'ihi iwu nke abụọ na nke atọ nke Kepler. Oge ntụgharị ntụgharị nke ọnwa pointer (nkezi ihe karịrị otu afọ) bụ ụbọchị 27.321, ma e jiri ya tụnyere ogologo oge nke ọnwa sidereal nke ọnwa 27.321661. Oghere pin / oghere nke k1 / k2 gears na agbanwe mgbanwe n'ime otu afọ, na ịrị elu nke ngwa abụọ ahụ na gia e3 na enye ọganihu tupu oge eruo na ihe ngosi elliptical na oge nke 8.8826 afọ, ma e jiri ya tụnyere uru dị ugbu a. nke precession oge nke ọnwa nke 8.85 afọ. Usoro a na egosipụtakwa usoro nke ọnwa. Ihe nrịbama ọnwa na ejide ogwe n'ogologo ya, nke a na etinye obere ngwa aha ya bụ r, nke na ejikọta ya na Sun pointer na B0 (njikọ dị n'etiti B0 na ndị ọzọ B adịghị ahụ anya na usoro mbụ, ya mere ma b0 bụ. ụbọchị dị ugbu a/ pụtara Sun pointer ma ọ bụ echiche nke ezi Sun adịghị amata). Ngwa ahụ na agbagharị gburugburu ọkpụkpọ na Ọnwa, ma a na echekwa ya na Sun mmetụta ya bụ ịrụ ọrụ dị iche iche, ya mere ngwa ahụ na atụgharị n'oge ọnwa synodic, na atụle ya, akụkụ nke ọdịiche dị n'etiti Sun. na ihe nrịbama ọnwa. Ngwa ahụ na ebugharị obere bọọlụ na apụta site na oghere dị na ihu ọnwa pointer, na ese ogologo ogologo ọkara ọcha na ọkara ojii, na egosipụta usoro ya na eserese. Ọ na atụgharị n'ụdị ntụgharị oge nke ụbọchị 29.53; Uru nke oge a maka ọnwa synodic bụ 29.530589 ụbọchị. Ụgbọ okporo ígwè Metonic na eji ụgbọ okporo ígwè b1, b2, l1, l2, m1, m2, na n1, nke ejikọrọ na pointer. Ogologo oge ntụgharị nke ihe nrịbama bụ ogologo nke ụbọchị 6939.5 (n'elu okirikiri ntụgharị ise dum), ebe uru ọgbara ọhụrụ maka okirikiri Metonic bụ ụbọchị 6939.69. Ụgbọ oloko Olympiad bụ b1, b2, l1, l2, m1, m2, n1, n2, na o1, nke na ebuli pointer. O nwere oge ngbanwe agbakọtara ọnụ nke afọ anọ, dịka a tụrụ anya ya. Ọ bụ naanị ihe nrịba ama na usoro na aga n'ihu elekere; ndị ọzọ niile na atụgharị n'akụkụ elekere. Ụgbọ oloko Calllippic bụ b1, b2, l1, l2, m1, m2, n1, n3, p1, p2, na q1, na ebuli ihe nrịbama ahụ. O nwere oge ngbanwe agbakọtara nke ụbọchị 27758, ebe uru ọgbara ọhụrụ bụ ụbọchị 27758.8. Ụgbọ okporo ígwè Saros na eji b1, b2, l1, l2, m1, m3, e3, e4, f1, f2, na g1 na anya, nke na ebuli ihe nrịbama ahụ. Oge ntụgharị nke ihe nrịbama Saros a haziri ahazi bụ ụbọchị 1646.3 (na ntụgharị anọ n'akụkụ egwu ihe nrịba ama); Ọnụ ego nke oge a bụ 1646.33 ụbọchị. Ụgbọ okporo ígwè Exeligmos bụ b1, b2, l1, l2, m1, m3, e3, e4, f1, f2, g1, g2, h1, h2, na i1, nke na-ebuli ihe ntụnye ahụ. Oge ntụgharị ihe atụ nke exeligmos pointer bụ ụbọchị 19,756; uru nke oge a bụ 19755.96 ụbọchị. Ọ dị ka gia m3, n1-3, p1-2, na q1 anwụghị n'ime mkpọmkpọ ebe ahụ. A na ewepụ ọrụ nke ihe nrịbama ahụ site na foduru nke dial na ihu azụ, na ezi uche, ngwa ngwa kwesịrị ekwesị iji mezuo ọrụ ndị a tụrụ aro ma nabata ya n'ozuzu ya. == Mgbalị nwughari == === Atụmatụ akụrụngwa atụpụtara === N'ihi nnukwu ohere dị n'etiti gia Sun na n'ihu nke ikpe ahụ na nha na njiri arụ ọrụ na gia Sun, ọ ga abụ na usoro ahụ nwere ntinye ọzọ nke furu efu na ma ọ bụ sochiri ụgbọ mmiri ahụ. , ma ọ bụ wepụrụ tupu ebuba ya n'ụgbọ mmiri. Enweghị ihe akaebe a na ọdịdị nke akụkụ dị n'ihu nke usoro ahụ emeela ka a na agbalị iṅomi ihe ndị Gris oge ochie gaara eme na n'ihi enweghị ihe àmà, a na etinye ọtụtụ ngwọta n'ime ọtụtụ afọ. Mana ka enweela ọganihu n'ịtụle ihe owuwu dị n'ime na ịkọwapụta ihe odide ndị ahụ, ewepụla ụdị ndị mbụ ma mepụta ụdị ka mma.   Derek J. de Solla Price wuru ihe nlereanya dị mfe na 1970s. N'afọ 2002, Michael Wright chepụtara ma wuo ihe nlereanya mbụ a na arụ ọrụ nke nwere usoro a ma ama na nṅomi ya nke usoro mbara ala nwere ike. Ọ tụrụ aro na yana anomaly nke ọnwa, a ga emezigharị maka ọdịda anyanwụ dị omimi, nke bụ isi (nke a maara dị ka "anomaly mbụ"). Ọ gụnyere ihe ntụnye aka maka "ezi anyanwụ" a, Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, na Saturn, na mgbakwunye na "anyanwụ pụtara" (oge dị ugbu a) na akara ọnwa. Evans, Carman, na Thorndike bipụtara ngwọta na 2010 nwere nnukwu ọdịiche sitere na Wright. Atụmatụ ha lekwasịrị anya n'ihe ha hụrụ dị ka oghere na adịghị mma nke ihe odide ndị dị n'ihu ọkpụkpọ ihu, nke dị ha ka ọ na egosi nhazi ihe ngosi anyanwụ na adịghị n'etiti; nke a ga eme ka usoro ahụ dị mfe site n'iwepụ mkpa ọ dị ịme emume anyanwụ. Ha tụrụ aro na ọ bụghị akara ngosi mbara ala ziri ezi (nke mere na ọ gaghị ekwe omume site na ihe odide defiset) a ga enwe ọkpụkpọ dị mfe maka mbara ala nke ọ bụla, na egosi ozi dị ka ihe omume ndị dị mkpa na okirikiri mbara ala, ọdịdị mbụ na nke ikpeazụ na mbara igwe abalị, na ntụzịaka pụtara ìhè. mgbanwe. Usoro a ga eduga na usoro ngwa ngwa dị mfe, yana ike na mgbagwoju anya dị ntakịrị, ma e jiri ya tụnyere ihe nlereanya Wright. Amụma ha jiri ụgbọ oloko dị mfe meshed gia wee gụpụta ihe eji eme eze 63 nke na akọwaghị ya na mbụ n'iberibe D. Ha tụpụtara nhazi efere ihu abụọ, nke nwere akara n'otu n'otu, na nke ọzọ nwere oghere n'elu ihu, iji kọwaa nkatọ na ha ejighị ihe ndozi pụtara na gia b1. Ha tụrụ aro na kama ịbụ ogidi na ogidi maka ngwo na axle, ha na ejide naanị ihu igwe na akara ngosi oge iji gosi na windo. N'ime akwụkwọ e bipụtara na 2012, Carman, Thorndike, na Evans tụkwara usoro nhazi nke epicyclic nwere ndị na eso pin na oghere. Freeth na Jones bipụtara atụmatụ na 2012. Ha tụrụ aro kọmpat na ngwọta ga ekwe omume maka ajụjụ nke ngosi mbara ala. Ha na atụkwa aro igosi anomaly nke anyanwụ (ya bụ, ọnọdụ anyanwụ pụtara ìhè na akara zodiac) na akara dị iche site na akara ụbọchị, nke na egosi ọnọdụ Sun pụtara, yana ụbọchị dị na ọkpụkpọ ọnwa. Ọ bụrụ na emekọrịtara ọkpụkpọ oku abụọ ahụ nke ọma, ngosipụta ihu panel ha bụ n'ezie otu ihe ahụ na nke Wright. N'adịghị ka ihe nlereanya Wright, Otú ọ dị, e wubeghị ihe nlereanya a n'anụ ahụ, ọ bụkwa naanị ụdị kọmputa 3-D. [[Usòrò:Gearing_Relationships_of_the_Antikythera_Mechanism.svg|thumb|Mmekọrịta ime ụlọ nke Antikythera Mechanism, dabere na atụmatụ Freeth na Jones]] Usoro iji mepụta anomaly nke anyanwụ yiri nke a na eji na atụmatụ Wright: gia atọ, otu nke etinyere n'etiti b1 gia ma tinye ya na spindle Sun, nke abụọ edoziri na otu n'ime ọnụ okwu (na atụmatụ ha bụ otu. na ala aka ekpe) na eme ihe dị ka ihe na abaghị uru, na nke ikpeazụ na esote nke ahụ; gia ikpeazụ dabara na ntụtụ na akwụ ụgwọ na, n'elu ntụtụ ahụ kwuru, ogwe aka nwere oghere nke n'aka nke ya, na ejikọta ya na mkpịsị anyanwụ, na akpalite anomaly ka ọ pụtara wiil Sun na atụgharị. Usoro mbara ala ka elu—Mars, Jupiter, na Saturn—ha nile na agbaso otu ụkpụrụ izugbe nke usoro nke ọnwa anomaly. Yiri sistemu ndị dị ala, onye ọ bụla nwere ngwa nke pivot etiti ya dị na ndọtị nke b1, yana nke nwere ihe mgbakwasị ụkwụ. Ọ na enye pin na etiti pivot maka gia epicyclic nke nwere oghere maka ntụtụ ahụ, yana nke ejiri ngwa etinyere na tube coaxial wee banye na pointer. Nke ọ bụla n'ime usoro atọ ahụ nwere ike dabara n'ime akụkụ anọ nke ndọtị b1, ma ha niile nọ n'otu ụgbọ elu dị ka efere ọkpụkpọ ihu. Onye ọ bụla na eji ngwa ala, ngwa ịkwọ ụgbọ ala, ngwa a na ebugharị, yana gia / coaxial tube / pointer, yabụ, gia iri na abụọ na-agbakwunye na niile. Na mkpokọta, enwere spindles coaxial asatọ nke nha nha dị iche iche iji bufee ntụgharị na usoro ahụ na nrịbama asatọ. Yabụ na ihe niile, enwere ngwa mbụ 30, gia asaa agbakwunyere iji rụọ ọrụ kalenda zuru oke, gia 17 na ogwe oghere atọ iji kwado akara ọhụrụ isii ahụ, maka mkpokọta 54 gears, ogwe atọ, na ntụnye asatọ na Freeth na Jones. imewe. Na ihe ngosi a na ahụ anya Freeth na enye, ihe nrịbama dị n'ihu zodiac ọkpụkpọ nwere obere okwute na achọpụta okirikiri. Ọ na-ezo aka na nhota sitere na papyrus oge ochie:   Otú ọ dị, nchọpụta na nchọpụta ọhụrụ na adịbeghị anya egosila na ụdị ndị a dị n'elu adịghị mma. N'afọ 2016, a chọtara nọmba 462 na 442 na nyocha onyonyo nke ihe odide ndị metụtara Venus na Saturn, n'otu n'otu. Ndị a metụtara okirikiri synodic nke mbara ala ndị a, ma gosi na usoro ahụ ziri ezi karịa ka e chere na mbụ. Na 2018, dabere na nyocha CT, Antikythera Mechanism Research Project tụpụtara mgbanwe na gearing ma mepụta akụkụ igwe dabere na nke a. Na Machị 2021, Ndị otu nyocha Antikythera na Mahadum Mahadum [[London]], nke Freeth duziri, bipụtara nrụgharị ọhụrụ nke usoro Antikythera niile. Ha nwere ike ịchọta ngwa ngwa ndị nwere ike ịkekọrịta n'etiti ụgbọ oloko ụgbọ okporo ígwè maka mbara ala dị iche iche, site n'iji ezi uche mee ihe maka usoro synodic nke nwere obere isi ihe, na ihe 7 na 17 na-eji ihe karịrị otu mbara ala. Ha kwubiri na ọ dịghị nke ọ bụla n'ime ụdị ndị gara aga "dakọtara na data niile amaara ugbu a", mana ihe nlereanya ha dabara na ya. Freeth (onye nwụrụ na 2021) eduzila vidiyo na akọwa nchoputa nke oge okirikiri synodic na nkwubi okwu banyere otu usoro ahụ si arụ ọrụ. === Izi ezi === Nnyocha Freeth na Jones mere gosiri na usoro ha simulated ezighi ezi. Ihe nrịbama Mars ruru 38° na ezighi ezi n'ụfọdụ oge (adịghị ezighi ezi ndị a na eme n'ọnụ ọnụ ụzọ ngagharị nke Mars 'retrograde, na njehie na alaghachi na ebe ndị ọzọ na orbit). Nke a abụghị n'ihi ezighi ezi na nha nha nha na usoro, mana ezughị oke na ozizi Greek nke mmegharị mbara ala. Enweghị ike imeziwanye izi ezi ruo c. 160 AD mgbe Ptolemy bipụtara Almagest ya (karịsịa site n'ịgbakwunye echiche nke equant na tiori ya), mgbe ahụ ọtụtụ oge ka e mesịrị site na iwebata iwu Kepler nke mmegharị ụwa na 1609 na 1619.   Na mgbakwunye na izi ezi nke usoro iwu, enwere okwu maka izi ezi nke igwe. Freeth na Jones na ekwu na "ịtọhapụ" a na apụghị izere ezere na usoro ahụ n'ihi ngwa eji aka wuo, na ezé triangular ha na esemokwu dị n'etiti gia, na n'elu elu, eleghị anya gaara ekpochapụworị usoro mgbazi nke anyanwụ na ọnwa ndị e wuru n'ime ya. :   Ọ bụ ezie na ngwaọrụ ahụ nwere ike ịgbasi mbọ ike na ezighi ezi, n'ihi ezé triangular bụ nke ejiri aka mee ya, ngụkọ ejiri na nkà na ụzụ emejuputa atumatu iji mepụta ụzọ elliptical nke mbara ala na retrograde nke ọnwa na Mars, site n'iji ụgbọ oloko nke clockwork. na mgbakwunye nke usoro epicyclic pin na slot, nke buru ụzọ mara nke elekere mbụ a maara n'oge ochie na Europe Medieval, ihe karịrị 1000 afọ. [nkọwa dị mkpa] Archimedes' mmepe nke uru pi dị nso na echiche ya nke etiti ike ndọda, yana usoro o mere n'ịzụlite mgbako, na atụ aro na ndị Gris nwere ihe ọmụma mgbakọ na mwepụ zuru oke karịa nke algebra nke Babilọn, iji gosipụta ọdịdị elliptical. nke mmegharị ụwa.   == Ngwa ndị yiri ya na akwụkwọ ochie == === Ụwa ndị Rom === Cicero's De re publica (54-51 BC), mkparịta ụka nkà ihe ọmụma nke narị afọ mbụ BC, kwuru banyere igwe abụọ nke ụfọdụ ndị ode akwụkwọ nke oge a na ewere dị ka ụdị planetarium ma ọ bụ orrery, na ebu amụma mmegharị nke anyanwụ, ọnwa, na mbara ala ise a maara na ya. oge ahụ. Archimedes wuru ha abụọ ma weta ha na Rome site n'aka onye ọchịagha Rome Marcus Claudius Marcellus mgbe Archimedes nwụsịrị na nnọchibido nke Syracuse na 212 BC. Marcellus nwere nkwanye ùgwù dị ukwuu maka Archimedes na otu n'ime igwe ndị a bụ naanị ihe o debere na nnọchibido (nke abụọ ka etinyere na Temple of Virtue). Edebere ngwaọrụ ahụ ka ọ bụrụ ihe nketa ezinụlọ, Cicero nwekwara Philus (otu n'ime ndị sonyere na mkparịta ụka nke Cicero chere na ọ mere na Villalọ nke Scipio Aemilianus n'afọ 129 BC) na ekwu na Gaius Sulpicius Gallus (onye nnọchi anya ya na nwa nwanne Marcellus). na 166 BC, ma Pliny the Elder kwuputara na ọ bụ onye Rom mbụ dere akwụkwọ na akọwa n'ehihie na chi jiri n'ọnwa) nyere ma "nkọwa mmụta" na ngosipụta ọrụ nke ngwaọrụ ahụ.   Pappus nke Aleksandria (290 – c. 350 AD) kwuru na Archimedes edewo ihe odide furu efu ugbu a n'iwu ngwaọrụ ndị a akpọrọ On Sphere Making. Ihe odide ndị dị ndụ n'oge ochie na akọwa ọtụtụ n'ime ihe ndị o kere, ụfọdụ nwere ọbụna ihe osise ndị dị mfe. Otu n'ime ngwaọrụ dị otú ahụ bụ odometer ya, kpọmkwem ihe nlereanya nke ndị Rom mesịrị jiri tinye akara ha maịl (nke Vitruvius, Heron nke Aleksandria na n'oge Emperor Commodus kọwara). Eserese ndị dị n'edemede a pụtara na ọ na-arụ ọrụ, mana mbọ a nwalere iji wuo ha dị ka e sere ada ada. Mgbe ngwo ahụ e sere ese, nke nwere ezé square, jiri ngwo ụdị dị n'ime usoro Antikythera dochie ya, nke nwere akụkụ, ngwaọrụ ahụ na arụ ọrụ nke ọma. Ọ bụrụ na akaụntụ Cicero ziri ezi, mgbe ahụ teknụzụ a dị n'oge dị ka narị afọ nke atọ BC. Ndị na ede oge Rom na emesịa kpọkwara ngwaọrụ Archimedes aha dị ka Lactantius (Divinarum Institutionum Libri VII), Claudian (In sphaeram Archimedes), na Proclus (Nkọwa na akwụkwọ mbụ nke Euclid's Elements of Geometry) na narị afọ nke anọ na nke ise. Cicero kwukwara na e wuru ngwaọrụ ọzọ dị otú ahụ "n'oge na adịbeghị anya" site n'aka enyi ya Posidonius, "... onye ọ bụla n'ime mgbanwe nke na eweta otu mmegharị ahụ na Sun na Ọnwa na kpakpando ise na awagharị awagharị [planets] dị ka e wetara nke ọ bụla. ehihie na abalị n'eluigwe ..." O yighị ka nke ọ bụla n'ime igwe ndị a bụ usoro Antikythera nke a chọtara na ụgbọ mmiri ahụ kpuru ebe ọ bụ na ngwaọrụ abụọ nke Archimedes chepụtara na Cicero kpọtụrụ aha dị na Rom ma ọ dịkarịa ala afọ 30 karịa ụbọchị e mere atụmatụ nke ụgbọ mmiri ahụ kpuru, na ngwaọrụ nke atọ dị na Rom. ọ fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ n'aka Posidonius n'ụbọchị ahụ. Ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị rụgharịrị usoro Antikythera kwetakwara na ọ bụ ọkaibe nke ukwuu ịbụ ngwaọrụ pụrụ iche. === Eastern Mediterranean na ndị ọzọ === [[Usòrò:Clock_Tower_from_Su_Song's_Book_desmear.JPG|thumb|Ụlọ nche elekere nke Su Song]] Ihe akaebe na egosi na usoro Antikythera abụghị ihe pụrụ iche na agbakwụnye nkwado n'echiche ahụ na e nwere ọdịnala Gris oge ochie nke nkà na ụzụ dị mgbagwoju anya nke e mesịrị, ma ọ dịkarịa ala na akụkụ ụfọdụ, bufere ụwa nke Byzantine na Islam, ebe ngwaọrụ ndị na arụ ọrụ dị mgbagwoju anya, n'agbanyeghị. dị mfe karịa usoro Antikythera, nke e wuru n'oge emepechabeghị anya. Achọtala iberibe akwụkwọ kalenda a haziri ahazi nke etinyere na anyanwụ, site na narị afọ nke ise ma ọ bụ nke isii nke Alaeze Ukwu Byzantium; nwere ike iji kalenda nyere aka n'ịkọ oge. N'ime ụwa [[Àlakụ̀ba|islam]], Banū Mūsā's Kitab al-Hiyal, ma ọ bụ Akwụkwọ nke Ingenious Devices, bụ onye Caliph nke Baghdad nyere ọrụ na mmalite narị afọ nke itoolu AD. Ihe odide a kọwara ihe karịrị otu narị ngwaọrụ arụrụ arụ, ụfọdụ n'ime ha nwere ike laa azụ n'ihe odide Grik oge ochie ndị echekwara n'ebe obibi ndị mọnk. Ọkachamara sayensị al-Biruni kọwara kalenda ejikere nke yiri ngwaọrụ Byzantine n'ihe dị ka afọ 1000, na astrolabe nke dị ndụ na narị afọ nke 13 nwekwara ngwa ọrụ elekere. O kwere omume na teknụzụ ọgbara ọhụrụ a nwere ike ibunye na Europe ma nye aka na mmepe nke igwe elekere ebe ahụ. Na narị afọ nke 11, ndị China polymath Su Song rụrụ ụlọ elu elekere nke na akọwa (n'etiti nha ndị ọzọ) ọnọdụ nke ụfọdụ kpakpando na mbara ala, nke egosiri n'okirikiri igwe na agbagharị agbagharị. == Omenala na ihe ngosi nka ama ama == [[Usòrò:CAMK_Mechanizm_z_Antykithiry_LEGO.jpg|áká_èkpè|thumb|Lego Antikythera usoro]] Emeela ọtụtụ ihe ngosi n'ụwa niile, na eduga na ihe ngosi bụ isi "ụgbọ mmiri Antikythera" na National Archaeological Museum na Athens. N'ihe dị ka afọ 2012, e gosipụtara usoro Antikythera dị ka akụkụ nke ihe ngosi nwa oge gbasara ụgbọ mmiri Antikythera, tinyere nrụgharị nke Ioannis Theofanidis, Derek de Solla Price, Michael Wright, Mahadum Thessaloniki na Dionysios Kriaris mere. A na-egosipụta nrụgharị ndị ọzọ na American Kọmputa Museum na Bozeman, Montana, na Children's Museum of Manhattan na New York, na Astronomisch-Physikalisches Kabinett na Kassel, Germany, na Archimedes Museum na Olympia, Greece, na na Musée des Arts. et Métiers na Paris. Usoro akwụkwọ akụkọ National Geographic nke gba ọtọ Sayensị nwere ihe omume ewepụtara na usoro Antikythera akpọrọ "Star Clock BC" nke ewepụtara na 20 Jenụwarị 2011. Ihe nkiri, kọmpụta mbụ nke ụwa, bụ onye nyocha usoro Antikythera na onye na eme ihe nkiri Tony mepụtara na 2012. Freeth. N'afọ 2012, BBC Four wepụtara Kọmputa dị puku afọ abụọ; ewepụtara ya na 3 Eprel 2013 na United States na NOVA, usoro sayensị PBS, n'okpuru aha Kọmputa ochie. Ọ na edekọ nchọpụta na nyocha 2005 nke usoro nke Antikythera Mechanism Research Project. Onye na eme ntụrụndụ Andy Carol wuru Lego na arụ ọrụ nke usoro Antikythera na 2010 ma gosipụta ya na obere ihe nkiri nke Small Mammal mepụtara na 2011. Na 17 Mee 2017, [[Google]] jiri Google Doodle mee emume ncheta afọ 115 nke nchọpụta ahụ. Ọwa [[YouTube]] Clickspring na edepụta ihe okike nke usoro Antikythera site na iji ngwa, usoro na ihe ndị gaara adị na Gris oge ochie, yana nyocha gbasara teknụzụ enwere ike nke oge. Ihe nkiri Indiana Jones na Dial of Destiny (2023) na egosipụta nkata gburugburu ụdị usoro akụkọ ifo (nke a na akpọkwa Archimedes' Dial, Titular Dial of Destiny). 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[https://web.archive.org/web/20151124135753/http://hackaday.com/2015/11/23/the-antikythera-mechanism/ Archived] from the original on 24 November 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. </span><span class="reference-accessdate">Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 November</span> 2015</span>.</cite> * <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles><cite class="citation conference cs1" id="CITEREFRice,_Rob_S.1997">Rice, Rob S. (4–7 September 1997). </cite><cite class="citation conference cs1" id="CITEREFRice,_Rob_S.1997">[http://ccat.sas.upenn.edu/rrice/usna_pap.html ''The Antikythera Mechanism: Physical and Intellectual Salvage from the 1st Century B.C.''] USNA Eleventh Naval History Symposium. Thessaloniki. pp.&nbsp;19–25.</cite> </div>  {{Commons category|Antikythera Mechanism}} * {{Cite web|first=Fivos|author=Asimakopoulos|url=http://www.etl.uom.gr/mr/index.php?mypage=antikythera_sim|title=3D model simulation|work=Manos Roumeliotis's Simulation and Animation of the Antikythera Mechanism page|publisher=The Antikythera Mechanism Research Project}} * {{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/user/antikythera2012|title=Videos|author=The Antikythera Mechanism Research Project|work=YouTube|accessdate=24 July 2017}} * {{Cite web|url=http://www.hpdst.gr/events/exhibitions/antikythera-mechanism|title=The Antikythera Mechanism Exhibitions|publisher=National Hellenic Research Foundation|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120423161138/http://www.hpdst.gr/events/exhibitions/antikythera-mechanism|archivedate=23 April 2012}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20240305103110/https://satadorus.eu/x_ite/yaas_2_0/yaas_2_0.html YAAS – A 3D interactive virtual reality simulator in VRML] * {{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MqhuAnySPZ0|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20231211193617/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MqhuAnySPZ0|archivedate=11 December 2023|title=Virtual Reconstruction of the Antikythera Mechanism|first=M.|author=Wright|date=25 August 2009|publisher=[[Heritage Key]]<!-- |access-date=24 July 2017 -->|accessdate=17 December 2023}} * {{Cite web|url=http://www.nature.com/nature/videoarchive/antikythera/|title=Antikythera|publisher=Nature|date=30 July 2008}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20211207021934/http://antikythera.org/links.html Metapage with links] December 2021. at antikythera.org * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230610141101/http://www.amclock.net/ Bronze replica 3D engineering manufacturing drawings and operating manual] 378ev1u3kfpg7ebrqf4hippqgig40af 644436 644434 2026-05-31T00:01:11Z Sylvaline39 15355 Fixed reference error 644436 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:NAMA Machine d'Anticythère 1.jpg|thumb|Usoro Antikythera]] Usoro Antikythera (/ ˌæntɪˈkɪθɪərə / AN-tih-KIH-ther-ə) bụ orrery aka [[Greece|Gris]] oge ochie (ihe atụ nke Sistemụ Anyanwụ), kọwara dị ka ihe atụ kacha ochie ama nke kọmpụta analog nke ejiri na ebu amụma ọnọdụ mbara igwe na n'ehihie. ọtụtụ iri afọ tupu. Enwere ike iji ya wee soro usoro egwuregwu egwuregwu afọ anọ yiri nke Olympiad, okirikiri egwuregwu Olympic oge ochie. Ihe arịa a so na mkpọmkpọ ebe ụgbọ mmiri kpuru n'ụsọ oké osimiri nke àgwàetiti Gris Antikythera na 1901. N'afọ 1902, ọkà mmụta ihe ochie bụ́ Valerios Stais chọpụtara na ọ nwere ngwa. Ngwaọrụ ahụ, nke edobere n'ime mkpọ nkụ nke osisi (nke a na ejighị n'aka) n'ozuzu ya ruru 34 cm × 18 cm × 9 cm (13.4 na × 7.1 na × 3.5 in), chọtara dị ka otu kpọmkpọkpọ, emesịa kewapụrụ ya n'iberibe atọ bụ isi. nke e kewara ugbu a n'iberibe iri asatọ na abụọ dị iche iche mgbe mbọ nchekwa gasịrị. Anọ n'ime iberibe ihe ndị a nwere ngwo, ebe a na ahụ ihe odide n'ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ. Ngwa kacha ibu bụ ihe dịka 13 cm (5 in) na dayameta ma nwee ezé 223 na mbụ. N'afọ 2008, otu ndị si na Mahadum Cardiff jiri kọmputa x-ray tomography na nyocha mkpebi dị elu iji see foto n'ime iberibe usoro ihe ahụ gbanyere mkpọrọgwụ wee gụọ ihe odide ndị kachasị njọ nke kpuchiri mkpuchi mpụta. Nke a na egosi na ọ nwere ngwa ọla kọpa 37 na eme ka ọ nwee ike ịgbaso mmegharị nke ọnwa na anyanwụ site na zodiac, ịkọ amụma chi jiri na iji mee ka ọnwa na adịghị agafe agafe, ebe ọnwa na agba dị elu na perigee karịa na apogee ya. . Onye na enyocha mbara igwe bụ Hipparchus nke Rhodes mụrụ ngagharị a na narị afọ nke abụọ BC, ọ pụkwara ịbụ na a tụlere ya n'iwu igwe ahụ. Enwere ntule na akụkụ nke usoro ahụ na efu ma gbakọọ ọnọdụ nke mbara ala ise oge ochie. A kọwakwuru ihe odide ndị ahụ na 2016, na ekpughe ọnụọgụgụ jikọtara ya na usoro synodic nke Venus na Saturn. Ekwenyere na ọ bụ ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị ndị Gris chebere ma rụkwaa ngwa a wee dekwa ya n'ihe dịka 87 BC, n'etiti 150 na 100 BC, ma ọ bụ 205 BC. Ọ ga abụrịrị na a rụrụ ya tupu ụgbọ mmiri ahụ emebiwo, nke ejirila ọtụtụ ahịrị ihe akaebe depụta ya ruo ihe dịka 70–60 BC. N'afọ 2022 ndị nchọpụta tụpụtara ụbọchị mbido mbụ ya, ọ bụghị ụbọchị owuwu, nwere ike ịbụ 23 Disemba 178 BC. Ndị ọkachamara ndị ọzọ na atụ aro na 204 BC dị ka ụbọchị ngbanwe karịa. Igwe ndị nwere mgbagwoju anya yiri nke ahụ apụtaghị ọzọ ruo mgbe elekere mbara igwe nke Richard nke Wallingford na narị afọ nke 14. A na edobe iberibe ihe niile a ma ama nke usoro ahụ na National Archaeological Museum, Athens, yana nrụzigharị na ihe nṅomi, iji gosi ka o siri dị ma rụọ ọrụ. == Akụkọ ihe mere eme == === Nchọpụta === [[Usòrò:DerekdeSollaPrice.jpg|thumb|Derek J. de Solla Price (1922-83) nwere ihe nlereanya nke usoro Antikythera]] Captain Dimitrios Kontos (Δημήτριος Κοντός) na ndị ọrụ ụgbọ mmiri si n'agwaetiti Symi chọtara mkpọmkpọ ebe Antikythera na mmalite 1900, wee nweta arịa n'oge njem mbụ ya na ndị agha mmiri Hellenic Royal, na 1.000. Ahụrụ mkpọmkpọ ebe nke ụgbọ mmiri ndị Rome na omimi nke mita 45 (148 ft) site na Point Glyphadia n'agwaetiti Greek nke Antikythera. Ndị otu ahụ wetara ọtụtụ nnukwu ihe, gụnyere ihe oyiyi ọla kọpa na mabụ, ite, iko pụrụ iche, ihe ịchọ mma, mkpụrụ ego na usoro. Ewepụtara usoro a na mkpọmkpọ ebe na 1901, ikekwe Julaị. A maghị ka usoro si bụrụ n'ụgbọ mmiri ibu. A bufere ihe niile ewepụtara site na mkpọmkpọ ebe ahụ na National Museum of Archaeology na Athens maka nchekwa na nyocha. Usoro ahụ yiri ka ọ bụ ùkwù ọla na osisi chara acha; Achọpụtaghị ya ruo afọ abụọ, ebe ndị ọrụ ụlọ ngosi ihe mgbe ochie na arụ ọrụ n'ịkọkọta akụ ndị ọzọ doro anya, dị ka ihe oyiyi ahụ. Mgbe e wepụsịrị ya na mmiri mmiri, a naghị agwọta usoro ahụ, na ebute mgbanwe nrụrụ. Na 17 Mee 1902, ọkà mmụta ihe ochie bụ Valerios Stais hụrụ otu n'ime iberibe nkume nwere wiil ngwo dị n'ime ya. O kweere na mbụ na ọ bụ elekere na enyocha mbara igwe, ma ọtụtụ ndị ọkà mmụta lere ngwaọrụ ahụ anya dị ka ihe na eme ka ọ dịrị ogologo oge, dịkwa mgbagwoju anya nke a na apụghị ịrụ ya n'otu oge ahụ e wuru ya n'otu oge ndị ọzọ a chọtara. German ọkà ihe ọmụma Albert Rehm nwere mmasị na ngwaọrụ; ọ bụ ya bụ onye mbụ tụrụ aro na ọ bụ ihe mgbako gbasara mbara igwe. E wepụrụ nchọpụta banyere ihe ahụ ruo mgbe onye ọkọ akụkọ ihe mere eme sayensị Britain na prọfesọ Mahadum Yale bụ Derek J. de Solla Price nwere mmasị na 1951. N'afọ 1971, Price na ọkà mmụta sayensị nuklia Gris Charalampos Karakalos mere X-ray na gamma-ray ihe oyiyi nke iberibe 82. Price bipụtara akwụkwọ na nchoputa ha na 1974. Nchọ abụọ ọzọ maka ihe dị na saịtị mbibi Antikythera na 2012 na 2015 wepụtara ihe nka na ụgbọ mmiri nke abụọ nwere ike, ma ọ bụ enweghị ike jikọọ na ụgbọ mmiri akụ nke a chọtara usoro ahụ. A chọtakwara diski ọla kọpa, nke e ji ihe oyiyi ehi chọọ ya mma. Diski ahụ nwere "ntị" anọ nke nwere oghere n'ime ha, e wee chee na ọ nwere ike ịbụ akụkụ nke usoro Antikythera, dịka "wheel cog". O yiri ka enwere ntakịrị ihe akaebe na ọ bụ akụkụ nke usoro ahụ; o yikarịrị ka diski ahụ bụ ihe ịchọ mma ọla n'elu otu ngwá ụlọ. === Mmalite === A na akpọkarị usoro Antikythera dị ka kọmpụta analog nke mbụ amaara. Ịdị mma na mgbagwoju anya nke nrụpụta usoro ahụ na egosi na ọ ga abụrịrị na ọ nwere ndị bu ya ụzọ achọpụtaghị n'oge oge ndị Grik. Ihe owuwu ya dabere na echiche nke mbara igwe na mgbakọ na mwepụ nke ndị na enyocha mbara igwe Gris mepụtara na narị afọ nke abụọ BC, a na echekwa na e wuru ya na njedebe narị afọ nke abụọ BC ma ọ bụ mmalite narị afọ mbụ BC. N'afọ 2008, nyocha nke Antikythera Mechanism Research Project tụrụ aro na echiche maka usoro ahụ nwere ike ịbụ na ọ malitere na mpaghara Kọrịnt, ebe ọ bụ na ha chọpụtara kalenda dị na Metonic Spiral ka ọ si Kọrịnt, ma ọ bụ otu n'ime ógbè ya dị na ugwu ọdịda anyanwụ Gris ma ọ bụ Sicily. Syracuse bụ ógbè Kọrịnt na ebe obibi Archimedes, na Antikythera Mechanism Research Project rụrụ ụka na 2008 na ọ nwere ike ịpụta njikọ na ụlọ akwụkwọ Archimedes. E gosipụtara na 2017 na kalenda na Metonic Spiral bụ nke ndị Kọrịnt, mana enweghị ike ịbụ nke Syracuse. Ozizi ọzọ na egosi na mkpụrụ ego Jacques Cousteau chọtara na ebe ahụ mebiri emebi n'afọ ndị 1970 bụ oge arụrụ ngwaọrụ ahụ, ma kwupụta na o nwere ike ịbụ na o sitere na obodo Gris oge ochie bụ́ Pagamọn, ebe obibi nke Ọ́bá Akwụkwọ Pagamọm. Site n'ọtụtụ akwụkwọ mpịakọta nke nkà na sayensị, ọ bụ nke abụọ dị mkpa naanị n'ọbá akwụkwọ Alexandria n'oge oge ndị Gris. Ụgbọ mmiri bu ngwá ọrụ ahụ nwere vases n'ụdị Rhodia, na eduga n'echiche bụ́ na e wuru ya n'ụlọ akwụkwọ mmuta nke ọkà ihe ọmụma Stoic bụ́ Posidonius tọrọ n'agwaetiti Gris ahụ. Rhodes bụ ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri na ekwo ekwo na ebe etiti nke mbara igwe na injinia igwe, ebe obibi nke onye na enyocha mbara igwe Hipparchus, onye na arụ ọrụ site n'ihe dịka 140-120 BC. Usoro ahụ na eji echiche Hipparchus maka ngagharị nke ọnwa, nke na egosi na o nwere ike mebere ya ma ọ bụ opekata mpe rụọ ọrụ na ya. A na arụ ụka na ihe omume mbara igwe na Parapegma nke usoro na arụ ọrụ kacha mma maka latitudes na nso nke 33.3-37.0 degrees n'ebe ugwu; Agwaetiti Rhodes dị n'etiti latitudes nke 35.85 na 36.50 degrees n'ebe ugwu. Na 2014, otu ọmụmụ rụrụ ụka maka mkpakọrịta ọhụrụ nke ihe dị ka 200 BC, dabere na ịchọpụta ụbọchị mmalite na Saros Dial, dị ka ọnwa ọnwa nke mbara igwe nke malitere obere oge ka ọnwa ọhụrụ nke 28 Eprel 205 BC gasịrị. Dị ka echiche a si dị, ụdị amụma amụma gbasara mgbakọ na mwepụ nke Babilọn dabara nke ọma n'ụdị amụma ngwaọrụ karịa ụdị trigonometric Greek ọdịnala. Nnyocha nke Iversen mere na 2017 kpatara na prototype maka ngwaọrụ ahụ sitere na Rhodes, mana na a gbanwere ihe nlereanya a maka onye ahịa si Epirus na ugwu ọdịda anyanwụ Gris; Iversen na arụ ụka na ọ ga abụ na e wuru ya n'oge na adịbeghị anya karịa ọgbọ tupu ụgbọ mmiri ahụ emebi, ụbọchị Jones kwadoro na 2017. Emere mmiri mmiri ndị ọzọ na 2014 na 2015, n'olileanya nke ịchọpụta ọtụtụ usoro. Mmemme nyocha afọ ise malitere na 2014 wee kwụsị na Ọktoba 2019, yana nnọkọ afọ ise ọhụrụ malite na Mee 2020. N'afọ 2022 ndị nchọpụta tụpụtara ụbọchị mbido usoro a, ọ bụghị ụbọchị owuwu, nwere ike ịbụ 23 Disemba 178 BC. Ndị ọkachamara ndị ọzọ na atụ aro na 204 BC dị ka ụbọchị ngbanwe karịa. Machines ndị yiri mgbagwoju anya apụtabeghị ọzọ ruo mgbe elekere mbara igwe nke Richard nke Wallingford na Giovanni de' Dondi na narị afọ nke iri na anọ. == Nhazi == O doro anya na usoro mbụ ahụ si n'Oké Osimiri Mediterenian pụta dị ka otu mpempe akwụkwọ. N'oge na adịghị anya, ọ gbawara n'ime isi atọ. Iberibe ndị ọzọ emebiela n'ime oge site na nhicha na njikwa, na ndị njem Cousteau chọtara ndị ọzọ n'elu oke osimiri. Iberibe ndị ọzọ ka nwere ike ịnọ na nchekwa, achọpụtaghị kemgbe mgbake mbụ ha; Achọpụtara iberibe F n'ụzọ ahụ n'afọ 2005. N'ime iberibe iri asatọ na abụọ ahụ a ma ama, asaa dị mkpa n'usoro ma nwee ọtụtụ n'ime usoro na ihe odide. Akụkụ 16 ndị ọzọ dị nta nwere ihe odide ndị pere mpe na ezughị oke. {| class="wikitable" |+Major fragments !Fragment !Size [mm] !Weight [g] !Gears !Inscriptions !Notes |- align="center" |A |180&nbsp;×&nbsp;150 |369.1 |27 |Yes | style="text-align:left" |The main fragment contains the majority of the known mechanism. Clearly visible on the front is the large b1 gear, and under closer inspection further gears behind it (parts of the l, m, c, and d trains are visible as gears to the naked eye). The crank mechanism socket and the side-mounted gear that meshes with b1 is on ''Fragment A''. The back of the fragment contains the rearmost e and k gears for synthesis of the moon anomaly, noticeable also is the pin and slot mechanism of the k train. It is noticed from detailed scans of the fragment that all gears are very closely packed and have sustained damage and displacement due to their years in the sea. The fragment is approximately 30&nbsp;mm thick at its thickest point. Fragment A also contains divisions of the upper left quarter of the Saros spiral and 14 inscriptions from said spiral. The fragment also contains inscriptions for the exeligmos dial and visible on the back surface the remnants of the dial face. Finally, this fragment contains some back door inscriptions. |- align="center" |B |125&nbsp;×&nbsp;60 |99.4 |1 |Yes | style="text-align:left" |Contains approximately the bottom right third of the Metonic spiral and inscriptions of both the spiral and back door of the mechanism. The Metonic scale would have consisted of 235 cells of which 49 have been deciphered from fragment B either in whole or partially. The rest so far are assumed from knowledge of the [[Okirikiri Metonic|Metonic cycle]]. This fragment also contains a single gear (o1) used in the Olympic train. |- align="center" |C |120&nbsp;×&nbsp;110 |63.8 |1 |Yes | style="text-align:left" |Contains parts of the upper right of the front dial face showing calendar and zodiac inscriptions. This fragment also contains the Moon indicator dial assembly including the Moon phase sphere in its housing and a single bevel gear (ma1) used in the Moon phase indication system. |- align="center" |D |45&nbsp;×&nbsp;35 |15.0 |1 | | style="text-align:left" |Contains at least one unknown gear; according to Michael T. Wright it contains possibly two, and according to Xenophon Moussas it contains one gear (numbered 45 "ME") inside a hollow gear giving the position of Jupiter reproducing it with epicyclic motion. Their purpose and position has not been ascertained to any accuracy or consensus, but lends to the debate for the possible planet displays on the face of the mechanism. |- align="center" |E |60&nbsp;×&nbsp;35 |22.1 | |Yes | style="text-align:left" |Found in 1976 and contains six inscriptions from the upper right of the Saros spiral. |- align="center" |F |90&nbsp;×&nbsp;80 |86.2 | |Yes | style="text-align:left" |Found in 2005 and contains 16 inscriptions from the lower right of the Saros spiral. It also contains remnants of the mechanism's wooden housing. |- align="center" |G |125&nbsp;×&nbsp;110 |31.7 | |Yes | style="text-align:left" |A combination of fragments taken from fragment C while cleaning. |} Ọtụtụ n’ime iberibe ihe ndị a chọtara enweghị ihe ọ bụla bara uru, ma ole na ole nwere ihe odide na ha. Iberibe 19 nwere ihe odide azụ azụ gụnyere otu ọgụgụ "... 76 afọ ..." nke na ezo aka na okirikiri Callipic. Ihe odide ndị ọzọ yiri ka ọ na akọwa ọrụ nke ọkpụkpọ azụ. Na mgbakwunye na obere iberibe a dị mkpa, obere iberibe iri na ise nwere ihe fọdụrụ n'ihe odide n'elu ha: 7. == Mechanics == A kọwapụtara ozi gbasara data a kapịrị ọnụ nke enwetara site na mpekere ndị ahụ na mgbakwunye na akụkọ 2006 Nature sitere na Freeth et al. === Ọrụ === N'ihu ihu nke usoro ahụ, enwere ọkpụkpọ mgbanaka edobere na anọchi anya eklips, akara zodiacal iri na abụọ nwere ngalaba nha nha 30. Nke a kwekọrọ n'omenala ndị Babịlọn bụ́ inye otu ụzọ n'ụzọ iri na abụọ nke eklips n'aka akara zodiac nke ọ bụla n'otu aka ahụ, n'agbanyeghị na ókèala kpakpando na agbanwe agbanwe. N'èzí ọkpụkpọ ahụ bụ mgbanaka ọzọ nke na agbanwe agbanwe, nke edobere ọnwa na ụbọchị nke kalenda Sothic Egypt, ọnwa iri na abụọ nke ụbọchị 30 gbakwunyere ụbọchị ise. E ji aha ndị Ijipt akara ọnwa ndị ahụ maka ọnwa ndị e degharịrị n'asụsụ Grik. Ọrụ mbụ bụ ịtụgharị mgbanaka kalenda Ijipt ka ọ dabara na akara zodiac dị ugbu a. Kalenda ndị Ijipt leghaara ụbọchị ịwụli elu anya, ya mere ọ gara n'ihu na akara zodiac n'ihe dị ka afọ 120. A na arụ usoro ahụ site n'ịtụgharị obere crank aka (ugbu a furu efu) nke ejikọtara site na okpueze okpueze na ngwa kachasị ukwuu, ngwa ahụ nwere ọnụ anọ na ahụ n'ihu nke iberibe A, gear b1. Nke a kpaliri akara ụbọchị dị na ọkpụkpọ ihu, nke a ga edobe na ụbọchị kalenda ndị Ijipt ziri ezi. A naghị ahọpụta afọ ahụ, n'ihi ya, ọ dị mkpa ịmara afọ edobere ugbu a, ma ọ bụ site n'ịlele usoro okirikiri nke usoro okirikiri kalenda dị iche iche gosipụtara n'azụ na tebụl ephemeris nke Babilọn maka ụbọchị nke afọ edobere ugbu a, ebe ọ bụ na ọtụtụ n'ime ha. okirikiri kalenda anaghị emekọrịta n'afọ. crank ahụ na emegharị akara ụbọchị ihe dị ka ụbọchị 78 kwa ntụgharị zuru oke, yabụ ịkụtu otu ụbọchị na ọkpụkpọ ahụ ga adị mfe ma ọ bụrụ na usoro ahụ dị mma na arụ ọrụ. Omume nke ịtụgharị crank aka ga emekwa ka ihe niile jikọtara ọnụ n'ime usoro ahụ na atụgharị, na-ebute ngụkọ oge nke ọnọdụ nke anyanwụ na ọnwa, usoro ọnwa, n'ehihie, na kalenda, na ikekwe ọnọdụ nke mbara ala. Onye na arụ ọrụ ahụ kwesịkwara ịma maka ọnọdụ nke ihe nrịbama ọkpụkpọ spiral na nnukwu ọkpụkpọ abụọ dị n'azụ. Ihe nrịbama ahụ nwere “onye na eso ụzọ” nke na enyocha ebe mgbaba dị na igwe ahụ ka ọkpụkpọ ahụ gbakwunyere ntụgharị anọ na ise zuru oke nke ntụnye ahụ. Mgbe ihe nrịbama ruru ebe ọnwa njedebe dị na ngwụcha nke ọ bụla nke okirikiri ahụ, a ga eji aka bugharịa onye na eso ụzọ ahụ gaa n'akụkụ nke ọzọ nke okirikiri tupu ọ gawa n'ihu.: 10 === Ihu === ==== Ihu ihu ==== Ọkpọ oku n'ihu nwere akpịrịkpa okirikiri concentric abụọ. Ọnụ ọgụgụ dị n'ime na egosi akara ndị Gris nke zodiac, na nkewa na ogo. Ọnụ ọgụgụ dị n'elu, nke bụ mgbanaka na agagharị agagharị nke na anọdụ ala na elu ma na agba ọsọ na ọwa, na eji ihe dị ka ụbọchị ma nwee usoro nke oghere kwekọrọ n'okpuru mgbanaka na ọwa. Kemgbe achọpụtara usoro a, mgbanaka mpụta a bụ nke a na eche na ọ na anọchi anya kalenda Egypt ụbọchị 365, mana nyocha na nso nso a na ama aka n'echiche a ma na enye ihe akaebe na ọ ga abụ na e kewara ya na nkeji 354. Ọ bụrụ na mmadụ debanyere aha n'echiche nke ụbọchị 365, a na amata na usoro ahụ bu ụzọ tupu mgbanwe kalenda Julian, mana usoro Sothic na Callipic egosilarị afọ ụbọchị anyanwụ, dị ka a hụrụ na mgbanwe kalenda Ptolemy III nwara n'afọ 238 BC. Ekwenyeghị na ọkpụkpọ oku ahụ na egosipụta ụbọchị ịwụli elu ọ tụrụ aro (Epag. 6), mana enwere ike ịmegharị ọkpụkpọ kalenda mpụta megide ọkpụkpọ dị n'ime iji kwụọ ụgwọ maka nsonaazụ ụbọchị nkeji iri na ise n'afọ nke anyanwụ site n'ịtụgharị ọnụ ọgụgụ azụ azụ. ụbọchị kwa afọ anọ. Ọ bụrụ na mmadụ edebanye aha na akaebe ụbọchị 354, nkọwa nwere ike ịbụ na mgbanaka ahụ bụ ngosipụta nke kalenda ọnwa 354. Nyere oge nke usoro a na eche na owuwu na ọnụnọ nke aha ọnwa ndị Egypt, ọ nwere ike ịbụ ihe atụ mbụ nke kalenda ọnwa ndị Ijipt nke Richard Anthony Parker tụpụtara na 1950. Nzube kalenda nke ọnwa bụ ije ozi dị ka ụbọchị-iji. -ihe ngosi ụbọchị nke oge anwụ na aga n'ihu, ọ gaara enyekwara aka n'ịkọwa ihe nrịbama nkeji oge ọnwa, yana ọkpụkpọ Metonic na Saros. Ngwa ngwa achọpụtaghị, na emekọrịta ihe na ihe ndị ọzọ nke Metonic gearing nke usoro ahụ, pụtara ịkwọpụta ntụnye n'akụkụ ọnụ ọgụgụ a. Ntugharị na ndebanye aha nke mgbanaka metụtara oghere ndị dị n'okpuru bụ iji kwado ma mgbazi okirikiri Callipic nke afọ 1 na 76, yana njikọta nke lunisolar dabara adaba. Ọkpọ oku na akakwa akara ọnọdụ Sun na eklips, dabara na ụbọchị dị ugbu a n'afọ. Okirikiri nke nwanyị na mbara ala ise ndị Gris mara dị nso na eklips iji mee ka ọ bụrụ ntụaka dabara adaba maka onyonyo ha. Edere ọnwa atọ ndị Ijipt na eso ya n'akwụkwọ ozi Grik n'elu mgbanaka dị n'èzí: [57] * E wughachiri ọnwa ndị ọzọ; ụfọdụ reconstructions nke usoro hapụ ụbọchị ise nke Egypt intercalary ọnwa. Ọkpọ oku zodiac nwere ihe odide Greek nke ndị otu zodiac, nke ekwenyere na ọ ga adaba na ụdị ọnwa okpomọkụ kama ịbụ sidereal :: 8 [[Usòrò:Antikythera_model_front_panel_Mogi_Vicentini_2007.JPG|thumb|N'ihu panel nke a 2007 re mere]] * ΚΡΙΟΣ (Krios [Ram], Aries) * ΤΑΥΡΟΣ (Tauros [Bull], Taurus) * ΔΙΔΥΜΟΙ (Didymoi [Twins], Gemini) * ΚΑΡΚΙΝΟΣ (Karkinos [Crab], Cancer) * ΛΕΩΝ (Leon [Lion], Leo) * ΠΑΡΘΕΝΟΣ (Parthenos [Maiden], Virgo) * ΧΗΛΑΙ (Chelai [Scorpio's Claw or Zygos], Libra) * ΣΚΟΡΠΙΟΣ (Skorpios [Scorpion], Scorpio) * ΤΟΞΟΤΗΣ (Toxotes [Archer], Sagittarius) * ΑΙΓΟΚΕΡΩΣ (Aigokeros [Goat-horned], Capricorn) * ΥΔΡΟΧΟΟΣ (Hydrokhoos [Water carrier], Aquarius) * ΙΧΘΥΕΣ (Ichthyes [Fish], Pisces) Ọzọkwa na ọkpụkpọ zodiac bụ otu mkpụrụedemede na isi ihe (lee nrụgharị na ref). Akpọrọ ha na parapegma, ihe mmalite nke almanac nke oge a nke edere n'ihu ihu n'elu na n'okpuru ọpịpị. Ha na aka akara ebe ogologo oge dị na eklips maka kpakpando ụfọdụ. Parapegma dị n'elu ọpịpị a a-agụ ( braket square a-egosi ederede atụnyere): {| class="wikitable" |Α |ΑΙΓΟΚΕΡΩΣ ΑΡΧΕΤΑΙΑΝΑΤΕΛΛΕΙΝ [...] Α |[[Capricornus|Capricorn]] begins to rise | rowspan="11" style="background:white;" |  |Ι |ΚΡΙΟΣ ΑΡΧΕΤΑΙ ΕΠΙΤΕΛΛΕΙΝ<br /><br />[...] Α |Aries begins to rise |- | |ΤΡΟΠΑΙ ΧΕΙΜΕΡΙΝΑΙ [...] Α |Winter solstice | |ΙΣΗΜΕΡΙΑ ΕΑΡΙΝΗ [...] Α |Vernal equinox |- |Β |[...] ΕΙ ΕΣΠΕΡΙ |... evening |Κ |[...] ΕΣΠΕΡΙΑ [...] ΙΑ |... evening |- |Γ |[...] ΙΕΣΠΕΡΙ |... evening |Λ |ΥΑΔΕΣ ΔΥΝΟΥΣΙΝ<br /><br />ΕΣΠΕΡΙΑΙ [...] ΚΑ |The Hyades set in the evening |- |Δ |[...] ΥΔΡΟΧΟΟΣ ΑΡΧΕΤΑΙ<br /><br />ΕΠΙΤΕΛΛΕΙΝΑ |Aquarius begins to rise |Μ |ΤΑΥΡΟΣ ΑΡΧΕΤΑΙ<br /><br />Ε{Π}ΙΤΕΛΛΕΙΝΑ |[[Taurus (ìgwè kpakpando)|Taurus]] begins to rise |- |Ε |[...] ΕΣΠΕΡΙΟΣ [...] Ι{Ο} |... evening |Ν |ΛΥΡΑ ΕΠΙΤΕΛΛΕΙ<br /><br />ΕΣΠΕΡΙΛ [...] Δ |[[Lyra]] rises in the evening |- |Ζ |[...] ΡΙΑΙ [...] Κ |... {evening} |Ξ |ΠΛΕΙΑΣ ΕΠΙΤΕΛΛΕΙ<br /><br />ΕΩΙΑ [...] Ι |The Pleiades rise in the morning |- |Η |ΙΧΘΥΕΣ ΑΡΧΟΝΤΑΙ<br /><br />ΕΠΙΤΕΛΛΕΙΝ [...] Α |[[Azụ (ìgwè kpakpando)|Pisces]] begins to rise |Ο |ΥΑΣ ΕΠΙΤΕΛΛΕΙ ΕΩΙΑ [...] Δ |The Hyades rise in the morning |- |Θ |[...] {Ι}Α | |Π |ΔΙΔΥΜΟΙ ΑΡΧΟΝΤΑ<br /><br />ΕΠΙΤΕΛΛΕΙΝ [...] Α |Gemini begins to rise |- | colspan="3;" rowspan="2;" style="background:white;" |  |Ρ |ΑΕΤΟΣ ΕΠΙΤΕΛΛΕΙ ΕΣΠΕΡΙΟΣ |Altair rises in the evening |- |Σ |ΑΡΚΤΟΥΡΟΣ ΔΥΝΕΙ Ε{Ω}{Ι}ΟΣ |Arcturus sets in the morning |} Parapegma dị n'okpuru ọkpụkpọ na agụ: {| class="wikitable" |Α |ΧΗΛΑΙ ΑΡΧΟΝΤΑ<br /><br />ΕΠΙΤΕΛΛΕΙΝ [...] Α |[[Libra (ìgwè kpakpando)|Libra]] begins to rise | rowspan="12" style="background:white;" |  |Μ |ΚΑΡΚΙΝΟΣ ΑΡΧΕΤΑΙ<br /><br />[...] Α |Cancer begins {to rise} |- | |{Ι}ΣΗΜΕΡΙΑ ΦΘΙΝΟΠΩΡΙΝΗ<br /><br />[...] Α |Autumnal equinox | |ΤΡΟΠΑΙ ΘΕΡΙΝΑΙ [...] Α |Summer solstice |- |Β |[...] ΑΝΑΤΕΛΛΟΥΣΙΝ<br /><br />ΕΣΠΕΡΙΟΙΙΑ |... rise in the evening |Ν |ΩΡΙΩΝ ΑΝΤΕΛΛΕΙ ΕΩΙΟΣ |Orion precedes the morning |- |Γ |[...] ΑΝΑΤΕΛΛΕΙ ΕΣΠΕΡΙΑΙΔ |... rise in the evening |Ξ |{Κ}ΥΩΝ ΑΝΤΕΛΛΕΙ ΕΩΙΟΣ |Canis Major precedes the morning |- |Δ |[...] ΤΕΛΛΕΙΙ{Ο} |... rise |Ο |ΑΕΤΟΣ ΔΥΝΕΙ ΕΩΙΟΣ |Altair sets in the morning |- |Ε |ΣΚΟΡΠΙΟΣ ΑΡΧΕΤΑΙ<br /><br />ΑΝΑΤΕΛΛΕΙΝΑ |Scorpio begins to rise |Π |ΛΕΩΝ ΑΡΧΕΤΑΙ<br /><br />ΕΠΙΤΕΛΛΕΙΝ [...] Α |Leo begins to rise |- |Ζ |[...] | |Ρ |[...] | |- |Η |[...] | |Σ |[...] | |- |Θ |[...] | |Τ |[...] | |- |Ι |ΤΟΞΟΤΗΣ ΑΡΧΕΤΑΙ<br /><br />ΕΠΙΤΕΛΛΕΙΝ [...] Α |[[Sagittarius (ìgwè kpakpando)|Sagittarius]] begins to rise |Υ |[...] | |- |Κ |[...] | |Φ |[...] | |- |Λ |[...] | |Χ |[...] | |} Opekempe, ntụnye aka abụọ gosipụtara ọnọdụ ozu n'elu eklips. Ihe nrịbama ọnwa na egosi ọnọdụ ọnwa, na egosipụtara ihe nrịbama anyanwụ pụtara, ikekwe na agbakọ okpukpu abụọ dị ka akara ụbọchị dị ugbu a. Ọnọdụ ọnwa abụghị ihe ngosi ọnwa dị mfe nke ga egosi mmegharị n'otu n'otu gburugburu okirikiri okirikiri; kama, ọ gbasara osooso na mbelata nke ọnwa elliptical orbit, site na mbido izizi nke ihe eji eme ihe. Ọ chọpụtakwara ụzọ nke ọnwa elliptical orbit na gburugburu eklips n'ime okirikiri afọ 8.88. Ọnọdụ Sun bụ, site na nkọwa, ụbọchị dị ugbu a. A na eche na ebe ọ bụ na etinyere nnukwu mgbalị iji hụ na ọnọdụ ọnwa ziri ezi,: 20, 24  ọ ga abụkwa na enwekwara ihe nrịbama "ezi anyanwụ" na mgbakwunye na ihe ngosi Sun, iji soro elliptical anomaly nke. Sun (okirikiri Ụwa gburugburu Sun), ma ọ dịghị ihe àmà nke ya n'etiti iberibe achọtara. N'otu aka ahụ, ọ dịghịkwa ihe akaebe nke ihe nrịbama nke mbara ala maka mbara ala ise ndị Gris maara n'etiti iberibe. Mana lee atụmatụ gia echere n'okpuru. Injinia injinia Michael Wright gosipụtara na enwere usoro iji weta usoro ọnwa na mgbakwunye na ọnọdụ ahụ. Ihe ngosi bụ obere bọọlụ agbakwunyere na akara ọnwa, ọkara na acha ọcha na ọkara oji, nke na atụgharị iji gosi oge (ọhụrụ, nkeji mbụ, ọkara, nkeji nke atọ, zuru ezu na azụ). A na enweta data iji kwado ọrụ a nyere Sun na Ọnwa ọnọdụ dịka ntụgharị akụkụ akụkụ; N'ezie, ọ bụ akụkụ dị n'etiti abụọ ahụ, sụgharịa n'ime ntụgharị nke bọọlụ ahụ. Ọ na achọ ngwa dị iche, nhazi nhazi nke na agbakọta ma ọ bụ na ekewa ntinye akụkụ abụọ. ==== Ihu azụ ==== Na 2008, ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị kọrọ nchoputa ọhụrụ na Nature na egosi usoro ọ bụghị nanị na esochi kalenda Metonic na amụma chi jiri n'ehihie, kamakwa gbakọọ oge egwuregwu egwuregwu panhellenic, dị ka egwuregwu Olympic oge ochie. Ihe odide ndị dị na ngwá ọrụ ahụ kwekọrọ na aha ọnwa ndị e ji mee ihe na kalenda sitere na Epirus nke dị n'ebe ugwu ọdịda anyanwụ Gris nakwa n'àgwàetiti Corfu, bụ́ nke a na akpọ Corcyra n'oge ochie. N'azụ usoro ahụ, enwere ọkpụkpọ ise: nnukwu ngosi abụọ ahụ, Metonic na Saros, na ihe ngosi atọ dị nta, nke a na akpọ Olympiad Dial, nke akpọgharịrị aha ọkpụkpọ egwuregwu dịka ọ naghị eso Olympiad afọ (afọ). okirikiri afọ anọ ọ na akpachi anya bụ Halieiad), Callipic, na exeligmos.: 11 Ọkpọ oku metonic bụ isi ọkpụkpọ dị n'azụ nke usoro ahụ. Usoro Metonic, nke akọwapụtara n'ọtụtụ akụkụ anụ ahụ, bụ ọnwa synodic 235, nke dị nso (n'ime ihe na erughị 13 otu nde) ruo afọ 19 okpomọkụ. Ya mere ọ bụ oge dị mma maka ịtụgharị n'etiti kalenda ọnwa na anyanwụ. Ọkpọ oku Metonic na ekpuchi ọnwa 235 n'ime ngbanwe ise nke ọkpụkpọ ahụ, na eso usoro okirikiri ya na onye na eso ụzọ na pointer nke na edobe oyi akwa nke gburugburu. Ntuziaka ahụ na arụtụ aka na ọnwa synodic, nke a na agụ site na ọnwa ọhụrụ ruo ọnwa ọhụrụ, na cell nwere aha ọnwa ndị Kọrịnt. # Ya mere, ịtọ oge anyanwụ ziri ezi (na ụbọchị) n'ihu panel na egosi ọnwa nke ọnwa dị ugbu a na azụ panel, na mkpebi n'ime otu izu ma ọ bụ karịa. Dabere n'eziokwu na aha ọnwa kalenda kwekọrọ na ihe akaebe niile nke kalenda Epirote yana na ọkpụkpọ egwuregwu na ekwu maka obere egwuregwu Naa nke Dodona (na Epirus), a na arụ ụka na kalenda na usoro ahụ nwere ike. bụrụ kalenda Epirote, na na eleghi anya ka ewepụtara kalenda nke a site na mpaghara ndị Kọrịnt na Epirus, ikekwe Ambracia. A na arụ ụka na ọnwa mbụ nke kalenda, Phoinikaios, bụ ọnwa nke oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ dara, na ụbọchị mmalite nke kalenda malitere obere oge ka ọnwa ọhụrụ nke mbara igwe nke 23 August 205 BC gasịrị. Ọkpọ oku egwuregwu bụ ọkpụkpọ oku sekọndịrị ziri ezi; ọ bụ naanị ihe nrịbama na ngwá ọrụ na aga n'ihu elekere elekere ka oge na aga. A na ekewa ọkpụkpọ ọkpụkpọ ahụ na mpaghara anọ, nke ọ bụla n'ime ha ka edere ya na ihe ngosi afọ na aha egwuregwu Panhellenic abụọ: egwuregwu "okpueze" nke Isthmia, Olympia, Nemea, na Pythia; na egwuregwu abụọ dị obere: Naa (nke a na eme na Dodona) na Halieia nke Rhodes. Ihe odide nke ọ bụla n'ime ngalaba anọ ahụ bụ: {| class="wikitable" |+Olympic dial !Year of the cycle !Inside the dial inscription !Outside the dial inscription |- !1 |LΑ |ΙΣΘΜΙΑ (Isthmia)<br /><br />ΟΛΥΜΠΙΑ (Olympia) |- !2 |LΒ |ΝΕΜΕΑ (Nemea)<br /><br />NAA (Naa) |- !3 |LΓ |ΙΣΘΜΙΑ (Isthmia) <br /><br />ΠΥΘΙΑ (Pythia) |- !4 |LΔ |ΝΕΜΕΑ (Nemea)<br /><br />ΑΛΙΕΙΑ (Halieia) |} Ọkpọ oku Saros bụ isi ọkpụkpọ okirikiri dị ala n'azụ nke usoro ahụ.: 4–5, 10  okirikiri Saros dị afọ 18 na ụbọchị ogologo (6585.333 ... ụbọchị), nke dị nso na ọnwa synodic 223 (6585.3211 ụbọchị). ). A kọwapụtara ya dị ka okirikiri nke ikwugharị ọnọdụ ndị a chọrọ iji mee ka chi jiri n’ehihie na nke ọnwa, ya mere, a pụrụ iji ya buru amụma ha—ọ bụghị nanị ọnwa, kama ụbọchị na oge nke ụbọchị. okirikiri ahụ dị ihe dịka awa 8 n'ogologo karịa ọnụọgụ ọnụọgụ ụbọchị. N'ịbụ nke a sụgharịa n'ọkpụkpụ zuru ụwa ọnụ, nke ahụ pụtara n'ehihie na apụta ọ bụghị nanị awa asatọ ka e mesịrị, ma otu ụzọ n'ụzọ atọ nke ntụgharị gawa n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ. Glyphs dị na 51 n'ime sel ọnwa synodic 223 nke ọkpụkpọ na akọwapụta ihe omume nke ọnwa 38 na 27 anyanwụ chi jiri. Ụfọdụ nbibiri okwu ndị dị na glyphs gụrụ: * Glyphs na egosi ma chi jiri n'ehihie ọ bụ anyanwụ ma ọ bụ ọnwa, ma nye ụbọchị nke ọnwa na elekere. Enwere ike ghara ịhụ chi jiri n'ehihie n'oge ọ bụla, a na ahụkwa chi jiri n'ọnwa naanị ma ọ bụrụ na ọnwa dị n'elu mbara igwe n'oge awa a kara aka.: 6  Tụkwasị na nke ahụ, ahịrị ndị dị n'ime na ebe kadinal nke ọkpụkpọ Saros na egosi mmalite nke a. okirikiri ọnwa zuru oke. Dabere na nkesa nke oge chi jiri n'ehihie, a na-arụ ụka na ụbọchị mmalite nke ọkpụkpọ Saros bụ obere oge ka ọnwa ọhụrụ nke mbara igwe gasịrị nke 28 Eprel 205 BC. Ọkpọ oku Exeligmos bụ ọkpụkpọ ala nke abụọ na azụ nke sistemụ. okirikiri exeligmos bụ okirikiri Saros dị afọ 54 nke dị ụbọchị 19,756 ogologo. Ebe ọ bụ na ogologo nke Saros okirikiri bụ otu ụzọ n'ụzọ atọ nke otu ụbọchị (ya bụ, 6,585 ụbọchị gbakwunyere 8 awa), a full exeligmos okirikiri laghachi agụta na ihe integral nọmba nke ụbọchị, dị ka e gosipụtara na e dere. Akara akara na ngalaba atọ ya bụ:: 10 Ya mere, ihe nrịbama ọkpụkpọ na egosi awa ole a ga agbakwunyere na oge glyph nke ọkpụkpọ Saros iji gbakọọ oge n'ehihie n'ehihie. [Ihe ndekọ achọrọ] === Ọnụ ụzọ === [[Usòrò:Manual2021-X_MOUSSAS_SAROS.jpg|thumb|ΣΚΓ, na egosi okirikiri Saros nke ọnwa 223]] Usoro ahụ nwere ihe mkpuchi osisi nwere ihu na azụ, ma nwere ihe odide. Ọnụ ụzọ azụ dị ka ọ bụ 'akwụkwọ ntuziaka'. N'otu n'ime iberibe ya ka edere "afọ 76, afọ 19" na anọchite anya okirikiri Callipic na Metonic. Edekwara ya bụ "223" maka okirikiri Saros. N'otu akụkụ ya ọzọ, edere ya "na mpaghara gburugburu 235" na ezo aka na ọkpụkpọ Metonic. === Ịkwado === Usoro a dị ịrịba ama maka ọkwa nke miniaturization na mgbagwoju anya nke akụkụ ya, bụ nke a na atụnyere nke elekere mbara igwe nke narị afọ nke 14. O nwere opekata mpe 30, ọ bụ ezie na ọkachamara n'ịrụ ọrụ Michael Wright tụrụ aro na ndị Gris nke oge a nwere ike itinye usoro nwere ọtụtụ ngwa ngwa. Enwere arụmụka maka ma usoro ahụ nwere ihe ngosi maka mbara ala ise niile mara ndị Gris oge ochie. Ọ nweghị ihe eji eme ihe ngosi mbara ala dị otú ahụ na adị ndụ ma a na agụta ngwa ngwa niile - ewezuga otu gia nwere ezé 63 (r1) ma ọ bụghị nke a na enwetaghị na iberibe D. Iberibe D bụ obere mkpọda okirikiri nke, dị ka Xenophon Moussas si kwuo, nwere ngwa n'ime ngwa oghere dị ntakịrị. Ngwa dị n'ime na agagharị n'ime gia dị n'èzí na emepụtagharị mmegharị nke epicyclical nke, jiri ihe nrịbama na enye ọnọdụ nke mbara ala Jupiter. A na agụ ngwa ime ime ya 45, “ME” n’asụsụ Grik, e dekwara otu nọmba ahụ n’elu elu abụọ nke obere igbe cylindrical a. Ebumnobi nke ihu ihu bụ idobe ahụ nke mbara igwe n'ihe gbasara mbara igwe n'akụkụ eklips, n'ihe gbasara ọnọdụ onye na ekiri ya n'ụwa. Nke ahụ adịghị mkpa na ajụjụ ma a na agbakọ ọnọdụ ahụ site na iji heliocentric ma ọ bụ geocentric ele nke Sistemụ Anyanwụ; ma usoro mgbakọ na mwepụ kwesịrị, ma mee, mee ka otu ọnọdụ ahụ pụta (na eleghara elliptical anya), n'ime ihe ndị na ezighị ezi nke usoro ahụ. The epicyclic anyanwụ usoro nke Ptolemy (c. 100 AD–c. 170 AD)—narị afọ mgbe o doro anya na ewu ụbọchị nke usoro — na-aga n'ihu na ọtụtụ epicycles, na bụ ihe ziri ezi ịkọ ọnọdụ nke mbara ala karịa echiche nke Copernicus. (1473–1543), ruo mgbe Kepler (1571–1630) webatara ohere na orbits bụ ellipses. Evans et al. na atụ aro na iji gosipụta ọnọdụ nke mbara ala ise oge gboo ga achọ naanị gia 17 ọzọ enwere ike idowe ya n'ihu nnukwu ngwa ịnya ụgbọ ala wee gosi site na iji okirikiri okirikiri n'otu n'otu na ihu. Freeth na Jones chepụtara ma bipụta nkọwapụta nke ụdị site na iji ụgbọ oloko gia mebere nke yiri usoro anomaly nke ọnwa, na enye ohere maka ngosipụta nke ọnọdụ mbara ala, yana njikọ nke Anomaly Sun. Ha na ekwu na usoro ha dị ezigbo mma karịa ihe nlereanya Wright, ebe ọ na eji nkà ama ama nke ndị Gris ma ghara itinye mgbagwoju anya ma ọ bụ nrụgide dị n'ime igwe. Ezé gia dị n'ụdị triangles nhata nwere nkezi okirikiri okirikiri nke 1.6 mm, nkezi ọkpụrụkpụ wheel nke 1.4 mm yana nkezi oghere ikuku n'etiti gia nke 1.2 mm. E nwere ike ịmepụta ezé site na gburugburu ọla nke oghere na eji ngwá ọrụ aka; nke a pụtara ìhè n'ihi na ọ bụghị ha niile na ada. N'ihi ọganihu na nkà na ụzụ X-ray na aga n'ihu, ọ ga ekwe omume ugbu a ịmata ọnụ ọgụgụ ezé na nha nke gia n'ime mpekere ndị dị. Ya mere, ọrụ bụ isi nke ngwaọrụ ahụ abụghịzi ihe omimi ma megharịa ya nke ọma. Isi amaghi ama ka bụ ajụjụ nke ọnụnọ na ọdịdị nke ihe ngosi ụwa ọ bụla.: 8 Tebụl nke gia, ezé ha, na ntụgharị a na-atụ anya na agbakọ nke ngwa dị mkpa na esote. Ọrụ gia sitere na Freeth et al. (2008) na maka ọkara ala nke tebụl sitere na Freeth et al. (2012). Ụkpụrụ agbakọtara na amalite site na otu afọ kwa mgbanwe maka gia b1, ma ndị fọdụrụ na agbakọ ozugbo site na nha nha nha. Ngwa ngwa ejiri akara akara (*) na-efu, ma ọ bụ nwee ndị bu ya ụzọ na efu, site na usoro amaara; agbakọla ngwa ngwa ndị a site na ọnụ ọgụgụ ezé gia kwesịrị ekwesị. (A na agbakọ ogologo na ụbọchị na eche na afọ bụ ụbọchị 365.2425.) {| class="wikitable" |+The Antikythera Mechanism: known and proposed gears and accuracy of computation !Gear name !Function of the gear/pointer !Desired length of a full circular revolution !Mechanism formula !Computed interval !Gear direction |- !x |Year gear |1 tropical year |1 (by definition) |1 year (presumed) |cw |- !b |The Moon's orbit |1 sidereal month (27.321661 days) |Time(b) = Time(x) * (c1 / b2) * (d1 / c2) * (e2 / d2) * (k1 / e5) * (e6 / k2) * (b3 / e1) |27.321 days |cw |- !r |Lunar phase display |1 synodic month (29.530589 days) |Time(r) = 1 / (1 / Time(b2 [mean sun] or sun3 [true sun])) – (1 / Time(b))) |29.530 days<ref group="table"name=epicycle>On average, due to epicyclic gearing causing accelerations and decelerations.</ref> | clockwise | |- !n* |Metonic pointer |Metonic cycle () / 5 spirals around the dial = 1387.94 days |Time(n) = Time(x) * (l1 / b2) * (m1 /l2) * (n1 / m2) |1387.9 days |ccw |- !o* |Games dial pointer |4 years |Time(o) = Time(n) * (o1 / n2) |4.00 years |cw<ref group="table"name=boxside>Being on the reverse side of the box, the "natural" rotation is the opposite</ref> |- !q* |Callippic pointer |27758.8 days |Time(q) = Time(n) * (p1 / n3) * (q1 /p2) |27758 days |ccw<ref group="table" name="boxside" /> |- !e* |Lunar orbit precession |8.85 years |Time(e) = Time(x) * (l1 / b2) * (m1 / l2) * (e3 / m3) |8.8826 years |ccw |- !g* |Saros cycle |Saros time / 4 turns = 1646.33 days |Time(g) = Time(e) * (f1 / e4) * (g1 / f2) |1646.3 days |ccw<ref group="table" name="boxside" /> |- !i* |Exeligmos pointer |19755.8 days |Time(i) = Time(g) * (h1 / g2) * (i1 / h2) |19756 days |ccw<ref group="table" name="boxside" /> |- ! colspan="6" style="text-align: center;" |The following are proposed gearing from the 2012 Freeth and Jones reconstruction: |- !sun3* |True sun pointer |1 mean year |Time(sun3) = Time(x) * (sun3 / sun1) * (sun2 / sun3) |1 mean year<ref group="table" name="epicycle" /> |cw |- !mer2* |Mercury pointer |115.88 days (synodic period) |Time(mer2) = Time(x) * (mer2 / mer1) |115.89 days<ref group="table" name="epicycle" /> |cw<ref group="table" name="retro" /> |- !ven2* |Venus pointer |583.93 days (synodic period) |Time(ven2) = Time(x) * (ven1 / sun1) |584.39 days<ref group="table" name="epicycle" /> |cw<ref group="table" name="retro" /> |- !mars4* |Mars pointer |779.96 days (synodic period) |Time(mars4) = Time(x) * (mars2 / mars1) * (mars4 / mars3) |779.84 days<ref group="table" name="epicycle" /> |cw<ref group="table" name="retro" /> |- !jup4* |Jupiter pointer |398.88 days (synodic period) |Time(jup4) = Time(x) * (jup2 / jup1) * (jup4 / jup3) |398.88 days<ref group="table" name="epicycle" /> |cw<ref group="table" name="retro" /> |- !sat4* |Saturn pointer |378.09 days (synodic period) |Time(sat4) = Time(x) * (sat2 / sat1) * (sat4 / sat3) |378.06 days<ref group="table" name="epicycle" /> |cw<ref group="table" name="retro" /> |} <references group="table" responsive="0"></references> Enwere ọnụọgụ gia dị iche iche maka ụwa nke ọ bụla na ebute nsonazụ nso na ụkpụrụ ziri ezi maka oge synodic nke mbara ala na anyanwụ. Ndị ahọpụtara n'elu dị ka ndị ziri ezi, nwere ọnụ ọgụgụ nha nha nha, mana amabeghị ngwa ngwa ndị ejiri n'ezie. ==== Atụmatụ gia mara ==== [[Usòrò:AntikytheraMechanismSchematic-Freeth12.png|thumb|Ihe nlere anya nke nleba anya nke gearing nke Antikythera Mechanism, gụnyere nkọwa nke 2012 bipụtara nke gearing dị ugbu a, agbakwunyere agbakwunyere iji rụọ ọrụ ama ama zuru oke, yana ntinye aka iji rụzuo ọrụ ndị ọzọ, ya bụ ezigbo ntụ ntụ na ntụzịaka maka mbara ala ise a ma ama mgbe ahụ. dị ka Freeth na Jones tụrụ aro, 2012. Dabere na eserese yiri nke ahụ na Freeth 2006 Supplement and Wright 2005, Epicycles Part 2. Atụpụtara (dị ka a na amaghị site na artefact) gearing crosshatched.]] O yikarịrị ka enwere ọkpụkpọ mbara ala, ebe a na.ekwu maka mmegharị ahụ gbagwojuru anya na oge nke mbara ala niile na ntuziaka nke usoro ahụ. A maghị kpọmkwem ọnọdụ na usoro maka gia nke mbara ala. Enweghị usoro coaxial ma ọ bụ naanị maka ọnwa. Iberibe D nke bụ usoro epicycloidal, a na ahụta dị ka ihe eji eme mbara ala maka Jupiter (Moussas, 2011, 2012, 2014) ma ọ bụ ihe eji eme ihe maka ngagharị nke Sun (otu mahadum nke Thessaloniki). A na arụ ọrụ Sun Gear site na crank ejiri aka rụọ ọrụ (jikọrọ na gear a1, na akwọ ụgbọ mmiri nke nwere nnukwu okwu anọ pụtara Sun gear, b1) na n'aka nke ya na ebugharị ihe ndị ọzọ gia. The Sun Gear bụ b1/b2 na b2 nwere 64 ezé. Ọ na eme ozugbo akara ụbọchị/ pụtara anyanwụ (enwere ike ịbụ nke abụọ, “ezi anyanwụ” pointer nke gosipụtara anomaly nke Sun; a tụlere ya n'okpuru na nrụgharị Freeth). N'ime mkparịta ụka a, ntụnyere aka bụ oge ngbanwe nke ihe nrịbama na ihe nrịbama dị iche iche; ha niile na eche na ntụgharị ntinye nke b1 gear nke ogo 360, dabara na otu afọ okpomọkụ, ma na agbakọ ya naanị na ndabere nke gia nke gia akpọrọ aha. Ụgbọ oloko nke ọnwa na amalite site na gia b1 wee gaa n'ihu site na c1, c2, d1, d2, e2, e5, k1, k2, e6, e1, na b3 gaa na akara ọnwa na ihu ihu. Gears k1 na k2 na etolite usoro ihe eji eme ihe nke epicyclic; ha bụ otu ụzọ gia nke na adịghị ntupu, kama, ha na-arụ ọrụ ihu na ihu, na etinye obere ntụtụ na k1 n'ime oghere na k2. Ngwa abụọ ahụ nwere ebe ntụgharị dị iche iche, yabụ ntụtụ ga agarịrị azụ na azụ na oghere. Nke ahụ na abawanye ma na-ebelata radius nke a na ebugharị k2, na-agbanwekwa ka ọ na agbanwe ọsọ ọsọ ya (na-eche na ọsọ nke k1 dị ọbụna) ngwa ngwa n'akụkụ ụfọdụ nke ntụgharị karịa ndị ọzọ. N'ime mgbanwe dum, nkezi ngwa ngwa bụ otu, mana mgbanwe ngwa ngwa na adị nwayọọ na egosipụta mmetụta nke elliptical orbit nke ọnwa, n'ihi iwu nke abụọ na nke atọ nke Kepler. Oge ntụgharị ntụgharị nke ọnwa pointer (nkezi ihe karịrị otu afọ) bụ ụbọchị 27.321, ma e jiri ya tụnyere ogologo oge nke ọnwa sidereal nke ọnwa 27.321661. Oghere pin / oghere nke k1 / k2 gears na agbanwe mgbanwe n'ime otu afọ, na ịrị elu nke ngwa abụọ ahụ na gia e3 na enye ọganihu tupu oge eruo na ihe ngosi elliptical na oge nke 8.8826 afọ, ma e jiri ya tụnyere uru dị ugbu a. nke precession oge nke ọnwa nke 8.85 afọ. Usoro a na egosipụtakwa usoro nke ọnwa. Ihe nrịbama ọnwa na ejide ogwe n'ogologo ya, nke a na etinye obere ngwa aha ya bụ r, nke na ejikọta ya na Sun pointer na B0 (njikọ dị n'etiti B0 na ndị ọzọ B adịghị ahụ anya na usoro mbụ, ya mere ma b0 bụ. ụbọchị dị ugbu a/ pụtara Sun pointer ma ọ bụ echiche nke ezi Sun adịghị amata). Ngwa ahụ na agbagharị gburugburu ọkpụkpọ na Ọnwa, ma a na echekwa ya na Sun mmetụta ya bụ ịrụ ọrụ dị iche iche, ya mere ngwa ahụ na atụgharị n'oge ọnwa synodic, na atụle ya, akụkụ nke ọdịiche dị n'etiti Sun. na ihe nrịbama ọnwa. Ngwa ahụ na ebugharị obere bọọlụ na apụta site na oghere dị na ihu ọnwa pointer, na ese ogologo ogologo ọkara ọcha na ọkara ojii, na egosipụta usoro ya na eserese. Ọ na atụgharị n'ụdị ntụgharị oge nke ụbọchị 29.53; Uru nke oge a maka ọnwa synodic bụ 29.530589 ụbọchị. Ụgbọ okporo ígwè Metonic na eji ụgbọ okporo ígwè b1, b2, l1, l2, m1, m2, na n1, nke ejikọrọ na pointer. Ogologo oge ntụgharị nke ihe nrịbama bụ ogologo nke ụbọchị 6939.5 (n'elu okirikiri ntụgharị ise dum), ebe uru ọgbara ọhụrụ maka okirikiri Metonic bụ ụbọchị 6939.69. Ụgbọ oloko Olympiad bụ b1, b2, l1, l2, m1, m2, n1, n2, na o1, nke na ebuli pointer. O nwere oge ngbanwe agbakọtara ọnụ nke afọ anọ, dịka a tụrụ anya ya. Ọ bụ naanị ihe nrịba ama na usoro na aga n'ihu elekere; ndị ọzọ niile na atụgharị n'akụkụ elekere. Ụgbọ oloko Calllippic bụ b1, b2, l1, l2, m1, m2, n1, n3, p1, p2, na q1, na ebuli ihe nrịbama ahụ. O nwere oge ngbanwe agbakọtara nke ụbọchị 27758, ebe uru ọgbara ọhụrụ bụ ụbọchị 27758.8. Ụgbọ okporo ígwè Saros na eji b1, b2, l1, l2, m1, m3, e3, e4, f1, f2, na g1 na anya, nke na ebuli ihe nrịbama ahụ. Oge ntụgharị nke ihe nrịbama Saros a haziri ahazi bụ ụbọchị 1646.3 (na ntụgharị anọ n'akụkụ egwu ihe nrịba ama); Ọnụ ego nke oge a bụ 1646.33 ụbọchị. Ụgbọ okporo ígwè Exeligmos bụ b1, b2, l1, l2, m1, m3, e3, e4, f1, f2, g1, g2, h1, h2, na i1, nke na-ebuli ihe ntụnye ahụ. Oge ntụgharị ihe atụ nke exeligmos pointer bụ ụbọchị 19,756; uru nke oge a bụ 19755.96 ụbọchị. Ọ dị ka gia m3, n1-3, p1-2, na q1 anwụghị n'ime mkpọmkpọ ebe ahụ. A na ewepụ ọrụ nke ihe nrịbama ahụ site na foduru nke dial na ihu azụ, na ezi uche, ngwa ngwa kwesịrị ekwesị iji mezuo ọrụ ndị a tụrụ aro ma nabata ya n'ozuzu ya. == Mgbalị nwughari == === Atụmatụ akụrụngwa atụpụtara === N'ihi nnukwu ohere dị n'etiti gia Sun na n'ihu nke ikpe ahụ na nha na njiri arụ ọrụ na gia Sun, ọ ga abụ na usoro ahụ nwere ntinye ọzọ nke furu efu na ma ọ bụ sochiri ụgbọ mmiri ahụ. , ma ọ bụ wepụrụ tupu ebuba ya n'ụgbọ mmiri. Enweghị ihe akaebe a na ọdịdị nke akụkụ dị n'ihu nke usoro ahụ emeela ka a na agbalị iṅomi ihe ndị Gris oge ochie gaara eme na n'ihi enweghị ihe àmà, a na etinye ọtụtụ ngwọta n'ime ọtụtụ afọ. Mana ka enweela ọganihu n'ịtụle ihe owuwu dị n'ime na ịkọwapụta ihe odide ndị ahụ, ewepụla ụdị ndị mbụ ma mepụta ụdị ka mma.   Derek J. de Solla Price wuru ihe nlereanya dị mfe na 1970s. N'afọ 2002, Michael Wright chepụtara ma wuo ihe nlereanya mbụ a na arụ ọrụ nke nwere usoro a ma ama na nṅomi ya nke usoro mbara ala nwere ike. Ọ tụrụ aro na yana anomaly nke ọnwa, a ga emezigharị maka ọdịda anyanwụ dị omimi, nke bụ isi (nke a maara dị ka "anomaly mbụ"). Ọ gụnyere ihe ntụnye aka maka "ezi anyanwụ" a, Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, na Saturn, na mgbakwunye na "anyanwụ pụtara" (oge dị ugbu a) na akara ọnwa. Evans, Carman, na Thorndike bipụtara ngwọta na 2010 nwere nnukwu ọdịiche sitere na Wright. Atụmatụ ha lekwasịrị anya n'ihe ha hụrụ dị ka oghere na adịghị mma nke ihe odide ndị dị n'ihu ọkpụkpọ ihu, nke dị ha ka ọ na egosi nhazi ihe ngosi anyanwụ na adịghị n'etiti; nke a ga eme ka usoro ahụ dị mfe site n'iwepụ mkpa ọ dị ịme emume anyanwụ. Ha tụrụ aro na ọ bụghị akara ngosi mbara ala ziri ezi (nke mere na ọ gaghị ekwe omume site na ihe odide defiset) a ga enwe ọkpụkpọ dị mfe maka mbara ala nke ọ bụla, na egosi ozi dị ka ihe omume ndị dị mkpa na okirikiri mbara ala, ọdịdị mbụ na nke ikpeazụ na mbara igwe abalị, na ntụzịaka pụtara ìhè. mgbanwe. Usoro a ga eduga na usoro ngwa ngwa dị mfe, yana ike na mgbagwoju anya dị ntakịrị, ma e jiri ya tụnyere ihe nlereanya Wright. Amụma ha jiri ụgbọ oloko dị mfe meshed gia wee gụpụta ihe eji eme eze 63 nke na akọwaghị ya na mbụ n'iberibe D. Ha tụpụtara nhazi efere ihu abụọ, nke nwere akara n'otu n'otu, na nke ọzọ nwere oghere n'elu ihu, iji kọwaa nkatọ na ha ejighị ihe ndozi pụtara na gia b1. Ha tụrụ aro na kama ịbụ ogidi na ogidi maka ngwo na axle, ha na ejide naanị ihu igwe na akara ngosi oge iji gosi na windo. N'ime akwụkwọ e bipụtara na 2012, Carman, Thorndike, na Evans tụkwara usoro nhazi nke epicyclic nwere ndị na eso pin na oghere. Freeth na Jones bipụtara atụmatụ na 2012. Ha tụrụ aro kọmpat na ngwọta ga ekwe omume maka ajụjụ nke ngosi mbara ala. Ha na atụkwa aro igosi anomaly nke anyanwụ (ya bụ, ọnọdụ anyanwụ pụtara ìhè na akara zodiac) na akara dị iche site na akara ụbọchị, nke na egosi ọnọdụ Sun pụtara, yana ụbọchị dị na ọkpụkpọ ọnwa. Ọ bụrụ na emekọrịtara ọkpụkpọ oku abụọ ahụ nke ọma, ngosipụta ihu panel ha bụ n'ezie otu ihe ahụ na nke Wright. N'adịghị ka ihe nlereanya Wright, Otú ọ dị, e wubeghị ihe nlereanya a n'anụ ahụ, ọ bụkwa naanị ụdị kọmputa 3-D. [[Usòrò:Gearing_Relationships_of_the_Antikythera_Mechanism.svg|thumb|Mmekọrịta ime ụlọ nke Antikythera Mechanism, dabere na atụmatụ Freeth na Jones]] Usoro iji mepụta anomaly nke anyanwụ yiri nke a na eji na atụmatụ Wright: gia atọ, otu nke etinyere n'etiti b1 gia ma tinye ya na spindle Sun, nke abụọ edoziri na otu n'ime ọnụ okwu (na atụmatụ ha bụ otu. na ala aka ekpe) na eme ihe dị ka ihe na abaghị uru, na nke ikpeazụ na esote nke ahụ; gia ikpeazụ dabara na ntụtụ na akwụ ụgwọ na, n'elu ntụtụ ahụ kwuru, ogwe aka nwere oghere nke n'aka nke ya, na ejikọta ya na mkpịsị anyanwụ, na akpalite anomaly ka ọ pụtara wiil Sun na atụgharị. Usoro mbara ala ka elu—Mars, Jupiter, na Saturn—ha nile na agbaso otu ụkpụrụ izugbe nke usoro nke ọnwa anomaly. Yiri sistemu ndị dị ala, onye ọ bụla nwere ngwa nke pivot etiti ya dị na ndọtị nke b1, yana nke nwere ihe mgbakwasị ụkwụ. Ọ na enye pin na etiti pivot maka gia epicyclic nke nwere oghere maka ntụtụ ahụ, yana nke ejiri ngwa etinyere na tube coaxial wee banye na pointer. Nke ọ bụla n'ime usoro atọ ahụ nwere ike dabara n'ime akụkụ anọ nke ndọtị b1, ma ha niile nọ n'otu ụgbọ elu dị ka efere ọkpụkpọ ihu. Onye ọ bụla na eji ngwa ala, ngwa ịkwọ ụgbọ ala, ngwa a na ebugharị, yana gia / coaxial tube / pointer, yabụ, gia iri na abụọ na-agbakwunye na niile. Na mkpokọta, enwere spindles coaxial asatọ nke nha nha dị iche iche iji bufee ntụgharị na usoro ahụ na nrịbama asatọ. Yabụ na ihe niile, enwere ngwa mbụ 30, gia asaa agbakwunyere iji rụọ ọrụ kalenda zuru oke, gia 17 na ogwe oghere atọ iji kwado akara ọhụrụ isii ahụ, maka mkpokọta 54 gears, ogwe atọ, na ntụnye asatọ na Freeth na Jones. imewe. Na ihe ngosi a na ahụ anya Freeth na enye, ihe nrịbama dị n'ihu zodiac ọkpụkpọ nwere obere okwute na achọpụta okirikiri. Ọ na-ezo aka na nhota sitere na papyrus oge ochie:   Otú ọ dị, nchọpụta na nchọpụta ọhụrụ na adịbeghị anya egosila na ụdị ndị a dị n'elu adịghị mma. N'afọ 2016, a chọtara nọmba 462 na 442 na nyocha onyonyo nke ihe odide ndị metụtara Venus na Saturn, n'otu n'otu. Ndị a metụtara okirikiri synodic nke mbara ala ndị a, ma gosi na usoro ahụ ziri ezi karịa ka e chere na mbụ. Na 2018, dabere na nyocha CT, Antikythera Mechanism Research Project tụpụtara mgbanwe na gearing ma mepụta akụkụ igwe dabere na nke a. Na Machị 2021, Ndị otu nyocha Antikythera na Mahadum Mahadum [[London]], nke Freeth duziri, bipụtara nrụgharị ọhụrụ nke usoro Antikythera niile. Ha nwere ike ịchọta ngwa ngwa ndị nwere ike ịkekọrịta n'etiti ụgbọ oloko ụgbọ okporo ígwè maka mbara ala dị iche iche, site n'iji ezi uche mee ihe maka usoro synodic nke nwere obere isi ihe, na ihe 7 na 17 na-eji ihe karịrị otu mbara ala. Ha kwubiri na ọ dịghị nke ọ bụla n'ime ụdị ndị gara aga "dakọtara na data niile amaara ugbu a", mana ihe nlereanya ha dabara na ya. Freeth (onye nwụrụ na 2021) eduzila vidiyo na akọwa nchoputa nke oge okirikiri synodic na nkwubi okwu banyere otu usoro ahụ si arụ ọrụ. === Izi ezi === Nnyocha Freeth na Jones mere gosiri na usoro ha simulated ezighi ezi. Ihe nrịbama Mars ruru 38° na ezighi ezi n'ụfọdụ oge (adịghị ezighi ezi ndị a na eme n'ọnụ ọnụ ụzọ ngagharị nke Mars 'retrograde, na njehie na alaghachi na ebe ndị ọzọ na orbit). Nke a abụghị n'ihi ezighi ezi na nha nha nha na usoro, mana ezughị oke na ozizi Greek nke mmegharị mbara ala. Enweghị ike imeziwanye izi ezi ruo c. 160 AD mgbe Ptolemy bipụtara Almagest ya (karịsịa site n'ịgbakwunye echiche nke equant na tiori ya), mgbe ahụ ọtụtụ oge ka e mesịrị site na iwebata iwu Kepler nke mmegharị ụwa na 1609 na 1619.   Na mgbakwunye na izi ezi nke usoro iwu, enwere okwu maka izi ezi nke igwe. Freeth na Jones na ekwu na "ịtọhapụ" a na apụghị izere ezere na usoro ahụ n'ihi ngwa eji aka wuo, na ezé triangular ha na esemokwu dị n'etiti gia, na n'elu elu, eleghị anya gaara ekpochapụworị usoro mgbazi nke anyanwụ na ọnwa ndị e wuru n'ime ya. :   Ọ bụ ezie na ngwaọrụ ahụ nwere ike ịgbasi mbọ ike na ezighi ezi, n'ihi ezé triangular bụ nke ejiri aka mee ya, ngụkọ ejiri na nkà na ụzụ emejuputa atumatu iji mepụta ụzọ elliptical nke mbara ala na retrograde nke ọnwa na Mars, site n'iji ụgbọ oloko nke clockwork. na mgbakwunye nke usoro epicyclic pin na slot, nke buru ụzọ mara nke elekere mbụ a maara n'oge ochie na Europe Medieval, ihe karịrị 1000 afọ. [nkọwa dị mkpa] Archimedes' mmepe nke uru pi dị nso na echiche ya nke etiti ike ndọda, yana usoro o mere n'ịzụlite mgbako, na atụ aro na ndị Gris nwere ihe ọmụma mgbakọ na mwepụ zuru oke karịa nke algebra nke Babilọn, iji gosipụta ọdịdị elliptical. nke mmegharị ụwa.   == Ngwa ndị yiri ya na akwụkwọ ochie == === Ụwa ndị Rom === Cicero's De re publica (54-51 BC), mkparịta ụka nkà ihe ọmụma nke narị afọ mbụ BC, kwuru banyere igwe abụọ nke ụfọdụ ndị ode akwụkwọ nke oge a na ewere dị ka ụdị planetarium ma ọ bụ orrery, na ebu amụma mmegharị nke anyanwụ, ọnwa, na mbara ala ise a maara na ya. oge ahụ. Archimedes wuru ha abụọ ma weta ha na Rome site n'aka onye ọchịagha Rome Marcus Claudius Marcellus mgbe Archimedes nwụsịrị na nnọchibido nke Syracuse na 212 BC. Marcellus nwere nkwanye ùgwù dị ukwuu maka Archimedes na otu n'ime igwe ndị a bụ naanị ihe o debere na nnọchibido (nke abụọ ka etinyere na Temple of Virtue). Edebere ngwaọrụ ahụ ka ọ bụrụ ihe nketa ezinụlọ, Cicero nwekwara Philus (otu n'ime ndị sonyere na mkparịta ụka nke Cicero chere na ọ mere na Villalọ nke Scipio Aemilianus n'afọ 129 BC) na ekwu na Gaius Sulpicius Gallus (onye nnọchi anya ya na nwa nwanne Marcellus). na 166 BC, ma Pliny the Elder kwuputara na ọ bụ onye Rom mbụ dere akwụkwọ na akọwa n'ehihie na chi jiri n'ọnwa) nyere ma "nkọwa mmụta" na ngosipụta ọrụ nke ngwaọrụ ahụ.   Pappus nke Aleksandria (290 – c. 350 AD) kwuru na Archimedes edewo ihe odide furu efu ugbu a n'iwu ngwaọrụ ndị a akpọrọ On Sphere Making. Ihe odide ndị dị ndụ n'oge ochie na akọwa ọtụtụ n'ime ihe ndị o kere, ụfọdụ nwere ọbụna ihe osise ndị dị mfe. Otu n'ime ngwaọrụ dị otú ahụ bụ odometer ya, kpọmkwem ihe nlereanya nke ndị Rom mesịrị jiri tinye akara ha maịl (nke Vitruvius, Heron nke Aleksandria na n'oge Emperor Commodus kọwara). Eserese ndị dị n'edemede a pụtara na ọ na-arụ ọrụ, mana mbọ a nwalere iji wuo ha dị ka e sere ada ada. Mgbe ngwo ahụ e sere ese, nke nwere ezé square, jiri ngwo ụdị dị n'ime usoro Antikythera dochie ya, nke nwere akụkụ, ngwaọrụ ahụ na arụ ọrụ nke ọma. Ọ bụrụ na akaụntụ Cicero ziri ezi, mgbe ahụ teknụzụ a dị n'oge dị ka narị afọ nke atọ BC. Ndị na ede oge Rom na emesịa kpọkwara ngwaọrụ Archimedes aha dị ka Lactantius (Divinarum Institutionum Libri VII), Claudian (In sphaeram Archimedes), na Proclus (Nkọwa na akwụkwọ mbụ nke Euclid's Elements of Geometry) na narị afọ nke anọ na nke ise. Cicero kwukwara na e wuru ngwaọrụ ọzọ dị otú ahụ "n'oge na adịbeghị anya" site n'aka enyi ya Posidonius, "... onye ọ bụla n'ime mgbanwe nke na eweta otu mmegharị ahụ na Sun na Ọnwa na kpakpando ise na awagharị awagharị [planets] dị ka e wetara nke ọ bụla. ehihie na abalị n'eluigwe ..." O yighị ka nke ọ bụla n'ime igwe ndị a bụ usoro Antikythera nke a chọtara na ụgbọ mmiri ahụ kpuru ebe ọ bụ na ngwaọrụ abụọ nke Archimedes chepụtara na Cicero kpọtụrụ aha dị na Rom ma ọ dịkarịa ala afọ 30 karịa ụbọchị e mere atụmatụ nke ụgbọ mmiri ahụ kpuru, na ngwaọrụ nke atọ dị na Rom. ọ fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ n'aka Posidonius n'ụbọchị ahụ. Ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị rụgharịrị usoro Antikythera kwetakwara na ọ bụ ọkaibe nke ukwuu ịbụ ngwaọrụ pụrụ iche. === Eastern Mediterranean na ndị ọzọ === [[Usòrò:Clock_Tower_from_Su_Song's_Book_desmear.JPG|thumb|Ụlọ nche elekere nke Su Song]] Ihe akaebe na egosi na usoro Antikythera abụghị ihe pụrụ iche na agbakwụnye nkwado n'echiche ahụ na e nwere ọdịnala Gris oge ochie nke nkà na ụzụ dị mgbagwoju anya nke e mesịrị, ma ọ dịkarịa ala na akụkụ ụfọdụ, bufere ụwa nke Byzantine na Islam, ebe ngwaọrụ ndị na arụ ọrụ dị mgbagwoju anya, n'agbanyeghị. dị mfe karịa usoro Antikythera, nke e wuru n'oge emepechabeghị anya. Achọtala iberibe akwụkwọ kalenda a haziri ahazi nke etinyere na anyanwụ, site na narị afọ nke ise ma ọ bụ nke isii nke Alaeze Ukwu Byzantium; nwere ike iji kalenda nyere aka n'ịkọ oge. N'ime ụwa [[Àlakụ̀ba|islam]], Banū Mūsā's Kitab al-Hiyal, ma ọ bụ Akwụkwọ nke Ingenious Devices, bụ onye Caliph nke Baghdad nyere ọrụ na mmalite narị afọ nke itoolu AD. Ihe odide a kọwara ihe karịrị otu narị ngwaọrụ arụrụ arụ, ụfọdụ n'ime ha nwere ike laa azụ n'ihe odide Grik oge ochie ndị echekwara n'ebe obibi ndị mọnk. Ọkachamara sayensị al-Biruni kọwara kalenda ejikere nke yiri ngwaọrụ Byzantine n'ihe dị ka afọ 1000, na astrolabe nke dị ndụ na narị afọ nke 13 nwekwara ngwa ọrụ elekere. O kwere omume na teknụzụ ọgbara ọhụrụ a nwere ike ibunye na Europe ma nye aka na mmepe nke igwe elekere ebe ahụ. Na narị afọ nke 11, ndị China polymath Su Song rụrụ ụlọ elu elekere nke na akọwa (n'etiti nha ndị ọzọ) ọnọdụ nke ụfọdụ kpakpando na mbara ala, nke egosiri n'okirikiri igwe na agbagharị agbagharị. == Omenala na ihe ngosi nka ama ama == [[Usòrò:CAMK_Mechanizm_z_Antykithiry_LEGO.jpg|áká_èkpè|thumb|Lego Antikythera usoro]] Emeela ọtụtụ ihe ngosi n'ụwa niile, na eduga na ihe ngosi bụ isi "ụgbọ mmiri Antikythera" na National Archaeological Museum na Athens. N'ihe dị ka afọ 2012, e gosipụtara usoro Antikythera dị ka akụkụ nke ihe ngosi nwa oge gbasara ụgbọ mmiri Antikythera, tinyere nrụgharị nke Ioannis Theofanidis, Derek de Solla Price, Michael Wright, Mahadum Thessaloniki na Dionysios Kriaris mere. A na-egosipụta nrụgharị ndị ọzọ na American Kọmputa Museum na Bozeman, Montana, na Children's Museum of Manhattan na New York, na Astronomisch-Physikalisches Kabinett na Kassel, Germany, na Archimedes Museum na Olympia, Greece, na na Musée des Arts. et Métiers na Paris. Usoro akwụkwọ akụkọ National Geographic nke gba ọtọ Sayensị nwere ihe omume ewepụtara na usoro Antikythera akpọrọ "Star Clock BC" nke ewepụtara na 20 Jenụwarị 2011. Ihe nkiri, kọmpụta mbụ nke ụwa, bụ onye nyocha usoro Antikythera na onye na eme ihe nkiri Tony mepụtara na 2012. Freeth. N'afọ 2012, BBC Four wepụtara Kọmputa dị puku afọ abụọ; ewepụtara ya na 3 Eprel 2013 na United States na NOVA, usoro sayensị PBS, n'okpuru aha Kọmputa ochie. Ọ na edekọ nchọpụta na nyocha 2005 nke usoro nke Antikythera Mechanism Research Project. Onye na eme ntụrụndụ Andy Carol wuru Lego na arụ ọrụ nke usoro Antikythera na 2010 ma gosipụta ya na obere ihe nkiri nke Small Mammal mepụtara na 2011. Na 17 Mee 2017, [[Google]] jiri Google Doodle mee emume ncheta afọ 115 nke nchọpụta ahụ. Ọwa [[YouTube]] Clickspring na edepụta ihe okike nke usoro Antikythera site na iji ngwa, usoro na ihe ndị gaara adị na Gris oge ochie, yana nyocha gbasara teknụzụ enwere ike nke oge. Ihe nkiri Indiana Jones na Dial of Destiny (2023) na egosipụta nkata gburugburu ụdị usoro akụkọ ifo (nke a na akpọkwa Archimedes' Dial, Titular Dial of Destiny). 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[https://web.archive.org/web/20151124135753/http://hackaday.com/2015/11/23/the-antikythera-mechanism/ Archived] from the original on 24 November 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. </span><span class="reference-accessdate">Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 November</span> 2015</span>.</cite> * <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles><cite class="citation conference cs1" id="CITEREFRice,_Rob_S.1997">Rice, Rob S. (4–7 September 1997). </cite><cite class="citation conference cs1" id="CITEREFRice,_Rob_S.1997">[http://ccat.sas.upenn.edu/rrice/usna_pap.html ''The Antikythera Mechanism: Physical and Intellectual Salvage from the 1st Century B.C.''] USNA Eleventh Naval History Symposium. Thessaloniki. pp.&nbsp;19–25.</cite> </div>  {{Commons category|Antikythera Mechanism}} * {{Cite web|first=Fivos|author=Asimakopoulos|url=http://www.etl.uom.gr/mr/index.php?mypage=antikythera_sim|title=3D model simulation|work=Manos Roumeliotis's Simulation and Animation of the Antikythera Mechanism page|publisher=The Antikythera Mechanism Research Project}} * {{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/user/antikythera2012|title=Videos|author=The Antikythera Mechanism Research Project|work=YouTube|accessdate=24 July 2017}} * {{Cite web|url=http://www.hpdst.gr/events/exhibitions/antikythera-mechanism|title=The Antikythera Mechanism Exhibitions|publisher=National Hellenic Research Foundation|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120423161138/http://www.hpdst.gr/events/exhibitions/antikythera-mechanism|archivedate=23 April 2012}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20240305103110/https://satadorus.eu/x_ite/yaas_2_0/yaas_2_0.html YAAS – A 3D interactive virtual reality simulator in VRML] * {{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MqhuAnySPZ0|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20231211193617/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MqhuAnySPZ0|archivedate=11 December 2023|title=Virtual Reconstruction of the Antikythera Mechanism|first=M.|author=Wright|date=25 August 2009|publisher=[[Heritage Key]]<!-- |access-date=24 July 2017 -->|accessdate=17 December 2023}} * {{Cite web|url=http://www.nature.com/nature/videoarchive/antikythera/|title=Antikythera|publisher=Nature|date=30 July 2008}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20211207021934/http://antikythera.org/links.html Metapage with links] December 2021. at antikythera.org * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230610141101/http://www.amclock.net/ Bronze replica 3D engineering manufacturing drawings and operating manual] b1fecv6uaq2rvja0udrwt26mx2eo7gr 644438 644436 2026-05-31T00:05:16Z Sylvaline39 15355 Fixed reference error 644438 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:NAMA Machine d'Anticythère 1.jpg|thumb|Usoro Antikythera]] Usoro Antikythera (/ ˌæntɪˈkɪθɪərə / AN-tih-KIH-ther-ə) bụ orrery aka [[Greece|Gris]] oge ochie (ihe atụ nke Sistemụ Anyanwụ), kọwara dị ka ihe atụ kacha ochie ama nke kọmpụta analog nke ejiri na ebu amụma ọnọdụ mbara igwe na n'ehihie. ọtụtụ iri afọ tupu. Enwere ike iji ya wee soro usoro egwuregwu egwuregwu afọ anọ yiri nke Olympiad, okirikiri egwuregwu Olympic oge ochie. Ihe arịa a so na mkpọmkpọ ebe ụgbọ mmiri kpuru n'ụsọ oké osimiri nke àgwàetiti Gris Antikythera na 1901. N'afọ 1902, ọkà mmụta ihe ochie bụ́ Valerios Stais chọpụtara na ọ nwere ngwa. Ngwaọrụ ahụ, nke edobere n'ime mkpọ nkụ nke osisi (nke a na ejighị n'aka) n'ozuzu ya ruru 34 cm × 18 cm × 9 cm (13.4 na × 7.1 na × 3.5 in), chọtara dị ka otu kpọmkpọkpọ, emesịa kewapụrụ ya n'iberibe atọ bụ isi. nke e kewara ugbu a n'iberibe iri asatọ na abụọ dị iche iche mgbe mbọ nchekwa gasịrị. Anọ n'ime iberibe ihe ndị a nwere ngwo, ebe a na ahụ ihe odide n'ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ. Ngwa kacha ibu bụ ihe dịka 13 cm (5 in) na dayameta ma nwee ezé 223 na mbụ. N'afọ 2008, otu ndị si na Mahadum Cardiff jiri kọmputa x-ray tomography na nyocha mkpebi dị elu iji see foto n'ime iberibe usoro ihe ahụ gbanyere mkpọrọgwụ wee gụọ ihe odide ndị kachasị njọ nke kpuchiri mkpuchi mpụta. Nke a na egosi na ọ nwere ngwa ọla kọpa 37 na eme ka ọ nwee ike ịgbaso mmegharị nke ọnwa na anyanwụ site na zodiac, ịkọ amụma chi jiri na iji mee ka ọnwa na adịghị agafe agafe, ebe ọnwa na agba dị elu na perigee karịa na apogee ya. . Onye na enyocha mbara igwe bụ Hipparchus nke Rhodes mụrụ ngagharị a na narị afọ nke abụọ BC, ọ pụkwara ịbụ na a tụlere ya n'iwu igwe ahụ. Enwere ntule na akụkụ nke usoro ahụ na efu ma gbakọọ ọnọdụ nke mbara ala ise oge ochie. A kọwakwuru ihe odide ndị ahụ na 2016, na ekpughe ọnụọgụgụ jikọtara ya na usoro synodic nke Venus na Saturn. Ekwenyere na ọ bụ ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị ndị Gris chebere ma rụkwaa ngwa a wee dekwa ya n'ihe dịka 87 BC, n'etiti 150 na 100 BC, ma ọ bụ 205 BC. Ọ ga abụrịrị na a rụrụ ya tupu ụgbọ mmiri ahụ emebiwo, nke ejirila ọtụtụ ahịrị ihe akaebe depụta ya ruo ihe dịka 70–60 BC. N'afọ 2022 ndị nchọpụta tụpụtara ụbọchị mbido mbụ ya, ọ bụghị ụbọchị owuwu, nwere ike ịbụ 23 Disemba 178 BC. Ndị ọkachamara ndị ọzọ na atụ aro na 204 BC dị ka ụbọchị ngbanwe karịa. Igwe ndị nwere mgbagwoju anya yiri nke ahụ apụtaghị ọzọ ruo mgbe elekere mbara igwe nke Richard nke Wallingford na narị afọ nke 14. A na edobe iberibe ihe niile a ma ama nke usoro ahụ na National Archaeological Museum, Athens, yana nrụzigharị na ihe nṅomi, iji gosi ka o siri dị ma rụọ ọrụ. == Akụkọ ihe mere eme == === Nchọpụta === [[Usòrò:DerekdeSollaPrice.jpg|thumb|Derek J. de Solla Price (1922-83) nwere ihe nlereanya nke usoro Antikythera]] Captain Dimitrios Kontos (Δημήτριος Κοντός) na ndị ọrụ ụgbọ mmiri si n'agwaetiti Symi chọtara mkpọmkpọ ebe Antikythera na mmalite 1900, wee nweta arịa n'oge njem mbụ ya na ndị agha mmiri Hellenic Royal, na 1.000. Ahụrụ mkpọmkpọ ebe nke ụgbọ mmiri ndị Rome na omimi nke mita 45 (148 ft) site na Point Glyphadia n'agwaetiti Greek nke Antikythera. Ndị otu ahụ wetara ọtụtụ nnukwu ihe, gụnyere ihe oyiyi ọla kọpa na mabụ, ite, iko pụrụ iche, ihe ịchọ mma, mkpụrụ ego na usoro. Ewepụtara usoro a na mkpọmkpọ ebe na 1901, ikekwe Julaị. A maghị ka usoro si bụrụ n'ụgbọ mmiri ibu. A bufere ihe niile ewepụtara site na mkpọmkpọ ebe ahụ na National Museum of Archaeology na Athens maka nchekwa na nyocha. Usoro ahụ yiri ka ọ bụ ùkwù ọla na osisi chara acha; Achọpụtaghị ya ruo afọ abụọ, ebe ndị ọrụ ụlọ ngosi ihe mgbe ochie na arụ ọrụ n'ịkọkọta akụ ndị ọzọ doro anya, dị ka ihe oyiyi ahụ. Mgbe e wepụsịrị ya na mmiri mmiri, a naghị agwọta usoro ahụ, na ebute mgbanwe nrụrụ. Na 17 Mee 1902, ọkà mmụta ihe ochie bụ Valerios Stais hụrụ otu n'ime iberibe nkume nwere wiil ngwo dị n'ime ya. O kweere na mbụ na ọ bụ elekere na enyocha mbara igwe, ma ọtụtụ ndị ọkà mmụta lere ngwaọrụ ahụ anya dị ka ihe na eme ka ọ dịrị ogologo oge, dịkwa mgbagwoju anya nke a na apụghị ịrụ ya n'otu oge ahụ e wuru ya n'otu oge ndị ọzọ a chọtara. German ọkà ihe ọmụma Albert Rehm nwere mmasị na ngwaọrụ; ọ bụ ya bụ onye mbụ tụrụ aro na ọ bụ ihe mgbako gbasara mbara igwe. E wepụrụ nchọpụta banyere ihe ahụ ruo mgbe onye ọkọ akụkọ ihe mere eme sayensị Britain na prọfesọ Mahadum Yale bụ Derek J. de Solla Price nwere mmasị na 1951. N'afọ 1971, Price na ọkà mmụta sayensị nuklia Gris Charalampos Karakalos mere X-ray na gamma-ray ihe oyiyi nke iberibe 82. Price bipụtara akwụkwọ na nchoputa ha na 1974. Nchọ abụọ ọzọ maka ihe dị na saịtị mbibi Antikythera na 2012 na 2015 wepụtara ihe nka na ụgbọ mmiri nke abụọ nwere ike, ma ọ bụ enweghị ike jikọọ na ụgbọ mmiri akụ nke a chọtara usoro ahụ. A chọtakwara diski ọla kọpa, nke e ji ihe oyiyi ehi chọọ ya mma. Diski ahụ nwere "ntị" anọ nke nwere oghere n'ime ha, e wee chee na ọ nwere ike ịbụ akụkụ nke usoro Antikythera, dịka "wheel cog". O yiri ka enwere ntakịrị ihe akaebe na ọ bụ akụkụ nke usoro ahụ; o yikarịrị ka diski ahụ bụ ihe ịchọ mma ọla n'elu otu ngwá ụlọ. === Mmalite === A na akpọkarị usoro Antikythera dị ka kọmpụta analog nke mbụ amaara. Ịdị mma na mgbagwoju anya nke nrụpụta usoro ahụ na egosi na ọ ga abụrịrị na ọ nwere ndị bu ya ụzọ achọpụtaghị n'oge oge ndị Grik. Ihe owuwu ya dabere na echiche nke mbara igwe na mgbakọ na mwepụ nke ndị na enyocha mbara igwe Gris mepụtara na narị afọ nke abụọ BC, a na echekwa na e wuru ya na njedebe narị afọ nke abụọ BC ma ọ bụ mmalite narị afọ mbụ BC. N'afọ 2008, nyocha nke Antikythera Mechanism Research Project tụrụ aro na echiche maka usoro ahụ nwere ike ịbụ na ọ malitere na mpaghara Kọrịnt, ebe ọ bụ na ha chọpụtara kalenda dị na Metonic Spiral ka ọ si Kọrịnt, ma ọ bụ otu n'ime ógbè ya dị na ugwu ọdịda anyanwụ Gris ma ọ bụ Sicily. Syracuse bụ ógbè Kọrịnt na ebe obibi Archimedes, na Antikythera Mechanism Research Project rụrụ ụka na 2008 na ọ nwere ike ịpụta njikọ na ụlọ akwụkwọ Archimedes. E gosipụtara na 2017 na kalenda na Metonic Spiral bụ nke ndị Kọrịnt, mana enweghị ike ịbụ nke Syracuse. Ozizi ọzọ na egosi na mkpụrụ ego Jacques Cousteau chọtara na ebe ahụ mebiri emebi n'afọ ndị 1970 bụ oge arụrụ ngwaọrụ ahụ, ma kwupụta na o nwere ike ịbụ na o sitere na obodo Gris oge ochie bụ́ Pagamọn, ebe obibi nke Ọ́bá Akwụkwọ Pagamọm. Site n'ọtụtụ akwụkwọ mpịakọta nke nkà na sayensị, ọ bụ nke abụọ dị mkpa naanị n'ọbá akwụkwọ Alexandria n'oge oge ndị Gris. Ụgbọ mmiri bu ngwá ọrụ ahụ nwere vases n'ụdị Rhodia, na eduga n'echiche bụ́ na e wuru ya n'ụlọ akwụkwọ mmuta nke ọkà ihe ọmụma Stoic bụ́ Posidonius tọrọ n'agwaetiti Gris ahụ. Rhodes bụ ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri na ekwo ekwo na ebe etiti nke mbara igwe na injinia igwe, ebe obibi nke onye na enyocha mbara igwe Hipparchus, onye na arụ ọrụ site n'ihe dịka 140-120 BC. Usoro ahụ na eji echiche Hipparchus maka ngagharị nke ọnwa, nke na egosi na o nwere ike mebere ya ma ọ bụ opekata mpe rụọ ọrụ na ya. A na arụ ụka na ihe omume mbara igwe na Parapegma nke usoro na arụ ọrụ kacha mma maka latitudes na nso nke 33.3-37.0 degrees n'ebe ugwu; Agwaetiti Rhodes dị n'etiti latitudes nke 35.85 na 36.50 degrees n'ebe ugwu. Na 2014, otu ọmụmụ rụrụ ụka maka mkpakọrịta ọhụrụ nke ihe dị ka 200 BC, dabere na ịchọpụta ụbọchị mmalite na Saros Dial, dị ka ọnwa ọnwa nke mbara igwe nke malitere obere oge ka ọnwa ọhụrụ nke 28 Eprel 205 BC gasịrị. Dị ka echiche a si dị, ụdị amụma amụma gbasara mgbakọ na mwepụ nke Babilọn dabara nke ọma n'ụdị amụma ngwaọrụ karịa ụdị trigonometric Greek ọdịnala. Nnyocha nke Iversen mere na 2017 kpatara na prototype maka ngwaọrụ ahụ sitere na Rhodes, mana na a gbanwere ihe nlereanya a maka onye ahịa si Epirus na ugwu ọdịda anyanwụ Gris; Iversen na arụ ụka na ọ ga abụ na e wuru ya n'oge na adịbeghị anya karịa ọgbọ tupu ụgbọ mmiri ahụ emebi, ụbọchị Jones kwadoro na 2017. Emere mmiri mmiri ndị ọzọ na 2014 na 2015, n'olileanya nke ịchọpụta ọtụtụ usoro. Mmemme nyocha afọ ise malitere na 2014 wee kwụsị na Ọktoba 2019, yana nnọkọ afọ ise ọhụrụ malite na Mee 2020. N'afọ 2022 ndị nchọpụta tụpụtara ụbọchị mbido usoro a, ọ bụghị ụbọchị owuwu, nwere ike ịbụ 23 Disemba 178 BC. Ndị ọkachamara ndị ọzọ na atụ aro na 204 BC dị ka ụbọchị ngbanwe karịa. Machines ndị yiri mgbagwoju anya apụtabeghị ọzọ ruo mgbe elekere mbara igwe nke Richard nke Wallingford na Giovanni de' Dondi na narị afọ nke iri na anọ. == Nhazi == O doro anya na usoro mbụ ahụ si n'Oké Osimiri Mediterenian pụta dị ka otu mpempe akwụkwọ. N'oge na adịghị anya, ọ gbawara n'ime isi atọ. Iberibe ndị ọzọ emebiela n'ime oge site na nhicha na njikwa, na ndị njem Cousteau chọtara ndị ọzọ n'elu oke osimiri. Iberibe ndị ọzọ ka nwere ike ịnọ na nchekwa, achọpụtaghị kemgbe mgbake mbụ ha; Achọpụtara iberibe F n'ụzọ ahụ n'afọ 2005. N'ime iberibe iri asatọ na abụọ ahụ a ma ama, asaa dị mkpa n'usoro ma nwee ọtụtụ n'ime usoro na ihe odide. Akụkụ 16 ndị ọzọ dị nta nwere ihe odide ndị pere mpe na ezughị oke. {| class="wikitable" |+Major fragments !Fragment !Size [mm] !Weight [g] !Gears !Inscriptions !Notes |- align="center" |A |180&nbsp;×&nbsp;150 |369.1 |27 |Yes | style="text-align:left" |The main fragment contains the majority of the known mechanism. Clearly visible on the front is the large b1 gear, and under closer inspection further gears behind it (parts of the l, m, c, and d trains are visible as gears to the naked eye). The crank mechanism socket and the side-mounted gear that meshes with b1 is on ''Fragment A''. The back of the fragment contains the rearmost e and k gears for synthesis of the moon anomaly, noticeable also is the pin and slot mechanism of the k train. It is noticed from detailed scans of the fragment that all gears are very closely packed and have sustained damage and displacement due to their years in the sea. The fragment is approximately 30&nbsp;mm thick at its thickest point. Fragment A also contains divisions of the upper left quarter of the Saros spiral and 14 inscriptions from said spiral. The fragment also contains inscriptions for the exeligmos dial and visible on the back surface the remnants of the dial face. Finally, this fragment contains some back door inscriptions. |- align="center" |B |125&nbsp;×&nbsp;60 |99.4 |1 |Yes | style="text-align:left" |Contains approximately the bottom right third of the Metonic spiral and inscriptions of both the spiral and back door of the mechanism. The Metonic scale would have consisted of 235 cells of which 49 have been deciphered from fragment B either in whole or partially. The rest so far are assumed from knowledge of the [[Okirikiri Metonic|Metonic cycle]]. This fragment also contains a single gear (o1) used in the Olympic train. |- align="center" |C |120&nbsp;×&nbsp;110 |63.8 |1 |Yes | style="text-align:left" |Contains parts of the upper right of the front dial face showing calendar and zodiac inscriptions. This fragment also contains the Moon indicator dial assembly including the Moon phase sphere in its housing and a single bevel gear (ma1) used in the Moon phase indication system. |- align="center" |D |45&nbsp;×&nbsp;35 |15.0 |1 | | style="text-align:left" |Contains at least one unknown gear; according to Michael T. Wright it contains possibly two, and according to Xenophon Moussas it contains one gear (numbered 45 "ME") inside a hollow gear giving the position of Jupiter reproducing it with epicyclic motion. Their purpose and position has not been ascertained to any accuracy or consensus, but lends to the debate for the possible planet displays on the face of the mechanism. |- align="center" |E |60&nbsp;×&nbsp;35 |22.1 | |Yes | style="text-align:left" |Found in 1976 and contains six inscriptions from the upper right of the Saros spiral. |- align="center" |F |90&nbsp;×&nbsp;80 |86.2 | |Yes | style="text-align:left" |Found in 2005 and contains 16 inscriptions from the lower right of the Saros spiral. It also contains remnants of the mechanism's wooden housing. |- align="center" |G |125&nbsp;×&nbsp;110 |31.7 | |Yes | style="text-align:left" |A combination of fragments taken from fragment C while cleaning. |} Ọtụtụ n’ime iberibe ihe ndị a chọtara enweghị ihe ọ bụla bara uru, ma ole na ole nwere ihe odide na ha. Iberibe 19 nwere ihe odide azụ azụ gụnyere otu ọgụgụ "... 76 afọ ..." nke na ezo aka na okirikiri Callipic. Ihe odide ndị ọzọ yiri ka ọ na akọwa ọrụ nke ọkpụkpọ azụ. Na mgbakwunye na obere iberibe a dị mkpa, obere iberibe iri na ise nwere ihe fọdụrụ n'ihe odide n'elu ha: 7. == Mechanics == A kọwapụtara ozi gbasara data a kapịrị ọnụ nke enwetara site na mpekere ndị ahụ na mgbakwunye na akụkọ 2006 Nature sitere na Freeth et al. === Ọrụ === N'ihu ihu nke usoro ahụ, enwere ọkpụkpọ mgbanaka edobere na anọchi anya eklips, akara zodiacal iri na abụọ nwere ngalaba nha nha 30. Nke a kwekọrọ n'omenala ndị Babịlọn bụ́ inye otu ụzọ n'ụzọ iri na abụọ nke eklips n'aka akara zodiac nke ọ bụla n'otu aka ahụ, n'agbanyeghị na ókèala kpakpando na agbanwe agbanwe. N'èzí ọkpụkpọ ahụ bụ mgbanaka ọzọ nke na agbanwe agbanwe, nke edobere ọnwa na ụbọchị nke kalenda Sothic Egypt, ọnwa iri na abụọ nke ụbọchị 30 gbakwunyere ụbọchị ise. E ji aha ndị Ijipt akara ọnwa ndị ahụ maka ọnwa ndị e degharịrị n'asụsụ Grik. Ọrụ mbụ bụ ịtụgharị mgbanaka kalenda Ijipt ka ọ dabara na akara zodiac dị ugbu a. Kalenda ndị Ijipt leghaara ụbọchị ịwụli elu anya, ya mere ọ gara n'ihu na akara zodiac n'ihe dị ka afọ 120. A na arụ usoro ahụ site n'ịtụgharị obere crank aka (ugbu a furu efu) nke ejikọtara site na okpueze okpueze na ngwa kachasị ukwuu, ngwa ahụ nwere ọnụ anọ na ahụ n'ihu nke iberibe A, gear b1. Nke a kpaliri akara ụbọchị dị na ọkpụkpọ ihu, nke a ga edobe na ụbọchị kalenda ndị Ijipt ziri ezi. A naghị ahọpụta afọ ahụ, n'ihi ya, ọ dị mkpa ịmara afọ edobere ugbu a, ma ọ bụ site n'ịlele usoro okirikiri nke usoro okirikiri kalenda dị iche iche gosipụtara n'azụ na tebụl ephemeris nke Babilọn maka ụbọchị nke afọ edobere ugbu a, ebe ọ bụ na ọtụtụ n'ime ha. okirikiri kalenda anaghị emekọrịta n'afọ. crank ahụ na emegharị akara ụbọchị ihe dị ka ụbọchị 78 kwa ntụgharị zuru oke, yabụ ịkụtu otu ụbọchị na ọkpụkpọ ahụ ga adị mfe ma ọ bụrụ na usoro ahụ dị mma na arụ ọrụ. Omume nke ịtụgharị crank aka ga emekwa ka ihe niile jikọtara ọnụ n'ime usoro ahụ na atụgharị, na-ebute ngụkọ oge nke ọnọdụ nke anyanwụ na ọnwa, usoro ọnwa, n'ehihie, na kalenda, na ikekwe ọnọdụ nke mbara ala. Onye na arụ ọrụ ahụ kwesịkwara ịma maka ọnọdụ nke ihe nrịbama ọkpụkpọ spiral na nnukwu ọkpụkpọ abụọ dị n'azụ. Ihe nrịbama ahụ nwere “onye na eso ụzọ” nke na enyocha ebe mgbaba dị na igwe ahụ ka ọkpụkpọ ahụ gbakwunyere ntụgharị anọ na ise zuru oke nke ntụnye ahụ. Mgbe ihe nrịbama ruru ebe ọnwa njedebe dị na ngwụcha nke ọ bụla nke okirikiri ahụ, a ga eji aka bugharịa onye na eso ụzọ ahụ gaa n'akụkụ nke ọzọ nke okirikiri tupu ọ gawa n'ihu.: 10 === Ihu === ==== Ihu ihu ==== Ọkpọ oku n'ihu nwere akpịrịkpa okirikiri concentric abụọ. Ọnụ ọgụgụ dị n'ime na egosi akara ndị Gris nke zodiac, na nkewa na ogo. Ọnụ ọgụgụ dị n'elu, nke bụ mgbanaka na agagharị agagharị nke na anọdụ ala na elu ma na agba ọsọ na ọwa, na eji ihe dị ka ụbọchị ma nwee usoro nke oghere kwekọrọ n'okpuru mgbanaka na ọwa. Kemgbe achọpụtara usoro a, mgbanaka mpụta a bụ nke a na eche na ọ na anọchi anya kalenda Egypt ụbọchị 365, mana nyocha na nso nso a na ama aka n'echiche a ma na enye ihe akaebe na ọ ga abụ na e kewara ya na nkeji 354. Ọ bụrụ na mmadụ debanyere aha n'echiche nke ụbọchị 365, a na amata na usoro ahụ bu ụzọ tupu mgbanwe kalenda Julian, mana usoro Sothic na Callipic egosilarị afọ ụbọchị anyanwụ, dị ka a hụrụ na mgbanwe kalenda Ptolemy III nwara n'afọ 238 BC. Ekwenyeghị na ọkpụkpọ oku ahụ na egosipụta ụbọchị ịwụli elu ọ tụrụ aro (Epag. 6), mana enwere ike ịmegharị ọkpụkpọ kalenda mpụta megide ọkpụkpọ dị n'ime iji kwụọ ụgwọ maka nsonaazụ ụbọchị nkeji iri na ise n'afọ nke anyanwụ site n'ịtụgharị ọnụ ọgụgụ azụ azụ. ụbọchị kwa afọ anọ. Ọ bụrụ na mmadụ edebanye aha na akaebe ụbọchị 354, nkọwa nwere ike ịbụ na mgbanaka ahụ bụ ngosipụta nke kalenda ọnwa 354. Nyere oge nke usoro a na eche na owuwu na ọnụnọ nke aha ọnwa ndị Egypt, ọ nwere ike ịbụ ihe atụ mbụ nke kalenda ọnwa ndị Ijipt nke Richard Anthony Parker tụpụtara na 1950. Nzube kalenda nke ọnwa bụ ije ozi dị ka ụbọchị-iji. -ihe ngosi ụbọchị nke oge anwụ na aga n'ihu, ọ gaara enyekwara aka n'ịkọwa ihe nrịbama nkeji oge ọnwa, yana ọkpụkpọ Metonic na Saros. Ngwa ngwa achọpụtaghị, na emekọrịta ihe na ihe ndị ọzọ nke Metonic gearing nke usoro ahụ, pụtara ịkwọpụta ntụnye n'akụkụ ọnụ ọgụgụ a. Ntugharị na ndebanye aha nke mgbanaka metụtara oghere ndị dị n'okpuru bụ iji kwado ma mgbazi okirikiri Callipic nke afọ 1 na 76, yana njikọta nke lunisolar dabara adaba. Ọkpọ oku na akakwa akara ọnọdụ Sun na eklips, dabara na ụbọchị dị ugbu a n'afọ. Okirikiri nke nwanyị na mbara ala ise ndị Gris mara dị nso na eklips iji mee ka ọ bụrụ ntụaka dabara adaba maka onyonyo ha. Edere ọnwa atọ ndị Ijipt na eso ya n'akwụkwọ ozi Grik n'elu mgbanaka dị n'èzí: [57] * E wughachiri ọnwa ndị ọzọ; ụfọdụ reconstructions nke usoro hapụ ụbọchị ise nke Egypt intercalary ọnwa. Ọkpọ oku zodiac nwere ihe odide Greek nke ndị otu zodiac, nke ekwenyere na ọ ga adaba na ụdị ọnwa okpomọkụ kama ịbụ sidereal :: 8 [[Usòrò:Antikythera_model_front_panel_Mogi_Vicentini_2007.JPG|thumb|N'ihu panel nke a 2007 re mere]] * ΚΡΙΟΣ (Krios [Ram], Aries) * ΤΑΥΡΟΣ (Tauros [Bull], Taurus) * ΔΙΔΥΜΟΙ (Didymoi [Twins], Gemini) * ΚΑΡΚΙΝΟΣ (Karkinos [Crab], Cancer) * ΛΕΩΝ (Leon [Lion], Leo) * ΠΑΡΘΕΝΟΣ (Parthenos [Maiden], Virgo) * ΧΗΛΑΙ (Chelai [Scorpio's Claw or Zygos], Libra) * ΣΚΟΡΠΙΟΣ (Skorpios [Scorpion], Scorpio) * ΤΟΞΟΤΗΣ (Toxotes [Archer], Sagittarius) * ΑΙΓΟΚΕΡΩΣ (Aigokeros [Goat-horned], Capricorn) * ΥΔΡΟΧΟΟΣ (Hydrokhoos [Water carrier], Aquarius) * ΙΧΘΥΕΣ (Ichthyes [Fish], Pisces) Ọzọkwa na ọkpụkpọ zodiac bụ otu mkpụrụedemede na isi ihe (lee nrụgharị na ref). Akpọrọ ha na parapegma, ihe mmalite nke almanac nke oge a nke edere n'ihu ihu n'elu na n'okpuru ọpịpị. Ha na aka akara ebe ogologo oge dị na eklips maka kpakpando ụfọdụ. Parapegma dị n'elu ọpịpị a a-agụ ( braket square a-egosi ederede atụnyere): {| class="wikitable" |Α |ΑΙΓΟΚΕΡΩΣ ΑΡΧΕΤΑΙΑΝΑΤΕΛΛΕΙΝ [...] Α |[[Capricornus|Capricorn]] begins to rise | rowspan="11" style="background:white;" |  |Ι |ΚΡΙΟΣ ΑΡΧΕΤΑΙ ΕΠΙΤΕΛΛΕΙΝ<br /><br />[...] Α |Aries begins to rise |- | |ΤΡΟΠΑΙ ΧΕΙΜΕΡΙΝΑΙ [...] Α |Winter solstice | |ΙΣΗΜΕΡΙΑ ΕΑΡΙΝΗ [...] Α |Vernal equinox |- |Β |[...] ΕΙ ΕΣΠΕΡΙ |... evening |Κ |[...] ΕΣΠΕΡΙΑ [...] ΙΑ |... evening |- |Γ |[...] ΙΕΣΠΕΡΙ |... evening |Λ |ΥΑΔΕΣ ΔΥΝΟΥΣΙΝ<br /><br />ΕΣΠΕΡΙΑΙ [...] ΚΑ |The Hyades set in the evening |- |Δ |[...] ΥΔΡΟΧΟΟΣ ΑΡΧΕΤΑΙ<br /><br />ΕΠΙΤΕΛΛΕΙΝΑ |Aquarius begins to rise |Μ |ΤΑΥΡΟΣ ΑΡΧΕΤΑΙ<br /><br />Ε{Π}ΙΤΕΛΛΕΙΝΑ |[[Taurus (ìgwè kpakpando)|Taurus]] begins to rise |- |Ε |[...] ΕΣΠΕΡΙΟΣ [...] Ι{Ο} |... evening |Ν |ΛΥΡΑ ΕΠΙΤΕΛΛΕΙ<br /><br />ΕΣΠΕΡΙΛ [...] Δ |[[Lyra]] rises in the evening |- |Ζ |[...] ΡΙΑΙ [...] Κ |... {evening} |Ξ |ΠΛΕΙΑΣ ΕΠΙΤΕΛΛΕΙ<br /><br />ΕΩΙΑ [...] Ι |The Pleiades rise in the morning |- |Η |ΙΧΘΥΕΣ ΑΡΧΟΝΤΑΙ<br /><br />ΕΠΙΤΕΛΛΕΙΝ [...] Α |[[Azụ (ìgwè kpakpando)|Pisces]] begins to rise |Ο |ΥΑΣ ΕΠΙΤΕΛΛΕΙ ΕΩΙΑ [...] Δ |The Hyades rise in the morning |- |Θ |[...] {Ι}Α | |Π |ΔΙΔΥΜΟΙ ΑΡΧΟΝΤΑ<br /><br />ΕΠΙΤΕΛΛΕΙΝ [...] Α |Gemini begins to rise |- | colspan="3;" rowspan="2;" style="background:white;" |  |Ρ |ΑΕΤΟΣ ΕΠΙΤΕΛΛΕΙ ΕΣΠΕΡΙΟΣ |Altair rises in the evening |- |Σ |ΑΡΚΤΟΥΡΟΣ ΔΥΝΕΙ Ε{Ω}{Ι}ΟΣ |Arcturus sets in the morning |} Parapegma dị n'okpuru ọkpụkpọ na agụ: {| class="wikitable" |Α |ΧΗΛΑΙ ΑΡΧΟΝΤΑ<br /><br />ΕΠΙΤΕΛΛΕΙΝ [...] Α |[[Libra (ìgwè kpakpando)|Libra]] begins to rise | rowspan="12" style="background:white;" |  |Μ |ΚΑΡΚΙΝΟΣ ΑΡΧΕΤΑΙ<br /><br />[...] Α |Cancer begins {to rise} |- | |{Ι}ΣΗΜΕΡΙΑ ΦΘΙΝΟΠΩΡΙΝΗ<br /><br />[...] Α |Autumnal equinox | |ΤΡΟΠΑΙ ΘΕΡΙΝΑΙ [...] Α |Summer solstice |- |Β |[...] ΑΝΑΤΕΛΛΟΥΣΙΝ<br /><br />ΕΣΠΕΡΙΟΙΙΑ |... rise in the evening |Ν |ΩΡΙΩΝ ΑΝΤΕΛΛΕΙ ΕΩΙΟΣ |Orion precedes the morning |- |Γ |[...] ΑΝΑΤΕΛΛΕΙ ΕΣΠΕΡΙΑΙΔ |... rise in the evening |Ξ |{Κ}ΥΩΝ ΑΝΤΕΛΛΕΙ ΕΩΙΟΣ |Canis Major precedes the morning |- |Δ |[...] ΤΕΛΛΕΙΙ{Ο} |... rise |Ο |ΑΕΤΟΣ ΔΥΝΕΙ ΕΩΙΟΣ |Altair sets in the morning |- |Ε |ΣΚΟΡΠΙΟΣ ΑΡΧΕΤΑΙ<br /><br />ΑΝΑΤΕΛΛΕΙΝΑ |Scorpio begins to rise |Π |ΛΕΩΝ ΑΡΧΕΤΑΙ<br /><br />ΕΠΙΤΕΛΛΕΙΝ [...] Α |Leo begins to rise |- |Ζ |[...] | |Ρ |[...] | |- |Η |[...] | |Σ |[...] | |- |Θ |[...] | |Τ |[...] | |- |Ι |ΤΟΞΟΤΗΣ ΑΡΧΕΤΑΙ<br /><br />ΕΠΙΤΕΛΛΕΙΝ [...] Α |[[Sagittarius (ìgwè kpakpando)|Sagittarius]] begins to rise |Υ |[...] | |- |Κ |[...] | |Φ |[...] | |- |Λ |[...] | |Χ |[...] | |} Opekempe, ntụnye aka abụọ gosipụtara ọnọdụ ozu n'elu eklips. Ihe nrịbama ọnwa na egosi ọnọdụ ọnwa, na egosipụtara ihe nrịbama anyanwụ pụtara, ikekwe na agbakọ okpukpu abụọ dị ka akara ụbọchị dị ugbu a. Ọnọdụ ọnwa abụghị ihe ngosi ọnwa dị mfe nke ga egosi mmegharị n'otu n'otu gburugburu okirikiri okirikiri; kama, ọ gbasara osooso na mbelata nke ọnwa elliptical orbit, site na mbido izizi nke ihe eji eme ihe. Ọ chọpụtakwara ụzọ nke ọnwa elliptical orbit na gburugburu eklips n'ime okirikiri afọ 8.88. Ọnọdụ Sun bụ, site na nkọwa, ụbọchị dị ugbu a. A na eche na ebe ọ bụ na etinyere nnukwu mgbalị iji hụ na ọnọdụ ọnwa ziri ezi,: 20, 24  ọ ga abụkwa na enwekwara ihe nrịbama "ezi anyanwụ" na mgbakwunye na ihe ngosi Sun, iji soro elliptical anomaly nke. Sun (okirikiri Ụwa gburugburu Sun), ma ọ dịghị ihe àmà nke ya n'etiti iberibe achọtara. N'otu aka ahụ, ọ dịghịkwa ihe akaebe nke ihe nrịbama nke mbara ala maka mbara ala ise ndị Gris maara n'etiti iberibe. Mana lee atụmatụ gia echere n'okpuru. Injinia injinia Michael Wright gosipụtara na enwere usoro iji weta usoro ọnwa na mgbakwunye na ọnọdụ ahụ. Ihe ngosi bụ obere bọọlụ agbakwunyere na akara ọnwa, ọkara na acha ọcha na ọkara oji, nke na atụgharị iji gosi oge (ọhụrụ, nkeji mbụ, ọkara, nkeji nke atọ, zuru ezu na azụ). A na enweta data iji kwado ọrụ a nyere Sun na Ọnwa ọnọdụ dịka ntụgharị akụkụ akụkụ; N'ezie, ọ bụ akụkụ dị n'etiti abụọ ahụ, sụgharịa n'ime ntụgharị nke bọọlụ ahụ. Ọ na achọ ngwa dị iche, nhazi nhazi nke na agbakọta ma ọ bụ na ekewa ntinye akụkụ abụọ. ==== Ihu azụ ==== Na 2008, ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị kọrọ nchoputa ọhụrụ na Nature na egosi usoro ọ bụghị nanị na esochi kalenda Metonic na amụma chi jiri n'ehihie, kamakwa gbakọọ oge egwuregwu egwuregwu panhellenic, dị ka egwuregwu Olympic oge ochie. Ihe odide ndị dị na ngwá ọrụ ahụ kwekọrọ na aha ọnwa ndị e ji mee ihe na kalenda sitere na Epirus nke dị n'ebe ugwu ọdịda anyanwụ Gris nakwa n'àgwàetiti Corfu, bụ́ nke a na akpọ Corcyra n'oge ochie. N'azụ usoro ahụ, enwere ọkpụkpọ ise: nnukwu ngosi abụọ ahụ, Metonic na Saros, na ihe ngosi atọ dị nta, nke a na akpọ Olympiad Dial, nke akpọgharịrị aha ọkpụkpọ egwuregwu dịka ọ naghị eso Olympiad afọ (afọ). okirikiri afọ anọ ọ na akpachi anya bụ Halieiad), Callipic, na exeligmos.: 11 Ọkpọ oku metonic bụ isi ọkpụkpọ dị n'azụ nke usoro ahụ. Usoro Metonic, nke akọwapụtara n'ọtụtụ akụkụ anụ ahụ, bụ ọnwa synodic 235, nke dị nso (n'ime ihe na erughị 13 otu nde) ruo afọ 19 okpomọkụ. Ya mere ọ bụ oge dị mma maka ịtụgharị n'etiti kalenda ọnwa na anyanwụ. Ọkpọ oku Metonic na ekpuchi ọnwa 235 n'ime ngbanwe ise nke ọkpụkpọ ahụ, na eso usoro okirikiri ya na onye na eso ụzọ na pointer nke na edobe oyi akwa nke gburugburu. Ntuziaka ahụ na arụtụ aka na ọnwa synodic, nke a na agụ site na ọnwa ọhụrụ ruo ọnwa ọhụrụ, na cell nwere aha ọnwa ndị Kọrịnt. # Ya mere, ịtọ oge anyanwụ ziri ezi (na ụbọchị) n'ihu panel na egosi ọnwa nke ọnwa dị ugbu a na azụ panel, na mkpebi n'ime otu izu ma ọ bụ karịa. Dabere n'eziokwu na aha ọnwa kalenda kwekọrọ na ihe akaebe niile nke kalenda Epirote yana na ọkpụkpọ egwuregwu na ekwu maka obere egwuregwu Naa nke Dodona (na Epirus), a na arụ ụka na kalenda na usoro ahụ nwere ike. bụrụ kalenda Epirote, na na eleghi anya ka ewepụtara kalenda nke a site na mpaghara ndị Kọrịnt na Epirus, ikekwe Ambracia. A na arụ ụka na ọnwa mbụ nke kalenda, Phoinikaios, bụ ọnwa nke oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ dara, na ụbọchị mmalite nke kalenda malitere obere oge ka ọnwa ọhụrụ nke mbara igwe nke 23 August 205 BC gasịrị. Ọkpọ oku egwuregwu bụ ọkpụkpọ oku sekọndịrị ziri ezi; ọ bụ naanị ihe nrịbama na ngwá ọrụ na aga n'ihu elekere elekere ka oge na aga. A na ekewa ọkpụkpọ ọkpụkpọ ahụ na mpaghara anọ, nke ọ bụla n'ime ha ka edere ya na ihe ngosi afọ na aha egwuregwu Panhellenic abụọ: egwuregwu "okpueze" nke Isthmia, Olympia, Nemea, na Pythia; na egwuregwu abụọ dị obere: Naa (nke a na eme na Dodona) na Halieia nke Rhodes. Ihe odide nke ọ bụla n'ime ngalaba anọ ahụ bụ: {| class="wikitable" |+Olympic dial !Year of the cycle !Inside the dial inscription !Outside the dial inscription |- !1 |LΑ |ΙΣΘΜΙΑ (Isthmia)<br /><br />ΟΛΥΜΠΙΑ (Olympia) |- !2 |LΒ |ΝΕΜΕΑ (Nemea)<br /><br />NAA (Naa) |- !3 |LΓ |ΙΣΘΜΙΑ (Isthmia) <br /><br />ΠΥΘΙΑ (Pythia) |- !4 |LΔ |ΝΕΜΕΑ (Nemea)<br /><br />ΑΛΙΕΙΑ (Halieia) |} Ọkpọ oku Saros bụ isi ọkpụkpọ okirikiri dị ala n'azụ nke usoro ahụ.: 4–5, 10  okirikiri Saros dị afọ 18 na ụbọchị ogologo (6585.333 ... ụbọchị), nke dị nso na ọnwa synodic 223 (6585.3211 ụbọchị). ). A kọwapụtara ya dị ka okirikiri nke ikwugharị ọnọdụ ndị a chọrọ iji mee ka chi jiri n’ehihie na nke ọnwa, ya mere, a pụrụ iji ya buru amụma ha—ọ bụghị nanị ọnwa, kama ụbọchị na oge nke ụbọchị. okirikiri ahụ dị ihe dịka awa 8 n'ogologo karịa ọnụọgụ ọnụọgụ ụbọchị. N'ịbụ nke a sụgharịa n'ọkpụkpụ zuru ụwa ọnụ, nke ahụ pụtara n'ehihie na apụta ọ bụghị nanị awa asatọ ka e mesịrị, ma otu ụzọ n'ụzọ atọ nke ntụgharị gawa n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ. Glyphs dị na 51 n'ime sel ọnwa synodic 223 nke ọkpụkpọ na akọwapụta ihe omume nke ọnwa 38 na 27 anyanwụ chi jiri. Ụfọdụ nbibiri okwu ndị dị na glyphs gụrụ: * Glyphs na egosi ma chi jiri n'ehihie ọ bụ anyanwụ ma ọ bụ ọnwa, ma nye ụbọchị nke ọnwa na elekere. Enwere ike ghara ịhụ chi jiri n'ehihie n'oge ọ bụla, a na ahụkwa chi jiri n'ọnwa naanị ma ọ bụrụ na ọnwa dị n'elu mbara igwe n'oge awa a kara aka.: 6  Tụkwasị na nke ahụ, ahịrị ndị dị n'ime na ebe kadinal nke ọkpụkpọ Saros na egosi mmalite nke a. okirikiri ọnwa zuru oke. Dabere na nkesa nke oge chi jiri n'ehihie, a na-arụ ụka na ụbọchị mmalite nke ọkpụkpọ Saros bụ obere oge ka ọnwa ọhụrụ nke mbara igwe gasịrị nke 28 Eprel 205 BC. Ọkpọ oku Exeligmos bụ ọkpụkpọ ala nke abụọ na azụ nke sistemụ. okirikiri exeligmos bụ okirikiri Saros dị afọ 54 nke dị ụbọchị 19,756 ogologo. Ebe ọ bụ na ogologo nke Saros okirikiri bụ otu ụzọ n'ụzọ atọ nke otu ụbọchị (ya bụ, 6,585 ụbọchị gbakwunyere 8 awa), a full exeligmos okirikiri laghachi agụta na ihe integral nọmba nke ụbọchị, dị ka e gosipụtara na e dere. Akara akara na ngalaba atọ ya bụ:: 10 Ya mere, ihe nrịbama ọkpụkpọ na egosi awa ole a ga agbakwunyere na oge glyph nke ọkpụkpọ Saros iji gbakọọ oge n'ehihie n'ehihie. [Ihe ndekọ achọrọ] === Ọnụ ụzọ === [[Usòrò:Manual2021-X_MOUSSAS_SAROS.jpg|thumb|ΣΚΓ, na egosi okirikiri Saros nke ọnwa 223]] Usoro ahụ nwere ihe mkpuchi osisi nwere ihu na azụ, ma nwere ihe odide. Ọnụ ụzọ azụ dị ka ọ bụ 'akwụkwọ ntuziaka'. N'otu n'ime iberibe ya ka edere "afọ 76, afọ 19" na anọchite anya okirikiri Callipic na Metonic. Edekwara ya bụ "223" maka okirikiri Saros. N'otu akụkụ ya ọzọ, edere ya "na mpaghara gburugburu 235" na ezo aka na ọkpụkpọ Metonic. === Ịkwado === Usoro a dị ịrịba ama maka ọkwa nke miniaturization na mgbagwoju anya nke akụkụ ya, bụ nke a na atụnyere nke elekere mbara igwe nke narị afọ nke 14. O nwere opekata mpe 30, ọ bụ ezie na ọkachamara n'ịrụ ọrụ Michael Wright tụrụ aro na ndị Gris nke oge a nwere ike itinye usoro nwere ọtụtụ ngwa ngwa. Enwere arụmụka maka ma usoro ahụ nwere ihe ngosi maka mbara ala ise niile mara ndị Gris oge ochie. Ọ nweghị ihe eji eme ihe ngosi mbara ala dị otú ahụ na adị ndụ ma a na agụta ngwa ngwa niile - ewezuga otu gia nwere ezé 63 (r1) ma ọ bụghị nke a na enwetaghị na iberibe D. Iberibe D bụ obere mkpọda okirikiri nke, dị ka Xenophon Moussas si kwuo, nwere ngwa n'ime ngwa oghere dị ntakịrị. Ngwa dị n'ime na agagharị n'ime gia dị n'èzí na emepụtagharị mmegharị nke epicyclical nke, jiri ihe nrịbama na enye ọnọdụ nke mbara ala Jupiter. A na agụ ngwa ime ime ya 45, “ME” n’asụsụ Grik, e dekwara otu nọmba ahụ n’elu elu abụọ nke obere igbe cylindrical a. Ebumnobi nke ihu ihu bụ idobe ahụ nke mbara igwe n'ihe gbasara mbara igwe n'akụkụ eklips, n'ihe gbasara ọnọdụ onye na ekiri ya n'ụwa. Nke ahụ adịghị mkpa na ajụjụ ma a na agbakọ ọnọdụ ahụ site na iji heliocentric ma ọ bụ geocentric ele nke Sistemụ Anyanwụ; ma usoro mgbakọ na mwepụ kwesịrị, ma mee, mee ka otu ọnọdụ ahụ pụta (na eleghara elliptical anya), n'ime ihe ndị na ezighị ezi nke usoro ahụ. The epicyclic anyanwụ usoro nke Ptolemy (c. 100 AD–c. 170 AD)—narị afọ mgbe o doro anya na ewu ụbọchị nke usoro — na-aga n'ihu na ọtụtụ epicycles, na bụ ihe ziri ezi ịkọ ọnọdụ nke mbara ala karịa echiche nke Copernicus. (1473–1543), ruo mgbe Kepler (1571–1630) webatara ohere na orbits bụ ellipses. Evans et al. na atụ aro na iji gosipụta ọnọdụ nke mbara ala ise oge gboo ga achọ naanị gia 17 ọzọ enwere ike idowe ya n'ihu nnukwu ngwa ịnya ụgbọ ala wee gosi site na iji okirikiri okirikiri n'otu n'otu na ihu. Freeth na Jones chepụtara ma bipụta nkọwapụta nke ụdị site na iji ụgbọ oloko gia mebere nke yiri usoro anomaly nke ọnwa, na enye ohere maka ngosipụta nke ọnọdụ mbara ala, yana njikọ nke Anomaly Sun. Ha na ekwu na usoro ha dị ezigbo mma karịa ihe nlereanya Wright, ebe ọ na eji nkà ama ama nke ndị Gris ma ghara itinye mgbagwoju anya ma ọ bụ nrụgide dị n'ime igwe. Ezé gia dị n'ụdị triangles nhata nwere nkezi okirikiri okirikiri nke 1.6 mm, nkezi ọkpụrụkpụ wheel nke 1.4 mm yana nkezi oghere ikuku n'etiti gia nke 1.2 mm. E nwere ike ịmepụta ezé site na gburugburu ọla nke oghere na eji ngwá ọrụ aka; nke a pụtara ìhè n'ihi na ọ bụghị ha niile na ada. N'ihi ọganihu na nkà na ụzụ X-ray na aga n'ihu, ọ ga ekwe omume ugbu a ịmata ọnụ ọgụgụ ezé na nha nke gia n'ime mpekere ndị dị. Ya mere, ọrụ bụ isi nke ngwaọrụ ahụ abụghịzi ihe omimi ma megharịa ya nke ọma. Isi amaghi ama ka bụ ajụjụ nke ọnụnọ na ọdịdị nke ihe ngosi ụwa ọ bụla.: 8 Tebụl nke gia, ezé ha, na ntụgharị a na-atụ anya na agbakọ nke ngwa dị mkpa na esote. Ọrụ gia sitere na Freeth et al. (2008) na maka ọkara ala nke tebụl sitere na Freeth et al. (2012). Ụkpụrụ agbakọtara na amalite site na otu afọ kwa mgbanwe maka gia b1, ma ndị fọdụrụ na agbakọ ozugbo site na nha nha nha. Ngwa ngwa ejiri akara akara (*) na-efu, ma ọ bụ nwee ndị bu ya ụzọ na efu, site na usoro amaara; agbakọla ngwa ngwa ndị a site na ọnụ ọgụgụ ezé gia kwesịrị ekwesị. (A na agbakọ ogologo na ụbọchị na eche na afọ bụ ụbọchị 365.2425.) {| class="wikitable" |+The Antikythera Mechanism: known and proposed gears and accuracy of computation !Gear name !Function of the gear/pointer !Desired length of a full circular revolution !Mechanism formula !Computed interval !Gear direction |- !x |Year gear |1 tropical year |1 (by definition) |1 year (presumed) |cw |- !b |The Moon's orbit |1 sidereal month (27.321661 days) |Time(b) = Time(x) * (c1 / b2) * (d1 / c2) * (e2 / d2) * (k1 / e5) * (e6 / k2) * (b3 / e1) |27.321 days |cw |- !r |Lunar phase display |1 synodic month (29.530589 days) |Time(r) = 1 / (1 / Time(b2 [mean sun] or sun3 [true sun])) – (1 / Time(b))) |29.530 days<ref group="table"name=epicycle>On average, due to epicyclic gearing causing accelerations and decelerations.</ref> | clockwise | |- !n* |Metonic pointer |Metonic cycle () / 5 spirals around the dial = 1387.94 days |Time(n) = Time(x) * (l1 / b2) * (m1 /l2) * (n1 / m2) |1387.9 days |ccw |- !o* |Games dial pointer |4 years |Time(o) = Time(n) * (o1 / n2) |4.00 years |cw<ref group="table"name=boxside>Being on the reverse side of the box, the "natural" rotation is the opposite</ref> |- !q* |Callippic pointer |27758.8 days |Time(q) = Time(n) * (p1 / n3) * (q1 /p2) |27758 days |ccw<ref group="table" name="boxside" /> |- !e* |Lunar orbit precession |8.85 years |Time(e) = Time(x) * (l1 / b2) * (m1 / l2) * (e3 / m3) |8.8826 years |ccw |- !g* |Saros cycle |Saros time / 4 turns = 1646.33 days |Time(g) = Time(e) * (f1 / e4) * (g1 / f2) |1646.3 days |ccw<ref group="table" name="boxside" /> |- !i* |Exeligmos pointer |19755.8 days |Time(i) = Time(g) * (h1 / g2) * (i1 / h2) |19756 days |ccw<ref group="table" name="boxside" /> |- ! colspan="6" style="text-align: center;" |The following are proposed gearing from the 2012 Freeth and Jones reconstruction: |- !sun3* |True sun pointer |1 mean year |Time(sun3) = Time(x) * (sun3 / sun1) * (sun2 / sun3) |1 mean year<ref group="table" name="epicycle" /> |cw |- !mer2* |Mercury pointer |115.88 days (synodic period) |Time(mer2) = Time(x) * (mer2 / mer1) |115.89 days<ref group="table" name="epicycle" /> |cw<ref group="table"name=retro>Prograde motion; retrograde is obviously the opposite direction.</ref> |- !ven2* |Venus pointer |583.93 days (synodic period) |Time(ven2) = Time(x) * (ven1 / sun1) |584.39 days<ref group="table" name="epicycle" /> |cw<ref group="table" name="retro" /> |- !mars4* |Mars pointer |779.96 days (synodic period) |Time(mars4) = Time(x) * (mars2 / mars1) * (mars4 / mars3) |779.84 days<ref group="table" name="epicycle" /> |cw<ref group="table" name="retro" /> |- !jup4* |Jupiter pointer |398.88 days (synodic period) |Time(jup4) = Time(x) * (jup2 / jup1) * (jup4 / jup3) |398.88 days<ref group="table" name="epicycle" /> |cw<ref group="table" name="retro" /> |- !sat4* |Saturn pointer |378.09 days (synodic period) |Time(sat4) = Time(x) * (sat2 / sat1) * (sat4 / sat3) |378.06 days<ref group="table" name="epicycle" /> |cw<ref group="table" name="retro" /> |} <references group="table" responsive="0"></references> Enwere ọnụọgụ gia dị iche iche maka ụwa nke ọ bụla na ebute nsonazụ nso na ụkpụrụ ziri ezi maka oge synodic nke mbara ala na anyanwụ. Ndị ahọpụtara n'elu dị ka ndị ziri ezi, nwere ọnụ ọgụgụ nha nha nha, mana amabeghị ngwa ngwa ndị ejiri n'ezie. ==== Atụmatụ gia mara ==== [[Usòrò:AntikytheraMechanismSchematic-Freeth12.png|thumb|Ihe nlere anya nke nleba anya nke gearing nke Antikythera Mechanism, gụnyere nkọwa nke 2012 bipụtara nke gearing dị ugbu a, agbakwunyere agbakwunyere iji rụọ ọrụ ama ama zuru oke, yana ntinye aka iji rụzuo ọrụ ndị ọzọ, ya bụ ezigbo ntụ ntụ na ntụzịaka maka mbara ala ise a ma ama mgbe ahụ. dị ka Freeth na Jones tụrụ aro, 2012. Dabere na eserese yiri nke ahụ na Freeth 2006 Supplement and Wright 2005, Epicycles Part 2. Atụpụtara (dị ka a na amaghị site na artefact) gearing crosshatched.]] O yikarịrị ka enwere ọkpụkpọ mbara ala, ebe a na.ekwu maka mmegharị ahụ gbagwojuru anya na oge nke mbara ala niile na ntuziaka nke usoro ahụ. A maghị kpọmkwem ọnọdụ na usoro maka gia nke mbara ala. Enweghị usoro coaxial ma ọ bụ naanị maka ọnwa. Iberibe D nke bụ usoro epicycloidal, a na ahụta dị ka ihe eji eme mbara ala maka Jupiter (Moussas, 2011, 2012, 2014) ma ọ bụ ihe eji eme ihe maka ngagharị nke Sun (otu mahadum nke Thessaloniki). A na arụ ọrụ Sun Gear site na crank ejiri aka rụọ ọrụ (jikọrọ na gear a1, na akwọ ụgbọ mmiri nke nwere nnukwu okwu anọ pụtara Sun gear, b1) na n'aka nke ya na ebugharị ihe ndị ọzọ gia. The Sun Gear bụ b1/b2 na b2 nwere 64 ezé. Ọ na eme ozugbo akara ụbọchị/ pụtara anyanwụ (enwere ike ịbụ nke abụọ, “ezi anyanwụ” pointer nke gosipụtara anomaly nke Sun; a tụlere ya n'okpuru na nrụgharị Freeth). N'ime mkparịta ụka a, ntụnyere aka bụ oge ngbanwe nke ihe nrịbama na ihe nrịbama dị iche iche; ha niile na eche na ntụgharị ntinye nke b1 gear nke ogo 360, dabara na otu afọ okpomọkụ, ma na agbakọ ya naanị na ndabere nke gia nke gia akpọrọ aha. Ụgbọ oloko nke ọnwa na amalite site na gia b1 wee gaa n'ihu site na c1, c2, d1, d2, e2, e5, k1, k2, e6, e1, na b3 gaa na akara ọnwa na ihu ihu. Gears k1 na k2 na etolite usoro ihe eji eme ihe nke epicyclic; ha bụ otu ụzọ gia nke na adịghị ntupu, kama, ha na-arụ ọrụ ihu na ihu, na etinye obere ntụtụ na k1 n'ime oghere na k2. Ngwa abụọ ahụ nwere ebe ntụgharị dị iche iche, yabụ ntụtụ ga agarịrị azụ na azụ na oghere. Nke ahụ na abawanye ma na-ebelata radius nke a na ebugharị k2, na-agbanwekwa ka ọ na agbanwe ọsọ ọsọ ya (na-eche na ọsọ nke k1 dị ọbụna) ngwa ngwa n'akụkụ ụfọdụ nke ntụgharị karịa ndị ọzọ. N'ime mgbanwe dum, nkezi ngwa ngwa bụ otu, mana mgbanwe ngwa ngwa na adị nwayọọ na egosipụta mmetụta nke elliptical orbit nke ọnwa, n'ihi iwu nke abụọ na nke atọ nke Kepler. Oge ntụgharị ntụgharị nke ọnwa pointer (nkezi ihe karịrị otu afọ) bụ ụbọchị 27.321, ma e jiri ya tụnyere ogologo oge nke ọnwa sidereal nke ọnwa 27.321661. Oghere pin / oghere nke k1 / k2 gears na agbanwe mgbanwe n'ime otu afọ, na ịrị elu nke ngwa abụọ ahụ na gia e3 na enye ọganihu tupu oge eruo na ihe ngosi elliptical na oge nke 8.8826 afọ, ma e jiri ya tụnyere uru dị ugbu a. nke precession oge nke ọnwa nke 8.85 afọ. Usoro a na egosipụtakwa usoro nke ọnwa. Ihe nrịbama ọnwa na ejide ogwe n'ogologo ya, nke a na etinye obere ngwa aha ya bụ r, nke na ejikọta ya na Sun pointer na B0 (njikọ dị n'etiti B0 na ndị ọzọ B adịghị ahụ anya na usoro mbụ, ya mere ma b0 bụ. ụbọchị dị ugbu a/ pụtara Sun pointer ma ọ bụ echiche nke ezi Sun adịghị amata). Ngwa ahụ na agbagharị gburugburu ọkpụkpọ na Ọnwa, ma a na echekwa ya na Sun mmetụta ya bụ ịrụ ọrụ dị iche iche, ya mere ngwa ahụ na atụgharị n'oge ọnwa synodic, na atụle ya, akụkụ nke ọdịiche dị n'etiti Sun. na ihe nrịbama ọnwa. Ngwa ahụ na ebugharị obere bọọlụ na apụta site na oghere dị na ihu ọnwa pointer, na ese ogologo ogologo ọkara ọcha na ọkara ojii, na egosipụta usoro ya na eserese. Ọ na atụgharị n'ụdị ntụgharị oge nke ụbọchị 29.53; Uru nke oge a maka ọnwa synodic bụ 29.530589 ụbọchị. Ụgbọ okporo ígwè Metonic na eji ụgbọ okporo ígwè b1, b2, l1, l2, m1, m2, na n1, nke ejikọrọ na pointer. Ogologo oge ntụgharị nke ihe nrịbama bụ ogologo nke ụbọchị 6939.5 (n'elu okirikiri ntụgharị ise dum), ebe uru ọgbara ọhụrụ maka okirikiri Metonic bụ ụbọchị 6939.69. Ụgbọ oloko Olympiad bụ b1, b2, l1, l2, m1, m2, n1, n2, na o1, nke na ebuli pointer. O nwere oge ngbanwe agbakọtara ọnụ nke afọ anọ, dịka a tụrụ anya ya. Ọ bụ naanị ihe nrịba ama na usoro na aga n'ihu elekere; ndị ọzọ niile na atụgharị n'akụkụ elekere. Ụgbọ oloko Calllippic bụ b1, b2, l1, l2, m1, m2, n1, n3, p1, p2, na q1, na ebuli ihe nrịbama ahụ. O nwere oge ngbanwe agbakọtara nke ụbọchị 27758, ebe uru ọgbara ọhụrụ bụ ụbọchị 27758.8. Ụgbọ okporo ígwè Saros na eji b1, b2, l1, l2, m1, m3, e3, e4, f1, f2, na g1 na anya, nke na ebuli ihe nrịbama ahụ. Oge ntụgharị nke ihe nrịbama Saros a haziri ahazi bụ ụbọchị 1646.3 (na ntụgharị anọ n'akụkụ egwu ihe nrịba ama); Ọnụ ego nke oge a bụ 1646.33 ụbọchị. Ụgbọ okporo ígwè Exeligmos bụ b1, b2, l1, l2, m1, m3, e3, e4, f1, f2, g1, g2, h1, h2, na i1, nke na-ebuli ihe ntụnye ahụ. Oge ntụgharị ihe atụ nke exeligmos pointer bụ ụbọchị 19,756; uru nke oge a bụ 19755.96 ụbọchị. Ọ dị ka gia m3, n1-3, p1-2, na q1 anwụghị n'ime mkpọmkpọ ebe ahụ. A na ewepụ ọrụ nke ihe nrịbama ahụ site na foduru nke dial na ihu azụ, na ezi uche, ngwa ngwa kwesịrị ekwesị iji mezuo ọrụ ndị a tụrụ aro ma nabata ya n'ozuzu ya. == Mgbalị nwughari == === Atụmatụ akụrụngwa atụpụtara === N'ihi nnukwu ohere dị n'etiti gia Sun na n'ihu nke ikpe ahụ na nha na njiri arụ ọrụ na gia Sun, ọ ga abụ na usoro ahụ nwere ntinye ọzọ nke furu efu na ma ọ bụ sochiri ụgbọ mmiri ahụ. , ma ọ bụ wepụrụ tupu ebuba ya n'ụgbọ mmiri. Enweghị ihe akaebe a na ọdịdị nke akụkụ dị n'ihu nke usoro ahụ emeela ka a na agbalị iṅomi ihe ndị Gris oge ochie gaara eme na n'ihi enweghị ihe àmà, a na etinye ọtụtụ ngwọta n'ime ọtụtụ afọ. Mana ka enweela ọganihu n'ịtụle ihe owuwu dị n'ime na ịkọwapụta ihe odide ndị ahụ, ewepụla ụdị ndị mbụ ma mepụta ụdị ka mma.   Derek J. de Solla Price wuru ihe nlereanya dị mfe na 1970s. N'afọ 2002, Michael Wright chepụtara ma wuo ihe nlereanya mbụ a na arụ ọrụ nke nwere usoro a ma ama na nṅomi ya nke usoro mbara ala nwere ike. Ọ tụrụ aro na yana anomaly nke ọnwa, a ga emezigharị maka ọdịda anyanwụ dị omimi, nke bụ isi (nke a maara dị ka "anomaly mbụ"). Ọ gụnyere ihe ntụnye aka maka "ezi anyanwụ" a, Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, na Saturn, na mgbakwunye na "anyanwụ pụtara" (oge dị ugbu a) na akara ọnwa. Evans, Carman, na Thorndike bipụtara ngwọta na 2010 nwere nnukwu ọdịiche sitere na Wright. Atụmatụ ha lekwasịrị anya n'ihe ha hụrụ dị ka oghere na adịghị mma nke ihe odide ndị dị n'ihu ọkpụkpọ ihu, nke dị ha ka ọ na egosi nhazi ihe ngosi anyanwụ na adịghị n'etiti; nke a ga eme ka usoro ahụ dị mfe site n'iwepụ mkpa ọ dị ịme emume anyanwụ. Ha tụrụ aro na ọ bụghị akara ngosi mbara ala ziri ezi (nke mere na ọ gaghị ekwe omume site na ihe odide defiset) a ga enwe ọkpụkpọ dị mfe maka mbara ala nke ọ bụla, na egosi ozi dị ka ihe omume ndị dị mkpa na okirikiri mbara ala, ọdịdị mbụ na nke ikpeazụ na mbara igwe abalị, na ntụzịaka pụtara ìhè. mgbanwe. Usoro a ga eduga na usoro ngwa ngwa dị mfe, yana ike na mgbagwoju anya dị ntakịrị, ma e jiri ya tụnyere ihe nlereanya Wright. Amụma ha jiri ụgbọ oloko dị mfe meshed gia wee gụpụta ihe eji eme eze 63 nke na akọwaghị ya na mbụ n'iberibe D. Ha tụpụtara nhazi efere ihu abụọ, nke nwere akara n'otu n'otu, na nke ọzọ nwere oghere n'elu ihu, iji kọwaa nkatọ na ha ejighị ihe ndozi pụtara na gia b1. Ha tụrụ aro na kama ịbụ ogidi na ogidi maka ngwo na axle, ha na ejide naanị ihu igwe na akara ngosi oge iji gosi na windo. N'ime akwụkwọ e bipụtara na 2012, Carman, Thorndike, na Evans tụkwara usoro nhazi nke epicyclic nwere ndị na eso pin na oghere. Freeth na Jones bipụtara atụmatụ na 2012. Ha tụrụ aro kọmpat na ngwọta ga ekwe omume maka ajụjụ nke ngosi mbara ala. Ha na atụkwa aro igosi anomaly nke anyanwụ (ya bụ, ọnọdụ anyanwụ pụtara ìhè na akara zodiac) na akara dị iche site na akara ụbọchị, nke na egosi ọnọdụ Sun pụtara, yana ụbọchị dị na ọkpụkpọ ọnwa. Ọ bụrụ na emekọrịtara ọkpụkpọ oku abụọ ahụ nke ọma, ngosipụta ihu panel ha bụ n'ezie otu ihe ahụ na nke Wright. N'adịghị ka ihe nlereanya Wright, Otú ọ dị, e wubeghị ihe nlereanya a n'anụ ahụ, ọ bụkwa naanị ụdị kọmputa 3-D. [[Usòrò:Gearing_Relationships_of_the_Antikythera_Mechanism.svg|thumb|Mmekọrịta ime ụlọ nke Antikythera Mechanism, dabere na atụmatụ Freeth na Jones]] Usoro iji mepụta anomaly nke anyanwụ yiri nke a na eji na atụmatụ Wright: gia atọ, otu nke etinyere n'etiti b1 gia ma tinye ya na spindle Sun, nke abụọ edoziri na otu n'ime ọnụ okwu (na atụmatụ ha bụ otu. na ala aka ekpe) na eme ihe dị ka ihe na abaghị uru, na nke ikpeazụ na esote nke ahụ; gia ikpeazụ dabara na ntụtụ na akwụ ụgwọ na, n'elu ntụtụ ahụ kwuru, ogwe aka nwere oghere nke n'aka nke ya, na ejikọta ya na mkpịsị anyanwụ, na akpalite anomaly ka ọ pụtara wiil Sun na atụgharị. Usoro mbara ala ka elu—Mars, Jupiter, na Saturn—ha nile na agbaso otu ụkpụrụ izugbe nke usoro nke ọnwa anomaly. Yiri sistemu ndị dị ala, onye ọ bụla nwere ngwa nke pivot etiti ya dị na ndọtị nke b1, yana nke nwere ihe mgbakwasị ụkwụ. Ọ na enye pin na etiti pivot maka gia epicyclic nke nwere oghere maka ntụtụ ahụ, yana nke ejiri ngwa etinyere na tube coaxial wee banye na pointer. Nke ọ bụla n'ime usoro atọ ahụ nwere ike dabara n'ime akụkụ anọ nke ndọtị b1, ma ha niile nọ n'otu ụgbọ elu dị ka efere ọkpụkpọ ihu. Onye ọ bụla na eji ngwa ala, ngwa ịkwọ ụgbọ ala, ngwa a na ebugharị, yana gia / coaxial tube / pointer, yabụ, gia iri na abụọ na-agbakwunye na niile. Na mkpokọta, enwere spindles coaxial asatọ nke nha nha dị iche iche iji bufee ntụgharị na usoro ahụ na nrịbama asatọ. Yabụ na ihe niile, enwere ngwa mbụ 30, gia asaa agbakwunyere iji rụọ ọrụ kalenda zuru oke, gia 17 na ogwe oghere atọ iji kwado akara ọhụrụ isii ahụ, maka mkpokọta 54 gears, ogwe atọ, na ntụnye asatọ na Freeth na Jones. imewe. Na ihe ngosi a na ahụ anya Freeth na enye, ihe nrịbama dị n'ihu zodiac ọkpụkpọ nwere obere okwute na achọpụta okirikiri. Ọ na-ezo aka na nhota sitere na papyrus oge ochie:   Otú ọ dị, nchọpụta na nchọpụta ọhụrụ na adịbeghị anya egosila na ụdị ndị a dị n'elu adịghị mma. N'afọ 2016, a chọtara nọmba 462 na 442 na nyocha onyonyo nke ihe odide ndị metụtara Venus na Saturn, n'otu n'otu. Ndị a metụtara okirikiri synodic nke mbara ala ndị a, ma gosi na usoro ahụ ziri ezi karịa ka e chere na mbụ. Na 2018, dabere na nyocha CT, Antikythera Mechanism Research Project tụpụtara mgbanwe na gearing ma mepụta akụkụ igwe dabere na nke a. Na Machị 2021, Ndị otu nyocha Antikythera na Mahadum Mahadum [[London]], nke Freeth duziri, bipụtara nrụgharị ọhụrụ nke usoro Antikythera niile. Ha nwere ike ịchọta ngwa ngwa ndị nwere ike ịkekọrịta n'etiti ụgbọ oloko ụgbọ okporo ígwè maka mbara ala dị iche iche, site n'iji ezi uche mee ihe maka usoro synodic nke nwere obere isi ihe, na ihe 7 na 17 na-eji ihe karịrị otu mbara ala. Ha kwubiri na ọ dịghị nke ọ bụla n'ime ụdị ndị gara aga "dakọtara na data niile amaara ugbu a", mana ihe nlereanya ha dabara na ya. Freeth (onye nwụrụ na 2021) eduzila vidiyo na akọwa nchoputa nke oge okirikiri synodic na nkwubi okwu banyere otu usoro ahụ si arụ ọrụ. === Izi ezi === Nnyocha Freeth na Jones mere gosiri na usoro ha simulated ezighi ezi. Ihe nrịbama Mars ruru 38° na ezighi ezi n'ụfọdụ oge (adịghị ezighi ezi ndị a na eme n'ọnụ ọnụ ụzọ ngagharị nke Mars 'retrograde, na njehie na alaghachi na ebe ndị ọzọ na orbit). Nke a abụghị n'ihi ezighi ezi na nha nha nha na usoro, mana ezughị oke na ozizi Greek nke mmegharị mbara ala. Enweghị ike imeziwanye izi ezi ruo c. 160 AD mgbe Ptolemy bipụtara Almagest ya (karịsịa site n'ịgbakwunye echiche nke equant na tiori ya), mgbe ahụ ọtụtụ oge ka e mesịrị site na iwebata iwu Kepler nke mmegharị ụwa na 1609 na 1619.   Na mgbakwunye na izi ezi nke usoro iwu, enwere okwu maka izi ezi nke igwe. Freeth na Jones na ekwu na "ịtọhapụ" a na apụghị izere ezere na usoro ahụ n'ihi ngwa eji aka wuo, na ezé triangular ha na esemokwu dị n'etiti gia, na n'elu elu, eleghị anya gaara ekpochapụworị usoro mgbazi nke anyanwụ na ọnwa ndị e wuru n'ime ya. :   Ọ bụ ezie na ngwaọrụ ahụ nwere ike ịgbasi mbọ ike na ezighi ezi, n'ihi ezé triangular bụ nke ejiri aka mee ya, ngụkọ ejiri na nkà na ụzụ emejuputa atumatu iji mepụta ụzọ elliptical nke mbara ala na retrograde nke ọnwa na Mars, site n'iji ụgbọ oloko nke clockwork. na mgbakwunye nke usoro epicyclic pin na slot, nke buru ụzọ mara nke elekere mbụ a maara n'oge ochie na Europe Medieval, ihe karịrị 1000 afọ. [nkọwa dị mkpa] Archimedes' mmepe nke uru pi dị nso na echiche ya nke etiti ike ndọda, yana usoro o mere n'ịzụlite mgbako, na atụ aro na ndị Gris nwere ihe ọmụma mgbakọ na mwepụ zuru oke karịa nke algebra nke Babilọn, iji gosipụta ọdịdị elliptical. nke mmegharị ụwa.   == Ngwa ndị yiri ya na akwụkwọ ochie == === Ụwa ndị Rom === Cicero's De re publica (54-51 BC), mkparịta ụka nkà ihe ọmụma nke narị afọ mbụ BC, kwuru banyere igwe abụọ nke ụfọdụ ndị ode akwụkwọ nke oge a na ewere dị ka ụdị planetarium ma ọ bụ orrery, na ebu amụma mmegharị nke anyanwụ, ọnwa, na mbara ala ise a maara na ya. oge ahụ. Archimedes wuru ha abụọ ma weta ha na Rome site n'aka onye ọchịagha Rome Marcus Claudius Marcellus mgbe Archimedes nwụsịrị na nnọchibido nke Syracuse na 212 BC. Marcellus nwere nkwanye ùgwù dị ukwuu maka Archimedes na otu n'ime igwe ndị a bụ naanị ihe o debere na nnọchibido (nke abụọ ka etinyere na Temple of Virtue). Edebere ngwaọrụ ahụ ka ọ bụrụ ihe nketa ezinụlọ, Cicero nwekwara Philus (otu n'ime ndị sonyere na mkparịta ụka nke Cicero chere na ọ mere na Villalọ nke Scipio Aemilianus n'afọ 129 BC) na ekwu na Gaius Sulpicius Gallus (onye nnọchi anya ya na nwa nwanne Marcellus). na 166 BC, ma Pliny the Elder kwuputara na ọ bụ onye Rom mbụ dere akwụkwọ na akọwa n'ehihie na chi jiri n'ọnwa) nyere ma "nkọwa mmụta" na ngosipụta ọrụ nke ngwaọrụ ahụ.   Pappus nke Aleksandria (290 – c. 350 AD) kwuru na Archimedes edewo ihe odide furu efu ugbu a n'iwu ngwaọrụ ndị a akpọrọ On Sphere Making. Ihe odide ndị dị ndụ n'oge ochie na akọwa ọtụtụ n'ime ihe ndị o kere, ụfọdụ nwere ọbụna ihe osise ndị dị mfe. Otu n'ime ngwaọrụ dị otú ahụ bụ odometer ya, kpọmkwem ihe nlereanya nke ndị Rom mesịrị jiri tinye akara ha maịl (nke Vitruvius, Heron nke Aleksandria na n'oge Emperor Commodus kọwara). Eserese ndị dị n'edemede a pụtara na ọ na-arụ ọrụ, mana mbọ a nwalere iji wuo ha dị ka e sere ada ada. Mgbe ngwo ahụ e sere ese, nke nwere ezé square, jiri ngwo ụdị dị n'ime usoro Antikythera dochie ya, nke nwere akụkụ, ngwaọrụ ahụ na arụ ọrụ nke ọma. Ọ bụrụ na akaụntụ Cicero ziri ezi, mgbe ahụ teknụzụ a dị n'oge dị ka narị afọ nke atọ BC. Ndị na ede oge Rom na emesịa kpọkwara ngwaọrụ Archimedes aha dị ka Lactantius (Divinarum Institutionum Libri VII), Claudian (In sphaeram Archimedes), na Proclus (Nkọwa na akwụkwọ mbụ nke Euclid's Elements of Geometry) na narị afọ nke anọ na nke ise. Cicero kwukwara na e wuru ngwaọrụ ọzọ dị otú ahụ "n'oge na adịbeghị anya" site n'aka enyi ya Posidonius, "... onye ọ bụla n'ime mgbanwe nke na eweta otu mmegharị ahụ na Sun na Ọnwa na kpakpando ise na awagharị awagharị [planets] dị ka e wetara nke ọ bụla. ehihie na abalị n'eluigwe ..." O yighị ka nke ọ bụla n'ime igwe ndị a bụ usoro Antikythera nke a chọtara na ụgbọ mmiri ahụ kpuru ebe ọ bụ na ngwaọrụ abụọ nke Archimedes chepụtara na Cicero kpọtụrụ aha dị na Rom ma ọ dịkarịa ala afọ 30 karịa ụbọchị e mere atụmatụ nke ụgbọ mmiri ahụ kpuru, na ngwaọrụ nke atọ dị na Rom. ọ fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ n'aka Posidonius n'ụbọchị ahụ. Ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị rụgharịrị usoro Antikythera kwetakwara na ọ bụ ọkaibe nke ukwuu ịbụ ngwaọrụ pụrụ iche. === Eastern Mediterranean na ndị ọzọ === [[Usòrò:Clock_Tower_from_Su_Song's_Book_desmear.JPG|thumb|Ụlọ nche elekere nke Su Song]] Ihe akaebe na egosi na usoro Antikythera abụghị ihe pụrụ iche na agbakwụnye nkwado n'echiche ahụ na e nwere ọdịnala Gris oge ochie nke nkà na ụzụ dị mgbagwoju anya nke e mesịrị, ma ọ dịkarịa ala na akụkụ ụfọdụ, bufere ụwa nke Byzantine na Islam, ebe ngwaọrụ ndị na arụ ọrụ dị mgbagwoju anya, n'agbanyeghị. dị mfe karịa usoro Antikythera, nke e wuru n'oge emepechabeghị anya. Achọtala iberibe akwụkwọ kalenda a haziri ahazi nke etinyere na anyanwụ, site na narị afọ nke ise ma ọ bụ nke isii nke Alaeze Ukwu Byzantium; nwere ike iji kalenda nyere aka n'ịkọ oge. N'ime ụwa [[Àlakụ̀ba|islam]], Banū Mūsā's Kitab al-Hiyal, ma ọ bụ Akwụkwọ nke Ingenious Devices, bụ onye Caliph nke Baghdad nyere ọrụ na mmalite narị afọ nke itoolu AD. Ihe odide a kọwara ihe karịrị otu narị ngwaọrụ arụrụ arụ, ụfọdụ n'ime ha nwere ike laa azụ n'ihe odide Grik oge ochie ndị echekwara n'ebe obibi ndị mọnk. Ọkachamara sayensị al-Biruni kọwara kalenda ejikere nke yiri ngwaọrụ Byzantine n'ihe dị ka afọ 1000, na astrolabe nke dị ndụ na narị afọ nke 13 nwekwara ngwa ọrụ elekere. O kwere omume na teknụzụ ọgbara ọhụrụ a nwere ike ibunye na Europe ma nye aka na mmepe nke igwe elekere ebe ahụ. Na narị afọ nke 11, ndị China polymath Su Song rụrụ ụlọ elu elekere nke na akọwa (n'etiti nha ndị ọzọ) ọnọdụ nke ụfọdụ kpakpando na mbara ala, nke egosiri n'okirikiri igwe na agbagharị agbagharị. == Omenala na ihe ngosi nka ama ama == [[Usòrò:CAMK_Mechanizm_z_Antykithiry_LEGO.jpg|áká_èkpè|thumb|Lego Antikythera usoro]] Emeela ọtụtụ ihe ngosi n'ụwa niile, na eduga na ihe ngosi bụ isi "ụgbọ mmiri Antikythera" na National Archaeological Museum na Athens. N'ihe dị ka afọ 2012, e gosipụtara usoro Antikythera dị ka akụkụ nke ihe ngosi nwa oge gbasara ụgbọ mmiri Antikythera, tinyere nrụgharị nke Ioannis Theofanidis, Derek de Solla Price, Michael Wright, Mahadum Thessaloniki na Dionysios Kriaris mere. A na-egosipụta nrụgharị ndị ọzọ na American Kọmputa Museum na Bozeman, Montana, na Children's Museum of Manhattan na New York, na Astronomisch-Physikalisches Kabinett na Kassel, Germany, na Archimedes Museum na Olympia, Greece, na na Musée des Arts. et Métiers na Paris. Usoro akwụkwọ akụkọ National Geographic nke gba ọtọ Sayensị nwere ihe omume ewepụtara na usoro Antikythera akpọrọ "Star Clock BC" nke ewepụtara na 20 Jenụwarị 2011. Ihe nkiri, kọmpụta mbụ nke ụwa, bụ onye nyocha usoro Antikythera na onye na eme ihe nkiri Tony mepụtara na 2012. Freeth. N'afọ 2012, BBC Four wepụtara Kọmputa dị puku afọ abụọ; ewepụtara ya na 3 Eprel 2013 na United States na NOVA, usoro sayensị PBS, n'okpuru aha Kọmputa ochie. Ọ na edekọ nchọpụta na nyocha 2005 nke usoro nke Antikythera Mechanism Research Project. Onye na eme ntụrụndụ Andy Carol wuru Lego na arụ ọrụ nke usoro Antikythera na 2010 ma gosipụta ya na obere ihe nkiri nke Small Mammal mepụtara na 2011. Na 17 Mee 2017, [[Google]] jiri Google Doodle mee emume ncheta afọ 115 nke nchọpụta ahụ. Ọwa [[YouTube]] Clickspring na edepụta ihe okike nke usoro Antikythera site na iji ngwa, usoro na ihe ndị gaara adị na Gris oge ochie, yana nyocha gbasara teknụzụ enwere ike nke oge. Ihe nkiri Indiana Jones na Dial of Destiny (2023) na egosipụta nkata gburugburu ụdị usoro akụkọ ifo (nke a na akpọkwa Archimedes' Dial, Titular Dial of Destiny). 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Thessaloniki. pp.&nbsp;19–25.</cite> </div>  {{Commons category|Antikythera Mechanism}} * {{Cite web|first=Fivos|author=Asimakopoulos|url=http://www.etl.uom.gr/mr/index.php?mypage=antikythera_sim|title=3D model simulation|work=Manos Roumeliotis's Simulation and Animation of the Antikythera Mechanism page|publisher=The Antikythera Mechanism Research Project}} * {{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/user/antikythera2012|title=Videos|author=The Antikythera Mechanism Research Project|work=YouTube|accessdate=24 July 2017}} * {{Cite web|url=http://www.hpdst.gr/events/exhibitions/antikythera-mechanism|title=The Antikythera Mechanism Exhibitions|publisher=National Hellenic Research Foundation|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120423161138/http://www.hpdst.gr/events/exhibitions/antikythera-mechanism|archivedate=23 April 2012}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20240305103110/https://satadorus.eu/x_ite/yaas_2_0/yaas_2_0.html YAAS – A 3D interactive virtual reality simulator in VRML] * {{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MqhuAnySPZ0|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20231211193617/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MqhuAnySPZ0|archivedate=11 December 2023|title=Virtual Reconstruction of the Antikythera Mechanism|first=M.|author=Wright|date=25 August 2009|publisher=[[Heritage Key]]<!-- |access-date=24 July 2017 -->|accessdate=17 December 2023}} * {{Cite web|url=http://www.nature.com/nature/videoarchive/antikythera/|title=Antikythera|publisher=Nature|date=30 July 2008}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20211207021934/http://antikythera.org/links.html Metapage with links] December 2021. at antikythera.org * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230610141101/http://www.amclock.net/ Bronze replica 3D engineering manufacturing drawings and operating manual] sf2wtyuc1v3ordsdb4vnxh9y8retetb 0 35201 644243 161203 2026-05-30T19:46:38Z Wikipedian12512(alt) 61413 ce 644243 wikitext text/x-wiki  {{Databox}} '''Brian Warner''' (25 Mee 1939 - 5 Mee 2023) Hon. FRSSAf bụ onye Britain South African optical astronomer onye bụ Emeritus Distinguished Professor of natural philosophy na Mahadum Cape Town. Nnyocha Warner gụnyere kpakpando na-agbanwe agbanwe, pulsars, Kpakpando ndị na-emebi emebi na kpakpando abụọ. Ọ chọpụtakwara ma bipụta [[Akụkọ banyere mbara igwe|akụkọ ihe mere eme nke nkà mmụta mbara igwe]] na South Africa. == Akụkọ ndụ == === Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ === A mụrụ Warner na 25 Mee 1939 na Crawley Down, Sussex, England. Nna <ref name=":3">{{Cite book|title=Legends of South African Science|publisher=[[Academy of Science of South Africa]]|year=2017|isbn=978-0-9947076-7-3|location=Pretoria|pages=220–223|language=en|chapter=Brian Warner|doi=10.17159/assaf.2016/0012|chapterurl=https://research.assaf.org.za/bitstream/handle/20.500.11911/74/BRIAN%20WARNER.PDF?sequence=19&isAllowed=y|accessdate=26 February 2023}}</ref> bụ onye na-elekọta ubi n'ụlọ ime obodo na nne ya bụ onye Charwoman.<ref name=":3" /> gafere ule ya iri na otu, ọ dara na mgbakọ na mwepụ, mana a nabatara ya na East Grinstead County Grammar School na ndụmọdụ nke onye nkuzi ya.<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal|author=Warner|first=B.|date=1960|title=Rilles near the Lunar Crater Plato|journal=[[Journal of the British Astronomical Association]]|volume=70|pages=299–300}}</ref><ref name=":3" /> ka nwa akwụkwọ ọ ghọrọ enyi onye a ma ama na-amụ banyere mbara igwe Patrick Moore onye bi nso na East Grinstead ebe Warner na ndị enyi ya ga-eji onyokomita Moore. <ref name=":3" /> gara Mahadum College London (UCL) n'afọ 1958 iji mụọ ihe ọmụmụ mbara igwe. Dị ka nwa akwụkwọ, o nwere ike iji Mahadum nke London Observatory. E bipụtara akwụkwọ abụọ mbụ ya na 1960, obere oge tupu ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ. Nke mbụ na Journal of the British Astronomical Association on rilles nso n'ọgba ọnwa Pluto, nke abụọ na Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society on the emission spectra of Venus.<ref name=":3" /><ref>{{Cite journal|author=Warner|first=B.|date=3 September 1960|title=The Emission Spectrum of the Night Side of Venus|journal=[[Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society]]|volume=121|issue=3|pages=279–283|doi=10.1093/mnras/121.3.279}}</ref> Warner nọgidere na UCL maka Ọmụmụ postgraduate, na-emecha PhD na astronomical spectroscopy na 1964 nke akpọrọ Abundances in Late type Stars. Onye nlekọta doctoral ya bụ Roy Henry Garstang . <ref name=":3" /> [2] Maka nyocha thesis <ref name=":3" />, ọ gara Radcliffe Observatory na Pretoria, South Africa, iji jiri onyokomita 1.9 m (6.2 ft) nke ụlọ nyocha ahụ. === Ọrụ === <ref name=":3">{{Cite book|title=Legends of South African Science|publisher=[[Academy of Science of South Africa]]|year=2017|isbn=978-0-9947076-7-3|location=Pretoria|pages=220–223|language=en|chapter=Brian Warner|doi=10.17159/assaf.2016/0012|chapterurl=https://research.assaf.org.za/bitstream/handle/20.500.11911/74/BRIAN%20WARNER.PDF?sequence=19&isAllowed=y|accessdate=26 February 2023}}</ref> ghọrọ Onye nchọpụta postdoctoral na UCL, tupu e nye ya Radcliffe-Henry Skynner Fellowship na Balliol College, Oxford, ọ bụ ezie na mahadum ahụ enweghị ụlọ nyocha nke ya. N'afọ 1967, a kpọrọ ya na Mahadum Texas dị na Austin maka ahụmịhe ya na spectroscopy. <ref name=":3" /> <ref name=":2">{{Cite journal|date=1992-01-01|title=Award of Gill Medal to Brian Warner|url=https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1992MNSSA..51..106.|journal=[[Monthly Notes of the Astronomical Society of Southern Africa]]|volume=51|pages=106|issn=0024-8266|accessdate=26 February 2023}}</ref> <ref name=":2" /><ref>{{Cite journal|author=Winget|first=Don E.|authorlink=Don Winget|date=2018-01-31|title=R. Edward Nather (1926–2014)|url=https://baas.aas.org/pub/r-edward-nather-1926-2014/release/1|journal=[[Bulletin of the AAS]]|language=en|volume=50|issue=1|accessdate=February 25, 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|author=Warner|first=Brian|url=http://archive.org/details/highspeedastrono0000warn|title=High Speed Astronomical Photometry|publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]]|others=[[Internet Archive]]|year=1988|isbn=978-0-521-35150-8|pages=45–46}}</ref> na ndị ọrụ ibe ya Ed Nather na David Evans rụkwara ọrụ n'ịmepụta ngalaba ọhụrụ nke photometry dị elu maka ịmụ kpakpando na-agbanwe agbanwe na ịtụ [[Kpakpando|radius kpakpando]] site n'ịhụ ihe ndị ọnwa kpuchiri. N'afọ 1972, a kpọrọ ya dịka prọfesọ mbụ nke astronomy na Mahadum Cape Town (UCT) na dịka onye isi nke ngalaba astronomy. <ref name=":5" /> kwagara UCT iji nweta PhD, na Warner dị ka Onye nlekọta doctoral ya. <ref name=":3" /> <ref name=":2" /> Site <ref name=":5">{{Cite journal|author=Carruthers|first=Jane|date=2008|title=Scientists in society: The Royal Society of South Africa|url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00359190809519207|journal=[[Transactions of the Royal Society of South Africa]]|language=en|volume=63|issue=1|pages=24|doi=10.1080/00359190809519207|accessdate=26 February 2023}}</ref> 1981 ruo 1983, ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye isi oche nke Royal Society of South Africa . [1] Warner <ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|author=Glass|first=I. S.|date=April 2020|title=News Note : Brian Warner at 80|url=https://www.mnassa.org.za/html/Apr2020/2020MNASSA..79..Apr.pdf|journal=[[Monthly Notes of the Astronomical Society of Southern Africa]]|volume=79|issue=1–4|pages=5–7|issn=0024-8266|accessdate=26 February 2023}}</ref> onye isi nke ngalaba na-enyocha mbara igwe ruo 1999, tupu ọ laa ezumike nká na 2004 ọ bụ ezie na ọ gara n'ihu na-eme nnyocha. <ref name=":3" /> [2] Warner nwụrụ na 5 Mee 2023 mgbe ọ dị afọ 83. <ref>{{Cite web|title=In Remembrance: Brian Warner|url=http://www.news.uct.ac.za/article/-2023-05-10-in-remembrance-brian-warner|accessdate=2023-06-15|work=[[University of Cape Town]]|language=en|archivedate=19 May 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230519063735/https://www.news.uct.ac.za/article/-2023-05-10-in-remembrance-brian-warner}}</ref> == Onyinye na nsọpụrụ == * McIntyre Award (1983) nke Astronomical Society of Southern Africa <ref>{{Cite journal|date=August 1983|title=McIntyre Award Winner 1983 (B Warner)|url=https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1983MNSSA..42...17.|journal=[[Monthly Notes of the Astronomical Society of Southern Africa]]|volume=42|issue=5–8|pages=17|issn=0024-8266|accessdate=26 February 2023}}</ref> * Ihe nrite John <ref>{{Cite web|title=Awardees|url=https://www.royalsocietysa.org.za/index.php/awardees/|accessdate=2023-02-26|work=[[Royal Society of South Africa]]|language=en|archivedate=26 December 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20221226164401/https://www.royalsocietysa.org.za/index.php/awardees/}}</ref>.W. Herschel (1988) nke Royal Society of South Africa [1] * <ref>{{Cite web|title=List of award winners: South Africa Medal (Gold)|url=http://s2a3.org.za/joomla/index.php/awards/south-africa-medal-gold|accessdate=2023-02-26|work=[[Southern Africa Association for the Advancement of Science]]|archivedate=8 February 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220208232228/http://www.s2a3.org.za/joomla/index.php/awards/south-africa-medal-gold}}</ref> nrite South Africa (1989) nke Southern African Association for the Advancement of Science [1] * <ref name=":2" /> Medal (1992) nke Astronomical Society of Southern Africa [1] * <ref>{{Cite journal|date=1994-01-01|title=Warner Honoured|url=https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1994MNSSA..53Q..42.|journal=[[Monthly Notes of the Astronomical Society of Southern Africa]]|volume=53|pages=42|issn=0024-8266|accessdate=26 February 2023}}</ref> nsọpụrụ nke Royal Astronomical Society (1994) [1] * Onye otu nsọpụrụ nke Royal Astronomical Society <ref>{{Cite journal|date=1995|title=RASNZ Honors Warner|url=https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1995MNSSA..54S.106.|journal=[[Monthly Notes of the Astronomical Society of Southern Africa]]|volume=54|issue=11&12|pages=106|issn=0024-8266|accessdate=26 February 2023}}</ref> New Zealand (1995) [1] * <ref>{{Cite journal|date=2005-02-01|title=In Brief|url=https://physicstoday.scitation.org/doi/10.1063/1.2405562|journal=[[Physics Today]]|volume=58|issue=2|pages=82|doi=10.1063/1.2405562|issn=0031-9228|accessdate=26 February 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=ASSAf Science-for-Society Gold Medals – ASSAf|url=https://www.assaf.org.za/2014/06/05/special-gold-medals/|accessdate=2023-02-25|language=en-US|archivedate=25 February 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230225191934/https://www.assaf.org.za/2014/06/05/special-gold-medals/}}</ref> nrite ọla edo nke sayensị maka ọha mmadụ (2004) nke Academy of Science nke South Africa [1] [2] * <ref name=":4">{{Cite news|date=28 April 2008|title=Honorary Fellowships for Ellis, Warner|pages=4|work=Monday Paper|publisher=[[University of Cape Town]]|url=https://www.news.uct.ac.za/images/archive/news.uct.ac.za/monpaper/mp28_20.pdf|accessdate=26 February 2023}}</ref> nsọpụrụ nke Royal Society <ref>{{Cite web|title=Current Fellows|url=https://www.royalsocietysa.org.za/index.php/current-fellows/|accessdate=2023-02-26|work=[[Royal Society of South Africa]]|language=en|archivedate=26 December 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20221226164359/https://www.royalsocietysa.org.za/index.php/current-fellows/}}</ref> South Africa (2008) [1] * Doctorate Honorary site <ref>{{Cite news|date=14 December 2009|title=Stellar academics Ellis and Warner receive high honours|pages=2|work=Monday Paper|publisher=[[University of Cape Town]]|url=https://www.news.uct.ac.za/images/archive/news.uct.ac.za/monpaper/mp28_20.pdf|accessdate=26 February 2023}}</ref> Mahadum nke Cape Town (2009) [1] * <ref>{{Cite web|author=|date=2022-09-22|title=List of Honorary Fellows|url=https://www.ucl.ac.uk/governance-compliance/honorary-awards/list-honorary-fellows|accessdate=2023-02-26|work=[[University College London]]|language=en|archivedate=1 January 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230101114235/https://www.ucl.ac.uk/governance-compliance/honorary-awards/list-honorary-fellows}}</ref> nkwanye ùgwù nke Mahadum College London (2009) [1] * Onye otu The World Academy <ref>{{Cite web|author=|first=|title=Warner, Brian|url=https://twas.org/directory/warner-brian|accessdate=2023-02-26|work=[[The World Academy of Sciences]]|language=en|archivedate=26 February 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230226065554/https://twas.org/directory/warner-brian}}</ref> Sciences (2009) [1] == Akwụkwọ == === Onye dere ya === * {{Cite book|author=Warner|first=Brian|url=http://archive.org/details/astronomersatroy00warn|title=Astronomers at the Royal Observatory, Cape of Good Hope|publisher=[[A. A. Balkema]]|year=1979|isbn=978-0-86961-109-8|location=Cape Town}} * {{Cite book|author=Warner|first=Brian|title=Charles Piazzi Smyth, Astronomer Artist: His Cape Years 1835–1845|publisher=A. A. Balkema|year=1983|isbn=0-86961-133-X|location=Cape Town}} * {{Cite book|author=Warner|first=Brian|url=|title=Maclear and Herschel: Letters and Diaries at the Cape of Good Hope, 1834–1938|publisher=A. A. Balkema|year=1984|isbn=0-86961-145-3|location=Cape Town|oclc=}} * {{Cite book|author=Warner|first=Brian|url=http://archive.org/details/highspeedastrono0000warn|title=High Speed Astronomical Photometry|publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]]|year=1988|isbn=978-0-521-35150-8}} * {{Cite book|author=Warner|first=Brian|url=|title=Royal Observatory, Cape of Good Hope, 1820–1831: The Founding of a Colonial Observatory|publisher=[[Kluwer Academic Publishers]]|year=1995|isbn=0-7923-3527-9|location=Dordrecht|oclc=}} * {{Cite book|author=Warner|first=Brian|url=|title=Cataclysmic Variable Stars|publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]]|year=1996|isbn=0-511-58649-3|location=|oclc=}} * {{Cite book|author=Warner|first=Brian|url=|title=Dinosaurs' End: Scientific Poems|publisher=Firfield Pamphlet Press|year=1996|isbn=1-875058-06-0|location=Cape Town|oclc=}} * {{Cite book|author=Warner|first=Brian|url=|title=Flora Herscheliana: Sir John and Lady Herschel at the Cape 1834 to 1838|date=1998|publisher=Brenthurst Press|isbn=0-909079-55-2|location=Houghton|oclc=}} * {{Cite book|author=Warner|first=Brian|url=|title=Cape Landscapes: Sir John Herschel's Sketches 1834–1838|publisher=University of Cape Town Press|year=2006|isbn=1-919713-75-1|location=|oclc=}} * {{Cite book|author=Warner|first=Brian|url=|title=Scatological Verse|publisher=Snailpress|others=Illustrated by Tony Grogan|year=2007|isbn=978-0-620-38273-1|location=Plumstead|oclc=}} === Edere ya === * {{Cite book|author=Franklin|first=Jane|url=|title=The Journal of Lady Jane Franklin at the Cape of Good Hope, November 1836|publisher=Friends of the South African Library|year=1985|isbn=0-620-08355-7|editor=Warner|edition=|location=Cape Town|oclc=|authorlink=Jane Franklin}} * {{Cite book|author=Mann|first=William|url=|title=The Cape Diary and Letters of William Mann, Astronomer and Mountaineer: 1839–1843|date=1989|publisher=Friends of the South African Library|isbn=0-86968-093-5|editor=Warner|location=Cape Town|oclc=}} * {{Cite book|author=Herschel|first=Margaret Brodie Stewart|url=|title=Lady Herschel: Letters from the Cape, 1834-1838|publisher=Friends of the South African Library|year=1991|isbn=0-86968-098-6|editor=Warner|location=Cape Town|oclc=}} * {{Cite book|url=|title=Variable Stars and Galaxies|publisher=[[Astronomical Society of the Pacific]]|year=1992|isbn=0-937707-49-X|editor=Warner|location=San Francisco}} * {{Cite book|url=|title=John Herschel 1792–1992: Bicentennial Symposium|publisher=[[Royal Society of South Africa]]|year=1992|isbn=0-9583958-1-0|editor=Warner|location=|oclc=}} * {{Cite book|url=|title=Festschrift in honour of Frank R. Bradlow|publisher=Friends of the South African Library|year=1993|isbn=0-86968-109-5|editor=Westra|location=Cape Town|oclc=}} * {{Cite book|url=|title=Cape Workshop on Magnetic Cataclysmic Variables|publisher=[[Astronomical Society of the Pacific]]|year=1995|isbn=1-886733-06-6|editor=Buckley|location=San Francisco|oclc=}} * {{Cite book|author=Warner|first=Brian|title=Astronomy in South Africa|publisher=Kluwer Academic Publishers|year=1995|location=Dordrecht}} == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} == Ịgụ ihe ọzọ == * {{Cite journal|author=Ellis|first=George|authorlink=George F. R. Ellis|date=2023-08-08|title=Brian Warner (1939–2023): Astronomer, historian and academic leader|url=https://sajs.co.za/article/view/16307|journal=[[South African Journal of Science]]|language=en|volume=119|issue=7/8|doi=10.17159/sajs.2023/16307|issn=1996-7489}} nd3lkovcvn4d4jh2vp1spkdfj52x961 0 35517 644226 196850 2026-05-30T19:39:55Z Wikipedian12512(alt) 61413 redlink 644226 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Alan Mathison Turing''' OBE FRS bụ onye [[England]] na-eme mgbakọ na mwepụ, onye sayensị kọmputa, onye na-ahụ maka ọgụgụ isi, onye na'ihe nzuzo, onye ọkà ihe ọmụma na onye na-ekwu maka ihe ndị dị ndụ. Turing nwere mmetụta dị ukwuu na mmepe nke sayensị kọmputa, na-enye nhazi nke echiche nke algọridim na mgbakọ na mwepụ na igwe Turing, nke a pụrụ iwere dị ka ihe nlereanya nke kọmputa zuru oke. A na-ewere ya n'ọtụtụ ebe dị ka nna nke sayensị kọmputa na ọgụgụ isi aka.<ref>{{Cite journal|title=Remembering Alan Turing: from codebreaking to AI, Turing made the world what it is today|url=https://www.wired.co.uk/article/turing-contributions|journal=Wired UK|issn=1357-0978|language=en-GB|author=Condé Nast}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=Government rejects a pardon for computer genius Alan Turing|url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk/the-northerner/2012/feb/07/alan-turing-pardon-lord-mcnally-lord-sharkey-computers|work=The Guardian|date=2012-02-07|accessdate=2024-01-28|language=en-GB|author=Martin Wainwright}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|title=Report on Speech Secrecy System DELILAH, a Technical Description Compiled by A. M. Turing and Lieutenant D. Bayley REME, 1945–1946|url=http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/01611194.2012.713803|journal=Cryptologia|date=2012-10|issn=0161-1194|pages=295–340|volume=36|issue=4|doi=10.1080/01611194.2012.713803|language=en|author=Alan M. Turing, D. Bayley}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|title=The Prof's Book: Turing's Treatise on the Enigma|url=http://archive.org/details/hw-25-3|date=1940|author=Alan M. Turing}}</ref> A mụrụ Turing na Maida Vale, [[London]], a zụlitere ya na ndịda England. Ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na King's College, Cambridge, na nzere na mgbakọ na mwepụ. Mgbe ọ bụ onye otu na Cambridge, o bipụtara ihe akaebe na-egosi na ụfọdụ ajụjụ mgbakọ na mwepụ bụ ee-e-enweghị ike ịza site na mgbakọ na mwepụta. Ọ kọwapụtara igwe Turing ma gosipụta na nsogbu ịkwụsị maka igwe Turing enweghị ike ikpebi. N'afọ 1938, ọ nwetara Ph.D. ya na Ngalaba nke mgbakọ na mwepụ na Mahadum Princeton.<ref>{{Cite journal|title=Report on Speech Secrecy System DELILAH, a Technical Description Compiled by A. M. Turing and Lieutenant D. Bayley REME, 1945–1946|url=http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/01611194.2012.713803|journal=Cryptologia|date=2012-10|issn=0161-1194|pages=295–340|volume=36|issue=4|doi=10.1080/01611194.2012.713803|language=en|author=Alan M. Turing, D. Bayley}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Alan Turing’s ‘fearless approach to problems and intellectual curiosity’ praised|url=https://www.dunfermlinepress.com/news/national-news/17771381.alan-turings-fearless-approach-problems-intellectual-curiosity-praised/|work=Dunfermline Press|date=2019-07-15|accessdate=2024-01-28|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=The Influence of ULTRA in the Second World War|url=https://www.cix.co.uk/~klockstone/hinsley.htm|work=www.cix.co.uk|accessdate=2024-01-28}}</ref> N'oge [[World War II|Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ]], Turing rụrụ ọrụ maka Government Code and ciphers School na Bletchley Park, ụlọ ọrụ na-emebi koodu na Britain nke mepụtara Ultra intelligence. Ruo oge ụfọdụ, ọ duziri Hut 8, ngalaba nke na-ahụ maka nyocha cryptanalysis nke ụgbọ mmiri [[Jémanị|Germany]]. N'ebe a, o chepụtara ọtụtụ usoro maka imebi ngwa ngwa nke mkpụrụedemede German, gụnyere mmelite na usoro Bọmbụ Polish tupu agha, igwe eletriki nke nwere ike ịchọta ntọala maka igwe Enigma. Turing rụrụ ọrụ dị mkpa n'ịgbapụ ozi ndị e jidere na koodu nke mere ka ndị Allies merie Ike Axis n'ọtụtụ ọgụ dị mkpa, gụnyere Agha nke Atlantic. == Ihe ndị e dere n'ala ala peeji == 6rj0jkxnv5tbo31r0no2mflzznjdmel 0 36098 644218 515997 2026-05-30T19:37:51Z Wikipedian12512(alt) 61413 ce 644218 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''''Progressive Tailors Club''''', bụ ihe nkiri ikatọ ọnọdụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Naijiria nke [[Biodun Stephen]] duziri na Niyi Akinmolayan na Victoria Akujobi rụpụtara ya. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Gary|title=The Progressive Tailors Club|url=https://contentnigeria.net/tag/the-progressive-tailors-club/|accessdate=2021-10-04|work=Content Nigeria|language=en-US|archivedate=2021-10-04|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211004114159/https://contentnigeria.net/tag/the-progressive-tailors-club/}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-07-20|title=Progressive Tailors Club: Watch first teaser|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/progressive-tailors-club-watch-first-teaser/ge08c29|accessdate=2021-10-04|work=Pulse Nigeria|language=en|archivedate=2021-10-04|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211004114152/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/progressive-tailors-club-watch-first-teaser/ge08c29}}</ref> [[Beverly Osu]], [[Uzor Arukwe]], Funnybone, na Blessing Jessica Obasi na [[Rachel Oniga|Rachael Oniga]], Lizzy Jay, [[Lateef Adedimeji|Adedimeji Lateef]], na Bolaji Ogunmola so ná ndị e gosiputara na ohe nkiri a<ref>{{Cite web|author=Tv|first=Bn|date=2021-07-21|title=Watch the Teaser for Anthill Studios' Forthcoming Film "Progressive Tailors Club"|url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2021/07/teaser-progressive-tailors-club/|accessdate=2021-10-04|work=BellaNaija|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-06-21|title=Anthill Studios unveils cast of Biodun Stephen's 'Progressive Tailors Club'|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/anthill-studios-unveils-cast-of-biodun-stephens-progressive-tailors-club/57l43d5|accessdate=2021-10-04|work=Pulse Nigeria|language=en}}</ref> E mere ihe nkiri a na Lagos, Naijiria.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-08-06|title='Progressive Tailors Club' gets theatrical release date|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/progressive-tailors-club-gets-theatrical-release-date/xq0fqlt|accessdate=2021-10-04|work=Pulse Nigeria|language=en}}</ref> Ewepụtara ya na Ọktoba 29, 2021. <ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-08-15|title=Progressive Tailors Club - 2021 Movie Download|url=https://www.infowaka.com/progressive-tailors-club|accessdate=2021-10-04|work=Infowaka|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-09-17|title=Biodun Stephen's film, "Progressive Tailors Club" is Coming to Cinemas in October|url=https://mediarants.com/biodun-stephens-film-progressive-tailors-club-is-coming-to-cinemas-in-october/|accessdate=2021-10-04|work=Media Rants|language=en-US|archivedate=2021-10-04|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211004114157/https://mediarants.com/biodun-stephens-film-progressive-tailors-club-is-coming-to-cinemas-in-october/}}</ref> == Atụmatụ == Ihe nkiri a na-ekwu maka ndị òtù Progressive Tailors Club, bụ ndị na-ezukọ maka nzukọ iji họrọ onye ndu ọhụrụ ha.  Ha kwuru ọtụtụ okwu megidere iwu na nke ahụ. <ref>{{Cite web|author=user|date=2021-08-11|title=Teaser: Progressive Tailors Club - Nolly Silver Screen|url=http://nollysilverscreen.com/2021/08/11/teaser-progressive-tailors-club/|accessdate=2021-10-04|language=en-US|archivedate=2021-10-04|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211004114157/http://nollysilverscreen.com/2021/08/11/teaser-progressive-tailors-club/}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|author=Naijaray|title=DOWNLOAD: Progressive Tailors Club – Latest Nollywood Movie — Naijaray|url=https://naijaray.com.ng/download-progressive-tailors-club-latest-nollywood-movie/|accessdate=2021-10-04|work=naijaray.com.ng|language=en-GB}}</ref> == Ndị mere ihe nkiri a == * [[Beverly Osu]] * [[Uzor Arukwe]] * Ọkpụkpụ na-akpa ọchị * Ngozi Jessica Obasi * [[Rachel Oniga]] * Lizzy Jay * [[Lateef Adedimeji|Adedimeji Lateef]] * Bolaji Ogunmola * [[Femi Adebayo]] * Kolawole Ajeyemi == Atụmatụ == Ndị otu Progressive Tailor's Club gbakọtara maka ọgbakọ ịhọpụta onye ndu ọhụrụ ha. Otú ọ dị, mgbe a na-ewepụ onye isi a tụkwasịrị obi ruo ogologo oge n'ihi nrụrụ aka, ọ na-abịa na nhọrọ n'etiti ndị ochie, nke ọhụrụ na ndị na-akwa emo. == Ihe nrite na nhọpụta == {| class="wikitable" !Afọ ! Ihe nrite ! Otu ! onye nnata ! Nsonaazụ ! Ref |- | 2022 | Nhọrọ nke Africa Magic Viewers' Choice Awards | Onye na-eme ihe nkiri kacha mma na ihe nkiri | Femi Adebayo| {{Nom}} | <ref>{{Cite news|title=2022 Africa Magic Awards Nominees don land- See who dey list|work=BBC News Pidgin|url=https://www.bbc.com/pidgin/tori-60818021|accessdate=2022-03-26}}</ref> |} == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} 7puigsbv0bzt1mk65wmnz8fbldgdxmr 0 36216 644208 198382 2026-05-30T19:35:09Z Wikipedian12512(alt) 61413 redlink 644208 wikitext text/x-wiki == Ihe nkiri == * Look at Me (ihe nkiri 2004), ihe nkiri [[French]] * Look at Me, ihe nkiri 2008 nke Dan Turner duziri * Look at Me (ihe nkiri 2022), ihe nkiri gbasara onye na-eti egwu na onye na-agụ egwu XXXTentacion == Egwú == === Abọm === * Look at Me: The Album, site na XXXTentacion, 2022 * Look at Me, abọm nke Cadillac Don &amp;amp; J-Money dere n'afọ 2006. * Look at Me, abọm nke Pace Wu dere n'afọ 2005.Ịga ije Wu === Abụ === * "Lee m" (abụ Geri Halliwell) , 1999 * "Look at Me" (abụ John Lennon), 1970 * "Leok at Me" (Abụ anya), 2009 * "Leok at Me" (abụ XXXTentacion), 2015 * "Lee m (M hụrụ n'anya) ", site na Moments, 1975 * "Lee m (When I Rock Wichoo) ", nke Black Kids, 2008 * "Leekere m", nke Alan Jackson si na Billy: The Early Years, 2008 * "Leekere m", nke Band-Maid si Brand New Maid, 2016 * "Leekere m", nke ''Buddy Holly'' si Buddy Holly, 1958 * "Leekere m", nke Dobie Gray, 1963 * "Leekere m", nke Engelbert Humperdinck, 1977 * "Lee m", site na ''FFS'' site na F FS, 2015 * "Leekere m", nke Freddie Gibbs na The Alchemist si ''Alfredo'', 2020 * "Leekere m", nke Sugababes si One Touch, 2000 * "Leekere m", site na Sum 41 site na Underclass Hero, 2007 * "Lee m", site n'ihi gịnị ka anyị na-adịghị esi na The Good Times and the Bad Ones, 2021 == Mgbasa ozi ndị ọzọ == * Look at Me (Capitoline Wolf ọhụrụ), ihe osise nke Paweł Wocial mere na 2011 * Look at Me (akwụkwọ akụkọ), akwụkwọ akụkọ 2001 nke Jennifer Egan dere == Hụkwa == * Lee M Ugbu a (disambiguation) * Lelee M (disambiguation) amhwe6epv9o7ekgc6stl68n70elkb9a 0 36286 644495 496254 2026-05-31T05:49:04Z King ChristLike 13051 King ChristLike moved page [[Eze Nwanyị Na-agọzi Ebigieson]] to [[Queen Blessing Ebigieson]]: Misspelled title 496254 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|date=2021-07-23|title=Footprints of an entertainment entrepreneur The Nation Newspaper|url=https://thenationonlineng.net/footprints-of-an-entertainment-entrepreneur/|accessdate=2022-10-25|language=en-US}}</ref> Blessing Ebigieson {{Audio|Yo-Queen Blessing Ebigieson.ogg|audio}} Listeni (amụrụ n'abalị iri na anọ n'ọnwa Eprel n'afọ 1980) bụ onye Naijiria na-eme ihe nkiri na onye na-eme fim. <ref name=":4">{{Cite web|date=2021-07-02|title=Queen Blessing launches book, new movie on 41st birthday The Nation Newspaper|url=https://thenationonlineng.net/queen-blessing-launches-book-new-movie-on-41st-birthday/|accessdate=2022-10-25|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=About Queen {{!}} Queen Blessing Ebigieson|url=http://queenebigieson.com/about-queen/|accessdate=2022-10-25|language=en-US|archivedate=2022-10-25|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20221025015528/http://queenebigieson.com/about-queen/}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-03-30|title=Why I can't marry an actor –Queen Ebisiegon, actress|url=https://www.sunnewsonline.com/why-i-cant-marry-an-actor-queen-ebisiegon-actress/|accessdate=2022-10-25|work=The Sun Nigeria|language=en-us}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=admin|date=2016-10-31|title=7th Eko International film festival winners 2016|url=http://www.ekoiff.org/7th-eko-international-film-festival-winners/|accessdate=2022-10-25|work=EKOIFF|language=en-US}}</ref> meriri ihe nrite Best Actress (Indigenous) na ihe nrite kacha mma (Indigenus) maka mmepụta ya nke Ileri Ife na 2016 Eko International Film Festival . [1] [2] <ref>{{Cite web|author=Reporter|date=2021-08-30|title=Winners Emerge @ 2021 City People Movie Awards In Abeokuta|url=https://www.citypeopleonline.com/winners-emerge-2021-city-people-movie-awards-in-abeokuta/|accessdate=2022-10-25|work=City People Magazine|language=en-US}}</ref> natara Special Recognition Award na 2021 City People Movie Awards maka onyinye ya na ụlọ ọrụ ihe nkiri Naijiria. [1] == Oge ọ malitere == Queen Blessing Ebigieson bụ nwa afọ Okpella, Edo State, Nigeria. A mụrụ ya na Benue Steeti ma zụlite ya n'akụkụ ugwu nke Naịjirịa. <ref name=":0"/> gara Federal Polytechnic Bida, ebe ọ nwetara akara ugo mmụta na mgbasa ozi ọha na eze na 2006. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web|date=2021-02-20|title=Queen Blessing Ebigieson: Living her Nollywood dreams|url=https://guardian.ng/saturday-magazine/celebrity/queen-blessing-ebigieson-living-her-nollywood-dreams/|accessdate=2022-10-25|work=The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News|language=en-US|archivedate=2022-10-25|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20221025020310/https://guardian.ng/saturday-magazine/celebrity/queen-blessing-ebigieson-living-her-nollywood-dreams/}}</ref> <ref name=":2">{{Cite web|title=Jimi Agbaje's alleged lover denies liaison: 'Our relationship is platonic' – Blessing Ebigieson cries {{!}} Encomium Magazine|url=https://encomium.ng/jimi-agbajes-alleged-lover-denies-liaison-our-relationship-is-platonic-blessing-ebigieson-cries/|accessdate=2022-10-25|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref name=":5">{{Cite web|date=2022-10-01|title=Nollywood Actress, Queen Blessing Shines, Win Multiple Awards.|url=https://www.sunnewsonline.com/nollywood-actress-queen-blessing-shines-win-multiple-awards/|accessdate=2022-10-25|work=The Sun Nigeria|language=en-us}}</ref> natara nzere doctorate na nchịkwa (usoro mkpebi) site na Rescue Mission Theological University na 2022. == Ọrụ == Queen Blessing Ebigieson malitere ọrụ <ref name=":3">{{Cite web|date=2014-03-02|title=Why I date older men–Queen Blessing Ebiegieson The Nation Newspaper|url=https://thenationonlineng.net/why-i-date-older-men-queen-blessing-ebiegieson/|accessdate=2022-10-25|language=en-US}}</ref> dị ka onye na-agba egwú ma mesịa banye n'ime ihe ngosi. Ọ malitere ime ihe nkiri n'afọ 2000 dị ka onye na-agụ akwụkwọ. <ref name=":1"/><ref name=":2"/> nkiri mbụ <ref name=":0"/> bụ Ashes to Ashes na Enugu State ebe o mere ihe nkiri atọ na ihe nkiri ahụ. <ref name=":2"/> pụtara na ihe nkiri dịka Eldorado, Girls Next Door, Back 2 Back, Empty Coffin na ihe nkiri ncha dịka [[Wale Adenuga]]'s Super Story . <ref name=":3"/> <ref name=":1"/> Kemgbe <ref name=":4"/> ghọrọ onye a ma ama, ọ gara n'ihu na-eme ihe nkiri ihe karịrị iri asatọ. <ref>{{Cite web|date=2014-09-18|title=Queen Blessing Ebigieson's movie, Ejomiko, hits shelves The Nation Newspaper|url=https://thenationonlineng.net/queen-blessing-ebigiesons-movie-ejomiko-hits-shelves/|accessdate=2022-10-25|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-03-24|title=Ebigieson: A good film must teach lessons|url=https://guardian.ng/art/ebigieson-a-good-film-must-teach-lessons/|accessdate=2022-10-25|work=The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News|language=en-US|archivedate=2022-10-26|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20221026020035/https://guardian.ng/art/ebigieson-a-good-film-must-teach-lessons/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=I make Films That Teach Lessons And Add Value|url=https://www.pressreader.com/nigeria/the-guardian-nigeria/20180318/281848644132205|accessdate=2022-10-25}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-06-11|title=Queen Blessing jets out for well deserved vacation|url=https://www.sunnewsonline.com/queen-blessing-jets-out-for-well-deserved-vacation/|accessdate=2022-10-25|work=The Sun Nigeria|language=en-us}}</ref> bụ onye nwe BQ Productions ma mepụta ihe nkiri iri kemgbe 2009 dịka Borokini, Ife Otito, Ejomiko, Ileri Ife, Ibaje Mi Dewa, Fix it or Kill it and Hatred. [1] [2] <ref name=":2" /> <ref>{{Cite web|date=2018-09-14|title=NDLEA inducts celebrities, journalists as ambassadors|url=https://guardian.ng/news/ndlea-inducts-celebrities-journalists-as-ambassadors/|accessdate=2022-10-25|work=The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News|language=en-US|archivedate=2023-03-16|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230316034607/https://guardian.ng/news/ndlea-inducts-celebrities-journalists-as-ambassadors/}}</ref> na-elekọta Queen Blessing Foundation (QBF) yana onye nnọchi anya National Drug Law Enforcement Agency Celebrity Drug Free Club. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Online|first=Tribune|date=2021-02-28|title=Olubadan showers encomium on QBF for putting smiles on widows in Ibadan|url=https://tribuneonlineng.com/olubadan-showers-encomium-on-qbf-for-putting-smiles-on-widows-in-ibadan/|accessdate=2022-10-25|work=Tribune Online|language=en-GB}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|author=RITA|date=2021-01-22|title=QBF to hold 7th widow empowerment program in Ibadan|url=https://allure.vanguardngr.com/2021/01/qbf-to-hold-7th-widow-empowerment-program-in-ibadan/|accessdate=2022-10-25|work=Vanguard Allure|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-08-30|title=Anyiam-Osigwe emerges AMP president|url=https://www.sunnewsonline.com/anyiam-osigwe-emerges-amp-president/|accessdate=2022-10-25|work=The Sun Nigeria|language=en-us}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Anyiam-Osigwe, Agba Promise to Revolutionise Nigerian Film Industry Through Producers – THISDAYLIVE|url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2020/09/02/anyiam-osigwe-agba-promise-to-revolutionise-nigerian-film-industry-through-producers/|accessdate=2022-10-25|work=www.thisdaylive.com}}</ref> na-eje ozi dị ka osote onye isi oche nke asaa nke Association of Movie Producers of Nigeria (AMP) kemgbe afọ 2020. [1] [2] == Ndụ onwe onye == Queen Blessing Ebigieson nwere nwa nwoke na John Okosun nke Reality Magazine na ụmụ nwanyị ise kuchiri. Ọ bụ Onye Kraịst na-eme ihe.<ref name=":0"/><ref name=":2"/><ref name=":5"/> == Ihe nkiri ==   == Edensibia == Queen Blessing Ebigieson nwere nwa nwoke na John Okosun nke Reality Magazine na ụmụ nwanyị ise kuchiri. Ọ bụ Onye Kraịst na-eme ihe.{{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] mi6hs7uzt4adw1a6g8kpr6ge99nq272 644497 644495 2026-05-31T05:52:03Z King ChristLike 13051 added {{DEFAULTSORT}} 644497 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Blessing Ebigieson {{Audio|Yo-Queen Blessing Ebigieson.ogg|audio}} Listeni (amụrụ n'abalị iri na anọ n'ọnwa Eprel n'afọ 1980) bụ onye Naijiria na-eme ihe nkiri na onye na-eme fim.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|date=2021-07-23|title=Footprints of an entertainment entrepreneur The Nation Newspaper|url=https://thenationonlineng.net/footprints-of-an-entertainment-entrepreneur/|accessdate=2022-10-25|language=en-US}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite web|date=2021-07-02|title=Queen Blessing launches book, new movie on 41st birthday The Nation Newspaper|url=https://thenationonlineng.net/queen-blessing-launches-book-new-movie-on-41st-birthday/|accessdate=2022-10-25|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=About Queen {{!}} Queen Blessing Ebigieson|url=http://queenebigieson.com/about-queen/|accessdate=2022-10-25|language=en-US|archivedate=2022-10-25|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20221025015528/http://queenebigieson.com/about-queen/}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-03-30|title=Why I can't marry an actor –Queen Ebisiegon, actress|url=https://www.sunnewsonline.com/why-i-cant-marry-an-actor-queen-ebisiegon-actress/|accessdate=2022-10-25|work=The Sun Nigeria|language=en-us}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=admin|date=2016-10-31|title=7th Eko International film festival winners 2016|url=http://www.ekoiff.org/7th-eko-international-film-festival-winners/|accessdate=2022-10-25|work=EKOIFF|language=en-US}}</ref> meriri ihe nrite Best Actress (Indigenous) na ihe nrite kacha mma (Indigenus) maka mmepụta ya nke Ileri Ife na 2016 Eko International Film Festival . [1] [2] <ref>{{Cite web|author=Reporter|date=2021-08-30|title=Winners Emerge @ 2021 City People Movie Awards In Abeokuta|url=https://www.citypeopleonline.com/winners-emerge-2021-city-people-movie-awards-in-abeokuta/|accessdate=2022-10-25|work=City People Magazine|language=en-US}}</ref> natara Special Recognition Award na 2021 City People Movie Awards maka onyinye ya na ụlọ ọrụ ihe nkiri Naijiria. [1] == Oge ọ malitere == Queen Blessing Ebigieson bụ nwa afọ Okpella, Edo State, Nigeria. A mụrụ ya na Benue Steeti ma zụlite ya n'akụkụ ugwu nke Naịjirịa. <ref name=":0"/> gara Federal Polytechnic Bida, ebe ọ nwetara akara ugo mmụta na mgbasa ozi ọha na eze na 2006. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web|date=2021-02-20|title=Queen Blessing Ebigieson: Living her Nollywood dreams|url=https://guardian.ng/saturday-magazine/celebrity/queen-blessing-ebigieson-living-her-nollywood-dreams/|accessdate=2022-10-25|work=The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News|language=en-US|archivedate=2022-10-25|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20221025020310/https://guardian.ng/saturday-magazine/celebrity/queen-blessing-ebigieson-living-her-nollywood-dreams/}}</ref> <ref name=":2">{{Cite web|title=Jimi Agbaje's alleged lover denies liaison: 'Our relationship is platonic' – Blessing Ebigieson cries {{!}} Encomium Magazine|url=https://encomium.ng/jimi-agbajes-alleged-lover-denies-liaison-our-relationship-is-platonic-blessing-ebigieson-cries/|accessdate=2022-10-25|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref name=":5">{{Cite web|date=2022-10-01|title=Nollywood Actress, Queen Blessing Shines, Win Multiple Awards.|url=https://www.sunnewsonline.com/nollywood-actress-queen-blessing-shines-win-multiple-awards/|accessdate=2022-10-25|work=The Sun Nigeria|language=en-us}}</ref> natara nzere doctorate na nchịkwa (usoro mkpebi) site na Rescue Mission Theological University na 2022. == Ọrụ == Queen Blessing Ebigieson malitere ọrụ <ref name=":3">{{Cite web|date=2014-03-02|title=Why I date older men–Queen Blessing Ebiegieson The Nation Newspaper|url=https://thenationonlineng.net/why-i-date-older-men-queen-blessing-ebiegieson/|accessdate=2022-10-25|language=en-US}}</ref> dị ka onye na-agba egwú ma mesịa banye n'ime ihe ngosi. Ọ malitere ime ihe nkiri n'afọ 2000 dị ka onye na-agụ akwụkwọ. <ref name=":1"/><ref name=":2"/> nkiri mbụ <ref name=":0"/> bụ Ashes to Ashes na Enugu State ebe o mere ihe nkiri atọ na ihe nkiri ahụ. <ref name=":2"/> pụtara na ihe nkiri dịka Eldorado, Girls Next Door, Back 2 Back, Empty Coffin na ihe nkiri ncha dịka [[Wale Adenuga]]'s Super Story . <ref name=":3"/> <ref name=":1"/> Kemgbe <ref name=":4"/> ghọrọ onye a ma ama, ọ gara n'ihu na-eme ihe nkiri ihe karịrị iri asatọ. <ref>{{Cite web|date=2014-09-18|title=Queen Blessing Ebigieson's movie, Ejomiko, hits shelves The Nation Newspaper|url=https://thenationonlineng.net/queen-blessing-ebigiesons-movie-ejomiko-hits-shelves/|accessdate=2022-10-25|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-03-24|title=Ebigieson: A good film must teach lessons|url=https://guardian.ng/art/ebigieson-a-good-film-must-teach-lessons/|accessdate=2022-10-25|work=The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News|language=en-US|archivedate=2022-10-26|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20221026020035/https://guardian.ng/art/ebigieson-a-good-film-must-teach-lessons/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=I make Films That Teach Lessons And Add Value|url=https://www.pressreader.com/nigeria/the-guardian-nigeria/20180318/281848644132205|accessdate=2022-10-25}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-06-11|title=Queen Blessing jets out for well deserved vacation|url=https://www.sunnewsonline.com/queen-blessing-jets-out-for-well-deserved-vacation/|accessdate=2022-10-25|work=The Sun Nigeria|language=en-us}}</ref> bụ onye nwe BQ Productions ma mepụta ihe nkiri iri kemgbe 2009 dịka Borokini, Ife Otito, Ejomiko, Ileri Ife, Ibaje Mi Dewa, Fix it or Kill it and Hatred. [1] [2] <ref name=":2" /> <ref>{{Cite web|date=2018-09-14|title=NDLEA inducts celebrities, journalists as ambassadors|url=https://guardian.ng/news/ndlea-inducts-celebrities-journalists-as-ambassadors/|accessdate=2022-10-25|work=The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News|language=en-US|archivedate=2023-03-16|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230316034607/https://guardian.ng/news/ndlea-inducts-celebrities-journalists-as-ambassadors/}}</ref> na-elekọta Queen Blessing Foundation (QBF) yana onye nnọchi anya National Drug Law Enforcement Agency Celebrity Drug Free Club. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Online|first=Tribune|date=2021-02-28|title=Olubadan showers encomium on QBF for putting smiles on widows in Ibadan|url=https://tribuneonlineng.com/olubadan-showers-encomium-on-qbf-for-putting-smiles-on-widows-in-ibadan/|accessdate=2022-10-25|work=Tribune Online|language=en-GB}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|author=RITA|date=2021-01-22|title=QBF to hold 7th widow empowerment program in Ibadan|url=https://allure.vanguardngr.com/2021/01/qbf-to-hold-7th-widow-empowerment-program-in-ibadan/|accessdate=2022-10-25|work=Vanguard Allure|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-08-30|title=Anyiam-Osigwe emerges AMP president|url=https://www.sunnewsonline.com/anyiam-osigwe-emerges-amp-president/|accessdate=2022-10-25|work=The Sun Nigeria|language=en-us}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Anyiam-Osigwe, Agba Promise to Revolutionise Nigerian Film Industry Through Producers – THISDAYLIVE|url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2020/09/02/anyiam-osigwe-agba-promise-to-revolutionise-nigerian-film-industry-through-producers/|accessdate=2022-10-25|work=www.thisdaylive.com}}</ref> na-eje ozi dị ka osote onye isi oche nke asaa nke Association of Movie Producers of Nigeria (AMP) kemgbe afọ 2020. [1] [2] == Ndụ onwe onye == Queen Blessing Ebigieson nwere nwa nwoke na John Okosun nke Reality Magazine na ụmụ nwanyị ise kuchiri. Ọ bụ Onye Kraịst na-eme ihe.<ref name=":0"/><ref name=":2"/><ref name=":5"/> == Ihe nkiri == == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Ebigieson, Queen Blessing}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] g5kzjs01xv1nmn89r1nvt0n4aqjj7ez 0 36555 644276 496899 2026-05-30T20:16:46Z Wikipedian12512(alt) 61413 ce 644276 wikitext text/x-wiki   {{Databox}}'''Afenmai''' (Afemai), '''Yekhee''', ma ọ bụ '''Iyekhe''', bụ Asụsụ Edoid nke Ndị Afenmai na-asụ na Edo State, Nigeria. Ọ bụghị ndị niile na-asụ ya ghọtara aha ''Yekhee''; ụfọdụ na-eji aha distrikti ''Etsako''. Na mbụ aha ọchịchị ndị Briten na-achị bụ Kukuruku, nke e chere na ọ gbasịrị mkpu "ku-ku-ruku", nke a na-ewere ugbu a ihe mkparị.<ref name="WPP">Elimelech (1976) "A Tonal Grammar of Etsako", ''UCLA Working Papers in Phonetics'' 35 </ref> {{IPA|[aɾu]}} bụ ihe a na-adịghị ahụkebe n'ihi na a kọrọ na ọ nwere fricative na-enweghị olu dị ka "mgba" nke yiri "mgbapụta" nke a na-akpọ tap {{IPA|/ɾ/}} (iji ya tụnyere [{{IPA|[aɾ̞̊u]}}] 'hat' na [aɾi] 'louse' <ref>Laver (1994) ''Principles of Phonetics'', p. 263.</ref>), ọ bụ ezie na ọ bụ nkọwa ndị ọzọ a kọwara ya dị ka fricative ma nyochaa ya dị ka "mmiri" nke "mgbaghara" nke na-enweghị ụda {{IPA|/t/}} . Etsako, olumba nke Edo n'onwe ya, nwere olumba nke ya nke kewara agbasa n'asụsụ Iyekhe na Agbelọ, ebe a na-asụkarị olumba Iyekhe. == Ọmụmụ ụdaolu == Mkpụrụedemede bụ /{{IPA|/i e ɛ a ɔ o u/}}/. A na-enweta ụdaume ogologo na ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu nke diphthong n'asụsụ ahụ site na usoro ụdaume dị mkpirikpi, mgbe mgbe site na nhọrọ nke {{IPA|/l/}}. Afenmai nwere usoro mgbagwoju anya nke mgbanwe morphotonemic dabere na ụda ụda ụda abụọ, nke dị elu na nke dị ala. N'ọkwa elu enwere ụda ise pụrụ iche: elu, dị ala, ọdịda, ịrị elu na etiti. Ụda etiti bụ nsonaazụ mbelata nke ụda dị elu ka ụda dị ala gasịrị. Ụda contour (ọdịda na ịrị elu) na-eme na ụdaume ogologo ma ọ bụ diphthongs, site na usoro nke elu+ dị ala ma ọ bụ dị ala+ ma ọ bụ na ụdaume dị mkpụmkpụ nke a na-emepụta site na mkpirisi nke ụdaume dị ogologo ma ọ bụ diphthong. Ụda na-ebili bụ ihe a na adịghị ahụkebe, n'ihi na a na ejikarị elu, obere ma ọ bụ etiti dochie ha. Ndị na-asụ asụsụ Ekpheli bụ: {| class="wikitable IPA" !BL !LD !D !Av !PA !Nke a !LV |- |mː m | | |n | (ɲ) | | |- |b p | | |t (ː) d | |kː ɡː |k͡pː k͡p ɡ͡bː ɡ͡b |- | | | |ts dz | (tʃ dʒ) | | |- | |f v (ː) |θ |s | (ʃ) |x ɣ |- |Akụkọ banyere ya | | |l |j | |w |- | | | |ɾ | | |} A na-enyocha ụdaume ndị a kara akara ogologo oge n'ụzọ dị iche iche, gụnyere 'tense' ma ọ bụ 'fortis' ma jikọta ya na 'lax' ma ọ bụrụ na ọ nweghị ihe ndabere phonological maka ịhazi ụdaume 'ogologo' a na-eche na ọ bụ maka ijikọ ha na ụdaume 'dị mkpirikpi'. Ihe doro anya bụ {{IPA|/k͡pː ɡ͡bː mː/}}, nke dị okpukpu abụọ karịa /k͡b ɡ͡b m/ mana ọ bụghị ya, ha bụ otu na spectrogram. {{IPA|/kː ɡː/}} bụkwa okpukpu abụọ karịa {{IPA|/x ɣ/}}. Otú <ref name="WPP">Elimelech (1976) "A Tonal Grammar of Etsako", ''UCLA Working Papers in Phonetics'' 35 </ref> dị, alveolar {{IPA|/t/}} dịtụ ogologo karịa ezé {{IPA|/θ/}}, ọ bụ ezie na {{IPA|/v/}} dị ogologo karịa {{IPA|/ʋ/}}, a ga-atụ anya ya maka fricative ma e jiri ya tụnyere ihe atụ. The postalveolar consonants are allophones of the alveolars before {{IPA|/i/}} plus another vowel, where {{IPA|/i/}} would otherwise become {{IPA|[j]}}, as in {{IPA|/siesie/ [ʃeʃe]}} 'to be small'. It addition, {{IPA|/ts/}} optionally becomes {{IPA|[tʃ]}} before a single {{IPA|/i/}}, as in {{IPA|/itsi/}} 'pig' ({{IPA|[itsi] ~ [itʃi]}}). The other alveolar consonants do not have this variation, unless the triggering environment is provided within a prosodic word: {{IPA|/odzi/}} 'crab' ({{IPA|[odzi]}} in citation form) > {{IPA|/odzi oɣie/}} 'the king's crab' ({{IPA|[odʒoɣje]}}). (The sounds transcribed with {{angbr IPA|ʃ ʒ ɲ}} may actually be closer to {{IPA|[ɕ ʑ nʲ]}}.) Ewezuga {{IPA|/p ts dz θ/}}, ụdaume ndị a na-apụta n'asụsụ Afenmai niile Elimelech nyochara (1976). {{IPA|/p/}} adịghị n'asụsụ Uzairue, a na-eji {{IPA|/f/}} dochie ya, ọ dịkwa ụkọ n'ọtụtụ asụsụ ndị ọzọ. {{IPA|/ts dz/}} na-agbanwe agbanwe ka {{IPA|/s z/}} na asụsụ Aviele na South Uneme. <ref name="WPP">Elimelech (1976) "A Tonal Grammar of Etsako", ''UCLA Working Papers in Phonetics'' 35 </ref>{{IPA|/θ/}} na-agbadata na /ɹ́̊/ n'ọtụtụ olumba ndị ọzọ, dị ka na {{IPA|[aθu ~ aɹ̝̊u]}} 'hat'. == Orthography == A B C CH D E Ẹ F G GB GH GW I J K KH KP KPH KW L M MH N NW NY O Ọ P R S SH T TH TS U V VH W Y Z. == Okwu ndị e kwuru == Okwu Etsako gụnyere: {| class="wikitable" !Etsako !Bekee |- |Moo! |Ọ dị mma |- |Abee!/Lee! |Hello (Olee otu o si?) |- |O somi/O chi |Ọ dị mma. (Azịza) |- |Na ẹgbia |Ụtụtụ Dị Mma |- |Ọ dịghị onye na-arụ ọrụ | (Azịza) |- |Agbelọ |Ụtụtụ Dị Mma |- |Agbe | (Azịza) |- |Ọ̀ Bụ Ya? |O nwere olile anya na ị dị mma. |- |Eli |Ee |- |Ị na-eme ihe na-eme? |Ị na-ehi ụra nke ọma? |- |Kẹmi |Anyị na-ekele |- |Moo ota / Oviẹna / Togi |Ezigbo ehihie |- |Moo ogode / Obugala |Ezigbo mgbede |- |O ki akọ / O kila akhuẹ |Ezigbo abalị (ruo echi) |- |Ma ọ bụ ki la |Ọ dị mma |- |O ki idegbe |Ruo mgbe e mesịrị |- |Lẹ khia / Guẹ khia |Gaa nke ọma. |- |R'ẹlo ku egbe |Kpachara anya. |} Okwu Etsako a na-ahụkarị na-egosi ọdịiche dị n'etiti Iyekhe na Agbelo: {| class="wikitable" !Bekee !Iyekhe !Agbelo |- |Ana m abịa |M kwụsịrị |M na-agba egwú |- |Ebee ka ị nọ? |Obo ma ọ bụ ugbu a? |Obo ma ọ bụ la? |- |Ebee ka ị ga-aga? |Obo ma ò ò? |Obo ma ọ bụ ee? |- |Gịnị ka ị chọrọ? |Ọ̀ bụ gị? |Ọ bụ n'oge a? |- |Nke a bụ nwanne m nwoke |Ọ bụrụ na ị na-ebuga ya |N'oge a na-adịghị anya |- |Agụụụụ na-agụ m |Osami ọ bụ mmalite |Okiami ma ọ bụ AGbe |} == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20240221184057/http://etsakolanguage.com/ Etsako Language Research and Development Centre (ELRDC)] {{Volta-Niger languages}}{{Languages of Nigeria}}  l0v29mzncab3b9e50wgtyqhgz7fn1t1 0 36645 644562 207482 2026-05-31T07:14:22Z ~2026-32314-82 62081 Fixed reference errors 644562 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Swallow''' bụ ihe nkiri Naijiria nke 2021 nke [[Kunle Afolayan]] duziri, nke [[Sefi Atta]] dere na Niyola, [[Deyemi Okanlawon]], [[Chioma Chukwuka|Chioma Chukwuka Akpotha]] na [[Ijeoma Grace Agu]]. Netflix wepụtara ya na 1 Ọktoba 2021. == Atụmatụ == Swallow bụ akwụkwọ nke otu aha nke onye edemede Naijiria Seffi Atta dere. Ọ na-agbaso ndụ Tolani Ajao nke Niyola na enyi ya Rose nke [[Ijeoma Grace Agu]] gosipụtara. Ha bụ ndị enyi na ndị bi n'otu ụlọ na-arụ ọrụ n'otu ebe. Onye isi Rose bụ Maazị Lamidi Salako bụ nwoke na-eme omume rụrụ arụ nke na-eji ike ya eme ihe n'ụzọ na-ezighị ezi iji kpagbuo odeakwụkwọ ya. Ọ dịghị onye nwere ike iguzo n'ihu ya ebe ọ nwere ngalaba ndị ọrụ n'aka ya. Ọ chụpụrụ Rose n'ihi na ọ jụrụ ka ọ nọgide na-enye nsogbu, ma rịọ Tolani ka ọ nọchie ya. Dị ka Rose buru n'amụma, ọ na-enye Tolani nsogbu, onye na-eme mkpesa na nzaghachi maka akwụkwọ ozi ya na-ebo ya ebubo nnupụisi. Ignatius na Personnel jụrụ mkpesa ya n'ihi egwu ya nke imebi onyinyo Maazị Salako dị ka nwoke lụrụ di. Maazị salako mechara kwụsị Tolani mgbe ọ rịọrọ maka ezumike, nke o kwesịrị ya. Rose zutere 'OC' nke [[Kelvin Ikeduba]] bụ onye America laghachiri nke mere ka ọ mata ụwa nke ịzụ ahịa ọgwụ ọjọọ. Ọ na-anwa ime ka Tolani meriri merie sonyere ya, ọ fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ mgbe enyi ya nwoke Sanwo nke [[Deyemi Okanlawon]] gosipụtara ghọgburu ego niile ọ gbazitere ya iji malite azụmahịa. N'ikpeazụ, Rose na-aga naanị ya na London mgbe o riri ọgwụ ọjọọ ahụ, mana ha gbawara n'afọ ya n'etiti ụgbọ elu, na-egbu ya. Tolani laghachiri n'obodo nta ahụ, ebe Sanwo bịara ịchọ ya ma gwa ya na ndị ọrụ kwụsịtụrụ nna ya ukwu Maazị Salako. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.leisurebyte.com/netflix-swallow-2021-review/|title=Netflix's Swallow (2021) Review: Social Drama Falls Flat|work=Leisure Byte|date=October 2021|accessdate=2 October 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://readysteadycut.com/2021/10/01/review-swallow-2021-netflix-film/|title=Swallow (2021) review – this is hard to swallow.|work=Ready Steady Cut|date=October 2021|accessdate=2 October 2021}}</ref> gwakwara ya banyere ọrụ ọhụrụ ya na ụlọ ọrụ ndụmọdụ ma weghachite ego ya. == Ndị na-eme ihe nkiri == * Niyola dị ka Tolani Ajao * [[Deyemi Okanlawon]] dị ka Sanwo * [[Chioma Chukwuka|Chioma Chukwuka Akpotha]] dị ka Mama Chidi * [[Ijeoma Grace Agu]] dị ka Rose Adamson * Mercy Aigbe dị ka Violet * Omotunde Adebowale David dị ka Franka * [[Kelvin Ikeduba]] dị ka O.C. * Frank Donga * [[Eniola Badmus]] dị ka Oriakụ Durojaiye == Mmepụta == [[Sefi Atta|Sefi-Atta]], onye edemede n'onwe ya, onye na-ede egwuregwu, na [[Kunle Afolayan]], dere ihe nkiri maka akwụkwọ akụkọ ahụ. Isi foto mere na [[Ibadan|Ibadan, Oyo]] Steeti. <ref name=":0" /> == Nnakwere == Afolayan natara aka maka iji ndị na-agụ egwú mee ihe na ihe nkiri ya. Otu onye nyocha maka Pulse Nigeria kwuru <ref>{{Cite web|author=Nwogu|first=Precious 'Mamazeus'|date=2021-10-01|title='Swallow': Should Kunle Afolayan rethink making non-actors leads? [Pulse Movie Review]|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/swallow-review-should-kunle-afolayan-rethink-making-non-actors-leads/1dgfysq|accessdate=2021-12-22|work=Pulse Nigeria|language=en}}</ref> "Afolayan nwere anya dị mma maka ntụziaka nka ma bụrụ onye na-emepụta ihe niile. Na 'Swallow', ọ na-egosipụta nka ya site na ngosipụta nke ejiji, asụsụ na ihe omume (mgbe ụfọdụ na-enweghị isi) nke oge a na-etinye ihe nkiri ahụ. Ihe nkiri ahụ, n'aka nke ọzọ, ọ na-eme ihe ziri ezi na akwụkwọ ahụ. Ọ bụ ezie na Atta na-elekọta ya, 'Slowwal' ihe nkiri ahụ nwere obi ụtọ, na-efu maka ihe ọṅụṅụ ndị na-eme ka akwụkwọ akụkọ ahụ si na-eme ya pụta site na Rose Grace nweta otuto". Onye nyocha maka Premium Times toro ndị na-emepụta ihe maka nlebara anya ha na nkọwa ma too ojiji nke asụsụ ụmụ amaala na fim ahụ. E toro Grace Agu maka ime ihe nkiri ya ebe a sịrị na Niyola lụsoro ọrụ ahụ ọgụ. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|author=Onu|first=Emmanuel|date=2021-10-17|title=Movie Review: 'Swallow' is sweet, bitter pill for Nigerian audience|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/nollywood/490260-movie-review-swallow-is-sweet-bitter-pill-for-nigerian-audience.html|accessdate=2022-01-02|language=en-GB}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFOnu2021">Onu, Emmanuel (17 October 2021). [https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/nollywood/490260-movie-review-swallow-is-sweet-bitter-pill-for-nigerian-audience.html "Movie Review: 'Swallow' is sweet, bitter pill for Nigerian audience"]<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 January</span> 2022</span>.</cite></ref>'ikwu ya n'ụzọ nkenke, onye nyocha ahụ dere "Ọ bụ ezigbo ihe nkiri kwesịrị ile anya karịsịa dị ka ezinụlọ. Ọ na-akụzi ihe ma na-atọ ụtọ". == Hụkwa == * Ndepụta ihe nkiri Naijiria nke 2021 == Njikọ mpụga == * {{IMDb title|14391622}} == Ihe odide == 1priszol2zcqfqho79vmihowhn87dlu 0 36775 644148 594972 2026-05-30T17:43:22Z Mirah50 16972 Fixed reference errors 644148 wikitext text/x-wiki  {{Databox}} '''Tera''' bụ ụyọkọ asụsụ Chadic a na-asụ n'ebe ugwu ọwụwa anyanwụ [[Naijiria|Naịjirịa]] n'ebeebe ugwu na n'ebe ọwụwa Anyanwụ [[Ȯra Gombe|Gombe Steeti]] na Borno Steeti. <ref>Blench, 2006. [https://web.archive.org/web/20241203055600/http://rogerblench.info/Language/Afroasiatic/General/AALIST.pdf The Afro-Asiatic Languages: Classification and Reference List] (ms)</ref> (2006) kwenyere na Pidlimdi (Hinna) dialect bụ asụsụ dị iche. == Ụdị dị iche iche == Blench depụtara ụdị asụsụ ndị a dị ka akụkụ nke ụyọkọ asụsụ Tera. <ref name="BlenchAtlas4">{{Cite book|title=An Atlas of Nigerian Languages|author=Blench|first=Roger|publisher=Kay Williamson Educational Foundation|year=2019|edition=4th|location=Cambridge}}</ref> * Nyimatli * Pidlimdi * Bura Kokura == Ọmụmụ ụdaolu == {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+Mkpụrụ okwu ! colspan="2" rowspan="2" | ! colspan="4" |Akpụkpọ ahụ ! colspan="4" |Alveolar ! colspan="2" rowspan="2" |Mgbe e mesịrị.<br />/ObodoPalatal ! colspan="4" |Velar ! colspan="2" rowspan="2" |Mkpịsị aka |- ! colspan="2" |<small>ala dị larịị</small> ! colspan="2" |<small>ọnụ.</small> ! colspan="2" |<small>etiti</small> ! colspan="2" |<small>n'akụkụ</small> ! colspan="2" |<small>ala dị larịị</small> ! colspan="2" |<small>egbugbere ọnụ.</small> |- ! colspan="2" |Ụgbọ imi | style="border-right: 0;" width="20px" | | style="border-left: 0;" width="20px" |m | style="border-right: 0;" width="20px" | | style="border-left: 0;" width="20px" |{{IPA|mʲ}} | style="border-right: 0;" width="20px" | | style="border-left: 0;" width="20px" |n | colspan="2" | | style="border-right: 0;" width="20px" | | style="border-left: 0;" width="20px" |ɲ | style="border-right: 0;" width="20px" | | style="border-left: 0;" width="20px" |ŋ | colspan="2" | | colspan="2" | |- ! rowspan="3" |Kwụsị1 !<small>ala dị larịị</small> | style="border-right: 0;" |p | style="border-left: 0;" |b | colspan="2" | | style="border-right: 0;" |t2 | style="border-left: 0;" |d2 | colspan="2" | | style="border-right: 0;" |tʃ2 | style="border-left: 0;" |dʒ2 | style="border-right: 0;" |k | style="border-left: 0;" |ɡọ | style="border-right: 0;" width="20px" |{{IPA|kʷ}} | style="border-left: 0;" width="20px" |{{IPA|ɡʷ}} | colspan="2" | |- !<small>Nwanyị na-agba ọsọ.</small> | style="border-right: 0;" | | style="border-left: 0;" |{{IPA|ᵐb}} | colspan="2" | | style="border-right: 0;" | | style="border-left: 0;" |{{IPA|ⁿd}} | colspan="2" | | style="border-right: 0;" | | style="border-left: 0;" |{{IPA|ᶮdʒ}} | style="border-right: 0;" | | style="border-left: 0;" |{{IPA|ᵑɡ}} | style="border-right: 0;" | | style="border-left: 0;" |{{IPA|ᵑɡʷ}} | colspan="2" | |- !<small>implosive</small> | style="border-right: 0;" | | style="border-left: 0;" |ɓ | style="border-right: 0;" | | style="border-left: 0;" |{{IPA|ɓʲ}} | style="border-right: 0;" | | style="border-left: 0;" |ka | colspan="2" | | colspan="2" | | style="border-right: 0;" | | style="border-left: 0;" |Ihe a na-akpọ China | colspan="2" | | colspan="2" | |- ! colspan="2" |Ihe na-esiri ike | style="border-right: 0;" |f | style="border-left: 0;" |v | style="border-right: 0;" | | style="border-left: 0;" |{{IPA|vʲ}} | style="border-right: 0;" |s | style="border-left: 0;" |z | style="border-right: 0;" width="20px" |ɬ | style="border-left: 0;" width="20px" |Ọdịdị | style="border-right: 0;" |ʃ | style="border-left: 0;" |ʒ | style="border-right: 0;" |x | style="border-left: 0;" |ɣ | style="border-right: 0;" |{{IPA|xʷ}} | style="border-left: 0;" |{{IPA|ɣʷ}} | style="border-right: 0;" width="20px" |h3 | style="border-left: 0;" width="20px" | |- ! rowspan="2" |Ihe atụ !<small>ala dị larịị</small> | colspan="2" | | colspan="2" | | colspan="2" | | style="border-right: 0;" | | style="border-left: 0;" |l | style="border-right: 0;" | | style="border-left: 0;" |j | colspan="2" | | style="border-right: 0;" | | style="border-left: 0;" |w | colspan="2" | |- !<small>Akpụkpọ ahụ.</small> | colspan="2" | | colspan="2" | | colspan="2" | | colspan="2" | | style="border-right: 0;" | | style="border-left: 0;" |{{IPA|jˀ}}4 | colspan="2" | | colspan="2" | | colspan="2" | |- ! colspan="2" |Ihe na-atọ ụtọ | colspan="2" | | colspan="2" | | style="border-right: 0;" | | style="border-left: 0;" |r | colspan="2" | | colspan="2" | | colspan="2" | | colspan="2" | | colspan="2" | |} : A na-eji obere ụdaolu eme ihe ma a naghị ewepụta ya tupu ụdaume ọzọ.  : <ref name="Harvcoltxt|Tench|2007|p=229">{{Harvcoltxt|Tench|2007|p=229}}</ref>{{IPA|/dʒ/}} {{IPA|/t/}} na {{IPA|/d/}} nwere {{IPA|/tʃ/}} na / dʒ/ n'ụzọ ziri ezi dị ka allophones mana ụzọ abụọ ahụ kewara; Otú ọ dị, alveolar plosives anaghị ebute ụdaume ihu na post-veolar affricates anaghị ebute ihe ọ bụla ma e wezụga ụdaume ihu.  : {{IPA|/h/}} bụ ụdaume ọhụrụ, na-apụta na okwu ndị a gbazitere site na [[Asụsụ Bekee|Bekee]] [[Asụsụ Hausa|Ndị Hausa]].  : <ref name="Harvcoltxt|Tench|2007|p=229" /> /jī/ sitere na {{IPA|/ɗʲ/}} nke na-enweghị njikọ alveolar ya mgbe ọ na-ejigide ọrụ palatal na glottal.  [[Usòrò:Tera_monophthongs_chart.svg|thumb|250x250px|Monophthongs nke Tera, site na Tench (2007:230) ]] [[Usòrò:Tera_diphthongs_chart.svg|thumb|250x250px|Diphthongs nke Tera, site na Tench (2007:231) ]] {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" |+Mkpụrụedemede ! !N'ihu !Central !Ịlaghachi azụ |- !N'akụkụ |i iː |Ọdịdị |u uː |- !N'etiti |na eː | |o oː |- !Emeghe | |a aː | |} * Mkpụrụedemede etiti {{IPA|/e, eː, o, oː/}} bụ eziokwu-etiti. * Mkpụrụedemede {{IPA|/a, aː/}} bụ etiti {{IPA|[{{IPAplink|ä}}, {{IPAplink|äː}}]}} . <ref name="Harvcoltxt|Tench|2007|p=230">{{Harvcoltxt|Tench|2007|p=230}}</ref> na-egbochi ọdịiche dị iche iche nke ụdaume na okwu monosyllabic na-enweghị ụdaume coda. Mkpụrụedemede niile ma e wezụga {{IPA|/a/}} na {{IPA|/aː/}} na-emeghe na mkpụrụedemede mechiri emechi dịka na [[[ikpu') na {{IPA|[xʊ́r]}} ('ikpu ofe'). {{IPA|/a/}} na {{IPA|/aː/}} na-abụkarị n'ihu {{IPA|[{{IPAplink|æ}}, {{IPAplink|æː}}]}} mgbe ha na-agbaso ụdaume palatalized. Diphthongs, nke nwere otu ogologo dị ka ụdaume ogologo, nwere ụdaume na-abụghị elu na ụdaume dị elu: {| class="wikitable" !Diphthong !Ihe Nlereanya !Orthography !Nkọwa |- align="center" |{{IPA|/eu/}} |{{IPA|/ɓeu/}} |''N'ihi na'' |'Ọ dị ilu' |- align="center" |{{IPA|/oi/}} |{{IPA|/woi/}} |''Ọ bụ n'ihi ya'' |'nwa' |- align="center" |{{IPA|/ai/}} |{{IPA|/ɣài/}} |''ghai'' |'obodo' |- align="center" |{{IPA|/au/}} |{{IPA|/ɮàu/}} |''dlau'' |'na-arịa ọrịa' |} * 'ụzọ ụdaolu, okwu ndị a bụ [eɪ, oɪ, ɐɪ, ʊ] . === Ụda === Tera bụ Asụsụ ụda olu, na-eme ka ụda dị elu, dị n'etiti na nke dị ala. naghị egosi ụda olu n'ụzọ orthographic ebe ọ bụ na ọ dịghị obere trios dị; enwere ike ịmata obere ụzọ abụọ site na ihe gbara ya gburugburu. == Orthography == Mbipụta mbụ na Tera bụ ''Labar Mbarkandu nu Yohanna Bula Ki'', nsụgharị nke Oziọma Jọn, nke guzobere usoro orthographic. 'afọ 2004, e dezigharịrị usoro orthographic a. == Edensibia == ụyọkọ asụsụ Chadic a na-asụ n'ebe ugwu ọwụwa anyanwụ Naịjirịa n'ebeebe ugwu na n'ebe ọwụwa Anyanwụ Gombe Steeti na Borno Steeti. (2006) kwenyere na Pidlimdi (Hinna) dialect bụ asụsụ dị iche.{{Reflist}} == Akwụkwọ ==  {{Languages of Nigeria}}{{Biu–Mandara languages}}{{Authority control}} 81a16sb7381h0rnyoixviefq0o02rvo 0 37117 644332 642272 2026-05-30T21:36:27Z Iwuala chisom 17246 Added {{DEFAULTSORT}} 644332 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="infobox biography vcard" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;" |<div class="fn" style="display:inline-block">Elizabeth Wood</div> |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-image" |[[File:Elizabeth_Wood_-_Flickr_-_nick_step.jpg|frameless]]<div class="infobox-caption">Foto nke Elizabeth Wood</div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Ọrụ | class="infobox-data role" |<templatestyles src="Cslist/styles.css" /> * Onye nduzi ihe nkiri * Onye edemede |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Afọ ndị ọ na-arụsi ọrụ ike&nbsp; | class="infobox-data" |2007-dị ugbu a |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Nwunye | class="infobox-data" |<templatestyles src="Template:Marriage/styles.css" /><div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;">Gabriel Nussbaum</div> (nwụrụ n'afọ 2009) <abbr title="<nowiki&gt;married</nowiki&gt;">m.</abbr> (nwụrụ n'afọ 2009&#x29;&#x20; &nbsp;&#x5F;&#x5F;&#x69;&#x62;&#x6F;&#x5F;&#x5F;&#x5F;&#x5F;&#x69;&#x62;&#x6F;&#x5F;&#x5F;&#x5F;&#x5F;&#x69;&#x62;&#x6F;&#x5F;&#x5F;&#x20;&#x1ECC;&#x20;&#x62;&#x1EE5;&#x20;&#x65;&#x7A;&#x69;&#x65;&#x20;&#x6E;&#x61;&#x20;&#x1ECD;&#x20;&#x62;&#x1EE5;</div> |} '''Elizabeth Wood''' bụ onye nduzi ihe nkiri America na onye na-ede ihe nkiri, nke a maara nke ọma maka ihe nkiri mbụ ya bụ White Girl . == Ọrụ ihe nkiri == Wood mere ihe nkiri akụkọ mbụ ya na White Girl nke gosipụtara na 2016 Sundance Film Festival na Jenụwarị 23, 2016.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.sundance.org/projects/white-girl|title=White Girl|work=[[Sundance Film Festival]]|accessdate=April 11, 2016|archivedate=December 22, 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20191222115304/https://www.sundance.org/projects/white-girl}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.sundance.org/blogs/news/premieres-spotlight-sundance-kids-and-special-events-announced-for-2016-festival|title=SUNDANCE INSTITUTE COMPLETES FEATURE FILM LINEUP FOR 2016 SUNDANCE FILM FESTIVAL|publisher=sundance.org|date=December 7, 2015|accessdate=April 11, 2016}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://variety.com/2016/film/news/morgan-saylor-white-girl-filmrise-1201750523/|title=FilmRise Buys U.S. Rights to Morgan Saylor's 'White Girl'|work=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]|first=Dave|author=McNary|date=April 11, 2016|accessdate=October 11, 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/netflix-picks-up-white-girl-866490|title=White Girl|work=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]|first=Tatiana|author=Siegel|date=February 17, 2016|accessdate=October 11, 2016}}</ref>FilmRise na Netflix mechara nweta ikike nkesa maka ihe nkiri ahụ. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.indiewire.com/2016/07/white-girl-trailer-nsfw-morgan-sayler-elizabeth-wood-netflix-1201704870/|title='White Girl' Trailer: College Girl Fights To Get Her Dealer Boyfriend Out of Jail In Sundance Drug Drama|work=[[Indiewire.com]]|first=Vikram|author=Murthi|date=July 12, 2016|accessdate=October 11, 2016}}</ref> tọhapụrụ ya na Septemba 2, 2016. [1] Ihe nkiri <ref>{{Cite web|author=Cox|first=Gordon|title=10 Directors to Watch: Elizabeth Wood Takes Intense 'White Girl' to Sundance|date=December 29, 2015|url=https://variety.com/2015/film/features/10-directors-to-watch-elizabeth-wood-1201668718/|accessdate=October 11, 2016}}</ref> dabeere na ndụ Wood. [1] == Ndụ onwe onye == Wood lụrụ onye <ref>{{Cite news|author=FISCHLER|first=MARCELLE S.|title=Elizabeth Wood and Gabriel Nussbaum|work=The New York Times|date=June 13, 2009|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2009/06/14/fashion/weddings/14vows.html|accessdate=September 26, 2016}}</ref>-emepụta ihe na onye nduzi Gabriel Nussbaum kemgbe afọ 2009. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.bankstreetfilms.com/about|title=About|work=Bank Street Films|accessdate=October 11, 2016}}</ref> abụọ na-arụ ọrụ ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta Bank Street Films. == Ihe nkiri == === Ihe nkiri === {| class="wikitable" !Afọ !Ihe nkiri !Ọrụ !Ihe edeturu |- |2007 |''Mmiri n'ime Mmiri, Ụmụaka'' |Onye nduzi, ihe ngosi | |- |2010 |Akpụkpọ ahụ (obere) |Onye nduzi, onye edemede, onye na-emepụta ihe, onye na -ese ihe nkiri | |- |2010 |Autopilot (obere) |Onye nduzi, onye na-emepụta ihe, onye na'ihe nkiri, onye nchịkọta akụkọ | |- |2011 |Loft (obere) |Onye nduzi, onye na-emepụta | |- |2016 |''Nwa agbọghọ ọcha'' |Onye nduzi, onye edemede | |- |} == Edensibịa == achọ ichebe onyinyo onye na-emebanye aha, aha, aha ezinụlọ na ọbụna egwu nke a na-emeghị ya. Mmetụta dị ọtụtụ ma dị ka ọha mmadụ, ọtụtụ ndị ahọrọla idebe ụdị mmetọ a na {{Reflist|30em}} == Njikọ mpụga == * {{IMDb name|nm2559080}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Wood, Elizabeth}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] lb54zf7q5ygh34kkcbwgmp1xc9xpiht 0 37482 644560 152178 2026-05-31T07:12:11Z ~2026-32314-82 62081 Fixed reference errors 644560 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}''''''Swahilization'''''' ma ọ bụ Swahilisation na-ezo aka n'otu n'ime omume abụọ: * omenala omenala nke ndị obodo dị na Ndịda Ọwụwa Anyanwụ Afrịka n'ime [[Swahili people|Ndị Swahili]] na omenala ha. * nkwalite nke [[Swahili language|Asụsụ Swahili]] mgbe nnwere onwe gasịrị site na gọọmentị nke ndịda ọwụwa anyanwụ Afrịka bụbu ndị na-achị dị ka asụsụ mba na nke gọọmentị, yana iwu ka ukwuu nke omenala nke Africanization (lee Julius Nyerere na ''Ujamaa''). Swahili bụ asụsụ a na-asụ n'ebo niile dị n'ụsọ oké osimiri nke Eastern Tanzania tupu ndị bi na Europe abịarute. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|author=Drummond|first=Tammerlin|date=1993-09-21|title=Postscript : Stuck in Language Limbo : Tanzania's Julius Nyerere once envisioned a Swahili-speaking utopia. It hasn't worked out.|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1993-09-21-wr-37640-story.html|accessdate=2021-01-04|work=Los Angeles Times|language=en-US}}</ref>'ime afọ 1800, ahia ohu nke ndị ahịa Arab duziri mere ka Swahili bụrụ 50% sitere na Arabic. N'afọ ndị 1960, mba ọhụrụ nke Tanzania jiri ọdịnaya Swahili dochie ihe niile gbasara agụmakwụkwọ Bekee n'ụlọ akwụkwọ elementrị n'ịgagharị iji kpochapụ oge ọchịchị nke mba ahụ. Ụlọ akwụkwọ etiti na elu ga-eme otu ihe ahụ site n'afọ 2000. Julius Nyerere, onye malitere iwu a, sụgharịrị onwe ya Julius Caesar na The Merchant of Venice nke [[William Shakespeare|Shakespeare]] na Swahili. Omume <ref name=":0" /> malitekwara na USA, nke ịrị elu nke Black Power movement kwadoro. Ka ọ na-erule afọ 1990, Swahilization nke usoro agụmakwụkwọ Tanzania emeghị n'ezie, Bekee ka bụ asụsụ agụmakwụkwọ kachasị, a gbahapụrụ ọtụtụ mgbanwe. N'ụlọ ikpe nke mba ahụ, a na-ekpe ikpe n'asụsụ Swahili mana a na-edebe ihe ndekọ ahụ n'asụsụ Bekee. A na-akpọ ngwakọta nke Swahili na Bekee n'asụsụ ndị a na-asụ na mba ahụ ''Kiswengli'' (Kiswahili-English). N'ọkwa ndị ọkà mmụta, ọtụtụ okwu sayensị adịghị n'asụsụ Swahili. Ka ọ na-erule afọ 1990, ewepụtara okwu teknụzụ Swahili ọhụrụ 8,000, mana ọ naghị agbasa n'usoro agụmakwụkwọ niile. Swahilization nke mba ahụ nwere ike kewapụrụ ya na ahịa mba ụwa n'oge 1970s na 1980s. <ref name=":0" /> <ref>{{Cite web|author=King'ei|first=Kitula|date=2002|title=THE SWAHILIZATION OF KENYA'S SOCIO-POLITICAL CULTURE|url=https://ul.qucosa.de/api/qucosa%3A11530/attachment/ATT-0/|accessdate=4 January 2021|work=Qucosa.de}}</ref> ọ na-erule mmalite afọ 2000, a malitere iji [[Swahili language|Kiswahili]] mee ihe n'ime otu na [[Kenya]], ihe ịrịba ama na asụsụ Swahili nke mba ahụ na-amalite ịpụta dị ka asụsụ kachasị. Nnyocha nke afọ 2010 gosiri <ref>{{Cite web|author=Yoneda|first=Nobuko|date=October 2010|title="SWAHILIZATION" OF ETHNIC LANGUAGES IN TANZANIA: THE CASE OF MATENGO|url=https://jambo.africa.kyoto-u.ac.jp/kiroku/asm_normal/abstracts/pdf/31-3/139-148.pdf|accessdate=4 January 2021|work=Kyoto-u.ac.jp}}</ref>, na [[Tanzania]], Swahili ghọrọ ihe a ma ama na mpaghara ndị na-asụkarị [[Matengo language|Matengo]]. == Edensibia == <references /> o281ne8u732550696yq4zxgdxw6ooh4 0 37714 644559 152469 2026-05-31T07:06:06Z ~2026-32314-82 62081 Fixed reference errors 644559 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Language|name=Svan|map=Kartvelian_languages.svg|nativename={{lang|sva|ლუშნუ ნინ}} ''Lušnu nin''|pronunciation={{IPA-ka|ˈɫuʃnu nin|}}|states=[[Georgia (country)|Georgia]]|region=[[Svaneti]]<br/>[[Abkhazia]]|speakers=14,000|date=2015|familycolor=Caucasian|fam1=[[Kartvelian languages|Kartvelian]]|script=[[Georgian script]]|iso3=sva|notice=IPA}} '''Svan''' ({{Lang|sva|ლუშნუ ნინ}} ''lušnu nin''; {{lang-ka|სვანური ენა|tr}}) bụ asụsụ Kartvelian nke ndị Svan na-asụ na mpaghara ọdịda anyanwụ Georgian nke Svaneti.<ref>{{Cite book|author=Tuite|first=Kevin|authorlink=Kevin Tuite|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/22492614|title=Encyclopedia of World Cultures|date=1991–1996|publisher=G.K. Hall|isbn=0-8168-8840-X|editor=Friedrich|location=Boston, Mass.|pages=343|chapter=Svans|oclc=22492614}}</ref> Ebe ndị na-ekwu okwu ya dị iche iche na-eche na ọ dị n'etiti 30,000 na 80,000, UNESCO na-akọwa Svan dị ka "asụsụ nwere nsogbu". Ọ bụ mmasị pụrụ iche n'ihi na ọ jigidewo ọtụtụ atụmatụ ndị furu efu n'asụsụ Kartvelian ndị ọzọ. == Ihe ndị e ji mara ya == === Ihe ndị e ji mara ezinụlọ === Dị ka asụsụ niile nke ezinụlọ asụsụ Caucasian, Svan nwere ọnụ ọgụgụ dị ukwuu nke ụdaume. Ọ nwere nkwekọrịta n'etiti isiokwu na ihe, na usoro morphosyntactic nkewa. A na-eji ngwaa eme ihe maka akụkụ, ihe akaebe na "ụdị". === Ihe ndị pụrụ iche === Svan na-ejigide ụda olu na-enweghị ụda, {{IPA|/qʰ/}}, na glides {{IPA|/w/}} na {{IPA|/j/}}. O nwere ndepụta ụdaume buru ibu karịa Georgian; asụsụ Upper Bal nke Svan nwere ọtụtụ ụdaume nke asụsụ ọ bụla nke South-Caucasian, nwere ma ogologo na mkpirikpi nsụgharị nke {{IPA|/a ɛ i ɔ u æ ø y/}} gbakwunyere {{IPA|/ə eː/}}, ngụkọta nke ụdaume 18 (Georgian, n'ụzọ dị iche, nwere naanị ise). Ọdịdị ya adịghị mma karịa nke asụsụ ụmụnne atọ ndị ọzọ, enwere ọdịiche dị ịrịba ama na Njikọ. == Nbudata == Svan bụ asụsụ ala nke ihe na-erughị 30,000 Svans (15,000 n'ime ha bụ ndị na-asụ asụsụ Upper Svan na 12,000 bụ Lower Svan), bi n'ugwu Svaneti, ya bụ na mpaghara Mestia na Lentekhi nke Georgia, n'akụkụ osimiri Enguri, Tskhenistsqali na Kodori. Ụfọdụ ndị na-asụ Svan bi na Ndagwurugwu Kodori nke mba Abkhazia nwere onwe ya. <ref name="DoBeS">[http://www.mpi.nl/DOBES/projects/svan DoBeS (<u>Do</u>kumentation <u>Be</u>drohter <u>S</u>prachen, Documentation of Endangered Languages)]</ref> bụ ezie na ọnọdụ dị n'ebe ahụ na-eme ka o sie ike ịkọwa ọnụ ọgụgụ ha n'ụzọ a pụrụ ịdabere na ya, enwere naanị atụmatụ na mmadụ 2,500 bi n'ebe wana. A na-eji asụsụ ahụ eme ihe na nkwurịta okwu ọha na eze. <ref>{{Cite book|chapterurl=https://brill.com/view/title/33702|title=Endangered Languages of the Caucasus and Beyond|chapter=Language and emergent literacy in Svaneti|pages=226–243|author=Tuite|first=Kevin|date=2017|location=Montréal|publisher=Brill|isbn=978-90-04-32564-7|editor=Korkmaz}}</ref> nweghị ụkpụrụ edere ede ma ọ bụ ọnọdụ gọọmentị. Ọtụtụ ndị na-asụkwa asụsụ Georgian. A na-ewere asụsụ ahụ dị ka ihe nọ n'ihe ize ndụ, ebe ọ bụ na nkà na ya n'etiti ndị na-eto eto pere mpe. == Akụkọ ihe mere eme == Svan bụ onye kachasị dị iche n'ime asụsụ anọ nke South-Caucasus ma kwenyere na ọ kewara na puku afọ nke abụọ BC ma ọ bụ tupu mgbe ahụ, ihe dị ka otu puku afọ tupu Georgian na [[Asụsụ|Zan]] kewaa site na ibe ha. <ref>{{Cite book|title=Dina Kozhevnikova: Ethnographical Records|publisher=[[Georgian National Museum]]|year=2023|isbn=978-9941-9822-1-7|editor=Kvantidze|location=Tbilisi|author=Margiani|first=Ketevan|chapter=Texts in the Svan Language by Dina Kozhevnikova (Linguistic Analysis)}}</ref> Soviet ethnologist Evdokia Kozhevnikova dere asụsụ Svan n'ụzọ zuru ezu n'oge ọ na-arụ ọrụ n'ọhịa na Svaneti na 1920s na 1930s. == Asụsụ == A na-ekewa asụsụ Svan n'ime asụsụ ndị a: * Upper Svan (ihe dị ka ndị ọkà okwu 15,000) ** Upper Bal: Ushguli, Kala, Ipar, Mulakh, Mestia, Lenzer, Latal. ** Lower Bal: Becho, Tskhumar, Etser, Par, Chubekh, Lakham. * Lower Svan (ihe dị ka ndị na-ekwu okwu 12,000) ** Lashkhian: Lashkh. ** Lentekhi: Lentekhi, Kheled, Khopur, Rtskhmelur, Cholur == Ọmụmụ ụdaolu == === Mkpụrụ okwu === Nkwekọrịta nkwenye nke Svan dị ma ọ bụ karịa ka nke Old Georgian. Ya bụ, tụnyere Modern Georgian, ọal nwekwara /j/, /q/ na /w/, mana fricative labiodental na-apụta naanị dị ka allophone nke /w/ n'olumba Ln. Ọzọkwa, uvula consonants /q/ na /q'/ a ghọtara dị ka ndị mmekọ, ya bụ [q͡χ] na{{IPA|[q͡χʼ]}}.<ref name=":0" /> {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+Mkpụrụ okwu Svan ! colspan="2" | !Akpụkpọ ahụ !Alveolar !Palatal !Velar !Uvular !Mkpịsị aka |- ! colspan="2" |Ụgbọ imi |{{IPA|/m/}} / m/ მ |n {{IPA|/n/}} ნ | | | | |- ! rowspan="3" |Plosive !<small>kwuru okwu</small> |b {{IPA|/b/}} ბ |d {{IPA|/d/}} დ | |g {{IPA|/ɡ/}} გ | | |- !<small>aspirated</small> |p {{IPA|/pʰ/}} ფ |t {{IPA|/tʰ/}} თ | |k {{IPA|/kʰ/}} ქ |{{IPA|/qʰ/}}[Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] | |- !<small>ejective</small> |Ihe omume {{IPA|/pʼ/}} na-akpọ |ṭ {{IPA|/tʼ/}} ტ | |ḳ {{IPA|/kʼ/}} კ |q̇ {{IPA|/qʼ/}} ყ |ʔ {{IPA|/ʔ/}} |- ! rowspan="3" |Africate !<small>kwuru okwu</small> | |ʒ {{IPA|/d͡z/}} ძ |{{IPA|/d͡ʒ/}} /d͡ʒ ჯ/ | | | |- !<small>aspirated</small> | |c {{IPA|/t͡sʰ/}} |č {{IPA|/t͡ʃʰ/}} ჩ | | | |- !<small>ejective</small> | |ċ {{IPA|/t͡sʼ/}} წ |čʼ {{IPA|/t͡ʃʼ/}} ჭ | | | |- ! rowspan="2" |Ihe na-esiri ike !<small>kwuru okwu</small> | (v {{IPA|[v]}} ვ) |z {{IPA|/z/}} ზ |j {{IPA|/ʒ/}} جار | |ɣ {{IPA|/ʁ/}} ღ | |- !<small>enweghị olu</small> | |s {{IPA|/s/}} ს |š {{IPA|/ʃ/}} შ | |x {{IPA|/χ/}} ხ |h {{IPA|/h/}} Chịa |- ! colspan="2" |Ihe atụ |{{IPA|/w/}} /w/უ̂ |l {{IPA|/l/}} ლ |na {{IPA|/j/}} way | | | |- ! colspan="2" |Ihe na-atọ ụtọ | |r {{IPA|/r/}} რ | | | | |} === Mkpụrụedemede === Nchịkọta ụdaume nke Svan dịgasị iche n'etiti olumba dị iche iche. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, ụdaume ogologo Proto-Svan na-apụta na asụsụ Upper Bal, Cholur na Lashkh, mana efunahụla ya na asụsụ Lentekh na Lower Bal. {{IPA|/œ/}} jiri ya tụnyere Georgian, Svan nwekwara ụdaume dị elu {{IPA|/ə/}} (nke a na-eme ka ọ bụrụ {{IPA|[ɯ]~[ɨ]}}), ụdaume dị ala n'ihu {{IPA|/æ/}} (ma e wezụga Lashkh) na ụdaume dị gburugburu n'ihu -œ/ na {{IPA|/y/}} (ma ewezuga Lashkh). <ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|author=Tuite|first=Kevin|date=2020|title=The Svan language|url=https://www.academia.edu/37393637|journal=Manuscript}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFTuite2020">Tuite, Kevin (2020). [https://www.academia.edu/37393637 "The Svan language"]. ''Manuscript''.</cite></ref> na-ahụkarị ụdaume ndị gbara gburugburu n'ihu dị ka diphthongs {{IPA|[we]}} na {{IPA|[wi]}} ya mere mgbe ụfọdụ anaghị emeso ha dị ka ụdaume dị iche iche. {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" ! rowspan="3" | ! colspan="4" |N'ihu ! colspan="2" rowspan="2" |Central ! colspan="2" rowspan="2" |Ịlaghachi azụ |- ! colspan="2" |unrounded ! colspan="2" |gbara gburugburu |- !dị mkpirikpi !ogologo oge !dị mkpirikpi !ogologo oge !dị mkpirikpi !ogologo oge !dị mkpirikpi !ogologo oge |- !N'akụkụ |{{IPA|/i/}}/i/იi<br /><br /> |{{IPA|/iː/}}/iː/̄იī<br /><br /> |{{IPA|/y/}}, ngọrọ<br /><br /> |{{IPA|/yː/}}[Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji]<br /><br /> | | |{{IPA|/u/}}/u/უu<br /><br /> |{{IPA|/uː/}}/uː/უ̄ū<br /><br /> |- !N'etiti etiti |{{IPA|/e/}}/e/e<br /><br /> |{{IPA|/eː/}}__hau____hau____hau__<br /><br /> | | | rowspan="2" |{{IPA|/ə/}}[nke dị ala]<br /><br /> | rowspan="2" |{{IPA|/əː/}}[Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji]<br /><br /> | | |- !N'etiti oghere | | |{{IPA|/œ/}}[Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji]<br /><br /> |{{IPA|/œː/}}/œː/ო̄̈ō<br /><br /> |{{IPA|/ɔ/}}/ɔ/ოo<br /><br /> |{{IPA|/ɔː/}}/ɔː/ო̄ō<br /><br /> |- !Emeghe |{{IPA|/æ/}}/æ/ა̈ä<br /><br /> |{{IPA|/æː/}}/æː/ა̄̈ā̈ā<br /><br /> | | | | |{{IPA|/ɑ/}}/ɑ/აa<br /><br /> |{{IPA|/ɑː/}}/ɑː/ა̄ā<br /><br /> |} === Mkpụrụ akwụkwọ === [[Usòrò:Road_sign_in_Svan_language,_Tvebishi_village,_late_October_2020.jpg|thumb|Ihe ịrịba ama okporo ụzọ n'asụsụ Svan, nke nwere naanị mkpụrụedemede Svan, na ụdị romanized]] Mkpụrụ akwụkwọ ahụ, nke e sere n'elu, yiri Mkpụrụ akwụkwọ Mingrelian, yana mkpụrụ akwụkwọ ole na ole ndị ọzọ na-adịghịzi adị na mkpụrụ akwụkwọ Georgian: <ref>{{Cite web|title=Svan alphabet, language and prounciation|url=https://www.omniglot.com/writing/svan.htm|accessdate=2023-10-13|work=www.omniglot.com}}</ref> * Ọdịdị {{IPA|[f]}} * N'ịbụ onye na-ejikarị eme ihe * Isi {{IPA|/ʔ/}} * Ọdịdị {{IPA|/j/}} * Nkwupụta {{IPA|/w/}} * Ọdịda Anyanwụ * {{IPA|/eː/}}'ihi ya, anyị na-aṅụrị ọṅụṅụ A na-agbakwunye akara ngosi na ụdaume (umlaut maka ụdaume ihu na macron maka ogologo), ọ bụ ezie na anaghị ede nke ahụ. Ihe odide ndị ahụ * Okpukpu ("wi") {{IPA|/y/}} * Ihe a na-akpọ "anyị") {{IPA|/œ/}} a na-eji n'asụsụ Lower Bal na Lentekh, na mgbe ụfọdụ na Upper Bal; ụda ndị a anaghị apụta na asụsụ Lashkh. == Edensibia == === Ihe edeturu === {{Reflist}} === Nkwupụta n'ozuzu === * {{Cite book|title=Upper Svan: Grammar and texts|author=Palmaitis|first=Mykolas Letas|publisher=Mokslas|year=1986|location=Vilnius}} * {{Cite book|title=Die swanische Sprache (Teil I: Phonologie, Morphonologie, Morphologie des Nomens; Teil II: Morphologie des Verbs, Verbal-nomen, Udeteroi)|author=Oniani|first=Aleksandre|publisher=Friedrich-Schiller-Universität|year=2005|location=Jena}} * {{Cite book|url=https://www.webdepot.umontreal.ca/Usagers/tuitekj/MonDepotPublic/publications/2018-Svan-grammatical-sketch-Tuite.pdf|title=Svan|author=Tuite|first=Kevin|publisher=LINCOM-Europa|series=Languages of the World, Materials, vol. 139|year=1997|isbn=978-3895861543|location=Munich}} == Njikọ mpụga ==   * [http://titus.fkidg1.uni-frankfurt.de/armazi/armaziII/svan/svan.htm Svan na nchekwa data TITUS] * ECLING - Svan (na-agụnye ihe nkiri / vidiyo). * [http://www.omniglot.com/writing/svan.htm Mkpụrụ akwụkwọ Svan na asụsụ] na Omniglot * [https://web.archive.org/web/20140327222707/http://www.svanbib.eu/up/files/Svan_Youth_Literature_2013.pdf Akwụkwọ ndị ntorobịa Svan n'asụsụ Svan] * [https://doreco.huma-num.fr/languages/svan1243 Svan DoReCo corpus] nke Jost Gippert chịkọtara. Ihe ndekọ ọdịyo nke ederede akụkọ, na transcriptions oge-dabere na ọkwa ekwentị na nsụgharị. * [https://titus.fkidg1.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/caucasica/svanica/gelvan.htm Ihe ndekọ Svan (Lashkh Dialect) na ihe ngosi ọdịyo]. {{Kartvelian languages}}{{Languages of Georgia (country)}}{{Languages of the Caucasus}}{{Georgia (country) topics}}{{authority control}}n'elu, yiri Mkpụrụ akwụkwọ Mingrelian, yana mkpụrụ akwụkwọ ole na ole ndị ọzọ na-adịghịzi adị na mkpụrụ akwụkwọ [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 9cypaxn7zyjhux25t5n8fwtehy4ywns 0 38052 644075 212496 2026-05-30T15:24:26Z Mirah50 16972 Fixed reference errors 644075 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Tariku Birhanu''' ({{lang-am|ታሪኩ ብርሃኑ}}; 1983 – 10 Disemba 2022), makwaara aha ogbo aha Baba, bụ onye omere na onye ntụzi ihe nkiri Etiopia. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ ihe dị ka iri anọ fim ndị dị mkpa Hiwot Ena Sak, Kebad Mizan, Wondime Yakob na Ye’Arada Lij. Na 10 Disemba 2022, Tariku nwụrụ site na ọrịa a na-amaghị ama mgbe ọ dị afọ 38. <ref>{{Cite web|date=2022-12-12|title=Artist Tariku Berhanu's body laid to rest in Addis Ababa Holy Trinity Cathedral|url=https://www.fanabc.com/english/artist-tariku-berhanus-body-laid-to-rest-in-addis-ababa-holy-trinity-cathedral/|accessdate=2023-07-29|work=Welcome to Fana Broadcasting Corporate S.C|language=en-US}}</ref> mere emume olili ozu ya na Holy Trinity Cathedral na 12 Disemba, ọtụtụ ndị ama ama na ndị ikwu gosipụtara na ihe omume ahụ. Nwa ya nwoke, na nwunye ya bụ onye na-eme ihe nkiri a ma ama aha ya bụ Kalkidan Tibebu hapụrụ ya. == Ndụ == A mụrụ Tariku Birhanu na 1983 (dị ka ụfọdụ isi mmalite si kwuo) na [[Addis Ababa]], Ethiopia, ọ bụ ezie na akụkọ ọnwụ gọọmentị ekwughị kpọmkwem ụbọchị ọmụmụ ya. Ọ malitere ọrụ ime ihe nkiri n'oge ọ dị afọ, site na ime ihe nkiri ruo na iduzi, nke mere ka ọ bụrụ onye a ma ama na ụlọ ọrụ ihe nkiri nke Etiopia. Tariku sonyere na ihe nkiri 40 gụnyere Laundry Boy, Love na Facebook, The Engineers, ''Kebad Mizan'', Abat Hager, ''Martreza'', Wondime Yakob, na ''Ye"Arada Lij''. Ọ kwadoro mkpọsa nke Eye Bank of Ethiopia, na-etinye aka na ọrụ ebere n'ime nzukọ ahụ. Tariku lụrụ onye na-eme ihe nkiri Kalkidan Tibebu, onye o nwere nwa nwoke dị afọ isii. Onye nta akụkọ Tadias Addis Seifu Fantahun kwupụtara <ref>{{Cite web|date=2022-12-12|title=Artist Tariku Birhanu Biography|url=https://www.addisgo.com/kana/watch.php?vid=7d12d349d|accessdate=2023-07-29|work=www.addisgo.com}}</ref> di na nwunye ahụ agbasaala mmekọrịta ha, nwatakịrị ahụ na nne ya biri n'ihi ọrịa Tariku. == Ọnwụ == Na 10 Disemba 2022, Tariku nwụrụ na [[Addis Ababa]] site na ọrịa a na-amaghị ama. O nwere ọrịa na-eyi ndụ egwu nke kpatara nsogbu. N'oge ọ nwụrụ, nwa ya nwoke hapụrụ ya. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Account|date=2022-12-11|title=Tariku Berhanu (Baba),Young Ethiopian film actor, died|url=https://borkena.com/2022/12/11/tariku-berhanu-baba-young-ethiopian-film-actordied/|accessdate=2023-07-29|work=Borkena Ethiopian News|language=en-US}}</ref>'abalị iri na abụọ n'ọnwa Disemba, e mere mmemme nke ọma maka Tariku na Ụlọ Egwuregwu Mba Etiopia ma mee emume olili ozu na Katidral Holy Trinity . <ref>{{Cite web|date=2022-12-11|title=Artist Tariku Birhanu 'Baba' Passes Away – Ethiopian Monitor|url=https://ethiopianmonitor.com/2022/12/11/artist-tariku-birhanu-baba-passes-away/|accessdate=2023-07-29|language=en-US}}</ref> Ndị <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|date=2023-03-18|title=Wedaj: A Last Testament Of Tariku (Baba) Birhanu's Legacy {{!}} The Reporter {{!}} Latest Ethiopian News Today|url=https://www.thereporterethiopia.com/32176/|accessdate=2023-07-29|work=www.thereporterethiopia.com|language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://www.thereporterethiopia.com/32176/ "Wedaj: A Last Testament Of Tariku (Baba) Birhanu's Legacy | The Reporter | Latest Ethiopian News Today"]. ''www.thereporterethiopia.com''. 2023-03-18<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-07-29</span></span>.</cite></ref> ma ama n'ọrụ dị iche iche gara ememe olili ozu ya. Ọrụ Tariku nyere aka n'ụzọ dị ukwuu n'ọtụtụ onyinye dịka Leza Awards. <ref name=":0" /> mechara mepụta ihe nkiri ya na 6 Machị 2023 nke Eliana Film Productions mepụtara, ebe Tariku gosipụtara dị ka onye na-eme ihe nkiri ya yana ndị ọzọ dị ka Dereje Hailu, Cherenet Fikadu, Nuhamin Meseret, Mihiret Tadesse. == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} lvlykepdzq9i3ilvwvu4gelha2zrn9v 0 38078 644598 153230 2026-05-31T10:10:56Z ~2026-32314-82 62081 Fixed reference errors 644598 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|image=|caption=}} '''Tahani Rached''' bụ onye na-eme ihe nkiri Ndị Canada na Egypt. A maara ya nke ọma maka ọrụ ya Four Women of Egypt . Ọ duziri ihe karịrị ihe nkiri 20 n'ọrụ ya. <ref name="Hillauer" /> == Ndụ na ọrụ == A mụrụ Tahani Rached na Mee 16, 1947, na Cairo, Egypt. N'afọ 1966, ọ kwagara Montreal iji chụsoo ihe osise. <ref name="Hillauer">{{Cite book|author=Hillauer|first=Rebecca|title=Encyclopedia of Arab women filmmakers|date=2005|publisher=American University in Cairo Press|location=Cairo, Egypt|isbn=9789774249433|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yv1BH5Wz-ekC&pg=PA105|accessdate=14 December 2015}}</ref> bụ nwa akwụkwọ na École des beaux-arts de Montréal ebe ọ gụrụ ihe osise ruo afọ abụọ. <ref name="Hottell">{{Cite book|author=Hottell|first=Ruth|title=French-speaking women documentarians : a guide|date=2005|publisher=P.Lang|location=New York|isbn=9780820476148|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2C2wzBbTzfQC&pg=PA23|accessdate=14 December 2015}}</ref> malitere itinye aka na obodo ma si otú a, ọ tụgharịrị gaa n'ime ihe nkiri. Ndị Canada National Film Board goro ya ọrụ dị ka onye na-eme ihe nkiri na 1981. Otú ọ dị, Rached hapụrụ Film Boar.d na 2004 ịlaghachi Egypt ime ihe nkiri. <ref name="National">{{Cite web|title=Tahani Rached, a committed filmmaker|url=https://www.nfb.ca/playlist/tahani-rached/|work=National Film Board of Canada|accessdate=18 December 2015}}</ref> N'afọ 2023, a kpọrọ ya onye natara Prix Albert-Tessier maka ihe ọ rụzuru n'ọrụ ya. <ref>Jean Siag, [https://www.lapresse.ca/arts/2023-10-26/quebec-devoile-les-laureats-des-prix-du-quebec.php "Québec dévoile les lauréats des Prix du Québec"]. ''[[La Presse (Canadian newspaper)|La Presse]]'', October 26, 2023.</ref> == Ihe nkiri ndị a họọrọ == * [[Pour faire changement (To Make a Change)|Iji mee mgbanwe (To Make a Change)]] - 1973 * ''Ebe Dollars Na-eto n'Oké Osisi (Les voleurs de travail) '' - 1980 * Egwu na-ewe iwe - 1982 * Beirut! Ọnwụ Enweghị Ogologo - 1983 * ''[[Haïti (Québec)|Haiti (Quebec)]]'' - 1985 * ''[[Bam Pay A! Rends-moi mon pays|Bam Na-akwụ A! Nyeghachi m ala m]]'' - 1986 * ''[[Haïti, Nous là! Nou la!|Haiti, Anyị nọ ebe ahụ! Ọ dị ọhụrụ!]]'' - 1987 * ''[[N'ụlọ oriri na ọṅụṅụ pop]]'' - 1990 * ''[[Doctors with Heart|Ndị dọkịta nwere obi]]'' - 1993 * ''[[Emergency! A Critical Situation|Mberede! Ọnọdụ Dị Oké Mkpa]]'' - 1999 * ''[[Ụmụ nwanyị anọ nke Ijipt]]'' - 1997 * ''[[For a Song|Maka Abụ]]'' - 2001 * ''[[Soraida, a Woman of Palestine|Soraida, Nwaanyị nke Palestine]]'' - 2004 * ''[[El-Banate Dol|Ụmụ agbọghọ Ndị A]]'' - 2005 * ''[[Giran (ihe nkiri)|Ndị agbata obi]]'' - 2007 == Edensibia == <references /> == Njikọ mpụga == * [https://www.nfb.ca/playlist/tahani-rached/ Tahani Rached] na National Film Board nke Canada * [http://femfilm.ca/director_search.php?director=tahani-rached&lang=e Tahani Rached] na Canadian Women Film Directors Database * Tahani RachednaIMDb {{Authority control}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] alzd9qyrxe9ee4bktyy9ztx8rmklwz8 0 38167 644082 153323 2026-05-30T15:32:44Z Mirah50 16972 Fixed reference errors 644082 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}  <ref>{{Cite web|title=Sanou Kollo Daniel – Producer – Director – Scriptwriter|url=http://www.africine.org/?menu=fiche&no=4894|language=French|accessdate=1 October 2019|work=africine.org}}</ref>'''Tasuma''' bụ ihe nkiri na-atọ ọchị nke afọ 2004 nke Kollo Daniel Sanou duziri, dere ma ili nke na-akọ njikọ onye agha Burkinabé nke lụrụ ọgụ maka France na mba ọzọ na-alaghachi n'obodo ya. == Atụmatụ == Sogo (Mamadou Zerbo) bụ onye agha a na-alụ ogụ maka France na Agha mmetụta nke ọgụ na Agha Indochina . N'ihi obi ike na obi mmiri ya n'agha, Sogo enwetawo aha njirimara Tasuma (ọkụ) ma ghara ịtụ egwu onye ọ bụla, gụnyere ndị ọrụ gọọmentị. <ref name="NYT" /> bụkwa onye nwere obi ọma na obi ọma, o kwela ụmụ nwanyị nke obodo ya nkwa na ha ga-eji ụgwọ ezumike nká ndị agha ọ nwetara. Mgbe ọ na-alọta n'obodo ya mgbe ọ bụ nwata, Sogo chọpụtara na ya enweghị ike ịnweta ezumike nká ya. Mgbe ọtụtụ afọ nke ịjụ ego nke <ref>{{Cite web|title=Tasuma|url=https://www.africanfilmny.org/2012/tasuma/|publisher=African Film Festival|accessdate=28 September 2023}}</ref> nke ya n'ụzọ ziri ezi gasịrị, Sogo ji égbè n'aka laghachi n'obodo ya. Mgb<ref>{{Cite web|title=Tasuma|url=http://www.africanfilm.com/tasuma.html|work=African Films.com|accessdate=28 September 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200128085957/https://www.africanfilm.com/tasuma.html|archivedate=2020-01-28}}</ref> e zigara ha n'ụlọ mkpọrọ, ụmụ nwanyị obodo ahụ gbakọtara maka ka a tọhapụ Sogo. == Ndị na-eme ihe nkiri == * Mamadou Zerbo (as Sogo) * Aï Keïta * Noufou Ouédraogo (as Papa) * Besani Raoul Kjalil * Serges Henri * Safiatou Sanou * Sonia Karen Sanou * Stanislas Soré == Isiokwu == <ref>{{Cite web|title=Tasuma le Feu|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/africa/fespaco2005/about_films/west_africa/feu.shtml|publisher=BBC|date=|accessdate=2 October 2019}}</ref> bụ ezie na ọ bụ ihe ọchị, ihe nkiri ahụ nwere isiokwu dị egwu nke ọtụtụ puku ndị agha Afrịka lụrụ ọgụ maka France na nnukwu agha nke narị afọ nke 21 mana enwetaghị nkwenye ma ọ bụ nkwụghachi ha kwesịrị. == nnabata == Ndị nkatọ nabatara ihe nkiri ahụ nke ọma, na otuto gị maka ị na-egosi Mamadou Zerbo dị ka Sogo. Onye na- ihe nkiri nkiri Dave Kehr kwuru na onye nduzi ihe nkiri Sanou nwere obi ụtọ na ihe nkiri ya laghachiri azụ na ihe nkiri ochie nke ihe nkiri Africa dị ka isiokwu ọdịnala na ọnọdụ nke obodo a ma ama na-emegide ụwa rụrụ arụ. <ref name="NYT">{{Cite web|title=FILM IN REVIEW; 'Tasuma, the Fighter'|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2004/07/30/movies/film-in-review-tasuma-the-fighter.html|first=Dave|author=Kehr|work=[[The New York Times]]|date=July 30, 2004|accessdate=October 1, 2019}}</ref> A tọhapụrụ Tasuma na US na DVD na 2007 dị ka ihe abụọ na ihe nkiri Burkinabé ọzọ, Sia, le rêve du python . <ref>[https://www.amazon.com/Great-African-Films-Vol-Fighter/dp/B000RW630C Amazon.com page for DVD release]</ref> == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == njirimara Tasuma (ọkụ) ma ghara ịtụ egwu onye ọ bụla, gụnyere ndị ọrụ gọọmentị. bụkwa * {{IMDb title|tt0423325}} hs2h57s8qc9n3dct2bnq9ccb6zqrgoq 0 38318 644274 154967 2026-05-30T20:16:26Z Wikipedian12512(alt) 61413 ce 644274 wikitext text/x-wiki Ane Pérez Etxeberria ( 25 Ọktoba 1994), nke a na-akpọ Puyi, bụ onye egwuregwu eji Spen na-egwu egwu dị ka onye na-ahụ Eibar. == Ọrụ klọb == <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.txapeldunak.com/cas/futbol_femenino/jugadora.asp?id=3787|title=Puyi|publisher=Txapeldunak|accessdate=31 October 2021}}</ref>Puyi akụkọ ya na Oiartzun == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}}{{SD Eibar (women) squad}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 2g6f48rgcjnbl9ftxs0qdyqhqwxwtr3 0 38402 644093 153740 2026-05-30T15:46:46Z Geraldine Kene 23189 Fixed reference error 644093 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|image=|party=[[All Progressive Congress|APC]]|country=Nigeria}} '''Zainab Gimba''' bụ onye ndọrọndọrọ ọchịchị Naịjirịa. A hoputara ya n'ulo omebe iwu Naijiria dika onye ndoro-ndoro ochichi nke otu pati [[All Progressives Congress|APC]] na ntuli aka etiti Bama/Ngala/Kala Balge, [[Ȯra Borno|Borno State]] . <ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-07-18|title=Reps raise alarm over plight of IDPs|url=https://punchng.com/reps-raise-alarm-over-plight-of-idps/|accessdate=2022-02-21|work=Punch Newspapers|language=en-US}}</ref> Ọ bụ onye otu ndị omeiwu Commonwealth na-akwado maka nnọchite anya na idobe nha anya nwoke na nwanyị. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=National Assembly {{!}} Federal Republic of Nigeria|url=https://www.nassnig.org/mps/single/127|accessdate=7 November 2020|work=www.nassnig.org}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://www.nassnig.org/mps/single/127 "National Assembly | Federal Republic of Nigeria"]. ''www.nassnig.org''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 November</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> <ref name=":1" /> == Agụmakwụkwọ == Zainab nwere BS.c na Public Administration. Ọ gakwara n'ihu n'agụmakwụkwọ ya wee nweta akara ugo mmụta Master na nchịkwa ọha. O nwere PhD na nchịkwa ọha na nyocha amụma. <ref name=":0" /> == Ọrụ == Oge 2011 ruo 2014, ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka Hon. Kọmishọna na-ahụ maka mbelata ịda ogbenye na inye ndị ntorobịa ume na Borno steeti. Ọ rụkwara ọrụ dịka Hon. Commissioner Borno State Universal Basic Education Board site na 2014 ruo 2015. A họpụtara ya ka Hon. Commissioner Ministry of Water Resources Borno State na 2015 wee jee ozi rue 2018. N'oge ogbako omebe iwu Commonwealth nke 64 (CPC) na Speke Resort Munyonyo, Kampala na 2019, a họpụtara Zainab onye osote onye isi oche nke mpaghara Commonwealth Women Parliamentarian (CWP) Africa. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web|date=25 September 2019|title=Nigerian lawmaker elected vice-chairperson Commonwealth Women in Parliament|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/top-news/354297-nigerian-lawmaker-elected-vice-chairperson-commonwealth-women-in-parliament.html|accessdate=7 November 2020|language=en-GB}}</ref> == Ihe nrite == * Asambodo Merit Award nke National Youth Service Corps (NYSC) Yobe steeti na-akwado maka ọmarịcha ọrụ ya na CDS na ọrụ izizi, 2000. * Ihe nrite nke onye ndu kacha mma nke ụlọ ọgbakọ Rotary nke Maiduguri, Eprel 2018 * Award nke kacha mma site n'aka ụmụ akwụkwọ Ngala (NGALSA) maka ọrụ enyemaka ya. Eprel 29, 2018. * Ihe nrite nke West Africa Water Expo maka nkwado ya na West Africa WAWE Expo 2018. == Edensibia == <references /> == Njikọ mpụga == * [http://www.africawomannig.com/2019/10/07/meet-nigerian-female-representative-per-excellence-honourable-dr-zainab-gimba/ AKWỤKWỌ DR.] [http://www.africawomannig.com/2019/10/07/meet-nigerian-female-representative-per-excellence-honourable-dr-zainab-gimba/ ZAINAB GIMBA] * [https://www.thtimesnews.com/blog/borno-s-only-female-legislator-shares-318-vehicles-1-692-empowerment-tools Naanị otu nwanyị onye omebe iwu nke Borno na-eketa ụgbọ ala 318, ngwa ike 1,692 nye ndị mejupụtara.] * [https://www.premiumtimesng.com/regional/nnorth-east/289441-bornos-only-female-apc-candidate-speaks-on-rough-road-to-victory-at-primary.html Naanị otu nwanyị na-azọ ọkwa APC na Borno na-ekwu okwu n'ụzọ ọjọọ iji nweta mmeri.] [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 8447ex450p8xwh4qhooffrsb9oa4ji5 0 38411 644048 153749 2026-05-30T14:24:15Z Chiziqa 13055 Fixed reference error 644048 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}  Ummi Ibrahim bụ onye na-eme ihe nkiri na Kannywood bụ onye ama ama na ihe nkiri na-ezo ebe obibi aha ya Zeezee. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Online|first=Tribune|date=20 September 2017|title=6 High-flying Kannywood actresses|url=https://tribuneonlineng.com/6-high-flying-kannywood-actresses/|accessdate=6 August 2022|work=Tribune Online|language=en-GB}}</ref> <ref name=":1" /> == Ọrụ == Enwere akwụkwọ gbasara onye na-eme ihe nkiri na ụlọ ọrụ dịka ọ na-ekwu na ọ ka mma. Nke a kpalitere omume n'etiti ndị otu ya omume ọ hapụrụ ya na Kannywood na 2006. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Lere|first=Mohammed|date=29 April 2017|title=Supremacy Tussle in Kannywood: Umma Shehu blasts Ummi ZeeZee, says she's a small fry|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/kannywood/229934-supremacy-tussle-kannywood-umma-shehu-blasts-ummi-zeezee-says-shes-small-fry.html|accessdate=6 August 2022|work=Premium Times Nigeria|language=en-GB}}</ref> == Ndụ onwe onye == A iwu kepu Ummi na ya na onye bụbu onye isi ala ahụ bụ General Ibrahim Babangida . O kwuputara na ha ka bụ enyi na ikpe ya na akwụkwọ ozi gbara ya.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Okonofua|first=Odion|date=17 May 2021|title=Kannywood actress Ummi Ibrahim says former Head of State General Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida was her boyfriend|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/celebrities/kannywood-actress-ummi-ibrahim-says-former-head-of-state-general-ibrahim-badamasi/n4pqvp6|accessdate=6 August 2022|work=Pulse Nigeria}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=Ummi ZeeZee: Gen. Ibrahim Babangida was my boyfriend - P.M. News|url=https://pmnewsnigeria.com/2021/05/15/ummi-zeezee-gen-ibrahim-babangida-was-my-boyfriend/|accessdate=6 August 2022|language=en-US}}</ref> Onye na-eme ihe nkiri Nollywood bụkwa enyi nwanyị [[Timaya]], onye egwu si Benue steeti. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Jaafar|first=Jaafar|date=8 April 2018|title=Dating Timaya my greatest regret in life – Ummi Zee-Zee|url=https://dailynigerian.com/dating-timaya-my-greatest-regret-in-life-ummi-zee-zee/|accessdate=6 August 2022|work=Daily Nigerian|language=en-GB}}</ref> <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|date=6 April 2021|title=Kannywood's Ummi Ibrahim: I contemplated suicide after being duped of N450m|url=http://lifestyle.thecable.ng/kannywoods-ummi-ibrahim-i-contemplated-suicide-after-being-duped-of-n450m/|accessdate=6 August 2022|work=TheCable Lifestyle|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=Actress Ummi Zee-Zee shares suicidal post on social media - Ripples Nigeria|url=https://www.ripplesnigeria.com/actress-ummi-zee-zee-shares-suicidal-post-on-social-media/?amp|accessdate=6 August 2022|work=www.ripplesnigeria.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|author=Okonofua|first=Odion|date=6 April 2021|title=Kannywood actress Ummi Ibrahim recounts how she was duped of N450M by fraudster|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/celebrities/kannywood-actress-ummi-ibrahim-recounts-how-she-was-duped-of-n450m-by-fraudster/68x1c62|accessdate=6 August 2022|work=Pulse Nigeria}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|author=Blueprint|date=9 April 2021|title=I once contemplated suicide – Ummi Ibrahim Zee Zee|url=https://www.blueprint.ng/i-once-contemplated-suicide-ummi-ibrahim-zee-zee/|accessdate=6 August 2022|work=Blueprint Newspapers|language=en-US}}</ref>A ghọgburu onye na-eme ihe nkiri nke nde 450 nke ndị wayo mgbe otu nwoke mere ka ọ bụrụ onye onye ọchụnta ego wetara akara aha. Ndị na-akwado ya na ndị ọrụ ibe ya kasiri ya obi m. ọ tụ igbu onwe ya mgbe ihe ahụ mechara. Ummi ji onwe ya nganga na ọ naghị etinye etemeete ebe ọ bụ na ịma mma ya zuru oke. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Iheanacho|first=Onyinyechi|date=2 August 2021|title="I don't put on make-up because of how beautiful I was created" – Kannywood actress, Ummi Zee Zee|url=https://neptuneprime.com.ng/2021/08/02/i-dont-put-on-make-up-because-of-how-beautiful-i-was-created-kannywood-actress-ummi-zee-zee/|accessdate=6 August 2022|work=Neptune Prime|language=en-US}}</ref> == Ihe nkiri == * Ebe <ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=Zee-Zee: The rise and rise of Jinsi queen|url=https://www.thenigerianvoice.com/amp/movie/18640/zee-zee-the-rise-and-rise-of-jinsi-queen.html|accessdate=8 August 2022|work=www.thenigerianvoice.com}}</ref> * Ọkọlọtọ ịhụnanya * Yan uwa * Gambiza * okike == Hụkwa == * [[Hadiza Aliyu|Hadizu Aliyu]] * [[Halima Atete|Halimah Atete]] * [[Hauwa Maina]] == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] htp4vpd4siq36j2s4i3dn0li16qsivi 644049 644048 2026-05-30T14:24:17Z KiranBOT 25138 removed AMP tracking from URLs ([[:m:User:KiranBOT/AMP|details]]) ([[User talk:Usernamekiran|report error]]) v2.2.9s 644049 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}  Ummi Ibrahim bụ onye na-eme ihe nkiri na Kannywood bụ onye ama ama na ihe nkiri na-ezo ebe obibi aha ya Zeezee. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Online|first=Tribune|date=20 September 2017|title=6 High-flying Kannywood actresses|url=https://tribuneonlineng.com/6-high-flying-kannywood-actresses/|accessdate=6 August 2022|work=Tribune Online|language=en-GB}}</ref> <ref name=":1" /> == Ọrụ == Enwere akwụkwọ gbasara onye na-eme ihe nkiri na ụlọ ọrụ dịka ọ na-ekwu na ọ ka mma. Nke a kpalitere omume n'etiti ndị otu ya omume ọ hapụrụ ya na Kannywood na 2006. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Lere|first=Mohammed|date=29 April 2017|title=Supremacy Tussle in Kannywood: Umma Shehu blasts Ummi ZeeZee, says she's a small fry|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/kannywood/229934-supremacy-tussle-kannywood-umma-shehu-blasts-ummi-zeezee-says-shes-small-fry.html|accessdate=6 August 2022|work=Premium Times Nigeria|language=en-GB}}</ref> == Ndụ onwe onye == A iwu kepu Ummi na ya na onye bụbu onye isi ala ahụ bụ General Ibrahim Babangida . O kwuputara na ha ka bụ enyi na ikpe ya na akwụkwọ ozi gbara ya.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Okonofua|first=Odion|date=17 May 2021|title=Kannywood actress Ummi Ibrahim says former Head of State General Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida was her boyfriend|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/celebrities/kannywood-actress-ummi-ibrahim-says-former-head-of-state-general-ibrahim-badamasi/n4pqvp6|accessdate=6 August 2022|work=Pulse Nigeria}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=Ummi ZeeZee: Gen. Ibrahim Babangida was my boyfriend - P.M. News|url=https://pmnewsnigeria.com/2021/05/15/ummi-zeezee-gen-ibrahim-babangida-was-my-boyfriend/|accessdate=6 August 2022|language=en-US}}</ref> Onye na-eme ihe nkiri Nollywood bụkwa enyi nwanyị [[Timaya]], onye egwu si Benue steeti. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Jaafar|first=Jaafar|date=8 April 2018|title=Dating Timaya my greatest regret in life – Ummi Zee-Zee|url=https://dailynigerian.com/dating-timaya-my-greatest-regret-in-life-ummi-zee-zee/|accessdate=6 August 2022|work=Daily Nigerian|language=en-GB}}</ref> <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|date=6 April 2021|title=Kannywood's Ummi Ibrahim: I contemplated suicide after being duped of N450m|url=http://lifestyle.thecable.ng/kannywoods-ummi-ibrahim-i-contemplated-suicide-after-being-duped-of-n450m/|accessdate=6 August 2022|work=TheCable Lifestyle|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=Actress Ummi Zee-Zee shares suicidal post on social media - Ripples Nigeria|url=https://www.ripplesnigeria.com/actress-ummi-zee-zee-shares-suicidal-post-on-social-media/?amp|accessdate=6 August 2022|work=www.ripplesnigeria.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|author=Okonofua|first=Odion|date=6 April 2021|title=Kannywood actress Ummi Ibrahim recounts how she was duped of N450M by fraudster|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/celebrities/kannywood-actress-ummi-ibrahim-recounts-how-she-was-duped-of-n450m-by-fraudster/68x1c62|accessdate=6 August 2022|work=Pulse Nigeria}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|author=Blueprint|date=9 April 2021|title=I once contemplated suicide – Ummi Ibrahim Zee Zee|url=https://www.blueprint.ng/i-once-contemplated-suicide-ummi-ibrahim-zee-zee/|accessdate=6 August 2022|work=Blueprint Newspapers|language=en-US}}</ref>A ghọgburu onye na-eme ihe nkiri nke nde 450 nke ndị wayo mgbe otu nwoke mere ka ọ bụrụ onye onye ọchụnta ego wetara akara aha. Ndị na-akwado ya na ndị ọrụ ibe ya kasiri ya obi m. ọ tụ igbu onwe ya mgbe ihe ahụ mechara. Ummi ji onwe ya nganga na ọ naghị etinye etemeete ebe ọ bụ na ịma mma ya zuru oke. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Iheanacho|first=Onyinyechi|date=2 August 2021|title="I don't put on make-up because of how beautiful I was created" – Kannywood actress, Ummi Zee Zee|url=https://neptuneprime.com.ng/2021/08/02/i-dont-put-on-make-up-because-of-how-beautiful-i-was-created-kannywood-actress-ummi-zee-zee/|accessdate=6 August 2022|work=Neptune Prime|language=en-US}}</ref> == Ihe nkiri == * Ebe <ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=Zee-Zee: The rise and rise of Jinsi queen|url=https://www.thenigerianvoice.com/movie/18640/zee-zee-the-rise-and-rise-of-jinsi-queen.html|accessdate=8 August 2022|work=www.thenigerianvoice.com}}</ref> * Ọkọlọtọ ịhụnanya * Yan uwa * Gambiza * okike == Hụkwa == * [[Hadiza Aliyu|Hadizu Aliyu]] * [[Halima Atete|Halimah Atete]] * [[Hauwa Maina]] == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] fguc8ex110feu5i1nt8r2c8d1157lx0 0 38415 643987 186911 2026-05-30T13:07:44Z Chiziqa 13055 Fixed reference error 643987 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}  '''Uduak Isong Oguamanam''' {{Audio|Ig-Uduak_Isong_Oguamanam.ogg|audio}} {{Audio|Ig-Uduak Isong Oguamanam.ogg|listen}} bụ onye Naijiria Nollywood scriptwriter, onye ikike na onye ọchụnta ego <ref>{{Cite web|date=13 March 2022|title=My new film to provoke conversations on gender roles –Uduak Isong|url=https://punchng.com/my-new-film-to-provoke-conversations-on-gender-roles-uduak-isong/|accessdate=1 August 2022|work=Punch Newspapers|language=en-US}}</ref> dabere na Lagos, Nigeria. A mara ya nke ọma maka ihe nkiri ihe nkiri Okon Lago s (2011) na usoro ya Okon Goes To School (2013), ''Lost In London'' (2017), na ''Desperate Housegirls'' (2015). Falling (ihe nkiri) (2015) bụ ihe nkiri mbụ nke Isong Oguamanam n'okpuru ụlọ ọrụ ya, Closer Pictures, nke isi na Lagos, Nigeria. == Ndụ mmalite na agụmakwụkwọ == Oguamanam si Akwa Ibom State, South-South Nigeria . Ọ akụkọ Chidi Oguamanam, dibia bekee. Nwanne ya bụ onye isi Nollywood na onye na-ahụ Emem Isong Misodi. Isong Oguamanam akwụkwọ akwụkwọ nzi ozi na aha Rọshịa na mahadum nke Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria. O nwere nzere masta na saịtị Media na Society ọhụrụ na Mahadum Leicester . O foto diplọma na French si Alliance Francaiein, Lagos, Nigeria.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|date=4 February 2015|title="17 Things You Didn't Know About Uduak Isong Oguamanam"|work=Wet in Happen|url=https://www.wetinhappen.com.ng/17-things-you-didnt-know-about-uduak-isong-oguamanam/|accessdate=5 February 2018}}</ref> == Ọrụ == Ọrụ mbụ Oguamanam rụrụ bụ na ụlọ ọrụ ụgbọ elu dị ka onye na-anya ụgbọ elu afọ abụọ. Ọ rụkwara ọrụ n'ahịa isi obodo na ụlọ ọrụ telecom. <ref name=":0">{{Cite news|date=4 February 2015|title="17 Things You Didn't Know About Uduak Isong Oguamanam"|work=Wet in Happen|url=https://www.wetinhappen.com.ng/17-things-you-didnt-know-about-uduak-isong-oguamanam/|accessdate=5 February 2018}}</ref> Oguamanam malitere ide prose na abụ. Ọ malitere ime ihe nkiri "mgbe ọ dị ka ọ bụ ihe na-enye nnukwu ego ime". <ref>{{Cite news|author=Nwanne|first=Chuks|date=30 June 2015|title="Filmmaker, Uduak Steps Out With Falling"|work=Saturday Guardian|url=https://guardian.ng/saturday-magazine/youth-magazine/filmmaker-uduak-steps-out-solo-with-falling-2/|accessdate=5 February 2018}}</ref> Emepụtara ihe nkiri mbụ ya site na Royal Arts Academy, Lagos, nke nwanne ya, Emem Isong Misodi nwere. Oguamanam hibere Foto dị nso, Lagos. Falling bụ ihe nkiri izizi emere n'okpuru Foto dị nso. Ịda na-akọ akụkọ naaghụghọ. <ref>{{Cite news|author=Salihu|first=Ejura|date=17 September 2015|title="Falling To Premiere On 18th Of September."|url=https://www.connectnigeria.com|accessdate=5 February 2018}}</ref> Ego fu maka Falling bụ nde naira Naijiria iri. N'afọ 2010, Oguamanam duziri ihe nkiri mbụ ya To Live Again . E alaka ya site na obere akwụkwọ nke akwụkwọ ozi Farafina nke dị na Lagos akwụkwọ. <ref name=":0" /> == Ọzụzụ == Oguamanam agaala ọzụzụ na mmemme metụtara ihe nkiri. Ọ gara Berlinale Talent Campus, na Berlin, Germany n'ihi ihe nkiri ya na-emepebeghị azụmahịa. == Ihe nrite == Na 2006, Oguamanam ihe nrite Short Story Commonwealth . </link><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2020)">a chọrọ nkọwa</span>]]'' &#x5D;</sup> == Ihe nkiri == Okon Lagos (2011), Okon Goes to School (2013), Kokomma (2012) , Lost In London (2017), Kiss and Tell (2011), Desperate House Girls (2015), Fine Gir l (2016), Ọ bụ Banyere Gị di (2016), American Boy (2017), Falling (film) (2015), A Piece Of Flesh (2007), Holding Hope (2010), Stellar (2015), Unfinished Business (2007), Edikan (2009), Site The Fire & Entanglement (2009), Timeless Passion (2011), Bursting Ou t (2010) Nsogbu mmiri (2017), I'll Take My Ohere (2011), Weekend Getaway (2012), Beyond Disability (2015), Champagne ( 2015), Na-eri nri na ogologo oge (2014), Na nri (2013), Ezu Echi (2013), Oriakụ Somebody (2012), Chefuo June (2012), All That Glitters (2013), Misplaced (2013). ), owu na-ama . Obi (2013), Ịnweta Ya (2018), Apaye (2014), Ngalaba (2015), {| class="wikitable" |'''Afọ''' | '''Aha''' | '''Ọrụ''' |- | rowspan="2" | 2007 | ''Azụmahịa emechabeghị'' | rowspan="7" | Onye edemede ihuenyo |- | ''Iberibe anụ ahụ'' |- | rowspan="3" | 2009 | ''Edikan'' |- | ''Njikọta'' |- | ''Site na Ọkụ'' |- | rowspan="2" | 2010 | ''Jide Olileanya'' |- | ''Na-agbapụ'' |- | rowspan="4" | 2011 | ''Okon Lagos'' | Onye nrụpụta |- | ''Suu ọnụ ma gwa'' | rowspan="5" | Onye edemede ihuenyo |- | ''Aga m enweta ohere m'' ''Nkwuputa okwu'' |- | ''Mmasị na-adịghị agwụ agwụ'' |- | rowspan="5" | 2012 | ''Oriakụ Onye'' |- | ''Na-echefu June'' |- | ''Kokomma'' | rowspan="2" | Onye nrụpụta |- | ''Mmiri nwere nsogbu'' |- | ''Njegharị izu ụka'' | Onye edemede ihuenyo |- | rowspan="6" | 2013 | ''Okon aga akwukwo'' | Onye nrụpụta |- | ''Na ikpere ikpere'' | rowspan="7" | Onye edemede ihuenyo |- | ''Ezuru Echi'' |- | ''Ihe niile na-egbuke egbuke'' ''Mgbe amụma ahụ gasịrị'' |- | ''Edobereghị ya'' |- | ''Obi ndị nọ naanị ya'' |- | rowspan="2" | 2014 | ''Apaye'' |- | ''Jiri ogologo ngaji eri nri'' |- | rowspan="6" | 2015 | ''Ụmụ agbọghọ na-enweghị olileanya'' | Onye ode akwụkwọ / onye nrụpụta ihuenyo |- | ''Champagne'' | Onye edemede ihuenyo |- | ''Ngalaba'' | Onye nrụpụta |- | ''Agafee Nkwarụ'' | Onye edemede ihuenyo |- | ''Na-ada (ihe nkiri)'' | rowspan="4" | Onye ode akwụkwọ / onye nrụpụta ihuenyo |- | ''Stellar'' |- | rowspan="2" | 2016 | ''Ezigbo Nwanyị'' |- | ''Ọ bụ maka Di gị'' |- | rowspan="4" | 2017 | ''Nwa America'' | rowspan="3" | Onye nrụpụta |- | ''Echefuola na London'' |- | ''Mmiri nwere nsogbu'' |- | ''Nna ego'' | Onye ode akwụkwọ / onye nrụpụta |- | 2018 | ''Ịgafe Ya'' | Onye nrụpụta |} == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * {{IMDb name|3743346}} * Official website [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] edd9l6kus03x27g95nmj12iqofsyy84 0 38497 644607 363736 2026-05-31T10:55:15Z ~2026-32314-82 62081 Fixed reference errors 644607 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} {{Infobox person|name=Tamara Eteimo|image=Tamara Eteimo.png|caption=|birth_name=Tamarabrakemi Eteimo<ref name="tamara jones">{{cite news|url=http://www.thetidenewsonline.com/2010/05/29/unveiling-new-rb-sensation-tamara-jones-…as-her-album-debuts-in-ph/|location=Port Harcourt, Nigeria|title=Unveiling New R&B Sensation, Tamara Jones …As Her Album Debuts in PH|date=May 29, 2010|newspaper=[[The Tide (Nigeria)|The Tide]]|accessdate=May 5, 2014}}</ref> |birth_date={{birth date and age|1987|7|24}}<ref name="BON">{{cite web | url=http://www.bestofnollywood.tv/2013/02/20/tamara-eteimo-nms-2011-releases-new-pictures/ | title=Meet NMS winner Tamara Etiemo | publisher=Best of Nollywood Magazine | accessdate=May 2, 2014 | archive-date=January 22, 2022 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220122164901/https://www.bestofnollywood.tv/2013/02/20/tamara-eteimo-nms-2011-releases-new-pictures/ | url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.vanguardngr.com/2011/12/tamara-eteimo-is-the-next-movie-star/ |title=Tamara Eteimo is the Next Movie Star |publisher=Vanguardngr.com |date=December 9, 2011 |accessdate=May 5, 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pmnewsnigeria.com/2011/12/09/how-tamara-emerged-nms-2011-winner/ |title=How Tamara Emerged NMS 2011 Winner |publisher=P.M. NEWS Nigeria |date=December 9, 2011 |accessdate=May 5, 2014}}</ref>|birth_place=|nationality=Nigerian|citizenship=Nigerian|education=Theatre Arts, University of Port Harcourt|alma_mater=University of Port Harcourt|occupation=Actress, singer|years_active=2009–present|module={{Infobox musical artist | embed = yes | genre = [[contemporary R&B|R&B]]<ref name="tamara jones"/> | label = | associated_acts = | website = }}}} <ref>{{Cite web|date=March 28, 2013|title=I'm eyeing OSCAR award – Tamara Eteimo, 2013 Next Movie Star winner|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2013/03/im-eyeing-oscar-award-tamara-eteimo-2013-next-movie-star-winner/|accessdate=2022-07-23|work=Vanguard News|language=en-GB}}</ref>Tamara Eteimo (amuru Julaị 24, 1987) ebute site na aha ogbo ya Tamara Jones, bu onye Naijiria R&B na-abụ abụ na onye na-eme ihe nkiri.  Amụma ihe nkiri Nollywood ya na 2011, Forex nke akara nke asaa nke ihe nkiri na-esote Movie Star n'ezie, onye na-eme ihe nkiri apụtala na ihe nkiri 50. Ọ nọ n'ọkwa nke abụọ na ọkwa ọkwa afọ.  nke Charles Novia nke ndị na-eme ihe nkiri Nollywood maka 2013 ma bụrụ onye na-amụ maka ọtụtụ ihe nrite.  [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] Eteimo gụchara akwụkwọ praịmarị na ụlọ akwụkwọ na Port Harcourt tupu o debanye aha na mahadum Port Harcourt ka ọ àgwà ihe nkiri Theater .  N'ime ụnwayọ Mee 2010, ọ tinyere otu egwu egwu "Vibrate" na "Na Only You" site na album studio mbụ ya.  [8] meri onye mmeri ihe nkiri na-esote 2013 na-ekwu na ọ na-ele anya ihe nrite oscar == Ihe nkiri == {| class="wikitable" !Year !Film !Role !Notes |- |2012 |''Survival'' | |[[Best of Nollywood Awards]] (BON) |- | rowspan="5" |2013 |''Mrs Somebody'' | | |- |''Finding Mercy'' | |with [[Rita Dominic]], [[Blossom Chukwujekwu]], [[Uti Nwachukwu]] and [[Chioma Chukwuka]] |- |''Desperate Housegirls'' | |with Ini Edo, Desmond Elliot, [[Kenneth Okolie]], [[Mary Lazarus]] |- |''Somewhere Down The Line'' |Lead |with [[Rachel Oniga|Rachael Oniga]], [[Bukky Wright]], Yemi Blaq |- |''Dry-Next Page'' | | |- | rowspan="10" |2014 |''Falling'' | |with [[Desmond Elliot]], [[Blossom Chukwujekwu]], [[Adesua Etomi]] |- |''Cobweb'' | |with Uti Nwachukwu, Funsho Adeolu, Mary Lazarus |- |''A Long Night'' | | |- |''The Scorned Help'' | | |- |''Cheating Experience'' | | |- |''Kopa'' | | |- |''Red Lights Off'' | | |- |''Green Eyed'' | | |- |''Oyoma'' | |Nollywood Reloaded |- |''Unblissful'' | |Nollywood Reloaded |- | |''Dry'' |Nurse Ramatu |with [[Stephanie Okereke Linus|Stephanie Okereke]], [[Liz Benson]], William McNamara, Darwin Shaw and Paul Sambo |- | rowspan="5" |2015 |''Virgin Bride'' | | |- |''It's About Your Husband'' | | |- |''The Good Samaritan'' | |with Wale Ojo and Empress Njamah |- |''Gone Grey'' | |with Funsho Adeolu, [[Stan Nze]], Judith Audu, Seyi Hunter and Angel Vara Iduhe |- |''Fast Cash'' | |with Mary Lazarus, Kiki Omeili, Oma Nnadi, Funny Bone and Klint da Drunk |- | rowspan="14" |2016 |''Class Of 21'' | | |- |''Hotel Choco'' | |with Femi Branch, Sambasa Nzeribe and Jennifer Igbinovia |- |''Time To HeaL'' | | |- |''Candle'' | | |- |''The Guilt'' | | |- |''Scratched'' | | |- |''Death Trap'' | | |- |''Blind Spot'' | | |- |''The X-List'' | | |- |''One Monday Morning'' | | |- |''Lost in Lust'' | | |- |''A Walk in the Dark'' | | |- |''Brown Envelope'' | | |- |''Next Door'' | | |- | rowspan="6" |2017 |''The Three Tramps and The Law'' | | |- |''33hours'' | | |- |''My Game'' | | |- |''Black Men Rock'' | | |- |''Fair Lady'' | | |- |''Family'' | | |- |2012 |''Dormitory 8'' | | |- | |''This Life'' | | |- | |''Itohan'' | |''[[Super Story]]'' |- |2013 |''Meet the Neighbors'' | | |- | rowspan="2" |2014 |''Mama Bomboy'' | | |- |''Emerald'' | | |- | rowspan="2" |2015 |''Dear Diary'' | | |- |''The Other Side'' | | |- | |''Macbeth'' | | |- | |''Closed Doors'' | | |- | |''Pepper soup'' | | |- | |''Calabar woman'' | | |} == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Articles with hCards]] [[Òtù:Short description is different from Wikidata]] [[Òtù:Articles with short description]] 6snksmvcd9uq1hye1warnjz1t0s17lm 0 38546 644333 363810 2026-05-30T21:38:16Z Sayvhior 13464 /* Ụlọ ọrụ Tiny Hearts */ 644333 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} {{Infobox person|name=Virtue Oboro|image=Virtue Oboro(Lalemi).jpg|nationality=Nigerian|occupation=Entreprenueur and inventor of Crib A'Glow Phototherapy|employer=Tiny Hearts Technology|website=https://tinyheartshq.com/}} Virtue Oboro bụ onye ọchụnta ego nke Naijiria, na onye rụpụtara ike Tiny Hearts.  [1] [2] [3] [4] Na 2016, ọ Ibu na ulo oru Crib 'A Glow, ihe LED-lit obere obere akpa na-emeso jaundice tinye n'ihe ọmụmụ ike, na patented ọhụrụ na 2017.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Engineering.com|url=https://www.engineering.com/story/brace-for-impact-recognizing-sustainable-engineering-solutions-with-the-2022-africa-prize;|accessdate=2022-11-17|work=www.engineering.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|author=Africa|first=Amref Health|date=2018-11-12|title=Innovate For Life Fund 2018 Cohort|url=https://amref.org/news/innovate-life-fund-2018-cohort/|accessdate=2022-11-17|work=Amref Health Africa|language=en-GB}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-12-27|title=Engineering the future: meet the Africa prize shortlist innovators|url=https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2021/dec/27/engineering-the-future-meet-the-africa-prize-shortlist-innovators|accessdate=2022-11-17|work=the Guardian|language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|author=Oluwole|first=Victor|date=2021-11-25|title=Meet the African entrepreneurs shortlisted for the 2022 Royal Academy of Engineering Africa Prize|url=https://africa.businessinsider.com/local/leaders/meet-the-african-entrepreneurs-shortlisted-for-the-2022-royal-academy-of-engineering/xy752pg|accessdate=2022-11-17|work=Business Insider Africa|language=en}}</ref> == Agụmakwụkwọ == <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|author=(Lalemi) Oboro|first=Virtue|date=19 November 2022|title=Innovator of the Crib A’glow Phototherapy Units (for treatment of jaundice in newborns)|url=https://www.linkedin.com/in/virtue-oboro-9a0b778b/|accessdate=19 November 2022|work=LinkedIn}}</ref>Omume ọma gụchara nzere bachelọ na Fine and Applied Arts na Cross River State University of Technology na mgbochi na Entrepreneurial Management site na Enterprise Development Center, Pan-Atlantic University, Lagos state .  [1] Mgbe nke ahụ ihuenyo, ọ ama akara ugo akara nna ukwu na Mahadum Heriot-Watt, United Kingdom == Ụlọ ọrụ Tiny Hearts == Ndị ọrụ Tiny Hearts Technology bụ nke Virtue na di ya bụ Ezoukumo Oboro hibere.<ref name=":0" />Ndị nwe ahụ ahụ na- 11Crib A'Glow, ngwaọrụ na-enye ike na-akpa na-ahụ jaundice ọhụrụ [3] yana incubators na diaper rashes creams maka ụmụ ọhụrụ.  [4] Obere obi nwere ndị injinia biomedical, ndị na-ahụ ihe na ndị na-emepụta ọhụrụ .  [2] [3] a na-hazi haskaka Alert Yellow Alert, akara na-akuzi ma na-egosipụta mmata jaundice ọhụrụ n'etiti ndị ọrụ na-eji ụmụ anụmanụ.  [5] [4] Virtue Oboro na-eje ozi dị ka onye ntụziaka ihe ọhụrụ, na Tiny Hearts Technology == Cribs A'Glow == The Crib A'Glow bụ obere ngwaọrụ phototherapy emere na Nigeria .  [1] [2] A matara ihe ọhụrụ a gburugburu ụwa wee ụmụ ọhụrụ 550,000 n' ọgwụ mgbochi ise n'ofe Nigeria, Ghana, Kenya na Benin .  [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] Iji kwado mgbake ụmụ ọhụrụ, ụlọ ọgwụ, ụlọ ọrụ na ndị na-azụta ma ọ bụ gbazite ụlọ nri.  [8] COVID-19 eserese nnukwu agụụ maka akwa akwa, ebe ndị nne na nna mama ụlọ ọgwụ mgbe ha na-elekọta ụmụ ọhụrụ ha <ref name="Menezes">{{Cite web|author=Menezes|first=Fino|date=2022-04-04|title=How a Nigerian tech startup is tackling baby jaundice and saving lives with solar-powered cribs|url=https://www.brightvibes.com/how-a-nigerian-tech-startup-is-tackling-baby-jaundice-and-saving-lives-with-solar-powered-cribs/|accessdate=2022-11-19|work=BrightVibes|language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFMenezes2022">Menezes, Fino (2022-04-04). [https://www.brightvibes.com/how-a-nigerian-tech-startup-is-tackling-baby-jaundice-and-saving-lives-with-solar-powered-cribs/ "How a Nigerian tech startup is tackling baby jaundice and saving lives with solar-powered cribs"]. ''BrightVibes''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-11-19</span></span>.</cite></ref> == Ihe nrite == <ref name="Menezes">{{Cite web|author=Menezes|first=Fino|date=2022-04-04|title=How a Nigerian tech startup is tackling baby jaundice and saving lives with solar-powered cribs|url=https://www.brightvibes.com/how-a-nigerian-tech-startup-is-tackling-baby-jaundice-and-saving-lives-with-solar-powered-cribs/|accessdate=2022-11-19|work=BrightVibes|language=en-US}}</ref>Virtue's Tiny Hearts Technology na Crib A'Glow innovation ihe nri nri $50,000 dị ka onye mmeri nke African Innovation Challenge 2.0 nke Johnson & Johnson na Unilever Young Entrepreneurs Award.  [1] [2] Na 2020, American Business Council na United States Chamber of Commerce nyere ụlọ ọrụ ya ihe nrite nke atọ maka ihe, ngwaọrụ.  Ọ bụrụ na ọ bụrụ nkwupụta maka Royal Academy of Engineering's Africa Prize na 2022. [3] [4] Ọzọkwa, e nyere Mandela Washington Fellow, Sterling Bank Startups(2nd place), na onyinye Diamond Bank Crib A'Glow == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 12x37f2hykpfksn7xcdz3f9jy8iavjq 644335 644333 2026-05-30T21:39:32Z Sayvhior 13464 /* Ihe nrite */ 644335 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} {{Infobox person|name=Virtue Oboro|image=Virtue Oboro(Lalemi).jpg|nationality=Nigerian|occupation=Entreprenueur and inventor of Crib A'Glow Phototherapy|employer=Tiny Hearts Technology|website=https://tinyheartshq.com/}} Virtue Oboro bụ onye ọchụnta ego nke Naijiria, na onye rụpụtara ike Tiny Hearts.  [1] [2] [3] [4] Na 2016, ọ Ibu na ulo oru Crib 'A Glow, ihe LED-lit obere obere akpa na-emeso jaundice tinye n'ihe ọmụmụ ike, na patented ọhụrụ na 2017.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Engineering.com|url=https://www.engineering.com/story/brace-for-impact-recognizing-sustainable-engineering-solutions-with-the-2022-africa-prize;|accessdate=2022-11-17|work=www.engineering.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|author=Africa|first=Amref Health|date=2018-11-12|title=Innovate For Life Fund 2018 Cohort|url=https://amref.org/news/innovate-life-fund-2018-cohort/|accessdate=2022-11-17|work=Amref Health Africa|language=en-GB}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-12-27|title=Engineering the future: meet the Africa prize shortlist innovators|url=https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2021/dec/27/engineering-the-future-meet-the-africa-prize-shortlist-innovators|accessdate=2022-11-17|work=the Guardian|language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|author=Oluwole|first=Victor|date=2021-11-25|title=Meet the African entrepreneurs shortlisted for the 2022 Royal Academy of Engineering Africa Prize|url=https://africa.businessinsider.com/local/leaders/meet-the-african-entrepreneurs-shortlisted-for-the-2022-royal-academy-of-engineering/xy752pg|accessdate=2022-11-17|work=Business Insider Africa|language=en}}</ref> == Agụmakwụkwọ == <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|author=(Lalemi) Oboro|first=Virtue|date=19 November 2022|title=Innovator of the Crib A’glow Phototherapy Units (for treatment of jaundice in newborns)|url=https://www.linkedin.com/in/virtue-oboro-9a0b778b/|accessdate=19 November 2022|work=LinkedIn}}</ref>Omume ọma gụchara nzere bachelọ na Fine and Applied Arts na Cross River State University of Technology na mgbochi na Entrepreneurial Management site na Enterprise Development Center, Pan-Atlantic University, Lagos state .  [1] Mgbe nke ahụ ihuenyo, ọ ama akara ugo akara nna ukwu na Mahadum Heriot-Watt, United Kingdom == Ụlọ ọrụ Tiny Hearts == Ndị ọrụ Tiny Hearts Technology bụ nke Virtue na di ya bụ Ezoukumo Oboro hibere.<ref name=":0" />Ndị nwe ahụ ahụ na- 11Crib A'Glow, ngwaọrụ na-enye ike na-akpa na-ahụ jaundice ọhụrụ [3] yana incubators na diaper rashes creams maka ụmụ ọhụrụ.  [4] Obere obi nwere ndị injinia biomedical, ndị na-ahụ ihe na ndị na-emepụta ọhụrụ .  [2] [3] a na-hazi haskaka Alert Yellow Alert, akara na-akuzi ma na-egosipụta mmata jaundice ọhụrụ n'etiti ndị ọrụ na-eji ụmụ anụmanụ.  [5] [4] Virtue Oboro na-eje ozi dị ka onye ntụziaka ihe ọhụrụ, na Tiny Hearts Technology == Cribs A'Glow == The Crib A'Glow bụ obere ngwaọrụ phototherapy emere na Nigeria .  [1] [2] A matara ihe ọhụrụ a gburugburu ụwa wee ụmụ ọhụrụ 550,000 n' ọgwụ mgbochi ise n'ofe Nigeria, Ghana, Kenya na Benin .  [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] Iji kwado mgbake ụmụ ọhụrụ, ụlọ ọgwụ, ụlọ ọrụ na ndị na-azụta ma ọ bụ gbazite ụlọ nri.  [8] COVID-19 eserese nnukwu agụụ maka akwa akwa, ebe ndị nne na nna mama ụlọ ọgwụ mgbe ha na-elekọta ụmụ ọhụrụ ha <ref name="Menezes">{{Cite web|author=Menezes|first=Fino|date=2022-04-04|title=How a Nigerian tech startup is tackling baby jaundice and saving lives with solar-powered cribs|url=https://www.brightvibes.com/how-a-nigerian-tech-startup-is-tackling-baby-jaundice-and-saving-lives-with-solar-powered-cribs/|accessdate=2022-11-19|work=BrightVibes|language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFMenezes2022">Menezes, Fino (2022-04-04). [https://www.brightvibes.com/how-a-nigerian-tech-startup-is-tackling-baby-jaundice-and-saving-lives-with-solar-powered-cribs/ "How a Nigerian tech startup is tackling baby jaundice and saving lives with solar-powered cribs"]. ''BrightVibes''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-11-19</span></span>.</cite></ref> == Ihe nrite == Virtue's Tiny Hearts Technology na Crib A'Glow innovation ihe nri nri $50,000 dị ka onye mmeri nke African Innovation Challenge 2.0 nke Johnson & Johnson na Unilever Young Entrepreneurs Award.<ref name="Menezes" /> Na 2020, American Business Council na United States Chamber of Commerce nyere ụlọ ọrụ ya ihe nrite nke atọ maka ihe, ngwaọrụ.  Ọ bụrụ na ọ bụrụ nkwupụta maka Royal Academy of Engineering's Africa Prize na 2022. [3] [4] Ọzọkwa, e nyere Mandela Washington Fellow, Sterling Bank Startups(2nd place), na onyinye Diamond Bank Crib A'Glow == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] kbakr4cr9qgnsdt24nyn85b1ltab6q1 0 38659 644346 155664 2026-05-30T21:47:30Z Iwuala chisom 17246 Added {{DEFAULTSORT}} 644346 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Elizabeth Oshoba''' (amụrụ 23 Disemba 1999) <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.birmingham2022.com/athletes/elizabeth-oshoba/a3118d75-e597-4d10-af2d-41afd6a4061b|title=Elizabeth Oshoba|work=Birmingham2022.com|publisher=[[Birmingham Organising Committee for the 2022 Commonwealth Games Limited]]|accessdate=5 August 2022}}</ref> bụ onye ọkpọ ọkpọ . O sonyere na egwuregwu Commonwealth 2022 na ngalaba featherweight wee nweta nrite ọlaọcha. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.makingofchamps.com/2022/08/04/team-nigeria-preview-2022-commonwealth-games-day-7/|title=Team Nigeria Preview - 2022 Commonwealth Games Day 7|publisher=Making of Champs|date=4 August 2022|accessdate=4 August 2022}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/commonwealth-games/62423659|title=Commonwealth Games: Boxing - Women's Feather (54-57kg) results|date=4 August 2022|publisher=BBC Sport|accessdate=5 August 2022}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.newstimes.com.ng/birmingham-2022-elizabeth-oshoba-wins-silver-in-the-womens-boxing-event/|title=Birmingham 2022: Elizabeth Oshoba Wins Silver In The Women's Boxing Event|publisher=New Times|accessdate=19 August 2022|archivedate=19 August 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220819054223/https://www.newstimes.com.ng/birmingham-2022-elizabeth-oshoba-wins-silver-in-the-womens-boxing-event/}}</ref> == Edensibịa == {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Oshoba, Elizabeth}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] bei5d81qs4m2clrd6rn4l24qcjbclq7 0 39001 644229 155036 2026-05-30T19:40:58Z Wikipedian12512(alt) 61413 ce 644229 wikitext text/x-wiki Metaplastic carcinoma, nke a makwaara dị ka metaplastic breast cancer ('''MBC'''), bụ otu ọrịa kansa dịgasị iche iche nke na-egosipụta usoro dịgasịiche nke metaplasia na ọdịiche dị n'ọtụtụ mkpụrụ ndụ. A na-akọwa ụdị Ọrịa kansa ara a na-adịghị ahụkebe na nke na-eme ihe ike dị ka nke nwere ìgwè neoplasms nwere ma glandular na non-glandular patterns na epithelial na / ma ọ bụ mesenchymal components.<ref name="Boler">{{Cite journal|date=2016-08-01|title=Metaplastic carcinoma of the breast: A case series and review of the literature.|journal=Journal of Oncological Sciences|volume=2|issue=2-3|pages=38–42|doi=10.1016/j.jons.2016.08.006}}</ref> Na-akpata ihe na-erughị 1% nke nchọpụta ọrịa kansa ara niile.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/avon_foundation_breast_center/breast_cancers_other_conditions/metaplastic_breast%20_cancer.html|title=Metaplastic Breast Cancer|date=2015-04-22|accessdate=2015-04-22|work=Johns Hopkins Medicine|publisher=Johns Hopkins University|archivedate=2015-02-15|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150215165240/http://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/avon_foundation_breast_center/breast_cancers_other_conditions/metaplastic_breast%20_cancer.html}}</ref> na-ejikọta ya na invasive ductal carcinoma nke na-enweghị ụdị pụrụ iche (IDC), ma na-ekerịta usoro ọgwụgwọ yiri nke ahụ. N'ihe gbasara IDC, MBC n'ozuzu ya nwere ọkwa histological dị elu na ogo tumor buru ibu n'oge nchọpụta, yana obere ihe na-emetụta axillary lymph node. MBC tumors na-abụkarị Onye na-anabata estrogen (ER), onye na-anata progesterone (PR), na ihe na-eme ka mmadụ nwee uto-2 (HER-2) na-adịghị mma, nke pụtara na ọgwụgwọ hormone abụghị nhọrọ ọgwụgwọ dị irè, nke na-emetụta amụma dị njọ. MBC bụ nke mbụ ụlọ ọrụ ahụike ụwa matara dị ka ihe dị iche iche na-ahụ maka ọrịa n'afọ 2000. <ref name="Boler" /> == Nchịkọta == N'ihi ọdịiche dị n'oge na-adịbeghị anya, a nabatara ọtụtụ usoro nkewa maka MBC n'etiti òtù na ìgwè nyocha dị iche iche. Òtù Ahụ Ike Ụwa na-ekewa MBC n'okpuru ụdị abụọ: ụdị epithelial na ụdị ngwakọta. A na-ekewapụta ụdị epithelial dị ka squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma na spindle cell differentiation, na adenosquamous carcinoma. A na-ekewa ụdị ngwakọta ahụ dị ka carcinoma na chondroid metaplasia, carcinoma nwere osseous metaplasía, na carcinosarcoma. Wargotz et al. tụrụ aro usoro nkewa maka MBC dịka atụmatụ cytopathological ya si dị. Nkewa ndị a bụ spindle cell, squamous cells, matrix-producing, carcinosarcoma, na MBC na osteoclastic giant cell. Otu nyocha ọzọ, Oberman et al., tụrụ aro usoro nkewa nke nwere spindle cell carcinoma, invasive ductal carcinoma na nnukwu squamous metaplasia, na invasive ductor carcinoma nwere pseudosarcomatous metaplesia. E<ref name="Boler">{{Cite journal|date=2016-08-01|title=Metaplastic carcinoma of the breast: A case series and review of the literature.|journal=Journal of Oncological Sciences|volume=2|issue=2-3|pages=38–42|doi=10.1016/j.jons.2016.08.006}}</ref> nkwekọrịta n'etiti usoro nkewa dị iche iche maka MBC emeela ka nsogbu dị na ma ọrụ ahụike na ọmụmụ nyocha. == Ihe ize ndụ == N'ọtụtụ ọnọdụ MBC, ndị ọrịa bụ ụmụ nwanyị karịrị afọ 50, na-egosi na afọ bụ isi ihe na-ekpebi ihe ize ndụ nke ịmalite MBC. Genetics bụ ihe ize ndụ ọzọ maka ịzụlite MBC. Mgbanwe nke mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa <ref name="Luini">{{Cite journal|author=Luini|first=Alberto|title=Metaplastic carcinoma of the breast, an unusual disease with worse prognosis: the experience of the European Institute of Oncology and review of the literature|journal=Breast Cancer Research and Treatment|volume=101|issue=3|date=2007-01-23|issn=0167-6806|doi=10.1007/s10549-006-9301-1|pages=349–353}}</ref> akụkọ ezinụlọ na-emetụta ihe ize ndụ dị elu. == Ihe ịrịba ama na mgbaàmà == Ihe mgbaàmà a na-ahụkarị nke MBC bụ oke ara na-eto ngwa ngwa. <ref name="Luini">{{Cite journal|author=Luini|first=Alberto|title=Metaplastic carcinoma of the breast, an unusual disease with worse prognosis: the experience of the European Institute of Oncology and review of the literature|journal=Breast Cancer Research and Treatment|volume=101|issue=3|date=2007-01-23|issn=0167-6806|doi=10.1007/s10549-006-9301-1|pages=349–353}}</ref> bụrụ na akpụ ahụ agbasaala, a ga-egosipụta mgbaàmà ndị siri ike karị, dabere na ebe metastasis. == Nnyocha == Mammography bụ ngwá ọrụ nyocha maka MBC, ebe akpụ ga-egosipụtakarị dị ka nnukwu ihe. Otú ọ dị, ha nwekwara ike iṅomi IDCs yana mmerụ ahụ na-adịghị njọ na mammogram. A na-ejikarị sonography eme ihe iji nyere aka chọpụta MBC, ebe enwere ike ịhụ ihe siri ike na cystic. Nke a nwere njikọ na necrosis na cystic degeneration. Na fine-needle aspiration (FNA) smears, naanị 57% nke ikpe na-egosi ductal carcinoma na metaplastic components. N'ihi ya, ihe dịka ọkara nke akpụ MBC enweghị ike ịchọpụta site na FNA. N'ihi ya, nchọpụta nke anụ ahụ dị mkpa iji mee ka MBC dị iche na ọrịa kansa ara ndị ọzọ iji malite ọgwụgwọ kwesịrị ekwesị na ngwa ngwa. <ref name="Luini">{{Cite journal|author=Luini|first=Alberto|title=Metaplastic carcinoma of the breast, an unusual disease with worse prognosis: the experience of the European Institute of Oncology and review of the literature|journal=Breast Cancer Research and Treatment|volume=101|issue=3|date=2007-01-23|issn=0167-6806|doi=10.1007/s10549-006-9301-1|pages=349–353}}</ref> na-enweta nke a site na iji immunohistochemistry na panel cytokeratin iji mee ka ọdịiche dị n'etiti ndị dị otú ahụ site na akpụ phyllodes, sarcomas bụ isi, na Fibromatosis. == Ihe omuma == Ihe omuma nke MBC nwere ike ịdị iche n'etiti sub-classifications dị iche iche, nke, nyere ọdịiche nke usoro nkewa, na-eme ka inye ihe omuma sie ike. Otú ọ dị, amụma maka MBC na-adịkarị njọ. Ndị na-ebu amụma na-emetụta ọdịnihu kachasị njọ nke MBC gụnyere afọ na-erubeghị afọ 39 na ngosi, mwakpo akpụkpọ ahụ, na squamous cell carcinoma gbasaa na lymph nodes. Ọnụ ọgụgụ n<ref name="Luini">{{Cite journal|author=Luini|first=Alberto|title=Metaplastic carcinoma of the breast, an unusual disease with worse prognosis: the experience of the European Institute of Oncology and review of the literature|journal=Breast Cancer Research and Treatment|volume=101|issue=3|date=2007-01-23|issn=0167-6806|doi=10.1007/s10549-006-9301-1|pages=349–353}}</ref> dị ndụ afọ 5 maka MBC dịgasị iche site na nkewa, ma na-adị site na 49% na nkewa kachasị egbu egbu ruo 64%. == ọgwụgwọ == N'agbanyeghị ụdị nkewa nke MBC, nhọrọ ọgwụgwọ bụ ọkọlọtọ na ọrịa kansa ara ndị ọzọ. Ọ bụrụ na a chọpụta akpụ ahụ n'oge, ịwa ahụ na-azọpụta ara nwere ike ịbụ nhọrọ, ọ bụ ezie na nke a bụ ihe a na-adịghị ahụkebe. Na MBC na-abụghị nke metastatic, ọgwụgwọ a na-ahụkarị bụ mastectomy. Ọ bụrụ na akpụ ahụ metastatic, ịwa ahụ abụghịzi nhọrọ dị irè, ọgwụgwọ n'ozuzu ya na-adaba na ọgwụgwọ siri ike. N'ihi na akpụ MBC na-abụkarị atọ na-adịghị mma, ọgwụgwọ hormone abụghị nhọrọ maka ọgwụgwọ. Nke <ref name="Luini">{{Cite journal|author=Luini|first=Alberto|title=Metaplastic carcinoma of the breast, an unusual disease with worse prognosis: the experience of the European Institute of Oncology and review of the literature|journal=Breast Cancer Research and Treatment|volume=101|issue=3|date=2007-01-23|issn=0167-6806|doi=10.1007/s10549-006-9301-1|pages=349–353}}</ref> nwere njikọ kpọmkwem na amụma ya dị njọ. == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}} Böler DE, Kara H, Sağlıcan Y, Tokat F, Uras C (2016-08-01). "Metaplastic carcinoma nke ara: usoro ikpe na nyocha nke akwụkwọ." Akwụkwọ akụkọ sayensị Oncological. 2 (2–3): 38–42 . doi:10.1016/j.jons.2016.08.006. "Metaplastic Breast Cancer". Johns Hopkins Medicine. Mahadum Johns Hopkins. 2015-04-22. Edebere ya na mbụ na 2015-02-15. eweghachiri 2015-04-22. Luini, Alberto; Aguilar, Marisel; Gatti, Giovanna; Fasani, Roberta; Botteri, Edoardo; Brito, Jack Antonio Diaz; Maisonneuve, Patrick; Vento, Anna Rita; Viale, Giuseppe (2007-01-23). "Metaplastic carcinoma nke ara, ọrịa na-adịghị ahụkebe nke nwere amụma ka njọ: ahụmahụ nke European Institute of Oncology and review of the books". Nnyocha na ọgwụgwọ ọrịa ara ara. 101 (3): 349–353 . doi:10.1007/s10549-006-9301-1. ISSN 0167-6806. == Njikọ mpụga == * Ntinye nke [http://www.cancer.gov/dictionary?CdrID=44243 Carcinoma metaplastic] na ngalaba ọha na eze NCI Dictionary of Cancer Terms jyqqgpj5x6wpbloifg4oizqtcsz68eh 0 39022 644167 155091 2026-05-30T17:57:33Z Mirah50 16972 Fixed reference errors 644167 wikitext text/x-wiki  {{Databox}} '''Teresa Maria Przytycka''' (amụrụ 1958) [1] bụ ọkà mmụta ihe omimi nke Polish-American nke na-arụ ọrụ dị ka onye nyocha dị elu na ngalaba Kọmputa Biology nke National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), ebe ọ Ụzọ Algorithmic na-eduzi na Kọmputa na Sistemụ Biology (AlgoCSB) ngalaba. .[1] Ọ malitere ọrụ nyocha ya na algọridim yiri ya; na NCBI, nyocha ya na-ewe usoro mgbakọ na mwepụ maka nsogbu na usoro ihe ọmụmụ ihe gbasara ọrịa kansa, usoro mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa, na nyocha nke nnukwu data.[1] == Agụmakwụkwọ na ọrụ == Przytycka sitere na Myszków ; Ndị mụrụ ya, bụ́ ndị obodo Gorajec nke dị n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ Poland, gụrụ akwụkwọ nke ọma n'akụkụ ụfọdụ site n'ịgụ akwụkwọ n'okpuru ala Polish . Ọ gụrụ mgbakọ na mwepụ na sayensị kọmputa na Mahadum Warsaw, {{R|distance}} na-enweta akara ugo mmụta masta ebe ahụ na 1982. <ref name=xplore>{{citation|url=https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/38076729600|title=Teresa M. Przytycka|work=IEEE Xplore|publisher=IEEE|access-date=2021-12-12}}</ref>cv}} Ọ nọrọ na mahadum dị ka onye nchọpụta, ma ọ na-ahapụ ohere ịghọ nwa akwụkwọ doctoral na Mahadum British Columbia (UBC), na-eso di ya, Józef H. Przytycki, bụ onye weere ọnọdụ postdoctoral n'ebe ahụ; {{R|distance}} ọ gụchara Ph.D. na UBC na 1990. Akwụkwọ edemede ya, ''Parallel Algorithms On Trees and Related Problems'', nke metụtara nhazi algọridim yiri ya, David G. Kirkpatrick na-elekọta ya. {{R|cv <ref name=mg>{{mathgenealogy|id=149198}}</ref><ref name=diss>{{citation|title=Parallel Algorithms On Trees And Related Problems|publisher=University of British Columbia|first=Teresa Maria|last=Przytycka|year=1990|doi=10.14288/1.0302108|hdl=2429/30640}}</ref> N'agbanyeghị na ọ bu n'obi ịlaghachi n'ọkwa ya na Mahadum Warsaw, nke ahụ ghọrọ ihe na-agaghị ekwe omume n'ihi ụmụ ọhụrụ ya abụọ na enweghị nlekọta ụmụaka zuru oke na Warsaw n'oge ahụ. <ref name=distance>{{citation|url=https://infocus.nlm.nih.gov/2017/02/06/teresa-przytycka-goes-the-distance/|title=Focus on NLM Scientists: Dr. Teresa Przytycka Goes the Distance|work=NLM in Focus|publisher=National Library of Medicine|date=February 6, 2017}}</ref> Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na onye enyemaka onye nlekọta nleta na Mahadum California, Riverside, ọ ghọrọ osote prọfesọ na Mahadum Odense dị na Denmark na 1992, <ref name=cv>{{citation|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/CBBresearch/Przytycka/download/TPrzytycka_CV.pdf|title=Curriculum vitae|date=October 2, 2012|access-date=2021-12-12}}</ref>biri ọtụtụ oge a iche na di ya n'ihi nsogbu ahụ ha abụọ . N'etiti 1990s, di ya nọ na-elekọta ya na Mahadum George Washington na US ọwụwa anyanwụ ụsọ oké osimiri, ma o kpebisiri ike ịchọta ọnọdụ dị nso, n'otu oge ahụ na-atụgharị mmasị nyocha ya na usoro ihe omimi. {{R|distance}} Na 1997 ọ ghọrọ onye nyocha Sloan-DOE na Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, ebe ọ gara n'ihu dị ka Burroughs Wellcome Fellow na onye nyocha nyocha. N'afọ 2003, o were ọnọdụ ya ugbu a na National Center for Biotechnology Information. {{R|cv}} == Nkwenye == Na 2021, a kpọrọ Przytycka onye otu nke International Society maka Computational Biology, "maka nke aka algorithmic ya na nsogbu dịgasị iche iche na usoro ihe ọmụmụ ihe mgbakọ na mwepụ, karịsịa na nyocha netwọkụ, ụzọ ndị dabeere na netwọk iji kpughee mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa ọrịa, nrụgharị netwọkụ, nhazi usoro. Ọrụ nke DNA conformation dynamics na RNA aptamer analysis". <ref name=iscb>{{citation|url=https://www.iscb.org/iscb-news-items/4626-2021-march02-iscb-congratulates-introduces-2021-class-fellows|title=ISCB Congratulates the 2021 Class of Fellows|publisher=International Society for Computational Biology|access-date=2021-12-12}}</ref> == Edensibia == [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] sg9d28rxqwvbg7m79nqx4jsrez4km37 0 39063 644369 155174 2026-05-30T22:10:31Z Iwuala chisom 17246 Added {{DEFAULTSORT}} 644369 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Elizma Nortje''' (amuru 1 February 1966) bu onye nkuzi tenis Namibia na onye okacha amara. <ref>{{Cite news|title=Pieters appointed tennis CEO|url=https://www.namibian.com.na/88566/archive-read/Pieters-appointed-tennis-CEO|work=[[The Namibian]]|date=24 November 2011|language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|title=Tennis Talente|url=https://www.az.com.na/nachrichten/tennis-talente/|work=[[Allgemeine Zeitung (Namibia)|Allgemeine Zeitung]]|date=14 February 2006|language=en}}</ref> Ọ bụ nwanyị Namibia kacha nwee ihe ịga nke ọma n'ịgba aka n'ịrụ ọrụ na ọ bụ onye mbụ nwetara ọkwa na njem WTA . <ref>{{Cite news|title=Bright opportunities for Namibian tennis|url=https://www.republikein.com.na/nuus/bright-opportunities-for-namibian-tennis|work=[[Republikein]]|date=8 February 2006|language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|author=Maletsky|first=Christof|title=Swartz shocks Visser in two straight sets|work=[[The Namibian]]|date=21 December 1994|page=15}}</ref> Amụrụ na Windhoek na 1966, Nortje nọchitere South Africa dị ka nwata na-arụ ọrụ, tupu onwe Namibia. [1] Ọ gbara ያሉትን maka Mahadum Mba United States dị na San Diego, na-aahọ mpi na na edi NCAA Division I. [2] Na mgbakwunye 1990s ọ ìhè na àmà ntozu okpukpu abụọ na Wimbledon wee merie ITF okpukpu abụọ.. <ref>{{Cite news|title=Jurgens jaag Wimbledon-droom|url=https://www.republikein.com.na/nuus/jurgens-jaag-wimbledon-droom|work=[[Republikein]]|date=27 June 2005|language=Afrikaans}}</ref> Nortje jere ozi dị ka onye isi otu Tenis Namibia site na 1996 ruo 1999 ma bụrụ onye isi otu Namibia mgbe mba ahụ mere mpụta mbụ Fed Cup na 2004. Onye nkuzi ITF Level 3 enwetara ikike, ọ bụzi onye isi ọkachamara na tenis na Van Der Meer Tennis Academy na South Carolina. <ref>{{Cite news|title=Namibia: Third PTA Tennis Tourney Served|url=https://allafrica.com/stories/201604221430.html|work=[[Namibia Economist]]|publisher=[[AllAfrica]]|date=22 April 2016}}</ref> == Agba ikpeazụ ITF == === Ndị na-alụbeghị di: 1 (0–1) === {| class="sortable wikitable" style="font-size:97%" !Nsonaazụ ! Ụbọchị ! Asọmpi ! Elu ! Onye mmegide ! Akara |- style="background:#f0f8ff;" | style="background:#ffa07a;" | Ọnwụ | Eprel 3, 1994 | Marsa, Malta | Ụrọ |</img> [[Caroline Schneider]] | 6–7 ⁽²⁾, 4–6 |} === Ugboro abụọ: 11 (2-9) === {| class="sortable wikitable" style="font-size:97%" !Result !No. !Date !Tournament !Surface !Partner !Opponents !Score |- style="background:#f0f8ff;" | style="background:#98fb98;" |Win |1. |28 April 1991 |Bracknell, United Kingdom |Hard |{{flagicon|GBR}} [[Barbara Griffiths]] |{{flagicon|USA}} Lynn Nabors<br /><br />{{flagicon|DEN}} [[Merete Balling-Stockmann]] |6–3, 6–2 |- style="background:#f0f8ff;" | style="background:#ffa07a;" |Loss |1. |4 August 1991 |Haifa, Israel |Hard |{{flagicon|RSA|1928}} Janine Humphreys |{{flagicon|RSA|1928}} [[Tessa Price]] <br /><br /> {{flagicon|USA}} [[Kirsten Dreyer]] |1–6, 0–6 |- style="background:#f0f8ff;" | style="background:#ffa07a;" |Loss |2. |11 August 1991 |Ramat HaSharon, Israel |Hard |{{flagicon|RSA|1928}} Janine Humphreys |{{flagicon|ISR}} [[Ilana Berger]] <br /><br /> {{flagicon|RSA|1928}} [[Robyn Field]] |0–6, 1–6 |- style="background:#f0f8ff;" | style="background:#ffa07a;" |Loss |3. |5 April 1992 |Windhoek, Namibia |Hard |{{flagicon|RSA|1928}} Louise Venter |{{flagicon|RSA|1928}} Cindy Summers <br /><br /> {{flagicon|RSA|1928}} Nicole Simunic |6–3, 4–6, 3–6 |- style="background:#f0f8ff;" | style="background:#98fb98;" |Win |2. |12 April 1992 |Gaborone, Botswana |Hard |{{flagicon|RSA|1928}} Louise Venter |{{flagicon|RSA|1928}} [[Liezel Huber|Liezel Horn]] <br /><br /> {{flagicon|RSA|1928}} Estelle Gevers |6–0, 6–7⁽²⁾, 6–4 |- style="background:#f0f8ff;" | style="background:#ffa07a;" |Loss |4. |19 July 1992 |Frinton, United Kingdom |Grass |{{flagicon|AUS}} [[Robyn Mawdsley]] |{{flagicon|GBR}} [[Caroline Billingham]] <br /><br /> {{flagicon|AUS}} [[Danielle Thomas]] |2–6, 6–4, 6–7 |- style="background:#f0f8ff;" | style="background:#ffa07a;" |Loss |5. |6 February 1994 |Tipton, United Kingdom |Hard |{{flagicon|ZIM}} [[Paula Iversen]] |{{flagicon|GBR}} [[Alison Smith (tennis)|Alison Smith]] <br /><br /> {{flagicon|GBR}} [[Sara Tse]] |6–4, 4–6, 4–6 |- style="background:#f0f8ff;" | style="background:#ffa07a;" |Loss |6. |3 April 1994 |Marsa, Malta |Clay |{{flagicon|CZE}} [[Ivana Havrlíková]] |{{flagicon|POL}} Isabela Listowska <br /><br /> {{flagicon|GER}} [[Petra Winzenhöller]] |6–7⁽⁵⁾, 3–6 |- bgcolor="#f0f8ff" | style="background:#ffa07a;" |Loss |7. |24 April 1994 |Nottingham, United Kingdom |Hard |{{flagicon|NED}} Caroline Stassen |{{flagicon|AUS}} [[Shannon Peters]] <br /><br /> {{flagicon|AUS}} Nicole Oomens |5–7, 2–6 |- style="background:#f0f8ff;" | style="background:#ffa07a;" |Loss |8. |30 October 1994 |Negril, Jamaica |Hard |{{flagicon|COL}} [[Ximena Rodríguez]] |{{flagicon|RSA}} [[Kim Grant (tennis)|Kim Grant]] <br /><br /> {{flagicon|USA}} Claire Sessions Bailey |2–6, 7–6⁽⁶⁾, 3–6 |- style="background:#f0f8ff;" | style="background:#ffa07a;" |Loss |9. |18 June 1995 |Morelia, Mexico |Hard |{{flagicon|COL}} [[Ximena Rodríguez]] |{{flagicon|USA}} [[Tracey Hiete]] <br /><br /> {{flagicon|CAN}} [[Renata Kolbovic]] |3–6, 5–7 |} == Edensibịa == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * Elizma Nortje at the Women's Tennis Association * Elizma Nortje at the Billie Jean King Cup * Elizma Nortje at the International Tennis Federation {{DEFAULTSORT:Nortje, Elizma}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 4ut10fy8fwimu2rnwy8g6hq5okvipo1 0 39066 644187 155178 2026-05-30T18:46:52Z Chigozirim2005 19722 Fixed reference error 644187 wikitext text/x-wiki   {{Databox}}'''Sheila Piercey''' (18 Maachị 1919 – 14 Ọgọst 2005) bụ onye egwu bọọlụ South Africa. A makwaara ya n'okpuru aha nwunye ya '''Sheila Piercey-Summers''' . Ebe Piercey na Johannesburg, South Africa. Ya na onye ibe ya Eric Sturgess, o meri utu aha agwakọta atọ: na French Open na 1947 na 1949 na na Wimbledon na 1949. N'afọ 1947, ọ ghọrọ nwanyị South Africa mbụ ruru ọkara nke Wimbledon na mmemme otu. <ref name="mailguardian">{{Cite web|title=SA tennis champion from 1940s dies|url=http://mg.co.za/article/2005-08-15-sa-tennis-champion-from-1940s-dies|work=[[Mail & Guardian]]|date=15 August 2005|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170215072626if_/http://mg.co.za/article/2005-08-15-sa-tennis-champion-from-1940s-dies|archivedate=15 February 2017}}</ref> Ọ egwuregwu egwuregwu ahụ n'usoro kwụpụta n'ọkwa onye mmeri mbụ bụ Margaret Osborne . <ref name="wimbledon">{{Cite web|title=Wimbledon player archive – Sheila Summers (Piercey)|url=http://www.wimbledon.com/en_GB/scores/draws/archive/players/ead29a48-d150-4e5b-8812-ad7e71088db7/index.html|work=wimbledon.com|publisher=[[AELTC]]}}</ref> Afọ abụọ ka nke ahụ gasịrị, na 1949, ọ bịarutere semifinal nke asọmpi French ọzọ wee merie Osborne ọzọ n'usoro kwụ ọtọ. Summers meri aha otu isiokwu South Africa na 1948, 1949 na 1951 wee bụrụ onye gbara ọsọ na 1939, 1940 na 1947. N'August 1947, omeri aha otu otu na International Switzerland Championship na Lausann, meri Doris Hart na nke ikpeazụ n'usoro atọ.. <ref>{{Cite book|title=The Dunlop Lawn Tennis Almanack 1948|year=1948|publisher=Ed. J. Burrow & Co.|location=London|pages=201, 201|editor=G.P. Hughes}}</ref> Mgbe ọrụ egwuregwu ya gasịrị, ọ kụziri otu egwuregwu South Africa Federation Cup. <ref name="mailguardian" /> == Agba ikpeazụ Grand Slam == === Abụọ agwakọtara (aha 3) === {| class="sortable wikitable" ! style="width:40px" |Nsonaazụ ! style="width:30px" | Afọ ! style="width:150px" | Asọmpi ! style="width:50px" | Elu ! style="width:170px" | Onye mmekọ ! style="width:170px" | Ndị mmegide ! class="unsortable" style="width:100px" | Akara |- style="background:#ebc2af;" | style="background:#98fb98;" | Mmeri | 1947 | Asọmpi French | Ụrọ |</img> [[Eric Sturgess]] |</img> [[Jadwiga Jędrzejowska]]<br /><br /><br /><br /></img> [[Cristea Caralulis|Cristia Caralulis]] | 6–0, 6–0 |- style="background:#ebc2af;" | style="background:#98fb98;" | Mmeri | 1949 | Asọmpi French | Ụrọ |</img> Eric Sturgess |</img> Jean Quertier<br /><br /><br /><br /></img> [[Gerry Oakley]] | 6–1, 6–1 |- style="background:#cfc;" | style="background:#98fb98;" | Mmeri | 1949 | Wimbledon | Ahịhịa |</img> Eric Sturgess |</img> [[Louise Brough]]<br /><br /><br /><br /></img>[[John Bromwich]] | 9–7, 9–11, 7–5 |} == Edensibia == == Njikọ mpụga == * Sheila Summers at Wimbledon {{French Open mixed doubles champions}}{{Wimbledon mixed doubles champions}} qqbtff3yrefdr1c63aer082mnmiao8n 0 39088 644341 155205 2026-05-30T21:44:56Z Iwuala chisom 17246 Added {{DEFAULTSORT}} 644341 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}  <ref>{{Cite news|title=Wimbledon: Stan Smith Eliminated by Unknown|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/778825810|work=[[St. Lucie News Tribune]]|date=25 June 1975}}</ref>Na-arụsi ọrụ ike na njem nlegharị anya na 1970, Vlotman ugboro abụọ na ihe nkiri otu na Wimbledon . Na 1975, Billie Jean King meri ya na agba nke mbụ, mgbe ahụ na 1976 ọ dara na agba nke abụọ. Vlotman, onye biri na United Kingdom ugbu a, ọrụ dị ka onye nkuzi na tenis. [1] Ọ ngosi onye na-ere aha Clive Vlotman (onye isi Dixon na onye nwe Powerstore). <ref>{{Cite news|author=Gusmaroli|first=Danielle|title=Tycoon's wife tells of daughter's suicide|url=https://www.standard.co.uk/hp/front/tycoon-s-wife-tells-of-daughter-s-suicide-6979786.html|work=[[Evening Standard]]|date=13 April 2012|language=en}}</ref> == Edensibịa == onye nkuzi na tenis. [1] Ọ ngosi onye na-ere aha{{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * Elizabeth Vlotman at the Women's Tennis Association * Elizabeth Vlotman at the International Tennis Federation {{DEFAULTSORT:Vlotman, Elizabeth}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] ghdq9qpuoll6m2lauhy7v2fsyxqmuh5 0 39151 644351 155387 2026-05-30T21:51:58Z Iwuala chisom 17246 Added {{DEFAULTSORT}} 644351 wikitext text/x-wiki {{MedalTableTop}} {{MedalSport|[[Swimming (sport)|Swimming]]}} {{MedalCountry|{{RSA}}}} {{MedalCompetition|[[Paralympic Games]]}} {{MedalBronze|[[1996 Summer Paralympics|1996 Atlanta]]|[[Swimming at the 1996 Summer Paralympics – Women's 50 metre freestyle S10|50 metre freestyle - S10]]}} {{MedalBottom}}{{Databox}} '''Elizabeth Prinsloo''' bụ onye na-egwu mmiri kpọnwụrụ akpọnwụ si [[South Africa]] na-asọ mpi na mmemme udi S10. Elizabeth meriri n'asọmpi 1996 na 2000 Summer Paralymps . Na 1996 ọ meriri ihe nrite ọla na 50m freestyle, yana gụchara nke ise na 100m freestyle, nke isii na 100m nru ububa mana ọ kwụsịrị na okpomọkụ nke 100m azụ azụ. N'egwuregwu 2000 ọ gụchara nke anọ na 50m freestyle, 100m freestyle na 100m backstroke wee gụchaa nke asaa na 400m freestyle. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.paralympic.org/elizabeth-prinsloo|title=Elizabeth Prinsloo|work=Paralympic.org|publisher=[[International Paralympic Committee]]|accessdate=}}</ref> == Edensibịa == == Njikọ mpụga == nke isii na 100m nru ububa mana ọ kwụsịrị * Elizabeth Prinsloo at the International Paralympic Committee {{DEFAULTSORT:Prinsloo, Elizabeth}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] mgfddndah9bk7wwrk4me1vva6d3zm21 0 39281 644047 641903 2026-05-30T14:23:56Z Iwuala chisom 17246 644047 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}  '''Ellen Coleman''' (amuru 11 December 1995) bu onye egwuregwu Ghana nke na-egwu egwu dika onye mgbachitere otu mba umu nwanyi Ghana . == Ọrụ klọb == Coleman agbala Lady Strikers egwu na Ghana. == Ọrụ mba ụwa == Coleman nọ na ndị Ghana na mgba iko mba Afrịka nke 2018 mana ọ pụtaghị na egwuregwu ọ gbala. == Ebensibịa == {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Coleman, Ellen}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] aqrje9jc2ptf61y8rogyzwtwdmojyga 0 39366 644189 155843 2026-05-30T19:01:08Z Chigozirim2005 19722 Fixed reference error 644189 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}    '''Yasmin Shehnaz Meer''' (amụrụ 28 June 1955) bụ onye ọka ikpe South Africa bụ onye na-abụ onye ọka ikpe onye isi oche nke Court Claims Land kemgbe 2012. A họpụtara ya dị ka onye ọka ikpe puisne n'ụlọ ikpe ahụ na 1996, ọ bụkwakwa onye ọka ikpe nke Western Cape High Court kemgbe 2003. Tupu ọ banye na bench, ọ bụ onye ọka iwu na Legal Resources Center . == Ndụ mmalite na ọrụ == A mụrụ Meer na 28 Juun 1955. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|date=3 April 2021|title=Judge Yasmin Shehnaz Meer|url=https://www.pressreader.com/south-africa/daily-maverick/20210403/281689732611837|accessdate=2024-01-26|work=Daily Maverick}}</ref> Nne ya bụ onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị [[Fatima Meer]] . <ref name=":1">{{Cite web|date=2008-10-06|title=Judgement time for Concourt hopefuls|url=https://mg.co.za/article/2008-10-06-judgement-time-for-concourt-hopefuls/|accessdate=2024-01-26|work=The Mail & Guardian|language=en-ZA}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|date=2010-03-12|title=Fatima Meer’s amazing journey|url=https://mg.co.za/article/2010-03-12-fatima-meers-amazing-journey/|accessdate=2024-01-26|work=The Mail & Guardian|language=en-ZA}}</ref> Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Durban Indian Girls High School na 1972, <ref name=":2">{{Cite web|date=2007-08-01|title=Public sector: Judges|url=https://mg.co.za/article/2007-08-01-public-sector-judges/|accessdate=2024-01-26|work=The Mail & Guardian|language=en-ZA}}</ref> ọ gara Mahadum Durban-Westville, ebe ọ gụsịrị BA na 1975. Mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, ọ gụchara LLB na Mahadum Cape Town na 1979 yana LLM na Mahadum Warwick na 1982. <ref name=":3">{{Cite web|title=Judge Y S Meer|url=https://www.judgesmatter.co.za/y-s-meer/|accessdate=2024-01-26|work=Judges Matter|language=en-ZA}}</ref> Mgbe o jesịrị akwụkwọ akụkọ ya na ụlọ ọrụ iwu Dullah Omar, <ref name=":1" />[https://mg.co.za/article/2008-10-06-judgement-time-for-concourt-hopefuls/ "Judgement time for Concourt hopefuls"]. ''The Mail & Guardian''. 6 October 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 January</span> 2024</span>.</cite></ref> Meer nabatara dị ka onye ọka iwu na 1983. <ref name=":2" /> Ọ banyere n'omume iwu na Legal Resources Center na [[Cape Town]], ebe ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye ọka iwu n'okwu gbasara [[Iwu Metụtara Oha|mmasị ọha na eze]] maka afọ 13 na-esote. <ref name=":2" /> Ọ bụ onye osote onye isi obodo nke etiti ahụ site na 1994 ruo 1996 wee bụrụ onye isi ala ya na 1996. <ref name=":0" /> == Ọrụ ikpe == Mgbe e mesịrị na 1996, a họpụtara Meer ka ọ bụrụ onye ọka ikpe na Ụlọikpe Nkwupụta Ala nke e guzobere ọhụrụ, <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|date=3 April 2021|title=Judge Yasmin Shehnaz Meer|url=https://www.pressreader.com/south-africa/daily-maverick/20210403/281689732611837|accessdate=2024-01-26|work=Daily Maverick}}</ref> <ref name=":3" /> Na Nọvemba 2002, Onye isi ala Thabo Mbeki kwupụtara na ya ga-ahọpụtakwa Meer ka ọ bụrụ onye ọkaikpe nke Western Cape Division nke Ụlọikpe Kasị Elu nke South Africa . Ọ sonyeere Ụlọikpe Kasị Elu na 27 Jenụarị 2003, <ref>{{Cite web|date=4 November 2002|title=Mbeki appoints new judges|url=https://www.news24.com/news24/mbeki-appoints-new-judges-20021104|accessdate=2024-01-26|work=News24|language=en-US}}</ref> ma emesia ọ kewara oge ya n'etiti Ụlọikpe Kasị Elu na Cape Town na Ụlọikpe Nkwupụta Ala na Johannesburg . <ref name=":2">{{Cite web|date=2007-08-01|title=Public sector: Judges|url=https://mg.co.za/article/2007-08-01-public-sector-judges/|accessdate=2024-01-26|work=The Mail & Guardian|language=en-ZA}}</ref> Otu n'ime ikpe ya na Ụlọikpe Kasị Elu, na nghọta na ego ndị otu ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, kwadoro site na Ụlọikpe Iwu nke South Africa na ''My Vote Counts v Minister of Justice and Rerectional Services'' . <ref name=":3" /> N'afọ 2012, mgbe onye ọka ikpe n'ụlọ ikpe nke Land Claims, Onye isi ala [[Fikile Bam]] nwụsịrị, etinyere Meer ka ọ bụrụ onye isi oche ọkaikpe nke ụlọ ikpe. <ref name=":3" /> == Ụlọ ikpe mkpegharị == Meer bụ onye ọka ikpe na-ekpe ikpe na Ụlọikpe Kasị Elu nke Mkpegharị na 2011, <ref name=":3">{{Cite web|title=Judge Y S Meer|url=https://www.judgesmatter.co.za/y-s-meer/|accessdate=2024-01-26|work=Judges Matter|language=en-ZA}}</ref> na ahọpụtara ya maka ibuli ya n'Ụlọikpe Ọchịchị ọtụtụ oge. Edepụtara ya aha maka ibuli elu na 2003, <ref name=":1" /> wee gbaa ajụjụ ọnụ ọzọ na 2008. <ref>{{Cite web|date=2008-10-27|title=Concourt post still not filled|url=https://mg.co.za/article/2008-10-27-concourt-post-still-not-filled/|accessdate=2024-01-26|work=The Mail & Guardian|language=en-ZA}}</ref> N'oge abụọ ka e mesịrị, na 2009 na 2021, a họpụtara ya mana ọ kwụsịrị n'esemokwu tupu Ụlọ Ọrụ Na-ahụ Maka Ikpe na-ekpe ikpe ya. <ref>{{Cite web|date=2009-09-17|title=Another judge withdraws from JSC Concourt interviews|url=https://mg.co.za/article/2009-09-17-another-judge-withdraws-from-jsc-concourt-interviews/|accessdate=2024-01-26|work=The Mail & Guardian|language=en-ZA}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|date=2 February 2021|title=JSC shortlists candidates for judicial positions|url=https://www.news24.com/news24/southafrica/news/jsc-shortlists-candidates-for-judicial-positions-20210202|accessdate=2024-01-26|work=News24|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|author=Hawker|first=Dianne|date=2021-04-06|title=Who’s up for the top judicial posts in the ConCourt?|url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2021-04-06-whos-up-for-the-top-judicial-posts-in-the-concourt/|accessdate=2024-01-26|work=Daily Maverick|language=en}}</ref> == Ndụ onwe onye == Meer gbara alụkwaghịm ma mụọ ụmụ atọ. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web|date=2008-10-06|title=Judgement time for Concourt hopefuls|url=https://mg.co.za/article/2008-10-06-judgement-time-for-concourt-hopefuls/|accessdate=2024-01-26|work=The Mail & Guardian|language=en-ZA}}</ref> == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * [https://www.judgesmatter.co.za/y-s-meer/ YS Meer] na Ndị Ikpe Matter * [https://gcbsa.co.za/jscdocs/2021%20April/Meer%20%28Concourt%29.pdf Nyochaa] nke Council Bar [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] koqjdyquqb2zdxx6si2va5zpf7tgyyc 0 39372 644338 155854 2026-05-30T21:43:09Z Iwuala chisom 17246 Added {{DEFAULTSORT}} 644338 wikitext text/x-wiki  {{Databox}} '''Elizabeth Wambui''' (Track 1998) bụ onye egwuregwu Kenya nke na-egwu egwu dị ka onye ọkpọ Gaspo Women FC na ndị otu mba egwuregwu Kenya . == Ọrụ mba ụwa == Wambui gbara maka ọsọ Kenya n'ọkwa dị elu n'oge ntozu ụmụ ekiri CAF 2020 ( agba nke abụọ). <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://footballkenya.org/harambee-starlets-aggregate-win-malawi/|work=FKF|title=Harambee Starlets complete Olympics Qualifier aggregate win over Malawi|date=September 2019}}</ref> == Hụkwa == * Ndepụta ndị egwuregwu bọọlụ mba ụwa ụmụ nwanyị Kenya == Edensibịa == {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Wambui, Elizabeth}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] p0c4su96jznbdm71dd92ssef6c7zkvk 0 39476 644217 156051 2026-05-30T19:37:37Z Wikipedian12512(alt) 61413 ce 644217 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Heba Rabie''' (amuru (1983 -02-14 ) ) bu onye egwuregwu bọọlụ volleyball nwanyị Egypt lara ezumike nka, onye gbara egwu dị ka onye na-egbochi etiti. Ọ bụ akụkụ nke otu egwuregwu volleyball ụmụ nwanyị Egypt na 2002 FIVB Volleyball World Championship na Germany. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://todor66.com/volleyball/World/Women_2002.html|title=Women Volleyball XIII World Championship 2002 - Teams Composition. - Egypt|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151227011747/http://todor66.com/volleyball/World/Women_2002.html|archivedate=27 December 2015|work=todor66.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.fivb.ch/EN/Volleyball/Competitions/WorldChampionships/Women/2002/Teams/Team_Roster.asp?Code=EGY|title=Team Rosters|work=www.fivb.ch|accessdate=2017-04-06|archivedate=18 November 2010|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101118082442/http://www.fivb.ch/En/Volleyball/Competitions/WorldChampionships/Women/2002/Teams/Team_Roster.asp?Code=EGY}}</ref> Na ọkwa klọb ọ na-egwuri egwu na AL Shams Club. == Klọb == * [[AL Shams Club]] (2002) == Edensibia == <references /> [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 00h1xc0hnnfmj1qv94mnt6nm9dump95 0 39775 644125 156671 2026-05-30T17:16:33Z Chigozirim2005 19722 Fixed reference error 644125 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Sharon Emily Epperson''' (amụrụ n'April 12, 1968) bụ onye isi na-ahụ maka ego nke CNBC.<ref name="CBS1">{{Cite web|title=Pittsburgh Native, Financial Correspondent Sharon Epperson On Surviving Brain Aneurysm: 'Just Being Here Is Such A Blessing'|url=https://pittsburgh.cbslocal.com/2018/09/21/financial-correspondent-sharon-epperson-brain-aneurysm-survivor/|work=CBS Pittsburgh|date=21 September 2018|accessdate=14 March 2020}}</ref> Ọ pụtakwara na ihe ngosi NBC Akụkọ, Taa na NBC Nightly News . <ref name="Monique">{{Cite web|author=Monique|first=Porsha|title=CNBC finance correspondent Sharon Epperson shares expert advice|url=https://rollingout.com/2018/04/07/sharon-epperson-sr-personal-finance-correspondent-cnbc-shares-expert-advice/|work=Rolling Out|date=7 April 2018|accessdate=14 March 2020}}</ref> == Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ == Epperson bụ ada David E. Epperson na Ceceila T. Epperson, onye nkuzi lagoro ezumike nka na Pittsburgh Sistemụ Ụlọ Akwụkwọ Ọha, nkuzi ikpeazụ na Lincoln Ụlọ akwụkwọ elementrị na Pittsburgh.<ref name="Kalson">{{Cite web|author=Kalson|first=Sally|title=Obituary: David E. Epperson / Longtime dean at University of Pittsburgh social work school|url=https://www.post-gazette.com/news/obituaries/2011/06/22/Obituary-David-E-Epperson-Longtime-dean-at-University-of-Pittsburgh-social-work-school/stories/201106220174|work=Pittsburgh Post-Gazette|accessdate=14 March 2020}}</ref> Nna nna ya bụ onye na-arụ ọrụ ígwè.[1] Nna ya, onye nwụrụ ugbu a, bụ Dean nke Ụlọ akwụkwọ nke Social Work na Mahadum Pittsburgh ruo ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ afọ 30 ma bụrụ onye isi Afrịka Amerịka mbụ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ.[1]<ref name="Kalson" /> Epperson gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Taylor Allderdice Ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị nke Pittsburgh na 1986 ma tinye ya n'ime ụlọ nzukọ ndị gụsịrị akwụkwọ ha n'afọ 2011.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Allderdice to induct 6 to Alumni Hall of Fame|url=http://www.post-gazette.com/stories/local/neighborhoods-city/allderdice-to-induct-6-to-alumni-hall-of-fame-321622/|accessdate=July 18, 2012|work=Pittsburgh Post-Gazette|date=October 31, 2011}}</ref> Ọ rụrụ ọrụ n'oge ọkọchị mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na asatọ na ngalaba ọbá akwụkwọ Pittsburgh Press. Epperson nwere nzere bachelọ na Sociology na gọọmentị na Mahadum Harvard, nzere masta na ihe gbasara mba ụwa na Mahadum Columbia, na nzere doctorate na Mahadam Carlow dị na Pittsburgh. <ref name="Oyedele">{{Cite web|author=Oyedele|first=Akin|title=Meet The Women Of CNBC|url=https://www.businessinsider.com/women-of-cnbc-2014-11#sharon-epperson-20|work=Business Insider|accessdate=14 March 2020}}</ref> <ref name="Monique" /> id="CITEREFMonique2018">Monique, Porsha (7 April 2018). [https://rollingout.com/2018/04/07/sharon-epperson-sr-personal-finance-correspondent-cnbc-shares-expert-advice/ "CNBC finance correspondent Sharon Epperson shares expert advice"]. ''Rolling Out''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 March</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref><ref name="Clarke">{{Cite web|author=Clarke|first=Caroline|title=TV JOURNALIST SHARON EPPERSON BATTLES BACK FROM BRAIN INJURY|url=https://www.blackenterprise.com/sharon-epperson-brain-aneurysm/|work=Black Enterprise|date=10 November 2017|accessdate=14 March 2020}}</ref> Na Harvard, ọ sonyeere Lambda Upsilon chapter nke Alpha Kappa Alpha sorority.<ref name="Carrejo">{{Cite web|author=Carrejo|first=Cate|title=Who Is Sharon Epperson? The CNBC Correspondent Will Add A Lot To The GOP Debate|url=https://www.bustle.com/articles/119273-who-is-sharon-epperson-the-cnbc-correspondent-will-add-a-lot-to-the-gop-debate|work=Bustle|date=25 October 2015|accessdate=14 March 2020}}</ref> Ọ bụ onye nkuzi nke ihe omume mba ụwa na Mahadum Ụlọ akwụkwọ Columbia nke International Public Affairs kemgbe afọ 2000.[4]<ref name="Carrejo"> == Ọrụ == N'afọ 1996, Epperson malitere ịrụ ọrụ na CNBC.<ref name="Carrejo">{{Cite web|author=Carrejo|first=Cate|title=Who Is Sharon Epperson? The CNBC Correspondent Will Add A Lot To The GOP Debate|url=https://www.bustle.com/articles/119273-who-is-sharon-epperson-the-cnbc-correspondent-will-add-a-lot-to-the-gop-debate|work=Bustle|date=25 October 2015|accessdate=14 March 2020}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFCarrejo2015">Carrejo, Cate (25 October 2015). [https://www.bustle.com/articles/119273-who-is-sharon-epperson-the-cnbc-correspondent-will-add-a-lot-to-the-gop-debate "Who Is Sharon Epperson? The CNBC Correspondent Will Add A Lot To The GOP Debate"]. ''Bustle''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 March</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> Ọ bụbu onye isi na-ahụ maka ike nke CNBC, nke nọ na New York Mercantile Exchange (NYMEX) na-ekpuchi ahịa ahịa kwa ụbọchị ruo afọ asatọ. N'afọ 2015, Epperson bụ otu n'ime ndị otu isii na-akọwa arụmụka onye isi ala nke Republican. [1] <ref name="NYTDebate">{{Cite news|title=CNBC May be the Big Winner of the Next Republican Debate|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/10/28/business/media/a-debate-cnbc-plans-to-win.html|work=The New York Times|date=28 October 2015|accessdate=14 March 2020|author=Koblin|first=John}}</ref>> Epperson ekpuchila ego nkeonwe na kọlụm maka ''USA Weekend'' na ederede ya apụtawokwa na magazin Essence, The Boston Globe, The Washington Post, The Wall Street Journal, na magazin Self.<ref name="Oyedele" /> Ọ dekwara The Big Payoff: Nzọụkwụ 8 Di na nwunye nwere ike ime iji nweta ego ha kacha mma ma bie ndụ nke ọma. <ref>[http://www.harpercollins.com/books/9780060744885/The_Big_Payoff/excerpt.aspx ''The Big Payoff'']</ref> Epperson na-akwado usoro vidiyo dijitalụ Retire Well . <ref name="Monique" /> == Onyinye == 1995: 1st ebe nsọpụrụ site na National Association of Black Journalists maka mkpuchi otu na akụkọ mkpuchi Time magazine na Nation of Islam.1999: Silver World Medal site na New York Festivals, asọmpi mmemme telivishọn mba ụwa.2001: Gracie Allen Award site na Foundation of American Women in Radio and Television.2003: Trailblazer of the Year Award site na New York Association of Black Journalists.2003: All-Star Award site na Association of Women in Communications. == Ndụ onwe onye == Nwa afọ Pittsburgh, ya na di ya,, Christopher John Farley, bụkwa onye odeakụkọ na-ede akwụkwọ nwetara ihe nrite, bi na Westchester County, NY, ya na ụmụ ha abụọ. Ha lụrụ kemgbe Ọgọst 30, 1997, 1997.<ref name="CBS1" />[https://pittsburgh.cbslocal.com/2018/09/21/financial-correspondent-sharon-epperson-brain-aneurysm-survivor/ "Pittsburgh Native, Financial Correspondent Sharon Epperson On Surviving Brain Aneurysm: 'Just Being Here Is Such A Blessing'"]. ''CBS Pittsburgh''. 21 September 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 March</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref><ref name="Clarke" /> Nwanne ya nwanyị, Lia Epperson, bụ onye ọka iwu na-ahụ maka ihe ndị ruuru mmadụ na prọfesọ iwu na Mahadum Washington College of Law nke Amerika, onye bụbu onye isi oche NAACP Ben Jealous bụ onye bụbu nwanne di Sharon.<ref name="Kalson" />{{Cite web|author=Kalson|first=Sally|title=Obituary: David E. Epperson / Longtime dean at University of Pittsburgh social work school|url=https://www.post-gazette.com/news/obituaries/2011/06/22/Obituary-David-E-Epperson-Longtime-dean-at-University-of-Pittsburgh-social-work-school/stories/201106220174|work=Pittsburgh Post-Gazette|accessdate=14 March 2020}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFKalson">Kalson, Sally. [https://www.post-gazette.com/news/obituaries/2011/06/22/Obituary-David-E-Epperson-Longtime-dean-at-University-of-Pittsburgh-social-work-school/stories/201106220174 "Obituary: David E. Epperson / Longtime dean at University of Pittsburgh social work school"]. ''Pittsburgh Post-Gazette''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 March</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref><ref name="traction">{{Cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/md-politics/ben-jealous-sanders-style-democrat-gaining-traction-in-clinton-loving-md/2018/06/06/183ff4e4-644e-11e8-a768-ed043e33f1dc_story.html|title=Ben Jealous: Sanders-style Democrat gains traction in Clinton-loving Md.|work=The Washington Post|date=June 6, 2018|first=Ovetta|author=Wiggins|accessdate=June 27, 2018}}</ref> N'afọ 2016, Epperson nwere nkwarụ nke aneurysm ụbụrụ mgbe ọ nọ n'ụlọ mmega ahụ, mana o nweghị mmerụ ahụ ụbụrụ na adịgide adịgide.<ref name="Bondy">{{Cite web|author=Bondy|first=Halley|title=How a brain aneurysm helped CNBC's Sharon Epperson embrace change|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/know-your-value/feature/how-brain-aneurysm-helped-cnbc-s-sharon-epperson-embrace-change-ncna1104621|work=NBC|date=19 December 2019|accessdate=14 March 2020}}</ref><ref name="Clarke" /> == Hụkwa == * Ndị New York na akwụkwọ akụkọ == Edensibia == <references /> == Njikọ mpụga == * [https://www.cnbc.com/id/15838163/ Profaịlụ CNBC] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20070416014112/http://www.journalismjobs.com/sharon_epperson.cfm Ọrụ Akụkọ] {{Authority control}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] o1bly5u6pcepq90fig7717j6oe1roq0 0 40043 644010 157281 2026-05-30T13:40:21Z Geraldine Kene 23189 Fixed reference error 644010 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Usòrò:Zbigniew_Wilczek.jpg|thumb| Wilczek na 2020]] <ref>{{Cite news|page=4|author=Heywood|first=Lachlan|title=Umbrella man rules great mayoral debate|work=[[The Courier-Mail]]|date=2004-02-28}}</ref>Zbygnew Wilczek, ma ọ bụ Zbigniew Marian Wilczek, ịpụta dị ka Ziggy the Bag Man, bụ nwoke bi na-aja dị n'ime ime Brisbane nke Taringa .  zigg  Ziggy mgbasa mgbasa ozi na 2004, na-aghọ okwu na-ese okwu na-amalite aka ime obodo abụọ na-esochi. == Akụkọndụ == <ref name="Betoota">{{Cite news|url=https://www.betootaadvocate.com/headlines/ziggy-bagman-secretly-millionaire-says-brisbane/|title=Ziggy The Bagman Secretly A Millionaire, Says Brisbane|first=Clancy|author=Overell|date=7 February 2018|work=The Betoota Advocate|accessdate=2 August 2021}}</ref>Zbygnew Wilczek njikwa c.  1960-61 ma bụrụ onye mba Poland . <ref name="auto" /> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2022-05-23/ziggy-the-brisbane-bag-man-wants-access-money-nab/101084294|title=Ziggy the bag man's mission to access his money and help other vulnerable people|date=22 May 2022|accessdate=3 June 2022|work=Abc.net.au}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://taringanews.com.au/ziggy-bagman-finds-peace-taringa/|title=Ziggy the Bagman Finds Peace in Taringa|publisher=Taringa News|accessdate=2 August 2021}}</ref> Ọta n'ihu ọha n'afọ 2000 na Lord Mayor Jim Soorley na-agwa nke ụfọdụ ụlọ ọrụ obodo bụ ndị ikwu na ihe omume Wilczek dọtara oke ma na-akụda ndị ọrụ.  [1]<ref name="Betoota" /> Ná Mak 2004 ọ bụ isiokwu nke "Operation Ziggy", nke ABC presenter (site na 612 AM) Spencer Howson ime ya ụlọ.  a gbasịrị ya asị ọnụ na ikuku, e nwere na Zbigniew achọghị iso so na ụgwọ a, Mgbe elele ahụ daa. <ref name="operationZbigniew">{{Cite news|title=Spencer's "Operation Ziggy" Collapses on Day One|work=[[612 ABC Brisbane]]|date=2004-01-19|url=http://www.abc.net.au/brisbane/stories/s1028202.htm|accessdate=2 August 2021}}</ref> N'afọ 2004, ndị ikom atọ tụbara bọmbụ ụlọ na Ziggy n'ime ọnwa isii nke kpatara nhụjuanya Ziggy na-ere ọkụ ma ọ dịkarịa ala otu oge. A tụrụ ndị ikom a mkpọrọ n'afọ 2006 maka ebubo ịchụso ime ihe ike. <ref name="auto">{{Cite news|url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2006-02-23/trio-jailed-for-attack-against-homeless-man-ziggy/804956|title=Trio jailed for attack against homeless man 'Ziggy'|date=23 February 2006|work=Abc.net.au|accessdate=2 August 2021}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://www.abc.net.au/news/2006-02-23/trio-jailed-for-attack-against-homeless-man-ziggy/804956 "Trio jailed for attack against homeless man 'Ziggy'"]. ''Abc.net.au''. 23 February 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 August</span> 2021</span>.</cite></ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://upload.sjc.uq.edu.au/2005/pdfs/timoct6.pdf|title=Interview with Zbigniew|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20060824050110/http://upload.sjc.uq.edu.au/2005/pdfs/timoct6.pdf|archivedate=24 August 2006}}</ref>N'afọ ahụ ka e hụ, ihe ọrụ ya nke onye omenkà obodo bụ Bruce Chapman sere na ihe nrite Archibald .  [1] naanị ego ọ kwuru bụ nri ruru $8, ice cream, ọtụtụ bisikiiti na karama mmetụta dị nro .  Zbigniew USB , ọnụ ọgụgụ maka nyocha yiri nke $10. Na Disemba 2005, ndị uwe ojii weghaara ọtụtụ bins nke akpa rọba dị na ya ma nye Ziggy iwu ka ọ kwaga n'ogige High Street ya. <ref name="ABC612">{{Cite news|author=Levingston|first=Rebecca|title=Ziggy's great escape|work=[[612 ABC Brisbane]]|format=item|accessdate=2021-08-02|date=2008-12-02|url=https://www.abc.net.au/local/stories/2008/12/02/2435161.htm}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.couriermail.com.au/news/queensland/brisbanes-most-famous-homeless-person-ziggy-the-bagman-back-on-the-streets/news-story/53ee95e050211a122e2a5b837802ecd6|title=Brisbane's most famous homeless person, Ziggy the bagman, back on the streets|first=Kate|author=Higgins|date=7 November 2011|work=Courier-Mail|accessdate=2 August 2021}}</ref> Na Julaị 2006 Zbigniew si n'ebe High Street <ref>{{Cite news|page=31|author=Atfield|first=Cameron|title=Zbigniew in stardust as he abandons High Street|work=[[The Courier-Mail]]|date=2006-07-27|url=http://www.couriermail.news.com.au/story/0,20797,19926406-3102,00.html}}</ref> gawa ebe ọhụrụ na Oakman Park. Akụkọ redio kwuru na ọ kwagara n'ihi mwakpo a na-ebuso ya n'ebe ochie ya. Dịka nke 2008, ọ dabere na nso Toowong Creek. <ref name="ABC612" /> Dị ka opekata mpe 2013, ọ kwagara na ogige Morrow n'etiti Morrow Street na Moggil Road. == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Ịda ogbenye]] e2a19dwst18td00gl24xgllx0f6i2dv 0 40084 644443 159818 2026-05-31T01:38:08Z Sylvaline39 15355 Fixed reference error 644443 wikitext text/x-wiki The Scanner Price Accuracy Code bụ omume afụ ndị Canada ndị na-ere akara nke Kansụl Retail nke Canada na-achịkwa yana ndị ụlọ ọrụ akwụkwọ.  Ewebatara ya na June 2002 : 2 dị ka ndị na-ere aha Canada nọ n'etiti iji ndị na-agụ akwụkwọ koodu na-emelite eji akara akara ha iji "na-egosipụta obi ndị na-enye ahahade" na mgbochi ọhụrụ.  Ọ na-enye ndị na-azụ echere echere maka ihe nlere ọnụ ahịa njikwa ezi Ndị Retail Council nke Canada mepụtara ya na mmekorita ya na Canadian Association of Chain Drug Stores (ugbu a Neighborhood Pharmacy Association of Canada), Canadian Federation of Independent Grocers na Canadian Council of Grocery Distributors. : 2  == Koodu == Koodu a na- alaka ụlọ ọrụ ndị na-ere na-enye ọrụ na mmemme apụta.  Otu n'ime isi ya bụ "Item Free Scanner Policy".  : 3 Ɔ na nkɛntɛnso nke ihe na-egosi ụlọ ezi n'oge ọrụ n'ebe a na-ere ere, onye njikwa ikike ikike maka igbochi;  ọ bụrụ na ọnụ ahịa ahụ ahụ $10, ha na-enweta ya n'efu, ma ọ bụrụ na ọnụ ahịa ihe ngosi ahụ ala $10, onye akara na-enweta mbelata $10.  Ọ bụrụ na onye na-egosi ihe egwuregwu otu n'ime ihe ahụ, nke mbụ na-eguzobe na-eguzo ọtọ, ma ndị ọzọ na-enyo na mmetụta ire ere.  Aha aha ọrụ nwere ike ike nke ebisara na ụlọ ọrụ, na akwụkwọ ozi mgbasa ozi, ma ọ bụ na mgbasa ozi ịntanetị . Ihe ndị koodu ahụ kpuchiri gụnyere ndị nwe koodu Universal (UPC), koodu ill ihi (PLU), ma ọ bụ koodu barcode ndị ọzọ nke onye na-agụ barcode na-egosi n'ebe ọrụ.  : 2 Usoro ahụ emetụta ihe ndị a na- paying n'otu n'otu (ya bụ, ha mkpado ọrụ ), ihe ndị na-eme ihe atụ ( ,ka ese ), ọgwụ ndenye ọgwụ, na ihe omume mma dị naanị "  n'azụ-na-counter". === Mkpebi nsogbu === Onye egwuregwu na-enweghi agbaghara na egwu onye na-ere aha nke onye na-azụ maka mgbanwe mgbanwe ntozu ibu ụzọ ụzọ nwa iji onye njikwa ma ọ bụ onye ụlọ ụlọ dozie ya.  Ọ bụrụ na nke a na-atụghị egwu, onye njikwa nwere ike ikike Retail Council of Canada Scanner Price Accuracy Committee na nọmba ekwentị efu iji debanye aha aha.  : 5 Ihe dị ka 92% nke oku kwa awụ 1000 nke kọmitii anabatara ziri ezi.</link><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="The material near this tag is possibly inaccurate or nonfactual. (December 2021)">atụ egwu</span></nowiki>&#x20;''&#x5D;</sup> == Ntinye aka == Enwere ụdọ, ole na ole na-ekere òkè, mana ha na-anya anya ụlọ akwụkwọ 7,000 na Canada niile, e edi ndị nọ na Quebec nke Iwu Nchedo Ndị ahịa na-ekpuchi.  Otu n'ime ha bụ Best Buy, Canadian Taya, Costco, Giant Tiger, Depot Home, Lawtons, Loblaw Companies, Rona, Safeway, Shoppers Drug Mart, Sobeys, Toys "R" Anyị, na Walmart . == Ntụaka == {{Reflist|refs= <ref name="CB">{{cite web|url=https://competitionbureau.gc.ca/eic/site/cb-bc.nsf/vwapj/ct02380e.pdf/$file/ct02380e.pdf|title=Scanner Price Accuracy Voluntary Code|publisher=[[Competition Bureau]]|date=2002|access-date=28 November 2021|accessdate=2 April 2024|archivedate=2 December 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211202051329/https://www.competitionbureau.gc.ca/eic/site/cb-bc.nsf/vwapj/ct02380e.pdf/$file/ct02380e.pdf}}</ref> [[Òtù:Ikike Nri]] bkwitbyzhm0c5d684ibnvyzqs5a45do 0 40128 643996 157402 2026-05-30T13:17:48Z Chiziqa 13055 Fixed reference error 643996 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}  '''NowMedical''' bụ ụlọ ọrụ [[London]] na-enyocha ikpe ahụike iji nye ndị kansụl ime obodo na Home Office ndụmọdụ ma mmadụ tozuru maka nkwado ogologo oge n'okpuru Usoro Nduzi enweghị ebe obibi UK. Ndị kansụl ndị ahụ na-enyocha ma onye ahụ kpachaara anya na-enweghị ebe obibi, njikọ ha na mpaghara mpaghara, yana ma ọ dị oke mfe karịa onye nkịtị ga-abụ ma ọ bụrụ na ha enweghị ebe obibi. Ndị kansụl ndị ahụ na-enyochakwa nkwarụ anụ ahụ, nsogbu ahụike uche, yana ma ndị mmadụ n'otu n'otu bụ agadi, na-agbanarị mmegbu n'ụlọ ma ọ bụ nọrọ na nlekọta ma ọ bụ ndị agha. NowMedical na-enye ndụmọdụ, mana mkpebi ikpeazụ dabere na kansụl ime obodo. <ref name="BIJ" /> == Akụkọ ihe mere eme == NowMedical tọrọ ntọala na 2004 site n'aka John W. Keen, onye ndabere ya dị ka onye na-ahụ maka ahụike n'ozuzu. Ndị ọchịchị ụlọ amụbaala iji NowMedical n'ime afọ 20 gara aga. Bracknell Forest Council bụ otu n'ime ihe karịrị kansụl 100 na Disemba 2019 na-eji ụlọ ọrụ ahụ, na-enye kansụl ahụ nyocha 44 n'oge 2019. <ref>{{Cite news|date=31 December 2019|title=Bracknell Forest Council using controversial NowMedical firm|publisher=Bracknell News|url=https://www.bracknellnews.co.uk/news/18130284.bracknell-forest-council-using-controversial-nowmedical-firm/|accessdate=10 February 2020}}</ref> Site na 2016 ruo 2019, NowMedical dụrụ ọdụ Islington Council n'ihe karịrị ikpe 6,000. A kwụrụ ha £ 17,525 n'ime ọnwa 12 ruo Nọvemba 2018. <ref>{{Cite news|date=3 May 2019|title=NowMedical: Controversial company could be out of contract with Islington Council next year, FOI reveals|publisher=Islington Gazette|url=https://www.islingtongazette.co.uk/news/nowmedical-could-stop-assessing-vulnerable-people-s-housing-applications-in-islington-next-year-1-6031234|accessdate=30 November 2019}}</ref> Na Jenụwarị 2020, a kọrọ na kansụl ahụ ga-akwụsị iji ọrụ ahụ n'ihi nchegbu gbasara nyocha ahụike sitere na mba ọzọ. <ref name=":0">{{Cite news|date=15 January 2020|title=Islington to drop NowMedical over homelessness assessment fears|publisher=Bureau of Investigative Journalism|url=https://www.thebureauinvestigates.com/stories/2020-01-15/islington-council-to-drop-nowmedical-over-homelessness-assessment-fears|accessdate=10 February 2020}}</ref> Ugbua Medical zara ajụjụ ndị a na ha "[emeghị] na enweghị ike ịme mkpebi ọ bụla n'aha ndị isi obodo". <ref name=":0" /> == Nkatọ na esemokwu == N'afọ 2015. A katọrọ Medical Now maka inye ndị kansụl echiche ahụike na-ahụghị ndị mmadụ ma ọ bụ ndekọ ahụike nke ndị ha na-enyocha ahụike ha, si otú a "na-enye ndị kansụl ihe akaebe nke abụọ." <ref>{{Cite news|title=Lawyers hit out at council's reliance on controversial medical reports in housing cases|url=https://www.hackneycitizen.co.uk/2019/04/01/lawyers-hit-out-councils-reliance-controversial-medical-reports-housing-cases/|accessdate=30 November 2019|publisher=Hackney Citizen|date=1 April 2019}}</ref> Onye omebe iwu Liberal Democrat Christine Jardine kwuru na ekwesịrị inwe "nyocha otu ụlọ ọrụ dị ka NowMedical si enye nkwekọrịta iji mee ụdị nyocha ndị a." <ref>{{Cite news|title=Call for end to sick and disabled people being medically assessed by private firms they have never met|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/sick-disabled-medical-assessments-nowmedical-home-office-councils-homeless-assessments-asylumedical-a9252411.html|accessdate=11 February 2020|publisher=Independent|date=18 December 2019}}</ref> Na Nọvemba 2019 Keen dụrụ ọdụ na otu nwanyị nọ n'ụlọ mgbe ọ nwesịrị ọrịa strok nwere ike ịlaghachi Sudan n'ụgbọelu, na-atụ aro mgbatị ahụ mgbe ọ nọ n'ụgbọelu site na ịgagharị n'ime ụlọ. <ref>{{Cite news|title="Fit to fly?" Woman awaiting spinal surgery is fit to be deported, controversial doctor tells UK Home Office|url=https://www.opendemocracy.net/en/shine-a-light/fit-to-fly-woman-awaiting-spinal-surgery-is-fit-to-be-deported-controversial-doctor-tells-uk-home-office/?|accessdate=30 November 2019|publisher=Open Democracy|date=28 November 2019}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-12-18|title=Sick and disabled people deemed fit after being assessed by doctors who have never spoken to them|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/housing-medical-assessments-home-office-london-nowmedical-a9249011.html|accessdate=2020-06-22|work=The Independent|language=en}}</ref> Thanet District Council gbachitere iji ụlọ ọrụ ahụ mee ihe na 2019, na-ekwu na "ọrụ ha bụ ịchọpụta ma ọnọdụ ụlọ mmadụ na-emetụta ahụike ha. Ha anọghị ebe ahụ iji dochie ọrụ ndị NHS na-enye na ndị mmadụ kwesịrị ịga na GP nke ha ka ha kwurịta ya. ahụike na ọgwụ ha." <ref>{{Cite news|title=Call for review of private medical company used by councils including Thanet for 'vulnerable' housing need assessments|url=https://theisleofthanetnews.com/2019/12/19/call-for-review-of-private-medical-company-used-by-councils-including-thanet-for-vulnerable-housing-assessments/|accessdate=2 March 2020|publisher=Isle of Thanet News|date=19 December 2019}}</ref> === Nkatọ ụlọ ikpe === Na 2017, Ụlọikpe Mpaghara dị na Central London katọrọ ya maka ndụmọdụ ya na Lambeth Council, na-ekwu na "[NowMedical's] iji nweta nkwubi okwu adịghị mma dị ka ụzọ isi nye ozi ga-enyere onye na-eme mkpebi aka ". <ref>{{Cite news|date=3 October 2017|title=Vulnerability, medical evidence & Now Medical|publisher=Nearly Legal|url=https://nearlylegal.co.uk/2017/10/vulnerabilitymedical-evidence-now-medical/|accessdate=30 November 2019}}</ref> Na 2017, NowMedical nyere echiche ahụike na Haringey Council gbasara nne ga-elekọta nwa nwere autism. Okwu ahụ metụtara ntozu ụlọ obibi nke enyere ya na ezinụlọ ya, yana ihe egwu nwere ike ime nwatakịrị ahụ na-esi na ụlọ dị n'ala nke mbụ nwere ohere ịnweta mbara ihu. Keen kwuru na ihe ngwọta kachasị mma ga-abụ ụlọ nke dị n'ala, agbanyeghị "nyere ọdịda site n'ala mbụ enweghị ike ịnwụ, na nnweta nke ụlọ ala nwere ike ịdị ụkọ nke nwere ike igbu oge ịkwaga ebe ọzọ, mgbe ahụ echere m. na ụlọ nke mbụ bụ ihe ọzọ a na-anabata." Ụlọikpe Kasị Elu kwuru ndụmọdụ a na 2018, nke kwuru na "o doghị anya na usoro ahụike ọ na-abịa na njedebe ya". <ref name="BIJ">{{Cite web|title=How a doctor who has never seen you can say you're fit enough to sleep on the streets|url=https://www.thebureauinvestigates.com/stories/2019-12-18/how-a-doctor-who-has-never-seen-you-can-say-youre-fit-enough-to-sleep-on-the-streets|accessdate=2021-03-10|work=The Bureau of Investigative Journalism|language=en}}</ref> == Edensibia == nkịtị ga-abụ ma ọ bụrụ na ha enweghị ebe obibi. Ndị kansụl ndị ahụ na-enyochakwa nkwarụ anụ ahụ, nsogbu ahụike uche, yanankịtị ga-abụ ma ọ bụrụ na ha enweghị ebe obibi. Ndị kansụl ndị ahụ na-enyochakwa nkwarụ anụ ahụ, nsogbu ahụike uche, yana {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] k5cjde7sd4ckq1mk26wwh15nof7lqk7 0 40361 644188 157760 2026-05-30T18:49:04Z Chigozirim2005 19722 Fixed reference error 644188 wikitext text/x-wiki Dame Sheila Marshall McKechnie DBE (3 Mee 1948 – 2 Jenụarị 2004) bụ onye ọrụ otu nchekwa Scotland, onye mgbasa ozi ụlọ na onye na-akwado ndị ọrụ. == Akụkọ ndụ == A Manchester Sheila McKechnie na Camelon, Falkirk, na 3 Mee 1948 nye Hugh McKechnie, mgbe ahụ onye njem azụmahịa, na Christina ( née Marshall).  [1] Ọ ike ndị agha njikọ na ihe mere eme na Mahadum Edinburgh, [2] ebe ọ bụ enyi Gordon Brown .  Ọ bụ onye otu kansụl ndị nke ụmụ akwụkwọ, na-ejide ọkwa nke ike na 2nd Junior President.  Mgbe ọ akwụkwọ akwụkwọ, ọ akwụkwọ akwụkwọ maka MA na Industrial Relations na Mahadum Warwick . <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=http://www.smk.org.uk/about-sheila-mckechnie/|title=About the Sheila McKechnie Foundation &#124; Sheila McKechnie Foundation|work=Smk.org.uk|accessdate=2016-06-16|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140201193643/http://www.smk.org.uk/about-sheila-mckechnie/|archivedate=1 February 2014}}</ref>Mgbe ọ rụsịrị ọrụ dị ka onye ọrụ otu ndị ọrụ na 1970s, n'oge ọ na-arụsi ọrụ ike na ọmụmụ ụmụ, ọ na-eduzi onye isi ụlọ ọrụ na - ahụ maka ọrụ ebere na- manye ebe obibi na 1985 Mgbe afọ iri na post a, ọ na-abụ onye isi nke Association Consumers' Association, na-eme mkpọsa n'ọtụtụ okwu dị iche iche, na-eme isi okwu na-ama echeta.  [1] N'afọ 2001, McKechnie kwuru, sị: "Abụ m onye na-nching zuru ezu n'òtù ndị ahụ na-ahụ mma, m ga- igikwa otú ruo oge ndụ m.  ga-enwe ahụ iru ala n'ebe m nọ ma ọ bụ òtù ahụ n'ihi na anyị abụọ na-agbasi mbọ ike, na-enwere onwe ha nke ukwuu." Emere ya OBE na 1995 Birthday Honors maka ọrụ ya na Shelter, yana DBE na 2001 maka ọrụ ya n'aha ndị ọrụ.  A mgbagwoju ya dị ka Mahadum Edinburgh alumnus nke afọ na 1991. [1] Ọ nọ na Board of Trustees of The Architecture Foundation . <ref name=":0" />[https://web.archive.org/web/20140201193643/http://www.smk.org.uk/about-sheila-mckechnie/ "About the Sheila McKechnie Foundation &#x7C; Sheila McKechnie Foundation"]. ''Smk.org.uk''. Archived from [http://www.smk.org.uk/about-sheila-mckechnie/ the original] on 1 February 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 June</span> 2016</span>.</cite></ref>Achọpụtara McKechnie na ọrịa kansa na 1997. Mgbe ọ nwụsịrị na 2004, ọ dị afọ 55, e hiwere Sheila McKechnie Foundation iji kwado ụgbọ ọhụrụ nke ndị mgbasa ozi N'afọ 2006, ewuru Sheila McKechnie nchara nchara n'ogige a gbara mgbidi dị n'ime Dollar Park na Falkirk, na nso ebe a mụrụ ya na Camelon. Ọ bụ onye na-ese ihe bụ Suzanne Robinson kere bọs ahụ. </link><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2021)">a chọrọ nkọwa</span>]]'' &#x5D;</sup> == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}}{{Authority control}} [[Òtù:Aha]] b87aigrhf36py3lfty1fw0jlvhe1cpk 0 40505 644039 157950 2026-05-30T14:11:07Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 644039 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}  '''Mmepe Restless''' (nke a na-akpọbu '''Student Partnership Worldwide''' ) bụ ọgbakọ na-abụghị nke gọọmentị na-ahazi ntinye ọrụ afọ ofufo maka ndị na-eto eto n'akụkụ nsonye obodo, ibi ndụ na ọrụ, ikike mmekọahụ, na onye ndu. Ọ na-arụ ọrụ na mba 74 na Africa na Asia, yana United States na United Kingdom. == Akụkọ ihe mere eme == E hiwere mmepe Restless dị ka ụmụ akwụkwọ mmekọrịta n'ụwa niile na 1985 site n'aka Jim Cogan, onye osote onye isi ụlọ akwụkwọ Westminster . <ref>{{Cite web|author=Coles|first=Alf|date=2007-12-07|title=Obituary: Jim Cogan|url=http://www.theguardian.com/news/2007/dec/07/obituaries.guardianobituaries|accessdate=2021-09-22|work=the Guardian|language=en}}</ref> Ọ bụ na mbụ mmemme afọ oghere maka ndị gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Westminster School ka ha rụọ ọrụ dị ka ndị nkuzi na [[Ndia|India]] ma ọ bụ [[Zimbabwe]] . Ndị ọrụ afọ ofufo gara aga gụnyere onye na-ese ihe nkiri Britain Louis Theroux na Jamie Drummond, onye rụpụtara otu mkpọsa . N'afọ 1992, SPW malitere iwe ndị ọrụ afọ ofufo n'ime ime obodo, bụ nke mechara bụrụ ihe a na-elekwasị anya na ụdị ọrụ SPW. N'agbata 1991-2000 SPW gbasaa ọrụ ya na Nepal, Tanzania, Uganda na South Africa, ọrụ ya weere na-elekwasị anya na ọrịa HIV / AIDS. Site na 2000 gaa n'ihu SPW malitere iji naanị ndị ọrụ afọ ofufo na mpaghara wepụta mmemme na n'etiti 2000-2006, SPW gbasaa na Zambia na Sierra Leone. Na 2010, SPW re-branded dị ka '''Restless Development''', <ref>{{Cite web|author=Plummer|first=John|title=Case study: Restless Development|url=https://www.thirdsector.co.uk/case-study-restless-development/communications/article/1030656|accessdate=2021-09-22|work=www.thirdsector.co.uk|language=en}}</ref> na na 2011 sonyeere consortium nke òtù maka International Citizen Service, a mmemme nke UK Department for International Development (DFID) kwadoro, na-enye ndị ọrụ afọ ofufo na mba ofesi maka ndị na-eto eto ka. na-arụkọ ọrụ n'akụkụ ndị ọrụ afọ ofufo nke mba. Site na 2011-2016, Mmepe Restless duru otu 'Youth Consortium' metụtara Warchild na Youth Business International nke ji DFID mee Nkwekọrịta Mmekọrịta Mmemme (PPA). <ref>{{Cite web|title=[Withdrawn] Programme Partnership Arrangements (PPAs)|url=https://www.gov.uk/guidance/programme-partnership-arrangements-ppas|accessdate=2021-09-22|work=GOV.UK|date=7 October 2020|language=en}}</ref> == Amụma na nkwado == Mmepe Restless bụ onye so na Mgbasa Ozi Kwụsị AIDS, nwere ọrụ maka ịhazi mkpọsa ahụ ''Ndị ntorobịa Kwụsị AIDS!'' (nke a na-akpọbu ''Mgbasa Ozi Student Stop AIDS'' . <ref>{{Cite web|title=Who we are {{!}} Youth Stop AIDS|url=https://youthstopaids.org/who-we-are/|accessdate=2021-09-22|language=en-US|archivedate=2021-09-17|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210917125346/https://youthstopaids.org/who-we-are/}}</ref> Ebe ọ bụ na 2012, Restless Development nọ na ọnọdụ ndụmọdụ na United Nations Economic and Social Council . Site na 2014-2016, Mmepe Restless na-ahazi Onye Mmekọ nke United Nations Major Group for Children and Youth (MGCY). <ref>{{Cite web|title=Children and Youth .:. Sustainable Development Knowledge Platform|url=https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/majorgroups/childrenandyouth|accessdate=2021-09-22|work=sustainabledevelopment.un.org}}</ref> == Ihe nrite == * 2017 ** Award Transparency (Onye Mmeri) sitere na [[Òtù NGO ndị Britain na mba ofesi maka mmepe|Bond]] maka arụmọrụ NGO na nnabata. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Robertson|first=Laura|date=2016-01-12|title=Transparency Award|url=https://www.bond.org.uk/events/transparency-award|accessdate=2021-09-22|work=Bond|language=en}}</ref> ** Onyinye mkpọsa (onye ikpeazụ) sitere na [[Òtù NGO ndị Britain na mba ofesi maka mmepe|Bond]] maka ''ndị ntorobịa Kwụsị AIDS!'' Mgbasa ''ọgwụ na-efu efu'' . * 2018 ** NGO mba ụwa pụtara ìhè nke afọ - Sierra Leone NGO Awards == Hụkwa == * Chee echiche Global (ọrụ ebere) == Edensibia == 1991-2000 SPW gbasaa ọrụ ya na Nepal, Tanzania, Uganda na South Africa, ọrụ ya weere1991-2000 SPW gbasaa ọrụ ya na Nepal, Tanzania, Uganda na South Africa, ọrụ ya weere {{Reflist}} * [http://www.restlessdevelopment.org Mmepe na-ezu ike] 1jhjqcg0m4fskmhj33s8hg21sxh8pym 0 40534 644102 157987 2026-05-30T15:54:37Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 644102 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Project Zambia''' ( Irish </link> ) <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/northernireland/irish/srl/abroad/series3/|title=Programmes - srl (Something Else) - Tionscadal na Saimbia/ Project Zambia|publisher=BBC|date=}}</ref> bụ St Marys CBGS Belfast, Northern Ireland, malitere na 2002. Ọ bụ nzaghachi nke ụlọ akwụkwọ dị na Belfast maka okwu ịda ogbenye na ogige Lusaka, [[Zambia]] . Kemgbe ahụ, ọrụ ahụ etoola karịa ụlọ akwụkwọ. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Zambia Immersion Programme|url=https://stmaryscbgs.com/zambia-immersion-programme/|accessdate=2021-05-20|work=St Mary's CBGS Belfast|language=en}}</ref> </link><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2020)">A</span>]]'' &#x5B; &#x5D;</sup> eme Project Zambia taa na ọgbakọ nke ụmụnna Ndị Kraịst na otu NGO, [[Edmund Rice International]] . <ref>{{Cite web|title=Project Zambia {{!}} St Oliver Plunkett Primary School|url=https://www.stoliverplunkettprimary.org/news/detail/project-zambia/|accessdate=2021-05-20|work=www.stoliverplunkettprimary.org|archivedate=2021-05-20|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210520130937/https://www.stoliverplunkettprimary.org/news/detail/project-zambia/}}</ref> </link> == Ebumnuche == Na-arụ ọrụ na mmekorita ya na ndị mmadụ nọ na Zambia, oru ngo a na-achọ inye aka, kwado na inye obodo ndị ọbịa ike ịmepụta ihe ngwọta maka nsogbu na nsogbu ha. <ref>{{Cite web|title=World Bank, Zambia Renew Partnership to Promote Jobs, Invest in People|url=https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/zambia/publication/world-bank-zambia-renew-partnership-to-promote-jobs-invest-in-people|accessdate=2021-05-20|work=World Bank|language=en}}</ref> </link><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2020)">a chọrọ nkọwa</span>]]'' &#x5D;</sup> Ihe omume a na-ekwukwa na ọ na-achọ ịkwalite mmata maka ọnọdụ na ihe ndị na-akpasu ugwu mmadụ nke ọtụtụ ndị mmadụ n'ụwa niile na ime ka mmekọrịta chiri anya n'etiti obodo ndị dị na Ireland na obodo ndị dị na Zambia. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Project Zambia {{!}} Nonprofit Fundraising Page with GoGetFunding|url=https://gogetfunding.com/project-zambia-2/?show_desktop=1|accessdate=2021-05-20|work=gogetfunding.com}}</ref> </link><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2020)">nhota dị mkpa</span>]]'' &#x5D;</sup> [ ụda ]</link></link> == Ngwakọta Misisi == Ogige Misisi, ebe bụ isi maka mbọ Project Zambia, bụ obodo nta nke nwere ihe ruru mmadụ 80,000, na ọ bụkwa otu n'ime mpaghara ndị a na-adịghị mma na ndịda Sahara Africa. HIV na-adịkarị n'etiti ndị okenye na ụmụaka, ọtụtụ n'ime ha nwụnahụrụ nne na nna ha n'ọrịa ahụ. Nkezi ndụ ndụ bụ naanị afọ 32. Enweghị mmiri dị ọcha ebutela ọrịa ọgbụgbọ ọgbụgbọ . <ref>{{Cite web|title=Projekte Afrika|url=https://wfw.ch/projekte/afrika/misisi|accessdate=2021-05-20|work=WASSER FÜR WASSER (WfW)|language=de}}</ref> </link><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2020)">a chọrọ nkọwa</span>]]'' &#x5D;</sup> Dị ka ọ dị na ogige obodo ndị ọzọ nke Zambia, nri dị ụkọ. Project Zambia na-aga n'ihu n'ịmepụta ihe ngwọta maka nsogbu a. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; &#x5D; ''<nowiki><span title="Statement needs to be more specific about the content to which it refers. (June 2020)">na</span></nowiki>''</sup> ịgbatị ọrụ ugbo, na inye ọkụkọ na-agba ọsọ, ọ na-emepụtakwa ọrụ akụ na ụba mmadụ, uru nke na-azụghachi azụ n'ime ọrụ dị iche iche. Ihe atụ nke a bụ ọrụ bred. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Poultry as a Tool in Poverty Eradication and Promotion of Gender Equality|url=http://www.fao.org/3/AC154E/AC154E04.htm|accessdate=2021-05-20|work=www.fao.org}}</ref> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="The text near this tag may need clarification or removal of jargon. (June 2020)">mkpa nkọwa</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> </link> == Obodo Mapepe == Mapepe, obodo dị na mpụga Lusaka, Zambia, ka a ghọtara dị ka mpaghara nwere ike ime mmepe maka Project Zambia. Kemgbe mmalite mmepe na Mapepe, e wulitela ụlọ akwụkwọ nwere mmepe ọzọ akwadoro maka ndị otu n'ọdịnihu. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Overview|url=https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/zambia/overview|accessdate=2021-05-20|work=World Bank|language=en}}</ref> </link><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2020)">mechakwara</span>]]'' &#x5D;</sup> ọsọ ọkụkọ ka nke Eprel 2009. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Chambers of commerce and industry as small business service providers. - Teil 9|url=https://library.fes.de/fulltext/bueros/botswana/00553008.htm|accessdate=2021-05-20|work=library.fes.de}}</ref> </link><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2020)">tinyekwala</span>]]'' &#x5D;</sup> abụọ iji nye ndị obodo 2000 mmiri dị ọcha. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Chambers of commerce and industry as small business service providers. - Teil 9|url=https://library.fes.de/fulltext/bueros/botswana/00553008.htm|accessdate=2021-05-20|work=library.fes.de}}</ref> </link> == Edensibia == ọtụtụ ọrụ ebere mba ụwa na ebe nrụọrụ weebụ ọrụ ebere nke Big Nye . Sir Alec guzobere ọrụ ọrụebere{{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == www.projectzambia.org www.projectzambia.co.uk hvybznj2b7dqu3oyobwbly6azv8qyqi 0 40628 644537 207746 2026-05-31T06:31:06Z Geraldine Kene 23189 Fixed reference error 644537 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''YouthBank UK''' ( '''YB UK''' ) bụ atụmatụ inye onyinye mba na United Kingdom, na-enye obere onyinye 'Ohere' site na £ 250 ruo £ 5,000 sitere na Fund Youth Opportunity Fund (YOF) na onyinye buru ibu sitere na £ 5,000 ruo £ 25,000 sitere na Fund Youth Capital Fund. (YCF) na-enye [[N'oge uto|ndị na-eto eto]] aka iji nyere ndị mmadụ n'otu n'otu na otu dị iche iche aka ịkwado ọrụ iji nyere obodo aka. Ndị na-eto eto na-edu ma na-agba ọsọ ma ''YB UK'' na ndị obodo na-enwekarị onye njikwa ọrụ ụlọ akụ ntorobịa dị ka akụkụ nke kansụl County, na-enyere ha aka ịmụta nkà ọhụrụ, gboo mkpa ha na inyere obodo ha aka. ''YB UK'' na-etinye ego ahụ n'aka ndị na-eto eto, ma na mpaghara mpaghara na nke mba site n'ìgwè ndị ntorobịa na-agba ọsọ, ma ndị okenye nwere ike inye aka dị ka ndị na-akwado, ndị nkwado na ndị ndụmọdụ. ''YB UK'' bụ ọrụ ebere edebanyere aha, nọmba ọrụ ebere edebanyere aha, 1113047. <ref name="about">[http://www.youthbank.org.uk/nonflash/whatis.asp?s=1 ''YouthBank UK''; About us] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060815134958/http://www.youthbank.org.uk/nonflash/whatis.asp?s=1 |date=August 15, 2006 }} ''Youthbank.org.uk.nonflash/'' URL Accessed July 25, 2006.</ref> YouthBank UK banyere na usoro nchịkwa na 2011 n'ihi ụkọ ego. YouthBank Scotland gara n'ihu na nkwado nke Youthlink Scotland iji kwado netwọk nke YouthBanks na Scotland. YouthBank Ireland gara n'ihu na-aga n'ihu, mana ọ malitere ịpụ na YouthBank UK tupu ọ banye n'ọchịchị. == ndabere na akụkọ ihe mere eme == Na 1999, òtù ise, ''British Youth Council'', ''[[Changemakers]]'', ''Community Foundation Network'', ''National Youth Agency'' na ''The Prince's Trust'', bụ ndị ghọrọ ''YB UK's'' consortium mmekọ, guzobere asaa pilot YouthBanks, na Bristol. Bradford, Highlands na Islands nke Scotland, Northern Ireland, Northumberland, Tyne na Wear na Wales. Na Septemba 2001, ''YB UK'' nwere ihe ịga nke ọma n'inweta otu nde paụnd, <ref name="history" /> onyinye sitere na ''Community Fund'', iji mepụta ngalaba mmepe Central iji gbasaa ọrụ ''YB UK'' pilot. <ref name="about" /> ''YB UK'' nwetara nnukwu onyinye sitere na ''Comic Relief'', ''Football Foundation'', ''ngalaba maka agụmakwụkwọ na nka'' na ''[[Skills National Voluntary Youth Organisation|nka National Voluntary Youth Organisation]]'' na ''Big Lottery Fund 's'' ''Young People Fund Grant to Organization'' program. == Mpaghara ''YouthBanks'' == Mgbe ọrụ asaa ahụ nwetara ego site na ''Community Fund'', e hiwere otu Central Development Unit iji nyere aka mụbaa ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ''YouthBanks'' mpaghara gburugburu UK. Otu ndị ntorobịa si n'ebe ọ bụla na mba ahụ nwere ike itinye akwụkwọ ugbu a ka ha bụrụ ''Bank Youth'' maka mpaghara ha. <ref>''YouthBank UK Training Toolkit'' booklet. YBUK publicity and starter pack.</ref> Ozugbo otu ìgwè ghọrọ ''YouthBank'', ha na-ekpebi ka esi ahazi na nyochaa ngwa, ma kpebie onye na-enweta ego. == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20220817224015/http://youthbankscotland.org/ Ebe obibi ''YouthBank Scotland''] . 3cysatahy471tm5v39k8wdl9wm4bs67 644540 644537 2026-05-31T06:33:00Z Geraldine Kene 23189 Fixed reference error 644540 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''YouthBank UK''' ( '''YB UK''' ) bụ atụmatụ inye onyinye mba na United Kingdom, na-enye obere onyinye 'Ohere' site na £ 250 ruo £ 5,000 sitere na Fund Youth Opportunity Fund (YOF) na onyinye buru ibu sitere na £ 5,000 ruo £ 25,000 sitere na Fund Youth Capital Fund. (YCF) na-enye [[N'oge uto|ndị na-eto eto]] aka iji nyere ndị mmadụ n'otu n'otu na otu dị iche iche aka ịkwado ọrụ iji nyere obodo aka. Ndị na-eto eto na-edu ma na-agba ọsọ ma ''YB UK'' na ndị obodo na-enwekarị onye njikwa ọrụ ụlọ akụ ntorobịa dị ka akụkụ nke kansụl County, na-enyere ha aka ịmụta nkà ọhụrụ, gboo mkpa ha na inyere obodo ha aka. ''YB UK'' na-etinye ego ahụ n'aka ndị na-eto eto, ma na mpaghara mpaghara na nke mba site n'ìgwè ndị ntorobịa na-agba ọsọ, ma ndị okenye nwere ike inye aka dị ka ndị na-akwado, ndị nkwado na ndị ndụmọdụ. ''YB UK'' bụ ọrụ ebere edebanyere aha, nọmba ọrụ ebere edebanyere aha, 1113047. <ref name="about">[http://www.youthbank.org.uk/nonflash/whatis.asp?s=1 ''YouthBank UK''; About us] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060815134958/http://www.youthbank.org.uk/nonflash/whatis.asp?s=1 |date=August 15, 2006 }} ''Youthbank.org.uk.nonflash/'' URL Accessed July 25, 2006.</ref> YouthBank UK banyere na usoro nchịkwa na 2011 n'ihi ụkọ ego. YouthBank Scotland gara n'ihu na nkwado nke Youthlink Scotland iji kwado netwọk nke YouthBanks na Scotland. YouthBank Ireland gara n'ihu na-aga n'ihu, mana ọ malitere ịpụ na YouthBank UK tupu ọ banye n'ọchịchị. == ndabere na akụkọ ihe mere eme == Na 1999, òtù ise, ''British Youth Council'', ''[[Changemakers]]'', ''Community Foundation Network'', ''National Youth Agency'' na ''The Prince's Trust'', bụ ndị ghọrọ ''YB UK's'' consortium mmekọ, guzobere asaa pilot YouthBanks, na Bristol. Bradford, Highlands na Islands nke Scotland, Northern Ireland, Northumberland, Tyne na Wear na Wales. Na Septemba 2001, ''YB UK'' nwere ihe ịga nke ọma n'inweta otu nde paụnd, <ref name="history"> [http://www.youthbank.org.uk/ ''YouthBank UK'' A brief history (flash) - select ''About Us'' then ''YouthBank- A brief history''] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060804054936/http://www.youthbank.org.uk/ |date=August 4, 2006 }} ''Youthbank.org.uk''. URL Accessed July 25, 2006.</ref>onyinye sitere na ''Community Fund'', iji mepụta ngalaba mmepe Central iji gbasaa ọrụ ''YB UK'' pilot. <ref name="about" /> ''YB UK'' nwetara nnukwu onyinye sitere na ''Comic Relief'', ''Football Foundation'', ''ngalaba maka agụmakwụkwọ na nka'' na ''[[Skills National Voluntary Youth Organisation|nka National Voluntary Youth Organisation]]'' na ''Big Lottery Fund 's'' ''Young People Fund Grant to Organization'' program. == Mpaghara ''YouthBanks'' == Mgbe ọrụ asaa ahụ nwetara ego site na ''Community Fund'', e hiwere otu Central Development Unit iji nyere aka mụbaa ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ''YouthBanks'' mpaghara gburugburu UK. Otu ndị ntorobịa si n'ebe ọ bụla na mba ahụ nwere ike itinye akwụkwọ ugbu a ka ha bụrụ ''Bank Youth'' maka mpaghara ha. <ref>''YouthBank UK Training Toolkit'' booklet. YBUK publicity and starter pack.</ref> Ozugbo otu ìgwè ghọrọ ''YouthBank'', ha na-ekpebi ka esi ahazi na nyochaa ngwa, ma kpebie onye na-enweta ego. == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20220817224015/http://youthbankscotland.org/ Ebe obibi ''YouthBank Scotland''] . hpmjy6iiw6p8uowyxyo5y59ogbq1q1k 0 41012 644273 163838 2026-05-30T20:16:11Z Wikipedian12512(alt) 61413 ce 644273 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}  '''Alliance for Safe Children''' ('''TASC''') bụ òtù na-abaghị uru nke e hibere na 2002 iji dozie nsogbu nke mmerụ ụmụaka na mba ndị na-emepe emepe. <ref name="TASCinfo">[https://web.archive.org/web/20160510024218/http://ilsf.org/node/322 TASC info page] hosted on [[International Life Saving Federation]] web site. (retrieved Oct. 2010)</ref> Onye malitere ya bụ Pete Peterson, onye bụbu onye nnọchi anya United States na Vietnam . <ref name="children">{{Cite news|title=Children from developing world dying of preventable injuries: UN|url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/newsitems/200210/s694479.htm|accessdate=5 October 2010|work=[[ABC News (Australia)|ABC News]]|date=6 October 2002}}</ref> Michael Linnon bụ onye nduzi teknụzụ. <ref name="ethirajan">{{Cite news|author=Ethirajan|first=Anbarasan|title=Drowning: Bangladesh's invisible epidemic|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-south-asia-11439029|accessdate=6 October 2010|work=[[BBC News]]|date=4 October 2010}}</ref> TASC na-arụkọ ọrụ na òtù ndị ọzọ, dị ka Red Cross na UNICEF . <ref>{{Cite news|title=Former US Ambassador wants to assist Vietnamese children|url=http://english.vovnews.vn/Home/Former-US-Ambassador-wants-to-assist-Vietnamese-children/20064/35432.vov|accessdate=5 October 2010|work=VOV News|date=30 April 2006}}</ref> <ref name="UNICEFfatal">{{Cite news|title=UNICEF Says Injuries A Fatal Problem For Asian Children|url=http://www.allheadlinenews.com/articles/7010320559|accessdate=5 October 2010|work=[[All Headline News]]|date=13 March 2008}}</ref> Ebumnobi ya gụnyere ime ka mmadụ mata mmerụ ahụ ụmụaka; na-akwalite mmemme mgbochi mmerụ ahụ; na-eduzi ma na-akwado nyocha; <ref>{{Cite journal|author=Giashuddin|first=Sheikh M|title=Socioeconomic inequality in child injury in Bangladesh – implication for developing countries|journal=International Journal for Equity in Health|year=2009|volume=8|issue=7|doi=10.1186/1475-9276-8-7|pmid=19309516}}</ref> na ịkwalite ego na ịmepụta njikọ aka na ndị NGO, òtù mba ụwa na gọọmentị ka ọnụ ọgụgụ ụmụaka merụrụ ahụ nwere ike ibelata. <ref name="TASCinfo"/> Ebumnuche TASC bụ akụkụ nke ọmụmụ na-atụ aro na ọtụtụ ụmụaka na-anwụ site na mmerụ ahụ nwere ike igbochi karịa ọrịa na-efe efe - dịka UNICEF si kwuo, ihe dị ka otu nde ụmụaka na-anwụ n'ihi mmerụ ahụ nwere ike igbochi kwa afọ. <ref name="children"/> Ihe na-akpatakarị ọnwụ bụ mmiri iri mmiri. <ref>{{Cite book|author=Freedman|first=Lynn P.|title=Who's got the power?: transforming health systems for women and children|year=2005|publisher=Earthscan|isbn=978-1-84407-224-8|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zLFxoq25GnwC&pg=PA54}}</ref> == 2004 ogbako na 2008 akụkọ == Ha na UNICEF na-arụkọ ọrụ, bụ onye ha na ha haziri ogbako na 2004 nke kọrọ banyere nchọpụta ha sitere na nyocha na nyocha; onye isi okwu bụ Kul Gautam, onye enyemaka odeakwụkwọ ukwu nke [[Mba Ndị Dị n'Otu|United Nations]] na osote onye isi oche nke UNICEF, bụ onye toro TASC na onye nchoputa ya. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Towards a World Safe for Children: UNICEF/TASC Conference on Child Injury|url=http://www.unicef.org/eapro/Towards_a_world_safe_for_children.pdf|publisher=[[UNICEF]]|accessdate=6 October 2010|archivedate=15 October 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121015190720/http://www.unicef.org/eapro/Towards_a_world_safe_for_children.pdf}}</ref> Nzukọ ahụ, dị ka akụkọ si na Board Executive nke UNICEF, ga-eduga na "mmepe nke mmemme na mgbochi mmerụ ụmụaka." <ref>{{Cite book|title=Executive Board of the United Nations Children's Fund: Report of the First, Second And Annual Sessions of 2004|year=2005|publisher=[[United Nations]]|isbn=978-92-1-880063-3|pages=29|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=quqh-DFuLiMC&pg=PA29}}</ref> N'afọ 2008, e bipụtara nsonaazụ nke afọ asaa ha "n'ime ihe omimi" <ref name="UNICEFfatal"/>, na akụkọ gosiri na ntachi ọnụ na mmiri mmiri bụ ihe kachasị mfe igbochi ọnwụ maka ụmụaka na-erubeghị afọ ise. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Drowning, Homicide and Suicide Leading Killers for Children in Asia|url=http://www.salem-news.com/articles/march112008/asia_child_killers_031108.php|accessdate=5 October 2010|publisher=The Salem News|date=11 March 2008}}</ref> Mbipụta nke akụkọ ahụ kpalitere mmasị site na mgbasa ozi e biri ebi gburugburu ụwa <ref>{{Cite news|title=Drowning is top killer of Asian kids, report says|url=http://www.wtol.com/Global/story.asp?S=8009318|accessdate=6 October 2010|work=[[WTOL]]|date=13 March 2008}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|title=Børnene drukner og dør i trafikken|url=http://ekstrabladet.dk/nyheder/samfund/article983605.ece|accessdate=6 October 2010|work=[[Ekstra Bladet]]|date=11 March 2008}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|title=UNICEF : alarme sur le nombre d'enfants victimes d'accidents|url=http://lecourrier.vnagency.com.vn/PrintView.asp?id=40347|accessdate=6 October 2010|work=Le Courrier|date=18 March 2008}}</ref> na site na telivishọn Australia. <ref>{{Cite news|author=Woods|first=Mike|title=Injury a leading killer for children in Asia|url=http://www.abc.net.au/rn/breakfast/stories/2008/2192680.htm|accessdate=6 October 2010|work=[[Australian Broadcasting Corporation]]|date=18 March 2008}}</ref> == Ebe nyocha mmiri mmiri nke mba ụwa == Kemgbe 2005, TASC enyerela ndị otu aka n'inye nkuzi igwu mmiri maka ụmụaka nọ na Bangladesh . <ref>{{Cite news|title='17,000 Children Drown a Year'|url=http://www.thedailystar.net/newDesign/news-details.php?nid=118778|accessdate=5 October 2010|work=[[The Daily Star (Bangladesh)|The Daily Star]]|date=22 December 2009}}</ref> Site n'enyemaka nke gọọmentị Australia, TASC jikọtara ya na Royal Life Saving Society Australia, na-eguzobe International Drowning Research Center nke dabeere na Dhaka wee mepee na August 2010. <ref>{{Cite news|title=50 children drown daily in Bangladesh|url=http://www.thedailystar.net/news-detail-149507|work=[[The Daily Star (Bangladesh)|The Daily Star]]|date=5 August 2010|accessdate=6 October 2010}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=Australian Government Partnership Announced|url=http://www.royallifesaving.com.au/www/html/16-media-releases-news.asp?n=1315|publisher=[[Royal Life Saving Society Australia]]|accessdate=6 October 2010|archivedate=6 March 2011|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110306104132/http://www.royallifesaving.com.au/www/html/16-media-releases-news.asp?n=1315}}</ref> Na Bangladesh, ihe dị ka ụmụaka 46 na-eri mmiri kwa ụbọchị, na ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ mmiri na-eri okpukpu anọ. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Children Drowning, Drowning Children|url=http://tasc-gcipf.org/downloads/Drowning%20in%20Bangladesh.pdf|publisher=The Alliance for Safe Children|accessdate=6 October 2010|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110728081952/http://tasc-gcipf.org/downloads/Drowning%20in%20Bangladesh.pdf|archivedate=28 July 2011}}</ref> Ebumnobi a bụ ịkụziri ụmụaka, karịsịa ndị si n'akụkụ ndị dara ogbenye ka e si esi mmiri mmiri, ebe a na-elekwasị anya n'ịkụziri ụmụaka ndị toro eto "ndị na-enweghị ike ịzọpụta onwe ha ma nwee ike inyere ndị ọzọ aka." Ebe etiti a na-akuzikwa ntughari obi na nka nnapụta ndị bụ isi. <ref name="ethirajan"/> == Hụkwa == * Ndepụta otu ndị na-abụghị ndị gọọmentị na Vietnam * National Child Passenger Safety Board == Edensibia == {{Reflist|2}} == Njikọ mpụga == * [http://www.tasc-gcipf.org Alliance for Safe Children] * [http://cpsboard.org National Child Passenger Safety Board] rdpkhih6064ojmq65bvjdchb5sfvnar 0 41158 644286 158874 2026-05-30T20:22:40Z Wikipedian12512(alt) 61413 ce 644286 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Lichen forming a Hidden Mickey.jpg|250px|Laiken dị ka Miki maus]] Site ni afọ 1867, '''laiken''' (/ˈlaɪkən/ LY-kən, mọ /ˈlɪtʃən/ LITCH-ən) wu ihe mmadụ mara ka simbaiosis nke algae mọ saianobakteria, ne bi ni etiti filament nke fungai specis dị iche iche. Ni afọ 2016, research ọhụrụ nke T. Spribille et al. gosiri patna nke atọ, yeast di imbedded ni ime laiken kortex. Laikens nwèrè akunauba di iche site ne nke komponent oganizims. Fa dị ni fọms dị iche iche na dịkwa ka plant, mana fa bụghị plants. Fa nwèrè leafless branchis ntakịrị (frutikos); flat leaf-like structures (folios); be gba to dịka krust, ne adhe nye sọfaes (substraet) dika paent (krustos); nwe appearans dịka pawda (lepros); mọ growth fọms ndị ọzọ. 2ettt72ws0gbm9mjj5wxfysmi40mifs 0 41250 644521 159005 2026-05-31T06:12:12Z Goodymeraj 16207 /* */ 644521 wikitext text/x-wiki Stotonic bụ obodo dị na Gila River Indian Community na Pinal County, Arizona.  [1] N'iche ihe mere eme, a na-atọ ụtọ dị ka Statonic, Stetonic, Stontonyak, Stotonik, na Stotonyak .  Ata aha ebe ahụ dị ka Stotonic site na ekiri nke Board na Aha Geographic na 1941. Ọ nwere ikike nna elu nke 1,230 feet (370 m) n'elu oke osimiri.  Iji mee ka ibi dị n'obodo nta nke aha yiri ya na San Xavier Indian Reservation, Office of Indian Affairs akwụkwọ ka obodo a jiri Papago, ma ọ bụ Tohono O'odham spelling, ebe San Xavier ndoputa obodo na-eji Pima, ma  ọ bụ Akimel O' mkpọputa otham, Stotonic.  Ndị Board on Geographic Names sochiri ahụ na ekpere 1941 ha. <ref>For the details of the name decision, please see the decision card available on the GNIS reference for Stotonyak.</ref> == Ihe ndetu == .mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman} == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Ịda ogbenye]] 7bxk3s4487cuvl44sktew2f5aq3x97x 644522 644521 2026-05-31T06:13:23Z Goodymeraj 16207 /* Ihe ndetu */ 644522 wikitext text/x-wiki Stotonic bụ obodo dị na Gila River Indian Community na Pinal County, Arizona.  [1] N'iche ihe mere eme, a na-atọ ụtọ dị ka Statonic, Stetonic, Stontonyak, Stotonik, na Stotonyak .  Ata aha ebe ahụ dị ka Stotonic site na ekiri nke Board na Aha Geographic na 1941. Ọ nwere ikike nna elu nke 1,230 feet (370 m) n'elu oke osimiri.  Iji mee ka ibi dị n'obodo nta nke aha yiri ya na San Xavier Indian Reservation, Office of Indian Affairs akwụkwọ ka obodo a jiri Papago, ma ọ bụ Tohono O'odham spelling, ebe San Xavier ndoputa obodo na-eji Pima, ma  ọ bụ Akimel O' mkpọputa otham, Stotonic.  Ndị Board on Geographic Names sochiri ahụ na ekpere 1941 ha. <ref>For the details of the name decision, please see the decision card available on the GNIS reference for Stotonyak.</ref> == Edensibịa == {{Reflist}} == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Ịda ogbenye]] 3s7k5vymc8blnrl3omo7otbzq68ge83 644524 644522 2026-05-31T06:21:59Z Goodymeraj 16207 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1351961039|Stotonic, Arizona]]" 644524 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement | name = Stotonic, Arizona | official_name = | settlement_type = [[Unincorporated area|Populated place]] | image_skyline = | imagesize = | image_caption = | image_flag = | image_seal = <!-- Maps --> | nickname = | motto = <!-- Images --> | image_map = | map_caption = Location within Pinal County <!-- Location -->| pushpin_map = USA Arizona#USA | pushpin_mapsize = | pushpin_map_caption = Location within the state of Arizona | pushpin_label = Stotonic | pushpin_label_position = <!-- the position of the pushpin label: left, right, top, bottom, none --> | coordinates = {{coord|33|09|29|N|111|47|57|W|region:US_type:city_source:GNIS|display=inline,title}} <!-- Area/postal codes & others -->| subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = United States | subdivision_type1 = [[U.S. state|State]] | subdivision_name1 = [[Arizona]] | subdivision_type2 = [[List of counties in Arizona|County]] | subdivision_name2 = [[Pinal County, Arizona|Pinal]] | established_title = | established_date = <!-- Area --> | government_footnotes = | government_type = | leader_title = | leader_name = | leader_title1 = | leader_name1 = | area_footnotes = | area_total_sq_mi = | area_land_sq_mi = | area_water_sq_mi = <!-- Population --> | elevation_m = 375 | elevation_ft = 1230 | elevation_footnotes = <ref name=GNIS>{{Cite GNIS|25340|Feature Detail Report for: Stotonic}}</ref> | population_total = | population_as_of = [[2010 United States Census|2010]] | population_footnotes = | population_density_sq_mi = auto <!-- General information -->| timezone = [[North American Mountain Time Zone|Mountain (MST)]] | utc_offset = -7 | timezone_DST = MST | utc_offset_DST = -7 | postal_code_type = [[ZIP code]]s | postal_code = | area_code = 520 | blank_name = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]] | blank_info = {{FIPS|04|69865}} | website = | footnotes = | area_magnitude = | blank1_name = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID | blank1_info = {{GNIS4|25340}} }} <templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles> {| class="infobox ib-settlement vcard" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-above" |<div class="fn org">Stotonic, Arizona</div> |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" |<div class="category">[[Unincorporated area|Ebe ndị mmadụ bi]]</div> |- class="mergedtoprow" | colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" |<div class="switcher-container"><templatestyles src="Module:Location map/styles.css"></templatestyles><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px">[[Faịlụ:USA_Arizona_location_map.svg|class=notpageimage noviewer|308x308px|Stotonic is located in Arizona]]<div class="od notheme" style="top:66.805%;left:50.807%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px">[[Faịlụ:Red_pog.svg|link=|class=notpageimage noviewer|6x6px|Stotonic]]</div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>Stotonic</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Ebe dị na steeti Arizona</div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Ihe ngosi map nke Arizona</span></div></div></div><templatestyles src="Module:Location map/styles.css"></templatestyles><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px">[[Faịlụ:Usa_edcp_location_map.svg|class=notpageimage noviewer|250x250px|Stotonic is located in the United States]]<div class="od notheme" style="top:64.855%;left:21.542%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px">[[Faịlụ:Red_pog.svg|link=|class=notpageimage noviewer|6x6px|Stotonic]]</div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>Stotonic</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Stotonic (United States) </div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Ihe ngosi map nke United States</span></div></div></div></div> |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" |Nhazi: 33°09′29′′N 111°47′57′′W / 33.15806°N 111.79917°W / 33.-15806; -111.79916<indicator name="coordinates"><span id="coordinates">[[Geographic coordinate system|Coordinates]]: <templatestyles src="Module:Coordinates/styles.css"></templatestyles><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion">[https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Stotonic,_Arizona&params=33_09_29_N_111_47_57_W_region:US_type:city_source:GNIS <span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">33°09′29″N</span> <span class="longitude">111°47′57″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct">&#xfeff; / &#xfeff;</span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">33.15806°N 111.79917°W</span><span style="display:none">&#xfeff; / <span class="geo">33.15806; -111.79917</span></span></span>]</span>[[Category:Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas]]</span></indicator> |- class="mergedtoprow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Mba | class="infobox-data" |United States |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |[[U.S. state|Ọnọdụ]] | class="infobox-data" |[[Arizona]] |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Ógbè | class="infobox-data" |Ihe dị mkpa |- class="mergedtoprow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Elu ugwu<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div> | class="infobox-data" |1,230 ft (375 m) &nbsp;&nbsp; |- class="mergedtoprow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |[[Time zone|Oge]] | class="infobox-data" |UTC-7 (Ugwu (MST) ) |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |<span class="nowrap">• Oge okpomọkụ ([[Daylight saving time|DST]]) &nbsp;&nbsp;</span> | class="infobox-data" |UTC-7 (MST) |- class="mergedtoprow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Koodu mpaghara | class="infobox-data" |520 |- class="mergedtoprow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Koodu FIPS | class="infobox-data" |[https://data.census.gov/cedsci/profile?g=1600000US0469865 04-69865] |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Njirimara njirimara GNIS | class="infobox-data" |[https://edits.nationalmap.gov/apps/gaz-domestic/public/search/names/25340 25340] |} '''Stotonic''' bụ imeobodo dị na obodo Gila River nke India, nke dị na Pinal County, Arizona . <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://arizona.hometownlocator.com/az/pinal/stotonic.cfm|publisher=AZ Hometown Locator|title=Stotonic (in Pinal County, AZ) Populated Place Profile|accessdate=April 25, 2017}}</ref> Dịka akụkọ ihe mere eme si kọọ, a makwaara ya dị ka '''Statonic''', '''Stetonic''', '''Stontonyak''', '''Stotonik''', na '''Stotonyak'''. A họpụtara aha ebe ahụ dị ka Stotonic site na mkpebi nke Board on Geographical Names n'afọ 1941. O nwere ịdị elu nke e mere atụmatụ na ọ dị feet òtù puku , narị abụọ na iri atọ (mita 370 n'elu oke osimiri. Iji gosipụta odịiche dị n'etiti ya na Obodo nta na-azu otu aha dị na San Xavier Indian Reservation, ụlọ ọrụ Indian Affairs tụrụ aro ka obodo a jiri Papago, ma ọ bụ nsupe Tohono O'odham, ebe obodo San Xavier ga-eji nsupe Pima, ma ọ bụ Akimel O'otham. Board on Geographical Names gbasoro aro ahụ na mkpebi ha n'afọ 1941. == Ihe edeturu == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist|group=note}} == Edensibịa == {{Pinal County, Arizona}} [[Otú:Articles with short description]] n5ikyiqrk3p9vgntwm4uia3ps9sacnf 0 41264 644014 176977 2026-05-30T13:44:09Z Iwuala chisom 17246 Fixed reference errors 644014 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Usòrò:SupaiNondenomBibleChurch.jpg|thumb|Supai Nondenom Bible Church ]] Supai ( Havasupai <nowiki></link></nowiki> ) bụ ebe ahapụtara ọnụ ọgụgụ (CDP) na Coconino County, Arizona, United States, n'ime Grand Canyon. <ref name="cbs"/>Ozi ngụkọ 2010, CDP nwere ndị bi na 208. [1] Isi obodo nke Havasupai Indian Reservation, Supai bụ naanị ebe dị na United States ebe a ka na-ebufe ozi site na mule. Ngalaba Agriculture nke United States akpọọla Supai dị ka "obodo kacha dị iche iche" na United States na-aga n'ihu .  [1] A na-enweta ya naanị site na helikopta, n'ụkwụ ma ọ bụ na inyinya mule.  Supai dị 8 miles (13 km) site n'okporo ụzọ kacha nso na ụgbọ ala n'ime obodo <ref name="cbs">{{Cite web|author=Bill Geist|authorlink=Bill Geist|title=Special Delivery: Mail By Mule|url=http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2009/01/30/sunday/main4764442.shtml|work=[[CBS News Sunday Morning]]|publisher=[[CBS News]]|date=2000-01-23|accessdate=2009-09-30}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFBill_Geist2000">[[Bill Geist]] (January 23, 2000). </cite></ref> == Akụkọ ihe mere eme == <ref>{{Cite news|author=Dedera|first=Don|title=The Man Who Spoiled Paradise|work=[[Los Angeles Times]]|date=1971-01-24|page=7<!--Number from bottom right corner-->}}</ref>Na 1960 Martin Goodfriend, onye njem nle-ịgharị anya, mgbaàmà ndị ọrịa Supai, na onye na-ede akwụkwọ ọmụmụ nke Arizona Republic, Don Dedera, dere njikọ njikọ Goodfriend.  [1] Dedera kwuru na ezi enyi echiche na Supai bụ ụdị " Shangri-la ". <ref name="bbc">{{Cite web|author=Rajesh Mirchandani|title=Dam evacuations in Grand Canyon|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/7567205.stm|publisher=[[BBC]]|date=2008-08-17|accessdate=2008-08-17}}</ref>Achụpụrụ njem nlegharị anya na ụfọdụ ndị bi na Supai na mpaghara gbara ya gburugburu na Ọgọst 17 na 18, 2008, [1] n'ihi idei mmiri nke Havasu Creek gbagwojuru anya site na ike nke ụrọ Redlands Dam (na-esote ihe  omume idei mmiri bụ isi [2] [3] ) mgbe otu nto nke oke mmiri ozuzo.  A kpọgara ndị mmadụ na Peach Springs, Arizona .  [4] A na-atụ anya ka mmiri mmiri buru ibu ma tinye njirimara aka ná ntĩ idei mmiri na-eme ka ọ dị irẹ, na-eme ka a kwapụ, dị ka National Park Service si kwuo.  [5] Iju mmiri ahụ dị oke mkpa iji mgbasa ozi sitere na mgbasa ozi mba ụwa. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Honderden geëvacueerd uit Grand Canyon|url=http://www.nu.nl/algemeen/1705050/honderden-geevacueerd-uit-grand-canyon.html|publisher=Dutch online news site nu.nl|date=2008-08-18|accessdate=2009-09-30}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|author=Yeager|first=Melissa|date=June 11, 2021|title=Havasupai Falls won't reopen until 2022. Here's what we know about reservations, rebooking|url=https://www.azcentral.com/story/travel/arizona/hiking/2021/06/11/havasupai-falls-closed-until-2022/7661148002/|accessdate=2022-07-12|work=The Arizona Republic|language=en-US}}</ref>Mmebi nke ụzọ, àkwà mmiri, na nke ahụ siri ike nke ukwuu maka Havasupai imechi ndị ọbịa n'ime obodo, n'ahụ, na ike ruo oge opupu ihe ubi nke 2009. [1] Iju mmiri ọzọ na 2010 butere nke nrụzi emere emere.  na mbụ yana mmechi dị ruo ruo Mee 2011. <nowiki></link></nowiki>Na July 2018, idei mmiri [ ] amanye ndị ọbịa 200 helikopta.  [2] A ụfọdụ njem nlegharị anya niile site na Machị 2020 ruo February 2023 n'ihi ọrịa COVID-19 <ref>{{Cite web|author=Yeager|first=Melissa|date=May 12, 2022|title=Arizona's Havasu Falls closed to visitors until 2023|url=https://www.lonelyplanet.com/news/havasu-falls-closed-until-2023|accessdate=2022-07-12|work=Lonely Planet|language=en}}</ref> == Geography na ihu igwe == Dị n'ime Grand Canyon, a na-enweta Supai naanị site na ụkwụ, mkpọ anụmanụ ma ọ bụ helikopta.  Ọ bụ naanị ebe dị na United States ebe inyinya mule ka na-ebu ozi, ọtụtụ n'ime ha bụ nri.<ref name="Smithsonian">{{Cite web|author=Ostroff|first=Hannah S.|date=August 25, 2016|title=In the Grand Canyon, the U.S. Postal Service still delivers mail by mule|url=https://www.si.edu/stories/mules-still-deliver-mail-grand-canyon|accessdate=2022-07-12|work=Smithsonian}}</ref> <ref name="USPS">{{Cite web|author=Brandt|first=Junemarie|date=29 April 2016|title=Mule Mail|url=https://uspsblog.com/mule-mail/|accessdate=2022-07-12|work=Postal Posts|publisher=[[USPS]]|quote=In 2014, I visited the Supai, Arizona, Post Office™ facility—the last Post Office™ in the U.S. receiving mail by mule.}}</ref> Dị ka ezumike Mgbakọ United States si kwuo, CDP nwere mkpokọta 1.7 square miles (4.4 km , ala niile. Ọ dị 3,195 feet (974 m) n'elu oke osimiri. === Ihu igwe === <div style="width:70%;">Supai nwere ihu igwe na-ekpo oke ọkụ, yana oge okpomọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ yana abalị dị nro, yana oyi dị nro na abalị na-ajụ oyi ruo n'okpuru oyi n'ọtụtụ ụbọchị. {{Weather box|location=Supai, 1956–1987|single line=Y|Jan high F=52.8|Feb high F=59.8|Mar high F=67.7|Apr high F=76.1|May high F=85.1|Jun high F=95.7|Jul high F=99.0|Aug high F=95.6|Sep high F=90.1|Oct high F=77.0|Nov high F=62.8|Dec high F=52.8|year high F=76.1|Jan low F=29.4|Feb low F=34.5|Mar low F=39.2|Apr low F=45.5|May low F=53.2|Jun low F=61.7|Jul low F=67.1|Aug low F=65.4|Sep low F=58.4|Oct low F=47.8|Nov low F=37.4|Dec low F=30.0|year low F=47.5|Jan record high F=79|Feb record high F=87|Mar record high F=95|Apr record high F=98|May record high F=104|Jun record high F=112|Jul record high F=116|Aug record high F=111|Sep record high F=111|Oct record high F=102|Nov record high F=86|Dec record high F=85|year record high F=116|Jan record low F=-1|Feb record low F=5|Mar record low F=13|Apr record low F=23|May record low F=29|Jun record low F=36|Jul record low F=46|Aug record low F=42|Sep record low F=34|Oct record low F=19|Nov record low F=0|Dec record low F=-4|year record low F=-4|precipitation colour=green|Jan precipitation inch=0.61|Feb precipitation inch=0.63|Mar precipitation inch=0.88|Apr precipitation inch=0.38|May precipitation inch=0.41|Jun precipitation inch=0.26|Jul precipitation inch=1.24|Aug precipitation inch=1.42|Sep precipitation inch=0.65|Oct precipitation inch=0.61|Nov precipitation inch=0.72|Dec precipitation inch=0.75|year precipitation inch=8.54|Jan snow inch=0.4|Feb snow inch=0.2|Mar snow inch=0|Apr snow inch=0|May snow inch=0|Jun snow inch=0|Jul snow inch=0|Aug snow inch=0|Sep snow inch=0|Oct snow inch=0|Nov snow inch=0.1|Dec snow inch=0.6|year snow inch=1.2|unit precipitation days=0.01 in|Jan precipitation days=4|Feb precipitation days=4|Mar precipitation days=5|Apr precipitation days=3|May precipitation days=2|Jun precipitation days=1|Jul precipitation days=5|Aug precipitation days=6|Sep precipitation days=3|Oct precipitation days=3|Nov precipitation days=3|Dec precipitation days=4|year precipitation days=44|source 1=WRCC<ref name= WRCCstats >{{cite web |url=http://www.wrcc.dri.edu/cgi-bin/cliMAIN.pl?az8343 |publisher=Western Regional Climate Center |title=Station Name: Supai, Arizona (028343) |access-date=2013-04-26}}</ref>|date=April 2013}}</div>ụfọdụ ngụkọ nke 2010, [1] ndị mmadụ 208 na 43. Ngwakọta nhọrọ nke CDP bụ 96.6% American American, 0.5% White, 0.5% Ndị ọzọ na 2.4% nke agwa agwa .  Hispanic ma ọ bụ Latino nke ire ọ lụba bụ 4.3% nke ndị bi na ya Enwere ezinụlọ 43, n'ime ha 34.9% bụ ezinụlọ ndị lụrụ di na nwunye bi, 32.6% nwere nwanyị nwe ụlọ na-enweghị di, 14.0% nwere nwoke na-enweghị nwunye, na 18.6% bụ ndị na-abụghị ezinụlọ. 16.3% nke ezinụlọ niile bụ ndị mmadụ n'otu n'otu, na 2.3% nwere onye bi naanị ya bụ afọ 65 ma ọ bụ karịa. Nkezi ezinaụlọ bụ 4.84. <ref>{{Cite news|author=Hoy|first=Anne Q.|title=Postal Service's red ink is rural towns' lifeblood|work=[[Arizona Republic]]|date=1989-07-17|pages=A1, A6}}</ref>Enwere ụlọ ọrụ ọrụ ozi na Supai.  A na-eji ụkwụ ibu ebu ozi n'etiti Supai na mba ike ndị ọzọ.  A na-echekwa ndị ahịa na-emebi emebi, dị ka nke 1989, na friji na Peach Springs, Arizona, ka ha na-eche ka a na-ebunye ha n'elu mules. == Agụmakwụkwọ == <ref>{{Cite news|title=Camera Use Helps Indian Children Learn English|work=[[The Fresno Bee]]|date=1970-10-11|page=B2}}</ref>Enwere otu ụlọ akwụkwọ K–8 na Supai, Havasupai Elementary School, nke Bureaulọ Ọrụ Ọrụ India na-elekọta.  Na mgbakwunye, na 1970 mmemme Head Start na Supai Supai ụlọ ụlọ akwụkwọ.  [1] Na 1988, Havasupai ES bụ K-8, na ndị bi na ya gara ụlọ akwụkwọ ụlọ akwụkwọ mgbe klas nke pụta gachara.  Akwụkwọ akwụkwọ a na-ebikarị, n'afọ ahụ, bụ Sherman Indian High School na Riverside, California .  [2] Na 1967, ọtụtụ ụmụ akwụkwọ toro eto (gafere ọkwa nke abụọ, ọkwa dị elu na Havasupai ES n'oge ahụ) gara ụlọ akwụkwọ na Fort Apache ma ọ bụ Phoenix .  [3] N'ime oge ahụ ụfọdụ akwụkwọ gara ụlọ akwụkwọ na California.  [4] ụmụ akwụkwọ ndị ọzọ, na ezina ndị ọbịa wee gaa ụlọ akwụkwọ na-arụ ọrụ mpaghara.  [5] Tupu emechi ya, ụlọ akwụkwọ Phoenix Indian bụ ụlọ akwụkwọ kacha nso na ụmụ amaala America na Supai<ref>{{Cite news|title=Indians protest land swap, closing of Phoenix School|work=[[The Arizona Republic]]|date=1988-06-12|page=B8}}</ref> Enwere ike iru Supai site na ịga njem 8 miles (13 km), na-agbada 2,004 feet (611 m) na elu site na Hualapai Hilltop site na Hualapai Canyon. <ref>{{Cite book|author=Witt|first=Greg|title=Exploring Havasupai: A Guide to the Heart of the Grand Canyon|year=2010|publisher=Menasha Ridge Press|location=Birmingham, Alabama|isbn=978-0-89732-654-4}}</ref> N'aka nke ọzọ, ọrụ AirWest Helicopters na-ahazi ụgbọ elu site na Hualapai Hilltop gaa Supai. Hualapai Hilltop dị ihe dịka 70 miles (110 km) site na obodo Peach Springs, n'akụkụ BIA Road 18. == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == Media related to Supai, Arizona at Wikimedia Commons * [http://theofficialhavasupaitribe.com/ saịtị Havasupai Tribe] <templatestyles src="Module:Coordinates/styles.css"></templatestyles>{{Coor|36|14|06|N|112|41|19|W|region:US_type:city}} [[Òtù:Ịda ogbenye]] [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] q4tzs0nozu8nhn8i8cd1dmqapt1t22t 0 41711 644474 159664 2026-05-31T04:03:52Z Goodymeraj 16207 Fixed reference error 644474 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Usòrò:Nounours_a_manger_-_Flickr_-_tangi_bertin.jpg|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb| A na-emepụta anụ ọhịa bea site na iji starch mogul.]] '''Starch mogul''' bụ igwe na-eme candies akpụrụ akpụ ma ọ bụ ebe swiiti sitere na sirop ma ọ bụ gels, dị ka swiiti gummi . [1] A na-eme candies na ebe ndị a dị nro site na-ụka tray na ọka, ọka na-iche a poli n'ime starch, wee wụsa n ejikọta ma ọ bụ gel n'ime oghere ndị stampụ mere. Mgbe swiiti ahụ njembela, a na-ahụ ha na traị ahụ ma me ikike starch ahụ. Emepụtara Starch moguls gburugburu 1899 ma na-ahụ ya eme ihe n'ime afọ iri ma ọ bụ abụọ. [1] E ji osisi wuo ihe ndị mbụ a na-emebu, n'agbanyeghị na e mechara jiri njirimara njirimara ya. == Mmetụta == Starch moguls belatara ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ọrụ n'ime ụlọ ọrụ swiit wee si otú ahụ belata ụgwọ mmepụta maka swiiti. <ref name=":0">{{Cite book|author=Kawash|first=Samira|title=Candy: A Century of Panic and Pleasure|date=2013|publisher=Faber & Faber, Incorporated|location=New York|chapterurl=https://books.google.com/books?id=2NyTUwbHrGMC&pg=PT30|chapter=2|isbn=978-0865477568}}</ref> Ejiri aka rụọ usoro niile a na mbụ. Starch moguls mekwara ka nchekwa ndị ọrụ dịkwuo mma. Na mbụ, ọnụ ụlọ starch na-enwekarị ọkwa starch dị elu na ikuku. Ndị ọrụ ga-eku ume nke a ma malite ọrịa iku ume. Site n'ibelata ọnụ ọgụgụ starch na-ere ọkụ n'ikuku, igwe ndị ahụ na-ebelatakwa ohere nke mgbawa uzuzu na ọkụ. <ref name=":0" /> == Usoro == Usoro starch mogul bụ usoro mkpa zi swiiti nke na-enye ọhọd iji ihe ndị na-agba ọsọ na-agba ọsọ ma e jiri ya usoro ojiji. A na-eji ya dị jelii agwa na bea gummy, ma na-eji bu ya n'ebe marshmallows tupu obibia nke usoro extrusion. Usoro starch mogul na-eji igwe nwere trays nke starch. Tray nke ọ ela nwere ihe a na-akwatu ala n'ime ya iji ohere oghere na starch. A na-e oghere oghere ndị ahụ na ihe swiiti, ma kwe ka ọ dị ike ma ọ bụ sie ike dị ka ọ dị mkpa. N'oge a, starch na-enyere aka ikenye oke mmiri, na-eme ka swiiti na-akpọ akpụ a na-edozi. N'ikpeazụ, a na-atụba trays ndị ahụ ma kewapụ swiiti ahụ na starch, nke a na-akpọnwụ wee jiri ya mee ọzọ. Hans Arthur Faerber, onye nchoputa nke NID Pty Ltd, kere ụdị nke starch mogul system na 1952. A na-ewere starch nduku adịghị mma, n'ihi na ọ na-enwe ọchịchọ ịkụda mgbe ọ na-ehicha. Nhọrọ ndị ọzọ a na-ahụkarị bụ ọka wit, osikapa, ma ọ bụ ọka (maize) starch . <ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=x39c7NsHz6cC&pg=PA124|title=Zucker und Zuckerwaren|isbn=9783860229378|author=Hoffmann|first=Hartmut|date=January 2002|publisher=Behr's Verlag DE}}</ref> == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zllarvrXQ7g Vidiyo YouTube na-egosi ọrụ starch mogul] (nkeji nke atọ) dn31qm1lsr99wr5wlpb8uhlt9r1wq7p 0 41735 644025 159712 2026-05-30T14:00:33Z Chiziqa 13055 Fixed reference error 644025 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Usòrò:WTMP_Noel_Gonong_DSC_0083.JPG|thumb|300x300px| Smokey Mountain, na 2011.]] Ugwu Smokey bụ okwu e chepụtara maka nnukwu mkpofu dị na Tondo, Manila . == Akụkọ ihe mere eme == Smokey Mountain rụrụ ọrụ ihe karịrị afọ 50, <ref name="smokey">{{Cite web|title=Smokey Mountain Remediation and Development Project: Philippines|url=http://povertyenvironment.net/phi-smokey|publisher=Poverty Environment Partnership|accessdate=22 May 2013|date=25 October 2012|archivedate=18 July 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130718084509/http://povertyenvironment.net/phi-smokey}}</ref> nwere ihe karịrị nde metrik tọn abụọ. Ihe ndị na-ere ọkụ bụ́ ndị dị n’ihe mkpofu na-ere ere butere ọkụ nke butere ọnwụ ọtụtụ mmadụ. <ref name="Medina 2007 189">{{Cite book|author=Medina|first=Martin|title=The world's scavengers : salvaging for sustainable consumption and production|year=2007|publisher=AltaMira Press|location=Lanham, MD [u.a.]|isbn=978-0759109414|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=daCm1Eck0pkC&q=smokey+mountain+landfill&pg=PA189}}</ref> <ref name="smokey" /> Na March 19, 1993, e mere nkwekọrịta nkwekọrịta n'etiti National Housing Authority (NHA) na R-II Builders Inc. (RBI) iji wuo ụlọ obibi dị ọnụ ala na Smokey Mountain.  Na 15 Ọgọst 2007, Ụlọikpe Kasị Elu nke Philippine kwupụtara nkwekọrịta a dị irè.[1]  E mechiri mpaghara ahụ n'ihu ọha na 1995.[2]  A gbanwere saịtị ahụ ka ọ bụrụ ebe obibi ọha maka ndị ogbenye bi n'ime ụlọ mkpọmkpọ ebe gbara ebe a na-ekpofu ahịhịa.  A kpochapụrụkwa mkpọkpọ ụlọ ndị ahụ, bụ́ ebe obibi nke mmadụ 30,000 bụ́ ndị na-eji ihe e ji ebi ndụ eme ihe site n'ịtụgharị ihe mkpofu ahịhịa.[3] <ref>{{Cite web|title='Angel of the dump' Jane Walker transforming lives in Philippines|url=https://gulfnews.com/world/asia/philippines/angel-of-the-dump-jane-walker-transforming-lives-in-philippines-1.1036524|accessdate=2021-10-23|work=gulfnews.com|date=17 June 2012|language=en}}</ref>N'afọ ndị 1990, Jane Walker bịarutere Philippines na ezumike na tagzi ya were Smokey Mountain buru ya.  Ogbe Tondo nwera na ya wee ewepu na Southampton ebe ameri ya ime ihe mere.  Ka oge na-aga, ọ ga-ebuli ego, kpata ego ma wuo ụlọ akara na-agbanwe ihe mkpọfu ka ọ bụrụ ike dị ka akpa aka.  Enyere ya MBE na 2006 na na 2012 ọ bi na Philippines. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://home.earthlink.net/~lordprozen/PUF/bahang/state.html#ref4|title=Philippine Urban Forum &#124; State of the Philippine Urban System|work=home.earthlink.net|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090726041009/http://home.earthlink.net/~lordprozen/PUF/bahang/state.html#ref4|archivedate=July 26, 2009}}</ref>Gọọmenti na ndị otu na-alụ ndị na-alụkwa ọrụ a iji kwe ka ebe obibi obodo maka ndị bi n'ime ime obodo.  [1] Dị ka ndị UN-Habitat si kwuo, ihe ụmụaka nde mmadụ 20 na Philippines bi n'ime mkpọmkpọ ebe, [2] na n'obodo Manila naanị, 50% nke ihe nde mmadụ 11 bi na mpaghara mkpara. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Cruz|first=Prince Christian|title=Housing Sales and Rental Markets in Asia|url=http://www.globalpropertyguide.com/investment-analysis/Housing-Sales-and-Rental-Markets-in-Asia|publisher=Global Property Guide|accessdate=22 May 2013|date=10 July 2008|archivedate=15 May 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130515070516/http://www.globalpropertyguide.com/investment-analysis/Housing-Sales-and-Rental-Markets-in-Asia}}</ref> === Mbugharị gaa na mkpofu Payatas ===   <ref name="Medina 2007 189" />Mgbe Smokey Mountain mechiri na 1995, ọtụtụ ndị na-egwupụta ihe kwagara na Payatas dumpsite, bụ ebe nnukwu obodo ọzọ na-ekpochapụ bilitere.  [1] N'afọ 2000, mkpọda na mkpọfu Payatas gburugburu ihe ụmụaka tara abụọ.  [1] N'ihe dị ka afọ 2007, ihe dị ka mmadụ 80,000 bi na mkpofu Payatas == Na omenala == <ref>{{Cite news|author=Grana|first=Rhia|date=October 30, 2020|title=The Smokey Mountain—thirty years after|work=ABS-CBN News|url=https://news.abs-cbn.com/ancx/culture/music/10/30/20/the-smokey-mountainthirty-years-after|accessdate=March 7, 2023}}</ref>National Artist for Music Ryan Cayabyab hiwere otu egwu Smokey Mountain na 1989, aha ya bụ ihe mkpofu mmiri.  Ndị otu ahụ bụ abụ ndị isiokwu ndị mgbasa mgbasa na eze dị ka ogbenye, ikike ikike, gburugburu ebe obibi, na ndị ọrụ Filipino esenidụt . Onye na-ese ihe nkiri nke mba Lino Brocka debere ụfọdụ ihe nkiri ya n'ime mkpọmkpọ ebe nke Tondo.  Ugwu Smokey na- akara nke ọma dị ka ntọala maka ihe nkiri 1987 Pasan Ko ang Daigdig nke na-egosi Sharon Cuneta <ref>{{Cite news|date=April 3, 2019|title=What Lino Brocka would have done to the Marcoses|work=ABS-CBN News|url=https://news.abs-cbn.com/ancx/culture/spotlight/04/03/19/what-lino-brocka-would-have-done-to-the-marcoses|accessdate=March 7, 2023}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|author=Cepeda|first=Cody|date=2020-03-02|title=Baseco and the 'kick' from slum tourism|url=https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1235528/baseco-and-the-kick-from-slum-tourism|accessdate=2023-03-07|work=Philippine Daily Inquirer|language=en}}</ref>Ugwu Smokey so na njem nlegharị anya nke Smokey Tours haziri, otu ụlọ ọrụ onwe nke nyere ndị obodo dara ogbenye nri uru ya site na ibi ndụ na gburugburu ebe obibi.  Njem nlegharị anya na Smokey Mountain akpụkpọ na 2014 na nlegharị anya ọhụrụ na-eme njem na Happyland slum area na Tondo na Baseco Compound == Hụkwa == * Obere ụlọ na Metro Manila * Environment nke Philippines * Ịda ogbenye na Philippines * Na-agba ọsọ na Philippines == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Ịda ogbenye]] a7ala73si2wdrqvan4jvfhrl77u835c 0 42768 644182 539803 2026-05-30T18:39:59Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 644182 wikitext text/x-wiki   Mother Teresa Mission Higher School bụ ụlọ akwụkwọ na Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India.  O nwere alaka atọ na Kanpur: Alaka Kidwai Nagar, Alaka Koyla Nagar na Alaka Krishna Nagar. Ọ bụ Late Balraj Anand Silas na Dr. Veena Silas hiwere ụlọ akwụkwọ a na 1995. Ọ jikọtara ya na Council for the Indian School Certificate Examinations ma na-enye ụmụ akwụkwọ si ụlọ akwụkwọ ọta akara ruo ọkwa 12. Mother Teresa Mission Higher School dị nso na Swatantara Senani Marg, Micky House, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh .  Alaka nke abụọ ya dị na Koyla Nagar na nke atọ na Krishna Nagar. == Ntụaka == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20180605015127/http://www.eduvidya.com/Schools/Mother-Teresa-Higher-Secondary-School,-Kidwai-Nagar Nyocha site na Eduvidya.com] * [https://www.justdial.com/Kanpur/Mother-Teresa-Mission-H-S-School-Blk-K-Kidwai-Nagar/0512P512STD42249_BZDET Nyochaa na Justdial] * [https://www.icbse.com/schools/mother-teresa-mission-higher-secondary-school-r6kewy icbse] {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20240529063945/https://www.mtmhss.edu.in/ Weebụsaịtị gọọmentị] * [https://www.facebook.com/mtmhss.kanpur/ Ibe Facebook] [[Òtù:Aha]] gzvc56td8fcfpz37npbk9q0gzqxl6sd 0 43487 644452 496991 2026-05-31T02:12:29Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 644452 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Abubeker Nassir Ahmed''' ( Amharic ; amuru 23 February 2000) bu onye [[Footbọl|okacha]] amara ndi Etiopia nke na-egwu egwu maka Mamelodi Sundowns na Premier Soccer League na ndi otu mba Etiopia . <ref>{{Cite news|date=24 March 2021|title=Ethiopia stun Madagascar to revive qualification hopes|work=Box Score News|url=https://boxscorenews.com/ethiopia-stun-madagascar-to-revive-qualification-hopes-p159207-290.htm}}</ref> == Ọrụ klọb == Nassir hapụrụ ụlọ ịgba egwu mbụ ya na Harar City na 2016 (2009 EC ) ịbanye na kọfị kọfị Etiopia . <ref>{{Cite news|author=Gebremariam|first=Abraham|date=4 March 2021|title=የአቡበከር ናስር ወደ ታላቅነት ጉዞ|work=Soccer Ethiopia|url=https://soccerethiopia.net/football/65359}}</ref> Nassir na ndị otu B nke klọb na mbụ na-egwuri egwu tupu ọ banye ngwa ngwa banye na otu ndị agadi. <ref>{{Cite news|author=Tolesa|first=Dawit|date=20 March 2021|title=Abubakir: the early lights of a new star|work=The Reporter Ethiopia|url=https://www.thereporterethiopia.com/article/abubakir-early-lights-new-star}}</ref> Na 2020, Nassir bịanyere aka na mgbakwunye nkwekọrịta na kọfị Etiopia nke ga-edebe ya na klọb ruo 2025. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Mesfin|first=Daniel|date=2 September 2020|title=አቡበከር ናስር እና ሚኪያስ መኮንን ስለ ውል ማራዘማቸው ይናገራሉ|work=Soccer Ethiopia|url=https://soccerethiopia.net/football/59871|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20201202122800/https://soccerethiopia.net/football/59871|archivedate=2 December 2020}}</ref> N'afọ 2021, Kaizer Chiefs na Mamelodi Sundowns nke DStv Premiership agbagoro n'ịchụso onye okike onye Etiopia Abubeker Nassir. Ọzọkwa, ma Chiefs na Sundowns abụghị naanị otu ndị nwere mmasị na Nassir ka klọb si Algeria na Egypt na-elekwa ya anya. Dị ka ''KickOff'' si kwuo, Kọfị ajụlarị onyinye sitere n'aka ụlọ ọrụ Tanzania Azam mgbe ha dechara ihe ndị a na-enye maka onye ọkpọ ahụ. Mbipụta ahụ na-akọ na Nassir nwekwara onyinye na Georgia yana na obere nkewa nke bọọlụ Spanish. <ref>{{Cite web|date=10 November 2021|title=Kaizer Chiefs and Mamelodi Sundowns step up Nassir chase BUT...|url=https://www.thesouthafrican.com/sport/soccer/psl-south-africa/kaizer-chiefs-and-mamelodi-sundowns-step-up-nassir-chase-but/|accessdate=25 January 2022|work=The South African|language=en-ZA}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|date=11 June 2021|title=Ethiopian wonderkid Abubeker Nasir attracts PSL interest|url=https://www.kickoff.com/news/articles/south-africa-news/categories/news/premiership/ethiopian-wonderkid-abubeker-nasir-attracts-psl-interest/700657|accessdate=25 January 2022|work=Kick Off|archivedate=25 January 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220125094847/https://www.kickoff.com/news/articles/south-africa-news/categories/news/premiership/ethiopian-wonderkid-abubeker-nasir-attracts-psl-interest/700657}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|date=31 January 2022|title=Ethiopian striker, Abubeker Nassir could land a dream contract with Mamelodi Sundowns after impressing the club's technical team during his trial.|url=https://www.kickoff.com/news/articles/south-africa-news/categories/news/premiership/ethiopian-striker-abubeker-nassir-could-land-a-dream-contract-with-mamelodi-sundowns-after-impressin/712269|accessdate=31 January 2022|work=Kick Off|archivedate=10 February 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220210144613/https://www.kickoff.com/news/articles/south-africa-news/categories/news/premiership/ethiopian-striker-abubeker-nassir-could-land-a-dream-contract-with-mamelodi-sundowns-after-impressin/712269}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|date=31 January 2022|title=Sundowns Set To Offer Nassir Contract|url=https://www.idiskitimes.co.za/local/dstv-premiership/sundowns-set-to-offer-nassir-contract/|accessdate=31 January 2022|work=iDiski Times|language=en-US|archivedate=1 February 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220201043741/https://www.idiskitimes.co.za/local/dstv-premiership/sundowns-set-to-offer-nassir-contract/}}</ref> == Ọrụ mba ụwa == === Ebumnuche mba ụwa === ''Akara na rịzọlt dị na mbụ depụtara ọkpụ goolu Etiopia.'' <ref>{{Cite web|title=Abubeker Nassir|url=https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/76206/Abubeker_Nasir.html|accessdate=20 March 2021|work=National Football Teams|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211224020101/https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/76206/Abubeker_Nasir.html|archivedate=24 December 2021}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" |+ !Mba. ! Ụbọchị ! Ebe ! Onye mmegide ! Akara ! Nsonaazụ ! Asọmpi |- | align="center" | 1 | Maachị 17, 2021 | Bahir Dar Stadium, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia |</img> Malawi | align="center" | '''4-0''' | align="center" | 4–0 | Enyi na enyi |- | align="center" | 2 | Maachị 24, 2021 | Bahir Dar Stadium, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia |</img> Madagascar | align="center" | '''3-0''' | align="center" | 4–0 | Iso ntozu Iko Mba Afrịka 2021 |- | align="center" | 3 | Ọgọst 30, 2021 | Bahir Dar Stadium, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia |</img> Uganda | align="center" | '''1-0''' | align="center" | 2–1 | Enyi na enyi |- | align="center" | 4 | Nọvemba 14, 2021 | National Sports Stadium, Harare, Zimbabwe |</img> Zimbabwe | align="center" | '''1-1''' | align="center" | 1–1 | 2022 FIFA World Cup iru eru |- | align="center" | 5 | 5 Juun 2022 | Bingu National Stadium, Lilongwe, Malawi |</img> Malawi | align="center" | '''2–1''' | align="center" | 2–1 | Iso ntozu Iko Mba Afrịka 2023 |} == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} * Abubeker Nassir at WorldFootball.net {{Ethiopia squad 2021 Africa Cup of Nations}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] {{DEFAULTSORT:Nassir, Abubeker}} 51v9br6fa7zvo568roxcap66qgn66jq 0 43544 644578 165337 2026-05-31T08:31:57Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 644578 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Usòrò:"A_Gathering_of_Court_Women",_Folio_from_the_Davis_Album_MET_DP159389_(cropped).jpg|thumb|Very"Nchịkọta nke ụmụ nwanyị ụlọ ikpe"]]   Akụkọ ụmụ nwanyị bụ ọmụmụ gbasara ọrụ ụmụ nwanyị rụrụ n'akụkọ ihe mere eme na ụzọ achọrọ iji mee ya.  Ọ na-agụnye ọmụmụ gbasara akụkọ ntolite ikike ụmụ nwanyị n'ime akụkọ ihe mere eme edere, ihe ndị ọ rụpụtara n'ime oge, nyocha nke onye ọ bụla na otu ụmụ nwanyị nwere mkpa akụkọ ihe mere eme, na mmetụta ihe omume akụkọ ihe mere eme nwere n'ahụ ụmụ nwanyị.  Ihe dị n'ime ọmụmụ akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ụmụ nwanyị bụ nkwenye na ọtụtụ ndekọ akụkọ ihe mere eme ebelatala ma ọ bụ leghara onyinye ụmụ nwanyị na-enye n'akụkụ dị iche iche anya na mmetụta ihe omume akụkọ ihe mere eme nwere n'ahụ ụmụ nwanyị n'ozuzu ya;  n'akụkụ a, akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ụmụ nwanyị na-abụkarị ụdị ngbanwe nke akụkọ ihe mere eme, na-achọ ịma aka ma ọ bụ gbasaa nkwekọrịta ọdịnala ọdịnala. The main centers of scholarship have been the United States and Britain, where second-wave feminist historians, influenced by the new approaches promoted by social history, led the way. As activists in women's liberation, discussing and analyzing the oppression{{citation needed|date=March 2021}} and inequalities they experienced as women, they believed it imperative to learn about the lives of their fore mothers—and found very little scholarship in print. History was written mainly by men and about men's activities in the public sphere, especially in Africa—war, politics, diplomacy and administration. Women were usually excluded and, when mentioned, were usually portrayed in sex stereotypical roles such as wives, mothers, daughters, and mistresses.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Harris|first=Eleanor|date=November 22, 1960|title=Men Without Women|url=https://historymatters.gmu.edu/d/6564|accessdate=February 23, 2024|work=History Matters|archivedate=February 23, 2024|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240223233623/https://historymatters.gmu.edu/d/6564}}</ref> The study of history is value-laden in regard to what is considered historically "worthy." Other aspects of this area of study are the differences in women's lives caused by race, economic status, social status, and various other aspects of society.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Major Problems in American Women's History|author=Norton, Alexander, Block|first=Mary Beth, Ruth M., Sharon|publisher=CENGAGE Learning|year=2014|isbn=978-1-133-95599-3|location=Stanford, Connecticut}}</ref> Nnyocha nke akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ụmụ nwanyị agbanweela ka oge na-aga, <ref>{{Cite journal|author=Bannett|first=Judith|date=1993-06-01|title=Women's history: a study in continuity and change|journal=Women's History Review|volume=2|issue=2|pages=173–184|doi=10.1080/09612029300200028|issn=0961-2025}}</ref> site na mmegharị ụmụ nwanyị mbụ nke chọrọ iweghachite akụkọ ndị furu efu nke ụmụ nwanyị, na agụmakwụkwọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya nke na-achọ ijikọta ahụmịhe na echiche ụmụ nwanyị n'ime akụkọ ihe mere mere eme. Akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ụmụ nwanyị aghọwokwa akụkụ dị mkpa nke ngalaba dị iche iche dị ka ọmụmụ okike, ọmụmụ ụmụ nwanyị, na echiche ụmụ nwanyị.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Interdisciplinary (Women's and Gender Studies)|url=https://majors.missouri.edu/interdisciplinary-womens-and-gender-studies-ba/|accessdate=2023-03-12|work=Majors at Mizzou // University of Missouri|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|author=Woodward|first=Kath|date=2015-08-11|title=Gender studies and interdisciplinarity|journal=Palgrave Communications|language=en|volume=1|issue=1|pages=1–5|doi=10.1057/palcomms.2015.18|issn=2055-1045}}</ref> Oge ụfọdụ dị mkpa n'akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ụmụ nwanyị gụnyere mmegharị nke ikike ịtụ vootu, nke lụrụ ọgụ maka ikike ụmụ nwanyị nwere ịtụ vootu; mmegharị nke ụmụ nwanyị nke afọ 1960 na 1970, <ref>{{Cite web|author=March 29th|date=2016-03-29|title=A Brief History of Women's History|url=https://blogs.lse.ac.uk/gender/2016/03/29/a-brief-history-of-womens-history/|accessdate=2023-03-12|work=Engenderings|language=en-US}}</ref> nke dọtara uche n'okwu ndị dị ka ikike ịmụ nwa na ịkpa ókè n'ebe ọrụ; na mmegharị #MeToo, nke dọtara anya na mmụba nke iyi egwu mmekọahụ na mwakpo. <ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-06-07|title='Me Too' Global Movement - What is the 'Me Too" Movement|url=https://www.globalfundforwomen.org/movements/me-too/|accessdate=2023-03-12|work=Global Fund for Women|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=me too. Movement|url=https://metoomvmt.org/|accessdate=2023-03-12|work=me too. Movement|language=en-US}}</ref> Ụmụ nwanyị ama ama n'akụkọ ihe mere eme gụnyere ndị isi ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị dị ka Cleopatra, Joan of Arc, na Indira Gandhi; <ref>{{Cite web|title=15 of the most powerful women in history|url=https://bigthink.com/the-present/top-15-most-powerful-women-in-history/|accessdate=2023-03-12|work=Big Think|date=6 November 2016|language=en-US}}</ref> ndị edemede dị ka Jane Austen, Virginia Woolf, na Toni Morrison; <ref>{{Cite web|title=Authors of note: 12 female writers who are worthy of adoration {{!}} The Spokesman-Review|url=https://www.spokesman.com/stories/2020/jun/17/authors-of-note-12-female-writers-who-are-worth-a-/|accessdate=2023-03-12|work=www.spokesman.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|author=BiblioLifestyle|date=2021-03-19|title=30 Must-Read Classics by Women Writers|url=https://bibliolifestyle.com/30-must-read-classics-by-women-writers/|accessdate=2023-03-12|work=BiblioLifestyle|language=en-US}}</ref> ndị na-eme ihe dịka [[Harriet Tubman]], Susan B. Anthony, na Malala Yousafzai; <ref>{{Cite web|title=Compare And Contrast Malala And Susan B Anthony - 91 Words {{!}} Bartleby|url=https://www.bartleby.com/essay/Compare-And-Contrast-Malala-And-Susan-B-FJL2T2PYDT|accessdate=2023-03-12|work=www.bartleby.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=Influential Women in History {{!}} Montcalm Community College|url=https://www.montcalm.edu/sub-header/campus-life/arts-and-culture/events/womens-history-month/influential-women-in-history/|accessdate=2023-03-12|work=www.montcalm.edu|archivedate=2023-03-12|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230312190200/https://www.montcalm.edu/sub-header/campus-life/arts-and-culture/events/womens-history-month/influential-women-in-history/}}</ref> na ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị dị ka Marie Curie, Rosalind Franklin, na [[Ada Lovelace]] [4] [5]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Meet 10 Women in Science Who Changed the World|url=https://www.discovermagazine.com/the-sciences/meet-10-women-in-science-who-changed-the-world|accessdate=2023-03-12|work=Discover Magazine|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=22 pioneering women in science history you really should know about|url=https://www.sciencefocus.com/science/10-amazing-women-in-science-history-you-really-should-know-about/|accessdate=2023-03-12|work=BBC Science Focus Magazine|language=en}}</ref> == Mpaghara == === Europe === Mgbanwe bịara na narị afọ nke 19 na nke 20; dịka ọmụmaatụ, maka ụmụ nwanyị, ikike ịkwụ ụgwọ hà nhata dị ugbu a n'iwu. Ụmụ nwanyị na-elekọta ụlọ, na-amụ ma na-azụlite ụmụaka, bụ ndị nọọsụ, ndị nne, ndị nwunye, ndị agbata obi, ndị enyi, na ndị nkuzi. N'oge agha, a na-eduga ụmụ nwanyị n'ahịa ọrụ iji rụọ ọrụ nke a na-ejikarị ụmụ nwoke eme ihe. Mgbe agha ahụ gasịrị, ha na-enweghị ọrụ ha na ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe ma laghachi n'ọrụ ụlọ na ọrụ. <ref>Jutta Schwarzkopf, "Women's History: Europe" in {{Cite book|editor=Kelly Boyd|title=Encyclopedia of Historians and Historical Writing, vol 2|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0121vD9STIMC&pg=PA1316|year=1999|publisher=Taylor & Francis|pages=1316–18|isbn=9781884964336}}</ref> <ref>Karen Offen, Ruth Roach Pierson, and Jane Rendall, eds. ''Writing Women's History: International Perspectives'' (1991). covers 17 countries including Austria, Denmark, East Germany, Greece, the Netherlands, Norway, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and Yugoslavia.</ref><ref>Karen M. Offen, ''European feminisms, 1700-1950: a political history'' (2000) [[hdl:2027/heb.04531.0001.001|Online]]</ref> ==== Great Britain ==== Akụkọ banyere ụmụ nwanyị Scotland na ngwụcha narị afọ nke 19 na mmalite narị afọ nke 20 emebebeghị nke ọma dị ka ngalaba ọmụmụ ruo n'afọ 1980.  Tụkwasị na nke ahụ, a na-ebipụta ọtụtụ ọrụ na ụmụ nwanyị tupu 1700 kemgbe 1980. Ọtụtụ nchọpụta ewerewo usoro ndụ ndụ, ma ọrụ ndị ọzọ adọtawo na nghọta sitere na nchọpụta n'ebe ndị ọzọ iji nyochaa okwu ndị dị ka ọrụ, ezinụlọ, okpukpe, mpụ, na ihe oyiyi nke ndụ.  ụmụ nwanyị.  Ndị ọkammụta na-ekpughekwa olu ụmụ nwanyị n'akwụkwọ ozi ha, ihe ncheta ha, uri ha na akwụkwọ ụlọikpe.  N'ihi n'oge mmepe nke ubi, ọtụtụ ọrụ na-adịbeghị anya na-agbake, ma na-amụba nghọta nke akụkọ ihe mere eme nke nwoke na nwanyị, ma na mba ndị ọzọ na na akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Scottish mgbe 1700 gasịrị, na-eji mee ka ajụjụ ndị a jụrụ.  Ọrụ ga-eme n'ọdịnihu kwesịrị inye aka ma n'ịkọwagharị akụkọ akụkọ Scottish dị ugbu a yana ime ka mgbagwoju anya nke akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ụmụ nwanyị na njedebe oge ochie na mmalite oge Britain na Europe. Na Ireland ọmụmụ banyere ụmụ nwanyị, na mmekọrịta nwoke na nwanyị n'ozuzu ya, adịbeghị ụkọ tupu 1990; ha bụ ihe a na-ahụkarị ugbu a na ihe dị ka akwụkwọ 3000 na isiokwu na-ebipụta.<ref>Catriona Kennedy, "Women and Gender in Modern Ireland", in Bourke and McBride, eds. [https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=lang_en%7Clang_fr&id=HTRJCgAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PA361&dq=Historiography+Ireland+gender&ots=OaODxwl1z9&sig=qdc4z8Bw3Yg9KHoaf7nO4NzCMJc#v=onepage&q=Historiography%20Ireland%20gender&f=false ''The Princeton History of Modern Ireland'' (2016) pp. 361+]</ref> Ndị France na-akọ akụkọ ihe mere eme eme ejirila ụzọ pụrụ iche: enwere agụmakwụkwọ dị ukwuu na akụkọ ihe mere anya ụmụ nwanyị na okike n'agbanyeghị enweghị mmemme ma ọ bụ ngalaba ọmụmụ ụmụ nwanyị na nke okike na ọkwa mahadum. Mana usoro ndị ọkà mmụta ndị ọzọ na-eji eme ihe na nyocha nke akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ọha na eze ejirila ya mee ihe na mpaghara akụkọ ihe mere anya ụmụ nwanyị. Ọnọdụ dị elu nke nyocha na mbipụta na akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ụmụ nwanyị na okike bụ n'ihi mmasị dị elu n'ime ndị France. Ịkpa ókè na agụmakwụkwọ megide isiokwu nke akụkọ ihe mere eme nke okike na France na-agbanwe n'ihi mmụba nke ọmụmụ mba ụwa na-esote nguzobe nke European Union, na ndị ọkà mmụta French na-achọ nhọpụta na mpụga Europe.<ref>[[Françoise Thébaud]], "Writing Women's and Gender History in France: A National Narrative?" ''Journal of Women's History'', Spring 2007, Vol. 19 Issue 1, pp. 167–172.</ref> 1qtnrgds78p0c149o834wv5kk1nu27x 0 43846 644581 164557 2026-05-31T08:47:26Z Iwuala chisom 17246 Fixed reference errors 644581 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}  '''Sutume Asefa Kebede''' bụ onye na-agba ọsọ ogologo si [[Ethiopia|Etiopia]] . https://web.archive.org/web/20240317223341if_/https://more.arrs.run/runner/40827 Ọ meriri Houston Half Marathon 2024, 2023 [[Kolkata 25K]], Marathon Beijing 2019, na Marathon Tokyo 2024 . <ref>{{Cite web|date=2024-03-03|title=Sutume Asefa Kebede Stuns The Field, Wins Tokyo Marathon|url=https://marathonhandbook.com/sutume-asefa-kebede-stuns-the-field-wins-tokyo-marathon/|accessdate=2024-04-01|language=en-US}}</ref> https://web.archive.org/web/20231130144758if_/https://www.letsrun.com/news/2015/04/some-missed-road-results-from-the-weekend-german-miler-homiyu-tesfaye-wins-osterlauf-10k-in-2754/ == Ọrụ == Ihe ngosi izizi nke Kebede nke Association of Road Racing Statisticians dekọtara bụ mmeri ya na asọmpi 15K na Kerzerslauf [ de ] na Kerzers, [[Switzerland]], na 21 March 2015, nke o ji oge 50:34 mechie. .6. https://web.archive.org/web/20231130095531if_/https://www.paderborner-osterlauf.de/ergebnisse/archiv/674-ergebnisse-2015.html O meriri agbụrụ isii na ngwụcha izu isii na-esochi, [lower-alpha 1] gụnyere ihe omume 10K na Paderborn Osterlauf [ de ] na Paderborn, [[Jémanị|Germany]], na 4 April jiri oge nke 31:47, https://web.archive.org/web/20231130144758if_/https://www.letsrun.com/news/2015/04/some-missed-road-results-from-the-weekend-german-miler-homiyu-tesfaye-wins-osterlauf-10k-in-2754/ [lower-alpha 2], Lago Maggiore Half Marathon [ ya ] n'akụkụ Ọdọ Mmiri Maggiore dị na [[Italy]], na 19 April jiri oge nke 1:09:07, https://web.archive.org/web/20191225100356if_/https://www.lastampa.it/verbano-cusio-ossola/sport/2015/04/20/news/dominio-keniano-alla-lago-maggiore-half-marathon-1.35274388 na 25 Berlin, 25K na Berlin, [[Jémanị|Germany]], na 10 May nke nwere oge nke 1:21 :55. Ọrụ ya na Berlin 25 bụkwa ndekọ Etiopia n'oge ahụ. https://web.archive.org/web/20220817130746if_/https://aims-worldrunning.org/articles/317-sutume-kebede-breaks-ethiopian-25-k-record-in-big-25-berlin-abraham-cheroben-defends-with-a-world-lead.html == Ihe ndetu == == Edensibia == asọmpi 15K na Kerzerslauf [ de ] na Kerzers, Switzerland, na 21 March 2015, nk == Njikọ mpụga == * Sutume Kebede at World Athletics {{Footer Tokyo Marathon Champions Women}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] sdbqgcxo6o7fr74y8yj5smjb44afesn 0 43880 644117 164660 2026-05-30T16:30:44Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 644117 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=José Antonio Canales Rivera|image=CanalesRivera-Arcos-2006-Dsc03542.jpg|birth_name=José Antonio Canales Rivera|birth_date={{Birth date and age|1974|3|28}}|birth_place=[[Barbate]], [[Cádiz]]|occupation=Bullfighter|parents=José Antonio Canales<br>Teresa Rivera|spouse={{marriage|María del Carmen Fernandez Deudero<br>|2004|2016|end=div}}|children=2|website=}} José Antonio Canales Rivera ( banyere 28 Maachị 1974 na Barbate, Cádiz, Andalusia, Spain ) bụ onye ama ama ama ama ama ama ama ama na onye na-agba ehi Spanish. Ọ bụ onye njirimara dị mkpa nke ndị na-agba ehi.  Nne ya, Teresa Rivera Pérez, bụ nwanne Francisco Rivera Pérez " Paquirri " na José Rivera Pérez, "Riverita".  Ụmụ nwanne ya bụkwa ndị ma ama nke ọma, Francisco Rivera Ordóñez na Cayetano Rivera Ordóñez <ref>[http://www.sevillapress.com/noticia/7345.html Sevilla Press]</ref>Na 29 October 2004, ọ ngosi María del Carmen Fernández Deudero na Cádiz na ha nwere ụmụ abụọ, José Antonio "Pancho" (30 May 2005-) [1] na Carmela Guadalupe (1 May 2007-) == Ntụaka == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20250808140037/http://www.portaltaurino.com/matadores/canales_rivera.htm Akụkọ Portal Taurino] {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 6r0etc10utgizsn2wp8vxo9vmdq4cc4 0 44163 644494 165314 2026-05-31T05:48:52Z Nachi kim 20090 Fixed reference error 644494 wikitext text/x-wiki   {{Databox}}Thubelihle Thabo Sithole (amụrụ ya na-ubochi iri n’onwa Juun nke afo 1995) bụ onye egwuregwu [[basketball]] nke obodo South Africa maka Cape Town Tigers na otu egwuregwu basketball nke mba South Africa. == Mbido ndu == A mụrụ ya na KwaZulu-Natal, Sithole gara Durban High School ma malite itu bọọlụ mgbe ọ dị oge afọ asato.<ref name="bigtipoff">{{Cite news|title=Sithole feels Tigers have the right tools for BAL mission|url=https://thebigtipoff.co.za/sithole-tigers-bal/|accessdate=26 October 2021|work=The Big Tip Off|date=20 October 2021|language=en}}</ref> == Ọrụ ọkachamara == Na Disemba nke afo 2015, Sithole bịanyere aka na Žalgiris, n'ihi nleta onye isi nchịkwa Darius Dimavičius gara obodo South Africa.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Zalgiris add South African prospect Thabo Sithole|url=https://www.talkbasket.net/18546-zalgiris-add-south-african-prospect-thabo-sithole|accessdate=26 October 2021|work=TalkBasket.net|date=12 December 2015|language=en}}</ref>Sithole malitere ọrụ ọkachamara ya na Lithuania na Žalgiris-2 na ọkwa nke abụọ nke National Basketball League (NKL). N' oge afọ 2018, ọ bịanyere aka na mba South Africa na KwaZulu Marlins nke Basketball National League (BNL). <ref name="b">{{Cite web|title=Thabo Sithole (ex Zalgiris II) joins Kwazulu Marlins|url=https://www.afrobasket.com/South-Africa/news/543570/Thabo-Sithole-|publisher=Afrobasket.com|accessdate=26 October 2021}}</ref> N'ọnwa Ọktoba nke afo 2019, Sithole so Jozi Nuggets tuo bọọlụ na 2021 BAL qualifiers. <ref name="bigtipoff"/>Kemgbe afo 2021, Sithole nọ na ndepụta nke Cape Town Tigers. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Thubelihle Thabo SITHOLE at the ROAD TO BAL 2022 2021|url=https://www.fiba.basketball/africaleague/2022/qualifiers/player/Thubelihle-Thabo-Sithole|work=FIBA.basketball|accessdate=26 October 2021|language=en}}</ref> == Ọrụ ndị otu mba == Sithole atuola bọọlụ maka otu egwuregwu bọọlụ mba South Africa. Ọ gbara bọọlụ na AfroBasket 2017. Ọ tukwara bọọlụ maka otu egwuregwu dị n'okpuru afọ iri na isii nke mba ahụ.<ref name="b"/> == Nke onwe == Sithole anọola na Master program nke Development Science na Mahadum KwaZulu-Natal . <ref name="bigtipoff"/> == Edensibia == [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] o68qc9t3j8meqaxjbkm4e3u7prbbm53 0 44434 644090 166030 2026-05-30T15:43:25Z Mirah50 16972 Fixed reference errors 644090 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=Taubie Kushlick|image=|caption=|birth_name=Taubie Braun|birth_date={{Birth date |1910|5|7|df=y}}|birth_place=Luckoff, [[Orange Free State]], [[South Africa]]|death_date={{death date and age |1991|03|13|1910|05|07|df=y}}|death_place=[[Johannesburg]], [[South Africa]]|years_active=|occupation=Actress/Producer|spouse=Philip Kushlick|website=}} '''Taubie Kushlick''' (1910&#x2D;) bụ onye na-eme ihe nkiri na onye na-emepụta ihe na Ndida Afrika. A bịara mara ya dị ka onye na-akpọ onwe ya "Nwannyi mbụ nke ebe nkiri ". == Ndụ onwe onye na agụmakwụkwọ == == Ọrụ == Ọrụ Kushlick dị ka onye na-eme ihe nkiri na onye na-emepụta ihe nkiri gafere ihe karịrị afọ iri isii.<ref name="tk">{{Cite book|year=1987|first=James|author=Clarke|title=Like it was: The Star, 100 years in Johannesburg|publisher=Argus Print. & Pub. Co.}}</ref>Ọ natara otuto maka ọrụ ya a ma ama na ihe nkiri Ndida Afrika.<ref>[https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/judaica/ejud_0002_0019_0_18926.html SOUTH AFRICAN LITERATURE] Jewish Virtual Library</ref> Ụzọ o si eme ihe ghọkwara ihe pụrụ iche nke ọrụ ya, ọ kwetara n'otu oge "Ụdị m na-anwụ n'ụlọ ihe nkiri. Abụ m onye nduzi nke ga-ewepụ ihe niile".<ref name="fv">[http://janiallan.com/facetoface/ TAUBIE KUSHLICK: 'It's Queen Kong.' (Gasp-gasp faint-faint)] janiallan.com. Retrieved on 21 June 2014</ref> Ihe ndị dị mkpa n'ọrụ ya gụnyere imepụta maka Reps (Alexander Theatre), Ebe nkiri mba(PACT), She nkiri umuaka, mahadum na CAPAB. A na-ahọpụta ya ugboro ugboro maka onyinye ụmụ nwanyị ndịda Afrịka nke afọ maka ihe nkiri ya. <ref name="w21" /> Ọ nwere ihe ịga nke ọma pụrụ iche na mmepụta dị ka Fiddler on the roof, Lion in Winter, Bravo Piaf , Nwa akwụkwọ nwaeze na Ntakiri egwu abalị, na-eduzi ma na-eme ihe nkiri n'akụkụ Eric Flynn.<ref name="w21">{{Cite book|year=2000|first=Human Sciences|author=Research Council|title=Women marching into the 21st century: wathint' abafazi, wathint' imbokodo|publisher=HSRC Press}}<cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFResearch_Council2000">Research Council, Human Sciences (2000). ''Women marching into the 21st century: wathint' abafazi, wathint' imbokodo''. HSRC Press.</cite></ref>  Ọ bụ onye na-enwe mmasị na Jacques Brel ma mepụta ọtụtụ egwu egwu na-egosi egwu ya. Ka ọ na-erule n'afọ 1982, ihe kachasị ogologo n'ime ihe nkiri ọ bụla na Johannesburg bụ Kushlick's Jacques Brel is Alive and Well and Living in Paris.<ref name="pb">{{Cite book|year=1982|first=Eric|author=Rosenthal|title=Total Book of South African Records|publisher=Delta Books}}</ref> Na mbido afọ 1973, o mere ihe ngosi pụrụ iche nke Jacques Brel iji nweta ego maka [[Israel|Isrel]] n'oge Agha Yom Kippur. <ref name="Blow1974">{{Cite book|year=1974|first=Desmond|author=Blow|title="Take now thy son": the Yom Kippur War : South Africa's involvement|publisher=H. Timmins}}</ref> Ọ bụ onye otu ndụ nsọpụrụ nke Otu ndị na eleta ebe nkiri ndida Afrika na onye nkwado nke Theatre Gallery Club. Ọ ghọkwara onye guzobere na onye nduzi Taubie Kushlick Productions (Pty) Ltd . <ref name="w21">{{Cite book|year=2000|first=Human Sciences|author=Research Council|title=Women marching into the 21st century: wathint' abafazi, wathint' imbokodo|publisher=HSRC Press}}<cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFResearch_Council2000">Research Council, Human Sciences (2000). ''Women marching into the 21st century: wathint' abafazi, wathint' imbokodo''. HSRC Press.</cite></ref> Onyinye e nyere ya gụnyere André Huguenet Memorial Medal maka ọrụ ọsụ ụzọ na ihe nkiri, B'nai B'rith Cultural Trophy, Italian Cultural Medal na Adelaide Ristori. A họpụtakwara ya dị ka Nwaanyị nke Afọ n'ọtụtụ oge.<ref name="w21" /> N'afọ 1999, e debere ya na nke iri asatọ na asatọ na Ha kpụrụ nyocha nke narị afọ anyị, ndepụta 100 kachasị elu e bipụtara banyere nke ndị mmadụ nwere mmetụta kachasị na ndida Afrika n'oge narị afọ nke iri abụọ. N'ime akụkọ ndụ ya nke afọ 2002, onye na-eme ihe nkiri na Britain bụ Amanda Barrie kwuru na ya na Kushlick rụkọrọ ọrụ na mmepụta nke ''Cabaret'' na South Afrika na 1969. Nke a bụ n'oge oke ịkpa ókè agbụrụ ma Barrie kwuru na ya "ọ kpọtụbeghị onye ọ bụla asị nke ukwuu na ndụ m". == Ebe mụ si dee == Nchịkọta ikike 1p89fr4cvlijkd0xghothj7npni28q6 0 44725 644464 207443 2026-05-31T03:42:21Z Goodymeraj 16207 644464 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=St. William Grant|image_size=141px|alt=|caption=|birth_name=|birth_date=1894|birth_place=Brandon Hill, [[Saint Andrew Parish, Jamaica|St Andrew]], [[Jamaica]]|death_date={{Death date and age|df=yes|1977|08|27|1894|08|27}} <!-- NB birth mm|dd are unknown. Here fudged so an age will display -->|death_place=Kingston, Jamaica|body_discovered=|death_cause=|resting_place=|resting_place_coordinates=<!-- {{coord|LAT|LONG|display=inline,title}} -->|nationality=[[Jamaica]]n|citizenship=|other_names=|known_for=Trade unionist and labour activist|education=St Phillips Church School, St Andrew<br>West Branch Elementary School, Kingston|alma_mater=|employer=|occupation=|years_active=1930s|height=|title=|term=|party=|opponents=|spouse=|partner=|children=|parents=|relations=|awards=[[Order of Distinction]]|signature=|website=|footnotes=}} '''William Wellington WellwoOD Grant''' OD (1894 - 27 Ọgọst 1977) bụ onye ọrụ [[Jamaikạ|Ndị Jamaica]] . <ref name="Gleaner">Dr. Rebecca Tortello, [https://web.archive.org/web/20090315133454/http://jamaica-gleaner.com/pages/history/story0034.html "The Founding of The BITU & The JLP"], ''[[Jamaica Gleaner]]'', 9 September 2002.</ref> A maara ya dị ka "St. William Grant", [1] "St." nke nwere ike ịpụta "Sergeant" na-ezo aka na ọrụ agha ya ma ọ bụ UNIA.[2]   <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2009)">citation needed</span>]]''&#x5D;</sup> A na-ewere ya dị ka onye malitere mgba nke ndị klassi ọrụ na Jamaika{{Citation needed|date=August 2009}}<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2009)">citation needed</span>]]''&#x5D;</sup> na N'ịghọta na dị ka onye ojii na-agụghị akwụkwọ na ọ dịghị mgbe ọ ga-enweta nkwanye ùgwù nke Gọọmenti Ọchịchị, o nyere Alexander Bustamante na ibu ọrụ nke iwere mgba mgba nke ndị na-arụ ọrụ na ọkwa ọzọ.{{Citation needed|date=August 2009}} == Ndụ mmalite == A mụrụ Grant na Brandon Hill na ime obodo St Andrew . Ọ gara St Phillips Church School na St Andrew na West Branch Elementary School na [[Kingston]] . [1] Dị ka nwa okorobịa ọ ghọrọ onye ọrụ ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri na Kingston.[1] Mgbe Agha Ụwa Mbụ malitere, ọ banyere n'Ụgbọ mmiri ndị agha Britain, wee sonye na Eleventh British West India Regiment.[1]<ref name="Hill">[[Robert A. Hill (Jamaican historian)|Robert A Hill]] (ed.), [https://books.google.com/books?id=TMV3n-26cLAC&dq=Marcus%20Garvey%20and%20Universal%20Negro%20Improvement%20Association%20Papers%3A%20November%201927-August%201940&pg=PA309 ''Marcus Garvey and Universal Negro Improvement Association Papers: November 1927-August 1940''], vol. 7, 1992, {{ISBN|978-0-520-07208-4}}.</ref> Mgbe agha ahụ gasịrị, ọ laghachiri Jamaica nwa oge tupu ọ kwaga New York na 1920. N'ebe ahụ, ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye na-esi nri na ụlọ oriri na ọṅụṅụ mgbe ọ na-etinye aka na ngalaba Tiger nke Universal Negro Improvement Association na African Communities League (UNIA). [1]<ref name="Hill" /> N'afọ 1934, ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye nnọchiteanya na mgbakọ UNIA na Jamaica, ebe [[Marcus Garvey]] n'onwe ya chụpụrụ ya na UNIA maka "ighi ezi ebumnuche na ebumnuche nke nzukọ ahụ". N'ịnọgide na Jamaica, Grant gara n'ihu na-enweta ego ya dị ka onye na-esi nri ma sonye na mmegide, n'oge a dị ka onye ndu ọrụ. N'ọnwa Mee afọ 1938, Ndị ọrụ ụgbọ mmiri nke United Fruit Company nọ na-eme ngagharị iwe. A maara Bustamante na Grant dị ka ndị ọkà okwu na-akwalite ma na-eduzi ọgbaghara ahụ. E jidere ha abụọ na 24 Mee, onye nyocha ndị uwe ojii wee jide ha. Mgbe Bustamante kwetara ijide ya, St. William Grant mere mkpesa ma tie ya ihe nke ukwuu. E boro ha abụọ ebubo ịkpali nzukọ iwu na-akwadoghị na igbochi ndị uwe ojii, a jụrụ ha ịgbapụta ma dị ka ụdị mmechuihu a na-ewepụ ha n'ime uwe ha. Ihe omume ndị ahụ dugara n'ịgba arụkwaghịm na ọgba aghara, ruo mgbe ụlọ ikpe tọhapụrụ Bustamante na Grant na 28 Mee.<ref name="Gleaner"/> Grant na Bustamante nwere esemokwu ma ọ dịghị mgbe ọ ghọrọ akụkụ nke Jamaica Labour Party. N'afọ 1947, ọ sonyeere West Kingston nkewa maka People's National Party na ntuli aka mbụ nke Municipal (KSAC) mgbe ndị okenye nwesịrị ikike ịtụ vootu ma ihe karịrị 2 na 1 meriri ya. Ọ pụtaghị ọzọ na asọmpi ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ọ bụla ọzọ.<ref name="Gleaner"/> Otú ọ dị, na 1950 Bustamante tụrụ aro ka a họpụta Grant ka ọ bụrụ onye nche na Central Housing Authority (mgbe e mesịrị Ministry of Housing) nke ọ nọgidere na ya ruo ọnwụ ya. == Nsọpụrụ == E nyere Grant Order of Distinction na National Heroes Day, 1974. Mgbe nke a gasịrị, UNIA haziri ụtụ pụrụ iche maka ya na 21 Disemba 1974. [1] E nyere ya olili ozu steeti na 5 Septemba 1977. [1]<ref name="Hill" /> == Ogige St. William Grant == A na-akpọ ogige St. William Grant nke dị n'etiti obodo [[Kingston|Kingston, Jamaica]] iji sọpụrụ William Grant.<ref name="jnht">{{Cite web |url=http://www.jnht.com/heritage_site.php?id=168 |title=Jamaica National Heritage Trust |accessdate=2024-05-17 |archivedate=2007-12-30 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071230033253/http://www.jnht.com/heritage_site.php?id=168 }}</ref> A na-akpọbu ya Victoria Park iji sọpụrụ Queen Victoria nke United Kingdom, [1] a gbanwere aha ya obere oge Grant nwụsịrị. Ihe oyiyi dị n'ogige ntụrụndụ ahụ gụnyere Queen [[Queen Victoria|Victoria nke United Kingdom, Norman Manley]], <ref name="jnht"/>, <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20111008160332/http://www.soccertriad.com/jamaica.html Understanding Jamaica: A Cultural Perspective], Lee R. Duffus</ref> Alexander Bustamante, Charles Metcalfe, 1st Baron Metcalfe na Edward Jordan, onye isi ojii mbụ nke obodo Kingston (1854-1866). == Ebe m si dee == <references /> 64ioq49cudwm3ieaj0ziyyw6jmg5sfj 0 44747 644508 166715 2026-05-31T05:57:19Z Geraldine Kene 23189 Fixed reference error 644508 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|image=|caption=}} '''Yvette Francis-McBarnette''' (Mee 10, 1926 - March 28, 2016) bụ onye Amerika na-ahụ maka ụmụaka na onye ọsụ ụzọ n'ịgwọ ụmụaka nwere ọrịa sickle cell anaemia.<ref name="MyUser_The_New_York_Times_April_10_2016c">{{Cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/04/08/nyregion/yvette-fay-francis-mcbarnette-a-pioneer-in-treating-sickle-cell-anemia-dies-at-89.html|title=Yvette Fay Francis-McBarnette, a Pioneer in Treating Sickle Cell Anemia, Dies at 89|date=April 7, 2016|accessdate=April 10, 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160409183230/http://www.nytimes.com/2016/04/08/nyregion/yvette-fay-francis-mcbarnette-a-pioneer-in-treating-sickle-cell-anemia-dies-at-89.html|archivedate=April 9, 2016}}</ref> == Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ == A mụrụ Francis-McBarnette na [[Kingston|Kingston, Jamaika]] na 10 Mee 1926 n'ezinụlọ ndị nkuzi Clarence na Sarah Francis.<ref name=":0" /> Ezinụlọ ahụ kwagara New York City mgbe ọ bụ nwata. Ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Ụlọ akwụkwọ Sekondri Kọleji Hunter mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na anọ, mgbe ahụ ọ debanyere aha na Kọleji Hunter wee mechaa nzere bachelọ na kemistri, soro nzere masta na kemistri na Mahadum Columbia.[1]<ref name="yalemed" />N'afọ 1946, mgbe ọ dị afọ 19, ọ debara aha ya na Ụlọ akwụkwọ Ọgwụ Yale - ọ bụ nwanyị ojii nke abụọ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ.[1] Francis-McBarnette gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Ụlọ ọgwụ Michael Reese na [[Chicago]].<ref name="lancet">{{Cite journal|author=Snyder|first=Alison|title=Obituary - Yvette Fay Francis-McBarnette|journal=The Lancet|volume=387|issue=10031|date=2016|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(16)30411-1|pmid=27203644|pages=1902}}</ref> Ọ laghachiri n'ụlọ akwụkwọ n'afọ 1978, iji mezue ebe obibi na ọgwụ ime ụlọ na mkpakọrịta na hematology na Ebe etiti Ụlọ ọgwụ Bronx-Lebanon. Nke a nyere ya ohere ịga n'ihu na-agwọ ndị ọrịa ọ hụrụ na mbụ na mmemme nyocha nke anemia nke ụmụaka.<ref name="yalemed">{{Cite journal|author=Collins|first=Sonya|title=Breaking barriers in medicine and race|url=http://yalemedicine.yale.edu/spring2011/people/alumni/109125/|accessdate=13 April 2016|volume=45|issue=3|date=2011}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFCollins2011">Collins, Sonya (2011). [http://yalemedicine.yale.edu/spring2011/people/alumni/109125/ "Breaking barriers in medicine and race"]. ''Yale Medicine''. '''45''' (3). Yale School of Medicine. [https://web.archive.org/web/20160423182259/http://yalemedicine.yale.edu/spring2011/people/alumni/109125/ Archived] from the original on 23 April 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 April</span> 2016</span>.</cite></ref> == Ọrụ == Ọnọdụ ahụike mbụ Francis-McBarnette bụ na Bellevue Hospital na New York City.<ref name="lancet" /> O mechara bụrụ onye nduzi nke ụlọ ọgwụ sickle cell anaemia na Jamaica Ụlọ ọgwụ ebe etiti ọgwụ na Queens ma jikwaa Ezinụlọ ebe etiti ọgwụ St Albans.[1] N'afọ 1966, ya na ndị ọrụ ibe ya Dr. Doris Wethers na Dr. Lila Fenwick, malitere Ntọala maka Nyocha na agụmakwụkwọ na ọrịa Sickle Cell. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=http://www.bendbulletin.com/nation/4200281-151/yvette-fay-francis-mcbarnette-was-a-pioneer-in-more|title=Yvette Fay Francis-McBarnette|work=The Bulletin|date=10 April 2016|accessdate=2016-04-11|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160505024418/http://www.bendbulletin.com/nation/4200281-151/yvette-fay-francis-mcbarnette-was-a-pioneer-in-more|archivedate=2016-05-05}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[http://www.bendbulletin.com/nation/4200281-151/yvette-fay-francis-mcbarnette-was-a-pioneer-in-more "Yvette Fay Francis-McBarnette"]. ''The Bulletin''. 10 April 2016. [https://web.archive.org/web/20160505024418/http://www.bendbulletin.com/nation/4200281-151/yvette-fay-francis-mcbarnette-was-a-pioneer-in-more Archived] from the original on 2016-05-05<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-04-11</span></span>.</cite></ref> Francis-McBarnett jiri ọgwụ nje mee ihe na ndị ọrịa ya, na nsonaazụ dị mma, ọ bụ ezie na ejighị n'aka na ọ dị irè ruo mgbe afọ iri na ise gachara n'otu isiokwu dị na Akwụkwọ akụkọ ọgwụ England Ọhuru. <ref name="yalemed">{{Cite journal|author=Collins|first=Sonya|title=Breaking barriers in medicine and race|url=http://yalemedicine.yale.edu/spring2011/people/alumni/109125/|accessdate=13 April 2016|volume=45|issue=3|date=2011}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFCollins2011">Collins, Sonya (2011). [http://yalemedicine.yale.edu/spring2011/people/alumni/109125/ "Breaking barriers in medicine and race"]. ''Yale Medicine''. '''45''' (3). Yale School of Medicine. [https://web.archive.org/web/20160423182259/http://yalemedicine.yale.edu/spring2011/people/alumni/109125/ Archived] from the original on 23 April 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 April</span> 2016</span>.</cite></ref> Ka ọ na-erule n'afọ 1970, ụlọ ọgwụ ya enyocha ihe karịrị ụmụaka ụlọ akwụkwọ Puku iri abụọ maka ọrịa ahụ, na-etinye ndị nwere ọrịa ahụ na ọgwụ nje, nke ụfọdụ nọgidere na-ewere n'oge ndụ ha niile.[1]<ref name="yalemed" /> A kpọrọ ya ka ọ sonye na kọmitii White House na-elekwasị anya na njikwa ọrịa ahụ. Ọrụ kọmitii ahụ dugara na 1972 National Sickle Cell Anemia Control Act, nke Onye isi ala Richard Nixon bịanyere aka, nke jiri ego gọọmentị etiti maka nyocha, ndụmọdụ, agụmakwụkwọ na nyocha.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=http://www.bendbulletin.com/nation/4200281-151/yvette-fay-francis-mcbarnette-was-a-pioneer-in-more|title=Yvette Fay Francis-McBarnette|work=The Bulletin|date=10 April 2016|accessdate=2016-04-11|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160505024418/http://www.bendbulletin.com/nation/4200281-151/yvette-fay-francis-mcbarnette-was-a-pioneer-in-more|archivedate=2016-05-05}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[http://www.bendbulletin.com/nation/4200281-151/yvette-fay-francis-mcbarnette-was-a-pioneer-in-more "Yvette Fay Francis-McBarnette"]. ''The Bulletin''. 10 April 2016. [https://web.archive.org/web/20160505024418/http://www.bendbulletin.com/nation/4200281-151/yvette-fay-francis-mcbarnette-was-a-pioneer-in-more Archived] from the original on 2016-05-05<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-04-11</span></span>.</cite></ref> == Ndụ onwe onye == Ọ lụrụ Olvin R. McBarnette, ha nwere ụmụ isii, <ref name="yalemed">{{Cite journal|author=Collins|first=Sonya|title=Breaking barriers in medicine and race|url=http://yalemedicine.yale.edu/spring2011/people/alumni/109125/|accessdate=13 April 2016|volume=45|issue=3|date=2011}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFCollins2011">Collins, Sonya (2011). [http://yalemedicine.yale.edu/spring2011/people/alumni/109125/ "Breaking barriers in medicine and race"]. ''Yale Medicine''. '''45''' (3). Yale School of Medicine. [https://web.archive.org/web/20160423182259/http://yalemedicine.yale.edu/spring2011/people/alumni/109125/ Archived] from the original on 23 April 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 April</span> 2016</span>.</cite></ref> na ụmụ ụmụ atọ. Nwa ya nwoke Bruce McBarnette bụ onye mmeri na-eme egwuregwu. == Mbiputa ndị a họọrọ == * Ọnọdụ ugbu a nke ọrịa mkpụrụ ndụ na-arịa ọrịa na Outlook maka mmemme nyocha. ''J Natl Med Assoc.'' 1972 Nov; 64 (6): 532, 549-550. PMC 2608956 * Ntọala maka nyocha na agụmakwụkwọ na ọrịa sickle cell. Akwụkwọ ịkpọ òkù Site n'aka Francis YF, Wethers DL, Fenwick LA. ''J Natl Med Assoc.'' 1970 Mee;62 (3):200-3 [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2608956/] * Nnyocha na mmemme ndụmọdụ mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa maka àgwà sickle cell na ọrịa sickle cell. ''J Am Med Womens Assoc.'' 1974 Septemba;29 (9):406-10 * Hyposthenuria na ọrịa sickle cell. ''J Natl Med Assoc.'' 1968 Jul;60 (4):266-70. * Francis, Yvette Fay "Ọrịa Sickle Cell". Collier's Encyclopedia 1997 ed. == Ebe m si dee == {{Reflist}} s35ftewx539s71nn923h3wrx4hstb1z 0 44777 644327 166794 2026-05-30T21:33:14Z Sayvhior 13464 Fixed reference errors 644327 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Prenatal vitamins make amakwara dika prenatal supplement bu vitamin na mineral supplement nke nwaanyi kwesiri Inu tupu odi IME nakwa mgbe ona enye nwa ara. Onaghi enye Ihe Nile nke ezigbo nri n'enyee na ahu mana ona enye ha Ihe dimma na ahu nke ndi ulooru di iche iche choputara dika ndi American Dietetics Associatio'''n <ref>{{Cite web|title=Eating Right During Pregnancy|url=https://www.eatright.org/health/pregnancy/what-to-eat-when-expecting/eating-right-during-pregnancy|accessdate=2022-11-01|work=www.eatright.org|language=en}}</ref> nabatara dị ka ihe enyemaka maka nsonaazụ ime dị mma. O nwere ike ịbụ ihe kwesịrị ekwesị ịmalite ịṅụ vitamin tupu a mụọ nwa ozugbo nwanyị ahụ banyere n'afọ ịmụ nwa, Otú ọ dị, ọ bụrụ na mmadụ adịghị ime ma ọ bụ na-eme atụmatụ ịtụrụ ime, Ụlọ Ọgwụ Mayo <ref name="uptodate.com">{{Cite web|url=http://www.uptodate.com/contents/folic-acid-supplementation-in-pregnancy?source=machineLearning&search=prenatal%20vitamins&selectedTitle=5~49&sectionRank=4&anchor=H17|title=Folic acid supplementation in pregnancy|publisher=}}</ref> anaghị atụ aro ịṅụ ihe ndị a.<ref name="Mayo" /> Vitamin tupu amụọ nwa yiri nke multivitamins ndị ọzọ mana ha nwere ọnụọgụ dị iche iche nke ihe oriri iji kwekọọ na mkpa nke nne na-atụ anya.[3]<ref name="Mayo" /> == Nhazi == Vitamins na mineral ndị dị ka folic acid, calcium, <ref name="Mayo">{{Cite web|url=https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/nutrition-and-healthy-eating/expert-answers/prenatal-vitamins/faq-20057922|author=Katherine Zeratsky|title=Prenatal vitamins: OK for women who aren't pregnant?|accessdate=2023-03-06|work=MayoClinic.com}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFKatherine_Zeratsky">Katherine Zeratsky. [https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/nutrition-and-healthy-eating/expert-answers/prenatal-vitamins/faq-20057922 "Prenatal vitamins: OK for women who aren't pregnant?"]. ''MayoClinic.com''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-03-06</span></span>.</cite></ref> na iron <ref name="titleCompliance with prenatal vitamins">{{Cite journal|year=2006|author=Koren|first=G|title=Compliance with prenatal vitamins: Patients with morning sickness sometimes find it difficult|journal=Canadian Family Physician|volume=52|issue=11|pages=1392–1393|pmid=17279193}}</ref> dị n'ọ̀tụ̀tụ̀ dị elu, ebe a na-ebelata ihe oriri ndị dị ka vitamin A iji gosipụta nghọta dị ugbu a banyere ọrụ ndị a na-arụ na mmepe nwa. Mmụba nke folic acid <ref name="titlePrenatal catdog chicken face Vitamins">{{Cite web|url=http://www.clevelandclinic.org/health/health-info/docs/2800/2801.asp?index=9754|title=Prenatal Vitamins|format=|work=|accessdate=2008-01-01|archivedate=2002-12-20|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20021220040212/http://www.clevelandclinic.org/health/health-info/docs/2800/2801.asp?index=9754}}</ref> ma ọ bụ folates na-egosipụta ọnọdụ American Dietetic Associations na ụmụ nwanyị kwesịrị iri "400 μg kwa ụbọchị nke folic acid sitere na nri siri ike (ọka na ọka ndị ọzọ), mgbakwunye ma ọ bụ ha abụọ, na mgbakwunye na iri folate site na nri dịgasị iche iche. "Iwere oke folic acid kwesịrị ekwesị tupu ime ime nwere ike belata ma ọ bụ gbochie ihe na-eme na akwara akwara site na 70%.<ref name="Position of The American Dietetic Association: Nutrition and Lifestyle for a Healthy Pregnancy Outcome - American Dietetic Association">{{Cite journal|doi=10.1016/S0002-8223(02)90327-5|pmid=12396171|title=Position of the American Dietetic Association|journal=Journal of the American Dietetic Association|volume=102|issue=10|pages=1479–90|year=2002|author=Kaiser|first=Lucia Lynn}}</ref> Ntuziaka ịmalite folic acid tupu imewe na-akwado site na nyocha meta nke ọmụmụ 41, mana ọ bara uru mgbe imechara. <ref name="uptodate.com">{{Cite web|url=http://www.uptodate.com/contents/folic-acid-supplementation-in-pregnancy?source=machineLearning&search=prenatal%20vitamins&selectedTitle=5~49&sectionRank=4&anchor=H17|title=Folic acid supplementation in pregnancy|publisher=}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[http://www.uptodate.com/contents/folic-acid-supplementation-in-pregnancy?source=machineLearning&search=prenatal%20vitamins&selectedTitle=5~49&sectionRank=4&anchor=H17 "Folic acid supplementation in pregnancy"].</cite></ref>Ọtụtụ mgbe, vitamin tupu a mụọ nwa nwekwara obere vitamin nke nwere ike imerụ nwa e bu n'afọ mgbe a na-aṅụ ya n'ọtụtụ ọgwụ (dị ka vitamin A). <ref name="vitamins">{{Cite web|url=https://www.marchofdimes.org/pregnancy/vitamins-and-other-nutrients-during-pregnancy.aspx|title=Vitamins and other nutrients during pregnancy - March of Dimes|accessdate=2018-01-08|format=|work=}}</ref> Ọtụtụ ndị na-emepụta ihe tupu a mụọ nwa ahọrọla itinye Omega-3 fatty acid, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) na ngwaahịa ha, ma ọ bụ dị ka ihe dị na usoro ahụ ma ọ bụ dịka ihe na-agbakwunye softgel. Ọ bụ ezie na n'ụzọ doro anya n'ọtụtụ usoro iji kwado mmepe nke akwara, nne na nwa e bu n'afọ na-eji omega-3 fatty acids eme ihe iji mepụta phospholipid bilayer nke na-eme ka ọ bụrụ membranes nke mkpụrụ ndụ.<ref name="vitamins">{{Cite web|url=https://www.marchofdimes.org/pregnancy/vitamins-and-other-nutrients-during-pregnancy.aspx|title=Vitamins and other nutrients during pregnancy - March of Dimes|accessdate=2018-01-08|format=|work=}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://www.marchofdimes.org/pregnancy/vitamins-and-other-nutrients-during-pregnancy.aspx "Vitamins and other nutrients during pregnancy - March of Dimes"]<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-01-08</span></span>.</cite></ref> L-arginine nwere ihe akaebe na-egosi uru na ibelata Mgbochi uto intrauterine.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Chen|first=J|title=Effect of L-arginine and sildenafil citrate on intrauterine growth restriction fetuses: a meta-analysis.|journal=BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth|date=16 August 2016|volume=16|pages=225|doi=10.1186/s12884-016-1009-6|pmid=27528012}}</ref> == Mmetụta ndị ọzọ == Ọtụtụ ụmụ nwanyị na-esiri ha ike ịnagide vitamin tupu a mụọ nwa ma ọ bụ na-enwe afọ ọsịsa n'ihi oke iron.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Terrie|first=Yvette C.|date=June 21, 2018|title=Prenatal Vitamins: The Essential Building Blocks for Healthy Moms and Infants|url=https://www.pharmacytimes.com/view/prenatal-vitamins-the-essential-building-blocks-for-healthy-moms-and-infants|accessdate=November 7, 2002|work=Pharmacy Times}}</ref> N'ihi ihe ịma aka nke nnagide, ụlọ ọrụ vitamin tupu a mụọ nwa emeela ọtụtụ ụdị ọgwụ iji gboo mkpa na nnagide nke ndị nne na-atụ anya. Ụdị vitamin a na-ahụkarị tupu a mụọ nwa bụ ọgwụ mkpuchi nke dị site na ọwa niile na ọkwa dị iche iche. Ndị isi otu na-eji nke a dị ka ụdị ọgwụgwọ nke nhọrọ.   <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2013)">citation needed</span>]]''&#x5D;</sup> Òtù ndị ọzọ dị n'ime ụdị ahụ na-enye ngwaahịa n'ụdị ọgwụ dị iche iche dị ka mmiri, vitamin soft chews, vitamin chewables, na ọbụna jellied prenatal vitamin. == Ịdị adị == A na-enweta vitamin tupu a mụọ nwa ma na tebụl na ụlọ ahịa mkpọsa yana site na ọgwụgwọ sitere n'aka ndị ọkachamara ahụike. Ọ bụ ezie na a na-ejikarị mkpuchi ekpuchi vitamin ndị a na-edepụta edepụta edepụta, ikike dị n'etiti ngwaahịa ndị a na'edepụta edepụtara edepụta anaghị adị iche na ndị dị site na mkpọsa. Otú ọ dị, ọdịiche dị na ọgwụ na vitamin ndị na-ere ahịa dị na nkwekọrịta na ogo dị mma, yana ọnụọgụ nke ụfọdụ ihe ndị a kapịrị ọnụ. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, ọtụtụ vitamin pre-mụrụ nwa ga-enwe ụdị folate, 5-methyltetrahydrofolate (5-MTHF).  Mkpụrụ nke folic acid karịa 1 mg bụ naanị ọgwụ. &nbsp;Ọnụ ọgụgụ nke vitamin pre-natal ndị a chọrọ iji nweta ọgwụ a nwere ike ịnwe vitamin A dị ukwuu ma na-eduga na nsị nwa.<ref name="uptodate.com">{{Cite web|url=http://www.uptodate.com/contents/folic-acid-supplementation-in-pregnancy?source=machineLearning&search=prenatal%20vitamins&selectedTitle=5~49&sectionRank=4&anchor=H17|title=Folic acid supplementation in pregnancy|publisher=}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[http://www.uptodate.com/contents/folic-acid-supplementation-in-pregnancy?source=machineLearning&search=prenatal%20vitamins&selectedTitle=5~49&sectionRank=4&anchor=H17 "Folic acid supplementation in pregnancy"].</cite></ref> ljfbhnenf1foof8tvpdqxems9atlu3s 644328 644327 2026-05-30T21:34:22Z Sayvhior 13464 Fixed reference errors 644328 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Prenatal vitamins make amakwara dika prenatal supplement bu vitamin na mineral supplement nke nwaanyi kwesiri Inu tupu odi IME nakwa mgbe ona enye nwa ara. Onaghi enye Ihe Nile nke ezigbo nri n'enyee na ahu mana ona enye ha Ihe dimma na ahu nke ndi ulooru di iche iche choputara dika ndi American Dietetics Associatio'''n <ref>{{Cite web|title=Eating Right During Pregnancy|url=https://www.eatright.org/health/pregnancy/what-to-eat-when-expecting/eating-right-during-pregnancy|accessdate=2022-11-01|work=www.eatright.org|language=en}}</ref> nabatara dị ka ihe enyemaka maka nsonaazụ ime dị mma. O nwere ike ịbụ ihe kwesịrị ekwesị ịmalite ịṅụ vitamin tupu a mụọ nwa ozugbo nwanyị ahụ banyere n'afọ ịmụ nwa, Otú ọ dị, ọ bụrụ na mmadụ adịghị ime ma ọ bụ na-eme atụmatụ ịtụrụ ime, Ụlọ Ọgwụ Mayo <ref name="uptodate.com" />> anaghị atụ aro ịṅụ ihe ndị a.<ref name="Mayo" /> Vitamin tupu amụọ nwa yiri nke multivitamins ndị ọzọ mana ha nwere ọnụọgụ dị iche iche nke ihe oriri iji kwekọọ na mkpa nke nne na-atụ anya.[3]<ref name="Mayo" /> == Nhazi == Vitamins na mineral ndị dị ka folic acid, calcium, <ref name="Mayo">{{Cite web|url=https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/nutrition-and-healthy-eating/expert-answers/prenatal-vitamins/faq-20057922|author=Katherine Zeratsky|title=Prenatal vitamins: OK for women who aren't pregnant?|accessdate=2023-03-06|work=MayoClinic.com}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFKatherine_Zeratsky">Katherine Zeratsky. [https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/nutrition-and-healthy-eating/expert-answers/prenatal-vitamins/faq-20057922 "Prenatal vitamins: OK for women who aren't pregnant?"]. ''MayoClinic.com''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-03-06</span></span>.</cite></ref> na iron <ref name="titleCompliance with prenatal vitamins">{{Cite journal|year=2006|author=Koren|first=G|title=Compliance with prenatal vitamins: Patients with morning sickness sometimes find it difficult|journal=Canadian Family Physician|volume=52|issue=11|pages=1392–1393|pmid=17279193}}</ref> dị n'ọ̀tụ̀tụ̀ dị elu, ebe a na-ebelata ihe oriri ndị dị ka vitamin A iji gosipụta nghọta dị ugbu a banyere ọrụ ndị a na-arụ na mmepe nwa. Mmụba nke folic acid <ref name="titlePrenatal catdog chicken face Vitamins">{{Cite web|url=http://www.clevelandclinic.org/health/health-info/docs/2800/2801.asp?index=9754|title=Prenatal Vitamins|format=|work=|accessdate=2008-01-01|archivedate=2002-12-20|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20021220040212/http://www.clevelandclinic.org/health/health-info/docs/2800/2801.asp?index=9754}}</ref> ma ọ bụ folates na-egosipụta ọnọdụ American Dietetic Associations na ụmụ nwanyị kwesịrị iri "400 μg kwa ụbọchị nke folic acid sitere na nri siri ike (ọka na ọka ndị ọzọ), mgbakwunye ma ọ bụ ha abụọ, na mgbakwunye na iri folate site na nri dịgasị iche iche. "Iwere oke folic acid kwesịrị ekwesị tupu ime ime nwere ike belata ma ọ bụ gbochie ihe na-eme na akwara akwara site na 70%.<ref name="Position of The American Dietetic Association: Nutrition and Lifestyle for a Healthy Pregnancy Outcome - American Dietetic Association">{{Cite journal|doi=10.1016/S0002-8223(02)90327-5|pmid=12396171|title=Position of the American Dietetic Association|journal=Journal of the American Dietetic Association|volume=102|issue=10|pages=1479–90|year=2002|author=Kaiser|first=Lucia Lynn}}</ref> Ntuziaka ịmalite folic acid tupu imewe na-akwado site na nyocha meta nke ọmụmụ 41, mana ọ bara uru mgbe imechara. <ref name="uptodate.com">{{Cite web|url=http://www.uptodate.com/contents/folic-acid-supplementation-in-pregnancy?source=machineLearning&search=prenatal%20vitamins&selectedTitle=5~49&sectionRank=4&anchor=H17|title=Folic acid supplementation in pregnancy|publisher=}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[http://www.uptodate.com/contents/folic-acid-supplementation-in-pregnancy?source=machineLearning&search=prenatal%20vitamins&selectedTitle=5~49&sectionRank=4&anchor=H17 "Folic acid supplementation in pregnancy"].</cite></ref>Ọtụtụ mgbe, vitamin tupu a mụọ nwa nwekwara obere vitamin nke nwere ike imerụ nwa e bu n'afọ mgbe a na-aṅụ ya n'ọtụtụ ọgwụ (dị ka vitamin A). <ref name="vitamins">{{Cite web|url=https://www.marchofdimes.org/pregnancy/vitamins-and-other-nutrients-during-pregnancy.aspx|title=Vitamins and other nutrients during pregnancy - March of Dimes|accessdate=2018-01-08|format=|work=}}</ref> Ọtụtụ ndị na-emepụta ihe tupu a mụọ nwa ahọrọla itinye Omega-3 fatty acid, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) na ngwaahịa ha, ma ọ bụ dị ka ihe dị na usoro ahụ ma ọ bụ dịka ihe na-agbakwunye softgel. Ọ bụ ezie na n'ụzọ doro anya n'ọtụtụ usoro iji kwado mmepe nke akwara, nne na nwa e bu n'afọ na-eji omega-3 fatty acids eme ihe iji mepụta phospholipid bilayer nke na-eme ka ọ bụrụ membranes nke mkpụrụ ndụ.<ref name="vitamins">{{Cite web|url=https://www.marchofdimes.org/pregnancy/vitamins-and-other-nutrients-during-pregnancy.aspx|title=Vitamins and other nutrients during pregnancy - March of Dimes|accessdate=2018-01-08|format=|work=}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://www.marchofdimes.org/pregnancy/vitamins-and-other-nutrients-during-pregnancy.aspx "Vitamins and other nutrients during pregnancy - March of Dimes"]<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-01-08</span></span>.</cite></ref> L-arginine nwere ihe akaebe na-egosi uru na ibelata Mgbochi uto intrauterine.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Chen|first=J|title=Effect of L-arginine and sildenafil citrate on intrauterine growth restriction fetuses: a meta-analysis.|journal=BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth|date=16 August 2016|volume=16|pages=225|doi=10.1186/s12884-016-1009-6|pmid=27528012}}</ref> == Mmetụta ndị ọzọ == Ọtụtụ ụmụ nwanyị na-esiri ha ike ịnagide vitamin tupu a mụọ nwa ma ọ bụ na-enwe afọ ọsịsa n'ihi oke iron.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Terrie|first=Yvette C.|date=June 21, 2018|title=Prenatal Vitamins: The Essential Building Blocks for Healthy Moms and Infants|url=https://www.pharmacytimes.com/view/prenatal-vitamins-the-essential-building-blocks-for-healthy-moms-and-infants|accessdate=November 7, 2002|work=Pharmacy Times}}</ref> N'ihi ihe ịma aka nke nnagide, ụlọ ọrụ vitamin tupu a mụọ nwa emeela ọtụtụ ụdị ọgwụ iji gboo mkpa na nnagide nke ndị nne na-atụ anya. Ụdị vitamin a na-ahụkarị tupu a mụọ nwa bụ ọgwụ mkpuchi nke dị site na ọwa niile na ọkwa dị iche iche. Ndị isi otu na-eji nke a dị ka ụdị ọgwụgwọ nke nhọrọ.   <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2013)">citation needed</span>]]''&#x5D;</sup> Òtù ndị ọzọ dị n'ime ụdị ahụ na-enye ngwaahịa n'ụdị ọgwụ dị iche iche dị ka mmiri, vitamin soft chews, vitamin chewables, na ọbụna jellied prenatal vitamin. == Ịdị adị == A na-enweta vitamin tupu a mụọ nwa ma na tebụl na ụlọ ahịa mkpọsa yana site na ọgwụgwọ sitere n'aka ndị ọkachamara ahụike. Ọ bụ ezie na a na-ejikarị mkpuchi ekpuchi vitamin ndị a na-edepụta edepụta edepụta, ikike dị n'etiti ngwaahịa ndị a na'edepụta edepụtara edepụta anaghị adị iche na ndị dị site na mkpọsa. Otú ọ dị, ọdịiche dị na ọgwụ na vitamin ndị na-ere ahịa dị na nkwekọrịta na ogo dị mma, yana ọnụọgụ nke ụfọdụ ihe ndị a kapịrị ọnụ. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, ọtụtụ vitamin pre-mụrụ nwa ga-enwe ụdị folate, 5-methyltetrahydrofolate (5-MTHF).  Mkpụrụ nke folic acid karịa 1 mg bụ naanị ọgwụ. &nbsp;Ọnụ ọgụgụ nke vitamin pre-natal ndị a chọrọ iji nweta ọgwụ a nwere ike ịnwe vitamin A dị ukwuu ma na-eduga na nsị nwa.<ref name="uptodate.com">{{Cite web|url=http://www.uptodate.com/contents/folic-acid-supplementation-in-pregnancy?source=machineLearning&search=prenatal%20vitamins&selectedTitle=5~49&sectionRank=4&anchor=H17|title=Folic acid supplementation in pregnancy|publisher=}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[http://www.uptodate.com/contents/folic-acid-supplementation-in-pregnancy?source=machineLearning&search=prenatal%20vitamins&selectedTitle=5~49&sectionRank=4&anchor=H17 "Folic acid supplementation in pregnancy"].</cite></ref> rykgo3sk9kxkxp08ek2smuutbk8lir3 644329 644328 2026-05-30T21:35:10Z Sayvhior 13464 /* Nhazi */ 644329 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Prenatal vitamins make amakwara dika prenatal supplement bu vitamin na mineral supplement nke nwaanyi kwesiri Inu tupu odi IME nakwa mgbe ona enye nwa ara. Onaghi enye Ihe Nile nke ezigbo nri n'enyee na ahu mana ona enye ha Ihe dimma na ahu nke ndi ulooru di iche iche choputara dika ndi American Dietetics Associatio'''n <ref>{{Cite web|title=Eating Right During Pregnancy|url=https://www.eatright.org/health/pregnancy/what-to-eat-when-expecting/eating-right-during-pregnancy|accessdate=2022-11-01|work=www.eatright.org|language=en}}</ref> nabatara dị ka ihe enyemaka maka nsonaazụ ime dị mma. O nwere ike ịbụ ihe kwesịrị ekwesị ịmalite ịṅụ vitamin tupu a mụọ nwa ozugbo nwanyị ahụ banyere n'afọ ịmụ nwa, Otú ọ dị, ọ bụrụ na mmadụ adịghị ime ma ọ bụ na-eme atụmatụ ịtụrụ ime, Ụlọ Ọgwụ Mayo <ref name="uptodate.com" />> anaghị atụ aro ịṅụ ihe ndị a.<ref name="Mayo" /> Vitamin tupu amụọ nwa yiri nke multivitamins ndị ọzọ mana ha nwere ọnụọgụ dị iche iche nke ihe oriri iji kwekọọ na mkpa nke nne na-atụ anya.[3]<ref name="Mayo" /> == Nhazi == Vitamins na mineral ndị dị ka folic acid, calcium, <ref name="Mayo">{{Cite web|url=https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/nutrition-and-healthy-eating/expert-answers/prenatal-vitamins/faq-20057922|author=Katherine Zeratsky|title=Prenatal vitamins: OK for women who aren't pregnant?|accessdate=2023-03-06|work=MayoClinic.com}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFKatherine_Zeratsky">Katherine Zeratsky. [https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/nutrition-and-healthy-eating/expert-answers/prenatal-vitamins/faq-20057922 "Prenatal vitamins: OK for women who aren't pregnant?"]. ''MayoClinic.com''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-03-06</span></span>.</cite></ref> na iron <ref name="titleCompliance with prenatal vitamins">{{Cite journal|year=2006|author=Koren|first=G|title=Compliance with prenatal vitamins: Patients with morning sickness sometimes find it difficult|journal=Canadian Family Physician|volume=52|issue=11|pages=1392–1393|pmid=17279193}}</ref> dị n'ọ̀tụ̀tụ̀ dị elu, ebe a na-ebelata ihe oriri ndị dị ka vitamin A iji gosipụta nghọta dị ugbu a banyere ọrụ ndị a na-arụ na mmepe nwa. Mmụba nke folic acid <ref name="titlePrenatal catdog chicken face Vitamins">{{Cite web|url=http://www.clevelandclinic.org/health/health-info/docs/2800/2801.asp?index=9754|title=Prenatal Vitamins|format=|work=|accessdate=2008-01-01|archivedate=2002-12-20|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20021220040212/http://www.clevelandclinic.org/health/health-info/docs/2800/2801.asp?index=9754}}</ref> ma ọ bụ folates na-egosipụta ọnọdụ American Dietetic Associations na ụmụ nwanyị kwesịrị iri "400 μg kwa ụbọchị nke folic acid sitere na nri siri ike (ọka na ọka ndị ọzọ), mgbakwunye ma ọ bụ ha abụọ, na mgbakwunye na iri folate site na nri dịgasị iche iche. "Iwere oke folic acid kwesịrị ekwesị tupu ime ime nwere ike belata ma ọ bụ gbochie ihe na-eme na akwara akwara site na 70%.<ref name="Position of The American Dietetic Association: Nutrition and Lifestyle for a Healthy Pregnancy Outcome - American Dietetic Association">{{Cite journal|doi=10.1016/S0002-8223(02)90327-5|pmid=12396171|title=Position of the American Dietetic Association|journal=Journal of the American Dietetic Association|volume=102|issue=10|pages=1479–90|year=2002|author=Kaiser|first=Lucia Lynn}}</ref> Ntuziaka ịmalite folic acid tupu imewe na-akwado site na nyocha meta nke ọmụmụ 41, mana ọ bara uru mgbe imechara. <ref name="uptodate.com">{{Cite web|url=http://www.uptodate.com/contents/folic-acid-supplementation-in-pregnancy?source=machineLearning&search=prenatal%20vitamins&selectedTitle=5~49&sectionRank=4&anchor=H17|title=Folic acid supplementation in pregnancy|publisher=}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[http://www.uptodate.com/contents/folic-acid-supplementation-in-pregnancy?source=machineLearning&search=prenatal%20vitamins&selectedTitle=5~49&sectionRank=4&anchor=H17 "Folic acid supplementation in pregnancy"].</cite></ref>Ọtụtụ mgbe, vitamin tupu a mụọ nwa nwekwara obere vitamin nke nwere ike imerụ nwa e bu n'afọ mgbe a na-aṅụ ya n'ọtụtụ ọgwụ (dị ka vitamin A). <ref name="vitamins">{{Cite web|url=https://www.marchofdimes.org/pregnancy/vitamins-and-other-nutrients-during-pregnancy.aspx|title=Vitamins and other nutrients during pregnancy - March of Dimes|accessdate=2018-01-08|format=|work=}}</ref> Ọtụtụ ndị na-emepụta ihe tupu a mụọ nwa ahọrọla itinye Omega-3 fatty acid, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) na ngwaahịa ha, ma ọ bụ dị ka ihe dị na usoro ahụ ma ọ bụ dịka ihe na-agbakwunye softgel. Ọ bụ ezie na n'ụzọ doro anya n'ọtụtụ usoro iji kwado mmepe nke akwara, nne na nwa e bu n'afọ na-eji omega-3 fatty acids eme ihe iji mepụta phospholipid bilayer nke na-eme ka ọ bụrụ membranes nke mkpụrụ ndụ.<ref name="vitamins" /> L-arginine nwere ihe akaebe na-egosi uru na ibelata Mgbochi uto intrauterine.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Chen|first=J|title=Effect of L-arginine and sildenafil citrate on intrauterine growth restriction fetuses: a meta-analysis.|journal=BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth|date=16 August 2016|volume=16|pages=225|doi=10.1186/s12884-016-1009-6|pmid=27528012}}</ref> == Mmetụta ndị ọzọ == Ọtụtụ ụmụ nwanyị na-esiri ha ike ịnagide vitamin tupu a mụọ nwa ma ọ bụ na-enwe afọ ọsịsa n'ihi oke iron.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Terrie|first=Yvette C.|date=June 21, 2018|title=Prenatal Vitamins: The Essential Building Blocks for Healthy Moms and Infants|url=https://www.pharmacytimes.com/view/prenatal-vitamins-the-essential-building-blocks-for-healthy-moms-and-infants|accessdate=November 7, 2002|work=Pharmacy Times}}</ref> N'ihi ihe ịma aka nke nnagide, ụlọ ọrụ vitamin tupu a mụọ nwa emeela ọtụtụ ụdị ọgwụ iji gboo mkpa na nnagide nke ndị nne na-atụ anya. Ụdị vitamin a na-ahụkarị tupu a mụọ nwa bụ ọgwụ mkpuchi nke dị site na ọwa niile na ọkwa dị iche iche. Ndị isi otu na-eji nke a dị ka ụdị ọgwụgwọ nke nhọrọ.   <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2013)">citation needed</span>]]''&#x5D;</sup> Òtù ndị ọzọ dị n'ime ụdị ahụ na-enye ngwaahịa n'ụdị ọgwụ dị iche iche dị ka mmiri, vitamin soft chews, vitamin chewables, na ọbụna jellied prenatal vitamin. == Ịdị adị == A na-enweta vitamin tupu a mụọ nwa ma na tebụl na ụlọ ahịa mkpọsa yana site na ọgwụgwọ sitere n'aka ndị ọkachamara ahụike. Ọ bụ ezie na a na-ejikarị mkpuchi ekpuchi vitamin ndị a na-edepụta edepụta edepụta, ikike dị n'etiti ngwaahịa ndị a na'edepụta edepụtara edepụta anaghị adị iche na ndị dị site na mkpọsa. Otú ọ dị, ọdịiche dị na ọgwụ na vitamin ndị na-ere ahịa dị na nkwekọrịta na ogo dị mma, yana ọnụọgụ nke ụfọdụ ihe ndị a kapịrị ọnụ. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, ọtụtụ vitamin pre-mụrụ nwa ga-enwe ụdị folate, 5-methyltetrahydrofolate (5-MTHF).  Mkpụrụ nke folic acid karịa 1 mg bụ naanị ọgwụ. &nbsp;Ọnụ ọgụgụ nke vitamin pre-natal ndị a chọrọ iji nweta ọgwụ a nwere ike ịnwe vitamin A dị ukwuu ma na-eduga na nsị nwa.<ref name="uptodate.com">{{Cite web|url=http://www.uptodate.com/contents/folic-acid-supplementation-in-pregnancy?source=machineLearning&search=prenatal%20vitamins&selectedTitle=5~49&sectionRank=4&anchor=H17|title=Folic acid supplementation in pregnancy|publisher=}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[http://www.uptodate.com/contents/folic-acid-supplementation-in-pregnancy?source=machineLearning&search=prenatal%20vitamins&selectedTitle=5~49&sectionRank=4&anchor=H17 "Folic acid supplementation in pregnancy"].</cite></ref> cvnw2q76rjfiujiqbkz2jls8v5xw18d 644330 644329 2026-05-30T21:35:45Z Sayvhior 13464 /* Ịdị adị */ 644330 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Prenatal vitamins make amakwara dika prenatal supplement bu vitamin na mineral supplement nke nwaanyi kwesiri Inu tupu odi IME nakwa mgbe ona enye nwa ara. Onaghi enye Ihe Nile nke ezigbo nri n'enyee na ahu mana ona enye ha Ihe dimma na ahu nke ndi ulooru di iche iche choputara dika ndi American Dietetics Associatio'''n <ref>{{Cite web|title=Eating Right During Pregnancy|url=https://www.eatright.org/health/pregnancy/what-to-eat-when-expecting/eating-right-during-pregnancy|accessdate=2022-11-01|work=www.eatright.org|language=en}}</ref> nabatara dị ka ihe enyemaka maka nsonaazụ ime dị mma. O nwere ike ịbụ ihe kwesịrị ekwesị ịmalite ịṅụ vitamin tupu a mụọ nwa ozugbo nwanyị ahụ banyere n'afọ ịmụ nwa, Otú ọ dị, ọ bụrụ na mmadụ adịghị ime ma ọ bụ na-eme atụmatụ ịtụrụ ime, Ụlọ Ọgwụ Mayo <ref name="uptodate.com" />> anaghị atụ aro ịṅụ ihe ndị a.<ref name="Mayo" /> Vitamin tupu amụọ nwa yiri nke multivitamins ndị ọzọ mana ha nwere ọnụọgụ dị iche iche nke ihe oriri iji kwekọọ na mkpa nke nne na-atụ anya.[3]<ref name="Mayo" /> == Nhazi == Vitamins na mineral ndị dị ka folic acid, calcium, <ref name="Mayo">{{Cite web|url=https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/nutrition-and-healthy-eating/expert-answers/prenatal-vitamins/faq-20057922|author=Katherine Zeratsky|title=Prenatal vitamins: OK for women who aren't pregnant?|accessdate=2023-03-06|work=MayoClinic.com}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFKatherine_Zeratsky">Katherine Zeratsky. [https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/nutrition-and-healthy-eating/expert-answers/prenatal-vitamins/faq-20057922 "Prenatal vitamins: OK for women who aren't pregnant?"]. ''MayoClinic.com''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-03-06</span></span>.</cite></ref> na iron <ref name="titleCompliance with prenatal vitamins">{{Cite journal|year=2006|author=Koren|first=G|title=Compliance with prenatal vitamins: Patients with morning sickness sometimes find it difficult|journal=Canadian Family Physician|volume=52|issue=11|pages=1392–1393|pmid=17279193}}</ref> dị n'ọ̀tụ̀tụ̀ dị elu, ebe a na-ebelata ihe oriri ndị dị ka vitamin A iji gosipụta nghọta dị ugbu a banyere ọrụ ndị a na-arụ na mmepe nwa. Mmụba nke folic acid <ref name="titlePrenatal catdog chicken face Vitamins">{{Cite web|url=http://www.clevelandclinic.org/health/health-info/docs/2800/2801.asp?index=9754|title=Prenatal Vitamins|format=|work=|accessdate=2008-01-01|archivedate=2002-12-20|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20021220040212/http://www.clevelandclinic.org/health/health-info/docs/2800/2801.asp?index=9754}}</ref> ma ọ bụ folates na-egosipụta ọnọdụ American Dietetic Associations na ụmụ nwanyị kwesịrị iri "400 μg kwa ụbọchị nke folic acid sitere na nri siri ike (ọka na ọka ndị ọzọ), mgbakwunye ma ọ bụ ha abụọ, na mgbakwunye na iri folate site na nri dịgasị iche iche. "Iwere oke folic acid kwesịrị ekwesị tupu ime ime nwere ike belata ma ọ bụ gbochie ihe na-eme na akwara akwara site na 70%.<ref name="Position of The American Dietetic Association: Nutrition and Lifestyle for a Healthy Pregnancy Outcome - American Dietetic Association">{{Cite journal|doi=10.1016/S0002-8223(02)90327-5|pmid=12396171|title=Position of the American Dietetic Association|journal=Journal of the American Dietetic Association|volume=102|issue=10|pages=1479–90|year=2002|author=Kaiser|first=Lucia Lynn}}</ref> Ntuziaka ịmalite folic acid tupu imewe na-akwado site na nyocha meta nke ọmụmụ 41, mana ọ bara uru mgbe imechara. <ref name="uptodate.com">{{Cite web|url=http://www.uptodate.com/contents/folic-acid-supplementation-in-pregnancy?source=machineLearning&search=prenatal%20vitamins&selectedTitle=5~49&sectionRank=4&anchor=H17|title=Folic acid supplementation in pregnancy|publisher=}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[http://www.uptodate.com/contents/folic-acid-supplementation-in-pregnancy?source=machineLearning&search=prenatal%20vitamins&selectedTitle=5~49&sectionRank=4&anchor=H17 "Folic acid supplementation in pregnancy"].</cite></ref>Ọtụtụ mgbe, vitamin tupu a mụọ nwa nwekwara obere vitamin nke nwere ike imerụ nwa e bu n'afọ mgbe a na-aṅụ ya n'ọtụtụ ọgwụ (dị ka vitamin A). <ref name="vitamins">{{Cite web|url=https://www.marchofdimes.org/pregnancy/vitamins-and-other-nutrients-during-pregnancy.aspx|title=Vitamins and other nutrients during pregnancy - March of Dimes|accessdate=2018-01-08|format=|work=}}</ref> Ọtụtụ ndị na-emepụta ihe tupu a mụọ nwa ahọrọla itinye Omega-3 fatty acid, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) na ngwaahịa ha, ma ọ bụ dị ka ihe dị na usoro ahụ ma ọ bụ dịka ihe na-agbakwunye softgel. Ọ bụ ezie na n'ụzọ doro anya n'ọtụtụ usoro iji kwado mmepe nke akwara, nne na nwa e bu n'afọ na-eji omega-3 fatty acids eme ihe iji mepụta phospholipid bilayer nke na-eme ka ọ bụrụ membranes nke mkpụrụ ndụ.<ref name="vitamins" /> L-arginine nwere ihe akaebe na-egosi uru na ibelata Mgbochi uto intrauterine.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Chen|first=J|title=Effect of L-arginine and sildenafil citrate on intrauterine growth restriction fetuses: a meta-analysis.|journal=BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth|date=16 August 2016|volume=16|pages=225|doi=10.1186/s12884-016-1009-6|pmid=27528012}}</ref> == Mmetụta ndị ọzọ == Ọtụtụ ụmụ nwanyị na-esiri ha ike ịnagide vitamin tupu a mụọ nwa ma ọ bụ na-enwe afọ ọsịsa n'ihi oke iron.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Terrie|first=Yvette C.|date=June 21, 2018|title=Prenatal Vitamins: The Essential Building Blocks for Healthy Moms and Infants|url=https://www.pharmacytimes.com/view/prenatal-vitamins-the-essential-building-blocks-for-healthy-moms-and-infants|accessdate=November 7, 2002|work=Pharmacy Times}}</ref> N'ihi ihe ịma aka nke nnagide, ụlọ ọrụ vitamin tupu a mụọ nwa emeela ọtụtụ ụdị ọgwụ iji gboo mkpa na nnagide nke ndị nne na-atụ anya. Ụdị vitamin a na-ahụkarị tupu a mụọ nwa bụ ọgwụ mkpuchi nke dị site na ọwa niile na ọkwa dị iche iche. Ndị isi otu na-eji nke a dị ka ụdị ọgwụgwọ nke nhọrọ.   <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2013)">citation needed</span>]]''&#x5D;</sup> Òtù ndị ọzọ dị n'ime ụdị ahụ na-enye ngwaahịa n'ụdị ọgwụ dị iche iche dị ka mmiri, vitamin soft chews, vitamin chewables, na ọbụna jellied prenatal vitamin. == Ịdị adị == A na-enweta vitamin tupu a mụọ nwa ma na tebụl na ụlọ ahịa mkpọsa yana site na ọgwụgwọ sitere n'aka ndị ọkachamara ahụike. Ọ bụ ezie na a na-ejikarị mkpuchi ekpuchi vitamin ndị a na-edepụta edepụta edepụta, ikike dị n'etiti ngwaahịa ndị a na'edepụta edepụtara edepụta anaghị adị iche na ndị dị site na mkpọsa. Otú ọ dị, ọdịiche dị na ọgwụ na vitamin ndị na-ere ahịa dị na nkwekọrịta na ogo dị mma, yana ọnụọgụ nke ụfọdụ ihe ndị a kapịrị ọnụ. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, ọtụtụ vitamin pre-mụrụ nwa ga-enwe ụdị folate, 5-methyltetrahydrofolate (5-MTHF).  Mkpụrụ nke folic acid karịa 1 mg bụ naanị ọgwụ. &nbsp;Ọnụ ọgụgụ nke vitamin pre-natal ndị a chọrọ iji nweta ọgwụ a nwere ike ịnwe vitamin A dị ukwuu ma na-eduga na nsị nwa.<ref name="uptodate.com">{{Cite web|url=http://www.uptodate.com/contents/folic-acid-supplementation-in-pregnancy?source=machineLearning&search=prenatal%20vitamins&selectedTitle=5~49&sectionRank=4&anchor=H17|title=Folic acid supplementation in pregnancy|publisher=}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[http://www.uptodate.com/contents/folic-acid-supplementation-in-pregnancy?source=machineLearning&search=prenatal%20vitamins&selectedTitle=5~49&sectionRank=4&anchor=H17 "Folic acid supplementation in pregnancy"].</cite></ref> ==Edensibia== {{Reflist}} 9hsouezcg4oa9licy8cubskcrkr2zec 0 44885 644248 208147 2026-05-30T19:48:26Z Wikipedian12512(alt) 61413 ce 644248 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|image=|caption=}} .Amy Nimr (1898–1974), mbipụta dị ka Amy Smart, bụ onye omenkà amuru Egypt, odee na onye Nkwado nka.  A mara ya maka ibu ya na ndị otu Art na akwụkwọ onwe nke Cairo == Ndụ mmalite na agụmakwụkwọ == Amy Nimr mụrụ na Cairo site n'ezinụlọ klaasị. Ndekọ ọmụmụ ọmụmụ ya na-ekwu na a mụrụ ya na 1907 mana ọtụtụ kwenyere na ọ ga-abụ na a mụrụ ya na 9 August 1898. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Amy Nimr|url=https://awarewomenartists.com/en/artiste/amy-nimr/|work=AWARE Women artists / Femmes artistes|accessdate=2020-04-30}}</ref> . Ọ bụ ezie na ọ bụ onye Ijipt na mba, nne Nimr, Ellen Eynaud, bụ onye Britain, French na Austrian na nna ya, Faris Nimr, bụ onye Lebanọn-Syrian. Nna ya bụkwa onye ama ama "media mogul" onye, na 1879 ya na onye ya na ya na-emekọ ihe, tọrọ ntọala sayensị na akwụkwọ akụkọ ''al-Muqataf.'' Mgbe e mesịrị na 1889, mgbe ha si Beirut kwaga Ijipt, ha tọrọ ntọala akwụkwọ akụkọ mgbede ''al-Muqattam.'' <ref>{{Cite journal|year=1952|title=Obituary|journal=Journal of the Royal Central Asian Society|language=en|volume=39|issue=2|pages=167–170|doi=10.1080/03068375208731440|issn=0035-8789}}</ref> N'ịbụ onye tolitere, Nimr nwetara agụmakwụkwọ ka ukwuu n'Ebe Ọdịda Anyanwụ. Ọ nọrọ oge ya n'etiti Egypt, [[France]] na England. Ọ gara Cheltenham Ladies' College wee mesịa gaa ụlọ akwụkwọ Slade nke Fine Art na [[London]] site na 1916 ruo 1920. <ref name=":0" /> Ọ bụkwa nwa akwụkwọ na ogbako ihe osise Walter Sickert nke post-impressionist. == Ọrụ nka == Na Europe, ọrụ nka Nimr akụkọ.  Ota na mbụ na Paris na Salon d'Automne nke 1925 wee nwee ihe ngosi nke mbụ ya na Bernheim-Jeune Gallery otu afọ ka e gosiri na 1926. [1] Ọtụtụ ihe ngosi na eze na Salon du Caire na-amalite na 1926.  ngosi 1930s akwụkwọ aha ya na Egypt.  A na-ekwu na ọrụ ya dọtara uche nke onye na-ese ihe Mahmoud Sa'id, otu n'ime ndị a ma ama nke nkà ọgbara ọhụrụ nke Ijipt, na Jean Moscatelli, otu n'ime ndị LED Art na Liberty Group.  N'otu aka ahụ, onye edemede Ahmed Rassim (nakwa nwa nwanne Mahmoud Sa'id) dere obere akwụkwọ gbasara ya.  [1] N'agbata afọ 1930 na 1935 ọ pụtara na Warren Gallery na London, Vignon Gallery na Paris na Kasr al-Doubarah Gallery na Cairo.  Ọ bụ na Europe ebe ọ mara mata surrealism ma igodo ya na ihe ngosi surrealist n' ndị nlele nka dị ka Barbara Hepworth na Robert Medley .  [1] Mgbe ọ la nwude n'Ijipt na 1930s, ọ sonyeere ndị otu surrealist Art na akwụkwọ onwe wee lụ Walter Smart, "onye isi Britain dị elu na onye ọkà mmụta Arabic na Persian a ma ama."  [2] Ya na di ya ọrụ dị mkpa na akụkụ nke mmemme Art na Liberty.  Ha meghere ụlọ ha na Zamalek nye ndị otu Art na Liberty, na-ewebata ha na "usoro usoro isi nke sitere na gburugburu Henry Miller na Villa Seurat" nke ọ mara mgbe ọ bi na Paris wee nrụpụta n'otu n'ime ụlọ ọrụ  ha.  [2] Ọ kwadokwara ụlọ ịsa ahụ n'iche ya maka ndị na-ese ihe ngosi ọrụ ma nyere ọtụtụ n'ime ha aka n'ụzọ ego site n'inye ọrụ ha. <ref name=":1">{{Cite book|author=Bardaouil|first=Sam|title=Art et Liberté: Rupture, War and Surrealism in Egypt (1938-1948)|publisher=Éditions Skira Paris|year=2016|isbn=978-2370740311|pages=29, 218}}</ref> .Ihe osise mbụ ya (tupu Art na akwụkwọ onwe) pịa nke nke ndị nsogbu Egypt mgbe ọ na-eji usoro ọdịnala Europe dị ka chiaroscuro.  Ọtụtụ n'ime ihe mbụ nke mbụ ya nwere foto Nubians, Bedouins site na mgbe ọ gara Egypt Upper na ihe ndị ọrụ gba ɔtɔ nke ụmụ jir si Nubia, Sudan, na Sub-Saharan Africa.  [1] Ɔ na-esekwa ndụ ndụ, ihe nkiri nkiri na ihe oyiyi nke obodo ndị Juu nke Ijipt.  [2] Ụdị ya ga-agbanwe n'etiti 1940s mgbe, na 1943, ọ nwere ike dị egwu.  Mgbe ya na nwa ya bụ Micky nọ na-eme egwuregwu n'ebe Saqqara, ogbunigwe gburugburu nwa ya nwoke.  O were ezumike na ike mana mgbe ọ la ike na ya, ike ya ozu, ọkpụkpụ, ozu ndị mebiri emebi.  Ma, anya anya, nke a bụ nzaghachi nye nsogbu nke Agha nke ọgụ ọgụ nakwa ime ihe ike ndị Briten na-achị na Ijipt. N'etiti 1940s, o sere ọrụ ndị a dị oke nri na ndị na-eme onwe ha na Exposition de l'Art Indépendant nke ikike otuto dị ukwuu.  [3] Na 1945, o dere akwụkwọ nkatọ na Alexandria a akwụkwọ Greek poet, Constantine Cavafy maka surrealist agha poetry journal aha ya bụ Personal Landscape akwụkwọ site na onye edemede Lawrence Durrell na Robin Fedden, onye prọfesọ Bekee na Mahadum Cairo .  Ọ bụ naanị ya bụ onye Egypt nyefere aka na akwụkwọ ahụ Mgbe iwu nke Egypt na 1952 (nke a dị ka Free Officers Movement), Suez Crisis na 1956 na ịrị elu nke mba Egypt, Nimr na di ya, dị ka ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ Art na Liberty òtù, manyere ụgwọ Egypt.  Ha biri na Paris ebe ọ ga-anọru ndụ ya niile.  N'afọ ndị 1950, dị ka onye otu ya na Art na Liberty Ramses Younan, ọrụ Nimr ozi ihe.  [1] "E mere ngosi ngosi ikpeazụ ya mara na Galerie de Marignan na Paris na 1961."  [1] Na 24 Jenụwarị 1974, ọ nwụrụ na Paris. == Ntụaka == <references /> fcnm2upvtoaghzwg9h37cfvo11nvg5q 0 44946 644071 213019 2026-05-30T15:13:47Z Neme244 16387 added DEFAULTSORT 644071 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|image=|name=Emma Miloyo|image_size=|caption=|birth_date={{Birth year and age|1981}}|birth_place=[[Nairobi]], [[Kenya]]|death_date=|death_place=|alma_mater=[[Jomo Kenyatta University]]|occupation=[[Architect]], [[corporate executive]]|years_active=2007 – present|nationality=Kenyan|citizenship=|known_for=|networth=|title=President of the [[Architectural Association of Kenya]]|spouse=Chris Naicca|term=March 2017 - present}} {{Databox}}'''Emma Miloyo''' bụ onye na-ese ụkpụrụ ụlọ [[Kenya]], bụ onye akọwara, na 2017, ka ọ bụrụ nwanyị mbụ onye isi oche nke Architectural Association of Kenya. <ref name="1R">{{Cite web|url=https://www.buyrentkenya.com/news/emma-miloyo-kenyas-first-female-architect/|title=Meet Emma Miloyo: Kenya’s First Female Architect|work=BuyRentKenya.com|date=15 September 2017|author=BuyRentKenya|accessdate=16 February 2017}}</ref> Ọ na-eje ozi dị ka nwanyị mbụ onye isi oche nke Architectural Association of Kenya kemgbe 2017. <ref name="2R">{{Cite web|url=https://www.efworld.org/our-programs/international/emma-miloyo|title=About Emma Miloyo|accessdate=6 October 2018|publisher=Eisenhower Fellowships|date=6 October 2018|author=Eisenhower Fellowships|archivedate=20 August 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180820172649/https://www.efworld.org/our-programs/international/emma-miloyo}}</ref> N'October 2016, ''Archinect.com'' depụtara ya n'etiti '''ụmụ nwanyị ise na-emepe emepe nke East Africa''', na mba Africa Great Lakes mpaghara. <ref name="3R"/> == Ndụ mmalite na agụmakwụkwọ == A mụrụ ya ma zụlite ya na Nairobi, Kenya. <ref name="4R"/>Maka ụlọ akwụkwọ praịmarị ọ gara Loreto Convent Msongari tupu ọ gafere na Kenya High School site na 1995-1998. Ọ gụrụ ụkpụrụ ụlọ na Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, wee gụchaa nzere bachelọ nke Architecture na 2006. <ref name="4R" /> <ref name="5R"/> Ọ bụghị naanị na ọ bụ nwanyị mbụ gụchara akwụkwọ na Mahadum Agriculture na Teknụzụ nke Jomo Kenyatta wee nweta akara ugo mmụta nsọpụrụ nke mbụ n'ihe gbasara ụlọ, kama ọ gara n'ihu wee bụrụ onye isi nwanyị mbụ nke otu Architectural Association of Kenya. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Agweyu|first=Damaris|title=Emma Miloyo on Changing the World One Action at a Time|url=https://www.qazini.com/interview/emma-miloyo-on-changing-the-world-one-action-at-a-time/|work=Qazini|accessdate=October 23, 2018|archivedate=5 November 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211105194929/https://www.qazini.com/interview/emma-miloyo-on-changing-the-world-one-action-at-a-time/}}</ref> == Ọrụ == Dị ka Ọktoba 2018, Miloyo bụ onye mmekọ na ụlọ ọrụ ụkpụrụ ụlọ Design Source, bụ nke o mebere na Jenụwarị 2007, ozugbo ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na mahadum. Ụlọ ọrụ ahụ nwere ọfịs na Nairobi na Mombasa . <ref name="4R">{{Cite web|url=https://www.buyrentkenya.com/news/emma-miloyo-kenyas-first-female-architect/|title=Meet Emma Miloyo: Kenya’s First Female Architect|accessdate=6 October 2018|date=15 September 2017|publisher=Buyrentkenya.com|author=Buy Rent Kenya}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFBuy_Rent_Kenya2017">Buy Rent Kenya (15 September 2017). [https://www.buyrentkenya.com/news/emma-miloyo-kenyas-first-female-architect/ "Meet Emma Miloyo: Kenya's First Female Architect"]. Nairobi: Buyrentkenya.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 October</span> 2018</span>.</cite></ref> <ref name="5R">{{Cite web|url=https://www.linkedin.com/in/emma-miloyo-52315b4/|title=Emma Miloyo: President at The Architectural Association of Kenya|accessdate=6 October 2018|date=6 October 2018|publisher=[[Linkedin.com]]|first=Emma|author=Miloyo}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFMiloyo2018">Miloyo, Emma (6 October 2018). [https://www.linkedin.com/in/emma-miloyo-52315b4/ "Emma Miloyo: President at The Architectural Association of Kenya"]. [[Linkedin.com]]<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 October</span> 2018</span>.</cite></ref> Ọ bụ onye otu ntọala kọmiti nke Konza Technology City Board. <ref name="6R">{{Cite web|date=14 January 2013|url=https://www.businessdailyafrica.com/Corporate-News/Poghisio-appoints-Konza-City-board-members/-/539550/1665906/-/10mn297/-/index.html|title=Poghisio appoints Konza City board members|accessdate=6 October 2018|author=Okuttah|first=Mark}}</ref> Na 2015, a họpụtara Miloyo ka ọ sonye na 2nd Women's Leadership Programme Eisenhower Fellows . <ref>{{Cite web|date=13 May 2015|title=Eisenhower Fellowships announces 2015 Women's Leadership Program Fellows|url=https://www.efworld.org/news/news-in-depth/eisenhower-fellowships-announces-2015-women-s-leadership-program-fellows|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200723172408/https://www.efworld.org/news/news-in-depth/eisenhower-fellowships-announces-2015-women-s-leadership-program-fellows#.XxnHvnbP32c|archivedate=23 July 2020|accessdate=29 April 2024|work=Eisenhower Fellowships}}</ref> Na June 2015, a họpụtara ya dị ka osote onye isi oche nke Architectural Association of Kenya, na-eje ozi na ikike ahụ ruo February 2017. <ref name="3R">{{Cite web|publisher=Archinect.com|author=Hannah Wood|url=https://archinect.com/features/article/150164665/the-emerging-female-architects-of-east-africa|title=The Emerging Female Architects of East Africa|date=16 October 2019|accessdate=15 February 2020}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFHannah_Wood2019">Hannah Wood (16 October 2019). [https://archinect.com/features/article/150164665/the-emerging-female-architects-of-east-africa "The Emerging Female Architects of East Africa"]. Los Angeles, California, United States: Archinect.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 February</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> <ref name="5R">{{Cite web|url=https://www.linkedin.com/in/emma-miloyo-52315b4/|title=Emma Miloyo: President at The Architectural Association of Kenya|accessdate=6 October 2018|date=6 October 2018|publisher=[[Linkedin.com]]|first=Emma|author=Miloyo}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFMiloyo2018">Miloyo, Emma (6 October 2018). [https://www.linkedin.com/in/emma-miloyo-52315b4/ "Emma Miloyo: President at The Architectural Association of Kenya"]. [[Linkedin.com]]<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 October</span> 2018</span>.</cite></ref> Ọ ghọrọ nwanyị mbụ onye isi oche nke Architectural Association of Kenya na Maachị 2017. <ref name="4R">{{Cite web|url=https://www.buyrentkenya.com/news/emma-miloyo-kenyas-first-female-architect/|title=Meet Emma Miloyo: Kenya’s First Female Architect|accessdate=6 October 2018|date=15 September 2017|publisher=Buyrentkenya.com|author=Buy Rent Kenya}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFBuy_Rent_Kenya2017">Buy Rent Kenya (15 September 2017). [https://www.buyrentkenya.com/news/emma-miloyo-kenyas-first-female-architect/ "Meet Emma Miloyo: Kenya's First Female Architect"]. Nairobi: Buyrentkenya.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 October</span> 2018</span>.</cite></ref> <ref name="5R" /> Ọ nwere mmasị n'ịgba ụmụ agbọghọ na-eto eto ịhụ ihe owuwu ụlọ dịka nhọrọ ọrụ ga-ekwe omume. Iji kwado ndị na-eto eto, ọ na-ewepụta oge ya iji nyere ụmụ agbọghọ nọ na ịda ogbenye aka ịga ụlọ akwụkwọ site na Ex-Bomarian Education Trust Fund na ọ bụ onye na-ahụ maka Board nke WIRE (Women in Real Estate). <ref name="7R">{{Cite web|url=https://www.nation.co.ke/lifestyle/mynetwork/PERSONALITY-OF-THE-WEEK--Emma-Miloyo/3141096-4004054-y34br7z/index.html|title=Mentorship will take you places...|accessdate=6 October 2018|date=7 July 2017|first=James|author=Kahongeh}}</ref> == Hụkwa == * Topyster Muga * Esther Muchemi * [[Wawira Njiru|Anne Wawira Njiru]] == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == {{DEFAULTSORT:Miloyo, Emma}}  [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] bi46wn9is49y4eszppyau9y59yd5bdt 0 45033 644301 167250 2026-05-30T20:39:26Z Sylvaline39 15355 fixed reference error 644301 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Usòrò:Kongo_Cushion_Cover.jpg|thumb| Cover Cover, sitere na nchịkọta nke Ethnographic Museum, Stockholm]] N'alaeze Kongo na ndị vassals ya ( Loango, Kakongo, Ngoyo ), nka ndị a kpara akpa bụ ihe ụzọ nke iche na ndị isi.  Filament na-ahụ ahụkebe nke e wepụrụ n'osisi nkwụ nke raffia bụ ntọala nke nka nka Kongo.  Ihe a na-amanye ihe ozi ndị e meri iji ụdị textile dị iche iche na nke mara mma.  akwa Raffia (otu : Lubongo, Libongo, otutu : Mbongo ; A na-akpọkwa Mpusu ) dị ka ego. <ref> Phyllis M. Martin, ''Power, Cloth and Currency on the Loango Coast'', University of Wisconsin Press, 1986</ref> <ref> Alain Anselin, ''Résistances africaines sur la Côte d'Angola au XVIIIe siècle'', Présence Africaine, 2006</ref> <ref> M. Yandesa Mavuzi, ''Histoire et numismatique des monnaies du Congo du XVe siècle à nos jours'' ou ''Les monnaies du Congo - L’histoire et la numismatique'', Weyrich Edition, 2015</ref> == Chief of nobleman's cap, ''Mpu'' ma ọ bụ ''Ngunda'' == [[Usòrò:Brooklyn_Museum_22.1610_Hat_Mpu.jpg|thumb| Mpu, sitere na mkpokọta ihe ngosi nka nke Brooklyn]] [[Usòrò:Chief's_hat,_woven_fiber_-_Kongo_-_Royal_Museum_for_Central_Africa_-_DSC05793.JPG|thumb| Mpu, sitere na mkpokọta Koninklijk Museum voor Midden-Afrika]] <ref name="Moraga 2011">{{Cite book|author=Moraga|first=Vanessa Drake|title=Weaving abstraction : Kuba textiles and the woven art of Central Africa|year=2011|publisher=Textile Museum|location=Washington, D.C.|isbn=9780874050363}}</ref>Mpu ahụ bụ okpu raffia ọla edo ma ọ bụ painiapulu nwere eriri na-acha uhie na dị mkpa nke ihe akara nke onye isi, nke gụ  , mgbịrị abụọ, na stool. Maka Kongo, Mbundu, na mmekọ ndị mmadụ nọ n'ebe ugwu Angola, mpu ikike ịgba na onye a na-amụ n'ọkwa nke onye ndu dị nsso.  [1] Moraga na-ede na "ọ bụkwa akara ngosi dị ike nke na-akpata onye isi ( mfumu ), òtù ndị ikwu, na obodo ahụ gaa n'ebe ihe ifo si yana otu mpaghara mpaghara ( nsi )." <ref name="Moraga 2011" /> <ref name="Volavka 1988">{{Cite book|author=Volavka|first=Zdenka|title=Crown and Ritual: The Royal Insignia of Ngoyo|year=1988|publisher=University of Toronto Press, Scholarly Publishing Division|location=Toronto|editor=Wendy A. Thomas}}</ref> Enwere ọtụtụ ụdị okpu ''mpu'' . ''Ngunda'' (nke sitere na mgbọrọgwụ ''ngu'', nke pụtara nne) bụ ụdị domed na-enweghị nhazi nke a na-eji ụkpụrụ enyemaka dị elu chọọ ya mma nke a na-enye ndị isi ọhụrụ n'oge ememe ego. ''Ngola'' bụ okpu ogologo, conical nke ndị isi kacha elu nke mpaghara Kongo na-eyi. A na-ewu ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ mkpuchi niile n'ụdị okirikiri, na-arụ ọrụ site na etiti okpueze ruo na nsọtụ nke okpu. <ref name="Arnoldi and Kreamer">{{Cite book|title=Crowning achievements : African arts of dressing the head|year=2002|publisher=University of Washington Press|location=Seattle, Wash.|isbn=0930741439|editor=Mary Jo Arnoldi and Christine Mullen Kreamer}}</ref> E mere Mpu iji kpuchie elu isi adịghị ike n'ụzọ ime mmụọ. Ndị Kongo na-eji okwu ''nzita'' kwupụta nkwenye ha na ntutu na-eto n'ụdị okirikiri na ebe a. Dị ka Moraga si kwuo, "A na-eji eriri na-agbagharị agbagharị ma ọ bụ ihe na-emepe emepe arụ ọrụ nke dị iche na nhazi geometric dị n'akụkụ - dị ka a ga-asị na ọ na-eṅomi ntutu isi mgbe ọ na-emesi nchebe pụrụ iche nke uwe isi na-enye." <ref name="Moraga 2011"/> == ''Kinzembe'' onye isi == <ref>{{Cite journal|author=Cited in Gibson|first=Gordon|title=High Status Caps of the Kongo and Mbundu Peoples|journal=The Textile Museum Journal|year=1977|volume=IV|issue=4}}</ref>Kinzemba bụ uwe akwa na-akpa nke eriri raffia mee.  Kinzembe bụ ihe iche n'etiti uwe emume Central Africa maka inwe usoro ihe a na-agba n'oge dị ọtụtụ apụ na n'ihi na ihe ike ike ya na onye ihe mere eme.  Antonio Manuel bụ onye isi anya Kongo na Vatican nke ọnwụ na 1608, obere oge ka ọ bịarutere Rome .  [1] A na-ele anya ya na-eyi Kinzembe (nke a na-akpọ nkutu na Kongo) na mmemme nke Pope nyere mgbe Antonio Manuel nwụsịrị.  [2] Na 1688 na Angola, onye mgbasa Capuchin Girolamo Merolla dekọrọ ndị na-esonụ Kinzembe : "Ndị isi nwere ụdị uwe ejiji n'ubu ha, nke na-erute n'efu ha, nke a na-achọsi ike na-  arụ ọrụ,ama aka ha na-iche na oghere abụọ, na na-ejedebe n'okirikiri abụọ nke gbadoro ụkwụ n'ahụ aka nri ha nwere eriri ihe, nke na-ada n'ala." == Nkata == [[Usòrò:Brooklyn_Museum_00.74a-b_Large_Round_Basket_with_Cover.jpg|thumb| Nnukwu nkata gburugburu na mkpuchi, site na nchịkọta nke Brooklyn Museum]] [[Usòrò:Lidded_nesting_basket_of_woven_grass_fiber,_no.2,_Vili_peoples,_Longo_Bonda,_Loango_coast,_Gabon,_late_19th_century_-_Cincinnati_Art_Museum_-_DSC04269.JPG|thumb| Nnukwu nkata okirikiri nwere mkpuchi, site na nchịkọta nke Cincinnati Art Museum.]] nkata Kongo bụ ngosipụta nke ugwu na akụnụba. E nyere ha onyinye dị ka onyinye nye ndị ama ama na ndị mba ọzọ yana ndị ọgaranya na ndị ama ama. nkata ndị a na-enwekarị ihe ùgwù ndị a na-enye eze. <ref>{{Cite book|author=Thompson|first=Robert Farris|title=The four moments of the sun : Kongo art in two worlds. National Gallery of Art, Washington|year=1981|publisher=The Gallery|location=Washington, D.C.|isbn=089468003X}}</ref> nkata pụrụ iche pụtakwara nke ọma na mmemme na nkwenye nke ndị Kongo. A na-eji akụkụ raffia a haziri nke ọma kpụọ nkata Kongo n'elu osisi ma ọ bụ ogbugbo siri ike nke dị n'ime. Nhazi siri ike nke nkata nke zigzags, diamonds, na chevrons na-ebilite site na twill ma ọ bụ usoro plaiting na-eji eriri raffia nwụrụ anwụ ma ọ bụ eke. Ha ghọrọ usoro dị mkpa n'ọdịnala, nke a sụgharịrị n'ime mgbasa ozi ndị ọzọ, dị ka terracottas olili ozu. <ref name="Moraga 2011"/> E jikwa eriri ahịhịa mee nkata. == Yiri na akwa Kuba == <ref name="Moraga 2011"/>Ọ bụ ebe na oge na-acha ala kewapụrụ, ọtụtụ myirịta dị n'etiti omenala textile Kongo na Kuba .  Ma nka Kongo na Kuba toro n'usoro n'usoro ụlọ ikpe, na obodo ọ llala nyere nka emume, ihe mma na ire nke ukwuu uru.  Ha na- eriri eriri raffia eme ihe dị ka ntọala nke nka ahụ akwa ha.  Kongo na Kuba na-eke mmetụtakwa ọtụtụ geometric, akara dị nss, akara ngosi ihe atụ, na ụdị akwa na akwa akwa, yana usoro nke ihe. == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} tap1pn2pfna8rv19ynfvrj3biwo1pod 0 45071 644141 177488 2026-05-30T17:37:22Z Chigozirim2005 19722 Fixed reference error 644141 wikitext text/x-wiki  [[File:Asantehe Visits Museum of African Art (cropped).jpg|thumb|Sharon Patton]] Sharon F. Patton ( opera 1944) bụ onye kookoo ihe mere eme America bụ ihe na nka Africa == Ndụ mmalite na agụmakwụkwọ == Akwụkwọ akwụkwọ na ndị Chicago na 1944, ebe ọ a akara akara akara bachelor na 1966 na Mahadum Roosevelt .   Patton gara Mahadum Illinois na Champaign-Urbana ebe o akara akara ugo akara nna ya ukwu awụ atọ ka e isi.   N'otu afọ ahụ, ọ na-enye nwa akwụkwọ na Mahadum Chicago na 1980, ikike Ph.D.   na ihe mere eme nke nka Africa na Mahadum Northwwest <ref name="oberlin">{{Cite web|url=http://www.oberlin.edu/archive/holdings/finding/RG30/SG361/biography.html|title=Sharon F. Patton (1944-)|publisher=Oberlin College|accessdate=December 4, 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131223214804/https://www2.oberlin.edu/archive/holdings/finding/RG30/SG361/biography.html|archivedate=December 23, 2013}}</ref> == Ọrụ == N'afọ 1968, Patton ọrụ ya dị ka onye nkuzi maka ngalaba nka na Mankato State College na Minnesota ebe ọ kuziri nkà ndị Africa-American .  Site na 1971 ruo 1972, ọ bụ otu n'ime ikike na ike Lake Forest na site na 1972 ruo 1973, jere ozi na Mahadum Commonwealth Virginia .  Na 1976, onye ọrụ na Mahadum Houston na site na 1979 ruo 1985, ọ bụ prọfesọ na Mahadum Maryland, nke n'ikpeazụ dugara ya bụrụ onye nduzi nka na Montclair State University of New Jersey site na 1986 <ref name="oberlin" /> Na 1987, ọ ekiri onye na-ahụ maka ihe ngosi nka nke Studio na Harlem, New York.  Na 1991, ọ kwagara na Mahadum Michigan ebe ọ bụ ọrụ dị ka prọfesọ osote.  Na 1998, a nlele Patton aha onye nduzi nka nke Allen Memorial Art Museum nke bụ ngalaba nkenke Oberlin .  Na 2003, ọ kwagara ọzọ, oge a na Washington, DC ebe ọ bụ ọrụ dị ka onye nke National Museum of African Art, ngalaba nke Smithsonian Institution ruo 2008 <ref name="oberlin" /> N'oge ndụ ya, o mere ihe ngosi 20, nke atọ n'ime ha dị na Studio Museum. <ref name="oberlin" /> == Mbipụta == Akwụkwọ mbụ Ebe nchekwa na ihe atụ: The Art of Romare Bearden ikike ngosi nturu ugo ojiji nke Choice's Outstanding Academic Book of the Year .  Ọ bụkwa onye edemede nke 1983 traditional Forms na Modern Africa: West African Art na Mahadum Maryland, 1987 Witches, Demons and Metamorphoses, na 1990s Vincent C. Smith, Reding on a Blue Note <ref name="oberlin" /> == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}}{{authority control}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 10qdebanle5pds6drspsb758chj83x9 0 45145 644240 167438 2026-05-30T19:45:35Z Wikipedian12512(alt) 61413 ce 644240 wikitext text/x-wiki Ikpochapụ oke oke mmiri ozuzo, Yosemite National Park, California bụ foto ojii na ọcha nke Ansel Adams, c.  1937. Ọ bụ akụkụ nke foto eserese nke okike okike Adams si na Inspiration Point, na Ndagwurugwu Yosemite, kemgbe 1930s. == Akụkọ na nkọwa == <ref>[https://www.sothebys.com/en/buy/auction/2020/a-grand-vision-the-david-h-arrington-collection-of-ansel-adams-masterworks/clearing-winter-storm-yosemite-national-park A Grand Vision: The David H. Arrington Collection of Ansel Adams Masterworks, Sotheby's New York]</ref> Nke a ina foto a ma nke Adams na-ese na Yosemite National Park, na-egosi ọtụtụ akara ngosi okike a na-ahụ anya site n'echiche ahụ, ya bụ El Capitan, Bridalveil Falls, Katidral Rocks, na Half Dome,  egwuregwu n'aka ekpe, ihe niile na-ahụkwa na ya.  foto ya ndị ọzọ.  Ụfọdụ foto mbụ ya na-egosiegosi ala ahụ n'oge ụmụ, mana nke a bụ nke doro anya na ọ bụ n'oge oyi .  Oge oké ifufe snow na-ekpochapụ, na-enye ndị eze ịhụ ndị odida obodo nke Yosemite Valley, na ntụaka ha na aro ndị a na-ahụ anya, nke snow ka kpuchiri, mere ka nke a bụrụ foto ya echefu echefu.<ref>Ansel Adams, ''Examples: The Making of 40 Photographs'', Boston, 1983, p. 102</ref> Adams kwuru na “Mgbe m bi na Yosemite enwere m ohere dị ukwuu ịgbaso ìhè na oke ifufe, na-atụ anya ịhụ ọnọdụ ndị na-atọ ụtọ mgbe niile.  E nwere ọtụtụ narị ihe omume ihu igwe dị egwu n'ime afọ ndị gafeworonụ, ma ohere ịse foto ha bụ nanị ihe mberede nke oge na ebe...”  oké ifufe malitere ikpochapụ.  Ọ kọwara na echiche ya bụ akụkụ nke odida obodo kpaliri echiche ya: "N'ebe a, mmadụ enweghị ike ịgafe ihe karịrị otu narị mita ma ọ bụ karịa gaa n'aka ekpe na-eruteghị ọnụ ọnụ ọnụ ugwu ndị fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ n'elu osimiri Merced.  aka nri ga-etinye ihuenyo osisi ma ọ bụ chọọ ọnọdụ na-adịghị mma n'okporo ụzọ ahụ, ịga n'ihu ga-eme ka ọdachi dakwasị n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ == Ụbọchị == Enweela esemokwu n'oge a na-ese foto, ebe Adams nyere ozi na-emegiderịta onwe ya. N'akwụkwọ ya ''Examples: The Making of 40 Photographs'' (1983), ọ na-azọrọ na e weere ya na 1940. N'akwụkwọ ya na-esote, ''Ansel Adams: An Autobiography'' (1984), o kwuru na ọ sitere na 1944. A nabatara ụbọchị a ruo mgbe e rere mbipụta mbụ ya na ụbọchị 1938 na Sotheby's na 2005. Mary Stuar Alinder tụrụ aro ụbọchị nke Disemba 1935, dịka nyocha nke Donald W. Olson siri dị. <ref>[https://www.sothebys.com/en/buy/auction/2020/a-grand-vision-the-david-h-arrington-collection-of-ansel-adams-masterworks/clearing-winter-storm-yosemite-national-park A Grand Vision: The David H. Arrington Collection of Ansel Adams Masterworks, Sotheby's New York]</ref> == Ahịa nka == <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.taiwannews.com.tw/en/news/1297831|title=Records abound at NYC Polaroid photo auction, Taiwan News, 24 June 2010|accessdate=3 May 2022|archivedate=3 May 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220503235927/https://www.taiwannews.com.tw/en/news/1297831}}</ref> Mbipụta ihe osise nke foto a rere site na $722,500 na Sotheby's New York, na June 2010, na-eme ka ọ bụrụ elele elele nke foto Ansel Adams ruru. == Nchịkọta ọha == <ref>[https://www.moma.org/collection/works/52135 Museum of Modern Art]</ref> <ref>[https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/262559 Metropolitan Museum of Art]</ref>E nwere nke foto na ọtụtụ nchịkọta akụkọ, egwu Museum of Modern Art, na New York, Metropolitan Museum of Art, na New York, National Gallery of Art, na Washington, DC, Philadelphia Museum of Art, na Art Institute of Chicago,  J. Paul Getty Museum, na Los Angeles, na ndị dike ihe ngosi nke Toledo . <ref>[https://www.nga.gov/collection/art-object-page.66686.html National Gallery of Art]</ref> <ref>[https://philamuseum.org/collection/object/70874 Philadelphia Museum of Art]</ref> <ref>[https://www.artic.edu/artworks/121723/clearing-winter-storm-yosemite-national-park Art Institute of Chicago]</ref> <ref>[https://www.getty.edu/art/collection/object/109HKK J. Paul Getty Museum]</ref> == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} 8mz9ypnxozyghsus33uz1td7w55zzeg 0 45158 644115 167451 2026-05-30T16:13:12Z Geraldine Kene 23189 Fixed reference error 644115 wikitext text/x-wiki Zachary Fabri ( ከውጭ 1977 na Miami, FL ) bụ onye na-ese ihe dị iche iche na Brooklyn, NY <ref name=":0" /><ref name="brooklyneagle.com">{{Cite web|date=2020-11-16|title=Around Brooklyn: Pols hold anti-tax lien sale rally|url=https://brooklyneagle.com/articles/2020/11/16/around-brooklyn-pols-hold-anti-tax-lien-sale-rally/|accessdate=2020-11-21|work=Brooklyn Eagle|language=en-US}}</ref> == Ndụ mmalite na agụmakwụkwọ == <ref name=":1">{{Cite web|date=2015-03-01|title=Zachary Fabri|url=https://www.smackmellon.org/artist/zachary-fabri/|accessdate=2020-11-21|work=Smack Mellon|language=en-US}}</ref>Akwụkwọ ikike BFA dị na Mahadum Florida na 2000, foto na Universität der Künste, Berlin wee nweta Master of Fine Arts site na Hunter College na 2007 na Combined Media == Ọrụ == Ọtụtụ n'ime ọrụ ya gbasara arụmọrụ na vidiyo ma na-arụ ọrụ site na isiokwu echiche nke gburugburu, ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, na nwoke ojii. <ref name=":2">{{Cite web|author=Rodney|first=Seph|date=2017-01-04|title=Captivated by the Performance of Black Masculinity|url=https://hyperallergic.com/347603/captivated-by-the-performance-of-black-masculinity/|accessdate=2020-11-21|work=Hyperallergic|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref name=":1">{{Cite web|date=2015-03-01|title=Zachary Fabri|url=https://www.smackmellon.org/artist/zachary-fabri/|accessdate=2020-11-21|work=Smack Mellon|language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://www.smackmellon.org/artist/zachary-fabri/ "Zachary Fabri"]. ''Smack Mellon''. 2015-03-01<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-11-21</span></span>.</cite></ref> Na 2007 Fabri nwere ihe ngosi solo na Aljira Center for Contemporary Art na Newark, NJ.  [1] [2] [3] Ya na Bessie Award na-emeri choreographer Joanna Kotze na "Chọta Onwe Gị Ebe a," na Baryshnikov Arts Center na 2015, àgwà aka na onye na-ese ihe Torkwase Dyson na 2019, na-  eme ihe ọkpụkpụ ya na Colby College na New Orleans Museum of Art wee soro Mickalene rụkọọ ọrụ.  Thomas na ihe ngosi Henry Art Gallery ya, MUSE maka “tête-à-tête. <ref>{{Cite news|author=Clemans|first=Gayle|date=28 August 2018|title=A look at painter Mickalene Thomas' lesser-known photography at Henry Art Gallery|work=The Seattle Times|url=https://www.seattletimes.com/entertainment/visual-arts/muse-offers-a-look-at-painter-mickalene-thomas-photography-and-at-the-artist-herself/|accessdate=21 November 2020}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|author=Shane|first=Robert R.|date=2020-09-08|title=TORKWASE DYSON with Robert R. Shane|url=https://brooklynrail.org/2020/09/art/TORKWASE-DYSON-with-Robert-Shane|accessdate=2020-11-21|work=The Brooklyn Rail|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref name=":0">{{Cite news|author=Kourlas|first=Gia|date=2015-09-18|title=Review: Joanna Kotze's High-Speed Chase at Baryshnikov Arts Center (Published 2015)|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/09/19/arts/dance/review-joanna-kotzes-high-speed-chase-at-baryshnikov-arts-center.html|accessdate=2020-11-21}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFKourlas2015">Kourlas, Gia (2015-09-18). [https://www.nytimes.com/2015/09/19/arts/dance/review-joanna-kotzes-high-speed-chase-at-baryshnikov-arts-center.html "Review: Joanna Kotze's High-Speed Chase at Baryshnikov Arts Center (Published 2015)"]. ''The New York Times''. [[ISSN (ihe nchọpụta)|ISSN]]&nbsp;[[issn:0362-4331|0362-4331]]<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-11-21</span></span>.</cite></ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=Torkwase Dyson {{!}} Dusk, Performance Dark, Adaptive (Zachary Fabri) (2019) {{!}} Artsy|url=https://www.artsy.net/artwork/torkwase-dyson-dusk-performance-dark-adaptive-zachary-fabri|accessdate=2020-11-21|work=www.artsy.net|language=en}}</ref> Vidiyo Fabri weputara na Art World Conference nke 2020 site na arụmọrụ ya na mbipụta izizi ha n'ịntanetị. <ref>{{Cite web|author=|first=|date=2020-09-16|title=Register for Defining Value(s) in the Art World, an Online Event Presented by Art World Conference|url=https://hyperallergic.com/588206/art-world-conference-2020-defining-values/|archiveurl=|archivedate=|accessdate=2020-11-21|work=Hyperallergic|language=en-US}}</ref> Na 2020 Fabri meriri Colene Brown Art Prize. <ref name="brooklyneagle.com">{{Cite web|date=2020-11-16|title=Around Brooklyn: Pols hold anti-tax lien sale rally|url=https://brooklyneagle.com/articles/2020/11/16/around-brooklyn-pols-hold-anti-tax-lien-sale-rally/|accessdate=2020-11-21|work=Brooklyn Eagle|language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://brooklyneagle.com/articles/2020/11/16/around-brooklyn-pols-hold-anti-tax-lien-sale-rally/ "Around Brooklyn: Pols hold anti-tax lien sale rally"]. ''Brooklyn Eagle''. 2020-11-16<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-11-21</span></span>.</cite></ref> == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] sqg2huftsjxrqvylnz3q9jp6sxowfzx 644116 644115 2026-05-30T16:19:02Z Geraldine Kene 23189 Fixed reference error 644116 wikitext text/x-wiki Zachary Fabri ( ከውጭ 1977 na Miami, FL ) bụ onye na-ese ihe dị iche iche na Brooklyn, NY <ref name=":0" /><ref name="brooklyneagle.com" /> == Ndụ mmalite na agụmakwụkwọ == <ref name=":1" />Akwụkwọ ikike BFA dị na Mahadum Florida na 2000, foto na Universität der Künste, Berlin wee nweta Master of Fine Arts site na Hunter College na 2007 na Combined Media == Ọrụ == Ọtụtụ n'ime ọrụ ya gbasara arụmọrụ na vidiyo ma na-arụ ọrụ site na isiokwu echiche nke gburugburu, ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, na nwoke ojii. <ref name=":2">{{Cite web|author=Rodney|first=Seph|date=2017-01-04|title=Captivated by the Performance of Black Masculinity|url=https://hyperallergic.com/347603/captivated-by-the-performance-of-black-masculinity/|accessdate=2020-11-21|work=Hyperallergic|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref name=":1">{{Cite web|date=2015-03-01|title=Zachary Fabri|url=https://www.smackmellon.org/artist/zachary-fabri/|accessdate=2020-11-21|work=Smack Mellon|language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://www.smackmellon.org/artist/zachary-fabri/ "Zachary Fabri"]. ''Smack Mellon''. 2015-03-01<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-11-21</span></span>.</cite></ref> Na 2007 Fabri nwere ihe ngosi solo na Aljira Center for Contemporary Art na Newark, NJ.  [1] [2] [3] Ya na Bessie Award na-emeri choreographer Joanna Kotze na "Chọta Onwe Gị Ebe a," na Baryshnikov Arts Center na 2015, àgwà aka na onye na-ese ihe Torkwase Dyson na 2019, na-  eme ihe ọkpụkpụ ya na Colby College na New Orleans Museum of Art wee soro Mickalene rụkọọ ọrụ.  Thomas na ihe ngosi Henry Art Gallery ya, MUSE maka “tête-à-tête. <ref>{{Cite news|author=Clemans|first=Gayle|date=28 August 2018|title=A look at painter Mickalene Thomas' lesser-known photography at Henry Art Gallery|work=The Seattle Times|url=https://www.seattletimes.com/entertainment/visual-arts/muse-offers-a-look-at-painter-mickalene-thomas-photography-and-at-the-artist-herself/|accessdate=21 November 2020}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|author=Shane|first=Robert R.|date=2020-09-08|title=TORKWASE DYSON with Robert R. Shane|url=https://brooklynrail.org/2020/09/art/TORKWASE-DYSON-with-Robert-Shane|accessdate=2020-11-21|work=The Brooklyn Rail|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref name=":0">{{Cite news|author=Kourlas|first=Gia|date=2015-09-18|title=Review: Joanna Kotze's High-Speed Chase at Baryshnikov Arts Center (Published 2015)|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/09/19/arts/dance/review-joanna-kotzes-high-speed-chase-at-baryshnikov-arts-center.html|accessdate=2020-11-21}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFKourlas2015">Kourlas, Gia (2015-09-18). [https://www.nytimes.com/2015/09/19/arts/dance/review-joanna-kotzes-high-speed-chase-at-baryshnikov-arts-center.html "Review: Joanna Kotze's High-Speed Chase at Baryshnikov Arts Center (Published 2015)"]. ''The New York Times''. [[ISSN (ihe nchọpụta)|ISSN]]&nbsp;[[issn:0362-4331|0362-4331]]<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-11-21</span></span>.</cite></ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=Torkwase Dyson {{!}} Dusk, Performance Dark, Adaptive (Zachary Fabri) (2019) {{!}} Artsy|url=https://www.artsy.net/artwork/torkwase-dyson-dusk-performance-dark-adaptive-zachary-fabri|accessdate=2020-11-21|work=www.artsy.net|language=en}}</ref> Vidiyo Fabri weputara na Art World Conference nke 2020 site na arụmọrụ ya na mbipụta izizi ha n'ịntanetị. <ref>{{Cite web|author=|first=|date=2020-09-16|title=Register for Defining Value(s) in the Art World, an Online Event Presented by Art World Conference|url=https://hyperallergic.com/588206/art-world-conference-2020-defining-values/|archiveurl=|archivedate=|accessdate=2020-11-21|work=Hyperallergic|language=en-US}}</ref> Na 2020 Fabri meriri Colene Brown Art Prize. <ref name="brooklyneagle.com">{{Cite web|date=2020-11-16|title=Around Brooklyn: Pols hold anti-tax lien sale rally|url=https://brooklyneagle.com/articles/2020/11/16/around-brooklyn-pols-hold-anti-tax-lien-sale-rally/|accessdate=2020-11-21|work=Brooklyn Eagle|language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://brooklyneagle.com/articles/2020/11/16/around-brooklyn-pols-hold-anti-tax-lien-sale-rally/ "Around Brooklyn: Pols hold anti-tax lien sale rally"]. ''Brooklyn Eagle''. 2020-11-16<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-11-21</span></span>.</cite></ref> == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 3ajgo4gn7v9wu9l9mmmiiz5t44u2d95 0 45169 644119 167467 2026-05-30T16:35:54Z Mirah50 16972 Fixed reference errors 644119 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}  '''Ted Ellis''' (amụrụ n'afọ 1963) bụ onye America na-ese ihe na onye bụbu onye na-ahụ maka gburugburu ebe obibi. A maara Ellis nke ọma maka nka na ụdị ejiji ya nke African-American nke na-agwakọta ihe ndị dị na nka ọdịnala, naturalism na Impressionism. E gosipụtara ntụgharị onwe ya nke [[Barack Obama]] na acrylic, ''Obama, Onye isi ala nke iri anọ na anọ'', iji sọpụrụ 2009 Presidential Inauguration. Azụmaahịa nka Ellis ereela ihe karịrị nde 1.75 nke ngwaahịa nka dị mma, ọ na-arụkwa ọrụ na ọtụtụ ụlọ ọrụ a ma ama. &nbsp;A makwaara ya maka ọrụ obodo ya, ọkachasị ịkwalite nka na agụmakwụkwọ ụmụaka. == Ndụ onwe onye na mmalite ọrụ == [[Usòrò:Woodlands_055c.jpg|thumb|Ted Ellis na-emepụta ihe osise.]] A mụrụ ya ma zụlite ya na New Orleans, [[Luwisiánà|Louisiana]], nye nna na-agụ egwú na nne na-elekọta ụlọ, <ref name="citizen">{{Cite news|title=Artist learns from past career|author=Mary Kegg|publisher=[[The Citizen (Clear Lake)|The Citizen]] – [[Clear Lake (region)|Clear Lake, TX]]|date=April 1998}} </ref> <ref name="gdn980322_vision">{{Cite news|title=An Artist's Vision|author=Steve Mayo|publisher=[[The Galveston Daily News]] Lifestyle|date=March 22, 1998}} </ref> Ted Ellis malitere igosi na ọ dị afọ ise. <ref name="irving_news93">{{Cite news|title=IAC to feature appealing artwork|author=Kathy A. Edgar|publisher=[[The Irving News]] Weekender|date=Jan 29 – Feb 4, 1993}} </ref><ref name="class">{{Cite news|title=Art for Art's Sake and Beyond|author=Donolyn Carrol|publisher=Class|date=27 September 1993}}</ref> Mgbalị mbụ Ellis mere n'ihe osise bụ ihe osise nke nkịta sitere na Archie Comics, nke o sere n'ụzọ ziri ezi nke na ndị enyi na ezinụlọ kwenyere na achọpụtala ya.[1] Ka ọ na-etolite, otu n'ime ihe odide kachasị amasị ya iji see bụ ''Wile E. Coyote'', ma dị ka okenye ọ na-aga n'ihu na-enwe mmasị na akwụkwọ na-atọ ọchị dị ka "ihe na-enye ume ọhụrụ". [1] <ref name="city_social">{{Cite news|title=Art is Power|author=Rosalind Tuminello|publisher=[[Baton Rouge]] [[City Social]]|date=Feb 2010}} </ref> Mgbe o mere agadi, Ted ga-agba bọs naanị ya gaa n'etiti obodo New Orleans ka a hụ ya ma soro ndị na-ese ihe n'ógbè ahụ nọrọ oge.<ref name="upscale">{{Cite news|title=Ted Ellis: A Painter with a Purpose|author=Angela P. Moore|publisher=[[Upscale (magazine)|Upscale]]|page=58|date=April 2000}} </ref> Ya na ndị enyi ya ga-asọ mpi n'oge ezumike ha iji hụ onye nwere ike ise ihe osise kachasị mma, Ted wee gaa n'ihu na-azụlite nkà nka ya n'ụlọ akwụkwọ praịmarị n'agbanyeghị na ọ na-enweta akara "eju afọ" na klas nka. N'ụlọ akwụkwọ elementrị, ọ gara mmemme oge okpomọkụ na New Orleans Center for Creative Arts, ma mesịa gaa mmemme mgbe ụlọ akwụkwọ gachara na Lawless High School . <ref name="citizen" /> Ellis na-ekwu na ọ maara na ọ chọrọ ịbụ onye na-ese ihe na Klas nke asaa, [1] ma na-eto onye nkuzi ya na klas ahụ maka ilekwasị ya anya.<ref name="irving_news93" /><ref name="upscale" /> == Ọrụ nka == [[Usòrò:TheebaptismII-webc.jpg|thumb|Baptism, ihe osise mbụ Ted Ellis rere n'ọtụtụ ebe.]] Ted Ellis nọgidere na-enwe mmasị na nka nke bu ụzọ rụọ ọrụ nka ya; ọ na-ese ihe n'oge niile ọ nọ na ndị agha na dị ka onye na-ahụ maka gburugburu ebe obibi, na-arụkarị ọrụ na ụlọ ọrụ na-arụ ọrụ ya.<ref name="citizen" /> E mepụtara ọrụ mbụ ya maka ndị ọrụ ibe ya abụọ na Rollins. Ha chọrọ ịzụta ihe ọ na-arụ ọrụ na ya n'oge ahụ, mana ọ jụrụ ma nye ha ihe abụọ yiri ya, nke ha zụrụ maka $ 40.<ref name="southern_living">{{Cite news|title=Art With an Amen|author=Gary D. Ford|publisher=[[Southern Living]] – Texas Living|date=August 2003}}</ref> Mgbe ọ hapụsịrị ọrụ ya dị ka injinia na 1996, <ref name="gdn980322_vision" /> Ellis meriri ndị ọzọ 500 maka, ma merie, 1998 Walt Disney Studios commission for art iji sọpụrụ Black History Month. E ji mpempe akwụkwọ ahụ mee ihe na emume 1999 na Epcot Center ma gosipụta ya na T-shirts, ihe ncheta-mugs, na posters.<ref name="upscale" /><ref name="gdn070401_hope">{{Cite news|url=|title=Art that brings Hope|author=Sara McDonald|publisher=[[Galveston Daily News]] Lifestyle|date=April 1, 2007}} </ref><ref name="chronicle_purpose" /> === Azụmaahịa nka === [[Usòrò:Prayers_Healsmallc.jpg|thumb|Ekpere Heal na-egosi dọkịta na-awa ahụ nke mechara zụta ya.]] Onye ọchụnta ego Ted Ellis ereela ma ree nka ya n'oge niile ọ na-arụ ọrụ.<ref name="upscale" /> Ọ nọworị na-enweta ego maka nkà okike ya n'ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị mgbe ụmụ klas ya na ya rere T-shirts ha, nke mbụ nye ndị juniors na ndị okenye nke ụlọ akwụkwọ ha, wee gaa na mpaghara ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ dum.<ref name="capital_news" /> Nwunye Ted bụ Erenia, onye na-agbazinye ego, na-elekọta azụmahịa ya, "T. Ellis Art, Incorporated", site na ụlọ ọrụ League City, Texas.<ref name="citizen" /> Ellis ereela ihe karịrị nde 1.75 nke ngwaahịa nka dị mma gafee mba ahụ site na ire ere, ụlọ ngosi nka, ụlọ ahịa katalọgụ, ndị na-ere ahịa nka dị mma, na ikikere, ma na-ere ohere mmekọrịta obodo iji kụziere ma nye obodo ike site n'inye nloghachi kachasị na obere itinye ego.<ref name="upscale" /><ref name="city_social" /><ref name="capital_news">{{Cite news|url=http://www.thecapitalnews.com/?p=1065|title=Black Art: Ted Ellis|author=|publisher=The Capital News|date=December 1, 2011}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[http://www.thecapitalnews.com/?p=1065 "Black Art: Ted Ellis"]. The Capital News. December 1, 2011.</cite> </ref> &nbsp;N'afọ 2005, ọ bịanyere aka na ụlọ ọrụ na-enye ikikere nka "Alaska Momma" na ebumnuche nke imeghe ụzọ ahịa ọhụrụ na ụlọ, arịa ụlọ, kalenda, uwe na akwụkwọ.<ref name="gdn051127_katrina">{{Cite news|url=http://galvestondailynews.com/story.lasso?ewcd=28e541ec19e06050|title=Artist turns pain of Katrina into art|author=Rachel Hunter|work=[[Galveston Daily News]]|date=November 27, 2005}} </ref> A na-ere ọrụ Ellis site na akwụkwọ ndekọ Army na Air Force Exchange Service ma dị naanị site na Avon's African American Boutique yana akwụkwọ mpịakọta ha.<ref name="citizen" /> [[Usòrò:Surviving_Katrinasmallc.jpg|thumb|''Ịlanarị Katrina'', nke olileanya ọ hụrụ na otu nwoke na-ewulite na New Orleans n'ụbọchị ndị na-esote ajọ ifufe Katrina / nke ọkọlọtọ ya na-anọchite anya mkpa ọ dị mba ahụ ijikọ aka n'azụ ụlọ ndị ahụ.]] === Foto Obama === [[Usòrò:Obamathe44th-web_426x450c.jpg|thumb|Ọtụtụ agba na-anọchite anya ịdị n'otu nke Ellis hụrụ na nraranye nke ''Obama, Onye isi ala nke iri anọ na anọ''.]] Otu n'ime ọrụ Ted Ellis a ma ama bụ ihe ngosi nke akara aka 'olileanya' nke [[Barack Obama]]. Ellis sere onyinyo ahụ iji sọpụrụ nraranye nke onye isi ala Obama na 2008. Na ''Obama, Onye isi ala nke iri anọ na anọ'', Ellis na-eji ágbá acrylic na-acha ọbara ọbara, acha anụnụ anụnụ, odo, na akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ iji gosipụta Obama dị ka onye na-ejikọ ndị mmadụ n'ofe agba, agbụrụ, na okpukpe. E gosipụtara mpempe akwụkwọ ahụ na Jenụwarị 19, 2009, gala nke National Black Chamber of Commerce na National Newspaper Publishers Association Foundation mere na Embassy of France na Washington, D.C. Ego sitere na mbipụta ndị e dere aha ha na-ere na ihe omume ahụ kwadoro NNPA Foundation na Howard University School of Communications Building Fund (NPA Media Wing).<ref name="crusader">{{Cite news|url=http://chicagocrusader.com/news-detail.aspx?newsid=241|title=Obama painting heads to Washington, D.C.|author=|publisher=[[Gary Crusader]]|date=2009-01-20}} </ref><ref name="city_social" /><ref name="chronicle_purpose">{{Cite news|title=Ted Ellis uses Art to unite, inspire|author=K. Pica Kahn|publisher=[[Houston Chronicle]] – Reflections of the Bay Area|date=March–April 2009}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFK._Pica_Kahn2009">K. Pica Kahn (March–April 2009). "Ted Ellis uses Art to unite, inspire". [[Akụkọ Houston|Houston Chronicle]] – Reflections of the Bay Area.</cite> </ref><ref name="courier">{{Cite news|url=http://courier-pittsburgh.vlex.com/vid/change-celebrated-studded-black-gala-65860086|title=Change Celebrated at Star-Studded Black Press Gala|author=|publisher=[[New Pittsburgh Courier]]|date=September 2, 2009}} </ref><ref name="black_press">{{Cite news|url=//www.blackpressusa.com/news/Article.asp?SID=3&Title=National+News&NewsID=17448|title=Black Press Inaugural Gala to Benefit NNPA Wing at Howard University|author=NNPA Editor-in-Chief|publisher=[[Historical Black Press Foundation|Black Press USA]]|date=2009-01-20}} </ref><ref name="rollingout">{{Cite news|url=http://rollingout.com/entertainment/artist-ted-ellis-talks-about-the-purpose-behind-tedism-and-supporting-the-arts/|title=Artist Ted Ellis Talks About the Purpose Behind 'Tedism' and Supporting the Arts|author=Alexandria Green|publisher=rollingout.com|date=2011-04-21}} </ref><ref name="gdn090619_history">{{Cite news|url=http://galvestondailynews.com/story/139540|title=Art exhibit showcases African-American history|author=Bronwyn Turner|work=[[Galveston Daily News]]|date=June 19, 2009}} </ref> Ellis na-ekwu na ịhụnanya na mmetụta na nka ya na New Orleans na ọdịbendị ya bara ọgaranya nke ihe okike. O jiri obodo ahụ tụnyere ebe a na-azụ ụmụ okorobịa nwere nkà. Obodo ahụ nyere klọb nka Ted na ohere ịmepụta mgbidi maka ụlọ akwụkwọ na ịmepụta ihe ịrịba ama maka ihe omume pụrụ iche. New Orleans nyere ya ohere maka klas nka, mmemme nka oge okpomọkụ, na Jackson Square, ebe ọ nwere ike ịgwa okwu ma mata ọtụtụ ndị na-ese ihe.<ref name="capital_news">{{Cite news|url=http://www.thecapitalnews.com/?p=1065|title=Black Art: Ted Ellis|author=|publisher=The Capital News|date=December 1, 2011}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[http://www.thecapitalnews.com/?p=1065 "Black Art: Ted Ellis"]. The Capital News. December 1, 2011.</cite> </ref> == Ihe ndị ọ rụzuru == [[Usòrò:Ellisatmuseum.JPG|thumb|E gosipụtara ọrụ Ellis na ma na-egosi ya na ọtụtụ ebe ngosi ihe mgbe ochie.]] E gosipụtara nka Ellis na 1992 na 1993 maka Black History Month na Irving Arts Center na Irving, Texas, nso Dallas.<ref name="irving_news93" /><ref name="gpn">Black History Month has diverse celebrations Pennie Boyett and Laurie Barnett ''The Grand Prairie News – Weekender'' Jan. 31 Feb. 6 1992</ref> Ihe ngosi nke 1993, Realism, Symbolism, and Abstraction: Images from the African American Experience, jikọtara aka gosipụta onye na-ese ihe [[Albert M. Shaw]].<ref name="class" /><ref name="artimes">Black History month exhibition featured at IAC ''ARTimes'' February 1993</ref> A họpụtara Ellis ka o mepụta Walt Disney World 1998 ncheta Black History Poster. Ewezuga nke ahụ, ọ bụ onye na-ese ihe maka ncheta afọ 50 nke Bloody Sunday maka obodo Selma, Alabama. Ted bụ onye nnọchi anya nka maka obodo na obodo Galveston, <ref name="free">{{Cite news|url=http://www.galvnews.com/news/free/article_34a520a4-3414-11e5-a42e-3f8a83243c43.html|title='Free at Last' returns to Galveston|date=July 27, 2015|work=Galveston County: The Daily News}}</ref> TX na-eme emume ncheta afọ 150 nke Juneteenth na-egosi na US Capitol na [[Washington, D.C.|Washington DC]]. <ref name="june">{{Cite news|url=http://www.tellisfineart.com/nationally-celebrated-juneteenth-freedom-project-artist-ted-ellis-exhibits/|title=AMERICAN SLAVERY EXHIBITION AT COLLEGE OF THE MAINLAND GALLERY|date=June 26, 2015}}</ref> == Echiche banyere nka ndị Africa America == N'otu kọlụm e bipụtara na Images Magazine, Ted Ellis na-akpọ ndị ọgbọ na-eto eto nke ndị na-ese ihe ojii ka ha mata ihe isi ike na-eche ihu na mgbalị nke ọgbọ gara aga nke ndị na'ese ihe ojii iji dozie ụzọ maka ọgbọ ọhụrụ iji nwee ike ịga nke ọma, na ime ya na obere ihe isi ike. <ref name="upscale" /><ref name="images">''[[Images Magazine]]'' Volume II Number 4. Perspectives. Ted Ellis. 1993</ref> Ọ na-ekwu na ndị Afrịka-Amerịka ka na-anọghị n'ime ndị isi, n'agbanyeghị na ha bụ ndị na-ese ihe ojii na-eche echiche ego, na ọgbọ dị ugbu a ka na-enweta obere ego karịa ka o kwesịrị. Ellis gara n'ihu na-enye ọrụ ụfọdụ na ụwa agụmakwụkwọ nke ọ na-ahụ ka ọ naghị elebara ụdị ahụ anya.<ref name="capital_news">{{Cite news|url=http://www.thecapitalnews.com/?p=1065|title=Black Art: Ted Ellis|author=|publisher=The Capital News|date=December 1, 2011}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[http://www.thecapitalnews.com/?p=1065 "Black Art: Ted Ellis"]. The Capital News. December 1, 2011.</cite> </ref> == Edensibia == . [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] ew9wfqhbxrd1vdlq0dylhberoel516p 0 45204 644142 167507 2026-05-30T17:37:53Z Adimora chidinma 15845 Fixed reference error 644142 wikitext text/x-wiki  {{Databox}} '''Samuel Robin Spark''' (9 Julaị 1938 - 6 Ọgọst 2016) bụ onye omenkà Scotland. Ọ bụ nwa nwoke Sidney Oswald Spark na onye edemede Muriel Spark . <ref>Lodge, David (19 August 2010). "The Prime of Muriel Spark". [Review of the book ''Muriel Spark: The Biography'', by Martin Stannard]. ''New York Review of Books 57''(13), 60.</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.scotsman.com/news/obituaries/obituary-robin-spark-artist-1-4203774|title=Obituary: Robin Spark, artist|work=www.scotsman.com|date=15 August 2016|accessdate=20 June 2019}}</ref> N'ịbụ onye na-arụ ọrụ ya, <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://samuelrobinspark.wordpress.com/|title=samuel robin spark|work=samuel robin spark|accessdate=20 June 2019}}</ref> o kere ihe karịrị 1,000 eserese, foto, na edemede dị mkpirikpi na akụkọ gbasara nka, omenala ndị Juu, na ezinụlọ ya. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://textualities.net/tag/samuel-robin-spark|title=Samuel Robin Spark : Textualities|work=textualities.net|accessdate=20 June 2019}}</ref> == Ndụ mbido == A mụrụ Spark na Southern Rhodesia, mgbe ahụ bụ obodo Britain, nye Sidney na Muriel Spark. Nne na nna ya zutere na Edinburgh na ịgba egwu, nna ya mechara gaa Southern Rhodesia, bụ ebe ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye nkụzi. Muriel sonyeere Sidney na 1937, na Robin a mụrụ na Julaị na-esote na Bulawayo . N'oge na-adịghị anya, alụmdi na nwunye ahụ dara njọ ka Sidney, bụ́ onye dị afọ 13 ka Muriel, nwere ịda mbà n'obi ma nwee ọchịchọ ime ihe ike. Sidney jụrụ ịgba Muriel alụkwaghịm, ya mere Muriel hapụrụ ya, kpọọ Robin. Ha bu ụzọ kwaga [[Cape Town]], bi n'otu ọnụ ụlọ dị n'okpuru adaeze Frederica nke Gris na Constantine na-eto eto. <ref name="Herald Obituary" /> <ref name="Times Obituary">{{Cite news|url=https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/robin-spark-plp9j35kj|title=Robin Spark|date=20 August 2016|publisher=|accessdate=20 June 2019}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/robin-spark-plp9j35kj "Robin Spark"]. 20 August 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 June</span> 2019</span> &#x2013; via www.thetimes.co.uk.</cite></ref> Ka ọ na-erule njedebe nke Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ, Muriel ji ụgbọ mmiri ndị agha laghachi United Kingdom, ma o nweghị ike inweta ụzọ maka Robin dị afọ anọ, bụ́ onye a hapụrụ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ ebe obibi ndị nọn . Na Septemba 1945, Muriel kpọtara Robin na Edinburgh. Ọ gara London ịchọ ọrụ, hapụ Robin ka nne na nna Muriel, ndị Cambergs zụlitere n'ụlọ ha dị na Morningside / Bruntsfield . <ref name="Herald Obituary" /> <ref name="Times Obituary" /> == Agụmakwụkwọ na ọrụ == Robin gụrụ akwụkwọ na kọleji Daniel Stewart nkeonwe dị na Edinburgh. Ọ hapụrụ mgbe ọ dị afọ 16 ịchụso ọrụ n'ahịa ahịa ọla na-ere ahịa. Ọ jere ozi mba ya na Royal Army Medical Corps site na 1957 ruo 1959, emesia ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ abalị iji nweta ndị isi ya. N'ọgwụgwụ 1960, ọ banyere ọrụ obodo, bụ nke ọ rụrụ ọrụ maka afọ 20 na ngalaba dị iche iche, na-ejedebe dị ka onye isi odeakwụkwọ na Scottish Law Commission . <ref name="Herald Obituary">{{Cite web|url=https://www.heraldscotland.com/opinion/14686241.robin-spark/|title=Robin Spark|work=HeraldScotland|date=17 August 2016|accessdate=20 June 2019}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://www.heraldscotland.com/opinion/14686241.robin-spark/ "Robin Spark"]. ''HeraldScotland''. 17 August 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 June</span> 2019</span>.</cite></ref> <ref name="Times Obituary" /> == Ndụ onwe onye == Spark na nne ya Muriel nwere mmekọrịta na-adịghị mma mgbe ụfọdụ. Ha nwere esemokwu mgbe okpukpe ndị Juu nke Ọtọdọks nke Robin kpaliri ya ịrịọ ka a mata nne nne ya nwụrụ anwụ dị ka onye Juu. (Nna nne nne Muriel, Adelaide Hyams na Tom Uezzell, lụrụ na chọọchị. Tom bụ onye Anglịkan. Nna Adelaide bụ onye Juu, ma nne ya abụghị onye Juu; Adelaide kpọrọ onwe ya "Onye Jentaịl ndị Juu.") Muriel zaghachiri site n'ịbo ya ebubo na ọ bụ ya. na-achọ mgbasa ozi iji kwalite ọrụ ya dị ka onye na-ese ihe. Nwanne Muriel bụ́ Philip, bụ́ onye ghọworo onye Juu na-anụ ọkụ n’obi, kwetara n’ụdị akụkọ ihe mere eme ezinụlọ ya. N'otu n'ime akwụkwọ ikpeazụ o binyere aka na Edinburgh, ọ gwara otu onye nta akụkọ jụrụ ma ọ ga-ahụ nwa ya nwoke ọzọ: "Echere m na m maara otú kacha mma isi zere ya ugbu a." == Edensibia == abụghị onye Juu; Adelaide kpọrọ onwe ya "Onye Jentaịl ndị Juu.") Muriel zaghachiri site n'ịbo ya ebubo na ọ bụ ya. na-achọ mgbasa ozi iji kwalite ọrụ ya dị ka onye na-ese{{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * Weebụ | [https://web.archive.org/web/20160916120607/http://www.samuelrobinspark.com/ www.samuelrobinspark.com] * [http://www.scotsman.com/news/obituaries/obituary-robin-spark-artist-1-4203774 Obituary: Samuel Robin Spark, Artist.] Onye Scotsman | Akwụkwọ akụkọ mba Scotland | Ọgọst 15, 2016 [http://www.scotsman.com/news/obituaries/obituary-robin-spark-artist-1-4203774]  es5n8s0rgoy9zflosz1ajzrdi6eu4t0 0 45260 644505 516582 2026-05-31T05:56:13Z King ChristLike 13051 King ChristLike moved page [[Eze Saha]] to [[King Saha]]: Misspelled title 516582 wikitext text/x-wiki  [[File:King Saha.jpeg|thumb|Eze Saha]] '''Ssemanda Manisul''', onye a maara dị ka '''Eze Saha''', bụ onye egwu si Entebbe na [[Uganda]]. Eze Saha bụ onye Afro-Beat / Zouk artiste na onye isi nchịkwa nke Kings Love Entertainment. == Ọrụ == Eze Saha malitere iji aha egwu ya ugbu a na 2011 na ntọhapụ mbụ ya a maara dị ka Signal . Ọ sonyeere Leone Island nke Jose Chameleon nwere dị ka onye na-agụ egwu nkwado, <ref name=":1">{{Cite web|author=Asingwire|first=Mzee|date=2023-11-24|title=King Saha: How I joined Jose Chameleone's Leone Island|url=https://www.pulse.ug/entertainment/music/king-saha-how-i-joined-jose-chameleones-leone-island/rzz6kz9|accessdate=2023-12-11|work=Pulse Uganda|language=en}}</ref> tupu ọ malite akara ndekọ nke ya, Kings Love Entertainment . N'afọ 2014, o wepụtara otu egwu nke onye na-emepụta ihe bụ Baur mepụtara nke akpọrọ "Mulirwana". O nwere egwu egwu mbụ ya, nke a na-akpọ Mulirwana Concert, na Freedom City Mall n'okporo ụzọ Entebbe.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|title=How King Saha became one of Uganda's best artistes?|url=https://www.nowviba.com/templates/article/How-king-Saha-became-one-of-Uganda-s-best-artist-/4080|accessdate=2023-12-11|work=Nowviba}}</ref> Na 2019, o mere ngosipụta Coke Studio nke mbụ ya na onye omenkà Ugandan Weasle na onye na-ese ihe Etiopia Yared Negu..<ref>{{Cite web|date=2018-12-03|title=King Saha Lands in Nairobi For Coke Studio Africa Debut|url=https://chimpreports.com/king-saha-lands-in-nairobi-for-coke-studio-africa-debut/|accessdate=2023-12-11|work=ChimpReports|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|author=Ruby|first=Josh|date=2023-12-08|title=Mammoth crowds flock to Hotel Africana for King Saha's 'Ebiseera Ebyo' concert|url=http://mbu.ug/2023/12/09/king-saha-ebiseera-ebyo-concert-success/|accessdate=2023-12-11|work=MBU|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|author=Waswa|first=Samson|date=2023-12-10|title=King Saha promises bigger venue after successful 'Ebiseera' concert|url=https://www.pulse.ug/entertainment/king-saha-promises-bigger-venue-after-successful-ebiseera-concert/r5x30rv|accessdate=2023-12-11|work=Pulse Uganda|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=Asingwire|first=Mzee|date=2023-12-09|title=Spice, Rema share lighthearted moments with Bobi Wine at King Saha's concert|url=https://www.pulse.ug/entertainment/celebrities/spice-rema-share-lighthearted-moments-with-bobi-wine-at-king-sahas-concert/2mhrsgd|accessdate=2023-12-11|work=Pulse Uganda|language=en|archivedate=2023-12-11|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20231211082900/https://www.pulse.ug/entertainment/celebrities/spice-rema-share-lighthearted-moments-with-bobi-wine-at-king-sahas-concert/2mhrsgd}}</ref>.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Post|first=Entebbe|date=2023-12-08|title=King Saha concert: Bobi Wine cuts his trip to Europe short|url=https://entebbepost.com/king-saha-concert-bobi-wine-cuts-his-trip-to-europe-short/|accessdate=2023-12-11|work=Entebbe Post|language=en-US|archivedate=2023-12-11|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20231211085846/https://entebbepost.com/king-saha-concert-bobi-wine-cuts-his-trip-to-europe-short/}}</ref>Na 8 Disemba 2023, Eze Saha mere mmemme na Hotel Africana na Kampala nke ọ kpọrọ Ebiseera Ebyo Concert. Bobi Wine onye isi oche nke National Unity Platform yana onye ndu ndị mmegide Uganda kagburu njem njem ya na Europe wee laghachi Uganda ka ọ hụkwa ihe ngosi ahụ ozugbo. == Nkọwapụta == === Abọm studio === {| class="wikitable" |+Abọm ndị Eze Saha wepụtara !Aha ya !Nkọwa |- |Biri Biri<ref>{{Cite web|author=Deborah|date=2018-05-25|title=Biri Biri- King Saha|url=https://www.ghafla.com/ug/biri-biri-king-saha/|accessdate=2023-12-11|work=Ghafla!Uganda|language=en-US}}</ref> | * A tọhapụrụ ya: 5 June 2018 * Akara: Kings Love Entertainment * Ụdị: Nbudata dijitalụ |- |Otu | * E wepụtara ya: 15 Septemba 2013 * Akara: Kings Love Entertainment * Ụdị: Nbudata dijitalụ |- |N'ụzọ m | * A tọhapụrụ ya: 20 Eprel 2012 * Akara: Kings Love Entertainment * Ụdị: Nbudata dijitalụ |} == Onyinye na nhọpụta == {| class="wikitable" |+Onyinye Eze Saha gosipụtara !Afọ !Onyinye !Ụdị !Nsonaazụ |- |2022 |Ihe nrite AFRIMA |Nwoke Kasị Mma n'Ebe Ọwụwa Anyanwụ Afrịka |A họpụtara ya <ref>{{Cite web|date=2022-09-15|title=AFRIMA Outs Full Nomination List, Eddy Kenzo, Spice Diana, King Saha, Bebe Cool, Slick Stuart & Roja, Sheilah Gashumba and Dj Lito Nominated|url=https://exclusive.co.ug/afrima-outs-full-nomination-list-eddy-kenzo-spice-diana-king-saha-bebe-cool-slick-stuart-roja-sheilah-gashumba-and-dj-lito-nominated-2/|accessdate=2023-12-11|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2022-09-15|title=King Saha, Bebe Cool and Eddy Kenzo nominated for the AFRIMA awards - Nkumba University News|url=https://news.nkumbauniversity.ac.ug/king-saha-bebe-cool-and-eddy-kenzo-nominated-for-the-afrima-awards/|accessdate=2023-12-11|language=en-US}}</ref> |- |2021 |Ihe nrite Zzina |Abụ Afro Beat kacha mma (Ssala Puleesa) |A họpụtara ya <ref>{{Cite web|author=Ruby|first=Josh|date=2021-04-02|title=Full List: Zzina Awards 2021 Nominees|url=http://mbu.ug/2021/04/02/full-list-zzina-awards-2021-nominees/|accessdate=2023-12-11|work=MBU|language=en-US}}</ref> |- |2019 |Ihe nrite Zzina |Onye RnB nke oge a |A họpụtara ya <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|author=Reporter|first=NELSON MANDELA {{!}} PML Daily|date=2019-03-08|title=Full list: Zzina Awards 2019 nominees, voting in progress|url=https://www.pmldaily.com/features/entertainment/2019/03/full-list-zzina-awards-2019-nominees-voting-in-progress.html|accessdate=2023-12-11|work=PML Daily|language=en-US}}</ref> |- |2019 |Ihe nrite Zzina |Njikọ Kasị Mma (Mpa Love) |A họpụtara ya [4]<ref name=":0" /> |- |2016 |Ihe nrite ntụrụndụ nke Uganda |Onye RnB kacha mma |O meriri <ref>{{Cite web|date=2015-09-05|title=List of Winners and Losers At Uganda Entertainment Awards|url=https://www.howwe.ug/news/entertainment/8178/list-of-winners-and-losers-at-uganda-entertainment-awards|accessdate=2023-12-11|work=www.howwe.ug|language=en}}</ref> |- |2015 |Ihe nrite Rising Star |Onye na-ese ihe nke afọ |A họpụtara ya <ref>{{Cite web|date=2014-07-30|title=Rising Star Awards (RSA) Nominees Released|url=https://www.howwe.ug/news/entertainment/1794/rising-star-awards-rsa-nominees-released.php|accessdate=2023-12-11|work=www.howwe.ug|language=en}}</ref> |} == Ndụ onwe onye == Eze Saha nwere ụlọ na kansụl obodo Nakawuka na Wakiso District, Central Region nke Uganda. == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 6geo0ydfyfgv5ktja0524o8j7dc6n1u 644507 644505 2026-05-31T05:56:46Z King ChristLike 13051 added {{DEFAULTSORT}} 644507 wikitext text/x-wiki  [[File:King Saha.jpeg|thumb|Eze Saha]] '''Ssemanda Manisul''', onye a maara dị ka '''Eze Saha''', bụ onye egwu si Entebbe na [[Uganda]]. Eze Saha bụ onye Afro-Beat / Zouk artiste na onye isi nchịkwa nke Kings Love Entertainment. == Ọrụ == Eze Saha malitere iji aha egwu ya ugbu a na 2011 na ntọhapụ mbụ ya a maara dị ka Signal . Ọ sonyeere Leone Island nke Jose Chameleon nwere dị ka onye na-agụ egwu nkwado, <ref name=":1">{{Cite web|author=Asingwire|first=Mzee|date=2023-11-24|title=King Saha: How I joined Jose Chameleone's Leone Island|url=https://www.pulse.ug/entertainment/music/king-saha-how-i-joined-jose-chameleones-leone-island/rzz6kz9|accessdate=2023-12-11|work=Pulse Uganda|language=en}}</ref> tupu ọ malite akara ndekọ nke ya, Kings Love Entertainment . N'afọ 2014, o wepụtara otu egwu nke onye na-emepụta ihe bụ Baur mepụtara nke akpọrọ "Mulirwana". O nwere egwu egwu mbụ ya, nke a na-akpọ Mulirwana Concert, na Freedom City Mall n'okporo ụzọ Entebbe.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|title=How King Saha became one of Uganda's best artistes?|url=https://www.nowviba.com/templates/article/How-king-Saha-became-one-of-Uganda-s-best-artist-/4080|accessdate=2023-12-11|work=Nowviba}}</ref> Na 2019, o mere ngosipụta Coke Studio nke mbụ ya na onye omenkà Ugandan Weasle na onye na-ese ihe Etiopia Yared Negu..<ref>{{Cite web|date=2018-12-03|title=King Saha Lands in Nairobi For Coke Studio Africa Debut|url=https://chimpreports.com/king-saha-lands-in-nairobi-for-coke-studio-africa-debut/|accessdate=2023-12-11|work=ChimpReports|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|author=Ruby|first=Josh|date=2023-12-08|title=Mammoth crowds flock to Hotel Africana for King Saha's 'Ebiseera Ebyo' concert|url=http://mbu.ug/2023/12/09/king-saha-ebiseera-ebyo-concert-success/|accessdate=2023-12-11|work=MBU|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|author=Waswa|first=Samson|date=2023-12-10|title=King Saha promises bigger venue after successful 'Ebiseera' concert|url=https://www.pulse.ug/entertainment/king-saha-promises-bigger-venue-after-successful-ebiseera-concert/r5x30rv|accessdate=2023-12-11|work=Pulse Uganda|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=Asingwire|first=Mzee|date=2023-12-09|title=Spice, Rema share lighthearted moments with Bobi Wine at King Saha's concert|url=https://www.pulse.ug/entertainment/celebrities/spice-rema-share-lighthearted-moments-with-bobi-wine-at-king-sahas-concert/2mhrsgd|accessdate=2023-12-11|work=Pulse Uganda|language=en|archivedate=2023-12-11|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20231211082900/https://www.pulse.ug/entertainment/celebrities/spice-rema-share-lighthearted-moments-with-bobi-wine-at-king-sahas-concert/2mhrsgd}}</ref>.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Post|first=Entebbe|date=2023-12-08|title=King Saha concert: Bobi Wine cuts his trip to Europe short|url=https://entebbepost.com/king-saha-concert-bobi-wine-cuts-his-trip-to-europe-short/|accessdate=2023-12-11|work=Entebbe Post|language=en-US|archivedate=2023-12-11|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20231211085846/https://entebbepost.com/king-saha-concert-bobi-wine-cuts-his-trip-to-europe-short/}}</ref>Na 8 Disemba 2023, Eze Saha mere mmemme na Hotel Africana na Kampala nke ọ kpọrọ Ebiseera Ebyo Concert. Bobi Wine onye isi oche nke National Unity Platform yana onye ndu ndị mmegide Uganda kagburu njem njem ya na Europe wee laghachi Uganda ka ọ hụkwa ihe ngosi ahụ ozugbo. == Nkọwapụta == === Abọm studio === {| class="wikitable" |+Abọm ndị Eze Saha wepụtara !Aha ya !Nkọwa |- |Biri Biri<ref>{{Cite web|author=Deborah|date=2018-05-25|title=Biri Biri- King Saha|url=https://www.ghafla.com/ug/biri-biri-king-saha/|accessdate=2023-12-11|work=Ghafla!Uganda|language=en-US}}</ref> | * A tọhapụrụ ya: 5 June 2018 * Akara: Kings Love Entertainment * Ụdị: Nbudata dijitalụ |- |Otu | * E wepụtara ya: 15 Septemba 2013 * Akara: Kings Love Entertainment * Ụdị: Nbudata dijitalụ |- |N'ụzọ m | * A tọhapụrụ ya: 20 Eprel 2012 * Akara: Kings Love Entertainment * Ụdị: Nbudata dijitalụ |} == Onyinye na nhọpụta == {| class="wikitable" |+Onyinye Eze Saha gosipụtara !Afọ !Onyinye !Ụdị !Nsonaazụ |- |2022 |Ihe nrite AFRIMA |Nwoke Kasị Mma n'Ebe Ọwụwa Anyanwụ Afrịka |A họpụtara ya <ref>{{Cite web|date=2022-09-15|title=AFRIMA Outs Full Nomination List, Eddy Kenzo, Spice Diana, King Saha, Bebe Cool, Slick Stuart & Roja, Sheilah Gashumba and Dj Lito Nominated|url=https://exclusive.co.ug/afrima-outs-full-nomination-list-eddy-kenzo-spice-diana-king-saha-bebe-cool-slick-stuart-roja-sheilah-gashumba-and-dj-lito-nominated-2/|accessdate=2023-12-11|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2022-09-15|title=King Saha, Bebe Cool and Eddy Kenzo nominated for the AFRIMA awards - Nkumba University News|url=https://news.nkumbauniversity.ac.ug/king-saha-bebe-cool-and-eddy-kenzo-nominated-for-the-afrima-awards/|accessdate=2023-12-11|language=en-US}}</ref> |- |2021 |Ihe nrite Zzina |Abụ Afro Beat kacha mma (Ssala Puleesa) |A họpụtara ya <ref>{{Cite web|author=Ruby|first=Josh|date=2021-04-02|title=Full List: Zzina Awards 2021 Nominees|url=http://mbu.ug/2021/04/02/full-list-zzina-awards-2021-nominees/|accessdate=2023-12-11|work=MBU|language=en-US}}</ref> |- |2019 |Ihe nrite Zzina |Onye RnB nke oge a |A họpụtara ya <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|author=Reporter|first=NELSON MANDELA {{!}} PML Daily|date=2019-03-08|title=Full list: Zzina Awards 2019 nominees, voting in progress|url=https://www.pmldaily.com/features/entertainment/2019/03/full-list-zzina-awards-2019-nominees-voting-in-progress.html|accessdate=2023-12-11|work=PML Daily|language=en-US}}</ref> |- |2019 |Ihe nrite Zzina |Njikọ Kasị Mma (Mpa Love) |A họpụtara ya [4]<ref name=":0" /> |- |2016 |Ihe nrite ntụrụndụ nke Uganda |Onye RnB kacha mma |O meriri <ref>{{Cite web|date=2015-09-05|title=List of Winners and Losers At Uganda Entertainment Awards|url=https://www.howwe.ug/news/entertainment/8178/list-of-winners-and-losers-at-uganda-entertainment-awards|accessdate=2023-12-11|work=www.howwe.ug|language=en}}</ref> |- |2015 |Ihe nrite Rising Star |Onye na-ese ihe nke afọ |A họpụtara ya <ref>{{Cite web|date=2014-07-30|title=Rising Star Awards (RSA) Nominees Released|url=https://www.howwe.ug/news/entertainment/1794/rising-star-awards-rsa-nominees-released.php|accessdate=2023-12-11|work=www.howwe.ug|language=en}}</ref> |} == Ndụ onwe onye == Eze Saha nwere ụlọ na kansụl obodo Nakawuka na Wakiso District, Central Region nke Uganda. == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Saha, King}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] h743hi5u4mxgpaij4zle21dcmzh78qn 0 45360 644172 167764 2026-05-30T18:06:42Z Chigozirim2005 19722 Fixed reference error 644172 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}  '''Shirly Pinto''' ( Hebrew ; amuru 15 Maachị 1989) bu onye omebe iwu ndoro- [[Enweghị ike ịnụ ihe|ndoro]] ochichi ndi ogbi nke Israel, onye jere ozi dika onye otu Knesset for National Unity . Pinto na-asụ asụsụ ogbi nke Israel nke ọma yana Hibru, ọ bụkwa otu n'ime ndị malitere The Israeli Center for Deaf Studies [ ọ ] . <ref name="icds">{{Cite web|url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/new-right-announces-deaf-rights-activist-as-first-ever-deaf-knesset-candidate|title=New Right announces deaf rights activist as first-ever deaf Knesset candidate|author=Wootliff|first=Raoul|date=8 January 2019|work=[[The Times of Israel]]|accessdate=30 December 2019}}</ref> == Akụkọ ndụ == A mụrụ Pinto nye nne na nna ntị chiri, ma zụlite na Krayot . Nne ya bụ onye ntị chiri na kpuru ìsì, yana akụkụ nke otu ihe nkiri Nalaga'at . <ref name="bio">{{Cite web|author=Shirley Pinto|date=22 December 2019|title=How to make Hanukkah accessible to a Deaf child|url=https://www.facebook.com/shirlypinto89/posts/737409023417894|accessdate=1 January 2020|work=[[Facebook]]|language=Hebrew}} [[Òtù:CS1 Hebrew-language sources (he)]]</ref> Pinto gara ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị Carmel Zvulun dị na Kibbutz Yagur, <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://carmel.tik-tak.net|title=Beit Hinuch Carmel Zvulun, Kibbutz Yagur|work=carmel.tik-tak.net|language=Hebrew|accessdate=30 December 2019}}</ref> na-ahọpụta ịmụ ihe eserese na sayensị mmekọrịta . Ọ nwetara diplọma matriculation zuru oke, na-agụsị akwụkwọ na nsọpụrụ. Pinto nọrọ ọtụtụ oge nwata ya na nne na nna nne a, yana nne na nna ya bịanyere aka na ya. N'ụzọ dị otú a, ọ nwetara ihe ọmụma zuru ezu nke asụsụ abụọ, asụsụ ogbi nke Israel n'akụkụ asụsụ Hibru, nke nyere ya ike mmetụta uche na ùgwù onwe onye n'etiti ụwa abụọ ahụ. Kemgbe ọ bụ nwata, ọ hụla ihe isi ike na enweghị ohere mmụta asụsụ na nne na nna ya, bụ ndị na-anagide ndị ọchịchị na ọha na eze kwa ụbọchị. Ndụ Pinto bụkwa ọgụ na mgba kwa ụbọchị n'ihi enweghị mmata na ọha. Mgbe o tolitere, o kpebiri itinye ndụ ya n'ịgbanwe eziokwu a nke ndị ogbi na ndị na-anụ ihe siri ike. Mgbe Pinto dị afọ 18, n'agbanyeghị na a gụpụrụ ya n'ọrụ agha nke mmanye, Pinto debanyere aha na ndị agha nchekwa Israel . Ọ jere ozi na Israel Air Force Technical Corps. Mgbe ọrụ afọ abụọ mbụ gasịrị, Pinto gara n'ihu dị ka onye ọrụ ọrụ, na 2009 ọ nwetara nrite pụtara ìhè site n'aka ọchịagha Air Force na Onye isi ala Shimon Peres nabatara ya maka ọrụ ya pụrụ iche. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Shirley Pinto|url=https://www.facebook.com/shirlypinto89/posts/348084939402881|title=Pictured: At the President's Award of Merit, Independence Day 2009|work=Facebook|language=Hebrew|date=12 August 2019|accessdate=30 December 2019}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|author=Haggai Huberman|url=https://www.calameo.com/read/002627047c6ad2c0d7099|title=הקול של בעלי המוגבלויות|language=Hebrew|publisher=[[w:he:מצב הרוח|מצב הרוח]]|pages=26–27|date=14 February 2020|accessdate=15 February 2020}}</ref> Na 2011 Pinto debara aha maka nzere iwu na Netanya Academic College wee sonye na mmemme kacha mma nke kọleji. N'oge ọmụmụ ya, o sonye na ndị nnọchiteanya na International Labour Organisation na [[Mba Ndị Dị n'Otu|United Nations]] na Geneva . N'afọ 2013, ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye ọka iwu maka Onyeikpe Benjamin Arnon n'Ụlọikpe Mpaghara nke Israel. Na 2014 ọ interned maka Member nke Knesset Karin Elharar, ijikwa iwu, ọha na-arịọ arịrịọ na idepụta atumatu iji nyere ndị nwere nkwarụ aka. == Mgbati ọha == [[Usòrò:Reuven_Rivlin_in_a_meeting_of_«Leadership_and_Disability»,_January_2018_(2641).jpg|thumb| A na-akwado Shirley Pinto (nke na-eguzo nke asaa) na Ụlọ Onye isi ala Israel na nzuko pụrụ iche nke "Nduzi na Nkwarụ", bụ nke gosipụtara nyocha na nyocha nke àgwà ọha na eze maka idu ndú nke ndị nwere nkwarụ, January 2018.]] N'afọ 2014 Pinto sonyeere "Shema for Education and Rehabilitation of Children and Youth", <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.shema.org.il|title=Shema|work=shema.org.il|language=Hebrew|accessdate=2 January 2020}}</ref> ebe e mechara were ya dị ka onye nkuzi na onye nhazi ọrụ agụmakwụkwọ nkịtị . Mgbe e mesịrị, a họpụtara ya dị ka onye njikwa nke mpaghara Gush Dan club. Na May 2015, Pinto butere ndị nnọchiteanya Israel na [[Ndia|India]], maka enyemaka na ndụmọdụ gbasara iwu maka ụmụaka na ndị ntorobịa ntị chiri na Indore . N'afọ 2016, o hiwere the Israeli Center for the Deaf Studies [ ya ] ya na ndị ogbi ntọala ndị ọzọ. Ebumnuche ya bụ ịkwalite ọkwa nke ndị ogbi na ndị na-anụ ihe na-asụ asụsụ ogbi ; ịmata nha nhata nke asụsụ ogbi na asụsụ asụ; na ime ka amata na ọ dị mkpa ka ndị ntị chiri bụrụ ndị ọha na eze nabata ma nabata ya. Pinto duuru mgbasa ozi ọha na eze "A na m abịanye aka na m nhata" maka ịgbanwe nsụhọ nke mkpa asụsụ ogbi dị n'ihu ọha, yana maka ịkwalite iwu nke Asụsụ ogbi nke Israel dị ka asụsụ a ma ama na Israel. N'ime mkpọsa a, o duuru izu mmata nke ndị ntị chiri, <ref>{{Cite web|author=Shirley Pinto|url=https://www.ynet.co.il/articles/0,7340,L-4857293,00.html|title=לדעת לבד מתי מגיע תורי|work=[[Ynet]]|language=Hebrew|date=20 September 2016|accessdate=16 February 2020}}</ref> n'okpuru okwu isiokwu bụ "Ana m abịanye aka, adị m mma" (okwu Hibru egwuregwu). Mgbasa ozi ahụ riri ọtụtụ narị puku, na Minista agụmakwụkwọ Naftali Bennett sonyeere. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://twitter.com/naftalibennett/status/778237297389076480|title=Bennett: "I sign, I am whole"|work=[[Twitter]]|language=Hebrew|date=20 September 2016|accessdate=16 February 2020}}</ref> Mgbe mkpọsa ahụ gasịrị, Mahadum Ben-Gurion nke Negev bụ mahadum mbụ n’Izrel ghọtara na asụsụ ndị ogbi bụ asụsụ ndị ogbi na-asụ n’Izrel. Na March 2017, mahadum ahụ kwadoro ememe nke Pinto nyere akwụkwọ ekele sitere na Center for Deaf Studies na Rivka Carmi, onyeisi oche nke mahadum, maka omume ya. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Shirley Pinto|url=https://www.facebook.com/shirley.pinto3/posts/10155138888949738|title=מדרום תגיע הבשורה|work=Facebook|language=Hebrew|date=28 March 2017|accessdate=16 February 2020}}</ref> Na 2017, Pinto malitere ụgwọ iji mee ọkwa ọkwa ọha na eze na telivishọn n'asụsụ ogbi, nke MK Issawi Frej na MK Eitan Cabel na-eduzi. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Economic Committee|url=http://m.knesset.gov.il/Activity/committees/Economics/News/pages/pr_2507161.aspx|title=בקרוב: גם בפרסומות בטלוויזיה יופיעו כתוביות לטובת לקויי שמיעה|work=[[Knesset]]|language=Hebrew|date=25 July 2016|accessdate=16 February 2020}}</ref> Mgbe afọ ahụ gasịrị, na nkwado ya na Ruderman Family Foundation, Pinto haziri nzukọ na [[Academy Awards|Academy Award]] na-emeri onye na-eme ihe nkiri Marlee Matlin na obodo ndị ntị chiri na ndị na-anụ ihe na Israel. Ihe karịrị mmadụ 300 bịara mmemme ahụ, nke a kwadoro na Tel Aviv Cinematheque . <ref>{{Cite web|author=Jerusalem Post staff|url=https://www.jpost.com/Diaspora/Oscar-winner-Marlee-Matlin-to-receive-prestigious-award-in-Israel-494140|title=Oscar winner Marlee Matlin to receive prestigious award in Israel|work=[[The Jerusalem Post]]|date=28 May 2017|accessdate=19 February 2020}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|author=Yaakov Schwartz|url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/actress-marlee-matlin-teaches-tolerance-and-how-to-sign-tel-aviv-during-israel-tour|title=Actress Marlee Matlin teaches tolerance – and how to sign 'Tel Aviv' – during Israel tour|work=The Times of Israel|quote=She was further scheduled to meet with over 300 people from Israel's Deaf community.|date=22 June 2017|accessdate=19 February 2020}}</ref> N'ime ọtụtụ afọ Pinto butere ụzọ mgbasa ozi ọha maka itinye ndị ogbi nke ọma n'ime ọha. O lebarala nsogbu anya na usoro agụmakwụkwọ, <ref>{{Cite web|author=Shirley Pinto|date=6 September 2017|title=שפת הסימנים: הדרך שלנו ללמוד|url=https://www.israelhayom.co.il/opinion/502607|accessdate=22 February 2020|work=[[Israel Hayom]]|language=Hebrew}}</ref> enweghị ike ịnweta ọrụ ahụike <ref>{{Cite web|author=Revital Blumenfeld|date=19 September 2017|title="כאילו אנחנו אוויר": מאות אלפי חירשים לא זוכים למתורגמן בטיפול הרפואי|url=https://news.walla.co.il/item/3098178|accessdate=22 February 2020|work=[[Walla!]]|language=Hebrew}}</ref> na enweghị akụrụngwa ọha zuru oke. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Aviv Lavi|url=http://glz.im/EEKV|title=שנת הלימודים החלה – אולם כיתות עבור ילדים כבדי שמיעה טרם הונגשו|work=[[Army Radio]]|language=Hebrew|date=25 September 2017|accessdate=22 February 2020}}</ref> Ebe ọ bụ na 2015 Pinto na-arụ ọrụ iji mee ka njikọ dị n'etiti Israel na mba nke ụwa sikwuo ike, iji meziwanye visibiliti nke ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị ntị chiri na ndị na-anụ ihe na ọganihu nke Israel, a họpụtara ya ịnọchite anya Israel na ogbako nke World Federation. nke ndị ntị chiri na November 2017 na Budapest na [[Hungary]] . <ref>{{Cite web|author=Shirly Pinto|url=https://www.facebook.com/shirley.pinto3/posts/10155830148639738|title=WFD Conference 2017|work=Facebook|date=4 November 2017|accessdate=17 July 2021}}</ref> N'oge ogbako ahụ, Pinto mụtara maka atụmatụ zuru ụwa ọnụ iji gbochie igba nwa nwanyị ndị ogbi. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Shirly Pinto|url=https://www.facebook.com/shirley.pinto3/posts/10155842908334738|title=מסתבר שהגענו למציאות שניתן לעקר נשים חירשות ללא הסכמתן וידיעתן|work=Facebook|date=9 November 2017|accessdate=17 July 2021}}</ref> Pinto zutere Helga Stevens, nwanyị ntị chiri na onye otu nzuko omeiwu Europe, <ref>{{Cite web|author=[[European Conservatives and Reformists|ECR Group]]|url=https://www.facebook.com/ECRgroupEU/posts/1598819986824163|title=So proud of our Flemish member Helga Stevens MEP for being included in POLITICO Europe's 2017 Women Shaping Brussels list|work=Facebook|date=10 November 2017|accessdate=17 July 2021}}</ref> wee gwa ya gbasara obodo ndị ogbi na Israel megide ndị ogbi na Europe. N'okwu ya na Federation, Pinto kwuru banyere mkpa ọ dị ijikọta ndị ntị chiri na ndị na-anụ ihe na-asụ ma asụsụ ndị ogbi na ndị na-abụghị ndị ogbi dị ka otu ndị mmadụ dum. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Shirly Pinto|url=https://www.facebook.com/shirley.pinto3/posts/10155848537329738|title=הגיע הזמן לאחד בין חירשים וכבדי שמיעה דוברי שפת הסימנים ולא דוברי שפת הסימנים, כאוכלוסייה אחת שלמה|work=Facebook|date=11 November 2017|accessdate=17 July 2021}}</ref> Mgbe ọ laghachiri Israel, a gbara Pinto ajụjụ ọnụ na Channel 20 gbasara ya. Ná mmalite nke Ọktoba 2017, Pinto tụgharịrị gaa na onye nlekọta ọdịmma Haim Katz ma jụọ ya na n'oge etiti ụbọchị nke Sukkot na Ememe Ngabiga, Ụlọ Ọrụ Na-ahụ Maka Ọganihu nke ndị ogbi kwesịrị ịrụ ọrụ ekwentị. Ná mmalite nke December 2017, Katz zara Pinto na a natara arịrịọ ya nakwa na a ga-arụ ọrụ ahụ na-adabere na ụbọchị ọrụ dị mkpirikpi. Na 5 Disemba 2017, Pinto gwara Kọmitii Sayensị na Nkà na ụzụ Knesset na ndị ahịa ntị chiri na ndị na-anụ ihe anaghị anụ aha ha na ọkwa ahụ mgbe ha nyechara nri ọrụ onwe ha, ma tụọ aro na azụmahịa ahụ ga-agbazinye ha akara na-ama jijiji nke ga-eme ka ha nwee ike ịgbanye ha. a ga-adọta mgbe usoro ha dị njikere. <ref>{{Cite web|author=The fourth session of the 20th Knesset|url=http://fs.knesset.gov.il/20/Committees/20_ptv_395364.doc|title=פרוטוקול מס' 146 מישיבת ועדת המדע והטכנולוגיה|work=[[Knesset]]|date=5 December 2017|accessdate=19 July 2021|pages=35–36}}</ref> Na 3 Jenụwarị 2018, Pinto, kọmitii na-ahụ maka njikwa steeti na Knesset nke Shelly Yachimovich na-eduzi, kwuru na awa 45 nke ntụgharị kwa afọ ezughị maka ndị lanarịrị Oké Mgbukpọ ahụ ogbi, ndị kwesịrị ịga ụlọ ọgwụ na ndị dọkịta na-eto eto.[18] === Ajụjụ ọnụ iji kwalite njikọta nke ndị ntị chiri na ndị ike ịnụ ihe === Pinto gbara ajụjụ ọnụ[19] [20] nkuzi nke ụmụ akwụkwọ ntị chiri na ụlọ akwụkwọ ndị na-adịghị anụ ntị jikọtara ọnụ na klaasị jikọtara ọnụ, na-enweghị ohere ọ bụla jikọtara ọnụ, [21] na ndị nkuzi klaasị jikọtara ọnụ na-enweta ihe ọmụma nke asụsụ ogbi Israel nke nwere naanị awa 36. Pinto dekwara kọlụm gbasara ya na ''Israel Taa'' .[22] Na mmeghe nke izu ngosi maka ndị ntị chiri, na 10 September 2017, o kwuru banyere ọrụ ya dị ka otu onye na-arụ ọrụ ogbi na mba ahụ dum na ụlọ ọrụ iwu, nke ndị ọkàiwu ogbi bụ ndị na-arụ ọrụ onwe ha n'ihi enweghị ike ịbanye na iwu. ụlọ ọrụ, na nke mkpa maka ịnweta ọrụ na ọrụ ahụike.[23] N'ịgbaso mkpughe nke iyi egwu mmekọahụ nke Harvey Weinstein, Pinto kwuru na ihe isi ike nke nwanyị ntị chiri na mmegide mmekọahụ bụ okpukpu abụọ, ma nwanyị ma nwanyị ntị chiri, bụ onye a na-amanye ka ya na ndị ọrụ ọkachamara na-ekwurịta okwu na isiokwu ahụ. Nkwubi okwu Pinto bụ na achọrọ otu njikwa asụsụ ogbi, ọkachamma maka ndị ọkachamara ntị chiri.[24] Na 12 Julaị 2021, Pinto kwuru okwu mbụ ya na Knesset plenum. <ref>{{Cite web|author=[[Naftali Bennett]]|url=https://www.facebook.com/NaftaliBennett/posts/4310693158952319|title=MK Shirley Pinto Kadosh made history with the first-ever speech in sign language in the Knesset|work=Facebook|date=13 July 2021|accessdate=14 July 2021|publisher=with Hebrew and English subtitles}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|author=Moti Karpel|url=https://www.facebook.com/100005601404035/posts/1647024528827578|title=אזרחי ישראל זכו השבוע לרגע אחד של חסד מנבחרי הציבור שלהם|work=Facebook|date=15 July 2021|accessdate=16 July 2021|language=he}}</ref> Pinto kwuputara na 3 Ọgọst 2022 na ọ gaghị esonyere mmụọ Zionist (njikota nke Yamina na Derekh Eretz ) n'ihu ntuli aka ndị omebe iwu nke Israel 2022 . <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/yamina-mk-pinto-senior-official-reject-joining-shakeds-zionist-spirit/|title=Yamina MK Pinto, senior official reject joining Shaked's Zionist Spirit|work=[[The Times of Israel]]|author=Ash Obel|date=3 August 2022|accessdate=3 August 2022}}</ref> Ọ sonyela na ndepụta ntuli aka nke National Unity Party na 22 Ọgọst. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.jpost.com/breaking-news/article-715277|title=Israel Elections: Shirly Pinto leaves Zionist Spirit for Gantz's National Unity|work=[[The Jerusalem Post]]|date=22 August 2022|accessdate=23 August 2022}}</ref> == Ndụ onwe onye == Pinto bi na Ramat Gan wee lụọ Michael Kadosh, onye egwuregwu na mba Futsal nke Israel na onye ọrụ dịka onye injinia na nkwukọrịta na Israel. Ha nwere otu nwa nwoke na otu nwa nwanyị. <ref name="bio" /> == Hụkwa == * Omenala nti chiri == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * Official website (in Hebrew) * [https://main.knesset.gov.il/en/MK/APPS/mk/mk-personal-details/1078 Shirley Pinto Kadosh] on the Knesset website * Shirly Pinto on Facebook [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] o5i6nl4yfum8u0tpalcn21433ww5ceh 0 45423 644024 199855 2026-05-30T13:59:59Z Iwuala chisom 17246 Fixed reference errors 644024 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Suleika Jaouad''' ({{IPAc-en|s|uː|ˈ|l|eɪ|k|ə|_|dʒ|ə|ˈ|w|ɑː|d}} {{respell|soo|LAY|kə jə|WAHD}};<ref name="Between Two Kingdoms"/> {{lang-ar|سليكة جواد}}) is an American writer, advocate, and motivational speaker.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.adweek.com/fishbowlny/suleika-jaoud-life-interrupted-new-york-times-cancer-emmy/98246|title=Suleika Jaouad's Life Joyfully Interrupted by Emmy Awards|work=Adweek|date=October 3, 2013|accessdate=April 3, 2022|author=Horgan|first=Richard|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150530094035/http://www.adweek.com/fishbowlny/suleika-jaoud-life-interrupted-new-york-times-cancer-emmy/98246|archivedate=May 30, 2015}}</ref> She is the author of the "Life, Interrupted" column in ''The New York Times'' and has also written for ''Vogue, Glamour'', NPR's ''All Things Considered'' and ''Women's Health''. Her 2021 memoir ''Between Two Kingdoms'' was a <nowiki><i id="mwHw">New York Times</i></nowiki> Best Seller. Mgbe a chọpụtara na Jaouad nwere ụdị ọrịa leukemia na-adịghị ahụkebe na 2011, ndị dọkịta kwuru na o nwere naanị ohere 35% nke ịdị ndụ.<ref name=":0"/> Ọ lanarịrị ma dee ma kwuo ọtụtụ ihe banyere ahụmịhe ahụike ya. Akụkụ nke meriri Emmy Award, "Life, Interrupted" bụ akụkụ nke blọọgụ ''New York Times'' Well.<ref>{{Cite web|title=AAMC 2014: 'Life, Interrupted' author Suleika Jaouad gives a voice to oncology tweens|url=https://uofuhealth.utah.edu/innovation/blog/2014/11/suleika-jaouad%20.php|author=Albo|first=Amy|accessdate=August 28, 2022|work=University of Utah UHealth|language=en|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180112184625/https://uofuhealth.utah.edu/innovation/blog/2014/11/suleika-jaouad%20.php|archivedate=January 12, 2018}}</ref> N'ọnwa Disemba 2021, Jaouad kwupụtara na ọrịa kansa ya alọghachila nakwa na a gbatịala ọkpụkpụ nke abụọ.<ref name="second_time_around"/> == Ndụ onwe onye == A mụrụ Jaouad na New York City n'aka nna onye Alakụba si [[Tunisia]] na nne onye Katọlik si [[Switzerland]].<ref name="website">{{Cite web|url=https://www.suleikajaouad.com/about|title=About Suleika Jaouad|author=<!--Not stated-->|date=2022|work=suleikajaouad.com|accessdate=November 2, 2022}}</ref> Nna ya, Hédi, kụziri French na Skidmore College na Saratoga Springs, New York. Nne ya, Anne, bụ onye na-ese ihe.<ref name="Between Two Kingdoms">{{Cite book|author=Jaouad|first=Suleika|title=Between Two Kingdoms|date=2021|publisher=[[Random House]]|isbn=978-0-399-58858-7|location=New York|edition=1st|oclc=1105148693}}<cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFJaouad2021">Jaouad, Suleika (2021). ''Between Two Kingdoms'' (1st&nbsp;ed.). New York: [[Ụlọ Na-enweghị Isi|Random House]]. [[ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Ihe pụrụ iche:BookSources/978-0-399-58858-7|<bdi>978-0-399-58858-7</bdi>]]. [[LCCN (ihe njirimara)|LCCN]]&nbsp;[https://lccn.loc.gov/2021-289350 2021-289350]. [[OCLC (ihe njirimara)|OCLC]]&nbsp;[https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1105148693 1105148693].</cite></ref>: 36-38 Ọ gara Juilliard School's pre-college program, ebe ọ gụrụ bass abụọ. [1]<ref name="website" /> Ọ gara Mahadum Princeton ebe ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ na Near Eastern na okpukpu abụọ na [[Asụsụ French|French]] na ọmụmụ nwoke na nwanyị ma gụsịrị akwụkwọ na nkwanye ùgwù kachasị elu na 2010 na BA, wee nweta MFA na Bennington College na edemede na akwụkwọ na 2020. <ref name="website"/>Jaouad na-agagharị na US na-akụzi edemede na ahụike ma na-ekwu okwu na ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị, mahadum, ụlọ ọgwụ, ụlọ ọrụ, ndị na-anakọta ego na ihe omume ọkachamara. E gosipụtara Jaouad na NPR's Talk of the Nation, NBC's Weekend Today, CBS News, The Paris Review, ''Los Angeles Times'' na Darling magazine, n'etiti ndị ọzọ.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.npr.org/2013/06/12/191028685/life-resumes-looking-ahead-with-suleika-jaouad|title=Life Resumes: Looking Ahead With Suleika Jaouad|work=NPR.org|language=en|accessdate=2019-07-01}}</ref> E wepụtara Okwu TED ya nke akpọrọ "Ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ nwụọ kụziiri m banyere ndụ" na June 2019.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ted.com/talks/suleika_jaouad_what_almost_dying_taught_me_about_living|title=What almost dying taught me about living|author=Jaouad|first=Suleika|date=April 2019|publisher=[[TED (conference)|TED]]|language=en|accessdate=2019-07-01}}</ref> Jaouad lụrụ onye egwu Jon Batiste, onye ya na ya nwere mmekọrịta kemgbe afọ 2014. <ref name="Between Two Kingdoms">{{Cite book|author=Jaouad|first=Suleika|title=Between Two Kingdoms|date=2021|publisher=[[Random House]]|isbn=978-0-399-58858-7|location=New York|edition=1st|oclc=1105148693}}<cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFJaouad2021">Jaouad, Suleika (2021). ''Between Two Kingdoms'' (1st&nbsp;ed.). New York: [[Ụlọ Na-enweghị Isi|Random House]]. [[ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Ihe pụrụ iche:BookSources/978-0-399-58858-7|<bdi>978-0-399-58858-7</bdi>]]. [[LCCN (ihe njirimara)|LCCN]]&nbsp;[https://lccn.loc.gov/2021-289350 2021-289350]. [[OCLC (ihe njirimara)|OCLC]]&nbsp;[https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1105148693 1105148693].</cite></ref> Jaouad na Batiste zutere mgbe ha dị afọ iri na ụma n'ogige ndị egwu.<ref name="life_interrupted">{{Cite news|author=Jaouad|first=Suleika|title=Life, Interrupted: The Beat Goes On|url=https://well.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/05/24/life-interrupted-the-beat-goes-on/?mtrref=t.co&gwh=2F868642EE6716F8A27A7760D3A849DB|accessdate=4 April 2022|work=New York Times|date=24 May 2012}}</ref> N'ọnwa Eprel 2022, di na nwunye ahụ kpughere n'ajụjụ ọnụ telivishọn na ha lụrụ na Febụwarị 2022.<ref name="Morgan">{{Cite news|author=Morgan|first=David|date=April 3, 2022|title=Jon Batiste, Suleika Jaouad announce they were secretly married|url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/jon-batiste-suleika-jaouad-announce-they-were-secretly-married/|work=CBS News|accessdate=April 3, 2022}}</ref> Ọrịa kansa ya laghachiri na 2021.<ref name="second_time_around">{{Cite news|author=Parker-Pope|first=Tara|title=Interrupted, Again: Suleika Jaouad on Cancer and Healing the Second Time Around|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/03/17/well/live/suleika-jaouad-life-interrupted-cancer.html|accessdate=29 August 2022|work=New York Times|date=29 March 2022}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFParker-Pope2022">Parker-Pope, Tara (March 29, 2022). [https://www.nytimes.com/2022/03/17/well/live/suleika-jaouad-life-interrupted-cancer.html "Interrupted, Again: Suleika Jaouad on Cancer and Healing the Second Time Around"]. ''New York Times''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 29,</span> 2022</span>.</cite></ref> N'afọ 2023, e gosipụtara Jaouad na ihe nkiri ''American Symphony'', nke Matthew Heineman duziri, nke na-ejide ya na-alụ ọgụ maka nloghachi nke ọrịa kansa ya mgbe onye mmekọ ya Jon Batiste na-ede symphony mbụ ya.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-reviews/american-symphony-review-matthew-heineman-1235579210/|title=American Symphony' Review: Matthew Heineman's Doc Is a Moving, Music-Filled Love Story|author=Feinberg, Dan|date=September 1, 2023|accessdate=October 1, 2023|work=hollywoodreporter.com}}</ref> == ''N'etiti Alaeze Abụọ'' ==   Between Two Kingdoms: A Memoir of a Life Interrupted bụ akwụkwọ ncheta nke Random House bipụtara na 2021 <ref name="Between Two Kingdoms">{{Cite book|author=Jaouad|first=Suleika|title=Between Two Kingdoms|date=2021|publisher=[[Random House]]|isbn=978-0-399-58858-7|location=New York|edition=1st|oclc=1105148693}}<cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFJaouad2021">Jaouad, Suleika (2021). ''Between Two Kingdoms'' (1st&nbsp;ed.). New York: [[Ụlọ Na-enweghị Isi|Random House]]. [[ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Ihe pụrụ iche:BookSources/978-0-399-58858-7|<bdi>978-0-399-58858-7</bdi>]]. [[LCCN (ihe njirimara)|LCCN]]&nbsp;[https://lccn.loc.gov/2021-289350 2021-289350]. [[OCLC (ihe njirimara)|OCLC]]&nbsp;[https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1105148693 1105148693].</cite></ref> nke na-atụle nchọpụta ọrịa kansa ya, ọgwụgwọ, na mgbake. Aha akwụkwọ ahụ sitere n'ahịrị dị na Susan Sontag's Illness as Metaphor: "Onye ọ bụla a mụrụ nwere ụmụ amaala abụọ n'alaeze nke olulu mmiri na alaeze nke ndị ọrịa. "<ref>{{Cite book|author=Sontag|first=Susan|authorlink=Susan Sontag|date=1979|title=Illness as Metaphor|url=https://archive.org/details/illnessasmetapho00sont/page/n9/mode/2up|location=New York|publisher=Vintage Books|edition=First Vintage Books|isbn=9780394728445|oclc=4493850}}</ref> N'ime akwụkwọ ahụ, Jaouad laghachiri na ndụ ya tupu na mgbe nchọpụta kansa ya gasịrị "iji mepụta ụzọ gaa n'ihu mgbe ọ gbakere. N'ịdọrọ akwụkwọ akụkọ, ndekọ ahụike, akwụkwọ ozi, ozi ịntanetị na ajụjụ ọnụ na ọtụtụ n'ime ndị na-apụta na ibe ya, akwụkwọ ncheta Jaouad na-akọwapụta mgbaàmà mbụ ya, nchọpụta mbụ ya na mgbe ahụ, n'ụzọ zuru ezu, ọrịa kansa anụ ahụ, nke uche na nke mmetụta uche na-eburu ya. " <ref name=":1"/> Ndị nkatọ nabatara akwụkwọ ahụ nke ọma, gụnyere nyocha kpakpando site na Booklist, <ref name=":2"/> Library Journal, <ref name=":3"/>na Publishers Weekly. <ref name=":4"/> N'ide maka Library Journal, Barrie Olmstead dere, "Jaouad na-arụ ọrụ mara mma nke ide ihe site n'ebe a nke 'nwa amaala abụọ,' ebe ọ na-ahụ ihe mgbu kamakwa ọṅụ, ikwu, na ohere. " <ref name=":3">{{Cite web|author=Olmstead|first=Barrie|date=2021-02-01|title=Between Two Kingdoms|url=https://www.libraryjournal.com/review/between-two-kingdoms|accessdate=2022-07-23|work=Library Journal}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFOlmstead2021">Olmstead, Barrie (February 1, 2021). [https://www.libraryjournal.com/review/between-two-kingdoms "Between Two Kingdoms"]. ''Library Journal''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 23,</span> 2022</span>.</cite></ref> Publishers Weekly kpọrọ akwụkwọ ahụ "akwụkwọ ncheta dị egwu, nke a rụrụ nke ọma ma sie ike itinye, " <ref name=":4">{{Cite web|date=|title=Between Two Kingdoms: A Memoir of a Life Interrupted by Suleika Jaouad|url=https://www.publishersweekly.com/9780399588587|accessdate=2022-07-23|work=Publishers Weekly}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://www.publishersweekly.com/9780399588587 "Between Two Kingdoms: A Memoir of a Life Interrupted by Suleika Jaouad"]. ''Publishers Weekly''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 23,</span> 2022</span>.</cite></ref> ebe Booklist's June Sawyer kwuru na ọ bụ "[n'ozuzu ya na nke a ga-echefu echefu n'ezie".[b]<ref name=":2">{{Cite book|author=Sawyers|first=June|date=2020-12-15|title=Between Two Kingdoms: A Memoir of a Life Interrupted|url=https://www.booklistonline.com/Between-Two-Kingdoms-A-Memoir-of-a-Life-Interrupted-/pid=9740961|accessdate=2022-07-23}}<cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFSawyers2020">Sawyers, June (December 15, 2020). [https://www.booklistonline.com/Between-Two-Kingdoms-A-Memoir-of-a-Life-Interrupted-/pid=9740961 ''Between Two Kingdoms: A Memoir of a Life Interrupted'']<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 23,</span> 2022</span> &#x2013; via Booklist.</cite></ref> Between Two Kingdoms nwetakwara nyocha dị mma site na Kirkus Reviews, ''Los Angeles Times'', ''NPR'', na Shelf Awareness. Kirkus Reviews kpọrọ akwụkwọ ahụ "[m]emorable, lyrical, and end-evere hope: a book that speaks to anyone who was sickness and loss. " <ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-12-15|title=Between Two Kingdoms|url=https://www.kirkusreviews.com/book-reviews/suleika-jaouad/between-two-kingdoms/|accessdate=2022-07-23|work=Kirkus Reviews}}</ref> Dị ka NPR Heller McAlpin si kwuo, "Akwụkwọ Jaouad pụtara ìhè ọ bụghị naanị n'ihi na ọ dị ndụ iji kọwaa saga nke agha ahụike ya na uru nke n'ileghachi anya azụ, kamakwa n'ihi ihe ọ na-amaghị nke ihe ọ dị ka ị ga-adị ndụ na ịchọpụta otú ị ga-esi dịrị ndụ ọzọ. " <ref name=":0">{{Cite news|author=McAlpin|first=Heller|date=2021-02-09|title='Between Two Kingdoms' Tells A Story Of Survival — And Of A Journey To Learn To Live|language=en|work=NPR|url=https://www.npr.org/2021/02/09/965693636/between-two-kingdoms-tells-a-story-of-survival-and-of-a-journey-to-learn-to-live|accessdate=2022-07-23}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFMcAlpin2021">McAlpin, Heller (February 9, 2021). [https://www.npr.org/2021/02/09/965693636/between-two-kingdoms-tells-a-story-of-survival-and-of-a-journey-to-learn-to-live "'Between Two Kingdoms' Tells A Story Of Survival — And Of A Journey To Learn To Live"]. ''NPR''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 23,</span> 2022</span>.</cite></ref> Shelf Awareness kọwara.<blockquote>Ọ bụ ezie na ọ dị arọ, akụkọ Jaouad jupụtara na nchekwube na-enweghị isi. Nke a bụ n'otu akụkụ n'ihi na ndị na-agụ akwụkwọ maara na Jaouad ga-adị ndụ iji dee akwụkwọ a, mana ọ bụkwa ihe akaebe maka ihe na-eme ka Between Two Kingdoms bụrụ ihe na-adọrọ mmasị: ikike dị egwu nke Jaouad iru ihe mgbu ya ma gbanwee ya ka ọ bụrụ ihe ọzọ. Ọ naghị agọnahụ ma ọ bụ na-agbagha ihe ịma aka nke nchọpụta ya ma ọ bụ mmekpa ahụ na-egbu mgbu nke ụfọdụ n'ime ọgwụgwọ ya, ma ọ na-eche ụzọ afọ ndị a na-agaghị ekwe omume nke ndụ ya si mee ka ọ bụrụ nwanyị ọ ghọrọ.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|date=2021-02-19|title=Between Two Kingdoms: A Memoir of a Life Interrupted|url=https://www.shelf-awareness.com/readers-issue.html?issue=997|accessdate=2022-07-23|work=Shelf Awareness}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://www.shelf-awareness.com/readers-issue.html?issue=997 "Between Two Kingdoms: A Memoir of a Life Interrupted"]. ''Shelf Awareness''. February 19, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 23,</span> 2022</span>.</cite></ref></blockquote>The ''Los Angeles Times'' jara Jaouad mma maka ịkwụwa aka ọtọ, na-ekwu na ọ bụ isi ihe dị n'akwụkwọ ahụ.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Ulin|first=David L.|date=2021-02-15|title=Review: A survivor's memoir on sickness and health — 'we are all terminal patients on this earth'|url=https://www.latimes.com/entertainment-arts/books/story/2021-02-15/review-between-two-kingdoms-suleika-jaouad-cancer-memoir|accessdate=2022-07-23|work=Los Angeles Times|language=en-US}}</ref> Booklist nyekwara nyocha dị mma maka akwụkwọ ahụ, na-ekwu, "Jaouad, na-agụ ọrụ nke ya, bụ onye na-akọ akụkọ ọmịiko ma na-adọrọ mmasị. Ọ bụ ezie na ọ na-akọwa akụkọ siri ike ma na-egbu mgbu, ụda echiche ya anaghị adaba na iwe ma ọ bụ obi ilu. Kama nke ahụ, ọ na-eji ndidi akọwa isiokwu siri ike, naanị na-agbakwunye nkwubi na mkparịta ụka iji gosipụta ọdịdị mgbagwoju anya nke isiokwu ha. <ref>{{Cite book|author=Philbrick|first=Jane|date=2021-04-01|title=Between Two Kingdoms: A Memoir of a Life Interrupted|url=https://www.booklistonline.com/Between-Two-Kingdoms-A-Memoir-of-a-Life-Interrupted-/pid=9745430|accessdate=2022-07-23}}</ref> == Onyinye == {| class="wikitable sortable" !Afọ !Ihe nrite !Nsonaazụ !Ihe mgbochi. |- |2021 |Goodreads Choice Award maka Memoir & Autobiography |Onye a họpụtara |<ref>{{Cite web|title=Between Two Kingdoms: A Memoir of a Life Interrupted|url=https://www.goodreads.com/work/62275027-between-two-kingdoms-a-memoir-of-a-life-interrupted|accessdate=2022-07-23|work=Goodreads|language=en}}</ref> |- |2021 |Nhọrọ ndị editọ: Akwụkwọ ndị okenye |Nhọrọ |<ref>{{Cite book|date=2022-01-01|title=Booklist Editors' Choice: Adult Books, 2021|url=https://www.booklistonline.com/Booklist-Editors-Choice/pid=9757866|accessdate=2022-07-23}}</ref> |- |2021 |Akwụkwọ Ndepụta Ihe Mere Eme nke 2021 |Top 10 |<ref>{{Cite book|author=Seaman|first=Donna|date=2021-06-01|title=Top 10 Memoirs: 2021|url=https://www.booklistonline.com/ProductInfo.aspx?pid=9749361|accessdate=2022-07-23}}</ref> |} == Edensibia == [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] == Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ == A mụrụ Jaouad na obodo a na akpọ New York City n'ụlọ nna ya na ekpe Alakụba si [[Tunisia]] na nne onye Katọlik si [[Switzerland]].<ref name="website">{{Cite web|url=https://www.suleikajaouad.com/about|title=About Suleika Jaouad|author=<!--Not stated-->|date=2022|work=suleikajaouad.com|accessdate=November 2, 2022}}</ref> Nna ya, Hédi, kụziri French na [https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skidmore_College Skidmore College] na Saratoga Springs, New York. Nne ya, Anne, bụ onye na-ese ihe.<ref name="Between Two Kingdoms"/>: 36-38 Ọ gara Juilliard School mme pre-college program, ebe ọ gụrụ ihe ndi beeke kpọrọ Double bass. <ref name="website" /> Ọ gara Mahadum Princeton ebe ọ gụrụ isi akwụkwọ na ebe ana akpọ [[:en:_Near_Eastern_Studies|Near Eastern Studies]] ma nweta kwa ihe mmụta abụọ nta na [[Asụsụ French|French]] na Ọmụmụ okike, ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na nkwanye ùgwù kachasị elu na 2010 na [[:en:_Bachelors_of_Arts|AB]], wee nweta MFA na [[:en:Bennington_College|Bennington College]] na edemede na akwụkwọ na 2020. <ref name="website">{{Cite web|url=https://www.suleikajaouad.com/about|title=About Suleika Jaouad|author=<!--Not stated-->|date=2022|work=suleikajaouad.com|accessdate=November 2, 2022}}</ref> Jaouad na-agagharị na US na-akụzi edemede na ahụike ma na-ekwu okwu na ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị, mahadum, ụlọ ọgwụ, ụlọ ọrụ, ndị na-anakọta ego na ihe omume ọkachamara. E gosipụtala Jaouad na okwu di iche-iche ndi akpọrọ NPR [[:en:Talk_of_the_Nation|Talk of the Nation]], NBC's Weekend Today, [[:en:CBS_News|CBS News]], [[:en:The_Paris_Review|The Paris Review]], ''Los Angeles Times'' na [[:en:Darling_magazine|Darling magazine]], yana ndị ọzọ.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.npr.org/2013/06/12/191028685/life-resumes-looking-ahead-with-suleika-jaouad|title=Life Resumes: Looking Ahead With Suleika Jaouad|work=NPR.org|language=en|accessdate=2019-07-01}}</ref> E wepụtara Okwu TED Talk ya nke akpọrọ "What almost dying taught me about living" na onwa June 2019.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ted.com/talks/suleika_jaouad_what_almost_dying_taught_me_about_living|title=What almost dying taught me about living|author=Jaouad|first=Suleika|date=April 2019|publisher=[[TED (conference)|TED]]|language=en|accessdate=2019-07-01}}</ref> 1b24y97r2o29hkgnrhu8o03ufb7mx4r 0 45487 644261 168074 2026-05-30T19:53:38Z Geraldine Kene 23189 Fixed reference error 644261 wikitext text/x-wiki   {{Databox}}'''Z''' (nke a na-akpọkarị '''_Z_''' ) bụ ''aha'' onye na-ese foto ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Tunisia na-amaghị aha na onye na-akwado ịntanetị bụ onye ihe nkiri na-atọ ọchị na ihe odide ya pụtara na blọgụ ịntanetị ya ''bụ DébaTunisie'', nke o wepụtara na 2007, ma lekwasị anya na gọọmentị Zine El Abidine Ben. Ali na ndị ọchịchị sochiri mgbanwe mgbanwe Tunisian nke 2011. == Akụkọ ihe mere eme == Z, onye na-ese ụkpụrụ ụlọ, malitere blọgụ ya na Ọgọst 28, 2007. O buru ụzọ malite ịkatọ ọrụ mmepe gọọmentị na isi obodo Tunisia, Tunis, na eziokwu ahụ bụ na ndị bi na ya enweghị ihe ọ bụla n'okwu a. Z kwenyere na atụmatụ gọọmentị na-eyi ebe obibi nke ndị obodo flamingo egwu egwu. Flamingo pink mbinye aka mechara bụrụ mascot blọọgụ ya, wee pụta n'ọtụtụ eserese ya n'ọdịnihu. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.greenprophet.com/2012/07/z-the-anonymous-tunisian-cartoonist-championing-nature/|title=Z: The Anonymous Tunisian Cartoonist Championing Nature|publisher=Green Prophet|date=22 July 2012|accessdate=20 June 2017|author=Aburawa, Arwa}}</ref> Na 2008, ọ malitere ikesa eserese eserese na ''DébaTunisie'' . Otu n'ime ihe osise mbụ ya bụ otu n'ime obere ngosipụta nke otu flamingos pink na-emegide ọrụ gọọmentị. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/video/2012/jul/19/tunisian-cartoonist-z-ben-ali-video|title=Tunisian cartoonist Z: 'My hatred for Ben Ali made me free' - video|publisher=The Guardian|work=Samar Media|date=19 July 2012|accessdate=20 June 2017}}</ref> Cartoon mbụ ya nke gosipụtara onye isi ala nke mba ahụ, Zine El Abidine Ben Ali, ka ebisara na March 2009, n'ihu ntuli aka onye isi ala na-abịa n'otu afọ ahụ, nke na-egosi ndị ikom nọ n'otu ụlọ alakụba na-ehulata n'akụkụ ihe osise nke Ben Ali kama ịnọ Mecca. . <ref name="PRI">{{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YoVC8wdbbTc|title=The Mark of _Z_, a Tunisian satirist who's still under cover|publisher=Public Radio International (via YouTube)|date=13 December 2013|accessdate=20 June 2017}}</ref> Gọọmenti hụrụ ihe ọ na-eme n'ịntanetị na Ọktoba 2009 ka o sere ihe nkiri akpọrọ "La Comédie électorale", ụbọchị abụọ na-esote ntuli aka Ben Ali. Otu ọnwa ka e mesịrị, ndị ọchịchị nwụchiri ma mesịa tọhapụ onye na-ede blọgụ n'ịntanetị na prọfesọ mahadum aha ya bụ Fatma Riahi, na-eche na ọ bụ Z, onye blọgụ ha nwararị imechi. <ref name="PRI" /> <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/babylonbeyond/2009/11/tunisia-blogger-fatma-riahi-arrested-held-incommunicado.html|title=Tunisia: Online activists rally to free fellow blogger Fatma Riahi|work=Los Angeles Times|date=6 November 2009|accessdate=22 June 2017|author=Lutz, Meris}}</ref> === Mgbanwe mgbanwe === N'ime ụbọchị na ọnwa ndị na-esote nrịtu nke Ben Ali na January 14, 2011, Z tinyere usoro eserese banyere nchekwube ya maka Tunisia nke ndị na-elekọta mmadụ na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nke mba ahụ, karịsịa ndị secularists na Islamists, ga-ebikọ ọnụ n'udo. <ref name="PRI" /> <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.lemonde.fr/tunisie/portfolio/2011/01/19/en-tunisie-la-caricature-comme-arme-politique_1467466_1466522.html|title=En Tunisie, la caricature comme arme politique|work=Le Monde|date=19 January 2011|accessdate=20 June 2017}}</ref> Otú ọ dị, ọ họọrọ ka ọ bụrụ onye a na-amaghị aha, na-ekwere na "ọ dịghị ihe gbanwere n'ezie" n'ihe gbasara okwu nyocha nke Tunisia. <ref name="Libération">{{Cite news|url=http://www.liberation.fr/planete/2014/01/31/z-la-tunisie-ni-mauve-ni-bleue_976913|title=Z, la Tunisie ni mauve ni bleue|work=Libération|date=31 January 2014|accessdate=21 June 2017|author=Auffray, Elodie}}</ref> <ref name="Obs">{{Cite web|url=http://tempsreel.nouvelobs.com/rue89/rue89-tunisie/20120827.RUE2056/le-caricaturiste-tunisien-z-rien-n-a-vraiment-change.html|title=Le caricaturiste tunisien _Z_ : " Rien n'a vraiment changé "|publisher=Le Nouvel Observateur|date=27 August 2012|accessdate=21 June 2017|author=Abrougi, Afef}}</ref> N'ịgbaso ntuli aka mbụ n'efu nke Tunisia kemgbe Ben Ali kwaturu, nke hụrụ na Islamist Ennahda Movement meriri ọtụtụ oche, Z dọtara nkatọ sitere n'aka ndị Islamists na ndị na-eso ụzọ ịntanetị n'ihi ụfọdụ ihe nkiri ndị a ghọtara dị ka mkparị nye Islam. N'August 7, 2012, o dere na blọọgụ ya: "O doro anya na n'oge na-adịghị anya a ga-ewere m dị ka onye iwu na-akwadoghị oge Constituency kwadoro iwu mgbochi nkwulu." <ref name="Obs">{{Cite web|url=http://tempsreel.nouvelobs.com/rue89/rue89-tunisie/20120827.RUE2056/le-caricaturiste-tunisien-z-rien-n-a-vraiment-change.html|title=Le caricaturiste tunisien _Z_ : " Rien n'a vraiment changé "|publisher=Le Nouvel Observateur|date=27 August 2012|accessdate=21 June 2017|author=Abrougi, Afef}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFAbrougi,_Afef2012">Abrougi, Afef (27 August 2012). [http://tempsreel.nouvelobs.com/rue89/rue89-tunisie/20120827.RUE2056/le-caricaturiste-tunisien-z-rien-n-a-vraiment-change.html "Le caricaturiste tunisien _Z_ : " Rien n'a vraiment changé ""]. Le Nouvel Observateur<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 June</span> 2017</span>.</cite></ref> == Ụdị == Otu n'ime isiokwu ndị a ma ama na ihe odide na ihe nkiri Z bụ " mauves ", [n 1] ndị na-akwado ọchịchị Ben Ali, onye ọ na-akpọ "Zaba" (acronym of his full name). Ọ na-ezo aka na Islamists dị ka " bleus ", ndị nọ n'okpuru nduzi nke "Zaballah", egwuregwu na okwu merging Zaba (mkpịrịsị nke Zine el Abidine Ben Ali) na " Allah ". Ihe ọzọ na-eme ugboro ugboro na eserese ya bụ ezinụlọ " Ben Simpsons ", na-anọchite anya bourgeoisie nke Tunisia na-ewu ewu nke na-atụ egwu na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị obodo. <ref name="Libération">{{Cite news|url=http://www.liberation.fr/planete/2014/01/31/z-la-tunisie-ni-mauve-ni-bleue_976913|title=Z, la Tunisie ni mauve ni bleue|work=Libération|date=31 January 2014|accessdate=21 June 2017|author=Auffray, Elodie}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFAuffray,_Elodie2014">Auffray, Elodie (31 January 2014). [http://www.liberation.fr/planete/2014/01/31/z-la-tunisie-ni-mauve-ni-bleue_976913 "Z, la Tunisie ni mauve ni bleue"]. ''Libération''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 June</span> 2017</span>.</cite></ref> == Hụkwa == * Ihe nkiri ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na Middle East == Ihe ndetu == == Ntụaka == n'ọdịnihu. Na 2008, ọ malitere ikesa eserese eserese na DébaTunisie . Otu n'ime nkatọ sitere n'aka ndị Islamists na ndị na-eso ụzọ ịntanetị n'ihi ụfọdụ ihe nkiri ndị a{{Reflist|2}} == Njikọ mpụga == * [http://www.debatunisie.com/ DEBATunisie] - webụsaịtị gọọmentị nke Z [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 6t38rv9ttvx1lw9syqdubknvvpssswl 644262 644261 2026-05-30T19:58:46Z Geraldine Kene 23189 Fixed reference error 644262 wikitext text/x-wiki   {{Databox}}'''Z''' (nke a na-akpọkarị '''_Z_''' ) bụ ''aha'' onye na-ese foto ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Tunisia na-amaghị aha na onye na-akwado ịntanetị bụ onye ihe nkiri na-atọ ọchị na ihe odide ya pụtara na blọgụ ịntanetị ya ''bụ DébaTunisie'', nke o wepụtara na 2007, ma lekwasị anya na gọọmentị Zine El Abidine Ben. Ali na ndị ọchịchị sochiri mgbanwe mgbanwe Tunisian nke 2011. == Akụkọ ihe mere eme == Z, onye na-ese ụkpụrụ ụlọ, malitere blọgụ ya na Ọgọst 28, 2007. O buru ụzọ malite ịkatọ ọrụ mmepe gọọmentị na isi obodo Tunisia, Tunis, na eziokwu ahụ bụ na ndị bi na ya enweghị ihe ọ bụla n'okwu a. Z kwenyere na atụmatụ gọọmentị na-eyi ebe obibi nke ndị obodo flamingo egwu egwu. Flamingo pink mbinye aka mechara bụrụ mascot blọọgụ ya, wee pụta n'ọtụtụ eserese ya n'ọdịnihu. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.greenprophet.com/2012/07/z-the-anonymous-tunisian-cartoonist-championing-nature/|title=Z: The Anonymous Tunisian Cartoonist Championing Nature|publisher=Green Prophet|date=22 July 2012|accessdate=20 June 2017|author=Aburawa, Arwa}}</ref> Na 2008, ọ malitere ikesa eserese eserese na ''DébaTunisie'' . Otu n'ime ihe osise mbụ ya bụ otu n'ime obere ngosipụta nke otu flamingos pink na-emegide ọrụ gọọmentị. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/video/2012/jul/19/tunisian-cartoonist-z-ben-ali-video|title=Tunisian cartoonist Z: 'My hatred for Ben Ali made me free' - video|publisher=The Guardian|work=Samar Media|date=19 July 2012|accessdate=20 June 2017}}</ref> Cartoon mbụ ya nke gosipụtara onye isi ala nke mba ahụ, Zine El Abidine Ben Ali, ka ebisara na March 2009, n'ihu ntuli aka onye isi ala na-abịa n'otu afọ ahụ, nke na-egosi ndị ikom nọ n'otu ụlọ alakụba na-ehulata n'akụkụ ihe osise nke Ben Ali kama ịnọ Mecca. . <ref name="PRI">{{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YoVC8wdbbTc|title=The Mark of _Z_, a Tunisian satirist who's still under cover|publisher=Public Radio International (via YouTube)|date=13 December 2013|accessdate=20 June 2017}}</ref> Gọọmenti hụrụ ihe ọ na-eme n'ịntanetị na Ọktoba 2009 ka o sere ihe nkiri akpọrọ "La Comédie électorale", ụbọchị abụọ na-esote ntuli aka Ben Ali. Otu ọnwa ka e mesịrị, ndị ọchịchị nwụchiri ma mesịa tọhapụ onye na-ede blọgụ n'ịntanetị na prọfesọ mahadum aha ya bụ Fatma Riahi, na-eche na ọ bụ Z, onye blọgụ ha nwararị imechi. <ref name="PRI" /> <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/babylonbeyond/2009/11/tunisia-blogger-fatma-riahi-arrested-held-incommunicado.html|title=Tunisia: Online activists rally to free fellow blogger Fatma Riahi|work=Los Angeles Times|date=6 November 2009|accessdate=22 June 2017|author=Lutz, Meris}}</ref> === Mgbanwe mgbanwe === N'ime ụbọchị na ọnwa ndị na-esote nrịtu nke Ben Ali na January 14, 2011, Z tinyere usoro eserese banyere nchekwube ya maka Tunisia nke ndị na-elekọta mmadụ na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nke mba ahụ, karịsịa ndị secularists na Islamists, ga-ebikọ ọnụ n'udo. <ref name="PRI" /> <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.lemonde.fr/tunisie/portfolio/2011/01/19/en-tunisie-la-caricature-comme-arme-politique_1467466_1466522.html|title=En Tunisie, la caricature comme arme politique|work=Le Monde|date=19 January 2011|accessdate=20 June 2017}}</ref> Otú ọ dị, ọ họọrọ ka ọ bụrụ onye a na-amaghị aha, na-ekwere na "ọ dịghị ihe gbanwere n'ezie" n'ihe gbasara okwu nyocha nke Tunisia. <ref name="Libération" /> <ref name="Obs" /> N'ịgbaso ntuli aka mbụ n'efu nke Tunisia kemgbe Ben Ali kwaturu, nke hụrụ na Islamist Ennahda Movement meriri ọtụtụ oche, Z dọtara nkatọ sitere n'aka ndị Islamists na ndị na-eso ụzọ ịntanetị n'ihi ụfọdụ ihe nkiri ndị a ghọtara dị ka mkparị nye Islam. N'August 7, 2012, o dere na blọọgụ ya: "O doro anya na n'oge na-adịghị anya a ga-ewere m dị ka onye iwu na-akwadoghị oge Constituency kwadoro iwu mgbochi nkwulu." <ref name="Obs">{{Cite web|url=http://tempsreel.nouvelobs.com/rue89/rue89-tunisie/20120827.RUE2056/le-caricaturiste-tunisien-z-rien-n-a-vraiment-change.html|title=Le caricaturiste tunisien _Z_ : " Rien n'a vraiment changé "|publisher=Le Nouvel Observateur|date=27 August 2012|accessdate=21 June 2017|author=Abrougi, Afef}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFAbrougi,_Afef2012">Abrougi, Afef (27 August 2012). [http://tempsreel.nouvelobs.com/rue89/rue89-tunisie/20120827.RUE2056/le-caricaturiste-tunisien-z-rien-n-a-vraiment-change.html "Le caricaturiste tunisien _Z_ : " Rien n'a vraiment changé ""]. Le Nouvel Observateur<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 June</span> 2017</span>.</cite></ref> == Ụdị == Otu n'ime isiokwu ndị a ma ama na ihe odide na ihe nkiri Z bụ " mauves ", [n 1] ndị na-akwado ọchịchị Ben Ali, onye ọ na-akpọ "Zaba" (acronym of his full name). Ọ na-ezo aka na Islamists dị ka " bleus ", ndị nọ n'okpuru nduzi nke "Zaballah", egwuregwu na okwu merging Zaba (mkpịrịsị nke Zine el Abidine Ben Ali) na " Allah ". Ihe ọzọ na-eme ugboro ugboro na eserese ya bụ ezinụlọ " Ben Simpsons ", na-anọchite anya bourgeoisie nke Tunisia na-ewu ewu nke na-atụ egwu na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị obodo. <ref name="Libération">{{Cite news|url=http://www.liberation.fr/planete/2014/01/31/z-la-tunisie-ni-mauve-ni-bleue_976913|title=Z, la Tunisie ni mauve ni bleue|work=Libération|date=31 January 2014|accessdate=21 June 2017|author=Auffray, Elodie}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFAuffray,_Elodie2014">Auffray, Elodie (31 January 2014). [http://www.liberation.fr/planete/2014/01/31/z-la-tunisie-ni-mauve-ni-bleue_976913 "Z, la Tunisie ni mauve ni bleue"]. ''Libération''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 June</span> 2017</span>.</cite></ref> == Hụkwa == * Ihe nkiri ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na Middle East == Ihe ndetu == == Ntụaka == n'ọdịnihu. Na 2008, ọ malitere ikesa eserese eserese na DébaTunisie . Otu n'ime nkatọ sitere n'aka ndị Islamists na ndị na-eso ụzọ ịntanetị n'ihi ụfọdụ ihe nkiri ndị a{{Reflist|2}} == Njikọ mpụga == * [http://www.debatunisie.com/ DEBATunisie] - webụsaịtị gọọmentị nke Z [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 9spc0wt1dsznel64hg17ou39283jkwu 0 45515 644355 194287 2026-05-30T21:56:04Z Sayvhior 13464 /* Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ */ 644355 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Vasily Stepanovich Petrov''' ( Russian; 5 Maachị 1922 – 15 Eprel 2003) bụ onye uwe ojii na Red Army nke tufuru aka ya abụọ n'oge Agha maka Burkin Bridgehead. Mgbe ọ ghọchara onye bepụ mmadụ abụọ, ọ gara n'ihu na-eje ozi na [[World War II|Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ]]. Maka omume ya n'agha ahụ, e nyere ya aha dike nke Soviet Union ugboro abụọ ma kwalite ya n'ọkwá nke isi. N'agbanyeghị mmerụ ahụ ya, ọ gara n'ihu ịghọ onye ọchịagha ma jide ọkwa ọkwa dị iche iche. == Ndụ mbido == A mụrụ Petrov na 1922 na ezinụlọ ndị ọrụ ugbo Russia n'ime obodo Dmitrovka, nke dị na Ukraine ugbu a. E jidere nna ya Stepan Petrov, bụ onye lụrụ ọgụ n'akụkụ ndị nche ọcha n'oge agha obodo, mgbe Vasily bụ nwata. Nne ya nwụrụ mgbe ọ dị nanị afọ atọ, nne di ya gbahapụrụ ya na ụmụnne ya. Otu onye agbata obi lekọtara ha obere oge tupu ọ gwa ụmụnna abụọ ahụ ka ha gaa n’ogige ụmụ mgbei, bụ́ nke ha mesịrị gbanahụ. Nwanne ya nwoke nwụrụ ka ha na-agba ọsọ, ma n'ikpeazụ Vasily gara n'obodo nne di ya ma lekọta ya. N'oge na-adịghị ka ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ sekọndrị na 1939, e debanyere ya na Red Army. Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Sumy Artillery School na 1941, e kenyere ya na 92nd Separate Artillery Division. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=https://fakty.ua/89514-vasilij-petrov-quot-lish-40-let-spustya-ya-uznal-o-reshenii-stalina-ostavit-menya-pozhiznenno-v-armii-quot|title=Василий петров: "лишь 40 лет спустя я узнал о решении сталина оставить меня пожизненно в армии… "|author=|first=|date=24 July 2002|work=fakty.ua|language=ru|archiveurl=|archivedate=|accessdate=2019-06-03}}</ref> <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=http://www.warheroes.ru/hero/hero.asp?Hero_id=342|title=Петров Василий Степанович|author=Osikov|first=Kirill|date=|work=warheroes.ru|language=ru|archiveurl=|archivedate=|accessdate=2019-06-04}}</ref> == Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ == N'ịbụ onye na-alụ ọgụ kemgbe June 1941, Petrov lụrụ ọgụ na Southern, Voronezh na 1st Ukraine fronts. Dị ka osote ọchịagha nke 1850 Anti-tank ogbunigwe Regiment o sonyere na agha maka ekpe-akụ Ukraine na Dniper . Ọ hụrụ ọgụ siri ike na ngafe nke osimiri Sula na 14 Septemba 1943, n'oge nke otu ya chere oke ogbunigwe nke ogbunigwe na ogbunigwe mgbe niile ka ọ na-agbalị igbanye ụgbọ mmiri atọ mana chere mmegide chere ihu n'ihu ụgbọ mmiri iri na atọ. Mgbe e bibisịrị tankị German asaa ma manye ha itinye ngwa agha ha, ha nwere ike ịga n'ihu na-aga n'ihu ebe ndị iro laghachiri ma tinye ndị na-agba egbe. Mgbe ndị [[Jémanị|Germany]] na-agba égbè gbara batrị nke ndị agha ya gburugburu, ya na ndị agha Soviet ndị ọzọ keere òkè were were awa abụọ agha megide ndị agha gbara ya gburugburu. N'ikpeazụ, batrị ahụ nwere ike ịgbanarị gburugburu ebe a na-eme atụmatụ na e gburu ndị agha German 90. <ref name=":0" /> N'oge agha na 23 September 1943 Petrov dochie ya regimental ọchịagha ma duru ya unit na-aghọ akụkụ mbụ nke ha brigade ịgafe Dniepr. Dị ka akwụkwọ nhọpụta gọọmentị Petrov si kwuo maka aha Hero of the Soviet Union, ọ tụfuru aka ya na 1 October 1943 n'oge agha maka Burkhin Bridgehead n'akụkụ aka nri nke osimiri ahụ, n'oge nke o nyeere batrị abụọ aka ozugbo ọkụ ọkụ nke kpatara ya. na mbibi nke tankị ndị iro anọ na ngwa agha abụọ. Ya na otu onye n’usoro gara n’ihu gbanye egbe n’onwe ya ọkụ, mana ogbunigwe gbagburu ha. Otu ụgbọ elu German kụrụ Petrov ma mebie aka ya abụọ na-enweghị atụ, mana ọ jụrụ ka a kpọpụ ya n'ụlọ ọgwụ ruo mgbe mwakpo ahụ kwụsịrị. <ref>[https://pamyat-naroda.ru/heroes/podvig-chelovek_nagrazhdenie20389894/ Наградной лист в электронном банке документов «Подвиг народа» (архивные материалы ЦАМО, ф. 33, оп. 686043, д. 7)]</ref> Akụkọ mgbe agha gasịrị na-egosi na mmerụ ahụ mere na mbụ n'ọnọdụ dị iche iche na ụbọchị dị iche iche, dị ka n'August. Petrov kọwara ihe ahụ merenụ nye ndị nta akụkọ n'afọ ndị sochiri ya, na-ekwu na n'oge agha a na-alụ maka bridgehead n'oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ na-akụ ya n'ihe dị ka etiti abalị; N'otu oge, ndị ọrụ ibe ya kwenyere na ọ nwụọla ma nye iwu ka a chọọ ozu ya, ma hụ na ọ dị ndụ n'ụtụtụ. Ndị ọrụ ibe ya nyere onye dọkịta na-awa ahụ iwu ka ọ wara ya ahụ, onye dọrọ ha aka ná ntị na Petrov ga-anwụ. N'agbanyeghị na ọ dị obere ohere ịlanarị ọ dịrị ndụ site na ịwa ahụ na izu ole na ole ka e mesịrị, e zigara ya na Moscow Institute of Orthopedics na Prosthetics. Na 24 Disemba 1943, e nyere ya aha dike nke Soviet Union. Mgbe ọ nọ na Moscow, ọ dara mbà n'obi nke ukwuu ma chee echiche igbu onwe ya, ma emesịa bịa n'ọnọdụ ya ma na-ede akwụkwọ, ebe ọ natara ọtụtụ akwụkwọ ozi agbamume sitere n'aka ndị agha ndị ọzọ. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=https://fakty.ua/89514-vasilij-petrov-quot-lish-40-let-spustya-ya-uznal-o-reshenii-stalina-ostavit-menya-pozhiznenno-v-armii-quot|title=Василий петров: "лишь 40 лет спустя я узнал о решении сталина оставить меня пожизненно в армии… "|author=|first=|date=24 July 2002|work=fakty.ua|language=ru|archiveurl=|archivedate=|accessdate=2019-06-03}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://fakty.ua/89514-vasilij-petrov-quot-lish-40-let-spustya-ya-uznal-o-reshenii-stalina-ostavit-menya-pozhiznenno-v-armii-quot "Василий петров: "лишь 40 лет спустя я узнал о решении сталина оставить меня пожизненно в армии… ""]. ''fakty.ua'' (in Russian). 24 July 2002<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-06-03</span></span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 Russian-language sources (ru)]]</ref> N'ihi oke mmerụ ahụ ya, ọ nọgidere n'ụlọ ọgwụ ruo ihe karịrị otu ọnwa ma nye ya ọrụ nkịtị dị ka osote odeakwụkwọ pati na mpaghara Moscow, ma ọ rịọrọ ka ọ laghachi na ndị agha. Na December 1944 Petrov laghachiri na ndị agha na ọkwa nke isi dị ka osote ọchịagha nke 248th Guards Destroyer Anti-Tank ogbunigwe Regiment nke 11th Guards mbibi Anti-Tank ogbunigwe Brigade nke 1st Ukraine Front 's 52nd Army . O sonyere na mkparị Vistula – Oder na agha ndị sochirinụ maka Oder bridgeheads dị ka osote onye ọchịagha, na ebubo na ọ napụrụ ọgụ ọgụ ise n'otu agha na 9 Maachị 1945. N'April, e mere Petrov onye ọchịagha nke 248th Anti-tank Artillery Regiment. Enyere ya dike nke abụọ nke Soviet Union Gold Star ka njedebe nke agha gasịrị, na 27 June. <ref>[https://pamyat-naroda.ru/heroes/podvig-chelovek_nagrazhdenie46807468/ Наградной лист в электронном банке документов «Подвиг народа» (архивные материалы ЦАМО, ф. 33, оп. 686046, д. 176)]</ref> <ref>[https://pamyat-naroda.ru/heroes/podvig-chelovek_nagrazhdenie42450219/ Наградной лист в электронном банке документов «Подвиг народа» (архивные материалы ЦАМО, ф. 33, оп. 690306, д. 1961)]</ref> == Mgbe agha gasịrị == Petrov nọgidere na ndị agha mgbe ndị Nazi Germany nyefere. Ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Lviv State University na 1954 wee ghọọ Candidate of Military Sciences. N'ịbụ onye e buliri elu n'ọkwa nke General-lieutenant na 1977, ọ nọ n'ọkwá dị elu dị iche iche na ndị agha Soviet, na-eje ozi dị ka osote onye isi nke ndị agha agha na ngwá agha nke Carpathian Military District . Mgbe e bissịrị Soviet Union, ọ jere ozi n'òtù ndị agha Ukraine ma bụrụ onye e buliri ya n'ọkwa nke Colonel-General na 1999. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://xn----ctbsbazhbctieai.ru-an.info/новости/русский-герой-василий-петров-единственный-в-мире-офицер-воевавший-без-обеих-рук/|title=Русский герой Василий Петров – единственный в мире офицер, воевавший без обеих рук (видео)|author=|first=|date=|work=РуАН – Русское Агентство Новостей|archiveurl=|archivedate=|accessdate=2019-06-09}}</ref> N'agbanyeghị na ọ bụ dike n'agha, ọ bụghị mgbe niile ka ọ na-akwado ọchịchị Kọmunist; amaara ya na ọ naghị akwụ ụgwọ ndị otu ya, na mgbe ọ bịanyeghị aka n'akwụkwọ otu ya, a chụpụrụ ya na pati ahụ ma jụọ ya ajụjụ maka iguzosi ike n'ihe ya tupu e kwenye na ya nwere ike ikwe ka mmadụ bịanye aka n'akwụkwọ n'aha ya. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=https://fakty.ua/89514-vasilij-petrov-quot-lish-40-let-spustya-ya-uznal-o-reshenii-stalina-ostavit-menya-pozhiznenno-v-armii-quot|title=Василий петров: "лишь 40 лет спустя я узнал о решении сталина оставить меня пожизненно в армии… "|author=|first=|date=24 July 2002|work=fakty.ua|language=ru|archiveurl=|archivedate=|accessdate=2019-06-03}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://fakty.ua/89514-vasilij-petrov-quot-lish-40-let-spustya-ya-uznal-o-reshenii-stalina-ostavit-menya-pozhiznenno-v-armii-quot "Василий петров: "лишь 40 лет спустя я узнал о решении сталина оставить меня пожизненно в армии… ""]. ''fakty.ua'' (in Russian). 24 July 2002<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-06-03</span></span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 Russian-language sources (ru)]]</ref> Ọ nwụrụ na 15 Eprel 2003 na Kyiv wee lie ya n'ili Baikove . <ref name=":2">{{Cite web|url=https://encyclopedia.mil.ru/encyclopedia/heroes/USSR/more.htm?id=11843191@morfHeroes|title=Петров Василий Степанович|author=|first=|date=|work=encyclopedia.mil.ru|archiveurl=|archivedate=|accessdate=2019-06-10}}</ref> == Ihe nrite na nkwanye ugwu == Ndị Soviet: * Ugboro abụọ dike nke Soviet Union * Abụọ Order nke Lenin * Order nke October mgbanwe * Order nke Red Banner * Order nke Patriotic War 1st klas * Atọ Order nke Red Star Steeti ndị ọzọ: * [[Poland]] - Virtuti ndị agha 5th klas * [[Mpaghara Russia|Russia]] - Order nke Enyi * [[Yukrain|Ukraine]] - Order nke Bogdan Khmelnitsky 2nd klas == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} jifuznlfpbqapq7k0feru121v3z5720 644356 644355 2026-05-30T21:57:21Z Sayvhior 13464 /* Ndụ mbido */ fixed reference errors 644356 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Vasily Stepanovich Petrov''' ( Russian; 5 Maachị 1922 – 15 Eprel 2003) bụ onye uwe ojii na Red Army nke tufuru aka ya abụọ n'oge Agha maka Burkin Bridgehead. Mgbe ọ ghọchara onye bepụ mmadụ abụọ, ọ gara n'ihu na-eje ozi na [[World War II|Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ]]. Maka omume ya n'agha ahụ, e nyere ya aha dike nke Soviet Union ugboro abụọ ma kwalite ya n'ọkwá nke isi. N'agbanyeghị mmerụ ahụ ya, ọ gara n'ihu ịghọ onye ọchịagha ma jide ọkwa ọkwa dị iche iche. == Ndụ mbido == A mụrụ Petrov na 1922 na ezinụlọ ndị ọrụ ugbo Russia n'ime obodo Dmitrovka, nke dị na Ukraine ugbu a. E jidere nna ya Stepan Petrov, bụ onye lụrụ ọgụ n'akụkụ ndị nche ọcha n'oge agha obodo, mgbe Vasily bụ nwata. Nne ya nwụrụ mgbe ọ dị nanị afọ atọ, nne di ya gbahapụrụ ya na ụmụnne ya. Otu onye agbata obi lekọtara ha obere oge tupu ọ gwa ụmụnna abụọ ahụ ka ha gaa n’ogige ụmụ mgbei, bụ́ nke ha mesịrị gbanahụ. Nwanne ya nwoke nwụrụ ka ha na-agba ọsọ, ma n'ikpeazụ Vasily gara n'obodo nne di ya ma lekọta ya. N'oge na-adịghị ka ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ sekọndrị na 1939, e debanyere ya na Red Army. Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Sumy Artillery School na 1941, e kenyere ya na 92nd Separate Artillery Division. <ref name=":1" /> <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=http://www.warheroes.ru/hero/hero.asp?Hero_id=342|title=Петров Василий Степанович|author=Osikov|first=Kirill|date=|work=warheroes.ru|language=ru|archiveurl=|archivedate=|accessdate=2019-06-04}}</ref> == Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ == N'ịbụ onye na-alụ ọgụ kemgbe June 1941, Petrov lụrụ ọgụ na Southern, Voronezh na 1st Ukraine fronts. Dị ka osote ọchịagha nke 1850 Anti-tank ogbunigwe Regiment o sonyere na agha maka ekpe-akụ Ukraine na Dniper . Ọ hụrụ ọgụ siri ike na ngafe nke osimiri Sula na 14 Septemba 1943, n'oge nke otu ya chere oke ogbunigwe nke ogbunigwe na ogbunigwe mgbe niile ka ọ na-agbalị igbanye ụgbọ mmiri atọ mana chere mmegide chere ihu n'ihu ụgbọ mmiri iri na atọ. Mgbe e bibisịrị tankị German asaa ma manye ha itinye ngwa agha ha, ha nwere ike ịga n'ihu na-aga n'ihu ebe ndị iro laghachiri ma tinye ndị na-agba egbe. Mgbe ndị [[Jémanị|Germany]] na-agba égbè gbara batrị nke ndị agha ya gburugburu, ya na ndị agha Soviet ndị ọzọ keere òkè were were awa abụọ agha megide ndị agha gbara ya gburugburu. N'ikpeazụ, batrị ahụ nwere ike ịgbanarị gburugburu ebe a na-eme atụmatụ na e gburu ndị agha German 90. <ref name=":0" /> N'oge agha na 23 September 1943 Petrov dochie ya regimental ọchịagha ma duru ya unit na-aghọ akụkụ mbụ nke ha brigade ịgafe Dniepr. Dị ka akwụkwọ nhọpụta gọọmentị Petrov si kwuo maka aha Hero of the Soviet Union, ọ tụfuru aka ya na 1 October 1943 n'oge agha maka Burkhin Bridgehead n'akụkụ aka nri nke osimiri ahụ, n'oge nke o nyeere batrị abụọ aka ozugbo ọkụ ọkụ nke kpatara ya. na mbibi nke tankị ndị iro anọ na ngwa agha abụọ. Ya na otu onye n’usoro gara n’ihu gbanye egbe n’onwe ya ọkụ, mana ogbunigwe gbagburu ha. Otu ụgbọ elu German kụrụ Petrov ma mebie aka ya abụọ na-enweghị atụ, mana ọ jụrụ ka a kpọpụ ya n'ụlọ ọgwụ ruo mgbe mwakpo ahụ kwụsịrị. <ref>[https://pamyat-naroda.ru/heroes/podvig-chelovek_nagrazhdenie20389894/ Наградной лист в электронном банке документов «Подвиг народа» (архивные материалы ЦАМО, ф. 33, оп. 686043, д. 7)]</ref> Akụkọ mgbe agha gasịrị na-egosi na mmerụ ahụ mere na mbụ n'ọnọdụ dị iche iche na ụbọchị dị iche iche, dị ka n'August. Petrov kọwara ihe ahụ merenụ nye ndị nta akụkọ n'afọ ndị sochiri ya, na-ekwu na n'oge agha a na-alụ maka bridgehead n'oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ na-akụ ya n'ihe dị ka etiti abalị; N'otu oge, ndị ọrụ ibe ya kwenyere na ọ nwụọla ma nye iwu ka a chọọ ozu ya, ma hụ na ọ dị ndụ n'ụtụtụ. Ndị ọrụ ibe ya nyere onye dọkịta na-awa ahụ iwu ka ọ wara ya ahụ, onye dọrọ ha aka ná ntị na Petrov ga-anwụ. N'agbanyeghị na ọ dị obere ohere ịlanarị ọ dịrị ndụ site na ịwa ahụ na izu ole na ole ka e mesịrị, e zigara ya na Moscow Institute of Orthopedics na Prosthetics. Na 24 Disemba 1943, e nyere ya aha dike nke Soviet Union. Mgbe ọ nọ na Moscow, ọ dara mbà n'obi nke ukwuu ma chee echiche igbu onwe ya, ma emesịa bịa n'ọnọdụ ya ma na-ede akwụkwọ, ebe ọ natara ọtụtụ akwụkwọ ozi agbamume sitere n'aka ndị agha ndị ọzọ. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=https://fakty.ua/89514-vasilij-petrov-quot-lish-40-let-spustya-ya-uznal-o-reshenii-stalina-ostavit-menya-pozhiznenno-v-armii-quot|title=Василий петров: "лишь 40 лет спустя я узнал о решении сталина оставить меня пожизненно в армии… "|author=|first=|date=24 July 2002|work=fakty.ua|language=ru|archiveurl=|archivedate=|accessdate=2019-06-03}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://fakty.ua/89514-vasilij-petrov-quot-lish-40-let-spustya-ya-uznal-o-reshenii-stalina-ostavit-menya-pozhiznenno-v-armii-quot "Василий петров: "лишь 40 лет спустя я узнал о решении сталина оставить меня пожизненно в армии… ""]. ''fakty.ua'' (in Russian). 24 July 2002<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-06-03</span></span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 Russian-language sources (ru)]]</ref> N'ihi oke mmerụ ahụ ya, ọ nọgidere n'ụlọ ọgwụ ruo ihe karịrị otu ọnwa ma nye ya ọrụ nkịtị dị ka osote odeakwụkwọ pati na mpaghara Moscow, ma ọ rịọrọ ka ọ laghachi na ndị agha. Na December 1944 Petrov laghachiri na ndị agha na ọkwa nke isi dị ka osote ọchịagha nke 248th Guards Destroyer Anti-Tank ogbunigwe Regiment nke 11th Guards mbibi Anti-Tank ogbunigwe Brigade nke 1st Ukraine Front 's 52nd Army . O sonyere na mkparị Vistula – Oder na agha ndị sochirinụ maka Oder bridgeheads dị ka osote onye ọchịagha, na ebubo na ọ napụrụ ọgụ ọgụ ise n'otu agha na 9 Maachị 1945. N'April, e mere Petrov onye ọchịagha nke 248th Anti-tank Artillery Regiment. Enyere ya dike nke abụọ nke Soviet Union Gold Star ka njedebe nke agha gasịrị, na 27 June. <ref>[https://pamyat-naroda.ru/heroes/podvig-chelovek_nagrazhdenie46807468/ Наградной лист в электронном банке документов «Подвиг народа» (архивные материалы ЦАМО, ф. 33, оп. 686046, д. 176)]</ref> <ref>[https://pamyat-naroda.ru/heroes/podvig-chelovek_nagrazhdenie42450219/ Наградной лист в электронном банке документов «Подвиг народа» (архивные материалы ЦАМО, ф. 33, оп. 690306, д. 1961)]</ref> == Mgbe agha gasịrị == Petrov nọgidere na ndị agha mgbe ndị Nazi Germany nyefere. Ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Lviv State University na 1954 wee ghọọ Candidate of Military Sciences. N'ịbụ onye e buliri elu n'ọkwa nke General-lieutenant na 1977, ọ nọ n'ọkwá dị elu dị iche iche na ndị agha Soviet, na-eje ozi dị ka osote onye isi nke ndị agha agha na ngwá agha nke Carpathian Military District . Mgbe e bissịrị Soviet Union, ọ jere ozi n'òtù ndị agha Ukraine ma bụrụ onye e buliri ya n'ọkwa nke Colonel-General na 1999. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://xn----ctbsbazhbctieai.ru-an.info/новости/русский-герой-василий-петров-единственный-в-мире-офицер-воевавший-без-обеих-рук/|title=Русский герой Василий Петров – единственный в мире офицер, воевавший без обеих рук (видео)|author=|first=|date=|work=РуАН – Русское Агентство Новостей|archiveurl=|archivedate=|accessdate=2019-06-09}}</ref> N'agbanyeghị na ọ bụ dike n'agha, ọ bụghị mgbe niile ka ọ na-akwado ọchịchị Kọmunist; amaara ya na ọ naghị akwụ ụgwọ ndị otu ya, na mgbe ọ bịanyeghị aka n'akwụkwọ otu ya, a chụpụrụ ya na pati ahụ ma jụọ ya ajụjụ maka iguzosi ike n'ihe ya tupu e kwenye na ya nwere ike ikwe ka mmadụ bịanye aka n'akwụkwọ n'aha ya. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=https://fakty.ua/89514-vasilij-petrov-quot-lish-40-let-spustya-ya-uznal-o-reshenii-stalina-ostavit-menya-pozhiznenno-v-armii-quot|title=Василий петров: "лишь 40 лет спустя я узнал о решении сталина оставить меня пожизненно в армии… "|author=|first=|date=24 July 2002|work=fakty.ua|language=ru|archiveurl=|archivedate=|accessdate=2019-06-03}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://fakty.ua/89514-vasilij-petrov-quot-lish-40-let-spustya-ya-uznal-o-reshenii-stalina-ostavit-menya-pozhiznenno-v-armii-quot "Василий петров: "лишь 40 лет спустя я узнал о решении сталина оставить меня пожизненно в армии… ""]. ''fakty.ua'' (in Russian). 24 July 2002<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-06-03</span></span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 Russian-language sources (ru)]]</ref> Ọ nwụrụ na 15 Eprel 2003 na Kyiv wee lie ya n'ili Baikove . <ref name=":2">{{Cite web|url=https://encyclopedia.mil.ru/encyclopedia/heroes/USSR/more.htm?id=11843191@morfHeroes|title=Петров Василий Степанович|author=|first=|date=|work=encyclopedia.mil.ru|archiveurl=|archivedate=|accessdate=2019-06-10}}</ref> == Ihe nrite na nkwanye ugwu == Ndị Soviet: * Ugboro abụọ dike nke Soviet Union * Abụọ Order nke Lenin * Order nke October mgbanwe * Order nke Red Banner * Order nke Patriotic War 1st klas * Atọ Order nke Red Star Steeti ndị ọzọ: * [[Poland]] - Virtuti ndị agha 5th klas * [[Mpaghara Russia|Russia]] - Order nke Enyi * [[Yukrain|Ukraine]] - Order nke Bogdan Khmelnitsky 2nd klas == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} lz2x1i5u5r8miqvq9yu1yhz35sg4p6b 0 45583 644091 177259 2026-05-30T15:44:10Z Geraldine Kene 23189 Fixed reference error 644091 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Usòrò:Zak Smith.jpg|thumb|Zak Smith.]] Zak Smith (amuru Julaị 16, 1976), nsụgharị dị ka Zak Sabbath, bụ onye omenkà America, onye ode akwụkwọ na-eme egwuregwu, na onye na-eme ihe nkiri nkiri. == Ndụ mmalite na agụmakwụkwọ == A akwụkwọ Smith na Syracuse, New York wee tolite na Washington, DC Mgbe ọ natachara BFA site na Cooper Union na 1998, ọ akwụkwọ akwụkwọ na Skowhegan School of Painting and Sculpture na Skowhegan, Maine wee nweta MFA na Mahadum Yale .  2001 <ref name="ennies-2011" /> == Ọrụ == E ọrụ ya dị ka onye na -eme egwuregwu na-eme ihe nkiri na onye na-ese ihe nkiri Smith ka a dị ka onye na-eme ihe nkiri na-akpali agụụ mmekọahụ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://thefanzine.com/basement-magic-notes-from-a-new-dd-player-an-interview-with-zak-smith/|title=Basement Magic: Notes From a New D&D Player & An Interview With Zak Smith|first=Ken|author=Baumann|date=July 24, 2014|work=TheFanzine.com|accessdate=May 28, 2019}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://medium.com/matter/the-best-monster-38461c5cbbf1|title=The Best Monster|first=Vanessa|author=Veselka|authorlink=Vanessa Veselka|date=October 6, 2014|work=[[Medium (website)|Medium.com]]|accessdate=May 28, 2019}}</ref> nsogbu nsogbu ihe nka Smith Museum of Modern Art, Whitney Museum of American Art, Walker Art Center na Saatchi Gallery .  [1] [2] [3] [4] E egwu ụfọdụ ọrụ ya na Artsy .  [5] Fredericks & Freiser Gallery nọchiri anya Zak Smith na New York City.  [6] A mara ya maka ụzọ ya n'ụdị na-agwakọta reebay ekiri na-ahụ ahụkebe na nka akwụkwọ ọchị.  [7] Eserese ndị na-eso ụzọ ụzọ nke ndị na-ahụ maka ụmụ anụmanụ ihe, ụmụ anụmanụ nọ na chọsiri nwa anụmanụ gbapụta <ref>Kley, Elisabeth. "Zak Smith." ''ARTNews'', vol. 104, no. 11, Dec. 2005, pp. 146–47. </ref> Ọrụ ya Foto ndị na-egosi ihe na-eme na ibe ọ mgbasa nke Thomas Pynchon 's Novel Gravity's Rainbow bụ ihe ọtụtụ ihe osise, foto, na ọgụ 760, otu maka ibe ọ ALA nke mbụ nke akwụkwọ ahụ.  E sere ya na 2004 Whitney Biennial ma ugbu a bụ nke Walker Art Center nwe ya. <ref>Woods, Chris. "Gravity's Rainbow Illustrated: One Picture for Every Page." ''Chicago Review'', vol. 53, no. 2, Autumn, 2007, pp. 202-205,245''.''</ref> == Ndụ onwe onye == Smith biri ma ruo ọrụ na Brooklyn, New York Ọktoba 2007, mgbe ọ kwagara Los Angeles .  Ọ nọbu na-egosi dị ogologo oge ya na-eme ihe nkiri ụlọ ọrụ bụ Mandy Morbid.  [1] Smith echiche onwe ya dị ka onye anarchist <ref>{{Cite news|first=Emilie|author=Trice|title=Anarchy in the U.K.|quote=This month, the 31-year-old artist, anarchist and porn star has a solo show at Fred in London.|work=[[artnet]].de|date=October 15, 2007|url=http://www.artnet.com/magazineus/features/trice/trice10-15-07.asp|accessdate=January 5, 2015}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|first=Zing|author=Tsjeng|title=Stoya selects Zak Smith|quote=The self-described anarchist landed his monumental page-for-page artistic interpretation of Gravity's Rainbow in the Whitney Biennal at 28, then landed his first adult film role in Barbed Wire Kiss.|work=[[Dazed & Confused (magazine)#Dazed Digital|Dazed Digital]]|date=July 28, 2014|url=http://www.dazeddigital.com/artsandculture/article/20973/1/stoya-selects-zak-smith|accessdate=January 5, 2015}}</ref> <ref name="sff-interview">{{Cite web|first=David Paul|author=Hellings|url=https://www.sffworld.com/2015/09/an-interview-with-zak-s/|title=An Interview with Zak S|work=SFF World|date=September 13, 2015|accessdate=March 1, 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190302024518/https://www.sffworld.com/2015/09/an-interview-with-zak-s/|archivedate=March 2, 2019}}</ref> == Ebubo mmetọ mmekọahụ == N'ihi ebubo nke mmegbu nke ọtụtụ ụmụ ekiri Morbid, Wizards of the Coast na-ekiri na February 2019 na ha ga-abụ ihe niile zoro aka na Smith na akara akara nke Dungeons & Dragons nke ise .  [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] Kenneth Hite, onye bụbu onye na-emekọ ihe ọnụ RPG, ndị ndị inyom ahụ mgbaghara ma kwuo na ya ga-enye onyinye sitere na akwụkwọ ha na-  Hannah n'ihu na-achọghị maka ime ihe ike n'ihe.  OneBookShelf na-arụ ọrụ na Smith na-arụkọ ọrụ na ọ ga-enye onyinye ego enwetara site na aha dị adị na Smith nye Rape, Abuse & Incest National Network .  A machibidokwara Smith ịga Gen Con .  [1] Smith gọnarị ebubo ndị ahụ wee gbaa akwụkwọ nkwutọ megide Morbid. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Smith|first=Zak|title=The Statement|url=https://officialzsannouncements.blogspot.com/2019/02/the-statement.html|work=Official Z Announcements|language=en|date=13 February 2019}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|author=Smith|first=Zak|title=Im Suing|url=https://officialzsannouncements.blogspot.com/2019/06/im-suing.html|work=Official Z Announcements|language=en|date=12 June 2019}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|author=Girdwood|first=Andrew|title=Backlisted RPG designer's defamation case forces ex-girlfriend into crowdfunding|url=https://www.geeknative.com/69638/backlisted-rpg-designers-defamation-case-forces-ex-girlfriend-into-crowdfunding/|accessdate=4 July 2020|work=Geek Native|date=29 November 2019}}</ref> == Akwụkwọ akụkọ == === Art === * ''Zak Smith: Foto nke ụmụ agbọghọ'' (New York: Ndị mbipụta nka ekesara, 2005). [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-1-933045-22-1|978-1-933045-22-1]] * ''Foto ndị na-egosi ihe na-eme na ibe ọ bụla nke Thomas Pynchon's Novel Gravity's Rainbow'' (ihe ngosi eserese nke akwụkwọ akụkọ / ihe atụ) ( Portland, Oregon: Tin House Books, 2006). [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/0-9773127-9-8|0-9773127-9-8]] * ''Anyị mere Porn: Memoir na eserese'' . (Portland, Oregon: Tin House Books, 2009). [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-0-9802436-8-0|978-0-9802436-8-0]] * ''Nri ụtụtụ kacha njọ'' (onye na-ese ihe, ya na onye edemede China Miéville, Akwụkwọ Akashic, 2016). [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-1-6177548-6-9|978-1-6177548-6-9]] === RPG === * ''Vornheim: Ngwa obodo zuru oke'' (Arịrịọ nke ada ada ire ọkụ, 2011). [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-9-5259042-4-6|978-9-5259042-4-6]] * ''Ala na-acha uhie uhie na mara mma'' (Arịrịọ nke ada ada ire ọkụ, 2014). [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-9-5259046-0-4|978-9-5259046-0-4]] * ''Ọnwụ Frost Doom'' (Arịrịọ nke ada ada ire ọkụ, 2014). [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-9-5259048-3-3|978-9-5259048-3-3]] * ''Maze nke Blue Medusa'' (ya na Patrick Stuart, Satyr Press, 2016). [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-0-9832437-5-5|978-0-9832437-5-5]] * ''Frostbitten & Mbipu'' (Arịrịọ nke ada ada ire ọkụ, 2018). [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-9-5272380-2-8|978-9-5272380-2-8]] == Ihe nrite == {| class="wikitable" ! width="6%" |Afọ ! width="17%" | Ihe nrite ! width="47%" | Otu ! width="29%" | Ọrụ |- | rowspan="2" | 2011 | Ennie Awards | Aha akpọrọ na "Enyemaka/Ihe Ngwa Kachasị Mma" <ref name="ennies-2011">{{Cite web|url=http://www.ennie-awards.com/blog/about-us/2011-nominees-and-winners/|title=2011 Noms and Winners|work=[[ENnie Awards]]|accessdate=March 12, 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190213085352/http://diehardgamefan.com/2011/12/26/diehard-gamefans-2011-tabletop-gaming-awards/|archivedate=February 13, 2019}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[http://www.ennie-awards.com/blog/about-us/2011-nominees-and-winners/ "2011 Noms and Winners"]. ''[[Ennie Awards|ENnie Awards]]''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20190213085352/http://diehardgamefan.com/2011/12/26/diehard-gamefans-2011-tabletop-gaming-awards/ Archived] from the original on February 13, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 12,</span> 2019</span>.</cite></ref> | rowspan="3" | ''Vornheim: Ngwa obodo zuru oke'' |- | Diehard GameFAN | Ihe nrite egwuregwu tabletop maka “Ntọala Mgbasa Ozi Kachasị Mma” <ref name="dgf-award-2011">{{Cite web|first=Alex|author=Lucard|url=http://diehardgamefan.com/2011/12/26/diehard-gamefans-2011-tabletop-gaming-awards/|title=Diehard GameFAN's 2011 Tabletop Gaming Awards|work=[[Diehard GameFan]]|date=December 26, 2011|quote=With ''Vornheim'' you are really getting two products in one: a dark urban fantasy setting where the skin on snakes used as books and a simple but effective city generation system. When you combine the two, you end up with a book that transcends game editions and provides a memorable backdrop for any gaming session.|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190213084145/http://www.ennie-awards.com/blog/about-us/2011-nominees-and-winners/|archivedate=February 13, 2019|accessdate=March 16, 2019}}</ref> |- | 2012 | IndieCade | "Nkà na ụzụ kacha mma nke afọ" <ref name="indiecade-award-2012">{{Cite web|url=https://indiegamereviewer.com/indiecade-2012-indie-game-award-winners-the-complete-list/|title=IndieCade 2012 Indie Game Award Winners - The Complete List|work=Indie Game Review|date=October 5, 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190301074800/https://indiegamereviewer.com/indiecade-2012-indie-game-award-winners-the-complete-list/|archivedate=March 1, 2019|accessdate=February 28, 2019}}</ref> |- | 2014 | Indie RPG Awards | "Mmepụta kacha mma" <ref name="indie-rpg-award-2014">{{Cite web|url=http://www.indie-rpg-awards.com/2014/best_production.shtml|title=Best Production, 2014|work=The Indie RPG Awards|year=2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160406102246/http://www.indie-rpg-awards.com/2014/best_production.shtml|archivedate=April 6, 2016|accessdate=March 16, 2019}}</ref> | rowspan="3" | ''Ala uhie na nke mara mma'' |- | rowspan="2" | 2015 | rowspan="2" | Ennie ihe nrite | Ọlaọcha maka "ihe omume kacha mma" + "Ngwaahịa nke Afọ" <ref name="ennies-2015">{{Cite web|url=http://www.ennie-awards.com/blog/about-us/2014-ennie-awards-nominees/2015-ennie-award-winners/|title=2015 ENnie Award Winners|work=ENnie Awards|year=2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190503053518/http://www.ennie-awards.com/blog/about-us/2014-ennie-awards-nominees/2015-ennie-award-winners/|archivedate=May 3, 2019|accessdate=February 28, 2019}}</ref> <ref name="bc-ennies-2015">{{Cite web|first=Christopher|author=Helton|url=https://www.bleedingcool.com/2015/08/01/bleeding-gen-con-two-best-four-days-gaming/|title=Bleeding Gen Con: Two Of The Best Four Days In Gaming|work=[[Bleeding Cool]]|date=August 1, 2015|quote=The shocker of the awards was Zak Smith’s ''A Red & Pleasant Land'', published by Finnish small press publisher ''Lamentations of the Flame Princess'', winning 2 gold and 2 silver ''ENnies'', including Best Writing and Best Setting.|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151215202240/http://www.bleedingcool.com/2015/08/01/bleeding-gen-con-two-best-four-days-gaming/|archivedate=December 15, 2015|accessdate=March 12, 2019}}</ref> |- | Ọlaedo maka "Ntọala Kasị Mma" + "Odede Kasị Mma" <ref name="ennies-2015" /> <ref name="bc-ennies-2015" /> |- | rowspan="2" | 2016 | rowspan="2" | Ennie ihe nrite | Ọlaọcha maka "ihe osise kacha mma" + "Odede kacha mma" <ref name="ennies-2016">{{Cite web|url=http://www.ennie-awards.com/blog/about-us/2014-ennie-awards-nominees/2015-ennie-award-winners/2016-ennie-award-winners/|title=2016 ENnie Award Winners|work=ENnie Awards|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190503163426/http://www.ennie-awards.com/blog/about-us/2014-ennie-awards-nominees/2015-ennie-award-winners/2016-ennie-award-winners/|archivedate=May 3, 2019|accessdate=February 28, 2019}}</ref> | rowspan="2" | ''Maze nke Blue Medusa'' |- | Gold maka "akwụkwọ eletrọnịkị kacha mma" <ref name="ennies-2016" /> |- | rowspan="2" | 2018 | rowspan="2" | Ennie Awards | Ọlaọcha maka ihe kacha mma "Nkà - Ime ime" + "Ntọala" + "Ide ihe" <ref name="ennies-2018">{{Cite web|url=http://www.ennie-awards.com/blog/about-us/2018-nominations/|title=2018 ENnie Noms and Winners|work=ENnie Awards|year=2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190413043015/http://www.ennie-awards.com/blog/about-us/2018-nominations/|archivedate=April 13, 2019|accessdate=February 28, 2019}}</ref> | rowspan="2" | ''Frostbitten & Mgbuchapụ'' |- | Ọlaedo maka "Anụ anụ/onye iro kacha mma" <ref name="ennies-2018" /> |- |} == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * {{IMDb name|nm2280859|Zak Sabbath}} * Zak Sabbath at the Internet Adult Film Database * [https://www.rpggeek.com/rpgdesigner/39331/zak-smith-i Zak Smith] at rpggeek.com [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] jrl98j24phk5orxmh4g6q8ozba8kr4w 0 45703 644584 168381 2026-05-31T09:21:58Z ~2026-32314-82 62081 Fixed reference errors 644584 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Sàngódáre Gbádégesin Àjàlá''' (1948–2021) bụ onye na-ese ihe [[Naijiria|na Naijiria]] bụ ọkachamara na akwa aka. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Venice Biennale 2024|url=https://universes.art/en/venice-biennale/2024/foreigners-everywhere-tour-5/sangodare-gbadegesin-ajala|publisher=Universes.art}}</ref> <ref name="fejzula" /> E gosipụtara ọrụ ya na ihe ngosi etiti nke 60th Venice Biennale na 2024. <ref>{{Cite web|title=60th Venice Biennale: A Venice Guide to Art from Africa and the Global Diaspora|url=https://contemporaryand.com/magazines/a-guide-to-art-from-africa-and-the-global-diaspora/|publisher=Contemporary And}}</ref> Àjàlá bụ agbụrụ [[Ndi Yoruba|Yoruba]] . Ọ nweghị agụmakwụkwọ ọ bụla, ọ kụzikwaara onwe ya ihe. Ruo ogologo oge, o bi n'ụlọ [[Susanne Wenger]] ma were ya na nne ya kuchiri ya. <ref>{{Cite news|author=Walker|first=Andrew|title=The white priestess of 'black magic'|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/7595841.stm|work=BBC|date=10 September 2008}}</ref> Ọrụ bụ́ isi Àjàlá na-arụ bụ ụkọchukwu nke chi Shango . <ref name="modern_ghana" /> N’ihi nke a, Àjàlá maara nnọọ ihe banyere agba agba ndị Yoruba, ọ na-eji ya eme ihe na batik ya, mgbe ụfọdụ ọ na-ewe ihe ruru agba iri atọ na ise. <ref name="fejzula">{{Cite web|author=Fejzula|first=Merve|title=Ṣàngódáre Gbádégẹsin Àjàlá|url=https://www.labiennale.org/en/art/2024/nucleo-contemporaneo/s%CC%A3a%CC%80ngo%CC%81da%CC%81re-gba%CC%81de%CC%81ge%CC%A3sin-a%CC%80ja%CC%80la%CC%81|publisher=Venice Biennale}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFFejzula">Fejzula, Merve. [https://www.labiennale.org/en/art/2024/nucleo-contemporaneo/s%CC%A3a%CC%80ngo%CC%81da%CC%81re-gba%CC%81de%CC%81ge%CC%A3sin-a%CC%80ja%CC%80la%CC%81 "Ṣàngódáre Gbádégẹsin Àjàlá"]. Venice Biennale.</cite></ref> Na 2014, 25 feet (7.6 m) ogologo batik ''Oro Sise:'' Ụlọ akwụkwọ Azụmahịa Saïd na Mahadum Oxford zụtara ma gosipụta mmalite. <ref name="modern_ghana">{{Cite news|title=Nigerian artwork displayed at Oxford University's Saïd Business School|url=https://www.modernghana.com/news/540135/nigerian-artwork-displayed-at-oxford-universitys-sad-busin.html|work=Modern Ghana|date=9 May 2014}}</ref> == Ntụaka == Àjàlá na-arụ bụ ụkọchukwu nke chi Shango{{Reflist}} hnkysbtpw7kzqvvpwr9pk3b1gdkjo2o 0 45789 644241 171182 2026-05-30T19:46:04Z Wikipedian12512(alt) 61413 ce 644241 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Wayne Barker''' ((1963-07-27 ), Pretoria), onye na-ese ihe nkiri South Africa. Barker dabeere na Johannesburg . <ref name=":2">{{Cite web|title=WAYNE BARKER {{!}} Biography {{!}} Everard Read Gallery Johannesburg|url=https://www.everard-read.co.za/artist/WAYNE_BARKER/biography/|accessdate=2022-05-26|work=www.everard-read.co.za}}</ref> Ọ ghọrọ onye a ma ama na ngwụcha afọ 80, n'oge ọgba aghara ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị n'okpuru ọchịchị Apartheid . Ọrụ ya egosila na ọtụtụ biennales zuru ụwa ọnụ, ihe ngosi nka na ihe ngosi ihe ngosi dị mkpa. Ọ na-arụ ọrụ na usoro dị iche iche, gụnyere mana ọnweghị oke na eserese, ibipụta akwụkwọ, ihe ọkpụkpụ, vidiyo, arụmọrụ na ntinye. Na mgbakwunye na mmekorita ya na ndị ọzọ na-ese ihe, Barker ejikọtala na Qubeka Beadwork Studio nke dabeere na [[Cape Town]], iji ghọta nnukwu ihe mkpuchi iko. <ref>{{Cite web|author=McCann|first=Louise|date=2017-04-22|title=Wayne Barker: So bad. So good.|url=https://10and5.com/2017/04/22/wayne-barker-so-bad-so-good/|accessdate=2022-05-26|work=Between 10 and 5|language=en-ZA|archivedate=2022-06-02|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220602004035/https://10and5.com/2017/04/22/wayne-barker-so-bad-so-good/}}</ref> == Ndụ mbido == A mụrụ Barker na Pretoria na 27 Julaị 1963 nye ezinụlọ ọcha, na-arụ ọrụ n'ogo nke Apartheid. Nna Barker bụ onye ọkwọ ụgbọ elu South Africa Airforce, mechara bụrụ onye na-anya ụgbọ elu azụmahịa na n'ihi ya, Barker na ụmụnne ya tolitere na ọdụ ndị agha Valhalla na Pretoria. Valhalla bụ ọdụ ụgbọ elu kacha ochie na mba ahụ, na-arụ ọrụ kemgbe 1921. <ref name=":0">{{Cite book|title=Wayne Barker – Artist's Monograph|author=Atkinson|first=Brenda|publisher=Chalkham Hill Press|year=2000|isbn=0-620-26018-1|location=Johannesburg}}</ref> Tolite n'ime ikuku nke Pretoria nke ukwuu na 70s nwere ike ịhụ n'ụzọ ụfọdụ dị ka ihe na-akpali akpali na ihe na-enye aka n'ịwakpo Barker na-enupụ isi na mkpasu iwe na kpọmkwem conservatism. Na Artist's Monologue, Barker na-akọ na ọ bụ nwata:   Barker na nwanne ya nwoke gara Glen High School na Pretoria, tupu achụpụ ya na 1976 mgbe ejidere ya maka ịzụrụ wii wii. N'oge ọ dị afọ iri na ụma, Barker hapụrụ ụlọ ka ọ mụta ịkpụ osisi n'ụsọ oké osimiri na Ndagwurugwu Nature na Western Cape. <ref>{{Cite book|author=Barker|first=Wayne|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/46670750|title=Wayne Barker : artist's monograph|date=2000|publisher=Chalkham Hill Press|others=Charl Blignaut, Brenda Atkinson|isbn=0-620-26018-1|location=[Rivonia, Johannesburg, South Africa]|oclc=46670750}}</ref> Na 1983, mgbe ọ gbasasịrị akụkọ ihe mere eme nka na Michaelis, Barker laghachiri n'ụlọ nna ya siri ọnwụ na ọ sonyere ndị agha South Africa dị ka ọgbọ atọ nke ndị Barker n'ihu ya nwere. Nye Barker, SANDF nọchitere anya ihe niile gbasara South Africa ebe ọ na-enweghị ọchịchọ ma ọ bụ ikike isonye na ya. N'oge ahụ, ọnọdụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị siri ike ahụla ihe a na-amaghị na mbụ, ma na-enwe nrụgide siri ike ma mba ụwa ma site n'ime. Mmụba nkwụsi ike megide ọchịchị ịkpa ókè agbụrụ ebutelarị mwakpo ndị agha na-awakpo ebe obibi nkeonwe, yana mmebi ikike mmadụ. Agbanyeghị, n'agbanyeghị na ọ chọghị, akwụkwọ ndebanye aha Barker mechara bịarute, ọ ga-ahụkwa onwe ya na Pretoria na ọdụ ndị agha Voortrekkerhoogte. A tụrụ ndị jụrụ ọrụ ahụ mkpọrọ, yabụ ọ bụrụ na ọ ga-apụ a ga-ahapụ ya. N'ime izu abụọ ọ na-egwu egwu wee kee akụkụ nke mechara mee ka a kwupụta na ya erughị eru maka ọrụ n'ihi enweghị mgbagha uche. Mgbe ọ bịarutere n'ụlọ, ndị mụrụ Barker jụrụ ya, na inwe ụzọ nke ya kwagara Johannesburg ka ọ bụrụ onye na-ese ihe n'obi. <ref name=":0"/> == Agụmakwụkwọ == Mgbe ọ bịarutere n'ụlọ na mmecha nke ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị, Barker gbasoro akwụkwọ nkà ya na Pretoria Technikon, malite diploma na Fine Art na 1981 tupu ya aga n'ihu na-amụ ihe n'ebe BA na nkà si na Michaelis School of Fine Art na Mahadum Cape Town . <ref name=":2"/> Na Michaelis, Barker ga-amalite ịjụ ajụjụ gbasara nkà na-eme ihe ngosi na ọkwa ụlọ akwụkwọ. Na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, South Africa nọ na-enwe oge ọgba aghara ya ugbu a, nke Cape Town, dịka Barker siri kwuo, ọ dị ka enweghị mmasị. Maka ọrụ akpụrụ akpụ n'okpuru nlekọta nke Michaelis' Neville Dubow, bụ nke achọrọ ụmụ akwụkwọ ka ha kpụrụ "mgbatị ahụ nke ahụ ha", Barker gbapụrụ na omume nke ga-ahụ ụmụ klas ya na-emepụta mgbatị anụ ahụ ma họrọ maka ịrụ ọrụ. Barker họọrọ kama, iji ejiji dị ka onye nkuzi ya ma mee ka ụmụ akwụkwọ ibe ya tụba ya bọọlụ tenis, na-ekepụta ndọtị nke nwoke ahụ dị ka ogige tenis, <ref name=":0"/> nke Dubow ghọtara n'ụzọ doro anya na-adịghị mma. Mgbe afọ abụọ gachara na Cape Town, ọ ga-alaghachi Gauteng na-enweghị akara ugo mmụta ya wee debanye aha ya na South Africa National Defence Force. Mgbe obere oge ọ nọrọ na SANDF, ma mee ihe ruo nwa oge, Barker gara n'ihu na-agbaso akara ugo mmụta postgraduate na Fine art na Ecole des Beaux-Arts a ma ama na Marseilles, France na 1998, <ref name=":2"/> oge niile. ịmepụta na ịgbakwunye otu ọrụ nke nọgidere na-enwe mmekọrịta ọha na eze na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na obodo ya na mba ọzọ.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2021)">a chọrọ nkọwa</span>]]'' &#x5D;</sup> == Ọrụ na ọrụ == Aha Barker aghọọla aha ya na nnupụisi na enweghị uche, nke a pụrụ ịchọta aha ya na akụkọ nke ọtụtụ ndị ha na ya dịkọrọ ndụ, ndị enyi ya na ndị ga-abụ ndị na-ege ya ntị. A na-akpọkarị ya dị ka inwe "mmekọahụ, ọgwụ ọjọọ na rock nroll" ụzọ maka nka mara mma, onye ya abụrụla ihe mgbakwunye ama ama na njirimara nka ya. A na-akpọ ya mgbe niile dị ka onye dị egwu na mpaghara nka South Africa, na-enwe mmetụta miri emi na ndụ na nka, na-adabere na uri yana ntinye siri ike na eziokwu ma ọ bụ ịchụso ya. Ọ bụghị ihe ijuanya na n'ime oge ọ na-arụ ọrụ ya, ọ kpasuru iwe, gbaghaa ma banye na mmiri ọkụ ihe karịrị otu ugboro. Esemokwu mbụ dị mkpa yana kwa ihe omume nke kpalitere Barker n'anya ọha gbadoro ụkwụ na asọmpi ịse ihe osise nke 1990 Standard Bank nke ọ banyere n'ọrụ a na-edozibeghị nke ukwuu na ngwa ngwa n'okpuru aha Africa Andrew Moletsi. N'ihi ya, e depụtara ọrụ Moletsi, ebe Barker na-anọghị, na-akọwapụta usoro ikpe ikpe na-adịghị mma, nke agbụrụ agbụrụ na-achịkwa usoro nhọrọ. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2021)">a chọrọ nkọwa</span>]]'' &#x5D;</sup> === Ụlọ ihe nkiri International ama ama === Barker's Famous International Gallery (FIG) bụ oge mgbanwe na ihe ngosi nka nke South Africa n'oge niile ọ dị site na 1989 ruo 1995. Oghere na-agba ọsọ nke onye na-ese ihe, gallery bụ oghere maka ndị na-eto eto na-ese ihe n'oge ahụ iji gosipụta ọrụ ha. Ụlọ ihe ngosi ahụ nyere ndị na-ese ihe ohere igosi ọrụ nke ọtụtụ ma ọ bụrụ na ọ bụghị ụlọ ahịa azụmahịa niile n'oge ahụ agaghị emetụ aka, na-emepụta ikpo okwu maka imebi ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na nke ọha na eze na ihe nkiri South Africa nke ga-abụ ngwá ọrụ. Ọtụtụ n'ime ndị na-ese ihe na-emecha bụrụ ndị a ma ama, gụnyere [[Kendell Geers]], [[Minnette Vári|Minette Vari]], [[Barend De Wet]], na Stephen Cohen. <ref name=":0"/> === Coke na-agbakwunye ndụ === [[Usòrò:Coke_Adds_Life.png|thumb| Nlele nwụnye nke ''Coke na-agbakwunye ndụ'' na Everard Read Gallery na Johannesburg, South Africa na 1993]] Na 1993, otu afọ ka njedebe nke Agha Obodo Mozambique, Barker kere nnukwu ntinye ntinye na Everard Read Gallery na Johannesburg nke isiokwu ya bụ Coke Adds Life. N'ịbụ ndị na-ewere aha ya site na usoro mgbasa ozi telivishọn nke na-akpọsa Coca-Cola, okwu ndị ahụ ghọrọ ihe gbara ọchịchịrị karịa ka ndị jingle maara nke ọma, na-enwe obi ụtọ na-egosi. Echichi ahụ sitere n'ike mmụọ nsọ njem na [[Mozambique]], nke Barker gara ụlọ ọgwụ nke yiri ka ọ gbahapụrụ. Kama nke ndị dọkịta rikpuru, Barker chọtara, kama, ọtụtụ igwe na-ere ahịa Coca-Cola. <ref name=":2"/> ''"Ijegharị na Mozambique na ịgagharị n'ụlọ ọgwụ na ịhụghị dọkịta na ịhụ igwe coke na mba a nke agha tisasịrị bụụrụ m nnukwu ntinye nke Apartheid ya mere ntinye mbụ m mere bụ Coke Adds Life. Ọ bụrụ na ị nwere ike nweta igwe coke na apartheid. ụlọ ọgwụ, ị nweghị ike ịnweta dọkịta?"'' Wayne Barker, 2002 <ref name=":1">{{Cite news|title=Wayne Barker – Rendez-Vous|date=2015}}</ref> === Ọ dịghị ihe na-efunahụ na Eluigwe na Ala === [[Usòrò:Zelbst.png|áká_èkpè|thumb| ''Zelbst,'' akụkụ nke ihe ngosi n'ozuzu ya, ''Ọ dịghị Ihe Na-efunahụ Eluigwe na Ala'' na Osisi Frank Hanel na Frankfurt na 1995]] Ọ dịghị ihe na-efunahụ ya na Eluigwe na Ala bụ ihe ngosi solo nke atọ nke Barker, nke egosiri na FIG Gallery na 1995, na mgbe e mesịrị Osisi Frank Hanel na Frankfurt, Germany. N'ịmara akụkụ ụfọdụ site na ịrị elu nke eziokwu na kọmitii dị n'otu nke ji nwayọọ nwayọọ na-ewepụta eziokwu gbara ọchịchịrị nke zoro ezo n'oge ochie nke Apartheid, ihe ngosi ahụ nwere uwe mkpuchi latex jupụtara na ihe ndị a chọtara n'okporo ámá Frankfurt yana nnukwu ntinye foto. . Barker ewepụtala aha ya ogologo oge dị ka onye na-agba ọkụ, ya bụ, onye na-aga n'okporo ámá obodo na-achịkọta ihe na ahụmahụ. <ref name=":0"/> N'ime ọnụ ụlọ dị n'akụkụ, a kwụsịrị ọrụ akpọrọ 'Zelbst' nke karịrị foto ndị isi ojii 300 na 1970 South Africa, kwụsịrị n'uko ụlọ. Ihe ngosi ahụ kwuru okwu banyere echiche nke ihe ahụ n'otu ọkwa, gbasara uwe aka latex na ihe dị n'ime ha - ọ dịghị ihe na-efunahụ ya na mbara igwe, ọ bụ naanị n'okpuru ọnọdụ dị iche iche, na otu akụkọ ihe mere eme na patina jikọtara ya. N'ọkwa ọzọ, ihe osise na-adọrọ adọrọ nke mebere Zelbst na-agwa ụdị mmetụta dị iche iche na-ejikọtaghị ya na nke ihe mkpuchi latex gosipụtara. Ndị a dị oke egwu maka nnọchite anya, oge oyi kpọnwụrụ n'oge, gbanwere site na foto ka ọ bụrụ ihe, ọ bụghị ihe dị ka egbe egwuregwu ụmụaka, ọkpọkọ na ihe nzacha kọfị a hụrụ n'okporo ụzọ Frankfurt. N'ụzọ dị otú a, Barker ghọrọ onye kasị mma flaneur, onye na-anakọta ahụmahụ ndụ, na-achụso echiche na akụkọ ihe mere eme adịghị echefu, nakwa na ọ dịghị ihe na-efunahụ na eluigwe na ala. </link><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2021)">a chọrọ nkọwa</span>]]'' &#x5D;</sup> == Ihe ngosi ahọpụtara, mkpokọta na akwụkwọ ọgụgụ == === Solo === * 2016 - ''Ụwa nke gbanwere ihe oyiyi,'' Everard Read Contemporary Gallery, Johannesburg * 2015 - ''Nwoke nkịtị'', CIRCA Gallery, Johannesburg * 2012 - ''Ala ịhụnanya'', CIRCA Gallery, Johannesburg * 2010 ** ''Super na-agwụ ike'', SMAC Art Gallery, Stellenbosch ** ''Super Boring'', Standard Bank, Polokwane ** ''Super Boring'', Standard Bank Gallery, Johannesburg * 2008 - ''Heal'', UCA gallery, Cape Town * 2005 - ''Ala na Ọchịchọ'', Gerard Sekoto Gallery, Alliance Francaise, Johannesburg * 2003 - ''Ndị hụrụ n'anya na Gurus'', Contemporary Art Space, Caen, France * 2002 - ''Ọ dị mma'', Omenala Crosspath, New York. * 2001 - ''Ụmụ nwanne abụọ'', Fig Gallery, London * 1999 - ''Fin de Ciècle'', Nantes, France * 1998 ** ''Kunst bụ Kinderspielen'', Kunsthalle, Krems, Austria ** ''Mma na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị'', Ụlọ ihe nkiri Millennium, Pretoria ** ''A na-asachapụ ihe niile na Pretoria'', Millennium Gallery, Pretoria * 1997 ** ''A na-asachapụ ihe niile na Africa'', Gallery Frank Hanel, Cape Town ** ''A na-asachapụ ihe niile na Africa'', Gallery Frank Hanel, Frankfurt, Germany * 1996 - ''Ọ dịghị ihe na-efunahụ na Eluigwe na Ala'', Fig Gallery, Johannesburg * 1995 - ''Ọ dịghị ihe na-efunahụ na Eluigwe na Ala'', Gallery Frank Hanel, Frankfurt, Germany * 1994 - ''Udo Site na Ọbara'', Fig Gallery, Johannesburg * 1993 - ''Coke na-agbakwunye ndụ'', Everard Gụọ Contemporary Gallery, Johannesburg * 1992 - ''Akụkụ atọ nke ịhụnanya'', Everard Read Contemporary Gallery, Johannesburg * 1987 - ''Foto dị na metal'', Ụlọ ihe nkiri Market, Johannesburg === Ihe ngosi otu === * 2013 - ''My Joburg,'' la maison rouge, Paris (F), 20 June - 22 Septemba, Ndị na-ahụ maka ọrụ: Paula Aisemberg na Antoine de Galbert. Na emume nke South Africa-France Cultural * 2009 - ''I Linguaggi del Mondo: Asụsụ nke Ụwa'', ihe ngosi nkwekọrịta na Venice Biennale, Palazzo Querini Art House, Venice, Italy * 2009 - ''Nnukwu ihe ngosi ịgba ọtọ South Africa'', Everard Read, Johannesburg * 2009 - ''Akụkọ ihe mere eme'', UCT Gallery, Cape Town, South Africa * 2008 - ''Mkpokọta 10'', SMAC Art Gallery, Stellenbosch * 2007 - ''Ihe ngosi nka nka Sasol wax'', Johannesburg Art Museum * 2006 - ''Urban Jungle'', Afronova, Johannesburg * 2001 - ''Enweghị Logo'', Prince Albert Museum, London, UK * 1998 ** ''Kleine Plastiche Triennale'', Stuttgart, Germany ** ''memórias íntimas marcas'', Electric Workshop, Johannesburg * 1997 ** ''Ụwa dị larịị'', echichi, Alternating Currents, Trade Route: ''History and'' ''Geography'', 2nd Johannesburg Biennale, Johannesburg, South Africa curated site [[Okwui Enwezor|Okwui]], [[Okwui Enwezor|Enwezor]], na Octavio Zaya ** ''Africa niile na-asachapụ na Africa'', French Pavilion, Venice Biennale, Italy ** Köln Art ngosi, n'okpuru nkwado nke Frank Hanel Gallery, Frankfurt, Germany ** Frankfurt Art Fair, n'okpuru nkwado nke Frank Hanel Gallery, Frankfurt, Germany ** ''Atọ x iri'', Frank Hanel Gallery, Cape Town ** ''Ọdịnihu, dị ugbu a, nka South Africa dị ugbu a'', Goodman Gallery, Johannesburg * 1996 ** ''Agba'', Haus der Kulturen der Welt, Berlin, Germany - Onye isi ala Nelson Mandela meghere ** ''Groundswell: Art Contemporary si South Africa'', Mermaid Gallery, London * 1995 ** ''Africus, Black na-ele anya akụkọ ifo ndị ọcha'', Johannesburg mbụ Biennale, onye nlekọta South Africa: Octavio Zaya Africus ** The Laager, Mbụ Johannesburg Biennale, Johannesburg * 1995 ** ''Scurvy'', New Town Gallery, Johannesburg ** ''Enwere ike ịdị naanị nka: nka na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị'', Pretoria Art Museum, Pretoria ** ''Brown na Green'', Pretoria Art Museum, Pretoria * 1993 - ''Ihe Ọhụrụ na-esi n'Africa pụta mgbe niile'', Newtown Gallery, Johannesburg * 1992 - Volkskas Atelier, Pietersburg Art Museum, Pietersburg * 1989 - ''Ịkwatu mgbidi: Pierneef Series'', FIG Gallery, Johannesburg === Nchịkọta === * Nchịkọta Anglo American * Durban Art Museum * Nchịkọta Gencor * Iziko South African National Gallery * Ụlọ ihe ngosi nka nke Johannesburg * Mkpokọta MTN * Polokwane Art Museum * Pretoria Art Museum * Ụgwọ nke ụlọ ọrụ Rand Merchant Bank * Nchịkọta Sanlam * Nchịkọta Sasol * Nchịkọta SABC * Ụlọ ihe nkiri Civic Sandton * Spier * Ụlọ akụ Standard Bank * Wits Art Museum (nke bụbu Gertrude Posel Gallery), Mahadum Witwatersrand === Katalọgụ, na akụkọ === * 'Super Boring', 2010, SMAC & Standard Bank Gallery * 'NJ nke ndị nka South Africa' (katalọgụ), 2004, Sharlene Khan (ed). Ụlọ ihe nkiri nke Fortis Circus, Holland * "Wayne Barker: Monograph Artist", 2000, Brenda Atkinson (ed) * "Ụzọ azụmaahịa: akụkọ ihe mere eme na ọdịdị ala", 1997, Matthew DeBord (ed) Katalọgụ, 2nd Johannesburg Biennale * "Nkà South Africa nke oge a: mkpokọta Gencor", 1997, Kendal Geers (ed) * "Art na South Africa: ọdịnihu dị ugbu a", 1996, Sue Williamson na Ashraf Jamal (eds) * "Agba", 1996, Haus der Kulturen der Welt, Catalogu, * "Africus: Mbụ Johannesburg Biennale", 1995, Candice Breitz (ed), Katalọgụ == Hụkwa == Webụsaịtị gọọmentị - [https://web.archive.org/web/20200109231119/http://www.waynebarker.co.za/ Wayne Barker] == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] jba8f6aita4yew3eaw71b79h4i4j92g 0 45805 644469 168540 2026-05-31T03:51:42Z Goodymeraj 16207 644469 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Stanley " Stan " Burnside''' ( eje 1947) bụ onye na-ese ihe nkiri Bahamian, onye na-ese ihe na onye na-eji ejiji ejiji.  Site na 1979 ruo 2019, o dere katoon nchịkọta akụkọ Sideburns maka The Nassau Guardian .  Dị ka onye na-ese ihe, usoro imekọ ihe ọnụ nke Junkanoo, bụ njem nlegharị anya n'okporo ụzọ ámá Caribbean kwa afọ, ụdị ya.  Ọ bụ onye nna na onye ntụzi nka maka Junkanoo Saxon Superstars na Otu Ezin ihe.  O tinyekwala aka na otutu nka ya na ndị na-ese ihe Bahamian ibe ya na B-CAUSE mebere ya, otu onye na-ese ihe raara onwe ya nye n'ịtọpụta ụlọ ngịka mba maka Bahamas na ụlọ nka mba.  A na-akpọ ya "olu ọsụ ụzọ na Afrofuturism Amụrụ na Nassau, Burnside gara ụlọ akwụkwọ na United States, na-anata BFA na MFA ya na Mahadum Pennsylvania .  Ọ kuziri nka na Bahamas rue 1990 == Ndụ mmalite na agụmakwụkwọ == Stanley Burnside na 1947 na Nassau, Bahamas.  [1] Sidney Poitier bụ nwa nwanne nna ya mbụ e wepụrụ ya.  [2] Ọ akwụkwọ akwụkwọ na Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts wee nata BFA na Mahadum Pennsylvania .  [3] N'ọgwụgwụ 1960s, Burnside osisi MFA na Mahadum Pennsylvania.  [4] Mgbe nke ahụ ahụ, ọ nrụpụta na United States, na-achọta ụdị album maka ndị na-ese R&B na ike <ref name="NAGB">{{Cite web|author=Willis|first=Natalie|title=From the Collection: 'Solomon' (2000) by Stan Burnside|url=https://nagb.org.bs/2019-10-21-from-the-collection-solomon-2000-by-stan-burnside/|publisher=National Art Gallery of the Bahamas|date=21 October 2019|accessdate=28 March 2023|archivedate=28 March 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230328020827/https://nagb.org.bs/2019-10-21-from-the-collection-solomon-2000-by-stan-burnside/}}</ref> == Ọrụ nka == Burnside la mfe na Nassau na 1979 wee bụrụ prọfesọ nka na nwanne nke Bahamas ruo 1990 <ref name="ArtReview">{{Cite news|author=Rappolt|first=Mark|title=Stan Burnside and Tavares Strachan: 'We Get to Make Meaning'|url=https://artreview.com/stan-burnside-and-tavares-strachan-we-get-to-make-meaning/|work=ArtReview|date=25 November 2022|language=en|accessdate=28 March 2023}}</ref> <ref name="NAGB">{{Cite web|author=Willis|first=Natalie|title=From the Collection: 'Solomon' (2000) by Stan Burnside|url=https://nagb.org.bs/2019-10-21-from-the-collection-solomon-2000-by-stan-burnside/|publisher=National Art Gallery of the Bahamas|date=21 October 2019|accessdate=28 March 2023|archivedate=28 March 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230328020827/https://nagb.org.bs/2019-10-21-from-the-collection-solomon-2000-by-stan-burnside/}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFWillis2019">Willis, Natalie (21 October 2019). [https://nagb.org.bs/2019-10-21-from-the-collection-solomon-2000-by-stan-burnside/ "From the Collection: 'Solomon' (2000) by Stan Burnside"]. National Art Gallery of the Bahamas. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230328020827/https://nagb.org.bs/2019-10-21-from-the-collection-solomon-2000-by-stan-burnside/ Archived] from the original on 28 March 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 March</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> Burnside bụ onye isi nka nka na onye maka otu egwuregwu okporo ụzọ ụzọ Junkanoo kwa afọ One Family na Saxon Superstars.  [1] O mechakwara duru ndị otu Marina Village Junkanoo Troupe.  Ihe nka nka nke Burnside na nche Junkanoo na-eji-eji na agba nke emume omenala ahụ.  Na 1985 Burnside na nwanne ya nwoke Jackson aka na Faces, ihe osise ọkpụkpụ.  Burnside ọrụ ahụ dị ka ihe na-aga n'ihu nke nka ha ibu site na Junkanoo, na-ekwu "Ọ bụ mbọ anyị iwere usoro ahụ, imekọ ihe ọnụ Junkanoo, n'ime ụlọ ihe ọrụ." <ref name="The Current">{{Cite web|title=Burnside, Beadle & Roberts|url=https://thecurrent.bahamar.com/collections/burnside-beadle-roberts|publisher=The Current|accessdate=27 March 2023|archivedate=28 March 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230328172136/https://thecurrent.bahamar.com/collections/burnside-beadle-roberts}}</ref> Na 1991, Burnside sonyeere ndị nka ise ndị ọzọ ka ha njikere B-CAUSE (Bahamian Creative Artists United for Serious Expression).  Ndị otu ahụ, nke nwanne ya nwoke Jackson, yana ndị na-ese ihe Brent Malone, Maxwell Taylor, John Beadle, na Antonius Roberts, raara onwe ha nye na ntọala nke National Art Gallery nke Bahamas na ụlọ akwụkwọ nkà nke mba. Burnside, nwanne ya, na Beadle rụkọrọ ọrụ ruo otu oge n'ime ụlọ Junkanoo tupu ha usoro usoro Jammin I. Ha nkata ntọala mkpokọta ihe nkiri Jammin na atọ Burnside-Beadle-Burnside. Roberts na Malone sonyeere mkpokọta na 1993, na-eke Jammin II.  Burnside-Beadle-Burnside ọrụ ha na Atlanta, Georgia, maka ozi Olimpik Summer 1996 .  Ha gosikwara Jammin III na Brazil na São Paulo Art Biennial .  Burnside mechara sonye na Beadle na Antonius Roberts ịga n'ihu usoro Jammin dị ka Burnside, Beadle & Roberts<ref name="The Current" /> Burnside bụ otu n'ime ndị nka ozira na ihe nkiri akwụkwọ 2008 Artists of the Bahamas nke Karen Arthur na Tom Neuwirth dere.  [1] ArtReview gosiri Burnside "olu ọsụ ụzọ na Afrofuturism ".  [2] Ihe osise nke Burnside bụ onye omenkà Jamaal Rolle mere na 2014. [3] Burnside bụ onye na peeji nke 2014 IAAF World Relays . <ref>{{Cite news|author=Benjamin-Smith|first=Dionne|title=Local artist gives Bahamian touch to IAAF World Relays|url=http://www.thebahamasweekly.com/publish/arts-and-culture/Local_artist_gives_Bahamian_touch_to_IAAF_World_Relays35086.shtml|work=The Bahamas Weekly|date=23 May 2014|accessdate=28 March 2023}}</ref> Burnside egosila na United States, France, Dominican Republic, Bermuda, Cuba, Ecuador, na Venezuela. Ihe osise isiokwu ya nke afọ 2000 bụ Solomon na-echeta onye egwu Bahamian Exuma dị ka Eze Solomọn ma ọ bụrụ na akụkọ nke nchịkọta nke National Art Gallery nke Bahamas.  [2] Agụ akwụkwọ ya na mkpokọta Museo de Arte Moderno, Santo Domingo na Art Museum of Americas na Washington, DC.  [3] Ihe ngosi solo nke Burnside 2022 na Galerie Perrotin dị na New York, Stanley Burnside: Ka Oge Na-aga, bụ onye otu ya, onye Bahamian chepụtara ihe nka Tavares Strachan chepụtara ya. <ref name="ArtReview" /> === ''Ọfụfụ'' === Ndị Nassau Guardian goro Burnside ka ọ bụrụ onye na-ese ihe nkiri na Julaị 1979. Sideburns ya na-egwu egwu na-agba ọsọ ụbọchị isii n'izu na Guardian ruo ọtụtụ iri afọ ma e wezụga obere oge ebe ọ na  -agba ọsọ na Tribune. N'afọ 1983, Burnside eserese ihe nkiri ihe nkiri akwụkwọ mere eme Off der top.  Nke kacha mma nke Sideburns.  Akụkọ katoon nke Bahamas nke oge a .<ref name="College of the Bahamas Library">{{Cite web|author=Gottardi|first=Angela|title=Selected Bibliography from the Special Collections Department of the College of the Bahamas Library|url=https://journals.sfu.ca/cob/index.php/files/article/download/32/29|publisher=The College of The Bahamas Library|accessdate=28 March 2023|archivedate=28 March 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230328172136/https://journals.sfu.ca/cob/index.php/files/article/download/32/29}}</ref> Ihe nkiri sideburns na-, agwa otu, agwa dị ka Shack Rat na Goose Tourism.  [1] Katuun nchịkọta akụkọ a na-ekwukarị okwu gbasara Bahamas, ma na-akpakwa anya ihe omume mba ụwa.  N'ime ihe nkiri ndị ahụ, o depụtara ndị na ibe ya, ya na ndị ọ na-achị egwuregwu, mpụ, ngwarechi, anwụ, na azụmahịa. Ọtụtụ ihe nkiri Burnside bụ ihe nkiri ahụ ike .  Njụajụjụ ọnụ 1990 gbara ya, ọ ụdịdị ya dị ka "na-akpa ọchịchị na mmemme ndị- na mpaghara."  Dabere na Burnside, isiokwu ya wepụrụ "froth na efu na obi nke okwu".  Burnside na-enwe nha na nha Bahamas nwere ike ịbụ ihe na-, mana "ọ pụtara na m nwere akara abụọ na-eme ihe mgbaàmà ihe m na-eme, m na-eme nke ọma."  Sideburn jikwa isiokwu nwanne ọrụ, yana Burnside na-akwado maka mmemme ịgba ọgwụ ọrịa, mmemme ịnya ịnya, yana Heart Foundation. <ref name="Ruprecht1995">{{Cite book|author=Ruprecht|first=Alvina Roberta|title=Reordering of Culture: Latin America, the Caribbean and Canada in the Hood|date=1995|publisher=McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP|isbn=978-0-88629-269-0|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=onoI0AI-JJYC&dq=%22Stanley%20Burnside%22&pg=PA415|language=en}}</ref> Mgbe afọ 40 egwuregwu Sideburns, ihe nkiri nna 10,000 panel panel, [1] Nassau Guardian ọrụ ọrụ Burnside na 2019.. <ref>{{Cite news|author=Smith|first=Rogan|title=Sideburns: The End Of An Era|url=https://thisbahamiangyal.com/sideburns-the-end-of-an-era/|work=This Bahamian Gyal|date=31 July 2019|accessdate=28 March 2023}}</ref> == Ihe ngosi ahọpụtara == * 2010: ''The Optical and the Synthetic: Nchịkọta ihe osise na nso nso a nke Stan Burnside'', The Stan Burnside Gallery <ref>{{Cite news|title=Stan Burnside Exhibition opens May 28th|url=http://www.thebahamasweekly.com/publish/arts-and-culture/Stan_Burnside_Exhibition_May_28th10933.shtml|work=The Bahamas Weekly|date=20 May 2010|accessdate=28 March 2023}}</ref> * 2019: ''Ogologo oge: 1950-2007'', National Art Gallery nke Bahamas, Nassau * 2022: ''Stanley Burnside: Ka oge na-aga'', Galerie Perrotin, New York == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] jhvaosu65t2pjg217qee9sr79vmyk2c 644470 644469 2026-05-31T03:53:03Z Goodymeraj 16207 Fixed reference error 644470 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Stanley " Stan " Burnside''' ( eje 1947) bụ onye na-ese ihe nkiri Bahamian, onye na-ese ihe na onye na-eji ejiji ejiji.  Site na 1979 ruo 2019, o dere katoon nchịkọta akụkọ Sideburns maka The Nassau Guardian .  Dị ka onye na-ese ihe, usoro imekọ ihe ọnụ nke Junkanoo, bụ njem nlegharị anya n'okporo ụzọ ámá Caribbean kwa afọ, ụdị ya.  Ọ bụ onye nna na onye ntụzi nka maka Junkanoo Saxon Superstars na Otu Ezin ihe.  O tinyekwala aka na otutu nka ya na ndị na-ese ihe Bahamian ibe ya na B-CAUSE mebere ya, otu onye na-ese ihe raara onwe ya nye n'ịtọpụta ụlọ ngịka mba maka Bahamas na ụlọ nka mba.  A na-akpọ ya "olu ọsụ ụzọ na Afrofuturism Amụrụ na Nassau, Burnside gara ụlọ akwụkwọ na United States, na-anata BFA na MFA ya na Mahadum Pennsylvania .  Ọ kuziri nka na Bahamas rue 1990 == Ndụ mmalite na agụmakwụkwọ == Stanley Burnside na 1947 na Nassau, Bahamas.  [1] Sidney Poitier bụ nwa nwanne nna ya mbụ e wepụrụ ya.  [2] Ọ akwụkwọ akwụkwọ na Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts wee nata BFA na Mahadum Pennsylvania .  [3] N'ọgwụgwụ 1960s, Burnside osisi MFA na Mahadum Pennsylvania.  [4] Mgbe nke ahụ ahụ, ọ nrụpụta na United States, na-achọta ụdị album maka ndị na-ese R&B na ike <ref name="NAGB">{{Cite web|author=Willis|first=Natalie|title=From the Collection: 'Solomon' (2000) by Stan Burnside|url=https://nagb.org.bs/2019-10-21-from-the-collection-solomon-2000-by-stan-burnside/|publisher=National Art Gallery of the Bahamas|date=21 October 2019|accessdate=28 March 2023|archivedate=28 March 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230328020827/https://nagb.org.bs/2019-10-21-from-the-collection-solomon-2000-by-stan-burnside/}}</ref> == Ọrụ nka == Burnside la mfe na Nassau na 1979 wee bụrụ prọfesọ nka na nwanne nke Bahamas ruo 1990 <ref name="ArtReview">{{Cite news|author=Rappolt|first=Mark|title=Stan Burnside and Tavares Strachan: 'We Get to Make Meaning'|url=https://artreview.com/stan-burnside-and-tavares-strachan-we-get-to-make-meaning/|work=ArtReview|date=25 November 2022|language=en|accessdate=28 March 2023}}</ref> <ref name="NAGB" />{{Cite Burnside bụ onye isi nka nka na onye maka otu egwuregwu okporo ụzọ ụzọ Junkanoo kwa afọ One Family na Saxon Superstars.  [1] O mechakwara duru ndị otu Marina Village Junkanoo Troupe.  Ihe nka nka nke Burnside na nche Junkanoo na-eji-eji na agba nke emume omenala ahụ.  Na 1985 Burnside na nwanne ya nwoke Jackson aka na Faces, ihe osise ọkpụkpụ.  Burnside ọrụ ahụ dị ka ihe na-aga n'ihu nke nka ha ibu site na Junkanoo, na-ekwu "Ọ bụ mbọ anyị iwere usoro ahụ, imekọ ihe ọnụ Junkanoo, n'ime ụlọ ihe ọrụ." <ref name="The Current">{{Cite web|title=Burnside, Beadle & Roberts|url=https://thecurrent.bahamar.com/collections/burnside-beadle-roberts|publisher=The Current|accessdate=27 March 2023|archivedate=28 March 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230328172136/https://thecurrent.bahamar.com/collections/burnside-beadle-roberts}}</ref> Na 1991, Burnside sonyeere ndị nka ise ndị ọzọ ka ha njikere B-CAUSE (Bahamian Creative Artists United for Serious Expression).  Ndị otu ahụ, nke nwanne ya nwoke Jackson, yana ndị na-ese ihe Brent Malone, Maxwell Taylor, John Beadle, na Antonius Roberts, raara onwe ha nye na ntọala nke National Art Gallery nke Bahamas na ụlọ akwụkwọ nkà nke mba. Burnside, nwanne ya, na Beadle rụkọrọ ọrụ ruo otu oge n'ime ụlọ Junkanoo tupu ha usoro usoro Jammin I. Ha nkata ntọala mkpokọta ihe nkiri Jammin na atọ Burnside-Beadle-Burnside. Roberts na Malone sonyeere mkpokọta na 1993, na-eke Jammin II.  Burnside-Beadle-Burnside ọrụ ha na Atlanta, Georgia, maka ozi Olimpik Summer 1996 .  Ha gosikwara Jammin III na Brazil na São Paulo Art Biennial .  Burnside mechara sonye na Beadle na Antonius Roberts ịga n'ihu usoro Jammin dị ka Burnside, Beadle & Roberts<ref name="The Current" /> Burnside bụ otu n'ime ndị nka ozira na ihe nkiri akwụkwọ 2008 Artists of the Bahamas nke Karen Arthur na Tom Neuwirth dere.  [1] ArtReview gosiri Burnside "olu ọsụ ụzọ na Afrofuturism ".  [2] Ihe osise nke Burnside bụ onye omenkà Jamaal Rolle mere na 2014. [3] Burnside bụ onye na peeji nke 2014 IAAF World Relays . <ref>{{Cite news|author=Benjamin-Smith|first=Dionne|title=Local artist gives Bahamian touch to IAAF World Relays|url=http://www.thebahamasweekly.com/publish/arts-and-culture/Local_artist_gives_Bahamian_touch_to_IAAF_World_Relays35086.shtml|work=The Bahamas Weekly|date=23 May 2014|accessdate=28 March 2023}}</ref> Burnside egosila na United States, France, Dominican Republic, Bermuda, Cuba, Ecuador, na Venezuela. Ihe osise isiokwu ya nke afọ 2000 bụ Solomon na-echeta onye egwu Bahamian Exuma dị ka Eze Solomọn ma ọ bụrụ na akụkọ nke nchịkọta nke National Art Gallery nke Bahamas.  [2] Agụ akwụkwọ ya na mkpokọta Museo de Arte Moderno, Santo Domingo na Art Museum of Americas na Washington, DC.  [3] Ihe ngosi solo nke Burnside 2022 na Galerie Perrotin dị na New York, Stanley Burnside: Ka Oge Na-aga, bụ onye otu ya, onye Bahamian chepụtara ihe nka Tavares Strachan chepụtara ya. <ref name="ArtReview" /> === ''Ọfụfụ'' === Ndị Nassau Guardian goro Burnside ka ọ bụrụ onye na-ese ihe nkiri na Julaị 1979. Sideburns ya na-egwu egwu na-agba ọsọ ụbọchị isii n'izu na Guardian ruo ọtụtụ iri afọ ma e wezụga obere oge ebe ọ na  -agba ọsọ na Tribune. N'afọ 1983, Burnside eserese ihe nkiri ihe nkiri akwụkwọ mere eme Off der top.  Nke kacha mma nke Sideburns.  Akụkọ katoon nke Bahamas nke oge a .<ref name="College of the Bahamas Library">{{Cite web|author=Gottardi|first=Angela|title=Selected Bibliography from the Special Collections Department of the College of the Bahamas Library|url=https://journals.sfu.ca/cob/index.php/files/article/download/32/29|publisher=The College of The Bahamas Library|accessdate=28 March 2023|archivedate=28 March 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230328172136/https://journals.sfu.ca/cob/index.php/files/article/download/32/29}}</ref> Ihe nkiri sideburns na-, agwa otu, agwa dị ka Shack Rat na Goose Tourism.  [1] Katuun nchịkọta akụkọ a na-ekwukarị okwu gbasara Bahamas, ma na-akpakwa anya ihe omume mba ụwa.  N'ime ihe nkiri ndị ahụ, o depụtara ndị na ibe ya, ya na ndị ọ na-achị egwuregwu, mpụ, ngwarechi, anwụ, na azụmahịa. Ọtụtụ ihe nkiri Burnside bụ ihe nkiri ahụ ike .  Njụajụjụ ọnụ 1990 gbara ya, ọ ụdịdị ya dị ka "na-akpa ọchịchị na mmemme ndị- na mpaghara."  Dabere na Burnside, isiokwu ya wepụrụ "froth na efu na obi nke okwu".  Burnside na-enwe nha na nha Bahamas nwere ike ịbụ ihe na-, mana "ọ pụtara na m nwere akara abụọ na-eme ihe mgbaàmà ihe m na-eme, m na-eme nke ọma."  Sideburn jikwa isiokwu nwanne ọrụ, yana Burnside na-akwado maka mmemme ịgba ọgwụ ọrịa, mmemme ịnya ịnya, yana Heart Foundation. <ref name="Ruprecht1995">{{Cite book|author=Ruprecht|first=Alvina Roberta|title=Reordering of Culture: Latin America, the Caribbean and Canada in the Hood|date=1995|publisher=McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP|isbn=978-0-88629-269-0|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=onoI0AI-JJYC&dq=%22Stanley%20Burnside%22&pg=PA415|language=en}}</ref> Mgbe afọ 40 egwuregwu Sideburns, ihe nkiri nna 10,000 panel panel, Nassau Guardian ọrụ ọrụ Burnside na 2019. <ref>{{Cite news|author=Smith|first=Rogan|title=Sideburns: The End Of An Era|url=https://thisbahamiangyal.com/sideburns-the-end-of-an-era/|work=This Bahamian Gyal|date=31 July 2019|accessdate=28 March 2023}}</ref> == Ihe ngosi ahọpụtara == * 2010: ''The Optical and the Synthetic: Nchịkọta ihe osise na nso nso a nke Stan Burnside'', The Stan Burnside Gallery <ref>{{Cite news|title=Stan Burnside Exhibition opens May 28th|url=http://www.thebahamasweekly.com/publish/arts-and-culture/Stan_Burnside_Exhibition_May_28th10933.shtml|work=The Bahamas Weekly|date=20 May 2010|accessdate=28 March 2023}}</ref> * 2019: ''Ogologo oge: 1950-2007'', National Art Gallery nke Bahamas, Nassau * 2022: ''Stanley Burnside: Ka oge na-aga'', Galerie Perrotin, New York == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] a30c987f3p2302o57j85x5g4nhpsv09 0 45810 644567 168547 2026-05-31T07:23:36Z ~2026-32314-82 62081 Fixed reference errors 644567 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|honorific_prefix=|name=Syd Carpenter <!-- include middle initial, if not specified in birth_name -->|birth_name=<!-- only use if different from name -->|birth_date={{Birth year and age|1953}} <!-- {{Birth date and age|YYYY|MM|DD}} for living artists, {{Birth date|YYYY|MM|DD}} for dead. For living people supply only the year unless the exact date is already WIDELY published, as per [[WP:DOB]]. Treat such cases as if only the year is known, so use {{birth year and age|YYYY}} or a similar option. -->|birth_place=Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, U.S.|baptised=<!-- will not display if birth_date is entered -->|death_date=<!-- {{Death date and age|YYYY|MM|DD|YYYY|MM|DD}} -->|death_place=|resting_place=|resting_place_coordinates=<!-- {{Coord|LAT|LONG|type:landmark|display=inline}} -->|education=[[Tyler School of Art and Architecture]]|occupation=Visual artist, educator|known_for=Ceramics, sculpture|awards=[[Pew Fellowship in the Arts]]<br>[[Anonymous Was A Woman Award]]<!-- {{awd|award|year|title|role|name}} (optional) -->|website={{URL|syd-carpenter.swarthmore.edu}} <!-- {{URL|Example.com}} -->}} Syd Carpenter ( መግቢያ 1953) bụ onye omenkà America America na onye prọfesọ lara ezumike nka nke nka studio.  A mara ya maka ọrụ seramiiki na ihe ọkpụkpụ ya, nke na-ịtọ ugbo na ọrụ ugbo nke ndị Africa na America.  [1] [2] [3] Ọ na-enweta ọtụtụ ọkpụkpọ, Pew Fellowship na NEA Fellowship, na ọrụ dị ugbu a na Smithsonian American Art Museum's collection na Philadelphia Museum of Art's collection.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|title=Syd Carpenter {{!}} Smithsonian American Art Museum|url=https://americanart.si.edu/artist/syd-carpenter-29697|accessdate=2022-12-29|work=americanart.si.edu|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref name="philamuse">{{Cite web|title=A Snake without a Head Is Just a Rope|url=https://philamuseum.org/collection/object/89611|accessdate=2022-12-29|work=philamuseum.org|language=en}}</ref> == Ndụ mmalite na agụmakwụkwọ == A ịga ekiri nkà na Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania na 1953. [1] O'ama nzere bachelọ nke Fine Art na 1974 yana Master of Fine Art na 1976 site na Tyler School of Art and Architecture . <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|date=2017-11-28|title=Syd Carpenter - Petrucci Family Foundation Collection of African American Art|url=https://pffcollection.com/artists/syd-carpenter/,%20https://pffcollection.com/artists/syd-carpenter/|accessdate=2022-12-29|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=Four Elements - PMA LibGuides at Philadelphia Museum of Art|url=https://philamuseum.libguides.com/blog/Syd-Carpenter|accessdate=2022-12-29|work=philamuseum.libguides.com}}</ref> <ref name=":3">{{Cite web|title=Sydney Carpenter|url=https://www.alumni.temple.edu/s/705/19/interior.aspx?sid=705&gid=1&sitebuilder=1&pgid=13619|accessdate=2022-12-29|work=www.alumni.temple.edu|language=en}}</ref> == Ọrụ ==   <ref>{{Cite web|author=|date=2016-12-06|title=Full List of Pew Fellows|url=https://www.pewcenterarts.org/full-list-pew-fellows|accessdate=2022-12-29|work=The Pew Center for Arts & Heritage|language=en|archivedate=2021-04-24|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210424082720/https://www.pewcenterarts.org/full-list-pew-fellows}}</ref>Na 1991, Carpenter ụzọ ihe na Swarthmore College dị ka Prọfesọ nke Studio Art, ebe ọ ga-ama ruo mgbe ọ lara ezumike nka n'oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ nke 2022, nke mere na arụ ọrụ enye klaas seramiiki.   [1] [2] Na Swarthmore, a na-akpata ya na Endowed Peggy Chan Prọfesọ nke Black Studies na January 2021. [2] [3] Na 1992, e nyere ya Pew Fellowship na Arts. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web|date=2022-12-14|title=CRAFT IN AMERICA: Home|url=https://www.kpbs.org/news/2022/12/13/craft-in-america-home|accessdate=2022-12-29|work=KPBS Public Media|language=en}}</ref> N'afọ 2014, ihe ngosi Carpenter "Syd Carpenter: More Places of Our Own" bụ otu n'ime ihe ngosi nke African American Museum na Philadelphia ihe ihe nrite $50,000 sitere na Knight Foundation iji kwalite.  [1] [2] N'afọ 2021, gboo nkà na onye na-ese ihe Steve Donegan, haziri ma wuo "oke mkpọmkpọ ebe" na ndị dike ihe ngosi nka Woodmere dị ka a gburugburu ebe obibi.  [3] Site na Jenụwarị– Mee 2022, ihe ngosi ya bụ onyinye ụwa: Ịsọpụrụ ndị ọrụ ubi, nke sitere na ihe nketa nke ndị ọrụ ugbo, ụlọ na ụlọ ngosi nka nke Mahadum Rowan .  [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] Na Mee 2022, mpempe ya, Mary Lou Furcron, ihe na ihe ngosi Smithsonian American Art Museum, "Oge a dị ugbu a: Ịmepụta ụwa Ka Mma."  [9] Na Nọvemba 2022, akpara ọkwa ọkwa otu n'ime Amaghị aha bụ mmetụta (AWAW).  ) Ndị nnata ihe nrite 2022, na-anata $25,000 [10] Na Disemba 16, 2022, Carptenter ụzọ na usoro nri enwetara, Craft in America episode "Home," n'ዳግ ndị na-ese ihe Bskakone Greg Johnson, Wharton Esherick  na Sim Van der Ryn == Nchịkọta == <ref name="philamuse" />A na-arụ ọrụ nkà na mkpokọta na-agwụ nke Smithsonian American Art Museum, [1] Metropolitan Museum of Art, [2] na Philadelphia Museum of Art, n'etiti ụlọ ọrụ ndị ọzọ. == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 9nqoho3vbe4p253u489odkq25tkm3r1 0 45824 644143 212677 2026-05-30T17:40:12Z Goodymeraj 16207 644143 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Elizabeth Colomba''' ( mmalite 1976) [1] bụ onye France na-ese ihe nketa Martinique mara maka ike ya nke ndị isi ojii na ntọala ihe mere eme.  Ndị ọrụ ya na Gracie Mansion, Wallach Art Gallery na Mahadum Columbia, Museum of Contemporary African Diasporan Arts, Musée d'Orsay, Los Angeles County Museum of Art, na Metropolitan Museum of Art <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://www.vogue.com/article/elizabeth-colomba-interview-vogue-october-2018|title=Painter Elizabeth Colomba Is Giving Art's Hidden Figures Their Close-Up|work=Vogue|language=en|accessdate=2019-02-26}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://www.vogue.com/article/elizabeth-colomba-interview-vogue-october-2018 "Painter Elizabeth Colomba Is Giving Art's Hidden Figures Their Close-Up"]. ''Vogue''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-02-26</span></span>.</cite></ref> <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/03/27/style/april-hunt-professional-cool-person.html|title=A Publicist and D.J. Who Nurtures Underrepresented Artists|author=Widdicombe|first=Ben|date=2018-03-27|work=The New York Times|accessdate=2019-02-26|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref name=":1">{{Cite web|author=Gomez-Upegui|first=Salome|date=April 18, 2022|title=At Elizabeth Colomba's Debut Museum Show, Black Women Are Finally Getting Their Due|url=https://www.artnews.com/art-news/artists/elizabeth-colomba-interview-princeton-university-exhibition-1234625525/|accessdate=April 25, 2022|work=ARTnews}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFGomez-Upegui2022">Gomez-Upegui, Salome (April 18, 2022). [https://www.artnews.com/art-news/artists/elizabeth-colomba-interview-princeton-university-exhibition-1234625525/ "At Elizabeth Colomba's Debut Museum Show, Black Women Are Finally Getting Their Due"]. ''ARTnews''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 25,</span> 2022</span>.</cite></ref> == Ndụ mbido == A oju Colomba na Èpinay-sur-Seine, ebe nne na nna ya si Martinique kwaga.  Mgbe ọ bụ nwata, ọ gwara nne ya na onye na-akpa onye na-ese ihe mgbe ọ na-eme nchọpụta Picasso .  Ọ ahụmahụ n'oge, na-eme agba mmiri mgbe ọ bụ nwata iji ngosi ụlọ oriri na calaamad Caribbean nke nne na nna ya mma.  Mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na ụma, ọ ike Image of the Black in Western Art site na John na Dominique de Menil, bụ nke iche ya ịse ihe osise nke nne nne ya n'ụdị nne Whistler .  Ọ gara n'ihu na-amụ ihe ọrụ nke Louvre, na-enwe ndị nna ukwu Dutch, wee gaa École des Beaux-Arts.  N'afọ 1998, ọ kwagara Los Angeles wee bụrụ onye ọrụ na eserese na ihe atụ maka ụlọ ọrụ ihe nkiri. <ref name=":0"/> <ref name=":1"/> == Ọrụ == <ref name=":1">{{Cite web|author=Gomez-Upegui|first=Salome|date=April 18, 2022|title=At Elizabeth Colomba's Debut Museum Show, Black Women Are Finally Getting Their Due|url=https://www.artnews.com/art-news/artists/elizabeth-colomba-interview-princeton-university-exhibition-1234625525/|accessdate=April 25, 2022|work=ARTnews}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFGomez-Upegui2022">Gomez-Upegui, Salome (April 18, 2022). [https://www.artnews.com/art-news/artists/elizabeth-colomba-interview-princeton-university-exhibition-1234625525/ "At Elizabeth Colomba's Debut Museum Show, Black Women Are Finally Getting Their Due"]. ''ARTnews''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 25,</span> 2022</span>.</cite></ref>Colomba ahụmahụ oge na New York na 2007 iji kwalite ọrụ ike ya, wee kwaga n'obodo ahụ na-adịgide adịgide na 2011.  na Museum of Contemporary African Diasporan Arts, na Willis akwụkwọ ya aka nri na ụwa nka New York.  [1] Ọrụ ya na-ahụ anya anya na ọnụ ọgụgụ ojii sitere na ndị na-eso ihe mere eme, a na-akpọ ụmụ ojii.  nkọwa ya Biddy Mason, Laure, Chevalier de Saint-Georges, na Harriet P. Jacobs <ref name=":2"/> Na 2016, o nwere ihe ngosi ihe ngosi nke ọrụ na Long Gallery na Harlem, nke New Yorker dị ka "eserese mara mma nke ụmụ anọ ojii [nke] na-edozi nchapu nke ndị inyom na-acha agba na ጠባብ awụ nke iri.  na mberede na ihe mere eme nka." Na Machị 2022, ihe ngosi ihe ngosi ihe ngosi solo mbụ ya mepere na Mahadum Princeton .  [1] Ihe ngosi solo ya "Mythologies," nke ahụ ike, na-arụ ọrụ na akwụkwọ, na obere ihe nkiri ya bụ Cendrillon, meghere na Portland Museum of Art na 2023 <ref name=":2">{{Cite web|author=Shearer|first=Jessica|date=August 25, 2023|title=Elizabeth Colomba's "Mythologies" Reclaims Whitewashed Narratives|url=https://bostonartreview.com/reviews/elizabeth-colombas-mythologies-reclaims-whitewashed-narratives/|accessdate=2023-08-30|work=Boston Art Review|language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFShearer2023">Shearer, Jessica (August 25, 2023). [https://bostonartreview.com/reviews/elizabeth-colombas-mythologies-reclaims-whitewashed-narratives/ "Elizabeth Colomba's "Mythologies" Reclaims Whitewashed Narratives"]. ''Boston Art Review''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-08-30</span></span>.</cite></ref> <ref name=":3">{{Cite web|title=Elizabeth Colomba: Mythologies|url=https://www.portlandmuseum.org/mythologies|accessdate=2023-06-10|work=Portland Museum of Art|language=en-US}}</ref> === Ihe osise ama ama === * ''Armelle'' (1997) na-egosi nwanne nwanne Colomba na-atụgharị uche na eserese ''n'okpuru osisi nkwụ'' nke Winslow Homer <ref name=":1">{{Cite web|author=Gomez-Upegui|first=Salome|date=April 18, 2022|title=At Elizabeth Colomba's Debut Museum Show, Black Women Are Finally Getting Their Due|url=https://www.artnews.com/art-news/artists/elizabeth-colomba-interview-princeton-university-exhibition-1234625525/|accessdate=April 25, 2022|work=ARTnews}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFGomez-Upegui2022">Gomez-Upegui, Salome (April 18, 2022). [https://www.artnews.com/art-news/artists/elizabeth-colomba-interview-princeton-university-exhibition-1234625525/ "At Elizabeth Colomba's Debut Museum Show, Black Women Are Finally Getting Their Due"]. ''ARTnews''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 25,</span> 2022</span>.</cite></ref> * ''Biddy Mason'' (2006) <ref name=":1" /> * ''Chevalier de St Georges'' (2010) <ref name=":1" /> * ''Haven'' (2015), na-egosi di na nwunye ojii na Weeksville, bụ nke gosipụtara na ihe ngosi 2019 na Gracie Mansion nke Chirlane McCray haziri <ref>{{Cite news|author=Steinhauer|first=Jillian|date=2019-01-20|title=On Display at the People's House: A Century of Persistence|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/01/20/arts/design/art-by-women-at-gracie-mansion.html|accessdate=2019-02-26}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-02-11|title=At the Mayor's Mansion in New York, a Powerful Art Show Honors the Diversity of 100 Years of Women's Struggles|url=https://news.artnet.com/exhibitions/she-persists-gracie-mansion-1459999|accessdate=2019-02-26|work=artnet News|language=en-US}}</ref> * ''Laure (Portrait of a Negresse)'' (2018), nke bụ nkọwagharị nke eserese nke Edouard Manet <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://www.vogue.com/article/elizabeth-colomba-interview-vogue-october-2018|title=Painter Elizabeth Colomba Is Giving Art's Hidden Figures Their Close-Up|work=Vogue|language=en|accessdate=2019-02-26}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://www.vogue.com/article/elizabeth-colomba-interview-vogue-october-2018 "Painter Elizabeth Colomba Is Giving Art's Hidden Figures Their Close-Up"]. ''Vogue''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-02-26</span></span>.</cite></ref> * Portrait ''Minerva'' nke Minerva nyere ikike nke Park Avenue Armory na New York. Nke a bụ ọrụ mbụ onye omenkà ojii mere n'ime ngwa agha <ref name="Park">{{Cite web|author=Dube|first=Ilene|title=Elizabeth Colomba Is Claiming Her Place in the History of Art|url=https://www.newjerseystage.com/articles2/2022/04/13/elizabeth-colomba-is-claiming-her-place-in-the-history-of-art/|work=JerseyArts.com|accessdate=4 August 2022}}</ref> * ''Ebe a na-agba ịnyịnya'' (2021) gụnyere na ihe ngosi a ''na-ewere oghere: Ndị na-ese ihe nkiri nke oge a na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nke Scale'' na Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts <ref name="NPR">{{Cite web|author=Stamberg|first=Susan|date=25 February 2021|title=In One Art Exhibition, Women Are 'Taking Space' They've Long Deserved|url=https://www.npr.org/2021/02/25/968857031/in-one-art-exhibition-women-are-taking-space-theyve-long-deserved|accessdate=13 October 2021|work=NPR|language=en}}</ref> === Ihe osise ndị ọzọ === * Na 2018, usoro mgbasa ozi Metropolitan Opera weputara obere ihe nkiri Colomba ''Cendrillon'', nke na-egosi Grace Bol . <ref>{{Cite web|author=Musbach|first=Julie|date=April 23, 2018|title=Gallery Met Shorts Presents A Film By Elizabeth Colomba Set To Music From Massenet's CENDRILLON|url=https://www.broadwayworld.com/bwwopera/article/Gallery-Met-Shorts-Presents-A-Film-By-Elizabeth-Colomba-Set-To-Music-From-Massenets-CENDRILLON-20180423|accessdate=April 26, 2022|work=BroadwayWorld}}</ref> * Colomba gosipụtara akwụkwọ akụkọ eserese 2021 ''Queenie, Nne nke Harlem'', gbasara Stéphanie St. Clair <ref>{{Cite news|author=Jackson|first=Eve|date=September 23, 2021|title=Artist Elizabeth Colomba: Reclaiming a place in history for women of colour|work=France 24|url=https://www.france24.com/en/tv-shows/encore/20210923-artist-elizabeth-colomba-reclaiming-a-place-in-history-for-women-of-colour|accessdate=April 25, 2022}}</ref> * ''Afọ 157 nke Juneteenth'', agba mmiri maka mkpuchi <nowiki><i id="mwfg">New Yorker</i></nowiki> na-eme ememme Juneteenth == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Colomba, Elizabeth}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] ah88oh0wnifvelub3zwqljtm03h9hez 0 45892 644127 168707 2026-05-30T17:22:36Z Mirah50 16972 Fixed reference errors 644127 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}  '''Tee Franklin''' bụ onye na-ede akwụkwọ na-atọ ọchị nke rụrụ ọrụ maka Image, Marvel na DC Comics. Ọrụ ya gụnyere Bingo Love (nke Image Comics bipụtara, ''Harley'' Quinn: The Animated Series: The Eat. Bang! Kill. Tour na Harley Quinn:The Animated Series, Legion of Bats! (nke DC Comics biụtara), na Edge of Spider-Verse #4 (nke Marvel Comics biputara). Franklin bụ onye na-akwado mmụba nke nnọchiteanya nke ịdị iche iche na egwuregwu. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|author=Malik|first=Aisha|date=2021-08-31|title=A conversation with Tee Franklin, writer of the next Harley Quinn comic|url=https://thetempest.co/2021/08/31/entertainment/tee-franklin-harley-quinn-comic-interview/|accessdate=2022-11-29|work=The Tempest|language=en-US|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210902200903/https://thetempest.co/2021/08/31/entertainment/tee-franklin-harley-quinn-comic-interview/|archivedate=2 September 2021}}</ref> == Ndụ onwe onye == A mụrụ Tee Franklin na Febụwarị 11. Ọ bụ onye ezinụlọ ya nke ga-elekọta ya mgbe niile mere ka ọ mata ihe ọchị.<ref name="Poor">{{Cite web|url=http://www.adventuresinpoortaste.com/2018/11/02/writer-tee-franklin-talks-horror-comic-series-jook-joint-trigger-warnings-and-more/|title=Writer Tee Franklin talks horror comic series 'Jook Joint,' trigger warnings, and more|author=Brooke|first=David|work=AiPT!|date=2 November 2018|language=en-US|accessdate=2019-03-02}}</ref> Ọ gara n'ihu na-agụ ha ruo mgbe ọ lụrụ di ma mụọ ụmụ. Franklin gbara alụkwaghịm na 2011 wee laghachi n'ụwa akwụkwọ na-atọ ọchị, malite na nyocha nke ihe na-atọ ụtọ, na ajụjụ ọnụ. N'afọ 2014, ọ ghọtara etu o siri sie ike ịchọta ihe na-atọ ọchị na onye yiri ya na ya ma ọ bụ na ya, ya mere o weere ya n'onwe ya ịmalite ide akụkọ ndị ahụ. Ọ na-ekwukarị megide enweghị nnọchiteanya na ndị na-eme ihe ọchị ma nweta nkwanye ùgwù nke ọtụtụ ndị na-emepụta ihe ọchị a ma ama, bụ ndị "ndị ọgbọ manyere" ya ka ọ mepụta ihe ọchị.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pride.com/geek/2018/1/22/writer-tee-franklin-dishes-her-new-comic-bingo-love|title=Writer Tee Franklin Dishes on Her New Comic 'Bingo Love'|date=2018-01-22|work=www.pride.com|language=en|accessdate=2019-03-02}}</ref> Ọ bụ onye na-emegbu n'ụlọ ma dee obere ihe nkiri ya Jook Joint dị ka ntọhapụ ọgwụgwọ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bleedingcool.com/2018/02/21/franklin-nguyen-jook-joint-image-2018/|work=www.bleedingcool.com|accessdate=2019-03-02|title=Tee Franklin and Maria Nguyen Explore Domestic Violence in Jook Joint at Image in Fall 2018|date=21 February 2018}}</ref> Franklin nwere autism na nsogbu uche, ma nọrọ n'ihe mberede ụgbọ ala na 2014 nke mere ka ọ nwee nkwarụ kpamkpam.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web|author=Hinds|first=Carolyn|title=Disabled Creatives in Comics: Interview with Tee Franklin|url=https://disabilityvisibilityproject.com/2023/07/17/disabled-creatives-in-comics-interview-with-tee-franklin/|work=[[Disability Visibility Project]]|accessdate=27 February 2024|date=17 July 2023}}</ref> Ọ na-eji enyemaka na-agagharị agagharị kemgbe ahụ, ọ na-ekwukwa mgbe niile banyere ịnabata na mgbakọ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.marketwatch.com/story/why-disabled-comic-creator-tee-franklin-felt-worthless-after-a-bookcon-panel-failed-to-accommodate-her-scooter-2018-06-08-3883410|title=Why disabled comic creator Tee Franklin felt 'worthless' after a BookCon panel failed to accommodate her scooter|author=Jagannathan|first=Meera|work=MarketWatch|language=en-US|accessdate=2019-03-02}}</ref> Ọ bi na [[Nú Jezị|New Jersey]] ugbu a. Franklin bụ Pansexual, mana ọ na-ahọrọ aha queer. == Ọrụ == Tee Franklin gosipụtara mmalite ya dị ka onye edemede na akwụkwọ akụkọ ya bụ Bingo Love . A malitere ya na 2016, ọ nwetara $ 57,000, Image Comics bipụtara ya, na-ere ya tupu ya adaa na shelf. A họpụtara akwụkwọ ahụ maka GLAAD Media Awards maka Outstanding Comic Book <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.comicsbeat.com/2019-glaad-media-awards-nominees-comic-books/|title=Syndicated Comics|author=Puc|first=Samantha|date=2019-01-25|work=The Beat|language=en-US|accessdate=2019-03-02}}</ref> ma merie Prism Comics's 2017 Queer Press Grant. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.advocate.com/people/2018/3/08/2018s-icons-innovators-and-disruptors|title=2018's Icons, Innovators, and Disruptors|date=2018-03-08|work=www.advocate.com|language=en|accessdate=2019-03-02}}</ref> E dere Jook Joint na 2016 mgbe ọ nwara igbu onwe ya. Onye na-agwọ ya tụrụ aro ime ihe na-ewuli elu, mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị ọ malitere ide banyere mmerụ ahụ ya.<ref name="Poor" /> === Ihe nkiri DC === DC Comics kwuru na Franklin bụ onye dere ihe nkiri 10 na-atọ ọchị nke gosipụtara Harley Quinn. [1] Ndị a gụnyere ihe ọchị isii na Harley Quinn: The Animated Series: The Eat . Ọkụ! Gbuo. Usoro njem e bipụtara n'etiti Ọgọstụ 2021 na Jenụwarị 2022.[1] A tọhapụrụ Tis The Season To Be Freezin' na Disemba 2021 na Harley Quinn: The Real Sidekicks of New Gotham Special #1 na Ọgọstụ 2022.[1] Harley Quinn Abụọ: The Animated Series: Legion of Bats! E bipụtara ihe ọchị n'ọnwa Ọktoba na Nọvemba afọ 2022.[1]E bipụtara ihe ọchị n'ọnwa Ọktoba na Nọvemba afọ 2022.[1]<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2021-07-27 |title=Tee Franklin |url=https://www.dc.com/talent/tee-franklin |access-date=2022-11-29 |website=DC |language=en}}</ref> Franklin na-ewere Harley Quinn dị ka onye na-emegide dike na ihe nnọchianya maka ndị na-emegbu n'ụlọ.<ref name=":0" /> O kwenyere na Quinn nwere ADHD.[1] Franklin nwetara mkpali maka Harley Quinn: The Animated Series: The Eat . ''Ọkụ! Gbuo. Njem'' sitere na ihe nkiri 1991 Thelma na Louise.[1]site na ihe nkiri 1991 Thelma na Louise . [1]<ref name=":0" /> Franklin kwukwara na o dere Poison Ivy dị ka onye na-arịa ọrịa autism, mana "DC a na-eme ka ọ ghara" ka a kpọtụrụ aha na egwuregwu. === Ihe Omume Na-atọ Mkpa === Marvel Comics nyere Tee Franklin otuto dị ka onye edemede nke Edge of Spider-Verse #4, nke e bipụtara na Septemba 2022.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Edge of Spider-Verse (2022) #4 {{!}} Comic Issues {{!}} Marvel|url=https://www.marvel.com/comics/issue/101162/edge_of_spider-verse_2022_4|accessdate=2022-11-29|work=Marvel Entertainment}}</ref> Edge of Spider-Verse # 4 gosipụtara Charlotte Webber, aka Sun-Spider, Spider nwere nkwarụ nke nwere Ehlers Danlos Syndrome nke na-eji mkpara na oche nkwagharị dị ka ihe enyemaka.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Mooney|first=Colin|date=2022-09-27|title=Spiderverse Tackles Ableism with its New Disabled Hero Sun-Spider|url=https://www.cbr.com/spiderverse-ableism-sun-spider-marvel/|accessdate=2022-11-29|work=CBR|language=en-US}}</ref> Sun-Spider pụtakwara na obere oge na ihe nkiri 2023 Spider-Man: Across The Spider-Verse, ebe Danielle Perez kwuru ya.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Polo|first=Susana|date=2023-06-07|title=Spider-Verse's wheelchair-using hero started out as fan art|url=https://www.polygon.com/23752856/across-spider-verse-spidersona-creator-sun-spider-wheelchair|accessdate=2023-06-15|work=Polygon|language=en-US}}</ref> == Edensibia == [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] izi16t3dvg6mjl3hrgg9jb3i2g1basy 0 45902 644545 168717 2026-05-31T06:41:00Z Nachi kim 20090 Fixed reference error and added {{DEFAULTSORT}} 644545 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}  '''Thania Petersen''' bụ onye na-ese ọtụtụ ọzụzụ. <ref>{{Cite web|first=Malibongwe|author=Tyilo|accessdate=2022-03-21|title=MATTERS OF OBSESSION: Taxis and art: Rethinking 'Cape Malay' and 'Coloured' identity|url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2021-06-01-taxis-and-art-rethinking-cape-malay-and-coloured-identity/|date=1 June 2021|work=[[Daily Maverick]]}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|accessdate=2022-03-21|title=Cape Town artist challenges Cape Malay stereotypes|url=https://www.iol.co.za/weekend-argus/lifestyle/cape-town-artist-challenges-cape-malay-stereotypes-713ac861-d95d-4dd0-96f8-a27c0abe1483|work=[[Independent Online (South Africa)]]}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|accessdate=2022-03-21|title=Embedding value into material culture at the Investec Cape Town Art Fair|url=https://mg.co.za/article/2019-02-24-embedding-value-into-material-culture-at-the-investec/|date=24 February 2019}}</ref> Ọrụ ya dị na nchịkọta nke ụlọ ngosi ihe mgbe ochie na veranda ndị ama ama gụnyere [[National Museum of African Art|Smithsonian's National Museum of African Art]] na Zeitz Museum of Contemporary Art Africa . <ref name="zeitzmocaa">{{Cite web|title=Thania Petersen|url=https://zeitzmocaa.museum/artists/thania-petersen/|accessdate=2022-03-19|work=Zeitz MOCAA}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://zeitzmocaa.museum/artists/thania-petersen/ "Thania Petersen"]. ''Zeitz MOCAA''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 March</span> 2022</span>.</cite></ref> == Akụkọ ndụ == Na nka ya, ọ na-eji foto, arụmọrụ na nrụnye iji lebara isiokwu nke Islamophobia, alaeze ukwu na colonialism. <ref name="zeitzmocaa">{{Cite web|title=Thania Petersen|url=https://zeitzmocaa.museum/artists/thania-petersen/|accessdate=2022-03-19|work=Zeitz MOCAA}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://zeitzmocaa.museum/artists/thania-petersen/ "Thania Petersen"]. ''Zeitz MOCAA''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 March</span> 2022</span>.</cite></ref> <ref>{{Cite web|accessdate=2022-03-21|title=Artist Thania Petersen's photographic self-portraits revise colonial history|url=https://www.timeslive.co.za/sunday-times/lifestyle/2017-02-19-artist-thania-petersens-photographic-self-portraits-revise-colonial-history/|work=TimesLIVE}}</ref> Petersen bi ma na-arụ ọrụ na [[Cape Town]], [[South Africa]] . <ref>{{Cite web|author=Khan|first=Atiyyah|title=Thania Petersen's multimedia art gets around on a taxi|url=https://www.news24.com/arts/culture/everybody-uses-a-taxi-you-know-thania-petersen-takes-the-art-to-its-people-20210702|accessdate=2022-03-21|work=[[News24 (website)|News24]]}}</ref> == mkpokọta ọha == * Pérez Art Museum Miami <ref>{{Cite web|title=Pérez Art Museum Miami Announces New Acquisitions by Thirteen Artists for Permanent Collection • Pérez Art Museum Miami|url=https://www.pamm.org/en/press/perez-art-museum-miami-announces-new-acquisitions-by-thirteen-artists-for-permanent-collection/|accessdate=2023-03-07|work=Pérez Art Museum Miami|language=en-US}}</ref> * [[National Museum van Wereldculturen]]n Wereldculturen]], Rotterdam <ref name="zeitzmocaa"/> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template noprint noexcerpt Template-Fact" data-ve-ignore="true" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to better sources. (March 2022)">ka mma<span typeof="mw:Entity">&</nowiki>nbsp;<nowiki></span></nowiki>isi iyi<nowiki><span typeof="mw:Entity">&</nowiki>nbsp;<nowiki></span></nowiki>achọrọ<nowiki></span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> * [[National Museum of African Art]], Smithsonian Institution, Washington DC <ref name="zeitzmocaa" /> <ref>{{Cite web|title=Results – Search Artists – National Museum of African Art - Smithsonian Institution|url=https://africa.si.edu/collections/search/thania%20petersen|accessdate=2022-03-21|work=africa.si.edu}}</ref> * Oscar Niemeyer Museum, Curitiba <ref name="zeitzmocaa" /> </link><sup class="noprint Inline-Template noprint noexcerpt Template-Fact" data-ve-ignore="true" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to better sources. (March 2022)">ka mma<span typeof="mw:Entity">&</nowiki>nbsp;<nowiki></span></nowiki>isi iyi<nowiki><span typeof="mw:Entity">&</nowiki>nbsp;<nowiki></span></nowiki>achọrọ<nowiki></span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> * Ụlọ ihe osise Durban <ref name="zeitzmocaa" /> </link><sup class="noprint Inline-Template noprint noexcerpt Template-Fact" data-ve-ignore="true" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to better sources. (March 2022)">ka mma<span typeof="mw:Entity">&</nowiki>nbsp;<nowiki></span></nowiki>isi iyi<nowiki><span typeof="mw:Entity">&</nowiki>nbsp;<nowiki></span></nowiki>achọrọ<nowiki></span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> * Iziko South African National Gallery <ref name="zeitzmocaa" /> </link><sup class="noprint Inline-Template noprint noexcerpt Template-Fact" data-ve-ignore="true" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to better sources. (March 2022)">ka mma<span typeof="mw:Entity">&</nowiki>nbsp;<nowiki></span></nowiki>isi iyi<nowiki><span typeof="mw:Entity">&</nowiki>nbsp;<nowiki></span></nowiki>achọrọ<nowiki></span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> * Zeitz Museum of Contemporary Art Africa <ref name="zeitzmocaa" /> == Ntụaka == nchịkọta nke ụlọ ngosi ihe mgbe ochie na veranda{{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Petersen, Thania}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] k07bgdm1j4lxb1efcfp0ht3kd1opo0j 0 46080 644110 169095 2026-05-30T16:02:11Z Neme244 16387 added DEFAULTSORT 644110 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=Emmanuel Apea|nationality=Ghanaian|citizenship=Ghanaian|alma_mater=University of London|occupation=TV and film director|notable_works=Run Baby Run|awards=2008 winner of the Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Director}} '''Emmanuel Apea, Jr.''' bụ onye nduzi TV na ihe nkiri nke Ghana, onye mmeri nke Africa Movie Academy Award maka onye nduzi kacha mma na 2008. == Oge ọ malitere == Emmanuel Apea bụ nwa Reverend Emmanuel Apea Snr, onye bụbu onye nnọchi anya United Nations na onye nhazi na West Africa na [[Economic Community of West African States|ECOWAS]] na Emma Apea, onye na ahụ maka ahụike. Ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ na Achimota School, Mahadum London na [[Obodoézè Nà Ofú|United Kingdom]] na Niagara College na [[Kánada|Canada]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thestatesmanonline.com/pages/news_detail.php?section=6&newsid=523|title=Home Sweet Home...The show you can't get enough of|work=The Statesman|accessdate=21 February 2011}}</ref> Ọ malitere iduzi usoro ihe nkiri TV a ma ama. Ọ bụ onye nduzi mbụ nke Taxi Driver na 1998, na onye na-emepụta ihe nkiri ncha Home Sweet Home nke malitere na 2003. Hotel St. James, nke e debere na Kumasi na ngwakọta nke [[Akan language|Akan]] na [[Asụsụ Bekee|Bekee]], malitere na 2005. <ref>Francis Doku, 'Another Apea success series', ''Graphic Showbiz'', Issue 538 (January 20–26, 2005), [https://books.google.com/books?id=jIvsSRDtwn4C&pg=PA3 p.3]</ref> Ihe nkiri Apea nke 2006 Run Baby Run nwetara ihe nrite Africa Movie Academy Awards n'afọ 2008, ebe Apea nwetara ihe nrite maka onye ntụzi kacha mma. Ihe nkiri 2010, Elmina, dọtara mmasị dị == Ihe nkiri == * Run Baby Run, 2006 * ''Elmina'', 2010 == Ihe odide == {{Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Director}}{{Reflist}}  {{DEFAULTSORT:Apea, Emmanuel}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] kdpkrum3i3a90ktj11ykcabrgmn4042 0 46083 644515 208794 2026-05-31T06:04:02Z King ChristLike 13051 improved 644515 wikitext text/x-wiki Eythar Gubara bu onye ese foto na onye na-akwado ikike mmadụ. A maara ya nke ọma maka foto akwụkwọ akụkọ ya nke ndụ kwa ụbọchị na Sudan yana ihe ndị mere n'oge mgbanwe Sudanese. N'ime ọrụ ya, o tinyela uche pụrụ iche na ihe oyiyi nke ụmụ nwanyị, yana iche iche mmekọrịta mmadụ na Sudan. == Ndụ na ọrụ == A mụrụ Gubara na Khartoum, [[Sudan]], ma too na Atbara, obodo dị ihe dị ka kilomita 200 n'ebe ugwu Khartoom. &nbsp;Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ sekọndrị, ọ gụrụ sayensị kọmputa ma rụọ ọrụ dị ka onye njikwa ahịa.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=Eythar Gubara: And then I see the story as a picture in front of me.|url=https://www.martin-roth-initiative.de/en/Eythar_Gubara|accessdate=2023-04-02|work=www.martin-roth-initiative.de|language=en|archivedate=2022-12-24|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20221224020831/https://www.martin-roth-initiative.de/en/Eythar_Gubara}}</ref> [[Usòrò:DSC Fishing on River Nile in Sudan.jpg|thumb|252x252px|Ịkụ azụ n'osimiri Naịl, site n'aka Eythar Gubara, 2014]] Ihe osise ya na-egosi itinye aka na ikike mmadụ na ọkachasị Enweghị nhata nwoke na nwanyị na Sudan egosila ya na magazin ịntanetị dị ka òtù na ahụ maka ikike mmadụ Dawn MENA <ref>{{Cite web|date=25 January 2021|title="It Was Easy for Them To Shoot You"; Nevertheless, Assil Diab Persisted|url=https://dawnmena.org/it-was-easy-for-them-to-shoot-you-nevertheless-assil-diab-persisted/|accessdate=2021-07-11|work=DAWN|language=en-US}}</ref> na Goethe-Institut Sudan . <ref>{{Cite web|title=Always Motivated by Hope!|url=https://www.goethe.de/prj/ruy/en/frauenbewegungen/21521821.html|accessdate=2021-07-11|work=@GI_weltweit|language=en}}</ref> Ọzọkwa, e sere Gubara na foto ma kwuo ya dị ka akụkụ nke ndị otu Sudanese graffiti artist Assil Diab, na eguzo n'ihu Ihe odide mgbidi nke onye na eme ngagharị iwe e gburu n'oge mgbanwe na BBC News 'Africa Week in Pictures' na July 2019.<ref>{{Cite news|date=26 July 2019|title=Africa's week in pictures: 19–25 July 2019|language=en-GB|work=BBC News|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-49111599|accessdate=2021-07-11}}</ref> Kemgbe Disemba 2019, Gubara anọwo na ebi na Germany ma gaa n'ihu na ọmụmụ ya na ọrụ ya dị ka onye na ese foto na Mahadum Fine Arts nke Hamburg, nke agụmakwụkwọ kwadoro.<ref name=":1"/><ref>{{Cite web|author=|date=14 June 2018|title=Als ob dein Körper nicht dein Körper wäre|url=https://oliverdriesen.de/interviews/als-ob-dein-koerper-nicht-dein-koerper-waere/|accessdate=2021-07-11|work=TWASBO Magazin|language=de-DE|archivedate=7 January 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230107174454/https://oliverdriesen.de/interviews/als-ob-dein-koerper-nicht-dein-koerper-waere/}}</ref> Na June 2020, MOM Art Space na Hamburg gosipụtara ihe ngosi nke onwe ya The Third of June, na egosipụta ihe omume ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na Khartoum tupu ogbugbu Khartous, yana foto nke ndị mmadụ bi n'okpuru gọọmentị Sudan.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Eythar Gubara ist Künstlerin und Aktivistin und stellt zur Zeit im Mom Art Space aus.|url=https://aino.hamburg/s/the-3rd-of-june-eythar-gubara/|accessdate=2021-07-11|work=AINO Hamburg|language=de-DE|archivedate=2023-01-07|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230107174514/https://aino.hamburg/s/the-3rd-of-june-eythar-gubara/}}</ref> N'afọ 2021, e gosipụtara ya n'etiti ndị ọzọ na ese foto Sudan n'oge a n'akwụkwọ French Soudan 2019, année zéro . Akwụkwọ a banyere ngagharị iwe ndị bu ụzọ daa n'ọchịchị ndị agha Sudan nke Omar al-Bashir gosipụtara akụkọ na foto ndị na egosi ọkwa dị iche iche na ndị na etinye aka na mgbanwe Sudan ruo mgbe ndị uwe ojii bibiri ihe a na akpọ ebe a na anọ n'ebe ahụ na 3 June 2019. <ref>{{Cite book|author=Bach|first=Jean-Nicolas|url=https://www.eyrolles.com/Loisirs/Livre/soudan-2019-annee-zero-9782358481854/|title=Soudan 2019, année zéro|publisher=Soleb – bleu autour|year=2021|isbn=978-2-918157-44-1|location=Paris|language=fr|accessdate=}}</ref> Na-agba ọsọ site na 4 Julaị ruo 26 Septemba 2021, emume foto Rencontres de la photographie na Arles na ndịda France kwupụtara ihe ngosi banyere mgbanwe Sudan n'okpuru aha 'Thawra! ثورة Revolution!' . <ref>{{Cite web|author=Ghoussoub|first=Sabyl|date=6 July 2021|title=Sudan: When Utopia Becomes Reality|url=https://www.blind-magazine.com/en/news/1385/Sudan-When-Utopia-Becomes-Reality|accessdate=2021-07-07|work=blind-magazine.com|language=en}}</ref> O gosipụtara foto nke Gubara na ndị ọzọ na-ese foto na Sudan site na akwụkwọ Soudan 2019, année zéro.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Les Rencontres d'Arles|title=Thawra ! ثورة Revolution !|url=http://www.rencontres-arles.com//en/expositions/view/983/thawra-ssss-revolution|accessdate=2021-06-04|work=www.rencontres-arles.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=9 July 2021|title=Dix expositions à voir aux Rencontres d'Arles|language=fr|work=Le Monde.fr|url=https://www.lemonde.fr/culture/article/2021/07/09/dix-expositions-a-voir-aux-rencontres-d-arles_6087633_3246.html|accessdate=2021-07-13}}</ref> N'oge emume a, Gubara meriri ihe nrite foto Prix de la photo Madame Figaro - Arles ''2021'' maka akụkọ foto ya bụ Madame Figaro, nke mere ka e nye ya ọrụ maka nchịkọta foto ejiji maka magazin ahụ. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Meffre|first=Anne-Claire|date=3 July 2021|title=Prix Madame Figaro Arles 2021 : zoom sur les 8 photographes nominées|url=https://madame.lefigaro.fr/celebrites/prix-madame-figaro-arles-2021-zoom-sur-8-photographes-nominees-250621-197122|accessdate=2021-07-11|work=Madame Figaro|language=fr}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=Les Rencontres d'Arles|date=8 July 2021|title=PRIX DE LA PHOTO MADAME FIGARO ARLES 2021|url=http://www.rencontres-arles.com//en/actualites/view/542/prix-de-la-photo-madame-figaro-arles-2021|accessdate=2021-07-12|work=www.rencontres-arles.com}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web|author=Stehli|first=Jean-Sébastien|date=9 July 2021|title=Eythar Gubara, lauréate du 5e Prix de la Photo Madame Figaro – Arles|url=https://madame.lefigaro.fr/celebrites/eythar-gubara-laureate-du-5e-prix-de-la-photo-madame-figaro-arles-090721-197378|accessdate=2021-07-11|work=Madame Figaro|language=fr}}</ref> Mgbe nke a gasịrị, e bipụtara foto ya nke onye na ese ejiji Senegalese Samb Fatou na mbipụta 1 Julaị nke magazin ahụ na 2022.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Maximilian|date=2 July 2022|title=Samb Fatou by Eythar Gubara for Madame Figaro July 1st, 2022 – fashionotography|url=https://www.fashionotography.com/eythar-gubara-madame-figaro-july-1st-2022/|accessdate=2022-12-23|language=en-US}}</ref> Na mmekorita ya na International Film Festival na Forum on Human Rights (FIFDH), International Red Cross na Red Crescent Museum na Geneva kpọrọ Gubara maka mkparịta ụka masterclass na Gender & Diversity na 8 Machị 2022. <ref>{{Cite web|date=1 March 2022|title=Masterclass #3 with Rebecca Amsellem and Eythar Gubara at the FIFDH|url=https://www.redcrossmuseum.ch/en/fifdh-2022-rebecca-amsellem-eythar-gubara/|accessdate=2022-03-04|work=International Red Cross and Red Crescent Museum|archivedate=7 January 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230107174526/https://www.redcrossmuseum.ch/en/fifdh-2022-rebecca-amsellem-eythar-gubara/}}</ref> == Hụkwa == * Foto na Sudan * Ihe osise nke Sudan * ''Sudan 2019, Afọ efu'' == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * ''[https://web.archive.org/web/20230107175106/https://www.saisonafrica2020.com/en/agenda/sudan-history-uprising Sudan Akụkọ ihe mere eme nke nnupụisi]'' Foto ngosi na Recontres de la photographie Arles, 2021Ihe ngosi foto na Recontres de la photographie Arles, 2021 * Vidio nke ogbako na ngosi [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=apKM8s0Y1vM Mugran Foto Encounter 2015, Sudan], na-egosi Eythar Gubara (0:38") na ndị ọzọ na-ese foto na Sudan * Ọtụtụ Rivers, One Nile, foto slide-show 2014, na egosi akụkọ Gubara Fishing on the Nile (12:15") na ndị ọzọ na ese foto Sudan {{DEFAULTSORT:Gubara, Eythar}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] rar1m0h2bnw9jxtczat653uyy9uehgj 0 46129 644565 642196 2026-05-31T07:16:56Z Mirah50 16972 improved this page 644565 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Emadeldin Elsayed''' (amuru Ọktoba 17, 1986) bu onye ihe nkiri ndi Egypt, amuru na Alexandria, Egypt . == Ndụ mbido == Ọ gụrụ ọgwụ na mahadum Alexandria dị na Egypt, wee gụchaa na 2008. Mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, ọ gbanwere ọrụ ya wee mụọ ihe nkiri na ịde ihe nkiri na New York Film Academy . == Ọrụ == Ọ na-arụ ọrụ na Al Jazeera Media Network site na 2011 ruo ugbu a dị ka onye na-ese ihe nkiri . === Ihe nkiri === The Soldiers, Egyptian Conscription Tales, Ihe ndekọ nke nkeji 52 na-egosi ajụjụ ọnụ a gbara ndị agha Ijipt na-akọwa ihe ha na-ekwu bụ ọnọdụ obi ọjọọ nke <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5D; &#x5B; ''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2020)">-</span>]]''</sup> amanye ndị agha na-arụ ọrụ n'okpuru, ma na-ebo ndị agha ebubo na ha emeghị ka ndị agha ya zụọ ha nke ọma na inye ha nri ọjọọ. Ihe nkiri ahụ kpasuru ndị ọchịchị Ijipt iwe. <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.alaraby.co.uk/english/blog/2016/11/27/al-jazeera-documentary-on-egyptian-army-conscripts-provokes-outrage|title=Al Jazeera documentary on Egyptian army conscripts provokes outrage|author=Arab|first=The New|work=alaraby|accessdate=2017-04-20|language=en}}</ref> N'ime awa abụọ ka ewepụtara akwụkwọ akụkọ ahụ na Sọnde Nọvemba 28, ọnụ na-ekwuchitere Mịnịstrị nke Ofesi Egypt na-akatọ ya na telivishọn Egypt. Onye nkwuchite ọnụ Ahmed Abu Zeid kwuru, "O doro anya na ọ bụ ọrụ na-adịghị mma nke na-anwa imebi ntụkwasị obi nke nwa amaala Ijipt n'ime ndị agha ya." Mohamed Saleh, onye isi ụlọ ọrụ mgbasa ozi na Ministry of Foreign Affairs Qatar jụrụ ịzaghachi okwu Mr. Abu Zeid, na-ekwu, "Anyị enweghị ihe jikọrọ ya na nke a." Ka ọ dị ugbu a, a nabatala “Ndị agha ahụ” dị ka nkọwa ziri ezi nke ndụ maka ndị agha debanyere aha n'Ijipt. Nkatọ nke mmemme ọzụzụ ndị agha na-eto eto ka agha megide ndị agha islam na mpaghara Saịnaị na-adọkpụ n'ime afọ nke anọ ya, na akụkọ banyere mmetọ ndị agha na-ewu ewu. <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/11/28/world/middleeast/al-jazeera-egypt-qatar.html|title=Al Jazeera Film Critical of Egyptian Army Strains Egypt-Qatar Ties Further|author=Youssef|first=Nour|date=2016-11-28|work=The New York Times|accessdate=2017-04-20}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.aljazeera.net/news/trends/2016/11/28/%D9%81%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%83%D8%B1-%D9%8A%D8%B4%D8%B9%D9%84-%D8%AD%D8%B1%D8%A8%D8%A7-%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%89-%D9%85%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%82%D8%B9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B5%D9%84|title=فيلم "العساكر" يشعل حربا على مواقع التواصل|accessdate=2017-05-06}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.bbc.com/arabic/inthepress-38139967|title=جدل في صحف عربية بسبب فيلم "العساكر" عن الجيش المصري|author=الإعلامية|first=قسم المتابعة|date=2016-11-29|work=BBC Arabic|accessdate=2017-05-06|language=en-GB}}</ref> * [[The Lurker (Almondass)]] (2014). Ihe ndekọ nke nkeji 55 na-akọ akụkọ Mohannad, onye kpebiri ịbanye n'ime ndị ohi na ndị otu pro-Mubarak ka ha mara atụmatụ ha iji wakpo ihe ngosi mgbanwe megide ọchịchị ndị agha site na iji igwefoto zoro ezo. <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.alhurra.com/a/250914.html|title=فيلم #المندس.. كشف للمستور أم دفاع عن الإخوان المسلمين؟|author=الفراش|first=هاني فؤاد|work=قناة الحرة|accessdate=2017-05-06|language=ar}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://arabic.cnn.com/middleeast/2014/06/02/arabic-papers|title=CNN Arabic - صحف: "المندس" يثير جدلا حول حكم مرسي وخلايا سورية نائمة بالأردن|work=CNN Arabic|accessdate=2017-05-06|language=ar-AR}}</ref> * [[Beneath the stage|N'okpuru ogbo]] (2014): Akwụkwọ nyocha nke nkeji 30 na-enyocha ebubo ndị ọchịchị Egypt boro òtù Muslim Brotherhood na ha gburu ụfọdụ mmadụ ma zoo ozu ha n'okpuru ogbo nke Rabaa square sit-in na 2013. * [[Al Kahol]] (2013): Akwụkwọ nyocha 53 nke na-enyocha ụlọ na-adakarị na obodo Alexandria dị [[Egypt|n'Ijipt]] . == Ntụaka == <references /> == Njikọ mpụga == * {{IMDb name|6602220}} {{DEFAULTCATEGORYSORT:Elsayed, Emadeldin }} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] k9qd8ecy64sy3xjgcexxgtfvs0tmty9 0 46325 644211 496442 2026-05-30T19:36:11Z Wikipedian12512(alt) 61413 ce 644211 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Shantrelle P Lewis, Brighton, 2016.jpg|thumb|Shantrelle P. Lewis]] Shantrelle Patrice Lewis (amuru June 13, 1978) bu onye ndu America, oka akwukwo, onye nkatọ na onye na-eme ihe nkiri.  Ọ bụ 2012 Andy Warhol Curatorial Fellow na 2014 United Nations Programme for People of African Descent Fellow.<ref name="NYDN-CCCADI-2010">{{Cite news|author=Richardson|first=Clem|title=Student of diaspora mixes art and activism|url=http://www.nydailynews.com/new-york/shantrelle-lewis-shares-love-african-american-art-history-culture-article-1.452121|work=[[New York Daily News]]|date=19 November 2010}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://warholfoundation.org/grant/curatorial_fellowships.html|title=The Andy Warhol Foundation for the Visual Arts - Curatorial Fellowships|work=warholfoundation.org|accessdate=2016-05-17|archivedate=2016-05-10|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160510200601/http://warholfoundation.org/grant/curatorial_fellowships.html}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.un.org/en/events/africandescentdecade/fellowship.shtml|title=International Decade for People of African Descent - Fellowship Programme|work=www.un.org|accessdate=2016-05-17}}</ref> == Ndụ mmalite na agụmakwụkwọ == A garsoor Lewis na New Orleans, Luusiana, nye onye nwe kọmputa nna Wayne Lewis na nne onye ọrụ ezumike nka Patricia Scott. Nna ya webatara Lewis na ihe mere eme African American site na usoro ya dị ka nwata ebe ọ na-abụ nwa Henri Christophe, eze mbụ nke Haiti nwere onwe ya na 1811. Ọ sitere na ndị nkuzi: Nna nna nna ya,  Nathan Lewis, bụ nwa akwụkwọ na Mahadum Tuskegee, ma ike ikeere ya na Southern University A&M na nne nne nna ya, Della Atkinson, bụ prọfesọ na Straight College, nke a mara taa.  dị ka Mahadum Dillard <ref name="NYDN-CCCADI-2010"/>N'afọ 2000, Lewisa akara akara akara bachelor na Mahadum Howard na American American Studies.  Ka ọ na-erule mgbe ahụ, ndị nwata ya na ndị na-eme ihe mere eme ojii tolitere ka ọ bụrụ ọrụ, na-ahụ ihe iwere African-American na Hyde Leadership Public Charter School na Washington, DC Lewis wee nara akara ugo nji nna ukwu na  African American Studies na Mahadum Temple na 2006. Ọ la iche n'obodo ya ka iche Hurricane Katrina ụzọ iji nyere aka na ntughari ma ediere African World Studies na Mahadum Dillard == Ọrụ == <ref name="NYDN-CCCADI-2010"/>Mgbe ọ la n'ichepụta n'iche na [[Luwisiánà|Louisiana]] na 2007, Lewis nta onye isi nri na onye nkọwa nke McKenna Museum of African American Art. <ref name="NYDN-CCCADI-2010"/>Site na 2009 ruo 2013, Lewis bụ onye isi ihe ngosi na mmemme na Caribbean Cultural Center African Diaspora Institute (CCCADI) na New York City. N'afọ 2010, Lewis ịrịba ọrụ na Dandy Lion Project, na-edozi ihe oyiyi nke dandies ojii nke weere n'ihe ngosi njem njem mba ụwa, usoro ihe nkiri na akwụkwọ.  [1] [2] Ihe oru ngo a ụdị ejiji na ụdị ọgbara ọhụrụ nke ọgbara ọhụrụ na ihe àmà ihe mere eme wee malite ọmụmụ ahụ na-agwakọta ihe omume mma Africa na uwe nwoke ndị Europe laa azụ na ያለፈ awụ nke  iri na ise na Africa.  [3] A na- akarakwa ụmụ dandies na ụmụ nwoke trans, na-eme ka echiche nke oke nwoke dị anya.  [4] [5] Lewis lekwasịrị anya n'ịkọpụta ihe onyonyo nke ihe nkiri ndị na-ese foto 30 nke African Diaspora dere, si otú a na-enwetaghachi ikike nke ihe onyonyo nke na n'ịkpọ ọzọ nke ike ịhụ na ihe ihe  mere eme dị ka nrigbu.  Ngwara oru ngo na Museum of Contemporary Photography na Columbia College Chicago, [6] Silver Eye Center for Photography in Pittsburgh, [7] Museum of the African Diaspora in San Francisco, [8] the Brighton Photo Biennial, [9] na Lowe  Museum of Art na Miami <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.craveonline.com/art/908415-exhibit-dandy-lion-rearticulating-black-masculine-identity|title=Exhibit {{!}} Dandy Lion: (Re)Articulating Black Masculine Identity - CraveOnline|date=2015-10-07|work=CraveOnline|language=en-US|accessdate=2016-12-11}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://news.artnet.com/art-world/female-dandies-osborne-macharia-604235|title=See the 'Extravagant Grannies' Who Are Changing What it Means to Be a Dandy|first=Rain|author=Embuscado|date=2016-08-16|work=artnet News|language=en-US|accessdate=2016-12-11}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/fashion/black-dandies-women-rebel-dandy-lion-project-brighton-photo-biennale-jay-z-kanye-africa-boateng-a7218431.html|title=Bows and brogues: Why female black dandies are the ultimate rebels|date=2016-08-31|work=The Independent|first=Kashmira|author=Gander|language=en-GB|accessdate=2016-12-11}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/therootdc/post/black-men-dandyism-masculinity-and-homophobia/2012/02/01/gIQAfOffkQ_blog.html|title=Black Men: Dandyism, masculinity and homophobia|work=Washington Post|first=Fahima|author=Haque|date=February 2, 2012|accessdate=2016-12-11}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.npr.org/sections/therecord/2016/02/16/466893914/watching-beyonc-from-new-orleans|title=Watching Beyoncé From New Orleans|first=Elena|author=Bergeron|work=NPR.org|date=February 16, 2016|accessdate=2016-12-11}}</ref>Lewisa nlebara anya dị ka onye nkatọ omenala mgbe Beyoncé's Formation video gara n'ihu nsogbu, na-akatọ agba ya, iji egwu Bounce eme ihe, na iji ihe oyiyi sitere na New Orleans nke viscerally kpalitere oké ifufe Katrina nke ifufe ebe Lewis nwụna ọhụrụ  nne nne ya na nne nne ya. <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://wfpl.org/strange-fruit-love-and-criticism-for-beyonces-formation/|title=Strange Fruit: Love And Criticism For Beyoncé's 'Formation' {{!}} 89.3 WFPL News Louisville|date=2016-02-13|work=89.3 WFPL News Louisville|language=en-US|accessdate=2016-12-11}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.nola.com/music/index.ssf/2016/02/beyonce_boycott_racist_protest.html|title=Beyonce Super Bowl halftime show leads to protests, boycotts, conversations|first=Chelsea|author=Brasted|work=NOLA.com|date=February 10, 2016|accessdate=2016-12-11}}</ref> ''Lewis foto curated: SOS: Ime Anwansi, Revelry, na Nakpa na Post-Katrina New Orleans Art, Ndụ Mgbe Ọnwụnwụ: A Multi-Media Analysis of the Persona that was/Is Fela Anikulapo Kuti , [1] Ime akwụkwọ: Aesthetically Personifying the  Ụmụ na omenala dị nsasị nke Afrịka, mpụ anụ ndị anụmanụ, [2] na Black Pete, Zwarte Piet : Akwụkwọ akwụkwọ..'' <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.artslant.com/global/artists/show/18326-shantrelle-p-lewis|title=Shantrelle P. Lewis {{!}} ArtSlant|work=www.artslant.com|accessdate=2016-12-11|archivedate=December 21, 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161221105358/https://www.artslant.com/global/artists/show/18326-shantrelle-p-lewis}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/02/27/zwarte-piet-black-pete-documentary-netherlands-christmas-tradition_n_2736238.html|title='Zwarte Piet' Documentary Explores Controversial Netherlands Holiday Tradition Of 'Black Pete' Character (VIDEO) {{!}} The Most Controversial Holiday Tradition Ever?|date=2013-02-27|work=The Huffington Post|accessdate=2016-12-11}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.elle.com/culture/career-politics/news/a25874/netherlands-sinterklass-zwarte-piet/|title=Being Black in a Country That Embraces Blackface for the Holidays|first=Contessa|author=Schexnayder|date=2013-12-27|work=ELLE|accessdate=2016-12-11}}</ref> Lewis sokwa na Board of Directors for the Black Star Film Festival na ọ bụ Chief Philadelphia Dream Director na The Future Project. <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://blackstarfest.org/board/|title=Board - BlackStar Film Festival|work=BlackStar Film Festival|language=en-US|accessdate=2016-12-11}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.indiewire.com/2014/08/2014-blackstar-film-festival-award-winners-evolution-of-a-criminal-dreams-are-colder-than-death-235582/|title=2014 BlackStar Film Festival Award Winners – 'Evolution of a Criminal,' 'Dreams Are Colder Than Death'|author=Team|first=Indiewire|date=2014-08-07|work=IndieWire|accessdate=2016-12-11}}</ref> == Ndụ onwe onye == Lewis bi ma na-arụ ọrụ na Philadelphia, [[Pensílvéníyạ|Pennsylvania]] . Ihe ngosi Lewis, "Mpụ Mmekọahụ megide ụmụ agbọghọ ojii," bụ nke sitere n'ahụmahụ onwe ya na mmegbu mgbe ọ bụ nwata. <ref name=":1">{{Cite news|url=http://www.colorlines.com/articles/sex-crimes-against-black-girls-exhibit-uses-art-confront-incest|title='Sex Crimes Against Black Girls' Exhibit Uses Art to Confront Incest|author=cl_admin|date=2011-02-21|work=ColorLines|accessdate=2016-12-11}}</ref> N'afọ 2016, Lewis onye ọchụnta ego Tony Oluwatoyin Lawson na ịhụ ha hụrụ "Royal Wedding of Zamunda" nke sitere na isi nke omenala Yoruba Nigerian, New Orleanian na Lucumi na-enwe ihe na fim ahụ, na- nipa America .  Agbam akwụkwọ ahụ ahụ ahịrị nke abụọ. <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.theroot.com/articles/culture/2016/12/how-this-couple-combined-new-orleanian-and-nigerian-culture-to-create-the-wedding-of-a-lifetime/|title=How This Couple Combined New Orleanian and Nigerian Culture to Create the Wedding of a Lifetime|date=2016-12-09|work=The Root|language=en-US|first=Yesha|author=Callahan|accessdate=2016-12-11}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.okayafrica.com/video/biggest-blackest-wedding-of-all-time/|title=The Biggest, Blackest Wedding of All Time Will Make Your Day|date=2016-11-28|work=Okayafrica.|language=en-US|accessdate=2016-12-11}}</ref> == Ọrụ na mbipụta == * {{Cite news|author=Lewis|first=Shantrelle|title=American Apparel, Our Culture Is Not Your Trick, Nor Your Treat|url=http://www.ebony.com/news-views/american-apparel-our-culture-is-not-your-trick-nor-your-treat-304#axzz4T8V6HRFc|work=[[Ebony (magazine)|Ebony]]|date=14 October 2013}} * {{Cite news|author=Lewis|first=Shantrelle P.|title=The Devil is a Liar: The Diasporic Trickster Tales of Jean-Michel Basquiat and Kendrick Lamar|url=http://connection.ebscohost.com/c/articles/93641191/devil-liar-diasporic-trickster-tales-jean-michel-basquiat-kendrick-lamar|work=[[Art Papers]]|date=January 2014|page=10}}  * {{Cite news|author=Lewis|first=Shantrelle P.|title=Bow Ties and Rude Boys: The Rise of the Global Black Dandy|url=http://www.afropunk.com/profiles/blogs/bow-ties-and-rude-boys-the-rise-of-the-global-black-dandy|work=AfroPunk|date=5 February 2014}} * {{Cite journal|author=Lewis|first=Shantrelle P.|title=Fashioning Black Masculinity: The Origins of the Dandy Lion Project|journal=Nka: Journal of Contemporary African Art|date=5 January 2016|volume=2015|issue=37|pages=54–61|doi=10.1215/10757163-3339871|url=http://nka.dukejournals.org/content/2015/37.toc}} * {{Cite news|author=Lewis|first=Shantrelle|title="Formation" Exploits New Orleans' Trauma|url=http://www.slate.com/articles/double_x/doublex/2016/02/beyonc_s_formation_exploits_new_orleans_trauma.html|work=[[Slate (magazine)|Slate]]|date=10 February 2016}} * {{Cite news|author=Wilson|first=Riley|title='The Birth of a Nation': The Biggest Clapback in Hollywood History or Yet Another Slave Movie?|url=https://www.colorlines.com/articles/birth-nation-biggest-clapback-hollywood-history-or-yet-another-slave-movie|work=[[ColorLines]]|date=2 February 2016}} * {{Cite book|author=Lewis|first=Shantrelle P.|title=Dandy Lion The Black Dandy and Street Style|date=2017|publisher=Aperture|isbn=978-1-597-11389-2|oclc=962550028}} == Ntụaka == {{Reflist|30em}} == Njikọ mpụga == * ShantrellePLewis.com * Shantrelle P. Lewis on Twitter * [https://shoppeblack.us/ Shoppe Black] [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 7trwmkqea10oblxqjk3c5ff96i5ys59 0 46351 644596 177584 2026-05-31T10:03:59Z ~2026-32314-82 62081 Fixed reference errors 644596 wikitext text/x-wiki   [[File:Tabita Rezaire - @marcella ruiz cruz.jpg|thumb|Tabita Rezaire]] <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.lespressesdureel.com/ouvrage.php?id=9266|title=Tabita Rezaire Conscience u.terre.ine|publisher=Les Presses du Réel}}</ref>Tabita Rezaire (amuru 1989, France) bu onye omenkà mgbasa ozi ohuru nke French [1] sitere na French Guianese and Danish, [2] “technical technology-political therapist, na” kemetic ” na kundali yoga onye nkuzi.  [3] O gosila ọrụ ya na Goodman Gallery na Johannesburg, Arebyte Gallery, London, Athens Bienniale, MAXXI, Rome, na Artspace, Sydney.  Akwụkwọ ya bụ Akọnuche u.terre.ine.  (2022) == Akụkọ ndụ == <ref name="arta">{{Cite web|url=https://artafricamagazine.org/exotic-trade-cultural-imperialism-decolonisation-and-the-internet-tabita-rezaire/|title=EXOTIC TRADE: Cultural imperialism, decolonisation and the Internet / Tabita Rezaire - ART AFRICA|author=douw|date=2017-05-17|work=Art Africa Magazine|language=en-GB|accessdate=2019-07-14}}</ref>Tabita Rezaire tolitere na Paris wee ike n'ebe ahụ maka BA ya, na Mahadum Paris Dauphine, na-eme afọ ikpeazụ ya na Copenhagen Business School na Denmark.  Ọ gara London, ka ọ àgwà ejiji wee mechaa nwetara nzere masta na nyọcha na nka na-akpụnyo Image na Central Saint Martins College of Art and Design .  [1] O birikwa na Paris, Mozambique, na Johannesburg site na 2014 ruo opekata mpe 2018 Na 2017, a nabatara ya na ebe obibi site na MeetFactory na Prague, [1] ebe ọ na-eme ihe ọrụ na njem .  Ọ azụ azụ n'iji gong .  [2] ebe nke 2021, ọ dabere na Cayenne, French Guiana. == Ọrụ == Rezaire na-ekiri vidiyo na ọrụ ikike nke ọ na-agụnyekarị onwe ya.  A na-ewere ahụ dị ka ike na ọrụ ya.  Ọtụtụ n'ime ọrụ ya na-emetụta echiche nke, ike-eji intersectional na Afro-feminism. <ref name="stu" /> Ọrụ vidiyo nke Rezaire Afro Cyber ​​Resistance [1] (2014) na-akatọ ụdị ịntanetị dị n'Ebe Ọdịda ụdị, na ụdị nke oke ọcha nke a na-enye saịtị na njikwa njikwa.  Ọ na-Aka-adi, dị ka ụwa gbara ya gburugburu, dị ka "na-erigbu, na-eke, klaasị, nna ochie, agadi , mmekọ nwoke na merụọ, mmanye na uwe".  Rezaire lere ya anya dị ka " akwụkwọ nta na oku maka ịntanetị" <ref name="stu">{{Cite news|url=https://www.studiointernational.com/index.php/tabita-rezaire-interview|title=Tabita Rezaire: ‘Reclamation allowed me to glow into my blackness, womanhood and queerness’|date=31 January 2018|author=Nestor|first=Hattie|publisher=Studio International Foundation}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFNestor2018">Nestor, Hattie (31 January 2018). [https://www.studiointernational.com/index.php/tabita-rezaire-interview "Tabita Rezaire: 'Reclamation allowed me to glow into my blackness, womanhood and queerness'"]. Studio International Foundation.</cite></ref> Ihe ngosi solo mbụ ya, Exotic Trade, mere na 2017 na Goodman Gallery na Johannesburg.  [1] N'ime ya o Mberede Sugar Walls Teardown, Hoetep Blessings (ma, 2016) na Inner Fire series (2016-17), nke vidiyo vidiyo, ihe onyonyo, na eserese onwe ya.  Ọ dị ka ahụ:   E mkpala ọrụ Rezaire nke ukwuu na Arebyte Gallery, London, 2019;  Athens Biennial, 2018;  [1] MAXXI, Rome;  na Artspace, Sydney === Ọrụ ndị ọzọ === * ''Onye agha udo,'' 2015 ''<ref name="Rhi" /> * ''Mgbidi Sugar,'' 2016 <ref name="Rhi" /> * ''Mmiri miri emi,'' 2017 <ref name="Rhi" /> * ''Njikọ adịchaghị,'' 2017 <ref name="Rhi">{{Cite news|url=https://rhizome.org/editorial/2018/feb/01/artist-profile-tabita-rezaire/|title=Artist Profile: Tabita Rezaire|date=1 February 2018|publisher=Rhizome.org|author=Ford|first=Eleanor}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFFord2018">Ford, Eleanor (1 February 2018). [https://rhizome.org/editorial/2018/feb/01/artist-profile-tabita-rezaire/ "Artist Profile: Tabita Rezaire"]. Rhizome.org.</cite></ref> == Mmekọrịta == Ọ na-arụ ọrụ na Alicia Mersy na artists duo Malaxa, [1] na-ebu na Johannesburg na Tel Aviv .  Ọ bụkwa onye akara SENEB yana mkpokọta NTU nke na-eke na Johannesburg, [2] ya na Bogosi Sekhukuni na Nolan Oswald Dennis .  [3] Ndị otu nke ikpeazụ osisi Africa nke nyere ndị na-ekiri mkpuchi ndị nna nna ha na Auto Italia na London.  NTU na-akwadokwa ikpo okwu dị n' ịntanetị otu ọdụ ọdụ na Seoul . <ref name="stu">{{Cite news|url=https://www.studiointernational.com/index.php/tabita-rezaire-interview|title=Tabita Rezaire: ‘Reclamation allowed me to glow into my blackness, womanhood and queerness’|date=31 January 2018|author=Nestor|first=Hattie|publisher=Studio International Foundation}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFNestor2018">Nestor, Hattie (31 January 2018). [https://www.studiointernational.com/index.php/tabita-rezaire-interview "Tabita Rezaire: 'Reclamation allowed me to glow into my blackness, womanhood and queerness'"]. Studio International Foundation.</cite></ref> == Hụkwa == * Cyberfeminism * Afrofuturism == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * Official website * [https://rhizome.org/editorial/2018/feb/01/artist-profile-tabita-rezaire/ Artist profile on Rhizome] * [https://www.aqnb.com/2017/06/20/fighting-for-the-future-with-the-digital-healing-survivalism-of-ntu-collectives-ubulawu-at-londons-auto-italia/ NTU Exhibition Review] * [https://www.studiointernational.com/index.php/tabita-rezaire-interview Interview on Studio International] * [https://www.goodman-gallery.com/artists/nolan-oswald-dennis#bio Nolan Oswald's Dennis' Profile] [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] lfre71osvra9uth9cjxorga36adrg5j 0 46454 644570 202728 2026-05-31T07:52:49Z Iwuala chisom 17246 Improved+added DS 644570 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=Elizabeth Smart|birth_name=Elizabeth Ann Smart|image=File:COD Presents An Evening with Elizabeth Smart (53280517841) (3x4a).jpg|caption=Smart in 2023|birth_date={{birth date and age|1987|11|3}}|birth_place=[[Salt Lake City]], [[Utah]], U.S.|spouse={{marriage|Matthew Gilmour|2012}}|children=3|occupation={{hlist|Activist|journalist}}|alma_mater=[[Brigham Young University]] ([[Bachelor of Music|B.M.]])|known_for=[[Child abduction|Abduction]] survivor|website={{URL|elizabethsmart.com}}}} '''Elizabeth Ann Gilmour''' (née '''Smart'''; amụrụ na ubochi ato na onwa Nọvemba, n’afo otu puku nari itolu na iri asato na asaa <ref>{{Cite news|date=October 13, 2022|title=Elizabeth Smart Fast Facts|work=[[CNN]]|url=https://www.cnn.com/2013/04/14/us/elizabeth-smart-fast-facts/index.html|accessdate=October 27, 2022}}</ref> bụ onye America na-ahụ maka nchekwa ụmụaka na onye na-akọwa ihe maka ABC News . <ref>{{Cite web|author=Smolowe|first=Jill|date=June 6, 2011|title=Elizabeth Smart: 'I Forgive Him'|url=https://people.com/archive/elizabeth-smart-i-forgive-him-vol-75-no-22/|accessdate=October 10, 2017|work=[[People (magazine)|People]]}}</ref> Ọ nwetara nlebara anya mba mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na anọ mgbe Brian David Mitchell tọọrọ ya n'ụlọ ya na Salt Lake City. Mitchell na nwunye ya, Wanda Barzee, jidere Smart ruo ọnwa itoolu ruo mgbe ndị uwe ojii napụtara ya n'okporo ámá dị na Sandy, Utah. Smart anọwo na-arụ ọrụ dị ka onye na-eme ngagharị iwe na onye na-akwado ndị na-efu efu. Ndụ ya na ntọrọ ya abụwo isiokwu nke ọtụtụ akwụkwọ na ihe nkiri na-abụghị akụkọ ifo. A mụrụ Elizabeth Ann Smart na ubochi ato n’onwa Nọvemba, n’afo otu puku nari itolu na iri asato na asaa, na Salt Lake City, [[Yútạh|Utah]], nye Edward "Ed" na Lois Smart. Ezinụlọ ya bụ akụkụ nke Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints . <ref>{{Cite web|work=NPR|url=https://www.npr.org/2014/01/01/258687244/elizabeth-smart-shares-about-her-faith-and-kidnapping|title=Elizabeth Smart Shares About Her Faith And Kidnapping|date=December 31, 2013|accessdate=November 18, 2017}}</ref> Ọ bụ nwa nke abụọ kasị okenye n'ezinụlọ ya; o nwere ụmụnne nwoke anọ na otu nwanne nwanyị. Smart gara Bryant Middle School na East High School na Salt Lake City. O mechara banye na Mahadum Brigham Young, ebe ọ nwetara nzere bachelọ nke egwu na egwu ụbọ akwara.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2013/10/21/gone-girl-2|title=Gone Girl|author=Talbot|first=Margaret|date=October 21, 2013|work=newyorker.com|publisher=New Yorker}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://universe.byu.edu/2012/11/05/elizabeth-smart-honored-for-legacy-of-hope/|title=Elizabeth Smart honored for 'Legacy of Hope'|author=Hanson|first=Kurt|date=November 5, 2012|work=universe.byu.edu|accessdate=June 2, 2024|archivedate=October 11, 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171011073759/http://universe.byu.edu/2012/11/05/elizabeth-smart-honored-for-legacy-of-hope/}}</ref> == Ịtọrọ mmadụ == Na ubochi nke ise, n’onwa June n’afo puku abuo na abuo, a tọọrọ Smart dị afọ iri na anọ site na ụlọ ihi ụra ya n'ụlọ ezinụlọ ya na Salt Lake City, Utah. N'ime ọnwa itoolu sochirinụ, a na-edina ya n'ike kwa ụbọchị, kee ya agbụ, ma yie ya egwu ọnwụ ma ọ bụrụ na ọ nwaa ịgbapụ.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://heraldextra.com/news/state-and-regional/article_947aa289-48f1-522f-b434-f37911dbffa1.html|title=Elizabeth Smart says she was raped daily|work=The Daily Herald|accessdate=October 7, 2009}}</ref> Ndị uwe ojii napụtara ya na ubochi nke iri na abuo n’onwa March n’afo puku abuo na ato, n'okporo ámá ọha na eze na Sandy, Utah, iri na asato(kilomita iri abuo na itolu) site n'ụlọ ya. Ndị akaebe abụọ matara ndị ntọ Brian David Mitchell na Wanda Ileen Barzee site na ihe omume America's Most Wanted. N'abalị iri na isii n'ọnwa Nọvemba n'afọ puku abuo na itolu, Barzee kwetara na ikpe mara ya maka inye aka na ntọrọ Elizabeth Smart dị ka akụkụ nke nkwekọrịta arịrịọ ya na ndị ọkàiwu.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Barzee expected to enter guilty plea in Smart case|url=http://heraldextra.com/news/local/article_adaad756-d2ee-11de-8808-001cc4c002e0.html|work=The Daily Herald|accessdate=November 16, 2009}}</ref> N’onwa Mee, n’ubochi nke iri na itolu, n’afo puku abuo na iri, Ọkàikpe gọọmentị etiti Dale A. Kimball mara Barzee ikpe afọ iri na ise n'ụlọ mkpọrọ gọọmentị. Dị ka akụkụ nke nkwekọrịta arịrịọ n'etiti ndị na-agbachitere ya na ndị ọkàiwu gọọmentị etiti, o nyere Barzee otuto maka afọ asaa ọ jere ozi.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.cnn.com/2010/CRIME/02/08/elizabeth.smart.plea/index.html|title=Elizabeth Smart kidnapper pleads guilty to trying to abduct cousin - CNN.com|work=CNN News|language=en|accessdate=August 28, 2019}}</ref> Ụlọikpe ahụ chọpụtara na Mitchell ruru eru ikpe maka ịtọrọ mmadụ na ebubo mwakpo mmekọahụ. A mara ya ikpe maka ebubo abụọ ahụ ma maa ya ikpe na Mee n’afo puku abuo na iri na otu ka ọ nọrọ n'Ụlọ Mkpọrọ gọọmentị etiti ugboro abụọ.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Elizabeth Smart Tells Kidnapper She'll Live a Good Life Moments Before He Gets a Life Sentence|url=http://www.foxnews.com/us/2011/05/25/elizabeth-smart-tells-kidnapper-shell-live-good-life-moments-gets-life-sentence/?test=latestnews|publisher=FoxNews.com|accessdate=May 26, 2011|date=May 25, 2011}}</ref> Na ubochi nke asato n’onwa Machị, n’afo puku abuo na isii, Smart kwuru okwu n'ihu United States Congress iji kwado iwu ndị na-eme ihe ike na usoro AMBER Alert. Na Julaị, n’ubochi nke iri abuo na isii, n’afo puku abuo na isii, o kwuru okwu n'ihe omume e mere mgbe a bịanyere aka na Iwu Adam Walsh. Smart bụ otu n'ime ndị okenye ise na-eto eto gbakere nke nyere aka n'akwụkwọ afo puku abuo na asato You're Not Alone, nke Ngalaba Ikpe Ziri Ezi nke US bipụtara. Ọ pụtara na ihe omume onwa Mee n’afo puku abuo na asato na-akwalite akwụkwọ ahụ.<ref>{{Cite web|title=''You're Not Alone: The Journey From Abduction to Empowerment''|url=https://www.ojjdp.gov/publications/PubAbstract.asp?pubi=244130|publisher=[[Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention]]|accessdate=September 12, 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.cnn.com/2006/US/05/05/smart.cnna/index.html|accessdate=May 20, 2008|title=Elizabeth Smart hopes to aid victims|publisher=CNN}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.deseretnews.com/article/1,5143,700227525,00.html|accessdate=May 20, 2008|first=Pat|author=Reavy|date=May 20, 2008|title=Elizabeth Smart: Ready for college and moving on after kidnapping|work=[[Deseret News]]}}</ref> N'afọ puku abuo na itolu, Smart kwuru maka ntọrọ Jaycee Lee Dugard. O kwuru na, na ahụmịhe nke onwe ya nke ịgbake site na mmerụ ahụ, ọ chọpụtara na ibi n'oge gara aga enweghị isi. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Oh|first=Eunice|date=August 28, 2009|title=Elizabeth Smart's Advice to Jaycee Dugard: Move Forward in Life|url=https://people.com/celebrity/elizabeth-smarts-advice-to-jaycee-dugard-move-forward-in-life/|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211217191708/https://people.com/celebrity/elizabeth-smarts-advice-to-jaycee-dugard-move-forward-in-life/|archivedate=December 17, 2021|accessdate=September 12, 2017|work=[[People (magazine)|People]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=James|first=Frank|date=August 28, 2009|title=Kidnap Victim Elizabeth Smart Gives Jaycee Dugard Advice|url=https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2009/08/kidnap_victim_elizabeth_smarts.html|accessdate=October 23, 2022|work=[[NPR]]}}</ref> N'ọnwa Ọktoba afọ puku abuo na itolu, Smart kwuru okwu na afo puku abuo na itolu Women's Conference na California (nke Maria Shriver kwadoro) n'isiokwu nke imeri ihe mgbochi na ndụ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.womensconference.org/elizabeth-smart|accessdate=March 14, 2010|title=The Women's Conference hosted by California's First Lady|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20130416100743/http://www.womensconference.org/elizabeth-smart|archivedate=April 16, 2013}}</ref> N'afọ puku abuo na iri na otu, Smart guzobere Elizabeth Smart Foundation, nke na-ezube iweta olileanya ma kwụsị mmegbu na mmegbu nke mwakpo mmekọahụ site na mgbochi, mgbake, na nkwado. <ref name="facts">{{Cite web|date=October 31, 2017|title=Elizabeth Smart Fast Facts|url=http://www.cnn.com/2013/04/14/us/elizabeth-smart-fast-facts/index.html|accessdate=November 18, 2017|work=CNN}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.elizabethsmartfoundation.org/|title=Home|work=elizabethsmartfoundation.org}}</ref> Na Machị, n’afo puku abuo na iri na otu, Smart bụ otu n'ime ụmụ nwanyị anọ nyere onyinye Diane von Furstenberg . <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.huffpost.com/entry/hillary-clinton-elizabeth-smart-dvf-award_n_834874|title=Hillary Clinton, Elizabeth Smart Honored By Diane Von Furstenberg|accessdate=November 1, 2021|work=HuffPost|first=Hilary|author=Moss|date=March 12, 2011}}</ref> Na Julai, ubochi nke asaa, n’afo puku abuo na iri na otu, ABC News kwupụtara na ọ ga-arụ ọrụ dị ka onye na-akọwa ha, na-elekwasị anya na ndị furu efu. <ref>{{Cite news|author=Dobner|first=Jennifer|title=Elizabeth Smart to work as ABC commentator|url=http://www.sandiegouniontribune.com/sdut-elizabeth-smart-to-work-as-abc-commentator-2011jul07-story.html|accessdate=September 13, 2017|work=[[The San Diego Union-Tribune]]|date=July 7, 2011}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|author=Collins|first=Lois M.|title=Elizabeth Smart to join ABC for missing-persons insight|url=https://www.deseret.com/2011/7/7/20202414/elizabeth-smart-to-join-abc-for-missing-persons-insight|accessdate=November 1, 2021|work=[[Deseret News]]|date=July 7, 2011}}</ref> N'ọnwa Julaị afọ, n’afo puku abuo na iri na abuo, Theta Phi Alpha National Fraternity nyere Smart Ihe nrite Siena Medal. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thetaphialpha.org/about/award-recipients/siena-medalists|title=Siena Medalists {{!}} Theta Phi Alpha|work=www.thetaphialpha.org|accessdate=December 12, 2019|archivedate=June 12, 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612163402/https://www.thetaphialpha.org/about/award-recipients/siena-medalists}}</ref> Ihe nrite bụ nsọpụrụ kachasị elu nke nzukọ ahụ na-enye onye na-abụghị onye otu. Ha gụrụ ya aha onye nkwado ha, St. Catherine nke Siena.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thetaphialpha.org/awards|title=Awards Recipients {{!}} Theta Phi Alpha|work=www.thetaphialpha.org|accessdate=December 12, 2019|archivedate=November 15, 2009|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20091115193950/https://www.thetaphialpha.org/awards}}</ref> Na Mee ubochi nke mbu n’afo puku abuo na iri na ato, n'okwu ya na nzukọ Ịzụ ahịa mmadụ na Mahadum Johns Hopkins, Smart tụlere mkpa ọ dị ikwusi ike uru onwe onye n'ịlụso ịzụ ahịa mmadụ ọgụ na mkpa ọ dị iwepụ akụkọ ọdịbendị na-agba gburugburu ụmụ agbọghọ enweghị uru mgbe ha na-enwe mmekọahụ. N'ịbụ onye onye jidere ya dinara n'ike, ọ chetara mmetụta na-ebibi ihe nke ikpughe na mmemme agụmakwụkwọ mmekọahụ na-ezere naanị. Ọtụtụ n'ime ha na-akụzi na nwa agbọghọ na-enwe mmekọahụ yiri ihe a na-ata ata. "Echere m, 'ewoo, abụ m nke na-ata ụyọkọ, ọ dịghị onye na-ata otu ụyọkọ ụyọkọ ọzọ, ị tụfuru ya.' Nke ahụ bụ otú o si dị mfe iche na ị nweghịzi uru, ị nweghịzi ọnụ ahịa, "Smart kwuru. "Gịnị mere na ọ ga-eji bụrụ ihe kwesịrị iti mkpu? Gịnị mere ọ ga-eme ka ihe dị iche ma ọ bụrụ na a napụta gị? Ndụ gị ka enweghị uru. " Smart gara n'ihu na-arịọ ndị na-ege ntị ka ha kụziere ụmụaka inwe uru onwe ha, na-ezere ile onwe ha anya dị ka ndị a na-emegbu.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Video: Elizabeth Smart speaks at Johns Hopkins University|date=May 7, 2013|url=http://fox13now.com/2013/05/06/video-elizabeth-smart-speaks-at-johns-hopkins-university/|accessdate=May 9, 2013}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.deseret.com/opinion/2013/5/7/20796372/did-elizabeth-smart-say-it-s-wrong-to-teach-abstinence|first=Jay|author=Evenson|title=Did Elizabeth Smart say it's wrong to teach abstinence?|publisher=Deseret News|date=May 7, 2013|accessdate=November 1, 2021}}</ref> N'ọnwa Febụwarị afọ puku abuo na iri na ano, Smart gbara akaebe n'ihu ụlọ omebe iwu steeti Utah na-akwado HB nke nari abuo na iri asato na isii. Iwu ahụ ga-emepụta usoro mmụta nhọrọ maka iji n'ụlọ akwụkwọ Utah iji nye ọzụzụ maka mgbochi mmetọ ụmụaka. Na mbido afọ puku abuo na iri na ise, Faith Counts gosipụtara Smart na vidiyo ebe ọ na-akọwa etu okpukpe ya si akwado ya site na ahụhụ ya ma nyere ya aka ịgwọ ya.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Multi-faith Initiative Viewed by Millions— Faith Counts releases new video featuring Elizabeth Smart|url=https://newsroom.churchofjesuschrist.org/article/multi-faith-initiative-viewed-by-millions|accessdate=September 13, 2017|work=Newsroom|publisher=[[The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints]]|date=February 6, 2015}}</ref> Ka ọ na-erule Septemba afo puku abuo na iri na isii, Smart bụ onye na-ede akụkọ maka ihe ngosi mpụ nke eziokwu Crime Watch Daily . <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://fox13now.com/2016/09/15/elizabeth-smart-returns-for-season-two-of-crime-watch-daily-with-chris-hansen/|title=Elizabeth Smart returns for season two of 'Crime Watch Daily with Chris Hansen'|date=September 15, 2016|work=fox13now.com|language=en|accessdate=July 23, 2019}}</ref> Ndị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị steeti dị iche iche atụwo aro iwu nke ga-achọ ka kọmputa niile nwee ihe nzacha ihe na-akpali agụụ mmekọahụ, na-akpọ ya "Elizabeth Smart Law". Otú ọ dị, na Machị afo puku abuo na iri na asato, ọnụ na-ekwuchitere ya gọnahụrụ mmekọrịta ya na atụmatụ ahụ. Ọkaiwu ya zigara ndị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị akwụkwọ ozi ịkwụsị na ịkwụsị nke e nyere ha iwu ka ha ghara iji aha ya mee ihe.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/*/https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/elizabeth-smart-wants-her-name-removed-from-anti-porn-bill/2018/03/26/31a6d1a2-311b-11e8-b6bd-0084a1666987_story.html Elizabeth Smart demands porn bill backer stop using her name] - Michelle R. Smith, The Washington Post / AP, March 26, 2018</ref> Na June ubochi nke ise, n’afo puku abuo na iri na asaa na ncheta afọ iri na ise nke ntọrọ ya, Lifetime gosipụtara ihe nkiri TV akpọrọ I Am Elizabeth Smart, nke Smart kọrọ ma mepụta, nke na-akọ akụkọ banyere ntọrọ ya site n'echiche ya. Ihe nkiri ahụ gosipụtara Alana Boden dị ka Elizabeth Smart, Skeet Ulrich dị ka Brian David Mitchell, Deirdre Lovejoy dị ka Wanda Ileen Barzee, George Newbern dị ka Ed Smart, na Anne Openshaw dị ka Lois Smart. N'afọ puku abuo na iri na asato, Smart bipụtara ‘Where There's Hope: Healing, Moving Forward, and Never Giving Up’ na St. Martin's Press.<ref>{{Cite book|author=Smart|first=Elizabeth A.|title=Where There's Hope: Healing, Moving Forward, and Never Giving Up|date=March 27, 2018|publisher=St. Martin's Press|isbn=978-1250115522|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=Smart|first=Elizabeth A.|date=March 27, 2018|title=Where There's Hope: Healing, Moving Forward, and Never Giving Up|url=https://www.barnesandnoble.com/w/where-theres-hope-elizabeth-a-smart/1126613159?type=eBook|accessdate=July 8, 2018|work=Barnes & Noble|language=en}}</ref> A kọrọ akụkọ banyere ntọrọ ya na nnapụta ya n'ọtụtụ ebe ma bụrụ isiokwu nke ihe nkiri TV, The Elizabeth Smart Story, Lifetime's I Am Elizabeth Smart na akwụkwọ ndị na-abụghị akụkọ ifo. N'ọnwa Ọktoba afọ puku abuo na iri na ato, St. Martin's Press bipụtara My Story, akwụkwọ ncheta nke ahụmịhe Smart na Chris Stewart.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Kaufman|first=Leslie|date=November 20, 2012|title=Elizabeth Smart Memoir of Her Captivity Is Acquired by St. Martin's|work=[[The New York Times]]|url=http://mediadecoder.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/11/20/elizabeth-smart-memoir-of-her-captivity-is-acquired-by-st-martins/|accessdate=August 9, 2016}}</ref> Akwụkwọ ahụ na-akọwa ma ntọrọ Smart na nguzobe nke Elizabeth Smart Foundation, nke na-arụ ọrụ iji kwalite mmata banyere ntọrọ.<ref>{{Cite web|author=The Associated Press|date=November 23, 2012|title=Congressman-elect writing Elizabeth Smart's memoir|url=https://www.deseret.com/2012/11/23/20510211/congressman-elect-writing-elizabeth-smart-s-memoir|accessdate=October 9, 2013|publisher=Deseretnews.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=Foy|first=Paul|date=October 7, 2013|title=Elizabeth Smart details experience in Memoir|url=https://www.deseret.com/2013/10/7/20458182/elizabeth-smart-details-kidnapping-in-new-memoir|accessdate=November 1, 2021|publisher=Deseretnews.com}}</ref> Smart akpọwo ụbọ akwara na telivishọn mba na United States.<ref>{{Cite news|date=October 5, 2013|title=Elizabeth Plays The Harp|work=[[NBC News]]|url=http://www.nbcnews.com/video/nbc-news/53191726/#53191726|accessdate=September 12, 2017}}</ref> Nwanne nna Smart, Tom Smart, na onye edemede Lee Benson dere akwụkwọ banyere ọchụchọ Smart, In Plain Sight: The Startling Truth Behind the Elizabeth Smart Investigation. Nna ya dere akwụkwọ ọzọ banyere ntọrọ Smart, nke akpọrọ Bringing Elizabeth Home. E mere ihe nkiri telivishọn, The Elizabeth Smart Story, n’afo puku abuo na ato, dabere na akwụkwọ nna Smart. N'afọ puku abuo na iri abuo na otu, Smart sonyere na The Masked Dancer dị ka "Moth". E wepụrụ ya n'oge nke atọ nke usoro ahụ, na-etinye nke asatọ n'ozuzu na asọmpi ahụ. N'afọ puku abuo na iri abuo na abuo, Elizabeth Smart bụ onye isi mmepụta nke ihe nkiri Lifetime Stolen by Their Father dị ka akụkụ nke ihe nkiri "Ripped From the Headlines" nke kwuru maka atụmatụ Lizbeth Meredith iji weghachite ụmụ ya nwanyị mgbe di mbụ Meredith bụ Greg debere ya na Gris n'oge ha gara ya.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.distractify.com/p/lizbeth-meredith-now|title=Lizbeth Meredith Now: "Stolen by Their Father" Subject Shares Story}}</ref> N'afọ puku abuo na iri abuo na ato, Smart bụ onye isi mmepụta nke ihe nkiri Lifetime The Girl Who Escaped: The Kara Robinson Story dị ka akụkụ nke "Ripped From the Headlines" nke kọwapụtara ntọrọ nke Kara Robinson n'aka Richard Evonitz.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://deadline.com/2023/01/lifetime-elizabeth-smart-the-kara-robinson-story-1235210908/|title=Lifetime Partners Again with Elizabeth Smart on "The Kara Robinson Story"|work=Deadline|first=Lynnette|author=Rice|date=January 4, 2023|accessdate=February 11, 2023}}</ref> O mechara bụrụ onye isi mmepụta nke Abducted By My Teacher: The Elizabeth Thomas Story dị ka akụkụ nke ihe nkiri "Ripped From the Headlines" nke kọwapụtara Kidnapping of Elizabeth Thomas.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.etonline.com/interview-elizabeth-thomas-reflects-on-being-abducted-by-her-teacher-getting-closure-exclusive-209634|title=Elizabeth Thomas Reflects on Being Abducted by Her Teacher, Getting Closure|work=ET Online|first=Miguel A.|author=Melendez|date=August 11, 2023|accessdate=August 12, 2023}}</ref> == Ndụ onwe onye == Na Nọvemba ubochi nke iri na otu, n’afo puku abuo na itolu, Smart hapụrụ Salt Lake City ije ozi dị ka onye ozi ala ọzọ maka Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints na Paris. <ref>{{Cite news|author=Reavy, Pat|title=Elizabeth Smart could testify before leaving for LDS mission|date=September 17, 2009|work=[[Deseret News]]|url=https://www.deseret.com/2009/9/18/20341070/elizabeth-smart-could-testify-before-leaving-for-lds-mission|accessdate=November 1, 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|author=McEntee, Peg|title=For Dorotha Smart, it is time to move on|date=November 19, 2009|work=[[The Salt Lake Tribune]]|url=https://archive.sltrib.com/story.php?ref=/ci_13819040|accessdate=November 1, 2021}}</ref> Smart laghachiri nwa oge site na ọrụ ya na onwa Nọvemba n’afo puku abuo na iri iji bụrụ onye isi akaebe na ikpe gọọmentị etiti nke Brian David Mitchell. Mgbe ikpe ahụ gasịrị, ọ laghachiri France iji mechaa ọrụ ya, na-alọta na Utah na mbido afọ puku abuo na iri na otu.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Pat Reavy|url=https://www.deseret.com/2011/5/19/20372592/elizabeth-smart-wants-to-use-her-trials-to-inspire-others|title=Elizabeth Smart wants to use her trials to inspire others|publisher=Deseret News|date=May 19, 2011|accessdate=November 1, 2021}}</ref> Mgbe ọ na-eje ozi dị ka ndị ozi ala ọzọ na Paris Mission, Smart zutere onye Scotland Matthew Gilmour. N'ọnwa Jenụwarị afọ puku abuo na iri na abuo, mgbe ha nwesịrị otu afọ, ha kwere onwe ha nkwa ọlụlụ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://usnews.msnbc.msn.com/_news/2012/01/20/10201087-former-utah-kidnapping-victim-elizabeth-smart-gets-engaged|title=Former Utah kidnapping victim Elizabeth Smart gets engaged|date=January 20, 2012|publisher=MSNBC|accessdate=January 20, 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120122223458/http://usnews.msnbc.msn.com/_news/2012/01/20/10201087-former-utah-kidnapping-victim-elizabeth-smart-gets-engaged|archivedate=January 22, 2012}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=Elizabeth Smart marries boyfriend in private, spur of the moment Hawaiian ceremony|url=http://www.foxnews.com/us/2012/02/19/elizabeth-smart-marries-boyfriend-in-private-spur-moment-hawaiian-ceremony/?intcmp=features|accessdate=February 19, 2012|publisher=NewsCore|date=February 19, 2012}}</ref> Ha lụrụ na Febụwarị ubochi nke iri na asato n’afo puku abuo na iri na abuo, n'ememe nzuzo na Laie Hawaii Temple. <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.deseret.com/2012/2/19/20498802/elizabeth-smart-marries-in-hawaiian-mormon-temple|title=Elizabeth Smart marries in Hawaiian Mormon temple|author=Lee|first=Jasen|date=February 18, 2012|work=Deseret News|accessdate=November 1, 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|author=Nelson|first=James|title=Former kidnap victim Elizabeth Smart marries in Hawaii|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-elizabethsmart-wedding-idUSTRE81I01K20120219|accessdate=February 19, 2012|work=Reuters|date=February 19, 2012}}</ref> Kemgbe ahụ, di na nwunye ahụ amụọla ụmụ atọ n’afo puku abuo na iri na ise, afo puku abuo na iri na asaa, na n’afo puku abuo na iri na asato. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.eastidahonews.com/2015/05/ed-smarts-big-screen-mission-to-stop-child-sex-trafficking/|author=Eaton|first=Nate|title=ED SMART'S BIG SCREEN MISSION TO STOP CHILD SEX TRAFFICKING|date=May 18, 2015|accessdate=August 21, 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://people.com/babies/elizabeth-smart-second-child-birth-boy/|title=Kidnap Survivor Elizabeth Smart Shares First Photo of Her New Baby Boy on Easter Sunday|date=April 16, 2017|work=people.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.deseret.com/2017/4/17/20610453/elizabeth-smart-shares-first-photo-of-adorable-baby-boy-on-easter|title=Elizabeth Smart shares first photo of adorable baby boy on Easter|date=April 17, 2017|work=deseretnews.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.etonline.com/elizabeth-smart-is-pregnant-with-her-third-child-105025|author=Calvario|first=Liz|title=Elizabeth Smart is Pregnant With Her Third Child|date=June 26, 2018|accessdate=July 29, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.srnnews.com/elizabeth-smart-gives-birth-to-third-child-a-baby-girl/|title=Elizabeth Smart gives birth to third child, a baby girl|date=November 19, 2018|work=SRN News}}</ref> N'afọ puku abuo na iri na itolu, mgbe ọ na-aga n'ụlọ na Utah n'Ụgbọelu Delta Airlines, Smart kwuru na onye njem nwoke nọ n'akụkụ ya kpọtere ya na-ata n'ime apata ụkwụ ya. Ọ kọrọ ihe merenụ wee malite mmemme nchebe onwe onye maka ụmụ nwanyị na ụmụ agbọghọ a na-akpọ Smart Defense . <ref name="delta">{{Cite news|title=Elizabeth Smart says she was sexually assaulted on an airplane last year|author=Doha Madani|work=[[NBC News]]|date=February 7, 2020|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/elizabeth-smart-says-she-was-sexually-assaulted-airplane-last-year-n1131856/|accessdate=May 17, 2020}}</ref> == Hụkwa == * Alicia Kozakiewicz == Ihe odide == === Ihe ndị e dere n'akwụkwọ === {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Smart, Elizabeth}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Visibilizing disabilities in Nigeria (1.0)]] [[Òtù:Igbo wikimedians user Group]] 4vcxq3bg2nfwpdeptsck3j4p89pistm 0 46770 644089 637558 2026-05-30T15:41:23Z Mirah50 16972 Fixed reference errors 644089 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly></includeonly>{| class="infobox biography vcard" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-above" |<div class="fn">Tau Lewis</div> |- class="infobox-data" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" | Amụrụ | class="infobox-data" | Ọnwa Iri 31, 1993 |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" | Weebụsaịtị | class="infobox-data" | https://taulewis.com/tau-lewis |} {{Databox}}'''Tau Lewis''' (amuru 1993 na Toronto, Ontario ) bu onye omenka Jamaican-Canadian na-aru oru n’uzo di iche iche tinyere ihe ejiri aka dụ, nke a pịrị apị, na mkpọkọta . <ref name="Agnes Etherington Art Centre">{{Cite web|title=Tau Lewis: when last you found me here|url=https://agnes.queensu.ca/exhibition/tau-lewis/|accessdate=22 September 2021|work=Agnes Etherington Art Centre}}</ref> <ref name="The Hepworth Wakefield">{{Cite web|title=Tau Lewis|url=https://hepworthwakefield.org/artist/tau-lewis/|accessdate=22 September 2021|work=The Hepworth Wakefield}}</ref> == Omume nka == Omume Lewis na-arụ ọrụ na ihe ndị achọtara, gụnyere sheshell na akwa akwa. Ọtụtụ n'ime ọrụ ya na-elekwasị anya n'ahụmahụ nke obodo ndị si mba Africa . <ref name="National Gallery of Canada">{{Cite web|title=Tau Lewis: Symphony|url=https://www.gallery.ca/whats-on/exhibitions-and-galleries/tau-lewis-symphony|work=National Gallery of Canada|accessdate=22 September 2021}}</ref> Ọ na-eji recycling n'ihi na ọ bụ okirikiri ma nwee mgbọrọgwụ na nna nna ya. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Groundations|url=https://canadianart.ca/features/tau-lewis-groundations/.|work=Canadian art}}</ref> Ọrụ Lewis gara aga jiri ihe ndị dị ka "osisi, ihe mkpofu, simenti, waya, plasta, okwute, ite agba, ụdọ na mgbanaka, ọrụ ọhụrụ ya na-adabawanye n'ime akwa." <ref name=":0" /> Iji ihe ndị a na-enweta n'ụwa nile ọ na-emepụta echiche nke obodo na nna ochie na ọrụ ahụ. <ref name=":2" /> Ojiji Lewis ji ihe mkpofu na ihe eweghachitere na-ejikọta na akụkọ ihe mere eme nke akụ na ụba ma mara gburugburu ebe obibi, nke ọ na-agbalị idobe na steeti ha achọtara. <ref name=":3">{{Cite web|date=11 December 2018|title=Tau Lewis: I Bet This Cave Has Been Here for a Really Long Time.|url=https://brooklynrail.org/2018/12/artseen/Tau-Lewis-I-bet-this-cave-has-been-here-for-a-really-long-time|work=The Brooklyn Rail}}</ref> <ref name=":4">{{Cite news|author=Greenberger|first=Alex|date=December 9, 2022|title=Tau Lewis's Beguiling Sculptures Allow Her to Commune with Spirits|url=https://www.artnews.com/art-news/artists/tau-lewis-52-walker-sculptures-1234649657/|accessdate=March 23, 2024|work=[[ARTnews]]}}</ref> Na 2018, e nyere Lewis ihe nrite Frieze Frame Stand Prize maka ihe ngosi solo ya na Cooper Cole Gallery na Frieze [[New York City]], USA. <ref>{{Cite web|title=A Conversation with Tau Lewis|url=https://canadianart.ca/interviews/a-conversation-with-tau-lewis/}}</ref> Tau Lewis na-anọchite anya Night Gallery, Los Angeles, <ref>{{Cite web|title=NIGHT GALLERY TO REPRESENT TAU LEWIS|url=https://www.nightgallery.ca/news/night-gallery-to-represent-tau-lewis}}</ref> na Stephen Freidman Gallery, [[London]], UK. <ref>{{Cite web|date=25 July 2021|title=Latest News in Black Art: Tau Lewis Joins Stephen Friedman Gallery, Christopher Blay Named Chief Curator at Houston African American Museum, Housing Gallery Receives Armory Show's Gramercy International Prize|url=https://www.culturetype.com/2021/07/25/latest-news-in-black-art-tau-lewis-joins-stephen-friedman-gallery-christopher-blay-named-chief-curator-at-houston-african-american-museum-housing-gallery-receives-armory-shows-gramercy-internatio/}}</ref> == Ọrụ ahọpụtara == === ịhụ onye bi na onyinyo ikpeazụ (original sea kin) (2018) === Uwe mkpuchi Lewis nke dị ụkwụụkwụ iri na abụọ nwere ihe ejiri aka kpachie gụnyere akpụkpọ anụ na akwa eweghachitere. <ref>{{Cite web|title=The sighting of the last shadow dweller (original sea kin), 2018|url=https://coopercolegallery.com/art/tau-lewis-the-sighting-of-the-last-shadow-dweller-original-sea-kin/|work=Cooper Cole}}</ref> A na-ejikọta ihe ndị ahụ n'oge ọ bụla na-enweghị ụdị ọdịdị ma ọ bụ ụkpụrụ, na-acha anụnụ anụnụ na ọdịdị okike na-emepụta "ihe ngosi pụtara ìhè na mmiri na usoro mmiri." <ref name=":3" /> === TAUBIS (2020) === Akụkụ nke ihe ngosi 2020 na Toronto art gallery Cooper Cole, ojiji Lewis jiri "akwa akwa sculptural ejiri aka dụnye na-atụgharị uche na ịbụ nne na ubi na-abụghị nwoke ma ọ bụ nwanyị dị ka isi mmalite nke ihe ọmụma na uto." <ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=Tau Lewis at COOPER COLE|url=https://artviewer.org/tau-lewis-at-cooper-cole/.|work=Art viewer|date=29 October 2020}}</ref> Ọrụ a bụ akụkụ nke Lewis na-aga n'ihu na-eji akwa ụlọ agbagoro agbagoro na nke eweghachitere maka mmepụta ihe ọkpụkpụ, nke ejiri ihe dị iche iche sitere na akwa akwagharị na akwa aka, akpụkpọ anụ arụgharịrị, batting owu, beads, acrylic paint, PVA, gluu, metal. uwe mwụda hoop, na ọkpọkọ, ruo n'oké osimiri. <ref name=":1" /> <ref name=":2">{{Cite web|title=Suspended Blossoms and Patchwork Characters Imagine a Pastel Universe of Overabundance|url=http://www.thisiscolossal.com/2020/11/tau-lewis-taubis/.|work=Colossal|date=30 November 2020}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[http://www.thisiscolossal.com/2020/11/tau-lewis-taubis/. "Suspended Blossoms and Patchwork Characters Imagine a Pastel Universe of Overabundance"]. ''Colossal''. 30 November 2020.</cite></ref> === Mater Dei (2022) === Emepụtara ọrụ ọkpụkpụ a maka ''Vox Populi, Vox Dei'', ihe ngosi 2022 na New York gallery 52 Walker. Aha ọrụ ahụ, na-asụgharị na "nne nke chi," na-ejikọta na ihe ngosi ihe mgbaru ọsọ nke ịmepụta ohere maka ntụgharị uche na nyocha nke ime mmụọ. <ref name=":4" /> Ihe nkpuchi a na akụkụ ise ndị ọzọ egosipụtara na-adabere na mkpuchi okpukpe ndị Yoruba . <ref>{{Cite web|author=Bansinath|first=Bindu|date=2022-12-19|title='Spirits Just Want To Be Seen'|url=https://www.thecut.com/2022/12/tau-lewis-vox-populi-vox-dei-52-walker-art-gallery-david-zwirner.html|accessdate=2024-05-07|work=The Cut|language=en}}</ref> == mkpokọta ọha == Ozi mkpokọta niile achọtara na weebụsaịtị gọọmentị Tau Lewis * Ụlọ ihe ngosi nka nke Grinnell College, Grinnell, IA * Ụlọ ihe ngosi nka Hammer, Los Angeles, CA * Institute of Contemporary Art, Miami, Miami, FL * Ụlọ ihe ngosi nka nke Montreal Arts, Montreal, QC, Canada * National Gallery nke Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada * Ụlọ ihe ngosi nka nke Metropolitan Museum of Art Library Collection, New York, NY * San Francisco Museum of Modern Art (SFMOMA), San Francisco, CA * Ọbá akwụkwọ wee nweta Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada == Ihe ngosi == Na 2018, Lewis nwere ihe ngosi solo nke izizi ya na Canada na Agnes Etherington Art Center . <ref name="Agnes Etherington Art Centre" /> Na 2021 Lewis'sculpture "Symphony" ka egosiri na Rotunda nke National Gallery nke Canada na Ottawa dịka akụkụ nke usoro ''ihe omume Contemporary'' . <ref name="National Gallery of Canada" /> Ihe ngosi niile ewepụtara na webụsaịtị gọọmentị Lewis. === Ihe ngosi Solo & Duo === * 2016 - ''foraged, abụghị n'efu'', The Pendulum Project, 223a, Toronto, ON, Canada * 2017 - ''cyphers, anụ ahụ, blizzards, nchụpụ'', 8-11 Osisi, Toronto, ON, Canada * 2017 - ''Site na ndị anyị na-ele onwe anyị anya'', Cooper Cole, Toronto, ON, Canada (mmadụ abụọ) * 2018 - ''Tau Lewis'', Atlanta Contemporary, Atlanta, GA * 2018 - ''na-eme ka ọ rụọ ọrụ ọnụ ka anyị nwere ike'', Jeffery Stark, New York, NY * 2018 - ''Cheyenne Julien na Tau Lewis'', Isi nke NY, New York, NY (mmadụ abụọ) * 2018 - ''mgbe ikpeazụ ịchọtara m ebe a'', Agnes Etherington Art Center, [[Kingston]], ON, Canada * 2018 - ''M nzọ na ọgba a anọwo ebe a ogologo oge'', gbaa Lobster, New York, NY * 2019 - ''Anụrụ m ụda obi na oghere ojii'', Cordova, Barcelona, Spain, (mmadụ abụọ) * 2019 - ''A na m atụkwasị gị obi ka ị gbadata m ọzọ'', Night Gallery, Los Angeles, CA * 2019 - ''mgbe ikpeazụ ị chọtara m ebe a'', Kenderine Art Gallery, University of Saskatchewan, SK, Canada * 2019 - ''Coral Reef Preservation Society'', Yorkshire Sculpture International na The Hepworth Wakefield, Yorkshire, UK * 2020 - ''Ụlọ maapụ Sparkle'', Osisi Oakville, Oakville, ON, Canada * 2020 - ''Njikọ Mmeri nke Ubiquitous Blossoms of Incarnate Souls'', Cooper Cole, Toronto, ON, Canada * 2021 - ''Symphony'', National Gallery nke Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada * 2022 - ''Vox Populi, Vox Dei'', 52 Walker, New York, NY * 2023 - ''Tau Lewis'', Institute of Contemporary Art Miami (ICA Miami), Miami, FL == Ihe nrite == * 2017 - Ihe nrite William na Meredith Saunderson nke Hynatyshyn Foundation maka ndị nka na-apụta. * 2018 - Frieze Frame Stand Prize, Cooper Cole solo ngosi, Frieze, New York * 2023 - Onyinye Ezinụlọ Ezratti maka Ọkpụkpụ, Institute of Contemporary Art Miami (ICA Miami), Miami, FL Onyinye niile ewepụtara na weebụsaịtị gọọmentị Tau Lewis. == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * Official website [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 6y0z3fufasx1ittijerce72wgxuxkev 0 46795 644109 177025 2026-05-30T16:01:57Z Mirah50 16972 Fixed reference errors 644109 wikitext text/x-wiki   [[File:Tayeb saleh.jpg|thumb|Tayeb Salih]] '''Tayeb Salih''' ({{lang-ar|الطيب صالح|aṭ-Ṭayyib Ṣāliḥ}}; 12 Julaị 1929 - 18 Febụwarị 2009) [1] bụ onye ode akwụkwọ Sudan, onye odeakụkọ ọdịnala maka mmemme BBC Arabic yana akwụkwọ akụkọ Arabik, yana onye ọrụ UNESCO. A maara ya nke ọma maka akwụkwọ akụkọ ya Oge Migration na North, nke a na-ewere dị ka otu n'ime akwụkwọ akụkọ kachasị mkpa na akwụkwọ Arabic. Asụgharịla akwụkwọ akụkọ ya na mkpirisi akụkọ ya n'asụsụ Bekee yana ihe karịrị asụsụ iri na abụọ. == Akụkọ ndụ == A mụrụ ya na Karmakol, obodo dị na Naịl dị nso na Al Dabbah, Sudan, na Northern Province of Sudan, <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2009/feb/20/obituary-tayeb-salih|work=The Guardian|first=Jamal|author=Mahjoub|title=Obituary: Tayeb Salih|date=20 February 2009}}</ref> ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Mahadum nke Khartoum na Bachelor of Science, tupu ọ gaa Mahadum London na United Kingdom. N'ịbụ onye sitere na obere ndị ọrụ ugbo na ndị nkuzi okpukpe, ebumnuche mbụ ya bụ ịrụ ọrụ ugbo. Otú ọ dị, ewezuga oge dị mkpirikpi dị ka onye nkụzi ụlọ akwụkwọ tupu ọ kwaga England, ọ rụrụ ọrụ na akwụkwọ akụkọ na ịkwalite mgbanwe ọdịbendị mba ụwa.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Al-Ṭayyib Ṣāliḥ {{!}} Sudanese writer|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/al-Tayyib-Salih|accessdate=2021-02-26|work=Encyclopedia Britannica|language=en}}</ref> Ruo ihe karịrị afọ iri, Salih dere kọlụm kwa izu maka akwụkwọ akụkọ asụsụ Arabic nke dị na London bụ ''al Majalla'', ebe ọ nyochara isiokwu dị iche iche. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ maka BBC's Arabic Service ma mesịa bụrụ onye isi nchịkwa nke Ministry of Information na Doha, [[Qatar]]. Afọ iri ikpeazụ nke ọrụ ya, ọ nọrọ n'isi ụlọ ọrụ UNESCO na Paris, ebe o nwere ọkwa dị iche iche ma bụrụ onye nnọchi anya UNESCO maka steeti Arab nke Persian Gulf.<ref name=":1" /> == Ọrụ edemede == Ihe odide Salih na-adọta mkpali dị mkpa site n'oge ntorobịa ya na obodo Sudan; ndụ gbadoro ụkwụ na ndị ime obodo na mmekọrịta ha dị mgbagwoju anya. "N'ọkwa dị iche iche na ọkwa dịgasị iche iche nke mmesi ike nke psychoanalytic, ọ na-ekwu banyere isiokwu nke eziokwu na echiche efu, ọdịiche omenala dị n'etiti West na Orient Exotic, nkwekọ na esemokwu nke òtù ụmụnna, na ọrụ nke onye ahụ ịchọta njikọ n'etiti ya ma ọ bụ ya. nkwugide ya."[1] Ọzọkwa, ebumnobi nke akwụkwọ ya sitere n'ahụmahụ okpukpe ya dị ka onye Alakụba na Sudan narị afọ nke 20, ma tupu ma mgbe ọchịchị gachara.[1] Ihe ọzọ, nke ka n'ozuzu ya na ederede Salih bụ ọgụ nke ndị Arab Muslim na ụwa ọdịda anyanwụ Europe. N'afọ 1966, Salih bipụtara akwụkwọ akụkọ ya Mawsim al-Hijrah ilâ al-Shimâl (Oge nke Migration to the North), nke a maara ya nke ọma. E bipụtara ya na mbụ na akwụkwọ akụkọ Beirut ''[[Hiwâr]]'' . Nchegbu bụ isi nke akwụkwọ akụkọ ahụ bụ mmetụta nke Ọchịchị ndị Britain na nke oge a na Europe n'ime ime obodo ndị Afrịka n'ozuzu, yana omenala na njirimara Sudan karịsịa. Akwụkwọ akụkọ ya gosipụtara esemokwu nke Sudan nke oge a ma gosipụta akụkọ ihe mere eme obi ọjọọ nke Ọchịchị ndị Europe dị ka onye na-akpụzi eziokwu nke ndị Sudan nke oge ahụ. Oge nke Migration to the North bụ akụkọ onye na-akọ akụkọ a na-akpọghị aha gwara ndị na-ege ntị, "nwoke gara njem" na onye Afrịka laghachiri mgbe ọ nọrọ ọtụtụ afọ na mba ọzọ. Ọ laghachiri n'obodo Sudan ya nke Wad Hamid na Naịl n'afọ ndị 1950 mgbe o dechara edemede PhD na 'ndụ nke onye na-ede uri Bekee a na-amaghị ama'. Mustafa Sa'eed, onye isi na-eme ihe nkiri nke akwụkwọ akụkọ ahụ, bụ nwa nke ọchịchị ndị Britain, na mkpụrụ nke agụmakwụkwọ nke ọchịchị ndị ọzọ. N'edemede ya "The New Novel in Sudan", nke e bipụtara na mbipụta akwụkwọ akụkọ Banipal nke spring 1966 na Sudanese Literature taa, onye edemede Sudan bụ Emad Blake kwuru na Salih "chere ihe ndị dị mkpa n'oge ya, dị ka esemokwu nke Eastern na Western Civilizations. yana iji obi ike were mmekọahụ na ụdị ederede anyị nwere ike ịkpọ 'dị mfe agaghị ekwe omume'.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Banipal (UK) Magazine of Modern Arab Literature - Back Issues - Banipal 55|url=https://www.banipal.co.uk/back_issues/issue.cfm?publication_id=93|accessdate=2021-12-03|work=www.banipal.co.uk}}</ref> Ụlọ akwụkwọ Arab Literary Academy nke Damaskọs kpọrọ ya otu n'ime akwụkwọ akụkọ kacha mma na Arabic nke narị afọ nke iri abụọ. Mgbe e bipụtara ya, amachibidoro ya n'obodo Salih nke Sudan ruo ọtụtụ afọ, n'ihi ọdịnaya mmekọahụ ya na n'agbanyeghị eziokwu ahụ bụ na o nwetara ya ịbụ onye a ma ama na mba ụwa. E megharịrị akwụkwọ akụkọ ahụ ka ọ bụrụ mmepụta ihe nkiri na Israel. ''Urs' al-Zayn'' (nke e bipụtara n'asụsụ Bekee dị ka The Wedding of Zein) bụ akwụkwọ akụkọ, nke e bipụtara na 1966, na-elekwasị anya na alụmdi na nwunye na-agaghị ekwe omume nke obodo ahụ bụ Zein. Ezigbo ma dị iche iche, na-enwe naanị ezé abụọ n'ọnụ ya, Zein emeela onwe ya aha dị ka nwoke na-ahụ ụmụ agbọghọ na-alụ ụmụ nwoke ndị ọzọ n'anya ugboro ugboro, - ruo n'ókè ebe ndị nne na-achọ ya na-enwe olileanya na ọ ga-adọta anya ndị na-achọ ụmụ ha nwanyị.<ref name="review">{{Cite web|url=http://www.bostonbibliophile.com/2010/08/review-wedding-of-zein-by-tayeb-salih.html|title=REVIEW: The Wedding of Zein, by Tayeb Salih|publisher=The Boston Bibliophile|date=2010-08-31|accessdate=2012-10-15}}</ref> "The Wedding of Zein" ghọrọ ihe nkiri na [[Libya]] ma merie onye na-eme ihe nkiri Kuwait bụ Khalid Siddiq ihe nrite na Cannes Film Festival na ngwụcha afọ 1970.   <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2013)">citation needed</span>]]''&#x5D;</sup> Na ntụgharị uche ya na ụdị edemede Salih, onye ntụgharị ya Denys Johnson-Davies dere na Salih "jiri afọ ojuju nke asụsụ agụmagụ na akụkọ ya wee jiri olumba obodo mara mma maka mkparịta ụka ya. [...] Ọrụ Tayeb Salih na-egosi. Ọgụgụ ya sara mbara n'ụzọ nke akwụkwọ Arabik, gụnyere uri, bụ nke nyere aka n'ịkwalite ụdị nke na-aga nke ọma na nke na-aga nke ọma, ụdị nke onye nkatọ Arab kọwara dị ka nso n'ihe odide dị egwu karịa nke akwụkwọ akụkọ. "<ref>{{Cite web|author=Lynx Qualey|first=Marcia|date=2014-07-14|title=Denys Johnson-Davies on How Tayeb Salih Got His Start|url=https://arablit.org/2014/07/14/denys-johnson-davies-on-how-tayeb-salih-got-his-start/|accessdate=2022-05-24|work=ARABLIT & ARABLIT QUARTERLY|language=en-US}}</ref> == Ihe nrite iji sọpụrụ Tayeb Salih == [[Usòrò:جائزة_الطيب_صالح_العالمية_للإبداع_الكتابي.jpg|thumb|Logo nke al-Tayeb Salih Award maka edemede okike]] N'afọ 1998, otu ìgwè ndị enyi Salih guzobere kọmitii iji sọpụrụ ya, ma nakọta $ 20,000 maka ojiji onwe ya. Ọ họọrọ iji ego ahụ guzobe Tayeb Salih Creative Writing Award . <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.akmcc.com/jjoomla/index.php/tayeb-salih-book-prize|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20130407162929/http://www.akmcc.com/jjoomla/index.php/tayeb-salih-book-prize|archivedate=2013-04-07|title=SKRyzzer Was Here|publisher=Akmcc.com|accessdate=2013-11-06}}</ref> Enyere ya kemgbe 2002, al-Tayeb Salih Prize for Literary Creativity bụ ihe nrite edemede maka akwụkwọ akụkọ Sudan, nke Abdel Karim Mirghani Cultural Center gosipụtara na Omdurman, ma rara ya nye akwụkwọ akụkọ mbụ site n'aka ndị edemede Sudan na-apụta. Kemgbe 2010, ihe nrite ọzọ a na-akpọ al-Tayeb Salih Award for Creative Writing, enyela ndị odee Arab ọgbara ọhụrụ pụtara ìhè n'ihe gbasara akwụkwọ akụkọ, obere akụkọ na ọmụmụ ihe dị egwu.[1] Ụlọ ọrụ mgbasa ozi Zain Sudan[2] kwadoro ihe nrite a ma ụfọdụ ndị nwere ọgụgụ isi Sudan hụkwara ya nke ọma, na-akpọ ya "mgbalị ịchịkwa ọnọdụ omenala Sudan" nke Ministry of Culture. == Akwụkwọ == * نخلة على الجدول [Nakhla 'ala al-jadwal] (1953). "A Day Palm by the Stream" * دومة ودد [Douma wad Hamid] (1960). "The Doum Tree of Wad Hamid", trans. Denys Johnson-Davies (1962) * شیعە تمر [Hafna tamar] (1964). "A Handful of Dates", trans. Denys Johnson-Davies (1966) <ref>[http://www.arabworldbooks.com/Readers2004/articles/handfulofdates.html "A handful of dates": English translation]</ref> * عرس الزين [''Urs al-Zayn''] (1966). ''Agbamakwụkwọ Zein'', trans. Denys Johnson-Davies (1968) * Edmund الهجرة إلى الشمال [''Mawsim al-Hijra ila ash-Shamal''] (1966). Oge nke ịkwaga n'ebe ugwu, trans. Denys Johnson-Davies (1969) * ضو Hub (بندر شاه) [''Dau al-Beit: Bandarshah''] (1971) * Al-Rajul al Qubrosi (1973, dezigharịrị 1976). "Nwoke Saịprọs", trans. Denys Johnson-Davies (1980) <ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wySWeOZh9xEC&pg=PA75|title=Arabic Short Stories|date=1994-12-22|publisher=University of California Press|isbn=978-0-520-08944-0|language=en}}</ref> * مریود (الجزء الثاني من بندر شاه) [''Meryoud: Akụkụ nke Abụọ nke Bandarshah''] (1976) * ''Ọrụ zuru ezu'' (1984) * منسي إنسان على খ খ খ খ" (2004, ncheta). ''Mansi: Nwoke Dị Iche N'Ụzọ Ya'', trans. Adil Babikir (2020) <ref>{{Cite web|author=Lynx Qualey|first=Marcia|date=2020-11-11|title=Adil Babikir on 'Mansi': A Rare Book, and a Joy to Translate|url=https://arablit.org/2020/11/11/adil-babikir-on-mansi-a-rare-book-and-a-joy-to-translate/|accessdate=2021-02-26|work=ArabLit & ArabLit Quarterly|language=en}}</ref> '''Nchịkọta n'asụsụ Bekee''' * Agbamakwụkwọ nke Zein na Akụkọ Ndị Ọzọ (1968). Trans. Denys Johnson-Davies Gụnyere: The Doum Tree of Wad Hamid, A Handful of Dates na The Wedding of Zein.''Agbamakwụkwọ Zein.'' * Oge nke Migration to the North / The Wedding of Zein (1980). Trans. Denys Johnson-Davies * ''Bandarshah'' (1996). Trans. Denys Johnson-Davies '''Isiokwu nke ụfọdụ isiokwu magazin ya, nke e bipụtara n'asụsụ Arabic:''' * Kpakpando ndị na-egbuke egbuke dị ka kpakpando nke ọkọlọtọ Arab na Frankish, 2005 * Maka obodo ukwu, pụrụ iche na ọgbara ọhụrụ - East - 2005 * ''Obodo nwere ihe pụrụ iche na nke oge a - West -'' 2005 * Na ụlọ ọrụ Al-Mutanabi na ndị enyi ya, 2005 * ''Na Janadriyah na Assilah,'' 2005 * ''Obodo m, Sudan,'' 2005 * ''Ihe ncheta nke oge'' 2005 * ''Echiche nke njem'' 2005 * ''Mmalite'' 2009 == Ọnwụ == Salih nwụrụ na 18 Februari 2009 na London. E liri ozu ya na 20 February na Sudan, ebe emume olili ozu ahụ bụ nke ọtụtụ ndị ama ama na ndị edemede Arab bịara, yana onye isi ala Sudan mgbe ahụ Omar Al-Bashir, onye edemede na onye bụbu praịm minista Sadiq Al Mahdi, na Muhammad Othman Al-Mirghani.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|author=Flood|first=Alison|date=2009-02-19|title=Sudanese novelist Tayeb Salih dies aged 80|url=http://www.theguardian.com/books/2009/feb/19/fiction-sudan|accessdate=2021-01-13|work=the Guardian|language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFFlood2009">Flood, Alison (19 February 2009). [http://www.theguardian.com/books/2009/feb/19/fiction-sudan "Sudanese novelist Tayeb Salih dies aged 80"]. ''the Guardian''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 January</span> 2021</span>.</cite></ref> == Ụtụ Isi == Na Julaị 12, 2017, Google Doodle mere emume ncheta ọmụmụ Tayeb Salih nke afọ iri asatọ na asatọ. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.google.com/doodles/tayeb-salihs-88th-birthday|title=Tayeb Salih's 88th Birthday|work=Google}}</ref> == Hụkwa == * Akwụkwọ Sudan * Ndepụta nke ndị edemede Sudan * Akwụkwọ Arabic nke oge a == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * [[Goodreads]].com/search?utf8=%E2%9C%93&q=Tayeb+Salih&search_type=books" id="mwAX8" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">Tayeb Salih na goodreads * "Gụọ Oge nke ịkwaga n'ebe ugwu nke Tayeb Sâlih", nke Salah Natij dere (n'asụsụ French) djzcwnwvl4a57lfvy243twivsj8s1s9 0 46844 644379 170366 2026-05-30T22:17:10Z Sayvhior 13464 /* Ndụ na ọrụ */ 644379 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Vernon Burwell''' (1916–1990) bụ onye ọkpụ America-Afrika mara maka ihe ọkpụkpụ simenti ya esere nke anụmanụ na ihe ndị mere eme dịka [[Abraham Lincoln]], Sojourner Truth, na [[Martin Luther King, Jr.|Martin Luther King Jr.]] <ref name=":0">{{Cite book|title=Self-Taught, outsider, and folk-art: A guide to American artists, locations, and resources|author=Selen|first=Betty-Carol|publisher=McFarland & Company Inc.|year=2000|pages=76–77, 88–89, 94–95, 144}}</ref> == Ndụ na ọrụ == A mụrụ Burwell na Eprel 28, 1916, na North Carolina n'ime ezinụlọ na-ekere òkè. <ref name=":1" /> Nne na nna ya nwụrụ mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na atọ ma ezinụlọ asaa ndị ọzọ na-arụ ọrụ ugbo lekọtara ya. <ref name=":2">{{Cite book|title=Signs and Wonders: Outsider Art Inside North Carolina|author=Steele|first=David|publisher=North Carolina Museum of Art|year=1989|pages=21}}</ref> Mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na isii, ọ banyere n’ọgbakọ Baptist Missionary, bụ́ ebe o mesịrị ghọọ dikọn. Mgbe ọ dị afọ 26, na 1942, ọ lụrụ ma malite ịrụ ọrụ maka ụgbọ okporo ígwè Atlantic Coast Line . Ebuliri ya ka ọ bụrụ onye ọrụ mekaniki ma rụzie ụgbọ ala mmanụ dizel maka oge ọrụ ya niile. <ref name=":2" /> Ya na nwunye ya zụrụ ụmụ ise, ụmụ nwanyị atọ na ụmụ nwoke abụọ, ọnụ na Rocky Mount. <ref name=":1" /> <ref name=":3">{{Cite book|title=Museum of Folk Art Encyclopedia of twentieth-century American Folk art and artists|author=Rosenak|first=Chuck and Jan|publisher=Abbeville Press, Inc.|year=1990|isbn=1-55859-041-2|location=New York|pages=65}}<cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFRosenak1990">Rosenak, Chuck and Jan (1990). ''Museum of Folk Art Encyclopedia of twentieth-century American Folk art and artists''. New York: Abbeville Press, Inc. p.&nbsp;65. [[ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Ọpụrụiche:Isi akwụkwọ/1-55859-041-2|<bdi>1-55859-041-2</bdi>]].</cite></ref> Mgbe afọ 33 nke ọrụ na ụlọ ọrụ ụgbọ oloko gasịrị, Burwell lara ezumike nká na 1975 na nkwarụ n'ihi mmebi anya anya metụtara ọrịa shuga . Ọ malitere ịrụ ciment ọkpụkpụ n'ime otu afọ ezumike nká. Mgbe mbụ ọ malitere ịkpụ ihe, ọ na-eji agba ụgbọ ala na-ese ihe oyiyi ya nke ọma. Ka ọhụhụ anya ya na-akawanye njọ, o ji agba ịgba ọla edo monochrome kpuchie ihe ọkpụkpụ ya. Ịwa ahụ cataract mechara mee ka ọhụụ ya dịghachi. <ref name=":2">{{Cite book|title=Signs and Wonders: Outsider Art Inside North Carolina|author=Steele|first=David|publisher=North Carolina Museum of Art|year=1989|pages=21}}<cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFSteele1989">Steele, David (1989). ''Signs and Wonders: Outsider Art Inside North Carolina''. North Carolina Museum of Art. p.&nbsp;21.</cite></ref> Ọ rụrụ ọrụ n'ime ebe a na-adọba ụgbọala ya na mpaghara Black Bottom nke Rocky Mount, North Carolina . === Isi mmalite nke mkpali === Ihe ngosi Burwell sitere na gburugburu ya dị nso, ihe ọhụrụ ndị Africa-America rụzuru na narị afọ nke 20, na anụmanụ ndị e chepụtara echepụta. O kwuru ụfọdụ isi mmalite nke mkpali dị ka "ndị dị iche iche - ndị enyi, ndị odide Akwụkwọ Nsọ, na ndị m na-ahụ na akwụkwọ akụkọ kwa ụbọchị." <ref name=":3">{{Cite book|title=Museum of Folk Art Encyclopedia of twentieth-century American Folk art and artists|author=Rosenak|first=Chuck and Jan|publisher=Abbeville Press, Inc.|year=1990|isbn=1-55859-041-2|location=New York|pages=65}}<cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFRosenak1990">Rosenak, Chuck and Jan (1990). ''Museum of Folk Art Encyclopedia of twentieth-century American Folk art and artists''. New York: Abbeville Press, Inc. p.&nbsp;65. [[ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Ọpụrụiche:Isi akwụkwọ/1-55859-041-2|<bdi>1-55859-041-2</bdi>]].</cite></ref> === Akụrụngwa na usoro === Burwell malitere site n'ịrụ ọkpụkpụ maka ihe ọkpụkpụ ya nke ejiri ihe ọla achọtara dị ka mkpanaka ígwè, ọkpọkọ, na akwa akwa. Mgbe ahụ, ọ ga-etinye kọnkịrị (ngwakọta lime, gravel, ájá, simenti, na mmiri) na ogwe aka ahụ, na-akpụ ihe oyiyi ahụ ka ọ na-aga. Burwell adịchaghị emezigharị elu ihe ọkpụkpụ ya. Kama, ọ hapụrụ ha na-esi ike ma na-ese n'elu ha na-enye agbakwunyere udidi elu. Ọ bụ ezie na ihe ka ọtụtụ n'ime ọrụ ya dị ihe na-erughị ụkwụ atọ n'ogologo, ọ dekọrọ na-eme otu ihe ọkpụkpụ ma ọ bụ abụọ nke ndụ. Burwell mere atụmatụ ime ihe dị ka 200 ihe n'oge ọrụ ya. <ref name=":3">{{Cite book|title=Museum of Folk Art Encyclopedia of twentieth-century American Folk art and artists|author=Rosenak|first=Chuck and Jan|publisher=Abbeville Press, Inc.|year=1990|isbn=1-55859-041-2|location=New York|pages=65}}</ref> == Ihe ngosi == E gosila ọrụ Burwell na ihe ngosi ndị a: * ''Ebe a na ebe ahụ: Njem, Nkebi 1: N'èzí Nghọta.'' 27 Ọktoba – 11 Disemba 1988, MoMA PS1, [[New York City|New York City, New York.]] <ref>{{Cite web|title=Vernon Burwell {{!}} MoMA|url=https://www.moma.org/artists/70545|work=The Museum of Modern Art|language=en}}</ref> * ''Ihe ịrịba ama na ihe ịtụnanya: Art Outsider Inside North Carolina.'' 1989, North Carolina Museum of Art, Raleigh, NC . <ref name=":1">{{Cite journal|author=Williams|first=Jonathan|year=2000|title=Le Garage Ravi de Rocky Mount: an Essay on Vernon Burwell|journal=Souls Grown Deep|volume=I|pages=122–125}}</ref> * ''Mmụọ: Nhọrọ site na mkpokọta Geoffrey Holder na Carmen De Lavallade'', 24 February - 5 May 1991, Katonah Museum of Art, Katonah, NY. * ''Ndị Africa-American Art Art: Site na mkpokọta Dr. A. Everett James'', 18 October - 31 December 1991, Van Vechten Gallery, Mahadum Fisk, Nashville, TN. * ''Akụkọ ihe mere eme ojii na nka: Ọrụ nke ndị na-ese ihe na ndị na-ese ihe na-akụzi onwe ha sitere na mkpokọta Blanchard-Hill.'' 5 Febụwarị – 4 Maachị 1993, Sidney Mishkin Gallery, kọleji Baruch, [[New York City|New York City, New York.]] * ''Ọhụụ Ọhụụ nke South America: Ndị nka na-akụzi onwe ha, 1940 ruo ugbu a.'' 23 Ọktoba – 30 Jenụwarị 1994, [[Ebe Ngosi Ihe Ochie nke New Orleans|New Orleans Museum of Art]], New Orleans, LA. * ''Art Outsider: Nchọgharị nke mkpokọta Chicago.'' 9 Disemba 1996 – 23 Febrụwarị 1997, Chicago Cultural Center, [[Chicago|Chicago, IL.]] * ''Ngọzi Ọlaedo nke Ịka nká'' na ''Si n'Ọnụ Ụmụ ọhụrụ'' . 10 October 2003 - 4 Septemba 2004, American Visionary Art Museum, Baltimore, MD. * ''Ebe obibi na ejiri aka mee II: Ụwa eke - Ọrụ ahọpụtara site na mkpokọta Huffman nke Southern Contemporary Folk na Outsider Art'', 18 Maachị - 1 October 2006, Hickory Museum of Art, Hickory, NC. * ''Nrịgo nke Abụọ: Ihe nketa nke Ndị Omenkà Africa America Kuziri Onwe Onye nke North Carolina,'' 12 Jenụarị – 22 Maachị 2008, Diggs Gallery, Winston-Salem State University . * ''Akụkọ America.'' 21 June – 30 Disemba 2009, John Michael Kohler Arts Center, Sheboygan, WI. * ''Ụzọ si ebe ahụ: Art nke Southern Backroads.'' 2 Maachị – 19 Mee 2019, High Museum of Art, Atlanta, GA. == Nchịkọta na-adịgide adịgide == Ọrụ Burwell dị na mkpokọta na-adịgide adịgide nke ụlọ ngosi ihe mgbe ochie ndị a: * St. James Place Folk Art Museum * Gregg Museum of Art and Design <ref>{{Cite web|title=Collections Object Detail {{!}} Gregg Museum of Art & Design|url=http://searchgreggcollection.arts.ncsu.edu/mDetail.aspx?rID=2015.006.111&db=objects&dir=GALLERY%20OF%20ART&osearch=burwell&list=res&rname=&rimage=&page=1|work=searchgreggcollection.arts.ncsu.edu}}</ref> * Ụlọ ihe ngosi nka dị elu <ref>{{Cite web|title=High Museum of Art Acquires 54 Works of Art from Souls Grown Deep Foundation {{!}} Souls Grown Deep|url=https://www.soulsgrowndeep.org/news/high-museum-art-acquires-54-works-art-souls-grown-deep-foundation|work=www.soulsgrowndeep.org}}</ref> * John Michael Kohler Arts Center * Ụlọ ihe ngosi nka Milwaukee <ref>{{Cite web|title=Untitled {{!}} Milwaukee Art Museum|url=http://collection.mam.org/details.php?id=29598|work=collection.mam.org}}</ref> == Ntụaka == ezumike nká na 1975 na nkwarụ n'ihi mmebi anya anya metụtara ọrịa shuga . Ọ malitere ịrụ ciment ọkpụkpụ n'ime otu afọ ezumike nká. Mgbe mbụ ọ malitere ịkpụ ihe, ọ na-eji agba ụgbọ ala na-ese ihe oyiyi{{Reflist}} e4fxm4acam4ks15jpkmjno6agq6peq5 644380 644379 2026-05-30T22:18:01Z Sayvhior 13464 /* Ndụ na ọrụ */ 644380 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Vernon Burwell''' (1916–1990) bụ onye ọkpụ America-Afrika mara maka ihe ọkpụkpụ simenti ya esere nke anụmanụ na ihe ndị mere eme dịka [[Abraham Lincoln]], Sojourner Truth, na [[Martin Luther King, Jr.|Martin Luther King Jr.]] <ref name=":0">{{Cite book|title=Self-Taught, outsider, and folk-art: A guide to American artists, locations, and resources|author=Selen|first=Betty-Carol|publisher=McFarland & Company Inc.|year=2000|pages=76–77, 88–89, 94–95, 144}}</ref> == Ndụ na ọrụ == A mụrụ Burwell na Eprel 28, 1916, na North Carolina n'ime ezinụlọ na-ekere òkè. <ref name=":1" /> Nne na nna ya nwụrụ mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na atọ ma ezinụlọ asaa ndị ọzọ na-arụ ọrụ ugbo lekọtara ya. <ref name=":2" /> Mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na isii, ọ banyere n’ọgbakọ Baptist Missionary, bụ́ ebe o mesịrị ghọọ dikọn. Mgbe ọ dị afọ 26, na 1942, ọ lụrụ ma malite ịrụ ọrụ maka ụgbọ okporo ígwè Atlantic Coast Line . Ebuliri ya ka ọ bụrụ onye ọrụ mekaniki ma rụzie ụgbọ ala mmanụ dizel maka oge ọrụ ya niile. <ref name=":2" /> Ya na nwunye ya zụrụ ụmụ ise, ụmụ nwanyị atọ na ụmụ nwoke abụọ, ọnụ na Rocky Mount. <ref name=":1" /> <ref name=":3">{{Cite book|title=Museum of Folk Art Encyclopedia of twentieth-century American Folk art and artists|author=Rosenak|first=Chuck and Jan|publisher=Abbeville Press, Inc.|year=1990|isbn=1-55859-041-2|location=New York|pages=65}}<cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFRosenak1990">Rosenak, Chuck and Jan (1990). ''Museum of Folk Art Encyclopedia of twentieth-century American Folk art and artists''. New York: Abbeville Press, Inc. p.&nbsp;65. [[ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Ọpụrụiche:Isi akwụkwọ/1-55859-041-2|<bdi>1-55859-041-2</bdi>]].</cite></ref> Mgbe afọ 33 nke ọrụ na ụlọ ọrụ ụgbọ oloko gasịrị, Burwell lara ezumike nká na 1975 na nkwarụ n'ihi mmebi anya anya metụtara ọrịa shuga . Ọ malitere ịrụ ciment ọkpụkpụ n'ime otu afọ ezumike nká. Mgbe mbụ ọ malitere ịkpụ ihe, ọ na-eji agba ụgbọ ala na-ese ihe oyiyi ya nke ọma. Ka ọhụhụ anya ya na-akawanye njọ, o ji agba ịgba ọla edo monochrome kpuchie ihe ọkpụkpụ ya. Ịwa ahụ cataract mechara mee ka ọhụụ ya dịghachi. <ref name=":2">{{Cite book|title=Signs and Wonders: Outsider Art Inside North Carolina|author=Steele|first=David|publisher=North Carolina Museum of Art|year=1989|pages=21}}<cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFSteele1989">Steele, David (1989). ''Signs and Wonders: Outsider Art Inside North Carolina''. North Carolina Museum of Art. p.&nbsp;21.</cite></ref> Ọ rụrụ ọrụ n'ime ebe a na-adọba ụgbọala ya na mpaghara Black Bottom nke Rocky Mount, North Carolina . === Isi mmalite nke mkpali === Ihe ngosi Burwell sitere na gburugburu ya dị nso, ihe ọhụrụ ndị Africa-America rụzuru na narị afọ nke 20, na anụmanụ ndị e chepụtara echepụta. O kwuru ụfọdụ isi mmalite nke mkpali dị ka "ndị dị iche iche - ndị enyi, ndị odide Akwụkwọ Nsọ, na ndị m na-ahụ na akwụkwọ akụkọ kwa ụbọchị." <ref name=":3">{{Cite book|title=Museum of Folk Art Encyclopedia of twentieth-century American Folk art and artists|author=Rosenak|first=Chuck and Jan|publisher=Abbeville Press, Inc.|year=1990|isbn=1-55859-041-2|location=New York|pages=65}}<cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFRosenak1990">Rosenak, Chuck and Jan (1990). ''Museum of Folk Art Encyclopedia of twentieth-century American Folk art and artists''. New York: Abbeville Press, Inc. p.&nbsp;65. [[ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Ọpụrụiche:Isi akwụkwọ/1-55859-041-2|<bdi>1-55859-041-2</bdi>]].</cite></ref> === Akụrụngwa na usoro === Burwell malitere site n'ịrụ ọkpụkpụ maka ihe ọkpụkpụ ya nke ejiri ihe ọla achọtara dị ka mkpanaka ígwè, ọkpọkọ, na akwa akwa. Mgbe ahụ, ọ ga-etinye kọnkịrị (ngwakọta lime, gravel, ájá, simenti, na mmiri) na ogwe aka ahụ, na-akpụ ihe oyiyi ahụ ka ọ na-aga. Burwell adịchaghị emezigharị elu ihe ọkpụkpụ ya. Kama, ọ hapụrụ ha na-esi ike ma na-ese n'elu ha na-enye agbakwunyere udidi elu. Ọ bụ ezie na ihe ka ọtụtụ n'ime ọrụ ya dị ihe na-erughị ụkwụ atọ n'ogologo, ọ dekọrọ na-eme otu ihe ọkpụkpụ ma ọ bụ abụọ nke ndụ. Burwell mere atụmatụ ime ihe dị ka 200 ihe n'oge ọrụ ya. <ref name=":3">{{Cite book|title=Museum of Folk Art Encyclopedia of twentieth-century American Folk art and artists|author=Rosenak|first=Chuck and Jan|publisher=Abbeville Press, Inc.|year=1990|isbn=1-55859-041-2|location=New York|pages=65}}</ref> == Ihe ngosi == E gosila ọrụ Burwell na ihe ngosi ndị a: * ''Ebe a na ebe ahụ: Njem, Nkebi 1: N'èzí Nghọta.'' 27 Ọktoba – 11 Disemba 1988, MoMA PS1, [[New York City|New York City, New York.]] <ref>{{Cite web|title=Vernon Burwell {{!}} MoMA|url=https://www.moma.org/artists/70545|work=The Museum of Modern Art|language=en}}</ref> * ''Ihe ịrịba ama na ihe ịtụnanya: Art Outsider Inside North Carolina.'' 1989, North Carolina Museum of Art, Raleigh, NC . <ref name=":1">{{Cite journal|author=Williams|first=Jonathan|year=2000|title=Le Garage Ravi de Rocky Mount: an Essay on Vernon Burwell|journal=Souls Grown Deep|volume=I|pages=122–125}}</ref> * ''Mmụọ: Nhọrọ site na mkpokọta Geoffrey Holder na Carmen De Lavallade'', 24 February - 5 May 1991, Katonah Museum of Art, Katonah, NY. * ''Ndị Africa-American Art Art: Site na mkpokọta Dr. A. Everett James'', 18 October - 31 December 1991, Van Vechten Gallery, Mahadum Fisk, Nashville, TN. * ''Akụkọ ihe mere eme ojii na nka: Ọrụ nke ndị na-ese ihe na ndị na-ese ihe na-akụzi onwe ha sitere na mkpokọta Blanchard-Hill.'' 5 Febụwarị – 4 Maachị 1993, Sidney Mishkin Gallery, kọleji Baruch, [[New York City|New York City, New York.]] * ''Ọhụụ Ọhụụ nke South America: Ndị nka na-akụzi onwe ha, 1940 ruo ugbu a.'' 23 Ọktoba – 30 Jenụwarị 1994, [[Ebe Ngosi Ihe Ochie nke New Orleans|New Orleans Museum of Art]], New Orleans, LA. * ''Art Outsider: Nchọgharị nke mkpokọta Chicago.'' 9 Disemba 1996 – 23 Febrụwarị 1997, Chicago Cultural Center, [[Chicago|Chicago, IL.]] * ''Ngọzi Ọlaedo nke Ịka nká'' na ''Si n'Ọnụ Ụmụ ọhụrụ'' . 10 October 2003 - 4 Septemba 2004, American Visionary Art Museum, Baltimore, MD. * ''Ebe obibi na ejiri aka mee II: Ụwa eke - Ọrụ ahọpụtara site na mkpokọta Huffman nke Southern Contemporary Folk na Outsider Art'', 18 Maachị - 1 October 2006, Hickory Museum of Art, Hickory, NC. * ''Nrịgo nke Abụọ: Ihe nketa nke Ndị Omenkà Africa America Kuziri Onwe Onye nke North Carolina,'' 12 Jenụarị – 22 Maachị 2008, Diggs Gallery, Winston-Salem State University . * ''Akụkọ America.'' 21 June – 30 Disemba 2009, John Michael Kohler Arts Center, Sheboygan, WI. * ''Ụzọ si ebe ahụ: Art nke Southern Backroads.'' 2 Maachị – 19 Mee 2019, High Museum of Art, Atlanta, GA. == Nchịkọta na-adịgide adịgide == Ọrụ Burwell dị na mkpokọta na-adịgide adịgide nke ụlọ ngosi ihe mgbe ochie ndị a: * St. James Place Folk Art Museum * Gregg Museum of Art and Design <ref>{{Cite web|title=Collections Object Detail {{!}} Gregg Museum of Art & Design|url=http://searchgreggcollection.arts.ncsu.edu/mDetail.aspx?rID=2015.006.111&db=objects&dir=GALLERY%20OF%20ART&osearch=burwell&list=res&rname=&rimage=&page=1|work=searchgreggcollection.arts.ncsu.edu}}</ref> * Ụlọ ihe ngosi nka dị elu <ref>{{Cite web|title=High Museum of Art Acquires 54 Works of Art from Souls Grown Deep Foundation {{!}} Souls Grown Deep|url=https://www.soulsgrowndeep.org/news/high-museum-art-acquires-54-works-art-souls-grown-deep-foundation|work=www.soulsgrowndeep.org}}</ref> * John Michael Kohler Arts Center * Ụlọ ihe ngosi nka Milwaukee <ref>{{Cite web|title=Untitled {{!}} Milwaukee Art Museum|url=http://collection.mam.org/details.php?id=29598|work=collection.mam.org}}</ref> == Ntụaka == ezumike nká na 1975 na nkwarụ n'ihi mmebi anya anya metụtara ọrịa shuga . Ọ malitere ịrụ ciment ọkpụkpụ n'ime otu afọ ezumike nká. Mgbe mbụ ọ malitere ịkpụ ihe, ọ na-eji agba ụgbọ ala na-ese ihe oyiyi{{Reflist}} fusjgk6rmuk9l49rmpml9jglh1rs5sb 644381 644380 2026-05-30T22:18:52Z Sayvhior 13464 /* Ndụ na ọrụ */ 644381 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Vernon Burwell''' (1916–1990) bụ onye ọkpụ America-Afrika mara maka ihe ọkpụkpụ simenti ya esere nke anụmanụ na ihe ndị mere eme dịka [[Abraham Lincoln]], Sojourner Truth, na [[Martin Luther King, Jr.|Martin Luther King Jr.]] <ref name=":0">{{Cite book|title=Self-Taught, outsider, and folk-art: A guide to American artists, locations, and resources|author=Selen|first=Betty-Carol|publisher=McFarland & Company Inc.|year=2000|pages=76–77, 88–89, 94–95, 144}}</ref> == Ndụ na ọrụ == A mụrụ Burwell na Eprel 28, 1916, na North Carolina n'ime ezinụlọ na-ekere òkè. <ref name=":1" /> Nne na nna ya nwụrụ mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na atọ ma ezinụlọ asaa ndị ọzọ na-arụ ọrụ ugbo lekọtara ya. <ref name=":2" /> Mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na isii, ọ banyere n’ọgbakọ Baptist Missionary, bụ́ ebe o mesịrị ghọọ dikọn. Mgbe ọ dị afọ 26, na 1942, ọ lụrụ ma malite ịrụ ọrụ maka ụgbọ okporo ígwè Atlantic Coast Line . Ebuliri ya ka ọ bụrụ onye ọrụ mekaniki ma rụzie ụgbọ ala mmanụ dizel maka oge ọrụ ya niile. <ref name=":2" /> Ya na nwunye ya zụrụ ụmụ ise, ụmụ nwanyị atọ na ụmụ nwoke abụọ, ọnụ na Rocky Mount. <ref name=":1" /> <ref name=":3" /> Mgbe afọ 33 nke ọrụ na ụlọ ọrụ ụgbọ oloko gasịrị, Burwell lara ezumike nká na 1975 na nkwarụ n'ihi mmebi anya anya metụtara ọrịa shuga . Ọ malitere ịrụ ciment ọkpụkpụ n'ime otu afọ ezumike nká. Mgbe mbụ ọ malitere ịkpụ ihe, ọ na-eji agba ụgbọ ala na-ese ihe oyiyi ya nke ọma. Ka ọhụhụ anya ya na-akawanye njọ, o ji agba ịgba ọla edo monochrome kpuchie ihe ọkpụkpụ ya. Ịwa ahụ cataract mechara mee ka ọhụụ ya dịghachi. <ref name=":2">{{Cite book|title=Signs and Wonders: Outsider Art Inside North Carolina|author=Steele|first=David|publisher=North Carolina Museum of Art|year=1989|pages=21}}<cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFSteele1989">Steele, David (1989). ''Signs and Wonders: Outsider Art Inside North Carolina''. North Carolina Museum of Art. p.&nbsp;21.</cite></ref> Ọ rụrụ ọrụ n'ime ebe a na-adọba ụgbọala ya na mpaghara Black Bottom nke Rocky Mount, North Carolina . === Isi mmalite nke mkpali === Ihe ngosi Burwell sitere na gburugburu ya dị nso, ihe ọhụrụ ndị Africa-America rụzuru na narị afọ nke 20, na anụmanụ ndị e chepụtara echepụta. O kwuru ụfọdụ isi mmalite nke mkpali dị ka "ndị dị iche iche - ndị enyi, ndị odide Akwụkwọ Nsọ, na ndị m na-ahụ na akwụkwọ akụkọ kwa ụbọchị." <ref name=":3">{{Cite book|title=Museum of Folk Art Encyclopedia of twentieth-century American Folk art and artists|author=Rosenak|first=Chuck and Jan|publisher=Abbeville Press, Inc.|year=1990|isbn=1-55859-041-2|location=New York|pages=65}}<cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFRosenak1990">Rosenak, Chuck and Jan (1990). ''Museum of Folk Art Encyclopedia of twentieth-century American Folk art and artists''. New York: Abbeville Press, Inc. p.&nbsp;65. [[ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Ọpụrụiche:Isi akwụkwọ/1-55859-041-2|<bdi>1-55859-041-2</bdi>]].</cite></ref> === Akụrụngwa na usoro === Burwell malitere site n'ịrụ ọkpụkpụ maka ihe ọkpụkpụ ya nke ejiri ihe ọla achọtara dị ka mkpanaka ígwè, ọkpọkọ, na akwa akwa. Mgbe ahụ, ọ ga-etinye kọnkịrị (ngwakọta lime, gravel, ájá, simenti, na mmiri) na ogwe aka ahụ, na-akpụ ihe oyiyi ahụ ka ọ na-aga. Burwell adịchaghị emezigharị elu ihe ọkpụkpụ ya. Kama, ọ hapụrụ ha na-esi ike ma na-ese n'elu ha na-enye agbakwunyere udidi elu. Ọ bụ ezie na ihe ka ọtụtụ n'ime ọrụ ya dị ihe na-erughị ụkwụ atọ n'ogologo, ọ dekọrọ na-eme otu ihe ọkpụkpụ ma ọ bụ abụọ nke ndụ. Burwell mere atụmatụ ime ihe dị ka 200 ihe n'oge ọrụ ya. <ref name=":3">{{Cite book|title=Museum of Folk Art Encyclopedia of twentieth-century American Folk art and artists|author=Rosenak|first=Chuck and Jan|publisher=Abbeville Press, Inc.|year=1990|isbn=1-55859-041-2|location=New York|pages=65}}</ref> == Ihe ngosi == E gosila ọrụ Burwell na ihe ngosi ndị a: * ''Ebe a na ebe ahụ: Njem, Nkebi 1: N'èzí Nghọta.'' 27 Ọktoba – 11 Disemba 1988, MoMA PS1, [[New York City|New York City, New York.]] <ref>{{Cite web|title=Vernon Burwell {{!}} MoMA|url=https://www.moma.org/artists/70545|work=The Museum of Modern Art|language=en}}</ref> * ''Ihe ịrịba ama na ihe ịtụnanya: Art Outsider Inside North Carolina.'' 1989, North Carolina Museum of Art, Raleigh, NC . <ref name=":1">{{Cite journal|author=Williams|first=Jonathan|year=2000|title=Le Garage Ravi de Rocky Mount: an Essay on Vernon Burwell|journal=Souls Grown Deep|volume=I|pages=122–125}}</ref> * ''Mmụọ: Nhọrọ site na mkpokọta Geoffrey Holder na Carmen De Lavallade'', 24 February - 5 May 1991, Katonah Museum of Art, Katonah, NY. * ''Ndị Africa-American Art Art: Site na mkpokọta Dr. A. Everett James'', 18 October - 31 December 1991, Van Vechten Gallery, Mahadum Fisk, Nashville, TN. * ''Akụkọ ihe mere eme ojii na nka: Ọrụ nke ndị na-ese ihe na ndị na-ese ihe na-akụzi onwe ha sitere na mkpokọta Blanchard-Hill.'' 5 Febụwarị – 4 Maachị 1993, Sidney Mishkin Gallery, kọleji Baruch, [[New York City|New York City, New York.]] * ''Ọhụụ Ọhụụ nke South America: Ndị nka na-akụzi onwe ha, 1940 ruo ugbu a.'' 23 Ọktoba – 30 Jenụwarị 1994, [[Ebe Ngosi Ihe Ochie nke New Orleans|New Orleans Museum of Art]], New Orleans, LA. * ''Art Outsider: Nchọgharị nke mkpokọta Chicago.'' 9 Disemba 1996 – 23 Febrụwarị 1997, Chicago Cultural Center, [[Chicago|Chicago, IL.]] * ''Ngọzi Ọlaedo nke Ịka nká'' na ''Si n'Ọnụ Ụmụ ọhụrụ'' . 10 October 2003 - 4 Septemba 2004, American Visionary Art Museum, Baltimore, MD. * ''Ebe obibi na ejiri aka mee II: Ụwa eke - Ọrụ ahọpụtara site na mkpokọta Huffman nke Southern Contemporary Folk na Outsider Art'', 18 Maachị - 1 October 2006, Hickory Museum of Art, Hickory, NC. * ''Nrịgo nke Abụọ: Ihe nketa nke Ndị Omenkà Africa America Kuziri Onwe Onye nke North Carolina,'' 12 Jenụarị – 22 Maachị 2008, Diggs Gallery, Winston-Salem State University . * ''Akụkọ America.'' 21 June – 30 Disemba 2009, John Michael Kohler Arts Center, Sheboygan, WI. * ''Ụzọ si ebe ahụ: Art nke Southern Backroads.'' 2 Maachị – 19 Mee 2019, High Museum of Art, Atlanta, GA. == Nchịkọta na-adịgide adịgide == Ọrụ Burwell dị na mkpokọta na-adịgide adịgide nke ụlọ ngosi ihe mgbe ochie ndị a: * St. James Place Folk Art Museum * Gregg Museum of Art and Design <ref>{{Cite web|title=Collections Object Detail {{!}} Gregg Museum of Art & Design|url=http://searchgreggcollection.arts.ncsu.edu/mDetail.aspx?rID=2015.006.111&db=objects&dir=GALLERY%20OF%20ART&osearch=burwell&list=res&rname=&rimage=&page=1|work=searchgreggcollection.arts.ncsu.edu}}</ref> * Ụlọ ihe ngosi nka dị elu <ref>{{Cite web|title=High Museum of Art Acquires 54 Works of Art from Souls Grown Deep Foundation {{!}} Souls Grown Deep|url=https://www.soulsgrowndeep.org/news/high-museum-art-acquires-54-works-art-souls-grown-deep-foundation|work=www.soulsgrowndeep.org}}</ref> * John Michael Kohler Arts Center * Ụlọ ihe ngosi nka Milwaukee <ref>{{Cite web|title=Untitled {{!}} Milwaukee Art Museum|url=http://collection.mam.org/details.php?id=29598|work=collection.mam.org}}</ref> == Ntụaka == ezumike nká na 1975 na nkwarụ n'ihi mmebi anya anya metụtara ọrịa shuga . Ọ malitere ịrụ ciment ọkpụkpụ n'ime otu afọ ezumike nká. Mgbe mbụ ọ malitere ịkpụ ihe, ọ na-eji agba ụgbọ ala na-ese ihe oyiyi{{Reflist}} b8a8p3xjpc79nrmhlh6t8zusax97z35 644382 644381 2026-05-30T22:19:43Z Sayvhior 13464 /* Isi mmalite nke mkpali */ 644382 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Vernon Burwell''' (1916–1990) bụ onye ọkpụ America-Afrika mara maka ihe ọkpụkpụ simenti ya esere nke anụmanụ na ihe ndị mere eme dịka [[Abraham Lincoln]], Sojourner Truth, na [[Martin Luther King, Jr.|Martin Luther King Jr.]] <ref name=":0">{{Cite book|title=Self-Taught, outsider, and folk-art: A guide to American artists, locations, and resources|author=Selen|first=Betty-Carol|publisher=McFarland & Company Inc.|year=2000|pages=76–77, 88–89, 94–95, 144}}</ref> == Ndụ na ọrụ == A mụrụ Burwell na Eprel 28, 1916, na North Carolina n'ime ezinụlọ na-ekere òkè. <ref name=":1" /> Nne na nna ya nwụrụ mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na atọ ma ezinụlọ asaa ndị ọzọ na-arụ ọrụ ugbo lekọtara ya. <ref name=":2" /> Mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na isii, ọ banyere n’ọgbakọ Baptist Missionary, bụ́ ebe o mesịrị ghọọ dikọn. Mgbe ọ dị afọ 26, na 1942, ọ lụrụ ma malite ịrụ ọrụ maka ụgbọ okporo ígwè Atlantic Coast Line . Ebuliri ya ka ọ bụrụ onye ọrụ mekaniki ma rụzie ụgbọ ala mmanụ dizel maka oge ọrụ ya niile. <ref name=":2" /> Ya na nwunye ya zụrụ ụmụ ise, ụmụ nwanyị atọ na ụmụ nwoke abụọ, ọnụ na Rocky Mount. <ref name=":1" /> <ref name=":3" /> Mgbe afọ 33 nke ọrụ na ụlọ ọrụ ụgbọ oloko gasịrị, Burwell lara ezumike nká na 1975 na nkwarụ n'ihi mmebi anya anya metụtara ọrịa shuga . Ọ malitere ịrụ ciment ọkpụkpụ n'ime otu afọ ezumike nká. Mgbe mbụ ọ malitere ịkpụ ihe, ọ na-eji agba ụgbọ ala na-ese ihe oyiyi ya nke ọma. Ka ọhụhụ anya ya na-akawanye njọ, o ji agba ịgba ọla edo monochrome kpuchie ihe ọkpụkpụ ya. Ịwa ahụ cataract mechara mee ka ọhụụ ya dịghachi. <ref name=":2">{{Cite book|title=Signs and Wonders: Outsider Art Inside North Carolina|author=Steele|first=David|publisher=North Carolina Museum of Art|year=1989|pages=21}}<cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFSteele1989">Steele, David (1989). ''Signs and Wonders: Outsider Art Inside North Carolina''. North Carolina Museum of Art. p.&nbsp;21.</cite></ref> Ọ rụrụ ọrụ n'ime ebe a na-adọba ụgbọala ya na mpaghara Black Bottom nke Rocky Mount, North Carolina . === Isi mmalite nke mkpali === Ihe ngosi Burwell sitere na gburugburu ya dị nso, ihe ọhụrụ ndị Africa-America rụzuru na narị afọ nke 20, na anụmanụ ndị e chepụtara echepụta. O kwuru ụfọdụ isi mmalite nke mkpali dị ka "ndị dị iche iche - ndị enyi, ndị odide Akwụkwọ Nsọ, na ndị m na-ahụ na akwụkwọ akụkọ kwa ụbọchị." <ref name=":3" /> === Akụrụngwa na usoro === Burwell malitere site n'ịrụ ọkpụkpụ maka ihe ọkpụkpụ ya nke ejiri ihe ọla achọtara dị ka mkpanaka ígwè, ọkpọkọ, na akwa akwa. Mgbe ahụ, ọ ga-etinye kọnkịrị (ngwakọta lime, gravel, ájá, simenti, na mmiri) na ogwe aka ahụ, na-akpụ ihe oyiyi ahụ ka ọ na-aga. Burwell adịchaghị emezigharị elu ihe ọkpụkpụ ya. Kama, ọ hapụrụ ha na-esi ike ma na-ese n'elu ha na-enye agbakwunyere udidi elu. Ọ bụ ezie na ihe ka ọtụtụ n'ime ọrụ ya dị ihe na-erughị ụkwụ atọ n'ogologo, ọ dekọrọ na-eme otu ihe ọkpụkpụ ma ọ bụ abụọ nke ndụ. Burwell mere atụmatụ ime ihe dị ka 200 ihe n'oge ọrụ ya. <ref name=":3">{{Cite book|title=Museum of Folk Art Encyclopedia of twentieth-century American Folk art and artists|author=Rosenak|first=Chuck and Jan|publisher=Abbeville Press, Inc.|year=1990|isbn=1-55859-041-2|location=New York|pages=65}}</ref> == Ihe ngosi == E gosila ọrụ Burwell na ihe ngosi ndị a: * ''Ebe a na ebe ahụ: Njem, Nkebi 1: N'èzí Nghọta.'' 27 Ọktoba – 11 Disemba 1988, MoMA PS1, [[New York City|New York City, New York.]] <ref>{{Cite web|title=Vernon Burwell {{!}} MoMA|url=https://www.moma.org/artists/70545|work=The Museum of Modern Art|language=en}}</ref> * ''Ihe ịrịba ama na ihe ịtụnanya: Art Outsider Inside North Carolina.'' 1989, North Carolina Museum of Art, Raleigh, NC . <ref name=":1">{{Cite journal|author=Williams|first=Jonathan|year=2000|title=Le Garage Ravi de Rocky Mount: an Essay on Vernon Burwell|journal=Souls Grown Deep|volume=I|pages=122–125}}</ref> * ''Mmụọ: Nhọrọ site na mkpokọta Geoffrey Holder na Carmen De Lavallade'', 24 February - 5 May 1991, Katonah Museum of Art, Katonah, NY. * ''Ndị Africa-American Art Art: Site na mkpokọta Dr. A. Everett James'', 18 October - 31 December 1991, Van Vechten Gallery, Mahadum Fisk, Nashville, TN. * ''Akụkọ ihe mere eme ojii na nka: Ọrụ nke ndị na-ese ihe na ndị na-ese ihe na-akụzi onwe ha sitere na mkpokọta Blanchard-Hill.'' 5 Febụwarị – 4 Maachị 1993, Sidney Mishkin Gallery, kọleji Baruch, [[New York City|New York City, New York.]] * ''Ọhụụ Ọhụụ nke South America: Ndị nka na-akụzi onwe ha, 1940 ruo ugbu a.'' 23 Ọktoba – 30 Jenụwarị 1994, [[Ebe Ngosi Ihe Ochie nke New Orleans|New Orleans Museum of Art]], New Orleans, LA. * ''Art Outsider: Nchọgharị nke mkpokọta Chicago.'' 9 Disemba 1996 – 23 Febrụwarị 1997, Chicago Cultural Center, [[Chicago|Chicago, IL.]] * ''Ngọzi Ọlaedo nke Ịka nká'' na ''Si n'Ọnụ Ụmụ ọhụrụ'' . 10 October 2003 - 4 Septemba 2004, American Visionary Art Museum, Baltimore, MD. * ''Ebe obibi na ejiri aka mee II: Ụwa eke - Ọrụ ahọpụtara site na mkpokọta Huffman nke Southern Contemporary Folk na Outsider Art'', 18 Maachị - 1 October 2006, Hickory Museum of Art, Hickory, NC. * ''Nrịgo nke Abụọ: Ihe nketa nke Ndị Omenkà Africa America Kuziri Onwe Onye nke North Carolina,'' 12 Jenụarị – 22 Maachị 2008, Diggs Gallery, Winston-Salem State University . * ''Akụkọ America.'' 21 June – 30 Disemba 2009, John Michael Kohler Arts Center, Sheboygan, WI. * ''Ụzọ si ebe ahụ: Art nke Southern Backroads.'' 2 Maachị – 19 Mee 2019, High Museum of Art, Atlanta, GA. == Nchịkọta na-adịgide adịgide == Ọrụ Burwell dị na mkpokọta na-adịgide adịgide nke ụlọ ngosi ihe mgbe ochie ndị a: * St. James Place Folk Art Museum * Gregg Museum of Art and Design <ref>{{Cite web|title=Collections Object Detail {{!}} Gregg Museum of Art & Design|url=http://searchgreggcollection.arts.ncsu.edu/mDetail.aspx?rID=2015.006.111&db=objects&dir=GALLERY%20OF%20ART&osearch=burwell&list=res&rname=&rimage=&page=1|work=searchgreggcollection.arts.ncsu.edu}}</ref> * Ụlọ ihe ngosi nka dị elu <ref>{{Cite web|title=High Museum of Art Acquires 54 Works of Art from Souls Grown Deep Foundation {{!}} Souls Grown Deep|url=https://www.soulsgrowndeep.org/news/high-museum-art-acquires-54-works-art-souls-grown-deep-foundation|work=www.soulsgrowndeep.org}}</ref> * John Michael Kohler Arts Center * Ụlọ ihe ngosi nka Milwaukee <ref>{{Cite web|title=Untitled {{!}} Milwaukee Art Museum|url=http://collection.mam.org/details.php?id=29598|work=collection.mam.org}}</ref> == Ntụaka == ezumike nká na 1975 na nkwarụ n'ihi mmebi anya anya metụtara ọrịa shuga . Ọ malitere ịrụ ciment ọkpụkpụ n'ime otu afọ ezumike nká. Mgbe mbụ ọ malitere ịkpụ ihe, ọ na-eji agba ụgbọ ala na-ese ihe oyiyi{{Reflist}} mc99dpxzrpixk2pb84ji9ua8v3ijhgw 0 46852 644317 170377 2026-05-30T21:10:46Z Geraldine Kene 23189 Fixed reference error 644317 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=Yvonne Andersen|image=|alt=|caption=|birth_name=|birth_date={{Birth date and age|1932|09|07}}|birth_place=[[Long Beach, California]]|death_date=<!-- {{Death date and age|YYYY|MM|DD|YYYY|MM|DD}} Death date then birth -->|death_place=|other_names=|occupation=Filmmaker, teacher, author|years_active=|spouse=|partner=|website=<!-- {{URL|www.example.com}} -->}} Yvonne Andersen (amuru ya na September 7, 1932) bu onye America na-eme ihe nkiri, odee na onye nkuzi.  A mara ya nke ọma maka imekọ ihe omumu ihe omumu odo ya na di ya, Dominic Falcone.  Ihe omumu ihe omumu nke odo odo bu ulo akwukwo ma umuaka ma ndi okenye ka ha muta maka ihe ngosi. <ref name=":0" /> <ref name=":1" /> Andersen na di ya ego fim ndị ụmụ akwụkwọ ha kere.  Na-esochi ọzụzụ edo edo, Andersen kuziri na Rhode Island School of Design. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=http://www.afana.org/andersenyvonne.htm|title=Yvonne Andersen|work=www.afana.org|accessdate=2018-02-12}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.awn.com/mag/issue1.12/AWNMag1.12.pdf|title=Children & Animation|work=Animation World Magazine}}</ref> Andersen bụ onye kwere ekwe siri ike na ikike ikike.  O kwuru na ụgbọ ga-ihe ihe ọhụrụ ubi ha, ya mere ọ dị mkpa ịgba ha ume na mmerụ ha.  [1] Amy Kravitz, onye bụbu nwa akwụkwọ Andersen, kwuru, sị: "Mgbe m bụ nwata na klas ya, otu n'ime ihe kacha mkpa Yvonne mere bụ iji m hụ ihe. O ji anyị niile hụrụ ihe." == Ọrụ == Andersen gbara ihe nkiri animated ya na ihe nkiri 16 mm wee jiri "pixillation, cutouts, and puppet animation" [1] na ha.  Achọpụtala ihe nkiri ya dị ka ndị nwere "ihe ngosi ihe siri ike na nhazi uri."  [1] Ọ bụ ebe na Andersen n'onwe ya kere ọtụtụ ihe nkiri, ọtụtụ ọrụ ya ndị ozi ndị ọzọ gbasara ihe nkiri, yana àmà na-egosi ihe nkiri ha.  [2] [3] Nyocha nke akwụkwọ ya ririwo ha dị ka ihe dị mma maka ndị ma nwee echiche na echiche bara uru na-eme ihe nkiri na-akpali akpali akpali. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.smithsonianeducation.org/educators/lesson_plans/museum_idea_78/ATZ_TheMuseumIdea_December1978.pdf|title=The Museum Idea|author=O'Toole|first=Dennis|date=December 1978|work=Smithsonian Education}}</ref> <ref name=":3">{{Cite web|url=https://repository.upenn.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1058&context=svc|title=Review Essay: Children's Filmmaking|author=Sutton-Smith|first=Brian|date=December 1, 1977|work=University of Pennsylvania – Penn Libraries}}</ref> === Ụlọ ihe nkiri Sun === <ref name=":2" />Emepụtara Sun Gallery na Provincetown, Massachusetts site n'aka Andersen na di ya na 1955 na-esote njikọ Andersen.  [1] Ihe ngosi a na-egosi n'oge akụ ma bụrụ ndị na-eto eto na ndị na-ese ihe na-egosi na-egosi ọrụ ha.  na-ese ihe na-egosi ọrụ ha na Sun Gallery ndị eze " Red Grooms, Lester Johnson, Robert na Mary Frank, Vera Williams, Tony Vevers, na Alex Katz ."  [2] Ndị dike ihe ngosi ahụ sitere na 1955 ruo 1959, n'oge a kwalitere ihe dị ka ndị na-ese ihe 100 === Ụlọ ọrụ bọọlụ edo edo === Ihe omumu ihe omumu nke odo odo bu ebe kachasi umuaka (n'akpaghi naanabatara afo nile) imata maka usoro ime ihe onyonyo nke gunyere ihe eji ekiri ihe nkiri nke ha.  Iji mmetụta, ime mmetụta na ụzọ, na ime-iche echiche ndị ahụ so na nka a kuziri n'ibu ọrụ a.  [1] Andersen na-enwekarị ihe nka maka ụmụ ya iji mee ihe, ọ gbakwara ha ume ime ndị enyi ha ka ha jiri ha mee ihe.  Nke a mere ka mgbaàmà na-ahụ mgbe nile n'iche Andersen, mgbe ụfọdụ mgbe ụmụ ya na-ama ebe ahụ, iji ihe ndị a nka.  [2] Otu n'ime ihe ngosi ngosi n'imepụta ihe nkiri, nke mere ka ha mee ihe nkiri ahụ abụọ na-eji ihe ngosi ha nwere.  N'oge na-adịghị anya mgbe nke ahụ mma, otu n'ime ahụ kere edemede nke ga-abụ nkiri ihe mbụ e nke nke Yellow Ball Workshop, The Amazing Colossal Man .  otu ahụ rụkọrọ ọrụ ọnụ ihe nkiri ahụ, nke a wee bụrụ bụrụ ihe ndabere maka ihe ndị na-abụ Yellow Ball bụ na 1963. [3] [4] N'agbata 1963 na 1980, ọrụ na-ahụ Maka ọnwụ Yellow Ball rụpụtara.  ihe nkiri ihe nkiri iri na abụọ.  [3] Ihe omume animation na Rhode Island School of Design ikike nss site na Mgbakọ ụgha Yellow Ball, na Andersen ga-aga n'ihu na-azụ n'akwụkwọ a. <ref name=":1">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LrcK0qh_KJgC&q=yvonne&pg=PR3|title=Animation in the Home Digital Studio: Creation to Distribution|author=Subotnick|first=Steven|date=2003|publisher=Taylor & Francis|isbn=9780240804743|language=en}}<cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFSubotnick2003">Subotnick, Steven (2003). [https://books.google.com/books?id=LrcK0qh_KJgC&q=yvonne&pg=PR3 ''Animation in the Home Digital Studio: Creation to Distribution'']. Taylor & Francis. [[ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/9780240804743|<bdi>9780240804743</bdi>]].</cite></ref> === Ụlọ akwụkwọ nke Rhode Island === Abịakwutere Andersen maka onye ọrụ na Rhode Island School of Design na 1979. Ọ na-arụ ọrụ nwa oge maka afọ 5 tupu ya aghọọ onye nkuzi oge niile, ọ ihe ngosi "ihe ngosi enweghị, ihe na-eme ihe nkiri iche."  [1] Mgbe e ịhụnanya, ọ mgbatị afọ 9 dị ka onye isi nke Ngalaba Ihe nkiri na Video.  Andersen ọrụ na ụlọ akwụkwọ a maka afọ 23 tupu ọ laa ezumike nka na 2002 <ref name=":2">{{Cite web|url=https://www.awn.com/mag/issue1.12/articles/jacksonandersen1.12.html|title=Yvonne Anderson: Profile of a Pioneer|work=www.awn.com|accessdate=2018-02-12}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://www.awn.com/mag/issue1.12/articles/jacksonandersen1.12.html "Yvonne Anderson: Profile of a Pioneer"]. ''www.awn.com''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 12,</span> 2018</span>.</cite></ref> <ref name=":0" /> == Ihe nkiri == {| class="wikitable sortable" |+ !Afọ ! Aha ! Ọrụ ! Ihe ndetu |- | 1962 | ''Ụlọ akwa akwa'' | Onye nduzi | |- | 1962 | ''Otu nkịta na-ekpo ọkụ na mọstad'' | Onye nduzi | |- | 1963 | ''Spaghetti Nsogbu'' | Onye isi oche | Onye isi oche Red Grooms |- | 1964 | ''Nwoke ahụ dị egwu'' | Onye nrụpụta | Ndị ụmụ akwụkwọ Andersen mere |- | 1966 | ''Ụkwụ mara abụba'' | Onye na-ese ihe nkiri | Red Grooms duziri ya |- | 1969 | ''Mew, Mew'' | Onye na-ese ihe nkiri | Red Grooms duziri ya |- | 1970 | ''Ka anyị mee ihe nkiri'' | Onye nduzi | |- | 1977 | ''Ahụrụ m ihu iwe ha'' | Onye nduzi | |- | 1994 | ''Anyị Ga-adị Ndụ Ebighị Ebi'' | Onye nduzi | |} == Akwụkwọ == ''Ịkụzi ihe nkiri animation nye ụmụaka'' (1970), Van Nostrand Reinhold == Ntụaka == <references /> [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] puy90wmydwpdbwih8z8rtpnnofzznhi 0 46990 644035 170617 2026-05-30T14:07:41Z Iwuala chisom 17246 Fixed reference errors 644035 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Sue Willie Seltzer''' (1922–2010) bụ onye omenkà America. Ejikọtara ya na mkpokọta [[Quilts of Gee's Bend|Gee's Bend]] quilting. <ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oULezQjE5hwC|title=Gee's Bend: The Architecture of the Quilt|author=Arnett|first=William|date=2006|publisher=Tinwood Books|isbn=9780971910478|language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=o57mBjxyVHEC|title=Gee's Bend: The Women and Their Quilts|author=Beardsley|first=John|date=2002|publisher=Tinwood Books|isbn=9780971910409|language=en}}</ref> E gosipụtara ọrụ ya na Museum of Fine Arts, Houston na National Gallery of Art, ma tinye ya na nchịkọta nke New York Metropolitan Museum of Art na Philadelphia Museum of Art . <ref name=":0"/> <ref>{{Cite web|title=Nine-Block Housetop quilt, Sue Willie Seltzer|url=https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/654079|accessdate=2022-09-24|work=www.metmuseum.org}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.artandobject.com/news/philadelphia-museum-art-expands-african-american-art-collection|title=Philadelphia Museum of Art Expands African American Art Collection|work=Art & Object|language=en|accessdate=2019-04-21}}</ref> == Ndụ == Sue Willie Seltzer na ụmụnne ya atọ bụ otu nne na-azụ ụmụ. Nne ya chọrọ ụmụaka ka ha nyere aka na-elekọta ezinụlọ, ya mere ụmụaka na-agakarị Orrville iburu owu maka ezinụlọ ndị ọcha ma ọ bụ ụmụnne nne ha. Seltzer na nwanne ya nwoke, ebe ọ bụ ndị okenye, ka achọrọ ka ha na-atụtụ opekata mpe otu narị paụnd owu kwa ụbọchị. N'ịbụ na Orrville dị kilomita iri na abụọ site na njem, ma ọ bụ ije ọkara otu ụbọchị, ọrụ a ga-adị mkpa ka arụchaa ngwa ngwa. <ref name=":0"/> Seltzer nwere opekata mpe otu nwa nwoke, Benjamin, onye lụrụ onye bụbu Boykin Postmaster, Bettie Bendolph Seltzer. <ref name=":0"/> [[Bettie Bendolph Seltzer]] bụkwa onye so na mkpokọta Gee's Bend quilting na ada nke onye mebere akwa mkpuchi Annie Bendolph . <ref>{{Cite book|author=Beardsley|first=John|title=Gee's Bend: The Women and Their Quilts|publisher=Tinwood Books|year=2002|isbn=9780971910409|pages=227}}</ref> == Ọrụ == Seltzer malitere ịla ezumike nká na ndụ karịa ụfọdụ ndị ọzọ so na mkpokọta Gee's Bend quilting. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Sue Willie Seltzer {{!}} Souls Grown Deep|url=https://www.soulsgrowndeep.org/artist/sue-willie-seltzer|accessdate=2022-09-24|work=www.soulsgrowndeep.org}}</ref> N'ajụjụ ọnụ 2002, ọ chetara ịmalite ịbanye na mkpokọta mgbe ọ dị afọ iri atọ ma ọ bụ iri anọ. <ref>{{Cite book|author=Beardsley|first=John|title=Gee's Bend: The Women and Their Quilts|publisher=Tinwood Books|year=2002|isbn=9780971910409|pages=414}}</ref> Ọ mụtara site n'ikiri ka ndị ọgbọ ya na-ejikọta ọnụ na-emere ibe ha ihe mkpuchi. Ezigbo onye na-ese ihe na-emeziwanye ihe, Seltzer na-agbaziri ihe mgbochi ndị ọzọ, iji kewaa ọnụ n'otu akwa. Ọ ga-ewepụtakwa ihe ndị e ji akwa ákwà ohiri isi ma jiri ihe ndị ahụ na-eme ihe ndị ahụ. Ọ masịrị nnukwu blọk na nkwuwa okwu dị iche n'obere obere iberibe. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=http://www.soulsgrowndeep.org/artist/sue-willie-seltzer|title=Sue Willie Seltzer {{!}} Souls Grown Deep Foundation|work=www.soulsgrowndeep.org|accessdate=2019-04-21}}</ref> == Ihe ngosi == * ''Ihe mkpuchi nke Gee's Bend'' . 21 Nov. 2022-9 Maachị 2003. Ụlọ ihe ngosi nka nke Whitney nke American Art . New York, NY. <ref>{{Cite web|title=The Quilts of Gee's Bend|url=https://whitney.org/exhibitions/quilts-of-gees-bend|accessdate=2022-09-24|work=whitney.org|language=en}}</ref> * ''Ihe mkpuchi nke Gee's Bend'' . Ọnwa Isii 14 2003-31 Ọgọst 2003. Mobile Museum of Art . Mobile, AL. * ''Akpọrọ ka Mepụta: Ndị nka ojii nke South America.'' 18 Septemba 2022-26 Maachị 2023. Ụlọ ihe ngosi nka nke mba . Washington, DC. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Called to Create: Black Artists of the American South|url=https://www.nga.gov/exhibitions/2022/called-to-create.html|accessdate=2022-09-24|work=www.nga.gov}}</ref> == Ntụaka == ọnụ 2002, ọ chetara ịmalite ịbanye na mkpokọta mgbe ọ dị afọ iri atọ ma ọ bụ iri anọ. Ọ mụtara si{{Reflist}} 3hujf3b1sdd3p0ql5jqbmw4rym9r2aq 0 47190 644572 641904 2026-05-31T08:01:47Z Iwuala chisom 17246 Added {{DEFAULTSORT}} 644572 wikitext text/x-wiki   Ellen Berkenblit (amuru 1958) bu onye ihe osise America.  [1][2][3][4][5] Amụrụ ya na Paterson, New Jersey wee gụchaa na Cooper Union na 1980. [1] Ọ natara onyinye nka na akwụkwọ ozi sitere na American Academy of Arts and Letters na 2013  , [1] na gba Guggenheim n'afọ na-esote.  [1] O meela ihe ngosi na Anton Kern Gallery.  [1][2][3] Ndị nwe ihe ngosi nka nke Brooklyn nwere ihe atụ nke ọrụ ya {{R|bm}} == Ntụaka == {{Reflist|refs=<ref name=aal>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160817122439/http://www.artsandletters.org/awards2_popup.php?abbrev=Academy%20Art Arts and Letters Awards in Art]. American Academy of Arts and Letters. Archived 17 August 2016.</ref> <ref name=ac>{{cite web|title=Doing the Loop-de-Loop: The latest surprise from Ellen Berkenblit / artcritical|url=http://www.artcritical.com/2012/03/26/ellen-berkenblit/|accessdate=29 September 2014|archivedate=2 April 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402220456/http://www.artcritical.com/2012/03/26/ellen-berkenblit/}}</ref> <ref name=aia>{{cite web|last=Asfour|first=Nana|title=ELLEN BERKENBLIT|url=http://www.artinamericamagazine.com/reviews/ellen-berkenblit/|publisher=Art in America|accessdate=18 May 2012}}</ref> <ref name=am>{{cite journal|last=Nicksin|first=Carole|title=Ellen Berkenblit|journal=Artillery Magazine|date=September–October 2010|volume=5|issue=1|page=48}}</ref> <ref name=bm>{{cite web|title=Brooklyn Museum: Ellen Berkenblit|url=http://www.brooklynmuseum.org/opencollection/artists/16627/Ellen_Berkenblit|website=www.brooklynmuseum.org|accessdate=29 September 2014}}</ref> <ref name=frieze>{{cite web|title=Frieze Magazine - Archive - Ellen Berkenblit |url=http://www.frieze.com/issue/review/ellen_berkenblit/ |website=www.frieze.com |accessdate=29 September 2014 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402131246/http://www.frieze.com/issue/review/ellen_berkenblit/ |archivedate=2 April 2015 }}</ref> <ref name=frieze2>{{cite web|last=Gratza |first=Agnieszka |title=Ellen Berkenblit |url=http://www.frieze.com/issue/review/ellen-berkenblit/ |publisher=Frieze Art Magazine |accessdate=18 July 2013 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402122122/http://www.frieze.com/issue/review/ellen-berkenblit/ |archivedate=2 April 2015 }}</ref> <ref name=gugg>[https://web.archive.org/web/20140413142442/http://www.gf.org/fellows/17539-ellen-berkenblit Ellen Berkenblit]. John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation. Archived 13 April 2014.</ref> <ref name=kern>{{cite book|last=Dunham|first=Carroll|title=Ellen Berkenblit: Paintings 2011-2014|year=2014|publisher=Anton Kern Gallery|location=New York|isbn=978-0-9833622-8-9}}</ref> <ref name=nyt>{{cite news|first1=Roberta|last1=Smith|title=Art In Review; Ellen Berkenblit|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2000/07/14/arts/art-in-review-ellen-berkenblit.html|newspaper=The New York Times|date=14 July 2000|issn=0362-4331|accessdate=29 September 2014}}</ref>}}{{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Berkenblit, Ellen}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] qbaanzwrnhbz4pmlkoqfotdkh2xym4n 0 47221 644136 541594 2026-05-30T17:33:26Z Goodymeraj 16207 644136 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Usòrò:HeadShotNorman copy.jpg|thumb|HeadShotNorman copy.]] '''Elizabeth Bradford''' bụ onye omenkà America bi na Davidson, North Carolina, nke a kacha mara amara maka nnukwu ihe ọrụ nke ikpe.  Egosipụtala ọrụ ya n'ebe niile na ndị na-azụ ndị United States ma na-anakọta ya na ụlọ ihe ngosi mgbe ochie na mkpokọta, ma nkeonwe yana ụlọ ọrụ, n'ofe mba ahụ. == Akụkọ ndụ == Mgbọrọgwụ Bradford's North Carolina laghachiri na mmalite 1700s; Ọ bụ nna nna ya zụtara ugbo ọ bi na 1890. [1] N'ịbụ onye tolitere n'ime ime obodo North Carolina, Elizabeth Bradford na-ekwu na mgbe ọ bụ nwata, ọ na-adị ya ka "a kpọchiri ya", [2] mana na n'ịme nka, ọ nwetara nnwere onwe pụọ na njikwa. [3] Mgbe ọ nọ na mahadum na Mahadum North Carolina, Chapel Hill, ọ gara njem na ọzara Sahara nke metụtara ekele ya maka ịdị ukwuu nke n'èzí. Ihe osise ya, bụ ndị na-egosi odida obodo, bụ ụzọ isi gbajie ya. <ref name=":0">{{Cite news|url=https://www.charlotteobserver.com/entertainment/arts-culture/article110678022.html|title="This Charlotte artist, who felt 'caged' as a kid, is now renowned for wild landscapes."|author=Bolling|first=Cristina|date=October 26, 2016|work=The Charlotte Observer|accessdate=September 6, 2019}}</ref> Ọ ụmụ nwoke atọ n'ugbo nna nna ya na Mecklenburg County, NC.  Eziniche ya na ndị na-eme ihe mere eme na-agụkarị nke ọma na ndị ya, ụfọdụ ndị 366 na-eme The Painted Journal, [1] ihe ndị e ji ebi nke ịma aka ụbọchị 49th ya ike kwa ụbọchị maka otu afọ n'  'ime oge 1999. -2000.  [1] Ihe omume ndị a jụrụ ihe osise sitere na ɔdɔ mmiri lili nke nna ya mere n'àkwá a chị agwa n'ọkụkọ ya nwoke nwoke. <ref name=":5">{{Cite book|title=The Painted Journal|author=Bradford|first=Elizabeth|publisher=Wachovia|year=2006|pages=6, 12, 14}}</ref> == Ọrụ == Ụbọchị Bradford, nke na-ahụ nnukwu ala ndị a na-ese na agba na-egosi, na-e-achọsi "dị egwu na nke iche" dị ka onye nkatọ na onye na-ahụ maka nkà bụ Carla Hanzal si kwuo.                     ugboro ya site na "katidral n'ezie" nke ndụ n'ụdị, [1] na-abanye n'ime nhọrọ na mgbochi mba, ịga njem ma ọ bụ kayaking, isiokwu maka ụzọ ya.  [2] Ọ na-akpọ ọrụ ya "ọdịdị mbara ala dị adị" ma kwuo hoo haa ihe ndị na-ekiri ya: "Ọ bụ gbasara ndụ mmadụ na ihe ọ dị ka ibi n'ụwa."  [3] Osisi na osisi osisi, okwute na osimiri, nwanne nke ọma na ụzọ ya.  [4] Akwa akwa ya na-esetịpụ ala ndị sitere na ugwu North Carolina ruo Everglades, Cumberland Island na Georgia, na ebe mba ụwa dị ka Gris na France, ebe ọ mgbasala oge n'ama ndị na-ese ihe.  [5] Lee Carol Giduz, onye isi oche nke Blowing Rock Art na History Museum na-ekwusi ike na mkpali dị ike nke okike dị na ọrụ Bradford: "Ọkụkụ obi ike ya na palette na- አስቀድሞ na-eme ka osisi na-  eto na mmiri na-ahọpụta." <ref name=":6">{{Cite book|title=Time+Terrain|author=Bradford|first=Elizabeth|publisher=Blowing Rock Art & History Museum|year=2016|isbn=978-0692729007|location=Blowing Rock, NC|pages=5, 12, 19, 79}}</ref> Bradford kwetara mmetụta nke ndị na-ese ihe dị ka Neil Welliver na Herb Jackson na nchụso ya imepụta nka, [1] yana onye ama ama [[Vincent van Gogh|Vincent Van Gogh]]. [2] Mmetụta ndị ọzọ gụnyere ụkpụrụ na ihe ndozi nke 1970s, ndị na-ese ihe na narị afọ nke 19, na ndị na-ese ihe nke Abstract Expressionism . [3] Ọ malitere ọrụ nka ya na-eji pensụl ndị nwere agba na-ese ihe na mpempe akwụkwọ tupu ọ gaa n'ihu na-ese ihe na gouache . Ọ na-eji acrylic ugbu a na akwa akwa na osisi. <ref name=":3">{{Cite web|url=http://www.charlotteviewpoint.org/article/3634/Elizabeth-Bradford|title=Time + Terrain: Bradford Finds Muse in NC Roots|work=www.charlotteviewpoint.org|accessdate=2019-09-06}}</ref> == Gburugburu == [[Usòrò:BradfordWiki2.jpg|alt=nature painting of spiderwebs|thumb| Overhanging Limb, South Mountain]] Isiokwu ugboro ugboro na ọrụ Bradford gụnyere mbara nke okike, [1] ngosipụta nke oge, [2] ịma mma na ụkpụrụ na ụwa okike na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nke gburugburu ebe obibi. [1] N'otu oge ahụ, eserese ya na-elekwasị anya na nuances nke agba. N'okwu mmeghe nke akwụkwọ akụkọ The Painted , [3] Nina Serebrennikov, onye ọkọ akụkọ ihe mere eme na Davidson College, na-emesi "Bradford nghọta miri emi banyere nuances nke agba [site na] mkpụrụ nke nnwale ugboro ugboro yana ịmụ banyere ndị isi agba agba nke oge gara aga ( p. 2). == Ihe ngosi == * 2021, ihe ngosi Solo, "Ụlọ nke otu ọnụ ụlọ", Cameron Art Museum, Wilmington, NC <ref>{{Cite web|author=Staton|first=John|title=N.C. painter Elizabeth Bradford highlights Bald Head Island, more at Cameron Art Museum|url=https://www.starnewsonline.com/story/entertainment/2021/03/20/cameron-art-museum-show-painter-elizabeth-bradford-explores-nature/4669265001/|accessdate=2022-01-05|work=Wilmington Star-News|language=en-US}}</ref> * 2021, ihe ngosi Solo, "Ọrụ Ọhụrụ", Hidell Brooks Gallery, Charlotte, NC * 2019 “Arboreal”, Moss Art Center, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA <ref name=":2">{{Cite web|url=https://www.vtnews.vt.edu/content/vtnews_vt_edu/en/articles/2019/01/mac-arboreal.html|title=In 'Arboreal,' artists explore the power, imagery, and symbolic resonance of one of the Earth's most critical life forms|work=www.vtnews.vt.edu|language=en|accessdate=2019-09-06}}</ref> * 2019 "Elizabeth Bradford: Oge + Terrain", Franklin G Burroughts- Simeon B Chapin Art Museum, Myrtle Beach, SC <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://myrtlebeachartmuseum.org/art-exhibitions/elizabeth-bradford-time-terrain/|title=Elizabeth Bradford {{!}} Time + Terrain -|work=myrtlebeachartmuseum.org|language=en-US|accessdate=2019-09-06}}</ref> * 2019 "Ihe ndụ anụ ọhịa hapụrụ", ihe ọ bụla n'ebe ọ bụla Incorporated, Brooklyn, NY * Ihe ngosi Solo 2018, “Entanglements”, The Mahler Fine Art, Raleigh, NC Elizabeth Bradford <ref name=":4">{{Cite web|url=https://www.downtownraleigh.org/do/entanglements-new-works-by-elizabeth-bradford|title="Entanglements" New works by Elizabeth Bradford{{!}} Downtown Raleigh, NC|work=www.downtownraleigh.org|accessdate=2019-09-06}}</ref> * 2018 Solo ngosi, "New Work", The Umstead, Raleigh, NC * Ihe ngosi Solo 2016 “Elizabeth Bradford: Oge + Terrain”, Na-akụ Nkume Art na History Museum, Blowing Rock, NC, nke Carla Hanzal chepụtara <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://mountainx.com/blogwire/elizabeth-bradford-time-terrain-at-the-blowing-rock-art-history-museum/|title=Mountain Xpress|work=Mountain Xpress|language=en-US|accessdate=2019-09-06}}</ref> * Ihe ngosi 2016 Solo "Nkwụsi ike nke Eden", Hood College, Frederick, MD * 2015 "Nweghachi Nature: Art na Sustainability", Weatherspoon Art Museum, Mahadum North Carolina na Greensboro, NC * 2014 "Ọhụụ nke oge opupu ihe ubi", Les Yeux du Monde, Charlottesville, VA <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.c-ville.com/les-yeux-du-monde-welcomes-color-in-visions-of-spring/|title=Les Yeux du Monde welcomes color in 'Visions of Spring'|date=2014-03-25|work=C-VILLE Weekly|language=en|accessdate=2019-09-06|archivedate=2015-09-05|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150905210015/http://www.c-ville.com/les-yeux-du-monde-welcomes-color-in-visions-of-spring/}}</ref> * Ihe ngosi Solo 2010, "Ihe ụbọchị ahụ wetara", Waterworks Visual Arts Center, Salisbury, NC * Ihe ngosi Solo 2010, “Afọ nke Silence na Blooming”, Christa Faut Gallery, Cornelius, NC * Ihe ngosi Solo nke 2008, "Radius Mile Abụọ", Christa Faut Gallery * 2006 "The Southern Landscape", Duke University Law School Gallery, Duke University, Durham, NC * 2006 “The Southern Landscape” akwụkwọ ịkpọ òkù, Lee Hansley Gallery, Raleigh, NC. * Ihe ngosi Solo 2006, “Ọrụ na-adịbeghị anya”, Osisi Christa Faut * Ihe ngosi Solo 2004, “Nrọ na ihe atụ”, ihe ngosi Christa Faut * Ihe ngosi Solo 2002, "Mmiri, Ụwa, Eluigwe", Christa Faut Gallery * Ihe ngosi Solo 2002, Cleveland Springs Fine Art, Shelby, NC * Ihe ngosi Solo nke 2000, “Narị Atọ na ụbọchị iri isii na isii”, ihe ngosi Christa Faut * Ihe ngosi Solo nke 1998, “Ọrụ Ọhụrụ”, Osisi Christa Faut * Ihe ngosi 1996 Solo, “Ọrụ Nwanyị”, Christa Faut Gallery * Ihe ngosi 1995 Solo,” Ihe osise na Mbipụta”, Mahadum North Carolina na Charlotte, Cone Center Gallery, Charlotte, NC * Ihe ngosi Solo 1994, “Blues Poetry”, Christa Faut Gallery * Ihe ngosi Solo nke 1992, “Okpomọkụ”, Osisi Christa Faut * Ihe ngosi Solo nke 1990, “Ebe a”, Osisi Christa Faut * 1986 “North Carolina Artists” òkù, Hickory Museum of Art, Hickory, NC * Ihe ngosi Solo nke 1981, ihe ngosi nka nke Davidson College * Ihe ngosi 1981 Solo, Hodges Taylor Gallery, Charlotte, NC * 1979 Springs Mills Open Exhibition, Njem njem, Juror: Marcia Tucker, Spartanburg, SC == Nchịkọta == * [https://cameronartmuseum.org Cameron Art Museum, Wilmington, NC] <ref>{{Cite web|author=Whitaker|first=Cheryl M.|title=Cameron Art Museum acquires new work by North Carolina artist|url=https://www.starnewsonline.com/story/lifestyle/2021/08/03/works-artist-elizabeth-bradford-acquired-cameron-art-museum/5399276001/|accessdate=2022-01-05|work=Wilmington Star-News|language=en-US}}</ref> * Mahadum nke Virginia Cancer Center, Charlottesville, VA * Weatherspoon Art Museum, Mahadum North Carolina na Greensboro * Ụlọ ihe ngosi nka Mint, Charlotte, NC * Nkume Art na History Museum, Blowing Rock, NC * Ụlọ ihe ngosi nka nke Hickory, Hickory, NC * Onye isi ala, Madame President [[Ellen Johnson Sirleaf]], [[Liberia]] * Kenan Center, Mahadum North Carolina na Chapel Hill * Davidson College, Davidson, NC * Akwụkwọ akụkọ Southern Living, Southern Progress Corporation, Birmingham, ALA * Bank of America, Charlotte, NC * Ụlọ ọrụ Trammell Crow, Charlotte, NC * Alaka Banking and Trust, Charlotte, NC * Electrolux, Concord, NC * Ndị Pines, Davidson, NC * Obodo Fearrington Inn, Pittsboro, NC * Central Carolina Bank, Durham, NC * RIHT Mortgage, Charlotte, NC * Brooks, Pierce, Raleigh, NC * UNC Rex NC Obi na Vascular Hospital, Raleigh, NC * NC State Bar, Raleigh, NC == Nkwanye ugwu, na ihe nrite == * 2017 ArtPop, klas nke 2018 <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://clclt.com/charlotte/exclusive-introducing-artpop-charlottes-class-of-2018/Content?oid=7448094|title=EXCLUSIVE: Introducing ArtPop Charlotte's Class of 2018|author=Roberts|first=Ryan Pitkin, Tate|work=Creative Loafing Charlotte|language=en|accessdate=2019-09-06}}</ref> * 2008 Telly Award, maka "Akwụkwọ akụkọ a na-esere" * 2006 Onye Omenkà egosipụtara, Nzukọ Ụmụ nwanyị North Carolina, Charlotte, NC * 1996 Ahọpụtara maka Art Department of US State Department na Mmemme Embassies == Ebe obibi == * 2022 Virginia Center for Creative Arts, Amherst, VA * 2017 Moulin à Nef, VCCA-France, Auvillar, France <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.vcca.com/guest-blog-elizabeth-bradford-in-auvillar/|title=Guest Blog: Elizabeth Bradford in *Auvillar|date=2017-04-18|work=VCCA|accessdate=2019-09-06}}</ref> * 2014 Skopart, Skopelos Foundation for Arts, Skopelos, Greece * 2013 Virginia Center for Creative Arts, Amherst, VA * Ụlọ akwụkwọ 2011 nke Ụlọ Ọrụ Art, Ụlọ Akwụkwọ Onye Nkụzi nke Oge Ọdịnihu, Chicago, IL == Mbipụta == Akwụkwọ abụọ gosipụtara ọrụ Bradford: * 2006 ''The Painted Journal,'' Wachovia Corporation,  * 2016 ''Elizabeth Bradford: Oge + Terrain,'' Blowing Rock Art & History Museum,  == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * Official website * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f6SBmILv1H8 Bradford talks about her painting and process: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f6SBmILv1H8] {{DEFAULTSORT:Bradford, Elizabeth}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 7j4m9hn2lixljrrxz0nfes0oyzkq980 0 47345 643976 171357 2026-05-30T12:45:56Z Chiziqa 13055 Fixed reference error 643976 wikitext text/x-wiki  {{Databox}} '''US Grant Tayes''' (October 26, 1885—June 15, 1972), bụ onye America na-ese ihe na onye na-ese mmiri, na-arụ ọrụ na Missouri site na 1930 ruo 1950. <ref name="MissouriRemembers" /> Ihe osise ya gbadoro ụkwụ na idekọ obodo ojii ya na Missouri. Ọ bụ onye na-ese ihe na-ahụ anya kụziiri onwe ya, bụ onye rite uru na ndụmọdụ ọkachamara na ndụ ya. Tayes rụkwara ọrụ dị ka onye nkụzi, onye na-akpụ isi na onye na-ede akwụkwọ akụkọ. Aha ndị ọzọ ejiri mee ihe gụnyere '''Ulysses S. Grant Tayes''', '''Ulysses Grant Tayes''', na '''Ulysses Tayes''' . == Ọrụ == Site na 1929 ruo 1935, Tayes biri na St. Louis. <ref name="MissouriRemembers">{{Cite web|author=Knuteson|first=John|date=2021|title=U.S. Grant Tayes|url=https://missouriartists.org/person/morem126/|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240222020656/https://missouriartists.org/person/morem126/|archivedate=2024-02-22|accessdate=2023-12-26|work=Missouri Remembers|publisher=The Kansas City Art Institute, The Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art, The St. Louis Public Library|language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFKnuteson2021">Knuteson, John (2021). [https://web.archive.org/web/20240222020656/https://missouriartists.org/person/morem126/ "U.S. Grant Tayes"]. ''Missouri Remembers''. St. Louis, MO: The Kansas City Art Institute, The Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art, The St. Louis Public Library. Archived from [https://missouriartists.org/person/morem126/ the original] on 2024-02-22<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-12-26</span></span>.</cite></ref> "Tayes Art Museum" bụ aha nkịtị nke ya na St. Louis barbershop na 122 North Third Street; ọ ga-egosipụta ihe osise ya n'ebe ahụ. <ref name="MissouriRemembers" /> <ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vbEQAQAAIAAJ&q=%22U.S.+Grant+Tayes%22|title=Negro Artists: An Illustrated Review of Their Achievements|date=1935|publisher=Harmon Foundation Incorporated|others=[[Harmon Foundation]]|pages=57|language=en}}</ref> Ọ bụ onye otu St. Louis Society of Independent Artists. <ref name="MissouriRemembers" /> Tayes bụkwa onye na-egwu egwu ma mee n'ụlọ ọrụ redio St. Louis dị na mpaghara na 1930s; <ref name="MissouriRemembers" /> ma bụrụ onye odeakụkọ wee dee maka ''St. Louis Argus'' na 1930s. <ref name="MissouriRemembers" /> Mgbe ọ bi na St. Louis, ndị na-ese ihe [[Frederick C. Alston]] na Edmund H. Wuerpel nyere ya ndụmọdụ. <ref name="MissouriRemembers" /> Ọ kwagara na Jefferson City, Missouri na 1935, ma nọrọ ebe ahụ ruo 1950. <ref name="MissouriRemembers">{{Cite web|author=Knuteson|first=John|date=2021|title=U.S. Grant Tayes|url=https://missouriartists.org/person/morem126/|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240222020656/https://missouriartists.org/person/morem126/|archivedate=2024-02-22|accessdate=2023-12-26|work=Missouri Remembers|publisher=The Kansas City Art Institute, The Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art, The St. Louis Public Library|language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFKnuteson2021">Knuteson, John (2021). [https://web.archive.org/web/20240222020656/https://missouriartists.org/person/morem126/ "U.S. Grant Tayes"]. ''Missouri Remembers''. St. Louis, MO: The Kansas City Art Institute, The Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art, The St. Louis Public Library. Archived from [https://missouriartists.org/person/morem126/ the original] on 2024-02-22<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-12-26</span></span>.</cite></ref> Tayes rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye na-akpụ isi n'ụlọ ya na 528 Lafayette Street na Jefferson City; n'ime mpaghara azụmahịa nke agbataobi Africa America (n'oge nkewa agbụrụ) akpọrọ "Ụkwụ". <ref name=":0">{{Cite book|author=Brooks|first=Michelle|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tShaEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA58|title=Lost Jefferson City|date=February 2022|publisher=Arcadia Publishing|isbn=978-1-4671-5035-4|pages=58|language=en}}</ref> <ref name="Clark">{{Cite web|author=Clark|first=Lauren|date=2015-05-31|title=Archaeological pieces of African-American neighborhood unearthed|url=https://www.newstribune.com/news/2015/may/31/archaeological-pieces-african-american-neighborhoo/|accessdate=2023-12-26|work=[[Jefferson City News-Tribune]]|language=en}}</ref> Mpaghara ya "Ụkwụ" na-abụkarị isiokwu nke ihe osise ya, na ọrụ ndị dị ka ''Barber Shop'' (1947), na ''Bar Scene'' . <ref name="MissouriRemembers" /> Onye agbata obi ya bụ onye ọchụnta ego, Duke Diggs. <ref name=":0" /> <ref name="Clark" /> "Ụkwụ" agbata obi nke Jefferson City adịghịzi adị, mana a gwupụtara ya n'oge ngbanwe nke Lafayette Street na 2015. <ref name="Clark" /> Tayes nwụrụ na June 15, 1972 na Jefferson City. <ref name="MissouriRemembers">{{Cite web|author=Knuteson|first=John|date=2021|title=U.S. Grant Tayes|url=https://missouriartists.org/person/morem126/|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240222020656/https://missouriartists.org/person/morem126/|archivedate=2024-02-22|accessdate=2023-12-26|work=Missouri Remembers|publisher=The Kansas City Art Institute, The Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art, The St. Louis Public Library|language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFKnuteson2021">Knuteson, John (2021). [https://web.archive.org/web/20240222020656/https://missouriartists.org/person/morem126/ "U.S. Grant Tayes"]. ''Missouri Remembers''. St. Louis, MO: The Kansas City Art Institute, The Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art, The St. Louis Public Library. Archived from [https://missouriartists.org/person/morem126/ the original] on 2024-02-22<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-12-26</span></span>.</cite></ref> == Ihe ngosi == * 1929, "Ngosipụta nke Ọrụ nke Negro Artists" otu ngosi nke Urban League of St. Louis, St. Louis Public Library, St. Louis, Missouri <ref name="MissouriRemembers">{{Cite web|author=Knuteson|first=John|date=2021|title=U.S. Grant Tayes|url=https://missouriartists.org/person/morem126/|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240222020656/https://missouriartists.org/person/morem126/|archivedate=2024-02-22|accessdate=2023-12-26|work=Missouri Remembers|publisher=The Kansas City Art Institute, The Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art, The St. Louis Public Library|language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFKnuteson2021">Knuteson, John (2021). [https://web.archive.org/web/20240222020656/https://missouriartists.org/person/morem126/ "U.S. Grant Tayes"]. ''Missouri Remembers''. St. Louis, MO: The Kansas City Art Institute, The Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art, The St. Louis Public Library. Archived from [https://missouriartists.org/person/morem126/ the original] on 2024-02-22<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-12-26</span></span>.</cite></ref> * 1930, "Ihe ngosi nke Fine Arts nke American Negro Artists" ihe ngosi otu nke Harmon Foundation * 1932, "St. Louis Post-Dispatch Black and White ngosi" nke St. Louis Artists' Guild, St. Louis Post-Dispatch, St. Louis, Missouri <ref name="MissouriRemembers" /> * 1933, "Ihe ngosi 1933 nke Ọrụ Negro Artists", ihe ngosi otu nke Harmon Foundation na Art Center, New York City, New York <ref>{{Cite book|url=https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/857075|title=Exhibition of Work by Negro Artists|publisher=Harmon Foundation|year=1933|location=New York City, New York}}</ref> * 1933, "Ihe ngosi nka nke afọ nke ise maka ndị nka Negro", ihe ngosi otu, St. Louis Public Library, St. Louis, Missouri; Onye meriri ihe nrite mbụ <ref>{{Cite news|date=1933-06-30|title=Prize Winners In Art Exhibition Announced|url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/st-louis-globe-democrat/44170590/|accessdate=2024-02-22|work=St. Louis Globe-Democrat|pages=7}}</ref> * 1939, "15th Annual Art Exhibition of Negro Artists in Oil and Water Colors", otu ngosi, St. Louis Urban Art League, St. Louis Art Museum, St. Louis, Missouri <ref>{{Cite news|author=Jackson|first=Helen S.|date=1939-12-08|title=Here And There|url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-st-louis-argus-here-and-there/141814351/|accessdate=2024-02-22|work=[[The St. Louis Argus]]|pages=3}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|date=1939-12-03|title=Urban League Sponsors Oil and Water Color Exhibit|url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/st-louis-post-dispatch/44125889/|accessdate=2024-02-22|work=St. Louis Post-Dispatch|pages=18}}</ref> * 1944, "Ihe ngosi nke eserese, ihe osise na mbipụta nke Negro Artists", ihe ngosi otu nke Mahadum Atlanta (nke bụ Mahadum Clark Atlanta ugbu a), Atlanta, Georgia * 1945, "Ihe ngosi nke eserese, ihe ọkpụkpụ na mbipụta nke Negro Artists", ihe ngosi otu nke Mahadum Atlanta (nke bụ Mahadum Clark Atlanta ugbu a), Atlanta, Georgia <ref name="MissouriRemembers" /> * 2019, "Nhọrọ sitere na mkpokọta Melvin Holmes nke ihe ngosi nka nke African American", ihe ngosi otu nke Melvin Holmes Collection of African American Art, Tyler Fine Art <ref name="MissouriRemembers" /> == Ntụaka == Independent Artists. Tayes bụkwa onye na-egwu egwu ma mee n'ụlọ ọrụ redio St. Louis dị na mpaghara na 1930s; ma bụrụ onye odeakụkọ wee dee maka St. Louis Argus na{{Reflist}} == Ọgụgụ ọzọ == * {{Cite book|others=Lincoln University (Jefferson City, Mo.)|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9czfOh8Fh_0C|title=Collegian: Lincoln University|date=1930|publisher=Lincoln University|language=en}} 2wlzl86pcl93jihp8h7nvl06eegsq26 0 47377 644458 171410 2026-05-31T03:35:31Z Wikipedian12512 61424 ce 644458 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Usòrò:Adams-Feather.jpg|thumb|350x350px| Feather Street, Suffield, Connecticut]] Willis Seaver Adams (1844–1921) bụ onye na-ese ihe nkiri nke akwụkwọ n'okpuru James Abbott McNeill Whistler.  Ọ akwụkwọ akwụkwọ na Royal Academy of Fine Arts na Antwerp, Belgium ma ọ bụrụ na ụgwọ nke ihe Tonalism, nke mere na njedebe ikpeazụ nke 19. == Akụkọ ndụ == === Ndụ mbido === A muru Willis Seaver Adams na Suffield, Connecticut, na 1844. Nna ya bụ Stephen Lorenzo Adams, nke a dị ka Pole Adams;  nne ya bụ Susan Adams.  Nna ya bụ onye ọrụ ugbo ma na-arụ ụlọ oriri na-eme n'ime ụlọ dị n'ụdị àkwà mmirika Enfield na Suffield Covered n'ịkpọka Connecticut .  N'oge Willis bụ nwata, nna ya nwara ime ya onye ọrụ ugbo na onye isi ụlọ akwụkwọ ma daa n'ihi nrọ Willis na-etinye aka na nkà.  Site na 1857 ruo 1862 Adams gara ụlọ akwụkwọ akwụkwọ Connecticut, nke a na-akpọ ugbu a dị ka Suffield Academy .  Mgbe Adams nọ n'akwụkwọ akwụkwọ ahụ n'akwụkwọ ya na anụmanụ anụmanụ na ndị gbara ya gburugburu. Mgbe ọ na-arụ ọrụ n'ahụ ọgwụ na Springfield, otu egwuregwu Springfield bara ihe aha ya bụ Dr. Holmes akwụkwọ Adams na nkuzi ka ọ gaa Royal Academy na Antwerp na 1868, mana Adams manyere nyere na Springfield mgbe onye nkwado ya anwụọ.  n'oge na-akpa anya. === Ọrụ nka === [[Usòrò:Adams-Bavaria.jpg|áká_èkpè|thumb|285x285px| Ututu na Bavaria]] Willis Seaver Adams gara Cleveland, Ohio, maka ezumike izu nke abụọ gbadara n'ime ebe obibi abụọ (1876–78) ebe ọ zutere ụfọdụ ndị ọzọ na-eto eto, ndị nka na-azụ, Otto Henry Bacher na Sion L.  Wenban.  Ọ bụ onye otu Cleveland Art Club na Cleveland Academy of Fine Arts.  O sekwara ihe osise nke iche mgbe ahụ na onye isi ala Rutherford B. Hayes mechara .  N'oge ya na Cleveland, Adams zeere ịweta ụlọ ụlọ ọrụ na ndị ya ma ọ bụ ihe nkiri na-egosi ọgbara ọhụrụ nke ndụ ncheta afọ nke 19, nke dugara n'echiche nke okike;  ọ nnukwukwara n'ihe ime ime. Na 1878, Adams gara Europe na Otto Bacher wee otu n'ime "Duveneck Boys," otu ndị na-eto eto nke America na-amụ ihe na Frank Duveneck .  [1] Ya na James Abbott McNeill Whistler bụ enyi na Venice, Italy. Mgbe o si na Europe lọta, Adams nhụjuanya dị ogologo na James D. Gill, bụ onye gallery Adams na-amakarị.  Adams mechara biri na Ndagwurugwu Connecticut River wee tinye awụ ya n'oge ikpeazụ maka obere akụkụ yana odida obodo nke ihe nkiri Ndagwurugwu Connecticut River.  Okirikiri ala ndị a na- anọ ụgbọ Whistler.  Adams na- palette palette mbelata ma na-ezere echere nke ejide ikuku na ọnọdụ. == Ihe nketa == Ihe osise Adams nwere ike dị taa na Suffield Academy, Kent Memorial Library na Suffield, The Wadsworth Atheneum, Ugwu Holyoke College na Smith College .  Na 1966, Deerfield Academy ihe ngosi ngosi anya == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * [http://www.suffield-library.org/localhistory/adams.htm Kent Memorial Library: '''Willis Seaver Adams''' ibe weebụ] d7pktax37av5u4cnp1dbfn92nmlp680 0 47450 644427 171591 2026-05-30T23:42:42Z Iwuala chisom 17246 Fixed reference errors 644427 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} {| class="infobox biography vcard" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-above" |<div class="fn">Suzanne Jackson</div> |- class="mw-file-element" data-file-height="2707" data-file-type="bitmap" data-file-width="1970" decoding="async" height="302" resource="./File:Suzanne_Jackson_at_Wormsloe_2018_(cropped).JPG" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Suzanne_Jackson_at_Wormsloe_2018_%28cropped%29.JPG/220px-Suzanne_Jackson_at_Wormsloe_2018_%28cropped%29.JPG" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Suzanne_Jackson_at_Wormsloe_2018_%28cropped%29.JPG/330px-Suzanne_Jackson_at_Wormsloe_2018_%28cropped%29.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Suzanne_Jackson_at_Wormsloe_2018_%28cropped%29.JPG/440px-Suzanne_Jackson_at_Wormsloe_2018_%28cropped%29.JPG 2x" width="220" | colspan="2" class="infobox-image" |[[File:Suzanne_Jackson_at_Wormsloe_2018_(cropped).JPG|frameless]]</img><div class="infobox-caption"> Suzanne Jackson na saịtị akụkọ ihe mere eme Wormsloe, Savannah, Georgia 2018</div> |- class="infobox-label" scope="row" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" | Amụrụ | class="infobox-data" | <span style="display:none">( <span class="bday">1944-01-30</span> )</span> Ọnwa Mbụ 30, 1944 <span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow">(afọ&nbsp;80)</span><br /><br /><br /><br /><nowiki></br></nowiki><div class="birthplace" style="display:inline"> [[St. Louis]], [[Missouri]], Njikota Obodo Amerika</div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" | Ndị ọzọ&nbsp;aha | class="infobox-data nickname" | Suzanne Fizallen Jackson, Suzanne Jackson Odùsolú <ref name=":5"/> ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" | Agụmakwụkwọ | class="infobox-data" | [[San Francisco State University]] ( [[Bachelor of Arts|BA]] ),<br /><br /><br /><br /><nowiki></br></nowiki> [[Yale University|Mahadum Yale]] ( [[Master of Fine Arts|MFA]] ) |} '''Suzanne Jackson''' (amụrụ 1944) <ref name=":4"/>{{Cite web|author=Gerwin|first=Daniel|date=2019|title=Suzanne Jackson at O-Town House|url=https://www.artforum.com/picks/suzanne-jackson-78755|accessdate=2019-04-01|work=Artforum.com|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref name=":5">{{Cite web|title=Jackson, Suzanne (American painter, mixed-media artist, born 1944)|url=http://vocab.getty.edu/page/ulan/500336333|work=Union List of Artist Names Online|publisher=The J. Paul Getty Trust}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[http://vocab.getty.edu/page/ulan/500336333 "Jackson, Suzanne (American painter, mixed-media artist, born 1944)"]. ''Union List of Artist Names Online''. The J. Paul Getty Trust.</cite></ref> bụ onye omenkà ihe nkiri America, onye nwe gallery, onye na-ede uri, onye na-agba egwu, onye nkuzi, na onye nrụpụta; nwere ọrụ ruru afọ iri ise. E gosipụtara ọrụ ya n'ụlọ ngosi ihe mgbe ochie na ụlọ ngosi ihe ngosi gburugburu ụwa. Kemgbe ngwụcha 1960s, Jackson ararala ndụ ya maka nka ihe nkiri yana nsonye ọzọ na ihe nkiri, nkuzi, nchịkwa nka, ndụ obodo, na mmemme ọha. Jackson's oeuvre gụnyere uri, ịgba egwu, ihe nkiri, imewe ejiji, eserese (ma akụkụ abụọ na akụkụ atọ), mbipụta, na eserese. Jackson etinyela oge n'ọrụ ya n'ịkụziri ụmụ akwụkwọ na imetụta ọgbọ ndị na-ese ihe na ndị na-emepụta omenala n'ọdịnihu, yana iwulite na isonye na mpaghara nka nwere njikọ chiri anya ya na ndị ọgbọ na ndị na-eche echiche. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ na Los Angeles n'oge 1960 ruo 1980, hiwere osisi 32, ma gosipụta ọrụ ndị ọzọ na Ankrum Gallery. N'ime 1980s o biri na Idyllwild, California nkuzi na imepụta nka. Ọ rụkwara ọrụ na Mahadum Yale, yana na New York na Philadelphia na 1990s. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ na Savannah, Georgia art community, site na 1996 ruo 2009. == Ndụ mmalite na agụmakwụkwọ == A mụrụ Jackson na 1944 na Saint Louis, Missouri . <ref name=":4" /> <ref name=":5">{{Cite web|title=Jackson, Suzanne (American painter, mixed-media artist, born 1944)|url=http://vocab.getty.edu/page/ulan/500336333|work=Union List of Artist Names Online|publisher=The J. Paul Getty Trust}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[http://vocab.getty.edu/page/ulan/500336333 "Jackson, Suzanne (American painter, mixed-media artist, born 1944)"]. ''Union List of Artist Names Online''. The J. Paul Getty Trust.</cite></ref> Ezinụlọ ya kwagara San Francisco, California, mgbe ọ dị ọnwa itoolu. <ref name=":4"/> Jackson biri na San Francisco ruo mgbe ọ dị afọ asatọ, mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, a zụlitere ya n'obodo Fairbanks, Alaska, site na 1952 ruo 1961. <ref name=":0" /> Ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Monroe Catholic High School na 1961. <ref name=":0" /> Mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na ụma na Alaska, ọ ghọrọ onye otu National Audubon Society nke metụtara ụfọdụ ọdịnaya nke ọrụ ya site na nwata. <ref>{{Cite book|title=South of Pico: African American Artists in Los Angeles in the 1960s and 1970s|author=Jones|first=Kellie|publisher=Duke University Press|year=2017|location=Durham, North Carolina}}</ref> Ọ bụkwa onye Afrika mbụ nke mba America ga-aga ''National 4-H Congress'' na Chicago na 1960, nke nyeere ya aka inweta scholarships ma kwe ka ọ gaa mahadum. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=http://digital2.library.ucla.edu/viewFile.do?contentFileId=2383743|title=Interview with Suzanne Jackson|author=Mason, Karen Anne (interviewer)|first=Suzanne Jackson (interviewee)|work=UCLA Library Digital Collections, Oral History Collections, African American Artists of Los Angeles|accessdate=3 August 2018}} [[Òtù:CS1 errors: generic name]]</ref> Ọ natara Udo Uwa, Humane Society, na Obiọma nye ụmụ anụmanụ site na International Latham Foundation, Banff School of Fine Arts Scholarship, Akwụkwọ Ọkà Mmụta Mmanụ Ala, na Ọmụmụ Ihe Ọmụmụ Ụlọ Mba. == Ọrụ == === 1960-1970s === Mgbe kọleji Jackson gachara South America na ụlọ ọrụ ballet <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://hammer.ucla.edu/now-dig-this/artists/suzanne-jackson|title=Suzanne Jackson &#124; Hammer Museum}}</ref> wee laghachi California ka ọ biri na Echo Park . <ref name=":2">{{Cite web|url=https://hammer.ucla.edu/now-dig-this/artists/suzanne-jackson/|title=Suzanne Jackson|author=Keith|first=Naima J.|date=6 August 2018|work=Hammer Museum}}</ref> Mgbe ọ laghachiri na California, Jackson weere klas eserese na Otis Art Institute na Charles White, bụ ebe ọ malitere ijikọ na ndị ọzọ na-ese ihe California dị ka [[Dan Concholar]], [[Alonzo Davis]], na [[Timothy Washington]] . <ref>{{Cite web|title=Suzanne Jackson {{!}} Hammer Museum|url=https://hammer.ucla.edu/now-dig-this/artists/suzanne-jackson|accessdate=2024-06-04|work=hammer.ucla.edu|language=en}}</ref> Na 1968, ọ mepere gallery 32, nke rụrụ ọrụ afọ abụọ na nke Jackson kwadoro onwe ya. <ref name=":2" /> Jackson mere ọtụtụ ihe ngosi solo n'ime 1970s na Ankrum Gallery, nke onye na-eme ihe nkiri tụgharịrị-gallerist Joan Wheeler Ankrum na onye na-eme ihe nkiri William Challee mere. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.aaa.si.edu/collections/ankrum-gallery-records-6569/historical-note|title=Historical Note {{!}} A Finding Aid to the Ankrum Gallery records, circa 1900-circa 1990s, bulk 1960-1990|work=www.aaa.si.edu|language=en|accessdate=2019-04-01}}</ref> Jackson mepụtara akwụkwọ ndị na-ese ihe nke uri na eserese, "Ihe M hụrụ n'anya" (1972) na "Anụmanụ" (1978). (lee uri ) === 1980-1990s === Na 1981, ewebata Jackson na Savannah, Georgia, site na ọkpụkpọ òkù ịbụ onye na-ese ihe na Savannah College of Art and Design site na ntụnye [[Bernie Casey]] . Na mgbakwunye, na 1981, ọrụ Jackson gụnyere na ihe ngosi “Forever Free: African American Women” nke gara Gibbes Museum of Art na Charleston, South Carolina . Jackson biri na Idyllwild, California, site na 1981 ruo 1985 ma nọrọ na ngalaba dị ka onye na-ese ihe nkiri na Idyllwild School of Music and Arts (1981-1982), na onye isi oche nke Fine na Performing Arts na Elliott-Pope Preparatory School (nke bụbu Desert Sun School (1982–1985). Na 1987, Jackson kwagara New Haven, Connecticut, ịga [[Yale University|Mahadum Yale]], na-agbaso akara ugo mmụta nna ukwu n'okpuru nkuzi Ming Cho Lee maka ihe nkiri. Ọ na-arụ ọrụ dị ka onye na-ese ihe nkiri na onye na-emepụta ejiji na-agagharị na mpaghara ahụ dum; ruo mgbe iwere ọkwa na St. Mary's College of Maryland dị ka onye na-ese ihe nkiri na osote prọfesọ site na 1994 ruo 1996. Na 1996, Jackson kwagara Savannah, Georgia ka ọ kụziri na Savannah College of Art and Design <ref>{{Cite news|author=Felsenthal|first=Julia|date=2019-11-19|title=An Artist Who Makes Paintings Without a Canvas|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/11/19/t-magazine/suzanne-jackson-artist.html|accessdate=2020-09-13}}</ref> dị ka prọfesọ nke eserese, ebe ọ kụziiri ihe oge niile ruo 2009. === 2000s – dị ugbu a === Jackson lara ezumike nká na SCAD na 2009, mana Jackson nọgidere dị ka onye prọfesọ nwa oge na mgbakwunye ruo 2013. Na mgbakwunye, Jackson kụziri nkuzi akụkọ mmalite nka, gụnyere African American Art History na Savannah State University na 2013–2014 akwụkwọ afọ. Jackson ka bụ onye na-arụsi ọrụ ike na obodo nka Savannah ma na-aga n'ihu ịmepụta na igosipụta ọrụ ya. Jackson na-akwado ihe ngosi redio kwa izu nke gosipụtara jazz na mkparịta ụka, nke a na-akpọ ''Ntị Ntị'' na WHCJ 90.3 Savannah State University Radio, n'akụkụ Ike Carter, Jerome Meadows, Tom Van de Ven, Lisa Jackson na Carla Curran, PhD. Na 2019 Jackson bụ onye nnata nke Joan Mitchell Painters & Sculptors Grant. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://joanmitchellfoundation.org/artist-programs/artist-grants/painter-sculptors/2019/suzanne-jackson|title=Artist Programs » Artist Grants|author=Foundation|first=Joan Mitchell|work=joanmitchellfoundation.org|date=25 September 2019|language=en|accessdate=2019-11-20}}</ref> == Omume nka == Suzanne Jackson enweela nnukwu ọrụ na-emesi ike mkpa ọ dị ibi ndụ onye na-ese ihe, n'okwu ya, ịbụ onye na-ese ihe bụ idozi nsogbu na-emegide imepụta ihe oyiyi. Ọ sịrị, “Abụghị m onye na-ese ihe. Abụ m onye na-ese ihe. M na-ese, na m na-arụ ọrụ na ihe nkiri dị ka onye na-ese ihe, na ruturu. Mana ịghọ onye na-ese ihe na-ewe oge ndụ niile." <ref name=":0"/> N'ime oge ọrụ ya niile, Jackson lere anya na okike maka mmụọ nsọ, ọ na-ejikọkarị ojii na okike. <ref name=":0" /> Ọrụ ya emeela ememe oji site na ihe nnọchianya nke ahụ ojii na-enweghị ozi ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na-enweghị isi. === Nkà ihe nkiri === Jackson arụwo ọrụ n'ụdị mgbasa ozi dị iche iche gụnyere ọrụ na akwụkwọ, na-arụ ọrụ na canvas, na Monoprints. Ọrụ ya na akwụkwọ gụnyere ma agba mmiri na eserese sitere na ọrụ ya niile. Jackson ejirila agba acrylic rụọ ọrụ, ihe osise mbụ ya na kwaaji bụ nke nwere acrylic paint Layered, ka mmadụ si etinye agba mmanụ. O kwuru, sị, "Onyonyo nke onye ọ bụla maara nke ọma, na ezigbo ọcha na-acha ọcha na ụdị akwa akwa na akwa akwa - nke ahụ bụ ụdị usoro ochie nke nna ukwu nke ịkwanye agba maka translucency. Ọ dị ka akwa akwa na akwa agba na-ewuli omimi na eserese ahụ. Ma ụfọdụ n'ime ihe osise ndị ahụ, dị ka ndị dị gịrịgịrị dị ka agba si yie, enwere ike inwe agba dị otu narị na iri ise na nke ọ bụla n'ime eserese m. " <ref name=":0"/> Afọ 1990 gosipụtara mgbanwe n'ọrụ ya ka ọ malitere ịnwale usoro mgbasa ozi dị iche iche. Ka ụdị ya na-aga n'ihu, Jackson malitere ịhapụ akwa akwa ahụ iji kwado ịgbụ dị ka mkpụrụ. Ọ na-eji Novacolor ika acrylic gels mepụta ọrụ nkwudo akụkụ atọ nke akwa akwa, akwụkwọ, ihe achọtara, akwụkwọ, ma ọ bụ ụgbụ dị iche iche jikọtara ọnụ. <ref>{{Cite news|author=Felsenthal|first=Julia|date=2019-11-19|title=An Artist Who Makes Paintings Without a Canvas|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/11/19/t-magazine/suzanne-jackson-artist.html|accessdate=2021-10-30}}</ref> Ọrụ ihe osise ya gụnyere na mkpokọta ihe ngosi nka ọha gụnyere na Museum of Modern Art, <ref>{{Cite web|title=Suzanne Jackson|url=https://www.moma.org/artists/41281|accessdate=2021-10-30|work=The Museum of Modern Art (MoMA)|language=en}}</ref> California African American Museum, <ref>{{Cite web|title=Paperworks: Selections from the Permanent Collection|url=https://caamuseum.org/exhibitions/2017/paperworks-selections-from-the-permanent-collection|accessdate=2021-10-30|work=CAAM|language=en}}</ref> Indianapolis Museum of Art, <ref>{{Cite web|title=Kiss Me|url=http://collection.imamuseum.org/artwork/81347/|accessdate=2021-10-30|work=Indianapolis Museum of Art Online Collection|language=en}}</ref> na Hammer Museum na UCLA. === Ụlọ ihe nkiri na ejiji ejiji === Jackson gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Yale na 1990 wee gaa na mpaghara ugwu ọwụwa anyanwụ (Connecticut, New York, na Philadelphia) yana akụkụ California (Los Angeles na San Francisco Bay Area) na-arụ ọrụ dị ka onye na-ese ihe nkiri na uwe ejiji. Ejiri ejiji ejiji ya gụnyere ihe ngosi [https://www.loc.gov/loc/lcib/9503/stage.html Onstage: A Century of African American Stage Design], na Library maka Ịrụ Ọrụ, Lincoln Center, New York. N'ime kredit ụlọ ihe nkiri mpaghara ndị ọzọ, ọrụ Jackson gụnyere: * BLUES ROOM, Realto Theatre, National Black Arts Festival, Atlanta, Georgia, sitere na Ụlọ ihe nkiri nke Ndezigharị Mbụ, Mahadum George Mason, Fairfax Virginia, 1997 * THE Snow Queen, mmalite, The John F. Kennedy Center, Scenic na Ejiji imewe maka ụlọ ọrụ na-eme njem, 1996-98 * ỤMỤTA ANYANWU, Ebe John F. Kennedy, Nhazi ejiji, 1996–98 * Onye na-ese ihe nkiri na St. Mary's College of Maryland, ( ''Tartuffe, Fefu na ndị enyi ya, The Physicists, The Big Picture, Happy End, Etta Jenks, In Perpetuity Throughout the Universe) 1994-96'' * Ịkwụ ụgwọ, iti mkpu, na ịkwọ ụlọ, Mark Taper Forum, 1993 * [[Boesman na Lena|BOSEMAN na LENA]] na Philadelphia Drama Guild 1990 * PERICLES na ìhè ehihie na Mpụga na Yale Repertory Theatre 1990 * ROSE nke RANCHO, El Teatro Campesino, 1989 * Ejiji niile maka Barbara Feldman & Ndị na-agba egwu, 1988–96 * Akụkọ WINTER na [[Macbeth|MACBETH]] na California Shakespeare Festival * atụmatụ maka Gus Solomons, Ụlọ ọrụ Dance, Jennifer Muller/The Works === Agba egwu === Jackson mụrụ ballet na choreography na mahadum, mgbe ọ bụ nwa akwụkwọ ọ bụ onye otu Pacific Ballet Company (1961-66). Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na kọleji, Jackson sonye na njem ihe nkiri egwu nke South America na South America na Music Theater USA, na mgbe ọ lọghachiri, Jackson bụ onye nkuzi nke ịgba egwu na nka na Watts Towers Art Center na Los Angeles site na 1968 ruo 1969. Site na 1982 ruo 1985, Jackson bụ onye isi oche nke ngalaba nka mma nke Elliot-Pope Preparatory School, Idyllwild, California, ebe ọ rụpụtara ihe ngosi gụnyere ''Oliver !'' , ''Grease'', na ''Ememme Igwe Ọdụdọ'' . === Abụ === Ndị Cave Canem Foundation, Lucille Clifton, St Mary's Women's Writing Group, na International Women Writing Guild na-eduzi uri Jackson. Akwụkwọ nka nke Jackson bipụtara nke gosipụtara uri na eserese ya bụ “Anụmanụ,” na “Ihe M hụrụ n'anya.” Agụnyere abụ na eserese Jackson na Ọgba Canem Anthologies; “Ntị na-ada ụda: Black Poets Lean South,” 2007, I, II, na IV, 1996–99; Avatar 25, 1996; Nyocha Potomac, Oge oyi 1996; Na Ndagwurugwu nke ọnwa, International Women's Writing Guild, 1994. Edere ọtụtụ n'ime nkwupụta ndị nka ya n'amaokwu:<blockquote>Nkà M na-emekọ ihe n'eziokwu VERSUS FANTASY--- ONWE YA GỤKWUO GBASARA YA… GỊNỊ M Mgbalị APỤTA IHE Ọgbaghara n'ime uche, Ọgbaghara nke nhọrọ --- nke ịhụnanya, ---nke ịchọ ihe mmetụta uche, Ịnye iwu, "NWETA" ONWE YA N'akuku ụfọdụ na-aga n'ihu OGWU NKE Nchọpụta ONYE, N'eziokwu, m nwere ike ịbụ n'ezie. - Nkwupụta sitere na akwụkwọ Suzanne Jackson, ''Ihe M hụrụ n'anya'' (1970)</blockquote> == Ụlọ ihe nkiri 32 == Ọtụtụ ndị na-akpakọrịta aha Jackson na Gallery 32, ihe ngosi nka ọ gbara na MacArthur Park, Los Angeles site na 1968 ruo 1970, raara onwe ya nye n'ịkwalite obodo nka na-akwado. <ref name=":4">{{Cite web|author=Gerwin|first=Daniel|date=2019|title=Suzanne Jackson at O-Town House|url=https://www.artforum.com/picks/suzanne-jackson-78755|accessdate=2019-04-01|work=Artforum.com|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.art-agenda.com/features/261177/suzanne-jackson-s-holding-on-to-a-sound|title=Suzanne Jackson's "holding on to a sound" - Features - art-agenda|work=www.art-agenda.com|language=en|accessdate=2019-04-01}}</ref> Osisi 32 sitere n'ike mmụọ nsọ onye nka [[Charles Wilbert White|Charles White]] na nka nwere ike bụrụ ụgbọ dị irè maka mmemme obodo na mgbanwe mmekọrịta ọha. <ref name=":3">{{Cite web|url=http://www.getty.edu/research/exhibitions_events/events/gallery32/index.html|title=Modern Art in Los Angeles: Gallery 32 (Getty)|work=www.getty.edu|accessdate=2019-03-31}}</ref> N'ịchọ ịmegharị ahụmahụ Jackson gara aga nke San Francisco bohemianism, Gallery 32 rụrụ ọrụ dị obere ka azụmahịa karịa ka ebe maka mgbanwe echiche na nkà ihe ọmụma. Jackson kwadoro ụlọ ngosi ihe ngosi ahụ n'onwe ya, karịsịa na ego ọ nwetara site na nkuzi. Ụlọ ihe ngosi ahụ ghọrọ ebe dị mkpa, mkparịta ụka nnabata, ịgụ abụ uri, na ndị na-akwado ego maka ihe gbasara ọha mmadụ, na igosi ọrụ nke gosipụtara ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị siri ike. <ref name=":2">{{Cite web|url=https://hammer.ucla.edu/now-dig-this/artists/suzanne-jackson/|title=Suzanne Jackson|author=Keith|first=Naima J.|date=6 August 2018|work=Hammer Museum}}</ref> <ref name=":3" /> O bu n'obi ime nka nka sitere n'aka ndị nka ojii nwere isiokwu ojii ga-enweta ndị otu obodo niile. <ref name=":0"/>Ọ ngwa ngwa ghọrọ otu n'ime oghere nka ole na ole na Los Angeles iji gosipụta ndị na-ese ihe n'Africa na-apụta dị ka [[Gloria Bohanon]], [[Emory Douglas]], David Hammons, Betye Saar, na Timothy Washington. N'ime ụlọ ọrụ ndị gallery kwadoro ndị na-enye ego bụ Black Arts Council, Black Panther Party, na mmemme nka ụmụaka nke Watts Towers Arts Center. Otu n'ime ihe ngosi dị mkpa nke gallery ahụ bụ 1970 Sapphire Show, nyocha mbụ nke Los Angeles nke ndị inyom America America na-ese ihe. Osisi 32 rụrụ ọrụ dị mkpa na mgba na-aga n'ihu nke oge ahụ mgbe ọ na-enye aka na ihe ngosi nka dị iche iche nke Los Angeles. <ref name=":2" /> A na-ekwela ụlọ ọrụ nyocha Getty nkwa ọrụ nka ndị fọdụrụ na arịrịọ onye nka. == Nkuzi == * 2014-2016, Prọfesọ Adjunct of Foundation Studies, Drawing, Savannah College of Art and Design, Savannah, Georgia * 2013–2014, Prọfesọ Adjunct of Fine Arts, Sabbatical Replacement History I & II; Akụkọ ihe mere eme nka nke Amerịka, Mahadum Savannah State, Savannah, Georgia * 2009-2013, Prọfesọ Adjunct of Painting (eLearning), Graduate Studies, Savannah College of Art and Design, Savannah, Georgia * 1996–2009, Prọfesọ nke eserese, Savannah College of Art and Design, Savannah, Georgia * 1994–1996, Scenographer and Assistant Prọfesọ, St. Mary's College of Maryland, St. Mary's City, Maryland * 1982–1985, Onye isi oche nke ngalaba nka nke ọma na ime nka, Elliott-Pope Preparatory School, (nke bụbu Desert Sun School), Idyllwild, California. * 1972, Mahadum Stanford (okpomọkụ), Stanford, California * 1970, onye nkuzi ịgba egwu na nka nka, Watts Tower Art Center, Watts, California == Ihe ngosi == N'okpuru bụ ndepụta nke ihe ngosi ama ama nke Jackson.   == Ọgụgụ ọzọ == * Bustion, Nathanial. ''Ọnụnọ mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa ebighi ebi na mgbanwe okike.'' CA: Aton Mattinnii Fine Arts Studio/ Asaraset Institute, 2015. * Finch, Richard. ''Akara sitere na Matrix: Normal Editions Workshop Collaborative Limited Edition Mbipụta 1976-2006.'' IL: Ọmụmụ mbipụta nkịtị, Mahadum steeti Illinois, 2007. * Goode-Bryant, Linda, na Marcy S. Phillips, ed. ''Okirikiri'' . Exh. pusi. New York: Dị n'elu Midtown Gallery, 1978. * Jackson, Suzan. ''Anụmanụ.'' Los Angeles: Ntugharị na atụmatụ na-aga n'ihu, 1978. * Jones, Kelly. ''Ndịda Pico: Ndị omenkà America America na Los Angeles na 1960 na 1970.'' Durham. North Carolina: Mahadum Duke Press, 2017. * LeFalle-Collins, Lizzetta, na Cecil Fergerson. ''19Iri isii: Atụleghachi edemede edemede omenala, 1965–1975'' . Exh. pusi. Los Angeles: California Afro-American Museum Foundation, 1989. * Lewis, Samella S. ''Art: African American'', 161–62. New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1978. * Peter, Carolyn, na Damon Willick. ''Osisi 32 na gburugburu ya'' . Exh. pusi. Los Angeles: Mahadum Loyola Marymount, 2009. * Tate, Mae. "The Art nke Suzanne Jackson." ''Black Art Quarterly'' 4, mba. 3 (1982): 3–21. * Widener, Daniel. ''Black Arts West: Omenala na mgba na Postwar Los Angeles'' . Durham, NC: Mahadum Duke, 2010. == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * Saịtị gọọmentị: http://www.suzannejackson.art * [https://www.aaa.si.edu/collections/items/detail/interview-suzanne-jackson-17736 Ajụjụ ọnụ Suzanne Jackson, 1980 Julaị], sitere na Archives of American Art, Smithsonian Institution * [http://digital2.library.ucla.edu/viewFile.do?contentFileId=2383743 Ajụjụ ọnụ nke Suzanne Jackson, 1992 August], sitere na TEI Project, UCLA Library Oral Histories * Vidiyo: [https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLFB04C1C649FD80A2 Murs Murs nke Agnès Varda dere] * Vidiyo: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MJrfqEFVpQk Ajụjụ Ọnụ Netropolitan] [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 9cvmmo5di5pil4ujdwlvukojy01a0px 0 47841 644186 172355 2026-05-30T18:45:13Z Chigozirim2005 19722 Fixed reference error 644186 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|image=|caption=}} {{Databox}}'''Sheldon Epps''' (amuru na Nọvemba 15, 1952) bu onye isi ihe onyonyo nke America na onye isi ihe nkiri . == Ọrụ == A mụrụ Sheldon Epps na [[Los Angeles]], [[California]] . <ref name="Sheldon Epps Biography">[http://www.filmreference.com/film/61/Sheldon-Epps.html Sheldon Epps Biography at FilmReference.com]</ref> Ọ kwagara Teaneck, New Jersey, mgbe ọ dị afọ 11, ebe ọ gara ụlọ akwụkwọ ọha na eze, ma bụrụ nke mbụ dọtara ya na ogbo mgbe ọ nọ na Teaneck High School . Epps gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Mahadum Carnegie Mellon na 1973. <ref>Klein, Alvin. [https://www.nytimes.com/1997/03/30/nyregion/the-duke-and-i.html?pagewanted=all "The Duke and I"], ''[[The New York Times]]'', March 30, 1997. Accessed October 17, 2011. "BORN 44 years ago to St. Paul (a minister who ''always found someplace to preach'') and Kathryn Epps (who taught home economics in Thomas Jefferson Junior High School in Teaneck), Sheldon Epps lived in Los Angeles until he was 11. ''We moved to Teaneck when I was in the seventh grade, and there I stayed through junior high school and through college,'' he said.... He discovered theater when he performed in a summer musical program at Teaneck High School."</ref> Ọ malitere ọrụ ya dị ka onye na-eme ihe nkiri na-agụ akwụkwọ na Brooklyn Academy of Music, Indiana Repertory Company, Alley Theatre, Civic Light Opera nke Pittsburgh <ref name="Sheldon Epps Biography">[http://www.filmreference.com/film/61/Sheldon-Epps.html Sheldon Epps Biography at FilmReference.com]</ref> na Ụlọ Ọrụ Mmepụta nke ọ kwadoro na nke ọ na-eduzi ọtụtụ egwuregwu. <ref name="caltech">{{Cite web|title=A Conversation with Sheldon Epps: Michelin Distinguished Visitors Lecture|url=http://events.caltech.edu/calendar/a-conversation-with-sheldon-epps-michelin-distinguished-visitors-lecture|work=CaltechLive!|publisher=[[California Institute of Technology]]|accessdate=13 September 2020|language=en|date=19 March 2007}}</ref> Na 1994, Epps kwagara na telivishọn, na-eduzi ihe omume nke ''mgbede Shade'' . Ihe nzere telivishọn ya ndị ọzọ gụnyere ''Smart Guy'', ''Nwanne nwanyị, Nwanyị'', ''Frasier'', ''Onye ọ bụla hụrụ Raymond n'anya'', ''Enyi'', ''enyi nwanyị'' na ''George Lopez'' . Na 1997, Epps ghọrọ onye nduzi nka nke Pasadena Playhouse . <ref name="caltech" /> Na 2020 Epps họpụtara Senior Artistic Advisor na Ford's Theatre na [[Washington, D.C.|Washington, DC]] Akwụkwọ ndekọ aha ya kacha ere ere bụ nke McFarland Books bipụtara na Septemba 2022. == Na-eduzi ọrụ ==  onye na-eme ihe nkiri na-agụ akwụkwọ na Brooklyn Academy of Music, Indiana Repertory Company, Alley Theatre, Civic{{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * {{IMDb name|0258405}} * Sheldon Epps at the Internet Broadway Database [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 3ntobv2f9t0xum489ssecac22pam1t4 0 47853 644108 172369 2026-05-30T16:00:53Z Mirah50 16972 Fixed reference errors 644108 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|image=<!-- filename only, no "File:" or "Image:" prefix, and no enclosing [[brackets]] -->|caption=}} '''Tayarisha Poe''' bụ onye odee na onye ntụzi America. Ngosipụta njirimara ya ''bụ Selah na Spades'' nwetara onyinye nturu ugo kacha mma na 2019 [[Emume ihe nkiri BlackStar|BlackStar Film Festival]] wee wepụta ya na 2019 Sundance Film Festival . Ihe nkiri sophomore nke Poe, ''Nwanyị Na-eto Eto ,'' wepụtara na 2023 South site na mmemme ihe nkiri Southwest . == Ndụ na ọrụ == A mụrụ ma zụlite Poe na West Philadelphia . Ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Peddie School na New Jersey wee nweta nzere bachelọ ya na Swarthmore College na 2012. <ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-04-17|title=Q&A: A Chat with 'Selah and the Spades' Writer/Director Tayarisha Poe - sundance.org|url=https://www.sundance.org/blogs/now-playing/selah-and-the-spades-tayarisha-poe-interview/|accessdate=2023-08-29|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref name="essence">{{Cite web|author=Clark|first=Kevin L.|title=Meet Tayarisha Poe: A First-Time Filmmaker with a DIY Approach|url=https://www.essence.com/feature/meet-tayarisha-poe-filmmaker-selah-and-the-spades/|work=Essence|accessdate=15 October 2022|archivedate=26 November 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20221126221108/https://www.essence.com/feature/meet-tayarisha-poe-filmmaker-selah-and-the-spades/}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFClark">Clark, Kevin L. [https://www.essence.com/feature/meet-tayarisha-poe-filmmaker-selah-and-the-spades/ "Meet Tayarisha Poe: A First-Time Filmmaker with a DIY Approach"]. ''Essence''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20221126221108/https://www.essence.com/feature/meet-tayarisha-poe-filmmaker-selah-and-the-spades/ Archived] from the original on 26 November 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 October</span> 2022</span>.</cite></ref> <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|author=Morfoot|first=Addie|date=2019-01-04|title=10 Directors to Watch: Tayarisha Poe Shows Her Hand With 'Selah and the Spades'|url=https://variety.com/2019/film/features/10-directors-to-watch-tayarisha-poe-shows-her-hand-with-selah-and-the-spades-1203099281/|accessdate=2022-10-15|work=Variety|language=en-US|archivedate=2022-10-15|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20221015054513/https://variety.com/2019/film/features/10-directors-to-watch-tayarisha-poe-shows-her-hand-with-selah-and-the-spades-1203099281/}}</ref> O bu ụzọ mee atụmatụ ịchụso ọrụ dịka onye ọka iwu, mana tụgharịrị mmasị ya n'ichepụta ihe nkiri na kọleji. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Obenson|first=Tambay|date=2020-04-25|title='Selah and the Spades': Tayarisha Poe on Her Journey from 'La Jetée' to One of the Year's Most Assured Debuts|url=https://www.indiewire.com/2020/04/selah-and-the-spades-tayarisha-poe-interview-1202225234/|accessdate=2022-10-15|work=IndieWire|language=en|archivedate=2022-10-15|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20221015054515/https://www.indiewire.com/2020/04/selah-and-the-spades-tayarisha-poe-interview-1202225234/}}</ref> Poe akpọọla [[Terence Nance]], Anna Rose Holmer, na Kasi Lemmons dịka ndị ndụmọdụ ya atọ. <ref name="essence" /> Poe's directorial mpụta mbụ gosipụtara ihe nkiri na nseta ihuenyo, ''Selah na Spades'', ewepụtara na 2019 Sundance Film Festival wee wepụta ya na Amazon Prime Video na 2020. <ref name="essence"/> Ihe nkiri a tolitere site na foto dị iche iche, ihe nkiri dị mkpirikpi, na prose ọ malitere ikesa na ntanetị na 2014. Akụkọ ya na-anọghị n'ịntanetị nwetara nnabata dị mma n'ịntanetị, ebe onye isi Terence Nance kwetara ka onye isi mepụta ọrụ ahụ. <ref name="filmmakermag">{{Cite web|title=25 New Faces of Independent Film|url=https://filmmakermagazine.com/people/tayarisha-poe/#.Y0o8nVLMI-Q|work=Filmmaker Magazine|date=23 July 2015|accessdate=15 October 2022|archivedate=15 October 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20221015054514/https://filmmakermagazine.com/people/tayarisha-poe/#.Y0o8nVLMI-Q}}</ref> N'afọ 2016 ọ nwetara nkwado iji mepụta ihe nkiri ahụ site n'aka Sundance Institute 's Knight Foundation Fellowship. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web|author=D'Alessandro|first=Anthony|date=2018-08-21|title=Sundance Institute Alum Tayarisha Poe Making Directorial Debut With 'Selah And The Spades'|url=https://deadline.com/2018/08/sundance-institute-feature-film-program-alum-tayarisha-poe-making-directorial-debut-with-selah-and-the-spades-1202449252/|accessdate=2022-10-15|work=Deadline|language=en-US|archivedate=2022-10-15|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20221015054515/https://deadline.com/2018/08/sundance-institute-feature-film-program-alum-tayarisha-poe-making-directorial-debut-with-selah-and-the-spades-1202449252/}}</ref> <ref name="essence" /> ''Selah na Spades'' kpakpando Lovie Simone, Jharrel Jerome, na [[Celeste O'Connor]] . <ref name=":1" /> Ihe nkiri ahụ nwetara nnabata kacha mma. <ref name="rt-selah">{{Cite web|title=Selah and the Spades|url=https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/selah_and_the_spades|accessdate=15 October 2022|work=Rotten Tomatoes|archivedate=25 April 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200425135649/https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/selah_and_the_spades}}</ref> Ihe nkiri ngosi nke abụọ nke Poe, ''Nwanyị Na-eto Eto'' (nke Kiersey Clemons, Judith Light, Leon Bridges, Sheryl Lee Ralph, na Kelly Marie Tran ), wepụtara na South site na Southwest na March 2023. <ref name=":3" /> A nabatara ihe nkiri ahụ nke ọma, ndị nkatọ na-eto usoro mmepụta, ihe nkiri, na edemede "ihe okike". <ref>{{Cite web|author=Lattanzio|first=Ryan|date=2023-03-18|title='The Young Wife' Review: 'Selah & the Spades' Director Tayarisha Poe Sends a Zany Marital Missive from the Future|url=https://www.indiewire.com/criticism/movies/the-young-wife-review-1234820655/|accessdate=2023-08-29|work=IndieWire|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|author=Brady|first=Erin|date=2023-03-17|title=The Young Wife Review: A Visually Stunning Ode To Radical Love In Times Of Crisis [SXSW 2023]|url=https://www.slashfilm.com/1231008/the-young-wife-review-a-visually-stunning-ode-to-radical-love-in-times-of-crisis-sxsw-2023/|accessdate=2023-08-29|work=/Film|language=en-US}}</ref> == Ihe nkiri == '''Ihe nkiri''' {| class="wikitable" |+ !Afọ ! Aha ! width="65" | Onye nduzi ! width="65" | Onye edemede ! width="65" | Onye nrụpụta ! Ref. |- | 2019 | ''Selah na Spades'' |{{yes}}|{{yes}}|{{yes}} | <ref name=":2" /> |- | 2023 | ''Nwanyị Na-eto Eto'' |{{yes}}|{{yes}}|{{yes}} | <ref name=":3">{{Cite web|author=Wiseman|first=Andreas|date=2022-03-02|title='The Flash's Kiersey Clemons Leads Cast In 'The Young Wife' For FilmNation & Archer Gray|url=https://deadline.com/2022/03/flash-kiersey-clemons-young-wife-leon-briedges-tayarisha-poe-filmnation-1234968837/|accessdate=2022-10-15|work=Deadline|language=en-US|archivedate=2022-10-15|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20221015054514/https://deadline.com/2022/03/flash-kiersey-clemons-young-wife-leon-briedges-tayarisha-poe-filmnation-1234968837/}}</ref> |} '''Igwe onyonyo''' {| class="wikitable" |+ !Afọ ! Aha ! emume(s) |- | rowspan="2" | 2019 | rowspan="2" | ''Akụkọ dị egwu nke ahịrịokwu abụọ'' | "Nkuzi nkuzi" |- | "Obere anụ ọhịa" |- | 2020 | ''Mpaghara Twilight'' | "N'etiti ndị na-adịghị agwụ agwụ" |- | 2021 | ''Dave'' | "Onwere onye na-akpa m" |} == Ihe nrite na nhọpụta == * 2015, ''Onye na-eme ihe nkiri'', ihu ọhụrụ 25 nke ihe nkiri kwụụrụ onwe ya <ref name="essence">{{Cite web|author=Clark|first=Kevin L.|title=Meet Tayarisha Poe: A First-Time Filmmaker with a DIY Approach|url=https://www.essence.com/feature/meet-tayarisha-poe-filmmaker-selah-and-the-spades/|work=Essence|accessdate=15 October 2022|archivedate=26 November 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20221126221108/https://www.essence.com/feature/meet-tayarisha-poe-filmmaker-selah-and-the-spades/}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFClark">Clark, Kevin L. [https://www.essence.com/feature/meet-tayarisha-poe-filmmaker-selah-and-the-spades/ "Meet Tayarisha Poe: A First-Time Filmmaker with a DIY Approach"]. ''Essence''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20221126221108/https://www.essence.com/feature/meet-tayarisha-poe-filmmaker-selah-and-the-spades/ Archived] from the original on 26 November 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 October</span> 2022</span>.</cite></ref> * 2019, ''Ụdị dị iche iche'', Ndị nduzi 10 ga-ekiri <ref name=":0" /> {| class="wikitable" !Afọ ! Ihe nrite ! Otu ! Ọrụ ahọpụtara ! Nsonaazụ ! Ref. |- | rowspan="3" | 2019 | [[Emume ihe nkiri BlackStar|Ememme Nkiri BlackStar]] | Njirimara nkọwa kacha mma | rowspan="5" | ''Selah na Spades''|{{Won}} | <ref name=":2">{{Cite web|title=The Independent Critic - "Selah and the Spades" a Strong Debut From Tayarisha Poe|url=https://theindependentcritic.com/selah_and_the_spades|accessdate=2022-10-15|work=theindependentcritic.com|archivedate=2022-10-15|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20221015061615/https://theindependentcritic.com/selah_and_the_spades}}</ref> |- | Ememme Nkiri International Palm Springs | Ndị nduzi na-ekiri|{{Won}} | <ref name=":2" /> |- | Ememme Nkiri Sundance | Award Innovator ọzọ|{{Nom}} | <ref>{{Cite web|author=Obenson|first=Tambay|date=2019-07-17|title='Selah and The Spades': Amazon Acquires Sundance Drama, Will Also Develop as Series|url=https://www.indiewire.com/2019/07/selah-and-the-spades-amazon-studios-sundance-1202158665/|accessdate=2022-10-15|work=IndieWire|language=en|archivedate=2022-10-15|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20221015061618/https://www.indiewire.com/2019/07/selah-and-the-spades-amazon-studios-sundance-1202158665/}}</ref> |- | 2020 | Ndị nta akụkọ ihe nkiri Indiana | Breakout nke Afọ|{{Nom}} | <ref>{{Cite web|author=Monteil|first=Abby|date=2021-07-22|title=The Refreshing Coming Of Age Hidden Gem You Can Find On Amazon - Looper|url=https://www.looper.com/468628/the-refreshing-coming-of-age-hidden-gem-you-can-find-on-amazon/|accessdate=2022-10-15|work=Looper.com|language=en-US|archivedate=2022-10-15|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20221015061620/https://www.looper.com/468628/the-refreshing-coming-of-age-hidden-gem-you-can-find-on-amazon/}}</ref> |- | 2021 | Las Vegas Film Critics Society Awards | Foto kacha mma|{{Nom}} | <ref>{{Cite web|author=TomatesVFritos|date=2021-03-07|title=Las Vegas Film Critics Society 'Sierra' Awards 2020 – Ganadores|url=http://tomatesverdesfritosdecine.com/blog/las-vegas-film-critics-society-sierra-awards-2020-ganadores/|accessdate=2022-10-15|work=Blog de Cine Tomates Verdes Fritos|language=es|archivedate=2022-10-15|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20221015061615/http://tomatesverdesfritosdecine.com/blog/las-vegas-film-critics-society-sierra-awards-2020-ganadores/}}</ref> |} == Ntụaka == malitere ikesa na ntanetị na 2014. Akụkọ ya na-anọghị n'ịntanetị nwetara nnabata dị mma n'ịntanetị, ebe onye isi Terence{{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] r3baqy1j41spf4vz2d9pbbznh3miti0 0 48042 643978 577874 2026-05-30T12:47:28Z Adimora chidinma 15845 Fixed reference error 643978 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Usòrò:Samuel E. Chamberlain.png|thumb|Samuel E. Chamberlain.]] Samuel Emery Chamberlain (November 27, 1829 - Nọvemba 10, 1908) bụ onye agha America, onye na-ese ihe na onye ode akwụkwọ nke gara njem na Southwest America na Mexico n'ime etiti etiti afọ nke 19. == Ndụ mbido == Amụrụ Chamberlain na Center Harbor, New Hampshire, nye Ephraim Chamberlain na Lydia Leonard Chamberlain [1] na n'oge na-adịghị anya ọ kwagara Boston, Massachusetts, ebe ọ mụta oge nwata ya.  Na 1844, mgbe ọ dị afọ 15, ọ ụlọ ụlọ na-ama ikike ịga Illinois .  Afọ ka e ịhụ, ọ sonyeere 2nd Illinois Volunteer Regiment wee gawa Texas isonye na agha Mexico-American .  Na San Antonio, Chamberlain sonyeere ndị agha oge niile wee bụrụ ohu nke Dragoons US nke mbụ .  Ọ akụkọ ogụ na Agha Buena Vista na February 1847 yana ọtụtụ ọrụ ndị ọzọ na Mexico.  Na 1849, e were na ọ bụ onye gbapụrụ agbahapụ na 1854 ọ la ike n'ihe na ihe na-ebu na Boston ihe.  Ọ mụrụ Mary Keith na July 4, 1855, ma ha anụmanụ ụmụ atọ. <ref name="GoetzmannTSHA" />  Site na akaụntụ nke ya, Chamberlain sokwa na dị iche iche na-adịghị mma nke dị oke ala Texas-Mexico.  ụzọ, ọ gbagoro n'otu oge na òtù Glanton a ma ama n'okpuru iwu nke John Glanton, bụ nke ndị Mexico nyere ọrụ iji soro ma gbuo Apache ndị iro na-esochi agha ahụ.  Ndị òtù a bịara mara nke ọma n'ịwe isi n'isi n' iyipada ndị a na-enyo enyo nke ukwuu iji nweta ego ha, ndị Mexico mechakwara kwupụta ndị òtù ya dị ka ndị iwu akwụkwọ.  Ihe achọta Chamberlain gbasara oge a bụ naanị isi nke ama ama na-egosi ịhụnanya nke Texian mara dị ka Onyeikpe Holden, Glanton nke abụọ na-achị.  Mgbe Chamberlain na ụfọdụ ndị ọzọ gbapụrụ, Yumas gburugburu Glanton na ọtụtụ ndị òtù ya n'omume ebe bụ ugbu a Yuma, Arizona, n'April 1850. <nowiki></link></nowiki>Mgbe ogbugbu [ ], Chamberlain kwuru na ọ gara California, ebe ọ  ite afọ atọ.  [1] : 299 == Agha Obodo == N'oge Agha Obodo America, mgbe ọ bụ onye isi ndị ọrụ na Brigadier General William W. Averell na Lieutenant Colonel nke 1st Massachusetts Cavalry Regiment, Chamberlain nyere iwu Camp Parole na Annapolis, Maryland, maka oge ma nyekwa 5th Massachusetts Colored Cavalry, onye  .  otu ndị Africa-America niile, nwere ọkwa nke colonel.  E Eri ya ahụ ugboro isii n'oge agha ahụ, [1] : 169 gụnyere na Machị 17, 1863, na Kelly's Ford, Virginia, mgbe mgbọ Confederate ọkpụkpụ ọkpụkpụ n'aka ekpe ya.  [2] : 300 Na February 24, 1865, Onye isi ala Abraham Lincoln chọpụtara Chamberlain maka ihe nrite nke ọkwa ọkwa nke brevet brigadier general, US Volunteers, ka ọ bụrụ ọkwa site na February 24, 1865, na US Senate nyere onyinye ahụ na  March 3. [1] : 742 A kpọ see Chamberlain na ndị ọrụ apụta US na September 16, 1865. [1] : 169  == Mgbe e mesịrị ndụ == Mgbe agha ahụ ùgwù, Chamberlain jere ozi dị ka osote onye isi ụlọ ọrụ nke Massachusetts ma bụrụ onye nkwado ụlọ steeti steeti na Charlestown, Massachusetts na Wethersfield, Connecticut .  [1]: 300 [2]: 206 Ɔ lara ezumike nká na 1893, bi na Barre Plains dị nso na Worcester .  [1] : 301 N'ịbụ onye ya na akara ya biri na Massachusetts, Chamberlain bịara mara nke ọma maka ihe ndị ọrụ ya mara mma, bụ nke nwere ọtụtụ mbara ala na ihe nkiri agha na-egosi Agha Mexico na America.  A na-enwe nnukwu nchịkọta, nke a na-adị na akwụkwọ nke William Goetzmann deziri na San Jacinto Museum of History.. <ref>{{Cite book|author=Goetzmann|first=William|title=Sam Chamberlain's Mexican War: The San Jacinto Museum of History Paintings|publisher=Texas State Historical Association|year=1994|isbn=978-0-87611-131-4}}</ref> Chamberlain dekwara ma mpaghara ndị ahụ mere ihe eme nke njem ya n'ime afọ 1840, ọrụ ya na agha Mexico-American na ihe omume ya na ndị otu Glanton, nke ikpe My Confession: The Recollections of a Rogue, nke o dere n  'etiti 1855 na 1861. [1] : 2 Ọ bụ ebe na ọtụtụ n'ime ha na-ekwubiga okwu ókè n'ụdị edemede a ma ama n'oge ahụ, akwado akwadola ọtụtụ n'ime ha bụ eziokwu.  <nowiki></link></nowiki>N'ịkọwa maka ụmụ ya n'ezie akwụkwọ nke onye agha America a na- ụta n'oge agha Mexico na America, Chamberlain gara n'ihu na-eje ozi dị ka ederede isi akwụkwọ bara uru maka ndị mmadụ.  ɔkɔዲዮ ] [ eme na-amụ agha ahụ.  [2] Akaụntụ ahụ a kọrọ na agwa nke akwụkwọ ozi Cormac McCarthy nke 1985 Blood Meridian;  [3] : 1 A na-ekwu na onye na-akwado akwụkwọ ahụ, nke a maara ikike dị ka "nwatakịrị ahụ", na-adabere na Chamberlain.  <nowiki></link></nowiki>Life format nke ederede na July 23, [4] Julaị 30 ] [ [ [5] na Ọgọst 6, 1956 <ref>{{Cite journal|title=A Lost Love and New Adventure|author=Chamberlain|first=Samuel|volume=41|issue=6|date=6 August 1956|journal=Life Magazine|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cEgEAAAAMBAJ&q=Chamberlain&pg=PA64|pages=64–83}}</ref> . Chamberlain nwụrụ na November 10, 1908, na Worcester, Massachusetts, e wee lie ya n'ebe e liri Ugwu Auburn. . <ref name="GoetzmannTSHA">{{Cite web|url=https://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/entries/chamberlain-samuel-emery|title=Chamberlain, Samuel Emery|author=Goetzmann|first=William|date=27 June 2018|work=Texas State Historical Association}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFGoetzmann2018">Goetzmann, William (June 27, 2018) [1 August 1995]. [https://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/entries/chamberlain-samuel-emery "Chamberlain, Samuel Emery"]. ''Texas State Historical Association''.</cite></ref> == Hụkwa ==   * Ndepụta ndị isi Massachusetts na Agha Obodo America * Massachusetts na Agha Obodo America == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} == Ụlọ ihe ngosi nka == <gallery> Usòrò:Samuel Chamberlain - Hanging of the San Patricios.jpg|alt=Hanging of the San Patricios| ''Ịkọba naSan Patricios'' Usòrò:The_Great_Western_as_Landlady.jpg|alt=The Great Western as Landlady, a portrait of Sarah A. Bowman| ''The Great Western dị ka Landlady'', ihe ọrụSarah A. Bowman Usòrò:Sam_Chamberlain.jpg|alt=Sam in his old age, recalling the Mexican War| ''Sam n'oge agadi ya, na-echetaAgha Mexico'' </gallery> == Njikọ mpụga == * Images of the U.S.-Mexican War — Sam Chamberlain's Mexican War Watercolor Paintings at the Wayback Machine (archived 21 December 2002) * [https://books.google.com/books?id=eEgEAAAAMBAJ&dq=Samuel+Chamberlain&pg=PA8 Letters written by Chamberlain] in ''Life'' Magazine l23lidvx4ntg0ecziih01cpjo6zfh4u 0 48079 644140 174772 2026-05-30T17:36:08Z Goodymeraj 16207 644140 wikitext text/x-wiki  {{Databox}} '''Elizabeth Brown-Guillory''' bụ ọkà mmụta, onye na-ede egwuregwu, na onye na-ese ihe. Ọ bụbu prọfesọ Bekee na Mahadum Houston ma bụrụzi Dean nke Texas Southern University 's Thomas F. Freeman Honors College. == Ọrụ == Brown-Guillory enweela egwuregwu iri na abụọ emepụtara na Washington DC, New York City, Los Angeles, Denver, New Orleans, Houston, Cleveland, na Chicago. Ejije ya gụnyere ''Bayou Relics''', ''Snapshots of Broken Dolls'', ''Mam Phyllis'', ''La Bakair'', ''Mgbe ndị nna ochie na-akpọ'', na ''ezumike nke ụbọchị'' . Ebipụtala egwuregwu iri ya na ''Black Drama: 1850 to Present'', nchịkọta ihe nkiri 1,200 n'ịntanetị sitere na ndị ojii. <ref name="uh">{{Cite web|url=http://www.class.uh.edu/english/faculty/brown-guillory_e.asp|title=Elizabeth Brown-Guillory Professor|publisher=University of Houston|accessdate=4 August 2011|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110928011048/http://www.class.uh.edu/english/faculty/brown-guillory_e.asp|archivedate=2011-09-28}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">. University of Houston. Archived from on 2011-09-28<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 August</span> 2011</span>.</cite></ref> A kọwawo akwụkwọ ya, ''Ebe Ha dị na Stage'' dị ka "ọrụ ntụaka dị mkpa nye onye ọ bụla na-agụ akwụkwọ ụmụ nwanyị ojii ma ọ bụ ihe nkiri ojii". <ref>{{Cite journal|author=Kraft|first=Eugene|title=Their Place on the Stage: Black Women Playwrights in America (Review)|volume=24|issue=1|date=Spring 1990|pages=161–163}}</ref> Brown-Guillory bụbu prọfesọ Bekee na Mahadum Houston . <ref name="uh"/> Kemgbe 2009 ọ bụ Prọfesọ nke Ụlọ ihe nkiri na Texas Southern University na Houston, Texas. == Akwụkwọ == * ''Ebe ha nọ na ogbo: Ndị inyom ojii na-egwu egwu na America'' . Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Press, 1988. Ihe mkpuchi siri ike, 165pp; New York na London: Praeger, 1990 Akwụkwọ akụkọ, 165 p; Ntụgharị asụsụ Korea, 2001. == Ejije ebipụtara == * ''Nkwụsị nke ụbọchị.'' Na ''Black Theatre na Texas'' . Ed. Sandra Mayo na Ervin Holt. Austin: Mahadum Texas Press. (na-abịa na 2011) * ''Mgbe ndị nna ochie kpọrọ'' . Na ''Black Theatre'' na Texas. Ed. Sandra Mayo na Ervin Holt. Austin: Mahadum Texas Press. (na-abịa na 2011) * 'Ịchekwa amara ''.'' The Griot ''(akwụkwọ akụkọ nke South Conference on African American Studies, Inc.) 22.2 (Fall 2003): 47-66.'' * ''La Bakair'' . ''Nyocha SUNO: Akwụkwọ akụkọ nke Arts na Humanities'' 1: 2 (mmiri 2001): 49-88. * ''Mam Phyllis'' . N'ime ''mmanya mmanya n'ime ọhịa: Egwuregwu nke ụmụ nwanyị Africa-American si na Harlem Renaissance ruo ugbu a'' . Ed. Elizabeth Brown-Guillory. Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Press, 1990: 191-227. * ''Ihe onyonyo nke ụmụ bebi agbajiri'' . Colorado: Ọrụ Ihe nkiri Contemporary, ngalaba nke Meriwether Publishing Co., 1987. 36p. * ''Bayou Relics'' . Colorado: Ọrụ Ihe nkiri Contemporary, ngalaba nke Meriwether Publishing Co., 1983. 30 pp. == Ntụaka == Relics', Snapshots of Broken Dolls, Mam Phyllis, La Bakair, Mgbe ndị nna ochie na-akpọ, {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Brown-Guillory, Elizabeth}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 4e3yzps9bc5zdtvwqcq3lsd8vd3v11a 0 48160 643993 172789 2026-05-30T13:13:28Z Chiziqa 13055 Fixed reference error 643993 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Abram Hill''', nke a makwaara dị ka '''Ab Hill''', (January 20, 1910 - Ọktoba 13, 1986) bụ onye America na-ede egwuregwu, onye dere ''On Strivers Row'', ''Walk Hard, Talk Loud'' na ọtụtụ egwuregwu ndị ọzọ; na onye isi na mmepe nke ihe nkiri ojii si Atlanta, Georgia . Ọ bụ ezie na a maara nke ọma maka akwụkwọ edemede ya ''On Strivers Row'', ihe kachasị mkpa Hill rụzuru bụ akụkụ ya na ntọala American Negro Theater (ANT) n'akụkụ Frederick O'Neal, na ndị òtù [[McClendon Players]] . <ref>{{Cite web|title=Abram Hill|url=http://www.doollee.com/PlaywrightsH/hill-abram.html|work=Doollee.com|accessdate=September 18, 2015|archivedate=April 2, 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402010345/http://doollee.com/PlaywrightsH/hill-abram.html}}</ref> == Akụkọ ndụ == === Afọ mbụ na agụmakwụkwọ === A mụrụ Abram Hill na Atlanta, Georgia na Jenụwarị 20, 1910 ma nọrọ ebe ahụ ọkara nke nwata ya. Mgbe ọ dị afọ asaa ọ pụtara na Morehouse College Theatre mmepụta. Na 1925, ezinụlọ ahụ kwagara Harlem, New York, na mgbe ọ dị afọ 13 Hill gara ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị De Witt Clinton . Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ sekọndrị, ọ debanyere aha na City College of New York afọ abụọ ma mesịa gụchaa na BA na Mahadum Lincoln, Pennsylvania na 1937; tupu ọ gụchaa, ọ nwetara ọrụ na ihe nkiri na CCC ( Civilian Conservation Corps ), ebe ọ na-eduzi mmepụta na ndị ntorobịa nwoke. <ref name=":0">{{Cite book|title=Black Theatre U.S.A.|author=Hatch|first=James V., and Ted Shine|publisher=The Free Press|year=1996|isbn=0-684-82307-1|location=New York|pages=[https://archive.org/details/blacktheatreusar00/page/226 226 and 227]|url=https://archive.org/details/blacktheatreusar00/page/226}}</ref> Ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ na Theater Arts na Lincoln, ma mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ, e goro ya dị ka onye inyeaka na ngalaba ihe nkiri mahadum. <ref name="Fraser">{{Cite news|author=Fraser|first=C. Gerald|title=ABRAM HILL, 76, THE FOUNDER OF A BLACK THEATER IN HARLEM|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1986/10/11/obituaries/abram-hill-76-the-founder-of-a-black-theater-in-harlem.html|work=New York Times|date=11 October 1986|accessdate=September 18, 2015}}</ref> Hill laghachiri na New York ka otu afọ gachara wee sonye na Federal Theater Project dị ka onye na-agụ edemede. Mgbe ọ na-arụ ọrụ na otu a, o dere egwuregwu ya ''na-ezu ohi Lightning'' na ''Hell's Half Acre'' . Ndị na-egwu Unity Player nke Bronx ga-emesị mepụta egwuregwu ndị a, bụ nke mechara nyere ya aka inweta akwụkwọ mmụta [[Theresa Helbrun]] na Ụlọ Akwụkwọ Ọhụrụ maka Nnyocha Ọha na Ọha, na-amụ n'okpuru John Gassner na Erwin Piscator . <ref name=":0" /> Ọrụ ya na-agụnyekarị egwuregwu ọgụgụ maka mmepụta. O dere ụfọdụ egwuregwu nke ya n'oge a, gụnyere ''On Strivers' Row,'' ''Walk Hard,'' na ''Liberty Deferred.'' === American Negro Ụlọ ihe nkiri === N'afọ 1939, e mechiri Ụlọ ihe nkiri Federal, na Hill jikọtara ya na Frederick O'Neal na otu ndị ọzọ na-ese ihe nkiri iji mepụta American Negro Theatre (ANT) na Harlem. Hill na O'Neal kwenyere na ụlọ ihe nkiri bụ isi ọ bụghị nanị na ọ nwere ohere ole na ole maka ndị na-eme ihe nkiri Black, kamakwa na ọ kwadoro mmekọrịta asọmpi n'etiti ndị na-ese ihe - onye ọ bụla na-agbalịsi ike ịbụ nanị "kpakpando". N'ụzọ dị iche, ANT nwere mmasị n'igosi obodo ojii ike nke ha, ebe ndị nduzi, ndị edemede, ndị ọkachamara na ndị na-eme ihe nkiri dịkwa mkpa. Ozi ha kwuru bụ: "ịkwatu ihe mgbochi nke Black na-ekere òkè na Ụlọ ihe nkiri ahụ; iji gosi ndụ Negro dị ka ha si hụ ya n'eziokwu; [na] iji mejupụta oghere nke Black Theater nke na-adịghị adị." Ha na-atụ anya ka ha guzobe ụlọ ọrụ dị ka ikpo okwu maka ndị na-ese ihe na-eme n'Africa-American nke ga-enye ohere na-adịghị adị maka ha na Broadway, na-emepụta ohere ịnweta ebe ha nwere ike ịrụ ọrụ mgbe niile. Na June 1940, ANT malitere mmalite dị mma, wee bụrụ otu n'ime ihe nkiri ojii a ma ama na nke na-aga nke ọma. Site na 1940 ruo 1950, ANT tinyere egwuregwu 20, ihe karịrị ọkara n'ime ha bụ ndị mbụ. N'ime afọ ụlọ ọrụ ahụ rụrụ ọrụ, mmadụ 50,000 gara egwuregwu ANT. A gbara ajụjụ ọnụ obere oge tupu ọnwụ ya, Hill chetara otú o si kpọbata ndị Harlem n'ime ụlọ ihe nkiri. "Anyị zipụrụ ụgbọ ala gbagoro na mgbada n'okporo ámá Harlem na onye na-akụ ịgbà .... Anyị na-ebufe akwụkwọ mpempe akwụkwọ n'akụkụ okporo ámá. Anyị nwekwara abalị ezinụlọ. Anyị na-ahapụ mmadụ ise n'ime ezinụlọ anyị otu dollar." Mgbe ọ hapụsịrị ANT na 1948, ọ gara n'ihu na-arụ ọrụ abụọ dị ka onye isi, ya na ndị egwuregwu Mahadum Lincoln na mmalite 1950s, <ref>[http://idnc.library.illinois.edu/cgi-bin/illinois?a=d&d=LCN19540610.2.4 "Lincoln University Player"], ''Lincolnian'', June 10, 1954. Illinois Digital Newspaper Collections.</ref> yana onye nkuzi Bekee na ụlọ akwụkwọ New York. Abram Hill nwụrụ na Harlem mgbe ọ dị afọ 76 na 1986. <ref name="Fraser" /> == Ihe nketa == Emeghere ihe ngosi nke akpọrọ ''The 75th Anniversary of the American Negro Theater'' na Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture na 2015. <ref>Frederick, Candice, [http://www.nypl.org/blog/2015/11/12/legacy-abram-hill "Honoring the Legacy of Abram Hill, Co-Founder of the American Negro Theatre"], [[New York Public Library]], November 12, 2015.</ref> == Ntụaka == o dere egwuregwu ya na-ezu ohi Lightning na Hell's Half Acre . Ndị na-egwu Unity Player nke Bronx ga-emesị mepụta egwuregwu ndị a, bụ nke mechara nyere Pennsylvania na 1937 Bronx ga-emesegwuregwu ndị ọzọ; na onye isi na mmepe nke ihe nkiri{{Reflist|30em}} rkownh6di5yhjwn5vjs7xwyujenk1k0 0 48207 644272 172854 2026-05-30T20:15:49Z Wikipedian12512(alt) 61413 ce 644272 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Otto Pilny''' (28 June 1866 – 22 Julaị 1936) bụ onye Czech – Switzerland onye na-ese ihe bụ ọkachamara n'ihe nkiri ụdịrị Oriental . == Ndụ na ọrụ == [[Usòrò:The_Slave_Market_by_Otto_Pilny.jpg|thumb| Ahịa Ohu (1910)]] Amụrụ na České Budějovice na 28 June 1866, ezinụlọ ya kwagara Prague na 1873, ma eleghị anya ọ nwetara agụmakwụkwọ nkà ya n'ebe ahụ; mana amaghi nkọwa ya. Ọ gara njem eserese mbụ ya na Orient mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na itoolu, wee gaa njem njem si Cairo gaa Tripoli, naanị nkịta ya na-esonyere ya. Mgbe ọ nọrọ obere oge na Prague, ọ laghachiri n'Ijipt site na 1889 ruo 1892. N'ịgbaso obere oge na Vienna, eleghị anya ịga n'ihu na ọmụmụ ihe ya, ọ kwagara Zürich na 1895, lụrụ di na nwunye ma nweta nwa amaala Switzerland. Ihe ngosi mbụ ya bụ na 1900. Mgbe ọ nọ n'Ijipt, ọrụ ya masịrị ndị ọchịchị Ottoman n'Ijipt ma họpụta ya onye na-ese ihe n'ụlọikpe. Na 1906, Khedive ikpeazụ, Abbas Hilmi II nyere ya Order of the Medjidie, klas nke anọ. Dị ka ọtụtụ n'ime ndị ha na ya dịkọrọ ndụ, Pilny nwere mmasị na mpaghara North Africa, ndị mmadụ yana omenala ha. O nwere mmasị karịsịa n'ebe ndị Bedouin nọ, ọ na-esokwa ha na-agakarị n'ime ọzara ebe ọ nwere ike ịse ihe ntụrụndụ mgbede. Ahụmahụ ya na North Africa nyere mkpali maka ihe osise ya n'oge ndụ ya niile, ọ bụkwa otu n'ime ndị na-ese ihe nkiri Orientist ole na ole bụ ndị gosipụtara [[Ndi áláküba|ndị Alakụba]] n'ekpere. <ref>[https://www.bonhams.com/auctions/18180/lot/52/ Bonham's Auction House, "Otto Pliny Biographical Notes]</ref> == Ụlọ ihe ngosi nka == <gallery mode="packed" heights="130"> Usòrò:Otto_Pilny_-_Dancing_at_Sunset-21899604228.jpg|alt=Dancing at Sunset| ''Ịgba egwu na egwuregwu'' Usòrò:Otto_Pilny_Morning_Prayers.jpg|alt=Morning Prayers| ''Ekpere ụtụtụ'' Usòrò:Otto_Pilny_Orientalischer_Basar.jpg| ''Oriental Bazaar'' Usòrò:Otto_Pilny_Sklavenhändler.jpg|alt=Slave Dealer (1919)| ''Onye na-ere ohu''(1919) </gallery> == Ntụaka == {{Commons category|Otto Pilny}}<div class="reflist"> na nwunye ma nweta nwa amaala Switzerland. Ihe ngosi mbụ ya bụ na 1900. Mgbe ọ nọ n'Ijipt, ọrụ ya masịrị ndị ọchịchị <references responsive="1"></references> </div> 6kj0g57bqgngmdsx64zu7880xkksnmq 0 48287 644111 172976 2026-05-30T16:03:07Z Mirah50 16972 Fixed reference errors 644111 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}  '''Tayo Aina''' (amụrụ Disemba 9,1992) bụ onye YouTuber [[Ndị Naijiria|Naijiria]], onye na-ese foto, na onye okike ọdịnaya njem amara maka ọdịnaya ya nke na-abanye n'ime ndụ, njem na omenala. <ref>{{Cite web|author=YNaija|date=2023-04-26|title=The Media Blog: Tayo Aina is Doing Real Magic With Travel Blogging » YNaija|url=https://ynaija.com/the-media-blog-tayo-aina-is-doing-real-magic-with-travel-blogging/|accessdate=2023-12-24|work=YNaija|language=en-GB}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|date=2023-05-23|title=Meet the Nigerian YouTuber bringing a positive lens to African stories|url=https://restofworld.org/2023/meet-tayo-aina/|accessdate=2023-12-24|work=Rest of World|language=en-US}}</ref> Dị ka nke 2023, o nwere ihe karịrị 700 puku ndị debanyere aha na ọwa YouTube ya. <ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-02-22|title=How I started making YouTube videos – Tayo Aina|url=https://dailytrust.com/how-i-started-making-youtube-videos-tayo-aina/|accessdate=2023-12-24|work=Daily Trust|language=en-GB}}</ref> Ọ bụ onye mmeri na Future Awards Africa 2022 maka imepụta ọdịnaya <ref name=":0" /> <ref name=":1" /> == Ndụ mmalite na agụmakwụkwọ == Amụrụ ma zụlite na [[Ikeja]], [[Ȯra Lagos|Lagos State]], Nigeria, Tayo Aina gara Ifako International Secondary School tupu ya enweta nzere bachelọ na [[Mahadum Federal nke Nkà na ụzụ, Akure|Federal University of Technology Akure]] . == YouTube na ihe nkiri == Aina bụ onye okike ọdịnaya nke sitere na ike nke [[Lagos]] na enweghị ihe nnọchianya dijitalụ ya, mere mgbanwe na ikpo okwu YouTube. Aina nwetara nlebara anya na nnabata nke butere mmezu ya nke Nrite Ọdịnihu nke Africa 2022 Prize for Content Creation. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web|author=Edeme|first=Victoria|date=2022-02-20|title=Full list: Tems, Bimbo Ademoye win at The Future Awards Africa 2022|url=https://punchng.com/full-list-tems-bimbo-ademoye-win-at-the-future-awards-africa-2022/|accessdate=2023-12-24|work=Punch Newspapers|language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFEdeme2022">Edeme, Victoria (2022-02-20). </cite></ref> <ref name=":0">{{Cite news|title=See who win for The Future Awards 2022|work=BBC News Pidgin|url=https://www.bbc.com/pidgin/tori-60454375|accessdate=2023-12-24}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://www.bbc.com/pidgin/tori-60454375 "See who win for The Future Awards 2022"]. </cite></ref> Akara TECNO kwetara njem Aina. <ref>{{Cite web|date=2023-01-20|title=Tecno spotlights successes of Tayo Aina, Medlin Boss, Dammy Twitch|url=https://dailypost.ng/2023/01/20/tecno-spotlights-successes-of-tayo-aina-medlin-boss-dammy-twitch/|accessdate=2023-12-24|work=Daily Post Nigeria|language=en-US}}</ref> Akụkọ Aina adọtala mmekorita ya na ndị nka dịka [[Adekunle Gold]] <ref>{{Cite web|author=Tv|first=Bn|date=2023-09-15|title=Watch: Let Tayo Aina Take You on a VIP Tour with Adekunle Gold in London|url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2023/09/tayo-aina-spends-24-hours-with-adekunle-gold/|accessdate=2023-12-24|work=BellaNaija|language=en-US}}</ref> na [[Davido]] . === UNDP (United Nations Development Programme) === Aina jikọrọ aka na akwụkwọ akụkọ na-ekwu maka ọgbaghara ndị Boko Haram na mpaghara ugwu. Vidiyo a na-akọwapụta mbọ UNDP maka mgbanwe dị mma, enwetala ihe karịrị nde 1 na YouTube. == Ihe nrite na nkwanye ugwu == {| class="wikitable" |+ !Afọ ! '''Ihe nrite''' ! '''Otu''' ! '''Nsonaazụ''' ! '''Ref.''' |- | 2022 | Ọdịnihu Awards Africa | Okike ọdịnaya | meriri | <ref name=":1">{{Cite web|author=Edeme|first=Victoria|date=2022-02-20|title=Full list: Tems, Bimbo Ademoye win at The Future Awards Africa 2022|url=https://punchng.com/full-list-tems-bimbo-ademoye-win-at-the-future-awards-africa-2022/|accessdate=2023-12-24|work=Punch Newspapers|language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFEdeme2022">Edeme, Victoria (2022-02-20). </cite></ref> <ref name=":0">{{Cite news|title=See who win for The Future Awards 2022|work=BBC News Pidgin|url=https://www.bbc.com/pidgin/tori-60454375|accessdate=2023-12-24}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://www.bbc.com/pidgin/tori-60454375 "See who win for The Future Awards 2022"]. </cite></ref> |- | rowspan="2" | 2023 | Ihe nrite mgbasa ozi | Onye okike ọdịnaya YouTube kacha mma | Ahọpụtara | |- | Trend Up Awards | Ike nke YouTube | Ahọpụtara | |} == Ntụaka == na enweghị ihe nnọchianya dijitalụ ya, mere mgbanwe na ikpo okwu YouTube. Aina nwetara nlebara{{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] cbtjn7z9tbbhmfr7j4hzc2pbd04y7vr 0 48458 644606 176128 2026-05-31T10:47:40Z ~2026-32314-82 62081 Fixed reference errors 644606 wikitext text/x-wiki   Talmadge Davis (1962–2005) bụ onye omenkà Cherokee, onye nchacha isiokwu ihe mere eme na agha n'ime okike okike ya nke ukwuu. == Nkeonwe == Talmadge Davis ozi May 30, 1962. Nne na nna ya bụ Robert Lee Davis na Patricia (Horton) Davis, nke Porum, Oklahoma .  Talmadge nwere ike 2 ndị iro, James W. Davis na Bobby R. Davis Sr. Nne nne ya bụ onye omenala Cherokee zuru oke na midwife, Sallie Toney Davis (1895–1988), nnukwu nwa nwa Sequoyah .  [1] Mgbe e ịhụ na ndụ, Talmadge sere ihe osise nke nne nne ya, Sallie Toney Davis, Quiet Dignity: My nne nne. Ọ jere ozi na US Army site na 1983 ruo 1987 na Germany. Ọ nwụrụ na Nọvemba 3, 2005, nke Aortic Aneurysm wee lie ya na Fort Gibson Oklahoma National Cemetery.  </link> == Art ọrụ na nsọpụrụ == Talmadge nyere aha nna ukwu Artist site na ụlọ ihe ngosi nka ise nke Civilized Tribes na Muskogee, Oklahoma ma nyekwa ya Medal of Honor Cherokee maka inye aka weta omenala Cherokee n'ihu nsogbu. Ọtụtụ n'ime ọrụ nka ya ihe ngosi nke isiokwu ndị agha, nke sitere na ọrụ nke ya na ndị agha.  akwụkwọ ndị agha United States dị na West Point nyere ya ihe ndị osise maka ike ịbụ abụọ nke ntọala ha.  [1] Ihe osise ya, Walkabout-A Warrior's Spirit na-egosi onye ndị ihe mere eme, Billy Walkabout, igwe zuru oke nke Cherokee bụ onye mgbasa mma nke India na-achọ mma nke Agha Vietnam .  Otu n'ime ihe ọrụ ya a ma ama bụ Brothers Gone mana Echefughị ​​ya, ihe osise acrylic sitere na 2000, nke nwoke na-eru újú n'oche nkwagharị na- ፈለገ agha Vietnam aka na ihe oyiyi dara mbà n'  obi nwere ike ịhụ na echiche.  Na dafa a, Talmadge na-ese aha onye ọ là n'ime ụmụ amaala America 238 nwụrụ na Agha Vietnam <ref name="power">Power, Susan C. ''Art of the Cherokee: Prehistory to Present.'' Athens, Georgia: University of Georgia Press, 2007: 197-8. {{ISBN|978-0-8203-2766-2}}.</ref> Ụlọ Davis bụ nke ihe ngosi njem nke ihe ngosi na National Museum of American Indian na Washington DC.  O ima ma na enweta ihe nrite mgbe niile na Cherokee Heritage Center, Tulsa Indian Festival, Wichita Indian Market, na Southwest Classic Art Show <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20110708030818/http://cherokeeheritagecenter.blogspot.com/2005/11/in-memory-of-cherokee-artist-talmadge.html "In Memory of Cherokee Artist Talmadge Davis."] ''Cherokee Heritage Center''. 7 Nov 2005 (retrieved 7 April 2009)</ref> == Ihe ndetu == {{Reflist}} == Ntụaka == * Conley, Robert. [https://books.google.com/books?id=oUNc49jXdjoC&dq=%22Redbird+Smith%22&pg=PA193 "Dawes Commission na Redbird Smith."] ''Mba Cherokee: Akụkọ.'' Albuquerque: Mahadum New Mexico Press, 2005: 193–199. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-0-8263-3235-6|978-0-8263-3235-6]] . le2cz18sxoeh227fkohkwdihsy6eaev 0 48470 643968 632430 2026-05-30T12:30:46Z Philip Emeka 16124 fixed reference errors 643968 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}  '''Tracey "Africa" Norman''', aka '''Tracey Africa''', bụ ihe ngosi ejiji nke America, na ihe nlereanya mbụ nke [[Ndị Afụrịka ǹkè Amerịka|African-American]] trans nwanyi iji nweta ama ama na ụlọ ọrụ ejiji. <ref name="NYM">{{Cite news|url=https://nymag.com/thecut/2015/12/tracey-africa-transgender-model-c-v-r.html?mid=nymag_press|title=The First Black Trans Model Had Her Face on a Box of Clairol|author=Yuan, Jada|date=December 14, 2015|work=[[New York (magazine)|New York]]}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thefashionspot.com/runway-news/712717-strut-premiere-party/|title=Strut Premier Party: 5 Things We Learned|date=2016-09-13|work=theFashionSpot|accessdate=2019-12-16}}</ref> N'ịbụ nke sitere na Newark, [[Nú Jezị|New Jersey]], Norman emepụtala ma sere foto maka akwụkwọ ndị dị ka ''Essence'', ''Vogue Italia'' na ''Harper's Bazaar'' India. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://nymag.com/thecut/2015/12/susan-taylor-tracey-africa.html|title=Susan Taylor Says She Wouldn't Have Outed Tracey Africa|author=Yuan|first=Jada|date=27 December 2015|work=The Cut|accessdate=2016-03-11}}</ref> Norman nwekwara mkpuchi akwụkwọ akụkọ na akụkọ ndụ gbasara na ''New York Magazine'' . == Ndụ mbido == Tracey Norman mụrụ na Newark, New Jersey na 1952. Norman kwuru na ọ bụ nwanyị site n'oge ọ bụ nwata, mana o nweghị ihe nlereanya ọ bụla na-ele anya dị ka nwata, na-ekwu na "M na-enwe mmetụta mgbe niile n'ime, ebe ọ bụ na m nwere ike icheta, na m bụ nwanyị." <ref name="Queer Newark Oral History Project">{{Cite web|title=Tracey Africa Norman Interview|url=https://queer.newark.rutgers.edu/sites/default/files/transcript/2016-10-31%20Tracey%20Africa%20Norman%20interviewed%20by%20Naomi%20Extra.pdf|work=Queer Newark Oral History Project|publisher=Queer Newark Oral History Project|accessdate=2 December 2023}}</ref> Mgbe ọ bụ nwata, ọ na-amụ ụmụ nwanyị na ndụ ya, dị ka ndị nkuzi ya na ndị ezinụlọ ya nwanyị, iji mụta àgwà nwanyị. Ọ bụ nwa ihere na nke dị jụụ, ma bụrụ onye mbụ n'ime ezinụlọ ya gụsịrị akwụkwọ sekọndrị. <ref name="Queer Newark Oral History Project" /> Mgbe Norman dị obere, otu n'ime ndị agbata obi ya tọrọ ya mmetọ mmekọahụ, na nke mbụ ya nwetara ahụmahụ nke ịbụ onye a na-akpọ fag. <ref name="Queer Newark Oral History Project" /> Mgbe e mesịrị, n'ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị o kwuru na ya na ndị agbata obi abụọ bụ ndị bi na ụlọ ya na-enwe mmekọahụ. <ref name="Queer Newark Oral History Project" /> N'ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị, ya na ezinụlọ ya lanarịrị 1967 Newark Riots, ma na-echeta ịhụ tankị ndị agha na-agbada n'okporo ámá ebe ya na ezinụlọ ya bi, bụ nke dị na mpaghara Weequahic nke ndị Juu na-emekarị. <ref name="Queer Newark Oral History Project" /> Ọ gara Clinton Place Junior High. Norman na-ebikarị nne ya na-etolite, mana afọ ole na ole na ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị, ya na nna ya biri, nke ọ na-amasịghị. Mgbe ọ gachara ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị, ọ laghachiri na nne ya ma ọ nweghị mmekọrịta ya na nna ya ruo mgbe e mesịrị na ndụ ya. <ref name="Queer Newark Oral History Project" /> Mgbe ọ nọ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị nke obere, onye nkuzi nka ya, onye ọ kpọnyere arụsị, gosipụtara ya na ụlọ ihe nkiri, wee zute onye na-eme ihe nkiri Pearl Bailey. <ref name="Queer Newark Oral History Project" /> Nne ya na nna ya bụ ndị ọkachamara na-agba agba, ndị mụrụ ya zutere ebe a na-agba bọọlụ na Newark. <ref name="Queer Newark Oral History Project" /> Ha na-akpọrọ ya na nwanne ya nwanyị na-agba bọọlụ mgbe ha bụ ụmụaka. Nne na nna ya rụrụ ọrụ dị iche iche mgbe Norman na-etolite, nne ya mechara nweta ọrụ na County Food Stamp Department, ebe ọ rụrụ ọrụ ruo afọ 25. N'oge okpomọkụ, Norman ga-eleta ezinụlọ ya na [[Nort Kárólínạ|North Carolina]]. N'ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị, ọ gara North Tech, ma mụta ka e si arụ ọrụ na ụgbọ ala, mana nke a bụ ahụmahụ mmụta dị iche iche. <ref name="Queer Newark Oral History Project" /> Mmasị ya na ụgbọ ala etolitela n'oge ọ bụ nwata, mgbe ọ na-anya ụgbọ ala nna nna ya. N'ụbọchị ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị na 1972, ọ pụtara na nne dị ka nwanyị, nne ya na-akwado ya nke ukwuu, na-egosi ya "ịhụnanya na-enweghị atụ." <ref name="Queer Newark Oral History Project" /> Nke a bụ oge dị ezigbo mkpa na ndụ Norman. == Ọrụ == === Mmalite === Ná mmalite 1970, afọ abụọ ka ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ sekọndrị, Norman gbara ọsọ na enyi ochie nke tụrụ aro ka ọ bụrụ ihe nlereanya, ọ malitere ime ihe ngosi na mpaghara Newark, na-arụ ọrụ na Al Grundy, onye bụ onye na-ese etemeete, na nwanne Grundy., onye bụ onye na-emepụta ejiji. Ya na ụmụ agbọghọ ndị ọzọ ga na-eme njem na-arịgo na mgbada paseeji nke ụlọ Grundy ka ha mụta ka esi aga ije na runway. <ref name="Queer Newark Oral History Project" /> N'ime afọ ole na ole, Norman rụrụ ọrụ dị ka ihe nlereanya na mpaghara Newark na New York, ọ ga-agakwa na ihe ngosi ejiji nke ụdị ndị a ma ama, na-amụta ọtụtụ ihe banyere ịmegharị ihe n'oge ahụ. <ref name="Queer Newark Oral History Project" /> Ọ ga-eji ụkwụ na-agba ọsọ n'ụzọ ụgbọ elu ya nke ukwuu n'ihi na ọ na-eji nwayọọ nwayọọ na-agba agba, ma ọ mụtara ngwa ngwa. Iji banye na ihe ngosi ejiji, ọ ga-agwa ndị mmadụ na ya bụ nwa akwụkwọ na Ụlọ Ọrụ Nkà na Ụzụ Ejiji na New York City. <ref name="Queer Newark Oral History Project" /> Na 1975, a chọtara Norman mgbe ọ banyere n'ime ihe ngosi foto na onye na-ese foto ejiji Irving Penn, bụ onye sere ya maka ''Italian Vogue'' . <ref name="NYM" />{{Cite news|url=https://nymag.com/thecut/2015/12/tracey-africa-transgender-model-c-v-r.html?mid=nymag_press|title=The First Black Trans Model Had Her Face on a Box of Clairol|author=Yuan, Jada|date=December 14, 2015|work=[[New York (magazine)|New York]]}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFYuan,_JadaWong,_Aaron2015">Yuan, Jada; Wong, Aaron (December 14, 2015). </cite></ref> Akpọghị ya ka ọ bụrụ foto foto ahụ, mana ọ gbagoro n'ìgwè nke ụdị wee hụ na onye na-ese foto ama ama bụ Irving Penn na-agba ya ajụjụ ọnụ. N'oge na-adịghị anya, ọ nwetara ọrụ mbụ ya, bụ nke a ma ama, ka ọ na-arụ ọrụ na Italian Vogue, na-enweta 1,500 dollar kwa ụbọchị. <ref name="Queer Newark Oral History Project" /> Ọ ngwa ngwa ghọrọ ihe nlereanya a ma ama, ma nwee ọrụ na mba niile. N'oge a, ọ rụkwara ọrụ na ihe ngosi ejiji na Newark Symphony Hall. Norman rụkwara ọrụ maka Irving Penn, bụ onye kwalitere ọrụ nlegharị anya ya, a na-akwụkwa ya ụgwọ dị ka "Beverly Johnson na-eto eto," nke mere ka ọ bụrụ onye a ma ama na ụlọ ọrụ ahụ. Norman n'oge a nwere ezigbo ọrụ ịwe ihe nke ọma, na-arụ ọrụ na ebe ndị dị ka Chicago, New York, Las Vegas, na Miami; nke a gụnyere mgbasa ozi ntutu na imepụta katalọgụ. <ref name="Queer Newark Oral History Project" /> Ọ kwagara New York ka ọ gaa n'ihu n'ọrụ ya, afọ abụọ ka e mesịrị, ọ pụtara na igbe nke Clairol's "Born Beautiful" agba ntutu No. 512, Dark Auburn. <ref name="NYM" /> Ọ bụ transgender mana debere nke ahụ n'okpuru mkpuchi, wee nweta nkwekọrịta pụrụ iche na Avon, maka ahịrị nlekọta anụ ahụ. <ref name="NYM" /> N'ihe dị ka n'oge a, ka ọ na-etolite na-eto eto, ọ malitere ichegbu onwe ya na a ga-ekpughe ụdị ọmụmụ ya. Ọ na-ahọrọkarị ịrụ ọrụ na ụdị ọcha, ma ọ chọghị ịrụ ọrụ maka Essence, mana ọ mere n'ihi na ọ chọrọ ịnweta mkpuchi akwụkwọ akụkọ mbụ ya. <ref name="Queer Newark Oral History Project" /> Na 1980, mgbe ọ na-ese foto na magazin ''Essence'', ebe ọ na-eme ka ọ dị ka Cleopatra, onye na-enyere aka na ntutu isi ya, [[André Douglas]], chọpụtara banyere okike ọmụmụ ya wee gwa onye nchịkọta akụkọ, Susan Taylor, bụ onye nọkwa na set. O kwuru na ọ na-enwe mmetụta na-adịghị mma n'oge onye enyemaka ahụ gosipụtara okike ya, mana ozugbo ahụ Susan gwara ya na ihe niile dị mma. <ref name="Queer Newark Oral History Project" /> N'agbanyeghị nke a, ọ nweghị ike nweta ọrụ ozugbo n'ụbọchị ka ọ gachara. N'ihi iwe ahụ na n'ihi na ọha mmadụ anabataghị ya, e bipụtaghị foto ya na ọ nweghị ụlọ ọrụ ga-eso ya rụọ ọrụ ọzọ. Ọ gara ịhụ onye nnọchi anya ya Zoli, o wee mee ihe ngọpụ maka ịgba ya ọkụ, na-ekwu na úkwù ya buru ibu, n'agbanyeghị na ọ bụ nha 6. <ref name="Queer Newark Oral History Project" /> Ọrụ ya kwụsịrị ozugbo, ma ọ gbalịsiri ike ịchọta ọrụ, Essence akwụghịkwa ya ụgwọ maka foto ndị ha sere n'ụbọchị ahụ. <ref name="Queer Newark Oral History Project" /> Ọ laghachiri n'ụlọ nne ya na Newark. Norman rụrụ ọrụ ngosi Newark mpaghara ruo oge ụfọdụ, na n'oge a, o kpebiri ịkwaga Paris na ndị enyi abụọ bụ ndị bụkwa ụdị. Ya na ndị enyi ya ndị ọzọ na-eme ihe ngosi dara ogbenye n'oge a, ma na-adabere n'ụzọ ego na ibe ha, na-atụgharị n'aka iji kwụọ ụgwọ ụlọ. <ref name="Queer Newark Oral History Project" /> Enweghị ọtụtụ ọrụ n'ihi na ya na enyi ya Sherry erutela Paris n'oge ezumike. Ha gbalịsiri ike inweta nri, na-erikwa Sanwichi ndị e ji achịcha, fries French, na mọstad mee. <ref name="Queer Newark Oral History Project" /> Ọ nwetara ọrụ na Obí dị na Paris, ebe ya na ụdị abụọ ndị ọzọ rụrụ dị ka Supremes. <ref name="Queer Newark Oral History Project" /> Mgbe ọ na-arụ ọrụ na Obí, ọ na-eme n'oge oriri na ọṅụṅụ ndị mmekọ nwoke na nwanyị a na-akpọ egwu tii, na-arụ ọrụ n'akụkụ nwanyị gba ọtọ na-agba ịnyịnya. <ref name="Queer Newark Oral History Project" /> Mgbe e mesịrị, na Paris o nwere ike ịbanye nkwekọrịta ọnwa 6 na Balenciaga . Ozugbo nkwekọrịta ahụ kwụsịrị, Norman chọtara enweghị ọrụ na Milan wee laghachi New York ebe ọ bịanyere aka na Grace del Marco Agency. Ụlọ ọrụ a enyeghị ya ọtụtụ ọrụ na Norman anabatala na ọrụ ịme ngosi ya agwụla. Ọ kwụsịrị ịrụ ọrụ na Show Center, ebe ọ rụrụ na ihe ngosi peep burlesque maka ụmụ nwanyị trans. Kemgbe ọ nọ na-arụsi ọrụ ike n'ime obodo ịdọrọ bọọlụ wee weba ya n'ụlọ nzukọ ama ama na 2001. <ref>{{Cite web|date=2015-12-15|title=The First Black Trans Model Had Her Face on a Box of Clairol|url=http://www.thecut.com/2015/12/tracey-africa-transgender-model-c-v-r.html|accessdate=2021-01-26|work=The Cut|language=en}}</ref> Na mmalite nke ọrụ ịgba bọọlụ ya, ọ dị ya ka a nabataghị ya, mgbe ọ ga-aga bọọlụ na 1970 na New York. <ref name="Queer Newark Oral History Project" /> Ọ bụ onye ama ama karịa na ebe egwuregwu bọọlụ New Jersey. N'ọgwụgwụ 1980 na 1990, ọ na-asọ mpi na bọọlụ iji nweta ihe nrite maka ihe ndị dị ka uwe kacha mma, ọ na-enwetakwa nlebara anya nke ukwuu n'ihi njem nlereanya ya. <ref name="Queer Newark Oral History Project" /> Ọ na-arụ ọrụ na Ballroom house "House of Africa," malite na 1990, na nke a bụ ebe ọ nwetara aha etiti ya "Africa," na-arụ ọrụ na New York na Brooklyn n'okpuru aha a. <ref name="Queer Newark Oral History Project" /> Nkeji ọ meriri bụ nnukwu ihe nrite ihu, ahụ na runway. <ref name="Queer Newark Oral History Project" /> Ọ na-enwe mmetụta dị ukwuu n'ihe nkiri bọọlụ n'ihi nka ọ na-eme ihe ngosi, ndị ọzọ na-agbalịkwa ịmụta ije ije ka ya. Norman kwukwara na ọ bụ onye a ma ama n'ihi na ọ bụ otu n'ime ndị na-asọmpi bọọlụ nwere akpụkpọ ahụ gbara ọchịchịrị, nke mere ka ọ pụta ìhè. <ref name="Queer Newark Oral History Project" /> E mechara họpụta ya dị ka "nne" nke Ụlọ nke Africa, ma nọrọkwa n'ọkwá a afọ abụọ ma ọ bụ atọ. <ref name="Queer Newark Oral History Project" /> Norman nwere nnọọ nkà nke na ọ nwetara ihe nrite sitere n'ụlọ ebe a na-eme egwuregwu, ma e wezụga LeBaija. <ref name="Queer Newark Oral History Project" /> Ọ nwetala iko bọọlụ na New York, New Jersey, Baltimore, Washington, na Atlanta. <ref name="Queer Newark Oral History Project" /> === Mweghachi ọrụ === == Ndụ onwe onye == Norman na-ekwu na mmetụta nke ịdị iche na-alaghachi azụ ruo na ọ nwere ike icheta. Na a cover akụkọ maka ''New York Magazine'' o kwuru "ọ dị nnọọ ka m na-ebi ndụ na-ezighị ezi ahu. M na-enwe mmetụta mgbe nile [[Nwanyi|nwanyị]] ." <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://www.thecut.com/2015/12/tracey-africa-transgender-model-c-v-r.html?mid=twitter_cut|title=The First Black Trans Model Had Her Face on a Box of Clairol|date=15 December 2015}}</ref><blockquote>“A na-amatakarị m dị ka nwanyị. Ọ bụ ''New York'' mag na ''London Times'' na ''Marie Claire'' tinyere okwu trans wee tinye ya n'aha m. Aghọtara m mgbasa ozi maka ya na mmasị ọ na-akụ, mana m mere ka nke ahụ pụta ìhè n'ajụjụ ọnụ ọ bụla nke m na-achọpụtaghị dị ka trans. Enweghị m nsogbu na ndị mmadụ na-eji ya. Naanị m na-ekwu nke ahụ n'onwe m, achọpụtabeghị m na okwu trans ma ọ bụ ịbụ trans. Echere m, n'ihi na oge dị iche. N̄konyụn̄ n̄kokpon n̄kpere mme erenowo. Naanị ụmụ nwanyị gbara m gburugburu. Ahụrụ m ka ha na-akparịta ụka, na-akparịta ụka, ka ha na-eje ije, ka ha si nọdụ ala. Ọbụlagodi mmasị nwanyị nke nwanyị masịrị m nke ahụ bụ ihe m chọrọ ịbụ. <ref name=":1" />></blockquote>Nye Norman ndụ ya n'ụlọ yana ụlọ akwụkwọ adịghịrị ya mfe. O nwere nna nke na-alụ ọrịa kansa ọgụ na otu ezinụlọ ọ na-atụ ụjọ ịpụta. Ọ bụ ezie na ụjọ tụrụ ya ịgwa ezinụlọ ya, obi ruru ya ala mgbe nne ya gbatịpụrụ aka ya maka nnukwu mmakọ—o chere na ọ nọ n’ụlọ. <ref name="NYM" /> Nne ya kwetara na ya amabuola. <ref name=":0" /> Mgbe ọ pụtakwuru ezinụlọ ya, ọ chọrọ ịmalite mgbanwe mana nke ahụ abụghị usoro dị mfe. <ref name=":0" /> O kwuwo na ya na-echeta ịzụrụ uwe mbụ ya na ụlọ ahịa ngalaba S. Klein, bụ nke na-acha akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ na-ebipụta floral. Ọ na-eyi nha 16, emesia tụfuo nnukwu ibu. <ref name="Queer Newark Oral History Project" />{{Cite web|title=Tracey Africa Norman Interview|url=https://queer.newark.rutgers.edu/sites/default/files/transcript/2016-10-31%20Tracey%20Africa%20Norman%20interviewed%20by%20Naomi%20Extra.pdf|work=Queer Newark Oral History Project|publisher=Queer Newark Oral History Project|accessdate=2 December 2023}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://queer.newark.rutgers.edu/sites/default/files/transcript/2016-10-31%20Tracey%20Africa%20Norman%20interviewed%20by%20Naomi%20Extra.pdf "Tracey Africa Norman Interview"] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. </cite></ref> Ka ọ na-aga n'ihu na mgbanwe ya, ọ malitere inwe ụdị ejiji siri ike, na-enwe mmasị karịsịa maka akpụkpọ ụkwụ ụdị mule. <ref name="Queer Newark Oral History Project" /> Afọ ole na ole n'ime mgbanwe ya, Norman gbara ọsọ banye n'otu nwa klas ya ochie bụ onye nweworo otu mgbanwe ahụ. <ref name=":0" /> Nke a bụ mgbe ọ mụtara na ya nwere ike ịṅụ ọgwụ mgbochi afọ, na-enweghị placebo, ka ọ bụrụ nwanyị ọ na-abụ mgbe niile. <ref name=":0" /> N'oge na-adịghị anya, ọ malitere ịga trans clubs na nke a bụ ebe ọ hụrụ a dọkịta mere n'okpuru-the-table hormone gbaa. <ref name=":0" /> Ogbugba ndị a bụ ihe nyere ya ahụ nwanyị, ara ya tolitere wee malite ifelata. <ref name=":0" /> Ịmata njirimara nwanyị ya were obere oge karịa ka ọ pụtara pụta. Ọ bụ ezie na otu afọ zuru ezu ka ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ ka ọ dị ya ka ọ ga-agafe dị ka nwanyị n'ehihie n'ihu ọha. <ref name=":0" /> Mgbe ọ gafechara, ọ malitere iso ndị enyi ya dị ka Le Joc na Murphy gaa ụlọ mmanya Newark na klọb. <ref name="Queer Newark Oral History Project" /> Le Joc bụ onye ama ama n'etiti ụdị, Norman zutere ọtụtụ ụdị ama ama n'ebe ahụ. Otú ọ dị, ọ hụghị ya n'anya ịga n'ụlọ mmanya, n'ihi na ọ bụ ndị nwoke na-edina ụdị onwe, ọ dịghịkwa eche na a nabatara ya, na-eche na a na-akparị onye ọ bụ dị ka nwanyị. <ref name="Queer Newark Oral History Project" /> N'ajụjụ ọnụ 2021 ya na pọdkastị ''LGBTQ&amp;amp;A'', Norman kwuru na ya amataghị dị ka nwanyị transgender, kama ọ bụ naanị nwanyị. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web|date=2021-02-02|title=Tracey 'Africa' Norman Looks Back on Her Legendary Modeling Career|url=https://www.advocate.com/transgender/2021/1/27/transgender-tracey-africa-norman-clairol-model|accessdate=2021-02-09|work=www.advocate.com|language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://www.advocate.com/transgender/2021/1/27/transgender-tracey-africa-norman-clairol-model "Tracey 'Africa' Norman Looks Back on Her Legendary Modeling Career"]. </cite></ref> Ọ bụ mgbasa ozi etinyela okwu ahụ "transgender" dị ka njirimara ya. Ọ na-akọwapụta dị ka nwanyị, ma na-enwekarị, na-ekwupụta na "transgender pụtara ọha mmadụ na-etinye gị n'ụdị." <ref name="Queer Newark Oral History Project" /> Norman ekwuola na ya bụ onye hụrụ anụmanụ n'anya, ma hụ nkịta n'anya. <ref name="Queer Newark Oral History Project" /> Ọ naghịkwa aṅụ mmanya ma ọ bụ aṅụ sịga, na-ejigide ndụ dị nro. <ref name="Queer Newark Oral History Project" /> == Ọgụgụ ọzọ == * Akụkọ akụkọ dị na ihe ngosi ''Pose'' sitere na ihe atụ nke ịjụ Tracey Norman nwetara site na ''Playboy'' na ''The Oprah Winfrey Show .'' <ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-09-14|title=Tracey Africa, Model 'Pose's Angel Is Based On, Rejected by 'Playboy'|url=https://www.out.com/transgender/2019/9/14/tracey-africa-model-poses-angel-based-rejected-playboy|accessdate=2021-09-10|work=www.out.com|language=en}}</ref> * Laverne Cox na-asọpụrụ Tracey Africa yana ụmụ nwanyị ojii ndị ọzọ, dị ka Tina Turner na [[Beyoncé Knowles|Beyoncé]], na mbipụta October 2016 nke akwụkwọ akụkọ ''Cosmopolitan'' . <ref>{{Cite web|author=Mosely|first=Rachel|date=2016-09-06|title=See Laverne Cox Pay Tribute to 3 Icons|url=https://www.cosmopolitan.com/entertainment/celebs/a63605/laverne-cox-role-models-beyonce-tina-turner/|accessdate=2021-09-10|work=Cosmopolitan|language=en-US}}</ref> * ''Oji n'akụkụ abụọ: Akụkọ agbụrụ agbụrụ nke Trans Identity'' nke C. Riley Snorton (Mahadum nke Minnesota Press, 2017) * Carol Jenkins nọdụrụ ala na Tracey Norman maka Black America na 2016 iji kparịta ọrụ mmalite ya yana ịmaliteghachi ya. == Ntụaka == <references /> [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] kuci1ptsljjlkxyaju1lcxe4egdnsaw 0 48508 643980 173319 2026-05-30T12:49:11Z Adimora chidinma 15845 Fixed reference error 643980 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Usòrò:Portrait_of_Samuel_Daniell_(1775-1836).png|thumb| Eserese nke nwanne ya nwoke, William Daniell sere]] [[Usòrò:Daniell_Quagga.jpg|thumb| "The Quaka" ( Aquatint, 1804)]] [[Usòrò:Daniell_Boosh_Wanna_Hut.jpg|thumb| "A Boosh-Wannah Hut" (1804) (Bechuana Hut)]] '''Samuel Daniell''' (1775 &#x2013; 16 Disemba 1811) bụ onye Britain na-ese ihe gbasara akụkọ okike na ihe nkiri ndị ọzọ na Africa na Ceylon .<ref name="dnb">{{cite DNB|no-icon=1|prescript=|url=https://archive.org/stream/dictionaryofnati14stepuoft#page/33/mode/1up|title=Daniell, Samuel}}</ref> Ọ gara Cape Colony nke mbụ na 1799. == Ndụ == Ma eleghị anya, a maara Daniell nke ọma dị ka onye na-ese ihe a họpụtara maka njem 1799-1802 na South Africa na nsụgharị o mere n'ebe ahụ nke anụmanụ ndị Africa. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Samuel Daniell – African scenery and animals, 1804–1805|url=http://www.sil.si.edu/imagegalaxy/imagegalaxy_imageDetail.cfm?id_image=10848|publisher=Smithsonian Institution Libraries|work=Galaxy of Images|year=2017}}</ref> A mụrụ ya ma zụlite ya na Chertsey . Na December 1799 ọ gara [[South Africa]] na nke mbụ ya. <ref name="WDL" /> Ihe osise ndị o mere na ndịda Africa, gụnyere njem na Bechuanaland, bụ nwanne ya nwoke bụ William Daniell na London bipụtara. N'oge njem na Bechuanaland, a kpọrọ Daniell onye odeakwụkwọ na onye na-ese ihe maka njem ahụ. Njem ahụ si Cape of Good Hope gaa Bechuanaland. <ref name="WDL" /> Ọ laghachiri na England site na njem ahụ wee soro ụmụnne ya William Daniell na Thomas Daniell, ''African Scenery and Animals,'' bipụta ya na 1804. <ref name="dnb" /> <ref name="WDL" /> Daniell mechara biri na Sri Lanka, bụ́ mgbe ahụ a na-akpọ Ceylon, malite n'afọ 1806 ruo 1811, mgbe ahụ́ ọkụ okpomọkụ nwụrụ ya. <ref name="WDL">{{Cite web|url=http://www.wdl.org/en/item/4323/|title=Sketches Representing the Native Tribes, Animals, and Scenery of Southern Africa: From Drawings Made by the Late Mr. Samuel Daniell|work=[[World Digital Library]]|year=1820|accessdate=6 July 2013}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[http://www.wdl.org/en/item/4323/ "Sketches Representing the Native Tribes, Animals, and Scenery of Southern Africa: From Drawings Made by the Late Mr. Samuel Daniell"]. ''[[Ọbá akwụkwọ dijitalụ ụwa|World Digital Library]]''. 1820<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 July</span> 2013</span>.</cite></ref> <ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=5y42AAAAMAAJ&dq=%22Samuel+Daniell&pg=PA17 Catalogue of drawings by British artists and artists of foreign origin, pg 17]</ref> Nwanne ya nwoke William bipụtara iri na abụọ n'ime ihe osise ya na 1806, nke nwere aha: ''Ihe Nlereanya Ihe Nlereanya, Anụmanụ na Ndị Native Bi na Ceylon'' . Mgbe Samuel Daniell nwụsịrị, e bipụtara ihe osise ndị ọzọ dabere na eserese ya: Na 1820, lithographs iri anọ na asatọ akpọrọ ''Sketches Representing the Native Tribes and Scenery of Southern Africa'', na na 1832, ''isiokwu iri abụọ dị iche iche nke ebo Antelopes'' . <gallery widths="170px" heights="150px"> Usòrò:Samuel_Daniell_-_Kora-Khokhoi_preparing_to_move_-_1805.jpg|Korah-Khoikhoi dismantling their huts, preparing to move to new pastures. Aquatint 1805. Usòrò:Daniell_Hottentot.jpg|A Hottentot, a Hottentot Woman,<br /><br />a Kaffre, a Kaffre Woman,<br /><br />Aquatint 1805 Usòrò:Sameul_Daniell_-_Khoisan_besig_om_sprinkane_te_braai_-_1804.jpg|Khoisan busy barbecuing grasshoppers<br /><br />Aquatint 1804 Usòrò:Daniell_Trekboer.jpg|Trekboer making a camp<br /><br />Aquatint c.1804 Usòrò:Booshuna_women_manufacturing_earthen_ware.jpg|Booshuana women manufacturing earthen ware 1805 Usòrò:Bushmen_Hottentots_armed_for_an_expedition.png|Bushmen Hottentots armed for an expedition 1804 </gallery> == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} == Ọgụgụ ọzọ == * Sutton, Thomas. ''The Daniells: ndị na-ese ihe na ndị njem'' (Bodley Head, 1954). == Njikọ mpụga == {{Commons category}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20081016055642/http://www.southafricaholiday.org.uk/culture/fp_samuel_daniell.htm Samuel Daniell], (Ezumike South Africa) rj8r4tugqu4zx4y73u0x4nxqmysbqyg 0 48526 644583 173338 2026-05-31T09:12:59Z ~2026-32314-82 62081 Fixed reference errors 644583 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|image=file:SymoneDSandersTownsend.jpg|party=[[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]]}} {{Databox}}'''Symone D. Sanders-Townsend''' (amụrụ Disemba 10, 1989) <ref name="Leibovich" /> <ref>{{Cite web|title=Sunday's birthdays|url=http://politi.co/2BZbnQR|accessdate=December 2, 2020|work=POLITICO|date=December 10, 2017|language=en}}</ref> bụ onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị America na onye nkọwa ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na-anabata MSNBC 's ''The Weekend'' ugbu a. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye ode akwụkwọ mgbasa ozi mba maka mgbasa ozi onye isi ala Bernie Sanders 2016 . Ọ hapụrụ mkpọsa ahụ na mberede na njedebe June 2016, na-ekwu na "a hapụghị ya na ịhapụ mgbasa ozi ahụ bụ mkpebi ya." <ref>{{Cite news|author=Joyce|first=Andrew|url=http://fusion.net/story/319109/symone-sanders-quits-sanders-campaign|title=Symone Sanders Quits As National Press Secretary for Bernie Sanders|work=Fusion|date=June 26, 2016|accessdate=October 25, 2016}}</ref> N'October 2016, a goro ya dị ka onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Democratic strategist na onye nkọwa ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị site na CNN . <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://symonedsanders.com/about|title=BIO – Symone D. Sanders|work=Symonedsanders.com|accessdate=October 25, 2016|archivedate=October 25, 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161025235644/http://symonedsanders.com/about/}}</ref> N'April 2019, Sanders sonyeere mkpọsa onye isi ala 2020 nke onye bụbu osote onye isi ala Joe Biden dị ka onye ndụmọdụ dị elu, <ref name="Ebony">{{Cite news|author=Floyd|first=Jessica A.|url=https://www.ebony.com/news/black-staff-matters-behind-the-scenes-biden-2020-team/|title=Black Staff Matters: Behind the Scenes with the Biden 2020 Team|work=[[Ebony (magazine)|Ebony]]|date=May 22, 2019|accessdate=May 24, 2019}}</ref> <ref name="HuffPost">{{Cite news|url=https://www.huffpost.com/entry/symone-sanders-joe-biden-campaign_n_5cc2141ce4b031dc07efc3f4|title=Ex-Bernie Sanders Press Secretary Joins Biden's Campaign As Senior Adviser|work=HuffPost|date=April 25, 2019|accessdate=May 18, 2019}}</ref> na mgbe Biden meriri ntuli aka, a họpụtara ya onye isi ọnụ na-ekwuchitere na onye ndụmọdụ onye isi maka osote onye isi ala Kamala Harris . <ref>{{Cite news|author=Linskey|first=Annie|title=Biden hires all-female senior communications team, names Neera Tanden director of OMB|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/biden-hires-all-female-senior-communications-team/2020/11/29/5b60b58e-3277-11eb-a997-1f4c53d2a747_story.html|accessdate=November 30, 2020|work=[[The Washington Post]]|date=November 29, 2020}}</ref> Na Disemba 2, 2021, Sanders kwupụtara arụkwaghịm ya na White House ịlaghachi na mgbasa ozi. <ref>{{Cite news|author=Wright|first=Jasmine|url=https://www.cnn.com/2021/12/01/politics/symone-sanders-leaving-white-house-harris/index.html|title=Symone Sanders, Harris' chief spokesperson, to leave White House|work=[[CNN]]|date=2021-12-02|accessdate=2021-12-02}}</ref> == Ndụ mmalite na agụmakwụkwọ == A zụlitere Sanders na North Omaha, Nebraska . <ref name="Sanderford">{{Cite news|author=Sanderford|first=Aaron|title=Omaha's Symone Sanders will be chief spokeswoman for VP-elect Kamala Harris|url=https://omaha.com/news/local/govt-and-politics/omahas-symone-sanders-will-be-chief-spokeswoman-for-vp-elect-kamala-harris/article_0c8e95f0-b6fc-51b3-983a-593bc7d9c2e3.html|accessdate=November 30, 2020|work=Omaha World-Herald|date=November 29, 2020|language=en}}</ref> Nna ya, Daniel Sanders, lara ezumike nka na US Army Corps of Engineers . <ref name="O">{{Cite news|url=http://www.omaha.com/news/politics/creighton-grad-symone-sanders-brings-trademark-energy-to-role-as/article_1683e000-ed83-51e9-a231-c7b910040f80.html|title=Creighton grad Symone Sanders brings trademark energy to role as Bernie Sanders' press secretary|author=Tysver, Robynn|work=Omaha.com|accessdate=October 25, 2016}}</ref> Nne ya, Terri Sanders, bụ onye bụbu onye bipụtara ''Omaha Star'' na onye bụbu onye isi nchịkwa maka Great Plains Black History Museum . <ref name="Sanderford" /> <ref name="O" /> Ọ gara ụlọ akwụkwọ Katọlik dị nsọ. <ref name="npt_030420" /> Mgbe ọ bụ nwata, Sanders chọrọ itolite iji kwado ihe ngosi telivishọn nke ya. Ọ na-agagharị n'ụlọ ahụ na-eme ihe dị ka Donna Burns, onye na-ele ihe nkiri telivishọn nwere echiche. <ref name="Leibovich">{{Cite news|author=Leibovich|first=Mark|title=Symone Sanders Bet on Biden, and Herself|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/07/03/us/politics/symone-sanders-joe-biden.html|accessdate=2023-08-03|work=[[The New York Times]]|language=en|date=July 3, 2020}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFLeibovich2020">Leibovich, Mark (July 3, 2020). <span class="id-lock-limited" title="Free access subject to limited trial, subscription normally required">[https://www.nytimes.com/2020/07/03/us/politics/symone-sanders-joe-biden.html "Symone Sanders Bet on Biden, and Herself"]</span>. ''[[Akwụkwọ akụkọ New York Times|The New York Times]]''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20201203064355/https://www.nytimes.com/2020/07/03/us/politics/symone-sanders-joe-biden.html Archived] from the original on December 3, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 3,</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> == Ọrụ == Sanders rụrụ ọrụ na ụlọ ọrụ nkwukọrịta nke onye bụbu Mayor Omaha Jim Suttle, ọ bụkwa osote onye isi nkwukọrịta maka onye ndoro-ndoro ochichi gọvanọ Democratic Chuck Hassebrook na 2014. <ref name="owh_101619" /> <ref name="npt_030420">{{Cite news|title='We just saw what was happening and jumped in': Omaha's Symone Sanders on that protester takedown|url=https://nptelegraph.com/townnews/politics/we-just-saw-what-was-happening-and-jumped-in-omaha/article_dad8b8e4-2d2c-5cd2-97ef-9ab08b707606.html|accessdate=October 23, 2020|work=The North Platte Telegraph|date=March 4, 2020}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://nptelegraph.com/townnews/politics/we-just-saw-what-was-happening-and-jumped-in-omaha/article_dad8b8e4-2d2c-5cd2-97ef-9ab08b707606.html "'We just saw what was happening and jumped in': Omaha's Symone Sanders on that protester takedown"]. ''The North Platte Telegraph''. March 4, 2020. [https://web.archive.org/web/20201026164923/https://nptelegraph.com/townnews/politics/we-just-saw-what-was-happening-and-jumped-in-omaha/article_dad8b8e4-2d2c-5cd2-97ef-9ab08b707606.html Archived] from the original on October 26, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 23,</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> N'August 2015, Sanders sonyeere Bernie Sanders 2016 mkpọsa onye isi ala dịka odeakwụkwọ mgbasa ozi mba. <ref name="owh_101619">{{Cite news|author=Tysver|first=Robynn|title=Creighton grad Symone Sanders brings trademark energy to role as Bernie Sanders' press secretary|url=https://omaha.com/state-and-regional/creighton-grad-symone-sanders-brings-trademark-energy-to-role-as-bernie-sanders-press-secretary/article_1683e000-ed83-51e9-a231-c7b910040f80.html|accessdate=October 23, 2020|work=Omaha World-Herald|date=October 16, 2019}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFTysver2019">Tysver, Robynn (October 16, 2019). [https://omaha.com/state-and-regional/creighton-grad-symone-sanders-brings-trademark-energy-to-role-as-bernie-sanders-press-secretary/article_1683e000-ed83-51e9-a231-c7b910040f80.html "Creighton grad Symone Sanders brings trademark energy to role as Bernie Sanders' press secretary"]. ''Omaha World-Herald''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20201026165205/https://omaha.com/state-and-regional/creighton-grad-symone-sanders-brings-trademark-energy-to-role-as-bernie-sanders-press-secretary/article_1683e000-ed83-51e9-a231-c7b910040f80.html Archived] from the original on October 26, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 23,</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> N'ọnwa Disemba, ''Fusion'' depụtara Sanders dịka otu n'ime ụmụ nwanyị 30 na-erubeghị afọ 30 ga-akpụzi ntuli aka 2016. <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://fusion.net/video/256901/women-who-will-change-election|title=Meet the 30 Women Who Will Change the Election|work=Fusion|accessdate=October 27, 2016}}</ref> Na June 2016, ọ kwụsịrị mkpọsa Sanders. <ref name="cnn_062716">{{Cite news|author=Landers|first=Elizabeth|title=Sanders press secretary exits campaign|url=https://www.cnn.com/2016/06/26/politics/sanders-press-secretary-exits-campaign/index.html|accessdate=October 23, 2020|work=CNN|date=June 27, 2016}}</ref> Mgbe afọ ahụ gasịrị, ọ sonyeere CNN dị ka onye nyocha na onye nkọwa, <ref name="politico_122219">{{Cite news|author=Strauss|first=Daniel|title=Why Symone Sanders Went From Bernie to Biden|url=https://www.politico.com/news/magazine/2019/12/22/symone-sanders-bernie-to-biden-088264|accessdate=October 23, 2020|work=Politico|date=December 22, 2019}}</ref> ma akwụkwọ akụkọ ''Rolling Stone'' mara ya dị ka otu n'ime ndị ntorobịa America iri na isii na-akpụzi ntuli aka 2016. == Ndụ onwe onye == Di ya bụ Shawn Townsend, <ref name="Leibovich" /> Washington DC onye bụbu " Nri abalị ". <ref>{{Cite news|author=Terris|first=Ben|title=She's chasing a Washington dream. He's the Night Mayor.|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/style/symone-sanders-kamala-harris-biden-dc-normal/2021/05/07/e1de79fe-a8ef-11eb-8d25-7b30e74923ea_story.html|work=Washington Post|accessdate=12 May 2021}}</ref> Di na nwunye a lụrụ na Fraịde, Julaị 15, 2022. <ref>[https://people.com/politics/symone-sanders-marries-shawn-townsend-surprise-dc-wedding/ ''Symone Sanders Weds Shawn Townsend in Surprise D.C. Ceremony''] ''[[People (magazine)|People]]'' Retrieved August 27, 2022</ref> Ha bi na Washington, DC <ref name="Linskey2">{{Cite news|author=Linskey|first=Annie|title=Symone Sanders, Biden's top African American aide, faces pressure from all sides|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/symone-sanders-bidens-top-african-american-aide-faces-pressure-from-all-sides/2020/07/03/3bebaa6e-b49c-11ea-aca5-ebb63d27e1ff_story.html|accessdate=November 30, 2020|work=[[The Washington Post]]|date=July 3, 2020}}</ref> == Na-arụ ọrụ == * ''Mba, Ị gbachie: Na-ekwu Eziokwu nye Ike na Iweghachite America'' . New York: Harper (2020). [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/0062942689|0062942689]] == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * Official website * Appearances on C-SPAN [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] msjhoi9fg6ti7xyff9whn58yqvl5rpu 0 48590 644586 177753 2026-05-31T09:28:47Z Vivian Amalachukwu 17172 Fixed reference error 644586 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Usòrò:Vivica A. Fox (33845756800) (cropped).jpg|thumb|Vivica A. Fox ]] '''Vivica Anjanetta Fox''' (amuru July 30, 1964) <ref name="Biography.com">{{Cite web|url=https://www.biography.com/people/vivica-a-fox-6434|title=Vivica A. Fox|work=Biography|accessdate=15 March 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180323141143/https://www.biography.com/people/vivica-a-fox-6434|archivedate=March 23, 2018}}</ref> bu onye omekorita America, onye na-emeputa ihe na onye nnabata ihe onyonyo. Fox malitere ọrụ ya na ''Soul Train'' (1982 – 1983) wee rụọ ọrụ na operas ncha telivishọn ''ụbọchị ụbọchị nke ndụ anyị'' (1988) na ''ọgbọ'' (1989 – 1992). N'oge izizi ọ gbara egwu megide Patti LaBelle na NBC sitcom ''Out All Night'' (1992 – 1993). Ọganihu Fox bịara na 1996, na-arụ ọrụ n'ime ihe nkiri igbe igbe abụọ, Roland Emmerich 's ''Independence Day'' na [[F. Gray Gray|F. Gary Gray]] 's ''Set It Off'' . Fox egosila na fim ''Booty Call'' (1997), ''Soul Food'' (1997), ''Why Do Fools Fall in Love'' (1998), ''Kingdom Come'' (2001), ''Two Can Play That Game'' (2001), na ''Boat Trip'' (2002). Ọ gbara Vernita Green na ''Kill Bill'' wee nweta ọrụ nkwado na fim dịka ''Ella Enchanted'' (2004). Ọ gbatara ọrụ ndị isi na Fox sitcom ''Getting Personal'' (1998) na ihe nkiri ahụike CBS ''City of Angels'' (2000). Site na 2003 ruo 2006, ọ jikọrọ aka wee mepụta usoro ihe nkiri ndụ mpụ ndụ, ''efu'', nke ọ nwetara NAACP Image Award maka onye na-eme ihe nkiri pụtara ìhè na usoro ihe nkiri . Fox gbara egwu na ihe karịrị 25 ''The Frong...'' ihe nkiri maka ndụ ma kpọọ Candace Mason na usoro ihe nkiri egwu Fox, ''Alaeze Ukwu'' . Ntinye aka Fox na ụlọ ọrụ ntụrụndụ karịrị ime ihe nkiri, ebe ọ na-emepụta ihe nkiri na ihe nkiri TV, nke ụfọdụ n'ime ha na-emeghị ihe nkiri. O wee mee ihe nkiri mpụ akụkọ ndụ nke 2023, ''First Lady of BMF: The Tonesa Welch Story'' . == Ndụ mbido == A mụrụ Fox na South Bend, Indiana, ada Everlyena, onye na-ahụ maka ọgwụ na William Fox, onye nchịkwa ụlọ akwụkwọ. <ref name="Biography.com" /> Ndị mụrụ ya kwagara n'ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri Benton, Michigan obere oge ka amuchara ya. Fox bụ 1982 <ref name="Biography.com" /> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=H-oCAAAAMBAJ&q=vivica+fox+1982+arlington+high+school&pg=PA142|title=Indianapolis Monthly|first=Emmis|author=Communications|date=1 September 2002|publisher=Emmis Communications|accessdate=15 March 2018}}</ref> gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Arlington High School na Indianapolis wee gụchaa na Golden West College na Huntington Beach, California, nwee akara AA na Social Sciences. <ref name="new">{{Cite web|author=Williams|first=Kam|year=2008|title=Vivica A. Fox: The Cover/Three Can Play That Game|url=http://www.kamwilliams.com/2008/05/vivica-fox-coverthree-can-play-that.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150713105347/http://www.kamwilliams.com/2008/05/vivica-fox-coverthree-can-play-that.html|archivedate=July 13, 2015|accessdate=2008-05-05|publisher=KamWilliams.com}}</ref> == Ọrụ == === – === Na 1982, Fox kwagara [[California]] ịga Golden West College . <ref name="new" /> Mgbe ọ nọ na California, ọ bụ onye ịgba egwu na ''Soul Train'' site na 1983 ruo 1984, ma pụtakwara na vidiyo egwu maka R&B otu Klymaxx 's hit single, " Nkọkọ na Ụlọ Ladies ". Mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, ọ malitere ime ọrụ ọkachamara, nke mbụ na NBC ehihie ncha opera ''Days of Our Lives'' na 1988, na-egwu Carmen Silva. Na-esochi mpụta ihe nkiri ya na ihe nkiri nkiri agha nke Oliver Stone ''Amụrụ na nke anọ nke Julaị'' (1989), na-arụ ọrụ nke onye na-enwe mmekọahụ, <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.allmovie.com/artist/vivica-a-fox-p137994|title=Vivica A. Fox – Biography, Movie Highlights and Photos – AllMovie|author=Rebecca Flint Marx|work=AllMovie|accessdate=17 January 2016}}</ref> a tụbara ya dị ka Emily Franklin na ihe nkiri pilot nke usoro ihe nkiri ABC, ''Living Dolls.'', a spin-off nke sitcom ''onye bụ onyeisi?'' mana ejiri Halle Berry dochie ya maka akụkụ ndị fọdụrụ. Mgbe afọ ahụ gasịrị, a tụbara Fox dị ka Maya Reubens, onye isi agwa na NBC opera soap opera ''Generations'' . Usoro a mebiri ala ọhụrụ dị ka opera ncha mbụ gosipụtara ezinụlọ ndị America America site na mmalite ya. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.slate.com/blogs/browbeat/2015/03/19/before_empire_s_cookie_vs_anika_there_was_generations_doreen_vs_maya.html|title=Before 'Empire''s Cookie vs. Anika, there was 'Generations'' Doreen vs. Maya|author=Derreck Johnson|date=19 March 2015|work=Slate Magazine|accessdate=17 January 2016}}</ref> Na mmalite 1990s, Fox malitere ịpụta na telivishọn oge mbụ, na-egwu ọrụ ndị ọbịa na-arụ ọrụ na ''The Fresh Prince of Bel-Air'', ''Beverly Hills, 90210'', ''Family Matters'', ''Matlock ,'' na ''Martin'' . Na 1992, a tụbara ya dị ka ada Patti LaBelle onye na-emepụta ejiji, Charisse Chamberlain, na NBC sitcom ''Out All Night'' . Na mgbakwunye na ọrụ a, ọ laghachiri na operas ncha, na-arụ ọrụ Dr. Stephanie Simmons na CBS' ''The Young and the Restless site'' na 1994 ruo 1995. N'afọ 1995, o nwekwara ọrụ dị egwu na ihe nkiri na-atọ ọchị ''Don't Be a Meace to South Central mgbe ị na-aṅụ ihe ọṅụṅụ gị na Hood'' . <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/dont_be_a_menace/|title=Don't Be a Menace to South Central While Drinking Your Juice in The Hood|work=[[Rotten Tomatoes]]|date=1 January 1996|accessdate=17 January 2016}}</ref> === – === [[Usòrò:Viveca_A._Fox_1998.jpg|thumb| Fox na 1998]] N'afọ 1996, Fox gbara enyi nwanyị Will Smith, Jasmine Dubrow, na akụkọ ifo sayensị akụkọ ifo ọdachi blockbuster ''Independence Day'', nke Roland Emmerich duziri. Ihe nkiri ahụ nwetara ihe karịrị nde $800 n'ụwa niile. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=independenceday.htm|title=Independence Day (1996) – Box Office Mojo|accessdate=17 January 2016}}</ref> Fox natara MTV Movie Award for Best Kiss with Smith, ma bụrụ onye a họpụtara maka onyinye Saturn maka onye na-akwado ihe nkiri kacha mma . <ref>{{Cite web|title=MTV Movie & TV Awards: Best Kiss Winners Over the Years|url=https://www.eonline.com/photos/24761/mtv-movie-tv-awards-best-kiss-nominees-over-the-years/|accessdate=May 16, 2021|work=E! Online}}</ref> Mgbe afọ ahụ gachara, ọ gbara Francesca "Frankie" Sutton na ihe nkiri mpụ ahụ ''Set It Off'' opposite [[Jada Pinkett Smith]], [[Queen Latifah]] na Kimberly Elise . N'ịbụ onye na-eduzi [[F. Gray Gray|F. Gary Gray]], ''Set It Off'' ghọrọ ihe ịga nke ọma na igbe igbe, na-enweta ihe karịrị $ 41 nde megide mmefu ego nke $ 9 nde. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=setitoff.htm|title=Set It Off (1996) – Box Office Mojo|accessdate=17 January 2016}}</ref> Na 1997, Fox gbara egwu na ihe nkiri atọ: ''Booty Call'', ihe nkiri Columbia Pictures comedy megide Jamie Foxx ; ihe nkiri superhero ''Batman &amp;amp; Robin'' ; <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/1077027-batman_and_robin/|title=Batman & Robin|work=[[Rotten Tomatoes]]|date=20 June 1997|accessdate=17 January 2016}}</ref> na 20th Century Fox ihe nkiri egwu egwu egwu egwu ''nke mkpụrụ obi nri'' . <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/soul_food/|title=Soul Food|work=[[Rotten Tomatoes]]|date=26 September 1997|accessdate=17 January 2016}}</ref> Nke ikpeazụ bụ nnukwu ihe ịga nke ọma n'ọfịs igbe. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=soulfood.htm|title=Soul Food (1997) – Box Office Mojo|accessdate=17 January 2016}}</ref> Maka ọrụ ya, Fox nwetara ihe nrite NAACP mbụ ya maka onye na-eme ihe nkiri pụtara ìhè na nhọpụta onyonyo onyonyo, na MTV Movie Award for Best Performance . <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://variety.com/1998/film/news/naacp-image-nods-to-soul-food-touched-1117468335/|title=NAACP Image nods to 'Soul Food,' 'Touched'|author=Tim Gray|date=March 3, 1998|work=Variety|accessdate=June 17, 2016}}</ref> == Ebe e si eme ihe ==   N'oge ọrụ ya, Fox pụtara na ihe nkiri ihe ngosi 250, ihe nkiri emere maka telivishọn, na usoro telivishọn. Ọ mepụtara ihe karịrị 40 atụmatụ na ihe nkiri telivishọn. Ọ malitere ọrụ ya na-apụta mgbe niile na operas operas ''Days of Our Lives'' (1988), ''Generations'' (1989-1991), na ''The Young and the restless'' (1994-1995), na sitcom ''Out All Night'' (1992-1993). <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.soapcentral.com/young-and-restless/news/2021/0706-vivica-a-fox-recalls-life-changing-moment-that-took-her-away-from-the-young-and-the-restless.php|title=Vivica A. Fox recalls life-changing moment that took her away from The Young and the Restless|work=soapcentral.com}}</ref> Nnukwu ezumike ya bịara na 1996 site na ọrụ na igbe igbe – ụlọ ọrụ kụrụ ''ụbọchị nnwere onwe'' wee ''tọọ ya'' . Ọ natara MTV Movie Award for Best Breakthrough Performance and Saturn Award for Best Support Actress nominations for ''Independence Day'' . Ọ natakwara nhọpụta maka itoolu NAACP Image Awards, gụnyere ugboro atọ na otu onye na-eme ihe nkiri pụtara ìhè na eserese ngosi maka ''nri mkpụrụ obi'', ''Abụọ nwere ike igwu egwuregwu ahụ'' na ''Juwanna Mann'' . Maka iduzi ihe nkiri ihe nkiri mpụ akụkọ ndụ 2023, ''First Lady of BMF: The Tonesa Welch Story'', Fox nwetara NAACP Image Award nomination maka ntụzịaka pụtara ìhè na ihe nkiri Television ma ọ bụ pụrụ iche. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://variety.com/2024/film/news/naacp-image-award-nominations-2024-1235887287/|title=Colman Domingo, Ayo Edebiri, Victoria Monét and Usher Lead NAACP Image Award Nominations|first=Angelique|author=Jackson|date=January 25, 2024}}</ref>   == Ekele == (1998) na ihe nkiri ahụike CBS City of Angels (2000). Site na 2003 ruo 2006, ọ jikọrọ aka wee mepụta usoro ihe nkiri ndụ mpụ ndụ, efu, nke ọ nwetara NAACP Image Award maka onye na-eme ihe nkiri pụtara ìhè na usoro ihe nkiri . Fox gbara egwu na ihe karịrị 25 The Frong... ihe nkiri maka ndụ ma kpọọ Candace Mason na usoro ihe nkiri {| class="wikitable sortable" !Year !Awards !Category !Recipient !Outcome |- | rowspan="4" |1997 | rowspan="2" |MTV Movie Awards |MTV Movie Award for Best Kiss shared with Will Smith |"Independence Day" | {{Won}} |- |MTV Movie Award for Best Breakthrough Performance |"Vivica A. Fox" | {{Nom}} |- |Syfy |Universe Reader's Choice Award for Best Supporting Actress in a Genre Motion Picture |"Vivica A. Fox" | {{Won}} |- |Saturn Awards |Saturn Award for Best Supporting Actress |"Independence Day" | {{Nom}} |- | rowspan="3" |1998 |MTV Movie Awards |MTV Movie Award for Best Female Performance |"Soul Food" | {{Nom}} |- |American Black Film Festival |Acapulco Black Film Festival Award for Best Actress |"Vivica A. Fox" | {{Won}} |- |NAACP Image Award |NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Actress in a Motion Picture |"Vivica A. Fox" | {{Nom}} |- |1999 |NAACP Image Award |NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Actress in a Comedy Series |"Getting Personal" | {{Nom}} |- | rowspan="3" |2002 |BET Awards |BET Award for Best Actress |"Vivica A. Fox" | {{Nom}} |- |NAACP Image Award |NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Motion Picture |"Kingdom Come" | {{Nom}} |- |Black Reel Award |Black Reel Award for Best Actress |"Two Can Play That Game" | {{Nom}} |- | rowspan="2" |2004 |BET Awards |BET Award for Best Actress | rowspan="2" |"Kill Bill: Volume 1" | {{Nom}} |- |Black Reel Awards |Black Reel Award for Best Supporting Actress | {{Nom}} |- | rowspan="2" |2005 |Black Reel Awards |Black Reel Award for Outstanding Independent Film |"Motives" | {{Nom}} |- | rowspan="2" |NAACP Image Award | rowspan="2" |NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Actress in a Drama Series | rowspan="2" |"1-800-Missing" | {{Nom}} |- |2006 | {{Won}} |- |2008 |NAACP Image Award |NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Comedy Series |"Curb Your Enthusiasm" | {{Nom}} |- |2016 |CinemaCon |CinemaCon Award for Best Ensemble |"Independence Day: Resurgence" | {{Won}} |- |2022 |Orlando Film Festival |Best Lead Actress |"Bobcat Moretti" | {{Nom}} |- |2024 |NAACP Image Award |Outstanding Directing in a Television Movie or Special |"First Lady of BMF: The Tonesa Welch Story" | {{Nom}} |} == Ntụaka == e mepụta usoro ihe nkiri ndụ mpụ [[Oge ndụ (netwọọdụ TV)|ndụ]], ''[[Na-efu efu (usoro ihe onyonyo Canada)|efu]]'', nke ọ nwetara [[Ihe nrite onyonyo NAACP maka onye na-eme ihe nkiri pụtara ìhè na usoro ihe nkiri|NAACP Image Award maka onye na-eme ihe nkiri pụtara ìhè na usoro ihe nkiri]] . Fox gbara egwu na ihe karịrị 25 ''[[Ihe ọjọọ... (usoro ihe nkiri)|The Frong...]]'' ihe nkiri maka ndụ ma kpọọ Candace Mason na usoro ihe nkiri{{Reflist|30em}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] fwpb6qrx5ma3isl2jx2nxzho0haiuag 0 48631 644291 400448 2026-05-30T20:24:21Z Wikipedian12512(alt) 61413 ce 644291 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Fola Evans-Akingbola''' ( {{Audio|Yo-Fola Evans Akingbola.ogg|Listen}} / ˈɑːk iːn ˈboʊlɑː / ) bụ onye omere Britain . A maara ya maka ọrụ dị ka Maddie Bishop na usoro Freeform ''Siren'' na onye nnọchi anya ọrụ nzuzo America Chelsea Arington na usoro Netflix 2023 ''The Night Agent'' . kredit ndị ọzọ gụnyere ''Youngers'' (2014), ''Holby City'' (2014), ''Ọnwụ na Paradaịs'' (2016), ''[[Game of Thrones|Egwuregwu nke ocheeze]]'' (2016), ''Black Mirror'', ihe omume " Striking Vipers " (2019), na ''Percent iri'' (2022). == Ndụ mmalite na agụmakwụkwọ == A mụrụ Evans-Akingbola na [[London]], nye nne onye ọkà mmụta ihe gbasara mmadụ nke Bekee, Gillian Evans, [lower-alpha 1] na nna onye egwu Naijiria bụ Sola Akingbola (nke otu Jamiroquai ). A zụlitere ya na Bermondsey,<ref name="af">{{Cite web|url=http://www.afridiziak.com/interviews/fola-evans-akingbola/|title=Fola Evans-Akingbola – interview, Death in Paradise and Game Of Thrones|work=afridiziak.com|date=27 September 2020}}</ref> wee gụọ akwụkwọ na Alleyn's School na Dulwich, gụsịrị akwụkwọ na 2012. <ref name="all">{{Cite web|title=Fola Evans-Akingbola (Tulley's 2012) in The Night Agent|work=Alleyn's School|date=2 May 2023|url=https://www.alleyns.org.uk/alumni-development/news-events/news-detail/~board/alumni-and-development/post/fola-evans-akingbola-tulleys-2012-is-cast-in-new-action-thriller-the-night-agent|accessdate=27 June 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230627062404/https://www.alleyns.org.uk/alumni-development/news-events/news-detail/~board/alumni-and-development/post/fola-evans-akingbola-tulleys-2012-is-cast-in-new-action-thriller-the-night-agent|archivedate=27 June 2023}}</ref> Ọ nwetara ọzụzụ ime ihe na National Youth Theatre, <ref name="af" /> mana kwụsịrị mgbe ọ dị afọ 12 itinye uche na ọrụ ụlọ akwụkwọ ya. <ref name="af" /> O mechara malite ọzụzụ onye na-eme ihe nkiri na Ụlọ Akwụkwọ Identity of Acting . <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.identityschoolofacting.com/alumni/|title=Identity School of Acting Alumni|work=identityschoolofacting.com|date=22 September 2019}}</ref> == Ọrụ == Tupu ọ rụọ ọrụ ọkachamara, Evans-Akingbola rụrụ ọrụ dị ka ihe nlereanya. <ref name="HuffUK" /> Ekele izizi mbụ ya bụ maka usoro BBC ''Younger'' (2014) na ''Holby City'' (2014). <ref name="ibt" /> Mgbe ọ pụtara na usoro nke atọ BBC, ''Ọnwụ na Paradaịs'', <ref name="ibt" /> Evans-Akingbola tụbara na usoro HBO na-ewu ewu ''[[Game of Thrones]]'', <ref name="van" /> dị ka nwunye nke abụọ (akpọghị aha) Khal Moro n'oge oge 6 na 2016. <ref name="HuffUK">{{Cite web|url=https://m.huffingtonpost.co.uk/roger-crow/the-dawn-of-new-talent-a-_b_11192482.html?|title=A Chat with Game of Thrones' Fola Evans-Akingbola|work=Huffington Post UK|publisher=Verizon Media|date=27 July 2016|author=Crow|first=Roger}}</ref> == Ihe nkiri == Evans, [lower-alpha 1] na nna onye egwu Naijiria bụ Sola Akingbola (nke otu Jamiroquai ). A zụlitere ya na Bermondsey {| class="wikitable" !Year !Title !Role !Notes |- |2014 |''Youngers'' |Reanne (uncredited) |Episode: Links |- |2014 |''Holby City'' |Amaani Qalanjo |Episode: True Colours <ref name="ibt">{{Cite web|url=https://www.ibtimes.com/freeforms-siren-tv-show-premiere-heres-how-you-know-cast-2667288|title=Freeform's 'Siren' TV Show Premiere: Here's How You Know The Cast|author=Ellenbogen|first=Rachael|date=29 March 2018|work=International Business Times|publisher=IBTimes LLC}}</ref> |- |2016 |''Death in Paradise'' |Rosey Fabrice |Episodes: Flames of Love, Dishing Up Murder, Lost Identity, Posing in Murder <ref name="ibt" /> |- |2016 |''[[Game of Thrones]]'' |Moro's Wife #2 |Episodes: Book of the Stranger and The Red Woman<ref name="all">{{Cite web|title=Fola Evans-Akingbola (Tulley's 2012) in The Night Agent|work=Alleyn's School|date=2 May 2023|url=https://www.alleyns.org.uk/alumni-development/news-events/news-detail/~board/alumni-and-development/post/fola-evans-akingbola-tulleys-2012-is-cast-in-new-action-thriller-the-night-agent|accessdate=27 June 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230627062404/https://www.alleyns.org.uk/alumni-development/news-events/news-detail/~board/alumni-and-development/post/fola-evans-akingbola-tulleys-2012-is-cast-in-new-action-thriller-the-night-agent|archivedate=27 June 2023}}</ref> |- |2016 |''Dawn'' |Pakalan |TV movie |- |2017 |''An American Exorcism'' |Angelica |Film <ref name="ibt" /> |- |2017 |''Assassin's Creed: Origins'' |Voice Talent (voice, as Fola Akingbola) |(Video Game)<ref name="van">{{Cite web|url=https://vancouverweekly.com/grandmas-80th-surprise-how-a-mixed-race-relationship-leads-to-familial-problems-69576-2/|title=Preview: "Grandma's 80th Surprise" – how a mixed-race relationship leads to familial problems|author=Ziyadeh|first=Murad|work=Vancouver Weekly|date=18 January 2020|archivedate=22 April 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200422172341/https://vancouverweekly.com/grandmas-80th-surprise-how-a-mixed-race-relationship-leads-to-familial-problems-69576-2/}}</ref> |- |2018–2020 |''Siren'' |Maddie Bishop |TV series <ref name="van" /> |- |2018 |''VS.'' |Makayla |Film |- |2019 |''Black Mirror'' |Mariella |Episode: Striking Vipers<ref name="van" /> |- |2022 |''Ten Percent'' |Zoe Spencer |TV series regular <ref name="all" /> |- |2023 |''The Night Agent'' |Chelsea Arrington |TV series regular <ref name="all" /> |} == Ntụaka == [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 6e0402nq9g64b46wzzi4drwugc8v2i9 0 48875 643964 173787 2026-05-30T12:18:14Z Philip Emeka 16124 fixed reference errors 643964 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Tunde''' / ( / ˈtʊnd eɪ​ ˌ oʊ jə ˈneɪn / ) [ 1 <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s2o3-Gk0RUU&t=38s|title=Tunde Oyeneyin Talks About Grief|publisher=Experience Camps|date=February 18, 2021|accessdate=May 10, 2022}}</ref> bụ onye omenkà etemeete America na onye nkuzi ịgba ígwè Peloton . Oyeneyn bụ onye Naijiria wee tolite na Katy, Texas . <ref name="Sorto">{{Cite news|author=Sorto|first=Catherine|title=Meet Houston native and Peloton instructor, Tunde Oyeneyin, a powerhouse on the bike|url=https://www.click2houston.com/houston-life/2020/12/03/meet-houston-native-and-peloton-instructor-tunde-oyeneyin-a-powerhouse-on-the-bike/|accessdate=5 January 2021|work=KPRC|date=23 December 2020|language=en}}</ref> Ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Taylor High School na 2004. <ref name="Sorto" /> <ref name="Chron">{{Cite news|title=Getting the ultimate graduation gift|url=https://www.chron.com/neighborhood/article/Getting-the-ultimate-graduation-gift-9754939.php|accessdate=5 January 2021|work=Chron|date=2 June 2004}}</ref> N'ịbụ onye tolitere, ọ na-agbasi mbọ ike na ibu ya na-abụkarị nwa agbọghọ kachasị na klas ya. <ref name="Abrahamson">{{Cite news|author=Abrahamson|first=Rachel Paula|title=From 200 pounds to a star trainer: How this Peloton instructor focused on health|url=https://www.today.com/health/peloton-instructor-tunde-oyeneyin-shares-weight-loss-journey-t190126|accessdate=5 January 2021|work=TODAY.com|date=24 August 2020|language=en}}</ref> N'agbanyeghị na ọ zutere ndị nkuzi ndị ọzọ na mbụ, <ref name="how">{{Cite news|title=How Tunde Oyeneyin Overcame Self-Doubt and Body Struggles to Become a Peloton Phenomenon|url=https://www.shape.com/celebrities/interviews/tunde-oyeneyin-journey-peloton-phenomenon|accessdate=1 October 2021|work=Shape|date=29 March 2021}}</ref> Oyeneyn a na-eweghachite iji nwalee Peloton na Instagram site na Cody Rigsby ; o chere na mbụ na ọ bụ aghụghọ ruo mgbe ọ hụrụ akara nlele na-acha anụnụ anụnụ. Ọ gafere nnwale nke mbụ, mana Rigsby gbara ya ume ka ọ nwaa ọzọ, na-ebute ọnọdụ na ụlọ ọrụ ahụ. <ref name="Bryant">{{cite magazine |last1=Bryant |first1=Kenzie |title="There's an Intimacy to What We Do": How Peloton Became Must-Watch TV in 2020 |url=https://www.vanityfair.com/style/2020/12/how-peloton-became-must-watch-tv-in-2020 |access-date=5 January 2021 |magazine=Vanity Fair |date=17 December 2020 |language=en-us}}</ref> Na June nke 2020, ya na onye nkuzi ibe ya, Chelsea Jackson Roberts, jikọrọ aka na klas nkeji iri atọ a na-akpọ "Speak Up" na nzaghachi maka omume Black Lives Matter na-esochi ogbugbu nke [[George Floyd]] na Ahmaud Arbery, agbapụ nke Breonna Taylor na ndị ọzọ. . <ref name="Rosman">{{Cite news|author=Rosman|first=Katherine|title=Yoga, SoulCycle and Peloton Face Truths About How Black Lives Matter|url=https://nyti.ms/30EI7fz|accessdate=5 January 2021|work=The New York Times|date=23 July 2020}}</ref> N'igosi nhota sitere na ndị ọrụ ibe Black Peloton na egwu sitere n'aka ndị nka ojii, elelela klas ahụ ugboro 110,000 ka ọ na-erule ngwụsị Julaị. <ref name="Rosman" /> A makwaara ya maka iyi uwe ya dabara na usoro ihe nkiri Peloton, gụnyere uwe nwere isiokwu sitere na ọdịdị [[Beyoncé Knowles|Beyoncé]] na 2013 Grammys . <ref name="Wasilak">{{Cite news|author=Wasilak|first=Sarah|title=The Peloton Instructors Share Their Beyoncé Series Outfits — Get Ready to Fall Crazy in Love|url=https://www.popsugar.com/fitness/peloton-beyonce-classes-instructor-outfits-48002559?stream_view=1#photo-48002608|accessdate=6 January 2021|work=POPSUGAR Fitness|date=24 November 2020}}</ref> Na Disemba 2020 ka ekwuputara Oyeneyin dị ka otu n'ime ndị nkuzi na-esonye na Shonda Rhimes ' Year of Yes themed Peloton classes. <ref name="Tschinkel">{{Cite news|author=Tschinkel|first=Arielle|title=Peloton Is Teaming Up with Shonda Rhimes for 8 Weeks of Self-Care and Workout Classes|url=https://www.shape.com/fitness/trends/shonda-rhimes-peloton-year-of-yes-classes|accessdate=6 January 2021|work=Shape|date=11 December 2020|language=EN}}</ref> Oyenyin bụ onye malitere otu SPEAK Movement. <ref name="robles">{{Cite news|author=Robles|first=Christofer|title=Peloton instructor Tunde Oyeneyin speaks on career, gain, loss|url=https://www.dailyprincetonian.com/article/2021/09/tunde-oyeneyin-peloton-princeton-grief-community-event|accessdate=1 October 2021|work=The Daily Princetonian|date=30 September 2021}}</ref> Tupu ọ bụrụ onye nkuzi Peloton, Oyeneyn rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye na-ese etemeete ihe karịrị afọ iri na Los Angeles. <ref name="Sorto" /> <ref name="Tschinkel2">{{Cite web|author=Tschinkel|first=Arielle|title=How Peloton Instructor Tunde Oyeneyin Takes Care of Her Skin On and Off the Bike|url=https://www.shape.com/lifestyle/beauty-style/peloton-instructor-tunde-oyeneyin-beauty-skin-care-routine|work=Shape|accessdate=17 February 2021|language=en}}</ref> Ọ pụtakwara dị ka onye asọmpi na ''Deal ma ọ bụ Enweghị Deal'' na 2009. <ref name="Shattuck">{{Cite news|author=Shattuck|first=Kathryn|title=What's On Today|url=https://archive.nytimes.com/query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage-9906E3DC163EF932A35752C0A96F9C8B63.html|accessdate=5 January 2021|work=query.nytimes.com|date=1 January 2009|language=en}}</ref> Na mgbakwunye na nkuzi ịgba ígwè, Oyeneyin bụ onye guzobere SPEAK (Surrender, Power, Empathy, Authenticity and Knowledge), usoro Instagram Live nke ezubere iji nye ndị na-eche nsogbu ihu ohere ohere. <ref name="Donnelly">{{Cite news|author=Donnelly|first=Erin|title=Peloton star Tunde Oyeneyin shares her tips for self-care and staying disciplined|url=https://ca.movies.yahoo.com/tunde-oyeneyin-peloton-instructor-self-care-weight-loss-advice-211341145.html|accessdate=5 January 2021|work=ca.movies.yahoo.com|date=7 December 2020|language=en-CA}}</ref> Na Nọvemba 2020, o kwuru gbasara ọrụ ya dị ka onye na-ese ihe etemeete na onye nkuzi ahụike dị ka ọbịa na pọdkastị ''Forever35'' . <ref>{{Cite web|title=Episode 147: Sorry For What Happened in Class with Tunde Oyeneyin|url=https://forever35podcast.com/episode-archive/episode-147-tunde-oyeneyin|work=Forever35|date=18 November 2020|accessdate=5 January 2021}}</ref> == Ntụaka == omume Black Lives Matter na-esochi ogbugbu nke George Floyd na Ahmaud Arbery, agbapụ , ya na onye nkuzi omume Black Lives Matter na-esochi ogbugbu nke George Floyd {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] o9sa4h23edk7u32bjw7aymxw1sw4rbh 0 48985 644029 173935 2026-05-30T14:03:21Z Geraldine Kene 23189 Fixed reference error 644029 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Zaraah Clover Abrahams''' (amụrụ 7 Jenụwarị 1987) bụ onye omere na onye na-ese olu bekee. A maara ya maka ọrụ ya dị ka Magda na ''Girls in Love'' site na 2003 ruo 2005, Michaela White na usoro ihe nkiri ụlọ akwụkwọ BBC nke ''Waterloo Road'' site na 2008 ruo 2010, Joanne Jackson na ITV soap opera ''Coronation Street'' site na 2005 ruo 2007 na Chelsea Fox. na BBC soap opera ''EastEnders'' site na 2020 gawa. O wee soro na usoro nke atọ nke ITV talent show ''Dancing on Ice'', ma mesịa laghachi dị ka onye na-asọ mpi maka usoro Star All na 2014. == Ndụ mbido == A mụrụ Abraham n'ụlọ ọgwụ dị na Lambeth, [[London]] nke Iraqi na agbụrụ Barbadian n'akụkụ nne ya yana agbụrụ Jamaica n'akụkụ nna ya. Ọ tolitere na Brixton, South London ma bụrụ ọkpara n'ime ụmụnne 3. <ref name="Voice" />''Mkpurụ okwu sélénsé'' Ọ gara Italy Conti Academy of Theater Arts maka agụmakwụkwọ sekọndrị ya, na-ebute ọrụ Magda na TV Adaptation nke Jacqueline Wilson 's ''Girls in Love'' mgbe ọ ka bụ nwa akwụkwọ ebe ahụ. <ref name="Voice" /> Mgbe ọ dị afọ 17, ọ hapụrụ London ka ọ rụọ ọrụ na-eme ihe na Manchester mgbe ọ rutere ọrụ Joanne Jackson na ''Coronation Street'' . <ref name="Voice" /> == Ọrụ == Abrahams na mbụ kpakpando dị ka Magda na CITV show ''Girls in Love'' nakwa dị ka Joanne Jackson na ITV ncha ''Coronation Street'' . <ref>{{Cite news|title=EastEnders casts former Coronation Street star Zaraah Abrahams as Chelsea Fox|url=https://www.radiotimes.com/news/soaps/eastenders/2020-10-15/eastenders-zaraah-abrahams-chelsea-fox/|accessdate=26 December 2020|work=[[Radio Times]]}}</ref> Na 2008, o sonyeere ndị nkedo nke ''Waterloo Road'' na-arụ ọrụ ugboro ugboro dị ka nwa akwụkwọ Michaela White . <ref>{{Cite news|title=EastEnders announces Chelsea Fox recast – Who is Zaraah Abrahams?|url=https://www.entertainmentdaily.co.uk/soaps/eastenders-announces-chelsea-fox-recast-who-is-zaraah-abrahams/|work=Entertainment Daily|accessdate=26 December 2020}}</ref> Omume ahụ ghọrọ akụkụ nke ihe nkedo isi maka usoro nke anọ na 2009 wee nọgide na ihe ngosi ahụ ruo mgbe ọ pụtara na njedebe nke usoro nke ise na 2010. <ref name="Voice">{{Cite news|author=Hudson|first=Rykesha|title=Zaraah Abrahams: Spike Lee said I could be next Halle Berry|url=https://archive.voice-online.co.uk/article/zaraah-abrahams-spike-lee-said-i-could-be-next-halle-berry|accessdate=30 July 2020|work=[[The Voice (British newspaper)|The Voice]]|date=16 May 2015}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFHudson2015">Hudson, Rykesha (16 May 2015). [https://archive.voice-online.co.uk/article/zaraah-abrahams-spike-lee-said-i-could-be-next-halle-berry "Zaraah Abrahams: Spike Lee said I could be next Halle Berry"]. ''[[The Voice (akwụkwọ akụkọ Britain)|The Voice]]''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 July</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> O mere ihe nkiri na 2013 obere ihe nkiri ''Black Girl na Paris'' na HBO nke a họpụtara maka obere ihe nkiri nke afọ, na ebe Spike Lee hụrụ ya. <ref name="Voice" /> Na 2014, Lee tụbara ya dị ka onye isi nwanyị, Ganja Hightower na ''Ganja &amp;amp; Hess'' homage ''Da Sweet Blood of Jesus'', ihe nkiri Hollywood mbụ ya. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.dreadcentral.com/news/89992/zaraah-abrahams-talks-da-sweet-blood-jesus/|title=Zaraah Abrahams Talks Da Sweet Blood of Jesus – Dread Central|work=dreadcentral.com|date=18 February 2015|accessdate=13 March 2018}}</ref> <ref name="Voice" /> Na 2015 Abrams kwagara [[New York City]] iji mee ihe nkiri telivishọn America ''The Knick'' . <ref name="Voice" /> Na 2008, Abrahams sonyere na ITV's celebrity skating series ''Dancing on Ice'', dị ka onye na-anọchi anya Michael Underwood merụrụ ahụ. Onye ya na ya na-emekọ ihe bụ skater Fred Palascak . Ụzọ abụọ ahụ gụchara n'ọnọdụ nke atọ. <ref>{{Cite news|title=EastEnders – Who are Lucas Johnson and Chelsea Fox and why are they back?|url=https://www.digitalspy.com/soaps/eastenders/a35058389/eastenders-who-are-lucas-johnson-chelsea-fox/|accessdate=26 December 2020|publisher=[[Digital Spy]]}}</ref> Na 2015, o sonyeere ihe nkedo nke usoro Cinemax ''The Knick'', ihe nkiri ahụike nke Steven Soderbergh na-eduzi, nke e debere na ụlọ ọgwụ New York na mmalite narị afọ nke 20. Ọ kọwara ọrụ Opal. <ref>{{Cite news|title='Coronation Street' Star Zaraah Abrahams Becomes The Latest Soap Star To Land A Hollywood Role|url=https://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/2015/04/01/coronation-street-zaraah-abrahams-hollywood-knick_n_6982714.html|accessdate=26 December 2020|work=[[HuffPost]]}}</ref> N'October 2020, a mara ọkwa na Abrahams ga-eweghara ọrụ Chelsea Fox na ncha BBC ''EastEnders'' . Emepụtara ihe omume mbụ ya dị ka Chelsea na Disemba 25, 2020. <ref>{{Cite news|title=EastEnders viewers enraged as Chelsea betrays Denise by reuniting with Lucas|url=https://www.mirror.co.uk/tv/tv-news/eastenders-viewers-enraged-chelsea-betrays-23221479|accessdate=26 December 2020|work=[[Daily Mirror]]}}</ref> == Ihe nkiri == {| class="wikitable sortable" !Year !Title !Role !Notes |- |2003–2005 |''Girls in Love'' |Magda |Main cast |- |2005–2007 |''Coronation Street'' |Joanne Jackson |Regular role; 214 episodes |- |2008–2010 |''Waterloo Road'' |Michaela White |Recurring (Series 3), Main cast (Series 4–5) |- |2008, 2014 |''Dancing on Ice'' |Herself |Contestant; 3rd place |- |2009 |''Hole in the Wall'' |Herself |Contestant |- |2011 |''Waterloo Road Reunited'' |Michaela White |Main cast (web series) |- |2012 |''Payback Season'' |Clarissa |Film |- |2012 |''Scott &amp;amp; Bailey'' |Daysha Kaye |1 episode |- |2012 |''Bedlam'' |Laura |Episode: "The Long Drop" |- |2013 |''Black Girl in Paris'' |Luce |Short film |- |2013–2015 |''Secret Dealers'' |Narrator |Game show (Series 4–5) |- |2014 |''Da Sweet Blood of Jesus'' |Ganja Hightower |Film |- |2014 |''Holby City'' |Alisa Cole |Episode: "Captive" |- |2015 |''The Knick'' |Opal Edwards |Main cast (Season 2) |- |2020–present |''EastEnders'' |Chelsea Fox |Regular role |- |2021 |''The Bay'' |DS Emma Ryan |2 episodes |} == Ihe nrite na nhọpụta == maka agụmakwụkwọ sekọndrị ya, na-ebute ọrụ Magda na TV Adaptation nke Jacqueline Wilson 's Girls in Love mgbe ọ ka bụ nwa akwụkwọ ebe ahụ. Mgbe ọ dị {| class="wikitable sortable" !Afọ ! Ihe nrite ! Otu ! Nsonaazụ ! class="unsortable" scope="col" | Ref. |- | 2021 | <nowiki><i id="mw9A">Inside Ncha</i></nowiki> Awards | Kachasị mma ọhụrụ| {{Nom}} | align="center" |<ref>{{Cite news|author=Alexander|first=Susannah|title=''Inside Soap'' Awards announces 2021 longlist as voting opens – here's who's up for prizes|url=https://www.digitalspy.com/soaps/coronation-street/a37769663/inside-soap-awards-2021-nominees-longlist-how-to-vote/|accessdate=28 September 2021|publisher=[[Digital Spy]]|date=28 September 2021}}</ref> |- | 2022 | 2022 British ncha ihe nrite | Onye ndu kacha mma| {{Nom}} | align="center" | <ref>{{Cite news|author=Houghton|first=Rianne|title=British Soap Awards 2022 reveals longlist for viewer categories|url=https://www.digitalspy.com/soaps/coronation-street/a39781595/british-soap-awards-2022-vote-longlist-categories/|accessdate=19 May 2022|publisher=[[Digital Spy]]|date=21 April 2022}}</ref> |- | 2022 | 27th National Television Awards | Ihe nkiri Oghere Usoro| {{Nom}} | align="center" |<ref>{{Cite news|author=Morris|first=Lauren|title=NTA 2022 longlist revealed as David Tennant and Sex Education nominated|url=https://www.radiotimes.com/tv/entertainment/ntas-2022-longlist/amp/|accessdate=23 May 2022|work=[[Radio Times]]|date=24 May 2022}}</ref> |- | 2022 | ''Inside Ncha'' Awards | Onye na-eme ihe nkiri kacha mma| {{Nom}} | align="center" |<ref>{{Cite news|author=Harp|first=Justin|title=Inside Soap Awards announces nominations and new category for 2022 event|url=https://www.digitalspy.com/soaps/coronation-street/a40642854/inside-soap-awards-2022-nominees-icon/|accessdate=19 July 2022|publisher=[[Digital Spy]]|date=18 July 2022}}</ref> |- | 2022 | Digital Spy Reader Awards | Onye na-eme ncha kacha mma (Nwanyị)| {{draw|Second}} | align="center" |<ref>{{Cite web|author=Rowan|first=Iona|url=https://www.digitalspy.com/soaps/a42219438/reader-awards-soap-winners-2022/|title=EastEnders wins big at the Digital Spy Reader Awards 2022|publisher=[[Digital Spy]]|date=27 December 2022}}</ref> |} == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * {{IMDb name}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 996ot1qepqj63cfr7m3nek5ok0aywj3 644030 644029 2026-05-30T14:03:22Z KiranBOT 25138 removed AMP tracking from URLs ([[:m:User:KiranBOT/AMP|details]]) ([[User talk:Usernamekiran|report error]]) v2.2.9s 644030 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Zaraah Clover Abrahams''' (amụrụ 7 Jenụwarị 1987) bụ onye omere na onye na-ese olu bekee. A maara ya maka ọrụ ya dị ka Magda na ''Girls in Love'' site na 2003 ruo 2005, Michaela White na usoro ihe nkiri ụlọ akwụkwọ BBC nke ''Waterloo Road'' site na 2008 ruo 2010, Joanne Jackson na ITV soap opera ''Coronation Street'' site na 2005 ruo 2007 na Chelsea Fox. na BBC soap opera ''EastEnders'' site na 2020 gawa. O wee soro na usoro nke atọ nke ITV talent show ''Dancing on Ice'', ma mesịa laghachi dị ka onye na-asọ mpi maka usoro Star All na 2014. == Ndụ mbido == A mụrụ Abraham n'ụlọ ọgwụ dị na Lambeth, [[London]] nke Iraqi na agbụrụ Barbadian n'akụkụ nne ya yana agbụrụ Jamaica n'akụkụ nna ya. Ọ tolitere na Brixton, South London ma bụrụ ọkpara n'ime ụmụnne 3. <ref name="Voice" />''Mkpurụ okwu sélénsé'' Ọ gara Italy Conti Academy of Theater Arts maka agụmakwụkwọ sekọndrị ya, na-ebute ọrụ Magda na TV Adaptation nke Jacqueline Wilson 's ''Girls in Love'' mgbe ọ ka bụ nwa akwụkwọ ebe ahụ. <ref name="Voice" /> Mgbe ọ dị afọ 17, ọ hapụrụ London ka ọ rụọ ọrụ na-eme ihe na Manchester mgbe ọ rutere ọrụ Joanne Jackson na ''Coronation Street'' . <ref name="Voice" /> == Ọrụ == Abrahams na mbụ kpakpando dị ka Magda na CITV show ''Girls in Love'' nakwa dị ka Joanne Jackson na ITV ncha ''Coronation Street'' . <ref>{{Cite news|title=EastEnders casts former Coronation Street star Zaraah Abrahams as Chelsea Fox|url=https://www.radiotimes.com/news/soaps/eastenders/2020-10-15/eastenders-zaraah-abrahams-chelsea-fox/|accessdate=26 December 2020|work=[[Radio Times]]}}</ref> Na 2008, o sonyeere ndị nkedo nke ''Waterloo Road'' na-arụ ọrụ ugboro ugboro dị ka nwa akwụkwọ Michaela White . <ref>{{Cite news|title=EastEnders announces Chelsea Fox recast – Who is Zaraah Abrahams?|url=https://www.entertainmentdaily.co.uk/soaps/eastenders-announces-chelsea-fox-recast-who-is-zaraah-abrahams/|work=Entertainment Daily|accessdate=26 December 2020}}</ref> Omume ahụ ghọrọ akụkụ nke ihe nkedo isi maka usoro nke anọ na 2009 wee nọgide na ihe ngosi ahụ ruo mgbe ọ pụtara na njedebe nke usoro nke ise na 2010. <ref name="Voice">{{Cite news|author=Hudson|first=Rykesha|title=Zaraah Abrahams: Spike Lee said I could be next Halle Berry|url=https://archive.voice-online.co.uk/article/zaraah-abrahams-spike-lee-said-i-could-be-next-halle-berry|accessdate=30 July 2020|work=[[The Voice (British newspaper)|The Voice]]|date=16 May 2015}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFHudson2015">Hudson, Rykesha (16 May 2015). [https://archive.voice-online.co.uk/article/zaraah-abrahams-spike-lee-said-i-could-be-next-halle-berry "Zaraah Abrahams: Spike Lee said I could be next Halle Berry"]. ''[[The Voice (akwụkwọ akụkọ Britain)|The Voice]]''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 July</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> O mere ihe nkiri na 2013 obere ihe nkiri ''Black Girl na Paris'' na HBO nke a họpụtara maka obere ihe nkiri nke afọ, na ebe Spike Lee hụrụ ya. <ref name="Voice" /> Na 2014, Lee tụbara ya dị ka onye isi nwanyị, Ganja Hightower na ''Ganja &amp;amp; Hess'' homage ''Da Sweet Blood of Jesus'', ihe nkiri Hollywood mbụ ya. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.dreadcentral.com/news/89992/zaraah-abrahams-talks-da-sweet-blood-jesus/|title=Zaraah Abrahams Talks Da Sweet Blood of Jesus – Dread Central|work=dreadcentral.com|date=18 February 2015|accessdate=13 March 2018}}</ref> <ref name="Voice" /> Na 2015 Abrams kwagara [[New York City]] iji mee ihe nkiri telivishọn America ''The Knick'' . <ref name="Voice" /> Na 2008, Abrahams sonyere na ITV's celebrity skating series ''Dancing on Ice'', dị ka onye na-anọchi anya Michael Underwood merụrụ ahụ. Onye ya na ya na-emekọ ihe bụ skater Fred Palascak . Ụzọ abụọ ahụ gụchara n'ọnọdụ nke atọ. <ref>{{Cite news|title=EastEnders – Who are Lucas Johnson and Chelsea Fox and why are they back?|url=https://www.digitalspy.com/soaps/eastenders/a35058389/eastenders-who-are-lucas-johnson-chelsea-fox/|accessdate=26 December 2020|publisher=[[Digital Spy]]}}</ref> Na 2015, o sonyeere ihe nkedo nke usoro Cinemax ''The Knick'', ihe nkiri ahụike nke Steven Soderbergh na-eduzi, nke e debere na ụlọ ọgwụ New York na mmalite narị afọ nke 20. Ọ kọwara ọrụ Opal. <ref>{{Cite news|title='Coronation Street' Star Zaraah Abrahams Becomes The Latest Soap Star To Land A Hollywood Role|url=https://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/2015/04/01/coronation-street-zaraah-abrahams-hollywood-knick_n_6982714.html|accessdate=26 December 2020|work=[[HuffPost]]}}</ref> N'October 2020, a mara ọkwa na Abrahams ga-eweghara ọrụ Chelsea Fox na ncha BBC ''EastEnders'' . Emepụtara ihe omume mbụ ya dị ka Chelsea na Disemba 25, 2020. <ref>{{Cite news|title=EastEnders viewers enraged as Chelsea betrays Denise by reuniting with Lucas|url=https://www.mirror.co.uk/tv/tv-news/eastenders-viewers-enraged-chelsea-betrays-23221479|accessdate=26 December 2020|work=[[Daily Mirror]]}}</ref> == Ihe nkiri == {| class="wikitable sortable" !Year !Title !Role !Notes |- |2003–2005 |''Girls in Love'' |Magda |Main cast |- |2005–2007 |''Coronation Street'' |Joanne Jackson |Regular role; 214 episodes |- |2008–2010 |''Waterloo Road'' |Michaela White |Recurring (Series 3), Main cast (Series 4–5) |- |2008, 2014 |''Dancing on Ice'' |Herself |Contestant; 3rd place |- |2009 |''Hole in the Wall'' |Herself |Contestant |- |2011 |''Waterloo Road Reunited'' |Michaela White |Main cast (web series) |- |2012 |''Payback Season'' |Clarissa |Film |- |2012 |''Scott &amp;amp; Bailey'' |Daysha Kaye |1 episode |- |2012 |''Bedlam'' |Laura |Episode: "The Long Drop" |- |2013 |''Black Girl in Paris'' |Luce |Short film |- |2013–2015 |''Secret Dealers'' |Narrator |Game show (Series 4–5) |- |2014 |''Da Sweet Blood of Jesus'' |Ganja Hightower |Film |- |2014 |''Holby City'' |Alisa Cole |Episode: "Captive" |- |2015 |''The Knick'' |Opal Edwards |Main cast (Season 2) |- |2020–present |''EastEnders'' |Chelsea Fox |Regular role |- |2021 |''The Bay'' |DS Emma Ryan |2 episodes |} == Ihe nrite na nhọpụta == maka agụmakwụkwọ sekọndrị ya, na-ebute ọrụ Magda na TV Adaptation nke Jacqueline Wilson 's Girls in Love mgbe ọ ka bụ nwa akwụkwọ ebe ahụ. Mgbe ọ dị {| class="wikitable sortable" !Afọ ! Ihe nrite ! Otu ! Nsonaazụ ! class="unsortable" scope="col" | Ref. |- | 2021 | <nowiki><i id="mw9A">Inside Ncha</i></nowiki> Awards | Kachasị mma ọhụrụ| {{Nom}} | align="center" |<ref>{{Cite news|author=Alexander|first=Susannah|title=''Inside Soap'' Awards announces 2021 longlist as voting opens – here's who's up for prizes|url=https://www.digitalspy.com/soaps/coronation-street/a37769663/inside-soap-awards-2021-nominees-longlist-how-to-vote/|accessdate=28 September 2021|publisher=[[Digital Spy]]|date=28 September 2021}}</ref> |- | 2022 | 2022 British ncha ihe nrite | Onye ndu kacha mma| {{Nom}} | align="center" | <ref>{{Cite news|author=Houghton|first=Rianne|title=British Soap Awards 2022 reveals longlist for viewer categories|url=https://www.digitalspy.com/soaps/coronation-street/a39781595/british-soap-awards-2022-vote-longlist-categories/|accessdate=19 May 2022|publisher=[[Digital Spy]]|date=21 April 2022}}</ref> |- | 2022 | 27th National Television Awards | Ihe nkiri Oghere Usoro| {{Nom}} | align="center" |<ref>{{Cite news|author=Morris|first=Lauren|title=NTA 2022 longlist revealed as David Tennant and Sex Education nominated|url=https://www.radiotimes.com/tv/entertainment/ntas-2022-longlist/|accessdate=23 May 2022|work=[[Radio Times]]|date=24 May 2022}}</ref> |- | 2022 | ''Inside Ncha'' Awards | Onye na-eme ihe nkiri kacha mma| {{Nom}} | align="center" |<ref>{{Cite news|author=Harp|first=Justin|title=Inside Soap Awards announces nominations and new category for 2022 event|url=https://www.digitalspy.com/soaps/coronation-street/a40642854/inside-soap-awards-2022-nominees-icon/|accessdate=19 July 2022|publisher=[[Digital Spy]]|date=18 July 2022}}</ref> |- | 2022 | Digital Spy Reader Awards | Onye na-eme ncha kacha mma (Nwanyị)| {{draw|Second}} | align="center" |<ref>{{Cite web|author=Rowan|first=Iona|url=https://www.digitalspy.com/soaps/a42219438/reader-awards-soap-winners-2022/|title=EastEnders wins big at the Digital Spy Reader Awards 2022|publisher=[[Digital Spy]]|date=27 December 2022}}</ref> |} == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * {{IMDb name}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 85ya14vm5bzc4dgbb1rsxy241aj350w 0 49391 643972 577667 2026-05-30T12:40:42Z Philip Emeka 16124 fixed reference error 643972 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="infobox vcard" |+ class="infobox-title fn org" id="4" |Toto Ltd. | colspan="2" class="infobox-image logo" |[[File:TOTO_logo.svg|frameless]]<div class="infobox-caption">Logo eji kemgbe 1969</div> |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-image logo" |[[File:TOTO_main_office.JPG|250x250px]]<div class="infobox-caption">Isi ụlọ ọrụ Toto na [[Kitakyushu, Fukuoka|Kitakyushu]]" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Kokurakita-ku, Kitakyushu">Kokurakita-ku, Kitakyushu, [[Japan]]</div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="padding-right: 0.5em;" |<div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; ">Aha obodo</div> | class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35em;" |<templatestyles src="Ruby/styles.css" /><span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">TOTO株式会社</span></span> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="padding-right: 0.5em;" |<div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; ">Aha Romanized</div> | class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35em;" |''TŌTŌ kabushiki gaisha'' |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="padding-right: 0.5em;" |N'oge gara aga | class="infobox-data nickname" style="line-height: 1.35em;" |<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css" /><div class="plainlist"> * Toyo Toki Company, Limited * Toto Kiki Ltd. </div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="padding-right: 0.5em;" |Ụdị ụlọ ọrụ | class="infobox-data category" style="line-height: 1.35em;" |Ndị mmadụ |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="padding-right: 0.5em;" |<div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; ">A na-ere ya dị ka</div> | class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35em;" |<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css" /><div class="plainlist"> * TYO: [https://www2.jpx.co.jp/tseHpFront/StockSearch.do?callJorEFlg=1&method=topsearch&topSearchStr=5332 5332] * NAG: [http://www.nse.or.jp/e/meigara/stocksch/list.html?schKey_Code=5332 5332] * FSE: [https://www.fse.or.jp/english/listed/search.php?sqlWhere('search')=5332 5332] * Akụkụ Nikkei 225 (TYO) </div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="padding-right: 0.5em;" |Ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe | class="infobox-data category" style="line-height: 1.35em;" |Imepụta / ArịaNkume |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="padding-right: 0.5em;" |Ntọala | class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35em;" |15 Mee 1917<span class="noprint">&#x3B; Afọ 107 gara aga&#x20;</span> <span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1917-05-15</span>)&nbsp;</span> (dị ka Toyo Toki Company) &nbsp; |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="padding-right: 0.5em;" |Isi ụlọ ọrụ | class="infobox-data adr" style="line-height: 1.35em;" |<div class="locality" style="display: inline;">[[Kitakyushu, Fukuoka|Kitakyushu]]" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Kokurakita-ku, Kitakyushu">Kokurakita-ku, Kitakyushu</div>,<div class="country-name" style="display: inline;">[[Japan]]</div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="padding-right: 0.5em;" |<div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; ">Ebe e jere ozi</div> | class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35em;" |N'ụwa niile (karịsịa [[Asia|Eshia]]) |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="padding-right: 0.5em;" |<div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; ">Ndị isi</div> | class="infobox-data agent" style="line-height: 1.35em;" |<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css" /><div class="plainlist"> * Kunio Harimoto (Onye Nnọchiteanya, Onye isi oche) * Madoka Kitamura (Onye isi ala, Onye Nnọchiteanya Onye Nlekọta) * Noriaki Kiyota (Onye nnọchiteanya, osote onye isi ala) * Nozomu Morimura (Onye Nnọchiteanya, Onye isi oche) </div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="padding-right: 0.5em;" |Ngwaahịa | class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35em;" |Ihe ndị na-etinye paịpụ mmiri |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="padding-right: 0.5em;" |Ego a na-enweta | class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35em;" |[[Usòrò:Increase2.svg|link=|alt=Increase|11x11px|Mmụba]] ¥,819 nde (kwesịrị ike, March 2017) |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="padding-right: 0.5em;" |<div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; ">Ego a na-enweta n'ọrụ</div> | class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35em;" |[[Usòrò:Increase2.svg|link=|alt=Increase|11x11px|Mmụba]] ¥48,571 nde (kwesịrị ike, March 2017) |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="padding-right: 0.5em;" |<div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; ">Ego a na-enweta</div> | class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35em;" |[[Usòrò:Increase2.svg|link=|alt=Increase|11x11px|Mmụba]] ¥33,839 nde (kwesịrị ike, March 2017) |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="padding-right: 0.5em;" |<span class="nowrap">Ngụkọta nke ihe onwunwe</span> | class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35em;" |[[Usòrò:Increase2.svg|link=|alt=Increase|11x11px|Mmụba]] ¥553,996 nde (kwesịrị ike, March 2017) |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="padding-right: 0.5em;" |<span class="nowrap">Ikike zuru oke</span> | class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35em;" |[[Usòrò:Increase2.svg|link=|alt=Increase|11x11px|Mmụba]] ¥297,020 nde (kwesịrị ike, March 2017) |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="padding-right: 0.5em;" |<div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; ">Ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị ọrụ</div> | class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35em;" |<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css" /><div class="plainlist"> * Nkwado: 33,431 * '''Ndị a na-ejikọtaghị''': 8,034 (dị ka March 31, 2019) </div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="padding-right: 0.5em;" |Nne na Nna | class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35em;" |Morimura Bros. |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="padding-right: 0.5em;" |Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ | class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35em;" |<span class="url">[https://web.archive.org/web/20240704141716/https://www.toto.com/ www.toto.com]</span> |} [[Usòrò:TOTO_SW981G_at_EGLHK_toilet_20130209.jpg|thumb|TOTO SW981G "ikuku"]] Toto Ltd. , nke a maara n'oge gara aga dị ka Tōyō Tōki (東洋陶器株式会社, lit. 'Oriental Pottery Company'), na Tōtō Kiki (東陶機器株式会社,lit. 'Tōtō Equipment Company'), bụ ónyé ọtú nke ọbọdọ na ahụ na-emepụta ụlọ mposi nke mba Japan nke a maara onye ọchịchị maka imepụta [[Washlet]] (yana Warmlet na ngwaahịa ndị yiri ya). E hiwere TOTO na 1917. Ụlọ ọrụ ahụ dị na [[Kitakyushu, Fukuoka|Kitakyushu]], Japan, ma nwee ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe na mba itoolu.<ref>Ceramic World Review. No. 69. 2006</ref><ref>[http://www.ibtimes.co.uk/japans-toto-opens-new-plant-india-narendra-modi-plans-toilets-all-homes-1462791 IBtimes]</ref> Toto nwetara ụlọ mposi German Pagette na 2009 ma na-enye ahịa Europe site na ụlọ ọrụ a kemgbe ọ pụtara na 2009 International Sanitary and Heating Fair. Ụlọ ọrụ ahụ nwéré isi ụlọ ọrụ ya na Europe na Düsseldorf kemgbe mkpụrụ nke ọbọdọ na afọ 2012. Onye ọkachamara na-ahụ maka mgbidi Tece si Emsdetten na-emepụta modulu maka ụlọ mposi. == Washlet == The {{nihongo|[[Washlet]]|ウォシュレット|Woshuretto}} bụ toilet seat nke ahụ bụ ihe eji arụ ọrụ [[bidet]]. A na-eme atụmatụ nke Boodet na ntinye nke bọtịnụ na oche ma ọ bụ site na remote control; Obere oge na-agbada na azụ nke rim ma bido na mmiri na-aga n'ihu na azụ. Obere oge we gbazere na azụ nke rim ma bido na mmiri na-aga n'ihu na azụ onye ọrụ ahụ. Ụdị dị iche iche dị iche iche nwere atụmatụ dị ka air fresheners, seat heaters, and dryers.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.businessinsider.com/toto-neorest-750h-toilet-review-and-photos-2017-5|title=I tried the 'Mercedes Benz of toilets' that comes with a remote control and costs $10,200|work=[[Business Insider]]|first=Melia|author=Robinson|date=June 1, 2017|accessdate=23 November 2017}}</ref> == Mgbasawanye == N'afọ 2017, ụlọ ọrụ ha dị na Thailand kọrọ atụmatụ iji mepụta mmepụta okpukpu abụọ ruo ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ mmepụta okpukpere abụọ kwa afọ ruo 870,000.<ref>[https://www.bangkokpost.com/business/general/1378343/toto-thai-plant-doubles-capacity]</ref> == Hụkwa == * Ụlọ mposi na Japan == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}} 51gv68p5hcq58u0lzhfq69wnmcfl2f5 0 49526 644216 178413 2026-05-30T19:37:20Z Wikipedian12512(alt) 61413 ce 644216 wikitext text/x-wiki Aha ụlọ akwụkwọ Franco-Flemish, nke a na-akpọkwa ụlọ akwụkwọ Netherlandish, akwụkwọ Burgundian,  Akwụkwọ ndị Mba dị ala, Flemish akwụkwọ akwụkwọ, akwụkwọ ndị Dutch, ma ọ bụ ndị Akwụkwọ Northern, na-ezo aka na ụdị nke ụfọdụ olu nke sitere na France na site na Burgundian Netherlands na ike awụ nke 15 na 16 yana ndị na  -ede dị dere ya.  Mgbasa nke usoro ha, ihe mgbe mgbaaka nke akara, ụdị mbụ nke mba ụwa e, ọnụ ọgụgụ nke abụ Gregorian na ike adọ nke 9. Ndị na-ede ụmụaka Franco-Flemish na-ede egwu egwu dị, nke bụ isi,  ndị mmadụ, motet, na abụ . == Oge na esemokwu == Ọtụtụ ụgbọ nke ndị na-ede Renaissance sitere na mpaghara a na-akpọkarị mba dị ala (Imperial na French fiefs chịrị n'otu onwe nke ndị Valois-Burgundy na oge site na 1384 ruo 1482) - ya bụ Northern France ugbu a, Belgium  na Southern A na-achịkọta Netherlands - n'okpuru "Franco-Flemish School", n'agbanyeghị na ike onye nkuzi na nwa akwụkwọ adị n'etiti ha.  A mini ọtụtụ n'ime ndị egwu a na mpaghara Burgundia na-emepe ụzọ nke Artois, Flanders, Brabant, Hainaut, ma ọ bụ Limburg .  A ozi ndị ọzọ na Northern na Southern France, dị ka Guillaume Faugues, Simone de Bonefont na Antoine Brumel bụ otu n'ime ndị na-ede nke ụgbọ ya.  N'oge ndị agha ndị na nkwụsi ike nke akụ na aha, nkọwa nke ndị isi Burgundia bụ ebe a na-eme omenala na Europe. Ndị na-ede Franciso-Flemish sitere na ụlọ akwụkwọ ukwe ụka dịka na katidral na ụlọ ụka collegiate nke Saint-Quentin, Arras, Valenciennes, Douai, Bourges, Liège, Tournai, Cambrai, Mons, Antwerp, G Bruentges, ọ bụ ebe  na ha bụ ama maka onye ọrụ ebe ọzọ.  Ọtụtụ ndị na-egwu egwu guzobe onwe ha n'ịma-ama France ma ọ bụ kwaga n' Europe dị na Ịtali ebe a na-akpọ ha "I fiamminghi" ma ọ bụ Oltremontani ("ndị si n'elu Alps") na Spain  - Na Juan na Flemish chapel (capilla flamenca) nke Habsburgs, ma ọ bụ gaa n'obodo ndị dị na Jamanị, na n'ụdị ndị ọzọ nke Europe—Poland, ala Czech, Austria, Hungary, England, Sweden, Denmark, Saxony—  na-eji ụdị ejiji ha.  Kpọmkwem ebe a na-enye n'oge a, na ka ọ na-erule njedebe nke mbụ awụ nke iri na isii, ebe a na-ahụ maka egwu ụwa nke Ebe Ọdịda ikike si na Mba Ndị Dị Ala gaa Ịtali. N'ikpeazụ, ka anyị cheta na okwu ahụ bụ "Franco-Flemish" na nke nwere mmasị na "ụlọ akwụkwọ Dutch" ka na-arụrịta ụka n'etiti ndị ọkà mmụta egwú. A naghị eji ha eme ihe n'oge ahụ ma yie ka ha na-ekpuchi nanị akụkụ nke asụsụ, ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, ókèala na akụkọ ihe mere eme. == Mmepe == Ndị na-esonụ bụ otu ise, ma ọ bụ ọgbọ, ndị a na-amakarị n'ụlọ akwụkwọ Franco-Flemish/Netherland. Mmepe nke ụdị egwu a na-aga n'ihu, ọgbọ ndị a na-enye naanị ihe ntụaka bara uru. * [[Usòrò:DufayBinchois.jpg|thumb|Du fay Binchois.]]''Ọgbọ mbụ'' (1420–1450), nke Jean Tapissier, Guillaume Du Fay, Gilles Binchois na Antoine Busnois na-achị; A na-akpọkarị ndị na-ede egwú a dị ka Ụlọ Akwụkwọ Burgundian . Mmalite nke ụdị nke ''ọgbọ mbụ'' na-anabata ma omenala Burgundia na mbụ yana ụdị Italian na Bekee. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, na 1442, onye na-ede uri bụ Martin le Franc toro Binchois na Dufay maka ịgbaso Dunstaple n'ịkwenye ''contenance angloise'' ("agwa Bekee"). * ''Ọgbọ nke abụọ'' (1450-1485), na Ockeghem dị ka isi okwu ya, ndị ọzọ gụnyere Orto, Compère, Prioris, Agricola, Caron, Faugues, Regis na Tinctoris . * ''Ọgbọ nke atọ'' (1480–1520): Jean Mouton, Obrecht, de la Rue, Isaac, Brumel, Févin, Pipelare, Richafort, Divitis, na nke kachasị Josquin des Prez . * ''Ọgbọ nke anọ'' (1520-1560): Gombert, Phinot, Crecquillon, Manchicourt, Arcadelt, Rore, Willaert, Courtois, Clemens na-abụghị Papa na Bonefont. * ''Ọgbọ nke ise'' (1560–1615/20): Lassus, de Monte, Vaet, Regnart, Luython, Wert, de Macque, Claude Goudimel na Rogier . N'oge a, ọtụtụ n'ime ndị na-ede egwú polyphonic bụ ndị Ịtali na mba ndị ọzọ: ụdị Netherlandish abụrụla nke ọma na ala mba ọzọ, wee ghọọ ezigbo ụdị Europe. == Franco-Flemish motet == Emebere n'etiti 1450 na 1520, a na-ede motet ndị a maka olu aanọ, na olu niile hà nhata.  Ha na-ama nwere textures gbara, gbara mgba, oke ala gbatịrị elele.  Ndị na-ede akwụkwọ ozi nke ụdị a egwu Ockegem na Josquin, onye De profundis clamavi ad te, nke e dere n'etiti 1500 na 1521, na-enye ezigbo ihe atụ atụ.. == Hụkwa ==   * Atiri: Ndị na-ede egwú Franco-Flemish == Ntụaka == {{Reflist|18em}}'''Isi mmalite'''   == Ọgụgụ ọzọ == * Gut, Serge. 1968. "A propos des polyphonistes de la Renaissance : franco-flamand ma ọ bụ néerlandais." ''Revue du nord'' . * ''Akụkọ ihe mere eme nke egwu na ụdị egwu'', nke Homer Ulrich & Paul Pisk (1963). New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/0-15-537720-5|0-15-537720-5]] . * [https://web.archive.org/web/20130725043352/http://adriaenwillaert.be/ned/polyfonisten/polyfonisten_volledige_namenlijst.htm Volledige namenlijst van alle polyfonisten uit de Nederlanden (1400–1600)] [Ndepụta zuru ezu nke aha Polyphonists si Netherlands mụrụ n'etiti 1400 na 1600]. {{Composition schools}} kvyy5jd6029q18z91k6jm1d5opa6lry 0 49598 644036 178773 2026-05-30T14:09:03Z Iwuala chisom 17246 Fixed reference errors 644036 wikitext text/x-wiki  [[File:Kob ewes Image02.jpg|thumb|Sudanian savanna]] Savanna Sudan ma ọ bụ mpaghara Sudan bụ eriri sara mbara nke savanna nke na-aga n'ebe e mere na fim ndị agha mpaghara Afrịka, site na ugwo Etiopia dị n'ihu ese mbụ n'Oké Atlantik n'ebe ahụ ike.  ikpe.  Ọ na-anya mpaghara bioregion etiti dị n'ime oke akụ nke savanna biome nke mpaghara Afrotropical .  Sahel acacia savanna, eriri nke ntụgharị, dị n'ebe ugwu, na-eme mpaghara n'etiti savanna Sudan na phytochorion Desert Sahara .  N'ebe ndị Sudan, ka mmiri na-ekpo ọkụ-savanna mosaic na-emepe mpaghara mpaghara n'etiti savanna Sudan na kara Guineo-Congolian nke dị nso na equator. == Etymology == Aha ''Sudan'' sitere from Arabic بلاد السودان</link> , na-ezo aka na Africa ndịda Sahel. == Mpaghara physiographic == Savanna Sudan bụ otu n'ime mpaghara physiographic atọ dị iche iche nke ngalaba Massive Africa buru ibu.  Physiography na-ekewa mpaghara a ụzọ dị iche iche physiographic ngalaba, Niger Basin, Lake Chad Basin, na Middle Nile Basin . <ref name="WWFeast"/> == Ecoregions == The World Wide Fund for Nature na-ekewa mpaghara savanna nke Sudan ka ọ bụrụ mpaghara abụọ, nke Mandara Plateau kewapụrụ: * Savanna East Sudanian dị na East na Central Africa gbagoro n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ site na ọdịda anyanwụ ala Etiopia ruo ugwu Mandara . <ref name="WWFeast">{{Cite web|url=http://www.worldwildlife.org/ecoregions/at0705|title=East Sudanian savanna|publisher=World Wide Fund for Nature|accessdate=1 November 2016}}</ref> * [[Ọzara ọdịda anyanwụ Sudan|Savanna ọdịda anyanwụ Sudan nke]] dị na West Africa na-esi [[Ȯra Adamawa|n'ọwụwa anyanwụ Nigeria]] gaa Gambia West Coast . <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://worldwildlife.org/ecoregions/at0722|title=West Sudanian savanna|publisher=World Wide Fund for Nature|accessdate=1 November 2016}}</ref> == Geography == mgbasa a na-ese ala dị iche iche osimiri nke White Nile, Chad na Niger .  Ọ na- dheeraad 5,000 km (3,100 mi) n'otu egwu ọtụtụ kilomita n' ókè n'ofe Africa.  Ọ na-esi na Atlantic Ocean na Senegal, site na ndịda Mali (nke a mara dị ka French Sudan mgbe ọ bụ French ), Burkina Faso, Southern Niger, Northern Ghana, Northern Nigeria, Southern Chad, Central African Republic, South Sudan na  South Sudan ugwu ndị Etiopia . == Ihu igwe == Nkezi ụka kwa afọ na-esi na 23 to 29 Celsius C (73 ruo 84 °F) .  Nkezi ozizi n'ime ụnwa oyi kacha dị elu mpaghara 20 Celsius C (68 °F) na mpaghara 30 Celsius C (86 °F) n'ime ụnwa kacha mma.  Okpomọkụ kwa ụbọchị na-agbanwe site na 10–15 Celsius C (50–59 °F) .  Ọdụ mmiri mmiri na-ebute mmiri ozuzo site na equator.  Mmiri mmiri kwa awụ sitere na 100–200 mm (3.9–7.9 na) n’ebe ugwu ruo 1,500–2,000 mm (59–79 na) n’ebe ndịda.  N'oge oge oyi nke ọkọchị ( Köppen Aw ), ifufe Harmattan nke dị n'ebe ugwu mmalite mmalite na-ebute ikuku na-ekpo ọkụ na akọrọ site na Sahara. == Osisi == [[Usòrò:Pic_de_Nahouri_MS4263.jpg|thumb| [[Aja ahihia|Ahịhịa]] savanna nke Sudan na [[Burkina Faso]]]] [[Usòrò:Ms_744_obs_natiabouani_02.jpg|áká_èkpè|thumb| Savanna Sudan nwere ahịhịa ahịhịa nke ''[[Andropogon gayanus]]'', Pama Reserve, [[Burkina Faso]] .]] A na-eji savanna Sudan mara site na ekiri n'otu nke osisi na osisi.  Ụdị osisi na-achị ọchịchị na- ọchịchị nke Comretaceae na Caesalpinioideae ;  ụdị Acacia mkpa.  Ụdị akwụkwọ ndị na-akpakarị bụ Andropogoneae, na-eji genera Andropogon na Hyparrhenia, na ala na-emighị emi nakwa Loudetia na Aristida .  A na-eji ọtụtụ mpaghara savanna Sudan eme ihe n'ụdị mgbasa, ebe osisi bara uru, dị ka shea, baobab, osisi igurube na ndị ọzọ na- 5 igbutu, ebe a na-akọ sorghum, ọka, millet ma ọ bụ  ihe omume ndị ọzọ n'okpuru. <ref>{{Cite book|author=Alain Atangana|title=Tropical Agroforestry|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7lvFBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA11|year=2013|publisher=Springer Science & Business Media|isbn=978-94-007-7723-1}}</ref> == Anụ anụmanụ == Ọtụtụ ụmụ anụmanụ buru ibu sitere na savanna Sudan, ndị elephant star Africa ( Loxodonta africana ), giraffe ugwu ( Giraffa camelopardalis ), giant eland ( Taurotragus derbianus derbianus ), roan antelope ( Hippotragus equinus ), African buffalo ( Syncerus caffer brachyceros ), (  Panthera leo ), agụ owuru ( Panthera pardus ) cheetah ( Acinonyx jubatus ), na ngwa ngwa Africa ( Lycaon pictus ).  Ụmụ anụmanụ buru ibu ugbu a nwere oke oke na ọnụọgụ. == Iji ala == <ref name="Jayalaxshmi">{{Cite book|author=Jayalaxshmi Mistry|title=World Savannas: Ecology and Human Use|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=A0qDBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA124|year=2014|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-317-88013-4|pages=124–127}}</ref>Ndị na-azụ anụ na ndị ọrụ ugbo na-eji savanna Sudan.  A na-azụkarị ehi, mana n'ebe ụfọdụ, a na-echekwa ndị na ewu.  Ihe kpatara ndị a na-akọ bụ sorghum na millet bụ ndị dabara na oke mmiri ozuzo.  N'ihi oke ụkọ mmiri mmiri na-arrị elu 1970s, ọ dị ndị na-azụ anụ ezi mkpa ọkụ na ndị eji ebe ịta nri ma soro ndị ọrụ ugbo nọ na-enwe nsogbu. == Akụkọ ihe mere eme == ka ụfọdụ ndị na-asụ asụsụ ihe mere eme nke oge a si kwuo, nke mpaghara niile dị n'Africa, tusaale Sudan "bụ nke ahụla mgbasa ogologo nke ọrụ ugbo, nke ndị na-eji ogologo oge, na usoro-eguzo  anya anya."  Ọ bụkwa mpaghara mbụ "ndịda Sahara ebe ndị Africa gbanyere ọrịa wee merụọ" <ref>Klein, Martin A. (1998). </ref> === Etiti oge gboo === Akụkọ ihe mere eme nke oge ochie bụ nchekwa nke ndị njem .  [1] Ndị isi ala mmalite Sudan bụ Darfur, Bagirmi, Sennar na Wadai .  Na etiti Sudan, ndị Ukwu Kanem–Bornu na ndị isi ndị Hausa .  N'ebe mmalite bụ Wagadou, Manden, Songhay na Mossi .  Ka e hụ, ndị Fula gbasaruru ebe sara mbara.  [2] [3] N'oge dị ndị Europe, French Sudan na Anglo-Egyptian Sudan ka e kere na mpaghara ndị na-emezi steeti Mali na Sudan na South Sudan n'otu n'otu. === Azụmahịa ohu === Ná ciyar na afɔ iri mbụ, e ji ọtụtụ ndị Sudan mee ihe dị ka "ụzuoku nke ndị ohu maka ụwa Mediterenian" n'ahịa ohu ndị Sahara .  Site na mbata nke Portuguese na ndị awụ nke iri na ise, "a na-eduzi ndị mmadụ na ahia ohu nke Atlantic," na-agbakọta ihe ezinụlọ otu puku awụ maka Sahara na ndị awụ anọ maka ahia Atlantic.  N'ihi ya, ịgba ohu kpụziri ụlọ ọrụ na usoro nke Sudan.  Ndị Portuguese mbụ rutere Senegambia wee mee na ịgba ohu "guzobere nke ọma" na mpaghara ahụ, na-eji "na-azụ ụlọ ikpe nke ndị eze dị n'ụdị osimiri dịka e ji ya mee ihe na-eji ukwu nke ime ime.  "  N'etiti usoro ejide, ịgba ohu, na "ịbanye n'ime obodo ọhụrụ, ohu ahụ ikike ikike ma ọ bụ ọha mmadụ."  N'ihi ya, nke ndị a na-agba ohu "sitere n'òtù ụlọ ọrụ, na-adabere na ndị ikwu." <ref>Klein 1998, p. 1-2.</ref> === Oge a === N'ime oge nke European colonization, French Sudan e kere na mpaghara nke ga-abụ Mali na Anglo-Egypt Sudan e hiwere na ihe ga-abụ ugbu Sudanese na South Sudanese steeti. == Hụkwa == * Neolithic Subpluvial - ''Green Sahara oge ochie'' * Sub-Saharan Africa * Ndị Juu nke Bilad el-Sudan == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 9tjezr0cle6ouv95u5ivcms5qi1aozk 0 49608 644426 207945 2026-05-30T23:41:45Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 644426 wikitext text/x-wiki   Iju mmiri steeti Adamawa nke afọ 202 bụ ihe na-emere onwe ya mere na Adamawa State, Nigeria, na September 2022. O gbakwunye ihe ihe square kilomita 30,000 wee mayonnaise nwere ihe dị ka nde mmadụ 6.6 n'ihe egwu ike ime.  Ihe oyiyi iju mmiri ahụ bụ oke mmiri ozuzo na ọnọdụra mmiri na-esi na ugwu Cameroon .  [1] O ọnwụ 25, ahụ 58, yana mmadụ 131,638 gbapụ.  O mebikwara obodo 153 ma mebie ụlọ, ala ubi na ihe ndị ọzọ.  Iju mmiri ahụ ahụ, ike nke mpaghara ahụ maka ihe omume ndị dị otú ahụ na mkpa ọ dị maka ike na mbenata nke ọma <ref>{{Cite web|date=30 October 2023|title=EnviroNews Nigeria|url=https://www.environewsnigeria.com/?m=suede-berwick-loafer-hh-eyXoGmSm|accessdate=31 October 2023|work=EnviroNews Nigeria|language=en-US|archivedate=31 October 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20231031103138/https://www.environewsnigeria.com/?m=suede-berwick-loafer-hh-eyXoGmSm}}</ref> <ref name="Ugwu" /> N'October 2023, mpaghara North-East nke Nigeria ọtụtụ ide mmiri, nke sitere na ojiji mmiri sitere na Dam Lagdo na Cameroon.  Dị ka ndị sitere n'aka Òtù Mba Nile Maka Migration (IOM) si kwuo, ihe omume a na-egosi nnukwu ike, gbapụ ihe, 8,504 ma gbuo mmadụ 33, ụfọdụ ndị inyom, na ndị agadi.. <ref name="IOM">{{Cite web|date=13 October 2023|title=North-East Nigeria: Flood Incidents Report - October 2023 - Nigeria {{!}} ReliefWeb|url=https://reliefweb.int/report/nigeria/north-east-nigeria-flood-incidents-report-october-2023|accessdate=31 October 2023|work=reliefweb.int|language=en}}</ref> == Ihe kpatara ya == Ihe butere idei steeti Adamawa steeti n'afọ 2022 bụ ihe dị iche iche oke mmiri ozuzo, oke osimiri na oke mmiri na-agba na Cameroon n'oge mmiri ozuzo.  Dị ka ndị sitere na National Emergency Management Agency (NEMA) si kwuo, ihe omume a butere oke ide mmiri na 31 n'ime steeti 36 mpaghara etiti Nigeria, ebe Adamawa so na ndị kacha emetụta.<ref name="EnviroNews">{{Cite web|date=30 October 2023|title=EnviroNews Nigeria|url=https://www.environewsnigeria.com/?m=suede-berwick-loafer-hh-eyXoGmSm|accessdate=31 October 2023|work=EnviroNews Nigeria|language=en-US|archivedate=31 October 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20231031103138/https://www.environewsnigeria.com/?m=suede-berwick-loafer-hh-eyXoGmSm}}</ref> <ref name="Ugwu">{{Cite web|author=Ugwu|first=Francis|date=5 July 2023|title=Flood alert: NEMA cautions 14 states, 31 communities|url=https://dailypost.ng/2023/07/05/flood-alert-nema-cautions-14-states-31-communities/|accessdate=31 October 2023|work=Daily Post Nigeria|language=en-US}}</ref> Otu n'ime ihe agba iju mmiri ahụ bụ akara mmiri na-esi na ugwu Cameroon, bụ nke na-ahọba n'osimiri Benue na nmaka ya.  Ọkwa mmiri nke osimiri nke Benue gbagoro nke ukwuu, dheeraad ike ọ na-adị ma na-eme n'ihu mmiri ya.  Ọnọdụ ahụ ka njọ site na ntọhapụ mmiri sitere na Dam Lagdo dị na Cameroon, bụ nke gbakwunyere ụzo na osimiri na ahụ fụrụ awụ.. <ref name="Okafor">{{Cite web|author=Okafor|first=Echezona|date=9 October 2023|title=NEMA Warns Anambra Of Flood As Cameroon Opens Dam|url=https://newtelegraphng.com/nema-warns-anambra-of-flood-as-cameroon-opens-dam/|accessdate=31 October 2023|work=New Telegraph|language=en-US}}</ref> Ihe ọzọ ajị anụ a bụ oke mmirika nke mere na steeti Adamawa na mpaghara ndị ọzọ na mmiri n'oge mmiri ozuzo.  Mmiri Zorọ nke nkezi nke mmiri ozuzo kwa afọ ma mejuo ala, na-ebeta ikike ikike ya na ịba na-akpa mmiri na-ahọpụta n'elu.  Mgbọ mmiri a gba ụgbọ n'ebe ndị dị obere ma bute oke idei mmiri nke bupụrụ ụlọ, ala ubi na ihe ndị ọzọ <ref name="RNA" /> == Mmetụta == Iju mmiri nke steeti Adamawa nke afọ 2022 nwere ike jọgburu onwe ya na ndụ na ndụ nke ndị bi na mpaghara ihe mgbaàmà.  Dị ka NEMA si kwuo, ka ọnwa Septemba 2022, idei mmiri ahụ butere mmadụ iri abụọ na ise ọnwụ ma mee mmadụ iri ise na merụọ ahụ nke ukwuu.  Mmadụ 131,638 ọchụpụrụ n'iche ha wee gbaba n'ogige ma ọ bụ ndị ikwu na ndị enyi.  Iju mmiri a rikpukwara obodo 153 n'ofe ọdịiche ime obodo iri na abụọ n'ime Adamawa steeti, metere ihe dị ka mmadụ 260,000.<ref name="RNA">{{Cite web|date=1 November 2022|title=Rapid Needs Assessment (RNA): Adamawa Floods, October 2022 - Nigeria {{!}} ReliefWeb|url=https://reliefweb.int/report/nigeria/rapid-needs-assessment-rna-adamawa-floods-october-2022|accessdate=31 October 2023|work=reliefweb.int|language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://reliefweb.int/report/nigeria/rapid-needs-assessment-rna-adamawa-floods-october-2022 "Rapid Needs Assessment (RNA): Adamawa Floods, October 2022 - Nigeria | ReliefWeb"]. ''reliefweb.int''. 1 November 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 October</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> Iju mmiri ahụ mebiekwara nnukwu ụlọ ọrụ, ọrụ ugbo na ụgwọ ndị ọzọ.  O mebiri ma ọ bụ mebie ụlọ, okporo ụzọ, àkwà mmiri, ụlọ akwụkwọ, ụlọ ọrụ, na ihe ndị ọzọ ọhaneze na-eji.  O kpochapukwara ihe ubi, anụ ụlọ, oke nri, na ihe ndị ọzọ.  Iju mmiri ahụ kpasuru ihe omume akụ̀ na nọrọ, dị ka ọrụ ugbo, azụ azụ, ịhụnanya, na ụgbọ njem.  O mekwara ka ọhọrọ nke ọrịa na-ebute mmiri, dị ka ọgbụgbọ na typhoid. <ref name="RNA"/> Dị ka NEMA si kwuo, idei mmiri ahụ na 2023 butere nchụpụ nke ọtụtụ ndị bi na ya, na-etinye ala ubi na ngwaahịa n'ihe ize ndụ.  Na mkpokọta, ihe mmetụta 159,157, mmadụ 28 nwụrụ, yana mmadụ 48,168 gbapụrụ na steeti iri na atọ n'afọ.. <ref>{{Cite web|author=ALEX|first=Ehime|date=8 October 2023|title=Flood looms in Benue, Kogi, other states as Cameroon releases Lagdo dam water – NEMA|url=https://www.icirnigeria.org/flood-looms-in-benue-kogi-other-states-as-cameroon-releases-lagdo-dam-water-nema/|accessdate=31 October 2023|work=The ICIR- Latest News, Politics, Governance, Elections, Investigation, Factcheck, Covid-19|language=en-GB}}</ref> <ref name="Aworinde 2023 l346">{{Cite news|author=Aworinde|first=Oluwatobi|title=Flooding: NEMA Alerts Adamawa, Edo, Taraba, Six Other States|work=Channels Television|date=8 October 2023|url=https://www.channelstv.com/2023/10/08/flooding-nema-alerts-states-adamawa-taraba-edo-six-other-states/|accessdate=2 November 2023}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|date=8 October 2023|title=SUNDAY 8TH OCTOBER 2023 by THISDAY Newspapers Ltd - Issuu|url=https://issuu.com/thisdaylive/docs/tdla_1008_9011267d7a8ead|accessdate=31 October 2023|work=issuu.com|language=en}}</ref> == Nzaghachi mmadụ == N'ịzaghachi ọnọdụ idei mmiri ahụ, NEMA na ndị ọrụ enyemaka ndị ọzọ malitere imekọ ihe ọnụ multi-sectoral Rapid Needs Assessment (RNA) iji dozie oghere ọmụma na ịhazi ọrụ enyemaka mmadụ. RNA bu n'obi wepụta nkọwa zuru oke nke mkpa, adịghị ike, ike na oghere dị na mpaghara ihe metụtara. RNA kpuchiri ngalaba isii: ebe nchekwa na ihe ndị na-abụghị nri (NFI), nchekwa nri na ebe obibi (FSL), ahụike, idebe mmiri na ịdị ọcha (WASH), nchekwa na agụmakwụkwọ. <ref name="RNA" /> Dabere na nchoputa RNA, NEMA na ndị ọrụ ohu ndị ọzọ nyere ndị omee amụma.  Nke a akpọ ikesa ihe ndị dị ka nri, matraasi, blanketị, ụgbụ anwụ anwụnta, arịa esi nri, ngwa ọcha ọcha, na nri nri.  Ọ gụwa ndị ọrụ, dịka ụlọ ọgwụ, ịgba ọgwụ ọrịa, na onyunyo ọrịa.  Ọ gụa imeziwanye mmiri, idebe ihe ọcha, na ebe a na-edebe ihe ọcha, dị ka olulu mmiri, ụlọ mposi, na ebe ịsa aka.  Ọ gụ aro ọrụ nchekwa, dị ka ịdenye aha na ndakpọ ndị achụpụrụ pụ, inye nkwado mmadụ na ibe ya, na ọrụ ime ihe dabere na nwoke.  Ọ gụ iweghachi ọrụ akwụkwọ, dị ka imezigharị ụlọ akwụkwọ, inye ihe ojiji, na ndị edemede <ref name="RNA" /> == Nleba anya na-aga n'ihu == A na-akọ na ọnọdụ ndị gbara idei mmiri a ka na-aga n'ihu na-eleba anya nke ọma, na-atụ anya mmelite ọzọ maka ụlọ ahụ.  Otu ndị sitere na National Emergency Management Agency, Adamawa State Emergency Management Agency, na Nigeria Hydrological Services Agency mere njem njem na osimiri Bakin Kogi dị na Jimeta iji isiokwu ọkwa mmiri maka idei mmiri nwere ike ime.  Achọpụtara ọkwa mmiri ahụ dị mita 8.0 na elekere 10.00 nke ụtụtụ na 30 Ọgọst 2023. Ndị otu a ndọrọ ndọrọ ndị Marine Unit of Nigeria Police Force maka ịja maka ịzaghachi ihe ahụ ide mmiri <ref>https://nema.gov.ng/flood-early-warning-assessment-of-30th-august-2023-in-adamawa-state/</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|date=13 October 2023|title=North-East Nigeria: Flood Incidents Report - October 2023 - Nigeria {{!}} ReliefWeb|url=https://reliefweb.int/report/nigeria/north-east-nigeria-flood-incidents-report-october-2023|accessdate=31 October 2023|work=reliefweb.int|language=en}}</ref> == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Ȯra Adamawa]] 7etzop9jworv20phifso3lagboffgie 0 49649 644001 178867 2026-05-30T13:22:37Z Chiziqa 13055 Fixed reference error 644001 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Kintanna Peak''' (bụ ọnụ ọgụgụ kasị elu dị nkọ, mita 2,725 (8,940 ft) dị elu, ihe dị ka 1 nautical mile (2 km) n'ebe ugwu Holtanna Peak n'akụkụ ọwụwa anyanwụ nke Holtanna Peak dị n'akụkụ ọwụwa anyanwụ nke ugwu Fenriskjeften na Queen Maud Land, Antarctica. E si na ya mapụta ya nyocha na foto ikuku nke njem njem Antarctic nke isii nke Norwegian (1956–60) wee kpọọ Kinntanna (molar).<ref name=gnis/>   == Ntụaka == {{Reflist|refs= <ref name=gnis>{{cite gnis | type = antarid | id = 7980| name = Kinntanna Peak | accessdate = 2013-05-03}}</ref>}} 0hxlysymdwz2z8438tsc7doqhpe7mq7 0 49730 643967 179187 2026-05-30T12:30:44Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 643967 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Usòrò:Boxer_(dog).jpg|thumb|Ndị na-akụ ọkpọ, na-egosi ntị ndị e kere eke na ndị e gburu egbu]] [[Usòrò:Dobermann_puppy.jpg|thumb|Nwa nkịta Doberman Pinscher nke e tinyere ntị ya na teepu iji zụọ ha n'ụdị na ụgbọ ala ha chọrọ mgbe a gbasịrị ya]] Ịkụ mkpụrụ bụ iwepụ akụkụ ma ọ bụ ihe niile dị na mpụga ntị anụmanụ. Usoro a na-agụnye mgbe ụfọdụ nkwado nkwado na ịpị ntị nke fọdụrụnụ iji zụọ ha ka ha tụọ aka ọtọ. Ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ nanị na-eme na nkịta, ọ bụ omume ochie nke e mere maka ahụike aghọtara, ihe bara uru ma ọ bụ ihe ịchọ mma. Sayensị ọgwụgwọ anụmanụ na-ekwu na ọ nweghị uru ahụike ma ọ bụ anụ ahụ maka anụmanụ site na usoro ahụ, na-eduga na nchegbu nke obi ọjọọ nke anụmanụ maka ịwa anụmanụ na-enweghị isi. N'oge a, amachibidoro ịkụ ihe ọkụkụ n'ọtụtụ mba, mana ọ ka bụ nke iwu kwadoro na mba ole na ole. Ebe a na-anabata ya, a na-ahụ ya naanị n'ụdị nkịta ụfọdụ, dị ka olulu ehi na ụdị anụ ọhịa, Doberman Pinscher, Schnauzer, Great Dane, Boxer na Cane Corso.. == Akụkọ ihe mere eme na ebumnuche == N'akụkọ ihe mere eme, a na-eme ihe ọkụkụ na nkịta na-arụ ọrụ dịka a kwenyere na ọ ga-ebelata ihe ize ndụ nke nsogbu ahụike, dị ka ọrịa ntị ma ọ bụ hematomas. A na-akọkwa ihe ọkụkụ na nkịta ndị nwere ike ịdị mkpa ịlụ ọgụ, ma ọ bụ mgbe ha na-achụ nta anụ ndị nwere ike ịlụ ọgụ ma ọ bụ na-echebe ìgwè anụ ụlọ n'aka ndị na-eri anụ, ma ọ bụ n'ihi na a na-eji ha eme egwuregwu ọgụ dị ka ọgụ nkịta ma ọ bụ anụ ọhịa bea..<ref name="Briar"></ref><ref name="murgai"> {{Cite book|author=Murgai|first=R.P., Major|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cPPTZvzNNHMC|title=Handbook on Dogs|publisher=New Age International|year=1996|isbn=9788122408935|location=New Delhi, IN}}</ref> === Akụkọ mmalite === Omume Ndị Rom bụ ịkụ nkịta ntị iji zere mmebi na mmerụ ahụ n'ịlụ ọgụ ịchụ nta; na ọdụ ọdụ a na-eme iji zere ibufe ọrịa [[Rabis|rabies]].<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Mills|first=Katelyn E.|date=2016-06-27|title=Tail Docking and Ear Cropping Dogs: Public Awareness and Perceptions|journal=PLOS ONE|volume=11|issue=6|pages=e0158131|doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0158131|issn=1932-6203|pmid=27348817}}</ref> === Ụdị ndị nche === Ịkpụ ntị nke Nkịta na-echebe anụ ụlọ bụ, ma ọ ka nwere ike ịbụ, omenala n'ọdịbendị ụfọdụ. A na-egbutu ntị nke nkịta ndị a na-eche nche - dị ka Caucasian Shepherd Dog <ref name="kavk"> {{Cite web|author=Samsonova|first=Anna|url=http://www.fci.be/uploaded_files/328g02-en.doc|title=Caucasian Shepherd Dog (Kavkazskaïa Ovtcharka)|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120426221530/http://www.fci.be/uploaded_files/328g02-en.doc|archivedate=2012-04-26|publisher=Fédération Cynologique Internationale|date=2 February 2011|accessdate=15 September 2011}} </ref> na Maremmano-Abruzzese Sheepdog - iji belata ohere nke anụ ọhịa wolf ma ọ bụ nkịta ndị iro na-ejide ha. <ref name="breber"> {{Cite book|author=Breber|first=Paolo|year=1983|title=Il Cane da Pastore Maremmano-Abruzzese|language=it|edition=2nd|pages=98–99|publisher=Firenze|location=Olimpia|chapter=The Maremmano-Abruzzese shepherd dog}} </ref> Dị ka otu nkọwa si kwuo, a na-akụ ihe ubi mgbe a na-enye ụmụ nkịta ara, n'ihe dị ka izu isii. Ọ bụ onye ọzụzụ atụrụ meworo agadi ma ọ bụ ọkachamara na-eme ya, na-eji ụta nkịtị a na-eji akpụ isi, nke a na-akpụ akpụ nke ọma. A na-ebipụ ntị ya ma ọ bụ ruo n'ókè dị ka nke nkịta ọhịa, ma ọ bụ gbaa gburugburu dị ka nke anụ ọhịa bea. A na-ebu ụzọ sie oghere ndị e wepụrụ, <ref name="anne"> {{Cite book|author=MacDonell|first=Anne|others=Atkinson, Amy (illustrator)|year=1907|url=https://archive.org/stream/inabruzzi00macdrich#page/n7/mode/2up|title=In the Abruzzi|location=New York, NY|publisher=F.A. Stokes}} </ref> mgbe ahụ, nye nwa nkịta ka ọ rie, na nkwenye na ọ ga-eme ka ọ bụrụ ihe "na-esi ísì ụtọ". <ref name="breber"/> Ụzọ ọzọ bụ iwepụ ntị n'aka ụmụ nkịta a mụrụ ọhụrụ site na ịmegharị ha; Otú ọ dị, nke a hapụrụ ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ntị mpụga na nkịta ahụ.<ref name="breber" /> A kọwara ma igbu ntị na iji okpu olu nwere spiked ihe karịrị narị afọ atọ gara aga, dị ka ihe nchebe megide anụ ọhịa wolf.<ref> {{Cite book|first=Jean|author={{nobr|de la Fontaine}}|authorlink=Jean de la Fontaine|chapter=Fable&nbsp;9|title=The Fables of la Fontaine|quote=translated in verse from the French|edition=English|language=en-UK|origyear=1678|year=1862|location=London, UK|publisher=Miller|url=https://archive.org/details/fablesdelafonta02fontgoog}} </ref> === Ịlụ ọgụ === Dị ka ụdị ndị na-eche nche, na ọgụ egwuregwu, a na-eji ihe ọkụkụ eme ihe iji belata ihe ize ndụ nke ịta ntị na ijide ya. Ntị bụ ihe dị mfe maka anụmanụ na-emegide ya ijide ma ọ bụ dọwaa ya.<ref name="Briar"></ref> Nkịta nwere ike igbu ntị ha, n'ụzọ iwu kwadoro ma ọ bụ na ọ bụghị, maka isonye na ọgụ nkịta, n'onwe ha iwu na-akwadoghị n'ọtụtụ ikike.<ref name="curtis"> {{Cite book|author=Curtis|first=Patricia|year=2002|title=City Dog: Choosing and living well with a dog in town|location=New York, NY|publisher=Lantern Books|isbn=978-1-59056-000-6|url=https://archive.org/details/citydog00patr}} </ref><ref> {{Cite book|author=Robert|first=Thayer Sataloff|date=2006|title=Occupational Hearing Loss|edition=3rd|location=Boca Raton, FL|publisher=CRC Press|isbn=9781420015478|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pn8qBgAAQBAJ}} </ref> === Omume nke oge a === N'afọ 2000, dọkịta na-ahụ maka ụmụ anụmanụ Bruce Fogle dere, sị: <ref name="fogle2">{{Cite book|author=Fogle|first=Bruce|authorlink=Bruce Fogle|title=KISS Guide to Living with a Dog|date=2000|publisher=[[Dorling-Kindersley]]|isbn=0789459760}}</ref>   == Usoro == A maara usoro ọgwụ anụmanụ dị ka "cosmetic Otoplasty", ma na-agụnye iwepụ akụkụ nke pinnae, mpụga flap nke ntị. A na-emekarị ka ụmụ nkịta na-egbutu ihe mgbe ha dị izu 7 ruo 12. Mgbe izu iri na isii gasịrị, usoro ahụ na-afụ ụfụ karịa ma anụmanụ ahụ nwere ncheta ihe mgbu ka ukwuu.<ref name="Briar"></ref> A na-ewepụkarị ihe ruru nke oghere ntị n'ọrụ ịkpụcha, a na-ejikwa ihe na-emechi ọnụ ọnyá ahụ.  Mgbe ahụ, a na-ekpuchi ntị. A na-etinye ihe ọkụkụ ogologo ruo mgbe ha gwọrọ n'ụdị kwesịrị ekwesị.<ref name="doggies" /> A na-atụ aro ka a mee usoro ahụ n'okpuru anesthesia n'ozuzu; nchegbu ndị mmegide na-elekwasị anya na mgbu mgbe ịwa ahụ gasịrị.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.avma.org/KB/Resources/LiteratureReviews/Documents/dogs_ear_cropping_bgnd.pdf|title=Literature Review on the Welfare Implications of Ear Cropping-Dogs|date=March 13, 2013|publisher=American Veterinary Medical Association}}</ref> Ụlọ akwụkwọ anụmanụ ndị America anaghị akụzi ihe ọkụkụ (ma ọ bụ ịkwọ ụgbọ mmiri), ya mere ndị dọkịta anụmanụ na-eme omume ahụ ga-amụta ọrụ ahụ. Enwekwara nsogbu na ndị na-amụrụ ihe na-eme ka ntị na-egbutu, ọkachasị na ụlọ nkịta.<ref name="Broughton">{{Cite web|url=https://www.animallaw.info/article/cropping-and-docking-discussion-controversy-and-role-law-preventing-unnecessary-cosmetic|title=Cropping and Docking: A Discussion of the Controversy and the Role of Law in Preventing Unnecessary Cosmetic Surgery on Dogs|work=Animal Legal & Historical Center|publisher=Michigan State University College of Law|first=Amy L.|author=Broughton|date=2003}}</ref> N'ime afọ 100 gara aga ma ọ bụ karịa, a na-eme ka a na-egbutu ntị ugboro ugboro maka ebumnuche ịchọ mma. <ref name="murgai"/><ref name="CFHS" /> Na mba na steeti ebe ọ ka bụ iwu, a na-emekarị ya n'ihi na achọrọ ya dị ka akụkụ nke ụkpụrụ agbụrụ maka ngosi na Ihe ngosi nkịta. Na US, ọ bụ ezie na ịdọrọ ọdụ, iwepụ akara igwu mmiri, na usoro neutering ka bụ ihe a na-ahụkarị, ịkpụ ntị na-ebelata, ma e wezụga n'ime ụlọ ọrụ ngosi nkịta.<ref name="CFHS" /> Ụfọdụ ndị na-asọmpi mgbaaka na-ekwu na ha ga-akwụsị omume ahụ kpamkpam ma ọ bụrụ na ha ka nwere ike "mmeri na mgbaaka".<ref name="USAtoday">{{Cite web|url=https://usatoday30.usatoday.com/news/nation/2009-07-30-dog-tails_N.htm|title=Banfield pet hospitals ban tail docking, ear cropping on dogs|author=Weise|first=Elizabeth|work=[[USA Today]]|date=30 July 2011|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121026065343/https://usatoday30.usatoday.com/news/nation/2009-07-30-dog-tails_N.htm|archivedate=October 26, 2012}}</ref> === Ihe atụ nke ụdị owuwe ihe ubi ===   == Ahụike anụmanụ na iwu == Omume a megidere iwu n'ọtụtụ Europe, gụnyere mba niile kwadoro European Convention for the Protection of Pet Animals, na ọtụtụ mba ndị so na Fédération Cynologique Internationale.<ref name="fogle">{{Cite book|first=Bruce|author=Fogle|authorlink=Bruce Fogle|isbn=0789459760|title=KISS Guide to Living with a Dog|date=2000|publisher=[[Dorling-Kindersley]]}}</ref> Ọ bụ iwu na-akwadoghị na mpaghara nke Spain na mpaghara ụfọdụ nke Canada. A ka na-akụ ntị n'ọtụtụ ebe na United States na akụkụ nke Canada, na ihe dịka ụmụ nkịta 130,000 na United States chere na a na-akụ ntụrụndụ ha kwa afọ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.animallaw.info/articles/dduscroppingdocking.htm|title=Cropping and Docking: A Discussion of the Controversy and the Role of Law in Preventing Unnecessary Cosmetic Surgery on Dogs|publisher=Animallaw.info|accessdate=2013-04-17}}</ref> American Kennel Club (AKC) na Canadian Kennel Club na-ekwe ka omume ahụ. Ọnọdụ AKC bụ na ịkpụcha ntị na ịkpụchi ọdụ bụ "omume a na-anabata nke dị mkpa iji kọwaa ma chekwaa àgwà agbụrụ na / ma ọ bụ melite ahụike dị mma. " Ọ bụ ezie na ụfọdụ steeti n'otu n'otu agbalịwo ịmachibido ịkpụ ntị, enwere mmegide siri ike site na ụfọdụ òtù agbụrụ nkịta, ndị na-ekwu maka nchegbu ahụike na ọdịnala.<ref name="NY">{{Cite web|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20060618183601/http://www.akc.org/news/index.cfm?article_id=2908|archivedate=18 June 2006|url=http://www.akc.org/news/index.cfm?article_id=2908|title=New Call to Action for Amended NY State Crop/Dock Bill|publisher=[[American Kennel Club]]|date=9 June 2006|accessdate=31 December 2007}}</ref><ref name="Boxer">{{Cite web|author=Abraham, S.|year=1993|url=http://americanboxerclub.org/Gazette/gaz93-01.pdf|publisher=American Kennel Club Gazette, American Boxer Club|accessdate=January 18, 2016|title=Sad lesson learned|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120406194857/http://www.americanboxerclub.org/Gazette/gaz93-01.pdf|archivedate=April 6, 2012}}</ref> American Veterinary Medical Association "na-emegide igbu ntị na ịkwụnye ọdụ nke nkịta mgbe emechara naanị maka ebumnuche ịchọ mma" ma "na-agba ume iwepụ igbu ntị na ọdụ site na ụkpụrụ ọmụmụ". <ref name="avma">{{Cite web|url=https://www.avma.org/resources-tools/avma-policies/ear-cropping-and-tail-docking-dogs|title=Ear cropping and tail docking of dogs|work=[[American Veterinary Medical Association]]|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200520001141/https://www.avma.org/resources-tools/avma-policies/ear-cropping-and-tail-docking-dogs|archivedate=May 20, 2020}}</ref> N'afọ 2009, Ụlọ Ọgwụ Ụmụ Anụmanụ Banfield Pet Hospital kwupụtara na ha agaghịzi eme ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri, ịkpụ ntị ma ọ bụ idobe nkịta.<ref name="USAtoday"/> A na-atụ aro na ịkụ mkpụrụ nwere ike igbochi ikike nkịta iji akara ntị na-ekwurịta okwu, agbanyeghị, enwebeghị ọmụmụ sayensị atụnyere nzikọrịta ozi ntị n'ime nkịta ndị a kpụrụ akpụ na ndị na-akụghị ahịhịa. === Ọnọdụ iwu site na mba === {| class="wikitable sortable" ! style="width: 100pt;" |Country !Status ! style="width: 100pt;" |Ban/restriction date (if applicable) |- |Australia |Banned <ref name="cfhs">{{Cite web|url=http://cfhs.ca/athome/ear_cropping_and_tail_docking|title=Ear cropping and tail docking|publisher=Canadian Federation of Humane Societies|accessdate=2011-09-13|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110909124714/http://cfhs.ca/athome/ear_cropping_and_tail_docking/|archivedate=2011-09-09}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|author=Wynn|first=Susan|date=2014-06-11|title=World Small Animal Veterinary Association World Congress Proceedings, 2001|url=http://www.vin.com/doc/?id=6327178}}</ref> | |- |[[Austria]] |Banned<ref name="ypaat">{{Cite web|url=http://www.opengov.gr/ypaat/?c=2188|title=Υπουργείο Αγροτικής Ανάπτυξης και Τροφίμων {{pipe}} Δικτυακός Τόπος Διαβουλεύσεων|work=Ministry of Rural Development and Food, Athens, Greece|language=el|date=April 2011}}</ref> |1 January 2005 |- |[[Belgium]] |Banned<ref name="ypaat" /> |1 January 2006 |- |[[Bosnia na Herzegovina|Bosnia and Herzegovina]] |Banned<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.paragraf.ba/propisi/bih/zakon-o-zastiti-i-dobrobiti-zivotinja.html|title=Zakon o zaštiti i dobrobiti životinja|language=bs|accessdate=26 March 2021}}</ref> | |- |Brazil |Banned for cosmetic purposes<ref name="ypaat" /> | |- |[[Bulgaria]] |Banned |1 February 2005 |- |Canada |Canada has no federal law banning pet cosmetic surgery. The Canadian Veterinary Medical Association opposes all cosmetic alterations.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.canadianveterinarians.net/documents/cosmetic-alteration|title=CVMA {{pipe}} Documents {{pipe}} Cosmetic Alteration – Position Statement|work=www.canadianveterinarians.net|accessdate=20 March 2016|archivedate=19 August 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200819092623/https://www.canadianveterinarians.net/documents/cosmetic-alteration}}</ref> Two provinces have provincial legislation prohibiting ear cropping, tail docking, and most cosmetic surgeries: Prince Edward Island (☨1)<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/prince-edward-island/animal-welfare-act-outlaws-animal-ear-cropping-and-tail-docking-1.3301418|title=Animal Welfare Act outlaws animal ear cropping and tail docking|date=November 4, 2015|first=Mitch|author=Cormier|work=CBC News}}</ref> and Newfoundland and Labrador (☨2). Three provinces' veterinary associations ban all veterinarians from performing cosmetic surgeries on pets: New Brunswick (☨3),<ref name="ypaat" /> Nova Scotia (☨4), and Quebec<ref>{{Cite news|title=Quebec's order of veterinarians bans pet cosmetic surgery|work=CBC News|date=6 February 2016|url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/montreal/quebec-veterinarians-pets-cosmetic-surgery-ban-2016-1.3437083|accessdate=20 March 2016}}</ref> (☨5) Three provincial veterinary associations have bans on ear cropping alone: Manitoba (☨6),<ref name="CBC">{{Cite web|url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/manitoba/story/2012/02/10/mb-dog-ear-cropping-illegal-manitoba.html|title=Ear cropping of dogs banned in Manitoba|date=February 10, 2012|work=CBC News}}</ref> British Columbia (☨7),<ref>{{Cite news|title=Cosmetic ear cropping banned by B.C. veterinarians|url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/british-columbia/cosmetic-ear-cropping-1.3292068|accessdate=20 March 2016|work=CBC New - British Columbia|date=28 October 2015}}</ref> and Saskatchewan (☨8).<ref>{{Cite web|title=Bylaws Of the Saskatchewan Veterinary Medical Association|date=September 17, 2015|url=http://svma.sk.ca/uploads/pdf/BYLAWS%202015%20FINAL%20COPY%20FOR%20WEBSITE.pdf|accessdate=2016-03-20|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161006104420/http://svma.sk.ca/uploads/pdf/BYLAWS%202015%20FINAL%20COPY%20FOR%20WEBSITE.pdf|archivedate=2016-10-06}}</ref> | ☨1: 10 July 2015 ☨2: 1978 ☨3: 15 October 2008 ☨4: 1 April 2010 ☨5: 1 January 2017 ☨6: 3 February 2012 ☨7: 2015 ☨8: 2013 |- |[[Kroatia|Croatia]] |Banned<ref name="ypaat" /> |2007<ref>{{Cite web|title=Rep sa sretnim završetkom|work=[[Jutarnji list]]|date=11 January 2008|url=https://www.jutarnji.hr/naslovnica/rep-sa-sretnim-zavrsetkom-3285635|language=hr|accessdate=26 March 2021}}</ref> |- |Cyprus |Banned<ref name="ypaat" /> |1993 |- |[[Chekia|Czech Republic]] |Banned<ref name="ECPPA" /> |1 April 1999 |- |[[Denmark]] |Banned<ref name="cfhs" /> |1 June 1996 |- |England |Banned<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|date=8 November 2006|title=Animal Welfare Act 2006|url=https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2006/45/contents|work=legislation.gov.uk}}</ref> |1899 |- |[[Estoniya|Estonia]] |Banned<ref name="ypaat" /> |2001 |- |[[Finland]] |Banned<ref name="eslaki">{{Cite web|author=Oy|first=Edita Publishing|title=FINLEX - Säädökset alkuperäisinä: Eläinsuojelulaki 91/1971 (Finnish Animal Protection Law)|url=https://www.finlex.fi/fi/laki/alkup/1971/19710091|work=finlex.fi|language=fi}}</ref> |15 February 1971 |- |France |Banned<ref name="legif">{{Cite web|url=https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/codes/id/LEGIARTI000021647477/2010-01-01/|title=Sous-section 2 : Dispositions relatives aux animaux de compagnie (Articles R214-19-1 à R214-34) - Légifrance|work=www.legifrance.gouv.fr|language=fr}}</ref> |1 January 2010 |- |Germany |Banned<ref name="ECPPA" /> |1 May 1992 |- |[[Greece]] |Banned<ref name="ypaat" /> |27 February 1992 |- |[[Hungary]] |Banned<ref name="ypaat" /> | |- |[[Iceland]] |Banned<ref name="ypaat" /> |2001 |- |India |Previously restricted, currently unrestricted <ref name="sura">{{Cite web|author=Ajay Sura|date=Apr 14, 2013|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2013-04-14/chandigarh/38529054_1_tail-ears-kennel-club|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130515093634/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2013-04-14/chandigarh/38529054_1_tail-ears-kennel-club|archivedate=2013-05-15|title=Now, you can dock dogs' tail|work=The Times of India}}</ref> | |- |Ireland |Banned<ref>{{Cite web|title=Minister McConalogue announces new legislation to protect dogs from ear cropping|url=https://www.gov.ie/en/press-release/c33f6-minister-mcconalogue-announces-new-legislation-to-protect-dogs-from-ear-cropping/|work=www.gov.ie|language=en|date=25 August 2023}}</ref> | |- |Israel |Banned<ref name="defra">{{Cite web|url=http://www.defra.gov.uk/animalh/welfare/domestic/awbillconsulttaildocking.pdf|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070626075746/http://www.defra.gov.uk/animalh/welfare/domestic/awbillconsulttaildocking.pdf|title=A review of the scientific aspects and veterinary opinions relating to tail docking in dogs|archivedate=June 26, 2007|date=2005|work=defra.gov.uk}}</ref> |2000 |- |Italy |Banned<ref name="ECPPA" /> |1 November 2011 |- |[[Latvia]] |Banned<ref name="ypaat" /> | |- |[[Lithunia|Lithuania]] |Banned<ref name="ypaat" /> | |- |[[Luxembourg]] |Banned<ref name="ECPPA" /> |1 May 1992 |- |[[Netherlands]] |Banned<ref name="ypaat" /> |1 September 2001 |- |New Zealand |Banned<ref name="cfhs" /> |2004 |- |Northern Ireland |Banned<ref name="ypaat" /><ref name=":0" /> |2011 |- |[[Norway]] |Banned<ref name="cfhs" /> |1954 |- |[[Poland]] |Banned<ref name="ypaat" /> |1997 |- |[[Portugal]] |Banned<ref name="ECPPA" /> |1 January 1994 |- |[[Romania]] |Banned<ref name="ypaat" /> |2008 |- |Russia |Restricted{{Citation needed|date=September 2011}} | |- |Scotland |Banned<ref name="ypaat" /><ref name="johnston" /><ref name=":0" /> |1899 |- |[[Serbia]] |Banned<ref>{{Cite web|title=Zakon o Dobrobiti Životinja|url=https://www.paragraf.rs/propisi/zakon_o_dobrobiti_zivotinja.html|accessdate=1 January 2019}}</ref> |2019 |- |[[Slovakia]] |Banned<ref name="ypaat" /> |1 January 2003 |- |[[Slovenia]] |Banned<ref name="ZZZiv">{{Cite web|url=http://zakonodaja.gov.si/rpsi/r08/predpis_ZAKO4018.html|title=Zakon o zaščiti živali (Uradno prečiščeno besedilo) (ZZZiv-UPB1)|accessdate=2009-09-09|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100209090436/http://zakonodaja.gov.si/rpsi/r08/predpis_ZAKO4018.html|archivedate=2010-02-09}} Slovene Animal Protection Act (in Slovene)</ref> |April 2007 |- |South Africa |Banned<ref name="ypaat" /> |June 2008 |- |Spain |Banned in autonomies of Catalonia and Andalucia<ref name="ypaat" /> | |- |Sweden |Banned<ref>{{Cite web|title=Djurskyddsbestämmelser - Hund|url=https://www2.jordbruksverket.se/download/18.7f64c0b5150cc5875dcbb105/1446627262283/jo11_2v4.pdf|accessdate=2021-01-25}}</ref> |1989 |- |[[Switzerland]] |Banned<ref name="ypaat" /> |1997 |- |[[Turkéy|Turkey]] |Banned<ref>{{Cite web|title=5199 Animal Protection Law - Article 8|url=http://www.lawsturkey.com/law/5199-animal-protection-law|work=Laws , Regulations in Turkey|accessdate=12 November 2017|archivedate=13 November 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171113003309/http://www.lawsturkey.com/law/5199-animal-protection-law}}</ref> |2004 |- |United States |Unrestricted{{refn|Some states, including New York<ref name="NY"/> and Vermont, have considered bills to make the practice illegal|group=note}} |2003 |- |Virgin Islands |Banned<ref name="ypaat" /> |2005 |- |Wales |Banned<ref name="ypaat" /><ref name="johnston" /><ref name=":0" /> |1899 |} == Anụmanụ ndị na-abụghị nkịta == Ịkpụpụta akụkụ buru ibu nke pinnae nke anụmanụ ndị ọzọ bụ ihe a na-adịghị ahụkebe, ọ bụ ezie na ịkpụpụta ọdịdị na pinnae anụ ụlọ, nke a na-akpọ earmarks, bụ ihe a ma ama tupu iwebata akara ntị iwu. A ka na-eji iwepụ akụkụ nke ntị nke òké ụlọ nyocha ma ọ bụ nwamba na-enweghị eriri maka njirimara, ya bụ, ịpị ntị ma ọ bụ ịpị isi ntị.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Eartipping|url=https://www.neighborhoodcats.org/how-to-tnr/veterinary/eartipping|work=Neighborhood Cats|accessdate=24 March 2022}}</ref> Omume nke ịkpa ihe maka ebumnuche ntecha bụ ihe a na-adịghị ahụkebe na ndị na-abụghị nkịta, ọ bụ ezie na ụfọdụ anụmanụ a na-azụlite nwere obere ntị nke nwere ike ịghọtahie maka ịkpa ihe.[note 2] == Hụkwa == * Okpokoro (ọdụ nkịta) * Ịkpụzi ntị (ntị mmadụ) * Nchịkọta nke usoro mwakpo na-emetụta ụmụ anụmanụ == Ihe edeturu == .mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman} == Ebem si dee == <div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 45em;"> <references responsive="0"> <ref name="ECPPA"><templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles><cite class="citation web cs1">[https://www.coe.int/en/web/conventions/full-list "Chart of signatures and ratifications of Treaty 125 - European Convention for the Protection of Pet Animals"]. ''Treaty Office''. 14 October 2020.</cite></ref> </references> </div> [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 1sak3bq6lq0dxajqgftmv3pnfeusjk8 0 50033 644287 641829 2026-05-30T20:22:53Z Wikipedian12512(alt) 61413 ce 644287 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:1719559916018 20240627 DIERINGER Elisabeth AT 012.jpg|thumb|Elisabeth Dieringer-Granza (2024)]] Elisabeth Dieringer-Granza (atụrụ 12 Mee 1974) bụ onye agha ndị Austria si Freedom Party of Austria (FPÖ).  Site na akwụkwọ 2018 ruo 2023 ọ bụ onye otu nzuko omeiwu steeti Carinthia .  oyiyi 16 Julaị 2024 ọ bụbu onye otu nzuko omeiwu Europe. == Ndụ == === Agụmakwụkwọ na ọrụ === Mgbe ụlọ akwụkwọ elementrị caafimaad na Maria Gail [ de ], Elisabeth Dieringer-Granza gara BG/BRG Villach St. Martin, ebe ọ akwụkwọ akwụkwọ na 1992.  Broka ọha na eze yana Ịtali na ọkụ ihe ngosi nka na Mahadum Graz, nke ọ gụchara na 1998 site na nzere masta na akwụkwọ med med Widmann na ọnọdụ nke ime-Austrian.  -Venitian na-egbochi ọha na eze na apụ nke 17 Site na 2005 ọ ori dị ka onye nkuzi na ụlọ akwụkwọ elementrị na Villach-Lind na ruo 2013 na Federal High School (BRG) na Spittal an der Drau .  Site na 2013 ruo 2017 ọ bụ osote onye isi oche nke Carinthian State School Board, na mọ 2018 ọ na-eje ozi na Porciagymnasium na Spittal. === Ọrụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị === Elisabeth Dieringer-Granza abụrụla onye osote onye isi otu pati steeti FPÖ Carinthia anụ June 2016. Ọ bụ onye isi oche steeti nke Freedom Women's Initiative (IFF) Carinthia ma bụrụ onye isi oche nke FPÖ Villach ime obodo ruo 2018, ebe ọ gara  n'ihu na-abụ onye otu kansụl ime obodo anụ ahụ.  N'ime usoro nhazi nke ụdị Kurz mbụ mgbe aka nke 2017 National Council, ọ ọkpụkpọ n'ụdị FPÖ na otu nhọrọ nhọrọ . Na 12 April 2018, a ṅụrụ iyi dị ka onye so na ndị omeiwu nke Carinthia State na nhụnanya nke oge nke 32nd, ebe ọ bụ onye òtù nke Kọmitii maka ọrụ aka ụmụ amaala, Direct Democracy na mer, Kọmitii maka Women, Generations.  na Integration, Kọmitii maka akwụkwọ, ìdí na mgbasa na eze na Kọmitii maka Omenala, mmiri na Europe. Na January 2019, pịara ya dị ka onye ndoro-ndoro ochichi nke Carinthian FPÖ maka mmalite aka Europe nke 2019 mana nwaghị ya.  .  Na njedebe nke Nọvemba 2021, a mara ọkwa na ọ gara nhụnanya na nzuko omeiwu steeti Carinthia n'agbanyeghị ihe enyemaka maka nje COVID-19 .  O boro ebubo na ọ jiri akara COVID-19 faịlụ ozi ederede na ike.  [4] Ọ nọghị na ndepụta ọlụ maka mbụ aka steeti 2023, mgbe mmalite aka steeti ọ nwu nzuko omeiwu steeti.  [5].. . <ref>{{Cite web|accessdate=2024-03-20|author=Tanja Janschitz|date=2024-03-19|title=Kärntnerin auf 6. Listenplatz: FPÖ präsentierte alle EU-Kandidaten|url=https://www.5min.at/5202403181616/kaerntnerin-auf-6-listenplatz-fpoe-praesentierte-alle-eu-kandidaten/|work=5min.at}}</ref> == Ntụaka == <references /> == Njikọ mpụga == == Hụkwa == * Ndị omeiwu Europe (2024-2029) {{DEFAULTSORT:Dieringer-Granza, Elisabeth}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] nzsxj042ixkaq8d9tvzqlv6fueirza1 644288 644287 2026-05-30T20:23:08Z Wikipedian12512(alt) 61413 ce 644288 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:1719559916018 20240627 DIERINGER Elisabeth AT 012.jpg|thumb|Elisabeth Dieringer-Granza (2024)]] Elisabeth Dieringer-Granza (atụrụ 12 Mee 1974) bụ onye agha ndị Austria si Freedom Party of Austria (FPÖ).  Site na akwụkwọ 2018 ruo 2023 ọ bụ onye otu nzuko omeiwu steeti Carinthia.  oyiyi 16 Julaị 2024 ọ bụbu onye otu nzuko omeiwu Europe. == Ndụ == === Agụmakwụkwọ na ọrụ === Mgbe ụlọ akwụkwọ elementrị caafimaad na Maria Gail [ de ], Elisabeth Dieringer-Granza gara BG/BRG Villach St. Martin, ebe ọ akwụkwọ akwụkwọ na 1992.  Broka ọha na eze yana Ịtali na ọkụ ihe ngosi nka na Mahadum Graz, nke ọ gụchara na 1998 site na nzere masta na akwụkwọ med med Widmann na ọnọdụ nke ime-Austrian.  -Venitian na-egbochi ọha na eze na apụ nke 17 Site na 2005 ọ ori dị ka onye nkuzi na ụlọ akwụkwọ elementrị na Villach-Lind na ruo 2013 na Federal High School (BRG) na Spittal an der Drau .  Site na 2013 ruo 2017 ọ bụ osote onye isi oche nke Carinthian State School Board, na mọ 2018 ọ na-eje ozi na Porciagymnasium na Spittal. === Ọrụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị === Elisabeth Dieringer-Granza abụrụla onye osote onye isi otu pati steeti FPÖ Carinthia anụ June 2016. Ọ bụ onye isi oche steeti nke Freedom Women's Initiative (IFF) Carinthia ma bụrụ onye isi oche nke FPÖ Villach ime obodo ruo 2018, ebe ọ gara  n'ihu na-abụ onye otu kansụl ime obodo anụ ahụ.  N'ime usoro nhazi nke ụdị Kurz mbụ mgbe aka nke 2017 National Council, ọ ọkpụkpọ n'ụdị FPÖ na otu nhọrọ nhọrọ . Na 12 April 2018, a ṅụrụ iyi dị ka onye so na ndị omeiwu nke Carinthia State na nhụnanya nke oge nke 32nd, ebe ọ bụ onye òtù nke Kọmitii maka ọrụ aka ụmụ amaala, Direct Democracy na mer, Kọmitii maka Women, Generations.  na Integration, Kọmitii maka akwụkwọ, ìdí na mgbasa na eze na Kọmitii maka Omenala, mmiri na Europe. Na January 2019, pịara ya dị ka onye ndoro-ndoro ochichi nke Carinthian FPÖ maka mmalite aka Europe nke 2019 mana nwaghị ya.  .  Na njedebe nke Nọvemba 2021, a mara ọkwa na ọ gara nhụnanya na nzuko omeiwu steeti Carinthia n'agbanyeghị ihe enyemaka maka nje COVID-19 .  O boro ebubo na ọ jiri akara COVID-19 faịlụ ozi ederede na ike.  [4] Ọ nọghị na ndepụta ọlụ maka mbụ aka steeti 2023, mgbe mmalite aka steeti ọ nwu nzuko omeiwu steeti.  [5].. . <ref>{{Cite web|accessdate=2024-03-20|author=Tanja Janschitz|date=2024-03-19|title=Kärntnerin auf 6. Listenplatz: FPÖ präsentierte alle EU-Kandidaten|url=https://www.5min.at/5202403181616/kaerntnerin-auf-6-listenplatz-fpoe-praesentierte-alle-eu-kandidaten/|work=5min.at}}</ref> == Ntụaka == <references /> == Njikọ mpụga == == Hụkwa == * Ndị omeiwu Europe (2024-2029) {{DEFAULTSORT:Dieringer-Granza, Elisabeth}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] lsqatbaj7wiq1diwos80rz24hlfr3eu 0 50066 644420 180250 2026-05-30T23:38:07Z Sylvaline39 15355 Fixed reference error 644420 wikitext text/x-wiki   mkpa musulmi ( JMP ) maka inye mmiri na akpụkpọ ọcha nke WHO na UNICEF [1] bụ usoro ọrụ United Nations na-arụ ọrụ iji àmà n'ihu na Sustainable Development Goal Number 6 (SDG 6) 2016. Na mbụ, ruo n'afọ 2015, e nyere JMP ọrụ oru Millennium Development Goal (MDG) ọrịa mmiri na ọcha ọcha (MDG 7, Target 7c), nke bụ: "Ọkara, site na 2015, ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ndị na  - anya ike nchekwa. mmiri na isi ihe ọcha. <ref>[[United Nations]]:[http://www.unesco.org/water/wwap/facts_figures/basic_needs.shtml World Water Assessment Program], accessed on February 27, 2010</ref> The JMP nọ n'ime World Health Organisation na UNICEF, ma na-akwado Strategic Advisory Group nke akwụkwọ onwe oru na ihe ndị dị iche iche Nka na ẹzẹ Task Forces gba gburugburu mkpa kpọmkwem isiokwu.. == Ihe omume == Mpaghara anọ dị mkpa nke JMP maka 2010-2015 bụ: * na-ejigide iguzosi ike n'ezi ihe nke nchekwa data JMP na ịhụ na atụmatụ zuru ụwa ọnụ ziri ezi; * na-ekesa data na ndị na-eme ihe; * imezu oke ọrụ nke JMP n'ịzụlite na ịkwado ihe ngosi ebumnuche; * na-eme ka mmekọrịta dị n'etiti mba na JMP. Kwa apụ abụọ, JMP na-onye ọkpụkpọ ọhụrụ ya maka iji ụdị mmiri dị iche iche na ebe a na-edebe ihe ọcha na ọkwa mba, mpaghara na ụwa.  [3] Akụkọ na-esote "Ọganihu na akwụkwọ ọcha na akwụkwọ ọcha nke mmiri ọ drinkụ drinkụ ụlọ: 2000-2020", ewepụtara na Julaị 2021 na webụsaịtị JMP . JMP na-eme ka data ya na ozi ya dị site na ọwa na usoro nkuzi na mba, ime iche ya na webụsaịtị bụ isi biennial, ọnụ ọgụgụ UNICEF, yana site na Google Public Data.  [3] A na-ibu data a bụ ụlọ akụ mba ụwa na Òtù Ahụ ike na-ahụ maka Statistical Information System (WHOSIS). JMP na otu mba ụwa na mba ndị ọzọ na-arụkọ ọrụ iji wusie nleba anya zuru ụwa ọnụ na nke ụlọ. Mmemme ahụ na-arụkwa ọrụ nkwado, na-akọwapụta ikike imeziwanye mmiri ọṅụṅụ na ịdị ọcha maka ndị mmadụ na-efunahụ ma na-enyere aka n'ịkwado ntinye aka. Na lugị maka oge post-2015 ( Sustainable Development Goals ), JMP mkpala ọrụ a na-arụ ọrụ nke na-ihe ihe ndị nwere ike ime n'ihe na ihe ngosi maka mmiri, ọcha ọcha, ọcha ọcha na nha nhata / akara ngosi  ókè. {| class="wikitable unsortable" style="float:right;" ! colspan="2" scope="col" width="1" |JMP Ọṅụ mmanya |- | style="background:#0080c6;" | | Ejisiri ya nke ọma |- | style="background:#00b8ec;" | | Isi |- | style="background:#fff176;" | | Oke |- | style="background:#ffda46;" | | Emelitere |- | style="background:#FEBC11;" | | Mmiri dị n'elu |- | colspan="2" | [https://washdata.org/monitoring/drinking-water <small>isi iyi</small>] |} N'ịkọ akụkọ banyere ojiji nke mba, mpaghara na ụwa niile nke ụdị mmiri ọṅụṅụ dị iche iche na ebe a na-edebe ihe ọcha, JMP na-akwadosi mba dị iche iche na mbọ ha na-eme iji nyochaa ngalaba a na ịmepụta atụmatụ na njikwa ihe akaebe, na-ekere òkè dị mkpa n'ichepụta ihe ngosi. ma na-akwado n'aha ndị mmadụ na-enweghị mma mmiri ma ọ bụ ịdị ọcha. == Ọhụụ na ozi == Ọhụụ JMP bụ iji mee ka ọganiru na-aga n'ihu zuru ụwa ọnụ yana ohere dịgidere maka ndị bi n'ụwa na-emepe emepe maka mmiri dị mma na idebe ihe ọcha, gụnyere mmezu nke ebumnuche MDG n'afọ 2015. Ebumnuche JMP bụ ịbụ ebe ntụkwasị obi nke data zuru ụwa ọnụ, mpaghara na mba maka ịnweta mmiri ọñụụ dị ọcha na idebe ihe ọcha, maka gọọmentị, ndị na-enye onyinye, òtù mba ụwa na ọha mmadụ. == Ihe ngosi == JMP na-eji ihe ngosi MDG ndị a maka nleba anya: * Ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ndị bi na-eji isi iyi mmiri ọṅụṅụ emelitere ; * Ọnụọgụ nke ndị mmadụ na-eji ụlọ ọcha emelitere . A kọwapụtara isi iyi mmiri emelitere nke ọma site na JMP dị ka nke, site na ọdịdị nke owuwu ya ma ọ bụ site na ntinye aka na-arụsi ọrụ ike, enwere ike ichebe ya pụọ na mmetọ n'èzí, karịsịa site na mmetọ nke ihe fecal. A kọwapụtara ụlọ ịdị ọcha emelitere ka ọ bụrụ nke nwere ike kewapụ ihe mkpocha mmadụ n'ụzọ ịdị ọcha na mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya, e nyere ọmụmaatụ ụfọdụ na nkọwa ya. <ref name=":0">JMP Website (WHO and UNICEF) [http://www.wssinfo.org/definitions-methods/ Definitions] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131124020700/http://www.wssinfo.org/definitions-methods/ |date=2013-11-24 }}, accessed on 12 March 2015</ref> An improved sanitation facility is defined as one that is likely to hygienically separate human excreta from human contact, and some examples are given in the definition. == Ụzọ atụmatụ == JMP ego anakọta data isi n'onwe ya.  Kama, ruo n'ókè o kwere mee, ọ na-eji ikike data sitere na isi nọmba dị ka ọnụọgụgụ na n'ihe ngosi nke mba nke ndị isi ọnụ ọgụgụ mba na-eme kwa afọ ole na ole.  Ihe ndị a na-ekiri ihe ngosi ihe ngosi Multiple Indicator Surveys (MICS) na-akwado UNICEF na nyọcha ọnụọgụgụ ndị na-egosi (DHS) na-akwado USAID.  Otu n'ime ihe ịma mma aka ndị JMP chere ihu bụ na mod maka isi iyi mmiri dị mma na imeziwanye ihe ọcha agbanwe agbanwe na mba niile.  Ihe ịma aka ọzọ bụ na a na-eme ọnụ ọgụgụ na-akpa nna kwa afọ ole na ole.  Ndị JMP si otú a na-eji nkwụghachi azụ n'ahịrị na-eme akara data maka otu mba ọ mụrụ na ọ dịghị ihe ma ọ bụ ọnụ e mere n'afọ ahụ, iji nwee ike iji data n  'ofe mba maka awụ ahụ. === Ihe kpatara ndịiche nke atụmatụ === Ihe ngosi ndị JMP ji mee ihe na-arụrịta ụka n'ihi na ha enweghị ike ikwekọ mgbe niile n'ọdịnala ọdịnala na echiche obodo banyere ihe na-arụ ọrụ ma ọ bụ na-adịghị, ma nwee ike ịdị iche na atụmatụ mba. Esemokwu dị n'etiti atụmatụ mkpuchi mba na mba ụwa (JMP) bụ n'ozuzu n'ihi otu ma ọ bụ karịa n'ime ihe ndị a: 2) Mwepu nke ndị na-eji akụrụngwa idebe ihe ọcha nke ụdị ọzọ emelitere, na ndị a na-eche na ha kwalitere ịdị ọcha. 3) Iji nyocha kacha ọhụrụ ma ọ bụ ngụkọ nchoputa vs. iji atụmatụ agbakwunyere na-adabere na nlọghachi azụ linear. 4) Iji ọnụ ọgụgụ mmadụ dị iche iche, gụnyere nkesa dị iche iche nke obodo mepere emepe na ime obodo 5) Iji atụmatụ "ochie" nke na-adịghị egosipụta ihe kachasị ọhụrụ ma ọ bụ ihe niile sitere na nyocha nlele ọhụrụ ma ọ bụ ọnụ ọgụgụ ọhụrụ. 6) Iji data ozi ahịrị “kọpụtara” vs. iji data enwetara onwe ya site na nyocha nlele ma ọ bụ ngụkọ. === Ihe ịma aka === Ozi zuru oke gbasara nchekwa mmiri ọ drinkingụ ,ụ, na ntụkwasị obi na nkwado nke mmiri ọ drinkingụ andụ na ebe nchekwa adịghị adị n'ụwa niile, ya mere, anaghị etinye akụkụ ndị a na nkọwa ndị ugbu a. <ref>WHO and UNICEF [https://web.archive.org/web/20120328173008/http://www.wssinfo.org/fileadmin/user_upload/resources/JMP-report-2012-en.pdf ''Progress on Drinking-water and Sanitation: 2012 Update''], op.cit page 4</ref> Nnwale nyocha nke microbial na mmiri kemịkalụ dị n'usoro n'ọkwa mba na mba niile dị oke ọnụ nke ukwuu yana mgbagwoju anya. Agbanyeghị, JMP na-arụ ọrụ iji tinye akụkụ ndị a siri ike ruo n'ókè enwere ike na egosi n'ọdịnihu. N'agbata afọ 2002 na 2008, a haziri ọrụ nyocha ngwa ngwa nke Ịṅụ Mmiri-mmiri (RADWQ) ma nyochaa ịdị mma nke mmiri ọṅụṅụ sitere na isi mmalite dị mma n'ọtụtụ mba ndị na-anya ụgbọelu. Na 2011, JMP lekwasịrị anya akụkọ akụkọ ya gbasara nha anya, nchekwa na nkwado. N'afọ 2012, JMP nọ na-akwado ịnya ụgbọ elu nke nnwale mmiri n'akụkụ nyocha ezinụlọ. == Hụkwa == * Imeghe imeghe == Ntụaka == {{Reflist|2}} [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] i0lq85z5s6lzzuvpyk0idirx2mi3g2z 0 50160 644322 180484 2026-05-30T21:24:03Z Sayvhior 13464 Fixed reference errors 644322 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Valter Klauson (tlm f6638 7).tif|thumb|Valter Klauson]] '''Valter Klauson''' (2 Jenụwarị 1914, Tolmachyovo – 5 Disemba 1988, [[Tallinn]] ) bụ onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Soviet na Estonia. <ref name="Toomla, 1999">{{Cite book|author=Toomla|first=Jaan|title=Valitud ja valitsenud: Eesti Parlamentaarsete ja muude esinduskogude ja valitsuste isikkoosseis aastail 1917–1999|date=1999|publisher=[[Estonian National Library]]|location=Tallinn|isbn=9985921720|url=https://www.digar.ee/viewer/et/nlib-digar:288727/264611/page/267|accessdate=11 March 2021|language=Estonian}}</ref> Site na 1961 ruo 1984, ọ bụ onye isi oche nke Council of Minister nke Estonia Soviet Socialist Republic . <ref name="Toomla, 1999" /> == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} p7lc55pz27fwns5h1y1zkslet01z2oz 0 50204 644246 180581 2026-05-30T19:47:33Z Sylvaline39 15355 fixed reference error 644246 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Valdemarsviks station.JPG|thumb|Valdemarsvik]]'''Valdemarsvik''' bụ obodo, nke dị n'akụkụ ọnụ mmiri Valdemarsviken [ sv ] nke jikọtara na Oké Osimiri Baltic . Ọ bụ oche nke obodo Valdemarsvik nke dị na Östergötland County, Sweden. Mpaghara dị n'ụsọ osimiri bụ ebe a na-ewu ewu n'oge okpomọkụ, ọkachasị ndị njem nlegharị anya Sweden. == Akụkọ ihe mere eme == [[Usòrò:Valdemarsvik_postcard_1913.jpg|áká_èkpè|thumb| Akwụkwọ ozi Valdemarsvik nke 1913]] Valdemarsvik bụ mmiri gbara ya gburugburu. Otú ọ dị, mgbe njedebe nke oge glacial ikpeazụ, ọ dị n'okpuru oke osimiri. N'ihi nlọghachi azụ nke glacial post-glacial, mmiri ahụ kwụsịrị ka ala ahụ na-ebili. Ọdịdị nke ala na-eme nri dọtara ndị ọbịa n'oge Bronze Age, gburugburu 1500 BC. <ref name="Val1">{{Cite web|title=Historik – Valdemarsviks kommun|url=http://www.valdemarsvik.se/sv/Publik/Om-kommunen/Historik/|publisher=Valdemarsvik Municipality|accessdate=24 January 2024|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110514184645/http://www.valdemarsvik.se/sv/Publik/Om-kommunen/Historik/|archivedate=14 May 2011|language=sv}}</ref> Àgwàetiti ndị gbara ya gburugburu nwere akụkọ ihe mere eme ọbara: foduru nke ụgbọ mmiri kpuru na ala nke oké osimiri na Viking Age fọdụrụnụ na-agba akaebe nke agha site n'oge ahụ. Ọrụ mmepụta ihe mere n'oge 1630, mgbe Valdemarsvik ghọrọ ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri maka ọla kọpa na akpụkpọ anụ ; Otu n'ime nnukwu ụlọ ọrụ akpụkpọ anụ Sweden dị na Valdemarsvik. Ebu ụzọ kpọọ aha obodo ahụ na 1664. <ref name="Val1"/> == Njem nlegharị anya na ntụrụndụ == Ịkwọ ụgbọ mmiri na-aga na Tjust archipelago [ sv ] igwu mmiri na azụ bụ ihe omume oge okpomọkụ na-ewu ewu. Njem njem ụgbọ mmiri na mgbazinye jetski dịkwa.   Ihe omume ntụrụndụ ndị ọzọ gụnyere ịgbazinye igwe kwụ otu ebe, gọlfụ, sinima, ịkwọ ụgbọ mmiri, na ịnya ịnyịnya. Enwere ụlọ ngosi ihe mgbe ochie dị n'ógbè ahụ enwere ike ịga leta. Onye na-ese ihe nkiri, onye na-ese ihe na onye na-ese ihe Milan Wobruba [ sv ] nwere ụlọ ihe nkiri, ebe ndị ọbịa nwere ohere itinye aka na ịfụ iko na imepụta iko. Otu "October Market", nke a na-eme kwa 4 October, bụ ma ahịa, nke nwere ngwá ahịa dị iche iche a ga-ere, na ihe ngosi, nke na-egosi acrobats, swiit owu, egwu ndụ na egwuregwu dị iche iche na-agba ịnyịnya . <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2024)">a chọrọ nkọwa</span>]]'' &#x5D;</sup> Ọtụtụ ụlọ oriri na ọṅụṅụ na ụlọ oriri na ọṅụṅụ Valdemarsvik na-emeghe n'afọ niile; ndị ọzọ na-emeghe n'oge njem nlegharị anya. Ọzọkwa, kwa afọ a na-enwe "asọmpi nri" pụrụ iche. A ga-eme efere, ka o kwere mee, ihe ndị a ga-emepụta na mpaghara ebe ndị juri ga-enyocha ya. A na-enyekwa nri a na-emeri emeri n'ọtụtụ ụlọ oriri na ọṅụṅụ na obodo. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.valdemarsvik.se/sv/Publik/Turism/Ata/|title=Äta – Valdemarsviks kommun|accessdate=17 January 2011|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110514175944/http://www.valdemarsvik.se/sv/Publik/Turism/Ata/|archivedate=14 May 2011}}</ref> == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} 9lsxh6srmi5zegepol1qpj4sa738y01 0 50234 643998 180643 2026-05-30T13:19:49Z Chiziqa 13055 Fixed reference error 643998 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Usòrò:Buck Mountain Long Lake.jpg|thumb|Buck Mountain Long Lake.]] Ugwu Buck bụ ugwu dị na mpaghara Adirondack Mountains nke New York.  Ọ dị na Long Lake, New York, ndị nwere ike nke Tupper Lake na Hamilton County .  Ebe nchekwa ọkụ Buck Mountain dị n'elu ugwu ahụ.  N'afọ 2023, ụzọ okporo ụzọ dị kilomita 1.2 arụpụtara nke mere ka ọha na eze ụlọ ụlọ elu ọkụ amachibidoro ogologo oge. <ref name="ADE">{{Cite news|title=Buck Mountain trail now open|url=https://www.adirondackdailyenterprise.com/news/local-news/2023/09/buck-mountain-trail-now-open/|accessdate=3 August 2024|work=Adirondack Daily Enterprise|date=September 18, 2023}}</ref> == Akụkọ ihe mere eme == [[Usòrò:Buck_Mountain_Fire_Tower.jpg|áká_èkpè|thumb| Ụlọ ọkụ Buck Mountain sere na August 2024.]] N'ịbụ nke dị na Long Lake, New York, ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri Buck Mountain Fire Observation Station dị 60-foot-tall (18 m) ụlọ elu Aermotor LS-40 nke e wuru na Whitney Park nwere onwe ya dịka 1933. Na 2006  , International Paper Company bịanyere aka n'iche Iresị ala ya niile dị na Adirondack Park nye Lyme Timber Company maka $137 nde.  Na June 21, 2021 Hamilton County Board of Supervisors mara ọkwa na n'oge na-akpa anya a ga-akpa ụlọ elu ahụ ọha na eze.  Cedar Heights Timber ihe na mpaghara ahụ na mmetụta afọ 10 iji ụlọ ụlọ elu ọkụ n'ihu ọha.  [2] [3] Emechara ụzọ ahụ wee kpuchie nsogbu na September 2023. <ref name="ADE" /> == Njikọ mpụga == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20150707120923/http://www.nysforestrangers.com/index-towers.htm Ụlọ ọkụ ọkụ nke New York] * [https://hikelonglake.com/buck-mountain.html Nweta ozi] == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} t3miyfyvessfzfgffbpn206wk7lnck9 0 50413 643973 181016 2026-05-30T12:42:59Z Chiziqa 13055 Fixed reference error 643973 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Akiva Turgeman 1.jpg|thumb|Akiva Turgeman]]'''Akiva Turgeman''', amụrụ na 1991 na Dimona, Israel, bụ onye na-apụta na egwu Israel, mara maka ihe odide sitere n'obi ya nke na-emegharị n'ofe dị iche iche igwe mmadụ na obodo Israel. Ọ bụ nwa Rabbi David Turgeman, onye isi nke Gevoha Yeshiva, ma sitere na ezinụlọ ndị rụrụ ọrụ dị mkpa na ntọlite Dimona. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Akiva|url=https://www.ordavidson.com/en/artist/akiva/|accessdate=2024-07-29|work=דוידסון - ניהול וייצוג אמנים|language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://www.ordavidson.com/en/artist/akiva/ "Akiva"]. ''דוידסון - ניהול וייצוג אמנים''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-07-29</span></span>.</cite></ref> == Ndụ mmalite na agụmakwụkwọ == N'ịbụ onye tolitere na Dimona, Turgeman kpugheere ya na teepu bara ụba nke mmetụta egwu, na-ejikọta egwu Moroccan ọdịnala na ụda ọgbara ọhụrụ. Ọzụzụ egwu ya malitere na Mizmor Music Academy, ebe ọ kwadoro nkà ịgụ abụ na ide abụ ya. O mechara jee ozi dị ka onye agha ọgụ na Golani Brigade nke Israel Defence Forces, ahụmịhe nke mere ka echiche nka mara mma. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Akiva|url=https://www.ordavidson.com/en/artist/akiva/|accessdate=2024-07-29|work=דוידסון - ניהול וייצוג אמנים|language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://www.ordavidson.com/en/artist/akiva/ "Akiva"]. ''דוידסון - ניהול וייצוג אמנים''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-07-29</span></span>.</cite></ref> == Ọrụ egwu == Akiva Turgeman nwetara aha obodo site na otu egwu egwu ya, "אל תעזבי ידים" (Ekwela Ka Go), nke tolitere chaatị egwu Israel na 2018. Abụ a, tinyere ndị ọzọ dị ka "Pshutim" na "Atah Holech Iti," gosipụtara ikike ya iji jikọta isiokwu okpukpe na ụdị egwu oge a, ihe ngosi nke njirimara nkà ya. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web|author=Josh|date=2022-03-14|title=Reviving the Spirit|url=https://mizrachi.org/hamizrachi/reviving-the-spirit/|accessdate=2024-07-29|work=World Mizrachi|language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFJosh2022">Josh (2022-03-14). [https://mizrachi.org/hamizrachi/reviving-the-spirit/ "Reviving the Spirit"]. ''World Mizrachi''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-07-29</span></span>.</cite></ref> Dị ka onye na-eme ihe nkiri, a ghọtara Turgeman maka ihe ngosi ndụ ya na-eme ka ọ na-eme ka ndị na-ege ya ntị nwee mmetụta mmetụta miri emi. Ọ na-achọ igosipụta ọtụtụ ahụmịhe mmadụ site na egwu ya, na-emetụ isiokwu nke ịhụnanya, okwukwe, na mgba onwe ya aka. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web|author=Josh|date=2022-03-14|title=Reviving the Spirit|url=https://mizrachi.org/hamizrachi/reviving-the-spirit/|accessdate=2024-07-29|work=World Mizrachi|language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFJosh2022">Josh (2022-03-14). [https://mizrachi.org/hamizrachi/reviving-the-spirit/ "Reviving the Spirit"]. ''World Mizrachi''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-07-29</span></span>.</cite></ref> == Mmetụta na ụdị == Ejiri ụdị egwu Akiva mara site na ngwakọta nke egwu ime mmụọ ndị Juu, ọkachasị piyutim, na mmetụta egwu ọdịda anyanwụ dịka nkume. Ọ na-akọwa ụzọ ya dị ka kibbutz galuyot na-egosipụta ọtụtụ mmetụta ọdịbendị na ndụ ya. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web|author=Josh|date=2022-03-14|title=Reviving the Spirit|url=https://mizrachi.org/hamizrachi/reviving-the-spirit/|accessdate=2024-07-29|work=World Mizrachi|language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFJosh2022">Josh (2022-03-14). [https://mizrachi.org/hamizrachi/reviving-the-spirit/ "Reviving the Spirit"]. ''World Mizrachi''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-07-29</span></span>.</cite></ref> Ọ na-ejikarị ngwa ọdịnala eme ihe n'abụ ya, na-ejikọta ha na usoro ọgbara ọhụrụ iji mee ka ụda ya dịkwuo mma. Ngwakọta a na-egosipụta njikọ ya na nna nna Moroccan ya ka ọ na-egosipụtakwa ekele dị ukwuu maka ụdị egwu dị iche iche, gụnyere egwu rock na ndị mmadụ. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Akiva|url=https://www.ordavidson.com/en/artist/akiva/|accessdate=2024-07-29|work=דוידסון - ניהול וייצוג אמנים|language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://www.ordavidson.com/en/artist/akiva/ "Akiva"]. ''דוידסון - ניהול וייצוג אמנים''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-07-29</span></span>.</cite></ref> == Ndụ onwe onye == Turgeman na nwunye ya, bụ́ Tzurit, na ụmụ ha anọ bi na [[Jerusalem]] . Ọ na-eji ndụ ezinụlọ kpọrọ ihe ma na-achọ ịnọgide na-enwe nguzozi n'etiti ọrụ ya na ibu ọrụ ya. Turgeman na-eche echiche nke ukwuu banyere ọdịdị ọha ya, na-agbalịsi ike ịnọgide na-enwe ala n'agbanyeghị nrụgide nke ama ama. Ọ na-atụgharịkarị uche na mkpa ahụike uche na ekpere dị n'etiti ihe ndị a chọrọ n'ọrụ egwu ya. <ref name=":1" /> == Mmezu na nnabata == N'ime obere ọrụ dị mkpụmkpụ, Turgeman ejirila ọtụtụ ndị na-ege ntị nwee mmasị na ya, na-enweta ọtụtụ nde echiche na vidiyo egwu ya na onye na-akwado nkwado sitere na nzụlite dị iche iche. Ọ bụghị nanị na abụ ya na-atọ ụtọ kamakwa na-enye nkasi obi na mkpali, na-eme ka ọ bụrụ onye ama ama na egwu Israel nke oge a. <ref name=":0" /> Ntinye aka ya na mpaghara egwu Israel edobela ya dị ka otu n'ime olu ọhụrụ pụtara ìhè na egwu okpukperechi, na-amasị ma ndị okpukperechi ma ndị ụwa. Ọrụ Turgeman na-enye echiche pụrụ iche na omenala Israel, na-eme ka ọ bụrụ onye na-ese ihe dị mkpa nke ọgbọ ya. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Akiva|url=https://www.ordavidson.com/en/artist/akiva/|accessdate=2024-07-29|work=דוידסון - ניהול וייצוג אמנים|language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://www.ordavidson.com/en/artist/akiva/ "Akiva"]. ''דוידסון - ניהול וייצוג אמנים''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-07-29</span></span>.</cite></ref> == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Turgeman, Akiva}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 17c5lg5j4hp8qxpq1ty6k5t1s21vpz4 0 50451 644316 181093 2026-05-30T21:05:39Z Geraldine Kene 23189 Fixed reference error 644316 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Yvonne Brill.jpg|thumb|Yvonne Brill]]'''Yvonne Madelaine Brill''' ( née '''Claeys''' ; Disemba 30, 1924 - Maachị 27, 2013) bụ rọketi America na onye injinia ụgbọ elu. Ọ bụ ya na-ahụ maka imepụta Electrothermal Hydrazine Thruster (EHT/Resistojet), rọketi na-arụ ọrụ mmanụ ọkụ nke na-edobe satịlaịtị taa na orbit, ma na-ejide patent maka imepụta ya. <ref name=":0" /> N'oge ọrụ ya, ọ tinyere aka na ọtụtụ mmemme oghere mba na United States, gụnyere NASA na International Maritime Satellite Organisation . <ref name="SunObit">QMI AGENCY, [http://www.torontosun.com/2013/03/30/pioneer-canadian-rocket-scientist-dead-at-age-88 "Pioneer Canadian rocket scientist dead at age 88"], ''[[The Toronto Sun]]'', March 27, 2013.</ref> == Ndụ mbido == Amụrụ na Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, Yvonne Brill, bụ onye Canada nke mbụ, ebe nne na nna ya bụ ndị si [[Belgium]] kwabatara. <ref name="Weil_Brill">{{Cite news|author=Weil|first=Martin|date=March 31, 2013|title=Yvonne Brill, pioneer in spacecraft propulsion, dies at 88|work=The Washington Post|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/national/health-science/yvonne-brill-pioneer-in-spacecraft-propulsion-dies-at-88/2013/03/31/f8f77d38-99c7-11e2-b68f-dc5c4b47e519_story.html|accessdate=12 March 2014}}</ref> Amelia Earhart, bụ nwanyị mbụ na-anya ụgbọelu gbafere n'Oké [[Òrìmìlì Atlantic|Osimiri Atlantic]] kpaliri ya ịga ụlọ akwụkwọ. Mgbe ọ dị obere, nna ya gbara ya ume imepe ụlọ ahịa n'obodo ha, ebe onye nkụzi sayensị ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị gwara ya na nwanyị agaghị enweta ebe ọ bụla na sayensị. O leghaara ha abụọ anya. Yvonne bụ onye mbụ n'ime ezinụlọ ya ịga mahadum, gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Mahadum Manitoba na 1945 na klaasị ya na nzere bachelọ na ma kemistri na mgbakọ na mwepụ (Int. Engineering). <ref name=":1" /> O tinyere akwụkwọ na mbụ na mmemme injinia ha na 18, mana ụlọ akwụkwọ ekweghị ya, n'ihi na ha na-ekwu na ogige okpomọkụ nke amanyere ha enweghị akụrụngwa dị mkpa iji nọrọ n'ụlọ ụmụ akwụkwọ nwanyị. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Yvonne Brill {{!}} The Canadian Encyclopedia|url=https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/yvonne-brill|accessdate=2022-12-07|work=www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/yvonne-brill "Yvonne Brill | The Canadian Encyclopedia"]. ''www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-12-07</span></span>.</cite></ref> Ọgọnarị ya na ụlọ akwụkwọ injinịa Manitoba ruo mgbe ebighị ebi kpaliri ya ịgba ụmụ nwanyị ume na sayensị, na n'ime ya, kpalitere ntụkwasị obi na-enweghị mgbagha megide ịkpa oke dabere na nwoke. <ref name=":0" /> Ọ gara n'ihu na-agụ akwụkwọ na Mahadum Southern California, ebe ọ na-ewere klaasị abalị wee gụchaa na 1951 na nzere masta na kemistri. <ref name=":0" /> == Ndụ onwe onye == Mgbe Yvonne gụsịrị akara ugo mmụta nna ya ukwu na Mahadum Southern California, Yvonne zutere William Brill, onye nyocha kemịkalụ, na RAND. Ha abụọ lụrụ n'ime otu afọ, n'oge na-adịghịkwa anya, ha kwagara East maka ọrụ William na FMC Corporation . <ref name=":1">{{Cite web|author=Fourtané|first=Susan|date=2018-07-30|title=51 Female Inventors and Their Inventions That Changed the World and Impacted the History In a Revolutionary Way|url=https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/female-inventors-and-their-inventions-that-changed-the-world-and-impacted-the-history-in-a-revolutionary-way|accessdate=2022-12-07|work=interestingengineering.com|language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFFourtané2018">Fourtané, Susan (2018-07-30). [https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/female-inventors-and-their-inventions-that-changed-the-world-and-impacted-the-history-in-a-revolutionary-way "51 Female Inventors and Their Inventions That Changed the World and Impacted the History In a Revolutionary Way"]. ''interestingengineering.com''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-12-07</span></span>.</cite></ref> <ref name=":2" /> == Ọrụ == Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na USC, Brill malitere ịrụ ọrụ na Douglas Aircraft na 1945 mgbe ewechara ya n'ọrụ n'agbanyeghị na o nweghi akara ugo mmụta injinia. Ihe kacha amasị ya bụ injinia, mana ọ gafere na ngalaba kemịkalụ Douglas iji soro ndị na-ebu rọketi, injin rọketi na ramjet rụọ ọrụ. Ọ malitere ịrụ ọrụ na nkwekọrịta RAND Project na Douglas ebe ha lekwasịrị anya n'ubi rọketi ọhụrụ, gụnyere satịlaịtị America mbụ. <ref name=":2">{{Cite web|author=Center|first=Smithsonian Lemelson|date=2013-05-30|title=Rocket Scientist and Inventor Yvonne Brill|url=https://invention.si.edu/rocket-scientist-and-inventor-yvonne-brill|accessdate=2022-12-07|work=Lemelson Center for the Study of Invention and Innovation|language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFCenter2013">Center, Smithsonian Lemelson (2013-05-30). [https://invention.si.edu/rocket-scientist-and-inventor-yvonne-brill "Rocket Scientist and Inventor Yvonne Brill"]. ''Lemelson Center for the Study of Invention and Innovation''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-12-07</span></span>.</cite></ref> <ref name=":3">{{Cite web|date=2018-02-22|title=Yvonne Madelaine Brill|url=https://shethoughtit.ilcml.com/biography/yvonne-madelaine-brill/|accessdate=2022-12-07|work=She Thought It|language=en-US}}</ref> Ekwenyere na Brill bụ naanị nwanyị ọkà mmụta sayensị rọketi na 1940s, nke bụ akụkụ nke dọtara ya n'usoro ọrụ a. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Yvonne Brill {{!}} Canadian-born American aerospace engineer rocket scientist|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Yvonne-Brill|accessdate=2020-01-31|work=Encyclopedia Britannica|language=en}}</ref> <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Yvonne Brill {{!}} The Canadian Encyclopedia|url=https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/yvonne-brill|accessdate=2022-12-07|work=www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/yvonne-brill "Yvonne Brill | The Canadian Encyclopedia"]. ''www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-12-07</span></span>.</cite></ref> == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6LP2Ni0c1Bg Vidio nke Brill na-ekwu maka ọrụ ya], sitere na National Science & Technology Medal Foundation qgz7u1o0nixheq3ktu7slosho0mjyif 0 50486 644461 181167 2026-05-31T03:38:05Z Goodymeraj 16207 644461 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Usòrò:Ranasringa MET 89.4.161 slide.jpg|thumb|Ihe ngosi MET 89.4.161]] The Sringa, nke a dị ka tutari, ranasringa, blowhorn, sig, singa, kurudutu, gaali-kommu ma ọ bụ kombu, bụ ngwa egwu India oge ochie.  Ọ bụ ụdị ngwá ọrụ ifufe mpi <ref name="TOI">{{Cite news|author=Das|first=Mohua|date=24 November 2019|title=Sena’s in the cold, but the tutari, written off many times, may still resonate|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/senas-in-the-cold-but-the-tutari-written-off-many-times-may-still-resonate/articleshow/72205901.cms|work=Times of India}}</ref> == Ihe owuwu == Enwere ụdị udi abuo nke bugles, otu emere n'udi “S”, nke ozo na udi “C”. E ji mpi anụmanụ mee ihe na mbụ, na ígwè. == Na-egwu egwu == Turi dị na Maharashtra, adịlarị ọ bụghị naanị n'ihi njikọ ya na ọdịnala, mana dị ka akara ike-ụrọ eze ugbu a.  A na-egbukwa ngwá ọrụ ahụ na South India, na Sri Lanka, na Nepal .  A na-akpọ ya maka ego, na n'ememe emume a mara dị ka kshetram vadyam .  A na-akpọkwa ya maka ndị na-eke na n'egwú ndị agha <ref name="The Hindu">{{Cite news|author=Lalitha|first=M|date=19 February 2017|title=The tutari’s sound is a signal|url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/music/the-tutaris-sound-is-a-signal/article23512041.ece|work=The Hindu}}</ref> <ref name="TOI" /> == Hụkwa == * Kombu (ngwaọrụ) * Ransingha . Ngwa yiri nke a na-ekekọrịta mmalite. Ụdị C ma ọ bụ S. == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} == Isi mmalite == * S. Sadie, ''Akwụkwọ ọkọwa okwu New Grove nke Ngwa egwu'', Macmillan Publishers, London, 1985. {{Brass instruments}}{{Natural horns}} 9gh3tzcspjm1fe6dzx6i8cqrpt6i0af 0 50536 644006 364660 2026-05-30T13:33:32Z Iwuala chisom 17246 Fixed reference errors 644006 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} {{Infobox officeholder|image=|office=37th [[Prime Minister of Nepal]]|president=[[Ram Baran Yadav]]|termstart=11 February 2014|termend=11 October 2015|predecessor=[[Khil Raj Regmi]] {{small|(Acting)}}|successor=[[Khadga Prasad Sharma Oli]]|children=21 January 2014|party=[[Nepali Congress]]}} '''Sushil Prasad Koirala''' ( Nepali; 12 August 1931 – 9 February 2016) bụ onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Nepalese na Prime Minister nke Nepal site na 11 February 2014 ruo 10 October 2015. <ref>{{Cite news|title=Koirala elected new PM|url=http://ekantipur.com/2014/02/10/top-story/koirala-elected-new-pm/385172.html|work=[[The Kathmandu Post]]|accessdate=10 February 2016}}</ref> Ọ bụkwa onye isi oche nke Nepali Congress site na 2010 ruo 2016, na-eje ozi na mbụ n'ọkwá dị iche iche na pati ahụ. <ref name="Resume"/> == Ndụ mbido == A mụrụ Koirala nye Bodh Prasad na Kumudini Koirala na 12 August 1939 na Biratnagar, obodo nke abụọ kasị ukwuu na Nepal. <ref name="Resume">{{Cite web|title=Personal Resume|url=http://www.nepalicongressoffice.org.np/Bio-data/Sushil%20Koirala.htm|publisher=[[Nepali Congress]]|accessdate=10 February 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120321163024/http://www.nepalicongressoffice.org.np/Bio-data/Sushil%20Koirala.htm|archivedate=21 March 2012}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://web.archive.org/web/20120321163024/http://www.nepalicongressoffice.org.np/Bio-data/Sushil%20Koirala.htm "Personal Resume"]. [[Nepali Congress]]. Archived from [http://www.nepalicongressoffice.org.np/Bio-data/Sushil%20Koirala.htm the original] on 21 March 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 February</span> 2016</span>.</cite></ref> Onye otu ezinụlọ Koirala a ma ama na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, ọ bụ nwa nwanne nna (nne ya bụ nwanne nwunye Krishna Prasad Koirala ) nke onye bụbu praịm minista Matrika Prasad Koirala, Bishweshwar Prasad Koirala na Girija Prasad Koirala . <ref>{{Cite news|author=Parashar|first=Utpal|title=Nepali Congress looks at future without a Koirala at its helm|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/analysis/nepali-congress-looks-at-future-without-a-koirala-at-its-helm/story-n2uXKRofDi6fHDmN0hKnKN.html|accessdate=10 February 2016|work=[[Hindustan Times]]|date=9 February 2016}}</ref> == Ọrụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị == Koirala banyere ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na 1954 sitere n'ike mmụọ nsọ na-elekọta mmadụ-democracy nke Nepali Congress . Na 1958, o sonyeere nke ọma na ''Bhadra Abagya Aandalon'' (Civil Disobedience Movement) nke Nepali Congress hibere. N'afọ 1959, o tinyere aka na ya n'ebumnobi pati ahụ nke ime ntuli aka onye kwuo uche ya. Ntuli aka ahụ hụrụ Bishweshwar Prasad Koirala ka ọ bụrụ praịm minista mbụ a họpụtara na mba ahụ. Otú ọ dị, Eze Mahendra zubere ma gbuo ọchịchị n'ike na December 1960 wee chụpụ ọchịchị a họpụtara ahọpụta nke BP Koirala duziri. Nke a mere ka a dọrọ ọtụtụ ndị òtù Nepali Congress n'agha gaa India, bụ́ nke gụnyere Sushil Koirala. Ọ nọgidere na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na India ruo afọ 16 mgbe ọchịchị eze chịchara 1960. Koirala nọrọkwa afọ atọ n'ụlọ mkpọrọ ndị India maka itinye aka na njide ụgbọ elu na 1973 . <ref name="kath"/>Mgbe ọ nọ n'ala ọzọ, Koirala bụ onye nchịkọta akụkọ nke ''Tarun'' na Varanasi, mbipụta ndị otu gọọmentị. Ọ bụbu onye otu Central Working Committee nke otu ahụ kemgbe 1979 wee bụrụ onye odeakwụkwọ ukwu nke otu ahụ na 1996 na osote onye isi ala na 1998. N'afọ 2001, ọ tụfuru vootu onye isi maka pati omeiwu Nepali Congress n'aka onye bụbu praịm minista Sher Bahadur Deuba . Onye isi ala Girija Prasad Koirala họpụtara Koirala onye osote onye isi otu pati ahụ na 2008. Mgbakọ izugbe nke iri na abụọ nke Nepali Congress, na 22 Septemba 2010, họpụtara ya onye isi otu pati. <ref name="kath">{{Cite news|author=Bhattarai|first=Kamal Dev|title=ADIOS SUSHIL DA (1939-2016)|url=http://kathmandupost.ekantipur.com/news/2016-02-10/adios-sushil-da-1939-2016.html|accessdate=10 February 2016|work=[[The Kathmandu Post]]|date=10 February 2016}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFBhattarai2016">Bhattarai, Kamal Dev (10 February 2016). [http://kathmandupost.ekantipur.com/news/2016-02-10/adios-sushil-da-1939-2016.html "ADIOS SUSHIL DA (1939-2016)"]. ''[[Akwụkwọ akụkọ Kathmandu|The Kathmandu Post]]''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 February</span> 2016</span>.</cite></ref> Ndị otu Nepali Congress pụtara dị ka pati kacha ukwuu na ntuli aka ọgbakọ nke afọ 2013 n'okpuru ọchịchị Koirala. A họpụtara ya onye isi otu ndị omeiwu Congress na-enweta 105 n'ime 194 votes megidere ntuli aka 89 onye isi ala Deuba, na 10 February 2014, ọgbakọ ndị mejupụtara họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ praịm minista. <ref>{{Cite news|title=Koirala elected as NC PP leader|url=http://www.myrepublica.com/portal/index.php?action=news_details&news_id=68598|accessdate=26 January 2014|work=[[República (Nepalese newspaper)|My Republica]]}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|author=Ghimire|first=Binod|title=For PMship, Koirala to be PP leader first|url=http://www.ekantipur.com/2014/01/03/top-story/for-pmship-koirala-to-be-pp-leader-first/383325.html|accessdate=7 January 2014|work=[[The Kathmandu Post]]|date=3 January 2014}}</ref> N'oge ya dị ka praịm minista, a katọrọ gọọmentị ya maka nzaghachi ngwa ngwa ọ na-azaghachi na ala ọma jijiji Nepal nke Eprel 2015 . <ref>{{Cite news|author=Subramanian|first=Samanth|title=Anger rises in Nepal over government's response to earthquake|url=http://www.thenational.ae/world/south-asia/anger-rises-in-nepal-over-governments-response-to-earthquake|accessdate=10 February 2016|work=[[The National (Abu Dhabi)|The National]]|date=30 April 2015}}</ref> E mekwara nkwekọrịta akụkọ ihe mere eme n'etiti otu ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị anọ bụ́ isi nke mba ahụ n'afọ ahụ, bụ́ nke meghere ụzọ maka iwepụta iwu ọhụrụ . <ref>{{Cite news|author=Jha|first=Prashant|title=Why Sushil Koirala leaves a contested legacy in Nepal|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/analysis/why-sushil-koirala-leaves-a-contested-legacy-in-nepal/story-vCtuo5VgrPapSCOcuIq3YM.html|accessdate=10 February 2016|work=[[Hindustan Times]]|date=9 February 2016}}</ref> N'ihi nnukwu ọrụ ya, a makwaara ya dị ka "Nna nke Iwu" N'ịkwanyere nkwa iguzo dị ka praịm minista ozugbo iwu ọhụrụ malitere, Koirala gbara arụkwaghịm na 10 October 2015. <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.aljazeera.com/news/2015/10/nepal-pm-koirala-resigns-pm-seeks-election-151010160207623.html|title=Nepal's Koirala resigns as PM and seeks re-election|accessdate=10 February 2016|work=[[Al Jazeera English|Al Jazeera]]}}</ref> Ọ chọrọ ntuli aka ọzọ mana KP Sharma Oli, onye ndu nke ndị mmekọ otu Congress, CPN (UML) meriri ya. <ref>{{Cite news|title=Communist party leader elected as Nepal's new prime minister|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/oct/11/nepal-communist-party-leader-elected-new-prime-minister-khadga-prasad-oli|accessdate=10 February 2016|work=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref> == Akụkọ ntuli aka == A họpụtara Koirala na Pratinidhi Sabha site na mpaghara Banke–2 na 1991 na 1999, ebe e meriri ya na 1994 . Ọ tụfuru na ntuli aka ọgbakọ nke 2008 site na Banke–3, gụchara nke atọ n'azụ ndị ntuli aka nke MJFN na UCPN (Maoist). <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.election.gov.np/reports/CAResults/reportBody.php?selectedMenu=Constituency%20Wise%20Top%203%20Candidate%28English%29&rand=1315196378|title=Ca Election report}}</ref> Ọ gbara aka wee merie site na Banke – 3 na Chitwan–4 na ntuli aka Mgbakọ nke 2013 . <ref>{{Cite web|title=Ca Election report|url=http://election.gov.np/CA2070/CAResults/reportBody.php?selectedMenu=5&rand=1384967216|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402152402/http://election.gov.np/CA2070/CAResults/reportBody.php?selectedMenu=5&rand=1384967216|archivedate=2015-04-02}}</ref> O mechara hapụ oche Chitwan–4 wee nọchite anya Banke–3 na ọgbakọ ọgbakọ nke abụọ . <ref>{{Cite news|date=5 February 2014|title=Top leaders give up seats from Chitwan, Kailali, Kathmandu|work=[[The Kathmandu Post]]|url=http://www.ekantipur.com/2014/02/05/top-story/top-leaders-give-up-seats-from-chitwan-kailali-kathmandu/384951.html|accessdate=5 February 2014}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" !Party ! Onye ndoro-ndoro ochichi ! votu ! Ọnọdụ |- | CPN (UML) | KP Sharma Oli | 338 | Ahọpụtara |- | Congress | Sushil Koirala | 249 | Echefuola |- | colspan="2" | '''Nsonaazụ''' | colspan="2" bgcolor="#ffcccb" | CPN (UML) '''nwetara''' site na Congress |} == Ndụ onwe onye == Koirala nọgidere na-alụghị di n'oge ndụ ya niile, a makwa na ọ na-ebi ndụ dị mfe. <ref>{{Cite news|title=Sushil shifts to GPK's apartment|work=[[The Kathmandu Post]]|url=http://www.ekantipur.com/2010/04/06/capital/sushil-shifts-to-gpks-apartment/311853.html|accessdate=10 February 2016}}</ref> A maara ya nke ọma n'etiti ndị enyi ya na ndị na-akwado ya dị ka ' ''Sushil daa''' . Ọ bụ ezie na a kwenyere na Koirala gụchara akwụkwọ agụmakwụkwọ na Intermediate of Commerce (I. Comm.) site na kọleji dị na India dịka ọgọ ya nwanyị siri kwuo, ọ gbaghaara nkwupụta ndị ahụ ma nọgide na-enweta naanị agụmakwụkwọ nkịtị. === Ọrịa na ọnwụ === Onye na-ese anwụrụ ọkụ, Koirala chọpụtara ọrịa cancer ire na 2006 na ọrịa cancer akpa ume na June 2014. <ref>{{Cite news|title=Nepal PM Sushil Koirala has lung cancer|publisher=[[BBC News]]|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-28038866|accessdate=10 February 2016}}</ref> Ọ nwụrụ na 10 February 2016 na 12:50 AM nke oyi baa na Kathmandu, mgbe ọ dị afọ 76. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Ex-PM Sushil Koirala passes away|url=http://myrepublica.com/feature-article/story/36678/sushil-koirala-passes-away.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160215234857/http://myrepublica.com/feature-article/story/36678/sushil-koirala-passes-away.html|archivedate=15 February 2016|accessdate=10 February 2016}}</ref> == Akwụkwọ akụkọ == * {{Cite book|author=Koirala|first=Sushil|title=Nepal's Foreign Policy: From Expediency to Pragmatism|date=2017|publisher=B.P. Koirala Memorial Trust|editor=Dinesh Bhattarai}} == Hụkwa == * Sushil Koirala Memorial Foundation * Ụlọ ọrụ Koirala, 2013 == Ntụaka == Sushil daa' . Ọ bụ ezie na a kwenyere na Koirala gụchara akwụkwọ agụmakwụkwọ napati ahụ na 2008. Mgbakọ izugbe nke iri na abụọ nke Nepali Congress, na 22 Septembpati ahụ na 2008. [[12th General Convention nke Nepali Congress|Mgbakọ izugbe nke iri na abụọ]] nke Nepali Congress, na 22 Septemb{{Reflist|30em}} == Njikọ mpụga == {{Commons category}}{{s-start}} {{s-ppo}} {{s-bef|before=[[Girija Prasad Koirala]]}} {{s-ttl|title=President of the [[Nepali Congress]]|years=22 September 2010 – 9 February 2016}} {{s-aft|after=[[Sher Bahadur Deuba]]}} {{s-break}} {{s-off}} {{s-bef|before=[[Khil Raj Regmi]]<br />{{small|Acting}}}} {{s-ttl|title=[[List of Prime Ministers of Nepal|Prime Minister of Nepal]]|years=11 February 2014 – 10 October 2015}} {{s-aft|after=[[KP Sharma Oli]]}} {{s-break}} {{s-dip}} {{s-bef|before=[[Mohammed Nasheed]]}} {{s-ttl|title=Host leader of the [[18th SAARC summit|SAARC summit]]|years=26–27 November 2014}} {{s-aft|after=TBA}} {{s-end}} fkrr95di41vv9egwiq7azq0zros5sjq 0 50551 644268 181300 2026-05-30T20:09:34Z Nachi kim 20090 Fixed reference error 644268 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Usòrò:Ternovitsya1.jpg|thumb|Ternovitsya]] Ternovytsia (Ukrainian: Терновиця) bụ obodo nta dị na Novoiavorivsk mepere emepe hromada nke Yavoriv Raion nke Lviv Oblast na Ukraine. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Новояворівська територіальна громада|url=https://decentralization.ua/newgromada/4223|work=Децентралізація}}</ref> == Akụkọ ihe mere eme == Ebe mbụ ikiri aha obodo ahụ bụ na 1376 <ref name=":0">{{Cite news|author=|title=Святиня, що руйнується, або храм в якому хрестили митрополита Андрея Шептицького (відео)|url=https://photo-lviv.in.ua/svyatynya-scho-rujnujetsya-abo-hram-v-yakomu-hrestyly-mytropolyta-andreya-sheptytskoho-video/|work=Фотографії старого Львова|date=2017-06-08|accessdate=}}</ref> == Okpukpe == * Holy Trinity Church (1864, osisi), <ref>{{Cite web|title=Терновиця. Церква Пресвятої Трійці|url=http://decerkva.org.ua/ternovytsia.html|work=Дерев'яні церкви Західної України|accessdate=2024-07-23}}</ref> * Roman Catholic Church of the Holy Trinity (1645; UGCC Metropolitan Andrei Sheptytsky n'ọdịnihu ka e mere baptizim ebe a). <ref name=":0"/> == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} == Isi mmalite == 8jkmi9l3qaiabh0hahd6s24j13t610u 0 50614 643985 181499 2026-05-30T13:04:17Z Chiziqa 13055 Fixed reference error 643985 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Usòrò:Horticulturist_Amy_Boul_by_Lance_Cheung.jpg|thumb|Nwa akwụkwọ na-ahụ maka ọrụ ubi na-elekọta osisi n'ogige dị na Lawrenceville, Georgia, Machị 2015]] [[Usòrò:Shrub,_Topiary_Garden.jpg|thumb|Ogige Nkume, Ogige Leonardslee]] Horticulture bụ nka na sayensị nke osisi na-eto eto. A na-ahụ nkọwapụta a n'ime usoro ọmụmụ ya, nke sitere na okwu Latịn hortus, nke pụtara "ubi" na omenala nke pụtara "ịkọ ihe"[1]. Enwere ngalaba dị iche iche nke ubi n'ihi na a na-akụ osisi maka ebumnuche dị iche iche.[2]. Nkewa ndị a gụnyere, mana ọnweghị oke na: ịkọ ugbo, mmepụta/mgbasa ihe ọkụkụ, arboriculture, nhazi ala, floriculture na nlekọta ahịhịa. Maka nke ọ bụla n'ime ndị a, e nwere ọrụ dị iche iche, akụkụ, ngwá ọrụ eji na ihe ịma aka ndị metụtara; Onye ọ bụla chọrọ nkà pụrụ iche na ihe ọmụma nke horticulturist. Dị ka ọ na-adịkarị, a na-eji ihe ọkụkụ mara dị ka ihe ịchọ mma, obere obere / anaghị arụ ọrụ nke ihe ọkụkụ, ma e jiri ya tụnyere nnukwu ihe ubi / anụ ụlọ nke a na-ahụ na ọrụ ugbo. Otú ọ dị, e nwere akụkụ nke ihe ọkụkụ bụ nke ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe / azụmahịa dị ka mmepụta griin haus gburugburu ụwa. Horticulture malitere site n'ime ụlọ nke osisi ihe dị ka afọ 10,000-20,000 gara aga.[3][4] Na mbụ, ọ bụ naanị osisi maka nri ka a na-eto ma na-echekwa ya, ma n'ikpeazụ ka ụmụ mmadụ na-esiwanye ike, a na-akụ osisi maka uru ịchọ mma ha. A na-ewere Horticulture dị iche iche na ọrụ ugbo n'oge etiti afọ mgbe ndị mmadụ malitere ịkụ osisi maka ihe ụtọ / ịchọ mma, kama ịbụ naanị maka nri.<ref name=":4">Baeyer, E. T''HE DEVELOPMENT AND HISTORY OF HORTICULTURE.'' Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems (EOLSS) https://www.eolss.net/sample-chapters/c09/e6-156-07-00.pdf</ref> Nkà na ụzụ na-apụta na-akpali ụlọ ọrụ ahụ gaa n'ihu, ọkachasị n'ụzọ nke ịgbanwe osisi ka ọ bụrụ ihe na-adịghị mma maka nje, ọrịa na ụkọ mmiri ozuzo. Mgbanwe teknụzụ dị ka Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR / Cas9), na-emekwa ka nri na-edozi ahụ, ụtọ na mmepụta nke ihe ọkụkụ. E nwere ọtụtụ òtù na ọha mmadụ na-ahụ maka ịkọ ugbo gburugburu ụwa, nke ndị na-akọ ugbo na ndị nọ n'ime ụlọ ọrụ ahụ guzobere. Ndị a gụnyere: Royal Horticultural Society, International Society for Horticultural Science, American Society of Horticultural Science, The Horticultural Association of India, The Global Horticulture Initiative, The Chartered Institute of Horticulture na The Australian Society of Horcultural Science.<ref name=":6" /><ref name=":7">{{Cite web|title=ASHS|url=http://www.ashs.org/|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170811103104/http://www.ashs.org/|archivedate=2017-08-11|accessdate=2016-06-11|publisher=ashs.org}}</ref> == Nkewa nke horticulture na ụdị nke horticulturists == E nwere nkewa na nkewa dị iche iche n'ime ọrụ ugbo, nke a bụ n'ihi na a na-akụ osisi maka ọtụtụ ihe dị iche iche. Ụfọdụ n'ime nkewa na horticulture gụnyere: * ịkọ ubi * mmepụta na mgbasa nke osisi * Ịzụ osisi * ịma mma ala * [[Ịzụ okooko osisi|Ubi okooko osisi]] * Nhazi ubi na mmezi * Nlekọta ahịhịa * Nchekwa osisi na mweghachi ala. <ref name="Preece-Biology-2005">{{Cite book|author=Preece|first=John E.|title=The biology of horticulture: an introductory textbook|publisher=John Wiley & Sons|year=2005|isbn=0-471-46579-8|edition=2|pages=4–6}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|author=Arteca|first=Richard N.|title=Introduction to Horticultural Science|publisher=Cengage Learning|year=2015|isbn=978-1-111-31279-4|edition=2|location=Stamford, Connecticut}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Why Horticulture?|url=https://horticulture.umn.edu/students/why-horticulture|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190502082101/https://horticulture.umn.edu/students/why-horticulture|archivedate=2019-05-02|accessdate=2 May 2019|work=Department of Horticultural Science|publisher=University of Minnesota}}</ref> Ọ na-agụnye ịzụlite osisi niile gụnyere, ma ọ bụghị nanị: osisi / obere osisi / osisi, mkpụrụ osisi, akwụkwọ nri, [[Ìfulū|okooko osisi]], [[Ahịhịhịa|ahịhịa]], mkpụrụ osisi. [[Ogige|ubi]] a nwere ike ime n'ogige ntụrụndụ, ebe a na-azụ ụmụ, ụlọ akwụkwọ, ubi vaịn, ubi mkpụrụ osisi, ogige ntụrụntụ, wdg. [[Usòrò:027_Flowers_at_Algemene_warenmarkt_-_market_in_Grote_Markt,_Breda,_Netherlands.jpg|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|200x200px|Mkpụrụ osisi na ahịa dị na Breda, Netherlands]] Horticulturists, bụ ndị na-amụ ma na-eme ihe ọkụkụ nke ọma. Enwere ọtụtụ ụdị horticulturists dị iche iche nwere aha ọrụ dị iche iche, gụnyere: onye na-akọ ubi, onye na-akọ ubi, onye ọrụ ugbo, onye na-akụ ahịhịa, onye na-akụ ifuru, onye na-ahụ maka ahịhịa, onye na-ese ihe, onye na-ese ụkpụrụ ụlọ, ọkachamara n'ịgba ahịhịa, onye na-elekọta ụlọ akwụkwọ, onye na-ahụ maka ubi ubi, onye na-ahụ maka ahịhịa, na ọtụtụ ihe ndị ọzọ.[11] Enwere ike were ha n'ọrụ site na ụlọ ọrụ / ụlọ ọrụ dị iche iche gụnyere, mana ọnweghị oke na: ubi ahịhịa, ubi nkeonwe / ọha, ogige ntụrụndụ, ebe a na-eli ozu, ụlọ griin haus, ebe a na-egwu gọọlfụ, ubi vine, ala, ụlọ ọrụ nhazi ala, nurseries, ụlọ akwụkwọ agụmakwụkwọ, wdg. nwekwara ike ịbụ onye ọrụ onwe ya. == Akụkọ ihe mere eme == Horticulture malitere site n'ime ụlọ nke osisi 10,000-20,000 afọ gara aga, ma kemgbe ahụ, etinyere ya nke ukwuu n'ime akụkọ ihe mere eme nke mmadụ.[3][4] Ime ụlọ nke osisi mere onwe ya n'ime mmepeanya dị iche iche n'ofe ụwa. Akụkọ banyere ihe ọkụkụ na-ejikọta akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ugbo na akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ihe ọkụkụ, n'ihi na atọ ahụ sitere na ụlọ nke osisi dị iche iche maka nri.[4]. Na Europe, ọrụ ugbo na ihe ọkụkụ dịgasị iche n'oge ụfọdụ n'oge emepechabeghị anya..<ref name=":4">Baeyer, E. T''HE DEVELOPMENT AND HISTORY OF HORTICULTURE.'' Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems (EOLSS) https://www.eolss.net/sample-chapters/c09/e6-156-07-00.pdf</ref> === Omume mbụ n'ọrụ ugbo === Omume mbụ na horticulture gụnyere ọtụtụ ụzọ dị iche iche ndị mmadụ na-elekọta ala (iji ọtụtụ ngwaọrụ), yana ụzọ dị ichegasị iche iche na ụdị osisi a na-akụ maka ọtụtụ ojiji. Usoro, ngwá ọrụ na osisi ndị a na-akụ, na-adabere mgbe niile na ọdịbendị na ihu igwe. ==== Ebe Ugwu na Central America tupu ha achịkwa ==== E nwere ọtụtụ omenala ọdịnala nke anyị maara taa: dị ka ụmụ amaala nke North America tupu ha enwee ọchịchị iji biochar mee ka ala na-arụpụta ihe site na ịgba ihe mkpofu ahịhịa ọkụ - ndị bi na Europe kpọrọ ala a Terra Preta de Indio. <ref>Solomon, Dawit, Johannes Lehmann, Janice Thies, Thorsten Schafer, Biqing Liang, James Kinyangi, Eduardo Neves, James Petersen, Flavio Luizao, and Jan Skjemstad, ''Molecular signature and sources of biochemical recalcitrance of organic carbone in Amazonian Dark Earths'', Geochemica et cosmochemica ACTA 71.9 2285–2286 (2007) ("Amazonian Dark Earths (ADE) are a unique type of soils apparently developed between 500 and 9000 years B.P. through intense anthropogenic activities such as biomass-burning and high-intensity nutrient depositions on pre-Columbian Amerindian settlements that transformed the original soils into Fimic Anthrosols throughout the Brazilian Amazon Basin.") (internal citations omitted)</ref><ref>Glaser, Bruno, Johannes Lehmann, and Wolfgang Zech,'' Ameliorating physical and chemical properties of highly weathered soils in the tropics with charcoal – a review'', Biology and Fertility of Soils 35.4 219-220 (2002) ("These so called Terra Preta do Indio (Terra Preta) characterize the settlements of pre-Columbian Indios. In Terra Preta soils large amounts of black C indicate a high and prolonged input of carbonized organic matter probably due to the production of charcoal in hearths, whereas only low amounts of charcoal are added to soils as a result of forest fires and slash-and-burn techniques.") (internal citations omitted)</ref> Na North America, ụmụ amaala na-akụ ọka, squash, na sunflower - n'etiti ihe ọkụkụ ndị ọzọ. Ọdịbendị Mesoamerica lekwasịrị anya n'ịzụlite ihe ọkụkụ na obere, dị ka milpa ma ọ bụ ubi ọka, gburugburu ebe obibi ha ma ọ bụ n'ala pụrụ iche nke a na-eleta mgbe ụfọdụ n'oge ngafe site n'otu mpaghara gaa na nke ọzọ.<ref name="Hagen, V.W. 19572">von Hagen, V.W. (1957) The Ancient Sun Kingdoms Of The Americas. Ohio: The World Publishing Company</ref> Na Central America, ndị Maya gụnyere mmụba nke oké ọhịa na osisi bara uru dị ka papaị, avocado, cacao, Seiba na sapodilla. N'ọhịa, a na-akụ ọtụtụ ihe ọkụkụ dịka agwa, squash, pumpkins na chili peppers. Ndị mbụ na-akọ ugbo n'ọtụtụ ọdịbendị, bụ ụmụ nwanyị ma ọ bụ naanị ụmụ nwanyị.<ref>Thompson, S.I. (1977) Women, Horticulture, and Society in Tropical America. American Anthropologist, N.S., 79: 908–10</ref> === Ojiji akụkọ ihe mere eme maka osisi na ịkọ ugbo === Na mgbakwunye na uru ọgwụ na nri na-edozi ahụ nke osisi nwere, a na-akụkwa osisi maka ịma mma ha, yana iji mee ka ike, ihe ọmụma, ọnọdụ na ọbụna akụ na ụba nke ndị na-achịkwa ihe ọkụkụ a kụrụ akụ. Ike ihe atụ a nke osisi nwere adịla ọbụna tupu mmalite nke ịkọ ha.<ref>{{Cite book|author=Pollan|first=Michael|title=The Botany of Desire|publisher=Random House|isbn=0-375-50129-0|date=2001|language=en}}</ref> E nwere ihe akaebe na ogige dị iche iche Ndị Aztec na-elekọta dị nsọ, ka ha na-akụ osisi ndị nwere uru okpukpe. A zụlitere osisi maka mmekọrịta ihe atụ ha na Chi na Chi nwanyị. <ref name=":4">Baeyer, E. T''HE DEVELOPMENT AND HISTORY OF HORTICULTURE.'' Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems (EOLSS) https://www.eolss.net/sample-chapters/c09/e6-156-07-00.pdf</ref> Okooko osisi nwere ike ihe atụ n'ememe okpukpe, dịka a na-enye ha Chi, yana a na-enyekwa ha ndị isi n'ememme iji gosipụta njikọ ha na Chi.<ref name=":4" /> == Akụkụ nke ịkọ ugbo == === Mgbasawanye === Mgbasa nke osisi na horticulture bụ usoro nke a na-eme ka ụdị dị iche iche mụbaa, na-abawanye ọnụ ọgụgụ nke osisi ọ bụla. Mgbasa mgbasa na-agụnye ma usoro mmekọahụ na nke na-enweghị mmekọahụ.<ref>{{Cite book|author=Arteca|first=Richard N.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=84XAAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA109|title=Introduction to Horticultural Science|date=2014-02-14|publisher=Cengage Learning|isbn=978-1-305-17780-2|language=en|accessdate=2022-12-07}}</ref> Na mgbasa nke mmekọahụ, a na-eji mkpụrụ eme ihe, ebe mgbasa nke na-enweghị mmekọahụ na-agụnye nkewa nke osisi, nkewa nke tubers, corms, na bulbs - site na iji usoro dị ka ịkpụ, ịkwa akwa, itinye.<ref>{{Cite book|author=Peter|first=K. V.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NWMa741kG_gC&pg=PA338|title=Basics Of Horticulture|date=2009-02-05|publisher=New India Publishing|isbn=978-81-89422-55-4|language=en|accessdate=2022-12-07}}</ref> === Nhọrọ nke osisi === Mgbe ị na-ahọrọ osisi iji kọọ, onye na-akọ ugbo nwere ike ịtụle akụkụ ndị dabeere na osisi ndị a chọrọ iji mee ihe ma nwee ike ịgụnye ọdịdị osisi, ụkọ, na uru.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=Horticultural Practices|url=https://www.saanich.ca/EN/main/parks-recreation-community/parks/horticulture/horticultural-practices.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20221206230537/https://www.saanich.ca/EN/main/parks-recreation-community/parks/horticulture/horticultural-practices.html|archivedate=2022-12-06|accessdate=2022-12-06|work=District of Saanich|language=en}}</ref> Mgbe ị na-ahọrọ osisi maka ala, enwere nyocha dị mkpa nke ebe a ga-ebu ụzọ mee. A na-atụle ụdị ala, okpomọkụ / ihu igwe, ìhè, mmiri, na osisi ndị dịbu adị. A na-atụle nyocha ndị a nke gburugburu ebe obibi enyere mgbe ị na-ahọrọ ihe ọkụkụ maka ebe ahụ. Nhọrọ osisi nwere ike ịbụ maka ngosipụta kwa afọ, ma ọ bụ ha nwere ike ịbụ iji kụọ osisi na-adịgide adịgide. Ihe ndị e ji mara osisi ahụ dị ka ogo / ogo, ụcha, omume uto, uru ịchọ mma, oge okooko osisi na ikike mwakpo bụ ihe na-emechi usoro nhọrọ osisi. === Nchịkwa gburugburu ebe obibi / mgbanwe uto === Ihe ndị metụtara gburugburu ebe obibi na-emetụta mmepe osisi gụnyere: okpomọkụ, ìhè, mmiri, pH, nnweta ihe oriri, ihe omume ihu igwe (mmiri ozuzo, snow, snow na mmiri ozuzo, igirigi, ifufe na oyi) iru mmiri, ịdị elu, ala, na mmetụta nke obere ihu igwe.<ref name=":5">{{Cite book|author=Rice|first=Laura W.|title=Practical Horticulture; A Guide to Growing Indoor and Outdoor Plants|publisher=Reston|year=1980|location=USA}}</ref> N'ọrụ ugbo, enwere ike izere mgbanwe gburugburu ebe obibi ndị a, chịkwaa ma ọ bụ jiri ya mee ihe n'ime ụlọ. ==== Okpomọkụ ==== Osisi chọrọ okpomọkụ pụrụ iche iji too ma too nke ọma. Enwere ike ịchịkwa okpomọkụ site na ụzọ dị iche iche. Ikpuchi osisi na plastik n'ụdị cones - nke a na-akpọ hot caps, ma ọ bụ tunnels, nwere ike inye aka ịchịkwa okpomọkụ gbara ya gburugburu. Mulching bụkwa usoro dị irè iji chebe osisi ndị dị n'èzí site na oyi n'oge oyi. N'ime, ụzọ ndị ọzọ a na-esi egbochi oyi na-agụnye iji igwe ikuku, ihe na-ekpo ọkụ, na sprinklers.<ref name=":0" /> ==== Ìhè ==== Osisi amalitela ịchọ oke ìhè dị iche iche, na ogologo oge ehihie; uto na mmepe ha na-ekpebi site na oke ìhè / ike ọkụ ha na-enweta. Enwere ike ịchịkwa nke a site na iji ọkụ fluorescent n'ime ụlọ. Ịchịkwa oke ìhè na-achịkwa okooko osisi. Ịdị ogologo ụbọchị na-agba ume ka osisi ndị na-eto ogologo oge na-agbawa ma na-egbochi okooko osisi ndị na'oge dị mkpirikpi.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Horticulture {{!}} Definition, Types, Techniques, & Uses {{!}} Britannica|url=https://www.britannica.com/science/horticulture|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20221207032531/https://www.britannica.com/science/horticulture|archivedate=2022-12-07|accessdate=2022-12-07|work=www.britannica.com|language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://www.britannica.com/science/horticulture "Horticulture | Definition, Types, Techniques, & Uses | Britannica"]. ''www.britannica.com''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20221207032531/https://www.britannica.com/science/horticulture Archived] from the original on 2022-12-07<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-12-07</span></span>.</cite></ref> ==== Mmiri ==== Ụzọ nchịkwa mmiri na-agụnye iji usoro ịgba mmiri / drainage, na ịchịkwa mmiri nke ala maka mkpa nke ụdị ahụ. Ụzọ ịgba mmiri gụnyere ịgba mmiri n'elu, ịgba mmiri, ịgba mmiri n"okpuru, na ịgba mmiri. A na-agbanwe oke mmiri, nrụgide, na ugboro ugboro iji melite gburugburu ebe obibi na-eto eto. Enwere ike iji aka mee obere mmiri.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Horticulture {{!}} Definition, Types, Techniques, & Uses {{!}} Britannica|url=https://www.britannica.com/science/horticulture|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20221207032531/https://www.britannica.com/science/horticulture|archivedate=2022-12-07|accessdate=2022-12-07|work=www.britannica.com|language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://www.britannica.com/science/horticulture "Horticulture | Definition, Types, Techniques, & Uses | Britannica"]. ''www.britannica.com''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20221207032531/https://www.britannica.com/science/horticulture Archived] from the original on 2022-12-07<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-12-07</span></span>.</cite></ref> ==== Mgbasa ozi na-eto eto na njikwa ala ==== Nhọrọ nke mgbasa ozi na-eto eto na ihe ndị mejupụtara mgbasa ozi na na-enyere aka ịkwado ndụ osisi. N'ime ebe obibi, ndị na-akụ ihe nwere ike ịhọrọ ịzụlite osisi ha na usoro [[Aquaponics|aquaponic]] ebe enweghị ala eji eme ihe. Ndị na-eto eto n'ime ụlọ okpomọkụ ga-ahọrọkarị ngwakọta na-enweghị ala nke na-agụnyeghị ihe ọ bụla dị n'ala na-apụta. Ngwakọta ndị a na-enye uru dị ka ịmịkọrọ mmiri, enweghị ike ịmụ nwa, ma na-adịkarị n'ime ụlọ ọrụ ahụ. Ụzọ nchịkwa ala sara mbara, mana ọ na-agụnye iji fatịlaịza, atụmatụ ntụgharị ihe ọkụkụ iji gbochie mmebi nke ala a na-ahụ na monocultures, itinye fatịlaịtị, na nyocha ala.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Horticulture {{!}} Definition, Types, Techniques, & Uses {{!}} Britannica|url=https://www.britannica.com/science/horticulture|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20221207032531/https://www.britannica.com/science/horticulture|archivedate=2022-12-07|accessdate=2022-12-07|work=www.britannica.com|language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://www.britannica.com/science/horticulture "Horticulture | Definition, Types, Techniques, & Uses | Britannica"]. ''www.britannica.com''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20221207032531/https://www.britannica.com/science/horticulture Archived] from the original on 2022-12-07<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-12-07</span></span>.</cite></ref> ==== Nchịkwa site na iji gburugburu ebe obibi mechiri emechi ==== Ihe ndị na-emetụta nje dị ka ihu igwe, ìhè na okpomọkụ bụ ihe niile enwere ike ịchịkwa gburugburu ebe obibi dị ka okpokoro oyi, greenhouses, conservatories, poly houses na ụlọ ndò. A na-ahọrọ ihe eji ewu ụlọ ndị a dabere na ihu igwe, ebumnuche na mmefu ego. Okpokoro oyi na-enye gburugburu ebe obibi, a na-ewu ha nso n'ala ma nwee elu nke e ji ugegbe ma ọ bụ plastik mee. Glass ma ọ bụ plastik na-enye ohere ìhè anyanwụ n'ime etiti n'ehihie ma gbochie ọnwụ okpomọkụ nke ga-efu dị ka radiation ogologo oge n'abalị. Nke a na-enye ohere ịmalite ịzụlite osisi tupu oge uto amalite. Greenhouses / conservatories yiri n'ọrụ, mana ha buru ibu n'iwu ma jiri isi iyi ike mpụga kpoo ya. Enwere ike iji ugegbe wuo ha, ọ bụ ezie na a na-eji mpempe plastik eme ha ugbu a. Ụlọ okpomọkụ ndị dị oke ọnụ na nke oge a nwere ike ịgụnye njikwa okpomọkụ site na njikwa onyinyo na ọkụ ma ọ bụ ikuku oyi yana mmiri na-akpaghị aka. Ụlọ ndò na-enye ndò iji belata mmiri na-efu site na evapotranspiration.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Horticulture {{!}} Definition, Types, Techniques, & Uses {{!}} Britannica|url=https://www.britannica.com/science/horticulture|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20221207032531/https://www.britannica.com/science/horticulture|archivedate=2022-12-07|accessdate=2022-12-07|work=www.britannica.com|language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://www.britannica.com/science/horticulture "Horticulture | Definition, Types, Techniques, & Uses | Britannica"]. ''www.britannica.com''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20221207032531/https://www.britannica.com/science/horticulture Archived] from the original on 2022-12-07<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-12-07</span></span>.</cite></ref> == Ihe ịma aka == === Nsogbu Mmetụta Mmetụta === A chọrọ ọrụ ugbo azụmahịa iji kwado ọnụ ọgụgụ na-eto ngwa ngwa na ọchịchọ maka ngwaahịa ya.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Stress tolerance in horticultural crops: challenges and mitigation strategies|date=2021|publisher=Woodhead Publishing|editor=Avinash Chandra Rai|isbn=978-0-323-85363-7|location=Cambridge|oclc=1251764903}}</ref> N'ihi mgbanwe ihu igwe zuru ụwa ọnụ, oke okpomọkụ, ike nke ihe omume mmiri ozuzo, ugboro ole idei mmiri, na ogologo oge na ugboro ụkọ mmiri ozuzo na-abawanye. Tinyere ihe ndị ọzọ na-akpata nrụgide dị ka salinity, nsị metal dị arọ, mmebi UV, na mmetọ ikuku, a na-emepụta gburugburu ebe nrụgide maka mmepụta ihe ọkụkụ. A na-agbakwunye nke a ka evapotranspiration na-abawanye, ala na-emebi ihe oriri ha, na ọkwa oxygen na-ebelata, na-akpata ihe ruru 70% nke ihe ọkụkụ. === Nsogbu nke nje === Ihe ndị dị ndụ dị ka nje bacteria, nje, fungus, parasites, ụmụ ahụhụ, ahịhịa na osisi ndị a mụrụ n'ala bụ isi iyi nke nrụgide biotics ma nwee ike ịnapụ onye nwe ya ihe oriri ya.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Encyclopedia of food grains|date=2016|editor=Colin W. Wrigley|isbn=978-0-12-394786-4|edition=Second|location=Kidlington, Oxford, UK|publisher=Elsevier|oclc=939553708}}</ref> Osisi na-emeghachi omume na nrụgide ndị a site na iji usoro nchebe dị ka ihe mgbochi ọdịdị na nke ọdịdị, kemịkal compounds, protein, enzymes na homonụ.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Postharvest physiology and biochemistry of fruits and vegetables|date=2019|editor=Elhadi M. Yahia|isbn=978-0-12-813279-1|location=Duxford|publisher=Elsevier|oclc=1061148070}}</ref> Enwere ike igbochi mmetụta nke nrụgide nke ndụ site na iji omume ndị dị ka itinye harging, spraying ma ọ bụ Integrated Pest Management (IPM).<ref>{{Cite book|author=Pantazi|first=Xanthoula-Eirini|title=Intelligent data mining and fusion systems in agriculture|date=2020|isbn=978-0-12-814392-6|location=London|publisher=Elsevier|oclc=1124761701}}</ref> === Nchịkwa owuwe ihe ubi === A chọrọ nlekọta iji belata mmebi na mfu nke ihe ọkụkụ n'oge owuwe ihe ubi.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Hussein|first=Zaharan|date=2020-01-01|title=Harvest and Postharvest Factors Affecting Bruise Damage of Fresh Fruits|url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468014119301943|journal=Horticultural Plant Journal|language=en|volume=6|issue=1|pages=1–13|doi=10.1016/j.hpj.2019.07.006|issn=2468-0141|accessdate=2022-12-07}}</ref> Ike mkpakọ na-eme n'oge owuwe ihe ubi, a pụkwara imetụta ihe ọkụkụ n'usoro mmetụta n'oge njem na ọrụ nkwakọba ihe. A na-eji usoro dị iche iche eme ihe iji belata mmerụ ahụ na mmerụ ahụ nke osisi dịka:<ref name=":2">{{Cite book|title=Postharvest technology of perishable horticultural commodities|date=2019|editor=Elhadi M. Yahia|isbn=978-0-12-813277-7|location=Duxford|publisher=Elsevier|oclc=1109725060}}<cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFElhadi_M._Yahia2019">Elhadi M. Yahia, ed. (2019). ''Postharvest technology of perishable horticultural commodities''. Duxford: Elsevier. [[ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Ihe pụrụ iche:BookSources/978-0-12-813277-7|<bdi>978-0-12-813277-7</bdi>]]. [[OCLC (ihe njirimara)|OCLC]]&nbsp;[[oclc:1109725060|1109725060]].</cite></ref> * Nchịkọta aka: Nke a bụ usoro nke ịghọrọ ihe ọkụkụ site n'aka. Mkpụrụ osisi, dị ka apụl, pears na peaches, nwere ike ịghọrọ site na clippers * Nlekọta: A ghaghị ịsacha akpa owuwe ihe ubi, igbe, clippers na ngwá ọrụ ndị ọzọ tupu owuwe ihe ọṅụṅụ.<ref name=":2" /> == Nkà na ụzụ na-apụta == Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR / Cas9) enwetala nkwado n'oge na-adịbeghị anya dị ka usoro dị irè, dị mfe, nke ziri ezi, na nke dị ala iji gbanwee genomes nke ụdị.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Liu|first=Yang|date=2022-07-01|title=CRISPR/Cas9 technology and its application in horticultural crops|journal=Horticultural Plant Journal|language=en|volume=8|issue=4|pages=395–407|doi=10.1016/j.hpj.2022.04.007|issn=2468-0141}}</ref> Kemgbe afọ 2013, a na-eji CRISPR eme ihe iji bulie ụdị ọka, mkpụrụ osisi, na akwụkwọ nri dị iche iche. A na-agbanwe ihe ọkụkụ iji mee ka ha na-eguzogide ihe mgbochi na ihe mgbochi dị ka parasites, ọrịa, na ụkọ mmiri ozuzo yana ịbawanye mmepụta, nri na-edozi ahụ, na ụtọ.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Wang|first=Tian|date=2021-11-17|title=CRISPR/Cas9-Mediated Gene Editing Revolutionizes the Improvement of Horticulture Food Crops|url=https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.jafc.1c00104|journal=Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry|language=en|volume=69|issue=45|pages=13260–13269|doi=10.1021/acs.jafc.1c00104|pmid=33734711|issn=0021-8561|accessdate=2022-12-07}}</ref> Tụkwasị na nke a, ejirila CRISPR mee ihe iji dezie àgwà ndị a na-achọghị, dịka ọmụmaatụ, belata nchara na mmepụta nke ihe na-egbu egbu na ihe ilu nke poteto. A na-ejikwa CRISPR mee ihe iji dozie nsogbu nke ọnụego mmịpụta mkpụrụ osisi dị ala na mkpụrụ osisi dị obere nke a na-ahụkarị na greenhouses. N'iji ya tụnyere Genetically Modified Organisms (GMO), CRISPR anaghị agbakwunye DNA ọ bụla na mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa nke osisi ahụ.<ref>{{Cite web|first=Sonali|author=Mookerjee|date=2023-11-30|title=Gene-editing primer: What's the difference between CRISPR crops and GMOs?|url=https://geneticliteracyproject.org/2023/11/30/gene-editing-primer-whats-the-difference-between-crispr-crops-and-gmos/|accessdate=2024-03-06|work=Genetic Literacy Project|language=en-US}}</ref> == Nzukọ == E nwere òtù dị iche iche n'ụwa niile na-elekwasị anya n'ịkwalite na ịgba ume nyocha na agụmakwụkwọ na ngalaba niile nke sayensị ubi; òtù ndị dị otú ahụ gụnyere International Society for Horticultural Science na American Society of Horticultural Science . <ref name=":6">{{Cite web|title=ISHS|url=http://ishs.org/about|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120922225337/http://ishs.org/about|archivedate=September 22, 2012}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://web.archive.org/web/20120922225337/http://ishs.org/about "ISHS"]. Archived from [http://ishs.org/about the original] on September 22, 2012.</cite></ref><ref name=":7" /> Na United Kingdom, e nwere nnukwu ụlọ ọrụ abụọ na-ahụ maka ọrụ ugbo. Ancient Society of York Florists bụ òtù horticultural kachasị ochie n'ụwa ma guzobe ya na 1768; nzukọ a na-aga n'ihu na-akwado ihe ngosi horticultural anọ kwa afọ na York, England.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Ancient society of York Florists,oldest horticultural society in world,longest running horticultural show in world established 1768, flower shows in york yorkshire uk,horticultural shows in york yorkshire uk, vegetable shows in york yorkshire uk, fruit shows in york yorkshire uk, floral art shows in york yorkshire uk,handicrafts and baking shows in york uk,dahlia shows in york yorkshire uk,gladioli shows in york yorkshire uk,chrysanthemum shows in york yorkshire uk, auricula shows in york yorkshire uk, sweet pea shows in york yorkshire uk|url=http://www.ancientsocietyofyorkflorists.co.uk/|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181112171754/http://ancientsocietyofyorkflorists.co.uk/|archivedate=2018-11-12|accessdate=2016-07-13|work=www.ancientsocietyofyorkflorists.co.uk}}</ref> Tụkwasị na nke a, Royal Horticultural Society, nke e guzobere na 1804, bụ ọrụ ebere na United Kingdom nke na-eduga na agbamume na imeziwanye sayensị, nka, na omume nke ịkọ ugbo na alaka ya niile.<ref>{{Cite web|title=The Royal Horticultural Society, UK charity focussed on the art, science and practice of horticulture.|url=https://www.rhs.org.uk/science|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190526150441/https://www.rhs.org.uk/science|archivedate=2019-05-26|accessdate=2018-01-13|work=The Royal Horticultural Society Website}}</ref> Nzukọ ahụ na-ekerịta ihe ọmụma banyere ọrụ ugbo site na obodo ya, mmemme mmụta, na ogige na ihe ngosi ụwa.   <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2021)">citation needed</span>]]''&#x5D;</sup> [https://www.horticulture.org.uk/ Chartered Institute of Horticulture] (CIH) bụ òtù ọkachamara Chartered maka ndị na-ahụ maka horticulturists na ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị na-ahụ Maka ubi na-anọchite anya ngalaba niile nke ụlọ ọrụ ubi gafee Great Britain, Ireland na mba ofesi.Ọ bụ naanị ndị ọkachamara n'ọrụ ugbo ebe ndị ọkachamara ya kachasị elu nwere ike inweta ọnọdụ Chartered ma ghọọ Chartered Horticulturist. E guzobere Australian Society of Horticultural Science na 1990 dị ka òtù ọkachamara iji kwalite ma melite sayensị na ụlọ ọrụ horticultural nke Australia.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Australian Society of Horticultural Science – Australian Society of Horticultural Science|url=http://aushs.org.au/|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230119180941/http://aushs.org.au/|archivedate=2023-01-19|accessdate=2016-06-11}}</ref> N'ikpeazụ, New Zealand Horticulture Institute bụ nzukọ ọzọ a ma ama na-ahụ maka ịkọ ugbo.<ref>{{Cite web|title=RNZIH – Royal New Zealand Institute of Horticulture – Home Page|url=http://www.rnzih.org.nz/|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230119180944/https://www.rnzih.org.nz/|archivedate=2023-01-19|accessdate=2012-10-26}}</ref> Na India, Horticultural Society of India (nke bụzi Indian Academy of Horticultural Sciences) bụ ụlọ ọrụ kachasị ochie nke e guzobere na 1941 na Lyallpur, Punjab (nke dị na Pakistan ugbu a) mana e mechara kwaga Delhi na 1949.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Headquarters|url=https://www.iahs.org.in/headquarters/|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210819171137/https://www.iahs.org.in/headquarters/|archivedate=2021-08-19|accessdate=2021-08-19|work=IAHS|language=en-US}}</ref> Òtù ọzọ a ma ama na-arụ ọrụ kemgbe afọ 2005 bụ Society for Promotion of Horticulture nke dị na Bengaluru.<ref>{{Cite web|title=SPH|url=https://sph.iihr.res.in/about_us.php|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210819171138/https://sph.iihr.res.in/about_us.php|archivedate=2021-08-19|accessdate=2021-08-19|work=sph.iihr.res.in}}</ref> Ndị otu abụọ a na-ebipụta akwụkwọ akụkọ ndị ọkà mmụta - Indian Journal of Horticulture na Journal of Horticultural Sciences maka ọganihu nke sayensị horticultural.   Ọ bụ Kerala State Horticulture Mission na-eduzi Horticulture na steeti India nke Kerala. E guzobere National Junior Horticultural Association (NJHA) na 1934 ma bụrụ nzukọ mbụ n'ụwa nke a raara nye naanị ndị ntorobịa na ọrụ ugbo. A na-eme mmemme NJHA iji nyere ndị na-eto eto aka inweta nghọta bụ isi banyere ọrụ ugbo ma zụlite nkà na nka na sayensị a na-agbasawanye.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Home – NJHA|url=http://www.njha.org/|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230119180942/https://www.njha.org/|archivedate=2023-01-19|accessdate=2016-06-11}}</ref> Global Horticulture Initiative (GlobalHort) na-akwalite mmekọrịta na ọrụ n'etiti ndị ọrụ dị iche iche na horticulture. Nzukọ a na-elekwasị anya pụrụ iche na horticulture maka mmepe (H4D), nke na-agụnye iji horticulture belata ịda ogbenye na imeziwanye nri na-edozi ahụ n'ụwa niile. A na-ahazi GlobalHort n'ime njikọ nke ụlọ ọrụ mba na nke mba ụwa nke na-arụkọ ọrụ ọnụ na nyocha, ọzụzụ, na ọrụ na-emepụta teknụzụ iji mezuo ebumnuche kwekọrịtara. GlobalHort bụ òtù na-enweghị uru edebanyere aha na Belgium.<ref>{{Cite web|title=The Global Horticulture Initiative|url=http://www.globalhort.org/|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180413061926/http://www.globalhort.org/|archivedate=2018-04-13|accessdate=2016-06-11}}</ref> == Hụkwa ==    == Ebem si dee == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] tlclvbhz4oiilzr4nczzah038ld3ry4 0 50670 643995 185916 2026-05-30T13:17:21Z Chiziqa 13055 Fixed reference error 643995 wikitext text/x-wiki Ughelli bụ obodo dị na Delta Steeti, Naijiria. Sorokwa na otu n'ime ime iri abụọ na anọ mebere obodo Urhobo .  Ọ na-ejekwa ozi dị ka isi ụlọ ọrụ ọrụ ime Ughelli mpaghara ugwu nke Delta steeti.  [1] Obodo a bụ ụmụ amaala Urhobo, mana lili nke ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ sitere na mba & mba ofesi.  Ọ bụ ebe ihe ihe na ọrụ ugbo nke Delta Steeti. Ughelli dị na steeti Delta yana nnukwu obodo maka agbụrụ Urhobo, bụkwa otu n'ime ala eze kacha ochie na Delta steeti na ike nke iri na anọ na iri na ise. Obodo Ughelli bụ onye nketa nke a na-akpọ Ovie na-achị .  Eze, Oharisi III, bi na Ovie Ovie dị na Otovwodo-Ughelli. == Akụkọ ihe mere eme == Omenala ọnụ Ughelli nwere na nnukwu nna na nna ntọala Ughelli ("Ughene"), bụ nwa nwoke nke abụọ nke Oghwoghwa (Onye isi ala nke Benin ).  Dị ka mgba ihe mere eme si kwuo, Oghwoghwa n'ịchọ ala-eze nke ya mbụ bụ na Tarakiri ma hapụ Oviri Ogor (ebe dị ugbu a nke Ogor Techinal College).  Ughene hapụ Oviri Ogor wee guzobe Ovwodoawanre (Old Settlement), tupu isi ụlọ ọrụ nwe ugbu a na Otovwodo (isi ụlọ ọrụ omenala). [[Usòrò:Ughelli_Kingdom.jpg|thumb| Otovwodo,Ughelli Kingdom]] Ughelli nwera ọtụtụ ụlọ akwụkwọ, ụlọ ọgwụ izugbe, yana mmegharị ime obodo.  Obodo a bụ njikọ dị n'etiti Delta North na Delta South .  a nwere oke isiokwu na gas, Obodo achọ, Shell Petroleum Development Company (SPDC). Obodo Ughelli bụ isi ụlọ ọrụ nchịkwa nke Ughelli North Local Government Area. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Ughelli North Local Government Area|url=https://www.finelib.com/listing/Ughelli-North-Local-Government-Area/22213/|accessdate=2022-08-30|work=finelib.com}}</ref> == Nhazi == A haziri okpuru ọchịchị ime obodo gọọmenti Ughelli dị ka mpaghara ime obodo, [2] ya na Oga oche ndị mmadụ na ndị kansụl na-anya anya Wọọdụ mgbaàmà.  O nwere ngalaba dị iche iche na-ahụ maka ọrụ dịka ego, nkwado, ngwaọrụ, ọrụ ugbo, na ọrụ, nke ndị isi ngalaba na-achị.  Ndị ọrụ ọdịnala, ndị eze ọdịnala na ndị isi, na-ekerekwa òkè n'obodo.  Enwere ike ike kọmitii iji ọrụ ụfọdụ.  A na-achị achị Ughelli site n'usoro iwu obodo Naijiria na iwu ime obodo, na-agba ọsọ usoro enwewere okwa etiti, steeti na mpaghara. <ref name=":1" /> == Ebe == Ughelli's latitude and longitude nhazi bụ: 5.500187, 5.993834.  [5] Ọ bụ obodo dị na ndị Naijiria na ndị kacha ochie nke mbụ iri abụọ na anọ nke ndị Urhobo.  <nowiki></link></nowiki>Ughelli dị nso na oke idei mmiri dị n'osimiri Niger Delta, [3] na obodo na obodo gbara ] gburugburu [ Ndị a bụ Agbara-Otor, Agbaro, Ufuoma, Otokutu, Ogor <ref name=":1">{{Cite web|author=Rume|first=Allison|date=2023-04-21|title=Discover Ughelli, Delta State|url=https://www.lonelyafrica.com/discover-ughelli-delta-state/|accessdate=2023-04-26|work=Lonely Africa|language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFRume2023">Rume, Allison (21 April 2023). [https://www.lonelyafrica.com/discover-ughelli-delta-state/ "Discover Ughelli, Delta State"]. ''Lonely Africa''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> == Ndepụta nke ndị ọchịchị Ughelli == {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:right;" ! style="width:10em;" |Onye ọchịchị ! style="width:10em;" | Malite ! Ọgwụgwụ |- | Ughene | 1440 | style="text-align:left;padding-left:1em;" | 1460 |- | Inere | 1461 | style="text-align:left;padding-left:1em;" | 1524 |- | Evweresoso | 1525 | style="text-align:left;padding-left:1em;" | 1567 |- | Agwaide | 1568 | style="text-align:left;padding-left:1em;" | 1594 |- | Arhavwode | 1595 | style="text-align:left;padding-left:1em;" | 1647 |- | Adague | 1648 | style="text-align:left;padding-left:1em;" | 1706 |- | Useh | 1707 | style="text-align:left;padding-left:1em;" | 1757 |- | Akporoba | 1758 | style="text-align:left;padding-left:1em;" | 1806 |- | Esejuvevwo | 1807 | style="text-align:left;padding-left:1em;" | 1855 |- | Oghogho I | 1856 | style="text-align:left;padding-left:1em;" | 1884 |- | Idjesa | 1885 | style="text-align:left;padding-left:1em;" | 1916 |- | Aharisi I | 1917 | style="text-align:left;padding-left:1em;" | 1943 |- | Aharisi II | 1944 | style="text-align:left;padding-left:1em;" | 1980 |- | Oghogho II | 1981 | style="text-align:left;padding-left:1em;" | 1991 |- | Oharisi III | 1992 | style="text-align:left;padding-left:1em;" | Dị ugbu a |- |} == Egwuregwu == Ughelli ji nke nta nke nta na-aghọ ụlọ egwuregwu mgbe ntọala klọb Rovers egwuregwu bọọlụ Ughelli bụ ndị na-azo mpi na Ligii mba Naijiria, [6] agba nke atọ nke ụlọ egwuregwu Naijiria ma na-egwu egwuregwu ụlọ ha na Ughelli Stadiumlọ egwuregwu obodo == Ndị ama ama == * Efe Abogidi <ref name="clark">{{Cite web|author=Clark|first=Colton|title=For Cougs, the secret's out|url=https://lmtribune.com/sports/for-cougs-the-secret-s-out/article_8c417ea4-8c6a-5d69-b674-45f1c29004a4.html|work=[[Lewiston Morning Tribune]]|accessdate=February 9, 2021|date=January 2, 2021}}</ref> * Efe Ajagba * [[Gamaliel Onosode]] * Ben Okri * Destalker (onye na-akpa ọchị) == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} 2uc9r6xpcqsfvj8sj9359inekz354w3 0 50739 643997 182683 2026-05-30T13:18:32Z Chiziqa 13055 Fixed reference error 643997 wikitext text/x-wiki Ugbo rịbọn (nke a makwaara dị ka ugbo warara, nza osimiri, ugbo ogologo oge, ma ọ bụ naanị ogologo nza)[1] [2] dị ogologo, nkewa ala dị warara maka ịkọ ugbo, na-agbakọkarị n'okporo ụzọ mmiri. Mgbe ụfọdụ, ha na-akara n'okporo ụzọ. [[Usòrò:Detroit1796.jpg|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|Ugbo Ribbon n'akụkụ [[Detroit]]_River" id="mwEg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Detroit River">Osimiri Detroit na 1796, ebe Detroit na Windsor nke oge a, Ontario, guzo ugbu a. Fort Detroit dị n'akụkụ ugwu nke osimiri ahụ n'etiti aka ekpe, na Belle Isle dị n'aka nri.]] [[Usòrò:Ribbon_grants_of_the_Bayswater_area,_Swan_River_Colony.png|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|Ribbon na-enye onyinye n'akụkụ Osimiri Swan nke Western Australia n'etiti Perth na Guildford]] == Ihe ndị mere n'oge gara aga == Ugbo rịbọn ma ọ bụ nke dị warara juru ebe niile n'akụkụ ụwa dị iche iche n'akụkụ osimiri; Ebe ubi ndị a pụtara gụnyere n'akụkụ ụfọdụ nke Ireland,[3] Central Europe (karịsịa na Germany na Poland), West Africa, Hokkaido, Brazil, na Chile.[2] Na United States na Canada, a na-ahụ ugbo rịbọn n'ebe dị iche iche nke ndị France biri, ọkachasị n'akụkụ Osimiri Saint Lawrence, Great Lakes, [1] na Osimiri Detroit na tributaries,[4] na akụkụ nke Louisiana. ] Akụkụ ụfọdụ nke ndịda ọdịda anyanwụ America, ọkachasị Texas, nwekwara ebe a na-akụ rịbọn.<ref name="texas" /> O yikarịrị ka ugbo ndị na-akpa ákwà n'ọtụtụ eriri malitere n'onwe ha n'akụkụ dị iche iche nke ụwa. Otú ọ dị, ugbo ribbon ndị gbasasịrị na United States nwere ike isite na ihe nlereanya Europe.<ref name="texas">{{Cite journal|author=Terry G. Jordan|date=March 1974|title=Antecedents of the Long-Lot in Texas|journal=Annals of the Association of American Geographers|volume=64|pages=70–86|doi=10.1111/j.1467-8306.1974.tb00955.x}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFTerry_G._Jordan1974">Terry G. Jordan (March 1974). "Antecedents of the Long-Lot in Texas". ''Annals of the Association of American Geographers''. '''64''': 70–86. [[Digital object identifier|doi]]:[[doi:10.1111/j.1467-8306.1974.tb00955.x|10.1111/j.1467-8306.1974.tb00955.x]].</cite></ref> Mmalite nke ugbo eriri na Europe edoghị anya, mana ngosipụta mbụ e dekọrọ nke ụdị ugbo ndị a bụ na Germany na narị afọ nke itoolu ruo nke iri na otu.<ref name="texas" /> A na-egbutu ogologo ala ndị a na Germany n'oge ochie n'ime ọhịa ma ọ bụ marshes, kama n'akụkụ osimiri, na-enye ohere maka ịhazi ụlọ n'akụkụ ụzọ etiti.<ref name="texas" /> Site na Germany, usoro ahụ gbasara, ọkachasị n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ [[France]], ebe oké ọhịa, marsh, na osimiri dị ogologo guzobere nke ọma n'oge ndị France malitere ịchị Amerịka. Ka ọ na-erule afọ 1630, a na-ebubata usoro ogologo na New World ma guzobe ya na St Lawrence Seaway dị ka usoro seigneurial nke France. Site n'ebe ahụ, a na-eburu atụmatụ ugbo ribbon dị n'akụkụ osimiri gaa n'akụkụ ndị ọzọ nke ndị France na-achị, ma gbasaa n'akụkụ ụfọdụ nke ndị Spain na-achị.<ref name="texas" /> == Nkọwa ==   Ogo nke ugbo rịbọn nwere ike ịdịgasị iche site n'ọtụtụ gaa n'ọtụtụ yana site na ebe ruo ebe. Na Illinois, nza ndị a nwere ike ịbụ  1⁄4 mile (400 m) ma ọ bụ karịa na naanị 30–40 ụkwụ (9–12 m) n'obosara.[1] Na nso Detroit, ugbo rịbọn ahụ dị ihe dị ka ụkwụ 250 (75 m) n'obosara yana ihe ruru kilomita 3 (5 km) ogologo.[5] Na Texas, nza nwere ike ịdị ntakịrị ka acres 10 (4 ha) na mpaghara, ma ọ bụ buru ibu dịka 5 na 20 kilomita (8 site na 32 km). <ref name="texas">{{Cite journal|author=Terry G. Jordan|date=March 1974|title=Antecedents of the Long-Lot in Texas|journal=Annals of the Association of American Geographers|volume=64|pages=70–86|doi=10.1111/j.1467-8306.1974.tb00955.x}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFTerry_G._Jordan1974">Terry G. Jordan (March 1974). "Antecedents of the Long-Lot in Texas". ''Annals of the Association of American Geographers''. '''64''': 70–86. [[Digital object identifier|doi]]:[[doi:10.1111/j.1467-8306.1974.tb00955.x|10.1111/j.1467-8306.1974.tb00955.x]].</cite></ref> Ndị ọrụ ugbo nke eriri na-adịkarị, ọ bụ ezie na ọ bụghị n'ụwa niile, wuru ụlọ n'ugbo ahụ n'akụkụ osimiri nke mere na ụlọ ndị dị n'usoro ugbo eriri dị nso na ibe ha. == Uru ya == Na mpaghara ebe osimiri na-enye ụdị njem bụ isi, nhazi ugbo rịbọn nyere ọtụtụ ndị nwe ala ohere ịbanye n'ụzọ mmiri.[1][6] Na mgbakwunye, ogologo nza ahụ na-abawanye mgbanwe dị na ala na mmiri mmiri n'ime otu nza, [6] ma mee ka ọ dị mfe ịkọ ihe site n'ibelata oge ole ìgwè ehi kwesịrị ịtụgharị. N'ebe ndị ọrụ ugbo bi na nza ha (kama ịbụ n'ime ime obodo), ugbo rịbọn na-akwalite nkwurịta okwu na mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya, na-ejikọta ụlọ na njedebe nke nza.[1][6] Ugbo rịbọn ahụ na-emetụtakwa nguzozi akụ na ụba, ebe ụlọ dị nso ọnụ ma nwee ike ịnweta ya n'ụzọ dị mfe na nke akụ na ụba, ma ọ dịghị mkpa ka ndị ọrụ ugbo na-etinye oge njem gabiga ókè iji ruo ubi ha n'ebe dị anya site n'otu ime obodo.[7] N’ikpeazụ, n’ebe ndị ahụ dị n’Ụwa Ọhụrụ ebe a na-akụ rịbọn, ikewa ala n’ime akụkụ anọ dị ogologo dị nnọọ mfe inyocha na iwepụta ókè.<ref name="seign">{{Citation}}</ref> == Ọdịda == Otu ọghọm bụ na ala ọrụ ugbo nke otu onye ọrụ ugbo gbasara n'ụzọ na-adịghị mma, na-abụkarị ihe karịrị kilomita abụọ ma ọ bụ karịa, na-achọ ogologo oge njem iji ruo akụkụ azụ nke ogige ahụ. Otú ọ dị, ọghọm a abụghị ihe karịrị nke ndị ọrụ ugbo bi n'ime obodo dị n'etiti ga-enwe ma na-aga n'ubi ha.   <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2010)">citation needed</span>]]''&#x5D;</sup> == Hụkwa == * Usoro oghere oghere * Usoro ọchịchị nke New France * Ọrụ ugbo na-arụ ọrụ * Ọrụ ugbo na Norway * Ebe obibi n'ahịrị == Ebem si dee == mfcqitewqmadoq4gla39efwusgufqc9 0 50740 644215 182688 2026-05-30T19:36:53Z Wikipedian12512(alt) 61413 ce 644215 wikitext text/x-wiki N'ọrụ ugbo, roguing bụ omume nke ịchọpụta na iwepụ osisi ndị nwere àgwà na-adịghị mma na ubi ugbo. A na-ewepụ ndị na-emebi iwu n'ubi iji chekwaa ọdịdị nke ihe ọkụkụ a na-akụ. Osisi ndị a na-ewepụ nwere ike ịrịa ọrịa, nke ụdị achọghị, ma ọ bụ ihe na-adịghị mma maka ihe ndị ọzọ. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, iji hụ na ihe ọkụkụ ahụ na-ejigide iguzosi ike n'ezi ihe n'ihe gbasara ụfọdụ àgwà anụ ahụ, dị ka agba na ọdịdị ya, a pụrụ iwepụ ihe ọkụkụ n'otu n'otu nke na-egosipụta àgwà dị iche iche.[2] Roguing dị mkpa karịsịa mgbe ị na-akụ mkpụrụ, iji gbochie osisi ndị nwere àgwà na-adịghị mma ịgbasa n'ọgbọ ndị na-esote.<ref>Agricultural Seed Production By Raymond A. T. George</ref> == Ebem si dee == {{Reflist}} 0ao7zye5c2296txoh5bheqxb3ydjrps 0 51118 644566 184629 2026-05-31T07:19:55Z ~2026-32314-82 62081 Fixed reference errors 644566 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Usòrò:Fotothek_df_pk_0000130_005.jpg|thumb|Onye na-egbutu osisi na mma na-egwupụta ihe ọkụkụ.]] [[Usòrò:Swather.jpg|thumb|Ihe na-arụ ọrụ n'ụgbọ mmiri.]] Swathe (/sweɪð/ British English, ukwe ndị nwere "ịsa ahụ"; ma ọ bụ swath /swɒθ/ American English, rhymes with "akwa") bụ ibe osisi e gbuturu site na scythe ma ọ bụ igwe ịcha ahịhịa. Onye na-akpụ ahịhịa na-egbutu ọsụsọ n'akụkụ ebe a na-egbutu ahịhịa na-ahapụ ahịhịa a na-egbughị egbu n'aka nri yana ahịhịa a kpụrụ akpụ nke tọgbọrọ na windo n'aka ekpe nke dị n'ala a gbuchara mbụ. Ogologo swathe na-adabere n'ogologo agụba, ọdịdị nke ihe ọkụkụ, na igwe igwe, mana maka ahịhịa na-adịkarị ihe dịka mita 1.5 (4.9 ft) n'obosara. Mgbe ị na-egwe ọka n'otu egwuregwu, ndị mowers na-amalite n'ọnụ ọnụ ahịhịa ahịhịa n'ahịrị gbagọrọ agbagọ, wee gaa n'ihu na elekere elekere, na-ahapụ usoro swathes na windo wee mechie n'etiti.<ref name="How to use" /><ref name="Scything handbook" /> A na-eji ígwè ọrụ dochie scythe n'ozuzu, dị ka igwe na-akpụ akpụ ma ọ bụ ihe na-ewe ihe ubi, bụ́ nke na-egbutu swathe sara mbara karị mgbe ọ na-akpụ ifufe. N'oge mmalite nke ígwè ọrụ, mgbe ịnyịnya ma ọ bụ traktọ ga-ebu ụzọ kpụọ ihe e ji akwọ ụgbọ mmiri, ọ ka dị mkpa ka ndị na-akpụ akpụ na-akpụ akpụ meghee ebe sara mbara iji buru ígwè ahụ tupu ọ malite.<ref name="Scything handbook">{{Cite book|title=The Scything Handbook|url=https://www.filbertpress.com/our-books/the-scything-handbook|accessdate=2023-08-09|language=en-GB}}</ref><ref name="How to use">{{Cite web|url=http://www.motherearthnews.com/homesteading-and-livestock/how-to-use-a-scythe-zmaz81mjzraw.aspx|title=How to Use a Scythe|date=1981-05-01|first=Harvey R.|author=Gardner|work=Mother Earth News}}</ref> [[Usòrò:Rardiagdrp.jpg|thumb|Obosara Swathe nke satellite.]] ''Obosara Swathe'' nwekwara ike izo aka na obosara nke eriri ọ bụla a na-ebipụ ugboro ugboro, nke a na-enyocha ma ọ bụ nke a na'elu map, Lidar, Radar ma ọ bụ sonar scans ma ọ bụ nyocha multibeam echosounder bathymetric nke satellite, ụgbọelu ma ọ bụ ụgbọ mmiri na-agagharị.<ref>{{Cite web|title=SMAP Animation - Gathering Data|url=https://smap.jpl.nasa.gov/resources/33/smap-animation-gathering-data|accessdate=2023-07-26|work=SMAP|language=en}}</ref> == Hụkwa == * iOnye na-ewe ihe ubi * [[Scythe]] * Mgbanwe == Ebem si dee == 6pjgtnebimsa9g44n81t7ointbnajbt 0 51155 644126 213335 2026-05-30T17:18:25Z Mirah50 16972 Fixed reference errors 644126 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Molon belt rake-tedder tedding hay.gif|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|320x320px|A Molon belt rake/tedder tedding hay]] Tedder (nke a na-akpọkwa hay tedder) bụ igwe eji eme ahịhịa. A na-eji ya emechaa gbutuo na tupu ikuku, ma na-eji ndụdụ na-akpụ akpụ na-eme ka aerate ma ọ bụ "wuffle" ahihia wee si otú a na-ehicha ngwa ngwa tupu ịgbanye ma ọ bụ tụgharịa. Ojiji nke tedder na-enye ohere ka ahihia kpoo ("ọgwụgwọ") nke ọma, nke na-egbochi mildew ma ọ bụ gbaa ụka.<ref name="bailey">{{Cite book|editor=Bailey|title=Cyclopedia of American Agriculture: Farms|publisher=Macmillan|year=1907|pages=[https://archive.org/details/cyclopediaameri00unkngoog/page/n259 205]–206|url=https://archive.org/details/cyclopediaameri00unkngoog}}</ref> == Akụkọ ihe mere eme == [[Usòrò:Hay_tedder_p.jpg|thumb|Onye na-eme ihe nkiri hay lara ezumike nká]]   A malitere iji tedder mee ihe na ọkara nke abụọ nke narị afọ nke iri na itoolu.[2] Ọ bụ ezie na Charles Wendel na-ekwu na ya Encyclopedia of American farm equipments & antiques na e ebuteghị igwe ahụ na United States ruo n'afọ ndị 1880, [3] enwere ihe ngosi zuru oke na e ji tedder mee ihe na 1860 - New York Times na-akọ. na arụmọrụ ya na 1868, [4] na n'ime otu afọ ahụ akụkọ kwa afọ nke Commissioner of Agriculture na Maine kwuru banyere hay tedder Hubbard nke America mere, bụ nke dị n'ahịa kemgbe 1863; dị ka akụkọ Maine si kwuo, na 1859 igwe ahụ bụ "ihe eji eme ihe nke sitere na England na nso nso a".<ref>{{Cite book|author=Wender|first=Charles H.|title=Encyclopedia of American farm implements & antiques|publisher=Krause|year=2004|location=|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dJlJAM_hJD0C&pg=PA257|isbn=978-0-87349-568-4}}</ref><ref name="nyt">{{Cite news|title=The Hay Crop and the Haying Season|work=[[The New York Times]]|date=1868-06-26|url=https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1868/06/26/78945615.pdf|accessdate=2009-09-13}}</ref><ref name="maine">{{Cite book|title=Agriculture of Maine: Annual Report of the Commissioner of Agriculture|publisher=Maine Dept. of Agriculture|year=1868|location=Augusta|pages=236–38|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Fj0HAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA236}}</ref> A na-akọwa ihe omume nke tedder, na ngwụcha 19th na mmalite 20th narị afọ, dị ka ihe a na-eji "kpali" ma ọ bụ "ịgbasa" na-ebibi ahịhịa n'ọhịa.<ref>{{Cite book|author=Knight|first=Edward Henry|title=Knight's new mechanical dictionary: A description of tools, instruments, machines, processes, and engineering. With indexical references to technical journals (1876–1880.)|publisher=Houghton, Mifflin and company|year=1884|url=https://archive.org/details/knightsnewmecha00kniggoog}}</ref><ref>Mr. George Clark of Higganum, speaking before the Connecticut State Board of Agriculture in December 1903, insisted that the tedder is a heaping machine rather than a spreading machine. {{Cite book|author=Connecticut State Board of Agriculture|title=Annual report of the secretary of the Connecticut State Board of Agriculture, Volume 37|publisher=Press of Case, Lockwood and Co.|year=1904|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IIkYAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA147}} p. 147.</ref> == Ọrụ == [[Usòrò:Hay_tedder_(PSF).png|thumb|A hay tedder, yiri a ọkọlọtọ American nlereanya nke 20th narị afọ, na tines a kpụrụ dị ka [[pitchfork]] ends <ref name="davidson">{{Cite book|author=Davidson|first=Jay Brownlee|title=Farm machinery and farm motors|publisher=Orange Judd|year=1908|location=New York|pages=[https://archive.org/details/farmmachineryan00chasgoog/page/n186 174]–75|url=https://archive.org/details/farmmachineryan00chasgoog}}</ref>]] [[Usòrò:Bamford_Wuffler.JPG|thumb|Onye Bamford Wuffler]] Tedder mbụ bụ ngwá ọrụ ugbo na wiil abụọ nke ịnyịnya dọtara; ntughari nke axle na-eme ngwa nke na-arụ ọrụ "ọnụọgụ ogwe aka nwere eriri waya ma ọ bụ mkpịsị aka na nsọtụ ala." na-emekarị, elu nke tines na-eburu hay nwere ike gbanwee.<ref name="davidson" /> N'oge mbụ, ihe dị mfe nke ahịhịa a kọwara na 1852 ma mepụta ya na Edinburgh site na ụlọ ọrụ Maazị Slight, ụkwụ abụọ ahụ, site na wiil na pinion, na-akwọ otu wiil dị mfe, "igwe kwụ otu ebe"; na wiil abụọ a na-etinye rakes asatọ, nke na-eburu ma gbasaa ahịhịrị. <ref>{{Cite book|author=Stephens|first=Henry|title=The Book of the Farm, Volume 2|publisher=W. Blackwood|year=1852|location=Edinburgh and London|pages=228–29|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=weB-AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA229}}</ref> "English hay-tedder" mgbe e mesịrị na-eji cylinders abụọ dị iche iche nwere forks na-agbagharị agbagharị nke enwere ike ịtụgharị iji mee ka ahịhịa dị ala n'ụzọ dị mfe maka ikpughe ikuku ka mma.<ref>{{Cite book|author=Knight|first=Edward Henry|title=Knight's American mechanical dictionary: A description of tools, instruments, machines, processes, and engineering; history of inventions; general technological vocabulary; and digest of mechanical appliances in science and the arts, Volume 3|publisher=Houghton, Osgood and company|year=1881|pages=2503–2504|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qQ_OAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA2503}}</ref> Ngwunye ndị America, dị ka ndị ụlọ ọrụ ndị dị ka Garfield, Mudgett, na Bullard mere (Ezekiel W. Bullard nke Barre, Massachusetts, ka a na-eto n'otu isi iyi na mmepụta nke igwe ahụ, nke a na-akpọ "agịga"), na-ejikarị usoro nwere mgbaaka na-agbagharị n'etiti ogwe aka na mkpịsị aka na njedebe elu, ma ọ bụ usoro nke na-agba gburugburu na-ebugharị forks n'elu na ala.<ref>{{Cite book|author=Pierce|first=Frederick Clifton|title=Foster genealogy, Part 2|publisher=W.B. Conkey|year=1899|location=Chicago|url=https://archive.org/details/fostergenealogy00piergoog}}</ref><ref name="davidson"/><ref>{{Cite book|author=Flint|first=Charles Louis|title=American farming and stock raising: with useful facts for the household, devoted to farming in all its departments|publisher=Casselberry|year=1892|location=New York|pages=240–41|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=B0zTAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA240}}</ref> Ihe mbụ a na-enweta n'ọtụtụ ahịa America bụ Bullard's Hay Tedder, nke a kpọtụrụ aha, nke nwere forks na-aga n'elu na ala na crank, na-arụ ọrụ na mmegharị a kọwara dị ka "ike na-akpụ akpụ nke ọkụkọ. " American Hay Tedder", nke Ames Plow Company nke Boston mere ma kọwaa na 1869 dị ka "ngwá ọrụ ọhụrụ, dị ịrịba ama maka ịdị mfe na izu oke nke ịrụ ọrụ, dị ka igwe Britain na ọrụ ya. <ref>{{Cite book|author=Thomas|first=John Jacob|title=Farm implements and farm machinery, and the principles of their construction and use: with simple and practical explanations of the laws of motion and force as applied on the farm|publisher=Orange Judd|year=1869|location=New York|pages=[https://archive.org/details/farmimplementsa00thomgoog/page/n171 165]–66|url=https://archive.org/details/farmimplementsa00thomgoog}}</ref> Ụfọdụ tedders nwere tines na-agbagharị agbagharị n'ime ihe siri ike iji mee ka ike a na-etinye na hay dịkwuo elu. Ngwaọrụ ndị ọzọ yiri ya gụnyere ''Wuffler'' na acrobat. Wuffler na-agbanye ahịhịa n'ụzọ yiri tedder.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K_y9ItloW6g|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20231007203535/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K_y9ItloW6g&feature=youtu.be|archivedate=2023-10-07|title=David Brown 995, Bamford Wuffler. Summer 2013|accessdate=2024-08-27}}</ref> A pụkwara iji acrobat mee ihe maka ịtụgharị, na maka ịkwọ ụgbọ mmiri dị njikere maka ịgba ọsọ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6JfgDLCmAE8|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20231007171937/https://www.youtube.com/watch?app=desktop&v=6JfgDLCmAE8|archivedate=2023-10-07|title=Bukh 452 Super Raking Straw w/ Vicon Acrobat Hayturner &#124; Old Timers &#124; DK Agriculture|accessdate=2024-08-27}}</ref> [[Usòrò:Galtür_-_Heuernte_03.jpg|thumb|Tractor nwere rotary tedder]] === Rak ndị dị n'etiti === N'elu gyroscopes abụọ na-emegide ibe ha, nke a na-akwọ pto-driven, a na-etinye tines kwụ ọtọ n'okpuru. Ndị a na-ezo aka na ihe mkpofu ahịhịa ndụ ma tụfuo ya. N'ihi nkata nchịkọta a na-etinye n'azụ, ikuku na-agagharị na Rake. Nkesa ha dị ala n'ihi ọrụ dị nta.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.hoftechnik.at/zetten-heuwender-kreiselheuer/|title=Zetten: Heuwender{{!}}Kreiselheuer » hoftechnik.at|work=www.hoftechnik.at|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150522003053/http://www.hoftechnik.at/zetten-heuwender-kreiselheuer|archivedate=2015-05-22}} </ref> == Ojiji na mkpa == [[Usòrò:Heuwender_Stoll_Z450_6008.jpg|thumb|Ihe eji eme ihe n'oge a]] Mmepe ya dị oke mkpa maka ọrụ ugbo, ebe ọ bụ na ọ na-azọpụta ọrụ ma si otú a chekwaa ego: site na iji tedder, otu onye na otu anụmanụ nwere ike ịrụ ọrụ dịka ndị ọrụ aka iri na ise. <ref>{{Cite book|author=Allen|first=Richard Lamb|title=New American farm book|publisher=Orange Judd|year=1869|location=New York|pages=[https://archive.org/details/newamericanfarm00allegoog/page/n132 127]–28|url=https://archive.org/details/newamericanfarm00allegoog}}</ref> Ọ rụpụtakwara akụ na ụba ka ukwuu, ebe ọ bụ na a ga-agbanwe ahịhịa a gbuturu ka ọ bụrụ ahịhịhịa n'otu ụbọchị ahụ ọbụlagodi na ọ dị mmiri ma ọ bụ ịnyịnya na-azọ ụkwụ na tupu e belata uru nri ya site na mmiri ozuzo ugboro ugboro.<ref>{{Cite book|author=Hunter|first=Robert|title=The Supplementary Cyclopedia of Universal Knowledge; supplement to The American encyclopaedic dictionary: a work of reference to the English language defining over 250,000 words|publisher=R.S. Peale and J.A. Hill|year=1897|location=Chicago and New York|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NV5YAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA18}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|author=Sanford|first=Albert Hart|title=The story of agriculture in the United States|publisher=D.C. Heath|year=1916|pages=[https://archive.org/details/storyagricultur00sanfgoog/page/n263 252]–53|url=https://archive.org/details/storyagricultur00sanfgoog}} See also the entry "American Farm Implements" in {{Cite book|author=Beach|first=Frederick Converse|title=The Americana: a universal reference library, comprising the arts and sciences, literature, history, biography, geography, commerce, etc., of the world, Volume 1|publisher=Scientific American compiling department|year=1912|pages=283–86|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=K5uZAAAAIAAJ&pg=RA2-PT283}}</ref> Karịsịa n'ebe ndị na-ekpo ọkụ (dị ka Eastern United States), mmepụta nke tedder gbakwunyere nke ukwuu na mmepụta ahịhịa dị ka alfalfa <ref name="bailey"/> na clover, [1] ma nye ohere maka ahịhịhịa mgbe ahịhịrị ka na-acha akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ <ref name="nyt"/> nke mepụtara ahịhụ nke bara uru dị elu.<ref>{{Cite book|author=Kansas State Board of Agriculture|title=Report of the Kansas State Board of Agriculture|publisher=Edwin H. Snow|year=1894|location=Topeka|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CC_OAAAAMAAJ&pg=RA1-PA37}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|author=Michigan State Board of Agriculture|title=Report of the secretary, Volume 7|publisher=John A. Kerr|year=1868|location=Lansing|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=E8wSAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA223}}</ref><ref name="maine"/> == Hụkwa == * Ndepụta nke ígwè ọrụ ugbo == Ebem si dee == n71q89s9451vp2ctfxmn20894zdi1eh 0 51189 644067 184999 2026-05-30T15:09:43Z Mirah50 16972 Fixed reference errors 644067 wikitext text/x-wiki Tarauni bụ iche ime obodo na Kano State, Nigeria .  Secretariat ya dị na Unguwa Uku n'ime obodo Kano . Ọ mpaghara 28 km 2 na ọnụ ọgụgụ mmadụ 221,367 na ngụkọ 2006. Koodu ozi nke mpaghara ahụ bụ 700. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Post Offices- with map of LGA|publisher=NIPOST|url=http://www.nipost.gov.ng/PostCode.aspx|accessdate=2009-10-20|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20091007011423/http://www.nipost.gov.ng/PostCode.aspx|archivedate=2009-10-07}}</ref> akara ime nwere ngalaba iri (10 obodo) dịka ndị a. * Tarauni Ward * Gyadi-Gyadi Arewa Ward * Gyadi-Gyadi Kudu Ward * Darmawa Ward * Daurawa Ward * Babban Giji Ward * Hotoro Ward * Unguwa Uku Cikin Gari Ward, * Unguwa Uku Kauyen Alu Ward * Unguwar Gano Ward Mpaghara ọ bụla nwere onye nnọchite anya nke ya dịka onye kansụl. == Geography == Mpaghara Gọọmenti Tarauni nwere nkezi okpomọkụ dị ogo Celsius 32 yana mkpokọta mpaghara 28 square. Oge udu mmiri na udu mmiri bu oge abuo di iche iche nke Gọmenti ime obodo na-enwe, nke nwere ihu igwe oyi. Mpaghara ọchịchị Tarauni nwere nkezi iru mmiri ruru 29%. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Tarauni Local Government Area|url=https://www.manpower.com.ng/places/lga/444/tarauni#google_vignette|accessdate=2024-08-16|work=www.manpower.com.ng}}</ref> == Akụ na ụba == Akụ na ụdị obodo ndị dị na Tarauni gbadoro ụkwụ na, dị ka ọtụtụ ndị dị n'ebe ahụ , pálaịja ehi Naibawa a ma nke na-enye ọtụtụ ndị na-azụ ahihia na ndị na-ere aha.  Ozi akụ na akụkụ ọzọ dị mkpa na mpaghara Tarauni bụ ụmụ anụmanụ.  Ewu, ebule, ụgbọ, na ehi so n’ihe e kere eke a na-akpa n’ebe ahụ.  Ọrụ ugbo, dị nta na akpụkpọ anụ bụ ụfọdụ n'ime ọrụ akụ na Aha ndị ọzọ dị mkpa na mpaghara Tarauni <ref name=":0" /> == Ihu igwe == N'ime ime obodo Tarauni, oge ọkọchị na-e mkpuchi, oge udu mmiri na-akpagbu ma na-enwekarị urukpuru, ihu igwe na-ekpokwa ọkụ n'afọ niile.  Nkezi kwara afã na- agbanwe n'etiti 24°F na 27°F, ọ na-iche ada n'okpuru 48°F ma ọ bụ na-ebili n'elu 103°F. <ref>{{Cite web|date=2024-08-16|title=Weather Forecast Tarauni - Nigeria (Kano) : free 15 day weather forecasts|url=https://www.weathercrave.com/weather-forecast-nigeria/city-167754/weather-forecast-tarauni-today|accessdate=2024-08-16|work=Weather Crave|language=en}}</ref> == Ezinụlọ ama ama == * Jobawa == Ọchịchị ndị ama ama == * [[Muallimawa]] * [[Madinawa]] == Ndị ama ama == * Dalhatu Bayero * Musa Gwadabe * Mustapha Dangi * [[Abdullahi Aliyu Sumaila]] * Alhaji Jibir Wudil * Bello Maitama Yusuf * Justice Sanusi Ado Ma'aji * Sa'ad Asad Mohammed * Senator Isa Kachako * Lawan Musa Abdullahi * Aliyu Abdullahi Sumaila * Garba Imam * Musa Magami * Isa Gambo Dutse * Senator Ahmed Zakari * Ado Gwaram * Arch Ibrahim Haruna * Engr Mamman Abdullahi Umar * Barrister Ahmed Abdullahi Sumaila, Danisan Wudil * Barrister Aliyu Umar * Alhaji Bagudu Birnin Kebbi * Alh Nura Alkassim Gulu == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} h07pg5gkj4h7u2lyq1z5odn9fpwr9iw 0 51195 644250 588853 2026-05-30T19:48:54Z Wikipedian12512(alt) 61413 ce 644250 wikitext text/x-wiki Kiru bụ echiche ime obodo na Kano State, Nigeria .  Isi ụlọ ọrụ ya dị n'obodo Kiru Ọ mpaghara 927 km 2 na ọnụ ọgụgụ mmadụ 264,781 dabere na ngụkọ emere na 2006.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Post Offices- with map of LGA|publisher=NIPOST|url=http://www.nipost.gov.ng/PostCode.aspx|accessdate=2009-10-20|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121126042849/http://www.nipost.gov.ng/postcode.aspx|archivedate=2012-11-26}}</ref> Koodu ozi nke mpaghara ahụ bụ 711. == Ihu igwe == Na Kiru, mfe na-adị n'afọ niile na oge ọkọchị na-eju afọ dị iche na oge mmiri na-adịghị mma.  Nkezi afọ na- agbanwe n'etiti 54°F na 99°F;  ọ na- akara ala ma ọ bụ mpaghara 48°F ma ọ bụ 104°F.  Oge Ụka nke abụọ, nke na-amalite na Machị 14 wee malite na Mee 14, na-enwe oke ụbọchị na nkezi 96°F.  akpụkpọ bụ ụnwa kacha ewu na Kiru, yana nkezi dị elu nke 99°F yana obere ụmụaka nke 72°F.  Okpomọkụ dị elu kwa ụbọchị n'oge oge dị nro nke nwanyị 1.9, nke na-amalite site na Nọvemba 29 ruo Jenụwarị 27, dị n'okpuru 88°F.  January bụ ụnwayọ kacha oyi n'afọ na Kiru, yana nkezi dị elu nke 86°F yana obere 55°F. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Kiru Climate, Weather By Month, Average Temperature (Nigeria) - Weather Spark|url=https://weatherspark.com/y/58573/Average-Weather-in-Kiru-Nigeria-Year-Round|accessdate=2024-08-17|work=weatherspark.com|language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|date=2024-08-17|title=Weather Forecast Kiru - Nigeria (Kano) : free 15 day weather forecasts|url=https://www.weathercrave.com/weather-forecast-nigeria/city-489720/weather-forecast-kiru-today|accessdate=2024-08-17|work=Weather Crave|language=en}}</ref> == Geography == mgbaàmà Gọọmenti Kiru dị square kilomita 927 ma nwee oge dị: oge ​​ọkọchị na oge iche iche mmiri ozuzo.  mgbaàmà Gọọmenti na-enye njiri nkezi nke 33 Celsius ma na-enweta onyinye mmirika 950 mm kwa afọ <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Kiru Local Government Area |url=https://www.manpower.com.ng/places/lga/430/kiru#google_vignette |access-date=2024-08-17 |website=www.manpower.com.ng}}</ref> == Akụ na ụba == Ọtụtụ ndị bi na mpaghara mpaghara Kiru na-arụ ọrụ ugbo, ebe mpaghara ahụ na-amịpụta nnukwu ihe dịka ọka wit na osikapa.  Gọọmenti ime obodo nwere ọtụtụ ebe a na-ere aha na-azụta ma na-ere ihe dị iche iche, bụrụ na-eme ka mpaghara ahụ ebe nlekọta.  Ndị bi na mpaghara Gọọmenti Kiru na-ekerekwa òkè n'ịkpụ osisi, anụmanụ, na ntakiri dị ka ikeso akụ̀ na nna.. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Kiru Local Government Area |url=https://www.manpower.com.ng/places/lga/430/kiru#google_vignette |access-date=2024-08-17 |website=www.manpower.com.ng}}</ref> == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} gfw8jdrxmrbwtqc9ott9gbeb0ehf1rn 0 51206 644128 185019 2026-05-30T17:23:34Z Mirah50 16972 Fixed reference errors 644128 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Tehrik-e-Niswan''' (Urdu) bụ òtù ụmụ nwanyị na Pakistan. E guzobere Tehrik-e-Niswan na 1979<ref name="Trib" /> na Karachi, Sindh site na Sheema Kermani.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Sheema Kirmani raises voice for TikToker Ayesha's assault|url=https://www.24newshd.tv/20-Aug-2021/sheema-kirmani-raises-voice-for-tiktoker-ayesha-s-assault|work=24 News HD|date=20 August 2021|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=2012%5C01%5C09%5Cstory_9-1-2012_pg7_8|title=The Song of Mohen-jo-Daro' presented at Alliance Francaise|author=Farooq|first=Asad|date=9 January 2012|work=[[Daily Times (Pakistan)]]|accessdate=9 December 2012}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Women march for rights, gender parity – Social Track – People's right to wellness|url=http://socialtrack.pk/women-march-for-rights-gender-parity/}}</ref> E guzobere Tehrik-e-Niswan na 1979 iji jiri nka na-eme ihe nkiri dị ka ihe na-enye ụmụ nwanyị na-arụ ọrụ na obodo ndị a chụpụrụ achụpụ ozi ikike.<ref>{{Cite web|title='I will dance and no one can stop me' says Sheema Kermani|url=https://mmnews.tv/i-will-dance-and-no-one-can-stop-me-says-sheema-kermani/|work=MM News TV|date=30 May 2020}}</ref> N'Oge na-adịghị anya mgbe e guzobere ya, na 1980, ọchịchị Zia-ul-Haq, machibidoro arụmọrụ ịgba egwu, Tehrik jiri arụmọrụ dị ka ọkara maka ịgbasa ozi udo, ịha nhatanha na nkwekọrịta maka ụmụ nwanyị. [6] ị. <ref>{{Cite news|title=A song for women|url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1168629|work=DAWN.COM|date=10 March 2015|language=en}}</ref> Ihe mbụ Tehrik lekwasịrị anya bụ ịhazi nzukọ ọmụmụ ihe na ọmụmụ ihe na-ewere nsogbu ụmụ nwanyị ma ugbu a na-ahazi ọrụ ọdịbendị na okike dị ka Theatre and Dance iji nyefee ozi ya. .<ref name="Trib">{{Cite news|url=http://tribune.com.pk/story/201704/tehrik-e-niswan-passage-to-india/|title=Tehrik-e-Niswan: Passage to India|author=Qamar|first=Saadia|date=3 July 2011|work=[[The Express Tribune]]|accessdate=9 December 2012}}</ref> Tehrik e Niswan mere ọtụtụ egwuregwu ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Youlin|first=Magazine|title=Islamabad Literature Festival - Day I - - Youlin Magazine|url=https://www.youlinmagazine.com/article/islamabad-literature-festival-day-i/MTk1|work=www.youlinmagazine.com|language=en}}</ref> Ọ na-eme ihe nkiri na ihe omume akwụkwọ, emume ihe nkiri, nzukọ, ụlọ nsọ ọbụna ụlọ ọgwụ. <ref>{{Cite news|title=Greater efforts sought to inculcate values of tolerance in society|url=https://dailytimes.com.pk/207951/greater-efforts-sought-inculcate-values-tolerance-society/|work=Daily Times|date=26 February 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=Tehreek-e-Niswan organise two-day "Community Theater Festival"|url=https://pakobserver.net/arts-council-tehreek-e-niswan-organise-two-day-community-theater-festival/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=Arts Council hosts 4th Women's Peace Table Conference|url=https://tribune.com.pk/story/1836220/1-arts-council-hosts-4th-womens-peace-table-conference|work=The Express Tribune|date=28 October 2018|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=Tehrik-e-Niswan plans Dhamaal, discussion to remember victims|url=https://www.thenews.com.pk/print/432419-tehrik-e-niswan-plans-dhamaal-discussion-to-remember-victims|work=www.thenews.com.pk|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=Kramer|first=Elizabeth|title=Exploring feminist issues in Pakistan through arts|url=https://www.courier-journal.com/story/entertainment/arts/2017/05/31/exploring-feminist-issues-pakistan-through-arts/356394001/|work=The Courier-Journal}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=Kramer|first=Elizabeth|title=Pakistani artists, journalists give voice to issues government is reluctant to face|url=https://www.courier-journal.com/story/entertainment/arts/kramer/2017/06/15/voice-stifle/393774001/|work=The Courier-Journal}}</ref> Tehrik haziri emume ịgba egwú iji kwalite udo na mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Tehrik-e-Niswan|url=https://www.peaceinsight.org/en/organisations/tehrik-e-niswan/?location=pakistan&theme|work=Peace Insight|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=Theatre festival puts gender issues on stage|url=https://tribune.com.pk/story/2345615/1|work=The Express Tribune|date=28 February 2022|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=Tehreek-e-Niswan for raising voice to eliminate violence against women|url=https://www.thenews.com.pk/print/400241-tehreek-e-niswan-for-raising-voice-to-eliminate-violence-against-women|work=www.thenews.com.pk|language=en}}</ref> == Ọrụ ndị a ma ama == == Hụkwa == * Nzukọ Ọrụ Ụmụ nwanyị * Òtù Ụmụ nwanyị nile nke Pakistan * Akwara Na-acha Ọcha * Ikike ụmụ nwanyị == Ihe odide == l82xovpd87k23d0g07s80udmbnrbsbo 0 51216 644017 185041 2026-05-30T13:49:23Z Geraldine Kene 23189 Fixed reference error 644017 wikitext text/x-wiki The zhenskie sovety (shortened ka zhensovety) bụ ndị inyom councils guzobere na mpaghara nke Soviet Union mgbe 1958. A kọwara ha dị ka "ụmụ nke Zhenotdel ma na-enwe obere ohere na nnwere onwe karịa ka onye aha ha mere". .<ref name="Eng">{{Cite journal|author=Engel|first=Barbara Alpern|title=Women in Russia and the Soviet Union|journal=Signs|date=1987|volume=12|issue=4|doi=10.1086/494366|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/3174213|issn=0097-9740}}</ref> Ọ bụ ezie na ọ gbasara n'ụzọ iwu mgbe ọdịda nke USSR na 1991, kansụl ndị ahụ nwere mmetụta n'inye nkwado maka women of Russia ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị bloc na Russia. == Mmalite == Nzukọ bụ akụkụ nke nduzi Khrushchev nke Nikita Khrushchev, na ihe atụ a ma ama nke mmegharị ụmụ nwanyị gọọmentị na njedebe nke oge Soviet. Ebumume nke zhensovety bụ ịkwalite ọrụ mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya, echiche Marxist-Leninist na agụmakwụkwọ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị maka ụmụ nwanyị na-arụ ọrụ na USSR, iji gbaa ụmụ nwanyị ume ka ha na-arụsi ọrụ ike na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị (ma ọ bụ, ọ bụrụ na ha bụ ndị nwunye ụlọ, na-etinyekwu aka na ndị ọrụ ma mee ka mmepụta akụ na ụba dịkwuo elu). [2] [3] v<ref name="RusWom">{{Cite book|author=Corigliano|first=Norma Noonan|title=Encyclopedia of Russian Women's Movements|date=2001|publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group|isbn=978-0-313-30438-5|pages=190–192|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Qk-ICsx5L90C&pg=PA192}}</ref><ref name="RacSee">{{Cite book|author=Racioppi|first=Linda|title=Women's Activism in Contemporary Russia|date=1997|publisher=Temple University Press|isbn=978-1-56639-521-2|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1_hLXn6CbewC&pg=PA108|language=en}}</ref> == Mbelata na mweghachi == ''zhensovety'' ahụ kwụsịrị n'okpuru nduzi nke Leonid Brezhnev, ma mee ka ọ dịghachi ndụ n'okpuru iwu Mikhail Gorbachev nke ''perestroika''. Kansụl dị n'ọtụtụ mba Soviet, a na-etinyekwa ha n'okpuru Kọmitii Ụmụ nwanyị Soviet. <ref name="RusWom" /> Dị ka [[A. A. Muzyriia]] na [[V. V. Kopeiko]] si kwuo, e nwere ihe dị ka kansụl 230,000 nwere ihe karịrị nde mmadụ 2.3, ma dịgasị iche iche n'ibu na oke.<ref name="RacSee" /> Otú ọ dị, òtù ụmụ nwanyị na-apụta na USSR anabataghị ha, bụ ndị hụrụ mgbe ahụ dị ka akụkụ nke ụlọ ọrụ gọọmentị, na-echekwa ''nomenklatura'' (ndị isi) ma ghara ịkwado ụmụ nwanyị n'ụzọ zuru ezu dị ka ndị mgbanwe ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị.<ref name="RusWom" />ý [[Genia Brownins]] na-akọwa ''zhensovety'' dị ka ihe dị n'elu ala tupu ''perestroika'', ndị isi kansụl na-abụkarị ụmụ nwoke, na ndị otu CPSU.<ref name="RacSee" /> Otú ọ dị, ha nwere onwe ha karịa ndị ọchịchị dị elu karịa ọtụtụ òtù Soviet.<ref name="Eng" /> Mgbe ọdịda nke USSR na 1991, onye ndú nke SWC (nke e mechara hazie dị ka Women's Union of Russia (WUR)), Alevtina Fedulova, weere ụzọ siri ike ma gbaa ụmụ nwanyị ume itinye aka na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị (nke dara n'oge mgbanwe ''perestroika'' na ''glasnost''). N'ọnwa Ọktoba n'afọ 1993, e guzobere otu ndọrọndọrọ ọchịchị ''Zhenshchiny Rossii'' (Ndị inyom nke Russia), na-enweta nkwado na ike site na ''zhensovety''.<ref name="RusWom" /> == Ihe odide == i83o5f4gfkv31u1tc39stumhmgj61t1 0 51225 644245 185263 2026-05-30T19:47:29Z Wikipedian12512(alt) 61413 ce 644245 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Usòrò:Threshing_Machine_In_Action.jpg|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|300x300px|Igwe na-egwe ọka na-arụ ọrụ]] Igwe nzọcha ọka ma ọ bụ onye na-ezọcha mkpụrụ bụ ngwá ọrụ ugbo nke na-ekewa mkpụrụ ọka n'osisi na igbe. Ọ na-eme ya site n'iti ihe ọkụkụ ahụ ka ọ daa. Tupu e mepụta ígwè ọrụ ndị dị otú ahụ, a na-eji aka eme ihe nzọcha mkpụrụ: nzọcha aka dị otú ahụ na-arụsi ọrụ ike ma na-ewe oge, na-ewe ihe dị ka otu ụzọ n'ụzọ anọ nke ọrụ ugbo ka ọ na-erule narị afọ nke 18.[1] Nhazi usoro a wepụrụ nnukwu ọgwụ ike site na ọrụ ugbo. Onye injinia Scotland Andrew Meikle chepụtara igwe nzọcha mkpụrụ nke mbụ n'ihe dịka 1786, na ntinye igwe ndị dị otú ahụ sochiri ya bụ otu n'ime ihe atụ mbụ nke nrụpụta ọrụ ugbo. Na narị afọ nke 19, ndị na-azọcha mkpụrụ na ndị na-aghọrọ mkpụrụ na ndị na-ewe ihe ubi ji nwayọọ nwayọọ na-agbasa ebe niile ma mee ka mmepụta ọka ghara ịdị ike. Ndị na-ewe ihe ubi dị iche iche ejirila igwe na-ejikọta ọrụ ha niile, ya bụ ndị na-ewe ihe ubi ma ọ bụ ngwakọta. Otú ọ dị, igwe ndị dị mfe na-anọgide na-adị mkpa dị ka nkà na ụzụ kwesịrị ekwesị na mpaghara ọrụ ugbo dị ala, ma na mba ndị na-emepe emepe ma na mba ndị mepere emepe na obere ugbo na-agbalịsi ike karịsịa elu ọkwa nke onwe. Dị ka ihe atụ, ndị na-azọcha ihe na-eji pedal bụ nhọrọ dị ọnụ ala, ụfọdụ òtù Amish na-ejikwa ihe nkedo na-adọkpụ ịnyịnya na ndị na-azọcha ihe ochie. Dị ka ngwaa thresh na ngwaa ''[[wiktionary:thrash#Verb|thrash]]'' (ma bụrụkwa otu aha n'echiche na-akụ ọka), aha thrashing machine na '''thrasher''' bụ (nke a na-adịghị ahụkebe) ụdị ọzọ. == Mmetụta mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya == [[Usòrò:Batteuse_1881.jpg|thumb|Ngwunye ịkwachasị site na 1881]] Swing Riots na UK sitere na igwe nzọcha mkpụrụ. Mgbe ọtụtụ afọ nke agha gasịrị, ụtụ isi dị elu na ụgwọ ọrụ dị nta gasịrị, ndị ọrụ ugbo mesịrị nupụrụ isi na 1830. Ha echewo enweghị ọrụ ihu ruo ọtụtụ afọ, n'ihi iwebata ígwè ọrụ nzọcha mkpụrụ zuru ebe nile na ụkpụrụ nke ịgbachite ubi. Achọkwaghịzi ọtụtụ puku ndị ikom na-elekọta ihe ubi; ole na ole ga-ezuru. Ebe ọ bụ na ọrụ dị nta, ụgwọ ọrụ dị ala na enweghị atụmanya, igwe nzọcha mkpụrụ bụ ahịhịa ikpeazụ; ọ ga-etinye ha n'ọnụ ọnụ nke agụụ. Ndị Swing Rioters kụrisịrị ígwè ọrụ nzọcha mkpụrụ ma yie ndị ọrụ ugbo nwere ha egwu. E mesoro ọgbaghara ahụ nke ukwuu. A kwụgburu itoolu n'ime ndị ọgba aghara ahụ ma bugakwa 450 ọzọ n'Australia.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Caprettini|first=Bruno|title=Rage against the Machines: Labor-Saving Technology and Unrest in Industrializing England|journal=American Economic Review: Insights|year=2020|volume=2|issue=3|pages=305–320|doi=10.1257/aeri.20190385}}</ref> == Ịzụlite ya mgbe e mesịrị == [[Usòrò:Rhof-stiftendrescher.ogv|thumb|200x200px|Irreler Bauerntradition na-egosi igwe na-egwe ọka (Stiftendrescher) na Roscheider Hof Open Air MuseumEbe Ngosi Ihe Mgbe Ochie Roscheider Hof Open Air]] [[Usòrò:Rhof-windfege.ogg|thumb|200x200px|Irreler Bauerntradition na-egosi igwe na-eme ka mmiri na-agbaze na Roscheider Hof Open Air MuseumEbe Ngosi Ihe Mgbe Ochie Roscheider Hof Open Air]] A na-eji aka na-akwa ahịhịa n'oge mbụ ma na-eji ịnyịnya eme ihe. E debere ụfọdụ n'ime ụlọ e wuru n'ụzọ pụrụ iche, ụlọ mmanya, nke a ga-ejikọta ya na ụlọ nkwakọba ihe. Ha dị obere site na ụkpụrụ nke taa ma bụrụ ihe dịka piano kwụ ọtọ. Mgbe e mesịrị, a na-eji uzuoku eme ihe, nke injin a na-ebugharị ebugharị ma ọ bụ injin na-adọkpụ na-akwagharị. Isaiah Jennings, onye na-emepụta ihe, mepụtara obere ogwe osisi nke na-adịghị emerụ ahịhịa ahụ n'ime usoro ahụ. N'afọ 1834, John Avery na Hiram Abial Pitts chepụtara mmelite dị ịrịba ama na igwe nke na-akpaghị aka na-egwe ọka na ahịhịa, na-atọhapụ ndị ọrụ ugbo na usoro dị nwayọ ma sie ike. E nyere Avery na Pitts ikike United States # 542 na Disemba 29, 1837.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PALL&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.htm&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=0000542.PN.&OS=PN/0000542&RS=PN/0000542|title=United States Patent: 0000542|accessdate=18 July 2013|archivedate=9 October 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211009202914/https://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PALL&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.htm&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=0000542.PN.&OS=PN%2F0000542&RS=PN%2F0000542}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=When threshing machines were harvest kings|publisher=Small Business Advances|url=http://www.ledgersentinel.com/article.asp?a=6393|accessdate=2010-10-03|archivedate=2010-12-28|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101228221134/http://ledgersentinel.com/article.asp?a=6393}}</ref> John Ridley, onye Australia na-emepụta ihe, mepụtara igwe na-egwe ọka na South Australia na 1843. <ref name="ADB">{{Cite book|url=http://www.adb.online.anu.edu.au/biogs/A020334b.htm|title=Ridley, John (1806–1887)|accessdate=2007-08-19|author=H. J. Finnis|publisher=[[Melbourne University Press|MUP]]|year=1967|pages=379}}</ref> The 1881 Household Cyclopedia kwuru banyere igwe Meikle: : "Ebe ọ bụ na e mepụtara igwe a, Maazị Meikle na ndị ọzọ ejirila nwayọọ nwayọọ webata ọtụtụ mmelite, ihe niile na-achọ ime ka ọrụ ahụ dị mfe, na ịbawanye ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ọrụ a rụrụ. Mgbe e guzobere ya na mbụ, ọ bụ ezie na a na-ekewapụ ọka ahụ nke ọma karịa ahịhịa ahụ, ma dị ka a tụbara ya n'ụzọ na mgbagwoju anya, ọrụ ahụ nwere ike iwere ya dị ka ọkara nke ọma, ịkpụcha ọka ahụ, ma ọ ga-eme ugbu a ga-eme ka ọ dị iche. : [[Usòrò:1926_Threshing_Machine.png|áká_èkpè|thumb|Ngwunye na-egwe ọka nke 1926]]"N'ihi na ịnyịnya na-arụ ọrụ, site na uru dị elu nke anụmanụ ahụ na ụgwọ maka nlekọta ya, ebe ọ bụ ihe dị oke mkpa, a na-atụ aro na, n'elu ugbo niile buru ibu, ya bụ, ebe a na-akụ narị abụọ nke ọka, ma ọ bụ n'elu, ikuku ga-arụ ọrụ na igwe ahụ, ọ gwụla ma ọnọdụ mpaghara na-enye mmiri. Ebe coal dị oke ma dị ọnụ ala, enwere ike iji uzuoku rụọ ọrụ maka igwe ahụ." Igwe ndị na-eji uzuoku eme ihe na-eji belt ejikọta na injin traction; mgbe mgbe ma injin na thresher bụ nke onye ọrụ ngo na-agagharị n'ugbo nke mpaghara. Steam nọgidere bụrụ nhọrọ azụmahịa dị irè ruo n'afọ ndị mbụ nke WWII. [[Usòrò:Batteuse_-_St-Michel_1.JPG|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|Ebe ngosi nka na-emeghe na Saint-Hubert, Belgium.]] == Ọganihu nke oge a == === Na Europe na Amerịka === [[Usòrò:Agriculture_of_Bangladesh_10.jpg|thumb|Ịchụcha paddy site na igwe, Bangladesh.]] Ọgbara ọhụrụ na-ejikọta ndị na-ewe ihe ubi (ma ọ bụ na-ejikarị) na-arụ ọrụ n'otu ụkpụrụ ahụ ma jiri otu ihe ndị ahụ dị ka igwe na-egwe ihe mbụ e wuru na narị afọ nke 19. Combines na-emekwa ọrụ owuwe ihe ubi n'otu oge ahụ. Aha a ''jikọta'' sitere n'eziokwu ahụ bụ na a jikọtara nzọụkwụ abụọ ahụ n'otu igwe. Ọzọkwa, ọtụtụ ngwakọta nke oge a na-enye onwe ha ike (na-abụkarị site na injin diesel) ma na-akwalite onwe ha, ọ bụ ezie na John Deere na Case International nyere ụdị ngwakọta na-adọta tractor, ụdị ụdị na-adọkpụ n'ime afọ 1990. Taa, dị ka ọ dị na narị afọ nke iri na itoolu, ịkwachasị na-amalite site na cylinder na concave. Cylinder ahụ nwere ogwe osisi dị nkọ, ma na-agbagharị na ọsọ dị elu (ihe dị ka 500 RPM) ka ogwe osisi ahụ wee kụọ osisi ahụ dum ka a na-enye ya site na ngwá ọrụ owuwe ihe ubi dị n'ihu nke njikọta ahụ ruo n'oghere dị n'etiti concave na onye na-agba gburugburu / cylinder. A na-agbaji oghere ahụ iji kwekọọ na oghere nke cylinder, na ọka, nke kewara ugbu a na ogwe osisi na-ada ozugbo site na oghere dị na oghere ahụ ka a na-akụ ya. Mmegharị nke cylinder na-agbagharị na-ebugharị ahịhịa na ahịhịhịa fọdụrụ n'azụ igwe ahụ. Ọ bụ ezie na ihe ka ọtụtụ n'ime ọka ahụ na-ada n'ime oghere ahụ, a na-eburu ahịhịa ahụ n'azụ igwe ahụ, na-ekwe ka ọka ọ bụla na ahịhịhịa ka ọ daa n'okpuru. N'okpuru ndị na-agagharị ahịhịa, onye na-ekpo ọkụ na-ebugharị ikuku gafee ọka ahụ, na-ewepụ uzuzu na obere ihe ọkụkụ a kụrisịrị akụrisị site n'azụ ngwakọta ahụ. Ihe ndị fọdụrụnụ na-ada n'ala ma na-anakọta mgbe ụfọdụ maka ebumnuche ndị ọzọ, dị ka nri anụ. Mkpụrụ ọka ahụ, ma ọ bụ na-abịa site na concave ma ọ bụ ndị na-agagharị agagharị, na-ezute usoro sieves a na-etinye na nzukọ a na-akpọ akpụkpọ ụkwụ, nke a na-ama jijiji. Ogwe elu ahụ nwere oghere buru ibu ma na-ewepụ nnukwu ahịhịa n'ime ọka. Mkpụrụ osisi dị n'okpuru na-ekewa mkpụrụ dị ọcha, nke na-ada, site na iberibe ndị a na-akpụghị n'ụzọ zuru ezu. A na-eweghachi ọka ahụ a na-agbasaghị agbasasị na cylinder site na usoro nke conveyors, ebe usoro ahụ na-emegharị. A na-eji akpa akpa akpa eme ihe ụfọdụ, nke na-ejikarị akpa abụọ eme ihe, otu jupụtara, nke ọzọ na-eji ihe efu dochie ya. Otu onye ọrụ kpọrọ ihe mkpofu wepụrụ ma dochie akpa ndị ahụ, ma dụkọta akpa zuru ezu na agịga na eriri. Ngwunye ndị ọzọ na-egwe ọka ga-ewepụ ọka site na conveyor, maka iji aka na-etinye akpa. Combines nwere tankị ọka, nke na-achịkọta ọka maka itinye ya na gwongworo ma ọ bụ ụgbọ ala. Ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu nke ahịhịa na ahịhịrị ga-agbakọta gburugburu igwe na-egwe ihe, na ọtụtụ ihe ọhụrụ, dị ka ikuku na-ekpo ọkụ, mepụtara iji dozie nke a. Ọ na-ejikọta ma na-agbasa ahịhịa ka ha na-agafe n'ọhịa, ọ bụ ezie na a na-egbochi ịkpụ ahịhịhịa mgbe a ga-agbanye ahịhịrị, a na-ejikwa ndị na-anakọta ahịhụ mee ihe mgbe ụfọdụ iji gbochie mgbasa nke mkpụrụ ahịhụrụ n'ọha niile. Mkpụrụ ọka ahụ fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ otu ihe ahụ, na obere mgbanwe iji dozie oke kernel buru ibu na ọnụnọ nke cobs. Enwere ike ịgbanwe ngwakọta nke oge a iji rụọ ọrụ na ihe ọkụkụ ọ bụla na ọtụtụ ihe ọkụkụ pụrụ iche. Ma igwe ochie ma nke oge a chọrọ mgbalị dị ukwuu iji rụọ ọrụ. A ghaghị ịgbanwe oghere concave, ọsọ cylinder, ọsọ fan, nha sieve, na ọnụego nri maka ọnọdụ ihe ọkụkụ. === Ọganihu ọzọ n'Eshia === [[Usòrò:Petrol_powered_threshing_machine_in_Hainan_-_01.ogv|thumb|Vidio nke igwe na-eji mmanụ ụgbọala eme ihe na-egwe osikapa na Hainan, China]] Site na mmalite narị afọ nke 20, mmanụ ụgbọala ma ọ bụ ígwè ọrụ na-egwe ihe na-eji diesel eme ihe, nke e mere karịsịa maka [[Oskàpà|osikapa]], ihe ọkụkụ kachasị mkpa n'Eshia, emeela ka ọ dị iche iche na njikọta nke oge a. Ọbụna mgbe e mepụtara ngwakọta ahụ ma bụrụ nke a ma ama, a ka na-eji ihe ọhụrụ a na-akpọ ''onye na-ewe ihe ubi'', nke nwere ụkwụ, eme ihe ma ugbu a ọ dị site na onye na-emepụta ugbo na Japan. Ngwaọrụ ahụ dị mkpirikpi dị mfe iji rụọ ọrụ na obere ala n'ebe ugwu ebe nnukwu igwe, dị ka ngwakọta, enweghị ike iji ya mee ihe. Ndị mmadụ nọ ebe ahụ na-eji ihe owuwe ihe ubi a na eriri compact nke oge a. == Nchekwa == Ọtụtụ ígwè ọrụ na-egwe ọka ochie adịgidewo na nchekwa. A na-ahụkarị ha na-arụ ọrụ na mmemme steam na-adị ndụ na nzukọ traction engine dị ka Great Dorset Steam Fair na England, na Western [[Minésótạ|Minnesota]] Steam Threshers Reunion na ugwu ọdịda anyanwụ Minnesota. === Ihe odide egwú === Onye Irish na-ede egwu bụ John Duggan gosipụtara igwe na-egwe ọka n'abụ "The Old Thrashing Mill".<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.bardis.ie/composers.htm#duggan|title=Bardis Music - Composers|accessdate=2008-09-16|archivedate=2008-09-30|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080930234126/http://www.bardis.ie/composers.htm#duggan}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.lyrics.ms/lyrics/foster-allen/the-old-threshing-mill/157788.htm|title=Song lyrics: ''The Old Threshing Mill''|accessdate=2008-09-16|archivedate=2011-07-22|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110722222026/http://www.lyrics.ms/lyrics/foster-allen/the-old-threshing-mill/157788.htm}}</ref> Ọ bụ Foster na Allen na Brendan Shine dekọrọ abụ ahụ. Na nchịkọta Alan Lomax Songs of Seduction (Rounder Select, 2000), e nwere abụ ndị Irish na-adịghị mma a na-akpọ "The Thrashing Machine" nke onye na-akpọ Annie O'Neil bụrụ, dịka edere na mmalite narị afọ nke 20. Na ihe nkiri ya maka Of Mice and Men (1939) na n'ihi ya na nchịkọta ya Music for the Movies (1942), onye America na-ede egwu Aaron Copland kpọrọ akụkụ nke akara ahụ "Threshing Machines," iji kwekọọ na ihe nkiri Lewis Milestone ebe Curley na-eyi Slim egwu maka inye May nwa nkịta, mgbe ọtụtụ n'ime ndị ọrụ na-agagharị agagharị na-eguzo ma ọ bụ na-arụ ọrụ na threshers gburugburu. N'abụ "Thrasher" sitere na abọm Rust Never Sleeps, Neil Young jiri usoro igwe ọka nke oge a nke ịkewa ọka wit na ọka wit na ike okike nke oge nke na-ekewa ezigbo ndị enyi site na ibe ha. Ngwunye na-agbawa agbawa pụtara na vidiyo egwu Twenty One Pilots maka egwu "House of Gold". == Hụkwa == * Ụgbọala dị ndụ * Ọgba aghara Swing * Ịkụchasị * Osikapa osikapa * Ndị na-agba ụta, ndị na-agba ịnyịnya ígwè * Russell &amp;amp; Company (Steam Tractor) - onye America na-emepụta igwe igwe 22,000 == Ebem si dee == [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] mohpjsr3zhn13yn80fa573r8il7htme 0 51265 644181 185768 2026-05-30T18:39:04Z Chigozirim2005 19722 Fixed reference error 644181 wikitext text/x-wiki Shendam bụ ndị ime obodo dị na Plateau State, Naijiria .  Isi ụlọ ọrụ ya dị na Shendam.  Ókè ya bụ Ibi Taraba State n'ebe ndịda, Qua'an Pan n'ebe ndị mụrụ, Pankshin n'ebe ugwu, na Mikang n'ebe ahụ egwuregwu.  Obodo Shendam bụ obodo nke mkparịta ụka na Plateau Steeti, na-esote obodo Jos na Ọ nwere mpaghara 2,477&nbsp;km 2 na ọnụ ọgụgụ mmadụ 208,017 na ngụkọ 2006. Koodu ozi nke mpaghara ahụ bụ 940. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Post Offices- with map of LGA|publisher=NIPOST|url=http://www.nipost.gov.ng/PostCode.aspx|accessdate=2009-10-20|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20091007011423/http://www.nipost.gov.ng/PostCode.aspx|archivedate=2009-10-07}}</ref> A na-agụ Goemai na ọtụtụ nhọrọ Chadic ndị ọzọ na Shendam LGA. == Geography == Shendam LGA nwere nkezi akwụkwọ nke 26 degrees Celsius na mkpokọta 2,477 square kilomita.  Ɔdɔ mmirika Npol na Nroam dị na LGA, nke nwere oke iru mmiri nke 50%.  Ọ ntọala na Shendam LGA bụ Jelbang Rocks a ma ama <ref>{{Cite web|title=Shendam Local Government Area|url=https://www.manpower.com.ng/places/lga/717/shendam#google_vignette|accessdate=2024-08-22|work=www.manpower.com.ng}}</ref> == Ihu igwe == Na Shendam, ụmụ na-adị kwa afọ na oge ọkọchị na-eche isi na oge mmiri na-adịghị mma.  Nkezi afọ na- agbanwe n'etiti 65°F na 100°F;  ọ na- akara ala ma ọ bụ mpaghara 61°F ma ọ bụ 104°F. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Shendam Climate, Weather By Month, Average Temperature (Nigeria) - Weather Spark|url=https://weatherspark.com/y/61842/Average-Weather-in-Shendam-Nigeria-Year-Round|accessdate=2024-08-22|work=weatherspark.com|language=en}}</ref> A na-ekewa ihu igwe Shendam dị ka mmiri na-ekpo ọkụ na nkụ, ma ọ bụ savanna (Aw).  mgbaàmà ahụ na-enweta nke kwa afọ nke 26.98ºC (80.56ºF), nke bụ -2.48% oyi mpaghara nkezi maka Nigeria.  Shendam nwere ụbọchị mmiri 172.44 (47.24% nke oge) yana nkezi 147.71 millimeters (5.82 fim) nke mmiri mmiri kwa afọ. <ref>{{Cite web|date=2024-08-22|title=Weather Forecast Shendam - Nigeria (Plateau) : free 15 day weather forecasts|url=https://www.weathercrave.com/weather-forecast-nigeria/city-512303/weather-forecast-shendam-today|accessdate=2024-08-22|work=Weather Crave|language=en}}</ref> === Nkezi okpomọkụ === Enwere ike dị elu kwa ụbọchị 96°F n'oge oge ọkụ dị ogologo ọnwa 2.5, nke na-amalite site na Jenụwarị 29 ruo 13. Shendam na-enweta mkpụrụ ya kacha elu nke 99°F yana kacha nke 76°F  na Maachị, na-eme ka ọ ụnwanyi kacha ewu n'afọ.  N'ịdị elu kwa ụbọchị na nkezi na- ụmụaka 87 Celsius, oge oyi na-ewe ọnwa 3.9, site na June 20 ruo Ọktọba 18. N'iji nkezi dị 72°F yana elu nke 84°F, Ọgọst bụ ụnwayọ kacha mma.  n'afọ na Shendam. <ref name=":0" /> == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} 1h6d96ldw1fy8bddcmnw4h3ylwy8zxu 0 51275 644214 185782 2026-05-30T19:36:40Z Wikipedian12512(alt) 61413 ce 644214 wikitext text/x-wiki Brass bụ ndị ime obodo [1] na Bayelsa steeti [2] ndị Naijiria.  [3] Isi ụlọ ọrụ dị n'obodo Twon-Brass na Brass Island n'ịkpọ oku mmiri, ọ nwere oke osimiri dị ihe dịka 90. km na Bight nke Bonny .  [4] Ọtụtụ n'ime mpaghara LGA dị n'okpuru Edumanom . Ọ mpaghara 1,404 2 na onu ogugu [5] nke 185,049 na ngụkọ 2006 <ref>{{Cite web|title=census {{!}} Facts, Definition, Methods, & History {{!}} Britannica|url=https://www.britannica.com/science/census|accessdate=2022-03-09|work=www.britannica.com|language=en}}</ref> Koodu ozi nke mpaghara ahụ bụ 562. [7] Ọ bụ obodo iche azụ nke ngalaba Nembe nke ndị Ijo, ọ na-eje ozi ụgbọ mmiri na-ere ohu maka steeti Brass (Nembe) na akpan akpan nke 19. Ọ bụ ndị  "Ahụ" ndị ozi Afrịka [8] na-achị ya, bụ ndị isi aha Europe na-agba ume, [9] ndị isi obodo na-achịkọta ndị ohu (Bras na Nembe) na-eje ozi ụgbọ mmiri agha n'ime ime ime.  - Facebook site na obodo Igbo - jide ndị ohu. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Brass {{!}} Nigeria|url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Brass-Nigeria|accessdate=2021-09-18|work=Encyclopedia Britannica|language=en}}</ref> == Economy nke Brass == Brass nwere nnukwu ego nke isiokwu cru na gas na n'ihi nnukwu akụ na  </link> nwere ike nwe nke ụlọ ọrụ na-egwupụta fim na mba na mba.  Ọrụ nke ụlọ ọrụ ndị a na-egwupụtapụta enyela aka n'abere ntolite na-ahụ nke mpaghara Brass.  A na-akpọkwa ndị Brass dị ka ndị ọrụ ugbo dị ka Ugbo bụkwa akụ na-ahụ dị mkpa na ihe dị ka nkwụ, plantain, na okpete ndị a na-akụrụ na mpaghara Brass.  Ihe omume akụ na nke ọzọ nke Bras na-akwado ibi ndụ bụ azụ na ime ụgbụ azụ, iwu mmiri bụkwa ụlọ ọzọ dị mkpa ụgbọ na ekwuru mpaghara Brass <ref>{{Cite web|title=Brass Local Government Area|url=https://www.manpower.com.ng/places/lga/148/brass|accessdate=2021-09-15|work=www.manpower.com.ng}}</ref> == Ihu igwe == Ihu igwe nke Brass bụ udu mmirika (nhazi: Am).   ahụ ahụ na enweta nke kwa afọ nke 29.05ºC (84.29ºF), nke bụ -0.41% oyi mpaghara nkezi maka Nigeria.   Ihe dị ka milimita 244.95 (9.64 inch) nke mmiri mmiri na ụbọchị mmiri 300.37 (82.29% nke oge) na-enweta kwa afọ na Brass. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Brass, Bayelsa, NG Climate Zone, Monthly Averages, Historical Weather Data|url=https://weatherandclimate.com/nigeria/bayelsa/brass|accessdate=2024-08-08|work=weatherandclimate.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=Brass, Nigeria Weather Conditions {{!}} Weather Underground|url=https://www.wunderground.com/weather/ng/brass|accessdate=2024-08-08|work=www.wunderground.com}}</ref> == Ndị ama ama == * Kingsley Akpososo (amụrụ 1990), onye egwuregwu bọọlụ == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} jdxsflc8a5rccsz08f6b9n9nipk3re3 0 51499 644605 187229 2026-05-31T10:43:15Z ~2026-32314-82 62081 Fixed reference errors 644605 wikitext text/x-wiki  [[File:Tali Gottlieb.jpg|thumb|Tally Gotliv]] '''Revital "Tally" Gotliv''' (amụrụ 3 Novemba 1975 <ref name=":2" /> ) bụ onye ọka iwu na onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Israel. Ugbu a ọ bụ onye otu Knesset maka Likud . <ref name=":1" /> N'ime ọrụ iwu ya, Gotliv rụrụ ọrụ maka onye ọka iwu steeti na mpaghara Tel Aviv ma nọchite anya ndị na-azara ọnụ na mpụ mmekọahụ. Ọ dọtara uche maka nkatọ ọ na-akatọ akaebe onye e dinara n'ike gbara na mgbasa ozi ọha, nke butere mkpesa nke Association of Rape Crisis Centre na Israel gbara ya akwụkwọ, n'agbanyeghị na e mechapụrụ mkpesa ahụ. Ngosipụta Gotliv maka ịbụ onye isi oche nke otu Israel Bar Association na 2016 gosipụtara ya dị ka nwanyị mbụ ga-azọ ọkwa ahụ, n'agbanyeghị na ọ bịara n'ọnọdụ ikpeazụ. Ọ bụkwa onye omeiwu na Channel 13 's ''Shishi'' ruo Mee 2022. Ọrụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Gotliv malitere site na nkwado ya na otu Shavim, nke lekwasịrị anya nha anya maka ndị nne na nna na ndị nwere nkwarụ, mana ọ nwetara naanị 401 votes na ntuli aka 2019. N'ikpeazụ, ọ sonyeere Likud wee họpụta ya na Knesset . N'ịbụ onye a maara maka okwu mkpasu iwe, o meela okwu ndị na-ese okwu na mgbasa ozi mgbasa ozi ma boro ya ebubo na ọ na-agbasa echiche nzuzo. == Akụkọ ndụ == Revital (Tally) Gotliv mụrụ na Bnei Brak <ref name=":2">{{Cite web|title=Knesset Member Tally Gotliv|url=https://main.knesset.gov.il/en/mk/apps/mk/mk-personal-details/1098|accessdate=2024-04-19|work=www.knesset.gov.il}}</ref> <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|date=2022-10-02|title=המועמדים לכנסת ה-25 מטעם הליכוד|url=https://www.mako.co.il/news-israel-elections/election_2022-knesset_25/Article-a0a9d2f8c4c6c61027.htm|accessdate=2022-10-10|work=N12}}</ref> nye Shimon na Rut. Gotliv nwere nzere Masters na Jurisprudence na Mahadum Bar-Ilan . == Ọrụ iwu == Gotliv rụrụ ọrụ maka onye ọka iwu steeti na mpaghara Tel Aviv . Gotliv bụ isi nọchite anya ndị a na-ebo ebubo mpụ mmekọahụ. <ref name="ynet1" /> N'ihe banyere otu nwa agbọghọ dị afọ 16 bụ onye a mara onye na-awakpo ya ikpe maka idina n'ike na omume rụrụ arụ mgbe nwa agbọghọ ahụ dị afọ 14, Gotliv katọrọ nwa agbọghọ ahụ na mgbasa ozi mgbasa ozi ma kpọọ akaebe ya "agbagọ." <ref name="ynet1" /> Association of Rape Crisis Centers na Israel gbara akwụkwọ mkpesa megide Gotliv na kọmitii ụkpụrụ omume nke Association Bar Association Israel. Otú ọ dị, Òtù Na-ahụ Maka Ọkàiwu Israel kpebiri ikpuchi mkpesa ahụ. <ref name="ynet1" /> N'afọ 2012, Gotliv kwụsịrị site na ụlọ ọrụ nyocha maka ndị na-atụ anya ikpe dabere na njirisi nke "ọnọdụ ikpe." <ref>{{Cite news|title=אחרי שלא מונתה לשופטת, ח"כ גוטליב פועלת נגד מינוי יצחק עמית לנשיא העליון|url=https://www.haaretz.co.il/news/politi/2023-01-20/ty-article/.premium/00000185-ca6c-dbd2-afe5-df7c717e0000|accessdate=25 March 2023|publisher=Haaretz|date=20 January 2023}}</ref> Na 2015, Gotliv gbara ọsọ maka onyeisi oche nke Israel Bar Association, na-aghọ nwanyị mbụ na-agba ọsọ maka ụlọ ọrụ. <ref>{{Cite news|date=2015-04-30|title=מועמדת לראשות לשכת עורכי הדין: "הצביעו, ולא רק בגלל פמיניזם"|language=he|work=Ynet|url=https://www.ynet.co.il/articles/0,7340,L-4652381,00.html|accessdate=2022-10-09}}</ref> Ọ bịara na ikpeazụ n'ime anọ ndị a na-azọ ọkwa, <ref name="ynet1">{{Cite news|title="אמרה שאנסתי אותו". קורבנות שעו"ד טלי גוטליב הגנה על תוקפיהן מדברות|url=https://www.ynet.co.il/news/article/hkg2s11rao|accessdate=25 March 2023|publisher=Ynet|date=4 March 2023}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://www.ynet.co.il/news/article/hkg2s11rao ""אמרה שאנסתי אותו". קורבנות שעו"ד טלי גוטליב הגנה על תוקפיהן מדברות"]. Ynet. 4 March 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 March</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> meriri Efi Nave . <ref>{{Cite news|author=חדשות|date=2015-06-17|title=אפי נוה נבחר לראשות לשכת עורכי הדין|url=https://www.ynet.co.il/articles/0,7340,L-4669401,00.html|accessdate=2024-04-20|work=Ynet|language=he}}</ref> Ruo Mee 2022, Gotliv pụtara dị ka onye nnochite anya na Shishi Channel 13 . <ref>{{Cite web|author=|date=2022-01-14|title=האולפן הפתוח עם כנרת בראשי – איך עובד השידור של משפט נתניהו?|url=https://elizipori.co.il/articles/ulpan-220114/|accessdate=2022-10-09|work=elitzipori.co.il|language=he-IL}}</ref> == Ọrụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị == Tupu ntuli aka nke Eprel 2019, Gotliv nyere aka chọta Shavim, otu ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị chọrọ ịkwalite nha anya n'etiti ndị nne na nna na ndị nwere nkwarụ. Enyere ya ọnọdụ nke abụọ na ndepụta ntuli aka nke pati ahụ . Otu ahụ nwetara votu narị anọ na otu. N'oge ntuli aka nke 2022, ọ gbara ọsọ maka otu n'ime ndepụta ntuli aka nke Likud, wee họpụta ya na ntụpọ iri abụọ na ise. <ref>{{Cite web|title=New Likud MK: I ignore decisions by the High Court|url=https://www.jpost.com/israel-news/article-721807|accessdate=2022-11-08|work=The Jerusalem Post {{!}} JPost.com|date=8 November 2022|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=8 out of 65 seats: Who are the women of Israel's newly elected gov't?|url=https://www.jpost.com/israel-elections/article-721288|accessdate=2022-11-08|work=The Jerusalem Post {{!}} JPost.com|date=2 November 2022|language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://www.jpost.com/israel-elections/article-721288 "8 out of 65 seats: Who are the women of Israel's newly elected gov't?"]. ''The Jerusalem Post | JPost.com''. 2 November 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-11-08</span></span>.</cite></ref> == Echiche == Mgbe mwakpo Huwara 2023 gasịrị, Gotliv jụrụ ịkatọ mwakpo ahụ. <ref>{{Cite news|author=Sales|first=Ben|title='Today, I won't condemn': Some Netanyahu allies are declining to decry Sunday's West Bank settler riot|work=JTA|date=2023-02-27|url=https://www.jta.org/2023/02/27/israel/today-i-wont-condemn-some-netanyahu-allies-are-declining-to-decry-sundays-west-bank-settler-riot}}</ref> N'ọnwa Febụwarị 2023, o tinyere tweet na-ebo Onye isi oche Courtlọikpe Kasị Elu ebubo Esther Hayut maka ọrụ maka mwakpo ndị na-eyi ọha egwu mere na mpaghara Ramot nke [[Jerusalem]] ebe egburu mmadụ atọ. N’ihi ya, kọmitii ụkpụrụ omume nke Knesset machibidoro ya ikwu okwu n’oge nnọkọ ọnụ maka nzukọ abụọ na isonye na nzukọ kọmitii maka nnọkọ atọ. <ref>{{Cite news|title=לאחר שהאשימה את נשיאת העליון בפיגוע: ועדת האתיקה הענישה את טלי גוטליב|url=https://www.israelhayom.co.il/news/politics/article/13856117|accessdate=25 March 2023|publisher=Israel Hayom|date=}}</ref> N'oge esemokwu Gaza-Israel nke Ọktoba 2023, Gotliv kpọrọ oku maka iji ngwa agha nuklia Jeriko, nke ọ kpọrọ ya dị ka " ngwaọrụ mbibi ", <ref name="NW101023">{{Cite news|author=Mordowanec|first=Nick|title=Israeli Official Calls for 'Doomsday' Nuclear Missile Option|url=https://www.newsweek.com/israeli-official-calls-doomsday-nuclear-missile-option-1833585|accessdate=4 November 2023|work=Newsweek|date=10 October 2023}}</ref> mechara kwuo "Ọ bụ naanị mgbawa na-ama jijiji Middle East ga-eweghachite. ugwu, ike na nchekwa nke obodo a, oge eruola maka ngwa agha na-agbapụ ngwa ọgụ dị ike na-enweghị oke, na-etipịa ma na-etucha Gaza . <ref name="NW101023" /> == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 25385rrl4m7a8ouu9q8r2u4xljky5sg 0 51526 644003 186847 2026-05-30T13:25:06Z Iwuala chisom 17246 Fixed reference errors 644003 wikitext text/x-wiki Susana Mendes (amụrụ 1987) bụ onye nta akụkọ Angola. Mgbe ọ dị afọ 23, a họpụtara ya onye nchịkọta akụkọ nke Angolense, na-eme ka ọ bụrụ onye nchịkọta akụkọ nwanyị mbụ nke Angola nke akwụkwọ akụkọ kwa izu.[1] Na 2020 ọ sonyeere Vida TV dị ka onye nhazi nchịkọta akụkọ nke ngalaba ozi ha. <ref name="AngoNoticias"/> [[Rafael Marques de Morais|Rafael Marques]] etoola onyinye ya na ọrụ mgbasa ozi Angola:   == Ndụ == A mụrụ Susana Mendes na Benguela nke dị n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ Angola. Ọ gara ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị na Luanda, ma mgbe ọ malitere ọzụzụ na Rádio Nacional Angola nke steeti nwere. Mgbe ọ dị afọ 17, ọ malitere ịrụ ọrụ dị ka onye nta akụkọ na akwụkwọ akụkọ azụmahịa nke dabeere na Luanda Agora. Ọrụ ahụ nyeere ya aka ịkwụ ụgwọ agụmakwụkwọ ya na Universidade Independente de Angola. Mendes wee rụọ ọrụ na A Capital, mgbochi nrụrụ aka nke onwe kwa izu.<ref name="Garrick"/> N'afọ 2005, Americo Gonçalves, onye guzobere Angolense nakwa A Capital, kpọrọ ya ka ọ bụrụ onye nchịkọta akụkọ nke Angolense.<ref name="Garrick">{{Cite web|author=Nosarieme Garrick|title=Angola’s Mendes Urges Making Wife-Beating a Crime|work=Women's E-News|date=25 May 2010|url=https://womensenews.org/2010/05/angolas-mendes-urges-making-wife-beating-crime/|accessdate=28 February 2021}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFNosarieme_Garrick2010">Nosarieme Garrick (25 May 2010). [https://womensenews.org/2010/05/angolas-mendes-urges-making-wife-beating-crime/ "Angola's Mendes Urges Making Wife-Beating a Crime"]. ''Women's E-News''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 February</span> 2021</span>.</cite></ref> N'afọ 2008, Mendes sonyeere ndị inyom ndị ọzọ iji mepụta Forum of Women Journalists for Gender Equality (FMJIG). Ndị otu mepụtara usoro mmemme redio na 2009 iji kwalite atụmatụ iwu na-eme ka Ime ihe ike n'ụlọ bụrụ mpụ.<ref name="Garrick">{{Cite web|author=Nosarieme Garrick|title=Angola’s Mendes Urges Making Wife-Beating a Crime|work=Women's E-News|date=25 May 2010|url=https://womensenews.org/2010/05/angolas-mendes-urges-making-wife-beating-crime/|accessdate=28 February 2021}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFNosarieme_Garrick2010">Nosarieme Garrick (25 May 2010). [https://womensenews.org/2010/05/angolas-mendes-urges-making-wife-beating-crime/ "Angola's Mendes Urges Making Wife-Beating a Crime"]. ''Women's E-News''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 February</span> 2021</span>.</cite></ref> E webatara iwu ahụ na 2010, ọ bụ ezie na iwu ahụ enweghị ntaramahụhụ na nzukọ ahụ emeghị ya.<ref name="James2011">{{Cite book|author=W. Martin James|title=Historical Dictionary of Angola|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4A5NM4IeBXgC&pg=PA166|year=2011|publisher=Scarecrow Press|isbn=978-0-8108-7458-9|chapter=Mendes, Susana (1987–)}}</ref> N'afọ 2009-10 Mendes bụ osote onye isi oche nke Africa Investigative Reporters Forum nke dị na Johannesburg.<ref name="AngoNoticias">{{Cite news|title=Suzana Mendes reforça equipa da Vida TV|work=AngoNoticias|date=7 July 2020|url=https://www.angonoticias.com/Artigos/item/65369/suzana-mendes-reforca-equipa-da-vida-tv|accessdate=28 February 2021}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://www.angonoticias.com/Artigos/item/65369/suzana-mendes-reforca-equipa-da-vida-tv "Suzana Mendes reforça equipa da Vida TV"]. ''AngoNoticias''. 7 July 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 February</span> 2021</span>.</cite></ref> == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 2d44rm1t6i1i263hul79cidd5aqcq95 0 51760 644457 187494 2026-05-31T03:34:00Z Goodymeraj 16207 644457 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|name=Sreerupa Mitra Choudhury|image=|caption=|birth_date={{birth date and age|df=yes|1964|4|18}}<ref name="ET">{{cite news |title=Sreerupa Mitra Chaudhury: Sreerupa Mitra Chaudhury BJP from MALDAHA DAKSHIN in Lok Sabha Elections {{!}} Sreerupa Mitra Chaudhury News, images and videos |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/sreerupa-mitra-chaudhury/candidates/candidateid-7449.cms?from=mdr |access-date=14 July 2019 |work=[[The Economic Times]]}}</ref>|birth_place=|party=[[Bharatiya Janata Party]]<ref name="ET"/>|children=|nationality=[[Indian people|Indian]]|office4=National [[Advisor]] of [[National Legal Services Authority]] of the [[Ministry of Law and Justice (India)]]|term_start=2 May 2021|constituency=[[English Bazar (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|English Bazar]], Malda|term_start4=2008|term_end4=2010|predecessor4=|successor4=|office3=[[President (corporate title)|President]] of [[NGO]] Sudinalay|term_start3=2010|term_end3=2013|office2=[[Chairman]] of [[Special Task Force (India)]] on [[Crimes|Rape, Trafficking & Violence Against Women]]|term_start2=December 2012|term_end2=December 2013|office1=[[Chairperson]] of [[Ministry of Women and Child Development|National Institute for Gender Justice]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.oneindia.com/india/pics-national-institute-for-gender-justice-honours-rani-mukerji-with-national-award-1673635.html|title=National Institute for Gender Justice honours Rani Mukerji with National Award|website=www .oneindia.com|access-date=8 July 2019}}</ref>|office=[[West Bengal Legislative Assembly|Member of West Bengal Legislative Assembly]]|constituency1=|term_start1=2014|term_end1=2016|predecessor1=|residence=South Baluchar, [[Malda, West Bengal]]<ref name="MyNeta"/>|spouse=R.K Mitra|education=[[Post Graduate]]<br/>[[Master of Arts|M.A]], [[University of North Bengal]]<ref name="MyNeta"/>}} Sreerupa Mitra Chaudhury, onye a ma ama dị ka Nirbhaya Didi, bụ onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị India na onye otu Bharatiya Janata Party si West Bengal, India. Ọ bụkwa onye ọrụ na-elekọta mmadụ, onye na-akwado ikike ụmụ nwanyị na onye bụbu onye nta akụkọ.<ref name="a">{{Cite news|author=Akram|first=Maria|title=Beauty queen Ruby loses lustre in poll heat and dust|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/news/beauty-queen-ruby-loses-lustre-in-poll-heat-and-dust/articleshow/32816843.cms|accessdate=17 March 2021|work=The Times of India|date=29 March 2014|language=en}}</ref><ref name="b">{{Cite news|url=http://www.siasat.com/english/news/biswajits-candidature-gives-trinamools-delhi-fight-some-lift|title=Biswajit's candidature gives Trinamool's Delhi fight some lift|work=The Siasat Daily|accessdate=17 March 2021}}</ref> == Ndụ onwe onye == Sreerupa Mitra Chaudhury sitere na South Baluchar Battla na mpaghara Malda nke West Bengal. Ọ bụ onye gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Postgraduate wee mee Masters of Arts na Mahadum North Bengal na 1987. Ọ lụrụ R. K. Mitra. <ref name="MyNeta">{{Cite web|title=Sreerupa Mitra Chaudhury(Bharatiya Janata Party(BJP)):Constituency- MALDAHA DAKSHIN(WEST BENGAL) - Affidavit Information of Candidate|url=http://myneta.info/LokSabha2019/candidate.php?candidate_id=7449|work=myneta.info|accessdate=17 March 2021}}</ref> == Ọrụ == N'afọ 2004, o sonyere na mmalite nke National Legal Literacy Mission.[4] Dị ka nke 2008 ọ jere ozi dị ka onye ndụmọdụ mba nke National Legal Services Authority nke Ministry of Law and Justice.[4] Dị ka nke 2010 ọ bụ onye isi oche nke NGO Sudinalay . <ref>{{Cite news|author=Basu|first=Indrani|title=Mentally unwell woman locked up in dirty room for 3 years rescued|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/delhi/Mentally-unwell-woman-locked-up-in-dirty-room-for-3-years-rescued/articleshow/6576946.cms|accessdate=17 March 2021|work=The Times of India|date=18 September 2010|language=en}}</ref> A maara ya dị ka ''Nirbhaya Didi'' na Kolkata, ọ na-etinye aka na usoro nke imezigharị ndị e dinara n'ike na inye ụmụ nwanyị ụlọ mposi.<ref name="a">{{Cite news|author=Akram|first=Maria|title=Beauty queen Ruby loses lustre in poll heat and dust|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/news/beauty-queen-ruby-loses-lustre-in-poll-heat-and-dust/articleshow/32816843.cms|accessdate=17 March 2021|work=The Times of India|date=29 March 2014|language=en}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFAkram2014">Akram, Maria (29 March 2014). </cite></ref> Ọ bụ onye isi oche nke otu ọrụ pụrụ iche gbasara ndina n'ike, ịzụ ahịa na ime ihe ike megide ụmụ nwanyị nke Praịm Minista Manmohan Singh guzobere mgbe 2012 Delhi ndina n'ime mmadụ. <ref name="a" /> <ref name="c" /><ref>{{Cite news|title=Special court sought to try cases of human trafficking|url=https://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-karnataka/special-court-sought-to-try-cases-of-human-trafficking/article4561183.ece|accessdate=17 March 2021|work=The Hindu|date=29 March 2013|language=en-IN}}</ref> Ọ gbara arụkwaghịm n'ọkwa a n'ọnwa Disemba afọ 2013, n'etiti ịkọ nkọ na ọ gaara agba ọsọ maka ndị omeiwu site na oche Malda dị ka onye na-azọ ọkwa All India Trinamool Congress. <ref name="c">{{Cite web|work=Echo of India|url=http://echoofindia.com/malda-pm-s-nirbhaya-task-force-chairperson-resigns-43913|title=PM's Nirbhaya Task Force Chairperson Resigns|accessdate=17 March 2021|archivedate=13 May 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140513010734/http://echoofindia.com/malda-pm-s-nirbhaya-task-force-chairperson-resigns-43913}}</ref> A kpọrọ Chaudhury aha dị ka onye na-azọ ọkwa nke All India Trinamool Congress nwetara vootu 803 na oche South Delhi Lok Sabha na Ntuli aka nke afọ 2014. <ref name="a">{{Cite news|author=Akram|first=Maria|title=Beauty queen Ruby loses lustre in poll heat and dust|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/news/beauty-queen-ruby-loses-lustre-in-poll-heat-and-dust/articleshow/32816843.cms|accessdate=17 March 2021|work=The Times of India|date=29 March 2014|language=en}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFAkram2014">Akram, Maria (29 March 2014). </cite></ref><ref name="b">{{Cite news|url=http://www.siasat.com/english/news/biswajits-candidature-gives-trinamools-delhi-fight-some-lift|title=Biswajit's candidature gives Trinamool's Delhi fight some lift|work=The Siasat Daily|accessdate=17 March 2021}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[http://www.siasat.com/english/news/biswajits-candidature-gives-trinamools-delhi-fight-some-lift "Biswajit's candidature gives Trinamool's Delhi fight some lift"]. </cite></ref> Na ntuli aka Lok Sabha, o sonyere na Maldaha Dakshin na tiketi Bharatiya Janata Party. <ref name="MyNeta" /> Mana Abu Hasem Khan Choudhury meriri ya site na obere ohere.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Maldaha Dakshin Election Result 2019: Congress MP Abu Hasem defeats BJP, attains fourth term in Lok Sabha|url=https://www.timesnownews.com/elections/article/maldaha-dakshin-wb-election-2019-maldaha-dakshin-election-results-candidates-voter-population-polling-percentage/407640|accessdate=13 April 2021|work=Times Now|date=24 May 2019|language=en}}</ref> Na ntuli aka nke 2021 West Bengal Legislative Assembly, Chaudhury sonyere dị ka onye Bharatiya Janata Party si English Bazar wee merie oche ahụ site na imeri onye mmeri ya kacha nso site na TMC.<ref>{{Cite news|title=BJP candidate selection Anger elation in three districts|url=https://www.thestatesman.com/bengal/bjp-candidate-selection-anger-elation-three-districts-1502958238.html|accessdate=13 April 2021|work=The Statesman|date=19 March 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|author=De Sarkar|first=Soumya|title=Bengal Elections 2021: BJP frowns at Englishbazar|url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/west-bengal/west-bengal-assembly-elections-2021-bjp-frowns-at-englishbazar/cid/1812207|accessdate=13 April 2021|work=The Telegraph|date=11 April 2021}}</ref> == Ebem si dee == [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 3z4ooa2i3wwcqss05uosbe54whr21hh 644459 644457 2026-05-31T03:36:34Z Goodymeraj 16207 644459 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|name=Sreerupa Mitra Choudhury|image=|caption=|birth_date={{birth date and age|df=yes|1964|4|18}}<ref name="ET">{{cite news |title=Sreerupa Mitra Chaudhury: Sreerupa Mitra Chaudhury BJP from MALDAHA DAKSHIN in Lok Sabha Elections {{!}} Sreerupa Mitra Chaudhury News, images and videos |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/sreerupa-mitra-chaudhury/candidates/candidateid-7449.cms?from=mdr |access-date=14 July 2019 |work=[[The Economic Times]]}}</ref>|birth_place=|party=[[Bharatiya Janata Party]]<ref name="ET"/>|children=|nationality=[[Indian people|Indian]]|office4=National [[Advisor]] of [[National Legal Services Authority]] of the [[Ministry of Law and Justice (India)]]|term_start=2 May 2021|constituency=[[English Bazar (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|English Bazar]], Malda|term_start4=2008|term_end4=2010|predecessor4=|successor4=|office3=[[President (corporate title)|President]] of [[NGO]] Sudinalay|term_start3=2010|term_end3=2013|office2=[[Chairman]] of [[Special Task Force (India)]] on [[Crimes|Rape, Trafficking & Violence Against Women]]|term_start2=December 2012|term_end2=December 2013|office1=[[Chairperson]] of [[Ministry of Women and Child Development|National Institute for Gender Justice]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.oneindia.com/india/pics-national-institute-for-gender-justice-honours-rani-mukerji-with-national-award-1673635.html|title=National Institute for Gender Justice honours Rani Mukerji with National Award|website=www .oneindia.com|access-date=8 July 2019}}</ref>|office=[[West Bengal Legislative Assembly|Member of West Bengal Legislative Assembly]]|constituency1=|term_start1=2014|term_end1=2016|predecessor1=|residence=South Baluchar, [[Malda, West Bengal]]<ref name="MyNeta"/>|spouse=R.K Mitra|education=[[Post Graduate]]<br/>[[Master of Arts|M.A]], [[University of North Bengal]]<ref name="MyNeta"/>}} Sreerupa Mitra Chaudhury, onye a ma ama dị ka Nirbhaya Didi, bụ onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị India na onye otu Bharatiya Janata Party si West Bengal, India. Ọ bụkwa onye ọrụ na-elekọta mmadụ, onye na-akwado ikike ụmụ nwanyị na onye bụbu onye nta akụkọ.<ref name="a">{{Cite news|author=Akram|first=Maria|title=Beauty queen Ruby loses lustre in poll heat and dust|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/news/beauty-queen-ruby-loses-lustre-in-poll-heat-and-dust/articleshow/32816843.cms|accessdate=17 March 2021|work=The Times of India|date=29 March 2014|language=en}}</ref><ref name="b">{{Cite news|url=http://www.siasat.com/english/news/biswajits-candidature-gives-trinamools-delhi-fight-some-lift|title=Biswajit's candidature gives Trinamool's Delhi fight some lift|work=The Siasat Daily|accessdate=17 March 2021}}</ref> == Ndụ onwe onye == Sreerupa Mitra Chaudhury sitere na South Baluchar Battla na mpaghara Malda nke West Bengal. Ọ bụ onye gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Postgraduate wee mee Masters of Arts na Mahadum North Bengal na 1987. Ọ lụrụ R. K. Mitra. <ref name="MyNeta">{{Cite web|title=Sreerupa Mitra Chaudhury(Bharatiya Janata Party(BJP)):Constituency- MALDAHA DAKSHIN(WEST BENGAL) - Affidavit Information of Candidate|url=http://myneta.info/LokSabha2019/candidate.php?candidate_id=7449|work=myneta.info|accessdate=17 March 2021}}</ref> == Ọrụ == N'afọ 2004, o sonyere na mmalite nke National Legal Literacy Mission.[4] Dị ka nke 2008 ọ jere ozi dị ka onye ndụmọdụ mba nke National Legal Services Authority nke Ministry of Law and Justice.[4] Dị ka nke 2010 ọ bụ onye isi oche nke NGO Sudinalay . <ref>{{Cite news|author=Basu|first=Indrani|title=Mentally unwell woman locked up in dirty room for 3 years rescued|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/delhi/Mentally-unwell-woman-locked-up-in-dirty-room-for-3-years-rescued/articleshow/6576946.cms|accessdate=17 March 2021|work=The Times of India|date=18 September 2010|language=en}}</ref> A maara ya dị ka ''Nirbhaya Didi'' na Kolkata, ọ na-etinye aka na usoro nke imezigharị ndị e dinara n'ike na inye ụmụ nwanyị ụlọ mposi.<ref name="a" /> Ọ bụ onye isi oche nke otu ọrụ pụrụ iche gbasara ndina n'ike, ịzụ ahịa na ime ihe ike megide ụmụ nwanyị nke Praịm Minista Manmohan Singh guzobere mgbe 2012 Delhi ndina n'ime mmadụ. <ref name="a" /> <ref name="c" /><ref>{{Cite news|title=Special court sought to try cases of human trafficking|url=https://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-karnataka/special-court-sought-to-try-cases-of-human-trafficking/article4561183.ece|accessdate=17 March 2021|work=The Hindu|date=29 March 2013|language=en-IN}}</ref> Ọ gbara arụkwaghịm n'ọkwa a n'ọnwa Disemba afọ 2013, n'etiti ịkọ nkọ na ọ gaara agba ọsọ maka ndị omeiwu site na oche Malda dị ka onye na-azọ ọkwa All India Trinamool Congress. <ref name="c">{{Cite web|work=Echo of India|url=http://echoofindia.com/malda-pm-s-nirbhaya-task-force-chairperson-resigns-43913|title=PM's Nirbhaya Task Force Chairperson Resigns|accessdate=17 March 2021|archivedate=13 May 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140513010734/http://echoofindia.com/malda-pm-s-nirbhaya-task-force-chairperson-resigns-43913}}</ref> A kpọrọ Chaudhury aha dị ka onye na-azọ ọkwa nke All India Trinamool Congress nwetara vootu 803 na oche South Delhi Lok Sabha na Ntuli aka nke afọ 2014. <ref name="a" /><ref name="b" /> Na ntuli aka Lok Sabha, o sonyere na Maldaha Dakshin na tiketi Bharatiya Janata Party. <ref name="MyNeta" /> Mana Abu Hasem Khan Choudhury meriri ya site na obere ohere.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Maldaha Dakshin Election Result 2019: Congress MP Abu Hasem defeats BJP, attains fourth term in Lok Sabha|url=https://www.timesnownews.com/elections/article/maldaha-dakshin-wb-election-2019-maldaha-dakshin-election-results-candidates-voter-population-polling-percentage/407640|accessdate=13 April 2021|work=Times Now|date=24 May 2019|language=en}}</ref> Na ntuli aka nke 2021 West Bengal Legislative Assembly, Chaudhury sonyere dị ka onye Bharatiya Janata Party si English Bazar wee merie oche ahụ site na imeri onye mmeri ya kacha nso site na TMC.<ref>{{Cite news|title=BJP candidate selection Anger elation in three districts|url=https://www.thestatesman.com/bengal/bjp-candidate-selection-anger-elation-three-districts-1502958238.html|accessdate=13 April 2021|work=The Statesman|date=19 March 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|author=De Sarkar|first=Soumya|title=Bengal Elections 2021: BJP frowns at Englishbazar|url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/west-bengal/west-bengal-assembly-elections-2021-bjp-frowns-at-englishbazar/cid/1812207|accessdate=13 April 2021|work=The Telegraph|date=11 April 2021}}</ref> == Ebemsidee == [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] ftva7neevmvhdcari5053halfam5i18 0 51850 644095 187634 2026-05-30T15:50:20Z Neme244 16387 added DEFAULTSORT 644095 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Emmanuel Oludaisi Adekunle''' bụ bishọp Anglịkan na Naịjirịa.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Emmanuel Adekunle|url=https://www.linkedin.com/in/rt-rev-e-oludaisi-adekunle-03b95b54/?originalSubdomain=ng|language=en}}</ref> ọ bụ Bishọp Egba ugbu a.<ref name="anglicancommunion">{{cite web|url=https://www.anglicancommunion.org/structures/member-churches/member-church/diocese.aspx?church=nigeria&dio=egba|author=Anglican Communion Office|title=Diocese - Nigeria - Egba|website=anglicancommunion.org|accessdate=2020-12-04|language=en}}</ref> A mụrụ Adekunle na [[Abeokuta]] na 29 Maachị 1962. Ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ na Abeokuta Grammar School, Federal Polytechnic Ilaro na Emmanuel College of Theology and Christian Education, [[Ibadan]]. Ọ bụbu onye nkuzi na injinia, e chiri ya n’afọ 1993. Ọ ghọrọ Canon na 1999 na archdeacon na 2001. N’afọ 2006, a họpụtara ya Provost nke Katidral St. Peter, Abeokuta. Edoro ya nsọ na Sọnde, 23 Ọgọst, 2009 na Katidral Church of St. Jude, [[Ebute Metta]], Lagos.<ref>{{Cite web|title=The Rt Revd Emmanuel Adekunle on World Anglican Clerical Directory|url=https://www.worldanglican.com/nigeria/ile-oluji/the-church-of-nigeria-anglican-communion/the-rt-revd-emmanuel-adekunle|access-date=2021-03-10|website=World Anglican Clerical Directory|language=en}}</ref> ==Ihe edeturu== {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Adekunle, Emmanuel}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 6oyvxai0cfifz6k0tvbum0zu1fojcdt 0 52026 644054 188024 2026-05-30T14:37:20Z Mirah50 16972 Fixed reference errors 644054 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|name=Mamadou Tangara|image=Mamadou Tangara - 2023 (cropped).jpg|image_size=|office=[[Minister of Foreign Affairs (The Gambia)|Minister of Foreign Affairs]]|term_start=29 June 2018|term_end=|president=[[Adama Barrow]]|predecessor=[[Ousainou Darboe]]|successor=|term_start1=23 August 2012|term_end1=2 November 2012|president1=[[Yahya Jammeh]]|predecessor1=[[Mambury Njie]]|successor1=[[Susan Waffa-Ogoo]]|term_start2=June 2010|term_end2=16 April 2012|president2=Yahya Jammeh|predecessor2=[[Ousman Jammeh]]|successor2=Mambury Njie|office3=Permanent Representative of the Gambia to the [[United Nations]]|term_start3=3 May 2017|term_end3=29 June 2018|president3=Adama Barrow|predecessor3=|successor3=|term_start4=13 September 2013|term_end4=16 December 2016|president4=Yahya Jammeh|predecessor4=|successor4=Samsudeen Sarr <small>(acting)</small>|birth_date={{Birth date and age|1965|06|04|df=y}}|birth_place=[[Banjul]], [[The Gambia]]|party=|alma_mater=[[University of Limoges]]<br>[[UCLouvain]]}} '''Mamadou Tangara''' (amụrụ na 4 June 1965) <ref name=":1">{{Cite news|url=https://www.un.org/press/en/2017/bio4961.doc.htm|title=New Permanent Representative of Gambia Presents Credentials|date=3 May 2017|work=UN News|accessdate=10 July 2018}}</ref> bụ onye nnọchi anya mba Gambian na onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị onye jerela ozi dị ka onye minista na-ahụ maka mba ofesi kemgbe 2018, na-arụbu ọrụ na 2012 na site na 2010 – 2012. Tangara rụkwara ọrụ dị ka onye nnọchi anya Gambian na-adịgide adịgide na United Nations site na 2017–2018 yana site na 2013–2016. == Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ == A mụrụ Tangara na Banjul n'afọ 1965. Ọ gụchara nzere masters abụọ, na Mahadum Limoges dị na France na Mahadum Louvain (UCLouvain) na Belgium. Ọ gara n'ihu gụchaa PhD na Social Sciences na mahadum Limoges kwa.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|url=https://www.un.int/gambia/fr/staff/mamadou-tangara|title=Mamadou Tangara|date=13 September 2013|work=Permanent Mission of the Republic of The Gambia to the United Nations|accessdate=10 July 2018}}</ref> == Ọrụ mmalite == Tangara bụ onye nchịkọta akụkọ La Lune, akwụkwọ akụkọ e bipụtara n'asụsụ French maka ndị mmụta French. Site na 2002, ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye nkuzi na Mahadum Gambia, wee bụrụ onyeisi oche na onyeisi oche nke Council Governing Council. <ref name=":0" /> == Ọrụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị == Site na 2008 ruo 2010, ọ bụ onye nhazi nke National Authorizing Office Support Unit maka mmemme na ọrụ EU na Gambia. Ọ ghọrọ onye ndụmọdụ nke onye isi ala Yahya Jammeh gbasara UNESCO. Jammeh họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ onye minista na-ahụ maka mba ofesi na June 2010. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ ahụ ruo Eprel 2012, mgbe a họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ onye minista na-ahụ maka ịkụ azụ, akụ mmiri na ihe gbasara ọgbakọ ọgbakọ. N'ihi ya, a họpụtara ya ọzọ dị ka Minista nke Mba Ọzọ na August 2012, na-ejide ya ruo November mgbe a họpụtara ya dị ka Minister nke Higher Education, Research, Science and Technology, nke ọ jere ozi ruo 2013. Na 2013, Tangara a họpụtara dị ka Gambian Permanent. Onye nnọchi anya United Nations. O wepụtara nzere ya n'aka odeakwụkwọ ukwu Ban Ki-moon na 13 Septemba 2013.<ref name=":0" /> Na Disemba 2016, n'oge ọgba aghara n'usoro iwu Gambian 2016-17, Tangara so na ọtụtụ ndị nnọchi anya Gambian kpọrọ oku ka Jammeh rituo n'udo. Na 20 Disemba 2016, Gambia Echo kọrọ na Jammeh chụrụ Tangara n'ọrụ ma were lieutenant colonel Samsudeen Sarr dochie ya dị ka chargé d'affaires.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://thegambiaecho.com/yaya-jammeh-sacks-un-ambassador-dr-tangara-appoints-sam-sarr-charge-daffaires/|title=Yaya Jammeh Sacks UN Ambassador, Dr. Tangara, Appoints Sam Sarr Chargé D'Affaires|date=20 December 2016|work=The Gambia Echo|accessdate=10 July 2018}}</ref> A họpụtara Tangara ọzọ na ọrụ ahụ na 3 Mee 2017 site n'aka Adama Barrow. <ref name=":1" /> N'ime mgbanwe nke kansụl, nke malitere na 29 June 2018, Barrow họpụtara Tangara dị ka Minista nke Mmekọrịta Mba Ọzọ, na-anọchi Ousainou Darboe onye e mere Osote Onye isi ala.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://foroyaa.gm/president-adama-barrow-reshuffles-cabinet/|title=President Adama Barrow Reshuffles Cabinet|date=2 July 2018|work=Foroyaa|accessdate=10 July 2018}}</ref> == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}}{{Barrow Cabinet}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Tangara, Mamadou}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] jrgj70vr3e3ikfyq697q6jfe9aeuq6j 0 52069 644045 188123 2026-05-30T14:21:00Z Chiziqa 13055 Fixed reference error 644045 wikitext text/x-wiki   Uma Saren (amụrụ 9 Mee 1984) bụ onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị India nke bụbu onye otu Lok Sabha maka Jhargram kemgbe 2014. Ọ bụ onye Trinamool Congress. Onye na-ahụ maka ahụike site na ọrụ, ọ bụ onye mbụ na-asụ asụsụ Santali na Inter-Parliamentary Union. == Oge ọ malitere == A mụrụ Saren na 9 Mee 1984. Nna ya na-arụ ọrụ na Indian Railways dị ka ndị ọrụ Group D. Ọ natara M.B.B.S. nzere site na Nil Ratan Sircar Medical College and Hospital na 2012. O so na obodo Santhal.<ref name="ET">{{Cite news|title=32 newly elected under-35 MPs & what they intend to do for their constituencies|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/32-newly-elected-under-35-mps-what-they-intend-to-do-for-their-constituencies/articleshow/35569860.cms|work=[[The Economic Times]]|accessdate=14 March 2019|date=25 May 2014|author=Seetharaman|first=G.}}</ref><ref name="TMC" /> == Ọrụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị == N'afọ 2012, Saren sonyeere ''Junglemahal Bhoomiputra na Kanya Medical Association'' nke ebumnuche ya bụ inye ndị agbụrụ dị n'ókè Bengal-Jharkhand ụlọ ọgwụ na mpaghara ndị dịpụrụ adịpụ.<ref>{{Cite web|title='অচেনা' উমার টিকিট তৃণমূলে, হিসাব মেলাতে ধন্দে ঝাড়গ্রাম|url=https://eisamay.indiatimes.com/election-news/uma-gets-ticket-for-tmc/articleshow/31656829.cms|accessdate=14 March 2019|language=bn|date=8 March 2014}}</ref> Na 5 Mee 2014, otu Trinamool Congress mara ọkwa na Saren ga-azọ ọkwa na ntuli aka na-abịanụ site na Mpaghara Jhargram. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Trinamool Congress list of candidates for Lok Sabha polls|url=https://zeenews.india.com/news/west-bengal/trinamool-congress-list-of-candidates-for-lok-sabha-polls_915974.html|publisher=[[Zee News]]|accessdate=14 March 2019|date=5 March 2014}}</ref> Ọ lụsoro onye ndọrọndọrọ ọchịchị Kọmunist nke India (Marxist) Pulin Bihari Baske ọgụ.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Campaigning ends for penultimate round of Lok Sabha polls 2014|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/elections/highlights/story/poll-campaign-ends-lok-sabha-polls-2014-assembly-polls-elections-2014-191692-2014-05-05|work=[[India Today]]|accessdate=14 March 2019|date=5 May 2014}}</ref> N'ọnwa Mee, a họpụtara ya na Lok Sabha ma merie Baske site na votu 3,50,756. Ọ ghọrọ nwanyị mbụ Santhal MP nke India. <ref name="TMC">{{Cite web|title=If elected, Uma Soren would be the first woman Santhal MP of India|url=http://aitcofficial.org/aitc/if-elected-uma-soren-would-be-the-first-woman-santhal-mp-of-india-2/|publisher=Trinamool Congress|accessdate=14 March 2019|date=5 May 2014}}</ref><ref name="IE">{{Cite web|author=Das|first=Madhuparna|title=West Bengal's biggest winner put under party's leash|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/politics/west-bengals-biggest-winner-put-under-partys-leash/|work=[[The Indian Express]]|accessdate=14 March 2019|date=23 May 2014}}</ref> O nwetakwara mmeri kachasị elu na steeti ya.<ref name="IE" />N'afọ 2014, ọ bụ onye otu kọmitii abụọ na-anọgide na-arụ ọrụ: Kọmitii Na-anọgide Na-arụ ọrụ na Chemicals and Fertilizers na Kọmitii Ntụziaka na Ministry of Tribal Affairs . <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.oneindia.com/politicians/uma-saren-36915.html|title=Uma Saren: Age, Biography, Education, Wife, Caste, Net Worth & More - Oneindia}}</ref> N'ọnwa Eprel 2017, Saren jiri ₹16.39 crore (US $ 2.0 site na ego MPLADS ya zụta ndị na-akwado elu ụlọ, oriọna LED na ihe na-eme ka mmiri jụọ oyi maka ụlọ akwụkwọ 3,000 na steeti ahụ. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Mamata Banerjee's man takes Amma route, doles out freebies in Maoist land|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/states/story/20170501-west-bengal-mamata-banerjee-trinamool-congress-maoist-land-doles-986248-2017-04-25|work=[[India Today]]|accessdate=14 March 2019|date=1 May 2017}}</ref> Na 28 Mee 2018, Saren ghọrọ onye mbụ na-ekwu okwu n'Asụsụ Santali na Inter-Parliamentary Union. <ref name="HT" /> Ọ kwuru banyere ọtụtụ nsogbu agbụrụ dị iche iche na India na-eche ihu. Ọ bụkwa naanị nwanyị nọ na ndị nnọchi anya India nke nwere ndị otu asaa. <ref name="HT">{{Cite web|title=Santhali to ring out at Inter Parliamentary Union in Geneva|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/kolkata/santhali-to-ring-out-at-inter-parliamentary-union-in-geneva-for-the-first-time/story-nYmID5c5jUzSqUauqAknUP.html|work=[[Hindustan Times]]|accessdate=14 March 2019|date=23 March 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=Mahato|first=Sukumar|title=Santhal MP brings tribal issues in Geneva focus|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kolkata/santhal-mp-brings-tribal-issues-in-geneva-focus/articleshow/63495262.cms|work=[[The Times of India]]|accessdate=14 March 2019|date=28 May 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=Bhattacharya|first=Snignendhu|title=Santhali becomes India's first tribal language to get own Wikipedia edition|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/santhali-becomes-india-s-first-tribal-language-to-get-own-wikipedia-edition/story-fUP5LRZI0lEBlVGNCjW5cK.html|work=[[Hindustan Times]]|accessdate=14 March 2019|date=9 August 2018}}</ref> N'abalị iri na abụọ n'ọnwa Machị afọ 2019, pati ahụ kwupụtara na ha akpọghachighị Saren maka ntuli aka ọzọ.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Trinamul MPs who were not renominated|url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/west-bengal/trinamul-mps-who-were-not-renominated/cid/1686728|work=[[The Telegraph (Calcutta)|The Telegraph]]|accessdate=14 March 2019|date=12 March 2019}}</ref> Partymen kwuru na o jighị ego MPLADS mee ihe.<ref>{{Cite web|title=শেষ সময়ে প্রকল্প জমা দেন উমা|url=https://www.anandabazar.com/district/midnapore/lok-sabha-election-2019-allegation-of-misuse-of-mp-fund-by-uma-soren-1.965594|work=[[Anandabazar Patrika]]|accessdate=14 March 2019|language=bn|date=13 March 2019}}</ref> == Ihe odide == [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] eycoobyonxsxloyymikjh2kfulihkr3 0 52089 644281 621595 2026-05-30T20:18:17Z Wikipedian12512(alt) 61413 ce 644281 wikitext text/x-wiki David George Vaisey CBE (amụrụ 15 Maachị 1935) bụ onye ọdee akwụkwọ Britain bụ onye na-agụ akwụkwọ Bodley (onye isi ụlọ akwụkwọ Bodleian na Mahadum Oxford) site na 1986 ruo 1996. == Ndụ == Vaisey gụrụ akwụkwọ na Rendcomb College na Gloucestershire na Exeter College, Oxford, ebe ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ akụkọ Modern History, gụsịrị akwụkwọ na 1959, na-esote ntozu dị ka onye na-edebe akwụkwọ akụkọ na Bodleian Library na 1960.[1] [2] Mgbe ọ na-arụ ọrụ mba ya, enyere ya ọrụ ka ọ bụrụ onye nnọchi anya nke abụọ na Gloucestershire Regiment na 23 Eprel 1955, [3] wee bufee ya na Territorial Army na 21 Septemba 1956, wee kwalite ya ịbụ onye nnọchi anya na 28 Disemba 1956.[5] ] Mba onye bụ onye mbata ya jikwa egbe egbe Eze Afrịka jee ozi.[1] Mgbe ọ rụsịrị ọrụ dị ka onye enyemaka nchekwa maka Staffordshire County Council n'etiti 1960 na 1963, ọ sonyeere ọbá akwụkwọ Bodleian na Oxford na 1963, na mbụ dị ka onye enyemaka onye ọdee akwụkwọ tupu ọ bụrụ onye enyemaka onye ọka iwu, wee bụrụ onye na-edebe ihe odide Western na Bodleian na 1975; ọ ghọkwara onye otu ụlọ akwụkwọ Exeter College na 1975. Ọ bụkwa osote onye na-elekọta ụlọ akwụkwọ ndekọ aha Mahadum Oxford n'etiti 1966 na 1975. A họpụtara ya onye ọdee akwụkwọ Bodley na 1986, nọchiri John Jolliffe bụ onye nwụrụ n'afọ gara aga. Ọ lara ezumike nká na Bodleian na 1996, jiri aha Bodley's Librarian Emeritus, [1] wee bụrụ onye ọchịagha nke Order nke Alaeze Ukwu Britain (CBE) na nsọpụrụ ụbọchị ọmụmụ Queen.[6]. N'agbata 1995 na 2000, ọ bụ onye na-echekwa ihe ndekọ nke mahadum. <ref name="Who"/> Ọnọdụ ndị ọzọ o nwere gụnyere prọfesọ nleta na Library Studies na Mahadum California Los Angeles (1985), onye otu Royal Commission on Historical Manuscripts (1986 ruo 1998 ), na Onye isi oche nke Society of Archivists site na 1999 ruo 2002. E mere ya onye nsọpụrụ nke Kellogg College, Oxford na 1996, ọ bụkwa onye otu Society of Antiquaries na Royal Historical Society. Ọkọ akụkọ ihe mere eme nwere mmasị pụrụ iche n'iji ihe ndị dị n'ógbè ahụ eme ihe, akwụkwọ ya gụnyere Staffordshire na The Great Rebellion (1964, jikọtara ọnụ), Victorian na Edwardian Oxford site na foto ochie (1971, jikọtara ọnụ, The Diary of Thomas Turner 1754-65 (1984) na isiokwu dị iche iche nke akwụkwọ akụkọ.<ref name="Who">{{Cite web|title=Vaisey, David George|work=[[Who's Who|Who's Who 2010]]|publisher=[[Oxford University Press]]|date=Nov 2009|url=http://www.ukwhoswho.com/view/article/oupww/whoswho/U40919|accessdate=4 January 2010}}</ref><ref name="OULS">{{Cite web|url=http://www.ouls.ox.ac.uk/about/librarian/librarians/vaisey|date=14 January 2008|title=David George Vaisey|publisher=[[Oxford University Library Services]]|accessdate=4 January 2010|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090205054108/http://www.ouls.ox.ac.uk/about/librarian/librarians/vaisey|archivedate=5 February 2009}}</ref> == Ihe odide == {{DEFAULTSORT:Vaisey, David}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 06yas2p1qzex3hxfarthnz916i7f4wh 0 52157 644037 368597 2026-05-30T14:09:33Z Chiziqa 13055 Fixed reference error 644037 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Ben Ulenga profile.jpeg|thumb|Ben Ulenga]] '''Benjamin Ulenga''' (born '''Benjamin Uulenga Uulenga''' on June 22, 1952)bụ onye otu azụmaahịa Namibia, onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na onye nnọchi anya mba ụwa. N'afọ ndị 1990, ọ jere ozi n'okpuru ọchịchị SWAPO dị ka osote onye ozi na dịka onye nnọchiteanya, ma ọ hapụrụ SWAPO na 1998 wee guzobe otu mmegide, Congress of Democrats (CoD), na 1999. Ọ bụ onye nnọchiteanya nke National Assembly. nke Namibia site na 2000 ruo 2015 wee duru CoD ruo 2015. == Ndụ na ọrụ == Ulenga, onye amụrụ na [[Ontanga]], Oshana Region, keere òkè dị mkpa n'ọgụ nnwere onwe nke Namibia megide ọchịchị ịkpa ókè agbụrụ nke [[South Africa]]. <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.observer.com.na/index.php/national/item/5289-ulenga-set-for-shock-swapo-return|title=Ulenga set for shock Swapo return - Windhoek Observer|author=Angula|first=Sonja|accessdate=2018-01-02|language=en-gb}}</ref>Ọ sonyeere ndị agha nnwere onwe nke Namibia na 1974 mana e mechara jide ya mgbe ọ merụrụ ahụ n'ọgụ wee tụọ ya mkpọrọ afọ 15, nke ọ nọrọ na Robben Island.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.sahistory.org.za/people/benjamin-ulenga|title=Benjamin Ulenga|author=Nolundi|date=2015-09-18|work=South African History Online|accessdate=2018-01-02}}</ref> A tọhapụrụ ya n'afọ 1985.<ref name="CV"> N'oge ahụ, ọ zutere Rosa Namises. Ha mụrụ ụmụ abụọ tupu ha kewaa na 1988. <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.sahistory.org.za/people/benjamin-ulenga|title=Benjamin Ulenga|last=Nolundi|date=2015-09-18|work=South African History Online|access-date=2018-01-02}}</ref><ref name="Überblick">{{Cite journal|title=Namibia: Rosa Namises kämpft für Gerechtigkeit|author=von Wietersheim|first=Erika|journal=[[Der Überblick]]|issue=1|year=2001|url=http://www.der-ueberblick.de/ueberblick.archiv/one.ueberblick.article/ueberblick0a8c.html?entry=page.200101.085}}</ref> Ulenga guzobere Òtù Ndị Ọrụ Na-egwupụta Ihe n'Ime nke Namibia n'afọ 1986. <ref>{{Cite news|title=NUNW: Proud history, uncertain future|work=[[New Era (Namibia)|New Era]]|date=30 April 2019|url=https://neweralive.na/posts/nunw-proud-history-uncertain-future}}</ref> Ozugbo tupu nnwere onwe, ọ bụ onye otu SWAPO nke Constituent Assembly, nke dị site na Nọvemba 1989 ruo Machị 1990. <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20030820180107/http://www.parliament.gov.na/ims/pub/getindivs.asp?e=65&en=Constituent+Assembly+of+Namibia+November+1989+-+March+1990 List of members of the Constituent Assembly], parliament.gov.na.</ref> Mgbe nnwere onwe gasịrị, ọ bụ onye otu SWAPO nke National Assembly site na 1990 ruo 1996, ọ bụkwa osote Minista nke Anụ Ọhịa, Nchekwa na Njem site na 1991 ruo 1995 tupu ọ bụrụ osote Minisita nke Gọọmentị Na Gọọmentụ Na Ụlọ na 1995.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.nid.org.na/images/pdf/democracy/Spot_the_Difference_web.pdf|title=Spot the difference: Congress of Democrats|work=www.nid.org.na/}}</ref>E mechara họpụta ya ka ọ bụrụ onye isi kọmishọna Namibia na United Kingdom, mana n’August 1998 ọ gbara arụkwaghịm n’ọkwa ahụ iji mee mkpesa maka atụmatụ imezigharị usoro iwu ka onyeisiala Sam Nujoma nwee ike ịzọ ọkwa nke atọ; na mgbakwunye, o gosipụtara enweghị afọ ojuju maka ọnụnọ ndị agha Namibia na Democratic Republic of Congo n'oge agha obodo nke mba ahụ. O kwuru na mbụ na ya ga-anọgide na-abụ onye SWAPO, mana o mechara hapụ SWAPO wee guzobe ndị mmegide Congress of Democrats (CoD) na Machị 1999.<ref>"Namibia: Official quits over proposed Nujoma third term, country's role in Congo", SAPA news agency, August 28, 1998.</ref> Ọ bụ onye CoD na-azọ ọkwa onye isi ala na 1999, na-anọ nke abụọ n'azụ Nujoma ma na-enweta 10.5% nke votu. <ref>''Political Parties of the World'' (6th edition, 2005), ed. Bogdan Szajkowski, page 428.</ref> A họpụtakwara ya ka ọ bụrụ onye omeiwu mba ahụ dị ka onye CoD na ntuli aka ndị omeiwu nke afọ 1999. Na nnọkọ CoD, a họpụtara Ulenga ọzọ dị ka onye isi oche nke CoD na August 1, 2004; a họpụtakwara ya dị ka onye nnọchiteanya nke pati ahụ maka ntuli aka onye isi ala nke November 2004.<ref>"Namibia's Congress of Democrats elects its 2004 presidential poll flagbearer", Nampa, August 2, 2004.</ref> Na ntuli aka a, ọ nọ n'ọnọdụ nke abụọ na 7.28% nke votu, n'azụ onye na-azọ ọkwa SWAPO Hifikepunye Pohamba.<ref>"Election update 2004, Namibia", EISA report, number 3, December 10, 2004, page 9. {{Cite web|url=http://www.eisa.org.za/PDF/eu200403nam.pdf|title=Archived copy|accessdate=2008-08-21|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081203142841/http://www.eisa.org.za/PDF/eu200403nam.pdf|archivedate=December 3, 2008}}</ref> Na ntuli aka ndị omeiwu nke afọ 2004, a họpụtara ya ọzọ na National Assembly. Na nnọkọ nnọkọ pụrụ iche e nwere na Keetmanshoop na Mee 2008, A họpụtara Ulenga ọzọ ka ọ bụrụ onye isi oche CoD; ọ meriri Ignatius Shixwameni site na votu iri na anọ, na Shixwameni, jụrụ ihe si na ya pụta, hapụrụ ọgbakọ ahụ na mkpesa ya na ihe dị ka ọkara nke ndị nnọchiteanya. Shixwameni boro ebubo aghụghọ ma kwuo na ngalaba CoD ya nọchiri anya ọtụtụ pati; otu ya gara Ụlọikpe Kasị Elu ka ha kwupụta nkwupụta ndị a..<ref name="Brig">Brigitte Weidlich, [http://www.namibian.com.na/2007/December/national/07D79EE73D.html "CoD's Ben Ulenga to sue 'rebel' MPs"]{{dead link|date=July 2017|bot=InternetArchiveBot|fix-attempted=yes}}, ''The Namibian'', December 21, 2007.</ref> N'ọnwa Julaị afọ 2008, Ụlọikpe Kasị Elu kpebiri na ọ kwadoro otu Shixwameni, na-emebi nzukọ May 2007. Ulenga nabatara mkpebi ahụ.<ref name="Kuvee">Kuvee Kangueehi, [http://allafrica.com/stories/200807211023.html "Ulenga accepts court ruling"], ''New Era'', July 21, 2008.</ref> Na ntuli aka izugbe nke afọ 2009, nkwado Ulenga dara nke ukwuu wee nweta vootu 5,812 (0.72%) nke debere ya n'ọkwa 9 n'ime mmadụ iri na abụọ na-azọ ọkwa onyeisiala. Nke a nọchiri anya ihe karịrị 50,000 ole na ole votu karịa ka ọ nwetara mgbe ọ gụchara nke abụọ na Pohamba na mkpọsa 2004. N'otu aka ahụ, CoD tụfuru anọ n'ime mmadụ ise nke National Assembly. Otú ọ dị, a họpụtara Ulenga ọzọ.<ref>"Politics-Namibia: SWAPO wins", Inter Press Service, 6 December 2009. {{Cite web|url=http://ipsnews.net/news.asp?idnews=49556|title=POLITICS-NAMIBIA: SWAPO Wins - IPS ipsnews.net|accessdate=2009-12-06|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20091206201710/http://ipsnews.net/news.asp?idnews=49556|archivedate=December 6, 2009}}</ref> Ulenga laghachiri na SWAPO na 2017.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Ben Ulenga: Why I rejoined Swapo|work=The Patriot|date=11 August 2017|url=http://thepatriot.com.na/index.php/2017/08/11/ben-ulenga-why-i-rejoined-swapo/|accessdate=13 August 2017}}</ref> == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * [https://nai.uu.se/library/resources/liberation-africa/interviews/ben-ulenga.html Ajụjụ ọnụ ya na Ben Ulenga site na Tor Sellström n'ime ọrụ Nordic Documentation on the Liberation Struggle in Southern Africa] - nke e dere na 16 Machị 1995. {{DEFAULTSORT:Ulenga, Ben}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] f9f1vk4q6e2tn47azbmu83z5hlyeifk 0 52201 644594 188446 2026-05-31T09:56:44Z ~2026-32314-82 62081 Fixed reference errors 644594 wikitext text/x-wiki   TG Venkatesh (amụrụ 16 Mee 1950) ma ọ bụ Tumbalam Gooty Venkatesh bụ onye ọchụnta ego na onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị India. Ọ jere ozi dị ka onye otu nzuko omebe iwu (MLA) na ọgbakọ omebe iwu nke Andhra Pradesh site na 1999 ruo 2004 na site na 2009 ruo 2014. Ọ bụ onye minista maka obere ogbugba mmiri n'okpuru nchịkwa nke Kiran Kumar Reddy. Ọ bụ onye otu Rajya Sabha kemgbe 2016. == Oge ọ malitere == A mụrụ Venkatesh nye T.G. Gopal Setty na T.G. Gowramma na 16 Mee 1950 na Madanapalli, Chittoor district, Andhra Pradesh. O mere BCom ya na Mahadum Sri Venkateswara na Adoni. Ọ lụrụ T. G. Swarajya Lakshmi Kumari na 22 February 1973. Di na nwunye ahụ nwere ụmụ nwanyị abụọ na otu nwa nwoke, T. G. Bharath. Bharath zọọrọ dịka onye omebe iwu, site na TDP, na ntuli aka 2019 wee merie Abdul Hafeez Khan sitere na YSRCP.[1] Nwa nwanne ya, TG Vishwa Prasad, bụ onye na-emepụta ihe nkiri ama ama na sinima Telugu ma nwee ụlọ mmepụta, People Media Factory, na Hyderabad, Telangana. == Ọrụ azụmahịa == Mgbe ọ malitere ụlọ ọrụ soda caustic nke a na-akpọ Sree Rayalaseema Alkalies na Allied Chemicals, Venkatesh dị iche iche n'ichepụta calcium hypochlorite dị elu, ọrụ ike, ike ikuku, mmepụta ọgwụ mgbochi anụmanụ, nnukwu nnu na-emepụta nkeji, ụlọ ihe nkiri na ụlọ kpakpando, gbasaa. gafere Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka na Tamil Nadu.   <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2018)">citation needed</span>]]''&#x5D;</sup> Ọ bụ onye isi oche nke Andhra Pradesh State Trading Corporation ruo oge ụfọdụ.<ref name="biodata">{{Cite web|title=Shri T. G. Venkatesh Member Of Parliament (Rajya Sabha)|url=http://164.100.47.5/newmembers/Website/Main.aspx|publisher=Parliament of India|accessdate=2018-01-04}}</ref> == Ọrụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị == Venkatesh guzoro n'ụzọ gara nke ọma na Mpaghara Kurnool dị ka onye Telugu Desam Party (TDP) na ntuli aka nke 1999 steeti, ebe V. Rambhupal Chowdary nke Indian National Congress bụ onye mmegide ya kacha nso. Na Ntuli aka nke afọ 2004, na-eguzo n'otu mpaghara maka otu pati ahụ, ọ bịara nke abụọ na M. Abdul Gafoor nke Communist Party of India (Marxist). <ref name="results" /> Ọ sonyeere INC n'ikpeazụ n'afọ ahụ ma dị ka onye na-azọ ọkwa maka pati ahụ, ọ meriri Gafoor na ntuli aka nke afọ 2009. <ref name="pioneer">{{Cite news|work=The Daily Pioneer|title=Two former Ministers from Congress join TDP|date=10 March 2014|url=http://www.dailypioneer.com/nation/two-former-ministers-from-congress-join-tdp.html|accessdate=2018-01-04}}</ref><ref name="results" /> N'ịgbaso nkewa nke Andhra Pradesh, nke ga-emepụta steeti dị iche nke Telangana, Venkatesh gbanwere nkwado ya laghachi na TDP na Machị 2014, na-agbaso ụzọ ọtụtụ ndị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị INC ndị ọzọ a ma ama mere n'oge na-adịbeghị anya.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Two former Andhra Pradesh ministers - TG Venkatesh and E Pratap Reddy - join TDP|work=The Economic Times|date=9 March 2014|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/articleshow/31730190.cms|accessdate=2018-01-04}}</ref><ref name="pioneer" /> Ọ guzoro ọzọ na Kurnool dị ka onye TDP na 2014, na-emecha nke abụọ na S. V. Mohan Reddy nke YSR Congress Party.<ref name="results">{{Cite web|title=Sitting and previous MLAs from Kurnool Assembly Constituency|publisher=Infobase|url=http://www.elections.in/andhra-pradesh/assembly-constituencies/kurnool.html|accessdate=2018-01-04}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[http://www.elections.in/andhra-pradesh/assembly-constituencies/kurnool.html "Sitting and previous MLAs from Kurnool Assembly Constituency"]. Infobase<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 January</span> 2018</span>.</cite></ref> Ọ bụ onye otu TDP nke Rajya Sabha na-anọchite anya Andhra Pradesh kemgbe June 2016. <ref>{{Cite news|work=The Hindu|title=Six declared elected to Rajya Sabha|date=4 June 2016|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/andhra-pradesh/Six-declared-elected-to-Rajya-Sabha/article14384423.ece|accessdate=2018-01-04}}</ref> N'afọ 2013, mgbe ọ bụ Minista na-ahụ maka obere mmiri, Venkatesh kwere nkwa ịkwado obodo Arya Vysya na Andhra Pradesh, na-atụ aro na ha efunahụla ụzọ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nakwa na ha kwesịrị ịzụlite ikike azụmaahịa ha.<ref>{{Cite news|work=The Hindu|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Vijayawada/tg-venkatesh-offers-support-to-arya-vysyas/article4451649.ece|title=T. G. Venkatesh offers support to Arya Vysyas|date=25 February 2013|accessdate=2018-01-04}}</ref> Na Septemba 2017, Venkatesh tụrụ aro na Kancha Ilaiah bụ onye sabo ma kwesịkwa ịkwụgbu ya. <ref>{{Cite web|title=TD MP TG Venkatesh says 'Hang ilaiah' for his book|url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/nation/politics/180917/td-mp-tg-venkatesh-says-hang-ilaiah-for-his-book.html|publisher=The Deccan Chronicle|accessdate=2018-01-04}}</ref> O kwenyere na a ga-amachibido akwụkwọ Ilaiah, nke akpọrọ ''Samajika Smugglurlu Komatollu'', n'ihi na ọ na-akpali ịkpọasị okpukpe na nke agbụrụ.<ref>{{Cite news|title=T.G. Venkatesh seeks ban on Ilaiah's book|date=29 September 2017|work=The Hindu|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-andhrapradesh/tg-venkatesh-seeks-ban-on-ilaiahs-book/article19772998.ece|accessdate=2018-01-04}}</ref> N'afọ 2012, o butere esemokwu site n'inye aro na a ga-agba ndị ọrụ nchịkwa nke India (IAS) na-adịghị arụ ọrụ nke ọma, nke ụfọdụ ndị weere dị ka ihe na-akpali igbu ọchụ. O mechara kwuo na ọ bụ ihe atụ nke okwu nakwa na ọ ga-agbagha ya ma ọ bụrụ na ndị ọrụ IAS kwetara na ha enweghị ike.<ref>{{Cite news|work=India Today|title=Andhra Pradesh minister for minor irrigation T.G. Venkatesh wants lazy bureaucrats to be 'shot dead'|first=A. Srinivasa|author=Rao|date=16 July 2012|url=http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/andhra-minister-wants-lazy-bureaucrats-to-be-shot-dead/1/208419.html|accessdate=2018-01-04}}</ref>Na 20 June 2019 ọ sonyeere BJP dịka TDP meriri na ntuli aka 2019. == Ihe odide == [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 7ihyrxiebasat5dufyrbm91f9ifi9b1 0 52311 644592 188625 2026-05-31T09:44:57Z ~2026-32314-82 62081 Fixed reference errors 644592 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=Sílvia Lutucuta|image=Sílvia Lutucuta 2024 (Agência Lusa).png|image_size=|caption=Lutucuta in 2024|birth_name=|birth_date={{birth date and age|1967|7|14|df=y}}<ref name=governo>{{cite web |title=Ministro - Biografia de Sílvia Paula Valentim Lutucuta |url=https://governo.gov.ao/biografia/ministro/sílvia-paula-valentim-lutucuta |website=governo.gov.ao |access-date=26 November 2023|language=pt}}</ref>|birth_place=[[Huambo]], [[Portuguese Angola]]<ref name=governo/>|death_date=|death_place=|death_cause=|other_names=Sílvia Paula Valentim Lutucuta|known_for=Angolan Minister of Health|education=|employer=|occupation=Cardiologist and politician|spouse=|partner=|children=|parents=|relatives=|signature=|website=|footnotes=|nationality=Angola}} '''Sílvia Paula Valentim Lutucuta''' (amụrụ na 14 Julaị 1968) bụ onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Angola na onye na-ahụ maka ọrịa obi, Minista ahụike na-arụ ọrụ. == Ndụ == A mụrụ Lutucuta na Huambo n'afọ 1967. Ọ zụrụ na ọgwụ ma bụrụ ọkachamara na ọrịa obi na Hospital de Santa Maria na Lisbon, Portugal. N'afọ 2000 ọ kwagara Houston na Texas ebe o mere nnyocha post-doctoral na Baylor College of Medicine . <ref name="gavi" /> Ọ sonyeere Angolan Society of Cardiovascular Diseases . <ref>{{Cite web|title=Federação das Sociedades de Cardiologia de Língua Portuguesa|url=http://fsclp.org/membros-sadcv.html|accessdate=2022-07-12|work=fsclp.org}}</ref> Ọ bụ onye otu MPLA Political Bureau . N'afọ 2017, a họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ Minista nke Ahụike na Angola. O mepụtara ọtụtụ puku ọrụ ọhụrụ, ọkachasị n'ime ime obodo. N'okpuru idu ndú ya, a tụpụtara ọgwụ mgbochi COVID-19 na mba ya ma ọ haziri ego ahụ.<ref name="gavi">{{Cite web|title=Silvia Lutucuta|url=https://www.gavi.org/governance/gavi-board/members/silvia-lutucuta|accessdate=2022-07-12|work=www.gavi.org|language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://www.gavi.org/governance/gavi-board/members/silvia-lutucuta "Silvia Lutucuta"]. </cite></ref> == Ntụaka == # Akowaputara edensibia nke a nap templeeti ma obu ngongo ozo eweputara, ma ugbu a enwere Ike ihu nkirimaatu ya n'ebe osi. # "Silvia Lutucuta". # "Federacao das Sociedades de Cardiologia de Lingua Portuguese".{{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] d02orfss3927z1zhy2mnimxssjih86e 0 52399 644084 364152 2026-05-30T15:34:06Z Mirah50 16972 Fixed reference errors 644084 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Tati-Loutard.jpg|thumb|Jean-Baptiste Tati Loutard]] '''Jean-Baptiste Tati Loutard''' (15 Disemba 1938 - 4 Julaị 2009) <ref name="Paris">{{Cite news|url=http://www.afriquecentrale.info/central.php?o=2&s=813&d=3&i=2049|title=Congo-Brazzaville minister dies in Paris: government|publisher=afriquecentrale.info|date=5 July 2009|accessdate=5 July 2009}}</ref>bụ onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na onye na-ede uri Congo. N'ịbụ onye na-arụbu ọrụ dị ka onye minista nke agụmakwụkwọ ka elu na onye na-ahụ maka nkà na omenala, ọ bụ Minista nke Hydrocarbons na gọọmentị Congo-Brazzaville site na 1997 ruo 2009; ọ bụkwa onye nchoputa na onye isi oche nke Action Movement for Renewal (MAR), otu ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị. Ewezuga ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, Tati Loutard bipụtara ọtụtụ akwụkwọ nke uri na akwụkwọ ya n'ozuzu ya. == Akụkọ ndụ == A mụrụ Tati Loutard na 1938 n'obodo Pointe-Noire dị n'ụsọ oké osimiri ma gaa Chaminade High School na ụlọ akwụkwọ Marianist na Brazzaville isi obodo Congo. O nwetara nzere na akwụkwọ nke oge a na 1964 na Italian na 1964 na Mahadum nke Bordeaux . <ref name="afdev">[http://www.afdevinfo.com/htmlreports/peo/peo_16146.html Tati Loutard], African Development Information Services</ref> Tati Loutard laghachiri Brazzaville na 1966 iji kụzie na Centre for Graduate Studies . Ọ bipụtara Poèmes de la Mer na 1968 wee gaa n'ihu na-ebipụta oge niile. Ọrụ nkuzi ya gara n'ihu na Tati-Loutard nwetara ọkwa nke onye isi ụlọ akwụkwọ nke Ụlọ Akwụkwọ nke Humanities na Center for Higher Education na Brazzaville.<ref name="colby">[http://www.colby.edu/french/fr128/vacoit/vie.htm Jean-Baptiste Tati-Loutard et les droits des femmes], [https://translate.google.com/translate?hl=en&sl=fr&u=http://www.colby.edu/french/fr128/vacoit/vie.htm&sa=X&oi=translate&resnum=2&ct=result&prev=/search%3Fq%3D%2522Jean-Baptiste%2BTati-Loutard%2Ba%2Bfait%2Bses%2B%25C3%25A9tudes%2Bau%2Blyc%25C3%25A9e%2BChaminade%2522%26hl%3Den%26client%3Dfirefox-a%26channel%3Ds%26rls%3Dcom.google:en-US:official%26hs%3Dprr%26sa%3DG translation], Colby College, Maine, accessed 1 September 2008</ref> === Ọrụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị === Tati Loutard sonyeere òtù ọdịbendị Congolese wee bụrụ Minista nke agụmakwụkwọ dị elu na 1975; ọ mechara bụrụ Minista na-ahụ maka ọdịbendị na nka site na 1977 ruo 1991.<ref name="afdev">[http://www.afdevinfo.com/htmlreports/peo/peo_16146.html Tati Loutard], African Development Information Services</ref> O sonyere na February-June 1991 National Conference dị ka onye nnọchi anya gọọmentị ma tinye ya na kọmitii National Conference maka idepụta iwu dị n'ime. Mgbe oge nkuzi gasịrị, ọ laghachiri na gọọmentị <ref name="afdev" /> mgbe agha obodo June-October 1997 gasịrị dị ka Minista nke Hydrocarbons na 2 Nọvemba 1997. Ebuliri ya gaa n'ọkwa nke Minista steeti, ebe ọ na-ejigide Pọtụfoliyo Hydrocarbons, na 7 Jenụwarị 2005. Na ntuli aka ndị omeiwu 2002, Tati Louard bụ onye ndọrọndọrọ na mpaghara Tchiamba-Nzassi (nke dị na mpaghara Kouilou), mana e meriri ya na agba nke mbụ. .Tati Louard gbara ọsọ ọzọ na ntuli aka ndị omeiwu 2007, na oge a, a họpụtara ya na National Assembly dị ka onye na-akwado MAR na Tchiamba-Nzassi, Na 28 Machị 2008, a họpụtara ya dị ka onye isi oche nke Association of African Petroleum Producers (APPA) maka oge 2008-2009. Mgbe ọ ka na-eje ozi dị ka Minister nke State maka Hydrocarbons, Tati Loutard a kpọgara Paris ka a gwọọ ya maka ọrịa na-adịghị akọwapụta na June 2009. Ọ nwụrụ na Paris na 4 July 2009 na gọọmentị kwupụtara ọnwụ ya "na nnukwu mwute" na 5 July.<ref name="Paris" /> === Ọrụ edemede === N'afọ 1984, a họpụtara ya na naanị ndị ọzọ na-ede uri abụọ, Tchicaya U Tam'si na Emmanuel Dongala ka ha nọchite anya uri nke mba ya na Penguin Book of Modern African Poetry . N'afọ 1986, a kọwara Jean-Baptiste Tati Loutard dị ka ''"onye na-ede uri pụrụ iche nke ọgbọ ya"''. Tati-Louard nwetara ọtụtụ onyinye maka ọrụ ya. O meriri Prix des Lettres African Alioune Diop na 1982 maka "New Congolese Chronicles" na ihe nrite Afrika nile Okigbo maka uri na 1987 maka "Omenala Nrọ." Na 1987, o meriri Black Africa Literary Grand Prix maka "Akụkọ nke Ọnwụ". O bipụtakwala akụkọ mkpirisi na akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Congo na 1974. Akụkọ ndị ahụ na-ekwu maka okwu ndị dị ka ịkwa iko, nrụrụ aka, ịgba akwụna, enweghị ọrụ na nsogbu nke mbata na ọpụpụ. N'afọ 1979, o bipụtara "New Congo Chronicles" nke ọ na-enyocha nnyefe nke obodo Congo mgbe nnwere onwe gasịrị.<ref name="colby">[http://www.colby.edu/french/fr128/vacoit/vie.htm Jean-Baptiste Tati-Loutard et les droits des femmes], [https://translate.google.com/translate?hl=en&sl=fr&u=http://www.colby.edu/french/fr128/vacoit/vie.htm&sa=X&oi=translate&resnum=2&ct=result&prev=/search%3Fq%3D%2522Jean-Baptiste%2BTati-Loutard%2Ba%2Bfait%2Bses%2B%25C3%25A9tudes%2Bau%2Blyc%25C3%25A9e%2BChaminade%2522%26hl%3Den%26client%3Dfirefox-a%26channel%3Ds%26rls%3Dcom.google:en-US:official%26hs%3Dprr%26sa%3DG translation], Colby College, Maine, accessed 1 September 2008</ref> Tati-Louard anatala ọtụtụ ihe nrite maka ihe odide ya. Ọ meriri Prix des Lettres African Alioune Diop na 1982 maka "New Congolese Chronicles" na All Africa Okigbo Prize for Poetry na 1987 maka "Omenala Nrọ" na 1987 ọ meriri Black Africa Literary Grand Prix maka "Akụkọ ahụ". nke Ọnwụ". == Ọrụ ndị e bipụtara == === Abụ uri === * 1968 - Poèmes de la Mer, (Poems of the Sea) <ref name="Republika">{{Cite journal|date=December 1978|title=Biografski dodaci|url=http://dhk.hr/casopis-republika/|language=sh|journal=Republika: Časopis za kulturu i društvena pitanja (Izbor iz novije afričke književnosti)|volume=XXXIV|issue=12|pages=1424–1427}}</ref> * 1968 - Les Racines congolaises, (The Congolese Roots),<ref name="Republika" /> * 1970 - L'Envers du Soleil, (The Hidden face of the sun) <ref name="Republika" /> * 1974 - Les Normes du Temps, (The Standards of time) <ref name="Republika" /> * 1977 - Ọkụ nke Ụwa, * 1982 - Nkwurịta okwu nke Plateaux, * 1985 - La Tradition du Songe, (Ọdịnala nke iche echiche), Paris * 1992 - Agwọ nke ndịda, * 1996 - Usoro nke Ihe Ndị A Na-ahụ Maka Ihe Ndị A na-ahụ Maka Ya * 1998 - Osisi nkwụ, * 1998 - (gụnyere na) The Penguin Book of Modern African Poetry * 2007 - Akwụkwọ uri, ọnụnọ Africa === Akwụkwọ ndị ọzọ === * 1976 - Anthologie de la littérature congolaise, * 1977 - Ọkụ nke mbara ala, * 1980 - Akụkọ ọhụrụ nke Congo, * 1987 - ''Akụkọ Ọnwụ'', (The Story of Death) * 1998 - Ihe omuma, * 2003 - Anthologie Nouvelle de la littérature congolaise, == Ndị a nabatara == * 1987 - Ihe nrite maka uri All Africa Okigbo, maka ọdịnala nrọ''Omenala Nrọ'' * 1987 - Black African Literary Grand Prix maka ''Akụkọ Ọnwụ'' * 1982 - Ihe nrite nke akwụkwọ ozi Africa Alioune Diop, maka Nouvelles Chroniques Congolaises {New Congolese Chronicles} * 1982 - Ihe nrite Simba, maka ọrụ ya niile == Njikọ mpụga == * Albert S. Gérard, European-language Writing in Sub-Saharan Africa, peeji nke 584, 1986, &nbsp;  == Ihe odide == {{Reflist|30em}}{{Authority control}}{{Tchicaya U Tam'si Prize for African Poetry|state=collapsed}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Tati Loutard, Jean-Baptiste}} k696fa7uzuitpvmga3fh529aiq35t89 0 52403 644070 364158 2026-05-30T15:13:15Z Mirah50 16972 Fixed reference errors 644070 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} {{Infobox officeholder|children=23 March 2011}} '''Ali Abdussalam Tarhouni''' ( born 1951) is a [[Libya|Libyan]] economist and politician. Tarhouni served as the minister for oil and finance on the National Transitional Council, the provisional governing authority in Libya, from 23 March to 22 November 2011.<ref name="Fahim NYT">{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2011/03/24/world/africa/24minister.html|title=Rebel Insider Concedes Weaknesses in Libya|work=[[The New York Times]]|date=23 March 2011|first=Kareem|author=Tahim}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFTahim2011">Tahim, Kareem (23 March 2011). </cite></ref><ref name="Seattle Times">{{Cite news|url=http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/html/localnews/2014592498_tarhouni25m.html|title=The double life of a popular UW lecturer|work=[[The Seattle Times]]|date=24 March 2011|first=Katherine|author=Long}}</ref><ref name="west">{{Cite news|url=http://www.aljazeera.com/news/africa/2011/11/20111122182321109582.html|work=Al Jazeera|title=Libya's NTC announces new cabinet|date=22 November 2011|accessdate=22 November 2011}}</ref>N'ime ntakịrị ihe karịrị otu izu, ọ rụrụ ọrụ n'ikike nke praịm minista nke Libya n'oge ọpụpụ nke Mahmoud Jibril na-apụ apụ site na 23 October 2011.<ref name="declib">{{Cite news|url=http://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/0/f459749a-fd86-11e0-a9db-00144feabdc0.html?ftcamp=rss#axzz1bdQwjJL8|title=Libya declares liberation after Gaddafi's death|date=23 October 2011|accessdate=23 October 2011|first=Borzou|author=Daragahi|work=Financial Times}}</ref> until Abdurrahim El-Keib was formally named to succeed Jibril on 31 October.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-15530640|title=Abdel Rahim al-Kib named new interim PM|work=BBC|date=31 October 2011|accessdate=31 October 2011}}</ref> == Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ == A mụrụ na Libya, Tarhouni gụrụ akwụkwọ mmụta akụ na ụba na Mahadum Libya, ruo mgbe ọ gbapụrụ na mba ahụ na 1973. A napụrụ ya ikike ịbụ nwa amaala, mara ya ikpe ọnwụ na ọ nọghị, tinyekwa ya n'akwụkwọ ndekọ aha gọọmentị na 1981.<ref name="Fahim NYT" /> Mgbe ọ kwagara United States, Tarhouni gara n'ihu n'agụmakwụkwọ ya, na-enweta nzere masta (1978) na PhD (1983) na Mahadum Michigan State. Site na 1985 ruo mgbe mgbawa nke mgbanwe Libyan, ọ bụbu onye nkuzi a ma ama na akụnụba azụmahịa na Mahadum Washington Michael G. Foster School of Business ebe ọ nwetara ọtụtụ onyinye nkuzi.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/html/localnews/2014585802_apaflibyarebelfinances.html|title=UW faculty member working with Libyan rebels|work=[[The Seattle Times]]|date=24 March 2011|first=Ryan|author=Lucas}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Ali Tarhouni Faculty Profile|url=http://www.foster.washington.edu/centers/facultyresearch/facultyprofiles/Lists/Faculty%20Contact%20Info/DispProfile.aspx?ID=40388592708333|publisher=University of Washington Foster School of Business|accessdate=15 September 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131018040108/http://www.foster.washington.edu/centers/facultyresearch/facultyprofiles/Lists/Faculty%20Contact%20Info/DispProfile.aspx?ID=40388592708333|archivedate=18 October 2013}}</ref> == Ọrụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị == A họpụtara Tarhouni ka ọ bụrụ onye isi nke ụlọ ọrụ mmanụ na nke ego nke National Transitional Council, otu kansụl mmegide e guzobere iji hazie Ndị na-emegide Gaddafi n'oge Agha Obodo Libya na Machị 2011.<ref name="Fahim NYT" /> Ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka ọnụ na-ekwuru kansụl ahụ ugboro ugboro ma nwee mmetụta dị ukwuu dị ka onye a ma ama na-emegide ya.<ref name="gera" /> O kwupụtara n'ụzọ iwu na ọ ga-esi na Benghazi gaa Tripoli na 25 Ọgọstụ 2011. <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://tripolipost.com/articledetail.asp?c=1&i=6764|title=NTC to Start 'Governing' by Moving from Benghazi to Tripoli|date=26 August 2011|work=The Tripoli Post}}</ref> Na 3 Septemba 2011, Tarhouni, na-arụ ọrụ dị ka osote onyeisi oche nke NTC, mara ọkwa na ọ bụkwa onyeisi oche nke Kọmitii Nchebe Kasị Elu, nke na-ahụ maka ihe nchekwa niile na Tripoli.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2011/09/04/world/middleeast/04libya.html|title=Libya's Interim Leaders Aim to Harness Rebel Fighters|date=3 September 2011|work=[[The New York Times]]|first=Rod|author=Nordland}}</ref> A họpụtara Tarhouni ka ọ bụrụ osote praịm minista n'ụbọchị nke abụọ n'ọnwa Ọktoba n'afọ 2011 mgbe ọ rụchara ọrụ ahụ ọtụtụ ọnwa.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.aljazeera.com/news/africa/2011/10/2011102181154543584.html|work=Al Jazeera|title=New cabinet takes shape in Libya|date=2 October 2011|accessdate=2 October 2011}}</ref> Ọ nọchiri Mahmoud Jibril dị ka praịm minista na-anọchite anya mgbe nkwupụta nnwere onwe nke Libya gasịrị naanị ụbọchị 21 ka e mesịrị.<ref name="declib" /> N'abalị iri atọ na otu n'ọnwa Ọktoba n'afọ 2011, oge Tarhouni dị ka praịm minista na-anọchite anya ya gwụrụ site na nhọpụta nke Abdurrahim El-Keib na ntuli aka nke ndị otu NTC iri ise na otu.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://af.reuters.com/article/libyaNews/idAFL5E7LV46820111031|work=Reuters Africa|title=Abdul Raheem al-Keeb elected Libya's interim PM|date=31 October 2011}}</ref> N'afọ 2012, Tarhouni guzobere National Centrist Party, na-aghọ onye ndú mbụ ya. O kwuru na pati ya ga-arụkọ ọrụ na Mahmoud Jibril's National Forces Alliance. A họpụtara ya dị ka onye isi nke nzukọ iwu na 22 Eprel 2014. <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.dailynewsegypt.com/2014/04/22/libyan-charter-panel-elects-liberal-lead-constituent-assembly/|title=Libyan charter panel elects liberal to lead constituent assembly|date=22 April 2014|accessdate=5 May 2014}}</ref> == Mgbe ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị gasịrị == Tarhouni kwuru na nzukọ ndị nta akụkọ na ngwụcha Nọvemba 2011 na a na-enye ya ọkwa na gọọmentị Keib, mana ọ jụrụ, na-azọrọ na "ego, ngwá agha na PR kwadoro ụlọ ọrụ ọhụrụ ahụ site na mpụga" n'ihe doro anya na-ezo aka na ọrụ [[Qatar]] na nkwado NTC. Ọ katọrọ nhọrọ Keib họpụtara ndị minista gọọmentị dị ka "ndị a ma ama" ma kwuo na gọọmentị anaghị anọchite anya mba ahụ nke ọma.<ref name="gera">{{Cite news|url=https://abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory/libyas-oil-minister-criticizes-leaders-15026716#.TtAIFk-dt8w|accessdate=25 November 2011|date=25 November 2011|work=ABC News|title=Libya's Ex-Oil Minister Criticizes New Leaders|first=Vanessa|author=Gera}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFGera2011">Gera, Vanessa (25 November 2011). </cite></ref> Na Disemba 2011, Tarhouni laghachiri [[Seattle]] maka otu izu. O kwuru okwu dị mkpirikpi na Mahadum Washington na 20 Disemba ebe ọ tụgharịrị uche na ọrụ ya na mgbanwe ọchịchị onye kwuo uche ya ma kwuo maka olileanya ya maka mgbanwe ọchịchị onye isi, gụnyere ebumnuche ya nke ịmepụta otu ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ọhụrụ. Tarhouni laghachikwara nkatọ mbụ ya banyere ọchịchị nwa oge, na-ekwupụta obi ike na ezi ebumnuche ya.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://depts.washington.edu/foster/ali-tarhouni-libyan-leader-former-foster-school-lecturer-returns-campus/|work=University of Washington Foster School of Business|date=20 December 2011|accessdate=26 January 2017|title=Ali Tarhouni, Libyan leader and former Foster School lecturer, returns to campus}}</ref> == Ihe odide == {{Reflist|33em}} == Njikọ mpụga == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20111006134713/http://www.foster.washington.edu/centers/facultyresearch/facultyprofiles/Lists/Faculty%20Contact%20Info/DispProfile.aspx?ID=113 Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ na Mahadum Washington] {{s-start}} {{s-off}} {{s-bef|before=[[Mahmoud Jibril]]}} {{s-ttl|title=[[List of heads of government of Libya|Prime Minister of Libya]]<br /><small>Acting</small>|years=2011}} {{s-aft|after={{nowrap|[[Abdurrahim El-Keib]]}}}} {{s-ppo}} {{s-bef|before=Position established}} {{s-ttl|title=Leader of [[National Centrist Party]]|years=2012–present}} {{s-inc}} {{s-end}}{{LibyaPMs}}{{National Transitional Council}}{{2011 Libyan civil war}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Tarhouni, Ali}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 49r9wpyb3u9yppwqf70tbet8nmclnhh 0 52474 644178 406724 2026-05-30T18:35:01Z Mirah50 16972 Fixed reference errors 644178 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} TERF ( /t ɜːr f / ) bụ okwu mkpọ okwu maka trans-exclusionary radical feminist .  Mbụ ekọrọ na 2008, a na-eji okwu TERF mee ihe dị iche iche nke transgender -inclusive feminists site na otu ndị inyom na-ahụ maka radical na-ajụ ajụjụ na ụmụ trans bụ ụmụ ajụ, jụ nsonye nke ụmụ amụrụ trans.  na oghere ụmụ, ma na-adịghị iwu ikike transgender .  Ndị na-ahụ maka ndị na-eme egwuregwu ihe na-ekwusi ike na echiche na ọnọdụ ndị a bụ transphobic na-ata ụta megide ndị transgender .  Ojiji nke okwu TERF agbasawanyela ka ọ gụnye ntụaka maka ndị nwere echiche trans-exclusionary bụ ndị na-esiteghị na radical feminism .  [1] [1] [2] N'ime afọ 2020, a na-eji okwu ahụ bụ "trans-exclusionary radical feminism" mee ihe n'otu aka ahụ yana ma ọ bụ hel ya na " nwoke nwere oke egwu.. Ọ bụ ebe na e kere TERF ka ọ bụrụ "nkọwa nke na-ama ụma na-anọpụ iche", a na-ewere okwu ahụ ugbu a dị ka okwu mkparị, [1] mkparị ma ọ mkparị.  [2] [1] Ndị na-amụ TERF na-ajụkarị akara a, kama na-ịchọta ha dị ka oke oke okike .<ref name="Vasquez 2014">{{cite magazine |last1=Vasquez |first1=Tina |date=17 February 2014 |title=It's Time to End the Long History of Feminism Failing Transgender Women |url=https://www.bitchmedia.org/post/the-long-history-of-transgender-exclusion-from-feminism |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190413190326/https://www.bitchmedia.org/post/the-long-history-of-transgender-exclusion-from-feminism |archive-date=13 April 2019 |access-date=13 April 2019 |magazine=Bitch |publisher=[[Bitch Media]] |quote=[Cathy] Brennan, fellow attorney Elizabeth Hungerford, and other modern-day feminists continue to actively question the inclusion of trans people in women's spaces. These feminists refer to themselves as "radical feminists" or "gender critical feminists". In 2008, trans women and trans advocates started referring to this group as "trans-exclusionary radical feminists" or TERFs, a term Brennan considers a slur.}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite book|doi=10.1163/9789004506725_137|chapter=Trans-Exclusionary Radical Feminists (TERFs)|title=Encyclopedia of Queer Studies in Education|year=2021|pages=695–698|isbn=978-90-04-50672-5|first=Justin A.|author=Gutzwa|chapterurl=https://books.google.com/books?id=GCFeEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA695|accessdate=3 August 2022}}</ref> == Mmalite == Onye na-ede blọgụ feminist trans-inclusive Viv Smythe bụ onye na-ekepụta na ụdị okwu ahụ [1] na 2008 dị ka mkpirisi ịntanetị.  [2] Ihe izizi edere ede nke okwu ahụ bụ na blọgụ o dere na-azaghachi hụrụ egwu egwu nke [[Michigan]] Womyn nke ịgọnarị anụmanụ ụmụ trans.  [2] Na 2014, Smythe chetara na ya na onye ọrụ ọzọ, "Lauredhel", na-eji okwu ahụ na-achọ tupu blọgụ blọgụ ahụ, ma tara na ọ nwere ike ịmegharị ma ọ bụ nakweere ya site na ụka IRC.  isi ndị ọzọ. Na blọgụ blọgụ, Smythe dere na ọmụ akwụkwọ aka na ụmụ niile na-akpa ike na ndị na-akwado radfem trans-exclusionary (TERF).  [1] A na-eji ya ma ndị inyom [2] bụ ndị na-akwado echiche nke ndị inyom ndị ọzọ na- Egypt transphobic, [3] [4] [5] [6] echiche na ụmụ m trans bụ ụmụ mmadụ.  nwoke, mmegide megide ikike transgender, [7] na mwepu nke ụmụ amụrụ trans na oghere ụmụ nà otu.  [8] E boro echiche ndị a dị iche n'ọtụtụ òtù ndị inyom.  [7] N'ajụjụ ọnụ 2014 na Cristan Williams nke blọgụ TransAdvocate, Smythe – na-eji net-pseudonym "TigTog" [9] –kwuru Akwụkwọ Ọkọwa Okwu Oxford English (OED) gbakwunyere njikọ maka TERF (aha) na June 2022, nke na-ekwu na n'agbanyeghị na e bu ụzọ bu n'obi okwu ahụ ka ọ lara bụ na-anọpụ iche, a na-ewere  ya ugbu a dị ka mkpa.  [1] Onye nchịkọta akụkọ OED Fiona McPherson akwụkwọ na n'ihi na "enwere mmiri ihe dị n'azụ ojiji ya. – ọ bụghị mgbe niile ka ọ bụ mkparị kwụpụta", ndị editọ akwụkwọ ọkọwa okwu ahụ ወረቀት nke a kama  ihe aha okwu ahụ bụ “ihe mkparị” ma ọ bụ “ihe mkparị nke ukwuu.”  [2] N'afọ 2023, AP Stylebook dụrụ ndị nta ndị ọdụ ka ha zere okwu ahụ, na-ewere ya "edoghị anya na ndị agha njikọ." <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.advocate.com/media/associated-press-dont-say-terf|title=Don't Use 'TERF,' AP Stylebook Advises|work=www.advocate.com}}</ref> === Arụmụka slur === TERF gwara ha na-achọkarị ya dị ka okwu mkparị ma ọ bụ ụmụaka ndị.  [1] [2] [3] N'ime akwụkwọ edemede nke Julaị 2018 metụtara "ihe transgender", akwụkwọ akwụkwọ Britain bụ The Economist akwụkwọ ndị edemede ka ha "zere mkparị niile, TERF", na-arụ na ejiri okwu ahụ.  nwaa imechi echiche na mgbe ụfọdụ ikeli ime ihe ike.  [4] N'August 2018, ndị ọkà ihe nkiri Britain asaa dere na webụsaịtị Daily Nous na abụọ nke Veronica Ivy [5] na Jason Stanley [6] akwụkwọ na akwụkwọ ndị Philosophy na Phenomenological Research mere ka okwu ahụ guzosie ike.  Ha okwu okwu ahụ dị ka "kachasị njọ na mkparị njọ njọ", ma kwukwaa na ejirila ya kwutọọ ndị "na- ekwetaghị na ịgba na okwu trans".  [7] [8] [9] Na nzaghachi, Ernest Sosa, onye nchịkọta akụkọ nke akwụkwọ ozi ahụ n'isi, kwuru na ndị ọkà ịchọrọ ndị akwụkwọ ozi ahụ, nyere na okwu ahụ nwere ike iche okwu mkparị n'oge ụfọdụ.  , ma na iji ya mee ihe dị ka okwu nlelị n' mgbanwe ụfọdụ na a pụghị ya mee ihe.  n'ụzọ.  [8] Onye edemede transgender Andrea Long Chu ndị nzọrọ na TERF bụ okwu mkparị dị ka "iwe nke ga-adị n'okpuru nlelị ma ọ bụrụ na ọ bụghịkwa eziokwu, n'echiche bụ na e bu n'obi na-ekwu okwu.  niile maka ndị nkwutọ ka ọ bụrụ nkwutọ." Onye na-akwado ikike transgender [1] na onye bụbu prọfesọ nkà ihe ndị Veronica Ivy na-arụ ụka na nnwere onwe na ike iji okwu ahụ mee ihe n'ụzọ na- መሪ isi, ọ pụtaghị na ọ bụ nkwutọ n  'ozuzu ya.  [2] N'ime akwụkwọ 2020 nke e akwụkwọ na akwụkwọ nkà ihe ndị Grazer Philosophische Studien, ndị ọkà-ebude Christopher Davis na Elin McCready nke ụka na ihe atọ nwere ike ime ka okwu bụrụ okwu mkparị: ọ ga-abụ mkparị nye  otum, na-eji na-edo onwe ha n'okpuru ụfọdụ usoro nke ike.  na na a ga-adịra ndị ahụ e wedara n'ala site na ihe dị n'ime.  Davis na McCready dere na okwu TERF mezuru ọnọdụ mbụ, n'ihi na ọ dabere n  'otú otu ọ sọla si hụ onwe ya.  n'ihe gbasara otu nke ọzọ.  [3] Nkà ihe nke prọfesọ bụ Jennifer Saul ekwetaghị n'ịhazi TERF dị ka okwu mkparị, na-arụ ụka na okwu ndị abụcha okwu mkparị eji mgbe ya na okwu mkparị ma ọ bụ mkparị.  Nkatọ ya bụ isi bụ na okwu ahụ bụ "trans-exclusionary radical feminist" ụka ezi, na-ịbụ okwu ahụ bụ "ndị na-eme ihe trans" kama.  Nke mbụ n'ihi na ọtụtụ ndị a na-akpọ aha na- ezinụlọ ndị na-ahụ maka mgbaàmà na-egosi (na-ehota JK Rowling dị ka ihe atụ) na nke abụọ na okwu ahụ na-agụnye echiche na ndị na  -ahụ maka ihe ndị na-ahụghị ụkpụrụ ike ike ọrụ iji "merụọ ụdị nke ụmụ anụmanụ a na-akwagharị akwagharị. <ref name="Saul 2020">{{Cite news|author=Saul|first=Jennifer|authorlink=Jennifer Saul|date=5 March 2020|title=Why the words we use matter when describing anti-trans activists|work=[[The Conversation (website)|The Conversation]]|url=https://theconversation.com/why-the-words-we-use-matter-when-describing-anti-trans-activists-130990|accessdate=3 October 2021}}</ref> Onye ọkà ihe mgbaàmà bụ Talia Mae Bettcher mụrụ ụka na, n'agbanyeghị ma a na-ekewa okwu ahụ n'ụzọ ziri ezi dị ka okwu mkparị, ọ "ọ malitere ala na-akpasu ndị okwu ahụ aha", nke na  Ọmụma aro na ọ ga-akacha mma ikpughe "ọ bụrụ na-enwe mmetụta inwe.  [1] Onye ọkà ihe ndị Feminist Judith Butler nke ụka na okwu TERF bụ okwu mkparị na N'ajụjụ ọnụ New Statesman, na-ekwu, sị "M na-eche ihe aha onwe-kwupụtara feminists bụ ndị na-achọ ịwepụ trans inyom.  if , if phomin ga-akpọ na ha na-akwado mwepu, okun na a ga-akpọ.  ma ọ ga-akpọ ha radical feminists == Labelụ ''dị oke egwu nke okike'' == N'afọ 2020, a na-eji okwu ahụ bụ "trans-exclusionary radical feminism" mee ihe n'otu aka ahụ yana ma ọ bụ akwụkwọ ya na " nwoke dị oke egwu ", nke Grinspan na ndị na-ede akwụkwọ na  - dị ka "nkọwa onwe nke ụfọdụ ndị mmadụ na otu ndị na-egosi TERFs <ref name="Grinspan">{{Cite journal|author=Grinspan|first=Mauro Cabral|title=Exploring TERFnesses|journal=Journal of Diversity and Gender Studies|date=2023|volume=10|issue=2|doi=10.21825/digest.90008}}</ref> Ndị ọgbọ dị ka TERF na-ajụ okwu a ma nwee ike na-ezo aka na onwe ha dị ka oke oke okike .  [1] [2] [3] N'afọ 2017, onye na-ede akwụkwọ ọmụmụ Britain bụ Sarah Ditum dere na "ogwe a na-akpọ 'terf' dị ala nke ukwuu", na-ekwu maka ' PinkNews nke onye na  -enye oge awa Jenni Murray na onye blọgụ onye na-ede akwụkwọ Medium onye edemede Naijiria bụ [[Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie]] . Onye nta ndị Briten bụ Catherine Bennett emetụtawo okwu ahụ dị ka "ngwa ndị eji emegbu mmadụ", nke "nwere ike ịga nke ọma n'imebi okwu. – na egwuregwu ekiri egwuregwu."  [1] [2] N'afọ 2017, onye edemede Britain bụ Claire Heuchan Ada ụka na a na-ahụ okwu ahụ eme n'ụdị "nkwupụta okwu ime ihe ike", [3] [4] nakwa na a na  -eji nhọrọ ime ihe ike eme ihe iji "mebie ụmụ-ndụ na ndị-akatọ nwoke na-akiri ka dị nke usoro uzo uzo", na-onye Niche nwere ihe eji.  [3] Onye ọkà n'akparam ndị mmadụ nke Britain na ọkà nsogbu ọha na eze David Pilgrim na-ekwu na nkebi ndị dị ka "Gbuo TERF!"  ma ọ bụ "Tie TERF!"  trolls na-takwa n' ịntanetị, yana na enweela ihe ngosi ndị ọzọ nke ime ihe ike , ụmụ-ekiri TERFs. <ref>{{Cite journal|author=Pilgrim|first=David|title=The transgender controversy: a reply to Summersell|journal=[[Journal of Critical Realism]]|date=20 October 2018|volume=17|issue=5|pages=523–528|doi=10.1080/14767430.2018.1539825}}</ref> Otu 2018 [[Obodoézè Nà Ofú|United Kingdom]] All Party Parliamentary Group (APPG) na Mpụ ndị nna nna nna nna nke aka nke ndị dị n'okike dị n'etiti ndị na-akwado trans na ndị otu nchoputa na-ama iwu ikike ikike transgender, na otu abụọ na-otu ihe.  omume nke oke okwu ma ọ bụ mkparị.  Akụkọ ahụ kwuru na ụfọdụ ụdị njikọ, na okwu 'trans-exclusionary radical feminist na okwu' trans-exclusionary radical feminist.  ' ma ọ bụ 'TERF' bụ. ejiri mee ihe dị ka okwu mkparị" <ref name="APPG2019">{{Cite web|author=All Party Parliamentary Group on Hate Crime|title=How Do We Build Community Cohesion When Hate Crime Is On The Rise?|url=http://www.appghatecrime.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/APPG%20on%20Hate%20Crime%20Report%20Hate%20Crime%20and%20Community%20Cohesion.pdf|publisher=[[House of Commons of the United Kingdom]]|date=2019|accessdate=2 November 2019|pages=25–26|archivedate=1 November 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20201101015429/http://www.appghatecrime.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/APPG%20on%20Hate%20Crime%20Report%20Hate%20Crime%20and%20Community%20Cohesion.pdf}}</ref> Ụfọdụ ndị na-akpọ trans-exclusionary radical feminists na-ekwu na trans-exclusionary bụ aha na- ike ezi, ebe ọ bụ na ha na-agụnye ndị ikom transgender, ndị nwere ọrụ nwoke na-acho.  [1] Peter Cava na-ekwu na mgbe ndị inyom ndị a na-agụnye ndị ikom trans, ha na-emekarị ka ha bụrụ ụmụ anọ.  [2] Ndị ọka iwu Christopher Davis na Elin McCready na-ele "nkwado a na-akwado" nke ndị ikom trans dị ka ịgọnarị ụlọ ọrụ ha na-ekiri onwe ha, ma na-atụ aro na ọ bụ trans-exclusionary "n  'ihi na ọ na-ụzọ dị nnọọ udi nke 'trans man ' . <ref name="Davis and McCready">{{Cite journal|title=The Instability of Slurs|date=4 March 2020|author=Davis|first=Christopher|journal=[[Grazer Philosophische Studien]]|volume=97|pages=63–85|doi=10.1163/18756735-09701005}}</ref> == "TERF Island" == [[Usòrò:Anti-Transphobia_Sticker_(52710624598)_(cropped).jpg|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb| Ihe mmado mgbochi TERF na United Kingdom]] Ụfọdụ ndị na-enwe mmetụta na-ezo aka na United Kingdom, na-emekarị n'ụdị njakịrị ma ọ bụ n'ịkpọtụ, dị ka "TERF Island".  [1] Aha ahụ na-ezo aka mgba na mmegide nwoke na ekere na-akpa ike na okwu trans bụ ndị ama na omenala na United Kingdom ma e jiri ya mere United States ma ọ bụ ebe ndị ọzọ.  [2] [3] N' akwụkwọ ha nke 2024 nke na-atụ egwu Gender?  , ọkà ihe ọmụmụ Judith Butler na-eche echiche a, ya na-eme ihe mere eme nke nwoke na nwanyị UK. <ref>{{Cite book|author=Butler|first=Judith|title=Who's Afraid of Gender?|date=2024|publisher=Penguin Random House UK|isbn=978-0-241-59582-4|location=London|chapter=TERFs and British Matters of Sex|quote=While other regions of the world are producing strong coalitions, like Ni Una Menos in Argentina, which includes trans, feminist, and LGBTQIA+ groups opposed to racism, extractivism, and capitalist structures of debt, financial terror, and economic inequality, the situation in the United Kingdom exemplifies radical division and opposition, efforts to shut down gender studies programs, and associate scholars in the field of gender studies with scenes of abuse.}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=This Ideology Threatens Our Fundamental Freedoms &#124; Judith Butler Meets Ash Sarkar|url=https://novaramedia.com/2024/03/31/this-ideology-threatens-our-fundamental-freedoms-judith-butler-meets-ash-sarkar/|work=Novara Media|quote=[Butler's] new book, ''Who’s Afraid of Gender'' charts how a transphobic moral panic morphed into an all-our war on so-called ‘gender ideology’. Together, Ash and Judith explore how Britain became TERF island, the limits of self-identification, and what really defines a woman.}}</ref> == Hụkwa == * Mgbochi mmegide nwoke na nwanyị * Ozizi nwanyị * Echiche ndị nwanyị na isiokwu transgender * Mkpa nwoke na nwanyị * Ikpochapụ Lesbian n'ihe gbasara ụmụ nwanyị transgender * Echiche ụmụ nwanyị na-egbuke egbuke na isiokwu transgender * Feminism na-emeghachi omume * Ihe owuwu mmekọrịta nke okike * SWERF * Transmisogyny * Womenmụ nwanyị mụrụ == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * The dictionary definition of TERF at Wiktionary * Quotations related to Trans exclusionary radical feminism at Wikiquote 1j6aglmzmucz2rr6dktgn5xib0gebe9 0 52709 644309 189644 2026-05-30T20:50:33Z Geraldine Kene 23189 Fixed reference error 644309 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Yvonne Alix Hackenbroch''' (1912-2012), bụ onye nlekọta ihe ngosi nka nke Britain na onye ọkọ akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ọla. == Oge ọ malitere == A mụrụ Yvonne Alix Hackenbroch na Frankfurt am Main, Germany, na 27 Eprel 1912, nke abụọ n'ime ụmụ nwanyị atọ nke onye na-ere ihe nka Zacharias Max Hackenbroch (1884–1937) na nwunye ya, Clementine Hackenbroch, née Schwarzschild (1888–1984) sitere na onye na-ere ihe nka Selig Goldschmidt . Mgbe ọ ka bụ nwatakịrị, Hackenbroch maara French, Bekee, German, na Italian nke ọma.<ref name="dictionaryofarthistorians.org" /> Hackenbroch gụrụ akwụkwọ na Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, wee nweta akara ugo mmụta mahadum na doctorate, ma na akụkọ ihe mere eme nke nka. Ọ bụ onye Juu ikpeazụ nwetara PhD n'ebe ahụ tupu Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ, na Disemba 1936. <ref name="ODNB" /> == Ọrụ == Mgbe ọ bịarutere London, Hackenbroch sonyeere ndị ọrụ na British Museum n'oge na-adịghị anya, ma bụrụ otu n'ime ndị gwupụtara ma depụta akụ Sutton Hoo.<ref name="telegraph.co.uk" /> Ọ bụ onye ndụmọdụ ọla na ihe nkiri Henry V nke afọ 1944, nke Laurence Olivier gbara.<ref name="telegraph.co.uk" /> Site na 1946 ruo 1949, Hackenbroch hiwere isi na Toronto, Canada, n'ihi ikike nke gọọmentị UK, iji nye ndụmọdụ ọkachamara na nka Lee Collection of Renaissance nke Arthur Lee, 1st Viscount Lee nke Fareham nyere Canada, iji kelee obodo ahụ nkwado ya nke Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ.<ref name="telegraph.co.uk">{{Cite web|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/9553893/Yvonne-Hackenbroch.html|title=Yvonne Hackenbroch|date=19 September 2012|publisher=The Daily Telegraph|accessdate=27 November 2017}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/9553893/Yvonne-Hackenbroch.html "Yvonne Hackenbroch"]. The Daily Telegraph. 19 September 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 November</span> 2017</span> &#x2013; via www.telegraph.co.uk.</cite></ref><ref name="dictionaryofarthistorians.org">{{Cite web|url=http://arthistorians.info/hackenbrochy|title=Dictionary of Art Historians|work=arthistorians.info|accessdate=27 November 2017}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[http://arthistorians.info/hackenbrochy "Dictionary of Art Historians"]. ''arthistorians.info''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 November</span> 2017</span>.</cite></ref> N'ihe dị ka n'afọ 1949, ọ kwagara na Metropolitan Museum of Art dị na New York iji depụta "nchịkọta nka dị ukwuu" nke Irwin Untermyer. Nke a mere ka Hackenbroch na Thames & Hudson bipụta akwụkwọ asaa, na-ekpuchi ọlaọcha oge ochie, ọla nchara, arịa, agịga na oche.<ref name="ODNB" /> Ọ sonyeere Metropolitan Museum of Art dị ka onye nlekọta, ọkachamara na Renaissance Art, ma mesịa ghọọ nwa amaala America.<ref name="ODNB" /><ref name="dictionaryofarthistorians.org">{{Cite web|url=http://arthistorians.info/hackenbrochy|title=Dictionary of Art Historians|work=arthistorians.info|accessdate=27 November 2017}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[http://arthistorians.info/hackenbrochy "Dictionary of Art Historians"]. ''arthistorians.info''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 November</span> 2017</span>.</cite></ref> == Ndụ onwe onye == Hackenbroch alụghị di. Ọ nwụrụ na 7 Septemba 2012, n'ụlọ ya na 31 Hyde Park Gardens, Bayswater, London, ọnwa anọ mgbe o mechara emume 100th ya.<ref name="ODNB" /> == Akwụkwọ ndị a họọrọ == * Nkume Renaissance (1979) == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}} kl54lusabvsjb2vbdwe6c2ja0a9o3a1 644554 644309 2026-05-31T06:59:12Z Geraldine Kene 23189 Fixed reference error 644554 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Yvonne Alix Hackenbroch''' (1912-2012), bụ onye nlekọta ihe ngosi nka nke Britain na onye ọkọ akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ọla. == Oge ọ malitere == A mụrụ Yvonne Alix Hackenbroch na Frankfurt am Main, Germany, na 27 Eprel 1912, nke abụọ n'ime ụmụ nwanyị atọ nke onye na-ere ihe nka Zacharias Max Hackenbroch (1884–1937) na nwunye ya, Clementine Hackenbroch, née Schwarzschild (1888–1984) sitere na onye na-ere ihe nka Selig Goldschmidt . Mgbe ọ ka bụ nwatakịrị, Hackenbroch maara French, Bekee, German, na Italian nke ọma.<ref name="dictionaryofarthistorians.org" /> Hackenbroch gụrụ akwụkwọ na Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, wee nweta akara ugo mmụta mahadum na doctorate, ma na akụkọ ihe mere eme nke nka. Ọ bụ onye Juu ikpeazụ nwetara PhD n'ebe ahụ tupu Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ, na Disemba 1936. <ref name="ODNB">{{cite ODNB|last1=Philips |first1=Anthony |title=Oxford Dictionary of National Biography |chapter=Hackenbroch, Yvonne Alix (1912–2012), museum curator and historian of jewellery |chapter-url=http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/10.1093/ref:odnb/9780198614128.001.0001/odnb-9780198614128-e-105549 |year=2016 |publisher=OUP |doi=10.1093/ref:odnb/105549 |isbn=978-0-19-861412-8 |access-date=26 November 2017}}</ref> == Ọrụ == Mgbe ọ bịarutere London, Hackenbroch sonyeere ndị ọrụ na British Museum n'oge na-adịghị anya, ma bụrụ otu n'ime ndị gwupụtara ma depụta akụ Sutton Hoo.<ref name="telegraph.co.uk" /> Ọ bụ onye ndụmọdụ ọla na ihe nkiri Henry V nke afọ 1944, nke Laurence Olivier gbara.<ref name="telegraph.co.uk" /> Site na 1946 ruo 1949, Hackenbroch hiwere isi na Toronto, Canada, n'ihi ikike nke gọọmentị UK, iji nye ndụmọdụ ọkachamara na nka Lee Collection of Renaissance nke Arthur Lee, 1st Viscount Lee nke Fareham nyere Canada, iji kelee obodo ahụ nkwado ya nke Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ.<ref name="telegraph.co.uk">{{Cite web|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/9553893/Yvonne-Hackenbroch.html|title=Yvonne Hackenbroch|date=19 September 2012|publisher=The Daily Telegraph|accessdate=27 November 2017}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/9553893/Yvonne-Hackenbroch.html "Yvonne Hackenbroch"]. The Daily Telegraph. 19 September 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 November</span> 2017</span> &#x2013; via www.telegraph.co.uk.</cite></ref><ref name="dictionaryofarthistorians.org">{{Cite web|url=http://arthistorians.info/hackenbrochy|title=Dictionary of Art Historians|work=arthistorians.info|accessdate=27 November 2017}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[http://arthistorians.info/hackenbrochy "Dictionary of Art Historians"]. ''arthistorians.info''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 November</span> 2017</span>.</cite></ref> N'ihe dị ka n'afọ 1949, ọ kwagara na Metropolitan Museum of Art dị na New York iji depụta "nchịkọta nka dị ukwuu" nke Irwin Untermyer. Nke a mere ka Hackenbroch na Thames & Hudson bipụta akwụkwọ asaa, na-ekpuchi ọlaọcha oge ochie, ọla nchara, arịa, agịga na oche.<ref name="ODNB" /> Ọ sonyeere Metropolitan Museum of Art dị ka onye nlekọta, ọkachamara na Renaissance Art, ma mesịa ghọọ nwa amaala America.<ref name="ODNB" /><ref name="dictionaryofarthistorians.org">{{Cite web|url=http://arthistorians.info/hackenbrochy|title=Dictionary of Art Historians|work=arthistorians.info|accessdate=27 November 2017}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[http://arthistorians.info/hackenbrochy "Dictionary of Art Historians"]. ''arthistorians.info''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 November</span> 2017</span>.</cite></ref> == Ndụ onwe onye == Hackenbroch alụghị di. Ọ nwụrụ na 7 Septemba 2012, n'ụlọ ya na 31 Hyde Park Gardens, Bayswater, London, ọnwa anọ mgbe o mechara emume 100th ya.<ref name="ODNB" /> == Akwụkwọ ndị a họọrọ == * Nkume Renaissance (1979) == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}} 24ua8pds5tzmviusw9xn8yaceix0jw7 0 52720 644407 213490 2026-05-30T23:13:15Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 644407 wikitext text/x-wiki   Ihe onyonyo onyonyo nke Kohistan bụ ikpe igbu ọchụ nke mere na Mee 2012 na Palas Valley, Kohistan, Pakistan. Ọ gụnyere nkwanye ùgwù igbu ụmụ agbọghọ ise, ndị ihe onyonyo pụtara na ịntanetị. Vidio ahụ gosiri otu nwoke na-agba egwu ebe ụmụ agbọghọ anọ na-akụ aka ma na-abụ abụ. A na-azọrọ na, mgbe ihe nkiri ahụ pụtara n'ihu ọha, e mere jirga agbụrụ n'oge na-adịghị anya mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị ebe e kpebiri na a ga-egbu ndị sonyere na nwata nwoke ahụ mere vidio ahụ. Afzal Kohistani, nwanne nwoke nke okenye nke ụmụ nwoke abụọ ahụ tinyere aka na vidiyo ahụ, megidere ọdịnala agbụrụ obodo wee weta okwu ahụ n'ihu obodo; buru ụzọ rịọ maka nchebe ndị sonyere wee mechaa kwuo na e gbuola ụmụ agbọghọ nọ na vidiyo ahụ.[1] Kohistani gbara mkpọsa ihe karịrị afọ asaa iji debe ikpe ahụ n'ihu ọha ruo mgbe e gburu ya na Machị 2019. Na Septemba 2019, a mara ụmụ nwoke atọ ikpe igbu mmadụ atọ n'ime ụmụ agbọghọ ahụ na vidiyo ahụ wee tụọ mkpọrọ ndụ. Ọnọdụ nwa agbọghọ nke anọ na nke ise ka ekwenyebeghị.<ref name="BBC 5 Sept" /> == Ihe omume == === Vidio ahụ === Ụmụ agbọghọ anọ - Bazeegha, Sereen Jan, Begum Jan na Amina - ka a hụrụ ka ha na-akụ aka ma na-abụ abụ; nwa agbọghọ nke ise, Shaheen, nọkwa ebe ahụ mana ọ pụtaghị na vidiyo ahụ. N'otu agba ọzọ, a hụrụ otu nwoke ka ọ na-agba egwu, ebe nwoke nke abụọ na-edekọ ma ya na ụmụ agbọghọ.[1] A kọrọ na eserese vidiyo a na-eme ememe agbamakwụkwọ na mpaghara Kohistan dịpụrụ adịpụ na nke siri ike, ebe ndị jirga ebo na-akwado ọdịnala ọdịnala na enweghị usoro mmanye iwu siri ike. N’ọnwa Mee 2012, e wepụrụ ihe onyonyo a n’Ịntanet, ebe ụmụ agbọghọ na ụmụ nwoke si n’agbụrụ dị iche iche, ndị ebo dị iche iche kpọbatara otu jirga ebe e kpebiri na e kwesịrị igbu ndị so ya, n’ihi na a na-ewerekarị imekọ ihe ọnụ n’etiti agbụrụ dị ka ihe a machibidoro iwu.<ref name="Hashim AJ">{{Cite news|author=Hashim|first=Asad|title=How a Pakistani whistle-blower was killed for 'honour'|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/features/pakistani-whistle-blower-killed-honour-190325122640231.html|work=www.aljazeera.com|date=26 Mar 2019}}</ref> === Nnyocha na mkpebi ikpe === Ihe omume a ruru mgbasa ozi obodo na June 2012 mgbe Afzal Kohistani, nwanne nwoke nke okenye nke ụmụ nwoke jikọtara na vidiyo ahụ, boro ebubo na egburu ụmụ agbọghọ ndị ahụ na iwu nke ebo Azadkhel. Ndị ọrụ gọọmentị gọnarịrị na nke a mere ma kwuo na ụmụ agbọghọ ahụ dị ndụ. Achụpụrụ ikpe ahụ mgbe ndị na-akwado ikike na ndị ọrụ gọọmentị mere njem abụọ n'ime ime obodo iji zute ụmụ agbọghọ ahụ, dịka Ụlọikpe Kasị Elu nke Pakistan nyere iwu, ma kwenye na mbụ na ọ dịkarịa ala anọ n'ime ụmụ agbọghọ ahụ dị ndụ.[1] [2] [3] Dr Farzana Bari, onye na-akwado ikike ụmụ nwanyị nke mere njem abụọ ahụ iji zute ụmụ agbọghọ ahụ, kwenye na mbụ na nkwubi okwu ahụ[1] mana emesia wepụta nkwenye ya. <ref name="Herald Dawn" /> N'ịzaghachi mmechi nke ikpe ahụ, Afzal Kohistani kwusiri ike na e gosipụtara ndị aghụghọ na ndị otu nyocha ahụ nakwa na ezigbo ụmụ agbọghọ ahụ anwụọla.<ref name="Dawn1">{{Cite news|title=Four Kohistan women alive, says Farzana Bari|url=https://www.dawn.com/news/724649|work=DAWN.COM|date=7 June 2012|language=en}}</ref> O tinyere akwụkwọ iji meghee ikpe ahụ nke mere ka atọ n'ime ụmụnne ya ndị nwoke nwụọ.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Bhatti|first=Haseeb|title=Girls in 2011 Kohistan video were killed, Supreme Court told|url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1455038|work=DAWN.COM|date=2 January 2019|language=en}}</ref> N'abalị asatọ n'ọnwa Febụwarị n'afọ 2014, onye bụbu onye otu ndị omeiwu nke Khyber Pakhtunkhwa si Kohistan, kwuru n'ihu ọha na e gburu ụmụ agbọghọ anọ ahụ a hụrụ na vidiyo ahụ ma nke a kpaliri Afzal Kohistani itinye akwụkwọ ọzọ maka ka e mepụta ụmụ agbọghọ ahụ n'ụlọ ikpe. Mgbe a jụrụ nke a, ọ kpọgara ya n'Ụlọikpe Kasị Elu ebe, na Nọvemba 2016, e nyere iwu ka e nye ya ọrụ ọzọ.<ref name="Herald Dawn"/>Onye ọka iwu na-agbachitere ya kwuru na enweghị ike ịkpọta ụmụ agbọghọ ahụ n'ihu kọmitii ahụ n'ihi mmachi agbụrụ na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ihe ùgwù na ihere. Onye ọka ikpe Ejaz Afzal jụrụ arụmụka ahụ ma zigara onye ọka ikpe, Shoaib Khan, na ndị ọrụ ndị ọzọ ka ha zute ụmụ agbọghọ ahụ. Ụmụ agbọghọ anọ pụtara n'ihu ha n'ụzọ kwesịrị ekwesị ma hụ enweghị nkwekọrịta n'ihe gbasara afọ nke ụmụ agbọghọ ahụ mepụtara na ndị pụtara na vidiyo ahụ afọ ise tupu mgbe ahụ.<ref name="Herald Dawn" /> N'ihe gbasara Amina, akụkọ nke kọmitii ahụ nyere ụlọ ikpe kachasị elu kwuru, sị:   A chọtara ọdịiche yiri nke ahụ n'ọnọdụ ọ bụla.<ref name="Herald Dawn"/> Farzana Bari mere nkwupụta ọhụrụ n'ụlọ ikpe na-ekwughachi nchegbu mbụ ya na ụmụ agbọghọ ahụ a hụrụ na vidiyo ahụ abụghị ndị e gosipụtara n'ihu kọmitii ahụ. O kwuru, sị:   N'ọnwa Ọgọstụ 2018, site n'iwu nke Ụlọikpe Kasị Elu, ndị uwe ojii Kohistan debanyere aha Akụkọ ozi mbụ maka igbu ụmụ agbọghọ ise metụtara vidiyo ahụ. N'ọnwa Disemba afọ 2018, nyocha ahụ chọpụtara na mmadụ abụọ n'ime mmadụ ise e gburu egbu dị ndụ <ref>{{Cite news|author=|first=|title=Police claim two of Kohistan honour killing victims alive|url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1449251|work=[[Dawn (newspaper)|Dawn]]|date=4 December 2018|language=en}}</ref> nakwa na atọ n'ime ụmụ agbọghọ ahụ - Siran Jan, Begum Jan na Bazeegha - egbuola n'ezie. <ref name="Herald Dawn">{{Cite news|author=Dastageer|first=Ghulam|title=The bloodied aftermath of a viral video|url=https://herald.dawn.com/news/1398895|work=Herald Magazine|date=4 June 2019|language=en}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFDastageer2019">Dastageer, Ghulam (4 June 2019). </cite></ref> == Afzal Kohistani == Afzal Kohistani, onye agbụrụ Salehkhel si na Kolai-Palas District, bụ otu n'ime ụmụ asatọ. Ezinụlọ ahụ biri ndụ ntụsara ahụ ma bụrụ ndị a na-akwanyere ùgwù nke ọma n'ime obodo Gadaar. N'oge dị iche iche, Afzal na-arụ ọrụ na ụlọ ahịa ịkwa ákwà, na-arụkọ ọrụ maka onye ọka iwu ma na-ere mmanụ aṅụ, ma na-amụ iwu n'oge ezumike ya. N'afọ 2010, ya na nwunye ya na ụmụnne ya abụọ, Bin Yasir na Gul Nazar, bi na Mansehra. N'oge a, Yasir na Nazar laghachiri n'obodo ezinụlọ nke Gadaar, nke bụ ebe e mechara mee vidio ahụ. Mgbe vidiyo ahụ gbasara, e jidere Yasir na Nazar; abụọ n'ime ụmụnne ha nwoke na ezinụlọ ndị ọzọ sitere n'ebo Salehkhel hapụrụ Gadaar wee kwaga Allai, ebe a na-enye ha nchebe n'aka agbụrụ Azadkhel, bụ ndị ụmụ agbọghọ ahụ nọ na vidiyo ahụ. N'adịghị ka ịgbaso ọdịnala agbụrụ, Afzal gbalịrị igbochi ikpe nke jirga. Mgbe nke ahụ kụrụ afọ n'ala, ọ gakwuuru ndị mgbasa ozi ma kpụpụ ikpe ugboro ugboro iji gosipụta na igbu ọchụ ahụ mere.<ref name="Herald Dawn"/> N'ihi ya, e gburu atọ n'ime ụmụnne Afzal, ndị fọdụrụ na Gadaar, na Jenụwarị 2013 ma gbaa ụlọ Afzal ọkụ. <ref>{{Cite news|title=Kohistan video case: Relatives of three slain brothers stage protest|url=https://tribune.com.pk/story/491347/kohistan-video-case-relatives-of-three-slain-brothers-stage-protest|work=The Express Tribune|date=8 January 2013|language=en}}</ref><ref name="BBC 5 Sept">{{Cite news|title=Three given life in 'honour killings' blood feud|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-49592540|work=BBC News|date=5 September 2019}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-49592540 "Three given life in 'honour killings' blood feud"]. </cite></ref> Na 6 Machị 2019, a gbagburu ya na Abbottabad, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa . <ref>{{Cite news|title=Anger over 'honour killing' activist murder|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-47497096|publisher=BBC|date=8 March 2019}}</ref><ref name="BBC 7 Mar" /> == Nkwenye == Na Jenụwarị 2014, a mara ndị ikom isii sitere n'ebo Azadkhel ikpe maka igbu ụmụnne atọ Afzal Kohistani. A mara otu ikpe ọnwụ ma maa mmadụ ise ndị ọzọ ikpe ịga mkpọrọ afọ 25, ha niile bụ ndị ikwu ụmụ agbọghọ ahụ site na vidiyo ahụ. A tọhapụrụ mmadụ isii ndị ọzọ, gụnyere onyeisi jirga nke e kwuru na ọ nyere iwu igbu ọchụ mbụ.<ref name="ExpressT">{{Cite news|title=6 convicted for carrying out jirga orders|url=https://tribune.com.pk/story/665707/6-convicted-for-carrying-out-jirga-orders|work=The Express Tribune|date=30 January 2014|language=en}}</ref> N'afọ 2017, ụlọ ikpe dị elu kagburu ikpe ndị ikom isii ahụ.<ref name="BBC 7 Mar">{{Cite news|title='Honour killing' whistleblower shot dead|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-47480597|work=BBC News|date=7 March 2019}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-47480597 "'Honour killing' whistleblower shot dead"]. </cite></ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Mukhtasir & 5 others. Vs. The State & Bin Yamin. - Judgment|url=https://www.peshawarhighcourt.gov.pk/PHCCMS/judgments/Cr.-A-NO.-14-of-2014-etc-%26-MR-No.04-of-2014%2C-Mukhtasir--Vs-the-State.pdf|work=www.peshawarhighcourt.gov.pk|date=28 March 2017|accessdate=5 October 2024|archivedate=27 November 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211127051004/https://www.peshawarhighcourt.gov.pk/PHCCMS/judgments/Cr.-A-NO.-14-of-2014-etc-%26-MR-No.04-of-2014%2C-Mukhtasir--Vs-the-State.pdf}}</ref> Na Septemba 2019, a mara nna Bazeegha, nna Sereen Jan na nwanne Begum Jan ikpe maka igbu ọchụ ma maa ya ikpe ịga mkpọrọ ndụ ya niile. A tọhapụrụ mmadụ ise ndị ọzọ.<ref>{{Cite news|title=3 men sentenced to life imprisonment in 2012 Kohistan video scandal case|url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1503687|work=DAWN.COM|date=5 September 2019|language=en}}</ref><ref name="BBC 5 Sept"/> == Hụkwa == * Ogbugbu nsọpụrụ na Pakistan: * Qandeel Baloch * Nkume a tụrụ Farzana Parveen * Samia Sarwar * Ọnwụ Samia Shahid * Ayman Udas  == Ebem si dee == [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 603bcah3cacbvvhqpfy31vussrf3cq3 0 52773 644416 189729 2026-05-30T23:35:50Z Iwuala chisom 17246 Fixed reference errors 644416 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}  '''Susan "Suzie" Miller''' (amụrụ 1963 ma ọ bụ 1964 ) bụ onye odee egwuregwu n'Australia, onye na-agụ akwụkwọ, onye na-ede ihe nkiri na onye ọka iwu . O deela ihe karịrị egwuregwu 40, nke mbụ bịara mara na 2008 maka ''obi abụọ nwere ezi uche'', nke malitere na Edinburgh Festival Fringe . Egwuregwu ya kacha mara amara bụ ''Prima Facie'', nke emere na West End ihe nkiri na [[London]] nke [[Jodie Comer]] na-eme na Eprel 2022, mmepụta nke meriri onyinye abụọ Olivier Awards, afọ atọ ka ọ gbasịrị ọsọ nke ọma na Sydney na 2019. == Ndụ mmalite na agụmakwụkwọ == Susan Miller mụrụ na Melbourne, Australia, na 1963 ma ọ bụ 1964 . Ọ nọ ezigbo nso nne ya, Elaine nwụrụ na Mee 2019. Ezinụlọ ya bụ nnukwu ezinụlọ ndị Katọlik na-arụ ọrụ, ma o tolitere na St Kilda, mpaghara dịpụrụ adịpụ nke nwere ọtụtụ ndị kwabatara. Ọ gara ụlọ akwụkwọ ndị Katọlik dị n'ógbè ahụ, bụ́ ebe ọtụtụ n'ime ụmụaka ahụ bụ ndị Ịtali, Grik, ndị Mauritius, na ndị India. Otu n'ime nne nne ya bụ onye na-eme ihe nkiri na ihe nkiri egwu na onye na-egwu piano na ihe nkiri nkịtị . <ref name="reich2023">{{Cite web|author=Reich|first=Hannah|title=Suzie Miller's Olivier Award-winning play about sexual assault, Prima Facie, has far-reaching impact for legal systems|work=ABC News|date=16 June 2023|url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2023-06-17/suzie-miller-australian-playwright-prima-facie-jailbaby/102450532|accessdate=24 September 2024}}</ref> O kwuwo na n'ozuzu UK na Europe na-akwado ndị edemede karịa Australia (ọ bụ ezie na ụfọdụ ndị na-eme ihe nkiri London, ha na-ahụ ndị Australia dị ka " ịkpa ókè agbụrụ na ndị na-ezighị ezi "na" echela na Australia nwere ezigbo omenala nka ). . Ndị Belvoir na Sydney jụrụ egwuregwu 2008 ''Reasonable Doubt'' mana ọ gara n'ihu bụrụ ihe egwu na Edinburgh Fringe na [[New York City|New York]] . <ref name="SMH"/> <ref name="blake2023">{{cite interview |interviewer-last=Blake |interviewer-first=Elissa |first=Suzie| last=Miller|title=Suzie Miller on Prima Facie and her Olivier win: 'London theatre circles see Australia as the daggy cousin' |website=the Guardian |date=27 April 2023 |url=https://www.theguardian.com/stage/2023/apr/27/suzie-miller-on-prima-facie-and-her-olivier-win-london-theatre-circles-see-australia-as-the-daggy-cousin |access-date=23 September 2024}}</ref> === Dị ka onye na-ede egwuregwu oge niile === Mgbe ọ nọrọ ọtụtụ afọ ide ihe na-egwuri egwu nwa oge ka ọ na-aga n'ihu na-arụ ọrụ dị ka onye ọka iwu, na 2009, e nyere ya ọrụ dị ka onye ọka iwu na ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ n'otu oge na-enye ya obibi otu afọ na Royal National Theatre na [[London]] . O kpebiri ịghọ onye na-ede egwuregwu oge nile n'oge a. Ụmụ ya abụọ nọ na ụlọ akwụkwọ praịmarị n'oge ahụ, di ya bụ onye QC mgbe ahụ ma ọ chọghị ịkwaga, mana ha gbaziri ụlọ Sydney ha ma kwaga London na 2010. Ọ gara n'ihu na-efegharị azụ na-aga maka ọrụ. Mgbe ezinụlọ ahụ laghachiri na Sydney, Miller na-efega London kwa ọnwa ole na ole iji rụọ ọrụ na egwuregwu ya. <ref name="SMH">{{Cite news|author=Wheatley|first=Jane|date=2022-04-08|title=The Aussie lawyer turned playwright making a West End debut – with a megastar lead|url=https://www.smh.com.au/national/the-aussie-lawyer-turned-playwright-making-a-west-end-debut-with-a-megastar-lead-20220304-p5a1q8.html|accessdate=2023-06-28|work=[[The Sydney Morning Herald]]}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFWheatley2022">Wheatley, Jane (8 April 2022). [https://www.smh.com.au/national/the-aussie-lawyer-turned-playwright-making-a-west-end-debut-with-a-megastar-lead-20220304-p5a1q8.html "The Aussie lawyer turned playwright making a West End debut – with a megastar lead"]. ''[[Akwụkwọ akụkọ Sydney Morning Herald|The Sydney Morning Herald]]''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 June</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> A bịara mara ya nke ọma na ''Prima Facie'', okwu iwu pụtara "n'anya mbụ", <ref>{{Cite web|title=prima facie|url=https://dictionary.cambridge.org/us/dictionary/english/prima-facie|work=Cambridge Dictionary|publisher=Cambridge University Press|accessdate=24 September 2024}}</ref> ma ọ bụ "dabere na echiche mbụ". <ref>{{Cite journal|author=Reamer|first=Frederic G.|title=Prima Facie and Actual Moral Duties in Social Work|journal=Social Work Today|date=November 2014|url=https://www.socialworktoday.com/news/eoe_111014.shtml}}</ref> [lower-alpha 1] == Ihe omume ndị ọzọ == Miller bụ onye otu PEN International, otu òtù ndị ruuru mmadụ na-anọchite anya ndị edemede na mba ebe a na-ata ha ahụhụ maka ikwu okwu. Ọ bụ onye so na kọmitii ihe nkiri nke Australian Writer' Guild nakwa na bọọdụ nke ụlọ ọrụ ihe nkiri dị iche iche. <ref name="aptprof">{{Cite web|title=Author: Suzie Miller|work=Australian Plays Transform|date=23 September 2024|url=https://apt.org.au/author/?authorinfoid=185|accessdate=23 September 2024}}</ref> <ref name="hla">{{Cite web|title=Suzie Miller|work=HLA Management Australia|date=27 July 2023|url=https://www.hlamgt.com.au/client/suzie-miller/|accessdate=23 September 2024}}</ref> Na 2010, ọ nọ na bọọdụ steeti Play yana PlayWriting Australia, ma bụrụ onye otu na bọọdụ ndụmọdụ nka nka nke ụlọ ọrụ ihe nkiri Royal Sydney na Inscription. <ref name="rgm2010">{{Cite web|url=http://www.rgm.com.au:80/suziemiller_lit.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100920082834/http://www.rgm.com.au:80/suziemiller_lit.html|archivedate=20 September 2010|work=RGM Managment|title=Suzie Miller}}</ref> == Ihe odide ala ala peeji == . == Ntụaka == {{Reflist|30em}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 5hg1egmhqichacg2172ktk8vmoanoe0 0 52777 644011 189733 2026-05-30T13:40:25Z Iwuala chisom 17246 Fixed reference errors 644011 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}  '''Susanna White''' (amụrụ 1955 ma ọ bụ 1956 ) bụ onye isi ihe nkiri na ihe nkiri Britain. Ọ nọrọ afọ 12 na-eme akwụkwọ akụkọ maka BBC2, mana a maara nke ọma maka iduzi usoro obere usoro BBC ''Jane Eyre, HBO'' miniseries ''Generation Kill ,'' na usoro ''Disney+'' ''Star Wars'' ''Andor .'' O meriri otutu ihe nrite, tinyere otu BAFTA Television Award, ma nata otutu nhọpụta, gụnyere nhọpụta maka abụọ Primetime Emmy Awards na abụọ BAFTA Awards . == Ndụ mmalite na agụmakwụkwọ == Susanna White mụrụ na England na 1960 ma ọ bụ 1961 . O buru ụzọ nwee mmasị na fim mgbe ọ dị afọ asatọ wee gwa ndị mụrụ ya ka ha zụtara ya igwefoto ihe nkiri Super 8 . Otu akwụkwọ akụkọ na-akọ na o kwuru na mkpali sitere na mgbe ọ gara na set nke ihe nkiri TV ụmụaka BBC ''Crackerjack'', <ref name="independent"/> mana o dere na 2010 na ọ bụ mgbe nna ya kpọrọ ya ka ọ hụ ''Dọkịta Dolittle'' na Rex Harrison ka ọ jụrụ. maka igwefoto. <ref name="piano2010">{{Cite news|date=2010-03-21|title=Susanna White, film director|language=en-GB|work=The Guardian|url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/2010/mar/21/film-that-changed-my-life-susanna-white|accessdate=2023-04-08}}</ref> Ọ gụrụ Bekee na Mahadum Oxford, wee nweta akwụkwọ mmụta Fulbright iji mụọ ihe nkiri na UCLA . <ref name="independent">{{Cite web|title=Susanna White: From Jane Eyre to Generation Kill|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/tv/features/susanna-white-from-jane-eyre-to-generation-kill-1543474.html|archiveurl=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220525/https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/tv/features/susanna-white-from-jane-eyre-to-generation-kill-1543474.html|archivedate=2022-05-25|work=Independent|date=3 February 2009}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true"><span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required">[https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/tv/features/susanna-white-from-jane-eyre-to-generation-kill-1543474.html "Susanna White: From Jane Eyre to Generation Kill"]</span>. ''Independent''. 3 February 2009. [https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220525/https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/tv/features/susanna-white-from-jane-eyre-to-generation-kill-1543474.html Archived] from the original on 25 May 2022.</cite></ref> == Ọrụ == Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ, White nọrọ afọ 12 na-eme ihe nkiri maka BBC2 . N'afọ 1999, ọ meriri otu ebe na atụmatụ ọzụzụ BBC wee jụ ya maka nkuzi nkuzi onye isi ihe nkiri BBC. Na 2001, onye njikwa BBC2 bụ Jane Root kwadoro ya, bụ onye mere ka ọ dị mfe iji mee ihe nkiri na £ 200,000 mmefu ego ihe nkiri maka BBC2, ''Ịhụnanya Ọzọ'', banyere Philip Larkin . <ref>{{Cite web|author=Brown|first=Maggie|title=Parade's End director says sexism is still rife in drama world|url=https://www.theguardian.com/tv-and-radio/2012/sep/08/parades-end-sexism-drama-industry|work=The Guardian|date=8 September 2012}}</ref> O kwuru na 2010 na ọ na-ahụ ihe nkiri Jane Campion nke 1993 ''The Piano'' na sinima n'okporo ụzọ King nke kpaliri ya ịghọ onye na-emepụta ihe nkiri dị egwu karịa akwụkwọ akụkọ. <ref name="piano2010"/> == Ntụaka == nkuzi nkuzi onye isi ihe nkiri BBC. Na 2001, onye njikwa BBC2 bụ Jane Root kwadoro ya,{{Reflist}} [[Òtù:1960 births]] [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] emtfs71uce807tw4ujat24j8joecfd7 0 52808 644213 641784 2026-05-30T19:36:26Z Wikipedian12512(alt) 61413 ce 644213 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}  '''Erin Ashley Mackey''' (amuru June 19, 1986)<ref>{{Cite web|title=Erin Mackey – Broadway Cast & Staff|url=https://www.ibdb.com/broadway-cast-staff/erin-mackey-484720|work=IBDB|accessdate=February 22, 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|author=Vondersmith|first=Jason|title=Mackey no stranger to Glinda role in 'Wicked'|url=https://pamplinmedia.com/pt/11-features/434099-343766-mackey-no-stranger-to-glinda-role-in-wicked|accessdate=February 22, 2022|work=Pamplin Meida|date=July 22, 2019|language=en-us|quote=The Tribune caught up with Mackey, 33 and a native Southern Californian who now lives in [[New York City]], to chat about "Wicked" things and more}}</ref> bu onye omere omere na onye ọbụ abụ America, mara maka ịkpọ ọrụ Glinda na [[Chicago]], [[Los Angeles]], Broadway, na ihe nlegharị anya nke abụọ nke mba nke ''ajọ ajọ'' egwu. Ọ bụkwa onye okpukpu abụọ na 1998 <nowiki><i id="mwFg">The Parent Trap</i></nowiki> . == Ndụ na ọrụ == A mụrụ Mackey na Fullerton, [[California]] . Onye njikwa hụrụ ya na Fullerton Children's Repertory Theatre wee nye ohere ka ọ bụrụ ọkachamara na-enyocha ihe nkiri na TV. Nke mbụ ya bụ ''ọnyà nne na nna'' Disney . <ref name="orange">Hodgins, Paul.[https://www.ocregister.com/2008/06/13/erin-mackey-of-oc-having-a-wicked-good-time-2/ "Erin Mackey of O.C. having a 'Wicked' good time,"] ocregister.com, June 13, 2008,</ref> N'afọ 1999, ọ gbara Jenna na " Akpọrọ gị òkù na Mary-Kate &amp;amp; Ashley's Fashion Party ". Ọ meriri ihe nrite 2003 LA Music Center Spotlight maka olu na-abụghị nke klaasị. Na 2004, mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Fullerton Union High School, o kpebiri ịnọgide na-achụso mmasị ya maka ihe nkiri, ịga University Carnegie Mellon . <ref name="orange">Hodgins, Paul.[https://www.ocregister.com/2008/06/13/erin-mackey-of-oc-having-a-wicked-good-time-2/ "Erin Mackey of O.C. having a 'Wicked' good time,"] ocregister.com, June 13, 2008,</ref> Site na 2006 ruo 2010, ọ rụrụ ọrụ Glinda na mmepụta dị iche iche nke egwu ''ọjọọ'' . Mgbe ''ajọ omume'' gasịrị, ọ gbara egwu na egwu egwu Broadway ọhụrụ ''Sondheim na Sondheim'', nke malitere nlegharị anya na Studio 54 na Machị 19, 2010, wee meghee n'ihu ọha na Eprel 22. Ihe ngosi a kwụsịrị oke aka ya na June 27, 2010. <ref>[http://www.playbill.com/news/article/139222-Sondheim-on-Sondheim-Extends-Broadway-Run Sondheim on Sondheim Extends Broadway Run] Playbill.com</ref> A hụkwara ya na mmepụta ihe nkiri York Theater nke ''m Cheta Mama'', nke gbara October 8–10, 2010. <ref name="playbill-erin-mufti">{{Cite web|author=Gans|first=Andrew|title=Howard McGillin, George S. Irving, Erin Mackey and More Cast in Mufti I Remember Mama|url=https://www.playbill.com/article/howard-mcgillin-george-s-irving-erin-mackey-and-more-cast-in-mufti-i-remember-mama-com-172336|work=Playbill|accessdate=May 10, 2020|language=en|date=October 7, 2010|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101007120720/http://www.playbill.com/news/article/143582-Howard-McGillin-George-S-Irving-Erin-Mackey-and-More-Cast-in-Mufti-I-Remember-Mama|archivedate=October 7, 2010}}</ref> Na June 2011, Mackey rụrụ ọrụ Lucy Steele n'ịgụ [https://www.senseandsensibilitymusical.com/ egwu egwu ọhụrụ] dabere na Jane Austen 's ''Sense &amp;amp; Sensibility'' . <ref>[http://www.playbill.com/news/article/152160-Reading-of-Sense-Sensibility-Musical-Featured-Christiane-Noll-Sebastian-Arcelus-Brandi-Burkhardt Reading of Sense & Sensibility Musical Featured Christiane Noll, Sebastian Arcelus, Brandi Burkhardt] playbill.com </ref> Mackey nọchiri Laura Osnes dị ka Hope Harcourt na revival Broadway nke ''ihe ọ bụla na-aga'' na Septemba 13, 2011. Mackey malitere ọrụ Oona O'Neill na mmepụta Broadway 2012 nke ''Chaplin'' . <ref>[http://broadwayworld.com/article/Jenn-Colella-Michael-McCormick-Christiane-Noll-Join-Broadways-CHAPLIN--Full-Cast-Announced-20120711 Jenn Colella, Michael McCormick, Christiane Noll Join Broadway's CHAPLIN- Full Cast Announced!], broadwayworld.com, Retrieved May 6, 2013</ref> Ọ rụrụ ọrụ Christine na mmepụta 2013 Pittsburgh CLO nke ''Phantom'' . Ihe nkiri Mackey ndị ọzọ gụnyere Clara Johnson na 2014 South Coast Repertory Theatre mmepụta nke ''The Light in Piazza'', Johanna na New York Philharmonic 's March 2014 concert nke ''Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street'', <ref>[http://www.playbill.com/news/article/186510-Christian-Borle-Philip-Quast-Erin-Mackey-and-More-Join-NY-Philharmonics-Sweeney-Todd-with-Emma-Thompson-and-Bryn-Terfel Christian Borle, Philip Quast, Erin Mackey and More Join NY Philharmonic's Sweeney Todd with Emma Thompson and Bryn Terfel] ''Playbill''. Retrieved March 11, 2014</ref> na Ensign Nellie Forbush na 2014 Paper Mill Playhouse na 2020 Goodspeed Musicals nke ''South Pacific'' . <ref>[http://www.broadwayworld.com/article/Erin-Mackey-Jason-Howard-Loretta-Ables-Sayre-More-to-Star-in-Paper-Mill-Playhouses-SOUTH-PACIFIC-Full-Cast-Announced-20140311 Erin Mackey, Jason Howard, Loretta Ables Sayre & More to Star in Paper Mill Playhouse's SOUTH PACIFIC; Full Cast Announced] broadwayworld.com. Retrieved March 11, 2014</ref> <ref>[https://www.broadwayworld.com/article/Erin-Mackey-Branch-Fields-And-Loretta-Ables-Sayre-to-Lead-SOUTH-PACIFIC-at-Goodspeed-Musicals-20200311 Erin Mackey, Branch Fields And Loretta Ables Sayre to Lead SOUTH PACIFIC at Goodspeed Musicals] Browadway World, March 11, 2020</ref> Ọ gbara egwu dị ka Mary Catlett na mmalite ụwa nke egwu egwu, <nowiki><i id="mwYQ">Amazing Grace</i></nowiki> site na Ọktoba ruo Nọvemba 2014 na-arụ ọrụ ọ ga-emecha meghachi omume na Broadway. Site na Nọvemba 2016 ruo Eprel 2017, Mackey gbara egwu na Broadway na egwu cappella ''In Transit'' . <ref>Viagas, Robert. [http://www.playbill.com/article/telly-leung-justin-guarini-among-cast-of-a-cappella-broadway-musical-in-transit "Telly Leung, Justin Guarini Among Cast of A Cappella Broadway Musical 'In Transit'"] ''Playbill''. Retrieved August 30, 2016</ref> Ọ gbara Dot na Guthrie Theater 's 2017 nke ''Sunday na Park ya na George'' . <ref> BWW News Desk. [http://www.broadwayworld.com/article/Randy-Harrison-and-Erin-Mackey-to-Paint-a-Picture-in-Guthries-SUNDAY-IN-THE-PARK-WITH-GEORGE-20170502 "Randy Harrison and Erin Mackey to Paint a Picture in Guthrie's SUNDAY IN THE PARK WITH GEORGE"] Broadway World. Retrieved May 4, 2017</ref> Ọ gbara Grace Farrell na mmepụta ''Annie'' Playhouse nke Akwụkwọ . <ref> BWW News Desk. [https://www.broadwayworld.com/new-jersey/article/Photo-Coverage-The-Cast-of-Paper-Mill-Playhouses-ANNIE-Celebrate-Opening-Night-20171127 "Photo Coverage: The Cast of Paper Mill Playhouse's ANNIE Celebrate Opening Night"] Broadway World. Retrieved February 16, 2019</ref> Na Nọvemba 2022, ọ gbara egwu dị ka Oriakụ Phagan na ngosi ngosi ngosi ''Parade'' nke New York City Center . <ref> Rosky, Nicole. [https://www.broadwayworld.com/article/Jay-Armstrong-Johnson-Paul-Alexander-Nolan-Erin-Mackey-More-Join-New-York-City-Centers-PARADE-20221004 "Gaten Matarazzo, Jay Armstrong Johnson, Paul Alexander Nolan, Erin Mackey & More Join New York City Center's PARADE"] Broadway World. Retrieved October 8, 2022</ref> == Ntụaka == ọkachamara na-enyocha ihe nkiri na TV. Nke mbụ ya bụ ọnyà nne na nna Disney . [1] N'afọ 1999, ọ gbara Jenna na " Akpọrọ gị òkù na Mary-Kate{{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Mackey, Erin}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 0qdog0rmqwetaxkx2jkmnym7gx6qeop 0 52910 644439 189890 2026-05-31T00:09:05Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 644439 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox football club|clubname=Sparta Prague|image=AC-Sparta-LOGO2021.svg|image_size=160px|fullname=Athletic Club Sparta Praha Fotbal [[Joint-stock company#Czech Republic and Slovakia|a.s.]]|nickname=''Sparťanky''<br>(Spartan women)|founded={{Start date and years ago|1967|df=y}}|ground=[[Stadion SK Prosek]],<br />[[Prague]]<ref>{{cite news|url=https://sparta.cz/cs/clanek/spartanky-se-stehuji-na-strizkov-39783|title=Sparťanky se stěhují na Střížkov|website=[[AC Sparta Prague]]|date=11 August 2022|access-date=11 August 2022|language=cs}}</ref>|capacity=2,600 (1,000 seated)|chairman=[[Daniel Křetínský]]|manager=Pavol Gregora|league=[[Czech Women's First League]]|season=[[2023–24 Czech Women's First League|2023–24]]|position=2nd|website=https://sparta.cz/en/tymy/3-women-a/hraci|pattern_la1=_spraha2425h|pattern_b1=_spraha2425h|pattern_ra1=_spraha2425h|pattern_sh1=_lask2425h|pattern_so1=|pattern_la2=_spraha2425a|pattern_b2=_spraha2425a|pattern_ra2=_spraha2425a|pattern_sh2=_spraha2425a|pattern_so2=_color_3_stripes_gold|leftarm1=6E0303|body1=6E0303|rightarm1=6E0303|shorts1=FFFFFF|socks1=000000|leftarm2=FFFFFF|body2=FFFFFF|rightarm2=FFFFFF|shorts2=FFFFFF|socks2=FFFFFF|pattern_b3=_spraha130y|pattern_ra3=_spraha130y|pattern_la3=_spraha130y|pattern_sh3=_spraha130y|leftarm3=000000|body3=000000|rightarm3=000000|shorts3=000000|socks3=000000}}Akụkụ ụmụ nwanyị AC Sparta Praha bụ otu egwuregwu bọọlụ ụmụ nwanyị si Prague, Czech Republic. Ya na onye agbata obi ha bụ Slavia, Sparta na-achị otu egwuregwu mba ebe ha nwetagoro aha iri abụọ na otu n'ime iri atọ na otu ebe Slavia emeriela iri nke ọzọ. Ha esonyela na asọmpi UEFA ọtụtụ oge wee nweta nsonaazụ kacha mma na 2005-06 UEFA Women's Cup mgbe ha rutere na nkeji iri na ise, meriri Djurgården ihe karịrị ụkwụ abụọ..<ref>{{Cite news|first=Ladislav|author=Josef|url=http://www.uefa.com/womenschampionsleague/news/newsid=577240.html|title=Sparta show their strength|work=[[UEFA]]|date=4 October 2007|accessdate=27 June 2012}}</ref> Tupu oge 2024–25, a mara ọkwa na ndị egwuregwu Sparta ga-abụ ndị ọkachamara zuru oke na nke mbụ.. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Satrapová|first=Pavla|url=https://www.idnes.cz/fotbal/domaci-souteze/zensky-fotbal-pavla-satrapova-sparta-liga.A240814_144757_fot_dsouteze_malu|title=Chceme udávat trendy. Šéfka ženského týmu Sparty o profi režimu i posilách|language=cs|work=[[iDNES.cz]]|date=17 August 2024|accessdate=17 August 2024|publisher=[[Mafra (company)|Mafra]]}}</ref> == Nsọpụrụ == === Njikọ === '''Na Czechoslovakia''' * '''Ndị mmeri nke Czechoslovakia''' ** '''Ndị mmeri (12) ''': 1976, 1977, 1978, 1980, 1981, 1982, 1984, 1985, 1986, 1989, 1990, 1991 * '''Iko ụmụ nwanyị Czech''' ** '''Ndị mmeri (10) ''': 2008, 2009, 2010,<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.sparta.cz/novinky/zpravodajstvi/zeny/spartanky-ziskaly-double-11719.html|title=Sparťanky získaly double!|language=cs|work=AC Sparta Praha|date=26 June 2010|accessdate=2 September 2015}}</ref> 2011, 2012,<ref>{{Cite news|first=Eduard|author=Erben|url=http://aktualne.centrum.cz/sportplus/fotbal/domaci/fotogalerie/2012/05/02/ruda-masina-prejela-pernikare-tedy-pernikarky/|title=Prolog se Spartě podařil. Rudé ženy přejely perníkářky|language=cs|work=Aktualne.cz|publisher=[[Economia]]|date=2 May 2012|accessdate=12 September 2012}}</ref> 2013,<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.sparta.cz/novinky/zpravodajstvi/zeny/spartanky-udolaly-slavii-a-zvitezily-v-domacim-poharu-14472.html|title=Sparťanky udolaly Slavii a zvítězily v domácím poháru!|language=cs|work=AC Sparta Praha|date=17 May 2013|accessdate=15 August 2015}}</ref> 2015,<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.sparta.cz/novinky/zpravodajstvi/zeny/spartanky-ziskaly-pohar-16422.html|title=Sparťanky získaly pohár|language=cs|work=AC Sparta Praha|date=24 May 2015|accessdate=24 May 2015}}</ref> 2017,<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://zeny.fotbal.cz/finale-poharu-vyhraly-spartanky/a5636|title=Finále poháru vyhrály Sparťanky|language=cs|work=[[FAČR]]|date=21 May 2017|accessdate=21 May 2017}}</ref> 2018,<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://zeny.fotbal.cz/spartanky-obhajily-vyhru-v-poharu/a7842|title=Sparťanky obhájily výhru v poháru|language=cs|work=FAČR|date=19 May 2018|accessdate=19 May 2018}}</ref> 2019 <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://zeny.fotbal.cz/spartanky-porazily-ve-finale-poharu-slavii-na-penalty-a-slavi-double/a10344|title=Sparťanky porazily ve finále poháru Slavii na penalty a slaví double|language=cs|work=FAČR|date=25 May 2019|accessdate=25 May 2019}}</ref> === Ịkpọ òkù === * '''Egwuregwu ntì (1) ''': 1984 * '''Turbine Hallencup (1) ''': 2019<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.morgenpost.de/berlin/article216301807/Turbine-Potsdam-bei-eigenem-Hallenturnier-unter-Zugzwang.html|title=Turbine Potsdam unterliegt Prag erst im Finale|language=de|work=morgenpost.de|date=27 January 2019|accessdate=27 January 2019|archivedate=6 February 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200206202730/https://www.morgenpost.de/berlin/article216301807/Turbine-Potsdam-bei-eigenem-Hallenturnier-unter-Zugzwang.html}}</ref> == Ihe ndekọ Europe == * Petr Čechal * Filip Jašek '''Physiotherapist''' * Daniel Baťha * Adela Kynclová * Vuong Vu Quoc '''Onye nkuzi ahụike''' * Jan Petružela * Martin Čurda '''Ibu''' * Miroslav Český == Ndị njikwa == * František Müller * Dušan Žovinec (1988-2012) <ref name="zovinec">{{Cite web|url=https://sparta.cz/cs/clanek/dusan-zovinec-slavi-60-narozeniny-34030|title=Dušan Žovinec slaví 60. narozeniny|language=cs|work=AC Sparta Prague|date=9 September 2018|accessdate=8 May 2023}}</ref> * Luboš Žovinec (2012-2013) <ref name="zovinec" /> * Jan Podolák (July 2013 - October 2014) <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.tyden.cz/rubriky/sport/fotbal/sparta-vyhodila-trenera-prazanky-uz-nepovede-podolak_321544.html|title=Sparta vyhodila trenéra. Pražanky už nepovede Podolák|language=cs|work=tyden.cz|date=17 October 2014|accessdate=20 April 2021}}</ref> * Martin Šeran (Ọktoba 2014 - June 2015) <ref>{{Cite news|first=Jan|author=Suchan|url=https://www.irozhlas.cz/sport_fotbal/i-zensky-fotbal-ma-sveho-trenera-straku-nebudi-ale-tolik-emoci_201110131544_mvasic|title=I ženský fotbal má svého trenéra 'Straku'. Nebudí ale tolik emocí|language=cs|work=Irozhlas|date=13 October 2011|accessdate=20 April 2021}}</ref> * Jan Janota (July 2015 - March 2018) <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://sparta.cz/cs/clanek/jan-janota-konci-ve-funkci-trenera-zen-18944|title=Jan Janota končí ve funkci trenéra žen|language=cs|work=AC Sparta Prague|date=28 March 2018|accessdate=4 July 2020}}</ref> * Peter Bartalský (July 2018 - June 2020) <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ruik.cz/kdo-trenuje-tymy-v-1-ceske-lize-zen-ital-exreprezentanti-ci-legenda-liberce/|title=Kdo trénuje týmy v 1. české lize žen? Ital, exreprezentanti či legenda Liberce|language=cs|date=7 January 2020|accessdate=27 March 2020|work=Ruik.cz|archivedate=27 March 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200327205606/https://www.ruik.cz/kdo-trenuje-tymy-v-1-ceske-lize-zen-ital-exreprezentanti-ci-legenda-liberce/}}</ref> * Martin Masaryk (June 2020 - May 2023) <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://sparta.cz/cs/clanek/novy-trener-a-tymu-zen-martin-masaryk-36938|title=Nový trenér A-týmu žen: Martin Masaryk|language=cs|work=AC Sparta Prague|date=30 June 2020|accessdate=30 June 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://sparta.cz/cs/clanek/trener-martin-masaryk-konci-40887|title=Trenér Martin Masaryk končí|language=cs|work=AC Sparta Prague|date=4 May 2023|accessdate=4 May 2023}}</ref> * Anton Mišovec (May 2023 - September 2023) <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://sparta.cz/cs/clanek/zeny-povede-anton-misovec-40886|title=Ženy povede Anton Mišovec|language=cs|work=AC Sparta Prague|date=4 May 2023|accessdate=4 May 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.sport.cz/clanek/fotbal-u-fotbalistek-sparty-skoncil-po-prohranem-derby-trener-misovec-5012774|title=U fotbalistek Sparty skončil po prohraném derby trenér Mišovec|language=cs|work=Sport.cz|date=12 September 2023|accessdate=12 September 2023|publisher=Borgis}}</ref> * Pavol Gregora (November 2023 - ugbu a) <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://sparta.cz/cs/clanek/pavol-gregora-novym-trenerem-spartanek-41920|title=Pavol Gregora novým trenérem sparťanek|date=27 November 2023|work=[[AC Sparta Prague]]|language=cs|accessdate=27 November 2023}}</ref> == Ebem si dee == {{Reflist}} r4xg03adqoqvwocomrxw8vi6c5xc3hy 0 52950 644604 189931 2026-05-31T10:39:53Z ~2026-32314-82 62081 Fixed reference errors 644604 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Takiora Ingram bụ onye ndụmọdụ gọọmentị isi maka nchekwa mmiri sitere na Cook Islands.'''<ref name=":0" /> == Ndụ mbido == A mụrụ Ingram na Rarotonga . <ref name=":2" /> Nne ya bụ Poko Ingram, onye bụ nwanyị mbụ a họpụtara na Nzukọ Ndị Ome Iwu nke Cook Islands na 1961. <ref name=":1" /> Ọ gụsịrị B.A. na Anthropology, na High Honors, na M.A. n'Urban and Regional Planning na Mahadum nke Hawaii'i . <ref name=":0" /> N'afọ 1990, ọ gụsịrị Ph.D. na Mahadum Massey, New Zealand, na njikwa azụmahịa na iwu ọha.<ref name=":1" /> Ngātata Love, Tony Vitalis na Rae Weston lekọtara akwụkwọ edemede ya.<ref name=":3">{{Cite thesis |title=Indigenous entrepreneurship and tourism development in the Cook Islands and Fiji |url=http://hdl.handle.net/10179/3344 |publisher=Massey Research Online, [[Massey University]] |date=1990 |degree=PhD |language=en |first=Pamela Takiora |last=Ingram|hdl=10179/3344 }}</ref> == Ọrụ == Ọrụ Ingram etinyela uche na nchekwa mmiri. Na 1980s ọ rụrụ ọrụ na Pacific Islands Forum na Fiji na mmepe njem nlegharị anya mpaghara. Site na 1990 ruo 2004 ọ jere ozi dị ka onye isi ndụmọdụ ndụmọdụ gọọmentị nke Cook Islands (General Licensing Authority), New Zealand (Te Puni Kokiri), na New South Wales (Department of Community Services). Site na 2006 ruo July 2013, Ingram rụrụ ọrụ maka US National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) na-eje ozi dị ka Executive Director nke All Islands Coral Reef Committee (AIC) Secretariat nke dabeere na Honolulu, Hawaii.<ref name=":2" /> === Ọrụ obodo === Mgbe ọ laghachiri Cook Islands site na ọmụmụ ihe ya na New Zealand, Ingram gakwuuru ụmụ nwanyị ndị ọzọ ọkachamara ma kwuo na ha ga-esonyere otu ụmụ nwanyị iji lekwasị anya n'okwu gbasara ikike ụmụ nwanyị, ime ihe ike n'ụlọ, ahụike, ịha nhata na mkpa olu ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ụmụ nwanyị. Otu ahụ aghọwo nke Cook Island Business and Professional Women's Association (CIBPW) nke oge a. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=http://www.cookislandsnews.com/national/local/item/66870-a-life-devoted-to-women-s-rights/66870-a-life-devoted-to-women-s-rights|title=A life devoted to women's rights|author=Osborne|first=Shae|date=5 December 2017|work=|archiveurl=|archivedate=|accessdate=4 April 2018}}</ref> N'afọ 1993, Ingram hapụrụ ọrụ ya na CIBPW ka ọ bụrụ onye isi oche nke Punanga Tauturu, otu nzukọ nke na-enye ụmụ nwanyị na ụmụaka nkwado ndụmọdụ na ọrụ iwu n'ọnọdụ ime ihe ike n'ụlọ.<ref name=":1" /> Ingram abụrụla onye nkwado siri ike na onye na-akwado nka na omenala nke Cook Islands. Ọ bụ onyeisi oche nke Pacific Islands Arts Committee of Creative New Zealand site na 1996 ruo 2000 na President nke Pacific Wave Association na Sydney, Australia si 2001 na 2005. Ọ bụ onye ntọala ntọala nke Pacific Writer' Connection na haziri kwa afọ okike/ ogbako ederede gburugburu ebe obibi maka ndị okenye, na asọmpi ide gburugburu ebe obibi kwa afọ maka ụmụaka.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|url=http://www.spc.int/70-inspiring-pacific-women/takiora-ingram/|title=Dr Takiora Ingram|date=2017-08-16|work=Pacific Community|accessdate=2018-04-04|language=en-US}}</ref> === Nkwado === N'afọ 2013, Ingram natara Ihe nrite 'Oceania Star' site na Mahadum nke Hawai'i Pacific Business Center Program, onyinye nke na-amata onyinye ụmụ nwanyị na agwaetiti Pacific.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|url=http://www.wovenpacific.com/our-people/|title=Our People|work=Woven Pacific Communications|language=en-NZ|accessdate=2018-04-04}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.radionz.co.nz/international/pacific-news/230340/cook-islands-environmental-leader-recognised-as-'oceania-star'|title=Cook Islands environmental leader recognised as 'Oceania Star'|date=2013-12-09|work=Radio New Zealand|accessdate=2018-04-04|language=en-nz}}</ref> Ingram enwetala onyinye site na U.S. Coral Reef Task Force maka ọrụ ya. <ref name=":2" /> == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] hreyd634550y930he6l2nfn7u3vel9w 0 52973 644387 189954 2026-05-30T22:32:49Z Sayvhior 13464 Fixed reference errors 644387 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Vicki Sparks''' bụ onye nta akụkọ egwuregwu Britain na onye na-akọwa egwuregwu bọọlụ maka BBC Sport na BT Sport . Ọ kọrọ maka ''Final Score'' na BBC Radio 5 Live . <ref name="chronicle">{{Cite news|author=Seddon|first=Sean|title=Newcastle commentator Vicki Sparks makes history at World Cup 2018|url=https://www.chroniclelive.co.uk/news/north-east-news/newcastle-commentator-vicki-sparks-makes-14807712.amp|accessdate=20 June 2018|work=Chronicle Live|date=20 June 2018}}</ref> Ọ na-ekpuchikwa bọọlụ ụmụ nwanyị mgbe niile maka BBC. <ref>{{Cite news|author=Rodger|first=James|title=Who is Vicki Sparks? BBC One commentator makes history during Portugal vs Morocco World Cup 2018 match|url=https://www.birminghammail.co.uk/news/showbiz-tv/who-vicki-sparks-bbc-one-14807348.amp|accessdate=20 June 2018|work=Birmingham Mail|date=20 June 2018}}</ref> Na Machị 2017, ka a gbasịrị ajụjụ ọnụ mgbe egwuregwu gasịrị, onye njikwa Sunderland David Moyes wepụrụ ya n'otu ajụjụ Sparks wee sị “Ị na-eme ihe nzuzu na njedebe ebe ahụ, yabụ naanị lelee onwe gị. Ị ka nwere ike ịra gị ụra n'agbanyeghị na ị bụ nwanyị. Kpachapụ anya mgbe ọzọ ị na-abata." N'ọnwa Juun, ndị otu egwuregwu bọọlụ tara ya £30,000 maka "okwu na-ezighi ezi na egwu". <ref>{{Cite news|title=David Moyes fined £30,000 by FA for 'slap' comment towards journalist|url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2017/jun/09/david-moyes-fined-fa-slap-comment-towsrds-journalist-vicki-sparks-sunderland|accessdate=20 June 2018|work=The Guardian|date=9 June 2017}}</ref> Sparks so na ndị otu BBC na-ekpuchi asọmpi Iko Mbaụwa nke 2018 na Rọshịa. Na 20 June nke afọ ahụ, ọ ghọrọ nwanyị mbụ kwuru okwu na egwuregwu asọmpi Iko Mbaụwa dị ndụ na telivishọn Britain, akụkọ BBC One gbasara mmeri Portugal 1–0 meriri Morocco na Group B na Saransk . <ref name="chronicle" /> Ndị Sparks na ndị ọkachamara nwanyị [[Eniola Aluko|bụ Eniola Aluko]] na Alex Scott katọrọ nkatọ n'ịntanetị, onye bụbu onye egwuregwu Jason Cundy kwuru na olu ya karịrị akarị maka nkọwa, ebe ndị ọzọ dị ka Jacqui Oatley na Piers Morgan toro ha ma kwuo na nkatọ a bụ n'ihi. na sexism. <ref>{{Cite news|author=Ridge|first=Sophy|title=Sky Views: Stop moaning about female football pundits|url=https://news.sky.com/story/sky-views-stop-moaning-about-female-football-pundits-11415949|accessdate=25 June 2018|publisher=Sky Sports}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|author=Singh|first=Anita|title=Jason Cundy: women's voices are too high for football commentary|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2018/06/25/jason-cundy-womens-voices-high-football-commentary/|accessdate=25 June 2018|work=The Daily Telegraph|date=25 June 2018}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|author=Smit|first=Sarah|title=Women take on football's 'sexist pigs' in the battle for World Cup screen time|url=https://mg.co.za/article/2018-06-25-women-take-on-footballs-sexist-pigs-in-the-battle-for-world-cup-screen-time|accessdate=25 June 2018|work=Mail & Guardian|date=25 June 2018}}</ref> Sparks nwekwara ọbịa na BBC Radio 5 Live show ''Ịlụ ọgụ'' . <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b0070hvs/episodes/guide|title=BBC Radio 5 live - Fighting Talk - Episode guide}}</ref> == Ntụaka == egwuregwu asọmpi Iko Mbaụwa dị ndụ na telivishọn Britain, akụkọ BBC One gbasara mmeri P{{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] idfu86i1np2i1dy18q553zvczlonbto 0 53092 644159 213130 2026-05-30T17:50:53Z Goodymeraj 16207 644159 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}  '''Elizabeth Jordan Carr''' (amuru Disemba 28, 1981) bu nwa mbu nke United States amuru site na usoro in vitro fatịlaịza yana nke iri na ise n'ụwa. A na-eduzi usoro ahụ na Eastern Virginia Medical School na Norfolk n'okpuru nduzi nke Dọkịta Howard Jones na Georgeanna Seegar Jones, bụ ndị mbụ nwara usoro ahụ na United States. A mụrụ ya na Norfolk General Hospital dị na [[Végíníyà|Virginia]] site n'aka Dr. Mason Andrews na-eru 5 pound 12 ounces (ihe dịka gram 2600). <ref name="New York Times" /><ref>{{Cite web|author=Bailey|first=Ronald|date=2006-12-28|title=Happy 25th Birthday to Elizabeth Jordan Carr|url=https://reason.com/2006/12/28/happy-25th-birthday-to-elizabe/|accessdate=2023-01-12|work=Reason Magazine|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|author=Joe Holley|date=28 March 2005|page=B04|title=Georgeanna Jones Dies at 92; In Vitro Fertilization Pioneer|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A5761-2005Mar27.html|accessdate=2023-01-12|work=Washington Post}}</ref> Nne na nna Carr bụ Judith Carr, onye nkụzi ụlọ akwụkwọ dị afọ 28 n'oge ahụ, na di ya, Roger Carr, 30, nke Westminster, Massachusetts . Nne Elizabeth nwere ike ịtụrụ ime, ma ọ nweghị ike ịga n'ihu. Ọ tụrụ ime atọ ectopic, àkwá fatịlaịza na-eto n'èzí akpa nwa, nke ọ bụla na-ejedebe n'ime ime, ma mechaa manye dọkịta ahụ iwepụ [[Ọwa Fallopian|tubes fallopian]] ya. <ref name="New York Times">{{Cite news|first=Walter|author=Sullivan|date=1981-12-29|title='Test-Tube' Baby Born in U.S., Joining Successes Around World|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1981/12/29/science/test-tube-baby-born-in-us-joining-successes-around-the.html|accessdate=2023-01-12|page=C1 (photo on page A1}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFSullivan1981">Sullivan, Walter (1981-12-29). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required">[https://www.nytimes.com/1981/12/29/science/test-tube-baby-born-in-us-joining-successes-around-the.html "'Test-Tube' Baby Born in U.S., Joining Successes Around World"]</span>. ''The New York Times''. p.&nbsp;C1 (photo on page A1. [[ISSN (ihe nchọpụta)|ISSN]]&nbsp;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331 0362-4331]<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-01-12</span></span>.</cite></ref> Na August 5, 2010, Carr mụrụ nwa mbụ ya, Trevor James Comeau. A tụrụ ime ya na-enweghị enyemaka nke teknụzụ ịmụ nwa. <ref name="Virginian-Pilot">{{Cite news|url=http://news-business.vlex.com/vid/215974211/?page=full|title=America's First Test-Tube Baby Becomes A Mom|work=The Virginian-Pilot|author=Elizabeth Simpson|date=August 7, 2010}}</ref> <ref name="Boston Globe">{{Cite news|author=Comeau|first=Elizabeth|date=2010-08-06|title=A first for the first|work=Boston Globe|url=http://archive.boston.com/news/health/articles/2010/08/06/a_first_for_the_first/?page=full|accessdate=2023-01-12}}</ref> Na Maachị nke afọ 2024, onye omebe iwu US Senator Tim Kaine kpọrọ Carr ka ọ bịa na 2024 State of the Union Address nke Onye isi ala Joe Biden nyere na-esochi nkwusioru nke IVF ọrụ na Alabama n'ihi ''LePage v. Center for Reproductive Medicine'' . <ref>{{Cite news|author=Vozzella|first=Laura|title=Sen. Tim Kaine’s State of the Union guest: America’s first IVF baby|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/dc-md-va/2024/03/06/ivf-baby-tim-kaine-state-of-the-union/|accessdate=March 7, 2024|work=Washington Post|date=March 6, 2024}}</ref> == Hụkwa == * Louise Brown == Ntụaka == kpọrọ Carr ka ọ bịa na 2024 State of the Union Address nke Onye isi ala Jo{{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * [https://rovingmuse.wordpress.com/ blọọgụ nkeonwe] * [https://twitter.com/ejordancarr Twitter] {{DEFAULTSORT:Carr, Elizabeth Jordan}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] s7e3fcgub5g7onsav7duywot9r6wsdd 0 53136 644253 196466 2026-05-30T19:49:33Z Wikipedian12512(alt) 61413 ce 644253 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|honorific_prefix=|name=Renata Lusin|image=2021-09-16-Renata Lusin und Valentin Lusin Deutscher Fernsehpreis 2021 -3623 (cropped).jpg|image_size=250px|alt=|caption=Renata Lusin with Valentin Lusin (2021)|birth_date={{Birth date and age|df=yes|1987|06|16}}|birth_place=[[Kazan|Kasan]], [[Tatar Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic|Tatar ASSR]], [[Soviet Union]]|birth_name=Renata Busheyeva|nationality=[[Russia]]n|spouse=|occupation=[[dancer]] and [[Athletic trainer|dance sports trainer]]}} '''Renata Lusin''' (amụrụ na 16 June 1987 na Kazan, Tatar ASSR, Soviet Union) bụ onye Russia na-agba egwu na onye na-enye ọzụzụ egwuregwu ịgba egwu. == Ndụ na ọrụ == A mụrụ Renata Busheyeva na 16 June 1987 na Kazan, Tatar ASSR, Soviet Union. Nne ya bụ Tatar na nna ya bụ onye [[Yukrain|Ukraine]].<ref>''[https://www.rtl.de/cms/let-s-dance-2018-renata-lusin-ist-das-erste-mal-als-profitaenzerin-dabei-4145313.html Let's Dance 2018: Renata Lusin is there as a professional dancer for the first time]'', RTL, March 9th, 2018. Accessed on March 9th, 2018.</ref> Lusin malitere ịgba egwú mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na otu.<ref name="TMU">''[http://www.tanzsport.de/files/tanzsport/tanzspiegel/gebietsteile/2008/2008_10_west.pdf TMU introduces – Valentin Lusin and Renata Busheeva.]'' In: ''Dance with us - The information magazine of the Dance Sports Association of North Rhine-Westphalia'', 10/2008, Dance Sports Association of North Rhine-Westphalia e.&nbsp;V., pp.&nbsp;10–11 (PDF file, 2.1&nbsp; MB). Accessed on March 9, 2018.</ref> Mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na atọ, ya na nna nna ya si Kazan kwaga Moscow iji nweta ọzụzụ ọkachamara.<ref name="4-21">''[https://www.playboy.de/coverstars/renata-lusin-bittet-zum-tanz Let's Dance, Renata!]'', Playboy, April 2021. Accessed on April 6, 2021.</ref> Ya na Valentin Rechetnikov gbara egwu ọnwa ole na ole na 2002, ya na Evgeni Grigorov na mmalite 2003 na Ivan Anichkhin mechara. Mgbe ọ dị afọ 16, nne ya kpọsara ya onye ya na ya na-agba egwú. Ndị nne na nna Valentin Lusin si Düsseldorf hụrụ mgbasa ozi ahụ ma Renata Lusin kwagara [[Jémanị|Germany]] ka ya na Valentin rụkọrọ ọrụ. Kemgbe afọ 2003, ya na Valentin Lusin na-agba egwú na TD Tanzsportclub Düsseldorf Rot-Weiss . <ref>''[http://www.tanzsport.de/files/tanzsport/downloads/sportwelt/pd/pd_pairs/lusin.pdf Welcome Valentin and Renata]'', Professional Division, German Dance Sports Association e.&nbsp;V. (PDF file, 13.5 kB). Accessed on March 9, 2018.</ref> Site na 2006, ọ gụrụ ọrụ nchịkwa azụmahịa na Mahadum Heinrich Heine nke Düsseldorf.<ref name="TMU"/><ref>Helga Raue: ''[http://www.aachener-zeitung.de/sport/aktuell/grosser-respekt-vor-der-discipline-des-teams-1.766987 Great respect for the team's discipline]'', [[Aachener Zeitung]], February 21, 2014. Accessed on March 9, 2018.</ref> Na Mee 2014, Renata na Valentin Lusin lụrụ di na nwunye ma biri na Düsseldorf.<ref name="P12">Renata Lusin in Punkt 12 volume 28. September 2022</ref><ref name="DTV-140601">Daniel Reichling: ''[http://www.tanzsport.de/de/news/news-reader/imported-7-9304476a-174d-4b24-bed4-4efc85d4427c Valentin Lusin and Renata Busheeva got married]'', German Dance Sports Association e.&nbsp;V., 1.&nbsp;June 2014. Accessed on March 9, 2018.</ref> Di na nwunye ahụ ghọrọ ọtụtụ ndị mmeri mba na nnukwu otu S-standard na S-Latin ma merie asọmpi dị iche iche.<ref>''[https://www.tanzsport.de/files/tanzsport/tanzspiegel/gebietsteile/2013/2013_04_west.pdf Successful title defense.]'' In: ''dance with us - The information magazine of the Dance Sports Association of North Rhine-Westphalia'', Dance Sports Association of North Rhine-Westphalia e.&nbsp;V., 4/2013, p.&nbsp; 3–5 (PDF file, 623 kB). Retrieved on March 9, 2018.</ref><ref>''[https://www.tanzsport.de/files/tanzsport/tanzspiegel/gebietsteile/2016/2016_12_west.pdf The last champions have been chosen.]'' In: ''dance with us - The information magazine of the Dance Sports Association of North Rhine-Westphalia'', Dance Sports Association of North Rhine-Westphalia e.&nbsp;V., 12/2016, pp.&nbsp;3–5 (PDF file, 2.8&nbsp; MB). Retrieved on March 9, 2018.</ref> Ha merikwara German Ten Dances championship ugboro abụọ ma were ọnọdụ kachasị elu na asọmpi mba na nke mba ụwa. .Ha nọ n'òtù A nke gọọmentị etiti ma were ọnọdụ mbụ na ndepụta nke isi otu nke German Dance Sports Association (n'oge na-adịbeghị anya na 28 Febụwarị 2017). <ref>''[http://www.tanzsport.de/de/sportwelt/standard-und-latein/ranglisten/standard-20170228 Ranking List Main Group Standard]'', German Dance Sports Association e.&nbsp;V. Retrieved March 9, 2018.</ref> N'oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ nke afọ 2017, di na nwunye ahụ gbanwere ịgba egwú ọkachamara dị ka akụkụ nke German Dance Sports Association . <ref>Ronald Frowein: ''[http://www.tanzsport.de/de/news/news-reader/renata-und-valentin-lusin-wechseln-in-die-pd Renata and Valentin Lusin move to the PD]'', German Dance Sports Association e.&nbsp;V., October 2nd, 2017. Retrieved on March 9th, 2018.</ref> Mgbe ha meriri n'asọmpi World Championships Showdance Standard of Professionals n'ọnwa Ọktoba 2021, di na nwunye ahụ kwupụtara njedebe nke ọrụ ịgba egwú ha.<ref name="DTV-211024">''[https://www.tanzsport.de/de/news/news-reader/deutsche-doppelspitze-bei-den-professionals-in-leipzig Double Leadership among the professionals in Leipzig]'', German Dance Sports Association, October 24th, 2021. Accessed on December 8th, 2021.</ref> Renata Lusin na-arụ ọrụ dị ka onye na-enye ọzụzụ na TD Tanzsportclub Düsseldorf Rot-Weiss, na Meerbuscher Tanzsport-Club na TTC Schwarz-Gold Moers.<ref>''[https://web.archive.org/web/20190905161133/http://tanzsportclub-duesseldorf.de:8080/tanzsportclub-duesseldorf/sportbereich/unsere-trainer/renata-busheeva Trainer –Renata Lusin]'', TD Tanzsportclub Düsseldorf Rot-Weiss e.&nbsp;V. Retrieved on March 9, 2018.</ref><ref>''[https://www.meerbuscher-tsc.de/ Our trainers: Renata Lusin]'', Meerbuscher Tanzsport- Club e.V. Retrieved on May 16, 2019.</ref><ref>''[http://ttc-schwarz-gold-moers.de/wochenplan-clubheim/ Wochenplan Clubheim]'', TTC Schwarz-Gold Moers e.&nbsp;V. Retrieved on May 16, 2019.</ref> === Ka anyị na-agba egwú === Na 2018, Lusin sonyere na ihe ngosi egwu RTL Ka anyị gbaa egwu nke mbụ. Onye otu ya na-agba egwu Jimi Blue Ochsenknecht aghaghị ịla n'iyi na nke ise n'ihi mmerụ ahụ. Otu afọ ka e mesịrị ya na Jan Hartmann bụ di na nwunye mbụ a chụpụrụ. N'afọ 2020 na 2022, ya na Moritz Hans na Mathias Mester rutere n'ọkwa nke abụọ na nke atọ na ikpeazụ, na 2021 ọ nwetara mmeri na Rúrik Gíslason. N'ime mgbagha The Big Professional Challenge, ọ nọrọ ebe nke atọ na 2019 na 2020 wee merie asọmpi ahụ na 2021 na 2022. Na 2023 na 2024 ọ esoghị n'ihi afọ ime. {| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center;" |+Egwuregwu Renata Lusin na Let's Dance''Ka anyị na-agba egwú'' !Oge (afọ) !Onye mmekọ !Ebe e debere ya |- |11 (2018) |Jimi Blue Ochsenknecht |10 |- |12 (2019) |Jan Hartmann |14 |- style="background:silver;" |13 (2020) |Moritz Hans |Onye nke abụọ |- style="background:gold;" |14 (2021) |Rúrik Gíslason |Onye mmeri |- style="background:gold;" |Ihe ịma aka nke 2021 |Valentin Lusin |Onye mmeri |- style="background:#CC9966" |15 (2022) |Mathias Mester |Nke Atọ |- style="background:gold;" |Ihe ịma aka nke 2022 |Christian Polanc |Onye mmeri |} == Ihe nkiri == * 2018: Naanị okwu ole na ole (ihe nkiri dị mkpirikpi) * 2018-22: Let's Dance (ihe ngosi TV, RTL) * 2020: Ninja Warrior Germany - Ihe ngosi Kasị Ike na Germany (ihe ngosi TV, RTL) * 2020: Ramon Roselly: Infinite (Music Video) * 2021: RTL Summer Games (ihe ngosi TV, RTL) * 2021: Ònye maara ihe dị ka nke ahụ? (ihe ngosi nke chiiz, ARD) * 2023: Inga Lindström: The Sweetness of Life (usoro ihe omume TV) == Ihe ndị ọ rụzuru == * 2006: Ebe nke abụọ na German Championships karịa ịgba egwú iri * 2007: Ebe nke atọ na German Championships karịa ịgba egwu iri * 2009: 1st ebe German Championship n'elu 10 dances<ref name="DTV-DM">''[http://www.tanzsport.de/de/sportwelt/nachrichten/archiv/deutsche-meister-einzel German champion singles ]'', German Dance Sports Association e.V. Retrieved March 9, 2018.</ref> * 2010: 1st ebe German Championship karịa 10 dance<ref name="DTV-DM" /> * 2011: Ebe nke abụọ na German Championship karịa ịgba egwu iri * 2013: Ebe nke abụọ na asọmpi German karịa ịgba egwú 10 <ref>''[https://web.archive.org/web/20180310135807/http://www.tanzsportclub-duesseldorf.de:8080/tanzsportclub-duesseldorf/news/deutsche-vizemeister-10-taenze German runner-up 10 dances]'', TD Tanzsportclub Düsseldorf Rot-Weiss e.&nbsp;V. Retrieved March 9, 2018.</ref> * 2013: Ebe nke abụọ na World Championship Showdance Standard <ref>Volker Hey: ''[https://tnw.de/valentin-lusinrenata-busheeva-vizeweltmeister/ Valentin Lusin/Renata Busheeva Vice World Champion]'', Tanzsportverband Nordrhein-Westfalen e. &nbsp;V., September 7th, 2013. Retrieved on March 9th, 2018.</ref> * 2013: Ebe nke atọ German Championship Standard <ref>Volker Hey: ''[https://web.archive.org/web/20160813011451/http://tnw.de/valentin-lusin-und-renata-busheeva-ertanzen-bronze-bei-der-dm-standard/ Valentin Lusin and Renata Busheeva dance bronze at the DM Standard]'', Tanzsportverband Nordrhein-Westfalen e.&nbsp;V., November 3rd, 2013. Retrieved on March 9th, 2018.</ref> * 2014: Ebe nke abụọ German Championship Hgr combination <ref>Voker Hey: ''[https://tnw.de/erster-deutscher-meister-title-fuer-dumitru-dogan-sarah-ertmer/ First German Champion title for Dumitru Dogan / Sarah Ertmer]'', Tanzsport-Verband Nordrhein-Westfalen e.&nbsp;V., May 3, 2014. Retrieved on March 9, 2018.</ref> * 2015: Ebe nke atọ na World Championship Showdance Standard <ref>''[https://www.worlddancesport.org/Event/Competition/World_Championship-Chengdu-20006/Adult-Show_Dance_Standard-45090/Ranking Ranking of Adult Show Dance Standard]'', World DanceSport Federation. Retrieved March 9, 2018.</ref> * 2015: Ebe nke atọ German Championship Hgr-S-Standard <ref>Volker Hey: ''[https://web.archive.org/web/20160814042138/http://tnw.de/bronze-fuer-valentin-und-renata-lusin/ Bronze for Valentin and Renata Lusin]'', Dance Sports Association of North Rhine-Westphalia e.&nbsp;V. November 8, 2015. Retrieved March 9, 2018.</ref> * 2016: Ebe nke abụọ na World Championship Showdance Standard <ref>''[https://www.worlddancesport.org/Event/Competition/World_Championship-Chengdu-20582/Adult-Show_Dance_Standard-47076/Ranking Ranking of Adult Show Dance Standard]'', World DanceSport Federation. Retrieved March 9, 2018.</ref> * 2016: Ebe nke atọ German Championship Hgr-S-Standard <ref>E. Kohls: ''[http://www.tanzsportclub-duesseldorf.de:8080/tanzsportclub-duesseldorf/news/deutsche-meister-2016-hauptklasse-s-standard German Championship 2016, main group S-Standard]'', TD Tanzsportclub Düsseldorf Rot-Weiss e.V. Retrieved March 9, 2018.</ref> * 2017: Ebe nke atọ na World Championship Showdance Standard <ref>Gaby Michel-Schuck: ''[http://www.tanzsport.de/de/news/news-reader/wm-vizetitle-und-bronze-fuer-tanzsport- Germany World Cup silver and bronze for dance sport Germany]'', German Dance Sport Association e.&nbsp;V., September 9th, 2017. Retrieved on March 9th, 2018.</ref> * 2017: Ebe nke atọ na World Championship Showdance Professionals Standard <ref>Gaby Michel-Schuck: ''[http://www.tanzsport.de/de/news/news-reader/bronzemedal-fuer-avatar Bronze medal for “Avatar”]'', German Dance Sports Association e.&nbsp;V., December 10th, 2017. Accessed on March 9th, 2018.</ref> * 2018: 1st ebe German Championship n'elu 10 professional dances <ref>Volker Hey: ''[https://web.archive.org/web/20180619012723/https://tnw.de/valentin-und-renata-lusin-sind-deutsche-meister-ueber-10-taenze-der-pd/ Valentin and Renata Lusin are German champions in 10 dances of the PD]'', Dance Sports Association of North Rhine-Westphalia, March 4th, 2018.</ref> * 2018: Ebe nke abụọ German Championship Showdance Professionals Standard <ref>Volker Hey: ''[https://www.tanzsport.de/de/news/news-reader/deutsche-meisteren-pd-showdance runner-up become champion]'', German Dance Sports Association e.&nbsp;V., May 27, 2018. Accessed on June 18, 2018.</ref> * 2019: Ebe nke abụọ WDSF World Championship Showdance Professionals Standard <ref name="DTV-191102">Gaby Michel-Schuck: ''[https://www.tanzsport.de/de/news/news-reader/wm-and-dm-title-awarding-in-dresden World Cup and DM title awarding in Dresden]'', German Dance Sports Association, November 2nd, 2019. Retrieved on April 16th, 2021.</ref> * 2019: 1st ebe WDSF Open Professionals Standard <ref name="DTV-191102" /> * 2019: 1st ebe German Championship Professionals Standard <ref name="DTV-191102" /> * 2021: 1st ebe World Championship Showdance Professionals Standard <ref name="DTV-211024"/> == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * [https://www.die-lusins.de/ Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ nke Tanzpaars Lusin] * [https://www.worlddancesport.org/Couple/Detail/Valentin_Lusin_and_Renata_Lusin-594959 Profile von Renata Lusin und Valentin Lusin], World DanceSport Federation [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 5d4fv214f5hhfokvydeg5rjlhgdmzts 0 53268 644252 190412 2026-05-30T19:49:31Z Sylvaline39 15355 fixed reference error 644252 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Val Young''' bụ onye na-agụ egwu. == Ọrụ == George Clinton chọpụtara Young, onye were ya n'ọrụ dị ka onye na-agụ egwú n'azụ na 1977 maka The Brides of Funkenstein, <ref name="Wynn">{{Cite web|url=http://www.allmusic.com/artist/val-young-mn0000301433|title=Biography: Val Young|author=Wynn|first=Ron|work=[[AllMusic]]|accessdate=10 January 2016}}</ref> <ref name="LarkinSM">{{Cite book|title=[[Encyclopedia of Popular Music|The Guinness Who's Who of Soul Music]]|editor=[[Colin Larkin (writer)|Colin Larkin]]|publisher=[[Guinness Publishing]]|date=1993|edition=First|isbn=0-85112-733-9}}</ref> n'ime ọtụtụ ihe na-eme na ụlọ nkwari akụ Funkadelic ya. N'afọ 1980, o dekọrọ ma soro Roy Ayers mee njem. Young ghọrọ onye na-agụ egwú maka The Gap Band n'otu afọ ahụ ma soro ndị otu ahụ mee ihe na egwu funk "Oops Up Side Your Head".<ref name="LarkinSM" /> O dekọrọ abọm ise ya na ndị otu ahụ ma soro ha gaa njem.<ref name="LarkinSM" /> Ọ bụghị ruo mgbe ọ zutere Rick James ka ọ ghọrọ onye ama ama dị ka onye na-ese ihe.[1] James kwalitere ya dị ka "Black Marilyn Monroe", [1] wee weta Young na Berry Gordy, onye bịanyere aka na ya na Motown Records na ntụnye James. James weputara album mbụ ya Seduction, [1] [2] nke ewepụtara na 1985, ọ gụnyere egwu egwu "Egwuregwu Mind" na aha aha "Seduction", yana "Iberibe Obi m" na "Ọ bụrụ na ị Kwesịrị Inwe. Nwee Onwe Gị", bụ ndị na-esochi ihe ịga nke ọma na 1986. James zutere Motown n'oké esemokwu n'ihi ọnọdụ nke ọrụ ya, Young wee hapụ akara ahụ ka ọ bịanye aka na Amherst Records, akara nke dị na Buffalo, New York, <ref name="LarkinSM"/> na-ewepụta abọm nke abụọ ya Private Conversations na 1987. James mepụtara egwu atọ site na abọm a na aha a tọhapụrụ dị ka otu. Young so Bobby Brown gaa njem nlegharị anya na 1988 mgbe ọ wepụtara abọm ya Don't Be Cruel, ọ nọkwa na nnukwu ọchịchọ maka ịme ihe nkiri na idekọ olu maka ọtụtụ ndị na-ese ihe: Bobby Womack, Kurtis Blow, Dr. Dre, Sylk E Fyne, Wayman Tisdale, Snoop Dogg, Evelyn "Champagne" King, Yo-Yo, El DeBarge, Miki Howard, Gerald LeVert ndị ọzọ, Teena Marie, Tupac Shakur, MC Eiht, Jimmy Jam & Terry Lewis, Eddie Murphy, ọtụtụ ndị na ndị na-ede akwụkwọ ọhụrụ.   <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2024)">citation needed</span>]]''&#x5D;</sup> Young pụtara na songs "To Live & Die in LA," "Black Jesus", "Teardrops & Closed Caskets", gbakwunyere na album Still I Rise, na egwu "Echefula", ụtụ a raara nye Tupac Shakur site na mbụ. Onye otu Outlawz Napoleon.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5D;</sup> N'afọ 2009, e gosipụtara ya dị ka onye na-agụ egwú maka Raphael Saadiq na egwu telivishọn ya na PBS Live from the Artists Den . Na 2013, Young bụrụ abụ nkwado na Eddie Murphy na Snoop Lion's single "Red Light", ọ pụtakwara na vidiyo egwu gọọmentị. Na 2014, Young malitere ịgagharị na Candice "Candi" Ghant na Farah Melanson dị ka ahịrị ọhụrụ nke Mary Jane Girls. N'afọ 2019, Young sonyeere onye njikwa ntụrụndụ, Lawrence "youngBiz" Dixon, iji melite ọrụ ya na Mary Jane Girls.   <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2024)">citation needed</span>]]''&#x5D;</sup> == Nkọwapụta == === Abọm studio === * ''Ịdọrọ mmadụ'' (1985) * ''Mkparịta ụka onwe onye'' (1987) === Ndị na-alụbeghị di === * "Egwuregwu Uche" * "Nhazi" * "Ọ bụrụ na ị kwesịrị ịnọ naanị gị" * "A Akụkụ nke Obi M" * "Nkwurịta okwu n'onwe" * "Ekwela ka m chere" * "Kwụsị Ime M Ihe Ọjọọ" === Mpụta ndị ọbịa === * 1988: "Don't Cha Wanna Be Loved" (site Ndị MixmastersNdị Mixmasters) * 1990: "LovelyLittleLady" (site na album Glenn Medeiros ''Glenn Medeiros'') * 1991: "I Adore You" (site na album Tone Lōc Cool Hand Lōc) * 1992: "I Want U 4 Me" (site na Big Bub album Comin' At Cha) * 1994: "Ọdịdị: Grimm" na "Ask of You" (site na Epic Records Soundtrack Higher Learning) * 1994: "The World In My Hands (We Are One) " (site na Snap! album Welcome to Tomorrow) * 1995: "Mirror Mirror" (site na Smooth B album One Million Strong) * 1995: "Neighborhoodsta Funk" (site na Poppa LQ album Your Entertainment, My Reality) * 1995: "Smooth" (site na album Tha Dogg Pound Dogg Food) * 1996: "Never Leave Me Alone" (site na Nate Dogg single "Never leave Me Alone") * 1996: "To Live & Die in L.A." (site na album Makaveli The Don Killuminati: The 7 Day Theory) * 1997: "Dirty Hoe's Draws" (site na Nate Dogg album G-Funk Classics, Vol. 1: Ghetto Preacher) * 1997: "Four Seasons" (site na album Infinite Mass ''Alwayz Somethang'') * 1997: "Hellrazor" (site na 2Pac album R U Still Down? (Cheta M)) * 1997: "Nowhere 2 Hide" (site na DJ Pooh album Bad Newz Travels Fast) * 1997: "Will I Rize" (site na egwu Death Row ''Gridlock'd'') * 1998: "Choppin up That Paper" (site na album Do or Die Headz or Tailz) * 1998: "Na California" na "Only For U" (site na [[Daz Dillinger]] album Retaliation, Revenge and Get Back) * 1998: "Just Another Day" (site na Nate Dogg album G-Funk Classics, Vol. 1 & 2) * 1998: "Y Do Thugz Die" (site na Luniz album ''Lunitik Muzik'') * 1999: "Black Jesuz", "The Good Die Young" na "Teardrops and Closed Caskets" (site na 2Pac + Outlawz album Still I Rise) * 1998: "C'est la Vie" na "Money" (site na album Gonzoe If I Live & Nothing Happens) * 1998: "Change Gone Come" (site na Snoop Dogg album Smokefest Underground) * 1999: "G-Spot" (site na Warren G album I Want It All) * 1999: "Thicker than Water" (site na MC Eiht album Nkebi nke 8) * 2000: "Black Rain" na "When I Go" (site na album Outlawz Ride wit Us or Collide wit Us) * 2000: "The Truth" na "Hit Me on the Hip" (site na Richie Rich album The Game) * 2000: "West Coast Lowrider" (site na Frost album That Was Then, This Is Now, Vol. 2) * 2001: "Personal Business" (site na Bad Azz album Personal Business) * 2002: "Noble Justice" (site na Young Noble album Noble Justice) * 2003: "Do My Thang" (site na Yukmouth album ''Godzilla'') * 2003: "What's A Pimp?" na "Don't Act Like That" (site na Too Short album Married to the Game) * 2004: "Makavelli Never Lied" (site na Teena Marie album ''La Doña'') * 2004: "Never Forget" (site na mkpokọta Mob Life Records On the Grind) * 2005: "California" (site na RBX album The Shining) * 2005: "One Night" (site na Jay Tee album The Thousandaire) * 2006: "Hollywood" na "Don't Need None" (site na album [[Muszamil]] Reparation Is Due) * 2006 "FREE" (site na album [[DUB B]] "The SeaReal Way) * 2010 "Got To Be SeaReal" (site na [[DUB B]] album "Fruition) A na-ebipụtabeghị ya * "Street Life" (Unreleased) (Snoop Dogg featuring 2Pac & Prince Ital Joe) <small> (Snoop Dogg na-egosi 2Pac & Prince Ital Joe) </small> * "Let Em Have It" (Ụdị ndị a na-ebipụtabeghị) (2Pac featuring Storm) <small> (2Pac na-egosi Oké Ifufe) </small> == Hụkwa == * Ndepụta nke egwu egwu (United States) * Ndepụta nke ndị na-ese ihe ruru nọmba otu na chaatị US Dance == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * [[Discogs]].com/artist/Val+Young" id="mwAVE" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">Val Young na Discogs {{Authority control}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 3ivy34ils8nqmh5i95trs2gwc4kd0n1 0 53269 644203 190413 2026-05-30T19:32:32Z Sylvaline39 15355 fixed reference error 644203 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="infobox biography vcard" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;" |<div class="fn">Valentina Parshina</div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |A mụrụ ya | class="infobox-data" |<div class="nickname" style="display:inline">Valentina Romanovna Parshina</div> <span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1937-03-16</span>)</span> 16 Machị 1937<br /><br /><div class="birthplace" style="display:inline">[[Maslyakovo]] [ce; ru; uk], Dregelsky District <span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal; ">&nbsp;&#x5B;[[:ru:Дрегельский район|ru]]&#x5D;</span>, [[Leningrad Oblast]] (today Lyubotinsky District, [[Novgorod Oblast]]), [[Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic|Russian SFSR]]</div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Nwụrụ | class="infobox-data" |21 Disemba 2020 <span style="display:none">(2020-12-21)</span> (afọ 83) &nbsp; |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Ọrụ (s) | class="infobox-data role" |Onye na-ahụ maka ọrụ ugbo, onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Afọ ndị ọ na-arụsi ọrụ ike&nbsp; | class="infobox-data" |1959–2001 |} Valentina Romanovna Parshina (Russian: Валентина Романовна Паршина; 16 Maachị 1937 - 21 Disemba 2020) bụ onye Soviet na onye Rọshịa na-akọ ugbo na onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị. Ọ bụ onye isi nke ndị na-akụ akwụkwọ nri na Detskoselsky Order of Lenin steeti ugbo nakwa onye a họpụtara na nnọkọ nke iri na iri na otu nke Soviet Kasị Elu nke Soviet Union. ọ nọkwa na Kọmitii Central nke Kọmunist Party nke Soviet Union n'agbata 1989 na 1990. Parshina na ndị otu ya nyere steeti Soviet nri ma nwee afọ ojuju na ndị ọrụ karịrị 100. E nwetara ya site na Order of the Red Banner of Labour, ugboro abụọ nke Order nke Lenin na aha Hero of Socialist Labour, "Hammer and Sickle" ọla edo [az; ba; bụru; ka; pl; ru; tr; tt; uk] na Order nke October mgbanwe == Ndụ mbido == Na 16 Machị 1937, a mụrụ Parshina n'ime nnukwu ezinụlọ ndị ọrụ ugbo n'obodo Maslyakovo [ce; ru; uk], Dregelsky District , Leningrad Oblast (today Lyubotinsky District, Novgorod Oblast).<ref name="WarHeroesBio">{{Cite web|author=Malashenkov|first=Evgeny|title=Паршина Валентина Романовна|url=https://warheroes.ru/hero/hero.asp?Hero_id=17319|publisher={{ill|Homeland heroes|be|Героі краіны (інтэрнэт-сайт)|hy|Երկրի հերոսներ (կայք)|ru|Герои страны}}|language=ru|accessdate=21 March 2023|archivedate=5 April 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220405155737/https://www.warheroes.ru/hero/hero.asp?Hero_id=17319}}</ref><ref name="SchoolEntry">{{Cite web|author=Krylova|first=Elena|title=Как советская власть крестьян в люди выводила? Биографический очерк о Валентине Паршиной|url=https://www.shkolazhizni.ru/biographies/articles/91718/|work=School of Life|language=ru|date=27 September 2022|accessdate=21 March 2023|archivedate=1 September 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220901014133/https://www.shkolazhizni.ru/biographies/articles/91718/}}</ref> Nne ya bụ onye ọrụ n'ugbo na nna ya na-arụ ọrụ dị ka onye na-egbu osisi. Parshina mepụtara ihe yiri ka ọ na-egwu n'ogige ezinụlọ ya site na nwata.<ref name="SchoolEntry" /> Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ, ọ debanyere aha na ngalaba na-akụ akwụkwọ nri nke Ụlọ Ọrụ Ọrụ Ugbo na Pushkin (nke bụzi Mahadum Agrarian nke St. Petersburg), nke ọ gụsịrị na 21 Disemba 1959. <ref name="WarHeroesBio" /><ref name="SchoolEntry" /> Parshina gbachitere diplọma ya na ngalaba "onye ọrụ ugbo na onye ọrụ ugbo".<ref name="SchoolEntry" /> == Ọrụ == Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na ụlọ akwụkwọ ọrụ ugbo, <ref name="KPRFObit">{{Cite news|title=Ленинградская область. На 84-м году жизни умерла Герой Соцтруда Валентина Паршина|url=https://kprf.ru/party-live/regnews/199298.html|publisher=[[Communist Party of the Russian Federation]]|language=ru|date=21 December 2020|accessdate=21 March 2023}}</ref> <ref name="PPTEntry">{{Cite web|title=Паршина Валентина Романовна|url=http://ppt.ru/person.phtml?id=12308|publisher=St. Petersburg Legal Portal|language=ru|accessdate=21 March 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160310133015/http://ppt.ru/person.phtml?id=12308|archivedate=10 March 2016}}</ref> e zigara ya ịrụ ọrụ na Detskoselsky Order of Lenin steeti ugbo na mpaghara Tosnensky, mpaghara Leningrad dị ka onye isi nke ndị na-akụ akwụkwọ nri site na 21 Disemba 1959 <ref name="WarHeroesBio"/><ref name="SchoolEntry">{{Cite web|author=Krylova|first=Elena|title=Как советская власть крестьян в люди выводила? Биографический очерк о Валентине Паршиной|url=https://www.shkolazhizni.ru/biographies/articles/91718/|work=School of Life|language=ru|date=27 September 2022|accessdate=21 March 2023|archivedate=1 September 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220901014133/https://www.shkolazhizni.ru/biographies/articles/91718/}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFKrylova2022">Krylova, Elena (27 September 2022) [8 October 2017]. [https://www.shkolazhizni.ru/biographies/articles/91718/ "Как советская власть крестьян в люди выводила? Биографический очерк о Валентине Паршиной"] &#x5B;How did the Soviet government bring peasants into the people? Biographical sketch of Valentina Parshina&#x5D;. ''School of Life'' (in Russian). [https://web.archive.org/web/20220901014133/https://www.shkolazhizni.ru/biographies/articles/91718/ Archived] from the original on 1 September 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 March</span> 2023</span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 Russian-language sources (ru)]]</ref><ref name="LibruEntry">{{Cite web|title=Паршина Валентина Романовна [17.03.1937]|url=http://www.az-libr.ru/index.shtml?Persons&000/Src/0004/165ce410|publisher=[[Lib.ru]]|language=ru|accessdate=21 March 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140116222333/www.az-libr.ru/index.shtml?Persons&000/Src/0004/165ce410|archivedate=16 January 2014}}</ref> Onye nduzi ugbo ahụ bụ Ivan Sergeevich Shinkarev duziri Parshina, wee banye n'ime akụ na ụba na-ekpo ọkụ nke dị obere ma nwee ike inweta nkà iji zụlite mkpụrụ osisi na akwụkwọ nri n'oge mmepụta na-eto ngwa ngwa. <ref name="SchoolEntry" /><ref name="WarHeroesBio" /> Ndị otu ya nyere steeti ahụ nde mkpụrụ osisi nde ise na 900 t (ton 990) nke ngwaahịa inine mbụ n'ime afọ ise mgbe ugbo ahụ toro na saịtị nke griin haus.[1] Parshina na ndị otu ya na-arụ ọrụ na ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị si Institute of Plant Industry, Agricultural Academy na K. A. Timiryazev na-esonụ nke ụlọ akwụkwọ na-akụziri ụmụ akwụkwọ ìgwè site na akwukwo nri growers na ẹkenam ụmụaka ugbo technology bụ isi e guzobere na ndabere nke brigade, nke, na n'aka, niile pụrụ iche ugbo na Soviet Union nakweere. Ọ ghọrọ onye ndu Soviet n'ịmepụta ụdị akwụkwọ nri dị iche iche wee wepụ ihe karịrị 30 kg (66 lb) kukumba kwa mita n'otu square site na griin haus ma ọ bụrụ na ndị otu ya nwetara 10–12 kg (22–26 lb). Ndị otu Parshina nwetara afọ ojuju na ihe karịrị mmadụ 100 na-arụ ọrụ.[2] Ọ lara ezumike nká na 2001. N'afọ 1965, Parshina ghọrọ onye otu Communist Party nke Soviet Union . <ref name="WarHeroesBio"/><ref name="LibruEntry">{{Cite web|title=Паршина Валентина Романовна [17.03.1937]|url=http://www.az-libr.ru/index.shtml?Persons&000/Src/0004/165ce410|publisher=[[Lib.ru]]|language=ru|accessdate=21 March 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140116222333/www.az-libr.ru/index.shtml?Persons&000/Src/0004/165ce410|archivedate=16 January 2014}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://web.archive.org/web/20140116222333/www.az-libr.ru/index.shtml?Persons&000/Src/0004/165ce410 "Паршина Валентина Романовна &#x5B;17.03.1937&#x5D;"] &#x5B;Parshina Valentina Romanovna [17.03.1937]&#x5D; (in Russian). [[Lib.ru]]. Archived from [http://www.az-libr.ru/index.shtml?Persons&000/Src/0004/165ce410 the original] on 16 January 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 March</span> 2023</span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 Russian-language sources (ru)]]</ref> A na-ahọpụta ya ugboro ugboro ka ọ bụrụ onye nnọchi anya obodo Tyarlevsky na Pushkin district Councils of People's Deputies ma bụrụ onye otu ụlọ ọrụ nke Leningrad Regional Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.<ref name="SchoolEntry">{{Cite web|author=Krylova|first=Elena|title=Как советская власть крестьян в люди выводила? Биографический очерк о Валентине Паршиной|url=https://www.shkolazhizni.ru/biographies/articles/91718/|work=School of Life|language=ru|date=27 September 2022|accessdate=21 March 2023|archivedate=1 September 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220901014133/https://www.shkolazhizni.ru/biographies/articles/91718/}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFKrylova2022">Krylova, Elena (27 September 2022) [8 October 2017]. [https://www.shkolazhizni.ru/biographies/articles/91718/ "Как советская власть крестьян в люди выводила? Биографический очерк о Валентине Паршиной"] &#x5B;How did the Soviet government bring peasants into the people? Biographical sketch of Valentina Parshina&#x5D;. ''School of Life'' (in Russian). [https://web.archive.org/web/20220901014133/https://www.shkolazhizni.ru/biographies/articles/91718/ Archived] from the original on 1 September 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 March</span> 2023</span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 Russian-language sources (ru)]]</ref><ref name="KPRFObit">{{Cite news|title=Ленинградская область. На 84-м году жизни умерла Герой Соцтруда Валентина Паршина|url=https://kprf.ru/party-live/regnews/199298.html|publisher=[[Communist Party of the Russian Federation]]|language=ru|date=21 December 2020|accessdate=21 March 2023}}<cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://kprf.ru/party-live/regnews/199298.html "Ленинградская область. На 84-м году жизни умерла Герой Соцтруда Валентина Паршина"] &#x5B;Leningrad region. Hero of Socialist Labor Valentina Parshina dies at 84&#x5D; (in Russian). [[Òtù Kọmunist nke Russian Federation|Communist Party of the Russian Federation]]. 21 December 2020. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230321140617/https://kprf.ru/party-live/regnews/199298.html Archived] from the original on 21 March 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 March</span> 2023</span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 Russian-language sources (ru)]]</ref> Site na 1979 ruo 1989, Parshina bụ onye ahọpụtara onye nnọchi anya ọgbakọ nke 10th na 11th nke Soviet Union Kasị Elu, [1] ma bụrụ onye nnọchi anya 25th, 26th, 27th na 28th nke Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. Soviet Union nwere site na 1976 ruo 1990.[2] Ọ bụ onye ndoro-ndoro anya na kọmitii etiti nke Communist Party nke Soviet Union n'etiti 1981 na 1989 tupu ọ rụọ ọrụ dị ka onye a họpụtara na Kọmitii Central site na 1989 ruo 1990.[1] Parshina rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye so na Kọmitii Heroes nke Socialist Labour na ndị zuru oke nke Order of Labor Glory ma na-arụsi ọrụ ike na ndụ ọha na eze nke mpaghara Tosnensky..<ref name="KPRFObit" /> == Ndụ onwe onye == Ọ nwụrụ na 21 Disemba 2020. <ref name="KP2020">{{Cite news|author=Lyalin|first=Roman|title=Скончалась герой социалистического труда, почетный житель Ленобласти Валентина Паршина|url=https://www.spb.kp.ru/online/news/4125606/|work=[[Komsomolskaya Pravda]]|language=ru|date=20 December 2020|accessdate=21 March 2023}}<br /><br />{{Cite news|title=Умерла почетная жительница Ленобласти Валентина Паршина|url=https://47channel.ru/event/Umerla_pochetnaya_zhitelnica_Lenoblasti_Valentina_Parshina/|publisher={{ill|Len TV 24|he|Len TV 24|ru|Ленинградская областная телекомпания}}|language=ru|date=21 December 2020|accessdate=21 March 2023}}</ref> == Nsọpụrụ == Enyere Parshina Order nke Red Banner of Labour na 4 Ọgọst 1971 wee nweta Order nke Lenin ugboro abụọ na 12 Nọvemba 1973 na 24 February 1978 na aha Hero of Socialist Labour na “Hammer and Sickle” ọla edo [az; ba; bụru; ka; pl; ru; tr; tt; uk] "N'ihi na ihe ịga nke ọma pụtara ìhè enwetara na All-Union Socialist Asọmpi, ike ịrụ ọrụ egosiri na mmezu nke atụmatụ na ọrụ mmekọrịta ọha na eze ịbawanye mmepụta na ire ngwaahịa ugbo na steeti na 1977."[1] Enyere ya. Usoro mgbanwe nke October na 16 Maachị 1987.[1] Na 2002, Parshina mere nwa amaala na-asọpụrụ nke mpaghara Leningrad.[2] Enyere ya ekele site na telivishọn Len TV 24 [ya; ru] na Maachị 2012.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Букеты для юбиляра|url=http://www.detskoselsky.ru/press/news/327/|publisher=Detskoselsky|language=ru|date=16 March 2012|accessdate=21 March 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140117002512/http://www.detskoselsky.ru/press/news/327/|archivedate=17 January 2014}}</ref> == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} fg3il8ff5anwq0or5yx2waso9ravop0 644212 644203 2026-05-30T19:36:19Z Sylvaline39 15355 fixed reference error 644212 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="infobox biography vcard" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;" |<div class="fn">Valentina Parshina</div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |A mụrụ ya | class="infobox-data" |<div class="nickname" style="display:inline">Valentina Romanovna Parshina</div> <span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1937-03-16</span>)</span> 16 Machị 1937<br /><br /><div class="birthplace" style="display:inline">[[Maslyakovo]] [ce; ru; uk], Dregelsky District <span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal; ">&nbsp;&#x5B;[[:ru:Дрегельский район|ru]]&#x5D;</span>, [[Leningrad Oblast]] (today Lyubotinsky District, [[Novgorod Oblast]]), [[Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic|Russian SFSR]]</div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Nwụrụ | class="infobox-data" |21 Disemba 2020 <span style="display:none">(2020-12-21)</span> (afọ 83) &nbsp; |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Ọrụ (s) | class="infobox-data role" |Onye na-ahụ maka ọrụ ugbo, onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Afọ ndị ọ na-arụsi ọrụ ike&nbsp; | class="infobox-data" |1959–2001 |} Valentina Romanovna Parshina (Russian: Валентина Романовна Паршина; 16 Maachị 1937 - 21 Disemba 2020) bụ onye Soviet na onye Rọshịa na-akọ ugbo na onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị. Ọ bụ onye isi nke ndị na-akụ akwụkwọ nri na Detskoselsky Order of Lenin steeti ugbo nakwa onye a họpụtara na nnọkọ nke iri na iri na otu nke Soviet Kasị Elu nke Soviet Union. ọ nọkwa na Kọmitii Central nke Kọmunist Party nke Soviet Union n'agbata 1989 na 1990. Parshina na ndị otu ya nyere steeti Soviet nri ma nwee afọ ojuju na ndị ọrụ karịrị 100. E nwetara ya site na Order of the Red Banner of Labour, ugboro abụọ nke Order nke Lenin na aha Hero of Socialist Labour, "Hammer and Sickle" ọla edo [az; ba; bụru; ka; pl; ru; tr; tt; uk] na Order nke October mgbanwe == Ndụ mbido == Na 16 Machị 1937, a mụrụ Parshina n'ime nnukwu ezinụlọ ndị ọrụ ugbo n'obodo Maslyakovo [ce; ru; uk], Dregelsky District , Leningrad Oblast (today Lyubotinsky District, Novgorod Oblast).<ref name="WarHeroesBio">{{Cite web|author=Malashenkov|first=Evgeny|title=Паршина Валентина Романовна|url=https://warheroes.ru/hero/hero.asp?Hero_id=17319|publisher={{ill|Homeland heroes|be|Героі краіны (інтэрнэт-сайт)|hy|Երկրի հերոսներ (կայք)|ru|Герои страны}}|language=ru|accessdate=21 March 2023|archivedate=5 April 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220405155737/https://www.warheroes.ru/hero/hero.asp?Hero_id=17319}}</ref><ref name="SchoolEntry">{{Cite web|author=Krylova|first=Elena|title=Как советская власть крестьян в люди выводила? Биографический очерк о Валентине Паршиной|url=https://www.shkolazhizni.ru/biographies/articles/91718/|work=School of Life|language=ru|date=27 September 2022|accessdate=21 March 2023|archivedate=1 September 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220901014133/https://www.shkolazhizni.ru/biographies/articles/91718/}}</ref> Nne ya bụ onye ọrụ n'ugbo na nna ya na-arụ ọrụ dị ka onye na-egbu osisi. Parshina mepụtara ihe yiri ka ọ na-egwu n'ogige ezinụlọ ya site na nwata.<ref name="SchoolEntry" /> Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ, ọ debanyere aha na ngalaba na-akụ akwụkwọ nri nke Ụlọ Ọrụ Ọrụ Ugbo na Pushkin (nke bụzi Mahadum Agrarian nke St. Petersburg), nke ọ gụsịrị na 21 Disemba 1959. <ref name="WarHeroesBio" /><ref name="SchoolEntry" /> Parshina gbachitere diplọma ya na ngalaba "onye ọrụ ugbo na onye ọrụ ugbo".<ref name="SchoolEntry" /> == Ọrụ == Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na ụlọ akwụkwọ ọrụ ugbo, <ref name="KPRFObit">{{Cite news|title=Ленинградская область. На 84-м году жизни умерла Герой Соцтруда Валентина Паршина|url=https://kprf.ru/party-live/regnews/199298.html|publisher=[[Communist Party of the Russian Federation]]|language=ru|date=21 December 2020|accessdate=21 March 2023}}</ref> <ref name="PPTEntry">{{Cite web|title=Паршина Валентина Романовна|url=http://ppt.ru/person.phtml?id=12308|publisher=St. Petersburg Legal Portal|language=ru|accessdate=21 March 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160310133015/http://ppt.ru/person.phtml?id=12308|archivedate=10 March 2016}}</ref> e zigara ya ịrụ ọrụ na Detskoselsky Order of Lenin steeti ugbo na mpaghara Tosnensky, mpaghara Leningrad dị ka onye isi nke ndị na-akụ akwụkwọ nri site na 21 Disemba 1959 <ref name="WarHeroesBio"/><ref name="SchoolEntry"/><ref name="LibruEntry">{{Cite web|title=Паршина Валентина Романовна [17.03.1937]|url=http://www.az-libr.ru/index.shtml?Persons&000/Src/0004/165ce410|publisher=[[Lib.ru]]|language=ru|accessdate=21 March 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140116222333/www.az-libr.ru/index.shtml?Persons&000/Src/0004/165ce410|archivedate=16 January 2014}}</ref> Onye nduzi ugbo ahụ bụ Ivan Sergeevich Shinkarev duziri Parshina, wee banye n'ime akụ na ụba na-ekpo ọkụ nke dị obere ma nwee ike inweta nkà iji zụlite mkpụrụ osisi na akwụkwọ nri n'oge mmepụta na-eto ngwa ngwa. <ref name="SchoolEntry" /><ref name="WarHeroesBio" /> Ndị otu ya nyere steeti ahụ nde mkpụrụ osisi nde ise na 900 t (ton 990) nke ngwaahịa inine mbụ n'ime afọ ise mgbe ugbo ahụ toro na saịtị nke griin haus.[1] Parshina na ndị otu ya na-arụ ọrụ na ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị si Institute of Plant Industry, Agricultural Academy na K. A. Timiryazev na-esonụ nke ụlọ akwụkwọ na-akụziri ụmụ akwụkwọ ìgwè site na akwukwo nri growers na ẹkenam ụmụaka ugbo technology bụ isi e guzobere na ndabere nke brigade, nke, na n'aka, niile pụrụ iche ugbo na Soviet Union nakweere. Ọ ghọrọ onye ndu Soviet n'ịmepụta ụdị akwụkwọ nri dị iche iche wee wepụ ihe karịrị 30 kg (66 lb) kukumba kwa mita n'otu square site na griin haus ma ọ bụrụ na ndị otu ya nwetara 10–12 kg (22–26 lb). Ndị otu Parshina nwetara afọ ojuju na ihe karịrị mmadụ 100 na-arụ ọrụ.[2] Ọ lara ezumike nká na 2001. N'afọ 1965, Parshina ghọrọ onye otu Communist Party nke Soviet Union . <ref name="WarHeroesBio"/><ref name="LibruEntry">{{Cite web|title=Паршина Валентина Романовна [17.03.1937]|url=http://www.az-libr.ru/index.shtml?Persons&000/Src/0004/165ce410|publisher=[[Lib.ru]]|language=ru|accessdate=21 March 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140116222333/www.az-libr.ru/index.shtml?Persons&000/Src/0004/165ce410|archivedate=16 January 2014}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://web.archive.org/web/20140116222333/www.az-libr.ru/index.shtml?Persons&000/Src/0004/165ce410 "Паршина Валентина Романовна &#x5B;17.03.1937&#x5D;"] &#x5B;Parshina Valentina Romanovna [17.03.1937]&#x5D; (in Russian). [[Lib.ru]]. Archived from [http://www.az-libr.ru/index.shtml?Persons&000/Src/0004/165ce410 the original] on 16 January 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 March</span> 2023</span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 Russian-language sources (ru)]]</ref> A na-ahọpụta ya ugboro ugboro ka ọ bụrụ onye nnọchi anya obodo Tyarlevsky na Pushkin district Councils of People's Deputies ma bụrụ onye otu ụlọ ọrụ nke Leningrad Regional Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.<ref name="SchoolEntry"/><ref name="KPRFObit">{{Cite news|title=Ленинградская область. На 84-м году жизни умерла Герой Соцтруда Валентина Паршина|url=https://kprf.ru/party-live/regnews/199298.html|publisher=[[Communist Party of the Russian Federation]]|language=ru|date=21 December 2020|accessdate=21 March 2023}}<cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://kprf.ru/party-live/regnews/199298.html "Ленинградская область. На 84-м году жизни умерла Герой Соцтруда Валентина Паршина"] &#x5B;Leningrad region. Hero of Socialist Labor Valentina Parshina dies at 84&#x5D; (in Russian). [[Òtù Kọmunist nke Russian Federation|Communist Party of the Russian Federation]]. 21 December 2020. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230321140617/https://kprf.ru/party-live/regnews/199298.html Archived] from the original on 21 March 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 March</span> 2023</span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 Russian-language sources (ru)]]</ref> Site na 1979 ruo 1989, Parshina bụ onye ahọpụtara onye nnọchi anya ọgbakọ nke 10th na 11th nke Soviet Union Kasị Elu, [1] ma bụrụ onye nnọchi anya 25th, 26th, 27th na 28th nke Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. Soviet Union nwere site na 1976 ruo 1990.[2] Ọ bụ onye ndoro-ndoro anya na kọmitii etiti nke Communist Party nke Soviet Union n'etiti 1981 na 1989 tupu ọ rụọ ọrụ dị ka onye a họpụtara na Kọmitii Central site na 1989 ruo 1990.[1] Parshina rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye so na Kọmitii Heroes nke Socialist Labour na ndị zuru oke nke Order of Labor Glory ma na-arụsi ọrụ ike na ndụ ọha na eze nke mpaghara Tosnensky..<ref name="KPRFObit" /> == Ndụ onwe onye == Ọ nwụrụ na 21 Disemba 2020. <ref name="KP2020">{{Cite news|author=Lyalin|first=Roman|title=Скончалась герой социалистического труда, почетный житель Ленобласти Валентина Паршина|url=https://www.spb.kp.ru/online/news/4125606/|work=[[Komsomolskaya Pravda]]|language=ru|date=20 December 2020|accessdate=21 March 2023}}<br /><br />{{Cite news|title=Умерла почетная жительница Ленобласти Валентина Паршина|url=https://47channel.ru/event/Umerla_pochetnaya_zhitelnica_Lenoblasti_Valentina_Parshina/|publisher={{ill|Len TV 24|he|Len TV 24|ru|Ленинградская областная телекомпания}}|language=ru|date=21 December 2020|accessdate=21 March 2023}}</ref> == Nsọpụrụ == Enyere Parshina Order nke Red Banner of Labour na 4 Ọgọst 1971 wee nweta Order nke Lenin ugboro abụọ na 12 Nọvemba 1973 na 24 February 1978 na aha Hero of Socialist Labour na “Hammer and Sickle” ọla edo [az; ba; bụru; ka; pl; ru; tr; tt; uk] "N'ihi na ihe ịga nke ọma pụtara ìhè enwetara na All-Union Socialist Asọmpi, ike ịrụ ọrụ egosiri na mmezu nke atụmatụ na ọrụ mmekọrịta ọha na eze ịbawanye mmepụta na ire ngwaahịa ugbo na steeti na 1977."[1] Enyere ya. Usoro mgbanwe nke October na 16 Maachị 1987.[1] Na 2002, Parshina mere nwa amaala na-asọpụrụ nke mpaghara Leningrad.[2] Enyere ya ekele site na telivishọn Len TV 24 [ya; ru] na Maachị 2012.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Букеты для юбиляра|url=http://www.detskoselsky.ru/press/news/327/|publisher=Detskoselsky|language=ru|date=16 March 2012|accessdate=21 March 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140117002512/http://www.detskoselsky.ru/press/news/327/|archivedate=17 January 2014}}</ref> == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} 15lhe26ijzliqd0t40p2yjhw8zucjlj 644219 644212 2026-05-30T19:38:04Z Sylvaline39 15355 fixed reference error 644219 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="infobox biography vcard" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;" |<div class="fn">Valentina Parshina</div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |A mụrụ ya | class="infobox-data" |<div class="nickname" style="display:inline">Valentina Romanovna Parshina</div> <span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1937-03-16</span>)</span> 16 Machị 1937<br /><br /><div class="birthplace" style="display:inline">[[Maslyakovo]] [ce; ru; uk], Dregelsky District <span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal; ">&nbsp;&#x5B;[[:ru:Дрегельский район|ru]]&#x5D;</span>, [[Leningrad Oblast]] (today Lyubotinsky District, [[Novgorod Oblast]]), [[Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic|Russian SFSR]]</div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Nwụrụ | class="infobox-data" |21 Disemba 2020 <span style="display:none">(2020-12-21)</span> (afọ 83) &nbsp; |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Ọrụ (s) | class="infobox-data role" |Onye na-ahụ maka ọrụ ugbo, onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Afọ ndị ọ na-arụsi ọrụ ike&nbsp; | class="infobox-data" |1959–2001 |} Valentina Romanovna Parshina (Russian: Валентина Романовна Паршина; 16 Maachị 1937 - 21 Disemba 2020) bụ onye Soviet na onye Rọshịa na-akọ ugbo na onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị. Ọ bụ onye isi nke ndị na-akụ akwụkwọ nri na Detskoselsky Order of Lenin steeti ugbo nakwa onye a họpụtara na nnọkọ nke iri na iri na otu nke Soviet Kasị Elu nke Soviet Union. ọ nọkwa na Kọmitii Central nke Kọmunist Party nke Soviet Union n'agbata 1989 na 1990. Parshina na ndị otu ya nyere steeti Soviet nri ma nwee afọ ojuju na ndị ọrụ karịrị 100. E nwetara ya site na Order of the Red Banner of Labour, ugboro abụọ nke Order nke Lenin na aha Hero of Socialist Labour, "Hammer and Sickle" ọla edo [az; ba; bụru; ka; pl; ru; tr; tt; uk] na Order nke October mgbanwe == Ndụ mbido == Na 16 Machị 1937, a mụrụ Parshina n'ime nnukwu ezinụlọ ndị ọrụ ugbo n'obodo Maslyakovo [ce; ru; uk], Dregelsky District , Leningrad Oblast (today Lyubotinsky District, Novgorod Oblast).<ref name="WarHeroesBio">{{Cite web|author=Malashenkov|first=Evgeny|title=Паршина Валентина Романовна|url=https://warheroes.ru/hero/hero.asp?Hero_id=17319|publisher={{ill|Homeland heroes|be|Героі краіны (інтэрнэт-сайт)|hy|Երկրի հերոսներ (կայք)|ru|Герои страны}}|language=ru|accessdate=21 March 2023|archivedate=5 April 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220405155737/https://www.warheroes.ru/hero/hero.asp?Hero_id=17319}}</ref><ref name="SchoolEntry">{{Cite web|author=Krylova|first=Elena|title=Как советская власть крестьян в люди выводила? Биографический очерк о Валентине Паршиной|url=https://www.shkolazhizni.ru/biographies/articles/91718/|work=School of Life|language=ru|date=27 September 2022|accessdate=21 March 2023|archivedate=1 September 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220901014133/https://www.shkolazhizni.ru/biographies/articles/91718/}}</ref> Nne ya bụ onye ọrụ n'ugbo na nna ya na-arụ ọrụ dị ka onye na-egbu osisi. Parshina mepụtara ihe yiri ka ọ na-egwu n'ogige ezinụlọ ya site na nwata.<ref name="SchoolEntry" /> Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ, ọ debanyere aha na ngalaba na-akụ akwụkwọ nri nke Ụlọ Ọrụ Ọrụ Ugbo na Pushkin (nke bụzi Mahadum Agrarian nke St. Petersburg), nke ọ gụsịrị na 21 Disemba 1959. <ref name="WarHeroesBio" /><ref name="SchoolEntry" /> Parshina gbachitere diplọma ya na ngalaba "onye ọrụ ugbo na onye ọrụ ugbo".<ref name="SchoolEntry" /> == Ọrụ == Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na ụlọ akwụkwọ ọrụ ugbo, <ref name="KPRFObit">{{Cite news|title=Ленинградская область. На 84-м году жизни умерла Герой Соцтруда Валентина Паршина|url=https://kprf.ru/party-live/regnews/199298.html|publisher=[[Communist Party of the Russian Federation]]|language=ru|date=21 December 2020|accessdate=21 March 2023}}</ref> <ref name="PPTEntry">{{Cite web|title=Паршина Валентина Романовна|url=http://ppt.ru/person.phtml?id=12308|publisher=St. Petersburg Legal Portal|language=ru|accessdate=21 March 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160310133015/http://ppt.ru/person.phtml?id=12308|archivedate=10 March 2016}}</ref> e zigara ya ịrụ ọrụ na Detskoselsky Order of Lenin steeti ugbo na mpaghara Tosnensky, mpaghara Leningrad dị ka onye isi nke ndị na-akụ akwụkwọ nri site na 21 Disemba 1959 <ref name="WarHeroesBio"/><ref name="SchoolEntry"/><ref name="LibruEntry">{{Cite web|title=Паршина Валентина Романовна [17.03.1937]|url=http://www.az-libr.ru/index.shtml?Persons&000/Src/0004/165ce410|publisher=[[Lib.ru]]|language=ru|accessdate=21 March 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140116222333/www.az-libr.ru/index.shtml?Persons&000/Src/0004/165ce410|archivedate=16 January 2014}}</ref> Onye nduzi ugbo ahụ bụ Ivan Sergeevich Shinkarev duziri Parshina, wee banye n'ime akụ na ụba na-ekpo ọkụ nke dị obere ma nwee ike inweta nkà iji zụlite mkpụrụ osisi na akwụkwọ nri n'oge mmepụta na-eto ngwa ngwa. <ref name="SchoolEntry" /><ref name="WarHeroesBio" /> Ndị otu ya nyere steeti ahụ nde mkpụrụ osisi nde ise na 900 t (ton 990) nke ngwaahịa inine mbụ n'ime afọ ise mgbe ugbo ahụ toro na saịtị nke griin haus.[1] Parshina na ndị otu ya na-arụ ọrụ na ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị si Institute of Plant Industry, Agricultural Academy na K. A. Timiryazev na-esonụ nke ụlọ akwụkwọ na-akụziri ụmụ akwụkwọ ìgwè site na akwukwo nri growers na ẹkenam ụmụaka ugbo technology bụ isi e guzobere na ndabere nke brigade, nke, na n'aka, niile pụrụ iche ugbo na Soviet Union nakweere. Ọ ghọrọ onye ndu Soviet n'ịmepụta ụdị akwụkwọ nri dị iche iche wee wepụ ihe karịrị 30 kg (66 lb) kukumba kwa mita n'otu square site na griin haus ma ọ bụrụ na ndị otu ya nwetara 10–12 kg (22–26 lb). Ndị otu Parshina nwetara afọ ojuju na ihe karịrị mmadụ 100 na-arụ ọrụ.[2] Ọ lara ezumike nká na 2001. N'afọ 1965, Parshina ghọrọ onye otu Communist Party nke Soviet Union . <ref name="WarHeroesBio"/><ref name="LibruEntry">{{Cite web|title=Паршина Валентина Романовна [17.03.1937]|url=http://www.az-libr.ru/index.shtml?Persons&000/Src/0004/165ce410|publisher=[[Lib.ru]]|language=ru|accessdate=21 March 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140116222333/www.az-libr.ru/index.shtml?Persons&000/Src/0004/165ce410|archivedate=16 January 2014}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://web.archive.org/web/20140116222333/www.az-libr.ru/index.shtml?Persons&000/Src/0004/165ce410 "Паршина Валентина Романовна &#x5B;17.03.1937&#x5D;"] &#x5B;Parshina Valentina Romanovna [17.03.1937]&#x5D; (in Russian). [[Lib.ru]]. Archived from [http://www.az-libr.ru/index.shtml?Persons&000/Src/0004/165ce410 the original] on 16 January 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 March</span> 2023</span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 Russian-language sources (ru)]]</ref> A na-ahọpụta ya ugboro ugboro ka ọ bụrụ onye nnọchi anya obodo Tyarlevsky na Pushkin district Councils of People's Deputies ma bụrụ onye otu ụlọ ọrụ nke Leningrad Regional Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.<ref name="SchoolEntry"/><ref name="KPRFObit"/> Site na 1979 ruo 1989, Parshina bụ onye ahọpụtara onye nnọchi anya ọgbakọ nke 10th na 11th nke Soviet Union Kasị Elu, [1] ma bụrụ onye nnọchi anya 25th, 26th, 27th na 28th nke Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. Soviet Union nwere site na 1976 ruo 1990.[2] Ọ bụ onye ndoro-ndoro anya na kọmitii etiti nke Communist Party nke Soviet Union n'etiti 1981 na 1989 tupu ọ rụọ ọrụ dị ka onye a họpụtara na Kọmitii Central site na 1989 ruo 1990.[1] Parshina rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye so na Kọmitii Heroes nke Socialist Labour na ndị zuru oke nke Order of Labor Glory ma na-arụsi ọrụ ike na ndụ ọha na eze nke mpaghara Tosnensky..<ref name="KPRFObit" /> == Ndụ onwe onye == Ọ nwụrụ na 21 Disemba 2020. <ref name="KP2020">{{Cite news|author=Lyalin|first=Roman|title=Скончалась герой социалистического труда, почетный житель Ленобласти Валентина Паршина|url=https://www.spb.kp.ru/online/news/4125606/|work=[[Komsomolskaya Pravda]]|language=ru|date=20 December 2020|accessdate=21 March 2023}}<br /><br />{{Cite news|title=Умерла почетная жительница Ленобласти Валентина Паршина|url=https://47channel.ru/event/Umerla_pochetnaya_zhitelnica_Lenoblasti_Valentina_Parshina/|publisher={{ill|Len TV 24|he|Len TV 24|ru|Ленинградская областная телекомпания}}|language=ru|date=21 December 2020|accessdate=21 March 2023}}</ref> == Nsọpụrụ == Enyere Parshina Order nke Red Banner of Labour na 4 Ọgọst 1971 wee nweta Order nke Lenin ugboro abụọ na 12 Nọvemba 1973 na 24 February 1978 na aha Hero of Socialist Labour na “Hammer and Sickle” ọla edo [az; ba; bụru; ka; pl; ru; tr; tt; uk] "N'ihi na ihe ịga nke ọma pụtara ìhè enwetara na All-Union Socialist Asọmpi, ike ịrụ ọrụ egosiri na mmezu nke atụmatụ na ọrụ mmekọrịta ọha na eze ịbawanye mmepụta na ire ngwaahịa ugbo na steeti na 1977."[1] Enyere ya. Usoro mgbanwe nke October na 16 Maachị 1987.[1] Na 2002, Parshina mere nwa amaala na-asọpụrụ nke mpaghara Leningrad.[2] Enyere ya ekele site na telivishọn Len TV 24 [ya; ru] na Maachị 2012.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Букеты для юбиляра|url=http://www.detskoselsky.ru/press/news/327/|publisher=Detskoselsky|language=ru|date=16 March 2012|accessdate=21 March 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140117002512/http://www.detskoselsky.ru/press/news/327/|archivedate=17 January 2014}}</ref> == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} tp7ptk66r0sem37f86lg4o5jdrb3coz 644225 644219 2026-05-30T19:39:41Z Sylvaline39 15355 fixed reference error 644225 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="infobox biography vcard" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;" |<div class="fn">Valentina Parshina</div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |A mụrụ ya | class="infobox-data" |<div class="nickname" style="display:inline">Valentina Romanovna Parshina</div> <span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1937-03-16</span>)</span> 16 Machị 1937<br /><br /><div class="birthplace" style="display:inline">[[Maslyakovo]] [ce; ru; uk], Dregelsky District <span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal; ">&nbsp;&#x5B;[[:ru:Дрегельский район|ru]]&#x5D;</span>, [[Leningrad Oblast]] (today Lyubotinsky District, [[Novgorod Oblast]]), [[Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic|Russian SFSR]]</div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Nwụrụ | class="infobox-data" |21 Disemba 2020 <span style="display:none">(2020-12-21)</span> (afọ 83) &nbsp; |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Ọrụ (s) | class="infobox-data role" |Onye na-ahụ maka ọrụ ugbo, onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Afọ ndị ọ na-arụsi ọrụ ike&nbsp; | class="infobox-data" |1959–2001 |} Valentina Romanovna Parshina (Russian: Валентина Романовна Паршина; 16 Maachị 1937 - 21 Disemba 2020) bụ onye Soviet na onye Rọshịa na-akọ ugbo na onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị. Ọ bụ onye isi nke ndị na-akụ akwụkwọ nri na Detskoselsky Order of Lenin steeti ugbo nakwa onye a họpụtara na nnọkọ nke iri na iri na otu nke Soviet Kasị Elu nke Soviet Union. ọ nọkwa na Kọmitii Central nke Kọmunist Party nke Soviet Union n'agbata 1989 na 1990. Parshina na ndị otu ya nyere steeti Soviet nri ma nwee afọ ojuju na ndị ọrụ karịrị 100. E nwetara ya site na Order of the Red Banner of Labour, ugboro abụọ nke Order nke Lenin na aha Hero of Socialist Labour, "Hammer and Sickle" ọla edo [az; ba; bụru; ka; pl; ru; tr; tt; uk] na Order nke October mgbanwe == Ndụ mbido == Na 16 Machị 1937, a mụrụ Parshina n'ime nnukwu ezinụlọ ndị ọrụ ugbo n'obodo Maslyakovo [ce; ru; uk], Dregelsky District , Leningrad Oblast (today Lyubotinsky District, Novgorod Oblast).<ref name="WarHeroesBio">{{Cite web|author=Malashenkov|first=Evgeny|title=Паршина Валентина Романовна|url=https://warheroes.ru/hero/hero.asp?Hero_id=17319|publisher={{ill|Homeland heroes|be|Героі краіны (інтэрнэт-сайт)|hy|Երկրի հերոսներ (կայք)|ru|Герои страны}}|language=ru|accessdate=21 March 2023|archivedate=5 April 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220405155737/https://www.warheroes.ru/hero/hero.asp?Hero_id=17319}}</ref><ref name="SchoolEntry">{{Cite web|author=Krylova|first=Elena|title=Как советская власть крестьян в люди выводила? Биографический очерк о Валентине Паршиной|url=https://www.shkolazhizni.ru/biographies/articles/91718/|work=School of Life|language=ru|date=27 September 2022|accessdate=21 March 2023|archivedate=1 September 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220901014133/https://www.shkolazhizni.ru/biographies/articles/91718/}}</ref> Nne ya bụ onye ọrụ n'ugbo na nna ya na-arụ ọrụ dị ka onye na-egbu osisi. Parshina mepụtara ihe yiri ka ọ na-egwu n'ogige ezinụlọ ya site na nwata.<ref name="SchoolEntry" /> Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ, ọ debanyere aha na ngalaba na-akụ akwụkwọ nri nke Ụlọ Ọrụ Ọrụ Ugbo na Pushkin (nke bụzi Mahadum Agrarian nke St. Petersburg), nke ọ gụsịrị na 21 Disemba 1959. <ref name="WarHeroesBio" /><ref name="SchoolEntry" /> Parshina gbachitere diplọma ya na ngalaba "onye ọrụ ugbo na onye ọrụ ugbo".<ref name="SchoolEntry" /> == Ọrụ == Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na ụlọ akwụkwọ ọrụ ugbo, <ref name="KPRFObit">{{Cite news|title=Ленинградская область. На 84-м году жизни умерла Герой Соцтруда Валентина Паршина|url=https://kprf.ru/party-live/regnews/199298.html|publisher=[[Communist Party of the Russian Federation]]|language=ru|date=21 December 2020|accessdate=21 March 2023}}</ref> <ref name="PPTEntry">{{Cite web|title=Паршина Валентина Романовна|url=http://ppt.ru/person.phtml?id=12308|publisher=St. Petersburg Legal Portal|language=ru|accessdate=21 March 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160310133015/http://ppt.ru/person.phtml?id=12308|archivedate=10 March 2016}}</ref> e zigara ya ịrụ ọrụ na Detskoselsky Order of Lenin steeti ugbo na mpaghara Tosnensky, mpaghara Leningrad dị ka onye isi nke ndị na-akụ akwụkwọ nri site na 21 Disemba 1959 <ref name="WarHeroesBio"/><ref name="SchoolEntry"/><ref name="LibruEntry">{{Cite web|title=Паршина Валентина Романовна [17.03.1937]|url=http://www.az-libr.ru/index.shtml?Persons&000/Src/0004/165ce410|publisher=[[Lib.ru]]|language=ru|accessdate=21 March 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140116222333/www.az-libr.ru/index.shtml?Persons&000/Src/0004/165ce410|archivedate=16 January 2014}}</ref> Onye nduzi ugbo ahụ bụ Ivan Sergeevich Shinkarev duziri Parshina, wee banye n'ime akụ na ụba na-ekpo ọkụ nke dị obere ma nwee ike inweta nkà iji zụlite mkpụrụ osisi na akwụkwọ nri n'oge mmepụta na-eto ngwa ngwa. <ref name="SchoolEntry" /><ref name="WarHeroesBio" /> Ndị otu ya nyere steeti ahụ nde mkpụrụ osisi nde ise na 900 t (ton 990) nke ngwaahịa inine mbụ n'ime afọ ise mgbe ugbo ahụ toro na saịtị nke griin haus.[1] Parshina na ndị otu ya na-arụ ọrụ na ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị si Institute of Plant Industry, Agricultural Academy na K. A. Timiryazev na-esonụ nke ụlọ akwụkwọ na-akụziri ụmụ akwụkwọ ìgwè site na akwukwo nri growers na ẹkenam ụmụaka ugbo technology bụ isi e guzobere na ndabere nke brigade, nke, na n'aka, niile pụrụ iche ugbo na Soviet Union nakweere. Ọ ghọrọ onye ndu Soviet n'ịmepụta ụdị akwụkwọ nri dị iche iche wee wepụ ihe karịrị 30 kg (66 lb) kukumba kwa mita n'otu square site na griin haus ma ọ bụrụ na ndị otu ya nwetara 10–12 kg (22–26 lb). Ndị otu Parshina nwetara afọ ojuju na ihe karịrị mmadụ 100 na-arụ ọrụ.[2] Ọ lara ezumike nká na 2001. N'afọ 1965, Parshina ghọrọ onye otu Communist Party nke Soviet Union . <ref name="WarHeroesBio"/><ref name="LibruEntry"/> A na-ahọpụta ya ugboro ugboro ka ọ bụrụ onye nnọchi anya obodo Tyarlevsky na Pushkin district Councils of People's Deputies ma bụrụ onye otu ụlọ ọrụ nke Leningrad Regional Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.<ref name="SchoolEntry"/><ref name="KPRFObit"/> Site na 1979 ruo 1989, Parshina bụ onye ahọpụtara onye nnọchi anya ọgbakọ nke 10th na 11th nke Soviet Union Kasị Elu, [1] ma bụrụ onye nnọchi anya 25th, 26th, 27th na 28th nke Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. Soviet Union nwere site na 1976 ruo 1990.[2] Ọ bụ onye ndoro-ndoro anya na kọmitii etiti nke Communist Party nke Soviet Union n'etiti 1981 na 1989 tupu ọ rụọ ọrụ dị ka onye a họpụtara na Kọmitii Central site na 1989 ruo 1990.[1] Parshina rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye so na Kọmitii Heroes nke Socialist Labour na ndị zuru oke nke Order of Labor Glory ma na-arụsi ọrụ ike na ndụ ọha na eze nke mpaghara Tosnensky..<ref name="KPRFObit" /> == Ndụ onwe onye == Ọ nwụrụ na 21 Disemba 2020. <ref name="KP2020">{{Cite news|author=Lyalin|first=Roman|title=Скончалась герой социалистического труда, почетный житель Ленобласти Валентина Паршина|url=https://www.spb.kp.ru/online/news/4125606/|work=[[Komsomolskaya Pravda]]|language=ru|date=20 December 2020|accessdate=21 March 2023}}<br /><br />{{Cite news|title=Умерла почетная жительница Ленобласти Валентина Паршина|url=https://47channel.ru/event/Umerla_pochetnaya_zhitelnica_Lenoblasti_Valentina_Parshina/|publisher={{ill|Len TV 24|he|Len TV 24|ru|Ленинградская областная телекомпания}}|language=ru|date=21 December 2020|accessdate=21 March 2023}}</ref> == Nsọpụrụ == Enyere Parshina Order nke Red Banner of Labour na 4 Ọgọst 1971 wee nweta Order nke Lenin ugboro abụọ na 12 Nọvemba 1973 na 24 February 1978 na aha Hero of Socialist Labour na “Hammer and Sickle” ọla edo [az; ba; bụru; ka; pl; ru; tr; tt; uk] "N'ihi na ihe ịga nke ọma pụtara ìhè enwetara na All-Union Socialist Asọmpi, ike ịrụ ọrụ egosiri na mmezu nke atụmatụ na ọrụ mmekọrịta ọha na eze ịbawanye mmepụta na ire ngwaahịa ugbo na steeti na 1977."[1] Enyere ya. Usoro mgbanwe nke October na 16 Maachị 1987.[1] Na 2002, Parshina mere nwa amaala na-asọpụrụ nke mpaghara Leningrad.[2] Enyere ya ekele site na telivishọn Len TV 24 [ya; ru] na Maachị 2012.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Букеты для юбиляра|url=http://www.detskoselsky.ru/press/news/327/|publisher=Detskoselsky|language=ru|date=16 March 2012|accessdate=21 March 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140117002512/http://www.detskoselsky.ru/press/news/327/|archivedate=17 January 2014}}</ref> == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} 4ce56ikded6l3ls9lmz60mo14nk392q 0 53271 644193 190415 2026-05-30T19:28:13Z Sylvaline39 15355 fixed reference error 644193 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|URL=http://valentineavoh.com}} '''Valentine Avoh''' bụ onye Belgium na-emepụta ejiji nke sitere na Ivorian. Ọ bụ onye na-emepụta uwe agbamakwụkwọ, onye edemede, onye nta akụkọ na onye na-ese foto. Ọ malitere akara nke ya na 2015 mgbe ọ rụsịrị ọrụ maka ndị na-emepụta ejiji Alexander McQueen, Samantha Shaw, Alexis Mabille, Sam Andrès Milano, Label uwe agbamakwụkwọ Spanish Pronovias na onye mmebe Marc Philippe Coudeyre. N'ịgbaso mmekọrịta ọha na eze Black Lives Matter na United States, Valentine Avoh ka ebipụtara na The Coveteur na New York Times dị ka onye na-eto eto na nkà nke European Black nwanyị na-emepụta nwunye ọhụrụ na ndị na-alụ ọhụrụ (akwụkwọ akụkọ) dị ka otu n'ime "20 Black Wedding Dress. Ndị nrụpụta ga-amata" na 2021 == Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ == Valentine Avoh tolitere na Brussels na Belgium na obodo Tervueren na Wezembeek-Opem na mpaghara Flemish nke Belgium ya na nne ya bụ onye na-akwụ ụgwọ na nna nkuchi ya bụ ọkachamara n'ihe banyere akụ na ụba. Na mmalite, ọ bụ nwa nwere ihe okike, ọ na-amasịkarị ejiji na eserese.[1] Ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ sekọndrị na Institut Don Bosco na obodo Woluwe-Saint-Pierre wee gaa ụlọ akwụkwọ obibi ebe ọ malitere oru ngo nke ngalaba akwụkwọ akụkọ ejiji n'ọbá akwụkwọ ụlọ akwụkwọ ya. Ọ zụrụ azụ azụmaahịa na nzikọrịta ozi na Haute Ecole ICHEC tupu ịmalite ọrụ okike karịa. Valentine Avoh mụtara imewe ejiji na ịkpụ ụkpụrụ na London College of Fashion ebe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na 2006. == Ọrụ == O nwere ahụmịhe ọrụ mbụ ya na Alexander McQueen dị ka onye na-arụ ọrụ na ụlọ ọrụ imepụta ihe maka oge abụọ ruo mgbe ọ rụkọtara ọrụ ikpeazụ maka nchịkọta Spring-Summer 2010, nke bụ nchịkọta ikpeazụ McQueen mere n'oge ndụ ya. Na Alexander MQueen, Avoh chọpụtara mkpa ọ dị iwe oge: "Amụtala m mkpa oge dị, ịmepụta ihe mara mma ị chọrọ iji belata". Ọnwa isii a na-arụ ọrụ dị mkpa n'ọrụ ya: "Ịrụ ọrụ na McQueen na-agbanwe ndụ m n'ezie, ebe ọ bụ na usoro okike ya na ndidi a na-etinye n'ime nke ọ bụla n'ime ihe ndị ọ bụla, mana nke ka mkpa, otu o si arụ ọrụ akwa ọ bụla ma gbanwee ya iji mee ka ọ bụrụ nke ya. Dị ka m nwee azụmahịa nke ya site na nwata, echiche ahụ nọgidere na-aga n'ihu n'isi m ruo 2015, mgbe emesịrị m ikpe ịmalite akara ahụ ma mepee ụlọ ọrụ m na Brussels. " (The Coveteur, 2020) <ref name=":1">{{Cite web|date=2020-07-09|title=Bridal Designers of Color to Know—and Support Forever|url=https://coveteur.com/2020/07/09/bridal-designers-of-color/|accessdate=2021-07-01|work=Coveteur: Inside Closets, Fashion, Beauty, Health, and Travel|language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://coveteur.com/2020/07/09/bridal-designers-of-color/ "Bridal Designers of Color to Know—and Support Forever"]. ''Coveteur: Inside Closets, Fashion, Beauty, Health, and Travel''. 2020-07-09<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-07-01</span></span>.</cite></ref> N'afọ 2007, Valentine Avoh rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye na-emepụta ejiji maka onye na-ese ejiji agbamakwụkwọ na London bụ Samantha Shaw. Mgbe ahụ, ọ kwagara Paris, ọ rụrụ ọrụ maka onye na-emepụta ihe ejiji Alexis Mabille na 2009. N'otu afọ ahụ, Valentine malitere imepụta uwe agbamakwụkwọ mbụ ya maka enyi ya site na iji ábụ́bà nnụnụ ma zụlite mmasị na mpaghara a. Ruo afọ ole na ole, ọ nọgidere na-arụ ọrụ maka ụlọ ọrụ na-emepụta ihe mgbe ọ na-emepụta ma na-akwa uwe agbamakwụkwọ maka ndị ahịa onwe ha. Na-eso onye ya na onye Ịtali, ọ kwagara Milan ma rụọ ọrụ maka akara ejiji San Andrès. Ọ nọkwa na-agbapụ foto ụdị n'okporo ámá maka blọgụ ịntanetị ya. O meziri uwe agbamakwụkwọ atọ iji kpọsaa ọrụ aka ya wee malite akara nke ya. Laghachi na Brussels, ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye na-akwa akwa maka mgbanwe maka akara uwe agbamakwụkwọ Spanish Pronovias, ọ haziri wee bịanye aka na ụdị azụmaahịa mbụ ya akpọrọ “Jackie” maka ụlọ ahịa uwe agbamakwụkwọ dabere na Brussels Love Sweet wdg.[1] Nhazi "Jackie" bịara nwee ihe ịga nke ọma ma gosipụta ọchịchọ ya ịmalite dị ka onye na-emepụta agbamakwụkwọ. N'afọ 2014, o mere uwe abụọ maka Queen Mathilde nke Belgium n'okpuru aha onye na-emepụta ejiji Marc Philippe Coudeyre, ọ bụ n'oge ahụ onye isi ụlọ ọrụ ya ma mepụta ụkpụrụ ma dụkọta uwe mgbe ya na Queen Mathilde of Belgium. Queen Mathilde nke Belgium yi uwe ya n'oge 2014 nke ememe Fête Nationale Belge n'oge National ball. Eze Nwanyị ahụ yi uwe a ọtụtụ ugboro mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị. N'afọ 2015, Valentine Avoh guzobere akara aha ya na Brussels wee mepee ohere nke ya n'afọ 2017 nke a na-akpọ "Atelier Valentine Avoh".<ref>{{Cite web|author=Hoo|first=Fawnia Soo|title=How to Shop For Your Dream Wedding Outfit to Dress Up or Down Later, Just in Case|url=https://fashionista.com/2021/02/how-to-dress-up-down-wedding-look-outfit-dress|accessdate=2021-07-01|work=Fashionista|date=24 February 2021|language=en}}</ref> == Ụlọ ọrụ Valentine Avoh == A na-esikarị na fim site na 30s ruo 50s mgbe ụmụ nwanyị bụ ultra-feminine nweta ihe mkpali Valentine Avoh. Ọ bụ ụmụ nwanyị na-eme ihe nkiri dị ka Jean Harlow, Marlene Dietrich na Dorothy Dandridge kpaliri ya. Ọ na-akọwa ụdị ya dị ka obere igwu egwu na akwa na-ahụ anya dịka silk, lace, tulle na ihe ndị dị ka ábụ́bà na ihe ndị mara mma. "Ana m eche uwe m dị ka kapet na-acha ọbara ọbara, nke e mere iji mee ka mmetụta siri ike, mana nke ka mkpa, ha bụ maka ụmụ nwanyị niile chọrọ ime ka ọdịdị nwanyị ha pụta ìhè n'emeghị ka ọ dị mfe. " (The New York Times) <ref name=":0">{{Cite news|author=Braff|first=Danielle|date=2020-10-07|title=Get to Know These Black Bridal Designers|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/07/style/get-to-know-these-black-bridal-designers.html|accessdate=2021-07-01}}</ref> A na-eme atụmatụ ya na atelier ya na Etterbeek, ụfọdụ n'ime ihe a na-akpa ya bụ nke ejiri aka kpụọ n'India. N'ajụjụ ọnụ ya na Yeba Olaye, o gosipụtara n'ọchịchọ ka ọ dị kpọmkwem ka azụmahịa ejiji agbamakwụkwọ si dị, na-achọsi ike imegharị ndị ahịa "bụ ndị na-adịghị alaghachi azụ ahịa" bụ ihe ịma aka mgbe niile nye ndị na-emepụta uwe agbamakwụkwọ. N'otu edemede nke Coveteur nke Sana F. Khan, Avoh kwupụtara isi iyi nke echiche ya: "Atelier Valentine Avoh bịara dị ka ọchịchọ ime ka ịhụnanya m dịghachi ndụ maka haute couture na Belgium, na imepụta mmiri dị mma, na uwe agbamakwụkwọ zuru oke. Akara m sitere n'ike mmụọ nsọ nke oge ọla edo nke sinima, jazz, na ụmụ nwanyị amaala, mana atụmatụ m bụ maka ndị niile chọrọ ime ka ha pụta ìhè n'enweghị imebi ịdị mfe. Achọrọ m ịmepụta ihe ngosi nke enwere ike iyi maka kapet ma ọ bụ agbamakwụkwọ.<ref name=":1"/> N'afọ 2021, Valentine mere uwe agbamakwụkwọ maka onye na-eme ihe nkiri Clark Backo na Amazon Prime rom-com I want you back set to release in February 2022. == Edensibia == <references /> [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 04ik481zdmpwbwb6dzst5tjr0y0zhgb 0 53471 644072 213016 2026-05-30T15:15:43Z Neme244 16387 added DEFAULTSORT 644072 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|image=|name=Emma Naluyima|image_size=|caption=|birth_date={{Birth year and age|1980}}|birth_place=[[Entebbe]], [[Uganda]]|death_date=|death_place=|alma_mater='''[[Maryhill High School]]'''<br/>{{small|([[High School Diploma]])}}<br/>'''[[Makerere University]]'''<br/>{{small|([[Bachelor of Veterinary Medicine]])}}<br/> {{small|([[Master of Science|Master of Health Services Research]] in [[Veterinary Medicine]])}}|occupation=[[Veterinarian]], [[Farmer]] and [[Educator]]|years_active=2000–present|nationality=Ugandan|citizenship=Ugandan|known_for=|networth=|title=|spouse={{small|'''(Ssalongo Washington Mugerwa)'''}}}} '''Emma Naluyima''' (amụrụ ihe dịka 1980) bụ onye dibịa bekee nke Uganda, onye ọrụ ugbo obodo, nwanyị ọchụnta ego, onye nkuzi ụlọ akwụkwọ elementrị na onye nkuzi nkuzi ihe ọkụkụ. <ref name="1R">{{Cite web|url=https://www.monitor.co.ug/Magazines/Farming/After-sharing-her-story--Naluyima-now-sells-40-more-piglets-/689860-1996376-j4s9cm/index.html|title=After sharing her story, Naluyima now sells 40 more Camborough piglets each month|date=18 September 2013|author=Esther Oluka|accessdate=19 August 2020}}</ref> <ref name="2R"/> A na-agbakọ na ọ na-enweta ihe dịka US $ 100,000 kwa afọ site n'ugbo ya dị na 1.0 acre (0.40 ha), na Bwerenga, Wakiso District, Uganda. <ref name="3R">{{Cite web|url=https://www.monitor.co.ug/Magazines/Farming/Dr--Emma-Naluyima--Baba-Dioum-win-US-100-000/689860-5260790-y0whjk/index.html|title=Uganda and Baba Dioum of Senegal jointly win US$100,000 Africa Food Prize at the African Green Revolution Forum|date=4 September 2019|accessdate=19 August 2020|author=Daily Monitor}}</ref> == Ndụ mmalite na agụmakwụkwọ == A mụrụ Naluyima gburugburu 1980 na Entebbe, Uganda. Nna ya, Chris Kikwabanga, bụ onye ọkwọ ụgbọ elu na nne ya, Margaret Nanziri, bụ onye ọrụ ụlọ akụ. <ref name="2R">{{Cite web|url=https://observer.ug/lifestyle/66116-at-40-dr-emma-naluyima-s-triumphs-are-enviable|title=At 40, Dr Emma Naluyima's triumphs are enviable|date=14 August 2020|author=Carolyne Nakazibwe|accessdate=19 August 2020}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFCarolyne_Nakazibwe2020">Carolyne Nakazibwe (14 August 2020). [https://observer.ug/lifestyle/66116-at-40-dr-emma-naluyima-s-triumphs-are-enviable "At 40, Dr Emma Naluyima's triumphs are enviable"]. ''[[Onye nleba anya (Uganda)|The Observer (Uganda)]]''. Kampala<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 August</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> Naluyima gara Stella Maris Primary School na Nkokonjeru, na mpaghara Buikwe . Maka ọmụmụ ihe O-Level na A-Level, ọ gara ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị Maryhill na obodo [[Mbarara]] . A nabatara ya na Mahadum Makerere, mahadum ọha na eze kachasị na Uganda, na-agụsị akwụkwọ na Bachelor of Veterinary Medicine . Mgbe e mesịrị, e nyere ya nzere Master of Health Services Research in Veterinary Medicine, site na Mahadum Makerere . <ref name="2R" /> == Ọrụ == Mgbe Naluyima gụsịrị akwụkwọ na nzere BVM ya na 2004, ''National Animal Genetic Resources Center na Databank'' ( ''Nagric'' ), na Entebbe, nyere ya ọrụ oge niile, zuru oke na ụlọ gọọmentị. Mgbe afọ abụọ na Nagric gasịrị, ọ gbara arụkwaghịm n'ọrụ a na-akwụ ụgwọ, na August 2006 wee gaa malite piggery mbụ ya, na obere ala ezinụlọ, na USh2 nde (ihe dị ka US $ 1,000 n'oge ahụ) nke ego agbaziri. Piggery ahụ kwụrụ ụgwọ nzere masta ya. Na 2010, ọ lụrụ Ssalongo Washington Mugerwa, onye nkuzi ụlọ akwụkwọ. Ha zụtara 6.5 acres (3 ha) na Naluyima bufere ezi ya iri n'ebe obibi ohuru ha. <ref name="2R">{{Cite web|url=https://observer.ug/lifestyle/66116-at-40-dr-emma-naluyima-s-triumphs-are-enviable|title=At 40, Dr Emma Naluyima's triumphs are enviable|date=14 August 2020|author=Carolyne Nakazibwe|accessdate=19 August 2020}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFCarolyne_Nakazibwe2020">Carolyne Nakazibwe (14 August 2020). [https://observer.ug/lifestyle/66116-at-40-dr-emma-naluyima-s-triumphs-are-enviable "At 40, Dr Emma Naluyima's triumphs are enviable"]. ''[[Onye nleba anya (Uganda)|The Observer (Uganda)]]''. Kampala<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 August</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> == Ntụaka == ọrụ oge niile, zuru oke na ụlọ gọọmentị. Mgbe afọ abụọ na Nagric gasịrị, ọ gbara{{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Naluyima, Emma}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] ryb9r9b4a25wvbikytt7dul4i5706tr 0 53530 644004 190745 2026-05-30T13:26:33Z Iwuala chisom 17246 Fixed reference errors 644004 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|image=|caption=}} '''Suzan Mweheire Kitariko''' (amụrụ c. 1975), bụ nwanyị ọchụnta ego [[Uganda|Ugandan]] na onye isi ụlọ ọrụ, onye bụ onye isi njikwa nke ''SICPA Uganda Limited'', onye enyemaka nke SICPA conglomerate Switzerland. Ọ nọ n'ọrụ ya ugbu a kemgbe February 2019 ma dabere na Kampala, isi obodo Uganda. <ref name="1R"/>Tupu nke ahụ, ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye njikwa obodo maka Uganda na [[Google|Google Inc.]], dabere na Kampala. <ref name="2R"/> == Nzụlite na agụmakwụkwọ == Kitariko bụ nwa amaala Uganda nke amụrụ na 1970s. Ọ gara ụlọ akwụkwọ praịmarị na ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị dị na mpaghara, tupu etinye ya na Mahadum Makerere, mahadum ọha na eze kasị ukwuu na Uganda. Ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Bachelor of Mass Communication . Ka e mesịrị, e nyere ya nzere [[Master nke Nchịkwa Azụmaahịa|Master of Business Administration]] na Heriot-Watt University, na Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom. <ref name="1R">{{Cite web|work=Nile Post Uganda|date=10 November 2021|url=https://nilepost.co.ug/2021/11/10/next-media-appoints-suzan-mweheire-as-non-executive-director/|title=Next Media appoints Suzan Mweheire as non-executive director|author=Samuel Muhimba|accessdate=11 November 2021}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFSamuel_Muhimba2021">Samuel Muhimba (10 November 2021). [https://nilepost.co.ug/2021/11/10/next-media-appoints-suzan-mweheire-as-non-executive-director/ "Next Media appoints Suzan Mweheire as non-executive director"]. ''Nile Post Uganda''. Kampala, Uganda<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 November</span> 2021</span>.</cite></ref> <ref name="2R">{{Cite web|work=[[The EastAfrican]]|url=https://www.theeastafrican.co.ke/tea/magazine/susan-fancied-studying-law-but-now-she-is-enjoying-ict--1349414|date=30 April 2016|title=Susan fancied studying law but now she is enjoying ICT|author=The EastAfrican|accessdate=11 November 2021}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFThe_EastAfrican2016">The EastAfrican (30 April 2016). [https://www.theeastafrican.co.ke/tea/magazine/susan-fancied-studying-law-but-now-she-is-enjoying-ict--1349414 "Susan fancied studying law but now she is enjoying ICT"]. ''[[Onye East Africa|The EastAfrican]]''. Nairobi, Kenya<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 November</span> 2021</span>.</cite></ref> == Hụkwa == * [[Grace Muliisa]] == Ntụaka == SICPA Uganda Limited, onye enyemaka nke SICPA conglomerate{{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] mi5h7ogqkm4tgwusol77i4oacdvocgj 0 53611 644068 190837 2026-05-30T15:09:57Z Neme244 16387 added DEFAULTSORT 644068 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|image=File:Emma_Marcegaglia.jpg|birth_date=24 December 1965}} '''Emma Marcegaglia''' (amụrụ 24 Disemba 1965 na Mantua ) <ref>[https://www.munzinger.de/search/go/document.jsp?id=00000028945 munzinger.de]</ref> bụ onye ọchụnta ego Italy. Ọ bụ onye isi oche nke Confindustria site na 2008 ruo 2012, yana onye isi oche nke Libera Università Internazionale degli Studi Sociali Guido Carli site na 2010 ruo 2019. Site na 2014 ruo 2020 ọ bụ onye isi oche Eni . <ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-02-28|title=Emma Marcegaglia - Speaker Profile|url=https://www.insead.edu/events/emma-marcegaglia|accessdate=2021-08-18|work=INSEAD|language=en}}</ref> == Ndụ == Site na 2004 ruo 2008 ọ bụ osote onye isi oche nke Confindustria. Ọ bụ onye nnọchiteanya Ịtali maka ike, asọmpi na gburugburu ebe obibi nke European Commission . Site na 2008 ruo 2012 ọ bụ onye isi ala Confindustria. Site na 2013 ruo 2018 ọ bụ onyeisi oche nke Confederation of European Business . <ref>{{Cite web|date=2014-04-09|title=Emma Marcegaglia – Passionate businesswoman|url=https://www.politico.eu/article/passionate-businesswoman/|accessdate=2021-08-18|work=POLITICO|language=en-US}}</ref> Ọ bụ onye so na bọọdụ Banco Popolare . Ọ bụkwa onye isi oche Aretè Onlus Foundation. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Emma Marcegaglia|url=https://www.weforum.org/people/emma-marcegaglia/|accessdate=2021-08-18|work=World Economic Forum|language=en}}</ref> == Ntụaka == nke Confindustria site na 2008 ruo 2012, yana{{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3HZsfsz40PA Mkparịta ụka ndị isi na Emma Marcegaglia], onye isi na onye isi otu Marcegaglia - YouTube {{DEFAULTSORT:Marcegaglia, Emma}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] td0evcvnovxkt2ybkwtk11wm36ekdjm 0 53797 644582 363944 2026-05-31T08:57:50Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 644582 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Alanis Guillen interpreta Rita em Malhação.png|thumb|onye na-eme ihe nkiri mpụta mbụ dị ka onye na-eme ihe nkiri nke Malhação, onye ga-aga n'ihu na saga iji jide nwa ya nwanyị.Alanis Guillen]]'''Alanis Guillen Caratella''' ({{IPA|pt|alɐˈnis ɡjˈleĩ kaɾaˈtɛlɐ|lang}}{{IPA|pt|alɐˈnis ɡjˈleĩ kaɾaˈtɛlɐ|lang}} [alɐˈnis ɡjˈleĩ kaɾaˈtɛlɐ]; amụrụ na 20 Mee 1998) bụ onye Brazil na-eme ihe nkiri na ihe nlereanya.{{IPA|pt|alɐˈnis ɡjˈleĩ kaɾaˈtɛlɐ|lang}} == Akụkọ ndụ == Alanis Guillen Caratella, amụrụ May 20, 1998, bụ ada nke nne na-ese ụkpụrụ ụlọ na onye injinia na nna na-egwu egwu. Ọ malitere ọrụ ya na-ekere òkè na mgbasa ozi mgbe ọ bụ nwata, ebe ụdị dị ka Nestlé, Marisa, Nextel na Mercado Livre goro ya. Mgbe ahụ, mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na ụma, ọ na-agụ akwụkwọ n'efu na ụlọ ihe nkiri na ịgba egwú, ma mesịa gụchaa nkà na nkà. Mpụta mbụ ya na telivishọn mere mgbe ọ dị afọ 21, dị ka onye na-eme ihe nkiri Rita na Malhação: Toda Forma de Amar, gosipụtara n'etiti 2019 na 2020. Na 2021, a họpụtara ya ka ọ kpọọ omume Juma Marruá, na mmegharị nke telenovela Pantanal. , nke TV Globo mepụtara. Nkwadebe ya maka ọrụ ahụ gụnyere ọmụmụ ihe archetypal, ọmụmụ tebụl, mgbanwe omume, omume Kung Fu, nkuzi ịnya igwe, nkuzi prosody, n'etiti ihe omume ndị ọzọ. <ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-09-20|title=Conheça Alanis Guillen, a Juma na nova versão de 'Pantanal'|url=https://oglobo.globo.com/cultura/revista-da-tv/conheca-alanis-guillen-juma-na-nova-versao-de-pantanal-25204980|accessdate=2022-04-09|work=O Globo|language=pt-BR}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=Saiba tudo sobre Alanis Guillen - Últimas notícias, biografia, polêmicas e mais|url=https://natelinha.uol.com.br/famosos/tudo-sobre/alanis-guillen|accessdate=2022-04-09|work=NaTelinha|language=pt-br}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Cotada como nova Juma, Alanis Guillen é bissexual e saiu de casa aos 19|url=https://www.uol.com.br/splash/noticias/2021/02/25/cotada-como-nova-juma-alanis-guillen-e-bissexual-e-saiu-de-casa-aos-19.htm|accessdate=2022-04-09|work=www.uol.com.br|language=pt-br}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Juma de 'Pantanal': Alanis Guillen revela reação à notícia, detalha preparação e conta mensagem de Cristiana Oliveira|url=https://gshow.globo.com/novelas/noticia/juma-de-pantanal-alanis-guillen-revela-reacao-a-noticia-detalha-preparacao-e-conta-mensagem-de-cristiana-oliveira.ghtml|accessdate=2022-04-09|work=Gshow|date=20 September 2021|language=pt-br}}</ref> == Ndụ onwe onye == Alanis na-ekwupụta na ya bụ nwanyị ma kwuo na ọ naghị amasị aha ndị nwoke na nwoke ma ọ bụ nwoke idina nwoke, na-ahọrọ ka ya na ndị mmadụ jikọọ. Na mgbakwunye, ọ bụ onye na-akwado gburugburu ebe obibi wee jiri Instagram katọọ gọọmentị Jair Bolsonaro na fasizim. Ọ bụ onye egwuregwu amateur, na-eme Muay Thai oge niile. Na mgbasa ozi ọha, onye na-eme ihe nkiri na-ekesa ozi na-eto nwanyị ahụ na nwanyị ya. "Ụmụ nwanyị ogologo ndụ na ike nwanyị dị n'ime onye ọ bụla," ka o dere na ntinye vidiyo nke ọ pụtara na-eṅomi agwọ, nke e bipụtara na Nọvemba 2020. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Sexualidade 'múltipla' e feminista: conheça atriz que fará nova Juma Marruá|url=https://www.uol.com.br/universa/noticias/redacao/2021/09/20/com-sexualidade-multipla-feminista-o-que-sabemos-sobre-a-nova-juma-marrua.htm|accessdate=2022-04-09|work=www.uol.com.br|language=pt-br}}</ref> Alanis nwere mmekọahụ na-adịghị mma.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Gonzalez|first=Mariana|date=2022-08-24|title=Alanis Guillen, a Juma de 'Pantanal', tem sexualidade fluida; entenda termo|url=https://www.uol.com.br/universa/noticias/redacao/2022/08/24/o-que-e-fluidez-sexual-juma-alanis-guillen.htm|accessdate=2022-10-31|work=www.uol.com.br|language=pt-br}}</ref> == Ihe nkiri == === Telivishọn === {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" !Afọ !Aha ya !Ọrụ !Ihe edeturu |- |2019–20 |''Omume ọjọọ: Ụdị Ịhụnanya Ọ bụla'' |Rita Gomes Moraes<ref>{{Cite web|accessdate=7 March 2019|publisher=Notícias de TV|title=Giulia Bertolli será filha de Roger Gobeth na nova temporada de Malhação|date=11 February 2019|url=https://noticiasdetv.com/2019/02/11/giulia-bertolli-sera-filha-de-roger-gobeth-em-malhacao-toda-forma-de-amar/}}</ref> |Oge 27 |- |2022 |''Pantanal'' |Juma Marruá<ref name="imprensa">{{Cite web|date=2021-09-20|title=Alanis Guillen será Juma na nova versão de Pantanal|url=https://imprensa.globo.com/publicacoes/alanis-guillen-sera-juma-na-nova-versao-de-pantanal-1/|work=Globo Imprensa}}</ref> | |- |2024–25 |''Obi ụtọ nke gị'' |Michele<ref>{{Cite web|accessdate=2024-04-19|date=2024-03-28|language=pt-BR|title=Sucesso como Juma em 'Pantanal', Alanis Guillen volta à Globo em próxima novela das nove|url=https://f5.folha.uol.com.br/televisao/2024/03/sucesso-como-juma-em-pantanal-alanis-guillen-volta-a-globo-em-proxima-novela-das-nove.shtml|work=F5}}</ref> | |- |2025 |''Ụdị Invasora'' |Flora<ref>{{Cite web|accessdate=30 November 2023|date=27 November 2023|publisher=O Globo|title=Veja a primeira foto de 'Espécie invasora', série de Rosane Svartman e Claudia Sardinha que tem Alanis Guillen no elenco|url=https://oglobo.globo.com/play/series/noticia/2023/11/27/veja-a-primeira-foto-de-especie-invasora-serie-de-rosane-svartman-e-claudia-sardinha-que-tem-alanis-guillen-no-elenco.ghtml}}</ref> | |} === Ihe nkiri === {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" !Afọ !Aha ya !Ọrụ !Ihe edeturu |- |2018 |''Ịbụ Onye Ọ bụ'' |Enyi Marta |Ihe nkiri dị mkpirikpi |- |2023 |''Akwụkwọ akụkọ nke Una Onça'' |Onye na-akọ akụkọ<ref>{{Cite web|title=Alanis Guillen narra documentário sobre onças-pintadas|date=28 November 2023|url=https://gshow.globo.com/tudo-mais/noticia/alanis-guillen-narra-documentario-sobre-oncas-pintadas.ghtml}}</ref> |Ihe nkiri |} == Onyinye na nhọpụta == {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center;" !Ihe nrite !Afọ !Ụdị !Ọrụ !Nsonaazụ !Ref. |- | rowspan="2" |Ihe nrite Contigo! Ntanetị | rowspan="2" |2019 |Mkpughe TV |''Omume ọjọọ: Ụdị Ịhụnanya Ọ bụla''|{{Nom}} | rowspan="2" |<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://contigo.uol.com.br/noticias/exclusivas/premio-contigo-online-2019-veja-a-lista-completa-dos-vencedores.phtml|title=Prêmio Contigo! Online 2019 - Veja a lista completa dos vencedores|author=Contigo!|first=Redação|authorlink=|format=|editor=|publisher=|pages=|date=2020-01-13|accessdate=2021-10-27|language=pt-br|doi=|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200114021846/https://contigo.uol.com.br/noticias/exclusivas/premio-contigo-online-2019-veja-a-lista-completa-dos-vencedores.phtml|archivedate=2020-01-14|quote=|work=Contigo!}}</ref> |- |Di na Nwunye Kasị Mma |Rita na Filipe (ya na Pedro Novaes) (with Pedro Novaes)|{{Nom}} |} == Ebem si de == [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] tt2c3krrgfy1a98jflzwmb5hpouz214 0 53910 644154 345873 2026-05-30T17:47:42Z Goodymeraj 16207 644154 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faịlụ:Dr_Elizabeth_Itotia.jpg|thumb|Elizabeth Itotia]] '''Elizabeth Wangari Itotia''' (amụrụ c. 1992 ), bụ onye na-ahụ maka ọgwụ nuklia si Kenya. Ọ bụ nwanyị Kenya mbụ tozuru oke dị ka onye na-ahụ maka ọgwụ nuklia (nke a na-akpọkwa ''rediopharmacist'' ). Ruo Julaị 2021, ọ bụ otu n'ime mmadụ atọ tozuru oke na mba ahụ, ndị ọzọ bụ nwoke. Ọ na-arụ ọrụ ugbu a dị ka onye otu ndị otu ụlọ ọgwụ nuklia na Kenyatta University Teaching, Referral and Research Hospital (KUTRRH). <ref name="1R">{{Cite web|title=Kenya's First Female Radiopharmaceutical Scientist|work=[[Daily Nation]]|url=https://allafrica.com/stories/202107250142.html|date=25 July 2021|author=Magdalene Wanja|accessdate=26 January 2021|format=via [[AllAfrica.com]]}}</ref> == Ndụ mmalite na agụmakwụkwọ == A mụrụ Itotia na 1992, na Limuru, na mpaghara Kiambu nke ugbu a site na ezinụlọ ndị ọrụ ugbo. Itotia sonyeere ''Loreto Kiambu Girls' High School'', ebe ọ nwetara akara A ozugbo na KCSE wee banye na Mahadum Nairobi ka ọ mụọ ọgwụ . Ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na klas ya na 2017 (58th graduation valedictorian), na nzere bachelọ nke ọgwụ (BPharm). <ref name="2R">{{Cite web|work=Tuko.co.ke|url=https://www.tuko.co.ke/417175-elizabeth-itotia-meet-kenyas-first-female-radiopharmacist-playing-key-role-fight-cancer.html|title=Elizabeth Itotia: Meet Kenya's First Female Radiopharmacist Playing Key Role in Fight against Cancer|date=14 July 2021|author=Linda Shiundu|accessdate=26 July 2021}}</ref> Ụlọ ọrụ International Atomic Energy Agency nyere ya akwụkwọ mmụta iji nweta nzere masta. A nabatara ya na Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University na Pretoria, South Africa, ebe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na 2021 na nzere Master of Pharmacy (MPharm), ọkachamara na ụlọ ahịa ọgwụ nuklia . <ref name="2R"/> == Ọrụ == Mgbe ogo mmụta mbụ ya gasịrị, Itotia sonyeere ụlọ ọgwụ Mahadum Kenyatta maka oge ọrụ otu afọ a na-ahụ maka ya. Mgbe ọ nọ n'ebe ahụ, ohere dapụtara ya ịga gụchaa akwụkwọ dị elu na agụmakwụkwọ. Ọ họọrọ ụlọ ahịa ọgwụ nuklia n'ihi na KUTRRH na-agakwuru ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu nke ndị ọrịa kansa, bụ ndị chọrọ nyocha ọkaibe na usoro ọgwụgwọ na ọgwụ nuklia na mpaghara redio redio . Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akara ugo mmụta nna ya ukwu, ọ laghachiri n'ụlọ ọgwụ dị na Kenyatta University, ka o mee ihe a kụziiri ya. <ref name="1R"/> <ref name="2R"/> <ref name="3R">{{Cite web|url=https://kutrrh.go.ke/meet-the-first-female-radiopharmaceutical-scientist-in-kenya/|date=21 June 2021|title=Meet The First Female Radiopharmaceutical Scientist in Kenya|work=[[Kenyatta University Hospital]]|author=Kenyatta University Hospital|accessdate=26 July 2021}}</ref> Itotia bụ onye otu Pharmaceutical Society of Kenya. <ref name="1R"/> == Hụkwa == * A mụrụ Nyaoke-Anoke * [[Shitsama Nyamweya]] == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20210726103801/https://www.kenya24news.com/lifestyle/kenyas-first-female-radiopharmaceutical-scientist/188721-news Nwanyị nwanyị mbụ onye sayensị redio na-ahụ maka ọgwụ redio] Archived </link> Dị ka 25 Julaị 2021. * [https://kutrrh.go.ke/meet-the-first-female-radiopharmaceutical-scientist-in-kenya/ Zute onye ọkà mmụta sayensị nwanyị mbụ nke Radiopharmaceutical na Kenya] Dị ka nke 2 June 2021. {{DEFAULTSORT:Itotia, Elizabeth}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] e3zs5abadn7i0n8ojujrjd0apidgg0l 0 53914 644012 191806 2026-05-30T13:41:53Z Iwuala chisom 17246 Fixed reference errors 644012 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Susan Karanja''' bụ dọkịta na-awa ahụ na Kenya. <ref>{{Cite web|author=|first=|title=Doctors Diary: Dr Susan Karanja, one of Kenya's Female Neurosurgeons : KTN Home|url=https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/ktnhome/ktn-prime/video/2000197547/doctors-diary-dr-susan-karanja-one-of-kenya-s-female-neurosurgeons|accessdate=2024-05-05|work=KTN News|language=en}}</ref> Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na 2015, Karanja ghọrọ dọkịta na-awa ahụ nke abụọ na Kenya. <ref>{{Cite journal|author=Karekezi|first=Claire|date=2021-03-01|title=History of African women in neurosurgery|url=https://thejns.org/focus/view/journals/neurosurg-focus/50/3/article-pE15.xml|journal=Neurosurgical Focus|language=en-US|volume=50|issue=3|pages=E15|doi=10.3171/2020.12.FOCUS20905|pmid=33789234|issn=1092-0684}}</ref> <ref name=":0"/> == Ndụ == A mụrụ Karanja na Nairobi wee zụlite na Kikuyu, Kenya. Ọ gara ụlọ akwụkwọ praịmarị Consolata tupu ọ gaa n'ihu na agụmakwụkwọ ya na Precious Blood High Riruta. N'ịbụ onye mgbasa ozi mmata [[HIV/AIDS]] nke mmalite 1990s metụtara, <ref name=":1">{{Cite web|date=2023-09-25|title=Dr. Susan Karanja|url=https://mededgemea.com/tdcpt_doctors/dr-susan-karanja/|accessdate=2024-05-05|work=MedEdge MEA|language=en-US}}</ref> ọ gụrụ ọgwụ na Mahadum Nairobi, ebe ọ nwetara akara mmụta ahụike ya. <ref name=":2" /> Mgbe Karanja gụsịrị akwụkwọ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ, o lekwasịrị anya n'ịgwọ ọrịa ime ahụ, bụ́ nke metụtara HIV/AIDS nke ukwuu, gaa na ngalaba ịwa ahụ. <ref name=":1" /> Ọ nọrọ afọ ise na Durban, South Africa ka ọ na-agụcha masters na neurosurgery na Mahadum KwaZulu-Natal . <ref name=":2">{{Cite web|date=2020-03-10|title=Dr. Susan Karanja Among the Only Three Female Neurosurgeons in Kenya|url=https://www.byawoman.com/dr-susan-karanja-among-the-only-three-female-neurosurgeons-in-kenya/|accessdate=2024-05-05|work=Byawoman|language=en-GB}}</ref> Karanja na-eje ozi ugbu a dị ka onye ndụmọdụ Neurosurgeon na Kenyatta National Hospital na Kenya. Ọ bụ onye otu neurosurgical na ahụike na Kenya na mba ofesi. Ọ bụ onye na-echekwa ego ugbu a nke Association of Women Surgeons Kenya (KAWS). <ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|author=John|first=Tracey Trizah|date=2022|title=A report on women neurosurgeons in Kenya|url=https://theeajns.org/index.php/eajns/article/download/25/6/19|journal=The East African Journal of Neurological Sciences|volume=1|issue=2|pages=41–46}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFJohn2022">John, Tracey Trizah (2022). [https://theeajns.org/index.php/eajns/article/download/25/6/19 "A report on women neurosurgeons in Kenya"]. ''The East African Journal of Neurological Sciences''. '''1''' (2): 41–46.</cite></ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=Kenyan Women Neurosurgeons Breaking Boundaries at Home and Globally|url=https://www.mwakilishi.com/article/diaspora-news/2024-04-03/kenyan-women-neurosurgeons-breaking-boundaries-at-home-and|accessdate=2024-05-05|work=Mwakilishi.com|language=en}}</ref> Ọ na-akụzikwa dịka onye nkuzi nkuzi na ngalaba ọgwụ na Mahadum Nairobi. <ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|author=John|first=Tracey Trizah|date=2022|title=A report on women neurosurgeons in Kenya|url=https://theeajns.org/index.php/eajns/article/download/25/6/19|journal=The East African Journal of Neurological Sciences|volume=1|issue=2|pages=41–46}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFJohn2022">John, Tracey Trizah (2022). [https://theeajns.org/index.php/eajns/article/download/25/6/19 "A report on women neurosurgeons in Kenya"]. ''The East African Journal of Neurological Sciences''. '''1''' (2): 41–46.</cite></ref> == Ntụaka == <references /> [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 26izvizradtjlzlcxtme0tm6xhm6xpm 0 53915 644150 213129 2026-05-30T17:44:27Z Goodymeraj 16207 644150 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Elizabeth Gitau''' bụ dọkịta Kenya na onye isi ụlọ ọrụ, onye na-eje ozi dị ka onye isi nchịkwa nke Kenya Medical Association, otu ụlọ ọrụ ụlọ ọrụ mba nke na-achọ ịkwado na ichekwa ọdịmma nke ndị dọkịta na-eme na mba ahụ. <ref name="1R" /> == Nzụlite na agụmakwụkwọ == A mụrụ Gitau na Kenya c. 1988 . Ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Mahadum Nairobi na Bachelor of Medicine na Bachelor of Surgery (MBChB) na 2012. Ọ gara n'ihu nweta nzere [[Master nke Nchịkwa Azụmaahịa|Master of Business Administration]] na Mahadum Strathmore dị na Nairobi na 2016. Na 2017, e nyere ya akwụkwọ mmụta site na German Academic Exchange Service (German: Deutscher Akademischer Austauschdienst) (DAAD), ka ọ mụọ na Germany, ebe ọ malitere usoro nyocha &amp;amp; Project Management Course na Hamburg University of Applied Sciences . <ref name="1R">{{Cite web|date=10 April 2019|accessdate=10 April 2019|url=https://www.businessdailyafrica.com/corporate/companies/board-picks--first-woman-chair/4003102-5065874-i99myjz/index.html|title=Doctors' board picks first woman chair|author=Nasibo Kabale}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFNasibo_Kabale2019">Nasibo Kabale (10 April 2019). [https://www.businessdailyafrica.com/corporate/companies/board-picks--first-woman-chair/4003102-5065874-i99myjz/index.html "Doctors' board picks first woman chair"]. ''[[Business Daily Africa]]''. Nairobi<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 April</span> 2019</span>.</cite></ref> == Ọrụ == Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụike, na mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na-amanyere iwu, ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye ọrụ ahụike na ụlọ ọgwụ Muranga County ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ afọ abụọ ruo December 2014. Dị ka nke April 2019, Gitau rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye isi nkuzi na Kenya Medical Training College, ụlọ akwụkwọ na-azụ ndị ọrụ ụlọ ọgwụ (ndị bụbu ndị enyemaka ahụike ) na ọkwa diplọma, dabere na ụlọ akwụkwọ dị na obodo Thika . Dị ka onye isi na-abata na ụlọ ọrụ ahụike Kenya, ọ weghaara Stella Bosire, onye duru otu ahụ site na 2017 ruo 2019. <ref name="1R">{{Cite web|date=10 April 2019|accessdate=10 April 2019|url=https://www.businessdailyafrica.com/corporate/companies/board-picks--first-woman-chair/4003102-5065874-i99myjz/index.html|title=Doctors' board picks first woman chair|author=Nasibo Kabale}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFNasibo_Kabale2019">Nasibo Kabale (10 April 2019). [https://www.businessdailyafrica.com/corporate/companies/board-picks--first-woman-chair/4003102-5065874-i99myjz/index.html "Doctors' board picks first woman chair"]. ''[[Business Daily Africa]]''. Nairobi<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 April</span> 2019</span>.</cite></ref> Na mbụ, Gitau bụ onye na-echekwa ego nke ngalaba Nairobi County Division of Kenya Medical Association (KMA). <ref name="3R">{{Cite web|url=https://www.kma.co.ke/11-staff/|title=Kenya Medical Association: KMA Divisions|date=7 January 2019|publisher=Kenya Medical Association|accessdate=11 April 2019|author=Kenya Medical Association|archivedate=11 April 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190411021041/https://www.kma.co.ke/11-staff/}}</ref> Na Machị 2021, n'etiti ọrịa COVID-19, Gitau katọrọ Kenya maka ibute ọgwụ mgbochi maka ndị nnọchi anya gọọmentị karịa ndị ọrụ ahụike na ndị agadi. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Local doctors angry as Kenya offers COVID vaccines to diplomats|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2021/3/20/kenyan-covid-vaccine-offer-to-diplomats-draws-local-doctors-ire|accessdate=2024-08-27|work=Al Jazeera|language=en}}</ref> == Hụkwa == * [[Shitsama Nyamweya]] * [[Stellah Wairimu Bosire-Otieno]] == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Gitau, Elizabeth}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 0nurtoy9t64i6c0ko05nk9bu6a25kiq 0 54024 644138 540359 2026-05-30T17:34:34Z Goodymeraj 16207 644138 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Elizabeth Anne Broadbent''' FRSNZ bụ prọfesọ zuru oke nke akparamaagwa ahụike na Mahadum Auckland . A họpụtara ya ka onye otu Royal Society Te Apārangi na 2021. == Ọrụ agụmakwụkwọ == Broadbent zụrụ azụ dị ka onye injinia eletrọnịkị na Mahadum Canterbury, na-emecha nzere bachelọ nke injinia na nkwanye ugwu (Electrical na Eletrọnị). <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Elizabeth Broadbent academic profile|url=https://profiles.auckland.ac.nz/e-broadbent|accessdate=2022-11-17|work=University of Auckland profiles}}</ref> Ọ rụrụ ọrụ na ụlọ ọrụ Transpower, Électricité de Tahiti, na Robotechnology tupu ọ gaa n'ihu agụmakwụkwọ ya na Diploma nke Arts na Mahadum Massey, na Master of Arts na Doctor of Philosophy degrees na Mahadum Auckland. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Broadbent|first=Elizabeth Anne|date=2002|title=The effects of stress, social support and beliefs on wound healing following surgery|url=https://auckland.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?context=L&vid=64UAUCK_INST:NEWUI&search_scope=MyInst_and_CI&tab=Everything&docid=alma99105215814002091|accessdate=2022-11-17|work=auckland.primo.exlibrisgroup.com|language=en}}</ref> Nkà mmụta nna ya ukwu nke 2002 bụ na mmetụta nke nrụgide, nkwado ọha na eze na nkwenye na ọgwụgwọ ọnya na-esote ịwa ahụ. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Broadbent|first=Elizabeth Anne|date=2002|title=The effects of stress, social support and beliefs on wound healing following surgery (Master's thesis)|url=https://auckland.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?context=L&vid=64UAUCK_INST:NEWUI&search_scope=MyInst_and_CI&tab=Everything&docid=alma99105215814002091|accessdate=2022-11-18|work=auckland.primo.exlibrisgroup.com|language=en}}</ref> Usoro mmụta PhD ya, nke emechara na 2005, ka akpọrọ ''ụzọ ọhụrụ maka ntule echiche ọrịa'' . <ref>{{Cite web|author=Broadbent|first=Elizabeth Anne|date=2005|title=New approaches to the assessment of illness perceptions (doctoral thesis)|url=https://auckland.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?context=L&vid=64UAUCK_INST:NEWUI&search_scope=MyInst_and_CI&tab=Everything&docid=alma99150864614002091|accessdate=2022-11-17|work=auckland.primo.exlibrisgroup.com|language=en}}</ref> A kwalitere Broadbent ka ọ bụrụ prọfesọ zuru oke na Mahadum Auckland na 2019. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Inaugural Lecture Series 2019 – Professor Elizabeth Broadbent – 2019-08-06 August 2019|url=https://discover.events.com/nz/auckland/auckland/e/leisure/inaugural-lecture-series-2019-professor-elizabeth-broadbent-university-auckland-faculty-medical-313419840|accessdate=2022-11-17|work=EDC Browse|archivedate=2022-11-17|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20221117231544/https://discover.events.com/nz/auckland/auckland/e/leisure/inaugural-lecture-series-2019-professor-elizabeth-broadbent-university-auckland-faculty-medical-313419840}}</ref> Broadbent arụwo ọrụ n'otú robots nwere ike isi nyere aka n'ọnọdụ ụlọ akwụkwọ, ma na klaasị ma n'ọnụ mmiri na-arịa ọrịa, yana otu robots nwere ike isi nyere ndị ọrịa aka ịchịkwa ọnọdụ ngụgụ na-adịghị ala ala COPD . Ihe dị ka 75% nke ndị ọrịa nọ na nnwale a na-achịkwa chọpụtara na ịnweta enyemaka robot n'ụlọ nyere aka na nkwado ọgwụ na mkpakọrịta. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Kellett|first=Anna|date=February 15, 2018|title=Companion robots could help our rural schools|url=https://phys.org/news/2018-02-companion-robots-rural-schools.html|accessdate=2022-11-17|work=phys.org|language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=Help that isn't human|url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/brand-insight/help-that-isnt-human/LD7M7QZG4N4EQKVQ4J7O2DJAFE/|accessdate=2022-11-17|work=NZ Herald|language=en-NZ|archivedate=2022-11-17|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20221117232133/https://www.nzherald.co.nz/brand-insight/help-that-isnt-human/LD7M7QZG4N4EQKVQ4J7O2DJAFE/}}</ref> Ọrụ ya na otú ide ihe nwere ike isi nyere aka mgbake site na mmerụ ahụ na ịwa ahụ dị arọ ka e gosipụtara na ''Scientific American Mind'', <nowiki><i id="mwLQ">Time</i></nowiki> magazine, na ''The Guardian'' . <ref>{{Cite journal|author=Rodriguez|first=Tori|date=November 1, 2013|title=Writing Can Help Injuries Heal Faster|url=https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/writing-can-help-injuries-heal-faster/|journal=[[Scientific American Mind]]|volume=24|issue=5|pages=17}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|date=2017-06-11|title=Can you write your way to happiness?|url=http://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2017/jun/11/bullet-journalling-can-you-write-your-way-to-happiness|accessdate=2022-11-18|work=the Guardian|language=en}}</ref> == Ihe nrite == A họpụtara Broadbent ka onye otu Royal Society Te Apārangi na 2021. <ref name="FRSNZ">{{Cite web|title=Researchers and scholars at the top of their fields elected as Fellows|url=https://www.royalsociety.org.nz/news/researchers-and-scholars-at-the-top-of-their-fields-elected-as-fellows-2021/|accessdate=2022-06-05|work=Royal Society Te Apārangi}}</ref> Society kwuru na "Otu n'ime onyinye ya a ma ama bụ mmepe na nnwale nke robots ahụike, ọkachasị maka imeziwanye nsonaazụ na nlekọta ụlọ ezumike na dementia na ọrịa na-adịghị ala ala… <ref name="FRSNZ" /> == Akwụkwọ ndị ahọpụtara ==   *   *   *   *   *   == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20240229192511/https://www.auckland.ac.nz/en/fmhs/news-events/multimedia-galleries/2019/elizabeth-broadbent-inaugural.html Broadbent's nkuzi nkuzi mmalite], 2019 {{DEFAULTSORT:Broadbent, Elizabeth}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 1xsz5z7qeo2d22jxmw81pop1z8kuqxl 0 54075 644585 631819 2026-05-31T09:26:05Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 644585 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Alena Saili''' (amuru 13 Disemba 1998) bu onye egwuregwu rugby asaa nke New Zealand. bu onye egwu otu egwuregwu rugby nke New Zealand. Ọ na-egwu otu rugby n'akụkụ asaa na iri na ise, ma bụrụkwa onye otu ndị otu egwuregwu rugby asaa nke mba New Zealand . Saili sonyeere ndị otu egwuregwu rugby asaa nke mba New Zealand na 2017. Ọ bụ onye otu ndị otu asaa ụmụ nwanyị New Zealand meriri ihe nrite ọla edo na 2018 Commonwealth Games, Olympic Summer 2020 na Tokyo na 2024 Summer Olympics na Paris. Na 2018 – 2019 ọ gbara egwuregwu ise maka otu egwuregwu rugby mba ụmụ nwanyị New Zealand iri na ise. Saili bụ onye otu ndị otu asaa ụmụ nwanyị New Zealand na ọ nwetara nrite ọla n'egwuregwu Commonwealth 2022 na Birmingham . Ọ bụ onye otu otu asaa ụmụ nwanyị New Zealand bụ ndị meriri ihe nrite ọlaọcha na Rugby World Cup Sevens na [[Cape Town]] . Saili gbasaa ọrụ mba ụwa na-egwu maka Premier Rugby Sevens na United States of America, na-abanye na [[Texas Team]] n'oge oge 2023. == Ndụ mbido == A mụrụ Alena Saili na Porirua, na 13 Disemba 1998 nye Maima Afutu na Sefo Saili. <ref name="Stats">{{Cite web|author=Julian|first=Adam|date=|title=Alena Saili #197|url=http://stats.allblacks.com/asp/profile_bf.asp?BFID=5200|work=All Blacks|accessdate=24 June 2024}}</ref> <ref name="Savory1">{{Cite web|author=Savory|first=Logan|date=23 August 2021|title=Lockdown upside for Olympic gold medallist Alena Saili|url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/sport/rugby/black-ferns/126156087/lockdown-upside-for-olympic-gold-medallist-alena-saili|work=Stuff|accessdate=21 June 2024}}</ref> Mgbe ọ dị otu afọ, ya na ezinụlọ ya kwagara ndịda Invercargill. <ref name="Deane1">{{Cite web|author=Deane|first=Steve|date=16 August 2018|title=This weekend's other big rugby test|url=https://newsroom.co.nz/2018/08/16/black-ferns-determined-to-defend-unbeaten-record/|work=Newsroom|accessdate=24 June 2024}}</ref> <ref name="Hudson1">{{Cite web|author=Hudson|first=Daisy|date=18 September 2021|title=Women shaping their world for the better|url=https://www.odt.co.nz/news/dunedin/women-shaping-their-world-better|work=Otago Daly Times|accessdate=24 June 2024}}</ref> Mgbe ọ bụ nwata ọ hụrụ nne ya Maima ka ọ na-agba rugby klọb maka Collegiate Rugby Club na Invercargill. <ref name="Savory2">{{Cite web|author=Savory|first=Logan|date=6 July 2021|title=Tokyo Olympics: High school dream becomes reality for Black Fern Alena Saili|url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/sport/olympics/125656988/tokyo-olympics-high-school-dream-becomes-reality-for-black-fern-alena-sail|work=Stuff|accessdate=21 June 2024}}</ref> Maima gara n'ihu na-azụ ma ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị na ndị otu mpaghara. Na 2021 a họpụtara ya Southland District Rugby League Rangatahi (ntorobịa) na onye ọrụ mmepe nwanyị. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Savory|first=Logan|date=24 September 2022|title=The Southland women who took on a male-dominated sport and become hooked|url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/sport/women-in-sport/129934513/the-southland-women-who-took-on-a-maledominated-sport-and-become-hooked|work=Stuff|accessdate=24 June 2024}}</ref> Nwa nwanne Alena Saili Francis Saili, etinyere ma Blues na ndị ojii niile, ebe nwanne ya nwoke bụ Peter Saili debere maka Blues. Ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ sekọndrị na Southland Girls High School na Invercargill. <ref name="Savory3">{{Cite web|author=Savory|first=Logan|date=17 August 2021|title=Emotional return for Southland's Olympic Games golden Black Fern Alena Saili|url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/sport/rugby/black-ferns/126094921/emotional-return-for-southlands-olympic-games-golden-black-fern-alena-saili|work=Stuff|accessdate=21 June 2024}}</ref> N'ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị ọ na-egwuri aerobics, basketball, netball. otu rugby, metụ rugby na volleyball. Na Jenụwarị 2017 Saili bụ onye otu New Zealand n'okpuru otu rugby mmetụ ụmụ nwanyị 20 bụ ndị gbara egwu ma tụfuo n'ime egwuregwu atọ ya megide [[Ostraliya|Australia]] na usoro trans-Tasman. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Donaldson|first=Scott|date=20 December 2016|title=Hard work pays off as Southland touch achieves national success in golden year|url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/sport/77318112/hard-work-pays-off-as-southland-touch-achieves-national-success-in-golden-year|work=Stuff|accessdate=25 June 2024}}</ref> <ref name="Stats"/> New Zealand meriri egwuregwu atọ ahụ. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Trans Tasman – 2017: Youth Girls 20 – New Zealand|url=https://www.internationaltouch.org/events/trans-tasman/2017-youth/girls-20/new-zealand/|work=Federation of International Touch|accessdate=24 June 2024}}</ref> Ọ bụ naanị mgbe ndị nkuzi ya tụrụ aro ka o lekwasị anya na egwuregwu ole na ole ka ọ malitere itinye uche na otu rugby. <ref name="Stats" /> <ref name="Savory2"/> Ọ gbara otu egwuregwu rugby ụmụ agbọghọ iri na ise mbụ nke ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ site na afọ 9 ruo n'afọ 13. Ọ bụ mgbe ọ gbachara asọmpi asaa n'ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị ka ọ chọpụtara na ọ hụrụ usoro a n'anya karịa. <ref name="Hudson1"/> == Ọrụ Rugby == <ref>{{Cite web|author=Savory|first=Logan|date=14 December 2014|title=Alena Saili shines for Southland women's sevens|url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/southland-times/sport/64145759/alena-saili-shines-for-southland-womens-sevens|work=Stuff|accessdate=24 June 2024}}</ref>Na asọmpi South Island Regional asaa na Disemba 2014 Saili bụ onye tozuru oke afọ ole achọrọ site na ịgbanwuo afọ 16 n'ụbọchị asọmpi ahụ bụ nnukwu ihe nyere aka na otu ụmụ nwanyị Southland nweta nke atọ wee si otú ahụ mezuo njirisi ha ga-egwu na mba asaa nke 2015. asọmpi. Na Jenụwarị 2017, n'afọ mbụ ya ka ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ sekọndrị Saili sonyeere ndị otu egwuregwu rugby asaa nke mba New Zealand na nkwekọrịta zuru oke. O mere mpụta mbụ ya mgbe ọ dị afọ 19 na Sydney <ref>{{Cite web|date=27 January 2017|title=Experienced Black Ferns Sevens Squad Selected for Sydney|url=https://rugbyheartland.co.nz/wp/2017/01/27/experienced-black-ferns-sevens-squad-selected-for-sydney/|work=Rugby Heartland|accessdate=24 June 2024}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|author=Hepburn|first=Steve|date=20 January 2017|title=Southlander Saili in NZ sevens squad|url=https://www.odt.co.nz/sport/rugby/sevens/southlander-saili-nz-sevens-squad|work=Otago Daily Times|accessdate=24 June 2024}}</ref> Na mbido 2018 enyeghachiri ya nkwekọrịta ọnwa iri na abụọ ya na ndị otu asaa. <ref>{{Cite web|date=8 February 2018|title=Blacks Ferns Sevens contracted squad named (NZ Rugby News|url=https://www.northlandrugby.co.nz/newsarticle/58516|work=Northland Rugby|accessdate=25 September 2023|archivedate=2 November 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20231102040553/https://www.northlandrugby.co.nz/newsarticle/58516}}</ref> Ọ bụ onye otu Black Ferns nwetara ihe nrite ọla edo na asọmpi Commonwealth 2018.<ref name=Olympic>{{cite web |author= <!--Staff writer(s)/no by-line.--> |date= 18 June 2018 |title= Alena Salli |url= https://www.olympic.org.nz/athletes/risaleaana-pouri-lane/ |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20181130213153/http://www.olympic.org.nz/athletes/risaleaana-pouri-lane/ |url-status= dead |archive-date= 30 November 2018 |website= New Zealand Olympic Team |access-date= 12 February 2021 |language= en |accessdate= 13 May 2025 |archivedate= 30 November 2018 |archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20181130213153/http://www.olympic.org.nz/athletes/risaleaana-pouri-lane/ }}</ref> === Iri na ise-a-akụkụ === Mgbe ọ dị afọ 19 Saili mere mpụta mbụ ya maka otu egwuregwu rugby Black Ferns 15 megide Australia na Sydney na 18 Ọgọst 2018. <ref name="Deane1"/> O mere ka ọ pụta ìhè ọzọ; megide Australia na Auckland na 25 August, megide Canada na San Diego na 28 June 2019, megide [[France]] na San Diego na 6 July 2019, ya na ikpeazụ ya megide England na San Diego na 14 July 2019. <ref name="Stats"/> Atọ n'ime egwuregwu ahụ bụ ndị nnọchi anya. <ref name="Stats" /> === Egwuregwu Olympic nke Tokyo 2020 === Na Jenụwarị 2019, enyere ya nkwekọrịta ọnwa 12 zuru oke na ndị otu asaa ahụ. Ọnwa abụọ tupu asọmpi Tokyo, ọ gbajiri ubu n'ọzụzụ, mana site na ọgwụgwọ ọ ruru eru ka a tụle ya maka nhọrọ. <ref name="Searle">{{Cite web|author=Searle|first=Jamie|date=2 August 2021|title=Saili overcomes the odds to win gold at Tokyo Olympics|url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/sport/olympics/125946572/saili-overcomes-the-odds-to-win-gold-at-tokyo-olympics|work=Stuff|accessdate=21 June 2024}}</ref> A họpụtara ya maka otu egwuregwu ahụ, nke gara n'ihu nweta ihe nrite ọla edo.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Rugby Sevens – SAILI Alena|work=Tokyo 2020 Olympics|url=https://olympics.com/tokyo-2020/olympic-games/en/results/rugby-sevens/athlete-profile-n1473855-saili-alena.htm|publisher=[[Tokyo Organising Committee of the Olympic and Paralympic Games]]|accessdate=5 September 2021|archivedate=5 September 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210905183139/https://olympics.com/tokyo-2020/olympic-games/en/results/rugby-sevens/athlete-profile-n1473855-saili-alena.htm}}</ref> Mgbe Nathan Cohen gasịrị, Saili ghọrọ onye nke abụọ sitere na mpaghara Southland iji nweta ihe nrite ọla edo Olympic. Mgbe o si na Tokyo lọta, ọ nọrọ ụbọchị iri na anọ kewapụ iche na ebe a na-ekewapụ iche na iche iche (MIQ) na Christchurch tupu ya na ezinụlọ ya nọrọ n'obodo ya, ebe ọ gara ụlọ akwụkwọ mbụ ya, Southland High School na August 2021. N'ebe a, a na-asọpụrụ ya na ụlọ akwụkwọ zuru ezu haka na mgbatị ụlọ akwụkwọ.<ref name= Searle /> === Egwuregwu Commonwealth nke Birmingham 2022 === Akpọrọ Saili aha na otu asaa ụmụ nwanyị New Zealand maka egwuregwu Commonwealth 2022 na Birmingham . <ref>{{Cite web|date=29 June 2022|title=Rugby Sevens teams named for Commonwealth Games|url=https://www.allblacks.com/news/rugby-sevens-teams-named-for-commonwealth-games/|work=All Blacks|accessdate=4 July 2022|language=en-NZ|archivedate=29 June 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220629071628/https://www.allblacks.com/news/rugby-sevens-teams-named-for-commonwealth-games/}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|date=29 June 2022|title=Experienced New Zealand sevens squads revealed for Commonwealth Games|url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/sport/commonwealth-games/300624797/experienced-new-zealand-sevens-squads-revealed-for-commonwealth-games|accessdate=4 July 2022|work=Stuff|language=en}}</ref> O nwetara ihe nrite ọla na mmemme ahụ. <ref>{{Cite web|author=McConnell|first=Lynn|date=1 August 2022|title=Double bronze for New Zealand Sevens sides in Birmingham|url=https://www.allblacks.com/news/double-bronze-for-new-zealand-sevens-sides-in-birmingham/|work=All Blacks|accessdate=5 August 2022|language=en-NZ|archivedate=5 August 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220805172813/https://www.allblacks.com/news/double-bronze-for-new-zealand-sevens-sides-in-birmingham/}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|date=1 August 2022|title=NZ Sevens sides bounce back to win bronze medals|url=https://www.1news.co.nz/2022/08/01/black-ferns-sevens-bounce-back-for-bronze-in-tough-canada-clash/|accessdate=5 August 2022|work=1 News|language=en}}</ref> Ọ so na ndị otu Black Ferns sevens nwetara ihe nrite ọlaọcha na Rugby World Cup Sevens na [[Cape Town]] . <ref>{{Cite web|author=Julian|first=Adam|date=12 September 2022|title=New Zealand sides scoop silver in Cape Town|url=https://www.allblacks.com/news/heartbreak-for-new-zealand-sides-in-cape-town/|work=All Blacks|accessdate=22 September 2022|language=en-NZ|archivedate=22 September 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220922010536/https://www.allblacks.com/news/heartbreak-for-new-zealand-sides-in-cape-town/}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|date=12 September 2022|title=NZ Sevens come up short, losing World Cup finals in Cape Town|url=https://www.1news.co.nz/2022/09/12/nz-sevens-come-up-short-losing-world-cup-finals-in-cape-town/|accessdate=22 September 2022|work=1 News|language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|author=Wilson|first=Sam|date=11 September 2022|title=Recap: New Zealand's men and women beaten in Rugby World Cup Sevens finals in Cape Town|url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/sport/rugby/sevens/300684524/recap-new-zealands-men-and-women-lose-their-rugby-world-cup-sevens-finals-in-cape-town|accessdate=22 September 2022|work=Stuff|language=en}}</ref> === 2023 Premier Rugby Sevens === Na Mee 2023, Saili kwupụtara na ọ ga-aga United States of America ka ọ kpọọ na Premier Rugby Sevens . Saili bịanyere aka na [[Texas Team|otu Texas]], na-egwuri egwu n'akụkụ New Zealand sevens, Tysha Ikenasio . <ref>{{Cite web|date=17 May 2023|title=New Zealand Rugby Stars Sign with Premier Rugby Sevens for 2023 Season|url=https://www.prsevens.com/news/new-zealand-rugby-stars-sign-with-premier-rugby-sevens-for-2023-season|work=Premier Rugby Sevens|accessdate=27 June 2024}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=Eastern Conference Kickoff Preview|url=https://prsevens.com/2023/06/16/eastern-conference-kickoff-preview/|work=Premier Rugby Sevens|accessdate=27 June 2024}}</ref> Saili kwụsịrị afọ ahụ ngụkọta, ịgba mbọ abụọ, isi iri, ihe mgbawa asaa, ibu isii, na otu izu ohi. Otu gara 1–3 n'oge oge niile na-ebuli mmeri naanị ha na Highmark Stadium na Pittsburgh, Pa . megide [[Pittsburgh Steeltoes]] . [[Texas]] chịrị Pittsburgh, mechiri Steeltoes 29–0. <ref name="prsevens">{{Cite web|title=Pittsburgh has a new Big Ben – Men's Steeltoes win their Home Debut and Qualify for Premier Rugby Sevens Championship {{!}} Premier Rugby Sevens|url=https://www.prsevens.com/news/steeltoes-make-home-debut-in-highmark-stadium-mens-steeltoes-qualify-for-championship|work=Premier Rugby Sevens|accessdate=14 December 2023|language=en|archivedate=22 February 2024|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240222012908/https://www.prsevens.com/news/steeltoes-make-home-debut-in-highmark-stadium-mens-steeltoes-qualify-for-championship}}</ref> Akara mbọ abụọ Saili mere na ngwụcha ọgbakọ Eastern na Pittsburgh. O nwere ụbọchị siri ike na-enwe otu ahịrị ahịrị, ihe ebupụ anọ, na ihe mgbochi atọ iji soro ụzọ abụọ ahụ gbalịsie ike. <ref name="prsevens"/> Saili na ndị otu ahụ gara 0–2 na Eastern Conference Kickoff na Q2 Stadium na Austin, Tx . na-adaba na [[New York Locals|ndị obodo New York]] na Steeltoes. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Texas Team Rugby|url=https://www.statesman.com/picture-gallery/sports/2023/06/20/texas-team-competes-premier-rugby-sevens/12128263002/|work=Austin American-Statesman|accessdate=14 December 2023|language=en-US}}</ref> === Laghachi na New Zealand ọrụ asaa === Mgbe emechara oge ya na Premier Rugby Sevens Saili laghachiri na New Zealand wee jee ozi dị ka onye otu New Zealand nke gbara asọmpi 2023 – 2024 World Rugby Sevens wee nweta aha otu egwuregwu ya. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Julian|first=Adam|date=6 May 2024|title=Sevens Blackwash in Singapore|url=https://www.allblacks.com/news/sevens-blackout-in-singapore|work=All Blacks|accessdate=26 June 2024|archivedate=6 May 2024|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240506024441/https://www.allblacks.com/news/sevens-blackout-in-singapore}}</ref> N'ime asọmpi ahụ ọ gbara egwuregwu iri abụọ na anọ, ma gbaa ọkpụ asaa. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Alena Saili|work=SVNS|url=https://www.svns.com/en/teams/new-zealand|accessdate=27 June 2024}}</ref> === 2024 Paris Olympic === Na 20 June 2024 a mara ọkwa na ahọpụtara ya ka onye otu New Zealand Women's Rugby Sevens maka asọmpi Paris . <ref>{{Cite web|author=Kermeen|first=Mat|date=20 June 2024|title=Sevens star Sarah Hirini completes 'unbelievable' recovery for Paris Olympics|url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/sport/350317426/sevens-star-sarah-hirini-completes-unbelievable-recovery-paris-olympics|work=Stuff|accessdate=21 June 2024}}</ref> Ndị otu ahụ meriri ihe nrite ọla edo, meriri Canada 19–12 n'ikpeazụ iji nye ya na New Zealand ihe nrite ọla edo Olympic azụ na azụ. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Burgess|first=Michael|date=31 July 2024|title=Olympics 2024: New Zealand women’s rugby sevens clinch Olympic gold in Paris|url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/sport/olympics/olympics-2024-new-zealand-womens-rugby-sevens-clinch-olympic-gold-in-paris/RMU4PDY6C5BZFIXSKPRVYKXF4Q/|work=NZ Herald|accessdate=31 July 2024}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|author=Lindsay|first=Brayden|date=31 July 2024|title=Saili helps New Zealand to gold|url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/sport/350361390/saili-helps-new-zealand-gold|work=|accessdate=2 August 2024}}</ref> == Ihe nrite na nkwanye ugwu == * 2016–17, ILT Southland junior onye egwuregwu nke afọ. <ref name="ILT">{{Cite web|title=ILT Southland Sports Awards: Honour Board|url=https://www.sporty.co.nz/sportsouthlandsportsawards/2024-winners-honours-board|work=Sporty|accessdate=27 June 2024|archivedate=27 June 2024|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240627045620/https://www.sporty.co.nz/sportsouthlandsportsawards/2024-winners-honours-board}}</ref> * 2018–19, ILT Southland junior onye egwuregwu nke afọ. <ref name="ILT" /> * 2021–22, onye isi egwuregwu ILT Southland nke afọ. <ref name="ILT" /> <ref>{{Cite web|date=8 July 2022|title=Black Ferns star Alena Saili ILT Southland sportsperson of the year|url=https://www.activesouthland.co.nz/newsarticle/117681?newsfeedId=1325221|work=Active Southland|accessdate=24 June 2024}}</ref> == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] jyvoj77odseurjya8a9hk51es8totne 0 54097 643963 516187 2026-05-30T12:15:16Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 643963 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Phillipa Love''' (amụrụ 8 Eprel 1990) bụ onye ọkpọ egwuregwu rugby New Zealand. Ọ na-egwuri egwu maka Black Ferns na mba ụwa wee bụrụ onye otu n'ime ndị otu egwuregwu asọmpi Rugby World Cup 2021 . Ọ na-egwuri egwu maka Matatu na asọmpi Super Rugby Aupiki ma na-anọchite anya Canterbury Provincially. == Ọrụ Rugby == === 2014-2016 === Ịhụnanya mere ya mpụta mbụ maka New Zealand megide [[Kánada|Canada]] na 14 June 2014 na Whakatāne . <ref>{{Cite web|author=van Royen|first=Robert|date=7 September 2014|title=Rugby: Prop driving Spirit in bid for top-two spot|url=https://www.odt.co.nz/sport/rugby/rugby-prop-driving-spirit-bid-top-two-spot|accessdate=5 February 2022|work=Otago Daily Times Online News|language=en}}</ref> E leghaara ya anya kpam kpam na 2015. Akpọrọ ya na Black Ferns na 2016 maka njem nlegharị anya Northern Hemisphere ha, mana gbajiri ACL ya n'oge ọzụzụ wee chụọ ya ọnwa isii. === 2017 === N'afọ 2017, ọ nwetara okpu nke abụọ ya megide Canada, mana akpọghị ya aha na ndị otu iko mba ụwa . Ọ pụtara na egwuregwu ule megide United States na 2018 na [[Chicago]] . <ref>{{Cite web|date=2 November 2018|title=New Zealand Names Black Ferns Roster For The Rugby Weekend Rematch vs. USA – FloRugby|url=https://www.florugby.com/articles/6261142-new-zealand-names-black-ferns-roster-for-the-rugby-weekend-rematch-vs-usa|accessdate=5 February 2022|work=www.florugby.com|language=en}}</ref> Ahọpụtara ịhụnanya maka 2019 Women's Rugby Super Series na San Diego wee kpọọ egwuregwu ọ bụla. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Goff|first=Alex|date=1 July 2019|title=Eagles, Black Ferns Set To Face Off In Super Series – FloRugby|url=https://www.florugby.com/articles/6524913-eagles-black-ferns-set-to-face-off-in-super-series|accessdate=5 February 2022|work=www.florugby.com|language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|date=28 June 2019|title=Super Series Preview – Canada vs New Zealand|url=https://www.americasrugbynews.com/2019/06/27/super-series-preview-canada-vs-new-zealand/|accessdate=5 February 2022|work=Americas Rugby News|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|date=27 June 2019|title=Canada vs New Zealand: 2019 Super Series|url=https://djcoilrugby.com/2019/06/27/canada-vs-new-zealand-2019-super-series/|accessdate=5 February 2022|work=djcoilrugby|language=en-US|archivedate=2 July 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190702055519/https://djcoilrugby.com/2019/06/27/canada-vs-new-zealand-2019-super-series/}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|author=Grounds|first=Ben|date=24 June 2019|title=Women's Rugby Super Series preview: England prepare to face world's best|url=https://www.skysports.com/rugby-union/news/12504/11747919/womens-rugby-super-series-preview-england-prepare-to-face-worlds-best|accessdate=5 February 2022|work=Sky Sports|language=en}}</ref> Ọ gbara maka Black Ferns megide ndị otu New Zealand Barbarians na 2020 na Trafalgar Park na Nelson, New Zealand . <ref>{{Cite web|title=Black Ferns and NZ Barbarians teams named for Nelson game.|url=https://www.aucklandrugby.co.nz/aru/newsarticle/97717?newsfeedid=972103|accessdate=5 February 2022|work=www.aucklandrugby.co.nz}}</ref> === 2021–2022 === Akpọrọ ịhụnanya aha na Black Ferns squad maka njem Europe nke England na [[France]] maka 2021. <ref>{{Cite web|date=6 September 2021|title=34-player Black Ferns squad named for Test series|url=https://www.allblacks.com/news/34-player-black-ferns-squad-named-for-test-series/|accessdate=5 February 2022|work=allblacks.com|language=en-NZ|archivedate=27 January 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220127234422/https://www.allblacks.com/news/34-player-black-ferns-squad-named-for-test-series/}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|date=6 September 2021|title=Black Ferns name youthful squad for European tour|url=https://www.1news.co.nz/2021/09/06/black-ferns-name-youthful-squad-for-european-tour/|accessdate=5 February 2022|work=1 News}}</ref> Ọ bịanyere aka na Matatu maka oge mbido Super Rugby Aupiki na 2022 . <ref>{{Cite web|title=Matatū confirm their inaugural 2022 squad|url=https://crusaders.co.nz/latest/news/matatu-confirm-their-inaugural-2022-squad/|accessdate=5 February 2022|work=Crusaders Rugby|language=en-US|archivedate=21 May 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220521120214/https://crusaders.co.nz/latest/news/matatu-confirm-their-inaugural-2022-squad/}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|date=3 November 2021|title=Seven Black Ferns and two Wallaroos named in inaugural Matatū squad|url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/sport/rugby/super-rugby/300445357/seven-black-ferns-and-two-wallaroos-named-in-inaugural-matat-squad|accessdate=5 February 2022|work=Stuff|language=en}}</ref> Ahọpụtara ịhụnanya maka ndị otu Black Ferns maka 2022 Pacific Four Series . <ref>{{Cite web|date=2022-05-04|title=31-strong Black Ferns squad named for home June Test series|url=https://www.allblacks.com/news/31-strong-black-ferns-squad-named-for-home-june-test-series/|accessdate=2022-06-12|work=allblacks.com|language=en-NZ}}</ref> N'August, o mere otu ahụ ọzọ maka usoro ule abụọ megide Wallaroos maka iko Laurie O'Reilly . <ref>{{Cite web|date=2022-08-02|title=Black Ferns named for O'Reilly Cup Test series|url=https://www.allblacks.com/news/black-ferns-named-for-oreilly-cup-test-series/|accessdate=2022-08-08|work=allblacks.com|language=en-NZ}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|author=Brown|first=Roger|date=2022-08-15|title=2022 Laurie O'Reilly Cup Black Ferns Vs Wallaroos " When Does It Start, Live Streams And Schedule"|url=https://thedailyrugby.com/laurie-oreilly-cup-black-ferns-vs-wallaroos/|accessdate=2022-08-16|work=thedailyrugby.com|language=en-US|archivedate=2022-09-25|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220925010929/https://thedailyrugby.com/laurie-oreilly-cup-black-ferns-vs-wallaroos/}}</ref> A họpụtara ya maka otu ndị egwuregwu Black Ferns 32 maka asọmpi World Rugby 2021 . <ref name=":022">{{Cite web|date=2022-09-13|title=Black Ferns squad locked in for Rugby World Cup|url=https://www.allblacks.com/news/black-ferns-squad-locked-in-for-rugby-world-cup/|accessdate=2022-09-15|work=allblacks.com|language=en-NZ|archivedate=2022-09-13|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220913133032/https://www.allblacks.com/news/black-ferns-squad-locked-in-for-rugby-world-cup/}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|date=2022-09-13|title=Black Ferns Rugby World Cup squad named|url=https://www.rnz.co.nz/news/sport/474684/black-ferns-rugby-world-cup-squad-named|accessdate=2022-09-27|work=RNZ|language=en-nz}}</ref> === 2023 === A họpụtara ịhụnanya na Black Ferns 30-player squad ka ọ bụrụ asọmpi na Pacific Four Series na O'Reilly Cup . <ref name=":7">{{Cite web|date=2023-06-07|title=First Black Ferns squad of 2023 named|url=https://www.allblacks.com/news/first-black-ferns-squad-of-2023-named/|accessdate=2023-06-07|work=allblacks.com|language=en-NZ|archivedate=2023-06-07|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230607012755/https://www.allblacks.com/news/first-black-ferns-squad-of-2023-named/}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|date=2023-06-07|title=Nine rookies named in first Black Ferns squad of 2023|url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/sport/black-ferns-nine-rookies-named-in-first-squad-of-2023/GQWKTEVJXVBEFD2GB2YOECTUVA/|accessdate=2023-06-07|work=NZ Herald|language=en-NZ|archivedate=2023-06-07|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230607012755/https://www.nzherald.co.nz/sport/black-ferns-nine-rookies-named-in-first-squad-of-2023/GQWKTEVJXVBEFD2GB2YOECTUVA/}}</ref> N'ọnwa Julaị, o mere ahịrị mmalite n'akụkụ ya 21–52 mmeri ha meriri Canada na Pacific Four Series na Ottawa . <ref>{{Cite web|date=2023-07-09|title=Black Ferns fly past Canada in front of record crowd in Ottawa|url=https://www.americasrugbynews.com/2023/07/08/black-ferns-fly-past-canada-in-front-of-record-crowd-in-ottawa/|accessdate=2023-07-09|work=Americas Rugby News|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|author=Burnes|first=Campbell|date=2023-07-09|title=Black Ferns secure WXV1 qualification with Ottawa victory|url=https://www.allblacks.com/news/winning/|accessdate=2023-07-09|work=allblacks.com|language=en-NZ|archivedate=2023-07-09|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230709024342/https://www.allblacks.com/news/winning/}}</ref> == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] hwm5o1vgdx358voqq5kceql283bw15b 0 54446 644057 192961 2026-05-30T14:42:27Z Mirah50 16972 Fixed reference errors 644057 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Usòrò:Taniamorales-2_(39965838884).jpg|thumb| Morales na 2016 na ogbako ndị nta akụkọ maka otu egwuregwu bọọlụ ụmụ nwanyị Mexico .]] '''Tania Paola Morales Bazarte''' (amụrụ 22 Disemba 1986), nke a maara dị ka '''Tania Morales''', bụ onye bụbu [[Footbọl|onye egwuregwu bọọlụ]] Mexico nke mechara bụrụ onye ọkpọ egwuregwu na Liga MX Femenil na ndị otu mba Mexico . Na mba ụwa, ọ nọchitere anya ndị otu ndị na-erubeghị afọ 20 na ndị agadi Mexico. Site na 2017 ruo 2021, ọ bụ onye otu CD Guadalajara, nke a na-akpọ ''Chivas'' na ''Rebaño Sagrado'', ebe ọ bụ onye isi otu. N'afọ 2022, erere ya na Cruz Azul ebe bụkwa onye isi. Na 2023 ọ na-egwuri egwu na Queretaro . Na 2 Disemba 2023, Morales kwupụtara ịla ezumike nka na bọọlụ. <ref name="Vazquez">{{Cite web|author=Vazquez|first=Julian|title=Tania Morales anuncian su retiro despues de 6 anos en la liga|url=https://www.record.com.mx/futbol-futbol-nacional-liga-femenil-mx/tania-morales-anuncian-su-retiro-despues-de-6-anos-en-la-liga|work=Record|accessdate=10 January 2024}}</ref> == Ọrụ klọb == A mụrụ Tania Morales na Guadalajara, Jalisco na 22 Disemba 1986. Na 2017, Morales sonyeere Guadalajara wee họrọ ya dị ka onye isi otu maka oge mbido nke Liga MX Femenil . Ọ gbara ọkpụ asaa wee nye aka abụọ n'oge asọmpi Apertura . Na 4 Nọvemba 2017, Morales meriri ihe mgbaru ọsọ mbụ na naanị Olympic na otu. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Golazo olímpico de Tania Morales en la semifinal de ida de la Liga MX femenil|url=http://www.marca.com/claro-mx/futbol/futbol-femenil/2017/11/05/59fe612be5fdead4438b4572.html|work=Marca|date=4 November 2017|accessdate=8 January 2018|language=es}}</ref> Ndị ''Chivas'' meriri asọmpi otu egwuregwu na 24 Nọvemba 2017 ka ha meriri Pachuca na egwuregwu nke abụọ nke asọmpi egwuregwu abụọ. Morales nyere aka na mmeri ahụ. Egwuregwu ahụ dọtara igwe mmadụ 28,955 na ndị nkiri 32,466 setịpụrụ ndekọ. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Pachuca tomó ventaja en el Gran Final|url=http://www.ligafemenil.mx/cancha/detallenoticia/23008|publisher=[[Liga MX Femenil]]|date=20 November 2017|language=es}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=El Club Guadalajara es campeón de la Liga MX Femenil|url=http://www.ligafemenil.mx/cancha/detallenoticia/23054/el-club-guadalajara-es-campeon-de-la-liga-mx-femenil|publisher=[[Liga MX Femenil]]|date=24 November 2017|accessdate=7 January 2018|language=es}}</ref> N'asọmpi Clausura 2018 Morales nyere goolu ise. Dịka nke Septemba 2020, Morales bụ onye ọkpụkpọ merela ọtụtụ ihe ngosi na akụkọ Guadalajara. == Ọrụ mba ụwa == Morales gbara Mexico bọọlụ n'asọmpị mba ụwa nke FIFA U-20 nke afọ 2006 gbara na Rọshịa, ebe e wepụrụ ndị otu Mexico na ọkwa otu. <ref>{{Cite web|title=La capitana rojiblanca que también es superhéroe|url=https://www.vavel.com/mx/futbol-mexicano/liga-mx/chivas/845877-la-capitana-que-tambien-es-super-heroina.html|work=Vavel|first=Silvia|author=Hoyos|date=7 November 2017|accessdate=7 January 2018|language=es}}</ref> N'ịgba egwu maka ndị otu agadi Mexico, na 2 Eprel 2008, Morales meriri ihe mgbaru ọsọ abụọ n'otu egwuregwu Jamaica ka Mexico na-asọ mpi n'enweghi ihe ịga nke ọma iji tozuo maka egwuregwu Olympic 2008 . Na 2010 CONCACAF iko ọla edo ụmụ nwanyị, Morales gbara egwuregwu ise niile ka Mexico nwere ihe ịga nke ọma na iru eru maka asọmpi iko mba ụwa nke FIFA 2011 . <ref>{{Cite web|title=CONCACAF Mexico 2010: Women's World Cup Qualifying Recap|url=http://www.concacaf.com/article/world-cup-qualifying-women-2010-technical-report|pages=11, 15–19|accessdate=25 January 2018}}</ref> Na iko ọla edo, Morales bụ onye nọchiri anya na egwuregwu ha na United States na 5 Nọvemba 2010 ebe Mexico meriri 2–1. US Soccer kpọrọ egwuregwu ahụ "iwe iwe na-atụ egwu" yana "ihe kacha pụta na akụkọ egwuregwu bọọlụ ụmụ nwanyị Mexico. <ref>{{Cite web|title=U.S. Women Upset by Mexico 2-1 at CONCACAF Women's World Cup Qualifying Tournament|url=https://www.ussoccer.com/stories/2014/03/17/13/31/usa-falls-in-mexico|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180107183416/https://www.ussoccer.com/stories/2014/03/17/13/31/usa-falls-in-mexico|archivedate=7 January 2018|accessdate=1 September 2020|publisher=[[United States Soccer Federation|U.S. Soccer]]}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|title=Selección femenil, ¡sabe a tequila!|date=4 January 2011|work=[[Reforma]]|first=Jessica|author=Anguiano|url=http://www.reforma.com/aplicacioneslibre/articulo/default.aspx?id=8045&md5=e9ebb4a77df393a3f7a4085fb5dc1ad6&ta=0dfdbac11765226904c16cb9ad1b2efe&po=1|accessdate=25 January 2018|language=es}}</ref> Morales bụ onye mmalite na egwuregwu soso megide United States na 5 June 2011 nke Mexico meriri 0–1. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Stoppage-Time Strike from Cheney Lifts U.S Women to Win Against Mexico|url=https://www.ussoccer.com/stories/2014/03/17/13/06/cheney-strike-in-stoppage-time-lifts-us-women|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180107174841/https://www.ussoccer.com/stories/2014/03/17/13/06/cheney-strike-in-stoppage-time-lifts-us-women|archivedate=7 January 2018|accessdate=1 September 2020|publisher=[[United States Soccer Federation|U.S. Soccer]]}}</ref> Otú ọ dị, Morales, ọ bụ ezie na onye òtù Mexico, emeghị na 2011 FIFA Women's World Cup . Na 27 November 2017, ndị otu mba họpụtara Morales ka ọ sonye na nkwadebe maka ịsọ mpi na Central America na Caribbean Games na 2018. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Norma Palafox y Miriam García, llamadas al Tri Sub 20|url=https://mexico.as.com/mexico/2017/11/28/futbol/1511826884_854455.html|work=AS.com|first=César|author=Huerta|date=27 November 2017|accessdate=8 January 2018|language=es}}</ref> Ya na ndị otu mba gbakwara otu egwuregwu na iko ụmụ nwanyị Turkey 2018 na Maachị 2018. <ref>{{Cite web|title=La SNM Femenil cierra fase grupos ante Polonia en la Copa Turquía 2018|url=https://miseleccion.mx/la-snm-femenil-cierra-fase-grupos-ante-polonia-la-copa-turquia-2018|accessdate=10 March 2018|archivedate=10 March 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180310201515/https://miseleccion.mx/la-snm-femenil-cierra-fase-grupos-ante-polonia-la-copa-turquia-2018/}}</ref> == Ọnụ ọgụgụ ọrụ == === Klọb === {{updated|match played 27 August 2020}}<ref name=femenil>{{cite web|title=Tania Paola Morales Bazarte|url=http://ligafemenil.mx/cancha/jugador/124821|publisher=[[Liga MX Femenil]]|access-date=1 September 2020}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" |+Mpụta na ihe mgbaru ọsọ site na klọb, oge na asọmpi ! rowspan="2" | Klọb ! rowspan="2" | Oge ! colspan="3" | Njikọ ! colspan="2" | Mkpokọta |- ! Nkewa ! Ngwa ! Ebumnuche ! Ngwa ! Ebumnuche |- | rowspan="5" | Guadalajara | 2017–18 | Njikọ MX Femenil | 30 | 12 | 30 | 12 |- | 2018–19 | Njikọ MX Femenil | 33 | 2 | 33 | 2 |- | 2019-20 | Njikọ MX Femenil | 25 | 5 | 25 | 5 |- | 2020–21 | Njikọ MX Femenil | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 |- ! colspan="2" | Mkpokọta ! 89 ! 19 ! 88 ! 19 |- ! colspan="3" | Ngụkọta ọrụ ! 89 ! 19 ! 88 ! 19 |} == Nkwanye ugwu == === Klọb === ; Guadalajara * Njikọ MX Femenil : Apertura 2017 == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] mc3n7zv4d1qiffu02bap3xadywgw1gp 0 54475 644114 193016 2026-05-30T16:09:38Z Geraldine Kene 23189 Fixed reference error 644114 wikitext text/x-wiki  {{Databox}} '''Zahra Nemati''' ( Persian amuru 30 Eprel 1985) bu onye Iranian Paralympic na onye igba olimpik. Na mbụ ọ na-asọ mpi taekwondo tupu ahụ kpọnwụrụ ya n'ihe mberede ụgbọ ala. N'egwuregwu Paralympic Summer nke afọ 2012 ọ meriri nrite abụọ, ọla edo n'otu n'otu na ọla kọpa otu. O tozuola ịsọ mpi n'egwuregwu Olimpik n'oge okpomọkụ nke afọ 2016 na nke Paralympics Summer Paralymps nke afọ 2016 . <ref>{{Cite news|title=Iran Paralympic archer Zahra Nemati to carry Olympic flag|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/disability-sport/35404284|accessdate=2 May 2016|work=BBC Sport|date=25 January 2016}}</ref> Ọ bụ onye na-ebu ọkọlọtọ na asọmpi Olympic nke afọ 2016 <ref>{{Cite web|title=Zahra Nemati - Archery {{!}} Paralympic Athlete Profile|url=https://www.paralympic.org/zahra-nemati|accessdate=2021-08-24|work=International Paralympic Committee|language=en|archivedate=24 August 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210824154006/https://www.paralympic.org/zahra-nemati}}</ref> na nke yigharịrị 2020 Summer Paralympics na Tokyo ebe ya na onye na-atụ egwu [[Nourmohammad Arekhi]] kerịta nsọpụrụ. <ref>{{Cite web|date=24 August 2021|title=Iran marches in parade of nations at Tokyo Paralympics|url=https://www.tehrantimes.com/news/464274/Iran-marches-in-parade-of-nations-at-Tokyo-Paralympics|accessdate=24 August 2021|work=Tehran Times|language=en|archivedate=24 August 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210824155242/https://www.tehrantimes.com/news/464274/Iran-marches-in-parade-of-nations-at-Tokyo-Paralympics}}</ref> == Ndụ onwe onye == Nemati was born in Kerman, Iran. In 2003, she was injured in a car accident, leaving her with spinal injuries and paralysis of both legs.<ref name="ipc">{{Cite web|title=Athlete Bio NEMATI Zahra|url=http://ipc.infostradasports.com/asp/lib/TheASP.asp?pageid=8937&sportid=536&personid=1005545|publisher=International Paralympic Committee|accessdate=2 May 2016|archivedate=31 March 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160331122846/http://ipc.infostradasports.com/asp/lib/TheASP.asp?pageid=8937&sportid=536&personid=1005545}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=Iran archer defies odds|url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1090917/jsp/sports/story_11505736.jsp|accessdate=2 May 2016|work=The Telegraph India|date=17 September 2009}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Iran’s Zahra NEMATI wins individual SportAccord award|url=http://worldarchery.org/news/101503/irans-zahra-nemati-wins-individual-sportaccord-award|publisher=[[World Archery Federation]]|accessdate=3 May 2016|date=30 May 2013|archivedate=2 June 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160602063231/http://worldarchery.org/news/101503/irans-zahra-nemati-wins-individual-sportaccord-award}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|author=Mckenzie|first=Sheena|title=London 2012 Paralympics Blog|url=http://olympics.edition.cnn.com/Event/London-2012-Paralympics-Live-Blog?Page=19|accessdate=3 May 2016|work=CNN|date=4 September 2012}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=Shaking off quake blues, this Iranian archer will shoot from her wheelchair|url=http://archive.indianexpress.com/news/shaking-off-quake-blues-this-iranian-archer-will-shoot-from-her-wheelchair/518057/|accessdate=3 May 2016|work=The Indian Express|date=17 September 2014}}</ref> == Ọrụ egwuregwu == Tupu e merụrụ ya ahụ, Nemati bụbu eriri ojii na taekwondo. Ọ malitere ịgba ụta na 2006 ma n'ime ọnwa isii gụchara nke atọ na asọmpi mba, na-asọ mpi megide ndị egwuregwu nwere ike. <ref name="award" />Na mmemme para-agba ụta ọ na-asọ mpi na nhazi W2 . <ref name="ipc" /> A họpụtara Nemati ka ọ bụrụ asọmpi maka Iran na 2012 Summer Paralympics, nke e mere na [[London]], United Kingdom, bụ ebe ọ meriri ihe nrite abụọ, ghọrọ nwanyị Iran mbụ nwetara ihe nrite ọla edo na Olympic ma ọ bụ Paralympic Games. <ref name="tasnim" />N'ime mmemme W1/W2 nke ụmụnwaanyị, o tinyere nke mbụ n'ọkwa n'ọkwa na akara 613 wee nata bye na agba nke iri na isii ebe ọ meriri [[Mariangela Perna]] nke Italy 6–0. N'agba nke anọ ọ meriri Gizem Girismen nke Turkey ọzọ site na ọkpụ isii-0 wee ruo n'asọmpi ọla edo site na imeri ọkara ikpeazụ ya megide [[Veronica Floreno]] nke Italy 6–0. Nemati chere Elisabetta Mijno nke Italy ihu n'ikpeazụ wee nweta nrite ọla edo site na mmeri 7–3. <ref>{{Cite web|title=London 2012 Paralympic Games Archery Women's Individual Recurve W1/W2|url=https://www.paralympic.org/ipc_results/results.php?eclass=W1/W2&sport=archery&competition=2012PG&gender=f&discipline=&event=Individual%20Recurve|publisher=International Paralympic Committee|accessdate=2 May 2016|archivedate=8 May 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160508074055/https://www.paralympic.org/ipc_results/results.php?eclass=W1%2FW2&sport=archery&competition=2012PG&gender=f&discipline=&event=Individual%20Recurve}}</ref> Ọ raara ihe nrite ọla edo ya nye "ndị niile kpere ekpere ka m nweta ihe ịga nke ọma a." <ref>{{Cite news|title=Iran's Zahra Nemati wins archery gold at 2012 Paralympics|url=http://www.payvand.com/news/12/sep/1029.html|accessdate=2 May 2016|work=Tehran Times|publisher=Payvand News|date=4 September 2012}}</ref> N'ime otu ndị inyom recurve, Nemati so na ndị otu Iran na [[Razieh Shir Mohammadi]] na [[Zahra Javanmard]] . Ha tinyere isi 1646 n'ọkwa nke abụọ wee merie Czech Republic na nkeji iri na ise. N'ọkara nke abụọ ndị otu Iran meriri South Korea site na akara nke 192–186 mana gara n'ihu imeri Italy 188–184 n'asọmpi ọla ọla ka Nemati nwetara nrite ya nke abụọ n'egwuregwu ahụ. <ref>{{Cite web|title=London 2012 Paralympic Games Archery Women's Team Recurve open|url=https://www.paralympic.org/ipc_results/results.php?eclass=open&sport=archery&competition=2012PG&gender=f&discipline=&event=Team%20Recurve|publisher=International Paralympic Committee|accessdate=2 May 2016|archivedate=8 May 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160508074157/https://www.paralympic.org/ipc_results/results.php?eclass=open&sport=archery&competition=2012PG&gender=f&discipline=&event=Team%20Recurve}}</ref> Na 2013 World Para-archery Championship nke emere na [[Bangkok]], Thailand, o meriri ihe nrite ọla edo n'ime ndi nwanyi n'otu n'otu na recurve W2 na ihe nrite ọla n'ime ndi otu umunwanyi recurve. <ref name="ipc" />{{Cite web|title=Athlete Bio NEMATI Zahra|url=http://ipc.infostradasports.com/asp/lib/TheASP.asp?pageid=8937&sportid=536&personid=1005545|publisher=International Paralympic Committee|accessdate=2 May 2016|archivedate=31 March 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160331122846/http://ipc.infostradasports.com/asp/lib/TheASP.asp?pageid=8937&sportid=536&personid=1005545}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[http://ipc.infostradasports.com/asp/lib/TheASP.asp?pageid=8937&sportid=536&personid=1005545 "Athlete Bio NEMATI Zahra"]. International Paralympic Committee. [https://web.archive.org/web/20160331122846/http://ipc.infostradasports.com/asp/lib/TheASP.asp?pageid=8937&sportid=536&personid=1005545 Archived] from the original on 31 March 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 May</span> 2016</span>.</cite></ref> [[Usòrò:Iran_delegation_in_Rio1.jpg|thumb| Nemati na Parade of Nations nke 2016 Summer Olympics]] N'afọ 2015 Nemati mere akụkọ ihe mere eme site n'inweta ntozu maka ma asọmpi Olimpiks Summer 2016 na 2016 Summer Paralympics nke a ga-eme na Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. O tozuru maka asọmpi Olympic site n'itinye nke abụọ n'ọsọ ụmụ nwanyị na asọmpi ịgba ụta Asia na 2015 na Bangkok tupu ya emerie ọla edo na 2015 Asia Para-archery Championship iji ruo eruo maka Paralympics. Ọ bụ onye mgba ụta mbụ ruru eru maka egwuregwu abụọ ahụ n'otu afọ kemgbe Italian Paola Fantato na 1996. <ref>{{Cite web|title=No. 37 Nemati secures both Olympic, Paralympic spots for Iran|url=https://www.paralympic.org/feature/no-37-nemati-secures-both-olympic-paralympic-spots-iran|publisher=International Paralympic Committee|accessdate=2 May 2016|archivedate=8 May 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160508072549/https://www.paralympic.org/feature/no-37-nemati-secures-both-olympic-paralympic-spots-iran}}</ref> Na Jenụwarị 2016, ahọpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ onye na-ebu ọkọlọtọ maka ndị otu Iran n'oge Parade of Nations na emume mmeghe Olympic Summer 2016 . <ref name="tasnim">{{Cite news|title=Zahra Nemati Named Iran Flagbearer at Olympics|url=http://www.tasnimnews.com/en/news/2016/01/23/978587/zahra-nemati-named-iran-flagbearer-at-olympics|accessdate=2 May 2016|work=Tasnim News Agency|date=23 January 2016}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[http://www.tasnimnews.com/en/news/2016/01/23/978587/zahra-nemati-named-iran-flagbearer-at-olympics "Zahra Nemati Named Iran Flagbearer at Olympics"]. ''Tasnim News Agency''. 23 January 2016. [https://web.archive.org/web/20190509010800/https://www.tasnimnews.com/en/news/2016/01/23/978587/zahra-nemati-named-iran-flagbearer-at-olympics Archived] from the original on 9 May 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 May</span> 2016</span>.</cite></ref> Ọ gbara asọmpi na mmemme ụmụ nwanyị n'otu n'otu na Olympic Summer 2016. O tinyere akara 609 n'ọkwa nke iri anọ na itoolu. Inna Stepanova nke [[Mpaghara Russia|Russia]] meriri ya n'agba nke iri atọ na abụọ. Ọ gụchara na nke iri atọ na atọ. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.rio2016.com/en/archery-standings-ar-womens-individual#|title=Archery - Women's Individual|work=Rio 2016|accessdate=26 August 2016|archivedate=26 August 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160826095146/https://www.rio2016.com/en/archery-standings-ar-womens-individual}}</ref> == Nsonaazụ == Isi mmalite: <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://olympics.com/tokyo-2020/paralympic-games/en/results/archery/athlete-profile-n1521526-nemati-zahra.htm|title=Archery - NEMATI Zahra|work=Tokyo 2020 Paralympics|publisher=[[Tokyo Organising Committee of the Olympic and Paralympic Games]]|accessdate=2 September 2021|archivedate=2 September 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210902145251/https://olympics.com/tokyo-2020/paralympic-games/en/results/archery/athlete-profile-n1521526-nemati-zahra.htm}}</ref> === Egwuregwu Paralympic === 1 Ntugharị n'otu n'otu - Mepee 2016 Rio de Janeiro, BRA 1 Ntugharị n'otu n'otu - W1/W2 2012 London, GBR 2 Otu recurve - Mepee 2016 Rio de Janeiro, BRA 3 Otu recurve - Mepee 2012 London, GBR === Asọmpi mba ụwa === 1 Ntugharị n'otu n'otu - Mepee 2017 Beijing, CHN 1 Ntugharị n'otu n'otu - W2 2013 Bangkok, THA 1 Otu recurve - Mepee 2011 Turin, ITA 2 Ntugharị n'otu n'otu - W1/W2 2011 Turin, ITA 3 Otu ntughari - Mepee 2017 Beijing, CHN 3 Otu recurve - Mepee 2013 Bangkok, THA 3 Otu recurve - Mepee 2011 Turin, ITA 4 Ntugharị n'otu n'otu - Mepee 2019's-Hertogenbosch, NED 4 Otu recurve - Mepee 2017 Beijing, CHN 7 Otu recurve - Mepee 2013 Bangkok, THA 9 Otu recurve - Mepee 2019's-Hertogenbosch, NED === Egwuregwu Asia Para === 1 Otu recurve - Mepee 2018 Jakarta, INA 2 Ntugharị n'otu n'otu - Mepee 2018 Jakarta, INA == Nkwanye ugwu == Nemati meriri ihe nrite onye otu onye egwuregwu Accord Accord 2013. <ref name="award">{{Cite web|title=Iran's Zahra Nemati Individual Winner of 2013 Spirit of Sport Awards|url=https://www.paralympic.org/video/irans-zahra-nemati-individual-winner-2013-spirit-sport-awards|publisher=International Paralympic Committee|accessdate=2 May 2016|archivedate=8 May 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160508072602/https://www.paralympic.org/video/irans-zahra-nemati-individual-winner-2013-spirit-sport-awards}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://www.paralympic.org/video/irans-zahra-nemati-individual-winner-2013-spirit-sport-awards "Iran's Zahra Nemati Individual Winner of 2013 Spirit of Sport Awards"]. International Paralympic Committee. [https://web.archive.org/web/20160508072602/https://www.paralympic.org/video/irans-zahra-nemati-individual-winner-2013-spirit-sport-awards Archived] from the original on 8 May 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 May</span> 2016</span>.</cite></ref> == Hụkwa == * Ndepụta ndị na-eme egwuregwu gbagoro asọmpi Paralympics na Olympic == Ntụaka == {{Reflist|30em}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 86kxsbqkumk3g49c1o1jn5zhkuiltfk 0 54534 644180 193113 2026-05-30T18:38:38Z Sylvaline39 15355 fixed reference error 644180 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}  '''Valeria Straneo''' (amuru 5 Eprel 1976) bu onye agba oso ogologo oge Italytali, onye meriri nrite ọla ọcha na asọmpi egwuregwu ụwa nke 2013 na onye na -edekọ Italiantali na marathon . Ọ meriri Stramilano na 2011 wee kwalite ndekọ ọkara marathon Italiantali na Roma-Ostia Half Marathon na 2012, n'agbanyeghị na akwadoghị ya n'ihi na usoro ahụ ezuteghị ụkpụrụ Fidal. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.fidal.it/content/RomaOstia-da-record-Straneo-1h07-46/50157|title=Roma-Ostia da record Straneo|publisher=[[Italian Athletics Federation|FIDAL]]|language=it|date=26 February 2012|accessdate=15 April 2012}}</ref> == Akụkọ ndụ == Amụrụ na Alessandria, ọ bụ naanị mgbe ewepụsịrị splin ya, na 2010, ọ malitere iru ụkpụrụ mba nke ịgba ọsọ. Na 35 afọ, ọ họọrọ nke asatọ na 2011 Berlin Marathon na oge nke 2:26:33 awa. Nke a zutere ụkpụrụ ntozu maka egwuregwu Olympic nke 2012, mana ndị egwuregwu atọ ndị ọzọ agbagoro ọsọ ọsọ karịa ya ( Anna Incerti, Rosaria Console na [[Nadia Ejjafini]] ). <ref name="FIDAL">{{Cite web|url=http://www.fidal.it/atleta/Valeria-Straneo/dKmRk5eka2M%3D|title=Valeria Straneo|publisher=FIDAL|language=it|accessdate=15 April 2012}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="true">[http://www.fidal.it/atleta/Valeria-Straneo/dKmRk5eka2M%3D "Valeria Straneo"] (in Italian). FIDAL<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 April</span> 2012</span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 Italian-language sources (it)]]</ref> <ref name="TIME">{{Cite web|url=http://www.fidal.it/content/La-Straneo-cerca-Londra-a-Rotterdam/50288|title=La Straneo cerca Londra a Rotterdam|publisher=FIDAL|language=it|accessdate=15 April 2012}}</ref> Agbanyeghị, ọ mebiri ndekọ Italy dị afọ 12 na Marathon Rotterdam n'April, mechaa dị ka onye gbara ọsọ na oge nke awa 2:23:44. <ref name="record">{{Cite web|url=http://www.fidal.it/content/Straneo-record-a-Rotterdam-2h23-44/50294|title=Straneo record a Rotterdam 2h23:44|publisher=FIDAL|language=it|date=15 April 2012|accessdate=15 April 2012}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="true">[http://www.fidal.it/content/Straneo-record-a-Rotterdam-2h23-44/50294 "Straneo record a Rotterdam 2h23:44"] (in Italian). FIDAL. 15 April 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 April</span> 2012</span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 Italian-language sources (it)]]</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|author=van Hemert|first=Wim|date=25 April 2012|url=http://www.iaaf.org/news/news/spectacular-double-ethiopian-success-brings-h|title=Spectacular double Ethiopian success brings home 2:04 and 2:18 victories in Rotterdam|publisher=[[International Association of Athletics Federations|IAAF]]|accessdate=22 April 2012}}</ref> Marathon Turin hụrụ ka ọ gụchara nke atọ na elekere 2:27:04. <ref>{{Cite news|author=Sampaolo|first=Diego|publisher=IAAF|date=18 November 2012|url=http://www.iaaf.org/news/report/cherop-and-terer-dominate-in-turin|title=Cherop and Terer dominate in Turin|accessdate=14 February 2013}}</ref> Straneo nọchitere anya otu egwuregwu egwuregwu mba Italy otu ugboro (na European Cross Country Championship 2011 ) wee merie ugboro abụọ na asọmpi mba . O nwere ụmụ abụọ, Leonardo (a mụrụ 2006) na Arianna (a mụrụ 2007). <ref name="FIDAL"/> == Ndekọ mba == * Ọkara marathon: '''1:07:46''' (</img> Ostia, 26 Febrụwarị 2012) - njide dị ugbu a. <ref name="record"/> * Marathon: '''2:23:44'''</img> Rotterdam, 15 Eprel 2012) - njide dị ugbu a. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.fidal.it/content/Straneo-record-a-Rotterdam-2h23-44/50294|title=Straneo record a Rotterdam 2h23:44|publisher=FIDAL|language=it|date=15 April 2012|accessdate=5 February 2013}}</ref> == Mmezu == {| class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%; text-align:center;" width="65%" !Afọ ! Asọmpi ! Ebe ! Nsonaazụ ! Ihe omume ! Oge ! Ihe ndetu |- | 2011 | align="left" | European Cross Country Championship | align="left" |</img> [[Velenje]] | 10th | Cross obodo na-agba ọsọ | 26:42 | |- | 2012 | align="left" | Egwuregwu Olympic | align="left" |</img> [[London]] | 8th | Marathon | 2:25:27 | Agbanwere ka ọ bụrụ 7th mgbe emechusịrị Tetyana Hamera-Shmyrko <ref name="olympic profile">{{Cite web|title=Valeria Straneo|url=https://olympics.com/en/athletes/valeria-straneo|work=Olympics|publisher=International Olympic Committee|accessdate=3 February 2022|language=en}}</ref> |- | rowspan="2" | 2013 | align="left" | Egwuregwu Mediterranean | align="left" |</img> [[Mersin]] | bgcolor="gold" | 1st | Ọkara Marathon | 1:11:00 |[[Usòrò:Sport_records_icon_CR.svg|22x22px]]</img> |- | align="left" | Asọmpi mba ụwa na egwuregwu | align="left" |</img> [[Moscow]] | bgcolor="silver" | Nke abụọ | Marathon | 2:25:58 |[[Usòrò:Sport_records_icon_SB.svg|22x22px]]</img> |- | 2014 | align="left" | Asọmpi European na egwuregwu | align="left" |</img> [[Zurich]] | bgcolor="silver" | Nke abụọ | Marathon | 2:25:27 | |- | 2016 | align="left" | Egwuregwu Olympic | align="left" |</img> [[Rio de Janeiro]] | nke 13 <ref name="olympic profile" /> | Marathon | 2:29:44 |[[Usòrò:Sport_records_icon_SB.svg|22x22px]]</img> |} == Ọsọ ụzọ == * 1st - 2011 Stramilano * 2nd - 2012 Marathon Rotterdam == Aha obodo == Straneo meriri asọmpi mba asatọ na ọkwa onye isi, ọ meriri, na 36 afọ maka oge mbụ ya, asọmpi mba nke ọ bụla. <ref name="FIDAL">{{Cite web|url=http://www.fidal.it/atleta/Valeria-Straneo/dKmRk5eka2M%3D|title=Valeria Straneo|publisher=FIDAL|language=it|accessdate=15 April 2012}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="true">[http://www.fidal.it/atleta/Valeria-Straneo/dKmRk5eka2M%3D "Valeria Straneo"] (in Italian). FIDAL<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 April</span> 2012</span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 Italian-language sources (it)]]</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.sportolimpico.it/attachments/article/224/CAMPIONESSE%20ITALIANE.pdf|title=TUTTE LE CAMPIONESSE ITALIANE – 1923/2020|publisher=sportolimpico.it|accessdate=14 April 2021}}</ref> * Ịsọ asọmpi Ịtali ** 10,000 mita : 2013, 2020 (2) ** Ọkara marathon : 2012, 2014, 2018, 2020 (4) * Ịtali 10km ụzọ asọmpi ** Ọsọ ụzọ 10km : 2011, 2012 (2) == Hụkwa == * Ihe ndekọ Italian na egwuregwu * Ndepụta oge niile nke Italian - Ọkara marathon * Ndepụta oge niile nke Italian - Marathon == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] edsh9g4rsd79nks3jj1g7msl0ts9kxi 0 54564 644409 451624 2026-05-30T23:20:58Z Iwuala chisom 17246 Fixed reference errors 644409 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Faịlụ:130831-024_-_Susan_Kuijken_-_Flame_Games_2013.1.jpg|thumb|Susan Krumins]] '''Susan Krumins''' (née '''Kuijken''' ; amụrụ 8 Julaị 1986) bụ onye ọgba ọsọ etiti na ogologo oge Dutch. Ọ bụ onye nrite ọla nchara 5000 mita n'asọmpi asọmpi egwuregwu mba Europe nke afọ 2014 ma nwetakwa ọla kọpa [[3000 mita]] na 2014 IAAF Continental Cup . Kuijken nọchitere anya Netherlands ugboro abụọ na asọmpi mba ụwa na egwuregwu, na ngwụcha ya kacha mma bụ nke asatọ na 5000.&nbsp;m na 2013. N'ime usoro afọ niile, ọ gbara asọmpi ugboro asaa na European Cross Country Championship . Ọ gbara asọmpi maka Mahadum Florida State wee bụrụ onye mmeri NCAA na ime ụlọ 3000&nbsp;m (2008) na n'èzí 1500&nbsp;m (2009). Ọ meriri nrite ndị obere European na 2005 na egwu egwu na obodo ma mesịa nweta aha n'okpuru 23 na asọmpi European Cross Country 2008 . Otu n'ime ihe kacha mma ya bụ nkeji 4:05.38 maka mita 1500, nkeji 8:36.08 maka 3000.&nbsp;m, na nkeji 15:00.69 maka mita 5000. == Ọrụ == === Ndụ mmalite na ọrụ === Amụrụ na Nijmegen, ọ mere mpụta mbụ ya na mba ụwa na ịgba ọsọ mba, na-asọ mpi na ngalaba nke obere asọmpi European Cross Country 2002 wee mechaa na 34th. Ọ laghachiri na mbipụta 2003 mana jisiri ike naanị 69th na mbọ ahụ. Ihe nrite mbụ o nwetara n'ụwa bịara n'ememme Olympic nke ndị ntorobịa Europe nke afọ 2003, ebe ọ bụ onye nyere ihe nrite ọla edo karịa [[3000 mita|mita 3000]] na ọla ọla na mita 1500 . Ihe omume izizi ya zuru ụwa ọnụ bịara n'afọ gachara: ọ họọrọ 71st na asọmpi nke obere na 2004 IAAF World Cross Country Championship, mana o mechaghị na 3000.&nbsp;m na 2004 World Junior Championship na egwuregwu . Ọ rụrụ nke ọma na ọkwa kọntinent, na-abịa 39th na 2004 European Cross Country Championship . [[Usòrò:Susan_kuijken.jpg|thumb| Kuijken na 2007 European Cross Country Championship]] Kuijken debere usoro kacha mma nke onwe na egwu na 2005: 2:06.25 nkeji maka mita 800, 4:19.72 nkeji maka 1500.&nbsp;m (nke asaa na ihe omume European Cup 2005 ), 9:28.45 nkeji maka 3000&nbsp;m (akụkụ nke mmeri ọla ọcha n'asọmpi Junior Athletics nke afọ 2005 ) na nkeji 10:42.93 maka steeplechase 3000 mita . N'elu ahihia, ọ bụ onye nwe obere ọla nchara na asọmpi mba Europe nke 2005 wee tinye 58th na asọmpi nke obere na 2005 IAAF World Cross Country Championship . === Egwuregwu kọleji === Na njedebe nke 2005 ọ malitere ịga Florida State University, na-eme isi na akparamaagwa, wee malite ịsọ mpi na ndị otu egwuregwu egwuregwu Florida State Seminoles . Ọ bụ 3000&nbsp;m onye gbara ọsọ na asọmpi ogbako Atlantic Coast wee tinye 27th na NCAA Women's Division I Cross Country Championship . N'ime ọpụpụ mba ụwa naanị ya n'afọ ahụ, ọ bịara 16th n'ọsọ n'okpuru-23 na asọmpi mba Europe nke 2006 . Na 2007 lekwasịrị anya na 1500&nbsp;m anya wetara rịzọlt dị ka ọ na-emeziwanye ike ya nke ukwuu ruo nkeji 4:11.34 - oge butere ya ọnọdụ nke abụọ na asọmpi N'èzí NCAA . Ọ nọ n'ọkwa nke atọ na nzukọ NCAA Cross Country nke afọ ahụ. <ref name="FSU">[http://www.seminoles.com/ViewArticle.dbml?DB_OEM_ID=32900&ATCLID=209584135 Susan Kuijken]. Florida State Seminoles. Retrieved on 8 November 2014.</ref>Na asọmpi Europe ọ bụ nke anọ na 1500&nbsp;m n'asọmpị asọmpi European Athletics U23 nke afọ 2007, mana ọ gwụchara n'ọsọ otu afọ na asọmpi mba Europe nke afọ 2007 . <ref name="Stats">[http://www.susankuijken.com/stats Susan Kuijken stats] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141108174006/http://www.susankuijken.com/stats |date=8 November 2014 }}. Susan Kuijken. Retrieved on 8 November 2014.</ref> Ọ ruru n'elu ihe nkiri kọleji America na oge ime ime 2008. Mgbe o meriri ọsọ mile na nzukọ ime ụlọ nke Atlantic Coast (ACC), o kwuru na 3000&nbsp;m aha na NCAA Indoor Championship na oge ndekọ ogbako nke 8:58.14 nkeji. Ọ dabara nke a n'èzí mgbe ọ nwesịrị mmerụ ahụ n'etiti oge, na-ejedebe nke asatọ na 1500.&nbsp;m na NCAA n'èzí, mana ọ nọ n'ụdị dị mma na NCAA Cross Country Championship ma bụrụ onye na-agba ọsọ. Ihe nrite ọla edo batara na ngalaba n'okpuru 23 na asọmpi mba Europe nke 2008 . Oge ụlọ akwụkwọ kọleji ya kacha aga nke ọma bụ na 2009. Ọ malitere site na mmeri na asọmpi ime ụlọ ACC na onye na-agba ọsọ na NCAA Indoor Championship, mgbe ahụ, mmeri karịrị 5000 mita bịara na asọmpi ACC n'èzí. Ọ nwetara aha kọleji na 1500&nbsp;m na 2009 NCAA Outdoor Championship ma tinye nke atọ na NCAA Cross Country Championship. Ihe omume ya mere ka Mahadum Florida State nweta mmeri otu egwuregwu na asọmpi ACC n'ime ụlọ, n'èzí na n'ofe obodo. === Ọkachamara na-agba ọsọ === Nke kacha mma nke 4:05.86 nkeji maka 1500&nbsp;m wetara nhọrọ ya maka asọmpi mba ụwa nke 2009 na egwuregwu, n'agbanyeghị na o meghị ya na ọkwa okpomọkụ. Kuijken malitere ịsọ mpi ọkachamara na 2010, wee mee ọkwa izizi ya nke European na 2010 European Athletics Championship (na-agba ọsọ na okpomọkụ naanị). Ọ tụfuru ọtụtụ oge 2011, na nlọghachi ya na 2012 ụdị ya agafeela elu ya, na oge kachasị mma ya bụ nkeji 4:10.84. [[Usòrò:Podium_5000m_women_Zurich_2014.jpg|áká_èkpè|thumb| Kuijken (n'aka nri) na 5000&nbsp;m podium maka asọmpi egwuregwu 2014 nke Europe]] Oge 2013 hụrụ Kuijken kụrụ ọkwa arụmọrụ ọhụrụ. Na Golden Spike Ostrava ọ bụ 1500&nbsp;m onye gbara ọsọ n'ime nkeji 4:05.38 kacha mma. O debere ndekọ Dutch nke 5:38.37 nkeji maka ogologo mita 2000 . Ọ meriri 3000&nbsp;m nrite ọla edo na Njikọ Mbụ nke 2013 European Team Championship wee gbaa ọsọ kacha mma nke 8:39.65 nkeji maka anya mgbe ọ na-etinye nke anọ na Nzukọ Rieti (nke họọrọ ya nke mbụ n'etiti ndị Europe maka anya n'afọ ahụ). Ọsọ nke 15:04.36 nkeji na egwuregwu Bislett mere ka ọ bụrụ onye Europe kacha elu n'oge ahụ wee gụchaa n'ọkwa asatọ na ngwụcha nke mmemme ahụ na asọmpi egwuregwu ụwa nke afọ 2013 - onye na-eme egwuregwu kacha mma na Europe. Na mbido 2014, o wepụtara oge izizi ụwa nke 4:07.21 nkeji maka 1500.&nbsp;m mgbe ọ na-emeri na Perth Track Classic . O meriri aha mba mbụ ya n'afọ ahụ n'ebe dị anya ahụ. A họpụtara ya ka ọ gbaa 5000 ahụ&nbsp;m na asọmpi egwuregwu 2014 nke European wee bịa nke atọ n'azụ [[Sifan Hassan]] na Meraf Bahta (ha abụọ amụrụ Africa). Ihe nrite mbụ ya zuru ụwa ọnụ bịara na njedebe nke oge egwu na 2014 IAAF Continental Cup, ebe ọ nọchitere anya Europe ma bụrụ 3000.&nbsp;m nwere ihe nrite ọla n'azụ Genzebe Dibaba na Meraf. Na 2015, Kuijken gbara 31: 54.32 iji tinye 10th na 2015 World Championships na Athletics - Ụmụ nwanyị 10,000 mita na 15:08.00 iji tinye 8th na 2015 World Championships na Athletics - Ụmụ nwanyị 5000 mita . [[Usòrò:2018_European_Athletics_Championships_Day_4_(17).jpg|thumb|290x290px| Krumins (aka ekpe) ya na 10,000 ya&nbsp;m ọla ọcha n'asọmpị asọmpi European 2018]] 11 Feb 2017 - Schoollọ akwụkwọ 10k okporo ụzọ 31:43 (1st)27 Mar - Venloop HM (mpụta mbụ) 70:51 (nke anọ)21 Mee - Vienna 5k okporo ụzọ 15:40 (2nd) 2 Jun - Nijmegen 5k 15:21 (nke anọ) 24 Jun - iko Euro 3k 9:03 (4th)22 Jul - Heusden 5k 14:53 (1st) 8 Ọgọst - London WC Ikpeazụ 10k 31:20 (5th) 10 Ọgọst - London WC Heat 5k 14:57 (4th)13 Ọgọst - London WC Ikpeazụ 5k 14:58 (8th) 20 Ọgọọst - Birmingham DL 3k 8:34 (nke asaa)27 Ọgọst - Berlin CL 1500m 4:02 (nke atọ) 1 Septemba - Brussels 2017 Diamond League Ikpeazụ 5k 14:51 (9th) Na 2017, Krumins gbara 31:20.24 iji tinye 5th na 2017 World Championships in Athletics – Ụmụ nwanyị 10,000 mita na 14:58.33 iji tinye 8th na 2017 World Championships in Athletics – Ụmụ nwanyị 5000 mita . Na 8 August 2018, ọ meriri nrite ọlaọcha n'azụ Israel Lonah Chemtai Salpeter na 10,000 mita na 2018 European Athletics Championships na Berlin. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.flotrack.org/articles/6238093-salpeter-makes-european-championships-history-for-israel|title=Salpeter Makes European Championships History For Israel|work=flotrack.org}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/israeli-runner-lonah-chemtai-salpeter-wins-gold-at-european-championships/|title=Israeli runner Lonah Chemtai Salpeter wins gold at European Championships|work=The Times of Israel|accessdate=9 August 2018|language=en-US}}</ref> == Ihe kacha mma nkeonwe == [[Usòrò:Susan_Kuijken_-_Flame_Games_2013,_A'dam.jpg|thumb| Krumins na-agba ọsọ na Amsterdam na 2013]] * 800 mita – 2:02.24 nkeji (2009) * 1000 mita – 2:38.01 nkeji (2014) * 1500 mita – 4:02.25 nkeji (2017) * Ọsọ Mile (ime ụlọ) - 4:34.11 nkeji (2009) * Mile ọsọ (ụzọ) - 4:18 min (2013) * 2000 mita – 5:38.37 nkeji (2013) * [[3000 mita]] – 8:34.31 nkeji (2017) * 3000 mita ime ụlọ - 8:56.27 nkeji (2009) * Maịl abụọ - 9:23.52 nkeji (2014) * 5000 mita – 14:51.25 nkeji (2017) * 10,000 mita - 31:05.40 nkeji (2019) * 3000 mita steeplechase - 10:42.93 nkeji (2005) == Aha obodo == * Asọmpi egwuregwu Dutch ** 1500 mita: 2014 == Asọmpi mba ụwa == {| {{AchievementTable|Event=yes}} |- !colspan="6"|Representing the {{NED}} |- |2002 |[[2002 European Cross Country Championships|European Cross Country Championships]] |[[Medulin]], Croatia |34th |Junior race (3.73&nbsp;km) |13:10 |- |rowspan=3|2003 |rowspan=2|[[Athletics at the 2003 European Youth Summer Olympic Festival|European Youth Olympic Festival]] |rowspan=2|[[Valkenswaard]], Netherlands |bgcolor=cc9966|3rd |1500 metres |4:30.70 |- |bgcolor=gold|1st |3000 metres |9:47.07 |- |[[2003 European Cross Country Championships|European Cross Country Championships]] |[[Edinburgh]], United Kingdom |69th |Junior race (4.52&nbsp;km) |18:33 |- |rowspan=3|2004 |[[2004 IAAF World Cross Country Championships|World Cross Country Championships]] |[[Brussels]], Belgium |71st |Junior race (6&nbsp;km) |[[2004 IAAF World Cross Country Championships – Women's junior race|23:16]] |- |[[2004 World Junior Championships in Athletics|World Junior Championships]] |[[Grosseto]], Italy | — |3000 metres |[[2004 World Junior Championships in Athletics – Women's 3000 metres|DNF]] |- |[[2004 European Cross Country Championships|European Cross Country Championships]] |[[Heringsdorf]], Germany |39th |Junior race (3.64&nbsp;km) |12.24 |- |rowspan=3|2005 |[[2005 IAAF World Cross Country Championships|World Cross Country Championships]] |[[Saint-Galmier]], France |58th |Junior race (6.153&nbsp;km) |[[2005 IAAF World Cross Country Championships – Women's junior race|23:21]] |- |[[2005 European Athletics Junior Championships|European Junior Championships]] |[[Kaunas]], Lithuania |bgcolor=silver|2nd |3000 metres |9:28.45 |- |[[2005 European Cross Country Championships|European Cross Country Championships]] |[[Tilburg]], Netherlands |bgcolor=cc9966|3rd |Junior race (4.83&nbsp;km) |[[2005 European Cross Country Championships#Junior women individual 4.83km|15.33]] |- |2006 |[[2006 European Cross Country Championships|European Cross Country Championships]] |[[San Giorgio su Legnano]], Italy |16th |Under-23 race (5.975&nbsp;km) |19:45 |- |rowspan=2|2007 |[[2007 European Athletics U23 Championships|European U23 Championships]] |[[Debrecen]], Hungary |4th |1500 metres |[[2007 European Athletics U23 Championships – Women's 1500 metres|4:17.90]] |- |[[2007 European Cross Country Championships|European Cross Country Championships]] |[[Toro, Zamora|Toro]], Spain | — |Under-23 race (6.7&nbsp;km) |[[2008 European Cross Country Championships#Women U23 individual 6.7km|DNF]] |- |2008 |[[2008 European Cross Country Championships|European Cross Country Championships]] |[[Brussels]], Belgium |bgcolor=gold|1st |Under-23 race (6&nbsp;km) |[[2008 European Cross Country Championships#Women U23 individual 6.0km|21:02]] |- |2009 |[[2009 World Championships in Athletics|World Championships]] |[[Berlin]], Germany |36th (heats) |1500 metres |[[2009 World Championships in Athletics – Women's 1500 metres|4:18.10]] |- |2010 |[[2010 European Athletics Championships|European Championships]] |[[Barcelona]], Spain |19th (h) |1500 metres |[[2010 European Athletics Championships – Women's 1500 metres|4:11.03]] |- |rowspan=2|2013 |[[2013 European Team Championships|European Team Championships 1st League]] |[[Dublin]], Ireland |bgcolor=gold|1st |3000 metres |9:07.04 |- |[[2013 World Championships in Athletics|World Championships]] |[[Moscow]], Russia |8th |5000 metres |[[2013 World Championships in Athletics – Women's 5000 metres|15:14.70]] |- |rowspan=2| 2014 |[[2014 European Athletics Championships|European Championships]] |[[Zürich]], Switzerland |bgcolor=cc9966|3rd |5000 metres |[[2014 European Athletics Championships – Women's 5000 metres|15:32.82]] |- |[[2014 IAAF Continental Cup|IAAF Continental Cup]] |[[Marrakech]], Morocco |bgcolor=cc9966|3rd |3000 metres |[[2014 IAAF Continental Cup results#Women's 3000 metres|9:01.41]] |- |rowspan=2|2015 |rowspan=2|[[2015 World Championships in Athletics|World Championships]] |rowspan=2|[[Beijing]], [[China]] |8th |5000 metres |[[2015 World Championships in Athletics – Women's 5000 metres|15:08.00]] |- |10th |10,000 metres |[[2015 World Championships in Athletics – Women's 10,000 metres|31:54.32]] |- |rowspan=3|2016 |[[2016 European Athletics Championships|European Championships]] |[[Amsterdam, Netherlands]] |4th |5000 metres |[[2016 European Athletics Championships – Women's 5000 metres|15:23.87]] |- |rowspan=2|[[Athletics at the 2016 Summer Olympics|Olympic Games]] |rowspan=2|[[Rio de Janeiro]], [[Brazil]] |8th |5000 metres |[[Athletics at the 2016 Summer Olympics – Women's 5000 metres|15:00.69]] |- |14th |10,000 metres |[[Athletics at the 2016 Summer Olympics – Women's 10,000 metres|31:32.43]] |- |rowspan=2|2017 |rowspan=2|[[2017 World Championships in Athletics|World Championships]] |rowspan=2|[[London, United Kingdom]] |8th |5000 metres |[[2017 World Championships in Athletics – Women's 5000 metres|14:58.33]] |- |5th |10,000 metres |[[2017 World Championships in Athletics – Women's 10,000 metres|31:20.24]] |- |rowspan=2|2018 |rowspan=2|[[2018 European Athletics Championships|European Championships]] |rowspan=2|[[Berlin, Germany]] |6th |5000 m |[[2018 European Athletics Championships – Women's 5000 metres|15:09.65]] |- |bgcolor=silver|2nd |10,000 m |[[2018 European Athletics Championships – Women's 10,000 metres|31:52.55]] |- |2019 |[[2019 World Athletics Championships|World Championships]] |[[Doha, Qatar]] |7th |10,000 m |[[2019 World Athletics Championships – Women's 10,000 metres|31:05.40]] |- |2021 |rowspan=1|[[Athletics at the 2020 Summer Olympics|Olympic Games]] |rowspan=1|[[Tokyo]], [[Japan]] | – |10,000 m |[[Athletics at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Women's 10,000 metres|DNF]] |} == Hụkwa == * Ndepụta nke ndị mmeri asọmpi egwuregwu European (ụmụ nwanyị) * Netherlands na asọmpi egwuregwu nke European == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 32r78w5f2d5woi02tvkzpc3kzy15r1n 0 54674 644587 193341 2026-05-31T09:34:10Z Vivian Amalachukwu 17172 Fixed reference error 644587 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Walije Gondwe''' (amụrụ 1936) bụ onye ode akwụkwọ bụ onye edemede nwanyị [[Malawi]] mbụ ka ebipụtara ọrụ ya. Ọtụtụ akwụkwọ ya bụ akụkọ ifo ndị ntorobịa e bipụtara na 1980 na 1990. Ugbu a ọ na-arụ ọrụ ọrụ ebere, Vinjeru. == Afọ mbụ == O tolitere n'ezinaụlọ Ndị Kraịst na-efe ofufe na Kayiwonanga na Mzimba . Afọ ole na ole ka ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ, ọ malitere ọzụzụ odeakwụkwọ ma nweta ohere ịgụ akwụkwọ iji gụchaa akwụkwọ na [[Obodoézè Nà Ofú|UK]] . N'ihi nsogbu ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na Malawi akwụkwọ mmụta ahụ abaghị uru mana Gondwe nọrọ na UK. <ref name="mwnation">[http://mwnation.com/malawia%C2%A2a%E2%80%9A%C2%ACa%E2%80%9E%C2%A2sa%C2%A2a%E2%80%9A%C2%ACa%E2%80%9E%C2%A2-first-female-writer-walije-gondwe/ "Malawi's first female writer, Walije Gondwe!"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180926055835/https://mwnation.com/malawia%c2%a2a%e2%80%9a%c2%aca%e2%80%9e%c2%a2sa%c2%a2a%e2%80%9a%c2%aca%e2%80%9e%c2%a2-first-female-writer-walije-gondwe/ |date=2018-09-26 }} ''The Nation'', 30 October 2011.</ref> == Na-ede == Gonnwe malitere ide na England. Akwụkwọ ya a na-akpọ ''Will the African Flowers Bloom'', n'ihi na e bipụtara ya na [[London]] na 1970s, gbahapụrụ mgbe otu alaka ụlọ ọrụ Oxford University Press gbabara n'ime ihe isi ike. Akwụkwọ mbụ ya bipụtara, ''Love's Dilemma'', pụtara na 1985 na usoro Pacesetters nke Macmillan . Kemgbe ahụ, a na-akpọ ya onye edemede nwanyị mbụ na Malawi ma ọ bụ "otu n'ime ndị edemede nwanyị mbụ na mba ahụ". Ọ bụ ezie na ndị ode akwụkwọ ndị ọzọ gbasoro nzọụkwụ ya, a ka nwebeghị ọtụtụ ụmụ nwanyị ndị edemede si Malawi. N'afọ 2013, onye isi otu Malawian Writer Union kwuru na e nwere ụkọ ụmụ nwanyị na-ede akwụkwọ nakwa na "naanị ndị inyom na-ede akwụkwọ a maara na mba ahụ bụ Emily Mkamanga, Walije Gondwe na Janet Karim ". Otu n'ime akwụkwọ ya mechara, ''Double Dating'', bụkwa akwụkwọ akụkọ ya kacha ere wee nweta ihe nrite na 1994. == Ọrụ ebere == Na 1999 ọ tọrọ ntọala ọrụ ebere Vinjeru Education mgbe ọ kwụsịrị ide ihe. Ndị ọrụ ebere ahụ na-anakọta akwụkwọ na akwụkwọ nkuzi ndị ọzọ enyere na UK wee kesaa ha na Malawi, ọkachasị n'ime ime obodo. Vinjeru kwuru na Gondwe "na-ekewa oge ya n'etiti Malawi na UK". <ref name="vinjeru" /> Na 2016 Gondwe nwetara onyinye nrite nke ndụ site na Malawi High Commission na UK, nke na-enye Achievers Awards nye ndị Malawi na-aga nke ọma na mba ọzọ . Gondwe nwere nwa nwanyị na nwa nwoke. == Ntụaka == mbụ na mba ahụ". Ọ bụ ezie na ndị ode akwụkwọ ndị ọzọ gbasoro nzọụkwụ ya, a ka nwebeg{{Reflist|30em}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 8tdxlnvmvbdy02cm7f9gd5g5h57mjer 644588 644587 2026-05-31T09:35:34Z Vivian Amalachukwu 17172 Fixed reference error 644588 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Walije Gondwe''' (amụrụ 1936) bụ onye ode akwụkwọ bụ onye edemede nwanyị [[Malawi]] mbụ ka ebipụtara ọrụ ya. Ọtụtụ akwụkwọ ya bụ akụkọ ifo ndị ntorobịa e bipụtara na 1980 na 1990. Ugbu a ọ na-arụ ọrụ ọrụ ebere, Vinjeru. == Afọ mbụ == O tolitere n'ezinaụlọ Ndị Kraịst na-efe ofufe na Kayiwonanga na Mzimba . Afọ ole na ole ka ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ, ọ malitere ọzụzụ odeakwụkwọ ma nweta ohere ịgụ akwụkwọ iji gụchaa akwụkwọ na [[Obodoézè Nà Ofú|UK]] . N'ihi nsogbu ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na Malawi akwụkwọ mmụta ahụ abaghị uru mana Gondwe nọrọ na UK. <ref name="mwnation">[http://mwnation.com/malawia%C2%A2a%E2%80%9A%C2%ACa%E2%80%9E%C2%A2sa%C2%A2a%E2%80%9A%C2%ACa%E2%80%9E%C2%A2-first-female-writer-walije-gondwe/ "Malawi's first female writer, Walije Gondwe!"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180926055835/https://mwnation.com/malawia%c2%a2a%e2%80%9a%c2%aca%e2%80%9e%c2%a2sa%c2%a2a%e2%80%9a%c2%aca%e2%80%9e%c2%a2-first-female-writer-walije-gondwe/ |date=2018-09-26 }} ''The Nation'', 30 October 2011.</ref> == Na-ede == Gonnwe malitere ide na England. Akwụkwọ ya a na-akpọ ''Will the African Flowers Bloom'', n'ihi na e bipụtara ya na [[London]] na 1970s, gbahapụrụ mgbe otu alaka ụlọ ọrụ Oxford University Press gbabara n'ime ihe isi ike. Akwụkwọ mbụ ya bipụtara, ''Love's Dilemma'', pụtara na 1985 na usoro Pacesetters nke Macmillan . Kemgbe ahụ, a na-akpọ ya onye edemede nwanyị mbụ na Malawi ma ọ bụ "otu n'ime ndị edemede nwanyị mbụ na mba ahụ". Ọ bụ ezie na ndị ode akwụkwọ ndị ọzọ gbasoro nzọụkwụ ya, a ka nwebeghị ọtụtụ ụmụ nwanyị ndị edemede si Malawi. N'afọ 2013, onye isi otu Malawian Writer Union kwuru na e nwere ụkọ ụmụ nwanyị na-ede akwụkwọ nakwa na "naanị ndị inyom na-ede akwụkwọ a maara na mba ahụ bụ Emily Mkamanga, Walije Gondwe na Janet Karim ". Otu n'ime akwụkwọ ya mechara, ''Double Dating'', bụkwa akwụkwọ akụkọ ya kacha ere wee nweta ihe nrite na 1994. == Ọrụ ebere == Na 1999 ọ tọrọ ntọala ọrụ ebere Vinjeru Education mgbe ọ kwụsịrị ide ihe. Ndị ọrụ ebere ahụ na-anakọta akwụkwọ na akwụkwọ nkuzi ndị ọzọ enyere na UK wee kesaa ha na Malawi, ọkachasị n'ime ime obodo. Vinjeru kwuru na Gondwe "na-ekewa oge ya n'etiti Malawi na UK". <ref name="vinjeru">{{Cite web |url=http://vinjerueducationmalawi.weebly.com/who-we-are.html |title=Vinjeru Education |access-date=2016-07-27 |archive-date=2018-08-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180817161330/http://vinjerueducationmalawi.weebly.com/who-we-are.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Na 2016 Gondwe nwetara onyinye nrite nke ndụ site na Malawi High Commission na UK, nke na-enye Achievers Awards nye ndị Malawi na-aga nke ọma na mba ọzọ . Gondwe nwere nwa nwanyị na nwa nwoke. == Ntụaka == mbụ na mba ahụ". Ọ bụ ezie na ndị ode akwụkwọ ndị ọzọ gbasoro nzọụkwụ ya, a ka nwebeg{{Reflist|30em}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 2udr04oj88rjz0ggtux60hs2jumsxi2 0 54787 644437 193554 2026-05-31T00:03:12Z Edozie Ojekwe 24584 Fixed Reference error 644437 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Solveig Bergman''' (amụrụ n'afọ 1955) <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://viaf.org/viaf/29839860/|title=Bergman, Solveig|publisher=VIAF|accessdate=3 April 2024|language=}}</ref> bụ onye Finland na-ahụ maka mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya bụ onye a họpụtara dịka onye nduzi nke Nordic Gender Institute (NIKK) na Oslo n'afọ 2003. Onye nchọpụta na Mahadum Åbo Akademi, ọ nwetara nzere doctorate na 2002 na thesis banyere òtù ụmụ nwanyị na Finland na West German. <ref name="pf">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=trhmQgAACAAJ|title=The Politics of Feminism: Autonomous Feminist Movements in Finland and West Germany from the 1960s to the 1980s|publisher=Åbo akademis Förlag|date=2002|accessdate=2 April 2024|isbn=9789517651004|language=}}<cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://books.google.com/books?id=trhmQgAACAAJ ''The Politics of Feminism: Autonomous Feminist Movements in Finland and West Germany from the 1960s to the 1980s'']. Åbo akademis Förlag. 2002. [[ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/9789517651004|<bdi>9789517651004</bdi>]]<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 April</span> 2024</span>.</cite></ref> Ọ na-arụsi ọrụ ike n'òtù ụmụ nwanyị, ọ sonyeere na atụmatụ European Union gụnyere European Platform of Women Scientists (EPWS). <ref name="ki">{{Cite web|url=https://kifinfo-no.translate.goog/nb/2016/05/med-tanke-pa-norden?_x_tr_sl=no&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en&_x_tr_pto=wapp|title=With the Nordics in mind|author=Ericsson Shook, Marte|publisher=Kifindo|accessdate=|language=}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFEricsson_Shook,_Marte">Ericsson Shook, Marte. [https://kifinfo-no.translate.goog/nb/2016/05/med-tanke-pa-norden?_x_tr_sl=no&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en&_x_tr_pto=wapp "With the Nordics in mind"]. Kifindo.</cite></ref><ref name="atria">{{Cite web|url=https://institute-genderequality.org/frames-on-gender/countries/finland/experts-and-selection-3/|title=Experts and selection|publisher=Atria|accessdate=2 April 2024|language=}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://institute-genderequality.org/frames-on-gender/countries/finland/experts-and-selection-3/ "Experts and selection"]. Atria<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 April</span> 2024</span>.</cite></ref> Noe bụ onye nchọpụta na Norwegian Centre for Violence and Traumatic Stress Studies, kemgbe 2023 ọ haziri ọrụ nyocha nke European Economic Area (EEA) na ebe obibi ụmụ nwanyị na-eme ihe ike na Norway na Slovakia.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nkvts.no/english/project/shelters-in-norway-and-slovakia/|title=Shelters in Norway and Slovakia|publisher=Norwegian Centre for Violence and Traumatic Stress Studies|date=25 September 2006|accessdate=2 April 2024|language=}}</ref> == Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ == Amụrụ na Finland na 1955, Solveig Bergman gụrụ sociology na Mahadum Åbo Akademi, na-ebu ụzọ nweta nzere masta.[1] N'afọ 1992, ọ nwetara akara ugo mmụta doctorate na akwụkwọ akụkọ The Politics of Feminism: Autonomous Feminist Movement na Finland na West Germany site na 1960 ruo 1980.<ref name="pf" /> == Ọrụ == Site na 1980s, na mgbakwunye na nkuzi, Bergman mere nyocha Ọmụmụ ụmụ nwanyị na Åbo Akamemi na Finland na mba Nordic. N'afọ 2003, a họpụtara ya dịka onye nduzi nke Nordic Gender Institute (NIKK) na Oslo.<ref name="atria" /> N'afọ 2008, o sonyere na nzukọ mbụ nke European Union's "European Platform of Women Scientists" ebe ọ kwadoro mmekorita n'etiti ahụmịhe Nordic n'okpuru NIKK, yana ụmụ nwanyị Helsinki n'òtù nyocha, na ọrụ nke ngalaba EU's Women and Science rụzuru. <ref name="ki" /> N'oge na-adịbeghị anya, dị ka onye nchọpụta dị elu na == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] enq3eu469xixxjwbvzwoqklo5vzk8ho 0 55231 644251 212987 2026-05-30T19:49:15Z Wikipedian12512(alt) 61413 ce 644251 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}  '''Mangaung African Cultural Festival''' ( '''MACUFE''' ) bụ ihe ngosi kwa afọ nke nka, omenala na usoro egwuregwu dị iche iche nke na-eme na Bloemfontein, [[South Africa]]. Ọ bụ otu n'ime mmemme kachasị ukwuu na-apụta na Africa; ọ tolitere site n'inwe ndị na-ege ntị nke 30 000 na 1997 ruo 140 000 na 2015. <ref name="drum.co.za">{{Cite web|url=https://www.news24.com/Drum/Archive/15-years-of-macufe-festival-20170728|title=15 years of Macufe festival|date=3 October 2012|work=News24.com|accessdate=20 January 2019}}</ref> Ememme a na-agba maka ụbọchị iri malite n'izu mbụ nke Ọktoba kwa afọ na mpaghara Free State nke South Africa. MACUFE nwere mmemme egwu bụ isi, ihe ngosi nka na nka, ihe nkiri ihe nkiri, egwuregwu ịma mma, iko Sparta Macufe nke bụ asọmpi bọọlụ na ama egwuregwu Free State na nka. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.sa-venues.com/events/freestate/macufe-festival/|title=Macufe Festival|author=|date=|work=Sa-venues.com|accessdate=21 August 2017}}</ref> Ọ na-akwadokwa obodo ụlọ ọrụ gọọmentị ebe enwere ụlọ ezumike pụrụ iche, nke ọ bụla nwere ndị ọrụ ahịa nke ya. == Akụkọ ihe mere eme == Ọ bụ ezie na mkpughe nke usoro ihe omume nka mgbe 1994 gasịrị na New South Africa bụ nnukwu mmepe na ụlọ ihe nkiri ọkachamara SA, ọtụtụ ememme emeghị obere ihe iji nyochaa ma mee ememe omenala, ihe nkiri ma ọ bụ mmepụta nke South Africa. Ememe ọ bụla nwere ọnụ ọgụgụ dị nta nke ndị na-ese oji na-ekere òkè na mmepụta ihe, ndị na-ege ntị gụnyere ndị na-eme ihe nkiri ojii ole na ole, ma nsonye nke ndị na-emepụta ihe na-acha ọcha na ndị ọdịda anyanwụ, yana ndị na-ege ntị, karịrị onyinye sitere n'aka ndị isi ojii Africa na akụkọ ihe mere eme. ndị na-ese ihe na ndị na-eme ememme na-adịghị mma. Ewezuga ụfọdụ ikpe pụrụ iche, a na-eji [[Asụsụ Bekee|Bekee]] na [[Afrikaans language|Afrikaans]] eme ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ naanị na ọkwa mmemme. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://esat.sun.ac.za/index.php/Mangaung_African_Cultural_Festival#Origins|title=Mangaung African Cultural Festival - ESAT|author=|date=|work=Esat.sun.ac.za|accessdate=21 August 2017}}</ref> Ndị gọọmentị Free State Provincial gọọmentị malitere mmemme a n'afọ 1997 iji mee mmemme kacha mma na mpaghara na mba Africa n'ọkwa dị iche iche. <ref name="drum.co.za"/> Na nkwupụta nke ememme ahụ na 1997, onye isi njikwa SABC2, Thaninga Msimango, kwupụtara na "e malitere echiche a n'ihi na ọ dịghị ememme omenala nke gosipụtara omenala mara mma nke ụmụ amaala South Africa." The Free State MEC maka egwuregwu, nka na omenala, MW Molefe, gbakwụnyere na "ememme kachasị ewu ewu na nke na-aga nke ọma na South Africa na-elekwasị anya na omenala Eurocentric, na-akwụghị ụgwọ maka omenala ndị Africa." Akpọrọ aha ya "ememme omenala Africa", kama karịa “ememme nka”, ebumnuche doro anya: ime emume ga-amata ma mee emume omenala ọdịnala ụmụ amaala Africa, <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.sleeping-out.co.za/events/macufe-festival-bloemfontein|title=The Macufe Festival 2016|author=|date=|work=Sleeping-OUT|accessdate=21 August 2017}}</ref> na kpọmkwem dị ka nguzozi na nka ndị ọzọ. ememme <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://esat.sun.ac.za/index.php/Mangaung_African_Cultural_Festival#Aims|title=Mangaung African Cultural Festival - ESAT|author=|date=|work=Esat.sun.ac.za|accessdate=21 August 2017}}</ref> chere na ha na-eme obere ihe na nke ahụ. == Ihe omume == [[Faịlụ:Macufe4.jpg|thumb| MACUFE Isi ogbo 2007]] * Miss Glamorous Free State bụ asọmpi ịma mma mpaghara na-eme n'oge MACUFE. E hiwere ibe ya na 2014 n'okpuru Dipalesa Pithov Foundation. Dipalesa Mbola nọchitere anya steeti efu na Miss South Africa 2014. Agụmakwụkwọ a ghere oghe maka ụmụ nwanyị nọ n'agbata afọ 18 na 27 bụ ndị na-achọ ịga n'ihu agụmakwụkwọ agụmakwụkwọ ha. Ebumnuche nke asọmpi ahụ bụ inye ụmụ nwanyị ike ka ha wee nweta agụmakwụkwọ mahadum ha. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.netwerk24.com/ZA/Vista/Nuus/Compete-for-crown-20150930|title=Compete for crown|author=|date=|work=Netwerk24.com|accessdate=21 August 2017}}</ref> * MACUFE Comedy Festival bụ ihe nkiri na-atọ ọchị na-egosi ma ndị ọhụrụ na ndị omempụ kwụ ọtọ nke South Africa. Ihe ngosi a na-ewere ọnọdụ na The Dome, Old Grays na Bloemfontein ma nweela mmasị [[Trevor Noah]], Loyiso Gola na [[Kagiso Lediga]] na-eme ebe ahụ. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.drum.co.za/entertainment/macufe-festival/|title=Macufe Festival|author=|date=|work=Drum.co.za|accessdate=21 August 2017}}</ref> * Ụkwụ Africa bụ egwu egwu kacha ogologo na South Africa; ọ malitere igosi na 1999. Egwuregwu egwu na-enweta ọtụtụ ihe nrite na-ewere ọnọdụ na [[Civic Theatre (Bloemfontein)|Ụlọ ihe nkiri Civic]] . Richard Loring mepụtara, egwu a na-eji nwayọ na-aghọ mmemme kwa afọ na MACUFE. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.gov.za/speeches/macufe-2016-1-sep-2016-0000|title=Free State Arts and Culture hosts Mangaung African Cultural Festival, 30 Sept to 9 Oct - South African Government|author=|date=|work=Gov.za|accessdate=21 August 2017}}</ref> * MACUFE Arts & Craft Market na-ahụ ihe ngosi 80 karịrị ihe ngosi, na-eme ma na-ere nka dị iche iche ha. Ngwaahịa ha gụnyere ngwaahịa waya, ngwaahịa ajị anụ, uwe, akpụkpọ ụkwụ, ngwaahịa akpụkpọ anụ na ọtụtụ ihe mara mma, ahụike na ihe ndozi ụlọ. A na-eme ahịa ahụ n'ime ebe a na-adọba ụgbọala. Enwekwara ogige nri nwere ogige biya, egwu ndụ na ihe ngosi omenala. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.freshlocalmarkets.com/market/215/macufe-craft-market|title=MACUFE Craft Market -, Bloemfontein - Fresh Local Markets|author=|date=|work=Freshlocalmarkets.com|accessdate=21 August 2017|archivedate=8 August 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170808200039/https://www.freshlocalmarkets.com/market/215/macufe-craft-market}}</ref> * MACUFE Gospel Concert na-ewere ọnọdụ na Sunday nke ememme ahụ na The Dome, Old Grays na Bloemfontein. <ref name="iol.co.za">{{Cite web|url=http://www.iol.co.za/entertainment/whats-on/joburg/ten-days-of-magic-at-macufe-1923643|title=Ten days of magic at Macufe - IOL Entertainment|author=|date=|work=Iol.co.za|accessdate=21 August 2017}}</ref> Ọ na-achịkọta ndị na-ese ozi ọma gburugburu South Africa maka otuto na ofufe zuru oke ehihie na abalị. * Isi Egwu Ememme na-eme na King's Park Rose Garden, Bloemfontein. Ọ bụ isi ihe na mmemme ahụ dịka o nwere ma ndị na-ese ihe na mba na mba na-eme egwuregwu. Ọ bụ egwu egwu ikpeazụ nke na-eme n'oge MACUFE ma hụ ndị na-ese ihe na mba dị ka [[Letta Mbulu]], Caiphus Semenya, Zonke Dikana, Lira, na Mafikizolo na-ewere ọnọdụ. <ref name="iol.co.za"/> Ndị na-ese ihe na mba ụwa bụ ndị mere na isi egwu egwu gụnyere Maxwell, Angie Stone, Karyn White, Andy Narell, Randy Crawford, Bebe Winans na Joe Sample . <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.gov.za/mangaung-african-cultural-festival-macufe-2012-%E2%80%93-15th-anniversary-celebration|title=Mangaung African Cultural Festival (MACUFE) 2012 – 15th Anniversary celebration - South African Government|author=|date=|work=Gov.za|accessdate=21 August 2017}}</ref> <ref name="drum.co.za"/> * Sparta MACUFE Cup bụ egwuregwu bọọlụ na-eme n'ọgbọ egwuregwu Free State . Ọ bụ mmemme ikpeazụ ga-eme n'oge MACUFE. Egwuregwu ahụ na-eweta otu abụọ na Premier Soccer League ka ha na-agbarịta ibe ha maka iko Sparta MACUFE. Bloemfontein Celtic FC bụ ndị mmeri na-achị n'etiti 2012 na 2015; Kaizer Chiefs FC meriri ha n'afọ 2016 bụ onye ji iko ugbu a. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.news24.com/SouthAfrica/Local/Express-News/macufe-cup-set-to-enthrall-20160927|title=Macufe Cup set to enthrall|author=|date=|work=News24.com|accessdate=21 August 2017}}</ref> == Ndị nkwado na mgbasa ozi mgbasa ozi == Ngalaba nka na omenala na ngalaba egwuregwu, nka, omenala na ntụrụndụ na steeti Free bụ ụfọdụ n'ime ndị nkwado kacha ukwuu na mmemme ahụ, na-emefu ihe karịrị nde rand 20 kwa afọ. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://fstimes.co.za/?p=2653|title=Macufe gobbles extra R27 million – Free State Times|author=|date=|work=Fstimes.co.za|accessdate=21 August 2017}}</ref> Ndị nkwado ndị ọzọ gụnyere SA Express, Standard Bank, Vodacom na National Lotteries Commission. == Hụkwa == * Ememme Nkà nke Mba * Ngalaba nka na omenala (South Africa) == Njikọ mpụga == * Official website == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} nepe0wjufkdibiejyasgah0fvccr401 0 55284 644446 195206 2026-05-31T02:00:58Z Sylvaline39 15355 Fixed reference error 644446 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faịlụ:Usipa_and_Pao.jpg|thumb| Ndị ikom Yawo a na-anọdụ ala n’ahịa ime ime obodo dị na Mozambique bụ́ ebe a na-ere usipa (azụ a mịrị amị) ka ha na-eri nri pao (achịcha) e mere n’ógbè ha.]] '''Usipa''' (aha sayensị: ''Engraulicypris sardella'' ) bụ "obere azụ dị ka sardine nke na-eme na nnukwu shoals". N'ihi obere nha ya, a na-akpọchakarị ya. A na-eri Usipa na [[Malawi]] na [[Mozambique]] yana [[Ugali|nsima]] [[ugali]] . A na-ere usipa akpọnwụwo n'ọtụtụ ahịa na Malawi. Na Malawi, a na-erikarị usipa na ọkpụkpụ dị na ya n'ihi ịdị nro ha. Usipa na-ekere òkè dị ukwuu na ndụ akụ na ụba maka ọtụtụ ezinụlọ na ọdọ mmiri Malawi na-adabere na ịkụ azụ maka ego. A maghị ọtụtụ ihe gbasara bayoloji ụdị a. == Ntụaka == {{Reflist|refs=}} t3lrxi94wn4m7kz7j43bkt3tbo87cg6 644448 644446 2026-05-31T02:05:42Z Sylvaline39 15355 Improved article 644448 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faịlụ:Usipa_and_Pao.jpg|thumb| Ndị ikom Yawo a na-anọdụ ala n’ahịa ime ime obodo dị na Mozambique bụ́ ebe a na-ere usipa (azụ a mịrị amị) ka ha na-eri nri pao (achịcha) e mere n’ógbè ha.]] '''Usipa''' (aha sayensị: ''Engraulicypris sardella'' ) bụ "obere azụ dị ka sardine nke na-eme na nnukwu shoals". N'ihi obere nha ya, a na-akpọchakarị ya. A na-eri Usipa na [[Malawi]] na [[Mozambique]] yana [[Ugali|nsima]] [[ugali]] . A na-ere usipa akpọnwụwo n'ọtụtụ ahịa na Malawi. Na Malawi, a na-erikarị usipa na ọkpụkpụ dị na ya n'ihi ịdị nro ha. Usipa na-ekere òkè dị ukwuu na ndụ akụ na ụba maka ọtụtụ ezinụlọ na ọdọ mmiri Malawi na-adabere na ịkụ azụ maka ego. A maghị ọtụtụ ihe gbasara bayoloji ụdị a. == Edensibia == {{Reflist|refs=}} gax8002g1kq6uulztmvlosg3kibe9xm 644609 644448 2026-05-31T11:26:05Z Sylvaline39 15355 fixed reference error 644609 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faịlụ:Usipa_and_Pao.jpg|thumb| Ndị ikom Yawo a na-anọdụ ala n’ahịa ime ime obodo dị na Mozambique bụ́ ebe a na-ere usipa (azụ a mịrị amị) ka ha na-eri nri pao (achịcha) e mere n’ógbè ha.]] '''Usipa''' (aha sayensị: ''Engraulicypris sardella'' ) bụ "obere azụ dị ka sardine nke na-eme na nnukwu shoals". N'ihi obere nha ya, a na-akpọchakarị ya. A na-eri Usipa na [[Malawi]] na [[Mozambique]] yana [[Ugali|nsima]] [[ugali]] . A na-ere usipa akpọnwụwo n'ọtụtụ ahịa na Malawi. Na Malawi, a na-erikarị usipa na ọkpụkpụ dị na ya n'ihi ịdị nro ha. Usipa na-ekere òkè dị ukwuu na ndụ akụ na ụba maka ọtụtụ ezinụlọ na ọdọ mmiri Malawi na-adabere na ịkụ azụ maka ego. A maghị ọtụtụ ihe gbasara bayoloji ụdị a. == Edensibia == {{Reflist|refs=}} <ref name="Briggs">{{cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9xoXypH2Sp0C&pg=PA45 | title=Malawi | publisher=Bradt Travel Guides | author=Briggs, Phillip | year=2013 | pages=45 | isbn=978-1841624747}}</ref> <!-- <ref name="WorldFish">{{cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tvKM7r5TyYcC&pg=PA145 | title=The Context of Small-scale Integrated Agriculture-aquaculture Systems in Africa: A Case Study of Malaŵi | publisher=WorldFish | year=1991 | pages=145 | isbn=9711022656}}</ref> --> <ref name="Russell">{{cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ji4zxThOFfkC&pg=PA2026 | title=Country Case Study: Development and Status of Freshwater Aquaculture in Malawi | publisher=WorldFish | author=Russell, Aaron J. M. (contributor) | year=2008 | pages=2026 | isbn=978-9832346647}}</ref> [[Category:Malawian_cuisine]] [[Category:Mozambican cuisine]] [[Category:Yao (East Africa)]] [[Category:Fish common names]] [[Category:Engraulicypris]] 3facksdnols2n0hdwrl9xmunmbh5zb7 644610 644609 2026-05-31T11:26:45Z Sylvaline39 15355 644610 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faịlụ:Usipa_and_Pao.jpg|thumb| Ndị ikom Yawo a na-anọdụ ala n’ahịa ime ime obodo dị na Mozambique bụ́ ebe a na-ere usipa (azụ a mịrị amị) ka ha na-eri nri pao (achịcha) e mere n’ógbè ha.]] '''Usipa''' (aha sayensị: ''Engraulicypris sardella'' ) bụ "obere azụ dị ka sardine nke na-eme na nnukwu shoals". N'ihi obere nha ya, a na-akpọchakarị ya. A na-eri Usipa na [[Malawi]] na [[Mozambique]] yana [[Ugali|nsima]] [[ugali]] . A na-ere usipa akpọnwụwo n'ọtụtụ ahịa na Malawi. Na Malawi, a na-erikarị usipa na ọkpụkpụ dị na ya n'ihi ịdị nro ha. Usipa na-ekere òkè dị ukwuu na ndụ akụ na ụba maka ọtụtụ ezinụlọ na ọdọ mmiri Malawi na-adabere na ịkụ azụ maka ego. A maghị ọtụtụ ihe gbasara bayoloji ụdị a. == Edensibia == {{Reflist|refs=}} <ref name="Briggs">{{cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9xoXypH2Sp0C&pg=PA45 | title=Malawi | publisher=Bradt Travel Guides | author=Briggs, Phillip | year=2013 | pages=45 | isbn=978-1841624747}}</ref> <!-- <ref name="WorldFish">{{cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tvKM7r5TyYcC&pg=PA145 | title=The Context of Small-scale Integrated Agriculture-aquaculture Systems in Africa: A Case Study of Malaŵi | publisher=WorldFish | year=1991 | pages=145 | isbn=9711022656}}</ref> --> <ref name="Russell">{{cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ji4zxThOFfkC&pg=PA2026 | title=Country Case Study: Development and Status of Freshwater Aquaculture in Malawi | publisher=WorldFish | author=Russell, Aaron J. M. (contributor) | year=2008 | pages=2026 | isbn=978-9832346647}}</ref> 74civcxc5l28owmjry2fus5kul6cuum 0 55563 644260 196819 2026-05-30T19:52:51Z Sylvaline39 15355 fixed reference error 644260 wikitext text/x-wiki Val Kalende bụ onye ndọrọndọrọ LGBTI si Uganda. Mgbe ọ pụtachara dị ka nwanyị nwanyị nwere mmasị nwanyị na 2003, ọ tinyere aka na mmemme LGBT Uganda. N'afọ 2018, o kwuru na ya abụghịzi nwanyị nwanyị nwere mmasị nwanyị, ebe ịhụnanya Chineke gbanwere.".<ref name="advocate">{{Cite web|url=https://www.advocate.com/world/2018/8/07/accomplished-ugandan-lgbtq-activist-renounces-lesbianism-0|title=Accomplished Ugandan LGBTQ Activist Renounces Lesbianism|author=Ariel Sobel|date=7 August 2018|work=Advocate|language=en}}</ref><ref name="cbn">{{Cite web|url=https://www1.cbn.com/cbnnews/cwn/2018/august/i-am-forgiven-and-forever-set-free-global-lgbt-activist-abandons-lifestyle-surrenders-to-jesus|title='I Am Forgiven and Forever Set Free': Global LGBT Activist Abandons Lifestyle, Surrenders to Jesus|author=Emily Jones|date=21 August 2018|work=CBN|language=en|accessdate=11 July 2022}}</ref> == Akụkọ ndụ == Na 2003, Kalende pụtara dị ka nwanyị nwanyị nwere mmasị nwanyị, nke mere ka ezinụlọ ya Ndị Kraịst kewaa njikọ ya na ya.[1] Dị ka nwa akwụkwọ na Mahadum Makerere dị na Kampala, ọ kwadoro òtù mbụ na-akwado ndị nwanyị nwere mmasị nwanyị na mba ahụ, Freedom & Roam Uganda.[2] Izu ole na ole ka ewepụtara akwụkwọ iwu Anti-Homosexuality Act, 2014, nke mere nwoke idina nwoke ntaramahụhụ site n'ụlọ mkpọrọ ndụ, Kalende kwetara ka a gbaa ya ajụjụ ọnụ banyere mmekọahụ ya na akụkọ mkpuchi maka akwụkwọ akụkọ mba bụ Daily Monitor.[3] Na 2012, mgbe ọ rụsịrị ọrụ ruo afọ 10 na Uganda, na post blọọgụ Huffington Post, o kpughere ka “ịpụta” dị ka nwanyị nwanyị nwere mmasị na ya mere ka ọ bụrụ onye a na-akparị okwu ọnụ, nkewa, gbahapụrụ dị ka onye ntorobịa na enweghị ebe obibi na nro. afọ.<ref name="huffpost">{{Cite web|url=https://www.huffpost.com/entry/gay-ugandans-loud-and-proud_b_1785222|title=Gay Ugandans: Loud and Proud|author=Val Kalende|date=Aug 15, 2012|work=[[HuffPost]]|language=en|accessdate=11 July 2022}}</ref> Otu onye na International Gay na Lesbian Human Rights Commission, ọ nyochara ụzọ nhazi na atụmatụ nke otu LGBT nke Africa ọ bụla na-etinye n'ọrụ, yana otu NGO mba ụwa nwere ike isi kwado ọrụ ha.[1] Ọ gara n'ihu kwupụta onwe ya maka akụkọ ziri ezi nke ga-eweta mgbanwe achọrọ, ọ bụghị naanị akụkọ mmekpa ahụ, kamakwa ịmalite ilekwasị anya na akụkọ dị mma nke nkwenye[2] (dị ka ọrụ siri ike nke Victor Mukasa, onye guzobere Mmekọahụ Minorities Uganda (SMUG), n'ụlọ ọrụ ndị nnọchi anya US), nkwupụta a nabatabeghị nke ọma ọbụlagodi n'etiti ndị ọrụ ibe ya. N'ịtụle na n'agbanyeghị nlebara anya mba ụwa na ime ka ndị isi zaa ajụjụ, nke ahụ na-emegide obodo megide ndị obodo ya. O nwekwara olile anya ime ka mmekorita dị n'etiti ndị na-eme ihe ike na ndị obodo na-ahụ maka ọtụtụ ihe ndị ruuru mmadụ.<ref name="theguardian3">{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/global-development-professionals-network/2014/feb/25/uganda-antigay-bill-president-yoweri-museveni|title=Uganda: how campaigners are preparing to counter the anti-gay bill|author=Anna Leach|date=25 February 2014|work=The Guardian|language=en|accessdate=11 July 2022}}</ref> N'ọnwa Ọgọstụ 2018, na ụlọ ọrụ ndị Kraịst nke Salt TV, Val Kalende wepụtara nkwupụta ọha na eze na ọ bụghịzi nwanyị na-edina nwoke.<ref name="advocate"/><blockquote>Ezigbo òtù LGBT: Achọpụtara m Life, Truth na Grace. Ekpere m bụ ka ị chọta ndụ dị mma dịka m nwere. Ha niile aghọwo ihe kpatara ịrịọchitere m arịrịọ. Amaara m, site na ụfọdụ ozi m natara ruo ugbu a, na Mmụọ Nsọ amalitela ịgwa obi gị okwu. Ọ bụ onye na-ekpughe eziokwu niile... Nye ndị ụkọchukwu m na-ekwenyeghị, ọ na-ewute m. Nye ndị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị m lụrụ ọgụ n'ike n'agha okwu, ọ na-ewute m. Nye ọgbọ ochie na nke na-eto eto nke mba a, ọ na-ewute m. Nye onye nkuzi m na onye mepụtara m, ọ na-ewute m. Ọ na-ewute m onwe m. Mụ na mkpụrụ obi m nọ n'udo n'ihi na a gbaghara m ma tọhapụ m ruo mgbe ebighị ebi. Abụ Ọma 51:17.<ref name="biblegateway">{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Psalm+51%3A17&version=NIV|title=Psalm 51:17|work=Bible Gateway|language=en|accessdate=11 July 2022}}</ref> - Val Kalende, <ref name="cbn">{{Cite web|url=https://www1.cbn.com/cbnnews/cwn/2018/august/i-am-forgiven-and-forever-set-free-global-lgbt-activist-abandons-lifestyle-surrenders-to-jesus|title='I Am Forgiven and Forever Set Free': Global LGBT Activist Abandons Lifestyle, Surrenders to Jesus|author=Emily Jones|date=21 August 2018|work=CBN|language=en|accessdate=11 July 2022}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFEmily_Jones2018">Emily Jones (21 August 2018). [https://www1.cbn.com/cbnnews/cwn/2018/august/i-am-forgiven-and-forever-set-free-global-lgbt-activist-abandons-lifestyle-surrenders-to-jesus "'I Am Forgiven and Forever Set Free': Global LGBT Activist Abandons Lifestyle, Surrenders to Jesus"]. ''CBN''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 July</span> 2022</span>.</cite></ref></blockquote> == Ihe odide == [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] oj1kvm8jmugumaglqch3hrpjhp6tsq5 644263 644260 2026-05-30T20:00:20Z Sylvaline39 15355 fixed reference error 644263 wikitext text/x-wiki Val Kalende bụ onye ndọrọndọrọ LGBTI si Uganda. Mgbe ọ pụtachara dị ka nwanyị nwanyị nwere mmasị nwanyị na 2003, ọ tinyere aka na mmemme LGBT Uganda. N'afọ 2018, o kwuru na ya abụghịzi nwanyị nwanyị nwere mmasị nwanyị, ebe ịhụnanya Chineke gbanwere.".<ref name="advocate">{{Cite web|url=https://www.advocate.com/world/2018/8/07/accomplished-ugandan-lgbtq-activist-renounces-lesbianism-0|title=Accomplished Ugandan LGBTQ Activist Renounces Lesbianism|author=Ariel Sobel|date=7 August 2018|work=Advocate|language=en}}</ref><ref name="cbn">{{Cite web|url=https://www1.cbn.com/cbnnews/cwn/2018/august/i-am-forgiven-and-forever-set-free-global-lgbt-activist-abandons-lifestyle-surrenders-to-jesus|title='I Am Forgiven and Forever Set Free': Global LGBT Activist Abandons Lifestyle, Surrenders to Jesus|author=Emily Jones|date=21 August 2018|work=CBN|language=en|accessdate=11 July 2022}}</ref> == Akụkọ ndụ == Na 2003, Kalende pụtara dị ka nwanyị nwanyị nwere mmasị nwanyị, nke mere ka ezinụlọ ya Ndị Kraịst kewaa njikọ ya na ya.[1] Dị ka nwa akwụkwọ na Mahadum Makerere dị na Kampala, ọ kwadoro òtù mbụ na-akwado ndị nwanyị nwere mmasị nwanyị na mba ahụ, Freedom & Roam Uganda.[2] Izu ole na ole ka ewepụtara akwụkwọ iwu Anti-Homosexuality Act, 2014, nke mere nwoke idina nwoke ntaramahụhụ site n'ụlọ mkpọrọ ndụ, Kalende kwetara ka a gbaa ya ajụjụ ọnụ banyere mmekọahụ ya na akụkọ mkpuchi maka akwụkwọ akụkọ mba bụ Daily Monitor.[3] Na 2012, mgbe ọ rụsịrị ọrụ ruo afọ 10 na Uganda, na post blọọgụ Huffington Post, o kpughere ka “ịpụta” dị ka nwanyị nwanyị nwere mmasị na ya mere ka ọ bụrụ onye a na-akparị okwu ọnụ, nkewa, gbahapụrụ dị ka onye ntorobịa na enweghị ebe obibi na nro. afọ.<ref name="huffpost">{{Cite web|url=https://www.huffpost.com/entry/gay-ugandans-loud-and-proud_b_1785222|title=Gay Ugandans: Loud and Proud|author=Val Kalende|date=Aug 15, 2012|work=[[HuffPost]]|language=en|accessdate=11 July 2022}}</ref> Otu onye na International Gay na Lesbian Human Rights Commission, ọ nyochara ụzọ nhazi na atụmatụ nke otu LGBT nke Africa ọ bụla na-etinye n'ọrụ, yana otu NGO mba ụwa nwere ike isi kwado ọrụ ha.[1] Ọ gara n'ihu kwupụta onwe ya maka akụkọ ziri ezi nke ga-eweta mgbanwe achọrọ, ọ bụghị naanị akụkọ mmekpa ahụ, kamakwa ịmalite ilekwasị anya na akụkọ dị mma nke nkwenye[2] (dị ka ọrụ siri ike nke Victor Mukasa, onye guzobere Mmekọahụ Minorities Uganda (SMUG), n'ụlọ ọrụ ndị nnọchi anya US), nkwupụta a nabatabeghị nke ọma ọbụlagodi n'etiti ndị ọrụ ibe ya. N'ịtụle na n'agbanyeghị nlebara anya mba ụwa na ime ka ndị isi zaa ajụjụ, nke ahụ na-emegide obodo megide ndị obodo ya. O nwekwara olile anya ime ka mmekorita dị n'etiti ndị na-eme ihe ike na ndị obodo na-ahụ maka ọtụtụ ihe ndị ruuru mmadụ.<ref name="theguardian3">{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/global-development-professionals-network/2014/feb/25/uganda-antigay-bill-president-yoweri-museveni|title=Uganda: how campaigners are preparing to counter the anti-gay bill|author=Anna Leach|date=25 February 2014|work=The Guardian|language=en|accessdate=11 July 2022}}</ref> N'ọnwa Ọgọstụ 2018, na ụlọ ọrụ ndị Kraịst nke Salt TV, Val Kalende wepụtara nkwupụta ọha na eze na ọ bụghịzi nwanyị na-edina nwoke.<ref name="advocate"/><blockquote>Ezigbo òtù LGBT: Achọpụtara m Life, Truth na Grace. Ekpere m bụ ka ị chọta ndụ dị mma dịka m nwere. Ha niile aghọwo ihe kpatara ịrịọchitere m arịrịọ. Amaara m, site na ụfọdụ ozi m natara ruo ugbu a, na Mmụọ Nsọ amalitela ịgwa obi gị okwu. Ọ bụ onye na-ekpughe eziokwu niile... Nye ndị ụkọchukwu m na-ekwenyeghị, ọ na-ewute m. Nye ndị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị m lụrụ ọgụ n'ike n'agha okwu, ọ na-ewute m. Nye ọgbọ ochie na nke na-eto eto nke mba a, ọ na-ewute m. Nye onye nkuzi m na onye mepụtara m, ọ na-ewute m. Ọ na-ewute m onwe m. Mụ na mkpụrụ obi m nọ n'udo n'ihi na a gbaghara m ma tọhapụ m ruo mgbe ebighị ebi. Abụ Ọma 51:17.<ref name="biblegateway">{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Psalm+51%3A17&version=NIV|title=Psalm 51:17|work=Bible Gateway|language=en|accessdate=11 July 2022}}</ref> - Val Kalende, <ref name="cbn"/></blockquote> == Ihe odide == [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] lkcvj28scbmlgr4umq0z9unzh3s86iw 0 55614 644163 197086 2026-05-30T17:54:40Z Chigozirim2005 19722 Fixed reference error 644163 wikitext text/x-wiki Sheena Duncan (7 Disemba 1932 - 4 Mee 2010) bụ onye na-akwado mgbochi ịkpa ókè agbụrụ na onye ndụmọdụ South Africa. Duncan bụ ada Jean Sinclair, otu n'ime ndị na-arụkọ ọrụ nke Black Sash, otu ndị ọcha, ndị inyom South Africa dị n'etiti ndị nyere nkwado maka ndị isi ojii South Africa ma kwadoro ka a kwụsị ime ihe ike nke usoro Apartheid. Duncan jere ozi ugboro abụọ dịka onye ndu Black Sash . <ref name="nytimes">{{Cite news|first=Celia W.|author=Dugger|title=Sheena Duncan, White Who Fought Apartheid, Dies at 77|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2010/05/08/world/africa/08duncan.html|work=[[New York Times]]|date=2010-05-07|accessdate=2010-05-31}}</ref> == Ihe ndị mere n'oge gara aga == A mụrụ Sheena na Johannesburg, South Africa na 1932 nke nne na nna Robert na Jean Sinclair. Nna ya bụ onye ndekọ ego, a mụrụ na Scotland wee bịa South Africa mgbe Agha Ụwa Mbụ gasịrị, echiche ya banyere mmegbu nke mkpochapụ ala na Highlands nke Scotland metụtakwara ya.[1][2]: 76  Nne ya Jean tinyere aka na ya. ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị obodo na United Party, Progressive Party na dịka onye ndụmọdụ obodo.[3]: 314  Ọ bụ ọkpara n'ime ụmụaka ise, otu nwanne na ụmụnne atọ, wee gaa ụlọ akwụkwọ Roedean na Johannesburg ebe onye isi, echiche okpukpe na nnwere onwe nke Ella la Maitre ga-emetụta ndụ Duncan.[2]: 76 [3]: 313  N'oge ntorobịa ya, ọ nọrọ oge ụfọdụ na Southern Rhodesia tupu ọ gawa Scotland ebe ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ na Edinburgh College of Domestic Science. , tozuru oke na 1953.[3]: 313 [4] Mgbe ọ laghachiri South Africa ọ lụrụ onye na-ese ụkpụrụ ụlọ Neil Duncan na 1955 wee biri na Southern Rhodesia ebe ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye nkuzi sayensị ụlọ.[1] [4] Ha nọrọ ebe ahụ afọ asatọ tupu ha alaghachi South Africa na 1963 wee sonye na Black Sash ma bụrụ onye isi oche nke mpaghara Transvaal. Black Sash malite na 1975 ruo 1978 wee jee ozi dịka osote onye isi ala tupu a họpụta ya ọzọ na 1982 ruo 1986.[4] Ọ ga-etinye oge ya na nzukọ ahụ na-edezi akwụkwọ akụkọ Black Sash na ijikwa alaka ụlọ ọrụ ndụmọdụ Sash na Johannesburg.[4] Ọ bụkwa onye nhazi mba Sash nke ụlọ ọrụ ndụmọdụ na onye otu onye isi obodo Sash na onye guzobere Black Sash Trust. . <ref name="Charles" /> 77 <ref name="Guardian" /> Na mgbakwunye na ọrụ Black Sash ya, ọrụ ya dị ka onye na-eme mkpọsa maka ihe ndị ruuru mmadụ gụnyere ya dị ka otu National Coordinating Committee for the Return of Exiles, Independent Board of Inquiry into Informal Repression, a Patron of the Society for the Abolition of the Death Penalty ma rụọ ọrụ na End Conscription Campaign.<ref name="Charles" />{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CZV3YSHAJREC&dq=sheena+duncan&pg=PA75|title=The Spirit of Freedom: South African Leaders on Religion and Politics|publisher=University of California Press|author=Villa-Vicencio, Charles|year=1996|isbn=9780520916265}}<cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFVilla-Vicencio,_Charles1996">Villa-Vicencio, Charles (1996). [https://books.google.com/books?id=CZV3YSHAJREC&dq=sheena+duncan&pg=PA75 ''The Spirit of Freedom: South African Leaders on Religion and Politics'']. University of California Press. [[ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/9780520916265|<bdi>9780520916265</bdi>]].</cite></ref>: 77  Ọrụ okpukpe ya gụnyere okwu gbasara ikpe ziri ezi na udo n'ime ụka Anglican na omume na-abụghị ime ihe ike ma bụrụ otu n'ime ụmụ nwanyị abụọ, tupu a họpụta ụmụ nwanyị dị ka ndị ụkọchukwu na South Africa, dị ka Canon nke Cathedral Church of St Mary the Virgin na Johannesburg.<ref name="Charles">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CZV3YSHAJREC&dq=sheena+duncan&pg=PA75|title=The Spirit of Freedom: South African Leaders on Religion and Politics|publisher=University of California Press|author=Villa-Vicencio, Charles|year=1996|isbn=9780520916265}}<cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFVilla-Vicencio,_Charles1996">Villa-Vicencio, Charles (1996). [https://books.google.com/books?id=CZV3YSHAJREC&dq=sheena+duncan&pg=PA75 ''The Spirit of Freedom: South African Leaders on Religion and Politics'']. University of California Press. [[ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/9780520916265|<bdi>9780520916265</bdi>]].</cite></ref>: 77 Ọ ga-abụ osote onye isi oche nke South African Council of Churches na 1987 ruo 1990 wee bụrụ osote onyeisiala nke otu otu otu ahụ site na 1990 ruo 1993.<ref name="Charles" /> : 77 : 77  == Ọrụ ndị e bipụtara == Duncan dere ọtụtụ isiokwu, akwụkwọ nta na akwụkwọ nta, ọkachasị n'okwu ndị dị ka iwepụ ndị mmadụ n'ike na iwu. N'afọ ndị 1970, ọ sonyeere Anglican Church's Challenge Group, otu na-achọ ịkwụsị ịkpa ókè agbụrụ n'ime ụka. Ọ nọchitekwara anya Chọọchị Anglican na South African Council of Churches' (SACC) Justice and Reconciliation Division. * {{Cite book|author=Duncan|first=Sheena|title=The Church's Role in Preparing for Free and Fair Elections|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nK-JAAAAMAAJ|date=1992|publisher=Diaconia|isbn=9780620180399}} * {{Cite book|author=Duncan|first=Sheena|title=The disruption of African family life|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZSAjAQAAMAAJ|year=1968|publisher=South African Institute of Race Relations}} * {{Cite book|author=Duncan|first=Sheena|title=The People, These Persons, Or Me|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wGxTAAAACAAJ|year=1993|publisher=Centre for Applied Legal Studies, University of the Witwatersrand|isbn=978-1-86838-056-5}} * {{Cite book|author=Duncan|first=Sheena|title=Land and Affordable Safe Homes for All|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SrGFoAEACAAJ|year=1991|publisher=Black Sash}} * {{Cite book|author=Standing|first=Guy|title=A Basic Income Grant for South Africa|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=V196Bq0RhFsC&pg=PR11|year=2003|publisher=Juta and Company Ltd|isbn=978-1-919713-86-1}} == Onyinye == N'ihi ọrụ ya, Duncan bụ onye natara onyinye Liberal International Prize For Freedom na 1986. <ref name="liberal">{{Cite web|url=http://www.liberal-international.org/editorialIndex.asp?ia_id=531|title=Liberal International|accessdate=15 May 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150404074053/http://www.liberal-international.org/editorialIndex.asp?ia_id=531|archivedate=4 April 2015}}</ref> E nyekwara ya Order of Simon of Cyrene, site na Anglican Church of Southern Africa ma mee ya nnukwu onye ndụmọdụ nke Order of the Baobab (na ọlaọcha). Ọ natara nzere doctorate na Mahadum Cape Town (1991), Mahadum Witwatersrand (1990) na Mahadim KwaZulu-Natal . <ref name="Charles">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CZV3YSHAJREC&dq=sheena+duncan&pg=PA75|title=The Spirit of Freedom: South African Leaders on Religion and Politics|publisher=University of California Press|author=Villa-Vicencio, Charles|year=1996|isbn=9780520916265}}<cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFVilla-Vicencio,_Charles1996">Villa-Vicencio, Charles (1996). [https://books.google.com/books?id=CZV3YSHAJREC&dq=sheena+duncan&pg=PA75 ''The Spirit of Freedom: South African Leaders on Religion and Politics'']. University of California Press. [[ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/9780520916265|<bdi>9780520916265</bdi>]].</cite></ref>: 77 <ref name="Guardian">{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2010/may/17/sheena-duncan-obituary|title=Sheena Duncan obituary|work=The Guardian|date=18 May 2010|accessdate=17 May 2015|author=Herbstein, Denis}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFHerbstein,_Denis2010">Herbstein, Denis (18 May 2010). [https://www.theguardian.com/world/2010/may/17/sheena-duncan-obituary "Sheena Duncan obituary"]. ''The Guardian''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 May</span> 2015</span>.</cite></ref> * Usoro nke Baobab na ọlaọcha<ref name="Baobab">{{Cite web|url=http://www.thepresidency.gov.za/pebble.asp?relid=7576|title=The Order of the Baobab in Bronze|accessdate=2013-09-28|publisher=The Presidency, Republic of South Africa|year=2009|author=Anon|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140814015810/http://www.thepresidency.gov.za/pebble.asp?relid=7576|archivedate=2014-08-14}}</ref> * Usoro nke Simon nke Cyrene : 77<ref name="Charles">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CZV3YSHAJREC&dq=sheena+duncan&pg=PA75|title=The Spirit of Freedom: South African Leaders on Religion and Politics|publisher=University of California Press|author=Villa-Vicencio, Charles|year=1996|isbn=9780520916265}}<cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFVilla-Vicencio,_Charles1996">Villa-Vicencio, Charles (1996). [https://books.google.com/books?id=CZV3YSHAJREC&dq=sheena+duncan&pg=PA75 ''The Spirit of Freedom: South African Leaders on Religion and Politics'']. University of California Press. [[ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/9780520916265|<bdi>9780520916265</bdi>]].</cite></ref>: 77  == Ọnwụ == == Ihe odide == 2wyaphwn4x62uy5y8fmlna828b60k50 0 55654 644040 197454 2026-05-30T14:12:11Z Iwuala chisom 17246 Fixed reference errors 644040 wikitext text/x-wiki Suad Ibrahim Ahmed (Mee 30, 1935 – Disemba 29, 2013) [1] bụ onye ndu na onye otu kọmitii etiti nke Sudan Communist Party. Ọ bụ onye na-akwado ihe gbasara ụmụ nwanyị. Ọ bụ onye ndu n'ọgụ megide nchụpụ ndị Nubian na mpaghara Wadi Halfa kpatara n'ihi nrụnye mmiri mmiri Aswan. == Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ == A mụrụ Ahmed na May 30, 1935, na Omdurman nye Ibrahim Ahmed, onye gụrụ akwụkwọ na onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na-emesapụ aka nke jere ozi dị ka Minista ego Sudan na gọọmentị Abdallah Khalil na-edu. A gụrụ akwụkwọ ya na ndị Katọlik nakwa n'ụlọ akwụkwọ ọha. Ọ banyere na Mahadum Khartoum na 1955 dị ka onye na-agụsị akwụkwọ na mahadum ma gụchaa na 1960. N'oge a, ọ na-etinye aka na ihe nkiri ihe nkiri, hiwere Society of Music and Drama yana ịrụ ọrụ n'ọtụtụ egwuregwu. Ọ malitekwara itinye aka na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị wee sonye na Democratic Front nke ndị Kọmunist na-edu. Ọ ghọrọ nwanyị mbụ nwere ọkwa onye isi na Mahadum Ndị Mmụta Mahadum na 1957. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye osote onye isi oche na ọ bụ ya kpatara imegharịgharị ụkpụrụ iwu nke Union. <ref name="ST30"/><ref name="ST31"/><ref name="DAB"/> == Mgbalị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị == Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ, Ahmed kwagara Wadi Halfa, na-arụ ọrụ na ngalaba Statistics nke gọọmentị. N'oge a, ọrụ owuwu malitere na Aswan Dam na Osimiri Naịl, nke ga-eme ka Wadi Halfa mikpuo, na-amanye ndị Nubian bi n'ógbè ahụ ịkwaga. Nke a kpatara ọgba aghara n'ógbè ahụ, nke Ahmed sonyeere. A chụpụrụ ya n'ọrụ gọọmentị ya n'ihi ya. Nkwado ndụ ya niile maka ikike nke ndị Nubian n'ihu nchụpụ n'ihi iwu ihe mgbochi mmiri mere ka a kpọọ ya 'Nne nke ndị Nubians' <ref name="ST31">{{Cite news|title=Suad Ibrahim Ahmed: "I am fighting"|url=http://www.sudantribune.com/spip.php?article49390|work=Sudan Tribune|author=Magdi El Gizouli|date=December 31, 2013|accessdate=November 5, 2017}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFMagdi_El_Gizouli2013">Magdi El Gizouli (December 31, 2013). [http://www.sudantribune.com/spip.php?article49390 "Suad Ibrahim Ahmed: "I am fighting""]. ''Sudan Tribune''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 5,</span> 2017</span>.</cite></ref> <ref name="ST30">{{Cite news|title=Veteran Sudanese communist Suad Ibrahim Ahmed dies aged 78|url=http://www.sudantribune.com/spip.php?article49375|work=Sudan Tribune|date=December 30, 2013|accessdate=November 5, 2017}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[http://www.sudantribune.com/spip.php?article49375 "Veteran Sudanese communist Suad Ibrahim Ahmed dies aged 78"]. ''Sudan Tribune''. December 30, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 5,</span> 2017</span>.</cite></ref><ref name="DAB">{{Cite book|title=Dictionary of African Biography|pages=131–132|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=39JMAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA134|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2012|isbn=978-0-19-538207-5}}<cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://books.google.com/books?id=39JMAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA134 ''Dictionary of African Biography'']. Oxford University Press. 2012. pp.&nbsp;131–132. [[ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-0-19-538207-5|<bdi>978-0-19-538207-5</bdi>]].</cite></ref> Ahmed sonyeere ndị ọrụ ''Sawt el-Mara'' (The Women's Voice), akwụkwọ akụkọ nke Sudan Women's Union (SWU) bipụtara. Onye dezigharịrị akwụkwọ akụkọ ahụ bụ [[Fatima Ahmed Ibrahim]]. Ọ bụ ezie na ọ na-akwanyere onye okenye na onye na-agbaso omenala bụ Ibrahim ùgwù, Ahmed ekwenyeghị n'ụzọ doro anya na ọrụ ụmụ nwanyị, okpukpe na omume ọma na atụmatụ pati. Ọ bụ ezie na Ibrahim kwenyere na enwere ike iji Islam mee ihe dị ka ike na-aga n'ihu megide ndị na-agbaso omenala okpukpe, Ahmed chọrọ ime ka ọgụ ụmụ nwanyị bụrụ nke ụwa. Ahmed chere na ịnọ n'ime usoro ndị Alakụba ga-amanye ndị na-aga n'ihu ịlụ ọgụ n'ọhịa ndị iro ha.<ref name="ST31">{{Cite news|title=Suad Ibrahim Ahmed: "I am fighting"|url=http://www.sudantribune.com/spip.php?article49390|work=Sudan Tribune|author=Magdi El Gizouli|date=December 31, 2013|accessdate=November 5, 2017}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFMagdi_El_Gizouli2013">Magdi El Gizouli (December 31, 2013). [http://www.sudantribune.com/spip.php?article49390 "Suad Ibrahim Ahmed: "I am fighting""]. ''Sudan Tribune''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 5,</span> 2017</span>.</cite></ref><ref>{{Cite book|title=Women's Movements in Post-"Arab Spring" North Africa|editor=Sadiqi|publisher=Palgrave Macmillan|year=2016|chapter=Notes on Sudanese Women's Activism, Movements and Leadership|author=Hale|first=Sondra}}</ref> N'afọ 1967, Ahmed bụ otu n'ime ụmụ nwanyị anọ a họpụtara na Kọmitii Central nke 33 nke Sudanese Communist Party, tinyere [[Mahasin Abd al-Aal]], [[Naima Babiker al-Rayah]] na Fatima Ahmed Ibrahim.<ref name="ST31">{{Cite news|title=Suad Ibrahim Ahmed: "I am fighting"|url=http://www.sudantribune.com/spip.php?article49390|work=Sudan Tribune|author=Magdi El Gizouli|date=December 31, 2013|accessdate=November 5, 2017}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFMagdi_El_Gizouli2013">Magdi El Gizouli (December 31, 2013). [http://www.sudantribune.com/spip.php?article49390 "Suad Ibrahim Ahmed: "I am fighting""]. ''Sudan Tribune''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 5,</span> 2017</span>.</cite></ref> == Ihe odide == gd95y7pwrcsf9l0emxsjzgglizxxsle 0 56026 644395 200677 2026-05-30T22:39:31Z Sayvhior 13464 /* Njikọ mpụga */ 644395 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Victor Victorovich Bayda''' (Russian; amụrụ 1980/1981) {{R|"MSU"|"Times"}} bụ onye Russia bu ọkà mmụta asụsụ nke maara asụsụ Celtic na German. Ọ bụ onye ọrụ nhazi asụsụ ugbu a na Iveragh Gaeltacht nke County Kerry. == Akụkọ ndụ == Onye Moscow, Bayda malitere inwe mmasị n'asụsụ mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na atọ. O nwere mmasị karịsịa n'asụsụ Celtic, na n'oge ọ gara mahadum ọ mụtara ụfọdụ Welsh na Scottish Gaelic.{{R|"Mac an tSíthigh"}} Na Mahadum Moscow State, ọ gụrụ Dutch Ndị Irish.{{R|"McGee"}} Iji melite Irish ya, ọ nọrọ otu oge na Trinity College Dublin.{{R|"McGee"}} O mechara nọrọ oge na obodo ndị na-asụ asụsụ Irish nke An Spidéal na An Cheathrú Rua, wee gaa Acadamh na hOllscolaíochta Gaeilge . {{R|"McGee"|"Ní Aodha"|"Bannister"}} Ọ bụ onye nkuzi na Irish na Moscow State University ihe karịrị afọ iri na ise , {{R|"MSU"}} ma nata nzere doctorate ya n'ebe ahụ n'afọ 2009, ya na thesis akpọrọ Evolution of Perfect Constructures in Icelandic and Goidelic (lit. 'The Evolution of Perfect Constructions in Icelandico and Goidelik'). {{R|"McGee"}} N'afọ 2019, a họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ onye ọrụ nhazi asụsụ (ma ọ bụ Oif Jill Pleanála Teanga) maka Iveragh Gaeltacht (ma ọ dị {{Lang|ga|Gaeltacht Uíbh Ráthaigh}}) nke County Kerry, ya na ibu ọrụ chepụta na mejuputa atumatu ịtụte asụsụ Irish n'ebe ahụ. {{R|"McGee"}}{{R|"Ní Aodha"}}N'ọrụ a, ọ kwadoro ka e nye mpaghara Gaeltacht dị elu nke ha n'ime gọọmentị Irish .{{R|"Evans"}} Bayda na-asụ asụsụ iri: Russian, Irish, Scottish Gaelic, Welsh, Icelandic, Swedish, English, Dutch, German, na French.{{R|"Mac an tSíthigh"}} == Ntụaka == <nowiki>.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</nowiki> == Njikọ mpụga == * [https://www.radiokerry.ie/podcasts/kerry-today/man-moscow-whos-south-kerrys-new-irish-language-officer-february-21st-2019-185958 Ajụjụ ọnụ] na Redio Kerry (21 Febụwarị 2019) * [https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p072655l Ajụjụ ọnụ] na BBC Radio Foyle (28 Febụwarị 2019) * [https://www.rte.ie/radio/radio1/clips/21923328/ Ajụjụ ọnụ] na RTÉ Redio 1 (14 Machị 2021) ==Edensibia== {{Reflist}} [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 3y97zkl852hgsi7umj82o2d70oottqs 0 56040 644000 200696 2026-05-30T13:20:18Z Chiziqa 13055 Fixed reference error 644000 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faịlụ:MonTFollick1.jpg|thumb|Mont Follick MP maka Loughborough 1945-1955]] Montefiore Follick (31 Disemba 1887[1] - 10 Disemba 1958[2]) bụ onye ọkụ ọkụ nke British Labor Party, onye na-eme ihe maka Mgbanwe mgbanwe Okwu, polyglot na onye na-akwado ego iri.  Ọ bụ Onye omeiwu (MP) maka Loughborough site na 1945 ruo 1955, ebe ọ bụ na ọ bụ Prọfesọ nke Bekee na Mahadum Madrid na Spain.[3]  Ndị Loughborough Labor Party nabatara ya na 1936 dị ka onye ga-abụ onye omeiwu mana ọ chere ogologo oge n'ihi afọ agha tupu a họpụta ya.  N'afọ 1949 na ụzo n'afọ 1952, o webatara iwu ndị otu onwe ha na ndị omeiwu UK maka ịrụ nke amụ okwu Bekee.  Ọzụkwara ụlọ elu nke Loughborough Labor Party ugbu a na 1947. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.loughboroughlabour.org.uk/unity-house|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140202095155/http://www.loughboroughlabour.org.uk/unity-house|archivedate=2 February 2014|title=Booking Rooms}}</ref> Akwụkwọ Follick na Cardiff ma akwụkwọ na Sorbonne, Halle (Dr Phil) na Padua.  Ezinrọ ya bụ Ndị Juu, a ndabere ya aha Sir Moses Montefiore.[1]  Ọ bụ ọrụ dị ka ike Aga Khan, Sir Robert Philp (Premier of Queensland) na Mulay Hafid (Sultan of Morocco).  O guzoro n'ihe ịga nke ọma maka ndị omeiwu nke Ashford (1929), East Surrey (1931) na Fulham West (1935) tupu ọ nwee ihe ịga nke a na-akpọ Loughborough na 1945. <ref name="ukwhoswho.com" /> Follick bụkwa onye nna na onye nwe Regent School of Languages ​​(nke ndị iro bibiri, mana ugbu a bụ nke Mahadum Westminster).  Mgbe ọ nwụrụ, o nyere nnukwu ego nke ọrụ a ikike iji ma nye oche prọfesọ nke Comparative Philology "nke ike ike (ọ bụghị nkuzi nke ịgụ) kwesiri ịbụ isi".[1]  Mahadum Manchester mechara nabata ihe nketa ahụ, oche nwere aha Follick ka dị. Akwụkwọ ya gụnyere The Adam's Lottery, 1919; Influence of English, 1934; Facing Facts, 1935; Efforts of Chance, 1938; English Grammar for Foreigners, mbipụta 11; na The Twelve Republics, 1952. <ref name="ukwhoswho.com">{{Cite book|url=https://www.ukwhoswho.com/view/10.1093/ww/9780199540891.001.0001/ww-9780199540884-e-237322|title=Follick, Mont, (1887–10 Dec. 1958), Dr Phil - WHO'S WHO & WHO WAS WHO|publisher=www.ukwhoswho.com|doi=10.1093/ww/9780199540884.013.U237322|isbn=978-0-19-954089-1}}<cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://www.ukwhoswho.com/view/10.1093/ww/9780199540891.001.0001/ww-9780199540884-e-237322 ''Follick, Mont, (1887–10 Dec. 1958), Dr Phil - WHO'S WHO & WHO WAS WHO'']. www.ukwhoswho.com. [[Digital object identifier|doi]]:[[doi:10.1093/ww/9780199540884.013.U237322|10.1093/ww/9780199540884.013.U237322]]. [[ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-0-19-954089-1|<bdi>978-0-19-954089-1</bdi>]].</cite></ref> N'akwụkwọ ya "Facing Facts", (nke malitere na 1932) Follick buru amụma n'ụzọ ziri ezi banyere mwakpo nke Germany na mwakpo ndị Japan wakporo China. Akwụkwọ ahụ malitere na okwu "Beware Europe" ma mechie na "A dọọrọ gị aka ná ntị". Sir Isaac Pitman & Sons bipụtara The Case for Spelling Reform mgbe ọ nwụsịrị na 1965; na p. v bụ ahịrịokwu "Nye ụmụ akwụkwọ nke Britain mkpụrụ akwụkwọ na-agbanwe agbanwe; Maka mba ụwa asụsụ mba ụwa". Follick bụ onye òtù Fabian Society, na onye otu Royal Geographical Society, na nke Royal Society of Arts.  Ọ bụkwa onye ikike ma ikike nke usoro Geodok nke nkuzi ala. <ref name="ukwhoswho.com">{{Cite book|url=https://www.ukwhoswho.com/view/10.1093/ww/9780199540891.001.0001/ww-9780199540884-e-237322|title=Follick, Mont, (1887–10 Dec. 1958), Dr Phil - WHO'S WHO & WHO WAS WHO|publisher=www.ukwhoswho.com|doi=10.1093/ww/9780199540884.013.U237322|isbn=978-0-19-954089-1}}<cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://www.ukwhoswho.com/view/10.1093/ww/9780199540891.001.0001/ww-9780199540884-e-237322 ''Follick, Mont, (1887–10 Dec. 1958), Dr Phil - WHO'S WHO & WHO WAS WHO'']. www.ukwhoswho.com. [[Digital object identifier|doi]]:[[doi:10.1093/ww/9780199540884.013.U237322|10.1093/ww/9780199540884.013.U237322]]. [[ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-0-19-954089-1|<bdi>978-0-19-954089-1</bdi>]].</cite></ref> == Asụsụ a tụrụ aro ya == Nkọwa Bekee nke Follick chepụtara wepụrụ q, x na y, ka ọ na-enye mkpụrụedemede niile fọdụrụnụ uru ụda ha kachasị mma na Bekee ma na-agbakwunye ojiji a na-ejikarị digraphs dh na zh, yana trigraph tsh.<ref>{{Cite book|author=Pitman|first=James|title=Alphabets of English|publisher=Manchester University Press|year=1969|editor=Haas|pages=14‒49|chapter=The late Dr. Mont Follick—an Appraisal: The Assault on the Conventional Alphabets and Spelling}}</ref> === Iwu === Usoro Follick bụ phonemic kpamkpam ruo n'ókè nke iji '-t' maka '-ed' ọdịnala mgbe a na-ekwughị ya (dị ka na 'poazt'), na '-d' mgbe a na'ekwughị ya. === Nkwekọrịta ụda na mkpụrụedemede === {| class="wikitable" |+Mkpụrụedemede !Okwu ndị e dere !Akwụkwọ ozi !Atụmatụ mkpụrụ okwu !Omenala mkpụrụ okwu |- |  |a |azhiur |azure |- |  |na |iri |iri |- |  |i |Ogologo oge |n'ime |- |  |o |ọtụtụ ihe |ọtụtụ ihe |- |  | rowspan="2" |u |mutsh |ọtụtụ ihe |- |comm   |dhu |na |- |  |ma ọ bụ |poazt |nkwụsịtụ |- |  |ie |shie fieling |ya mmetụta |- | rowspan="2" |  |Ọ bụ |ihe na-egbu egbu |ihe mgbu |- |ai |na-akwagharị |ọhịa |- |  |Ya |na-ekwu okwu |esemokwu |- | rowspan="2" |  |uu |Ogologo oge |n'ime |- |uu |ruumerd |asịrị |- |  |ie |hie |ya |- |  |Ee |ọrụ |ọrụ |- |  |ma ọ bụ |imeghe |gafere |- |  |na |ịkwọ ụgbọala |otu esi eme |- |  |iur |azhiur |azure |- |  |aa |Maarz |Mars |- |ka   |er |imeghe |gafere |} {| class="wikitable" |+Mkpụrụ okwu !Fortis !Akwụkwọ ozi !Lenis !Akwụkwọ ozi |- |/p/ |p |/b/ |b |- |/t/ |t |/d/ |d |- |/k/ |k |/ɡ/ |g |- |/tʃ/ |tsh (bụ ch) |/dʒ/ |j |- |/f/ |f |/v/ |v |- |/θ/ |th |/ð/ |dh (bụ th) |- |/s/ |s |/z/ |z |- |/ʃ/ |sh |/ʒ/ |zh (dị iche iche) |- |/h/ |h | | |- | | |/m/ |m |- | | |/n/ |n |- | | |/ŋ/ |ng |- | | |/j/ |? |- | | |/w/ |w |- | | |/r/ |r |- | | |/l/ |l |} == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * Hansard1803–2005:onyinye na Nzukọ Ndị Omeiwu site na Mont Follick * Mont Follick Papers na Mahadum nke Manchester Library. * [https://www.google.co.uk/books/edition/The_Case_for_Spelling_Reform/bwzSAAAAIAAJ Ihe Ndị Na-akpata Mgbanwe Asụsụ] {{s-start}} {{s-par|uk}} {{succession box|title=[[Member of Parliament (United Kingdom)|Member of Parliament]] for [[Loughborough (UK Parliament constituency)|Loughborough]]|years=[[1945 United Kingdom general election|1945]] – [[1955 United Kingdom general election|1955]]|before=[[Lawrence Kimball]]|after=[[John Cronin (British politician)|John Cronin]]}} {{s-end}} syttqkzdnrkqcxxr0vxhyrvx815lbqm 0 56047 644256 538454 2026-05-30T19:50:33Z Wikipedian12512(alt) 61413 ce 644256 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Children of Blaenau Ffestiniog calling for a social centre after a Welsh Language Campaign (1532298).jpg|thumb|Ffred Ffransis]] '''Ffred Ffransis''' (onye amụrụ '''Frederick Sefton Francis''', 14 Juunu 1948), bụ onye otu ama ama na Cymdeithas yr Iaith Gymraeg (The Welsh Language Society).<ref name="ff" /> == Akụkọ ndụ == A mụrụ ya na Colwyn Bay, mana o biri na Rhyl maka ihe ka ukwuu n'oge ọ bụ nwata. Nwa nke nne na nna na-asụ Bekee Marjorie Francis na Frederick Francis, ọ mụtara isi Welsh na ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị, ma bụrụ onye na-asọpụta nke ọma n'oge ọ bụ nwa akwụkwọ na Mahadum Wales, Aberystwyth. Ọ malitere itinye aka na asụsụ Welsh, wee ghọọ onye na-ahụ maka asụsụ Welsh. Ọ nọrọ ọtụtụ ikpe n'ụlọ mkpọrọ maka isonye n'ihe omume na-abụghị nke ime ihe ike <ref name="ff">{{Cite book|title=Creative conflict: the politics of Welsh devolution|year=1977|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=95E9AAAAIAAJ&q=Ffred+Ffransis&pg=PA111|isbn=9780710087416|author=Osmond|first=John}}</ref> n'aha Cymdeithas yr Iaith Gymraeg. Ọ lụrụ Meinir Ffransis, nwa nwanyị Gwynfor Evans, onye omeiwu mbụ nke Plaid Cymru, ma nwee ụmụ asaa - Lleucu Meinir, Carys Llywelyn, Angharad Clwyd, Hedd Gwynfor, Gwenno Teifi, Siriol Teifi na Ioan Teifi. Ọ bụ onye a ma ama na-akwado klọb bọọlụ Rhyl F.C.<ref>{{Cite web|title=3 Lle, TV|url=https://tv24.co.uk/p/3-lle|accessdate=2021-07-31|work=tv24.co.uk|language=en}}</ref> == Ntụaka == # Osmond, John (1977). Esemokwu okike: {{Reflist}}ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nke nnyefe welsh. p. 111. # "3 Lle, TV". tv24.co.uk. eweputara 31 Julai 2021. [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] lu2ubq7jfk1o0gwkbnby4fr0fmdbb9i 0 56070 644467 200747 2026-05-31T03:46:41Z Goodymeraj 16207 Fixed reference error 644467 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Stanisław Pestka''' (8 Eprel afọ 1929 - 2 Eprel afọ 2015) bụ onye na-ede uri Kashubian . A mụrụ ya na Rolbik . <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.dziennikbaltycki.pl/artykul/3809537,wielka-strata-dla-pomorza-nie-zyja-prof-jerzy-treder-i-stanislaw-pestka,id,t.html?cookie=1|title=Wielka strata dla Pomorza. Nie żyją prof. Jerzy Treder i Stanisław Pestka|date=2015-04-02|accessdate=2015-04-02|language=pl}}</ref> Pestka bụkwa onye nsụgharị nke ihe odide Russian gaa n'asụsụ Kashubian . Ọ bụ onye isi oche nke Kashubian-Pomeranian Association site n'afọ 1976 ruo afọ 1980 na ọzọ site n'afọ 1992 ruo afọ 1994. Ọ bụ onye ndọrọndọrọ ọchịchị Kashubian. <ref name="rastko">{{Cite web|url=http://www.rastko.net/rastko-ka/content/view/174/25/|accessdate=April 7, 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160517054853/http://www.rastko.net/rastko-ka/content/view/174/25/|archivedate=17 May 2016|first=Paweł|author=Szczypta|title=Rastko Kaszuby project - Stanisław Pestka (in english)}}</ref> Ọ nwụrụ n' afọ 2015. <ref name="ragda">{{Cite web|url=https://www.radiogdansk.pl/index.php/wydarzenia/item/23199-nie-zyja-dwaj-znani-kaszubi-prof-jerzy-treder-i-red-stanislaw-pestka.html|title=Nie żyją dwaj znani Kaszubi prof. Jerzy Treder i red. Stanisław Pestka|date=2015-04-02|accessdate=2015-04-02|language=pl}}</ref> == Mbipụta == ''Polski'' (Illustrated Polish Courier), na N' afọ 1950 ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Jozef Wybicki High School di na Kościerzyna, na' afọ 1953 ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ mmụta Polish na Mahadum Poznan . Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ, ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye nkụzi. N' afọ 1958 o biri na Gdańsk, na-arụkọ ọrụ na magazin ''Kaszëbë'' ruo mgbe ya liquidation n' afo1961, n' afọ 1961-1965 isi na omenala ngalaba nke ''Ilustrowany Kurier''1965-1967 na-arụ ọrụ na Polish Radioczecin9 Station1967 Radiocze 1967. na magazin ''Fakty i Myśli'' (Eziokwu na Echiche). Site n' afọ 1968 o biri na Gdańsk ọzọ, ma bụrụ onye so na bọọdụ nchịkọta akụkọ nke akwụkwọ akụkọ ''Litery'' (1968-1974), ''Czas'' kwa izu (1975-1981). N'otu oge ahụ ọ bụ onye editọ-na-isi nke ''Pomerania'' kwa ọnwa (1969-1972). Na 1980 ọ rụrụ ọrụ na Provincial Cultural Center na Gdańsk, na ọzọ editọ-na-isi nke ''Pomerania'' si afọ 1990-1994. O bipụtakwara uri n'okpuru aha mkpịsị odee Jan Zbrzyca, <ref name="ragda" /> na akụkọ ya na feuilletons ka edebanyela aka na ya Krëban z Milachòwa. <ref name="rastko" />(Okwu ''krëban'' ma ọ bụ ''kurban'' na-egosi n'ụzọ nkịtị ite maka ịchekwa abụba anụmanụ, <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://szkola.interklasa.pl/f019/strona/pol/kasz_jl.html|title=Słownik kaszubsko-polski|accessdate=April 9, 2015}}</ref> ebe ''Krëban'' na-ezokwa aka na otu agbụrụ agbụrụ nke ndị Kashubians. <ref>{{Cite book|url=http://instytutkaszubski.republika.pl/pdfy/angielski.pdf|title=The Kashubs Today|isbn=978-83-89079-78-7|accessdate=April 9, 2015|date=2007}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=http://arch.powiat.slupsk.pl/publikacje/files/konf_kaszubi.pdf|title=VII KONFERENCJAKASZUBSKO - POMORSKA|isbn=83-918641-0-3|accessdate=April 9, 2015|date=2003}}</ref> * ''Południca'', Gdańsk 1976 * ''Wizrë ë duchë'', Gdańsk 1986;  * ''Wieczọrny widnik'' , 2002 * ''W krainie chmurników'', 2011, nchịkọta prose qeszkc10sl44tv6bkd0jz54smcstdu9 0 56073 644389 200750 2026-05-30T22:34:09Z Edozie Ojekwe 24584 Fixed Reference error 644389 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sotiris Bletsas''' (Greek: Σωτήρης Μπλέτσας; Aromanian: Sutir Bletsa) bụ onye na-ese ụkpụrụ ụlọ na onye na-akwado asụsụ Aroma si Greece. N’afọ 1995, n’ememme ndị Aroma na Greece, o kesara ụfọdụ Ụlọ Ọrụ Na-ahụ Maka Asụsụ Ndị A Na-ejighị Ihe N’Europe (EBLUL) banyere asụsụ ndị nta na Greece. Na 2001, na ntinye nke MP maka Edessa Evgenios Haïtidis, E boro ya ebubo na ọ bụ "ịgbasa ozi ụgha" (na-emegide isiokwu 191 nke Usoro Penal Greek) onye a kọrọ na onye ndu Panhellenic Federation nke Cultural Associations nke Vlacs kwadoro ya .<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.nakratzas.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=63&Itemid=78|title=Dr. G. Nakratzas - Political advicer of EFA - 11.2<!-- Bot generated title -->|accessdate=2007-09-13|archivedate=2012-02-08|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120208104656/http://www.nakratzas.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=63&Itemid=78}}</ref>Okwu a kpalitere mkpesa sitere na ndị Greek Helsinki Monitor na site ná mba ọzọ .<ref name="AFAProtest">ref>[http://www.europarl.europa.eu/omk/sipade3?PROG=WQ&L=EN&PUBREF=-//EP//TEXT+WQ+E-2001-1325+0+DOC+SGML+V0//EN&LEVEL=2 E-1325/01<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> A mara ya ikpe nke mbụ wee tụọ ya mkpọrọ ọnwa iri na ise, kwụsịtụrụ maka afọ atọ, na ntaramahụhụ 500,000 drachmas; otu o sila dị, ọ gara nke ọma ịrịọ mkpebi ahụ ma emesịa hụ na o nweghị ikpe na 18 Ọktoba 2001. Bletsas has held the position of director in the Greek branch of the EBLUL, established in January 2002, being among the several Aromanians to have done so.<ref>{{Cite journal|url=https://farsharotu.org/community-news-22/|title=Community News|journal=[[The Newsletter of the Society Farsharotu]]|volume=16|issue=1–2|date=25 April 2003}}</ref> == Hụkwa == * Aromanian language * Human rights in Greece == Ntụaka == {{Reflist|30em}} [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 23ios0jz74fwcq30nfyxq1s6fajvuy7 0 56188 644523 368683 2026-05-31T06:16:39Z Geraldine Kene 23189 Fixed reference error 644523 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Yule Cat illustration.jpg|thumb|Yule cat]] Nwamba Yule ( , isisis, nke a na-akpọkwa Jólaköttur na nwamba ekeresimesi [1]) bụ nnukwu nwamba na obi ọjọọ sitere n'akụkọ ọdịnala ekeresimesi Iceland nke a na-ekwu na ọ na-ezobe n'ime ime obodo snow n'oge ekeresimesi ma na-eri ndị na-adịghị enweta uwe ọhụrụ tupu mgbede ekeresimesi.  Na nsụgharị ndị ọzọ nke akụkọ ahụ, pusi na-eri naanị nri nke ndị na-enwetabeghị uwe ọhụrụ.  Jólakötturinn nwere njikọ chiri anya na ndị ọzọ sitere na akụkọ ọdịnala Icelandic, nke a na-ewere dị ka anụ ụlọ nke ogress Grýla na ụmụ ya nwoke, Yule Lads.. == Akụkọ ihe mere eme == === Mmalite ya === Ihe mbụ mbụ Yule aha sitere na nchịkọta omenala nke 1862 nke Jón Árnason, Íslenzkar þjóðsögur og æfintýri [is].  A iro ya dị ka anụ anụ nke ga-eri ndị na-enwetaghị uwe ọhụrụ maka Krismas, ma ọ bụ rie "Krismas bit" ha (ihe oriri ọzọ esote ndị bi n'ugbo).  Jón enyeghị isi iyi maka ọkpụkpọ ọlụ.<ref name="folklore" /> ahụ, a tụwo aro echiche abụọ maka eserese ahụ.[1]  N'otu echiche, onye na-akọ omenala Árni Björnsson na-ezo aka n'ihe odide ala ala Jó nken nke na-eji ọnụ ọgụgụ okwu "iji yi uwe nwamba".[2]  Site n'ihe odide ala ala a na akara ihe odide ọ kọọ gbasara nwamba Yule tupu ihe odide Jón, Árni kwubiri na ahụ bụ isi iyi nke Jón kere anụ ahụ ahụ.[1][3][4]  N'echiche nke ọzọ, onye ọkà በየጊዜው ihe ochie Guðmundur Ólafsson na-echeta nwamba Yule na ihe dị iche iche, na omenala ndị ọzọ nke Europe, so Saint Nicholas.  Guðmundur kwuru na isi akwụkwọ maka ụdị omenala ọ blea n'ihe mere eme dị ụkọ, ihe isi akwụkwọ edere na nwamba Yule ihe dị mkpa.. <ref name="folklore" /> <ref>{{Cite journal|title=Jólakötturinn Og Uppruni Hans|language=is|journal=Árbók Hins íslenzka fornleifafélags|url=https://timarit.is/page/2056924#page/n106/mode/2up|pages=111–120|accessdate=29 November 2023}}</ref> A na-eji nwamba Yule eme ihe dị ka ihe iyi egwu na ihe mkpali maka ndị ọrụ ugbo iji mechaa nhazi ajị anụ anakọtara n'oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ tupu Krismas. A na-eji uwe ọhụrụ akwụ ndị sonyere n'ọrụ ahụ ụgwọ, mana ndị na-enweghị ihe ga-enweta ihe ọ bụla ma si otú a bụrụ anụ oriri maka nwamba Yule.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.simnet.is/gardarj/yule11.htm|title=The Yule Cat (Christmas in Iceland 2000)|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20050108092720/http://www.simnet.is/gardarj/yule11.htm|archivedate=8 January 2005}}</ref> === ''Krismas Na-abịa'' === Ntọala nke nwamba Yule dị ka akara nke lit." data-linkid="83" href="./Icelandic_Christmas_folklore" id="mwWg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Icelandic Christmas folklore">Akụkọ omenala nke bịara Iceland na 1932, mgbehannes si Kötnụ (s) JóKrinnes si Köt nkebụ [ya gụkọta akụkọ.  Na- nipas).[is] Otu n'ime uri ahụ, Jólakötturinn, hiwere isi na anụ anụ na-eri mmadụ nke mechara mechara bụrụ ohu a na-azụ nke ego na ihe iwu mma na Iceland..<ref name="folklore" /> Ọ bụ ezie na uri ahụ ejikọtaghị Jólakötturinn na Grýla, Leppalúði, ma ọ bụ Yule Lads, e nwekwara ihe odide ndị ahụ na nchịkọta ahụ.  Ihe jikọrọ nke a butere njikọ na akụkọ ndị ọzọ.  Ka ọ na-erule n'etiti narị afọ nke 20, e weere Jólakötturinn dị ka anụ ụlọ Grýla na ụmụ ya.  N’akụkọ ụfọdụ ndị e mesịrị, Jólakötturinn nupụụrụ isi nke na nanị Stúfur, bụ́ Yule Lad kasị nta, nwere ike iduzi ya, ọ na-agbakwa nwamba ahụ gafee ime obodo..<ref name="folklore">{{Cite web|url=https://icelandicfolklore.is/the-yule-cat/|title=The Yule Cat|work=Icelandic Folklore|date=17 December 2020|author=Áki Guðni Karlsson|accessdate=29 November 2023|archivedate=25 March 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230325175517/https://icelandicfolklore.is/the-yule-cat/}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFÁki_Guðni_Karlsson2020">Áki Guðni Karlsson (17 December 2020). [https://icelandicfolklore.is/the-yule-cat/ "The Yule Cat"]. ''Icelandic Folklore''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230325175517/https://icelandicfolklore.is/the-yule-cat/ Archived] from the original on 25 March 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 November</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.thjodminjasafn.is/jol/adrar-vaettir/nr/2983|title=Jólakötturinn|work=Thjodminjasafn.is|publisher=[[National Museum of Iceland]]|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151222144049/http://www.thjodminjasafn.is/jol/adrar-vaettir/nr/2983|archivedate=22 December 2015|language=Icelandic}}</ref> Ingibjörg Þorbergs dere ọtụtụ abụ dabere na uri Jóhannes, gụnyere otu nke dabeere na {{Lang|is|Jólakötturinn}}, n'ihe dị ka afọ 1970.[is]<ref name="folklore">{{Cite web|url=https://icelandicfolklore.is/the-yule-cat/|title=The Yule Cat|work=Icelandic Folklore|date=17 December 2020|author=Áki Guðni Karlsson|accessdate=29 November 2023|archivedate=25 March 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230325175517/https://icelandicfolklore.is/the-yule-cat/}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFÁki_Guðni_Karlsson2020">Áki Guðni Karlsson (17 December 2020). [https://icelandicfolklore.is/the-yule-cat/ "The Yule Cat"]. ''Icelandic Folklore''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230325175517/https://icelandicfolklore.is/the-yule-cat/ Archived] from the original on 25 March 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 November</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> === Ịbụ onye a ma ama n'oge a === N'afọ 2008, akwụkwọ akụkọ Bekee na-asụ n'ịntanetị The Reykjavík Grapevine bipụtara otu isiokwu banyere nwamba Yule; <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://grapevine.is/culture/art/2008/12/10/the-christmas-cat/|title=The Christmas Cat|author=Magnússon|first=Haukur|date=10 December 2008|accessdate=28 November 2015|work=[[The Reykjavík Grapevine]]|publisher=Fröken Ltd|archivedate=8 December 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151208115345/http://grapevine.is/culture/art/2008/12/10/the-christmas-cat/}}</ref> a na-ewere nke a dị ka akụkụ nke na-eme ka nwamba Yole nweta nkwado mba ụwa, a na-ekwughachi akụkọ {{Lang|is|Jólaköttur}} ma gbasaa ya na isiokwu ndị ọzọ dị iche iche. <ref name="folklore" /><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/each-christmas-icelands-yule-cat-takes-fashion-policing-extreme-180961420/|title=Each Christmas, Iceland's Yule Cat Takes Fashion Policing to the Extreme|accessdate=29 November 2023|date=19 December 2016|first=Danny|author=Lewis|archivedate=26 November 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20231126233000/https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/each-christmas-icelands-yule-cat-takes-fashion-policing-extreme-180961420/}}</ref> N'afọ 2018, obodo Reykjavík hiwere ihe ọkpụkpụ ígwè toro ogologo nke pusi Yule dị ka ihe ịchọ mma ekeresimesi n'ime etiti obodo ahụ..<ref name="folklore" /><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://grapevine.is/news/2018/11/27/christmas-cat-cost-causes-controversy/|title=From Iceland — Christmas Cat Cost Causes Controversy|date=27 November 2018|first=Colin Arnold|author=Dalrymple|accessdate=29 November 2023|work=[[The Reykjavík Grapevine]]|publisher=Fröken Ltd|archivedate=9 February 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230209093147/https://grapevine.is/news/2018/11/27/christmas-cat-cost-causes-controversy/}}</ref> Na Disemba 2023, ewepụtara ihe nkiri gbasara pusi Yule akpọrọ Þið kannist við….<ref>{{Cite web|title=Allir sáttir á hryllilegri jólakattarmynd|url=https://www.mbl.is/smartland/samkvaemislifid/2023/12/22/allir_sattir_a_hryllilegri_jolakattarmynd/|accessdate=2023-12-25|work=www.mbl.is|language=is}}</ref> == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * Abụ Jólakötturinn, n'asụsụ Icelandic ([https://web.archive.org/web/20050108092720/http://www.simnet.is/gardarj/yule11.htm Nsụgharị Bekee]) {{Cite web|url=http://johannes.is/jolakotturinn/|title=Jólakötturinn – Skáldasetur &#124; Jóhannes úr Kötlum|date=8 December 2007}} s1txcq5jxaggdtado58w8hx48qbgjsm 0 56267 644577 200977 2026-05-31T08:24:01Z ~2026-32314-82 62081 Fixed reference errors 644577 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|image=}} Syeda Shahar Banu (Bengali: সৈয়হসসৈয়দা শাহার শানু; 1914-1983) bụ onye ndú nke òtù Bengali na onye ọsụ ụzọ nke òtù ikike ụmụ na Sylhet.  Ọ rụkwara ọrụ dị mkpa na ntọala aka Sylhet nke 1947 na nguzobe nke Sylhet Government Women's College. <ref name="kamal">{{Cite book|url=http://online.pubhtml5.com/loxb/owip/index.html#p=32|title=আবু আহমদ আবদুল হাফিজ জন্মশতবার্ষিকী স্মারক|language=bn|editor=Kamal, Syed Shah|date=July 2000}}</ref> == Ndụ mbụ na ezinụlọ == Ụlọ Syeda Shahar Banu Chowdhury na 1914 n'obodo Syedpur na Jagannathpur, Subdivision Sunamganj.  Nna ya, Syed Abul Bashar Chowdhury, bụ nwa nke onye na-ede uri Syed Ashhar Ali Chowdhuria, na nwa nwa nke zamindar Dewan Syed Ajmal Ali Chowddury.  Ezin nwere ahụ ketara utu aha ahụ saịtị n'aka nna nna ya bụ Dewan Syed Wasil Ali Chowdhury, onye a flu Sadar-e-Ala na Dewan n'Oge Nawabi..<ref name="kamal" />{{Cite book|url=http://online.pubhtml5.com/loxb/owip/index.html#p=32|title=আবু আহমদ আবদুল হাফিজ জন্মশতবার্ষিকী স্মারক|language=bn|editor=Kamal, Syed Shah|date=July 2000}}<cite class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFKamal,_Syed_Shah2000">Kamal, Syed Shah, ed. (July 2000). [http://online.pubhtml5.com/loxb/owip/index.html#p=32 ''আবু আহমদ আবদুল হাফিজ জন্মশতবার্ষিকী স্মারক''] &#x5B;''Abu Ahmad Abdul Hafeez Birth Centenary Commemoration''&#x5D; (in Bengali). p.&nbsp;31.</cite> [[Category:CS1 Bengali-language sources (bn)]]</ref> == Mgbalị mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị == Ọ bụ di ya, Abu Ahmad Abdul Hafiz, onye bụ onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na onye nkwado, kpaliri Shahar Banu ịbanye n'ọrụ mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.muhith.info.bd/bangla/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=5:aboutamamuhith&catid=3:launcher-articles|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140310035909/http://www.muhith.info.bd/bangla/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=5:aboutamamuhith&catid=3:launcher-articles|archivedate=10 March 2014|author=[[Abul Maal Abdul Muhith]]|title=About AMA Muhith}}</ref> O nyere aka n'ịmepụta Sylhet Women's Muslim League, otu alaka nke All-India Muslim League, ma jee ozi dị ka onye isi oche ya site na 1945 ruo 1948. O mechara bụrụ onye isi oche nke Sylhet Women's Association. Shahar Banu bụ mbụ mbụ na Assam Legislative Council.  Na-eduga na ọhụrụ aka Sylhet nke afọ 1947, ọ gara ọtụtụ ụlọ na-hazi ụmụ amụrụ.  N'otu oge ahụ, ọ na-enye ọrụ ọrụ n'ihe ize ndụ, na- ihe ikwu siri ike nke ndị na-agba ọsọ omenala na ndị Indian National Congress anya.  E kpakwara ya na saịtị Gọọmenti Women's College na Sylhet.  [1] Mgbe ahụ ahụ na-achọ imechi na 1950, ọ na-akpa ike ya niile iji mee ka ọ dị ndụ.  Ɔ na- ụmụ ụfọdụ .  Ọ gara site n' ila ruo n' iji mee ka ụmụ anụmanụ metric-passed nabata nata nabata. == Mgbalị asụsụ == Na Lee afọ 1947, Shahar Banu nri n'òtù Bengali.  E nyere Khawaja Nazimuddin, onye bụbu Chief Minister nke East Bengal, akwụkwọ akwụkwọ site n'aka ụmụ anụmanụ nke Sylhet District na-achọ ka ha mee ka Bengali rị steeti steeti.  Shahar Banu Chowdhury bụ otu n'ime ndị ọrịa na ndị bịanyere aka na ndị mere ihe mere eme a.  [1] Ọ bụ otu n'ime ndị isi na ike niile maka ahia na Sylhet.  Ya na Zobeda Khanom Chowdhury, onye ọzọ na-ahụ maka akara, na ndị ọzọ, ndị otu dị iche iche na-akwado Pakistan gbara ha akwụkwọ maka ogụ ha maka ikike nkwekọrịta.  A na-enye ha mkpa dị iche iche, site na nkwutọ na akwụkwọ akwụkwọ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.sylhetexpress.com/news/details.php?id=38068|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304140401/http://www.sylhetexpress.com/news/details.php?id=38068|archivedate=4 March 2016|title=ভাষা আন্দোলনে সিলেটের নারী সমাজের ভূমিকা|work=Sylhet Express|language=bn}}</ref> == Ọnwụ na ihe nketa == Syeda Shahar Banu nwụrụ na 21 Ọktoba 1983. Ya na di ya Abu Ahmad Abdul Hafiz gidan ọtụtụ ụmụ, dị ka Abu Ahmad Abdul Muhsi, Abul Maal Abdul Muhith (onye bụbu Minista na-ahụ maka ego nke Bangladesh), AK Abdul Mubin, AK Abdul Momen (onye bụ Minista na'ihe gbasara mba ofesi nke Bangladesh) na Dr Shahla Khatun.   <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2025)">citation needed</span>]]''&#x5D;</sup> == Hụkwa == * Karimunnesa Khanam Chaudhurani * [[Rawshan Ara Bachchu]] == Ihe odide == <references /> 6afa17liws5zm29ll4mslk4ihuexwwx 0 56281 643983 200995 2026-05-30T13:01:13Z Chiziqa 13055 Fixed reference error 643983 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faịlụ:Typical_North_India_Food_Prepared_for_Rongmei_Naga.jpg|thumb|Nri ndị India na-eri nke nta. A na-akpọ nri dị na efere ahụ Uchchhishta (aha). A na-ekwu na efere ahụ bụ Uchchhishta (adjective).]] Uchchhishta (Sanskrit) sasaa na-akpọ []), nke a mara site na okwu mpaghara dị iche iche, bụ echiche India na nke Hindu nri mmetọ nri site na asɔ.  saỌ bụ ebe na okwu ahụ nwere ihe dị iche iche ọ nwere ma ọ dịghị ihe yiri ya n'asụsụ Bekee, [1] a na-a sarrafa ya n'English dị ka "ihe ike" [2] ma ọ bụ " akwụkwọ", [3] mana o nwewere mkparị.  Uchchhishta na- akara ihe oriri, mgbe mmadụ riri.  N'echiche sara mbara, ọ na-ezo aka na mmetọ nke nri ma ọ bụ aka nke elele asɔ ma ọ bụ n'ime ọnụ.  A na-ekwu na mmadụ ma ọ bụ efere bụ uchchhishta mgbe ọ bịarutere na nri uchchishta.[2]  A na-ewere nri, ndị mmadụ na arịa Uchchishta dị ka ndị na-adịghị ọcha.  Mmadụ nwere ike ọcha site na ịsa aka ya (ndị Hindu na-eri ihe aka ha) na ọnụ. Ọ bụ ike ndị inye mmadụ nri uchhishta, agbanyeghị na ihe ndị ọzọ maka nri sitere n'aka ndị dị elu, na ndị ọzọ.  Ọ bụ ebe na a ndepụta dị otú ahụ nye chi ndị Hindu n'okpukpe Hindu oge ochie, a na-efe ụfọdụ chi ndị Tantric heterodox ofufe na-enye ahụ. == Echiche == [[Faịlụ:Leftovers.JPG|thumb|Ihe fọdụrụnụ nke curry India na efere. A na-akpọ ihe ndị fọdụrụ ''uchchhishta'' (aha); a na-akọwa efere ahụ dị ka ''uchchhishta'' (adjective) ]] Akwụkwọ Ọkọwa Okwu Sanskrit nke Monier-Williams na-ịhụ uchchhishta dị ka: "n'aka ekpe, Flo, àjà emebi, gbụ ọnụ (dị ka ihe oriri); onye ka nwere ihe oriri funahụrụ n'ọnụ ma ọ bụ aka, onye na-asa aka ya na ọnụ ya mere a na-ewere ya dị ka ihe na-adịghị ọcha, ihe na-eme ka ọ ghara ime ihe na-eme ka ahụ ọkụ, na-ewere ya dị ka ihe na-adịghị ọcha, na-ewere ya dị ka ihe na-adịghị ọcha, na-ewere ya dị ka ihe na-adịghị ọcha, na-ewere ya dị ka ihe na-adịghị ọcha, na-ewere ya dị ka ihe na-adịghị ọcha, na-ewere ya dị ka ihe na-adịghị ọcha, ihe na-eme ka ọ ghara ime ka ọ ghara ime ka ọ ghara ime ka ọ ghara ime ihe na-akpata, nsogbu, na-eme ka ọ ghara ime ka ọ ghara ime ihe na-akpata.".<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.sanskrit-lexicon.uni-koeln.de/scans/MWScan/2014/web/webtc/servepdf.php?page=173|title=MW Cologne Scan|work=www.sanskrit-lexicon.uni-koeln.de|accessdate=8 September 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.sanskrit-lexicon.uni-koeln.de/scans/MWScan/2014/web/webtc/servepdf.php?page=174|title=MW Cologne Scan|work=www.sanskrit-lexicon.uni-koeln.de|accessdate=8 September 2018}}</ref> Medhatithi (ihe dị ka 850-1050 OA), otu n'ime ndị na-echeta ihe kacha ochie na ndị a ma n'akwụkwọ iwu Hindu Manusmriti depụtara ihe uchchhishta dị: * Nkọwa bụ isi: mmetọ site na nri ma ọ bụ aka nke metụrụ n'ime ọnụ mmadụ * Mmetọ sitere na mmetụ "onye na-eri, nri a na-eri" ma ọ bụ efere onye riri * Nri fọdụrụ na efere mmadụ, mgbe o risịrị * Nri fọdụrụ n'ụgbọ mmiri mgbe a na-enye onye ọ bụla nri * onye gafere ihe mkpofu mmadụ, tupu a sachaa ya Ọ bụ ezie na ''uchchhishta'' nwere njikọ na ihe fọdụrụnụ na mmetụ na asọ, a ga-ekewapụta ''uchchhishta'' site na okwu ndị ọzọ a sụgharịrị n'asụsụ Bekee dị ka "ihe na-adịghị ọcha": ''Amedhya'' ("ndị na-ekwesịghị ekwesị maka ịchụ àjà") na-ezo aka na mmetọ site na mmetụrụ ihe mkpofu mmadụ, ozu, ire ure wdg na ''malina'' ("nke nwere ntụpọ") na-ekwu maka mmetọ sitere na unyi anụ ahụ. Dị ka ihe ndị ọzọ dị n'ahụ dị ka ọsụsọ, a na-ewere asọ dị ka akụkụ nke ahụ ma ọ bụghịkwa akụkụ ya, ya bụ, nke "ọnọdụ ejighị n'aka". N'ihi ya, a na-ewere mmetụ na asọ, ''uchchhishta'', dị ka ihe na-adịghị ọcha. Otú ọ dị, ''Manusmriti'' anaghị ele nsị anya n'ozuzu, kama ọ bụ naanị n'ihe gbasara nri. A naghị emeso nsị, nke na-ebufe site n'otu onye gaa na onye ọzọ mgbe ọ na-ekwu okwu, dị ka ihe na-adịghị ọcha. Iwu nke ịghara imerụ nri ma ọ bụ ihe ọṅụṅụ niile na nje bacteria ma ọ bụ nje virus na asọ mmadụ bụ ihe na-echegbu onwe ya karịsịa ebe ahụike mmadụ nwere ike ịbụ ihe ize ndụ site na mmetọ. Otu Siddhar nke oge ochie na-akwa echiche nke ''uchchhishta'' emo. Ọ na-ajụ otú okooko osisi ndị a na-enye chi Hindu ma ọ bụ mmanụ aṅụ na-adịghị emetọ site na asọ aṅụ na mmiri ara ehi site na asọ nwa ehi. == Aha mpaghara == * N'asụsụ Kannada, n'asụsụ Kannata<ref>{{Cite web|title=Baraha Dictionary|url=https://baraha.com/kannada/main.php|accessdate=2023-10-18|work=baraha.com}}</ref> * ''engili'' (n'ihi ya) - Telugu<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://dsalsrv04.uchicago.edu/cgi-bin/app/gwynn_query.py?qs=engili&searchhws=yes|title=A Telugu-English dictionary|author=Gwynn|first=J. P. L. (John Peter Lucius)|date=1991|accessdate=8 September 2018}}</ref> * ''eccil'' - [[Tamil language|Tamil]] <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://dsalsrv04.uchicago.edu/cgi-bin/app/fabricius_query.py?qs=%E0%AE%8E%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D&searchhws=yes|title=J. P. Fabricius's Tamil and English dictionary. 4th ed., rev.and enl|author=Fabricius|first=J. P.|date=1972|accessdate=8 September 2018}}</ref> * ''juṭhā''/''jhuṭhā'' - Hindi Bengali <ref name=":4" /><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://dsalsrv04.uchicago.edu/cgi-bin/app/biswas-bengali_query.py?qs=%E0%A6%9D%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%BE&searchhws=yes|title=Samsad Bengali-English dictionary. 3rd ed.|author=Biswas|first=Sailendra|date=2000|accessdate=8 September 2018}}</ref> * ''jũṭh'' - Rajasthani * ''khoṭu'' (N'ihi ya) - [[Gujarati language|Gujarati]] * ''ushṭa'' (उ Cold) - Marathi; a na-eji okwu ahụ eme ihe n'ihe gbasara "ndị ọzọ na-eji ma ọ bụ na-enwe obi ụtọ", dịka ọmụmaatụ, a na-akọwa okwu dị ka ''ushta'', ma ọ bụrụ na ọ bụ ihe e si n'aka ndị ọzọ nweta ihe.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://dsalsrv04.uchicago.edu/cgi-bin/app/molesworth_query.py?qs=%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%BE&searchhws=yes|title=A dictionary, Marathi and English. 2d ed., rev. and enl|author=Molesworth|first=J. T. (James Thomas)|date=1857|accessdate=8 September 2018}}</ref> * ''eccam'' - Malayalam<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://dsalsrv04.uchicago.edu/cgi-bin/app/gundert_query.py?qs=%E0%B4%8E%E0%B4%9A%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9A%E0%B4%82&searchhws=yes|title=A Malayalam and English dictionary|author=Gundert|first=Hermann|date=1872|accessdate=8 September 2018}}</ref> * Ọ bụ n'ihi na ọ bụ n'oge a ka a na-akpọ Odia<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://dsalsrv04.uchicago.edu/cgi-bin/app/praharaj_query.py?qs=%E0%AC%85%E0%AC%87%E0%AC%A3%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%A0%E0%AC%BE&searchhws=yes|title=Purnnacandra Odia Bhashakosha.|author=Praharaj|first=G. C.|date=1931–1940|accessdate=8 September 2018}}</ref> * [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji][[Asụsụ Maithili|Maithili]] * ''eṭho'' (এঠো) - Bengali * ''Maḍe'' (Kulu) - [[Asụsụ Tulu|Tulu]] == Iwu == <ref name=":5">Dundes p. 111</ref> A na-ewere Uchchhista dị ka ihe na-emetọ ikuku na ihe na-adịghị ọcha na okpukpe Hindu. Ndị Hindu na-ele Uchchhista anya na iwe. A na-ewere iri Uchchhista dị ka ihe ihere; ilu Kannada na-ekwu na ọ bụ nkịta na-eri Uchchhista. <ref name=":5" /> A na-ewere inye Uchchhista onye nọ n'ọkwá dị elu dị ka mkparị ya. Ndị mmadụ anaghị ejikarị mkpịsị aka ma ọ bụ efere emetụ ọnụ mmadụ n'ime mmiri, na-enye ma ọ bụ na-anabata nri. Mgbe ọ na-esi nri, onye na-esi ihe anaghị atọ ụtọ nri ma jiri otu arịa ahụ mee ka nri ahụ na-agagharị. Ozugbo ejiri arịa mee ka nri dị ụtọ, a na-etinye ya ka ọ sachaa ya. A na-ewere nri nke e ji mkpịsị aka na efere e ji eri nri dị ka Uchchhista. Mgbe ị na-ekerịta ma ọ bụ na-eri nri kpọrọ nkụ ma ọ bụ mkpụrụ osisi, a na-ekewa nri ahụ ka ọ ghara imerụ ya site na asọ mmadụ. N'ihi otu ihe ahụ, ndị Hindu anaghị aṅụkarị iko mmiri nke ibe ha. Na mbido narị afọ nke 20, ndị Hindu orthodox ejighị spoons ma ọ bụ forks na efere ígwè mee ihe n'ihi na ha emetụla ọnụ mmadụ aka ma si otú a enweghị ike iji ha mee ihe ọzọ dịka ha nọgidere na Uchchhista, ọ bụ ezie na a sachara ha. A na-ahọrọ efere akwụkwọ osisi a na-eji eme ihe otu ugboro; ndị Hindu na-eji mkpịsị aka ha na-eri nri, na-enweghị ite. ''Uchchhishta'' bụ ihe a na-anabata ka ndị mmadụ dị ala rie ya: ndị na-ejere mmadụ ozi, ndị nọ n'ọkwá dị ala, ndị arịrịọ na ụmụ anụmanụ. "Ndị a na-apụghị imetụ aka" gụnyere ndị na-elekọta ihe mkpofu mmadụ nke a na-eji ebi na ihe ndị fọdụrụnụ.<ref name=":3">Dundes p. 108</ref><ref name=":3" /> A na-ahụ iri Uchchhista mmadụ dị ka ihe ịrịba ama nke nrubeisi na ịnabata ịdị elu nke onye ahụ. Na India nke oge a, a na-eme ka iwu Uchchhista dị jụụ n'ọnọdụ mmekọrịta chiri anya nke di na nwunye ma ọ bụ ezinụlọ. Iri nri ''uchchhishta'' nke nwatakịrị site n'aka ndị mụrụ ya bụkwa ihe a na-anabata, ebe ọ bụ na a naghị ele nwatakịrị ahụ anya dị ka onye dị iche. Ndị nne na nna na-enyekarị ụmụaka nri site na efere nke ha. N'adịghị ka ihe ọjọọ ndị metụtara ya, iri ụdị Uchchhista ụfọdụ dị ka nke di site na nwunye, nke guru site na nwa akwụkwọ na nke àjà ma ọ bụ onyinye chi site na mmadụ niile, bụ ihe a na-akwanyere ùgwù nke ukwuu. Prasad, nri a na-enye chi ma bụrụ onye chi ahụ "eriri", a na-ewere ya mgbe ụfọdụ dị ka Uchchhista nke chi, dịka n'akụkụ ụfọdụ nke North India; Otú ọ dị n'oge ndị ọzọ dị ka n'akụkụ ndịda India, ntụnyere nke prasad dị nsọ na Uchchhista, bụ ihe a na-adịghị mma.<ref name=":4">{{Cite web|url=https://dsalsrv04.uchicago.edu/cgi-bin/app/biswas-bengali_query.py?qs=%E0%A6%9D%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%BE&searchhws=yes|title=Samsad Bengali-English dictionary. 3rd ed.|author=Biswas|first=Sailendra|date=2000|accessdate=8 September 2018}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFBiswas2000">Biswas, Sailendra (2000). [https://dsalsrv04.uchicago.edu/cgi-bin/app/biswas-bengali_query.py?qs=%E0%A6%9D%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%BE&searchhws=yes "Samsad Bengali-English dictionary. 3rd ed"]<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 September</span> 2018</span>.</cite></ref> A na-ewere di dị ka Chineke maka nwunye Hindu. N'ihi ya, nwunye ya nwere ike iri Uchchhista ya dị ka ihe ịrịba ama nke ịhụnanya na nrubeisi ya. Nwunye nwere ike iri otu akwụkwọ ahụ di ya nwere, mgbe o mechara. Di ahụ ga-ahapụ nri n'ime efere ya ka ọ rie, dị ka ihe nnọchianya nke ịhụnanya ya. A na-eme omenala a na mbụ n'oge alụmdi na nwunye.<ref name=":4">{{Cite web|url=https://dsalsrv04.uchicago.edu/cgi-bin/app/biswas-bengali_query.py?qs=%E0%A6%9D%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%BE&searchhws=yes|title=Samsad Bengali-English dictionary. 3rd ed.|author=Biswas|first=Sailendra|date=2000|accessdate=8 September 2018}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFBiswas2000">Biswas, Sailendra (2000). [https://dsalsrv04.uchicago.edu/cgi-bin/app/biswas-bengali_query.py?qs=%E0%A6%9D%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%BE&searchhws=yes "Samsad Bengali-English dictionary. 3rd ed"]<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 September</span> 2018</span>.</cite></ref> A na-ekwu na omume a na-egosi na ọ na-abanye n'ezinụlọ ọhụrụ ya. Ọ dịkwa mma ma ọ bụrụ na nwunye ahụ eri Uchchhista nke ndị ọgọ ya ma ọ bụ ụmụnne di ya. ''Apastamba Dharmasutra'' (1st-millennium BCE), mgbe ọ na-akọwa ụkpụrụ omume maka nwa akwụkwọ, na-ezo aka n'echiche nke ''uchchhishta''. N'oge ochie, nwa akwụkwọ ga-anọnyere onye nkuzi (guru) n'ụlọ onye nkuzi ahụ (Gurukula) ma mụta ihe. N'oge a, nwa akwụkwọ kwesịrị ịrịọ maka enyemaka maka ihe ọ ga-eri, nke ọ na-ekwesịghị iwere dị ka ''uchchhishta''. A na-enye nwa akwụkwọ iwu ka ọ ghara ịhapụ nri ọ bụla a na-erighị na efere ya, ya bụ, ịhapụghị ''uchchhishta''. Otú ọ dị, ọ bụrụ na ''uchchhishta'' ọ bụla fọdụrụ, ọ ga-eli ya, tụba ya na mmiri ma ọ bụ nye ya Shudra (onye si n'ọkwá dị ala). A na-enye nwa akwụkwọ iwu ka ọ rie ''uchchhishta'' nke guru ya, nke a na-ewere dị ka ihe dị nsọ dị ka onyinye àjà. Iri ''uchchhishta'' nke nna ma ọ bụ nwanne nwoke bụkwa ihe a na-anabata. ''Vasishtha Dharmasutra'' na-ele Uchchhista nke guru anya, nke ya na ọgwụ nke nwa akwụkwọ na-arịa ọrịa kwesịrị inwe. Na Guru Stotram, a na-ekwu na Guru bụ otu ihe na Trimurti, ya mere, maka nwa akwụkwọ ahụ, a na'ewere ya dị ka ịṅụ prasadam. [[Faịlụ:Kalighat_Matangi.jpg|thumb|A na-enye chi nwanyị Hindu Matangi nri ''uchchhishta'' taboo site n'aka onye na-efe ofufe na ọnọdụ ''uchchhishta'' na-adịghị ọcha, na-eji ọnụ na aka a na-asaghị.]] Akwụkwọ inye chi Hindu nri ma ọ bụ ofufe nke onye uchchhishta na ndị Hindu.  Otú ọ dị, a na-atụ aro ka a nye chi Touch Tantric Matangi nri uchchhishta, na steeti uchchhishta emetọ, na ihe oriri na-ọnụ na aka;  Matangi na-akpa ya na mmetọ na ndị a ịchụpụ ma iwu nke iwu pụtara mmadụ na ibe ya.[1]  A na-ekwukwa na chi ekiri ahụ n'ike ifo sitere na Shaktisamgama-tantram sitere na uchchhishta.  Chi di na nri nke Shiva-Parvati na Vishnu-Lakshmi tụbara nri n'ala mgbe ha na-eri nri.  Nwa chi anya si na uchchhishta bilie ma ike maka uchchhishta ha.  Chi ndị ahụ gọziri ya ma nye ya aha Uchchhishta-Matangi (Matangi). Mgbe a na-enye Matangi uchchhishta mmadụ, a na-ahụ chi ekiri Vimala uchchhishta chi nke chi Jagannath, ụdị Vishnu.  Vimala bụ ozi Tantric nke Jagannath na chi ihe na-eche Puri" id="mwAX4" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Jagannath Temple, Puri"> ìhè nsọ Jagannath, Puri - nnukwu ụlọ ndò nke chi ahụ. A na-ekwu na Vimala ka dị ndụ site na uchhhishta nke Jagannath, a na-enye nri na akwụkwọ nke Jagannath; a na-enye nri na akwụkwọ nke Jagannath, a na-enye nri na akwụkwọ.  dị ka Mahaprasad (prasad) . Akụkọ ifo na-akwado a nu  mere ka udo dị ya site n'ikwu na na Kali Yuga (oge a dị ka okwu Hindu si dị), ọ ga-ebi na Puri dị ka Vimala, ma rie ihe ndị na-edozi na nri ya kwa ụbọchị..<ref name="Bimala">{{Cite journal|author=Tripathy|first=Shrinibas|date=September 2009|title=Goddess Bimala at Puri|url=http://Odisha.gov.in/e-magazine/Odishareview/2009/September/engpdf/66-69.pdf|journal=Odisha Review|pages=66–69|accessdate=23 November 2012}}</ref> Na nsụgharị ndị ọzọ nke akụkọ Hindu Ramayana , Shabari, nwanyị bi n'oké ọhịa, bụ onye guru ya gwara ya ka ọ chere ọbịbịa nke chi Rama na ebe obibi ya.  Ọ na-anakọta mkpụrụ osisi ọhịa kwa ụbọchị na-atọ ha ụtọ otu ugboro maka utoojoo, na-edobe naanị ndị dị ụtọ ma na-atụfu ndị dị ilu ka o wee nye chi Rama naanị mkpụrụ osisi ụtọ, mgbe ọ na-eleta ya.  N'amaghị ama, tomato na-aghọ uchchhishta.  Ka oge na-aga, ọ na-aka otu agadi nwanyị.  Mgbe Rama mechara leta ebe obibi ya, Shabari na-enye ya mkpụrụ osisi uchchhishta.  Lakshmana, nwanne Rama, na-ekwu na adịghị ọcha nke mkpụrụ osisi uchchhishta, na-erughị eru iri.  Agbanyeghị, Rama na-anabata mkpụrụ osisi uchchhishta, ebe ha ji ịhụnanya na nraranye nye ya == Hụkwa == * Ụkpụrụ nke iri nri ndị India == Ihe edeturu == {{Reflist}} [[Otú:Pages with unreviewed translations]] t95qzoe5r25zq6x4pfhx4ptvn9xy17r 0 56282 643981 200996 2026-05-30T12:49:18Z Chiziqa 13055 Fixed reference error 643981 wikitext text/x-wiki uBhejane (mgbe ụfọdụ a na-akpọ uBhejane, Zulu maka "nkịta ojii") [1] ọgwụ nje South Africa nke a na-ere dị ka ngwaọrụ maka HIV / AIDS, nke a kọrọ na ọ bụ gọzie ewu ewu maka ahụ na South Africa.  Ọ bụ onye bụbu onye kwọọ Zeblon Gwala chepụtara ya, onye kwuru na echiche echiche maka echiche.[2]  Gwala na-adụ ndị ọrịa ya ọdụ ka ha pụọ ​​​​ubhejane kama ọgwụgwụ antiretroviral (ARVs), [1] na-ekwu na ọ bụ ebe na ubhejane na ARVs na-arụ ọrụ, ubhejane, n' Karin ka ARVs, ihe ike.[3]  A misalin nke a na-ere ubihejane n'ụzọ dị iche iche na $ 25 na $ 50 US dollar. <ref name="nattrass" /><ref name="sun2">{{Cite web|url=https://www.baltimoresun.com/2006/08/20/for-some-in-africa-its-magic-over-pills/|title=For some in Africa, it's 'magic' over pills|work=Baltimore Sun|date=20 August 2006|accessdate=6 March 2015|author=Calvert, Scott}}</ref> == Ihe ndị e ji mee ya == Ubhejane nwere ọgwụ mkpá akwụkwọ abụọ: a na-ere otu n'ime karama nwere okpu na-acha ọkụ, nke ọzọ n'ime nwera nke ọcha.  Ha bụ abụọ oji na mmiri n'ọdịdị.  Nke na-acha agha, dị ka Gwala si kwuo, na-alụso nje virus nke na-akpata ọrịa AIDS ogụ, a na-ekwukwa na nke ọzọ na-akụ usoro ahụ ji alụso ọrịa.[1]  Ubhejane nwere ihe mkpọfu 89, nke Gwala na-ekwu na ọ na-anakọta n'ahụ niile nke Africa ma jiri aka gwakọta ọnụ.[2]  Gwala bụ onye mmetụta na ọrịa AIDS bụ Dennis Sifris katọrọ maka ihe i butere ihe ndị na-eso ụzọ ubhejane..<ref name="sun2" /> == Nnyocha == N'afọ 2005, Gwala gakwuuru onye isi ụlọ akwụkwọ nke Mahadum KwaZulu-Natal ka ọ gwa ha ka ha mee nkwadebe nke ubhejane, mana o kwuru na ọ dị oke ngwa maka nke a, ma eme aro ịmecha chachacha kama.  Nsonaazụ nke ule ndị a na-agụ na ubejane Ezinụlọ ihe na-egbu egbu ndụ, nakwa na ọ na-egbu nje bacteria.[1]  Otu n'ime ndị na-abụ ubhejane, Herbert Vilakazi, kwuru na nchọcha a ịhụnanya na-egosi na ahụ dị, mana mahadum mechara wepụta na-ekwu na nke a see ikpe.<ref name="nattrass">{{Cite journal|author=Nattrass|first=N.|title=AIDS and the Scientific Governance of Medicine in Post-Apartheid South Africa|journal=African Affairs|date=16 February 2008|volume=107|issue=427|pages=157–176|doi=10.1093/afraf/adm087}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFNattrass2008">Nattrass, N. (16 February 2008). [[doi:10.1093/afraf/adm087|"AIDS and the Scientific Governance of Medicine in Post-Apartheid South Africa"]]. ''African Affairs''. '''107''' (427): <span class="nowrap">157–</span>176. [[Digital object identifier|doi]]:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible">[[doi:10.1093/afraf/adm087|10.1093/afraf/adm087]]</span>.</cite></ref> == Mmeghachi omume == === Nkwado === <ref name="sun1">{{Cite web|url=https://www.baltimoresun.com/2006/08/20/for-some-in-africa-its-magic-over-pills/|title=For some in Africa, it's 'magic' over pills|work=Baltimore Sun|date=20 August 2006|accessdate=6 March 2015|author=Calvert, Scott|pages=1}}</ref> Otu n'ime ndị a ma na-akwado ubhejane bụ Obere Mlaba, onye bụ onye isi obodo Durban n'afọ 2000, [1] yana onye bụbu minista South Africa Manto Tshabalala-Msimang.  [2] Gwala azaghachila nka site n'ikwu na ọ naghị ekwu na ubejane bụ nha maka HIV / AIDS, nakwa na ọ gwaghị onye ọ mgbasa n'ime ndị ọrịa ya ka ọ mụrụ ARVs. === Mmegide === N'afọ 2007, ndị Democratic Alliance Party nke South Africa rịọrọ ka ndị uwe ojii nyochaa Gwala, onye ọ kọwara dị ka "onye na-emepụta ọgwụgwọ azụ" na-emepụta "ọgwụ AIDS adịgboroja". <ref name="guardian">{{Cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2008/sep/15/matthiasrath.aids|title=No drugs, just take vitamins: the dangerous advice to cure HIV|work=The Guardian|date=14 September 2008|accessdate=2 March 2015|author=McGreal, Chris}}</ref> Ubhejane sokwa na-akpata ọdịda imeju, yana ịkpata mmepe nke ọgwụ mgbochi, na ụfọdụ ndị ọrịa weere ya. <ref name="nattrass">{{Cite journal|author=Nattrass|first=N.|title=AIDS and the Scientific Governance of Medicine in Post-Apartheid South Africa|journal=African Affairs|date=16 February 2008|volume=107|issue=427|pages=157–176|doi=10.1093/afraf/adm087}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFNattrass2008">Nattrass, N. (16 February 2008). [[doi:10.1093/afraf/adm087|"AIDS and the Scientific Governance of Medicine in Post-Apartheid South Africa"]]. ''African Affairs''. '''107''' (427): <span class="nowrap">157–</span>176. [[Digital object identifier|doi]]:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible">[[doi:10.1093/afraf/adm087|10.1093/afraf/adm087]]</span>.</cite></ref> == Ihe odide == {{Reflist|30em}} 93008lp9b3cnsj6ib2b0m339oj0o3lf 0 56283 643982 516128 2026-05-30T12:52:46Z Chiziqa 13055 Fixed reference error 643982 wikitext text/x-wiki   Ubaoner bụ aha onye majik oge ochie nke Egypt nke na-alụ na isi nke abụọ nke a kọrọ na Westcar Papyrus.   A na-ekwu na onye ọrụ ebube n'oge ndị eze (Fero) Nebka (chịchị nke atɔ). == Onye edemede == Ubaoner nwanne nwanne nke ndị ahụ nke abụọ nke Westcar Papyrus - ọ dịghị ihe ma ọlị ihe ochie ma ọ bụ ihe mere eme na ọ dị.  Ka o sina dị, ọ bụ ihe na-agọn nke ukwuu maka ndị Egyptologists, ebe ọ bụ na ike ya nwere njikọ na njikọ nke eze Nebka.  N'ahụ ahụ, a kaadị Ubaoner dị ka nnukwu onye odeakwụkwọ na-agụ akwụkwọ. == Ihe ijuanya nke Ubaoner == Dị ka Westcar Papyrus si kwuo, Ubaoner bụ nwunye nke ya raara ya nye ọtụtụ ugboro.  Ọ hụrụ onye nkịtị bi na Memphis na nzuzo na nzuzo ma na-ezigara ya uwe dị oke ọnụ na ihe ndị ọzọ.  Onye nkịtị na-abịa ileta nwunye Ubaoner wee sị ya: “Ọ̀ bụ na ọ dịghị ụlọ nkwakọba n’ọdọ mmiri?”[1] Nwunye ahụ sịrị: “Lee, ka anyị nọrọ oge n’ebe ahụ.”  Mgbe e mesịrị n'uhuruchi ahụ onye nkịtị na-ejere ya ozi, bụ́ onye na-ejere ya ozi, bụ́ onye na-eche ya n'ọdọ mmiri, kuru ya.  Onye na-elekọta Ubaoner nọkwa na-eche ebe ahụ, o wee sị onwe ya: “M ga-aga na Ubaoner.” [1] Mgbe ụbọchị abụọ gachara, onye nlekọta ahụ gwara Ubaoner ihe niile wee kwuo: “Lee, ọ bụ nwunye gị nọrọ otu ụbọchị n'ime pavilion gị;  ya na onye nkịtị ị maara.  Ọ bụ ịkwa iko ihe o mere, ugboro abụọ, n'ọdọ mmiri gị."[1] Mgbe ahụ, Ubaoner sịrị onye nlekọta: "Wetara m otu ụzọ [...][2] nke ebony na dja'am mere.  M ga-eke [...][2] ma zipụ ya ka ọ bụrụ ihe na-egbu egbu.  Ọ na-eji okwu ndị a merụọ ihe oyiyi ahụ ma nye ya onye na-elekọta ya: “Mgbe ọ bịara ime onwe ya ka ọ dị ọcha n’ime ọdọ mmiri, onye nkịtị a, mgbe ahụ, ị ​​pụrụ ịtụfe agụ iyi a e ji wax mee ihe n’azụ ya.” [1] Onye nlekọta ahụ mere otú ahụ e nyere ya iwu wee chere ruo echi.  N’ụtụtụ echi, nwunye Ubaoner nyere onye nlekọta ahụ iwu, sị: “Ka edozie ụlọ ntu dị n’ọdọ mmiri ahụ, n’ihi na m ga-anọdụ ala n’ime ya.” [1] Mgbe ahụ, ya na onye nkịtị na-anọ ụbọchị ahụ dum n’ime pavilion ahụ.  Mgbe e mesịrị na mgbede ahụ, onye nkịtị na-ahapụ pavilion ahụ iji saa ahụ na ọdọ mmiri ahụ.  Onye na-elekọta ya na-atụba ihe oyiyi wax ngwa ngwa n'azụ onye ọbịbịa na mgbe arụsị ahụ metụrụ mmiri ahụ na-aghọ ezigbo agụ iyi dị ndụ 3.70m n'ogologo.  Anụ ahụ na-erichapụ onye nkịtị wee pụọ n'ime omimi nke ọdọ mmiri ruo ụbọchị asaa.  N'ime ụbọchị asaa ndị a Fero Nebka na-anabata Ubaoner maka ndị na-ege ntị dị mkpa.  Mgbe ndị na-ege ntị Ubaoner na-akpọ Nebka ka ọ gaa n'ụlọ ya na okwu ndị a: "Ka ebube gị gaa n'ihu ma hụ ihe ebube mere n'oge ebube gị [...][2] onye nkịtị."[1]  Nebka na Ubaoner na-aga n'ọdọ mmiri ebe Ubaoner nyere iwu ka agụ iyi si na mmiri pụta ma hapụ onye nkịtị.  Mgbe eze Nebka hụrụ na o kwuru, sị: "Agụ iyi a dị ize ndụ!"[1] Ma Ubaoner hulatara ala metụ agụ iyi ahụ ozugbo ọ ghọrọ ihe oyiyi wax ọzọ.  Mgbe ahụ, Ubaoner na-enye Nebka akụkọ banyere ihe ndị ahụ.  Nebka gwara agụ iyi, sị: “Wepụ ihe bụ nke gị!”[1] anụmanụ ahụ jidere onye nkịtị wee pụọ n’anya.  Nwunye nke Ubaoner ka a kpọbatara na Nebka, ma Fero mara ya ikpe ọnwụ.  A kpọbatara ya n’ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ nke obí eze wee kpọọ ya ọkụ na ndụ.  A na-atụba ntụ ya n’ime osimiri Naịl.<ref name=VeLe>Verena M. Lepper: ''Untersuchungen zu pWestcar. Eine philologische und literaturwissenschaftliche (Neu-)Analyse''. In: ''Ägyptologische Abhandlungen'', Band 70. Harrassowitz, Wiesbaden 2008, {{ISBN|3-447-05651-7}}, page 35 – 41 & 308 – 310.</ref> == Nnyocha nke oge a == Adolf Erman na Kurt Heinrich Sethe weere na Westcar Papyrus dị ka omenala.  Ha aha ndị edemede dị ka Djadjaemankh na ndị dike ndị ọzọ nke Westcar Papyrus dị ka edidi ifo dị ọcha, nke e kere maka nna, ebe ọ bụ na akara ihe e gwupụtara n'ala ha hụ. Ndị Egyptologist nke oge a dị ka Verena Lepper na Miriam Lichtheim na-agọnahụ echiche a ma na-arụ ụka, na Sethe na Erman nwere ike ghara ịhụ akwụkwọ nke akwụkwọ ndị dị otú ahụ.  Ha mgbaàmà na ndị Ubaoner na-egosi ikpe ochie nke ike iko site na sako na-egosi maka nke ahụ n'oge nchekwa Ochie (n' ike a ọ bụ ntaramahụwarị ).  Ọzọkwa, ọ na-enye ìhè dị mma na ebe eze Nebka.  A na-egosi eze ahụ dị ka onye ọka ikpe siri ike ma bụrụ nke iwu ike;  ọ na-ata dị maka omume ihe na Omume na-ahụ mma, n'okwu a, ịgba egwu Ubaoner mgba okpuru.  ihe na nke a, Lepper na Lichtheim na-ezo aka n'ọtụtụ ihe odide ndị Ijipt oge ochie yiri ya ma ọ dịtụ mma mgbe e ofufe ebe ndị majik na-eme ihe yiri ya.  Dị ka ndị Egyptologists si kwuo, ndị ha doro anya sitere n'ike Ubaoner.  Ebe ọ bụ na ha na-egosi otu ụzọ nke ikwu okwu na ịha nhata nke ndị dị iche iche dị ka Westcar Papyrus na-eme, Lepper na Lichtheim tara na Ubaoner (na ndị ọzọ mara ihe sitere n'otu papyrus ahụ) ga-- መሪ na ndị edemede mara Ubaoner ogologo oge. == Ihe odide == {{Reflist|30em}} == Njikọ mpụga == * [http://www.cs.st-andrews.ac.uk/~mjn/egyptian/texts/corpus/pdf/Westcar.pdf Ntụgharị na ntụgharị nke Papyrus Westcar (Berlin Papyrus 3033) n'asụsụ Bekee site na ntụgharị A. M. Blackman (1988)] (PDF-File) * [https://web.archive.org/web/20190321014835/http://www.reshafim.org.il/ad/egypt/texts/westcar_papyrus.htm Ubaoner na Papyrus Westcar na ''reshafim.org''] sowuelpy1nlzr8up9ri5npu7jbkzd5a 0 56591 644285 202769 2026-05-30T20:22:12Z Neme244 16387 added DEFAULTSORT 644285 wikitext text/x-wiki Emmanuel Chukwuma // ⓘ bụ archbishọp Anglican na Nigeria.[1] A họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ bishọp nke Dayọsis Enugu, na achịbishọp nke Anglican Province nke Enugwu n'afọ 2014. <ref>{{Cite web|date=April 30, 2020|title=Igbo leadership in shambles — Archbishop Chukwuma|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2020/04/igbo-leadership-in-shambles-archbishop-chukwuma/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Ecclesiastical Province of Enugu &#124; Church of Nigeria (Anglican Communion)|url=https://anglican-nig.org/our-provinces/ecclesiastical-province-of-enugu/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://guardian.ng/tag/emmanuel-chukwuma/|title=Emmanuel Chukwuma Archives}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2017-02-21|title=60th Birthday Thanksgiving Service And 25th Year Of Episcopacy Of The Most Rev. Emmanuel Chukwuma (Archbishop Elect Of Enugu Province) – Church of Nigeria|url=https://anglican-nig.org/60th-birthday-thanksgiving-service-and-25th-year-of-episcopacy-of-the-most-rev-emmanuel-chukwuma-archbishop-elect-of-enugu-province/|accessdate=2021-03-04|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170221105531/https://anglican-nig.org/60th-birthday-thanksgiving-service-and-25th-year-of-episcopacy-of-the-most-rev-emmanuel-chukwuma-archbishop-elect-of-enugu-province/|archivedate=2017-02-21}}</ref> A mụrụ Chukwuma n'Asaba na 15 Jenụarị afọ 1954. Mgbe ọ gachara ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị, ọ zụrụ ka ọ bụrụ onye nkuzi. Ọ gụchara akwụkwọ na Theology na Immanuel College of Theology, Ibadan. Echiri ya n’afọ 1981 wee jee ozi na Ụka ​​Christ, Ibadan. Ọ rụkwara ọrụ dịka Ụkọchukwu nye Archbishọp nke Naijiria, Timothy Olufosoye, onye mbụ Primate nke Ụka Nigeria; Vicar nke St. Paul, Ibadan; na dika Bishọp Bauchi..<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.worldanglican.com/nigeria/enugu/the-church-of-nigeria-anglican-communion/the-rt-revd-emmanuel-chukwuma|title=The Rt Revd Emmanuel Chukwuma on World Anglican Clerical Directory|work=World Anglican Clerical Directory}}</ref> A họpụtara ya dị ka Achịbishọp nke [[Enụgwụ|Enugu]] na 11th General Synod nke Chọọchị Naịjirịa, nke emere na Cathedral Church of the Good Shepherd, Enugu, na Septemba 2014. <ref>{{Cite web|title=THIRD-SESSION-OF-THE-7TH-SYNOD pp38-39|url=http://www.adonsk.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/THIRD-SESSION-OF-THE-7TH-SYNOD.pdf|accessdate=2025-03-06|archivedate=2022-06-26|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220626104430/https://adonsk.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/THIRD-SESSION-OF-THE-7TH-SYNOD.pdf}}</ref> == Ihe edeturu == {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Chukwuma, Emmanuel}} [[Otú:Ndị Igbo]] [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] k4uehm4xjj4jxd3dowy2a0cpk09mio6 0 56698 644233 630681 2026-05-30T19:42:14Z Wikipedian12512(alt) 61413 ce 644233 wikitext text/x-wiki .  Nicholas Evans ( ndụ n'afọ 1956) bụ onye Australia na-amụ na onye na-akpa na Asụsụ ndị nọ n'ihe ize.  Ụlọ ọrụ na Los Angeles. O nwere Ph.D.  na Site Linguistics na Mahadum Mba Australia (ANU), ọ bụ Onye isi nke Ngalaba Linguistics na Prọfesọ Pụrụ Iche na School of Culture, History and Language na College of Asia and the Pacific na ANU.  N'oge gara aga, o nwere oche nke onwe ya na Ngalaba Linguistics na Applied Linguistics Na Mahadum Melbourne. Ihe akara ya play Asụsụ ndị Aborigine Australia, aha Papuan, Ụdị, ime ihe mere eme na-eche, semantics, na ụgbọ nke akara na edi.  Ọ bụ ọrụ na Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies na 2003 maka ụlọ akwụkwọ Celtic Studies .  [1] Ihe ndị a na-anya n'oge na-adịbeghị anya n'ime ụzọ dị iche si akwado nkwado mmadụ na ibe ya (ya na Alan Rumsey na ndị ọzọ);  ọrụ ubi na-aga n'ihu na ọrụ Aboriginal dị iche iche nke Northern Australia (Dalabon, Iwaidja, Marrku, Bininj Kunwok, Kayardild);  Papuan (Nen, Idi), na-arụ ọrụ na omenala abụ-asụsụ dị n'ihe ize ndụ nke Western Arnhem Land (ya na Allan Marett, Linda Barwick na Murray Garde), na-arụ nke usoro coevolutionary nke ihe-enye na omenala, edi.  Na mgbakwunye na egwuregwu ya, ọzuru ọrụ ndị ọzọ na obodo Ndị Aborigine Australia n'ụdị dị iche iche, achọpụta na ndị na-eme ndị anthropologist na Native Title claim, na ide nka ọhụrụ nke ndị na-ese ihe si Bentinck Island na- chọta.   <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2020)">citation needed</span>]]''&#x5D;</sup> Evans bịanyere [[Nkwuputa N'asụsụ Dị N'Otu|aka na akara maka akara nke Ndị Croatia, Ndị Serbia, Ndị Bosnia na Ndị Montenegro na 2017]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Deklaracija o zajedničkom jeziku|url=https://jezicinacionalizmi.com/lista-potpisnika/|accessdate=2024-05-21|work=Jezici i nacionalizmi}}</ref> == Onyinye na nsọpụrụ == A nyocha Evans ka ọ bụrụ Fellow nke Australian Academy of the Humanities na 1996. [1] N'afọ 2013, e nyere ya Australian Laureate Fellowship.. <ref name="laureate">{{Cite news|url=http://news.anu.edu.au/2013/07/11/arc-project-grant-success/|title=ARC project grant success|date=11 July 2013|accessdate=22 January 2018|work=[[Australian National University]]}}</ref> == Ọrụ ndị a họọrọ == * [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Okwu na-anwụ anwụ: Asụsụ ndị nọ n'ihe ize ndụ na ihe ha ga-agwa anyị, John Wiley & Sons. .  * Evans, Nicholas na Stephen C. Levinson (2009) "Akụkọ ifo nke asụsụ zuru ụwa ọnụ: Ụdị asụsụ dị iche iche na mkpa ya maka sayensị ọgụgụ isi". Akparamàgwà na ụbụrụ sayensị 32 (5). *   * [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] "Asụsụ Australia A tụgharịrị Anya: Nnyocha nke Dixon (2002) ". Oceanic Linguistics 44 (1), peeji nke 242-286.&nbsp; * Evans, Nicholas (ed.) (2003). ''Asụsụ ndị na-abụghị ndị Pama-Nyungan nke ugwu Australia: ọmụmụ ihe nke mpaghara kachasị mgbagwoju anya na kọntinent ahụ.'' Canberra: Asụsụ Pacific. peeji nke x + 513. * [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] ''Bininj Gun-wok: ụtọ asụsụ pan-dialectal nke Mayali, Kunwinjku na Kune.'' (2 mpịakọta). Canberra: Asụsụ Pacific. * Evans, Nicholas na Hans-Jürgen Sasse (ed) (2002). ''Nsogbu nke Polysynthesis.'' Berlin: Akademie Verlag. [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] * [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] "Ndị Aborigine na-asụ asụsụ mbụ". N'ime: Bauer, Laurie; Trudgill, Peter. Language Myths, Penguin Books, peeji nke 159-168.  &nbsp; [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/978-0-141-93910-0|978-0-141-93910-0]].&nbsp; * {{Cite book|editor=McConvell|year=1997|title=Archaeology and Linguistics: Aboriginal Australia in Global Perspective|publisher=Oxford University Press Australia|location=Melbourne|isbn=0-19-553728-9}} * [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] A Grammar nke Kayardild. Berlin: Nwa atụrụ Gruyter. == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * [http://asiapacific.anu.edu.au/people/personal/evann_ling.php Prọfesọ Nicholas Evans - Ndị nchọpụta - ANU], anu.edu.au. * [https://web.archive.org/web/20130410223328/http://chl.anu.edu.au/linguistics/projects/sng_project Asụsụ nke Southern New Guinea - SNG Project], anu.edu.au. * {{Cite web|title=Evans, Nicholas (1956-) [search]|work=Trove|publisher=National Library of Australia|url=https://trove.nla.gov.au/search?keyword=exact_creator%3A%22Evans,%20Nicholas%20%281956-%29%22}} [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Ndị bịanyere aka na Nkwupụta N'asụsụ Dị N'Otu]] 6t1a348k0zi0852cqw0i2ecl8dmimxc 0 56718 644227 201639 2026-05-30T19:40:10Z Wikipedian12512(alt) 61413 ce 644227 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Hans Pauli''' (floruit 1570) bụ onye mọnk Bridgettine nke Sweden na onye a na-ebo ebubo na ọ bụ onye dibịa afa, na-arụsi ọrụ ike dị ka onye na-achụpụ ndị mmụọ ọjọọ na onye na-emegide ndị dibịa afa. Pauli bụbu onye mọnk nke usoro Bridgettine na ebe obibi ndị nọn nke Vadstena Abbey. Mgbe e mechibidoro ebe obibi ndị Sweden na 1527, ndị nọn na ndị mọnk, ọ bụ ezie na a na-ahapụ ha ka ha nọrọ ma ọ bụrụhaala na ha anabataghị ndị ọhụrụ ọ bụla n'usoro ahụ, na-ahapụkarị ebe obibi ochie ha, karịsịa ndị nwoke nke iwu (ndị nọn mbụ na-anọkarị). E kesara ngalaba ndị nwoke na ebe obibi ndị nọn Vadstena na 1555. E nwetara ndị mọnk ndị a aha ọjọọ n’ihi na ha na-eme njem gburugburu ndị ka kweere n’àgwà ochie ndị Katọlik, na-akụziri ndị Katọlik ekpere ochie n’etiti ndị mmadụ dị ka mgbaasị. Eze Gustav Vasa mere mkpesa banyere ndị mọnk a na-ejegharị ejegharị. Hans Pauli esiwo n'ebe obibi ndị nọn ya nọrọ afọ ise n'obodo ochie ya dị na Bergslagen, bụ ebe o mere onwe ya aha site n'ịgwọ ọrịa ndị mmadụ site n'ịgba afa. A gorokwa ya n'ọrụ maka ịchụpụ anụ ahụ na dịka onye na-emegide ọbụbụ ọnụ na anwansi ojii. Na 1554, e jidere ya ma tụọ ya mkpọrọ na Hämeenlinna na Finland. Otú ọ dị, ọ dị ka a tọhapụrụ ya, ebe ọ na-arụsi ọrụ ike dị ka onye dibịa afa na Sweden afọ iri na isii ka e mesịrị. N'otu oge a ma ama na 1570, e goro ya n'ọrụ iji wepụ ọbụbụ ọnụ ahụ e chere na a na-etinye ya na ebe a na-egwupụta ọlaọcha na Sala na Berglagen. Mgbe ebe a na-egwupụta ihe n'ime ala kpọrọ nkụ nwa oge n'otu oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ, onye na-ahụ maka iwu degaara eze akwụkwọ na nkọwa na ndị dibịa afa a na-amaghị ama kpatara ya, a kpọkwara Hans Pauli n'ọrụ iji mee anwansi ọcha iji gbochie anwansi ọjọọ ma wepụ ọbụbụ ọnụ nke ebe a na'ime ala. Hans Pauli mechara kọwaa omume ya na otu esi were ya n'ọrụ:<blockquote>"N'oge m bi n'ugwu ọla kọpa, achọtara m n'etiti akwụkwọ ochie obere akwụkwọ nke aha ya bụ Consecratio majoris salis et aquae contra Daemoniacas infestatones ("nnukwu ọgwụgwọ na nnu na mmiri megide nchekasị ndị mmụọ ọjọọ"); Amalitere m iji ya mee ihe n'ebe ndị bịara n'okpuru ihe ọjọọ, karịsịa n'abalị, mgbe ha hapụrụ ebe a na-egwupụta ọlaọcha nke Eze ya mebiri emebi, na onye na-agbachitere m jụrụ m, ọ maara ọgwụgwọ n'oge na-adịghị anya wee chụpụ ya n'oge niile.</blockquote>Ọtụtụ n'ime ụmụ nwanyị ndị a na-ebo ebubo na ha na-eme amoosu n'oge nnukwu njem nyocha nke Achịbishọp Abraham Angermannus na 1596-1597 kwuru na ha amụtala ọgwụ ha na ọrụ ahụike ha site n'aka ndị bụbu ndị mọnk dịka Hans Pauli. == Edemsibia == 7bi4jkulaxskdqqs596696adna4birg 0 56787 644558 393234 2026-05-31T07:03:34Z Nachi kim 20090 Fixed reference error 644558 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Cabinet of Folksongs ma ọ bụ Cabinet of dainas ":"ref","attrs":{"":"UNESCO"},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-UNESCO-1","html":"<span typeof="\&quot;mw:Transclusion\&quot;" data-mw="\&quot;{&quot;&quot;:&quot;" data-ve-no-generated-contents="\&quot;true\&quot;" id="\&quot;mwfg\&quot;">&nbsp;</span>"}' id="cite_ref-UNESCO_1-0" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref">[1] (La bụ 1) in) ogologo, 66 cm (26 in) ekpe, na 42 cm (17 in) omimi, ebe a na-echekwa abụ ọdịnala Latvian niile (dainas) nke onye Latvian folklorist Krišjānis Barons chị Ebe nchekwa UNESCO nke ndebanye aha ụwa. Kọmitii ahụ nwere akwụkwọ ndị na-echekwa ọdịnala na nkọwa ndị ọzọ gbasara agbụrụ Latvian tupu oge Ndị Kraịst.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|title=Memory of the World: The Treasures That Record our History from 1700 BC to the Present Day|publisher=[[UNESCO Publishing]]|year=2012|isbn=978-92-3-104237-9|edition=1st|location=Paris|pages=374-375}}</ref> == Akụkọ ihe mere eme == Barons na-egosi abụ ọdịnala na 1868 (ma ọ bụ 1878) na ngosi nke igosi "na-ederede Latvia n'ikiri ya ochie ochie nwere uru dịka nke mba ndị ọzọ".  E wuru ụlọ ọrụ ahụ na Moscow na 1880 ma dabere na akwụkwọ Barons.[1][2]  N'ihi ọnụ ọgụgụ abụ ọdịnala e ndị mmadụ Barons, a na-ewere ụlọ ọrụ ahụ dị ka ihe dị mkpa.  Tupu e mechaa kọbọd ahụ, a na-echekwa abụ folk n'ime igbe akwụkwọ siga.[2]  Mgbe ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ederede ruru 150,000 na 1893, Barons na ọrụ ya si Moscow si Latvia..<ref name="folkloras">{{Cite web|url=http://en.lfk.lv/collection/folksong-cabinet#:~:text=OR%20DAINU%20SKAPIS-,THE%20CABINET%20OF%20FOLKSONGS%20OR%20DAINU%20SKAPIS,of%20Latvian%20folksongs%20in%201878.&text=This%20piece%20of%20furniture%20widely,editor%20%E2%80%94%20Kri%C5%A1j%C4%81nis%20Barons%20%E2%80%94%20himself.|title=The Cabinet Of Folksongs Or Dainu Skapis|publisher=Archives of Latvian folklore|accessdate=July 30, 2020}}</ref> .Mgbe onye dere ya nwụsịrị, e debere kọmitii ahụ n'ihe nkwakọba ihe.[1]  A kwagara ya na Archives of Latvian Folklore na 1940, na Literature, Folklore, and Art Institute nke Latvian Academy of Sciences na 1945, na Literature of Folklore and Art Institute of the University of Latvia na 1999, na ụlọ nke National Library of Latvia na 2014.[2][2]  Tupu a kwaga ya na National Library ma tinye ya n'ihu ọha, e nyere Cabinet of Folksongs akwụkwọ maka otu nde euro.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://eng.lsm.lv/article/culture/culture/daina-closet-insured-for-a-million-euros.a96063/|title='Daina cabinet' insured for a million euros|publisher=[[Public Broadcasting of Latvia]]|date=August 27, 2014|accessdate=May 22, 2020}}</ref> Cabinet of Folksongs nwere otu na Krišjānis Barons Memorial Museum na otu ọzọ n'ime ụlọ Stankevich na Russia, ebe Barons malitere ịrụ ọrụ na dainas. N'afọ 1998, a malitere ịdebanye ọdịnaya nke Cabinet na ọdịnaya ya dị kpamkpam n'ịntanetị kemgbe afọ 2006. <ref name="folkloras"/> N'afọ 2001, a na-akpọ Cabinet of Folksongs na UNESCO Memory of the World Register . <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.unesco.org/new/en/communication-and-information/memory-of-the-world/register/full-list-of-registered-heritage/registered-heritage-page-2/dainu-skapis-cabinet-of-folksongs/|title=Dainu Skapis - Cabinet of Folksongs|publisher=[[UNESCO]]|accessdate=May 22, 2020}}</ref> == Nkọwa == Kabinet nwere drawer 73 nke nha dị iche iche juputara na mpempe akwụkwọ na-atụ  .[1] Nnukwu drawer atọ nke kabinet dị n'okpuru ebe nchekwa ihe.  The Cabinet of Folksongs nwere peeji 268,815 nwere akara anọ ruo ahịrị 8, yana ederede ndị ọzọ dị ka ilu, ilu,[2] "ọdịnala, omenala, nkọwa egwuregwu, [na] anwansi anwansi.".<ref name=":0"/> == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}} 0jozf3g7f2roml7o6e52ot3zzez7szh 0 56848 644456 201810 2026-05-31T03:24:17Z Goodymeraj 16207 /* */ fixed reference error 644456 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faịlụ:Image_from_page_485_of_"Bulletin"_(1901).jpg|thumb|Ịsa nkume, usoro ụmụ amaala nke ime mmiri na ofe]] Ịsa nkume bụ usoro isi nri na-ekpo ọkụ. Ọ na-agụnye itinye nkume na-ekpo ọkụ n'ime akpa jupụtara na mmiri iji mee ka mmiri na-ekwo ọkụ ruo n'ókè a ga-eji sie ya.<ref name="Nelson 2010">{{Cite journal|author=Nelson|first=Kit|date=June 2010|title=Environment, Cooking Strategies and Containers|journal=Journal of Anthropological Archaeology|volume=29|issue=2|pages=238–247|doi=10.1016/j.jaa.2010.02.004}}</ref>: p. 240 Usoro a nke ịkwadebe nri bụ usoro na-eji mmanụ eme ihe ma na-achọkarị okpomọkụ na okpomọkụ nke nkume tupu mmiri eruo okpomọkụ dị irè.<ref name="Benison 1999">{{Cite journal|author=Benison|first=Christopher|date=October 1, 1999|title=Burned Rock Complexes, Baked Clay Objects, Steatite, and Ceramics: Evolutionary Implications for Plains/Eastern Woodlands Cooking Technologies|journal=North American Archaeologist|volume=20|issue=4|pages=287–317|doi=10.2190/DDMQ-H4K7-V9RG-4LM9}}</ref>: p. 296 <ref name="Brink 2003">{{Cite journal|author=Brink|first=Jack|date=May 2003|title=Hot Rocks as Scarce Resources: The Use, Re-Use and Abandonment of Heating Stones at Head-Smashed-In Buffalo Jump|journal=Plains Anthropologist|volume=48|issue=186|pages=85–104|doi=10.1080/2052546.2003.11949298}}</ref>: p. 93  Ụmụ amaala bi n'ebe bụ ugbu a Canada na United States of America, karịsịa n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ na Northwest Coast, ji nkume esi.[1]: p.  93 [2]: p.  229  Isi nri n'ụzọ a na-enye ohere ka a na-achịkwa okpomọkụ nke mere ka mmịpụta abụba na mmanụ dị mfe ma na-enye ohere inwetakwu ihe oriri na mmanụ ndị dị otú ahụ.[1]: p.  93 [3]: nb.  296  296  Ojiji mbụ nke ụmụ amaala ji nkume esi mmiri, dabere na ihe gwupụtara n'ihe mgbe ochie na Northern Plains, bụ ụbọchị 4800 gara aga.[4]: p.  580 [5] Agbanyeghị, ojiji ya bịara bụrụ nke a ma ama n'etiti 250 O.A.  na 1750 O.A.;  Brian Reeves, prọfesọ nke nkà mmụta ihe omimi na nkà mmụta ihe ochie na Mahadum Calgary, rụrụ ụka na nke a bụ n'ihi mkpa ọ dị inye ọnụ ọgụgụ na-abawanye ụba.[4]: p.  580 [5] <ref name="Reeves 1990">{{Cite journal|author=Reeves|first=Brian|date=1990|title=Communal Bison Hunters of the Northern Plains|journal=Hunters of the Recent Past|pages=168–194}}</ref> == Ihe onwunwe == === Ihe ndị dị n'elu ala === Arịa nri dị n'elu ala nke a na-eji esi nkume nwere: nkata ụgbụgbọ osisi na akpa ụgbụ; ite ite; yana ụkwụ anụmanụ na akpụkpọ anụ.<ref name="Braun 2010">{{Cite journal|author=Braun|first=Gregory|date=2010|title=Technological Choices: Ceramic Manufacture and Use at the Antrex Site (AjGv-38)|journal=Ontario Archaeology|volume=89/90|pages=69–96}}</ref>: p. 93 <ref name="Brink 2003" />: p. 89 <ref name="Driver 1957">{{Cite journal|author=Driver|first=Harold|date=1957|title=Comparative Studies of North American Indians|journal=Transactions of the American Philosophical Society|volume=47|issue=2|pages=165–456|doi=10.2307/1005714}}</ref>: p. 231 E nwere ọbụna ihe atụ nke obere ụgbọ mmiri a na-eji dị ka akpa nri na Northwest Coast maka nkwadebe nke abụba whale.<ref name="Driver 1957" /> [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji]: p. 231  Ojiji nường nại nhại na-eji ụdị akpa dị n’elu ala dabere ihe onwunwe ha: p.243 Dịka ọmụmaatụ, Harold E. Driver, onye bụ prọfesọ nke nkà mmụta ihe ọmụmụ na Mahadum Indiana, na William Clifford Massey, onye bụkwa onye prọfesọ gbasara mmadụ na Mahadum Washington, gwara anyị gbasara ndị mbụ bi na Northwest Coast nke ọwụwa anyanwụ Canada.[2]: p.  231 Otú ọ dị, ọ bụrụ na ị họrọ ime ya, ị gaghị enwe ike ime ya.[1]: p.  243 [2]: p.  231 N’akụkụ ọwụwa anyanwụ nke Canada, n’etiti ụfọdụ ndị Haudenosaunee, e nwere nnukwu ụlọ apịtị nwere nnukwu mgbidi na mgbidi nkume.  [3] 93 Ọ bụ ezie na mgbidi dị otú a na-enye gị ohere ikpuchi ahụ gị, Gregory Braun, prọfesọ nke nkà mmụta ihe ọmụmụ na Mahadum Toronto, kwuru na ọ dị mkpa ịkwado ọdịdị akpa ahụ, n'ihi ịdị arọ nke nkume.  89  === Ihe ndị dị n'okpuru ala === Jack W. Brink, onye nlekọta nke Royal Alberta Museum, na Bob Dawe, onye na-ahụ maka Royal Albert Museum, gwara m na ndị na-eji olulu mmiri na-esi ísì mmiri n'okpuru ala na ifufe nke na-eme ka nkume dị jụụ, na mmiri na-ekpo ọkụ ka usoro mmanụ ahụ dịkwuo njọ ma dị njọ: p.89 I Head-Smashed-Na Buffalo Jump na Alberta, Canada, n'ime akpa akpụkpọ anụ.  [Ihe e dere n'ala ala pagi]: p.  89  === Nkume ===  Ojiji nước nường na-eji sựm esi nri include sống sốm n'ime n'ọ nạn ị ị ị tupu ebufee sựm ọu na akpa mới dị nso site na Điji Đi Đi forked: p.  296 [2]: p.  93 A ga-ewepụ okwute ndị ahụ na saịtị ahụ ma tinye osisi ndị nwere oghere n'akụkụ ebe ahụ.  [3]: p.  90 [4]: ​​nke.  32 [5]: p.  449 Nkume ndị a na-eji esi nkume na-abụkarị ndị dị ka aka.<ref name="Brink 2003" />: p. 96 <ref name="Oetelaar 2016">{{Cite journal|author=Oetelaar|first=Gerald Anthony|date=February 2016|title=Evidence of cultural responses to the impact of the Mazama ash fall from deeply stratified archaeological sites in southern Alberta, Canada.|journal=Quaternary International|volume=394|pages=17–36|doi=10.1016/j.quaint.2014.08.015}}</ref>: p. 32 Nke a bụ n'ihi na okpomọkụ nke obere nkume nwere ike ịnyefe erughị ihe ndị achọrọ iji ruo okpomọkụ dị otú ahụ. N'ihi ya, ozugbo nkume dị obere karịa 10 cm na akụkụ ọ bụla, a tụfuru ya.<ref name="Brink 2003" /> [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji]&nbsp;: p. 96  Ihe mere nkume ga-eji gbajie bụ n'ihi na ha na-eme ugboro ugboro, usoro nke nwere ike ime ka nkume dị ọkụ karịa 500 °C.<ref name="Thoms 2009">{{Cite journal|author=Thoms|first=Alston|date=March 2009|title=Rocks of ages: propagation of hot-rock cookery in western North America|journal=Journal of Archaeological Science|volume=36|issue=3|pages=573–591|doi=10.1016/j.jas.2008.11.016}}</ref>&nbsp;: p. 575 <ref>{{Cite journal|author=Robertson|first=David|date=2001|title=Mourning, Curing, Feasting or Industry? The Interpretation of the Quinte and Perch Lake Mounds|journal=Ontario Archaeology|volume=72|pages=38–63}}</ref> Na Head-Smashed-In Buffalo Jump, ọ dịghị nkume ọ bụla a hụrụ mgbe oge asatọ nke igwu ala gasịrị, nke dị ka Jack W. Brink na Bob Dawe si kwuo na a na-eji nkume ahụ eme ihe ọzọ. <ref name="Brink 2003" />: p. 95 Brink na Maazị Dawe na-eche na nkume ndị a na-ekwu okwu ha sitere n'osimiri dị nso, ha na-ejikarị nkume na-esi ísì karịa sandstone dịnụ n'ihi na nkume osimiri ahụ ga-eji nwayọọ nwayọọ na-ekpo ọkụ ma na-ebufe okpomọkụ ha na-eji nwayọọ na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ihe ka mma maka isi nri.<ref name="Brink 2003" />: p. 93  == Ojiji == === Ebumnuche ===  Ndị bi n’obodo ahụ na-amịpụta mmanụ nut, mmanụ ọkpụkpụ, na-amịkwa mmanụ nut. p.243 p.90 Ọ bụ ezie na usoro a na-eji mmanụ eme ihe, nkume ahụ na-esi ísì ụtọ, dị ka Gerald Anthony Oetelaar, prọfesọ nke nkà mmụta ihe omimi na nkà mmụta ihe ochie na Mahadum Calgary, na Alwynne B. Beaudoin, onye nlekọta nke Royal Alberta Museum, a na-ebelata nrụgide nke ọnụ ọgụgụ na-arịwanye elu nke ndị mmadụ ka e wee nwee ike ịchọta ihe ndị ọzọ site na saịtị ndị ọzọ na-adịghị ugbu a.[2] : p.  90 [3]: p.  21 Ụlọ ọrụ mmanụ, karịsịa, na-ekere òkè dị mkpa na akụ na ụba nke mpaghara, bụ ebe a na-emepụta pemmican.[3]: p.  17 Pemmican bụ ngwaahịa kacha mkpa nke ahịa.[4]: p.  580 === Ebe ndị a na-anọ === A na-eji isi nkume eme ihe n'ofe North America, karịsịa n'etiti ndị West na Northwest Coast.[1]: p.  229  Ụmụ amaala bi n'etiti 33- na 58-degrees latitude, na 100- na 130-degrees longitude na-ejikọta ya na iji nkume esi esi na Kit Nelson, prọfesọ nke anthropology na Tulane University, nlereanya nke 152 "omenala otu" nke sitere na isi atọ nke North: the Indian Database of Indian Hunter na India Hunter.  faịlụ.[2]: pp.  239, 241. : pp.  239,   241. O yikarịrị ka ị ga-enweta mmanụ ị chọrọ: p.  242 [2]: p.  229 Dịka ọmụmaatụ, Deg Hit'an nke Aleuts ji usoro isi nri, n'agbanyeghị na ọ gafere elu elu nke latitude 58-degrees, nke Harold E. Driver na William C. Massey kwuru na ọ bụ naanị ebe osisi dị. p.229  == Hụkwa == * Khorkhog, nri ndị Mongolia siri site na itinye nkume ọkụ n'ime akpa nwere anụ. * Soup Nkume == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}} szktwmf7ktgs57t8u0j9sy2j34sk2ts 0 56907 644007 451620 2026-05-30T13:34:23Z Chiziqa 13055 Fixed reference error 644007 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Faịlụ:Idanre_hills.jpg|thumb|Ugwu nta Idanre]] A maara ugwu Idanre nke ọma maka ọdịdị ala ya.[1][2] Ọdịiche ya dị iche iche na saịtị ọdịnala dị ka 'Owa Owa', ụlọ arụsị, Courtlọikpe Ochie, Belfry, akara ukwu Agbooogun, mmiri égbè eluigwe (Omi Apaara) na ebe a na-eli ozu ebutela aha ọnọdụ na nhọpụta mba ahụ maka ndepụta aha saịtị UNESCO World Heritage.[3][4] Ọ bi na 3000 ft (914.4mita) n'elu ọkwa oke osimiri ma nweekwa usoro gburugburu ebe obibi pụrụ iche nke ejirila omenaala jikọtara ọnụ.[5] Ọ nwekwara usoro gburugburu ebe obibi dị iche iche nke ahịhịa na anụmanụ. Oke Idanre nwere ihe dị mkpa dị mkpa bio-anụ ahụ na ọdịdị ala nke mmekọrịta ya na njirimara anụ ahụ mere ka ọdịdị ọdịbendị na-adịgide adịgide n'ime ntọala ahụ..<ref name="Oke Idanre Idanre Hill">{{Cite web|title=Oke Idanre (Idanre Hill)|url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/5169/|accessdate=2023-05-21|work=UNESCO World Heritage Centre|language=en}}</ref> == Nkwupụta nke izi ezi na / ma ọ bụ iguzosi ike n'ezi ihe == Ugwu Idanre bụ otu n'ime ebe okike kachasị egwu na nke mara mma na Ondo Steeti na Naijiria. Tụkwasị na ịma mma ya nke na-akpali ọchịchọ ịmata ihe nke mmadụ bụ eziokwu ahụ bụ na ndị niile nọ na Idanre biri na nkume ndị a ruo ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ otu puku afọ. Kemgbe ịkwaga ugwu na 1923, ọdịdị ala, ahịhịa yana ụmụ anụmanụ na ndụ okooko osisi anọgidewo na-enweghị nkesa. Otú ọ dị, ememme ndị a na-enye oge maka ime ka ndị bi n'ala dị ala na gburugburu ebe obibi ha dịghachi n'otu yana ihe ngosi ma ọ bụ ihe omume akụkọ ihe mere eme na akụkọ ihe mere e mere eme nke Idanre na echiche Yoruba ya sara mbara, akụkọ ifo na njikọ.<ref name="Oke Idanre Idanre Hill">{{Cite web|title=Oke Idanre (Idanre Hill)|url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/5169/|accessdate=2023-05-21|work=UNESCO World Heritage Centre|language=en}}</ref> E nwere emume Ogun, nke a na-eme n'elu ugwu n'oge emume Ọktoba na emume Ije, nke gbasara ụbọchị asaa.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Oke Idanre (Idanre Hill)|url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/5169/|accessdate=2024-01-29|work=UNESCO World Heritage Centre|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=User|date=2016-08-15|title=Idanre hill: No longer a monkey affair|url=https://tribuneonlineng.com/idanre-hill-no-longer-monkey-affair/|accessdate=2024-01-29|work=Tribune Online|language=en-GB}}</ref> Ewezuga ememme, nke na-eme ka ebe ahụ bụrụ omenala dị ndụ, osisi na anụmanụ nke ugwu ahụ bụkwa ihe pụrụ iche. E nwere ụdị anụmanụ na-enweghị ọdụ a na-akpọ Hyrax nke na-ebi na nkume nke n'ihi ịchụ nta na-apụ n'anya ma enwere enwe pụrụ iche na-eme egwuregwu na nso ugwu Orosun. Ugwu ahụ na-enwekwa otu ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị na ndị na-eme nchọpụta. Ebe ahụ bụ ebe obibi nke otu ụsụ na ndị mmadụ na-eme emume pụrụ iche nke ụsụ kwa afọ. Ndị na-eme ihe nkiri na-eji ugwu ahụ eme ihe dị ka ebe maka ọtụtụ ihe nkiri ha. Na mgbakwunye, otu onye na naanị onye nwetara ihe nrite Nobel maka edemede n'Africa Prọfesọ Wole Soyinka dere uri ya kachasị ogologo nke akpọrọ "Idanre and other Poems".<ref name="Oke Idanre Idanre Hill" /> == Ntụnyere ya na ihe ndị ọzọ yiri ya == Ọtụtụ ebe obibi na Naịjirịa, site na okike na ọdịnala, dị gburugburu ma ọ bụ jikọta ya na osisi na ugwu. A gbahapụrụ ọtụtụ n'ime osisi na ugwu ndị a ma ọ bụ ugbu a na-ejedebe na obere ebe. Otú ọ dị, ugwu Idanre, dị ka ugwu Dala na Kano North West Nigeria anọgidewo na-enwe àgwà ya dị ka mmetụta dị n'etiti nke usoro obibi nke ndị Idanre. Dị ka ugwu Dala nke malitere dị ka ebe a na-achọ ọla ígwè ma nye ntọala maka uto nke obodo Kano, ugwu Idanre bụ isi maka ndị bi na Idanre . <ref name="Oke Idanre Idanre Hill" /> == Ọdịdị ala == [[Faịlụ:2-_Idanre_Hills_By_Ayobami_Macaulay.jpg|thumb|2- Ugwu Idanre]] Idanre Hill dị na Precambrian igneous batholith nke dị ihe dị ka nde afọ 500, ọtụtụ nnukwu oghere na-eme ka ndagwurugwu miri emi n'ime nkume.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Anifowose|first=A. Y .B.|title=Emplacement Tectonics of Idanre Batholith, West Africa|url=http://www.lneg.pt/download/6009/2_ART_CG11-036-1309_FINAL_A.pdf|journal=Comunicações Geológicas|volume=99|pages=13–18|accessdate=25 July 2018}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|author=Anifowose|first=Adeleye Yekini Biodun|date=2014-03-11|title=Appraisal of the Geotourism Potentials of the Idanre Hills, Nigeria|journal=Geoheritage|language=en|volume=6|issue=3|pages=193–203|doi=10.1007/s12371-014-0100-5|issn=1867-2477}}</ref> == Ọnọdụ Ihe Nketa Ụwa == A gbakwunyere saịtị a na UNESCO World Heritage Tentative List na 8 Ọktoba 2007 na ngalaba ọdịnala. <ref>{{Cite web|author=David|date=2018-07-28|title=Idanre Hills: Old World wonders preserved at hilly peaks inhabited by warring god|url=https://sunnewsonline.com/idanre-hills-old-world-inhabited/|accessdate=2024-06-23|work=The Sun Nigeria|language=en}}</ref> [[Faịlụ:Idanre Hills, UNESCO World Heritage.jpg|thumb|Ugwu limestone karst dị n'akụkụ obodo Idanre]] == Akụkọ ifo == A na-ekwu na Idanre Hill nwere ihe ịtụnanya na nkwenkwe oge ochie 9 Akụkọ ifo ndị a niile dị n'ugwu Idanre; 1. "Ibi Akaso" Nzọụkwụ 2. Obí Eze 3. Ihe nketa Agboogun 4. Ihe ịrịba ama ndị a na-apụghị ịgụ agụ 5. Ụzọ ụkwụ Agboogun 6. Ọmarịcha matar 7. "Omi Aopara" Aopara Mmiri 8. Ugwu Orosun 9. Osimiri Arun == Anụ Ọhịa == [[Faịlụ:Artistic_shot_of_the_hill.jpg|thumb|Ugwu ahụ pụtara ìhè ma depụta ya na UNESCO World Heritage Sites.]] ''[[:en:Amietophrynus_perreti|Amietophrynus perreti]]'', or the Perret's toad, is only known from a single locality at the Idanre Hill.<ref name="frost2">{{cite web|url=http://research.amnh.org/vz/herpetology/amphibia/Amphibia/Anura/Bufonidae/Amietophrynus/Amietophrynus-perreti|title=''Amietophrynus perreti'' (Schiøtz, 1963)|author=Frost, Darrel R.|year=2015|work=Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0|publisher=American Museum of Natural History|access-date=24 October 2015}}</ref><ref name="OnadekoEtAl20142">{{cite journal|last1=Onadeko|first1=Abiodun B.|last2=Rödel|first2=Mark-Oliver|last3=Liedtke|first3=H. Christoph|last4=Barej|first4=Michael|year=2014|title=The rediscovery of Perret's toad, ''Amietophrynus perreti'' (Schiøtz, 1963) after more than 40 years, with comments on the species' phylogenetic placement and conservation status|journal=Zoosystematics and Evolution|volume=90|issue=2|pages=113–119|doi=10.3897/zse.90.8234|doi-access=free|url=https://zenodo.org/records/575706/files/ZSE_article_4126.pdf}}</ref> The five sites where forest elephants are found in southern Nigeria are the Omo Forests in Ogun State, the Okomu National Park in Edo State, the Cross River National Park in Cross River State, the Idanre Forests and Osse River Park in Ondo State and the Andoni Island in Rivers State. (Nigerian Conservation Foundation) == Mmepeanya == ebe obibi oge ochie nke Idanre adịla n'elu ugwu ahụ kemgbe oge ochie, agbanyeghị, e webatara mmepeanya ọdịda anyanwụ n'obodo ochie ahụ mgbe otu ndị ozi ala ọzọ nke Rev. Gilbert Carter duziri rutere n'afọ 1894. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://findingae.com/life-on-idanre-hills/|title=Life on Idanre Hills|author=Anuoluwapo|first=Olopade|date=2016-07-26|work=FindingAE|language=en-US|accessdate=2019-09-20}}</ref> Ndị ozi ala ọzọ wuru ụlọ akwụkwọ praịmarị mbụ n'afọ 1896 nke ụlọ ụrọ ahụ ka siri ike ruo taa. N'afọ 1906, e guzobere ụlọ ikpe iwu nke gụnyere ụlọ mkpọrọ oge ochie ebe ndị a mara ikpe na-anọ n'ụlọ mkpọrọ ha.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://medium.com/@emceechikamara/the-unbelievable-mysteries-of-idanre-hills-c951c3526799|title=THE UNBELIEVABLE MYSTERIES OF IDANRE HILLS|author=heart|first=chikamara|date=2018-11-23|work=Medium|language=en|accessdate=2019-09-20}}</ref> == Edemsibia == {{Reflist}} [[Otú:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 5yhiixdqcc4vg0wcvwszqipf8z6grmn 0 56950 644169 450531 2026-05-30T18:02:13Z Chigozirim2005 19722 Fixed reference error 644169 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Enwere ike tutu ki suktu maka ihe omenala di iche iche. A na-eji ṄṄẁ  A na-egwu ọtụtụ egwuregwu gburugburu ụwa, ndị na-akwado ya ga-atụba akpụkpọ ụkwụ ma ọ bụ akpụkpọ ụkwụ nke ihe mgbaru ọsọ, ọ bụrụgodị na ọ bụghị otu.. Enwere ike ịtụba akpụkpọ ụkwụ abụọ ma tinye ha na eriri, dị ka waya ekwentị, eriri eletrik, ma ọ bụ kee osisi iji mepụta "akpụkpọ ụkwụ Osisi".  [1] [2] N'ọnọdụ ndị dị otú a, enwere ike ịmara na ọ dị ka akpụkpọ ụkwụ. N'ọdịbendị ụfọdụ, e nwere omenala nke ịtụfu akpụkpọ ụkwụ ochie na di na nwunye na agbamakwụkwọ ha iji weta ihu ọma, ma ọ bụ ịtụfu akpụkọ n'ubu iji buo amụma maka alụmdi na nwunye n'ọdịnihu. N'ọtụtụ ọdịbendị ndị Arab, a na-ahụ akpụkpọ ụkwụ dị ka ihe na-adịghị ọcha, ọ bụkwa mkparị karịsịa ịtụ otu n'ime mmadụ. == Ịtụba na waya == [[Faịlụ:Nikes_thrown_over_a_Telephone_Wire.jpg|thumb|Akpụkpọ ụkwụ Nike a tụbara n'elu waya ekwentị na Charlottesville, Virginia]] [[Faịlụ:Shoe_tossing_in_Brooklyn,_2021.jpg|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|Ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu nke akpụkpọ ụkwụ na waya na Greenpoint, Brooklyn na 2021]] Na North America, na mba nke mba ebe a na-agbanye waya, saịtị ahụ dị na mpaghara.  Ọtụtụ mgbe, akpụkpọ ụkwụ bụ ndị sneakers.<ref name="wbez">{{Cite web|date=2015-08-05|title=Shoes on a Wire: Untangling an Urban Myth|url=https://www.wbez.org/stories/shoes-on-a-wire-untangling-an-urban-myth/f46d882f-dd38-452b-98dc-be406135429a|accessdate=2023-09-13|language=en}}</ref> Enwere ọtụtụ ọdịiche omenala na ọdịiche dị na mpaghara mmekọrịta ọha na eze nke afọ.  N’obodo ụfọdụ, a na-eyi akpụkpọ ụkwụ dị ka akụkụ nke ndụ nwanyị, dị ka ka ọ ghara ịga akwụkwọ ma ọ bụ alụmdi na nwunye na-abịanụ.. Ụfọdụ echiche na-egosi na ọdịnala ahụ malitere site na ndị agha, bụ ndị a na-ekwu na ha na-atụfu akpụkpọ ụkwụ ndị agha, oroma ma ọ bụ agba ndị ọzọ na-apụta ìhè, na waya ndị a na-ahụ anya n'akụkụ emume nke na-apụ mgbe ọ gụchara ọzụzụ ma ọ bụ mgbe ọ hapụrụ ọrụ ahụ.  N'ihe nkiri 1997 Wag the Dog, ịwụ akpụkpọ ụkwụ bụ ụtụ na-ekwu na ọ bụ ụtụ na-hevelu isi nye Sgt.  William Schumann, nke Woody Harrelson na-egwu, onye a gbagburu na Albania.<ref>{{Cite book|author=Thanouli|first=Eleftheria|title=Wag the Dog: A Study on Film and Reality in the Digital Age|publisher=Bloomsbury Academic|year=2013|isbn=978-1-4411-8936-3|location=New York|pages=96–97}}</ref> Ịtụfu akpụkpọ ụkwụ nwere ike ịbụ ụdị mmegbu, ebe onye mmegbu na-ezu ohi akpụkpọ ụkwụ abụọ ma tụba ha ebe o yighị ka a ga-enweta ha.<ref name="wbez" /> A kọwakwara ịtụfu akpụkpọ ụkwụ dị ka ihe ọchị a na-eme na ndị aṅụrụma na-eteta iji hụ na akpụkpọ ụkwụ ha efuola. === Ozi ndị òtù === A na-ekwukarị na akpụkpọ ụkwụ dị na waya ekwentị nwere njikọ na mpụ a haziri ahazi, na-egosi ebe ndị otu ahụ dị, na-echeta ọnwụ nke onye otu ma ọ bụ onye na-abụghị onye otu ndị otu ahụ bi n'ógbè ahụ. A na-ekwukwa na akpụkpọ ụkwụ ahụ bụ akara maka ahịa ọgwụ ọjọọ ma ọ bụ iji gosipụta ụlọ crack dị nso, n'ọnọdụ ahụ, a pụrụ ịkpọ ha "crack tennies".<ref>{{Cite web|author=DeWitt|first=David|date=2013-03-10|title=Who takes them down?|url=https://www.athensnews.com/news/local/who-takes-them-down/article_591bf831-2f86-5b04-bbfd-a6388562cfb8.html|accessdate=2024-03-23|work=The Athens NEWS|language=en}}</ref> Otu akụkọ 2003 nke onye bụbu onye bi na Los Angeles, [[California]] James Hahn kwuru na ọtụtụ ndị kwere ekwe na LA.  "Akpụkpọ ụkwụ e gosipụtara na ọ bụ ọgwụ ọjọọ ma ọ bụ dị ize ndụ, ndị mmadụ," na ndị isi obodo nke ụlọ ọrụ ahụ amalitela mmemme iji wepụ akpụkpọ ụkwụ ahụ..<ref name="sd">{{Cite web|author=Adams|first=Cecil|date=August 2, 1996|title=The Straight Dope: Why do you see pairs of shoes hanging by the laces from power lines?|url=http://www.straightdope.com/classics/a5_274.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20000815203112/http://www.straightdope.com/classics/a5_274.html|archivedate=2000-08-15|accessdate=2023-07-03|work=The Straight Dope|publisher=[[Chicago Reader]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.lacity.org/mayor/teamworkla/newsletters/teamworkla_intrnewsletters72311897_06102003.pdf|title=East Los Angeles NSC Combats Problem of Overhead Shoes on Wires|accessdate=2007-06-15|author=TeamWork LA|year=c. 2003|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20031007130106/http://www.lacity.org/mayor/teamworkla/newsletters/teamworkla_intrnewsletters72311897_06102003.pdf|archivedate=2003-10-07}}</ref> Otú ọ dị, o siri ike ikpebi ma ndị òtù ndị omempụ tinyere akpụkpọ ụkwụ maka ebumnuche metụtara òtù ndị omepụ, ndị uwe ojii nọ n'ọtụtụ ikike kwenyere na ọ bụ akụkọ ifo.<ref name="wbez" /> N'ụzọ doro anya karị, nnyocha e mere n'afọ 2015 banyere data na-atụfu akpụkpọ ụkwụ na Chicago enweghị ike ịmepụta njikọ dị n'etiti ịzụ ahịa ọgwụ na akpụkpọ ụkwụ.<ref name="wbez" /> == Omenala agbamakwụkwọ == [[Faịlụ:1905-02-11_front_Final_Scene_Shy_Lady_(cropped).jpg|thumb|1905 Postcard Britain na-egosi akpụkpọ ụkwụ a na-atụba nwoke na-alụ ọhụrụ]] Ịtụ akpụkpọ ụkwụ bụ nkwenkwe agbamakwụkwọ n'ọtụtụ omenala.[1][2]  Na Victorian England, ndị mmadụ ga-atụba "nwoke na-alụ nwanyị ọhụrụ nwere akpụkpọ ụkwụ ochie mgbe ha na-amalite na ezumike ezumike ha.".: <ref>{{Cite web|date=2015-08-25|title=Love, marriage … and a barrage of shoes|url=http://www.theguardian.com/education/2015/aug/25/love-marriage-shoes-throw-bride-groom|accessdate=2021-03-07|work=the Guardian|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|title="Throwing the Wedding-Shoe": Foundational Violence, Unhappy Couples, and Murderous Women|first=Marlene|author=Tromp|journal=Victorian Review|volume=39|issue=2|year=2013|pages=39–43|doi=10.1353/vcr.2013.0042}}</ref>   N’afọ 1887, otu akụkọ dị n’akwụkwọ akụkọ bụ́ The New York Times kwuru, sị: “Omenala ochie nke ịtụpụ akpụkpọ ụkwụ nwanyị n’azụ nwanyị ọhụrụ, ma ọ̀ bụ agbamakwụkwọ chọọchị ma ọ bụ ememe agbamakwụkwọ, dị nnọọ ka ihe ncheta na nwoke adịghị esi ná mmalite pụta.”,. "<ref>{{Cite news|title=THROWING THE WEDDING SHOE|work=[[The New York Times]]|date=11 February 1887|page=3}}</ref> Peter Ditchfield, onye edemede nke Old English Customs Extant at the Present Time (1896), kọwara: "Anyị na-atụfu akpụkpọ ụkwụ ochie anyị mgbe anyị lụrụ di na nwunye iji gosipụta ọchịchọ anyị maka ọdịmma. echere m na nke a abụghị ihe mbụ pụtara omenala. Ịtụfu akpụkpọ ụkwụ mgbe nwunye bụ ihe nnọchianya nke nlekọta nna ya bụ ihe ịrịba ama na nwanyị ahụ bụ onye mbụ na-enweta ikike ahụ. "  isi nwanyi ga-agba ya.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Old English Customs Extant at the Present Time|first=P.H.|author=Ditchfield|authorlink=Peter Ditchfield|year=1896}}</ref> Na Czech Republic, e nwere omenala ịzụ akpụkpọ ụkwụ na Christmas Eve.  Ụmụ agbọghọ na-alụbeghị di na-etinye akpụkpọ ụkwụ ha n'ọnụ ụzọ ụlọ.  Ọ bụrụ na akpụkpọ ụkwụ ndị ahụ pụta n'ụlọ, ọ ga-alụ nwunye n'afọ ọzọ. == Mkpesa ==   N'ọtụtụ ọdịbendị Ndị Arab, a na-ewere igosi akpụkpọ ụkwụ gị dị ka mkparị, ebe a na-ele ya anya dị ka ihe na-adịghị ọcha maka mmetụ ya na ala. A pụrụ ile ịwakpo onye na-eji akpụkpọ ụkwụ anya dị ka "ịgbakwunye mkparị na mmerụ ahụ".<ref>{{Cite news|author=Asser|first=Martin|title=Bush shoe-ing worst Arab insult|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/7783325.stm|accessdate=14 June 2023|date=15 December 2008}}</ref> [[Faịlụ:Bush_shoeing_incident.jpg|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|Onye isi ala US George W. Bush gbajiri akpụkpọ ụkwụ ya ma tụpụ ha mgbe e jidere Prime Minister nke Iraq Nouri al-Maliki.]] Na 2008, onye nta akụkọ Iraqi Muntadar al-Zaidi boro ebubo na ọ tụbara akpụkpọ ụkwụ abụọ na President nke United States, George W. Bush, mgbe Onye isi ala bịara Baghdad iji mee mkpesa megide mmeri ndị agha America na-esote.  Al-Zaidi kwuru n'asụsụ Arabic: "Ọ dị m nwute maka ndị inyom nwụrụ, ụmụ nke ndị e gburu na Iraq!"  [1] Onye isi ala Bush etinyeghị akpụkpọ ụkwụ. <ref name="Asser_Martin">{{Cite web|author=Asser|first=Martin|title=Bush shoe-ing worst Arab insult|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/7783325.stm|accessdate=July 22, 2012|publisher=[[BBC News]]|date=December 15, 2008}}</ref> Ọ bụghị naanị ndị Arab na-eyi akpụkpọ ụkwụ akpụkpọ anụ;  Ihe omume ndị ọzọ metụtakwara ndị ama ama gụnyere Steve McCarthy, David Beckham, Lily Allen, na Wen Jiabao..<ref name="metro_shoe">{{Cite news|title=Top 5 famous shoe throwing incidents|url=https://metro.co.uk/2009/04/08/top-5-famous-shoe-throwing-incidents-12557/|work=[[Metro (British newspaper)|Metro]]}}</ref> == Egwuregwu na egwuregwu == [[Faịlụ:Wellie_Wanging._One_handed_forward_throw_method.JPG|thumb|Onye na-asọmpi na mmemme egwuregwu wellie wanging]] Wellie wanging, ma ọ bụ ịrịọ maka onyinye, bụ egwuregwu achọrọ maka ndị chọrọ ịzụrụ onyinye na Wellington.[1][2]  Egwuregwu ahụ yiri ka ọ malitere na West Country nke England na 1970s, wee ghọọ ngwa ngwa na obodo Ememe na ihe omume na-anakọta ego n'ofe Britain.  A na-egwu egwuregwu ugbu a n'ọtụtụ mba dị iche iche, gụnyere [[Ostraliya|Australia]], Estonia, [[Finland]], Germany, Ireland, Italy, New Zealand na Russia.. Ịtụba akpụkpọ ụkwụ gị bụ ihe ọtụtụ egwuregwu ndị ọzọ gụnyere ịtụba, mana ọ bụghị ịtụba akpụkpọ ụkwụ na ekwentị ma ọ bụ ihe ọ bụla ọzọ..<ref>{{Cite web|title=Shoe games|url=https://www.youthwork-practice.com/games/Shoe-games.html|accessdate=2021-03-07|work=www.youthwork-practice.com|language=en-US}}</ref> Otu egwuregwu Physical Education nwere ndị sonyere n'ìgwè abụọ. Ìgwè abụọ ahụ na-emepụta ahịrị abụọ site n'ịnọdụ ala n'otu n'otu. Ndị sonyere na-ewepụ akpụkpọ ụkwụ ha ma tụba ha n'etiti ebe egwuregwu, nke dị n'etiti ìgwè abụọ ahụ. Egwuregwu ahụ na-amalite mgbe onye nkuzi ma ọ bụ onye ọka ikpe kwuru otú ahụ. Ebumnuche nke egwuregwu ahụ bụ ka ndị sonyere na-eguzo ọtọ site na ahịrị ha wee gbaa ọsọ gaa n'etiti iji chọta akpụkpọ ụkwụ ha. Ndị sonyere ga-etinye akpụkpọ ụkwụ ha ma nọdụ ala n'otu usoro ahụ ha nọ ọdụ. Ìgwè mbụ iji mee ka onye ọ bụla laghachi n'ahịrị ahụ merie.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Shoe Toss - How Fast? {{!}} Elementary PE Games|url=https://www.pegames.org/weekly-challenges-category/shoe-toss/|accessdate=2021-03-07|language=en-US}}</ref> Ihe atụ ọzọ nke egwuregwu dabeere na akpụkpọ ụkwụ bụ obere ọrụ otu nke chọrọ akpụkpọ ụkwụ abụọ, oche abụọ, karama plastik abụọ, na ndị sonyere abụọ. A na-etinye karama ndị ahụ n'etiti ebe egwuregwu ahụ, a na-etinyekwa oche ndị ahụ n"akụkụ dị iche iche nke karama ndị ahụ, ka ebe egwuregwu ahụ wee bụrụ ahịrị. Ndị sonyere abụọ ahụ na-amalite n'etiti site na karama, na-agba ọsọ n'oche ha, na-anọdụ ala, na-ewepụ akpụkpọ ụkwụ ha, ma tụba akpụkpọ ụkwụ ya na karama. Onye ọ bụla kụrụ karama ha na nke mbụ na-emeri.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Shoe Toss|work=ythmin.com|url=https://ythmin.com/shoe-toss/|accessdate=2021-03-07|language=en-AU}}</ref> Tụfuo akpụkpọ ụkwụ nke egwuregwu vidiyo.  Ọkara Nwụrụ Anwụ maka Ọkara Nwụrụ Anwụ 2 na-egosi otu esi egwu egwuregwu ahụ.  Egwuregwu ahụ na-etinye onye ọkpụkpọ ahụ n'ime ụlọ square nke nwere ọnụ ụzọ n'akụkụ niile, ọ dịkwa mkpa ka ị nyochaa ụlọ dị iche iche iji chọta ụzọ.  Agbanyeghị, ọtụtụ n'ime ụlọ ndị ahụ nwere ọnyà na-egbu egbu.  Onye tụpụrụ akpụkpọ ụkwụ na onye ọkpụkpọ na-abụghị nke ụlọ nwere ọnya.  Onye ọkpụkpọ ahụ tụpụrụ akpụkpọ ụkwụ ya n'ime ụlọ ahụ, mana ejideghị ya.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2016-09-26|title=Half Dead (Video Game)|url=https://www.dreadcentral.com/reviews/191312/half-dead-video-game/|accessdate=2021-03-07|work=Dread Central|language=en-US}}</ref> == Ihe ịchọ mma == [[Faịlụ:Shoe_tree_at_Morley_field.jpg|thumb|Osisi akpụkpọ ụkwụ na San Diego, California]] Mgbe ụfọdụ, m na-atụba akpụkpọ ụkwụ m n'elu osisi ma echere m na ọ "dị mfe iyi"[1]  Mgbe ụfọdụ, ị nwere ike ịchọ osisi ma ọ bụ osisi ọzọ n'otu ụzọ ahụ.<ref name="rsa">[http://www.roadsideamerica.com/set/shoetrees.html Shoe Trees]. Roadside America.</ref> N'ozuzu, ị nwere ike ịhụ osisi akpụkpọ ụkwụ n'akụkụ okporo ụzọ na mpaghara ahụ ma nwee ike inwe isiokwu (dị ka akpụkpọ ụkwụ). == Hụkwa == * Abandoned footwear - Akpụkpọ ụkwụ furu efu ma ọ bụ tụfuru n'ihu ọha * Bolas - Ụdị ngwá agha a na-atụba n'arọ na South America * Ghost shoes - Ihe ncheta maka ọnwụ ndị njem na-agafe agafe * Panty tree - Osisi e ji uwe ime ụmụ nwanyị chọọ mma, nke a na-ahụkarị n'okpuru ihe na-ebuli elu == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}} [[Otú:Pages with unreviewed translations]] a3rd3e666m7o3i6975oje82el0lel8q 644202 644169 2026-05-30T19:32:19Z Wikipedian12512(alt) 61413 ce 644202 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Enwere ike tutu ki suktu maka ihe omenala di iche iche. A na-eji ṄṄẁ  A na-egwu ọtụtụ egwuregwu gburugburu ụwa, ndị na-akwado ya ga-atụba akpụkpọ ụkwụ ma ọ bụ akpụkpọ ụkwụ nke ihe mgbaru ọsọ, ọ bụrụgodị na ọ bụghị otu.. Enwere ike ịtụba akpụkpọ ụkwụ abụọ ma tinye ha na eriri, dị ka waya ekwentị, eriri eletrik, ma ọ bụ kee osisi iji mepụta "akpụkpọ ụkwụ Osisi". N'ọnọdụ ndị dị otú a, enwere ike ịmara na ọ dị ka akpụkpọ ụkwụ. N'ọdịbendị ụfọdụ, e nwere omenala nke ịtụfu akpụkpọ ụkwụ ochie na di na nwunye na agbamakwụkwọ ha iji weta ihu ọma, ma ọ bụ ịtụfu akpụkọ n'ubu iji buo amụma maka alụmdi na nwunye n'ọdịnihu. N'ọtụtụ ọdịbendị ndị Arab, a na-ahụ akpụkpọ ụkwụ dị ka ihe na-adịghị ọcha, ọ bụkwa mkparị karịsịa ịtụ otu n'ime mmadụ. == Ịtụba na waya == [[Faịlụ:Nikes_thrown_over_a_Telephone_Wire.jpg|thumb|Akpụkpọ ụkwụ Nike a tụbara n'elu waya ekwentị na Charlottesville, Virginia]] [[Faịlụ:Shoe_tossing_in_Brooklyn,_2021.jpg|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|Ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu nke akpụkpọ ụkwụ na waya na Greenpoint, Brooklyn na 2021]] Na North America, na mba nke mba ebe a na-agbanye waya, saịtị ahụ dị na mpaghara.  Ọtụtụ mgbe, akpụkpọ ụkwụ bụ ndị sneakers.<ref name="wbez">{{Cite web|date=2015-08-05|title=Shoes on a Wire: Untangling an Urban Myth|url=https://www.wbez.org/stories/shoes-on-a-wire-untangling-an-urban-myth/f46d882f-dd38-452b-98dc-be406135429a|accessdate=2023-09-13|language=en}}</ref> Enwere ọtụtụ ọdịiche omenala na ọdịiche dị na mpaghara mmekọrịta ọha na eze nke afọ.  N’obodo ụfọdụ, a na-eyi akpụkpọ ụkwụ dị ka akụkụ nke ndụ nwanyị, dị ka ka ọ ghara ịga akwụkwọ ma ọ bụ alụmdi na nwunye na-abịanụ.. Ụfọdụ echiche na-egosi na ọdịnala ahụ malitere site na ndị agha, bụ ndị a na-ekwu na ha na-atụfu akpụkpọ ụkwụ ndị agha, oroma ma ọ bụ agba ndị ọzọ na-apụta ìhè, na waya ndị a na-ahụ anya n'akụkụ emume nke na-apụ mgbe ọ gụchara ọzụzụ ma ọ bụ mgbe ọ hapụrụ ọrụ ahụ.  N'ihe nkiri 1997 Wag the Dog, ịwụ akpụkpọ ụkwụ bụ ụtụ na-ekwu na ọ bụ ụtụ na-hevelu isi nye Sgt.  William Schumann, nke Woody Harrelson na-egwu, onye a gbagburu na Albania.<ref>{{Cite book|author=Thanouli|first=Eleftheria|title=Wag the Dog: A Study on Film and Reality in the Digital Age|publisher=Bloomsbury Academic|year=2013|isbn=978-1-4411-8936-3|location=New York|pages=96–97}}</ref> Ịtụfu akpụkpọ ụkwụ nwere ike ịbụ ụdị mmegbu, ebe onye mmegbu na-ezu ohi akpụkpọ ụkwụ abụọ ma tụba ha ebe o yighị ka a ga-enweta ha.<ref name="wbez" /> A kọwakwara ịtụfu akpụkpọ ụkwụ dị ka ihe ọchị a na-eme na ndị aṅụrụma na-eteta iji hụ na akpụkpọ ụkwụ ha efuola. === Ozi ndị òtù === A na-ekwukarị na akpụkpọ ụkwụ dị na waya ekwentị nwere njikọ na mpụ a haziri ahazi, na-egosi ebe ndị otu ahụ dị, na-echeta ọnwụ nke onye otu ma ọ bụ onye na-abụghị onye otu ndị otu ahụ bi n'ógbè ahụ. A na-ekwukwa na akpụkpọ ụkwụ ahụ bụ akara maka ahịa ọgwụ ọjọọ ma ọ bụ iji gosipụta ụlọ crack dị nso, n'ọnọdụ ahụ, a pụrụ ịkpọ ha "crack tennies".<ref>{{Cite web|author=DeWitt|first=David|date=2013-03-10|title=Who takes them down?|url=https://www.athensnews.com/news/local/who-takes-them-down/article_591bf831-2f86-5b04-bbfd-a6388562cfb8.html|accessdate=2024-03-23|work=The Athens NEWS|language=en}}</ref> Otu akụkọ 2003 nke onye bụbu onye bi na Los Angeles, [[California]] James Hahn kwuru na ọtụtụ ndị kwere ekwe na LA.  "Akpụkpọ ụkwụ e gosipụtara na ọ bụ ọgwụ ọjọọ ma ọ bụ dị ize ndụ, ndị mmadụ," na ndị isi obodo nke ụlọ ọrụ ahụ amalitela mmemme iji wepụ akpụkpọ ụkwụ ahụ..<ref name="sd">{{Cite web|author=Adams|first=Cecil|date=August 2, 1996|title=The Straight Dope: Why do you see pairs of shoes hanging by the laces from power lines?|url=http://www.straightdope.com/classics/a5_274.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20000815203112/http://www.straightdope.com/classics/a5_274.html|archivedate=2000-08-15|accessdate=2023-07-03|work=The Straight Dope|publisher=[[Chicago Reader]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.lacity.org/mayor/teamworkla/newsletters/teamworkla_intrnewsletters72311897_06102003.pdf|title=East Los Angeles NSC Combats Problem of Overhead Shoes on Wires|accessdate=2007-06-15|author=TeamWork LA|year=c. 2003|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20031007130106/http://www.lacity.org/mayor/teamworkla/newsletters/teamworkla_intrnewsletters72311897_06102003.pdf|archivedate=2003-10-07}}</ref> Otú ọ dị, o siri ike ikpebi ma ndị òtù ndị omempụ tinyere akpụkpọ ụkwụ maka ebumnuche metụtara òtù ndị omepụ, ndị uwe ojii nọ n'ọtụtụ ikike kwenyere na ọ bụ akụkọ ifo.<ref name="wbez" /> N'ụzọ doro anya karị, nnyocha e mere n'afọ 2015 banyere data na-atụfu akpụkpọ ụkwụ na Chicago enweghị ike ịmepụta njikọ dị n'etiti ịzụ ahịa ọgwụ na akpụkpọ ụkwụ.<ref name="wbez" /> == Omenala agbamakwụkwọ == [[Faịlụ:1905-02-11_front_Final_Scene_Shy_Lady_(cropped).jpg|thumb|1905 Postcard Britain na-egosi akpụkpọ ụkwụ a na-atụba nwoke na-alụ ọhụrụ]] Ịtụ akpụkpọ ụkwụ bụ nkwenkwe agbamakwụkwọ n'ọtụtụ omenala.[1][2]  Na Victorian England, ndị mmadụ ga-atụba "nwoke na-alụ nwanyị ọhụrụ nwere akpụkpọ ụkwụ ochie mgbe ha na-amalite na ezumike ezumike ha.".: <ref>{{Cite web|date=2015-08-25|title=Love, marriage … and a barrage of shoes|url=http://www.theguardian.com/education/2015/aug/25/love-marriage-shoes-throw-bride-groom|accessdate=2021-03-07|work=the Guardian|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|title="Throwing the Wedding-Shoe": Foundational Violence, Unhappy Couples, and Murderous Women|first=Marlene|author=Tromp|journal=Victorian Review|volume=39|issue=2|year=2013|pages=39–43|doi=10.1353/vcr.2013.0042}}</ref>   N’afọ 1887, otu akụkọ dị n’akwụkwọ akụkọ bụ́ The New York Times kwuru, sị: “Omenala ochie nke ịtụpụ akpụkpọ ụkwụ nwanyị n’azụ nwanyị ọhụrụ, ma ọ̀ bụ agbamakwụkwọ chọọchị ma ọ bụ ememe agbamakwụkwọ, dị nnọọ ka ihe ncheta na nwoke adịghị esi ná mmalite pụta.”,. "<ref>{{Cite news|title=THROWING THE WEDDING SHOE|work=[[The New York Times]]|date=11 February 1887|page=3}}</ref> Peter Ditchfield, onye edemede nke Old English Customs Extant at the Present Time (1896), kọwara: "Anyị na-atụfu akpụkpọ ụkwụ ochie anyị mgbe anyị lụrụ di na nwunye iji gosipụta ọchịchọ anyị maka ọdịmma. echere m na nke a abụghị ihe mbụ pụtara omenala. Ịtụfu akpụkpọ ụkwụ mgbe nwunye bụ ihe nnọchianya nke nlekọta nna ya bụ ihe ịrịba ama na nwanyị ahụ bụ onye mbụ na-enweta ikike ahụ. "  isi nwanyi ga-agba ya.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Old English Customs Extant at the Present Time|first=P.H.|author=Ditchfield|authorlink=Peter Ditchfield|year=1896}}</ref> Na Czech Republic, e nwere omenala ịzụ akpụkpọ ụkwụ na Christmas Eve.  Ụmụ agbọghọ na-alụbeghị di na-etinye akpụkpọ ụkwụ ha n'ọnụ ụzọ ụlọ.  Ọ bụrụ na akpụkpọ ụkwụ ndị ahụ pụta n'ụlọ, ọ ga-alụ nwunye n'afọ ọzọ. == Mkpesa ==   N'ọtụtụ ọdịbendị Ndị Arab, a na-ewere igosi akpụkpọ ụkwụ gị dị ka mkparị, ebe a na-ele ya anya dị ka ihe na-adịghị ọcha maka mmetụ ya na ala. A pụrụ ile ịwakpo onye na-eji akpụkpọ ụkwụ anya dị ka "ịgbakwunye mkparị na mmerụ ahụ".<ref>{{Cite news|author=Asser|first=Martin|title=Bush shoe-ing worst Arab insult|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/7783325.stm|accessdate=14 June 2023|date=15 December 2008}}</ref> [[Faịlụ:Bush_shoeing_incident.jpg|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|Onye isi ala US George W. Bush gbajiri akpụkpọ ụkwụ ya ma tụpụ ha mgbe e jidere Prime Minister nke Iraq Nouri al-Maliki.]] Na 2008, onye nta akụkọ Iraqi Muntadar al-Zaidi boro ebubo na ọ tụbara akpụkpọ ụkwụ abụọ na President nke United States, George W. Bush, mgbe Onye isi ala bịara Baghdad iji mee mkpesa megide mmeri ndị agha America na-esote.  Al-Zaidi kwuru n'asụsụ Arabic: "Ọ dị m nwute maka ndị inyom nwụrụ, ụmụ nke ndị e gburu na Iraq!"  [1] Onye isi ala Bush etinyeghị akpụkpọ ụkwụ. <ref name="Asser_Martin">{{Cite web|author=Asser|first=Martin|title=Bush shoe-ing worst Arab insult|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/7783325.stm|accessdate=July 22, 2012|publisher=[[BBC News]]|date=December 15, 2008}}</ref> Ọ bụghị naanị ndị Arab na-eyi akpụkpọ ụkwụ akpụkpọ anụ;  Ihe omume ndị ọzọ metụtakwara ndị ama ama gụnyere Steve McCarthy, David Beckham, Lily Allen, na Wen Jiabao..<ref name="metro_shoe">{{Cite news|title=Top 5 famous shoe throwing incidents|url=https://metro.co.uk/2009/04/08/top-5-famous-shoe-throwing-incidents-12557/|work=[[Metro (British newspaper)|Metro]]}}</ref> == Egwuregwu na egwuregwu == [[Faịlụ:Wellie_Wanging._One_handed_forward_throw_method.JPG|thumb|Onye na-asọmpi na mmemme egwuregwu wellie wanging]] Wellie wanging, ma ọ bụ ịrịọ maka onyinye, bụ egwuregwu achọrọ maka ndị chọrọ ịzụrụ onyinye na Wellington.[1][2]  Egwuregwu ahụ yiri ka ọ malitere na West Country nke England na 1970s, wee ghọọ ngwa ngwa na obodo Ememe na ihe omume na-anakọta ego n'ofe Britain.  A na-egwu egwuregwu ugbu a n'ọtụtụ mba dị iche iche, gụnyere [[Ostraliya|Australia]], Estonia, [[Finland]], Germany, Ireland, Italy, New Zealand na Russia.. Ịtụba akpụkpọ ụkwụ gị bụ ihe ọtụtụ egwuregwu ndị ọzọ gụnyere ịtụba, mana ọ bụghị ịtụba akpụkpọ ụkwụ na ekwentị ma ọ bụ ihe ọ bụla ọzọ..<ref>{{Cite web|title=Shoe games|url=https://www.youthwork-practice.com/games/Shoe-games.html|accessdate=2021-03-07|work=www.youthwork-practice.com|language=en-US}}</ref> Otu egwuregwu Physical Education nwere ndị sonyere n'ìgwè abụọ. Ìgwè abụọ ahụ na-emepụta ahịrị abụọ site n'ịnọdụ ala n'otu n'otu. Ndị sonyere na-ewepụ akpụkpọ ụkwụ ha ma tụba ha n'etiti ebe egwuregwu, nke dị n'etiti ìgwè abụọ ahụ. Egwuregwu ahụ na-amalite mgbe onye nkuzi ma ọ bụ onye ọka ikpe kwuru otú ahụ. Ebumnuche nke egwuregwu ahụ bụ ka ndị sonyere na-eguzo ọtọ site na ahịrị ha wee gbaa ọsọ gaa n'etiti iji chọta akpụkpọ ụkwụ ha. Ndị sonyere ga-etinye akpụkpọ ụkwụ ha ma nọdụ ala n'otu usoro ahụ ha nọ ọdụ. Ìgwè mbụ iji mee ka onye ọ bụla laghachi n'ahịrị ahụ merie.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Shoe Toss - How Fast? {{!}} Elementary PE Games|url=https://www.pegames.org/weekly-challenges-category/shoe-toss/|accessdate=2021-03-07|language=en-US}}</ref> Ihe atụ ọzọ nke egwuregwu dabeere na akpụkpọ ụkwụ bụ obere ọrụ otu nke chọrọ akpụkpọ ụkwụ abụọ, oche abụọ, karama plastik abụọ, na ndị sonyere abụọ. A na-etinye karama ndị ahụ n'etiti ebe egwuregwu ahụ, a na-etinyekwa oche ndị ahụ n"akụkụ dị iche iche nke karama ndị ahụ, ka ebe egwuregwu ahụ wee bụrụ ahịrị. Ndị sonyere abụọ ahụ na-amalite n'etiti site na karama, na-agba ọsọ n'oche ha, na-anọdụ ala, na-ewepụ akpụkpọ ụkwụ ha, ma tụba akpụkpọ ụkwụ ya na karama. Onye ọ bụla kụrụ karama ha na nke mbụ na-emeri.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Shoe Toss|work=ythmin.com|url=https://ythmin.com/shoe-toss/|accessdate=2021-03-07|language=en-AU}}</ref> Tụfuo akpụkpọ ụkwụ nke egwuregwu vidiyo.  Ọkara Nwụrụ Anwụ maka Ọkara Nwụrụ Anwụ 2 na-egosi otu esi egwu egwuregwu ahụ.  Egwuregwu ahụ na-etinye onye ọkpụkpọ ahụ n'ime ụlọ square nke nwere ọnụ ụzọ n'akụkụ niile, ọ dịkwa mkpa ka ị nyochaa ụlọ dị iche iche iji chọta ụzọ.  Agbanyeghị, ọtụtụ n'ime ụlọ ndị ahụ nwere ọnyà na-egbu egbu.  Onye tụpụrụ akpụkpọ ụkwụ na onye ọkpụkpọ na-abụghị nke ụlọ nwere ọnya.  Onye ọkpụkpọ ahụ tụpụrụ akpụkpọ ụkwụ ya n'ime ụlọ ahụ, mana ejideghị ya.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2016-09-26|title=Half Dead (Video Game)|url=https://www.dreadcentral.com/reviews/191312/half-dead-video-game/|accessdate=2021-03-07|work=Dread Central|language=en-US}}</ref> == Ihe ịchọ mma == [[Faịlụ:Shoe_tree_at_Morley_field.jpg|thumb|Osisi akpụkpọ ụkwụ na San Diego, California]] Mgbe ụfọdụ, m na-atụba akpụkpọ ụkwụ m n'elu osisi ma echere m na ọ "dị mfe iyi"[1]  Mgbe ụfọdụ, ị nwere ike ịchọ osisi ma ọ bụ osisi ọzọ n'otu ụzọ ahụ.<ref name="rsa">[http://www.roadsideamerica.com/set/shoetrees.html Shoe Trees]. Roadside America.</ref> N'ozuzu, ị nwere ike ịhụ osisi akpụkpọ ụkwụ n'akụkụ okporo ụzọ na mpaghara ahụ ma nwee ike inwe isiokwu (dị ka akpụkpọ ụkwụ). == Hụkwa == * Abandoned footwear - Akpụkpọ ụkwụ furu efu ma ọ bụ tụfuru n'ihu ọha * Bolas - Ụdị ngwá agha a na-atụba n'arọ na South America * Ghost shoes - Ihe ncheta maka ọnwụ ndị njem na-agafe agafe * Panty tree - Osisi e ji uwe ime ụmụ nwanyị chọọ mma, nke a na-ahụkarị n'okpuru ihe na-ebuli elu == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}} [[Otú:Pages with unreviewed translations]] rgu35h2ybm4t63qy7j9jbqvzavk4fz4 0 57125 644083 202128 2026-05-30T15:32:54Z Neme244 16387 added DEFAULTSORT 644083 wikitext text/x-wiki Emma Wareus (amụrụ 28 Julaị 1990) [1] bụ ihe nlere anya na ịma mma pageant onye chiri okpueze Miss Botswana 2010 ma nọchite anya obodo ya na Miss World 2010 ebe o debere onye mbụ gbagoro [2] na 30 October 2010 na Sanya, China.[3] Nke a bụ ọkwa kachasị elu maka nwanyị si obodo ya na akụkọ ntolite nke asọmpi ahụ, yana ebe kachasị elu nke eze nwanyị ịma mma Botswana kemgbe Mpule Kwelagobe meriri Miss Universe 1999 == Edemsibia == {{DEFAULTSORT:Wareus, Emma}} [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] g4pqbpfw96nsilw3x6g956rz65h66jw 0 57268 644079 202303 2026-05-30T15:27:17Z Mirah50 16972 Fixed reference errors 644079 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|title=}} Tarlach Ó hUid (née Augustus Walter Hood; 13 Jenụarị 1917 – 30 Ọktoba 1990) bụ onye ọkọ akụkọ ihe mere eme, onye edemede na onye ode akwụkwọ bụ onye ghọrọ onye otu ndị agha Irish Republican Army n'oge Agha IIwa nke Abụọ..<ref>{{Cite web|title=Tarlach Ó hUid|url=https://portraidi.ie/en/tarlach-o-huid/|work=Portráidí}}</ref> == Oge ọ malitere == A mụrụ Augustus Walter Hood na 13 Jenụwarị 1917 na South Deptford, London, otu n'ime ụmụ nwoke atọ nke ụmụ nwanyị abụọ, amụrụ Augustus Walter Hood, onye rụrụ ọrụ dịka onye ọkwá nkà mgbe Agha Ụwa Mbụ gasịrị, nye nwunye ya, Ada Brockwell.  Naanị njikọ dị n'etiti ezinụlọ ya na Ireland bụ eziokwu na nne ya, Mary Anne Martha Henry, sitere na Cork, ma n'agbanyeghị nke a, ụmụnna ka bụ ndị òtù Conradh na Gaeilge, na mgbe e mesịrị ndị òtù IRA na ndị òtù Cumann na mBan.  Ọ bụ onye Baptist, na Ọgọstọs bụ nwa akwụkwọ Sunday nke Methodist nke na-aga chọọchị.[1] Hood nwere mmasị na akwụkwọ mgbe ọ bụ nwata, na-aga ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị Greenwich.  Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ, Hood rụrụ ọrụ dị ka odeakwụkwọ n'ọtụtụ ụlọ ọrụ ma bụrụ onye so na Greenshirt Movement for Social Credit.  Hood nwere mmetụta dị ukwuu na akwụkwọ Ireland, Scenery, Character etc., 1842 saịtị nke Oriakụ S.C.  Ụlọ Nzukọ, anyị malitere ịmụ Irish na saịtị nke Eugene O'Growney's Simple Lessons na Irish series.  Ọ nọrọ izu abụọ n’oge okpomọkụ nke 1936 na Dublin, echere m na ọ dị mkpa ka otu Gael ghọọ onye Katọlik, ọ ghọkwara onye Katọlik na 1937.. == Ndị otu IRA == Mgbe ọ nọ na Ireland, ọ sonyeere IRA na London wee kwaga Donegal Gaeltacht na Strabane, ebe a manyere ya ịkwaga Belfast, ebe ọ zutere nwunye ya n'ọdịnihu, Eilís Ní Earáin, onye IRA ọzọ.[1]  Tarlach Ó hUid ghọrọ onye nchịkọta akụkọ IRA War News n'okpuru Terry Wilson.  N'okpuru nchịkọta akụkọ nke Ó Huid, akwụkwọ ahụ gosipụtara pro-German, ịkpa ókè agbụrụ na-emegide ndị Juu, IRA na-eji bọmbụ German na obodo Britain, ebubo nke ndị agha na-agba ọsọ na ndị Irish enweghị ike ịrụ ọrụ, mgbochi Semitism nke ọchịchị Éamon de Valera na njikwa nke Freemasons.[2]  Ọ tọrọ ntọala ma gbasaa ụlọ ọrụ redio nke IRA na-akwadoghị, Irish Republican Radio. Na 1940, ọ kwagara na Crumlin Road House, wee kwaga na Derry House afọ abụọ wee laghachi na Crumlin Street ka afọ abụọ ọzọ gasịrị.  A tọhapụrụ ya na 8 Disemba 1945, a tọhapụrụ ndị ikpeazụ n'ime ha.  N'ụlọ mkpọrọ ahụ, ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye isi ụlọ mkpọrọ, ma mepụta magazin 4.5 Ghlas maka ndị mkpọrọ, ma kụziere ndị mkpọrọ asụsụ Irish asụsụ.  N'afọ 1943, Uid Enweela, onye IRA na-esochi Stephen Hayes fiasco nwere nkụda mmụọ, a manyere ịgba arụkwaghịm, mana ọ jụrụ ịgwa ndị ọchịchị na ya agaghị eso na mba Ireland.[1]  Na December 1944, Ó hUid sonyeere Glún na Buaidhe n'ọọọ.  Akwụkwọ bụ An Bealach chun an Bhearnais, nke e bipụtara na 1949. <ref name="dilb" /> == Ịtọhapụ ya n'ụlọ mkpọrọ na ndụ ya == Mgbe a tọhapụrụ Ó hUid, ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka odeakwụkwọ nke Belfast's Conradh na Gaeilge na ọ bụ onye otu ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Fascist Ailtirí na hAiséirghe.  [1] N'agbata Nọvemba 1945 na Jenụwarị 1946, Ó hUid bipụtara ọtụtụ mkpirisi akụkọ n'otu isiokwu dị ka An Iris.  Na 1946, ọ lụrụ Eilís Ní Earáin nke Belfast, bụ́ onye ya na ya mụrụ ụmụ abụọ, nwa nwoke sitere na Tarlach na nwunye sitere na Gráinne, na 1948 ọ kwagara Dublin, bụ́ ebe ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye mgbasa ozi redio.  O mechara nweta ọrụ dịka onye nchịkọta akụkọ akwụkwọ akụkọ Inniu, ebe ọ bụ onye nchịkọta akụkọ site na 1972 ruoakwụkwọ akụkọ ahụ gbasara na 1984.<ref name="ainm">{{Cite web|title=Ó hUID, Tarlach (1917–1990)|url=https://www.ainm.ie/Bio.aspx?ID=1560|work=ainm.ie}}</ref> Ó hUid tinyere ọtụtụ ndụ n'ime akwụkwọ ahụ mgbe a tọhapụrụ ya, o dere nchịkọta akụkọ mkpirisi nke a na-akpọ Taobh thall den__ilo____ilo____ilo__ nke 1950, An dá trá nke 1952, akụkọ njem ụmụaka abụọ a na-akpọ Everytra Nollag nke 1960 nke Éalú nke 1961, Adios of a Rachten nke 195 978. Mgbakwunye nke a, o  E kewara akụkọ obodo ahụ na 1945, Ar Thóir na Shealbha na 1960 na 4.5 Ghlas na 1985, ihe mbụ kpatara esemokwu dị ka Ó hUid, IRA, ana m arịọ mgbaghara maka ịbụ otu n'ime ha.  Máirtín Ó Cadhain akwụkwọ Ó hUid na Feasta na Ó hUed kweere na Ó hUed nwere mmasị karịsịa n'eziokwu na Ó hHUid họọrọ ịghọ onye Katọlik na ọtụtụ ndị Republican ga-ahọrọ ya ka ọ bụrụ "Protestant".  Onye mbipụta Routledge & Kegan Paul gosipụtara mmasị ide akụkọ ndụ na bekee mana ọ jụrụ inye ikike..<ref name="dilb">{{Cite web|title=Ó hUid, Tarlach|url=https://www.dib.ie/biography/o-huid-tarlach-a6380|work=Dictionary of Irish Biography}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://www.dib.ie/biography/o-huid-tarlach-a6380 "Ó hUid, Tarlach"]. ''Dictionary of Irish Biography''.</cite></ref> == Ọnwụ == Ó hUid nwụrụ na 30 Ọktoba 1990 ma lie ya na Glasnevin Cemetery. == Ọrụ == * Otu Bealach chun an Bhearnais (1949) * Ọ bụ n'afọ 1950 ka a na-akpọ Taobh * Otu afọ n'afọ 1952) * ''Ar Thóir mo Shealbha'' (1960) * Eachtra Nollag (1960) * Éalú (1961) * ''Adios'' (1975) * ''Rachtanna feirge, brọin agus grá'' (1978) * Faina Ghlas (1985) == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}} eij2esmomkunci3ps559mvkl7g9ic4f 0 57277 644235 202313 2026-05-30T19:43:21Z Wikipedian12512(alt) 61413 ce 644235 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="infobox vcard" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;" |<div class="fn" style="display:inline;">D. P. Moran</div> |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-image" |[[File:David_Patrick_Moran.png|243x243px]] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;" |A mụrụ ya | class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;" |David Patrick Moran <span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1869-03-22</span>)</span> 22 Machị 1869 [[Waterford]], Ireland<br /><br /> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;" |Nwụrụ | class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;" |31 Jenụwarị 1936 <span style="display:none">(1936-01-31)</span> (afọ 66) Skerries, County Dublin, Ireland&nbsp;<br /> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;" |Aha mkpịsị akwụkwọ | class="infobox-data nickname" style="line-height:1.4em;" |Tom O'Kelly |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;" |Ọrụ | class="infobox-data role" style="line-height:1.4em;" |Onye nta akụkọ, onye na-eme ngagharị iwe, onye na -ekwu |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;" |Mba | class="infobox-data category" style="line-height:1.4em;" |Ndị Irish |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;" |Mmụta | class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;" |[[Castleknock College|Kọleji Castleknock]]<br />[[University of London|Mahadum nke London]] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;" |Ụdị | class="infobox-data category" style="line-height:1.4em;" |Ịhụ mba n'anya |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;" |Njem edemede | class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;" |[[Celtic Revival|Mbilite n'Ọnwụ nke Ndị Celt]] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;" |Ọrụ ndị a ma ama | class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;" |''Nkà ihe ọmụma nke Irish Ireland'' |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;" |Nwunye | class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;" |Catherine O'Toole |} David Patrick Moran (Irish: Dáithí Pádraig Ó Móráin; 22 Maris 1869 - 31 Janairu 1936), wanda aka fi sani da DP Moran, ɗan jaridar Irish ne, mai fafutuka kuma mai koyar da al'adu da siyasa, wanda aka sani da babban mai goyon bayan al'ummar Katolika na Gaelic musamman a farkon karni na 20, ba ya inganta ra'ayoyinsa na Celtic  Jagora, da tarin labaransa a matsayin littafin The Philosophy of Irish Ireland . An haife shi a Manor, ƙauyen gari a Waterford, ƙaramin cikin yara ashirin da aka haifa ga James Moran, magini, da Elizabeth (Casey) Moran.[1]  [2] Ɗaya daga cikin 'yan'uwansa zai yi aiki a cikin tawagar tsaro na Patrick O'Donnell.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ainm.ie/Bio.aspx?ID=462|title="MORAN, David Patrick (1869–1936)|accessdate=27 July 2022}}</ref> Ya yi karatu a Kwalejin Castleknock, kusa da Dublin kafin ya yi aiki a matsayin ɗan jarida a London, inda ya kasance memba na Ƙungiyar Adabin Irish.  Salon kishin kasa da ra'ayin kawar da ikon kasar Ireland shine na al'ummar Irish mai magana da Roman Katolika, yana haɓaka farfaɗo da Harshen Irish da Wasannin Gaelic a cikin rayuwar al'adun Irish.  Yakan yi amfani da kalmomin wulakanci ("West Brits", "haske", "sourcefaces") don komawa ga 'yan kungiyar tarayya da/ko wadanda ba Katolika ba..<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ainm.ie/Bio.aspx?ID=462|title="MORAN, David Patrick (1869–1936)|accessdate=27 July 2022}}</ref> == Ireland na Ireland == Duk da gazawar Dokar Dokokin Gida ta 1893 da kuma rabuwar Jam'iyyar Majalissar Irish a 1891, 'yan kishin kasa sun dauki zuciya daga jawabin Douglas Hyde na 1892, mai suna "Bukatar De-anglicising Ireland".  Moran ya gina kan wannan maƙala kuma ya ba da faffadan hangen nesa ga masu sha'awar sha'awa, musamman lokacin da aka haɗa ƙungiyoyin ƙasa da yawa a shekara ta 1900.. N'ihe odide ya nke 1905 The Philosophy of Irish-Ireland, Moran kwuru na ịbụ onye Irish chọrọ: * ojiji nke Asụsụ Irish * ndị otu na Chọọchị Roman Katọlik * echiche na-emegide ihe onwunwe na ndụ * igwu egwu naanị Egwuregwu Gaelic Ọ bụ ezie na ọ bụ onye na-akwado iji asụsụ Irish eme ihe, ọ dịghị mgbe ọ ghọrọ onye na-asụ asụsụ ahụ nke ọma. O kwusiri ike iji Bekee eme ihe na 1908-1909 dị ka "mgbasa ozi na-arụsi ọrụ ike, nke na-ele anya, na nke na-enweghị obi ebere n'asụsụ Bekee. " N'ikpeazụ, mgbe Irish ghọrọ asụsụ ndị mmadụ ọzọ ọzọ, ojiji ya ga-eme ka a nyochaa echiche ọ bụla a na-anaghị anabata nke e dere n'asụsụ bekee. Ko da yake Moran ya ce ra'ayin 'Gael' shine wanda zai iya tara wasu, ya kuma yi tunanin cewa zai yi wahala membobin Cocin Ireland waɗanda suke Unionists su cancanci zama mutanen Irish, kasancewa 'baƙi'.  [1] Wannan ya kai ga adabin Anglo-Irish.  Ya ƙi gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Abbey kuma ya yi tambaya game da hazakar Yeats.[2]  Ya yi magana kan tasirin da ake zargin Moran na Birtaniyya kan jami'o'in Ireland, yana mai cewa: "Dukkanmu Palemen ne yanzu".  Dangane da bambance-bambancen addini, Daniel O'Connell ya ce a cikin 1826 cewa ' Katolika na [Roman] na Ireland al'umma ce'.  Moran ya wuce haka, yana mai tabbatarwa a cikin 1901 cewa '... al'ummar Irish hakika al'ummar Katolika ce.[3]  Moran ya kasance mai adawa da yancin mata. == Belfast na Ireland == Labarinsa yakan kwatanta "Belfast" da "Ireland", kuma yana fatan Belfast zai iya canzawa kuma ya yarda.  Ya yi tunanin cewa Ulster unionists ya kamata: "...na gode wa al'ummar Irish don shirye-shiryenta na maraba da su".    Littafin nasa ya buga kasidu da dama daga nan gaba TD Arthur Clery (wanda ya rubuta a karkashin sunan alkalami "Chanel"), wanda ya goyi bayan ballewa saboda 'yan Ulster unionists wata kasa ce ta daban, amma Moran da kansa bai yarda ba: "Ya ki amincewa da ainihin 'yan Furotesta na Arewa." A lokacin da Jamhuriyar Ireland ta fara yakin Anglo-Irish a shekara ta 1919, tarzomar adawa da Katolika ta barke a Belfast a cikin 1920 da 1922. Moran ya ce hakan ya faru ne ta hanyar Orangeism, wanda ya bayyana a matsayin "ciwo da ciwon daji" a Ireland.  Ya kuma ce “Imani na Katolika a yankuna shida ya kasance kai tsaye saboda bangaskiyar Orange".   <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2009)">citation needed</span>]]''&#x5D;</sup> == Nkwado maka Nkwekọrịta ahụ == Moran da farko ya kasance mai goyon bayan Jam'iyyar 'Yan Majalissar Irish, yana mai imani cewa rabuwar da Arthur Griffith's Sinn Féin ya yi bai dace ba;  duk da haka, ya yi adawa da goyon bayan John Redmond na kokarin yakin duniya na Birtaniya. Moran ya goyi bayan yarjejeniyar Anglo-Irish da aka amince a cikin 1921-22, kuma ya ga rabe-raben Ireland yana da fa'ida ga al'adun Irish na gaske a cikin Jihar 'Yancin Irish.  Wannan ya haifar da sauyi a tunaninsa;  daga yanzu, Arewacin Ireland za a iya watsi da shi cikin aminci, tare da abin da ya gani a matsayin mugayen Ingilishi na 'tunanin 'yanci, kasuwanci na kyauta, da adabi na kyauta'.    Ya ce dole ne a kiyaye rayuwa da al'adun Irish daga tasirin waje, gami da tagwayen mugayen masana'antar kiɗa da jaridun Ingilishi.[1]  Sabuwar kidan jazz na shekarun 1920 da sauran tasirin al'adun kasashen waje an yi watsi da su a matsayin "sharar waje da lalata."". == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}} == Ebe e si nweta ya == * Maume, Patrick ''D. P. Moran'' (Dublin, Historical Association of Ireland, 1995) * Mathews, P.J. Revival (Field Day series vol. 12, Cork, 2003) passim; index p. 205 ( ) &nbsp;  * Moran, D.P. The Philosophy of Irish Ireland (nke mbụ e bipụtara na 1905; 2006 nke UCD Press bipụtara na mmeghe nke Patrick Maume) dak7baigkp8his19d095xuwy23mbt3m 0 57334 644237 202395 2026-05-30T19:44:18Z Wikipedian12512(alt) 61413 ce 644237 wikitext text/x-wiki Our Lady of the Annunciation Cathedral [1] nke a na-akpọkwa Catholic Maronite Cathedral nke Ibadan bụ aha e nyere ụlọ okpukpere chi nke jikọrọ Ụka Katọlik nke dị n'obodo Ibadan isi obodo steeti Oyo na ndịda ọdịda anyanwụ nke mba Africa nke Nigeria.[2]. O kwesịghị ịdị mgbagwoju anya na Katidral St. Mary dị n'otu obodo ahụ mana nke ahụ na-agbaso usoro Latin ma ọ bụ Roman ma bụrụ ebe obibi nke Archdiocese mepere emepe nke Ibadan. Ọ bụ ụlọ nsọ mbụ e tọrọ nkume mbụ ya n’afọ 2000, e dokwara ya nsọ mgbe afọ abụọ gachara.[1] Ọ na-agbaso usoro Maronite ma ọ bụ Antiochene bụ isi ụka nke Maronite Apostolic Exarchate nke West na Central Africa (Exarchatus Apostolicus Africae Centralis et Occidentalis) nke e mere site na mkpebi nke Pope Francis site na ehi "Patrimonium ecclesiarum" na January 13, 2014.. A raara ya nye Virgin Mary kpọmkwem maka ihe omume Bible nke Annunciation ma nọrọ n'okpuru ọrụ nke Nna Simon Faddoul. == Hụkwa == * Okpukpe Katọlik na Naijiria * Our Lady of the Annunciation Cathedral, Boston USA == Edemsibia == tmfuqb5d09q39mk9ju9wxroyolu6bzc 0 57415 644555 202524 2026-05-31T07:00:15Z Nachi kim 20090 Fixed reference error 644555 wikitext text/x-wiki Onye hụrụ nnụnụ n'anya, nke a makwaara dị ka The Prince dị ka Nnụnụ, [1] bụ ụdị nhazi akụkọ n'ime akụkọ ifo, mba. 432 na usoro nhazi ọkwa Aarne-Thompson. N’ụdị akụkọ a na-ahụkarị, nwanyị na-enweta onye hụrụ nnụnụ n’anya—onye a ma ama n’ụdị nnụnụ—bụ onye e merụrụ ahụ site n’ọnyà di nwanyị ahụ kpara, dị ka ihe dị nkọ nke edobere n’èzí windo nwanyị ahụ. Ọ na-eso ụzọ nnụnụ ahụ merụrụ ahụ, gwọọ ya, wee lụọ ya.<ref name="boivin">{{Cite book|author=Boivin|first=Jeanne-Marie|editor=Jean Dufournet|title=Amour et merveille: les Lais de Marie de France|year=1995|publisher=Champion|language=fr|location=Paris|pages=147–68|chapter=Bisclavret et Muldumarec: La part de l'ombre dans les ''Lais''}}</ref> Na agụmakwụkwọ French, a na-akpọkarị ụdị a "l'oiseau bleu" ma ọ bụ "''Nnụnụ na-acha anụnụ anụnụ''", nke a kpọrọ aha ya maka akụkọ Madame d'Aulnoy.<ref name="boivin"/> == Mmalite ya == Onye na-akọ akụkọ ọdịnala Jack Haney chọtara mmalite nke ụdị akụkọ ahụ na France na Germany na Middle Ages. A na-ahụ ihe atụ nke motif n'otu n'ime Marie de France's Lais, "Yonec", n'agbanyeghị na lai na-etolite n'ụzọ dịtụ iche: kama njedebe obi ụtọ, lai na-ejedebe na ọdachi.[1][2] A na-achọta "ọkaibe rationalization" nke ụdị a na Chrétien de Troyes's Lancelot, the Knight of the Cart, ebe Lancelot pụtara na mpio Guinevere nke ukwuu machibido ma bepụ mkpịsị aka ya na-ehulata ogwe ndị ahụ azụ..<ref name="mandel">{{Cite book|author=Mandel|first=Jerome|editor=Piero Boitani|others=Anna Torti|title=The Body and the Soul in Medieval Literature: The J.A.W. Bennett Memorial Lectures, Tenth Series, Perugia, 1998|chapterurl=https://books.google.com/books?id=mckhSghfWM4C&pg=PA71|accessdate=15 November 2012|year=1999|publisher=Boydell & Brewer|isbn=9780859915458|pages=63–78|chapter='Polymorphous Sexualities' in Chrétien de Troyes and Sir Thomas Malory}}</ref> Onye ọkà mmụta Sweden bụ Waldemar Liungmann gosikwara ''Yonec'' dị ka onye bu ụzọ na ụdị akụkọ ahụ. Otú ọ dị, o kwukwara na n'akụkọ "ọdịnala ndị ọzọ", ọkachasị site na India na Persia, onye na-ahụ n'anya na-abịa na dike ahụ n'ụdị nnụnụ, ma n'ihe banyere nke ahụ, o depụtara akụkọ "King Parrot", site na nsụgharị Turkish nke narị afọ nke iri na ise nke The Seven Wise Masters. <ref>{{Cite book|doi=10.1515/9783112618004-004|chapter=Zaubermärchen|title=Die Schwedischen Volksmärchen|year=1961|isbn=978-3-11-261800-4}}</ref> == Nchịkọta == Ụdị ụfọdụ nwere ike ịmalite dịka ATU 425C, "Beauty and the Beast": nwa nwanyị nke atọ rịọrọ nna ya maka onyinye, ihe ncheta nke bụ nke Prince Bird nke ọ ga-eji kpọtụrụ ya. N'akụkọ ndị ọzọ, a tọrọ onye dike ahụ n'ụlọ elu dị elu, nke naanị nwa eze na-enweta n'ụdị nnụnụ ya. N'agbanyeghị mmalite ya, onye na-ahụ nwanyị ahụ n'anya na-emesị merụọ ahụ n'ụdị nnụnụ ya site na mma, iberibe iko ma ọ bụ ogwu nke ụmụnne nwanyị ahụ hapụrụ. Nwa Nnụnụ ahụ na-apụ n'anya laghachi n'alaeze ya ma dike ahụ na-eso ya na-ezube ịgwọ ọnyá ya. Usoro agụmakwụkwọ (dịka, Jan-Öjvind Swahn [sv], Aurelio Macedonio Espinosa Sr., Georgios A. Megas [el]) na-amata nnwere onwe nke akụkọ ahụ, mana na-arụ ụka na ọ nwere ike dabara dị ka ụdị nke ụdị akụkọ izugbe karịa, ATU 425, “Chọọ maka ihe efu, n'ihi ikike ha. motifs na n'ọchịchọ nke dike ahụ maka di ya nke furu efu <ref>{{Cite book|author=Megas|first=Georgios A.|title=Das Märchen von Amor und Psyche in der griechischen Volksüberlieferung|series=Πραγματειαι της Ακαδημιας Αθηνων|location=Athens|publisher=Grapheion Dēmosieumatōn tēs Akadēmias Athēnōn|date=1971}}</ref> . === Ihe Ndị E Mere Ya === Dị ka Samia Al Azharia Jahn si kwuo, "n'ụdị Arabic niile", a na-etinye nwa eze nnụnụ n'ihe ize ndụ site na iji ugegbe.<ref name="auto3">{{Cite book|doi=10.1515/9783112525760-062|chapter=Anmerkungen|title=Arabische Volksmärchen|year=1970|pages=497–554|isbn=978-3-11-252576-0}}</ref> N'aka nke ya, dị ka Georgios A. Megas si kwuo, "ihe ndị e ji mara" ụdị a gụnyere dike na-anụ mkparịta ụka n'etiti ihe abụọ e kere eke (anụmanụ, dị ka nnụnụ na nkịta ọhịa) ma ọ bụ ogres abụọ banyere ọgwụgwọ nwa eze, dike ahụ na-egbu ihe ndị e kere eke ahụ (ebe ọ bụ na a na-eji akụkụ ahụ ha eme ọgwụgwọ), na dike ahụ na na-arịọ nwa eze maka ihe dị ka ụgwọ ọrụ (mgbaaka ma ọ bụ ákwà). <ref>{{Cite book|author=Megas|first=Georgios A.|title=Das Märchen von Amor und Psyche in der griechischen Volksüberlieferung|series=Πραγματειαι της Ακαδημιας Αθηνων|location=Athens|publisher=Grapheion Dēmosieumatōn tēs Akadēmias Athēnōn|date=1971}}</ref> ==== Onyinye maka dike ahụ ==== N'otu edemede dị na Enzyklopädie des Märchens, onye na-akọ akụkọ ọdịnala Christine Goldberg kwuru ọtụtụ ihe onye dike ahụ jụrụ nna ya n'ụdị akụkọ: ábụ́bà, osisi ma ọ bụ alaka, kamakwa enyo, violin, ma ọ bụ akwụkwọ. N'ụdị ndị India, onye dike ahụ na-ekwu "Sobur" ('Na-echere'), nke nna ya na-eche na ọ bụ ihe. N'otu ụzọ ahụ, Samia Al Azharia Jahn kwuru na, n'[[Arabic|Asụsụ Arabic]], onye dike ahụ rịọrọ nna ya maka ihe a na-akpọ aha ya, nke bụkwa aha Prince Bird.<ref name="auto3"/> == Nbudata == Haney kwuru na ụdị akụkọ ahụ nwere "ikesa n'ụwa niile". Dị ka ndị prọfesọ Stith Thompson, Pino Saavedra [es], Anna Angelopoulou na Aigle Broskou si kwuo, ụdị akụkọ ahụ "na-ewu ewu karịsịa" na mba Mediterenian, a na-ahụ ya Ala Iberian Peninsula na Gris. N'otu ụzọ ahụ, prọfesọ Christian Abry kwuru na ụdị akụkọ ahụ bụ "nke a na-ahụkarị" (nke a na'ahụkarị) na [[Italy|Ịtali]]. Ụdị ọdịnala ATU 432 dịkwa na akụkọ ọdịnala nke Latin America, dịka ọmụmaatụ, na [[Chile]] (The Parrot Prince). A na-ahụ ụdị dị iche iche na Canada na New Mexico. Na ''Typen türkischer Volksmärchen'' ("Turkish Folktale Catalogue"), nke Wolfram Eberhard na Pertev Naili Boratav, ndị ọkà mmụta abụọ ahụ chọpụtara usoro akụkọ ha kewara dị ka TTV 102, "Die Traube I" ("The Grape - Version I"), nke nwere ụdị 31 edebanyere aha. <ref>{{Cite journal|author=Neuman|first=Dov|title=Review of Typen Tuerkischer Volksmaerchen|journal=Midwest Folklore|date=1954|volume=4|issue=4|pages=254–259}}</ref> Akụkọ ndị a yiri ụdị akụkọ mba ụwa ATU 432, "The Prince as Bird".<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Delarue|first=Paul|title=Review of Typen türkischer Volksmärchen, (Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literatur, Veröffentlichungen der orientalischen Kommission, Band V)|journal=Arts et Traditions Populaires|date=1954|volume=2|issue=2|pages=176–181}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|author=Swahn|first=Jan Öjvind|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=s3_YAAAAMAAJ&q=%2298+%3D+A%22|title=The Tale of Cupid and Psyche|location=Lund|publisher=C.W.K. Gleerup|date=1955|quote=Their type 102 = Aa [tale type] 432.}}</ref> Ndị Germany na-akọ akụkọ ọdịnala Otto Spies [de] na Manfred Hesse kwuru na ụdị akụkọ ahụ "gbasa" na mpaghara ndị na-asụ Arabic, ọ bụ ezie na ọ nwere ihe dị iche iche. == Ndepụta akụkọ == * Nnụnụ Na-acha Ọcha * Nwa Eze Canary * Ụmụnne nwanyị Atọ ahụ * Onye Na-agba ịnyịnya Na-acha Ọcha * Nnụnụ nke Finist the Falcon * Prince Sobur * Onye Na-enwe Ndidi * Nnụnụ Na-acha Akwụkwọ ndụ * Falcon Pipiristi == Hụkwa == * Crow (akụkọ ifo) * Nnụnụ Na-acha Ọcha na Nwunye Ya * Nwa agbọghọ ahụ bụ Langa Langchung na Nkịta == Edemsibia == [[Otú:Pages with unreviewed translations]] q063c6yule1vzb9hdph9ba1x6n9x70j 0 57431 644242 202554 2026-05-30T19:46:20Z Wikipedian12512(alt) 61413 ce 644242 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|honorific-prefix=|name=Yaw Brefo Darkwa-Dwamena|honorific-suffix=|image=|caption=|constituency_MP=[[Offinso]]|parliament=Ghana|majority=|term_start=1 October 1969|term_end=13 January 1972|predecessor=Joseph Abrensu Owusu-Ansah|successor=Kwadwo Takyi-Berko|order=|office2=|term_start2=|term_end2=|president2=|predecessor2=|successor2=|birth_date=23 March 1932|birth_name=|birth_place=[[Ashanti Region]], [[Gold Coast (British colony)|Gold Coast]]|death_date=|death_place=|spouse=|children=|parents=|nationality=[[Ghanaian]]|education=[[Prempeh College]]|alma_mater=[[University of Hull]]}} Yaw Brefo Darkwa-Dwamena bụ onye isi ike Ghana na onye otu ndị omeiwu mbụ nke mba Ghana nke abụọ na-anya anya mpaghara Offinso n'okpuru ndị isi otu Progress Party.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|author=|first=|title=Ghana Parliamentary Register 1969–70|publisher=Office of the National Assembly, Accra|year=1969|isbn=|location=}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite book|author=Assembly|first=Ghana National|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0OiGAAAAIAAJ&q=Yaw+Brefo+Darkwa-Dwamena|title=Parliamentary Debates; Official Report|date=1969|language=en}}</ref> == Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ == A Darkwa-Dwamena na 23 Machị 1932 na mpaghara Ashanti nke Ghana.   Ọ gara Prempeh College, Kumasi.   Mgbe nke ahụ ahụ, ọ kwagara England iji kwalite nkwado ya na Mahadum Hull ebe ọ nzere Bachelor of Laws na iwu.   Ọ dị ọrụ dị ka onye ọka iwu tupu ọ banye n'iche omebe iwu].<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|author=|first=|title=Ghana Parliamentary Register 1969–70|publisher=Office of the National Assembly, Accra|year=1969|isbn=|location=}}<cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">''Ghana Parliamentary Register 1969–70''. Office of the National Assembly, Accra. 1969. p.&nbsp;198.</cite></ref> == ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị == Darkwa-Dwamena ụgbọ okporo ígwè ya na 1969 mgbe ọ stran onye omeiwu nke Progress Party (PP) iji nọchite anya mpaghara Offinso tupu nke mbụ aka ndị omeiwu Ghana nke afọ 1969. [1][2] Ọ ọrụ dị ka onye otu ndị omeiwu mbụ nke mba Ghana nke abụọ na 1 Ọktoba 1969 onye mgbe mmeri nke Ghana  1969. Ndị nna nna na 13 Jenụwarị 1972. <ref>{{Cite news|author=Times|first=William Borders Special to The New York|date=14 January 1972|title=Ghana's Parliament Is Dissolved by Leaders of Coup (Published 1972)|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1972/01/14/archives/ghanas-parliament-is-dissolved-by-leaders-of-coup.html|accessdate=14 March 2021}}</ref> == Ndụ onwe onye == Darkwa-Dwamena bụ Onye Kraịst na onye ọrụ ugbo koko.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|author=|first=|title=Ghana Parliamentary Register 1969–70|publisher=Office of the National Assembly, Accra|year=1969|isbn=|location=}}<cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">''Ghana Parliamentary Register 1969–70''. Office of the National Assembly, Accra. 1969. p.&nbsp;198.</cite></ref> == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}} [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] bxo9rp5a9hx08g1ayvkgu93vl05fh7k 0 57472 644564 202637 2026-05-31T07:16:03Z ~2026-32314-82 62081 Fixed reference errors 644564 wikitext text/x-wiki   Ghanananda Saraswati (onye ndụ Kewsi Essel; 12 September 1937 - 18 January 2016), nke a mara nke ọma dị ka swami Ghanananda, bụ onye swami (sannyasi) a ma ama nke Obodo Hindu na Ghana, na onye mbụ Hindu swami nke ndị nna Africa.[1]  Ọ dị ka swami site n'aka onye nwụrụ anwụ Swami Krishnananda nke India na 1975, ọ bụkwa onye isi nke Ebe obibi ndị mọnk Hindu nke Africa na Accra, Ghana.<ref name="Ghana's unique African-Hindu" /> == Akụkọ ndụ == === Oge ọ malitere === A anim Swami Ghanananda dị ka Kwesi Essel na September 12, 1937, na Senya Beraku, obodo nta dị na Central Region nke Ghana.[1]  Eziniche ya na-ekpe ndị Ghana, mana nne na nna ya mechara ihe ndị.  Site na nwata, Swami Ghanananda nwéra na ihe omimi nke akara na ala ma iji akwụkwọ dị iche.<ref name="Ghana's unique African-Hindu">{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/10401741|title=Ghana's unique African-Hindu temple|publisher=BBC News|first=Rajesh|author=Joshi|date=29 June 2010|accessdate=24 October 2021}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFJoshi2010">Joshi, Rajesh (29 June 2010). [https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/10401741 "Ghana's unique African-Hindu temple"]. BBC News<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 October</span> 2021</span>.</cite></ref> === Njem E Mere Ịnọ India === Mgbe ọ akwụkwọ akụkọ ụfọdụ metụtara Hindu, Ghanananda gara Rishikesh na Steeti India nke Uttarakhand, n'ebe ugwu India.  Ọ oge ụfọdụ n'ebe ahụ na onye ime nkuzi nke tụụrụ ya aro imeghe ebe obibi ndị mọnk na Accra..<ref name="Ghana's unique African-Hindu">{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/10401741|title=Ghana's unique African-Hindu temple|publisher=BBC News|first=Rajesh|author=Joshi|date=29 June 2010|accessdate=24 October 2021}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFJoshi2010">Joshi, Rajesh (29 June 2010). [https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/10401741 "Ghana's unique African-Hindu temple"]. BBC News<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 October</span> 2021</span>.</cite></ref> === Nzukọ mbụ ya na Swami Krishnananda === N'afọ 1962, Swami Ghanananda kwagara Accra ma na 24 Nọvemba, o akara Divine Mystic Path Society.  Mgbe ahụ, ọ ụzọ nkuzi akwụkwọ ozi gbasara ụzọ Hindu (Sanatana Dharma) na Divine Life Society nke Rishikesh, nke dị na ala ugwu Himalayas n'ebe ugwu India, ebe mbụ ọ zutere swami_Krishnananda" id="mwMg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Swami Krishnananda">Swami Krishnananda">Swami Krishnananda nke India na ya ()  1975 Swami Krishnaanda egwu Shanananda dị ka swami.<ref name="Ghana's unique African-Hindu">{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/10401741|title=Ghana's unique African-Hindu temple|publisher=BBC News|first=Rajesh|author=Joshi|date=29 June 2010|accessdate=24 October 2021}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFJoshi2010">Joshi, Rajesh (29 June 2010). [https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/10401741 "Ghana's unique African-Hindu temple"]. BBC News<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 October</span> 2021</span>.</cite></ref> == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga ==   m267yh6dgnma31408uf7wy94p5druxb 0 58022 644160 213133 2026-05-30T17:51:53Z Goodymeraj 16207 644160 wikitext text/x-wiki Elizabeth Kwatsoe Tawiah Sackey (amụrụ 6 Mee 1958) bụ onye ndọrọndọrọ ọchịchị Ghana na onye bụbu onye otu nzuko omeiwu nke Okaikwei North.[1] Ọ bụ onye otu nzuko omeiwu nke isii nke Republic of Ghana na-anọchite anya Okaikwei North Constituency na Greater Accra Region na tiketi nke New Patriotic Party. . <ref name="mps" /> A họpụtara ya dị ka onye isi obodo Accra . <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|date=2021-09-20|title=Elizabeth Sackey: The former MP set to become first female Mayor of Accra|url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/Elizabeth-Sackey-The-former-MP-set-to-become-first-female-Mayor-of-Accra-1361221|accessdate=2021-09-21|work=GhanaWeb|language=en|archivedate=22 September 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210922101347/https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/Elizabeth-Sackey-The-former-MP-set-to-become-first-female-Mayor-of-Accra-1361221}}</ref> E mechara kwado ya dị ka onye isi obodo Accra ma ọ ghọrọ nwanyị mbụ nwere ọnọdụ ahụ.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Elizabeth Sackey unanimously endorsed as Accra mayor|url=https://www.graphic.com.gh/news/politics/elizabeth-sackey-unanimously-endorsed-as-accra-mayor.html|accessdate=2021-10-08|work=Graphic Online|language=en-gb}}</ref> == Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ == A mụrụ Sackey na Asere na Accra, Ghana, na 6 Mee 1958. <ref name="mps">{{Cite web|title=Ghana MPs - MP Details - Sackey Tawiah, Kwatsoe Elizabeth|url=http://ghanamps.com/mps/details.php?id=2696|accessdate=2020-02-09|work=GhanaMps.}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[http://ghanamps.com/mps/details.php?id=2696 "Ghana MPs - MP Details - Sackey Tawiah, Kwatsoe Elizabeth"]. ''GhanaMps''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 February</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref><ref name=":1" /> Sackey bụ onye na-echekwa ego na onye na-ahụ maka akụ na ụba. O nwere asambodo na Marketing nke ọ nwetara na 2003 ma na-agbaso nzere Bachelor of Science na Administration na Mahadum Ghana ugbu a.<ref name="mps" /><ref name=":1" /> == ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị == Sackey bụ onye otu New Patriotic Party (NPP). A họpụtara ya na mbụ n'ime ndị omeiwu ka ọ nọchite anya Okaikwei North Constituency na Jenụwarị 2005. Ọ nọchitere anya n'ọfịs ọzọ na nzuko omeiwu nke ise nke [[Ghana]] mgbe a họpụtara ya ọzọ na Disemba 2008 na ntuli aka nke afọ 2008. N'afọ 2012, ọ sonyere n'ọkwa nke atọ ya na tiketi nke NPP n'ime ndị omeiwu nke isii nke mba nke anọ wee merie.<ref name="mps">{{Cite web|title=Ghana MPs - MP Details - Sackey Tawiah, Kwatsoe Elizabeth|url=http://ghanamps.com/mps/details.php?id=2696|accessdate=2020-02-09|work=GhanaMps.}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[http://ghanamps.com/mps/details.php?id=2696 "Ghana MPs - MP Details - Sackey Tawiah, Kwatsoe Elizabeth"]. ''GhanaMps''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 February</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> == Ọrụ == Tupu aghọọ onye omeiwu, Sackey rụrụ ọrụ dịka onye isi ode akwụkwọ na ụlọ akụ azụmahịa Ghana. Ọ ghọrọ onye otu nzuko omeiwu.[1] Ọ bụ osote onye minista na mpaghara Greater Accra site na 2017 ruo 2020. Na Septemba 2021, Nana Akufo-Addo họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ onye isi nke AMA.[2][3] Ugbu a ọ bụ onyeisi obodo Accra <ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-10-07|title=Elizabeth Sackey confirmed as AMA’s 1st female MCE|url=https://citinewsroom.com/2021/10/elizabeth-sackey-confirmed-as-amas-1st-female-mce/|accessdate=2021-10-08|work=Citinewsroom - Comprehensive News in Ghana|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Elizabeth K. T. Sackey {{!}} World Bank Live|url=https://live.worldbank.org/experts/elizabeth-k-t-sackey#readmore|accessdate=2023-07-31|work=live worldbank}}</ref> == Ndụ onwe onye == Sackey lụrụ di ma nwee ụmụ anọ. Ọ bụ Onye Kraịst na-efe ofufe na Chọọchị Pentikọst . <ref name="mps">{{Cite web|title=Ghana MPs - MP Details - Sackey Tawiah, Kwatsoe Elizabeth|url=http://ghanamps.com/mps/details.php?id=2696|accessdate=2020-02-09|work=GhanaMps.}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[http://ghanamps.com/mps/details.php?id=2696 "Ghana MPs - MP Details - Sackey Tawiah, Kwatsoe Elizabeth"]. ''GhanaMps''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 February</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=Elizabeth K. T. Sackey, Biography|url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/person/Elizabeth-K-T-Sackey-1223|accessdate=2021-09-21|work=GhanaWeb.}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://www.ghanaweb.com/person/Elizabeth-K-T-Sackey-1223 "Elizabeth K. T. Sackey, Biography"]. ''GhanaWeb''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 September</span> 2021</span>.</cite></ref> == Edensibia == {{DEFAULTSORT:Sackey, Elizabeth K.T.}} [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] rqpz3s7ew4l24q0yz6ojp1n9amt0vc2 0 58635 644590 203982 2026-05-31T09:39:56Z Vivian Amalachukwu 17172 Fixed reference error 644590 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Wanyam''' ma ọ bụ '''Wanham''' (Wañam, Huanyam) bụ asụsụ Chapacuran nke Rondônia, n'etiti osimiri São Miguel na Cautário . Abitana bụ olumba. Ezinụlọ ole na ole kwuru ya n'afọ ndị 1970 mana ọ dị ugbu a. == Olumba == Olumba nke Wanyam: <ref name="Mason-1950">{{Cite book|author=Mason|first=John Alden|authorlink=John Alden Mason|date=1950|chapter=The languages of South America|editor=Steward|title=Handbook of South American Indians|pages=157–317|publisher=[[Smithsonian Institution]], [[Bureau of American Ethnology]] Bulletin 143|location=Washington, D.C., Government Printing Office}}<cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFMason1950">[[John Alden Mason|Mason, John Alden]] (1950). "The languages of South America". In Steward, Julian (ed.). ''Handbook of South American Indians''. Vol.&nbsp;6. Washington, D.C., Government Printing Office: [[Smithsonian Institution]], [[Bureau of American Ethnology]] Bulletin 143. pp.&nbsp;<span class="nowrap">157–</span>317.</cite></ref> * Cabishi (nke na-adịghị mma) * Kujuna * Cumaná (Cutianá) * Matama (Matawa) * Urunamacan * Pawumwa (Abitana Wanyam) Lévi-Strauss atụpụtawokwa ngwaahịa asụsụ ''Huanyam'' nke nwere Mataua Cujuna (Cuijana), Urunamakan, Cabishi, Cumaná, Abitana-Huanyam (sitere na data Snethlage), na Pawumwa (nke sitere na data Haseman ). <ref name="Mason-1950" /> == Ntụaka == iche iche nke fọrọ nke nta{{Reflist}} eh1nl4aa5k6r9trkq13vp7avxvkb6e9 0 58725 644002 386717 2026-05-30T13:23:38Z Iwuala chisom 17246 Fixed reference errors 644002 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Suzanna Owiyo (amuru May 10, 1975) bu onye egwu Kenya na onye egwu egwu. Ọ bụ onye nnọchi anya United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) Goodwill Ambassador wee nye ya Order of the Grand Warrior of Kenya Award na 2011. == Ndụ == A mụrụ Owíyo n'obodo Kasaye, Nyakach <ref name="unep"/> na 1975 na Kisumu County. O nwere ihe nketa Luo.<ref name="pam"/> Nna nna ya bụ onye na-akpọ Nyatiti mere ka ọ mata egwu.<ref name="french"/> N'afọ 2004, ọ nọ na Oslo ebe ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka akụkụ nke Nobel Peace Prize Concert <ref>{{Cite web|author=Mahugu|first=Jacqueline|title=Suzanna Owiyo's life lessons|url=https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/article/2001317910/suzanna-owiyos-life-lessons|accessdate=2024-11-28|work=The Standard|language=en}}</ref> maka Wangari Maathai. Na 2006, Owiyo jikọrọ aka na onye ọbụ abụ Congo M'bilia Bel na otu "Kokoka", nke mere ka ha bụrụ nhọpụta maka mmekorita kacha mma na mbipụta 7th nke Kisima Music Awards.[1][2][3] Na 2008 ọ bụrụ abụ na Nelson Mandela 90th Birthday Tribute na London ma ọ nọ na Spain na WUMEX na Seville.[4] N'afọ 2009 ọ nọ na Mandela Fete na Ụlọ Nzukọ Radio City na-eme ihe dị ka mmadụ 70,000 na ndị na-ege TV nke 50m. Ọ sonyeere dịka kpakpando ndị a kpọrọ òkù na-abụ abụ "Obi ụtọ ụbọchị ọmụmụ" nye Mandela ebe Stevie Wonder na-akpọ piano.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-07-03|title=Owiyo stars at Mandela fete in New York|url=https://nation.africa/kenya/news/owiyo-stars-at-mandela-fete-in-new-york--599276|accessdate=2024-11-28|work=Nation|language=en}}</ref> N'afọ 2010, a họpụtara ya maka onyinye Redio France International's Découvertes 2010. <ref name="french">{{Cite web|title=Découvrez et écoutez la chanteuse kenyane Suzanna Owiyo|url=https://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/index2.php?url=http://www.rfi.fr/com/20100813-decouvrez-ecoutez-chanteuse-kenyane-suzanna-owiyo#federation=archive.wikiwix.com&tab=url|accessdate=2024-11-28|work=RFI|language=fr}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/index2.php?url=http://www.rfi.fr/com/20100813-decouvrez-ecoutez-chanteuse-kenyane-suzanna-owiyo#federation=archive.wikiwix.com&tab=url "Découvrez et écoutez la chanteuse kenyane Suzanna Owiyo"]. ''RFI'' (in French)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-11-28</span></span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)]]</ref> Ọ bụ onye nnọchi anya Goodwill maka United Nations Environment Programme ma nye ya Order of the Grand Warrior of Kenya Award na 2011. <ref>{{Cite news|author=Mbatia|first=Beth|date=10 March 2013|title=Kenya: Suzanna Owiyo Calls for Tolerance|url=https://allafrica.com/stories/201303180381.html|accessdate=27 November 2024|work=AllAfrica}}</ref><ref name="unep">{{Cite web|author=Programme|first=United Nations Environment|date=2017-10-17|title=Suzanna Owiyo {{!}} UNEP - UN Environment Programme|url=https://www.unep.org/ar/node/13597|accessdate=2024-11-28|work=www.unep.org|language=ar}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFProgramme2017">Programme, United Nations Environment (2017-10-17). [https://www.unep.org/ar/node/13597 "Suzanna Owiyo | UNEP - UN Environment Programme"]. ''www.unep.org'' (in Arabic)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-11-28</span></span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 Arabic-language sources (ar)]]</ref> == Nyotiti == Ọ bụrụ abụ ma kpọọ ụbọ akwara ruo mgbe egwú Ayub Ogada na Anyango chetara ya ụbọ akhara asatọ nke ọdịnala Nyotiti. Egwú ya jikọtara egwu ọdịda anyanwụ ọdịda anyanwụ na ụdị nke oge a. Abọm ya ''Yamo Kudho'' malitere na abụ nke gụnyere egwu sitere na Nyotiti na Orutu. Nyotiti bụ ngwá egwú ndị ikom na-akpọ ma Owiyo na Anyango ghọrọ ihe atụ nye ndị ọzọ na ụmụ nwanyị nwekwara ike ịkpọ ngwá egwú ahụ.<ref name="pam">{{Cite web|date=2021-09-07|title=A history of Nyatiti and the masters who play her name|url=https://pan-african-music.com/en/a-history-of-nyatiti/|accessdate=2024-11-28|work=PAM - Pan African Music|language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://pan-african-music.com/en/a-history-of-nyatiti/ "A history of Nyatiti and the masters who play her name"]. ''PAM - Pan African Music''. 2021-09-07<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-11-28</span></span>.</cite></ref> == Edemsibia == [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 18c7vsa1jessnxoscnjom633533di4t 0 58726 644318 385340 2026-05-30T21:15:01Z Geraldine Kene 23189 Fixed reference error 644318 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Yvonne Adhiambo Owuor (amụrụ 1968) bụ onye odee Kenya bụ onye dere akwụkwọ akụkọ, mkpirisi na edemede. Ọ meriri ihe nrite 2003 Caine maka edemede Africa maka akụkọ ya "Arọ nke Whispers". == Agụmakwụkwọ na ndụ ọrụ == Amụrụ na Nairobi, Kenya, Owuor mụọ asụsụ bekee na Mahadum Kenyatta, tupu ya ewere MA na mmepe TV/Video na Mahadum Reading. O nwetara MPhil na Creative Writing na Mahadum Queensland, Australia. Owuor rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye na-ede ihe nkiri na site na 2003 ruo 2005 bụ onye isi nchịkwa nke Zanzibar International Film Festival.[1] Edemede ya apụtala n'ọtụtụ akwụkwọ n'ụwa niile, gụnyere Kwani? na McSweeney's, na akụkọ ya "The Knife Grinder's Tale" ka emere ka ọ bụrụ obere ihe nkiri nke otu aha, ewepụtara na 2007.[2][3] N'afọ 2010, ya na Binyavanga Wainaina, Owuor sonyeere na mmemme "Pilgrimages" nke Chinua Achebe Center wee gaa Kinshasa, ma buru n'obi iwepụta akwụkwọ gbasara ahụmahụ ya.[4] Ọ bụ onye nyere aka na 2019 anthology New Daughters of Africa, nke Margaret Busby deziri.<ref>{{Cite web|first=David|author=Ruiz|date=5 August 2019|title=New Daughters of Africa at Edinburgh International Book Festival|url=https://www.blackhistorymonth.org.uk/article/section/latest-events/new-daughters-of-africa-at-edinburgh-international-book-festival/|accessdate=7 November 2021|work=Black History Month}}</ref> == Ihe odide == === ''Uzuzu'' === Akwụkwọ akụkọ Owuor nke afọ 2014 bụ Dust gosipụtara akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Kenya na ọkara nke abụọ nke narị afọ nke 20. N'ịtụle Dust na ''The New York Times'', [[Taiye Selasi]] dere, sị: "N'ime akwụkwọ akụkọ a na-adọrọ mmasị ị ga-ahụ ahụmahụ niile nke mmadụ - anya mmiri, ọbara, agụụ mmekọahụ, ịhụnanya - n'ụzọ dị egwu. " <ref name="Selasi" /> Ron Charles nke The Washington Post dere, "Owuor gosipụtara nkà pụrụ pụrụ pụrụ iche na ụdị ya na-agbanwe agbanwe ma na-eme ka anyị nọrọ n'ime mgbidi ọbara nke ịta ahụhụ, na-emebi ihe nkiri nke akụkọ ihe mere na-eme n' ka anyị na-eme.<ref>{{Cite news|first=Ron|author=Charles|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/entertainment/books/review-dust-by-yvonne-adhiambo-owuor/2014/02/04/3347e4bc-8880-11e3-a5bd-844629433ba3_story.html|title=Review: 'Dust,' by Yvonne Adhiambo Owuor|work=The Washington Post|date=4 February 2014}}</ref> === ''Oké Osimiri Dragonfly'' === N'afọ 2019, e bipụtara akwụkwọ akụkọ ya nke abụọ, The Dragonfly Sea . A na-eme ''Oké Osimiri Dragonfly'' na Pate Island, n'ụsọ oké osimiri Kenya, na banyere nwa agbọghọ aha ya bụ Ayaana na nne ya, Munira. Mgbe onye ọkwọ ụgbọ mmiri aha ya bụ Muhidin batara na ndụ ha, Ayaana chọtara ihe ọ na-enwetụbeghị mbụ: nna. Mana ka Ayaana na-etolite, ike nke okike na akụkọ ihe mere eme na-amalite ịgbanwe ndụ ya na agwaetiti ahụ n'onwe ya - site na onye nleta na-adịghị ekwu okwu nke nwere ihe gbara ọchịchịrị n'oge gara aga gaa na onye na-achọ ebe nsọ, site na dragonflies ruo tsunami, site na ndị na-eyi uwe ojii ruo ndị ozi ọdịbendị si China. Ayaana mechara banye na njem ụgbọ mmiri dị egwu gaa n'Ebe Ọwụwa Anyanwụ, ebe ọ chọtara ndị enyi na ndị iro; nwa mara mma ma a na-apụghị ịdabere na ya nke ezinụlọ azụmaahịa dị ike nke Turkey dọtara ya; ọ na-ekwupụta nraranye ya n'oké osimiri; ọ bịakwara chọta ebe nke ya dị nro n'etiti ala mara mma na ime ihe ike na ọṅụ dị ịtụnanya. == Onyinye na mmata == Owuor meriri 2003 Caine Prize for African Writing maka akụkọ ya "Weight of Whispers", nke na-ewere onye [[Rwanda|Rwandan]] gbara ọsọ ndụ na Kenya.<ref>{{Cite news|first=Michelle|author=Paulli|url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2003/jul/15/world.news|title=Kenya celebrates Caine prize double|work=The Guardian|date=15 July 2003}}</ref> E bipụtara akụkọ ahụ na mbụ na ''Kwani?'', akwụkwọ akụkọ Kenya nke [[Binyavanga Wainaina]] guzobere mgbe ọ meriri Caine Prize n'afọ gara aga. N'afọ 2004, ọ meriri Nwaanyị nke Afọ (Arts, Heritage category) maka onyinye ya na nka na Kenya. N'ọnwa Septemba n'afọ 2015, e depụtara akwụkwọ ya a ma ama Dust maka onyinye Folio, ma merie ihe nrite edemede kachasị mma nke Kenya, Jomo Kenyatta Prize for Literature.<ref>{{Cite news|date=28 September 2015|title=Owuor wins literature prize at book awards|work=Daily Nation|url=http://www.nation.co.ke/news/Owuor-wins-literature-prize-at-book-awards/-/1056/2888186/-/lhoklr/-/index.html|accessdate=5 November 2015}}</ref> == Ọrụ ndị a họọrọ == === Akwụkwọ akụkọ === * Ibu nke ndị na-asụ ụja (Kwani Trust, 2003) <ref>{{Cite web|title=Weight of Whispers|url=https://www.goodreads.com/work/26475907-weight-of-whispers|accessdate=27 May 2022|work=Goodreads|language=en}}</ref> * ''Uzuzu'' (Knopf, Granta, 2014) <ref name="Selasi">{{Cite news|author=Selasi|first=Taiye|date=28 February 2014|title=The Unvanquished|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/03/02/books/review/dust-by-yvonne-adhiambo-owuor.html|accessdate=27 May 2022}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFSelasi2014">Selasi, Taiye (28 February 2014). [https://www.nytimes.com/2014/03/02/books/review/dust-by-yvonne-adhiambo-owuor.html "The Unvanquished"]. ''The New York Times''. [[ISSN (identifier)|ISSN]]&nbsp;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331 0362-4331]<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 May</span> 2022</span>.</cite></ref> * Der Ort, an dem die Reise endet (tr. Simone Jakob) (Dumont, 2016) <ref>{{Cite book|author=Owuor|first=Yvonne Adhiambo|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=S0oOMQAACAAJ&q=Der+Ort,+an+dem+die+Reise+endet+by+yvonne+adhiambo+owuor|title=Der Ort, an dem die Reise endet: Roman|date=21 March 2017|publisher=Dumont|isbn=978-3-8321-6424-9|language=de}}</ref> * La Maison au bout des voyages (tr. Françoise Pertat) (Actes Sud, 2017) <ref>{{Cite book|author=Owuor|first=Yvonne Adhiambo|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YtBaswEACAAJ&q=La+Maison+au+bout+des+voyages+(by+yvonne+adhiambo+owuor|title=La maison au bout des voyages|date=2017|publisher=Actes sud|isbn=978-2-330-07302-2|language=fr}}</ref> * ''Oké Osimiri Dragonfly'' (Knopf, 2019) <ref>{{Cite book|author=Owuor|first=Yvonne Adhiambo|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=25QFEAAAQBAJ&q=The+Dragonfly+Sea+by+yvonne+adhiambo+owuor|title=The Dragonfly Sea|date=25 February 2020|publisher=Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group|isbn=978-1-101-97362-2|language=en}}</ref> * ''Das Meer der Libellen'' (Dumont, 2020) <ref>{{Cite book|author=Owuor|first=Yvonne Adhiambo|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XyVwzgEACAAJ&q=Das+Meer+der+Libellen+by+yvonne+adhiambo+owuor|title=Das Meer der Libellen: Roman|date=11 October 2021|publisher=DuMont Buchverlag GmbH|isbn=978-3-8321-6607-6|language=de}}</ref> === Akụkọ dị mkpirikpi (n'akwụkwọ akụkọ) === * "Ikpe nke ala ọma jijiji" (Caine Prize Anthology), 2004 * "The State of Tides" (nke Essex County Council, UK nyere iwu), 2004 * "Dressing the Dirge" (Little Black Book anthology), 2005 * "The Knife Grinders' Tale", 2005 * "Fragments ndị a" (Ihe ọma niile gbara anyị gburugburu; New Daughters of Africa anthology), 2016, 2019 * "Ọkụ n'ime Iri" (Ụwa: Mkparịta ụka zuru ụwa ọnụ banyere njirimara, obodo, na ebe), 2016 === edemede, isiokwu, isi okwu, akụkọ edemede === * "Kin la Belle: N'ìhè doro anya nke abụ na ịgbachi nkịtị", na ''African Cities Reader II: Mobilities and Fixtures'' * "Imagined Waters", Chimurenga Chronic, 2015 * "In Search of Poem-Map of the Swahili Seas: Three Sea Poems by [[Haji Gora Haji]]", Eastern African Literary and Cultural Studies, 4:3-4, 164-178, DOI: 10.1080/23277408.2018.1478632 * "O-Swahili - asụsụ na liminality" (2015), ''Matatu'' 46 (1):141-152 ·DOI: 10.1163/9789004298071_009 * "Ịgụ mkpọmkpọ ebe anyị; A Rough Sketch" (2018), ''Matatu'' 50 (1): 13-4, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1163/18757421-05001012 * "Distilling Existence" (2019), ''Granta'' 146: The Politics of Feeling * "Olu Mmụọ nke Ọhịa" (2021), National Geographic, 240 (6):98-105 == Edemsibia == [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] npy3gp74ktt0ui08wjal9fgeu3j88dl 0 58784 644166 392945 2026-05-30T17:57:08Z Goodymeraj 16207 644166 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Elizabeth W. Mburu''' (amụrụ 1968) bụ ọkà mmụta okpukpe Kenya bụ onye prọfesọ nke Agba Ọhụrụ na Greek na Mahadum International Leadership, Mahadum International nke Africa na Mahadum Pan Africa Christian dị na Nairobi. Akwụkwọ ya, African Hermeneutics, na-achọ inye ụzọ Africa pụrụ iche maka ịkọwa Akwụkwọ Nsọ. == Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ == Mburu tolitere na Nairobi n'ezinụlọ nwere ụmụ isii.<ref name="ex" /> Ọ bụ onye Kraịst nke ọgbọ nke atọ, nna nna ya tinyere aka na ntụgharị Bible n'asụsụ [[Kikuyu language|Kikuyu]] na mbido afọ 1900. <ref name="ex" /> Mburu ghọrọ Onye Kraịst n'onwe ya na 1993 wee malite iso ụmụaka nọ n'okporo ámá rụọ ọrụ, na-eduga n'ọchịchọ maka ọzụzụ ọzọ.<ref name="ex" /> Mburu nwere Nna-ukwu nke Divinity sitere na Nairobi International School of Theology and Master of Sacred Theology from Northwest Baptist Seminary (ugbu a Mahadum Corban).[1] Ọ natara PhD na New Testament site na Southeast Baptist Theological Seminary (SEBTS) na 2008 site na edemede nke akpọrọ "Qumran and the Origins of Johannine Language and Symbolism", nke ghọrọ akwụkwọ mbụ ya.[2]. Ọ bụ nwanyị mbụ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na PhD n'ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ.[3] Mgbe ọ nọ ebe ahụ, ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye nchịkọta akụkọ nke akwụkwọ akụkọ seminarị, Academicus. <ref name="ex" /> == Ọrụ na nyocha == Mburu kụziri na Montreat College dị na United States tupu ọ laghachi Kenya ebe ọ kuziri na Mahadum International nke Africa.[1][2] Ọ bụ onye nyocha usoro ọmụmụ maka Association of Christian Theological Education na Africa na onye nhazi mpaghara mpaghara Africa na onye nchịkọta akụkọ maka akwụkwọ Langham.[2] Ọ sonyeere Board of the Africa Bible Commentary na 2017 ma bụrụ onye nchịkọta akụkọ Agba Ọhụrụ maka ntụgharị ya.[2] Ọ nọkwa na bọọdụ nke ọtụtụ akwụkwọ akụkọ gụnyere South African Baptist Journal of Theology, Conspectus Journal na Pan Africa Christian University Journal. <ref name="ex" /> Mburu na-eje ozi na Kọmitii Ntụziaka Ntụziako Ọmụmụ Akwụkwọ Nsọ Africa na Kidist Bahru Gemeda, Misheck Nyirenda na Abeneazer G. Urga na Evangelical Theological Society . E bipụtara akwụkwọ ndị e gosipụtara na nnọkọ pụrụ iche nke nyocha ahụ na 2022 na mbipụta Conspectus Journal Special (Mpịakọta 35 Nke 2) na 2023. Mburu na Abeneazer G. Urga ọbịa dezigharịrị mbipụta pụrụ iche. Akwụkwọ Mburu, African Hermeneutics na-atụpụta ụzọ dị n'etiti omenala si n'echiche, ụzọ na otu nke ụwa ndị Africa maara nke ọma banye n'ime ụwa nke Akwụkwọ Nsọ, na-enweghị "na-atụgharị site na ụzọ mba ọzọ ọ bụla".[1][2][3] O kwuwo na a kpaliri ya ide akwụkwọ ahụ n'ihi mmụba ngwa ngwa nke ụka na South zuru ụwa ọnụ, karịsịa Africa, enweghị ihe ọmụma gbasara ọnọdụ nke ụmụ akwụkwọ ya nwere, na ihe ịma aka nke syncretism. O kwuru na ọrụ ya "na-agbakwa mgba ma na-agbasawanye oghere nke echiche na nkọwa nke Western n'ihi na ọ na-enye ndị na-agụ akwụkwọ Western ụzọ dị iche iche si ele ederede."[1] Frederick Mawusi Amevenkhu na Isaac Boaheng chịkọtara ihe atụ ya nke stool ụkwụ anọ n’akwụkwọ ha Biblical Exegesis in African Context dị ka “ihe nlereanya kwesịrị ekwesị maka ọnọdụ Africa..<ref name="BE">{{Cite book|title=Biblical Exegesis in African Context|first=Frederick Mawusi|author=Amevenkhu|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JUsyEAAAQBAJ|publisher=Vernon Press|year=2021|isbn=9781648892837}}</ref> N'afọ 2019, Mburu natara onyinye agụmakwụkwọ pụrụ iche site na SEBTS ma nye okwu isi na emume emere n'oge nzukọ nke 71 nke Evangelical Theological Society. <ref name="ex">{{Cite web|url=https://academic.logos.com/african-hermeneutics-extensive-interview-with-elizabeth-mburu/|title=African Hermeneutics: Extensive Interview with Elizabeth Mburu|first=Tavis|author=Bohlinger|date=25 February 2021|accessdate=24 June 2021|publisher=Logos}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFBohlinger2021">Bohlinger, Tavis (25 February 2021). [https://academic.logos.com/african-hermeneutics-extensive-interview-with-elizabeth-mburu/ "African Hermeneutics: Extensive Interview with Elizabeth Mburu"]. Logos<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 June</span> 2021</span>.</cite></ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.brnow.org/news/southeastern-celebrates-scholars-during-ets-dinner/|title=Southeastern celebrates scholars during ETS dinner|work=Biblical Recorder|date=26 November 2019|accessdate=24 June 2021|first=Lauren|author=Pratt}}</ref> == Akwụkwọ ndị a họọrọ == === Akwụkwọ === * {{Cite book|first=Elizabeth W.|author=Mburu|year=2010|title=Qumran and the Origins of Johannine Language and Symbolism|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5raVfWYhztYC|publisher=A&C Black|isbn=9780567523716}} * {{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=n3PnDwAAQBAJ|first=Elizabeth|author=Mburu|title=African Hermeneutics|publisher=Langham Publishing|year=2019|isbn=9781783685387}} * {{Cite book|editor=Abebe|title=Reading Hebrews and 1 Peter from Majority World Perspectives|date=2024|publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing, T&T Clark; The Library of New Testament Studies|isbn=9780567715777|url=https://www.bloomsbury.com/us/reading-hebrews-and-1-peter-from-majority-world-perspectives-9780567715784/|language=en}} === Isiokwu === * {{Cite book|chapter=Is God a God of Retribution? A Worldview Interpretation Using the Four-Legged-Stool Hermeneutical Model|first=Elizabeth|author=Mburu|title=Christianity and Suffering: African Perspectives|editor=Rodney L. Reed|publisher=Langham Publishing|year=2017|isbn=9781783683611|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=O3PnDwAAQBAJ}} * {{Cite book|first=Elizabeth|author=Mburu|chapter=From the Classroom to the Pulpit:Navigating the Challenges|title=African Contextual Realities|publisher=Langham Publishing|year=2018|isbn=9781783684748|editor=Rodney L. Reed|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=eXPnDwAAQBAJ}} * {{Cite book|first=Elizabeth|author=Mburu|chapter=Integration of Faith, Life, and Academia to Achieve Transformational Education|title=Governance and Christian Higher Education in the African Context|editor=David K. Ngaruiya|year=2019|publisher=Langham Publishing|isbn=9781783685608|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=j3PnDwAAQBAJ}} == Ndụ onwe onye == == Edemsibia == {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Mburu, Elizabeth W.}} [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] t7r5sjh6m3kmcad9md2w9ona2z2e8zj 0 58789 644069 211039 2026-05-30T15:12:07Z Neme244 16387 added DEFAULTSORT 644069 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Emma Mbua''' (amụrụ n'afọ 1961) bụ onye Kenya paleoanthropologist na onye nlekọta, onye bụ nwanyị mbụ nke East Africa na-arụ ọrụ dị ka paleoantropologist. == Ọrụ == A mụrụ Mbua na 1961. Ọrụ ya malitere na 1979 mgbe ọ malitere ọrụ na National Museums of Kenya.[1] Ọ tinyere akwụkwọ maka ọrụ ebe ahụ ka ọ gụchara A-Level na ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị Lugulu.[2] Mgbe ọ nọ na National Museum of Kenya, Emma nọrọ n'ụlọ nyocha palaeontology afọ abụọ tupu ebuga ya na ngalaba mmalite mmadụ..<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Josephine Thangwa|title=The evolution of East Africa's first African woman palaeoanthropologist|url=https://journals.co.za/doi/10.10520/AJA02578301_246|journal=Sabinet African Journals|pages=72–75}}</ref> Na 1985, ọ malitere nzere MPhil na Mahadum Liverpool na 1993. Ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ doctorate na Mahadum Hamburg na Günter Bräuer na 2001, bụ ebe ọ gụrụ mgbanwe nke homo erectus na ụmụ mmadụ nke oge a. Ọ bụ nwanyị mbụ sitere n'Ebe Ọwụwa Anyanwụ Afrịka nwere ọrụ dịka ọkà mmụta ihe gbasara ihe gbasara ndụ mmadụ. Mbua arụwo ọrụ n'ọtụtụ ebe dị iche iche n'oge ọrụ ya gụnyere na Turkana na Sibiloi National Park . <ref>{{Cite web|author=Mutu|first=Kari|date=2015|title=Kenya: Scientist Finds Early Human Fossils Near Nairobi|url=https://allafrica.com/stories/201505201565.html}}</ref> Ọ bụ onye isi nchọpụta na Kantis Fossil Site, nke e nyere ya onyinye site na Leakey Foundation na Wenner-Gren Foundation, yana National Geographic Society, (2018) na Paleontological Scientific Trust (PAST) na 2011, iji mee nchọpụta na.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Grantee Spotlight: Emma Mbua|url=https://leakeyfoundation.org/grantee-spotlight-emma-mbua/|accessdate=2021-03-11|work=The Leakey Foundation|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Mbua, Emma Nguvi {{!}} The Wenner-Gren Foundation|url=http://www.wennergren.org/grantees/mbua-emma-nguvi-0|accessdate=2021-03-11|work=www.wennergren.org}}</ref> N'ebe ahụ, Mbua na ndị otu ya gwupụtara ebe a na-eri anụ nakwa ezé nkịta na ọkpụkpụ aka site na <nowiki><i id="mwMg">Australopithecus</i></nowiki> <nowiki><i id="mwMw">Afarensis</i></nowiki> toro eto yana ezé ụmụaka abụọ nke otu ụdị ahụ.<ref name=":0" /> Nchọpụta a bụ nke kachasị n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ nke Rift Valley nke a chọtara ihe fọdụrụ na Austrolopithecus afarensis.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Emma Mbua – Antrocom|url=http://www.antrocom.net/tag/emma-mbua/|accessdate=2021-03-11|work=www.antrocom.net|archivedate=2021-03-06|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210306231927/http://www.antrocom.net/tag/emma-mbua/}}</ref> N'afọ 2002 ọ ghọrọ Onye isi na Onye isi nchọpụta sayensị na Ngalaba Sayensị Ụwa na National Museums Kenya. N'afọ 2005, o guzobere East African Association of Palaeoanthropology and Palaeontology (EAAPP), iji mee ka nchọpụta prehistoric sie ike na mpaghara ahụ ma jikọta ndị ọkà mmụta. Dị ka onye nkuzi na Mahadum nke Nairobi o nwere ọtụtụ ụmụ akwụkwọ; ọ nọrọ otu afọ dị ka Onye nkuzi Ukwu na Mahadum Mount Kenya na 2015.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|title=Emma Mbua {{!}} TrowelBlazers|date=13 November 2020|url=https://trowelblazers.com/emma-mbua/|accessdate=2021-03-11}}</ref> N'ọrụ ya na National Museums of Kenya, o nyere onye edemede Bill Bryson njem nlegharị anya n'azụ ihe nkiri nke nchịkọta, nke gosipụtara n'akwụkwọ ya ''African Diary.'' . <ref>{{Cite web|date=2018-01-05|title=Bill Bryson's African Diary|url=https://www.barnesandnoble.com/readouts/bill-brysons-african-diary/|accessdate=2021-03-11|work=B&N Readouts|language=en-US}}</ref> == Akwụkwọ ndị a họọrọ == * Mbua, Emma, Soichiro Kusaka, Yutaka Kunimatsu, Denis Geraads, na ndị ọzọ. 2016. Kantis: Ebe ọhụrụ Australopithecus dị na Shoulders of the Rift Valley dị nso na Nairobi, Kenya. Journal of Human Evolution 94:28-44.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Mbua|first=Emma|date=2016-05-01|title=Kantis: A new Australopithecus site on the shoulders of the Rift Valley near Nairobi, Kenya|url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0047248416000208|journal=Journal of Human Evolution|language=en|volume=94|pages=28–44|doi=10.1016/j.jhevol.2016.01.006|pmid=27178456|issn=0047-2484}}</ref> * Thure E. Cerling, Fredrick Kyalo Manthi, Emma N. Mbua, Louise N. Leakey, Meave G. Leakey), Richard E. Leakey. Francis H. Brown, Frederick E. Grine, John A. Hart, Prince Kaleme, Hélène Roche, Kevin T. Uno, Bernard A. Wood. Nri nke Turkana Basin hominins. ''Ihe omume nke National Academy of Sciences'' Jun 2013, 110 (26) 10501-10506.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Cerling|first=T. E.|date=2013-06-25|title=Stable isotope-based diet reconstructions of Turkana Basin hominins|journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences|language=en|volume=110|issue=26|pages=10501–10506|doi=10.1073/pnas.1222568110|issn=0027-8424|pmid=23733966}}</ref> * [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Ihe ndị a na-eji eme ihe na cladistics na mgbanwe ha na hominids nke Eshia na Africa. Journal of Human Evolution 1992, 22 (2) 79-108.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Bräuer|first=Günter|date=1992-02-01|title=Homo erectus features used in cladistics and their variability in Asian and African hominids|url=https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0047-2484%2892%2990032-5|journal=Journal of Human Evolution|language=en|volume=22|issue=2|pages=79–108|doi=10.1016/0047-2484(92)90032-5|issn=0047-2484}}</ref> == Edemsibia == {{DEFAULTSORT:Mbua, Emma}} [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 5munq0xbx4sw1rq6np3jnwig7juhz57 0 58903 644601 204305 2026-05-31T10:18:35Z ~2026-32314-82 62081 Fixed reference errors− 644601 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Taimyr Pidgin Russian''', makwaara dị ka '''Govorka''' ( Russian ), bụ pidgin sitere na Rọshịa nke ndị Nganasan na-asụ na Taimyr Peninsula . Tupu mgbasawanye nke mmụta zuru ụwa ọnụ na narị afọ nke 20, ọtụtụ Nganasan na-asụ naanị asụsụ nke ha na pidgin Russian. == Nkesa == Ndị Nganasan na Dolgans na-asụ TPR na mpaghara Taimyr. A na-eji asụsụ a iji kwado nzikọrịta ozi n'etiti otu abụọ, ọkachasị n'ime obodo nwere ndị mmadụ agwakọtara dịka Ust-Avam na Volochanka . <ref name=":0" />{{Cite journal|author=Stern|first=Deiter|date=28 April 2020|title=Russian Pidgin Languages|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/2589-6229_ESLO_COM_031973|journal=[[Brill Publishers]]|pages=2|doi=10.1163/2589-6229_ESLO_COM_0319 == Lexicon == Akwụkwọ ọkọwa okwu nke TPR bụkarị Russian sitere na okwu mbinye oge sitere na Nganasan na Dolgan . <ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|author=Stern|first=Deiter|date=28 April 2020|title=Russian Pidgin Languages|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/2589-6229_ESLO_COM_031973|journal=[[Brill Publishers]]|pages=2|doi=10.1163/2589-6229_ESLO_COM_031973}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFStern2020">Stern, Deiter (28 April 2020). </cite></ref> == Ihe atụ Ederede == {| class="wikitable" !TPR <ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|author=Stern|first=Deiter|date=28 April 2020|title=Russian Pidgin Languages|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/2589-6229_ESLO_COM_031973|journal=[[Brill Publishers]]|pages=2|doi=10.1163/2589-6229_ESLO_COM_031973}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFStern2020">Stern, Deiter (28 April 2020). </cite></ref> ! Bekee <ref name=":0" /> |- | Tut mésta usól-da ósira balsój najdj óm | Anyị hapụ ebe ahụ, anyị ga-ahụ nnukwu ọdọ mmiri |} == Ntụaka == otu abụọ, ọkachasị n'ime obodo nwere{{Reflist}} dfsyq6jni0v16n6hh2fjo4qr4t9jp9f 0 58989 644280 204450 2026-05-30T20:17:59Z Wikipedian12512(alt) 61413 ce 644280 wikitext text/x-wiki    Ọtụtụ n'ime obodo na obodo ndị dị mkpa dị na Assam na Nagaland natara aha ha site na okwu Dimasa dị ka Diphu, Dimapur (isi obodo nke Alaeze Dimasa ), Hojai, Khaspur, wdg N'ezie, asụsụ Dimasa bụ otu n'ime asụsụ ikpeazụ nke North East India na-ejigide okwu mbụ ya n'emeghị ka asụsụ mba ọzọ ghara imebi ya. == Etymology == Okwu ''Dimasa'' na-asụgharị n'ụzọ doro anya ka ọ bụrụ "Nwa (s) [ ''sa'' ] nke nnukwu osimiri [ ''dima'' ]", ya bụ Brahmaputra dị ike. Okwu Dimasa ''di'', nke pụtara mmiri, bụ mgbọrọgwụ nke aha ọtụtụ n'ime osimiri ndị bụ isi nke Assam na nke North East India n'ozuzu, dị ka ''Dibang'' (ọtụtụ mmiri), ''Diyung'' (oke osimiri), ''Dikrang'' (osimiri green), ''Dikhow'' (mmiri ewepụtara), na ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ. A maara Brahmaputra dị ka ''Dilao'' (osimiri ogologo) n'etiti Dimasas ọbụna ugbu a. == Nkesa ala == A na-asụ Dimasa na: * Assam : Dima Hasao district (nke bụbu North Cachar Hills district), Cachar district, Karbi Anglong district, West Karbi Anglong district, Nagaon district, Hojai district (nke bụbu akụkụ nke Nagaon district) * Nagaland * Meghalaya * Mizoram == fonology ==   === Udaume === Enwere ụdaume isii n'asụsụ Dimasa. {| class="wikitable" |+Udaume ! rowspan="2" | ! colspan="3" | N'ihu ! colspan="3" | Central ! colspan="3" | Azu |- ! IPA ! ROM ! Ederede ! IPA ! ROM ! Ederede ! IPA ! ROM ! Ederede |- style="text-align:center" ! rowspan="1" | Mechie | {{IPA|i}} | i | | colspan="3" | | {{IPA|u}} | ị | |- style="text-align:center" ! N'etiti etiti | {{IPA|e}} | e | | colspan="3" | | {{IPA|o}} | o | |- style="text-align:center" ! N'etiti | colspan="3" | | {{IPA|ə}} | ọ | | colspan="3" | |- style="text-align:center" ! Mepee | colspan="3" | | {{IPA|a}} | a | | colspan="3" | |} * Udaume niile nwere ike pụta n'ọnọdụ atọ niile, ewezuga / {{IPA|ə}} / nke na-eme naanị medially. === Diphthong === {| class="wikitable" |+Diphthong ! ! {{IPA|i}} ! {{IPA|e}} ! {{IPA|o}} ! {{IPA|u}} |- style="text-align:center" ! {{IPA|i}} | | | | {{IPA|iu}} |- style="text-align:center" ! {{IPA|e}} | {{IPA|ei}} | | {{IPA|eo}} | |- style="text-align:center" ! {{IPA|a}} | {{IPA|ai}} | | {{IPA|ao}} | |- style="text-align:center" ! {{IPA|o}} | {{IPA|oi}} | | | |- style="text-align:center" !{{IPA|u}} | {{IPA|ui}} | | | |- style="text-align:center" !{{IPA|ə}} | | | {{IPA|əo}} | |} === Consonants === Enwere consonants iri na isii n'asụsụ Dimasa. {| class="wikitable" |+Consonants ! colspan="2" rowspan="2" | ! colspan="3" |Labial ! colspan="3" |Alveolar ! colspan="3" |Dorsal ! colspan="3" |Glottal |- !IPA !ROM !Script !IPA !ROM !Script !IPA !ROM !Script !IPA !ROM !Script |- style="text-align:center" ! colspan="2" |Nasal |{{IPA|m}} |m | |{{IPA|n}} |n | |{{IPA|ŋ}} |ng | | colspan="3" | |- style="text-align:center" ! rowspan="2" |Stop !<small>aspirated</small> |{{IPA|pʰ}} |ph | |{{IPA|tʰ}} |th | |{{IPA|kʰ}} |kh | | colspan="3" | |- style="text-align:center" !<small>voiced</small> |{{IPA|b}} |b | |{{IPA|d}} |d | |{{IPA|ɡ}} |g | | colspan="3" | |- style="text-align:center" ! rowspan="2" |Fricative !<small>voiceless</small> | colspan="3" | |{{IPA|s}} |s | | colspan="3" | | colspan="3" | |- style="text-align:center" !<small>voiced</small> | colspan="3" | |{{IPA|z}} |z | | colspan="3" | |{{IPA|ɦ}} |h | |- style="text-align:center" ! colspan="2" rowspan="1" |Trill/Flap | colspan="3" | |{{IPA|r ~ ɾ}} |r | | colspan="3" | | colspan="3" | |- style="text-align:center" ! rowspan="2" |Approximant !<small>voiced</small> |{{IPA|w}} |w | | colspan="3" | |{{IPA|j}} |y | | colspan="3" | |- style="text-align:center" !<small>lateral</small> | colspan="3" | |{{IPA|l}} |l | | colspan="3" | | colspan="3" | |} * Nkwụsị atọ na-enweghị olu, / {{IPA|pʰ, tʰ, kʰ}} /, na-untọhapụ na syllable ọnọdụ ikpeazụ. A tọhapụrụ ndị ogbo ha enweghị mmasị na ha enweghị ike ime ọnọdụ ikpeazụ. * Mgbe ụfọdụ / {{IPA|pʰ, tʰ, kʰ, s}} A na-akpọ / {{IPA|b, d, g, z}} / n'otu n'otu. * Consonants / {{IPA|pʰ, b, tʰ, kʰ, m, n, r, l}} / nwere ike ime n'ọnọdụ niile. * Consonants / {{IPA|g, s, s, ɦ}} / enweghị ike ime na okwu ụmụ amaala Dimasa, mana ọ nwere ike ime na okwu mbinye ego. * Consonants / {{IPA|d, w, j}} / enweghị ike ịpụta na okwu ikpeazụ na Dimasa. * Consonants / {{IPA|ŋ}} / enweghị ike ịpụta na ọnọdụ mbido okwu. == Ụtọ asụsụ == Dimasa dị ka Diphu, Dimapur (isi obodo nke Alaeze Dimasa ), Hojai, Khaspur, wdg N'ezie, asụsụ{{Reflist}} Dimasa bụ asụsụ ntụgharị uche. A na-atụgharị ngwaa ndị a maka ọnụọgụgụ, ogologo oge, ikpe, olu, akụkụ, ọnọdụ mana ọ bụghị maka okike na mmadụ. === Nkpọaha === {| class="wikitable" ! ! Otu ! Ọtụtụ |- ! Onye mbụ | ''ang'' | ''jing'' |- ! Onye nke abụọ | ''ning'' | ''nisi'' |- ! Onye nke atọ | ''bo'' | ''bunsi'' |} === Okwu syntax === A naghị emetụta ngwaa ahụ maka mmadụ na okike. Usoro isiokwu-ihe-ngwaa na-emekarị; Usoro ihe-ngwaa-isiokwu na-emekwa. == Usoro edemede == Edere Dimasa site na iji script Latin, nke ewebatala na usoro agụmakwụkwọ praịmarị dị ala na Dima Hasao District. Isi ihe na-eduzi ya bụ Dimasa Lairidim Hosom, otu nnukwu akwụkwọ edemede nke obodo Dimasa. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Tribes of Assam|url=http://online.assam.gov.in/tribes_of_assam#Dimasa|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170205030325/http://online.assam.gov.in:80/tribes_of_assam#Dimasa%20Kachari|archivedate=5 February 2017|work=online.assam.gov.in}}</ref> A na-eji ihe odide Bengali-Assamese eme ihe na Cachar, ebe ndị Bengali bi n'akụkụ Dimasas. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Index of Languages by Writing System|url=http://www.omniglot.com/writing/langalph.htm|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180413101247/http://www.omniglot.com/writing/langalph.htm|archivedate=2018-04-13|accessdate=18 April 2018|work=Omniglot}}</ref> == Hụkwa == * Ndị Dimasa * Dimaraji * Dima Hasao * Busu Dima * Asụsụ Kachari == Ihe ndetu ==  osimiri Ngochang Hka, nke dị n'akụkụosimiri Ngochang Hka, nke dị n'akụkụ Dimasa dị ka Diphu, Dimapur (isi obodo nke Alaeze Dimasa ), Hojai, Khaspur, wdg N'ezie, asụsụDimasa dị ka Diphu, Dimapur (isi obodo nke Alaeze Dimasa ), Hojai, Khaspur, wdg N'ezie, asụsụ == Ntụaka == == Njikọ mpụga == * Nchịkọta [https://digital.library.unt.edu/explore/collections/DLR akụrụngwa asụsụ Dimasa] akwụkwọ asụsụ Dimasa n'ime ebe nchekwa ihe akụrụngwa maka asụsụ South Asia (CoRSAL) 7hshpnr0k39wyhwm3q45q329dsn7gl6 0 59035 644231 442939 2026-05-30T19:41:32Z Wikipedian12512(alt) 61413 ce 644231 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Language|name=Wayana|states=[[Suriname]], [[French Guiana]], [[Brazil]]|speakers={{sigfig|1,740|2}}|date=2012|familycolor=cariban|fam1=[[Cariban languages|Cariban]]|fam2=Guianan Carib|fam3=Wayana–[[Apalaí language|Apalaí]]?|iso3=way}} '''Wayana''' (a na-akpọkwa Ojana, Ajana, Aiana, Ouyana, Uajana, Upurui, Oepoeroei, Roucouyen, Oreocoyana, Orkokoyana, Urucuiana, Urukuyana, na Alucuyana n'akwụkwọ) bụ asụsụ ezinụlọ Cariban, nke ndị Wayana na- [[Brazil|asụ]], ndị bi n'obodo French na mpaghara [[Suriname|Guana]].<ref name=":6" /> Na Brazil, ha na-ebi n'akụkụ osimiri Paru na Jari, na Suriname, n'akụkụ osimiri Tapanahoni na Paloemeu, na French Guiana, n'akụkụ ugwu Maroni River na n'akụkụ ya. <ref name=":6" /> Achọpụtaghị ọnụ ọgụgụ Wayana kpọmkwem. Okwu a gbagwojuru anya n'ihi na a na-agbakọ ọnụ na mba ọ bụla. ''Ethnologue'' depụtara ndị ọrụ asụsụ 1,700 dị ka nke 2012 na 1,900 agbụrụ Wayana na mba niile, na-eji ọnụọgụ sitere na 2006 na 2012. Instituto Socioambental, otu NGO nke Brazil, depụtara agbụrụ 1,629 Wayana, na-eji ọnụ ọgụgụ sitere na 2002 na 2014. <ref name=":6">{{Cite web|url=https://pib.socioambiental.org/en/povo/wayana|title=Introducción > Wayana|work=Povos Indígenas no Brasil|publisher=Instituto Socioambiental|accessdate=2016-12-06}}</ref> Ọnụọgụ nke agbụrụ ndị Wayana na-esiwanye ike n'ihi njikọ chiri anya nke Wayana na ndị agbụrụ ndị ọzọ na mpaghara ahụ, karịsịa ndị Aparai na Brazil, ruo n'ókè nke na a na-ewere ha dị ka otu, Wayana-Aparai. <ref name="pib.socioambiental.org" /> == Akụkọ ihe mere eme == A na-ewere Wayana dị ka njikọ nke ọtụtụ agbụrụ dị nta, ebe ha chịchara Upurui, Kukuyana, Opagwana na Kumarawana, n'etiti ndị ọzọ. Ha na ndị Aparai nwere mmekọrịta chiri anya nke ukwuu, bụ ndị ha na ha bi ma lụọ di ma ọ dịkarịa ala 100 afọ na Brazil, ọ bụ ezie na ma Aparai na Wayana na-ewere onwe ha agbụrụ dị iche iche, na-ekewa onwe ha n'asụsụ asụsụ na site na omume omenala. <ref name="pib.socioambiental.org">{{Cite web|url=https://pib.socioambiental.org/en/povo/wayana/1144|title=Processes of rapprochement and separation > Wayana|work=Povos Indígenas no Brasil|publisher=Instituto Socioambiental|accessdate=2016-12-06}}</ref> Enwere Aparai ole na ole na mpaghara Wayana na mpụga Brazil. Ọnọdụ a pụrụ iche sitere na kọntaktị ndị Europe na esemokwu agbụrụ na narị afọ anọ gara aga. Ọrịa manyere ọnụ ọgụgụ nke obere agbụrụ na-ebelata ka ha na ndị Wayana jikọtara ọnụ na narị afọ nke 18 maka nlanarị abawanyela. Nakwa na narị afọ nke 18, n'ihe dị ka oge nke mbata Europe na ime ime Brazil, Wayana, nke a na-ewere na mpaghara mbụ ya dị ka Northern Brazil, malitere ịkwaga Suriname na French Guiana n'ihi esemokwu ndị na-esi na ya pụta n'ụzọ na-apụtaghị ìhè. <ref name=":7">Hough, K. (2008). ''The Expression and Perception of Space in Wayana'' (MPhil Thesis)''.'' Leiden: Sidestone Press. </ref> N'ihi ya, e nwere mpaghara Wayana atọ dị iche iche taa. Wayana fọdụrụ na Brazil mebere mmekọrịta ya na ndị Aparai, bụ ndị kwagara n'ókèala ha, ma na-aga n'ihu na-enwe mmekọrịta ikwu na azụmahịa na Wayana na Suriname na French Guiana. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://pib.socioambiental.org/en/povo/wayana/1146|title=Location and history of occupation > Wayana|work=Povos Indígenas no Brasil|publisher=Instituto Socioambiental|accessdate=2016-12-06}}</ref> Ndị Wayana (na Aparai) tinyere aka na azụmahịa, ọkachasị ndị ''meikolo'' (Black Maroons), yana ndị ahịa Brazil na Surinamese ruo na njedebe nke narị afọ nke 19. Na narị afọ nke 20, Wayana malitere ịrụ ọrụ n'ịwepụta rọba, ma malite ibi n'ime obodo, na-akwụsị ụzọ ndụ ha na-esi ebi ndụ. Ka ọ na-erule etiti narị afọ, ndị ozi ala ọzọ (gụnyere ọrụ SIL sitere na 1962 ruo 1992) na ụlọ ọrụ gọọmentị malitere ịbanye na mpaghara Wayana-Aparai Brazil, na-emejuputa ọrụ ahụike na agụmakwụkwọ gọọmentị. FUNAI ejirila akwụkwọ ozi, ma nyekwa aka na mpaghara ebe 1973. <ref name=":2">{{Cite web|url=https://pib.socioambiental.org/en/povo/wayana/1148|title=History and interethnic relations > Wayana|work=Povos Indígenas no Brasil|publisher=Instituto Socioambiental|accessdate=2016-12-06}}</ref> == Ezinụlọ asụsụ == Asụsụ Cariban—nke Wayana bụ nke ya—na-ekesa na North South America, na Northern Brazil, [[Venezuela]], [[Guyana]], French Guiana, na [[Suriname]], yana ndị na-asụ ya na [[Colombia]] na [[Central Brazil]] . E nwere ihe dị ka asụsụ 25 fọdụrụnụ nke Cariban, na-ekwu maka ihe karịrị 100 n'akwụkwọ akụkọ ihe mere eme. Ọtụtụ n'ime asụsụ Caribbean ndị e zoro aka na ya n'akwụkwọ, na ndị ọzọ ndị Europe amaghị, apụọla n'iyi n'ihi kọntaktị ndị Europe. Ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị na-asụ asụsụ Cariban niile bụ 60,000 ruo 100,000, n'agbanyeghị na ihe karịrị ọkara na-asụ asụsụ Carib nke ọma, Makushi, Pemong, ma ọ bụ Kapong (3 ikpeazụ nwere njikọ chiri anya). Ọtụtụ asụsụ Caribbean nwere ndị na-asụ 100 ruo 3,000. Ndekọ nke ma asụsụ ndị ekpochapụworo na nke fọdụrụ dị ntakịrị n'ọtụtụ ọnọdụ, nwere ndepụta okwu nwere ndegharị ụda olu na-ezighi ezi na nkọwapụta ụtọ dị nta. Nkewa nke asụsụ Caribbean n'ime alaka siri ike, n'agbanyeghị na ọtụtụ ọrụ nyocha nkọwa na nso nso a na-edozi enweghị data ziri ezi nke asụsụ ndị Cariban dị ndụ. Kaufman na-ewere Wayana (1994, dị ka Gildea zoro aka na ya, 2003) ka ọ bụrụ akụkụ nke ngalaba etiti ya chọrọ, mana nhazi ọkwa na nso nso a (Gildea, 2005) <ref name=":3">{{harvp|Gildea|2005}}</ref>na-ewere ya ka ọ na-achọ alaka. == Nnyocha na Wayana == Wayana, atụnyere ọtụtụ ndị ọgbọ ya nke Cariban, akọwara nke ọma. Ọrụ mbụ na Wayana bụ ndepụta okwu site na Crevaux (1882, dị ka Tavares, 2005 kwuru), Coudreau (1892), <ref name=":5" /> na De Goeje (1909, dị ka Tavares kwuru, 2005). <ref name=":1">Tavares 2025</ref> De Goeje ebipụtakwara ụtọ ụtọ na-ezughị ezu na-akọwa ụfọdụ akụkụ morphological nke Wayana na 1946 (dị ka Tavares si kwuo, 2005). <ref name=":1" /> Walter Jackson's 1972 "A Wayana Grammar" na-ewuli na ụtọ ụtọ asụsụ a wee kọwapụta ụfọdụ ntụpọ dị na nkọwa De Goeje banyere morphology na phonology, mana ọ ka na-ahapụ ọtụtụ ọdịiche dị n'ụdị morphological na syntactic. Tesis Kenneth Howell nke 1982 MA na-akọwa otu akụkụ nke Wayana syntax - usoro ihe mejupụtara. <ref name=":5">{{Cite web|url=http://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/waya1269|title=Glottolog 2.7 - Wayana|work=glottolog.org|accessdate=2016-12-06}}</ref> Ọrụ kachasị na Wayana bụ 2005 PhD dessertation nke Petronila Tavares, "A Grammar of Wayana", nke bụ nkọwa ụtọ ụtọ nke Wayana phonology, morphology, na syntax. Wayana bara ọgaranya n'ọdịdị ya, ya mere, a na-emesi ike na morphology. Ụtọ ụtọ asụsụ ahụ na-enye ntakịrị nkọwa nkọwa, "na-atụ anya na ndị nyocha ga-emeju oghere a" (Tavares, 2005, p.&nbsp;6). <ref name=":1" /> Eliane Camargo, onye malitere ọrụ ubi n'etiti Wayana n'otu oge ahụ dị ka Tavares, nyekwara aka nke ukwuu n'ịmụ asụsụ Wayana, na-enwe ọtụtụ nkọwa nke njirimara dị iche iche nke Wayana, dị ka ntinye aha, ntinye akwụkwọ, usoro okwu, na akara nrịbama. <ref name=":5">{{Cite web|url=http://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/waya1269|title=Glottolog 2.7 - Wayana|work=glottolog.org|accessdate=2016-12-06}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[http://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/waya1269 "Glottolog 2.7 - Wayana"]. ''glottolog.org''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-12-06</span></span>.</cite></ref> O dere akwụkwọ ọkọwa okwu Wayana-Portuguese na 1997, <ref name=":1" /> yana akwụkwọ ọkọwa okwu Wayana-French na 2010. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.vjf.cnrs.fr/celia/FichExt/Dic_alphas/wayana_francais/index.htm|title=Dictionnaire bilingue wayana-français|work=www.vjf.cnrs.fr|accessdate=2016-12-06}}</ref> N'ikpeazụ, o deela ọtụtụ ọrụ gbasara mmụta gbasara asụsụ, gbasara asụsụ abụọ/multi-lingualism n'etiti ndị Wayana. <ref name=":1" /> <ref name=":5" /> Emeela ọtụtụ ọrụ gbasara mmadụ gbasara Wayana. Ọmụmụ ethnographic mmalite gụnyere de Goeje <ref name=":5">{{Cite web|url=http://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/waya1269|title=Glottolog 2.7 - Wayana|work=glottolog.org|accessdate=2016-12-06}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[http://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/waya1269 "Glottolog 2.7 - Wayana"]. ''glottolog.org''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-12-06</span></span>.</cite></ref> na Huralt, <ref name=":5" /> n'etiti ndị ọzọ. Mmekọrịta Wayana na ndị Aparai ewepụtakwala ọtụtụ ọmụmụ gbasara agbụrụ na isiokwu dịka asụsụ abụọ ha (Camargo 1997), ọbụbụenyi ha (Koehn 1975) <ref name=":5" /> na usoro mgbanwe ha (Barbosa 2007). N'oge na-adịbeghị anya, Wayana-Aparai bụkwa akụkụ nke ProDocult, nke bụ mbọ gọọmentị Brazil na-agba iji depụta omenala ụmụ amaala, site na ịmepụta ebe nchekwa dijitalụ na ịzụ ụmụ amaala n'ime ihe nkiri akwụkwọ akụkọ na nchọpụta gbasara mmadụ. Ọrụ Wayana-Aparai lekwasịrị anya na sistemu nri na ihe ọmụma ọdịnala gbasara ahịhịa na anụmanụ. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://prodocult.museudoindio.gov.br/etnias/wayana-aparai/projeto|title=ProDocult - Projeto|author=Medeiros|first=Eliane|work=prodocult.museudoindio.gov.br|accessdate=2016-12-07}}</ref> N'otu aka ahụ, Karen Hough (2008) bipụtara akwụkwọ akụkọ MPhil na ethnolinguistics na nghọta gbasara ohere na Wayana, na-ewelite mkpali Tavares maka nkọwapụta usoro ọmụmụ nke ụtọ ụtọ Wayana. == Ọnọdụ Asụsụ == Ike nke asụsụ dịkwa iche na mpaghara dị iche iche. Na Brazil a na-ewere ya dị ka moribund site ''Ethnologue'', na nne na nna ochie bụ nanị ndị ọrụ na-arụsi ọrụ ike; Otú ọ dị, Tavares (2005) kwuru banyere ụfọdụ obodo nta dị n'akụkụ osimiri Paru ebe a na-eji asụsụ ụmụaka na ndị okenye eme ihe, ọ bụ ezie na ihe na-emekarị bụ n'ebe Aparai nwere asụsụ abụọ na nchịkwa. <ref name=":1" /> Ọ bụ ezie na Tavares anaghị ewere na asụsụ ahụ dị mma, ọ ga-abụ na ọ gaghị anwụ ebe niile. Dị ka ''Ethnologue'' si kwuo, na French Guiana ọ dị ike. Na Suriname, ọ na-etolite, na ọgbọ niile na-eji ya na ụfọdụ iji akwụkwọ edebere. == fonology == E gosipụtara ndepụta ụda ụda nke consonants na ụdaume Wayana n'okpuru. Ya bụ, fọnịm niile dị iche na Wayana. A na-enweta ọtụtụ akụkụ ndị ọzọ allophonically. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, /h / ghọtara dị ka [ ʃ ] n'ọnọdụ ụfọdụ. Agbanyeghị, ndị a bụ naanị mmezu nke elu, ya mere ọ bụghị fọnịm. <small>Emeziri site na Tavares (2005), p.&nbsp;210</small> Mgbakwunye na-abụghị nke gara aga, ''-ja'' nwere ike na-ezo aka na ihe omume ga-eme n'ọdịnihu, eziokwu gbasara ụwa, na ahịrịokwu na-abụghị nke gara aga nwere ike ịdekọ akụkụ, dị ka àgwà na-ezughị okè ma ọ bụ akụkụ na-aga n'ihu. N'ihe atụ ndị dị n'okpuru ebe a, anyị na-ahụ ka e si egosi ihe omume omenala site na morpheme ọzọ (15.), Olee otú nso ma ọ bụ dị anya ga-esi akara site na gburugburu (na-ekwu "na nkeji" na "afọ ọzọ") (16a., 16b.). Anyị na-ahụkwa na 17. na, ebe ọ bụ na akọwaghị akụkụ nke zuru oke n'ụzọ doro anya, ndị na-abụghị ndị gara aga nwere ike ịghọta ma ọ bụ na-ezughị okè ma na-aga n'ihu ("Ana m eme achịcha"), ma ọ bụ zuru okè ("M ga-eme achịcha"), dabere na okwu okwu.      <small>Data sitere na Tavares (2005), p.&nbsp;212–213</small> Mkpebi ikpeazụ gara aga, ''-ø,'' na-ezo aka na "ihe omume ndị mere n'ime awa iri abụọ na anọ gara aga", gụnyere "ihe omume ndị merelarị", "ihe ndị mere ọtụtụ awa gara aga, na ihe ndị mere n'ụbọchị gara aga" (Tavares 2005, p.&nbsp;215). 11) na 12) nye ihe atụ maka oge a:    <small>Data sitere na Tavares (2005), p.&nbsp;215</small> Oge gara aga gara aga (na-ekwu maka mmemme mere ihe karịrị awa iri abụọ na anọ tupu okwu) bụ akara abụọ dị iche iche, ''-ne'' na ''kun'' -. Nkesa ha dabere na onye arụmụka ngwaa ahụ. ''-ne'' na-apụta mgbe otu ma ọ bụ abụọ n'ime arụmụka ngwaa bụ SAP, ma ọ bụ mgbe enwere ihe efu (pro) aha tupu ngwaa na nhazi 3A3O. ''Kun'' - "na-eme n'ebe ọzọ" na akara onye nke atọ yana n'oge gara aga. 20. na-enye ihe atụ nke oge gara aga, na-eji – ''ne'' suffix (dị ka e nwere preverbal free noun ''O'' ), na 21 na-enye ihe atụ nke ''kun-'' .    <small>Data sitere na Tavares (2005), p.&nbsp;216</small> Mgbakwunye niile gara aga naanị “pụtara nkọwa zuru oke” (Tavares 2005, p.&nbsp;212) n'onwe ha. Agbanyeghị, suffixes abụọ ejiri mara nwere ike akara akụkụ omume n'oge gara aga. Ha bụ ''(j)(ë)mëhneja'' na ''-(h)e'' . Nke mbụ na-ewe otu prefixes nkeonwe dị ka ụdị ndị na-abụghị ndị gara aga na-eme, ebe nke ikpeazụ anaghị ewere prefixes nkeonwe, n'agbanyeghị na ọ dị ka ha yitere, n'ụzọ semant - na-aka ihe omume ugboro ugboro n'oge gara aga. 22. na 23. nye ihe atụ nke ''-(j)(ë)mëhneja'' na - ''(h) e'', n'otu n'otu.   <small>Data sitere na Tavares (2005) pp.&nbsp;218,237</small> Mgbe edobere m ngwaa na-ama akara, ''tV-(h)'' e ngwaa enweghị morphology ime ya. Otú ọ dị, ha na-ezo aka n'ihe ndị mere n'oge gara aga, ugbu a, na n'ọdịnihu, nwere akụkụ dị iche iche. Tavares emeghị ka o doo anya na ụtọ asụsụ ya ka esi ezo aka na ihe omume ndị ahụ, mana o yikarịrị ka ọ bụ site na gburugburu, na ụdị morpheme ndị ọzọ, dị ka morpheme ''hepï'' na-emekarị (site na data ewepụtara na Tavares 2005, p.&nbsp;232). ----[1] Nke a nwere ike ịbụ pro(aha) efu nke bụ ''O'' na ngwaa transitive. Lee (1b) maka ọmụmaatụ. Rịba ama na nhụta dị iche iche nke prefixes bụ ọnọdụ nke ụda olu ma ọ bụ dabere na ogologo (n'ihe gbasara 3A3O) == Ihe ndetu == bụ obodo na-ekwu okwu iji gosi asụsụ ndị dị otú ahụbụ obodo na-ekwu okwu iji gosi asụsụ ndị dị otú ahụbụ obodo na-ekwu okwu iji gosi asụsụ ndị dị otú ahụbụ obodo na-ekwu okwu iji gosi asụsụ ndị dị otú ahụbụ obodo na-ekwu okwu iji gosi asụsụ ndị dị otú ahụbụ obodo na-ekwu okwu iji gosi asụsụ ndị dị otú ahụbụ obodo na-ekwu okwu iji gosi asụsụ ndị dị otú ahụbụ obodo na-ekwu okwu iji gosi asụsụ ndị dị otú ahụbụ obodo na-ekwu okwu iji gosi asụsụ ndị dị otú ahụbụ obodo na-ekwu okwu iji gosi asụsụ ndị dị otú ahụbụ obodo na-ekwu okwu iji gosi asụsụ ndị dị otú ah{{Reflist}} == Ntụaka ==   == Njikọ mpụga == * [[iarchive:rosettaproject_way_vertxt-a1_audio-1|Ndekọ nke Wayana]] [[Otú:Pages with unreviewed translations]] pw21yu1htkgp2gb4wjsewgnydcojqvc 0 59386 644021 205047 2026-05-30T13:56:03Z Chiziqa 13055 Fixed reference error 644021 wikitext text/x-wiki UHlakayana, nke a na-adị ka Hlakayana, bụ onye ndu na Imam ifo Zulu. <ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1">{{Cite book|author=Sherman|first=Josepha|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dG2sBwAAQBAJ&q=storytelling+an+encyclopedia+of+mythology+and+folklore|title=Storytelling: An Encyclopedia of Mythology and Folklore|date=2015-03-26|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-317-45937-8|pages=523|language=en}}</ref> == Ihe nnọchianya == N'ọpọọ ifo ndị Xhosa, a na-egosi Uhlakayana dị ka ike a nji ya na ike nke ndị mmadụ, phosa ike inwe ike n'ụdị dị iche iche, ma na-dị mgbe niile dị ka nwoke na star.[1][2]  Otú ọ dị, n'foodu ifo ndị Zulu, a na- ree Uhlakayana dị ka onye dị obere n'otu ụdị ahụ dị ka Tikdoshe.  Uhlakayana na-emekarị ihe dabere na nrụ ọrụ ha.  [2] [3] nkọwa a dịtụ iche na ndị nwoke ifo Xhosa, ebe a ndị edi Uhlakayana dị ka nke na-anọpụ iche kama ị na-ahụ anya, ọ bụ na ha nwere ike ime obi ekere..<ref name=":2">{{Cite book|author=Seal|first=Graham|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qfTcKDzzqvIC&q=hlakanyana&pg=PA108|title=Encyclopedia of Folk Heroes|date=2001|publisher=ABC-CLIO|isbn=978-1-57607-216-5|pages=108|language=en}}</ref><ref name=":3">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3LNLHrS0kKkC&q=hlakanyana&pg=PA28|title=Trickster Tales: Forty Folk Stories from Around the World|date=1996|publisher=august house|isbn=978-0-87483-450-5|pages=28–29|language=en}}</ref> == Akụkọ ifo == Dị ka akụkọ ifo ụfọdụ si kwuo, Uhlakayana bụ nwa nke nwunye onye isi obodo, onye bụ nwanyị ikpeazụ n'obodo ya ịmụ nwa. Uhlakayana gwara nne ha okwu tupu ha amụọ, na-arịọ ya ka ọ mụọ ya. Ebe ọ bụ na ha bụ nwa ọhụrụ, Uhlakayana emeela ọtụtụ atụmatụ megide ndị obodo ahụ, dị ka ime ka nkịta riri anụ ndị obodo ahụ chụrụ, nke mere ka ha tie ndị nwunye ha na ụmụ ha ihe - mgbe n'eziokwu, Uhlakyana zuru anụ ahụ.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|author=Lynch|first=Patricia Ann|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4Qiq4ps_wDIC&q=african+mythology+a+to+z&pg=PP1|title=African Mythology, A to Z|date=2010|publisher=Infobase Publishing|isbn=978-1-4381-3133-7|pages=52|language=en}}<cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFLynchRoberts2010">Lynch, Patricia Ann; Roberts, Jeremy (2010). [https://books.google.com/books?id=4Qiq4ps_wDIC&q=african+mythology+a+to+z&pg=PP1 ''African Mythology, A to Z'']. Infobase Publishing. p.&nbsp;52. [[ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-1-4381-3133-7|<bdi>978-1-4381-3133-7</bdi>]].</cite></ref> Ọtụtụ n'ime ihe Uhlakayana na-eme mkparịtagbu ndị ọzọ maka nri.  [1] [2][3] N'otu ụdị, omume ha dugara n'ịhụ otu agadi , onye mechara sie onwe ya na ndụ.  N'ama, ụmụ ya ndị gara n'iche ya mechara rie ozu nne nne ya.  [1] [3] E nweela ndị ebe ndị ha ghọgburu Uhlakayana, mana ọnụ ọgụgụ ahụ yiri ka ọ la ike na ndụ n'ọtụtụ n'ime ha. <ref name=":0" /> <ref name=":3" /> == Hụkwa == * Ndepụta nke akụkọ ifo Africa == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}} azts5mii7xpa5z24tdtbdxwyl00n4jl 0 59387 644046 205049 2026-05-30T14:22:52Z Chiziqa 13055 Fixed reference error 644046 wikitext text/x-wiki Umamba, Umamba kaMakula ma ọ bụ uMamba kaMaquba[1] bụ akụkọ ifo Zulu gbasara nwata nwoke mụrụ nne nke na-ezobe ya n'ime akpụkpọ agwọ.  Ọ lụrụ nwaanyị nke na-akparị ya. == Ebe e si nweta ya == Reverend Henry Callaway nyere ikike Asụsụ Bekee nke ozi ahụ n'akwụkwọ ya gbasara Zulu, nke ọ chị site na Lydia (Umkasetemba). == Aha ya == Rev. O. Stavem sitere aha ahụ dị ka "Umamba (ụdị agwọ) nke Maqula".[1]  Onye Afrịka Harold Scheub nyere aha ya dị ka "Mamba nke ɔdɔ mmirika". Godwin na Groenewald na-akọwa aha ''Maquba'' dị ka "onye na-ebu ájá", bụkwa aha ọnwa Zulu mgbe ifufe siri ike na-efe.<ref name="Godwin & Groenewald 1994" /> == Nchịkọta == Nsụgharị Callaway na-amalite n'ụzọ a: otu onyeisi lụrụ ụmụnne nwanyị abụọ, otu n'ime ha na-aghọ onye isi, na anyaụfụ nke onye nke ọzọ. Ụmụnne nwanyị abụọ ahụ dị ime ma mụọ nwa, nwanne nwanyị eze nwanyị ahụ were ụmụ atọ mbụ nke eze nwanyị ahụ gbuo ha. N'ime ime nke anọ, eze nwanyị ahụ mụrụ imamba (agwọ) ọ kpọrọ Umamba ("The imamba-man"). Nwanne ya nwanyị mụkwara nwa nwoke ọ kpọrọ Unsimba ("Nwoke nwamba", dabere na insimba, nwamba ọhịa). A na-enyo nwanne nwanyị eze nwanyị enyo na ọ gburu ụmụ nwanne ya nwanyị ọhụrụ na ụdị ọgwụ ụfọdụ, mana ọ ka bụ ihe akaebe maka oge a. Afọ ole na ole ka e mesịrị, ụmụ agbọghọ yiri ka ha lụrụ Unsimba ma ọ bụ Umamba. Ụmụ nwanyị ahụ na-alụ ọhụrụ nwere ekele maka mmadụ, mana a na-atụ nwa agwọ egwu. Nna ha kwuru na Umamba ga-ebu ụzọ lụọ di, mana Unsimba mere ihe ọchị maka echiche ahụ. Otu ụbọchị, ụmụnne nwanyị abụọ pụtara ịlụ ụmụnne abụọ ahụ. Otu n'ime ụmụnne nwanyị ahụ, aha ya bụ Unthlamvu-yobuthlalu, họọrọ Unsimba, onye na-ahụghị ya n'anya, nwanne ya nwanyị Unthlamzu-yetusi họọrọ Umamba. A na-ajụ ya ajụjụ maka mkpebi ya ịlụ Umamba, mana ọ na-ekwusi ike na mkpebi ya. N'echi ya, ọ na-eri nri n'ụtụtụ ma n'uhuruchi ọ rịọrọ ọzọ ka nwunye ya tee ya mmanụ. Mgbe ahụ, ọ rịọrọ ka a gbatịa ya. Nwunye ya kwetara ma gbatịa ahụ agwọ ya. Ọ hụrụ akpụkpọ ahụ dị n'aka ya wee wụda ya. Mgbe ọ lere di ya anya, ọ hụrụ mmadụ mara mma. Ọ kpughere akụkọ ya niile: ụmụ atọ mbụ nke nne ya nwụrụ ma ha chere na ọ bụ nwanne ya nwanyị kpatara ya, ya mere nne ya, tupu amụọ Umamba, gwara nwanne ya nwoke ka ọ chọta akpụkpọ nke imamba ka o wee nwee ike ijikọta nwa ya nwoke na ya. === Eze A Na-eme Amụma === N'otu nsụgharị nke onye Zulu aha ya bụ Ukolekile nwetara ma kpọọ Umambakamaqula, The Bewitched King nke Reverend O. Stavem, eze nwere ọtụtụ ụmụ nwanyị. Otu ụbọchị, nke okenye kwuru na ọ ga-alụ uMambakamaqula. Ọ zutere nwanyị nwere nkwarụ na-ebu mmiri ma nyere ya aka ibudata ite mmiri ahụ. Nwanyị ahụ nwere nkwarụ, dịka ekele, gwara nwa agbọghọ ahụ onye ga-abụ di ya bụ agwọ, mana ọ gwara ya ka ọ ghara ịtụ egwu, n'ihi na ọ na-akụziri ya otu esi eji nlezianya bịaruo agwọ ahụ nso. Nwa nwanyị eze ahụ rutere n'ụlọ di ya ma soro ntụziaka nke nwanyị ahụ nwere nkwarụ. uMambakamaqula na-abịakwute ya site n'ọnụ ụzọ ụlọ ahụ ma na-agba onwe ya gburugburu nwunye ya, mana ọ ka na-adịghị ala ala. Di agwọ ahụ na-emeghe ma pụọ n'ụlọ ahụ ịkpọ ndị agbụrụ maka ịgba egwú agbụrụ. Ọ na-eyi nwunye ya uwe mara mma ma ọ laghachi n'ụlọ. Mgbe nwa ya nwanyị nke nta hụrụ ka nwanne ya nwanyị alọghachila, o kpebiri ịgbaso otu ụzọ ahụ. Nwa agbọghọ nke nta ahụ zutere otu nwanyị ahụ nwere nkwarụ, onye rịọrọ maka enyemaka, mana nwa agbọghọ ahụ jụrụ. Ọ bịarutere n'otu ụlọ ahụ wee banye n'ụlọ ahụ. Mgbe ọ hụrụ agwọ ahụ, ọ gbapụrụ n'ebe ahụ laghachi n'ụlọ ya, agwọ ahụ na-achụ ya. Nwanne nwanyị nke obere gwara okenye ahụ na nnukwu agwọ na-eso ya ma na-eche n'akụkụ osimiri dị nso na kraal ha. Onye okenye ahụ kwuru na agwọ ahụ bụ di ya nakwa na a ga-akpọ ya oriri na nkwari na kraal ha. Mgbe emume ahụ na onye ọ bụla hapụrụ di na nwunye ahụ naanị ha, nwunye agwọ ahụ rịọrọ ndị mmadụ ka ha weta ya osisi. Ọ na-amụnye ọkụ n'ụlọ ahụ na agwọ ka dị n'ime, ọ na-ere ọkụ ruo ọnwụ. === Mamba nke Maquba === N'ime nsụgharị nke Sibusisa Nyembezi chịkọtara, ụmụ agbọghọ abụọ ahụ na-adọta mmiri n'osimiri mgbe calabash nke okenye ahụ gbawara. N'ịtụ egwu na nne ha ga-abara ya mba, ọ zigara onye nke nta ka ọ kọọ ihe omume ahụ. Nne ahụ kwuru na nwa agbọghọ nke okenye ekwesịghị ichegbu onwe ya, mana nwa agbọghọ nke nta na-agha ụgha ma gwa onye nke okenye na nne ha na-ewe iwe. Nwa agbọghọ ahụ nke okenye kpebiri ịpụ ma lụọ Mamba kaMaquba. Na njem ya, ọ zutere otu agadi nwanyị nke chọrọ ka onye na-ata ya na onye na-ebu ite n'úkwù ya. Nwa agbọghọ ahụ na-enyere ndị ọ na-amaghị aka ma ha na-agwa ya ka ọ gaa n'ihu ịchọta alụmdi na nwunye. Nwa agbọghọ ahụ rutere n'ụlọ Mamba nke Maquba, mana ọ dịghị onye nọ ebe ahụ, ebe ọ bụ na ọ na-azụ ehi. A gwara nwa agbọghọ ahụ ka ọ na-egwe ọka nke ọma, n'ehihie, e zigara ya n'ụlọ Mamba ka ọ chere n'ebe ahụ. Mamba na-abanye n'ụlọ ahụ site na oghere, na-agba onwe ya gburugburu nwa agbọghọ ahụ, mana ọ naghị egosi egwu ọ bụla. Ha lụrụ di ma mụọ nwa. Mgbe ụfọdụ gasịrị, nwa agbọghọ ahụ, onye bụzi nwunye Mamba, chọrọ ileta ezinụlọ ya na nwa ha, nke Mamba kwetara. Mgbe nwa agbọghọ ahụ na nwa ahụ rutere n'obodo ya, nwanne ya nwanyị nke obere nwere echiche ịgbaso otu ụzọ ahụ onye nke ọzọ, ma e wezụga na ọ naghị enyere ndị ọ na-amaghị aka n'ụzọ ma ọ maghị ọdịdị agwọ nke Mamba. Nwanne nwanyị nke obere bịara n'ụlọ Mamba ma chere ya. Mgbe ọ hụrụ agwọ ahụ, egwu tụrụ ya wee gbalaga n'ụlọ. Mamba, n'ụdị agwọ, na-eso ya. Mgbe ọ rutere, ndị mmadụ tiri ya ihe ma kpọọ ya ọkụ. Nwunye mbụ ahụ were ntụ Mamba, meghee oghere n'ụlọ ya ma tinye ha n'ime. Ọ na-emechi oghere ahụ. N'ime ụbọchị ndị sochirinụ, oghere malitere ịpụta n'ime oghere ahụ ka di ya si n'ụwa pụta dị ka mmadụ, ọ bụghịzi agwọ. Mamba nke Maquba na nwunye ya na nwa ya hapụrụ.<ref name="Groenewald1994" /> === Nsụgharị ndị ọzọ === Marianne Brindely chịkọtara akụkọ ọzọ ebe nwanne nwanyị nke obere na-ebu ụzọ lụọ Mamba kaMaquba. Ọ zutere otu agadi nwanyị n'ụzọ nke gwara nwa agbọghọ ahụ ka ọ na-ata ihe nzuzo ya. Ọ jụrụ ma gaa n'ihu, na-achọta nwoke na-ebu pitcher na ihe isi ike. Ọ jụkwara inyere ya aka wee banye n'ụlọ Mamba kaMaquba, n'amaghị na ọ bụ agwọ ugbu a. Nwanne nwanyị nke okenye, n'aka nke ọzọ, na-enyere ndị mmadụ abụọ ahụ aka n'ụzọ ma na-enweta ndụmọdụ banyere otu esi abịarute agwọ Mamba kaMaquba.<ref name="Brindley1986">{{Cite journal|author=Brindley|first=M.|title=The role of old women in Zulu culture: Old women and child-nurture|journal=South African Journal of Ethnology|date=1986|volume=9|issue=1|pages=26–31}}</ref> Na akara nke C. T. Misimang , otu nwa n'ahụ aha ya bụ Thokozile ịlụ Mamba nke Maquba.  Ọ zutere otu agadi n'ụzọ gwara ya ka ọ na-ata ihe nke anya ya.  Ọ na-eme ma gwa ya na Mamba bụ onye isi n anụmanụ anụmanụ.  Nwanyị agadi ahụ gwara ya ka ọ gaa n'ihu ndị Mamba ma soro malite ha gaa n' akwụkwọ ozi ahụ, wee banye n'ihe Mamba ma dina ala, oriri mgbe ọ rinya na ego ka ọ na-abanye n'ahụ ahụ;  ụzọ ọ bụ, ọ ga-enweta mma ma gbuo ya.  Nwa ahụ hụrụ ahụ ahụ na-ebu ibu n'elu úkwù ya onye ọ na-enyere aka, ma nna rute n'obodo Mamba.  A gwara ya ka ọ na-egwe sorghum e siri esi maka Amasi nke Mamba (mmiri ara ehi siri ike).  N'oge na-adịghị anya, ha gwara ya ka ọ gaa n'ahụ ka ọ chere Mamba, onye gbara ya gburugburu.  Ha akụkọ di na nke.  Nwanne mmetụta Thokozile, mgbe ọ bịara see na-egosi ya gara nke ọma, ihe ngosi otu ụzọ ahụ, mana n'enyesighịghị ndị ọ na-ama aka n'ụzọ, ma, mgbe ọ rutere n'ahụ Mamba ma mee (n'ụzọ na-adịghị mma) otu ọrụ ahụ, egwu na-atụ ya mgbe ọ mụrụ ahụ.  N'ihi nsogbu ya, ndị na-ahụ Mamba akara ụdọ ya poteto nwa ahụ ruo n'iche ya, wee n'iche elu ya.  Otu ụbọchị, mgbe ọ mụsịrị nwa nwa, Thokozile mmetụta ileta ndị ọrụ ya, mana ọ na-atụ egwu di nti ahụ.  Ka ọ na-agba gburugburu ya, ọ na-echeta mama agadi ahụ: ọ na-enweta mma ma bepụ ihe ahụ.  Oria ndị ahụ na-aghọ "nwa nwanyị mara mma": Thokozile emebiela ọbụ ọnụ nke mere ka Mamba nke Maquba, onye bụbu nwoke, nwoke, isi ndụ..<ref name="Groenewald1994">{{Cite journal|author=Groenewald|first=H.C.|title=TWO ZULU TALES OF UMAMBA kaMAQUBA|journal=Merveilles & Contes|date=1994|volume=8|issue=2|pages=325–335}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFGroenewald1994">Groenewald, H.C. (1994). "TWO ZULU TALES OF UMAMBA kaMAQUBA". ''Merveilles & Contes''. '''8''' (2): <span class="nowrap">325–</span>335. [[JSTOR (identifier)|JSTOR]]&nbsp;[https://www.jstor.org/stable/41390397 41390397].</cite></ref> === Di agwọ === A na-eji àgwà Umamba tụnyere The Frog Prince nke akụkọ ifo German nke prọfesọ America George Lyman Kittredge: ihe odide abụọ ahụ bụ ndị isi a na-eme ka ha bụrụ anụmanụ (agwọ ma ọ bụ awọ), ọ bụkwa aka nwanyị ahụ kwetara ịlụ ha ka ha ghara ịbụ ha.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Kittredge|first=George Lyman|title=Disenchantment by Decapitation|journal=The Journal of American Folklore|date=January 1905|volume=18|issue=68|pages=1–14|doi=10.2307/534258}}</ref> Aha "mamba" yiri ka ọ na-echetara agwọ mamba na-egbu egbu.<ref name="Godwin & Groenewald 1994">{{Cite journal|author=Godwin|first=Denise|title=Some Zulu Variants of "The Snake Bridegroom"|journal=Merveilles & Contes|date=1994|volume=8|issue=2|pages=297–308}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFGodwinGroenewald1994">Godwin, Denise; Groenewald, H. C. (1994). "Some Zulu Variants of "The Snake Bridegroom"". ''Merveilles & Contes''. '''8''' (2): <span class="nowrap">297–</span>308. [[JSTOR (identifier)|JSTOR]]&nbsp;[https://www.jstor.org/stable/41390394 41390394].</cite></ref> Onye edemede Edwin Sidney Hartland jiri ndị Umara mere ika otu n'ime Ndị Karen ebe ezé osisi mụrụ nwa nke asaa nke eze ma nne ya gbara izu egwuregwu akpụkpọ ezé ya ọkụ.. E jikwa ahụ mmetụta nke mba ụwa yiri nke ahụ njikọ na-egosi n'etiti ihe e kere eke nke mmadụ na nwa anụmanụ na-eme ka ọ ghara inwe obi ụtọ (ya bụ, Cupid na Psyche na Beauty and the Beast).). == Hụkwa == * Monyohe (Sotho) * Anụmanụ Dị ka Nwoke Na-alụ == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}} [[Otú:Pages with unreviewed translations]] bbawk5g9fpghdni0awlplts3org74q9 0 59391 644463 205056 2026-05-31T03:40:08Z Goodymeraj 16207 644463 wikitext text/x-wiki St Catherine's School bụ ụlọ akwụkwọ kwụụrụ onwe ya, nke na-agụkọ akwụkwọ na Germiston, Gauteng nke aha ya bụ Saint Catherine nke Siena.  akwụkwọ aha ọnụ, St Catherine nwere ụlọ akwụkwọ ọta akara, ụlọ akwụkwọ na ụlọ akwụkwọ ma ọ bụrụ ụlọ akwụkwọ ochie na Germiston. == Akụkọ ihe mere eme == [[Faịlụ:St_Catherine's_School_Front.jpg|alt=|áká_èkpè|thumb|N'ihu ụlọ akwụkwọ St. Catherine]] [[Faịlụ:St_Catherine's_School_Quad.jpg|alt=|áká_èkpè|thumb|Quad na St Catherine's School]] St Catherine's School bụ nke Dominican Sisters nke St. Catherine nke Siena, Natal" id="mwIw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Newcastle, KwaZulu-Natal">Newcastle, Natal akara na 1908 iji gboo mkpa na- ike ike maka ndị n'obodo Germiston dị 22 sitere na Gold Rushle (onye na-eme ihe na 1908).  akwụkwọ mbụ ahụ dị na Hardach Street na etiti Germiston, e wuru ya n'ala ụlọ n'aka ụlọ ọrụ na-egwupụtapụta Simmer na Jack. Ọ bụ ebe obibi ndị mbụ na East Rand na ụlọ akwụkwọ mbụ na Germiston.<ref name="StCHist">{{Cite web|url=http://www.stcatherines.org.za/history/|title=History &ndash; St Catherine's School|author=<!--Not stated-->|work=stcatherines.org.za|accessdate=13 June 2017}}</ref>   <sup class="noprint Inline-Template noprint noexcerpt Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''<nowiki><span title="primary source (December 2023)">better<span typeof="mw:Entity">&</nowiki>nbsp;<nowiki></span></nowiki>source<nowiki><span typeof="mw:Entity">&</nowiki>nbsp;<nowiki></span></nowiki>needed<nowiki></span></nowiki>''&#x5D;</sup> Ka ọ na-erule afọ 1940, gburugburu ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ na Germiston CBD na-aga n'ihu ngwa ngwa ihe, n'otu oge ahụ na ike zuru oke site n'ebe ugwu gaa n'ebe ndị nke ọtụtụ ndị bi na Germston, na 1948 St Catherine's School kwagara na mpaghara nke Parkhill Gardens.  N'ebe a, e echebe maka ụlọ egwuregwu.[1]  E mere ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ n'ụdị Romanesque Revival, nke sitere na njedebe nke iri na ngosi nke ncheta afọ nke iri abụọ Arts and Crafts Movement, site n'aka onye Irish Catholic architect Brendan Joseph Clinch, onye mmekọ Herbert Baker.<ref name="heritage">{{Cite web|title=St Catherine's School, Germiston|url=https://www.theheritageportal.co.za/plaque/st-catherines-school-germiston|accessdate=2023-01-10|work=www.theheritageportal.co.za|language=en}}</ref><ref name="ClinchBaker">{{Cite web|title=CLINCH, Brendan Joseph|url=https://www.artefacts.co.za/main/Buildings/archframes.php?archid=260|accessdate=2023-01-13|work=www.artefacts.co.za|language=en}}</ref> Ka ọ na-erule ngwụcha afọ 1968, ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ kpebiri, ya na ụlọ akwụkwọ nwanne ya nwanyị [[Boksburg]]" id="mwQg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="St Dominic's Catholic School for Girls, Boksburg">St Dominic's dị na Boksburg, na-elekọta naanị ụmụ akwụkwọ ụlọ akwụkwọ praịmarị: ụmụ nwanyị ruo ọkwa 5 (ọkwa 7) na ụmụ nwoke ruo ọkwa 1 (ọkwa 3). Tụkwasị na nke a, na 1970 Ngalaba Mmụta Transvaal ghọtara ma debanye aha ụlọ akwụkwọ praịmarị St Catherine. Akụkọ mbụ a kọrọ na a ịhapụ na St Catherine's mere n'ụbọchị iri na asaa n'ọgọstụ n'afọ 1972, mgbe onye na-elekọta ụlọ akwụkwọ na-ehicha ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ mgbe awa gachara kwuru na ihe na-acha ntụ ntụ ma ọ bụ "mkpu" nwere "anya uhie na-onye nwere chụpụrụ ya n' ntụ ntụ ụlọ ahụ.  nke nwere okpu kpuchiri uwe elu na-asaa asɔ", nke na-eso ụkwụ ụkwụ "'na-eti mkpu'. Sin ahụ, nke a, na ọ na-atụgharị n' LED ngwaọrụ ụlọ akwụkwọ, ụlọ ekpere, ala na ọtụtụ klas dị n'ivi egwuregwu, a chọpụta ya Patrick n'oge na-adịghị anya, n'ihi otu n'ime ụlọ akwụkwọ na-ahụ Patrick, n'ihi otu n'ime ụlọ na-ahụ Patrick, n'ihi otu n'ime ụlọ na-ahụ Patrick, n'ihi otu n'ime ụlọ na-ahụ Patrick, 19 na 19  akwụkwọ ahụ ka dị ugbu a.<ref name="StCHist" /> N'afọ 2001, ndị Gọvanọ kwadoro imeghe ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị ahụ, n'afọ ahụ kwa, ụmụ akwụkwọ nọ na klas 8 malitere kemgbe afọ 1968. N'otu oge ahụ, a gbasaa ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ, site na iwu ngalaba ọhụrụ nke a rụchara ma jiri ya mee ihe n'ụzọ zuru ezu na 2007. Oriakụ J. Crosby, onye bụbu onye Boksburg High School, batara dị ka onye isi ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị na June 2007. N'afọ 2008, ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ mere emume otu narị afọ ya site na emume otu otu narị afọ, nke emere n'okpuru marquee n'ọgbọ egwuregwu bọọlụ nke ihe karịrị ụmụ akwụkwọ 800, ndị nne na nna, ndị ọrụ, ụmụ akwụkwọ gara aga na ndị nkuzi gara aga bịara.<ref name="StCHist" /> Na Disemba 2015, Oriakụ V. Johnson ghọrọ onyeisi ụlọ akwụkwọ.   Onye isi ụlọ akwụkwọ ọhụrụ, Oriakụ S. Rodrigues, malitere oge ya na Jenụwarị 2016. Site na ezumike nká nke onye isi ụlọ akwụkwọ ọta akara, Oriakụ T. Henry, onye isi ụlọ ọrụ ọta akara ọhụrụ, Oriakụ C. Stewart, malitere oge ya na Jenụwarị 2016. Na Mee 2016, onye isi ụlọ akwụkwọ, Oriakụ Johnson, mara ọkwa na ọ ga-ala ezumike nká na Disemba nke otu awụ ahụ.  Dennis Maritz, onye bụbu onye Cornwall Hill College na Pretoria nọchiri ya n'afọ 2017. A maara ụlọ akwụkwọ praịmarị ugbu a dị ka ụlọ akwụkwọ na ụlọ akwụkwọ ugbu a dị na ụlọ dị elu. N'afọ 2022, ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ meghere ma ụlọ ọrụ STEAM.  Achịbishọp nke Johannesburg, Buti Tlhagale,gọziri ụlọ ọrụ ahụ ma ahụ ya site n'aka Nwanna Stephany Thiel, onye isi mpaghara.  Ụlọ ọrụ STEAM nwere ụlọ ọrụ nka na ebe ngosi, ụlọ abụọ, ụlọ ọrụ kọmputa na ebe robotics na koodu.  E wuru ụlọ elu Rose Niland, nke bụ dị mkpa nke etiti ahụ, iji sọpụrụ onye ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ, Nne Rose Niland.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2022-10-16|title=St Catherine's School opens STEAM Centre|url=https://germistoncitynews.co.za/296986/st-cathrines-school-open-steam-centre/|work=germistoncitynews.com|language=en|accessdate=2023-01-14}}</ref> === Ọnọdụ ihe nketa === The Johannesburg Heritage Foundation amatala ndị ihe mere eme na ihe owuwu nke ụlọ St Catherine's School, na-enye akara na-acha na-enyere n' akwụkwọ ahụ na 2021.<ref name="heritage" /> == Ndị ọkà mmụta == [[Faịlụ:St_Catherine's_School_Chapel.jpg|alt=|thumb|N'ime Ụlọ ekpere na St Catherine's School]] Ndị na-agụ akwụkwọ na St Catherine na ụmụ akwụkwọ nke 9 na-ede ule nke Independent Examinations Board (IEB) nọmba.  IEB bụ òtù nke ụlọ akwụkwọ ndị nweere onwe ha na-ede ule ya na South Africa.  Ule ndị otu na ihe mkpa nke National Senior Certificate ma bụrụ ndị mba ụwa na mahadum South Africa niile kwadoro. Ihe ndị e si na klaasị 1 ruo 3 (nke nta) bụ: * [[Asụsụ Bekee|Bekee]] * [[Afrikaans language|Asụsụ Afrikaans]] * [[Asụsụ Zulu|Zulu]] * [[Ọmúmú-ónúọgụgụ|mgbakọ na mwepụ]] * Agụmakwụkwọ okpukpe * [[wiktionary:guidance|Ndụ]] * Mmụta ahụike * Egwú * Ọmụmụ kọmputa * [[Coding and Robotics|Koodu na Robotics]] Ihe ọmụmụ iwu maka Grade 4 ruo 6 (nke dị n'etiti) na Grade 7 (nke dị elu) bụ: * [[Asụsụ Bekee|Bekee]] * Afrikaans (asụsụ mbụ ọzọ) * [[Asụsụ Zulu|isiZulu]] (asụsụ nke abụọ ọzọ) * [[Ọmúmú-ónúọgụgụ|mgbakọ na mwepụ]] * Sayensị okike * [[Ọmúmú-àlà|Ọdịdị ala]] * [[Ákíkó mbu|Akụkọ ihe mere eme]] * [[Nka na Uzu|Teknụzụ]] * [[wiktionary:guidance|Ndụ]] * Agụmakwụkwọ okpukpe * Egwú * Ihe nkiri * [[Ǹkà|Ihe osise]] * Ọmụmụ kọmputa * Sayensị akụ na ụba na njikwa (Ọkwa nke 7) * Mmụta ahụike * [[Coding and Robotics|Koodu na Robotics]] Ihe ọmụmụ a na-enye site na klaasị 8 ruo Matric na St Catherine bụ: * Ịgụ Akụkọ * Afrikaans (asụsụ nke abụọ) * Ọmụmụ azụmahịa * [[Orunotu|CAT]] (Nkeji nke 10 - 12) * [[Asụsụ Bekee|Bekee]] (mkpa) * [[Ọmúmú-àlà|Ọdịdị ala]] * [[Ákíkó mbu|Akụkọ ihe mere eme]] * Nkà na ụzụ (ọkwa 8-9) na Nkà na Ụzụ (ọkwá 10-12) * [[Asụsụ Zulu|isiZulu]] (asụsụ nke abụọ) * [[wiktionary:guidance|Ndụ]] nduzi (mkpa) * [[Ọmúmú-ónúọgụgụ|mgbakọ na mwepụ]] ma ọ bụ agụmakwụkwọ[[Ọnụ ọgụgụ|Ịgụ na ide]] * Sayensị ndụ * Sayensị anụ ahụ * Agụmakwụkwọ okpukpe (mkpa) * [[Coding and Robotics|Koodu na Robotics]] (Gr.8 &9) == Egwuregwu == [[Faịlụ:St_Catherine's_athletes_at_Germiston_Stadium.jpg|áká_èkpè|thumb|Ndị na-eme egwuregwu n'ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị nke St Catherine na-ekpo ọkụ n'ihu asọmpi n'etiti ụlọ akwụkwọ.]] Ụmụ akwụkwọ St Catherine na-esokwa na egwuregwu iche iche.  Irẹ n'Ibu akwụkwọ ikike, cricket, tenis, netball egwuregwu na igwu mmiri.  E nwere ma ndị ikom otu ụmụ nwoke ma ndị inyom na-akpa anya ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ na ndị otu bọlụ ụmụ bụ mgbakwunye, nke a na-akpọ 'Saint's Soccer Team'.  St Catherine's anɔwokwa, nwa afọ 2007, na-ahọ mpi na Germiston inter-high swimming gala, ebe ọ nwere ihe ịga nke ọma.. == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * [http://www.stcatherines.org.za/ Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ St. Catherine] * [http://www.isasa.org/ Òtù Ụlọ Akwụkwọ Na-anọghị n'Otu nke Southern Africa (ISASA)] * [http://www.cso.za.org/ Ụlọ Akwụkwọ Katọlik (CSO)] {{GPSchools|state=expanded}} [[Otú:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 2cn79mv6ybw3sg03fgrop4o8a8pdbri 0 59394 644078 205067 2026-05-30T15:26:39Z Neme244 16387 added DEFAULTSORT 644078 wikitext text/x-wiki   Emma Touny Waundjua Tuhepha (amụrụ 11 Disemba 1974) bụ onye Namibia na-akwado HIV/AIDS.[1] Na 1996, ọ bụ nwanyị Namibia mbụ kwupụtara n'ihu ọha na ya bu nje HIV.[2] Ọ ghọrọ onye ama ama maka mmata HIV/AIDS na mbọ ya rụpụtara rụpụtara, n'ihi na ọgwụ mgbochi retroviral rutere n'oge na-adịghị anya iji gwọọ ndị Namibia nwere HIV/AIDS.[3] Na 2001, o mebere Lironga Eparu (mụta ịlanarị), otu nkwado maka ndị bu nje HIV nke na-ekerekwa òkè n'ịkwado, ịkwalite mmata na mmepe amụma.[4] Tuahepa bụzi Onye Nchịkọba Mba nke Otu. O si na Caprivi Region wee gaa na Caprivi College of Education[5] tupu ya enweta diploma nkuzi na Windhoek College of Education ma kụziri nwa oge na Okuryngava Primary School. . <ref name="MBN">{{Cite web|url=http://www.my-beautiful-namibia.com/tuahepa-emma.html|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20130129144419/http://www.my-beautiful-namibia.com/tuahepa-emma.html|archivedate=29 January 2013|title=Tuahepa Emma|publisher=My-Beautiful-Namibia.com|accessdate=12 January 2012}}</ref> == Edemsibia == {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Tuahepa, Emma}} [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] jzu7utadidc1z3nkdkzf718pg1hmc48 0 59427 644303 205102 2026-05-30T20:41:42Z Sylvaline39 15355 fixed reference error 644303 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Uwamahoro Antoinette''' (amụrụ na 25 Disemba 1975 na Kigali) bụ onye na-eme ihe nkiri na Rwanda. == Ọrụ == Uwamahoro Antoinette dị ka a maara dị ka "Intare y'igore", "Siperansiya" na-eme ihe nkiri kemgbe afọ iri abụọ na Rwanda.[1] Ọ ghọrọ onye ama ama na ihe nkiri Rwandan dị iche iche gụnyere Serwakira, Giramata, Mukadata, Intare y'ingore na ndị ọzọ. N'ọkwa ọzọ ga-ewu ewu na Seburikoko na Television Rwandan. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|author=Harerimana|first=Jean Claude|date=2021-07-16|title=Byinshi wamenya kuri Siperansiya wo muri Seburikoko.|url=https://yegob.rw/byinshi-wamenya-kuri-siperansiya-wo-muri-seburikoko/|accessdate=2022-08-05|work=YEGOB|language=en-US}}</ref> == Onye nwere mmetụta == O chere na ọ bụ onye na-eme ihe nkiri dịka iwu.<ref name=":0"/> == Ndụ onwe onye == Ọ bụ nwa mbụ n'ime ụmụ asaa. Ọ lụrụ nwanyị ma nwee ụmụ atọ. Ugbu a, ọ bi na Nyarugenge District na Nyamirambo Sector . <ref>{{Cite web|author=Munezero|first=Martin|title=Menya iby’urukundo ruri kuvugwa hagati ya Seburikoko na Antoinette uzwi nka Intare y’Ingore|url=http://www.umuryango.rw/ad-restricted/article/menya-iby-urukundo-ruri-kuvugwa-hagati-ya-seburikoko-na-antoinette-uzwi-nka|accessdate=2022-08-05|work=Umuryango - Kinyarwanda|language=en}}</ref> [https://umuryango.rw/ad-restricted/article/menya-iby-urukundo-ruri-kuvugwa-hagati-ya-seburikoko-na-antoinette-uzwi-nka] == Edemsibia == [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] ds5n4d4fo5v8wziqo0tgg1g0ifx04do 0 59481 644429 638244 2026-05-30T23:49:42Z Iwuala chisom 17246 Fixed reference errors 644429 wikitext text/x-wiki  {{Databox}} '''Susannah Caroline Constantine''' <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bertrams.com/BertWeb/public/itemLookup.do?method=list&ITEM=9781841882369|title=9781841882369-What Not to Wear Part 2|publisher=Bertrams.com|accessdate=6 June 2014}}</ref> (amụrụ 3 June 1962) <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.pressreader.com/uk/sunday-express-1070/20080927/283609576006347|title=Susannah Constantine: The Upfront Uptown Girl|work=[[Sunday Express]]|first=Virginia|author=Blackburn|date=27 September 2008}}</ref> bụ onye England bụbu onye nta akụkọ ejiji TV, onye edemede, onye ndụmọdụ ụdị, onye na-egosi ihe onyonyo, onye ode akwụkwọ na onye nrụpụta uwe . Akwụkwọ ya nke abụọ, ''Gịnị na-agaghị eyi'', nke ya na onye mmekọ ejiji ya bụ Trinny Woodall dere, meriri ya akwụkwọ nrite nke Britain ma ree 670,000. A mụrụ Constantine n'ezinụlọ bara ọgaranya; nna ya nwere ihe ịga nke ọma na ngalaba ihe onwunwe na mbupu. Ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ na nzuzo mgbe ọ bụ nwata wee soro David Armstrong-Jones, Viscount Linley, n'oge 1980s. Constantine etinyela aka na ejiji ogologo oge, na-arụ ọrụ na America maka Giorgio Armani na John Galliano na London. Ọ zutere Trinny Woodall na 1994, onye ọ gara n'ihu na-edekọ kọlụm ejiji kwa izu, ''Njikere iyi'' . Ha tọrọ ntọala Ready2shop.com, azụmahịa ndụmọdụ ndụmọdụ dot-com, wee dee akwụkwọ ndụmọdụ ndụmọdụ mbụ ha na 2000, ''Njikere 2 Dress'', ha abụọ dara. Site n'ebe ahụ, e nyere ha ọrụ na BBC abụọ ka ha nọrọ n'usoro ụdị, ''Gịnị na-agaghị eyi'', site na 2001 ruo 2005. Ọ na-eme ka ọ pụta ìhè mgbe niile dị ka onye ndụmọdụ ụdị na ''The Oprah Winfrey Show'' na-esochi ọganihu ya na ihe nkiri ahụ, ọ gara n'ihu na-akwado ''Trinny &amp;amp; Susannah Undress ...'' na ITV na 2006 na ''Undress the Nation'' na 2007. Ya na Woodall ejikọtala akwụkwọ ndụmọdụ ejiji ejiji, ụfọdụ n'ime ha aghọwo ndị kacha ere ahịa na [[Obodoézè Nà Ofú|United Kingdom]] na [[Njikọ̀taọ̀hà|United States]]. A na-eme atụmatụ na akwụkwọ ndụmọdụ ụdịdị ya dị iche iche rerela 2.5&nbsp;nde nde na Britain na United States. Constantine na Woodall haziri uwe nke ha maka Littlewoods nke mere mpụta mbụ ya na 2007, sochiri mwepụta nke akwụkwọ ndụmọdụ ejiji kachasị ọhụrụ, ''The Body Shape Bible'' . == Ndụ mbido == A mụrụ Constantine na Hammersmith, ma zụlite ya na Knipton, obere obodo dị na Leicestershire . Nna ya, Joseph Constantine, bụ onye Etonian ochie bụ onye jere ozi dịka onye isi na Coldstream Guards . Ọ bụ onye ezinụlọ gentry nke Yorkshire gbagoro onwe ya laa azụ na 1100s. Site na nne nne ya, Marie Leonie Francoise (née van Haaren), o sitere na onye isi ala Dutch William the Silent . <ref name="Burke's Landed Gentry 1952, p. 515">Burke's Landed Gentry, 17th ed., 1952, ed. L. G. Pine, p. 515, 'Constantine of Tanton Grange' pedigree</ref><ref> == Agụmakwụkwọ == Constantine gụrụ akwụkwọ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ abanye gụnyere Queen's Gate School na South Kensington, London na St Mary's School na Wantage, Oxfordshire nke ndị nọn Anglican na-elekọta. Ebu ụzọ ziga ya n'ụlọ akwụkwọ ụlọ akwụkwọ mgbe ọ dị afọ 11, wee cheta n'abalị mbụ ya n'ebe ọ nọ pụọ: "Ewere m ohiri isi m ákwá nke ukwuu." N'etiti afọ 2007, Constantine kwuru banyere otu o si nweta akwụkwọ ozi sitere na St Mary's School, na-akpọ ya òkù ka ọ bịaghachi n'ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ ikwu banyere ọrụ ya na ihe ịga nke ọma n'ebe ụmụ akwụkwọ nọ ugbu a. Constantine jụrụ ozugbo onyinye ahụ wee dee "Ọ dịghị ụzọ aghụghọ" na leta ọ natara. == Ọrụ mmalite == Constantine mere otu afọ nke ọzụzụ Montessori mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ mana ọ gara n'ihu na ọrụ ndị ọzọ dị ka ịmụ ihe ọkpụkpụ na Brussels . O mesịrị kwuo banyere oge a na ọ "efunahụ [ya] na-amaghị nwoke ma ọ bụ nwanyị, were ntakịrị iwe." Constantine kụziiri ụmụaka ihe afọ atọ, ma rụọkwa ọrụ dịka nwa agbọghọ ụlọ ahịa maka Harrods . <ref name="therapists" /> O dere akwụkwọ gbasara inye ihe ugbu a, bụ́ nke kpaliri ''Daily Telegraph'' dee akụkọ na-egosi na ọ rụbeghị ọrụ otu ụbọchị ná ndụ ya, ihe kpasuru ya iwe nke ukwuu. O kwupụtala "M na-arụ ọrụ ''mgbe niile'' ." Ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka nwa agbọghọ ụlọ ahịa na America maka Giorgio Armani . O mechara laghachi London na-arụ ọrụ maka ndị na-emepụta Richard James, Patrick Cox, Alistair Blair na John Galliano nke nwetara ya nghọta nke ejiji. <ref name="Partner" /> Ọ malitere ịrụ ọrụ na British Brain na Spine Foundation wee zute onye nchịkọta akụkọ egwuregwu nke ''Daily Telegraph'' . <ref name="Partner" /> Mgbe ọ na-eme otu mpempe maka ''GMTV'', ọ gwara Constantine ka ọ kọọ akụkọ ikpeazụ iko mba ụwa nke ụmụ nwanyị na cricket . Ọ gara n'ihu dee banyere ụgbọ ala na mgbe ahụ ejiji. <ref name="Partner" /> Na 1994, ọ zutere Trinny Woodall na mbụ na oriri nke David Armstrong-Jones, Viscount Linley kwadoro. Ụmụ nwanyị abụọ ahụ dere ''Njikere na-eyi'', ntuziaka ụdị kwa izu maka ''Daily Telegraph'' maka afọ asaa. <ref name="Swells" /> Kọlụm ahụ kwalitere ejiji n'okporo ámá dị ọnụ ala ma ha jiri onwe ha mee ihe atụ nke uwe dabara adaba. Constantine na Woodall ghọrọ ndị na-arụkọ ọrụ nke Ready2shop.com, ma azụmahịa azụmahịa dara, na ndị na-achụ ego furu efu £ 10.&nbsp;nde. Constantine mere ihe ngosi telivishọn mbụ ya mgbe Granada Sky Broadcasting bịanyere aka na ya na Woodall ka ha gosipụta ihe ngosi ịzụ ahịa ụbọchị ehihie a na-akpọ ''Njikere na-eyi'', na ha wepụtara akwụkwọ ndụmọdụ ejiji mbụ ha, ''Njikere 2 Dress'' na 2000. Akwụkwọ ahụ enweghị ihe ịga nke ọma wee rụpụta mkpụrụ 13,000. N'oge na-adịghị ka mmalite nke ọrụ telivishọn ha, ha nwetara ohere mgbanwe ugboro ugboro na ihe nkiri ''Richard &amp;amp; Judy'' . O mere ka o doo anya na ha nwekwuru ikpughe na telivishọn wee nweta nlebara anya site n'aka Jane Root, onye na-ahụ maka BBC Abụọ, bụ onye debanyere aha ha mgbe akwụkwọ ha na-azụ ahịa na ịntanetị ha dara nke ọma. <ref name="Swells" /> == Igwe onyonyo == === 2001–03 === Constantine malitere ịkwado ''ihe na-agaghị eyi'' na Trinny Woodall na 2001, nke ha katọrọ ọdịdị ndị sonyere na ụdị ejiji. Constantine na Woodall kwadoro ''Ihe na-agaghị eyi'' ruo 2005 wee bụrụ onye a ma ama maka omume ha na ndị sonyere ya, ndụmọdụ kpọmkwem, na-ekwukarị na [[Arã|ara]] dị ka nnụnnụ tit. Oge a ma ama bilitere mgbe Constantine dọpụrụ uwe ime nwanyị nke nwa agbọghọ n'otu ntabi anya mgbe ọ na-ese foto ka a na-ahụ ahịrị knicker ya. Ndị nkatọ nke ''Ihe Na-agaghị eyi'' na-arụ ụka na duo ahụ na-akwado ndị ha na-achị, nkwupụta nke ha ekwetaghị nke ọma. Constantine na-ekwusi ike na ndị ha na-achị "hụ na anyị nwere ezi ịhụnanya maka ụmụ nwanyị. Anyị hụrụ ụmụ nwanyị n'anya ma ha nwere ike ịhụ nke ahụ. Ụmụ nwanyị mara nnọọ." <ref name="God‘sgift" /> O kwukwara na "N'ikpeazụ, ihe anyị na-eme na-eme ka ndị mmadụ nwee obi ike. Ma eleghị anya, anyị bụ naanị ndị nwere echiche, na-eche banyere otú ndị nkịtị si eji ejiji. Ọ dịghị onye na magazin ''Vogue'' na-enye ihe ọ bụla. Ha na-arụ ọrụ na ndị na-emepụta ihe, ọ bụ ihe okike na nkà - ha na-emepụta ihe mara mma. Ma ha anaghị eche banyere otú ndị na-agụ akwụkwọ ha si ejedebe na-ele anya - ebe anyị na-eme! " <ref name="God‘sgift" /> Ihe ngosi ahụ mere Constantine na Woodall aha ezinụlọ ma mara ha ugbu a dị ka Trinny na Susannah . Otu onye nta akụkọ akpọtụla Constantine dị ka “onye nwere 'oke nnụnnụ tit'." <ref name="mia" /> Constantine nwere nkwenye na "onye ọ bụla nwere ike nweta ụdị. Ọ dịghị mkpa onye ị bụ ma ọ bụ ebe ị si." Ọ na-ekwukwa na ọ na-esiri ya ike iyi uwe ụmụ nwanyị ndị ọzọ, mana ọ na-esiri ya ike mgbe ọ na-eji ejiji. Constantine na Woodall na-ekerịta nkwenye na uwe ejiji ka ọ dị nro dị mkpa, na-ekwu na "Nye anyị, ọ bụ maka ọdịdị, na otú nke ahụ ga-esi gwọọ ntụpọ anụ ahụ. Anyị dị ka ndị dọkịta uwe." N'oge ya na-akwado ''ihe na-agaghị eyi'', ya na Woodall meriri Royal Television Society Award na 2002 maka ịbụ ndị na-egosi eziokwu kachasị mma. Na 2002, Constantine dụrụ Jeremy Clarkson ọdụ na ụdị ihe a ma ama nke ''Ihe Na-agaghị eyi'' . Mgbe Clarkson pụtara na ihe nkiri ahụ, Nasir Khan kwuru "Ọ ga-akara m mma iri ntutu isi m karịa ịzụ ahịa abụọ a [Constantine na Woodall] ọzọ". A họpụtara ihe ngosi ahụ maka onyinye onyinye na BAFTAS na 2002 na 2003. Na ihe ngosi ''Big Impression'', onye na-eche echiche bụ Ronni Ancona weere usoro ihe ngosi Constantine na-egosi ''ihe na-agaghị eyi'' . Maka ọrụ ebere, na 2002 n'oge mmemme BBC's ''Children in Need'', ma Constantine na Woodall rụrụ ụdị nke ha nke [[Madonna]] 's hit single " Vogue ". Ha ghọrọ ihu Nescafé na 2003 wee gosipụta na mgbasa ozi telivishọn na-akwalite ụdị kọfị. Dị ka akụkụ nke nkwekọrịta ha, Constantine na Woodall nyere onye meriri asọmpi Nescafé £ 10,000. === 2004–05 === N'ịgbaso ọganiihu ọkwa ya, ''Ihe agaghị eyi'' bụ ebuliri site na BBC Abụọ gaa na BBC Otu na 2004. A gbanwere usoro ahụ ntakịrị, gaa na ihe ngosi 60 nkeji na-eme mgbanwe abụọ kama ịme ihe ngosi 30 nkeji na-enwe nanị otu mgbanwe ma hụkwa na Constantine na-emefu otu ụbọchị dị ka otu n'ime isiokwu ya. A na-agbasakwa ''ihe na-agaghị eyi'' na mba ndị dị ka Spain na Portugal nakwa na [[Amerikas|kọntinent America]] . Constantine pụtara na ''Children in Need'' na 2004, nke gụnyere akụkụ pụrụ iche nke o nyere ndị akụkọ ifo ''EastEnders'' obere Mo na Mo Harris mgbanwe n'ụdị nke ''Ihe Na-agaghị eyi'', na-ekwu banyere ha na ụzọ ya na-emebu "enweghị nzuzu". Na 2005, Constantine kwupụtara ụdị robot nke onwe ya na usoro akụkọ sayensị, ''Dọkịta Onye'' . ''Ihe ngosi Oprah Winfrey'' ahụwokwa Constantine na Woodall na-apụta ugboro abụọ dị ka ndị na-eme mgbanwe na ndị ọkachamara ụdị. Ha mekwara "Oprah bra na swimsuit intervention". N'ịtụgharị uche na ọdịiche dị na ụdị ụmụ nwanyị na ịdị njikere ido onwe ha n'okpuru ime mgbanwe n'etiti UK na America, o kwuru na ọ bụ ezie na ọ dịghị ihe dị iche iche, "Ndị America na-adịtụ ntakịrị ihe na-akpali akpali," nakwa na "ụmụ nwanyị America na-emeghe ka ha gbanwee na ntakịrị ndị na-anabata ihe." === 2006 - dị ugbu a === Na 2006, Constantine na Woodall si na BBC kwaga ITV ka ha malite ihe ngosi ọhụrụ, ''Trinny &amp;amp; Susannah Undress ...'' , na 3 October. Usoro nke abụọ nke ''Trinny & Susannah Undress ...'' bufere ya na June 2007, ma o debere usoro nke otu nke hụrụ Constantine na Woodall na-adụ ndị di na nwunye na-achọta nsogbu n'ime alụmdi na nwunye ha ndụmọdụ. Constantine kwuru na N'ajụjụ ọnụ a gbara na ịse ihe nkiri ahụ na-agbawa obi nke ukwuu, n'ihi ya, ọ na-alakarị n'ụlọ na-ebe ákwá. Usoro ihe omume ahụ abịaghị n'enweghị ndị nkatọ ya bụ ndị jụrụ ajụjụ omimi nke Constantine na Woodall nwere ike ịnagide okwu ndị siri ike e welitere n'oge mmemme ahụ. <ref name="therapists" /> Na 16 Ọktoba 2006, ha abụọ pụtara na NBC 's ''The Today Show'' wee mee ihe ndozi na ụmụ nwanyị atọ ọkachasị maka ihe ngosi. <ref>''[https://web.archive.org/web/20071109110641/http://video.msn.com/?mkt=en-us&fg=rss&vid=5dea75b0-f096-437f-8eb8-fe297eb3a45d&from=05 The Today Show] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071109110641/http://video.msn.com/?mkt=en-us&fg=rss&vid=5dea75b0-f096-437f-8eb8-fe297eb3a45d&from=05|date=9 November 2007}}'' – video.msn.com. Retrieved 4 November 2007.</ref> Usoro ọhụrụ na ITV hụrụ mgbanwe na usoro. N'otu ihe omume nke na-enyocha isiokwu afọ, Constantine ghọrọ onye dị afọ iri asaa na-eji ihe prosthetics na etemeete mee ihe. O kwuru na o were ya ụbọchị anọ iji chefuo anya onwe ya mere agadi nke ukwuu, ma jiri mmetụta ahụ tụnyere inwe "ụja ọkụ eletrik". E mere ndokwa ịgbasa ozi maka 7 Nọvemba 2007 na usoro ihe omume a bụ aha ọhụrụ ''Trinny &amp;amp; Susannah Undress The Nation'' . Na 5 Nọvemba na 28 Disemba 2007 Constantine na Woodall pụtara na ''Good Morning America'' wee mee mgbanwe na ụmụ nwanyị atọ maka ihe ngosi ahụ wee nye ndụmọdụ ụdị dị ka ụdị ụmụ nwanyị si dị. Ha kọkwara banyere ejiji na 80th Academy Awards karịsịa maka ihe ngosi na 2008. Constantine na Woodall ejirila ejiji karịa ụmụ nwanyị 5,000 dịka nke 2007. <ref>Editors at MSN. ''[https://web.archive.org/web/20080103004818/http://style.uk.msn.com/fashionandbeauty/celebritychic/article.aspx?cp-documentid=6240055 Trinny and Susannah reveal all] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071103000236/http://style.uk.msn.com/fashionandbeauty/celebritychic/article.aspx?cp-documentid=6240055|date=3 November 2007}}'' – style.uk.msn.com. Retrieved 6 October 2007.</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="width:65%;" !Afọ ! style="width:40%;" | Mmemme ! Ihe ndetu ndị ọzọ |- | 2001-2005 | ''Ihe na-agaghị eyi'' | Onye ngosi |- | 2005 | ''Dọkịta Onye'' | Ihe nkiri " Bajo Wolf ", olu Zu-Zana |- | 2006-2007 | ''Trinny &amp;amp; Susannah Yipụ'' | rowspan="5" | Onye ngosi |- | 2007 | ''Trinny &amp;amp; Susannah yipụsịa Nation'' |- | 2009 | ''Na-eme ka America'' |- | 2010 | ''Trinny & Susannah: Missie Vlaanderen'' |- | 2011 | ''Trinny & Susannah: Na-eme Israel'' |- | 2015 | ''A bụ m onye ama ama...'' ''Wepụ m n'ebe a!'' | Onye asọmpi ( usoro 15 ) |- | 2018 | ''Kpamkpam bịa na-agba egwu'' | Onye asọmpi ( usoro 16 ) |- | 2020 | ''[[How's Your Head Hun?|Kedu ka isi Hun mere?]]'' | Ọdịdị ọbịa |} == Hụkwa == * Ndepụta nke == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} * [http://www.trinnyandsusannah.com/ Weebụsaịtị Trinny na Susannah] Archived * Susannah Constantine * [https://web.archive.org/web/20061017012536/http://www.itv.com/page.asp?partid=6606 ''Trinny & Susannah Yipu uwe''] na itv.com * [https://web.archive.org/web/20250323103355/http://www.trinnyandsusannahwhattheydidnext.com/ Trinny na Susannah: Ihe Ha Mere Ọzọ] [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Otú:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 7ngki7yzqlln0rbjm908mpszp244vom 0 59507 644139 205260 2026-05-30T17:35:16Z Adimora chidinma 15845 Fixed reference error 644139 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Samuel Nii Ayi Mankattah bụ onye agha ndị Ghana na onye omeiwu mpaghara Odododiodio .  A mgbaàmà ya ka ọ bụrụ onye omeiwu n'oge mbụ aka onye isi ala na nke ndị omeiwu nke afọ 2004 mgbe onye NDC na-azọ ọkwa onye omeiwu, Nii Lante Vanderpuije, achọta mgbe nchọpụta ndebanye aha aka nchekwa.  Oche ndị omeiwu ihe ihe efu mgbe ọ nwụsịrị na 2005. <ref name="iiii">{{Cite web|title=Parliamentary Results Odododiodoo (Greater Accra Region)|url=http://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/election2008/parliament.constituency.php?ID=222|publisher=ghanaweb.com|accessdate=9 April 2013}}</ref><ref name="NDC">{{Cite web|title=NDC Wins Odododiodio|url=http://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/artikel.php?ID=89159|publisher=ghanaweb.com|accessdate=9 April 2013}}</ref> == Ọrụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị == Mankattah nọrọ ihe dị ka ọnwa isii na ndị omeiwu site na Jenụwarị ruo Julaị 2005. N'afọ 2004, ọ meri onye omeiwu New Patriotic Party, Reginald Nii Bi Ayibonte.<ref name="NII">{{Cite web|url=http://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/election2004/parliament.constituency.php?ID=15|publisher=ghanaweb.com|accessdate=9 April 2013|title=Parliamentary Results Odododiodioo (Greater Accra Region)}}</ref><ref name="LOST">{{Cite web|title=Elections 2004|url=http://library.fes.de/pdf-files/bueros/ghana/03610.pdf|publisher=ibrary.fes.de|accessdate=9 April 2013}}</ref> == Nhọrọ == N'afọ 2004, ọ gbara ọsọ maka oche ndị omeiwu Odododio ọzọ.[1][2]  Akwụkwọ na tiketi nke National Democratic Congress.  mgbaàmà ya bụ nke oche ndị omeiwu iri na otu n'ime oche iri abụọ na asaa nke National Democratic Congress meri na mbụ aka ahụ maka Greater Accra Region.[1][2]  National Democratic Congress ọnụ ọgụgụ dị nta nke oche ndị omeiwu 94 n'ime oche 230. [3] A mgbaàmà ya na vootu 35, 634 n'ime vootu 67,994 zuru oke.[1][2]  Nke a bụ ihe ruru 52.4% nke nkata vootu ziri ezi.[1][2]  A na-ahụ anya Reginald Nii Bi Ayi-Bonte nke New Patriotic Party na Isaac Nii Annan M Offei nke Convention People's Party .  [1].  [1] [2] Ndị a bụ 46.4% na 1.2% n'otu n'otu nke ihe ndekọ vootu ziri ezi.  [1].. <ref name=":0" /> == Ndụ onwe onye == Mankattah bụ Onye Kraịst.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|title=Ghana Parliamentary Register, 2004-2008|publisher=The Office of Parliament|year=2004|location=Ghana}}<cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">''Ghana Parliamentary Register, 2004-2008''. Ghana: The Office of Parliament. 2004.</cite></ref> == Ọnwụ == Mankattah nwụrụ na 5 Julaị 2005. <ref name=":0">{{Cite book|title=Ghana Parliamentary Register, 2004-2008|publisher=The Office of Parliament|year=2004|location=Ghana}}<cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">''Ghana Parliamentary Register, 2004-2008''. Ghana: The Office of Parliament. 2004.</cite></ref> == Edensibịa == {{Reflist}} hwb68xc0p8gegmrqb6kkpi5sxe4dz9r 0 59510 644137 210222 2026-05-30T17:34:20Z Adimora chidinma 15845 Fixed reference error 644137 wikitext text/x-wiki Samuel Koranteng Pipim ( ከውጭ na Disemba 10, 1957) bụ onye edemede Ghana, ọkà okwu, na ọka kpọrọ nke US.  Ann Arbor, Michigan, ebe, ruo 2011, ọ na-eje ozi na ụmụ akwụkwọ, ngalaba, na ndị ọrụ na Mahadum Michigan.  O dere ma soro dee ihe akwụkwọ akwụkwọ iri na abụọ.  Ɔ na-ekwu okwu gburugburu ụwa na mmemme maka ndụ, ụmụ akwụkwọ, na ndị na-eto eto.  O nyere aka mmegharị ma gbasaa na bọọdụ ndị ntụziaka maka mmepụta Generation of Youth for Christ (GYC), òtù na-eme ka ndị ọrịa Seventh-day Adventist dị na North America. Ɔ gbara arụkwaghịm na Mee 2011 ma ime ka a dụọ ya aka ná ntịka usoro ụka si dị.  ihe obodo ya chụpụrụ ya na June 15, 2011. [1] A ịchụpụ Pipim na nke ugboro abụọ na January 16, 2021, maka "ebubo nke ime ihe ike ike site na ọ na-ahọpụrụ Pipim na nke ugboro abụọ na January 16, 2021, maka "ebubo nke ime ihe ike ike site na ọ mụrụ ala ụmụ 10.". <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=http://www.ohioadventist.org/about/news/pipim-press-release-01-18-2021|title=Seventh-day Adventist Church Removes Samuel Koranteng-Pipim from Membership in Ohio|accessdate=2021-01-19|archivedate=2021-01-19|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210119221246/http://www.ohioadventist.org/about/news/pipim-press-release-01-18-2021}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">. Archived from the original on 2021-01-19<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-01-19</span></span>.</cite><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment" data-ve-ignore="true"><code class="cs1-code"><nowiki>{{</nowiki>[[Templeeti:Cite web|cite web]]<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown ([[:Category:CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown|link]])</span> [[Category:CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown]]</ref> == Akụkọ ndụ == Pipim na Ghana, West Africa.  [1] O nwera akara ugo chọrọ na injinia na idu ndú na, Kumasi, Ghana, ebe o mechara ọrụ dị ka onye enyemaka na nkuzi.[2]    Ebe ọ bụ na ọ bụ onye ndú n'òtù na-ahụ nke ego, nke na- echeta, Pipim mechara bụrụ onye Seventh-day Adventist.  Mgbe ọ nabatara oku maka ozioma, ọ bụ ọrụ na akwụkwọ Central Ghana dị ka onye nhazi nke Campus Ministries.    [citation need] O mechara gaa United States iji chụsoo ajụjụ ozi na Mahadum Andrews ebe na 1998 ọ natara PhD na nkà ọgwụ, na-eji ikike Bible, chọrọ na ecclesiology.[3][4]  Akwụkwọ edemede doctoral ya, The Role of the Holy Spirit in Biblical Interpretation: A Study in the Writings of James I. Packer, nọ n'okpuru akwụkwọ nke Raoul Dederen, na Clark H. Pinnock dị ka onye n'ahụ ndụ ndụ.. N'afọ 1998, onye isi ụka ya na Michigan họpụtara ya ka ọ duzie ngalaba ọhụrụ ya nke Public Campus Ministries iji gboo mkpa ime mmụọ nke ụmụ akwụkwọ na mahadum ndị na-abụghị nke okpukpe.   <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2011)">citation needed</span>]]''&#x5D;</sup> Kemgbe ahụ, echiche na nkà ihe ọmụma nke Pipim enweela mmetụta dị ukwuu na ụmụ akwụkwọ na ndị okenye na-eto eto n'ụwa niile. N'afọ ndị 1990, Pipim keere òkè na Signal Adventist ikike na oriri Bible, akara nke bịara bụrụ ihe a ma ama site na akara nke onye ọrịa Agba Ochie Alden Thompson's Inspiration: Hard Questions, Honest Answers (1991).  [1] N'ịghọta ọrụ a "dị ka ihe atụ nke usoro ihe mere eme," Pipim na ndị ọkà isii ndị ọzọ nke Adventist Theological Society nyere nzaghachi n'akwụkwọ ha Issues in Revelation and Inspiration. Otu akwụkwọ Evangelical, Reformation & Revival Journal, kọwara Pipim's Receiving the Word dị ka "mmeso Adventist na-akpali akpali nke na-ele anya na uru na ọghọm nke usoro dị iche iche nke ọmụmụ Bible. " 'Seeking a Sanctuary na-akọwa Pipim dị ka onye nkatọ na-eduga n'ihe ọ na-ewere dị ka "Adventism nwere nnwere onwe". N'otu ọrụ na "Adventist Views on Biblical and Prophetic Inspiration," onye ọrụ ibe Pipim kpebiri na "''Ịnweta Okwu ahụ''" bụ "otu n'ime ihe ịrịba ama kachasị emetụta na arụmụka ahụ" na otu n'ime "ihe abụọ na-emegiderịta onwe ha nke na-emetụta [d] mkparịta ụka nke oge a banyere mmụọ nsọ" n'oge ọkara nke abụọ nke afọ 1990. Na mgbakwunye na ịma usoro nke nnwere onwe dị nro aka, akwụkwọ Pipim rụkwara ọrụ iji mee ka nkwupụta nke ụka ya nke 1986 "Methods of Bible Study", nke "na-akpali ụmụ akwụkwọ Bible Adventist ka ha zere ịdabere n'iji ihe ndị a na-atụle na ihe ndị na-esite na ya metụtara usoro akụkọ ihe mere eme. " Ịnakwere Okwu ahụ kwukwara na ojiji nke nkatọ dị elu nke oge a (usoro nkatọ) na-emebi nkwenkwe na omume Adventist nke asaa.[ed]   <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2011)">citation needed</span>]]''&#x5D;</sup> Akwụkwọ ahụ kpatara mmeghachi omume dị ukwuu - ma maka ma megide. Ụfọdụ ndị na-emegide akwụkwọ ahụ, na-ajụ ya dị ka echiche "ndị isi". Otú ọ dị, ndị ọkà mmụta nabatara ọnọdụ akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ụka ahụ kwadoro akwụkwọ ahụ. Pipim nyere aka n'akwụkwọ Bible Research Institute's Interpreting Scripture, nke e bipụtara na 2010, ọrụ nke gbalịrị inye azịza nye ajụjụ ndị a na-ajụkarị gbasara Bible. E wezụga CAMPUS (Center for Adventist Ministry to Public University Students) na Emmanuel Institute of Evangelism, ụlọ akwụkwọ mgbasa ozi nke Michigan Conference, Pipim kụzikwaara ụmụ akwụkwọ debanyere aha na AFCOE (Amazing Facts Center of Evangelismo), ARISE (A Resource Institute for Soul-winning and Evangelism), na LIFE (Lay Institute for Evangelism) na-akwado ụlọ ọrụ ndị Adventist na-akwado.   <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2011)">citation needed</span>]]''&#x5D;</sup> Ndị ọzọ na-abụghị onyinye ya na mkparịta ụka Adventist banyere usoro Akwụkwọ Nsọ, Pipim etinyewokwa aka na ụfọdụ n'ime esemokwu kachasị na chọọchị ya.  Dị ka ihe atụ, Pipim nyere aka n'akwụkwọ bụ Prove All Things (2000), ntụle dị oke mkpa nke Women in Ministry, akwụkwọ nke ndị ọkà mmụta na Mahadum Andrews dị ka Gerard Damsteegt dere.[2]  O sonyeere na mkparịta ụka okike-evolushọn nke ụka n'oge "Ogbako Okwukwe na Sayensị" na 2002 na 2004  gimmicks ozioma, ndị dike ekpere na omume ndị ọzọ na chọọchị.[3]  [kamma isi dị mkpa[4] [5]                   nyakwa site na nlebanya ya nke ụfọdụ akwụkwọ ọgụgụ na okwu mmalite ya ma ọ bụ nkwado ya nke ụfọdụ ndị odee ebipụtara, o kwupụtakwala echiche nke ya n'isiokwu ndị dị ka aja mgbaghara mmehie nke Kraịst, ite ime na agha.[6]  [7] [8] Pipim ekwuola okwu na ụka na nzukọ ụka, n'ụlọ akwụkwọ, ihe omume obodo na ebe ndị ọzọ.   Ọ pụtakwara na ọwa TV dị iche iche nke Ndị Kraịst gụnyere 3ABN, Hope Channel na Amazing Discoveries.   <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2011)">citation needed</span>]]''&#x5D;</sup> Pipim ekwuola okwu n'ọtụtụ Mahadum Africa na-enye usoro nkuzi, nke a na-akpọ usoro nkuzi "Gịnị mere", nke na-agụnye ya ịjụ usoro ajụjụ "Gịnị kpatara" iji gosipụta isi ihe ya. N'agbata afọ 1999 na afọ 2011 Pipim jere ozi dị ka onye nduzi nke CAMPUS (Center for Adventist Ministry to Public University Students), nkewa nke Michigan Conference Public Campus Ministries department. Ọ dị nso na Mahadum Michigan na Ann Arbor. CAMPUS bụ ngalaba nke Michigan Conference mụrụ, kwado ma duzie mmalite nke Generation of Youth for Christ, nke a maara mgbe ahụ dị ka General Youth Conference ma ọ bụ GYC. Pipim anọwokwa na-arụsi ọrụ ike n'ozi ndị ntorobịa nke Chọọchị Adventist n'akụkụ ndị ọzọ nke ụwa. Otu n'ime ụzọ o si mee nke a bụ site na nzukọ dị n'Africa, ALIVE (Africans Living In View of Eternity). ALIVE bụ nke CAMPUS na-akwado ma bụrụ otu na-ezube "ịgbanwe ihu Afrịka" site n'ịkpali "ndị na-eto eto na-etinye aka na obi ike ime ihe ndị nkịtị nke ọma". N'okwu onye ndú ALIVE, ndị otu ya na-azaghachi oku ahụ "ịduzi site na ụkpụrụ na nkwenye ... ịkwụsị idozi maka ọkara ma ghọọ onye nnọchi anya mgbanwe dị mma" === Ọgbọ nke Ndị Ntorobịa Maka Kraịst === N'ide banyere akụkọ ihe mere eme nke GYC, onye nduzi nkwukọrịta lara ezumike nká nke General Conference of the Seventh-day Adventists na-ekwu na ndị isi GYC nwere mmasị na Pipim's "can-eme, tell-it-like-it-is, traditional Adventism" na ya "'nke kachasị elu karịa nke kachasị elu" nkà ihe ọmụma: nke magburu onwe ya nke ọ kwadoro site na CAMPUS.<ref name=shirleyburtonreview>Shirley Burton, also a retired communication director of ASI, writes this in the ''Inside ASI'' magazine, the official publication of the International ASI organization: “They were enrolled at some of the nation's most well known schools: Harvard, Brandeis, Wellesley, Brown, Princeton, Rutgers, Boston University, Eastern Michigan University, and the University of Michigan. All were Seventh-day Adventist youth trying to maintain their religious roots on secular campuses... All wanted something more from their religion than ‘anecdotes and entertainment.’ And then they heard about CAMPUS at the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor... The message of CAMPUS and its mentor Samuel Pipim reached these students. Dr. Pipim's challenge for spiritual and academic excellence fell on willing ears and hearts. Students liked his can-do, tell-it-like-it-is, traditional Adventism. Committed to Dr. Pipim's ‘higher than the highest’ philosophy of excellence, these scattered students began dreaming what they called the great experiment in 1999.” (Shirley Burton, “[http://www.asiministries.org/assets/1145 With Such An Army] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110927213431/http://www.asiministries.org/assets/1145 |date=2011-09-27 }},” ''Inside ASI Magazine'', Spring 2008, p. 14), accessed April 19, 2011.</ref> N'ike site na nkà mmụta okpukpe na echiche Pipim, "ndị a gbasara malitere nrọ ihe ọ kpọrọ nnukwu nnwale na 1999." <ref name="shirleyburtonreview" /> Otú ọ dị, ndị nkatọ hụrụ GYC dị ka ihe ọ bụla karịa ngosipụta ọzọ nke nzaghachi akụkọ ihe mere eme Adventism. Ruo mgbe ọ gbara arụkwaghịm n'afọ 2011, Pipim nọgidere na-arụ ọrụ dị ukwuu n'ịkpụzi ntụziaka nke ndị ntorobịa site n'ịnọdụ na bọọdụ ndị nduzi GYC na ịbụ onye na-eme ihe ngosi mgbe niile na mgbakọ GYC kwa afọ. N'oge mgbakọ nke afọ 2008, GYC kwuru na Pipim "mepụtara aha ọma maka ozi obi ike ya na mkpebi siri ike maka ikike kachasị elu nke Okwu Chineke". == Ịgba arụkwaghịm, ebubo ndina n'ike, ime baptizim ọzọ na ịchụpụ mmadụ == Na Mee 31, 2011, Pipim gbara arụkwaghịm n'ọrụ ya na Michigan Conference of Seventh-day Adventists ma kagbuo nhọpụta niile ọ na-ekwu okwu n'ihi ihe ọ kpọrọ "ọdịda omume" mgbe ọ na-aga mba ofesi.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Carpenter|first=Alexander|title=Samuel Koranteng–Pipim Cancels Speaking Appointments and Resigns from Michigan Conference|journal=Spectrum|date=May 31, 2011|url=http://spectrummagazine.org/blog/2011/05/31/samuel-koranteng%E2%80%93pipim-cancels-speaking-appointments-and-resigns-michigan-conference/|accessdate=June 19, 2011}}</ref> Onye a na-ekwu na ọ bụ nwanyị dị afọ 20, onye kwuru site n'aka onye ndụmọdụ ya na Pipim dinara ya n'ike. Onye ndụmọdụ ahụ bụ Jennifer Jill Schwirzer, onye na-agụ egwú na-edekọ egwu, onye edemede bipụtara, onye ndụmọdụ, na onye na-eme nzukọ ọmụmụ ihe.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.atoday.org/article/1221/news/june-headlines/pipim-sexual-abuse-victim-the-story-from-a-first-person-observer|title=Pipim Sexual Abuse Victim: The Story from a First-person Observer|accessdate=2012-06-13|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120611222648/http://www.atoday.org/article/1221/news/june-headlines/pipim-sexual-abuse-victim-the-story-from-a-first-person-observer|archivedate=2012-06-11}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Home|url=https://www.jenniferjill.net/|work=jenniferjill.}}</ref> N'ịzaghachi nkwupụta ndị a, Pipim kwadebere akwụkwọ akpọrọ, "A Answer to Everyone: A Response To False Accusations", nke o gosipụtara na Ann Arbour Seventh-day Adventist Church na Mee 29, 2012, tupu ọ gbasaa maka mbipụta sara mbara na June 3, 2012. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Samuel Pipim {{!}} Welcome to DrPipim.org|url=http://drpipim.org/|accessdate=2017-12-19|work=Drpipim.|language=en-gb}}</ref> E mere ndokwa ka e mee Pipim baptizim ọzọ n'ime Chọọchị Seventh-day Adventist n'ụwa niile na June 9, 2012, dị ka akụkụ nke Ann Arbor Seventh'Day Adventist Church. Otú ọ dị, a kagburu baptism ya ọzọ n'ihi mkpughe nke ozi gbasara "ọnọdụ omume" dị iche nke ya na nwunye ya nwere ruo afọ abụọ.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Pipim Rebaptism Canceled, Another Victim Identified|url=http://spectrummagazine.org/blog/2012/06/08/pipim-rebaptism-canceled-another-victim-identified|accessdate=2017-12-19|work=Spectrum Magazine|language=en}}</ref> Site na nkwenye na enweghị nkwenye nke ndị otu Seventh-day Adventist Church, e mechara mee Pipim baptizim ọzọ na June 20, 2014, na Columbus Ghanaian Seventh'day Adventist Chọọchị na Columbus, Ohio.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Samuel Koranteng-Pipim Re-baptized|language=en|work=Spectrum Magazine|url=http://spectrummagazine.org/article/alita-byrd/2014/06/26/samuel-koranteng-pipim-re-baptized|accessdate=2017-12-19}}</ref> Na Jenụwarị 16, 2021, Columbus Ghanaian Seventh-day Adventist Church vootu iwepụ Samuel Koranteng-Pipim n'òtù maka ebubo mmekọahụ. Nzukọ Ohio nke Seventh-Day Adventist wepụtara akwụkwọ ozi na Jenụwarị 18, 2021, nke na-ekwu: <ref name=":0"/><blockquote>Ụmụ nwanyị anọwo na-ebo Pipim ebubo na ọ na-enwe mmekọahụ ruo ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ afọ iri atọ. Pipim na-agọnahụ ọtụtụ ebubo, ma na-eme ka ndị ọzọ bụrụ ndị na-adịghị eme ihe na ndị kwekọrịtara na ha. Otú ọ dị, ebubo ndị ahụ na-egosi usoro mmegharị ime mmụọ na omume na-egbu egbu megide ndị kachasị ike, ndị na-enweghị ike ichebe onwe ha, na ndị na-erughị ike ịchọ ikpe maka ndina n'ike ma ọ bụ iyi egwu mmekọahụ. Karịsịa, n'ihi ozi ya zuru ụwa ọnụ dị ka ọkà okwu, onye nduzi ndị ntorobịa, na onye edemede. Nzukọ Ohio na-akwado ihe omume nke Jenụwarị 16, 2021 nke Columbus Ghanaian Seventh-day Adventist Church n'ihi na usoro ebubo ahụ mebiri ihe achọrọ maka iweghachi ndị otu dị ka akwụkwọ ntuziaka nke Seventh'day Adventist church, p 67. Nzukọ Ohio na-adọ ọha na eze aka ná ntị megide ịkpọ Pipim dị ka ọkà okwu, na-eji akwụkwọ ya ma ọ bụ ihe ndị ọ na-eji eme ihe, ma ọ bụ na-etinye ya n'ọnọdụ nke ikike ime mmụọ, idu ndú, ma ọ bụrụ mmetụta n'elu ndị ọzọ.</blockquote> == Edensibịa == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * {{Cite book|author=Koranteng-Pipim|first=Samuel|title=Receiving the Word|publisher=Berean Books|edition=online|year=1996|location=Berrien Springs, Michigan|pages=368|url=http://www.drpipim.org/receiving-the-word.pdf|isbn=1-890014-00-1}} * [http://campushope.com Ụzọ Ndị E Jiha] * Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ maka ndị Samuel Koranteng-Pipim Dr. Pipim Truth[https://web.archive.org/web/20140726143350/http://www.drpipimtruth.org/ Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ Dr. Pipim Truth] * Akụkọ sitere na [http://jewel.andrews.edu:82/search~S0/a?koranteng-pipim+samuel Koranteng-Pipim] dị ka edepụtara na Seventh-day Adventist Periodical Index (SDAPI) [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Otú:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 39uislyl5j3414th8s6kad65unywer2 0 59556 644175 205333 2026-05-30T18:24:39Z Chigozirim2005 19722 Fixed reference error 644175 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=Sherrie Silver|birth_date=1994|birth_place=[[Rwanda]]|nationality=British|occupation=Choreographer|notable_works=''[[This Is America (song)|This Is America]]'' (2018 music video) choreography|awards=[[MTV Video Music Award for Best Choreography]] (2018)|website={{url|https://www.sherriesilver.com/}}}} Sherrie Silver bụ onye na-agụ egwú Britain mụrụ na Rwanda onye choreographer vidiyo egwu maka egwu Childish Gambino 2018 This Is America. Choreography ya meriri MTV Video Music Award maka Best Choreography n'otu afọ ahụ. == Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ == A mụrụ Silver na 1994 nye nne Florence Silver, otu ọnwa ka e gbuchara nna ya na Mgbukpọ megide ndị Tutsi. Silver na nne ya kwagara London, England mgbe ọ dị afọ ise.[1] Ọ gara ụlọ akwụkwọ Stagecoach Theater Arts wee guzobe otu egwuregwu ụmụaka nke Destiny mgbe ọ dị afọ 11, tupu ya emee onye isi ala Rwanda Paul Kagame.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|date=2019-02-14|title=This is Sherrie Silver: How the celebrity choreographer behind the Grammy-winning This Is America made the jump to charity – and meeting the Pope|language=en-CA|work=The Globe and Mail|url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/world/article-childish-gambinos-rwandan-choreographer-sees-her-career-suddenly-take/|accessdate=2023-05-26}}</ref> Silver gụrụ azụmahịa na ahịa na mahadum. <ref name=":0" /> Silver choreographed egwu vidio maka egwu Childish Gambino bụ This Is America, nke meriri ihe nrite kachasị mma na 2018 MTV Video Music Awards.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Akande|first=Segun|date=2018-07-18|title=Sherrie Silver: The dancer behind Childish Gambino's 'This is America' video|url=https://www.cnn.com/2018/07/18/africa/rwanda-dancer-sherrie-silver/index.html|accessdate=2023-05-26|work=CNN|language=en|archivedate=2021-10-20|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211020175655/https://www.cnn.com/2018/07/18/africa/rwanda-dancer-sherrie-silver/index.html}}</ref> Silver pụtakwara na vidiyo egwu maka abụ ahụ. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Taylor|first=Trey|date=2018-05-08|title=How choreographer Sherrie Silver made a masterpiece out of Donald Glover’s “This Is America”|url=https://www.interviewmagazine.com/music/choreographer-sherrie-silver-made-masterpiece-donald-glovers-america|accessdate=2023-05-26|work=Interview Magazine|language=en-US|archivedate=2023-01-29|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230129062431/https://www.interviewmagazine.com/music/choreographer-sherrie-silver-made-masterpiece-donald-glovers-america}}</ref> Silver bụ onye na-akwado ndị ntorobịa United Nation's International Fund for Agricultural Development ma zute Popu Francis na 2019 dị ka akụkụ nke ọrụ ahụ. <ref name=":0" /> N'afọ 2023, Silver nyere onye isi nchịkwa World Health Organization Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus nkuzi ịgba egwú.<ref>{{Cite news|date=25 May 2023|title=WHO head learns to dance from MTV choreographer|work=BBC News|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/live/world-africa-65361201?ns_mchannel=social&ns_source=twitter&ns_campaign=bbc_live&ns_linkname=646f9dce3d616e0a28d06065%26WHO%20head%20learns%20to%20dance%20from%20MTV%20choreographer%262023-05-25T17%3A45%3A31.090Z&ns_fee=0&pinned_post_locator=urn:asset:b7706955-9975-4998-b1d8-8225f36f55c2&pinned_post_asset_id=646f9dce3d616e0a28d06065&pinned_post_type=share|accessdate=26 May 2023}}</ref> == Hụkwa == * Ndepụta nke ndị na-eme ihe nkiri == Edemsibia == [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] g4w0ro9kydsey4ktu99i8ffegs8a4fk 0 59576 644292 205356 2026-05-30T20:26:15Z Geraldine Kene 23189 Fixed reference error 644292 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=Yvonne Manzi Makolo|image=|image_size=|caption=|birth_date=|birth_place=[[DRCongo]]|death_date=|death_place=|alma_mater=[[McGill University]]|occupation=[[Information technology|IT Specialist]] & [[Business Executive]]|years_active=1993 — present|nationality=Rwandan|citizenship=Rwandan|known_for=Business, management|title=[[Chief executive officer]]<br/>[[Rwandair]]|spouse=}} Yvonne Manzi Makolo bụ ọkachamara IT nke Rwanda nke na-eje ozi dị ka onye isi ọrụ nke Rwanda Air, ụgbọ elu mba Rwanda. A họpụtara ya n'ọkwa ahụ na 6 Eprel 2018.[1] [2] Tupu nke ahụ, ọ bụ osote onye isi oche na ụlọ ọrụ ụgbọ elu, na-ahụ maka ihe gbasara ụlọ ọrụ, site na Eprel 2017 ruo Eprel 2018.. Na 5 June 2023, Yvonne Makolo, onye isi oche nke RwandaAir, weghaara ọfịs dịka onye isi oche nke Board of Governors of the International Air Transport Association (IATA). Ọ ghọrọ oche nke 81st nke IATA BoG na nwanyị mbụ na-arụ ọrụ a, mkpali n'ime atụmatụ zuru ụwa ọnụ nke akụkụ ahụ nke na-ebute nguzozi nwoke na nwanyị n'ime ụlọ ọrụ ụgbọ elu. Makolo nọchiri Mehmet Tevfik Nane, onye isi oche ụgbọ elu Pegasus nke Board. N'okwu ya, o kwuru na iduzi ụgbọ elu ndị nwere oke ibu n'Afrịka etinyela n'ime ya echiche pụrụ iche n'ihe ndị ụgbọ elu jikọtara ọnụ. == Mmalite na agụmakwụkwọ == A mụrụ ya na DRC. Na 1993, o ji aka ya kwaga Canada. Afọ iri ka nke ahụ gasịrị, na 2003 ọ laghachiri na Rwanda obodo ya. Ya na nwanne ya nwanyị tọrọ ya bụ nne nanị ya na-azụ ụmụ, nna Yvonne nwụrụ mgbe ụmụ nwanyị ahụ dị obere.[1] Nwanne ya nwanyị bụ ọnụ na-ekwuchitere gọọmentị Rwandan Yolande Makolo.[2] Makolo nwere ọzụzụ pụrụ iche na teknụzụ ozi wee rụọ ọrụ dị ka onye nrụpụta ngwanrọ, ma na Canada na Rwanda.[1] Yvonne Makolo nwere nzere BA Hons site na Mahadum McGill dị na Canada yana diploma diploma na teknụzụ ozi etinyere. == Ọrụ == N'afọ 2006, ọ sonyeere MTN Rwanda, onye na-enye ọrụ nkwukọrịta na mba ahụ. Ka oge na-aga, ọ rịgooro n'ọkwa onye isi ahịa (CMO) ma bụrụkwa onye isi ọrụ (CEO), n'otu oge ahụ.<ref name="Three" /> N'ọnwa Eprel 2017, mgbe ndị Cabinet nke Rwanda mere mgbanwe nchịkwa na Rwandair, a họpụtara Makolo ka ọ bụrụ osote onye isi oche, onye na-ahụ maka Corporate Affairs.<ref name="Two">{{Cite web|url=https://www.theeastafrican.co.ke/business/RwandAir-boss-dropped/2560-3879788-ermpsuz/index.html|title=RwandAir boss dropped|date=6 April 2016|accessdate=9 April 2018|first=Edmund|author=Kagire}}</ref> Otu afọ mgbe e mesịrị, na mgbanwe nchịkwa ọzọ na ụlọ ọrụ ụgbọ elu mba ahụ, a họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ onye isi nchịkwa na onye isi nchịkịta na Rwandair.<ref name="One">{{Cite web|url=http://www.newtimes.co.rw/rwanda/makolo-appointed-new-ceo-rwandair|title=Rwanda: Makolo Appointed New CEO of Rwandair|author=Times Reporter|accessdate=9 April 2018|date=6 April 2018}}</ref> N'ọnwa Nọvemba 2021, International Air Transport Association (IATA) gbara Makolo ajụjụ ọnụ. N'oge ajụjụ ọnụ ahụ, a jụrụ ya ihe ọ ga-ewe maka ụgbọ elu Afrịka iji mee ka ọ dịghachi ndụ. O kwenyere na gọọmentị ga-enye nkwado maka ụgbọelu. "Otú ọ dị, nke a anaghị egosi enyemaka ego mgbe niile".<ref name="SupportR">{{Cite web|work=[[The New Times (Rwanda)|The New Times]]|url=https://www.newtimes.co.rw/news/rwandair-boss-makes-case-single-african-aviation-market|title=RwandAir Boss Makes Case for Single African Aviation Market|date=4 November 2021|author=Edwin Ashimwe|accessdate=6 November 2021}}</ref> Makolo bụ oche nke 81 nke IATA BoG na nwanyị mbụ were ọrụ a. Ọ na-eje ozi na BoG kemgbe Nọvemba 2020. Ọ nọchiri Pegasus Airlines Onye isi oche nke Board Mehmet Tevfik Nane onye ga-anọgide na-eje ozi na BoG. Mgbe a jụrụ ya, ọ zaghachiri, "Enwere m nsọpụrụ ma nwee obi ụtọ ịrụ ọrụ a dị mkpa. IATA na-arụ ọrụ dị mkpa maka ụlọ ọrụ ụgbọ elu niile - nnukwu na obere, ụdị azụmaahịa dị iche iche, na n'akụkụ niile nke ụwa. Ịduzi ụlọ ọrụ ụgbọelu dị n'etiti n'Africa na-enye m echiche pụrụ iche banyere nsogbu ndị ụlọ ọrụ ụgbọ mmiri nwere otu. N'elu, na-eme ka nchekwa, mgbanwe na ụlọ ọrụ ụgbọ ala nke oge a na-ere ahịa, ma hụ na anyị nwere ike ịkwụ ụgwọ na-arụsi ọrụ na-arụkọ ọrụ na-eme nke ọma na-arụrịta ụka na-arụ n'aka na ndị na-arụ. == Ọrụ ndị ọzọ == Makolo bụ nne nke ụmụntakịrị.<ref name="Three">{{Cite web|accessdate=9 April 2018|url=http://www.newtimes.co.rw/section/read/203994|title=Women can do what men can and sometimes even better, says MTN’s Yvonne Makolo|date=29 September 2016|first=Nasra|author=Bishumba}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFBishumba2016">Bishumba, Nasra (29 September 2016). [http://www.newtimes.co.rw/section/read/203994 "Women can do what men can and sometimes even better, says MTN's Yvonne Makolo"]. ''[[The New Times (Rwanda)]]''. Kigali<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 April</span> 2018</span>.</cite></ref> == Onyinye na mmata == Na June 2022, International Hospitality Institute nabatara Makolo na Global 100 na Hospitality, ndepụta nke gosipụtara 100 Ndị Kasị Ike na Global Hospitality.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Mix|first=Pulse|date=2022-08-01|title=Dr Jeffrey Obomeghie and Dupe Olusola among the 100 most powerful people in global hospitality|url=https://www.pulse.ng/business/dr-jeffrey-obomeghie-and-dupe-olusola-among-the-100-most-powerful-people-in-global/3f8n19m|accessdate=2022-08-03|work=Pulse Nigeria|language=en}}</ref> == Hụkwa == * Njem na Rwanda * Ndepụta ọdụ ụgbọ elu na Rwanda == Edemsibia == [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 5igaxufslnyyjpk2jplxvfb62zoh0cf 0 59679 643990 205502 2026-05-30T13:10:00Z Chiziqa 13055 Fixed reference error 643990 wikitext text/x-wiki Bertha Peace Mabe (amụrụ 18 Septemba 1976) bụ onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị South Africa na-eje ozi dị ka onye otu National Assembly nke South Africa kemgbe February 2017, yana osote onye isi egwuregwu, nka na ọdịbendị kemgbe 3 July 2024. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ na Mgbakọ Mba site na Mee 2014 ruo August 2016. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye nnọchi anya National Council of Gaviute0 ruo August 2016. na Eprel 2014. Mabe bụ onye otu African National Congress na pati ahụ enweghị ihe ịga nke ọma n'afọ 2016 Mogale City ndoro-ndoro ochichi onye isi obodo. == Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ == A mụrụ Mabe na 18 Septemba 1976 na Magaliesburg, West Rand na mpaghara Transvaal mbụ.[1] Ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ na Mahadum Pretoria, ebe ọ nwetara nzere bachelọ na nzere nsọpụrụ na nchịkwa ọha.<ref name="PA" == Ọrụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị == Mabe bụ onye otu African National Congress. N'ịgbaso ntuli aka izugbe nke 2009, a họpụtara Mabe ka ọ bụrụ onye nnọchiteanya na-adịgide adịgide na National Council of Provinces si Gauteng.[1] A ṅụrụ iyi dị ka onye otu nzuko omeiwu na 7 May 2009. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ dịka onye isi oche nke Kọmitii Nhọrọ nke Ụlọ Omebe iwu na-ahụ maka ụmụ nwanyị, ụmụaka na ndị nwere nkwarụ.. <ref name="PA" /> Mgbe Ntuli aka nke afọ 2014 gasịrị, a ṅụrụ Mabe iyi dị ka onye otu National Assembly. <ref name="PA">{{Cite web|title=Ms Bertha Peace Mabe|url=https://www.pa.org.za/person/bertha-peace-mabe/|work=People's Assembly|accessdate=6 September 2020}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://www.pa.org.za/person/bertha-peace-mabe/ "Ms Bertha Peace Mabe"]. ''People's Assembly''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 September</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> ANC họọrọ ya dị ka onye ha ga-abụ onyeisi oche nke Kọmitii Portfolio na Nchịkwa Ọha. <ref>{{Cite news|title=Carrim heads to Parliament's finance committee|url=https://businesstech.co.za/news/government/60379/carrim-heads-to-parliaments-finance-committee/|accessdate=6 September 2020|work=BusinessTECH|date=12 June 2014}}</ref> A họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ onyeisi oche na 25 June 2014. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Election of Chairperson|url=https://pmg.org.za/committee-meeting/17176/|work=Parliamentary Monitoring Group|accessdate=6 September 2020}}</ref> N'ọnwa Juun afọ 2016, ANC họpụtara ya dị ka onye na-azọ ọkwa onye isi obodo maka Mogale City tupu Ntuli aka ime obodo nke afọ 2016. <ref>{{Cite news|title=WATCH: ANC introduces Gauteng mayoral candidates|url=https://www.enca.com/south-africa/live-video-anc-introduces-provincial-mayoral-candidates|accessdate=6 September 2020|work=eNCA|date=23 June 2019}}</ref> ANC tụfuru ihe ka ọtụtụ n'ime ha na kansụl ahụ ma Mabe meriri [[Lynn Pannall]] nke Democratic Alliance site na otu vootu na 18 Ọgọst. <ref>{{Cite news|author=ten Doeschate|first=Ghia|title=[WATCH] And the new Mayor of Mogale City is…|url=https://krugersdorpnews.co.za/305316/and-the-new-mayor-of-mogale-city-is/|accessdate=6 September 2020|work=Krugersdorp News|date=18 August 2016}}</ref> Ọ gbara arụkwaghịm dị ka onye kansụl na 23 Ọgọstụ.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Sanco believes the ANC will recover Mogale|url=https://krugersdorpnews.co.za/310664/sanco-believes-the-anc-will-recover-mogale/|accessdate=6 September 2020|work=Krugersdorp News|date=6 September 2020}}</ref> N'abalị iri atọ na otu n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ, ndị Economic Freedom Fighters meghere ikpe wayo megide Mabe, n'ihi na a ṅụrụ ya iyi dị ka onye kansụl n'agbanyeghị na ọ rụghị ọrụ dịka onye omeiwu, dịka iwu chọrọ.<ref>{{Cite news|title=EFF opens up case of fraud against Peace Mabe|url=https://www.sowetanlive.co.za/news/2016-09-01-eff-opens-up-case-of-fraud-against-peace-mabe/|accessdate=6 September 2020|date=1 September 2016}}</ref> Nzukọ omebe iwu mechara kwupụta na ọ kwụsịrị na 6 Ọgọst 2016, dịka ngalaba 47 (3) (a) nke Iwu. Mabe laghachiri na Nzukọ Ndị Omeiwu na 24 Febụwarị 2017. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://static.pmg.org.za/190320_NA_MEMBERS_ALPHABETIC.pdf|title=OFFICE-BEARERS OF THE NATIONAL ASSEMBLY MEMBERS OF THE NATIONAL ASSEMBLY|work=Parliamentary Monitoring Group|accessdate=6 September 2020|quote=Ms B P Mabe (ANC – GP) lost her membership in terms of section 47(3)(a) of the Constitution wef 6 August 2016. Replaced by Ms B P Mabe wef 24 February 2017.}}</ref> A họpụtara ya ọzọ na Mee 2019 ma na-eje ozi ugbu a dị ka onye isi oche nke Joint Standing Committee on the Financial Management of Parliament.<ref name="PA">{{Cite web|title=Ms Bertha Peace Mabe|url=https://www.pa.org.za/person/bertha-peace-mabe/|work=People's Assembly|accessdate=6 September 2020}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://www.pa.org.za/person/bertha-peace-mabe/ "Ms Bertha Peace Mabe"]. ''People's Assembly''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 September</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> == Edemsibia == [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] rmhp6egvgncrcsq56825q5jtjbgjf0i 0 59686 644349 213140 2026-05-30T21:50:30Z Iwuala chisom 17246 Added {{DEFAULTSORT}} 644349 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elizabeth Deane Rankin''' bụ onye nkuzi nka nke South Africa-New Zealand, ọ bụkwa prọfesọ emeritus na Mahadum nke Auckland, na-ahụ maka ndị na-ese ihe na South Africa, na obibi akwụkwọ na ihe ọkpụkpụ. == Ọrụ agụmakwụkwọ == Rankin gụsịrị akwụkwọ PhD nke akpọrọ Englishmen on the Acropolis: an historiography of the Parthenon, c. 1750-1850 na Mahadum nke Witwatersrand na 1978. Ọ bụ PhD mbụ na akụkọ nka nke mahadum nyere. A họpụtara Rankin dị ka Onye isi oche nke akụkọ ihe mere eme nke nka na Witwatersrand na 1982, ma mesịa jee ozi afọ atọ dị ka Dean of Arts.<ref name=":0" /> Rankin bụ onye isi oche nke South African Association of Art Historians malite na 1985.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Academic profile: Emeritus Professor Elizabeth Rankin|url=https://profiles.auckland.ac.nz/e-rankin/about|accessdate=2024-09-15|work=profiles.auckland.ac.nz}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://profiles.auckland.ac.nz/e-rankin/about "Academic profile: Emeritus Professor Elizabeth Rankin"]. ''profiles.auckland.ac.nz''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 September</span> 2024</span>.</cite></ref> Rankin sonyeere ngalaba nke Mahadum Auckland na 1998 dị ka prọfesọ nke akụkọ ihe mere eme nka. Ọ bụ onye isi ngalaba, na onye isi oche kọmitii ihe ngosi maka ụlọ akwụkwọ Gus Fisher nke mahadum.[1] Nchọpụta Rankin lekwasịrị anya na ndị nka South Africa na-eleghara anya, na ihe ọkpụkpụ na imepụta mbipụta.[2] Rankin bipụtara akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Rorke's Drift printmakers na Philippa Hobbs na 2003. Rankin edeela akụkọ ndụ nke onye na-ese ihe nkiri South Africa Peter Clarke, nke e bipụtara na 2012, yana ihe ngosi nlegharị anya na South African National Gallery na Cape Town, na mmekorita ya na Hobbs, na na Johannesburg.[3] Rankin edewokwa banyere onye na-ese foto Fiona Pardington, na onye na-ese ihe bụ Neil Pardington.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|title=The pressure of sunlight falling, Edited by Kriselle Baker and Elizabeth Rankin|url=https://www.otago.ac.nz/press/books/authors/elizabeth-rankin/fiona-pardington|accessdate=16 Sep 2024|work=Otago University Press}}</ref> Na 2012 Rankin bụ onye ọbịa ọbịa na Center for Advanced Studies na Ludwig-Maximilian University of Munich, ebe ya na Prof. Dr. Rolf Schneider na-arụ ọrụ na nhazi nke frieze nke ihe ncheta Voortrekker.[1] [2] Rankin lara ezumike nká na 2016 wee họpụta ya Prọfesọ Emeritus na Auckland.[3] Otu n'ime ụmụ akwụkwọ doctoral a ma ama bụ agụmakwụkwọ na onye edemede Ngarino Ellis. == Ọrụ ndị a họọrọ ==   === Akwụkwọ === * {{Cite book|author=Baker|first=Kriselle|title=Neil Pardington: The Order of Things|publisher=Baker + Douglas|year=2015}} * {{Cite book|title=Listening to distant thunder: The art of Peter Clarke|year=2014|publisher=Fernwood|author=Hobbs|first=Philippa|authorlink=Philippa Hobbs}} * {{Cite book|author=Rankin|first=Elizabeth|title=Fiona Pardington: the pressure of sunlight falling|publisher=Otago University Press|year=2011|editor=Baker}} * {{Cite book|author=Rankin|first=Elizabeth|title=Rorke's Drift: Empowering prints|publisher=Double Storey|year=2003}} * {{Cite book|title=Images of metal: Post-war sculptures and assemblages in South Africa|year=1994|publisher=Witwatersrand University Press|author=Rankin|first=Elizabeth}} * {{Cite book|title=Images of wood: Aspects of the history of sculpture in 20th-century South Africa|publisher=Johannesburg Art Gallery|year=1989|author=Rankin|first=Elizabeth}} * {{Cite book|author=Hobbs|first=Philippa|authorlink=Philippa Hobbs|year=1997|title=Printmaking in a Transforming South Africa|publisher=David Philip Publishers|isbn=0-86486334-9}} === Ọrụ ndị ọzọ === *   *   *   *   *   == Edensibịa == {{DEFAULTSORT:Rankin, Elizabeth}} [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] rimy88n2us2m0m89zx4ghxh4atn8i74 0 59701 644224 205551 2026-05-30T19:39:35Z Wikipedian12512(alt) 61413 ce 644224 wikitext text/x-wiki   Mpho Tshivhase bụ onye ọkà ihe ọmụma South Africa na-akụzi na Mahadum Pretoria. N'April 2018, Tshivhase ghọrọ nwanyị ojii mbụ nwetara PhD na nkà ihe ọmụma na South Africa niile. Tshivhase na-akụzi ụkpụrụ omume etinyere na nyocha ya lekwasịrị anya n'iche na ịdị n'otu. == Akụkọ ihe mere eme == Ọmụmụ agụmakwụkwọ Mpho Tshivhase malitere na Mahadum Johannesburg na akparamaagwa. Ka oge na-aga, na ọkwa gụsịrị akwụkwọ, Tshivhase banyere nkà ihe ọmụma nke ọma, ebe ọ gụchara nyocha nke Master's Tesis na njirimara onwe onye. <ref>{{Cite journal|date=July 1, 2018|title=Interview: Mpho Tshivhase|url=https://www.pressreader.com/south-africa/marie-claire-south-africa/20180701/283042645229977|journal=Marie Claire|pages=15}}</ref> Thaddeus Metz na-elekọta akwụkwọ akwụkwọ mmụta doctoral Tshivhase, nke isiokwu ya bụ "Towards a Normative Theory of Uniqueness of Persons." Dị ka nwanyị South Africa ojii mbụ nwetara PhD na nkà ihe ọmụma, e mere ememe Tshivhase na Independent Online kọwara ihe ọ rụpụtara dị ka "ịsụ ụzọ."<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.iol.co.za/pretoria-news/sas-pioneering-black-female-philosophy-phd-14875371|title=SA’s pioneering black female philosophy PhD {{!}} Pretoria News|work=www.iol.co.za|language=en|accessdate=2018-12-11}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://mg.co.za/article/2018-05-25-00-identity-by-race-does-matter/|title=Identity by race does matter|author=Mncube|first=Nompumelelo Zinhle Manzini, Zinhle|work=The M&G Online|language=en|accessdate=2018-12-11}}</ref> == Nnyocha == Ajụjụ bụ isi na nyocha Tshivase bụ ma ịdị iche bụ akụkụ nke mmepe onwe onye nke kwesịrị ịchụso na mmefu nke ihe ndị ọzọ. Nchegbu nchọpụta ya zuru oke na-achọ ịkọwa ihe pụrụ iche n'etiti ndị mmadụ bụ (ngwakọta ngwakọta nke ihe dị ụkọ, enweghị ike ịgbagha ya na enweghị atụ nke a na-ewu site na usoro nke na-agụnye nnwere onwe na izi ezi, kama àgwà e nyere) na otu ụmụ mmadụ si emetụta echiche nke ịdị iche.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.up.ac.za/philosophy/article/1909621/ms-mpho-tshivhase|title=Ms. Mpho Tshivhase|work=www.up.ac.za|accessdate=2018-12-11}}</ref> == Hụkwa == * Nkà ihe ọmụma Africa == Edemsibia == [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 1uvh34eror9tc402mh0ybcbrcwoq2do 0 59704 644366 205563 2026-05-30T22:08:26Z Sayvhior 13464 /* Tannhauser folk ballad */ fixed reference errors 644366 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faịlụ:Tannhäuser_en_el_Venusberg,_por_John_Collier.jpg|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb| ''Tannhäuser na Venusberg'' nke John Collier, 1901: ntọala ọla edo na-akpalite ihe osise quatrocento Italian.]] '''Venusberg''' (German; French ''Mont de Vénus'', "Ugwu Venus") bụ ebumnuche nke akụkọ ifo ndị Europe na-atụgharị n'akụkọ ifo na akụkọ dị iche iche kemgbe oge ikpeazụ . Ọ bụ ụdị dị iche iche nke akụkọ ifo nke "otu nwoke na-anwụ anwụ nke eze nwanyị na-agụ akụkọ rafuo na-eleta ụwa ọzọ " (dị ka ọ dị na Thomas the Rhymer ). Na akụkọ ifo German nke narị afọ nke 16, akụkọ ahụ na-ejikọta ya na onye na-egwupụta egwu Tannhäuser bụ onye na-achọsi ike ife chi nwanyị Venus ofufe. == Mmalite == ''Venusberg'' dị ka aha ụwa ọzọ ma ọ bụ ala ifo bụ nke mbụ a kpọtụrụ aha na German na ''Formicarius'' site Johannes Nider (1437/38) n'ihe gbasara mmasị na-arị elu na amoosu n'oge ahụ. The mbụ version nke akụkọ nke akụkọ ifo, a knight na-achọ mgbaghara n'ihi na ọ hụrụ chi na-ekpere arụsị n'ugwu enchanted, ma ịbụ onye popu jụrụ na-alaghachi n'ugwu, ọ bụ ezie na ọrụ ebube kpaliri popu izipu ozi mgbe ya na-akpọ ya azụ, na mbụ e dekọrọ n'ụdị a ballad site Provencal odee Antoine de la Sale (akụkụ nke ''La Sale'' 4). Na nsụgharị a, ikekwe dabere na mbụ Italian, "eze nwanyị nke fairies" aha ya bụ Sibylla kama Venus na ọ dịghị mkpakọrịta na Tannhäuser. == Tannhauser folk ballad == [[Faịlụ:Max_Tannhäuser.jpg|thumb| ''Tannhäuser'', eserese nke Gabriel von Max ( c. 1878 )]] Akụkọ nke La Sale's ballad na-ejikọta aha Tannhäuser na akụkọ akụkọ German nke mmalite narị afọ nke 16. A na-edekọ ballad German ''Tannhauser'' n'ọtụtụ nsụgharị malite na 1510, ma na German High German na obere German variants. A ka na-anakọta nsụgharị folklorist site na ọdịnala ọnụ na mmalite-na-etiti narị afọ nke 20, karịsịa na mpaghara Alpine (a na-anakọta ụdị Styrian nke nwere aha ''Waldhauser'' na 1924). Mbufe e dere n'oge n'ihe dị ka afọ 1520 bụ site na otu mpempe akwụkwọ a ma ama n'oge ahụ, yana ihe atụ mara site na Augsburg, Leipzig, Straubing, Vienna, na Wolfenbüttel. Ụdị mbụ dị ugbu a sitere na ''Jörg Dürnhofers Liederbuch'', nke Gutknecht nke Nuremberg bipụtara ihe dị ka 1515. Nke a ''Lied von dem Danheüser'' na-enyocha ndụ onye ama ama bụ Tannhauser, bụ onye nọrọ otu afọ n'ugwu ahụ na-efe Venus ma laghachi ebe ahụ mgbe o kwenyesiri ike na Pope Urban IV ajụla mgbaghara maka mmehie ya. Ụdị Nuremberg na-egosipụtakwa Venusberg na agbụ ugwu Hörselberg dị nso Eisenach na Thuringia,<ref name="Sabine">Baring-Gould, Sabine (1877). [https://archive.org/details/curiousmythsofmi00bariuoft/page/208 "The Mountain of Venus"]. ''Curious Myths of the Middle Ages''. London: Rivington's. p. 209. {{PD-notice}}</ref> n'agbanyeghị na nsụgharị ndị ọzọ na-akọwapụta ebe ndị ọzọ dị na mpaghara, dịka ọmụmaatụ na Swabia, na nso Waldsee. <ref name="Sabine" /> Ihe ewu ewu nke ballad na-aga n'ihu nke ọma na narị afọ nke 17. Heinrich Kornmann (1614) na Johannes Praetorius (1668) dekọrọ nsụgharị ya. == Nkọwa == A kọwawo akụkọ akụkọ ''Venusberg'' dị ka ụdị nke Christianized nke ụdị akụkọ akụkọ a ma ama nke mmadụ na-eleta ụwa ọzọ : mmadụ nke elf ma ọ bụ akụkọ ifo rafuo na-enweta obi ụtọ nke alaeze ahụ mara mma ma emesịa agụụ maka ebe obibi ya dị elu dị ukwuu. A na-enye ọchịchọ ya, ma ọ naghị enwe obi ụtọ (na-ekwukarị na ọtụtụ afọ agafewo n'ụwa n'oge ọ na-anọghị ya) na n'ikpeazụ laghachi azụ n'ala. == Oge a nnabata == A natara ballad ahụ na German Romanticism . Ludwig Tieck bipụtara akụkọ a na mkpokọta ''Romantische Dichtungen'' nke 1799. Ụdị Praetorius nke 1668 gụnyere na ''Des Knaben Wunderhorn'', nchịkọta uri ndị German nke Achim von Arnim na Clemens Brentano bipụtara na 1806. Agụnyere nchịkọta na mkpokọta ''Deutsche Sagen'' nke Brothers Grimm na 1816. Nkwagharị na-esote gụnyere Joseph Freiherr von Eichendorff 's novella ''Das Marmorbild'' ( ''The Marble Statue'', 1818), yana ọrụ Ludwig Bechstein (1835) na Ludwig Uhland ( ''Volkslieder'', 1844). Na Heinrich Heine 's laconic poem ''Tannhäuser: A Legend'' (1837), dike ahụ nọrọ afọ asaa n'ebe ahụ tupu ọ gawa Rom, mgbe Carl Borromäus von Miltitz ' akụkọ mkpirikpi " {{Lang|de|Die zwölf Nächte}} "( ' ) na-akọ akụkọ dị iche iche e debere na nnukwu ụlọ dị nso na Venusberg, nke dike na Venus na-alaghachi azụ otu ugboro n'afọ. Aubrey Beardsley malitere ide ọgwụgwọ mkparị nke akụkọ ifo nke na-agaghị agwụ agwụ n'ihi ntọghata ya na Katọlik, ịjụ ọrụ ya gara aga, na ọrịa na ọnwụ na-esote; e bipụtara akụkụ mbụ ya na ''The Savoy'' ma mesịa wepụta ya n'ụdị akwụkwọ nke Leonard Smithers nwere aha ''Under the Hill'' . N'afọ 1907, e bipụtara ihe odide mbụ ahụ ma kpọọ ya ''Akụkọ nke Venus na Tannhäuser'' . William Morris na-akọgharị akụkọ ahụ na "The Hill of Venus", akụkọ ikpeazụ nke uri ya 1868–1870 ''Paradaịs Ụwa'' . Guy Willoughby n'akwụkwọ ya ''bụ Art and Christhood: The Aesthetics of Oscar Wilde'' na-ekwusi ike na ndị ọrụ na-eto eto nke Eze ntorobịa ama ama na akụkọ ifo Oscar Wilde na-akpalite nke Tannhäuser. HG Wells 'Sleeper na-ekiri mmegharị na ''The Sleeper Awakes'' (1910). Ọ na-ezokwa aka na ya na obere akụkọ ya " Nwoke ahụ nwere ike ịrụ ọrụ ebube " (1898). John Heath-Stubbs dere uri na akụkọ a na-akpọ "Tannhauser's End" (Poems Collected page 294). Aleister Crowley dere egwuregwu akpọrọ ''Tannhauser'' nke sochiri agwa Tannhauser na Venus. Onye na-ede uri bekee Algernon Charles Swinburne 's "Laus Veneris" ("In Praise of Venus") bụ ịkọ akụkọ akụkọ Tannhauser na onye mbụ. Swinburne mekwara epigraph French ochie nke na-ekwu na ọ bụ isi mmalite ya. Anthony Powell kpọrọ akwụkwọ akụkọ mbụ nke <nowiki><i id="mwjw">Venusberg</i></nowiki> ya. Onye ọbịa ọzọ bụ Thomas the Rhymer (Thomas Ercildoune, c. 1220–1297). Ihe nkiri Tannhauser Gate motif nke ihe nkiri ( ''Blade Runner'', 1982) na akụkọ ifo cyberpunk malitere dị ka ntụnye aka n'ụzọ ndị knight jiri chọpụta ma gaa ebe a chere na ọ bụ ihe egwu egwu kacha. Ihe omume "Castle Anthrax" na ''Monty Python na Holy Grail'' (1975) dabere na akụkọ ifo Venusberg. Onye ode akwụkwọ Philip José Farmer zoro aka na Tannhäuser na Venusberg na akụkọ akụkọ sayensị 1967 ''Riders of the Purple Wage'' . Atụmatụ akụkọ Neil Gaiman " N'ebe ọ bụla " na-egosipụta akụkọ akụkọ Tannhauser n'ụzọ sara mbara, dị ka usoro TV BBC ''Life on Mars'' si dị. == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} == Isi mmalite == * {{Cite web|url=http://www.victorianweb.org/authors/swinburne/laus.html|author=[[A. C. Swinburne]]|title=Laus Veneris|work=Victorian Web}} == Njikọ mpụga == {{Commons category|Venusberg}} * [https://www.allartclassic.com/pictures_zoom.php?p_number=853&p=&number=CLL002 Nyocha nke akụkọ ifo Venusberg na ihe osise Collier] {{German folklore}} [[Otú:Pages with unreviewed translations]] sk8d9s5bobrpwzepvvk7mag7xo5d9tb 0 59711 644249 209932 2026-05-30T19:48:42Z Wikipedian12512(alt) 61413 ce 644249 wikitext text/x-wiki  Orlando Aryee bụ onye nkwado ndị Ghana na onye na-eweta akwụkwọ ozi.  Ọ bụ ọrụ dị ka onye otu ndị omeiwu mamba nke mba nke anọ nke Ghana maka mpaghara Okaikwei South na mpaghara Greater Accra nke Ghana.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|author=|first=|title=Ghana Parliamentary Register 1992-1996|publisher=|year=|isbn=|location=|pages=}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Ghana MPs - List of 2013 - 2017 (6th Parliament) MPs|url=http://www.ghanamps.com/mps-by-year-group/index.php?group=2463|accessdate=2021-02-07|work=GhanaMps.}}</ref> == Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ == A mụrụ Orlando Aryee na 8 June 1954. Ọ gara Ebenezer Secondary School ebe ọ nwetara GCE Ordinary Level. == Ọrụ == Orlando Aryee bụbu onye otu ndị omeiwu mbụ nke mba nke anọ nke Ghana maka mpaghara Okaikwei South na onye na-eweta akwụkwọ ozi. == ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị == A mgbaàmà Orlando Aryee na mbụ n'oge mbụ aka ndị omeiwu Ghana nke afọ 1992 dị ka onye otu ndị omeiwu mbụ nke mba nke a anọ nke Ghana na tiketi nke National Democratic Congress . <ref>{{Cite web|author=FM|first=Peace|title=Ghana Election 1992 Results - Okaikwei South Constituency|url=http://ghanaelections.peacefmonline.com/pages/1992/greateraccra/131/index.php|accessdate=2021-02-07|work=Ghana Elections - Peace FM}}</ref> Nana Akomea nke New Patriotic Party meri ya na 1996 na aka mbụ nke Ghana bụ onye meri Agbemor Yeboah Ernest nke National Democratic Congress, Ohene Georgina Ama Adumea nke Convention People's Party (CPP) Kwaku Owiredu nke People's National Congress (PNC) na Corley Clottey Benjamin nke Nationalist Congress Party (NCP) iji merie mpaghara5 O nakwei na mpaghara.  44.70% nke òkè. Ndị na-emegide ya nwetara vootu 22,928 na-anọchite anya e òkè; vootu 1,723 na-anọchi anya 2.20% nke òkè; votu 1,474 na-anọchitere 1.90% nke òkè na vootu 1,066 na-anọci anya 1.30% nke òkè. <ref>{{Cite web|author=FM|first=Peace|title=Ghana Election 1996 Results - Okaikwei South Constituency|url=http://ghanaelections.peacefmonline.com/pages/1996/greateraccra/131/index.php|accessdate=2021-02-07|work=Ghana Elections - Peace FM}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|author=|first=|date=|title=MP|url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/republic/members_parliament.php|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200621050058/https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/republic/members_parliament.php|archivedate=2020-06-21|accessdate=|work=GhanaWeb}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EyUmAQAAMAAJ&q=Orlando+Aryee|title=1992 Parliamentary Nominations: All Regions Breakdown|date=1993|publisher=Google books|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|author=Ghana|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FCUmAQAAMAAJ&q=Orlando+Aryee|title=Parliamentary Election, Ghana, 29.12.92: Elected Parliamentarians|date=1992|publisher=Government Printer, South Africa|language=en}}</ref> == Ndụ onwe onye == == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}} [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] nlpa2il5lav2gpdi1ap6nc8quubat7d 0 59812 644101 205848 2026-05-30T15:54:36Z Geraldine Kene 23189 Fixed reference error 644101 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Dr. Zainab Asvat''' (amụrụ c. 1920 - 30 Nọvemba 2013) bụ onye na-akwado mgbochi ịkpa ókè agbụrụ na South Africa. A zụrụ Asvat dịka dọkịta ahụike, mana ọ na-eme ndọrọndọrọ ọchịchị ọtụtụ oge ndụ ya. Asvat bụ nwanyị [[Ndi áláküba|Alakụba]] mbụ ghọrọ dọkịta na [[South Africa]] . <ref name=":4">{{Cite journal|date=January 2014|title=Zainab Asvat, Doctor for the People, Passes On|url=https://issuu.com/muslimviews/docs/mv_2801_jan_2014/25|journal=Muslim Views|volume=28|issue=1|pages=25}}</ref> Di ya, Dr. Aziz Kazi bụ dọkịta na odeakwụkwọ nke Transvaal Indian Congress <ref name="Reddy">{{Cite web|first=E.S|date=29 March 2020|title=Biographical notes on Indians in South Africa compiled by E.S. Reddy {{!}} South African History Online|url=https://www.sahistory.org.za/archive/biographical-notes-indians-south-africa-compiled-es-reddy|author=Reddy|accessdate=2020-07-11|work=www.sahistory.org.za}}</ref> == Ndụ mmalite na agụmakwụkwọ == Asvat bụ otu n'ime ụmụ iri na otu nke Ebrahim na Fatima Asvat. <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.polity.org.za/article/when-hope-and-history-rhyme-amina-cachalias-autobiography-2013-03-27|title=When Hope and History Rhyme – Amina Cachalia's autobiography|work=Polity|accessdate=2017-11-15}}</ref> Nna Asvat kpọọrọ nwa ya nwanyị gaa nzukọ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị mgbe ọ bụ nwata na nke a nyeere ya aka ịmalite ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị n'oge. Ọ bụ nwa agbọghọ Muslim mbụ gara ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị na Transvaal Na 1940s. Ọ gụrụ ọgwụ na Mahadum Witwatersrand mgbe Yusuf Dadoo metụrụ ya n'ahụ onye si na ọmụmụ ahụike ya na Edinburgh lọta. <ref name=":0" /> == Ọrụ == N'afọ 1946, gọọmenti South Africa gafere iwu nke Asiatic Land Tenure na India Representation Act No. 28, nke a na-akpọkwa "Ghetto Act." Iwu a mere ka ọ bụrụ iwu na-akwadoghị maka ụmụ amaala India nke South Africa inwe ala ma e wezụga na "ebe ndị a napụrụ ahapụ." <ref name=":1">{{Cite book|author=Hassim|first=Shireen|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9aTsUA-9qXMC&q=%22zainab+asvat%22&pg=PA24|title=Women's Organizations and Democracy in South Africa: Contesting Authority|date=2006-06-26|publisher=Univ of Wisconsin Press|isbn=9780299213831|pages=24–25|language=en|authorlink=Shireen Hassim}}</ref> Asvat wepụrụ otu afọ nke afọ nke atọ nke ụlọ akwụkwọ, na 1946 ịga Durban ebe ọ bụ akụkụ nke Mgbasa Ozi Nguzogide Passive. <ref name=":0">{{Cite news|date=2011-02-17|title=Zainab Asvat|work=South African History Online|url=http://www.sahistory.org.za/people/zainab-asvat|accessdate=2017-11-15}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[http://www.sahistory.org.za/people/zainab-asvat "Zainab Asvat"]. </cite></ref> <ref name=":3">{{Cite news|url=http://0-www.lexisnexis.com.lib.utep.edu/hottopics/lnacademic/|title=An Iconic Stalwart and a Mother to All|author=Aboobaker|first=Shanti|date=3 February 2013|work=The Sunday Independent|accessdate=15 November 2017}}</ref> N'oge mkpọsa ahụ, ndị na-emegide onwe ha rụrụ ụlọ ntu n'akụkụ Umbilo Road na Gale Street na Durban na 13 June 1946. Otu a nwere ndị sonyere iri na asatọ, isii n'ime ha bụ ụmụ nwanyị: Zainab Asvat, Zohra Bhayat, Amina Pahad, Zubeida Patel nke Johannesburg, Lakshmi Govender, Veermah Pather nke Durban. Ndị isi nke nguzogide a bụ Monty Naicker, Onye isi oche nke Natal Indian Congress (NIC) na MD Naidoo, Secretary nke NIC. Nwanne ya nwanyị, Amina Cachalia, ya na ndị enyi ụlọ akwụkwọ ya bịara ka ha nwee obi ụtọ na abụ maka otu ahụ. Na 16 June 1946, e bibiri ụlọikwuu ha, zuru ohi na Asvat merụrụ ahụ mgbe otu ụlọikwuu dakwasịrị ya. <ref name=":0" /> A tiri mmadụ ise ihe n'amaghị ama site na mwakpo a. Zainab kwuru okwu na-agba ọkụ wee sị "Ndị hooligan ma ọ bụ enweghị ndị mmụọ ọjọọ, na-aga n'ihu anyị ga-emerịrị, na-aga n'ihu anyị ga-eme". Mwakpo ahụ mụbara nkwado maka nguzogide na ọtụtụ puku mmadụ na-abịa n'ụlọikwuu ahụ iji gosipụta ịdị n'otu ha. <ref name=":5">{{Cite book|author=Vahed G|url=https://www.sahistory.org.za/sites/default/files/muslim_portraits_goolam_vahed_0.pdf|title=Muslim portraits : the anti-apartheid struggle|publisher=Madiba Publishers|year=2014|isbn=978-1-874945-25-3|location=Durban, South Africa|pages=40–41|oclc=858966865}}</ref> E jidere ya obere oge na 28th, mana a tọhapụrụ ya n'abalị. <ref name=":0" /> Njide a nwere mmetụta na nwanne nwanyị nke Asvat nke obere, Amina Cachalia, bụ onye mechara ghọọ onye na-emegide ịkpa ókè agbụrụ. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Aboobaker|first=Shanti|date=3 February 2013|title=An iconic stalwart and a mother to all|url=https://www.iol.co.za/news/politics/an-iconic-stalwart-and-a-mother-to-all-1463230|accessdate=2020-07-12|work=www.iol.co.za|language=en}}</ref> N'echi ya ka ejidere ya, Asvat gwara nnọkọ ụmụ nwanyị 800 na Avalon Cinema, na-akpali ìgwè ahụ ịnọgide na-eguzogide. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Devi|first=Rajab|date=27 October 2017|title=From pots to politics: SA Indian women in the Struggle|url=https://www.iol.co.za/mercury/news/from-pots-to-politics-sa-indian-women-in-the-struggle-11704034|accessdate=2020-07-12|work=www.iol.co.za|language=en}}</ref> N'ọnwa Julaị, e jidere ya na ndị mmegide ndị ọzọ ma tụọ ya mkpọrọ ruo mmalite October. <ref name=":0" /> Mgbe a tọhapụrụ ya n'ụlọ mkpọrọ, Asvat, PK Naidoo na [[Suriakala Patel]] họpụtara na kọmitii TIC wee bụrụ otu n'ime ụmụ nwanyị mbụ a họpụtara na Kọmitii TIC. Asvat laghachiri n'ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụike ma ọ bụ na 1956 ka ọ malitere ọrụ ọzọ na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị. <ref name=":0">{{Cite news|date=2011-02-17|title=Zainab Asvat|work=South African History Online|url=http://www.sahistory.org.za/people/zainab-asvat|accessdate=2017-11-15}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[http://www.sahistory.org.za/people/zainab-asvat "Zainab Asvat"]. </cite></ref> Asvat, dị ka ọtụtụ ụmụ nwanyị India, sonyeere [[Njikọ nke ụmụ nwanyị South Africa|Federation of South Africa Women]] iji lụso ịkpa ókè agbụrụ na 1950s. <ref name=":1">{{Cite book|author=Hassim|first=Shireen|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9aTsUA-9qXMC&q=%22zainab+asvat%22&pg=PA24|title=Women's Organizations and Democracy in South Africa: Contesting Authority|date=2006-06-26|publisher=Univ of Wisconsin Press|isbn=9780299213831|pages=24–25|language=en|authorlink=Shireen Hassim}}<cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFHassim2006">[[Shireen Hassim|Hassim, Shireen]] (26 June 2006). </cite></ref> Ọ haziri "netwọọdụ nkwado" maka ezinụlọ nke ndị ọrụ 156 ndị e jidere na December 1956. Asvat nyekwara nri maka ndị na-akwado ebubo ebubo n'oge ikpe ha. <ref name=":5">{{Cite book|author=Vahed G|url=https://www.sahistory.org.za/sites/default/files/muslim_portraits_goolam_vahed_0.pdf|title=Muslim portraits : the anti-apartheid struggle|publisher=Madiba Publishers|year=2014|isbn=978-1-874945-25-3|location=Durban, South Africa|pages=40–41|oclc=858966865}}<cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFVahed_G2014">Vahed G (2014). </cite></ref> Asvat nwụrụ na London na 30 Nọvemba 2013. <ref name=":4">{{Cite journal|date=January 2014|title=Zainab Asvat, Doctor for the People, Passes On|url=https://issuu.com/muslimviews/docs/mv_2801_jan_2014/25|journal=Muslim Views|volume=28|issue=1|pages=25}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://issuu.com/muslimviews/docs/mv_2801_jan_2014/25 "Zainab Asvat, Doctor for the People, Passes On"]. </cite></ref> == Ntụaka == ha bụ ụmụ nwanyị: Zainab Asvat, Zohra Bhayat, Amina Pahad, Zubeida Patel nke Johannesburg, Lakshmi Gova họpụtara na Kọmitii TIC. Asvat laghachiri n'ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụike ma ọ bụ na 1956 kaender,{{Reflist|30em}} == Njikọ mpụga == * [http://www.sacp.org.za/docs/history/zainabasvat.html Ncheta onwe onye nke Zainab Asvat] 84jkbymu8g73yr76gu2fej1zze93uuo 644106 644101 2026-05-30T15:59:51Z Geraldine Kene 23189 Fixed reference error 644106 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Dr. Zainab Asvat''' (amụrụ c. 1920 - 30 Nọvemba 2013) bụ onye na-akwado mgbochi ịkpa ókè agbụrụ na South Africa. A zụrụ Asvat dịka dọkịta ahụike, mana ọ na-eme ndọrọndọrọ ọchịchị ọtụtụ oge ndụ ya. Asvat bụ nwanyị [[Ndi áláküba|Alakụba]] mbụ ghọrọ dọkịta na [[South Africa]] . <ref name=":4" />Di ya, Dr. Aziz Kazi bụ dọkịta na odeakwụkwọ nke Transvaal Indian Congress <ref name="Reddy">{{Cite web|first=E.S|date=29 March 2020|title=Biographical notes on Indians in South Africa compiled by E.S. Reddy {{!}} South African History Online|url=https://www.sahistory.org.za/archive/biographical-notes-indians-south-africa-compiled-es-reddy|author=Reddy|accessdate=2020-07-11|work=www.sahistory.org.za}}</ref> == Ndụ mmalite na agụmakwụkwọ == Asvat bụ otu n'ime ụmụ iri na otu nke Ebrahim na Fatima Asvat. <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.polity.org.za/article/when-hope-and-history-rhyme-amina-cachalias-autobiography-2013-03-27|title=When Hope and History Rhyme – Amina Cachalia's autobiography|work=Polity|accessdate=2017-11-15}}</ref> Nna Asvat kpọọrọ nwa ya nwanyị gaa nzukọ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị mgbe ọ bụ nwata na nke a nyeere ya aka ịmalite ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị n'oge. Ọ bụ nwa agbọghọ Muslim mbụ gara ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị na Transvaal Na 1940s. Ọ gụrụ ọgwụ na Mahadum Witwatersrand mgbe Yusuf Dadoo metụrụ ya n'ahụ onye si na ọmụmụ ahụike ya na Edinburgh lọta. <ref name=":0" /> == Ọrụ == N'afọ 1946, gọọmenti South Africa gafere iwu nke Asiatic Land Tenure na India Representation Act No. 28, nke a na-akpọkwa "Ghetto Act." Iwu a mere ka ọ bụrụ iwu na-akwadoghị maka ụmụ amaala India nke South Africa inwe ala ma e wezụga na "ebe ndị a napụrụ ahapụ." <ref name=":1" /> Asvat wepụrụ otu afọ nke afọ nke atọ nke ụlọ akwụkwọ, na 1946 ịga Durban ebe ọ bụ akụkụ nke Mgbasa Ozi Nguzogide Passive. <ref name=":0">{{Cite news|date=2011-02-17|title=Zainab Asvat|work=South African History Online|url=http://www.sahistory.org.za/people/zainab-asvat|accessdate=2017-11-15}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[http://www.sahistory.org.za/people/zainab-asvat "Zainab Asvat"]. </cite></ref> <ref name=":3">{{Cite news|url=http://0-www.lexisnexis.com.lib.utep.edu/hottopics/lnacademic/|title=An Iconic Stalwart and a Mother to All|author=Aboobaker|first=Shanti|date=3 February 2013|work=The Sunday Independent|accessdate=15 November 2017}}</ref> N'oge mkpọsa ahụ, ndị na-emegide onwe ha rụrụ ụlọ ntu n'akụkụ Umbilo Road na Gale Street na Durban na 13 June 1946. Otu a nwere ndị sonyere iri na asatọ, isii n'ime ha bụ ụmụ nwanyị: Zainab Asvat, Zohra Bhayat, Amina Pahad, Zubeida Patel nke Johannesburg, Lakshmi Govender, Veermah Pather nke Durban. Ndị isi nke nguzogide a bụ Monty Naicker, Onye isi oche nke Natal Indian Congress (NIC) na MD Naidoo, Secretary nke NIC. Nwanne ya nwanyị, Amina Cachalia, ya na ndị enyi ụlọ akwụkwọ ya bịara ka ha nwee obi ụtọ na abụ maka otu ahụ. Na 16 June 1946, e bibiri ụlọikwuu ha, zuru ohi na Asvat merụrụ ahụ mgbe otu ụlọikwuu dakwasịrị ya. <ref name=":0" /> A tiri mmadụ ise ihe n'amaghị ama site na mwakpo a. Zainab kwuru okwu na-agba ọkụ wee sị "Ndị hooligan ma ọ bụ enweghị ndị mmụọ ọjọọ, na-aga n'ihu anyị ga-emerịrị, na-aga n'ihu anyị ga-eme". Mwakpo ahụ mụbara nkwado maka nguzogide na ọtụtụ puku mmadụ na-abịa n'ụlọikwuu ahụ iji gosipụta ịdị n'otu ha. <ref name=":5" /> E jidere ya obere oge na 28th, mana a tọhapụrụ ya n'abalị. <ref name=":0" /> Njide a nwere mmetụta na nwanne nwanyị nke Asvat nke obere, Amina Cachalia, bụ onye mechara ghọọ onye na-emegide ịkpa ókè agbụrụ. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Aboobaker|first=Shanti|date=3 February 2013|title=An iconic stalwart and a mother to all|url=https://www.iol.co.za/news/politics/an-iconic-stalwart-and-a-mother-to-all-1463230|accessdate=2020-07-12|work=www.iol.co.za|language=en}}</ref> N'echi ya ka ejidere ya, Asvat gwara nnọkọ ụmụ nwanyị 800 na Avalon Cinema, na-akpali ìgwè ahụ ịnọgide na-eguzogide. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Devi|first=Rajab|date=27 October 2017|title=From pots to politics: SA Indian women in the Struggle|url=https://www.iol.co.za/mercury/news/from-pots-to-politics-sa-indian-women-in-the-struggle-11704034|accessdate=2020-07-12|work=www.iol.co.za|language=en}}</ref> N'ọnwa Julaị, e jidere ya na ndị mmegide ndị ọzọ ma tụọ ya mkpọrọ ruo mmalite October. <ref name=":0" /> Mgbe a tọhapụrụ ya n'ụlọ mkpọrọ, Asvat, PK Naidoo na [[Suriakala Patel]] họpụtara na kọmitii TIC wee bụrụ otu n'ime ụmụ nwanyị mbụ a họpụtara na Kọmitii TIC. Asvat laghachiri n'ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụike ma ọ bụ na 1956 ka ọ malitere ọrụ ọzọ na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị. <ref name=":0">{{Cite news|date=2011-02-17|title=Zainab Asvat|work=South African History Online|url=http://www.sahistory.org.za/people/zainab-asvat|accessdate=2017-11-15}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[http://www.sahistory.org.za/people/zainab-asvat "Zainab Asvat"]. </cite></ref> Asvat, dị ka ọtụtụ ụmụ nwanyị India, sonyeere [[Njikọ nke ụmụ nwanyị South Africa|Federation of South Africa Women]] iji lụso ịkpa ókè agbụrụ na 1950s. <ref name=":1">{{Cite book|author=Hassim|first=Shireen|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9aTsUA-9qXMC&q=%22zainab+asvat%22&pg=PA24|title=Women's Organizations and Democracy in South Africa: Contesting Authority|date=2006-06-26|publisher=Univ of Wisconsin Press|isbn=9780299213831|pages=24–25|language=en|authorlink=Shireen Hassim}}<cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFHassim2006">[[Shireen Hassim|Hassim, Shireen]] (26 June 2006). </cite></ref> Ọ haziri "netwọọdụ nkwado" maka ezinụlọ nke ndị ọrụ 156 ndị e jidere na December 1956. Asvat nyekwara nri maka ndị na-akwado ebubo ebubo n'oge ikpe ha. <ref name=":5">{{Cite book|author=Vahed G|url=https://www.sahistory.org.za/sites/default/files/muslim_portraits_goolam_vahed_0.pdf|title=Muslim portraits : the anti-apartheid struggle|publisher=Madiba Publishers|year=2014|isbn=978-1-874945-25-3|location=Durban, South Africa|pages=40–41|oclc=858966865}}<cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFVahed_G2014">Vahed G (2014). </cite></ref> Asvat nwụrụ na London na 30 Nọvemba 2013. <ref name=":4">{{Cite journal|date=January 2014|title=Zainab Asvat, Doctor for the People, Passes On|url=https://issuu.com/muslimviews/docs/mv_2801_jan_2014/25|journal=Muslim Views|volume=28|issue=1|pages=25}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://issuu.com/muslimviews/docs/mv_2801_jan_2014/25 "Zainab Asvat, Doctor for the People, Passes On"]. </cite></ref> == Ntụaka == ha bụ ụmụ nwanyị: Zainab Asvat, Zohra Bhayat, Amina Pahad, Zubeida Patel nke Johannesburg, Lakshmi Gova họpụtara na Kọmitii TIC. Asvat laghachiri n'ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụike ma ọ bụ na 1956 kaender,{{Reflist|30em}} == Njikọ mpụga == * [http://www.sacp.org.za/docs/history/zainabasvat.html Ncheta onwe onye nke Zainab Asvat] pvatqp8y7d7lf5f6uq54ugvoseu62j0 0 59845 644190 205920 2026-05-30T19:19:57Z Sylvaline39 15355 fixed reference error 644190 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faịlụ:Die_Masquerade_von_Orson_und_Valentin.jpg|thumb| Bipụta mgbe Pieter Bruegel bụ Okenye nke arụmọrụ dabere na ịhụnanya]] '''''Valentine na Orson''''' bụ ịhụnanya nke etinyere na okirikiri Carolingian . == Nkọwa okwu == Ọ bụ akụkọ banyere ụmụnne ejima, ndị a gbahapụrụ n'ọhịa mgbe ha ka dị obere. A na-etolite Valentine dị ka onye knight n'ogige Pepin, mgbe Orson na-etolite n'olulu anụ ọhịa bea ka ọ bụrụ onye ọhịa nke ọhịa, ruo mgbe Valentine chọtara, merie, ma zụọ ya. Ọ na-aghọ Valentine ohu na comrade. N'ụdị ụfọdụ, di na nwunye ahụ na-achọpụta akụkọ ha n'ezie site n'enyemaka nke isi mgbaasị . Ha abụọ mechara napụta nne ha Bellisant, nwanne Pepin na nwunye eze ukwu [[Greece|Gris]], bụ́ onye a napụrụ ya n'ụzọ na-ezighị ezi, n'aka otu dike aha ya bụ Ferragus . == Ụdị ụdị ọgbara ọhụrụ == Akụkọ a nwere ike dabere na mbido French furu efu, ebe Orson kọwara na mbụ dị ka "sans nom" ntụgharị "enweghị aha" nke. Onye French nke narị afọ nke 14 ''chanson de geste'', ''Valentin et Sansnom'' (ie ''Valentin na "Nameless"'' ) adịbeghị ndụ mana a sụgharịa / megharịa ya na German medieval dị ka ''Valentin und Namelos'' (ọkara mbụ nke narị afọ nke 15). Mkpụrụ ndụ akụkọ ahụ dabere na nzụlite Orson na anụ ọhịa, ma o doro anya na ọ bụ akụkọ ọdịnala, nwere njikọ aka arụrụ arụ na okirikiri Caroling. Akụkọ banyere nwunye ahụ n'ụzọ na-ezighị ezi ebubo nke e ji kechie ya bụ nke a na-ahụkarị, ma kọọrọ ya ndị nwunye ma nke Pippin na Charlemagne. Ọrụ ahụ nwere ọtụtụ ntụaka maka ndị ọzọ, ndị okenye, ọrụ, gụnyere: ''Floovant'', ''Ụmụ Anọ nke Aymon'', ''Lion de Bourges'', na ''Maugis d'Aigremont'' . Dị ka ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ihe nkiri ịhụnanya niile na-ewu ewu nke chivalry nke oge ahụ, French ''chanson de geste'' mere ka ọ bụrụ ịhụnanya prose na njedebe nke narị afọ nke 15; ọtụtụ nsụgharị sitere na narị afọ nke 16 dị adị; ụdị prose kacha ochie sitere na 1489 (nke Jacques Maillet bipụtara na [[Lyon]] ). <ref name="Tilly">Authur Tilly. ''Studies in the French Renaissance''. New York: Barnes & Noble, 1968, pp. 13, 14, 16, 17, 25.</ref> Ụdị asụsụ Bekee, ''The Historye of the Valyannte Brethren abụọ: Valentyne na Orson'', nke Henry Watson dere, nke William Copland bipụtara ihe dị ka afọ 1550, bụ nke mbụ amara na ogologo usoro nsụgharị Bekee - ụfọdụ n'ime ha gụnyere ihe atụ. Ọ bụ SR Littlwood kwadebere otu ụdị ihe atụ nke akụkọ ahụ, ya na ihe atụ nke Florence Anderson so ya mgbe e bipụtara ya na 1919. Ụdị Renaissance ndị ọzọ dị na ,tali, Spanish, Swedish, Dutch, German na Icelandic. Ọnụọgụ ntụgharị asụsụ na-egosi ọganihu Europe maka akụkọ ahụ. <ref name="Zink" /> Ọrụ nke François Rabelais nwere ọtụtụ nkwughachi na ihunanya ahụ. E gosipụtara ihe ngosi nke Valentine na "Urson" na London na Cheapside n'oge ntinye eze tupu Coronation nke Edward VI na 1547. A maara na Richard Hathwaye na Anthony Munday mepụtara ụdị ihe nkiri nke akụkọ ahụ na 1598. == Ụdị na mmegharị nke ọgbara ọhụrụ == Thomas Dibdin dere mmegharị na 1804 nke e mechara mee na Theatre Royal Covent Garden, Haymarket na Bath. Nancy Ekholm Burkert dere ma gosipụta ụdị akụkọ ahụ na 1989, bụ nke a na-akọ akụkọ ahụ site na oghere nke otu ndị egwuregwu na-eme njem (gụnyere ụmụnne abụọ) bụ ndị wetara akụkọ ahụ n'otu obodo dị na Flanders na Middle Ages. == Hụkwa == * Gilgamesh & Enkidu, na ''Epic nke Gilgamesh'' == Ihe ndetu == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * [https://play.google.com/store/books/details/Histoire_de_Valentin_et_Orson_très_hardis_très_nob?id=cKsWAAAAQAAJ Ụdị dijitalụ nke mbipụta 1842 (Deckherr) na French.] * [http://cf.hum.uva.nl/dsp/scriptamanent/bml/Valentyn_en_Oursson/Valentin_et_Orson.pdf Mbipụta dijitalụ (ụdị beta) nke French ''L'Histoire de Valentin et Orson'' ebipụtara na Troyes (sd) nke Yves Girardon, "Imprimeur & Marchand Libraire, demeurant en la Rue Nostre Dame"] p2xp2q7q930pkzejbjkfgq5cvitjkfa 644191 644190 2026-05-30T19:22:32Z Sylvaline39 15355 fixed reference error 644191 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faịlụ:Die_Masquerade_von_Orson_und_Valentin.jpg|thumb| Bipụta mgbe Pieter Bruegel bụ Okenye nke arụmọrụ dabere na ịhụnanya]] '''''Valentine na Orson''''' bụ ịhụnanya nke etinyere na okirikiri Carolingian . == Nkọwa okwu == Ọ bụ akụkọ banyere ụmụnne ejima, ndị a gbahapụrụ n'ọhịa mgbe ha ka dị obere. A na-etolite Valentine dị ka onye knight n'ogige Pepin, mgbe Orson na-etolite n'olulu anụ ọhịa bea ka ọ bụrụ onye ọhịa nke ọhịa, ruo mgbe Valentine chọtara, merie, ma zụọ ya. Ọ na-aghọ Valentine ohu na comrade. N'ụdị ụfọdụ, di na nwunye ahụ na-achọpụta akụkọ ha n'ezie site n'enyemaka nke isi mgbaasị . Ha abụọ mechara napụta nne ha Bellisant, nwanne Pepin na nwunye eze ukwu [[Greece|Gris]], bụ́ onye a napụrụ ya n'ụzọ na-ezighị ezi, n'aka otu dike aha ya bụ Ferragus . == Ụdị ụdị ọgbara ọhụrụ == Akụkọ a nwere ike dabere na mbido French furu efu, ebe Orson kọwara na mbụ dị ka "sans nom" ntụgharị "enweghị aha" nke. Onye French nke narị afọ nke 14 ''chanson de geste'', ''Valentin et Sansnom'' (ie ''Valentin na "Nameless"'' ) adịbeghị ndụ mana a sụgharịa / megharịa ya na German medieval dị ka ''Valentin und Namelos'' (ọkara mbụ nke narị afọ nke 15). Mkpụrụ ndụ akụkọ ahụ dabere na nzụlite Orson na anụ ọhịa, ma o doro anya na ọ bụ akụkọ ọdịnala, nwere njikọ aka arụrụ arụ na okirikiri Caroling. Akụkọ banyere nwunye ahụ n'ụzọ na-ezighị ezi ebubo nke e ji kechie ya bụ nke a na-ahụkarị, ma kọọrọ ya ndị nwunye ma nke Pippin na Charlemagne. Ọrụ ahụ nwere ọtụtụ ntụaka maka ndị ọzọ, ndị okenye, ọrụ, gụnyere: ''Floovant'', ''Ụmụ Anọ nke Aymon'', ''Lion de Bourges'', na ''Maugis d'Aigremont'' . Dị ka ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ihe nkiri ịhụnanya niile na-ewu ewu nke chivalry nke oge ahụ, French ''chanson de geste'' mere ka ọ bụrụ ịhụnanya prose na njedebe nke narị afọ nke 15; ọtụtụ nsụgharị sitere na narị afọ nke 16 dị adị; ụdị prose kacha ochie sitere na 1489 (nke Jacques Maillet bipụtara na [[Lyon]] ). <ref name="Tilly">Authur Tilly. ''Studies in the French Renaissance''. New York: Barnes & Noble, 1968, pp. 13, 14, 16, 17, 25.</ref> Ụdị asụsụ Bekee, ''The Historye of the Valyannte Brethren abụọ: Valentyne na Orson'', nke Henry Watson dere, nke William Copland bipụtara ihe dị ka afọ 1550, bụ nke mbụ amara na ogologo usoro nsụgharị Bekee - ụfọdụ n'ime ha gụnyere ihe atụ. Ọ bụ SR Littlwood kwadebere otu ụdị ihe atụ nke akụkọ ahụ, ya na ihe atụ nke Florence Anderson so ya mgbe e bipụtara ya na 1919. Ụdị Renaissance ndị ọzọ dị na ,tali, Spanish, Swedish, Dutch, German na Icelandic. Ọnụọgụ ntụgharị asụsụ na-egosi ọganihu Europe maka akụkọ ahụ. <ref name="Zink">{{in lang|fr}} Geneviève Hasenohr and Michel Zink, eds. ''Dictionnaire des lettres françaises: Le Moyen Age''. Collection: La Pochothèque. Paris: Fayard, 1992, p.1471. {{ISBN|2-2530-5662-6}}</ref> Ọrụ nke François Rabelais nwere ọtụtụ nkwughachi na ihunanya ahụ. E gosipụtara ihe ngosi nke Valentine na "Urson" na London na Cheapside n'oge ntinye eze tupu Coronation nke Edward VI na 1547. A maara na Richard Hathwaye na Anthony Munday mepụtara ụdị ihe nkiri nke akụkọ ahụ na 1598. == Ụdị na mmegharị nke ọgbara ọhụrụ == Thomas Dibdin dere mmegharị na 1804 nke e mechara mee na Theatre Royal Covent Garden, Haymarket na Bath. Nancy Ekholm Burkert dere ma gosipụta ụdị akụkọ ahụ na 1989, bụ nke a na-akọ akụkọ ahụ site na oghere nke otu ndị egwuregwu na-eme njem (gụnyere ụmụnne abụọ) bụ ndị wetara akụkọ ahụ n'otu obodo dị na Flanders na Middle Ages. == Hụkwa == * Gilgamesh & Enkidu, na ''Epic nke Gilgamesh'' == Ihe ndetu == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * [https://play.google.com/store/books/details/Histoire_de_Valentin_et_Orson_très_hardis_très_nob?id=cKsWAAAAQAAJ Ụdị dijitalụ nke mbipụta 1842 (Deckherr) na French.] * [http://cf.hum.uva.nl/dsp/scriptamanent/bml/Valentyn_en_Oursson/Valentin_et_Orson.pdf Mbipụta dijitalụ (ụdị beta) nke French ''L'Histoire de Valentin et Orson'' ebipụtara na Troyes (sd) nke Yves Girardon, "Imprimeur & Marchand Libraire, demeurant en la Rue Nostre Dame"] crfw3he30m1vlrgvg4dq78ajt0hv8b3 0 59927 644520 206113 2026-05-31T06:11:34Z Nachi kim 20090 Fixed reference error and added {{DEFAULTSORT}} 644520 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|website=}} '''Thandi Gloria Mpambo-Sibhukwana''' (nwụrụ 19 June 2020) bụ onye nkuzi na onye omebe iwu South Africa. Ọ bụ onye nnọchiteanya na-adịgide adịgide na National Council of Provinces site na 2014 ruo 2019 na onye otu National Assembly nke South Africa site na 2019 ruo mgbe ọ nwụrụ na 2020. Ọ bụ onye otu Democratic Alliance (DA) na onye so na Kọmitii Pọtụfoliyo na mmepe mmekọrịta ọha. == Ọrụ == Mpambo-Sibhukwana rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye nkuzi isiXhosa na Wynberg Girls' High School ruo 2010 mgbe ọ natara ọkwa na ọchịchị mpaghara Western Cape . <ref name="wynberg">{{Cite web|title=Hamba Kahle, Thandi Mpambo-Sibhukwana|url=https://www.wynghs.co.za/news/article/hamba-kahle-thandi-mpambo-sibhukwana|work=www.wynghs.co.za|accessdate=22 June 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200622123731/https://www.wynghs.co.za/news/article/hamba-kahle-thandi-mpambo-sibhukwana|archivedate=22 June 2020}}</ref> == Ọrụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị == Ọ sonyeere Democratic Alliance wee bụrụ onye otu National Council of Provinces, ụlọ omeiwu nke elu, na Mee 2014. Ọ bụ akụkụ nke ndị nnọchi anya mpaghara Western Cape . <ref>{{Cite web|title=Hansard: NCOP: Appointment of returning Officers; Election of Chairperson of National Council of Provinces|url=https://pmg.org.za/hansard/18536/|work=pmg.org.za|accessdate=22 June 2020}}</ref> A họpụtara Mpambo-Sibhukwana ka ọ bụrụ ụlọ omebe iwu nke ala, na Mee 2019. Onye isi ndị omeiwu DA Mmusi Maimane họpụtara osote onye minista na-ahụ maka mmepe mmekọrịta mmadụ na onyinyo ya, dịka e kenyere ya ije ozi na Kọmitii Pọtụfoliyo na mmepe mmekọrịta ọha. <ref>{{Cite news|author=Nkanjeni|first=Unathi|title=DA shadow cabinet: What you need to know|url=https://www.timeslive.co.za/politics/2019-06-06-da-shadow-cabinet-what-you-need-to-know/|accessdate=22 June 2020|work=TimesLIVE|date=6 June 2019}}</ref> Mpaghara ya bụ Drakenstein na Saldanha Bay site na 2014 ruo 2019. A họpụtara ya onye isi nke mpaghara Oostenberg South na 2019. <ref>{{Cite news|title=DA mourns death of MP Tandi Mpambo-Sibhukwana|url=https://www.timeslive.co.za/politics/2020-06-20-da-mourns-death-of-mp-tandi-mpambo-sibhukwana/|accessdate=22 June 2020|work=TimesLIVE|date=20 June 2020}}</ref> == Ọnwụ == Mpambo-Sibhukwana nwụrụ na 19 June 2020 na [[Cape Town|Cape Town site]] na COVID-19. <ref>{{Cite news|author=Breakfast|first=Siviwe|title=Parliament mourns passing of DA's Thandi Mpambo-Sibhukwana|url=https://www.thesouthafrican.com/news/parliament-mourns-passing-of-das-thandi-mpambo-sibhukwana/|accessdate=22 June 2020|work=The South African|date=20 June 2020}}</ref> Ọ nwụnahụrụ ụmụ ya nwaanyị abụọ. Democratic Alliance, Wynberg Girls High School na nzuko omeiwu niile wepụtara nkwupụta nke ha toro Mpambo-Sibhukwana. <ref name="wynberg"/> <ref>{{Cite news|title=DA, Parliament saddened at death of MP Tandi Mpambo-Sibhukwana|url=https://www.iol.co.za/news/politics/da-parliament-saddened-at-death-of-mp-tandi-mpambo-sibhukwana-49656574|accessdate=22 June 2020|work=IOL|date=20 June 2020}}</ref> == Hụkwa == * Ndepụta ndị otu National Assembly nke South Africa nwụrụ n'ọchịchị == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Mpambo-Sibhukana}} sbkr9nk4xqvmj555xy7v38mbbhu3xq0 0 59936 644055 206135 2026-05-30T14:37:55Z Geraldine Kene 23189 Fixed reference error 644055 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|honorific-prefix=|name=Zanele kaMagwaza-Msibi|native_name=|native_name_lang=|honorific-suffix=|image=Zanele KaMagwaza Msibi (NFP President) (cropped).jpg|imagesize=200px|alt=|caption=|office=[[Department of Science and Technology (South Africa)|Deputy Minister of Science and Technology]]|term_start=6 June 2014|term_end=25 May 2019|president=[[Jacob Zuma]]|successor=''Position dissolved''|minister=[[Mmamoloko Kubayi-Ngubane]]<br/>[[Naledi Pandor]]|predecessor=[[Michael Masutha]]|office1=Leader of the [[National Freedom Party]]|term_start1=25 January 2011|term_end1=6 September 2021|successor1=|predecessor1=''Position established''|office2=Member of the [[National Assembly of South Africa]]|term_start2=21 May 2014|term_end2=20 June 2019|successor2=|predecessor2=|birth_date={{Birth date|df=yes|1962|02|01}}|birth_place=Makhosini, [[Natal (province)|Natal]], [[South Africa]]|party=[[National Freedom Party]]|death_date={{death date and age|2021|9|6|1962|2|1|df=y}}|death_place=[[Durban]], [[KwaZulu-Natal]], [[South Africa]]}} '''Zanele kaMagwaza-Msibi''' (1 Febrụwarị 1962 &#x2013; 6 Septemba 2021) bụ onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị South Africa bụ onye osote onye isi ala Sayensị na teknụzụ nke South Africa n'ime ndị otu Jacob Zuma . Ọ bụkwa onye isi oche nke National Freedom Party (NFP). Tupu a họpụta ya na nzuko omeiwu, ọ rụrụ ọrụ afọ iri na itoolu dị ka onye kansụl, afọ iri na ise n'ime afọ ndị ahụ dị ka onye isi obodo nke mpaghara Zululand . <ref name="iol.co.za">{{Cite web|url=http://www.iol.co.za/news/politics/nfp-leader-to-quit-as-zululand-mayor-1.1688293#.U7HmcfldXdU|title=NFP leader to quit as Zululand mayor|author=Independent Newspapers Online|work=Independent Online}}</ref> Ọ bụbu onye isi oche nke Inkatha Freedom Party (IFP) na onye ga-azọ ọkwa IFP maka Premier KwaZulu-Natal na ntuli aka izugbe 2009 . <ref>{{Cite web|title=IFP's candidate for Premier of KwaZulu-Natal in 2009|url=https://twitter.com/sabcnews/status/1434789438127853568|accessdate=6 September 2021|work=Twitter|language=en}}</ref> Na 7 Mee 2014, otu ọhụrụ ya meriri ntuli aka izugbe South Africa 2014 site na ịnweta 288,742 (1.57%) nke votu mba. Nsonaazụ a tinyere NFP n'ọnọdụ nke ise, na-emeri oche 6 na National Assembly . <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.citypress.co.za/politics/nfp-leader-made-deputy-minister/|title=NFP leader made deputy minister - City Press|work=City Press|accessdate=5 June 2014|archivedate=7 June 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140607030054/http://www.citypress.co.za/politics/nfp-leader-made-deputy-minister/}}</ref> == Ndụ mmalite na agụmakwụkwọ == Amụrụ na ime obodo [[Makhosini]], Magwaza-Msibi bụ onye bụbu onye isi ụlọ akwụkwọ nwere nzere BA na Mahadum Zululand na diplọma (na agụmakwụkwọ ọzọ) na Mahadum Natal n'oge ahụ yana (na gọọmentị ime obodo) sitere na Mahadum Durban-Westville n'oge ahụ. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://bow2011.mg.co.za/profile/zanele-magwaza-msibi/|title=Zanele Magwaza-Msibi|work=Mail & Guardian|accessdate=1 July 2014|archivedate=2 July 2014|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20140702080939/http://bow2011.mg.co.za/profile/zanele-magwaza-msibi/}}</ref> == Ọrụ == N'ịbụ onye sonyeere Inkatha Freedom Party (IFP) mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na ụma na 1975, Magwaza-Msibi tolitere n'ime IFP. O jere ozi nke mbụ dị ka onye isi oche alaka ụlọ ọrụ na 1976. Mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, ọ sonyeere kọmitii onye isi nke ndị ntorobịa na Brigade ụmụ nwanyị afọ 13 ka e mesịrị (1988). Nke a sochiri ọnọdụ onye osote onye isi oche nke otu ndị ntorobịa (1998-2003) wee bụrụ onye odeakwụkwọ mba nke otu ndị inyom. Tupu nke a, ọ nọrọla ọtụtụ ọkwa nchịkwa dị elu na kansụl ime obodo na nke ime obodo, ma sorokwa na-ebute ụzọ n'ọtụtụ ọrụ obodo. N'afọ 1995, ọ bụ naanị ya bụ nwanyị nọ na bọọdụ ndị isi na Kansụl Transitional Local Council nke Nongoma. N'afọ sochiri (1996) ọ ghọrọ onye isi oche mpaghara mpaghara Emakhosini, nke gụnyere Ulundi na Babanango. A họpụtara ya onye isi obodo mbụ nke obodo Zululand na 2000 mgbe ntuli aka mbụ nke ime obodo na ọgbọ ọhụrụ. <ref name="witness.co.za">{{Cite web|url=http://www.witness.co.za/index.php?showcontent&global%5B_id%5D=36700|title=The Witness|work=witness.co.za}}</ref> N'afọ 2005, ọ meriri n'ọkwa IFP osote onye isi oche mba, [[Stanley Dladla]] meriri ya. Otú ọ dị, mgbe Onye isi oche mba, Ziba Jiyane, hapụrụ òtù ahụ iji guzobe National Democratic Convention, Magwaza-Msibi e tinyere n'ihu dị ka onye na-eme ntuli aka ma họpụta ya n'enweghị mmegide na 2006 mba ogbako. Dịka onye isi nke abụọ na IFP, a na-ewere ya dị ka onye nwere ike ịnọchite anya onye ndu pati Mangosuthu Buthelezi mgbe o kpebiri ịla n'ọkwa. <ref name="witness.co.za" /> === Mgbanwe otu na nhazi nke NFP === Mgbe nsonaazụ ọjọọ nke IFP na ntuli aka izugbe nke 2009, ndị otu pati malitere ịrụ ụka maka mgbanwe ọchịchị maka ntuli aka ọchịchị ime obodo 2011 na-abịa. Na onye isi otu pati Buthelezi na-ekwubu na 2005 na ọ gaghị achọ ịhọpụta ọzọ, agha ndị agha na-akwado ndị na-akwado Magwaza-Msibi (gụnyere ndị ntorobịa Brigade na SADESMO), ndị isi nche ochie na-akwado odeakwụkwọ ukwu Musa Zondi, na ndị nọ na National Council na-akwado Buthelezi ka ọ nọgide na-edu ndú iji chekwaa ịdị n'otu. <ref name="witness.co.za" />Mmekọrịta dị n'etiti Magwaza-Msibi na ndị isi IFP dara njọ mgbe ndị na-akwado ya malitere ịgbasa ya n'ihu ọha, ebe a chụpụrụ ụfọdụ na pati maka "ịgha nkewa" na pati ahụ. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.iafrica.com/sa/701019.html|title=iafrica.com IFP members break away|work=iAfrica.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.iol.co.za/news/politics/magwaza-msibi-goes-awol-1.690202#.U7HZ9fldXdU|title=Magwaza-Msibi goes AWOL|author=Independent Newspapers Online|work=Independent Online}}</ref> Magwaza-Msibi mechara hapụ Inkatha Freedom Party wee kwupụta nguzobe nke National Freedom Party na 25 Jenụwarị 2011 na Durban, na-ekwu na ọ nakweere nchụpụ ya na IFP mgbe "ihe karịrị afọ abụọ nke mwepu na mwepu". <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.thenewage.co.za/Detail.aspx?news_id%3D8738%26cat_id%3D1010|title=Magwaza-Msibi launches National Freedom Party &#124; the New Age Online|accessdate=1 July 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150204093045/http://www.thenewage.co.za/Detail.aspx?news_id=8738&cat_id=1010|archivedate=4 February 2015}}</ref> Onye ndu IFP Buthelezi, na nzaghachi, kọwara omume Magwaza-Msibi dị ka iguzobe otu ndọrọ ndọrọ nke dabere na "iwe na ọchịchọ" karịa echiche ma ọ bụ ụkpụrụ yana na ọ "gbalịsiri ike ịghọta otú ọ ga-esi mebie ụdị mmebi ahụ na nnọkọ oriri na ọṅụṅụ nke ọ sịrị na ọ hụrụ n'anya." <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ifp.org.za/Newsletters/110126wn.htm|title=Mangosuthu Buthelezi's Online Letter|work=ifp.org.za}}</ref> Ntuli aka mbụ nke otu National Freedom Party zọọrọ bụ ntuli aka ime obodo nke afọ 2011, ọnwa ole na ole ka otu ahụ tọchara. NFP nwetara ihe ịga nke ọma na KwaZulu-Natal na Magwaza-Msibi ghọrọ onye isi obodo nke Zululand District Municipality na-esote nkwekọrịta nkwekọrịta n'etiti NFP na ANC iji chịkọta obodo 19 na mpaghara ahụ. <ref name="mg.co.za">{{Cite web|url=http://mg.co.za/article/2014-06-05-nfp-leader-magwaza-msibi-appointed-to-cabinet/|title=NFP leader Magwaza-Msibi appointed to Cabinet|author=Andisiwe Makinana|work=The M&G Online|date=5 June 2014}}</ref> Following the National Freedom Party’s success in the 2014 general election, Magwaza-Msibi kpebiri ịgba arụkwaghịm dị ka Mayor nke Zululand District Municipality iji na-edu NFP na nzuko omeiwu. <ref name="iol.co.za" /> Na 25 Mee 2014, Onye isi ala Jacob Zuma gwara Magwaza-Msibi maka ebumnuche ya ịhọpụta ya dịka osote onye minista na-ahụ maka sayensị na teknụzụ. Ka ya na ndị isi otu pati gbasachara ndụmọdụ, ọ nakweere mana o kwuru ebumnuche ya ịnọrọ onwe ya ma nọgide na-eche echiche nke ya. Ndị otu DA na IFP kparịrị nhọpụta a dịka Magwaza-Msibi na-eresị ndị na-akwado ya. A ṅụrụ iyi na mgbede nke 6 June. <ref name="mg.co.za" /> E gbochiri NFP ka ọ ghara isonye na ntuli aka ime obodo 2016, n'ihi na otu ahụ anaghị akwụ ụgwọ ndebanye aha ya n'oge. <ref>{{Cite news|author=Khoza|first=Amanda|title=Local elections: Game over for NFP|url=https://www.news24.com/elections/news/local-elections-game-over-for-nfp-20160704|accessdate=22 March 2020|date=4 July 2016}}</ref> Nkwado pati ahụ belatara nke ukwuu na ntuli aka May 2019 . <ref>{{Cite news|title=NFP admits defeat, but 'humbled' by continued support|url=https://citizen.co.za/news/south-africa/elections/2128839/nfp-admits-defeat-but-humbled-by-continued-support/|accessdate=22 March 2020|date=9 May 2019}}</ref> A họpụtaghị Magwaza-Msibi n'ụlọ ọrụ gọọmentị mba wee gbaa arụkwaghịm na nzuko omeiwu na June 2019, n'ihi ebumnuche ya iwughachi pati ahụ. <ref>{{Cite news|title=NFP leader Zanele kaMagwaza-Msibi resigns from parliament|url=https://www.sowetanlive.co.za/news/south-africa/2019-06-21-nfp-leader-zanele-kamagwaza-msibi-resigns-from-parliament/|accessdate=22 March 2020|work=The Sowetan|date=21 June 2019}}</ref> == Ndụ onwe na ọnwụ == Ọ bụ nne onye na-eme ihe nkiri [[Gugu Gumede]] . <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.sowetanlive.co.za/entertainment/2017-11-24-gugu-gumede-not-just-magwaza-msibis-daughter/&grqid=PBBX9NNu&s=1&hl=en-ZA|title=Gugu Gumede not just Magwaza Msibis daughter|date=24 November 2017|accessdate=12 March 2020}}</ref> A kọrọ na ọ nwere ọrịa strok na 16 November 2014 wee kpọga ya n'ụlọ ọgwụ na ọnọdụ dị oke egwu. <ref name="n24_stroke">{{Cite web|url=http://www.news24.com/SouthAfrica/Politics/NFP-leader-suffered-stroke-report-20141119|title=NFP leader suffered stroke - report|publisher=News24|accessdate=19 November 2014}}</ref> Ọ lụrụ Mandla Msibi bụ onye nchịkọta akụkọ ojii mbụ maka akụkọ telivishọn n'okpuru SABC. Magwaza-Msibi nwụrụ site na njide obi obi metụtara COVID-19 n'ụlọ ọgwụ dị na Durban, South Africa na 6 Septemba 2021, mgbe ọ dị afọ 59. == Hụkwa == * Kọmịshọna Afrịka na-ahụ maka ikike mmadụ na ndị mmadụ * Iwu nke South Africa * Akụkọ ihe mere eme nke African National Congress * Ọchịchị na South Africa * Ọchịchị mpaghara South Africa == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} [[Otú:Pages with unreviewed translations]] jzrh6brx7ftfd7qpyxs6hvoa3696tiz 0 60105 644595 206342 2026-05-31T09:59:34Z ~2026-32314-82 62081 Fixed reference errors 644595 wikitext text/x-wiki Tabetha Kanengoni-Malinga (amụrụ 23 Ọgọst 1982) bụ nwanyị na-azụ ahịa na onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Zimbabwe. Ọ bụ Minister nke State na Office nke abụọ Vice-President Zimbabwe Phelekezela Mphoko si 2015 ruo 2018. Na mbụ, ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka osote Minister nke egwuregwu, Arts na Culture site 2013 ruo 2015. Ọ bụ onye nnọchiteanya nke Mazowe Central si 2013 ruo 2018. Ọ bụ onye so na mbụ na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nke ZANU 'ọrụ na ndị ntorobịa na ndị ntorobịa ZANU's. otu egwuregwu == Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ == A mụrụ Kanengoni-Malinga na 23 Ọgọstụ 1982. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pindula.co.zw/Tabetha_Kanengoni-Malinga|title=Tabetha Kanengoni-Malinga|author=|first=|date=2018-08-23|work=Pindula|language=en|archiveurl=|archivedate=|accessdate=2020-04-27}}</ref> Nna ya [[Elias Kanengoni]], onye nwụrụ na 2013, bụbu osote onye nduzi nke Central Intelligence Organization . <ref name=":1" /> Ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ O Levels na A Levels na Girls High School na Harare . <ref name=":1" /> Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ, ọ gara [[Njikọ̀taọ̀hà|United States]] n'oge na-adịghị anya na agụmakwụkwọ basketball.<ref name=":1" /> Ọ gbakwara bọọlụ maka otu egwuregwu basketball ụmụ nwanyị nke mba Zimbabwe.<ref name=":1" /> Ọ gara Mahadum Cape Town na South Africa, gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Bachelor of Social Science na Politics and Gender Studies . <ref name=":0" /> Ọ gụrụ nzere masta na njikwa atụmatụ na Mahadum Teknụzụ Chinhoyi, mechara gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Master of Science na International Relations na Mahadim Zimbabwe na 2016. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=https://www.sundaynews.co.zw/a-walk-through-the-life-of-a-young-political-couple/|title=A walk through the life of a young political couple|author=Tshuma|first=Lungile|date=2014-09-21|work=The Sunday News|language=en-GB|archiveurl=|archivedate=|accessdate=2020-04-27}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFTshuma2014">Tshuma, Lungile (21 September 2014). [https://www.sundaynews.co.zw/a-walk-through-the-life-of-a-young-political-couple/ "A walk through the life of a young political couple"]. ''The Sunday News''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 April</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://ir.uz.ac.zw/jspui/handle/10646/3554|title=The influence of culture on the implementation of the SADC protocol on gender 2008: A multi-case study on Namibia and Zimbabwe|author=Kanengoni-Malinga|first=Tabetha|date=May 2016|work=University of Zimbabwe|archiveurl=|archivedate=|accessdate=}}</ref> == Ọrụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị == Kanengoni-Malinga bu ụzọ banye na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Zimbabwe mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Mahadum Cape Town . <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://www.sundaymail.co.zw/malinga-the-wife-mother-politician|title=Malinga: The wife, mother, politician|author=|first=|date=2015-09-27|work=The Sunday Mail|language=en-US|archiveurl=|archivedate=|accessdate=2017-11-25}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://www.sundaymail.co.zw/malinga-the-wife-mother-politician "Malinga: The wife, mother, politician"]. ''The Sunday Mail''. 27 September 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 November</span> 2017</span>.</cite></ref> A họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ onye isi ndị ntorobịa nke ZANU-PF Provincial na Mashonaland Central Province n'afọ 2008, a họpụtakwara ya ka ọ bụ odeakwụkwọ maka okike na ọdịbendị maka ndị ntorobịa National Youth Executive nke pati ahụ n'afọ sochirinụ.<ref name=":0" /> A họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ osote odeakwụkwọ maka ahụike na nlekọta ụmụaka, nakwa na National Youth Executive . <ref name=":0" /> N'afọ 2014, ọ gbanwere site na Youth League gaa na Women's League, ebe ọ ghọrọ odeakwụkwọ maka mmekọrịta mba ọzọ n'okpuru [[Grace Mugabe]].<ref name=":0" /> Na ntuli aka nke afọ 2013, Kanengoni-Malinga gbara ọsọ dị ka onye ZANU-PF na-azọ ọkwa onye omebe iwu nke [[Mazowe Central]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://www.sundaymail.co.zw/malinga-the-wife-mother-politician|title=Malinga: The wife, mother, politician|author=|first=|date=2015-09-27|work=The Sunday Mail|language=en-US|archiveurl=|archivedate=|accessdate=2017-11-25}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://www.sundaymail.co.zw/malinga-the-wife-mother-politician "Malinga: The wife, mother, politician"]. ''The Sunday Mail''. 27 September 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 November</span> 2017</span>.</cite></ref> O ji vootu 10,823 (70%) merie Shepherd Mushonga nke MDC-T na Zivanayi Chiweshe nke MDC -N, bụ ndị nwetara vootu 3,998 na 656 n'otu.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=https://www.sundaynews.co.zw/a-walk-through-the-life-of-a-young-political-couple/|title=A walk through the life of a young political couple|author=Tshuma|first=Lungile|date=2014-09-21|work=The Sunday News|language=en-GB|archiveurl=|archivedate=|accessdate=2020-04-27}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFTshuma2014">Tshuma, Lungile (21 September 2014). [https://www.sundaynews.co.zw/a-walk-through-the-life-of-a-young-political-couple/ "A walk through the life of a young political couple"]. ''The Sunday News''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 April</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> Mgbe a họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ onye omeiwu, a gụnyere ya na kọmitii Onye isi ala Robert Mugabe dị ka osote minista nke egwuregwu, nka na ọdịbendị n'okpuru Minista Andrew Langa . <ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> E mepụtara ozi ahụ ọhụrụ, ọ bụbu ọrụ nke Ministrị Mmụta.<ref name=":1" /> Ọ dị afọ iri atọ na otu n'oge ahụ, na-eme ka ọ bụrụ otu n'ime ndị omeiwu na ndị kansụl kacha nta. <ref name=":0" /> <ref name=":1" /> Dị ka osote minista, a maara ya maka ịnakwere nrụrụ aka na Zimbabwe Football Association (ZIFA). <ref name=":0" /> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.southerneye.co.zw/2015/02/06/zifa-yet-respond-fifa/|title=Zifa yet to respond to Fifa - Southern Eye|work=www.southerneye.co.zw|language=en-US|accessdate=2017-11-25}}</ref> Ọ haziri kọmitii iji nyochaa nrụrụ aka n'ime ZIFA, nke kpughere enweghị nchịkwa na ohi ego site n'aka ndị isi otu ahụ.<ref name=":0" /> N'afọ 2015, a họpụtara Kanengoni-Malinga ka ọ bụrụ Minista nke steeti n'ọfịs nke Osote Onye isi ala nke Zimbabwe, e nyekwara ya osote onyeisiala nke abụọ Phelekezela Mphoko.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://www.sundaymail.co.zw/malinga-the-wife-mother-politician|title=Malinga: The wife, mother, politician|author=|first=|date=2015-09-27|work=The Sunday Mail|language=en-US|archiveurl=|archivedate=|accessdate=2017-11-25}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://www.sundaymail.co.zw/malinga-the-wife-mother-politician "Malinga: The wife, mother, politician"]. ''The Sunday Mail''. 27 September 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 November</span> 2017</span>.</cite></ref> Ọrụ ya gụnyere ijikwa ọrụ ndị Onye isi ala Mugabe nyere osote onye isi ala Mphoko, na ijide n'aka na ndị minista ndị osote onyeisiala na-elekọta na-arụ ọrụ ha nke ọma.<ref name=":0" /> Kanengoni-Malinga na-akọwa onwe ya dị ka "onye Afrịka, nke nwere obere nnwere onwe ụmụ nwanyị, mana ọ bụghị onye na-eme ihe ike. " <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://www.sundaymail.co.zw/malinga-the-wife-mother-politician|title=Malinga: The wife, mother, politician|author=|first=|date=2015-09-27|work=The Sunday Mail|language=en-US|archiveurl=|archivedate=|accessdate=2017-11-25}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://www.sundaymail.co.zw/malinga-the-wife-mother-politician "Malinga: The wife, mother, politician"]. ''The Sunday Mail''. 27 September 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 November</span> 2017</span>.</cite></ref> Ọ na-akọwara onwe ya dị Ka "onye agenda abụọ na-eduzi": inye ụmụ nwanyị ike na "ibuli ọkọlọtọ mba ebe ọ bụla m gara. "<ref name=":0" /> == Ọrụ azụmahịa == Kanengoni-Malinga na di ya nwere ọtụtụ azụmaahịa na mgbakwunye na ọrụ ha na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=https://www.sundaynews.co.zw/a-walk-through-the-life-of-a-young-political-couple/|title=A walk through the life of a young political couple|author=Tshuma|first=Lungile|date=2014-09-21|work=The Sunday News|language=en-GB|archiveurl=|archivedate=|accessdate=2020-04-27}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFTshuma2014">Tshuma, Lungile (21 September 2014). [https://www.sundaynews.co.zw/a-walk-through-the-life-of-a-young-political-couple/ "A walk through the life of a young political couple"]. ''The Sunday News''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 April</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> O nwere ugbo soybean na Mazowe nke na-ewe ihe karịrị mmadụ 100 n'ọrụ, ebe di ya nwere ebe a na-egwupụta ihe na Filabusi ma na-elekọta ụlọ ọrụ nna ya, Jabulani Safaris . <ref name=":1" /> == Ndụ onwe onye == Kanengoni-Malinga lụrụ Mpehlabayo Joshua Malinga, nwa nwoke onye bụbu onye isi obodo Bulawayo na onye otu ZANU–PF Politburo bụ Joshua Malinga.[1] Kanengoni-Malinga si Mashonaland Central Province na di ya si Bulawayo; ha zutere na ọgbakọ pati ZANU–PF na isi obodo Harare.[1] Di ya na-etinyekwa aka na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, ebe ọ bụ na ọ bụ onye odeakwụkwọ na-ahụ maka mpụ na otu ndị ntorobịa.[2] Di na nwunye ahụ nwere ụmụ nwanyị anọ—Nandipha, Unathi, Mbali, na Thando—ma bi na Borrowdale, bụ́ ógbè bara ọgaranya nke Harare.[1] Ọ na-enwe mmasị ịga njem, isi nri, ileta ndị enyi, ikiri DSTV, na iso basketball.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":0" /> == Edemsibia == [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] adxw02j74rytzxc2b8g8o1du4eazfrn 0 60140 644185 206377 2026-05-30T18:41:57Z Sylvaline39 15355 fixed reference error 644185 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Valentine Uwamariya''' (amụrụ na 14 Mee 1971) bụ onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Rwanda onye jere ozi dị ka minista nke agụmakwụkwọ site na 2020 ruo 2023 mgbe onye isi ala Paul Kagame weghachiri ya na Ministry of Gender and Family Promotion na ntuli aka nke 2024-2029 ọ na-eje ozi dị ka Minista nke gburugburu ebe obibi na Rwanda [https://www.environment.gov.rw/] <ref>{{Cite web|date=26 July 2021|title=Education minister back in parliament over UR issues|url=https://www.newtimes.co.rw/news/education-minister-back-parliament-over-ur-issues|accessdate=17 September 2021|work=The New Times {{!}} Rwanda|language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|date=13 October 2020|title=Valentine Uwamariya|url=https://live.worldbank.org/experts/valentine-uwamariya|accessdate=17 September 2021|work=Banco Mundial En Vivo|language=es}}</ref> <ref name=":0">{{Cite news|title=Dr. Valentine UWAMARIYA {{!}} The Minister of Education|url=https://www.mineduc.gov.rw/about}}</ref> <ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=Alumna Dr. Valentine Uwamariya appointed as Minister of Education in Rwanda {{!}} IHE Delft Institute for Water Education|url=https://www.un-ihe.org/news/alumna-dr-valentine-uwamariya-appointed-minister-education-rwanda|accessdate=17 September 2021|work=www.un-ihe.org}}</ref> [[Faịlụ:Dr._Valentine_Uwamariya.jpg|thumb|'''Dr.Valentine Uwamariya Minista na-ahụ maka gburugburu ebe obibi''']] == Mmalite na agụmakwụkwọ == Valentine Uwamariya mụrụ na 14 Mee 1971 na Shangi Sector na Nyamasheke District. O nwetara asambodo ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị ya n'aka Groupe Scolaire Sainte Famille, Nyamasheke. Ọ gara n'ihu n'agụmakwụkwọ ya wee nweta nzere bachelọ na Organic Chemistry na Mahadum Mba na Rwanda. N'afọ 2005, Uwamariya nwetara nzere masters na Electrochemistry na Mahadum Witwatersrand na South Africa. Mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị na 2007, ọ nwetara akwụkwọ mmụta iji mụọ mmemme PhD na UNESCO-IHE na na 2013 ọ nwetara akara mmụta doctorate.[1] [2] [3] Akpọrọ akwụkwọ nyocha PhD ya: “Adsorptive mwepụ nke ọla dị arọ na mmiri dị n'ime ala site na adsorbent dabere na iron oxide." == Ọrụ == Uwamariya jere ozi dị ka osote osote onye isi ala na-ahụ maka ọzụzụ, mmepe ụlọ ọrụ na nyocha na Rwanda Polytechnic e guzobere ọhụrụ tupu ya abịa Minista nke Mmụta.<ref name=":0"/><ref name=":2">{{Cite web|date=27 February 2020|title=Meet The New Cabinet Members|url=https://www.ktpress.rw/2020/02/meet-the-new-cabinet-members/|accessdate=17 September 2021|work=KT PRESS|language=en-US}}</ref> == Edemsibia == [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] c8zy4ct0lrvp99p3wn7l1fhjsyam9lt 0 60198 644539 538024 2026-05-31T06:32:52Z Nachi kim 20090 Fixed reference error and added {{DEFAULTSORT}} 644539 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faịlụ:Thandiwe_Newton_Peabody_Awards,_June_2021.png|thumb|Thandiwe Newton]] '''Melanie Thandiwe Newton''' OBE / / ˈtæn diː weɪ / TAN - TAN -way ; <ref>{{Cite web|author=Gonda|first=Violet|date=24 June 2021|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ac8NMH0qUko&t=4m29s|title=The Hot Seat with Violet Gonda. Thandiwe Newton|work=[[YouTube]]|accessdate=8 November 2022}}</ref> amụrụ 6 Nọvemba 1972), nke akpọrọbu dị ka '''Thandie Newton''' / / ˈtændi / TAN - TAN ), bụ onye omere Britain. Ọ nwetala ihe nrite dị iche iche gụnyere ihe nrite Primetime Emmy Award na BAFTA Award yana nhọpụta maka onyinye abụọ Golden Globe Awards . A họpụtara ya [[Order of the British Empire|onye isi nke Order of the British Empire]] (OBE) na 2019 New Year Honors maka ọrụ maka ihe nkiri na ọrụ ebere. <ref>{{Cite web|date=29 December 2018|title=New Year Honours List 2019|url=https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/62507/supplement/N1|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181230212307/https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/62507/supplement/N1|archivedate=30 December 2018|accessdate=28 December 2018|work=The London Gazette}}</ref> A maara Newton maka ịrụ ọrụ dị ka aha aha na ''Beloved'' (1998), Nyah Nordoff-Hall in ''Mission: Impossible 2'' (2000), Tiffany in ''Shade'' (2003), Dame Vaako na ''The Chronicles of Riddick'' (2004), Christine in ''Crash'' (2004), Linda na ''The Pursuit'' ''Runness.'' (2007), Stella na ''RocknRolla'' (2008), Condoleezza Rice na ''W.'' (2008), Laura Wilson na <nowiki><i id="mwNg">2012</i></nowiki> (2009), Tangie Adrose in ''For Colored Girls'' (2010), Maeve Millay na ''Westworld'' (2016-2022), Roz Huntley na ''Line of Duty'' '': na 01 Akụkọ nke Star'' (2081). Ọ kwupụtakwara Mona na Netflix okenye animated sitcom ''Big Mouth'' (2019 – dị ugbu a) yana spinoff ''Human Resources'' (2021 – 2023). == Ndụ mmalite na agụmakwụkwọ == Melanie Thandiwe Newton mụrụ na mpaghara Westminster nke [[London]] na 6 November 1972, ada nke nne [[Zimbabwe]] na nna Bekee. <ref name="aalbc"/> Nne ya bụ onye otu [[Tribal chief|ezinụlọ eze]] Shona, <ref name= "vogue">{{cite magazine| last= Evans| first= Diana| date= 4 April 2021| title= "I'm Taking Back What's Mine": The Many Lives of Thandiwe Newton| url= https://www.vogue.co.uk/news/article/thandiwe-newton-interview| magazine= Vogue| access-date= 2 September 2022| archive-date= 23 February 2025| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20250223105000/https://www.vogue.co.uk/news/article/thandiwe-newton-interview| url-status= live}}</ref> <ref name="aalbc" /> na nna ya rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye na-ahụ maka ụlọ nyocha na onye na-ese ihe. Nne na nna ya bi na [[Zambia]], ma a mụrụ ya mgbe ha nọ na England ileta ndị ikwu; ha laghachiri Zambia, ebe a muru nwanne ya nwoke nke nta. Nke a emeela ka akọwara ebe amụrụ ya ezighi ezi dị ka Zambia n'ụdị ụfọdụ, mana o kwenyela na ajụjụ ọnụ na a mụrụ ya na Westminster. <ref name="Gonda"/> "Thandiwe" bụ aha sitere [[Nguni languages|Nguni]] ma putara "onye m hụrụ n'anya". <ref>{{Cite book|author=Simelane Kalumba|first=Phumzile|year=2018|title=Jublani Means Rejoice: A Dictionary of South African Names|edition=2nd|publisher=Modjaji|isbn=978-1-928215-49-3}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|author=Campbell|first=Lucy|date=5 April 2021|url=https://www.theguardian.com/tv-and-radio/2021/apr/05/actor-thandiwe-newton-reclaims-original-spelling-of-her-name|title=Actor Thandiwe Newton reclaims original spelling of her name|work=The Guardian|accessdate=5 April 2021|quote=Thandiwe means 'beloved' in the Zulu, Ndebele and Xhosa languages. [...] This article was amended on 5 April 2021 to remove an incorrect phrase saying 'Thandiwe means "beloved" in the Shona language'.}}</ref> Mgbe Newton dị afọ atọ, ọ laghachiri na ezinụlọ ya na England, ebe ha biri na Penzance ka nna ya nwee ike inye aka na-azụ ahịa ochie nke ezinụlọ ya. Ọ gara St Mary's Roman Catholic Primary School. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cornwalllive.com/news/celebs-tv/thandie-newton-denied-school-photo-2589180|title=Thandie Newton was denied school photo in Cornwall because her hair was in corn-rows|author=Hards|first=Shannon|date=27 February 2019|work=Cornwalllive.com|accessdate=9 April 2021}}</ref> O mechara kwuo banyere nzụlite ya, "Site n'ihe dị ka afọ ise, amaara m na erughị m. Abụ m nwa nwoke na-ekweghị na Chineke dị n'ụlọ akwụkwọ Katọlik na-acha ọcha nke ndị nọn na-elekọta. Abụ m onye na-adịghị mma." <ref name="ted">{{Cite web|title=Thandie Newton: Embracing otherness, embracing myself|url=http://www.ted.com/talks/lang/en/thandie_newton_embracing_otherness_embracing_myself.html|work=Ted.com|date=July 2011|accessdate=11 May 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121213095842/http://www.ted.com/talks/lang/en/thandie_newton_embracing_otherness_embracing_myself.html|archivedate=13 December 2012}}</ref> Ọ malitere iwepụ mkpụrụedemede "w" n'aha etiti ya wee mee ka ọ bụrụ "Thandie" / akpọrọ / ˈtænd i / TAN -dee ). <ref name="aalbc">{{Cite web|url=https://aalbc.com/reviews/thandie_newton.htm|work=aalbc.com|title=Thandie Newton|accessdate=9 March 2021}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://aalbc.com/reviews/thandie_newton.htm "Thandie Newton"]. ''aalbc.com''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 March</span> 2021</span>.</cite></ref> Ọ gụrụ ịgba egwu na Tring Park School for the Performing Arts, wee mụọ na Downing College, Cambridge, ebe ọ nwetara akara ugo mmụta na mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya na 1995. <ref name="DowCam">{{Cite web|url=http://www.dow.cam.ac.uk/dow_server/news/Thandie.html|title=Downing alumna Thandie Newton wins BAFTA award|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100122191300/http://www.dow.cam.ac.uk/dow_server/news/Thandie.html|archivedate=22 January 2010|work=Dow.Cam.ac.uk|publisher=Downing College|accessdate=}}</ref> == Ọrụ == === 1991–1999: Ọrụ mbụ na mpụta === [[Faịlụ:Thandie Newton at TIFF in 2007.jpg|áká_èkpè|thumb|275x275px| Newton na 2007]] Newton mere ihe nkiri mpụta mbụ ya na ọbịbịa nke afọ ihe nkiri nkiri ''Flirting'' (1991), emere na 1989 mana ọ debere afọ abụọ. Ekelere ya dị ka "Thandie Newton" ma mesịa gaa n'ihu na-eji aha a eme ihe. <ref name="Gonda">{{Cite web|url=https://mg.co.za/africa/2021-07-01-thandiwe-newton-on-reclaiming-her-identity/|title=Thandiwe Newton on reclaiming her identity|author=Gonda|first=Violet|date=1 Jul 2021|accessdate=2 October 2022|quote=}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">Gonda, Violet (1 July 2021). [https://mg.co.za/africa/2021-07-01-thandiwe-newton-on-reclaiming-her-identity/ "Thandiwe Newton on reclaiming her identity"]<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 October</span> 2022</span>.</cite></ref> O gosiziri ohu "Yvette" na Brad Pitt na Tom Cruise film ''Interview with the Vampire'' (1994). Newton pụtara na mmepụta nke Merchant Ivory nke ''Jefferson na Paris'' dị ka Sally Hemings . Na-esote, ọ gbara na Jonathan Demme 's drama ''Beloved'' (1998), dabere na akwụkwọ akụkọ Toni Morrison, bụ nke ọ na-akpọ aha aha, mmụọ nke nwa agbọghọ ohu nke nne ya gburu ya iji zọpụta ya n'ịbụ ohu. Ihe nkiri a gosikwara [[Oprah Winfrey]] na Danny Glover . Newton gbara egwu dị ka Nyah Nordoff-Hall, ọzọ megidere Cruise, na ''Mission: Impossible 2'' . Ọrụ ya na-esote bụ na ihe nkiri mmefu ego dị ala ''Ọ bụ ihe mberede'', nke di ya dere, onye na-ese ihe nkiri Ol Parker . {| class="wikitable sortable" !Year !Title !Role ! class="unsortable" |Notes |- |1991 |''Pirate Prince'' |Becky Newton | rowspan="2" |Television film |- |1997 |''In Your Dreams'' |Clare |- |2003–2009 |''ER'' |Makemba "Kem" Likasu |Recurring role; 14 episodes |- |2006 |''American Dad!'' |Makeva (voice) |Episode: "Camp Refoogee" |- |2013–2015 |''Rogue'' |Grace Travis |Main role; 24 episodes |- |2015 |''The Slap'' |Aisha |Main role; 8 episodes |- |2016–2022 |''Westworld'' |Maeve Millay |Main role; 36 episodes |- |2017 |''Line of Duty'' |DCI Roseanne "Roz" Huntley |Main role; 6 episodes |- |2018 |''The Big Narstie Show'' |Herself |Season 1, Episode 2 |- |2019–present |''Big Mouth'' |Mona the Hormone Monstress (voice) |Recurring role; 12 episodes |- |2020 |''RuPaul's Drag Race'' |Herself / Guest judge |2 episodes: "You Don't Know Me" / "Grand Finale" |- |2022–2023 |''Human Resources'' |Mona the Hormone Monstress (voice) |Recurring role |- |2025 |''Wednesday'' |Dr. Fairburn |Season 2; guest role |} === Ụlọ ihe nkiri === {| class="wikitable" !Afọ ! Aha ! Ọrụ ! Ebe ! class="unsortable" | Ref. |- | 2011-2012 | ''Ọnwụ na Nwa agbọghọ'' | Paulina Salas | Harold Pinter Ụlọ ihe nkiri, West End | <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://playbill.com/article/thandie-newton-to-star-in-west-end-revival-of-dormans-death-and-the-maiden-com-181149|title=Thandie Newton to Star in West End Revival of Dorman's Death and the Maiden|work=Playbill|accessdate=July 8, 2024}}</ref> |- |} === Vidiyo egwu === {| class="wikitable" !Afọ ! Abụ ! Onye na-ese ihe ! Ref. |- | 2017 | " Eziokwu ezinụlọ " | Jay-Z feat. [[Beyoncé Knowles|Beyonce]] | |- |} == Ihe nrite na nhọpụta == == Ntụaka == {{Commons category}} * {{IMDb name}} * Thandiwe Newton on Twitter * Thandiwe Newton on Instagram {{DEFAULTSORT:Newton, Thandiwe Malanie}} [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] bu6x7io6wkuiwd9k7n5wju0fgg4i66x 0 60298 644192 208995 2026-05-30T19:28:02Z Wikipedian12512(alt) 61413 Redlink 644192 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Ụmụnne Massabki''' ({{langx|ar|الأخوة المسابكيين}}), '''Abdel Moati Massabki''', '''Francis Massabki''' and '''Raphael Massabki''' bụụrụ ndị Katọlik Maronite si Damascus, ebe bụ [[Syria]] ugbua. Ụmụnne atọ a bụụrụ ụmụ Nehme Massabki. Na ubochi iri n’ọnwa Julaị afo 1860, e gburu ụmụnne ahụ n'ihi okpukpe ha mgbe ha na-ekpe ekpere n'ime ụlọ ụka Franciscan di na Damaskọs, n'oge esemokwu obodo nke afo 1860 na Ugwu Lebanọn na Damaskọus. E chiri ha echichi ndị nsọ n’ afo 1926 ma mee ha ndị nsọ n'afọ 2024. === Usoro Ichi Ha Echichi Ndị Nsọ na Ime Ha Ndị Nsọ === Pope Pius nke Iri na Otu kwupụtara ichi echichi ndị nsọ nke ụmụnne atọ ahụ n’afo 1926. N’ubochi iri na asato n’onwa Disemba nke afo 2022, onyeisi ndị Maronite Bechara Boutros al-Rahi mara ọkwa na a ga-amata umunne Massabki ndị a dịka ndị nso na-enweghị mkpa maka ọrụ ebube n'ihi na ha bụ ndị nwụrụ n'ihi okwukwe.<ref>{{Cite web|title=The Three Blessed Massabki Brothers to be named saints|url=https://www.lbcgroup.tv/news/lebanon-news/678649/the-three-blessed-massabki-brothers-to-be-named-sa/en|accessdate=2022-12-18|work=LBCI Lebanon|date=18 December 2022|language=en}}</ref> N’abalị mbụ n'ọnwa Julaị afo 2024, Pope Francis duziri nzukọ ndị kadinal, nke kwadoro ka a emee emume ime ha ndị nsọ nke mmadụ iri na ise, gụnyere Ụmụnne Massabki. N'Obí Ndịozi maka nzukọ ọha na eze, Kadinal Marcello Semeraro gosipụtara 'Peroratio', akụkọ banyere ndụ na ọrụ ebube nke The Massabki Brothers, n'etiti ndị ọzọ.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2024-07-01|title=Carlo Acutis and 14 Blesseds approved for canonization - Vatican News|url=https://www.vaticannews.va/en/pope/news/2024-07/consistory-cardinals-carlo-acutis-martyrs-canonization.html|accessdate=2024-07-01|work=www.vaticannews.va|language=en}}</ref> A họpụtara ụmụnne ahụ ka ha bụrụ ndị nsọ n’ubochi iri abụọ n’ọnwa Ọktoba afọ 2024 tinyere ndị nsọ iri na otu ọhụrụ.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2024-07-01|title=Carlo Acutis and 14 Blesseds approved for canonization - Vatican News|url=https://www.vaticannews.va/en/pope/news/2024-07/consistory-cardinals-carlo-acutis-martyrs-canonization.html|accessdate=2024-07-01|work=www.vaticannews.va}}</ref> == Hụkwa == * Ndị nwụrụ n'ihi okwukwe ha na Damaskọs == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} r3ohis04jkz155q7rxdvcbv682rlyor 0 60358 644561 208874 2026-05-31T07:14:00Z Geraldine Kene 23189 Fixed reference error 644561 wikitext text/x-wiki   Zekaraịa 11 bụ nke iri na otu n’ime isi iri na anọ dị n’akwụkwọ Zekaraya na Akwụkwọ Nsọ Hibru ma ọ bụ Agba Ochie nke Akwụkwọ Nsọ Ndị Kraịst.[1][2][1] Akwụkwọ a nwere amụma ndị e buru Zekaraya onye amụma. Na Baịbụl Hibru, ọ bụ akụkụ nke Akwụkwọ Ndị Amụma Iri na Abụọ.[4] Isiakwụkwọ a bụ akụkụ nke akụkụ nke nwere Zekaraịa 9–14, [5] nke ekwuru na ọ bụ onye a na-akpọ “Zekaraịa nke abụọ”, onye nọchiri anya Zekaraya nke isi 1-8.[6]. == Ihe odide == E dere ihe odide mbụ n’asụsụ Hibru. E kewara isiakwụkwọ a n’amaokwu iri na asaa. === Ndị akaebe ederede === Ụfọdụ ihe odide ndị mbụ nwere ihe odide nke isiakwụkwọ a n’asụsụ Hibru bụ nke Masoret Text, bụ́ nke gụnyere Codex Cairensis (nke sitere na 895), Petersburg Codex of the Prophets (916), Aleppo Codex (930), na Codex Leningradensis (1008).[7][8] A chọtara iberibe akwụkwọ ndị nwere akụkụ nke isiakwụkwọ a n’ime Akwụkwọ Mpịakọta Osimiri Nwụrụ Anwụ, ya bụ, 4Q82 (4QXIIg; 50–25 TOA) nwere amaokwu nke 1–2.[9][1][11][12] There is also a translation into [[:en:Koine_Greek|Koine Greek]] known as the [[:en:Septuagint|Septuagint]], made in the last few centuries BCE. Extant ancient manuscripts of the Septuagint version include [[:en:Codex_Vaticanus|Codex Vaticanus]] ('''B'''; <math> \mathfrak{G}</math>^B; 4th century), [[:en:Codex_Sinaiticus|Codex Sinaiticus]] ('''S'''; [[:en:Biblia_Hebraica_(Kittel)|BHK]]: <math> \mathfrak{G}</math>^S; 4th century), [[:en:Codex_Alexandrinus|Codex Alexandrinus]] ('''A'''; <math> \mathfrak{G}</math>^A; 5th century) and [[:en:Codex_Marchalianus|Codex Marchalianus]] ('''Q'''; <math> \mathfrak{G}</math>^Q; 6th century).{{sfn|Würthwein|1995|pp=73-74}} == Mgbukpọ nke Israel (amaokwu 1-3) == Amaokwu ndị a bụ abụ ịkwa emo megide nduzi ndị mmadụ, ma ọ bụ ọbụna ụlọ nsọ ahụ, na-ezo aka na Jeremaịa 25:36 . Nkebi nke a bụ ihe a na-akpọ 'akwụkwọ njikọ' na-eji 'okwu nkedo' 'Lebanọn' (cf 10:12; 11:1) na 'ndị ọzụzụ atụrụ' (10:3; 11:3, 4).[6] A kọwawo akụkụ a dị ka ntụaka maka ụlọ nsọ nke abụọ ka e bibisịrị ụlọ nsọ ahụ na AD 70.[6]. === Amaokwu 1 === : ''Mepee ọnụ ụzọ gị, O Lebanọn,'' :: ''ka ọkụ wee rie osisi cedar gị!'' Ọkà mmụta Bible bụ́ Katrina Larkin na-ekwu na ma ọdịnala ndị rabaị ma Akwụkwọ Mpịakọta Osimiri Nwụrụ Anwụ na-eji okwu ahụ bụ́ “Lebanọn” na-ezo aka n’ụlọ nsọ dị na Jerusalem.[6] == Amụma nke Ndị Ọzụzụ Atụrụ (amaokwu 4-17) == Na nkebi nke a, amaokwu 4–6 webata onye amụma nke na-eme “onye ọzụzụ atụrụ” nke a na-akpọ ya nke ọma na YHWH, ya na ndị Izrel dị ka “ìgwè atụrụ” ahụ, na ndị ndú ha dị ka “ndị ahịa” [6] Akụkụ ahụ na-ezo aka na Ezikiel 37:15–28, mana n’esemokwu na-atụgharị onyinyo ịdị n’otu Ezikiel ka ọ bụrụ nkewa atọ (amaokwu 9, 10, 14).[15]. === Amaokwu nke 4 === : ''Ya mere Onyenwe anyị Chineke m kwuru, sị: "Bụrụ onye ọzụzụ atụrụ nke ìgwè atụrụ a ga-egbu egbu".'' A na-agbakwunye okwu ndị ahụ pụtara [kwuru] "m" na nsụgharị ụfọdụ.[1] === Amaokwu 12 === : ''M wee gwa ha,'' : ''Ọ bụrụ na unu eche ezi ihe, nye m ụgwọ m;'' :: ''ma ọ bụrụ na ọ bụghị, gboo.'' : ''Ya mere, ha tụrụ mkpụrụ ego ọlaọcha iri atọ n'ihe m ji ọnụ ahịa.'' * "Ụgwọ m": ya bụ, "ụgwọ ọrụ m" maka ilekọta "ìgwè", nke na-anọchite anya "ndị mmadụ". * "Ọ bụrụ na ị na-eche ihe ọma": n'ụzọ nkịtị, "Ọ bụrụgodị na ọ dị mma n'anya gị. " Ndị edemede Ndị Kraịst jikọtara nke a na ozi Jizọs, onye nyere ndị mmadụ nlekọta ọzụzụ atụrụ, na-ekwu maka onwe ya dị ka "ohu" iji mezuo uche Nna (Filipino 2:7). * "Ọ bụrụ na ọ bụghị, kwụsie ike": ọ na-echeta akụkụ ndị dị n'akwụkwọ Ezikiel: "Ị ga-agwa ha, otú ahụ ka Onyenwe anyị Chineke si kwuo, Onye na-anụ, ka ọ nụ, ka ọ kwụsie, ka ọ kwụsị". - Ezekiel 2:7:5:27">Ezikiel 3:27; cf. Ezikiel 2: Izikiel 3:11). Ịlaịja kwukwara, sị, "Ọ bụrụ na Onyenwe anyị bụ Chineke, soro Ya; mana ọ bụrụ na Bel, soro ya" (1 Ndị Eze 18:21) na-egosi na Chineke agaghị amanye mmadụ nnwere onwe ime nhọrọ. * "Igbe ọlaọcha iri atọ": bụ ọnụahịa nke ohu, nke ehi gburu ọnwụ (Ọpụpụ 21:32). Nke a jikọtara ya na ahịa Judas (Mateọs 26:15), nke nnukwu onye nchụàjà ahụ, n'ama ma ọ bụ n'amaghị ama, setịpụrụ na ọnụahịa nke "mkpụrụ ego ọlaọcha iri atọ". Bereshit Rabba kwuru na amụma a 'bụ nke Mezaịa'. <ref name="barnes">[[Albert Barnes (theologian)|Barnes, Albert]]. [https://biblehub.com/commentaries/barnes/zechariah/11.htm ''Notes on the Bible'' - Zechariah 11]. James Murphy (ed). London: Blackie & Son, 1884. Reprint, Grand Rapids: Baker Books, 1998.</ref> === Amaokwu 13 === : ''Onyenwe anyị wee sị m, "Tinye ya onye ọkpụite" - ọnụahịa ahụ dị elu ha setịpụrụ n'ahụ m. Ya mere, m were mkpụrụ ego ọlaọcha iri atọ tụba ha n'ụlọ Onyenwe anyị maka onye ọkpụkpụ.'' * "Akwụkwọ ọlaọcha iri atọ" (NRSV: "Shekọl ọlaọcha atọ"): bụ ọnụahịa ohu na Ọpụpụ 21:32.[25] Ekwuru okwu a sitere na Jeremaia (dịka ụdị nke midrash na Jeremaịa 18–19) na agba ọhụrụ (Matiu 26:15; Matiu 27:3-10).[26]. === Amaokwu 15-17 === Amaokwu nke 15–16 nwere ihe oyiyi nke ihe atụ nke onye ọzụzụ atụrụ ọma ahụ, na-ekwughachi ihe atụ yiri nke ahụ a chọtara na Ezikiel 34:3–4, ebe amaokwu nke 17 na-emegidekwa amaokwu nke 15–16 nwere okwu ahụhụ megide onye ọzụzụ atụrụ na-abaghị uru.[27] == Hụkwa ==   * Akụkụ [[Akwụkwọ Nsọ|Bible]] ndị metụtara ya: Ọpụpụ 21, Jeremaịa 32, Matiu 26, Matiu 27 == Ihe edeturu na edensibia == 1. ↑ Zekaraya, Akwụkwọ nke. Akwụkwọ nkà ihe ọmụma Juu 2. ↑ Akwụkwọ mpịakọta osimiri nwụrụ anwụ - Zekaraya 3. ↑ Zekaraya 11:14: Baịbụl Nsọ Nhazi Katọlik 4. ↑ Zekaraya 11:4: Baịbụl Nsọ Nhazi Katọlik 5. ↑ Zekaraya 11:4: Nsụgharị Ọma 6. ↑ ​​Zekaraya 11:12 KJV 7.↑ Exell, Joseph S.; Spence-Jones, Henry Donald Maurice (Ndị ndezi). Na "Zekaraya 11". Na: Nkọwa Pulpit. mpịakọta 23. Mbipụta mbụ: 1890. Enwetara ya 24 Eprel 2019. 8. ↑ Jamieson, Robert; Fausset, Andrew Robert; Brown, David. Jamieson, Fausset na Brown's Commentary On the Whole Bible. "Zekaraịa 11". 1871. 9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 Barnes, Albert. Ihe ndetu na Baịbụl - Zekaraya 11. James Murphy (ed). London: Blackie & Son, 1884. Mbipụta, Grand Rapids: Akwụkwọ Baker, 1998. 10.↑ Bereshit Rabba, otu. 98. fol. 85.3. 11. ↑ Gill, Jọn. Ngosipụta nke Akwụkwọ Nsọ dum. "Zekaraịa 11". E bipụtara ya na 1746-1763. 12. ↑ Zekaraya 11:13 NKJV{{Reflist|30em}} == Ebe e si nweta ya == * {{Cite book|author=Boda|first=Mark J.|title=The Book of Zechariah|series=New International Commentary on the Old Testament|editor=Harrison|publisher=Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing|year=2016|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EwJRCwAAQBAJ|isbn=978-0802823755}} * {{Cite book|author=Collins|first=John J.|authorlink=John J. Collins|title=Introduction to the Hebrew Scriptures|publisher=Fortress Press|year=2014|isbn=9781451469233|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fbsoBAAAQBAJ}} * {{Cite book|author=Coogan|first=Michael David|authorlink=Michael D. Coogan|title=The New Oxford Annotated Bible with the Apocryphal/Deuterocanonical Books: New Revised Standard Version, Issue 48|editor=Coogan|edition=Augmented 3rd|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2007|isbn=9780195288810|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HmpMPgAACAAJ}} * {{Cite book|title=A Guide to the Dead Sea Scrolls and Related Literature|author=Fitzmyer|first=Joseph A.|authorlink=Joseph Fitzmyer|publisher=William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TILXeWJ2eNAC|year=2008|isbn=9780802862419|location=Grand Rapids, MI}} * {{Cite book|author=Hayes|first=Christine|authorlink=Christine Hayes|title=Introduction to the Bible|publisher=Yale University Press|year=2015|isbn=978-0300188271|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SKbkXYHxvlAC}} * {{Cite book|author=Larkin|first=Katrina J. A.|chapter=37. Zechariah|title=The Oxford Bible Commentary|editor=Barton|publisher=Oxford University Press|edition=first (paperback)|date=2007|pages=610–615|isbn=978-0199277186|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZJdVkgEACAAJ|accessdate=February 6, 2019}} *   * {{Cite book|author=Rogerson|first=John W.|chapter=Zechariah|title=Eerdmans Commentary on the Bible|editor=Dunn|<!--editor2-link= John William Rogerson |--> edition=illustrated|publisher=Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing|year=2003|isbn=978-0802837110|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2Vo-11umIZQC|pages=721–729}} * {{Cite book|editor=Ulrich|title=The Biblical Qumran Scrolls: Transcriptions and Textual Variants|year=2010|publisher=Brill|url=https://archive.org/details/TheBiblicalQumranScrolls}} * {{Cite book|author=Würthwein|first=Ernst|authorlink=Ernst Würthwein|title=The Text of the Old Testament|publisher=Wm. B. Eerdmans|location=Grand Rapids, MI|year=1995|isbn=0-8028-0788-7|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FSNKSBObCYwC|accessdate=January 26, 2019}} == Njikọ mpụga == === Ndị Juu === * [http://www.mechon-mamre.org/p/pt/pt2311.htm Zakaria 11 Hibru na Parallel English] * [http://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/16215 Zakaria 11 Hibru na nkọwa Rashi] === Ndị Kraịst === * Zechariah 11 English Translation with Parallel Latin Vulgate Archived 2017-02-02 at the Wayback Machine {{Book of Zechariah}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Zechariah 11}} snbbmoea2y491izino9tgxu1zheikwz 0 60369 644612 208897 2026-05-31T11:37:06Z King ChristLike 13051 fixed error 644612 wikitext text/x-wiki Zekaraịa 4 bụ nke anọ nke isi iri na anọ dị n'akwụkwọ Zekaraya na Akwụkwọ Nsọ Hibru ma ọ bụ Agba Ochie nke Akwụkwọ Nsọ Ndị Kraịst.<ref name=JE_BOZ /> Akwụkwọ a nwere amụma ndị e buru Zekaraya onye amụma. Na Bible Hibru, ọ bụ akụkụ nke Akwụkwọ Ndị Amụma Iri na Abụọ.[4] Isiakwụkwọ a na-akọ ọhụụ nke ise Zekaraya.[2] Ọ bụ akụkụ nke ngalaba (nke a na-akpọ “Zekaraịa mbụ”) nke nwere Zekaraya 1–8.[6] == Ihe odide == E dere ihe odide mbụ n’asụsụ Hibru. E kewara isiakwụkwọ a n’amaokwu iri na anọ. === Ndị akaebe ederede === Ụfọdụ ihe odide ndị mbụ nwere ihe odide nke isiakwụkwọ a n’asụsụ Hibru bụ nke Masoret Text, bụ́ nke gụnyere Codex Cairensis (nke sitere na 895), Petersburg Codex of the Prophets (916), na Codex Leningradensis (1008).[7][8][a] A chọtara iberibe akwụkwọ ndị nwere akụkụ nke isiakwụkwọ a n’ime Akwụkwọ Mpịakọta Osimiri Nwụrụ Anwụ, ya bụ, 4Q80 (4QXIIe; 75–50 TOA) nwere amaokwu nke 1–4.<ref name=thewaytoyahuweh /> E nwekwara nsụgharị n’asụsụ Grik Koine nke a maara dị ka Septuagint, nke e mere na narị afọ ole na ole gara aga TOA. Ihe odide ochie nke nsụgharị Septuagint gụnyere Codex Vaticanus (B; 𝐺 B; Narị afọ nke anọ), Codex Sinaiticus (S; BHK: 𝐺 S; Narị afọ nke anọ), Codex Alexandrinus (A; 𝐺 A; Narị afọ nke ise) na Codex Marchalianus (Q; 𝐺 Q; narị afọ nke isii).[13] == Ọhụụ nke ebe a na-etinye oriọna na osisi oliv (amaokwu 1-6) == Ọhụụ nke ise n’ime ọhụụ asatọ ahụ ji ‘ihe oyiyi akara’ nke oriọna ọlaedo ahụ na osisi oliv nọchiri anya ndị ndú abụọ a họpụtara ịrụkọ ọrụ maka Chineke: Jọshụa bụ́ nnukwu onye nchụàjà na onye si n’eriri Devid na onye ọchịchị, bụ́ Zerọbabel.[14] === Amaokwu nke 6 === : ''Ya mere, ọ zaghachiri ma sị m:'' : ''"Nke a bụ okwu Onyenwe anyị gwara Zeribabel:'' : ''<nowiki/>'Ọ bụghị site n'ike ma ọ bụ site n'ikike, kama site na Mmụọ m,''' : ''Na-ekwu Onyenwe ndị ọbịa."'' * "Ọ bụghị site n'ike": A ga-arụ ọrụ Zerubabbel site n'amara Chineke naanị. Septuagint: "ọ bụghị site n'ike dị ukwuu", mana Vulgate sụgharịrị ya: "ọ dịghị site n'aka ndị agha". Zerubebele nwere ike inwe nkụda mmụọ na-eche otú o si mee ihe na mmadụ ole na ole nọ n'aka ya (Nehemiah 4:2:2), na otú mmegide ahụ siri dị egwu, ya mere ozi a na-emesi ya obi ike na nkwa nke enyemaka Chineke, na-amara na Chineke na-ele ya anya dị oké ọnụ ahịa (Haggai 1:1:23) dị ka ohu Onyenwe anyị, na gọvanọ Juda (Haghai 1:1).[16][17] * "Ma site na Mmụọ m": ọrụ ahụ ga-abụ nke Mmụọ dị ndụ (cf. Haggai 2:5) nke Chineke, nke adịghị ike mmadụ na-emetụtaghị, n'ihi na ike Chineke ga-eweta ike site na adịghị ike (Hosea 1:7; 2 Ndị Kọrịnt 12:10; Ndị Hibru 11:34). [18] Ọzọkwa n'ike nke Mmụọ Chineke Ọ họpụtara na Chọọchị "ndịozi mbụ, mgbe ahụ ndị amụma na ndị na-ezisa ozi ọma" 1 Ndị Kọrịnt 12:28, 'na-ejupụta ha na onyinye Chineke ma mee ka ha baa ọgaranya site na mbata nke Mmụọ Ya'.[19] == Oracle nke nzaghachi (amaokwu 7-14) == Ọ bụ ezie na ọrụ iwu ụlọ nsọ ahụ dabeere na Zerọbabel, ndị ndú abụọ ahụ bụ ma ndị Chineke e tere mmanụ. === Amaokwu 10 === : ''N'ihi na onye ọ bụla ledara ụbọchị nke obere ihe anya ga-aṅụrị ọṅụ, ọ ga-ahụkwa eriri pọmpụ n'aka Zerubebele.'' : ''Ihe asaa a bụ anya Onyenwe anyị, nke na-agafe ụwa dum.'' Ọkà mmụta okpukpe bụ́ Katrina Larkin na-atụ aro na nrụtụ aka na “ụbọchị ihe nta” na-egosi na e gaghị ewere mweghachi nke ụlọ nsọ dị na Jerusalem dị ka “afọ ọla edo” nke eschatology.[14] === Amaokwu 14 === : Mgbe ahụ o kwuru, "Ndị a bụ ndị abụọ e tere mmanụ na-eguzo n'akụkụ Onyenwe anyị nke ụwa dum". Okwu Hibru e ji mee ihe pụtara “ụmụ mmanụ” (ma ọ bụ “ụmụ mmanụ ọhụrụ”), [1] na-ezo aka na Zerọbabel na Jọshụa. Nkebiokwu a si n'otu mgbọrọgwụ okwu ahụ bụ "Mesaịa" pụta.[14]. == Hụkwa == * Ebe a na-etinye oriọna * Mmanụ oliv * Zerubebele * Akụkụ [[Akwụkwọ Nsọ|Bible]] ndị metụtara ya: Haggai 1, Zakaria 6, Zakariya 2, Zakariya 3, Zakariya 5, Zakariya 6 == Ihe edeturu == a. ↑ Codex Aleppo (930) nwere ugbu a naanị Zekaraya 9:17b-14:21. [9] == Edensibia == === Ihe ndị e dere n'akwụkwọ === 1. ↑ A kowaputara edensibia nke a na templeetį ma o bụ ngọngọ ozọ emeputara, ma ugbu a enwere ike įhụ nkirimaatu ya n'ebe osi. 2. ↑ Zechariah 4:1 in the Jerusalem Bible (1966) 3. ↑ A kowaputara edensibia nke a na templeetị ma ọ bụ ngọngọ ozo emeputara, ma ugbu a enwere ike įhụ nkirimaatu ya n'ebe osi. 4.↑ Zechariah 4:6 NKJV 5.↑ Zechariah 4:10: English Standard Version (ESV) 6.↑ Zechariah 4:14: ESV 7. ↑ Note b at Zechariah 4:14 in the ESV {{Reflist|refs=<ref name=thewaytoyahuweh>[http://thewaytoyahuweh.com/research/dead-sea-scrolls/#zechariah Dead sea scrolls – Zechariah]</ref> <ref name=JE_BOZ>[http://jewishencyclopedia.com/articles/15199-zechariah-book-of Zechariah, Book of]. [[Jewish Encyclopedia]]</ref>}} === Ebe e si nweta ya === == Njikọ mpụga == === Ndị Juu === * [http://www.mechon-mamre.org/p/pt/pt2304.htm Zakariah 4 Hibru na Parallel English] * [http://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/16208 Zakariah 4 Hibru na nkọwa Rashi] === Ndị Kraịst === * Zechariah 4 Ntụgharị Asụsụ Bekee na Parallel Latin Vulgate echekwara 2017-02-02 na igwe Wayback {{Book of Zechariah}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Zechariah 04}} qhjuqfs8sm3wt7jats6nxw9dswlldk6 0 60373 643965 208906 2026-05-30T12:19:18Z Adimora chidinma 15845 Fixed reference error 643965 wikitext text/x-wiki   1 Samuel 29 bụ isi nke iri abụọ na itoolu nke Akwụkwọ mbụ nke Samuel n’ime Testament Ochie nke Akwụkwọ Nsọ Ndị Kraịst ma ọ bụ akụkụ mbụ nke akwụkwọ Samuel na Akwụkwọ Nsọ Hibru. Dị ka ọdịnala ndị Juu si dị, e nyere akwụkwọ ahụ sitere n’aka Samuel onye amụma, tinyere ndị amụma Gad na Netan gbakwụnye ya, [1] ma ndị ọkà mmụta nke oge a na-ele ya anya dị ka ihe mejupụtara ọtụtụ ederede nọọrọ onwe ha nke afọ dị iche iche site na c. 630–540 TOA.[3][4] Isiakwụkwọ a nwere akụkọ banyere otú Devid si gbanarị ná mgbalị Sọl gbalịrị ugboro ugboro igbu ya.[5][6] Nke a bụ n'ime akụkụ nke nwere 1 Samuel 16 ruo 2 Samuel 5 nke na-edekọ mbilite n'ọnwụ Devid dị ka eze Izrel.[7] == Ihe odide == E ji asụsụ Hibru dee isiakwụkwọ a na mbụ. E kewara ya n’amaokwu iri na otu. === Ndị akaebe ederede === Ụfọdụ ihe odide ndị mbụ nwere ihe odide nke isiakwụkwọ a n’asụsụ Hibru sitere n’ọdịnala Ederede Masoret, bụ́ nke gụnyere Codex Cairensis (895), Aleppo Codex (narị afọ nke 10), na Codex Leningradensis (1008).[8] A chọtara iberibe akwụkwọ ndị nwere akụkụ nke isiakwụkwọ a n'asụsụ Hibru n'etiti Akwụkwọ Mpịakọta Osimiri Nwụrụ Anwụ gụnyere 4Q51 (4QSama; 100–50 TOA) nwere amaokwu 1 dị ugbu a.[9][1][11][2] Ihe odide ochie nke nsụgharị gaa na Grik Koine nke a maara dị ka Septuagint (nke e meburu na narị afọ ole na ole gara aga TOA) gụnyere Codex Vaticanus (B; 𝐺 B; narị afọ nke anọ) na Codex Alexandrinus (A; 𝐺 A; Narị afọ nke ise).[13][a] == Ebe ndị a na-anọ ==   * Aphek * Jezreel * Ziklag == Ndị Filistia jụrụ Devid (29:1-5) == Ndị Filistia chịkọtara ndị agha ha n’Efek dị njikere izute Sọl n’ala dị larịị nke Jezreel, mgbe ndị ọchịagha ha hụrụ na ‘ndị Hibru’ nọ n’òtù ha—bụ́ ndị a na-adị mfe iche n’uwe ha kama ịbụ ndị agbụrụ ọ bụla.[15] Ma eleghị anya, n’icheta otú ‘ndị Hibru’ siri gbapụ na Mikmash (1 Samuel 13–14), ndị Filistia kpebisiri ike na ha agaghị ekwe ka Devid na ndị ya sonye n’agha ha, ọbụna ka ha ka na-echeta abụ mmeri ahụ e nyere Devid maka ọnwụ nke “iri puku kwuru iri puku” ndị Filistia.[16] === Amaokwu 1 === : ''Ugbu a, ndị Filistia kpọkọtara ndị agha ha niile gaa Afek: ndị Izrel kpọkọkwara isi iyi dị na Jezreel.'' * "Aphek": aha ebe a na-ahụkarị na-eji okwu Hibru nke pụtara "ebe e wusiri ike". E nwere otu na Juda (1 Samuel 4:1), ebe a ka a na-ejikọta ya na obodo Fuku'a nke oge a, nso Ugwu Gilboa, n'ime ókèala nke ebo Issachar.<ref name=pulpit>Exell, Joseph S.; Spence-Jones, Henry Donald Maurice (Editors). [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/pulpit/1_samuel/29.htm On "1 Samuel 29".] In: ''The [[Pulpit Commentary]]''. 23 volumes. First publication: 1890. Accessed 24 April 2019.</ref> * "A na-ejikọta isi iyi nke dị na Jezreel" na aha oge a ''Ain-Jalûd'', "Isi iyi nke Golaịat" (n'ihi na a na-ewere ya dị ka ebe agha na Golaịad), nnukwu isi iyi nke na-esi n'okpuru ọgba dị na nkume dị n'ala Gilboa. <ref name="pulpit" /> == Akish zigara Devid na Ziklag (29:6-11) == N’ịbụ ndị ndị ndú ndị Filistia ndị ọzọ kpagidere, a manyere Ekish izighachi Devid na Ziklag, ọ bụ ezie na ọ dịtụbeghị mgbe o ji aka ya nwee obi abụọ na Devid na-eguzosi ike n’ihe, ọbụna hụtara na Devid enweghị ntụpọ, onye na-akwụwa aka ọtọ, na-enweghị ntụpọ ‘dị ka mmụọ ozi nke Chineke’ (amaokwu 3, 6–7, 9–10).[20] Devid kwuputara na aka ya dị ọcha nye Ekish ma rube isi n'iwu ahụ ka ọ lọghachi n'ụlọ, ya mere a napụrụ ya site n'itinye aka na ọnwụ Sọl na Jọnatan.[20][21] === Amaokwu 10 === : [Achish gwara Devid] ''"Ugbu a, biliri n'isi ụtụtụ na ndị na-ejere nna gị ukwu ozi ndị sooro gị bịa. Ozugbo ị biliri n"isi ụtụtụ wee nwee ìhè, pụọ. "'' N’ịbụ ndị ndị ndú ndị Filistia ndị ọzọ kpagidere, a manyere Ekish izighachi Devid na Ziklag, ọ bụ ezie na ọ dịtụbeghị mgbe o ji aka ya nwee obi abụọ na Devid na-eguzosi ike n’ihe, ọbụna hụtara na Devid enweghị ntụpọ, onye na-akwụwa aka ọtọ, na-enweghị ntụpọ ‘dị ka mmụọ ozi nke Chineke’ (amaokwu 3, 6–7, 9–10).[20] Devid kwuputara na aka ya dị ọcha nye Ekish ma rube isi n'iwu ahụ ka ọ lọghachi n'ụlọ, ya mere a napụrụ ya site n'itinye aka na ọnwụ Sọl na Jọnatan.[20][21] * "Ndị na-ejere nna gị ukwu ozi ndị sooro gị bịa": dị ka Barnes si kwuo, ọ nwere ike ịpụta na ọnụ ọgụgụ dị ukwuu nke ndị Manase kpebiri iso Devid (1 Ihe E Mere 12:19-21) n'oge a, wee soro ya laghachi Ziklag. == Hụkwa ==   * Akụkụ Bible ndị metụtara ya: 1 Samuel 27, 1 Samuel 28, 1 Samuel 30 == Ihe edeturu == a. Akwụkwọ 1 Samuel dum adịghị na Codex Sinaiticus. [14] == Edensibịa == {{Reflist}} == Ebe e si nweta ya == === Nkọwa banyere Samuel ===   === Ọchịagha ===   == Njikọ mpụga == * Nsụgharị [[Judaism|Ndị Juu]]: ** [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15858/showrashi/true Shmuel I - I Samuel - Isi nke 29 (Judaica Press)] . Ihe odide Hibru na nsụgharị Bekee [na nkọwa Rashi] na Chabad.org * Nsụgharị [[Efefe Kraịst|Ndị Kraịst]]: ** Bible Online na GospelHall.org (ESV, KJV, Darby, American Standard Version, Bible in Basic English) ** [http://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?book_id=9&chapter=29&version=9 1 Samuel isi nke 29. Ọnụ Ụzọ Bible] {{First Book of Samuel}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Samuel 1 29}} egrhon2vlx8cxuqhxjanfiiwhwtjhr6 0 60399 644556 208945 2026-05-31T07:01:16Z Geraldine Kene 23189 Fixed reference error 644556 wikitext text/x-wiki   Zekaraịa 3 bụ nke atọ nke isi iri na anọ dị n'akwụkwọ Zekaraya na Akwụkwọ Nsọ Hibru ma ọ bụ Agba Ochie nke Akwụkwọ Nsọ Ndị Kraịst.[1][2][1] Akwụkwọ a nwere amụma ndị e buru Zekaraya onye amụma. Na Bible Hibru, ọ bụ akụkụ nke Akwụkwọ Ndị Amụma Iri na Abụọ.[4] Isiakwụkwọ a na-edekọ ọhụụ banyere Jọshụa, bụ́ nnukwu onye nchụàjà, ka e mere ka ọ dị ọcha n’ihu Chineke.[5] Ọ bụ akụkụ nke ngalaba (nke a na-akpọ “Zekaraịa mbụ”) nke nwere Zekaraya 1–8.[6] == Ihe odide == E dere ihe odide mbụ n’asụsụ Hibru. E kewara isiakwụkwọ a n’amaokwu iri. === Ndị akaebe ederede === Ụfọdụ ihe odide ndị mbụ nwere ihe odide nke isiakwụkwọ a n’asụsụ Hibru bụ nke Masoret Text, bụ́ nke gụnyere Codex Cairensis (nke sitere na 895), Petersburg Codex of the Prophets (916), na Codex Leningradensis (1008).[7][8][a] A chọtara iberibe akwụkwọ ndị nwere akụkụ nke isiakwụkwọ a n’ime Akwụkwọ Mpịakọta Osimiri Nwụrụ Anwụ, ya bụ, 4Q80 (4QXIIe; 75–50 TOA) nwere amaokwu 2–10 dị adị.[9][1][11][12] E nwekwara nsụgharị n’asụsụ Grik Koine nke a maara dị ka Septuagint, nke e mere na narị afọ ole na ole gara aga TOA. Ihe odide ochie nke nsụgharị Septuagint gụnyere Codex Vaticanus (B; 𝐺 B; Narị afọ nke anọ), Codex Sinaiticus (S; BHK: 𝐺 S; Narị afọ nke anọ), Codex Alexandrinus (A; 𝐺 A; Narị afọ nke ise) na Codex Marchalianus (Q; 𝐺 Q; narị afọ nke isii).[13] Ẹma ẹkụt n̄kpri n̄kpri n̄kpri n̄kpri n̄kpọ ke ibuot emi (edikabade Septuagint) ke otu Ikpan̄wed Inyan̄ Inụn̄, oro edi, Nahal Ḥever 8Ḥev1 (8ḤevXIIgr); ngwụcha narị afọ nke mbụ TOA) nwere amaokwu 1–7.[1][14][15] == Nkwupụta == Ọhụrụ nke anọ n’ọhụụ asatọ Zekaraya hụrụ gosiri Jọshụa, bụ́ nnukwu onye nchụàjà Izrel (“Jeshụa” n’Ezra–Nehemaịa), bụ́ onye Setan (“Ara ahụ”) boro ya ebubo, bụ́ onye na-eme ihe dị ka onye ndụmọdụ ikpe n’obí nke eluigwe) ma a tọhapụrụ ya.[16] “Nsacha” ya sochirinụ na-enye akara na Chineke ga-agbaghara ma sachapụ obodo ahụ, nke gosipụtara site na mweghachi nke ọrụ ụlọ nsọ.[5][16] === Ọhụụ nke Onye Nnukwu Nchụàjà (amaokwu 1-5) === Onye amụma ahụ hụrụ onye dị adị n’ezie, bụ́ Jọshụa bụ́ nnukwu onye nchụàjà, n’adịghị ka ihe atụ ndị ahụ a hụrụ n’ọhụụ ndị ọzọ.[17] O yi uwe ruru unyi, ikekwe na-ezo aka n'uwe ndị a na-eyi n'iru uju.[1] Iji uwe ọhụrụ dochie “uwe ruru unyi” nke Jọshụa (amaokwu 3–4) na-enye ikike nke ụlọ nsọ ọhụrụ na ọkwa nchụaja.[19] Uwe ọhụrụ ahụ bụ “uwe oriri” [1] na ákwà nkuku nke ndị nchụàjà dị ọcha.[2] === Alaka Na-abịa (3:6-10) === Mweghachi nke ofufe nke ụlọ nsọ ahụ ga-eduga na ọbịbịa nke "Alaka ahụ" (amaokwu 8), onye ga-eweghachi ọchịchị n'ime oge ọhụrụ (amaokwu 10), mgbe a ga-eme ka ajọ omume nke ala ahụ dị ọcha n'otu ụbọchị (amaokwu 9). ==== Amaokwu nke 8 ==== : Biko, nuru, Joshua, bú onye-isi-nchu-àjà; gi onwe-gi, na ndi-ibe-gi ndi nānọdu ala n'iru gi: n'ihi na ha bu ndikom nāju ha anya: n'ihi na, le, M'gaje ime ka orùm bu Alaka. :: * "Thy fellows": The priests, who sat with the high priest in council (cf. {{bibleverse|2 Kings|4:38|9}}; {{bibleverse|Ezekiel|8:1|9}}, etc.), were not seen in the vision. * "Men wondered at": Septuagint: {{Lang|grc|διότι ἄνδρες τερατοσκόποι εἰσί}}, "men observers of wonders;" Vulgate: ''Quia viri portendentes sunt'' (cf. {{bibleverse|Isaiah|8:18|9}}); can be rendered, "men of portent, sign, or type," that the Revised Version has, "men which are a sign," those who foreshadow some future events, for good things to come;<ref name="pulpit">[[New King James Version|NKJV]]: "they are a wondrous sign", ''lit.'' "men of a sign or wonder".<ref>Note on Zechariah 3:8 in [[New King James Version|NKJV]].</ref> NKJV: "they are a wondrous sign", ''lit.'' "men of a sign or wonder". * "My servants the Branch": The double significance to the messianic meaning of the passage is emphasized by the collocation of the two keywords "servant" and "branch" (cf. {{bibleverse|Isaiah|41:8, 9|9}}; 42:1, {{bibleverse|Isaiah|42:19|9|19}}; 43:10; 44:1, 2, {{bibleverse|Isaiah|44:21|9|21}}; {{bibleverse|Psalm|132:17|9}}; Jeremiah 23:5; 33:15). * "The Branch" (Hebrew: ''tsemakh''): generally seen as a reference to Messiah, coming from the almost extinct royal line of David (Zechariah 6:12; Isaiah 4:2; Isaiah 11:1; Jeremiah 23:5; Jeremiah 33:15). The word is translated by the Septuagint as {{Lang|grc|ἀνατολήν}}, in the sense of "shoot" as well as "sunrise" (cf. Jeremiah 23:5; {{bibleverse|Ezekiel|16:7|9}}; {{bibleverse|Ezekiel|17:10|9}}), and by the Vulgate as ''orientem'' (similarly in the Syriac and Arabic; cf. {{Bibleverse|Luke|1:78|9}}). Aben Ezra noted that "many interpreters say this Branch is the Messiah: and he is called Zerubbabel, because he is of his seed, even as he is called David; and David my servant shall be their Prince for ever" (cf. {{bibleverse|Ezekiel|37:25|9}}). == Hụkwa == * Jọshụa Onye Nnukwu Onye Nchụàjà * Setan * Akụkụ [[Akwụkwọ Nsọ|Bible]] ndị metụtara ya: Aịsaịa 4, Aịsaịa 11, Jeremaịa 33, Haggai 1, Zakaria 6, Zakariya 2, Zakariya 4, Zakariya 5, Zakariya 6, Luk 1, Mkpughe 5 == Ihe edeturu == a. Codex Aleppo (930) nwere ugbu a naanị Zekaraya 9:17b-14:21.[9] == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} == Ebe e si nweta ya ==   == Njikọ mpụga == === Ndị Juu === * [http://www.mechon-mamre.org/p/pt/pt2303.htm Zakariah 3 Hibru na Parallel English] * [http://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/16207 Zakariah 3 Hibru na nkọwa Rashi] === Ndị Kraịst === * Zechariah 3 Nsụgharị Bekee na Parallel Latin Vulgate E debere ya na Wayback Machine {{Book of Zechariah}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Zechariah 03}} ri9280nudyg9oj1s2w7rle8ev91f4ea 0 60464 644129 345906 2026-05-30T17:24:48Z Iwuala chisom 17246 Added {{DEFAULTSORT}} 644129 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Ellah Wakatama Allfrey 0453.jpg|thumb|Ellah Wakatama Allfrey 0453]] '''Ellah Wakatama''', [[Order of the British Empire|OBE]], Hon. FRSL (amụrụ na 16 Septemba 1966), bụ onye nchịkọta akụkọ na Canongate Books, <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thebookseller.com/news/wakatama-allfrey-joins-canongate-editor-large-1022361|first=Heloise|author=Wood|title=Ellah Wakatama Allfrey joins Canongate as editor-at-large {{!}} The Bookseller|work=www.thebookseller.com|date=13 June 2019|accessdate=2019-07-29|archivedate=29 July 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190729200214/https://www.thebookseller.com/news/wakatama-allfrey-joins-canongate-editor-large-1022361}}</ref> onye isi nchọpụta na Mahadum Manchester, na Onye isi oche nke AKO Caine Prize for African Writing. <ref name="Caine chair">{{Cite web|url=http://caineprize.com/press-releases/2019/4/2/our-new-chairperson|title=Our New Chairperson|work=The Caine Prize for African Writing|date=2 April 2019|language=en-US|accessdate=2019-07-29|archivedate=8 April 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190408102030/http://caineprize.com/press-releases/2019/4/2/our-new-chairperson}}</ref> &nbsp;Ọ bụ onye guzobere Publishing Director nke Indigo Press . <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://brittlepaper.com/2018/06/press-town-indigo-press-promises-books-bold-ideas-beautifullycrafted-stories/|title=There's a New Publisher in Town! {{!}} Indigo Press Promises Bold Ideas and Beautifully-crafted Stories|first=Ainehi|author=Edoro|authorlink=Ainehi Edoro|date=2018-06-04|work=Brittle Paper|accessdate=2019-07-29|archivedate=7 September 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180907221341/https://brittlepaper.com/2018/06/press-town-indigo-press-promises-books-bold-ideas-beautifullycrafted-stories/}}</ref> Onye nchịkọta akụkọ na onye nkatọ nke London, ọ nọ na kọmitii ikpe nke 2017 International Dublin Literary Award na 2015 Man Booker Prize. N'afọ 2016, ọ bụ Prọfesọ nleta na Global Intercultural Scholar na Goshen College, Indiana, ọ bụkwa Guest Master maka 2016 Gabriel Garcia Marquez Foundation international journalism fellowship na Cartagena, Colombia. Onye bụbu osote onye nchịkọta akụkọ nke magazin ''Granta'', ọ bụ onye isi nchịkọta akụkọ na Jonathan Cape, Random House na onye enyemaka onye nchịkọta akụkọ na Penguin.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thebookseller.com/news/allfrey-leave-granta|first=Joshua|author=Farrington|title=Allfrey to leave Granta {{!}} The Bookseller|work=www.thebookseller.com|date=3 May 2013|accessdate=2019-07-29|archivedate=26 August 2024|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240826181147/https://www.thebookseller.com/news/allfrey-leave-granta}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thebookseller.com/news/allfrey-joins-granta-magazine|title=Allfrey joins Granta Magazine {{!}} The Bookseller|first=Benedicte|author=Page|work=www.thebookseller.com|date=20 July 2009|accessdate=2019-07-29|archivedate=29 July 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190729200151/https://www.thebookseller.com/news/allfrey-joins-granta-magazine}}</ref> Ọ bụ onye nchịkọta akụkọ nke <nowiki><i id="mwNg">Kwani?</i></nowiki> Manuscript Project na onye nchịkọta akụkọ nke anthologies ''Africa39'' (Bloomsbury, 2014) na Safe House: Explorations in Creative Nonfiction (Dundurn/Cassava Republic).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bloomsbury.com/uk/africa39-9781408854679/|title=Africa39|author=Bloomsbury.com|publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing|language=en|accessdate=2019-07-29|archivedate=19 September 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210919062818/https://www.bloomsbury.com/uk/africa39-9781408854679/}}</ref> Ọrụ nta akụkọ ya apụtala na Telegraph, Guardian na akwụkwọ akụkọ Observer yana akwụkwọ akụkọ Spectator na Griffith Review. Ọ bụkwa onye nyere aka na mbipụta 2019 nke New Daughters of Africa.[1] Ọ bụkwa onye na-enye aka mgbe niile na ibe akwụkwọ NPR. Ọ na-anabata NPR's All Things-Trand and BBC Radio 4's Saturday Review. Ọ nọdụrụ na kọmitii nhọrọ maka Rockefeller Foundation Bellagio Fellowship afọ asaa wee jee ozi dị ka onye ndụmọdụ ndụmọdụ maka Rolex 2014-15 Mentor & Protégée Initiative, yana ije ozi dị ka Onye isi oche nke Miles Morland Foundation Scholarship Selection panel ruo afọ atọ. Ọ na-anọdụ na bọọdụ ndị nduzi maka Art for Amnesty na Editorial Advisory Panel nke The Johannesburg Review of Books na Lagos Review of Books. N'afọ 2011, a họpụtara ya onye ọchịagha nke Order of the British Empire (OBE) maka ọrụ akwụkwọ na akwụkwọ na 2019, wee mee ya onye otu Royal Society of Literature. [2] == Akụkọ ndụ == A ''amụrụ'' ya na Salisbury, Rhodesia, na 16 Septemba 1966 nye onye Zimbabwean na-ede akwụkwọ akụkọ, onye nta akụkọ na onye na-ebipụta akwụkwọ Pius Wakatama <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://weaverpresszimbabwe.com/reviews/151-garfield-todd/1001-book-launch-speech-by-pius-wakatama-2|title=Book Launch - Speech by Pius Wakatama - Weaver Press|work=weaverpresszimbabwe.com|accessdate=2019-07-29|archivedate=29 July 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190729200153/http://weaverpresszimbabwe.com/reviews/151-garfield-todd/1001-book-launch-speech-by-pius-wakatama-2}}</ref> na onye ọchụnta ego na onye na'ahụ maka ikike ụmụ nwanyị bụ Winnie Wakatama (née Ndoro), Ellah Wakatama nọrọ afọ ntolite ya n'etiti Salisbury na etiti ọdịda anyanwụ USA mgbe nna ya gụrụ akwụkwọ na Mahadum Iowa. &nbsp;&nbsp;Ọ laghachiri Rhodesia mgbe ọ dị afọ iri, na-aga Arundel School. Ọ laghachiri America site na agụmakwụkwọ kọleji ya, nke malitere na Goshen College, ebe ọ nwetara BA na Journalism, na-agwụ na Mahadum Rutgers, ebe ọ natara MA site na School of Communication, Information and Library Studies.   <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2022)">citation needed</span>]]''&#x5D;</sup> Ọ bi ugbu a na [[London]], [[Obodoézè Nà Ofú|UK]], na-arụ ọrụ dị ka onye nchịkọta akụkọ na Canongate Books, Research Fellow na Mahadum Manchester, na Onye isi oche nke Caine Prize for African Writing. Ọ bụ nwanne onye ode akwụkwọ na onye mgbasa ozi gbasara ọmụmụ ọmụmụ Machu Farai Wakayama Hargrove na Nhamu wakatama nwụrụ anwụ na Richard Wakatam. == Onyinye == Onye otu Royal Society of the Arts, Allfrey nwetara [[Order of the British Empire|OBE]] na 2011 New Year Honours maka ọrụ maka ụlọ ọrụ mbipụta. N'afọ 2019, a họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ onye nsọpụrụ nke Royal Society of Literature . Aha ya bụ Brittle paper onye edemede Africa nke afọ 2019" ihe nrite na-amata ndị na-arụ ọrụ N'azụ ihe nkiri iji jide ụlọ akwụkwọ edemede Africa . == Isiokwu na edemede ndị a họọrọ == * Nnyocha nke Call It Dog nke Marli Roode (''The Guardian'', 28 August 2013) <ref>{{Cite news|author=Watakama Allfrey|first=Ellah|title=Call It Dog by Marli Roode – review|url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2013/aug/28/call-it-dog-marli-roode-review|work=The Guardian|date=28 August 2013|accessdate=28 August 2013}}</ref> * "Onye ukwu [[Chinụa Achebe|Chinua Achebe]] bụ nwoke nyere Afrịka olu" (The Observer, 24 Machị 2013) * "All Hail the African Renaissance" (The Telegraph, 9 Septemba 2011) <ref>{{Cite news|author=Watakama|first=Ellah|title=All Hail the African Renaissance: The Storymoja Hay Festival with the British Council in Nairobi|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/books/bookreviews/8749890/All-Hail-the-African-Renaissance-The-Storymoja-Hay-Festival-with-the-British-Council-in-Nairobi.html|date=9 September 2011|work=The Telegraph|accessdate=3 April 2018}}</ref> * "Agha ọdịbendị nyere anyị akwụkwọ na egwu nke ọgụgụ isi" (The Observer, 13 Eprel 2013) * "Ndị edemede chọrọ ụzọ ọhụrụ iji kwuo maka oge gara aga na ugbu a nke Afrịka" (''The Guardian'', 4 June 2016) * "Longchase" (''Ụmụ nwanyị ọhụrụ nke Africa'', 2019) <ref>{{Cite book|url=http://myriadeditions.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/Margaret-Busby-Introduction-and-Acknowledgements-New-Daughters-of-Africa-Myriad-Editions.pdf|title=''New Daughters of Africa''|editor=Busby|chapter=Contents|date=2019|publisher=Myriad Editions|accessdate=22 March 2022}}</ref> == Podcasts/video == * Guardian Books podcast: Akụkọ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, 5 Eprel 2013 * Ellah Wakatama Allfrey na Behind the Headlines, 3 Jenụwarị 2011. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.podcast.2bctnd.net/?p=8670|title=SWRadioAfrica.|accessdate=14 October 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131020032921/http://www.podcast.2bctnd.net/?p=8670|archivedate=20 October 2013}}</ref> * Ellah Allfrey na Audible na-ekwurịta okwu banyere mbipụta nke anọ nke ''Granta''<nowiki/>'s "Best of Young British Novelists". == Echiche == * "Akwụkwọ 10 kachasị mma n'Africa n'oge a". The Observer, 26 August 2012. * Nke Parselo Kantai, Nairobi hotara, na "Publishing: Book ends and new beginnings", The Africa Report, 8 February 2012. * "Ọ dịghị Violet: Site na Booker nke Africa gaa na Booker longlist" (nkwupụta) == Ajụjụ ọnụ == * "Ellah Wakatama Allfrey OBE on Behind the Headlines", SW Radio Africa, 3 Jenụwarị 2011. * "Ellah Wakatama Allfrey, Granta na Nairobi, Kenya".<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.flickr.com/photos/britishcouncilarts_/9097442511/in/set-72157634245549006|title=britishcouncilarts on Flickr.|date=19 June 2013|accessdate=28 May 2016|archivedate=26 August 2024|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240826181809/https://www.flickr.com/photos/britishcouncilarts_/9097442511/in/set-72157634245549006}}</ref> * Nyana Kakoma, "Ellah Wakatama Allfrey banyere otu o si bụrụ onye nchịkọta akụkọ na ihe mere e ji bụrụ onye ọkachamara", African Writers Trust, 30 June 2014. * "...Ndị na-ebipụta akwụkwọ n'onwe ha na ndị Gate-Keepers chọrọ m ihe okike. " Ajụjụ ọnụ na Ellah Wakatama Allfrey, Short Story Day Africa, 30 Nọvemba 2016. == Mmekọrịta == * African Writers Trust Literary Feast, [[Uganda]], May 2012. * Izu edemede Nairobi, onye ọka ikpe. * Onye ọka ikpe maka Kwani? Manuscript Project - ihe nrite maka akụkọ ifo a na-ebipụtaghị site n'aka ndị edemede Africa. * "The Trans-Atlantic, the Diaspora, and Africa" sonyere. - nzukọ nke Oxford University Research Centre for the Humanities kwadoro, iji kwurịta banyere agụmakwụkwọ kachasị ọhụrụ na-apụta site na Mpaghara interdisciplinary nke US-derived Diaspora Studies na British-derived Trans-Atlantic Studies, yana otu mpaghara ndị a si kewaa ma gbakọta na njikọ nke echiche nke Africa. * Onye isi nke Etisalat Prize for Literature - ihe nrite pan-African na-eme emume ndị edemede Africa nke mbụ nke akwụkwọ akụkọ ifo e bipụtara. * Judge for 2014 Commonwealth Short Story Prize - ihe nrite maka akụkọ kachasị mma nke akụkọ ifo dị mkpirikpi a na-ebipụtaghị (2000-5000 okwu) na Bekee. * Magazin ''Wasafiri'' (onye nyere aka), Mpịakọta 22, Mbipụta 3, 2007.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Wakatama|first=Ellah|title=Among the contributors|journal=Wasafiri|date=October 2007|volume=22|issue=3|pages=91–94|doi=10.1080/02690050701566123}}</ref> * Onye na-agba ajụjụ ọnụ - Binyavanga Waina's Book Launch * Peter Godwin, ''Egwu: Ụbọchị Ikpeazụ nke Robert Mugabe'' (nkwenye).<ref>{{Cite book|author=Godwin|first=Peter|title=The Fear: The Last Days of Robert Mugabe|year=2011|publisher=Picador|location=London|isbn=978-0330507776|pages=368|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dXseQhmJZlkC&q=Ellah+Wakatama+Allfrey&pg=PT107|accessdate=23 May 2021}}</ref> * Onye ọka ikpe maka 2010 Caine Prize for African Writing. * Nkwupụta maka [[Kojo Laing]], ''Nwanyị nke Ụgbọelu''. <ref>{{Cite book|author=Laing|first=Kojo|title=Woman of the Aeroplanes|year=2011|publisher=Heinemann|location=Oxford|isbn=9780435045722|pages=286}}</ref> * Ọkàikpe 2011 maka David Cohen Prize for Literature. * Onye nchịkọta akụkọ nke Africa39: New Writing from Africa South of the Sahara (2014), na okwu mbido nke Wole Soyinka[[Wole Soyinka|Ajị Soyinka]] * Onye ọka ikpe 2015 maka Man Booker PrizeIhe nrite Man Booker * Onye nchịkọta akụkọ nke Safe House: Explorations in Creative Nonfiction (Cassava Republic Press, 2016) * Ajụjụ ọnụ na [[Margaret Busby]], ''Wasafiri'', November 2017. == Ebensibịa == {{Reflist|30em}} == Njikọ mpụga == {{DEFAULTSORT:Allfrey, Ellah Wakatama}} [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 4vk8yr9c6pze0go0qxonw1pce4mt36f 0 60511 644305 209752 2026-05-30T20:44:16Z Neme244 16387 added DEFAULTSORT 644305 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Emmanuel Barthlomew Ekon''' bụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Naịjiria. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ dịka onye otu na-anọchite anya Abak/Etim Ekpo/Ika Federal Constituency n'ụlọ omebe iwu. Amụrụ na 7 October 1971, o si Akwa Ibom State. Ebu ụzọ họpụta ya n'ụlọomeiwu ukwu na ntuliaka 2011, wee họpụta ya ọzọ n'afọ 2015 n'okpuru pati Peoples Democratic Party (PDP). <ref>{{Cite web|title=Citizen Science Nigeria|url=https://citizensciencenigeria.org/public-offices/persons/emmanuel-bartholomew-ekon|accessdate=2025-01-08|work=citizensciencenigeria.org|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Candidates - Voter - Validating the Office of the Electorate on Representation|url=https://orderpaper.ng/voter/candidate?id=EKON-EMMANUEL-BARTHOLOMEW-91|accessdate=2025-01-08|work=orderpaper.ng}}</ref> == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Ekon, Emmanuel}} [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 4lthc5d19fg44t8coatdglejqahgalj 0 60583 644482 638362 2026-05-31T05:39:53Z King ChristLike 13051 644482 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|office=Member of the<br>[[House of Representatives of Nigeria]]<br>from [[Delta State|Delta]]|image=Hon nnamdi ezechi.jpg|constituency=Ndokwa East/Ndokwa West/Ukwuani|party=Peoples Democratic Party|occupation=Politician|citizenship=[[Nigeria]]|term_start=2023|birth_date=28 November 1979|birth_place=[[Delta State]]|honorific_prefix=Hon.|predecessor=Ossai Nicholas Ossai}} '''Nnamdi Ezechi''' bụ onye ndọrọndọrọ ọchịchị Naijiria. Ọ nọchitere anya Ndokwa East/Ndokwa West/Ukwuani Federal Constituency na Ụlọ Ndị Nnọchiteanya. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=10th National Assembly Members - Voter - Validating the Office of the Electorate on Representation|url=https://orderpaper.ng/voter/10th-national-assembly-member?id=Ezechi-Nnamdi-1807|accessdate=2024-12-27|work=orderpaper.ng|archivedate=2024-12-27|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20241227170251/https://orderpaper.ng/voter/10th-national-assembly-member?id=Ezechi-Nnamdi-1807}}</ref> <ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=Citizen Science Nigeria|url=https://citizensciencenigeria.org/public-offices/persons/nnamdi-ezechi|accessdate=2024-12-27|work=citizensciencenigeria.org|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=The Green Chamber Nigeria - The 10th Assembly, Nigeria House of Representatives|url=https://thegreenchamber.ng/public/directory/details/114|accessdate=2024-12-27|work=thegreenchamber.ng|archivedate=2024-12-27|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20241227170251/https://thegreenchamber.ng/public/directory/details/114}}</ref> == Oge ọ malitere == A mụrụ Nnamdi Ezechi na 28 November 1979 na Okpai Kingdom, Delta State. <ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> == Ọrụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị == Na afọ 2023, a họpụtara ya n'okpuru ikpo okwu nke Peoples Democratic Party (PDP) ka onye na-anọchite anya Ndokwa East/Ndokwa West/Ukwuani Federal Constituency, na-anọchi Ossai Nicholas Ossai..<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> == Edensibịa. == {{Reflist}} [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] == Ebenside == {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Ezechi, Nnamdi}} suz5lz5h8wrc8thm3odopepu0cz8dda 0 60621 644100 209654 2026-05-30T15:54:18Z Neme244 16387 added DEFAULTSORT 644100 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Emmanuel Akpan''' bụ onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Naịjirịa. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye otu na-anọchite anya Ikot Ekpene/Essien Udim/Obot Akara Federal Constituency na House of Representatives. A mụrụ ya n'afọ 1967, o si na steeti Akwa Ibom. A họpụtara ya ka ọ banye n'ụlọ omebe iwu na ntuli aka nke 2015 n'okpuru Peoples Democratic Party (PDP). <ref>{{Cite web|title=Citizen Science Nigeria|url=https://citizensciencenigeria.org/public-offices/persons/emmanuel-akpan|accessdate=2025-01-08|work=citizensciencenigeria.org|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Hon. Emmanuel Akpan biography, net worth, age, family, contact & picture|url=https://www.manpower.com.ng/people/16671/hon-emmanuel-akpan|accessdate=2025-01-08|work=www.manpower.com.ng}}</ref> == Edensibịa == {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Akpan, Emmanuel}} [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] htpa36snie4m9na39v91ldha5gg9u8a 0 60759 644455 210022 2026-05-31T02:59:04Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 644455 wikitext text/x-wiki Adamu ghọrọ onye otu Federal Ụlọ ndị nnọchiteanya na 2015, na-anọchite anya [[Michika]] / [[Madagali]] Federal Constituency n'okpuru PDP na 8th AssMGBAKỌ, ọ jere ozi dị ka onye otu HouỤlọ hoc Committee na-enyocha ojiji nke N350bn Natural Resources Fund, gaa n'ihu ma tinye ego na mpaghara ígwè na mineral siri ike. <ref>{{Cite web|date=March 1, 2018|title=Representatives Celebrate the Nigerian Labour Congress at 40|url=https://www.nass.gov.ng/news/item/675|work=nass.gov.ng}}</ref> == Mmalite na mmalite ndụ == A mụrụ Adamu na Adamawa. N'afọ 1987, ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị gọọmentị , Yola, Adamawa steeti, na asambodo ụlọ akwụkwọ West African. Ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na B.Tech na Geology na 1992 na Federal University Of Technology Yola . <ref>{{Cite web|title=Adamu Kamale Profile|url=https://politiciansdata.com/content/adamu-kamale/|work=politiciansdata.com|accessdate=2025-05-13|archivedate=2024-12-29|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20241229173731/https://politiciansdata.com/content/adamu-kamale/}}</ref> == Ndụ onwe onye == Adamu Kamale na di ya, Massi Adamu Kamale, nwere ụmụ anọ, <ref>{{Cite web|date=June 29, 2016|title=Today in Greensboro – Wednesday|url=https://www.brethren.org/news/2016/today-in-greensboro-wednesday/|work=brethren.org}}</ref> ọ bụkwa nna na-ahụ n'anya maka ụmụ nkuchi ndị ọzọ. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Adamu Kamale Profile|url=https://politiciansdata.com/content/adamu-kamale/|accessdate=2024-12-14|work=politiciansdata.com|archivedate=2024-12-29|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20241229173731/https://politiciansdata.com/content/adamu-kamale/}}</ref> == Ọrụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị == Adamu ghọrọ onye otu Federal na 2015, na-anọchite anya [[Michika]] / [[Madagali]] Federal Constituency n'okpuru PDP na 8th e o Mgbakọzi dị ka onye otu -hocttee na-enyocha ojiji nke N350bn Natural ReNaurces Fund, gaa n'ihu ma tinye ego na mpaghara ígwè na mineral siri ike. <ref>{{Cite web|date=March 1, 2018|title=Representatives Celebrate the Nigerian Labour Congress at 40|url=https://www.nass.gov.ng/news/item/675|work=nass.gov.ng}}</ref> Ọ bụ onye otu People's Democratic party (PDP), ruo na Mee, 2017 ebe ọ gara All Progressives Congress, APC . <ref>{{Cite web|author=Opejobi|first=Seun|date=May 23, 2017|title=Another PDP Reps member, Adamu Kamale decamps to APC|url=https://dailypost.ng/2017/05/23/another-pdp-reps-member-adamu-kamale-decamps-apc/|archivedate=|accessdate=2024-12-14|work=dailypost.ng}}</ref> Ọ laghachiri na People's Democratic Party (PDP) na 2020, <ref>{{Cite news|date=May 29, 2020|title=I welcome Kamale,my Political elder Brother back to PDP-Reps Dauda|url=https://tgnews.com.ng/i-welcome-kamalemy-political-elder-brother-back-to-pdp-reps-dauda/|work=tgnews.com.ng}}</ref> na 2021 Kamale pụtara dị ka otu n'ime ndị otu ọhụrụ nke Kọmitii Na-ahụ Maka Ọrụ Mba National, dị ka osote odeakwụkwọ ego nke Peoples Democratic Party (pDP). <ref>{{Cite news|author=|first=|date=October 31, 2021|title=Full list of new PDP national executives|url=https://thenationonlineng.net/full-list-of-new-pdp-national-executives/|work=thenationonlineng.net}}</ref> == Edensibịa == {{Reflist}} [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] rgec5we6ys029u3c1pl8dcwsb2s7be4 0 62996 644161 451027 2026-05-30T17:52:50Z Goodymeraj 16207 644161 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elizabeth Khaxas''' (amụrụ n'afọ 1960) bụ onye edemede na onye na-eme ngagharị iwe na Namibia.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Frauenliebe Männerliebe|author=Frank|first=Liz|date=1997|publisher=J.B. Metzler, Stuttgart|isbn=9783476014580|pages=225–231|language=de|chapter=225-227|doi=10.1007/978-3-476-03666-7_50}}</ref> Khaxas bụụrụ onye isi ''Sister Namibia'' site n'afọ 1998 ruo 2004. <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://sisternamibia.com/about/history/|title=History|date=2014-07-01|work=Sister Namibia|accessdate=2017-11-04|language=en-US}}</ref> Mgbe ọ hapụsịrị Sister Namibia, o guzobere Women's Leadership Centre.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.travelnewsnamibia.com/featured-stories/namibian-community-leader-elizabeth-khaxas/|title=A Namibian community leader of note- Elizabeth Khaxas - Travel News Namibia|date=2013-04-24|work=Travel News Namibia|accessdate=2017-11-04|language=en-US}}</ref> Khaxas na onye ya na ya so sokwa na ikpe ụlọikpe dị n'etiti Frank na Khaxas na Onye isi oche nke Bọọdụ Nhọrọ ndị Immigrashọn na Namibia, bụ ndị nwara inweta nkwado iwu nke mmekọrịta nwoke na nwanyị na Namibia..<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=juxLNuqaYigC&q=Elizabeth+Khaxas&pg=PA195|title=Human Rights Protected?: Nine Southern African Country Reports on HIV, AIDS and the Law|author=Unit|first=University of Pretoria AIDS and Human Rights Research|date=2007|publisher=PULP|isbn=9780980265873|pages=195–196|language=en}}</ref> == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Khasas, Elizabeth}} [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Otú:Ndị amụrụ n'afọ 1960]] 5lwygqa70uzfpdrtp9t7w91ozfslemr 644549 644161 2026-05-31T06:44:17Z King ChristLike 13051 fixed typo 644549 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elizabeth Khaxas''' (amụrụ n'afọ 1960) bụ onye edemede na onye na-eme ngagharị iwe na Namibia.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Frauenliebe Männerliebe|author=Frank|first=Liz|date=1997|publisher=J.B. Metzler, Stuttgart|isbn=9783476014580|pages=225–231|language=de|chapter=225-227|doi=10.1007/978-3-476-03666-7_50}}</ref> Khaxas bụụrụ onye isi ''Sister Namibia'' site n'afọ 1998 ruo 2004. <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://sisternamibia.com/about/history/|title=History|date=2014-07-01|work=Sister Namibia|accessdate=2017-11-04|language=en-US}}</ref> Mgbe ọ hapụsịrị Sister Namibia, o guzobere Women's Leadership Centre.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.travelnewsnamibia.com/featured-stories/namibian-community-leader-elizabeth-khaxas/|title=A Namibian community leader of note- Elizabeth Khaxas - Travel News Namibia|date=2013-04-24|work=Travel News Namibia|accessdate=2017-11-04|language=en-US}}</ref> Khaxas na onye ya na ya so sokwa na ikpe ụlọikpe dị n'etiti Frank na Khaxas na Onye isi oche nke Bọọdụ Nhọrọ ndị Immigrashọn na Namibia, bụ ndị nwara inweta nkwado iwu nke mmekọrịta nwoke na nwanyị na Namibia..<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=juxLNuqaYigC&q=Elizabeth+Khaxas&pg=PA195|title=Human Rights Protected?: Nine Southern African Country Reports on HIV, AIDS and the Law|author=Unit|first=University of Pretoria AIDS and Human Rights Research|date=2007|publisher=PULP|isbn=9780980265873|pages=195–196|language=en}}</ref> == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Khaxas, Elizabeth}} [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Otú:Ndị amụrụ n'afọ 1960]] 8vqn66xywr8579pg85slmysp725omqa 0 63498 644238 595274 2026-05-30T19:44:44Z Wikipedian12512(alt) 61413 ce 644238 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faịlụ:Voit_202_Karl_Runge.jpg|thumb|Carl Runge]] '''Carl David Tolmé Runge''' (30 August1856 - 3 January 1927) bụ onye ọkà mmụta mgbakọ na mwepụ, ọkà mmụta sayensị na spectroscopist.{{IPA|de|ˈʁʊŋə|lang}} Ọ bụ onye mmebe na ngalaba eponym nke Usoro Runge-Kutta (Nkọwa okwu German: [ˈʀʊŋə ˈkʊta]), n'ọhịa nke ihe a na-akpọ taa dị ka nyocha ọnụọgụ.{{IPA|de|ˈʀʊŋə ˈkʊta}} == Ndụ na ọrụ == Runge nọrọ afọ ole na ole mbụ nke ndụ ya na Havana, ebe nna ya Julius Runge bụ onye nnọchi anya Denmark. Nne ya bụ Fanny Schwartz Tolmé . <ref name="Tobies2012">{{Cite book|author=Tobies, Renate|authorlink=Renate Tobies|title=Iris Runge: A Life at the Crossroads of Mathematics, Science, and Industry|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EDm0eQqFUQ4C&pg=PA439|date=5 January 2012|publisher=Springer Science & Business Media|isbn=978-3-0348-0251-2}}</ref> Ezinụlọ ya mechara kwaga Bremen, ebe nna ya nwụrụ n'oge (n'afọ 1864). N'afọ 1880, ọ natara Ph.D. ya na mgbakọ na mwepụ na Berlin, ebe ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ n'okpuru Karl Weierstrass. N'afọ 1886, ọ ghọrọ prọfesọ na Technische Hochschule Hannover na Hanover, [[Jémanị|Germany]]. Mmasị ya gụnyere mgbakọ na mwepụ, spectroscopy, geodesy, na Astrophysics. Na mgbakwunye na mgbakọ na mwepụ dị ọcha, o mere ọrụ nnwale na-amụ usoro spectral nke ihe dị iche iche (ya na Heinrich Kayser), ma nwee mmasị dị ukwuu na itinye ọrụ a na spectroscopy nke mbara igwe. N'afọ 1904, site na Felix Klein, ọ natara oku na Mahadum Göttingen, nke ọ nabatara. Ọ nọrọ ebe ahụ ruo mgbe ọ lara ezumike nká n'afọ 1925. Nwa ya nwanyị Iris ghọkwara onye mgbakọ na mwepụ na nwa ya nwoke Wilhelm bụ onye mmalite nke radar. Nwa ya nwanyị ọzọ, Nerina (Nina), lụrụ onye mgbakọ na mwepụ Richard Courant. A na-akpọ oghere Runge na [[Ọnwa]] aha ya.A na-akpọ ụyọkọ Schumann-Runge nke oxygen oxygen aha ya na Victor Schumann. == Hụkwa == * Iwu Runge * Usoro Runge maka usoro Diophantine. == Ọrụ == * [http://www-gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/cgi-bin/digbib.cgi?PPN317854747 Ueber die Krümmung, Torsion und geodätische Krümmung der auf einer Fläche gezogenen Curven] (PhD dissertation, Friese, 1880) * [https://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/000423691 Praxis der Gleichungen] (G.J. Göschen, Leipzig, 1900) ** [https://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/000423694 Praxis der Gleichungen, zweite, kurnọte Auflage] (W. de Gruyter, Berlin, 1921) <ref name="Swift1923">{{Cite journal|author=Swift|first=Elijah|title=Book Review: ''Praxis der Gleichungen''|journal=Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society|volume=29|issue=7|year=1923|pages=327–328|issn=0002-9904|doi=10.1090/S0002-9904-1923-03742-7}}</ref> * [https://web.archive.org/web/20081120093034/http://name.umdl.umich.edu/ABN6667.0001.001 Analytische Geometrie der Ebene] (B.G. Teubner, Leipzig, 1908) <ref name="Bôcher1909">{{Cite journal|author=Bôcher|first=Maxime|authorlink=Maxime Bôcher|title=Book Review: ''Analytische Geometrie der Ebene''|journal=Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society|volume=16|issue=1|year=1909|pages=30–33|issn=0002-9904|doi=10.1090/S0002-9904-1909-01851-8}}</ref> * [[iarchive:graphmethods00rungrich|Usoro eserese; usoro nkuzi e nyere na Mahadum Columbia, New York, Ọktoba, 1909, ruo Jenụwarị, 1910]] (Columbia University Press, New York. * Graphische Methoden (Teubner, 1912) <ref name="Gronwall1916">{{Cite journal|author=Gronwall|first=T. H.|authorlink=Thomas Hakon Grönwall|title=Book Review: Graphische Methoden|journal=Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society|volume=22|issue=8|year=1916|pages=407–408|issn=0002-9904|doi=10.1090/S0002-9904-1916-02812-6}}</ref> ** [[iarchive:graphischenmetho003786mbp|Graphische Methoden, dritte Auflage]] (Teubner, 1928) * Vektoranalysis (S. Hirzel, Leipzig, 1919) ** Vector Analysis (Methuen & Co., London, 1923); nke H. Levy sụgharịrị site na 1919 German mbụ * Carl Runge und Hermann König: [http://www-gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/cgi-bin/digbib.cgi?PPN373207646 Vorlesungen über numerisches Rechnen] (Springer, Heidelberg, 1924) == Akwụkwọ == * {{Cite journal|author=Paschen F|url=http://adsabs.harvard.edu//full/seri/ApJ../0069//0000317.000.html|title=Carl Runge|journal=Astrophysical Journal|volume=69|pages=317–321|year=1929|doi=10.1086/143192}} * Iris Runge: ''Carl Runge und sein wissenschaftliches Werk'', Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 1949. == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} hmamyv9bk8nssrezn68qkkxkgqjm9h2 0 64063 644165 630542 2026-05-30T17:56:02Z Goodymeraj 16207 644165 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elizabeth Mataka''' bụ onye nnọchi anya pụrụ iche nke mba United Nations maka HIV/AIDS n'Africa, dịka odeakwụkwọ ukwu nke UN, Ban Ki-moon, họpụtara na 21 Mee 2007, wee dochie Stephen Lewis. Ọ nọ n'ọkwa a ruo 13 Julaị 2012. Mataka bụ onye mba Botswana ma bụrụkwa onye bi na Zambia. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ dịka osote onyeisi oche nke ndị otu Global Fund iji lụso AIDS, ụkwara nta na ịba ọgụ. == Oge ọ malitere == A mụrụ ya ma zụlite ya na Francistown, Botswana, Mataka kwagara Lusaka na ngwụcha afọ 1960 iji mụọ ọrụ mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya na Mahadum Zambia. Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na 1970, ọ lụrụ di. Nne nke ụmụ anọ, Mataka nyere aka mepụta Children in Distress, mmemme nke nyeere obodo aka ịnagide ụmụ mgbei AIDS.<ref name="Lancet" />{{Cite journal|author=Schatz|first=Joseph J|date=2007-12-01|title=Elizabeth Mataka: UN Special Envoy for HIV/AIDS in Africa|journal=[[The Lancet]]|language=en-gb|volume=370|issue=9602|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(07)61762-0|pmid=18061045|issn=0140-6736}}</ref> == Ọrụ mmalite == Mataka nọrọ afọ iri abụọ na-arụ ọrụ na gọọmentị na ngalaba onwe onye tupu ọ banye Family Health Trust, obere ụlọ ọrụ na-abụghị nke gọọmentị, dị ka onye isi nchịkwa.<ref name="Lancet">{{Cite journal|author=Schatz|first=Joseph J|date=2007-12-01|title=Elizabeth Mataka: UN Special Envoy for HIV/AIDS in Africa|journal=[[The Lancet]]|language=en-gb|volume=370|issue=9602|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(07)61762-0|pmid=18061045|issn=0140-6736}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFSchatz2007">Schatz, Joseph J (1 December 2007). [[doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(07)61762-0|"Elizabeth Mataka: UN Special Envoy for HIV/AIDS in Africa"]]. Perspectives | profile. ''[[The Lancet]]''. '''370''' (9602). United Kingdom: [[Elsevier]]: 1821. [[Digital object identifier|doi]]:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible">[[doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(07)61762-0|10.1016/S0140-6736(07)61762-0]]</span>. [[ISSN (identifier)|ISSN]]&nbsp;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0140-6736 0140-6736]. [[OCLC (identifier)|OCLC]]&nbsp;[https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/264193137 264193137]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&nbsp;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18061045 18061045].</cite></ref> == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Mataka, Elizabeth}} [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 85rm791y07duk90mhyq7pkga1kex3ez 0 64533 644085 406778 2026-05-30T15:34:40Z Neme244 16387 added DEFAULTSORT 644085 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Emmanuel Acho.png|thumb|Emmanuel Acho]] '''Emmanuel Chinedum Acho''' (amụrụ na afọ Nọvemba 10, 1990) bụ onye Amerika na-enyocha egwuregwu na onye bụbu onye na-agba [[American football|bọọlụ]] ọkachamara bụ onye nyocha maka FS1. Ọ gbara bọọlụ dị ka onye na-agba ọsọ na National Football League (NFL). '''Emmanuel Chinedum Acho''' (amụrụ na Nọvemba 10, 1990) bụ onye America na-enyocha egwuregwu na onye bụbu onye na-agba [[American football|bọọlụ]] ọkachamara bụ onye nyocha maka FS1. Ọ gbara bọọlụ dị ka onye na-agba ọsọ na National Football League (NFL). {{DEFAULTSORT:Acho, Emmanuel}} [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Otú:Articles using infobox templates with no data rows]] opoqvgk9mleetijal3ldgg6vs3b1kij 0 64856 644388 422437 2026-05-30T22:34:05Z Sayvhior 13464 /* Oge ọ malitere */ 644388 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Vicky Vuong''' Nwoke Canada bụ onye bụbu ọkà mmụta sayensị ma bụrụ ugbu a ọkachamara n'ịkụ akpụkpọ ụkwụ eji aka eme ihe. Ọ kpebiri ịgbanwee ọrụ ya gaa n'ịkụ akpụkpọ ụkwụ. == Oge ọ malitere == <ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1">{{Cite web|author=Beach|first=Charlotte|date=2022-08-17|title=Sneaker Artist Vicky Vuong Puts Her Best Foot Forward By Hand-Painting Nikes|url=https://www.printmag.com/designer-interviews/vicky-vuong/|accessdate=2024-11-29|work=PRINT Magazine|language=en-US}}</ref> Vuong mụrụ na Canada, n'aka ndị mụrụ ya bụ ndị kwabatara si China. N'oge ọ na-agụ akwụkwọ, Vuong malitere ịmata na o nwere mmasị na nka. Otu ezumike ezinụlọ, ọ gbanwere akpụkpọ ụkwụ abụọ site n’iji akara ákwà mee ha, nke mere ka uche ya gbanwee ma kpalie mmasị ya n'ịkụ akpụkpọ ụkwụ. == Ọrụ == N'afọ 2014, Vuong rere akpụkpọ ụkwụ mbụ ya mgbe ọ na-eme ka nka ya na ọrụ sayensị ya dị mma.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|date=August 30, 2024|title=How this scientist followed her artistic dreams creating sneakers|url=https://www.today.com/video/how-scientist-vicky-vuong-built-a-custom-shoe-brand-218310725569|accessdate=2024-11-29|work=[[Today (American TV program)|Today]]|language=en|archivedate=2024-12-07|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20241207124004/https://www.today.com/video/how-scientist-vicky-vuong-built-a-custom-shoe-brand-218310725569}}</ref> Na mbụ na-arụ ọrụ site na ụlọ ya dị n'okpuru ala, ọ ji nwayọọ nwayọọ wuo ndị ahịa ma nweta nlebara anya n'ịntanetị maka atụmatụ ya.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|author=Beach|first=Charlotte|date=2022-08-17|title=Sneaker Artist Vicky Vuong Puts Her Best Foot Forward By Hand-Painting Nikes|url=https://www.printmag.com/designer-interviews/vicky-vuong/|accessdate=2024-11-29|work=PRINT Magazine|language=en-US}}</ref> Azụmaahịa ya n'akụkụ mechara nweta ọganihu zuru oke nke na n'afọ 2020 ọ gbanwere na ọrụ sneaker oge niile, na-eguzobe ụlọ ọrụ ya Cestlavic . <ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> N'oge ọrịa COVID-19, Vuong jiri mgbasa ozi mmekọrịta kesaa usoro okike ya ma soro ndị na-ege ntị zuru ụwa ọnụ na-emekọrịta ihe.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|date=August 30, 2024|title=How this scientist followed her artistic dreams creating sneakers|url=https://www.today.com/video/how-scientist-vicky-vuong-built-a-custom-shoe-brand-218310725569|accessdate=2024-11-29|work=[[Today (American TV program)|Today]]|language=en|archivedate=2024-12-07|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20241207124004/https://www.today.com/video/how-scientist-vicky-vuong-built-a-custom-shoe-brand-218310725569}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://www.today.com/video/how-scientist-vicky-vuong-built-a-custom-shoe-brand-218310725569 "How this scientist followed her artistic dreams creating sneakers"]. ''[[Today (American TV program)|Today]]''. August 30, 2024. [https://web.archive.org/web/20241207124004/https://www.today.com/video/how-scientist-vicky-vuong-built-a-custom-shoe-brand-218310725569 Archived] from the original on 2024-12-07<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-11-29</span></span>.</cite></ref> Ọ rụkọtara ọrụ na ụdị ndị dị ka Froot Loops, eBay, Microsoft, Xbox, na Allbirds, ma soro ndị ahịa gụnyere ndị na-eme egwuregwu dị ka Cooper Kupp na Stephen Curry, na ndị mmadụ dị ka Viola Davis.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1">{{Cite web|author=Beach|first=Charlotte|date=2022-08-17|title=Sneaker Artist Vicky Vuong Puts Her Best Foot Forward By Hand-Painting Nikes|url=https://www.printmag.com/designer-interviews/vicky-vuong/|accessdate=2024-11-29|work=PRINT Magazine|language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFBeach2022">Beach, Charlotte (2022-08-17). [https://www.printmag.com/designer-interviews/vicky-vuong/ "Sneaker Artist Vicky Vuong Puts Her Best Foot Forward By Hand-Painting Nikes"]. ''PRINT Magazine''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-11-29</span></span>.</cite></ref> E gosipụtara akpụkpọ ụkwụ ya na ebe ngosi ihe mgbe ochie nke Toronto, Bata Shoe Museum . <ref name=":0" /> Vuong na onye na-ese sneaker ibe ya bụ Ann Duskus nwekọrọ otu studio na San Francisco na 2021. Ha kwadebere oghere ahụ dị ka ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe na ihe omimi.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Margolies|first=Jane|date=March 21, 2023|title=Designing Their Own Studios to Meet Demand for Content|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2023/03/21/business/office-production-studios-content-creation.html|accessdate=2024-11-29|work=New York Times}}</ref> Vuong na-akwado Podcast Best Foot Forward, ebe ọ na-atụle ihe ịma aka ndị na-ese ihe na-eche ihu na ụlọ ọrụ sneaker.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|author=Beach|first=Charlotte|date=2022-08-17|title=Sneaker Artist Vicky Vuong Puts Her Best Foot Forward By Hand-Painting Nikes|url=https://www.printmag.com/designer-interviews/vicky-vuong/|accessdate=2024-11-29|work=PRINT Magazine|language=en-US}}</ref> == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] n3n9009hppnd79wehcrfo7x7d9vlqd6 644390 644388 2026-05-30T22:34:59Z Sayvhior 13464 /* Ọrụ */ 644390 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Vicky Vuong''' Nwoke Canada bụ onye bụbu ọkà mmụta sayensị ma bụrụ ugbu a ọkachamara n'ịkụ akpụkpọ ụkwụ eji aka eme ihe. Ọ kpebiri ịgbanwee ọrụ ya gaa n'ịkụ akpụkpọ ụkwụ. == Oge ọ malitere == <ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1">{{Cite web|author=Beach|first=Charlotte|date=2022-08-17|title=Sneaker Artist Vicky Vuong Puts Her Best Foot Forward By Hand-Painting Nikes|url=https://www.printmag.com/designer-interviews/vicky-vuong/|accessdate=2024-11-29|work=PRINT Magazine|language=en-US}}</ref> Vuong mụrụ na Canada, n'aka ndị mụrụ ya bụ ndị kwabatara si China. N'oge ọ na-agụ akwụkwọ, Vuong malitere ịmata na o nwere mmasị na nka. Otu ezumike ezinụlọ, ọ gbanwere akpụkpọ ụkwụ abụọ site n’iji akara ákwà mee ha, nke mere ka uche ya gbanwee ma kpalie mmasị ya n'ịkụ akpụkpọ ụkwụ. == Ọrụ == N'afọ 2014, Vuong rere akpụkpọ ụkwụ mbụ ya mgbe ọ na-eme ka nka ya na ọrụ sayensị ya dị mma.<ref name=":0" /> Na mbụ na-arụ ọrụ site na ụlọ ya dị n'okpuru ala, ọ ji nwayọọ nwayọọ wuo ndị ahịa ma nweta nlebara anya n'ịntanetị maka atụmatụ ya.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|author=Beach|first=Charlotte|date=2022-08-17|title=Sneaker Artist Vicky Vuong Puts Her Best Foot Forward By Hand-Painting Nikes|url=https://www.printmag.com/designer-interviews/vicky-vuong/|accessdate=2024-11-29|work=PRINT Magazine|language=en-US}}</ref> Azụmaahịa ya n'akụkụ mechara nweta ọganihu zuru oke nke na n'afọ 2020 ọ gbanwere na ọrụ sneaker oge niile, na-eguzobe ụlọ ọrụ ya Cestlavic . <ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> N'oge ọrịa COVID-19, Vuong jiri mgbasa ozi mmekọrịta kesaa usoro okike ya ma soro ndị na-ege ntị zuru ụwa ọnụ na-emekọrịta ihe.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|date=August 30, 2024|title=How this scientist followed her artistic dreams creating sneakers|url=https://www.today.com/video/how-scientist-vicky-vuong-built-a-custom-shoe-brand-218310725569|accessdate=2024-11-29|work=[[Today (American TV program)|Today]]|language=en|archivedate=2024-12-07|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20241207124004/https://www.today.com/video/how-scientist-vicky-vuong-built-a-custom-shoe-brand-218310725569}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://www.today.com/video/how-scientist-vicky-vuong-built-a-custom-shoe-brand-218310725569 "How this scientist followed her artistic dreams creating sneakers"]. ''[[Today (American TV program)|Today]]''. August 30, 2024. [https://web.archive.org/web/20241207124004/https://www.today.com/video/how-scientist-vicky-vuong-built-a-custom-shoe-brand-218310725569 Archived] from the original on 2024-12-07<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-11-29</span></span>.</cite></ref> Ọ rụkọtara ọrụ na ụdị ndị dị ka Froot Loops, eBay, Microsoft, Xbox, na Allbirds, ma soro ndị ahịa gụnyere ndị na-eme egwuregwu dị ka Cooper Kupp na Stephen Curry, na ndị mmadụ dị ka Viola Davis.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1">{{Cite web|author=Beach|first=Charlotte|date=2022-08-17|title=Sneaker Artist Vicky Vuong Puts Her Best Foot Forward By Hand-Painting Nikes|url=https://www.printmag.com/designer-interviews/vicky-vuong/|accessdate=2024-11-29|work=PRINT Magazine|language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFBeach2022">Beach, Charlotte (2022-08-17). [https://www.printmag.com/designer-interviews/vicky-vuong/ "Sneaker Artist Vicky Vuong Puts Her Best Foot Forward By Hand-Painting Nikes"]. ''PRINT Magazine''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-11-29</span></span>.</cite></ref> E gosipụtara akpụkpọ ụkwụ ya na ebe ngosi ihe mgbe ochie nke Toronto, Bata Shoe Museum . <ref name=":0" /> Vuong na onye na-ese sneaker ibe ya bụ Ann Duskus nwekọrọ otu studio na San Francisco na 2021. Ha kwadebere oghere ahụ dị ka ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe na ihe omimi.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Margolies|first=Jane|date=March 21, 2023|title=Designing Their Own Studios to Meet Demand for Content|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2023/03/21/business/office-production-studios-content-creation.html|accessdate=2024-11-29|work=New York Times}}</ref> Vuong na-akwado Podcast Best Foot Forward, ebe ọ na-atụle ihe ịma aka ndị na-ese ihe na-eche ihu na ụlọ ọrụ sneaker.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|author=Beach|first=Charlotte|date=2022-08-17|title=Sneaker Artist Vicky Vuong Puts Her Best Foot Forward By Hand-Painting Nikes|url=https://www.printmag.com/designer-interviews/vicky-vuong/|accessdate=2024-11-29|work=PRINT Magazine|language=en-US}}</ref> == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 2zi2pi29b8i6b8g9av0mngdjy8resvf 644392 644390 2026-05-30T22:35:52Z Sayvhior 13464 /* Oge ọ malitere */ 644392 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Vicky Vuong''' Nwoke Canada bụ onye bụbu ọkà mmụta sayensị ma bụrụ ugbu a ọkachamara n'ịkụ akpụkpọ ụkwụ eji aka eme ihe. Ọ kpebiri ịgbanwee ọrụ ya gaa n'ịkụ akpụkpọ ụkwụ. == Oge ọ malitere == <ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> Vuong mụrụ na Canada, n'aka ndị mụrụ ya bụ ndị kwabatara si China. N'oge ọ na-agụ akwụkwọ, Vuong malitere ịmata na o nwere mmasị na nka. Otu ezumike ezinụlọ, ọ gbanwere akpụkpọ ụkwụ abụọ site n’iji akara ákwà mee ha, nke mere ka uche ya gbanwee ma kpalie mmasị ya n'ịkụ akpụkpọ ụkwụ. == Ọrụ == N'afọ 2014, Vuong rere akpụkpọ ụkwụ mbụ ya mgbe ọ na-eme ka nka ya na ọrụ sayensị ya dị mma.<ref name=":0" /> Na mbụ na-arụ ọrụ site na ụlọ ya dị n'okpuru ala, ọ ji nwayọọ nwayọọ wuo ndị ahịa ma nweta nlebara anya n'ịntanetị maka atụmatụ ya.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|author=Beach|first=Charlotte|date=2022-08-17|title=Sneaker Artist Vicky Vuong Puts Her Best Foot Forward By Hand-Painting Nikes|url=https://www.printmag.com/designer-interviews/vicky-vuong/|accessdate=2024-11-29|work=PRINT Magazine|language=en-US}}</ref> Azụmaahịa ya n'akụkụ mechara nweta ọganihu zuru oke nke na n'afọ 2020 ọ gbanwere na ọrụ sneaker oge niile, na-eguzobe ụlọ ọrụ ya Cestlavic . <ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> N'oge ọrịa COVID-19, Vuong jiri mgbasa ozi mmekọrịta kesaa usoro okike ya ma soro ndị na-ege ntị zuru ụwa ọnụ na-emekọrịta ihe.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|date=August 30, 2024|title=How this scientist followed her artistic dreams creating sneakers|url=https://www.today.com/video/how-scientist-vicky-vuong-built-a-custom-shoe-brand-218310725569|accessdate=2024-11-29|work=[[Today (American TV program)|Today]]|language=en|archivedate=2024-12-07|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20241207124004/https://www.today.com/video/how-scientist-vicky-vuong-built-a-custom-shoe-brand-218310725569}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://www.today.com/video/how-scientist-vicky-vuong-built-a-custom-shoe-brand-218310725569 "How this scientist followed her artistic dreams creating sneakers"]. ''[[Today (American TV program)|Today]]''. August 30, 2024. [https://web.archive.org/web/20241207124004/https://www.today.com/video/how-scientist-vicky-vuong-built-a-custom-shoe-brand-218310725569 Archived] from the original on 2024-12-07<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-11-29</span></span>.</cite></ref> Ọ rụkọtara ọrụ na ụdị ndị dị ka Froot Loops, eBay, Microsoft, Xbox, na Allbirds, ma soro ndị ahịa gụnyere ndị na-eme egwuregwu dị ka Cooper Kupp na Stephen Curry, na ndị mmadụ dị ka Viola Davis.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1">{{Cite web|author=Beach|first=Charlotte|date=2022-08-17|title=Sneaker Artist Vicky Vuong Puts Her Best Foot Forward By Hand-Painting Nikes|url=https://www.printmag.com/designer-interviews/vicky-vuong/|accessdate=2024-11-29|work=PRINT Magazine|language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFBeach2022">Beach, Charlotte (2022-08-17). [https://www.printmag.com/designer-interviews/vicky-vuong/ "Sneaker Artist Vicky Vuong Puts Her Best Foot Forward By Hand-Painting Nikes"]. ''PRINT Magazine''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-11-29</span></span>.</cite></ref> E gosipụtara akpụkpọ ụkwụ ya na ebe ngosi ihe mgbe ochie nke Toronto, Bata Shoe Museum . <ref name=":0" /> Vuong na onye na-ese sneaker ibe ya bụ Ann Duskus nwekọrọ otu studio na San Francisco na 2021. Ha kwadebere oghere ahụ dị ka ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe na ihe omimi.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Margolies|first=Jane|date=March 21, 2023|title=Designing Their Own Studios to Meet Demand for Content|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2023/03/21/business/office-production-studios-content-creation.html|accessdate=2024-11-29|work=New York Times}}</ref> Vuong na-akwado Podcast Best Foot Forward, ebe ọ na-atụle ihe ịma aka ndị na-ese ihe na-eche ihu na ụlọ ọrụ sneaker.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|author=Beach|first=Charlotte|date=2022-08-17|title=Sneaker Artist Vicky Vuong Puts Her Best Foot Forward By Hand-Painting Nikes|url=https://www.printmag.com/designer-interviews/vicky-vuong/|accessdate=2024-11-29|work=PRINT Magazine|language=en-US}}</ref> == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] o93s3jp54hc47jo37nkh8l225qa4s1i 644393 644392 2026-05-30T22:36:49Z Sayvhior 13464 /* Ọrụ */ 644393 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Vicky Vuong''' Nwoke Canada bụ onye bụbu ọkà mmụta sayensị ma bụrụ ugbu a ọkachamara n'ịkụ akpụkpọ ụkwụ eji aka eme ihe. Ọ kpebiri ịgbanwee ọrụ ya gaa n'ịkụ akpụkpọ ụkwụ. == Oge ọ malitere == <ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> Vuong mụrụ na Canada, n'aka ndị mụrụ ya bụ ndị kwabatara si China. N'oge ọ na-agụ akwụkwọ, Vuong malitere ịmata na o nwere mmasị na nka. Otu ezumike ezinụlọ, ọ gbanwere akpụkpọ ụkwụ abụọ site n’iji akara ákwà mee ha, nke mere ka uche ya gbanwee ma kpalie mmasị ya n'ịkụ akpụkpọ ụkwụ. == Ọrụ == N'afọ 2014, Vuong rere akpụkpọ ụkwụ mbụ ya mgbe ọ na-eme ka nka ya na ọrụ sayensị ya dị mma.<ref name=":0" /> Na mbụ na-arụ ọrụ site na ụlọ ya dị n'okpuru ala, ọ ji nwayọọ nwayọọ wuo ndị ahịa ma nweta nlebara anya n'ịntanetị maka atụmatụ ya.<ref name=":1" /> Azụmaahịa ya n'akụkụ mechara nweta ọganihu zuru oke nke na n'afọ 2020 ọ gbanwere na ọrụ sneaker oge niile, na-eguzobe ụlọ ọrụ ya Cestlavic . <ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> N'oge ọrịa COVID-19, Vuong jiri mgbasa ozi mmekọrịta kesaa usoro okike ya ma soro ndị na-ege ntị zuru ụwa ọnụ na-emekọrịta ihe.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|date=August 30, 2024|title=How this scientist followed her artistic dreams creating sneakers|url=https://www.today.com/video/how-scientist-vicky-vuong-built-a-custom-shoe-brand-218310725569|accessdate=2024-11-29|work=[[Today (American TV program)|Today]]|language=en|archivedate=2024-12-07|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20241207124004/https://www.today.com/video/how-scientist-vicky-vuong-built-a-custom-shoe-brand-218310725569}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://www.today.com/video/how-scientist-vicky-vuong-built-a-custom-shoe-brand-218310725569 "How this scientist followed her artistic dreams creating sneakers"]. ''[[Today (American TV program)|Today]]''. August 30, 2024. [https://web.archive.org/web/20241207124004/https://www.today.com/video/how-scientist-vicky-vuong-built-a-custom-shoe-brand-218310725569 Archived] from the original on 2024-12-07<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-11-29</span></span>.</cite></ref> Ọ rụkọtara ọrụ na ụdị ndị dị ka Froot Loops, eBay, Microsoft, Xbox, na Allbirds, ma soro ndị ahịa gụnyere ndị na-eme egwuregwu dị ka Cooper Kupp na Stephen Curry, na ndị mmadụ dị ka Viola Davis.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1">{{Cite web|author=Beach|first=Charlotte|date=2022-08-17|title=Sneaker Artist Vicky Vuong Puts Her Best Foot Forward By Hand-Painting Nikes|url=https://www.printmag.com/designer-interviews/vicky-vuong/|accessdate=2024-11-29|work=PRINT Magazine|language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFBeach2022">Beach, Charlotte (2022-08-17). [https://www.printmag.com/designer-interviews/vicky-vuong/ "Sneaker Artist Vicky Vuong Puts Her Best Foot Forward By Hand-Painting Nikes"]. ''PRINT Magazine''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-11-29</span></span>.</cite></ref> E gosipụtara akpụkpọ ụkwụ ya na ebe ngosi ihe mgbe ochie nke Toronto, Bata Shoe Museum . <ref name=":0" /> Vuong na onye na-ese sneaker ibe ya bụ Ann Duskus nwekọrọ otu studio na San Francisco na 2021. Ha kwadebere oghere ahụ dị ka ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe na ihe omimi.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Margolies|first=Jane|date=March 21, 2023|title=Designing Their Own Studios to Meet Demand for Content|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2023/03/21/business/office-production-studios-content-creation.html|accessdate=2024-11-29|work=New York Times}}</ref> Vuong na-akwado Podcast Best Foot Forward, ebe ọ na-atụle ihe ịma aka ndị na-ese ihe na-eche ihu na ụlọ ọrụ sneaker.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|author=Beach|first=Charlotte|date=2022-08-17|title=Sneaker Artist Vicky Vuong Puts Her Best Foot Forward By Hand-Painting Nikes|url=https://www.printmag.com/designer-interviews/vicky-vuong/|accessdate=2024-11-29|work=PRINT Magazine|language=en-US}}</ref> == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] sd0bqcjlczmxrxsa0fv873mmg0f9u8o 644394 644393 2026-05-30T22:37:56Z Sayvhior 13464 /* Ọrụ */ 644394 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Vicky Vuong''' Nwoke Canada bụ onye bụbu ọkà mmụta sayensị ma bụrụ ugbu a ọkachamara n'ịkụ akpụkpọ ụkwụ eji aka eme ihe. Ọ kpebiri ịgbanwee ọrụ ya gaa n'ịkụ akpụkpọ ụkwụ. == Oge ọ malitere == <ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> Vuong mụrụ na Canada, n'aka ndị mụrụ ya bụ ndị kwabatara si China. N'oge ọ na-agụ akwụkwọ, Vuong malitere ịmata na o nwere mmasị na nka. Otu ezumike ezinụlọ, ọ gbanwere akpụkpọ ụkwụ abụọ site n’iji akara ákwà mee ha, nke mere ka uche ya gbanwee ma kpalie mmasị ya n'ịkụ akpụkpọ ụkwụ. == Ọrụ == N'afọ 2014, Vuong rere akpụkpọ ụkwụ mbụ ya mgbe ọ na-eme ka nka ya na ọrụ sayensị ya dị mma.<ref name=":0" /> Na mbụ na-arụ ọrụ site na ụlọ ya dị n'okpuru ala, ọ ji nwayọọ nwayọọ wuo ndị ahịa ma nweta nlebara anya n'ịntanetị maka atụmatụ ya.<ref name=":1" /> Azụmaahịa ya n'akụkụ mechara nweta ọganihu zuru oke nke na n'afọ 2020 ọ gbanwere na ọrụ sneaker oge niile, na-eguzobe ụlọ ọrụ ya Cestlavic . <ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> N'oge ọrịa COVID-19, Vuong jiri mgbasa ozi mmekọrịta kesaa usoro okike ya ma soro ndị na-ege ntị zuru ụwa ọnụ na-emekọrịta ihe.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|date=August 30, 2024|title=How this scientist followed her artistic dreams creating sneakers|url=https://www.today.com/video/how-scientist-vicky-vuong-built-a-custom-shoe-brand-218310725569|accessdate=2024-11-29|work=[[Today (American TV program)|Today]]|language=en|archivedate=2024-12-07|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20241207124004/https://www.today.com/video/how-scientist-vicky-vuong-built-a-custom-shoe-brand-218310725569}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://www.today.com/video/how-scientist-vicky-vuong-built-a-custom-shoe-brand-218310725569 "How this scientist followed her artistic dreams creating sneakers"]. ''[[Today (American TV program)|Today]]''. August 30, 2024. [https://web.archive.org/web/20241207124004/https://www.today.com/video/how-scientist-vicky-vuong-built-a-custom-shoe-brand-218310725569 Archived] from the original on 2024-12-07<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-11-29</span></span>.</cite></ref> Ọ rụkọtara ọrụ na ụdị ndị dị ka Froot Loops, eBay, Microsoft, Xbox, na Allbirds, ma soro ndị ahịa gụnyere ndị na-eme egwuregwu dị ka Cooper Kupp na Stephen Curry, na ndị mmadụ dị ka Viola Davis.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> E gosipụtara akpụkpọ ụkwụ ya na ebe ngosi ihe mgbe ochie nke Toronto, Bata Shoe Museum . <ref name=":0" /> Vuong na onye na-ese sneaker ibe ya bụ Ann Duskus nwekọrọ otu studio na San Francisco na 2021. Ha kwadebere oghere ahụ dị ka ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe na ihe omimi.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Margolies|first=Jane|date=March 21, 2023|title=Designing Their Own Studios to Meet Demand for Content|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2023/03/21/business/office-production-studios-content-creation.html|accessdate=2024-11-29|work=New York Times}}</ref> Vuong na-akwado Podcast Best Foot Forward, ebe ọ na-atụle ihe ịma aka ndị na-ese ihe na-eche ihu na ụlọ ọrụ sneaker.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|author=Beach|first=Charlotte|date=2022-08-17|title=Sneaker Artist Vicky Vuong Puts Her Best Foot Forward By Hand-Painting Nikes|url=https://www.printmag.com/designer-interviews/vicky-vuong/|accessdate=2024-11-29|work=PRINT Magazine|language=en-US}}</ref> == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] fagpfthhgriu69c3gpv58xvpbonyozk 0 65576 644198 641235 2026-05-30T19:31:25Z Wikipedian12512(alt) 61413 ce 644198 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Eliane Ubalijoro''' bụ ọkà mmụta sayensị na onye isi nke Rwanda-Canada. Ọ bụ ọkachamara na mmepe na-adigide yana atụmatụ ahụike zuru ụwa ọnụ.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Eliane Ubalijoro - CIFOR-ICRAF Chief Executive Officer and ICRAF Director General (DG)|url=https://www.cifor-icraf.org/research-staff/G609-467-817-467-325/Eliane%20Ubalijoro/|accessdate=2025-08-17|work=CIFOR-ICRAF|language=en}}</ref>   == Ndụ mbido na agụmakwụkwọ == A mụrụ ya na Rwanda na afọ 1972 <ref>{{Cite web|author=Tang|first=Ming Chun|date=2023-08-02|title=Éliane Ubalijoro: "The lungs of the planet are here in Africa"|url=https://thinklandscape.globallandscapesforum.org/62332/eliane-ubalijoro-the-lungs-of-the-planet-are-here-in-africa/|accessdate=2025-08-20|work=#ThinkLandscape|language=en-US}}</ref>.O nwetara PHD ya na Molecular Genetics na Mahadum McGill.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Eliane Ubalijoro - CIFOR-ICRAF Chief Executive Officer and ICRAF Director General (DG)|url=https://www.cifor-icraf.org/research-staff/G609-467-817-467-325/Eliane%20Ubalijoro/|accessdate=2025-08-17|work=CIFOR-ICRAF|language=en}}</ref>O nwere nzụlite na Ọrụ ugbo na Molecular Genetics.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=Éliane Ubalijoro {{!}} CGIAR GENDER Impact Platform|url=https://gender.cgiar.org/experts/eliane-ubalijoro|accessdate=2025-08-20|work=CGIAR Gender Platform|language=en}}</ref> == Ọrụ == Ubalijoro na-eje ozi dị ka onye isi nchịkwa nke etiti maka [[International Forestry Reseacrh and World Agroforestry|International Forestry Research and World Agroforestry]](CIFOR-ICRAF), na-emeso ihe ịma aka gburugburu ebe obibi, nchekwa nri n'ụwa niile na nkwụsi ike ihu igwe.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Eliane Ubalijoro - CIFOR-ICRAF Chief Executive Officer and ICRAF Director General (DG)|url=https://www.cifor-icraf.org/research-staff/G609-467-817-467-325/Eliane%20Ubalijoro/|accessdate=2025-08-17|work=CIFOR-ICRAF|language=en}}</ref> Ubalijoro bụ nwanyị Africa mbụ onye isi ụlọ ọrụ nyocha CGIAR .<ref>{{Cite web|title=News: CIFOR-ICRAF announces Dr Eliane Ubalijoro as Chief Executive Officer|url=https://www.globallandscapesforum.org/glf-news/cifor-icraf-announces-dr-eliane-ubalijoro-as-chief-executive-officer/|accessdate=2025-08-20|work=Global Landscapes Forum|language=en-US}}</ref>Ọ bụ onye isi nchịkwa na-adịgide adịgide na Digital Age yana onye isi ụlọ ọrụ Canada maka ụwa n'ọdịnihu site na 2021 ruo Machị afọ 2023. N'otu ụlọ ọrụ biotechnology nke dabeere na Montreal, ọ bụ onye nduzi sayensị. Ubalijoro mekwara ụfọdụ ọrụ ndụmọdụ na Haiti na Africa gbasara mmepe akụ na ụba na-adịgide adịgide na-eto eto.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=Éliane Ubalijoro {{!}} CGIAR GENDER Impact Platform|url=https://gender.cgiar.org/experts/eliane-ubalijoro|accessdate=2025-08-20|work=CGIAR Gender Platform|language=en}}</ref> Na kwa onye ndụmọdụ maka Innovation Partnership.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|title=DR ELIANE UBALIJORO|url=https://www.ducerefoundation.org/ducere-glf-member/dr-eliane-ubalijoro|accessdate=2025-08-20|work=Ducere Foundation|language=en-AU}}</ref> Eliane Ubalijoro abụrụla Prọfesọ nke Omume maka Mmekọrịta ngalaba Ọha na eze na Mahadum McGill maka ọmụmụ ihe mmepe mba ụwa kemgbe afọ 2008.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|title=Eliane Ubalijoro {{!}} Future Earth|url=https://futureearth.org/contacts/eliane-ubalijoro/|accessdate=2025-08-20|language=en-US}}</ref>Ọ na-eje ozi na Gates Foundation Grand Challenges in Global Health Phase 2 project dị ka onye njikwa ọrụ. Ọ bụbu onye enyemaka Prọfesọ na ngalaba nke Agriculture na Environmental Sciences na McGill.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|title=DR ELIANE UBALIJORO|url=https://www.ducerefoundation.org/ducere-glf-member/dr-eliane-ubalijoro|accessdate=2025-08-20|work=Ducere Foundation|language=en-AU}}</ref> Na ọnwa Septemba afọ 2019 ọ sonyeere Global Open Data in Agriculture (GODAN) ebe ọ jere ozi dị ka osote onye isi nchịkwa nke mmemme.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-01-23|title=Eliane Ubalijoro – Next Einstein Forum|url=https://nef.org/fr/person/eliane-ubalijoro/|accessdate=2025-08-20|language=fr-FR}}</ref> === Ndị otu ama ama === * [https://gasp.world/ Global Alliance for a Sustainable Planet] (Onye otu Board Advisory mmetụta) <ref>{{Cite web|title=Éliane Ubalijoro|url=https://theclimatecenter.org/about/people/eliane-ubalijoro/|accessdate=2025-08-20|work=The Climate Center|language=en-US}}</ref> * Rwanda's National Science and Technology Council (onye otu)<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=Éliane Ubalijoro {{!}} CGIAR GENDER Impact Platform|url=https://gender.cgiar.org/experts/eliane-ubalijoro|accessdate=2025-08-20|work=CGIAR Gender Platform|language=en}}</ref> * Council ndụmọdụ Onye isi ala maka Onye isi ala Rwandan Paul Kagame (onye otu kemgbe 2007) * Otu ndị ọkachamara na ndụmọdụ gbasara COVID-19 emetụtara maka nyocha Genomics (onye otu) * Ọkachamara Global Community Bank na African Development Bank na atụmatụ nzaghachi COVID-19 (onye otu) * Capitals Coalition Supervisory Board (member) * Earth Leadership Program Advisory Board (member) * Advisory Boards of ShEquity and Orango Investment Corporation (member) * Boards of Genome Canada and the Crop Trust (member)<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|title=Eliane Ubalijoro {{!}} Future Earth|url=https://futureearth.org/contacts/eliane-ubalijoro/|accessdate=2025-08-20|language=en-US}}</ref> * FemStep(member)<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|title=DR ELIANE UBALIJORO|url=https://www.ducerefoundation.org/ducere-glf-member/dr-eliane-ubalijoro|accessdate=2025-08-20|work=Ducere Foundation|language=en-AU}}</ref> == Ọrụ ama ama == Ọ bụ onye isi nchịkwa na onye guzobere C.L.E.A.R International Development Inc.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|title=DR ELIANE UBALIJORO|url=https://www.ducerefoundation.org/ducere-glf-member/dr-eliane-ubalijoro|accessdate=2025-08-20|work=Ducere Foundation|language=en-AU}}</ref> == Nnabata == Ọ natara ihe nrite 2022 International Leadership Association maka omume pụtara ìhè na ụmụ nwanyị na onye ndu. A họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ onye otu ndị otu International Science Council na-asọpụrụ onyinye ya maka ịkwalite sayensị dịka ọhaneze zuru ụwa ọnụ.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Welcoming Dr. Éliane Ubalijoro|url=https://iufro2024.com/welcoming-dr-eliane-ubalijoro/|accessdate=2025-08-20|work=IUFRO Stockholm 2024|language=en-US}}</ref> == Akwụkwọ ahọpụtara == * {{Cite journal|author=Dufresne|first=Philippe J|date=1 September 2008|title=Arabidopsis thaliana class II poly (A)-binding proteins are required for efficient multiplication of turnip mosaic virus|journal=[[Journal of General Virology]]|volume=89|issue=9|pages=2339–2348|doi=10.1099/vir.0.2008/002139-0|pmid=18753244}} * {{Cite journal|author=Dufresne|first=Philippe J.|date=25 April 2008|title=Heat shock 70 protein interaction with Turnip mosaic virus RNA-dependent RNA polymerase within virus-induced membrane vesicles|journal=Virology|volume=374|issue=1|pages=217–227|doi=10.1016/j.virol.2007.12.014|pmid=18222516}} == Edensibia == {{Reflist}}{{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Ravelomanantsoa, Eliane}} [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] i0biil17rtm26l8f8zw72zt9y9qi7gy 644199 644198 2026-05-30T19:31:34Z Wikipedian12512(alt) 61413 ce 644199 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Eliane Ubalijoro''' bụ ọkà mmụta sayensị na onye isi nke Rwanda-Canada. Ọ bụ ọkachamara na mmepe na-adigide yana atụmatụ ahụike zuru ụwa ọnụ.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Eliane Ubalijoro - CIFOR-ICRAF Chief Executive Officer and ICRAF Director General (DG)|url=https://www.cifor-icraf.org/research-staff/G609-467-817-467-325/Eliane%20Ubalijoro/|accessdate=2025-08-17|work=CIFOR-ICRAF|language=en}}</ref>   == Ndụ mbido na agụmakwụkwọ == A mụrụ ya na Rwanda na afọ 1972 <ref>{{Cite web|author=Tang|first=Ming Chun|date=2023-08-02|title=Éliane Ubalijoro: "The lungs of the planet are here in Africa"|url=https://thinklandscape.globallandscapesforum.org/62332/eliane-ubalijoro-the-lungs-of-the-planet-are-here-in-africa/|accessdate=2025-08-20|work=#ThinkLandscape|language=en-US}}</ref>.O nwetara PHD ya na Molecular Genetics na Mahadum McGill.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Eliane Ubalijoro - CIFOR-ICRAF Chief Executive Officer and ICRAF Director General (DG)|url=https://www.cifor-icraf.org/research-staff/G609-467-817-467-325/Eliane%20Ubalijoro/|accessdate=2025-08-17|work=CIFOR-ICRAF|language=en}}</ref>O nwere nzụlite na Ọrụ ugbo na Molecular Genetics.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=Éliane Ubalijoro {{!}} CGIAR GENDER Impact Platform|url=https://gender.cgiar.org/experts/eliane-ubalijoro|accessdate=2025-08-20|work=CGIAR Gender Platform|language=en}}</ref> == Ọrụ == Ubalijoro na-eje ozi dị ka onye isi nchịkwa nke etiti maka [[International Forestry Reseacrh and World Agroforestry|International Forestry Research and World Agroforestry]] (CIFOR-ICRAF), na-emeso ihe ịma aka gburugburu ebe obibi, nchekwa nri n'ụwa niile na nkwụsi ike ihu igwe.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Eliane Ubalijoro - CIFOR-ICRAF Chief Executive Officer and ICRAF Director General (DG)|url=https://www.cifor-icraf.org/research-staff/G609-467-817-467-325/Eliane%20Ubalijoro/|accessdate=2025-08-17|work=CIFOR-ICRAF|language=en}}</ref> Ubalijoro bụ nwanyị Africa mbụ onye isi ụlọ ọrụ nyocha CGIAR .<ref>{{Cite web|title=News: CIFOR-ICRAF announces Dr Eliane Ubalijoro as Chief Executive Officer|url=https://www.globallandscapesforum.org/glf-news/cifor-icraf-announces-dr-eliane-ubalijoro-as-chief-executive-officer/|accessdate=2025-08-20|work=Global Landscapes Forum|language=en-US}}</ref>Ọ bụ onye isi nchịkwa na-adịgide adịgide na Digital Age yana onye isi ụlọ ọrụ Canada maka ụwa n'ọdịnihu site na 2021 ruo Machị afọ 2023. N'otu ụlọ ọrụ biotechnology nke dabeere na Montreal, ọ bụ onye nduzi sayensị. Ubalijoro mekwara ụfọdụ ọrụ ndụmọdụ na Haiti na Africa gbasara mmepe akụ na ụba na-adịgide adịgide na-eto eto.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=Éliane Ubalijoro {{!}} CGIAR GENDER Impact Platform|url=https://gender.cgiar.org/experts/eliane-ubalijoro|accessdate=2025-08-20|work=CGIAR Gender Platform|language=en}}</ref> Na kwa onye ndụmọdụ maka Innovation Partnership.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|title=DR ELIANE UBALIJORO|url=https://www.ducerefoundation.org/ducere-glf-member/dr-eliane-ubalijoro|accessdate=2025-08-20|work=Ducere Foundation|language=en-AU}}</ref> Eliane Ubalijoro abụrụla Prọfesọ nke Omume maka Mmekọrịta ngalaba Ọha na eze na Mahadum McGill maka ọmụmụ ihe mmepe mba ụwa kemgbe afọ 2008.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|title=Eliane Ubalijoro {{!}} Future Earth|url=https://futureearth.org/contacts/eliane-ubalijoro/|accessdate=2025-08-20|language=en-US}}</ref>Ọ na-eje ozi na Gates Foundation Grand Challenges in Global Health Phase 2 project dị ka onye njikwa ọrụ. Ọ bụbu onye enyemaka Prọfesọ na ngalaba nke Agriculture na Environmental Sciences na McGill.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|title=DR ELIANE UBALIJORO|url=https://www.ducerefoundation.org/ducere-glf-member/dr-eliane-ubalijoro|accessdate=2025-08-20|work=Ducere Foundation|language=en-AU}}</ref> Na ọnwa Septemba afọ 2019 ọ sonyeere Global Open Data in Agriculture (GODAN) ebe ọ jere ozi dị ka osote onye isi nchịkwa nke mmemme.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-01-23|title=Eliane Ubalijoro – Next Einstein Forum|url=https://nef.org/fr/person/eliane-ubalijoro/|accessdate=2025-08-20|language=fr-FR}}</ref> === Ndị otu ama ama === * [https://gasp.world/ Global Alliance for a Sustainable Planet] (Onye otu Board Advisory mmetụta) <ref>{{Cite web|title=Éliane Ubalijoro|url=https://theclimatecenter.org/about/people/eliane-ubalijoro/|accessdate=2025-08-20|work=The Climate Center|language=en-US}}</ref> * Rwanda's National Science and Technology Council (onye otu)<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=Éliane Ubalijoro {{!}} CGIAR GENDER Impact Platform|url=https://gender.cgiar.org/experts/eliane-ubalijoro|accessdate=2025-08-20|work=CGIAR Gender Platform|language=en}}</ref> * Council ndụmọdụ Onye isi ala maka Onye isi ala Rwandan Paul Kagame (onye otu kemgbe 2007) * Otu ndị ọkachamara na ndụmọdụ gbasara COVID-19 emetụtara maka nyocha Genomics (onye otu) * Ọkachamara Global Community Bank na African Development Bank na atụmatụ nzaghachi COVID-19 (onye otu) * Capitals Coalition Supervisory Board (member) * Earth Leadership Program Advisory Board (member) * Advisory Boards of ShEquity and Orango Investment Corporation (member) * Boards of Genome Canada and the Crop Trust (member)<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|title=Eliane Ubalijoro {{!}} Future Earth|url=https://futureearth.org/contacts/eliane-ubalijoro/|accessdate=2025-08-20|language=en-US}}</ref> * FemStep(member)<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|title=DR ELIANE UBALIJORO|url=https://www.ducerefoundation.org/ducere-glf-member/dr-eliane-ubalijoro|accessdate=2025-08-20|work=Ducere Foundation|language=en-AU}}</ref> == Ọrụ ama ama == Ọ bụ onye isi nchịkwa na onye guzobere C.L.E.A.R International Development Inc.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|title=DR ELIANE UBALIJORO|url=https://www.ducerefoundation.org/ducere-glf-member/dr-eliane-ubalijoro|accessdate=2025-08-20|work=Ducere Foundation|language=en-AU}}</ref> == Nnabata == Ọ natara ihe nrite 2022 International Leadership Association maka omume pụtara ìhè na ụmụ nwanyị na onye ndu. A họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ onye otu ndị otu International Science Council na-asọpụrụ onyinye ya maka ịkwalite sayensị dịka ọhaneze zuru ụwa ọnụ.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Welcoming Dr. Éliane Ubalijoro|url=https://iufro2024.com/welcoming-dr-eliane-ubalijoro/|accessdate=2025-08-20|work=IUFRO Stockholm 2024|language=en-US}}</ref> == Akwụkwọ ahọpụtara == * {{Cite journal|author=Dufresne|first=Philippe J|date=1 September 2008|title=Arabidopsis thaliana class II poly (A)-binding proteins are required for efficient multiplication of turnip mosaic virus|journal=[[Journal of General Virology]]|volume=89|issue=9|pages=2339–2348|doi=10.1099/vir.0.2008/002139-0|pmid=18753244}} * {{Cite journal|author=Dufresne|first=Philippe J.|date=25 April 2008|title=Heat shock 70 protein interaction with Turnip mosaic virus RNA-dependent RNA polymerase within virus-induced membrane vesicles|journal=Virology|volume=374|issue=1|pages=217–227|doi=10.1016/j.virol.2007.12.014|pmid=18222516}} == Edensibia == {{Reflist}}{{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Ravelomanantsoa, Eliane}} [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] ry46xg3od0s3lhad1yjlfcxubjn1m11 644200 644199 2026-05-30T19:31:44Z Wikipedian12512(alt) 61413 ce 644200 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Eliane Ubalijoro''' bụ ọkà mmụta sayensị na onye isi nke Rwanda-Canada. Ọ bụ ọkachamara na mmepe na-adigide yana atụmatụ ahụike zuru ụwa ọnụ.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Eliane Ubalijoro - CIFOR-ICRAF Chief Executive Officer and ICRAF Director General (DG)|url=https://www.cifor-icraf.org/research-staff/G609-467-817-467-325/Eliane%20Ubalijoro/|accessdate=2025-08-17|work=CIFOR-ICRAF|language=en}}</ref>   == Ndụ mbido na agụmakwụkwọ == A mụrụ ya na Rwanda na afọ 1972 <ref>{{Cite web|author=Tang|first=Ming Chun|date=2023-08-02|title=Éliane Ubalijoro: "The lungs of the planet are here in Africa"|url=https://thinklandscape.globallandscapesforum.org/62332/eliane-ubalijoro-the-lungs-of-the-planet-are-here-in-africa/|accessdate=2025-08-20|work=#ThinkLandscape|language=en-US}}</ref>.O nwetara PHD ya na Molecular Genetics na Mahadum McGill.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Eliane Ubalijoro - CIFOR-ICRAF Chief Executive Officer and ICRAF Director General (DG)|url=https://www.cifor-icraf.org/research-staff/G609-467-817-467-325/Eliane%20Ubalijoro/|accessdate=2025-08-17|work=CIFOR-ICRAF|language=en}}</ref> O nwere nzụlite na Ọrụ ugbo na Molecular Genetics.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=Éliane Ubalijoro {{!}} CGIAR GENDER Impact Platform|url=https://gender.cgiar.org/experts/eliane-ubalijoro|accessdate=2025-08-20|work=CGIAR Gender Platform|language=en}}</ref> == Ọrụ == Ubalijoro na-eje ozi dị ka onye isi nchịkwa nke etiti maka [[International Forestry Reseacrh and World Agroforestry|International Forestry Research and World Agroforestry]] (CIFOR-ICRAF), na-emeso ihe ịma aka gburugburu ebe obibi, nchekwa nri n'ụwa niile na nkwụsi ike ihu igwe.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Eliane Ubalijoro - CIFOR-ICRAF Chief Executive Officer and ICRAF Director General (DG)|url=https://www.cifor-icraf.org/research-staff/G609-467-817-467-325/Eliane%20Ubalijoro/|accessdate=2025-08-17|work=CIFOR-ICRAF|language=en}}</ref> Ubalijoro bụ nwanyị Africa mbụ onye isi ụlọ ọrụ nyocha CGIAR .<ref>{{Cite web|title=News: CIFOR-ICRAF announces Dr Eliane Ubalijoro as Chief Executive Officer|url=https://www.globallandscapesforum.org/glf-news/cifor-icraf-announces-dr-eliane-ubalijoro-as-chief-executive-officer/|accessdate=2025-08-20|work=Global Landscapes Forum|language=en-US}}</ref>Ọ bụ onye isi nchịkwa na-adịgide adịgide na Digital Age yana onye isi ụlọ ọrụ Canada maka ụwa n'ọdịnihu site na 2021 ruo Machị afọ 2023. N'otu ụlọ ọrụ biotechnology nke dabeere na Montreal, ọ bụ onye nduzi sayensị. Ubalijoro mekwara ụfọdụ ọrụ ndụmọdụ na Haiti na Africa gbasara mmepe akụ na ụba na-adịgide adịgide na-eto eto.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=Éliane Ubalijoro {{!}} CGIAR GENDER Impact Platform|url=https://gender.cgiar.org/experts/eliane-ubalijoro|accessdate=2025-08-20|work=CGIAR Gender Platform|language=en}}</ref> Na kwa onye ndụmọdụ maka Innovation Partnership.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|title=DR ELIANE UBALIJORO|url=https://www.ducerefoundation.org/ducere-glf-member/dr-eliane-ubalijoro|accessdate=2025-08-20|work=Ducere Foundation|language=en-AU}}</ref> Eliane Ubalijoro abụrụla Prọfesọ nke Omume maka Mmekọrịta ngalaba Ọha na eze na Mahadum McGill maka ọmụmụ ihe mmepe mba ụwa kemgbe afọ 2008.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|title=Eliane Ubalijoro {{!}} Future Earth|url=https://futureearth.org/contacts/eliane-ubalijoro/|accessdate=2025-08-20|language=en-US}}</ref>Ọ na-eje ozi na Gates Foundation Grand Challenges in Global Health Phase 2 project dị ka onye njikwa ọrụ. Ọ bụbu onye enyemaka Prọfesọ na ngalaba nke Agriculture na Environmental Sciences na McGill.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|title=DR ELIANE UBALIJORO|url=https://www.ducerefoundation.org/ducere-glf-member/dr-eliane-ubalijoro|accessdate=2025-08-20|work=Ducere Foundation|language=en-AU}}</ref> Na ọnwa Septemba afọ 2019 ọ sonyeere Global Open Data in Agriculture (GODAN) ebe ọ jere ozi dị ka osote onye isi nchịkwa nke mmemme.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-01-23|title=Eliane Ubalijoro – Next Einstein Forum|url=https://nef.org/fr/person/eliane-ubalijoro/|accessdate=2025-08-20|language=fr-FR}}</ref> === Ndị otu ama ama === * [https://gasp.world/ Global Alliance for a Sustainable Planet] (Onye otu Board Advisory mmetụta) <ref>{{Cite web|title=Éliane Ubalijoro|url=https://theclimatecenter.org/about/people/eliane-ubalijoro/|accessdate=2025-08-20|work=The Climate Center|language=en-US}}</ref> * Rwanda's National Science and Technology Council (onye otu)<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=Éliane Ubalijoro {{!}} CGIAR GENDER Impact Platform|url=https://gender.cgiar.org/experts/eliane-ubalijoro|accessdate=2025-08-20|work=CGIAR Gender Platform|language=en}}</ref> * Council ndụmọdụ Onye isi ala maka Onye isi ala Rwandan Paul Kagame (onye otu kemgbe 2007) * Otu ndị ọkachamara na ndụmọdụ gbasara COVID-19 emetụtara maka nyocha Genomics (onye otu) * Ọkachamara Global Community Bank na African Development Bank na atụmatụ nzaghachi COVID-19 (onye otu) * Capitals Coalition Supervisory Board (member) * Earth Leadership Program Advisory Board (member) * Advisory Boards of ShEquity and Orango Investment Corporation (member) * Boards of Genome Canada and the Crop Trust (member)<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|title=Eliane Ubalijoro {{!}} Future Earth|url=https://futureearth.org/contacts/eliane-ubalijoro/|accessdate=2025-08-20|language=en-US}}</ref> * FemStep(member)<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|title=DR ELIANE UBALIJORO|url=https://www.ducerefoundation.org/ducere-glf-member/dr-eliane-ubalijoro|accessdate=2025-08-20|work=Ducere Foundation|language=en-AU}}</ref> == Ọrụ ama ama == Ọ bụ onye isi nchịkwa na onye guzobere C.L.E.A.R International Development Inc.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|title=DR ELIANE UBALIJORO|url=https://www.ducerefoundation.org/ducere-glf-member/dr-eliane-ubalijoro|accessdate=2025-08-20|work=Ducere Foundation|language=en-AU}}</ref> == Nnabata == Ọ natara ihe nrite 2022 International Leadership Association maka omume pụtara ìhè na ụmụ nwanyị na onye ndu. A họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ onye otu ndị otu International Science Council na-asọpụrụ onyinye ya maka ịkwalite sayensị dịka ọhaneze zuru ụwa ọnụ.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Welcoming Dr. Éliane Ubalijoro|url=https://iufro2024.com/welcoming-dr-eliane-ubalijoro/|accessdate=2025-08-20|work=IUFRO Stockholm 2024|language=en-US}}</ref> == Akwụkwọ ahọpụtara == * {{Cite journal|author=Dufresne|first=Philippe J|date=1 September 2008|title=Arabidopsis thaliana class II poly (A)-binding proteins are required for efficient multiplication of turnip mosaic virus|journal=[[Journal of General Virology]]|volume=89|issue=9|pages=2339–2348|doi=10.1099/vir.0.2008/002139-0|pmid=18753244}} * {{Cite journal|author=Dufresne|first=Philippe J.|date=25 April 2008|title=Heat shock 70 protein interaction with Turnip mosaic virus RNA-dependent RNA polymerase within virus-induced membrane vesicles|journal=Virology|volume=374|issue=1|pages=217–227|doi=10.1016/j.virol.2007.12.014|pmid=18222516}} == Edensibia == {{Reflist}}{{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Ravelomanantsoa, Eliane}} [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] gpgu8r7ftq97rafijlwcrj6sje9m6bp 0 65708 644367 452553 2026-05-30T22:08:39Z Iwuala chisom 17246 Added {{DEFAULTSORT}} 644367 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elizardo Sánchez Santa Cruz-Pacheco''' (Santiago de Cuba, 29 June 1944) bụ onye bụbu prọfesọ [[Ákọ na Uche|nkà ihe ọmụma]] na Mahadum nke Havana, <ref name="elizardoAI1"/>onye isi oche nke Cuban Commission for National Reconciliation and Human Rights (CCDHRN), otu òtù na-ahụ maka [[Ikike mmadụ|Ihe ndị ruuru mmadụ]] nke e guzobere na 1987 nke a nabatara ọrụ ya n'ụwa niile site n'inweta ihe nrite Human Rights Watch na 1991 na ihe nrite nke Human Rights nke [[France|French Republic]] na 1996. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Agir Ensemble pour les Droits de l’Homme|date=2000|title=CCDHRN Comisión Cubana de Derechos y Reconciliación Nacional|url=http://www.aedh.org/new_es/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=91:ccdhrn&catid=35:soutien-et-protection-des-victimes&Itemid=59|accessdate=25 May 2013|language=es, fr|archivedate=14 March 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140314030314/http://www.aedh.org/new_es/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=91:ccdhrn&catid=35:soutien-et-protection-des-victimes&Itemid=59}}</ref> onye otu kansụl nhazi nke Cuban Patriotic Union, [1] [2] nke Ngalaba Ọchịchị United States kọwara dị ka "otu kachasị na mmegide Cuba", [3] nzukọ a na-agbaso mmegide udo na mmegide nke nnwere onwe obodo na Cuba.<ref name="Sobre UNPACU: la creación de UNPACU">{{Cite journal|title=Sobre UNPACU: la creación de UNPACU|journal=Web Oficial Unión Patriótica de Cuba|url=http://www.unpacu.org/acerca-de/sobre-unpacu/|accessdate=22 May 2013}}</ref> Dị ka onye mgbagha ama ama na onye na-akwado ikike mmadụ na Cuba, ekwupụtala ya ọtụtụ oge ịbụ onye mkpọrọ nke akọ na uche kemgbe 1989.[1][2] Ọ bụrụla ihe karịrị afọ iri atọ akwụkwọ ntụaka zuru ụwa ọnụ maka òtù ndị ruuru mmadụ na ndị nta akụkọ mba ụwa banyere ọnọdụ ikike mmadụ na mba agwaetiti ahụ na ọnọdụ ndị mkpọrọ nke akọ na uche.<ref name="ElizardoAI2">{{Cite journal|year=1989–2013|title=24 Documentos de Amnistía Internacional sobre Elizardo Sánchez|url=http://www.amnesty.org/es/ai_search?keywords=elizardo%20s%C3%A1nchez&op=Buscar&form_id=search_theme_form&form_token=682f6bade51edc45d64541cd6c9b2712|journal=Amnistía Internacional|accessdate=25 May 2013}}</ref><ref name="CCDHRN-HRW1">{{Cite journal|year=2009–2013|title=Documentos de Human Rights Watch en que se cita como fuente al CCDHRN|url=http://www.hrw.org/es/search/apachesolr_search/%22Comisi%C3%B3n%20Cubana%20de%20Derechos%20Humanos%20y%20Reconciliaci%C3%B3n%20Nacional%22|journal=Human Rights Watch Reports|accessdate=25 May 2013}}</ref><ref name="ElizardoHRW1">{{Cite journal|date=June 2011|title=Cuba no debe continuar encarcelando a disidentes pacíficos|url=http://www.hrw.org/es/news/2011/06/01/cuba-no-debe-continuar-encarcelando-disidentes-pac-ficos|journal=Human Rights Watch|accessdate=25 May 2013}}</ref> == Akụkọ ndụ == === Onye mkpọrọ nke Akọnuche === Dị ka akụkọ Amnesty International nke afọ 1989 si kwuo, <ref name="elizardoAI1">{{Cite journal|date=August 1989|title=Legal concern: Professor Elizardo Sanchez Santa Cruz|url=http://www.amnesty.org/es/library/asset/AMR25/013/1989/es/829d4495-ee72-11dd-96f1-9fdd7e6f4873/amr250131989es.html|journal=Amnistía Internacional|volume=AMR 25/13/89/s|accessdate=25 May 2013}}</ref> Elizardo Sánches e jidere n'ọnwa Eprel afọ 1980 ma maa ya ikpe ịga mkpọrọ afọ isii, ebubo na ọ na-agbasa "mgbasa mgbasa ozi ndị iro". A tọhapụrụ ya na 29 Disemba 1985 mana e jidere ya ọzọ, ya na ndị otu CCDHRN abụọ ọzọ, na Septemba 1986 ma tụọ ya mkpọrọ n'ebughị ebubo ma ọ bụ ikpe ruo mgbe a tọhapụrụ ye na Mee 1987. <ref name="elizardoAI1" /> == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Sánchez, Elizardo}} [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 8vs8hazv2q0l77gar06csxdsioswyah 0 65733 644230 452638 2026-05-30T19:41:16Z Wikipedian12512(alt) 61413 ce 644230 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Anne Elizabeth Ball''' (1808 – 1872) bụ onye Irish botanist, onye na-amu amu algologist, na onye na-egosi ihe ọkụkụ. Amụrụ na Cobh 1808, Ball bụ nwanne nwanyị Robert Ball na ọkà mmụta anụmanụ Mary Ball (1812–1898). Ụmụnne ndị ahụ nwere mmasị na akụkọ ihe mere eme sitere n'ọchịchọ nke nna ha, Bob Stawell Ball.<ref name="bdws" /> == Ihe ndị mere n'oge gara aga == Na 1818, Anne Ball si n'ebe amụrụ ya Cobh kwaga Youghal, obodo ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri ọzọ dị na County Cork, ya na ezinụlọ ya na ọ bụ ebe a ka Ball, na mmalite nke iri abụọ na ụma, malitere ịnakọta na mụọ algae mmiri. Na 1837, nwanne ya nwanyị na nna ya si na Cork pụọ gaa Dublin, bụ ebe o biri ruo mgbe ọ nwụrụ. Anne gara n'ihu na-anakọta algae ya na Dublin na, ọ bụ ezie na ọ bụghị onye so na ọha sayensị Dublin, Anne kwadoro onwe ya dị ka ọkà mmụta algologist na-aga nke ọma.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.irishexaminer.com/lifestyle/outdoors/gardening/a-look-back-on-cobhs-horticultural-heroine-anne-elizabeth-ball-384404.html|title=A look back on Cobh's horticultural heroine, Anne Elizabeth Ball|author=Ó Nuallain|first=Fiann|date=27 February 2016|work=Irish Examiner|accessdate=27 August 2019}}</ref> Otú ọ dị, dị ka omenala dị n'oge ahụ, ndị nwoke na-ahụ maka ihe okike dị ka William Henry Harvey (enyi nwanne ya nwoke), [[James MacKay (explorer)|James Mackay]], na ndị ọzọ bipụtara ọrụ ya. Otú ọ dị, mmekọrịta ndị a abụghị nke otu akụkụ. William Harvey kwadoro ma gbaa ọrụ ya ume, na-akpọ ụdị ''Ballia'' na ụdị ''Cladophora balliana'' maka ya. Ball chịkọtara ihe atụ mbụ nke ''Cladophora balliana'' na 16 Mee 1843 na Clontarf.<ref>{{Cite book|author=Stevens|first=Catherine M. C. Haines with Helen M.|title=International Women in Science: A Biographical Dictionary to 1950|year=2001|publisher=ABC-CLIO|location=Santa Barbara, Calif. [u.a.]|isbn=978-1-57607-090-1|chapterurl=https://books.google.com/books?id=HftdjMNDvwIC&q=Anne%20Elizabeth%20Ball&pg=PA17|chapter=Ball, Anne Elizabeth|url=https://archive.org/details/internationalwom00hain/page/17}}</ref> Ha rụkọkwara ọrụ na Harvey's ''Phycology Britannica'' (1846-1851). Ball nyekwara aka na ihe osise nke hydroids na William Thompson ma bipụta ha na mpịakọta nke anọ nke The Natural History of Ireland na 1856. == Ihe Nketa == Ball nwụrụ n'ụlọ na Belmont Avenue, Dublin, na 1872. E mechara tinye ihe ndị ọ chịkọtara na herbaria na Mahadum College Cork; na Royal (mgbe e mesịrị Irish National) Botanic Gardens, Glasnevin, nke nwetara ihe osise ya nke ahịhịa na fungi; na Ulster Museum; na akwụkwọ ozi ya na osisi ya na Kew Gardens O yikarịrị ka e wegara ihe ndị e debere na Kew Garden na Natural History Museum, London n'ihe dị ka 1961 n'okpuru usoro nke Morton Agreement.<ref name="bdws">{{Cite book|title=The Biographical Dictionary of Women in Science: Pioneering Lives From Ancient Times to the Mid-20th Century|year=2000|publisher=Taylor & Francis US|pages=73|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QmfyK0QtsRAC&q=Anne+Elizabeth+Ball|author=Ogilvie, Marilyn|accessdate=19 October 2012|isbn=9780203801451}}</ref><ref name="jstor">{{Cite web|title=Ball, Anne Elizabeth (1808–1872)|url=http://plants.jstor.org/person/bm000393116|work=JStor Plant Science|accessdate=19 October 2012}}</ref> == Edemsibia == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * Ihe osise botanical nke Anne Elizabeth Ball, Botanical Society of the British Isles chịkọtara hyojzujy9jz1u9sawlm7mg8tzclxdeb 0 66158 644196 475332 2026-05-30T19:30:41Z Wikipedian12512(alt) 61413 ce 644196 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elena Paunero Ruiz''' (amụrụ 21 Septemba 1906 na Valladolid - 9 Maachị 2009 na Madrid) bụ onye Spain na-ahụ maka ahịhịa na agrostologist bụ ọkachamara na ahịhịa ahịhịa. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ ruo ọtụtụ afọ na Real Jardín Botánico de Madrid (Royal Botanical Garden of Madrid). == Oge ọ malitere == Elena Paunero Ruiz mụrụ na Valladolid. Ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ ma zụọ ya na Madrid, na-enweta nzere baccalaureate ya na Instituto de Enseñanza Secundaria San Isidro (IES San Isidro). Ọ ghọrọ onye otu Spanish Royal Society of Natural History na 1926 mgbe ọ dị afọ 20. O nwetara akara ugo mmụta doctorate na Mahadum Madrid na 1929 ebe o dere akwụkwọ ya na ihe ọkụkụ.<ref name="annales" /> == Ọrụ == N'afọ 1927, ọ sonyere na ngalaba ihe nkiri nke Real Jardín Botánico de Madrid. Dị ka onye nlekọta, ọ raara onwe ya nye n'ịmụ akwụkwọ ahịhịa Spanish. Na 1948 o kere agrostology laabu, ghọrọ onye isi nke ya. Ọ kụzikwaara na Mahadum Madrid site na 1940 na phytography na botanical geography na kwa, site na 1941 ruo 1949, na ihe ọkụkụ dị ndụ. Na 1962, Ruiz ghọrọ onye isi nke ngalaba Herbarium nke Ogige Botanical. <ref name="annales" />{{Cite journal|author=Valdés|first=B.|title=Dra. Elena Paunero Ruiz|journal=Anales del Jardín Botánico de Madrid|date=2009|volume=66|issue=1|pages=133-136|url=https://rjb.revistas.csic.es/index.php/rjb/article/view/314|accessdate=12 October 2021|language=Spanish|issn=1988-3196}} [[Category:CS1 Spanish-language sources (es)]] <nowiki></ref></nowiki> N'ịgbaso mgbanwe na onye nduzi na Botanical Garden, Ruiz (onye dị nso na onye nduji gara aga ma hụ ya dị ka "aka nri ya") chere na ọ naghị enwe ahụ iru ala na mgbanwe ndị e mere n'ogige ahụ. Nke a kpaliri ya ịla ezumike nká n'oge.<ref name="annales">{{Cite journal|author=Valdés|first=B.|title=Dra. Elena Paunero Ruiz|journal=Anales del Jardín Botánico de Madrid|date=2009|volume=66|issue=1|pages=133-136|url=https://rjb.revistas.csic.es/index.php/rjb/article/view/314|accessdate=12 October 2021|language=Spanish|issn=1988-3196}} [[Category:CS1 Spanish-language sources (es)]]</ref> == Ndụ onwe onye == Ọ lụrụ Clemente Sanz Rubert, onye so n'ihe mberede ụgbọala n'afọ 1940. Ruiz ketara ihe onwunwe di ya, nke nyere ya ohere itinye onwe ya na nyocha botanical. [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2022)">citation needed</span>]]''&#x5D;</sup> == Nchịkọta ==   == Akwụkwọ ndị e bipụtara == * Paunero, Elena 1953. Andropogoneas ndị Spen * Paunero, Elena 1956. Avenas ndị Spen * Paunero, Elena 1957. Agrostideas nke Spain Maka ndepụta zuru ezu nke akwụkwọ, lee P. Blanco & P. Montserrat. 2007. ′′Elena Paunero Ruiz, conservadora de Herbarios del Jardín Botánico de Madrid, centenaria. "Ọkụ. Akụkọ ihe mere eme Ahịhịa Ibero-Macar 8-9: 24–30. == Edemsibia == {{Reflist}}{{Authority control}} 2ywpaj0uy2wte7sxb543eday6quqvh4 0 66639 644315 515202 2026-05-30T21:00:09Z Geraldine Kene 23189 Fixed reference error 644315 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="infobox biography vcard" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;" |<div class="fn">Yvonne Choquet-Bruhat</div> |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-image" |[[File:Yvonne_Choquet_1974_(photo_B;_re-scanned_B,_de-bordered)_(cropped).jpg|alt=smiling mathematician Yvonne in 1974|frameless]]<div class="infobox-caption">Choquet-Bruhat na 1974</div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |A mụrụ ya | class="infobox-data" |<div class="nickname" style="display:inline">Yvonne Suzanne Marie-Louise Bruhat</div> <span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1923-12-29</span>)</span> 29 Disemba 1923<div class="birthplace" style="display:inline">[[Lille]], [[French Third Republic|France]]</div><br /><br /> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Nwụrụ | class="infobox-data" |11 Febụwarị 2025 <span style="display:none">(2025-02-11)</span> (afọ 101) <div class="deathplace" style="display:inline">[[Mérignac, Gironde|Mérignac]], France</div>&nbsp;<br /> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Alma mater&nbsp; | class="infobox-data" |<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"></templatestyles><div class="plainlist"> * Ụlọ akwụkwọ dị elu * CNRS </div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |A maara ya maka&nbsp; | class="infobox-data" |<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"></templatestyles><div class="plainlist"> * Ezigbo ọnọdụ nke vacuum Einstein EquationsNhazi nke Einstein </div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Ndị Di na Nwunye | class="infobox-data" |<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"></templatestyles><div class="plainlist"> * <templatestyles src="Template:Marriage/styles.css" /><div class="marriage-display-inline"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;margin-top:1px;white-space:normal;">Léonce Fourès</div> (nwụrụ n'afọ 1947; <abbr title="<nowiki&gt;divorced</nowiki&gt;">div.</abbr> 1960) &nbsp;&#x20;&nbsp;&#x5F;&#x5F;&#x69;&#x62;&#x6F;&#x5F;&#x5F;&#x5F;&#x5F;&#x69;&#x62;&#x6F;&#x5F;&#x5F;&#x5F;&#x5F;&#x69;&#x62;&#x6F;&#x5F;&#x5F;&#x20;&#x1ECC;&#x20;&#x62;&#x1EE5;&#x20;&#x65;&#x7A;&#x69;&#x65;&#x20;&#x6E;&#x61;&#x20;&#x1ECD;&#x20;&#x62;&#x1EE5;</div> * <templatestyles src="Template:Marriage/styles.css" /><div class="marriage-display-inline"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;">Gustave Choquet</div> (nwụrụ n'afọ 2006) &nbsp;&#x5F;&#x5F;&#x69;&#x62;&#x6F;&#x5F;&#x5F;&#x5F;&#x5F;&#x69;&#x62;&#x6F;&#x5F;&#x5F;&#x5F;&#x5F;&#x69;&#x62;&#x6F;&#x5F;&#x5F;&#x20;&#x1ECC;&#x20;&#x62;&#x1EE5;&#x20;&#x65;&#x7A;&#x69;&#x65;&#x20;&#x6E;&#x61;&#x20;&#x1ECD;&#x20;&#x62;&#x1EE5;</div> </div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Ụmụaka | class="infobox-data" |3, gụnyere Daniel |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Onyinye | class="infobox-data" |<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"></templatestyles><div class="plainlist"> * Onye Nnukwu Onye Agha nke Legion d'honneurNdị Agha Nsọpụrụ * A họpụtara ya na French Academy of SciencesỤlọ Akwụkwọ Sayensị nke France * A họpụtara ya na American Academy of Arts and Sciences </div> |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" |<templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles>'''Ọrụ sayensị''' |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Ubi | class="infobox-data category" |<templatestyles src="Hlist/styles.css"></templatestyles><div class="hlist"> * [[Ọmúmú-ónúọgụgụ|mgbakọ na mwepụ]] * [[Ọ̀mụ̀ntụdị|physics]] </div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Ụlọ ọrụ | class="infobox-data" |<span class="nowrap">Mahadum Pierre na Marie Curie</span> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Akwụkwọ edemede | class="infobox-data" |Theorema nke ịdị adị maka ụfọdụ usoro nke usoro nhazi nke na-abụghị ahịrị <span style="font-size:97%;">(1951)</span> &nbsp; |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Onye ndụmọdụ doctoral | class="infobox-data" |André Lichnerowicz |} '''Yvonne Choquet-Bruhat''' ( [ivɔn ʃɔkɛ bʁy.a] i; 29 Disemba 1923 - 11 Febụwarị 2025) bụ onye [[France]] na-eme mgbakọ na mwepụ yana onye physics. O mere ihe ntinye dị mkpa na ọmụmụ nke General Relativity, site n'igosi na enwere ike itinye usoro Nhazi nke Einstein (Einstein field Equations) n'ụdị Nsogbu uru mbụ nke edere nke ọma. N'afọ 2015, akwụkwọ akụkọ Classical and Quantum Gravity depụtara akwụkwọ I bipụtara e jiri mara ya dị ka otu n'ime ihe iri na atọ 'ihe dị ịrịba ama' na ọmụmụ nke General Relativity, gafee otu narị afọ nke a mụrụ maka ya. Choquet-Bruhat bụ nwanyị mbụ a họpụtara na French Academy of Sciences ma bụrụkwa onye isi nke Legion of Honour . == Mmalite Ndụ ya == A mụrụ Yvonne Bruhat na Lille na 29 Disemba 1923. Nne ya bụ prọfesọ nkà ihe ọmụma Berthe Hubert, nna ya bụrụ ọkà n'ihe ọmụmụ physics Georges Bruhat, onye nwụrụ n'afọ 1945 n'ogige ịta ahụhụ Oranienburg-Sachsenhausen . <ref name=":0" /> Nwanne ya nwoke bụ François Bruhat ghọkwara onye mgbakọ na mwepụ, na-eme ihe ntinye dị ịrịba ama na ọmụmụ nke Ìgwè algebra. Bruhat gara ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị ya na Paris wee nweta Baccalaureate ya n'afọ 1941. Ọ ritere asọmpi mba Concours Général, merie ihe nrite ọlaọcha maka physics. Site n'afọ 1943 ruo 1946 ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ na École normale supérieure de jeunes filles dị na Paris, ma site n'afọ 1946 ọ bụ onye enyemaka nkuzi n'ebe ahụ ma mee nnyocha nke André Lichnerowicz nyere ndụmọdụ ya. == Early life == A mụrụ Yvonne Bruhat na Lille na 29 Disemba 1923. Nne ya bụ prọfesọ nkà ihe ọmụma Berthe Hubert, nna ya bụ ọkà n'ihe ọmụmụ physics Georges Bruhat, onye nwụrụ n'afọ 1945 n'ogige ịta ahụhụ Oranienburg-Sachsenhausen . <ref name=":0" /> Nwanne ya nwoke bụ François Bruhat ghọkwara onye mgbakọ na mwepụ, na-eme ihe ntinye dị ịrịba ama na ọmụmụ nke Ìgwè algebra. Bruhat gara ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị ya na Paris wee nweta Baccalaureate ya n'afọ 1941. Ọ natara asọmpi mba Concours Général, merie ihe nrite ọlaọcha maka physics. Site n'afọ 1943 ruo 1946 ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ na École normale supérieure de jeunes filles na Paris, ma site na 1946 ọ bụ onye enyemaka nkuzi n'ebe ahụ ma mee nnyocha nke André Lichnerowicz nyere ndụmọdụ ya. == Early life == {| class="infobox biography vcard" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;" |<div class="fn">Yvonne Choquet-Bruhat</div> |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-image" |[[File:Yvonne_Choquet_1974_(photo_B;_re-scanned_B,_de-bordered)_(cropped).jpg|alt=smiling mathematician Yvonne in 1974|frameless]]<div class="infobox-caption">Choquet-Bruhat na 1974</div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |A mụrụ ya | class="infobox-data" |<div class="nickname" style="display:inline">Yvonne Suzanne Marie-Louise Bruhat</div> <span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1923-12-29</span>)</span> 29 Disemba 1923<div class="birthplace" style="display:inline">[[Lille]], [[French Third Republic|France]]</div><br /><br /> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Nwụrụ | class="infobox-data" |11 Febụwarị 2025 <span style="display:none">(2025-02-11)</span> (afọ 101) <div class="deathplace" style="display:inline">[[Mérignac, Gironde|Mérignac]], France</div>&nbsp;<br /> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Alma mater&nbsp; | class="infobox-data" |<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"></templatestyles><div class="plainlist"> * Ụlọ akwụkwọ dị elu * CNRS </div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |A maara ya maka&nbsp; | class="infobox-data" |<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"></templatestyles><div class="plainlist"> * Ezigbo ọnọdụ nke vacuum Einstein EquationsNhazi nke Einstein </div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Ndị Di na Nwunye | class="infobox-data" |<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"></templatestyles><div class="plainlist"> * <templatestyles src="Template:Marriage/styles.css" /><div class="marriage-display-inline"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;margin-top:1px;white-space:normal;">Léonce Fourès</div> (nwụrụ n'afọ 1947; <abbr title="<nowiki&gt;divorced</nowiki&gt;">div.</abbr> 1960) &nbsp;&#x20;&nbsp;&#x5F;&#x5F;&#x69;&#x62;&#x6F;&#x5F;&#x5F;&#x5F;&#x5F;&#x69;&#x62;&#x6F;&#x5F;&#x5F;&#x5F;&#x5F;&#x69;&#x62;&#x6F;&#x5F;&#x5F;&#x20;&#x1ECC;&#x20;&#x62;&#x1EE5;&#x20;&#x65;&#x7A;&#x69;&#x65;&#x20;&#x6E;&#x61;&#x20;&#x1ECD;&#x20;&#x62;&#x1EE5;</div> * <templatestyles src="Template:Marriage/styles.css" /><div class="marriage-display-inline"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;">Gustave Choquet</div> (nwụrụ n'afọ 2006) &nbsp;&#x5F;&#x5F;&#x69;&#x62;&#x6F;&#x5F;&#x5F;&#x5F;&#x5F;&#x69;&#x62;&#x6F;&#x5F;&#x5F;&#x5F;&#x5F;&#x69;&#x62;&#x6F;&#x5F;&#x5F;&#x20;&#x1ECC;&#x20;&#x62;&#x1EE5;&#x20;&#x65;&#x7A;&#x69;&#x65;&#x20;&#x6E;&#x61;&#x20;&#x1ECD;&#x20;&#x62;&#x1EE5;</div> </div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Ụmụaka | class="infobox-data" |3, gụnyere Daniel |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Onyinye | class="infobox-data" |<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"></templatestyles><div class="plainlist"> * Onye Nnukwu Onye Agha nke Legion d'honneurNdị Agha Nsọpụrụ * A họpụtara ya na French Academy of SciencesỤlọ Akwụkwọ Sayensị nke France * A họpụtara ya na American Academy of Arts and Sciences </div> |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" |<templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles>'''Ọrụ sayensị''' |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Ubi | class="infobox-data category" |<templatestyles src="Hlist/styles.css"></templatestyles><div class="hlist"> * [[Ọmúmú-ónúọgụgụ|mgbakọ na mwepụ]] * [[Ọ̀mụ̀ntụdị|physics]] </div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Ụlọ ọrụ | class="infobox-data" |<span class="nowrap">Mahadum Pierre na Marie Curie</span> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Akwụkwọ edemede | class="infobox-data" |Theorema nke ịdị adị maka ụfọdụ usoro nke usoro nhazi nke na-abụghị ahịrị <span style="font-size:97%;">(1951)</span> &nbsp; |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Onye ndụmọdụ doctoral | class="infobox-data" |André Lichnerowicz |} {| class="infobox biography vcard" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;" |<div class="fn">Yvonne Choquet-Bruhat</div> |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-image" |[[File:Yvonne_Choquet_1974_(photo_B;_re-scanned_B,_de-bordered)_(cropped).jpg|alt=smiling mathematician Yvonne in 1974|frameless]]<div class="infobox-caption">Choquet-Bruhat na 1974</div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |A mụrụ ya | class="infobox-data" |<div class="nickname" style="display:inline">Yvonne Suzanne Marie-Louise Bruhat</div> <span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1923-12-29</span>)</span> 29 Disemba 1923<div class="birthplace" style="display:inline">[[Lille]], [[French Third Republic|France]]</div><br /><br /> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Nwụrụ | class="infobox-data" |11 Febụwarị 2025 <span style="display:none">(2025-02-11)</span> (afọ 101) <div class="deathplace" style="display:inline">[[Mérignac, Gironde|Mérignac]], France</div>&nbsp;<br /> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Alma mater&nbsp; | class="infobox-data" |<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"></templatestyles><div class="plainlist"> * Ụlọ akwụkwọ dị elu * CNRS </div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |A maara ya maka&nbsp; | class="infobox-data" |<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"></templatestyles><div class="plainlist"> * Ezigbo ọnọdụ nke vacuum Einstein EquationsNhazi nke Einstein </div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Ndị Di na Nwunye | class="infobox-data" |<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"></templatestyles><div class="plainlist"> * <templatestyles src="Template:Marriage/styles.css" /><div class="marriage-display-inline"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;margin-top:1px;white-space:normal;">Léonce Fourès</div> (nwụrụ n'afọ 1947; <abbr title="<nowiki&gt;divorced</nowiki&gt;">div.</abbr> 1960) &nbsp;&#x20;&nbsp;&#x5F;&#x5F;&#x69;&#x62;&#x6F;&#x5F;&#x5F;&#x5F;&#x5F;&#x69;&#x62;&#x6F;&#x5F;&#x5F;&#x5F;&#x5F;&#x69;&#x62;&#x6F;&#x5F;&#x5F;&#x20;&#x1ECC;&#x20;&#x62;&#x1EE5;&#x20;&#x65;&#x7A;&#x69;&#x65;&#x20;&#x6E;&#x61;&#x20;&#x1ECD;&#x20;&#x62;&#x1EE5;</div> * <templatestyles src="Template:Marriage/styles.css" /><div class="marriage-display-inline"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;">Gustave Choquet</div> (nwụrụ n'afọ 2006) &nbsp;&#x5F;&#x5F;&#x69;&#x62;&#x6F;&#x5F;&#x5F;&#x5F;&#x5F;&#x69;&#x62;&#x6F;&#x5F;&#x5F;&#x5F;&#x5F;&#x69;&#x62;&#x6F;&#x5F;&#x5F;&#x20;&#x1ECC;&#x20;&#x62;&#x1EE5;&#x20;&#x65;&#x7A;&#x69;&#x65;&#x20;&#x6E;&#x61;&#x20;&#x1ECD;&#x20;&#x62;&#x1EE5;</div> </div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Ụmụaka | class="infobox-data" |3, gụnyere Daniel |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Onyinye | class="infobox-data" |<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"></templatestyles><div class="plainlist"> * Onye Nnukwu Onye Agha nke Legion d'honneurNdị Agha Nsọpụrụ * A họpụtara ya na French Academy of SciencesỤlọ Akwụkwọ Sayensị nke France * A họpụtara ya na American Academy of Arts and Sciences </div> |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" |<templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles>'''Ọrụ sayensị''' |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Ubi | class="infobox-data category" |<templatestyles src="Hlist/styles.css"></templatestyles><div class="hlist"> * [[Ọmúmú-ónúọgụgụ|mgbakọ na mwepụ]] * [[Ọ̀mụ̀ntụdị|physics]] </div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Ụlọ ọrụ | class="infobox-data" |<span class="nowrap">Mahadum Pierre na Marie Curie</span> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Akwụkwọ edemede | class="infobox-data" |Theorema nke ịdị adị maka ụfọdụ usoro nke usoro nhazi nke na-abụghị ahịrị <span style="font-size:97%;">(1951)</span> &nbsp; |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Onye ndụmọdụ doctoral | class="infobox-data" |André Lichnerowicz |} '''Yvonne Choquet-Bruhat''' ( [ivɔn ʃɔkɛ bʁy.a] i; 29 Disemba 1923 - 11 Febụwarị 2025) bụ onye France na-eme mgbakọ na mwepụ yana onye physics. O mere ihe ntinye dị mkpa na ọmụmụ nke General Relativity, site n'igosi na enwere ike itinye usoro Nhazi nke Einstein (Einstein field Equations) n'ụdị Nsogbu uru mbụ nke edere nke ọma. N'afọ 2015, akwụkwọ akụkọ Classical and Quantum Gravity depụtara akwụkwọ I bipụtara e jiri mara ya dị ka otu n'ime ihe iri na atọ 'ihe dị ịrịba ama' na ọmụmụ nke General Relativity, gafee otu narị afọ nke a mụrụ maka ya.{{IPA|fr|ivɔn ʃɔkɛ bʁy.a|lang|fr-Yvonne Choquet-Bruhat.wav}}{{IPA|fr|ivɔn ʃɔkɛ bʁy.a|lang|fr-Yvonne Choquet-Bruhat.wav}}{{IPA|fr|ivɔn ʃɔkɛ bʁy.a|lang|fr-Yvonne Choquet-Bruhat.wav}} Choquet-Bruhat bụ nwanyị mbụ a họpụtara na French Academy of Sciences ma bụrụkwa onye isi nke Legion of Honour . == Mmalite Ndụ ya == A mụrụ Yvonne Bruhat na Lille na 29 Disemba 1923. Nne ya bụ prọfesọ nkà ihe ọmụma Berthe Hubert, nna ya bụ ọkà n'ihe ọmụmụ physics Georges Bruhat, onye nwụrụ n'afọ 1945 n'ogige ịta ahụhụ Oranienburg-Sachsenhausen . <ref name=":0" /> Nwanne ya nwoke bụ François Bruhat ghọkwara onye mgbakọ na mwepụ, na-eme ihe ntinye dị ịrịba ama na ọmụmụ nke Ìgwè algebra. Bruhat gara ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị ya na Paris wee nweta Baccalaureate ya n'afọ 1941. Ọ natara asọmpi mba Concours Général, merie ihe nrite ọlaọcha maka physics. Site n'afọ 1943 ruo 1946 ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ na École normale supérieure de jeunes filles na Paris, ma site na 1946 ọ bụ onye enyemaka nkuzi n'ebe ahụ ma mee nnyocha nke André Lichnerowicz nyere ndụmọdụ ya. == Ọrụ ya == Site n'afọ 1949 ruo 1951 Bruhat bụụrụ onye enyemaka nnyocha na French National Centre for Scientific Research, n'ihi ya ọ natara nzere ọkankuzi ya. N'afọ 1951, ọ ghọrọ onye nnyocha nwetarala nzere ọkankuzi na Institute for Advanced Study na Princeton, [[Nú Jezị|New Jersey]]. Onye nlekọta ọrụ ya, Jean Leray, tụrụ aro ka ọ mụọ usoro Nhazi nke Einstein (Einstein field Equations). O mekwara ọ mata [[Albert Einstein]], onye ọ gakwuuru ugboro ole na ole n'oge ọ nọ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ. N'afọ 1952, e nyere Bruhat na di ya ọrụ na Marseilles, na-eme ka ọ pụọ n'oge na-adịghị anya n'ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ. N'otu afọ ahụ, o bipụtara ịdị adị na ịbụ ihe pụrụ iche nke ụ́sà maka Usoro nhazi nke Einstein, bụ ọrụ ya kachasị ewu ewu. Ọrụ ya na-egosi ezi echiche nke usoro Einstein, <ref name=":0" /> wee malite ọmụmụ nke dynamics in General Relativity. N'afọ 1958, e nyere ya Ihe nrite ọlaọcha nke CNRS . Site n'afọ 1958 ruo 1959 ọ kụziri ihe na Mahadum Reims . N'afọ 1960, ọ ghọrọ prọfesọ na ''Mahadum Pierre-et-Marie-Curie'' (UPMC) dị na Paris, ma nọgide na-abụ prọfesọ ma ọ bụ prọfesọ lara ezumike nká ruo mgbe ọ lara ezumike nká n'afọ 1992. [[Faịlụ:Yvonne_Choquet-Bruhat,_Gustave_Choquet.jpeg|thumb|235x235px|Choquet-Bruhat na Gustave Choquet na Mahadum California, Berkeley, n'afọ 1974.]] Na Mahadum Pierre et Marie Curie, ọ gara n'ihu na-eme ihe ntinye dị ukwuu na physics mgbakọ na mwepụ, ọkachasị na General Relativity, Supergravity, nakwa non-Abelian gauge theory of the standard model. Ọrụ ya n'afọ 1981 yana Demetrios Christodoulou gosipụtara ịdị adị nke ụ́sà zuru ụwa ọnụ nke Yang-Mills, Higgs, na usoro nhazi nke spinor na 3 + 1 Dimensions. Tụkwasị na nke a, n'afọ 1984, o mere ma eleghị anya ọmụmụ ihe mbụ nke onye na-eme mgbakọ na mwepụ mere nke supergravity nwere nsonaazụ nke enwere ike ịgbatị gaa na ihe nlereanya dị mkpa ugbu a na D=11 Dimensions. N'afọ 1978, a họpụtara Yvonne Choquet-Bruhat ka ọ bụrụ onye nnọchi anya Academy of Sciences ma na 14 Mee 1979 ọ ghọrọ nwanyị mbụ a họpụtara ka ọ bụrụ onye òtù zuru oke.<ref name=":0" /> Site n'afọ 1980 ruo 1983 ọ bụụrụ onye isi oche nke ''{{Lang|fr|Comité international de relativité générale et gravitation}}'' ("Komiti mba ụwa na General Relativity na Gravitation"). N'afọ 1985, a họpụtara ya gaa na American Academy of Arts and Sciences. N'afọ 1986, a họpụtara ya ka ọ kụzie nkuzi a ma ama Noether Lecture nke Association for Women in Mathematics. === Ihe Ntinye ya na Nnyocha teknụzụ === Nnyocha a ma ama nke Choquet-Bruhat na-ekwu maka ọdịdị mgbakọ na mwepụ nke usoro data mbụ nke General Relativity. Enwere ike ịkọwa nchịkọta nke nsonaazụ naanị n'ihe gbasara ihe dị iche iche dị iche iche. * Ntọala M" style="font-style:italic;" typeof="M:Transclusion">g":{"wt":"mvar","href":"./Template:Mvar"},"params":{"1":{"wt":"M"}},"i":0}}]}' data-ve-no-generated-contents="true" id="mweg" style="font-style:italic;" typeof="mw:Transclusion">M">data mbụ bụ triplet k<nowiki>''</nowiki>)"}},"i":0}}]}" data-ve-no-generated-contents="true" id="mweQ" typeof="mw:Transclusion"> seetị data (''M'', ''g'', ''k'') nke M bụ ọnụọgụ atọ dị nro, g bụ ọnụọụọgụ Riemannian dị nro na M, na k bụ mpaghara dị nro (0,2) -tensor na M. * Nyere data mbụ f":"./Template:Math"},"params":{"1":{"wt":"(<nowiki>''</nowiki>M<nowiki>''</nowiki>, <nowiki>''</nowiki>g<nowiki>''</nowiki>, <nowiki>''</nowiki>k<nowiki>''</nowiki>)"}},"i":0}}]}" data-ve-no-generated-contents="true" id="mwgQ" typeof="mw:Transclusion">(''M'', ''g'', ''k''), '''mmepe''' nke (M,g, k) bụ Ụdị Lorentzian anọ (M, g) tinyere ntinye dị nro f: M → M na mpaghara vector dị nro n'akụkụ f nke mere na f *g = g na nke mere na ụdị nke abụọ nke f, n'ihe gbasara mpaghara vector e nyere, bụ k. N'echiche a, enwere ike ile usoro data mbụ anya dị ka ntụziaka nke submanifold geometry nke embedded spacelike hypersurface dị na Lorentzian manifold. * Ntọala data mbụ (M, g, k) na-emezu usoro mgbochi ikuku, ma ọ bụ a na-ekwu na ọ bụ usoro data mbụ nke ikuku, ma ọ bụrụ na a na-emenụ mmusoro abụọ na-esonụ: :: <math>\begin{align} R_g-|k|_g^2+(\operatorname{tr}_gk)^2&=0\\ \operatorname{div}_gk-d(\operatorname{tr}_gk)&=0. \end{align}</math> : N'ebe a, g":{"wt":"math","href":"./Template:Math"},"params":{"1":{"wt":"<nowiki>''</nowiki>R<nowiki>''</nowiki><nowiki>_{''</nowiki>g<nowiki>''</nowiki><nowiki>}</nowiki>"}},"i":0}}]}" data-ve-no-generated-contents="true" id="mwmQ" typeof="mw:Transclusion">''R_g'' na-egosi nkwonkwo scalar nke g. Otu n'ime nsonaazụ Choquet-Bruhat nke afọ 1952 na-ekwu ihe ndị a:   N'ikwu ya n'ụzọ dị nkenke, enwere ike ịchịkọta nke a dị ka ịsị na enwere oghere (M, g) nke f (M) bụ elu Cauchy. A na-akpọ mmepe dị otú ahụ mmepe ikuku zuru ụwa ọnụ. Choquet-Bruhat gosikwara na ọ bụ ihe pụrụ iche:   N'ụdị na-edoghị anya, nke a na-ekwu: nyere ihe ọ bụla dị ka oghere M nke Ricci-flat Lorentzian M M, geoM nke M dị nso na M bụ nke submanifold geometry nke m kpebiri n'ụzọ zuru ezu. N'otu edemede ya na Robert Geroch dere n'afọ 1969, Choquet-Bruhat mere ka ọdịdị nke ịdị iche doo anya. Site na arụmụka peeji abụọ na topology nke isi site na iji Zorn's lemma, ha gosipụtara na ịdị adị nke Choquet-Bruhat n'elu na ịdị iche iche theorems na-akpaghị aka na-egosi na ụwa dị iche iche theorem:   Ihe akaebe Choquet-Bruhat na-eji nhọrọ dị nkọ nke nhazi, nhazi nke ebili mmiri (nke bụ Lorentzian nke kwekọrọ na nhazi nkwekọrịta), nke usoro nhazi nke Einstein na-aghọ usoro nke usoro ọdịiche dị iche iche nke hyperbolic, nke enwere ike itinye nsonaazụ dị mma. == Ndụ onwe onye na ọnwụ == [[Faịlụ:Yvonne_Choquet-Bruhat_2.jpeg|thumb|Choquet-Bruhat n'afọ 2006]] N'afọ 1947, ọ lụrụ onye mgbakọ na mwepụ ibe ya bụ Léonce Fourès. Nwa ha nwanyị bụ Michelle bụ onye na-ahụ maka gburugburu ebe obibi. Ọrụ ọkankuzi ya na nnyocha mbụ ya dị n'okpuru aha Yvonne Fourès-Bruhat. N'afọ 1960, Bruhat na Fourès gbara alụkwaghịm, o mechara lụọ onye mgbakọ na mwepụ Gustave Choquet ma gbanwee aha nna ya ka ọ bụrụ Choquet-Bruhat. Ya na Choquet nwere ụmụ abụọ; nwa ya nwoke, Daniel Choquet, bụ onye ọkà mmụta ụbụrụ ebe nwa ya nwanyị, Geneviève, bụ dọkịta. Choquet-Bruhat nwụrụ na 11 Febụwarị 2025 na Merignac, France (33700), mgbe ọ dị afọ òtù narị na otu. <ref name=":0" /> == Akwụkwọ ndị bụ isi Ọ Bipụtara == '''Isiokwu''' *   * [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] ''Akụkụ zuru ụwa ọnụ nke nsogbu Cauchy na General Relativity.'' [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] mgbakọ na mwepụ. Phys. 14 (1969), 329–335. [[doi:10.1007/BF01645389]]   '''Isiokwu nnyocha''' * Bruhat, Yvonne ''Nsogbu Cauchy.'' Gravitation: Nkwupụta maka nnyocha ugbu a, peeji nke 130-168, Wiley, New York, 1962.&nbsp; * Choquet-Bruhat, Yvonne; York, James W. Jr. ''Nsogbu Cauchy.'' General Relativity and Gravity, Vol. 1, peeji nke 99-172, Plenum, New York-London, 1980.&nbsp; * Choquet-Bruhat, Yvonne. ''Theorems nke ike dị mma.'' Relativity, òtù na topology, II (Les Houches, 1983), 739-785, North-Holland, Amsterdam, 1984. * Choquet-Bruhat, Yvonne. ''Nsonaazụ na nsogbu ndị a emeghere na mgbakọ na mwepụ n'ozuzu.'' Milan J. Math 75 (2007), 273–289. * Choquet-Bruhat, Yvonne. ''Mmalite nke nsogbu Cauchy maka usoro nhazi nke Einstein.'' Nnyocha na geometry dị iche iche 2015. Otu narị afọ nke General Relativity, 1-16, Surv. Ọ dị iche. Geom. '''Akwụkwọ teknụzụ''' * Choquet-Bruhat, Yvonne; DeWitt-Morette, Cécile; Dillard-Bleick, Margaret. ''Analysis, manifolds and physics.'' Second edition. North-Holland Publishing Co., Amsterdam-New York, 1982. xx+630 pp.   * Choquet-Bruhat, Yvonne; DeWitt-Morette, Cécile. ''Analysis, manifolds and physics. Part II.'' North-Holland Publishing Co., Amsterdam, 1989. xii+449 pp.   * Choquet-Bruhat, Y. ''Distributions.'' (French) Théorie et problèmes. Masson et Cie, Éditeurs, Paris, 1973. x+232 pp. * Choquet-Bruhat, Yvonne. ''General relativity and the Einstein equations.'' Oxford Mathematical Monographs. Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2009. xxvi+785 pp.   * Choquet-Bruhat, Y. ''Géométrie différentielle et systèmes extérieurs.'' Préface de A. Lichnerowicz. Monographies Universitaires de Mathématiques, No. 28 Dunod, Paris 1968 xvii+328 pp. * Choquet-Bruhat, Yvonne. ''Graded bundles and supermanifolds.'' Monographs and Textbooks in Physical Science. Lecture Notes, 12. Bibliopolis, Naples, 1989. xii+94 pp.   * Choquet-Bruhat, Yvonne. ''Introduction to general relativity, black holes, and cosmology.'' With a foreword by Thibault Damour. Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2015. xx+279 pp.   * Choquet-Bruhat, Y. ''Problems and solutions in mathematical physics.'' Translated from the French by C. Peltzer. Translation editor, J.J. Brandstatter Holden-Day, Inc., San Francisco, Calif.-London-Amsterdam 1967 x+315 pp. '''Akwụkwọ ya a ma ama''' * Choquet-Bruhat, Yvonne. ''Nwaanyị na-eme mgbakọ na mwepụ na mbara igwe a dị ịtụnanya: ihe ncheta.'' A sụgharịrị ya site na 2016 French World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] x+351 peeji nke   == Ihe nrite == * Ihe nrite ọlaọcha nke National Center of Scientific Research, 1958 * Ihe nrite Henri de Parville nke Académie des Sciences, 1963 * Onye otu (site na 1965), Kọmitii Mba Nile nke Relativite Generale na Gravitation (onye isi oche 1980-1983) * Onye otu, Académie des Sciences, Paris (ahọpụtara 1979) * A họpụtara ya na American Academy of Arts and Sciences n'afọ 1985 * Njikọ maka ụmụ nwanyị na mgbakọ na mwepụ Noether Lecturer, 1986 * Onye Ọchịagha nke Legion of Honor, 1997 * Ihe nrite Dannie Heineman maka Mathematical Physics, 2003 * E buliri ya n'ọkwa ịbụ 'Grand Officier' na 'Grand Croix' na Légion d'Honneur n'afọ 2008. == Ebemsidee == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == {{Authority control}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20081202022121/http://www.physics.ucla.edu/~cwp/Phase2/Choquet-Bruhat,_Yvonne@922345678.html Enyemaka nke ụmụ nwanyị narị afọ nke iri abụọ na physics] * [http://www.agnesscott.edu/lriddle/women/bruhat.htm "Yvonne Choquet-Bruhat", Akụkọ ndụ nke ụmụ nwanyị na-eme mgbakọ na mwepụ], Agnes Scott CollegeKọleji Agnes Scott * {{Cite journal|title=A two-part feature: The Mathematics of Gravitational waves|author=Christina Sormani|journal=[[Notices of the American Mathematical Society]]|volume=64|issue=7|date=August 2017|pages=684–707|issn=1088-9477|doi=10.1090/noti1551}} * Nsụgharị Bekee nke akwụkwọ nke afọ 1952, Existence theorem maka usoro ụfọdụ nke nhazi ọdịiche na-abụghị nke ahịrị[https://www.mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de/sites/default/files/Preprints/P480.pdf Theorem nke ịdị adị maka usoro ụfọdụ nke nhazi ọdịiche na-abụghị nke ahịrị] == Ọrụ ya == Site n'afọ 1949 ruo 1951 Bruhat bụụrụ onye enyemaka nnyocha na French National Centre for Scientific Research, n'ihi ya ọ natara nzere ọkankuzi ya. N'afọ 1951, ọ ghọrọ onye nnyocha nwetarala nzere ọkankuzi na Institute for Advanced Study na Princeton, New Jersey. Onye nlekọta ọrụ ya, Jean Leray, tụrụ aro ka ọ mụọ usoro Nhazi nke Einstein (Einstein field Equations). O mekwara ọ mata [[Albert Einstein]], onye ọ gakwuuru ugboro ole na ole n'oge ọ nọ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ. N'afọ 1952, e nyere Bruhat na di ya ọrụ na Marseilles, na-eme ka ọ pụọ n'oge na-adịghị anya n'ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ. N'otu afọ ahụ, o bipụtara ịdị adị na ịbụ ihe pụrụ iche nke ụ́sà maka Usoro nhazi nke Einstein, bụ ọrụ ya kachasị ewu ewu. Ọrụ ya na-egosi ezi echiche nke usoro Einstein, <ref name=":0" /> wee malite ọmụmụ nke dynamics in General Relativity. N'afọ 1958, e nyere ya Ihe nrite ọlaọcha nke CNRS . Site n'afọ 1958 ruo 1959 ọ kụziri ihe na Mahadum Reims . N'afọ 1960, ọ ghọrọ prọfesọ na ''Mahadum Pierre-et-Marie-Curie'' (UPMC) dị na Paris, ma nọgide na-abụ prọfesọ ma ọ bụ prọfesọ lara ezumike nká ruo mgbe ọ lara ezumike nká n'afọ 1992. [[Faịlụ:Yvonne_Choquet-Bruhat,_Gustave_Choquet.jpeg|thumb|235x235px|Choquet-Bruhat na Gustave Choquet na Mahadum California, Berkeley, n'afọ 1974.]] Na Mahadum Pierre et Marie Curie, ọ gara n'ihu na-eme ihe ntinye dị ukwuu na physics mgbakọ na mwepụ, ọkachasị na General Relativity, Supergravity, nakwa non-Abelian gauge theory of the standard model. Ọrụ ya n'afọ 1981 yana Demetrios Christodoulou gosipụtara ịdị adị nke ụ́sà zuru ụwa ọnụ nke Yang-Mills, Higgs, na usoro nhazi nke spinor na 3 + 1 Dimensions. Tụkwasị na nke a, n'afọ 1984, o mere ma eleghị anya ọmụmụ ihe mbụ nke onye na-eme mgbakọ na mwepụ mere nke supergravity nwere nsonaazụ nke enwere ike ịgbatị gaa na ihe nlereanya dị mkpa ugbu a na D=11 Dimensions. N'afọ 1978, a họpụtara Yvonne Choquet-Bruhat ka ọ bụrụ onye nnọchi anya Academy of Sciences ma na 14 Mee 1979 ọ ghọrọ nwanyị mbụ a họpụtara ka ọ bụrụ onye òtù zuru oke.<ref name=":0"/>{{Cite journal|author=Dafermos|first=Mihalis|date=2025-06-04|title=Yvonne Choquet-Bruhat obituary: mathematician who established that Einstein’s equations mirror the real world|url=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q134884430|journal=Nature|volume=642|issue=8067|pages=298–298|doi=10.1038/D41586-025-01763-Z}}</ref> Site n'afọ 1980 ruo 1983 ọ bụụrụ onye isi oche nke ''{{Lang|fr|Comité international de relativité générale et gravitation}}'' ("Komiti mba ụwa na General Relativity na Gravitation"). N'afọ 1985, a họpụtara ya gaa na American Academy of Arts and Sciences. N'afọ 1986, a họpụtara ya ka ọ kụzie nkuzi a ma ama Noether Lecture nke Association for Women in Mathematics. === Ihe Ntinye ya na Nnyocha teknụzụ === Nnyocha a ma ama nke Choquet-Bruhat na-ekwu maka ọdịdị mgbakọ na mwepụ nke usoro data mbụ nke General Relativity. Enwere ike ịkọwa nchịkọta nke nsonaazụ naanị n'ihe gbasara ihe dị iche iche dị iche iche. * Ntọala M" style="font-style:italic;" typeof="M:Transclusion">g":{"wt":"mvar","href":"./Template:Mvar"},"params":{"1":{"wt":"M"}},"i":0}}]}' data-ve-no-generated-contents="true" id="mweg" style="font-style:italic;" typeof="mw:Transclusion">M">data mbụ bụ triplet k<nowiki>''</nowiki>)"}},"i":0}}]}" data-ve-no-generated-contents="true" id="mweQ" typeof="mw:Transclusion"> seetị data (''M'', ''g'', ''k'') nke M bụ ọnụọgụ atọ dị nro, g bụ ọnụọụọgụ Riemannian dị nro na M, na k bụ mpaghara dị nro (0,2) -tensor na M. * Nyere data mbụ f":"./Template:Math"},"params":{"1":{"wt":"(<nowiki>''</nowiki>M<nowiki>''</nowiki>, <nowiki>''</nowiki>g<nowiki>''</nowiki>, <nowiki>''</nowiki>k<nowiki>''</nowiki>)"}},"i":0}}]}" data-ve-no-generated-contents="true" id="mwgQ" typeof="mw:Transclusion">(''M'', ''g'', ''k''), '''mmepe''' nke (M,g, k) bụ Ụdị Lorentzian anọ (M, g) tinyere ntinye dị nro f: M → M na mpaghara vector dị nro n'akụkụ f nke mere na f *g = g na nke mere na ụdị nke abụọ nke f, n'ihe gbasara mpaghara vector e nyere, bụ k. N'echiche a, enwere ike ile usoro data mbụ anya dị ka ntụziaka nke submanifold geometry nke embedded spacelike hypersurface dị na Lorentzian manifold. * Ntọala data mbụ (M, g, k) na-emezu usoro mgbochi ikuku, ma ọ bụ a na-ekwu na ọ bụ usoro data mbụ nke ikuku, ma ọ bụrụ na a na-emenụ mmusoro abụọ na-esonụ: :: <math>\begin{align} R_g-|k|_g^2+(\operatorname{tr}_gk)^2&=0\\ \operatorname{div}_gk-d(\operatorname{tr}_gk)&=0. \end{align}</math> : N'ebe a, g":{"wt":"math","href":"./Template:Math"},"params":{"1":{"wt":"<nowiki>''</nowiki>R<nowiki>''</nowiki><nowiki>_{''</nowiki>g<nowiki>''</nowiki><nowiki>}</nowiki>"}},"i":0}}]}" data-ve-no-generated-contents="true" id="mwmQ" typeof="mw:Transclusion">''R_g'' na-egosi nkwonkwo scalar nke g. Otu n'ime nsonaazụ Choquet-Bruhat nke afọ 1952 na-ekwu ihe ndị a:   N'ikwu ya n'ụzọ dị nkenke, enwere ike ịchịkọta nke a dị ka ịsị na enwere oghere (M, g) nke f (M) bụ elu Cauchy. A na-akpọ mmepe dị otú ahụ mmepe ikuku zuru ụwa ọnụ. Choquet-Bruhat gosikwara na ọ bụ ihe pụrụ iche:   N'ụdị na-edoghị anya, nke a na-ekwu: nyere ihe ọ bụla dị ka oghere M nke Ricci-flat Lorentzian M M, geoM nke M dị nso na M bụ nke submanifold geometry nke m kpebiri n'ụzọ zuru ezu. N'otu edemede ya na Robert Geroch dere n'afọ 1969, Choquet-Bruhat mere ka ọdịdị nke ịdị iche doo anya. Site na arụmụka peeji abụọ na topology nke isi site na iji Zorn's lemma, ha gosipụtara na ịdị adị nke Choquet-Bruhat n'elu na ịdị iche iche theorems na-akpaghị aka na-egosi na ụwa dị iche iche theorem:   Ọ bụ ihe a na-ahụkarị ugbua ịmụ maka ihe ndị dị otú ahụ. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, iwu a ma ama nke Demetrios Christodoulou na nke Sergiu Klainerman na nkwụsi ike nke oghere Minkowski na-ekwusi ike na ọ bụrụ na (R3, g, k) bụ data mbido nke nwere g na k nke dị nso na efu (n'ụdị ụfọdụ dị kpọmkwem), mgbe ahụ, mmepe ikuku hyperbolic ya zuru ụwa ọnụ bụ nke zuru ezu geodesically ma dịrịkwa nso geometrically na oghere Minkwski. Ihe akaebe Choquet-Bruhat na-eji nhọrọ dị nkọ nke nhazi, nhazi nke ebili mmiri (nke bụ Lorentzian nke kwekọrọ na nhazi nkwekọrịta), nke usoro nhazi nke Einstein na-aghọ usoro nke usoro ọdịiche dị iche iche nke hyperbolic, nke enwere ike itinye nsonaazụ dị mma. == Ndụ onwe onye na ọnwụ == [[Faịlụ:Yvonne_Choquet-Bruhat_2.jpeg|thumb|Choquet-Bruhat n'afọ 2006]] N'afọ 1947, ọ lụrụ onye mgbakọ na mwepụ ibe ya bụ Léonce Fourès. Nwa ha nwanyị bụ Michelle bụ onye na-ahụ maka gburugburu ebe obibi. Ọrụ ọkankuzi ya na nnyocha mbụ ya dị n'okpuru aha Yvonne Fourès-Bruhat. N'afọ 1960, Bruhat na Fourès gbara alụkwaghịm, o mechara lụọ onye mgbakọ na mwepụ Gustave Choquet ma gbanwee aha nna ya ka ọ bụrụ Choquet-Bruhat. Ya na Choquet nwere ụmụ abụọ; nwa ya nwoke, Daniel Choquet, bụ onye ọkà mmụta ụbụrụ ebe nwa ya nwanyị, Geneviève, bụ dọkịta. Choquet-Bruhat nwụrụ na 11 Febụwarị 2025 na Merignac, France (33700), mgbe ọ dị afọ òtù narị na otu. <ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|author=Dafermos|first=Mihalis|date=2025-06-04|title=Yvonne Choquet-Bruhat obituary: mathematician who established that Einstein’s equations mirror the real world|url=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q134884430|journal=Nature|volume=642|issue=8067|pages=298–298|doi=10.1038/D41586-025-01763-Z}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFDafermos2025">Dafermos, Mihalis (2025-06-04). [[wikidata:Q134884430|"Yvonne Choquet-Bruhat obituary: mathematician who established that Einstein's equations mirror the real world"]]. ''Nature''. '''642''' (8067): <span class="nowrap">298–</span>298. [[Digital object identifier|doi]]:[[doi:10.1038/D41586-025-01763-Z|10.1038/D41586-025-01763-Z]].</cite></ref> == Akwụkwọ ndị bụ isi Ọ Bipụtara == '''Isiokwu''' *   * [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] ''Akụkụ zuru ụwa ọnụ nke nsogbu Cauchy na General Relativity.'' [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] mgbakọ na mwepụ. Phys. 14 (1969), 329–335. [[doi:10.1007/BF01645389]]   '''Isiokwu nyocha''' * Bruhat, Yvonne ''Nsogbu Cauchy.'' Gravitation: Nkwupụta maka nyocha ugbu a, peeji nke 130-168, Wiley, New York, 1962.&nbsp; * Choquet-Bruhat, Yvonne; York, James W. Jr. ''Nsogbu Cauchy.'' General Relativity and Gravity, Vol. 1, peeji nke 99-172, Plenum, New York-London, 1980.&nbsp; * Choquet-Bruhat, Yvonne. ''Theorems nke ike dị mma.'' Relativity, otu na topology, II (Les Houches, 1983), 739-785, North-Holland, Amsterdam, 1984. * Choquet-Bruhat, Yvonne. ''Nsonaazụ na nsogbu ndị a na-emeghe na mgbakọ na mwepụ n'ozuzu.'' [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] 75 (2007), 273–289. * Choquet-Bruhat, Yvonne. ''Mmalite nke nsogbu Cauchy maka usoro nhazi nke Einstein.'' Nnyocha na geometry dị iche iche 2015. Otu narị afọ nke General Relativity, 1-16, Surv. Ọ dị iche. Geom. [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] '''Akwụkwọ teknụzụ''' * Choquet-Bruhat, Yvonne; DeWitt-Morette, Cécile; Dillard-Bleick, Margaret. ''Analysis, manifolds and physics.'' Second edition. North-Holland Publishing Co., Amsterdam-New York, 1982. xx+630 pp.   * Choquet-Bruhat, Yvonne; DeWitt-Morette, Cécile. ''Analysis, manifolds and physics. Part II.'' North-Holland Publishing Co., Amsterdam, 1989. xii+449 pp.   * Choquet-Bruhat, Y. ''Distributions.'' (French) Théorie et problèmes. Masson et Cie, Éditeurs, Paris, 1973. x+232 pp. * Choquet-Bruhat, Yvonne. ''General relativity and the Einstein equations.'' Oxford Mathematical Monographs. Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2009. xxvi+785 pp.   * Choquet-Bruhat, Y. ''Géométrie différentielle et systèmes extérieurs.'' Préface de A. Lichnerowicz. Monographies Universitaires de Mathématiques, No. 28 Dunod, Paris 1968 xvii+328 pp. * Choquet-Bruhat, Yvonne. ''Graded bundles and supermanifolds.'' Monographs and Textbooks in Physical Science. Lecture Notes, 12. Bibliopolis, Naples, 1989. xii+94 pp.   * Choquet-Bruhat, Yvonne. ''Introduction to general relativity, black holes, and cosmology.'' With a foreword by Thibault Damour. Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2015. xx+279 pp.   * Choquet-Bruhat, Y. ''Problems and solutions in mathematical physics.'' Translated from the French by C. Peltzer. Translation editor, J.J. Brandstatter Holden-Day, Inc., San Francisco, Calif.-London-Amsterdam 1967 x+315 pp. '''Akwụkwọ ya a ma ama''' * Choquet-Bruhat, Yvonne. ''Nwaanyị na-eme mgbakọ na mwepụ na mbara igwe a dị ịtụnanya: ihe ncheta.'' A sụgharịrị ya site na 2016 French mbụ. World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] x+351 peeji nke   == Major publications == '''Isiokwu''' *   * [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] ''Akụkụ zuru ụwa ọnụ nke nsogbu Cauchy na General Relativity.'' [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] mgbakọ na mwepụ. Phys. 14 (1969), 329–335. [[doi:10.1007/BF01645389]]   '''Isiokwu nnyocha''' * Bruhat, Yvonne ''Nsogbu Cauchy.'' Gravitation: Nkwupụta maka nnyocha ugbu a, peeji nke 130-168, Wiley, New York, 1962.&nbsp; * Choquet-Bruhat, Yvonne; York, James W. Jr. ''Nsogbu Cauchy.'' General Relativity and Gravity, Vol. 1, peeji nke 99-172, Plenum, New York-London, 1980.&nbsp; * Choquet-Bruhat, Yvonne. ''Theorems nke ike dị mma.'' Relativity, òtù na topology, II (Les Houches, 1983), 739-785, North-Holland, Amsterdam, 1984. * Choquet-Bruhat, Yvonne. ''Nsonaazụ na nsogbu ndị a emeghere na mgbakọ na mwepụ n'ozuzu.'' Milan J. Math 75 (2007), 273–289. * Choquet-Bruhat, Yvonne. ''Mmalite nke nsogbu Cauchy maka usoro nhazi nke Einstein.'' Nnyocha na geometry dị iche iche 2015. Otu narị afọ nke General Relativity, 1-16, Surv. Ọ dị iche. Geom. '''Akwụkwọ teknụzụ''' * Choquet-Bruhat, Yvonne; DeWitt-Morette, Cécile; Dillard-Bleick, Margaret. ''Analysis, manifolds and physics.'' Second edition. North-Holland Publishing Co., Amsterdam-New York, 1982. xx+630 pp.   * Choquet-Bruhat, Yvonne; DeWitt-Morette, Cécile. ''Analysis, manifolds and physics. Part II.'' North-Holland Publishing Co., Amsterdam, 1989. xii+449 pp.   * Choquet-Bruhat, Y. ''Distributions.'' (French) Théorie et problèmes. Masson et Cie, Éditeurs, Paris, 1973. x+232 pp. * Choquet-Bruhat, Yvonne. ''General relativity and the Einstein equations.'' Oxford Mathematical Monographs. Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2009. xxvi+785 pp.   * Choquet-Bruhat, Y. ''Géométrie différentielle et systèmes extérieurs.'' Préface de A. Lichnerowicz. Monographies Universitaires de Mathématiques, No. 28 Dunod, Paris 1968 xvii+328 pp. * Choquet-Bruhat, Yvonne. ''Graded bundles and supermanifolds.'' Monographs and Textbooks in Physical Science. Lecture Notes, 12. Bibliopolis, Naples, 1989. xii+94 pp.   * Choquet-Bruhat, Yvonne. ''Introduction to general relativity, black holes, and cosmology.'' With a foreword by Thibault Damour. Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2015. xx+279 pp.   * Choquet-Bruhat, Y. ''Problems and solutions in mathematical physics.'' Translated from the French by C. Peltzer. Translation editor, J.J. Brandstatter Holden-Day, Inc., San Francisco, Calif.-London-Amsterdam 1967 x+315 pp. '''Akwụkwọ ya a ma ama''' * Choquet-Bruhat, Yvonne. ''Nwaanyị na-eme mgbakọ na mwepụ na mbara igwe a dị ịtụnanya: ihe ncheta.'' A sụgharịrị ya site na 2016 French mbụ. World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] x+351 peeji nke   == Ihe nrite == * Ihe nrite ọlaọcha nke National Center of Scientific Research, 1958 * Ihe nrite Henri de Parville nke Académie des Sciences, 1963 * Onye otu (site na 1965), Kọmitii Mba Nile nke Relativite Generale na Gravitation (onye isi oche 1980-1983) * Onye otu, Académie des Sciences, Paris (ahọpụtara 1979) * A họpụtara ya na American Academy of Arts and Sciences n'afọ 1985 * Njikọ maka ụmụ nwanyị na mgbakọ na mwepụ Noether Lecturer, 1986 * Onye Ọchịagha nke Legion of Honor, 1997 * Ihe nrite Dannie Heineman maka Mathematical Physics, 2003 * E buliri ya n'ọkwa ịbụ 'Grand Officier' na 'Grand Croix' na Légion d'Honneur n'afọ 2008. == Ebemsidee == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20081202022121/http://www.physics.ucla.edu/~cwp/Phase2/Choquet-Bruhat,_Yvonne@922345678.html Enyemaka nke ụmụ nwanyị narị afọ nke iri abụọ na physics] * [http://www.agnesscott.edu/lriddle/women/bruhat.htm "Yvonne Choquet-Bruhat", Akụkọ ndụ nke ụmụ nwanyị na-eme mgbakọ na mwepụ], Agnes Scott CollegeKọleji Agnes Scott * {{Cite journal|title=A two-part feature: The Mathematics of Gravitational waves|author=Christina Sormani|journal=[[Notices of the American Mathematical Society]]|volume=64|issue=7|date=August 2017|pages=684–707|issn=1088-9477|doi=10.1090/noti1551}} * Nsụgharị Bekee nke akwụkwọ nke afọ 1952, Existence theorem maka usoro ụfọdụ nke nhazi ọdịiche na-abụghị nke ahịrị[https://www.mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de/sites/default/files/Preprints/P480.pdf Theorem nke ịdị adị maka usoro ụfọdụ nke nhazi ọdịiche na-abụghị nke ahịrị] {{Authority control}} [[Otú:Ezinụlọ Bruhat]] [[Otú:Ụmụ nwanyị]] [[Otú:Ndị nwụrụ n'afọ 2025]] [[Otú:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 94cs1ob2zz9ndcatb9sc6i8ootu3jy1 0 66665 644155 497056 2026-05-30T17:48:24Z Goodymeraj 16207 /* Ndị ọzọ */ 644155 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elizabeth Jill Cowley''' (amụrụ n'afọ 1940) bụ onye ọka mmụta ihe ọkụkụ nke Britain, onye rụworo ọrụ na Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Mmasị ya agụnyere na ahịhịa na-ekpo ọkụ nke East Africa na ọdịdị ala Mgbe ọ rụsịrị ọrụ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ ọta akara na Tadworth, Surrey, ọ gara nkuzi horticultural na Merrist Wood Farm Institute (1958), wee rụọ ọrụ na Elm Garden Nurseries, Claygate afọ asatọ. Ọ rụkwara ọrụ na Geneva, Switzerland, na Millers nke Send, na nso Guildford.<ref>{{Cite journal|date=1992|title=Kew Guild Committee Spotlight|url=https://issuu.com/kewguildjournal/docs/v11s96p1-all|journal=The Journal of the Kew Guild|volume=11|pages=16}}</ref> Ọ malitere ịrụ ọrụ na Kew Gardens na 1968 na Temperate House, mpaghara Himalaya. N'afọ 1972 ọ kwagara ịrụ ọrụ na Herbarium, na-arụ ọrụ na monocots petaloid, ọ lara ezumike nká n'afọ 2000. O sonyere na njem nchịkọta na Korea, Turkey na China. Ọ nọgidere bụrụ onye na-eme nchọpụta na-asọpụrụ.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Woodhams|first=J R|date=2001|title=News of Kewites at Home and Abroad in 2000|url=https://issuu.com/kewguildjournal/docs/v13s105p421-all|journal=The Journal of the Kew Guild|volume=13|issue=105|pages=453}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|date=2003|title=Jill Cowley|url=https://issuu.com/kewguildjournal/docs/v14s108p184-all|journal=The Journal of the Kew Guild|volume=14|issue=108|pages=197}}</ref> A mụrụ Elizabeth Jill Bedwell, ọ lụrụ Richard Cowley, nwa akwụkwọ Kew, na 1970. == Ụfọdụ akwụkwọ == === Akwụkwọ === *   *   *   === Ndị ọzọ === *   *   *   == Edemsibia == {{Reflist}} [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 5tiooj7j7q8pxss0ofmp06o44cians3 644156 644155 2026-05-30T17:48:45Z Goodymeraj 16207 /* Edemsibia */ 644156 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elizabeth Jill Cowley''' (amụrụ n'afọ 1940) bụ onye ọka mmụta ihe ọkụkụ nke Britain, onye rụworo ọrụ na Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Mmasị ya agụnyere na ahịhịa na-ekpo ọkụ nke East Africa na ọdịdị ala Mgbe ọ rụsịrị ọrụ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ ọta akara na Tadworth, Surrey, ọ gara nkuzi horticultural na Merrist Wood Farm Institute (1958), wee rụọ ọrụ na Elm Garden Nurseries, Claygate afọ asatọ. Ọ rụkwara ọrụ na Geneva, Switzerland, na Millers nke Send, na nso Guildford.<ref>{{Cite journal|date=1992|title=Kew Guild Committee Spotlight|url=https://issuu.com/kewguildjournal/docs/v11s96p1-all|journal=The Journal of the Kew Guild|volume=11|pages=16}}</ref> Ọ malitere ịrụ ọrụ na Kew Gardens na 1968 na Temperate House, mpaghara Himalaya. N'afọ 1972 ọ kwagara ịrụ ọrụ na Herbarium, na-arụ ọrụ na monocots petaloid, ọ lara ezumike nká n'afọ 2000. O sonyere na njem nchịkọta na Korea, Turkey na China. Ọ nọgidere bụrụ onye na-eme nchọpụta na-asọpụrụ.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Woodhams|first=J R|date=2001|title=News of Kewites at Home and Abroad in 2000|url=https://issuu.com/kewguildjournal/docs/v13s105p421-all|journal=The Journal of the Kew Guild|volume=13|issue=105|pages=453}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|date=2003|title=Jill Cowley|url=https://issuu.com/kewguildjournal/docs/v14s108p184-all|journal=The Journal of the Kew Guild|volume=14|issue=108|pages=197}}</ref> A mụrụ Elizabeth Jill Bedwell, ọ lụrụ Richard Cowley, nwa akwụkwọ Kew, na 1970. == Ụfọdụ akwụkwọ == === Akwụkwọ === *   *   *   === Ndị ọzọ === *   *   *   == Edensibịa == {{Reflist}} [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] r9fatxkmwr4a9yqkm27wvdjrzpk5xlj 644157 644156 2026-05-30T17:49:29Z Goodymeraj 16207 644157 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elizabeth Jill Cowley''' (amụrụ n'afọ 1940) bụ onye ọka mmụta ihe ọkụkụ nke Britain, onye rụworo ọrụ na Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Mmasị ya agụnyere na ahịhịa na-ekpo ọkụ nke East Africa na ọdịdị ala Mgbe ọ rụsịrị ọrụ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ ọta akara na Tadworth, Surrey, ọ gara nkuzi horticultural na Merrist Wood Farm Institute (1958), wee rụọ ọrụ na Elm Garden Nurseries, Claygate afọ asatọ. Ọ rụkwara ọrụ na Geneva, Switzerland, na Millers nke Send, na nso Guildford.<ref>{{Cite journal|date=1992|title=Kew Guild Committee Spotlight|url=https://issuu.com/kewguildjournal/docs/v11s96p1-all|journal=The Journal of the Kew Guild|volume=11|pages=16}}</ref> Ọ malitere ịrụ ọrụ na Kew Gardens na 1968 na Temperate House, mpaghara Himalaya. N'afọ 1972 ọ kwagara ịrụ ọrụ na Herbarium, na-arụ ọrụ na monocots petaloid, ọ lara ezumike nká n'afọ 2000. O sonyere na njem nchịkọta na Korea, Turkey na China. Ọ nọgidere bụrụ onye na-eme nchọpụta na-asọpụrụ.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Woodhams|first=J R|date=2001|title=News of Kewites at Home and Abroad in 2000|url=https://issuu.com/kewguildjournal/docs/v13s105p421-all|journal=The Journal of the Kew Guild|volume=13|issue=105|pages=453}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|date=2003|title=Jill Cowley|url=https://issuu.com/kewguildjournal/docs/v14s108p184-all|journal=The Journal of the Kew Guild|volume=14|issue=108|pages=197}}</ref> A mụrụ Elizabeth Jill Bedwell, ọ lụrụ Richard Cowley, nwa akwụkwọ Kew, na 1970. == Ụfọdụ akwụkwọ == === Akwụkwọ === *   *   *   === Ndị ọzọ === *   *   *   == Edensibịa == {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cowley, Elizabeth Jill}} [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] qm3y5prb54svcut1tx92pu98qrynbjp 0 66707 644371 497613 2026-05-30T22:12:00Z Sayvhior 13464 /* Ọrụ */ 644371 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Vera Grabe Loewenherz''' bụ onye Colombia but okay mmụta gbasara mmadụ, onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, na onye bụbu onye otu ndị agha Colombia M-19, nke ọ bụkwa onye nchoputa. == Ọrụ == Nne na nna ya si Germany kwaga Colombia.<ref name="elpais111223" /> Mgbe ọ rụchara ọrụ na M-19, ọ laghachiri n'obodo site na nkwekọrịta udo nke nyere ndị nnupụisi ohere iwepụ ngwá agha ma ghara ịnata mmegwara ọ bụla site n'aka Gọọmentị. O nwere nzere masta na akụkọ ihe mere eme na Mahadum nke Andes na nzere doctorate na Peace, Conflict and Democracy na Mahadum nke Granada, Spain.<ref name="elpais111223" /> N'okpuru ọkọlọtọ nke M-19 Democratic Alliance, otu ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nke sitere na otu ndị agha mbụ, a họpụtara ya na Congress, nke mbụ dị ka onye nnọchi anya ụlọ, mgbe ahụ dị ka Senator nke Colombia. Na Ntuli aka onye isi ala nke Colombia nke afọ 2002 ọ gbara ọsọ dị ka osote onye isi ala maka Luis Eduardo Garzón na tiketi Social and Political Front . <ref>{{Cite news|title=¿Quiénes son los candidatos?|url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/hi/spanish/specials/elecciones_en_colombia/newsid_1994000/1994387.stm|work=Elecciones en Colombia|publisher=[[BBC Mundo]]|date=18 May 2002|accessdate=26 May 2009|language=es}}</ref> Ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye nnọchi anya ụlọ ọrụ na ikike mmadụ na Embassy nke Colombia na Spain, only is nke NGO Observatorio para la Paz (1998-1999), prọfesọ na onye nchịkọta akụkọ, na onye na-akwado udo.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://universidad.edu.co/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&catid=16:noticias&id=19:las-personalidades-del-plan-decenal-de-educaci|title=Las personalidades del Plan Decenal de Educación (abril)|publisher=El Observatorio de la Universidad Colombiana|accessdate=25 May 2009|language=es}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.mineducacion.gov.co/cvn/1665/article-110596.html|title=Movilización social para la construcción del Plan Decenal de Educación 2006-2015|publisher=Ministerio de Educación Nacional|accessdate=25 May 2009|language=es|archivedate=20 June 2009|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090620203157/http://www.mineducacion.gov.co/cvn/1665/article-110596.html}}</ref> Gọọmentị Colombia họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ onye isi mkparita ụka ya na National Liberation Army (ELN) na ọnwa Disemba 2023. <ref name="elpais111223">{{Cite web|title=Vera Grabe es designada como jefe negociadora del Gobierno en la mesa con el ELN|url=https://www.elpais.com.co/colombia/vera-grabe-es-designada-como-jefe-negociadora-del-gobierno-en-la-mesa-con-el-eln-1125.html|work=Noticias de Cali, Valle y Colombia - Periodico: Diario El País|accessdate=13 December 2023|language=spanish|date=11 December 2023}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.elpais.com.co/colombia/vera-grabe-es-designada-como-jefe-negociadora-del-gobierno-en-la-mesa-con-el-eln-1125.html "Vera Grabe es designada como jefe negociadora del Gobierno en la mesa con el ELN"]. ''Noticias de Cali, Valle y Colombia - Periodico: Diario El País'' (in Spanish). 11 December 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 December</span> 2023</span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 Spanish-language sources (es)]]</ref> == Edensibia == <references /> == Akwụkwọ == * {{Cite book|author=Durán|first=Mauricio García|title=M-19's Journey from Armed Struggle to Democratic Politics: Striving to Keep the Revolution Connected to the People|date=2008|publisher=Berghof Research Center for Constructive Conflict Management|isbn=978-3-927783-87-4|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1O35OwAACAAJ|accessdate=13 December 2023|language=en}} * {{Cite book|author=Grabe|first=Vera|title=La paz como revolución: M-19|date=2017|publisher=Taller de Edición Rocca|isbn=978-958-56157-4-8|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=psbrtAEACAAJ|accessdate=13 December 2023|language=es}} [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] p1nqnwfpv2wopwi8e1wyw2miaxi9xss 0 66744 644299 497709 2026-05-30T20:36:17Z Sylvaline39 15355 fixed reference error 644299 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Uzoamaka Cynthia Ginikachukwu Onuoha''' bụ onye Naijiria na-eme ihe nkiri A mAara maka ọrụ ya na [[Film|ihe nkiri]], telivishọn, na mmepụta nke nkwago . O nwetara mmata mba site na ọrụ ndu ya na ''[[Diiche]]'', usoro izizi izizi mbụ nke Nigeria nke Showmax, nke natara nhọpụta asaa na [[Africa Magic Viewers' Choice Awards]] (AMVCA) n'afọ 2023. <ref name="BellaNaija2025">{{Cite web|title=First-Time AMVCA Nominees You Need to Know|url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2025/04/first-time-amvca-nominees-2025-debut/|work=BellaNaija|date=April 2025|accessdate=May 11, 2025}}</ref> <ref name="Pulse">{{Cite web|title=Uzoamaka Onuoha wins Best Female Performance in a feature at AFRIFF, 2024|url=https://www.pulse.ng/articles/entertainment/movies/uzoamaka-onuoha-wins-best-female-performance-in-a-feature-at-afriff-2024-2024111911252391335|work=Pulse|date=November 2024|accessdate=May 16, 2025}}</ref> <ref name="Youtube">{{Cite web|title=All It Takes To Be A Multi-Talented Actor - Uzoamaka Onuoha|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9Btrn3Yg66U|work=Youtube|publisher=Tvc News|date=November 2024|accessdate=May 16, 2025}}</ref> == Mmalite Ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ == A mụrụ Onuoha na [[Ȯra Lagos|Lagos State]] Naịjiria, ma o si Awo-Idemili n'okpuru ọchịchị obodo nke Orsu nke [[Ọ̀hà Ímò|Imo State]] . Ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ na [[University of Nigeria|Mahadum Nigeria, Nsukka]], wee gụchaa akara ugo mmụta elu nke abụọ n'amụma ihe nkiri. Ọ gara n'ihu nweta ọzụzụ n'ihe ngosi ihuenyo na [[EbonyLife Creative Academy]] n'okpuru onye ntụzi South Africa bụ Drikus Volschenk na 2021. <ref name="ThisDay">{{Cite web|title=Uzoamaka Onuoha: I'm Honing My Craft,hoping for superlative rewards|url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2024/11/30/uzoamaka-onuoha-im-honing-my-craft-hoping-forsuperlative-rewards/|work=ThisDayLive|date=November 2024|accessdate=May 16, 2025}}</ref> == Ọrụm == {| class="wikitable sortable" !Year !Title !Role !Notes |- |2018 |''[[Ọ bụrụ na Abụ m Onye isi ala|If I am President]]'' |Zina's Team | |- |2019 |''Ordinary Fellows'' |Efya | |- |2020 |''Omugwo'' |Ada |Short Film |- | rowspan="3" |2021 |''Reflections'' |Dr. Asa |Short Film |- |''[[King of Boys: The Return of the King]]'' |Reporter |T.V Mini Series (Episode 1) |- |''Stories by Her'' | |Short Film |- | rowspan="7" |2022 |''Blood Sisters (2022 TV series)'' |Hotel Clerk |T.V Mini Series (Episode 1) |- |''Edge of Time'' |Isi | |- |''Country Love'' | |Short Film |- |''[[Diiche]]'' |Odiiche |Lead role, Showmax original series |- |''Visa on Arrival'' |Kimberly |[[Africa Magic]], Season 1 |- |''Finding Diana'' |Aisha Coker |Premiered at Internet Governance Forum, Ethiopia |- |''[[Ọdịda Ajọ|Flawsome]]'' |Diamond 2 |Showmax Season 1 |- | rowspan="7" |2023 |''A Sunday Affair'' |Teen Toyin | |- |''Obinmapu'' |Naza |Short Film |- |''Ndeeri'' | |Short film |- |''Oriaku: The Housewife'' | |Short Film |- |''Swimming in a Sea of Trauma'' |Nkechi |Premiered at International Film Festival Rotterdam |- |''Agemo'' |Lead role |Produced by Related Motion |- |''Inside Life (2022 film)'' | |Directed by Clarence Peters, also television adaptation |- | rowspan="5" |2024 |''The Theory of Breakfast'' | |T.V Mini Series |- |''Peaceville'' | | |- |''Toll-Free'' |Rita Daniels |Short Film |- |''Penance'' |Alice |Directed by Awal Rahmat; on Amazon Prime Video |- |''Schooled'' |Didi |Produced by [[Ndani TV]] |- |2025 |''Shall We Meet Tonight'' |Susan |Premiered at BFI Flare |} === Ọrụ Nkwago === Uzoamaka emekwala ihe nkiri na nkwago ndị a ma ama na Naịjirịa: * ''Nzuzu nke ndi mmadu'' (dir. Joshua Alabi) * ''Emotan'' (dir. William Benson) * ''Isi'' (Maduegbuna Productions) * ''Mkpebi ahụ'' (emebere na [[Terra Kulture]] ) == Ihe nrite na nhọpụta == {| class="wikitable sortable" !Year !Award/Event !Category !Work !Result !Ref |- |2024 |[[Emume ihe nkiri mba ụwa nke Afrịka|AFRIFF]] |Nwa na-eme ihe ngosi ka chamma |''Agemo''|| {{Won}} |<ref name="Pulse2024">{{Cite web|title=Uzoamaka Onuoha wins Best Female Performance in a Feature at AFRIFF 2024|url=https://www.pulse.ng/articles/entertainment/movies/uzoamaka-onuoha-wins-best-female-performance-in-a-feature-at-afriff-2024-2024111911252391335|work=Pulse Nigeria|date=November 19, 2024|accessdate=May 11, 2025}}</ref> |- |2025 |[[Africa Magic Viewers' Choice Awards|AMVCA]] |Best Lead Actress |''Agemo''|| {{Nom}} |<ref name="BellaNaija2025"/> |- |– |UNN Theatre Awards |Best Actress (Female Category) |General body of work|| {{Nom}} | |} == Ndụ onwe onye == Onuoha maara asụsụ Bekee nke ọma, nakwa Igbo na Pidgin Nigeria. Ọ na-arụ ọrụ afọ ofufo na Clare Cares Foundation (CCF), nke anaghị akwụ ụgwọ na-elekwasị anya na ike ndị ntorobịa na Nigeria. O bi na Lagos State. <ref name="Whatkeptmeup">{{Cite web|title=From Arguing with Imaginary Friends to Nollywood Leading Lady: Meet Uzoamaka Onuoha|url=https://whatkeptmeup.com/specials/interviews/from-arguing-with-imaginary-friends-to-nollywood-leading-lady-meet-uzoamaka-onuoha/|work=Whatkeptmeup|date=February 2023|accessdate=May 16, 2025}}</ref> == Hụkwa == * [[Ndepụta nke ndị na-eme ihe nkiri na Naijiria|Ndepụta ndị na-eme ihe nkiri Naijiria]] * [[Ihe nkiri nke Naịjirịa|Cinema nke Nigeria]] * [[Africa Magic Viewers' Choice Awards|Nhọrọ nke Africa Magic Viewers' Choice Awards]] == Edemsibịa == <references /> [[Otú:Ndị na-eme ihe nkiri Naijiria narị afọ nke 21]] [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] mpgy9wgje2jfadc0ccrm3cqripmng61 0 66911 644022 514562 2026-05-30T13:56:39Z Chiziqa 13055 Fixed reference error 644022 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Ugwu Ynnakh''', nke a makwaara dị ka '''Arga Ynnakh Khaya'''<ref name="CM">{{Cite web|url=https://catalogmineralov.ru/mineral/kesterit.html|title=Кестерит это минерал. Физические свойства, описание, месторождения и фото. Камень Кестерит.|work=catalogmineralov.ru|accessdate=Sep 18, 2025}}</ref> (Russian: Арга Ыннах Хая), '''Gora Ulakhan Ynnakh''' (Russic: Гора Улахан Ыннах) nakwa dị ka '''Nne Ugwu''' (Rusish: Nne-Гора), bụ ugwu dị na Verkhoyansky District, Yakutia, mba Russia. A gụnyela ugwu a n'otu n'ime ihe nlere anya ọnatarachi nke mba Russia nke nwere ákàrà 1420068. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2023)">citation needed</span>]]''&#x5D;</sup> Ọ bụ ugwù dị mkpa na omenala Yakut, ebe okwu a bụ "Ynnakh" sitere na Yakut: Ыыннаах, romanized: Iınnâx, nke pụtara imenye egwu, ịdị ụjọ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/toponimiya-regionalnyh-kulturnyh-landshaftov-na-primere-verhoyanskogo-rayona-respubliki-saha-yakutiya|title=Вы точно человек?|work=КиберЛенинка|accessdate=Sep 18, 2025}}</ref> == Ọdịdị ala == Ugwu Ynnakh bụ ugwu granite dị n'ebe ugwu nke Yana Plateau n'etiti Osimiri Yana na Adycha, nke dị n'aka nri nke Yana. Ugwu ahụ na-ebili na nsọtụ ọdịda anyanwụ nke Ugwu Chersky, nọ nso n'akụkụ ọwụwa anyanwụ nke mgbada Ugwu Verkhoyansk, kilomita ole na ole iru na ndịda ọwụwa Anyanwụ nke Ese-Khayya.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://investyakutia.com/media/W1siZiIsIjIwMTgvMDIvMjAvNXV4OHcxaGFucF9fLl8ucGRmIl1d/%D0%98%D0%BD%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82.%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%20%D0%92%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%85%D0%BE%D1%8F%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9.pdf?sha=6a41ed707584fdc4|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210420051446/https://investyakutia.com/media/W1siZiIsIjIwMTgvMDIvMjAvNXV4OHcxaGFucF9fLl8ucGRmIl1d/%D0%98%D0%BD%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82.%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%20%D0%92%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%85%D0%BE%D1%8F%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9.pdf?sha=6a41ed707584fdc4|title=Инвестиционный Паспорт – муниципального образования «Верхоянский район» Республики Саха (Якутия)|archivedate=Apr 20, 2021|accessdate=Sep 18, 2025}}</ref> Ogologo ugwu ahụ bụ mita 1,609 (5,279 ft) dịka chaatị Operational Navigation si kwuo. Dị ka ederede ndị ọzọ si kwuo, ọ dị mita 1,622 (5,322 ft) n'ịdị elu. A na-ahụ akụnaụba àlà kesterite n'ugwu ahụ.<ref name="CM" /> == Akụmakụ == E nwere ọhịa dịtụ chakoo n'ebe ndagwurugwu dị ala n'okpuru ugwu ahụ. Ebe dị n'etiti na n'elu nwere Ugwu tundra na mosses na lichens.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://lichenportal.org/cnalh/collections/list.php?db=2&reset=1&country=Russia&state=&county=|title=CNALH Collection Search Parameters|accessdate=Sep 18, 2025}}</ref> == Hụkwa == * Ndepụta ugwu ndị dị na Russia == Edensibịa == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == [[Otú:Omenala Yakut]] [[Otú:Ugwu ndị dị na Sakha Republic]] pl8xs4fuw0r7ivdxnm7uklqaknkuptk 0 67009 644602 514924 2026-05-31T10:20:15Z ~2026-32314-82 62081 Fixed reference errors 644602 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Taiwo Egunjobi''' bụ onye nduzi ihe nkiri na Onye odee fim nke toro na [[Ibadan]], [[Naijiria|Naịjirịa]] <ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web|author=Tewobola|first=Shalom|date=2025-05-06|title=Taiwo Egunjobi Returns With Fire—And a Moth|url=https://culturecustodian.com/taiwo-egunjobi-returns-with-fire-and-a-moth/|accessdate=2025-10-09|work=The Culture Custodian (Est. 2014.)|language=en-GB}}</ref>. Ọrụ nduzi ya bụ The Fire and The Moth, ihe nkiri na-emegide ọnọdụ ọha na eze nke mpaghara South-Western Nigeria mere ka nkwado ya na mmekorita ya sie ike n'ịrụ ọrụ buru ibu.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Churchill|first=Ikenna|date=2025-05-07|title=Why "The Fire and the Moth" Feels Like Taiwo Egunjobi’s Truest Story|url=https://westafricaweekly.com/why-the-fire-and-the-moth-feels-like-taiwo-egunjobis-truest-story/|accessdate=2025-10-09|work=West Africa Weekly|language=en-US}}</ref> Ọ na-arụkọ ọrụ ugboro ugboro yana Isaac Ayodeji na [[Emiola Fagbenle]] n'ọrụ ya.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-05-13|title='All Na Vibes' Director, Taiwo Egunjobi, Discusses His Filmmaking Style, Recurring Politics, and Ambitions - What Kept Me Up|url=https://whatkeptmeup.com/latest-nigerian-movies/all-na-vibes-director-taiwo-egunjobi-discusses-his-filmmaking-style-recurring-politics-and-ambitions/|accessdate=2025-10-09|work=whatkeptmeup.com|language=en-US}}</ref> Ọzọkwa, ọrụ ya na-elekwasị anya na ntọala ịkpa ọchị maọbụ ịkwa émù nke obodo Nigeria.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Taiwo Egunjobi {{!}} PartyJollof TV|url=https://partyjollof.com/people/taiwo-egunjobi|accessdate=2025-10-09|work=partyjollof.com|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2023-11-14|title=AFRIFF 2023: ‘A Green Fever’ Director Taiwo Egunjobi Becomes Studio Director, Still Holds Unwavering Belief in Festivals, Criticism and Self-Improvement - What Kept Me Up|url=https://whatkeptmeup.com/specials/interviews/afriff-2023-a-green-fever-director-taiwo-egunjobi-becomes-studio-director-still-holds-unwavering-belief-in-festivals-criticism-and-self-improvement/|accessdate=2025-10-09|work=whatkeptmeup.com|language=en-US}}</ref> == Ọrụ == Ihe nkiri ndị Egunjobi duziri gụnyere, * A Green Fever (2023) <ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=Taiwo Egunjobi Talks Thrillers, Collaboration, and Tayo Faniran’s Unconventional Performance in "The Fire and the Moth"|url=https://thenollywoodreporter.com/film/taiwo-egunjobi-talks-thrillers-collaboration-and-tayo-fanirans-unconventional-performance-in-the-fire-and-the-moth/|accessdate=2025-10-09|work=Nollywood Reporter|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=Adegbola|first=Matilda|title=Taiwo Egunjobi: “There are worlds outside Lagos.”|url=https://www.innollywood.com/p/in-conversation-with-taiwo-egunjobi|accessdate=2025-10-09|work=www.innollywood.com|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=Kan|first=Toni|date=2024-04-06|title=A Green Fever: For Taiwo Egunjobi, less is more - Seyi Lasisi.|url=https://thelagosreview.ng/a-green-fever-for-taiwo-egunjobi-less-is-more-seyi-lasisi/|accessdate=2025-10-09|work=The Lagos Review|language=en-US}}</ref> * Crushed Roses (2022) * ''All Na Vibes'' (2021) * ''In Ibadan'' (2020) <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|author=Chiemeke|first=Jerry|date=2025-06-22|title=Out Of Africa: Taiwo Egunjobi Talks … The Fire And The Moth {{!}} The British Blacklist|url=https://thebritishblacklist.co.uk/out-of-africa-taiwo-egunjobi-talks-the-fire-and-the-moth/|accessdate=2025-10-09|language=en-GB}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFChiemeke2025">Chiemeke, Jerry (2025-06-22). [https://thebritishblacklist.co.uk/out-of-africa-taiwo-egunjobi-talks-the-fire-and-the-moth/ "Out Of Africa: Taiwo Egunjobi Talks … The Fire And The Moth | The British Blacklist"]<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2025-10-09</span></span>.</cite></ref> * The Fire and the Moth<ref name=":1" /> * Dwindle (2021) * In Ibadan (2021) * The Grudge * Gidi Blues<ref>{{Cite web|title=Taiwo Egunjobi - Nollywire|url=https://nollywire.com/names/taiwo-egunjobi/|accessdate=2025-10-09|language=en-GB}}</ref> == Edensibịa == <references /> [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] tgrum67z0apl9xa8aeci16ifm9j63j3 0 67106 644026 515933 2026-05-30T14:01:18Z Iwuala chisom 17246 Fixed reference errors 644026 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Sulamith Goldhaber''' ( Hebrew ; November 4, 1923 – Disemba 11, 1965), née Low, bụ ọkà mmụta sayensị nwere ike dị elu na spectroscopist molecular.[1] Goldhaber bụ ọkachamara n'ụwa na mmekọrịta nke K+ mesons na nucleons wee mee ọtụtụ nchọpụta metụtara ya. == Akụkọ ndụ == A mụrụ Sulamith Low na November 4, 1923, na Vienna, Austria.[1][2] Goldhaber tolitere na Palestine mgbe ezinụlọ ya si Austria pụọ.[1] Ọ gara Mahadum Hibru nke Jerusalem ebe ọ zutere di ya n'ọdịnihu, Gerson Goldhaber.[1] Goldhaber gụsịrị akwụkwọ na M.Sc. na 1947, ma lụọ Gerson n'otu afọ ahụ.[1] Ndị Goldhabers kwagara United States ịchụso doctorate na Mahadum Wisconsin – Madison nke enyere ha na 1951.[1] [2] Di na nwunye ahụ na nwa ha nwoke bụ Amos Nathaniel kwagara Mahadum Columbia dị na New York City, bụ ebe Gerson rụrụ ọrụ na ngalaba physics, Sulamith, n'agbanyeghị ogo ya na kemịkal anụ ahụ, chọtara ọrụ dị ka onye inyeaka Jack Steinberger, na-arụ ọrụ na ihe ndị e weere n'oge ahụ dị elu ume na Nevis Laboratory of Columbia.. Goldhaber ghọrọ nwa amaala United States na 1953.[1] Ndị Goldhabers kwagara Berkeley, California, na 1953 mgbe e nyere Gerson ọrụ dịka osote prọfesọ na Mahadum California.[2] Ọ bụ ezie na Goldhaber na-arụbu ọrụ na kemistri anụ ahụ, ọ nwere ike ịgbanwe gaa na physics ume dị elu wee mepụta mmekorita ya na di ya na-arụ ọrụ na emulsion nuklia. Ndị Goldhabers nwere olile anya iji usoro emulsion nuklia ha na Bevatron mepere emepe - n'oge ahụ ike ngwa ngwa na-arụ ọrụ - ọ bụkwa site na usoro ha ka ha hụrụ ụfọdụ n'ime mmekọrịta mbụ n'etiti K- mesons na protons.[2]. Iji Bevatron na usoro emulsion nuklia Goldhaber bụ onye mbụ hụrụ na-ekewa oke na ebubo E hyperons yana mmekọrịta mbụ nke nuklia nke antiproton. N'afọ ndị 1960, ndị Goldhabers ghọtara na ha kwesịrị ịmalite iji ụlọ afụ iji gaa n'ihu na ọmụmụ ha kama emulsion nuklia nke mere na ha malitere "Goldhaber-Trilling Group" na George Trilling.[1] [2] Goldhaber ghọrọ onye ọkachamara ama ama na physics hydrogen afụ ọnụ, na-enweta ogologo ndepụta akwụkwọ ịkpọ òkù na okwu ọgbakọ.[1] Ndị Goldhabers bụ ndị mbụ tụlere spine nke K* meson na ndị mbụ na-amụ mmepụta nke ụzọ abụọ nke steeti resonant n'otu oge.[1][2] Ha chepụtakwara eserese triangle iji nyere aka na nyocha ha.[1][2] Na mbido oge a, ndị Goldhabers bụ ndị Ford Foundation ibe na CERN ebe ha na B. Peters dekọtara akụkọ CERN. Goldhaber nọ na-achọsi ike dị ka onye na-ekwu okwu na ogbako sayensị n'ihi ikike o nwere n'ọhịa ya, na ike ya ikwupụta onwe ya nke ọma. Goldhaber nyere okwu mmepụta na mmekọrịta nke mesons dị arọ na hyperons na 1956 Rochester Conference nke gosipụtara mgbanwe site na nyocha nke na-adabere [[Mbara igwe radieshon|na mbara igwe]] gaa na nyocha ngwa ngwa ngwa ngwa na ọmụmụ ihe dị iche iche . N'oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ nke 1965, Goldhabers weere ụbọchị izu ike iji gaa gburugburu ụwa na-eleta ụlọ nyocha ike dị elu ma na-enye nkuzi. Ha buru ụzọ kwụsị na Oxford maka ogbako European biennial on high energy physics, na mgbe ahụ CERN ka Goldhaber nwee ike ikwurịta ụzọ nke ime ihe nkiri akpaka na [[Hough-Powell device|ngwaọrụ Berkeley's Hough-Powell]] . Ndị Goldhabers wee gaa Ankara ịga nkuzi, wee nọrọ otu ọnwa na Weizmann Institute maka nkwadebe maka nkuzi Sulamith ga-enye na Madras, India. Na Madras Goldhaber nwere ọrịa strok . Ịwa ahụ nyocha gosipụtara etuto ụbụrụ na-eto eto. Ọ nwụrụ na-enwetaghachighị onwe ya na Disemba 11, 1965. Goldhaber nwere otu nwa nwoke na di ya aha ya bụ Emọs . <ref name="CV"/> Ndị enyi ya na ndị ọrụ ibe ya chetara ya dị ka "ọkà mmụta sayensị a ma ama, ezigbo onye nwe ụlọ na onye nnabata, na nwunye na nne nwere obi ike". == Ihe nrite na nkwanye ugwu == * Onye otu Sigma Xi<ref name="CV">{{Cite web|url=http://cwp.library.ucla.edu/Phase2/Goldhaber,_Sulamith@812345678.html|title=Sulamith Goldhaber|accessdate=2008-04-28|publisher=University of California, Los Angeles}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[http://cwp.library.ucla.edu/Phase2/Goldhaber,_Sulamith@812345678.html "Sulamith Goldhaber"]. </cite></ref> * 1964-65 Guggenheim Fellowship<ref name="CV" /><ref name="GFellow">{{Cite web|url=http://www.gf.org/gfellow.html|title=Fellows whose last names begin with G|accessdate=2008-04-28|publisher=John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation|quote='''Sulamith Goldhaber''', ''Deceased''. Particle Physics: 1964.|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080214123114/http://www.gf.org/gfellow.html <!-- Bot retrieved archive -->|archivedate=2008-02-14}}</ref> * 1960-61 Ford Foundation Fellow<ref name="CV" /> == Edensibịa == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == fzvtz253jhqk56hc0zyiqe88hcynr8d 0 67192 644489 516652 2026-05-31T05:46:01Z Nachi kim 20090 Fixed reference error 644489 wikitext text/x-wiki   {| class="infobox biography vcard" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-above" |<div class="fn">Tewolde Berhan Gebre Egziabher</div> |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="font-size: 125%" |<div class="nickname" lang="ti"><templatestyles src="Nobold/styles.css" /><span class="nobold">Ọ na-egbuke egbuke</span></div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |A mụrụ ya | class="infobox-data" | <span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1940-02-19</span>)</span> 19 Febụwarị 1940<div class="birthplace" style="display:inline">Adwa, Tigray Governorate, Italian East Africa (nke dị ugbu a na Tigray Region, Ethiopia) </div> <br /> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Nwụrụ | class="infobox-data" |20 Machị 2023 <span style="display:none">(2023-03-20)</span> (afọ 83) &nbsp; |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Mba | class="infobox-data category" |Onye Etiopia |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Alma mater&nbsp; | class="infobox-data" |<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css" /><div class="plainlist"> * Mahadum Haile Selassie nke Mbụ * Mahadum nke North Wales </div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Onyinye | class="infobox-data" |Ihe nrite nke ndụ ziri ezi |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" |<templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles>'''Ọrụ sayensị''' |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Onye ndụmọdụ doctoral | class="infobox-data" |Prọfesọ P. Greig Smith (Ph.D.) |} '''Tewolde Berhan Gebre Egziabher''' (19 Febrụwarị 1940 – 20 Maachị 2023) bụ ọkà mmụta sayensị Etiopia onye meriri ihe nrite nri nri ziri ezi na 2000 "maka ọrụ ihe atụ ya ichekwa ụdị ndụ dị iche iche na ikike ọdịnala nke ndị ọrụ ugbo na obodo na akụrụngwa mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa ha. == Akụkọ ndụ == A mụrụ Tewolde na Adwa, obodo dị na Tigray Region na 19 February n'afọ 1940. Ọ bụ nwanne onye ode akwụkwọ ama ama Sebhat Gebre-Egziabher. Ọ gara ụlọ akwụkwọ elementrị Negeste Saba (Queen of Sheba) na Adwa site na October n'afọ 1951 ruo n'afọJune 1955. A nabatara Tewolde na General Wingate Secondary School na Addis Ababa wee gụọ akwụkwọ n'ebe ahụ site na Septemba n'afọ 1955 ruo Julaị 1959. A nabatara ya na Addis Ababa (mgbe ahụ Haile Selassie I) University, Addis Ababa ebe ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ site na Septemba n'afọ 1959 ruo Julaị n'afọ 1963 merie gold melor. maka gụsịrị akwụkwọ kacha mma na ngalaba sayensị. Ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ na School of Plant Biology, Mahadum North Wales site na Ọktoba n'afọ 1966 – Nov. n'afọ 1969 wee nye ya PhD n'okpuru Prof. P. Greig Smith. Ph.D.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ces.uc.pt/emancipa/cv/gen/egziabher.html|title=Tewolde Behran Grebe Egziabher|author=|first=|date=2002|work=|publisher=Centro de Estudos Sociais Laboratório Associado Universidade de Coimbra|accessdate=}}</ref> Tewolde rụrụ ọrụ na Ngalaba Biology na Mahadum Addis Ababa site n'afọ 1963, na-eje ozi dị ka onye nnyemaaka gụsịrị akwụkwọ, osote onye nkuzi, na osote prọfesọ. A họpụtara ya onye isi ngalaba nke Sayensị n'afọ 1974, wee jee ozi n'ọrụ a ruo n'afọ 1978, mgbe a họpụtara ya onye isi prọfesọ nke bayoloji. N'afọ 1978 ọ malitekwara ịrụ ọrụ nwa oge na Sayensị Sayensị na Nkà na ụzụ Etiopia dị ka onye ndu nke IDRC-UNU na-akwado ọrụ nyocha "Nchọpụta na mmepe na Ntọala ime obodo". Site n'afọ 1980 ruo n'afọ 1996, ọ bụ onye ndu oru ngo nke Ethiopian Flora Project, <ref name="UNEP">{{Cite web|url=http://staging.unep.org/champions/laureates/2006/tewolde.asp#sthash.EZYuFvZu.dpbs|archiveurl=http://webarchive.loc.gov/all/20150407125159/http://staging.unep.org/champions/laureates/2006/tewolde.asp#sthash.EZYuFvZu.dpbs|title=2006 Laureates|date=2006|publisher=United Nations Environment Programme|archivedate=2015-04-07}}</ref> na-arụ ọrụ na Olov na Inga Hedberg. <ref name="SD">{{Cite journal|author=Sebsebe Demissew|title=The Ethiopian Flora Project: Lessons learnt|journal=Proceedings of the 4th Global Botanic Gardens Congress|date=June 2010|url=https://www.bgci.org/files/Dublin2010/papers/Demissew-Sebsebe.pdf|accessdate=22 December 2024}}</ref> A họpụtara Tewolde ka ọ bụrụ onye isi oche nke Mahadum Asmara n'afọ 1983, ma nọrọ n'ọkwa a ruo n'afọ 1994. Site na Machị 1995 ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye isi njikwa nke Nchekwa gburugburu ebe obibi Etiopia. <ref name="UNEP"/> N'ime 1990s, Tewolde tinyere ike ya n'ime mkparita uka nke di iche iche metụtara ihe di iche iche di iche iche di iche iche di iche iche di iche iche, karịsịa Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) na Food and Agriculture Organisation. N'oge a, o wulitere otu siri ike nke ndị na-akparịta ụka n'Africa dị njikere nke ọma bụ ndị malitere ibu ụzọ na G77 na China Group. Afrịka ji n'otu, siri ike, ọnọdụ na-aga n'ihu, dị ka enweghị ikike na ihe ndị dị ndụ na nnabata nke ikike obodo. Nke a mere ka ndị G77 na China nwee mkparịta ụka siri ike Tewolde nyere aka n'inweta ndụmọdụ sitere n'aka Òtù Na-ahụ Maka Ịdị n'Otu Africa (OAU) na-agba mba Africa ume ịzụlite na mejuputa ikike obodo, otu ọnọdụ dị n'akụkụ azụmahịa metụtara azụmahịa nke ikike ikike ọgụgụ isi, na nkwụsi ike doro anya megide patent na ndụ. Tewolde duzikwara idebe iwu ụkpụrụ OAU maka ikike obodo, bụ nke a na-eji ugbu a dịka ntọala mba Africa niile. Na mkparita uka biosafety nke afọ 1999 na Cartagena, Colombia, Tewolde bu onye nkwuchite anya otutu mba G77, nke akporo 'Like Minded Group'. Mkparịta ụka ndị a kwụsịrị n'oge na-adịghị anya, mana ha rutere na njedebe na-aga nke ọma na Montreal na Jenụwarị n'afọ 2000.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.worldfuturecouncil.org/p/tewolde-berhan-gebre-egziabher/|title=Dr. Tewolde Berhan Gebre Egziabher|work=www.worldfuturecouncil.org|publisher=World Future Council|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161224234356/https://www.worldfuturecouncil.org/p/tewolde-berhan-gebre-egziabher/|archivedate=2016-12-24}}</ref> Nduzi Tewolde nke otu Like Minded Group na mkparita uka ahu nyere oke aka n'inweta ihe ga-adi na mmegide US na EU siri ike - nke na-echekwa biosafety na di iche iche di iche iche ma kwanyere ikike omenala na obodo n'obodo ndi na-emepe emepe..<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.africansuccess.org/visuFiche.php?id=686&lang=en|title=Biography of Tewolde Berhan GEBRE EGZIABHER|author=|first=|date=19 January 2009|work=www.africansuccess.org/|publisher=African Success|accessdate=}}</ref> A kpọkwara Tewolde otu n'ime ndị mmeri n'afọ 2006 nke ihe nrite gburugburu ebe obibi kachasị elu nke United Nations, Ndị mmeri nke Ụwa. Ọ bụkwa onye otu World Future Council. Tewolde nwụrụ na 20 Machị n'afọ 2023, mgbe ọ dị afọ 83. <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://rightlivelihood.org/news/ethiopian-laureate-tewolde-berhan-who-fought-for-biodiversity-and-community-rights-dies-at-83/|title=Ethiopian Laureate Tewolde Berhan, who fought for biodiversity and community rights, dies at 83|accessdate=22 March 2023|work=rightlivelihood.org|date=22 March 2022}}</ref> == Onyinye == * Ihe nrite Right Livelihood (2000) * Ndị mmeri nke ụwa (2006) == Edemsibia == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * Akụkọ ndụ na Right Livelihood Award[https://web.archive.org/web/20060427112430/http://www.rightlivelihood.org/recip/egziabher.htm Ihe nrite nke ndụ ziri ezi] {{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Tewolde Berhan Gebre Egziabher}} [[Otú:Pages with unreviewed translations]] f0cyav7sgq3glr6011s4gvdq6k0vt4r 0 67197 644574 516673 2026-05-31T08:13:22Z ~2026-32314-82 62081 Fixed reference errors 644574 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Sydney Brenner''' CH FRS FMedSci MAE (13 Jenụwarị 1927 - 5 Eprel 2019) <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/04/05/obituaries/sydney-brenner-dead.html|title=Sydney Brenner, a Decipherer of the Genetic Code, Is Dead at 92|first=Nicholas|author=Wade|date=5 April 2019|work=The New York Times|accessdate=8 April 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|author=White|first=John|date=2020|title=Sydney Brenner. 13 January 1927—5 April 2019|journal=Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society|volume=69|pages=78–108|doi=10.1098/rsbm.2020.0022}}</ref> bụ onye [[South Africa]] nwere akara ugo mmụta maka ihe ndị dị ndụ. N'afọ 2002, ya na H. Robert Horvitz na Sir John E. Sulston kerịtara [[Ihe nrite Nobel na Physiologi ma ọ bụ Medisin|Ihe nrite Nobel na Physiology ma ọ bụ Medicine]].<ref name="fried" /> Brenner nyere aka dị ukwuu n'ịrụ ọrụ na koodu mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa, na mpaghara ndị ọzọ nke molecular biology mgbe ọ na-arụ ọrụ na Laboratory of Molecular Biology nke Medical Research Council (MRC) na Cambridge, England. O guzobere òkpò ''Caenorhabditis elegans'' dị ka ihe nlereanya maka nnyocha nke ihe ọmụmụ developmental biology, ma guzobe Molecular Sciences Institute na Berkeley, California, mba Amerika. <ref name="hodgkin">{{Cite journal|author=Hodgkin|first=JA|title=Mutations causing transformation of sexual phenotype in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans.|journal=Genetics|volume=86|issue=2 Pt. 1|year=1977|issn=0016-6731|pmid=560330|pages=275–87|doi=10.1093/genetics/86.2.275}}</ref> <ref name="BrennerElgar1993">{{Cite journal|author=Brenner|first=S.|title=Characterization of the pufferfish (Fugu) genome as a compact model vertebrate genome|journal=Nature|volume=366|issue=6452|year=1993|pages=265–68|issn=0028-0836|doi=10.1038/366265a0|pmid=8232585}}</ref><ref name="de Chadarevian2009">{{Cite journal|author=de Chadarevian|first=Soraya|title=Interview with Sydney Brenner|journal=Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part C: Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences|volume=40|issue=1|year=2009|pages=65–71|issn=1369-8486|doi=10.1016/j.shpsc.2008.12.008|pmid=19268875}}</ref><ref name="Friedberg2008">{{Cite journal|author=Friedberg|first=Errol C.|title=Sydney Brenner|journal=Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology|volume=9|issue=1|year=2008|pages=8–9|issn=1471-0072|doi=10.1038/nrm2320|pmid=18159633}}</ref><ref name="googlescholar">{{Cite web|url=https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=sydney+brenner|title=Sydney Brenner publications|publisher=[[Google Scholar]]|accessdate=28 September 2008|archivedate=18 September 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190918170110/https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=sydney+brenner}}</ref>&nbsp; == Agụmakwụkwọ na mmalite ndụ == A mụrụ Brenner n'obodo Germiston dị na Transvaal mgbe ahụ (nke dị na Gauteng taa), South Africa, na 13 Jenụwarị 1927. Nne na nna ya, Leah<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cshlpress.com/pdf/sample/BrennerBio.pdf|title=Errol C. Friedberg. Sydney Brenner: A Biography|work=cshlpress.com|accessdate=5 April 2019|archivedate=6 April 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190406060300/https://www.cshlpress.com/pdf/sample/BrennerBio.pdf}}</ref> (a mụrụ n'ezinụlọ Blecher) na Morris Brenner, bụ [[Jew|Ndị Juu]] kwagara mba ọzọ. Nna ya, onye na-eme akpụkpọ ụkwụ, si [[Lithunia|Lithuania]] bịa South Africa n'afọ 1910, nne ya si Riga, Latvia, n'afọ 1922. O nwere otu nwanne nwanyị, Phyllis.<ref name="autobiography">{{Cite web|url=https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/2002/brenner/biographical/|publisher=nobelprize.org|accessdate=6 April 2019|title=Sydney Brenner, Biographical|archivedate=23 October 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20201023073829/https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/2002/brenner/biographical/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.encyclopedia.com/topic/Sydney_Brenner.aspx|title=Brenner, Sydney (1927– ) World of Microbiology and Immunology|publisher=encyclopedia.com|accessdate=27 July 2016|archivedate=20 August 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160820164238/http://www.encyclopedia.com/topic/Sydney_Brenner.aspx}}</ref> Ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ na Germiston High School na Mahadum Witwatersrand . Ebe ọ sonyeere mahadum ahụ mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na ise, a chọpụtara n'afọ nke abụọ ya na ọ ga-adị ntorobịa ukwuu itozu maka ịrụ ọrụ ahụike na ngwụcha afọ isii ya, ya mere e nyere ya ohere inweta nzere Bachelor of Science na Anatomy na Physiology. N'oge a, Joel Mandelstam kụziiri ya physical kemịstrị, [[Alfred Oettle]] kụziiri ya microscopy, ebe [[Harold Daitz]] kụziiri ya neurology. Ọ nwetakwara nkuzi izizi banyere anthropology na paleontology site n'aka Raymond Dart na [[Robert Broom]]. Onye gụrụ histology bụ [[Joseph Gillman]] bụkwa onye nduzi nnyocha na ngalaba Anatomy rụgidere Brenner ka ọ gaa n'ihu inweta nzere mbụ ya ma karịa, inwetakwa nzere MSc. Brenner kwetara ọ bụ ezie na nke a ga-apụta na ọ gaghị agụsị akwụkwọ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụike nke ha-akwụsịkwa ego a na-akwụ ya. Ọ kwadoro onwe ya n'oge a site n'ịrụ ọrụ dị ka onye na-ahụ maka ụlọ nnyocha. Ọ bụ n'oge a, n'afọ 1945, ka Brenner ga-ebipụta ọrụ ndị sayensị mbụ ya. Akwụkwọ edemede inweta nzere Masta ya bụ na ngalaba cytogenetics na mbipụta n'oge a n'ọ́gbọ́ ọmụmụ Brenner ga-emecha kpọọ Cell Physiology.<ref name="autobiography" /> N'afọ 1946, Wilfred Le Gros Clark kpọrọ Brenner na Ngalaba Anatomy ya na Oxford, n'oge ọ gara njem nleta South Africa. A gbara Brenner ume ka ọ gụchaa agụmakwụkwọ na ngalaba ahụike ya. Brenner laghachiri n'ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụike ebe ọ dara ọmụmụ ọgwụ, ọ fọrọ nke nta ka ọ daa ịwa ahụ ma nweta nzere klas mbụ na Obstetrics na Gynecology. Mgbe ọnwa isii gachara, Brenner agụgharịchaala Medicine and Surgery ma n'afọ 1951 nweta nzere Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery (MBBCh). <ref name="autobiography" /> Brenner natara ime ngosi agụmakwụkwọ n'ezi nke afọ 1851 site na Royal Commission for the Exhibition of 1851 nke nyeere ya aka ịgụzu ma nweta nzere Doctor of Philosophy (DPhil) na Mahadum Oxford dị ka nwa akwụkwọ gụsịrị Mahadum na Exeter College, Oxford, nke Cyril Hinshelwood lekọtara. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.exeter.ox.ac.uk/people/dr-sydney-brenner/|title=Dr Sydney Brenner|work=Exeter College|language=en|accessdate=6 April 2019|archivedate=6 April 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190406012421/https://www.exeter.ox.ac.uk/people/dr-sydney-brenner/}}</ref> == Ọrụ na ime nnyocha == Mgbe ọ nwetasịrị DPhil ya, Brenner mere nnyocha na-esi inweta nzere ọkankuzi na [[California]],_Berkeley" id="mwzw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="University of California, Berkeley">Mahadum California, Berkeley . <ref name="berkeley">{{Cite web|url=https://www.salk.edu/faculty/brenner.html|title=Sydney Brenner: Senior Distinguished Fellow of the Crick-Jacobs Center|publisher=Salk Institute|accessdate=25 August 2015|archivedate=1 October 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151001010916/http://www.salk.edu/faculty/brenner.html}}</ref> Ọ nọrọ afọ iri abụọ sochirinụ na Laboratory of Molecular Biology na Cambridge. N'ebe ahụ, n'ime afọ ndị 1960, o mere ntinye na molecular biology, mgbe ahụ ọ bụ ngalaba na-apụta apụta. N'afọ 1976, ọ sonyeere Salk Institute na California . Ya na Jack Dunitz, Dorothy Hodgkin, Leslie Orgel, na [[Beryl M. Oughton]], ọ bụ otu n'ime ndị mbụ na Eprel 1953 ịhụ ihe nlereanya nke ọdịdị DNA, nke Francis Crick na James Watson wuru; n'oge ahụ ya na ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị ndị ọzọ na-arụ ọrụ na ngalaba Kemịstrị nke Mahadum Oxford. Ihe nlereanya DNA ọhụrụ ahụ masịrị ha niile, ọkachasị Brenner, onye mechara soro Crick rụọ ọrụ na ụlọ nnyocha Cavendish dị na Mahadum Cambridge na ụlọ nyocha ahụike e mepere ọhụrụ Medical Research Council (MRC) Laboratory of Molecular Biology (LMB). Dị ka Beryl Oughton, onye mechara bụrụ Rimmer, si kwuo, ha niile ji ụgbọala abụọ mee njem mgbe Dorothy Hodgkin gwara ha na ha na-aga Cambridge iji hụ ihe nlereanya nke ọdịdị DNA. Brenner mere ọtụtụ ihe ntinye dị mkpa na ngalaba Molecular Biology na-apụta apụta na afọ ndị 1960 (lee Phage group). Nke mbụ bụ igosi na usoro koodu mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa niile na-ekpuchi ekpuchi agaghị ekwe omume. Nghọta a kewara ọrụ koodu site na mgbochi nhazi dị ka George Gamow chepụtara na koodu dị nkọ. Nke a mere ka Francis Crick chepụta echiche nke molekụl a na-eche n'echiche (nke e mechara mara dị ka transfer RNA ma ọ bụ tRNA) nke na-ebufe ozi mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa site na RNA gaa na protein. Brenner nyere aha ahụ "adaptor hypothesis" n'afọ 1955.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|author=Crick|first=Francis|date=1955|title=On Degenerate Templates and the Adaptor Hypothesis: A Note for the RNA Tie Club|url=https://collections.nlm.nih.gov/catalog/nlm:nlmuid-101584582X73-doc|accessdate=2022-07-21|work=National Library of Medicine|archivedate=16 August 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220816132804/https://collections.nlm.nih.gov/catalog/nlm:nlmuid-101584582X73-doc}}</ref> Nkewa a hụrụ anya n'etiti anticodon na amino acid dị na tRNA bụ ihe ndabere maka ozi na-aga n'otu ụzọ na usoro ndụ nwere koodu. A maara nke a dị ka nkwenkwe dị mkpa nke molecular biology, ya bụ, ozi na-esi na nucleic acid gaa na protein ma ọ dịghị mgbe ọ bụla ọ na-esite na protein gaa na nucleic acid. N'ịgbaso nghọta nkwụnye a, Brenner chepụtara maka messenger RNA n'oge mkparịta ụka Eprel 1960 ya na Crick na François Jacob, nke ọ gara n'ihu ya na Jacob na Matthew Meselson igosi ịdị adị ya n'oge ọkọchị ahụ.<ref name="Cobb">{{Cite journal|author=Cobb|first=Matthew|title=Who discovered messenger RNA?|journal=Current Biology|date=29 June 2015|doi=10.1016/j.cub.2015.05.032|volume=25|issue=13|pages=R526–R532|pmid=26126273}}</ref> Mgbe ahụ, ya na Crick, Leslie Barnett, na Richard J. Watts-Tobin, Brenner gosipụtara ọdịdị atọ nke koodu ntụgharị protein site na nnwale sayensị nke Crick (Brenner, Barnett, Watts-tobin na ndị òtù ya mere nke afọ 1961, nke chọpụtara frameshift mutations.<ref>{{Cite journal|doi=10.1038/1921227a0|author=Crick|first=Francis|title=General nature of the genetic code for proteins|journal=Nature|volume=192|issue=4809|pages=1227–32|year=1961|pmid=13882203}}</ref> Brenner ịrụkọ ọrụ ya na Sarabhai, Stretton na Bolle n'afọ 1964, na-eji amber mutants nwere nkwarụ na bacteriophage T4D protein isi, gosipụtara na usoro nucleotide nke mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa ahụ na usoro amino acid nke eriri polypeptide na-agakọ. Tinyere ọrụ decoding nke Marshall Warren Nirenberg na ndị ọzọ, nchọpụta nke ọdịdị atọ nke koodu mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa dị oke mkpa iji kọwaa koodu ahụ.<ref name="NautilusGoldstein">{{Cite web|url=https://nautil.us/issue/72/quandary/the-thrill-of-defeat-rp|title=The Thrill of Defeat: What Francis Crick and Sydney Brenner taught me about being scooped|author=Goldstein|first=Bob|date=May 30, 2019|publisher=Nautilus|accessdate=Jan 21, 2021|archivedate=10 December 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211210101407/https://nautil.us/issue/72/quandary/the-thrill-of-defeat-rp}}</ref> Barnett nyere aka guzobe ụlọ nnyocha Sydney Brenner na Singapore, ka ọtụtụ afọ gasịrị.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://blog.wellcomelibrary.org/2014/02/uncovering-a-scientific-life-in-the-archives/|title=Uncovering a scientific life in the archives|date=19 February 2014|first=L.|author=Kaplish|accessdate=5 April 2019|work=Wellcome Library blog|archivedate=23 October 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20201023073941/http://blog.wellcomelibrary.org/2014/02/uncovering-a-scientific-life-in-the-archives/}}</ref> [[Faịlụ:EMLederberg_GStent_SBrenner_JLederberg_1965_wiki.jpg|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|Esther Lederberg, Gunther Stent, Sydney Brenner na Joshua Lederberg ka esere ha foto n'afọ 1965]] Brenner, ya na George Pieczenik, <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://rci.rutgers.edu/~piecze/Brenner.pdf|title=Letter by Brenner (primary source)|work=rutgers.edu|accessdate=8 April 2019|archivedate=7 November 2004|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20041107101749/http://rci.rutgers.edu/~piecze/Brenner.pdf}}</ref> mepụtara nnyocha matrix kọmputa mbụ nke nucleic acid site na iji TRAC, nke Brenner nọgidere na-eji. Crick, Brenner, Klug na Pieczenik laghachiri n'ọrụ mbụ ha ịkọwa koodu mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa na akwụkwọ ọsụ ụzọ ha gbasara mmalite nke protein synthesis, ebe ihe ndị mgbochi dịịrị mRNA na tRNA jikọtara aka pụta na-enye ohere maka mmekọrịta ise na ntụgharị nke anticodon loop, wee si otú ahụ mepụta usoro ntụgharị koodu atọ n'achọghị ribosome. Ihe nlereanya a chọrọ koodu na-ekpuchi ibe ya nw'obere.<ref name="Klug">{{Cite journal|author=Crick|first=FH|title=A speculation on the origin of protein synthesis.|journal=Origins of Life|date=December 1976|volume=7|issue=4|pages=389–97|pmid=1023138|doi=10.1007/BF00927934}}</ref> Akwụkwọ sayensị e bipụtara dị oke ụkọ n'ihi na ndị rụkọrọ ọrụ iji bipụta ya gụnyere ndị edemede atọ bụ ndị ghọrọ ndị nrite Nobel.<ref name="Another">Crick won a Nobel prize in 1962, Brenner in 2002, and Klug in 1982. However, this is not the only case. See {{Cite journal|author=Barton|first=D. H. R.|title=The constitutions of cevine and some related alkaloids|journal=Experientia|date=March 1954|volume=10|issue=3|pages=81–90|doi=10.1007/BF02158513|pmid=13161888}} Barton (1969), Prelog (1975) and Woodward (1965) all became Nobel winners.</ref> == Ihe nrite na Nkwanye Ùgwù == Brenner nwetara ọtụtụ ihe nrite na nsọpụrụ, gụnyere: <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ethz.ch/content/dam/ethz/special-interest/dual/pauli-dam/04/2004-01_cv.pdf|title=Sydney Brenner CV|work=[[ETH Zurich]]|accessdate=6 April 2019|archivedate=9 November 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181109193742/https://www.ethz.ch/content/dam/ethz/special-interest/dual/pauli-dam/04/2004-01_cv.pdf}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/2002/brenner/cv/|title=Sydney Brenner Curriculum Vitae|work=[[NobelPrize.org]]|accessdate=6 April 2019|archivedate=5 April 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190405215956/https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/2002/brenner/cv/}}</ref>   == Ndụ onwe onye == Brenner lụrụ May Brenner (a mụrụ n'ezinụlọ Covitz, mesịrị bụrụ Balkind) site na Disemba 1952 ruo mgbe ọ nwụrụ na Jenụwarị 2010; <ref name="whoswho">{{Who's Who|title=Brenner, Sydney|id=U8635|author=Anon|doi=10.1093/ww/9780199540884.013.U8635|year=2015|edition=online [[Oxford University Press]]}}</ref> ụmụ ha gụnyere Belinda, Carla, Stefan, na nwa nwunye ya Jonathan Balkind sitere na alụmdi mbụ nwunye ya lụrụ Marcus Balkind. Ọ biri na Ely, Cambridgeshire. Ọ bụ onye na-ekweghị na Chineke.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bDHwCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA32|title=Candid Science VI: More Conversations with Famous Scientists|author=István Hargittai|date=2006|publisher=World Scientific|isbn=9781908977533|accessdate=5 September 2020}}</ref> Brenner nwụrụ na 5 Eprel 2019, na Singapore, mgbe ọ dị afọ iri itoolu na abụọ.<ref name="fried">{{Cite journal|author=Friedberg|first=Errol|title=Sydney Brenner (1927–2019) Mischievous steward of molecular biology's golden age|journal=Nature|volume=568|issue=7753|year=2019|pages=459|issn=0028-0836|doi=10.1038/d41586-019-01192-9|pmid=30988427|authorlink=Errol Friedberg}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFFriedberg2019">[[Errol Friedberg|Friedberg, Errol]] (2019). [[doi:10.1038/d41586-019-01192-9|"Sydney Brenner (1927–2019) Mischievous steward of molecular biology's golden age"]]. ''Nature''. '''568''' (7753): 459. [[Digital object identifier|doi]]:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible">[[doi:10.1038/d41586-019-01192-9|10.1038/d41586-019-01192-9]]</span>. [[ISSN (identifier)|ISSN]]&nbsp;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0028-0836 0028-0836]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&nbsp;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30988427 30988427].</cite></ref> <ref name="asianscientist">{{Cite web|first=Sim|author=Shuzhen|title=Sydney Brenner, 'father of the worm' and decoder of DNA, dies at 92|url=https://www.asianscientist.com/2019/04/topnews/sydney-brenner-nobel-laureate-dies-92-c-elegans-obituary/|work=asianscientist.com|date=5 April 2019|accessdate=5 April 2019|archivedate=8 May 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200508102530/https://www.asianscientist.com/2019/04/topnews/sydney-brenner-nobel-laureate-dies-92-c-elegans-obituary/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Sydney Brenner (1927–2019)|url=https://www2.mrc-lmb.cam.ac.uk/sydney-brenner-1927-2019/|work=MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology|accessdate=6 April 2019|date=5 April 2019|archivedate=6 April 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190406115523/https://www2.mrc-lmb.cam.ac.uk/sydney-brenner-1927-2019/}}</ref> == Hụkwa == * Ndepụta nke ndị Juu nwetara nrite Nobel == Edensibịa == {{Reflist}} == Ịgụrụ Gawa == * Soraya De Chadarevian; Designs For Life: Molecular Biology After World War II, CUP 2002, 444 pp;   * Francis Crick; What Mad Pursuit: A Personal View of Scientific Discovery (Basic Books reprint edition, 1990)   * Georgina Ferry; 'Max Perutz na Nzuzo nke Ndụ', (Chatto & Windus 2007) 352pp, . Maka foto a na-enweghị isi.  * Robert Olby; Francis Crick: Hunter of Life's Secrets, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, , bipụtara na 25 August 2009.  * Max Perutz; ''Olee oge m nwere: Akwụkwọ ozi ahọpụtara.'' , CSHL Press 2008, 506pp . Maka foto nwere nkọwa.  * Matt Ridley; Francis Crick: Discoverer of the Genetic Code (Eminent Lives) nke mbụ e bipụtara na June 2006 na US na UK September 2006, site na HarperCollins Publishers; 192 pp, ; na akwụkwọ mpịakọta, site na Atlas Books (na ndepụta), .   * Sydney Brenner Collection Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Archives * [[Lewis Wolpert]]; Otu anyị si ebi ndụ na ihe mere anyị ji nwụọ, Faber na Faber 2009, 240 peeji;   == Njikọ mpụga == * [https://www.sms.cam.ac.uk/media/1139457 Alan Macfarlane gbara ajụjụ ọnụ 23 Ọgọst 2007 (vidiyo)] * Sydney Brenner gụnyere Nobel Lecture 8 Disemba 2002 Onyinye Nature na Sayensị''Onyinye Okike Maka Sayensị'' [[Otú:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 62zt0gj0c9swof8v1qlkb0g9v8ad0vr 0 67278 643977 516963 2026-05-30T12:46:41Z Adimora chidinma 15845 Fixed reference error 643977 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Samuel Oyewole Asabia''' (1931-1993) bụ ọkachamara n'ihe gbasara akụnụba na mba Naịjirịa, onye nchịkwa na onye na-ahụ maka ụlọ akụ, onye bụkwa odeakwụkwọ na-adịgide adịgide, Ngalaba Ego nke Western Region site n'afọ 1966 ruo n'afọ 1970. O mechara bụrụ onye isi ala mbụ na onye isi njikwa nke First Bank of Nigeria n'afọ 1975.. <ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-MZtAAAAMAAJ|title=People in the News, 1900-1999: A Survey of Nigerians of the 20th Century|author=Bayo Onanuga|publisher=Independent Communications Network Limited (Indiana University)|year=2000|isbn=9789783228405}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://blerf.org/index.php/biography/asabia-chief-samuel-oyewole/|title=ASABIA, Chief Samuel Oyewole(Late)|author=Admin|date=2016-11-15|work=Biographical Legacy and Research Foundation|language=en-US|accessdate=2018-11-26}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=03IWAQAAMAAJ|title=The Bankers' Almanac, Volume 2|author=Reed Information Services Ltd|year=1995|publisher=the University of Michigan}}</ref> Asabia bụ onye isi nke òtù na kọmitii ole na ole mere ka ọ bụrụ onye a ma ama. N'agbata afọ 1970 na afọ 1975, ọ bụ osote gọvanọ nke Central Bank of Nigeria nakwa onye isi oche nke Securities Issues Commission nke mechara bụrụ Securities Exchange Commission. N'agbata afọ 1975 na afọ 1981, ọ bụ onye isi oche nke Nigerian Stock Exchange n'afọ 1983, ọ bụ osote onye isi oche of the Nigerian Economic Society . <ref name="times">{{Cite news|title=Chief Samuel Asabia;Obituary|date=June 18, 1993|work=The Times; London (UK)}}</ref> Asabia bụ onye isi nchịkwa nke ụlọ akụ First Interstate Merchant (nke bụzi akụkụ nke Unity Bank of Nigeria) ọ bụkwa onye isi oche nke Banque Internationale du Benin n'afọ 1989. == Ndụ == A mụrụ Asabia na Idoani, nna ya bụ dikọn n'ụlọ ụka ya ma nwee ọkwa onyeisi Olisa nke Idoani. Asabia gụrụ akwụkwọ na Christ School, Ado Ekiti ma nweta akara ugo mmụta na Mahadum Exeter, mechaa nweta akara ugo mmụta na akụnụba. Mgbe ọ lọtara Naịjirịa, ọ rụrụ ọrụ na ngalaba nchịkwa ndị ọchịchị site n'afọ 1954 wee malite ịghọ osote onye ọrụ mpaghara n'afọ 1958.<ref name="ne">{{Cite magazine|date=April 1983|title=An Interview with Chief S.O. Asabia|magazine=Nigeria Enterprise|location=Yaba, Lagos|publisher=VBO International|volume=3|issue=4|pages=19–21}}</ref> N'agbata afọ 1958 na 1961, ọ rụrụ ọrụ na Western Regional Ministry of Finance ma mesịa rụọ ọrụ n'ọfịs praịm. A họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ odeakwụkwọ na-adịgide adịgide nke ngalaba na-ahụ maka ala, ụlọ na ihe ndị dị n'ime ụlọ n'afọ 1962. Mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, Asabia gara n'ihu na-arị elu site na ọkwa dị n'ime ọrụ nchịkwa. Ọ wegara ọrụ ya na Ministri ego nke mpaghara n'afọ 1966 dị ka odeakwụkwọ na-adịgide adịgide.<ref name="ne" /> N'afọ 1970, a họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ osote gọvanọ nke Central Bank of Nigeria . Asabia mechara were ọkwa onyeisi oche na First Bank mgbe gọọmentị nwetara ọtụtụ uru site na Standard Chartered Bank. Ọrụ nchịkwa n'oge ọchịchị ya gụnyere ịkpọbata na ịzụ ndị gụsịrị akwụkwọ na kọleji iji dochie ndị ọrụ si mba ọzọ na iwu isi ụlọ ọrụ ọhụrụ na Marina, Lagos. Otu n'ime ihe kpatara gọọmentị ji were mmasị Standard Bank bụ ịgbasa ụlọ akụ na kredit nye ọtụtụ ndị Naịjirịa, a gwakwara First Bank ka ọ gbasaa alaka ụlọ ọrụ n'ime ime obodo.<ref name="ne" /> == Edemsibịa == {{Reflist}} 9twzzno2q4sierzutzqpa4rgtvh70ru 0 67977 644222 525287 2026-05-30T19:39:08Z Wikipedian12512(alt) 61413 rm empty area 644222 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''John Charles Manning''' (amụrụ n'afọ 1962) bụ ọkachamara n'ihe ọkụkụ na South Africa nke bi na Compton Herbarium, South African National Biodiversity Institute, Kirstenbosch, South Africa.   [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] du3325qll4hb5rp76aw35ru1xusll8w 0 71768 644098 537898 2026-05-30T15:53:10Z Neme244 16387 added DEFAULTSORT 644098 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Reflist}} '''Emmanuel osa Agwoje.A'''mụrụ ya na afọ Eprel 1962) ọ bụ onye na-afụ maka Egọ bụrụ kwa ọnye na achukwa nta ego na Naijiria. Ọ bụ onye isi ọrụ nke Equator Capital Ltd, ụlọ ọrụ na-ahụ maka ọrụ ego ugbụ a. Agwoje gụrụ akwụkwọ na Lagọs City College maliteafọ 1973 na 1978 ebe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na ngalaba nke mbụ na West African School Certificate (WASC) ma nata ihe nrite nke atọ na asọmpi National Essay. Ọ jikwa ọkwa onye isi na-ahụ maka ụlọ nyocha ahụ. Ọ nọ na ngalaba Basic site na ụdị otu ruo ise ma bụrụ onye otu ụlọ akwụkwọ. Ọ gara Mahadum nke Port Harcourt, ebe ọ nwetara akara ugo mmụta nke abụọ na akụ na ụba n'etiti afọ 1979 na 1983. Mgbe ọ nọ na mahadum, ọ bụ onye ọkà mmụta [[United Africa Company of Nigeria|UACN]] ma nọrọ afọ atọ, ọ nọgidere na ndepụta Dean maka arụmọrụ dị ịrịba ama na sayensị mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya. N'afọ 1982, ọ ghọrọ onye isi oche nke Mahadum nke Nigerian Economics Students Association. Na [[University of Benin (Nigeria)|Mahadum nke Benin]], ọ nwetara M.SC na akụ na ụba Klassi1986 dị ka nwa akwụkwọ kachasị mma na-agụsị akwụkwọ, ebe ọ na-ekwusi ike bụ ego na ụlọ akụ. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ afọ iri na isii na steeti niile Trust Bank Plc . Ọ ghọrọ onye isi nchịkwa na osote onye isi nchịk nke ụlọ akụ ahụ na-ahụ maka ọrụ ụlọ akụ itinye ego. Ọ bụ onye isi ọrụ nke Equator Capital Limited, ụlọ ọrụ na-ahụ maka ọrụ ego. {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Agwoje, Emmanuel}} [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 2jtuc14x0oixjaq0ki7025yfoxaj1ul 0 71859 644221 540574 2026-05-30T19:38:43Z Wikipedian12512(alt) 61413 link 644221 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Charles Alfred Barber''' C.I.E. (ụbọchị ịrị n'ọnwa Nọvemba n'afọ 1860 - ụbọchị ịrị abụọ na atọ n'ọnwa Febụwarị n'afọ 1933) bụ ọkachamara n'ihe gbasara osisi na osisi na mba Britain, onye rụrụ ọrụ ruo ọtụtụ afọ ndụ ya na ndịda India. A kpọrọ Saccharum barberi, ụdị osisi na-eto n'ọhịa na ugwu India aha ya. Ọ bụ onye mbụ n'ịkwalite osisi ọhịa na India, site n'ịmepụta ụdị osisi dị iche iche n'etiti ụdị osisi ọhịa na nke siri ike na Saccharum officinarum a na-akọ nke nwere nnukwu shuga nke nwere ike ịlanarị oyi oyi nke ugwu [[Ndia]].  == Mmụta == A mụrụ ya na ụbọchị ịrị n'ọnwa Nọvemba n'afọ 1860 na [[Cape Town]]Wynberg, Cape Town, nwa Rev. William Barber. Ọ gara gụọ akwụkwọ na New Kingswood, Bath na mgbe e mesịrị na Mahadum Bonn (1883-84). Na Mahadum Bonn, ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ n'okpuru Eduard Strasburger. Ọ sonyeere Mahadum Cambridge wee gafee sayensị okike Tripos na klas mbụ n'afọ 1887 (akụkụ nke mbụ) na 188 (akụkụ nke abụọ). Ọ natara MA n'afọ 1892 na Sc. D. n’afọ 1908. Ọ sonyeere na Leeward Islands dị ka Superintendent nke Botanical Station n'afọ 1892 ma rụọ ọrụ afọ anọ tupu ọ banye dị ka onye nkuzi na botany na Royal Engineering College na Cooper's Hill. N'afọ 1898, ọ sonyeere Madras Presidency dị ka onye na-ahụ maka ihe ọkụkụ nke gọọmentị. Ọ mụrụ mgbọrọgwụ na osisi site n'afọ 1906 ruo afọ 1908. Ọ ghọrọ ọkachamara na okpete na Gọọmentị n'afọ 1912. Ọ ghọrọ onye nkuzi na Tropical Agriculture na Mahadum Cambridge n'afọ 1919. E mere ya C.I.E. n'afọ 1918.< == Ọrụ ọkachamara == Charles Alfred Barber rụrụ ọrụ n'ọtụtụ akụkụ nke ịzụlite okpete na n'ihe ọkụkụ. O guzobere ụlọ ọrụ nyocha okpete nke a maara ugbu a dị ka Sugarcane Breeding Institute na Coimbatore yana ya na T.S. Venkatraman mepụtara ụdị okpete hybrid dabara adaba maka India. Ndị a gụnyere ngwakọta n'etiti osisi ndị dị n'ógbè na ndị siri ike si India nke a na-akpọ ''Saccharum barberi'' ugbu a n'aha ya na shuga dị elu nke na-emepụta Saccharum officinarum nke na-adịghị ndụ n'oge oyi nke ugwu India.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Dictionary Of British And Irish Botantists And Horticulturalists Including plant collectors, flower painters and garden designers|author=Desmond, Ray|publisher=CRC Press|year=1994}}</ref> A na-ezo aka na mbufe a nke àgwà ndị bara uru n'ahịa site na okpete "noble" gaa na okpete India na nobilization nke okpete India.   == Ọnwụ == Charles Alfred Barber nwụrụ na Cambridge na ụbọchị ịrị abụọ na atọ n'ọnwa Febụwarị n'afọ 1933.<ref name="cantab">{{Cite book|title=Alumni Cantabrigienses: A Biographical List of All Known Students, Graduates and Holders of Office at the University of Cambridge, from the Earliest Times to 1900, Volume 2|year=2011|publisher=Cambridge University Press|author=Venn, John}}</ref> == Edemsibịa == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == mhq0ug380ebk1gjehacca9p8rjcifb1 0 72361 644265 577549 2026-05-30T20:03:44Z Sylvaline39 15355 fixed reference error 644265 wikitext text/x-wiki   Valerie Ann Curtis (20 Septemba 1958 – 19 Ọktoba 2020) bụ onye ọkà mmụta sayensị Britain nke bụ Onye isi otu Environmental Health Group na London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine. Nke a bụ otu nwere ọtụtụ ụlọ ọrụ dị iche iche nke raara onwe ha nye n'ịkwalite nchekwa ahụike, nsacha na mmiri n'ụlọ na ụlọ akwụkwọ site n'ịkwalite ọmụmụ ihe. Curtis nwere akwụkwọ ọmụmụ na injinịa, epidemiology na anthropology, ma nwee mmasị pụrụ iche na omume mmadụ, karịsịa site n'echiche mmepeanya. Ọ metụtara ndị a na ịdị ọcha na ịsa ahụ, na-eji ụzọ a maara dị ka Nhazi Ezigbo Ọrụ maka imeziwanye ịdị ọcha, ịsa ahụ, nri, mmepe ngwaahịa na nsogbu ndị ọzọ metụtara omume na ndokwa WASH. == Ọrụ == === Ọrụ mmalite === Mgbe Curtis nwetara akara ugo mmụta mbụ ya, o rụrụ ọrụ na ụlọ ọrụ injinịa Arup n'iche ụlọ maka afọ anọ, wee rụọ ọrụ na ọtụtụ ọrụ ebere gụnyere Red Cross na Save the Children na mba dị iche iche - gụnyere Ethiopia, Kenya, Iraq na Uganda - n'oge agha ime obodo na agụụ. N'oge a, ọ bụ ezie na a na-ejikarị ya arụ ọrụ ịwụnye teknụzụ ọhụrụ maka inye mmiri dị ọcha, ọ ghọtara na mgbanwe omume mmadụ, karịa teknụzụ, ga-adị irè karị n'ịkwalite ihe ọṅụṅụ.[1] Ọ gara n'ihu nwetara nzere Master na PhD iji nyere ya aka mezuo ebumnobi ya.[2] E tinyere ya dị ka onye nyocha n'ụlọ ọmụmụ banyere nne na nwa na London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine na 1989 wee nọrọ ebe ahụ n'oge ọrụ ya niile. Ọ ghọrọ onye nkuzi na 1996 wee bulie ya n'ọkwa ọkà mmụta. Akụkụ dị iche iche nke mmụta ọzụzụ ya na ahụmịhe zuru oke nke ọrụ n'ọtụtụ mba nyere ya echiche sara mbara gbasara ịdị ọcha na ntinye aka n'ụlọ nakwa kwere ka ọ mepụta echiche gbasara mmepe maka echiche nke egwu. Ebumnuche sayensị ya bụ omume, ma n'oge ọrụ ya, o hụrụ ka mpaghara a si gbanwee site na isiokwu na-akọwa n'ụzọ dị elu gaa ihe nwere ọtụtụ ọnụọgụ na nke nwere ike ịkọ ihe ga-eme. === Ịsa aka na ahụike ọha na eze === Ọmụmụ ya gbasara omume ime ọcha n'ahụ mmadụ malitere site n'afọ 1990s gaa n'ihu. O nọrọ ọtụtụ akụkụ nke afọ 1990s na ndị ọrụ ibe ya na Burkina Faso dị ka onye nlekọta nke atụmatụ ndị metụtara ihe ize ndụ maka nsị ọbara nwa na ule mgbasa ozi nkwado nke ime ọcha. O gosipụtara na ịgbanwe omume, kama ịkwalite ozi ahụ ike ọha, bụ isi ihe maka ime mgbanwe. Ndị nne anaghị asacha aka ha mgbe ha chere ụmụaka nsị n'agbanyeghị na ha amaghị na ịsacha aka dị mkpa iji mee ka ụmụ ha dị ndụ. [[Faịlụ:Healthy_behavior_(40069565704).jpg|thumb|Ụbọchị Ịsa Aka Ụwa na Paccinang Elementary School, obodo Makassar, Indonesia, 2017]] Curtis na ndị ọrụ ibe ya ghọtakwara na enwere nnukwu nsogbu n'ịtụle na idekọ omume ịdị ọcha nkeonwe iji chọpụta ma ọ bara uru.[1] Mgbe ya na ndị ọrụ ibe ya na-arụkọ ọrụ, o mepụtara ụzọ iji mụọ omume a. Otu ihe ọhụrụ bụ itinye accelerometer n'ime ncha iji nye nha mmegharị ahụ n'ezie. Nyocha ha gbasara ojiji ncha n'ịsa aka (ebipụtara na 2003 na Lancet Infectious Disease)[2] nwere ihe akaebe na echiche ndị chịkọtara òtù dị iche iche dịka gọọmentị, ụlọ akụ ụwa na ụlọ ọrụ nkeonwe iji mụbaa ịsa aka na ncha maka ọdịmma ahụike ọha na eze na azụmaahịa. Ọ so na ndị guzobere mmekorita a n'etiti mahadum, ụlọ ọrụ ndị na-emepụta ngwaahịa nlekọta onwe onye na òtù mba ụwa nke aghọọla Mmekọrịta Ịsa Aka zuru ụwa ọnụ. O nwere ebumnuche ya ime ka onye ọ bụla jiri ncha saa aka ha n'oge dị mkpa iji gbochie mbufe ọrịa. Mmekọrịta ahụ emeela mmemme na mba 12 gụnyere Kyrgyzstan, Vietnam, Peru na Senegal. Na afọ 2008, òtù ahụ malitere Ụbọchị Ọcha Aka nke Ụwa, nke a na-eme kwa afọ na 15 Ọktoba n'ụwa niile. Maka nke mbu n’ime ihe omume ndị a, o gosipụtara na enweghị ịsa aka bụkwa nsogbu n’ọtụtụ mba ndị mepere emepe dị ka UK site n’ịchọta na aka ihe karịrị otu n’ime anọ n’ime ndị njem bọs na ụgbọ oloko jupụtara na nje mmadụ. Curtis bidoro ịkọwa onwe ya dị ka 'onye na-amụ ihe ịchọ mmadụ ihe' dị ka aha na-eru onye ọbụla n’ọrụ ya. Na 2009, ọ nwetara ihe nrite "Onye Nkwurịta Ozi Ọrịa Kasị Mma Afọ" site na British Medical Journal. === Ihe ndabere evolushọn maka mmetụta nke iwe === Site na 2010 gaa n'ihu, Curtis nwere ọganihu n'inye usoro echiche maka mmeghachi omume mmadụ na nsị, nke na-akpata mmetụta nke iwe n'ụwa niile. O lere mmeghachi omume a anya dị ka nke gbanwere maka nchebe megide pathogens na parasites ọ nwere na ịbụ ihe mkpali mmadụ ochie na nke bụ isi. Enwere ike iji ebumnuche ndị ọzọ dị ka ịzụlite na ọnọdụ mee ihe iji gbaa aka ike. N'ịgbaso ozi e nwetara na nyocha na 2004, ebe ndị sonyere 40,000 nyochara foto maka etu esi ele ha anya dị ka ihe na-asọ oyi, <ref name="Curtis et al 2004">{{Cite journal|author=Curtis|first=Val|title=Evidence that disgust evolved to protect from risk of disease|journal=Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences|date=2004|volume=271|issue=Supplement 4|pages=S131–S133|doi=10.1098/rsbl.2003.0144|pmid=15252963}}</ref> site na 2011 Curtis nwere ike ịtụ aro usoro echiche. <ref name="Curtis et al 2011">{{Cite journal|author=Curtis|first=V.|title=Disgust as an adaptive system for disease avoidance behaviour|journal=Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences|date=3 January 2011|volume=366|issue=1563|pages=389–401|doi=10.1098/rstb.2010.0117|pmid=21199843}}</ref> O wetara echiche ya n'akwụkwọ ya nke afọ 2013 Don't look, don't touch: the science behind revulsion nke na-ekwupụta echiche na iwe bụ mmetụta mmadụ zuru ụwa ọnụ ma na-atụ aro otu esi eji nghọta a gbanwee omume n'ebe dị iche iche dị ka ịdị ọcha ka mbelata ajọ mbunobi na ọrịa.<ref name="Curtis 2013">{{Cite book|author=Curtis|first=Valerie|title=Don't Look, Don't Touch, Don't Eat The Science Behind Revulsion|date=2013|publisher=University of Chicago|isbn=978-0-226-13133-7|url=https://press.uchicago.edu/ucp/books/book/chicago/D/bo9186317.html|accessdate=30 October 2020}}</ref> Akwụkwọ ọzọ bụ Gaining Control: How human behavior evolved bụ maka evolushọn nke omume.<ref name="Aunger&Curtis_2015">{{Cite book|author=Aunger|first=Robert|title=Gaining Control: How human behavior evolved|date=2015|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-968895-1}}</ref> === Omume Dị Iche === Echiche ya gbakọtara site na iji echiche nke Behaviour Centred Design nke Curtis nwere ike ịzụlite n'ụzọ zuru ezu ma tinye ya n'ọrụ na ọnọdụ ndị ọzọ site na afọ 2010. O jiri echiche nke ntọala omume nke Roger Barker webatara.<ref name="Curtis_TEDx_2015">{{Cite web|author=Curtis|first=Val|title=Who's in control: the power of settings|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xuJY5A5gOS4&ab_channel=TEDxTalks|work=TEDxLSHTM|publisher=YouTube|accessdate=9 November 2020}}</ref> Otu nsonaazụ bụ ịghọta na ịgbanwe ọnọdụ ebe a ga-eme omume ịdị ọcha dị mkpa ka e wee mee ya n'ụzọ dị mfe ma hụ ya dị ka nke oge a na nke a chọrọ. Nke a nwere ike ịgụnye ihe ọhụrụ na teknụzụ. Na mgbakwunye, a chọrọ mmụba n'ọrụ interdisciplinary na ndị ọkachamara na nkwukọrịta na ndị ọkà n'akparamàgwà mmadụ iji chọpụta otú e si nweta ebumnuche a na iji kpọsaa ụzọ ọhụrụ dị irè.<ref name="Inauglecture">{{Cite web|date=15 September 2020|title=Inaugural Lecture|url=https://www.lshtm.ac.uk/newsevents/events/discovering-behaviour|accessdate=30 October 2020|work=London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine}}</ref> === Onye ndụmọdụ iwu ọha na eze === Curtis bụ onye ndụmọdụ gọọmentị, gụnyere na India (Swachh Bharat Mission) na Tanzania, na mkpọsa nhicha. Ọ dụrụ gọọmentị UK ọdụ n'oge ọrịa coronavirus nke afọ 2020, dị ka onye otu Scientific Pandemic Influenza Group on Behaviors (SPI-B), banyere otu esi agba ndị mmadụ ume ịgbaso aro.<ref name="LSHTM">{{Cite web|title=Professor Val Curtis BSc MSc PhD|url=http://www.lshtm.ac.uk/aboutus/people/curtis.val|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200605020410/https://www.lshtm.ac.uk/aboutus/people/curtis.val|archivedate=5 June 2020|work=London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine}}</ref><ref name="Bonell et al 2020">{{Cite journal|author=Bonell|first=Chris|title=Harnessing behavioural science in public health campaigns to maintain 'social distancing' in response to the COVID-19 pandemic: key principles|journal=Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health|date=2020|volume=74|issue=8|pages=617–619|doi=10.1136/jech-2020-214290|pmid=32385125}}</ref> N'oge ọrịa a, o nyekwara aka n'ọrụ nke Independent SAGE . <ref>{{Cite news|date=13 November 2020|title=Professor Valerie Curtis obituary|language=en|work=[[The Times]]|url=https://www.thetimes.com/article/professor-valerie-curtis-obituary-ssb2c6j6d|accessdate=2020-11-24}}</ref> == Akwụkwọ ndị e bipụtara == Curtis bụ onye edemede ma ọ bụ onye edemedo nke ihe karịrị akwụkwọ sayensị 120, akwụkwọ nzukọ, akwụkwọ na akụkọ. Ụfọdụ n'ime ha bụ: === Akwụkwọ === * Robert Aunger and Valerie Curtis (2015) ''Gaining Control: How human behavior evolved'' Oxford University Press, 176 pp   * Valerie Curtis (2013) ''Don't look, don't touch: the science behind revulsion'' The University of Chicago Press, 184pp   === Akwụkwọ sayensị === * Chris Bonell, Susan Michie, Stephen Reicher, Robert West, Laura Bear, Lucy Yardley, Val Curtis, Richard Amlot na James G Rubin (2020) Iji sayensị omume eme ihe na mkpọsa ahụike ọha na eze iji nọgide na-enwe 'ịpụrụ adịpụ' na nzaghachi maka ọrịa COVID-19: ụkpụrụ dị mkpa. ''Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health'' '''74''' 617-619 * Annette Pruess-Ustuen, Jamie Bartram, Thomas Clasen, na ndị edemede 17 ndị ọzọ gụnyere Valerie Curtis (2014) Ibu nke ọrịa sitere na mmiri na-ezughị oke, ịdị ọcha na ịdị ọcha na ntọala ego dị ala na nke etiti: nyocha nyocha nke data sitere na mba 145. ''Ọgwụ Tropical na Ahụike Mba Nile'' '''19''' 894-905 * Valerie Curtis, Michael de Barra na Robert Aunger (2011) Nkwụsị dị ka usoro mgbanwe maka omume izere ọrịa. ''Mmekọrịta nkà ihe ọmụma nke Royal Society B: Sayensị Biological'' <ref name="Curtis et al 2011"/> * Valerie A Curtis, Lisa O Danquah na Robert V Aunger (2009) Atụmatụ, akpali na omume ịdị ọcha: nyocha mba iri na otu. ''Nnyocha Mmụta Ahụike'' '''24''' 655-673 * Valerie Curtis, Robert Aunger na Tamer Rabie (2004) Ihe akaebe na iwe malitere iji chebe onwe ya pụọ n'ihe ize ndụ nke ọrịa. Ihe omume nke Royal Society B - Biological Sciences '''271''' Mgbakwunye 4Pages S131-S133 * Valerie Curtis na Yonli Cairncross (200'''3''') Mmetụta nke iji ncha saa aka na ihe ize ndụ nke afọ ọsịsa na obodo: nyocha usoro. Ọrịa na-efe efe nke Lancet 3 275-281 * Simon Cousens, Bernadette Kanki, Seydou Toure, Ibrahim Diallo na Valerie Curtis (1996) Mmeghachi omume na imeghachi omume nke omume ịdị ọcha: Nnyocha a haziri ahazi site na Burkina Faso. Sayensị na Ọgwụ '''43''' 1299-1308 == Ndụ onwe onye == A mụrụ Curtis na mpaghara Cumberland nke England. Ọ gara Queen's School, Chester wee mụọ B.Sc. injinia obodo na Mahadum nke Leeds, gụsịrị akwụkwọ na 1980. E nyere ya M.Sc. na Community Health and Development site na London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine na 1988. Ọ sochiri ndị a na nzere doctoral na mpaghara nke anthropology site na Mahadum Ọrụ Ugbo nke Wageningen, Netherlands nke Anke Niehof na Thierry Mertens nyere ndụmọdụ, nke e nyere na 1998.<ref name="Curtis1998">{{Cite book|author=Curtis|first=Val|title=The dangers of dirt: household hygiene and health|date=1998|publisher=Wageningen University and Research|location=Netherlands|isbn=978-90-5485-898-0|url=https://library.wur.nl/WebQuery/wurpubs/43312|accessdate=10 November 2020}}</ref> Ọ mụrụ ụmụ abụọ ma lụọ Robert Aunger . <ref name="LSHTM">{{Cite web|title=Professor Val Curtis BSc MSc PhD|url=http://www.lshtm.ac.uk/aboutus/people/curtis.val|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200605020410/https://www.lshtm.ac.uk/aboutus/people/curtis.val|archivedate=5 June 2020|work=London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://web.archive.org/web/20200605020410/https://www.lshtm.ac.uk/aboutus/people/curtis.val "Professor Val Curtis BSc MSc PhD"]. ''London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine''. Archived from [http://www.lshtm.ac.uk/aboutus/people/curtis.val the original] on 5 June 2020.</cite></ref> A chọpụtara na ọ na-arịa ọrịa kansa n'oge ọkọchị nke afọ 2018, mgbe ọ matara na Febụwarị 2020 na a pụghịzi ịgwọ ya, ọ malitere itinye aka na mkpọsa megide mmetụta nke nkwụsi ike gọọmentị na UK National Health Service. <ref name="Guardian2020">{{Cite web|author=Curtis|first=Val|date=2020-07-16|title=I'm one of the thousands of extra cancer deaths we'll see this year|url=http://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2020/jul/16/extra-cancer-deaths-this-year-covid19-nhs-health|accessdate=2020-11-24|work=The Guardian|language=en}}</ref> <ref name="Aunger and Cumming 2020">{{Cite journal|author=Aunger|first=Robert|title=Val Curtis: public health researcher and activist|journal=British Medical Journal|date=2020|volume=371|doi=10.1136/bmj.m4119|url=https://www.bmj.com/content/371/bmj.m4119.full|accessdate=30 October 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=13 November 2020|title=Professor Valerie Curtis obituary|language=en|work=[[The Times]]|url=https://www.thetimes.com/article/professor-valerie-curtis-obituary-ssb2c6j6d|accessdate=2020-11-24}}</ref> == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * [https://www.nytimes.com/2008/07/13/business/13habit.html?_r=2&ei=5087&em=&en=893d6d16b2643e20&ex=1216180800&adxnnl=1&oref=slogin&adxnnlx=1393957107-gWRwSSBBCvjyJDjm/M2Fpw Val Curtis: akụkọ na nkọwa a chịkọtara] na ''The New York Times'' * [https://www.bmj.com/content/371/bmj.m4119.full Obituary, thebmj] [[Otú:Pages with unreviewed translations]] b8ozxfgj61vdxipm2cmen6w931tjrhw 644266 644265 2026-05-30T20:05:29Z Sylvaline39 15355 fixed reference error 644266 wikitext text/x-wiki   Valerie Ann Curtis (20 Septemba 1958 – 19 Ọktoba 2020) bụ onye ọkà mmụta sayensị Britain nke bụ Onye isi otu Environmental Health Group na London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine. Nke a bụ otu nwere ọtụtụ ụlọ ọrụ dị iche iche nke raara onwe ha nye n'ịkwalite nchekwa ahụike, nsacha na mmiri n'ụlọ na ụlọ akwụkwọ site n'ịkwalite ọmụmụ ihe. Curtis nwere akwụkwọ ọmụmụ na injinịa, epidemiology na anthropology, ma nwee mmasị pụrụ iche na omume mmadụ, karịsịa site n'echiche mmepeanya. Ọ metụtara ndị a na ịdị ọcha na ịsa ahụ, na-eji ụzọ a maara dị ka Nhazi Ezigbo Ọrụ maka imeziwanye ịdị ọcha, ịsa ahụ, nri, mmepe ngwaahịa na nsogbu ndị ọzọ metụtara omume na ndokwa WASH. == Ọrụ == === Ọrụ mmalite === Mgbe Curtis nwetara akara ugo mmụta mbụ ya, o rụrụ ọrụ na ụlọ ọrụ injinịa Arup n'iche ụlọ maka afọ anọ, wee rụọ ọrụ na ọtụtụ ọrụ ebere gụnyere Red Cross na Save the Children na mba dị iche iche - gụnyere Ethiopia, Kenya, Iraq na Uganda - n'oge agha ime obodo na agụụ. N'oge a, ọ bụ ezie na a na-ejikarị ya arụ ọrụ ịwụnye teknụzụ ọhụrụ maka inye mmiri dị ọcha, ọ ghọtara na mgbanwe omume mmadụ, karịa teknụzụ, ga-adị irè karị n'ịkwalite ihe ọṅụṅụ.[1] Ọ gara n'ihu nwetara nzere Master na PhD iji nyere ya aka mezuo ebumnobi ya.[2] E tinyere ya dị ka onye nyocha n'ụlọ ọmụmụ banyere nne na nwa na London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine na 1989 wee nọrọ ebe ahụ n'oge ọrụ ya niile. Ọ ghọrọ onye nkuzi na 1996 wee bulie ya n'ọkwa ọkà mmụta. Akụkụ dị iche iche nke mmụta ọzụzụ ya na ahụmịhe zuru oke nke ọrụ n'ọtụtụ mba nyere ya echiche sara mbara gbasara ịdị ọcha na ntinye aka n'ụlọ nakwa kwere ka ọ mepụta echiche gbasara mmepe maka echiche nke egwu. Ebumnuche sayensị ya bụ omume, ma n'oge ọrụ ya, o hụrụ ka mpaghara a si gbanwee site na isiokwu na-akọwa n'ụzọ dị elu gaa ihe nwere ọtụtụ ọnụọgụ na nke nwere ike ịkọ ihe ga-eme. === Ịsa aka na ahụike ọha na eze === Ọmụmụ ya gbasara omume ime ọcha n'ahụ mmadụ malitere site n'afọ 1990s gaa n'ihu. O nọrọ ọtụtụ akụkụ nke afọ 1990s na ndị ọrụ ibe ya na Burkina Faso dị ka onye nlekọta nke atụmatụ ndị metụtara ihe ize ndụ maka nsị ọbara nwa na ule mgbasa ozi nkwado nke ime ọcha. O gosipụtara na ịgbanwe omume, kama ịkwalite ozi ahụ ike ọha, bụ isi ihe maka ime mgbanwe. Ndị nne anaghị asacha aka ha mgbe ha chere ụmụaka nsị n'agbanyeghị na ha amaghị na ịsacha aka dị mkpa iji mee ka ụmụ ha dị ndụ. [[Faịlụ:Healthy_behavior_(40069565704).jpg|thumb|Ụbọchị Ịsa Aka Ụwa na Paccinang Elementary School, obodo Makassar, Indonesia, 2017]] Curtis na ndị ọrụ ibe ya ghọtakwara na enwere nnukwu nsogbu n'ịtụle na idekọ omume ịdị ọcha nkeonwe iji chọpụta ma ọ bara uru.[1] Mgbe ya na ndị ọrụ ibe ya na-arụkọ ọrụ, o mepụtara ụzọ iji mụọ omume a. Otu ihe ọhụrụ bụ itinye accelerometer n'ime ncha iji nye nha mmegharị ahụ n'ezie. Nyocha ha gbasara ojiji ncha n'ịsa aka (ebipụtara na 2003 na Lancet Infectious Disease)[2] nwere ihe akaebe na echiche ndị chịkọtara òtù dị iche iche dịka gọọmentị, ụlọ akụ ụwa na ụlọ ọrụ nkeonwe iji mụbaa ịsa aka na ncha maka ọdịmma ahụike ọha na eze na azụmaahịa. Ọ so na ndị guzobere mmekorita a n'etiti mahadum, ụlọ ọrụ ndị na-emepụta ngwaahịa nlekọta onwe onye na òtù mba ụwa nke aghọọla Mmekọrịta Ịsa Aka zuru ụwa ọnụ. O nwere ebumnuche ya ime ka onye ọ bụla jiri ncha saa aka ha n'oge dị mkpa iji gbochie mbufe ọrịa. Mmekọrịta ahụ emeela mmemme na mba 12 gụnyere Kyrgyzstan, Vietnam, Peru na Senegal. Na afọ 2008, òtù ahụ malitere Ụbọchị Ọcha Aka nke Ụwa, nke a na-eme kwa afọ na 15 Ọktoba n'ụwa niile. Maka nke mbu n’ime ihe omume ndị a, o gosipụtara na enweghị ịsa aka bụkwa nsogbu n’ọtụtụ mba ndị mepere emepe dị ka UK site n’ịchọta na aka ihe karịrị otu n’ime anọ n’ime ndị njem bọs na ụgbọ oloko jupụtara na nje mmadụ. Curtis bidoro ịkọwa onwe ya dị ka 'onye na-amụ ihe ịchọ mmadụ ihe' dị ka aha na-eru onye ọbụla n’ọrụ ya. Na 2009, ọ nwetara ihe nrite "Onye Nkwurịta Ozi Ọrịa Kasị Mma Afọ" site na British Medical Journal. === Ihe ndabere evolushọn maka mmetụta nke iwe === Site na 2010 gaa n'ihu, Curtis nwere ọganihu n'inye usoro echiche maka mmeghachi omume mmadụ na nsị, nke na-akpata mmetụta nke iwe n'ụwa niile. O lere mmeghachi omume a anya dị ka nke gbanwere maka nchebe megide pathogens na parasites ọ nwere na ịbụ ihe mkpali mmadụ ochie na nke bụ isi. Enwere ike iji ebumnuche ndị ọzọ dị ka ịzụlite na ọnọdụ mee ihe iji gbaa aka ike. N'ịgbaso ozi e nwetara na nyocha na 2004, ebe ndị sonyere 40,000 nyochara foto maka etu esi ele ha anya dị ka ihe na-asọ oyi, <ref name="Curtis et al 2004">{{Cite journal|author=Curtis|first=Val|title=Evidence that disgust evolved to protect from risk of disease|journal=Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences|date=2004|volume=271|issue=Supplement 4|pages=S131–S133|doi=10.1098/rsbl.2003.0144|pmid=15252963}}</ref> site na 2011 Curtis nwere ike ịtụ aro usoro echiche. <ref name="Curtis et al 2011">{{Cite journal|author=Curtis|first=V.|title=Disgust as an adaptive system for disease avoidance behaviour|journal=Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences|date=3 January 2011|volume=366|issue=1563|pages=389–401|doi=10.1098/rstb.2010.0117|pmid=21199843}}</ref> O wetara echiche ya n'akwụkwọ ya nke afọ 2013 Don't look, don't touch: the science behind revulsion nke na-ekwupụta echiche na iwe bụ mmetụta mmadụ zuru ụwa ọnụ ma na-atụ aro otu esi eji nghọta a gbanwee omume n'ebe dị iche iche dị ka ịdị ọcha ka mbelata ajọ mbunobi na ọrịa.<ref name="Curtis 2013">{{Cite book|author=Curtis|first=Valerie|title=Don't Look, Don't Touch, Don't Eat The Science Behind Revulsion|date=2013|publisher=University of Chicago|isbn=978-0-226-13133-7|url=https://press.uchicago.edu/ucp/books/book/chicago/D/bo9186317.html|accessdate=30 October 2020}}</ref> Akwụkwọ ọzọ bụ Gaining Control: How human behavior evolved bụ maka evolushọn nke omume.<ref name="Aunger&Curtis_2015">{{Cite book|author=Aunger|first=Robert|title=Gaining Control: How human behavior evolved|date=2015|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-968895-1}}</ref> === Omume Dị Iche === Echiche ya gbakọtara site na iji echiche nke Behaviour Centred Design nke Curtis nwere ike ịzụlite n'ụzọ zuru ezu ma tinye ya n'ọrụ na ọnọdụ ndị ọzọ site na afọ 2010. O jiri echiche nke ntọala omume nke Roger Barker webatara.<ref name="Curtis_TEDx_2015">{{Cite web|author=Curtis|first=Val|title=Who's in control: the power of settings|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xuJY5A5gOS4&ab_channel=TEDxTalks|work=TEDxLSHTM|publisher=YouTube|accessdate=9 November 2020}}</ref> Otu nsonaazụ bụ ịghọta na ịgbanwe ọnọdụ ebe a ga-eme omume ịdị ọcha dị mkpa ka e wee mee ya n'ụzọ dị mfe ma hụ ya dị ka nke oge a na nke a chọrọ. Nke a nwere ike ịgụnye ihe ọhụrụ na teknụzụ. Na mgbakwunye, a chọrọ mmụba n'ọrụ interdisciplinary na ndị ọkachamara na nkwukọrịta na ndị ọkà n'akparamàgwà mmadụ iji chọpụta otú e si nweta ebumnuche a na iji kpọsaa ụzọ ọhụrụ dị irè.<ref name="Inauglecture">{{Cite web|date=15 September 2020|title=Inaugural Lecture|url=https://www.lshtm.ac.uk/newsevents/events/discovering-behaviour|accessdate=30 October 2020|work=London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine}}</ref> === Onye ndụmọdụ iwu ọha na eze === Curtis bụ onye ndụmọdụ gọọmentị, gụnyere na India (Swachh Bharat Mission) na Tanzania, na mkpọsa nhicha. Ọ dụrụ gọọmentị UK ọdụ n'oge ọrịa coronavirus nke afọ 2020, dị ka onye otu Scientific Pandemic Influenza Group on Behaviors (SPI-B), banyere otu esi agba ndị mmadụ ume ịgbaso aro.<ref name="LSHTM">{{Cite web|title=Professor Val Curtis BSc MSc PhD|url=http://www.lshtm.ac.uk/aboutus/people/curtis.val|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200605020410/https://www.lshtm.ac.uk/aboutus/people/curtis.val|archivedate=5 June 2020|work=London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine}}</ref><ref name="Bonell et al 2020">{{Cite journal|author=Bonell|first=Chris|title=Harnessing behavioural science in public health campaigns to maintain 'social distancing' in response to the COVID-19 pandemic: key principles|journal=Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health|date=2020|volume=74|issue=8|pages=617–619|doi=10.1136/jech-2020-214290|pmid=32385125}}</ref> N'oge ọrịa a, o nyekwara aka n'ọrụ nke Independent SAGE . <ref>{{Cite news|date=13 November 2020|title=Professor Valerie Curtis obituary|language=en|work=[[The Times]]|url=https://www.thetimes.com/article/professor-valerie-curtis-obituary-ssb2c6j6d|accessdate=2020-11-24}}</ref> == Akwụkwọ ndị e bipụtara == Curtis bụ onye edemede ma ọ bụ onye edemedo nke ihe karịrị akwụkwọ sayensị 120, akwụkwọ nzukọ, akwụkwọ na akụkọ. Ụfọdụ n'ime ha bụ: === Akwụkwọ === * Robert Aunger and Valerie Curtis (2015) ''Gaining Control: How human behavior evolved'' Oxford University Press, 176 pp   * Valerie Curtis (2013) ''Don't look, don't touch: the science behind revulsion'' The University of Chicago Press, 184pp   === Akwụkwọ sayensị === * Chris Bonell, Susan Michie, Stephen Reicher, Robert West, Laura Bear, Lucy Yardley, Val Curtis, Richard Amlot na James G Rubin (2020) Iji sayensị omume eme ihe na mkpọsa ahụike ọha na eze iji nọgide na-enwe 'ịpụrụ adịpụ' na nzaghachi maka ọrịa COVID-19: ụkpụrụ dị mkpa. ''Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health'' '''74''' 617-619 * Annette Pruess-Ustuen, Jamie Bartram, Thomas Clasen, na ndị edemede 17 ndị ọzọ gụnyere Valerie Curtis (2014) Ibu nke ọrịa sitere na mmiri na-ezughị oke, ịdị ọcha na ịdị ọcha na ntọala ego dị ala na nke etiti: nyocha nyocha nke data sitere na mba 145. ''Ọgwụ Tropical na Ahụike Mba Nile'' '''19''' 894-905 * Valerie Curtis, Michael de Barra na Robert Aunger (2011) Nkwụsị dị ka usoro mgbanwe maka omume izere ọrịa. ''Mmekọrịta nkà ihe ọmụma nke Royal Society B: Sayensị Biological'' <ref name="Curtis et al 2011"/> * Valerie A Curtis, Lisa O Danquah na Robert V Aunger (2009) Atụmatụ, akpali na omume ịdị ọcha: nyocha mba iri na otu. ''Nnyocha Mmụta Ahụike'' '''24''' 655-673 * Valerie Curtis, Robert Aunger na Tamer Rabie (2004) Ihe akaebe na iwe malitere iji chebe onwe ya pụọ n'ihe ize ndụ nke ọrịa. Ihe omume nke Royal Society B - Biological Sciences '''271''' Mgbakwunye 4Pages S131-S133 * Valerie Curtis na Yonli Cairncross (200'''3''') Mmetụta nke iji ncha saa aka na ihe ize ndụ nke afọ ọsịsa na obodo: nyocha usoro. Ọrịa na-efe efe nke Lancet 3 275-281 * Simon Cousens, Bernadette Kanki, Seydou Toure, Ibrahim Diallo na Valerie Curtis (1996) Mmeghachi omume na imeghachi omume nke omume ịdị ọcha: Nnyocha a haziri ahazi site na Burkina Faso. Sayensị na Ọgwụ '''43''' 1299-1308 == Ndụ onwe onye == A mụrụ Curtis na mpaghara Cumberland nke England. Ọ gara Queen's School, Chester wee mụọ B.Sc. injinia obodo na Mahadum nke Leeds, gụsịrị akwụkwọ na 1980. E nyere ya M.Sc. na Community Health and Development site na London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine na 1988. Ọ sochiri ndị a na nzere doctoral na mpaghara nke anthropology site na Mahadum Ọrụ Ugbo nke Wageningen, Netherlands nke Anke Niehof na Thierry Mertens nyere ndụmọdụ, nke e nyere na 1998.<ref name="Curtis1998">{{Cite book|author=Curtis|first=Val|title=The dangers of dirt: household hygiene and health|date=1998|publisher=Wageningen University and Research|location=Netherlands|isbn=978-90-5485-898-0|url=https://library.wur.nl/WebQuery/wurpubs/43312|accessdate=10 November 2020}}</ref> Ọ mụrụ ụmụ abụọ ma lụọ Robert Aunger . <ref name="LSHTM"/> A chọpụtara na ọ na-arịa ọrịa kansa n'oge ọkọchị nke afọ 2018, mgbe ọ matara na Febụwarị 2020 na a pụghịzi ịgwọ ya, ọ malitere itinye aka na mkpọsa megide mmetụta nke nkwụsi ike gọọmentị na UK National Health Service. <ref name="Guardian2020">{{Cite web|author=Curtis|first=Val|date=2020-07-16|title=I'm one of the thousands of extra cancer deaths we'll see this year|url=http://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2020/jul/16/extra-cancer-deaths-this-year-covid19-nhs-health|accessdate=2020-11-24|work=The Guardian|language=en}}</ref> <ref name="Aunger and Cumming 2020">{{Cite journal|author=Aunger|first=Robert|title=Val Curtis: public health researcher and activist|journal=British Medical Journal|date=2020|volume=371|doi=10.1136/bmj.m4119|url=https://www.bmj.com/content/371/bmj.m4119.full|accessdate=30 October 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=13 November 2020|title=Professor Valerie Curtis obituary|language=en|work=[[The Times]]|url=https://www.thetimes.com/article/professor-valerie-curtis-obituary-ssb2c6j6d|accessdate=2020-11-24}}</ref> == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * [https://www.nytimes.com/2008/07/13/business/13habit.html?_r=2&ei=5087&em=&en=893d6d16b2643e20&ex=1216180800&adxnnl=1&oref=slogin&adxnnlx=1393957107-gWRwSSBBCvjyJDjm/M2Fpw Val Curtis: akụkọ na nkọwa a chịkọtara] na ''The New York Times'' * [https://www.bmj.com/content/371/bmj.m4119.full Obituary, thebmj] [[Otú:Pages with unreviewed translations]] oimalu0yguox5hd2hzlq2eqpj1ileyb 0 72432 644264 587936 2026-05-30T20:03:28Z Geraldine Kene 23189 Fixed reference error 644264 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Yvonne Williams''' RCA (1901-1997) <ref name="cwahi" /> bụ onye na-ese enyo, nke a maara maka imepụta na ịmepụta windo enyo na Canada, gụnyere windo na St. John's Shaughnessy na Vancouver, Chalmers United Church na Guelph, Ontario na St. Michael & All Angels Church na Toronto.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Stained Glass|url=https://www.stjohnsshaughnessy.org/inspire/stained-glass/|publisher=St. John's Shaughnessy|accessdate=11 December 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Our History|url=https://www.stmichaelonstclair.com/history|publisher=St. Michael & All Angels Church|accessdate=28 December 2020}}</ref> A mụrụ Williams na nne na nna Canada na Port of Spain, Trinidad . <ref name="cwahi">{{Cite web|title=Williams, Yvonne|url=https://cwahi.concordia.ca/sources/artists/displayArtist.php?ID_artist=2487|publisher=Canadian Women Artists History Initiative|accessdate=21 November 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171201044328/https://cwahi.concordia.ca/sources/artists/displayArtist.php?ID_artist=2487|archivedate=1 December 2017}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://cwahi.concordia.ca/sources/artists/displayArtist.php?ID_artist=2487 "Williams, Yvonne"]. Canadian Women Artists History Initiative. [https://web.archive.org/web/20171201044328/https://cwahi.concordia.ca/sources/artists/displayArtist.php?ID_artist=2487 Archived] from the original on 1 December 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 November</span> 2017</span>.</cite></ref> N'afọ 1918, ezinụlọ ahụ laghachiri Canada.<ref name="cwahi" /> Williams debanyere aha n’Ụlọ Akwụkwọ Nkà nke Ontario n’afọ 1922. N'ebe ahụ ọ mụtara ịkpụ ihe mgbe ahụ ọ mụtara ịpịkọta, na-amụkwa n'okpuru Arthur Lismer, Frederick Varley na J. E. H. MacDonald. Ọ gbanwere isiokwu ya gaa na iko na nkà dị mma nke ọla, na-anọkwu otu afọ ọzọ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ mahadum iji mụta n'okpuru Edith Grace Coombs. N'afọ 1928, ọ malitere ọmụmụ ọrụ aka na ụlọ ọrụ Charles Jay Connick na Boston, Massachusetts. N'afọ 1936, ọ gara France ịmụ banyere iko eji agba na Chartres. Mgbe ọ laghachiri Toronto, Williams meghere ebe a na-arụ ọrụ na 1930, dị na Cariboo Avenue na North Toronto n'ụlọ ọ gbazitere n'aka Arthur Lismer. Ebe a na-arụ ọrụ nọ n'ọrụ ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ afọ 30. Ebe a na-arụ ọrụ natara ihe karịrị narị anọ nke ọrụ n’ofe Canada maka ebe ọha na eze na nke onwe.[2] Emebere ihe onyonyo nke Williams maka stampụ Canadian Yuletide nke 1976 nke 20 cent na stampụ Canadian Yuletide nke 1997 nke 52 cent.[1] Ọrụ ya gbasapụrụ ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ afọ 50 n'oge ọ dịtụghị mfe ka nwanyị banye n’ụlọ ọrụ nke iko agba.[3] Enwere mkparịta ụka na Williams banyere ọrụ ya dị na Ụlọ Ọrụ Akwụkwọ na Archives Canada n'okpuru Joan Murray fonds, R4917. Williams bụ onye otu Royal Architectural Institute of Canada (RAIC) na Royal Canadian Academy of Arts.[1] Ọ nwụrụ na 1997 na Parry Sound, Ontario. Ọ bụbu onye nyefere ala dị n'ọnụ mmiri maka ọha mmadụ na Mill Lake, nke a maara ugbu a dị ka Yvonne Williams Park. == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}} l51chuc5xq89xu4ej7g3oi7yt55ogwq 0 72519 644147 595102 2026-05-30T17:43:22Z Goodymeraj 16207 644147 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elizabeth Fensham''' (amụrụ n'afọ 1953) bụ onye edemede Australia. A mụrụ ya na '''Summer Hill''', '''Sydney''', Australia, ebe o toro dịka nwa nwanyị onye isi ụlọ akwụkwọ (headmaster), '''James Wilson Hogg''', na '''Trinity Grammar School'''. Ọ bi ugbu a na '''Dandenong Ranges''' dị na Victoria, ebe ọ na-arụ ọrụ dịka onye nkuzi asụsụ Bekee n’ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị (high school). Ọ lụrụ di bụ onye omenkà (artist), ma nwee ụmụ nwoke abụọ toro eto; nke okenye n’ime ha bụkwa onye omenkà bi na Sydney.ey <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.alexfensham.com/|title=Alex Fensham|publisher=Alex Fensham|accessdate=2013-11-26|archivedate=16 May 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130516221604/http://alexfensham.com/}}</ref> Alex Fensham . Akwụkwọ akụkọ (novel) mbụ ya, '''The Helicopter Man''', meriri '''CBCA Book of the Year for Younger Readers''' n’afọ '''2006'''. Dabere na '''WorldCat''', a na-ahụ ma na-edebe akwụkwọ a n’ọbá akwụkwọ '''486''' (libraries).6, <ref>{{Cite book|title=Helicopter man (Book, 2005)|publisher=[WorldCat.org]|oclc=57392221}}</ref> Loredana Serratore sụgharịrị ya n'asụsụ Italian dị ka Corri e non voltarti mai. <ref name="wcit">{{Cite book|title=Corri e non voltarti mai (Book, 2008)|publisher=[WorldCat.org]|oclc=800024575}}</ref> Akwụkwọ akụkọ ndị na-eto eto gara aga gụnyere Miss McAllister's Ghost na ''Goodbye Jamie Boyd.'' Akwụkwọ Fensham maka ụmụaka, Matty Forever, edepụtara maka Children's Book of the Year Award: Younger Readers na 2009. E bipụtara onye ibe ya, Bill Rules, na 2010 ma depụta ya maka Queensland Premier's Literary Awards na 2011.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.qld.gov.au/about/events-awards-honours/awards/literary-awards/shortlist/#_children|accessdate=July 11, 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120616173006/http://www.qld.gov.au/about/events-awards-honours/awards/literary-awards/shortlist/|archivedate=June 16, 2012|title=2011 Queensland Premier's Literary Awards shortlist}}</ref> E bipụtara akwụkwọ ya nke atọ na nke ikpeazụ na usoro "Matty", Matty and Bill for Keeps na 2012. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.uqp.uq.edu.au/Book.aspx/1197/Matty%20and%20Bill%20for%20Keeps|title=UQP - Matty and Bill for Keeps|publisher=Uqp.uq.edu.au|accessdate=2013-11-26}}</ref> Ọ pụtakwara dị ka onye ọbịa na-ekwu okwu na Melbourne Writers Festival. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.mwf.com.au/2009/content/mwf_2009_standard.asp?name=FenshamE|title=Elizabeth Fensham &#124; Melbourne Writers Festival|publisher=Mwf.com.au|accessdate=2013-11-26|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110308000644/http://www.mwf.com.au/2009/content/mwf_2009_standard.asp?name=FenshamE|archivedate=2011-03-08}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|title=Matty and Bill for keeps (eBook, 2012)|publisher=[WorldCat.org]|oclc=815480093}}</ref> Ụlọ ọrụ ihe nkiri Melbourne 'Monkey Baa' agagharịla ụdị ihe nkiri nke akwụkwọ ya Goodbye Jamie Boyd gburugburu n'akụkụ ọwụwa anyanwụ nke Australia.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://sa2.seatadvisor.com/sabo/servlets/TicketRequest?presenter=AUMONKEY&event=GJB12|title=Ticket Request|publisher=Sa2.seatadvisor.com|accessdate=2013-11-26|archivedate=3 February 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160203152955/http://sa2.seatadvisor.com/sabo/servlets/TicketRequest?presenter=AUMONKEY&event=GJB12}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" !Ndepụta nke utu aha !Afọ |- |''Nwoke Helikọpta'' |2006 |- |''Mmụọ nke Miss McAllister'' |2008 |- |''Jamie Boyd ka ọ dị mma'' |2008 |- |''Matty Ruo Mgbe Ebighị Ebi'' |2009 |- |''Iwu Bill'' |2010 |- |''Onye dike a na-adịghị ahụ anya'' |2011 |- |''Matty na Bill maka idebe'' |2012 |- |''Nkịta m Anaghị M'' |2015 |} == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}}{{Children's Book of the Year Award for Younger Readers}}{{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Fensham, Elizabeth}} [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 969xnqnn6jesm4qllrrbi9p2325qa1p 0 72648 644354 595658 2026-05-30T21:55:08Z Iwuala chisom 17246 Added {{DEFAULTSORT}} 644354 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}  A mụrụ '''Siyamiyateliyot''' '''Elizabeth Phillips''' n'afọ 1939 na Cheam First Nation nke British Columbia, Kanada. Ọ bụ okenye Stó:lō Nation na onye ikpeazụ na-asụ Halq'emeleym nke ọma, asụsụ ndị Indigenous nke Fraser Valley na Fraser Canyon na British Columbia. <ref>{{Cite news|title=B.C. elder receives honorary degree for her efforts to preserve Halq'emeylem language|url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/canada/british-columbia/article-bc-elder-receives-honorary-degree-for-her-efforts-to-preserve-halq/|accessdate=2020-12-21}}</ref> O tinyere ihe karịrị afọ iri ise n'ọrụ iji chekwaa asụsụ. == Akụkọ Ndụ == Nne Phillips nwụrụ mgbe ọ na-amụ nwa, nna ya kpọtakwara ya ka ọ biri na ezinụlọ Peters na Sea Bird Island . Ezinụlọ Peters bụ ndị na-asụ asụsụ Upriver Halq'emeleym nke ọma. Site na afọ 8 ruo 15, Phillips gara St. Mary's Residential School na Mission, British Columbia, ebe a machibidoro ya ịsụ Halq'emeleym. Agbanyeghị, o nwere ike ịnọgide na-asụ asụsụ ahụ nke ọma site n'iche echiche n'asụsụ ahụ. <ref>{{Cite news|title=B.C. elder receives honorary degree for efforts to keep the Halq'emeylem language alive {{!}} CBC News|language=en-US|work=CBC|url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/indigenous/b-c-elder-receives-honorary-degree-for-efforts-to-keep-the-halq-emeylem-language-alive-1.4694387|accessdate=2020-12-21}}</ref> Mgbe ọ dị afọ iri atọ na mbụ, ndị isi obodo bịakwutere Phillips ka ọ malite ịrụ ọrụ dị ka onye ntụgharị asụsụ maka ndị okenye. N'afọ 1980, ọ malitere ịrụ ọrụ n'ịchekwa asụsụ site na Coqualeetza Cultural Education Center. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|author=McKenna|first=Cara|date=2016-07-15|title=Language Keeper: The last fluent speaker of Stó:lō's Indigenous dialect in race against time|url=https://www.aptnnews.ca/featured/language-keeper-the-last-fluent-speaker-of-stolos-indigenous-dialect-in-race-against-time/|accessdate=2020-12-21|work=APTN News|language=en-US}}</ref> Phillips, ya na ndị okenye iri na otu ndị ọzọ, so ọkachamara asụsụ Brent Galloway rụkọọ ọrụ iji mepụta usoro ide ihe Halq'emeleym ma mezue akwụkwọ ọkọwa okwu. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web|author=Russell|first=Anne|title=Siyamiyateliyot Elizabeth Phillips receives UFV honorary degree for efforts to preserve Halq'eméylem language {{!}} UFV Today|url=https://blogs.ufv.ca/blog/2018/06/siyamiyateliyot-elizabeth-phillips-receives-ufv-honorary-degree-for-efforts-to-preserve-halqemeylem-language/|accessdate=2020-12-21|language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFRussell">Russell, Anne. [https://blogs.ufv.ca/blog/2018/06/siyamiyateliyot-elizabeth-phillips-receives-ufv-honorary-degree-for-efforts-to-preserve-halqemeylem-language/ "Siyamiyateliyot Elizabeth Phillips receives UFV honorary degree for efforts to preserve Halq'eméylem language | UFV Today"]<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-12-21</span></span>.</cite></ref> Phillips tinyere aka n'ọrụ Elizabeth Herrling, onye na-arụ ọrụ idekọ asụsụ ahụ n'akụkọ mana ọ nwụrụ tupu ọ rụchaa ọrụ ya. <ref name=":0" /> Ọ na Strang Burton, ọkachamara asụsụ, arụọla ọrụ ruo afọ iri abụọ. Ha abụọ edekọọla akụkọ abụọ ahụ ma akwụkwọ ọkọwa okwu ahụ. Burton ejirila ultrasound nke asụsụ dekọọ mmegharị nke asụsụ Phillips iji nyere ndị mmụta aka n'ịkpọpụta okwu. <ref>{{Cite journal|author=Bliss|first=Heather|date=June 2018|title=Seeing Speech: Ultrasound-based Multimedia Resources for Pronunciation Learning in Indigenous Languages|journal=Language Documentation and Conservation|url=https://scholarspace.manoa.hawaii.edu/handle/10125/24771|language=en-US|pages=393–429|issn=1934-5275}}</ref> Phillips ka na-agakarị n'ụlọ akwụkwọ asụsụ Halq'eméylem na Mahadum Fraser Valley na ụlọ akwụkwọ dị na mpaghara ahụ. Ọ na-enyekwa ndụmọdụ gbasara mmepe nke ọmụmụ ihe. <ref>{{Cite journal|author=Moore|first=Danièle|date=2013-08-22|title=Language and literacy development in a Canadian native community: Halq'eméylem revitalization in a Stó:lō head start program in British Columbia|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-4781.2013.12028.x|journal=The Modern Language Journal|volume=97|issue=3|pages=702–719|doi=10.1111/j.1540-4781.2013.12028.x|issn=0026-7902}}</ref> Mahadum Fraser Valley kwadoro Phillips n'afọ 2018 site na nzere Dọkịta nke Akwụkwọ Ozi dị nsọ. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web|author=Russell|first=Anne|title=Siyamiyateliyot Elizabeth Phillips receives UFV honorary degree for efforts to preserve Halq'eméylem language {{!}} UFV Today|url=https://blogs.ufv.ca/blog/2018/06/siyamiyateliyot-elizabeth-phillips-receives-ufv-honorary-degree-for-efforts-to-preserve-halqemeylem-language/|accessdate=2020-12-21|language=en-US}}</ref> == Mbipụta == * Phillips, SE, Gutierrez, XT, & Russell, S. (2017). ''Ịgwa okwu n'asụsụ Halq'eméylem: Ịdekọ mkparịta ụka n'asụsụ obodo'' . <ref>{{Cite book|author=Phillips|first=Siyamiyateliyot Elizabeth|title=Talking in Halq'eméylem: documenting conversation in an indigenous language|date=2017|isbn=978-0-88865-281-2|language=English|oclc=1127753773}}</ref> == Edensibịa == {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Phillips, Elizabeth}} [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] kovaum90apvp9b2aru1ylmcvs82sljv 0 72653 644320 595700 2026-05-30T21:22:44Z Sayvhior 13464 /* Mmụta */ fixed reference errors 644320 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faịlụ:Valerie-Yule.jpg|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|Valerie Yule]] '''Valerie Constance Yule''' OAM (2 Jenụwarị 1929 - 28 Jenụwarụ 2021) <ref name="deathnotice">{{Cite web|title=Death Notice: Dr Valerie Constance Yule|url=https://tributes.theage.com.au/obituaries/398202/dr-valerie-constance-yule/|work=The Age|accessdate=14 June 2021|archivedate=14 June 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210614043314/https://tributes.theage.com.au/obituaries/398202/dr-valerie-constance-yule/}}</ref> bụ onye Australia na-eme nchọpụta na onye ọgụgụ ma ode na iche echiche, mabu onye na-ahụ maka ọrịa ụmụaka, agụmakwụkwọ, onye na-amụ maka akparamàgwà ụlọ akwụkwọ na onye nkuzi. Yule nwụrụ na 28 Jenụwarị 2021. E nyere ya ihe nrite nke Order nke Australia mgbe ọ nwụsịrị na emume ncheta ọmụmụ Queen's Birthday Honours nke 2021.<ref name="oam">{{Cite web|title=The late Dr Valerie Constance YULE|url=https://honours.pmc.gov.au/honours/awards/2009323|work=Australian Honours Search Facility|publisher=Australian Government|accessdate=14 June 2021}}</ref> == Mmụta == Ọ gara Methodist Ladies' College, Melbourne (East 1945). Ọ nwetara BA (Hons) na History na English, site na Janet Clarke Hall na MA Melbourne; mgbe amuchara ụmụ ya, ọ laghachiri na ọmụmụ ya wee gụchaa MA Psychology na Dip Ed . <ref name="SS" />Na mbido afọ 1990, ọ gụrụ maka PhD Education na Mahadum Monash, na edemede nyocha na Orthography na Reading, Spelling na Society.<ref name="SS" /> == Ọrụ == Yule mere nnyocha maka iwepụ ihe mgbochi maka ọgụgụ na odide. Nke a na-agụnye echiche nke ịnweta nghọta na enyemaka onwe onye n'ịntanetị, yana imeziwanye mkpụrụ okwu Bekee site n'ịbawanye uru ya yana ibelata ọghọm ya iji gboo mkpa na ikike nke ndị ọrụ na ndị na-amụ ihe. Ọ mụtakwala echiche ụmụaka na ngwa ya. Ihe ndị ọzọ na-amasị ya gụnyere ụzọ ndị ọzọ maka nsogbu mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya; nlekọta ụmụaka; igbochi mmebi nke ọgụgụ isi; mmetụta nghọta nke egwu dị oke egwu; obi ụtọ na-adịghị ebibi ihe; ụzọ akụ na ụba na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị maka nkwado na-enweghị ịchọ uto na-aga n'ihu; ngwọta mmadụ maka uto ndị mmadụ; ibelata mmepụta nke ihe mkpofu iji belata ikuku carbon; na akparamagwa nke udo. == Ndị otu == * Enyi otu Galton Institute ([[Obodoézè Nà Ofú|UK]]) * Onye otu British Psychological Society * Onye isi oche, Simplified Spelling Society ([[Obodoézè Nà Ofú|UK]]) * Onye otu, Independent Scholars Association of Australia, na nke Australian agụmakwụkwọ na mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya. * Onye guzobere, ụlọ ọrụ na-enweghị uru Australian Centre for Social Innovations, 1991 * Onye otu, British Institute for Social Inventions, 1984 == Ọrụ e bipụtara == * ''Ihe Na-eme Ụmụaka: Mmalite nke ime ihe ike''. Nchịkọta akụkọ nke ụmụaka nwere nsogbu na-enweghị ike ide ha kọrọ. Sydney: Angus & Robertson 1979<ref>{{Cite book|author=Valerie Yule|title=What Happens to Children: The Origins of Violence, a Collection of Stories Told by Children who Could Not Write Them|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0ctwAynyz7MC|year=1979|publisher=Angus & Robertson|isbn=978-0-207-14201-7}}</ref> * [https://books.google.com/books?id=8KXFW58GfvoC ''Psychology For Teenagers - Ime ka ihe ka ukwuu n'ime ndị ị bụ''] * ''Gịnị bụ ụlọ akwụkwọ praịmarị, n'ụzọ ọ bụla?'' Melbourne: Mmụta praịmarị, 1981 * The Encyclopaedia of Social Inventions. [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Valerie Yule na Nicholas Albery Institute of Social Inventions. London 1989. * Akwụkwọ nke Spells & Misspells. Sussex, UK: The Book Guild. 2005<ref name="G">{{Cite web|url=https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/918546.Valerie_Yule|title=Valerie Yule|author=<!--Not stated-->|date=|work=Good Reads|publisher=|accessdate=April 28, 2025|quote=}}</ref> * L. Ivanov na V. Yule. [https://web.archive.org/web/20070930200603/http://members.lycos.co.uk/rre/RPA-Paper-2007.html Roman Phonetic Alphabet maka Bekee.] ''Asụsụ Dị iche iche''. [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] peeji nke 50-64&nbsp; * Psychology for Teenagers, Literacy Innovations 2009<ref name="G" /> * ''N'ime Uche Ụmụaka'', BookPal 2014<ref name="G" /> * ''Ọnwa anọ na Korea tupu agha: akwụkwọ ncheta sitere na 1950s'', V. Yule na E. Anderson 2020 <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.amazon.co.uk/Four-months-pre-war-Korea-memoir-ebook/dp/B08KP9WKKH|title=Four months in pre-war Korea, a memoir from the 1950s|author=<!--Not stated-->|date=|work=Amazon|publisher=|accessdate=April 28, 2025|quote=}}</ref> == Ndụ ezinụlọ == A mụrụ ya Valerie Constance East ma bụrụ nke okenye n'ime ụmụnne nwanyị atọ; ọ lụrụ Reverend George Yule na Disemba 1948 ma ha nwere ụmụ atọ.<ref name="SS">{{Cite web|url=https://www.spellingsociety.org/in-memoriam-valerie-yule_p49|title=In memoriam: Valerie Yule: 1929 - 2021|author=<!--Not stated-->|date=|work=The Spelling Society|publisher=|accessdate=April 28, 2025|quote=}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.spellingsociety.org/in-memoriam-valerie-yule_p49 "In memoriam: Valerie Yule: 1929 - 2021"]. ''The Spelling Society''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 April</span> 2025</span>.</cite></ref> == Hụkwa == * Interspel == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * Mgbanwe orthography na valerieyule.com.au * Asụsụ Bekee Improvement na valerieyule.com.au * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4ISu4LWGOyY Valerie Yule Spelling Video] na Eidos Fresh Ideas, YouTube * Valerie Yule Isiokwu na Online Opinion * [http://www.abc.net.au/rn/ockhamsrazor/stories/2007/1848554.htm Nsogbu nke Ike Mmadụ] na Ockham's Razor * Valerie Yule na Onye Ọrụ Ọchịchị onye kwuo uche ya na Access My Library nzmnf2y73arkcipp1ou9h454fwye988 0 72664 644376 595754 2026-05-30T22:14:58Z Iwuala chisom 17246 Added {{DEFAULTSORT}} 644376 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Ella Habiba Shohat''' bụ prọfesọ America nke ọmụmụ ọdịbendị <ref>{{Cite web|author=Boatca|first=Manuela|title=Bodies and Borders: An Interview with Ella Shohat|url=https://www.jadaliyya.com/Details/29824|work=Jadaliyya|publisher=Jadaliyya|accessdate=12 February 2026}}</ref> na Mahadum New York . <ref name=":0" /> O dere ma kụzie ihe gbasara Eurocentrism, orientalism, post-colonialism, trans-nationalism, diasporic cultures, na Iraqi-Jewish culture.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite book|author=Shohat|first=Ella|title=Remainders Revisited: An Exilic Journey from Hakham Sasson Khdhuri to Joseph Sassoon Semah|date=2020|publisher=Stichting Metropool Internationale Kunstprojecten|location=Amsterdam|url=http://www.josephsemah.nl/onfriendshipIII.html}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|author=Shohat|first=Ella|title=Lost Homelands, Imaginary Returns The Exilic Literature of Iranian and Iraqi Jews|date=6 December 2016|pages=20–58|url=https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.18574/nyu/9781479883844.003.0006/pdf|publisher=NYU press, 2016|doi=10.18574/nyu/9781479883844.003.0006|isbn=978-1-4798-8384-4}}</ref> == Ihe ndị mere n'oge gara aga == === Aha ndị Arab na ndị Juu === Nne na nna Shohat bụ Ndị Juu Iraq bụ ndị a chụpụrụ gaa Israel n'afọ ndị 1950 wee kwaga United States. <ref name="Remembering-785">{{Cite journal|first=Ella|author=Shohat|title=Remembering a Baghdad Elsewhere: An emotional cartography|journal=Biography|volume=37|issue=3|year=2014|doi=10.1353/bio.2014.0034}}</ref> Ọ kọwara onwe ya dị ka "Arab-Jew" n'ihe gbasara njirimara ya (lee Mizrahi Jews). <ref name="Remembering-785" /> Ụfọdụ n'ime ihe odide Shohat na-ekwu maka njirimara Arab-Jewish n'ime esemokwu Arab-Israel. Ọ kọwara oge ọ bụ nwata n'Izrel n'afọ ndị 1960 dị ka oge a na-akpọbata ụmụaka maka imepụta njirimara ọhụrụ nke ga-emegide Iraqiness, Arabness na Middle East nke nne na nna anyị. "<ref name="Remembering-786">{{Cite journal|first=Ella|author=Shohat|title=Remembering a Baghdad Elsewhere: An emotional cartography|journal=Biography|volume=37|issue=3|year=2014|doi=10.1353/bio.2014.0034}}</ref> Nne na nna ya ochie amụtaghị Hibru na nne na nna ya kwara arịrị otú "na Iraq [...] anyị bụ ndị Juu. Na Israel, anyị bụ ndị Arab".<ref name="Remembering-786" /> A gwara nna ya na ndị enyi ya ka ha kwụsị ikwu Arabic n'ebe ọrụ ma Shohat n'onwe ya na-echeta ozi yiri nke a na-agwa ụmụaka n'ụlọ akwụkwọ.<ref name="Remembering-786" /> Ọ kọwara onwe ya na ụmụ akwụkwọ ndị ọzọ dị ka "ndị na-amaghị ama nke ndị isi mgbaka [...] [onye] a tụrụ anya ka ha hichapụ [...] ihe gara aga gafee ókèala ndị a kpọghachiri Baghdads, Cairos ma ọ bụ Rabats nke ụlọ anyị na agbata obi anyị".[who][and]<ref name="Remembering-786" /> Shohat chere na usoro a bụ akụkụ nke "ịdọ aka ná ntị, idozi, ime ka ọ dị mma" iji mee ka ha bụrụ "ndị Israel dị mpako".<ref name="Remembering-786" /> == Ihe odide na nnabata == N'ime nyocha nke akwụkwọ akụkọ agụmakwụkwọ Biography, prọfesọ onye Juu nke Ijipt bụ́ Joyce Zonana kọwara akwụkwọ Shohat bụ́ On the Arab Jew, Palestine and Other Displacements dị ka "ọrụ miri emi" na "ntinye aka ọhụụ na ọmụmụ omenala (ọtụtụ)" nke na-enye "ụzọ ọhụrụ bara uru nke iche echiche banyere njirimara, ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, na omenala na Middle East na karịa.".<ref name="Biog-review" /> Zonana jiri Shohat tụnyere Edward Said na Frantz Fanon, bụ ndị ọ kpọrọ aha dị ka naanị ndị edemede ndị ọzọ "nnyocha ọdịbendị / ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ha gbanyere mkpọrọgwụ na ndụ ha" n'ụzọ doro anya na nke na-arụpụta ihe n'ụzọ ọrụ Shohat.<ref name="Biog-review" /> Zonana gara n'ihu kwuo na Shohat "kwanyere" Said na Fanon ùgwù site na nchịkọta ihe odide a.<ref name="Biog-review" /> A kọwara edemede "Sephardim in Israel: Zionism from the Standpoint of Its Jewish Victims" na "Dislocated Identities: Reflections of an Arab Jew" dị ka "canonical" na "breaking".<ref name="Biog-review" /> Akwụkwọ akụkọ ''Mashriq & Mahjar'' toro On the Arab Jew, Palestine and Other Displacements. <ref name="Mashriq-review">{{Cite journal|first=Kelly|author=Jennifer Lynn|title=ELLA SHOHAT, On the Arab-Jew, Palestine, and Other Displacements: Selected Writings (London: Pluto Press, 2017). 464 pages. $115.00 cloth, $28.00 paper, $28.00 e-book. ISBN 9780745399508.|journal=Mashriq & Mahjar|volume=6|issue=2|year=2019|doi=10.24847/66i2019.233}}</ref> Na nyocha ahụ, Prọfesọ Jennifer L. Kelly kọwara akwụkwọ ahụ dị ka "agụ akwụkwọ achọrọ maka ndị ọkà mmụta na-arụ ọrụ na njikọ nke ọmụmụ ndị gbara ọsọ ndụ, ọmụmụ ihe ndị na-achị ala, na ọmụmụ ụmụ nwanyị". <ref name="Mashriq-review" /> Kelly kwuru na Shohat "na-akọwapụta ihe yiri nke dị n'etiti ndị Arab-Juu ndị a chụpụrụ na ndị Palestine a chụpụrụ na ntọala nke mba Israel na 1948" iji "tụ aka n'ọtụtụ ime ihe ike ndị na-akpali ndụ n'ihi ọrụ na ndọrọ n'agha.".<ref name="Mashriq-review" /> Ọkà mmụta akụkọ ihe mere eme na onye na-akwado ikike agha nke Israel bụ Ilan Pappe kpọrọ Shohat otu n'ime otu ndị ọkà mmụta a ma ama, yana Sami Shalom Chetrit, ndị "mere ọtụtụ ihe iji kpughee" "usoro nke iwepụ Arabization" nke Mizrahim tinyere mgbe ọ bịarutere na steeti ọhụrụ nke Israel.. <ref>{{Cite book|first=Ilan|author=Pappe|title=[[The Ethnic Cleansing of Palestine]]|year=2006|publisher=[[Oneworld Publications]]|location=London|edition=Paperback}}</ref> On the Arab Jew, Palestine and Other Displacements bụ onye mmeri nke Middle East Monitor Palestine Book Award 2017 maka Memoir. <ref name="Biog-review">{{Cite journal|first=Zonana|author=Joyce|title=Review of ''On the Arab-Jew, Palestine, and Other Displacements: Selected Writings'', by Ella Shohat|journal=[[Biography (journal)|Biography]]|volume=42|issue=2|year=2019|pages=455–459|doi=10.1353/bio.2019.0052}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFJoyce2019">Joyce, Zonana (2019). </cite></ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=On the Arab-Jew, Palestine, and Other Displacements|url=https://www.plutobooks.com/9780745399492/on-the-arab-jew-palestine-and-other-displacements/}}</ref> Ella Shohat's work has been translated into many languages including Arabic, Hebrew, French, Spanish, Portuguese, German, Polish, Turkish, Italian and Japanese.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|author=Shohat|first=Ella|title=On the Arab-Jew, Palestine, and Other Displacements|publisher=[[Pluto Press]]|year=2017|isbn=978-0-7453-9949-2|edition=Paperback|location=London|pages=464}}<cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFShohat2017">Shohat, Ella (2017). </cite></ref> == Publications == === Books === * ''Colonialité et Ruptures: Écrits sur les figures juives arabes'', Essays selected and introduced by Joelle Marelli & Tal Dor, and translated into French by Marelli, Lux Éditeur, Canada, 2021. * ''On the Arab-Jew, Palestine, and Other Displacements: Selected Writings of Ella Shohat.'' London, Pluto Press, 2017.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.press.uchicago.edu/ucp/books/book/distributed/O/bo26304220.html|title=On the Arab-Jew, Palestine, and Other Displacements: Selected Writings of Ella Shohat, Shohat|work=www.press.uchicago.edu|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170519170930/http://press.uchicago.edu/ucp/books/book/distributed/O/bo26304220.html|archivedate=2017-05-19}}</ref> * ''Between the Middle East and the Americas: The Cultural Politics of Diaspora'' (coedited with E. Alsultany), The University of Michigan Press, 2013. Honorable Mention in the Non-Fiction category for the Arab American Book Award, Arab American National Museum.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://www.press.umich.edu/143813/between_the_middle_east_and_the_americas|title=Between the Middle East and the Americas}}</ref> * ''Race in Translation: Culture Wars around the Postcolonial Atlantic'' (coauthored with R. Stam), New York University Press, 2012.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://nyupress.org/books/9780814798379/|title=Race in Translation}}</ref> * ''Flagging Patriotism: Crises of Narcissism and Anti-Americanism'' (co-authored with Robert Stam).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.routledge.com/Flagging-Patriotism-Crises-of-Narcissism-and-Anti-Americanism/Shohat-Stam/p/book/9780415979221|title=Flagging Patriotism: Crises of Narcissism and Anti-Americanism}}</ref> * ''Le sionisme du point de vue de ses victimes juives: les juifs orientaux en Israel'' (first published in 1988, with a new introduction, Paris; La Fabrique Editions, 2006). * ''Taboo Memories, Diasporic Voices'' (Duke University Press, 2006). * ''Multiculturalism, Postcoloniality and Transnational Media'' (coedited, Rutgers University Press, 2003).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.rutgersuniversitypress.org/multiculturalism-postcoloniality-and-transnational-media/9780813532356|title=Book Details}}</ref> * ''Zikhronot Asurim'' (Hebrew, Forbidden Reminiscences, Bimat Kedem LeSifrut with the Alternative Information Center, 2001).<ref>{{Cite book|title=Zikhronot Asurim (Hebrew, Forbidden Reminiscences), Bimat Kedem LeSifrut with the Alternative Information Center, pages 1-410 (Hebrew), 2001 (Digital Publication, el Ray Agency and Booxilla, 2017)|date=January 2001|url=https://www.academia.edu/34657907}}</ref> * ''Talking Visions: Multicultural Feminism in a Transnational Age''. (MIT & The New Museum of Contemporary Art, 1998).<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://mitpress.mit.edu/books/talking-visions|title=Talking Visions &#124; the MIT Press|series=Documentary Sources in Contemporary Art|date=6 July 1999|publisher=MIT Press|isbn=9780262194266}}</ref> * ''Dangerous Liaisons: Gender, Nation, and Postcolonial Perspectives'' (Co-edited with [[Anne McClintock|McClintock, Anne]] & Amir Mufti), University of Minnesota Press, 1997. * ''Unthinking Eurocentrism: Multiculturalism and the Media'' (coauthored with Robert Stam, 1994), 20th Anniversary 2nd Edition, with a new Afterward Chapter, "Thinking about Unthinking: Twenty Years After" (1-73 pages) London: Routledge, 2014. Katherine Kovacs Singer Best Film Book Award for 1994.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.routledge.com/Unthinking-Eurocentrism-Multiculturalism-and-the-Media-2nd-Edition/Shohat-Stam/p/book/9780415538619|title=Unthinking Eurocentrism: Multiculturalism and the Media}}</ref> * ''Israeli Cinema: East/West and the Politics of Representation'' (University of Texas Press, 1989), 20th Anniversary Edition with a New Postscript Chapter, London, I.B. Tauris, 2010.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ibtauris.com/Books/Society%20%20social%20sciences/Politics%20%20government/Israeli%20Cinema%20East%20%20West%20and%20the%20Politics%20of%20Representation.aspx|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120325215129/http://www.ibtauris.com/Books/Society%20%20social%20sciences/Politics%20%20government/Israeli%20Cinema%20East%20%20West%20and%20the%20Politics%20of%20Representation.aspx|archivedate=2012-03-25|title=Israeli Cinema: East / West and the Politics of Representation|date=2012-03-25|accessdate=2020-01-09}}</ref> === Articles === * "Disorienting Cleopatra: A Modern Trope of Identity" in ''The Black in the Mediterranean Blue: The Anniversary Issue'', ''Transition'', Number 132, 2021, pages 148-169. * "The Invention of Judeo-Arabic", Interventions: International Journal of Postcolonial Studies, Routledge, Volume 19, Issue 2, 2017, pages 153–200. * "Lost Homelands, Imaginary Returns: The Exilic Literature of Iranian and Iraqi Jews", in ''Moments of Silence: Authenticity in the Cultural Expressions of the Iran-Iraq War (1980-1988)'', Arta Khakpour, Mohammad Mehdi Khorrami & Shouleh Vatanabadi, eds. New York University Press, 2016, pages 20–58.<ref>{{Cite journal|url=https://www.academia.edu/34732765|title="Lost Homelands, Imaginary Returns: The Exilic Literature of Iranian and Iraqi Jews" in Moments of Silence: Authenticity in the Cultural Expressions of the Iran-Iraq War, 1980-1988, Arta Khakpour, Mohammad Mehdi Khorrami and Shouleh Vatanabadim, eds., New York, New York University Press, 2016, pages 20-58.|journal=Moments of Silence: Authenticity in the Cultural Expressions of the Iran-Iraq War, 1980-1988|author=Shohat|first=Ella|date=January 2016}}</ref> * "The Question of Judeo-Arabic(s): Itineraries of Belonging", in ''Languages of Modern Jewish Cultures: Comparative Perspectives'', Joshua Miller and Anita Norich, eds. University of Michigan Press, 2016, pages 94–149. * "The Specter of the Blackamoor: Figuring Africa and the Orient", in ''Re-Significations: European Blackamoors, Africana Reading'', edited by Awam Amkpa. Rome: Postcart SRL, 2016.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.academia.edu/34729161|title="The Specter of the Blackamoor: Figuring Africa and the Orient" in Re-Significations: European Blackamoors, Africana Reading, Awam Amkpa, ed., Rome: Postcart SRL, 2016, pages 95-115|author=Shohat|first=Ella|date=January 2016}}</ref> * "A Voyage to Toledo: 25 Years After the 'Jews of the Orient and Palestinians' Meetin", ''Jadaliyya'', September 30, 2014.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.jadaliyya.com/Details/31283|title=A Voyage to Toledo: Twenty-Five Years After the 'Jews of the Orient and Palestinians' Meeting|author=جدلية|first=Jadaliyya-|work=Jadaliyya - جدلية|language=en|accessdate=2020-01-09}}</ref> * "The Question of Judeo-Arabic" Opening Essay, ''[[Arab Studies Journal]]'', 23:1 (Fall 2015), pages 14-76. * "Remembering a Baghdad Elsewhere: An Emotional Cartography", ''Biography'', 37:3 (Summer 2014), pages 784-790 * "The Sephardi-Moorish Atlantic: Between Orientalism and Occidentalism", in ''Between the Middle East and the Americas: The Cultural Politics of Diaspora'', edited by Ella Habiba Shohat and Evelyn Azeeza Alsultany. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 2013.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.academia.edu/34729190|title="The Sephardi-Moorish Atlantic: Between Orientalism and Occidentalism" in Between the Middle East and the Americas: The Cultural Politics of Diaspora, Ella Habiba Shohat, Evelyn Azeeza Alsultany, eds., Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 2013, pages 42-62.|author=Shohat|first=Ella|date=January 2013}}</ref> * "Transnationalizing Comparison: The Uses and Abuses of Cross-Cultural Analogy" (with R. Stam), Special focus, "Comparison," ''New Literary History'', 40: 3 (Summer 2009), pages 473-499. * "The ‘Postcolonial’ in Translation: Reading Said in Hebrew" (a special issue on Edward Said, edited by Rashid Khalidi,) ''Journal of Palestine Studies'', XXXIII, number 3 (Spring 2004), pages 55-75. * "The Shaping of Mizrahi Studies: A Relational Approach", ''Israel Studies Forum'', Volume 17, Number 2, (Spring 2002): pages 86-93.<ref>{{Cite journal|title=The Shaping of Mizrahi Studies: A Relational Approach|author=Ella Shohat|journal=Israel Studies Forum|year=2002|volume=17|pages=86–93|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/41804897}}</ref> * "Notes on the" Post-Colonial", ''Social Text'' 31/32 (1992): pages 99-113. * "Rethinking Jews and Muslims: Quincentennial Reflections", ''Middle East Report'', number 178 (1992): pages 25-29.<ref>{{Cite journal|title=Rethinking Jews and Muslims: Quincentennial Reflections|author=Ella Shohat|journal=Middle East Report|year=1992|volume=178|issue=178|pages=25–29|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/3012984|doi=10.2307/3012984}}</ref> * "Dislocated Identities: Reflections of an Arab Jew", Movement Research: Performance Journal # 5 (Fall Winter, 1992). Segments from Ella Shohat's essay are included in Elia Suleiman's New York-based film Homage by Assassination (1992).<ref>{{Cite journal|url=https://www.academia.edu/11961837|title="Dislocated Identities: Reflections of an Arab-Jew," (Published simultaneously in Emergences) Movement Research 5 (Fall 1991/Winter 1992), page 8|journal=Movement Research: Performance Journal|author=Shohat|first=Ella|date=January 1992}}</ref> * "Sephardim in Israel: Zionism from the standpoint of its Jewish victims", ''Social Text'', 19/20 (1988): pages 1-35.<ref>{{Cite journal|title=Sephardim in Israel: Zionism from the Standpoint of Its Jewish Victims|author=Ella Shohat|journal=Social Text|year=1988|volume=Autumn 1988|pages=1–35|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/466176|doi=10.2307/466176}}</ref> === Mbipụta pụrụ iche edepụtara === * "Edward Said: A Memorial Issue" (nke ya na Patrick Deer na Gyan Prakash jikọrọ aka), Social Text 87 (Summer 2006) peeji nke 1-144. * ''"Nrụrụ aka na Corporate Culture"'' (nke ya na Randy Martin jikọrọ aka), Social Text 77 (Winter 2003) peeji nke 1-153 * "Palestine in a Transnational Context" (nke ya na Timothy Mitchell & Gyan Prakash jikọrọ aka dee), Social Text 75 (Summer 2003) peeji nke 1-162 * "911-A Public Emergency?" (nke ya na Brent Edwards, Stefano Harney, Randy Martin, Timothy Mitchell, Fred Moten jikọrọ aka dee), Social Text 72 (Fall 2002), peeji nke 1-199 === Ntinye aka na ihe nkiri === * Samir, Chefuo Baghdad: ndị Juu na ndị Arab - Njikọ Iraq Switzerland 2002. Ihe omuma. (Ihe nkiri ahụ bụ onye mmeri nke Best Documentary, Swiss Film Prize; na nke Critics Week Award, Locarno International Film Festival. * Ajụjụ ọnụ maka DVD Documentaries na Rambo III, Afghanistan: Land of Crisis and Guts and Glory, nke Laura Nix mepụtara, Artisan Home Entertainment, 2002. * Commentary/Interviewee, Fresh Blood, Video Essay by b.h. Yael, Canada, 1996.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Fresh Blood|url=http://www.bhyael.ca/fresh-blood|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211126181341/http://www.bhyael.ca/fresh-blood|archivedate=2021-11-26}}</ref> * Onye nyere aka na edemede na olu n'elu ọgụgụ maka ihe nkiri Elia Suleiman Homage by Assassination (28 min) 1992. Ihe nkiri Elia Suleiman gụnyere akụkụ ole na ole site na edemede Shohat, nke e dere n'oge 1990-91 Gulf War. Shohat & Suleiman degharịrị akụkụ ndị ahụ dị ka akwụkwọ ozi sitere n'aka Ella Habiba Shohat nye enyi ya Elia Suleiman. Ka Suleiman na-anata akwụkwọ ozi ahụ, a na-anụ Shohat n'olu na-agụ site na "Reflections of an Arab-Jew. == Edensibịa == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * [https://tisch.nyu.edu/about/directory/app/1295710755 Prọfesọ Ella Shohat], ngalaba ngalaba, Ngalaba nke Art & Public Policy, Tisch School of the Arts, Mahadum New York * https://nyu.academia.edu/EllaShohat, Academia page. {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Shohat, Ella}} [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 6uvl1tfrlefnbrnsjviovhmb3n7zehj 0 72940 644334 596441 2026-05-30T21:38:28Z Iwuala chisom 17246 Added {{DEFAULTSORT}} 644334 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Elizabeth Olatayo Williams''' (amụrụ na June 23, 1993) bụ onye egwuregwu bọọlụ basketball ọkachamara nke Naịjirịa na Amerịka maka Chicago Sky nke Women's National Basketball Association (WNBA) na maka Galatasaray nke Turkish Super League. Ọ gbara bọọlụ basketball kọleji maka Duke Blue Devils. Connecticut Sun nke anọ n'ozuzu ya họpụtara ya na draft WNBA nke afọ 2015. == Ọrụ basketball nke USA == === 2009 U16 Mexico City === A họpụtara Williams ka ọ bụrụ onye otu mbụ n'ime ndị otu egwuregwu bọọlụ U16 maka USA. Ndị otu ahụ so na asọmpi FIBA ​​Americas U16 Championship For Women nke mbụ emere na Mexico City, Mexico na August 2009. O duuru onye ndu otu ahụ na rebounds, na 5.2 kwa egwuregwu, ma nweta nkezi isi 13.4 kwa egwuregwu, nke abụọ kachasị elu na otu ahụ. O kewara Breanna Stewart maka ọnụọgụgụ kachasị nke blọk kwa egwuregwu, na-edekọ 7 kwa egwuregwu. O nyeere otu ahụ aka inweta ndekọ 5-0 na ihe nrite ọlaedo na asọmpi ahụ. Mmeri ahụ nwetara ohere ozugbo ịbanye na asọmpi FIBA ​​U17 World Championship nke afọ 2010. A họpụtara Williams ka ọ bụrụ onye kacha baa uru na Championship === 2010 U17 France === Williams gara n'ihu na otu ahụ ka ọ ghọrọ otu U17. Ndị otu ahụ sonyere na 2010 FIBA U17 World Championship for Women, nke emere na Rodez & Toulouse, France n'oge July 2010. Williams nyeere ndị otu ahụ aka inweta ihe nrite ọla edo na ndekọ 8-0. Ọ bụ onye na-ebute ụzọ, na-enweta akara 13.5 n'egwuregwu ọ bụla ma kụọ 61.8% nke ọkpụkpụ ya, nke kachasị elu na otu ahụ na nke abụọ kachasị elu n'etiti ndị sonyere. Ọ butere ndị otu ahụ na rebounds, na-eme nkezi 7.6 kwa egwuregwu. O dekọrọ blọk iri na isii, nke abụọ kachasị elu na otu ahụ. Williams malitere ike, na-edekọ okpukpu abụọ na egwuregwu mmeghe megide France, na ọzọ, na akara 20 na rebounds 14 na egwuregwu nke abụọ megide Russia. === U19 World Championships Chile === Na 2011, a họpụtara Williams ka ọ so n'òtù egwuregwu bọọlụ basketball nke mba Amerịka n'asọmpi mba ụwa nke ụmụ afọ iri na itoolu, nke emere na Puerto Montt, Chile. USA meriri egwuregwu ise mbụ ha, mana ha emeghị nke ọma, ha meriri Canada 64–52. Ha ka ruru eru maka agba nke ihe nrite, ha wee soro France gbaa asọmpi nke abụọ. Mba Amerịka dara site na ihe ruru isi iri na atọ na mbido egwuregwu ahụ, mana ha butere ụzọ n'oge ihe karịrị otu nkeji tupu egwuregwu ahụ, ha mechara merie 70–64. Mba Amerịka butere ụzọ n'oge na ọkara ikpeazụ megide Brazil, wee merie iji ruo eru maka egwuregwu ihe nrite ọlaedo. Egwuregwu ikpeazụ bụ megide mba Spain. Williams bụ otu n'ime ndị egwuregwu atọ nke mba Amerịka nwere isi iri na ise n'egwuregwu ahụ, ya na Stefanie Dolson na Kaleena Mosqueda-Lewis bụ ndị nyeere mba Amerịka aka imeri ihe nrite ọlaedo 69–46. Williams nwetara isi asatọ na iri itoolu na iri ise kwa egwuregwu na ihe nrite 5.0 kwa egwuregwu iji nyere mba Amerịka aka inweta ndekọ 8–1 na ihe nrite ọlaedo n'egwuregwu Championship. == Ọrụ kọleji == Williams gbara bọọlụ na Duke afọ anọ. N'ime afọ ikpeazụ ya, ọ nwetara akara 14.5, 9.0 rebounds, na 2.5 assists kwa egwuregwu. Nkezi enyemaka ya bụ nke kachasị elu n'etiti ọ bụla na mba ahụ na asọmpi basketball ụmụ nwanyị nke Atlantic Coast Conference. Ọ kwụsịrị ọrụ ya na ngụkọta 426, nke itoolu kachasị elu na akụkọ ihe mere eme nke NCAA.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.newsobserver.com/sports/college/acc/duke/article18730758.html|title=Duke's Elizabeth Williams goes 4th in WNBA draft|work=newsobserver|accessdate=2017-09-15|language=en}}</ref> == Ọrụ WNBA == === Connecticut Sun (2015) === Connecticut Sun dere Williams nke anọ n'ozuzu ya na 2015 WNBA draft. Oge ọhụrụ ya bụ naanị oge ya na Sun, ebe ọ na-enweta akara 3.3, 2.3 rebounds, na 0.9 blocks kwa egwuregwu. === Atlanta Dream (2016-2021) === A zụrụ ya na Atlanta Dream maka Oge WNBA nke afọ 2016. N'afọ 2016, mgbe ọ nwesịrị mmụba nke egwuregwu ọ bụla nke 11.9, 8.1 rebounds, na 2.3 blocks, ọ meriri WNBA Most Improved Player Award. ==== Mgbalị ==== Williams duziri mkpọsa basketball iji manye onye nwe otu Atlanta Senator Kelly Loeffler ka ọ gbanwee ihe ọ na-ekwu banyere Black Lives Matter. Williams sokwa na mkpọsa nke ndị egwuregwu Atlanta Dream họpụta onye iro Loeffler, Raphael Warnock, onye meriri na ntuli aka pụrụ iche nke 2020-21 maka onye omeiwu US nke Georgia.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Minutaglio|first=As told to Rose|date=2021-01-04|title=Why We Dedicated the 2020 WNBA Season to #SayHerName|url=https://www.elle.com/culture/career-politics/a33606649/wnba-atlanta-dream-kelly-loeffler-elizabeth-williams/|accessdate=2021-01-18|work=ELLE|language=en-US}}</ref> === Washington Mystics (2022) === N'otu edemede maka The Players' Tribune nke e bipụtara na Febụwarị 4, 2022, Williams kọwapụtara ọnọdụ na ezi uche ya n'azụ mkpebi ya ịbịanye aka na Washington Mystics maka oge WNBA nke asatọ ya.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.theplayerstribune.com/posts/elizabeth-williams-wnba-basketball-washington-mystics-atlanta-dream|title=When Opportunity Knocks, What Do You Choose?|author=Williams|first=Elizabeth|work=[[The Players' Tribune]]|date=4 February 2022|accessdate=3 March 2022}}</ref> === Chicago Sky (2023-dị ugbu a) === Na Febụwarị 3, 2023, Williams bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta afọ abụọ na Chicago Sky.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Chicago Sky Sign Elizabeth Williams|url=https://sky.wnba.com/news/chicago-sky-sign-elizabeth-williams|accessdate=2025-02-04|work=sky.wnba.com|language=en}}</ref> On June 6, 2024, Williams suffered a torn meniscus, which sidelined her for the remainder of the 2024 season.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Hirsh|first=Alissa|date=2024-06-09|title=What Elizabeth Williams' torn meniscus means for the Sky|url=https://www.thenexthoops.com/features/what-elizabeth-williamss-torn-meniscus-means-for-the-chicago-sky/|accessdate=2025-02-04|work=The Next|language=en-US}}</ref> On September 29, 2024, Williams signed a one-year extension with the team.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Chicago Sky Sign Elizabeth Williams to Contract Extension|url=https://sky.wnba.com/news/chicago-sky-sign-elizabeth-williams-to-contract-extension|accessdate=2025-02-04|work=sky.wnba.com|language=en}}</ref> == Ọrụ ya na Europe == === Galatasaray (2025-dị ugbu a) === Na June 19, 2025, ọ bịanyere aka na Galatasaray nke Turkish Women's Basketball Super League (TKBL). <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.galatasaray.org/haber/basketbol/kadin-basketbol/elizabeth-williams-galatasaray-cagdas-faktoringde/57979|title=Elizabeth Williams Galatasaray Çağdaş Faktoring'de!|publisher=Galatasaray S.K.|date=June 19, 2025|accessdate=June 19, 2025}}</ref> == Nsọpụrụ == * 2015 - Ndị otu WBCA All-America * 2015 - WBCA National Defensive Player of the Year<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.goduke.com/ViewArticle.dbml?DB_OEM_ID=4200&ATCLID=210004290|title=Williams Selected WBCA Defensive Player of the Year|work=goduke.com|date=6 April 2015|accessdate=2016-04-08|archivedate=2012-05-31|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120531200731/http://www.goduke.com/ViewArticle.dbml?DB_OEM_ID=4200&ATCLID=210004290}}</ref> * 2010 - MVP USA Basketball FIBA Americas U16 Championship == Ndụ onwe onye == A mụrụ ya n'England n'aka nne na nna Naijiria. Nwanne Williams nke obere, Mak, gbara bọọlụ kọleji na Duke ma Charlotte Hornets họpụtara ya nke iri na ise n'ozuzu ya na 2022 NBA draft. <ref name="borzello">{{Cite news|author=Borzello|first=Jeff|title=Top-5 center Mark Williams announces commitment to Duke|url=https://www.espn.com/college-sports/story/_/id/27983751/top-5-center-mark-williams-announces-commitment-duke|accessdate=June 22, 2020|work=[[ESPN]]|date=November 1, 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2022-06-23|title=Hornets Select Mark Williams With 15th Pick In 2022 NBA Draft|url=https://www.nba.com/hornets/news/hornets-select-mark-williams-with-15th-pick-in-2022-nba-draft|accessdate=2022-06-26|work=www.nba.com|language=en}}</ref> == Ndekọ ọnụ ọgụgụ == {{WNBA player statistics legend}} === WNBA === ==== Oge a na-eme mgbe niile ==== ''Ọnọdụ dị ugbu a ruo na ngwụcha oge 2025''{{WNBA player statistics start|caption=WNBA regular season statistics<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.basketball-reference.com/wnba/players/w/williel01w.html|title=Elizabeth Williams WNBA Stats|website=[[Basketball Reference]]|publisher=[[Sports Reference]]|accessdate=15 August 2022}}</ref>}} |- | style="text-align:left;"| {{wnbay|2015}} | style="text-align:left;"| [[2015 Connecticut Sun season|Connecticut]] | 21 || 0 || 11.7 || .528 || .000 || .560 || 3.2 || 0.4 || 0.3 || 0.9 || '''0.5''' || 3.3 |- | style="text-align:left;"| {{wnbay|2016}} | style="text-align:left;"| [[2016 Atlanta Dream season|Atlanta]] | style="background:#D3D3D3"| 34° || style="background:#D3D3D3"|34° || style="background:#D3D3D3"|'''34.7'''° || .442 || .000 || .692 || '''8.1''' || 1.2 || 0.8 || '''2.3''' || 1.2 || '''11.9''' |- | style="text-align:left;"| {{wnbay|2017}} | style="text-align:left;"| [[2017 Atlanta Dream season|Atlanta]] | 34 || style="background:#D3D3D3"|34° || 31.4 || .485 || .000 || .659 || 7.2 || 1.4 || 1.1 || 2.0 || 1.4 || 10.4 |- | style="text-align:left;"| {{wnbay|2018}} | style="text-align:left;"| [[2018 Atlanta Dream season|Atlanta]] | 33 || 32 || 26.8 || '''.548''' || .000 || .563 || 5.8 || 1.4 || 0.8 || 1.8 || 1.2 || 9.1 |- | style="text-align:left;"| {{wnbay|2019}} | style="text-align:left;"| [[2019 Atlanta Dream season|Atlanta]] | 32 || 32 || 28.4 || .455 || .000 || .732 || 6.5 || 1.2 || 0.8 || 1.7 || 1.3 || 9.3 |- | style="text-align:left;"| {{wnbay|2020}} | style="text-align:left;"| [[2020 Atlanta Dream season|Atlanta]] | style="background:#D3D3D3"| 22° || style="background:#D3D3D3"|22° || 29.2 || .489 || .000 || '''.742''' || 5.7 || 1.4 || 0.8 || 1.4 || 1.1 || 10.1 |- | style="text-align:left;"| {{wnbay|2021}} | style="text-align:left;"| [[2021 Atlanta Dream season|Atlanta]] | style="background:#D3D3D3"| 32° || style="background:#D3D3D3"|32° || 23.8 || .516 || .000 || .509 || 4.9 || 1.2 || 1.1 || 1.3 || 0.8 || 5.8 |- | style="text-align:left;"| {{wnbay|2022}} | style="text-align:left;"| [[2022 Washington Mystics season|Washington]] | 30 || 0 || 14.9 || .482 || .000 || .581 || 3.8 || 0.5 || 0.6 || 0.7 || 0.6 || 5.4 |- | style="text-align:left;"| {{wnbay|2023}} | style="text-align:left;"| [[2023 Chicago Sky season|Chicago]] | style="background:#D3D3D3"|40° || style="background:#D3D3D3"|'''40'''° || 29.7 || .514 || .000 || .630 || 5.8 || '''2.5''' || '''1.3''' || 1.5 || 1.4 || 9.8 |- | style="text-align:left;"| {{wnbay|2024}} | style="text-align:left;"| [[2024 Chicago Sky season|Chicago]] | 9 || 9 || 27.7 || .487 || .000 || .667 || 7.0 || 1.6 || 1.7 || 1.7 || 1.7 || 10.0 |- | style="text-align:left;"| [[2025 WNBA season|2025]] | style="text-align:left;"| [[2025 Chicago Sky season|Chicago]] | '''43''' || 15 || 21.1 || .480 || .000 || .617 || 5.2 || 1.8 || 0.7 || 0.9 || 1.3 || 8.5 |- class="sortbottom" | rowspan=2 style="text-align:left;"| '''Career''' | style="text-align:left;"| 11 years, 4 teams | 330 || 247 || 25.7 || .488 || .000 || .645 || 5.8 || 1.4 || 0.9 || 1.5 || 1.1 || 8.6 |- class="sortbottom" | style="text-align:center;"| All-Star | 1 || 0 || 14.2 || .500 || .000 || .500 || 7.0 || 0.0 || 2.0 || 1.0 || 0.0 || 8.0 {{S-end}} ==== Egwuregwu ==== {{WNBA player statistics start|caption=WNBA playoff statistics}} |- |style="text-align:left;"|[[2016 WNBA Playoffs|2016]] |style="text-align:left;"|[[2016 Atlanta Dream season|Atlanta]] | 2 || 2 || '''38.5''' || .381 || — || '''.778''' || '''12.5''' || 1.5 || 0.5 || '''2.5''' || 0.5 || '''11.5''' |- |style="text-align:left;"|[[2018 WNBA Playoffs|2018]] |style="text-align:left;"|[[2018 Atlanta Dream season|Atlanta]] | '''5''' || '''5''' || 31.4 || .511 || — || .545 || 8.8 || 1.0 || '''0.6''' || 1.2 || 1.0 || 10.8 |- |style="text-align:left;"|[[2022 WNBA Playoffs|2022]] |style="text-align:left;"|[[2022 Washington Mystics season|Washington]] | 2 || 0 ||| 5.5 || '''1.000''' || — || .250 || 1.0 || 0.0 || 0.0 || 0.5 || '''0.0''' || 2.5 |- | style="text-align:left;"| [[2023 WNBA Playoffs|2023]] | style="text-align:left;"| [[2023 Chicago Sky season|Chicago]] | 2 || 2 || 33.0 || .286 || — || .000 || 10.0 || '''3.0''' || 0.5 || 2.0 || 1.5 || 4.0 |- |style="text-align:left;"| '''Career''' |style="text-align:left;"| 4 years, 3 teams | 11 || 9 || 28.3 || .452 || — || .560 || 8.3 || 1.3 || 0.5 || 1.5 || 0.8 || 8.2 |} === Kọleji === {{WNBA player statistics start|caption=NCAA statistics<ref name="NCAA Player stats"/>}} |- | style="text-align:left;"|[[2011–12 NCAA Division I women's basketball season|2011–12]] | style="text-align:left;"|[[2011–12 Duke Blue Devils women's basketball team|Duke]] | 33 || 33 || 30.5 || .486 || '''.500''' || .607 || 7.8 || 1.6 || '''1.5''' || '''3.5''' || 3.1 || 14.0 |- | style="text-align:left;"|[[2012–13 NCAA Division I women's basketball season|2012–13]] | style="text-align:left;"|[[2012–13 Duke Blue Devils women's basketball team|Duke]] | '''36''' || 32 || 29.5 || .508 || .000 || '''.695'''|| 7.3 || 1.3 || 1.1 || 3.0 || '''2.2''' || '''15.2''' |- | style="text-align:left;"|[[2013–14 NCAA Division I women's basketball season|2013–14]] | style="text-align:left;"|[[2013–14 Duke Blue Devils women's basketball team|Duke]] | 35 || '''34''' || 30.5 || '''.526''' || — || .563 ||7.6 || 2.2 || 1.3 || 3.1 || 2.3 || 13.8 |- | style="text-align:left;"|[[2014–15 NCAA Division I women's basketball season|2014–15]] | style="text-align:left;"|[[2014–15 Duke Blue Devils women's basketball team|Duke]] | 32 || 31 || '''32.0''' || .488 || — || .599 || '''9.0''' || '''2.5''' || '''1.5''' || 3.0 || 2.9 || 14.5 |- |colspan=2 style="text-align:center;"| '''Career''' || 136 || 130 || 30.6 || .502 || .333 || .619 || 7.9 || 1.9 || 1.4 || 3.1 || 2.6 || 14.4 |} == Edensibịa == {{Reflist|refs=<ref name="NCAA Player stats">{{cite web|title=Women's Basketball Player stats|url=http://web1.ncaa.org/stats/StatsSrv/careersearch|website=NCAA|access-date=23 Sep 2015}}</ref> <ref name="USA U16">{{cite web|title= First FIBA Americas U16 Championship For Women -2009|url= http://www.usab.com/history/u16-womens/first-fiba-americas-u16-championship-for-women-2009.aspx|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20150727011455/http://www.usab.com/history/u16-womens/first-fiba-americas-u16-championship-for-women-2009.aspx|url-status= dead|archive-date= July 27, 2015|access-date=21 April 2015}}</ref> <ref name="USA U17">{{cite web|title=2010 FIBA U17 World Championship for Women|url=http://www.usab.com/history/u17-womens/2010-fiba-u17-world-championship-for-women.aspx|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907181833/http://www.usab.com/history/u17-womens/2010-fiba-u17-world-championship-for-women.aspx|url-status=dead|archive-date=September 7, 2015|publisher=USA Basketball|access-date=21 April 2015}}</ref> <ref name=U19>{{cite web|title=USA U19 Women Sprint To 69-46 Victory Over Spain, Earn 2011 FIBA U19 World Championship|url=http://www.usab.com/history/u19-womens/ninth-fiba-u19-world-championship-2011.aspx|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150727011506/http://www.usab.com/history/u19-womens/ninth-fiba-u19-world-championship-2011.aspx|url-status=dead|archive-date=July 27, 2015|publisher=USA Basketball|location=Puerto Montt, Chile|date=July 31, 2011|access-date=21 April 2015}}</ref>}} == Njikọ mpụga == *   {{Galatasaray S.K. women's basketball team current roster}}{{Chicago Sky current roster}}{{navboxes|list={{2015 WNBA draft}} {{WNBA Most Improved Player Award}} {{USBWA National Freshman of the Year}} {{WBCA Defensive Player of the Year}} {{Kim Perrot Sportsmanship Award}} {{Fenerbahçe SK 2022–23 Euroleague Women champions}} {{McDonald's All-American Game Girls MVP}}}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Williams, Elizabeth}} [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Otú:Pages with unreviewed translations]] qu2gxtn92r498kiudrc1iuuflilw3e9 0 72977 644038 596502 2026-05-30T14:10:25Z Iwuala chisom 17246 Fixed reference errors 644038 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Asụsụ Munda]], nke a na-asụkarị n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ na etiti India (dịka, Santali, [[Asụsụ Mundari|Mundari]], Ho, Kharia, [[Asụsụ Sora|Sora]]), bụ akụkụ nke ezinụlọ Austroasiatic, nke gụnyekwara Khmer Ndị Vietnamese a na-ekwu na Ndịda Ọwụwa Anyanwụ Eshia. Otú ọ dị, asụsụ Munda yana onye bu ha ụzọ proto-Munda na-egosi ọdịiche dị ukwuu site na ndị ikwu ha na ndịda ọwụwa anyanwụ Eshia, ọkachasị na phonology, morphology, na ndepụta okwu, ma eleghị anya n'ihi mkpakọrịta asụsụ dị ogologo n'ime mpaghara asụsụ South Asia.<ref>{{Cite book|author=Sidwell|first=Paul|chapter=Austroasiatic Comparative-Historical Reconstruction: An Overview|pages=221–363|editor=Jenny|title=The Handbook of Austroasiatic Languages|location=Leiden|publisher=Brill|year=2014|isbn=978-90-04-28295-7}}</ref> Ọ bụ ezie na njikọta mpaghara n'ihi mmetụta sitere na asụsụ Dravidian na Indo-Aryan na-ahụ anya nke ukwuu ma ọ bụghị okwu arụmụka, asụsụ Munda na proto-Munda nwere ụfọdụ atụmatụ ọdịdị pụrụ iche na mgbọrọgwụ okwu nke a na-apụghị ịkọwa na Austroasiatic, Indo-Arjan, na Dravidian. Ndị ọkà mmụta kwenyere na ha bụbu asụsụ ma ọ bụ otu asụsụ a na-asụ na South Asia tupu Munda, Indo-Aryan, na Dravidian.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Rau, Felix|title=The Munda Maritime Hypothesis|date=2019|issn=1836-6821|journal=Journal of the Southeast Asian Linguistics Society|volume=12|issue=2}}</ref>Ụfọdụ ndị ọkà mmụta asụsụ na-atụ aro na asụsụ Munda nwere ike ịbụ nke 'ụdị' nke mpaghara mpaghara ndịda Eshia nke dị iche na mpaghara asụsụ Indo-Aryan-Dravidian bụ isi. . == Ihe akaebe == Ọtụtụ ndị ọkà mmụta asụsụ anọwo na-arụ ọrụ n'ịrụgharị asụsụ proto-Munda ruo ọtụtụ iri afọ, dịka Pinnow (1959), Zide & Zide (1976), Anderson & Zide (2001), Donegan & Stampe, na Sidwell & Rau (2015, 2019) niile na-egosi na asụsụ Munda bụ nke na-adịghị ahụkebe ma dị iche na nke ochie, site na asụsụ proto-Austroasiatic nke nna nna ha. N'akwụkwọ ha bụ́ The Munda Maritime Hypothesis, Sidwell & Rau (2019) na-ekwu na mgbe ha rutere na mpaghara Mahanadi River Delta nke steeti Odisha na West Bengal nke oge a ihe dị ka 2,000 ruo 1,500 BC, ebo proto-Munda nwere ike izute ndị bi na South Asia bi na ha na-asụ asụsụ dị iche. Ndị bi n'ógbè ahụ nakweere okwu na akwụkwọ ọkọwa okwu nke ndị si Austroasia bịa ọhụrụ, ebe ha jigidere ụfọdụ akara ụda olu na okwu okwu ha, nke mere ka e nwee nhazigharị n'ọtụtụ dị mkpa, gụnyere ọtụtụ ihe dị mkpa Munda ketara site na proto-Austroasiatic. Ihe akaebe kachasị kwenye maka arụmụka Sidwell & Rau sitere na phonology na akwụkwọ ọkọwa okwu nke proto-Munda.. <ref name=":3">{{Cite web|date=2019|title=The Munda Maritime Hypothesis. Paper presented at the 8th International Conference on Austroasiatic Linguistics in Chiang Mai, August 29-31, 2019|url=https://zenodo.org/records/3365316/files/RauSidwell2019_MMH-ICAAL8.pdf?download=1|publisher=University of Hawaiʻi Press|doi=10.5281/zenodo.3365316}}</ref> === Ihe akaebe nke ụdị === {| class="wikitable" !Ihe Ndị a na-ahụkarị !Ebe Ọdịdị nke Austria !Proto-Munda !pre-Munda Ebe Ọwụwa Anyanwụ India |- |Mkpụrụ okwu |24 |21 |~ ihe na-erughị 21 |- |Mkpụrụedemede ndị dị mkpa |9 |6 |Ọ bụ mmadụ ole na ole |- |Mkpịsị aka |Ntinye aha na Infixing |Ntinye aha, Infixing, suffixing |Nanị nsonaazụ |- |Ụkpụrụ okwu |*C (CC) V (C) |*CV (C) |*CVC |- |Ìgwè ndị mbụ |Ee, ọtụtụ |Mba, mana ọ pụtara ọzọ na Gtaʔ na Remo |Mba |- |Mgbọrọgwụ |Monosyllabic na disyllabic iambs |Mono- ma ọ bụ disyllabic nwere mgbochi bimoraic na usoro L-H |Polysyllabic nke a na-amaghị ama |- |Ntinye aha |Ee |Ee |? |- |Nchịkọta okwu |Isi mmalite |Mgbanwe |Isi nke ikpeazụ |} === Ihe akaebe nke okwu === Nrụzigharị nke ọrụ ugbo proto-Munda site na Zide & Zide (1976) gosipụtara na e wezụga etymas Austroasiatic maka osikapa, ọka, na ngwaọrụ ugbo ole na ole, ndị na-asụ asụsụ proto-Monda doro anya na-agbaziri okwu ndị ọzọ n'ọtụtụ ihe ọụkụ / anụmanụ nke South Asia nke na-enweghị isi mmalite Indo-Aryan / Dravidian / Nihali / Kusunda / Burushaski ruo ugbu a. {| class="wikitable" |+Okwu ugbo na anụmanụ nke Proto-Munda !Ebe Ọdịdị nke Austria !substratum a na-amaghị ama |- | * *ruŋkub 'osikapa a na-esighị esi' (Oryza sativa sp. japonica) * * (R) -ba (ʔ) 'ọhịa ahịhịa" * *səro (ː) ʔ 'osikapa" * * (h) oXy/*ə-rińk 'foxtail millet" (Setaria italica) * *guXm 'ịgba ọsọ' * *ɟer 'ịgba mmanya' * *Vnrɨj'/*VnreXj' 'ọrịa' * *si (X) m 'nkịta ọkụkọ' * *gəle 'ntị nke paddy' * *me (ʔ) 'nwa ewu' | * *saXʔl 'ọnwụ' * *gaŋ (-) '[[Sorghum bicolor|sorghum]]' nwoke na nwoke * *ə-rig' 'obere ọka" (Panicum miliare) * *deray 'ragi' (Eleusine coracana) * *kodaXj 'horsegram' (Macrotyloma uniflorum) * *rVm 'gram ojii' (Vigna mungo) * *uXli/uXla 'mango" (Mangifera indica) * *kaj'-er/*kag'-er 'mango na-amaghị nke a na-akọ" * *taŋ 'nwa ehi' * *boŋtel 'anụ ọhịa bea' * Blackberry nke India * turmeric * tamarind * ụbọchị ọhịa |} === Ihe akaebe sitere n'asụsụ ndị ọzọ: Kurmali === [[Asụsụ Kurmali|Kurmali]], asụsụ Indo-Aryan [[Asụsụ Sadanic|Sadani]] nke ndị Kurmi & Kudmi Mahato na-asụkarị na Jharkhand na Santali na ndị ọzọ Munda lects. Ọ bụ ezie na asụsụ ahụ bụ Indo-Aryan ugbu a, ọ na-egosipụta ụfọdụ ihe pụrụ iche dị ka ihe okwu, akara ụtọ asụsụ na Ụdị ndị na-adịghị na Indo-Arya ma ọ bụ Dravidian, ma ọ bụ ọbụna n'[[Asụsụ Munda]].<ref name="uWu"/>Paudyal & Peterson (2021) na-egosi na Santali emetụtala Kurmali, mana ọtụtụ n'ime okwu ndị Kurmali a na-ahụkarị yiri ka ha abụghị ndị Indo-Aryan ma o doro anya na ha abụghị ndị Munda ma ọ bụ Dravidian. E depụtara ụfọdụ n'ime ha na akwụkwọ ahụ: * ankhai 'dị ukwuu' * 'Nnyocha' * N'ihi ya, ndị mmadụ 'na-eche' * ɖula 'cut (esp. osisi) " * 'ịchị ọchị' * gucek 'meghere' * jalaĩ 'maka' * 'Iri' * sakar 'ikuku uzuzu' * Saịg "ụra" * 'Dị" * "Ịchere" * thanau- 'ịhụ' * usas 'dị mfe' Paudyal & Peterson (2021) na-ekwu na "Ọ bụ ezie na Kurmali bụ n'ezie asụsụ Indo-Aryan, agbụrụ ndị Kurmi bụ ugbu a okwu arụmụka siri ike...[]...n'oge ọchịchị nke East India Company (ma ọ bụ 'British Raj'), a na-ekewapụta ndị Kurmi ma depụta ha dị ka agbụrụ (adivasi). Otú ọ dị, naanị afọ ole na ole mgbe nnwere onwe gasịrị, e wepụrụ ha na ndepụta nke agbụrụ ndị ọzọ ma tinye ha n' n'asụsụ ndị ọzọ Kurmi: ndị ọzọ nwere ike ịbụ ndị India-Aryan na-Agh) "Aghest-Mideni"<ref name="uWu">{{Cite journal|author=Paudyal|first=Netra P.|date=1 September 2020|title=How one language became four: the impact of different contact-scenarios between "Sadani" and the tribal languages of Jharkhand|journal=Journal of South Asian Languages and Linguistics|language=en|volume=7|issue=2|pages=347|doi=10.1515/jsall-2021-2028|issn=2196-078X}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFPaudyalPeterson2020">Paudyal, Netra P.; Peterson, John (1 September 2020). [[doi:10.1515/jsall-2021-2028|"How one language became four: the impact of different contact-scenarios between "Sadani" and the tribal languages of Jharkhand"]]. ''Journal of South Asian Languages and Linguistics''. '''7''' (2): 347. [[Digital object identifier|doi]]:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible">[[doi:10.1515/jsall-2021-2028|10.1515/jsall-2021-2028]]</span>. [[ISSN (identifier)|ISSN]]&nbsp;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2196-078X 2196-078X]. [[S2CID (identifier)|S2CID]]&nbsp;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:233732014 233732014].</cite></ref><ref name="uWu" /> == Asụsụ X == A tụwo aro asụsụ a na-amaghị ama ma ọ bụ otu asụsụ ndị nwere ike ịsụ na South Asia tupu mbata Indo-Aryan. Colin Masica enweghị ike ịchọta etymologies sitere na Indo-European ma ọ bụ Dravidian ma ọ bụ Munda ma ọ bụ dị ka mgbazinye ego site na Persian maka pasent 31 nke okwu ugbo na osisi nke Hindi. Ọ tụrụ aro mmalite n'asụsụ a na-amaghị ama "X".<ref>{{Cite book|first=Colin|author=Masica|chapter=Aryan and non-Aryan elements in North Indian agriculture|editor=Deshpande|title=Aryan and non-Aryan in India|location=Ann Arbour|publisher=Univ. of Michigan, Centre for South and Southeast Asian Studies|date=1979|pages=55–152}}</ref> Southworth kwukwara na okwu osisi ahụ esighị na Dravidian ma ọ bụ Munda. Southworth chọtara naanị okwu ise nke ya na Munda kerịtara, na-eduga na aro ya na "ọnụnọ nke agbụrụ ndị ọzọ, na-asụ asụsụ ndị ọzọ, ga-ewere maka oge ahụ".<ref>{{Cite book|first=Franklyn|author=Southworth|chapter=Lexical evidence for early contacts between Indo-Aryan and Dravidian|editor=Deshpande|title=Aryan and non-Aryan in India|location=Ann Arbour|publisher=Univ. of Michigan, Centre for South and Southeast Asian Studies|date=1979}}</ref> == Hụkwa == * Ndị Nna Ochie South India (AASI) * Ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị bi na India * David Reich * Franklin Southworth * Asụsụ Harappan == Edensibia == {{Reflist|30em}} 108io3ix4onyyac4gau8j73lm7cw1tx 0 73126 644391 596842 2026-05-30T22:35:17Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 644391 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox album | name = 19 & Dangerous | type = studio | artist = [[Ayra Starr]] | cover = 19 & Dangerous.png | border = yes | alt = | released = August 6, 2021<br>October 21, 2022 <small>(Deluxe)</small> | recorded = 2020–2021 | studio = Mavin Studios | genre = *[[Afropop]] *[[Contemporary R&B|R&B]] *[[trap music|trap]] *[[alté]] | length = {{duration|m=33|s=14}} | label = [[Mavin Records|Mavin]] | producer = *[[Louddaaa]] *London *[[Don Jazzy]] *Andre Vibez | prev_title = [[Ayra Starr (EP)|Ayra Starr]] | prev_year = 2021 | next_title = [[The Year I Turned 21]] | next_year = 2024 | misc = {{Singles | name = 19 & Dangerous | type = studio | single1 = [[Bloody Samaritan]] | single1date = July 30, 2021 }} }} 19 & Dangerous bụ abọm mbụ nke onye na-abụ abụ na onye na-ede abụ Naịjirịa bụ Ayra Starr dere. Mavin Records na Platoon wepụtara ya na 6 Ọgọst 2021, ihe na-erughị ọnwa asaa ka onye na-abụ abụ ahụ malitere EP nke aha ya pụtara n'onwe ya.<ref>{{Cite web|title=LISTEN/STREAM: Ayra Starr - 19 & Dangerous [ALBUM]|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/music/listenstream-ayra-starr-19-and-dangerous-album/y68lbqy|work=Pulse Nigeria|accessdate=7 August 2021|language=en|date=6 August 2021}}</ref> 19 & Dangerous bụ abọm echiche na-esote nwa agbọghọ Gen Z na-agafe site n'oge uto gaa n'oge okenye na obi ike na-eto eto, ịnụ ọkụ n'obi nka, mmetụta na ọmịiko. <ref name="Pulse NG" /> Ayra Starr so ndị na-emepụta ihe na London, Andre Vibez, Louddaaa na Don Jazzy rụọ ọrụ, abụọ ikpeazụ n'ime ha nyekwara aka na mmepụta na ndekọ mbụ ya. Na mgbakwunye na ịgakwuru ndị mmekọ egwu ya, ya na ọtụtụ ndị edemede na ndị na-ese ihe ọhụrụ gụnyere Fousheé na [[CKay]] rụkọkwara ọrụ.<ref name="BellaNaija">{{Cite web|title=Ayra Starr's Debut Album "19 & Dangerous" is Finally Here {{!}} Listen|url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2021/08/ayra-starr-19-dangerous/|work=BellaNaija|accessdate=6 August 2021|date=6 August 2021}}</ref> 19 & Dangerous bụ isi ihe nkiri afropop, R&B, trap na alté album nke gụnyere mmetụta sitere na ụdị egwu dịka neo-soul, jazz, na EDM. N'okwu egwu, ọ na-agba gburugburu isiokwu ndị metụtara ịhụnanya, dịka ịhụnanya a na-anaghị akwụghachi ụgwọ, nsogbu nkewa ịhụnanya, aghụghọ na obi mgbawa yana isiokwu ndị ọzọ nkeonwe dịka mkpebi onwe onye na ùgwù onwe onye.<ref name="Pulse NG">{{Cite news|author=Alake|first=Motolani|title=REVIEW: Ayra Starr - 19 and Dangerous [ALBUM]|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/music/review-ayra-starr-19-and-dangerous-album/exr1kn9|accessdate=17 August 2021|work=Pulse Nigeria|date=8 August 2021|language=en}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFAlake2021">Alake, Motolani (8 August 2021). [https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/music/review-ayra-starr-19-and-dangerous-album/exr1kn9 "REVIEW: Ayra Starr - 19 and Dangerous &#x5B;ALBUM&#x5D;"]. ''Pulse Nigeria''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 August</span> 2021</span>.</cite></ref> Abọm a nwetara nzaghachi dị mma n'aka ndị na-akwado ya na ndị na-akatọ egwu. Otu egwu ya bụ "Bloody Samaritan", nọ n'elu TurnTable Top 50 nke Naịjirịa, nke mere ka Ayra Starr bụrụ nwanyị mbụ na-ese egwu n'akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ruru nke mbụ na egwu naanị ya. N'ime ọnwa abụọ mbụ nke mwepụta abọm ahụ, ihe karịrị nde iri atọ na-agbasa na nyiwe niile.<ref name="PulseNG">{{Cite news|author=Alake|first=Motolani|title=Here are the top 10 Nigerian songs of the week: Ayra Starr's 'Bloody Samaritan' rises to No. 1|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/music/here-are-the-top-10-nigerian-songs-of-the-week-ayra-starrs-bloody-samaritan-rises-to/4hqkk75|accessdate=27 September 2021|work=Pulse Nigeria|date=27 September 2021|language=en}}</ref><ref name="TurnTable">{{Cite web|title=Turntable Charts|url=https://www.turntablecharts.com/Charts/Top50|work=Turntable Charts|accessdate=13 August 2021|language=en|archivedate=22 July 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230722160706/https://www.turntablecharts.com/Charts/Top50}}</ref> == Ihe ndị mere n'oge gara aga == Na 2020, Ayra Starr bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta ndekọ na Mavin Records, wee malite idekọ ihe maka ọrụ mbụ ya. N'afọ sochirinụ, o wepụtara EP mbụ ya nke ghọrọ ihe ịga nke ọma n'ahịa ma mee ka ọ dị mfe maka ọrụ ya na-esote. N'ime izu nke 11 Julaị 2021, ọ kwupụtara atụmatụ iwepụta [[Album|Abọm studio]] mbụ ya. N'abalị iri na itoolu n'ọnwa Julaị, o biputara ihe ngosi maka abọm ọhụrụ ahụ na mgbasa ozi mmekọrịta, na-ekpughe aha ya dị ka 19 & Dangerous na ụbọchị ntọhapụ ya ka ọ bụrụ 6 Ọgọst. Ayra Starr kọwara etu abọm ahụ si nweta aha ya n'ajụjụ ọnụ ya na NotJustOk, o kwuru, sị: "Achọghị m ka ọ bụrụ 20 & Dangerous, achọrọ m 19 & Dangerous ma mara mgbe niile maka afọ abụọ gara aga. Amaara m ọbụna tupu Mavin na maka abọm mbụ m, achọrọla m ịtọhapụ ya mgbe ọ dị afọ 19 ma kpọọ ya 19 & Dangeral. "Ọ chọkwara na ọ họọrọ okwu ahụ "Dangerous" iji gosipụta etu ọ dị njikere ọrụ na ebumnuche.<ref name="NJO">{{Cite web|author=Oyetayo|first=Bamise|title=Ayra Starr is the Aptly Named 19 & Dangerous Singer with A Melodic Message for Every Ear|url=https://notjustok.com/article/interviews/ayra-starr-19-dangerous/|work=NotJustOk|date=6 August 2021|accessdate=17 August 2021}}</ref> A tọhapụrụ egwu sitere na 19 & Dangerous, "Bloody Samaritan", na 30 Julaị 2021, ụbọchị abụọ mgbe emesịrị ya na BBC Radio 1Xtra. N'ụbọchị nke anọ n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ 2021, ''Ayra Starr'' kpughere ihe osise na ndepụta egwu nke abọm ahụ n'akụkụ iwu ya. N'abalị isii n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ, n'oge na-adịghị anya mgbe a tọhapụrụ abọm ahụ, a gbanwere aha egwu nke isii site na "Underwater" gaa na "In Between" na ụlọ ahịa anụ ahụ na dijitalụ n'ụwa niile. Ayra Starr gwara Vincent Desmond nke OkayAfrica na abọm ahụ bụ "ozi", na-agbakwụnye "Achọrọ m ka ndị mmadụ mara na atụghị m egwu, adị m njikere, adị m mma maka nke a. Anọ m na-akwadebe maka nke a ndụ m niile. Ayra Starra EP, ọrụ mbụ m, dị ka mmeghe Ayra, ọ bụ mmalite. Abọm a bụ isi nke mbụ" <ref>{{Cite web|title=Ayra Starr Is Ready For This|url=https://www.okayafrica.com/ayra-starr-19-dangerous-interview/|work=OkayAfrica|accessdate=9 August 2021|language=en|date=6 August 2021}}</ref> == Ihe ndị mejupụtara ya ==   N'okwu mmeghe ya "Cast (Gen Z Anthem) ", abụ mmegide. 'Ọ bụrụ na m na-eme ihe, mee ka m na-etinye ihe' ọ na-abụ abụ na Nigerian pidgin. Oris Aigbokhaevbolo nke Music In Africa kwuru na enwere ike ịgụ abụ ahụ dị ka ịdọ aka ná ntị banyere egwu mmeghe: Ọ bụrụ na abọm ahụ, mee ka e mee, emeela m ihe m. N'ụzọ dị mma, abọm ahụ enweghị ndị na-eme ihe nkiri.<ref name="Music In Africa" /> Na "Fashion killer", ọ na-egosipụta ịdị mma nke nwanyị na anwansi nwa agbọghọ ojii, ka Israel Olorunnisola nke Pulse Nigeria na-ekwu.<ref name="Pulse Nigeria" />. Na "Lonely", anyị na-ahụ na Ayra Star bụ ezigbo mmadụ. Mgbe ọ nwụsịrị n'ihi ọdịdị aghụghọ nke agụụ mmekọahụ, mmetụta na-ere ọkụ nke ịhụnanya na-eto eto na-abịa, adịghị ike na enweghị ihe ọ bụla ọ na-enyocha n'akụkụ ndagwurugwu na-amị amị nke obi mgbawa.<ref name="Pulse Nigeria" /> N'ime "Toxic", nnwale ọgwụ iji jikwaa ịda mbà n'obi, nchekasị, nrụgide ndị ọgbọ, obi mgbawa, na ọtụtụ mmetụta uche ndị ntorobịa na-enwe ka akọwara n'olu na-akpali iche echiche. O kwuru okwu J. Cole site n'aka ndị enyi ya 'Meditate don't Medicate<nowiki>''</nowiki>. <ref name="Pulse Nigeria">{{Cite web|title=Ayra Star is unapologetic of her talent in debut album '19 & Dangerous'|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/music/ayra-star-is-unapologetic-of-her-talent-in-debut-album-19-and-dangerous/3gzl0et|work=Pulse Nigeria|accessdate=7 August 2021|language=en|date=6 August 2021}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/music/ayra-star-is-unapologetic-of-her-talent-in-debut-album-19-and-dangerous/3gzl0et "Ayra Star is unapologetic of her talent in debut album '19 & Dangerous'"]. ''Pulse Nigeria''. 6 August 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 August</span> 2021</span>.</cite></ref> Egwú Alté "Beggie Beggie" gosipụtara olu sitere na CKay, na ntinye ụda ya na egwu isiokwu nke afọ 90. Ka ha abụọ na-aga n'ihu ma na-apụ n'elu obi ụtọ nke ịhụnanya na-eto eto n'ụwa nke oge a, <ref name="Pulse Nigeria" /> Na "Bridgertn", Ayra na-egosipụta ụfọdụ klas. ma mechie ndekọ LP nke nkeji iri atọ na atọ na ọchịchọ kachasị mma n'elu onwe ya na ndị na-ege ntị na album outro "Amin".<ref name="Pulse Nigeria" /><ref name="Pulse Nigeria" /> == Singles na mbipụta ndị ọzọ == A tọhapụrụ "Bloody Samaritan" dị ka egwu egwu nke abọm ahụ na Julaị 30, 2021. <ref>{{Cite web|title=New Music: Ayra Starr – Bloody Samaritan|url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2021/07/ayra-starr-good-samaritan/|work=BellaNaija|accessdate=6 August 2021|date=30 July 2021}}</ref> == Mmeghachi omume == {{Music ratings|align=right|rev1=NME|rev1Score={{rating|4|5}}|rev2=Pulse Nigeria|rev2Score=7.9/10}}19 & Dangerous nwetara nyocha dị mma n'ozuzu site n'aka Ndị na-akatọ egwu. N'ime nyocha maka New Musical Express, Sophie Williams kọwara abọm ahụ dị ka "nchịkọta nke obi ike, na nkume afropop na-akpali akpali".<ref>{{Cite web|title=Ayra Starr – '19 & Dangerous' review: punchy afropop full of character|url=https://www.nme.com/reviews/album/ayra-starr-19-dangerous-review-punchy-afro-pop-thats-full-of-character-radar-3011008|work=NME|accessdate=6 August 2021|date=5 August 2021}}</ref> Onye edemede maka Pulse Nigeria, kọwara abọm ahụ "N'ụzọ ụfọdụ, '19 na Dangerous' dị ka nwa ịhụnanya nke Adele's '19' na Rihanna's Good Girl Gone Bad, nke ndị na-ere ọkụ, ndị na-enweghị nchegbu, ndị na'enweghị nchegbu na-akpata-abụ ndị a mara ikpe nke 'Cast', onye na-emeghe abọm - ma ọ bụ nkwupụta. N'ụzọ na-adọrọ mmasị, Rihanna dị afọ 19 mgbe a tọhapụrụ abọm na Ayra Starr bụ onye na-ebu kaadị nke ndị agha mmiri Rihanna.<ref name="Pulse NG" /> Ntinye aha abọm 7.9/10.<ref name="Pulse NG"/> N'ịtụleghachi maka Music in Africa, onye nta akụkọ egwu Oris Aigbokhaevbolo toro Ayra n'okwu ya "19 & Dangerous bụ nchịkọta egwu dị egwu", n'agbanyeghị na e jiri ya tụnyere egwu ya na-aga n'ihu, Oris na-ekwu "Na nkeji 33 na egwu 11, 19 & Dangerous dị iche na EP anọ. Ọ na-agbasawanye ma na-enye Ayra Starr ohere ime karịa".<ref name="Music In Africa">{{Cite web|title=19 and Dangerous: Ayra Starr unifies alté and mainstream Afrobeats|url=https://www.musicinafrica.net/magazine/19-and-dangerous-ayra-starr-unifies-alte-and-mainstream-afrobeats|work=Music In Africa|accessdate=7 August 2021|language=en|date=7 August 2021}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.musicinafrica.net/magazine/19-and-dangerous-ayra-starr-unifies-alte-and-mainstream-afrobeats "19 and Dangerous: Ayra Starr unifies alté and mainstream Afrobeats"]. ''Music In Africa''. 7 August 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 August</span> 2021</span>.</cite></ref> Iyke Bede nke ''[[This Day|Ụbọchị A]]'' jara mmepụta nke abọm ahụ mma, ihe mejupụtara ya na isiokwu ya, na-akpọ ya "ihe izizi dị egwu". Ọ gara n'ihu kọwaa abọm ahụ dị ka "akụkọ a kọrọ nke ọma" nke "onye Gen Z (ma ọ bụ onye ọ bụla nọ na nke ahụ) ga-akọwa site na iji okwu, "issa bop maka m".<ref>{{Cite news|author=Bede|first=Iyke|title=A Starr is Born on '19 and Dangerous'|url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2021/08/20/a-starr-is-born-on-19-and-dangerous/|accessdate=6 October 2021|date=20 August 2021|work=[[This Day]]}}</ref> === Ndepụta ngwụcha afọ === {| class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders" style="border:none; margin:0;" |+Họrọ ọkwa ngwụcha afọ nke Platinumb Heart''Obi Platinumb'' ! scope="col" |Nkatọ / Mbipụta ! class="unsortable" scope="col" |Ndepụta ! data-sort-type="number" scope="col" |Ọnọdụ ! class="unsortable" scope="col" |Ref. |- ! scope="row" |Egwú Pan-Africa |Abọm iri ise kachasị mma nke 2021 |{{Center|22}} |{{Center|<ref>{{cite web|title=The 50 best albums of 2021|url=https://pan-african-music.com/en/the-50-best-albums-of-2021/| publisher=Pan-African Music| first= Claude |last= Joyeux |access-date=2024-06-11}}</ref>}} |} == Ndepụta egwu ==   == Ndepụta egwu Deluxe ==   == Ndị ọrụ == * [[Ayra Starr|Oyinkansola Sarah Aderibigbe]] - olu, ederede egwu * Louddaaa - onye na-emepụta ihe, mmepụta (ụda 1, 3, 6, 7, 11) (tracks 1, 3, 6, 7, 11) * Don Jazzy - mmepụta (ụda 5, 8) (tracks 5, 8) * [[LONDON|London]] - mmepụta (ụda 2, 4, 9) (tracks 2, 4, 9) * Andre Vibez - mmepụta (ụda 10) (tracks 10) * [[Johnny Drille]] - mixing, mastering (egwu niile) (all tracks) * Richie Igunma - eserese == Chaatị == {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center" |+Chart arụmọrụ maka 19 & Dangerous''19 & Ihe Dị Iche Iche'' ! scope="col" |Chart (2022) ! scope="col" |Ebe kachasị elu<br /> |- ! scope="row" |[./&#x3C;i&#x20;id=]TurnTable_Top_50" id="mw5A" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="TurnTable Top 50">Albums Naijiria (TurnTable) <ref>{{Cite web|title=Nigeria Top 50 Albums|url=https://www.turntablecharts.com/charts/2|work=TurnTable|accessdate=9 November 2022}}</ref> |7 |} == Akụkọ banyere ntọhapụ == == Edemsibia == {{Reflist}} [[Otú:Pages with unreviewed translations]] t1nsskqb9y872241wdamahiqk3hbyxw 0 73142 644133 596861 2026-05-30T17:31:51Z Chigozirim2005 19722 Fixed reference error 644133 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Sharon Morgan''' (amụrụ na 29 Ọgọst 1949) bụ onye Welsh na-eme ihe nkiri n'ihe yana na tiivii, nke bi na Cardiff ugbu a. A zụlitere ya n'obodo nta Llandyfaelog . <ref name="Mirren">{{Cite web|url=http://www.dailypost.co.uk/leisure/tv-wales/programme-news/2010/02/13/sharon-morgan-takes-inspiration-from-helen-mirren-55578-25821344/|title=Sharon Morgan takes inspiration from Helen Mirren|publisher=Daily Post North Wales|date=13 February 2011|accessdate=8 September 2011|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120929035808/http://www.dailypost.co.uk/leisure/tv-wales/programme-news/2010/02/13/sharon-morgan-takes-inspiration-from-helen-mirren-55578-25821344/|archivedate=29 September 2012}}</ref> A maara ya nke ọma maka ọrụ ya n'ụlọ ọrụ ihe nkiri na telivishọn Welsh ma bụrụ onye natara ihe nrite BAFTA Cymru atọ. == Ndụ onwe onye == Morgan tolitere na Glanamman, Carmarthenshire, nwa nwanyị nke onye isi ụlọ akwụkwọ praịmarị na onye nkuzi ihe nkiri. N'oge ọ bụ nwata, o kwetaghị na ọ nwere ike ịme nke ọma dị ka onye na-eme ihe nkiri, mana o kwuru na ndị mụrụ ya na-akwado nhọrọ ọrụ ya mgbe niile. Dị ka nkwado nye ọrụ ime ihe nkiri ọ chọrọ, Morgan gụrụ akwụkwọ n'isi ọmụmụ akụkọ ihe mere eme na Mahadum Cardiff n'afọ ndị 1960, tupu o nweta ọzụzụ ịbụ onye na-eme ihe nkiri. Morgan nwere ụmụ abụọ, Stephan (amụrụ n'afọ 1979/1980) na Saran (amụrụ na 1995/1996) ma jiri akụkụ ka ukwuu nke ọrụ ime ihe nkiri ya na-arụ ọrụ ya ma na-ebikwa ndụ ya dị ka nne na nna naanị ya bụ nye ụmụ ya. N'ikwu okwu banyere nguzozi ụlọ / ọrụ ya siri ike, Morgan na-akọwapụta na "Ị na-achịkwa site n'enyemaka nke ndị enyi. Ị ga-achọta ụzọ". Onye na-eme mkpọsa maka Asụsụ Welsh, e jichiri Morgan na 1988 maka ịde ágbá n'ọfis Welsh Onye na-eme ihe nkiri ahụ tụrụ egwu na ikpe mpụ a nwere ike igbochi ya inweta Visa mba US iji mee ihe nkiri Torchwood na Los Angeles.<ref name="WestMailMorgan">{{Cite web|url=http://www.walesonline.co.uk/showbiz-and-lifestyle/showbiz/2011/07/15/torchwood-actress-sharon-morgan-on-life-in-hollywood-91466-29055514/|title=Torchwood actress Sharon Morgan on life in Hollywood|work=Western Mail|author=Wightwick|first=Abbie|date=15 July 2011|accessdate=15 July 2011}}</ref> Morgan na-asụ asụsụ atọ, na-asụ Welsh - asụsụ amaala ya - Bekee na French.<ref name="Spotlight profile of Sharon Morgan">{{Cite web|url=http://www.spotlight.com/interactive/cv/1/F10433.html|title=Spotlight profile of Sharon Morgan|accessdate=19 July 2011}}</ref> Morgan bụ onye na-akwado ịnọgide na-arụsi ọrụ ike n'oge agadi, ma kwuo na onye na-eme ihe nkiri ibe ya Helen Mirren bụ onye dị mma nńomi nye ụmụ nwanyị meworo agadi.<ref name="Mirren" /> == Ọrụ == Kemgbe ọ malitere ọrụ ime ihe nkiri ya n'afọ ndị 1970, Morgan apụtala n'ọtụtụ usoro TV, ihe nkiri na mmepụta ihe nkiri n'asụsụ Bekee na nke Welsh. Akwụkwọ akụkọ Welsh bụ Western Mail na-arụ ya aka dị ka "otu n'ime ndị na-eme ihe nkiri a na-akwanyere ùgwù nke ọgbọ ya" <ref name="WestMailMorgan" /> Àgwà ndị a ma ama ọ kpara na ihe nkiri gụnyere ngosipụta ya nke Prọfesọ Margaret Edwards na A Mind to Kill n'etiti 1994 na 2002, na ngosipụta Stella Craven na Mine All Mine, (2004) nke Russell T Davies dere. N'etiti ihe ngosi ndị ọzọ Morgan so rụ bụ ọrụ dịka onye isi àgwà mgbe niile na usoro ihe nkiri BBC bụ Belonging, yana ọrụ na-abụghị mgbe niile na Doctors and Appearances na ihe ngosi telivishọn UK ndị ọzọ dị ka Midsomer Murders, Casualty, Coronation Street, Caerdydd, ''Pobol na Cwm'' na ''Alys''. N'afọ 2002, Morgan pụtara dị ka Kath, nwunye nnọnụlọ ike ụwa gwụrụla nke nọ n'agbata afọ iri atọ na ụma na ihe nkiri dị mkpụmkpụ na-atọ ọchị nke e mere na Cardiff bụ Pleasure Pill. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ dịka onye isi àgwà na Martha na ihe nkiri S4C nke afọ 2008 Martha, Jac a Sianco nke ọ kọwara dị ka "ihe nkiri dị mkpa na ọdịbendị" nke na-eje ozi dị ka "nkọwa siri ike ma dị nro nke ndụ ọrụ ugbo na Wales". Nkọwa Morgan nke Martha meriri ya nke abụọ BAFTA Cymru maka onye na-eme ihe nkiri kachasị mma (n'ịbụ onye meriri otu maka arụmọrụ ya na ''Tair Chwaer'' <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/wales/8054939.stm|title=BBC Wales' 11 Bafta Cymru winners|publisher=BBC Wales|date=18 May 2009|accessdate=19 July 2011}}</ref>). <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.thefreelibrary.com/Winning+a+Bafta+was+a+shock+-+but+not+as+much+as+what+followed%3B...-a086163064|title=Winning a Bafta was a shock - but not as much as what followed|work=The Western Mail|author=Price|first=Karen|date=18 May 2002|accessdate=19 July 2011}}</ref> Morgan enwetalakwa ị́ma ya ọfụma site n'àgwà ọ kpara na Torchwood dị ka Mary Cooper, nne onye isi àgwà Gwen Cooper. Morgan pụtara na mbụ na ihe omume "Something Borrowed" na usoro nke abụọ (2008), wee laghachi maka ihe omume isii nke usoro nke anọ ya, Torchwood: Miracle Day (2011). <ref name="WestMailMorgan" />{{Cite web|url=http://www.walesonline.co.uk/showbiz-and-lifestyle/showbiz/2011/07/15/torchwood-actress-sharon-morgan-on-life-in-hollywood-91466-29055514/|title=Torchwood actress Sharon Morgan on life in Hollywood|work=Western Mail|author=Wightwick|first=Abbie|date=15 July 2011|accessdate=15 July 2011}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFWightwick2011">Wightwick, Abbie (15 July 2011). [http://www.walesonline.co.uk/showbiz-and-lifestyle/showbiz/2011/07/15/torchwood-actress-sharon-morgan-on-life-in-hollywood-91466-29055514/ "Torchwood actress Sharon Morgan on life in Hollywood"]. ''Western Mail''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 July</span> 2011</span>.</cite></ref> Ka e mesịrị na 2011, Morgan pụtara dị ka Maggie Jones na Resistance, nke Owen Sheers dere n'ụdị otu akwụkwọ akụkọ na-aza otu aha ahụ.<ref name="WestMailMorgan" />{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-wales-19515375|title=Bafta Cymru: Rhod Gilbert and Code Breakers among nominations|publisher=BBC|date=7 September 2012|accessdate=10 September 2012}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-wales-19782878|title=Four Bafta Cymru awards for Patagonia|publisher=BBC|date=1 October 2012|accessdate=22 November 2012}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.bafta.org/wales/awards/nominees-winners-2012,3433,BA.html|title=British Academy Cymru Awards Winners in 2012|publisher=Bafta Cymru|accessdate=22 November 2012|archivedate=28 July 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130728021743/http://www.bafta.org/wales/awards/nominees-winners-2012,3433,BA.html}}</ref> Na Septemba 2012 Morgan sonyeere ndị na-eme ihe nkiri nke ise nke Hollyoaks Later, na-akpa àgwà dịka Nana Flo.<ref name="flaps">{{Cite web|title=Hollyoaks - Characters: New Faces|url=http://www.e4.com/hollyoaks/later/2012/Characters/newfaces.html|work=[[E4 (TV channel)|E4]]|date=15 September 2012|accessdate=15 September 2012|archivedate=3 May 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130503095251/http://www.e4.com/hollyoaks/later/2012/Characters/newfaces.html}}</ref> Ọ ga-esokwa eme ihe nkiri na US na-abịanụ Da Vinci's Demons dị ka Sister Albina . <ref name="Spotlight profile of Sharon Morgan" /> Na mgbakwunye n'ọrụ ime ihe nkiri ya, Morgan bụkwa onye na-eme ihe nkiri na onye na-ede ihe nkiri nke tụgharịrịla ejije dị iche iche, gụnyere Vagina Monologues, gaa n'asụsụ Welsh.<ref name="WestMailMorgan" />Ejije ndị o so mee gụnyere mmepụta National Theatre Wales A Good night out in the Valleys nke e mere nke mbụ na 2010. == Ihe nkiri ndị a họọrọ == {| class="wikitable sortable" !Afọ (s) !Aha ya !Ọrụ ! class="unsortable" |Ihe ọmụma ndị ọzọ |- |2025 |''Onye Fụpụrụ'' |Delyth Lloyd | |- |2025 |Ndị nwụrụnụ |Anne Knight | |- |2025 |''N'ebe ahụ'' |Gwen Thomas | |- | rowspan="1" |2023 |''Kestav'' |Jenna Gwennap |Ihe nkiri dị mkpirikpi na Kernewek (ya na nwa ya nwanyị Saran) |- | rowspan="1" |2018–2021 |''Pobol na Cwm'' |Brenda Parri |Usoro a na-eme mgbe niile |- | rowspan="1" |2018 |''Onyeozi'' |"Ya" |Ihe nkiri |- | rowspan="1" |2014 |Evermoor |Esmerelda Dwyer |Akara A na-ahụkarị |- | rowspan="2" |2012 |''Ndị mmụọ ọjọọ Da Vinci'' |Nwanne nwanyị Albina | |- |''Hollyoaks Ka E mesịrị'' |Nana Flo |Usoro nke ise |- | rowspan="2" |2011 |''Nnupụisi'' |Maggie Jones |Won - Ihe nrite Bafta Cymru maka onye na-eme ihe nkiri kacha mma |- |''Alys (usoro ihe omume TV) '' |Lisabeth |Ihe omume atọ: Pennod Five; Pennod Six; Pennod Seven |- |2008–2011 |''Osisi ọkụ'' |Mary Cooper |Ihe omume 7 |- | rowspan="2" |2008 |''Martha, Jac na Sianco'' |Martha |Ihe nrite Won Bafta Cymru maka onye na-eme ihe nkiri kacha mma |- |''Mgbe Ị Pụrụ'' |Beryl |Ihe omume TV: "Going Solo" |- |2007 |''Ogbugbu nke Midsomer'' |Delyth Mostyn |Ihe omume TV: "Ọnwụ na Uzuzu" |- | rowspan="3" |2006 |''Ebe a na-akpọ Caerdydd'' |Anne Davies |Ihe omume abụọ |- |''Olileanya Dị Elu'' |Prọfesọ Blunt |Ihe omume abụọ |- |''Calon Gaeth'' |Nwanne nne Hetty |Ihe nkiri telivishọn Welsh |- |2005–2007 |''Ndị dọkịta'' |Gwyneth Powis |Akara a na-ahụkarị |- | rowspan="2" |2005 |''Mabel'' |Janice |Ihe nkiri dị mkpirikpi |- |''N'ụwa'' |Rita Powell |Ihe omume TV: "Say Hello, Wave Goodbye" |- | rowspan="2" |2004 |''Ihe nile nke m'' |Stella Craven |Ọrụ Ndị Na-edu |- |''Pobol na Cwm'' |Sylvia Bevan |Ọdịdị otu ugboro |- |2002 |''Ọgwụ Nri'' |Kath |Akụkọ na-atọ ọchị; Ọrụ Ukwu |- |1994 |''Gadael Lenin'' |Eileen |Ihe nkiri |- |1994–2002 |''Uche Ịchụ Egwu'' |Prọfesọ Margaret Edwards, onye na-ahụ maka ọrịa |Usoro a na-eme mgbe niile |- |1992 |''Ndị nwụrụnụ'' |Jean Collins |Ihe omume TV: "Cascade" |- |1986 |''Enweghị Ebe Dị Mma'' |Daphne Davies |Ihe omume TV: "Trevor's Last Stand" |- |1986 |''Mmetụta Na-ejighị N'aka'' |Nwanyị dọkịta ezé |Ihe omume 4 |- |1984–1987 |''Pobol na Cwm'' |Sylvia Bevan |Usoro a na-eme mgbe niile |- |1984 |''Nnukwu Evans'' |Rachel Harris |Ọrụ na-eduga (ihe omume isii) |- |1983 |''Mmetụta Dị nro'' |Carrie Harrison |Ihe omume TV: "Ihe Omume Nzuzo" |- |1982 |''Giro City'' |Onye Ọrụ Ọha na Eze |Ihe nkiri |- | rowspan="2" |1979 |''Okporo ámá Coronation'' |Oriakụ Ellis |Otu ọdịdị |- |''Thomas na Sarah'' |Alice Williams |Ihe omume TV: "E mere n'Eluigwe" |- |1978 |''Pobol na Cwm'' |Sian Jones |Ihe omume 7 |- |1978 |''Nnukwu Slam'' |Odette |Ihe nkiri telivishọn |- |} == Edensibịa == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * {{IMDb name|id=0605028|name=Sharon Morgan}} {{Authority control}} [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] t9nl2ekgp4hvo6u4tzjfpftmwsus1ru 0 73217 644518 596972 2026-05-31T06:07:03Z Geraldine Kene 23189 Fixed reference error 644518 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Saraveca''' (Xaray) <ref>{{Cite journal|author=Godoy|first=Gustavo|date=2023-11-30|title=Multilingual Pantanal and its decay|url=https://digitalcommons.trinity.edu/tipiti/vol19/iss2/4|journal=Tipití: Journal of the Society for the Anthropology of Lowland South America|language=en|volume=19|issue=2|pages=272–293|doi=10.70845/2572-3626.1362|issn=2572-3626}}</ref> bụ [[Asụsụ Arawak]] na-adịghịzi adị nke ndị Sarave na-asụbu na [[Bolivia]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|author=de Créqui-Montfort|first=G.|date=1913|title=Linguistique Bolivienne. La Langue Saraveka|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/44387224|journal=Journal de la Société des américanistes|volume=10|pages=497–540|issn=0037-9174}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFde_Créqui-MontfortRivet1913">de Créqui-Montfort, G.; Rivet, P. (1913). [https://www.jstor.org/stable/44387224 "Linguistique Bolivienne. La Langue Saraveka"]. ''Journal de la Société des américanistes''. '''10''': <span class="nowrap">497–</span>540. [[ISSN (identifier)|ISSN]]&nbsp;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0037-9174 0037-9174].</cite></ref><ref>{{Cite journal|author=Danielsen|first=Swintha|date=January 2013|title=Evaluating historical data (wordlists) in the case of bolivian extinct languages|url=https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1524/stuf.2013.0014/html|journal=STUF - Language Typology and Universals|volume=66|issue=3|doi=10.1524/stuf.2013.0014|issn=2196-7148}}</ref> Ka ọ na-erule afọ 1962, ọtụtụ ndị mmadụ agbanweela Chiquitano. == Ọnụ ọgụgụ == <ref>{{Cite book|author=Wells|first=David|title=The Penguin Dictionary of Curious and Interesting Numbers|publisher=Penguin UK|year=1997|isbn=978-0-14-026149-3}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=Numerals and numeral systems {{!}} Examples & Symbols {{!}} Britannica|url=https://www.britannica.com/science/numeral|accessdate=2025-01-01|work=www.britannica.com|language=en}}</ref> A na-ekwu na[1][2] bụ naanị asụsụ nwere usoro ọnụọgụgụ dabere naanị na ise, ọ bụ ezie na usoro quinary dị. Ruo n'ókè ụfọdụ, nke a bụkwa ihe dị mkpa n'asụsụ ndị ọzọ dị na South America; ọtụtụ na-emepụta ọnụọgụgụ ha 6–9 dị ka "ise + otu", "ise + abụọ" na ndị ọzọ. {| class="wikitable" |+Nọmba Saraveca<ref name=":0" /> !Ọnụ ọgụgụ !Saraveca |- |otu |{{Lang|sar|atia}} |- |abụọ |{{Lang|sar|iñama}} |- |atọ |{{Lang|sar|anahama}} |- |anọ |{{Lang|sar|azarakapa}} |- |ise |{{Lang|sar|ara-piaiče}} |} == Edensibia == <references /> 0eeb00reycfec1pp1i85jwwsd100et3 0 73222 644174 596979 2026-05-30T18:17:26Z Chigozirim2005 19722 Fixed reference error 644174 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="infobox vevent infobox-has-images-with-white-backgrounds" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-above above" style="font-size:125%; color: black; background-color: #98b1c7;" |Bahuana |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="font-size:110%; color: black; background-color: #98b1c7;" |Shiriana, Chiriana, Xiriana |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="font-size:110%; color: black; background-color: #98b1c7;" |<span title="Xiriâna-language text">''Bahwana''</span> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;" |Nkwupụta | class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;" |<span lang="und-Latn-fonipa" class="IPA nowrap" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[Bahuana]</span><ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|last=Ramirez|first=Henri|date=1992|title=Le Bahuana: une nouvelle langue de la famille arawak|url=https://etnolinguistica.wdfiles.com/local--files/biblio%3Aramirez-1992-bahuana/Ramirez_1992_Le_Bahuana.pdf|journal=Amerindia|volume=17 supplement 1|issn=0221-8852}}</ref> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;" |A mụrụ ya&nbsp; | class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;" |[[Brazil]] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;" |Agbụrụ | class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;" |[[Shiriana people|Ndị Shiriana]] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;" |[[Extinct language|Ndị nwụrụ anwụ]] | class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;" |<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 2000&#x2009;</span><ref><templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles><cite class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" id="CITEREFRamirez2001">Ramirez, Henry (2001-01-31). ''Linguas Arawak Da Amazonia Setentrional'' (in Brazilian Portuguese). Fua. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-85-7401-084-7|<bdi>978-85-7401-084-7</bdi>]].</cite></ref> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;" |<div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; "><span class="wrap">[[Language family|Ezinụlọ asụsụ]]</span></div> | class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;" |<div style="text-align:left;">[[Maipurean languages|Arawak]] * CentralBahuanaic[3]Bahuana *** '''Bahuana''' <ref><templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles><cite class="citation web cs1">[https://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/xiri1243 "Glottolog 5.2 - Xiriâna"]. ''glottolog.org''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2025-11-07</span></span>.</cite></ref> Bahuana </div> |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: black; background-color: #98b1c7;" |Koodu asụsụ |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;" |<span class="nowrap">[[ISO 639-3]]</span> | class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;" |<code>[[iso639-3:xir|xir]]</code> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;" |''[[Glottolog]]'' | class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;" |<code>[https://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/xiri1243 xiri1243]</code> |} '''Bahuana''' (Bahwana),ma ọ bụ Shiriana (Xiriâna, Chiriana), bụ asụsụ Arawakan nwere njikọ chiri anya na Manao na Kariaí , <ref>{{Cite journal|author=Ramirez|first=Henri|date=2019-09-23|title=Línguas Arawak da Bolívia|url=https://periodicos.sbu.unicamp.br/ojs/index.php/liames/article/view/8655045|journal=LIAMES: Línguas Indígenas Americanas|volume=19|pages=e019012|doi=10.20396/liames.v19i0.8655045|issn=2177-7160}}</ref> == Ọmụmụ ụdaolu == {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+Mkpụrụ okwu Bahuana<ref name=":0" /> ! colspan="2" | !Bilabial !Ezé ezé !Alveolar !Palatal !Velar !Mkpịsị aka |- ! rowspan="2" |Plosive !<small>enweghị olu</small> |p |t | |c |k |Nkọwa⟨'⟩ |- !<small>kwuru okwu</small> |b |d | |ɟ | | |- ! colspan="2" |Ihe na-esiri ike |ɸ |ts |s |N'ikwu ya n'ụzọ ọzọ⟨x⟩ | |h |- ! colspan="2" |Ụgbọ imi |m |n | |Nkọwa⟨ñ⟩ | | |- ! colspan="2" |Mmiri |w |Akụkụ nke a⟨r⟩ | |__ibo__ N'ihi ya, ọ ga-abụrịrị na ọ ga-adị⟨y⟩ |Nkọwa⟨R⟩ | |} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+Mkpụrụ okwu ụdaume Bahuana ! rowspan="2" | ! rowspan="2" |N'ihu ! colspan="2" |Ịlaghachi azụ |- !<small>unrounded</small> !<nowiki><small id="mwlQ">gbara gburugburu</small></nowiki> |- !Elu |i |ɨ | rowspan="2" |u |- !Ala Dị Ala |e |a |} == Okwu == {| class="wikitable" |+Okwu ndị bụ isi nke Bahuana<ref name=":0" /> !Bahuana !ịma mma |- |__ibo____ibo____ibo__ Ọdịdị |ọbara |- |nikɨsaɨ |obi |- |yaɨ |penis |- | (saba) taɨ |akụkụ ahụ nwanyị |- |taɨda |akpụkpọ ahụ |- |kiwici | rowspan="2" |ntutu isi |- |Ụgbọ mmiri |- |ciɲuma |afụ ọnụ |- |Nwanne nne |nsị |- |kiwida |isi |- |Naukɨsaɨ |anya |- |kirina |imi |- |numada |ọnụ |- |ninima (da) |ire |} == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} ffe67ra4s2dd78v6mulgastm7bwfzkx 0 73304 644201 597099 2026-05-30T19:32:01Z Wikipedian12512(alt) 61413 ce 644201 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder | name = Paul Pastur | image = Paul Pastur - Livre d'or exposition de Charleroi 1911 - tome 1 - page 85 - 01.jpg | width = | caption = | birth_date = 7 February 1866 | birth_place = [[Marcinelle]], [[Belgium]] | death_date = 8 June 1938 | death_place = [[Marcinelle]], [[Belgium]] | nationality = {{BEL}} | occupation = [[Politician]]<br>[[Lawyer]]<br>[[Educator]] | party = }} '''Paul Pastur''' (7 Febụwarị 1866 - 8 Jun 1938) bụ onye ọka iwu na onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Beljọm si Hainaut . O nwetara akara ugo mmụta n'isi ọmụmụ iwu na Mahadum Liège, wee malite ịrụ ọrụ n'ụlọ iwu Charleroi na 1893. == Akụkọ ndụ == A mụrụ Pastur na 7 Febụwarị 1866 na Marcinelle, [[Belgium]]. N'ịbụ onye Ọgba aghara nke 1886 masịrị, ọ banyere n'ịgbachitere ndị ọrụ iri abụọ na asaa a na-eche na ha pụtara na Great Plot. N'afọ 1892, ya na Jules Destrée, hiwere Democratic Federation. O tinyere onwe ya n'ịkwalite agụmakwụkwọ nhatanha ma na 1903 o guzobere Mahadum Travail na Charleroi. N'afọ 1927, o webatara Ụbọchị Ndị Nne na Belgium, dabere na ihe nlereanya America. Paul Pastur bụ onye Freemason. == Ọnwụ == Paul Pastur nwụrụ na 8 Jun 1938 na Marcinelle, [[Belgium]]. == Ihe ngosi Foto == <gallery mode="nolines"> Faịlụ:Charleroi_-_monument_Paul_Pastur_-_06.jpg|Onyonyo Paul Pastur, n'akụkụ ''Université du Travail'' na Charleroi </gallery> == Edensibịa == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * [http://www.utpp.be/ Mahadum Ọrụ] *   3mwr2bl1hq0hdvz4oe202r7mqf01bbq 0 73481 644050 641792 2026-05-30T14:28:06Z Iwuala chisom 17246 644050 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="infobox vcard" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%;" |<div class="fn" style="font-size:125%;">Elizabeth Mojisola Hunponu-Wusu</div> |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" |<templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles> |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;" |Onye guzobere na Onye isi ala, WoodHall Capital. |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender" |Nkọwa nke onwe |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |A mụrụ ya | class="infobox-data" | <span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1977-11-10</span>)</span> Nọvemba 10, 1977 (afọ 48) <span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (Ọ dị afọ 48) &nbsp;</span> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Ụmụ amaala | class="infobox-data" |[[Naijiria|Naịjirịa]] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Nwunye | class="infobox-data" |[[Agbamakwụkwọ|Alụọ di]] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |[[Alma mater]] | class="infobox-data" |Mahadum Coventry (Bachelor of Science in Economics) |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Ọrụ | class="infobox-data" |Onye na-etinye ego na ụlọ akụ |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;" |<div></div> |} Elizabeth Mojisola Hunponu‐Wusu (amụrụ na 10 Nọvemba 1977) bụ onye Britain na Naịjirịa na-arụ ọrụ na ụlọ akụ itinye ego na azụmaahịa.Ọ bụ onye guzobere na onyeisi oche nke Woodhall Capital, ụlọ ọrụ ndụmọdụ ego nke nwere ọrụ na Lagos, London, Dubai, na Abuja. Ụlọ ọrụ ahụ na-elekwasị anya n'ịchọta ihe.<ref name=":1" /><ref>{{Cite web|author=Uduak|first=Happiness|date=2024-10-02|title=Mojisola Hunponu-Wusu, bridges Nigeria's international capital gap.|url=https://thebenchmark.com.ng/mojisola-hunponu-wusu-bridges-nigerias-international-capital-gap/|accessdate=2025-07-24|work=thebenchmark.com.ng|language=en-US}}</ref> ==Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ == A mụrụ Hunponu‑Wusu na Lagos, Naịjirịa. Ọ malitere agụmakwụkwọ ya na Adesoye College dị na Kwara State tupu ọ kwaga United Kingdom mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na ise ịga Abbey College Malvern dị na Worcestershire. O nwetara nzere bachelọ nke sayensị na Economics na Mahadum Coventry . <ref>{{Cite web|author=efosataiwo@vanguardngr.com|date=2024-04-25|title=I've been married for 20 years but never cooked – Mojisola Hunponu-Wusu|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2024/04/ive-been-married-for-20-years-but-never-cooked-mojisola-hunponu-wusu/|accessdate=2025-07-24|work=Vanguard News|language=en-GB}}</ref> == Ọrụ == === Ọrụ mbụ na ụlọ akụ itinye ego === Hunponu‑Wusu malitere ọrụ ya na ngalaba ọrụ ego nke London, na-arụ ọrụ na ụlọ ọrụ dịka BNP Paribas, Goldman Sachs, Credit Lyonnais, na Deutsche Bank. Ọrụ ya kpuchiri akụkụ dịka azụmaahịa ego a na-akwụghị ụgwọ, ego a haziri ahazi, na ndụmọdụ onye isi ala.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|author=Edeme|first=Victoria|date=2024-06-29|title=My mother sold her land, jewellery to fund my education — Financial firm founder|url=https://punchng.com/my-mother-sold-her-land-jewellery-to-fund-my-education-financial-firm-founder/|accessdate=2025-07-24|work=Punch Newspapers|language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFEdeme2024">Edeme, Victoria (2024-06-29). [https://punchng.com/my-mother-sold-her-land-jewellery-to-fund-my-education-financial-firm-founder/ "My mother sold her land, jewellery to fund my education — Financial firm founder"]. ''Punch Newspapers''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2025-07-24</span></span>.</cite></ref> === Isi obodo Woodhall === N'afọ 2014, Hunponu-Wusu guzobere Woodhall Capital na Lagos. Dabere na ajụjụ ọnụ na akụkọ ndị nta akụkọ, ụlọ ọrụ ahụ emeela ka azụmahịa ego gafee ókèala na-emetụta ndị ahịa na ụlọ ọrụ ma mesịa gbasaa na [[London]] (2019), Dubai (2020), na [[Abuja]] (2024). N'ọnwa Julaị 2024, Woodhall Finance House, <ref>{{Cite web|author=Adebayo|first=Ifeoluwa|date=2024-09-09|title=Woodhall Capital secures finance firm licence from CBN|url=https://businessday.ng/news/article/woodhall-capital-secures-finance-firm-licence-from-cbn/|accessdate=2025-07-24|work=Businessday NG|language=en-US}}</ref> nke ụlọ ọrụ ahụ, nwetara ikike site na Central Bank of Nigeria <ref>{{Cite web|author=Alli|first=Wasiu|date=2024-07-12|title=Woodhall Capital partners with Lagos to mark 10 years anniversary|url=https://businessday.ng/news/article/woodhall-capital-partners-with-lagos-to-mark-10-years-anniversary/|accessdate=2025-07-24|work=Businessday NG|language=en-US}}</ref> .<ref>{{Cite web|author=Ajumobi|first=Kemi|date=2024-06-28|title=Over $5billion raised, impressive client retention rate, Mojisola Hunponu-Wusu's success inspires|url=https://businessday.ng/interview/article/over-5billion-raised-impressive-client-retention-rate-mojisola-hunponu-wusus-success-inspires/|accessdate=2025-07-24|work=Businessday NG|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=Bankole|first=Idowu|date=2023-07-09|title=With integrity, we raised over $4 billion from international investors - Mojisola Hunponu-Wusu|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2023/07/with-integrity-we-raised-over-4-billion-from-international-investors-mojisola-hunponu-wusu/|accessdate=2025-07-24|work=Vanguard News|language=en-GB}}</ref> == Omume na ụlọ ọrụ okike == N'afọ 2025, Hunponu-Wusu so [[Titi Ogufere]] <ref>{{Cite news|title=Women Leading Change: How Titi Ogufere and Mojisola Hunponu-Wusu are Transforming the Design Industry – THISDAYLIVE|url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/2025/03/18/women-leading-change-how-titi-ogufere-and-mojisola-hunponu-wusu-are-transforming-the-design-industry/|accessdate=2025-07-24|work=[[This Day]]|language=en-US}}</ref> nke Design Week Lagos rụkọọ ọrụ iji malite The Design Den, atụmatụ e mere iji kwado ndị na-emepụta Naijiria site na ego na ntụziaka. Site na Woodhall Finance House, o sonyekwara n'ịmalite ego na-emepụta ihe na-ejikọta ya na Polaris Bank na Gọọmentị UK n'okpuru UK-Nigeria Enhanced Trade and Investment Partnership. Omume ahụ gụnyere usoro pọdkastị akpọrọ Creative Currency, nke gosipụtara ndị otu si n'òtù ọha na eze na nke onwe.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Anthony|date=2025-01-25|title=Firm Champions funding for Nigerian creative industry|url=https://guardian.ng/saturday-magazine/weekend-beats/firm-champions-funding-for-nigerian-creative-industry/|accessdate=2025-07-24|work=The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News|language=en-US}}</ref> == Mmekọrịta obodo == Hunponu-Wusu guzobere Woodhall Capital Foundation iji kwado mmemme mmepe obodo na [[Education|agụmakwụkwọ]], [[Nlekọta ahụike ma ọ|nlekọta ahụike]], na nchekwa nri. Ntọala ahụ na ụlọ akwụkwọ na ndị ọchịchị mpaghara na mpaghara ndị a na-ejighị eme ihe iji melite ohere ịnweta ọrụ. Na mgbakwunye, o nyere aka malite mmemme ntụziaka nke ndị isi ụlọ ọrụ na mmekorita ya na Mentor Intro Africa, nke e mere iji jikọta Ndị ọchụnta ego na-eto eto na ndị isi azụmaahịa.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Alaka|first=Gboyega|date=2025-03-01|title=Two women, same passion: Titi Ogufere and Mojisola Hunponu-Wusu set stage for brighter creative sector via The Design Den|url=https://thenationonlineng.net/two-women-same-passion-titi-ogufere-and-mojisola-hunponu-wusu-set-stage-for-brighter-creative-sector-via-the-design-den/|accessdate=2025-07-24|work=The Nation Newspaper|language=en-US}}</ref> == Nkwupụta ihu ọha na ajụjụ ọnụ == N'Ajụjụ ọnụ mgbasa ozi, Hunponu-Wusu atụlewo isiokwu ndị metụtara ego na usoro itinye ego. N'ajụjụ ọnụ ya na Vanguard n'afọ 2023, o kwuru banyere ọrụ nke ụkpụrụ Omume onwe onye na idu ndú <ref>{{Cite news|author=Times|first=Premium|date=2025-03-24|title=Mojisola Hunponu-Wusu speaks on leadership, resilience, women's empowerment|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/gender/783161-mojisola-hunponu-wusu-speaks-on-leadership-resilience-womens-empowerment.html|accessdate=2025-07-24|work=[[Premium Times]]|language=en-GB}}</ref> n'ime ụlọ ọrụ ego Naịjirịa. O kwupụtakwara echiche banyere mkpa itinye ego na ngalaba ndị na-abụghị mmanụ, gụnyere akụ na ụba okike.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|author=Obi|first=Daniel|date=2024-10-23|title=Nigeria, UAE explore opportunities as Woodhall Capital unveils investors' forum|url=https://businessday.ng/news/article/nigeria-uae-explore-opportunities-as-woodhall-capital-unveils-investors-forum/|accessdate=2025-07-24|work=Businessday NG|language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFObi2024">Obi, Daniel (2024-10-23). [https://businessday.ng/news/article/nigeria-uae-explore-opportunities-as-woodhall-capital-unveils-investors-forum/ "Nigeria, UAE explore opportunities as Woodhall Capital unveils investors' forum"]. ''Businessday NG''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2025-07-24</span></span>.</cite></ref> == Nkwado == E depụtara Hunponu‐Wusu n'etiti "50 Value-Driven CEOs of Excellence" na atụmatụ nke The Guardian (Nigeria). <ref>{{Cite news|author=Nigeria|first=Guardian|date=2023-03-20|title=THE GUARDIAN'S SPECIAL FOCUS ON 50 VALUE-DRIVEN CEOS OF EXCELLENCE THAT POWERED NIGERIA'S ECONOMIC GROWTH IN 2022: Part FIVE {{!}} The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News|url=https://guardian.ng/features/the-guardians-special-focus-on-50-value-driven-ceos-of-excellence-that-powered-nigerias-economic-growth-in-2022-part-five/|accessdate=2025-07-24|work=The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News|language=en-US}}</ref> A kọwapụtara ya n'akwụkwọ ndị dị ka BusinessDay, Vanguard, na ThisDay Style maka onyinye ya na ego na Ọchụnta ego. == Ndụ onwe onye == Hunponu-Wusu ekwuola n'ajụjụ ọnụ banyere ụkpụrụ onwe ya na mmasị n'ịduzi ndị ọkachamara na-eto eto. Ọ lụrụ di ma nwee ụmụ ma kọwaa [[Efefe Kraịst|okwukwe]] ya <ref>{{Cite web|author=Nation|first=The|date=2024-11-10|title=Christian women empowered to embrace God's purpose|url=https://thenationonlineng.net/christian-women-empowered-to-embrace-gods-purpose/|accessdate=2025-07-24|work=The Nation Newspaper|language=en-US}}</ref> dị ka onye nwere mmetụta n'ụzọ ọ na-esi azụmahịa na idu ndú. <ref>{{Cite news|author=Itodo|first=Sunny Green|date=2024-04-25|title=I've been married for 20 years but never cooked - Mojisola Hunponu-Wusu|url=https://dailypost.ng/2024/04/25/ive-been-married-for-20-years-but-never-cooked-mojisola-hunponu-wusu/|accessdate=2025-07-24|work=[[Daily Post (Nigeria)|Daily Post]]|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=Apanpa|first=Olaniyi|date=2024-04-25|title=Why I have not cooked in my marriage for 20 years, Woodhall Capital CEO reveals|url=https://punchng.com/why-i-have-not-cooked-in-my-marriage-for-20-years-woodhall-capital-ceo-reveals/|accessdate=2025-07-24|work=Punch Newspapers|language=en-US}}</ref> == Ebensibịa == {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Elizabeth Mojisola, Hunponu-Wusu}} [[Otú:Ụmụ nwanyị Naijiria]] [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Otú:Pages with unreviewed translations]] e4i0866le2v9ffurgfklo5u04p46wyn 0 73529 644447 597506 2026-05-31T02:04:00Z Sylvaline39 15355 Fixed reference error 644447 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Language|name=Umotína|states=[[Brazil]]|region=[[Mato Grosso]]|extinct=2003|familycolor=american|fam1=[[Macro-Jê languages|Macro-Jê]] ?|fam2=[[Bororoan languages|Bororoan]]|iso3=umo}} ''''''Umutina'''''' ma ọ bụ Umutína bụ asụsụ Brazil nke gbahapụrụ n'oge na-adịbeghị anya.. <ref name="Schultz, 1952">{{Cite journal|author=Schultz|first=Harald|date=1952|title=Vocabulario dos Indios Umutina.|url=https://www.persee.fr/doc/jsa_0037-9174_1952_num_41_1_2400|journal=Journal de la société des américanistes|volume=41|issue=1|pages=81–137|doi=10.3406/jsa.1952.2400}}</ref> == Ọmụmụ ụdaolu == === Mkpụrụ okwu === Ọ bụ otu n'ime asụsụ ole na ole n'ụwa a kọrọ na ha nwere ụdaume asụsụ: Na data a na-ebipụtabeghị, Floyd Lounsbury dekọrọ ụda olu na-enweghị ụda olu. ==== Tan Huare (2015) ==== {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" |+Mkpụrụ okwu Umotina ! colspan="2" | !Bilabial !Alveolar !Palatal !Velar !Mkpịsị aka |- ! rowspan="4" |Okpokoro !<small>ala dị larịị</small> |p |t | |k | |- !<small>kwuru okwu</small> |b | | | | |- !<nowiki><small id="mwWQ">ụlọ nyocha</small></nowiki> |pʷ | | |kʷ | |- !<small>nyocha olu.</small> |bʷ | | | | |- ! colspan="2" |Ụgbọ imi |m |n | | | |- ! rowspan="2" |Ihe na-esiri ike !<small>ala dị larịị</small> | |s |ʃ | |h |- !<small>kwuru okwu</small> | |z |ʒ | | |- ! colspan="2" |Tap | |ɾ | | | |- ! colspan="2" |N'akụkụ | |l | | | |- ! colspan="2" |Ihe atụ |w | |j | | |} ==== Pereira Lima (1995) ==== {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" |+Mkpụrụ okwu Umotina ! colspan="2" | !Bilabial !Alveolar !Palatal !Velar |- ! colspan="2" |Okpokoro |p |t | |k |- ! rowspan="2" |Ihe na-esiri ike !<small>ala dị larịị</small> | | |ʃ | |- !<small>kwuru okwu</small> | |z |ʒ | |- ! colspan="2" |Ụgbọ imi |m |n | | |- ! colspan="2" |Tap | |ɾ | | |- ! colspan="2" |N'akụkụ | |l | | |- ! colspan="2" |Ihe atụ |w | |j | |} === Mkpụrụedemede === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" |+Mkpụrụedemede Umotina ! !N'ihu !Central !Ịlaghachi azụ |- !N'akụkụ |i |ɨ |u |- !N'etiti etiti |e | |o |- !N'etiti oghere |ɛ | |ɔ |- !Emeghe | |a | |} == Edensibia == {{Reflist|refs=}} 3ggkgv0bdrskuj4j5ygo1p7spgctgg3 644614 644447 2026-05-31T11:44:26Z Sylvaline39 15355 /* Edensibia */ fixed reference error 644614 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Language|name=Umotína|states=[[Brazil]]|region=[[Mato Grosso]]|extinct=2003|familycolor=american|fam1=[[Macro-Jê languages|Macro-Jê]] ?|fam2=[[Bororoan languages|Bororoan]]|iso3=umo}} ''''''Umutina'''''' ma ọ bụ Umutína bụ asụsụ Brazil nke gbahapụrụ n'oge na-adịbeghị anya.. <ref name="Schultz, 1952">{{Cite journal|author=Schultz|first=Harald|date=1952|title=Vocabulario dos Indios Umutina.|url=https://www.persee.fr/doc/jsa_0037-9174_1952_num_41_1_2400|journal=Journal de la société des américanistes|volume=41|issue=1|pages=81–137|doi=10.3406/jsa.1952.2400}}</ref> == Ọmụmụ ụdaolu == === Mkpụrụ okwu === Ọ bụ otu n'ime asụsụ ole na ole n'ụwa a kọrọ na ha nwere ụdaume asụsụ: Na data a na-ebipụtabeghị, Floyd Lounsbury dekọrọ ụda olu na-enweghị ụda olu. ==== Tan Huare (2015) ==== {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" |+Mkpụrụ okwu Umotina ! colspan="2" | !Bilabial !Alveolar !Palatal !Velar !Mkpịsị aka |- ! rowspan="4" |Okpokoro !<small>ala dị larịị</small> |p |t | |k | |- !<small>kwuru okwu</small> |b | | | | |- !<nowiki><small id="mwWQ">ụlọ nyocha</small></nowiki> |pʷ | | |kʷ | |- !<small>nyocha olu.</small> |bʷ | | | | |- ! colspan="2" |Ụgbọ imi |m |n | | | |- ! rowspan="2" |Ihe na-esiri ike !<small>ala dị larịị</small> | |s |ʃ | |h |- !<small>kwuru okwu</small> | |z |ʒ | | |- ! colspan="2" |Tap | |ɾ | | | |- ! colspan="2" |N'akụkụ | |l | | | |- ! colspan="2" |Ihe atụ |w | |j | | |} ==== Pereira Lima (1995) ==== {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" |+Mkpụrụ okwu Umotina ! colspan="2" | !Bilabial !Alveolar !Palatal !Velar |- ! colspan="2" |Okpokoro |p |t | |k |- ! rowspan="2" |Ihe na-esiri ike !<small>ala dị larịị</small> | | |ʃ | |- !<small>kwuru okwu</small> | |z |ʒ | |- ! colspan="2" |Ụgbọ imi |m |n | | |- ! colspan="2" |Tap | |ɾ | | |- ! colspan="2" |N'akụkụ | |l | | |- ! colspan="2" |Ihe atụ |w | |j | |} === Mkpụrụedemede === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" |+Mkpụrụedemede Umotina ! !N'ihu !Central !Ịlaghachi azụ |- !N'akụkụ |i |ɨ |u |- !N'etiti etiti |e | |o |- !N'etiti oghere |ɛ | |ɔ |- !Emeghe | |a | |} == Edensibia == {{Reflist|refs=}} <ref name="Olson et al., 2013">{{cite journal|last1=Olson|first1=Kenneth S.|last2=Reiman|first2=D. William|last3=Sabio|first3=Fernando|last4=da Silva|first4=Filipe Alberto|title=The voiced linguolabial plosive in Kajoko|journal=Journal of West African Languages|date=2013|volume=42|issue=2|page=63|url=https://journalofwestafricanlanguages.org/downloads/summary/117-volume-40-number-2/606-the-voiced-linguolabial-plosive-in-kajoko|language=en|access-date=November 13, 2017}} 1t76jxl08pq6gqhc5ykw1pnasel0i39 644615 644614 2026-05-31T11:48:04Z Sylvaline39 15355 /* Edensibia */ fixed reference error 644615 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Language|name=Umotína|states=[[Brazil]]|region=[[Mato Grosso]]|extinct=2003|familycolor=american|fam1=[[Macro-Jê languages|Macro-Jê]] ?|fam2=[[Bororoan languages|Bororoan]]|iso3=umo}} ''''''Umutina'''''' ma ọ bụ Umutína bụ asụsụ Brazil nke gbahapụrụ n'oge na-adịbeghị anya.. <ref name="Schultz, 1952">{{Cite journal|author=Schultz|first=Harald|date=1952|title=Vocabulario dos Indios Umutina.|url=https://www.persee.fr/doc/jsa_0037-9174_1952_num_41_1_2400|journal=Journal de la société des américanistes|volume=41|issue=1|pages=81–137|doi=10.3406/jsa.1952.2400}}</ref> == Ọmụmụ ụdaolu == === Mkpụrụ okwu === Ọ bụ otu n'ime asụsụ ole na ole n'ụwa a kọrọ na ha nwere ụdaume asụsụ: Na data a na-ebipụtabeghị, Floyd Lounsbury dekọrọ ụda olu na-enweghị ụda olu. ==== Tan Huare (2015) ==== {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" |+Mkpụrụ okwu Umotina ! colspan="2" | !Bilabial !Alveolar !Palatal !Velar !Mkpịsị aka |- ! rowspan="4" |Okpokoro !<small>ala dị larịị</small> |p |t | |k | |- !<small>kwuru okwu</small> |b | | | | |- !<nowiki><small id="mwWQ">ụlọ nyocha</small></nowiki> |pʷ | | |kʷ | |- !<small>nyocha olu.</small> |bʷ | | | | |- ! colspan="2" |Ụgbọ imi |m |n | | | |- ! rowspan="2" |Ihe na-esiri ike !<small>ala dị larịị</small> | |s |ʃ | |h |- !<small>kwuru okwu</small> | |z |ʒ | | |- ! colspan="2" |Tap | |ɾ | | | |- ! colspan="2" |N'akụkụ | |l | | | |- ! colspan="2" |Ihe atụ |w | |j | | |} ==== Pereira Lima (1995) ==== {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" |+Mkpụrụ okwu Umotina ! colspan="2" | !Bilabial !Alveolar !Palatal !Velar |- ! colspan="2" |Okpokoro |p |t | |k |- ! rowspan="2" |Ihe na-esiri ike !<small>ala dị larịị</small> | | |ʃ | |- !<small>kwuru okwu</small> | |z |ʒ | |- ! colspan="2" |Ụgbọ imi |m |n | | |- ! colspan="2" |Tap | |ɾ | | |- ! colspan="2" |N'akụkụ | |l | | |- ! colspan="2" |Ihe atụ |w | |j | |} === Mkpụrụedemede === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" |+Mkpụrụedemede Umotina ! !N'ihu !Central !Ịlaghachi azụ |- !N'akụkụ |i |ɨ |u |- !N'etiti etiti |e | |o |- !N'etiti oghere |ɛ | |ɔ |- !Emeghe | |a | |} == Edensibia == {{Reflist|refs= <ref name=" Martin, 1956">{{cite journal|last1=Martin|first1=Samuel E.|title=Review of ''A Manual of Phonology''|journal=Language|date=1956|volume=32|issue=4|page=683|jstor=411090|doi=10.2307/411090}}</ref> <ref name="Olson et al., 2013">{{cite journal|last1=Olson|first1=Kenneth S.|last2=Reiman|first2=D. William|last3=Sabio|first3=Fernando|last4=da Silva|first4=Filipe Alberto|title=The voiced linguolabial plosive in Kajoko|journal=Journal of West African Languages|date=2013|volume=42|issue=2|page=63|url=https://journalofwestafricanlanguages.org/downloads/summary/117-volume-40-number-2/606-the-voiced-linguolabial-plosive-in-kajoko|language=en|access-date=November 13, 2017}}</ref> }} asnomqq307rmo9mtl4kbptz9l6l3k7g 644616 644615 2026-05-31T11:56:47Z Sylvaline39 15355 fixed reference error 644616 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Language|name=Umotína|states=[[Brazil]]|region=[[Mato Grosso]]|extinct=2003|familycolor=american|fam1=[[Macro-Jê languages|Macro-Jê]] ?|fam2=[[Bororoan languages|Bororoan]]|iso3=umo}} ''''''Umutina'''''' ma ọ bụ Umutína bụ asụsụ Brazil nke gbahapụrụ n'oge na-adịbeghị anya.. <ref name="Schultz, 1952">{{Cite journal|author=Schultz|first=Harald|date=1952|title=Vocabulario dos Indios Umutina.|url=https://www.persee.fr/doc/jsa_0037-9174_1952_num_41_1_2400|journal=Journal de la société des américanistes|volume=41|issue=1|pages=81–137|doi=10.3406/jsa.1952.2400}}</ref> == Ọmụmụ ụdaolu == === Mkpụrụ okwu === Ọ bụ otu n'ime asụsụ ole na ole n'ụwa a kọrọ na ha nwere ụdaume asụsụ: Na data a na-ebipụtabeghị, Floyd Lounsbury dekọrọ ụda olu na-enweghị ụda olu. ==== Tan Huare (2015) ==== {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" |+Mkpụrụ okwu Umotina ! colspan="2" | !Bilabial !Alveolar !Palatal !Velar !Mkpịsị aka |- ! rowspan="4" |Okpokoro !<small>ala dị larịị</small> |p |t | |k | |- !<small>kwuru okwu</small> |b | | | | |- !<nowiki><small id="mwWQ">ụlọ nyocha</small></nowiki> |pʷ | | |kʷ | |- !<small>nyocha olu.</small> |bʷ | | | | |- ! colspan="2" |Ụgbọ imi |m |n | | | |- ! rowspan="2" |Ihe na-esiri ike !<small>ala dị larịị</small> | |s |ʃ | |h |- !<small>kwuru okwu</small> | |z |ʒ | | |- ! colspan="2" |Tap | |ɾ | | | |- ! colspan="2" |N'akụkụ | |l | | | |- ! colspan="2" |Ihe atụ |w | |j | | |} ==== Pereira Lima (1995) ==== {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" |+Mkpụrụ okwu Umotina ! colspan="2" | !Bilabial !Alveolar !Palatal !Velar |- ! colspan="2" |Okpokoro |p |t | |k |- ! rowspan="2" |Ihe na-esiri ike !<small>ala dị larịị</small> | | |ʃ | |- !<small>kwuru okwu</small> | |z |ʒ | |- ! colspan="2" |Ụgbọ imi |m |n | | |- ! colspan="2" |Tap | |ɾ | | |- ! colspan="2" |N'akụkụ | |l | | |- ! colspan="2" |Ihe atụ |w | |j | |} === Mkpụrụedemede === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" |+Mkpụrụedemede Umotina ! !N'ihu !Central !Ịlaghachi azụ |- !N'akụkụ |i |ɨ |u |- !N'etiti etiti |e | |o |- !N'etiti oghere |ɛ | |ɔ |- !Emeghe | |a | |} == Edensibia == {{Reflist|refs= }} rst2h3fnwy0beh7um3pu26i363xhjxl 0 73585 644600 597632 2026-05-31T10:15:35Z ~2026-32314-82 62081 Fixed reference errors 644600 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Taiarahia Black''' bụ onye nkuzi New Zealand, onye bilitere na prọfesọ zuru oke na Mahadum Massey. == Ọrụ agụmakwụkwọ == Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Mahadum nke Waikato, ọ kwagara Massey na 1981. Ph.D. ya ''<nowiki/>'Kāore te Aurora--: te hua o te wānanga' '', nke e dechara na Mahadum Massey n'afọ 2000, bụ akwụkwọ edemede Ph.D mbụ na mahadum ọ bụla a ga-ebipụta na te reo Māori <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://briefingpapers.co.nz/doctoral-theses-in-maori-advice-for-universities/|title=Doctoral theses in Māori: Advice for universities}}</ref> .<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/manawatu-standard/news/74339218/undefined|title=Maori students flourishing at Massey Graduation in Manawatu|work=Stuff|date=24 November 2015}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.facebook.com/MaoriMassey/posts/990801387627673|title=Massey University Maori@Massey|work=www.facebook.com}}</ref> Black mechara bụrụ prọfesọ na Te Whare Wānanga o Awanuiarangi na Whakatāne. <ref name="bio" /><ref>{{Cite web|title=Taiarahia Tai Black|url=https://www.komako.org.nz/person/75|accessdate=2023-07-04|work=Kōmako}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.maramatanga.co.nz/person/professor-taiarahia-black|title=Professor Taiarahia Black &#124; Ngā Pae o te Māramatanga|work=www.maramatanga.co.nz}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://teaomaori.news/interview-professor-taiarahia-black|title=An interview with Professor Taiarahia Black|work=Māori Television}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.rnz.co.nz/national/programmes/teahikaa/audio/2018674573/dr-taiarahia-black-on-whakatauki-maori-proverbial-sayings|title=Dr Taiarahia Black on whakataukī (Māori proverbial sayings)|date=7 December 2018|work=[[RNZ]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.rnz.co.nz/national/programmes/teahikaa/audio/2018655526/waiata-how-traditional-maori-knowledge-is-captured-in-song|title=Waiata: how traditional Māori knowledge is captured in song|date=27 July 2018|work=[[RNZ]]}}</ref> A họpụtara Black na kansụl nke Creative New Zealand <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://creativenz.govt.nz/About-Creative-NZ/Our-Council|title=Our Council|work=creativenz.govt.nz}}</ref> site n'aka Maggie Barry, Minista na-ahụ maka nka, ọdịbendị na ihe nketa.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.creativenz.govt.nz/news/new-arts-council-appointments|title=New Arts Council appointments &#124; Creative New Zealand}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://gazette.govt.nz/notice/id/2016-go4145|title=Reappointments / appointments to the Arts Council of New Zealand Toi Aotearoa Board - 2016-go4145 - New Zealand Gazette|work=gazette.govt.nz}}</ref> == Ọrụ ndị a họọrọ == * Pardo, Natalia, Hildalene Wilson, Jonathan N. Procter, Erica Lattughi, na Taiarahia Black. "Ịkwalite ihe ọmụma ụmụ amaala Maori na ọdịda anyanwụ geosciences iji belata nsogbu mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya na mpaghara mgbawa ugwu. " Journal of Applied Volcanology 4, no. 1 (2015): 5. * Christensen, Ian S., Taiarahia E. Black, Arohia E. Durie, Mason H. Durie. Eljon D. Fitzgerald, na Julia T. Taiapa. "Asụsụ Maori na Manawatu Whanganui Region: Nnyocha na Nkwurịta okwu nke Nchọpụta Mbụ Site na Nnyocha Ezinụlọ Te Hoe Nuku Roa. " He Pukenga Korero 2, No. 2 (2013). * McKinley, Sheridan A., Taiarahia E. Black, Ian S. Christensen, na Pare Richardson. "Toi te Kupu: Maori Language Resource Materials" He Pukenga Korero 3, no. 1 (2013). == Ndụ nkeonwe == Black bụ Māori, nke Ngāi Tūhoe, Te Whānau a Apanui, Te Arawa, Ngāti Tūwharetoa na nwa nwa Ngāi Te Rangi .Nwa nwoke Black bụ Otere Black na-egwu rugby ọkachamara.<ref name="bio">{{Cite web|url=http://www.massey.ac.nz/massey/learning/departments/school-maori-studies/staff/taiarahia-black.cfm|title=Taiarahia Black – Massey University|date=23 February 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130223034158/http://www.massey.ac.nz/massey/learning/departments/school-maori-studies/staff/taiarahia-black.cfm|archivedate=23 February 2013}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://web.archive.org/web/20130223034158/http://www.massey.ac.nz/massey/learning/departments/school-maori-studies/staff/taiarahia-black.cfm "Taiarahia Black – Massey University"]. 23 February 2013. Archived from [http://www.massey.ac.nz/massey/learning/departments/school-maori-studies/staff/taiarahia-black.cfm the original] on 23 February 2013.</cite></ref> .<ref name="a">{{Cite news|url=https://www.tvnz.co.nz/one-news/sport/other/its-everyday-battle-super-rugby-stars-brother-bravely-tells-p-addiction-life-spiralled-control-after-serious-injury|title='It's an everyday battle' – Super Rugby star's brother bravely tells of P addiction, how life spiralled out of control after serious injury|work=TVNZ}}</ref> == Edensibia == <references /> {{Reflist}} [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] a9umgwbseg2ms2d1jz94weqo1rau0t0 0 73649 644432 631463 2026-05-30T23:53:49Z Edozie Ojekwe 24584 Fixed Reference error 644432 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Sorley MacLean''' (Scottish Gaelic: Somhairle MacGill-Eain; 26 Ọktoba 1911 – 24 Nọvemba 1996) bụ onye Scotland na-ede uri Gaelic, nke ọ́bá akwụkwọ uri nke Scotland kọwara dịka "otu n'ime ndị bụ isi na Scotland na-ede uri nke oge a" n'ihi ịbụ "ọkachamara n'ụzọ nke ọ họọrọ iji ede uri nke ya nakwa mmekọrịta ọ na-enwe ya na ọdịbendị ide uri nke Europe na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Europena".<ref name="library">{{Cite web|title=Sorley MacLean|url=http://www.scottishpoetrylibrary.org.uk/poetry/poets/sorley-maclean|publisher=[[Scottish Poetry Library]]|accessdate=17 August 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180817225519/http://www.scottishpoetrylibrary.org.uk/poetry/poets/sorley-maclean|archivedate=17 August 2018}}</ref> Onye nrite Nobel Seamus Heaney na-ekwunyere MacLean dịka onye zọrọ uri Gaelic nke Scotland.<ref name="larach"/> A zụlitere ya n'ezinụlọ Presbyterian siri ike n'àgwàetiti Raasay, onye e mikpuru na omenala na akwụkwọ ọgụgụ Gaelic site na ọmụmụ, mana ọ hapụrụ okpukpe họrọ ọchịchị onye kwuo uche ya. Na ngwụcha afọ ndị 1930, ọ ghọrọ enyi ọtụtụ ndị wetara Mgbanwe na Scotland, dị ka Hugh MacDiarmid na Douglas Young. A merụrụ ya ahụ ugboro atọ mgbe ọ na-eje ozi na Royal Corps of Signals n'oge mkpọsa North Africa. MacLean bipụtara obere akwụkwọ mgbe agha ahụ gasịrị, n'ihi ọ bụ onye na-achọ izu oke n'ihe niile. N'afọ 1956, ọ ghọrọ onye isi ụlọ akwụkwọ praịmarị na Plockton High School, ebe ọ kwadoro iji asụsụ Gaelic na agụmakwụkwọ. N'ime uri ya, MacLean weere otu dowe n'ọnọdụ one ya n'etiti ihe ọdịnala Gaelic yana ihe ndị dị na Europe, na-ejikarị Highland Clearances tụnyere ihe ndị na-eme n'oge a, ọkachasị Agha Obodo Spain. Ọrụ ya bụ ngwakọta pụrụ iche nke ọdịnala na nke oge a nke a na-ekwu na o weghachịrị ọdịnala Gaelic n'ebe kwesịrị ekwesị ma mee ka asụsụ Gaelic dị ike ma ma dịkwa ọhụrụ. Ọ bụ ezie na e bipụtara ọrụ ya kachasị emetụta, Dáin do Eimhir yana An Cuilthionn, na 1943, MacLean aghọghị onye a ma ama ruo n'afọ ndị 1970, mgbe e bipụtara akwụkwọ ya na nsụgharị Bekee. Uri ya nke ikpeazụ bụ Hallaig, nke e bipụtara n'afọ 1954, nwetara "ọnọdụ ofufe" na mpụga ezi ndị na-asụ asụsụ Gaelic maka nnọchiteanya ya karịrị nke mmadụ nke obodo nta dị na Highland Clearances nke a na-enweghị ndị bi ya ma na-anọchite anya uri Scottish Gaelic niile n'echiche ndị na-asụ Bekee.{{R|Czech}} == Akụkọ ndụ == === Oge ọ malitere === A mụrụ MacLean na Òsgaig, Raasay na 26 Ọktoba 1911; Scottish Gaelic bụ asụsụ mbụ ya. Tupu ọ gawa akwụkwọ mgbe ọ dị afọ isii, ọ sụrụ asụsụ Bekee nwa ntakịrị .{{R|interview|page1=23}}Ọ bụ nwa nke abụọ n'ime ụmụ nwoke ise a mụụrụ Malcolm (1880–1951) yana Christina MacLean (1886–1974).{{R|Calum}} Ezinụlọ ahụ nwere obere ụlọ ubi dịpụrụ adịpụ, ma na-akwa ákwà, ma ha mechara hapụ ụlọ ubi ahụ kwaga n'ụlọ dị mma, nke bịara nye mkpata ego ha nsogbu mgbe a bịara nwee óké mbịatu akụnaụba n'ụwa niile nke metụtara azụmahịa ịkwa ákwà ha n'ebe ọ dị ukwuu.{{R|Hendry|page1=10}} Ụmụnne ya ndị nwoke bụ John (1910–1970), onye nkuzi ụlọ akwụkwọ na onye mechara bụrụ onye isi Oban High School, onye bụkwa onye na-afụ opi;{{R|Calum}}{{R|interview|page1=27}} Calum (1915–1960), onye na-ede akụkọ ifo na onye gụrụ ethnography a ma ama; na Alasdair (1918–1999) yana Norman (c.1917–c.1980), ndị ghọrọ ndị ọkaiwu. Ụmụnne Sorley ndị nwanyị obere abụọ, Isobel nah Mary, bụkwaara ndị nkụzi ụlọ akwụkwọ .{{R|childhood|Calum|rse}} Patronymic ya bụ Somhairle mac Chaluim 'ic Chaluim 'ic Iain 'ic Tharmaid 'ic Iain 'ic Tharmaid; o nweereghị Ike ịchọta agbụrụ ya kpọmkwem ruo n'ògbọ́ nke asatọ.{{R|family|page1=211}} N'ụlọ, ọ na-etinye aka na Omenala Gaelic na beul- Faithris (ọdịnala a kọrọ n'ọnụ), ọkachasị abụ ochie. Nne ya, onye Nicolson, ka a zụlitere na nso Portree, ọ bụ ezie na ezinụlọ ya sitere na Lochalsh; <ref name="library"/> <ref name="larach"/> ezinụlọ ya tinyererị aka na mkpọsa ndị Highland Land League mere maka ikike ndị mbịarambịa bi n'ụlọ ndị obodo.<ref name="alumnus">{{Cite web|title=Alumni in history: Sorley Maclean (1911–1996)|url=http://www.ed.ac.uk/alumni/services/notable-alumni/alumni-in-history/sorley-maclean|publisher=[[University of Edinburgh]]|accessdate=30 November 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151208092922/http://www.ed.ac.uk/alumni/services/notable-alumni/alumni-in-history/sorley-maclean|archivedate=8 December 2015}}</ref>{{R|landscape}} A zụlitere nna ya na Raasay, mana ezinụlọ ya sitere na North Uist na, tupu nke ahụ, ma eleghị anya há sí Mull.{{R|rse}}{{R|Hendry}} A chụpụrụ akụkụ abụọ nke ezinụlọ ahụ n'oge Highland Clearances, nke ọtụtụ ndị mmadụ nọ n'obodo ahụ ka na-echeta nke ọma.{{R|landscape}} Ma ezinụlọ nne ya ma nke nna ya nwechara ndị mmadụ ndị obodo ha weere na ha bara ụba, ma ọ bụ site na agụmakwụkwọ ma ọ bụ ihe ọmụma dị ukwuu banyere ọdịnala. <ref name="childhood">{{Cite web|url=http://www.sorleymaclean.org/english/childhood.htm|title=Life – A Raasay Childhood (1911–1929)|work=Sorley MacLean online|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130714132839/http://www.sorleymaclean.org/english/childhood.htm|archivedate=14 July 2013|accessdate=6 January 2018}}</ref>{{R|Hendry}} Ihe MacLean mụtara banyere akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Ndị Gael, ọkachasị nke Clearances, nwere mmetụta dị ukwuu na echiche ụwa ya na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị.{{R|landscape}} <sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 231">&#x200A;</span></sup> N'akụkụ nne ya, e nwere ndị na-agụ egwú atọ a ma ama, ndị na-afụ opi abụọ, na onye na-akụ egwú n'obodo. {{R|Hendry}} O kwuru na 'Onye kacha nwee ọgụgụ isi na no metụtara m bụ onye na-enwe obi abụọ na onye Socialist (nwanne nna m nwoke na Jordanhill, Alex Nicolson) '. Nicolson etinyelarị aka na ILP a ma tụọ ya mkpọrọ dị ka onye jụrụ n'ihi akọ na uche na WWI ma bụrụkwa onye ọkọ akụkọ ihe mere eme na ọkà mmụta Gaelic. Onye dị ịrịba ama bụ nne nna MacLean, Mary Matheson, onye a chụpụrụ ezinụlọ ya na Lochalsh na narị afọ nke iri na asatọ. Ruo mgbe ọ nwụrụ na 1923, ya na ezinụlọ ahụ biri ma kụziere MacLean ọtụtụ abụ ọdịnala sitere na Kintail na Lochalsh, yana Skye.<ref name="childhood"/>{{R|Hendry}} Dị ka nwatakịrị, MacLean na nwanne nne ya Peigi na-eme njem ịkụ azụ, onye kụziiri ya abụ ndị ọzọ.{{R|rse}} N'adịghị ka ndị ọzọ nọ n'ezinụlọ ya, MacLean enweghị ike ịbụ abụ, eziokwu ahụ bụ na ọ jikọtara ya na mkpali ya ide uri. {{R|open|obit}} <sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 17">&#x3A;&#x200A;17&#x200A;</span></sup><ref name="obit" />{{Cite news|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituary-sorley-maclean-1354307.html|title=Obituary: Sorley MacLean|date=26 November 1996|work=The Independent|accessdate=6 January 2018|author=Macrae|first=Alasdair}}</ref> === Okpukpe Calvin === [[Faịlụ:Recreation_ground_on_the_Isle_of_Raasay_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1476596.jpg|thumb|Akara ịdọ ndị mmadụ aka na ntị ka a ghara igwu egwuregwu n'ógbè egwuruegwu ahụ na Sọnde.]] A zụlitere MacLean na Free Presbyterian Church of Scotland, nke ọ kọwara dị ka "nke kachasị sie ike nke Calvinist fundamentalism".<ref>{{Cite journal|author=MacLean|first=Sorley|title=Hallaig|journal=[[PN Review]]|date=1 November 1994|volume=21|issue=2|url=https://www.proquest.com/openview/be7e3ba14ab11e3e57c8ff9443ef793c/1?pq-origsite=gscholar&cbl=1817849}}</ref> Calvinism kụziri na Chineke ga-azọpụta obere akụkụ nke ihe a kpọrọ mmadụ, bụ ndị a họọrọ, ebe imirikiti ndị ọzọ bụ ndị mmehie dị n'okike mmadụ mara ikpe ịla n'iyi. Naanị pasent ise nke ndị ọgbakọ ahụ na-eri oriri nsọ; a na-ewere ndị fọdụrụnụ dị ka naanị "ndị na-eso ụzọ" bụ ndị nwere ike ịbụ ndị a kara akara maka mmekpa ahụhụ ebighi ebi na ọkụ mmụọ. Ndị Free Presbyterians kwenyere na Free Church dị oke nwayọọ, ma ya fọdụkwa Chọọchị Scotland. Ha machibidoro ụdị ntụrụndụ ọ bụla na Ụbọchị Izu Ike, mana ha nwere ọdịnala bara ọgaranya nke ịbụ Abụ ọma na-enweghị ngwa égwú na-eso ya. {{R|open}} <sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 17">&#x200A;</span></sup>{{R|displacement}} MacLean mechara kwuo na ọ gbahapụla okpukpe nakwuru ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị socialism mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na abụọ,{{R|open}} ebe ọ bụ na ọ jụrụ ikwere naọtụtụ ndị mmadụ ka dowere maka mbibi ebighị ebi.{{R|landscape}} N'afọ 1941, o dere na "eleghị anya ndọrọ mmụọ m nke ịmata ihe kpatara enweghị óbị aṅụrị, agaghị n'iru, ndị a na-akpagbu si na nke a."<ref>{{Cite book|author=Watson|first=Roderick|editor=Kendall|title=The Oxford Handbook of British and Irish War Poetry|date=2009|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-174351-1|chapterurl=https://www.oxfordhandbooks.com/view/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199559602.001.0001/oxfordhb-9780199559602|chapter='Death's Proletariat': Scottish Poets of the Second World War}}</ref> Ọnọdụ ikwenye na nke na-adịchaghị mma nke ọdịnala Calvinist nwere mmetụta dị ukwuu na ka o si ahụ ụwa, ọ nagidekwara echiche "adịghị ihe o ji akụnaụba na ikike nke uwà kpọrọ".<ref name="larach">{{Cite news|title=20mh linn– Am Bàrd: Somhairle MacGill-Eain|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/alba/foghlam/larachnambard/poets/somhairle_macgilleain/am_bard/|accessdate=17 August 2018|work=[[BBC Alba]] – Làrach nam Bàrd|language=gd}}</ref>{{R|open}} Ka e mesịrị na ndụ ya, ọ bịara na-ahụta chọọchị na okpukpe n'ụzọ n'agbagwoju anya. N'agbanyeghị na ọ katọrọ mbịatu nke chọọchị Presbyterian na-abịatu abụ Gaelic, egwu ọdịnala Scotland, ná ọdịnala a na-akọ n'ọnụ, yana mmetụta n'ụzọ dị njọ nke nkuzi ụka na-enwe n'ụfọdụ òtù ndị mmadụ ọkachasị ụmụ nwanyị, Prọfesọ Donald Meek <small>([[:gd:An t-Ollamh Dòmhnall Meek|gd]])</small> dere na oge ụfọdụ MacLean na-adị ka ọ na-achịkọta echiche liberation theology ọnụ.<ref name="larach" /> [[John MacInnes (Gaelic scholar)|John MacInnes]] arụọla ụka na ọzụzụ evangelical Presbyterian ya nwere nhuku dị nnukwu mkpa na nhọrọ ya nke Gaelic dịka ụzọ ọ ga-esi dee uri ya na òtù ọ ga-esi gosipụta ya. MacLean nọ na-agbachitere chọọchị Free Presbyterian megide ndị na-eguzogide ya ndị maara ya naanị nke ntà,{{R|open|hobit}} otu mgbe na-akọwa ndị okenye nke chọọchị Free Presbyterian dịka "ndị dị n'ụdị ndị nsọ, ndị mmadụ nkịtị dị n'ụdị ndị nsọ".{{R|family}} Mgbe ụfọdụ, ọ na-arịgọ uri ya olu ka ọ ghara ịkpasu ndị okpukpe n'ezinụlọ ya iwe.{{R|Easter}} Ọ nọkwa na-enwe obi añụrị site n'ụdị ọnụ mmiri okwu yana nakwa nke gosipụtara inwe ọgụgụ isi na inwe nkepụta nke okwuchukwu ndị Protestant na Gaelic.{{R|family}} Asụsụ ya gbasara agbasa, ụtọ asụsụ dị elu, na ikpalị inwe ọnụnụ-ọkụ n'obi nke okwuchukwu ndị a nwere mmetụta pụtara ìhè na ka o si ede uri.{{R|open}}{{R|landscape}} === Afọ ndị 1930 === Ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ na Raasay Primary School ya na Portree Secondary School . <ref name="childhood"/><ref name="larach"/> N'afọ 1929, ọ hapụrụ ụlọ ya ịga Mahadum Edinburgh . <ref name="larach" /> N'ihi ihe gbasara akụ na ụba, ọ họọrọ ịmụ Akwụkwọ ọgụgụ Bekee kama ịmụ akwụkwọ Celtic, mkpebi o mechara kwaa ụta "n'ihi na enwere m mmasị naanị na uri, bụkwa naanị na ụfọdụ uri na e kwuwe ya " Ọ kpọsiri onye isi ngalaba Bekee, Herbert Grierson asị ike, onye na-eme ndị na-ede uri dị iche iche ọfụma karịa MacLean; MacLean bịakwara na-eche na Grierson tinyere mmasị ya na ngalaba ahụ.<ref name="university">{{Cite web|title=University Days|url=http://www.sorleymaclean.org/english/university.htm|publisher=The Sorley MacLean Trust|accessdate=18 August 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170501000345/http://www.sorleymaclean.org/english/university.htm|archivedate=1 May 2017}}</ref>{{R|open|rse}} A kọwawo ọrụ agụmakwụkwọ MacLean dị ka naanị "ihe na-adịghị mma".{{R|contexts}} Mgbe ọ nọ na Edinburgh, MacLean gakwara klas na Ngalaba Celtic, mgbe ahụ n'okpuru William J. Watson.{{R|rse}} Ọ na-etinye aka n'òtù ndị na-ede akwụkwọ, na-egwuri egwu ya na ndị òtù shinty nke mahadum, ma, dị ka ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ nwere ọgụgụ isi na Britain n'otu oge ahụ, ọ bụ onye na-akwado Soviet ma, ọ bụ ezie na ọ dịghị mgbe ọ bụ onye òtù ha, ọ na-eso ha dị ka "onye njem" na Communist Party of Great Britain.<ref name="alumnus"/><ref name="university" /> MacLean mechara kọwaa otu oge ọ sonyeere ngagharị iwe e mere megide Sir Oswald Mosley, onye ndú nke British Union of Fascists.{{R|hobit}} Dị ka Onye ọkà mmụta Celtic bụ Emma Dymock si kwuo, agụmakwụkwọ MacLean na Edinburgh gbasara ọhụụ ya nke ọma, obodo ahụ kwa n'onwe ya dị mkpa na ndụ ya.<ref name="alumnus" /> Mgbe ọ nọ na Edinburgh, ọ hụkwara ịda ogbenye n'obodo nke ukwu, ebe ndị dịkasịrị njọ ibi ebi, na ọtụtụ ọnụ ọgụgụ mmadụ n'otu ebe, nke dịkwuru njọ karịsịa n'ihi Oké Ndakpọ Akụ̀ na Ụba na-aga n'ihu.{{R|displacement}} Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na 1933 nweta akara ugo mmụta mbụ, ọ nọgidere na Edinburgh ma gụọ akwụkwọ na Moray House Teachers' Training College, ebe ọ zutere Hugh MacDiarmid.{{R|open|rse}}<ref name="university" /> [[Faịlụ:Ardmore_-_geograph.org.uk_-_108466.jpg|áká_èkpè|thumb|Mkpọmkpọ ebe nke ụlọ nkume dị na Mull]] N'afọ 1934, ọ laghachiri Skye ịkụzi asụsụ Bekee na Portree High School . <ref name="larach"/><ref name="alumnus"/> Mgbe Agha Obodo Spain tiwapụrụ na 1936, ọ tụlere inye onwe ya ịlụ ọgụ na International Brigades; dị ka nwa ya nwanyị si kwuo, ọ gaara aga ma ọ bụrụ na ọ bụghị maka ịda ogbenye nke ezinụlọ ya na ọrụ nke ya dị ka onye na-elekọta ha.<ref name="larach" /> N'oge ahụ, nne ya na-arịa ọrịa siri ike ebe azụmahịa nna ya na-ada ada.<ref name="world">{{Cite web|title=Out of Skye to the World (1934–1943)|url=http://www.sorleymaclean.org/english/from_skye.htm|publisher=The Sorley MacLean Trust|accessdate=18 August 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141223235700/http://www.sorleymaclean.org/english/from_skye.htm|archivedate=23 December 2014}}</ref> Na Jenụwarị 1938, MacLean natara ọkwa nkuzi na Tobermory High School na Isle of Mull, ebe ọ nọrọ ruo Disemba.<ref name="world" />{{R|day}} Afọ ọ nọrọ na Mull nwere mmetụta dị ukwuu n'ebe ọ nọ, n'ihi na Mull ka bibiri ebibi site Highland Clearances nke mere na narị afọ nke iri na itoolu, n'oge a chụpụrụ ndị nna nna MacLean.{{R|Czech}} MacLean mechara kwuo, "Ekwenyere m na Mull nwere ọtụtụ ihe jikọrọ ya na uri m: ịma mma ya, nke dị nnọọ iche na nke Skye, na ajọ akara nke oghere dị na ya, mere ka ọ bụrụ ihe a na-apụghị ịnagide nye onye Gael. "O kwenyere na fascism nwere ike imeri na Europe, ọ nwetakwara nkụda mmụọ site na ọdịda na-aga n'ihu nke asụsụ Gaelic. {{R|day}}<ref name="world" />{{R|interview}} <sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 29">&#x3A;&#x200A;29&#x200A;</span></sup>{{R|landscape}} N'agbata afọ 1939 na 1941, ọ kụziri na Boroughmuir High School na Edinburgh, yana na Hawick.<ref name="larach"/><ref name="alumnus"/> N'oge a, o dere ọtụtụ n'ime uri ndị ga-aghọ Dáin do Eimhir, gụnyere An Cuilthionn. MacLean metara ndị na-ede uri Scottish Renaissance enyi, gụnyere MacDiarmid, Robert Garioch, Norman MacCaig, Douglas Young, na George Campbell Hay.{{R|contexts|rse}} : 4 <ref name="rse">{{Cite web|author=Gillies|first=William|title=Sorley MacLean|url=https://www.rse.org.uk/cms/files/fellows/obits_alpha/maclean_sorley.pdf|publisher=[[Royal Society of Edinburgh]]|accessdate=21 August 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180821093901/https://www.rse.org.uk/cms/files/fellows/obits_alpha/maclean_sorley.pdf|archivedate=21 August 2018}}</ref> MacLean, onye bụkwa ọkọ akụkọ ihe mere eme a ma ama, bipụtara akwụkwọ abụọ nwere mmetụta na uri Gaelic nke narị afọ nke iri na itoolu na Transactions of the Gaelic Society of Inverness [gd] n'afọ 1938 na 1939, nke mara echiche Celtic Twilight nke Akwụkwọ ọgụgụ Scottish Gaelic aka. MacLean boro "Celtic Twilightists" ebubo na ha "na-ekwu na abụ Gaelic bụ ihe megidere àgwà ọ bụla ọ nwere n'ezie", ma kwuo na nkwupụta ha nwere ihe ịga nke ọma naanị n'ihi na Twilightists na-egbo mkpa nke naanị ndị na-asụ Bekee. O kwuru na àgwà doro anya nke ile anya n'ihu ya na mmetụta nke enweghị ike n'ime uri ndị dị ndụ banyere Highland Clearances nwere ike ịbụ n'ihi eziokwu ahụ bụ na ndị nwe ala Anglo-Scottish agaaraghị anabata uri nke na-akatọ ha n'ihu ọha.{{R|historian}} Ojiji o ji uri Gaelic mee ihe dị ka ihe nwere ike ịbụ isi nnweta ihe maka ọmụmụ akụkọ ihe mere eme bụkwa ihe ọhụrụ n'oge ahụ.{{R|historian}} === Ndụ ya ka e mesịrị === [[Faịlụ:Plockton_-_geograph.org.uk_-_8277.jpg|áká_èkpè|thumb|Ọdịdị ile anya Plockton n'afọ 1971]] N'afọ 1956, e nyere MacLean ọkwa onye isi nkuzi nke Plockton High School na Wester Ross, na-adịghị anya site n'ebe ezinụlọ nne nna ya bi. Ọ bụ ọrụ siri ike ebe ọ bụ na ebe áhu dịpụrụ adịpụ adịghị adọrọ mmasị ndị na-achọ ịbụ ndị nkuzi, MacLean na-akụzi ihe ugboro ugboro n'ihi oghere ndị pụtara.<ref name="Plockton">{{Cite web|title=Plockton (1956–1969)|url=http://www.sorleymaclean.org:80/english/plockton.htm|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130118051410/http://www.sorleymaclean.org/english/plockton.htm|archivedate=18 January 2013|publisher=The Sorley MacLean Trust|accessdate=19 August 2018|date=18 January 2013}}</ref> Mgbe ọ nọ na Plockton, ọ kwalitere ojiji nke agụmakwụkwọ Scottish Gaelic ma mee mkpọsa maka ule Highers maka ndị na-amụ Gaelic.{{R|Czech}} Tupu 1968, enweghi ule dị iche maka ndị na-amụ Gaelic, ndị ga-asọ mpi ha na ndị na-asụ asụsụ amaala ma ọ bụrụ na ha aga Gaelic Highers. MacLean chere na iwu a na-ezighị ezi mere ka ọtụtụ ụmụ akwụkwọ ghara ịmụ asụsụ Gaelic, ọ bụ ezie na ọ gbara ụmụ akwụkwọ ya ume ka ha lee ule ahụ ọbụlagodi na ha abụghị ndị na-asụ asụsụ.{{R|interview}} N'afọ 1966, o nyere akwụkwọ na Gaelic Society of Inverness na-akọwa okwu ndị a na-ahụ anya na-emetụta agụmakwụkwọ Gaelic. MacLean kwuru na na kọntinent Europe, ọ bụghị ihe a na-adịghị ahụkarị mmadụ ịmụ asụsụ atọ ma ọ bụ anọ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ. Dị ka MacLean si kwuo, ụmụaka Scotland ga-erite uru site n'ịmụ asụsụ atọ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ na asụsụ Bekee kwa, na "n'ezie ọ pụtaghị ịtụ anya oke ịhụ mba n'anya nke Gaelic iji chọọ ka Gaelic bụrụ otu n'ime atọ ahụ?" <ref name="Plockton" /> MacLean setịpụrụ atụmanya agụmakwụkwọ dị elu maka ụmụ akwụkwọ ya ma kwalite shinty; na 1965, ndị òtù egwuruegwu Plockton meriri iko maka Ross na Cromarty.[vii]{{R|hobit}}<ref name="Plockton" /> Ọtụtụ ndị enyi na ndị ọbịa MacLean kwuru maka ihe ọmụma ya dị egwu na mmasị ya miri emi na usoro ọmụmụ na akụkọ ihe mere eme obodo.{{R|two|hobit}} Ọ gara n'ihu na-ekere òkè na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, mesịa sonye na Scottish Labour Party.{{R|hobit}} N'ime afọ ndị ikpeazụ ya, o bipụtara uri ole na ole n'ihi "nchegbu ya banyere ịdị mma na izi ezi karịa ọnụ ọgụgụ"; ọrụ ezinụlọ ya na ọrụ ya hapụụrụ ya obere oge iji dee.{{R|two|Plockton}}{{R|contexts}} MacLean kwuru na ọ gbara uri ya o dere ọkụ kama ibipụta ya n'ihi "ọtụtụ afọ nke nkuzi ụlọ akwụkwọ na oriri ahụ nke echiche abụ na-agaghị ekwe omume"{{R|university|library}} Mgbe ọ lara ezumike nká na 1972, MacLean kwagara n'ụlọ nne nne nna ya na Peinnachorrain na Braes na Skye, na-enwe echiche banyere Sound of Raasay, ebe ọ zụlitere ifuru roses ma na-eme ihe mkpaọchị ugboro ugboro.{{R|harvest|hobit}} Mgbe e bipụtara uri ya n'asụsụ Bekee, a malitere chọwa ya n'ụwa niile maka ịgụ uri, nke mere na ọ gara ebe ndị dị ka Rotterdam, Baddeck Cape Breton, na Berlin.{{R|contexts|irish|harvest}} MacLean bụ onye edemede bi na Mahadum nke Edinburgh site na 1973 ruo 1975,<ref name="library"/><ref name="alumnus"/> ebe a kọrọ na ọ na-emeghe ọnụ ụzọ ma na-anabata ndị na-ede uri Gaelic.{{R|MC}} Ka e mesịrị, ọ bụ onye filidh nke abụọ na Sabhal Mòr Ostaig, mahadum Gaelic-medium dị na Skye, site na 1975 ruo 1976. <ref name="library" /> <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.stornowaygazette.co.uk/arts-and-culture/sir-iain-noble-memorial-lecture-recalls-life-poet-sorley-maclean-2119579|title=Sir Iain Noble Memorial Lecture recalls life of poet Sorley MacLean|work=[[Stornoway Gazette]]|date=26 November 2016|accessdate=22 January 2023}}</ref> O sonyere n'ịtọ ntọala ụlọ agụmakwụkwọ ahụ ma rụọkwa ọrụ na bọọdụ ya.<ref name="lecture" />N'afọ 1993, nwa ya nwanyị Catrìona nwụrụ mgbe ọ dị afọ iri anọ na otu; MacLean na nwunye ya nyeere aka ịzụlite ụmụ ya atọ. Onye na-ede uri ahụ nwụrụ ọnwụ chi ya n'ụbọchị iri abụọ na anọ n'ọnwa Nọvemba n'afọ 1996, mgbe ọ dị afọ iri asatọ na ise, n'ụlọ ọgwụ Raigmore dị na Inverness.<ref name="obit"/>  {{Queen's Gold Medal for Poetry}} == Ihe nrite na Nkwanye Ùgwù == Na June 1987, MacLean ghọrọ onye nweere onwe ya mbụ nke Skye na Lochalsh. <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=k0w1AAAAIBAJ&sjid=WqYLAAAAIBAJ&pg=6492%2C3887212|title=Freedom of Skye|work=The Glasgow Herald|date=15 June 1987|page=3|accessdate=15 December 2016}}</ref> Ọ natara nzere nsọpụrụ asaa. Ugboro abụọ, ọ bụ onye isi nsọpụrụ nke Gaelic Society of Inverness, na 1970 na 1982; e mere ya onye isi nsọpụrụ nke òtù Saltire Society na 1985. <ref name="awards">{{Cite web|title=Distinctions and honours|url=http://www.sorleymaclean.org/english/distinctions_honours.htm|publisher=The Sorley MacLean Trust|accessdate=20 August 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190115100750/http://www.sorleymaclean.org/english/distinctions_honours.htm|archivedate=15 January 2019}}</ref> N'afọ 1989, ọ ghọrọ onye òtù Royal Society of Literature. N'afọ sochirinụ, a kpọrọ ya onye mbụ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Mahadum nke Edinburgh nke Afọ ahụ, ma nye ya ihe nrite ọla edo nke Queen maka ide uri.<ref name="alumnus"/><ref name="library"/><ref name="larach"/> ''O Choille gu Bearradh'' bụ Saltire Society Scottish Book of the Year maka afọ 1990, MacLean merikwara ihe nrite McVitie's maka onye edemede Scotland nke afọ ahụ. <ref name="awards" /> Ọ ghọrọ onye òtù Educational Institute of Scotland na 1991, onye òtù Royal Society of Edinburgh na 1992, onye òtù nsọpụrụ Royal Incorporation of Architects na Scotland na 1996, na onye na-akwanyere ùgwù nke Royal Scottish Academician n'otu afọ ahụ.<ref name="awards" /> A họpụtara ya maka Ihe nrite Nobel na edemede na 1992; a tụwo aro na ọ gaara emeri ma ọ bụrụ na o deghị ya n'asụsụ a na-adịghị ahụkebe. <ref name="irish">{{Cite news|title=Death of poet Sorley MacLean|url=https://www.irishtimes.com/news/death-of-poet-sorley-maclean-1.109449|date=25 November 1996|work=The Irish Times|accessdate=18 August 2018}}</ref>{{R|saviour|review}} A na-echeta MacLean site na nkume dị na Makars' Court, n'èzí Ọ́bankà ndị odee, Lawnmarket, Edinburgh, nke Iain Crichton Smith kpughere na 1998.<ref name="Makars' Court">{{Cite web|title=Makars' Court|url=https://www.edinburghmuseums.org.uk/venue/makars-court|work=Museums and Galleries Edinburgh|date=16 November 2017|accessdate=17 August 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180818021000/https://www.edinburghmuseums.org.uk/venue/makars-court|archivedate=18 August 2018}}</ref> == Ihe Ncheta == Hugh MacDiarmid degaara MacLean akwụkwọ ozi n'afọ 1977, otu afọ tupu ọnwụ ya, na-ekwu na ya na MacLean bụ ndị Scotland kacha mma n'ide uri na narị afọ nke iri abụọ. <ref name="library"/> MacDiarmid na MacLean nwere mmetụta n'ọrụ ibe ha ma nọgide na-ederịta akwụkwọ ozi dị ukwuu nke e bipụtara.<ref>{{Cite web|title=The Correspondence Between Hugh MacDiarmid and Sorley MacLean: An Annotated Edition|url=https://global.oup.com/academic/product/the-correspondence-between-hugh-macdiarmid-and-sorley-maclean-9780748639809?cc=us&lang=en&|publisher=Oxford University Press|accessdate=17 August 2018|date=8 April 2010}}</ref> Douglas Young dere na "abụ uri kachasị mma e dere n'ọgbọ anyị na British Isles bụ na Scottish Gaelic, site n'aka Sorley MacLean." John MacInnes kpọrọ ya "onye edemede na-ede dịka onye majie", onye "[kpaliri] Gaelic ruo n'ókè ya".{{R|Eerde}} O kwuru na ọ bụ "ihe ijuanya n'ezie" na Gaelic, nke dị obere ogologo oge, nwere ike ịmepụta onye edemede dị ka MacLean, onye na-enweghị ike ikwupụta ihe ọ ga-ekwu n'asụsụ ọ bụla ọzọ: "Somhairle MacGill-Eain chọrọ Gaelic, Gaelic achọọkwa Somhairle MacGall-Eain".{{R|MacInnes}} Dị ka Iain Crichton Smith, onye ntụgharị nke uri MacLean si kwuo, Dáin do Eimhir bụ "akwụkwọ Gaelic kachasị ukwuu nke narị afọ a", nnyocha nke Christopher Whyte kwenyere na ya.{{R|thesis}} Dị ka Maoilios Caimbeul si kwuo, MacLean bụ onye na-ede uri Scottish Gaelic kachasị mma n'oge niile.{{R|MC}} Smith jiri ọdịdị nke uri ịhụnanya MacLean tụnyere nke Catallus na William Butler Yeats. Onye nwetara ihe nrite Nobel Seamus Heaney kwuru na MacLean "zọpụtara uri Gaelic... maka oge niile".<ref name="larach"/> Mgbe ọ na-ekweta uru edemede nke ọrụ MacLean bara, Whyte tụrụ aro na ọ bụ ihe mwute na n'afọ ndị 1980 ọ nọchiri anya uri Scottish Gaelic niile n'ụwa ndị na-asụ Bekee. Dị ka Whyte si kwuo, uri MacLean bụ "nke na-abụghị nke Gaelic, dị n'ụdị nke ndị ọkachamara naanị kama ịdị n'ụdị nke ọhaneze, na nke bụ ihe siri ike nghọta ma e wepụ naanị obodo nke na-eji asụsụ ahụ na ndụ ya kwa ụbọchị".{{R|thesis}} MacInnes kwetara na MacLean anaghị egbo mkpa ndị na-agụ ya; Otú ọ dị, n'echiche nke ya, ọ ga-abụ ihe na-ezighi ezi ịkpọ abụ ahụ nke dị n'ụdị nke ndị ọkachamara naanị n'ihi "ezi obi ya", na-ekwu "n'ụzọ na-emetụta uche na ike dị mfe".{{R|MacInnes}} Ihe siri ike bụ na usoro ọdịnala nke uri Gaelic bụ abụ, ọtụtụ ndị na-asụ ya nke ọma enweghị nkà ịgụ ya nke ọma.{{R|thesis}} <ref>{{Cite web|author=Mathieson|first=Kenny|title=Blas 2011: Hallaig, A Musical Celebration of Sorley MacLean|date=19 September 2011|url=http://northings.com/2011/09/19/hallaig-a-musical-celebration-of-sorley-maclean/|accessdate=18 August 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180818115349/http://northings.com/2011/09/19/hallaig-a-musical-celebration-of-sorley-maclean/|archivedate=18 August 2018}}</ref> Na mgbalị iji mee ka ndị na-asụ Scottish Gaelic nwee ike ịnweta ọrụ MacLean, Sorley MacLean Trust nyere ọtụtụ ndị na-agụ egwú ikike ka ha tinye ụfọdụ n'ime uri MacLean na egwu. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Hallaig – A Celebration of Sorley MacLean|url=http://www.thesorleymacleantrust.org.uk/english/files/press-release.pdf|publisher=Urras Shomhairle – The Sorley MacLean Trust|accessdate=18 August 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180818115357/http://www.thesorleymacleantrust.org.uk/english/files/press-release.pdf|archivedate=18 August 2018}}</ref> {{R|MC}} [[File:Runrig_concert,_Inverness,_Aug_2012.jpg|thumb|MacLean gụrụ uri ya otu oge na emume ngosi egwu Runrig.]] N'ime ụwa ndị na-asụ Gaelic, mmetụta MacLean agbasaala ma na-adịgide adịgide. Onye na-ede uri Aonghas MacNeacail malitere ide ihe n'asụsụ Bekee, n'ihi na "agụmakwụkwọ m mere ka m kwere na akwụkwọ ọgụgụ n'asụsụ Gaelic anwụọla"; o nyere MacLean otuto maka ime ka o kwenye ma kpalie ya ide ihe n'asụsụ Gaelic. Ndị òtù egwu rọk nke Gaelic bụ Runrig kpọrọ MacLean n'otu oge ka ọ bịa n'elu ikpo okwu maka ịgụ uri.{{R|saviour}} Otú ọ dị, MacLean nwere mmetụta dị nta n'imeobodo ndị na-asụ asụsụ Gaelic n'ime ime obodo. Onye na-ede akwụkwọ akụkọ Angus Peter Campbell dere na ọ họọrọ ọrụ nke ndị Uist bards nke obodo karịa nke MacLean, na o kwekwara na ndị Uist ndị ọzọ nwere otu mmetụta ahụ.{{R|thesis}} Onye Australia na-ede uri Les Murray kwetara na mmetụta MacLean nwere n'ọrụ ya.{{R|contexts}} Timothy Neat mere ihe nkiri, Hallaig, na 1984, gụnyere mkparịta ụka nke MacLean banyere mmetụta kachasị na uri ya, na nkọwa nke Smith na Heaney mere, na akụkụ dị ukwuu sitere na uri na ọrụ ya ndị ọzọ, yana ihe ndị sitere na abụ Gaelic. {{R|Birt}} Uri ahụ bụkwa akụkụ nke okwu dị n'abụ nke ihe ngosi opéra nke Peter Maxwell Davies mere, The Jacobite Rising; <ref>{{Cite book|author=McGregor|first=Richard|title=Perspectives on Peter Maxwell Davies|date=2017|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-351-55435-0|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yS4rDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA90|language=en}}</ref> na ọgụgụ MacLean n'onwe ya nke ya n'asụsụ Bekee na n'asụsụ Gaelic ka Martyn Bennett gosipụtara na album ya Bothy Culture maka egwu na-aza otu aha ahụ. <ref>{{Cite news|title=Obituary: Martyn Bennett|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/obituary-martyn-bennett-1528367.html|accessdate=17 August 2018|work=The Independent}}</ref> Arụmụka malitere n'afọ 2000, mgbe John MacLeod, onyeisi agbụrụ MacLeod، tinyere ugwu Black Cuillin nke Skye n'ahịa iji nweta ego maka nrụzi nke Dunvegan Castle. Ụlọ ọrụ ya na-ahụ maka ụlọ, Savills, jiri ihe ndị sitere na An Cuilthionn kpọsaa ihe onwunwe ahụ. Ọtụtụ ndị mmadụ chọpụtara na nke a bụ ojiji na-ekwesịghị ekwesị nke ọrụ MacLean. Savills rịọrọ mgbaghara n'enweghị mgbochi, nke Renee MacLean nabatara.<ref>{{Cite web|author=MacQueen|first=H.|title=(86) Sorley Maclean, copyright and the sale of mountains|url=http://www.sln.law.ed.ac.uk/1998/11/27/86-sorley-maclean-copyright-and-the-sale-of-mountains/|work=Scots Law News|date=27 November 1998|accessdate=30 August 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180830174119/http://www.sln.law.ed.ac.uk/1998/11/27/86-sorley-maclean-copyright-and-the-sale-of-mountains/|archivedate=30 August 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|author=Ross|first=David|title=Cuillins seller apologises to poet's family; Use of Sorley Maclean's poem in advertising literature 'not appropriate'|url=https://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-23820298.html|work=[[The Herald (Glasgow)|The Herald]]|date=12 October 2000}}</ref> == Ọrụ ndị a họọrọ == ; Nchịkọta abụ {{refbegin}} *{{cite book|title=17 Songs for 6d|last1=MacLean|first1=Sorley|first2=Robert|last2= Garioch|author-link2=Robert Garioch|location= Edinburgh|publisher=Chalmers Press|date=1940|language=gd, sco}} * {{cite book |last1=MacGhill-Eathain |first1=Somhairle |title=Dàin do Eimhir agus Dàin Eile |date=1943 |publisher=William Maclellan |location=Glasgow |language=gd|oclc=1040951021}} * {{cite book |last1=MacLean |first1=Sorley |last2=Hay |first2=George Campbell |author-link2=George Campbell Hay |last3=Neill |first3=William|author-link3=William Neill (poet) |last4=MacGregor |first4=Stuart|author-link4=Stuart MacGregor (writer) |title=Four Points of a Saltire |date=1970 |publisher=Reprographia |location=Edinburgh |language=en, sco, gd|oclc= 654353907}} *{{cite book |last1=MacLean |first1=Sorley |editor1-last=Smith |editor1-first=Iain Crichton |editor1-link=Iain Crichton Smith |title=Poems to Eimhir |date=1971 |publisher=Gollancz |isbn=978-0-575-00746-8 |location=London |language=en}} *{{cite book |last5=MacAulay |first5=Donald |author-link5=Donald MacAulay|last1=MacLean |first1=Sorley |last2=Hay |first2=George Campbell|last4=Thomson |first4=Derick|author-link4=Derick Thomson |last3=Smith |first3=Iain Crichton|editor1-last=MacAulay |editor1-first=Donald |title=Modern Scottish Gaelic Poems: Nua-Bhàrdachd Ghàidhlig |date=1976 |publisher=Southside|location=Edinburgh|isbn=978-0-8112-0631-0 |language=en, gd}} *{{cite book|last1=MacLean|first1=Sorley|title=Reothairt is Conntràigh / Spring Tide and Neap Tide, 1932-72|location=Edinburgh|publisher=[[Canongate Books]]|date=1977|language=en, gd|isbn=978-0-903937-15-3|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/reothairtiscontr0000macg}} *{{cite book |last1=MacLean |first1=Sorley |title=O Choille gu Bearradh: Collected Poems in Gaelic and English |date=1989 |publisher=Carcanet |location=Manchester |language=en, gd|isbn=978-0-85635-844-9}} *{{cite book |last1=MacGill-Eain |first1=Somhairle |editor1-last=Whyte |editor1-first=Christopher |editor1-link=Christopher Whyte |title=Dàin do Eimhir / Poems to Eimhir |date=2002 |publisher=[[Association for Scottish Literary Studies]] |location=Glasgow |isbn=978-0-948877-50-6 |language=en, gd}} *{{cite book |last1=MacGill-Eain |first1=Somhairle |editor1-last=Whyte |editor1-first=Christopher |title=An Cuilithionn 1939: The Cuillin 1939 and Unpublished Poems |date=2011 |publisher=Association for Scottish Literary Studies |location=Glasgow |isbn=978-1-906841-03-4 |language=en, gd}} * {{cite book |last1=MacLean |first1=Sorley|title=Caoir Gheal Leumraich / White Leaping Flame: Collected Poems in Gaelic with English Translations |editor1-last=Whyte |editor1-first=Christopher |editor2-first=Emma|editor2-last= Dymock|location= Edinburgh|publisher= Polygon|date= 2011|language=en, gd|isbn=978-1-84697-190-7}} {{refend}} ; Nkatọ nke akwụkwọ ya {{Authority control}} === Ihe Ndị Edeturu === === Ebe e si Nweta ihe ndị e dere n'akwụkwọ === {{Queen's Gold Medal for Poetry}} == Njikọ mpụga == {{Scottish Gaelic literature}}{{Authority control}} * Isiokwu na-akọwapụta okwu Heaney kwuru banyere ederede ''{{Lang|gd|Hallaig}}'' na MacLean. * Sorley Maclean's Island E debere ya na Wayback Machine zuru oke na Scottish Screen Archived. * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230416052332/https://www.arts.gla.ac.uk/STELLA/STARN/lang/GAELIC/maclean.htm Akwụkwọ na-atụle nsụgharị Scots nke Young nke uri MacLean]. == Ịgụrụ Gawa == * [[John MacInnes (Gaelic scholar)|John MacInnes]] (1975), Sorley Maclean's "Hallaig": a note, in Burnett, Ray (ed.), ''Calgacus'' 2, Summer 1975, pp. 29 - 32, &nbsp;  * {{Cite journal|author=Devlin|first=Brendan P.|year=1977|title=On Sorley MacLean|journal=[[Lines Review]]|issn=0459-4541|volume=61|issue=June|pages=5–19}} * {{Cite journal|author=Herdman|first=John|year=1977|title=The Poetry of Sorley MacLean: a non-Gael's view.|journal=[[Lines Review]]|volume=61|issue=June|pages=25–36|issn=0459-4541}} * [[John MacInnes (Gaelic scholar)|MacInnes, John]] (1981), A Radically Traditional Voice: Sorley Maclean and the Evangelical Background, na Murray, Glen (ed.), ''Cencrastus'' No. 7, Winter 1981 - 82, peeji nke 14 - 17.&nbsp; * {{Cite book|editor=Campbell|title=Somhairle – Dàin is Deilbh. A Celebration on the 80th Birthday of Sorley MacLean|location=Stornoway|publisher=Acair|date=1991|isbn=978-0-86152-900-1}} * {{Cite book|author=Thomson|first=Derick|authorlink=Derick Thomson|date=1994|title=The Companion to Gaelic Scotland|location=Glasgow|publisher=[[Gairm]]|isbn=978-0-631-12502-0}} <ref name=interview>{{cite journal |first1=Angus |last1=Nicolson |author-link=Aonghas MacNeacail |title=An Interview with Sorley MacLean |journal=Studies in Scottish Literature |year=1979 |volume=14 |issue=1 |pages=23–36 |url=https://scholarcommons.sc.edu/ssl/vol14/iss1/4/ |issn=0039-3770 |access-date=22 August 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190804215530/https://scholarcommons.sc.edu/ssl/vol14/iss1/4/ |archive-date=4 August 2019 |url-status=live }}</ref> * {{Cite book|author=Mackay|first=Peter|date=2010|title=Sorley MacLean|location=Aberdeen|publisher=AHRC Centre for Irish and Scottish Studies|isbn=978-1-906108-11-3}} <ref name=Czech>{{cite journal |last1=Poncarová |first1=Petra Johana |title=Sorley MacLean's Other Clearance Poems |journal=Studies in Scottish Literature|issn=0039-3770 |date=5 January 2015 |volume=43 |issue=1 |pages=124–134 |url=https://scholarcommons.sc.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?referer=https://scholar.google.com/&httpsredir=1&article=2148&context=ssl}}</ref> <ref name=obit>{{Cite news|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituary-sorley-maclean-1354307.html|title=Obituary: Sorley MacLean|date=26 November 1996|work=The Independent|access-date=6 January 2018|last=Macrae|first=Alasdair|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180107062440/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituary-sorley-maclean-1354307.html|archive-date=7 January 2018|url-status=live}}</ref> <ref name=lecture>{{cite news |title=Sir Iain Noble Memorial Lecture recalls life of poet Sorley MacLean |url=https://www.stornowaygazette.co.uk/lifestyle/sir-iain-noble-memorial-lecture-recalls-life-of-poet-sorley-maclean-1-4301308 |access-date=18 August 2018 |work=The Stornoway Gazette |date=26 November 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180818214605/https://www.stornowaygazette.co.uk/lifestyle/sir-iain-noble-memorial-lecture-recalls-life-of-poet-sorley-maclean-1-4301308 |archive-date=18 August 2018 |url-status=live }}</ref> <ref name="Calum">{{cite web|last=Shaw|first=John|year=2017|title=Calum Maclean Project|url=https://www.ed.ac.uk/literatures-languages-cultures/celtic-scottish-studies/research/collaborative-projects/calum-maclean-project|publisher=The University of Edinburgh|access-date=20 August 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180820234927/https://www.ed.ac.uk/literatures-languages-cultures/celtic-scottish-studies/research/collaborative-projects/calum-maclean-project|archive-date=20 August 2018|url-status=live}}</ref> <ref name=Hendry>{{cite book|last1=Hendry|first1=Joy|chapter=Sorley MacLean: The Man and his Work|title=Sorley MacLean: Critical Essays|editor1-last=Ross|editor1-first=Raymond J.|editor2-first=Joy|editor2-last=Hendry|publisher=Scottish Academic Press|location=Edinburgh|date=1986|chapter-url=http://www.sorleymaclean.org/files/Sorley%20MacLean%20The%20Man%20and%20his%20Work_2.pdf|language=en|pages=9–38|isbn=978-0-7073-0426-7|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181031133305/http://www.sorleymaclean.org/files/Sorley%20MacLean%20The%20Man%20and%20his%20Work_2.pdf|archive-date=31 October 2018}}</ref> <ref name=thesis>{{cite thesis|last=Krause|first=Corinna|title=Eadar Dà Chànan: Self-Translation, the Bilingual Edition and Modern Scottish Gaelic Poetry|year=2007|institution=The [[University of Edinburgh]] School of Celtic and Scottish Studies|url=https://www.era.lib.ed.ac.uk/bitstream/handle/1842/3453/Krause2007.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y|access-date=18 August 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180818083957/https://www.era.lib.ed.ac.uk/bitstream/handle/1842/3453/Krause2007.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y|archive-date=18 August 2018|url-status=live}}</ref> <ref name=family>{{cite book |last=MacDonald|first=Donald Archie|chapter=Some Aspects of Family and Local Background: an Interview with Sorley MacLean|chapter-url=http://www.sorleymaclean.org/english/files/Some%20Aspects%20of%20Family%20and%20Local%20Background_2.pdf|title=Sorley MacLean: Critical Essays|editor1-last=Ross|editor1-first=Raymond J.|editor2-first= Joy|editor2-last= Hendry|publisher=Scottish Academic Press|location=Edinburgh|date=1986|pages=211–222|isbn=978-0-7073-0426-7}}</ref> <ref name="Eerde">{{cite journal |last1=Van Eerde |first1=John |last2=Williamson |first2=Robert |title=Sorley MacLean: A Bard and Scottish Gaelic |journal=World Literature Today|issn=0196-3570 |year=1978 |volume=52 |issue=2 |pages=229–232 |doi=10.2307/40132748 |jstor=40132748 }}</ref> <ref name=landscape>{{cite book |last1=Ó Fuaráin |first1=Pádraig |editor1-last=Mac Mathúna |editor1-first=Séamus |editor2-last=Ó Corráin |editor2-first=Ailbhe |editor3-last=Fomin |editor3-first=Maxim |title=Celtic Literatures in the Twentieth Century |date=2007 |publisher=Research Institute for Irish and Celtic Studies University of Ulster |chapter-url=https://edisciplinas.usp.br/pluginfile.php/96907/mod_resource/content/1/Celtic%20Literature.pdf |chapter=Landscape in the Poetry of Sorley MacLean |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180823210738/https://edisciplinas.usp.br/pluginfile.php/96907/mod_resource/content/1/Celtic%20Literature.pdf |archive-date=23 August 2018 |url-status=live|isbn=978-5-9551-0213-9 }}</ref> <ref name="open">{{cite web|last=Calder|first=Angus|author-link=Angus Calder|year=2016|title=The poetry of Sorley MacLean|url=http://www.open.edu/openlearn/history-the-arts/culture/literature-and-creative-writing/literature/the-poetry-sorley-maclean/altformat-word|publisher=[[Open University]]|access-date=18 August 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180818214501/http://www.open.edu/openlearn/history-the-arts/culture/literature-and-creative-writing/literature/the-poetry-sorley-maclean/altformat-word|archive-date=18 August 2018|url-status=live}}</ref> <ref name=Czech>{{cite journal |last1=Poncarová |first1=Petra Johana |title=Sorley MacLean's Other Clearance Poems |journal=Studies in Scottish Literature|issn=0039-3770 |date=5 January 2015 |volume=43 |issue=1 |pages=124–134 |url=https://scholarcommons.sc.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?referer=https://scholar.google.com/&httpsredir=1&article=2148&context=ssl}}</ref> <ref name="displacement">{{cite journal |last1=Nicholson |first1=Colin |title=Poetry of Displacement: Sorley MacLean and his Writing |journal=Studies in Scottish Literature|issn=0039-3770 |date=1 January 1987 |volume=22 |issue=1 |url=https://scholarcommons.sc.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?referer=https://www.google.com/&httpsredir=1&article=1185&context=ssl}}</ref> <ref name=publications>{{cite web |title=Publications |url=http://www.thesorleymacleantrust.org.uk/english/poetry_periodicals.htm |publisher=The Sorley MacLean Trust |access-date=19 August 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150919182702/http://www.thesorleymacleantrust.org.uk/english/poetry_periodicals.htm |archive-date=19 September 2015 |url-status=live }}</ref> <ref name="hobit">{{cite news |last1=Ross |first1=David |title=A personal eulogy for Sorley MacLean |url=http://www.heraldscotland.com/arts_ents/13044132.A_personal_eulogy_for_Sorley_MacLean/ |access-date=20 August 2018 |work=The Herald|location=Glasgow |date=15 October 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180820074832/http://www.heraldscotland.com/arts_ents/13044132.A_personal_eulogy_for_Sorley_MacLean/ |archive-date=20 August 2018 }}</ref> <ref name=Hallaig>{{cite book|last=MacInnes|first=John|author-link=John MacInnes (Gaelic scholar)|chapter-url=http://www.sorleymaclean.org/files/Hallaig%20a%20Note.pdf|chapter=Hallaig: A Note|title=Dùthchas nan Gàidheal: Selected Essays of John MacInnes|editor-last=Newton|editor-first=Michael|editor-link=Michael Newton (Gaelic scholar)|date= 2006|location=Edinburgh|publisher=Birlinn Ltd.|pages=418–421|isbn=978-1-84158-316-7}}</ref> <ref name="Easter">{{cite journal |last1=O'Gallagher |first1=Niall |title=Ireland's eternal Easter: Sorley MacLean and 1916 |journal=Irish Studies Review |issn=1469-9303 |date=5 September 2016 |volume=24 |issue=4 |pages=441–454 |doi=10.1080/09670882.2016.1226678|s2cid=152084743 }}</ref> <ref name=contexts>{{cite web |last1=MacRae |first1=Alasdair |year=2007 |title=Sorley MacLean in Non-Gaelic Contexts |url=http://www.sorleymaclean.org/english/files/Sorley%20MacLean%20in%20Non-Gaelic%20Contexts.pdf |access-date=19 August 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180819114506/http://www.sorleymaclean.org/english/files/Sorley%20MacLean%20in%20Non-Gaelic%20Contexts.pdf |archive-date=19 August 2018 |url-status=live }}</ref> <ref name="day">{{cite book |last1=Day |first1=Gary |last2=Docherty |first2=Brian |title=British Poetry from the 1950s to the 1990s: Politics and Art |date=1997 |publisher=Springer |isbn=978-1-349-25566-5 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4mSxCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA145 |language=en}}</ref> <ref name=historian>{{cite book|last=Cheape|first=Hugh|date=2016|chapter='A mind restless seeking': Sorley MacLean's historical research and the poet as historian|chapter-url=https://pure.uhi.ac.uk/portal/files/2038514/Cheape_Ainmeil_thar_Cheudan_121_134.pdf|title=Ainmeil thar Cheudan: Presentations to the 2011 Sorley MacLean Conference|editor-first1=R. W. |editor-last1=Renton |editor-first2=I. |editor-last2=MacDonald|publisher=Clò Ostaig|location=[[Sabhal Mòr Ostaig]], [[Isle of Skye]]|pages=121–134|isbn=978-0-9562615-4-0}}</ref> <ref name=two>{{cite web |title=Writing Scotland – Sorley MacLean |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/profiles/5btqSDpT800TGH1KfnmPpnZ/sorley-maclean |publisher=BBC |access-date=17 August 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180905224111/http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/profiles/5btqSDpT800TGH1KfnmPpnZ/sorley-maclean |archive-date=5 September 2018 |url-status=live }}</ref> <ref name=harvest>{{cite web |title=The Harvest of his Genius |url=http://www.sorleymaclean.org/english/harvest_genius.htm |publisher=The Sorley MacLean Trust |access-date=20 August 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170430224937/http://www.sorleymaclean.org/english/harvest_genius.htm |archive-date=30 April 2017 |url-status=live }}</ref> <ref name=MC>{{cite web |last1=Caimbeul |first1=Maoilios |author-link1=Maoilios Caimbeul |title=Feartan ann am bardachd Shomhairle MhicGill-Eain |year=2007 |url=http://www.sorleymaclean.org/english/files/Feartan%20ann%20am%20Bardachd%20Shomhairle%20MhicGill-Eain.pdf |publisher=The Sorley MacLean Trust |language=gd |access-date=22 August 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180823105525/http://www.sorleymaclean.org/english/files/Feartan%20ann%20am%20Bardachd%20Shomhairle%20MhicGill-Eain.pdf |archive-date=23 August 2018 |url-status=live }}</ref> <ref name=saviour>{{cite news |title=Sorley MacLean: A Salute to the saviour of Gaelic verse |url=https://www.scotsman.com/lifestyle/sorley-maclean-a-salute-to-the-saviour-of-gaelic-verse-1-1692134 |access-date=19 August 2018 |work=[[The Scotsman]] |date=14 June 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180819182408/https://www.scotsman.com/lifestyle/sorley-maclean-a-salute-to-the-saviour-of-gaelic-verse-1-1692134 |archive-date=19 August 2018 |url-status=live }}</ref> <ref name="review">{{cite news |last1=MacNeil |first1=Kevin |title=Book review: Sorley MacLean |url=https://www.scotsman.com/lifestyle/book-review-sorley-maclean-1-1523887 |access-date=22 August 2018 |work=The Scotsman |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180822113617/https://www.scotsman.com/lifestyle/book-review-sorley-maclean-1-1523887 |archive-date=22 August 2018 }}</ref> <ref name=MacInnes>{{cite book|last=MacInnes|first=John|author-link=John MacInnes (Gaelic scholar)|chapter=Language, Metre and Diction in the Poetry of Sorley MacLean|title=Dùthchas nan Gàidheal: Selected Essays of John MacInnes|editor-last=Newton|editor-first=Michael|editor-link=Michael Newton (Gaelic scholar)|date= 2006|location=Edinburgh|publisher=Birlinn Ltd.|pages=392–417|isbn=978-1-84158-316-7}}</ref> <ref name="Birt">{{cite book |last1=Beard |first1=David |last2=Gloag |first2=Kenneth |last3=Jones |first3=Nicholas |title=Harrison Birtwistle Studies |date=2015 |publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-1-107-09374-4 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vTFvBwAAQBAJ&pg=PA193 |language=en}}</ref> * {{Cite book|author=Dymock|first=Emma|date=2011|title=Scotnotes: The Poetry of Sorley Maclean|location=Glasgow|publisher=Association of Scottish Literary Studies|isbn=978-1-906841-05-8}} * [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] "Sorley MacLean, Derick Thomson, and the Women Most Dangerous to Men. " The Bottle Imp 21: June 2017. (nke a na-enweta na ohere mepere emepe) * Poncarová, Petra Johana (2017). [https://scholarcommons.sc.edu/ssl/vol43/iss1/12/ "Sorley MacLean's Other Clearance Poems.]" Studies in Scottish Literature: Vol. 43: Mbipụta. 1, peeji nke 124-134. (nke a na-enweta na ohere mepere emepe) &nbsp; {{Queen's Gold Medal for Poetry}}{{Scottish Gaelic literature}}{{Authority control}} ==Edensibịa== [[Otú:Ndị a mụrụ n'afọ 1911]] [[Otú:Pages with unreviewed translations]] nd7ehj94q7pxrj7u1owvl6lp8lrky6x 0 73759 644372 598073 2026-05-30T22:12:37Z Iwuala chisom 17246 Added {{DEFAULTSORT}} 644372 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}  '''Ella Onojuvwevwo''' (amụrụ na 25 Maachị 2005) bụ onye Naịjiria na-agba ọsọ. Na 2026, ọ ghọrọ onye nwere ndekọ n'ime ụlọ nke Afrịka maka mita 400. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://worldathletics.org/athletes/nigeria/ella-onojuvwevwo-14888449|title=Ella Onojuvwevwo|work=World Athletics|accessdate=11 May 2024}}</ref> == YNdụ mbido == Na Nọvemba afọ 2022, o kwetara isonye na Mahadum Steeti Louisiana dị na mba Amerịka. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://sportsnow.com.ng/ella-onojuvwevwo-joins-ofili-at-lsu/|work=Sportsnow|accessdate=11 May 2024|title=Ella Onojuvwevwo joins Ofili at LSU|date=6 November 2022}}</ref> == Ọrụ == Na 2021, o meriri ọlaedo dịka akụkụ nke mgbagharị {{Érèkọbalà|4 × 400 m}} nke ụmụ nwanyị na mgbagharị {{Érèkọbalà|4 × 400 m}} agwakọtara na asọmpi egwuregwu mba ụwa nke afọ 2021 na Nairobi . <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pulsesports.ng/athletics/story/top-nigerian-ncaa-athletes-to-watch-out-for-in-2023-2023010417192326949|date=4 January 2024|title=Top Nigerian NCAA athletes to watch out for in 2023|work=Pulsports.ng|accessdate=11 May 2024}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://gazettengr.com/team-nigeria-third-in-world-athletics-u20-with-four-gold-three-bronze/|work=Gazettengr|accessdate=11 May 2024|title=Team Nigeria third in World Athletics U20 with four gold, three bronze|date=23 August 2021}}</ref> Onojuvwevwo nwetara ihe nrite ọlaọcha na asọmpi Afrịka nke afọ 2022 na mgbagharị agba agba nke {{Érèkọbalà|4 × 400 m}} na [[Mauritius]] ma meriekwa ọla nchara na asọmpi agba agba nke ụmụ nwanyị nke {{Érèkọbalà|4 × 400 m}} <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://worldathletics.org/competition/calendar-results/results/7147626?eventId=10229988|work=World Athletics|accessdate=11 May 2024|title=Mixed 4x400 Metres Relay Final|date=8 June 2022}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.makingofchamps.com/2022/06/12/team-nigeria-review-2022-african-championships-day-5/|work=Making of Champs|accessdate=11 May 2024|title=Team Nigeria Review – 2022 African Championships Day 5|date=12 June 2022}}</ref> Ọ so n'òtù ndị otu Naịjirịa nke so na asọmpi agba agba nke mita 400 na mgbagharị agba agba nke {{Érèkọbalà|4 × 400 m}} na asọmpi Commonwealth nke afọ 2022 na Birmingham, ebe ha ruru eru maka asọmpi ikpeazụ ma mechaa nke isii. Onojuvwevwo gbara ọsọ maka Naịjirịa dịka akụkụ nke ndị otu egwuregwu agba ọsọ {{Érèkọbalà|4 × 400 m}} na asọmpi egwuregwu mba ụwa nke 2023 na Budapest . <ref>{{Cite web|accessdate=11 May 2024|date=9 August 2023|title=Amusan Out As AFN Unveils Team For World Championships|url=https://www.channelstv.com/2023/08/09/amusan-out-as-afn-unveils-team-for-world-championships/|work=Channelstv}}</ref> N'ọnwa Eprel afọ 2024, o wedara ihe kacha mma ya n'ihe karịrị mita 400 ruo sekọnd 51.32 na Florida. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.makingofchamps.com/2024/04/14/ogazi-onojuvwevwo-blast-to-pbs-at-tom-jones-memorial-classic/|work=Making of Champs|accessdate=11 May 2024|title=Ogazi & Onojuvwevwo blast to PBs at Tom Jones Memorial Classic!|date=14 April 2024}}</ref> Onojuvwevwo so Naịjirịa zọọ mpi na asọmpi egwuregwu mba ụwa nke afọ 2024 na Nassau, Bahamas . <ref>{{Cite web|date=9 May 2024|work=Guarianng|url=https://guardian.ng/sport/ofili-okezie-made-our-job-easy-in-bahamas-says-afn/|title=Ofili, Okere made our jons easy in Bahamas says AFN|accessdate=11 May 2024}}</ref> Site na oge nke 3:12.87, otu egwuregwu 4x400m nke Naịjirịa nke Onojuvwevwo, Samuel Ogazi, [[Chidi Okezie]] na [[Esther Elo Joseph|Esther Joseph]] setịpụrụ [[Ndepụta nke ndekọ Naijiria na egwuregwu|ihe ndekọ mba Naịjirịa]] ọhụrụ na ndekọ Afrịka na mmemme ahụ na 5 Mee 2024. <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/sports/nigeria-sports-news/691378-two-nigerian-teams-qualify-for-olympic-games-relays.html|work=[[Premium Times]]|accessdate=11 May 2024|date=5 May 2024|title=Two Nigerian teams qualify for Olympic Games Relays}}</ref> N'izu ụka sochirinụ, o wedara ike ya ruo sekọnd 50.57 na asọmpi SEC na Florida. Oge ahụ ruru ọkwa ntozu oke maka asọmpi Olympic nke 2024 ma mee ka ọ bụrụ nwanyị Naịjirịa kachasị ọsọ kemgbe [[Falilat Ogunkoya]] gbara ọsọ 50.50s na 2001, wee tinye nke ise na ndepụta ndị Nigeria kacha elu. <ref>{{Cite web|date=11 May 2024|title=Onojuvwevwo runs fastest 400m by a Nigerian woman since 2001 to qualify for Paris 2024 Olympics!|url=https://www.makingofchamps.com/2024/05/11/onojuvwevwo-runs-fastest-400m-by-a-nigerian-woman-since-2001-to-qualify-for-paris-2024-olympics/|work=Making of Champs}}</ref> Ọ gbara asọmpi na Olimpiks Oge Okpomọkụ nke 2024 n'ihe karịrị mita 400 n'ọnwa Ọgọst afọ 2024, wee ruo ọkara nke ikpeazụ. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.watchathletics.com/page/5840/women-s-400m-hurdles-results-paris-olympic-games-2024-athletics#google_vignette|date=8 August 2024|accessdate=29 August 2024|work=Watch Athletics|title=Women's 400m Hurdles Results – Paris Olympic Games 2024 Athletics}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://punchng.com/afn-lists-35-track-and-field-athletes-for-olympics/?amp|work=punchng.com|accessdate=7 July 2024|title=AFN lists 35 track-and-field athletes for Olympics|date=7 July 2024}}</ref> Ọ sokwara asọmpi na agba ọsọ <nowiki><span about="#mwt54" class="nowrap" data-cx="[{&amp;quot;adapted&amp;quot;:true,&amp;quot;partial&amp;quot;:false,&amp;quot;targetExists&amp;quot;:true,&amp;quot;mandatoryTargetParams&amp;quot;:[],&amp;quot;optionalTargetParams&amp;quot;:[]}]" data-mw="{&amp;quot;parts&amp;quot;:[{&amp;quot;template&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;target&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wt&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;Érèkọbalà&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;href&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;./Templeeti:Érèkọbalà&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;params&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wt&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;4 × 400 m&amp;quot;}},&amp;quot;i&amp;quot;:0}}]}" data-ve-no-generated-contents="true" id="mwYQ" typeof="mw:Transclusion">4 × 400 m</span></nowiki> dị iche iche n'egwuregwu ahụ. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.watchathletics.com/page/5829/4x400m-mixed-relay-results-paris-olympic-games-2024-athletics|work=Watch Athletics|accessdate=28 December 2024|title=Mixed 4 x 400 Metres Relay – Paris Olympic Games 2024 Athletics|date=3 August 2024}}</ref> O ruru eru nke abụọ kachasị ọsọ maka agba ikpeazụ nke mita 400 na asọmpi egwuregwu mba ụwa nke afọ 2024 na Lima, Peru, tupu ọ nọrọ n'ọkwa nke ise na agba ikpeazụ. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://worldathletics.org/competitions/world-athletics-u20-championships/lima24/news/report/day-two-afternoon-lima-24-reid-walaza-koscak-han-amidzovski|work=World Athletics|date=29 August 2024|accessdate=29 August 2024|title=Reid and Walaza win world U20 100m titles in Lima}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.watchathletics.com/page/5916/women-s-400m-results-world-athletics-junior-u20-championships-2024|work=watch athletics|accessdate=24 November 2024|title=Women's 400m Results – World Athletics Junior U20 Championships 2024|date=29 August 2024}}</ref> N'ịsọ mpi maka Mahadum Steeti Louisiana, Onojuvwevwo meriri asọmpi ikpeazụ nke mita 400 n'ime sekọnd 50.92 karịa Dejanea Oakley na asọmpi ime ụlọ nke 2026 SEC. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.runnerspace.com/gprofile.php?mgroup_id=44531&do=news&news_id=674344|work=Runnerspace|accessdate=3 March 2026|title=ARKANSAS MEN, FLORIDA WOMEN HOIST TROPHIES AT SEC INDOOR CHAMPIONSHIPS|date=1 March 2026}}</ref> N'asọmpi na asọmpi ime ụlọ nke NCAA Division I nke 2026 na Machị, Onojuvwevwo gbara ihe ndekọ ọhụrụ nke mita 400 n'ime ụlọ Afrịka n'agba mbụ, na-agba sekọnd 50.28, tupu ọ nọrọ nke atọ na njedebe na sekọnd 50.76 n'azụ Oakley na Madison Whyte . <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/sports/nigeria-sports-news/864001-ncaa-indoors-nigerian-star-onojuvwevwo-sets-african-record-tops-world-list.html|title=NCAA Indoors: Nigerian star Onojuvwevwo sets African record, tops world list|date=March 14, 2026|accessdate=14 March 2026|work=Premium Times Nigeria}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|Dejanea Oakley wins NCAA indoors 400m title|url=https://www.jamaicaobserver.com/2026/03/14/dejanea-oakley-wins-ncaa-indoors-400m-title/#google_vignette|date=14 March 2026|accessdate=15 March 2026|work=Jamaica Observer}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://worldathletics.org/news/report/kaalund-tharp-ncaa-indoor-championships|date=14 March 2026|title=Kaalund and Tharp threaten world records at NCAA Indoor Championships|accessdate=14 March 2026|work=World Athletics}}</ref> == Edensibịa == {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Onojuvwevwo, Ella}} [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Otú:Pages with unreviewed translations]] c5ed34gzbwrmcvuso9mtbv7u6cjgyow 0 73862 644386 598463 2026-05-30T22:31:00Z Sayvhior 13464 /* Akụkọ ndụ */ 644386 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="infobox biography vcard" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-above" |<div class="fn">Vicente Inglada Ors</div> |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-image" |[[File:Inglada.jpg|frameless]]<div class="infobox-caption">Vicente Inglada Ors</div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |A mụrụ ya | class="infobox-data" | <span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1879-01-09</span>)</span> 9 Jenụwarị 1879<div class="birthplace" style="display:inline">[[Alicante]], Spain</div><br /> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Nwụrụ | class="infobox-data" |Jenụwarị 9, 1949 <span style="display:none">(1949-01-09)</span> (afọ 70) <div class="deathplace" style="display:inline">[[Madrid]], Spain</div>&nbsp;<br /> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |A maara ya maka&nbsp; | class="infobox-data" |usoro maka ngụkọta nke hypocenter na ala ọma jijiji |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" |<templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles>'''Ọrụ sayensị''' |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Ubi | class="infobox-data category" |Onye na-ahụ maka ala ọma jijiji<br />Geophysicist |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Ụlọ ọrụ | class="infobox-data" |Spanish Army [[Geophysical Observatory of Toledo|Geophysical Observatory nke Toledo]] [[National Institute of Geophysics]] Higher School of Spain<br /><br /><br /> |} '''Vicente Inglada Ors''' (Alicante, Jenụwarị 9, 1879 - Madrid, Jenụwaị 7, 1949) bụ onye agha Spanish, onye geophysicist, na seismologist. == Akụkọ ndụ == A mụrụ Vicente Inglada na Alicante n'afọ 1879. Ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ praịmarị na sekọndrị n'otu obodo ahụ, gụsịrị akwụkwọ sekọndị ya na General and Technical Institute na 1893. N'afọ 1896, ọ malitere ọrụ agha ya site n'ịbanye na Toledo Infantry Academy, nweta ọkwa nke lieutenant ndị agha n'afọ 1897. N'afọ 1898, a họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ nwa akwụkwọ na Higher War School, ebe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ ya n'afọ 1902. N'otu afọ ahụ, ọ lụrụ Isabel García-Serrano Abela, onye ya na ya mụrụ ụmụ ise. Mgbe ọ rụchara ọrụ n'ọtụtụ ndị agha, n'afọ 1905, e buliri ya n'ọkwa ka ọ bụrụ onyeisi na General Staff Corps. N'afọ 1906, o sonyere na nkwadebe nke eserese nke agwaetiti Menorca. <ref name=":0" /> N'afọ Na 1907, ọ rịọrọ maka ezumike nwa oge n'aka ndị agha wee malite ịrụ ọrụ na Geographic na Statistical Institute. N'afọ 1911, ọ nwetara ọkwa onye nduzi nke Central Seismological Station nke Toledo, <ref>{{Cite journal|author=Gómez de Llarena|first=Joaquín|title=Vicente Inglada Ors (1879-1949)|journal=Boletín de la Real Sociedad de Historia Natural|volume=47|pages=555–561}}</ref> ebe ọ nyochara ngwá ọrụ ahụ ma melite nke ọma Wiechert seismograph nke arụnyere n'ebe ahụ. <ref>{{Cite journal|author=Macelwane|first=James B.|title=Vicente Inglada Ors 1879-1949|journal=Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America|volume=39|issue=3|pages=219–220}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|author=Ruiz Morales|first=Mario|title=Los Terremotos y sus primeros estudios en el Instituto Geográfico: Observatorios, Mapa Sismotectónico y Catálogo Sísmico|url=https://ojs.revistamapping.com/MAPPING/article/view/423|journal=Mapping|volume=31|issue=207|pages=42–76}}</ref> N'afọ 1919, ọ nyochara mmebi nke ala ọma jijiji nke Septemba 10, 1919, na mpaghara Bajo Segura (Alicante). <ref>{{Cite book|author=Inglada|first=Vicente|title=El sismo del Bajo Segura de 10 de septiembre de 1919. Cálculo de las coordenadas del foco, basado en la hora inicial de los sismogramas registrados en varias estaciones próximas.|publisher=Talleres del Instituto Geográfico y Estadístico|year=1926|location=Madrid, Spain}}</ref> N'ịghọta mkpa ọ dị ịtụle ọnọdụ nke hypocenter, ọ mepụtara usoro ọhụrụ iji chọpụta ya site na mbata nke ebili mmiri, na-eme ka usoro Radó von Kövesligethy dị mfe.<ref>{{Cite book|author=Inglada|first=Vicente|title=Nuevas fórmulas para abreviar el cálculo de la profundidad aproximada del foco sísmico por el método de Kövesligethy, y su aplicación a algunos temblores de tierra|publisher=Talleres del Instituto Geográfico y Estadístico|year=1921}}</ref> Inglada kwubiri na isosysts bụ njikọ nke ebili mmiri ala ọma jijiji (na-abịa site na ebe a na-elekwasị anya) na elu ụwa nakwa na omimi nke hypocenter kwekọrọ kpọmkwem na ọdịiche nke radii nke isosists abụọ na-esote.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Inglada, Vicente|url=https://www.encyclopedia.com/science/dictionaries-thesauruses-pictures-and-press-releases/inglada-vicente}}</ref> Ọ sụgharịrị n'asụsụ Spanish mbipụta nke atọ nke ọrụ Alfred Wegener Die Entstehung der Kontinente und Ozeane (La genesis de los continentes y océanos). E bipụtara nsụgharị a na Biblioteca de la Revista de Occidente na 1924, n'otu afọ ahụ nsụgharị mbụ n'asụsụ French na Bekee pụtara. Ọ sụgharịrị okwu gbasara seismometry site n'aka Boris Golitsyn n'asụsụ Spanish. N'afọ 1923, ọ malitere ịkụzi "Mathematical Algorithms, Astronomy, Geodesy, and Meteorology" na Ụlọ Akwụkwọ Agha Elu, ọkwa ọ nọrọ ruo 1928, ọkwá o nwere ruo 1928. N'afọ 1924, ọ nọchitere anya mba ya dị ka onye nnọchi anya na International Assembly of the Geodetic and Geophysical Union na Prague. Ọ bụ onye otu kọmitii nhazi nke 14th International Geological Congress, nke e mere na Madrid na 1926, na 1928 a kpọrọ ya onye otu Spanish Royal Academy of Exact, Physical and Natural Sciences. <ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|author=Rodríguez de la Torre|first=Fernando|title=Vida y Obra de Vicente Inglada Ors (1879-1979)|url=https://www.cervantesvirtual.com/nd/ark:/59851/bmc0934204|journal=Revista de Estudios Alicantinos|issue=32|pages=13–77}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFRodríguez_de_la_Torre1981">Rodríguez de la Torre, Fernando (1981). [https://www.cervantesvirtual.com/nd/ark:/59851/bmc0934204 "Vida y Obra de Vicente Inglada Ors (1879-1979)"]. ''Revista de Estudios Alicantinos'' (32): <span class="nowrap">13–</span>77.</cite></ref> N'afọ 1931, ọ lara ezumike nká n'ọrụ agha iji lekwasị anya n'ọrụ sayensị ya na Geographic Institute, ebe ọ rụrụ ọrụ na Geodesy Service ma mesịa bụrụ onye isi nke ngalaba Seismology na Geophysics Laboratory. N'oge Agha Obodo, a chụpụrụ ya n'ọkwa ya, mana e weghachiri ya mgbe mmeri nke ndị agha Franco gasịrị. Mgbe e guzobere National Institute of Geophysics na 1941, a họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ osote onye nduzi ma mesịa duzie ngalaba Pure Geophysics.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|author=Rodríguez de la Torre|first=Fernando|title=Vida y Obra de Vicente Inglada Ors (1879-1979)|url=https://www.cervantesvirtual.com/nd/ark:/59851/bmc0934204|journal=Revista de Estudios Alicantinos|issue=32|pages=13–77}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFRodríguez_de_la_Torre1981">Rodríguez de la Torre, Fernando (1981). [https://www.cervantesvirtual.com/nd/ark:/59851/bmc0934204 "Vida y Obra de Vicente Inglada Ors (1879-1979)"]. ''Revista de Estudios Alicantinos'' (32): <span class="nowrap">13–</span>77.</cite></ref> N'afọ 1942, ụlọ ọrụ ahụ malitere Revista de Geofísica . mbipụta a na-ebipụta kwa nkeji iri na ise nke gara n'ihu ruo 1979, mgbe ụlọ ọrụ ahụ n'onwe ya gbasara. Vicente Inglada bụ onye Esperantist a ma ama.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|author=Rodríguez de la Torre|first=Fernando|title=Vida y Obra de Vicente Inglada Ors (1879-1979)|url=https://www.cervantesvirtual.com/nd/ark:/59851/bmc0934204|journal=Revista de Estudios Alicantinos|issue=32|pages=13–77}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFRodríguez_de_la_Torre1981">Rodríguez de la Torre, Fernando (1981). [https://www.cervantesvirtual.com/nd/ark:/59851/bmc0934204 "Vida y Obra de Vicente Inglada Ors (1879-1979)"]. ''Revista de Estudios Alicantinos'' (32): <span class="nowrap">13–</span>77.</cite></ref> N'afọ 1905, ya na Antonio López Villanueva , bipolar okwu Esperanto-Spanish na Spanish-Esperanto, nke gafere ọtụtụ mbipụta, yana akwụkwọ ntuziaka mmega ahụ. N'agbata 1903 na 1930, ọ bụ onye isi nchịkọta akụkọ nke magazin Esperantist La Suno Hispana , nke e bipụtara na Valencia. N'afọ 1925, ọ gara, na-anọchite anya Spain, Nzukọ Esperanto nke mba ụwa na Paris, lekwasịrị anya n'iji ya eme ihe na sayensị dị ọcha na nke a na-etinye n'ọrụ.Ọ sụgharịrị egwuregwu iri na asatọ nke Jacinto Benavente sitere na Spanish gaa n'Esperanto, yana ụfọdụ ọrụ Leandro Fernández de Moratín na Santiago Rusiñol dere.Site na Esperanto gaa na Spanish, ọ sụgharịrị Esperanto verkaro (Fundamento de Esperanto) nke L. L. Zamenhof bipụtara na Paris na 1905. O nwekwara mmasị n'asụsụ ndị ọzọ. Na mgbakwunye na Spanish na Catalan, ndị bụ asụsụ obodo ya, ọ na-asụ Bekee, French na German nke ọma, ma nwee ihe ọmụma zuru oke nke Portuguese, Italian, Basque, Latín na Ancient Greek iji ghọta ihe odide n'asụsụ ndị ahụ.<ref name=":0" /> == Akwụkwọ ndị bụ isi == * (1921). Usoro ọhụrụ iji belata ngụkọta nke omimi nke ebe ala ọma jijiji na-emetụta site na usoro Kövesligethy, na itinye ya n'ọrụ na ụfọdụ ala ọma jijijii. Ụlọ ọrụ nke Instituto Geográfico y Estadístico, Madrid, Spain. * (1923). Akpụkpọ ahụ nke ala Ụlọ ọrụ nke Instituto Geográfico y Estadístico, Madrid, Spain. * (1923). dị ka ihe ndị na-ahụ maka gravimetric. Ụlọ ọrụ nke Instituto Geográfico y Estadístico, Madrid, Spain. * (1926). Ala ọma jijiji nke Bajo Segura nke September 10, 1919. Nkọwa nke akara ọkụ, dabere na oge mbido nke seismograms edere na ọtụtụ ọdụ dị nso. Ụlọ ọrụ nke Instituto Geográfico y Estadístico, Madrid, Spain. * (1926). Nkọwa nke coordinates nke ebe ala ọma jijiji na oge mbido nke ịma jijiji site na awa nke mmalite nke seismograms edere na ọtụtụ ọdụ dị nso. Magazin nke Royal Academy of Exact Sciences, Physical and Natural nke Madrid, 22, 523-592. == Edensibia == <references /> {{Reflist}} gnbzhzs4cf1dgvbgx07nnasm38dmuun 0 74329 644611 630831 2026-05-31T11:32:10Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 644611 wikitext text/x-wiki "All the Love" bụ egwu nke onye ọbụ abụ Naịjirịa bụ Ayra Starr, ewepụtara na 11 Febụwarị 2025 site na Mavin Records n'okpuru ikike pụrụ iche nke Republic Records. Starr so dee egwu ahụ na onye mmepụta Johnny Drille, ya na Prince Omoferi na Dada Femi Ayoola. Dịka egwu Afropop, R&B, na soul, egwu ahụ dabere na egwu eke ma nwee okwu ndị lekwasịrị anya na isiokwu nke ịhụnanya onwe onye na ekele onwe onye. Starr ekwuola na o dere ya n'ụbọchị sochiri egwu mbụ ya na Naịjirịa, na-achọ imepụta ihe na-ewuli elu n'oge enweghị nsogbu. Ọ bụ ezie na a na-ere ya dị ka ntọhapụ nke ụbọchị Valentine, ọ kọwara egwu ahụ dị ka nkwenye onwe onye kama ịbụ abụ ịhụnanya nkịtị. Ndị nkatọ egwu toro "All the Love" maka mmepụta ya na-ekpo ọkụ, nke dị nso na olu mmetụta uche ya. Na Naịjirịa, egwu ahụ ruru nọmba 10 na TurnTable Top 100 ma nọrọ izu 21 na chaatị ahụ. Na United Kingdom, ọ ruru nọmba isii na UK Afrobeats Singles Chart. Vidiyo egwu a, nke Ella Ezeike duziri ma see ya na Cape Town, pụtara na 16 Eprel 2025. Ọ na-egosi Starr n'obodo nta dị na South Africa, na-akpakọrịta na ndị obodo ma na-agba ịnyịnya n'ime ihe nkiri turquoise ochie tupu ọ mechie n'ụsọ osimiri n'abalị. Starr malitere egwu ahụ ozugbo na mmemme New Balance x JD Sports na London ma mesịa kpọọ ya na Hot 97's Summer Jam na dịka akụkụ nke mmemme mmeghe ya na Coldplay's Music of the Spheres World Tour. Na Ememme Global Citizen nke 2025 na New York City, o mechiri ihe nkiri ya na ngwakọta nke "All the Love" na "Strawberry Swing" nke Coldplay. Na Disemba, ọ mere egwu piano acoustic na mmemme Grammy Museum na-eme ememe nhọpụta nke abụọ ya maka Best African Music Performance. == Ihe ndị gbara ya gburugburu ==   Ayra Starr wepụtara [[Album|Abọm studio]] nke abụọ ya, The Year I Turned 21, na Mee 2024. Ọrụ ahụ nwetara otuto dị egwu ma ghọọ abọm mbụ nke nwanyị Naijiria na-ese ihe na-abanye na US <nowiki><i id="mwKw">Billboard</i></nowiki> 200. Starr nọrọ ọkara ikpeazụ nke afọ ahụ n'okporo ụzọ, na-eje ozi dị ka onye nkwado maka njem njem 11:11 nke Chris Brown gafee North America ma sonye na Coldplay na njem ụwa ha Music of the Spheres na Australia na New Zealand.<ref name="CapitalXtra">{{Cite news|title=Ayra Starr reveals what advice Chris Brown gave her amid 11:11 tour|url=https://www.capitalxtra.com/news/ayra-starr-tour-chris-brown-advice/|accessdate=30 December 2025|work=Capital XTRA|date=4 July 2024|language=en}}</ref> N'abalị iri abụọ na ise n'ọnwa Disemba afọ 2024, ọ bụ onye isi okwu n'abalị ikpeazụ nke Flytime Fest na Eko Convention Center na Lagos, egwu egwu mbụ ya na Naịjirịa, na-eme n'ihu ndị na-akwado 30,000 na ngosipụta mberede site na [[Rema (musician)|Rema]] na [[Tiwa Savage]].<ref name="Flytime Fest">{{Cite news|author=Onikoyi|first=Ayo|title=Davido, Olamide, Ayra Starr to headline Flytime's 20th anniversary celebrations December 22–25|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2024/12/davido-olamide-ayra-starr-to-headline-flytimes-20th-anniversary-celebrations-december-22-25/|accessdate=30 December 2025|date=8 December 2024|work=[[Vanguard (Nigeria)|Vanguard]]}}</ref> Mgbe ọ na-agwa Pop Crave okwu na MOBO Awards na Febụwarị na-esote, Starr kpughere na ya edeela "All the Love" n'ụbọchị sochiri egwu ahụ. O chetara na obi adịghị ya mma n'oge ahụ ma chọọ ịmepụta ihe na-ewuli elu maka onwe ya. O bu n'obi na mbụ iwepụta egwu ahụ na Jenụwarị mana o tinyere ya na Febụwarị, na-akọwa ya dị ka ụzọ isi mechie Afọ M Gbara Afọ 21. N'oge tupu egwu ahụ, Starr agbanweela site n'ụzọ lekwasịrị anya na album, na-agwa The London Standard na ọ chọrọ ibelata nrụgide dị n'ahụ ya ma mepụta egwu na-enweghị usoro edobere anya n'uche.<ref name="The Standard">{{Cite news|author=Block|first=India|title='Rihanna loves me!': Ayra Starr on fame, faith, and having the most fabulous fans|url=https://www.standard.co.uk/culture/music/ayra-starr-rihanna-coldplay-interview-b1215152.html|accessdate=30 December 2025|work=The Standard|date=6 March 2025|language=en}}</ref> "All The Love" bụ nke Teemode na [[Johnny Drille]] mepụtara, bụ ndị sokwa Starr, Prince Omoferi na Dada Femi Ayoola dee egwu ahụ. A na-ahụ ya dị ka ihe na-aga n'ihu na ụda Starr, na-ejikọta ya na ọtụtụ ụdị Egwú a ma ama.<ref name="OkayAfrica2" /><ref name="StyleRave">{{Cite news|author=Badewa|first=Collins|title=Ayra Starr Marks The Season Of Love With "All The Love" + More New And Trending Songs By African Artists|url=https://www.stylerave.com/ayra-starr-all-the-love/|accessdate=31 December 2025|work=Style Rave {{!}} The Ultimate Style Guide|date=14 February 2025}}</ref> N'egwú, "All The Love" bụ Afropop, R&amp;amp;B na abụ mkpụrụ obi. Ọ nwere ogologo nke 3:08 ma bụrụ nke a na-ede n'oge nkịtị na igodo nke A major, na-enwe ọsọ nke 90-91 beats kwa nkeji na Ọganihu nke ụda-D-E-Bī.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Ayra Starr - All The Love (Lyrics) Chords - Chordify|url=https://chordify.net/chords/ayra-starr-all-the-love-lyrics-tribletunes|work=chordify.net|accessdate=31 December 2025|language=en}}</ref> Abụ ahụ gosipụtara ụda olu nke na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ụda, nke a na-etinye n'elu ihe ndị dị nro na bassline nke na-akwado ya n'ebe niile. Ọ bụ Protunez na Prosper Udu na-enye ọrụ ụbọ . <ref name="TidalMusic">{{Cite web|title=Ayra Starr - All The Love|url=https://tidal.com/album/415543072/credits|work=Tidal|accessdate=30 December 2025|language=en|date=10 February 2025}}</ref> Starr na-enye amaokwu ndị ahụ na cadence na-agbanwe agbanwe, na-agbanwere n'etiti ịdabere na ịkụ na ịgbatị ya n'oge abụ.<ref name="EricAlper" /> Abụ ahụ na-agbaso usoro amaokwu-pre-chorus-chorus, na onye ọzọ na-ekwughachi abụ ahụ. <ref name="Genius">{{Cite web|title=Ayra Starr – All The Love|url=https://genius.com/Ayra-starr-all-the-love-lyrics|work=Genius|accessdate=1 January 2026}}</ref> == Ihe osise na ntọhapụ == Starr kpughere ihe osise mkpuchi maka egwu ahụ na 10 Febụwarị 2025, otu ụbọchị tupu ewepụta ya. <ref name="Twitter1">{{Cite web|title=ALL THE LOVE out on the 11th Feb ⭐️🥷🏽|url=https://x.com/i/status/1888629489099227170|work=Twitter|accessdate=30 December 2025}}</ref> Ọ bụ ụlọ ọrụ Scary Town mepụtara ihe osise ahụ, na ntụziaka anya site na Starr n'onwe ya n'akụkụ Peter Famosa, Michael Junioro, na Richie Igunma. Rana Fadavi jere ozi dị ka onye nduzi nka, ebe Jude Amponsah rụrụ ọrụ nka ikpeazụ. Axle Jozeph sere foto mkpuchi ahụ site n'enyemaka nke Eric Sakai. El-shaddai Nyagodzi na-eme ihe ejiji, Keesha Coombs na Chelsea Uchenna na-eme ka ọ dị mma; Jonah Dali lekọtara mmepụta ahụ.<ref name="covercredits">{{Cite web|title=Artwork for Ayra Starr "All The Love"|url=https://www.instagram.com/p/DIgHIjko5yQ/|work=instagram.com|accessdate=30 December 2025}}</ref> Ihe osise a gosiri Starr n'elu ihe osise dị larịị nke na-agbanwe site na oroma na-ekpo ọkụ gaa na pink dị nro, nke yiri anwụ na-acha. O yi ọla ntị ọlaọcha agbụ ígwè na-ada ada yana jaket akpụkpọ anụ ojii a kpara akpa nke ejiri ihe mmado dị ka carabiner kechie n'obi. A na-akpụ ntutu isi ya dị ka nke a na-acha uhie uhie n'ime ebili mmiri. N'akụkụ aka nri ala nke onyonyo ahụ, aha egwu na aha onye na-ese ihe pụtara na edemede aka ọcha. BellaNaija kwuru na "jaket akpụkpọ anụ a kpara akpa na-agbakwụnye ezigbo ọnụ," na-eto ụdị ejiji ya dị ka "ihe dị larịị ma na-enweghị ntụpọ". <ref name="BellaNaija">{{Cite news|title=Ayra Starr's Cooking Something Sweet {{!}} “All The Love” Drops Tomorrow|url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2025/02/ayra-starr-all-the-love-music/|accessdate=30 December 2025|work=BellaNaija|date=10 February 2025}}</ref> Tupu ntọhapụ nke "All The Love", Starr kesara mkpirikpi na akaụntụ Instagram ya, na-egosi ihe na-enweghị isi, nke keyboard na-eduzi egwu ahụ.<ref name="NewWave">{{Cite news|title=Ayra Starr Offers A Heartfelt New Single 'All The Love' Ahead of Valentine's Day|url=https://www.newwavemagazine.com/single-post/ayra-starr-offers-a-heartfelt-new-single-all-the-love-ahead-of-valentine-s-day|accessdate=30 December 2025|work=newwavemagazine|date=11 February 2025|language=en}}</ref><ref name="AfroMixxxx">{{Cite news|author=Adegoke|first=Simisolaoluwa|title=Ayra Starr's 'All The Love': An Anthem of Unwavering Affection|url=https://afromixx.com/ayra-starrs-all-the-love-an-anthem-of-unwavering-affection/|accessdate=31 December 2025|work=Afromixx|date=12 February 2025}}</ref> Ihe nkiri ahụ nwetara mmasị na mgbasa ozi mmekọrịta ma gafee otu nde nlele zuru ụwa ọnụ.<ref name="ThatGrapeJuice" /> O mekwara ka ndị na-ese ihe ibe ya, gụnyere SZA, meghachi omume.<ref name="ThatGrapeJuice" /> Na 11 Febụwarị 2025, Mavin Records wepụtara "All the Love" na Ụlọ ahịa egwu dijitalụ na ọrụ na-asọ asọ n'okpuru ikikere pụrụ iche na Republic Records, n'ihu Valentine's Day. A na-ere ya dị ka ntọhapụ nke isiokwu Valentine, ọ bụ ezie na Starr kọwara abụ ahụ dị ka ihe gbasara ịhụnanya onwe onye na ekele onwe onye.<ref name="PulseNG">{{Cite news|author=Adebiyi|first=Adeayo|title=Ayra Starr is set to soundtrack valentine with her new single 'All The Love'|url=https://www.pulse.ng/story/ayra-starr-is-set-to-soundtrack-valentine-with-her-new-single-all-the-love-2025021110463388499|accessdate=30 December 2025|work=Pulse Nigeria|date=11 February 2025|language=en}}</ref> == Mmeghachi omume == "All the Love" nwetara nyocha dị mma site n'aka ndị nkatọ egwu. Robin Murray nke Clash kọwara ya dị ka "nke e ji mmetụta mee," na-ekwu maka "mmepụta afrobeats a na-esusu n'anyanwụ" na "mmetụta nke mmekọrịta chiri anya". Murray gbakwunyere na egwu ahụ nyere "mmetụ nke akpụkpọ ahụ na akpụkpọ ahụ" na Starr "na-ahapụ mmetụta ya niile na ngosipụta". <ref name="ClashMag">{{Cite news|author=Murray|first=Robin|title=Ayra Starr Shares New Single 'All The Love' {{!}} News|url=https://www.clashmusic.com/news/ayra-starr-shares-new-single-all-the-love/|accessdate=30 December 2025|work=Clash|date=11 February 2025}}</ref> N'ide akwụkwọ maka OkayAfrica, Hannah Uguru kpọrọ ya "ụnụ anụnụ na-atọ ụtọ ma na-ebuli elu" ka egwu egwu egwu egwu nke Okech "na-eme ka ọ bụrụ abụ" nke ọma ma na-eme ka egwu egwu mara mma.<ref name="OkayAfrica2">{{Cite news|author=Uguru|first=Hannah|title=Ayra Starr Drops a Self-Love Anthem Ahead of Valentine's Day {{!}} OkayAfrica|url=https://www.okayafrica.com/ayra-starr-drops-a-self-love-anthem-ahead-of-valentines-day/129861|accessdate=30 December 2025|work=www.okayafrica.com|date=11 February 2025}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFUguru2025">Uguru, Hannah (11 February 2025). [https://www.okayafrica.com/ayra-starr-drops-a-self-love-anthem-ahead-of-valentines-day/129861 "Ayra Starr Drops a Self-Love Anthem Ahead of Valentine's Day | OkayAfrica"]. ''www.okayafrica.com''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 December</span> 2025</span>.</cite></ref> Okechukwu toro nnyefe Starr na pre-chorus.<ref name="Euphoria" /> ''GenZ Hip-Hop'' nyere egwu ahụ 8.5 n'ime 10, na-ewere ya dị ka "abụ mara mma nke ịhụnanya na ike" ma chọta abụ ahụ "na-eme ka ike, nwee mmetụta ịhụnanya, ma rụọ ọrụ nke ọma. " Zachary Horvath nke ''HotNewHipHop'' nwekwara ekele maka "okwu ndị dị oke mkpa", na-ekwu na Starr nwere ike ịgba ndị na-ege ntị ume "inye onwe ha amara ma ọ bụrụ na ị nwere obi abụọ banyere uru gị".<ref name="GenZHH">{{Cite news|title=Ayra Starr's "All The Love" Sends a Message of Empowerment and Affection|url=https://www.genzhiphop.com/ayra-starrs-all-the-love-sends-a-message-of-empowerment-and-affection/|accessdate=30 December 2025|work=GenZHipHop|date=19 February 2025}}</ref><ref name="HotNewHipHop">{{Cite news|author=Horvath|first=Zachary|title=Ayra Starr Affirms That Everyone Deserves "All The Love" Possible On Affectionate New Single|url=https://www.hotnewhiphop.com/885868-ayra-starr-all-the-love-stream|accessdate=30 December 2025|work=[[HotNewHipHop]]|date=5 February 2024|language=en}}</ref> New Wave Magazine nabatara ntọhapụ ahụ dị ka "mkpụrụ obi na-akpali akpali" na "abụ ịhụnanya dị elu," na-eme ka "ọkwa nke ụda olu dị nro" nke Starr pụta ìhè. <sup class="mw-ref reference" mwyw="">Ctrl":"<nowiki><span typeof=\"mw:Transclusion\" data-mw=\"{&amp;quot;name&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;templatestyles&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;attrs&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;src&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;body&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;extsrc&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;parts&amp;quot;:[{&amp;quot;template&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;target&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wt&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;cite news &amp;quot;,&amp;quot;href&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;./Template:Cite_news&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;params&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;title&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wt&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;Ayra Starr Offers A Heartfelt New Single 'All The Love' Ahead of Valentine's Day&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;url&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wt&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;https://www.newwavemagazine.com/single-post/ayra-starr-offers-a-heartfelt-new-single-all-the-love-ahead-of-valentine-s-day&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;access-date&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wt&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;30 December 2025&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;work&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wt&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;newwavemagazine&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;date&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wt&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;11 February 2025&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;language&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wt&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;en&amp;quot;}},&amp;quot;i&amp;quot;:0}}]}\" data-ve-no-generated-contents=\"true\" id=\"mwAio\">&</nowiki>nbsp;<nowiki></span></nowiki><nowiki><cite about=\"#mwt70\" class=\"citation news cs1\" id=\"mwAis\" data-ve-ignore=\"\"><a class=\"external text\" href=\"https://www.newwavemagazine.com/single-post/ayra-starr-offers-a-heartfelt-new-single-all-the-love-ahead-of-valentine-s-day\" id=\"mwAiw\" rel=\"mw:ExtLink nofollow\">\"Ayra Starr Offers A Heartfelt New Single 'All The Love' Ahead of Valentine's Day\"</a></nowiki>. <nowiki><i id=\"mwAi0\">newwavemagazine</i></nowiki>. 11 February 2025<nowiki><span class=\"reference-accessdate\" id=\"mwAi4\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\" id=\"mwAi8\">30 December</span></nowiki> 2025<nowiki></span></nowiki>.<nowiki></cite></nowiki>"}}" id="cite_ref-NewWave_13-1" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref">[./All_the_Love_(Ayra_Starr_song)#cite_note-NewWave-13 <span class="mw-reflink-text"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket"><nowiki>]</nowiki></span></span>]</sup> pop Taylor nke Verge kwughachiri mmetụta a, na-aja egwu ahụ mma maka "ụda dị iche iche nke mkpụrụ obi. "N'ụzọ doro anya" maka Culture Custodian, Chibuzo Emmanuel kwuru na egwu ahụ "na-apụ n'anya site na ụda nke onye bu ụzọ ya, na-eme ihe nkiri ya" na egwu R&Switch ya dị egwu "Melt" . . .<ref name="VergeMagazine">{{Cite news|author=Taylor|first=Poppy|title=Global Afrobeats Superstar Ayra Starr Returns With 'all The Love' - Entertainment|url=https://vergemagazine.co.uk/global-afrobeats-superstar-ayra-starr-returns-with-all-the-love/|accessdate=30 December 2025|work=Verge Magazine|date=12 February 2025}}</ref><ref name="Custodian">{{Cite news|author=Emmanuel|first=Chibuzo|title=New Releases from Rema Asake and Ayra Starr Raise Questions about Afrobeats' Release Cycle|url=https://culturecustodian.com/new-releases-from-rema-asake-and-ayra-starr-raise-questions-about-afrobeats-release-cycle/|accessdate=30 December 2025|work=The Culture Custodian (Est. 2014.)|date=17 February 2025}}</ref><ref name="EricAlper">{{Cite news|author=Alper|first=Eric|title=Ayra Starr Launches 2025 With New Single All The Love and Continues Her Global Rise|url=https://www.thatericalper.com/2025/02/12/ayra-starr-launches-2025-with-new-single-all-the-love-and-continues-her-global-rise/|accessdate=30 December 2025|work=That Eric Alper|date=13 February 2025}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFAlper2025">Alper, Eric (13 February 2025). [https://www.thatericalper.com/2025/02/12/ayra-starr-launches-2025-with-new-single-all-the-love-and-continues-her-global-rise/ "Ayra Starr Launches 2025 With New Single All The Love and Continues Her Global Rise"]. ''That Eric Alper''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 December</span> 2025</span>.</cite></ref><ref name="RatingsGame">{{Cite news|title=Ayra Starr Comes Back With "All The Love"|url=https://ratingsgamemusic.com/2025/02/15/ayra-starr-comes-back-with-all-the-love/|accessdate=30 December 2025|work=RGM|date=15 February 2025}}</ref> Nadia Mumuni nke That Grape Juice kpọrọ ya "ike" ntọhapụ, ebe ''BellaNaija'' weere abụ ahụ dị ka "ọda dị nro maka ịhụnanya na-enweghị atụ". <ref name="BellaNaija1" /> == Ọrụ azụmahịa == Na Naijiria, "All The Love" malitere na ọnụọgụ 46 na TurnTable Top 100 n'oge izu nsuso nke 7-13 Febụwarị 2025, na naanị ụbọchị anọ nke nnweta, na-agbakọta nde 24.3 na redio. N'izu mbụ ya zuru ezu na chaatị ahụ, abụ ahụ rịrị elu 36 ruo na nọmba 10, na-egosi ọkwa ọhụrụ. Abụ ahụ nọrọ izu iri abụọ na otu na chaatị ahụ.<ref name="TurnTable">{{Cite web|title=TurnTable Charts {{!}} Official Nigeria Top 100|url=https://www.turntablecharts.com/Charts/Top50|work=Turntable Charts|accessdate=31 December 2025|archivedate=22 July 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230722160706/https://www.turntablecharts.com/Charts/Top50}}</ref> Na United Kingdom, "All The Love" malitere na ọnụọgụ isii na Official Afrobeats Chart na 1 Machị 2025, na-egosi ọnọdụ ya kachasị elu. Abụ ahụ nọrọ izu iri na atọ na chaatị ahụ, na ọnọdụ na-agbanwe n'etiti nọmba isii na 19 tupu ọ daa na chaatụ ahụ n'etiti Mee. Ọ batara na chaatị ahụ na nọmba 20 na 31 Mee 2025. <ref name="OfficialCharts">{{Cite web|title=All The Love|url=https://www.officialcharts.com/songs/ayra-starr-all-the-love/|work=Official Charts|accessdate=31 December 2025|language=en|date=1 March 2025}}</ref> E wezụga Naịjirịa na UK, ọ hụrụ obere ọrụ chaatị. == Vidio egwu == === Ntọhapụ === [[File:Ayra_Starr_-_All_the_Love_(screenshot).png|thumb|Starr na [[Cape Town]] township, na-eyi akwa na-acha odo odo na ọla edo.]] Mgbe a tọhapụrụ ya na 11 Febụwarị 2025, "All The Love" so vidiyo na-eme ihe nkiri nke gosipụtara Starr na-eyi jaket a na-egbutu agba nchara na obere uwe elu na akpụkpọ ụkwụ agụ owuru, na-eme ka ndị enyi nwanyị gbara ya gburugburu n'ime ụlọ ịsa ahụ nke e ji akwụkwọ mgbidi mosaic nke Persian, okpueze ọlaedo, na ọnụ ụzọ turquoise chọọ mma. Ka ha na-akwadebe n'ihu enyo efu ọla edo, okwu na-apụta na ihuenyo na edemede cursive n'ebe niile.<ref name="Euphoria">{{Cite news|author=Okechukwu|first=Nmesoma|title=Ayra Starr - All The Love|url=https://www.euphoriazine.com/blog/2025/02/music/tracks-ayra-starr-all-the-love/|accessdate=30 December 2025|work=EUPHORIA.|date=18 February 2025}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFOkechukwu2025">Okechukwu, Nmesoma (18 February 2025). [https://www.euphoriazine.com/blog/2025/02/music/tracks-ayra-starr-all-the-love/ "Ayra Starr - All The Love"]. ''EUPHORIA''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 December</span> 2025</span>.</cite></ref> Nadia Mumuni nke Grape Juice kwuru na vidiyo ahụ gosipụtara Starr "na-anabata nwanne nwanyị" na " ngosipụta dị egwu nke ịdị n'otu".<ref name="ThatGrapeJuice">{{Cite news|author=Mumuni|first=Nadia|title=Ayra Starr Returns with New Single 'All The Love' / Unlocks Performance Video|url=https://thatgrapejuice.net/2025/02/ayra-starr-returns-with-new-single-the-love-unlocks-performance-video/|accessdate=30 December 2025|work=That Grape Juice|date=12 February 2025|language=en}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFMumuni2025">Mumuni, Nadia (12 February 2025). [https://thatgrapejuice.net/2025/02/ayra-starr-returns-with-new-single-the-love-unlocks-performance-video/ "Ayra Starr Returns with New Single 'All The Love' / Unlocks Performance Video"]. ''That Grape Juice''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 December</span> 2025</span>.</cite></ref> Vidio egwu nke egwu ahụ malitere n'ịntanetị na ọwa [[YouTube]] ya na 16 Eprel 2025. Ọ bụ Ella Ezeike duziri vidio ahụ ma onye na-ese ihe nkiri bụ Karol Jurga gbara ya na [[Cape Town]].<ref name="BellaNaija3" /><ref name="David Reviews" /> Ọ bụ Michael Onafowokan Jr. duziri ntụziaka okike ebe Leon Carlton dezigharịrị ya.<ref name="PostCarlton">{{Cite web|title=Arya Starr - All The Love|url=https://postcarlton.com/portfolio/arya-starr-all-the-love|work=postcarlton.com|accessdate=30 December 2025}}</ref> === Nkọwa === Vidio ahụ na-amalite site na nwa agbọghọ na-eyi uwe elu na-acha pinki pinki na uwe denim na-agba ọsọ na-agafe mgbidi ndị na-acha anụnụ anụnụ nke nwere nọmba 13 ka kaadị aha ahụ na-apụta. Starr, na-eyi ụdị ntutu dị mkpirikpi, na-apụta n'elu tie-front na tie-dye wrap skirt na ọla ntị ọla edo, na-agagharị n'akụkụ obodo obibi nke nwere ụlọ mara mma na mgbidi na-acha anụnụ anụnụ. Ihe nkiri ndị a na-ahụ n'etiti na-egosi nwoke na-eyi uwe nkịta na-agụ akwụkwọ akụkọ nwere isiokwu "Gimme Dat", na-ezo aka na mmekorita Starr na [[Wizkid]]. Nwa agbọghọ ahụ na-ege ntị na ekweisi n'elu igwe ojii, ebe ụmụ okorobịa na-egwu bọọlụ n'ámá uzuzu dị nso. Starr na-agba ịnyịnya n'azụ ọgba tum tum nke otu nwoke na-enweghị uwe na-akwọ, ma mesịa pụta n'ime ụlọ ahịa na-ere ihe ịchọ mma nke jupụtara na wig na ntutu isi, ugbu a na-eyi uwe uhie na nke na-acha ọcha. Ọ makụrụ nwanyị nwere ogologo ntutu na okpu anụmanụ, wee nọdụ ala na tebụl ụlọ ahịa. Ihe nkiri ndị ọzọ na-egosi Starr nọ n'azụ turquoise convertible ka ọ na-aga n'okporo ụzọ efu. N'oge mgbede, ọ na-adabere n'ụgbọala ahụ n'ụsọ osimiri, ebe ọ gbanwere n'elu tankị ọcha na uwe mkpụmkpụ denim. Vidio ahụ mechiri na Starr na-agba egwú n'akụkụ convertible tupu ọ na-agafe ụkwụ ọtọ na mmiri na-adịghị omimi ka ihe nrite na-agagharị. === Nnakwere === ''BellaNaija'' nabatara ihe nkiri ahụ dị ka "obi dị mma" na-ekiri ma na-eme ka onye Starr dị na ihuenyo dị ka isi iyi nke mmesi obi ike, na-akọwa ihe ngosi ahụ dị ka ihe dị nro, ezi obi na-aga n'ihu na ozi abụ ahụ. <ref name="BellaNaija1">{{Cite news|title=Need a Boost of Real Love? Ayra Starr's 'All the Love' Video Got You Covered|url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2025/04/ayra-starr-all-the-love-video/|accessdate=30 December 2025|work=BellaNaija|date=15 April 2025}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.bellanaija.com/2025/04/ayra-starr-all-the-love-video/ "Need a Boost of Real Love? Ayra Starr's 'All the Love' Video Got You Covered"]. ''BellaNaija''. 15 April 2025<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 December</span> 2025</span>.</cite></ref> N'akwụkwọ ọzọ, nke lekwasịrị anya n'ihe ndị dị n'azụ ihe nkiri, mbipụta ahụ kwuru na vidiyo ahụ nwere "ihe nrọ, ihe na-eme n'oge ochie. " Onye nyocha maka Zambia Music Blog toro ojiji ya nke "ìhè dị nro, ihe dị mfe, na ihe dị ike, " <ref name="BellaNaija3">{{Cite news|title=The Stills from Ayra Starr's 'All the Love' New Video Are a Whole Mood|url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2025/04/ayra-starr-all-love-stills/|accessdate=30 December 2025|work=BellaNaija|date=19 April 2025}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.bellanaija.com/2025/04/ayra-starr-all-love-stills/ "The Stills from Ayra Starr's 'All the Love' New Video Are a Whole Mood"]. ''BellaNaija''. 19 April 2025<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 December</span> 2025</span>.</cite></ref> ebe David Reviews' Andrew MacGregor enweghị mmasị na ya, na-ekwu na "ọ bụghị ihe na-adịghị eme" na vidiyo ahụ ma ọ bụ "ihe karịrị njem dị egwu karịa njem na-atọ ụtọ".<ref name="Zambia">{{Cite web|title=Ayra Starr – All The Love (Video)|url=https://zambianmusicblog.co/ayra-starr-all-the-love-video/|work=Zambian Music Blog|accessdate=30 December 2025|date=16 April 2025}}</ref><ref name="David Reviews">{{Cite web|author=MacGregor|first=Andrew|title=David Reviews: Ayra Starr 'All the Love'|url=https://www.davidreviews.com/Reviews/2025/Ayra_Starr_All_the_Love/|work=www.davidreviews.com|accessdate=30 December 2025}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFMacGregor">MacGregor, Andrew. [https://www.davidreviews.com/Reviews/2025/Ayra_Starr_All_the_Love/ "David Reviews: Ayra Starr 'All the Love'"]. ''www.davidreviews.com''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 December</span> 2025</span>.</cite></ref> == Egwuregwu na-eme ihe nkiri == "All The Love" nwetara ihe ngosi izizi ya na 20 Febụwarị 2025 na mmemme mmalite maka New Balance 740 x JD Sports collaboration na Kachette na London, ebe Starr so DJ Skyla Tylaa na ndị ọzọ na-ese ihe n'ógbè ahụ. <ref name="Skiddle">{{Cite web|title=New Balance & JD Sports Presents: 740 Launch|url=https://www.skiddle.com/whats-on/London/Kachette/New-Balance--JD-Sports-Presents-740-Launch/40639330/#recommendedEvents|work=[[Skiddle]]|accessdate=30 December 2025}}</ref><ref name="HypeBeast">{{Cite news|title=JD Launches Four Exclusive Colorways of the New Balance 740|url=https://hypebeast.com/2025/3/jd-new-balance-740-sneaker-ayra-starr-campaign-release-info|accessdate=30 December 2025|work=Hypebeast|date=4 March 2025}}</ref> Egwú ahụ mechara bụrụ ihe a na-ahụkarị na ndepụta ya n'afọ niile. Na 20 June, Starr kụrụ egwu ahụ dị ka onye isi okwu na Hot 97's Summer Jam na Prudential Center na Newark, New Jersey, na-ekerịta ụgwọ ahụ na ndị na-eme ihe gụnyere A Boogie wit da Hoodie, Gunna, na GloRilla.<ref name="EricAlper"/> "All The Love" sokwa na mmalite ya na North American na European legs nke Coldplay's Music of the Spheres world tour, ebe ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye nkwado na ebe ndị gụnyere Rogers Stadium na Toronto na 11 July, Camp Randall Stadium na Madison na 19 July, Nissan Stadium na Nashville na 22 July, na Wembley Stadium na London na 23 August. <ref name="Ticketmaster">{{Cite web|title=Ayra Starr Tickets {{!}} 2025-26 Tour & Concert Dates {{!}} Ticketmaster IE|url=https://www.ticketmaster.ie/ayra-starr-tickets/artist/5372192?hl=en-US|work=Ticketmaster Ireland|accessdate=30 December 2025|language=en}}</ref> Na 27 Septemba 2025, Starr mere "All The Love" na Global Citizen Festival na Great Lawn na Central Park, New York City, n'ihu ndị na-ege ntị karịrị mmadụ 60,000.<ref name="Afromixx">{{Cite news|author=Adegoke|first=Simisolaoluwa|title=Ayra Starr and Tyla Lead Africa’s Charge at Global Citizen Festival 2025|url=https://afromixx.com/ayra-starr-and-tyla-lead-africas-charge-at-global-citizen-festival-2025/|accessdate=30 December 2025|work=Afromixx|date=1 October 2025}}</ref> Ọ mechiri egwu egwu ya na "Strawberry Swing" nke Coldplay, nke Music-News.com kọwara dị ka "mmiri nraranye" maka ọrụ mmemme ahụ nke ịkwalite ike na Africa. Ka e mesịrị, ọ kpọpụtara Rema maka ihe ngosi mberede nke "[[Rush]]", "Calm Down", na "Baby (Is It a Crime) ".<ref name="MusicNews1">{{Cite news|author=Gandolfi|first=Marco|title=Ayra Starr electrifies Global Citizen Festival with surprise Rema performance|url=https://www.music-news.com/news/UK/184533/Ayra-Starr-electrifies-Global-Citizen-Festival-with-surprise-Rema-performance|accessdate=30 December 2025|work=Music-News.com|date=28 September 2025}}</ref> N'ọnwa Nọvemba 2025, Starr bụ onye isi nke Tidal Rave Festival na La Palm Royal Beach Hotel na Accra, na-aghọ onye isi mbụ na-abụghị onye Ghana na-ese ihe nkiri na akụkọ ihe mere eme ya afọ iri na atọ.<ref>{{Cite web|date=30 October 2025|title=Ayra Starr to perform at 2025 Tidal Rave Festival|url=https://www.myjoyonline.com/ayra-starr-to-perform-at-2025-tidal-rave-festival/|work=Joy Online|accessdate=30 December 2025}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=16 November 2025|title=Tidal Rave Festival 2025 draws crowds to La Palm Royal Beach with Black Sherif, Ayra Starr|url=https://ghanamusic.com/news/2025/11/15/tidal-rave-festival-2025-draws-crowds-to-la-palm-royal-beach-with-black-sherif-ayra-starr/|work=Ghana Music|accessdate=30 December 2025|archivedate=15 December 2025|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20251215195400/https://ghanamusic.com/news/2025/11/15/tidal-rave-festival-2025-draws-crowds-to-la-palm-royal-beach-with-black-sherif-ayra-starr/}}</ref> N'abalị iri na isii n'ọnwa Disemba, ọ kụrụ egwu piano nke egwu ahụ na A New York Evening na Ayra Starr, ihe omume Grammy Museum nke emere na National Sawdust na Brooklyn na-eme emume nhọpụta Grammy nke abụọ ya maka Best African Music Performance. <ref>{{Cite web|title=A New York Evening With Ayra Starr|url=https://grammymuseum.org/event/a-new-york-evening-with-ayra-starr/|work=[[Grammy Museum]]|accessdate=30 December 2025}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=28 November 2025|title=Ayra Starr to headline Grammy Museum conversation and performance in New York|url=https://notjustok.com/news/ayra-starr-to-headline-grammy-museum-conversation-and-performance-in-new-york/|work=Notjustok|accessdate=30 December 2025}}</ref> == Ihe nrite na ndị ọrụ == A na-enweta ihe nrite site na Tidal.<ref name="TidalMusic" /> * [[Ayra Starr]] - ederede egwu, olu * Protunez - ụbọ akwara * Prosper Agha Udu - ụbọ * Dada Femi Ayoola - ide egwu * John Ighodaro - ide abụ * Prince Omoferi - ide egwu * Teemode - mmepụta * [[Johnny Drille]] - mmepụta == Chaatị == {| class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center" |+Ihe ngosi kwa izu maka "All the Love" ! scope="col" |Chart (2025-2026) ! scope="col" |Ebe kachasị elu<br /> |- ! scope="row" |Naịjirịa (<nowiki><i id="mwAZI">TurnTable</i></nowiki> Top 100) |10 |- ! scope="row" |Suriname (Nationale Top 40) <ref>{{Cite web|title=Top 40 – 18 tot 25 December 2025|url=https://nationaletop40.sr/top40-18-tot-25-december-2025/|date=18 December 2025|accessdate=30 January 2026|language=nl|publisher=[[Nationale Top 40 Suriname]]}}</ref> |12 |-{{single chart|UKafrobeats|6|date=20250301|artist=Ayra Starr|song=All The Love|rowheader=true}} |} == Edemsibia == {{Reflist}}{{Ayra Starr}}  [[Otú:Pages with unreviewed translations]] ov8furaq3delgtirgnt9us2kyy2et5u 0 74423 644066 620826 2026-05-30T15:08:42Z Mirah50 16972 Fixed reference errors 644066 wikitext text/x-wiki   Tarana Burke (amuru na Septemba 12, 1973) bu onye America si New York City onye sụrụ ụzọ na mmegharị MeToo. Na 2006, Burke malitere MeToo dị ka mmemme ntorobịa maka ụmụ akwụkwọ etiti na ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị na ebumnuche nke ileba anya na mmụba nke ime ihe ike ụlọ. Ihe karịrị afọ iri ka e mesịrị, na 2017, #MeToo ghọrọ viral hashtag mgbe Alyssa Milano gbara ụmụ nwanyị ume ka ha tweet okwu ndị ahụ ma ọ bụrụ na ha enwetala mmekpa ahụ ma ọ bụ mbuso agha n'ihi ikpe gbasara mwakpo mmekọahụ Harvey Weinstein. Okwu na hashtag ngwa ngwa ghọrọ usoro mgbasa ozi mgbasa ozi zuru oke, ma mesịa gaa ụwa. Oge mbụ Burke, n'etiti otu ndị ọzọ a ma ama na-emeso ndị a na-akpọ "ndị na-agbazinye ego," ka a na-akpọ Time Person of the Year maka 2017. Burke bịakwara aka na I. International na 2018 dị ka onye nkwado maka mgbalị ahụ ma na-eje ozi dị ka Onye isi ọhụụ. N'afọ 2020, Mahadum Harvard bipụtara nyocha gbasara Burke.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Leading with Empathy: Tarana Burke and the Making of the Me Too Movement|url=https://case.hks.harvard.edu/leading-with-empathy-tarana-burke-and-the-making-of-the-me-too-movement/|accessdate=2023-11-21|work=HKS Case Program|language=en}}</ref> == Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ == Burke, onye obodo Bronx, New York, gara ụlọ akwụkwọ praịmarị Katọlik na Herbert H. Lehman High School. Mmasị ya maka nhazi obodo malitere na ngwụcha afọ 1980 mgbe, dị ka nwa agbọghọ, ọ sonyeere otu nzukọ mmepe ndị ntorobịa a na-akpọ 21st Century Youth Leadership Movement. Ọ gara Mahadum steeti Alabama, ụlọ ọrụ Black nke akụkọ ihe mere eme ma mesịa gaa Mahadum Auburn na Montgomery . <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.vibe.com/featured/tarana-burke-me-too-feature/|title=#MeToo Founder Tarana Burke Talks Sexual Assault, Stigmas And Society|date=April 3, 2018|work=Vibe|accessdate=April 30, 2018}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite news|url=http://www.columbiatribune.com/news/20180221/metoo-movement-founder-speaks-to-capacity-university-of-missouri-crowd|title=#MeToo movement founder speaks to capacity University of Missouri crowd|author=Tribune|first=Waverly Colville Columbia Daily|work=Columbia Daily Tribune|accessdate=April 30, 2018|language=en}}</ref> Mgbe ọ nọ na kọleji, ọ haziri nzukọ ndị nta akụkọ na ngagharị iwe lekwasịrị anya na ikpe ziri ezi agbụrụ.<ref name=":4" /> Ọ butere ụzọ na-edozi okwu ndị dị ka ịkpa ókè agbụrụ, enweghị nhata n'ụlọ, na ikpe ziri ezi n'ụzọ akụ na ụba. == Ọrụ == Onye na-eme ngagharị iwe kemgbe 1989, Burke kwagara Selma, Alabama, na ngwụcha afọ 1990 mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na kọleji. <ref name="Philly.com">{{Cite news|url=http://www.philly.com/philly/columnists/elizabeth_wellington/philly-me-too-movement-founder-tarana-burke-20171023.html|title=Tarana Burke: Me Too movement can't end with a hashtag|first=Elizabeth|last=Wellington|work=Philly.com|date=October 23, 2017|access-date=April 30, 2018|archive-date=May 8, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180508044806/http://www.philly.com/philly/columnists/elizabeth_wellington/philly-me-too-movement-founder-tarana-burke-20171023.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Mgbe ya na ndị lanarịrị [[Sexual violence|ime ihe ike mmekọahụ]] rụchara ọrụ, Burke mepụtara ụlọ ọrụ na-enweghị uru "Just Be Inc" na 2003, nke bụ mmemme ụmụ agbọghọ niile maka ụmụ agbọghọ ojii dị afọ 12 ruo 18. N'afọ 2006, Burke guzobere òtù MeToo wee malite iji ahịrịokwu "Me Too" mee ka a mara banyere mmetọ mmekọahụ na mwakpo na ọha mmadụ. <ref name=":32">{{Cite web|url=https://www.biography.com/people/tarana-burke|title=Tarana Burke|work=Biography|language=en-us|accessdate=April 30, 2018|archivedate=April 22, 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180422054552/https://www.biography.com/people/tarana-burke}}</ref><ref name=":5" /> N'afọ 2008, ọ kwagara Philadelphia ma rụọ ọrụ na Art Sanctuary Philadelphia na ụlọ ọrụ ndị ọzọ na-abụghị uru. <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.phillymag.com/news/2017/12/06/metoo-movement-tarana-burke/|title=The Woman Who Began the #MeToo Movement Was a Philly Activist|date=December 6, 2017|work=[[Philadelphia Magazine]]|accessdate=January 4, 2018|language=en-US}}</ref> Ọ bụ onye ndụmọdụ maka ihe nkiri Hollywood nke afọ 2014 <nowiki><i id="mwWg">Selma</i></nowiki>, nke dabeere na njem ntuli aka Selma na Montgomery nke afọ 1965 nke [[James Bevel]], Hosea Williams, [[Martin Luther King, Jr.|Martin Luther King Jr.]] na John Lewis duziri.<ref name=":3" /><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://variety.com/2018/biz/news/celebrities-bring-activists-golden-globes-emma-watson-meryl-streep-laura-dern-1202655789/|title=Emma Stone, Meryl Streep, Laura Dern to Be Accompanied by Activists at Golden Globes|author=Nyren|first=Erin|date=January 7, 2018|work=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]|accessdate=January 11, 2018|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://collider.com/selma-production-starts/|title=Production Begins on Paramount's Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. Biopic, SELMA, Starring David Oyelowo|author=Trumbore|first=Dave|date=May 20, 2014|accessdate=May 30, 2014|work=[[Collider (website)|Collider]]}}</ref> Burke bụ onye isi nduzi na Girls for Gender Equity . <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ggenyc.org/about/staff/|title=Girls for Gender Equity|accessdate=October 30, 2017|archivedate=December 1, 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171201042927/http://www.ggenyc.org/about/staff/}}</ref> Burke bụ ọkà okwu a ma ama n'ọtụtụ ihe omume ọha na eze gafee mba ahụ. Burke bipụtara akwụkwọ abụọ kachasị mma na New York Times: You Are Your Best Thing: Vulnerability, Shame Resilience, and the Black Experience (nke ya na Brené Brown dere maka Random House, Eprel 2021) na Unbound: My Story of Liberation and the Birth of the Me Too Movement (Flatiron Books, Septemba 2021). <ref>{{Cite web|title=You Are Your Best Thing: 9780593243626 {{!}} PenguinRandomHouse.com: Books|url=https://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/books/676547/you-are-your-best-thing-by-edited-by-tarana-burke-and-brene-brown/|accessdate=April 9, 2021|work=PenguinRandomhouse.com|language=en-US|archivedate=April 22, 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210422180502/https://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/books/676547/you-are-your-best-thing-by-edited-by-tarana-burke-and-brene-brown/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Unbound: My Story of Liberation and the Birth of the Me Too Movement|url=https://www.brooklinebooksmith.com/book/9781250621733|accessdate=April 9, 2021|work=brookline booksmith|language=en|archivedate=September 25, 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210925093137/https://www.brooklinebooksmith.com/book/9781250621733}}</ref> == Mgbalị == === Naanị bụrụ Inc. === N'afọ 1997, Burke zutere nwa agbọghọ aha ya bụ Heaven na Alabama onye gwara ya banyere mmetọ mmekọahụ nke enyi nwoke nne ya. Ọ na-ekwu na ọ maghị ihe ọ ga-ekwu, ọ hụtụbeghịkwa nwa agbọghọ ahụ ọzọ. Ọ na-ekwu na ọ chọrọ ka o kwuo "mụkwa." Burke ekwuola na ọ bịara kwere na ụmụ agbọghọ chọrọ "nlebara anya dị iche" karịa ndị ọgbọ ha nwoke.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Just Be Organization: Our Board|url=http://justbeinc.wixsite.com/justbeinc/board|work=Just Be Inc.|accessdate=May 2, 2019|archivedate=July 31, 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190731024125/https://justbeinc.wixsite.com/justbeinc/board}}</ref> Ihe omume a na ihe ndị ọzọ mere mere ka Burke guzobe Just Be Inc., otu nzukọ na-akwalite ahụike nke ụmụ agbọghọ dị afọ 12-18. N'afọ 2006, o mere MySpace page.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|author=Ohlheiser|first=Abby|title=The woman behind 'Me Too' knew the power of the phrase when she created it — 10 years ago|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/the-intersect/wp/2017/10/19/the-woman-behind-me-too-knew-the-power-of-the-phrase-when-she-created-it-10-years-ago/|accessdate=December 11, 2017|work=Washington Post|date=October 19, 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://justbeinc.wixsite.com/justbeinc/the-me-too-movement-cmml|title=justbeinc|publisher=Justbeinc.wixsite.com|accessdate=November 28, 2017|archivedate=November 30, 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171130003643/http://justbeinc.wixsite.com/justbeinc/the-me-too-movement-cmml}}</ref> Just Be Inc. natara Onyinye mbụ ya na 2007. <ref name=":0" /> Ka ọ na-erule n'ọnwa Disemba afọ 2017 Burke bụ Onye isi nchịkwa nke Girls for Gender Equity na [[Brooklyn]], nke na-agba mbọ inyere ụmụ agbọghọ na-acha uhie uhie aka ịbawanye mmepe ha n'ozuzu site na mmemme na klas dị iche iche.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.ggenyc.org/about/mission-vision/|title=Girls for Gender Equity|accessdate=January 5, 2018|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.ggenyc.org/2017/12/silence-breakers-like-gges-tarana-burke-named-time-person-of-the-year/|title='Silence Breakers' Like GGE's Tarana Burke named TIME Person of the Year|work=Girls for Gender Equity|accessdate=January 5, 2018|language=en-US}}</ref> [[Faịlụ:2018_Disobedience_Awards_at_the_MIT_Media_Lab_(44348553020).jpg|thumb|2018 Disobedience Awards na MIT Media Lab. Sherry Marts, BethAnn McLaughlin na Tarana Burke]] N'afọ 2006, Burke guzobere òtù MeToo wee malite iji ahịrịokwu "Me Too" mee ka a mara banyere mmetọ mmekọahụ na mwakpo na ọha mmadụ.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|url=https://www.biography.com/people/tarana-burke|title=Tarana Burke|work=Biography|language=en-us|accessdate=April 30, 2018|archivedate=April 22, 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180422054552/https://www.biography.com/people/tarana-burke}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.biography.com/people/tarana-burke "Tarana Burke"]. ''Biography''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20180422054552/https://www.biography.com/people/tarana-burke Archived] from the original on April 22, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 30,</span> 2018</span>.</cite></ref><ref name=":5">{{Cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/10/20/us/me-too-movement-tarana-burke.html|title=The Woman Who Created #MeToo Long Before Hashtags|author=Garcia|first=Sandra E.|date=October 20, 2017|accessdate=October 30, 2017|archivedate=December 6, 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171206053923/https://www.nytimes.com/2017/10/20/us/me-too-movement-tarana-burke.html}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFGarcia2017">Garcia, Sandra E. (October 20, 2017). [https://www.nytimes.com/2017/10/20/us/me-too-movement-tarana-burke.html "The Woman Who Created #MeToo Long Before Hashtags"]. ''[[The New York Times]]''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20171206053923/https://www.nytimes.com/2017/10/20/us/me-too-movement-tarana-burke.html Archived] from the original on December 6, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 30,</span> 2017</span>.</cite></ref> Okwu a bụ "Mụ onwe m" bụ okwu sara mbara nke sochiri iji #MeToo na 2017 dị ka hashtag na-esochi ebubo mwakpo mmekọahụ Harvey Weinstein. N'October 2017, onye na-eme ihe nkiri Alyssa Milano gbara ụmụ nwanyị ume ka ha kwuo "Mụ onwe m" ma ọ bụrụ na ha enwetala nsogbu ma ọ bụ enweghị ọrụ, na hashtag ngwa ngwa ghọrọ ihe na-emekarị. Milano na Burke jiri okwu ahụ mee ihe ngwa ngwa na Twitter, na-ede "Amụtara m banyere mmegharị #MeToo mbụ, ọ bụkwa ihe na-agbawa obi ma na-akpali akpali". [1] [2] Burke akwadola hashtag #MeToo. [1][3] ''Oge'' kpọrọ Burke, n'etiti otu ndị ọzọ a ma ama na-eme ihe na ndị lanarịrị mmetọ mmekọahụ a kpọrọ "ndị na-emebi mkpọtụ", dị ka Onye Oge nke Afọ maka afọ 2017.<ref name=":2" /> Mmekọrịta okwu ya gụnyere Mahadum Brown na Febụwarị 2018 na Calvary Episcopal Church (Pittsburgh) banyere mgbọrọgwụ nke òtù ahụ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.publicsource.org/tarana-burke-talks-to-a-pittsburgh-crowd-about-the-roots-of-metoo-and-her-response-to-its-viral-takeoff/|title=Tarana Burke talks to Pittsburgh crowd about the roots of #MeToo and her response to its viral takeoff|date=February 7, 2018|accessdate=May 3, 2022|archivedate=May 23, 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220523001243/https://www.publicsource.org/tarana-burke-talks-to-a-pittsburgh-crowd-about-the-roots-of-metoo-and-her-response-to-its-viral-takeoff/}}</ref> N'afọ 2021, Burke bipụtara akwụkwọ ncheta na-akọwa mmekọrịta ya na ahụmịhe ya na [[James Bevel|ndị isi nke òtù na-ahụ maka ihe ndị ruuru mmadụ]] nke akpọrọ: Unbound: My Story of Liberation and the Birth of the Me Too Movement . <ref name="unbound_nyt">{{Cite news|author=Kantor|first=Jodi|title=The Surprising Origins of #MeToo|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/09/10/books/tarana-burke-unbound-metoo.html|accessdate=October 22, 2021|work=New York Times|date=September 10, 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://static.macmillan.com/static/fib/unbound/|title=Unbound by Tarana Burke — Flatiron Books|date=September 14, 2021|isbn=9781250621733|author=Burke|first=Tarana|publisher=Flatiron Books|accessdate=October 22, 2021}}</ref> == Nsọpụrụ na onyinye == * 2017: ''Time,'' <nowiki><i id="mw7w">Time</i></nowiki> Person of the Year<ref name=":2">{{Cite news|url=http://www.businessinsider.com/metoo-movement-founder-tarana-burke-donald-trump-time-person-of-year-2017-12|title=The woman behind the #MeToo movement on why she would never meet with Trump|work=Business Insider|accessdate=December 28, 2017|language=en}}</ref> * 2018 ''Time'', ''100 Most Influential People of 2018'' * 2018: The Ridenhour Prizes, The Ridenhour Prize for Courage<ref>{{Cite web|title=2018 / Tarana Burke {{!}} Ridenhour.org|url=https://www.ridenhour.org/2018-tarana-burke/|accessdate=2023-02-21|work=www.ridenhour.org|archivedate=February 21, 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230221180212/https://www.ridenhour.org/2018-tarana-burke/}}</ref> * 2018: SheKnows Media, the VOTY (Voices of the Year) Catalyst Award<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://conferences.blogher.com/news/2018/1/24/announcing-the-2018-voices-of-the-year|title=Announcing the 2018 Voices of the Year|work=BlogHer|accessdate=October 30, 2018|language=en-US}}</ref> * 2019: Trailblazer Award winner<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-03-06|title=Exclusive: Watch #MeToo Founder Tarana Burke's Uplifting Speech from VH1 Trailblazer Honors|url=https://www.oprahdaily.com/entertainment/tv-movies/a26721553/vh1-trailblazer-honors-tarana-burke-speech/|accessdate=2023-02-21|work=Oprah Daily|language=en-us|archivedate=February 21, 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230221180221/https://www.oprahdaily.com/entertainment/tv-movies/a26721553/vh1-trailblazer-honors-tarana-burke-speech/}}</ref> * 2022: [[BBC 100 Women]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=BBC 100 Women 2022: Who is on the list this year?|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/resources/idt-75af095e-21f7-41b0-9c5f-a96a5e0615c1|accessdate=2022-12-10|work=BBC News|language=en-GB|archivedate=December 7, 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20221207131215/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/resources/idt-75af095e-21f7-41b0-9c5f-a96a5e0615c1}}</ref> == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * MeToo Movement [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Otú:Pages with unreviewed translations]] bk0uy5k91qlnr5z9wqbknbqkydjrybu 0 74425 644478 639002 2026-05-31T05:27:58Z Nachi kim 20090 Fixed reference error 644478 wikitext text/x-wiki   Tracy Chapman (amuru May 30, 1964) bu onye America na-ede ukwe. Bob Krasnow bịanyere aka na ya na Elektra Records na 1987. [1] N'afọ sochirinụ, ọ wepụtara album mpụta mbụ ya, Nelson Mandela 70th Birthday Tribute na-aga nke ọma nke azụmahịa, bụ nke Òtù Na-ahụ Maka Ụlọ Ọrụ Na-ahụ Maka Ndekọ America kwadoro 6 × platinum. Ndekọ a nwetara nhọpụta isii Grammy Award, gụnyere atọ maka Album nke Afọ, na-emeri atọ n'ime ha: Best Artist New, Best Female Pop Vocal Performance maka otu "Ọsọ ọsọ", na Best Contemporary Folk Album. Na 2025, akara ahụ gụnyere ọba na katalọgụ mba ya. N'afọ 1989, o wepụtara album ya nke abụọ, Crossroads, nke nwetara nhọpụta Grammy Award ọzọ maka Album Folk Contemporary kacha mma. Album ya nke atọ, Matters of the Heart, sochiri na 1992. album ya nke anọ, New Beginning, ewepụtara na 1995 ma bụrụkwa ihe ịga nke ọma ọzọ n'ụwa niile. Ndị RIAA kwadoro ya 5 × platinum ma gosipụta egwu bụ "Nye M Otu Ihe", nke nwetara ya nhọpụta Grammy Award maka Best Rock Song. Afọ ise ga-agafe tupu ewepụta album ya nke ise, Akụkọ Akụkọ (2000). Ka mmiri ozuzo na ebe ị bi na-esote na 2002 na 2005, n'otu n'otu. E wepụtara album studio ya na nso nso a, Our Bright Future, na 2008. E wepụtara album nchịkọta, Greatest Hits, na 2015. Na 2023, Chapman ghọrọ onye mbụ na-ese ihe nkiri ojii iji nweta ọnụ ọgụgụ mba nke otu obodo, na iji nweta mmeri nke National Music Association Award for Song of the Year, mgbe Luke Combs kpuchiri egwu ya "Ụgbọala Ọsọ". == Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ == A mụrụ Chapman na Cleveland, Ohio, na nne ya, bụ onye na-egwu egwu ukulele nke mbụ, kpọgara ya akwụkwọ mgbe ọ dị afọ atọ.[1] Ndị mụrụ ya gbara alụkwaghịm mgbe ọ dị afọ anọ.[2] Ọ malitere ịmụ egwu na ide abụ mgbe ọ dị obere. Ọ na-ekwu na ihe nkiri Hee Haw nwere ike imetụta ụdị egwu ya.[3] N'obodo ya bụ Cleveland, a kpagburu ya na mmegide ugboro ugboro n'oge ntorobịa ya.[4] A zụlitere ya dị ka onye Baptist, ọ gara ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị Episcopal <ref name="Ado">{{Cite news|author=Martin|first=Michel|url=https://www.npr.org/2009/08/20/112056043/without-further-ado-songstress-tracy-chapman-returns?ft=1&f=1003|title=Without Further Ado, Songster Tracy Chapman Returns|publisher=[[NPR]]|date=August 20, 2009|accessdate=July 21, 2019}}</ref> ma nabata ya na mmemme A Better Chance, nke na-akwado ụmụ akwụkwọ na ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọrịtandrị kọleji dị anya site na obodo ha. Ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Wooster School na [[Kónétíkùt|Connecticut]] wee gaa Mahadum Tufts, na-amụ gbasara ụmụ mmadụ.<ref name="biog">{{Cite web|url=http://www.about-tracy-chapman.net/biography-by-nigel-williamson-2001/|author=Williamson|first=Nigel|authorlink=Nigel Williamson|title=Tracy Chapman's Biography|work=About-Tracy-Chapman.net|date=March 11, 2008|accessdate=July 21, 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190819151933/http://www.about-tracy-chapman.net/biography-by-nigel-williamson-2001/|archivedate=August 19, 2019}}</ref><ref name="ambio"/><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.spin.com/2019/08/tracy-chapman-self-titled-july-1988-interview/|title=Tracy Chapman: Our 1988 Interview|work=Spin|date=August 18, 2019|accessdate=July 7, 2023}}</ref> Mgbe ọ bụ nwa akwụkwọ na Tufts, ọ na-agba bọọlụ n'ebe ndị dị nso, gụnyere Harvard Square na MBTA Red Line. <ref>{{Cite web|date=2003-02-23|title=Tracy Chapman: On snakes, faith and busking for food|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/music/features/tracy-chapman-on-snakes-faith-and-busking-for-food-120277.html|accessdate=2022-06-13|work=The Independent|language=en|archivedate=June 13, 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220613204530/https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/music/features/tracy-chapman-on-snakes-faith-and-busking-for-food-120277.html}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|author=Rosenwald|first=Michael S.|title=To Chapman, underground music is pure performance|date=November 26, 2003|url=https://archive.boston.com/news/local/articles/2003/11/26/to_chapman_underground_music_is_pure_performance/|work=[[The Boston Globe]]|accessdate=2022-06-13|language=en}}</ref> Chapman dekọrọ ihe ngosi nke egwu na ụlọ ọrụ redio Tufts University, WMFO, maka ebumnuche nwebisiinka mgbe ọ bụ nwa akwụkwọ na Tufts, iji gbanwere ikike ụlọ ọrụ ahụ ịkpọ egwu ya. <ref name="rollingstone">{{Cite web|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/lists/100-best-albums-of-the-eighties-20110418/tracy-chapman-tracy-chapman-19691231|title=100 Best Albums of the Eighties: Tracy Chapman, 'Tracy Chapman'|publisher=Rolling Stone|date=November 16, 1989|accessdate=January 25, 2024|archivedate=July 12, 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120712062558/http://www.rollingstone.com/music/lists/100-best-albums-of-the-eighties-20110418/tracy-chapman-tracy-chapman-19691231}}</ref> == Ọrụ == Chapman mere ihe ngosi izizi ya dị ka onye mmeghe maka onye ọsụ ụzọ Egwú ụmụ nwanyị Linda Tillery na Boston's Strand Theatre na Mee 3, 1985. <ref name="McLaughlin">{{Cite news|author=McLaughlin|first=Jeff|date=May 1, 1985|title=Linda Tillery's 'healing music'|work=[[The Boston Globe]]|page=78}}</ref> Nwa akwụkwọ ọzọ nke Tufts, Brian Koppelman, nụrụ ka ọ na-akpọ egwu ma mee ka nna ya, Charles Koppelman mara ya, na-egosi ya teepu ngosi ọ si na ụlọ ọrụ redio kọleji ya bubata nke nwere abụ "Talkin' 'bout a Revolution". Charles Koppelman, onye na-elekọta SBK Publishing, bịanyere aka na ya na 1986. Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Tufts na 1987, o nyeere ya aka ịbịanye aka na nkwekọrịta na Elektra Records.<ref name="ambio">{{Cite web|author=Erlewine|first=Stephen Thomas|authorlink=Stephen Thomas Erlewine|url=https://www.allmusic.com/artist/tracy-chapman-mn0000016281#biography|title=Tracy Chapman|work=[[AllMusic|All Music Guide]]|accessdate=January 25, 2024}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFErlewine">[[Stephen Thomas Erlewine|Erlewine, Stephen Thomas]]. [https://www.allmusic.com/artist/tracy-chapman-mn0000016281#biography "Tracy Chapman"]. ''[[AllMusic|All Music Guide]]''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 25,</span> 2024</span>.</cite></ref><ref name="rollingstone"/> [[Faịlụ:Tracy-Chapman_1988_by_Zoran_Veselinovic.jpg|thumb|Chapman na Budapest, Hungary, 1988]] Na Elektra, ọ tọhapụrụ ''Tracy Chapman'' (1988). A nabatara abọm ahụ nke ọma, <ref name="auto" /> ọ malitekwara ịgagharị ma wuo ndị na-akwado ya.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.hotpress.com/music/day-1988-tracy-chapman-starts-three-week-run-no-1-eponymous-debut-album-22778696|title=On this day in 1988: Tracy Chapman starts a three-week run at No. 1 with her eponymous debut album|first=Peter|author=Murphy|work=Hotpress|accessdate=April 7, 2020|archivedate=November 3, 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20201103083257/https://www.hotpress.com/music/day-1988-tracy-chapman-starts-three-week-run-no-1-eponymous-debut-album-22778696}}</ref> "Fast Car" malitere ịrị elu ya na chaatị US n'oge na-adịghị anya mgbe ọ rụchara ya na telivishọn Nelson Mandela 70th Birthday Tribute concert na Wembley Stadium na London na June 1988. N'egwuregwu ahụ, ọ malitere ime obere oge n'ehihie, mana ọ ruru ndị na-ege ntị ka ukwuu mgbe ọ nọ na nkeji ikpeazụ maka Stevie Wonder, onye nwere nsogbu teknụzụ.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Clayton|first=Richard|date=2016-09-26|title=The Life of a Song: 'Fast Car'|work=[[Financial Times]]|url=https://www.ft.com/content/d6ce495a-81bb-11e6-8e50-8ec15fb462f4|accessdate=2022-03-21}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=Springer|first=Jacqueline|date=June 12, 2018|title=BBC Radio 4 – Front Row, Tracy Chapman: remembering her remarkable debut 30 years on|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p069w23s|accessdate=2022-03-21|work=BBC|language=en-GB|archivedate=March 21, 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220321102239/https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p069w23s}}</ref> A na-ekwu na ọ pụtara na ọ na-eme ka ahịa nke otu na abọm dị ngwa.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Clayton-Lea|first=Tony|title=Tracy Chapman: 'Being in the public eye is uncomfortable for me'|url=https://www.irishtimes.com/culture/music/tracy-chapman-being-in-the-public-eye-is-uncomfortable-for-me-1.2433200|accessdate=2022-03-21|work=[[The Irish Times]]|language=en}}</ref> "Fast Car" ghọrọ No. 6 pop hit na <nowiki><i id="mwxA">Billboard</i></nowiki> Hot 100 maka izu na-agwụ na August 27, 1988. Rolling Stone weputara egwu ahụ na ọnụọgụ 167 na ndepụta ha nke 2010 nke "The 500 Greatest Songs of All Time". "Talkin' 'bout a Revolution", nke sochiri "Fast Car", depụtara na No. 75 ma soro ya "Baby Can I Hold You", nke ruru na No. 48. <ref name="grammys.com">{{Cite web|title=Tracy Chapman|url=https://www.grammy.com/artists/tracy-chapman/878|accessdate=July 1, 2023|publisher=[[The Recording Academy]]|archivedate=July 5, 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230705013758/https://www.grammy.com/artists/tracy-chapman/878}}</ref> Abọm ahụ rere nke ọma, na-aga ọtụtụ platinum ma merie Grammy Awards atọ, gụnyere nsọpụrụ maka ya dị ka Best New Artist . <ref name="grammys.com" /> Ka e mesịrị na 1988 ọ bụ onye na-eme ihe nkiri na Amnesty International Human Rights Now! Njem.<ref name="auto">{{Cite magazine |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/tracy-chapman-on-her-own-terms-60993/ |title=Tracy Chapman: On Her Own Terms |first=Steve |last=Pond |date=September 22, 1988 |magazine=[[Rolling Stone]] |access-date=March 13, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191015233243/https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/tracy-chapman-on-her-own-terms-60993/ |archive-date=October 15, 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref> Abọm ya na-esote, Crossroads (1989), enweghị ihe ịga nke ọma n'ahịa karịa nke mbụ ya, mana ọ ka nwetara ọkwa platinum na US. N'afọ 1992, o wepụtara Matters of the Heart . Abọm ya nke anọ, New Beginning (1995), gosipụtara ihe ịga nke ọma, na-ere ihe karịrị nde ise na US naanị.<ref name="riaa" /> Abọm ahụ gụnyere egwu egwu "Give Me One Reason", nke meriri Grammy nke 1997 maka Best Rock Song wee bụrụ egwu ya kachasị nwee ihe ịga nke ọma na US ruo ugbu a, na-arị elu na No. 3 na ''Billboard'' Hot 100, <ref name="riaa">{{cite certification |region=United States |certyear=2021 |artist=Tracy Chapman}}</ref> ma na-aga Platinum. E wepụtara abọm ya nke ise, Telling Stories, n'afọ 2000, ma mesịa bụrụ ọla edo.<ref name="riaa" /> O weputara abọm nke isii ya, Let It Rain, n'afọ 2002.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.theguardian.com/music/2002/oct/18/popandrock.artsfeatures5|title=CD: Tracy Chapman, Let It Rain|date=October 18, 2002|work=The Guardian}}</ref> Ọ bụ American Conservatory Theater nyere ya ọrụ ide egwu maka mmepụta nke Athol Fugard's Blood Knot, egwuregwu banyere ịkpa ókè agbụrụ na South Africa, nke emere na mbido afọ 2008.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Zack|first=Jessica Werner|title=A Guiding Hopefulness: An Interview with Tracy Chapman on ''Blood Knot''|publisher=American Conservatory Theater|url=https://www.act-sf.org/content/dam/act/education_department/words_on_plays/Blood%20Knot%20Words%20on%20Plays%20(2008).pdf|pages=28–30|accessdate=July 21, 2019}}</ref> Atlantic Records wepụtara abọm studio ya nke asatọ, Our Bright Future (2008). <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://dailyvoice.com/connecticut/danbury/neighbors/happy-birthday-to-danburys-tracy-chapman/441215/|title=Happy Birthday To Danbury's Tracy Chapman|date=March 30, 2014|work=Danbury Daily Voice|accessdate=January 12, 2022|archivedate=January 12, 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220112230358/https://dailyvoice.com/connecticut/danbury/neighbors/happy-birthday-to-danburys-tracy-chapman/441215/}}</ref> Abọm ahụ mere ka a họpụta ya na Grammy maka Best Contemporary Folk Album n'afọ sochirinụ.<ref name="grammys.com"/> [[Faịlụ:Photograph of Tracy Chapman and Eric Clapton Performing at a White House Special Olympics Dinner - DPLA - 95f7de6b7052d279d6d726552ea0ca25.jpg|áká_èkpè|thumb|Chapman na Eric Clapton n'elu ikpo okwu na White House Special dinner Olympics, December 1998]] A họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ onye otu 2014 Sundance Film Festival U.S. Documentary jury. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.broadwayworld.com/bwwtv/article/Tracy-Chapman-Dana-Stevens-Bryan-Singer-Max-Mayer-and-More-Among-2014-Sundance-Film-Festival-Jurors-20140109|title=Tracy Chapman, Dana Stevens, Bryan Singer, Max Mayer and More Among 2014 Sundance Film Festival Jurors|work=[[BroadwayWorld]]|date=January 9, 2014|accessdate=July 21, 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190721195529/https://www.broadwayworld.com/bwwtv/article/Tracy-Chapman-Dana-Stevens-Bryan-Singer-Max-Mayer-and-More-Among-2014-Sundance-Film-Festival-Jurors-20140109|archivedate=July 21, 2019}}</ref> Ọ rụrụ "Stand By Me" nke Ben E. King n'otu n'ime ihe omume ikpeazụ nke ''Late Show na David Letterman'' na Eprel 2015. Egwuregwu ahụ ghọrọ ihe na-ewu ewu ma bụrụ ihe a na-elekwasị anya na akụkọ akụkọ dị iche iche gụnyere ụfọdụ site na ''Billboard'' na The Huffington Post.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Pitney|first=Nico|authorlink=Nico Pitney|url=https://www.huffpost.com/entry/tracy-chapman-stand-by-me_n_7192080|title=Tracy Chapman Singing 'Stand By Me' Will Break Your Heart|work=[[HuffPost]]|date=June 12, 2015|accessdate=July 21, 2019}}</ref> [[Faịlụ:Tracy_Chapman_at_TED_conference_2007_by_jurvetson.jpg|alt=Chapman clapping and smiling|thumb|Chapman na 2007]] On November 20, 2015, she released ''Greatest Hits'', consisting of 18 tracks including the live version of "Stand by Me". The album is her first global compilation release.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.about-tracy-chapman.net/tracy-chapman-greatest-hits-2015/|title=Tracy Chapman Greatest Hits releases on November 20, 2015|publisher=About Tracy Chapman|date=October 16, 2015|accessdate=July 21, 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190721201055/http://www.about-tracy-chapman.net/tracy-chapman-greatest-hits-2015/|archivedate=July 21, 2019}}</ref> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template noprint noexcerpt Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to better sources. (March 2020)">better<span typeof="mw:Entity">&</nowiki>nbsp;<nowiki></span></nowiki>source<nowiki><span typeof="mw:Entity">&</nowiki>nbsp;<nowiki></span></nowiki>needed<nowiki></span></nowiki>''&#x5D;</sup> N'ọnwa Ọktoba 2018, ọ gbara onye rapper Nicki Minaj akwụkwọ maka mmebi iwu nwebiisinka, na-ebo ebubo na Minaj debara abụ ya "Baby Enwere m ike ijide gị".[1] Chapman kwuru na ọ 'gọrọ agọọ ugboro ugboro' ikike ka edoro ya akwụkwọ akụkọ "Baby Can I Jide Gị". Okwu ikpe ahụ kwuru na Minaj mebiri ikike nwebiisinka ya (a) site n'ịme abụ "Apology" na (b) site n'ikesa ya; ọ rịọrọ ka e nye iwu ka ọ gbochie Minaj ikiri egwu ahụ. Dị ka ikpe ahụ si kwuo, Chapman nwere ikike zuru oke nke egwu ahụ. Na Septemba 2020, onye ọka ikpe mpaghara US Virginia A. Phillips kpebiri ịkwado Minaj na ọnụ ọgụgụ nke mbụ, na-ekwupụta na ojiji Minaj ji abụ Chapman bụ iji ezi ihe eji ụfọdụ ihe nwebiisinka eme ihe.[2] Otú ọ dị, ọkàikpe ahụ kwuru na a ga-achụpụ ọnụ ọgụgụ nke abụọ nke ikpe ahụ. Na Jenụwarị 2021, ebibiri akwụkwọ ikpe ahụ ka Minaj gbara Chapman akwụkwọ maka $450,000.[3] Na mbido ntuli aka onye isi ala nke United States nke afọ 2020, ọ rụrụ "Talkin' 'bout a Revolution' na ''Late Night na Seth Meyers'', na-agba ndị mmadụ ume ịtụ vootu.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-11-03|title=Tracy Chapman makes rare TV appearance as she urges Americans to vote|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/music/news/tracy-chapman-seth-meyers-performance-vote-us-election-b1554908.html|accessdate=2022-04-05|work=The Independent|language=en|archivedate=April 5, 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220405163147/https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/music/news/tracy-chapman-seth-meyers-performance-vote-us-election-b1554908.html}}</ref> Mgbe Luke Combs' version of her song "Fast Car" hit number one on the Country Airplay chart in July 2023, Chapman ghọrọ Black woman mbụ na-enweta a country number one with a solo composition. Na 57th Annual Country Music Association Awards na Nọvemba 2023, ọ ghọrọ nwanyị ojii mbụ weghaara CMA Award, merie Song of the Year maka "Fast Car", nke mekwara ka ọ bụrụ onye edemede egwu ojii mbụ meriri ihe nrite ahụ.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Yahr|first=Emily|date=2023-11-09|title=CMA Awards 2023: Complete list of winners, best and worst moments|language=en-US|work=[[The Washington Post]]|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/entertainment/2023/11/09/cma-awards-2023-best-worst-moments/|accessdate=2023-11-09}}</ref><ref name="cma">{{Cite news|author=Ives|first=Mike|date=2023-11-09|title=35 Years After Its Debut, Tracy Chapman's 'Fast Car' Wins a Song of the Year Award|language=en-US|work=[[The New York Times]]|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2023/11/09/arts/music/tracy-chapman-cma-awards-fast-car.html|accessdate=2023-11-09}}</ref> N'oge 66th Grammy Awards na Febụwarị 4, 2024, ọ sonyeere Combs n'elu ikpo okwu iji bụrụ "Fast Car". <ref>{{Cite web|author=Flam|first=Charna|date=4 February 2024|title=Tracy Chapman Delivers Rare 'Fast Car' Performance with Luke Combs at 2024 Grammys|url=https://people.com/2024-grammys-luke-combs-and-tracy-chapman-perform-duet-of-fast-car-at-2024-grammy-awards-8558351|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240205033248/https://people.com/2024-grammys-luke-combs-and-tracy-chapman-perform-duet-of-fast-car-at-2024-grammy-awards-8558351|archivedate=5 February 2024|accessdate=5 February 2024|work=[[People (magazine)|People]]}}</ref> == Mgbalị ọha na eze == Chapman na-etinye aka na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na ọha mmadụ. N'ajụjụ ọnụ 2009 na National Public Radio, o kwuru, sị, "M na-abịakwute m site n'ọtụtụ òtù na ọtụtụ ndị na-achọ ka m kwado mgbalị ọrụ ebere ha dị iche iche n'ụzọ ụfọdụ. M na-ele anya na arịrịọ ndị ahụ na m na-agbalị ime ihe m nwere ike ime. Na enwere m ụfọdụ ọdịmma onwe onye, n'ozuzu mmasị na ikike mmadụ. Nkwuwapụta Ụwa Nile nke Human Rights na Amnesty International na-asọpụrụ ndị ọchịchị Africa.[2] N'otu afọ ahụ, ọ rụrụ ọrụ na Nelson Mandela ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị. 70th birthday, ihe omume nke welitere ego maka South Africa Anti-Apartheid Movement na ọtụtụ ọrụ ebere ụmụaka. a duet na Luciano Pavarotti's "Baby M Pụrụ ijide Gị n'abalị a"[4] N'afọ 2004, ọ rụrụ ma mee na mmemme AIDS/LifeCycle. Ọ na-etinye aka na ụlọ akwụkwọ elementrị nke Cleveland, na-emepụta vidiyo egwu agụmakwụkwọ na-egosipụta ihe ndị a rụzuru n'akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Africa na America. Ọ kwadoro "Crossroads in Black History", asọmpi edemede maka ụmụ akwụkwọ ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị na Cleveland na obodo ndị ọzọ.<ref>{{Cite journal|title=School Uses Video To Teach Black History|journal=Curriculum Review|year=1990|volume=29|issue=8|pages=11}}</ref> Ọ natara nzere doctorate na Mahadum Saint Xavier dị na Chicago na 1997. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.sxu.edu/student-life/events/commencement/previous-honorary-degree-recipients.asp|title=Previous honorary degree recipients|publisher=Saint Xavier University|accessdate=July 21, 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190721195528/https://www.sxu.edu/student-life/events/commencement/previous-honorary-degree-recipients.asp|archivedate=July 21, 2019}}</ref> N'afọ 2004, e nyere ya nzere doctorate na Fine Arts site n'aka alma mater ya, Mahadum Tufts, na-amata mkpebi ya maka ọrụ mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Commencement Speaker Announced|url=http://www.about-tracy-chapman.net/2004-tracy-chapman-doctor-of-fine-arts/|work=E-News|publisher=Tufts University|date=May 23, 2004|accessdate=July 21, 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190721195528/http://www.about-tracy-chapman.net/2004-tracy-chapman-doctor-of-fine-arts/|archivedate=July 21, 2019}}</ref>   N'abalị iri na isii n'ọnwa Eprel afọ 2023, ndị isi ala South Africa mara ọkwa na a ga-enye Chapman na ndị ọzọ National Order - The Order of the Companions of O. R. Tambo nke "na-amata ndị mba ọzọ a ma ama maka ọbụbụenyi egosiri South Africa. Ya mere, ọ bụ Order of peace, cooperation and active expression of solidarity and support". E nyere ya Silver "maka enyemaka ya na ọgụ maka nnwere onwe site na Ntinye aka na mgbalị iji tọhapụ Nelson Mandela na ịkwalite mmata banyere mmebi ikike mmadụ n'ememe n'ụwa niile". <ref>{{Cite web|title=Announcement of the 2023 National Order Awards nominated names by Director-General of The Presidency, Phindile Baleni|url=https://www.thepresidency.gov.za/press-statements/announcement-2023-national-order-awards-nominated-names-director-general-presidency,-phindile-baleni|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230418064745/https://www.thepresidency.gov.za/press-statements/announcement-2023-national-order-awards-nominated-names-director-general-presidency%2C-phindile-baleni|archivedate=April 18, 2023|date=April 16, 2023|accessdate=April 20, 2023|publisher=Presidency of South Africa}}</ref> Ememe n'April 28, 2023 Chapman na-emekarị ihe omume ebere dịka Make Poverty History, AmfAR, na AIDS / LifeCycle. Ọ bụ onye na-akwado ụmụ nwanyị.<ref name="Fleming">{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2008/oct/31/tracy-chapman-women-pop-usa|title=Amy Fleming on Tracy Chapman, the quiet revolutionary|first=Amy|author=Fleming|work=[[The Guardian]]|date=October 31, 2008|accessdate=March 13, 2020}}</ref> == Ndụ onwe onye == Ọ bụ ezie na Chapman ekwughị n'ihu ọha banyere mmasị mmekọahụ ya, onye edemede Alice Walker kwuru na ya na Chapman nọ na mmekọrịta ịhụnanya n'etiti afọ ndị 1990. <ref>{{Cite news|author=Wajid|first=Sara|authorlink=Sara Wajid|url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2006/dec/15/gender.world|title=No retreat|work=[[The Guardian|Guardian]]|date=December 15, 2006|accessdate=July 21, 2019}}</ref><ref name="Brownworth">{{Cite news|author=Brownworth|first=Victoria A.|date=February 15, 2024|title=Tracy Chapman, Valentine's Day and the subversive stories of our lives|url=https://epgn.com/2024/02/15/tracy-chapman-valentines-day-and-the-subversive-stories-of-our-lives/|work=Philadelphia Gay News|accessdate=July 23, 2025}}</ref> Chapman na-enwe nkewa siri ike n'etiti ndụ onwe ya na nke ọrụ ya.<ref name="auto1">{{Cite web|date=2002-10-15|title=2002 - Tracy Chapman still introspective?|url=https://www.about-tracy-chapman.net/2002-tracy-chapman-still-introspective/|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090823000412/http://www.about-tracy-chapman.net/2002-tracy-chapman-still-introspective/|archivedate=2009-08-23|accessdate=2024-02-06|work=About Tracy Chapman|language=en-US}}</ref> "Enwere m ndụ ọha na eze nke bụ ndụ ọrụ m ma enwere m ndụ onwe m", ka o kwuru. "N'ụzọ ụfọdụ, mkpebi nke idebe ihe abụọ ahụ dị iche na-emetụta ọrụ m na-eme. " Chapman bi na San Francisco. <ref name="auto1" /><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/02/06/arts/music/tracy-chapman-career.html|title=Where Has Tracy Chapman Been? Her Grammys Triumph Has Fans Wondering|work=The New York Times|date=February 6, 2024|first=Ben|author=Sisario|accessdate=March 25, 2024}}</ref> == Ihe Nketa == A gụrụ otu okporo ámá aha Tracy Chapman na Saint-Jean-d'Heurs, obodo ime obodo nke [[France]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://adresse.data.gouv.fr/carte-base-adresse-nationale?id=63364_jfm4sm#45.809850_3.447200_15.61|title=Rue Tracy Chapman: Saint-Jean-d'Heurs (63364)|work=data.gouv.fr|date=October 8, 2023|accessdate=June 2, 2025}}</ref> == Nkọwapụta == === Abọm studio === * ''Tracy Chapman'' (1988) * ''Okporo ụzọ'' (1989) * ''Ihe Ndị Dị n'Obi'' (1992) * ''Mmalite Ọhụrụ'' (1995) * ''Akụkọ Akụkọ'' (2000) * ''Ka mmiri zoo'' Ka O Suo (2002) * ''Ebe Ị Bi'' (2005) * Ọdịnihu Anyị Dị Mma (2008) == Onyinye na nhọpụta == === Ihe nrite Grammy === {| class="wikitable" ! colspan="6" align="center" |Ihe nrite Grammy |- !Afọ ! style="width:200px;" |Ọrụ ! style="width:300px;" |Ihe nrite ! width="65" |Nsonaazụ ! width="20" |Nkwupụta |- |- | rowspan="6" |1989 |Ya onwe ya |Onye Ọhụrụ Kasị Mma|{{Won}} | rowspan="6" align="center" |<ref name="grammys.com"/> |- | rowspan="2" |''Tracy Chapman'' |Album nke Afọ|{{Nom}} |- |Album Folk nke Oge A Kasị Mma|{{Won}} |- | rowspan="3" |"Ụgbọ ala dị ngwa" |Ihe ndekọ nke Afọ|{{Nom}} |- |Abụ nke Afọ|{{Nom}} |- |Egwú Pop Pop Kasị Mma nke Ụmụ nwanyị|{{Won}} |- | rowspan="1" |1990 |''Okporo ụzọ'' |Album Folk nke Oge A Kasị Mma|{{Nom}} | align="center" |<ref name="grammys.com" /> |- | rowspan="5" |1997 |''Mmalite Ọhụrụ'' |Album Pop Kasị Mma|{{Nom}} | rowspan="5" align="center" |<ref name="grammys.com" /> |- | rowspan="4" |"Nye m otu ihe kpatara ya" |Ihe ndekọ nke Afọ|{{Nom}} |- |Abụ nke Afọ|{{Nom}} |- |Egwú Rock Kasị Mma nke Ụmụ nwanyị|{{Nom}} |- |Abụ Rock Kasị Mma|{{Won}} |- |2010 |''Ọdịnihu Anyị Na-egbukepụ Egwu'' |Album Folk nke Oge A Kasị Mma|{{Nom}} | align="center" |<ref name="grammys.com" /> |} === Ihe nrite na nhọpụta ndị ọzọ === {| class="wikitable" !Afọ !Ememe !Ihe nrite !Ọrụ ndị a họpụtara !Nsonaazụ !Nkwupụta |- | rowspan="1" |1988 | rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;" |Ihe nrite egwu Billboard |Vidio Nwanyị Kasị Mma | style="text-align:center;" |"Ụgbọ ala dị ngwa"|{{Won}} | align="center" |<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.imdb.com/event/ev0004207/1988/1|title=Billboard Music Awards – 1988 Awards|publisher=[[IMDb]]|accessdate=December 29, 2021|archivedate=December 30, 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211230054017/https://www.imdb.com/event/ev0004207/1988/1}}</ref> |- | rowspan="8" |1989 | rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;" |Onyinye Egwú Soul Train |Best R&B/Urban Contemporary Album of the Year, Female | rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |''Tracy Chapman''|{{Nom}} | align="center" |<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.imdb.com/event/ev0005174/1989/1|title=Soul Train Awards – 1989 Awards|publisher=[[IMDb]]|accessdate=December 29, 2021|archivedate=December 30, 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211230054020/https://www.imdb.com/event/ev0005174/1989/1}}</ref> |- | rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;" |Ihe nrite Egwú Danish |Album mba ụwa kacha mma|{{Won}} | |- | rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |Onyinye BRIT |Iwu Kasị Mma nke Mba Nile | rowspan="3" style="text-align:center;" |Ya onwe ya|{{Won}} | rowspan="2" align="center" |<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.imdb.com/event/ev0000122/1989/1|title=Brit Awards – 1989 Awards|publisher=[[IMDb]]|accessdate=December 29, 2021|archivedate=December 30, 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211230054019/https://www.imdb.com/event/ev0000122/1989/1}}</ref> |- |Nwanyị Kasị Mma nke Mba Nile|{{Won}} |- | rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;" |Onyinye Edison |Onye na-agụ egwú / Onye na-ede egwú kacha mma|{{Won}} | |- | rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;" |MTV Video Music Awards |Vidio Nwanyị Kasị Mma | style="text-align:center;" |"Ụgbọ ala dị ngwa"|{{Nom}} | align="center" |<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.imdb.com/event/ev0003172/1989/1|title=MTV Video Music Awards – 1989 Awards|publisher=[[IMDb]]|accessdate=December 29, 2021|archivedate=December 30, 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211230054018/https://www.imdb.com/event/ev0003172/1989/1}}</ref> |- | rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |Ihe nrite egwu America |Onye na-eme ihe nkiri Pop/Rock ọhụrụ kachasị amasị ya | rowspan="3" style="text-align:center;" |Ya onwe ya|{{Won}} | rowspan="2" align="center" |<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.imdb.com/event/ev0005158/1989/1|title=American Music Awards – 1989 Awards|publisher=[[IMDb]]|accessdate=December 29, 2021|archivedate=December 30, 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211230054023/https://www.imdb.com/event/ev0005158/1989/1}}</ref> |- |Nwanyị na-eme ihe nkiri Pop/Rock kachasị amasị ya|{{Nom}} |- |1993 | rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;" |Onyinye ECHO |Nwanyị Kasị Mma nke Mba Nile|{{Nom}} | |- | rowspan="2" |1996 | rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;" |MTV Video Music Awards |Vidio Nwanyị Kasị Mma | rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |"Nye m otu ihe kpatara ya"|{{Nom}} | align="center" |<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.imdb.com/event/ev0003172/1996/1|title=MTV Video Music Awards – 1996 Awards|publisher=[[IMDb]]|accessdate=December 29, 2021|archivedate=December 30, 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211230054022/https://www.imdb.com/event/ev0003172/1996/1}}</ref> |- | rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;" |APRA Music Awards |Ọrụ Mba Ọzọ A Na-arụkarị|{{Nom}} | align="center" |<ref>{{Cite web|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090918020340/http://www.apra-amcos.com.au/APRAAwards/MusicAwards/Nominations/Nominations1996.aspx|url=http://www.apra-amcos.com.au/APRAAwards/MusicAwards/Nominations/Nominations1996.aspx|title=Nominations – 1996|publisher=Australasian Performing Right Association (APRA) &#124; Australasian Mechanical Copyright Owners Society (AMCOS)|archivedate=September 18, 2009|accessdate=September 10, 2018}}</ref> |- |2001 | rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;" |California Music Awards |Nwanyị Na-agụ Egwú | style="text-align:center;" |Ya onwe ya|{{Nom}} | align="center" |<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.about-tracy-chapman.net/2001-california-music-awards/|title=Tracy Chapman @ California Music Awards 2001|publisher=About Tracy Chapman|date=April 26, 2001|accessdate=July 21, 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210122122236/http://www.about-tracy-chapman.net/2001-california-music-awards/|archivedate=January 22, 2021}}</ref> |- | rowspan="1" |2002 | rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;" |IFPI Platinum Europe Music Awards |Aha abọm | style="text-align:center;" |''Nchịkọta''|{{Won}} | |- | rowspan="1" |2006 | rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;" |Ihe nrite egwu nke Meteor Ireland |Nwanyị Kasị Mma nke Mba Nile | style="text-align:center;" |Ya onwe ya|{{Nom}} | |- | rowspan="1" |2009 | rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;" |SXSWi: Ihe nrite Web |Egwú Pop | style="text-align:center;" |Ya onwe ya|{{Nom}} | |- | rowspan="1" |2023 | rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;" |Ihe nrite nke Country Music Association |Abụ nke Afọ | rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |"Ụgbọ ala dị ngwa"|{{Won}} | align="center" |<ref name="cma"/> |- | rowspan="2" |2024 | rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;" |Academy of Country Music Awards |Abụ nke Afọ|{{Nom}} | align="center" | |- | rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;" |Induction na Onyinye Gala |Ndị na-ede abụ Hall Of Fame | align="center" |Ya onwe ya|{{Nom}} | align="center" | |} == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga ==   * Tracy ChapmannaAllMusic * Tracy Chapmandiski naDiscogs * Tracy Chapmandiski naMusicBrainz {{s-start}} {{s-ach}} {{succession box|title=[[Grammy Award for Best New Artist]]|years=1989|before=[[Jody Watley]]|after=[[Milli Vanilli]] (Award later revoked)}} {{succession box|title=[[Grammy Award for Best Female Pop Vocal Performance]]|years=1989 <br>'''for "[[Fast Car]]" '''|before=[[Whitney Houston]]<br>for "[[I Wanna Dance with Somebody (Who Loves Me)]]"|after=[[Bonnie Raitt]] <br>for "[[Nick of Time (album)|Nick of Time]]"}} {{succession box|title=[[Grammy Award for Best Contemporary Folk Album]]|years=1989 <br>'''for ''[[Tracy Chapman (album)|Tracy Chapman]]'' '''|before=[[Steve Goodman]] <br>for ''Unfinished Business''|after=[[Indigo Girls]] <br>for ''[[Indigo Girls (album)|Indigo Girls]]''}} {{succession box|title=[[Grammy Award for Best Rock Song]]|years=1997 <br>'''for "[[Give Me One Reason]]" '''|before=[[Glen Ballard]] and [[Alanis Morissette]] <br>for "[[You Oughta Know]]"|after=[[The Wallflowers]] <br>for "[[One Headlight]]"}} {{s-end}} [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Otú:Articles with hCards]] [[Otú:Short description is different from Wikidata]] [[Otú:Articles with short description]] [[Otú:Pages with unreviewed translations]] q0l8ulpxgb8065qnjx64ypbrfq1xpjy 0 74762 644228 637910 2026-05-30T19:40:26Z Wikipedian12512(alt) 61413 ce 644228 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Emmanuel Matthew Paul Edeh''' {{Audio|LL-Q1860 (eng)-Chikeme Chizurum-Emmanuel Matthew Paul Edeh.wav|Listen}} (amụrụ na iri abụọ May 1947)<ref>{{Cite web|title=About|url=https://www.fatheredeh.org/about/|accessdate=2025-06-26|language=en-US|work=fatheredeh.org|archivedate=2025-06-26|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20250626194641/https://www.fatheredeh.org/about/}}</ref> nke a maara nke ọma dị ka '''Nna Edeh''' bụ Onye ụkọchukwu Katọlik, onye ọkà ihe ọmụma, onye nkuzi, na onye na-eme ebere si Enugu State.<ref>{{Cite web|date=1947-05-20|title=Father Edeh - Igbo Genealogy And Biographies|url=https://biography.igbopeople.org/biography/father-edeh/|accessdate=2025-06-26|work=biography.igbopeople.org|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2024-03-21|title=rev father emmanuel edeh • Channels Television|url=https://www.channelstv.com/2024/03/20/videoits-only-in-madonna-university-that-girls-graduate-as-virgins-founder/rev-father-emmanuel-edeh/|accessdate=2025-06-30|work=Channels Television|language=en}}</ref> Ọ bụ onye isi ala na onye nchoputa Mahadum Madonna, mahadum Katọlik mbụ na Naijiria nke tọrọ ntọala na 1999. <ref>{{Cite web|date=2016-09-05|title=About Us|url=https://www.madonnauniversity.edu.ng/about-us/|accessdate=2025-06-26|language=en-US|work=[[Madonna University, Nigeria|Madonna University]]}}</ref> Ọ bụkwa onye nchoputa [[Caritas University|Mahadum Caritas]], guzosie ike na 2004, na OSISATECH, ụlọ akwụkwọ polytechnic nke onwe ya na Enugu State guzosie ike na 1989. <ref>{{Cite web|title=About|url=http://caritasuni.edu.ng/documents/About.html|accessdate=2025-06-26|work=[[Caritas University]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=Nigeria|first=Media|date=2018-06-15|title=Biography Of Father Edeh|url=https://www.medianigeria.com/biography-of-father-edeh/|accessdate=2025-06-30|work=Media Nigeria|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Brief Profile of the Founder|url=https://osisat.edu.ng/brief-profile-of-the-founder/|accessdate=2025-06-26|work=[[Our Saviour Institute of Science and Technology|OSISATECH]]|language=en-US}}</ref> A na-ekwu na ọ bụ ụkọchukwu Katọlik kacha baa ọgaranya na [[Naijiria|Naịjirịa]]. <ref>{{Cite news|author=Ukonu|first=Ivory|date=2022-11-06|title=Meet World's Richest Catholic Priest|url=https://thewillnews.com/meet-worlds-richest-catholic-priest/|accessdate=2025-06-26|language=en-US|work=[[The Will (newspaper)|The Will]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|author=Nwafor|date=2022-01-14|title=Father Edeh disowns Pro-Biafra Facebook Post|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2022/01/father-edeh-disowns-pro-biafra-facebook-post/|accessdate=2025-06-30|work=[[Vanguard (Nigeria)|Vanguard]]|language=en-GB}}</ref>   == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}} [[Otú:Ndị Igbo]] [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 0poqmytcggzted9djeml9dn9hhrcljo 644304 644228 2026-05-30T20:42:36Z Neme244 16387 added DEFAULTSORT 644304 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Emmanuel Matthew Paul Edeh''' {{Audio|LL-Q1860 (eng)-Chikeme Chizurum-Emmanuel Matthew Paul Edeh.wav|Listen}} (amụrụ na iri abụọ May 1947)<ref>{{Cite web|title=About|url=https://www.fatheredeh.org/about/|accessdate=2025-06-26|language=en-US|work=fatheredeh.org|archivedate=2025-06-26|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20250626194641/https://www.fatheredeh.org/about/}}</ref> nke a maara nke ọma dị ka '''Nna Edeh''' bụ Onye ụkọchukwu Katọlik, onye ọkà ihe ọmụma, onye nkuzi, na onye na-eme ebere si Enugu State.<ref>{{Cite web|date=1947-05-20|title=Father Edeh - Igbo Genealogy And Biographies|url=https://biography.igbopeople.org/biography/father-edeh/|accessdate=2025-06-26|work=biography.igbopeople.org|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2024-03-21|title=rev father emmanuel edeh • Channels Television|url=https://www.channelstv.com/2024/03/20/videoits-only-in-madonna-university-that-girls-graduate-as-virgins-founder/rev-father-emmanuel-edeh/|accessdate=2025-06-30|work=Channels Television|language=en}}</ref> Ọ bụ onye isi ala na onye nchoputa Mahadum Madonna, mahadum Katọlik mbụ na Naijiria nke tọrọ ntọala na 1999. <ref>{{Cite web|date=2016-09-05|title=About Us|url=https://www.madonnauniversity.edu.ng/about-us/|accessdate=2025-06-26|language=en-US|work=[[Madonna University, Nigeria|Madonna University]]}}</ref> Ọ bụkwa onye nchoputa [[Caritas University|Mahadum Caritas]], guzosie ike na 2004, na OSISATECH, ụlọ akwụkwọ polytechnic nke onwe ya na Enugu State guzosie ike na 1989. <ref>{{Cite web|title=About|url=http://caritasuni.edu.ng/documents/About.html|accessdate=2025-06-26|work=[[Caritas University]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=Nigeria|first=Media|date=2018-06-15|title=Biography Of Father Edeh|url=https://www.medianigeria.com/biography-of-father-edeh/|accessdate=2025-06-30|work=Media Nigeria|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Brief Profile of the Founder|url=https://osisat.edu.ng/brief-profile-of-the-founder/|accessdate=2025-06-26|work=[[Our Saviour Institute of Science and Technology|OSISATECH]]|language=en-US}}</ref> A na-ekwu na ọ bụ ụkọchukwu Katọlik kacha baa ọgaranya na [[Naijiria|Naịjirịa]]. <ref>{{Cite news|author=Ukonu|first=Ivory|date=2022-11-06|title=Meet World's Richest Catholic Priest|url=https://thewillnews.com/meet-worlds-richest-catholic-priest/|accessdate=2025-06-26|language=en-US|work=[[The Will (newspaper)|The Will]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|author=Nwafor|date=2022-01-14|title=Father Edeh disowns Pro-Biafra Facebook Post|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2022/01/father-edeh-disowns-pro-biafra-facebook-post/|accessdate=2025-06-30|work=[[Vanguard (Nigeria)|Vanguard]]|language=en-GB}}</ref>   == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Edeh, Emmanuel}} [[Otú:Ndị Igbo]] [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] knykj9tsfjikbwqjzms8m1ep680zm8u 0 74803 644107 629272 2026-05-30T16:00:18Z Neme244 16387 added DEFAULTSORT 644107 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder | name = Emmanuel Anosike | office = Senator | order = 5th National Assembly | succeeded = [[Joy Emodi]] | occupation = Politician | constituency = [[Anambra North senatorial district]] }} '''Emmanuel Anosike''' {{Audio|Ig-Emmanuel Anosike.ogg|Listen}} bụ onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Naijiria. Ọ nọchitere anya Anambra North senatorial district na ọgbakọ omebe iwu nke ise. Joy Emodi nọchiri ya.[1][2] {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Anosike, Emmanuel}} [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] nwadwdgucfn4e154i2crn3b2k40ghhj 0 74903 644365 631009 2026-05-30T22:05:04Z Iwuala chisom 17246 Added {{DEFAULTSORT}} 644365 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Elizabeth Mpofu''' Ọ bụ obere onye ọrụ ugbo organic, onye edemede na onye na-akwado ikike mmadụ nke bi na Zimbabwe. Ọ bụ onye nhazi izugbe nke Via Campesina, na n'afọ 2016 ọ bụkwa onye nnọchi anya pụrụ iche na Food and Agriculture Organisation nke United Nations (FAO) maka International Year of Pulses. Ọ bụkwa onye guzobere ma bụrụkwa onyeisi oche nke ZIMSOFF (Zimbabwe Smallholder Organic Farmers Forum). == Oge ọ malitere == A mụrụ Elizabeth Mpofu n'afọ 1959. O nwere ụmụ atọ na ụmụ ụmụ itoolu.<ref name="Naturally" /> Mpofu bụ obere onye ọrụ ugbo nke bi na Masvingo Province na [[Zimbabwe]] . <ref name="FoodTank">{{Cite news|title=20 Heroines Revolutionizing Food Activism|url=https://foodtank.com/news/2020/03/20-heroines-revolutionizing-food-activism-to-improve-the-planet/|accessdate=10 March 2020|work=Food Tank|date=5 March 2020}}</ref> O nwere ugbo ya dị hekta 10 n'ihi usoro mgbanwe ala malitere na 2000.<ref name="Doors">{{Cite news|author=L. Biron|first=Carey|title=Global recognition 'opens doors' for peasant groups, right to land|url=https://news.trust.org/item/20191218052844-hjd95|accessdate=10 March 2020|work=news.trust.org|date=18 December 2019}}</ref> Ọ na-akụ ọka, legumes na agwa ndị ọzọ.<ref name="Pulse">{{Cite news|author=Bafana|first=Busani|title=The Beating Pulse of Food Security in Africa|url=http://www.ipsnews.net/2016/10/the-beating-pulse-of-food-security-in-africa/|accessdate=10 March 2020|work=www.ipsnews.net|date=16 October 2016}}</ref> == Mgbalị == Mpofu ghọrọ onye otu Association of Zimbabwe Traditional Environmental Conservationists na 1982. <ref name="RadioMundo" /> O mechara bụrụ onye otu ndị guzobere ZIMSOFF (Zimbabwe Smallholder Organic Farmers Forum). Na 2016, a họpụtara ya dịka onye nnọchi anya pụrụ iche na Food and Agriculture Organization nke United Nations (FAO) maka Afọ Nkụcha Mba Nile. . <ref name="Naturally">{{Cite news|author=Davies|first=Sara|title=Elizabeth Mpofu, Africa’s Pulse Ambassador|url=http://naturallyzimbabwean.com/2016/12/31/elizabeth-mpofu-africas-pulse-ambassador/|accessdate=10 March 2020|work=Naturally Zimbabwean|date=31 December 2016}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFDavies2016">Davies, Sara (31 December 2016). . ''Naturally Zimbabwean''. Archived from [https://web.archive.org/web/20190810094456/http://naturallyzimbabwean.com/2016/12/31/elizabeth-mpofu-africas-pulse-ambassador/ the original] on 10 August 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 March</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> Mpofu bụ ugbu a (2020) General Coordinator nke Via Campesina, otu nzukọ zuru ụwa ọnụ na-anọchite anya ikike nke nde ndị ọrụ ugbo 200. <ref name="EAT">{{Cite web|title=Elizabeth Mpofu|url=https://eatforum.org/contributor/elizabeth-mpofu/|work=EAT|accessdate=10 March 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200310114434/https://eatforum.org/contributor/elizabeth-mpofu/|archivedate=10 March 2020}}</ref> Mpofu ghọrọ onye nhazi na 2013 ma na-eme mkpọsa na okwu ndị dị ka inweta ala na iwepụ ime ihe ike megide ụmụ nwanyị. <ref name="RadioMundo">{{Cite news|title=Women are the Ones Who Take Care of Mother Earth|url=https://www.radiomundoreal.fm/6853-women-are-the-ones-who-take-care?lang=es|accessdate=10 March 2020|work=Radio Mundo Real|date=12 July 2013|language=en}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://web.archive.org/web/20200310114654/https://www.radiomundoreal.fm/6853-women-are-the-ones-who-take-care?lang=es "Women are the Ones Who Take Care of Mother Earth"]. ''Radio Mundo Real''. 12 July 2013. Archived from [https://www.radiomundoreal.fm/6853-women-are-the-ones-who-take-care?lang=es the original] on 10 March 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 March</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> Kansụl Na-ahụ Maka Ihe Ndị Ruuru Mmadụ nke Mba Ndị Dị n'Otu weputara nkwupụta UN banyere Ihe Ndị Ruwere Onwe nke Ndị Ọrụ Ugbo na Ndị Ọzọ Na-arụ Ọrụ n'Ime Obodo na 2018, na-esote aro mbụ Via Campesina mere na 2008. Mpofu kwuru "Nke a abụwo ụzọ siri ike ma dị ka ndị ọrụ ugbo, dị ka ndị hụrụ ihe kachasị njọ nke ịda ogbenye na ileghara anya, anyị sikwa ike ma anyị anaghị ada mbà".<ref name="CADTM">{{Cite news|title=UN Human Rights Council passes a resolution adopting the peasant rights declaration in Geneva|url=https://www.cadtm.org/UN-Human-Rights-Council-passes-a-resolution-adopting-the-peasant-rights|accessdate=10 March 2020|work=www.cadtm.org}}</ref> Nzukọ Ezumezu nke Mba Ndị Dị n'Otu kwadoro nkwupụta ahụ n'ikpeazụ n'afọ ahụ.<ref name="Resilience">{{Cite news|author=A. Wise|first=Timothy|title=UN Backs Seed Sovereignty in Landmark Peasants’ Rights Declaration|url=https://www.resilience.org/stories/2019-01-24/un-backs-seed-sovereignty-in-landmark-peasants-rights-declaration/|accessdate=10 March 2020|work=Resilience|date=24 January 2019}}</ref> == Ọrụ ndị a họọrọ == * Elizabeth Mpofu (2016) 'Ndị inyom na-arụ ọrụ ugbo site na ịkekọrịta ihe ọmụma' na Farming Matters.<ref name="Knowledge">{{Cite journal|first=Elizabeth|author=Mpofu|title=Women farm through knowledge sharing|journal=Farming Matters|date=23 March 2016|url=https://www.ileia.org/2016/03/23/opinion-women-farm-knowledge-sharing/|accessdate=10 March 2020}}</ref> * Elizabeth Mpofu & Ndabezinhle Nyoni (2017) 'Ọrụ nke pulses na obere ndị nwe ala na mgbanwe nke ọrụ ugbo Africa' na Nature & Faune . <ref name="NatureFaune">{{Cite journal|first=Elizabeth|author=Mpofu|title=Role of pulses and smallholders in the transformation of Africa's agriculture|journal=Nature & Faune|volume=31|issue=1|issn=2026-5611}}</ref> == Hụkwa == === Njikọ dị n'ime === * [[Via Campesina|Site na Campesina]] * [[Nkwupụta United Nations Banyere Ihe Ndị Ruuru Ndị Ọrụ Ugbo|Nkwupụta Mba Ndị Dị n'Otu Banyere Ihe Ndị Ruuru Ndị Ọrụ Ugbo]] * Guy Kastler * José Bové * [[Mgbanwe gburugburu ebe obibi]] * Njem ndị ọrụ ugbo == Edensibịa == {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Mpofu, Elizabeth}} [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] qmbb7w6kblmnyi4bowypwtvtaw6bzn4 0 75067 644331 631480 2026-05-30T21:36:04Z Nachi kim 20090 Fixed reference error 644331 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder | name = Tessa Fowler | image = | office1 = Member of the [[New Hebrides Representative Assembly|Representative Assembly]] | term1 = 1975– | predecessor1 = | successor1 = | constituency1 = Port Vila | birth_date = | birth_place = | death_date = | death_place = }} '''Tessa Fowler Ọ''' bụ onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị [[Vanuatu]]. Ya na Mary Gilu bụ ụmụ nwanyị mbụ a họpụtara na New Hebrides Representative Assembly na 1975. == Akụkọ ndụ == A mụrụ ya Tessa Franklin, Fowler nwetara nzere MA na nkà ihe ọmụma, ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na akụnụba na Mahadum Oxford. O mechara rụọ ọrụ dịka onye nyocha na mba Amerịka na England. Ọ kwagara New Hebrides na 1958 iji rụọ ọrụ dị ka onye na-ahụ maka akụ na ụba maka nchịkwa Britain. Ọ bụ ezie na ọ kwagara Hong Kong na 1959 wee laghachi England, ọ laghachiri New Hebrides kpamkpam na 1961.<ref name="TA" /> Ọ na-elekọta ụlọ ahịa azụmaahịa abụọ ma nweta ego site na ntụgharị.<ref name=TA>[https://www.newspapers.com/image/122511148/ The sweet life of the Islands] ''The Age'', 20 February 1968</ref> N'afọ 1964, ọ bụ onye mbụ ụlọ ọrụ ọhụrụ nke Commerce were n'ọrụ.<ref name="TA" /> Ọ ghọkwara onye na-ere ihe osise n'ógbè ahụ, na-ere ya na ebe ngosi ihe mgbe ochie mba ọzọ.<ref name=HD>Hugo DeBlock (2018) [https://books.google.com/books?id=ozhmDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA7 ''Artifak: Cultural Revival, Tourism, and the Recrafting of History in Vanuatu''] p7</ref> Tinyere nke ahụ, o dere akụkọ maka Pacific Islands Monthly, na 1971 wee malite itinye aka na Nakamiel, magazin akụkọ kwa ọnwa. Ọ lụrụ onye Australia na-ewu ụlọ na onye na-ese ihe.<ref name="TA" /> Onye otu Union of the Communities of the New Hebrides (UCHN), a họpụtara Fowler ka ọ bụrụ onye kansụl ime obodo nke Port Vila na ntuli aka ime obodo nke 1975 na oche echekwara maka ụmụ amaala Britain. O mechara gbaa ọsọ na mpaghara Port Vila maka UCNH na ntuli aka ndị omeiwu nke November 1975. <ref name=Stech>Zorian Stech (2017) [https://papyrus.bib.umontreal.ca/xmlui/bitstream/handle/1866/20472/Stech_Zorian_2017_these.pdf?sequence=4&isAllowed=y Une confrontation comme nulle autre dans le Pacifique: la France, la Grande-Bretagne et la vie politique au condominium franco-britannique des Nouvelles-Hébrides (1945-1980)]</ref> Ya na Mary Girl, ọ bụ otu n'ime ụmụ nwanyị abụọ mbụ a họpụtara n'ime ndị omeiwu mpaghara ahụ. == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}} 68mqqkq5bbnzl64y78praslj37x19dr 0 75142 644383 631642 2026-05-30T22:20:42Z Sayvhior 13464 /* Ndụ onwe onye na ihe nketa */ 644383 wikitext text/x-wiki   Veronica Ruzicka Laing (Septemba 29, 1917 – Ọktoba 12, 1981) bụ onye America na-ese ihe, na-eme atụmatụ, na-eme maapụ, na-ese ihe onyonyo. == Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ == A mụrụ Ruzicka na New York City, nwa nwanyị onye na-ede akwụkwọ na onye na-ese ihe Rudolph Ruzicka na Filomena Sprova Ruzicka. Ma ndị nne na nna ya bụ ndị kwabatara n'obodo ọzọ site na Bohemia. O gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Barnard College na 1939, na mgbakwunye ọmụmụ ihe na Grand Central School of Art, Columbia University, na New York University. Ọ zụrụ azụ na mbipụta map ndị agha n'oge Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ. O mụtara ịmepụta akwụkwọ mara mma na Rosamond B. Loring na Boston. [[Faịlụ:Rosamond_B._Loring_Decorated_Book_Papers_cover.jpg|alt=A book with a handmade paste paper cover in red with gold designs in the shapes of buildings and turrets|thumb|Akwụkwọ e ji aka mee nke Ruzicka, nke e ji kpuchie akwụkwọ Loring's Decorated Book Papers (1942) ]] == Ọrụ == Ruzicka mere map, <ref name=":2">{{Cite news|date=1981-10-14|title=Veronica Laing|url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-rutland-daily-herald-veronica-laing/192880926/|accessdate=2026-03-07|work=The Rutland Daily Herald|pages=4}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-rutland-daily-herald-veronica-laing/192880926/ "Veronica Laing"]. ''The Rutland Daily Herald''. 1981-10-14. p.&nbsp;4<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2026-03-07</span></span> &#x2013; via Newspapers.com.</cite></ref> ihe osise, na akwụkwọ njedebe maka akwụkwọ <ref>{{Cite book|author=Wolfe|first=Richard J.|url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/Marbled_Paper/kY92BMFNFjUC?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=Veronica+Ruzicka&pg=PA132&printsec=frontcover|title=Marbled Paper: Its History, Techniques, and Patterns : with Special Reference to the Relationship of Marbling to Bookbinding in Europe and the Western World|date=1990|publisher=University of Pennsylvania Press|isbn=978-0-8122-8188-0|language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite book|author=Diehl|first=Edith|url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/Bookbinding/5KpOeZW4u7AC?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=Veronica+Ruzicka&pg=PA188&printsec=frontcover|title=Bookbinding: Its Background and Technique|date=2013-11-07|publisher=Courier Corporation|isbn=978-0-486-15614-9|language=en}}</ref> gụnyere Loring's Decorated Book Papers (1942), Robert Frost's A Witness Tree (1942), <ref>{{Cite book|author=Cooper Union Museum for the Arts of Decoration|url=http://archive.org/details/decoratedbookpap00coop|title=Decorated book papers : seventeenth to twentieth century|date=1954|publisher=|others=Smithsonian Libraries}}</ref> Ruth Hornblower Churchill's The Home Bible (1951), <ref>{{Cite news|author=Bright|first=Virginia|date=1956-01-30|title=Belmont Grandmother's Bible Goes to Royalty; Edited for Children|url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-boston-globe-belmont-grandmothers-b/192790435/|accessdate=2026-03-07|work=The Boston Globe|pages=32}}</ref> Alexander Laing's Clipper Ships and their Makers (1966), na The Adams Papers.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|date=1981-10-14|title=Veronica Laing|url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/valley-news-veronica-laing/192880688/|accessdate=2026-03-07|work=Valley News|pages=4}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.newspapers.com/article/valley-news-veronica-laing/192880688/ "Veronica Laing"]. ''Valley News''. 1981-10-14. p.&nbsp;4<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2026-03-07</span></span> &#x2013; via Newspapers.com.</cite></ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Adams Papers Digital Edition|url=https://www.masshist.org/publications/adams-papers/index.php/view/ADMS-01-01-01-0009|accessdate=2026-03-07|work=Massachusetts Historical Society}}</ref> == Ndụ onwe onye na ihe nketa == Ruzicka lụrụ onye edemede, aha ya bu Alexander Kinnan Laing na ime 1961.<ref>{{Cite book|author=Reginald|first=R.|url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/Science_Fiction_and_Fantasy_Literature_V/3nPYfqEbfrsC?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=Veronica+Ruzicka&pg=PA966&printsec=frontcover|title=Science Fiction and Fantasy Literature Vol 2|date=2010-09-01|publisher=Wildside Press LLC|isbn=978-0-941028-78-3|language=en}}</ref> Di ya nwụrụ n'ihe mberede ịnyịnya ígwè na 1976, ọrịa Kánsa gbùrù ya na 1981, mgbe ọ dị afọ iri isii na ano, na Hanover, New Hampshire. <ref>{{Cite news|date=April 24, 1976|title=Alexander Laing, Teacher, Writer; Dartmouth Professor Who Wrote About Sea Dies|url=https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1976/04/24/75241477.html|accessdate=2026-03-07|work=The New York Times|pages=27|language=en}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite news|date=1981-10-14|title=Veronica Laing|url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/valley-news-veronica-laing/192880688/|accessdate=2026-03-07|work=Valley News|pages=4}}</ref><ref name=":2" /> E nwere nnukwu nchịkọta akwụkwọ maka Ruzicka, nke gụnyere ihe osise mbụ, map, ihe mkpuchi, akwụkwọ ozi, na foto, na Dartmouth College Libraries.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=Collection: Veronica Ruzicka papers|url=https://archives-manuscripts.dartmouth.edu/repositories/2/resources/288|accessdate=2026-03-07|work=Dartmouth Libraries Archives & Manuscripts}}</ref> A na-egosi ọrụ ya na Mahadum Chicago Library na Houghton Library . <ref>{{Cite web|author=Tomase|first=Jennifer|date=2007-09-13|title=New exhibit at Houghton Library features decorated papers|url=https://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2007/09/new-exhibit-at-houghton-library-features-decorated-papers/|accessdate=2026-03-07|work=Harvard Gazette|language=en-US}}</ref> == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * [https://risdmuseum.org/art-design/collection/endpaper-46336 Akwụkwọ njedebe nke Ruzicka], na Rhode Island School of Design * Akwụkwọ mpịakọta nke Ruzicka, na ihe ngosi nka akwụkwọ na Mahadum nke Chicago LibraryỌbá akwụkwọ Mahadum nke Chicago eh6pr7l5m8v6cgpxw0wt05jjf56sh3s 644384 644383 2026-05-30T22:21:43Z Sayvhior 13464 /* Ndụ onwe onye na ihe nketa */ 644384 wikitext text/x-wiki   Veronica Ruzicka Laing (Septemba 29, 1917 – Ọktoba 12, 1981) bụ onye America na-ese ihe, na-eme atụmatụ, na-eme maapụ, na-ese ihe onyonyo. == Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ == A mụrụ Ruzicka na New York City, nwa nwanyị onye na-ede akwụkwọ na onye na-ese ihe Rudolph Ruzicka na Filomena Sprova Ruzicka. Ma ndị nne na nna ya bụ ndị kwabatara n'obodo ọzọ site na Bohemia. O gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Barnard College na 1939, na mgbakwunye ọmụmụ ihe na Grand Central School of Art, Columbia University, na New York University. Ọ zụrụ azụ na mbipụta map ndị agha n'oge Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ. O mụtara ịmepụta akwụkwọ mara mma na Rosamond B. Loring na Boston. [[Faịlụ:Rosamond_B._Loring_Decorated_Book_Papers_cover.jpg|alt=A book with a handmade paste paper cover in red with gold designs in the shapes of buildings and turrets|thumb|Akwụkwọ e ji aka mee nke Ruzicka, nke e ji kpuchie akwụkwọ Loring's Decorated Book Papers (1942) ]] == Ọrụ == Ruzicka mere map, <ref name=":2">{{Cite news|date=1981-10-14|title=Veronica Laing|url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-rutland-daily-herald-veronica-laing/192880926/|accessdate=2026-03-07|work=The Rutland Daily Herald|pages=4}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-rutland-daily-herald-veronica-laing/192880926/ "Veronica Laing"]. ''The Rutland Daily Herald''. 1981-10-14. p.&nbsp;4<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2026-03-07</span></span> &#x2013; via Newspapers.com.</cite></ref> ihe osise, na akwụkwọ njedebe maka akwụkwọ <ref>{{Cite book|author=Wolfe|first=Richard J.|url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/Marbled_Paper/kY92BMFNFjUC?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=Veronica+Ruzicka&pg=PA132&printsec=frontcover|title=Marbled Paper: Its History, Techniques, and Patterns : with Special Reference to the Relationship of Marbling to Bookbinding in Europe and the Western World|date=1990|publisher=University of Pennsylvania Press|isbn=978-0-8122-8188-0|language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite book|author=Diehl|first=Edith|url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/Bookbinding/5KpOeZW4u7AC?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=Veronica+Ruzicka&pg=PA188&printsec=frontcover|title=Bookbinding: Its Background and Technique|date=2013-11-07|publisher=Courier Corporation|isbn=978-0-486-15614-9|language=en}}</ref> gụnyere Loring's Decorated Book Papers (1942), Robert Frost's A Witness Tree (1942), <ref>{{Cite book|author=Cooper Union Museum for the Arts of Decoration|url=http://archive.org/details/decoratedbookpap00coop|title=Decorated book papers : seventeenth to twentieth century|date=1954|publisher=|others=Smithsonian Libraries}}</ref> Ruth Hornblower Churchill's The Home Bible (1951), <ref>{{Cite news|author=Bright|first=Virginia|date=1956-01-30|title=Belmont Grandmother's Bible Goes to Royalty; Edited for Children|url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-boston-globe-belmont-grandmothers-b/192790435/|accessdate=2026-03-07|work=The Boston Globe|pages=32}}</ref> Alexander Laing's Clipper Ships and their Makers (1966), na The Adams Papers.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|date=1981-10-14|title=Veronica Laing|url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/valley-news-veronica-laing/192880688/|accessdate=2026-03-07|work=Valley News|pages=4}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.newspapers.com/article/valley-news-veronica-laing/192880688/ "Veronica Laing"]. ''Valley News''. 1981-10-14. p.&nbsp;4<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2026-03-07</span></span> &#x2013; via Newspapers.com.</cite></ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Adams Papers Digital Edition|url=https://www.masshist.org/publications/adams-papers/index.php/view/ADMS-01-01-01-0009|accessdate=2026-03-07|work=Massachusetts Historical Society}}</ref> == Ndụ onwe onye na ihe nketa == Ruzicka lụrụ onye edemede, aha ya bu Alexander Kinnan Laing na ime 1961.<ref>{{Cite book|author=Reginald|first=R.|url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/Science_Fiction_and_Fantasy_Literature_V/3nPYfqEbfrsC?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=Veronica+Ruzicka&pg=PA966&printsec=frontcover|title=Science Fiction and Fantasy Literature Vol 2|date=2010-09-01|publisher=Wildside Press LLC|isbn=978-0-941028-78-3|language=en}}</ref> Di ya nwụrụ n'ihe mberede ịnyịnya ígwè na 1976, ọrịa Kánsa gbùrù ya na 1981, mgbe ọ dị afọ iri isii na ano, na Hanover, New Hampshire. <ref>{{Cite news|date=April 24, 1976|title=Alexander Laing, Teacher, Writer; Dartmouth Professor Who Wrote About Sea Dies|url=https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1976/04/24/75241477.html|accessdate=2026-03-07|work=The New York Times|pages=27|language=en}}</ref><ref name=":0" /><ref name=":2" /> E nwere nnukwu nchịkọta akwụkwọ maka Ruzicka, nke gụnyere ihe osise mbụ, map, ihe mkpuchi, akwụkwọ ozi, na foto, na Dartmouth College Libraries.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=Collection: Veronica Ruzicka papers|url=https://archives-manuscripts.dartmouth.edu/repositories/2/resources/288|accessdate=2026-03-07|work=Dartmouth Libraries Archives & Manuscripts}}</ref> A na-egosi ọrụ ya na Mahadum Chicago Library na Houghton Library . <ref>{{Cite web|author=Tomase|first=Jennifer|date=2007-09-13|title=New exhibit at Houghton Library features decorated papers|url=https://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2007/09/new-exhibit-at-houghton-library-features-decorated-papers/|accessdate=2026-03-07|work=Harvard Gazette|language=en-US}}</ref> == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * [https://risdmuseum.org/art-design/collection/endpaper-46336 Akwụkwọ njedebe nke Ruzicka], na Rhode Island School of Design * Akwụkwọ mpịakọta nke Ruzicka, na ihe ngosi nka akwụkwọ na Mahadum nke Chicago LibraryỌbá akwụkwọ Mahadum nke Chicago 3eny15mu69kavpl668fp9pmgx8yvnzr 0 75161 644514 631682 2026-05-31T06:01:40Z King ChristLike 13051 added {{DEFAULTSORT}} 644514 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Adis King bụ dọkịta na onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị [[Dominika|Dominican]]. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye Minista na-ahụ maka mmepe na nkwado, ndị ntorobịa nọ n'ihe ize ndụ, ihe gbasara nwoke na nwanyị, nchekwa ndị agadi na ndị Dominicans nwere nkwarụ nke Dominica n'etiti afọ 2019 ma kwa n'afọ 2022. == Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ == A mụrụ King na [[Dominica]], Saint Joseph, nwa nke anọ n'ime ụmụ anọ, ebe ọ tolitere ma gaa ụlọ akwụkwọ.<ref name="dom">{{Cite web|title=Adis King|url=https://www.dom767.com/dompedia/dr-adis-king-from-dominica/|work=dom767.com|accessdate=16 April 2026}}</ref> King rụrụ ọrụ nwa oge n'ugbo unere dị n'ógbè ahụ.<ref name="dom" /> N'afọ 1991, ọ malitere ịkụzi na St Joseph's Primary School, ọrụ ọ rụrụ ruo n'afọ 1994.<ref name="dom" /> O mechara malite rụwa ọrụ dị ka onye na-ahụ maka ụlọ nyocha na Princess Margaret Hospital nke dị na Roseau ruo mgbe, n'afọ 2000, ọ nwetara agụmakwụkwọ iji mụọ ọgwụ na mba Cuba, gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Mahadum nke Havana n'afọ 2007 wee mechaa akara ugo mmụta na ọgwụ ime ụlọ n'afọ 2015.<ref name="dom">{{Cite web|title=Adis King|url=https://www.dom767.com/dompedia/dr-adis-king-from-dominica/|work=dom767.com|accessdate=16 April 2026}}</ref> == Ọrụ == King rụrụ ọrụ dị ka dọkịta n'ụlọ ọgwụ nke Princess Margaret ruo ọtụtụ afọ.<ref name="dom">{{Cite web|title=Adis King|url=https://www.dom767.com/dompedia/dr-adis-king-from-dominica/|work=dom767.com|accessdate=16 April 2026}}</ref> Nya na ndị ntorobịa na kwa ndị otu obodo rúrú ọrụ na-akwado ụmụ nwanyị na ụmụaka ndị nọ na mkpa ndị nọ n'ime ime obodo.<ref name="dom" /> N'abalị iri na asaa n'ọnwa Febụwarị n'afọ 2019, Praịm Minista Roosevelt Skerrit kwupụtara King dị ka onye Dominica Labour Party na-azọ ọkwa maka Saint Joseph na ntuli aka afo 2019. <ref>{{Cite news|title=Skerrit announces 13 new DLP candidates for next general election|url=https://dominicanewsonline.com/news/homepage/news/skerrit-announces-13-new-dlp-candidates-for-next-general-election/|accessdate=16 April 2026|work=Dominica News Online|date=17 February 2019}}</ref> A họpụtara ya mgbe o meriri Monell Williams nke UWP ma nweta kws 60.15% nke votu.<ref name="dom">{{Cite web|title=Adis King|url=https://www.dom767.com/dompedia/dr-adis-king-from-dominica/|work=dom767.com|accessdate=16 April 2026}}</ref> N'oge mkpọsa ahụ, king kwere nkwa ịgbanwe Saint Joseph ka ọ bụrụ ebe azụmahịa dị egwu, idozi okporo ụzọ, imezi ụlọ ọgbara ọhụrụ, atụmatụ iji kwalite otu egwu cadence-lypso nke obodo ahụ bụ Gramacks na onye na-agụ egwú ya, yana atụmatụ agụmakwụkwọ, mmelite nke ụlọ ọrụ ahụike Saint Joseph, na usoro iji kwado ọrụ ugbo na-adịgide adịgide.<ref name="dom" /><ref>{{Cite news|title=DLP candidate lays out her plans for St. Joseph constituency|url=https://dominicanewsonline.com/news/homepage/news/dlp-candidate-lays-out-her-plans-for-st-joseph-constituency/|accessdate=16 April 2026|work=Dominica News Online|date=28 August 2019}}</ref> Praịm Minista Roosevelt Skerrit kpọrọ ya Minista nke Mmepe na Nkwado Ndị Ntorobịa, Ndị Ntoropokgolo nọ n'Ihe ize ndụ, Mmekọahụ Mmekọala, Nchebe Ndị Agadi na ndị Dominic nwere nkwarụ ma kwa ṅụọ iyi na onwa 17 Disemba afọ 2019. <ref name="dom">{{Cite web|title=Adis King|url=https://www.dom767.com/dompedia/dr-adis-king-from-dominica/|work=dom767.com|accessdate=16 April 2026}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=NEW CABINET OFFICIALLY SWORN IN|url=https://mail.news.gov.dm/news/news-items/eighteen-sworn-into-new-cabinet|work=[[Cabinet of Dominica]]|accessdate=16 April 2026|date=19 December 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|author=Walker|first=Monika|title=18 takes oath in Ministerial expansion in Dominica|url=https://wicnews.com/caribbean/18-takes-oath-ministerial-expansion-dominica-194824618|accessdate=16 April 2026|work=WIC News|date=18 December 2019}}</ref> N'oge ọ nọ n'ọchịchị, ọ kwadoro tinye iwu Child Protection Bill na Domestic Violence Bill, yana ịlụso ọgụ megide ime ihe ike ndị nke ndi agadi ọgụ, ịchịkwa ụlọ nlekọta, na ịmalite mmemme ọzụzụ maka ndị na-eto eto a na-akparaghị ókè na ụlọ ọrụ na akwa. <ref name="dom">{{Cite web|title=Adis King|url=https://www.dom767.com/dompedia/dr-adis-king-from-dominica/|work=dom767.com|accessdate=16 April 2026}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|title=Dr. Adis King calls for the eradication of elder abuse in society|url=https://dominicanewsonline.com/news/homepage/homepage-carousel/dr-adis-king-calls-for-the-eradication-of-elder-abuse-in-society/|accessdate=16 April 2026|work=Dominica News Online|date=16 June 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=Government to regulate institutions providing care for senior citizens|url=https://dominicanewsonline.com/news/homepage/homepage-carousel/government-to-regulate-institutions-providing-care-for-senior-citizens/|accessdate=16 April 2026|work=Dominica News Online|date=5 August 2020}}</ref> N'ọnwa Nọvemba afọ 2020, ọ kwupụtara ebumnuche gọọmentị ime ka Family Model Bills.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Dominica moving towards enacting Family Model Bills says Youth Minister|url=https://dominicanewsonline.com/news/homepage/news/dominica-moving-towards-enacting-family-model-bills-says-youth-minister/|accessdate=16 April 2026|work=Dominica News Online|date=13 November 2020}}</ref> King esoghị maka nhọpụta ọzọ na ntuli aka nke afọ 2022 ma nọchie ya dị ka minista na abalị 13 Disemba 2022.<ref name="dom">{{Cite web|title=Adis King|url=https://www.dom767.com/dompedia/dr-adis-king-from-dominica/|work=dom767.com|accessdate=16 April 2026}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.dom767.com/dompedia/dr-adis-king-from-dominica/ "Adis King"]. ''dom767.com''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 April</span> 2026</span>.</cite></ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=Skerrit’s new look government officially sworn in|url=https://antigua.news/2022/12/13/skerrits-new-look-government-officially-sworn-in/|accessdate=16 April 2026|work=[[Antigua.news]]|date=13 December 2022}}</ref> N'ịgbaso ọrụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ya, ọ ghọrọ onye nhazi nke Ụlọ ọrụ United Nations na Dominica ma rụọ ru ndị UN Multi-Country Sustainable Development Cooperation Framework (MSDCF) Focal Point ọrụ. <ref name="dom" /> <ref>{{Cite web|title=New UN Resident Coordinator for Barbados and the Eastern Caribbean Visits Nature Isle|url=https://easterncaribbean.un.org/en/272166-new-un-resident-coordinator-barbados-and-eastern-caribbean-visits-nature-isle|work=United Nations Barbados and the Eastern Caribbean|accessdate=16 April 2026|date=21 June 2024}}</ref> == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Adis, Eze}} [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 833ec0ojbrkm94f3l4c69nbc7nwdhyv 0 75356 644362 632634 2026-05-30T22:02:32Z Iwuala chisom 17246 Added {{DEFAULTSORT}} 644362 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Multiple issues/styles.css"></templatestyles><templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles> {{Reflist}}Élisabeth de Feydeau (amụrụ na 28 Julaị 1966), bụ onye France na-akọ akụkọ ihe mere eme na onye edemede. Ọ bụkwa ọkachamara na ihe na-esi ísì ụtọ. == Akụkọ ndụ == Élisabeth de Feydeau de Saint-Christophe, nke a mụrụ '''Mabille nke Poncheville''', bụ nwa nwa André Mabille de poncheville, onye France na-ede uri na onye edemede, na nwa nwa Georges Vidor, onye nwe ụgbọ mmiri. Site n'ihe nketa ezinụlọ a, ọ zụlitere site na nwata mmasị maka ide ihe, akụkọ ihe mere eme, na omenala French. Mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na isii, ọ chọpụtara ike mmụọ nke ísì mgbe mbụ ọ gbazere L'heure bleue site n'aka Guerlain, bụ nke ọ hụrụ n'anya ozugbo. Kemgbe ahụ, ọ na-enwe mmetụta nke ukwuu maka ụwa nke ihe na-esi ísì ụtọ, bụ́ nke na-ekwughachi ụwa egwu, na iberibe piano ọ mụụrụ mgbe ọ bụ nwata. Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na doctorate na akụkọ ihe mere eme, ọ ghọrọ onye otu kọmishọna na-ahụ maka ihe gbasara ọdịbendị na ụlọ ọrụ ejiji Chanel na Bourjois. O hiwere ma na-elekọta ngalaba ebe ahụ, na-enweta ihe ọmụma mbụ ya gbasara akụrụngwa maka isi ísì. Mgbe ahụmahụ a gasịrị, o kpebiri, na 1997, ịmalite ụlọ ọrụ nke ya, "Arty Fragrance", ebe ọ malitere ịrụ ọrụ dị ka onye ndụmọdụ maka mmepe ísì na ọdịbendị. Ọ gara n'ihu na-arụ ọrụ maka aha ndị a ma ama n'ụwa nke ime ihe na-esi ísì ụtọ: n'etiti ndị ọzọ, Jean-Paul Gaultier, Chanel, Christian Dior Perfume, L'Oréal Paris, yana Guerlain. Ọ gara n'ihu na isi ọrụ nyocha ya na-esi ísì ụtọ wee dee akwụkwọ gbasara ya: Jean-Louis Fargeon, onye na-esi ísì ụtọ nke Marie-Antoinette (2005), L'Herbier de Marie-Antoinette (2012), Les Parfums, akụkọ ihe mere eme, akwụkwọ ọkọwa okwu, anthologie (2011), Les 101 mots du13ms. Taa ọ bụ ọkachamara n'ihe na-esi ísì ụtọ, ụlọ ọrụ ndị na-emepụta ihe na-esi ụtọ nabatara ya ma kụzie ya na School of Fragrances na Versailles kemgbe afọ 1998. O meela ọtụtụ ihe ngosi, dị ka "Parfums de Promenade", na "Galerie des Galeries" (Galeries Lafayette, 2001) na "La Cour des Senteurs de Versailles" (2013). Ọ na-emekwa ihe omume na nzukọ gburugburu ụwa, ọkachasị na mba ndị na-asụ French. N'afọ 2011, o weputara akara "Arty Fragrance nke Elisabeth de Feydeau", ebe o mepụtara ma zụọ ahịa ihe na-esi ísì ụtọ, niile sitere n'ike mmụọ nsọ na ọkaibe nke narị afọ nke iri na asaa na nke iri na asatọ nke France, dịka enwere ike ịnụ ha, karịa ebe ọ bụla ọzọ, na Château de Versailles: ọ na-agakarị na Ogige Versailles, mgbe ọ na-eme nchọpụta maka akwụkwọ ya. N'afọ 2006, onye na-azụ rose bụ Meilland họọrọ ya ka ọ bụrụ nne nkuzi nke rose ọhụrụ a na-akpọ "Petit Trianon", ya na onye ọzọ na-emepụta ihe na-esi ísì ụtọ, Francis Kurkdjian, onye ya na ya ka mepụtara ísì ụtọ nke eze nwanyị France Marie-Antoinette: Le Sillage de la Reine. Kemgbe afọ 2008, ọ na-ejide blọgụ ebe ọ na-ebipụta akụkọ mgbe niile gbasara ihe nsure ọkụ na-esi ísì ụtọ, ndị na-esi ísì ụtọ - na, n'ụzọ zuru oke, gbasara ụwa nke ihe na-esi ísì ụtọ. == Ihe ndị e ji mara ya == * 2005: Prix Guerlain maka akwụkwọ ya Jean-Louis Fargeon, parfumeur de Marie-Antoinette (2005) * 2010: Chevalier des Arts et des Lettres site na minista ọdịbendị, Frederic Mitterrand. * 2010: Dame de la Jurade na Saint-Émilion. * 2013: Achievement Award na ngalaba nke Onye Okike nke CEW (Cosmetic Executive Women) == Akwụkwọ ndị e bipụtara == * ''France, Terre de Luxe'' (La Martinière Group, 2000 na mmekorita ya na Jacques Marseille) * Otu n'ime ihe ndị na-esi ísì ụtọ, ihe na-esi ụtọ nke narị afọ nke iri abụọ (Milan, 2001 na mmekorita) * Le Livre des grandes marques: à la découverte des marques grand public parmi les plus fort de France, collectif (Milan's editions, 2003) * Jean-Louis Fargeon, parfumeur de Marie-Antoinette (Perrin, 2005, sụgharịrị n'ọtụtụ asụsụ) * ''Diptyque'' (Perrin, 2007) * Les Parfums: histoire, anthologie, dictionnaire (Robert Laffont, 2011) * L'Herbier de Marie-Antoinette (Flammarion, 2012, n'okpuru nduzi nke Alain Baraton, sụgharịrị n'ọtụtụ asụsụ) * ''Okwu 101 nke ihe na-esi ísì ụtọ'' (Archibooks, 2013) * ''Bourjois: ịma mma na ụda olu French kemgbe 1863 '', Editions du Chêne, 2014 * ''Akwụkwọ akụkọ Guerlain. Ndị na-esi ísì ụtọ na Paris'', Flammarion, 2017 == Edensibịa == {{DEFAULTSORT:Feydeau, Elisabeth de}} [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Otú:Articles with hCards]] 72z48aweafw4cgdg6y6s5wk3ipighe0 0 75592 644321 633003 2026-05-30T21:22:57Z Geraldine Kene 23189 Fixed reference error 644321 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles>  '''Yvette Lebas-Guyot''' (1898-1966) bụ onye nta akụkọ French ogologo ndụ ya niile, n'oge [[World War II|Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ]], ọ bụ onye ntụgharị asusu/ onye nkowa okwu na onye isi na Free French Forces. == Akụkọ ndụ == A mụrụ ya '''Marthe Yvette Lebas''', na Le Mans (Sarthe), France, na ụbọchị iri abụọ na abụọ nke ọnwa Febụwarị afọ 1898. Nna ya bụ Albert Isidore Lebas (1853-1930), Brigadier General na gọvanọ ndị agha nke Lille (North), nne ya bụkwa Berthe Eugénie Marie Darnaud.<ref name=":0" /> Yvette gụrụ akwụkwọ na Lycée du Mans na Lille wee gaa Lycée Molière na Paris. Ọ gara n'ihu gụsịrị akwụkwọ na prestigious Free School of Political Sciences (nke a na-akpọ ugbu a Paris Institute of Political Studies ma belata ya dị ka Sciences Po).<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|author=|first=|date=|title=France National Archives_NP_050675 - Online catalogue|url=https://www.siv.archives-nationales.culture.gouv.fr/siv/rechercheconsultation/consultation/producteur/consultationProducteur.action?notProdId=FRAN_NP_050675|archiveurl=|archivedate=|accessdate=2020-12-04|work=www.siv.archives-nationales.culture.gouv.fr|language=fr}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.siv.archives-nationales.culture.gouv.fr/siv/rechercheconsultation/consultation/producteur/consultationProducteur.action?notProdId=FRAN_NP_050675 "France National Archives_NP_050675 - Online catalogue"]. ''www.siv.archives-nationales.culture.gouv.fr'' (in French)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-12-04</span></span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)]]</ref> Ọ lụrụ di ugboro abụọ: oge mbụ ya na Marius Fouque na 1917, mana ha gbara alụkwaghịm ihe dị ka afọ iri ka e mesịrị.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|author=d’Huart|first=S.|date=|title=Inventaire analytique (435AP/1-435AP/9)|url=https://www.siv.archives-nationales.culture.gouv.fr/siv/rechercheconsultation/consultation/ir/pdfIR.action?irId=FRAN_IR_005762|archiveurl=|archivedate=|accessdate=2020-12-04|work=National Archives|language=fr}}</ref> Alụmdi na nwunye nke abụọ ya mere na Febụwarị 1933 na Paris na Raymond Guyot (1877-1934), prọfesọ nke akụkọ ihe mere eme nke oge a na Sciences Po, onye nkuzi na Carnegie Institute na onye isi nchịkọta akụkọ nke Politica. Ọ nwụrụ n'afọ sochirinụ.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":0">{{Cite web|author=|first=|date=|title=France National Archives_NP_050675 - Online catalogue|url=https://www.siv.archives-nationales.culture.gouv.fr/siv/rechercheconsultation/consultation/producteur/consultationProducteur.action?notProdId=FRAN_NP_050675|archiveurl=|archivedate=|accessdate=2020-12-04|work=www.siv.archives-nationales.culture.gouv.fr|language=fr}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.siv.archives-nationales.culture.gouv.fr/siv/rechercheconsultation/consultation/producteur/consultationProducteur.action?notProdId=FRAN_NP_050675 "France National Archives_NP_050675 - Online catalogue"]. ''www.siv.archives-nationales.culture.gouv.fr'' (in French)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-12-04</span></span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)]]</ref> Lebas-Guyot malitere ọrụ ya dị ka onye nta akụkọ n'ime afọ ndị dị n'etiti agha ụwa, na-arụ ọrụ na France na mba ofesi, yana ọtụtụ njem ọmụmụ na mba ofesi ma ọ bụ na mpaghara ndị France.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|author=|first=|date=|title=France National Archives_NP_050675 - Online catalogue|url=https://www.siv.archives-nationales.culture.gouv.fr/siv/rechercheconsultation/consultation/producteur/consultationProducteur.action?notProdId=FRAN_NP_050675|archiveurl=|archivedate=|accessdate=2020-12-04|work=www.siv.archives-nationales.culture.gouv.fr|language=fr}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.siv.archives-nationales.culture.gouv.fr/siv/rechercheconsultation/consultation/producteur/consultationProducteur.action?notProdId=FRAN_NP_050675 "France National Archives_NP_050675 - Online catalogue"]. ''www.siv.archives-nationales.culture.gouv.fr'' (in French)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-12-04</span></span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)]]</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web|author=d’Huart|first=S.|date=|title=Inventaire analytique (435AP/1-435AP/9)|url=https://www.siv.archives-nationales.culture.gouv.fr/siv/rechercheconsultation/consultation/ir/pdfIR.action?irId=FRAN_IR_005762|archiveurl=|archivedate=|accessdate=2020-12-04|work=National Archives|language=fr}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFd’Huart">d’Huart, S. [https://www.siv.archives-nationales.culture.gouv.fr/siv/rechercheconsultation/consultation/ir/pdfIR.action?irId=FRAN_IR_005762 "Inventaire analytique (435AP/1-435AP/9)"]. ''National Archives'' (in French)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-12-04</span></span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)]]</ref> O dere n'okpuru aha edemede dị iche iche gụnyere Marthe Y. Lebas, Marthe Yvette Guyot na Marthe Yveta Lebas-Guyot.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Katalog der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek|url=https://portal.dnb.de/opac.htm?method=simpleSearch&cqlMode=true&query=nid=1167518594|accessdate=2020-12-04|work=portal.dnb.de}}</ref> === Mgbalị Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ === Ọrụ ya n'oge agha ahụ dị ịrịba ama na Austria na United States.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|title=FRAN_POG_05 - Online catalogue|url=https://www.siv.archives-nationales.culture.gouv.fr/siv/rechercheconsultation/consultation/pog/consultationPogN3.action?nopId=p-aa3lhto12-1lth66fm2owc0&pogId=FRAN_POG_05&search=|accessdate=2020-12-04|work=www.siv.archives-nationales.culture.gouv.fr}}</ref> N'ịbụ onye na-asụ Bekee nke ọma, Lebas-Guyot rutere na United States n'ọnwa Eprel afọ 1941 ma site na Septemba afọ 1941 ruo Ọktoba afọ 1943, ọ nyere ọrụ mgbasa ozi na mgbasa ozi redio maka nzukọ France Forever<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|author=|first=|date=|title=France National Archives_NP_050675 - Online catalogue|url=https://www.siv.archives-nationales.culture.gouv.fr/siv/rechercheconsultation/consultation/producteur/consultationProducteur.action?notProdId=FRAN_NP_050675|archiveurl=|archivedate=|accessdate=2020-12-04|work=www.siv.archives-nationales.culture.gouv.fr|language=fr}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.siv.archives-nationales.culture.gouv.fr/siv/rechercheconsultation/consultation/producteur/consultationProducteur.action?notProdId=FRAN_NP_050675 "France National Archives_NP_050675 - Online catalogue"]. ''www.siv.archives-nationales.culture.gouv.fr'' (in French)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-12-04</span></span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)]]</ref> Na mgbakwunye, Lebas-Guyot rụrụ ọrụ maka ngalaba French nke Voice of America dị ka onye nchịkọta akụkọ, ebe o mepụtara mmemme redio kwa ụbọchị nke akpọrọ La France en Guerre (France na Agha). N'afọ 1943, Yvette Lebas sonyeere ndị Free French Forces, nke General Charles de Gaulle duziri, dị ka onye isi nke ọrụ ụgbọ mmiri ụmụ nwanyị. N'okpuru iwu ya, o guzobere French Female Fleet Forces na Algiers, [[Algeria]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|author=|first=|date=|title=France National Archives_NP_050675 - Online catalogue|url=https://www.siv.archives-nationales.culture.gouv.fr/siv/rechercheconsultation/consultation/producteur/consultationProducteur.action?notProdId=FRAN_NP_050675|archiveurl=|archivedate=|accessdate=2020-12-04|work=www.siv.archives-nationales.culture.gouv.fr|language=fr}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.siv.archives-nationales.culture.gouv.fr/siv/rechercheconsultation/consultation/producteur/consultationProducteur.action?notProdId=FRAN_NP_050675 "France National Archives_NP_050675 - Online catalogue"]. ''www.siv.archives-nationales.culture.gouv.fr'' (in French)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-12-04</span></span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)]]</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web|author=d’Huart|first=S.|date=|title=Inventaire analytique (435AP/1-435AP/9)|url=https://www.siv.archives-nationales.culture.gouv.fr/siv/rechercheconsultation/consultation/ir/pdfIR.action?irId=FRAN_IR_005762|archiveurl=|archivedate=|accessdate=2020-12-04|work=National Archives|language=fr}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFd’Huart">d’Huart, S. [https://www.siv.archives-nationales.culture.gouv.fr/siv/rechercheconsultation/consultation/ir/pdfIR.action?irId=FRAN_IR_005762 "Inventaire analytique (435AP/1-435AP/9)"]. ''National Archives'' (in French)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-12-04</span></span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)]]</ref> === Ihe omume mgbe agha gasịrị === Mgbe agha ahụ gasịrị, malite na June 1946, Lebas-Guyot rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye ntụgharị na onye ntụgharị ihe na France maka odeakwụkwọ nke Kọmitii General Staff. Mgbe ahụ na June 1948 ọ ghọrọ onye ntụgharị maka ndị nnọchi anya France na United Nations di na [[New York City|New York]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|author=|first=|date=|title=France National Archives_NP_050675 - Online catalogue|url=https://www.siv.archives-nationales.culture.gouv.fr/siv/rechercheconsultation/consultation/producteur/consultationProducteur.action?notProdId=FRAN_NP_050675|archiveurl=|archivedate=|accessdate=2020-12-04|work=www.siv.archives-nationales.culture.gouv.fr|language=fr}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.siv.archives-nationales.culture.gouv.fr/siv/rechercheconsultation/consultation/producteur/consultationProducteur.action?notProdId=FRAN_NP_050675 "France National Archives_NP_050675 - Online catalogue"]. ''www.siv.archives-nationales.culture.gouv.fr'' (in French)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-12-04</span></span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)]]</ref> N'afọ 1964, o bipụtara akwụkwọ akụkọ ndụ onwe onye, ''Le Mariage de Moscou'' (''Alụmdi na Nwunye nke Moscow''), n'okpuru aha mbụ ya bụ Marthe Y. Lebas, ebe ọ chetara izute Jean Arens (1889-1937), onye nnọchi anya mba Soviet Union na enyi ya na Paris na Moscow<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|author=|first=|date=|title=France National Archives_NP_050675 - Online catalogue|url=https://www.siv.archives-nationales.culture.gouv.fr/siv/rechercheconsultation/consultation/producteur/consultationProducteur.action?notProdId=FRAN_NP_050675|archiveurl=|archivedate=|accessdate=2020-12-04|work=www.siv.archives-nationales.culture.gouv.fr|language=fr}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.siv.archives-nationales.culture.gouv.fr/siv/rechercheconsultation/consultation/producteur/consultationProducteur.action?notProdId=FRAN_NP_050675 "France National Archives_NP_050675 - Online catalogue"]. ''www.siv.archives-nationales.culture.gouv.fr'' (in French)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-12-04</span></span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)]]</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web|author=d’Huart|first=S.|date=|title=Inventaire analytique (435AP/1-435AP/9)|url=https://www.siv.archives-nationales.culture.gouv.fr/siv/rechercheconsultation/consultation/ir/pdfIR.action?irId=FRAN_IR_005762|archiveurl=|archivedate=|accessdate=2020-12-04|work=National Archives|language=fr}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFd’Huart">d’Huart, S. [https://www.siv.archives-nationales.culture.gouv.fr/siv/rechercheconsultation/consultation/ir/pdfIR.action?irId=FRAN_IR_005762 "Inventaire analytique (435AP/1-435AP/9)"]. ''National Archives'' (in French)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-12-04</span></span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)]]</ref> Lebas-Guyot nwụrụ n'ụlọ ya dị na Paris na 14 Mee 1966. A na-edebe akwụkwọ ya n'ebe a na-edebe ihe ochie nke mba French ma kpọọ ya aha: Lebas-Guyot (Yvette) 435AP.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|author=d’Huart|first=S.|date=|title=Inventaire analytique (435AP/1-435AP/9)|url=https://www.siv.archives-nationales.culture.gouv.fr/siv/rechercheconsultation/consultation/ir/pdfIR.action?irId=FRAN_IR_005762|archiveurl=|archivedate=|accessdate=2020-12-04|work=National Archives|language=fr}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFd’Huart">d’Huart, S. [https://www.siv.archives-nationales.culture.gouv.fr/siv/rechercheconsultation/consultation/ir/pdfIR.action?irId=FRAN_IR_005762 "Inventaire analytique (435AP/1-435AP/9)"]. ''National Archives'' (in French)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-12-04</span></span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)]]</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite web|title=FRAN_POG_05 - Online catalogue|url=https://www.siv.archives-nationales.culture.gouv.fr/siv/rechercheconsultation/consultation/pog/consultationPogN3.action?nopId=p-aa3lhto12-1lth66fm2owc0&pogId=FRAN_POG_05&search=|accessdate=2020-12-04|work=www.siv.archives-nationales.culture.gouv.fr}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.siv.archives-nationales.culture.gouv.fr/siv/rechercheconsultation/consultation/pog/consultationPogN3.action?nopId=p-aa3lhto12-1lth66fm2owc0&pogId=FRAN_POG_05&search= "FRAN_POG_05 - Online catalogue"]. ''www.siv.archives-nationales.culture.gouv.fr''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-12-04</span></span>.</cite></ref> == Ntụaka == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} [[Otú:Pages with unreviewed translations]] a3f6vf62703ax2ze19wurg62ipgt54s 644490 644321 2026-05-31T05:46:20Z Geraldine Kene 23189 Fixed reference error 644490 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles>  '''Yvette Lebas-Guyot''' (1898-1966) bụ onye nta akụkọ French ogologo ndụ ya niile, n'oge [[World War II|Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ]], ọ bụ onye ntụgharị asusu/ onye nkowa okwu na onye isi na Free French Forces. == Akụkọ ndụ == A mụrụ ya '''Marthe Yvette Lebas''', na Le Mans (Sarthe), France, na ụbọchị iri abụọ na abụọ nke ọnwa Febụwarị afọ 1898. Nna ya bụ Albert Isidore Lebas (1853-1930), Brigadier General na gọvanọ ndị agha nke Lille (North), nne ya bụkwa Berthe Eugénie Marie Darnaud.<ref name=":0" /> Yvette gụrụ akwụkwọ na Lycée du Mans na Lille wee gaa Lycée Molière na Paris. Ọ gara n'ihu gụsịrị akwụkwọ na prestigious Free School of Political Sciences (nke a na-akpọ ugbu a Paris Institute of Political Studies ma belata ya dị ka Sciences Po).<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|author=|first=|date=|title=France National Archives_NP_050675 - Online catalogue|url=https://www.siv.archives-nationales.culture.gouv.fr/siv/rechercheconsultation/consultation/producteur/consultationProducteur.action?notProdId=FRAN_NP_050675|archiveurl=|archivedate=|accessdate=2020-12-04|work=www.siv.archives-nationales.culture.gouv.fr|language=fr}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.siv.archives-nationales.culture.gouv.fr/siv/rechercheconsultation/consultation/producteur/consultationProducteur.action?notProdId=FRAN_NP_050675 "France National Archives_NP_050675 - Online catalogue"]. ''www.siv.archives-nationales.culture.gouv.fr'' (in French)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-12-04</span></span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)]]</ref> Ọ lụrụ di ugboro abụọ: oge mbụ ya na Marius Fouque na 1917, mana ha gbara alụkwaghịm ihe dị ka afọ iri ka e mesịrị.<ref name=":1" /> Alụmdi na nwunye nke abụọ ya mere na Febụwarị 1933 na Paris na Raymond Guyot (1877-1934), prọfesọ nke akụkọ ihe mere eme nke oge a na Sciences Po, onye nkuzi na Carnegie Institute na onye isi nchịkọta akụkọ nke Politica. Ọ nwụrụ n'afọ sochirinụ.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":0">{{Cite web|author=|first=|date=|title=France National Archives_NP_050675 - Online catalogue|url=https://www.siv.archives-nationales.culture.gouv.fr/siv/rechercheconsultation/consultation/producteur/consultationProducteur.action?notProdId=FRAN_NP_050675|archiveurl=|archivedate=|accessdate=2020-12-04|work=www.siv.archives-nationales.culture.gouv.fr|language=fr}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.siv.archives-nationales.culture.gouv.fr/siv/rechercheconsultation/consultation/producteur/consultationProducteur.action?notProdId=FRAN_NP_050675 "France National Archives_NP_050675 - Online catalogue"]. ''www.siv.archives-nationales.culture.gouv.fr'' (in French)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-12-04</span></span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)]]</ref> Lebas-Guyot malitere ọrụ ya dị ka onye nta akụkọ n'ime afọ ndị dị n'etiti agha ụwa, na-arụ ọrụ na France na mba ofesi, yana ọtụtụ njem ọmụmụ na mba ofesi ma ọ bụ na mpaghara ndị France.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|author=|first=|date=|title=France National Archives_NP_050675 - Online catalogue|url=https://www.siv.archives-nationales.culture.gouv.fr/siv/rechercheconsultation/consultation/producteur/consultationProducteur.action?notProdId=FRAN_NP_050675|archiveurl=|archivedate=|accessdate=2020-12-04|work=www.siv.archives-nationales.culture.gouv.fr|language=fr}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.siv.archives-nationales.culture.gouv.fr/siv/rechercheconsultation/consultation/producteur/consultationProducteur.action?notProdId=FRAN_NP_050675 "France National Archives_NP_050675 - Online catalogue"]. ''www.siv.archives-nationales.culture.gouv.fr'' (in French)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-12-04</span></span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)]]</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web|author=d’Huart|first=S.|date=|title=Inventaire analytique (435AP/1-435AP/9)|url=https://www.siv.archives-nationales.culture.gouv.fr/siv/rechercheconsultation/consultation/ir/pdfIR.action?irId=FRAN_IR_005762|archiveurl=|archivedate=|accessdate=2020-12-04|work=National Archives|language=fr}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFd’Huart">d’Huart, S. [https://www.siv.archives-nationales.culture.gouv.fr/siv/rechercheconsultation/consultation/ir/pdfIR.action?irId=FRAN_IR_005762 "Inventaire analytique (435AP/1-435AP/9)"]. ''National Archives'' (in French)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-12-04</span></span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)]]</ref> O dere n'okpuru aha edemede dị iche iche gụnyere Marthe Y. Lebas, Marthe Yvette Guyot na Marthe Yveta Lebas-Guyot.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Katalog der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek|url=https://portal.dnb.de/opac.htm?method=simpleSearch&cqlMode=true&query=nid=1167518594|accessdate=2020-12-04|work=portal.dnb.de}}</ref> === Mgbalị Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ === Ọrụ ya n'oge agha ahụ dị ịrịba ama na Austria na United States.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|title=FRAN_POG_05 - Online catalogue|url=https://www.siv.archives-nationales.culture.gouv.fr/siv/rechercheconsultation/consultation/pog/consultationPogN3.action?nopId=p-aa3lhto12-1lth66fm2owc0&pogId=FRAN_POG_05&search=|accessdate=2020-12-04|work=www.siv.archives-nationales.culture.gouv.fr}}</ref> N'ịbụ onye na-asụ Bekee nke ọma, Lebas-Guyot rutere na United States n'ọnwa Eprel afọ 1941 ma site na Septemba afọ 1941 ruo Ọktoba afọ 1943, ọ nyere ọrụ mgbasa ozi na mgbasa ozi redio maka nzukọ France Forever<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|author=|first=|date=|title=France National Archives_NP_050675 - Online catalogue|url=https://www.siv.archives-nationales.culture.gouv.fr/siv/rechercheconsultation/consultation/producteur/consultationProducteur.action?notProdId=FRAN_NP_050675|archiveurl=|archivedate=|accessdate=2020-12-04|work=www.siv.archives-nationales.culture.gouv.fr|language=fr}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.siv.archives-nationales.culture.gouv.fr/siv/rechercheconsultation/consultation/producteur/consultationProducteur.action?notProdId=FRAN_NP_050675 "France National Archives_NP_050675 - Online catalogue"]. ''www.siv.archives-nationales.culture.gouv.fr'' (in French)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-12-04</span></span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)]]</ref> Na mgbakwunye, Lebas-Guyot rụrụ ọrụ maka ngalaba French nke Voice of America dị ka onye nchịkọta akụkọ, ebe o mepụtara mmemme redio kwa ụbọchị nke akpọrọ La France en Guerre (France na Agha). N'afọ 1943, Yvette Lebas sonyeere ndị Free French Forces, nke General Charles de Gaulle duziri, dị ka onye isi nke ọrụ ụgbọ mmiri ụmụ nwanyị. N'okpuru iwu ya, o guzobere French Female Fleet Forces na Algiers, [[Algeria]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|author=|first=|date=|title=France National Archives_NP_050675 - Online catalogue|url=https://www.siv.archives-nationales.culture.gouv.fr/siv/rechercheconsultation/consultation/producteur/consultationProducteur.action?notProdId=FRAN_NP_050675|archiveurl=|archivedate=|accessdate=2020-12-04|work=www.siv.archives-nationales.culture.gouv.fr|language=fr}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.siv.archives-nationales.culture.gouv.fr/siv/rechercheconsultation/consultation/producteur/consultationProducteur.action?notProdId=FRAN_NP_050675 "France National Archives_NP_050675 - Online catalogue"]. ''www.siv.archives-nationales.culture.gouv.fr'' (in French)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-12-04</span></span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)]]</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web|author=d’Huart|first=S.|date=|title=Inventaire analytique (435AP/1-435AP/9)|url=https://www.siv.archives-nationales.culture.gouv.fr/siv/rechercheconsultation/consultation/ir/pdfIR.action?irId=FRAN_IR_005762|archiveurl=|archivedate=|accessdate=2020-12-04|work=National Archives|language=fr}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFd’Huart">d’Huart, S. [https://www.siv.archives-nationales.culture.gouv.fr/siv/rechercheconsultation/consultation/ir/pdfIR.action?irId=FRAN_IR_005762 "Inventaire analytique (435AP/1-435AP/9)"]. ''National Archives'' (in French)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-12-04</span></span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)]]</ref> === Ihe omume mgbe agha gasịrị === Mgbe agha ahụ gasịrị, malite na June 1946, Lebas-Guyot rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye ntụgharị na onye ntụgharị ihe na France maka odeakwụkwọ nke Kọmitii General Staff. Mgbe ahụ na June 1948 ọ ghọrọ onye ntụgharị maka ndị nnọchi anya France na United Nations di na [[New York City|New York]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|author=|first=|date=|title=France National Archives_NP_050675 - Online catalogue|url=https://www.siv.archives-nationales.culture.gouv.fr/siv/rechercheconsultation/consultation/producteur/consultationProducteur.action?notProdId=FRAN_NP_050675|archiveurl=|archivedate=|accessdate=2020-12-04|work=www.siv.archives-nationales.culture.gouv.fr|language=fr}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.siv.archives-nationales.culture.gouv.fr/siv/rechercheconsultation/consultation/producteur/consultationProducteur.action?notProdId=FRAN_NP_050675 "France National Archives_NP_050675 - Online catalogue"]. ''www.siv.archives-nationales.culture.gouv.fr'' (in French)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-12-04</span></span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)]]</ref> N'afọ 1964, o bipụtara akwụkwọ akụkọ ndụ onwe onye, ''Le Mariage de Moscou'' (''Alụmdi na Nwunye nke Moscow''), n'okpuru aha mbụ ya bụ Marthe Y. Lebas, ebe ọ chetara izute Jean Arens (1889-1937), onye nnọchi anya mba Soviet Union na enyi ya na Paris na Moscow<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|author=|first=|date=|title=France National Archives_NP_050675 - Online catalogue|url=https://www.siv.archives-nationales.culture.gouv.fr/siv/rechercheconsultation/consultation/producteur/consultationProducteur.action?notProdId=FRAN_NP_050675|archiveurl=|archivedate=|accessdate=2020-12-04|work=www.siv.archives-nationales.culture.gouv.fr|language=fr}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.siv.archives-nationales.culture.gouv.fr/siv/rechercheconsultation/consultation/producteur/consultationProducteur.action?notProdId=FRAN_NP_050675 "France National Archives_NP_050675 - Online catalogue"]. ''www.siv.archives-nationales.culture.gouv.fr'' (in French)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-12-04</span></span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)]]</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web|author=d’Huart|first=S.|date=|title=Inventaire analytique (435AP/1-435AP/9)|url=https://www.siv.archives-nationales.culture.gouv.fr/siv/rechercheconsultation/consultation/ir/pdfIR.action?irId=FRAN_IR_005762|archiveurl=|archivedate=|accessdate=2020-12-04|work=National Archives|language=fr}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFd’Huart">d’Huart, S. [https://www.siv.archives-nationales.culture.gouv.fr/siv/rechercheconsultation/consultation/ir/pdfIR.action?irId=FRAN_IR_005762 "Inventaire analytique (435AP/1-435AP/9)"]. ''National Archives'' (in French)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-12-04</span></span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)]]</ref> Lebas-Guyot nwụrụ n'ụlọ ya dị na Paris na 14 Mee 1966. A na-edebe akwụkwọ ya n'ebe a na-edebe ihe ochie nke mba French ma kpọọ ya aha: Lebas-Guyot (Yvette) 435AP.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|author=d’Huart|first=S.|date=|title=Inventaire analytique (435AP/1-435AP/9)|url=https://www.siv.archives-nationales.culture.gouv.fr/siv/rechercheconsultation/consultation/ir/pdfIR.action?irId=FRAN_IR_005762|archiveurl=|archivedate=|accessdate=2020-12-04|work=National Archives|language=fr}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFd’Huart">d’Huart, S. [https://www.siv.archives-nationales.culture.gouv.fr/siv/rechercheconsultation/consultation/ir/pdfIR.action?irId=FRAN_IR_005762 "Inventaire analytique (435AP/1-435AP/9)"]. ''National Archives'' (in French)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-12-04</span></span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)]]</ref><ref name=":2" />{{Cite web|title=FRAN_POG_05 - Online catalogue|url=https://www.siv.archives-nationales.culture.gouv.fr/siv/rechercheconsultation/consultation/pog/consultationPogN3.action?nopId=p-aa3lhto12-1lth66fm2owc0&pogId=FRAN_POG_05&search=|accessdate=2020-12-04|work=www.siv.archives-nationales.culture.gouv.fr}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.siv.archives-nationales.culture.gouv.fr/siv/rechercheconsultation/consultation/pog/consultationPogN3.action?nopId=p-aa3lhto12-1lth66fm2owc0&pogId=FRAN_POG_05&search= "FRAN_POG_05 - Online catalogue"]. ''www.siv.archives-nationales.culture.gouv.fr''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-12-04</span></span>.</cite></ref> == Ntụaka == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} [[Otú:Pages with unreviewed translations]] bajeei02w0qv0a931wa0qnw4dr81bvd 0 75600 644270 633017 2026-05-30T20:14:19Z Geraldine Kene 23189 Fixed reference error 644270 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />'''Yvonne Pitrois''' (14 Disemba 1880 - 23 Eprel 1937) bụ onye edemede French. O dere ọtụtụ akwụkwọ a ma ama, gụnyere ọtụtụ akụkọ ndụ nke ndị mmadụ n'akụkọ ihe mere eme. Onye ntị chiri site na nwata, Pitrois kwadoro maka ọdịmma nke ndị ntị chiri na ndị ntị chiri n'ọrụ ya, gụnyere ntọala nke magazin abụọ na-egosi ndụmọdụ na akụkọ na-akpali akpali banyere ndị ntị chiri. E nyere ya Montyon Prize na 1929 maka mbọ ọ na-agba ndụ ya niile iji kwado ndị ntị chiri na ndị ntị chiri. == Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ == A mụrụ Yvonne Pitrois na 14 Disemba 1880 na Paris.<ref name="Oviedo2007">{{Cite web|author=Oviedo|first=Alejandro|title=Yvonne Pitrois. Escritora y activista sorda francesa (1880 – 1937)|url=https://cultura-sorda.org/yvonne-pitrois/|work=La cultura sorda|accessdate=12 September 2020|date=2007}}</ref> A mụrụ ya ka ọ na-anụ ihe, ọ dara ịnụ ihe mgbe ọ dị afọ asaa mgbe ọ dara oke ahụ ọkụ.<ref name="Oviedo2007" /> Anya ya mebiekwara mgbe ọrịa a gasịrị; Ọhụụ ya dara site n'afọ asaa ruo na iri na abụọ, ma o mechara nwetaghachi ọhụụ.<ref name="Oviedo2007" /> Nne ya, onye nkuzi na onye ode akwụkwọ nke na-agba akwụkwọ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ French-Bekee na-asụ abụọ, gụrụ Pitrois n'ụlọ.[1] Pitrois na-agụ French na Bekee nke ọma ma nwee ike ịgụ egbugbere ọnụ n'asụsụ abụọ ahụ.<ref name="Oviedo2007">{{Cite web|author=Oviedo|first=Alejandro|title=Yvonne Pitrois. Escritora y activista sorda francesa (1880 – 1937)|url=https://cultura-sorda.org/yvonne-pitrois/|work=La cultura sorda|accessdate=12 September 2020|date=2007}}</ref> Pitrois na-agụ French na Bekee nke ọma ma nwee ike ịgụ egbugbere ọnụ n'asụsụ abụọ ahụ.<ref name="Oviedo2007" /> == Ọrụ ide ihe == Malite mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na asaa, Pitrois sụgharịrị ọrụ site na England na America gaa na French, ma bipụta akụkọ n'ime akwụkwọ akụkọ oge na France, England, Switzerland na United States.<ref name="Lang1995" /> Ọ bụ onye na-enye aka mgbe niile na akwụkwọ akụkọ US The Silent Worker, gụnyere kọlụm akpọrọ "From the Old World" na-ekerịta ozi gbasara ụlọ ọrụ ntị chiri na Europe..<ref name="Lang1995" /> O jiri ikpo okwu a mee ka ọrụ ụmụ nwanyị ndị ọzọ ntị chiri pụta ìhè, gụnyere onye edemede French [[Marie Lenéru]].<ref name="Lang1995" /> Pitrois bipụtara akwụkwọ mbụ ya, nchịkọta akụkọ gbasara ndụ obi umeala akpọrọ Jeunes vies, mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na asatọ.<ref name="Oviedo2007">{{Cite web|author=Oviedo|first=Alejandro|title=Yvonne Pitrois. Escritora y activista sorda francesa (1880 – 1937)|url=https://cultura-sorda.org/yvonne-pitrois/|work=La cultura sorda|accessdate=12 September 2020|date=2007}}</ref> E bipụtara akwụkwọ ya Abraham Lincoln, le libérateur des esclaves na mbipụta atọ. <ref name="Lang1995" /> Akwụkwọ ndị ọzọ gụnyere Ombres des femmes, nchịkọta akụkọ ndụ nke ụmụ nwanyị a ma ama, na Cherie, ihe na-atọ ụtọ maka ụmụ agbọghọ.<ref name="Lang1995" /> E bipụtara ọrụ ya a ma ama, akụkọ ndụ nke Abbé Charles-Michel de l'Épée, na 1912 na ncheta afọ 200 nke ọmụmụ Épée.<ref name="Hartig2007">{{Cite journal|author=Hartig|first=Rachel Mildred|title=Crossing the Divide: Helen Keller and Yvonne Pitrois Dialogue on Diversity|journal=Sign Language Studies|date=2007|volume=7|issue=2|pages=177–185|doi=10.1353/sls.2007.0003}}</ref> O bipụtara ma dezie La Petite Silencieuse, magazin maka ụmụ agbọghọ ntị chiri na ụmụ agbọghọ, site na 1912 ruo mgbe ọ nwụrụ na 1937. <ref name="UCL2014">{{Cite web|author=Stiles|first=H. Dominic W.|title=A card from Yvonne Pitrois, Deaf Writer (1880-1937)|url=https://blogs.ucl.ac.uk/library-rnid/2014/07/25/a-card-from-yvonne-pitrois-deaf-writer-1880-1937/|work=UCL Ear Institute & Action on Hearing Loss Libraries|publisher=University College London|accessdate=13 September 2020}}</ref> Magazin a na-ebipụta kwa ọnwa gosipụtara ndụmọdụ maka ndị na-eto eto ntị chiri yana akụkọ ndụ nke ndị ntị chiri nke oge a.<ref name="Hartig2007">{{Cite journal|author=Hartig|first=Rachel Mildred|title=Crossing the Divide: Helen Keller and Yvonne Pitrois Dialogue on Diversity|journal=Sign Language Studies|date=2007|volume=7|issue=2|pages=177–185|doi=10.1353/sls.2007.0003}}</ref> Pitrois degaara onye ọ bụla n'ime ndị debanyere aha 900 akwụkwọ ozi.<ref name="Lang1995">{{Cite book|author=Lang|first=Harry G.|title=Deaf persons in the arts and sciences : a biographical dictionary|date=1995|publisher=Greenwood Press|location=Westport, Connecticut|isbn=0313291705|pages=291–294}}</ref> N'afọ 1928, Pitrois guzobere magazin nke abụọ, Le Rayon de Soleil des Sourds‐Aveugles, nke e dere na French Braille maka ndị ntị chiri. <ref name="Oviedo2007">{{Cite web|author=Oviedo|first=Alejandro|title=Yvonne Pitrois. Escritora y activista sorda francesa (1880 – 1937)|url=https://cultura-sorda.org/yvonne-pitrois/|work=La cultura sorda|accessdate=12 September 2020|date=2007}}</ref> A raara ọtụtụ n'ime mbipụta nke magazin ahụ nye ịkekọrịta ozi na echiche n'etiti ndị ogbi. <ref name="Lang1995" /> E bipụtara akụkọ ndụ Pitrois banyere Helen Keller, Une nuit rayonnante, na 1922. <ref name="Hartig2007">{{Cite journal|author=Hartig|first=Rachel Mildred|title=Crossing the Divide: Helen Keller and Yvonne Pitrois Dialogue on Diversity|journal=Sign Language Studies|date=2007|volume=7|issue=2|pages=177–185|doi=10.1353/sls.2007.0003}}</ref> A maara Pitrois na Keller site na Cosmopolitan Correspondence Club, bụ́ akwụkwọ ozi ndị ogbi na-agbanwere ndị bi n'Ebe Ọdịda Anyanwụ Ụwa.<ref name="Lang1995" /> Ebe ọ bụ na Pitrois enwetala kpuru ìsì mgbe ọ bụ nwata, nakwa n’ihi na ọ bụ nwanyị ogbi na-ede akwụkwọ, o nwere mmasị ide banyere ndụ Keller.<ref name="Hartig2007" /> Pitrois ji ọmịiko na mmasị siri ike na Keller dee, ọ bụ ezie na ọ katọrọ arụmọrụ Keller na sekit vaudeville dị ka ihe ngosi na-awụ akpata oyi n'ahụ.<ref name="Hartig2007" /> Ọ bụ onye otu Société des gens de lettres, otu ndị edemede French. <ref name="Oviedo2007">{{Cite web|author=Oviedo|first=Alejandro|title=Yvonne Pitrois. Escritora y activista sorda francesa (1880 – 1937)|url=https://cultura-sorda.org/yvonne-pitrois/|work=La cultura sorda|accessdate=12 September 2020|date=2007}}</ref> O nyere aka nweta akwụkwọ na akwụkwọ akụkọ gbasara ntị chiri maka ụlọ akwụkwọ Selwyn Oxley, onye nkuzi Bekee nke nchịkọta akwụkwọ ya ga-abụ ntọala nke University College London Ear Institute na Action on Hearing Loss Libraries.<ref name="UCL2014">{{Cite web|author=Stiles|first=H. Dominic W.|title=A card from Yvonne Pitrois, Deaf Writer (1880-1937)|url=https://blogs.ucl.ac.uk/library-rnid/2014/07/25/a-card-from-yvonne-pitrois-deaf-writer-1880-1937/|work=UCL Ear Institute & Action on Hearing Loss Libraries|publisher=University College London|accessdate=13 September 2020}}</ref> == Ịrụ ndị ogbi ozi == N'oge Agha Ụwa Mbụ, Pitrois haziri nchịkọta nkwado ego iji nyere ndị ntị chiri aka bụ ndị ndị ndị agha Germany hapụrụ n'enweghị nri ma ọ bụ ebe obibi.<ref name="Oviedo2007">{{Cite web|author=Oviedo|first=Alejandro|title=Yvonne Pitrois. Escritora y activista sorda francesa (1880 – 1937)|url=https://cultura-sorda.org/yvonne-pitrois/|work=La cultura sorda|accessdate=12 September 2020|date=2007}}</ref> O dere banyere nhụjuanya nke ndị ogbi na France na Belgium n'oge agha na The Silent Worker, na-arịọ ndị na-agụ akwụkwọ America ego.<ref name="Oviedo2007" /> Na kọlụm ya, ọ sụgharịrị akwụkwọ ozi ma gosipụta foto nke ndị natara onyinye ndị ahụ.<ref name="Oviedo2007" /> O nyere aka jikọta ndị gbara ọsọ ndụ ntị chiri na ezinụlọ ha ma tinye ụmụaka ntị chiri na mmemme ụlọ akwụkwọ.<ref name="Lang1995" /> Pitrois natara Medal of Honor site na Société nationale d'encouragement au bien na 1920 ma nye ya Prix Montyon na 1929 site na Académie Française maka ọrụ ya n'imeziwanye ndụ ndị ntị chiri na ndị ntị chiri. <ref name="Lang1995" /> Académie Française mere ya onye isi maka ọrụ edemede ya. <ref name="Lang1995" /> Mgbe agha ahụ biri na ọnwụ nne ya, Pitrois nabatara ụmụ agbọghọ ntị chiri ma ọ bụ ndị nwere nsogbu ka ha soro ya biri n'ụlọ ya dị n'ime ime obodo na Brittany.<ref name="Oviedo2007">{{Cite web|author=Oviedo|first=Alejandro|title=Yvonne Pitrois. Escritora y activista sorda francesa (1880 – 1937)|url=https://cultura-sorda.org/yvonne-pitrois/|work=La cultura sorda|accessdate=12 September 2020|date=2007}}</ref> Ọ nwụrụ na France na 23 Eprel 1937.<ref name="Oviedo2007">{{Cite web|author=Oviedo|first=Alejandro|title=Yvonne Pitrois. Escritora y activista sorda francesa (1880 – 1937)|url=https://cultura-sorda.org/yvonne-pitrois/|work=La cultura sorda|accessdate=12 September 2020|date=2007}}</ref> == Akwụkwọ ndị a họọrọ == * Ihe na-eme ka ihe na-eme ihe na-egosi ihe na-emetụta ihe na-emenye ihe na-emegharị ihe Geneva: J.H. Jeheber, 1905 * ''Nwa nwanyị Victor Hugo'' Lausanne: G. Bridel, 1906 * Abraham Lincoln, onye nnapụta nke ndị ohu Toulouse: Ụlọ ọrụ mbipụta nke Toulouse, 1911 * Ndụ Abbe de L'Epée: a kọọrọ ndị ogbi. Saint-Étienne: Ụlọ Ọrụ Ndị Ogbi, 1912 * ''Otu onye a ma ama e gburu: Miss Edith Cavell ''. Paris, 1915 * ''Ụmụ nwanyị nke Agha Ukwu 1914-1915-1916''. Geneva: J.-H. Jeheber, 1916 * ''Onyinyo ụmụ nwanyị'' Lausanne: Payot, 1929 * Christmas Veillée: Akụkọ ise maka ụmụaka na ndị okenye. Strasbourg: Akwụkwọ ozioma, 1932 == Edemside == ikj6ga226glodnztlhk51phf6oazqca 0 75734 644195 637936 2026-05-30T19:29:05Z Wikipedian12512(alt) 61413 ce 644195 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sardauna Memorial Stadium''' bụ ámá egwuregwu a na-eji eme ọtụtụ ihe na [[Gusau]], Zamfara State, Nigeria. <ref name="ws">{{Cite web|url=http://www.worldstadiums.com/africa/countries/nigeria.shtml|title=Stadiums in Nigeria|accessdate=2008-06-17|work=World Stadiums}}</ref> A na-ejikarị ya eme ihe ugbu a maka egwuregwu [[Footbọl|bọọlụ]] ma bụrụkwa ámá egwuregwu nke Zamfara United F.C. nke [[Naijiria|Naịjirịa]] Premier League. Ámá egwuregwu ahụ nwere ikike nke mmadụ 5,000.<ref name="ws" /> Mgbe Katsina United F.C. eweghachiri eweghachi na 2009, ha gbara ọkara mbụ nke oge mbụ ha na Sardauna Stadium tupu ha akwaga n'ọgbọ egwuregwu Muhammadu Dikko ọhụrụ dị na Katsina. == Edensibia == <references /> 8xofkc7lpm0xwfh0vqs0h8w3ab28yf3 0 75781 644311 637768 2026-05-30T20:57:03Z Neme244 16387 added DEFAULTSORT 644311 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Emmanuel Hyacinth Babayaro''' (amụrụ na 26 Disemba 1976) bụ onye egwuregwu bọọlụ Naịjirịa. Ọ bụ onye nche goolu, a maara ya nke ọma dịka nwanne nwoke nke onye bụbu onye egwuregwu Chelsea na Newcastle United bụ Celestine Babayaro. Emmanuel bụ onye na-agba bọọlụ n'etiti etiti dị ka nwatakịrị, mana nwanne ya nwoke nke obere Celestine ga-amanye ya igwu bọọlụ, na-akụ ya ruo mgbe ọ kwụsịrị. Ọ bụ n'ọnọdụ a ka a hụrụ ya. Babayaro sokwa n'otu ndị mmeri ọla edo nke [[Nigeria national football team|Naịjirịa]] na 1996 Olympics, otu akụkụ nke [[Celestine Babayaro|Celestine]] pụtara. == Njikọ mpụga == * [http://www.nigerianplayers.com/player.asp?pID=195 NigerianPlayers.com profaịlụ] {{Nigeria squad 1996 Olympics}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Babayaro, Emmanuel}} [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] nlxdcjqa044jsz65mrab1li4y138tb8 2 75857 644444 638099 2026-05-31T01:41:48Z Wikipedian12512(alt) 61413 Thing 644444 wikitext text/x-wiki Hello! I'm an English speaker who wants all my work to be checked. Thank you! ggy74jr3514katw9nmzp1vvy1oakk5h 0 75858 644234 641872 2026-05-30T19:42:40Z Wikipedian12512(alt) 61413 ce 644234 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Edison Joseph''' (Persian; amụrụ na Nọvemba 27, 1989) bụ ọkachamara n'egwuregwu bọọlụ nke mba Iran, onye Naịjirịa, onye na-agba bọọlụ ma mechaa gbaa bọọlụ na Southern Samity na ngalaba nke abụọ nke I-League. == Akụkọ ihe mere eme == A mụrụ Joseph na ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri Lagos, Naịjirịa. N'afọ 2009, ọ gbara bọọlụ maka Shaanxi Neo-China Chanba F.C. na Chinese Super League.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120418224806/http://www.tribalfootball.com/articles/salley-and-shaanxi-chanba-account-milligan-s-shanghai-shenhua-279481 2009 match report]</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20110724135129/http://usa.worldfootball.net/entry/_21824_transfer-sommer-2009-2010/ Transfer report from worldfootball.net]</ref> == Edensibịa == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Joseph, Edison}} [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] epqww3khbpkowl33by0txilfdbtfxix 0 75901 644031 638461 2026-05-30T14:03:52Z EzigboOmenana 7568 644031 wikitext text/x-wiki ''Ụlọ Isii'' bụ ejije ntọọchị emepụtara n’ahọ 2016.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt21744644/|title=Ụlọ Isii|author=IMDB|work=IMDB}}</ref> Ọ gbasara otu ezinaụlọ nụrụ na aga-akwụ nna ha ego ezumike ya. Ebidoro igosi ejije a na YouTube n'ahọ 2022.<ref>{{Cite web|title=ULO ISII|url=http://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLZ7WS_P8K1zDXidDrfd8P3NTYDP0WTHBn|work=YouTube|accessdate=2026-05-20|language=en}}</ref> Onye kepụtara ya bụ Paul Igwe.<ref name=":0" /> [[Stan Nze]] na Chinenye Uyanna bụ ụfọdụ ndị so n'ejije nke a. <big>Maka ya</big> <big>Ndị so</big> * [[Stan Nze]] bụ Obinna. * Emma Ayalogu bụ Ọsọndụ. * Florence Onuma bụ Magaret. * Chinenye Uyanna bụ Adaobi. * Deborah Anugwa bụ Ifeọma. * Isaac C. Kingsley bụ Iheanachọ.<ref name=":0" /> <big>Mmepụta</big> <big>Ihe ekwuru maka ya</big> 6jaqlzzbd5nggmflmyrap1ad3l6ru39 0 75936 643999 642178 2026-05-30T13:19:55Z Iwuala chisom 17246 Fixed reference errors 643999 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Suzanne Césaire''' (/seɪˈzɛər/; [sezɛʁ]; née '''Roussi'''; 11 August 1915 - 16 May 1966) bụ onye edemede French, onye nkuzi, ọkà mmụta, onye na-emegide ọchịchị na onye na-akwado ụmụ nwanyị, na Surrealist. O guzobere akwụkwọ akụkọ ọdịbendị Martinique Tropiques, nke ọ bụkwa onye nchịkọta akụkọ ya, ya na di ya, Aimé Césaire, na René Ménil, ha abụọ bụ ndị na-ede uri French a ma ama si Martinique. Ọ nwụrụ na 1966 mgbe ọ dị afọ 50 site na ọrịa kansa ụbụrụ. {{IPA|fr|sezɛʁ|lang}}{{IPA|fr|sezɛʁ|lang}}{{IPA|fr|sezɛʁ|lang}} == Oge ọ malitere == A match Césaire (née Roussi) na Poterie des Trois-Ilets na 11 August 1915 na Flore Roussi (née William), onye nkuzi ụlọ akwụkwọ, na Benoït Roussi, onye ọrụ ụlọ.<ref name=":2">{{Cite journal|first=Gilles|author=Bounoure|url=http://www.contretemps.eu/wp-content/uploads/01-160-CT6-SYLLEPSE-126-139-1-6.pdf|title=Suzanne Césaire et la question de la civilisation|journal=ContreTemps|date=May 2010}}</ref> Ọ akara akwụkwọ ya na ụlọ akwụkwọ praịmarị ya dị na Rivière-Salée na Martinique (nke ka nwewe nke mpaghara French n'oge ahụ), tupu ọ gaa ụlọ akwụkwọ akwụkwọ na-isi obodo, Fort-de-France. Mgbe ọ akwụkwọ akwụkwọ ya, ọ gara akwụkwọ akwụkwọ na Toulouse wee gaa Paris na prestigious École normale supérieure site na 1936-1938. == Mahadum na alụmdi na nwunye ya na Aimé Césaire == N'afọ 1933, Suzanne Roussi gara Toulouse maka afọ mbụ ya n'ibu akwụkwọ akwụkwọ na 1934, ọ kwagara Paris iji gaa n'ihu na igbu ya. N’ebe ahụ, ọ zutere Léopold Sédar Senghor, onye mere ka ọ mata Aimé Césaire na 1936.. <ref name=":1">{{Cite book|author=Curtius|first=Anny-Dominique|url=https://www.fnac.com/a15096553/Anny-Dominique-Curtius-Suzanne-Cesaire#omnsearchpos=2|title=Suzanne Césaire. Archéologie littéraire et artistique d'une mémoire empêchée|publisher=Karthala|year=2020|isbn=2811127941|location=Paris}}</ref><ref name="azmartinique.com">{{Cite web|url=https://azmartinique.com/fr/tout-savoir/personnages-celebres/suzanne-roussi-cesaire|title=Suzanne Roussi-Césaire|work=AZ Martinique|language=French|accessdate=2021-05-18|archivedate=2021-03-08|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210308235017/https://azmartinique.com/fr/tout-savoir/personnages-celebres/suzanne-roussi-cesaire}}</ref> . <ref name="Levisalles">{{Cite news|first=Natalie|author=Levisalles|url=https://www.liberation.fr/livres/2009/04/23/suzanne-l-aimee-de-cesaire_554226/|title=Suzanne l'aimée de Césaire|work=[[Libération]]|language=French|date=2009-04-23|accessdate=2021-05-18}}</ref> N'oge ọmụmụ ha, Césaires bụ akụkụ nke otu nchịkọta akụkọ nke akwụkwọ akụkọ agha L'Étudiant noirN'oge mkpa ha, Césaires bụ nke nke otu nchịkọta akụkọ nke akwụkwọ ozi agha L'Étudiant noirbe hrN'oge mkpa, Césaires bụ nke nke otu nchịkọta akụkọ nke akwụkwọ ozi agha L'Étudiant noirbe ha abụọ akụkọ ọrụ na Lycée Schoelchị.<ref name=":1" />u nchịkọta akụkọ nke akwụkwọ ozi agha L'Étudiant noirbe ha abụọ ọrụ na Lycée Schoeedemede. E bipụtara edemede asaa ndị a niile n'etiti afọ 1941 na 1945 na Tropiques. Ihe odide ya nyochara isiokwu ndị dị ka njirimara Caribbean, mmepeanya, na surrealism. Ọ bụ ebe na ndị na-agụ akwụkwọ na ihe odide ya, ihe ike ihe ndị sitere na edemede ya "Leo Frobenius na Nsogbu nke Mmepeanya", "A Civilisation's Discontent", "1943: Surrealism and Us", na "The Great Camouflage" asụsụ Bekee na anthology The Refusal of the Shadow: Surrealism na 1943 Michael Richardson, Caribbean (1943). Césaire nwere njikọ pụrụ iche na surrealism, nke ọ kọwara dị ka "ụdọ siri ike nke olileanya anyị".<ref name="Richardson">{{Cite book|first=Michael|author=Richardson|title=The Refusal of the Shadow: Surrealism and the Caribbean|publisher=Verso|date=1996}}</ref> N'akwụkwọ edemede ya "1943: Surrealism and Us", ọ kpọrọ oku maka surrealism nke Martinican: "Surrealism anyị ga-eweta ya nchekwa nke omimi ya. N'ikpeazụ, a ga-eme ka ndị ndị ahụ na-ahụ mma nke oge a nke ojii / ọcha, Europe / Africa, mepere emepe / obi ndị ga-agafe. A ga-enweta ike ike nke mahoulis, nke sitere na isi iyi dị ndụ. A ga'ime ka ndị nke ndị mmadụ dị ọcha na ọkụ ọkụ na-acha ọkụ. uru dị ka aha, ọnụ ọnụ aha anyị, a ga' ekiri , a so nà okwu dị otú " <ref name="Richardson"/> Césaire zụlitere mmekọrịta chiri anya na André Breton mgbe ọ gachara Martinique na 1941. Ọ raara ya nye edemede ("André Breton, onye na-ede uri", 1941) ma nata uri a raara nye ya ("For madame Suzanne Césaire", 1941). Nzukọ a na André Breton meghere ụzọ maka mmepe nke Afro-Surrealism. Ihe odide ya na-ese nke di ya, onye a mara nke ọma. Otú ọ dị, na mgbakwunye na edemede ya dị mkpa, a mgbakwunye iwere ọrụ ya dị ka onye nchịkọta nke Tropiques dị ka nri dị oke mkpa (ma ọ bụrụ na a na- teepu ya anya) na akwụkwọ Caribbean. Tropiques bụ akwụkwọ ntụziaka Caribbean emetụta n'oge ya ma bụrụ nke a na-anabata nke ọma ebe maka ọrụ ntọala ọ na-egosi nke akwụkwọ.Martiniquan.<ref name="azmartinique.com"/> Césaire rụrụ ọrụ ọgụgụ isi na nchịkwa na ihe ịga nke ọma nke akwụkwọ akụkọ ahụ.<ref name="Bounoure128">{{Cite journal|first=|author=Bounoure|url=http://www.contretemps.eu/wp-content/uploads/01-160-CT6-SYLLEPSE-126-139-1-6.pdf|title=Suzanne Césaire et la question de la civilisation|journal=ContreTemps|date=2010}}</ref> Ọ na-elekọta mmekọrịta akwụkwọ akụkọ ahụ na onye nyocha - ọrụ siri ike karịsịa n'ihi nguzo mmegide nke Tropiques n'ebe gọọmentị Vichy nọ n'oge agha - yana iwere ọrụ maka obibi akwụkwọ.<ref name="azmartinique.com" /> Mmetụta ọgụgụ isi o nwere na akwụkwọ akụkọ ahụ gosipụtara site na edemede ya "The Great Camouflage", nke bụ isiokwu mmechi nke mbipụta ikpeazụ.<ref name="Bounoure128" /> N'agbanyeghị nnukwu akwụkwọ edemede na nchịkọta akụkọ ya na akwụkwọ akụkọ ahụ, ọrụ Tropiques, nke Jean-Michel Place bipụtara na 1978, na-ekwu na Aimé Césaire na René Ménil bụ ndị na-akwalite akwụkwọ akụkọ ahụ. Tropiques bipụtara mbipụta ikpeazụ ya na Septemba 1945, na ngwụcha Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ. Site na mmechi nke akwụkwọ akụkọ ahụ, Suzanne Césaire kwụsịrị ide ihe. A maghị ihe kpatara nke a. Otú ọ dị, onye nta akụkọ Natalie Levisalles na-atụ aro na Suzanne Césaire gaara eme nhọrọ dị iche iche ma ọ bụrụ na o nweghị ọrụ nke ịmụ ụmụ isii, ịkụzi, na ịbụ nwunye onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na onye na-ede uri, Aimé Césaire.<ref name="Levisalles"/> N'ezie, nwa ya nwanyị mbụ, Ina Césaire, na-echeta ya na-ekwu mgbe niile: "Ndị gị ga-abụ ọgbọ mbụ nke ụmụ nwanyị na-ahọrọ".<ref name="Bounoure128"/> <ref name="azmartinique.com"/> Ọ bụkwa onye na-ahụ maka ụmụ nwanyị ma sonye na Union des Femmes Françaises . <ref name="azmartinique.com" />Mgbe ọ dị ide ihe, ọ gara n'ihu n'ahụ ya dị ka onye nkuzi, na-arụ ọrụ na Martinique na Haiti. == Mmeghachi omume na mmetụta == Césaire was a pioneer in the search for a distinct Martiniquan literary voice. Though she was attacked by some Caribbean writers, following an early edition of ''Tropiques'', for copying traditional French styles of poetry as well as supposedly promoting "The Happy Antilles" view of the island advanced by French colonialism, her essay of 1941, "Misère d'une poésie", condemned what she termed "Littérature de hamac. Littérature de sucre et de vanille. Tourisme littéraire" (Literature of the hammock, of sugar and vanilla. Literary tourism). Her encounter with André Breton opened the way for her development of Afro-Surrealism, which followed in the footsteps of her use of surrealist concepts to illuminate the colonial dilemma. Her dictum - "La poésie martiniquaise sera cannibale ou ne sera pas" (Cannibal poetry or nothing) - was an anti-colonial appropriation of a surrealist trope. Suzanne Césaire's repudiation of simple idealised answers - whether assimilationist, Africanist, or creole - to the situation of colonialism in the Caribbean has proved increasingly influential in later postcolonial studies. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2023)">citation needed</span>]]''&#x5D;</sup> Ọkà mmụta na-adịbeghị anya Joseph-Gabriel na-ekwu na Césaire nyere ntọala dị mkpa maka akwụkwọ ndị na-emegide ndị eze ukwu na Caribbean na ọrụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị. Ọ bụ ezie na Césaire bipụtara edemede ole na ole, enwere ike ịchọta mmetụta ya na-aga n'ihu site na akwụkwọ ozi onwe onye yana ncheta sitere n'aka ụmụ akwụkwọ Haiti. N'akwụkwọ ozi o degaara Gauclére, Césaire kọwara ọrụ ya na Haiti dị ka onye ozi nke nyere ọzụzụ ndị nkuzi, dee nyocha akwụkwọ, ma dezie edemede maka ebumnuche nke ịkwado nkuzi Aime. Ndị na-eme ngagharị iwe maka ụmụ akwụkwọ Haiti Gérald Bloncourt na Michael Löwy chetara okwu Breton kwuru n'ihu ọha banyere surrealism dị ka ihe enyemaka n'ịkpali iwepu onye isi ala Haiti na-abụghị onye ọchịchị onye kwuo uche ya Lescot.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|author=Joseph-Gabriel|first=Annette K.|title=Beyond the Great Camouflage: Haiti in Suzanne Césaire's Politics and Poetics of Liberation|journal=Small Axe|date=2016|volume=20|issue=2|pages=1–13|doi=10.1215/07990537-3626716|id={{Project MUSE|622465}}}}<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles></ref> Ọrụ Suzanne Cesaire mere emume ọtụtụ agbụrụ na ọdịbendị dị iche iche nke guzobere ọdịbendị Caribbean nke oge ya. Ọ bụ ezie na a katọrọ ya nke ukwuu maka iji echiche ndị isi ojii mee ihe, o jiri ha mee ihe n'ihe odide ya iji kpasuo ma onye na-achị ala ma ndị na-achị achị ka ha nyochaa echiche ha banyere agbụrụ. O dere "Ihe kachasị enye nsogbu bụ nke anyị. Anyị ga-eme ihe. Ala a, ala anyị, nwere ike ịbụ naanị ihe anyị chọrọ ka ọ bụrụ".<ref name=":0" /> == Ọrụ == === edemede ndị e bipụtara na Tropiques''Ebe Okpomọkụ'' === * "Leo Frobenius na nsogbu nke mmepeanya" (April 1941) * "Alain na ịma mma" (July 1941) * "André Breton, onye na-ede uri" (Ọktoba 1941) * "Ọdachi nke uri" (Jenụwarị 1942) * "Ọrịa nke mmepeanya" (April 1942) * "1943: Anyị na Surrealism" (Ọktoba 1943) * "The Great Camoflage" (1945) === Akwụkwọ === * <cite class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFMaximin2009">''Suzanne Césaire - nnukwu ihe nzuzo ''[Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] </cite> <cite class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFMaximin2009">Paris: Le Seuil.</cite> Akwụkwọ a bụ nchịkọta edemede asaa ya.{{Cite book|author=Maximin|first=Daniel|title=Suzanne Césaire: le grand camouflage. Écrits de dissidence (1941-1945), Daniel Maximin (éd.)|publisher=Le Seuil|location=Paris|year=2009}} * The Great Camouflage: Writings of Dissent (1941-1945), Daniel Maximin (ed.), Keith L. Walker (tr.). <cite class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFMaximin2012">Middletown: Wesleyan University Press.</cite> Nsụgharị nke edemede asaa ya.{{Cite book|author=Maximin|first=Daniel|title=The Great Camouflage: Writings of Dissent (1941-1945), Daniel Maximin (éd.), Keith L. Walker (tr.)|publisher=Wesleyan University Press|location=Middletown|year=2012}} === Nsụgharị Bekee === * "The Malaise of a Civilization" na "The Great Camouflage" na <cite class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFSharpley-Whiting2002"><span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required">[[iarchive:negritudewomen00shar|''Ụmụ nwanyị ojii'']]</span>. Ọ bụ Sharpley-Whiting, T. Denean sụgharịrị ya; Van Den Abbeele, Georges. Minneapolis: Mahadum nke Minnesota. peeji nke [[iarchive:negritudewomen00shar/page/130|130]]-140).&nbsp;</cite>{{Cite book|title=Negritude Women|url=https://archive.org/details/negritudewomen00shar|first=T. Denean|author=Sharpley-Whiting|location=Minneapolis|publisher=University of Minnesota|year=2002|pages=[https://archive.org/details/negritudewomen00shar/page/130 130]–140)}} * "Surrealism and Us" na "The Domain of the Marvelous" (nke sitere na edemede ahụ bụ ŌAlain et l'esthétique) na Caws, Mary Ann, ed. (2001). Manifesto: Otu narị afọ nke isms. Nke Gibson, Erin sụgharịrị. Lincoln: U. nke Nebraska. peeji nke 488-492. <nowiki>ISBN 9780803264076</nowiki>.{{Cite book|title=Manifesto: A Century of isms|url=https://archive.org/details/manifestocentury00caws|editor=Caws|location=Lincoln|publisher=U. of Nebraska|year=2001|pages=[https://archive.org/details/manifestocentury00caws/page/488 488–492]|isbn=9780803264076}}<cite class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFCaws2001">(2001). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required">[[iarchive:manifestocentury00caws|''Manifesto: Otu narị afọ nke isms'']]</span>. Nke Gibson, Erin sụgharịrị. Lincoln: U. nke Nebraska. peeji nke 488-492. &nbsp;[[ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/9780803264076|<bdi>9780803264076</bdi>]].&nbsp;</cite> * "The Domain of the Marvelous" (nke sitere na edemede ahụ) na Caws, Mary Ann, ed. <cite class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFCaws2001">(2001). <span class="id-lock-limited" title="Free access subject to limited trial, subscription normally required">[[iarchive:surrealistpainte00caws|''Ndị na-ese ihe na ndị na-ede uri: Anthology'']]</span>. Nke Gibson, Erin sụgharịrị. Cambridge: MIT Press. peeji nke [[iarchive:surrealistpainte00caws/page/n191|157]].&nbsp;</cite>{{Cite book|title=Surrealist Painters and Poets: An Anthology|url=https://archive.org/details/surrealistpainte00caws|editor=Caws|location=Cambridge|publisher=MIT Press|year=2001}} * "André Breton, Poet", Guy Ducornet na Franklin Rosemont, ndị nsụgharị; "Enweghị afọ ojuju nke Mmepeanya", Penelope Rosemont، onye ntụgharị; "1943: Surrealism na Anyị" na "The Domain of the Marvelous" (nke sitere na edemede "Alain et l'esthétique"), Erin Gibson, onye ntụgharị. <cite class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFRosemont1998">(1998). Surrealist Women: An International Anthology. Austin: Mahadum nke Texas Press. peeji nke 127-137.&nbsp;</cite>{{Cite book|title=Surrealist Women: An International Anthology|url=https://archive.org/details/surrealistwomeni00rose|editor=Rosemont|location=Austin|publisher=University of Texas Press|year=1998|pages=[https://archive.org/details/surrealistwomeni00rose/page/127 127–137]}} * "Leo Frobenius na Nsogbu nke Mmepeanya", "A Civilization's Discontent", "1943: Surrealism and Us" na "The Great Camouflage", Krzysztof Fijalkowski na Michael Richardson, ndị nsụgharị; na Richardson, Michael, ed. <cite class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFRichardson1997">(1997). ''Ịjụ nke onyinyo: Surrealism na Caribbean''. London: N'ụzọ ziri ezi. peeji nke 82-87, 96-100, 123-126, 156-161.&nbsp;</cite> {{Cite book|title=Refusal of the Shadow: Surrealism and the Caribbean|editor=Richardson|location=London|publisher=Verso|year=1997|pages=82–87, 96–100, 123–126, 156–161}} == Hụkwa == * ''Antilles'' * ''Ihe odide Creole'' * Leo Frobenius * [[Maryse Condé]] * V. S. Naipaul * Octave Mannoni == Ihe odide == [[Otú:Pages with unreviewed translations]] hclkw43ufscan1io3ukiy62x25xfb6z 0 75962 643969 638723 2026-05-30T12:34:04Z Chiziqa 13055 added {{DEFAULTSORT}} 643969 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Akwụkwọ akụkọ ihe mere eme '''''nke afọ''''' 2025 nke onye edemede na onye na-eme ihe ike bụ Eli Erlick dere, nke e dere n'akwụkwọ akụkọ ihe mere eme nke afọ 2025. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web|date=March 7, 2025|title=Before Gender: Lost Stories from Trans History, 1850–1950 by Eli Erlick|url=https://www.publishersweekly.com/978-0-8070-1735-7?|accessdate=August 28, 2025|work=[[Publishers Weekly]]}}</ref> Akwụkwọ a na-akọwa ndụ mmadụ iri atọ nke ndị mgbanwe-okike na narị afọ nke iri na iteghete na nke iri abụọ, ma na-achọ ịgbagha echiche na ndị mgbanwe okike bụ ihe ọhụrụ. <ref name="before-gender">Erlick, Eli, ''Before Gender: Lost Stories from Trans History, 1850-1950''. Boston: Beacon Press. {{ISBN|978-080701825-5}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=December 6, 2024 |title=Mapping Attacks on LGBTQ Rights in U.S. State Legislatures in 2024 |url=https://www.aclu.org/legislative-attacks-on-lgbtq-rights-2024 |access-date=August 28, 2025 |website=[[American Civil Liberties Union]]}}</ref> == Ihe ndabere == Eli Erlick, onye gbanwere mgbe ọ bụ nwata na mbido afọ 2000, kwuru na ebubo na ndị mgbanwe okike adịghị adị ruo n'oge na-adịbeghị anya, na mwakpo nke afọ 2020 megide ndị mgbanwe okike, bụ ihe mere o ji mepụta akwụkwọ ahụ. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|author=Erlick|first=Eli|date=May 27, 2025|title=Recovering Lost Stories from Trans History|url=https://www.yesmagazine.org/body-politics/2025/05/27/before-gender-lost-stories-trans-history-excerpt|accessdate=August 28, 2025|work=[[Yes! (U.S. magazine)|Yes!]]}}</ref> Mgbe ọ na-ede akwụkwọ ahụ, ndị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị US webatara ọtụtụ iwu gbasara ndị mgbanwe okike.{{R|before-gender}} <sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 228">&#x3A;&#x200A;228&#x200A;</span></sup><ref>{{Cite web|author=Danis|first=Lindsey|date=May 30, 2025|title=Boycotts Are Back: Queer Travelers Fight Bigotry With Their Wallets|url=https://www.yesmagazine.org/body-politics/2025/05/30/queer-travelers-boycott-history|accessdate=August 29, 2025|work=[[Yes! (U.S. magazine)|Yes!]]|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|author=Blewett|first=Kelly|date=May 27, 2025|title=Book review of Before Gender by Eli Erlick|url=https://www.bookpage.com/reviews/before-gender-eli-erlick-book-review/|accessdate=August 28, 2025|work=BookPage}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|date=December 6, 2024|title=Mapping Attacks on LGBTQ Rights in U.S. State Legislatures in 2024|url=https://www.aclu.org/legislative-attacks-on-lgbtq-rights-2024|accessdate=August 28, 2025|work=[[American Civil Liberties Union]]}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|author=Ceron|first=Ella|date=April 5, 2023|title=State Lawmakers Are Pushing Anti-Trans Legislation at Record Rates|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2023-04-05/state-lawmakers-are-pushing-anti-trans-legislation-at-record-rates|accessdate=August 28, 2025|work=[[Bloomberg News]]}}</ref> Erlick kọwara na ikwu maka ịkpa ókè agbụrụ na mgbanwe mmekọrịta mmụọ kpaliri akwụkwọ ahụ, sị: “N'ime afọ iri gara aga, e nweela opekata mpe akwụkwọ iri na abụọ gbasara ndị ọcha mgbanwe na mba ndị dị n'Ebe Ọdịda Anyanwụ kpọmkwem. Achọrọ m ka akwụkwọ a lekwasị anya na onye ọ bụla ọzọ.” <ref name="thepinknews.com">{{Cite web|title=Eli Erlick's Before Gender offers a vital new perspective on trans history|date=8 May 2025|url=https://www.thepinknews.com/2025/05/08/eli-erlick-before-gender/}}</ref> Akwụkwọ akụkọ Ụlọ akwụkwọ nke Ekọnọmiks London nnyocha nke akwụkwọ gbakwụnyere, sị: “Ihe na-adịghị na akwụkwọ agụmakwụkwọ dịnụ bụ akụkọ gbasara ọmụmụ ihe, na-elekwasị anya naanị na ndụ ndị mgbanwe - oghere ọrụ Erlick mebiri.” <ref name="blogs.lse.ac.uk">{{Cite web|title=Lost stories and radical lives from trans history - LSE Review of Books|date=15 September 2025|url=https://blogs.lse.ac.uk/lsereviewofbooks/2025/09/15/book-review-before-gender-lost-stories-from-trans-history-1850-1950-eli-erlick/}}</ref> == Nchịkọta Nkọwa == E kewara akwụkwọ a ụzọ anọ gbasara ụmụaka, ndị na-eme ngagharị iwe, ndị ọrụ, na ndị egwuregwu, nke ọ bụla nwere akụkọ banyere mgbanwe n'etiti 1850 na 1950. Erlick kwuru na akụkọ ndị ahụ na-enye "akụkọ ihe mere eme ọhụrụ nke ndị mgbanwe okike". <ref>{{Cite journal|author=Rutherford|first=Samuel|date=August 21, 2025|title=Before Gender: Lost stories from trans history 1850–1950|url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/09612025.2025.2549861|journal=[[Women's History Review]]|language=en|pages=1–2|doi=10.1080/09612025.2025.2549861|issn=0961-2025}}</ref> Akwụkwọ ahụ gụnyere ndekọ nke ụmụ obere mgbanwe okike ndị natara ọgwụgwọ nnọchi homonụ n'afọ 1930, ọtụtụ iri afọ tupu akụkọ ndị gara aga. O kpughekwara nkọwa nke ihe Erlick kpọrọ ọgba aghara Rauchfangswerder na Ueno Park nke afọ 1930 na 1948, nnupụisi LGBT abụọ tupu ọgba aghara Stonewall ruo ọtụtụ iri afọ. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|author=Erlick|first=Eli|date=May 27, 2025|title=Recovering Lost Stories from Trans History|url=https://www.yesmagazine.org/body-politics/2025/05/27/before-gender-lost-stories-trans-history-excerpt|accessdate=August 28, 2025|work=[[Yes! (U.S. magazine)|Yes!]]}}</ref> Erlick na-ekwu na ha bụ "mwakpo queer na trans abụọ mbụ a maara". {{R|before-gender}} <sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 60">&#x3A;&#x200A;60&#x200A;</span></sup>Erlick kọwakwara akụkọ banyere otu nwanyị transgender bụbu ohu nke nwetara nkwenye ibi ndụ dịka nwanyị site na Freedmen's Bureau, nke ọ na-arụ ụka na ọ bụ ya bụ onye mgbanwe okike mbụ a maara nke ọma ịgbanwe mmekọahụ ya n'ụzọ iwu kwadoro na US. == Nsogbu Cleopatra == Arụmụka ndị ọkà mmụta gbasara akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ịkpọ aha ndị mmadụ gara aga dịka ndị mgbanwe okike mere ka Erlick wepụta okwu ahụ bụ "nsogbu Cleopatra ", usoro akụkọ ihe mere eme nke na-egosi asụsụ nye ndị gara aga. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Hansford|first=Amelia|date=May 8, 2025|title=Eli Erlick's Before Gender offers a vital new perspective on trans history|url=https://www.thepinknews.com/2025/05/08/eli-erlick-before-gender/|accessdate=August 28, 2025|work=[[PinkNews]]}}</ref> "Cleopatra bụ nwanyị n'agbanyeghị na ọ dịrị ndụ ihe karịrị otu puku afọ tupu okwu ahụ bụ nwanyị adị. Nke ahụ ọ̀ pụtara na anyị kwesịrị ịjụ ịkpọ ya nwanyị? Kedu ka anyị si mara na ọ bụ nwanyị na ihe kpatara ya? Ụmụ nwanyị ndị okike ha bu ihe chi nyere ha nwere ọrụ dị iche iche nke nwoke na nwanyị afọ puku abụọ gara aga, dịka atụmanya maka ndị mgbanwe okike si dị iche," Erlick dere. {{R|before-gender}} <sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 12">&#x3A;&#x200A;12&#x200A;</span></sup>Erlick na-arụ ụka na otu nsogbu a nwekwara ike itinye n'ọrụ na okwu ndị bụ nwoke idina nwoke na Latina . {{R|before-gender}} <sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Pages: 14–15">&#x3A;&#x200A;14–15&#x200A;</span></sup>Akwụkwọ akụkọ Ụlọ akwụkwọ nke Ekọnọmiks London nnyocha akwụkwọ kọwara, "Mgbalị ndị mmadụ na-eme iji chọpụta ma mmadụ nwere ike ịbụ onye mgbanwe nwere nsogbu, mana ụfọdụ ndị ọkà mmụta na ndị na-eme ihe ike na-eme nke a[...] O kwuru okwu a site n'ikwu maka "nsogbu Cleopatra", enweghị ndị akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ụlọ ọrụ nwere ihe anyị kpọrọ ha. Nkwado maka nhọrọ ya itinye okwu ahụ n'ọrụ bụ nkọwa doro anya nke Erlick banyere mgbanwegasi site na mmalite: Ọ bụ ezie na enwere ọtụtụ nkọwa dị iche iche nke ihe ọ nwere ike ịpụta ịbụ trans, nkọwa ya gụnyere "onye ọ bụla na-achọpụta ihe na-abụghị mmekọahụ ha nke a na-enye mgbe a mụrụ ya." N'ajụjụ ọnụ ya na PinkNews, Erlick kọwara, "Onye ọ bụla kwenyere na Cleopatra bụ nwanyị. Enweghị arụmụka gbasara nke a, ekwesịghịkwa ịdị, ọ dị n'okwu. Yabụ gịnị mere anyị ji enwe otu arụmụka ahụ gbasara ndị mgbanwe? N'oge Cleopatra, e nwere ọrụ dị iche iche na ụzọ dị iche iche isi gosipụta njirimara nwoke na nwanyị. Ha nwere okwu dị iche iche. Okwu nwanyị adịghị adị ruo afọ 1100, yabụ gịnị mere anyị ji akpọ ya nwanyị, mana ọ bụghị ụmụ nwanyị mgbanwe n'afọ 1910s? Anyị na-emeso ụdị a n'ụzọ dị iche iche, echere m na e nwere ihe kpatara ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị n'azụ nke ahụ." <ref name="thepinknews.com">{{Cite web|title=Eli Erlick's Before Gender offers a vital new perspective on trans history|date=8 May 2025|url=https://www.thepinknews.com/2025/05/08/eli-erlick-before-gender/}}</ref> == Nnabata == Akwụkwọ a nwetara ezigbo nnabata, ebe ''mbipụta kwa izuka'' kpọrọ ya "mgbanwe dị mkpa ma na-emepe anya." <ref name=":1">{{Cite web|date=March 7, 2025|title=Before Gender: Lost Stories from Trans History, 1850–1950 by Eli Erlick|url=https://www.publishersweekly.com/978-0-8070-1735-7?|accessdate=August 28, 2025|work=[[Publishers Weekly]]}}</ref> ''Oriakụ Magazịnụ'' toro akwụkwọ ahụ, na-agbakwụnye "Site n'ịkọrọ akụkọ iri atọ gbasara ụmụaka, ndị na-eme ihe ike, ndị ọrụ na ndị egwuregwu, Erlick mejupụta nnukwu oghere n'akụkọ ihe mere eme dị ịrịba ama nke ndị mgbanwe." <ref>{{Cite web|author=Strand|first=Karla J.|date=May 2, 2025|title=May 2025 Reads for the Rest of Us|url=https://msmagazine.com/2025/05/02/best-feminist-books-may-2025-reads-for-the-rest-of-us-women-lgbtq-writers/|accessdate=August 29, 2025|work=[[Ms. (magazine)|Ms.]]|language=en-US}}</ref> Akwụkwọ akụkọ ụlọ akwụkwọ kwukwara akwụkwọ ahụ, na-agbakwụnye, "akwụkwọ a na-eme ka ndụ na njirimara nke ndị trans dị ka mmadụ ma na-akọwa akụkọ ihe mere eme nke, ugbu a karịa mgbe ọ bụla, dị oke mkpa maka ịnyagharịa sistemụ ndị na-eto eto na ihichapụ, ikpuchi, na ịkọwahie obodo ndị a na-emegbu." Ụlọ akwụkwọ nke Ekọnọmiks London nnyocha akwụkwọtoro, "Erlick na-emezu ihe mgbaru ọsọ doro anya iji gosi na ọ dịghị ihe ọhụrụ ma ọ bụ ihe a na-adịghị ahụkarị gbasara ịbụ mgbanwe okike; ndị mgbanwe okike anọọla ogologo oge karịa ka ihe mgbu mgbochi mgbanwe ga-atụ aro. Ntọhapụ trans abụghị ihe agaghị ekwe omume, akwụkwọ ahụ na-echetara anyị, kama ọ bụ nke chọrọ obodo, njikọ aka, na ịdị n'otu." <ref name="blogs.lse.ac.uk">{{Cite web|title=Lost stories and radical lives from trans history - LSE Review of Books|date=15 September 2025|url=https://blogs.lse.ac.uk/lsereviewofbooks/2025/09/15/book-review-before-gender-lost-stories-from-trans-history-1850-1950-eli-erlick/}}</ref> == Leekwa == * ''[[Female Husbands: A Trans History|Ndị Di Nwanyị: Akụkọ Banyere Mgbanwe Ndị Ọzọ]]'' * ''Ndị dike Transgender'' * Presentism (nnyocha akụkọ ihe mere eme) * Akụkọ ihe mere eme nwoke na nwanyị == Edensibia == [[Otú:Ḿmèm̀me LGBT]] r9etxq1440aub508cavb15k77awlhlk 0 75982 644476 638925 2026-05-31T04:50:13Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 644476 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"></templatestyles><templatestyles src="Hlist/styles.css" /><templatestyles 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src="Hlist/styles.css" /><templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"></templatestyles><templatestyles src="Hlist/styles.css" /><templatestyles src="Hlist/styles.css" /><templatestyles src="Hlist/styles.css" /><templatestyles src="Hlist/styles.css" /><templatestyles src="Hlist/styles.css" /><templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"></templatestyles><templatestyles src="Hlist/styles.css" /><templatestyles src="Hlist/styles.css" /><templatestyles src="Hlist/styles.css" /><templatestyles src="Hlist/styles.css" /><templatestyles src="Hlist/styles.css" /> [[Faịlụ:Africa_(satellite_image).jpg|thumb|Foto Satellite nke kọntinent Afrịka.]] Feminizim Afrịka gụnyere echiche na mmegharị ndị na-elekwasị anya kpọmkwem na ahụmịhe na mkpa ụmụnwaanyị Afrịka bi na kọntinent Afrịka (ụmụnwaanyị Afrịka ndị bi na…)… [[Afrịka|Kọntinent Afrịka]]). Site n'echiche ọdịda anyanwụ, echiche na mmegharị ndị a na-adaba n'okpuru akara nchebe nke Feminism, mana nkewa a na-eduhie ọtụtụ alaka nke "feminism" Africa. Ụmụ nwanyị Afrịka anọwo na ọgụ gbasara nhatanha nwoke na nwanyị kemgbe ogologo oge tupu aha “feminizim Afrịka” sitere n’echiche ọdịda anyanwụ apụta, ma a na-elegharakarị akụkọ ihe mere eme a anya. N’agbanyeghị nkọwa a, ibe a ga-eji okwu “feminizim” kpọọ echiche na mmegharị Afrịka iji dabara n’otu netwọkụ dị mkpa nke… [[Wikipidia|Wikipedia]] na ụmụ nwanyị zuru ụwa ọnụ (dị ka [[Feminism in Sweden|ụmụ nwanyị na Sweden]], ụmụ nwanyị na India, ụmụ nwanyị na Mexico, ụmụ nwanyị na Japan, ụmụ nwanyị dị na Germany, na ụmụ nwanyị na South Africa). N'ihi na Afrịka abụghị otu ihe, ọ dịghị otu echiche ma ọ bụ mmegharị nke ụmụ nwanyị na-egosipụta ahụmahụ niile ụmụ nwanyị Afrịka nwere. A na-ejikọta echiche ụmụ nwanyị Africa mgbe ụfọdụ, na mkparịta ụka, ma ọ bụ na-emegide Black Feminism ma ọ bụ African feminism (nke a na-ahụ dịka ihe ụmụnwaanyị Afrịka bi na mba ọzọ mepụtara ma bụrụkwa maka ha, kama ụmụnwaanyị Afrịka bi na kọntinent ahụ ma ọ bụ ndị si na ya pụta nso nso a). Ibe a na-akọwa ụkpụrụ izugbe nke feminizim Afrịka, echiche dị iche iche, na ụfọdụ ihe atụ nke mmegharị na echiche feminizim n’obodo Afrịka dị iche iche.. == Ihe ndị mere n'oge gara aga == === Ọganihu nke African Feminism === Ndị ọkà mmụta dị ka [[Gabeba Baderoon]] na Alicia C. Decker na-ekwu na ụmụ nwanyị Afrịka bụ ndị inyom mbụ. A na-ewere ndị dị ka [[Nana Asma’u|Nana Asma'u]], nwa eze nwanyị Afrịka nke narị afọ nke iri na asatọ, na òtù Yan Taru ya iji nye ụmụ nwanyị ike ma kụziere ha ihe na Caliphate Sokoto dị ka ndị na-ebute ụzọ na ụmụ nwanyị nke oge a n'Africa. Ụmụ nwanyị Afrịka etinyelarị aka nke ukwuu na World Conference on Women, 1985 <ref>{{Cite journal|author=Swaim-Fox|first=Callan|date=2018-11-01|title=Decade for Women Information Resources #5Images of Nairobi, Reflections and Follow-Up, International Women's Tribune Center|journal=Meridians|language=en|volume=17|issue=2|pages=296–308|doi=10.1215/15366936-7176450|issn=1536-6936}}</ref> ma anọwo ogologo oge na-amata ma na-enwe ekele maka onyinye onye ọ bụla nyere. <ref>{{Cite journal|author=Busia|first=Abena P. A.|date=2018-11-01|title=Creating the Archive of African Women's WritingReflecting on Feminism, Epistemology, and the Women Writing Africa Project|journal=Meridians|language=en|volume=17|issue=2|pages=233–245|doi=10.1215/15366936-7176406|issn=1536-6936}}</ref> Ụfọdụ ndị ọzọ kwenyere na feminizim Afrịka bụ ihe ọhụrụ pụtara n’oge a; nzaghachi nye adịghị ike ndị dị na echiche feminizim ọdịda anyanwụ bụ isi. N'agbanyeghi mmalite ya, ụmụ nwanyị Africa abụghị naanị nzaghachi maka iwepụ nwanyị Africa na ọhụụ ụmụ nwanyị ọcha. Ụmụ nwanyị Afrịka enweela ọgụgụ isi na ọchịchọ ịmepụta ngosipụta nke ụmụ nwanyị nke na-anabata nzụlite na ahụmịhe nke ha. African femism gụnyere ọtụtụ echiche na mmegharị nke na-ekwupụta eziokwu nke ụmụ nwanyị na mba Africa dị iche iche.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://agi.ac.za/sites/agi.ac.za/files/features_-_african_feminism_in_the_21st_century-_a_reflection_on_ugandagcos_victories_battles_and_reversals.pdf|title=African feminism in context: Reflections on the legitimation battles, victories and reversals|author=Ahikire|first=Josephine|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160802051528/http://agi.ac.za/sites/agi.ac.za/files/features_-_african_feminism_in_the_21st_century-_a_reflection_on_ugandagcos_victories_battles_and_reversals.pdf|archivedate=2016-08-02}}</ref> A na-edozi mkpa ụmụ nwanyị, eziokwu, mmegbu, na ike site na nghọta zuru oke na nke na-anabata ihe ndị ọzọ na-emetụta ya yana ihe ndị pụrụ iche na àgwà otu na nkọwa onwe onye dị ka ụmụ nwanyị.<ref name=":1"/> [[Naomi Nkealah]] African feminism “na-agba mbọ ịmepụta nwanyị Afrịka ọhụrụ nke nwere nnwere onwe, na-arụpụta ihe, ma bụrụkwa onye nwere ntụkwasị obi n’onwe ya n’ime omenala dị iche iche nke Afrịka. Feminism n’Afrịka, n’ikpeazụ, na-achọ ịgbanwe omenala n’ụzọ ọ na-emetụta ụmụ nwanyị n’obodo dị iche iche.”. "<ref name=":2">{{Cite book|author=Nkealah|first=Naomi|title=Conceptualizing Feminism(s) in Africa: The Challenges Facing African Women Writers and Critics|publisher=English Academy Review|year=2006|pages=133–141}}</ref> N'otu oge ahụ, Africa abụghị otu ihe. N'ihi nke a, ụfọdụ ndị ọkà mmụta akatọwo echiche nke "ndị inyom Afrịka". E nwere ọdịiche mpaghara, agbụrụ, ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, na okpukpe nke na-emetụta otú ụmụ nwanyị si ghọta ihe ụmụ nwanyị na nnwere onwe dị maka ha. <ref name=":1"/> <ref>{{Cite journal|author=Pereira|first=Charmaine|date=2018-11-01|title=Beyond the SpectacularContextualizing Gender Relations in the Wake of the Boko Haram Insurgency|journal=Meridians|language=en|volume=17|issue=2|pages=246–268|doi=10.1215/15366936-7176417|issn=1536-6936}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|author=Ouguir|first=Aziza|date=2018-11-01|title=Reflecting on Feminisms in Africa: A Conversation from Morocco|journal=Meridians|language=en|volume=17|issue=2|pages=269–278|doi=10.1215/15366936-7176428|issn=1536-6936}}</ref> Ọ bụ ezie na ụmụ nwanyị Afrịka si, dịka ọmụmaatụ, Egypt, Kenya, South Africa na Senegal ga-enwe ihe ụfọdụ yiri ya, a ga-enwe ọdịiche n'ụzọ ha si aghọta ọgụ nwoke na nwanyị.<ref name=":1" /> Ụmụ nwanyị Afrịka dị iche iche na-ahụ ma na-enwe ahụmịhe ụwa n’ụzọ dị nnọọ iche iche. A ghaghị ịnakwere ma kwanyere ọdịiche ndị a ùgwù, kama ịgbalị ijikọta ụmụ nwanyị niile n’okpuru atụmanya na-adịghị adị adị nke ịbụ ụmụnne nwanyị ọnụ n’ụwa niile..<ref name=":1" /> Otú ọ dị, e nwekwara ihe jikọrọ ya na ọgụ ụmụ nwanyị na-eche ihu n'ụwa niile. Ihe a na-ahụkarị bụ ihe ùgwù nwoke.<ref name=":1" /> Nwanyị Afrịka nke oge a siri ike, nwere ọgụgụ isi, ma nwee ike ịnagide. Ọ na-achọ ịmepụta ohere ọhụrụ maka ọgbọ nke ụmụ nwanyị Afrịka ga-abịa n'azụ ya.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Orakwue|first=Amaka|date=19 March 2018|title=What is African Feminism?|language=en-US|work=Urban Woman Magazine|url=https://urbanwomanmag.com/what-is-african-feminism/|accessdate=21 March 2018}}</ref> Dịka ọmụmaatụ, ndị na-ahụ maka ụmụ nwanyị na Ghana na-enye aka Dịka ọmụmaatụ, ndị na-akwado ikike ụmụnwaanyị (feminists) na-enye aka n’ọrụ ndị a site n’iji mgbasa ozi mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya (social media) gbanwee mkparịta ụka ọha gbasara feminizim. Ụfọdụ ndị ọkà mmụta akpọọla ka a na-elebakwu anya n'echiche ụmụ nwanyị Afrịka maka ọrụ mmekọahụ, <ref>{{Cite journal|author=Yingwana|first=Ntokozo|date=2018-11-01|title="We Fit in the Society by Force"Sex Work and Feminism in Africa|journal=Meridians|language=en|volume=17|issue=2|pages=279–295|doi=10.1215/15366936-7176439|issn=1536-6936}}</ref> mgbagwoju anya nke onye nzọpụta ọcha, ime ihe ike megide ụmụ nwanyị Afríku, <ref>{{Cite journal|author=George|first=Abosede|date=2018-11-01|title=Saving Nigerian GirlsA Critical Reflection on Girl-Saving Campaigns in the Colonial and Neoliberal Eras|journal=Meridians|language=en|volume=17|issue=2|pages=309–324|doi=10.1215/15366936-7176461|issn=1536-6936}}</ref> ụmụ nwanyị nọ n'usuu ndị agha, <ref>{{Cite journal|author=Mougoué|first=Jacqueline-Bethel Tchouta|date=2018-11-01|title=Gender and (Militarized) Secessionist Movements in Africa: An African Feminist's Reflections|journal=Meridians|language=en|volume=17|issue=2|pages=338–358|doi=10.1215/15366936-7176483|issn=1536-6936}}</ref> ọrụ ubi na ụmụ nwanyị Afrịka, <ref>{{Cite journal|author=Makana|first=Selina|date=2018-11-01|title=Contested EncountersToward a Twenty-First-Century African Feminist Ethnography|journal=Meridians|language=en|volume=17|issue=2|pages=361–375|doi=10.1215/15366936-7176516|issn=1536-6936}}</ref> mmekọrịta nwoke na nwanyị, <ref>{{Cite journal|author=Musangi|first=Neo Sinoxolo|date=2018-11-01|title=Homing with My Mother / How Women in My Family Married Women|journal=Meridians|language=en|volume=17|issue=2|pages=401–414|doi=10.1215/15366936-7176549|issn=1536-6936}}</ref> oge, [4] na echiche ndị na-eme ihe ike.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=McFadden|first=Patricia|date=2018-11-01|title=ContemporaritySufficiency in a Radical African Feminist Life|journal=Meridians|language=en|volume=17|issue=2|pages=415–431|doi=10.1215/15366936-7176560|issn=1536-6936}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|author=Moraa|first=Anne|date=2018-11-01|title=Smoke Is Everywhere, but No One Is RunningA Kenyan Activist Speaks Out|journal=Meridians|language=en|volume=17|issue=2|pages=325–330|doi=10.1215/15366936-7176472|issn=1536-6936}}</ref> === Nsogbu na Western Feminism === Dị ka echiche, emeghị ka ụmụ nwanyị ojii Afrịka chee echiche. Ọdịda anyanwụ nke ụmụ nwanyị, echiche ndị ọcha, ewepụla ahụmịhe ụmụ nwanyị ojii na ụmụ nwanyị Afrịka. ụmụ nwanyị ọcha a enweghị ike ịkọwa nsogbu ndị inyom ojii na-eche ihu na njikọ nke ma ndị ojii na ụmụ nwanyị. Ọzọkwa, ụmụ nwanyị ọcha na-ekewa ụmụ nwanyị Africa dị ka "ụmụ nwanyị na-acha ọbara ọbara," nke na-eleghara akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ụmụ nwanyị Africa na ahụmịhe pụrụ iche anya.<ref name=":0"/> Na "White Women Listen! Black Feminism and the Boundaries of Sisterhood," Hazel Carby na-ekwu na ndị ọcha na-anwa ịnagide ahụmịhe ụmụ nwanyị niile. Ọ na-ede, "Akụkọ ihe mere eme eme eme eme ewulitela mmekọahụ anyị na ịbụ nwanyị anyị dị ka ndị na-esi n'àgwà ndị e nyere ụmụ nwanyị ọcha, dị ka ihe nrite nke ụwa ọdịda anyanwụ, nweta. " Otú ọ dị, ụmụ nwanyị ọcha enweghị ike ihichapụ Africa ma ọ bụ ụmụ nwanyị Africa site na echiche ụmụ nwanyị ma ọ bụ nkwado ụmụ nwanyị.<ref>{{Cite book|author=Carby|first=Hazel|title=Black British Cultural Studies: A Reader|publisher=University of Chicago Press|year=1996|isbn=9780226144801|editor=Houston A. Baker, Jr.|chapter=White Women Listen! Black Feminism and the Boundaries of sisterhood|chapterurl=https://books.google.com/books?id=ceev2zRrKBgC&q=black+feminism+and+white+feminism&pg=PA61}}</ref> Otú ọ dị, feminizim ndị ọcha enweghị ike ihichapụ Afrịka ma ọ bụ ụmụnwaanyị Afrịka n’ozizi feminizim ma ọ bụ n’ịkwado ikike ụmụnwaanyị. Afrịka bụ Kọntinent Nne nke mmadụ niile, ya mere akụkọ ndụ na ahụmịhe ụmụnwaanyị Afrịka ga-anọgide bụrụ ihe dị mkpa mgbe niile.<ref name=":4">{{Cite book|author=Acholonu Obianuju|first=Catherine|title=Motherism: The Afrocentric Alternative to Feminism|publisher=Afa Publications|year=1995}}</ref> Ụdị mbụ nke ụmụ nwanyị bụ nzaghachi ụmụ nwanyị ọcha na ndị isi nna na-anwa igbochi ha n'ụlọ. Mana ụmụ nwanyị ndị ọcha a, ọkachasị ndị inyom na-elekọta ụlọ, enweela nnukwu ihe ùgwù na nnwere onwe ma e jiri ya tụnyere ụmụ nwanyị ojii na kọntinent ahụ.<ref name=":11" /> N'aka nke ọzọ, ndị Afrịka ibe ha ewepụla ụmụ nwanyị ha ma jiri ha mee ihe n'ụzọ dị nro site n'aka ndị na-achị ala na ndị na-eme ọchịchị ọhụrụ. N'ịbụ ndị na-eche nsogbu ndị dị ka igbu ọkpụkpụ ụmụ nwanyị, Alụmdi na nwunye ụmụaka, na ime ihe ike mmekọahụ zuru ebe niile ihu, ụmụ nwanyị ojii Afrịka aghaghị ịlụ ọgụ maka ihe karịrị ụmụ nwanyị ọcha n'ebe ndị dị ka United States na Europe.<ref name=":11" /> Ụmụ nwanyị nke oge a esila pụọ na ụmụ nwanyị ọcha ma gaa na [[Intersectionality]]. Nke a bụ mmezi karịa ịdị ọcha kpamkpam nke echiche mbụ banyere feminizim, ma mgbanwe a ka ezughị iji mechie ọdịiche dị n’etiti ahụmịhe ụmụnwaanyị ọcha na ụmụnwaanyị ojii Afrịka. N’ihi mmegide na ịkpapụ a, ọtụtụ ụmụnwaanyị Afrịka na-enwekarị mgbagha ịkpọ onwe ha feminists, ọbụlagodi na ha kwadoro ọgụ maka ikpe ziri ezi n’ihe gbasara okike nwoke na nwanyị.i. Elma Akob, onye ọkà mmụta Cameroon, kwuru Okwu TEDx nke 2022 na-atụ aro na ọdịda anyanwụ ụmụ nwanyị ekwekọghị na akụkọ ihe mere eme, ụkpụrụ, na ọdịbendị Afrịka. Ọ na-ekwu na ọdịda anyanwụ ụmụ nwanyị nke ugbu a dabere na echiche nke onye ọ bụla. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, onye na-akwado ụmụ nwanyị n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ nwere ike ịjụ ajụjụ a: Olee otú m ga-esi wepụ onwe m na mmegbu? N'ụzọ dị iche, ọtụtụ obodo ndị Afrịka dabeere n'echiche nke "anyị" <ref name=":11" /> N'ọnọdụ obodo a, ajụjụ ka mma nwere ike ịbụ: Olee otú anyị ga-esi nye onwe anyị ike ọnụ? Maka Akob, nsogbu kachasị mkpa na ụmụ nwanyị bụ na ọ naghị aghọta na ụmụ nwanyị bi n'akụkụ dị iche iche nke ụwa na-eche ụdị mmegbu dị iche iche ihu. Nkwụsi ike nke echiche ụmụ nwanyị ọdịda anyanwụ pụtara na ụmụ nwanyị na-anabataghị ọdịnala, ma na-eleda ụmụ nwanyị na'ahọrọ ọrụ ọdịnala anya.<ref name=":11" /> Ya mere, ụmụ nwanyị nwere ike ọ gaghị adaba maka Africa, mana nke a apụtaghị na ụmụ nwanyị Africa ga-anabata nna ochie. Kama nke ahụ, Akob na-atụ aro Womanism dị ka ihe ọzọ maka ụmụ nwanyị ojii, gụnyere ụmụ nwanyị ojii Africa.<ref name=":11" /> Ọ bụ ezie na ụmụ nwanyị na-elekwasị anya na nha nhata nke ụmụ nwoke na ụmụ nwanyị, ụmụ nwanyị na ụmụ nwanyị. [[Faịlụ:Awa_Thiam.jpg|thumb|Awa Thiam, onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na onye ọkà mmụta na-eme ihe ike na Senegal.]] N'ihi nsogbu ndị a na ọdịda anyanwụ ụmụ nwanyị, ọtụtụ ndị ikom na ndị inyom Afrịka atụkwasịghị ya obi.<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal|author=Kolawole|first=Mary Modupe|date=January 2002|title=Transcending incongruities: Rethinking feminism and the dynamics of identity in Africa|url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/10130950.2002.9676183|journal=Agenda|volume=17|issue=54|pages=92–98|doi=10.1080/10130950.2002.9676183}}</ref> Ụfọdụ ndị nkatọ Afrịka ya na-ahụ ya dịka naanị usoro ọchịchị ndị ọcha ọzọ sitere na ọdịda anyanwụ nke na-erigbu ndị mmadụ. N’eziokwu, ọtụtụ ụmụ nwanyị lụrụ ọgụ maka ịdị nha n’etiti nwoke na nwanyị n’Afrịka akpọbeghị onwe ha “ndị feminizim.”". Maka ụfọdụ ụmụ nwanyị Afrịka, àgwà maka akara "feminism" amụbaala na-anabatawanye oge.<ref name=":1"/> Dịka ọmụmaatụ, onye edemede Ghana Ama Ata Aidoo kwenyere na mbụ na otu ọ bụla a kpọrọ femism ga-emerụ naanị ụlọ na ndụ ezinụlọ ndị Afrịka, mana o gosipụtara nguzo dị mma na akara a na akwụkwọ akụkọ ya nke 1991 Changes . <ref name=":1" /> Ndị ọzọ, dị ka [[Buchi Emecheta]], [[Molara Ogundipe]], [[Micere Githae Mugo]], [[Amina Mama]], na [[Obioma Nnaemeka]], anabatala ụfọdụ ụkpụrụ ụmụ nwanyị, ka ha na-emekwa ka o doo anya na ha na-echekwa onwe ha na-eji "feminism" eme ihe n'Africa.<ref name=":1" /> N’iche dị iche na feminizim ndị ọcha nke ọdịda anyanwụ, mmegharị ọ bụla n’Afrịka maka ịha nhatanha n’ihe gbasara okike nwoke na nwanyị ga-elebara ọnọdụ akụkọ ihe mere eme na omenala pụrụ iche dị n’Afrịka anya ka o wee baa uru. Karịsịa, ụdị ọ bụla nke “feminizim” Afrịka ga-elebara ihe ndị a anya…ihe Awa Thiam na-akpọ ọtụtụ ihe ize ndụ: ọtụtụ ụmụ nwanyị Afrịka na-emeso mmegbu nna ochie n'ihi mmekọahụ ha, mmegbu nke ndị isi obodo n'ihi ọnọdụ mmekọrịta ha na akụ na ụba, na ọchịchị ha n'ihi agbụrụ ha na ọnọdụ ala ha ụwa ndịda ụwa.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Guy-Sheftall|first=Beverly|date=2003|title=African Feminist Discourse: A Review Essay|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/4548092|journal=Agenda: Empowering Women for Gender Equity|issue=58|pages=31–36|issn=1013-0950}}</ref> N’ezie, mkparịta ụka ndị a gosiri mkpa ọ dị ịnwe echiche gbasara okike na mmekọrịta nwoke na nwanyị nke Afrịka nke dị iche iche dịka kọntinent Afrịka n’onwe ya. Ma echiche na a ga-enwe okwu ma ọ bụ usoro echiche Afrịka gbasara mmekọrịta nwoke na nwanyị a kpọrọ “feminizim” pụrụ ịbụ naanị nsogbu nke mkpụrụokwu ndị echiche ọdịda anyanwụ metụtara. Ọ bụ nghọtahie iche na ụmụ nwanyị Afrịka enweghị ogologo akụkọ banyere ịchịkọta onwe ha ma ọ bụ ịlụ ọgụ gbasara okwu mmekọrịta nwoke na nwanyị.<ref name=":1"/> Akụkọ a nwere ike ọ gaghị akpọ "feminism," mana ọ na-agụnye ọgụ dị iche iche gbasara nwoke na nwanyị nke dị n'akụkụ ma ọ bụrụ na ọ bụghị yiri nke ndị ọdịda anyanwụ na-atụ anya ịhazi.<ref name=":1" /> N'ọtụtụ ụzọ, okwu ahụ bụ "African femism" na-ekwekọghị na ọgụ iji nweta nha nhata nwoke na nwanyị n'etiti ihe ịma aka ndị a kapịrị ọnụ n'akụkụ dị iche iche nke Africa.<ref name=":1" /> Ọnọdụ nke Africa na-echetara anyị na ụmụ nwanyị abụghị otu nha-ihe niile, nakwa na echiche ụmụ nwanyị ọdịda anyanwụ anaghị emetụta mgbe niile, ma ọ bụ n'aha ma ọ bụ na echiche. === Nchịkwa na Ọchịchị Ndị Bishọp === Ụkpụrụ nke Colonial roots nke enweghị nhata nwoke na nwanyị n'Africa na-egosi na Ịgba ohu na ọchịchị onye kwuo uche ya bụ mmalite nke enweghị nhatị n'etiti ụmụ nwoke na ụmụ nwanyị Afrịka. N'ógbè tupu ọchịchị ndị eze, ụmụ nwanyị Afrịka nwere ọkwá dị elu, na-enye aka na mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya na akụ na ụba n'etiti ndị nna site n'ịchịkwa ndị òtù ezinụlọ na-eto eto ma na-etinye aka na azụmahịa mba ụwa. Dị ka Ada Uzoamaka Azodo si kwuo, ọrụ nwoke na nwanyị n'ime obodo ndị Afrịka na-achị achị na-akwado.<ref name=":10">{{Cite journal|author=Azodo|first=Ada Uzoamaka|authorlink=Ada Uzoamaka Azodo|date=Fall–Winter 1997|title=Issues in African Feminism: A Syllabus|journal=Women's Studies Quarterly|volume=25|issue=3/4|pages=201–207}}</ref> Ọ bụ naanị n'oge ọchịchị ndị ọchịchị na-achị ala ọzọ ka ụmụ nwanyị Afrịka si n'ọnọdụ "ike na ọbụbụeze onwe onye" gaa na "onye enyemaka mmadụ".<ref name=":10" /> Na ọdịbendị Edo na Yoruba, nne eze bụ utu aha nsọpụrụ maka nne eze ma ọ bụ nwanyị nweere onwe ya nwere ọnọdụ a ma ama. Ụmụ nwanyị ndị a, site n'enyemaka nke ndị nwe aha, ga-eduzi nzukọ. Dị ka akụkọ ifo Yoruba [[Ndi Haụsa|Ndị Hausa]] si kwuo, ụfọdụ ụmụ nwanyị nwedịrị utu aha eze. Otú ọ dị, n'ihe dị ka narị afọ nke 20, nna ochie na ọchịchị ndị eze mebiri ọnọdụ ụmụ nwanyị Afrịka na ọha mmadụ. Ndị isi nwanyị tụfuru ike ha ka ndị isi nwoke malitere iso ndị ọchịchị na-achị ala na-ekwurịta okwu. Echiche ndị Ọdịda Anyanwụ Ụwa banyere nna ochie nke na-akwalite echiche nke ịdabere na ụmụ nwoke na-agbakọta na ngalaba agụmakwụkwọ, ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, na akụ na ụba nke obodo ndị a na-achị achị n'Africa.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Anunobi|first=Fredoline|date=Fall 2002|title=Women and Development in Africa: From Marginalization to Gender Inequality|url=https://digitalcommons.kennesaw.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1012&context=assr|journal=African Social Science Review|volume=2|pages=2}}</ref> === Ụmụ nwanyị Africa na Mmekọahụ === Akụkụ dị iche iche nke ụmụ nwanyị Africa na-agbasa n'ihe gbasara mmekọahụ. [[Stella Nyanzi]] na-ede: “Ndị feminizim Afrịka kewara nke ukwuu, ebe ọtụtụ n’ime ha na-ajụ ịma aka heterosexism na homophobia n’ọrụ ha na-alụso patriaki ọgụ. … Naanị ole na ole n’ime ndị feminizim Afrịka na-eso echiche radical na-eleba anya n’ihe gbasara heteronormativity, ebe obere otu ndị feminizim queer Afrịka na-etinye n’ọrụ nghọta na-abụghị nke siri ike ma ọ bụ nke a kpụrụ akpụ, nke na-ahụ okike dịka ihe na-agbanwe agbanwe ma na-asọpụrụ ịdị iche, kama ịrapara n’echiche abụọ a kapịrị ọnụ nke nwoke na nwanyị, ma ọ bụ nwoke na nwanyị dị ka naanị ụdị abụọ nke okike.” " === Ọrụ ụmụ nwoke na African Feminism === African Feminism na-agba mbọ inweta nha nhata nwoke na nwanyị, ọ bụghị iji merie ụmụ nwoke. Maka ụfọdụ ndị nọ na kọntinent ahụ, okwu ''ụmụ nwanyị'' abụrụla ihe na-ezighi ezi na-egosi otu ndị na-emegide ụmụ nwoke, ndị na-egbochi ọdịbendị, na ndị na-emebi okpukpe.<ref name=":2"/> N'ụzọ megidere nke ahụ, ọtụtụ ụmụ nwanyị na-akwado ụmụ nwanyị na'ihe gbasara okike na ime ihe. Ọtụtụ alaka nke ụmụ nwanyị Africa kwetara na ụmụ nwoke na-eche ihe isi ike nke ha ihu, na imekọ ihe ọnụ na ụmụ nwoke bụ akụkụ dị oke mkpa nke inweta mgbanwe.<ref name=":1"/> N'ezie, ihe ka ọtụtụ n'ime ndị na-eme iwu ugbu a n'ofe kọntinent ahụ bụ ụmụ nwoke, ndị inyom Afrịka chọrọ nkwado ụfọdụ site n'aka ndị a iji nweta ala na mgbanwe iwu.<ref name=":1" /> Ọtụtụ ụmụ nwanyị Afrịka na-etinye nnukwu uru na ọchịchị onye kwuo uche ya na ezinụlọ, ụkpụrụ ndị a na-akpali imekọ ihe ọnụ na ụmụ nwoke n'idozi nsogbu okike.<ref name=":1" /> Ọrụ ụmụ nwoke Afrịka na ụmụ nwanyị na-adabere na ebe, gburugburu ebe obibi, na echiche onwe onye. === Islam na African Feminism === Ụmụ nwanyị [[Àlakụ̀ba|Alakụba]] nwekwara ihe jikọrọ ya na mmepe nke echiche ụmụ nwanyị Africa. <ref>{{Cite journal|author=Lewis|first=Desiree|date=2001|title=Introduction: African Feminisms|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/4066401|journal=Agenda: Empowering Women for Gender Equity|issue=50|pages=4–10|issn=1013-0950}}</ref> N'ihi na Islam bụ okpukpe na-achịkwa n'ọtụtụ mpaghara Afrịka, ụmụ nwanyị Afrịka ga-eburu n'uche ụfọdụ mgbagwoju anya nke echiche na usoro nna ochie nke nwere ike iso omume ya. Maka ihe ndị ọzọ, biko lee ibe Wikipedia nke Islamism. == Ụkpụrụ nke African Feminism == E mepụtala ọtụtụ ụkpụrụ feminizim Afrịka dị iche iche iji zaa ahụmịhe ụmụnwaanyị dị iche iche, gbagwojuru anya, ma dịkwa iche iche n’ofe kọntinent Afrịka. === Ụkpụrụ Ndị Inyom nke Ebe Ọdịda Anyanwụ Afrịka === Ebe Ọdịda Anyanwụ Afrịka nwere ọdịnala bara ọgaranya nke echiche [[Ịhụnanya ụmụ nwanyị|ụmụ nwanyị]].^[1] N'isiokwu ya, "West African Feminisms and Their Challenges," Naomi Nkealah na-atụle ụdị dị iche iche nke African feminms.<ref>{{Cite journal|doi=10.1080/02564718.2016.1198156|title=(West) African Feminisms and Their Challenges|journal=Journal of Literary Studies|volume=32|issue=2|pages=61–74|year=2016|author=Nkealah|first=Naomi}}</ref> Nke mbụ, ọ na-ezo aka na ụmụ nwanyị, nke ọ na-ekwu na ọ bụghị akụkụ nke ụmụ nwanyị Africa, n'ihi na ọ metụtara ụmụ nwanyị Africa nke diaspora ọ bụghị ụmụ nwanyị Africa.<ref name=":0"/> Nke abụọ, ọ na-ele anya na Stiwanism, nke na-elekwasị anya na ụmụ nwanyị Afrịka ma gbanyere mkpọrọgwụ ike na ahụmịhe dị iche iche na eziokwu nke ụmụ nwanyị Afríku.<ref name=":0" /> Nke atọ, ọ na-ele Motherism anya, ụdị nne nke ụmụ nwanyị nke na-ahụ [[ụmụ nwanyị ime obodo]] ka ha na-arụ ọrụ dị mkpa nke ịzụlite ọha mmadụ.<ref name=":0" /> Nke anọ, ọ na-ele anya na femalism, nke na-etinye ahụ nwanyị n'etiti mkparịta ụka ụmụ nwanyị.<ref name=":0" /> N'ikpeazụ, ọ na-ele anya na nego-feminism na snail-sense femism, nke na-agba ume itinye ụmụ nwoke n'okwu ụmụ nwanyị iji nweta nnwere onwe ụmụ nwanyị.<ref name=":0" /> Ụdị ụmụ nwanyị ndị a nwere ọtụtụ ihe jikọrọ ha. Nke mbụ, ha niile na-ama akara ọdịda anyanwụ "feminism," aka na-eweta ahụmịhe ụmụ nwanyị Afrịka n'ihu.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|author=Nkealah|first=Naomi|year=2016|title=(West) African Feminisms and Their Challenges|journal=Journal of Literary Studies|volume=32|issue=2|pages=61–74|doi=10.1080/02564718.2016.1198156}}</ref> Nke abụọ, n'ihi na ha na-adabere na ụkpụrụ ụmụ amaala, ha na-ewere akụkọ ihe mere eme na ọdịbendị nke ndị Afrịka iji mepụta ngwá ọrụ ndị dị mkpa iji mee ka ụmụ nwanyị nwee obi ike ma kụziere ụmụ nwoke.<ref name=":0" /> Nke atọ, ha na-etinye "ntinye nwoke na nwanyị, imekọ ihe ọnụ, na ebe obibi iji hụ na ụmụ nwanyị na ụmụ nwoke na-enye aka (ọbụlagodi na ọ bụghị n'otu) iji melite ọnọdụ ihe onwunwe nke ụmụ nwanyị. "<ref name=":0" /> === Ụkpụrụ Ndị inyom nke Ebe Ọwụwa Anyanwụ Afrịka === ==== Oge Ọchịchị Ndị Na-achị ==== Alaeze Ukwu ndị na-achị ala ọzọ webatara usoro nke a na-erigbu ndị ikom na ndị inyom n'Afrịka, ebe ụmụ nwanyị na-elekọta ngalaba ọrụ ugbo. Ụmụ nwanyị bụ ndị ọrụ ugbo na ndị na-emepụta ihe, ma ndị ikom jiri ikike ha chịkwaa ala, ọrụ nke ndị nwunye ha na ego ha nwetara iji nweta ego maka onwe ha.<ref name=":03" /> N'ihe gbasara ngalaba gọọmentị, ụmụ nwoke nwere uru na ohere ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị karịa ụmụ nwanyị. Ndị Europe na-achị ala ahụ tinyere ikike nke ụmụ nwoke n'elu ụmụ nwanyị ma mepụta gọọmentị ime obodo niile na ụmụ amaala Etiopia, na-eme ka ọdịnala na iwu omenala sie ike na nchịkwa ụmụ nwoke.<ref name=":03" /> Iji gbapụ n’okirikiri a nke ụmụ nwoke na-achị, naanị nhọrọ ọtụtụ ụmụ nwanyị na ụmụ agbọghọ nwere bụ ịhapụ ime obodo ebe e mechibidoro nkà ha. Otú ọ dị, n’ihi ọchịchị ụmụ nwoke, e tinyere ọtụtụ mgbochi n’ahụ ụmụ nwanyị iji gbochie ha ịpụ; dịka ọmụmaatụ, ndị isi ọdịnala jụrụ ikwe ka ụmụ nwanyị na ụmụaka na-alụbeghị di ma ọ bụ nwunye kwaga obodo ọzọ, ma ha nwekwara ike izighachi ha azụ n’ime obodo ha.ha. Ebe Ọwụwa Anyanwụ Afrịka kemgbe ọchịchị ndị eze na-achị achị na-eche nsogbu nke enweghị nhata nwoke na nwanyị ihu, igbu ọchụ ụmụ nwanyị na ikike mmekọahụ na ịmụ nwa. Ndụ ha agbanweela site na iwu ndị e debere n'oge ọchịchị ndị ọchịchị ma gbanweekwa mmepe nke East Africa. Ha enyewo aka na ọrụ a na-akwụ ụgwọ na nke a na-adịghị akwụ ụgwọ na usoro mmepụta na ndị isi na ahịa ọrụ ugbo, na-emepụta ihe karịrị pasent 70 nke nri mpaghara ahụ. Otú ọ dị, ụmụ nwoke ka nwere uru, na-eji "omenala ma ọ bụ ọdịnala ọdịnala" dị ka ụzọ isi mụbaa ike ha, na-ahapụ ụmụ nwanyị na ụmụaka dị ka ndị ka nta. Maka nwanyị ịnwa inwe otu ohere ndị a, ọ dị mkpa ka a mụọ ha n'ezinụlọ kwesịrị ekwesị. Ụmụ nwanyị si n'ezinụlọ ndị a ma ama nwere ike inweta agụmakwụkwọ ma zụlite ọrụ ha. Inweta ike ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na nke akụ na ụba ha. Ihe atụ nke nwanyị East Africa nke jiri agụmakwụkwọ ya gbapụ na mgbochi nke East Africa, ga-abụ Wangari Maathi si Kenya. Maathi bụ nwanyị mbụ n'Ebe Ọwụwa Anyanwụ na Central Africa iji nweta nzere doctorate ma guzobe Green Belt Movement otu nzukọ iji nye ụmụ nwanyị ike "ichekwa gburugburu ebe obibi ma melite ndụ ha".<ref>{{Cite web|title=Who We Are {{!}} The Green Belt Movement|url=https://www.greenbeltmovement.org/who-we-are|accessdate=2025-04-18|work=www.greenbeltmovement.org|language=en}}</ref> Taa, ụmụ nwanyị East Africa na-alụ ọgụ maka ịha nhata nwoke na nwanyị, na òtù na-alụso okwu ndị dị ka igbu ụmụ nwanyị ọgụ ma na-abawanye nnọchiteanya ụmụ nwanyị na gọọmentị. Mpaghara UN Women's Eastern and Southern Africa (ESAR) na-agbanwe ọnụ ọgụgụ dị ala nke ụmụ nwanyị na gọọmentị ha, na-enye ụmụ nwanyị ohere ndị ọzọ ịtụ vootu, ghọọ ndị ọrụ a họpụtara ahọpụta ma na-eje ozi dị ka ndị ọrụ gọọmentị.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Eastern and Southern Africa|url=https://africa.unwomen.org/en/where-we-are/eastern-and-southern-africa_africa|accessdate=2025-04-18|work=UN Women – Africa|language=en}}</ref>Dị ka UN Women si kwuo: “Ka ọ na-erule Disemba 2020, mpaghara East na Southern Africa (ESA) dekọtara ọkwa kachasị elu nke nnọchite ụmụnwaanyị n’ụlọ omeiwu n’ime mpaghara Sub-Saharan Africa, ruru 32%. Ọnụọgụ a karịrị nkezi ụwa niile nke 24.5%. Karịsịa, mba anọ dị na ESA—Rwanda (61%), South Africa (46%), Namibia (42%), na Mozambique (41%)—so na mba iri abụọ na ise kachasị elu n’ụwa niile n’ihe gbasara pasent kacha ukwuu nke ụmụnwaanyị n’ụlọ omeiwu, ma ha niile agafela akara 40% nke a na-ewere dịka nhatanha okike (gender balance).” === Ụkpụrụ Ndị inyom nke North Africa === ==== Oge Ọchịchị Ndị Na-achị ==== Oge ọchịchị ndị ọzọ na North Africa bụ nke ndị Arab si Arab Peninsula, ndị French na ndị Britain. Ọchịchị ndị a na-achị ala na-ekwusi ike na mmegbu dabere na nwoke na nwanyị, "omume ndị France na-achị na Algeria (1830-1962), Tunisia (1881-1956), na Southern Morocco (1912-1956), n'akụkụ ndị Itali bi na Libya (1911-1951), ndị Spain na-echebe na Morocco (1912-1958) na nchịkwa ndị Britain na Egypt (1882-1956) na Sudan (1890-1953), bụ ndị a na'iji usoro eme ihe ike; site na ndina n'ike na ime ihe ike mmekọahụ ruo na mkpọsa ikpughe na mmemme ịgba akwụna. " Na Algeria na-achị, ndị France jiri ụmụ nwanyị Algeria mee ihe iji mee ka atụmatụ ha bụrụ nke iwu kwadoro ma kwalite mmemme mmetọ, nke a na-etinye na atụmatụ: "merie ụmụ nwanyị, ndị ọzọ ga-eso". Dị ka akụkụ nke mmegbu a, ndị France guzobere ụlọ ndị akwụna n'ofe North Africa, ebe nsogbu mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya mere ka ọtụtụ ụmụ nwanyị na-agba akwụna dị ka ụzọ isi dịrị ndụ. N'agbanyeghị ọnọdụ mmegbu ndị a, a makwaara ụmụ nwanyị Algeria maka nguzogide siri ike ha. Ọtụtụ ndị na-emegide ọchịchị ndị na-achị ala ọzọ ma ọbụna bụrụ ndị isi na ọgụ ahụ. Otu ihe atụ a ma ama bụ Lalla Fatma N'Soumer, onye kpọkọtara ma ndị ikom ma ndị inyom na nnupụisi a ma ama megide mwakpo ndị France wakporo mpaghara Kabyle.<ref name=":13" /> Taa, ọ na-eguzo dị ka ihe nnọchianya nke idu ndú nwanyị, ihe nketa ya na-aga n'ihu na-akpali ụmụ nwanyị Algeria n'ọgụ ha na-aga nke ọma megide nna ochie. [[Faịlụ:Tetouan-haraka-nisaiya.jpg|thumb|Ụmụ nwanyị so na Istiqlal Party na Tetouan, 11 Jenụwarị 1944]] In Morocco, similarly to Algeria and other North African countries, women were already active in fighting against the French and other Europeans. However, unlike French Algeria, French Morocco allowed some sort of autonomy, allowing the traditional system to exist besides the established French government. Despite this Moroccans were dissatisfied with the French practices and "prevalent inequities, poverty and oppression". Causing there to be a rise of Moroccan nationalism after the First World War, some women joined the armed resistance with their male relatives and others stayed away from the conflict and supported the war effort from home. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2025)">citation needed</span>]]''&#x5D;</sup> Mgbalị ụmụ nwanyị na North Africa laghachiri na ngwụcha narị afọ nke iri na itoolu. Ka ọ dị ugbu a, ma ndị ikom ma ndị inyom etinyela aka na ụmụ nwanyị nke oge a na North Africa, na-arụ ọrụ iji weghachite ikike ụmụ nwanyị. Otu n'ime ndị a ma ama na North Africa bụ onye na-eme ihe ike n'Ijipt Huda Shaarawi, onye mmetụta ya gafere Ijipt ma kpalie ọgbọ nke ụmụ nwanyị. N'afọ 1923, ọ ghọrọ onye isi oche nke Egyptian Feminist Union . Onye ọzọ bụ isi ụmụ nwanyị bụ Nawa El Saadawi na onye edemede na onye na-eme ihe ike. Ọ na-ede akwụkwọ banyere njikọ nke ikike ụmụ nwanyị na Islam. O dere akwụkwọ Women and Sex nke na-ekwu maka nsogbu nke igbu ọkpụkpụ nwanyị (F.G.M.). <ref name=":22" /> ===== Udi dqA nke Feminism ===== E nwere '''ụdị ụmụ nwanyị atọ''' dị na North Africa; nke ụwa, nke Islam na nke gọọmentị. Secular Feminism: Na-anabata echiche ụmụ nwanyị ọdịda anyanwụ na mgbakwunye na njirimara mba na ọdịbendị nke North Africa. Nnukwu nzukọ: Association Démocratique des Femmes du Maroc na L'Union de l'Action Féminine na Morocco, yana Association of Tunisian Women for Research and Development (AFTURD) na Tunisia. Òtù ndị a bụ ndị ụwa ma nwee mmetụta nke echiche ụmụ nwanyị ọdịda anyanwụ. Islamic '''Feminist Revivalist Feminism:''' Ọ pụtara n'etiti afọ 1980, nwere echiche dịgasị iche iche. E nwere mbelata nke ewu ewu mgbe Arab Spring gasịrị mana mmegharị ahụ na-aga n'ihu na-ama echiche ọdịnala na nke na-agbaso omenala aka iji melite ọnọdụ ụmụ nwanyị. Nzukọ na ndị mmadụ n'otu n'otu dịgasị iche, na Morocco ọ nwere njikọ chiri anya na ndị Islamist Justice and Development Party, na Tunisia na Ennahda Party. Ndị otu abụọ ahụ na-akwado ịha nhata nwoke na nwanyị na ikpe ziri ezi na mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya site na usoro Islam, ma na-akwado itinye aka ụmụ nwanyị na ndụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na ndụ ndị ndu n'ime omenala Islam. State Feminism:A kọwara ya dịka iwu gọọmenti kwadoro nke na-achọ ịkwalite nnwere onwe na mmepe ụmụ nwanyị. Ụdị feminizim nke atọ a malitere ịpụta n’afọ ndị 1950 ruo mmalite afọ ndị 1960. N’akụkọ ihe mere eme, a na-eji feminizim steeti eme atụmatụ pụrụ iche site n’aka gọọmenti dị iche iche nke North Africa iji meziwanye ọnọdụ ndụ ụmụ nwanyị. Inye ụmụ nwanyị ohere nweta agụmakwụkwọ ka mma, nlekọta ahụike na ohere ọrụ abụghị naanị maka nkwado ha, kama ọ bụkwa iji mee ka steeti ahụ pụta dịka ike na-eweta mmepe ọhụrụ... == Echiche Ndị Inyom nke Africa == === Ịhụnanya ụmụ nwanyị === <templatestyles src="Module:Hatnote/styles.css"></templatestyles>N'ihi na e mepụtara Womenism maka ụmụ nwanyị nke ndị Afrịka bi na mba ọzọ, ọ bụghị ụmụ nwanyị Afrịka, enwere ike ikwu na Womanism abụghị akụkụ nke African femism.<ref name=":0"/> Ụmụ nwanyị emeela ka ọ bụrụ nkatọ nke ụmụ nwanyị nwere nnwere onwe, nke na-ewepu akụkọ na ahụmịhe nke ụmụ nwanyị na-acha ọbara ọbara, ọkachasị ụmụ nwanyị ojii. Otú ọ dị, ndị ọzọ na-ahụ ụmụ nwanyị ka ọ na-apụta site na ụdị ndị Africa America na ndị Africa.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Ebunoluwa|first=Sotunsa Mobolanle|authorlink=Mobolanle Ebunoluwa Sotunsa|year=2009|title=The Quest for an African Variant|journal=The Journal of Pan African Studies|pages=227–234}}</ref> African Womanism na-ekwu maka ụmụ nwanyị site na (1) echiche Afrịka; (2) ebe ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Afrịka; (3) na echiche echiche Afrịka.<ref name=":0"/> Ụmụ nwanyị dị mkpa n'ihi na ọ na-elekwasị anya na ahụmịhe ụmụ nwanyị ojii na ọdịbendị, ọchịchị ala ọzọ, na ọtụtụ ụdị nchịkwa na mmeri ndị ọzọ na-emetụta ndụ ụmụ nwanyị Africa.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Ogunyemi|first=Chikwenye Okonjo|year=1985|title=Womanism: The Dynamics of the Contemporary Black Female Novel in English|journal=Signs|volume=11|issue=1|pages=63–80|doi=10.1086/494200}}</ref> Womanism “na-achọ ịmata nsogbu ndị metụtara ọchịchị nwoke n’ime ọha mmadụ, ebe ọ na-achọkwa ụzọ isi dozie mmegbu na ịkpa ókè a na-eme ụmụ nwanyị site n’ileba anya n’ime na n’èzí.” [[Chikwenye Okonjo Ogunyemi]] si kwuo, Womanism gbanyere mkpọrọgwụ na "echiche nke ndụ ndị isi ojii, " ma na-echegbu onwe ya "dị ukwuu na ọgụ ike mmekọahụ ndị isi ojii dịka usoro ike ụwa nke na-achịkwa ndị isi ojii. "<ref name=":1"/><ref name=":9">{{Cite journal|author=Kolawole|first=Mary Modupe|date=2002|title=Transcending Incongruities: Rethinking Feminisms and the Dynamics of Identity in Africa|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/4548076|journal=Agenda: Empowering Women for Gender Equity|volume=17|issue=54|pages=92–98|doi=10.1080/10130950.2002.9676183|issn=1013-0950}}</ref> Ụdị nke Womanism nke Clenora Hudson-Weems wepụtara bụ African Womanism, okwu nke o chepụtara n'etiti afọ 1980. Ojiji o ji okwu "Africana" mee ihe na-egosi na ọrụ ụmụ nwanyị kwesịrị ịgụnye ụmụ nwanyị na kọntinent Afrịka na ụmụ nwanyị nọ na Diaspora Afrịka. Ọ na-ekwu na a ga-enwe nkewa zuru oke site na feminizim ndị ọcha, nke bụ mmegharị e kere site n’aka ụmụ nwanyị ndị ọcha ma bụrụkwa maka ha naanị, na-enweghị itinye ahụmịhe ndị Afrịka n’ime ya. Ọ na-ekwukwa na ụmụ nwoke na ụmụ nwanyị Afrịka nwere ọtụtụ ihe ha jikọrọ ọnụ karịa ihe ụmụ nwanyị Afrịka na ụmụ nwanyị ndị ọcha nwere ọnụ, ya mere, a chọrọ ụdị ọgụ na mmegharị ọhụrụ..<ref>{{Cite book|author=Hudson-Weems|first=Clenora|url=https://philpapers.org/rec/HUDAWR|title=Africana Womanism: Reclaiming Ourselves|date=1994|publisher=Bedford Publishers}}</ref> Founded by [[Molara Ogundipe|Omolara Ogundipe-Leslie]], Stiwanism focuses more on the structures that oppress women and the way women react to these institutionalized structures. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2019)">citation needed</span>]]''&#x5D;</sup> "Stiwa" is an acronym which stands for Social Transformation Including Women in Africa.<ref name=":9"/> Ogundipe-Leslie argues that the struggle for African women is a result of colonial and neo-colonial structures that often place African males at the apex of social stratification.<ref>{{Cite book|first=Maxwell Constantine Chando|author=Musingafi|title=Philosophising Experiences and Vision of the Female Body, Mind, and Soul: Historical Context and Contemporary Theory|publisher=Information Science Reference|location=Hershey|year=2021|isbn=978-1-79984-091-6}}</ref> Furthermore, the struggles African women face are also relevant to the way they have internalized the patriarchy and have come to endorse the system themselves.  === Nkwado ụmụ nwanyị === Onye Africa na-ahụ maka ụmụ nwanyị, onye edemede, na onye ọkà mmụta [[Obioma Nnaemeka]] kọwara okwu ahụ bụ "Nego-feminism" n'isiokwu ya Nego-Feminism: Theorizing, Practicing, and Pruning Africa's Way. "Ọ na-ede, "Nego-feminism bụ feminism nke mkparịta ụka; nke abụọ, nego-feminist na-anọchite anya 'enweghị ego' feminism ma bụrụ nke a haziri site na omenala dị mkpa ma gbanwee site na mgbanwe mpaghara na ụwa. " <ref name=":3">{{Cite journal|author=Nnaemeka|first=Obioma|year=2004|title=Nego-Feminism: Theorizing, Practicing, and Pruning Africa's Way|journal=Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society|volume=29|issue=2|pages=357–385|doi=10.1086/378553}}</ref> Ọtụtụ ọdịbendị Afrịka nwere ọdịbendị nke mkparịta ụka na nkwekọrịta mgbe ọ na-abịa na nkwekọ. <ref name=":3" /> Nego-feminizim na-atụ aro na iji nweta nnwere onwe, ụmụ nwanyị Afrịka ga-amụta ịkparịta ụka ma mgbe ụfọdụ ikwe nkwekọrịta. Nnaemeka dere na feminizim Afrịka na-arụ ọrụ site n’ịmara “mgbe, ebe, na otu esi agbawa ma ọ bụ zere mgbawa ọnyà ọchịchị nwoke.” " <ref name=":3" /> Nke a pụtara na nego-feminizim maara otu esi eji omenala mkparịta ụka na nkwekọrịta bibie usoro ọchịchị nwoke maka uru na ọdịmma ụmụ nwanyị. N'akwụkwọ ya, Motherism: The Afrocentric Alternative to Feminism, [[Catherine Obianuju Acholonu]] dere na ihe ọzọ Afrịka na-eme na Western femism bụ Motherism, na Motherism nwere ịbụ nne, okike, na ịzụlite.<ref name=":4"/> Motherism bụ echiche dịgasị iche iche nke na-agụnye "dynamics nke ịhazi, ịhazigharị, ịmepụta ihe owuwu, iwu na iwughachi na imekọ ihe ọnụ na nne okike na ọkwa niile nke mbọ mmadụ. " <ref name=":4" /> Nne bụ onye na-etinye aka na ndụ na nlekọta nke Nne Ụwa na onye na-anabata ọgụ mmadụ. Acholonu na-eme ka o doo anya, agbanyeghị, na onye na-ahụ maka nne nwere ike ịbụ nwanyị ma ọ bụ nwoke. Ịhụnanya nne enweghị ihe mgbochi mmekọahụ n'ihi na isi nke ịbụ nne bụ mmekọrịta, imekọ ihe ọnụ, nnagide, ịhụnanya, nghọta, na ndidi.<ref name=":4" /> Iji mee ka nne na-arụ ọrụ, a ghaghị inwe nkwekọrịta nwoke na nwanyị nke na-eme ka ịdị adị zuru oke nke mmadụ na gburugburu ebe obibi dị mma.<ref name=":4" /><ref name=":4" /> === Ịhụnanya ụmụ nwanyị === The femalist model was developed by [[Chioma Opara]].<ref name=":0"/> Opara describes femalism as "A hue of African feminism, is a softer tone than liberal feminism and highly polarized from radical feminism." <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2019)">citation needed</span>]]''&#x5D;</sup> At its core, femalism is African and it emphasizes the importance of the African woman's body.  === Ụmụ nwanyị na-eche echiche === Snail-sense feminism is a theory proposed by [[Akachi Adimora-Ezeigbo]].<ref name=":0"/> This feminism encourages Nigerian woman to work slowly like a snail's movement in her dealings with men in the "tough and very difficult patriarchal [Nigerian] society they live in." <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2019)">citation needed</span>]]''&#x5D;</sup> Theodora Akachi Ezeigbo na-atụ aro na ụmụnwaanyị “ga-amụta ụzọ isi dịrị ndụ iji nwee ike imeri ihe mgbochi ndị a na-etinye n’ihu ha ma bie ndụ ọma.”."  === Misovirism ụmụ nwanyị === Misovirism bụ echiche nke onye na-eche echiche na Cameroon bụ Werewere Liking chepụtara.<ref name=":5">{{Cite book|author=Zabus|first=Chantal J.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_GPlAgAAQBAJ|title=Out in Africa: Same-sex Desire in Sub-Saharan Literatures & Cultures|date=2013|publisher=Boydell & Brewer Ltd|isbn=978-1-84701-082-7|pages=148|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|author=Sankara|first=Edgard|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OufCx5mYV9kC&q=Misovirism+Werewere+Liking&pg=PT97|title=Postcolonial Francophone Autobiographies: From Africa to the Antilles|date=2011-08-03|publisher=University of Virginia Press|isbn=978-0-8139-3176-0|language=en}}</ref> === Omenala ụmụ nwanyị === Omenala ụmụ nwanyị bụ echiche nke onye edemede Naijiria [[Buchi Emecheta]] chepụtara. Ọ na-akọwa ọdịbendị ụmụ nwanyị dị ka "feminism nwere obere f. "<ref name=":5"/> === Ụmụ nwanyị Siyakaka === FAKA, a black queer femme performance duo si South Africa, emeela ihe ha na-akpọ Siyakaka feminism. Siyakaka femism pụtara n'ụzọ nkịtị "anyị na-eme ka unu niile" ma na-apụta site na ahụmịhe intersectional nke ịbụ onye ojii, onye na-eme ihe ike, nwanyị, nwoke na nwanyị na-ekwekọghị, na ndị ọrụ.<ref name=":12" /> Siyakaka femism na-egosi "abjection na deviance" dị ka nkà ihe ọmụma nke "na-aghọghị mmadụ" <ref name=":12" /> ma bụrụ "onye na-emegide ịkpa ókè agbụrụ, onye na-emegidesi klas, onye na'emegide ndị na-eme enyi nwoke, na onye na-eme ihe na-adịghị mma". <ref name=":12">{{Cite journal|author=Ellapen|first=Jordache A.|date=2021|title=Siyakaka Feminism: African Anality and the Politics of Deviance in FAKA's Performance Art Praxis|url=https://muse.jhu.edu/pub/434/article/829533|journal=Feminist Studies|volume=47|issue=1|pages=114–146|doi=10.1353/fem.2021.0002|issn=2153-3873}}</ref> Siyakaka feminism bụ "ịchụso ime ụwa ojii site na nnwere onwe mmekọahụ".<ref name=":12" /> == Ihe Nlereanya nke African Feminism == === Òtù ụmụ nwanyị Naijiria === Ọ bụ ezie na òtù ụmụ nwanyị dị ịrịba ama ama ama amala na kọntinent Afrịka, [https://web.archive.org/web/20201202103024/https://insight.ng/opinion/feminism-in-nigeria/ Òtù] [[Ụmụ nwanyị na Naịjirịa]] Archived Wayback Machine na-eje ozi dị ka ihe atụ kachasị mma nke ụmụ nwanyị Afrịka. Mgbe nzukọ mba nke afọ 1982 gasịrị, mwepụta nke nzukọ Women in Nigeria (WIN) gosipụtara ụmụ nwanyị n'ụdị ya ugbu a - na-agbanwe agbanwe, nke a haziri ahazi, nwere ebumnuche doro anya na echiche. N'agbanyeghị mmalite siri ike, ọtụtụ ndị ọkà mmụta na-asọpụrụ WIN maka ịrụ ọrụ dị ka ebe ọzụzụ maka mpụta nke ọgụ ụmụ nwanyị a haziri ahazi na Naịjirịa. [[Faịlụ:Art+Feminism_Editathon_2019_held_by_Wikimedia_Nigeria_Foundation_with_CEEHOPE_in_Nigeria_in_the_month_of_March_2019_05.jpg|thumb|300x300px]] N'ime afọ iri mbụ ya, WIN kwadoro mmepe nke ọtụtụ ndị na-akpọ onwe ha ụmụ nwanyị na Naịjirịa taa. WIN nakweere iwu ndị otu na-emeghe nke 'bịaru otu - bịa niile', ebe a nabatara onye ọ bụla, nwoke ma ọ bụ nwanyị, ma ọ bụrụhaala na onye dị otú ahụ nabatara ndokwa nke Iwu WIN.<ref name=":02" /> Atụmatụ WIN nke imeghe òtù ahụ nye onye ọ bụla kwere ka ọtụtụ ndị sonye, ọbụna ndị na-enweghị nghọta gbasara ụkpụrụ bụ isi nke feminisim na ụkpụrụ ikpe ziri ezi n’ihe gbasara okike nwoke na nwanyị.<ref name=":02" /> Kemgbe e hiwere ya, Women in Nigeria na-akwado ọrụ nchọpụta ma na-etinyekwa aka n’ịkwado mgbanwe iwu na mmegharị mmekọrịta ọha nke ebumnuche ha bụ ime ka ọnọdụ mmekọrịta ọha na eze na nke akụ na ụba ndị ọtụtụ ụmụnwaanyị nọ na Naịjíríà na-enwe ka mma. Ọzọkwa, ihe pụrụ iche nke WIN sitere na ịma nke ma ọkwa ma okike n'ihe gbasara ọgụ maka nnwere onwe nke ụmụ nwanyị Naijiria.<ref name=":02" /> Ya mere, WIN ghọtara ahụmịhe ụmụ nwanyị Naijiria dị ka "ihe ize ndụ abụọ," ebe mmegbu na mmegbu nke ụmụ nwanyị mara dị ka ụdị ikpe na-ezighị ezi abụọ, ma dị ka ndị nọ n'okpuru ma dị ka ụmụ nwanyị.<ref name=":02" /> N'ọnwa Jenụwarị afọ 2008, ndị otu ụmụ nwanyị Naijiria meghere nzukọ ụmụ nwanyị Naịjirịa (NFF) - nke guzobere njikọ aka buru ibu ma dị n'otu karịa WIN. Na mbido afọ 2000, e mepụtara NFF mgbe oge nkuchi nke malitere site na mmalite nke African Feminist Forum (AFF) na Accra, Ghana. AFF bipụtara Charter of the Feminist Principles nke na-arụ ọrụ dịka nduzi bara uru nye ndị feminis Afrịka, nke na-akọwa nke ọma otú ndị feminis Afrịka si akọwa onwe ha. Ọ na-enye nghọta banyere feminisim na ọchịchị nnaochie, ma na-akwalite njirimara, ụkpụrụ omume, na ezi ọmụma gbasara nduzi feminis n’ofe kọntinent Afrịka. Mgbe ha nwechara nnukwu ihe ịga nke ọma n’ogo ala (grassroots), NFF gbasaa nke ọma ma dochie Women in Nigeria (WIN) dị ka òtù feminis gọọmentị na Naịjírịà. Ọzọkwa, mmegharị feminis ọhụrụ ndị a na Naịjírịà sonyekwara na mmegharị feminis kọntinent Afrịka (Pan-African), ebe e kpọkọtara ọtụtụ puku ndị na-eme ihe feminis si n’ofe mpaghara ahụ iji lụọ ọgụ isi megide ka ọgụ. [[Faịlụ:Wangari_Maathai_in_2001.jpg|thumb|Wangari Maathai na 2001.]] === HụÒtù ụmụ nwanyị nke Kenya === Ahụmahụ ụmụ nwanyị na Kenya abụghị otu, mana ọ dịgasị iche iche. Otu ụkpụrụ ahụ na-emetụta ụmụ nwanyị Kenya. Ya mere, ngalaba a adịghị adị iji gosipụta na òtù ụmụ nwanyị niile nke Kenya bụ otu. Kama nke ahụ, ọ na-enye usoro nche anwụ iji hazie ozi gbasara òtù ụmụ nwanyị dị iche iche nke Kenya. Lee Women in Kenya maka akụkọ ihe mere eme. ==== Green Belt Movement ==== Na Kenya, Green Belt Movement abụwo òtù a ma ama na-ahụ maka ụmụ nwanyị kemgbe 1977, mgbe onye na-eme ihe ike Wangari Maathai guzobere ya.<ref name=":6">{{Cite journal|author=Lappé|first=Anna|date=2004|title=The Genius of Wangari Maathai|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/45034260|journal=Alternatives Journal|volume=30|issue=5|pages=30–31|issn=1205-7398}}</ref> Mgbanwe a na-elekwasị anya n'ịkụ osisi na ichebe gburugburu ebe obibi ma na-enyekwa ụmụ nwanyị Kenya ike. Green Belt Movement pụtara n'ihi na ụmụ nwanyị nọ n'ime ime obodo Kenya so na ndị mbụ nwere mmetụta ọjọọ nke Mgbanwe ihu igwe.<ref name=":7">{{Cite journal|author=Steady|first=Filomina Chioma|date=2014|title=Women, Climate Change and Liberation in Africa|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/43496976|journal=Race, Gender & Class|volume=21|issue=1/2|pages=312–333|issn=1082-8354}}</ref> Òtù ahụ kwenyere na ọdịmma nke ụmụ nwanyị na Kenya na mba ndị yiri ya n'Africa ga-enwerịrị njikọ na nchekwa gburugburu ebe obibi. N'ikwu ya n'ụzọ ọzọ, enweghị ike inwe ikpe ziri ezi nwoke na nwanyị maka ọtụtụ ụmụ nwanyị Afrịka na-enweghị ikpe ziri ezi ihu igwe.<ref name=":7" /> Ka ọ na-erule afọ 2000, òtù a agbasawo ọrụ ya iji tinye ọrụ Pro-democracy.<ref name=":6" /> ==== Òtù Ndị Nwanyị Digital ==== Kemgbe ịrị elu zuru ụwa ọnụ nke mgbasa ozi mmekọrịta, ndị inyom Kenya agbanweela usoro ha iji nweta uru nke usoro ọhụrụ dị ike.<ref name=":8">{{Cite journal|author=Nyabola|first=Nanjala|date=2018|title=Kenyan Feminisms in the Digital Age|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/26511346|journal=Women's Studies Quarterly|volume=46|issue=3 & 4|pages=261–272|issn=0732-1562}}</ref> Otu ihe atụ a ma ama nke omume a bụ mkpọsa a haziri iji meghachi omume na ime ihe ike mmekọahụ megide ụmụ nwanyị Kenya. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, òtù #JusticeForLiz pụtara na 2013 mgbe e dinara nwa agbọghọ dị afọ iri na isii aha ya bụ Liz ka ọ na-esi n'ebe olili ozu nna ya nọ na Butula County, Kenya.<ref name=":8" /> Kama ịnagide ezigbo nsonaazụ iwu, a mara ndị a na-enyo enyo na ha rụrụ ọrụ aka dị nro n'ụlọ ọrụ ndị uwe ojii dị n'ógbè ahụ. Enweghị ikpe ziri ezi a n'ihi mwakpo jọgburu onwe ya kpaliri ngagharị iwe na Nairobi. Iwe gbasaa n'ịntanetị site na #JusticeForLiz. Obodo ikpe ziri ezi ụmụ nwanyị yiri nke ahụ pụtara n'ịntanetị n'ihi omume ime ihe ike abụọ ọzọ megide ụmụ agbọghọ Kenya: #JusticeForKhadija na #JusticesForFatuma . <ref name=":8" /> N'ime ọha mmadụ nke na-ewepụ ihe gbasara ikike ụmụ nwanyị n'ụdị mgbasa ozi ọdịnala, mgbasa ozi mmekọrịta enyewo ikpo okwu maka akụkọ na olu ụmụ nwanyị. Ndị na-ahụ maka ụmụ nwanyị na Kenya weghachiri mgbasa ozi mmekọrịta na ntuli aka nke afọ 2017. <ref name=":8"/> N'oge a, ha gbakọtara gburugburu mkpọsa #WeAre52, nke kwadoro iwu na-enye iwu na ọ dịghị òtù na-achị achị nke nwere ihe karịrị ụzọ abụọ n'ụzọ atọ nke otu nwoke na nwanyị.<ref name=":8" /> Site na mgbasa ozi mmekọrịta, ndị inyom Kenya na-agafe usoro mgbasa ozi ọdịnala wee sonye na mkparịta ụka ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, oghere nke a na-ewepụ ụmụ nwanyị Kenya n'akụkọ ihe mere eme. ==== Mmegide Ndị Iche ==== Na Kenya, a na-enwekarị mmegide na-ezute ụmụ nwanyị ma na oghere anụ ahụ ma na dijitalụ. Ndị na-ahụ maka ihe ndị ruuru ụmụ nwanyị na Kenya na-abụkarị ndị a na-eyi egwu ime ihe ike na okwu ịkpọasị.<ref name=":8"/> === Òtù Ndị Nwanyị nke South Africa === [[Faịlụ:South_Africa-Regions_map.svg|thumb|Map nke South Africa na mpaghara ya.]] Isi peeji na: Feminism na South Africa. ==== Arụmụka Ọdịiche ==== Na South Africa, ụmụ nwanyị na-emetụta nsogbu Agbụrụ mgbe niile. A nyochala omume a ma kpọọ uche na "arụmụka ọdịiche," nke na-ezo aka na mmekọrịta dị n'etiti ndị isi ojii na ndị ọcha.<ref name=":42">{{Cite journal|author=Rey|first=Cheryl de la|date=1997|title=Introduction: South African Feminism, Race and Racism|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/4066146|journal=Agenda: Empowering Women for Gender Equity|issue=32|pages=6–10|doi=10.2307/4066146|issn=1013-0950}}</ref> N'akụkọ ihe mere eme, olu ụmụ nwanyị ọcha achịla okwu ụmụ nwanyị South Africa, na-ewepụ olu ndị isi ojii. A chọpụtara nke a karịsịa dị ka nchegbu site n'aka ndị inyom ojii na-abịa na Women and Gender in Southern Africa Conference nke e mere na Jenụwarị 1991.<ref name=":42" /> Arụmụka dị iche iche mebiri echiche ụmụ nwanyị ọcha nke na-achịkwa afọ ndị 1990: enweghị ịkpa ókè agbụrụ, nke na-eleghara ọrụ agbụrụ anya. Usoro a na-ekwu na ebe ọ bụ na ụmụ nwoke na ụmụ nwanyị nwere ahụmịhe dị iche iche, okike, ọ bụghị agbụrụ, ga-abụrịrị ụdị nke na-ahazi ọha mmadụ na ime ihe. Arụmụka dị iche iche mere ka ajụjụ ndị a lekwasị anya na ọ bụghị naanị agbụrụ, kamakwa ọkwá mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya, agbụrụ, na mmasị mmekọahụ. Usoro arụmụka dị iche iche na-ekweta na ụmụ nwanyị South Africa "na-ahazi n'otu oge, agbụrụ, na okike". <ref name=":42" /> Taa, a na-akpọkarị echiche a n'ọnọdụ mba ụwa dị ka ihe nlereanya mmegbu atọ. N'ime afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya, usoro echiche post-structuralist na-achịkwa okwu ụmụ nwanyị nke South Africa, na-ahapụ ohere maka ọtụtụ njirimara njirimara na njirimara. Ọbụna, ụmụ nwanyị South Africa na-aga n'ihu na-ahụ ma na-alụso ịkpa ókè agbụrụ ọgụ.<ref name=":42" /> [[Faịlụ:Alice_Mogwe_2010-1.jpg|thumb|[Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji]]] === Òtù Ụmụ nwanyị nke Botswana === [[Botswana]] na-enye ikpe ọzọ nke ọdịda anyanwụ ụmụ nwanyị na-adịghị n'ime ọnọdụ Afrịka. Banyere omume nke ọdịda anyanwụ ụmụ nwanyị iji mee ka ahụmịhe ụmụ nwanyị niile bụrụ ihe zuru ụwa ọnụ, onye ọkà mmụta na-eme ihe ike na Botswana bụ [[Alice Mogwe]] dere, sị: "Nwanne nwanyị nwere ike ịbụ ụwa niile n'akụkụ ụfọdụ, mana ọ bụ naanị ma ọ bụrụ na a kwenyere na ọdịiche dị mkpa maka ahụmịhe ndị inyom. " <ref name=":52">{{Cite journal|author=Mogwe|first=Alice|date=1994|title=Human Rights in Botswana: Feminism, Oppression, and "Integration"|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/40644801|journal=Alternatives: Global, Local, Political|volume=19|issue=2|pages=189–193|doi=10.1177/030437549401900207|issn=0304-3754}}</ref> Mogwe na-ekwu na ụdị mmepe akụ na ụba nke na-adabere na onyinye, nke na-achịkwa Botswana na ọtụtụ mba Global South, na-akpagbu ụmụnwaanyị. N’ime ụdị ọha mmadụ dị otú ahụ, ọ bụ naanị ọrụ a na-akwụ ụgwọ ka a na-ewere dị ka ihe dị mkpa, ebe nrigbu mmadụ bụ ihe a na-ahụkarị. Omume ndị a, n’agbanyeghị na ha na-emetụta ụmụnwaanyị Botswana nke ukwuu, na-emerụkwa ndị Black na ndị Indigenous n’ụdị nwoke na nwanyị niile. Dị ka ihe mgbochi, atụmatụ feminisim Botswana kwesịrị ibute ikike mmadụ n’ozuzu ya ụzọ, ọ bụghị naanị ịha nhatanha nwoke na nwanyị. Maka Bience Gawanas Mogwe, ọ dị ezigbo mkpa ka a tụlee echiche ụmụ amaala na akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ọchịchị ndị mba ọzọ n’ime feminisim Botswana.<ref name=":52" /> Site na imezu ebumnuche ndị a, echiche ụmụ nwanyị nke Botswana nwere ike ịga nke ọma ebe ụmụ nwanyị nke ọdịda anyanwụ na-ada mgbe niile. === Òtù Ndị Nwanyị nke Rwanda === [[Faịlụ:Flag_of_Rwanda.svg|thumb|Flag nke Rwanda.]] ==== Nchịkọta ==== Akụkọ ihe mere eme nke [[Rwanda]] gụnyere nkewa agbụrụ, mgbukpọ agbụrụ, na ọchịchị nna ochie. Ụmụ nwanyị nke Rwanda emeriwo nke ọ bụla n'ime ihe mgbochi ndị a ịghọ òtù mba dị ike. Ụmụ nwanyị nke Rwanda na-eche ihe ịma aka dị irè ihu: otu esi ejikọta mbọ nke obere akụkụ nke ndị isi na-ewere onwe ha dị ka ndị na-ahụ maka ụmụ nwanyị na ọtụtụ n'ime ndị isi na ụmụ nwanyị na-abụghị ndị isi. <ref name=":62">{{Cite journal|author=Parmar|first=Shubhra|date=2013|title=Feminist Awakening in Rwanda|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/24701165|journal=The Indian Journal of Political Science|volume=74|issue=4|pages=687–698|issn=0019-5510}}</ref> Ọzọkwa, e nwere okwu nke ime udo n'etiti ụmụ nwanyị Hutu na Tutsi mgbe akụkọ ihe mere eme jupụtara na ime ihe ike gasịrị. N'ihi Mgbukpọ agbụrụ nke Rwanda, ụmụ nwanyị haziri iji nye ọrụ ga-enyere ụmụ nwanyị ndị ọzọ nke Rwanda aka, gụnyere ndị otu aka inyere ndị lanarịrị ime ihe ike mmekọahụ, ndị gbara ọsọ ndụ, ụmụ mgbei, na ndị inyom di ha nwụrụ aka. Ụmụ nwanyị ndị a chọrọ inye ụmụ nwanyị ike na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na akụ na ụba ka ha na-eweghachi mba ahụ. Otu n'ime nzukọ ndị inyom Rwanda bụ Pro-Femmes Twese Hamwe (Pro-Women All Together), nke nwere ìgwè ụmụ nwanyị iri atọ na ise.<ref name=":62" /> N'ozuzu, ụmụ nwanyị Rwanda na-abụkarị ihe na-eme. Ụmụ nwanyị nke Rwanda na-ele ike anya n'okwu ndị dị n'etiti; dị ka a na-ekwurịta okwu mgbe niile ma na-ekwekọrịta ọzọ.<ref name=":62" /> Echiche na òtù dị iche iche nke ụmụ nwanyị Rwanda na-ebute nkwekọrịta, ịkekọrịta ike, na njikọta ụzọ.<ref name=":62" /> Ụmụ nwanyị na-arụ ọrụ dị mkpa n'akụkụ niile nke ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, akụ na ụba, na ndụ ọha na eze na Rwanda. ==== Ọganihu nke Atọ nke Ụmụ nwanyị na Rwanda ==== Na ngwụcha afọ 1990, ọtụtụ ụmụ nwanyị Rwanda malitere ịnabata [[Third-wave feminism|Ugboro nke atọ nke ụmụ nwanyị]]. Echiche ụmụ nwanyị a na-ebute njirimara na ọdịiche ụzọ, na-ekwusi ike na ọdịiche na mgbanwe.<ref name=":62"/> Na Rwanda, a na-ejikọta usoro nke atọ nke ụmụ nwanyị na mbọ ndị di ha nwụrụ na ndị lanarịrị ime ihe ike mmekọahụ nke mere n'oge Mgbukpọ agbụrụ nke Rwanda. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, Avega Agahozo bụ otu nnukwu nzukọ ụmụ nwanyị raara onwe ya nye inyere ndị lanarịrị aka.<ref name=":62" /> ==== Ọdịiche Feminism na Rwanda ==== Ọtụtụ ụmụ nwanyị na-arụ ọrụ maka udo na ọgwụgwọ na Rwanda anabatala ihe ụfọdụ dị iche iche nke ụmụ nwanyị. [[Difference feminism|ọdịiche ụmụ nwanyị]] na-ekweta na enwere ọdịiche dị n'etiti ụmụ nwoke na ụmụ nwanyị, mana ọ na-ekwusi ike na nha nhata nke ụmụ nwoke na nwanyị.<ref name=":62"/> Dị ka usoro echiche feminisim nke “Difference feminism na-anabata na e nwere ọdịiche dị n’ụzọ ịbụ (ontological) n’etiti ụmụ nwoke na ụmụnwaanyị, ma ọ na-emesi ike na nwoke na nwanyị hà nhata. == Ndị inyom a ma ama n'Afrịka == Ndị inyom Afrịka a ma ama gụnyere [[Funmilayo Ransome-Kuti|Frances Abigail Olufunmilayo Ransome-Kuti]], Lady Kofoworola Aina Ademola, [[Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie]], [[Mona Eltahawy]], Nawal El Saadawi, Maria Sarungi, Fatma Karume, [[Meaza Ashenafi]], Zara Kay, [[Stella Nyanzi]], Pumla Dineo Gqola, Esther Kimani, Modupe Mary Kolawole, Oonkeyer Oyew Nkumi, Uiru Nzwachiaegwu, Ifi Amadiume, Chinyerepokolo, Molara Odipe-Lesle, Aweolan. == Hụkwa == * Ụmụ nwanyị n'ime nnwere onwe nke Africa * Ịbụ onye inyom na Senegal == Ihe odide == {{Reflist|30em}} [[Otú:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 8z0wzchi6vemenz36j263brltv7tkdg 0 76007 644440 639054 2026-05-31T00:45:42Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 644440 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="infobox ib-settlement vcard" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-above" |<div class="fn org">Abazu</div> |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" |<div class="category">Obodo Na-achị Onwe Ya</div> |- class="mergedtoprow" | colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" |Aha njirimara: <div class="ib-settlement-nickname nickname">Mpako nke Ikeduru</div>  |- class="mergedtoprow" | colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" |<templatestyles src="Module:Location map/styles.css"></templatestyles><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px">[[Faịlụ:Nigeria_location_map.svg|class=notpageimage noviewer|250x250px|Abazu is located in Nigeria]]<div class="od notheme" style="top:84.411%;left:39.189%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px">[[Faịlụ:Red_pog.svg|link=|class=notpageimage noviewer|6x6px|Abazu]]</div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>Abazu</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em"></div></div></div></div> |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" |Nhazi: 5°33′32.12′′N 7°5′40.53′′E / 5.5589222°N 7.0945917°E / 5. 5589222; 7.0945717<indicator name="coordinates"><span id="coordinates">[[Geographic coordinate system|Coordinates]]: <templatestyles src="Module:Coordinates/styles.css"></templatestyles><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion">[https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Abazu-Akabo&params=5_33_32.12_N_7_5_40.53_E_type:city_region:NG-IM <span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">5°33′32.12″N</span> <span class="longitude">7°5′40.53″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct">&#xfeff; / &#xfeff;</span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">5.5589222°N 7.0945917°E</span><span style="display:none">&#xfeff; / <span class="geo">5.5589222; 7.0945917</span></span></span>]</span>[[Category:Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas]]</span></indicator> |- class="mergedtoprow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Mba | class="infobox-data" |<span class="flagicon nowrap">[[Faịlụ:Flag_of_Nigeria.svg|link=|alt=|border|23x23px]] </span>[[Naijiria|Naịjirịa]] |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |[[Ora no na ime Naijiria|Ọnọdụ]] | class="infobox-data" |[[Ọ̀hà Ímò|Steeti Imo]] |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Usoro ego na ego | class="infobox-data" |Naira - NGN |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |asụsụ | class="infobox-data" |[[Asụ̀sụ̀ Ìgbò|Asụsụ Igbo]] |- class="mergedtoprow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Isi ụlọ ọrụ / Obodo Obodo | class="infobox-data" |Amaudara |- class="mergedtoprow" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" |Gọọmentị<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div> |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |• Eze&nbsp;&nbsp; | class="infobox-data" |Oliver Njoku (Abazuma nke Abụọ) |- class="mergedtoprow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |[[Time zone|Oge]] | class="infobox-data" |UTC+1 (WAT) |- class="mergedtoprow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Postcode | class="infobox-data adr" |<div class="postal-code">461102</div> |- class="mergedtoprow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ | class="infobox-data" |https://web.archive.org/web/20131019123116/http://abazuikeduru.brinkster.net/ |} '''Abazu''' ''{{Audio|Ig-Abazu-Akabo.ogg|(Mkpọpụta)}}'' bụ obodo nwere onwe ya na Mpaghara Ọchịchị Ikeduru nke Steeti Imo, Naịjirịa. Ọ nwere obodo atọ bụ isi na ọtụtụ ezinụlọ na ebo dị iche iche. Obodo ndị mejupụtara Abazu bụ Umunnemoche, Ebem na Azu, na Ekpere na Oroka. Obodo Village nke Abazu dị na Amaudara. == Ebe na Ọdịdị Ala == Abazu bụ obodo nwere onwe ya na ndịda ọwụwa anyanwụ Naịjirịa. Abazu dị n'okporo ụzọ awara awara Owerri - Okigwe. O nwere latitude nke 5.558922 na longitude nke 7.094592. O nwere ókèala ya na Akabo, Uzoagba, na Amatta. == Edensibia == <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ikeduru.gov.ng/|title=Home|work=ikeduru.gov.ng|accessdate=2026-05-26|archivedate=2025-02-19|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20250219123844/http://www.ikeduru.gov.ng/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://abazuikeduru.brinkster.net/|title=Abazu. Homepage|accessdate=2013-10-11|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131019123116/http://abazuikeduru.brinkster.net/|archivedate=2013-10-19}}</ref>{{Reflist}} [[Otú:Articles with short description]] pk9qbt4gr2l9199ocvdptg6cxp4tnoq 10 76106 644533 643929 2011-05-26T16:20:40Z en>Unknown user 0 642873 wikitext text/x-wiki phoiac9h4m842xq45sp7s6u21eteeq1 644534 643930 2026-05-31T06:24:10Z King ChristLike 13051 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Category_see_also]] 642917 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{#invoke:Category see also|main}}{{Category see also/Category pair check|{{{1|}}}}}</includeonly><noinclude> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> 2fhno4da2131p25wgalditkdt9k52zs 10 76112 644535 643931 2023-05-30T02:12:31Z 107.123.37.44 643508 wikitext text/x-wiki phoiac9h4m842xq45sp7s6u21eteeq1 644536 643932 2026-05-31T06:24:18Z King ChristLike 13051 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:POV/doc]] 643533 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- EDIT TEMPLATE DOCUMENTATION BELOW THIS LINE --> {{High-use}} {{Template_notes |Use this template when you have identified a serious issue regarding [[WP:Neutral point of view]]. |[[Wikipedia:Tagging pages for problems#Constructive tagging|Drive-by tagging]] is strongly discouraged. The editor who adds the tag should discuss concerns on the talk page, pointing to specific issues that are actionable within the content policies. In the absence of such a discussion, or where it remains unclear what the [[WP:NPOV|NPOV]] violation is, the tag may be removed by any editor. |The purpose of this group of templates is to attract editors with different viewpoints to edit articles that need additional insight. This template should not be used as a [[badge of shame]]. Do not use this template to [[Wikipedia:No disclaimers in articles|"warn" readers about the article]]. |This template should only be applied to articles that are reasonably believed to lack a neutral point of view. 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Follow this up with an explanation on the talk page.", "format": "inline", "params": { "date": { "label": "Month and year", "description": "The month and year that the template was placed (in full). \"{{subst:CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{subst:CURRENTYEAR}}\" inserts the current month and year automatically.", "type": "line", "autovalue": "{{subst:CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{subst:CURRENTYEAR}}", "example": "January 2013", "suggested": true }, "talk": { "label": "Talk page section", "description": "Section name on the talk page for further discussion", "type": "line" }, "lead": { "label": "Lead", "description": "Any value will change the text to indicate that the issue is with the article's introduction.", "type": "boolean", "autovalue": "yes" }, "what": { "label": "Affected area", "description": "Text to replace the word \"article\", usually \"section\". 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For issues relating to article balance due to insufficient coverage of the subject rather than editorial bias, use {{Tl|Cleanup weighted}}. {{Dispute templates}} <includeonly>{{Sandbox other|| <!-- ADD CATEGORIES BELOW THIS LINE; INTERWIKIS GO TO WIKIDATA, THANK YOU! --> [[Category:Neutrality templates|{{PAGENAME}}]] }}</includeonly> 8pcvh8yq4qb9otswc3wpdt3ywcxkllo 0 76116 644058 2026-05-30T14:45:56Z NiferO 20385 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1259435208|Jacques Morel (writer)]]" 644058 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jacques Morel''' (French pronunciation: [ʒak mɔʁɛl]) bụ onye edemede French, laureate nke Prix Femina na 1912. Morel bụ pseudonym nke Madeleine Pottier, amụrụ Madeleine Paule Gorges, nwunye onye ọkà mmụta ihe ochie Edmond Pottier (1855-1934). A mụrụ Pottier na 11 n'ọnwa Machị afọ 1867, ma nwụọ n'ebe ahụ na 10 n'ọnwa Disemba afọ 1949. == Ọrụ == * 1901: Nkwupụta na-adịghị ekwu okwu, Hachette * 1905: Ụgwọ, Calmann-Lévy * 1912: Akwụkwọ nwụrụ anwụ, Hachette, Prix Femina. * 1927: ''Site n'ụzọ gbagọrọ agbagọ'', Armand Colin - Prix d'Académie * 1930: Nwoke Dị Iche, Fayard == Edensibia == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}}{{Authority control}}{{Prix Femina}} j2zptkq6r95qc59nk7o5qho20fx80q8 0 76117 644059 2026-05-30T14:56:19Z Ngozi scholar Okafor 19819 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1356614588|Conservative variants of feminism]]" 644059 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"></templatestyles><templatestyles src="Hlist/styles.css" /><templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"></templatestyles><templatestyles src="Hlist/styles.css" /><templatestyles src="Hlist/styles.css" /><templatestyles src="Hlist/styles.css" /><templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"></templatestyles><templatestyles src="Hlist/styles.css" /><templatestyles src="Hlist/styles.css" /><templatestyles src="Hlist/styles.css" /><templatestyles src="Hlist/styles.css" /><templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"></templatestyles><templatestyles src="Hlist/styles.css" /><templatestyles src="Hlist/styles.css" /><templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"></templatestyles><templatestyles src="Hlist/styles.css" /><templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"></templatestyles><templatestyles src="Hlist/styles.css" /><templatestyles src="Hlist/styles.css" /><templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"></templatestyles><templatestyles src="Hlist/styles.css" /><templatestyles src="Hlist/styles.css" /><templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"></templatestyles><templatestyles src="Hlist/styles.css" /><templatestyles src="Hlist/styles.css" /><templatestyles src="Hlist/styles.css" /><templatestyles src="Hlist/styles.css" /><templatestyles src="Hlist/styles.css" /><templatestyles src="Hlist/styles.css" /><templatestyles src="Hlist/styles.css" /><templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"></templatestyles><templatestyles src="Hlist/styles.css" /><templatestyles src="Hlist/styles.css" /><templatestyles src="Hlist/styles.css" /><templatestyles src="Hlist/styles.css" /><templatestyles src="Hlist/styles.css" /><templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"></templatestyles><templatestyles src="Hlist/styles.css" /><templatestyles src="Hlist/styles.css" /><templatestyles src="Hlist/styles.css" /><templatestyles src="Hlist/styles.css" /><templatestyles src="Hlist/styles.css" />6<templatestyles src="Conservatism sidebar/styles.css"></templatestyles>  A na-ewere ụdị ụfọdụ nke ụmụ nwanyị dị ka ndị na-agbaso omenala karịa ndị ọzọ. <ref name="KatherineKersten-WhatWant">{{Cite journal|title=What do women want? A conservative feminist manifesto|author=Kersten|first=Katherine|authorlink=Katherine Kersten|journal=[[Policy Review]]|issue=56|pages=4–15|date=Spring 1991}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|title=Right to be feminist: a left-wing litmus test risks losing valuable allies for the women's movement|author=Young|first=Cathy|publisher=The Boston Globe|quote=Yet the audience for a different kind of feminism&nbsp;– one that seeks individualistic and market-oriented solutions, rather than big-government-driven ones, and focuses on women's empowerment rather than oppression&nbsp;– is clearly there. The women who embrace it are likely to transform both feminism and conservatism. The feminist movement ignores them at its peril.|url=http://archive.boston.com/bostonglobe/editorial_opinion/oped/articles/2010/06/09/right_to_be_feminist/|date=9 June 2010|accessdate=20 February 2011}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Conservative feminism: oxymoron?|author=Bradley|first=Allan|quote=Internal contradictions aside, conservative feminism is not particularly new, and it is a mistake to call it an oxymoron. It is deeply religious, of course, and it views the anti-abortion fight as one of female empowerment. The argument is simply that as women&nbsp;– as the motherly and feminine forces guiding our nation's ethical compass&nbsp;– it is a feminine duty to defend life at its earliest stages. Women are empowered by the defense itself. This cultural theory may be out of date in Cambridge, Massachusetts, but it is at the heart of Palin's sizeable and passionate following. And it is, in its own way, a feminist argument.<br />...<br />My point is that the logic of conservative feminism is plain and obvious for anyone who cares to try to comprehend. It's not new or complicated, and it shouldn't be baffling. Therefore, it is a colossal mistake for Bennett to simply dismiss the self-described pro-life feminists as an oxymoron, because that's no way for her to argue her liberal position. Conservative feminism cannot be dismissively defined away.|url=http://harvardpolitics.com/online/hprgument-blog/conservative-feminism-oxymoron/|date=27 June 2010|accessdate=20 February 2011|archivedate=14 November 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131114173537/http://harvardpolitics.com/online/hprgument-blog/conservative-feminism-oxymoron/}}</ref> N'akụkọ ihe mere eme, Ndị ọkà mmụta ụmụ nwanyị anaghị enwe mmasị dị ukwuu na ụmụ nwanyị na-agbaso omenala. N'ịbata na narị afọ nke iri abụọ na otu, e nweela mgbalị ndị ọkà mmụta mere iji nyochaa ụmụ nwanyị ndị a na echiche ha nke ọma ma n'ụzọ sara mbara.. == Ndepụta == ; Ihe odide '''N’ihi na ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ụdị ọbụla nke feminizim nwere ike ịnwe akụkụ na-akwado ọdịnala ma ọ bụ mgbanwe pere mpe, ndepụta a anaghị agba mbọ ịkọwa ụdị feminizim niile nwere naanị akụkụ ndị ahụ. Kama nke ahụ, ndepụta a na-elekwasị anya n’ụdị feminizim ndị bụ isi ha bụ echiche na-akwado ọdịnala. O nwekwara ike ịgụnye ụfọdụ òtù ma ọ bụ ndị mmadụ ebe ụdị feminizim ndị a na-akwado ọdịnala pụtara ìhè ma dị mfe ịmata, mana n’ozuzu ya, ọ bụ ndepụta nke ụdị feminizim n’onwe ha. N’ozuzu, ekwesịghị itinye òtù ma ọ bụ ndị mmadụ metụtara otu ụdị feminizim kpọmkwem n’ime ndepụta a; kama, a ga-achọta ha site n’ịgbaso njikọ gaa n’isiokwu ndị na-akọwa ụdị feminizim ndị ahụ nke òtù ma ọ bụ ndị mmadụ ahụ na-esonye na ya.''' * Conservative femism (na mgbakwunye na ụdị dị iche iche nke femism na ndepụta a bụ ndị na-agbaso omenala): Katherine Kersten na-ekwu na "n'ọtụtụ mgbalị ha, ụmụ nwanyị na-aga n'ihu na-eche ihe mgbochi ka ukwuu maka ihe ịga nke ọma ha karịa ụmụ nwoke", [1] si otú a na-ekweta na ịkpa ókè nwoke na nwanyị dị, ọ naghị ajụ ụmụ nwanyị kpamkpam kama ọ na-adabere na omenala ụmụ nwanyị oge ochie, dịka Margaret Fuller.[8][9] Kersten na-akwado nkwado maka ụmụ nwanyị na-agbaso omenala dabere na nha nhata na ikpe ziri ezi akọwapụtara maka ụmụ nwanyị ma ụmụ nwoke na nkwenye nke ikpe na-ezighị ezi nke akụkọ ihe mere eme na nke ugbu a nke ụmụ nwanyị tara ahụhụ.[10] Ọ na-akwadokwa iwulite na echiche na ụlọ ọrụ ndị dị n'Ebe Ọdịda Anyanwụ, na mgbanwe a na-eji nwayọọ nwayọọ na nlezianya na-agbaso ma na-anabata na ọdịda mmadụ pụtara na izu oke enweghị ike iru.[10] Nchegbu ya gụnyere mpụ na ime ihe ike megide ụmụ nwanyị, mmebi nke mgbasa ozi ọdịbendị nke ụmụ nwanyị, mmekọahụ na-abụghị nke ikwekọrịta, na ụmụ nwanyị ịda ogbenye, mana na-emegide omume ziri ezi na ikpe ikpe ikpe nke òtù.[10][11] Sarah Palin "mere ihe gbasara ụmụ nwanyị na-agbaso omenala" na 2010, na nzukọ nke Susan B. Anthony List.[12] Richard A. Posner "na-atụ aro" "'conservative femism' .... bụ ... echiche ahụ na ụmụ nwanyị nwere ikike ịha nhata ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, iwu, mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya, na akụ na ụba na ụmụ nwoke, n'ime usoro nke akụ na ụba ahịa a na-achịkwa nke ọma. " Posner na-ekwu maka ịkwụ ụtụ isi maka ndị inyom na-arụ ọrụ n'ụlọ na-akwụghị ụgwọ iji belata ihe mgbochi maka ọrụ a kwụrụ ụgwọ n'èzí, nke D. Kelly Weisberg gbanyere mkpọrọgwụ na arụmụka Marxist maka ịrụpụta ihe maka ọrụ ụlọ, [2][s][3] '''['''5] '''ma na-arụkwa ụka na a ga-atụle mmekọahụ (nwoke ma ọ bụ nwanyị) dịka otu ihe a ga-eji kpebie ụgwọ ọrụ na uru ndị ọzọ, dabere n'ogo mmepụta ọrụ, ụgwọ ahụike metụtara ime ime, nchekwa n'ebe ọrụ, na ogologo ndụ a na-atụ anya ya n'ịkwụ ụgwọ ezumike nka (pension).''' [16] Posner na-emegide uru yiri nke ahụ n'etiti ndị were mmadụ n'ọrụ, megide ịgba alụkwaghịm na-enweghị mmejọ, na-akwado ịbụ nne na-anọchi anya site na nkwekọrịta nkwekọrịta, megide ndina n'ike ọbụna n'ụdị mmekọahụ na-abụghị nke ime ihe ike, [4] na maka ohere na ihe na-akpali agụụ mmekọahụ nwere ike ịkpali ndina n'ime ma ọ bụ dochie ya.[17][18][19][21] Posner anaghị arụ ụka maka ma ọ bụ megide ikike ite ime, na-arụ ụka kama maka ohere ma ọ bụghị ihe doro anya na nwa e bu n'afọ bụ "onye otu ọha mmadụ"; nke a bụ n'ihi na ọ na-ekwu na nnwere onwe na akụ na ụba anaghị ekwu otu ụzọ ma ọ bụ nke ọzọ.[22][5] [a] Posner na-ekwu na ọdịiche dị n'etiti ụmụ nwoke na ụmụ nwanyị na nkezi na-agụnye obere ime ihe ike nke ụmụ nwanyị na oke nlekota anya, ma nwee "enweghị esemokwu" na iwu na-enwe ọmịiko na "òtù niile dịpụrụ adịpụ".[24][25] ** Katherine Kersten na-ekwu na "n'ọtụtụ mgbalị ha, ụmụ nwanyị na-aga n'ihu na-eche ihe mgbochi ka ukwuu maka ihe ịga nke ọma ha karịa ụmụ nwoke", si otú a na-ekweta na [[Ịkpa oke nwoke na nwanyị|ịkpa ókè nwoke na nwanyị]] dị, ma ọ dịghị ajụ ụmụ nwanyị kpamkpam kama ọ na-adabere na ọdịnala ụmụ nwanyị oge ochie, dịka ọmụmaatụ Margaret Fuller. [8][9] Kersten na-akwado nkwado maka ụmụ nwanyị na-agbaso omenala dabere na nha nhata na ikpe ziri ezi akọwapụtara maka ụmụ nwanyị ma ụmụ nwoke na nkwenye nke ikpe na-ezighị ezi nke akụkọ ihe mere eme na nke ugbu a nke ụmụ nwanyị tara ahụhụ.[10] Ọ na-akwadokwa iwulite na echiche na ụlọ ọrụ ndị dị n'Ebe Ọdịda Anyanwụ, na mgbanwe a na-eji nwayọọ nwayọọ na nlezianya na-agbaso ma na-anabata na ọdịda mmadụ pụtara na izu oke enweghị ike iru.[10] Nchegbu ya gụnyere mpụ na ime ihe ike megide ụmụ nwanyị, mmebi nke mgbasa ozi ọdịbendị nke ụmụ nwanyị, mmekọahụ na-abụghị nke ikwekọrịta, na ụmụ nwanyị ịda ogbenye, mana na-emegide omume ziri ezi na ikpe ikpe ikpe nke òtù.[10][11] ** Sarah Palin "mere ihe gbasara ụmụ nwanyị na-agbaso omenala" na 2010, na nzukọ nke Susan B. Anthony List.[12] ** Richard A. Posner "na-atụ aro" "'conservative femism' .... bụ ... echiche ahụ na ụmụ nwanyị nwere ikike ịha nhata ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, iwu, mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya, na akụ na ụba na ụmụ nwoke, n'ime usoro nke akụ na ụba ahịa a na-achịkwa nke ọma. " Posner na-ekwu maka ịkwụ ụtụ isi maka ndị inyom na-arụ ọrụ n'ụlọ na-akwụghị ụgwọ iji belata ihe mgbochi maka ọrụ a kwụrụ ụgwọ n'èzí, nke D. Kelly Weisberg gbanyere mkpọrọgwụ na arụmụka Marxist maka ịrụpụta ihe maka ọrụ ụlọ, [s][15][16] Posner na-emegide uru yiri nke ahụ n'etiti ndị were mmadụ n'ọrụ, megide ịgba alụkwaghịm na-enweghị mmejọ, na-akwado ịbụ nne na-anọchi anya site na nkwekọrịta nkwekọrịta, megide ndina n'ike ọbụna n'ụdị mmekọahụ na-abụghị nke ime ihe ike, na maka ohere na ihe na-akpali agụụ mmekọahụ nwere ike ịkpali ndina n'ime ma ọ bụ dochie ya.[17][18][19][21] Posner anaghị arụ ụka maka ma ọ bụ megide ikike ite ime, na-arụ ụka kama maka ohere ma ọ bụghị ihe doro anya na nwa e bu n'afọ bụ "onye otu ọha mmadụ"; nke a bụ n'ihi na ọ na-ekwu na nnwere onwe na akụ na ụba anaghị ekwu otu ụzọ ma ọ bụ nke ọzọ.[22] [a] Posner na-ekwu na ọdịiche dị n'etiti ụmụ nwoke na ụmụ nwanyị na nkezi na-agụnye obere ime ihe ike nke ụmụ nwanyị na oke nlekota anya, ma nwee "enweghị esemokwu" na iwu na-enwe ọmịiko na "òtù niile dịpụrụ adịpụ".[24][25] * Ịbụ onye inyom * [[Equity feminism|Ịkwado ụmụ nwanyị]] * A tụbara ụmụ nwanyị n'otu n'otu iji rịọ "ụmụ nwanyị na-eto eto ... nke ọgbọ na-agbaso omenala", ma gụnye echiche sitere na Rene Denfeld na Naomi Wolf, n'ụzọ bụ isi na "ndị inyom ekwesịghịzi ịbụ maka ngwọta obodo maka nsogbu obodo kama ngwọta nke onwe maka nsogbu onwe onye", na echiche sitere na Wendy McElroy.[26] * Ndị Protestant na-ekwusa ozi ọma na-akwado ụmụ nwanyị:  '''"Karen .... kọwara echiche Evangelical [Protestant] profeminist nke ọma. Dịka ndị Katọlik na ndị Juu na-akwado profeminist, ọ chere na mmegbu ụmụ nwanyị na-emegbu ụmụ nwanyị. Ọ na-ekwu na mgbanwe ndị. bụ nzaghachi dị mkpa na bụ nzaghachi dị mkpa na ọzọ dị mkpa. Ma Karen otuto rụzuru nkeechiche ụmụnwaanyị n'obodo yana n'ime Obodo ozioma nana-ekwusi ike na mmekọahụ na-adịgide adịgide na na-akatọkwa ngagharị ahụ maka ịchọ iwepụ ọdịiche nwoke na nwanyị, na-ebelata ịbụ nne na ime ụlọ, na ịbụ onye ndị omekome na-edu dịka ụmụ nwanyị Amerịka, ọkachasị nwoke idina nwoke na ime ime. Okwu ya... yiri ... okwu ndị anaghị anọchi anya ndị nkịtị Evangelical na-emegide ụmụ n'ihe gbasara okwu nke nwanyị kwuru nke ọma." [27]''' * Ọ bụ [[Alice Paul]] duziri National Woman's Party na US, nke a kọwara dị ka "ụdị dị mkpirikpi na nke na-agbaso omenala nke ụmụ nwanyị".[28] * New conservative femism, ma ọ bụ backlash femism, bụ ihe a na-ekwu na ọ na-emegide ụmụ nwanyị, ma Betty Friedan na-anọchite anya ya na The Second Stage na Jean Bethke Elshtain na Public Man, Private Woman na Alice Rossi na-atụ anya ya, A Biosocial Perspective on Parenting.[29][b][30] Ndị edemede a anaghị ekwekọrịta na ibe ha n'ihe niile dị mkpa.[32] Dị Dị ka '''Judith Stacey''' si kwuo, '''feminism nchekwaba ọhụrụ (new conservative feminism)''' na-ajụ ime ka okwu gbasara mmekọahụ bụrụ nke ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, na-akwado ezinụlọ, ọdịiche dị n’etiti nwoke na nwanyị, àgwà nwanyị, na ọrụ ịbụ nne, ma na-etinye mgbochi megide ọchịchị ụmụ nwoke n’ebe ụmụnwaanyị nọ n’ọnọdụ na-erughị mkpa..[33] * Old conservative femism ma ọ bụ domestic femism, site na narị afọ nke 19. * [[Postfeminism]] * Reactionary femism, na-ekwusi ike na Ọrụ nwoke na nwanyị ọdịnala, heteronormativity, na [[Azụ|ezinụlọ]] dị ka ihe ngwọta maka nsogbu mmekọrịta na akụ na ụba ụmụ nwanyị.<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal|author=Kay|first=Jilly Boyce|date=2024-08-19|title=The reactionary turn in popular feminism|url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/14680777.2024.2393187|journal=Feminist Media Studies|language=en|pages=1–18|doi=10.1080/14680777.2024.2393187|issn=1468-0777}}</ref> Ndị na-emeghachi omume na-ekwu na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na-aga n'ihu na-agọnahụ ọdịiche dị n'etiti ụmụ nwoke na ụmụ nwanyị.<ref name=":1" /> Ọtụtụ ndị na-emeghachi omume na-emegide ite ime. Ha na-agbaso akụkụ nke ụmụ nwanyị nne ma jụ Mgbanwe mmekọahụ. * Nkwado ụmụ nwanyị, ma ọ bụ nkwụsi ike ụmụ nwanyị, gụnyere ọrụ nke Independent Women's Forum, Feminists for Life of America, na ifeminists.net nke Wendy McElroy duziri.[36][37] Ọ na-adabere n'ụkpụrụ nke ụmụ nwanyị mbụ, na megide ma [[Postfeminism|post-feminism]] na agụmakwụkwọ ma ọ bụ ụmụ nwanyị siri ike, nke ikpeazụ a na-akọwa ịgụnye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị aka ekpe na nke na-aga n'ihu, ọ bụghị naanị ụmụ nwanyị dabere na mmegbu nwoke na nwanyị.[38][39][40] Ụmụ nwanyị nke aka nri na-akwado ma ịbụ nne na ụmụ nwanyị nwere ọrụ, na ma onye ọ bụla na mkpebi nke anụ ahụ; ọ na-anabata nha nhata nwoke na nwanyị n'ọrụ mgbe ọ na-ekwere na nha nhata ọnụ ọgụgụ agaghị eme n'ọrụ niile.[41][42][43] * Nkwado ụmụ nwanyị nke steeti ** Ịbụ onye na-akwado ụmụ nwanyị * Ọ bụ ụfọdụ n'ime ndị otu National Organization for Women (NOW) guzobere Women's Equity Action League (WEAL) mgbe a na-ele NOW anya dị ka onye na-eme ihe ike.[44][45] Ndị otu ahụ guzobere WEAL lekwasịrị anya n'ọrụ na agụmakwụkwọ, ma zere nsogbu mgbochi afọ ime na ite ime.[44] Ndị guzobere ya kpọrọ ya "'N'ezie"".[45] Ụzọ ya bụ "ndị a ma ama", ọkachasị lobbying na ikpe.[45] Ọpụpụ sitere na NOW hapụrụ NOW nnwere onwe ịchụso nnwere onwe ọmụmụ na Ndezigharị Ikike Ịha nhata.[45] “Usoro nkewa ahụ, mgbe òtù dị iche iche kewara ma mesịa hazigharịa onwe ha ọzọ, ... nyere aka idobe ụmụnwaanyị n’ime mmegharị ahụ bụ́ ndị nwere ike ịbụ na ha ga-apụ na ya ma ọ bụghị ya. Nke a bụ ihe mere n’ihe gbasara NOW, mgbe ọ kewara n’ihi esemokwu dị n’ime ya, ma feminism ọhụrụ ka jisiri ike debe akụkụ ndị kachasị echekwa ọdịnala site n’ịmepụta WEAL. N’eziokwu, na mbụ, WEAL kpọrọ onwe ya ‘akụkụ aka nri nke mmegharị ụmụnwaanyị.’ Otu ọzọ sitere na NOW, nke a kpọrọ Womansurge, na-adọtakarị ụmụnwaanyị ndị toro eto, bụ́ ndị na-enwekwu ntụsara ahụ n’ime ya karịa na NOW, nke na-aghọwanye nke ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị siri ike ma na-enwe echiche mgbanwe karịa n’okpuru mmetụta nke ọgbọ ọhụrụ nke ndị na-alụ ọgụ maka mgbanwe.”[46] * Na narị afọ nke iri abụọ na otu na United Kingdom, ọ bụ ihe a na-ahụkarị maka ụmụ nwanyị a ma ama na Conservative Party ikwupụta na ha bụ ndị na-akwado ụmụ nwanyị; omume a malitere na [[Theresa May]] na-eyi T-shirt nke Fawcett Society dere okwu "Nke a bụ ihe onye na-akwado nwanyị na-ele anya dị ka". Ndị omeiwu ụmụ nwanyị Conservative nke Britain na-ekwu na ha bụ ndị na-akwado ụmụ nwanyị ma na-ekwu maka izi ezi nke ụmụ nwanyị, ka ha na-akwado ọtụtụ iwu, site na ohere ọrụ nhata maka ụmụ nwanyị, n'ihe gbasara Anna Soubry na ndị ọzọ, na-emegide ihe na-akpali agụụ mmekọahụ. Onye omeiwu Conservative Nadine Dorries ewepụtala arụmụka ụmụ nwanyị maka igbochi ite ime.[47]   == Ihe odide == == Akwụkwọ == <templatestyles src="Refbegin/styles.css" /><templatestyles src="Module:Hatnote/styles.css"></templatestyles> * Dworkin, Andrea, Right-Wing Women: The Politics of Domesticated Females (N.Y.: Coward-McCann (nakwa Wideview/Perigee Book), 1983) * Young, Cathy, kwụsị ọkụ! : Ihe mere ụmụ nwanyị na ụmụ nwoke ga-eji sonye n'ike iji nweta ezi nha nhata (N.Y.: Free Press, 1999 ( )); ọ na-ekwu maka "nkà ihe ọmụma" (''id.'', p. 10 (Introduction: The Gender Wars)) na "amaghị ma a ga-akpọ nkà ihe ọmụma a feminism ma ọ bụ ihe ọzọ" (id, p. 11 (Intraduction)) [es] &nbsp;&nbsp; * Grant, Jane, Confession of a Feminist, na The American Mercury, vol. LVII, No. 240, Dec., 1943, peeji nke 684-691.&nbsp; * Kersten, Katherine, ''Gịnị ka ụmụ nwanyị chọrọ?'' , na Policy Review, mbipụta 56, Spring, 1991 * Klatch, Rebecca, Women of the New Right * Lee, Martha F., Nesta Webster: The Voice of Conspiracy, na Journal of Women's History, mpịakọta. 17, Nke 3 (Fall, 2005), peeji nke 81 ''ff.'' (akụkọ ndụ gụnyere na ụmụ nwanyị) &nbsp; * Burfitt-Dons, Louise, ''Ihe ịga nke ọma na ọdịda nke ụmụ nwanyị'', na Conservative Home Jan 4, 2014 <ref>{{Cite web|title=The Successes and failures of feminism|author=Burfitt-Dons|first=Louise|work=Conservative Home|date=4 January 2014|url=http://www.conservativehome.com/platform/2014/01/from-motivatingwoman-right-wing-feminism.html|accessdate=21 February 2014}}</ref> * Swift, David, ''Site na "Abụghị m onye na-ahụ maka ụmụ nwanyị kama..." ruo "Kpọọ m onye na'ahụ maka ụmụ nwoke oge ochie..."'', na Women's History Review, (Summer, 2018). <references /> jcec6prc13x1k4stndn4c96dskt0aif 0 76118 644177 2026-05-30T18:33:28Z Anastesia chi 23720 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1356542345|Ede-Enu]]" 644177 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Module:Message box/ambox.css"></templatestyles>  '''Ede-Enu''' (nke a makwaara dị ka Edenu-EdeOballa) {Pronunciation<nowiki>{{#parsoidfragment:1}}</nowiki>i bụ obodo na-achị onwe ya n'ime [[Nsukka]] Local Government Area (LGA) na Enugu State, Nigeria. Edenu bụkwa obodo nke mejupụtara ngalaba ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Ede-Nta nke Federal Republic of Nigeria. Ede-Enu nwere obodo anọ (4): Owerre, Umunagu, Eturu na Ezema. Nke ọ bụla n'ime obodo ndị a mejupụtara obodo. Obodo ndị a bụ onye kacha okenye nke ọ bụla a na-akpọ [[Onyishi]] na Omenala Nsụkka. Eturu iji maa atụ nwere obodo ndịa : Isamelu, Umuezegbara, Umude, Amuzu and Ala Ndim. Obodo Ede-Enu, ebe ọ bụ obodo nwere onwe ya, nwere onye ọchịchị ọdịnala nke ya: Igwe HRH R. O. Ugwuja. 7ufkhu42rd02d5zd2qocdhz48lqjpaq 644183 644177 2026-05-30T18:41:41Z Anastesia chi 23720 Added audio pronunciation 644183 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Module:Message box/ambox.css"></templatestyles>  '''Ede-Enu''' (nke a makwaara dị ka Edenu-EdeOballa) {{Audio|LL-Q33578 (ibo)-Anastesia chi-Ede-Enu.wav|[Mkpọpụta]}} bụ obodo na-achị onwe ya n'ime [[Nsukka]] Local Government Area (LGA) na Enugu State, Nigeria. Edenu bụkwa obodo nke mejupụtara ngalaba ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Ede-Nta nke Federal Republic of Nigeria. Ede-Enu nwere obodo anọ (4): Owerre, Umunagu, Eturu na Ezema. Nke ọ bụla n'ime obodo ndị a mejupụtara obodo. Obodo ndị a bụ onye kacha okenye nke ọ bụla a na-akpọ [[Onyishi]] na Omenala Nsụkka. Eturu iji maa atụ nwere obodo ndịa : Isamelu, Umuezegbara, Umude, Amuzu and Ala Ndim. Obodo Ede-Enu, ebe ọ bụ obodo nwere onwe ya, nwere onye ọchịchị ọdịnala nke ya: Igwe HRH R. O. Ugwuja. l51krw0miuw7zfni5yoq5lr40m1sxx4 4 76119 644312 2026-05-30T20:57:29Z Wikipedian12512(alt) 61413 I think I did this correctly 644312 wikitext text/x-wiki ==[[User:User:Wikipedian12512(alt)Igbobot|User:Wikipedian12512(alt)Igbobot]]== {{Bot ohu|User:Wikipedian12512(alt)Igbobot}} '''Operator:''' [[Ojiarụ:Wikipedian12512(alt)|Wikipedian12512(alt)]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:Wikipedian12512(alt)|ṅkátá]]) <!--Automatic: Specify whether supervised or unsupervised --> <!--Manually Assisted: User must manually confirm every change --> '''Automatic or Manually Assisted:''' Automatic <!--Programming Language: The computer language that this bot will be written in. E.g. Python, Java, C, VB, AutoWikiBrowser. NOT English etc --> '''[[:en:Programming Language|Programming Language]](s):''' Python <!--Please keep Function Summary SHORT--> '''Function Summary:''' To remove some problems with unread translations. This would start by replacing " ." with ".". '''Edit period(s)''' ''(e.g. Continuous, daily, one time run)''''':''' One time trial run, for now. <!--For existing bots only--> '''Already has a bot flag''' ''(Y/N)''''':''' <!--List full function details here--> '''Function Details:''' See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:Wikipedian12512(alt)Igbobot. ===Discussion=== <!-- This is not a vote. It is a discussion --> lkhp297fpse3pjqr3s78d5ce0fhtmj7 644313 644312 2026-05-30T20:59:13Z Wikipedian12512(alt) 61413 I think I did this correctly 644313 wikitext text/x-wiki ==[[User:Wikipedian12512(alt)Igbobot|Wikipedian12512(alt)Igbobot]]== {{Bot ohu|User:Wikipedian12512(alt)Igbobot}} '''Operator:''' [[Ojiarụ:Wikipedian12512(alt)|Wikipedian12512(alt)]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:Wikipedian12512(alt)|ṅkátá]]) <!--Automatic: Specify whether supervised or unsupervised --> <!--Manually Assisted: User must manually confirm every change --> '''Automatic or Manually Assisted:''' Automatic <!--Programming Language: The computer language that this bot will be written in. E.g. Python, Java, C, VB, AutoWikiBrowser. NOT English etc --> '''[[:en:Programming Language|Programming Language]](s):''' Python <!--Please keep Function Summary SHORT--> '''Function Summary:''' To remove some problems with unread translations. This would start by replacing " ." with ".". '''Edit period(s)''' ''(e.g. Continuous, daily, one time run)''''':''' One time trial run, for now. <!--For existing bots only--> '''Already has a bot flag''' ''(Y/N)''''':''' <!--List full function details here--> '''Function Details:''' See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:Wikipedian12512(alt)Igbobot. ===Discussion=== <!-- This is not a vote. It is a discussion --> pxyncn4x2ytwr4xqs0rqmytb4yggb6g 2 76120 644314 2026-05-30T20:59:33Z Wikipedian12512(alt) 61413 Moving to Igbo wikipedia 644314 wikitext text/x-wiki This bot will hopefully start to be working shortly. It is to be operated by the owner of the account User:Wikipedian12512. The first purpose will be to replace " ." with ".". I would start with running it on a trial run. This would only be on the Igbo Wikipedia, due to the number of translations that haven't been looked over. Some code so I don't lose it (I'll look over it later): <nowiki>#</nowiki>!/usr/bin/env python3 """ Igbo Wikipedia Spacing Cleanup Bot Task: Replaces " ." with "." across articles. Prerequisites: 1. install pywikibot: pip install pywikibot 2. Set up your user-config.py file for the Igbo ('ig') language. """ import pywikibot from pywikibot import pagegenerators import re def main():     # 1. Connect to the Igbo Wikipedia     site = pywikibot.Site('ig', 'wikipedia')         # Define the edit summary in Igbo and English     summary = "Ihichapụ ohere tupu titi (Bot: Replacing ' .' with '.') Spacing cleanup."         # 2. Get a generator for all articles in the main namespace (Namespace 0)     # This automatically handles fetching pages in batches     gen = pagegenerators.AllpagesPageGenerator(         start="!",         namespace=0,         site=site     )         # Compile a regular expression to find spaces before periods.     # Looks for a space followed by a literal period.     pattern = re.compile(r' \.')         print("Starting bot processing...")         # 3. Loop through each page     for page in gen:         # Skip redirect pages automatically         if page.isRedirectPage():             continue                     try:             old_text = page.text                         # Check if the pattern exists before making an edit attempt             if not pattern.search(old_text):                 continue                             print(f"Processing: {page.title()}")                         # Replace all occurrences of " ." with "."             new_text = pattern.sub('.', old_text)                         # 4. Save the page             page.text = new_text             page.save(summary=summary, botflag=True, minor=True)                     except pywikibot.exceptions.EditConflictError:             print(f"Skipping {page.title()} due to edit conflict.")         except pywikibot.exceptions.LockedPageError:             print(f"Skipping {page.title()} because it is protected.")         except Exception as e:             print(f"An error occurred on {page.title()}: {e}") if __name__ == '__main__':     main() afok4eho558cxaka3nxualenwomw1sf 0 76121 644325 2026-05-30T21:28:59Z NiferO 20385 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1317526308|Hélène de Monferrand]]" 644325 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Hélène de Montferrand''' (amụrụ n'afọ 1947 Saint-Mandé) bụ onye edemede French. Ọ tolitere na [[Algeria]] ma gụọ akwụkwọ na Nanterre na Sorbonne . <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://lezz-rencontres.fr-bb.com/auteurs-f67/helene-de-monferrand-t1837.htm|title=Hélène de Monferrand|work=lezz-rencontres.fr-bb.com|accessdate=6 June 2022|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20120718072442/http://lezz-rencontres.fr-bb.com/auteurs-f67/helene-de-monferrand-t1837.htm|archivedate=18 July 2012}}</ref> Ọrụ ya na-aga n'ihu ma "na-ekwughachi" ọrụ Jeanne Galzy. Ọ natara Ihe nrite Goncourt maka akwụkwọ akụkọ mbụ (ekwesịghị ịgbagha ya na Prix Goncourt) na 1990 maka Les amies d'Héloïse . <ref name="hawthorne">{{Cite journal|author=Hawthorne|first=Melanie|year=2003|title='Une voiture peut en cacher une autre': Twentieth-Century Women Writers Read George Sand|journal=SubStance|volume=32|issue=3|pages=92–108|doi=10.1353/sub.2003.0056}}</ref> Akwụkwọ akụkọ ahụ bụ mgbanwe nke akwụkwọ ozi.<ref>{{Cite book|author=Waelti-Walters|first=Jennifer|title=Damned Women: Lesbians in French Novel|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=41rFOwe2RoQC&pg=PA187|year=2000|publisher=McGill-Queen's Press|isbn=9780773568570}}</ref> Ọ na-enye aka mgbe niile na magazin Lesbia. <ref>{{Cite book|author=Martel|first=Frédéric|title=The Pink and the Black: Homosexuals in France Since 1968|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Nnz57zheGWcC&pg=PA139|year=1999|publisher=Stanford UP|isbn=9780804732741}}</ref>  == Akụkọ ndụ == Hélène de Monferrand amụrụ na Ọktoba 2, afọ 1947, na Saint-Mandé. Ọ nọrọ n'oge ọ bụ nwata na French Algeria na Sidi-bel-Abbès, tupu ya alaghachi Metropolitan France n'afọ 1958. Ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ na Nanterre na Sorbonne. Akwụkwọ akụkọ ya bụ Les Amies d'Héloïse (Ndị enyi Héloïse) meriri Prix Goncourt maka akwụkwọ akụkọ mbụ na 1990. Akwụkwọ akụkọ a sochiri Le Journal de Suzanne (Suzanne's Diary) na Les Enfants d'Héloïse (Ụmụ Héloïse). Ọ na-atụnye ụtụ mgbe nile na magazin Lesbia Magazine kwa ọnwa dị ka onye nkatọ edemede <ref>{{Cite web|title=Conférence 1968-2008 : la presse gay et lesbienne|url=https://www.bm-lyon.fr/spip.php?page=video&id_video=245|work=www.bm-lyon.fr}}</ref> N'afọ 1997, o dere okwu mbido nke mbipụta nke La Surprise de vivre nke Jeanne Galzy. Ya na Elula Perrin, o dere akụkọ ifo abụọ gbasara mpụ: L'Habit ne fait pas la nonne (Clothes Don't Make the Nun) na Ne tirez pas sur la violoniste (Don't Shoot the Violinist). Ọ na-edekwa akụkọ dị mkpirikpi maka akwụkwọ akụkọ Histoires qui fondent sous la langue... (Akụkọ Ndị Melt in Your Mouth), Le Début de la fin / La Fin du début (The Beginning of the End / The End of the Beginning), Belles d'époque (Beauties of the Era) na Transport amoureux (Transported by Love). == Ọrụ == * Sonata royale, uri, Paris, Paragraphes littéraires de Paris, 1970 * [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] nke Fallois, Paris, 1990 * ''Akwụkwọ akụkọ Suzanne'', akwụkwọ akụkọ, Ed. nke Fallois, Paris, 1991,   * [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] * Mụ na Elula Perrin, L'Habit ne fait pas la nọn, Paris, Double interligne, 1998 * Mụ na Elula Perrin, Don't Shooting on the Violinist, Paris, Double interligne, 1999 * ''Nlaghachi na Sarcelles, akwụkwọ akụkọ nke oge ndị ogbenye'', Paris, Cerisaie: 2004 == Edensibia == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}}{{Authority control}} [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] oabin3wagv9sa2hqyg3r1erpb99muz5 0 76122 644344 2026-05-30T21:46:56Z NiferO 20385 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1340949984|Cécile Morrisson]]" 644344 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles>  '''Cécile Morrisson''' (amụrụ na 16 n'ọnwa Juun afọ 1940) bụ onye France ọkọ akụkọ ihe mere eme na numismatist. Ọ bụ onye ntụzi nyocha emeritus na French National Center for Science Science and specials in the study of the Byzantine Empire. == Akụkọ ndụ == A mụrụ Cécile Morrisson na 16 ọnwa Juun afọ 1940 na Dinan, [[France]].<ref name="BellesLettres">{{Cite web|url=http://www.aibl.fr/membres/academiciens-depuis-1663/article/morrisson-cecile|title=Morrisson Cécile|work=Académie des inscriptions et belles-lettres|date=2015|accessdate=8 December 2018}}</ref> Ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ na École normale supérieure, <ref name="BellesLettres" /> nwetara Agrégation ya na akụkọ ihe mere eme wee nweta nzere doctorate ya na akụkọ ifo na École normal supérieure (Paris) (ENS-Ulm). <ref>{{Cite web|title=L'annuaire Cécile Morrisson|url=https://www.archicubes.ens.fr/lannuaire#annuaire_chercher?identite=C%C3%A9cile+Morrisson.|work=Association des anciens élèves|accessdate=8 December 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150520151458/http://www.archicubes.ens.fr/lannuaire#annuaire_chercher?identite=C%C3%A9cile+Morrisson.|archivedate=20 May 2015}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.puf.com/Auteur%3AC%C3%A9cile_Morrisson|title=Cécile Morrisson|work=PUF|date=2017|accessdate=8 December 2018}}</ref> Ọ bụ onye nduzi nke ngalaba nke mkpụrụ ego, ihe nrite na ihe ochie nke Bibliothèque nationale de France . <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.sfnumismatique.org/news/seance-en-lhonneur-de-madame-cecile-morrisson/|title=Séance en l'honneur de Madame Cécile Morrisson|work=Société française de numismatique|year=2015|accessdate=8 December 2018}}</ref> Ọ bụ onye ntụzi nyocha Emeritus na CNRS na Onye Ndụmọdụ maka Byzantine Numismatics na Dumbarton Oaks, Washington, D.C.<ref name="BellesLettres">{{Cite web|url=http://www.aibl.fr/membres/academiciens-depuis-1663/article/morrisson-cecile|title=Morrisson Cécile|work=Académie des inscriptions et belles-lettres|date=2015|accessdate=8 December 2018}}</ref> == Ihe ndị e ji mara ya == * Knight nke Legion of Honour <ref name="BellesLettres">{{Cite web|url=http://www.aibl.fr/membres/academiciens-depuis-1663/article/morrisson-cecile|title=Morrisson Cécile|work=Académie des inscriptions et belles-lettres|date=2015|accessdate=8 December 2018}}</ref> * Knight nke National Order of Merit <ref name="BellesLettres" /> * Knight nke Academic Palms<ref name="BellesLettres" /> Morrisson bụ onye otu Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres kemgbe ọnwa Disemba 11, afọ 2015. <ref name="BellesLettres">{{Cite web|url=http://www.aibl.fr/membres/academiciens-depuis-1663/article/morrisson-cecile|title=Morrisson Cécile|work=Académie des inscriptions et belles-lettres|date=2015|accessdate=8 December 2018}}</ref> E nyere ya Ihe nrite nke Royal Numismatic Society n'afọ 1994, na British Academy's Derek Allen Prize for numismatics n'afọ 1999. == Akwụkwọ ndị e bipụtara == * [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] * Cécile Morrisson, Catalogue des monnaies byzantines de la Bibliothèque nationale, Paris, 1970 akwụkwọ 1: D'Anastase I à Justinien II (491-711) akwụkwọ 2: De Philippicus à Alexis III (711-1204) ** akwụkwọ 1: Site na Anastasius nke Mbụ ruo Justinian nke Abụọ (491-711) ** akwụkwọ 2: Site na Philippicus ruo Alexis nke Atọ (711-1204) * Cécile Morrisson na Tommaso Bertelè, Numismatique Byzantine sochiri abụọ eludes a na-ebipụtabeghị na mkpụrụ ego Paléoloques, Wetteren, 1978 * Roger Guéry, Cécile Morrisson and Hédi Slim, Recherches archéologiques franco-tunisiennes à Rougga, Rome, 1982 akwụkwọ 3: Akụ̀ nke mkpụrụ ego ọlaedo Byzantium ** akwụkwọ nke 3: Akụ̀ nke mkpụrụ ego ọlaedo nke Byzantium * [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] * [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] * Jean-Claude Cheynet, Cécile Morrisson na Werner Seibt, Akara Byzantium nke nchịkọta Henri Seyrig, Paris, 1991 * [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] * [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji]   * [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] * [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] * Denis Feissel, Cécile Morrisson na Jean-Claude Cheynet, Onyinye atọ nke Byzantium na Cabinet des Médailles: Froehner (1925); Schlumberger (1929); Zacos (1998), Paris, 2001 (ihe ngosi a haziri n'oge XXe Congrès International des Etudes Byzantines na Paris, 16 July - 14 October 2001) * Cécile Morrisson, ''Le Monde Byzantin'', akwụkwọ 1: L'Empire romain d'Orient: 330-641, Paris: PUF, 2004   * [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] * Cécile Morrisson, Vladislav Popovic na Vujadin Ivaniševic, Les Trésor monétaires Byzantine des Balkans et d'Asie Mineure (491-713), Paris, 2006 * [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/978-0-521-84978-4|<bdi>978-0-521-84978-4</bdi>]] &nbsp; * Cécile Morrisson (na John William Nesbitt,Catalogue of Byzantine seals na Dumbarton Oaks na na Fogg Museum of Art . ''6: Ndị eze ukwu, ndị bishọp nke Constantinople, mgbakwunye'', Washington, DC, 2009 * [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] ''Byzantium na ndị agbata obi ya 1204 - 1453'', akwụkwọ 3: Alaeze Ukwu Gris na ndị agbata wa ya, narị afọ nke iri na atọ - iri na ise, Paris, 2011 * Cécile Morrisson, ''Azụmaahịa na Ahịa na Byzantium'', Washington, DC, 2012 * Cécile Morrisson, ''Byzantium na ego ya (narị afọ nke anọ - nke iri na ise) '' Nkọwa nke numismatic Byzantine, sochiri ndepụta nke nchịkọta Lampart, Paris, 2015 * Cécile Morrisson na Georg-D. Schaaf, Byzantium na ego ya: narị afọ nke anọ na nke iri na ise: kpọmkwem nke numismatic Byzantine, Paris, 2015 == Edensibia == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}}{{Derek Allen Prize}}{{authority control}} [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Otú:Articles with hCards]] d3sho5m4qce9rc2fqtciqtpekeul3t6 0 76123 644375 2026-05-30T22:14:11Z NiferO 20385 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1129932318|Marie-Thérèse Morlet]]" 644375 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faịlụ:Marie-Thérèse-Morlet-(1913-2005).jpg|thumb|Marie-Thérèse Morlet]] '''Marie-Thérèse Morlet''' (Guise, Aisne, Nọvemba 18, afọ 1913 - Julaị 9, afọ 2005 ) bụ onye ọkà mmụta French (onye ọkachamara na [[onomastics]]) na onye nduzi nchọpụta na CNRS. Akwụkwọ ya gụnyere Dictionnaire étymologique des noms de famille (Etymological Dictionary of Family Names). == Aha ndị mmadụ nọ n'ókèala Gaul oge ochie site na narị afọ nke isii ruo na nke iri na abụọ == Akwụkwọ ya Les noms de personne sur le territoire de l'ancienne Gaule du VIe au XIIe siècle (Personal Names in the Territory of the former Gaul from 4th to the 13th Century, abbreviated NPAG) bụ akwụkwọ ọkọwa okwu gbasara mmadụ na-ekpuchi mmalite nke aha na France ruo na Middle Ages. CNRS bipụtara ọrụ ahụ, nke a haziri dị ka usoro ndepụta mkpụrụ akwụkwọ ma nwee mpịakọta atọ. Aha nke mpịakọta nke atọ dịtụ iche: Les noms de personne sur le territoire de l'ancienne Gaule (Aha onwe onye na mpaghara nke Gaul mbụ). === Ọdịdị ya === * Aha Onwe Onye nke Ógbè Ochie nke Gaul n'etiti narị afọ nke anọ na nke iri na abụọ. - I. - Aha sitere na asụsụ German na ihe okike Gallo-German. 237 peeji - bipụtara na 1971 na ikike site na foto nke ederede a na mbipụta a na 1968, (enweghị ISBN). ** Mpịakọta nke mbụ nwere ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ndepụta mkpụrụ akwụkwọ nke aha ndị sitere na ndepụta okwu nke mpịakọta ahụ. * The Personal Names Of The Ancient Territory Of Gaul III - Aha onwe onye nwere aha obodo. 563 peeji - bipụtara na 1985. . ** Mpịakọta nke abụọ nwere ndepụta mkpụrụ akwụkwọ nke aha ndị sitere na ndepụta nke mpịakọta ahụ:  * Mpịakọta nke 3 nke aha onwe ya nke dị na aha ebe nwere: Akụkụ nke mbụ: Aha Latin a na-enye site na Latin: Alphabetical lexicon na-egosi aha ebe jikọtara maka anthroponym ọ bụla; Akụkụ nke abụọ: Aha onwe onye sitere na kọntinent German: Alphabetic lexicon gosipụtara aha ebe jikọrọ maka anthropony ọ bụla. Ndepụta n'ozuzu ya nke aha ebe (peeji 505 - 540) ** Akụkụ nke mbụ: '''Aha Latin a na-enye site na Latin''': Alphabetical lexicon na-egosi aha ebe ndị metụtara aha mmadụ ọ bụla; ** Akụkụ nke abụọ: ''Aha onwe onye sitere na kọntinent German'': Alphabetical lexicon na-egosi aha ebe jikọtara maka anthroponym ọ bụla. ** Ndepụta n'ozuzu ya nke aha ebe (peeji 505 - 540) === NPAG na aha ebe === A na-ezo aka na mpịakọta atọ nke NPAG na ọrụ Ernest Nègre Toponymie générale de la France (mpịakọta 1, 1990). Nnyocha ala kwekọrọ na France nke oge a na ọrụ Ernest Nègre na Gaul oge ochie na mbipụta nke Marie-Thérèse Morlet. A na-ebute ọtụtụ aha onwe onye na NPAG na asterisk (*). Otu ihe atụ bụ ụdị ndị na-ejedebe na ''[[-acum]]'', ụdị aha nwere aha njirimara, otu ihe atụ gụnyere aha *''Stirpius'' (nke sitere na *''Stirpiacum'' nke sitere na etymology nke Étréchy) na nkọwa: Aha [nke mmadụ] sitere na ''stirps'', souche na French; site na E. Nègre (TGF § 6359). == Ọrụ == * Toponymie de la Thiérache (Toponym of Thiérarche), [[Artrey]], Paris, 1957, 137 p. [enweghị ISBN] * Ọmụmụ aha mmadụ Picard: aha mmadụ na Haute Picardie na narị afọ nke iri na atọ, nke iri na anọ, nke iri ise Picard Anthroponymy Studies: Place Names in Lower Picardy in the 12th, 13th and the 14th Centuries, peeji nke 468, mbipụta nke Society of Picard Linguistics, edited for the Musée de Picardie, Amiens, 1967, no ISBN * Okwu nke Champagne nke dị n'ebe ugwu n'oge ochie: nnwale nke usoro, [[Klincksieck]], Paris, 1969, 429 p. [ọ bụghị ISBN] * Aha ndị mmadụ n'ókèala nke Gaul oge ochie site na narị afọ nke isii ruo na nke iri na abụọ, 1971, 1973 na 1985 * Les Études d'onomastique en France: de 1938 à 1970 (The Onomastic Studies In France: From 1938 To 1970), Société d'études linguistiques et anthropologiques de France, Paris, 1981, 214   * Dictionnaire étymologique des noms de famille (Etymological Dictionary Of Family Names), 1st mbipụta: Perrin, Paris, 1991, p. 983 &nbsp;  == Edensibia == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}}{{Authority control}} 5xs4h9lz92fvqw4acxbpdcrx7so1js0 0 76124 644412 2026-05-30T23:29:45Z Wikipedian12512(alt) 61413 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1356680223|Uluru]]" 644412 wikitext text/x-wiki    [[Faịlụ:Petermann Ranges (AU), Uluru-Kata Tjuta National Park, Uluru -- 2019 -- 3688.jpg|thumb|Uluru]] '''Uluru''' (/ˌuːləˈruː/; Pitjantjatjara: Uluṟu), a makwaara dị ka Ayers Rock (/ɛərz/ AIRS) ma bụrụkwa nke a na-ele ya anya dị ka Uluru / Ayers Rock,<ref>{{cite web|title=Place Names Register Extract: Uluru{{\}}Ayers Rock|url=http://www.ntlis.nt.gov.au/placenames/view.jsp?id=10532|work=Northern Territory Place Names Register|publisher=Northern Territory Government|date=6 November 2002|access-date=12 July 2013}}</ref> bụ nnukwu nkume monolith. Ọ na-akụ n'akụkụ etiti [[Ostraliya]] na mpaghara ndịda nke Northern Territory, 335 km (208 mi) n'akụkụ ndịda ọdịda anyanwụ nke Alice Springs. Uluru dị nsọ nye ndị Pitjantjatjara, Ndị Aborigine nke mpaghara ahụ, nke a maara dị ka Aṉangu. Mpaghara gbara usoro ahụ gburugburu bụ ebe ọtụtụ isi iyi, oghere mmiri, ọgba nkume na Ihe osise oge ochie. E depụtara Uluru dị ka UNESCO World Heritage Site. Uluru na Kata Tjuta (nke a makwaara dị ka Olgas) bụ isi ihe abụọ dị na Ogige Ntụrụndụ Uluṟu-Kata Tjuṯa. Uluru bụ otu n'ime ihe ndị a ma ama na Ostraliya,<ref>{{Cite web|author=National Museum of Australia|title=Defining Symbols of Australia - Uluru|url=https://www.nma.gov.au/exhibitions/defining-symbols-australia/uluru|accessdate=2024-02-11|work=www.nma.gov.au|language=en}}</ref> ma bụrụkwa ebe a ma ama maka ndị njem nleta kemgbe ngwụcha afọ 1930s. Ọ bụkwa otu n'ime ebe ndị amaala kachasị mkpa na Ostraliya. == Ụlọ ihe ngosi nka: == [[Faịlụ:Uluru_from_above_Iss049e010638_lrg.jpg|thumb|Ebe a na-ahụ Uluru site na ISS]] [[Faịlụ:Uluru_petroglyphs_IV.jpg|thumb|Ihe odide ndị e sere n'elu ala Uluru]] [[Faịlụ:Rhondda_Tomlinson_002.tif|thumb|Onye njem nleta n'elu Uluru na 1969]] [[Faịlụ:Lasseter_Highway1437.jpg|thumb|Ịkwọ ụgbọala n'okporo ụzọ awara awara A4 Lasseter site na Uluṟu-Kata Tjuṯa National Park, Eprel 2007]] [[Faịlụ:Uluruwarning.jpg|thumb|Ndị na-arị ugwu na ihe ịrịba ama ịdọ aka ná ntị na 2005]] [[Faịlụ:TreesUpUluru.JPG|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|Nkume ndị dị na Uluru]] [[Faịlụ:Panaorama_from_on_top_of_Uluru.jpg|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|Panorama si n'elu Uluru, na-egosi gully]] 3eqj5gy68atxim4ugp69pu3ugwe4abj 644417 644412 2026-05-30T23:36:26Z Wikipedian12512(alt) 61413 Fixed issues with the gallery, I'll publish now 644417 wikitext text/x-wiki    [[Faịlụ:Petermann Ranges (AU), Uluru-Kata Tjuta National Park, Uluru -- 2019 -- 3688.jpg|thumb|Uluru]] '''Uluru''' (/ˌuːləˈruː/; Pitjantjatjara: Uluṟu), a makwaara dị ka Ayers Rock (/ɛərz/ AIRS) ma bụrụkwa nke a na-ele ya anya dị ka Uluru / Ayers Rock,<ref>{{cite web|title=Place Names Register Extract: Uluru{{\}}Ayers Rock|url=http://www.ntlis.nt.gov.au/placenames/view.jsp?id=10532|work=Northern Territory Place Names Register|publisher=Northern Territory Government|date=6 November 2002|access-date=12 July 2013}}</ref> bụ nnukwu nkume monolith. Ọ na-akụ n'akụkụ etiti [[Ostraliya]] na mpaghara ndịda nke Northern Territory, 335 km (208 mi) n'akụkụ ndịda ọdịda anyanwụ nke Alice Springs. Uluru dị nsọ nye ndị Pitjantjatjara, Ndị Aborigine nke mpaghara ahụ, nke a maara dị ka Aṉangu. Mpaghara gbara usoro ahụ gburugburu bụ ebe ọtụtụ isi iyi, oghere mmiri, ọgba nkume na Ihe osise oge ochie. E depụtara Uluru dị ka UNESCO World Heritage Site. Uluru na Kata Tjuta (nke a makwaara dị ka Olgas) bụ isi ihe abụọ dị na Ogige Ntụrụndụ Uluṟu-Kata Tjuṯa. Uluru bụ otu n'ime ihe ndị a ma ama na Ostraliya,<ref>{{Cite web|author=National Museum of Australia|title=Defining Symbols of Australia - Uluru|url=https://www.nma.gov.au/exhibitions/defining-symbols-australia/uluru|accessdate=2024-02-11|work=www.nma.gov.au|language=en}}</ref> ma bụrụkwa ebe a ma ama maka ndị njem nleta kemgbe ngwụcha afọ 1930s. Ọ bụkwa otu n'ime ebe ndị amaala kachasị mkpa na Ostraliya. == Ụlọ ihe ngosi nka: == [[Faịlụ:Uluru_from_above_Iss049e010638_lrg.jpg|thumb|Ebe a na-ahụ Uluru site na ISS]] [[Faịlụ:Rhondda_Tomlinson_002.tif|thumb|Onye njem nleta n'elu Uluru na 1969]] [[Faịlụ:Lasseter_Highway1437.jpg|thumb|Ịkwọ ụgbọala n'okporo ụzọ awara awara A4 Lasseter site na Uluṟu-Kata Tjuṯa National Park, Eprel 2007]] [[Faịlụ:Uluruwarning.jpg|thumb|Ndị na-arị ugwu na ihe ịrịba ama ịdọ aka ná ntị na 2005]] [[Faịlụ:TreesUpUluru.JPG|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|Nkume ndị dị na Uluru]] [[Faịlụ:Panaorama_from_on_top_of_Uluru.jpg|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|Panorama si n'elu Uluru, na-egosi gully]] [[Faịlụ:Uluru_petroglyphs_IV.jpg|thumb|Ihe odide ndị e sere n'elu ala Uluru]] == Edensibịa == h1sm4hj1j7xu0616u5k4l9hbhrqm28y 644418 644417 2026-05-30T23:36:57Z Wikipedian12512(alt) 61413 Wikipedian12512(alt) moved page [[Ojiarụ:Wikipedian12512(alt)/Uluru]] to [[Uluru]]: Moving from a draft 644417 wikitext text/x-wiki    [[Faịlụ:Petermann Ranges (AU), Uluru-Kata Tjuta National Park, Uluru -- 2019 -- 3688.jpg|thumb|Uluru]] '''Uluru''' (/ˌuːləˈruː/; Pitjantjatjara: Uluṟu), a makwaara dị ka Ayers Rock (/ɛərz/ AIRS) ma bụrụkwa nke a na-ele ya anya dị ka Uluru / Ayers Rock,<ref>{{cite web|title=Place Names Register Extract: Uluru{{\}}Ayers Rock|url=http://www.ntlis.nt.gov.au/placenames/view.jsp?id=10532|work=Northern Territory Place Names Register|publisher=Northern Territory Government|date=6 November 2002|access-date=12 July 2013}}</ref> bụ nnukwu nkume monolith. Ọ na-akụ n'akụkụ etiti [[Ostraliya]] na mpaghara ndịda nke Northern Territory, 335 km (208 mi) n'akụkụ ndịda ọdịda anyanwụ nke Alice Springs. Uluru dị nsọ nye ndị Pitjantjatjara, Ndị Aborigine nke mpaghara ahụ, nke a maara dị ka Aṉangu. Mpaghara gbara usoro ahụ gburugburu bụ ebe ọtụtụ isi iyi, oghere mmiri, ọgba nkume na Ihe osise oge ochie. E depụtara Uluru dị ka UNESCO World Heritage Site. Uluru na Kata Tjuta (nke a makwaara dị ka Olgas) bụ isi ihe abụọ dị na Ogige Ntụrụndụ Uluṟu-Kata Tjuṯa. Uluru bụ otu n'ime ihe ndị a ma ama na Ostraliya,<ref>{{Cite web|author=National Museum of Australia|title=Defining Symbols of Australia - Uluru|url=https://www.nma.gov.au/exhibitions/defining-symbols-australia/uluru|accessdate=2024-02-11|work=www.nma.gov.au|language=en}}</ref> ma bụrụkwa ebe a ma ama maka ndị njem nleta kemgbe ngwụcha afọ 1930s. Ọ bụkwa otu n'ime ebe ndị amaala kachasị mkpa na Ostraliya. == Ụlọ ihe ngosi nka: == [[Faịlụ:Uluru_from_above_Iss049e010638_lrg.jpg|thumb|Ebe a na-ahụ Uluru site na ISS]] [[Faịlụ:Rhondda_Tomlinson_002.tif|thumb|Onye njem nleta n'elu Uluru na 1969]] [[Faịlụ:Lasseter_Highway1437.jpg|thumb|Ịkwọ ụgbọala n'okporo ụzọ awara awara A4 Lasseter site na Uluṟu-Kata Tjuṯa National Park, Eprel 2007]] [[Faịlụ:Uluruwarning.jpg|thumb|Ndị na-arị ugwu na ihe ịrịba ama ịdọ aka ná ntị na 2005]] [[Faịlụ:TreesUpUluru.JPG|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|Nkume ndị dị na Uluru]] [[Faịlụ:Panaorama_from_on_top_of_Uluru.jpg|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|Panorama si n'elu Uluru, na-egosi gully]] [[Faịlụ:Uluru_petroglyphs_IV.jpg|thumb|Ihe odide ndị e sere n'elu ala Uluru]] == Edensibịa == h1sm4hj1j7xu0616u5k4l9hbhrqm28y 2 76125 644419 2026-05-30T23:36:57Z Wikipedian12512(alt) 61413 Wikipedian12512(alt) moved page [[Ojiarụ:Wikipedian12512(alt)/Uluru]] to [[Uluru]]: Moving from a draft 644419 wikitext text/x-wiki #KÚFÙ [[Uluru]] ks2accrr4nwabzxz025wyl4ae8ghdaf 0 76126 644421 2026-05-30T23:39:07Z Wikipedian12512(alt) 61413 This is also a common name for Uluru 644421 wikitext text/x-wiki #KÚFÙ [[Uluru]] (Filler) i9gbozi1baoxepwaz89sn3hr767ko0t 644422 644421 2026-05-30T23:39:31Z Wikipedian12512(alt) 61413 Does this work? 644422 wikitext text/x-wiki #KÚFÙ [[Uluru]] ks2accrr4nwabzxz025wyl4ae8ghdaf 0 76127 644423 2026-05-30T23:40:23Z Wikipedian12512(alt) 61413 Technical name 644423 wikitext text/x-wiki #KÚFÙ [[Uluru]] (Filler) i9gbozi1baoxepwaz89sn3hr767ko0t 644424 644423 2026-05-30T23:40:40Z Wikipedian12512(alt) 61413 Removing filler 644424 wikitext text/x-wiki #KÚFÙ [[Uluru]] ks2accrr4nwabzxz025wyl4ae8ghdaf 0 76128 644442 2026-05-31T01:35:21Z Wikipedian12512(alt) 61413 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1356121472|Statue of Zeus at Olympia]]" 644442 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faịlụ:Le_Jupiter_Olympien_ou_l'art_de_la_sculpture_antique.jpg|thumb|Ihe osise nke ihe oyiyi Zeus nke Quatremère de Quincy (1815). ]] [[Faịlụ:Olympia_Museum_Zeus_(5986603015).jpg|thumb|Ihe osise nke ihe oyiyi Zeus.]] Ihe '''oyiyi Zeus dị na Olympia''' bụ nnukwu mmadụ nọ ọdụ, ihe dị ka 12.4 m (41 ft) ogologo,<ref>[http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/455782/Phidias Phidias] from [http://www.britannica.com/ encyclopædiabritannica.com]. Retrieved 3 September 2014</ref> nke onye ọkpụ Gris ([[Phidias]])<ref>{{cite book|last1=McWilliam|first1=Janette|last2=Puttock|first2=Sonia|last3=Stevenson|first3=Tom|title=The Statue of Zeus at Olympia: New Approaches|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SAMrBwAAQBAJ&pg=PA33|year=2011|publisher=Cambridge Scholars Publishing|isbn=978-1-4438-3032-4|pages=33–34}}</ref> mere n'ihe dị ka 435 BC n'ụlọ nsọ [[Olympia]], Greece, ma wuo ya n'ụlọ nsọ [[Zeus]] n'ebe ahụ.<ref>{{cite book|last=Ashmole|first=Bernard|author-link=Bernard Ashmole|title=Olympia: the Sculptures of the Temple of Zeus.|url=https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=UQbb0QEACAAJ|year=1967|publisher=British Museum Press|isbn=978-0714813042|page=30}}</ref> Ihe oyiyi ahụ bụ ihe a tụrụ atụ nke nwere efere ọdụ́ na ogwe ọla edo n'elu osisi.<ref>Pausanias, ''Description of Greece'' 5.11.1-.10). Pausanias was told that the paintings were by the brother of Phidias, Panaenus.</ref> Zeus nọdụrụ n'ocheeze osisi cedar e sere ese nke e ji ebony, ọdụ́, ọlaedo, na nkume ndị dị oké ọnụ ahịa chọọ mma. Ọ bụ otu n'ime Ihe ịtụnanya asaa nke Ụwa Oge Ochie. Ihe oyiyi ahụ furu efu ma bibie ya tupu ngwụcha narị afọ nke isii AD, na akụkọ na-emegiderịta onwe ya banyere ụbọchị na ọnọdụ. A maara nkọwa nke ọdịdị ya naanị site na nkọwa ndị Gris oge ochie na ihe nnọchianya na mkpụrụ ego na nka.<ref>[[Gisela Richter|Gisela M. A. Richter]], "The Pheidian Zeus at Olympia" ''Hesperia'' 35 .2 (April–June 1966:166–170) pp. 166f, 170. Details of the sculpture in this article are corroborated in the Richter article.</ref> 6avoaofualc1iwhqoyw8zv2fnbq37my 644454 644442 2026-05-31T02:24:19Z Lucy Iwuala 12732 Added reference section 644454 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faịlụ:Le_Jupiter_Olympien_ou_l'art_de_la_sculpture_antique.jpg|thumb|Ihe osise nke ihe oyiyi Zeus nke Quatremère de Quincy (1815). ]] [[Faịlụ:Olympia_Museum_Zeus_(5986603015).jpg|thumb|Ihe osise nke ihe oyiyi Zeus.]] Ihe '''oyiyi Zeus dị na Olympia''' bụ nnukwu mmadụ nọ ọdụ, ihe dị ka 12.4 m (41 ft) n'ogologo,<ref>[http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/455782/Phidias Phidias] from [http://www.britannica.com/ encyclopædiabritannica.com]. Retrieved 3 September 2014</ref> nke onye ọkpụụ Gris ([[Phidias]])<ref>{{cite book|last1=McWilliam|first1=Janette|last2=Puttock|first2=Sonia|last3=Stevenson|first3=Tom|title=The Statue of Zeus at Olympia: New Approaches|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SAMrBwAAQBAJ&pg=PA33|year=2011|publisher=Cambridge Scholars Publishing|isbn=978-1-4438-3032-4|pages=33–34}}</ref> mere n'ihe dị ka 435 BC n'ụlọ nsọ [[Olympia]], Greece, ma wuo ya n'ụlọ nsọ [[Zeus]] n'ebe ahụ.<ref>{{cite book|last=Ashmole|first=Bernard|author-link=Bernard Ashmole|title=Olympia: the Sculptures of the Temple of Zeus.|url=https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=UQbb0QEACAAJ|year=1967|publisher=British Museum Press|isbn=978-0714813042|page=30}}</ref> Ihe oyiyi ahụ bụ ihe a tụrụ atụ nke nwere efere ọdụ́ na ogwe ọla edo n'elu osisi.<ref>Pausanias, ''Description of Greece'' 5.11.1-.10). Pausanias was told that the paintings were by the brother of Phidias, Panaenus.</ref> Zeus nọdụrụ n'ocheeze osisi cedar e sere ese nke e ji ebony, ọdụ́, ọlaedo, na nkume ndị dị oké ọnụ ahịa chọọ mma. Ọ bụ otu n'ime Ihe ịtụnanya asaa nke Ụwa Oge Ochie. Ihe oyiyi ahụ furu efu ma bibie ya tupu ngwụcha narị afọ nke isii AD, na akụkọ na-emegiderịta onwe ya banyere ụbọchị na ọnọdụ. A maara nkọwa nke ọdịdị ya naanị site na nkọwa ndị Gris oge ochie na ihe nnọchianya na mkpụrụ ego na nka.<ref>[[Gisela Richter|Gisela M. A. Richter]], "The Pheidian Zeus at Olympia" ''Hesperia'' 35 .2 (April–June 1966:166–170) pp. 166f, 170. Details of the sculpture in this article are corroborated in the Richter article.</ref> ==Edensibịa== efbenjbx1sdw7ptn2co3fo8xhd8kgam 0 76129 644487 2026-05-31T05:43:54Z King ChristLike 13051 King ChristLike moved page [[Eze nke Brooklyn]] to [[Brooklyn Ezeh]]: Misspelled title 644487 wikitext text/x-wiki #KÚFÙ [[Brooklyn Ezeh]] h23a29t2shn9bz1a23vadklnu5x2aga 0 76130 644492 2026-05-31T05:46:48Z King ChristLike 13051 King ChristLike moved page [[Eze Nri Ènweleána II Obidiegwu Onyeso]] to [[Ènweleána II Obidiegwu Onyeso]]: Misspelled title 644492 wikitext text/x-wiki #KÚFÙ [[Ènweleána II Obidiegwu Onyeso]] 5xpofir62owqa0kvc7wixv1s2z5d2zc 0 76131 644496 2026-05-31T05:49:04Z King ChristLike 13051 King ChristLike moved page [[Eze Nwanyị Na-agọzi Ebigieson]] to [[Queen Blessing Ebigieson]]: Misspelled title 644496 wikitext text/x-wiki #KÚFÙ [[Queen Blessing Ebigieson]] nxytfoqdhvqx1d6phssrfkpqyusxevw 0 76132 644500 2026-05-31T05:52:38Z King ChristLike 13051 King ChristLike moved page [[Eze Nwanyị Obisesan]] to [[Queen Obisesan]]: Misspelled title 644500 wikitext text/x-wiki #KÚFÙ [[Queen Obisesan]] g016lzifd208cv7gxxhliwb6972tur9 0 76133 644503 2026-05-31T05:54:08Z King ChristLike 13051 King ChristLike moved page [[Eze Nwanyị Okafor]] to [[Queen Okafor]]: Misspelled title 644503 wikitext text/x-wiki #KÚFÙ [[Queen Okafor]] gocxt9v92dr65thn5wltlyib042pxp2 0 76134 644506 2026-05-31T05:56:13Z King ChristLike 13051 King ChristLike moved page [[Eze Saha]] to [[King Saha]]: Misspelled title 644506 wikitext text/x-wiki #KÚFÙ [[King Saha]] f55g6kg6r90w0pjt48x5ia22uu4ltce 0 76135 644510 2026-05-31T05:58:22Z King ChristLike 13051 King ChristLike moved page [[Eze V. B. C. Onyema nke Atọ]] to [[V. B. C. Onyema nke Atọ]]: Misspelled title 644510 wikitext text/x-wiki #KÚFÙ [[V. B. C. Onyema nke Atọ]] idx94eiiaawol1kf34vk8onthi88v28 0 76136 644608 2026-05-31T11:02:10Z Vivian Amalachukwu 17172 Created this article 644608 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|Mmegharị mba ụwa megidere echiche nke njirimara nwoke na nwanyị}} {{Use dmy dates|date=October 2024}} [[File:Marcha por la Vida 2018 Perú (1).jpg|thumb|upright=1.2|"Okike agaghịzi adị": ndị na-eme ngagharịiwe si [[Con mis hijos no te metas]] ("Emela ka ụmụ m ghara inwe nsogbu") n'oge ngagharị iwe [[pro-life]] na [[Lima]], Peru, 2018|alt=Anti-gender march in Lima, Peru]] [[File:Pikieta modlitewna przeciwników ideologii geneder na placu Zbawiciela 01.JPG|thumb|upright=1.2|"Okike bụ ọnwụ{{snd}} ọ na-egbu njirimara, mkpụrụ obi na ahụ": mkpesa megide "echiche nwoke na nwanyị" na [[Warsaw]], Poland, 2014|alt=Anti-gender protest in Warsaw, Poland]] '''Mmegharị megide okike''' bụ [[mmegharị mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya]] zuru ụwa ọnụ nke megidere echiche ọ kpọrọ "echiche okike" ma ọ bụ "echiche okike". A kọwapụtara okwu ndị a nke ọma, ma gụnyekwa ọtụtụ isiokwu metụtara [[nkwado nha ụmụnwaanyị]] na [[LGBTQ movements|ikike LGBTQ]], yana [[ọganihu]] n'ozuzu. Mmegharị ahụ enwetala nkwado site n'aka otu [[ndị na-akwado ndị mmadụ n'aka nri]], òtù [[ndị na-echekwa okpukperechi]], [[ndị na-echekwa ọha mmadụ|ndị na-echekwa ọha mmadụ]], na [[ndị na-eche aka nri anya]] n'ụwa niile. Ọ na-ele ọganihu na [[nha nhata nwoke na nwanyị]] na [[ọdịiche nwoke na nwanyị na mmekọahụ]] anya dị ka ihe iyi egwu nye [[ụkpụrụ ezinụlọ ọdịnala]], nkwenkwe okpukpe, na ụkpụrụ mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya. Nkwenye nke òtù ahụ sitere na [[okpukpe Katọlik]], a pụkwara ịkọ mmalite ya na mbido afọ 1970, ọ bụ ezie na ọ dọtara uche na ndị otu ya nke ukwuu malite na 2012 ruo [[mkpesa ọha]].{{sfn|Kuhar|Paternotte|2017|p=12}} N'ịrụ ọrụ n'ofe mba dị iche iche, mmegharị ahụ na-etinye aka na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na iwu na-elekwasị anya n'ọtụtụ ebe dị iche iche, gụnyere [[ikike ọmụmụ]], [[asụsụ gụnyere]], [[alụmdi na nwunye nwoke na nwoke na nke nwanyị na nwanyị]], [[ikike ndị nwoke na nwanyị na-agbanwe agbanwe|ndị nwoke na nwanyị na-agbanwe agbanwe]], [[Mmebe mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya | echiche ndị na-ewu obodo gbasara okike]], na ngalaba agụmakwụkwọ dịka [[ọmụmụ gbasara okike]]. Ọ bụ ezie na akụkụ ụfọdụ nke mmegharị ahụ lekwasịrị anya kpọmkwem n'ihe ndị na-emegide ikike LGBTQ, ndị ọzọ na-eleba anya n'egwu sara mbara gbasara mgbanwe mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya metụtara nwoke na nwanyị. A katọrọ otu a maka ịgba ume [[ịkpa ókè]], imebi nchedo [[ikike mmadụ]], na ịkwalite [[ozi na-ezighi ezi]] na [[okwu mgbochi LGBTQ|okwu mkparị megide ndị LGBTQ]]. A kọwawo echiche nke "echiche nwoke na nwanyị" zuru ebe niile ma bụrụ nke e guzobere n'usoro dị ka [[ụjọ omume]]{{sfn|Careaga-Pérez|2016|p=251}}{{sfn|Żuk|Żuk|2019|p=1}} na [[ozizi nkwekọrịta]].{{sfn|Marchlewska ''et al.''|2019|p=766}} ey433v536ftf4h5l7guwsax14cpcdl5 644613 644608 2026-05-31T11:39:56Z Vivian Amalachukwu 17172 Expanded this article 644613 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|Mmegharị mba ụwa megidere echiche nke njirimara nwoke na nwanyị}} {{Use dmy dates|date=October 2024}} [[File:Marcha por la Vida 2018 Perú (1).jpg|thumb|upright=1.2|"Okike agaghịzi adị": ndị na-eme ngagharịiwe si [[Con mis hijos no te metas]] ("Emela ka ụmụ m ghara inwe nsogbu") n'oge ngagharị iwe [[pro-life]] na [[Lima]], Peru, 2018|alt=Anti-gender march in Lima, Peru]] [[File:Pikieta modlitewna przeciwników ideologii geneder na placu Zbawiciela 01.JPG|thumb|upright=1.2|"Okike bụ ọnwụ{{snd}} ọ na-egbu njirimara, mkpụrụ obi na ahụ": mkpesa megide "echiche nwoke na nwanyị" na [[Warsaw]], Poland, 2014|alt=Anti-gender protest in Warsaw, Poland]] '''Mmegharị megide okike''' bụ [[mmegharị mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya]] zuru ụwa ọnụ nke megidere echiche ọ kpọrọ "echiche okike" ma ọ bụ "echiche okike". A kọwapụtara okwu ndị a nke ọma, ma gụnyekwa ọtụtụ isiokwu metụtara [[nkwado nha ụmụnwaanyị]] na [[LGBTQ movements|ikike LGBTQ]], yana [[ọganihu]] n'ozuzu. Mmegharị ahụ enwetala nkwado site n'aka otu [[ndị na-akwado ndị mmadụ n'aka nri]], òtù [[ndị na-echekwa okpukperechi]], [[ndị na-echekwa ọha mmadụ|ndị na-echekwa ọha mmadụ]], na [[ndị na-eche aka nri anya]] n'ụwa niile. Ọ na-ele ọganihu na [[nha nhata nwoke na nwanyị]] na [[ọdịiche nwoke na nwanyị na mmekọahụ]] anya dị ka ihe iyi egwu nye [[ụkpụrụ ezinụlọ ọdịnala]], nkwenkwe okpukpe, na ụkpụrụ mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya. Nkwenye nke òtù ahụ sitere na [[okpukpe Katọlik]], a pụkwara ịkọ mmalite ya na mbido afọ 1970, ọ bụ ezie na ọ dọtara uche na ndị otu ya nke ukwuu malite na 2012 ruo [[mkpesa ọha]].{{sfn|Kuhar|Paternotte|2017|p=12}} N'ịrụ ọrụ n'ofe mba dị iche iche, mmegharị ahụ na-etinye aka na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na iwu na-elekwasị anya n'ọtụtụ ebe dị iche iche, gụnyere [[ikike ọmụmụ]], [[asụsụ gụnyere]], [[alụmdi na nwunye nwoke na nwoke na nke nwanyị na nwanyị]], [[ikike ndị nwoke na nwanyị na-agbanwe agbanwe|ndị nwoke na nwanyị na-agbanwe agbanwe]], [[Mmebe mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya | echiche ndị na-ewu obodo gbasara okike]], na ngalaba agụmakwụkwọ dịka [[ọmụmụ gbasara okike]]. Ọ bụ ezie na akụkụ ụfọdụ nke mmegharị ahụ lekwasịrị anya kpọmkwem n'ihe ndị na-emegide ikike LGBTQ, ndị ọzọ na-eleba anya n'egwu sara mbara gbasara mgbanwe mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya metụtara nwoke na nwanyị. A katọrọ otu a maka ịgba ume [[ịkpa ókè]], imebi nchedo [[ikike mmadụ]], na ịkwalite [[ozi na-ezighi ezi]] na [[okwu mgbochi LGBTQ|okwu mkparị megide ndị LGBTQ]]. A kọwawo echiche nke "echiche nwoke na nwanyị" zuru ebe niile ma bụrụ nke e guzobere n'usoro dị ka [[ụjọ omume]]{{sfn|Careaga-Pérez|2016|p=251}}{{sfn|Żuk|Żuk|2019|p=1}} na [[ozizi nkwekọrịta]].{{sfn|Marchlewska ''et al.''|2019|p=766}} == Nkọwa okwu == N'ọtụtụ mba ndị na-anaghị asụ Bekee, ndị na-emegide okike na-ezerekarị iji nsụgharị obodo nke okwu ahụ bụ ''gender'', kama ịhọrọ okwu Bekee iji gosi na okike bụ echiche ebubata ma ọ bụ nke mba ọzọ.{{sfn|Kuhar |Paternotte|2017|p=14}} Okwu ahụ bụ ''echiche nwoke na nwanyị'', nke dị mkpa n'ihe gbasara mmegide nwoke na nwanyị, enweghị nkọwa doro anya ma ọ bụ nke nwere otu ihe {{sfn|Mayer|Sauer|2017|p=23}} ma na-agụnye ọtụtụ okwu dị iche iche.{{sfn|Kováts|2016|p=175}} Ndị ọkà mmụta dịka Stefanie Mayer na Birgit Sauer kọwara ya dị ka "ihe na-egosi ihe efu",{{sfn|Mayer|Sauer|2017|p=23}} ebe [[Agnieszka Graff]] kọwara ya dị ka okwu a na-ejikarị eme ihe maka echiche ndị Katọlik na-agbasochi anya.{{sfn|Graff|2016|p=268}} A na-ejikarị okwu ndị a bụ ''echiche nwoke na nwanyị'', ''echiche nwoke na nwanyị'', na ''njide nwoke na nwanyị'' eme ihe n'otu oge site n'òtù ahụ mana ha dị iche na ngalaba agụmakwụkwọ nke [[ọmụmụ nwoke na nwanyị]]. N'ọmụmụ ihe gbasara okike, e nwere nnukwu arụmụka na nghọtahie; agbanyeghị, ndị na-akwado okike na-elegharakarị ihe ndị a anya.{{sfn|Kováts|2018|pp=2, 8}}{{Sfn|Butler|2024|p=19}} Elizabeth Corredor na-arụ ụka na ''echiche nwoke na nwanyị'' na-arụ ọrụ dị ka ihe ịma aka ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na [[ihe gbasara ọmụmụ ihe]] nye echiche nnwere onwe gbasara okike, mmekọahụ, na mmekọahụ.{{sfn|Corredor|2019|p=617}} Corredor kwukwara na ngagharị iwe megide nwoke na nwanyị na-eji nkewa dị n'ime mmegharị nkwado nha umunwanyị na LGBTQ eme ihe iji mee ka ebumnuche ya gaa n'ihu.{{sfn|Corredor|2019|p=617}} Peixoto kwuru na okwu ahụ bụ ''echiche nwoke na nwanyị'' sitere n'ọchịchọ nwanyị iji okike eme ihe kama mmekọahụ.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Bertolucci Peixoto |first=Tatiana |date=2026-03-12 |title=Gender ideology |url=https://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10624-026-09832-z |journal=Dialectical Anthropology |language=en |doi=10.1007/s10624-026-09832-z |issn=0304-4092}}</ref> Òtù ahụ na-ebo ọtụtụ mmadụ na otu dị iche iche ebubo ịkwalite ''echiche nwoke na nwanyị''. Ndị a gụnyere ndị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, ọkachasị ndị a maara dị ka [[Liberalism|liberal]], ndị na-acha akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ, ma ọ bụ ndị aka ekpe; [[Mmegide ikike ụmụnwaanyị|ikike ụmụnwaanyị]] na [[Ndị na-akwado LGBTQ]]; ndị ọrụ amụma okike na nchịkwa ọha; na ndị ọkà mmụta pụrụ iche na ọmụmụ ihe gbasara okike. Site n'ịkọwa ndị a dị ka ndị na-akwado ''echiche nwoke na nwanyị'', mmegharị ahụ na-eme ka mmegide megide nha nhata nwoke na nwanyị na atụmatụ dị iche iche dịkwuo elu.{{sfn|Kováts|2016|p=176}} Ndị na-akwado mmegide nwoke na nwanyị nwere ike igosi [[European Union]] na òtù mba ụwa ndị ọzọ dị ka ndị ọtụtụ [[Lobbying|lobbies]] ji aka ha mee ihe, dịka ndị America billionaires, [[Ozizi Marxism omenala | Ndị Marxist omenala]], [[Ozizi Masonic nzuzo | Ndị Freemason]], [[Mmegide-nwanyị|ndị na-akwado ụmụnwaanyị]], [[Agenda nwoke idina nwoke|Ndị LGBTQ na-akwado]], ma ọ bụ [[Akụkọ nzuzo ndị Juu|Ndị Juu]].<ref name="BJSO 2024">{{cite journal |last1=Salvati |first1=M. |last2=Pellegrini |first2=V. |last3=De Cristofaro |first3=V. |last4=Giacomantonio |first4=M. |date=January 2024 |title=What is hiding behind the rainbow plot? The gender ideology and LGBTQ+ lobby conspiracies (GILC) scale |journal=[[British Journal of Social Psychology]] |publisher=[[Wiley-Blackwell]] on behalf of the [[British Psychological Society]] |volume=63 |issue=1 |pages=295–318 |doi=10.1111/bjso.12678 |issn=2044-8309 |pmid=37606152 |s2cid=261062493 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Proponents present themselves as defenders of [[Freedom of speech|free speech]], [[Freedom of thought|thought]], and conscience against the "gender ideology", which they label as "[[totalitarian]]".{{sfn|Marchlewska ''et al.''|2019|p=766}}{{sfn|Kuhar|Paternotte|2017|pp=2, 6}}{{sfn|Corredor|2019|pp=628–629}} Ndị na-akwado echiche na-arụ ụka na "echiche nwoke na nwanyị" sitere na [[cabal]] nke ndị isi rụrụ arụ na-akwalite,{{sfn|Marchlewska ''et al.''|2019|p=766}}<ref name="Conversation" /> ma ọ bụ ụlọ ọrụ mba ofesi dịka European Union, [[World Health Organization]], ma ọ bụ [[United Nations]], maka ebumnuche nke ịda mbà, imebi, ma ọ bụ ibibi ezinụlọ, Chọọchị Katọlik, mba, na/ma ọ bụ [[Ọdịbendị Ọdịda Anyanwụ]].{{sfn|Kuhar|Paternotte|2017|p=5}}{{sfn|Kováts|2016|p=176}}{{sfn|Marchlewska ''et al.''|2019|p=767}} [[Donald Trump]] anabatala okwu a ma jiri ya mee ihe na [[Executive Order 14168]], nke akpọrọ "Ịchebe Ụmụnwaanyị site na echiche nwoke na nwanyị na iweghachi eziokwu sitere n'okike nye gọọmentị etiti", nke na-achọ iwepụ nnabata gọọmentị etiti nke ndị transgender ma gbanwee nchebe transgender.<ref>{{cite news |title=Trump rolls back trans and gender-identity rights and takes aim at DEI |url=https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2025/jan/20/trump-executive-order-gender-sex |access-date=21 January 2025 |work=The Guardian}}</ref> Okwu ahụ bụ ''echiche nwoke na nwanyị'' malitere n'ime Chọọchị Katọlik n'afọ 1990.<ref name="Butler 2025">{{Cite web |last=Butler |first=Judith |date=3 April 2025 |title=This is Wrong: Judith Butler on Executive Order 14168 |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/the-paper/v47/n06/judith-butler/this-is-wrong |url-access=subscription |work=London Review of Books |page=9}}</ref>{{sfn|Kuhar |Paternotte|2017|p=8}} Mary Anne Case dere na okwu ahụ bụ ''echiche nwoke na nwanyị'' banyere n'ihe Chọọchị Katọlik ji eme ihe na njikọ ya na [[1995 World Conference on Women]], na, karịsịa, akwụkwọ nta nke onye na-akwado ikike [[Dale O'Leary]] "Oke nwoke na nwanyị: Mwepụ nke Ụmụ nwanyị/Nyocha nke Echiche Nwoke na Nwanyị n'ịkwadebe maka Nzukọ Ụwa nke Anọ gbasara Ụmụ nwanyị", nke e nyere [[Pope Benedict XVI]]. O'Leary n'onwe ya nwetara mmụọ nsọ site n'akwụkwọ Christina Hoff Sommers nke akpọrọ ''[[Ònye zuru ikike ụmụ nwanyị?]]''.<ref name="Case" /> Okwu a batara n'ọtụtụ chọọchị dị na Latin America, tinyere [[World Congress of Families]].<ref name="Butler 2025" /> [[Pope Francis]] kwuru na "echiche nwoke na nwanyị" ga-emebi echiche Chọọchị Katọlik na [[mmekọrịta nwoke na nwanyị]],{{sfn|Kuhar |Paternotte|2017|p=5}} tụnyere ya na [[ngwa agha nuklia]], ma kwuo na ọ bụ otu n'ime "Ndị Herọd na-ebibi ihe, atụmatụ ọnwụ, na-emebi ihu nwoke na nwanyị, na-ebibi ihe e kere eke".<ref>{{cite news |title=Pope Francis compares arguments for transgender rights to nuclear arms |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/pope-francis-compares-arguments-for-transgender-rights-to-nuclear-arms-race-10061223.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220507/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/pope-francis-compares-arguments-for-transgender-rights-to-nuclear-arms-race-10061223.html |archive-date=7 May 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |access-date=6 August 2020 |work=The Independent |date=21 February 2015 |language=en}}{{cbignore}}</ref> Na 2019, Chọọchị Katọlik [[Nwoke na Nwanyị O kere Ha|wepụtara akwụkwọ mbụ dị mkpa]]<!--As seen in the Conversation link.--> na-ekwu maka "echiche nwoke na nwanyị", nke [[Gender binary|na-ekwu na e nwere naanị okike ma ọ bụ nwoke na nwanyị abụọ a chọpụtara na ha bụ ndị sitere n'okike]].<ref name=Conversation/> Dịka Corredor si kwuo, <blockquote>Echiche nke Holy See dabere nke ukwuu na mmekọrịta kwụsiri ike na nke a na-atụ anya ya n'etiti mmekọahụ dị ndụ, njirimara nwoke na nwanyị, na echiche nwoke na nwanyị maka nwoke na nwanyị, nke a na-egosipụta n'ụzọ Chọọchị Katọlik si kwuo dị ka otu na naanị otu ịdị n'otu ebumpụta ụwa nke uche, ahụ, na mkpụrụ obi. N'ihi na a kwenyere na ịdị n'otu a sitere na [[Iwu Okike|Iwu Okike]] na [[Iwu Baịbụl n'Iso Ụzọ Kraịst|Iwu Chineke]]—dị ka [[Mmepụta Ihe|ihe Chineke kere]] kpọmkwem—ọ gafere ndokwa ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, akụkọ ihe mere eme, na mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya nke mmadụ kpụrụ.{{sfn|Corredor|2019|p=621}}</blockquote> ob82sl2d4q79j3cxplasst31bzu23y1