Wikipedia igwiki https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ihu_mb%E1%BB%A5 MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.13 first-letter Midia Ọpụrụiche Ńkàtá Ojiarụ Ńkàtá ojiarụ Wikipedia Ńkàtá Wikipedia Faịlụ Ńkàtá faịlụ MidiaWiki Ńkàtá MidiaWiki Templeeti Ńkàtá templeeti Enyemaka Ńkàtá enyemaka Otú Ńkàtá otú Édēchághị́ Ńkàtá Édēchághị́ TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk 10 1953 696603 691956 2006-07-24T14:03:53Z IHuffKittens 44327 400034 wikitext text/x-wiki phoiac9h4m842xq45sp7s6u21eteeq1 696604 691955 2026-08-03T07:53:31Z King ChristLike 13051 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:See_also]] 371405 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{#invoke:Labelled list hatnote|labelledList|See also|ifexists={{{ifexists|true}}}}}</includeonly><noinclude> {{documentation}} <!-- Categories go on the /doc subpage, and interwikis go on Wikidata. --> </noinclude> iscw165d4olefvh2e2w9vsrt2yr0h51 696725 696603 2006-07-24T14:03:53Z IHuffKittens 44327 400034 wikitext text/x-wiki phoiac9h4m842xq45sp7s6u21eteeq1 696726 696604 2026-08-03T07:54:29Z King ChristLike 13051 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:See_also]] 371405 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{#invoke:Labelled list hatnote|labelledList|See also|ifexists={{{ifexists|true}}}}}</includeonly><noinclude> {{documentation}} <!-- Categories go on the /doc subpage, and interwikis go on Wikidata. --> </noinclude> iscw165d4olefvh2e2w9vsrt2yr0h51 0 2532 696425 645480 2026-08-02T15:46:02Z Nachi kim 20090 Fixed reference error 696425 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:Curtis Hixon Park Tampa Florida United States - panoramio (3).jpg|thumb|Curtis Hixon Park Tampa Florida United States - panoramio (3)]] [[Ákwúkwó orünotu:Flag of Florida.svg|thumb|200px|right]] [[Ákwúkwó orünotu:Map of USA FL.svg|thumb|200px|right]] {| class="infobox ib-settlement vcard" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-above" |<div class="fn org">Florida</div> |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" |<div class="category">[[U.S. state|Ọnọdụ]]</div> |- class="mergedtoprow" | colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data maptable" |<templatestyles src="Infobox settlement/columns/styles.css" /><div class="ib-settlement-cols"><div class="ib-settlement-cols-row"><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell">[[Faịlụ:Flag_of_Florida.svg|border|125x125px|Flag of Florida]]<div class="ib-settlement-caption-link">Flag</div></div><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell">[[Faịlụ:Seal_of_Florida.svg|100x100px|Official seal of Florida]]<div class="ib-settlement-caption-link">Mkpịsị aka</div></div></div></div> |- class="mergedtoprow" | colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" |Aha njirimara:<div class="ib-settlement-nickname nickname">Sunshine State</div> |- class="mergedrow" | colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" |Ụkpụrụ nduzi:<div class="ib-settlement-nickname nickname">Anyị Tụkwasịrị Chineke obi</div> |- class="mergedrow" | colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" |Abụ mba: "Florida" (abụ mba), "Old Folks at Home" (abụ obodo) <div class="center"></div> |- class="mergedtoprow" | colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" |[[Faịlụ:Florida_in_United_States.svg|300x300px|Location of Florida within the United States]]<div class="ib-settlement-caption">Ebe Florida dị na United States</div> |- class="mergedtoprow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Mba | class="infobox-data" |[[Njikọ̀taọ̀hà|United States]] |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Tupu ọ bụrụ steeti | class="infobox-data" |Ógbè Florida |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |A nabatara ya na Union | class="infobox-data" |March 3, 1845; 181 afọ gara aga <span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1845-03-03</span>)&nbsp;</span> (27th) &nbsp; |- class="mergedtoprow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Isi obodo | class="infobox-data" |Tallahassee |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Obodo Kasị Ukwuu | class="infobox-data" |Jacksonville |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Obodo Kasị Ukwuu | class="infobox-data" |Miami-Dade |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Obodo metro na obodo ukwu kachasị ukwuu | class="infobox-data" |Ndịda Florida |- class="mergedtoprow" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" |Gọọmentị<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div> |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |• Gọvanọ&nbsp;&nbsp; | class="infobox-data" | |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |• Onye isi ala Gọvanọ&nbsp;&nbsp;Onye na-esote Gọvanọ | class="infobox-data" |<span class="nowrap">Jay Collins (R) </span> |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Ndị omeiwu | class="infobox-data" |Ndị omeiwu Florida |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |• Ụlọ elu&nbsp;&nbsp; | class="infobox-data" |Ndị omeiwu |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |• Ụlọ ala&nbsp;&nbsp; | class="infobox-data" |Ụlọ Ndị Nnọchiteanya |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Ikpe | class="infobox-data" |Ụlọikpe Kasị Elu nke Florida |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Ndị omeiwu US | class="infobox-data" |Rick Scott (R) Ashley Moody (R) |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Ndị nnọchi anya ụlọ U.S. | class="infobox-data" |20 Republicans8 Democrats (ndepụta) |- class="mergedtoprow" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" |Mpaghara<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div> |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |<div style="white-space:nowrap;">• Ngụkọta&nbsp;&nbsp;</div> | class="infobox-data" |65,758 sq mi (170,31² km2) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |• Ala&nbsp;&nbsp; | class="infobox-data" |53,6² sq mi (138,887 km2) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |• Mmiri&nbsp;&nbsp; | class="infobox-data" |1²,133 sq mi (31,424 km2) 18.5%&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |• Ọnọdụ&nbsp;&nbsp; | class="infobox-data" |Nke iri abụọ na abụọ |- class="mergedtoprow" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" |Ọdịdị ya<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div> |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |• Ogologo&nbsp;&nbsp; | class="infobox-data" |448 mi (721 km) &nbsp;&nbsp; |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |• Obosara&nbsp;&nbsp; | class="infobox-data" |362 mi (582 km) &nbsp;&nbsp; |- class="mergedtoprow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Elu ugwu<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div> | class="infobox-data" |98 ft (30 m) &nbsp;&nbsp; |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Ugwu kachasị elu (Britton Hill[5][lower-alpha 1]) &nbsp;<div class="ib-settlement-fn">(Britton Hill) &#x20;</div> | class="infobox-data" |344 ft (105 m) &nbsp;&nbsp; |- class="mergedbottomrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Ugwu kachasị ala<div class="ib-settlement-fn">(Oké Osimiri Atlantic ) <ref name="USGS" />&#x20;</div> | class="infobox-data" |0 ft (0 m) &nbsp;&nbsp; |- class="mergedtoprow" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" |Ndị bi na ya<div class="ib-settlement-fn">(2025)<span class="nowrap">&nbsp;</span></div> |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |<div style="white-space:nowrap;">• Ngụkọta&nbsp;&nbsp;</div> | class="infobox-data" |23,462,518[[Faịlụ:Increase_Neutral.svg|link=|11x11px|Neutral increase]] |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |• Ọnọdụ&nbsp;&nbsp; | class="infobox-data" |Nke atọ |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |• Ọnụ ọgụgụ mmadụ&nbsp;&nbsp; | class="infobox-data" |410/sq mi (160/km²) &nbsp; |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |• Ọnọdụ&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; | class="infobox-data" |Nke asaa |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |• Ọkara ego ezinụlọ na-enweta&nbsp;&nbsp;<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div> | class="infobox-data" |$77,7<span>0</span> (2024)[[Faịlụ:Increase2.svg|link=|11x11px|Increase]] |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |• Ọnọdụ ego&nbsp;&nbsp;<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div> | class="infobox-data" |Nke 30 |- class="mergedtoprow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Ndị mmụọ ọjọọ | class="infobox-data" |Floridian, Floridan |- class="mergedtoprow" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" |Asụsụ<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div> |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |• Asụsụ gọọmentị&nbsp;&nbsp; | class="infobox-data" |Bekee<ref name="Article 2, Section 9, Constitution of the State of Florida">{{Cite web|url=https://www.flsenate.gov/Laws/Constitution#A2S09|title=Article 2, Section 9, Constitution of the State of Florida|publisher=State of Florida|accessdate=September 14, 2018|date=1988|archivedate=September 14, 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180914203652/https://www.flsenate.gov/Laws/Constitution#A2S09}}</ref> |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |• Asụsụ a na-asụ&nbsp;&nbsp; | class="infobox-data" | * Naanị [[Asụsụ Bekee|Bekee]]: 68.0% * Spanish: 23.4% * Ndị ọzọ: 8.7% |- class="mergedtoprow" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" |[[Time zone|Oge]] |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Peninsula na mpaghara "Big Bend" | class="infobox-data" |UTC−05:00 (Eastern) |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |<span class="nowrap">• Oge okpomọkụ ([[Daylight saving time|DST]]) &nbsp;&nbsp;</span> | class="infobox-data" |UTC−04:00 (EDT) |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Panhandle n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ nke Osimiri Apalachicola | class="infobox-data" |UTC−06:00 (Central) |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |<span class="nowrap">• Oge okpomọkụ ([[Daylight saving time|DST]]) &nbsp;&nbsp;</span> | class="infobox-data" |UTC−05:00 (CDT) |- class="mergedtoprow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Nchịkọta USPS | class="infobox-data adr" |<div class="postal-code">FL</div> |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Koodu ISO 3166 | class="infobox-data nickname" |US-FL |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Nchịkọta ọdịnala | class="infobox-data nickname" |Ọ bụ n'ihi ya ka a na-akpọ Fla. |- class="mergedtoprow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Latitude | class="infobox-data" |24° 27' N ruo 31° 00' N |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Ogologo oge | class="infobox-data" |80° 02' W ruo 87° 38' W |- class="mergedtoprow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ | class="infobox-data" |<span class="url">[https://www.myflorida.gov/ www.myflorida.gov]</span> |} Florida bụ steeti dị na mpaghara Ndịda Ọwụwa Anyanwụ nke United States. Ọ dị n’akụkụ Gulf of Mexico n’ebe ọdịda anyanwụ, Alabama n’ebe ugwu ọdịda anyanwụ, Georgia n’ebe ugwu, Oké Osimiri Atlantic n’ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ, Straits of Florida n’ebe ndịda, na Bahamas n’ebe ndịda ọwụwa anyanwụ. Ihe dị ka ụzọ abụọ n’ụzọ atọ nke steeti ahụ dị n’agbata Gulf of Mexico na Oké Osimiri Atlantic. Florida nwere ụsọ oké osimiri kachasị ogologo n’ime steeti ndị dị na United States, nke ogologo ya dị ihe dịka maịl 1,350 (km 2,170), ma e wezụga ọtụtụ agwaetiti mgbochi ya. Ọ bụ naanị steeti dị n’akụkụ ma Gulf of Mexico ma Oké Osimiri Atlantic. N’ịbụ nke nwere ihe karịrị nde mmadụ 23 bi na ya, Florida bụ steeti nke atọ kachasị nwee ọnụ ọgụgụ mmadụ na United States. Mpaghara ya dị ihe dịka square miles 65,758 (km² 170,310), nke na-etinye ya n’ọnọdụ nke iri abụọ na abụọ n’etiti steeti niile. Mpaghara obodo ukwu Miami, nke gụnyere Miami, Fort Lauderdale, na West Palm Beach, bụ mpaghara obodo ukwu kachasị ukwuu na steeti ahụ, nke nwere ihe dị ka nde mmadụ 6.1 bi na ya. Jacksonville bụ obodo kachasị nwee ọnụ ọgụgụ mmadụ na Florida. Obodo ndị ọzọ a ma ama gụnyere Tampa, Orlando, Cape Coral, na isi obodo steeti ahụ, Tallahassee. ==Lee nke ozo== <ref name=USGS>{{cite web |url=https://egsc.usgs.gov/isb/pubs/booklets/elvadist/elvadist.html |title=Elevations and Distances in the United States |publisher=[[United States Geological Survey]] |year=2001 |access-date=October 21, 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111015012701/http://egsc.usgs.gov/isb/pubs/booklets/elvadist/elvadist.html |archive-date=October 15, 2011 }}</ref> * [[Njikota Obodo Amerika]] {{ÉdéNtạ}} [[Òtù:Flórídạ| ]] ht5b40ho0yjggplsmtmybna9dw7tzy6 3 5292 696417 696353 2026-08-02T14:22:17Z Pathoschild 155 global user pages ([[m:Synchbot|requested by Revi C.]]) 696417 wikitext text/x-wiki __NOINDEX__<div class="mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr">[[File:Revi logo (pink).png|thumb|center|<span style="color:red">PLEASE DO NOT LEAVE MESSAGE HERE!</span>]] '''<span style="color:red"> BEFORE YOU BLOCK MY ACCOUNT: IF MY EDIT SUMMARY INCLUDE PREFIX </span>''(Script)''<span style="color:red">, DON'T BLOCK ME, JUST TELL ME TO SLOW DOWN AT COMMONS' TALK PAGE. 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Messages left on this page may be reverted or moved without any response.</div> 5b8qtz4dnjnrhc9ts3mku14m3gujbq8 0 10895 696458 188992 2026-08-03T05:25:14Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 696458 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} {{Infobox university | name = Mahadum nke Ȯra Delta, Abraka | motto = ''Knowledge, Character and Service.'' | established = 1992 | type = Ọha | vice_chancellor = Andy Ogochukwu Egwunyenga<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://delsu.edu.ng/administration.aspx|title=Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria. Principal Officers|accessdate=2021-10-08|archivedate=2022-08-09|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220809082722/https://delsu.edu.ng/administration.aspx}}</ref> | city = Abraka | country = [[Naijiria]] | campus = Urban | nickname = Great Delsuites | website = https://www.delsu.edu.ng/ }} '''Mahadum nke Ȯra Delta, Abraka''' nke a na-akpọ '''DELSU''' bụ mahadum nwe obodo na [[Naịjirịa]] nke nwere nnukwu ụlọ akwụkwọ dị na Abraka, Delta State na ogige abụọ na Asaba, Delta na Oleh, Delta.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria. History|url=https://delsu.edu.ng/history.aspx|access-date=2021-06-02|website=delsu.edu.ng|accessdate=2021-10-08|archivedate=2021-10-08|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211008235428/https://delsu.edu.ng/history.aspx}}</ref> E guzobere ogige Oleh, Delta na Iwu E degharịrị 1995. Mahadum bụ otutu-kampos nwere ogige atọ n'ime anya dị ihe dị ka kilomita 200. Ugbu a, yana ọnụ ọgụgụ ụmụ akwụkwọ ruru 22,000 (na nnọkọ 2019/2020),<ref>{{Cite web|title=Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria. History|url=https://delsu.edu.ng/history.aspx#:~:text=Welcome%20To%20Delta%20State%20University,%20Abraka&text=Currently,%20with%20a%20student%20population,evening%20and%20weekend%20degree%20programmes.|access-date=2021-06-02|website=delsu.edu.ng|accessdate=2021-10-08|archivedate=2021-10-08|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211008235428/https://delsu.edu.ng/history.aspx#:~:text=Welcome%20To%20Delta%20State%20University,%20Abraka&text=Currently,%20with%20a%20student%20population,evening%20and%20weekend%20degree%20programmes.}}</ref> Mahadum ahụ na-enye ọtụtụ mmemme site na asambodo oge niile, diplọma na mmemme nzere ruo na mgbede nwa oge na mmemme ogo izu ụka.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Academy|first=Samphina|date=2019-04-13|title=Complete List of Courses Offered in Delta State University, Abraka (DELSU)|url=https://samphina.com.ng/delsu-delta-state-university-undergraduate-courses/|access-date=2021-06-02|website=Samphina Academy|language=en-US}}</ref> Mahadum ahụ na-enye Akwụkwọ diplọma ọmụmụ ihe ruo ọkwa doctoral. Ebe ndị ọrụ/ebe ndụmọdụ ụmụ akwụkwọ, ebe mmụta elektrọnik, ebe ụmụ akwụkwọ na akụrụngwa egwuregwu n'etiti ndị ọzọ dị maka ịkwado ọrụ. Ọ bụ otu n'ime mahadum steeti iri abụọ na ise nke 'Kọmitii Mahadum Mba' na-elekọta ma nabatakwa.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=delta state university|url=https://harjes.fr/8i2g7a/delta-state-university|access-date=2021-06-02|website=harjes.fr|accessdate=2021-10-08|archivedate=2021-06-03|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210603030801/https://harjes.fr/8i2g7a/delta-state-university}}</ref> ==Akụkọ ihe mere eme== Mahadum nke Ȯra Delta, Abraka ka edekọtara n'akụkọ ihe mere eme dị ka ebe agụmakwụkwọ. Ọ malitere dị ka kọleji Ọzụzụ Ndị Nkụzi Gọọmentị n'oge Obodo Naijiria chịrị na afọ ụfọdụ banye n'ọchịchị mgbe ọchịchị gachara.<ref>{{Cite web|title=delta state university|url=https://www.xo-autosport.com/uvewdvm8/delta-state-university|access-date=2021-06-02|website=www.xo-autosport.com|accessdate=2021-10-08|archivedate=2021-10-08|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211008235427/https://www.xo-autosport.com/uvewdvm8/delta-state-university}}</ref> Ọ ghọrọ kọleji agụmakwụkwọ nke enyere asambodo agụmakwụkwọ Naịjirịa (NCE) site na 1971 ruo 1985. Na 1981, o jikọrọ aka na Mahadum Benin, Benin City wee nye ya mmemme nzere site na 1981 ruo 1985 mgbe ọ ghọrọ ngalaba nkuzi nke Mahadum Bendel Steeti na nnukwu ogige ya na Ekpoma.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Delta State University (DELSU) Announces date for resumption - Opera News|url=https://ng.opera.news/ng/en/education/6b0fca29acf8a4fc34179728d685a89f|access-date=2021-06-02|website=ng.opera.news|accessdate=2021-10-08|archivedate=2021-10-08|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211008235425/https://ng.opera.news/ng/en/education/6b0fca29acf8a4fc34179728d685a89f}}</ref> Okike Edo Steeti na Delta Steeti na Ọgọstụ 1991 na ntụgharị nke nnukwu ụlọ akwụkwọ Mahadum nke Ȯra Bendel, Ekpoma ka ọ bụrụ Mahadum nke Ȯra Bendel na Disemba 1991, mere ka e guzobe mahadum steeti Delta, Abraka, onye isi ọchịchị steeti ahụ n'oge ahụ, Olorogun Felix Ibru na 30 Eprel 1992.<ref>{{Cite web|title=delta state university|url=http://www.csmarad.ro/ghsdk6u1/|access-date=2021-06-02|website=www.csmarad.ro|language=ro-RO}}</ref> Mahadum nke Ȯra Delta, Abraka bidoro na ngalaba nkuzi ise, ya bụ:<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-10-10|title=Delsu: Everything you need to Know|url=https://mydelsu.com/delsu-delta-state-university/|access-date=2021-06-02|website=myDelsu.com|language=en-US|accessdate=2021-10-08|archivedate=2021-10-08|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211008235426/https://mydelsu.com/delsu-delta-state-university/}}</ref> * Ngalaba Ọrụ Ugbo * Ngalaba Mmụta * Ngalaba nka * Ngalaba Sayensị * Ngalaba nke Nkà Mmụta Ọha. Na 1995, Gọọmentị Steeti wepụtara amụma inwe ogige atọ nke ekwesịrị ịgbasa n'ime mpaghara ndị omebe iwu atọ na steeti.<ref name=":0" /> N'iburu n'uche iwu a, e hiwere ogige atọ iji gụnye isi ụlọ akwụkwọ dị na Abraka, Anwai-Asaba Oleh na ogige.. ==Ogige ụlọ akwụkwọ== ===Ogige Abraka=== <ref>{{Cite web|title=Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria.|url=https://www.delsu.edu.ng/departments.aspx?dept=17|access-date=2021-06-02|website=www.delsu.edu.ng|accessdate=2021-10-08|archivedate=2024-06-18|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240618110740/https://www.delsu.edu.ng/departments.aspx?dept=17}}</ref> [[File:Adminblock.jpg|thumb|Administrative Structure, Abraka Campus]] * Ngalaba Mmụta * Ngalaba nka * Ngalaba sayensị * Ngalaba nke Nkà Mmụta Ọha * Ngalaba na-ere ọgwụ * Kọleji nke sayensị isi ahụike * Kọleji nke teknụzụ ahụike === OgigeAnwai-Asaba === <ref>{{Cite web|title=Delta State University (DELSU) Anwai Campus Asaba|url=https://www.nigeriagalleria.com/directory/listing/delta-state-university-delsu-anwai-campus-asaba/|access-date=2021-06-02|website=Directory & MarketPlace|language=en-US}}</ref> * Ngalaba Ọrụ Ugbo. * Ngalaba nke Njikwa Sayensị. * Ngalaba Mmụta Gburugburu Ebe obibi. === Ogige Oleh === <ref>{{Cite web|date=2016-02-03|title=Okowa urged not to scrap Oleh campus of DELSU|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2016/02/okowa-urged-not-to-scrap-oleh-campus-of-delsu/|access-date=2021-09-14|website=Vanguard News|language=en-US}}</ref> * Ngalaba Iwu * Ngalaba Injinia<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-03-15|title=Delta State University Dean Of Engineering Enmeshed In Financial Scandal Over Students' Dues|url=http://saharareporters.com/2021/03/15/delta-state-university-dean-engineering-enmeshed-financial-scandal-over-students-dues|access-date=2021-06-02|website=Sahara Reporters}}</ref> == Ụlọ ọrụ mmekọ == N'okpuru bụ ndepụta ụlọ ọrụ mmekọ nke Kọmitii Mahadum Mba (NUC) kwadoro..<ref>nuc.edu.ng/approved-affiliations</ref> * Kọleji nke Mmụta, Agbor * Kọleji nke Mmụta, Warri * Kọleji nke Mmụta, Mosogar == Ebensidee == {{reflist}} haqk0oezwoc0eq8sdv086d6udf72ma8 0 12684 696736 363764 2026-08-03T08:17:28Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 696736 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:William Hogarth - Portrait of Mary Edwards - WGA11461.jpg|thumb|Mary Edwards]] [[Usòrò:Miss Mary Edwards - Hogarth 1742.jpg|thumb|Mary Edwards ]] '''Mary Edwards nke Kensington''' (1704 – 23 Ọgọst 1743) bụ onye nketa ala bekee na onye nkwado nka nke ekwuru na ọ bụ nwanyị kacha baa ọgaranya na England. A kọrọ na ọ lụrụ di ma mesịa nwaa iwepụ ihe àmà ọ bụla nke ememe ahụ. Ya na Lord Anne Hamilton biri ọtụtụ afọ ma mụọ nwa, ma ọ lụrụ ọzọ, na-enweghị ịgba alụkwaghịm. == Ndụ == Na eleghị anya, a mụrụ Edwards na [[London]] n'ihe dị ka 1704 ma ọ bụ 1705. Nne ya sitere na ezi na ulo Dutch ndi kpochapuru fens na nna ya, Francis Edwards ( ''d'' . 1729), onye otu ndi ala, nwere ala na Leicestershire, Northamptonshire, London & Middlesex, Essex, Hertfordshire na Kent na o nwere. Ụgwọ nke ụlọ ọrụ New River Company na Islington. Nna ya nwụrụ na 1729 na ebe ọ bụ na ọ dịghị ọchịchọ ya, a ga-ahapụ akụ ya n'aka nwanyị di ya nwụrụ na nne ya Anna Margaretta Vernatti. Agbanyeghị, nne ya jụrụ nkwupụta ya wee nye Meri ala ahụ. Akụ̀ na ụba ya mgbe ọ dị ihe dị ka afọ 23 e mere atụmatụ dị n'agbata £50,000 na £60,000 (ihe dị ka £8m na 2021), nke mere Mary bụrụ nwanyị kasị baa ọgaranya na Britain. [[Usòrò:Edwards_Hamilton_family_on_a_Terrace_1734_by_William_Hogarth.jpg|áká_èkpè|thumb| "Ezinụlọ Edward Hamilton na Terrace", 1734 nke William Hogarth dere]] Ọ hụrụ Onyenwe anyị Anne Hamilton n'anya wee lụọ ya na ma ọ bụ tupu 1731, n'alụmdi na nwunye nzuzo nke ekwuru na ọ nọ n'ụlọ ekpere nke Fleet Prison . A kọrọ ya na The Gentleman's Magazine mana ihe ndekọ ụlọ ụka adịghị (ugbu a) gụnyere nkọwa na Mary Edwards kwadoro alụmdi na nwunye ahụ ma ọ dịghị mgbe ọ na-eji aha nna ya. Lord Anne weghaara aha na ogwe aka Mary Edwards dika Lord Anne Edwards Hamilton. N'afọ 1734, William Hogarth na nwa ha nwoke bụ Gerard Anne Edwards sere ihe osise ezinụlọ ha. <ref name="rehani">{{Cite web|url=https://www.paul-mellon-centre.ac.uk/about/news/focus-on-new-photography-the-edwards-hamilton-family-on-a-terrace-by-william-hogarth/news-category/publications/page/1|title=Focus on New Photography: The Edwards Hamilton Family on a Terrace by William Hogarth|author=Rehani|first=Maisoon|work=Paul Mellon Centre, Yale University|language=en|date=2 April 2015}}</ref> Ha mechara kewapụ n'ihi na Lord Anne na-emefu ego na akụ "nwunye" ya, Mary Edwards wee mee nzọụkwụ pụrụ iche nke ịjụ alụmdi na nwunye ya, kwupụta na ya bụ nwanyị na-alụbeghị di ma mee ihe iji mepụta ihe àmà na ọ dịghị alụmdi na nwunye mere. <ref>Sir James Balfour Paul, (1907) The Scots Peerage, Edinburgh: David Douglas, Vol IX "Hamilton, Duke of Hamilton" p 387</ref> Nwa ha, Gerard Anne Edwards, ghọrọ onye iwu na-akwadoghị, mana nke a dị ka emebere ya dịka baptism 1733 dekọtara aha nna ya dị ka Edwards na nne ya dị ka ndị na-alụbeghị di. <ref name="rehani" /> N'afọ 1742, Hogarth na-ese ya ọzọ - ihe osise a dị ugbu a na nchịkọta Frick . <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://collections.frick.org/objects/details/207/miss-mary-edwards|title=Miss Mary Edwards|work=collections.frick.org|language=en|accessdate=2020-03-21|archivedate=2019-10-25|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20191025145426/https://collections.frick.org/objects/details/207/miss-mary-edwards}}</ref> Eserese a na-egosipụta ọkwa Edwards na agwa siri ike; ọ na-eji ọtụtụ akara ngosi nke ike na-edobekarị maka eserese ụmụ nwoke. Ọ na-egosi akụ na ụba ya na ọtụtụ ola diamond, a na-egosi ya na nnukwu hound ịchụ nta kama ịbụ nwanyị lapdog dị ka nwanyị, na n'azụ bụ ihe osise nke Alfred the Great na Queen Elizabeth I, dị mkpa na akụkọ Bekee. Akwụkwọ dị n'azụ ya bụ nkwupụta ikike onye ọ bụla sitere na egwuregwu Joseph Addison 1712 Cato . <ref name="thorpe">{{Cite news|author=Thorpe|first=Vanessa|title=Rich, red and rare: Hogarth's lady back home after 100 years|work=The Guardian|date=5 September 2021|url=https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2021/sep/05/rich-red-and-rare-hogarths-lady-back-home-after-100-years}}</ref> Edwards nwere ezigbo enyi na Hogarth, ma nyekwa ụfọdụ ọrụ ya kacha mkpa. <ref name="thorpe" /> Ọ ghọrọ onye nkwado dị mkpa nke nka, na-emebi n'ụzọ kwekọrọ. <ref name="rehani" /> Mary Edwards nyere ọrụ Hogarth's 1733 ''Southwark Fair'', <ref name="thorpe" /> na eserese ya nke 1742 ''Taste in High Life'', nke na-eme ka ụdị ejiji dị oke egwu nke ụbọchị ahụ na oke ibu. N'October 1742 "di" ya lụrụ Anna Powell, ọ dịghịkwa ebubo bigamy. ODNB kwuru nke a dịka ihe akaebe na agbanyeghị na ya na Lord Anne Hamilton bi wee mụọ nwa, ha alụbeghị di na nwunye n'ụzọ iwu kwadoro. == Ọnwụ na ihe nketa == Edwards nwụrụ na Kensington na 1743 ma e liri ya ngwa ngwa mana n'akụkụ nna ya na St Andrews Church na Welham. Ọ kpachaara anya nke ukwuu na nkuzi nwa ya nwoke Gerard Anne Edwards (1734–1773), ma o bufere akụ ya niile nye ya. Na 1754 ọ lụrụ Lady Jane Noel, ada Baptist Noel, 4th Earl nke Gainsborough nke mbụ e kere. Ha bụ nne na nna Sir Gerard Noel, 2nd Baronet, nna nna nke Earls nke Gainsborough nke okike nke abụọ. == Ntụaka == <references /> {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] fs4eudwi5k3hur4gbwsm6mr92tmlcae 0 13366 696411 657191 2026-08-02T13:07:14Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 696411 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} {| class="infobox vcard" |+ class="infobox-title fn org" id="4" |The Israel Museum, Jerusalem | colspan="2" class="infobox-image" | |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-image" | |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-image" |<mapframe zoom="10" frameless="1" align="center" longitude="35.204524" latitude="31.772379" height="200" width="250">{"type":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":[35.204524,31.772379],"type":"Point"},"properties":{"marker-color":"#5E74F3","title":"Israel Museum","marker-symbol":"museum"}}</mapframe> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Established | class="infobox-data" |1965 |- class="adr" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Location | class="infobox-data locality" |[[Jerusalem]] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |[[Geographic coordinate system|Coordinates]] | class="infobox-data" |<templatestyles src="Module:Coordinates/styles.css"></templatestyles><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion">[//geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Israel_Museum&params=31.772379_N_35.204524_E_type:landmark <span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">31°46′21′′N</span></span> <span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="longitude">35°12′16′′E</span></span> / 31.772379°N 35.204524°E / 31.772379; 35.204524</span>]</span> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Ụdị | class="infobox-data" |Art na akụkọ ihe mere eme |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Ndị ọbịa | class="infobox-data" |Ihe karịrị 900,000<ref><cite class="citation pressrelease cs1"><span class="cx-segment" data-segmentid="300">[https://web.archive.org/web/20181105125548/http://www.english.imjnet.org.il/htmls/page_2748.aspx?c0=16098&bsp=12729 "Israel Museum Welcomes One Millionth Visitor Since Inauguration of Renewed Campus"] (Press release). </span><span class="cx-segment" data-segmentid="301">Israel Museum. </span><span class="cx-segment" data-segmentid="302">August 21, 2011. </span><span class="cx-segment" data-segmentid="303">Archived from [https://www.imj.org.il/en the original] on August 4, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. </span></span><span class="cx-segment" data-segmentid="304"><span class="reference-accessdate">Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 13,</span> 2012</span>.</span></cite></ref> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Onye isi | class="infobox-data agent" |Denis Weil - Onye isi |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ | class="infobox-data" |<span class="url">[http://www.imj.org.il/en/ www.imj.org.il/en/]</span> |} [[Usòrò:Israel_museum.JPG|thumb|Israel museum]] '''Ihe ngosi nka mba Israel''' (Hibru: *, ''Muze'on Yisrael'') bụ ihe ngosi nka na ihe mgbe ochie na [[Jerusalem]]. E guzobere ya n'afọ 1965 dị ka ụlọ ọrụ ọdịbendị kachasị ukwuu na nke kachasị elu n'Izrel, na otu n'ime ụlọ ngosi ihe mgbe ochie encyclopaedic nke ụwa. Ọ dị n'elu ugwu dị na Givat Ram agbata obi nke Jerusalem, n'akụkụ Bible Lands Museum, Knesset, Ụlọikpe Kasị Elu nke Israel, na Mahadum Hibru nke [[Jerusalem]]. Ihe onwunwe ya gụnyere nchịkọta zuru oke nke nkà mmụta ihe ochie nke Ala Nsọ, na nka na ndụ ndị Juu, yana ihe ndị dị ịrịba ama na ọtụtụ ihe na nka, nke ikpeazụ gụnyere ngalaba iri na otu dị iche iche: Israel Art, European Art, Modern Art, Contemporary Art, Prints and Drawings, Photography, Design and Architecture, Asian Art, African Art, Oceanic Art, na Arts of the Americas. Otu n'ime ihe ndị pụrụ iche a na-egosipụta bụ Venus nke Berekhat Ram, ime ụlọ nzukọ Zedek ve Shalom nke afọ 1736 si [[Suriname]], olu ndị nwunye [[Jew|ndị Juu]] na-eyi na Yemen, ebe ekpere ekpere Alakụba sitere na Peshia nke narị afọ nke iri na asaa, na ntu na-agba akaebe na a kpọgidere n'obe n'oge [[Jisọs Kraịst|Jizọs]].<ref name="nytimes.com">[https://www.nytimes.com/2012/07/14/arts/design/the-israel-museum-in-jerusalem-renewed.html?pagewanted=all&_r=0 A Haven National and Universal], [[New York Times]]</ref> Otu ụlọ dị ka akwa n'ala ụlọ ihe ngosi nka, Shrine of the Book, nwere Akwụkwọ Mpịakọta Osimiri Nwụrụ Anwụ na ihe ndị a chọtara na Masada. Ọ bụ otu n'ime ụlọ ngosi ihe mgbe ochie kachasị ukwuu na mpaghara ahụ. == Akụkọ ihe mere eme == [[Usòrò:Israel_museum_exterior.jpg|thumb|200x200px|Echiche nke ụlọ ngosi ihe mgbe ochie site na ọkwa elu ya, ya na ihe ọkpụkpụ Anish Kapoor]] Onye isi obodo Jerusalem bụ Teddy Kollek bụ mmụọ na-eduzi nguzobe nke Israel Museum, otu n'ime ụlọ ngosi nka na nkà mmụta ihe ochie na ụwa. Ụlọ ihe ngosi nka ahụ nwere ọrụ sitere na akụkọ ihe mere eme ruo taa na Archaeology, Fine Arts, na Jewish Art na Life Wings, ma gosipụta ọtụtụ ihe onwunwe nke Bible na Land of Israel archaeology.<ref name="nytimes.com"/> Kemgbe e guzobere ya n'afọ 1965, ụlọ ngosi ihe mgbe ochie ahụ ewulitela nchịkọta ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ihe 500,000, na-anọchite anya ọtụtụ ihe ngosi nke ọdịbendị ihe onwunwe ụwa.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.imj.org.il//imagine/collections/index.asp|title=Search the Israel Museum Collections|publisher=Imj.org.il|accessdate=2012-09-19}}</ref> N'ọnwa Ọktoba 25, 2017, a họpụtara Prof. Ido Bruno ka ọ bụrụ onye isi nke mba Israel Museum na Jerusalem dị ka Anne na Jerome Fisher Director. Bruno jere ozi dị ka prọfesọ na Ngalaba Mmepụta Ụlọ Ọrụ nke Bezalel Academy of Arts & Design, Jerusalem. Ọ na-eweta ọtụtụ iri afọ nke ahụmịhe dị ka onye nlekọta na onye na-emepụta ihe ngosi ndị e gosipụtara na Israel na n'ụwa niile na-elekwasị anya na nka, nkà mmụta ihe ochie, sayensị, na akụkọ ihe mere eme. Ndị isi ụlọ ihe ngosi nka ahụ, nke Isaac Molho bụ onye isi oche, họpụtara ya n'otu olu, na-esote usoro nyocha na nyocha nke ndị na-azọ ọkwa site na Israel na mba ofesi. Bruno weghaara ọkwa ya na ụlọ ngosi ihe mgbe ochie n'ọnwa Nọvemba n'afọ 2017.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.jpost.com/Israel-News/Culture/Israel-Museum-announces-new-director-508395|title=Israel Museum names new director|publisher=Jerusalem Post|date=2017-10-25}}</ref> Denis Weil, onye bụbu Dean nke Institute of Design na Illinois Institute of Technology, ghọrọ Museum Director n'ọnwa Machị afọ 2020.<ref>[https://www.timesofisrael.com/israel-museum-appoints-denis-weil-director-following-extensive-search Times of Israel], "Israel Museum appoints Denis Weil director", Jessica Steinberg, 15 December 2021</ref> Site n'afọ 1965, e debere ụlọ ngosi ihe mgbe ochie ahụ n'ime ọtụtụ ụlọ ndị e ji wuo nke onye Israel amụrụ na Russia bụ Alfred Mansfeld mere. Mgbasa ozi nde $ 100 iji rụzigharịa ụlọ ngosi ihe mgbe ochie ahụ ma mee ka ohere ụlọ ya okpukpu abụọ bụ nke ndị Israel na-ewu ụlọ Efrat-Kowalsky Architects rụchara ụlọ ndị dị ugbu a n'ọnwa Julaị afọ 2010.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.archdaily.com/373684/israel-museum-james-carpenter-design-associates|title=Israel Museum / James Carpenter Design Associates + Efrat Kowalsky Architects|work=[[Arch Daily]]|date=May 18, 2013|accessdate=April 30, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2010/07/21/arts/design/21museum.html|title=Cleaning Up Intersection of Ancient and Modern|work=[[The New York Times]]|author=Bronner|first=Ethan|date=July 20, 2010|accessdate=December 14, 2010}}</ref> E wughachiri nku maka nkà mmụta ihe ochie, nka, na nka na ndụ ndị Juu kpamkpam ma jikọta ụlọ ndị mbụ ahụ site na ụlọ mbata ọhụrụ. Ọ bụ James Carpenter mere ụzọ ndị jikọtara n'etiti ụlọ ndị ahụ na ụlọ ọhụrụ ise.<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/2010/08/01/arts/design/01carpenter.html?pagewanted=all Transparency Is Only the Beginning], [[New York Times]]</ref> [[Usòrò:Heliodorus_Stele_3.jpg|thumb|267x267px|Heliodorus Stele]] == Archaeology Wing == Samuel na Saidye Bronfman Archaeology Wing na-akọ akụkọ banyere Ala Israel oge ochie, ebe obibi nke ndị nwere ọdịbendị na okwukwe dị iche iche, na-eji ihe atụ pụrụ iche sitere na nchịkọta ihe ngosi nka nke ihe ochie nke Ala Nsọ, nke kachasị n'ụwa. A haziri ya n'usoro oge, site na akụkọ ihe mere eme site na Alaeze Ukwu Ottoman, nku a gbanwere na-egosi "isiakwụkwọ asaa nke akụkọ ihe mgbe ochie a, na-ejikọta ihe omume akụkọ ihe mere eme dị mkpa, ihe omume ọdịbendị, na ọganihu teknụzụ, ebe ọ na-enye ọhụụ n'ime ndụ kwa ụbọchị nke ndị mpaghara ahụ. A na-agbakwunye akụkọ a site na nchịkọta isiokwu na-egosipụta akụkụ nke nkà mmụta ihe ochie nke Israel oge ochie nke pụrụ iche na akụkọ ihe mere eme nke mpaghara ahụ, n'etiti ha bụ edemede Hibru, iko, na mkpụrụ ego. Akụ̀ ndị sitere na ọdịbendị ndị agbata obi nke nwere mmetụta dị oke mkpa na Ala Israel - dịka mba [[Egypt|Ijipt]], Near East, [[Greece|Gris]] na [[Italy|Ịtali]], na ụwa Alakụba - na-ele anya n'akụkụ ma na-ejikọta ụlọ ngosi. Ụlọ ihe ngosi pụrụ iche n'ọnụ ụzọ nku ahụ na-egosi nchọpụta ọhụrụ na ihe ngosi ngosi ndị ọzọ na-adịru nwa oge. [[Usòrò:Wooden_Coffin_-_the_Israel_Museum.jpg|thumb|Igbe olili ozu osisi mara mma, nke dị na Israel Museum]] Ihe ndị dị mkpa a na-ele anya gụnyere Nkume Paịlet, ihe odide "Ụlọ Devid" (narị afọ nke itoolu BCE), ihe ngosi atụnyere nke ụlọ arụsị abụọ (narị afọ nke asatọ na asaa BCE); Heliodorus Stele (178 BCE), ụlọ ịsa ahụ eze Herodian (narị afọ nke mbụ BCE); Mmeri Hadrian: ihe odide sitere na okpokoro mmeri (136 CE), Mosaic nke Rehob (narị afọ nke atọ CE) na ntọala iko ọla edo sitere na catacombs ndị Rom (narị afọ nke anọ CE); na Ossuary nke Jizọs nwa Josef.<ref name="commons.wikimedia.org">{{Cite web|url=http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:IMJ_BACKGROUND_-_Institution_and_Collections.doc.pdf|title=About The Israel Museum, Jerusalem|publisher=Israel Museum, Jerusalem|accessdate=January 1, 2012}}</ref> == Ebe nchụ aja Akwụkwọ (Shrine of the Book) == [[Usòrò:Billy_Rose_Art_Garden_(14755133799).jpg|thumb|Shrine nke Akwụkwọ]] Ebe nsọ nke Akwụkwọ ahụ nwere Akwụkwọ Mpịakọta Osimiri Nwụrụ Anwụ, ihe odide Bible kachasị ochie n'ụwa, yana ihe odide Bible ndị na-adịghị ahụkebe n'oge ochie. Achọpụtara akwụkwọ mpịakọta ndị ahụ n'afọ 1947–56 n'ime ọgba iri na otu na gburugburu Wadi Qumran. Usoro atụmatụ zuru oke nke afọ asaa mere ka e wuo ụlọ ahụ n'ikpeazụ n'afọ 1965. Nke a bụ nke ezinụlọ David Samuel Gottesman, onye Hungary si mba ọzọ, onye ọrụ ebere nke zụtara akwụkwọ mpịakọta ndị ahụ dị ka onyinye nye Steeti Israel.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1997/10/02/nyregion/esther-g-gottesman-98-zionist-with-role-in-scrolls-acquisition.html|title=Esther G. Gottesman, 98, Zionist With Role in Scrolls Acquisition|author=Nemy|first=Enid|work=The New York Times|date=October 2, 1997|accessdate=May 6, 2009}}</ref> Ụlọ ahụ nwere dome ọcha n'elu ụlọ dị ụzọ abụọ n'ụzọ atọ n'okpuru ala. A na-egosipụta dome ahụ na ọdọ mmiri nke gbara ya gburugburu. N'ofe dome ọcha bụ mgbidi basalt ojii.<ref name="architect">{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2001/08/19/arts/art-architecture-a-surrealist-and-the-widow-who-keeps-the-flame.html?sec=&spon=&pagewanted=2|title=A Surrealist And the Widow Who Keeps The Flame|author=Muschamp|first=Herbert|work=The New York Times|date=August 19, 2001|accessdate=May 6, 2009}}</ref> Agba na ọdịdị nke ụlọ ahụ dabere na ihe osise nke akwụkwọ mpịakọta nke ''Agha nke Ụmụ'' Ìhè megide Ụmụ Ọchịchịrị; dome ọcha na-anọchi anya Ụmụ nke Ìhè na mgbidi ojii na-anọchi anya Ụmụ Ọchịchịrị. E mere ime ụlọ nsọ ahụ iji gosipụta gburugburu ebe a hụrụ akwụkwọ mpịakọta ndị ahụ.<ref name="im">{{Cite web|url=http://www.sacred-destinations.com/israel/jerusalem-israel-museum.htm|title=Israel Museum, Jerusalem|publisher=Sacred Destinations|accessdate=May 6, 2009|archivedate=February 16, 2009|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090216113921/http://www.sacred-destinations.com/israel/jerusalem-israel-museum.htm}}</ref> E nwekwara ihe ngosi na-adịgide adịgide na ndụ na Qumran, ebe e dere akwụkwọ mpịakọta ndị ahụ.<ref name="im" /> E mere ihe owuwu ahụ dum ka o yie ite ebe a hụrụ akwụkwọ mpịakọta ndị ahụ.<ref name="architect" /> Ọ bụ Armand Bartos na Frederick Kiesler mere ụlọ nsọ ahụ, ma mepee ya n'afọ 1965.<ref name="architect" /> Dị ka adịghị ike nke akwụkwọ mpịakọta na-eme ka ọ ghara ikwe omume igosipụta ha niile na-aga n'ihu, a na-eji usoro ntụgharị. Mgbe e gosipụtachara akwụkwọ mpịakọta ruo ọnwa 3-6, a na-ewepụ ya na ihe ngosi ya ma tinye ya nwa oge n'ime ụlọ nkwakọba ihe pụrụ iche, ebe ọ "na-ezu ike" site na ikpughe. Ihe ngosi nka ahụ nwekwara ihe odide oge ochie ndị ọzọ na-adịghị ahụkebe ma gosipụta Aleppo Codex, nke sitere na narị afọ nke iri ma kwenyere na ọ bụ codex Bible kasị ochie n'asụsụ Hibru.<ref name="im"/> == Ihe nlereanya ụlọ nsọ nke abụọ == [[Usòrò:Jerusalem_Modell_BW_2.JPG|thumb|Ihe nlereanya ụlọ nsọ nke abụọ na Israel Museum]] N'akụkụ ụlọ nsọ ahụ bụ Model of Jerusalem na oge ụlọ nsọ nke abụọ, nke na-ewughachi ọdịdị ala na ụkpụrụ ụlọ nke obodo ahụ dị ka ọ dị tupu ndị Rom ebibie ya na 66 CE, ma na-enye akụkọ ihe mere eme na ngosi nke Shrine nke Akwụkwọ Mpịakọta Osimiri Nwụrụ Anwụ. Na mbụ e wuru ya n'ala ụlọ nkwari akụ Holyland nke Jerusalem, ihe nlereanya ahụ, nke gụnyere ihe atụ nke ụlọ nsọ Herọd, bụzi ihe na-adịgide adịgide nke ụlọ ngosi ihe mgbe ochie ahụ dị 20-acre (81,000 m2).<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.huliq.com/2430/model-of-jerusalem-from-the-late-second-temple-era|title=Model of Jerusalem from the late second Temple era|publisher=Huliq News|accessdate=May 6, 2009|date=2006-12-19}}</ref> == Mpaghara Fine Arts == Edmond na Lily Safra Fine Arts Wing na-egosipụta ọdịdị dịgasị iche iche, nke nchịkọta ihe ngosi nka, na-agụnye ọrụ nka site n'oge dị iche iche na ọdịbendị ọdịda anyanwụ na nke na-abụghị ọdịda anyanwụ. A hazigharịrị nku ahụ iji gosipụta njikọ dị n'etiti ọrụ sitere na nchịkọta nlekọta ya dị iche iche, nke gụnyere European Art, Modern Art, Contemporary Art, Israel Art, Arts of Africa, Oceania, na America, Asian Art, Photography, Design and Architecture, na Prints and Drawings. A na-ahazi nrụnye iji gosipụta mmekọrịta ọhụụ na isiokwu ndị a na-ekerịta ma kpalie nghọta ọhụrụ banyere nka nke oge na ebe dị iche iche, yana ekele maka eriri nkịtị nke ọdịbendị mmadụ. Ogwe ahụ a rụgharịrị na-agụnye ụlọ ngosi ihe mgbe ochie mbụ na-adịgide adịgide maka nka Israel, ihe karịrị okpukpu abụọ nke ohere maka nchịkọta ihe ngosi nka dị ukwuu na nka nke oge a, na-enye ebe njikọ bara uru n'etiti ọdịda anyanwụ na ndị na-abụghị ọdịda anyanwụ, na ala ụlọ ngosi zuru ezu 2,200-square-mita (7,200-square-foot) nke a raara nye iji gbanwee ngosipụta site na nchịkọta ihe ngosi nka nke oge a. Ihe ndị pụtara ìhè na-ele anya ọhụrụ gụnyere The Noel and Harriette Levine Photography Collection, The Jacques Lipchitz Collection, Gustave Courbet, ''Jura Landscape'' with Shepherd and Donkey (ca. 1866), Alberto Giacometti, Alfred Barye, ''Diego'' in the Studio (1952), Ohad Meromi, na The Boy from South Tel Aviv (2001).<ref name="commons.wikimedia.org"/> === Ǹkà European, Modern, na Israel === [[Usòrò:Peter_Paul_Rubens,_The_Death_of_Adonis,_ca._1614._The_Israel_Museum,_Jerusalem.jpg|thumb|''Ọnwụ'' Adonis, ca. 1614 nke Peter Paul Rubens dere]] Ụlọ ihe ngosi nka nke Israel nwere nnukwu nchịkọta eserese na-anọchite anya ọtụtụ oge, ụdị, isiokwu, na mpaghara mmalite. Ndị na-ese ihe na nchịkọta ahụ gụnyere ndị mba ụwa dị ka Rembrandt na Camille Pissarro yana ndị Israel na ndị Juu na-ese ihe dị ka Marc Chagall, Abel Pann, na Reuven Rubin.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Impressionist and Post-Impressionist Painting and Sculpture in the Israel Museum, Jerusalem|first=Stephanie|author=Rachum|publisher=Harry N. Abrams|date=November 1, 2006|isbn=978-0-8109-5738-1}}</ref> Nkwenye nke Israel Museum maka nka Israel bụ isi ihe dị mkpa na ọrụ ya. Dị ka ụlọ ngosi ihe mgbe ochie nke mba ahụ, ọ na-arụ ọrụ dị ukwuu n'ichekwa ihe nketa nka nke Israel site n'ịchịkọta ọrụ nke ndị na-ese ihe n'Izrel - na mba ofesi - na site n'ịgba ndị na-ese ihe n'Izrel ume ịzụlite n'ọrụ ha. Nchịkọta ihe ngosi nka nke Israel na-agafe ngwụsị narị afọ nke iri na itoolu ruo taa, ọ na-egosipụtakwa mgbanwe nke akụkọ ọdịbendị Israel na nka ọhụụ. Ụlọ ọrụ Ozi maka nka Israel na-enye ndị ọkà mmụta na ọha na eze ozi nchekwa zuru oke banyere ọtụtụ puku ndị na-ese ihe n'Izrel, gụnyere ihe ndekọ akụkọ ndụ, ihe mgbasa ozi, vidiyo, foto, na ụdị akwụkwọ ndị ọzọ. == Mpaghara Mandel maka nka na ndụ ndị Juu == Ihe onwunwe nke Jack, Joseph, na Morton Mandel Wing maka nka na ndụ ndị Juu na-anọchite anya ọdịbendị okpukpe na nke ụwa nke obodo ndị Juu n'ụwa niile, na-agafe ọtụtụ narị afọ site na Middle Ages ruo taa. Nchịkọta ahụ na-egosipụta omimi na ịma mma nke ihe nketa ndị Juu na okike yana mmetụta mara mma na ụdị nke ọdịbendị ndị ọzọ n'ebe ndị Juu bi. A pụrụ ịchọta mmalite nke nchịkọta ahụ na mmalite narị afọ nke iri abụọ site na nguzobe nke Bezalel National Museum n'okpuru nduzi nke Mordechai Narkiss, bụ onye gbasaa nchịkọta nke ihe eji eme emume site na akụ dị mkpa a napụtara n'etiti agha ụwa abụọ na mgbe Oké Mgbukpọ ahụ gasịrị. Ka oge na-aga, e jikọtara akụ a na Israel Museum nke e guzobere ọhụrụ n'afọ 1965 n'ime ngalaba nke Jewish Art na nke Jewish Ethnography. N'afọ 1995, e jikọtara ha n'otu akụkụ ọhụrụ nwere onwe ha. Kemgbe ọtụtụ afọ, e wusiri ikike nke nku ahụ ike site na onyinye na nnweta nke ihe n'otu n'otu, onyinye nke nchịkọta onwe onye, na ọrụ ubi n'ime obodo dị n'Izrel na mba ofesi. Nchịkọta ndị a ma ama nke nku ahụ bụ Stieglitz Collection na Feuchtwanger Collection maka ihe emume ndị Juu, ihe ịchọ mma akwụkwọ mpịakọta Torah, na ihe ndị na-eme ndụ, yana Schulmann Collection na Rathjens Collection maka omenala ihe onwunwe nke North Africa na Yemenite, uwe, ọla na ihe emume. Nchịkọta nku ahụ nwere ọtụtụ akụ pụrụ iche, n'etiti ha, bụ ihe odide ndị na-adịghị ahụkebe, ime ụlọ nzukọ anọ e wughachiri, ọtụtụ ihe dị iche iche nke ememe na emume, yana ọdịbendị dị iche iche gụnyere uwe, ọla, na ihe ndị a na-eme kwa ụbọchị. N'ihe ngosi ọhụrụ na-adịgide adịgide, a na-ejikọta ihe ndị dị mkpa sitere na nchịkọta a dị ukwuu site n'aka ọha na eze na mpaghara nkeonwe, n'ime akụkọ dị iche iche. Ngosipụta atụnyere a na-enyocha akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ihe na ọnọdụ mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya nke e ji ha mee ihe mgbe ha na-egosipụta àgwà ha mara mma na mmetụta uche ha. Ọ na-egosipụta tapestry ọdịbendị doro anya nke na-ejikọta onye ọ bụla na obodo, ihe dị nsọ na nke ụwa, ihe nketa nke oge gara aga na ihe okike nke ugbu a. Isi okwu ise na-apụta ka ị na-agagharị na gallery: * Ndanuusoro Ndụ: Ọmụmụ, Agbamakwụkwọ, Ọnwụ - na-egosipụta ịdị n'otu nke ọṅụ na mwute, ndụ, na ọnwụ, ncheta na olileanya na nke ọ bụla n'ime oge ndị a na usoro ndụ. * Inye ihe odide ahụ ìhè - ihe ngosi sitere na nchịkọta anyị nke ihe odide Hibru ndị na-adịghị ahụkebe nke oge ochie na Renaissance, '''na-enye''' ìhè na akụkọ ihe mere eme ha ma na-ekpughe nka ha. * Ụzọ ụlọ nzukọ: Ịdị nsọ na ịma mma - Ime ụlọ nzukọ anọ e weghachiri eweghachi site na Europe, Eshia, na America, tinyere ihe ịchọ mma akwụkwọ mpịakọta Torah, na-egosi ịdị n'otu na ọdịiche dị iche iche nke ụlọ [[Judaism|okpukpe ndị Juu]] na ihe emume. * Okirikiri nke Afọ Ndị Juu - Ịdị nsọ nke Ụbọchị Izu Ike na ememe ọdịnala nke ezumike okpukpe, yana ncheta ọhụrụ nke ụbọchị pụrụ iche na Steeti Israel, emeela ka akụnụba nke ihe ndị a rụrụ nke ọma na ihe osise ndị a na-echepụta echiche. * Ejiji na ọla: Ihe gbasara njirimara - gburugburu ebe obibi, omenala, na iwu okpukpe niile na-arụ ọrụ ha n'ịmepụta ụdị ejiji ndị Juu na ọla ndị Juu sitere n'Ebe Ọwụwa Anyanwụ na Ọdịda Anyanwụ nke e gosipụtara ebe a. === Isidore na Anne Falk Information Center for Jewish Art and Life === Ụlọ Ọrụ Ozi nwere ọbá akwụkwọ nyocha na nchịkọta nchekwa pụrụ iche, na-eto mgbe niile, nke ihe dị ka puku foto iri abụọ. Ọtụtụ n'ime ha dị oke ụkọ, na-edekọ ndụ kwa ụbọchị nke obodo ndị Juu gburugburu ụwa, ụfọdụ adịkwaghị, gụnyere ihe oyiyi nke ụlọ nzukọ, ili ozu, ihe emume na ọtụtụ isiokwu ndị ọzọ. Ụlọ ọrụ ozi ahụ na-enye ohere ịnweta ihe onwunwe nke nchịkọta yana njem nlegharị anya na ihe ngosi mbụ iji gbasaa ma mee ka ihe ọmụma dị omimi n'azụ ihe ndị dị na nchịkọta nku. == Ogige nka == [[Usòrò:Henry_Moore-A_Woman-Israel_Museum.jpg|thumb|''A Woman'' nke Henry Moore]] [[Usòrò:Ahava.jpg|thumb|Ihe ọkpụkpụ <nowiki><i id="mw5A">ịhụnanya</i></nowiki> nke Robert Indiana]] Ogige Billy Rose Art bụ ogige 20-dunam nke nwere ihe ọkpụkpụ ọgbara ọhụrụ na nke a na-adịghị ahụ anya. Ogige ahụ, nke onye Japan-American sculptor Isamu Noguchi mere maka ogige mbụ, a na-agụ ya n'etiti ntọala ọkpụkpụ kachasị mma n'èzí nke narị afọ nke iri abụọ. Ala ọwụwa anyanwụ jikọtara ya na ugwu Jerusalem oge ochie, ogige ahụ na-eje ozi dị ka azụ maka ngosipụta nke Israel Museum nke mgbanwe nke ọdịnala ọkpụkpụ nke ọdịda anyanwụ nke oge a. N'ile anya bụ ọrụ nke ndị nna ukwu nke oge a gụnyere Jacques Lipchitz, Henry Moore, Claes Oldenburg, Pablo Picasso, Auguste Rodin, na David Smith, tinyere ọrụ ndị na-adịbeghị anya site n'aka ndị na-ese ihe dị ka Magdalena Abakanowicz, Mark Dion, James Turrell, na Micha Ullman.<ref name="commons.wikimedia.org"/> == Ndị Ntorobịa == E mepere Ruth Youth Wing for Art Education n'afọ 1966. Ọ bụ ihe pụrụ iche na nha ya na oke ọrụ ya, na-enye ọtụtụ mmemme nye ihe karịrị ụmụ akwụkwọ 100,000 kwa afọ, ma gosipụta ebe ngosi ngosi, ụlọ ọrụ nka, ụlọ klas, ọbá akwụkwọ nke akwụkwọ ụmụaka nwere ihe osise, na ụlọ imegharị ihe. Mmemme pụrụ iche na-akwalite nghọta ọdịbendị n'etiti ụmụ akwụkwọ Arab na ndị Juu ma na-eru ọtụtụ obodo Israel. Ogwe ahụ na-ejikọta ihe osise mbụ kwa afọ nke ndị Israel na ndị na-ese ihe na mba ụwa, na ọrụ agụmakwụkwọ. E nwekwara ọmụmụ ihe dị iche iche maka ụmụaka na ndị okenye.<ref>{{Cite web|title=The Israel Museum, Jerusalem|publisher=Israel Travel Center|url=http://www.israel-travel-center.com/attractions_israel-mseuml.html|accessdate=May 6, 2009|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090618220731/http://www.israel-travel-center.com/Attractions_Israel-mseuml.html|archivedate=June 18, 2009}}</ref> == Rockefeller Archaeological Museum na ụlọ Ticho == Na mgbakwunye na mmemme sara mbara nke a na-enye na campus ya, Israel Museum na-arụkwa ọrụ ebe abụọ na-anọghị na saịtị: Rockefeller Archaeological Museum nke mepere n'afọ 1938 maka ngosipụta nke ihe ndị e gwupụtara n'ụzọ dị ukwuu na ihe ndị e gwupụtara na Mandatory Palestine, n'afọ 1920s nakwa n'afọ 1930s; na Ticho House, nke na-enye usoro ihe ngosi na-aga n'ihu nke ndị na-eto eto na-ese ihe n'Izrel na ụlọ akụkọ ihe mere eme na ogige.<ref name="rm">{{Cite web|title=Rockefeller Archaeological Museum|url=http://www.english.imjnet.org.il/htmls/page_1684.aspx?c0=15160&bsp=14162|publisher=The Israel Museum|accessdate=2012-07-29|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120729084713/http://www.english.imjnet.org.il/htmls/page_1684.aspx?c0=15160&bsp=14162|archivedate=2012-07-29}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Ticho House|url=http://www.english.imjnet.org.il/htmls/page_1712.aspx?c0=15183&bsp=14296|publisher=The Israel Museum|accessdate=2012-01-09|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120120141726/http://www.english.imjnet.org.il/htmls/page_1712.aspx?c0=15183&bsp=14296|archivedate=2012-01-20}}</ref> == Nchịkwa == === Ego === Ebe nka mba Israel na-enweta naanị 10% ruo 12% nke mmefu ego ya site na steeti na obodo. Gọọmentị mba Israel na-enye ego dịgasị iche iche kwa afọ. Ụlọ ọrụ ahụ ga-ebuli 88% nke mmefu ego ya na-arụ ọrụ kwa afọ, onyinye ya niile ruru nde $ 200 na nde $ 100 maka ọrụ isi obodo ya na nso nso a, ebe ọ na-akwụ 17.5% VAT yana ụtụ isi ụlọ na ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ.<ref>Robin Pogrebin (February 28, 2016), [https://www.nytimes.com/2016/02/29/arts/design/israel-museums-director-to-make-way-for-successor.html Israel Museum’s Director to Make Way for Successor] ''[[New York Times]]''.</ref><ref name="artinfo1">Rachel Somerstein (February 16, 2010), [http://www.artinfo.com/news/story/33815/better-than-bilbao/ Better than Bilbao?] </ref> Ndị kachasị arụsi ọrụ ike n'ime ndị otu nkwado mba ụwa nke ụlọ ngosi ihe mgbe ochie ahụ, ndị enyi America nke Israel Museum, zụlitere nde $ 270 na ego, nke nde $ 47 bụ ego onyinye, ma nye nde $ 210 na nka site n'afọ 1972 ruo afọ 2008. N'afọ 2009, Israel Museum natara nde $ 12 site n'aka Edmond J. Safra Philanthropic Foundation, maka nrụzigharị, mweghachi, na onyinye nke nku nka ya, nke a ga-akpọ aha Edmond na Lily Safra.<ref>Charmaine Picard (May 20, 2009), [https://web.archive.org/web/20090522125800/http://www.theartnewspaper.com/article.asp?id=17337 Israel Museum receives $12m from Safra foundation] ''[[The Art Newspaper]]''.</ref> === Ndị bịaranụ === Ka ọ na-erule afọ 2012, ndị bịaranụ dị ihe dị ka 827,000 kwa afọ.<ref name="AN">{{Cite web|url=http://www.theartnewspaper.com/attfig/attfig12.pdf|title=Visitor Figures 2012|publisher=[[The Art Newspaper]]|date=April 2013|accessdate=8 April 2013|archivedate=2 January 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150102172933/http://www.theartnewspaper.com/attfig/attfig12.pdf}}</ref> == Ihe nrite nke ụlọ ihe ngosi nka nyere == Otu n'ime ihe nrite ndị ụlọ ngosi ihe mgbe ochie ahụ nyere bụ Jesselson Prize for Contemporary Judaica Design, nke na-amata atụmatụ pụtara ìhè nke ihe emume ndị Juu.<ref name="Allen">{{Cite news|author=Fern|first=Allen|title=Kol HaOt Illuminated Haggada Fair|url=http://www.jpost.com/Arts-and-Culture/Arts/Kol-HaOt-Illuminated-Haggada-Fair-348385|accessdate=16 March 2015|publisher=Jerusalem Post|date=13 April 2014}}</ref> Ndị meriri gụnyere Moshe Zabari (1990).<ref name="Ronnen">{{Cite news|author=Ronnen|first=Meir|title=Sandberg Rrize for Gabi Klasmer|publisher=[[Jerusalem Post]]|date=6 September 1990}}</ref> == Ndị ọrụ a ma ama == * Dov Gottesman * Nissan N. Perez * Yigal Zalmona * Haim Gitler == Leekwa == * Akwụkwọ mpịakọta Aịsaịa == Ịgụgụ ọzọ == * The Jewish Wardrobe: From the Collection of the Israel Museum, Jerusalem, Concept and Project Director: Daisy Raccah-Djivre, Editor: Dr. Esther Juhasz, Associate Editor: No'am Bar'am-Ben-Yossef, The Israel Museum, Jerusalem, and 5 Continents Edition, Milan, 2012. * Benjamin, Chaya, Early Israel Arts and Crafts: Bezalel Treasures from the Alan B. Slifka Collection in the Israel Museum, The Israel Museum, Jerusalem 2008. * Benjamin, Chaya, The Stieglitz Collection: Masterpieces of Jewish Art, The Israel Museum 1987. * Shachar, Isaiah, ọdịnala ndị Juu na nka; The Feuchtwanger collection of Judaica, The Israel Museum, Jerusalem 1971. == Ebensidee == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 41qly9467abpeb89gtpjwsalo7tia41 0 14351 696439 396257 2026-08-02T22:17:34Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 696439 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Category:Articles with short description]] [[Category:Short description is different from Wikidata]] [[Category:Articles with hCards]] [[Category:Pages using infobox musical artist with associated acts]] '''Brian Ouko Omollo''', (a mụrụ n'ụbọchị nke 12 n'ọnwa Juun n'afọ 1990) nke a maara nke ọma site na aha ya bụ '''Khaligraph Jones''' ma na-akpọkarị ya '''Papa Jones''', bụ onye Kenya na-eti egwu nke a maara maka egwu ya "Mazishi" na "Yego".<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-11-24|title=Khaligraph Jones Biography, Age, Wife, Songs, History, Career|url=https://ralingo.com/khaligraph-jones-biography-age-wife-songs-history-career/|accessdate=2021-04-05|work=RALINGO|language=en-US|archivedate=2022-05-17|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220517142003/https://ralingo.com/khaligraph-jones-biography-age-wife-songs-history-career/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=Oduku|first=Richard|date=2020-03-20|title=RICHARD ODUKU - Khaligraph Jones and Emerging Hip Hop Futures in Kenya {{!}} The Elephant|url=https://www.theelephant.info/culture/2020/03/20/khaligraph-jones-and-emerging-hip-hop-futures-in-kenya/|accessdate=2021-04-05|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=Khaligraph Jones: How I made it in hip hop|language=en-GB|work=BBC News|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/av/world-africa-45686245|accessdate=2021-04-05}}</ref>O weputara abọm izizi ya zuru oke nke akpọrọ Testimony 1990 n'ọnwa Juun n'afọ 2018.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2018-06-19|title=REVIEW: Khaligraph Jones Debut Album 'Testimony 1990'|url=https://www.kenyanvibe.com/review-khaligraph-jones-debut-album-testimony-1990/|accessdate=2021-04-05|work=KenyanVibe|language=en-US}}</ref> == Mmalite ndụ == A mụrụ Jones ma zụlite ya na Kayole, agbata obi dị na Nairobi, Kenya.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Khaligraph Jones opens up about making ends meet and his days as a bouncer – The Sauce|url=https://www.capitalfm.co.ke/thesauce/khaligraph-jones-opens-up-about-making-ends-meet-and-his-days-as-a-bouncer/|accessdate=2021-04-05|work=www.capitalfm.co.ke|archivedate=2020-05-14|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200514151445/https://www.capitalfm.co.ke/thesauce/khaligraph-jones-opens-up-about-making-ends-meet-and-his-days-as-a-bouncer/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Khaligraph Jones {{!}} Biography & History|url=https://www.allmusic.com/artist/khaligraph-jones-mn0003965985/biography|accessdate=2021-04-05|work=AllMusic|language=en}}</ref> Nne ya nyere ya aha Ouko Robert iji kwanyere onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Kenya nwụrụ anwụ bụ Dr. Robert Ouko, onye e gburu na ụbọchị 13 n'ọnwa Febụwarị nke afọ 1990.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Biography: Khaligraph Jones; Family, Wife, Music and Awards|url=https://www.pulselive.co.ke/entertainment/celebrities/biography-khaligraph-jones-family-wife-music-and-awards/t9c523d.amp|accessdate=2021-04-05|work=www.pulselive.co.ke}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=Enock|first=Sir|date=2021-02-08|title=Khaligraph Jones biography, age, family, hip hop songs, wife Georgina Muteti, awards, net worth|url=https://kisiifinest.co.ke/khaligraph-jones-biography|accessdate=2021-04-05|work=KISII FINEST|language=en-US|archivedate=2021-02-27|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210227063110/https://kisiifinest.co.ke/khaligraph-jones-biography}}</ref> == Ọrụ == Khaligraph malitere ọrụ egwu ya mgbe ọ ka nọ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ elementịrị. Ọ malitere ọrụ ya nke ọma n'afọ 2008 na ọrụ a na-akpọ "Words And Pictures".<ref>{{Cite web|author=https://www.the-star.co.ke/authors/kalondu|title=The rise and rise of Khaligraph, Kenya's music genius|url=https://www.the-star.co.ke/sasa/word-is/2019-12-23-the-rise-and-rise-of-khaligraph-jones-kenyas-music-genius/|accessdate=2021-04-05|work=The Star|language=en-KE|archivedate=2020-09-30|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200930221352/https://www.the-star.co.ke/sasa/word-is/2019-12-23-the-rise-and-rise-of-khaligraph-jones-kenyas-music-genius/}}</ref> O meriri Channel O Music Video Awards Emcee Afrịka n'afọ 2009, asọmpi a na-ahụ anya nke mere ka ọ bụrụ onye ama ama na mba ụwa n'otu ntabi anya.<ref>{{Cite web|author=noraolagbaju|date=2021-02-11|title=Khaligraph – Passion over FAME|url=https://hiphopafrican.com/2021/02/10/kaligraph-jones-passion-over-fame/|accessdate=2021-04-05|work=The Hip Hop African|language=en|archivedate=2021-03-02|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210302093511/https://hiphopafrican.com/2021/02/10/kaligraph-jones-passion-over-fame/}}</ref> N'ọnwa Juun afọ 2018, o wepụtara abọm izizi ya nke akpọrọ "Testimony 1990".<ref>{{Cite web|date=2018-06-12|title=Khaligraph unveils "Testimony 1990" album tracklist {{!}} Notjustok East Africa|url=https://notjustok.com/eastafrica/music/khaligraph-jones-unveils-testimony-1990-album-tracklist/|accessdate=2021-04-05|work=Latest East African & Bongo Flava Music, Songs & Video - Notjustok|language=en-US|archivedate=2021-02-26|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210226190852/https://notjustok.com/eastafrica/music/khaligraph-jones-unveils-testimony-1990-album-tracklist/}}</ref> E chiri ya "Ọ kacha mma n'egwu rap nke afọ" na nke ise Annual African Muzik Magazine Awards 2018 (Afrimma) nke emere na House of Blues na Dallas, Texas na 2018.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Big win for Kenya as Khaligraph Jones grabs AFRIMMA Best Rap Act - The Sauce|url=https://www.capitalfm.co.ke/thesauce/big-win-for-kenya-as-khaligraph-jones-grabs-afrimma-best-rap-act/|accessdate=2021-04-05|work=www.capitalfm.co.ke|archivedate=2022-01-17|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220117012904/https://www.capitalfm.co.ke/thesauce/big-win-for-kenya-as-khaligraph-jones-grabs-afrimma-best-rap-act/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=Bwire|first=Dancan|title=2018 AFRIMMA Awards: Khaligraph, Papa Dennis win big|url=https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/entertainment/local-news/2001298309/2018-afrimma-awards-khaligraph-papa-dennis-win-big?amp=1|accessdate=2021-04-05|work=2018 AFRIMMA Awards: Khaligraph, Papa Dennis win big}}</ref> A kpọrọ ya onye egwu Hip Hop kacha mma na Soundcity MVP Awards na Jenụwarị 2020.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Khaligraph Jones wins SoundCity MVP award for best hip hop act|url=https://kiss100.co.ke/entertainment/2020-01-12-khaligraph-jones-wins-soundcity-mvp-award-for-best-hip-hop-act/|accessdate=2021-04-05|work=Kiss 100|language=en-KE|archivedate=2020-08-04|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200804110830/https://kiss100.co.ke/entertainment/2020-01-12-khaligraph-jones-wins-soundcity-mvp-award-for-best-hip-hop-act/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2020|title=|url=https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/entertainment/local-news/2001360049/i-dropped-out-of-school-in-form-four-khaligraph-on-tough-childhood-depression}}</ref> Emume a mere na Eko Convention Center dị na Lagos, Naijiria.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Muli|first=Davis|title=MVP 2020 awards: Khaligraph crowned best hip-hop artiste in Africa|url=https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/entertainment/local-news/2001356369/mvp-2020-awards-khaligraph-jones-crowned-best-hip-hop-artiste-in-africa?amp=1|accessdate=2021-04-05|work=MVP 2020 awards: Khaligraph Jones crowned best hip-hop artiste in Africa}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-01-12|title=Khaligraph Jones wins big at Sound City MVP Awards in Nigeria [Full list of winners]|url=https://www.pulselive.co.ke/entertainment/khaligraph-jones-wins-big-at-sound-city-mvp-awards-in-nigeria-full-list-of-winners/rxynngf|accessdate=2021-04-05|work=Pulse Live Kenya|language=en-US|archivedate=2021-02-24|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210224180744/https://www.pulselive.co.ke/entertainment/khaligraph-jones-wins-big-at-sound-city-mvp-awards-in-nigeria-full-list-of-winners/rxynngf}}</ref> N'afọ 2020, a họpụtara ya maka BET Awards.<ref>{{Cite web|author=https://www.the-star.co.ke/authors/nyambs|title=Rapper Khaligraph nominated for 2020 BET Awards|url=https://www.the-star.co.ke/sasa/word-is/2020-09-30-rapper-khaligraph-nominated-for-2020-bet-awards/|accessdate=2021-04-05|work=The Star|language=en-KE}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Kenyan rapper Khaligraph Jones Scoops hiS first BET AWARD NOMINATION – Transafrica Radio|url=http://www.transafricaradio.net/kenyan-rapper-khaligraph-jones-scoops-his-first-bet-award-nomination/|accessdate=2021-04-05|language=en-US|archivedate=2022-12-05|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20221205205157/http://www.transafricaradio.net/kenyan-rapper-khaligraph-jones-scoops-his-first-bet-award-nomination/}}</ref> Nhọpụta ya bụ maka Best International Flow category.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-10-06|title=Khaligraph Jones 2020 BET AWARDS – KAMATA SCHOOL OF MUSIC|url=https://www.kamataschool.com/khaligraph-jones-nominated-for-2020-bet-awards-nominees-list/|accessdate=2021-04-05|work=www.kamataschool.com|language=en-US}}</ref> Ọ na-emegide [[Nasty C]] nke South Afrịka, DJonga nke Brazil, Kaaris nke Ivorian na onye mmeri, grime rapper Stormzy si [[Obodoézè Nà Ofú|UK]].<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-10-28|title=Khaligraph Jones reaction after losing BET Award to UK's Stomzy|url=https://www.pulselive.co.ke/entertainment/celebrities/khaligraph-jones-reaction-after-losing-bet-award-to-uks-stomzy-and-full-list-of/4s1c19b|accessdate=2021-04-05|work=Pulse Live Kenya|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=https://www.the-star.co.ke/authors/nyambs|title=Khaligraph loses out to Stormzy at BET Awards|url=https://www.the-star.co.ke/sasa/word-is/2020-10-29-khaligraph-loses-out-to-stormzy-at-bet-awards/|accessdate=2021-04-05|work=The Star|language=en-KE|archivedate=2021-06-03|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210603094302/https://www.the-star.co.ke/sasa/word-is/2020-10-29-khaligraph-loses-out-to-stormzy-at-bet-awards/}}</ref> N'ọnwa Mee afọ 2021, a kpọrọ ya onye egwu East African Rapper of the Year na MTN Uganda . N'afọ 2021, Khaligraph sonyere Odibets, ụlọ ọrụ ịkụ nzọ egwuregwu n'okpuru atụmatụ Odimtaani ha iji malite 'OdiNare' rap challenge.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Odibets heeds to Khaligraph call, unveils rap challenge|url=https://www.the-star.co.ke/sasa/word-is/2021-07-19-odibets-heeds-to-khaligraph-jones-call-unveils-rap-challenge/|work=The Star|language=en-KE}}</ref> [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 32gjoql84dnhreminhy7ijlf2i12hqa 0 14768 696421 632214 2026-08-02T15:19:26Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 696421 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=Janet Mbugua <!-- include middle initial, if not specified in birth_name -->|image=|alt=|caption=Mbugua in 2020|birth_name=<!-- only use if different from name -->|birth_date={{birth date and age|df=yes|1984|01|10}}|birth_place=[[Mombasa]], Kenya|death_date=<!--{{Death date and age|YYYY|MM|DD|YYYY|MM|DD}} -->|death_place=|other_names=|occupation={{Flatlist| * Media personality * philanthropist * actress }}|years_active=2004–2017|known_for=|notable_works=}} [[Category:Articles with hCards]] {{Databox}} '''GtJanet Mbugua - Ndichu''' (a mụrụ na 10 Jenụwarị 1984) bụ onye mgbasa ozi [[Kenya]], arịlịka na onye na-eme ihe nkiri. Dịka onye na-ahụ maka akụkọ, a maara ya na ọ jere ozi na KTN n'afọ mbụ nke ọrụ ya. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ na Citizen TV<ref>{{Cite web|title=Janet Mbugua: Quitting my plum TV job was the best decision of my life|url=https://nairobinews.nation.co.ke/chillax/janet-mbugua-quitting-my-plum-tv-job-was-the-best-decision-of-my-life|accessdate=2020-09-22|work=Nairobi News|language=en-US|archivedate=2020-06-18|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200618122144/https://nairobinews.nation.co.ke/chillax/janet-mbugua-quitting-my-plum-tv-job-was-the-best-decision-of-my-life}}</ref> ruo ọtụtụ afọ, tupu ọ kwupụta ezumike nká ya na ụlọ ọrụ mgbasa ozi. Ọ bụ onye isi na Citizen prime time news, ya na Hussein Mohammed. Ọ na-arụ ọrụ ọhụrụ na Kenya Red Cross Humanitarian Society. Janet nwere mmasị na ihe nkiri na nka. Dịka onye na-eme ihe nkiri, ọ bụ onye ndu na usoro telivishọn ''Rush'' .<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://hashtagsquare.co.ke/janet-mbugua/|title=Janet Mbugua|accessdate=9 February 2016|work=Hashtag Square|archivedate=16 February 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160216030358/http://hashtagsquare.co.ke/janet-mbugua/}}</ref> == Mmalite ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ == A mụrụ '''Janet''' na Jenụwarị 11, afọ 1984, ma zụlite ya na Mombasa, [[Kenya]]. O nwere ejima nwoke Timothy Mbugua.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.okoanews.com/photos-introducing-janet-mbuguas-twin-brother/|title=Introducing Janet Mbugua’s Twin Brother|accessdate=9 February 2016|work=Okoa News|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150728063427/http://www.okoanews.com/photos-introducing-janet-mbuguas-twin-brother/|archivedate=28 July 2015}}</ref> Janet gara Brookhouse High School ma mesịa sonye na United States International University (USIU<ref>{{Cite web|author=whownskenya|date=2021-05-24|title=Janet Mbugua Biography, Age, Education, Family, Career And Projects|url=https://whownskenya.com/index.php/2021/05/24/janet-mbugua-biography-age-education-family-career-and-projects/|accessdate=2022-04-30|work=whownskenya|language=en-US}}</ref>).<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-11-11|title=WHY JANET MBUGUA RETIRED FROM THE MEDIA INDUSTRY|url=https://women.co.ke/index.php/2020/11/11/why-janet-mbugua-retired-from-the-media-industry/|accessdate=2022-04-30|work=Women|language=en-US|archivedate=2025-02-09|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20250209011224/https://women.co.ke/index.php/2020/11/11/why-janet-mbugua-retired-from-the-media-industry/}}</ref> Mgbe ọ rụsịrị ọrụ ruo oge ụfọdụ, ọ sonyeere Limkokwing University of Creative Technology na [[Malaysia]] maka nzere ya na Mass communication. O mere MBA ya na Global Business Management na Swiss Management Academy na Nairobi, [[Kenya]]. == Ọrụ == N'afọ 2004, mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na itoolu, Mbugua malitere ọrụ ya na 98.4 Capital FM.<ref name="Janet">{{Cite web|date=|first=|author=|url=http://www.standardmedia.co.ke/m/article/1144006483/i-m-janet-mbugua|title=I’m Janet Mbugua|accessdate=9 February 2016|work=Standard Media}}</ref> N'afọ 2009, e goro ya dịka onye na-ahụ maka akụkọ, onye nta akụkọ na onye na-emepụta ihe ngosi Pan-African current affairs show, ''Africa 360'', site na e.tv na Johannesburg, South Africa.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.africa-asa.com/janet-mbugua/|title=Africa 360|accessdate=9 February 2016|work=Africa ASA}}</ref> Ọ bụ onye mgbasa ozi na Citizen TV na-akwado ''Monday Special'' na The Big Question ruo n'oge na-adịbeghị anya.<ref>{{Cite web|date=20 October 2015|first=Elainer|author=Mogoa|url=https://citizentv.co.ke/entertainment/citizen-tvs-janet-mbugua-pranks-co-host-hussein-mohammed-103623/|title=Citizen TV’s Janet Mbugua pranks co-host Hussein Mohammed|accessdate=9 February 2016|work=Citizen TV}}</ref> N'afọ 2014, ọ pụtara na sitcom, ''Rush'' .<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.spielworksmedia.com/janet-mbugua-unleashed/|title=JANET MBUGUA UNLEASHED|accessdate=9 February 2016|work=Spielswork Media}}</ref> A họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ onye ndu dịka Pendo Adama, onye nwe na onye nchịkọta akụkọ nke Rush ''Magazine'' .<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.actors.co.ke/en/mer/articledetail/600|title=CITIZEN TV NEWS ANCHOR JANET MBUGUA TO DEBUT IN STAR STUDDED SERIES RUSH|accessdate=9 February 2016|work=Actors.co.ke|archivedate=15 February 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160215171321/http://www.actors.co.ke/en/mer/articledetail/600}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://nairobiwire.com/2014/04/watch-citizen-tvs-janet-mbugua-kick-start-acting-career-trailer.html|title=Watch Citizen TV’s Janet Mbugua Kick Start Her Acting Career|accessdate=9 February 2016|work=Nairobi Wire}}</ref> N'ọnwa Julaị afọ 2017, ọ malitere inye ndụmọdụ maka The Hive, otu US Based Organization na-achọ ịkwalite ozi Gender Equality na Kenya na mba Afrịka ndị ọzọ.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Women celebrate Kenya's first woman marine pilot on Day of the Seafarer|url=https://www.the-star.co.ke/sasa/2019-06-25-women-celebrate-kenyas-first-woman-marine-pilot-on-day-of-the-seafarer/|work=The Star|language=en-KE|accessdate=2020-05-03}}</ref> N'afọ 2019, ọ haziri ma kwado ihe ngosi TV nke akpọrọ Here And Now na NTV, nke lekwasịrị anya na nsogbu mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na-emetụta ndị na-eto eto.<nowiki>https://inuadadafoundation.org/team/our-founder/</nowiki><ref>{{Cite web|title=Janet Mbugua returns on screen, brings brother along to talk about depression – VIDEO|url=https://nairobinews.nation.co.ke/chillax/janet-mbugua-returns-on-screen-brings-brother-along-to-talk-about-depression-video|work=Nairobi News|language=en-US|accessdate=2020-05-03|archivedate=2019-06-29|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190629231433/https://nairobinews.nation.co.ke/chillax/janet-mbugua-returns-on-screen-brings-brother-along-to-talk-about-depression-video}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Janet Mbugua makes TV comeback with brand new show|url=https://www.sde.co.ke/article/2001329566/janet-mbugua-makes-tv-comeback-with-brand-new-show|author=Anyango|first=Diana|work=Standard Digital News|accessdate=2020-05-03|archivedate=2019-09-05|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190905184820/https://www.sde.co.ke/article/2001329566/janet-mbugua-makes-tv-comeback-with-brand-new-show}}</ref> == Ọrụ enyemaka mmadụ == Ọ bụ onye guzobere na onye nduzi nke Media Avenue Limited, ebe a na-enye ndị mmadụ ọrụ dịka ikwu okwu n'ihu ọha, ịhazi na Emceeing. O mesikwara ike na ike nke ụmụ nwanyị na-eto eto site na mkpọsa Inua Dada nke nwanyị mbụ nke Kenya, Margaret Kenyatta kwadoro.<ref>{{Cite web|date=16 August 2014|first=Ndegwa|author=Maina|url=http://nairobiwire.com/2014/08/joey-muthengi-janet-mbugua-noble-cause.html|title=Joey Muthengi Joins Janet Mbugua for Inua Dada|accessdate=9 February 2016|work=Nairobi Wire|archivedate=26 November 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151126111444/http://nairobiwire.com/2014/08/joey-muthengi-janet-mbugua-noble-cause.html}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.zakenya.com/product-reviews/inua-dada-initiative-in-kenya.html|title=Inua Dada Campaign|accessdate=9 February 2016|work=Za Kenya|archivedate=8 March 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160308235547/http://www.zakenya.com/product-reviews/inua-dada-initiative-in-kenya.html}}</ref> Na 8 Ọktoba afọ 2021 ọ malitere The Inua Dada Centre na Korogocho slum na Nairobi.<ref>{{Cite web|title=JANET MBUGUA LAUNCHES INUA DADA CENTRE IN KOROGOCHO – Buzz Central|url=https://buzzcentral.co.ke/2021/10/janet-mbugua-launches-inua-dada-centre-in-korogocho/|accessdate=2022-04-30|language=en-GB}}</ref>Ụlọ ọrụ ahụ bụ ohere nke na-enye ohere ịnweta ozi na mmata banyere ahụike ọmụmụ na ikike. == Ndụ onwe == Janet Mbugua lụrụ Edward Ndichu.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://africagossipnews.com/kenya-wedding-pictures-citizens-tv-janet-mbugua-husband-eddie-ndichu-glamorous/|title=KENYA: Wedding Pictures of Citizen’s TV Janet Mbugua and husband Eddie Ndichu **Glamorous**|accessdate=9 February 2016|work=Africa Gossip News|archivedate=27 March 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160327040426/http://africagossipnews.com/kenya-wedding-pictures-citizens-tv-janet-mbugua-husband-eddie-ndichu-glamorous/}}</ref> Ha mụrụ ụmụ nwoke abụọ, Ethan Huru Ndichu amụrụ n'ọnwa Ọktoba afọ 015 na Mali Ndichu.<ref>{{Cite web|date=26 October 2016|first=Lisa|author=Kamau|url=https://citizentv.co.ke/entertainment/its-a-baby-boy-for-citizen-tvs-janet-mbugua-104019/|title=It’s a baby boy for Citizen TV’s Janet Mbugua – Ndichu|accessdate=9 February 2016|work=[[Citizen TV]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.sde.co.ke/m/article/2000180740/citizen-tv-s-anchor-janet-mbugua-gives-birth-to-bouncing-baby-boy|title=Citizen TV's anchor Janet Mbugua gives birth to bouncing baby boy|accessdate=9 February 2016|work=SDE|archivedate=3 July 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180703190923/https://www.sde.co.ke/m/article/2000180740/citizen-tv-s-anchor-janet-mbugua-gives-birth-to-bouncing-baby-boy}}</ref> N'afọ 2019, Janet wepụtara akwụkwọ mbụ ya, 'My First Time', nchịkọta akụkọ dị mkpirikpi sitere n'aka ụmụ nwanyị, ụmụ agbọghọ na ụmụ nwoke na mmekọrịta mbụ ha na nsọ nwanyị.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Janet Mbugua adds ‘Author’ to her Title as she Launches ‘My First Time’ Book|url=https://nairobiwire.com/2019/10/janet-mbugua-adds-author-to-her-title-as-she-launches-my-first-time-book.html|language=en-US|accessdate=2020-05-03|archivedate=2019-10-29|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20191029000957/http://nairobiwire.com/2019/10/janet-mbugua-adds-author-to-her-title-as-she-launches-my-first-time-book.html}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=#WCW: Janet Mbugua, breaking barriers for women - Evewoman|url=https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/evewoman/article/2001349120/wcw-janet-mbugua-breaking-barriers-for-women|work=www.standardmedia.co.ke|accessdate=2020-05-03}}</ref> == Ihe nkiri == * - ''Rush'' Pendo Adama == Edemsibịa == {{Reflist|30em}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] cp9odg5866an26xgky94iv9i90mt9lj 0 15944 696434 124211 2026-08-02T20:43:03Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 696434 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Karabo Poppy Moletsane''' (amụrụ n'afọ 1992) bụ ónyé na-ese ihe osise na South Africa, ónyé na-emepụta ihe osise, na ónyé na-eme ihe nkiri n'okporo ámá.<ref>{{Cite news|title='Find something unique about yourself and build that'|language=en-GB|work=BBC News|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/av/business-46922184|accessdate=2021-02-24}}</ref> == Oge ọ malitere == A mụrụ Poppy na Vereeniging. Ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ nà Open Window Institute nà Pretoria mà nwee nzèrè na Visual Communication .<ref>{{Cite web|title=How Karabo Poppy Moletsane is permeating the real African aesthetic worldwide|url=https://www.itsnicethat.com/features/ones-to-watch-2020-karabo-poppy-moletsane-illustration-240220|accessdate=2021-02-24|work=www.itsnicethat.com|language=en}}</ref> == Ọrụ == Poppy arụwo ọrụ màkà Wall Street Journal, [[Google]], Coca-Cola, na Nike, gụnyere imepụta akpụkpọ ụkwụ LeBron James na-eyi.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Michelle Cohan|title=Illustrator Karabo Poppy's take on sneaker culture celebrates African design|url=https://www.cnn.com/style/article/karabo-poppy-south-africa-illustrator-nike-sneakers-spc-intl/index.html|accessdate=2021-02-24|work=CNN|language=en}}</ref> O mepụtara ihe osise màkà usoro Afrịka mbụ na Netflix, Queen Sono, na When They See Us. Ya na RICH MNISI rụkọtara ọrụ na nchịkọta uwe unisex, nke a na-akpọ Running Errands, na 2020.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Kabwe|first=Suwi|date=2020-03-06|title=Karabo Poppy Teams Up with Netflix & Strong Black Lead for New 'Queen Sono' Illustration|url=https://10and5.com/2020/03/06/karabo-poppy-teams-up-with-netflix-strong-black-lead-for-new-queen-sono-illustration/|accessdate=2021-02-24|work=Between 10 and 5|language=en-ZA|archivedate=2021-01-25|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210125193953/https://10and5.com/2020/03/06/karabo-poppy-teams-up-with-netflix-strong-black-lead-for-new-queen-sono-illustration/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-07-22|title=Rich Mnisi X Karabo Poppy Capsule Collection: Running Errands|url=https://visi.co.za/rich-mnisi-x-karabo-poppy-capsule-collection-running-errands/|accessdate=2021-02-24|work=Visi|language=en-US|archivedate=2021-06-19|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210619212233/https://visi.co.za/rich-mnisi-x-karabo-poppy-capsule-collection-running-errands/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Multi Award-winning Illustrator Karabo Poppy Moletsane Collaborates With Nike|url=http://www.waafrikaonline.com/2019/11/multi-award-winning-illustrator-karabo.html|accessdate=2021-02-24|work=WaAfrika Online}}</ref> A na-etinye mural Utah Jazz ya na Salt Lake City, Utah. N'afọ 2021, Wikipedia nyèrè ya ọrụ, ya na Jasmina El Bouamraoui, ịmepụta akara otu narị na otu màkà ncheta afọ irí abụọ nké [[Wikipidia|Wikipedia]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Karabo Poppy Moletsane and Jasmina El Bouamraoui create a suite of customisable symbols for Wiki’s 20th birthday|url=https://www.itsnicethat.com/news/karabo-poppy-moletsane-jasmina-el-bouamraoui-wikipedia-20-anniversary-190221|accessdate=2021-02-24|work=www.itsnicethat.com|language=en}}</ref> A na-egosipụta ihe osise ya dị ka ihe owuwu ọbọdọ gafee Johannesburg, ma gosipụta na Times Square, na vidiyo egwu, na Soweto Towers.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=The One Club / ADC Annual Awards - Archive of Past Winners|url=https://www.oneclub.org/awards/adcawards/-judge/4642/karabo-moletsane|accessdate=2021-02-24|work=www.oneclub.org|language=en}}</ref> == Ihe nrite ọkachamara == E depụtara ya na ndepụta ''Forbes'' n'okpuru irí àtó n'ime ndị na-emepụta ihe na 2019.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Mwendera|first=Karen|date=2019-07-01|title=#30Under30: Creatives Category 2019|url=https://www.forbesafrica.com/under-30/2019/07/01/30under30-creatives-category-2019/|accessdate=2021-02-24|work=Forbes Africa|language=en-US}}</ref> Ihe osise ya nkè 2019 màkà Nike meriri BASA Beyond Border Partnership Award. N'afọ 2020, a kpọrọ ya Ónyé Okike nke Afọ site ''n'etiti 10 na 5''.<ref name=":0"/> == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] k6wy5az1kb3bn3s5h0dkjey0ooztx5w 10 18682 696605 691509 2005-05-02T00:30:28Z Neutrality 28296 246047 wikitext text/x-wiki <div class="dablink"> :''This article is about {{{1}}}'' <.‰> g22n6uuncplbmso59qyb8o0repawjfr 696606 691510 2026-08-03T07:53:33Z King ChristLike 13051 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Hatnote]] 84792 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{#invoke:Hatnote|hatnote}}</includeonly><noinclude> {{documentation}} <!-- Categories go on the /doc subpage, and interwikis go on Wikidata. --> </noinclude> 8nnude79i1y2v6yy2z7j285k1k4v8p3 696727 696605 2005-05-02T00:30:28Z Neutrality 28296 246047 wikitext text/x-wiki <div class="dablink"> :''This article is about {{{1}}}'' <.‰> g22n6uuncplbmso59qyb8o0repawjfr 696728 696606 2026-08-03T07:54:31Z King ChristLike 13051 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Hatnote]] 84792 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{#invoke:Hatnote|hatnote}}</includeonly><noinclude> {{documentation}} <!-- Categories go on the /doc subpage, and interwikis go on Wikidata. --> </noinclude> 8nnude79i1y2v6yy2z7j285k1k4v8p3 0 19207 696737 148236 2026-08-03T08:44:21Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 696737 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="infobox biography vcard" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;" |<div class="fn" style="display:inline">Matilde Alvim</div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Born | class="infobox-data" |<div class="birthplace" style="display:inline">Quinta do Anjo, [[Palmela]], [[Setúbal District]], [[Portugal]]</div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Known&nbsp;for | class="infobox-data" |One of the organizers of student climate strikes in Portugal in 2019 |} [[Category:Articles with hCards]] '''Matilde Alvim''' bụ onye na-ahụ maka gburugburu ebe obibi na Portugal, otu n'ime ndị na-ahụ anya maka ịhazi ọgbaghara ihu igwe ụmụ akwụkwọ (Fridays for Future) na Portugal nke sitere n'ike mmụọ nsọ nke onye na-eme ihe ike na Sweden Greta Thunberg. == Akụkọ ndụ == Alvim si na parish nke Quinta do Anjo, nke bụ akụkụ nke Palmela, na Setúbal District nke Portugal, n'ebe ndịda nke isi obodo Lisbon na nso Arrábida Natural Park. Nwa akwụkwọ na Palmela Secondary School mgbe ngagharị iwe ụmụ akwụkwọ malitere, ọ bụzi nwa akwụkwọ anthropology na Faculty of Social and Human Sciences nke Mahadum NOVA Lisbon.<ref name="FEC">{{Cite web|title=Matilde Alvim|url=https://www.fecongd.org/matilde-alvim-3/|work=Fundação Fé e Cooperação (FEC)|accessdate=18 May 2021}}</ref><ref name="DN">{{Cite web|title=Estudantes portugueses fazem greve às aulas pelo clima: "Não estamos a brincar com isto"|url=https://www.dn.pt/vida-e-futuro/estudantes-portugueses-fazem-greve-as-aulas-pelo-clima-nao-estamos-a-brincar-com-isto-10531834.html|work=Diário de Notícias|accessdate=18 May 2021}}</ref> == Ịgba mbọ == Ihe gbasara gburugburu ebe obibi kpaliri ya site na nwata, na-echeta na akụkọ akwụkwọ akụkọ banyere nnukwu ebe mkpofu Pacific metụtara ya nke ukwuu. Nke a mere ka ọ ghọta na nsogbu gburugburu ebe obibi, ọkachasị nsogbu ihu igwe, enweghị ike idozi site n'omume onye ọ bụla naanị na ọ dị mkpa ịga na isi iyi nke nsogbu ahụ. Karịsịa, ọ na-ata ụlọ ọrụ mmanụ ala ụta, nke, ọ na'ekwu, etinyela ego na mgbasa ozi aghụghọ na mkpọsa lobbying iji mee ka gọọmentị ghara ịgbaso nkwa mba ụwa na-ebelata ikuku.<ref name="FEC"/> Ọ na-ekwu na ụwa ga-eru na nnọpụiche carbon site na 2030, kama 2050, ụbọchị gọọmentị Portugal tụrụ aro.<ref name="FE">{{Cite web|title=Entrevista a Matilde Alvim: "O risco de continuar este caminho é o caos climático"|url=https://www.forum.pt/entrevistas/entrevista-a-matilde-alvim-o-risco-de-continuar-este-caminho-e-o-caos-climatico|work=Forum Estudante|accessdate=18 May 2021}}</ref> Alvim tinyere aka na mmegide ihu igwe na 2019, ya na enyi ya, Beatriz Barroso. Ha dị njikere na mbụ iji gosipụta onwe ha, dị ka Greta Thunberg, mana nkwado maka "Fridays for Future" ụlọ akwụkwọ na-eme ngagharị iwe gbasara ngwa ngwa, na ngagharị iwe mbụ na Lisbon na-esote ngagharị iwe Friday na mba ahụ dum. Ihe karịrị ìgwè ụmụ akwụkwọ iri atọ sonyere, na nkwado pụrụ iche na Porto na Coimbra. Na 15 Machị 2019, ụmụ akwụkwọ pụkụ ịrị abụọ gbakọtara na Lisbon.<ref name="DN1">{{Cite web|title=Matilde lançou em Portugal a semente que Greta plantou. Hoje sai à rua pelo clima|url=https://www.dn.pt/edicao-do-dia/14-mar-2019/matilde-lancou-em-portugal-a-semente-que-greta-thunberg-plantou-no-mundo-10676340.html|work=Diário de Notícias|accessdate=18 May 2021|archivedate=18 May 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210518182248/https://www.dn.pt/edicao-do-dia/14-mar-2019/matilde-lancou-em-portugal-a-semente-que-greta-thunberg-plantou-no-mundo-10676340.html}}</ref><ref name="JN">{{Cite web|title=Jovens pelo clima pedem declaração de emergência climática|url=https://www.jn.pt/nacional/jovens-pelo-clima-pedem-declaracao-de-emergencia-climatica-10920014.html|work=Jornal de Notícias|accessdate=18 May 2021}}</ref> == Akwụkwọ ozi meghere emeghe nye Minista Na-ahụ Maka Gburugburu Ebe Obibi == N'abalị atọ n'ọnwa Disemba n'afọ 2019, Alvim degaara Minista na-ahụ maka gburugburu ebe obibi akwụkwọ ozi, na-akatọ ụzọ gọọmentị si emeso ọnọdụ ihu igwe. N'etiti ihe ndị ọzọ, ọ jụrụ atụmatụ maka ọdụ ụgbọ elu ọhụrụ Lisbon na maka ịdọrọ Osimiri Sado. Otu n'ime ihe ndị ọzọ ndị na-eme ngagharị iwe chọrọ bụ mkpa ọ dị ịmachibido iji gas eme ihe na Portugal ma kagbuo atụmatụ maka paịpụ gas.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Carta ao Ministro do Ambiente, João Pedro Matos Fernandes – Matilde Alvim|url=https://www.climaximo.pt/2019/12/03/carta-ao-ministro-do-ambiente-joao-pedro-matos-fernandes-matilde-alvim/|accessdate=18 May 2021|work=Maxima|archivedate=18 May 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210518182251/https://www.climaximo.pt/2019/12/03/carta-ao-ministro-do-ambiente-joao-pedro-matos-fernandes-matilde-alvim/}}</ref> == Nzukọ inabata Greta Thunberg na Lisbon == N'otu ụbọchị ahụ ka mbipụta nke akwụkwọ ozi ya, Alvim so na kọmitii nnabata nke nabatara Greta Thunberg na Lisbon, mgbe ọ si New York laghachi Europe, na-aga nzukọ ihu igwe nke United Nations (UN), nke a na-akpọ COP25, nke na-ewere ọnọdụ na Madrid. Thunberg, onye jụrụ ife n'ụgbọelu n'ihi mmetụta ụgbọ elu nwere na gburugburu ebe obibi, jiri ụgbọ mmiri rute. Alvim kwuru okwu na-ekwughachi ụfọdụ n'ime ihe ndị o mere n'akwụkwọ ozi o degaara minista.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Greta Thunberg arrives in Lisbon after Atlantic crossing|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/newsround/50646677#:~:text=Climate%20activist%20Greta%20Thunberg%20has,20%20days%20across%20the%20Atlantic.&text=Greta%2C%20who%20refuses%20to%20fly,attend%20two%20climate%20change%20conferences.|work=BBC|accessdate=18 May 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Greta Thunberg já chegou a Lisboa - JN|url=https://www.jn.pt/nacional/greta-thunberg-ja-chegou-a-portugal-11577675.html|work=www.jn.pt|accessdate=18 May 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Ação climática: "É isto que tenho de continuar a fazer", diz Greta Thunberg|url=https://expresso.pt/sociedade/2019-12-03-Acao-climatica-E-isto-que-tenho-de-continuar-a-fazer-diz-Greta-Thunberg|work=Jornal Expresso|accessdate=18 May 2021}}</ref> == Mmetụta COVID-19 == N'oge ọrịa COVID, mgbe ngagharị iwe na-ekweghi omume, Alvim nọgidere na-eme ka nsogbu mgbanwe ihu igwe bụrụ ihe na-ebute ụzọ n'uche ndị mmadụ, na-ede edemede maka akwụkwọ akụkọ ma na-agba ya ajụjụ ọnụ.<ref name="FE"/><ref>{{Cite web|title=A caminho da pandemia?|url=https://www.publico.pt/2020/03/25/p3/cronica/caminho-pandemia-1908515|work=Público|accessdate=18 May 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Estudante e activista pela justiça climática na Greve Climática Estudantil|url=https://www.publico.pt/autor/matilde-alvim|work=Público|accessdate=18 May 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Lutar por 1,5ºC. Enterrar Paris!|url=https://expresso.pt/opiniao/2020-12-11-Lutar-por-15C.-Enterrar-Paris|work=Expresso|accessdate=18 May 2021}}</ref> == Ebensidee == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 0lzwuzex4jadpsl1z1ffgsdl1cr147t 0 21176 696443 99455 2026-08-02T23:06:24Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 696443 wikitext text/x-wiki   [[Category:ISO language articles citing sources other than Ethnologue]] '''Koorete''' (nke a na-akpọkwa Amaarro, Amarro, Badittu, Koore, Koyra, Kwera, Nuna) bụ asụsụ ndị Koore nke ndịda [[Ethiopia|Etiopia]] na ruo asụ. == Ihe edeturu == <references group="" responsive="1"></references> == Akwụkwọ == * Hayward, Richard. 1982. Ihe edeturu na Asụsụ Koyra. ''Afrika'' und Übersee '''65''': peeji nke 211 ruo 268. * Mendisu, Binye Sissy. 2010. ''Akụkụ nke Koorete Verb Morphology''. Köppe: Cologne * Theil, Rolf. 2011. Koorete segmental phonology. ''Journal of African Languages and Linguistics'' '''32''': peeji nke 275 ruo 306. * Theil. Rolf. 2013. Ọdịdị ụda olu. Pp. 167 ruo 174 in: Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Cushitic and Omotic Languages, Paris, 16 ruo 1 * 18 April 2008. Rüdiger Köppe Verlag == Njikọ mpụga == * World Atlas of Language Structures ozi gbasara [http://wals.info/languoid/lect/wals_code_kjr Koorete] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230922102550/https://www.koorete.com/ Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ nke ndị asụsụ na-elekọta, gụnyere akwụkwọ ndị e bipụtara n'asụsụ Koore] lnp8vt551ypw5yulu55qi1nrvm37l8p 828 23914 696731 689244 2026-07-26T05:11:00Z Ahechtbot 14654 [[Wikipedia:BOT|Bot]]: Updated page. 696731 Scribunto text/plain return { ["F1"] = 5300, ["FA-Class"] = 16000, ["FAA-airport"] = 3800, ["FACClosed"] = 6500, ["FAC_link"] = 118000, ["FAR_link"] = 118000, ["FCC-LMS-Facility"] = 5800, ["FCC_Licensing_and_Management_System_facility"] = 16000, ["FCCdata"] = 2600, ["FFU"] = 2000, ["FIDE"] = 2500, ["FIFA_player"] = 10000, ["FIG_country_code"] = 2600, ["FIN"] = 9900, ["FIPS"] = 2400, ["FJC_Bio"] = 4000, ["FL-Class"] = 13000, ["FLCClosed"] = 3700, ["FM-Class"] = 4300, ["FMA"] = 3400, ["FMARB"] = 8900, ["FM_station_data"] = 8500, ["FPCnom/VotingEnds"] = 12000, ["FPCresult"] = 18000, ["FRA"] = 21000, ["FRG"] = 3800, ["FTE"] = 3200, ["FULLBASEPAGENAME"] = 358000, ["FULLROOTPAGENAME"] = 3820000, ["FXL"] = 2200, ["Fa_bottom"] = 3500, ["Fa_top"] = 3500, ["Facebook"] = 14000, ["Facepalm"] = 2900, ["Facl"] = 118000, ["Fact"] = 38000, ["FadedPage"] = 2700, ["FailedGA"] = 3800, ["Failed_verification"] = 19000, ["Fake_heading"] = 2300, ["Fake_heading/styles.css"] = 2300, ["Family_name_explanation"] = 98000, ["Family_name_explanation/core"] = 98000, ["Family_name_footnote"] = 2400, ["Family_name_hatnote"] = 96000, ["Farl"] = 118000, ["Fb"] = 31000, ["Fb-rt"] = 6200, ["Fb_cs_footer"] = 3300, ["Fb_gd"] = 11000, ["Fb_overview"] = 6300, ["Fb_overview2"] = 5500, ["Fb_rs"] = 11000, ["Fb_rs_footer"] = 11000, ["Fba/core"] = 9100, ["Fba/list"] = 12000, ["Fbaicon"] = 12000, ["Fbaicon/core"] = 12000, ["Fbicon"] = 3600, ["Fbu"] = 4000, ["Fbu-rt"] = 2500, ["Fbw"] = 6100, ["Fdacite"] = 15000, ["Fdate"] = 2900, ["FeaturedPicture"] = 7400, ["Featured_article"] = 7300, ["Featured_article_tools"] = 12000, ["Featured_list"] = 4900, ["Featured_picture"] = 8800, ["Featured_topic_box"] = 3700, ["Featured_topic_box/styles.css"] = 3700, ["Feedback_link"] = 4600, ["Fiction-based_redirects_to_list_entries_category_handler"] = 3300, ["Fictional_character_redirect"] = 3900, ["File-Class"] = 13000, ["File_other"] = 997000, ["Filipino_name"] = 4400, ["Film_date"] = 166000, ["Filter_category_by_topic"] = 2800, ["Find"] = 8400, ["FindYDCportal"] = 223000, ["Find_a_Grave"] = 24000, ["Find_country"] = 45000, ["Find_demonym"] = 39000, ["Find_general_sources"] = 920000, ["Find_medical_sources"] = 8300, ["Find_page_text"] = 2800000, ["Find_sources"] = 624000, ["Find_sources/proj/is_biography"] = 609000, ["Find_sources/proj/is_med"] = 624000, ["Find_sources/proj/is_video"] = 615000, ["Find_sources/top_proj"] = 624000, ["Find_sources_AFD"] = 262000, ["Find_sources_mainspace"] = 714000, ["Find_video_game_sources"] = 7000, ["Find_video_game_sources_short"] = 3100, ["Findsources"] = 42000, ["First_word"] = 681000, ["FishBase"] = 20000, ["FishBase_genus"] = 4200, ["Fix"] = 1060000, ["Fix-span"] = 64000, ["Fix/category"] = 1030000, ["Fix_comma_category"] = 597000, ["Fixed"] = 10000, ["Fl."] = 3800, ["Flag"] = 345000, ["Flag/core"] = 345000, ["FlagCGFathlete"] = 2400, ["FlagIOC"] = 11000, ["FlagIOC2"] = 4700, ["FlagIOC2athlete"] = 6800, ["FlagIOC2team"] = 2900, ["FlagIOCathlete"] = 11000, ["FlagIPC"] = 3300, ["FlagPASO"] = 2100, ["FlagPASOathlete"] = 3300, ["Flag_CGF_athlete"] = 2600, ["Flag_IOC"] = 13000, ["Flag_IOC_2"] = 19000, ["Flag_IOC_2_athlete"] = 15000, ["Flag_IOC_2_medalist"] = 5000, ["Flag_IOC_2_team"] = 4400, ["Flag_IOC_athlete"] = 13000, ["Flag_IPC"] = 4000, ["Flag_PASO"] = 3000, ["Flag_PASO_athlete"] = 3500, ["Flag_athlete"] = 39000, ["Flag_country"] = 41000, ["Flag_country/core"] = 41000, ["Flag_data"] = 12000, ["Flag_decoration"] = 95000, ["Flag_decoration/core"] = 95000, ["Flag_icon"] = 616000, ["Flag_icon/core"] = 617000, ["Flag_icon/nt"] = 9800, ["Flag_link"] = 2100, ["Flag_link/core"] = 87000, ["Flag_medalist"] = 2900, ["Flag_medalist/core"] = 2900, ["Flag_team"] = 2900, ["Flagathlete"] = 31000, ["Flagbig"] = 5100, ["Flagbig/core"] = 8900, ["Flagcountry"] = 26000, ["Flagdeco"] = 61000, ["Flagg"] = 23000, ["Flagicon"] = 461000, ["Flagicon_image"] = 51000, ["Flagmedalist"] = 2800, ["Flagright/core"] = 26000, ["Flagteam"] = 2500, ["Flagu"] = 32000, ["Flagu/core"] = 32000, ["Flat_list"] = 7700, ["Flatlist"] = 2670000, ["FloraBase"] = 6100, ["Floruit"] = 7800, ["Fmbox"] = 25000, ["FoP-USonly"] = 5300, ["Font"] = 12000, ["Font_color"] = 53000, ["Fontcolor"] = 6900, ["Fooian_companies_established_in_the_year"] = 5500, ["Fooian_expatriate_sportspeople_in_Bar_cat"] = 11000, ["Fooian_expatriate_sportspeople_in_Bar_cat/core"] = 11000, ["Fooian_expatriate_sportspeople_in_Bar_cat/sortname"] = 11000, ["Fooian_fooers"] = 14000, ["FootballFacts.ru"] = 6000, ["Football_box"] = 29000, ["Football_box_collapsible"] = 31000, ["Football_box_collapsible/styles.css"] = 31000, ["Football_kit"] = 54000, ["Football_manager_history"] = 23000, ["Football_squad"] = 45000, ["Football_squad2_player"] = 48000, ["Football_squad_end"] = 22000, ["Football_squad_manager"] = 46000, ["Football_squad_mid"] = 19000, ["Football_squad_player"] = 22000, ["Football_squad_player/role"] = 8200, ["Football_squad_player/styles.css"] = 22000, ["Football_squad_start"] = 22000, ["Footballbox"] = 5700, ["Footballbox_collapsible"] = 9100, ["Footballstats"] = 4100, ["Foo–Bar_relations_category"] = 6200, ["Foo–Bar_relations_category/core"] = 6200, ["Foo–Bar_relations_category/countrynamesortfix"] = 6200, ["Foo–Bar_relations_category/fixcountryname"] = 6200, ["Foo–Bar_relations_category/inner_core"] = 6200, ["Foo–Bar_relations_category/mapname"] = 6200, ["For"] = 210000, ["For-multi"] = 13000, ["For_loop"] = 1170000, ["For_multi"] = 7100, ["For_nowiki"] = 9500, ["For_your_information"] = 2100, ["ForaDeJogo"] = 4100, ["Force_plural"] = 17000, ["Force_singular"] = 2800, ["Format_link"] = 13000, ["Format_linkr"] = 7400, ["Format_numeric_span"] = 3800, ["Format_price"] = 8900, ["Format_price/digits"] = 8600, ["Formatprice"] = 4100, ["Fossil_range"] = 14000, ["Fossil_range/bar"] = 25000, ["Fossilrange"] = 6700, ["Foundational_Model_of_Anatomy"] = 3400, ["Frac"] = 35000, ["Fraction"] = 41000, ["Fraction/styles.css"] = 107000, ["France_metadata_Wikidata"] = 36000, ["Free_access"] = 5300, ["Free_in_US_media"] = 23000, ["Free_media"] = 138000, ["Freedom_of_panorama_(US_only)"] = 5400, ["Frequency"] = 7800, ["Friday"] = 2800, ["Fs_end"] = 20000, ["Fs_mid"] = 18000, ["Fs_player"] = 20000, ["Fs_start"] = 20000, ["Full-time_equivalent"] = 3200, ["Full_citation_needed"] = 10000, ["Full_party_name_with_color"] = 6200, ["Fullurl"] = 7000, ["Fullurl:"] = 6800, ["Further"] = 77000, ["Further_information"] = 2500, ["Fussballdaten"] = 4200, ["Module:Fb_overview"] = 6400, ["Module:Fba"] = 18000, ["Module:Fba/list"] = 36000, ["Module:FeaturedTopicSum"] = 6900, ["Module:Fedi-share"] = 3900, ["Module:Fiction-based_redirects_to_list_entries_category_handler"] = 3300, ["Module:Fiction-based_redirects_to_list_entries_category_handler/RedirectType"] = 3300, ["Module:Fiction_redirect_category_handler"] = 5300, ["Module:File_link"] = 89000, ["Module:FindYDCportal"] = 399000, ["Module:Find_country"] = 45000, ["Module:Find_demonym"] = 39000, ["Module:Find_sources"] = 1650000, ["Module:Find_sources/config"] = 1650000, ["Module:Find_sources/links"] = 1650000, ["Module:Find_sources/templates/Find_general_sources"] = 920000, ["Module:Find_sources/templates/Find_sources_mainspace"] = 714000, ["Module:Find_sources/templates/Find_sources_medical"] = 8300, ["Module:Find_sources/templates/Find_sources_video_games"] = 7000, ["Module:Flag"] = 374000, ["Module:Flag_list"] = 11000, ["Module:Flagg"] = 455000, ["Module:Flagg/Altvar_data"] = 33000, ["Module:Football_box"] = 30000, ["Module:Football_box/styles.css"] = 30000, ["Module:Football_box_collapsible"] = 31000, ["Module:Football_event"] = 55000, ["Module:Football_manager_history"] = 24000, ["Module:Football_squad"] = 45000, ["Module:Footballer_positions"] = 219000, ["Module:Footnotes"] = 366000, ["Module:Footnotes/anchor_id_list"] = 272000, ["Module:Footnotes/anchor_id_list/data"] = 272000, ["Module:Footnotes/whitelist"] = 272000, ["Module:For"] = 211000, ["Module:For_loop"] = 1170000, ["Module:For_nowiki"] = 11000, ["Module:Format_link"] = 1510000, ["Module:Formatted_appearance"] = 6000, } d5mbiu581njyufjfn0wh5qg0zlxymw8 696732 696731 2026-08-02T05:09:54Z Ahechtbot 14654 [[Wikipedia:BOT|Bot]]: Updated page. 696732 Scribunto text/plain return { ["F1"] = 5300, ["FA-Class"] = 16000, ["FAA-airport"] = 3900, ["FACClosed"] = 6500, ["FAC_link"] = 118000, ["FAR_link"] = 118000, ["FCC-LMS-Facility"] = 5800, ["FCC_Licensing_and_Management_System_facility"] = 16000, ["FCCdata"] = 2600, ["FFU"] = 2000, ["FIDE"] = 2500, ["FIFA_player"] = 10000, ["FIG_country_code"] = 2700, ["FIN"] = 9900, ["FIPS"] = 2400, ["FJC_Bio"] = 4000, ["FL-Class"] = 13000, ["FLCClosed"] = 3700, ["FM-Class"] = 4300, ["FMA"] = 3400, ["FMARB"] = 8900, ["FM_station_data"] = 8500, ["FPCnom/VotingEnds"] = 12000, ["FPCresult"] = 18000, ["FRA"] = 21000, ["FRG"] = 3800, ["FTE"] = 3300, ["FULLBASEPAGENAME"] = 358000, ["FULLROOTPAGENAME"] = 3830000, ["FXL"] = 2200, ["Fa_bottom"] = 3500, ["Fa_top"] = 3500, ["Facebook"] = 14000, ["Facepalm"] = 2900, ["Facl"] = 118000, ["Fact"] = 38000, ["FadedPage"] = 2700, ["FailedGA"] = 3800, ["Failed_verification"] = 19000, ["Fake_heading"] = 2300, ["Fake_heading/styles.css"] = 2300, ["Family_name_explanation"] = 98000, ["Family_name_explanation/core"] = 98000, ["Family_name_footnote"] = 2400, ["Family_name_hatnote"] = 96000, ["Farl"] = 118000, ["Fb"] = 31000, ["Fb-rt"] = 6200, ["Fb_cs_footer"] = 3300, ["Fb_gd"] = 11000, ["Fb_overview"] = 6300, ["Fb_overview2"] = 5500, ["Fb_rs"] = 11000, ["Fb_rs_footer"] = 11000, ["Fba/core"] = 9100, ["Fba/list"] = 12000, ["Fbaicon"] = 12000, ["Fbaicon/core"] = 12000, ["Fbicon"] = 3600, ["Fbu"] = 4000, ["Fbu-rt"] = 2500, ["Fbw"] = 6100, ["Fdacite"] = 15000, ["Fdate"] = 2900, ["FeaturedPicture"] = 7400, ["Featured_article"] = 7300, ["Featured_article_tools"] = 12000, ["Featured_list"] = 4900, ["Featured_picture"] = 8800, ["Featured_topic_box"] = 3700, ["Featured_topic_box/styles.css"] = 3700, ["Feedback_link"] = 4600, ["Fiction-based_redirects_to_list_entries_category_handler"] = 3300, ["Fictional_character_redirect"] = 3900, ["File-Class"] = 13000, ["File_other"] = 998000, ["Filipino_name"] = 4400, ["Film_date"] = 167000, ["Filter_category_by_topic"] = 2800, ["Find"] = 8400, ["FindYDCportal"] = 223000, ["Find_a_Grave"] = 24000, ["Find_country"] = 45000, ["Find_demonym"] = 39000, ["Find_general_sources"] = 921000, ["Find_medical_sources"] = 8300, ["Find_page_text"] = 2800000, ["Find_sources"] = 624000, ["Find_sources/proj/is_biography"] = 609000, ["Find_sources/proj/is_med"] = 624000, ["Find_sources/proj/is_video"] = 616000, ["Find_sources/top_proj"] = 624000, ["Find_sources_AFD"] = 263000, ["Find_sources_mainspace"] = 714000, ["Find_video_game_sources"] = 7000, ["Find_video_game_sources_short"] = 3100, ["Findsources"] = 42000, ["First_word"] = 681000, ["FishBase"] = 20000, ["FishBase_genus"] = 4200, ["Fix"] = 1060000, ["Fix-span"] = 64000, ["Fix/category"] = 1030000, ["Fix_comma_category"] = 597000, ["Fixed"] = 10000, ["Fl."] = 3800, ["Flag"] = 345000, ["Flag/core"] = 345000, ["FlagCGFathlete"] = 2400, ["FlagIOC"] = 11000, ["FlagIOC2"] = 4700, ["FlagIOC2athlete"] = 6800, ["FlagIOC2team"] = 2900, ["FlagIOCathlete"] = 11000, ["FlagIPC"] = 3300, ["FlagPASO"] = 2100, ["FlagPASOathlete"] = 3300, ["Flag_CGF"] = 2000, ["Flag_CGF_athlete"] = 2600, ["Flag_IOC"] = 13000, ["Flag_IOC_2"] = 19000, ["Flag_IOC_2_athlete"] = 15000, ["Flag_IOC_2_medalist"] = 5000, ["Flag_IOC_2_team"] = 4400, ["Flag_IOC_athlete"] = 13000, ["Flag_IPC"] = 4000, ["Flag_PASO"] = 3000, ["Flag_PASO_athlete"] = 3500, ["Flag_athlete"] = 39000, ["Flag_country"] = 41000, ["Flag_country/core"] = 41000, ["Flag_data"] = 12000, ["Flag_decoration"] = 95000, ["Flag_decoration/core"] = 95000, ["Flag_icon"] = 617000, ["Flag_icon/core"] = 617000, ["Flag_icon/nt"] = 9800, ["Flag_link"] = 2100, ["Flag_link/core"] = 87000, ["Flag_medalist"] = 2900, ["Flag_medalist/core"] = 2900, ["Flag_team"] = 2900, ["Flagathlete"] = 31000, ["Flagbig"] = 5100, ["Flagbig/core"] = 9000, ["Flagcountry"] = 26000, ["Flagdeco"] = 61000, ["Flagg"] = 23000, ["Flagicon"] = 461000, ["Flagicon_image"] = 51000, ["Flagmedalist"] = 2800, ["Flagright/core"] = 26000, ["Flagteam"] = 2500, ["Flagu"] = 32000, ["Flagu/core"] = 32000, ["Flat_list"] = 7700, ["Flatlist"] = 2670000, ["FloraBase"] = 6100, ["Floruit"] = 7800, ["Fmbox"] = 25000, ["FoP-USonly"] = 5300, ["Font"] = 12000, ["Font_color"] = 53000, ["Fontcolor"] = 6900, ["Fooian_companies_established_in_the_year"] = 5500, ["Fooian_expatriate_sportspeople_in_Bar_cat"] = 11000, ["Fooian_expatriate_sportspeople_in_Bar_cat/core"] = 11000, ["Fooian_expatriate_sportspeople_in_Bar_cat/sortname"] = 11000, ["Fooian_fooers"] = 14000, ["FootballFacts.ru"] = 6000, ["Football_box"] = 29000, ["Football_box_collapsible"] = 31000, ["Football_box_collapsible/styles.css"] = 31000, ["Football_kit"] = 54000, ["Football_manager_history"] = 23000, ["Football_squad"] = 45000, ["Football_squad2_player"] = 48000, ["Football_squad_end"] = 22000, ["Football_squad_manager"] = 45000, ["Football_squad_mid"] = 20000, ["Football_squad_player"] = 22000, ["Football_squad_player/role"] = 8200, ["Football_squad_player/styles.css"] = 22000, ["Football_squad_start"] = 22000, ["Footballbox"] = 5700, ["Footballbox_collapsible"] = 9100, ["Footballstats"] = 4100, ["Foo–Bar_relations_category"] = 6200, ["Foo–Bar_relations_category/core"] = 6200, ["Foo–Bar_relations_category/countrynamesortfix"] = 6200, ["Foo–Bar_relations_category/fixcountryname"] = 6200, ["Foo–Bar_relations_category/inner_core"] = 6200, ["Foo–Bar_relations_category/mapname"] = 6200, ["For"] = 210000, ["For-multi"] = 13000, ["For_loop"] = 1170000, ["For_multi"] = 7000, ["For_nowiki"] = 9500, ["For_your_information"] = 2100, ["ForaDeJogo"] = 4100, ["Force_plural"] = 17000, ["Force_singular"] = 2800, ["Format_link"] = 13000, ["Format_linkr"] = 7500, ["Format_numeric_span"] = 3700, ["Format_price"] = 8900, ["Format_price/digits"] = 8700, ["Formatprice"] = 4100, ["Fossil_range"] = 14000, ["Fossil_range/bar"] = 25000, ["Fossilrange"] = 6700, ["Foundational_Model_of_Anatomy"] = 3400, ["Frac"] = 35000, ["Fraction"] = 41000, ["Fraction/styles.css"] = 107000, ["France_metadata_Wikidata"] = 36000, ["Free_access"] = 5300, ["Free_in_US_media"] = 23000, ["Free_media"] = 138000, ["Freedom_of_panorama_(US_only)"] = 5400, ["Frequency"] = 7800, ["Friday"] = 2800, ["Fs_end"] = 20000, ["Fs_mid"] = 18000, ["Fs_player"] = 20000, ["Fs_start"] = 20000, ["Full-time_equivalent"] = 3300, ["Full_citation_needed"] = 10000, ["Full_party_name_with_color"] = 6200, ["Fullurl"] = 7000, ["Fullurl:"] = 6800, ["Further"] = 77000, ["Further_information"] = 2500, ["Fussballdaten"] = 4200, ["Module:Fb_overview"] = 6500, ["Module:Fba"] = 18000, ["Module:Fba/list"] = 36000, ["Module:FeaturedTopicSum"] = 6900, ["Module:Fedi-share"] = 3900, ["Module:Fiction-based_redirects_to_list_entries_category_handler"] = 3300, ["Module:Fiction-based_redirects_to_list_entries_category_handler/RedirectType"] = 3300, ["Module:Fiction_redirect_category_handler"] = 5300, ["Module:File_link"] = 89000, ["Module:FindYDCportal"] = 398000, ["Module:Find_country"] = 45000, ["Module:Find_demonym"] = 39000, ["Module:Find_sources"] = 1650000, ["Module:Find_sources/config"] = 1650000, ["Module:Find_sources/links"] = 1650000, ["Module:Find_sources/templates/Find_general_sources"] = 921000, ["Module:Find_sources/templates/Find_sources_mainspace"] = 714000, ["Module:Find_sources/templates/Find_sources_medical"] = 8300, ["Module:Find_sources/templates/Find_sources_video_games"] = 7000, ["Module:Flag"] = 374000, ["Module:Flag_list"] = 11000, ["Module:Flagg"] = 455000, ["Module:Flagg/Altvar_data"] = 33000, ["Module:Football_box"] = 30000, ["Module:Football_box/styles.css"] = 30000, ["Module:Football_box_collapsible"] = 31000, ["Module:Football_event"] = 55000, ["Module:Football_manager_history"] = 24000, ["Module:Football_squad"] = 45000, ["Module:Footballer_positions"] = 219000, ["Module:Footnotes"] = 367000, ["Module:Footnotes/anchor_id_list"] = 273000, ["Module:Footnotes/anchor_id_list/data"] = 273000, ["Module:Footnotes/whitelist"] = 273000, ["Module:For"] = 211000, ["Module:For_loop"] = 1170000, ["Module:For_nowiki"] = 11000, ["Module:Format_link"] = 1510000, ["Module:Formatted_appearance"] = 6000, } 49urpvqypc1z72wq3a6qega6wo07e5y 696733 696732 2026-08-03T07:55:09Z King ChristLike 13051 2 revisions imported from [[:en:Module:Transclusion_count/data/F]] 696732 Scribunto text/plain return { ["F1"] = 5300, ["FA-Class"] = 16000, ["FAA-airport"] = 3900, ["FACClosed"] = 6500, ["FAC_link"] = 118000, ["FAR_link"] = 118000, ["FCC-LMS-Facility"] = 5800, ["FCC_Licensing_and_Management_System_facility"] = 16000, ["FCCdata"] = 2600, ["FFU"] = 2000, ["FIDE"] = 2500, ["FIFA_player"] = 10000, ["FIG_country_code"] = 2700, ["FIN"] = 9900, ["FIPS"] = 2400, ["FJC_Bio"] = 4000, ["FL-Class"] = 13000, ["FLCClosed"] = 3700, ["FM-Class"] = 4300, ["FMA"] = 3400, ["FMARB"] = 8900, ["FM_station_data"] = 8500, ["FPCnom/VotingEnds"] = 12000, ["FPCresult"] = 18000, ["FRA"] = 21000, ["FRG"] = 3800, ["FTE"] = 3300, ["FULLBASEPAGENAME"] = 358000, ["FULLROOTPAGENAME"] = 3830000, ["FXL"] = 2200, ["Fa_bottom"] = 3500, ["Fa_top"] = 3500, ["Facebook"] = 14000, ["Facepalm"] = 2900, ["Facl"] = 118000, ["Fact"] = 38000, ["FadedPage"] = 2700, ["FailedGA"] = 3800, ["Failed_verification"] = 19000, ["Fake_heading"] = 2300, ["Fake_heading/styles.css"] = 2300, ["Family_name_explanation"] = 98000, ["Family_name_explanation/core"] = 98000, ["Family_name_footnote"] = 2400, ["Family_name_hatnote"] = 96000, ["Farl"] = 118000, ["Fb"] = 31000, ["Fb-rt"] = 6200, ["Fb_cs_footer"] = 3300, ["Fb_gd"] = 11000, ["Fb_overview"] = 6300, ["Fb_overview2"] = 5500, ["Fb_rs"] = 11000, ["Fb_rs_footer"] = 11000, ["Fba/core"] = 9100, ["Fba/list"] = 12000, ["Fbaicon"] = 12000, ["Fbaicon/core"] = 12000, ["Fbicon"] = 3600, ["Fbu"] = 4000, ["Fbu-rt"] = 2500, ["Fbw"] = 6100, ["Fdacite"] = 15000, ["Fdate"] = 2900, ["FeaturedPicture"] = 7400, ["Featured_article"] = 7300, ["Featured_article_tools"] = 12000, ["Featured_list"] = 4900, ["Featured_picture"] = 8800, ["Featured_topic_box"] = 3700, ["Featured_topic_box/styles.css"] = 3700, ["Feedback_link"] = 4600, ["Fiction-based_redirects_to_list_entries_category_handler"] = 3300, ["Fictional_character_redirect"] = 3900, ["File-Class"] = 13000, ["File_other"] = 998000, ["Filipino_name"] = 4400, ["Film_date"] = 167000, ["Filter_category_by_topic"] = 2800, ["Find"] = 8400, ["FindYDCportal"] = 223000, ["Find_a_Grave"] = 24000, ["Find_country"] = 45000, ["Find_demonym"] = 39000, ["Find_general_sources"] = 921000, ["Find_medical_sources"] = 8300, ["Find_page_text"] = 2800000, ["Find_sources"] = 624000, ["Find_sources/proj/is_biography"] = 609000, ["Find_sources/proj/is_med"] = 624000, ["Find_sources/proj/is_video"] = 616000, ["Find_sources/top_proj"] = 624000, ["Find_sources_AFD"] = 263000, ["Find_sources_mainspace"] = 714000, ["Find_video_game_sources"] = 7000, ["Find_video_game_sources_short"] = 3100, ["Findsources"] = 42000, ["First_word"] = 681000, ["FishBase"] = 20000, ["FishBase_genus"] = 4200, ["Fix"] = 1060000, ["Fix-span"] = 64000, ["Fix/category"] = 1030000, ["Fix_comma_category"] = 597000, ["Fixed"] = 10000, ["Fl."] = 3800, ["Flag"] = 345000, ["Flag/core"] = 345000, ["FlagCGFathlete"] = 2400, ["FlagIOC"] = 11000, ["FlagIOC2"] = 4700, ["FlagIOC2athlete"] = 6800, ["FlagIOC2team"] = 2900, ["FlagIOCathlete"] = 11000, ["FlagIPC"] = 3300, ["FlagPASO"] = 2100, ["FlagPASOathlete"] = 3300, ["Flag_CGF"] = 2000, ["Flag_CGF_athlete"] = 2600, ["Flag_IOC"] = 13000, ["Flag_IOC_2"] = 19000, ["Flag_IOC_2_athlete"] = 15000, ["Flag_IOC_2_medalist"] = 5000, ["Flag_IOC_2_team"] = 4400, ["Flag_IOC_athlete"] = 13000, ["Flag_IPC"] = 4000, ["Flag_PASO"] = 3000, ["Flag_PASO_athlete"] = 3500, ["Flag_athlete"] = 39000, ["Flag_country"] = 41000, ["Flag_country/core"] = 41000, ["Flag_data"] = 12000, ["Flag_decoration"] = 95000, ["Flag_decoration/core"] = 95000, ["Flag_icon"] = 617000, ["Flag_icon/core"] = 617000, ["Flag_icon/nt"] = 9800, ["Flag_link"] = 2100, ["Flag_link/core"] = 87000, ["Flag_medalist"] = 2900, ["Flag_medalist/core"] = 2900, ["Flag_team"] = 2900, ["Flagathlete"] = 31000, ["Flagbig"] = 5100, ["Flagbig/core"] = 9000, ["Flagcountry"] = 26000, ["Flagdeco"] = 61000, ["Flagg"] = 23000, ["Flagicon"] = 461000, ["Flagicon_image"] = 51000, ["Flagmedalist"] = 2800, ["Flagright/core"] = 26000, ["Flagteam"] = 2500, ["Flagu"] = 32000, ["Flagu/core"] = 32000, ["Flat_list"] = 7700, ["Flatlist"] = 2670000, ["FloraBase"] = 6100, ["Floruit"] = 7800, ["Fmbox"] = 25000, ["FoP-USonly"] = 5300, ["Font"] = 12000, ["Font_color"] = 53000, ["Fontcolor"] = 6900, ["Fooian_companies_established_in_the_year"] = 5500, ["Fooian_expatriate_sportspeople_in_Bar_cat"] = 11000, ["Fooian_expatriate_sportspeople_in_Bar_cat/core"] = 11000, ["Fooian_expatriate_sportspeople_in_Bar_cat/sortname"] = 11000, ["Fooian_fooers"] = 14000, ["FootballFacts.ru"] = 6000, ["Football_box"] = 29000, ["Football_box_collapsible"] = 31000, ["Football_box_collapsible/styles.css"] = 31000, ["Football_kit"] = 54000, ["Football_manager_history"] = 23000, ["Football_squad"] = 45000, ["Football_squad2_player"] = 48000, ["Football_squad_end"] = 22000, ["Football_squad_manager"] = 45000, ["Football_squad_mid"] = 20000, ["Football_squad_player"] = 22000, ["Football_squad_player/role"] = 8200, ["Football_squad_player/styles.css"] = 22000, ["Football_squad_start"] = 22000, ["Footballbox"] = 5700, ["Footballbox_collapsible"] = 9100, ["Footballstats"] = 4100, ["Foo–Bar_relations_category"] = 6200, ["Foo–Bar_relations_category/core"] = 6200, ["Foo–Bar_relations_category/countrynamesortfix"] = 6200, ["Foo–Bar_relations_category/fixcountryname"] = 6200, ["Foo–Bar_relations_category/inner_core"] = 6200, ["Foo–Bar_relations_category/mapname"] = 6200, ["For"] = 210000, ["For-multi"] = 13000, ["For_loop"] = 1170000, ["For_multi"] = 7000, ["For_nowiki"] = 9500, ["For_your_information"] = 2100, ["ForaDeJogo"] = 4100, ["Force_plural"] = 17000, ["Force_singular"] = 2800, ["Format_link"] = 13000, ["Format_linkr"] = 7500, ["Format_numeric_span"] = 3700, ["Format_price"] = 8900, ["Format_price/digits"] = 8700, ["Formatprice"] = 4100, ["Fossil_range"] = 14000, ["Fossil_range/bar"] = 25000, ["Fossilrange"] = 6700, ["Foundational_Model_of_Anatomy"] = 3400, ["Frac"] = 35000, ["Fraction"] = 41000, ["Fraction/styles.css"] = 107000, ["France_metadata_Wikidata"] = 36000, ["Free_access"] = 5300, ["Free_in_US_media"] = 23000, ["Free_media"] = 138000, ["Freedom_of_panorama_(US_only)"] = 5400, ["Frequency"] = 7800, ["Friday"] = 2800, ["Fs_end"] = 20000, ["Fs_mid"] = 18000, ["Fs_player"] = 20000, ["Fs_start"] = 20000, ["Full-time_equivalent"] = 3300, ["Full_citation_needed"] = 10000, ["Full_party_name_with_color"] = 6200, ["Fullurl"] = 7000, ["Fullurl:"] = 6800, ["Further"] = 77000, ["Further_information"] = 2500, ["Fussballdaten"] = 4200, ["Module:Fb_overview"] = 6500, ["Module:Fba"] = 18000, ["Module:Fba/list"] = 36000, ["Module:FeaturedTopicSum"] = 6900, ["Module:Fedi-share"] = 3900, ["Module:Fiction-based_redirects_to_list_entries_category_handler"] = 3300, ["Module:Fiction-based_redirects_to_list_entries_category_handler/RedirectType"] = 3300, ["Module:Fiction_redirect_category_handler"] = 5300, ["Module:File_link"] = 89000, ["Module:FindYDCportal"] = 398000, ["Module:Find_country"] = 45000, ["Module:Find_demonym"] = 39000, ["Module:Find_sources"] = 1650000, ["Module:Find_sources/config"] = 1650000, ["Module:Find_sources/links"] = 1650000, ["Module:Find_sources/templates/Find_general_sources"] = 921000, ["Module:Find_sources/templates/Find_sources_mainspace"] = 714000, ["Module:Find_sources/templates/Find_sources_medical"] = 8300, ["Module:Find_sources/templates/Find_sources_video_games"] = 7000, ["Module:Flag"] = 374000, ["Module:Flag_list"] = 11000, ["Module:Flagg"] = 455000, ["Module:Flagg/Altvar_data"] = 33000, ["Module:Football_box"] = 30000, ["Module:Football_box/styles.css"] = 30000, ["Module:Football_box_collapsible"] = 31000, ["Module:Football_event"] = 55000, ["Module:Football_manager_history"] = 24000, ["Module:Football_squad"] = 45000, ["Module:Footballer_positions"] = 219000, ["Module:Footnotes"] = 367000, ["Module:Footnotes/anchor_id_list"] = 273000, ["Module:Footnotes/anchor_id_list/data"] = 273000, ["Module:Footnotes/whitelist"] = 273000, ["Module:For"] = 211000, ["Module:For_loop"] = 1170000, ["Module:For_nowiki"] = 11000, ["Module:Format_link"] = 1510000, ["Module:Formatted_appearance"] = 6000, } 49urpvqypc1z72wq3a6qega6wo07e5y 0 24895 696436 195074 2026-08-02T21:33:48Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 696436 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Kenule Beeson "Ken" Saro-Wiwa (10 Ọktoba 1941 - 10 Nọvemba 1995) bụ onye edemede Naijiria, onye na-emepụta telivishọn, na onye na-ahụ maka gburugburu ebe obibi. Kenule Beeson Ken Saro-Wiwa onye Naijiria na-ahụ maka gburugburu ebe obibi<ref name=":7">{{Cite web|title=Ken Saro-Wiwa {{!}} Nigerian author and activist {{!}} Britannica|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Ken-Saro-Wiwa|accessdate=28 February 2022|work=www.britannica.com|language=en}}</ref> Ken Saro-Wiwa bụ onye otu ndị Ogoni, ndị agbụrụ pere mpe na Naijiria bụ ndị ala nna ha, Ogoniland, nke dị na Niger Delta, lekwasịrị anya maka nchọpụta mmanụ ala kemgbe afọ 1950 ma nwee nnukwu mmebi gburugburu ebe obibi site na ọtụtụ iri afọ nke ịtụfu ihe mkpofu mmanụ ala. Ndị Ogoni Ogoniland Niger Mmanụ ala Delta emebiwo nke ukwuu na gburugburu ebe obibi<ref>{{Cite web|author=Refugees|first=United Nations High Commissioner for|title=Refworld {{!}} Nigeria: Information on the Ogoni people including where they live, names of towns and villages, languages spoken and a detailed map of Ogoni areas|url=https://www.refworld.org/docid/3ae6aac144.html|accessdate=2023-04-27|work=Refworld|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=11 November 2019|title=Ogoni 9 execution anniversary: Who be Ken Saro-Wiwa|language=pcm|work=BBC News Pidgin|url=https://www.bbc.com/pidgin/tori-50371699|accessdate=27 May 2020}}</ref> Na mbido dị ka ọnụ na-ekwuchitere, ma mesịa bụrụ onye isi oche, nke Movement for the Survival of the Ogoni People (MOSOP), Saro-Wiwa duziri mkpọsa na-enweghị ihe ike megide mmebi gburugburu ebe obibi nke ala na mmiri nke Ogoniland site na ọrụ nke ụlọ ọrụ mmanụ mba dị iche iche, ọkachasị ụlọ ọrụ Royal Dutch Shell. Movement for the Survival of the Ogoni Ndị na-eme ihe ike na-eme mkpọsa gburugburu ebe obibi mmebi ụlọ ọrụ mmanụ Royal Dutch Shell<ref>{{Cite web|title=Ken Saro-Wiwa|url=https://www.fantasticfiction.com/s/ken-saro-wiwa/|accessdate=27 May 2020|work=FantasticFiction|archivedate=3 August 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200803003915/https://www.fantasticfiction.com/s/ken-saro-wiwa/}}</ref> Ọ katọrọ gọọmentị Naijiria maka enweghị mmasị itinye iwu gburugburu ebe obibi na ụlọ ọrụ mmanụ ala mba ọzọ na-arụ ọrụ n'ógbè ahụ. Gọọmentị Naijiria<ref>{{Cite web|date=16 November 2015|title=Environmentalist Leader – Ken Saro-Wiwa (1941–1995)|url=https://tunza.eco-generation.org/resourcesView.jsp?boardID=forum1420131317&viewID=13655|accessdate=27 May 2020|work=Tunza Eco Generation|archivedate=2 August 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200802234836/https://tunza.eco-generation.org/resourcesView.jsp?boardID=forum1420131317&viewID=13655}}</ref> N'oge ọ na-eme mkpọsa na-abụghị nke ime ihe ike, ụlọ ikpe ndị agha pụrụ iche kpere ya ikpe maka ebubo na ọ na-eduzi ogbugbu ndị isi Ogoni na nzukọ na-akwado gọọmentị, ma kwụgbuo ya na 1995 site n'aka ọchịchị aka ike nke General Sani Abacha. Ụlọikpe ndị agha Sani Abacha<ref>{{Cite web|title=Ken Saro-Wiwa's battle for justice|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2009/6/9/ken-saro-wiwas-battle-for-justice|accessdate=28 March 2022|work=www.aljazeera.com|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=23 October 2021|title=Buhari mulls pardon for Saro-Wiwa, others 26 years after execution|url=https://punchng.com/buhari-mulls-pardon-for-saro-wiwa-others-26-years-after-execution/|accessdate=1 March 2022|work=Punch Newspapers|language=en-US}}</ref> Ogbugbu ya kpasuru iwe mba ụwa ma mee ka a kwụsị Naịjirịa na Commonwealth of Nations ruo ihe karịrị afọ atọ. Commonwealth nke Mba<ref name=":8">{{Cite web|author=|date=5 July 2019|title=Ken Saro-Wiwa (1941–1995)|url=https://www.ogoninews.com/heroes/324-ken-saro-wiwa-1941-1995|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200725233831/https://www.ogoninews.com/heroes/324-ken-saro-wiwa-1941-1995|archivedate=25 July 2020|accessdate=27 May 2020|work=Ogoni News|language=en-gb}}</ref><ref name=":5">{{Cite web|date=10 November 2020|title=10 Quick Facts On Ken Saro-Wiwa|url=https://guardian.ng/life/10-quick-facts-on-ken-saro-wiwa/|accessdate=28 February 2022|work=The Guardian Nigeria News – Nigeria and World News|language=en-US|archivedate=5 April 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230405172444/https://guardian.ng/life/10-quick-facts-on-ken-saro-wiwa/}}</ref> == Akụkọ ndụ == === Oge ọ malitere === A mụrụ Kenule Saro-Wiwa na Bori, nso Port-Harcourt, Naijiria na 10 Ọktoba 1941. Bori Port-Harcourt, Naịjirịa<ref name=":7"/> Ọ bụ nwa Chief Jim Wiwa, onye na-elekọta ọhịa nke nwere utu aha na usoro ndị isi Naijiria, na nwunye ya nke atọ Widu. Jim Wiwa usoro ndị isi Naijiria Ọ gbanwere aha ya ka ọ bụrụ Saro-Wiwa mgbe Agha Obodo Naịjirịa gasịrị. Agha Obodo Naijiria [1] Ọ lụrụ Maria Saro Wiwa.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Ndege|first=Yvonne|date=10 November 2015|title=Ken Saro-Wiwa's widow talks about execution 20 years on|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2015/11/10/ken-saro-wiwas-widow-talks-about-execution-20-years-on|work=Al Jazeera|accessdate=2 March 2021|archivedate=28 February 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210228192101/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2015/11/10/ken-saro-wiwas-widow-talks-about-execution-20-years-on}}</ref> Obodo nna ya bụ obodo Bane, Ogoniland, nke ndị bi na ya na-asụ asụsụ Khana nke asụsụ Ogoni. Asụsụ Bane Ogoniland Khana Asụsụ Ogoni Ọ nọrọ n'ụlọ Anglican mgbe ọ bụ nwata ma mesịa gosipụta onwe ya na ọ bụ nwa akwụkwọ magburu onwe ya. Ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ praịmarị n'ụlọ akwụkwọ Native Authority dị na Bori, [1] wee gaa ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị na Government College Umuahia . [1] Gọọmentị kọleji Umuahia Nwa akwụkwọ a ma ama, ọ bụ onyeisi ndị otu egwuregwu tennis table ma nweta ihe nrite ụlọ akwụkwọ na akụkọ ihe mere eme na Bekee. [14] Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ sekọndrị, ọ nwetara agụmakwụkwọ iji mụọ Bekee na Mahadum Ibadan. Mahadum nke Ibadan Na Ibadan, ọ banyere n'ihe gbasara agụmakwụkwọ na ọdịbendị, ọ meriri ihe nrite ngalaba na 1963 na 1965 ma rụọ ọrụ maka otu ndị na-eme ihe nkiri. Ibadan [1] Ndị na-eme ihe nkiri na-eme njem na Kano, Benin, Ilorin na Lagos ma soro otu ihe nkiri Nottingham Playhouse rụkọọ ọrụ nke gụnyere Judi Dench na-eto eto. Kano Benin Ilorin Lagos Nottingham Playhouse Judi Dench [1] Ọ ghọrọ onye enyemaka nkuzi na Mahadum Lagos ma mesịa na Mahadim Naịjirịa, Nsukka. Mahadum Lagos Mahadum Nigeria, Nsukka Ọ bụ onye nkuzi akwụkwọ Afrịka na Nsukka mgbe agha obodo malitere, ọ kwadoro Gọọmentị etiti ma hapụ mpaghara ahụ gaa n'obodo ya na Bori. Nsukka Na njem ya na Port-Harcourt, ọ hụrụ ọtụtụ ndị gbara ọsọ ndụ na-alaghachi n'Ebe Ọwụwa Anyanwụ, ihe ọ kọwara dị ka "ihe na-ewute ịhụ". Ndị gbara ọsọ ndụ na Port-Harcourt [1] Ụbọchị atọ mgbe ọ bịarutere Bonny, ọ dara n'aka ndị agha gọọmentị etiti. Bonny Ya na ezinụlọ ya wee nọrọ na Bonny, ọ laghachiri Lagos wee were ọnọdụ na Mahadum Lagos nke na-adịteghị aka ka a kpọrọ ya na Bonny. Ọdọ Mmiri<ref>{{Cite web|title=Spotlight On Ken Saro-Wiwa -- Environmental Rights Activist|url=https://nigerdeltaconnect.com/spotlight-on-ken-saro-wiwa-environmental-rights-activist/|accessdate=1 March 2022|work=nigerdeltaconnect.com|date=16 October 2021|language=en-US|archivedate=28 February 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220228105922/https://nigerdeltaconnect.com/spotlight-on-ken-saro-wiwa-environmental-rights-activist/}}</ref> Ụfọdụ n'ime ndị ọka iwu ndị a na-ebo ebubo gbara arụkwaghịm iji mee mkpesa megide ebubo ebubo nke ikpe ahụ site n'aka ọchịchị Abacha. Ịgba arụkwaghịm ahụ hapụrụ ndị a na-ebo ebubo n'onwe ha megide ụlọ ikpe ahụ, nke gara n'ihu na-eweta ndị akaebe iji gbaa akaebe megide Saro-Wiwa na ndị ọgbọ ya. Ọtụtụ n'ime ndị akaebe a na-eche na ha mechara kweta na gọọmentị Naijiria nyere ha aka azụ iji kwado ebubo mpụ ahụ. Ọ dịkarịa ala ndị akaebe abụọ gbara akaebe na Saro-Wiwa tinyere aka na ogbugbu nke ndị okenye Ogoni mechara gbanwee, na-ekwu na e ji ego na ọrụ na Shell nyere ha iji nye akaebe ụgha, n'ihu onye ọka iwu Shell.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Entine|first=Jon|url=http://www.aei.org/publication/seeds-of-ngo-activism-shell-capitulates-in-saro-wiwa-case/|title=Seeds of NGO Activism: Shell Capitulates in Saro-Wiwa Case|publisher=NGO Watch|date=18 June 2009|accessdate=14 November 2011|archivedate=8 May 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150508150554/http://www.aei.org/publication/seeds-of-ngo-activism-shell-capitulates-in-saro-wiwa-case/}}</ref> Ndị otu na-ahụ maka ihe ndị ruuru mmadụ katọrọ ikpe ahụ n'ọtụtụ ebe, ọnwa isii ka e mesịrị, Saro-Wiwa natara Right Livelihood Award maka obi ike ya, yana Goldman Environmental Prize. Ihe nrite Goldman maka gburugburu ebe obibi<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.goldmanprize.org/recipient/ken-saro-wiwa/|title=Ken Saro-Wiwa|publisher=The Goldman Environmental Prize|year=1995|accessdate=14 November 2011|archivedate=5 April 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150405205945/http://www.goldmanprize.org/recipient/ken-saro-wiwa/}}</ref> N'abalị asatọ n'ọnwa Nọvemba n'afọ 1995, kansụl ndị agha kwadoro ikpe ọnwụ.<ref>{{Cite web|title=The Death of Ken Saro-Wiwa|url=https://platformlondon.org/background/the-death-of-ken-saro-wiwa/|accessdate=27 September 2022|language=en-GB}}</ref> Gọọmentị ndị agha wee gaa ozugbo iji mezuo ha. A họọrọ ụlọ mkpọrọ dị na Port Harcourt dị ka ebe a ga-egbu ya. Ọdụ Ụgbọ Mmiri Harcourt Ọ bụ ezie na gọọmentị chọrọ imezu ikpe ahụ ozugbo, ọ ga-echere ụbọchị abụọ ka e wuo osisi. N'ime awa ole na ole a kwadoro ikpe ahụ, e bugara igbe ozu itoolu n'ụlọ mkpọrọ, n'echi ya, e si na Sokoto bubata otu ndị na-egbu mmadụ na Port Harcourt. Sokoto<ref name="apnews">{{Cite web|author=Aigbogun|first=Frank|date=13 November 1995|title=Nigerian Activist's Last Words: 'The Struggle Continues'|url=https://apnews.com/article/b67c33cdb8573a29a2391d0754c0349b|work=AP NEWS|accessdate=2 March 2021|archivedate=14 November 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20201114193018/https://apnews.com/article/b67c33cdb8573a29a2391d0754c0349b}}</ref> On 10 November 1995, Saro-Wiwa and the rest of the Ogoni Nine were taken from the army base where they were being held to Port Harcourt prison.<ref>{{Cite web|title=NIGERIA|url=https://www.hrw.org/reports/1995/Nigeria.htm|access-date=1 March 2022|website=www.hrw.org}}</ref> They were told that they were being moved to Port Harcourt because it was feared that the army base they were being held in might be attacked by Ogoni youths. The prison was heavily guarded by riot police and tanks, and hundreds of people lined the streets in anticipation of the executions. After arriving at Port Harcourt prison, Saro-Wiwa and the others were herded into a single room and their wrists and ankles were shackled. They were then led one by one to the gallows and executed by hanging, with Saro-Wiwa being the first. It took five tries to execute him due to faulty equipment.<ref name="apnews2">{{Cite web|last=Aigbogun|first=Frank|date=13 November 1995|title=Nigerian Activist's Last Words: 'The Struggle Continues'|url=https://apnews.com/article/b67c33cdb8573a29a2391d0754c0349b|url-status=live|website=AP NEWS|access-date=2 March 2021|archive-date=14 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201114193018/https://apnews.com/article/b67c33cdb8573a29a2391d0754c0349b}}</ref> His last words were: "Lord take my soul, but the struggle continues." After the executions, the bodies were taken to the Port Harcourt Cemetery under armed guard and buried.<ref name="cemetery12">{{cite web|last=AP|date=11 November 1995|title=Nigeria's Military Leaders Hang Playwright And 8 Other Activists|url=http://www.deseretnews.com/article/450161/NIGERIAS-MILITARY-LEADERS-HANG-PLAYWRIGHT-AND-8-OTHER-ACTIVISTS.html?pg=all|url-status=live|access-date=7 July 2014|work=Deseretnews.com|publisher=Deseret News Publishing Company|archive-date=27 July 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140727171443/http://www.deseretnews.com/article/450161/NIGERIAS-MILITARY-LEADERS-HANG-PLAYWRIGHT-AND-8-OTHER-ACTIVISTS.html?pg=all|accessdate=6 October 2023|archivedate=27 July 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140727171443/http://www.deseretnews.com/article/450161/NIGERIAS-MILITARY-LEADERS-HANG-PLAYWRIGHT-AND-8-OTHER-ACTIVISTS.html?pg=all}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Aigbogun|first=Frank|title=It took five tries to hang Saro-Wiwa|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/it-took-five-tries-to-hang-saro-wiwa-1581703.html|url-status=live|access-date=22 October 2011|newspaper=The Independent|date=13 November 1995|archive-date=20 December 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151220084703/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/it-took-five-tries-to-hang-saro-wiwa-1581703.html}}</ref> Anticipating disturbances as a result of the executions, the Nigerian government deployed tens of thousands of troops and riot police to two southern provinces and major oil refineries around the country. The Port Harcourt Cemetery was surrounded by soldiers and tanks.<ref>{{Cite web|last1=Crawshaw|first1=Steve|last2=Maier|first2=Karl|date=11 November 1995|title=World fury as Nigeria sends writer to gallows|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world-fury-as-nigeria-sends-writer-to-gallows-1581289.html|url-status=live|access-date=22 October 2011|website=The Independent|archive-date=24 November 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091124033125/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world-fury-as-nigeria-sends-writer-to-gallows-1581289.html}}</ref><ref name="apnews2"/>.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Crawshaw|first=Steve|date=11 November 1995|title=World fury as Nigeria sends writer to gallows|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world-fury-as-nigeria-sends-writer-to-gallows-1581289.html|accessdate=22 October 2011|work=The Independent|archivedate=24 November 2009|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20091124033125/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world-fury-as-nigeria-sends-writer-to-gallows-1581289.html}}</ref><ref name="apnews" /> Mgbukpọ ahụ kpatara iwe nke mba ụwa. Nzukọ Ezumezu nke Mba Ndị Dị n'Otu katọrọ ogbugbu ahụ na mkpebi nke 101 kwadoro na 14 megide na 47 abstentions. Nzukọ Ezumezu nke Mba Ndị Dị n'Otu<ref>{{Cite web|date=22 December 1995|title=ASSEMBLY CONDEMNS ARBITRARY EXECUTION OF KEN SARO-WIWA AND EIGHT CO-DEFENDANTS IN NIGERIA BY VOTE OF 101-14-47|url=https://www.un.org/press/en/1995/19951222.ga9046.html|work=www.un.org|accessdate=25 June 2020|archivedate=15 June 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200615144444/https://www.un.org/press/en/1995/19951222.ga9046.html}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=ASSEMBLY CONDEMNS ARBITRARY EXECUTION OF KEN SARO-WIWA AND EIGHT CO-DEFENDANTS IN NIGERIA BY VOTE OF 101-14-47 {{!}} UN Press|url=https://press.un.org/en/1995/19951222.ga9046.html|accessdate=27 September 2022|work=press.un.org}}</ref> European Union katọrọ ogbugbu ahụ, nke ọ kpọrọ "omume obi ọjọọ na nke obi ọjọọ", ma tinye mmachibido iwu na Naịjirịa. Njikọ Europe<ref name="blockade">{{Cite news|author=Plaut|first=Martin|date=31 December 2019|title=UK and US considered Nigeria naval blockade over Saro-Wiwa execution|work=BBC News|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-50892306|accessdate=19 July 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/home/en|title=Press corner|work=European Commission - European Commission|accessdate=2 March 2021|archivedate=27 April 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210427065403/https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/home/en}}</ref> United States kpọghachiri onye nnọchi anya ya site na Naijiria, tinye mmachibido iwu maka ngwá agha na Naijeria, ma tinye mmachi njem na ndị otu ọchịchị ndị agha Naijiria na ezinụlọ ha.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Hartman|first=Carl|date=11 November 1995|title=U.S. Recalls Ambassador After Nigeria Executes Nine Activists|work=Associated Press|url=https://apnews.com/article/0f5de90d3224dc88e8f9b807fd5206a3|accessdate=19 July 2021}}</ref> United Kingdom chetara onye isi kọmishọna ya na Naịjirịa, na Praịm Minista Britain John Major kpọrọ ogbugbu ahụ "ogbugbu ikpe". South Africa keere òkè dị mkpa n'ịdute nkatọ mba ụwa, na Onye isi ala Nelson Mandela na-agba ume ka a kwụsị Naịjiria na Commonwealth of Nations. John Major Nelson Mandela Commonwealth of Nations<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qz9BlWO7ExwC&pg=PA129|title=Repressive State and Resurgent Media Under Nigeria's Military Dictatorship, 1988-98|first=Ayo|author=Olukotun|date=2 March 2004|publisher=Nordic Africa Institute|isbn=9789171065247|accessdate=29 June 2020}}</ref> Zimbabwe na Kenya kwadokwara Mandela, na Onye isi ala Kenya Daniel arap Moi na Onye isi oche Zimbabwe Robert Mugabe na-akwado arịrịọ Mandela ka ọ kwụsị ịbụ onye otu Commonwealth nke Nigeria, mana ọtụtụ ndị isi Afrịka ndị ọzọ katọrọ aro ahụ. Daniel arap Moi Robert Mugabe A kwụsịtụrụ ịbụ onye otu Naịjirịa na Commonwealth of Nations, a na-eyi egwu ịchụpụ Naịjirị ma ọ bụrụ na ọ gaghị agafe na ọchịchị onye kwuo uche ya n'ime afọ abụọ. Gọọmentị US na nke Britain kwurịtakwara na enwere ike ịmachibido mmanụ site na mgbochi ụgbọ mmiri nke Naịjirịa.<ref name="blockade" /><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ipsnews.net/1995/11/commonwealth-nigeria-suspended-with-a-two-year-stay-of-expulsion/|title=COMMONWEALTH-NIGERIA: Suspended With a Two-Year Stay of Expulsion|date=12 November 1995|work=Inter Press Service|accessdate=25 June 2020|archivedate=2 August 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200802230302/http://www.ipsnews.net/1995/11/commonwealth-nigeria-suspended-with-a-two-year-stay-of-expulsion/}}</ref> E guzobere ntọala Ken Saro-Wiwa na 2017 iji rụọ ọrụ iji meziwanye ohere ịnweta ihe ndị dị mkpa dịka ọkụ eletrik na Ịntanetị maka ndị ọchụnta ego na Port Harcourt. ndị ọchụnta ego Port Harcourt<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=http://www.dailydigest.ng/apply-now-ken-saro-wiwa-foundation-ken-junior-award-innovation-2017/|title=Apply Now: Ken Saro Wiwa Foundation Ken Junior Award For Innovation 2017|author=Asika|first=Obiageli|date=23 August 2017|work=DailyDigest Nigeria|language=en-US|accessdate=29 August 2019|archivedate=29 August 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190829115052/https://www.dailydigest.ng/apply-now-ken-saro-wiwa-foundation-ken-junior-award-innovation-2017/}}</ref> Njikọ ahụ guzobere Ken Junior Award, nke akpọrọ aha nwa Saro-Wiwa Ken Wiwa, onye nwụrụ n'ọnwa Ọktoba 2016. Ken Wiwa<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.stakeholderdemocracy.org/the-ken-junior-award-for-innovation/|title=Ken Saro-Wiwa Foundation award for innovation|author=Alexander Sewell|work=SDN|date=6 March 2018|language=en-GB|accessdate=29 August 2019|archivedate=29 August 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190829115030/https://www.stakeholderdemocracy.org/the-ken-junior-award-for-innovation/}}</ref> A na-enye ụlọ ọrụ teknụzụ na-amalite ọhụrụ na Port Harcourt onyinye ahụ. Ọdụ Ụgbọ Mmiri Harcourt<ref name=":1" /> == Ikpe ezinụlọ megide Royal Dutch Shell ==   Malite na 1996, Center for Constitutional Rights (CCR), Earth Rights International (ERI), Paul Hoffman nke Schonbrun, DeSimone, Seplow, Harris & Hoffman na ndị ọka iwu ndị ọzọ na-ahụ maka ihe ndị ruuru mmadụ wetara usoro ikpe iji mee ka Shell bụrụ onye na-aza ajụjụ maka mmebi ikike mmadụ na Naịjirịa, gụnyere igbu ọchụ, mpụ megide mmadụ, ịta ahụhụ, mmeso obi ọjọọ na njide na njide. Center for Constitutional Rights attorneys mkpirikpi mkpirikpa mkpirikpu mkpirik<ref>{{Cite web|title=Factsheet: Shell's Environmental Devastation in Nigeria|url=https://ccrjustice.org/node/2515|accessdate=1 March 2022|work=Center for Constitutional Rights|language=en}}</ref> A na-ebo Royal Dutch Shell na Brian Anderson, onye isi ọrụ ya na Naijiria, ebubo.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://wiwavshell.org/|title=Wiwa et al v. Royal Dutch Petroleum et al.|work=Center for Constitutional Rights|accessdate=15 May 2009|archivedate=26 March 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150326065947/http://wiwavshell.org/}}</ref> E webatara ikpe ndị ahụ n'okpuru Iwu Mgbukpọ nke Abịgara Ala Ọzọ, iwu 1789 nke na-enye ụmụ amaala na-abụghị ndị US ikike itinye akwụkwọ n'ụlọ ikpe US maka mmebi ikike mmadụ nke mba ụwa, na Iwu Nchedo Mgbukgba, nke na-eme ka ndị mmadụ nwee ike ịchọ mmebi na US maka ịta ahụhụ ma ọ bụ igbu ọchụ na-abụghị nke ikpe, n'agbanyeghị ebe mmebi iwu ahụ na-ewere ọnọdụ. Iwu Mmetụta Ndị Ala Ọzọ Iwu Mmetọ Ndị E Ji Egwu na-ahụ Maka Nchebe Iwu<ref>{{Cite web|title=The Alien Tort Statute – CJA|url=https://cja.org/what-we-do/litigation/legal-strategy/the-alien-tort-statute/|accessdate=1 March 2022|language=en-US|archivedate=1 March 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220301044751/https://cja.org/what-we-do/litigation/legal-strategy/the-alien-tort-statute/}}</ref> United States Court District Court for the Southern District of New York wepụtara ụbọchị ikpe nke June 2009. Na 9 June 2009 Shell kwetara na mkpezi n’ụlọ ikpe nke US $15.5 nde maka ezinụlọ ndị ihe metụtara.  .  Agbanyeghị, ụlọ ọrụ ahụ gọnarịrị ụgwọ ọ bụla maka ọnwụ ndị ahụ, na-ekwupụta na ịkwụ ụgwọ ahụ bụ akụkụ nke usoro ngbanwe.[57].  N'okwu e nyere mgbe nkesa ahụ gasịrị, Shell tụrụ aro ka a na-enye ndị ikwu Saro-Wiwa na mmadụ asatọ ndị ọzọ metụtara ego ahụ, iji kpuchie ụgwọ iwu nke ikpe ahụ yana kwa iji kwado ihe ndị mere na mpaghara ahụ.  [58]  A na-atụkwa anya na a ga-eji ụfọdụ n'ime ego ahụ wepụta ntụkwasị obi mmepe maka ndị Ndị Ogoni, bụ ndị bi na  Niger Delta mpaghara Nigeria.[59]  Emere mmezi ahụ ụbọchị ole na ole tupu ikpe a, nke nwa Saro-Wiwa wetara, ga-amalite na New York.[58].<ref name="NYT">{{Cite news|title=Shell to Pay $15.5 Million to Settle Nigerian Case|work=New York Times|date=9 June 2009|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2009/06/09/business/global/09shell.html?_r=1&partner=rss&emc=rss|accessdate=9 June 2009|first=Jad|author=Mouawad}}</ref> == Ihe Nketa == Ọnwụ ya kpaliri iwe mba ụwa na nkwụsịtụ ozugbo nke Naịjirịa na Commonwealth of Nations, yana ịkpọghachi ọtụtụ ndị nnọchi anya mba ọzọ maka ndụmọdụ. Ndị nnọchi anya mba Commonwealth<ref>{{Cite web|title=Ken Saro-Wiwa's battle for justice|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2009/6/9/ken-saro-wiwas-battle-for-justice|accessdate=1 March 2022|publisher=www.aljazeera.com|language=en}}</ref> United States na mba ndị ọzọ tụlere itinye mmachibido iwu akụ na ụba. ntaramahụhụ akụ na ụba<ref>{{Cite web|author=Wiwa|first=Ken|date=10 November 2015|title=Finally it seems as if Ken Saro-Wiwa, my father, may not have died in vain|url=http://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2015/nov/10/ken-saro-wiwa-father-nigeria-ogoniland-oil-pollution|accessdate=31 March 2021|publisher=The Guardian|language=en|archivedate=14 April 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210414130632/https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2015/nov/10/ken-saro-wiwa-father-nigeria-ogoniland-oil-pollution}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|publisher=Deutsche Welle|title=Why Nigerian activist Ken Saro-Wiwa was executed|date=9 November 2015|url=https://www.dw.com/en/why-nigerian-activist-ken-saro-wiwa-was-executed/a-18837442|accessdate=31 March 2021|language=en-GB|archivedate=14 March 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210314143809/https://www.dw.com/en/why-nigerian-activist-ken-saro-wiwa-was-executed/a-18837442}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=NGOs and BBC targeted by Shell PR machine in wake of Saro-Wiwa death|url=https://www.business-humanrights.org/en/latest-news/ngos-and-bbc-targeted-by-shell-pr-machine-in-wake-of-saro-wiwa-death/|accessdate=31 March 2021|publisher=Business & Human Rights Resource Centre|language=en|archivedate=1 May 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501130849/https://www.business-humanrights.org/en/latest-news/ngos-and-bbc-targeted-by-shell-pr-machine-in-wake-of-saro-wiwa-death/}}</ref> Ogbugbu nke Saro-Wiwa gosipụtara mmalite nke azụmahịa na ikike mmadụ nke mba ụwa (BHR). azụmahịa na ikike mmadụ<ref>{{Cite book|title=Research Handbook on Human Rights and Business|editor=David Birchall|publisher=Edward Elgar Publishing Limited|year=2020|isbn=9781786436405|pages=24-25}}</ref> == Ụtụ Isi == Ụtụ isi Ken Saro-Wiwa gụnyere: Ụtụ isi === Ihe osise na ihe ncheta === * E kpughere ihe ncheta Saro-Wiwa na London na 10 Nọvemba 2006 site na nzukọ London Platform. Ebe a na-anọ eme ihe na London<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://arts.guardian.co.uk/flash/page/0,,1944783,00.html|publisher=The Guardian|title=Remembering Ken Saro-Wiwa|accessdate=7 May 2010}}</ref> O nwere ihe a tụrụ atụ n'ụdị bọs ma onye na-ese ihe na Naijiria bụ Sokari Douglas Camp kere ya. Ihe a tụrụ atụ Sokari Douglas Camp Ọ gara UK n'afọ sochirinụ.<ref>{{Cite web|title=UNPO: Ogoni: Saro Wiwa Sculpture Finds New Home in London|url=https://unpo.org/article/12827|accessdate=1 March 2022|publisher=unpo.org|archivedate=1 March 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220301043732/https://unpo.org/article/12827}}</ref> === Onyinye === * Association of Nigerian Authors bụ onye na-akwado Ken Saro-Wiwa Prize for Prose. Njikọ nke Ndị Naijiria Naijiria<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://writezakama.wordpress.com/2012/03/18/2012-association-of-nigerian-authors-ana-prizes-call-for-entries/|title=2012 Association of Nigerian Authors [ANA] Prizes: CALL FOR ENTRIES|publisher=Kabura Zakama Randomised|date=18 March 2012|accessdate=6 November 2013|archivedate=23 August 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120823142223/http://writezakama.wordpress.com/2012/03/18/2012-association-of-nigerian-authors-ana-prizes-call-for-entries/}}</ref> * A na-akpọ Saro-Wiwa onye edemede site na The My Hero Project. Ọrụ Onye dike m<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://myhero.com/hero.asp?hero=k_sarowiwa|title=Ken Saro-Wiwa|publisher=The My Hero Project|accessdate=5 December 2016|archivedate=20 December 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161220074917/http://myhero.com/hero.asp?hero=k_sarowiwa}}</ref> * Akwụkwọ akụkọ America Foreign Policy depụtara Ken Saro-Wiwa n'akụkụ Mahatma Gandhi, Eleanor Roosevelt, Corazon Aquino na Václav Havel dị ka ndị "na-enwetụbeghị ihe nrite Nobel Peace Prize, mana ha kwesịrị". Iwu Mba Ọzọ Mahatma Gandhi Eleanor Roosevelt Corazon Aquino Václav Havel Nobel Peace Prize<ref>{{Cite news|author=James|first=Frank|title=Nobel Peace Prize's Notable Omissions|work=NPR|date=9 October 2009|url=https://www.npr.org/blogs/thetwo-way/2009/10/nobel_peace_prizes_notable_omi.html|accessdate=15 March 2023}}</ref> === Akwụkwọ === * A na-ehota ogbugbu ya ma jiri ya mee ihe dị ka ihe mkpali maka akwụkwọ akụkọ Beverley Naidoo The Other Side of Truth (2000). Beverley Naidoo Akụkụ nke Ọzọ nke Eziokwu<ref>{{Cite web|title=Beverley Naidoo - writer, author, novelist, children's author, Journey to Jo'burg, UK, SA - writing the other side of truth|url=https://beverleynaidoo.com/writing-the-other-side-of-truth/|accessdate=1 March 2022|language=en-US}}</ref> * Richard North Patterson bipụtara akwụkwọ akụkọ, Eclipse (2009), dabere na ndụ Saro-Wiwa. Richard North Patterson Eclipse<ref>{{Cite web|title=Richard North Patterson author interview|url=https://www.bookbrowse.com/author_interviews/full/index.cfm/author_number/290/richard-north-patterson|publisher=BookBrowse.com|accessdate=29 December 2015|archivedate=4 March 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304120358/https://www.bookbrowse.com/author_interviews/full/index.cfm/author_number/290/richard-north-patterson}}</ref> === Kenule Beeson Saro-Wiwa Polytechnic === * Gọvanọ nke Rivers State, Ezenwo Nyesom Wike, gbanwere aha Rivers State Polytechnic mgbe Saro-Wiwa. Gọvanọ nke Rivers State Ezenwo Nyesom Wike<ref>{{Cite web|date=11 July 2015|title=Elected Governor Wike Renames Rivers State Polytechnic|url=https://www.dailyschoolnews.com.ng/newly-elected-governor-wike-renames-rivers-state-polytechnic/|accessdate=28 February 2022|publisher=Nigeria Universities - Polytechnics and College of Education news|language=en-US}}</ref> === Mahadum Maynooth === Nwanne nwanyị Majella McCarron nyere mkpokọta akwụkwọ ozi ejiri aka dee nke Saro-Wiwa na Mahadum Maynooth.  Nchịkọta ahụ gụnyere abụ iri abụọ na asaa, ndekọ nke nleta na nzukọ ndị ezinụlọ na ndị enyi mgbe Saro-Wiwa nwụsịrị, nchịkọta foto na akwụkwọ ndị ọzọ.  Akwụkwọ ozi ndị a dị ugbu a na Digital Repository of Ireland (DRI).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://repository.dri.ie/catalog/5999r405z|title=Ken Saro-Wiwa - Digital Repository of Ireland|publisher=repository.dri.ie|accessdate=14 January 2017|archivedate=3 July 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150703124327/http://repository.dri.ie/catalog/5999r405z}}</ref> Ken Saro-Wiwa Archive dị na Special Collections na Mahadum Maynooth.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.maynoothuniversity.ie/library/collections/ken-saro-wiwa-audio-archive|title=Ken Saro Wiwa Audio Archive &#124; Maynooth University|publisher=www.maynoothuniversity.ie|accessdate=14 January 2017|archivedate=15 December 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161215040032/https://www.maynoothuniversity.ie/library/collections/ken-saro-wiwa-audio-archive}}</ref> === Egwú === * Ndị otu egwu Itali bụ Il Teatro degli Orrori raara abụ ha "A sangue freddo" ("N'ọbara oyi" - bụkwa aha egwu nke abọm nke abụọ ha) nye Saro-Wiwa. Il Teatro degli Orrori<ref>{{Cite web|author=((Super User))|title=Ken Saro-Wiwa (1941-1995)|url=https://www.ogoninews.com/heroes-list/137-ken-saro-wiwa-1941-1995|accessdate=1 March 2022|publisher=Ogoni News|language=en-gb|archivedate=26 February 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220226175635/https://www.ogoninews.com/heroes-list/137-ken-saro-wiwa-1941-1995}}</ref> * Ndị otu Finland Ultra Bra raara abụ ha "Ken Saro-Wiwa on__ilo____ilo____ilo__" ("Ken Saro -Wiwa anwụọla") nye Saro-Viwa. Ultra Bra nke Finland<ref>Ultra Bra (1996), "Ken Saro-Wiwa on kuollut" on their album ''Vapaaherran elämää''.</ref> * Ogbugbu Saro-Wiwa kpaliri egwu "Rational" nke otu egwu Canada bụ King Cobb Steelie. Eze Cobb Steelie<ref>King Cobb Steelie (1997), "Rational" on their album ''[[Junior Relaxer]]''.</ref> * Onye na-agụ egwu Naijiria Nneka na-ezo aka na Saro-Wiwa n'abụ ya "Soul is Heavy". Nneka<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://genius.com/2212907|title=Soul Is Heavy song lyrics|publisher=Genius.com|accessdate=17 December 2019|archivedate=19 July 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210719061329/https://genius.com/Nneka-soul-is-heavy-lyrics?referent_id=2212907}}</ref><ref>Nneka (2011), "Soul is Heavy" on her album ''Soul Is Heavy''</ref> === Okporo ámá === Amsterdam kpọrọ otu okporo ámá aha Saro-Wiwa, Ken Saro-Viwastraat. Amsterdam Ken Saro-Wiwastraat<ref>{{Cite web|date=22 June 2016|title=Street named after Ken Saro Wiwa in Amsterdam (photos)|url=https://www.lindaikejisblog.com/2016/06/street-named-after-ken-saro-wiwa-in.html|accessdate=1 March 2022|publisher=Linda Ikeji's Blog|language=en}}</ref> == Ihe nkiri == A na-agbasa ihe ngosi BBC World Service Radio, "Silence Would Be Treason", na Jenụwarị 2022. BBC World Ọ bụ nwa ya nwanyị Noo Saro-Wiwa na-egosi ya ma Ben Arogundade na-ekwupụta ya. Noo Saro-Wiwa<ref>{{Cite news|author=McGreevy|first=Ronan|title=Last letters of Nigerian activist published|url=https://www.irishtimes.com/news/ireland/irish-news/last-letters-of-nigerian-activist-published-1.1587713|accessdate=1 March 2022|work=The Irish Times|language=en}}</ref> == Ndụ onwe onye == Ya na nwunye ya Maria nwere ụmụ ise, ndị ha na nne ha tolitere na United Kingdom mgbe nna ha nọgidere na Nigeria.  Ha na-agụnye:  Saro-Wiwa nwere ụmụ nwanyị abụọ (Singto na Adele) na nwanyị ọzọ.[83]  Ọ mụtakwara nwa nwoke ọzọ, Kwame Saro-Wiwa, bụ́ onye dị nanị otu afọ mgbe e gburu nna ya.[85].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.opendemocracy.net/en/from-silence-would-be-treason-last-writings-of-ken-saro-wiwa/|title=From 'Silence Would Be Treason' - the last writings of Ken Saro-Wiwa|work=openDemocracy|accessdate=2 March 2021|archivedate=16 January 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210116232747/https://www.opendemocracy.net/en/from-silence-would-be-treason-last-writings-of-ken-saro-wiwa/}}</ref> == Akụkọ ndụ ya == * Onye edemede Canada bụ J. Timothy Hunt's The Politics of Bones (September 2005), nke e bipụtara obere oge tupu ncheta afọ 10 nke ogbugbu Saro-Wiwa, dekọrọ ọpụpụ nke nwanne Saro-Viwa Owens Wiwa, mgbe ogbugbu nwanne ya nwoke na njide ya na-abịanụ, gaa London wee gaa Canada, ebe ọ bụ nwa amaala ugbu a ma na-aga n'ihu na ọgụ nwanne ya nwoke maka ndị Ogoni. J. Timothy Hunt The Politics of Bones Owens Wiwa Ọzọkwa, ọ bụkwa akụkọ banyere agha onwe onye Owens na gọọmentị Naijiria iji chọta ozu nwanne ya nwoke mgbe e liri ha n'ili a na-amaghị aha ya.<ref>{{Cite web|date=21 October 2005|title=The Politics of Bones: Dr. Owens Wiwa and the Struggle for Nigeria's Oil|url=https://quillandquire.com/review/the-politics-of-bones-dr-owens-wiwa-and-the-struggle-for-nigeria-s-oil/|accessdate=1 March 2022|work=Quill and Quire|language=en}}</ref> * Ogoni's Agonies: Ken Saro Wiwa and the Crisis in Nigeria (1998), nke Abdul Rasheed Naʾallah dezigharịrị, na-enye ozi ndị ọzọ gbasara ọgụ nke ndị Ogoni'Sagoni: Ken Sara Wiwa and The Crisis in Abdul Nigeria Rasheed Naʿallah<ref>{{Cite book|author=|title=Ogoni's Agonies: Ken Saro Wiwa and the Crisis in Nigeria|date=1998|publisher=Africa World Press|isbn=0865436479|editor=Na'Allah}}</ref> * Akwụkwọ Onookome Okome, Before I Am Hanged: Ken Saro-Wiwa - Literature, Politics, and Dissent (1999) bụ nchịkọta nke edemede banyere Wiwa Before I Am hanged: Ken Daro-Wuwa - Literature.<ref>{{Cite book|author=Okome, Onookome|title=Before I Am Hanged: Ken Saro-Wiwa—Literature, Politics, and Dissent|date=1999|publisher=Africa World Press}}</ref> * In the Shadow of a Saint: A Son's Journey to Understanding His Father's Legacy (2000), bụ nwa ya nwoke Ken Wiwa dere ya. N'okpuru onyinyo nke Onye Nsọ: Njem Nwa Iji ghọta Ihe Nketa Nna Ya Ken Wiwa * E bipụtara akwụkwọ akụkọ nke Saro-Wiwa, A Month and a Day: A Detention Diary, na Jenụwarị 1995, ọnwa abụọ ka e gbusịrị ya. Otu ọnwa na Otu Ụbọchị: Akwụkwọ Nchịkọta * Na Looking for Transwonderland - Travels in Nigeria, nwa ya nwanyị Noo Saro-Wiwa na-akọ akụkọ banyere nloghachi ya na Naịjirịa ọtụtụ afọ mgbe e gbusịrị nna ya. Ịchọta Transwonderland - Njem na Naịjirịa Noo Saro-Wiwa == Akwụkwọ == * {{Cite book|author=Saro-Wiwa|first=Ken|title=Tambari|year=1973|publisher=Longman Nigeria|location=Ikeja|isbn=978-0-582-60135-2}} * {{Cite book|author=Saro-Wiwa|first=Ken|title=Tambari in Dukana|year=1979|publisher=Longman|location=Lagos, Nigeria|isbn=978-0-582-60137-6}} * {{Cite book|author=Saro-Wiwa|first=Ken|title=A Bride for Mr. B|year=1983|publisher=Saros International|location=Port Harcourt, Nigeria|isbn=978-1-870716-26-0}} * {{Cite book|author=Saro-Wiwa|first=Ken|title=Songs in a Time of War|year=1985|publisher=Saros|location=Port Harcourt|isbn=9789782460004|url=https://archive.org/details/songsintimeofwar00saro}} * {{Cite book|author=Saro-Wiwa|first=Ken|title=Sozaboy: A Novel in Rotten English|year=1986|publisher=Saros|location=Port Harcourt|isbn=978-2460-02-8}} * {{Cite book|author=Saro-Wiwa|first=Ken|title=A Forest of Flowers|year=1986|publisher=Saros International|location=Port Harcourt|isbn=9780582273207}} * {{Cite book|author=Saro-Wiwa|first=Ken|title=Mr. B|year=1987|publisher=Saros|location=Port Harcourt, Nigeria|isbn=978-1-870716-01-7}} * {{Cite book|author=Saro-Wiwa|first=Ken|title=Basi and Company: A Modern African Folktale|year=1987|publisher=Saros|location=Port Harcourt, Nigeria|isbn=978-1-870716-00-0|url=https://archive.org/details/basicompanymode00saro}} * {{Cite book|author=Saro-Wiwa|first=Ken|title=Basi and Company: Four Television Plays|year=1987|publisher=Saros|location=Port Harcourt, Nigeria|isbn=978-1-870716-03-1}} * {{Cite book|author=Saro-Wiwa|first=Ken|title=Prisoners of Jebs|year=1988|publisher=Saros|location=Port Harcourt [u.a.]|isbn=978-1-870716-02-4|url=https://archive.org/details/prisonersofjebsa00kens}} * {{Cite book|author=Saro-Wiwa|first=Ken|title=Mr. B Goes to Lagos|year=1989|publisher=Saros International|location=Port Harcourt, Nigeria|isbn=9789782460059}} * {{Cite book|author=Saro-Wiwa|first=Ken|title=Adaku & Other Stories|year=1989|publisher=Saros International|location=London|isbn=1-870716-10-8}} * {{Cite book|author=Saro-Wiwa|first=Ken|title=Four Farcical Plays|year=1989|publisher=Saros International|location=London|isbn=1-870716-09-4}} * {{Cite book|author=Saro-Wiwa|first=Ken|title=On a Darkling Plain: An Account of the Nigerian Civil War|year=1989|publisher=Saros|location=Epsom|isbn=1-870716-11-6}} * {{Cite book|author=Saro-Wiwa|first=Ken|title=The Transistor Radio|year=1989|publisher=Saros International|location=Port Harcourt, Nigeria|isbn=978-1-870716-06-2}} * {{Cite book|author=Saro-Wiwa|first=Ken|title=Nigeria: The Brink of Disaster|year=1991|publisher=Saros International|location=Port Harcourt, Nigeria|isbn=9781870716161}} * {{Cite book|author=Saro-Wiwa|first=Ken|title=Similia: Essays on Anomic Nigeria|year=1991|publisher=Saros International|location=London|isbn=978-2460-20-6}} * {{Cite book|author=Saro-Wiwa|first=Ken|title=Pita Dumbrok's Prison|year=1991|publisher=Saros International|location=Port Harcourt, Nigeria|isbn=978-2460-19-2}} * {{Cite book|author=Saro-Wiwa|first=Ken|title=Mr. B Is Dead|year=1991|publisher=Saros International Publishers|location=London, Lagos, Port Harcourt|isbn=1-870716-14-0}} * {{Cite book|author=Saro-Wiwa|first=Ken|title=Segi Finds the Radio|year=1991|publisher=Saros International|location=Port Harcourt, Nigeria|isbn=978-1-870716-12-3}} * {{Cite book|author=Saro-Wiwa|first=Ken|title=A shipload of Rice|year=1991|publisher=Saros International|location=London|isbn=978-1-870716-13-0}} * {{Cite book|author=Saro-Wiwa|first=Ken|title=Mr. B's Mattress|year=1992|publisher=Saros International|location=London|isbn=978-2460-24-9}} * {{Cite book|author=Saro-Wiwa|first=Ken|title=Genocide in Nigeria: The Ogoni Tragedy|year=1992|publisher=Saros|location=London|isbn=1-870716-22-1}} * {{Cite book|author=Saro-Wiwa|first=Ken|title=A Forest of Flowers: Short Stories|year=1995|publisher=Longman|location=Burnt Mill, Harlow, Essex, England|isbn=978-0-582-27320-7}} * {{Cite book|author=Saro-Wiwa|first=Ken|title=A Month and a Day: A Detention Diary|year=1995|publisher=Penguin Books|location=New York, N.Y.|isbn=978-0-14-025914-8|url=https://archive.org/details/monthanddaydet00saro}} * {{Cite book|author=Saro-Wiwa|first=Ken|title=The Singing Anthill: Ogoni Folktales|year=1996|publisher=Saros International|location=Port Harcourt, Nigeria|isbn=978-1-870716-15-4}} * {{Cite book|author=Saro-Wiwa|first=Ken|title=Lemona's Tale|year=1996|publisher=Penguin|location=London|isbn=978-0-14-026086-1}} * {{Cite book|author=Saro-Wiwa|first=Ken|title=A Bride for Mr B|year=2005|publisher=Saros|location=London|isbn=1-870716-26-4}} * {{Cite book|author=Saro-Wiwa|first=Ken|title=Silence would be treason: Last writings of Ken Saro-Wiwa|year=2018|publisher=[[Daraja Press]]|location=Ottawa|isbn=978-1-988832-24-1}} == Hụkwa == * Akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Naịjirịa * Isaac Adaka Boro * Ndepụta nke ndị si Rivers State * Ụlọ ọrụ mmanụ na Naịjirịa == Edensibia == {{Reflist|2}} * "Standing Before History: Cheta Ken Saro-Wiwa" na PEN World Voices, nke Guernica Magazine kwadoro na New York City na 2 Mee 2009. "Ịkwụsị n'ihu akụkọ ihe mere eme: Icheta Ken Saro-Wiwa" Guernica Magazine * "Ihe ize ndụ nke ime ihe ike: Ken Saro-Wiwa" nke Anthony Daniels "Ihe izehlakalo nke ime ihe omume: Ken Sara-Wiwa * [http://www.nybooks.com/articles/1913 Akwụkwọ ozi mkpesa e bipụtara na New York Review of Books obere oge tupu ogbugbu Saro-Wiwa. Ntụle nke Akwụkwọ nke New York] * Nwa Ken Saro-Wiwa, Ken Wiwa, dere akwụkwọ ozi na openDemocracy.net banyere mkpọsa ịchọ ikpe ziri ezi maka nna ya na ikpe megide Shell - "America in Africa: plunderer or part" E debere ya na 5 Machị 2016 na Wayback Machine Ken Saro - Wiwa nwa, dere akwụkwọ akụkọ na openDmocracy. net banyere mkpọsa ịchọta ikpe ziri ezi nye nna ya na mkpesa megide Shell - ""America in Africa, plunderer ma ọ bụ part" Ejiri ya na Wayback Mach 2016 * [https://web.archive.org/web/20051026015105/http://www.kensarowiwa.com/ Ntọala Ken Saro-Wiwa] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20160413040507/http://www.remembersarowiwa.com/ Cheta mkpọsa Saro-Wiwa] * PEN Centres na-asọpụrụ ncheta Saro-Wiwa - IFEX PEN Centres-asọpụrụ Ncheta Saro -Wiwa IFEX * [https://web.archive.org/web/20060326180229/http://www.unpo.org/Downloads/Ogoni1995Report.pdf The Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organisation (UNPO) 1995 Ogoni akụkọ] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20160303174821/http://www.rightlivelihood.org/recip/saro-wiwa.htm Onye natara Right Livelihood Award] * The Politics of Bones, nke J. Timothy Hunt dere The Politics nke Bones * [http://wiwavshell.org/ Wiwa v. Ihe ọmụma ikpe Shell] * Ken Saro-Wiwa na Mahadum Maynooth Mahadum * Ken Saro-Wiwa na Digital Repository nke Ireland Digital Repositary nke Ireland [[Òtù:Onye édémédé akwukwọ si-na Naigeria]] [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 69sgogcb7aayqh9nz3o00o47qcp9j2w 0 28022 696428 689610 2026-08-02T19:36:23Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 696428 wikitext text/x-wiki   [[Category:Articles with hCards]]   {| class="infobox" style="width: 210px; float: right; clear: right; margin:0 0 1.5em 1.5em" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:115%" |External video |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align: left" |[[File:Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg|link=|alt=video icon|16x16px]] [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CHoy8xFPNZA “Meet Associate Professor Julie Arblaster”], [[Monash University]], Jan 21, 2020. |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align: left" |[[File:Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg|link=|alt=video icon|16x16px]] [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JFDFG7F9muE “Julie Arblaster - Bureau of Meteorology - the effects of ozone on surface climate“], Department of Agriculture Water and the Environment, Oct 2, 2012 |} '''Julie Michelle Arblaster''' bụ onye sayensị mba Australia. Ọ bụ ọkà nkuzi na School of Earth, Atmosphere and Environment na Mahadum Monash. Ọ bụ onye edemede na-enye aka na akụkọ nke Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) bụ otu onye natara 2007 Nobel Peace Prize.<ref name="Nobel">{{Cite web|title=NCAR Authors & Reviewers for Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Honors and Awards|date=March 16, 2010|url=https://news.ucar.edu/1677/ncar-authors-reviewers-intergovernmental-panel-climate-change|work=NCAR & UCAR News|accessdate=29 December 2020|archivedate=29 August 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210829125344/https://news.ucar.edu/1677/ncar-authors-reviewers-intergovernmental-panel-climate-change}}</ref> Arblaster bụ onye isi edemede na Isi nke 12 nke IPCC Working Group I nyere aka na IP CC Fifth Assessment Report na 2013.<ref name="C12">{{Cite web|title=WORKING GROUP I CONTRIBUTION TO THE IPCC FIFTH ASSESSMENT REPORTCLIMATE CHANGE 2013: THE PHYSICAL SCIENCE BASIS Final Draft Underlying Scientific-Technical Assessment|url=http://www.climatechange2013.org/images/uploads/WGIAR5_WGI-12Doc2b_FinalDraft_Chapter12.pdf|work=Climate Change 2013|accessdate=29 December 2020}}</ref> Ọ natara ihe nrite nke 2014 Anton Hales Medal maka nyocha na sayensị ụwa site na Australian Academy of Science, n'afọ 2017 Priestley Medals site n'aka [[Australian Meteorological and Oceanographic Society]]. A họpụtara ya dị ka otu n'ime ndị Top Influential Earth Scientists nke afọ 2010-2020, site n'ihi ọrụ ịma na ọrụ mkparịtaụka yaị<ref name="Austin"/> == Agụmakwụkwọ == Arblaster tolitere na Swan Hill, na mpaghara Loddon Mallee nke Victoria, mba Australia.<ref name="Whyte">{{Cite news|author=Whyte|first=Merryl|title=Celebrating local science: Julie Arblaster|url=https://www.abc.net.au/local/stories/2014/08/20/4070762.htm|accessdate=28 December 2020|work=ABC Local|date=20 August 2014}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Victoria's Loddon Mallee Region|url=https://www.rdv.vic.gov.au/victorias-regions/loddon-mallee|work=Victoria State Government|date=17 May 2018|accessdate=28 December 2020}}</ref> O nwetara nzere bachelọ nke teknụzụ na sayensị ikuku, na Mahadum Macquarie, Sydney, nakwa n'afọ 1995 e nyere ya nzere nke Ogo mbụ (First Class Honours), kwa na Маhadụ Maccuarie. Ndị nlekọta nzere ya bụ Bryant McAvaney na Ann Henderson-Sellers.<ref name="UCAR">{{Cite web|title=Julie Arblaster|url=https://www.cgd.ucar.edu/ccr/jma/cv2015.pdf|work=UCAR (University Corporation for Atmospheric Research)|accessdate=28 December 2020|archivedate=2 April 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210402205809/https://www.cgd.ucar.edu/ccr/jma/cv2015.pdf}}</ref> Site n'afọ 1997 ruo n'afọ 1999 Arblaster gụrụ akwụkwọ na Mahadum Colorado, USA, ebe ọ nwetara MSc na Atmospheric na Oceanic Sciences. Akwụkwọ edemede ya nke nzere Masters, nke Gerald Meehl (National Center for Atmospheric Research) na Andrew Moore (University of Colorado) lekọtara, akpọrọ "Interdecadal modulation of Australian climate in the Parallel Climate Model".<ref name="UCAR"/> Site n'afọ 2007 ruo n'afọ 2013 Arblaster gụsịrị akwụkwọ nzere PhD ya na School of Earth Sciences, Mahadum Melbourne, Australia. Ndị nlekọta PhD ya bụ David Karoly, Ian Simmonds (Mahadum Melbourne) na Gerald Meehl. Isiokwu edemede ya bụ "Drivers of Southern Hemisphere Climate Change".<ref name="Whyte"/><ref name="PhD2013">{{Cite web|author=Arblaster|first=Julie Michelle|title=Drivers of Southern Hemisphere climate change|url=https://minerva-access.unimelb.edu.au/handle/11343/38243|work=University of Melbourne|accessdate=28 December 2020}}</ref><ref name="UCAR"/> == Ọrụ == Site n'afọ 1999 ruo n'afọ 2003, Prọfesọ Julie Arblaster rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye ọkà mmụta sayensị na National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR). N'afọ 2003, ọ laghachiri mba Australia, na-arụ ọrụ na NCAR na Bureau of Meteorology na Melbourne. Prọfesọ Arblaster rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye isi nchọpụta sayensị site n'afọ 2003 ruo n'afọ 2016 na otu usoro mgbanwe ihu igwe na The Centre for Australian Weather and Climate Research, nke bụ mmekọrịta dị n'etiti Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation na Bureau of Meteorology. Ọ ka na-arụkọ ọrụ nyocha ya na otu amụma mgbanwe ihu igwe na NCAR. N'afọ 2016, Prọfesọ Arblaster sonyeere ụlọakwụkwọ nke School of Earth, Atmosphere and Environment na Mahadum Monash dị na Melbourne, Australia.<ref name="Austin"/><ref name="Monash">{{Cite web|title=Julie Arblaster|url=https://research.monash.edu/en/persons/julie-arblaster|work=Monash University|accessdate=29 December 2020}}</ref> A kwalitere ya ka ọ bụrụ Prọfesọ zuru oke n'ọnwa Julaị n'afọ 2020.<ref name="Pitman">{{Cite web|author=Pitman|first=Andy|title=Director's Report – August 2020|url=https://www.climateextremes.org.au/directors-report-august-2020/|work=Climate Extremes|accessdate=29 December 2020|date=August 14, 2020|archivedate=3 March 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210303121044/https://www.climateextremes.org.au/directors-report-august-2020/}}</ref> == Mmasị nyocha == Arblaster zụlitere inwe mmasị na ọmụmụ ihe gbasara ikuku n'ime afọ mbụ nke nzere sayensị ya, ma mesịa gbanwee uche ya na nzere ya iji mụọ sayensi ikuku. N'oge ọ bụ nwa akwụkwọ, ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ n'afọ ndị ọzọ na Bureau of Meteorology, nke kpaliri ya ịmụtakwu banyere usoro ihu igwe.<ref>Australian Bureau of Meteorology, [http://media.bom.gov.au/social/blog/58/so-whats-it-like-to-be-an-ipcc-lead-author/ So what's it like to be an IPCC lead author?]</ref> Nnyocha Arblaster na-elekwasị anya na usoro ihu igwe zuru ụwa ọnụ na ụzọ mgbanwe ihu ọha gara aga, nke na nso nso a na nke ga-abịa n'ọdịnihu. N'afọ 2009, o so dee akwụkwọ jikọta obere mgbanwe na ọrụ anyanwụ n'oge afọ 11 nke okirikiri anyanwụ na usoro dị na stratosphere na oké osimiri. N'ịmepụta ihe karịrị otu narị afọ nke data, ndị nchọpụta nwere ike ịkọ ọdịdị ihu igwe mpaghara dị ka mmiri ozuzo nke India na mmiri mmiri zoro n'oge oyi na North America. Nsonaazụ ahụ gosikwara na a pụghị ịkọwa ịdọ aka ná ntị zuru ụwa ọnụ nke ọma site na okirikiri anyanwụ.<ref name="Fogarty">{{Cite news|author=Fogarty|first=David|title=Study says shines light on sun spot-climate link|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/idUSSP506068|accessdate=29 December 2020|work=Reuters|date=August 27, 2009}}</ref> Ịchọpụta na ikewapụ mmetụta nke obere mgbanwe stratospheric bụ nzọụkwụ dị mkpa n'ịmepụta ụdị amụma ziri ezi.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Solar Cycle Linked to Global Climate, Drives Events Similar to El Nino, La Nina|date=August 4, 2009|url=https://news.ucar.edu/810/solar-cycle-linked-global-climate-drives-events-similar-el-nino-la-nina|work=National Center for Atmospheric Research|publisher=SpaceRef|accessdate=29 December 2020|archivedate=1 April 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210401052333/https://news.ucar.edu/810/solar-cycle-linked-global-climate-drives-events-similar-el-nino-la-nina}}</ref> Arblaster na-eji ụdị ihu igwe iji ghọta mgbanwe na Southern Hemisphere atmospheric circulation dị ka Southern Annular Mode (SAM) na Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD), na'ịgwakọta mgbanwe okpomọkụ na oke ihu ọha.<ref name="Extremes">{{Cite news|title=Researchers Warn: Extraordinarily Warm Temperatures Above Antarctica Cause Hot and Dry Extremes in Australia|url=https://scitechdaily.com/researchers-warn-extraordinarily-warm-temperatures-above-antarctica-cause-hot-and-dry-extremes-in-australia/|accessdate=29 December 2020|work=SciTechDaily|date=October 14, 2019}}</ref><ref name="Kramer">{{Cite journal|author=Kramer|first=David|title=What caused Australia's disastrous wildfires? It's complicated|journal=Physics Today|date=1 March 2020|volume=73|issue=3|pages=26–29|doi=10.1063/PT.3.4428}}</ref><ref name="Hickey">{{Cite news|author=Hickey|first=Hannah|title=Long-term Pacific climate cycle linked to expansion of Antarctic sea ice|url=https://www.washington.edu/news/2016/07/05/long-term-pacific-climate-cycle-linked-to-expansion-of-antarctic-sea-ice/|accessdate=29 December 2020|work=UW News|date=July 5, 2016}}</ref><ref name="Conversation">{{Cite news|title=Human hands are all over Australia's hottest ever year|url=https://theconversation.com/human-hands-are-all-over-australias-hottest-ever-year-32267|accessdate=29 December 2020|work=The Conversation|date=September 29, 2014}}</ref> Arblaster nwere mmasị na mmekọrịta dị n'etiti mgbake a tụrụ anya ya nke oghere ozone Antarctic n"ime iri afọ na-abịanụ na mmụba nke gas na atụmatụ ihu igwe n-abịa.<ref name="Hossaini">{{Cite journal|author=Hossaini|first=Ryan|title=The increasing threat to stratospheric ozone from dichloromethane|journal=Nature Communications|date=December 2017|volume=8|issue=1|pages=15962|doi=10.1038/ncomms15962|pmid=28654085}}</ref> Ọ na-emepụta ihe nlereanya ndị nwere ike igosi ohere nke ihe omume ihu igwe siri ike na onyinye nke mgbanwe ihu ọha nke mmadụ kpatara na ihe ndị dị otú ahụ.<ref name="Readfearn">{{Cite news|author=Readfearn|first=Graham|title=A change in the weather: new demand for TV presenters to include climate in forecasts|url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2020/dec/05/a-change-in-the-weather-new-demand-for-tv-presenters-to-include-climate-in-forecasts|accessdate=29 December 2020|work=The Guardian|date=4 Dec 2020}}</ref><ref name="Powell">{{Cite news|author=Powell|first=Sian|title=Julie Arblaster, climate scientist|url=http://www.sianpowell.com/julie-arblaster-climate-scientist.html|accessdate=29 December 2020|work=The Australian|date=25 Sep 2019}}</ref> Arblaster bụ onye edemede na-enye aka na Working Group I nyere aka n'ihe ndekọ nyocha nke anọ nke Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, 2007, na onye isi edemede na Isi nke 12, Long-term Climat Change: Projections, Commitments and Irreversibility, nke Working Groupe I Contribution to the Fifth Assessment Report of the IPCC.<ref>[http://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/ar4/wg1/en/contents.html Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, 2007]</ref><ref>[http://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar5/wg1/ Working Group I Contribution to the Fifth Assessment Report of the IPCC]</ref><ref name="C12"/> Isiokwu a nyochara ihe akaebe dịnụ iji ghọta etu ihu igwe ụwa nwere ike isi gbanwee n'etiti narị afọ a na karịa. N'ụzọ doro anya, akụkọ IPCC a bụ nke mbụ na-akọwapụta carbon dioxide ole ọzọ nwere ike ịpụta iji mee ka okpomọkụ ụwa dị n'okpuru ọnụ ụzọ ụfọdụ.<ref>Arblaster & Canadell, [http://theconversation.com/setting-a-carbon-budget-to-keep-below-two-degrees-18841 Setting a carbon budget to keep below two degrees], The Conversation</ref> Arblaster bụ onye otu World Climate Research Programme Stratospheric-Tropospherric Processes na ọrụ ha na Climate (SPARC) otu nduzi sayensị.<ref name="Austin">{{Cite web|author=Austin|first=Sara L.|title=Top Influential Earth Scientists Today (2010-2020)|url=https://academicinfluence.com/articles/people/influential-earth-scientists-today#arblaster|work=Academic Influence|accessdate=29 December 2020}}</ref> Ọ bụ onye edemede na Scientific Assessment of Ozone Depletion: 2014 site na World Meteorological Organization na ndị ọzọ.<ref name="Austin" /><ref>[http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/csd/assessments/ozone/ WMO/UNEP Scientific Assessments of Ozone Depletion]</ref> Ụfọdụ n'ime ụdị ihu igwe kachasị ọhụrụ na-atụ aro na mmetụta na "mmetụta ihu ọha" nwere ike ịdị njọ karịa ka a tụrụ anya ya na mbụ.<ref name="Gergis">{{Cite news|author=Gergis|first=Joëlle|title=Witnessing the unthinkable|url=https://www.themonthly.com.au/issue/2020/july/1593525600/jo-lle-gergis/witnessing-unthinkable#mtr|accessdate=29 December 2020|work=The Monthly|date=July 2020}}</ref><ref name="Grose">{{Cite news|author=Grose|first=Michael|title=Latest Climate Models Suggest Heat Could Be Worse Than We Thought|url=https://www.gizmodo.com.au/2020/05/latest-climate-models-suggest-heat-could-be-worse-than-we-thought/|accessdate=29 December 2020|work=Gizmodo|date=May 18, 2020}}</ref> Arblaster bụ onye bịanyere aka na nkwupụta nke afọ 2020 site n'aka ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị 423 nke mba Australia bụ ndị kwenyesiri ike na "ihe akaebe sayensi na-ejikọta mgbanwe ihu igwe nke mmadụ kpatara na ihe ize ndụ na ụba nke ọkụ ọhịa na ala Australia" ma kpọọ gọọmentị Australia "ịmepụta ụkpụrụ ndị sayị maara iji lụso mgbanwe ọnọdụ ihu ọha nke ụmụ mmadụ mere ọgụ" na "belata ngụkọta gas na mba Australia".<ref name="Cosmos">{{Cite news|title=No resilient Australia without emission cuts|url=https://cosmosmagazine.com/there-is-no-strong-resilient-australia-without-deep-cuts-to-greenhouse-gas-emissions/|accessdate=29 December 2020|work=Cosmos|date=5 February 2020}}</ref> == Nkwanye ùgwù == N'afọ 2014, ndị òtù Australian Academy of Science nyere Arblaster ihe nrite Anton Hales maka nyocha na sayensị ụwa. Ihe nrite a gosipụtara nyocha Arblaster banyere usoro ihu igwe zuru ụwa ọnụ na mmetụta ya na mgbanwe.<ref name="Hales">{{Cite web|title=2014 awardees|url=https://www.science.org.au/past-winners/2014-awardees#hales|work=Australian Academy of Science|accessdate=29 December 2020|archivedate=22 October 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20201022020138/https://www.science.org.au/past-winners/2014-awardees#hales}}</ref> N'afọ 2017, Arblaster ritere ihe nrite Priestley site na Australian Meteorological and Oceanographic Society.<ref name="AMOS">{{Cite web|author=|first=|date=2020|title=Priestley Medal|url=https://www.amos.org.au/activities/awards/priestley-medal/|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200507101646/https://www.amos.org.au/activities/awards/priestley-medal/|archivedate=2020-05-07|accessdate=2020-08-09|work=Australian Meteorological and Oceanographic Society}}</ref> Arblaster bụ onye edemede na-enye aka na akụkọ nke IPCC nkeIPCC bụ otu onye natara 2007 Nobel Peace Prize.<ref name="Nobel"/> == Ndị otu ọkachamara == * [[Australian Meteorological and Oceanographic Society]]<ref name="AMOS"/> * American Meteorological Society<ref name="Austin"/> * American Geophysical Union<ref name="Austin" /> * Ntanetị ụmụ nwanyị sayensị ụwa<ref name="Austin" /> * Usoro nyocha ihu igwe nke ụwa Stratospheric-Tropospherical na ọrụ ha na ihu ihu ọha (SPARC)<ref name="Austin" /> * Ụmụ nwanyị na Network nke Nnyocha Sayensị<ref name="Austin" /> == Akwụkwọ ndị a họọrọ == * {{Cite journal|author=Meehl|first=Gerald A.|title=Atlantic and Pacific tropics connected by mutually interactive decadal-timescale processes|journal=Nature Geoscience|date=14 December 2020|volume=14|pages=36–42|doi=10.1038/s41561-020-00669-x}}<ref>{{Cite web|author=Stone|first=Alvin|title=Research brief: The interaction of ocean basins may improve long-term climate predictions|date=December 17, 2020|url=https://climateextremes.org.au/research-brief-the-interaction-of-ocean-basins-may-improve-long-term-climate-projections/|work=Climate Extremes|accessdate=June 30, 2023|archivedate=June 30, 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230630183020/https://climateextremes.org.au/research-brief-the-interaction-of-ocean-basins-may-improve-long-term-climate-projections/}}</ref> * {{Cite book|author=World Meteorological Organization (WMO)|title=Scientific Assessment of Ozone Depletion: 2014|date=2014|publisher=World Meteorological Organization|location=Geneva, Switzerland|url=http://large.stanford.edu/courses/2017/ph240/xiao-m1/docs/wmo-55-dec14.pdf}} * [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] "Mgbanwe ihu igwe ogologo oge: atụmatụ, nkwa na enweghị ike ịgbanwe". Na Mgbanwe ihu igwe 2013: The Physical Science Basis. ''Enyemaka nke Working Group I na'' Fifth Assessment Report nke Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, ed. TF Stocker, D Qin, GK Plattner, M Tignor, SK Allen, na ndị ọzọ peeji nke 1029 Von 1136. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge Univ. Akwụkwọ akụkọ.<ref name="Lahn">{{Cite journal|author=Lahn|first=Bård|title=Changing climate change: The carbon budget and the modifying-work of the IPCC|journal=Social Studies of Science|date=16 July 2020|volume=51|issue=1|pages=3–27|doi=10.1177/0306312720941933|pmid=32669042}}</ref> * {{Cite journal|author=Arblaster|first=Julie M.|title=Contributions of External Forcings to Southern Annular Mode Trends|journal=Journal of Climate|date=15 June 2006|volume=19|issue=12|pages=2896–2905|doi=10.1175/JCLI3774.1|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/241246380}} == Ebensidee == <references responsive="1"></references> == Njikọ mpụga == * [https://research.monash.edu/en/persons/julie-arblaster Peeji profaịlụ nyocha nke Mahadum Monash] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20220610222834/https://www.cgd.ucar.edu/ccr/jma/cv2015.pdf UCAR Research ọkà mmụta sayensị peeji] * Julie Arblaster publications indexed by Google Scholar * [https://web.archive.org/web/20140815064139/http://www.science.org.au/events/science-shine-dome-2014/schedule/2014-05-28 Dr Julie Arblaster na-ekwu maka "Ozone hole na mgbanwe ihu igwe" na Australian Academy of Science - mpịakọta na njikọ vidiyo] * [http://media.bom.gov.au/social/blog/58/so-whats-it-like-to-be-an-ipcc-lead-author/ Dr Julie Arblaster na-ekwu maka ihe omume ihu igwe siri ike - mpịakọta na njikọ vidiyo] [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] ao2cxly6qz2fbi90g1mgc7m2hs80jr7 0 30455 696740 671259 2026-08-03T09:24:37Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 696740 wikitext text/x-wiki Àgwà mbụ, bụ ụlọ ọrụ e-commerce nke India, nke nwere isi na Pune. Ụlọ ọrụ ahụ, nke malitere na afọ Puku abụọ na iri , lekwasịrị anya na mbụ na ire ngwaahịa ụmụaka. Na Jenụwarị afọ Puku niri abụọ na iri abụo , ụlọ ọrụ ahụ nwere ihe karịrị ụlọ ahịa narị atọ na iri iteghete gafee India.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=https://www.entrepreneur.com/article/344451|title=FirstCry Has Revamped Baby Apparel Shopping In India|author=Marya|first=Ashita|date=2020-01-02|work=Entrepreneur|language=en|accessdate=2020-03-14|archivedate=2020-04-29|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200429123906/https://www.entrepreneur.com/article/344451}}</ref> agwa mbụ meghere ụlọ ahịa mbụ ya na Srinagar n'afọ Puku abụọ na iri iteghete <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.greaterkashmir.com/news/business/firstcry-com-opens-outlet-in-srinagar/|title=FirstCry.com opens outlet in Srinagar|date=2019-05-29|work=Greater Kashmir|language=en-US|accessdate=2020-03-14}}</ref> Ọ dị n'ime usoro ego ya nke E.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.financialexpress.com/industry/softbank-investing-rs-1055-57-crore-in-firstcry/1859335/|title=SoftBank investing Rs 1,055.57 crore in FirstCry|date=2020-02-07|work=The Financial Express|language=en-US|accessdate=2020-03-14}}</ref> N'afọ Puku abụọ na iri isi,agwa mbụ nwetara Nwa Oye, nke otu Mahindra nwere, maka ₹ 362 crore ( ₹ crore US $ 65 ).<ref name=":1" /><ref>{{Cite news|author=Chanchani|first=Madhav|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/small-biz/startups/firstcry-acquires-mahindras-baby-care-franchisee-business-for-rs-362-crore/articleshow/54868369.cms|title=Firstcry acquires Mahindra's baby care franchisee business for Rs 362 crore|date=2016-10-15|work=The Economic Times|accessdate=2020-03-14}}</ref> Ụlọ ọrụ ahụ jikọtara ọnụ na-azụ ahịa ugbu a n'okpuru aha agwa mbụ com, agwa mbụ Mahindra Venture.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/companies/firstcry-mahindra-retail-consolidate-business/article9224266.ece|title=FirstCry, Mahindra Retail consolidate business|author=|first=|date=15 October 2016|work=@businessline|language=en|archiveurl=|archivedate=|accessdate=2020-03-14}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.livemint.com/Companies/3lBpyHYzkPSlSNrAEzF0IN/Mahindra-sells-BabyOye-to-FirstCry-for-Rs3621-crore.html|title=FirstCry buys Mahindra's BabyOye for Rs362.1 crore|author=Chakraborty|first=Sayan|date=2016-10-15|work=Livemint|language=en|accessdate=2020-03-14}}</ref> Ụlọ ọrụ ahụ nwetara ụlọ ọrụ egwuregwu Oi umuakwukwo egwuriegwu .<ref name="play">{{Cite news|author=Mohapatra|first=Debasis|url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/companies/firstcry-secures-around-400-mn-from-softbank-as-part-of-series-e-funding-120021901299_1.html|title=Firstcry secures around $400 mn from Softbank as part of series-E funding|date=2020-02-19|work=Business Standard India|accessdate=2020-03-14}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/business/india-business/softbank-backed-firstcry-acquires-playschool-chain-oi/articleshow/72285799.cms|title=SoftBank-backed FirstCry acquires playschool chain Oi|author=Chanchani|first=Madhav|date=29 November 2019|work=The Times of India|language=en|archiveurl=|archivedate=|accessdate=2020-03-14}}</ref> == Nkwado == Agwa mbụ weputara INR 95 Cr ($ 13 Mn) na ego ego site na pi Ventures.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Bhalla|first=Kritti|title=Exclusive: Firstcry Valuation Close To $2 Bn After $13 Mn Round|url=https://inc42.com/buzz/exclusive-firstcry-valuation-close-to-2-bn-after-13-mn-round/|work=Inc42 Media|date=29 March 2021|language=en}}</ref>{{Reflist}} egq8lx4fuiczdfraaw1353ze9af9myk 0 30734 696414 175709 2026-08-02T13:57:24Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 696414 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Category:Articles with hCards]] {{Databox}} Ụmụaka: 1 (Sultan Isabor)<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://guardian.ng/guardian-woman/leading-ladies-africa-100-most-inspiring-women-in-nigeria-2018/|title=Leading ladies Africa – 100 most inspiring women in Nigeria 2018|work=guardian.ng|accessdate=2019-10-10|archivedate=2020-10-12|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20201012065824/https://guardian.ng/guardian-woman/leading-ladies-africa-100-most-inspiring-women-in-nigeria-2018//}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.channelstv.com/2019/09/28/bbnaija-jaruma-gifts-tacha-n50-million-after-disqualification/|title=#BBNaija: Jaruma Gifts Tacha N50m After Disqualification|work=Channels Television|accessdate=2019-10-10}}</ref> == Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ == Jaruma si n'ógbè gọọmentị ime obodo Billiri nke [[Ȯra Gombe|Gombe Steeti]].<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=https://thenationonlineng.net/my-recipe-for-resolving-intimate-issues-among-couples-jaaruma-sex-therapist/|title=My recipe for resolving intimate issues among couples – Jaaruma, sex therapist|date=2018-09-02|work=The Nation Newspaper|language=en-US|accessdate=2019-10-10}}</ref> Ọ gara New Capital Nursery na Primary School na Asokoro, Abuja na Nigerian Turkish International College, [[Abuja]]. N'afọ 2004, a nabatara ya na [[Mahadum nke Ahmadu Bello|Mahadum Ahmadu Bello]], Zaria mana ọ hapụrụ tupu ngwụcha mmemme ya iji mụọ International Relations and Human Therapy na Mahadim Istanbul Kultur, [[Turkéy|Turkey]].<ref name=":0"/><ref name=":1" /> == Ihe omuma oru ngo == Site na 2010 ruo 2016, Jaruma banyere n'ọtụtụ azụmaahịa site na ire ntutu ite, uwe, na ezigbo ala. Ọ malitere ọwa YouTube na 2016 iji kwalite uru ọgwụgwọ nke Azanza Garckeana nke a makwaara dị ka Snot Apple, Mutohwe, African chewing gum, gorontula, tula kolanut ma ọ bụ morojwa. Ndị na-ege ntị na-arịwanye elu nke ọwa ahụ guzobere ahịa maka ngwaahịa ya mgbe a tọhapụrụ ha na 2017. A na-ekwu na ọ bụ onye nwe blọọgụ Instagram a ma ama, instablog9ja.<ref name=":1"/><ref name="allure.vanguardngr.com">{{Cite web|url=https://allure.vanguardngr.com/2018/09/im-nigerias-highest-paid-sex-therapist-jaaruma/|title=I'm Nigeria's highest paid sex therapist – Jaaruma|date=2018-09-01|work=Vanguard Allure|language=en-US|accessdate=2019-10-10}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.sunnewsonline.com/nigerias-highest-paid-sex-therapist-jaaruma/|title=I'm Nigeria's highest paid s*x therapist – Jaaruma|date=2018-09-01|work=The Sun Nigeria|language=en-US|accessdate=2019-10-10}}</ref> == Nkwado == Jaruma na-akwado maka nyocha mbụ nke ụmụ nwanyị maka ọrịa na ọrịa kansa akpa nwa. N'ịbụ onye si n'Ebe Ugwu Naịjirịa ebe a na-ele ikwu banyere mmekọahụ anya dị ka ihe a machibidoro iwu, ọ na-anwa ịgbanwe echiche ndị mmadụ nwere banyere ụmụ nwanyị si n'ebe ugwu na otu ha si ele onwe ha anya n'ụzọ mmekọahụ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://allafrica.com/stories/201806080624.html|title=Nigeria: The Sex Lives of Northern Nigeria|author=|first=|date=|work=|accessdate=}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2019/aug/14/men-said-we-were-immoral-aphrodisiacs-challenging-taboos-nigeria|title='Men said we were immoral': the aphrodisiacs challenging taboos {{!}} Wana Udobang|author=Udobang|first=Wana|date=2019-08-14|work=The Guardian|accessdate=2019-10-11|language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-38262881|title=Nigeria's bedroom revolution|author=Mosuro|first=Bola|date=2016-12-10|accessdate=2019-10-11|language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://leadingladiesafrica.org/sola-sobowale-ibidunni-ighodalo-nkechi-eze-here-are-nigerias-most-inspiring-women-in-2018/|title=Sola Sobowale, Ibidunni Ighodalo, Nkechi Eze...Here are Nigeria's Most Inspiring Women in 2018 – Leading Ladies Africa|language=en-US|accessdate=2019-10-10}}</ref><ref name=":1"/><ref name="allure.vanguardngr.com"/> == Ndụ onwe onye == Ọ lụrụ Ross Isabor (2018-2021).<ref>{{Cite web|title="I divorced you a longtime ago" – Kayanmata seller, Jaruma ex-husband calls her out|url=https://veritynewsonline.com/2022/04/18/i-divorced-you-a-longtime-ago-kayanmata-seller-jaruma-ex-husband-calls-her-out-her/|work=veritynewsonline.com|accessdate=2022-06-18}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2019/06/i%2Dkneel%2Dto%2Dserve%2Dand%2Dfeed%2Dmy%2Dhusband%2Djaaruma/|title=I kneel to serve and feed my Husband|work=|accessdate=|archivedate=2019-07-27|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190727071744/https://www.vanguardngr.com/2019/06/i-kneel-to-serve-and-feed-my-husband-jaaruma/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.legit.ng/1190642-top-nigerian-intimacy-therapist-jaaruma-set-man-shares-cute-photos.html|title=Top Nigerian intimacy therapist Jaaruma set to wed the man of her dreams|author=Amodeni|first=Adunni|date=2018-09-06|work=Legit.ng - Nigeria news.|language=en|accessdate=2019-10-10|archivedate=2019-10-10|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20191010020238/https://www.legit.ng/1190642-top-nigerian-intimacy-therapist-jaaruma-set-man-shares-cute-photos.html}}</ref> N'afọ 2022, Ross Isabor dere na Instagram ya na ọ gbara Jaruma alụkwaghịm ogologo oge gara aga ma dọọ ya aka na ntị ka ọ kwụsị iji aha ya na-ere ngwaahịa adịgboroja.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Stop using me to sell your fake products: Jaruma’s ex-hubby Fahad|url=https://pmnewsnigeria.com/2022/04/18/stop-using-me-to-sell-your-fake-products-jarumas-ex-hubby-fahad/|work=PM new Nigeria|publisher=PM News|accessdate=2022-06-18}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title="I divorced you a longtime ago" Jaruma ex husband humiliates her|url=https://precisepost.ng/i-divorced-you-a-longtime-ago-jaruma-ex-husband-humiliates-her/|work=Precise Post|publisher=Precise Post Nigeria|accessdate=2022-06-18|archivedate=2022-04-20|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220420044415/https://precisepost.ng/i-divorced-you-a-longtime-ago-jaruma-ex-husband-humiliates-her/}}</ref> == Hụkwa == * Lori Brotto * Laura Berman == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}}  [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] mwaa4ggdpel7eplfausrgesg63e7o4z 0 31098 696442 163727 2026-08-02T22:59:50Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 696442 wikitext text/x-wiki * {{Databox}}   [[Tribal chief|Onye isi]] '''Kofoworola Abeni Pratt''' Hon. FRCN (née '''Scott''', 1915 - 18 June 1992) bụ onye nọọsụ Naijiria bụ otu n'ime ndị nọọsụ ojii mbụ a ma ama na-arụ ọrụ na British National Health Service.<ref name="tls">{{Cite news|title=Wonderful adventures: How did Mary Seacole come to be viewed as a pioneer of modern nursing?|url=http://www.uoguelph.ca/~cwfn/short/tls-seacole.htm|accessdate=11 July 2016|work=Times Literary Supplement|date=6 December 2013|pages=14–15}}</ref> O mechara bụrụ osote onye isi oche nke International Council of Nurses na onye isi ojii mbụ nke Naijiria, na-arụ ọrụ na Federal Ministry of Health.<ref name="Bell">{{Cite journal|title=Kofoworola Abeni Pratt; third vice-president, International Council of Nurses|author=Bell|first=L. M.|date=October 1967|journal=Int Nurs Rev.|volume=14|issue=5|pages=7–10|pmid=4864502}}</ref> [[Category:Articles with hCards]] == Oge ọ malitere == A mụrụ Pratt na Lagos, [[Naijiria]] dị ka nwa nke abụọ n'ime ụmụ anọ nke Augustus Alfred Scott na Elizabeth Omowumi Scott (née Johnson).<ref name="oshikanlu">{{Cite web|title=Pratt [née Scott], Kofoworola Abeni (1914/15–1992), nurse leader in Nigeria|url=https://www.oxforddnb.com/view/10.1093/ref:odnb/9780198614128.001.0001/odnb-9780198614128-e-90000369151|accessdate=28 November 2021|work=Oxford Dictionary of National Biography|year=2021|language=en|doi=10.1093/odnb/9780198614128.013.90000369151|author=Oshikanlu|first=Ruth}}</ref><ref>Women's Research and Documentation Centre Newsletter, collected vols 1 and 2, University of Ibadan Institute of African Studies, 1987, p. 9</ref> Nna nna ya bụ Chief Taiwo Olowo, [[Taiwo Olowo|onye]] Yoruba bara ọgaranya.<ref name="akinsanya">{{Cite book|author=Akinsanya|first=Justus A.|title=An African 'Florence Nightingale' a biography of: Chief (Dr) Mrs Kofoworola Abeni Pratt|date=1987|publisher=Vantage|location=Ibadan, Nigeria|isbn=9782458260|url=https://nightingalesociety.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/An-African-Florence-Nightingale-CWFN-site.pdf}}</ref> Ezinụlọ ya bụ ndị Anglịkan ma ọ gara St John's Secondary School na CMS Girls School, Lagos.<ref>{{Cite journal|date=1990|title=Chief Kofoworola Abeni Pratt, OFR|journal=Nigerian Women Annual: Who's Who|language=English|issn=0795-7807}}</ref> Ọ gafere asambodo ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị nke Cambridge na 1933 wee gụọ akwụkwọ ịbụ onye nkuzi na United Missionary College na [[Ibadan]], mgbe nna ya kụdara ya mmụọ maka ọchịchọ ya ịbụ onye nọọsụ. Site na 1936 ruo 1940, ọ kụziri na CMS Girls School. Na Jenụwarị 3, 1941, ọ lụrụ Eugene Samuel Oluremi (Olu) Pratt, onye na-ahụ maka ọgwụ maka ọrụ gọọmentị. E zigara di ya na [[Enụgwụ|Enugu]], [[Warri]] na Forcados, ya mere di na nwunye ahụ kwagara gburugburu. Nwa ha nwoke mbụ nwụrụ na nwa ọhụrụ ma amụọ nwa ha nwoke nke abụọ, Babatunde, na Lagos na 1943. Di ya kwagara London n'afọ sochirinụ iji nweta nzere ahụike nke Britain. A mụrụ nwa ha nke atọ, Olufemi, na London na 1952.<ref name="oshikanlu"/> == Ọrụ == N'ọnwa Ọgọstụ afọ 1946, Pratt kwagara England iji mụọ nọọsụ na Nightingale School na St Thomas' Hospital, na London. A hapụrụ nwa ya nwoke na nne na nna nkuchi mgbe ọ na-aga St Thomas's Preliminary Training School.<ref name="oshikanlu"/> N'oge ọ nọ n'ụlọ ọgwụ, Pratt nwere ịkpa ókè agbụrụ, mgbe onye ọrịa jụrụ ka onye nọọsụ ojii gwọọ ya.<ref name="nightingalesociety.com">{{Cite web|author=McDonald|first=Lynn|date=2021|title=Kofoworola Abeni Pratt: From the First Black Nurse in the NHS to Minister of Health for Lagos State|url=http://nightingalesociety.com/backgrounders/8-kofoworola-abeni-pratt/|accessdate=28 November 2021|work=The Nightingale Society|language=en-CA|archivedate=29 July 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190729135528/http://nightingalesociety.com/backgrounders/8-kofoworola-abeni-pratt/}}</ref> Ọ na-arụsi ọrụ ike na West African Students' Union, otu ụmụ akwụkwọ si mba dị iche iche dị n'Ebe Ọdịda Anyanwụ Afrịka na-amụ ihe na United Kingdom, nke, na 1942, kpọrọ oku maka nnwere onwe nke ndị Britain na-achị West Africa. Pratt gafere ule steeti mbụ ya na 1948 na nke ikpeazụ ya na 1949, na-eru eru dị ka Nọọsụ Steeti na 25 Nọvemba 1949.<ref name="oshikanlu" /> Ọ bụ ihe a na-adịghị ahụkebe ka a hapụ nwanyị lụrụ di ka ọ bụrụ onye nọọsụ n'oge ahụ. A na-ekwukarị na Pratt bụ onye nọọsụ ojii mbụ ruru eru ịrụ ọrụ maka NHS. O yiri ka nke a pụtara na mbụ na akụkọ ndụ ya site n'aka Justus A. Akinsanya ma megharịa ya.<ref name="akinsanya"/><ref>{{Cite web|title=An African ‘Florence Nightingale’ (Notes on Justus Akinsanya’s biography of Kofoworola Abeni Pratt)|url=https://nightingalesociety.com/papers/an-african-florence-nightingale-1987-j-a-akinsanya/|publisher=The Nightingale Society|accessdate=17 July 2023|language=en-CA}}</ref> Nnyocha e mere n'oge na-adịbeghị anya na-egosi na ndị nọọsụ ojii rụrụ ọrụ na [[Obodoézè Nà Ofú|United Kingdom]] tupu e guzobe NHS na 1948, dị ka Annie Brewster na [[Omo-Oba Adenrele Ademola]]. Ka ọ na-erule n'afọ 1948, ndị nọọsụ ojii a zụrụ azụ tupu Pratt eruo na 1949, na-arụ ọrụ maka NHS; Otú ọ dị, akụkọ ha anaghị enyocha nke ọma ma na-adịbeghị anya dị ka [[Lulu Coote]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=A Hidden History: African Women and the British Health Service, 1930–2000|url=https://www.younghistoriansproject.org/research-hub|accessdate=17 July 2023|work=Young Historians Project}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=African Women who launched the National Health Service|url=https://www.younghistoriansproject.org/early-women/african-women-who-launched-the-national-health-service|work=Young Historians Project|accessdate=17 July 2023|language=en|archivedate=17 July 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230717143335/https://www.younghistoriansproject.org/early-women/african-women-who-launched-the-national-health-service}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Lulu Coote|url=https://www.younghistoriansproject.org/early-women/lulu-coote|accessdate=17 July 2023|work=Young Historians Project|language=en}}</ref> Pratt meriri ọtụtụ ihe mgbochi n'oge ndụ ya; ọ nwere ike ịbụ nwa akwụkwọ ojii mbụ na Nightingale School for Nurses ma mesịa ghọọ onye isi nọọsụ mbụ a mụrụ na Naijiria na Naijeria.<ref name="oshikanlu"/> Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ, ọ zụrụ n'ọrụ ịmụ nwa na Anglican Sisters of St John Clinic, na-enweta asambodo na 1950. N'afọ sochirinụ, ọ natara asambodo nọọsụ nke okpomọkụ site na Hospital for Tropical Medicine, St Pancras. N'afọ 1952, ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Royal College of Nursing ward sister course na enyemaka sitere na Nightingale Fund wee rụọ ọrụ dị ka onye nọọsụ na Evelina Children's Hospital of Guy's Hospital. N'afọ 1953, ọ laghachiri n'ụlọ ọgwụ St Thomas dị ka onye nọọsụ na-arụ ọrụ nwa oge.<ref name="oshikanlu"/> === Ịlaghachi Naịjirịa === Pratt laghachiri Naịjirịa n'afọ 1954, mgbe ọ rụchara ọrụ afọ anọ na NHS. Ọ bụ ezie na a jụrụ ya na mbụ ka ọ bụrụ nwanne nwanyị na-elekọta - ọnọdụ a na-emeghe naanị n'oge ahụ maka ndị mba ọzọ na Britain - ọ nwetara ọkwa na Mahadum College Hospital na Ibadan na nkwado nke ndị ọrụ ibe ya na St Thomas' Hospital.<ref name="nightingalesociety.com"/> Mgbe ọ bịarutere, ọ chọpụtara na ebe obibi ya dị iche karịa ndị ọrụ ibe ya bụ ndị Britain nakwa na prọfesọ nke ọgwụ agaghị ekwe ka ọ rụọ ọrụ na ngalaba ahụ mgbe ọ matara na ọ bụ onye Naijiria. Otú ọ dị, Matron nke ụlọ ọgwụ ahụ gbanwere mkpebi ahụ ma kpọga Pratt na ngalaba ahụike na Adeoyo Hospital.<ref name="ferry">{{Cite journal|author=Ferry|first=Georgina|date=23 October 2021|title=Kofoworola Abeni Pratt: professionalising nursing in Nigeria|url=https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(21)02240-6/abstract|journal=The Lancet|language=English|volume=398|issue=10310|pages=1478|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(21)02240-6|issn=0140-6736|pmid=34688362}}</ref> Ụlọ ọgwụ ọhụrụ ahụ ka na-ewu ma Pratt tinyere ụkpụrụ ọhụrụ maka ịdị ọcha, nlekọta na nri na-edozi ahụ ma gbanwee nchịkwa nke ngalaba ahụ.<ref name="ferry"/> A kwalitere ya ka ọ bụrụ nwanne nwanyị nchịkwa na 1955 ma n'afọ sochirinụ, ọ laghachiri London iji mụọ maka diplọma na nchịkwa nọọsụ ụlọ ọgwụ site na Royal College of Nursing. N'afọ 1959, ọ gara United States, Puerto Rico, na Jamaica na Carnegie Grant iji nweta ahụmịhe nọọsụ sara mbara.<ref name="oshikanlu"/> Na Machị 1961, ọ ghọrọ osote onye isi nke Ụlọ Ọgwụ Mahadum, Ibadan na Jenụwarị 1964 ọ ghọrọ onye isi.<ref name="oshikanlu"/> Pratt bụ onye Naijiria mbụ nwere ọnọdụ ahụ. O guzobere ụlọ akwụkwọ nọọsụ na Mahadum Ibadan na 1965. Pratt bụkwa onye guzobere na onye ndú nke Professional Association of Trained Nurses na Naijiria na onye guzobere ma bụrụ onye nchịkọta akụkọ nke akwụkwọ akụkọ Nigerian Nurse.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://blogs.nottingham.ac.uk/florencenightingale/2019/05/16/the-first-bme-nurse-in-the-nhs-by-professor-lynn-mcdonald/|title=The First BME Nurse in the NHS|author=McDonald|first=Lynn|date=16 May 2019|work=Florence Nightingale Comes Home for 2020|publisher=University of Nottingham|accessdate=26 June 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mCIfAQAAIAAJ&q=Kofoworola+Abeni+Pratt|title=Three Decades of Florence Nightingale Trophy Speech Contest|date=2000|publisher=LAYTAL Communications|isbn=9789782170484|pages=8–10|language=en}}</ref> Pratt bụ onye isi nọọsụ na Federal Ministry of Health na Naịjirịa wee họpụta Kọmishọna Ahụike maka Lagos n'afọ ndị 1970.<ref name="Litcaf">{{Cite web|url=http://litcaf.com/kofoworola-abeni-pratt/|title=Kofoworola Abeni Pratt|work=[[Litcaf]]|date=31 January 2016|accessdate=11 July 2016|archivedate=5 August 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160805230251/http://litcaf.com/kofoworola-abeni-pratt/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=1974|title=Kofoworola Abeni Pratt|page=1632|work=[[Nursing Times]]|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jMVMAQAAIAAJ&q=Kofoworola+Abeni+Pratt|accessdate=28 November 2021}}</ref> N'afọ 1971, Pratt ghọrọ onye isi oche nke National Council of Women's Societies na Naijiria.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://ncwsnigeria1958.com/html/presidents.html|title=Presidents|work=ncwsnigeria1958.com|accessdate=26 June 2019|archivedate=26 June 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190626180145/http://ncwsnigeria1958.com/html/presidents.html}}</ref> N'afọ 1973, Kọmitii Mba Nile nke Red Cross nyere ya Florence Nightingale Medal. Ihe odide ahụ kọwara ya dị ka:<ref name="ICRC-73">{{Cite journal|title=Twenty-fourth award of the Florence Nightingale Medal|journal=International Review of the Red Cross|date=May 1973|issue=146|url=https://www.loc.gov/rr/frd/Military_Law/pdf/RC_May-1973.pdf|accessdate=11 July 2016}}</ref> <references group="" responsive="1"></references> {{Authority control}} == Ịgụ ihe ọzọ == * {{Cite book|title=An African 'Florence Nightingale': A biography of Chief (Dr.) Mrs. Kofoworola Abeni Pratt|year=1987|first=Justus A|author=Akinsanya|publisher=[[Vintage Publishing|Vantage]]|isbn=978-9782458186|url=https://nightingalesociety.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/An-African-Florence-Nightingale-CWFN-site.pdf}} [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] oy2u8welviqk8ll018elasmi40whlgw 0 32165 696409 579974 2026-08-02T12:04:51Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 696409 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=Imoh Umoren|other_names=|image=|image_size=|alt=|caption=|birth_date={{Birth date and age|1982|08|13|df=yes}}|birth_name=|birth_place=[[Nigeria]]|death_date=|death_place=|resting_place=|resting_place_coordinates=<!-- {{coord|LAT|LONG|display=inline,title}} -->|nationality=[[Nigeria]]n|alma_mater=|height=|years_active=2007–present|party=|spouse=|children=|awards=|father=|mother=|relatives=|signature=|website=|footnotes=|occupation=Director, producer, writer}} [[Category:Articles with hCards]] {{Databox}} Imoh Umoren (amụrụ n'abalị iri na atọ n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ n'afọ 1982), bụ onye Naijiria na-eme ihe nkiri nke na-eme fim indie. Imoh Umoren onye Naijiria na-eme ihe nkiri indie<ref name="guardian">{{Cite web|url=https://guardian.ng/life/imoh-umoren-setting-the-pace-in-indie-film/|title=Imoh Umoren: Setting The Pace In Indie Film|work=The Guardian|date=15 October 2018|accessdate=14 October 2020|archivedate=2 May 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220502071019/https://guardian.ng/life/imoh-umoren-setting-the-pace-in-indie-film/}}</ref> Ọ bụ onye a ma ama dị ka onye nduzi nke ihe nkiri Children of Mud nke afọ 2017. Ụmụ Uzuzu A na-ewere Umoren dị ka onye na-eme ihe nkiri mbụ mere ihe nkiri ojii na ọcha na ụlọ ọrụ ihe nkiri Nollywood. Nollywood<ref name="kweli">{{Cite web|url=https://www.kweli.tv/authors/imoh-umoren|title=Imoh Umoren career|publisher=kweliTV, Inc.|accessdate=13 October 2020}}</ref> == Ndụ onwe onye == A mụrụ ya na 13 Ọgọstụ 1982 na Naịjirịa. Nna ya bụ onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na nne ya bụ prọfesọ kọleji.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.indieactivity.com/imoh-umoren-interview/|title=Interview: Imoh Umoren, African Filmmaker Talks Career Plus "Lagos: Sex, Lies & Traffic"|date=25 April 2019|publisher=Indie Activity|accessdate=14 October 2020}}</ref> Umoren na-ekwu na mmetụta nne ya nwere maka ọrụ ya na ime ihe nkiri. Nne na nna ya nwụrụ mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na ụma, ndị ikwu zụlitere ya ruo mgbe ọ gbara ọsọ n'onwe ya mgbe ọ dị iri na isii.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|date=2021-05-30|title=Losing My Parents And Two Siblings Scared Me Shitless — Man Like Imoh Umoren|url=https://www.zikoko.com/man/man-like-imoh-umoren/|accessdate=2021-05-30|work=Zikoko!|language=en-US}}</ref> == Ọrụ == Mgbe ọ dị afọ 9, Umoren malitere ide usoro ihe ọchị a na-akpọ The Wickeds na ezigbo enyi ya Richie. Ndị Wicked Ọ sonyeere dị ka onye na-emepụta obere maka 'Common Ground Production' ma rụọ ọrụ na usoro mba ụwa a na-akpọ The Station . Ụlọ Ọrụ ahụ<ref name="guardian"/> Mgbe e mesịrị, ọ sonyere na mmepụta TV dị ka Project Fame, MTV Advance Warning, Don't Forget The Lyrics na Malta Guinness Street Dance. Project Fame MTV Advance Adọ aka ná ntị echefula abụ Malta Guinness Street Dance<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.omenkaonline.com/imoh-umoren-the-rise-of-a-filmmaker/|title=Imoh Umoren: The rise of a filmmaker|publisher=Omenka Online|accessdate=14 October 2020|archivedate=27 October 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20201027211620/https://www.omenkaonline.com/imoh-umoren-the-rise-of-a-filmmaker/}}</ref> Mgbe ọ dị afọ iri abụọ na isii, o mere ihe nkiri mbụ ya bụ Lemon Green . Lemon Green<ref name=":0"/> Ihe nkiri ahụ nwetara otuto. Mgbe ahụ na 2010, ọ duziri ihe nkiri dị mkpirikpi All Sorts Of Trouble . Ụdị Nsogbu Ọ bụla N'afọ 2013, a họpụtara ihe nkiri TV ya Have A Nice Day maka Best Cinematography. Nwee Ezigbo Ụbọchị Ihe nkiri N'afọ 2015 ọ duziri ihe nkiri ojii na ọcha na-adịghị ekwu okwu Hard Times, nke meriri ya AMVCA mbụ ya. Oge siri ike<ref>{{Cite web|title=AMVCA 2015: Imoh Umoren wins Best New Media Online Video|url=https://africamagic.dstv.com/video/amvca-2015-imoh-umoren-wins-best-new-media-online-video_797864|accessdate=2021-01-06|work=Africa Magic - AMVCA 2015: Imoh Umoren wins Best New Media Online Video|language=en}}</ref> Maka ihe nkiri ọdachi ya The Happyness Limited, a họpụtara onye na-eme ihe nkiri [[Tope Tedela]] dị ka onye na-emepụta ihe nkiri kacha mma n'Africa na Africa Magic Viewers' Choice Awards (AMVCA). Onyinye Obi Ụtọ Africa Ime Anwansi nke Ndị Na-ekiri Ihe Omume<ref name="kweli"/> Umoren mechara dee ma duzie ihe nkiri a ma ama nke Children of Mud nke dabeere na ezigbo akụkọ. Ụmụ Uzuzu<ref name="guardian"/> Ihe nkiri ahụ nwetara nhọpụta 7 na mmemme ihe nkiri mba ụwa dị iche iche gụnyere: Nigeria Entertainment Awards (NEA) na AMVCA. Ihe nrite ntụrụndụ nke Nigeria<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-04-13|title=GEP Studios bags another nomination for Children of Mud|url=https://guardian.ng/life/film/gep-studios-bags-another-nomination-for-children-of-mud/|accessdate=2021-01-06|work=The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News|language=en-US|archivedate=2021-01-08|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210108215058/https://guardian.ng/life/film/gep-studios-bags-another-nomination-for-children-of-mud/}}</ref> E gosipụtara ihe nkiri ọdachi ya ọzọ Dear Bayo na mmemme ihe nkiri iri na otu ma nweta ihe nrite isii na UK Nollywood Festival mmemme ihe nkiri mba ụwa ndị ọzọ. Ezigbo Bayo<ref name="kweli"/> Umoren duziri ihe nkiri Lagos: Sex, Lies & Traffic nke ya na Gbemisola Afolabi dere. Lagos: Mmekọahụ, Ụgha & Ụgbọ okporo ígwè O mechara mepụta ihe nkiri oge The [[Herbert Macaulay]] Affair, ihe nkiri banyere Herbert Macaulay, na 2018. Ihe nkiri Herbert Macaulay<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-10-02|title=Imoh Umoren features Herbert Macaulay's grandson, Wale in a new film, 'The Herbert Macaulay Affair'|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/imoh-umoren-features-herbert-macaulays-grandson-wale-in-a-new-film-the-herbert/ngp4y6v|accessdate=2021-01-06|work=Pulse Nigeria|language=en-US|archivedate=2021-01-07|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210107172957/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/imoh-umoren-features-herbert-macaulays-grandson-wale-in-a-new-film-the-herbert/ngp4y6v}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.stearsng.com/premium/article/from-an-idea-to-the-big-screen-the-journey-of-producing-a-movie|title=From an idea to the big screen: The journey of producing a movie|publisher=Stears Business|accessdate=14 October 2020}}</ref> N'afọ 2020, o mere usoro ihe nkiri Channel 77. Ọwa 77<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/imoh-umoren-flashes-kelechi-udegbe-as-its-lead-star-in-channel-77-teaser/kpgcl1w|title=Imoh Umoren flashes Kelechi Udegbe as its lead star in 'Channel 77' teaser|date=8 April 2020|publisher=pulse|accessdate=14 October 2020}}</ref> == Ihe nkiri == {| class="wikitable" !Year !Film !Role !Genre !Ref. |- |2004 |''Hard Times'' |Director, writer |Film | |- |2007 |''The Station'' |Junior producer |TV series | |- |2007 |''Break the Bank'' |Producer |TV series | |- |2007 |''Don’t Forget The Lyrics'' |Junior producer |TV series | |- |2008 |''Project Fame'' |Junior producer |TV program | |- |2008 |''MTN Xtra Connect Game Show'' |Junior producer |TV series | |- |2008 |''MTV Advance Warning'' |Junior producer |TV series | |- |2009 |''Lemon Green'' |Director, writer |Film |<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thenigerianvoice.com/news/8008/i-want-to-take-lemon-green-to-22-film-festivals-says-imoh-u.html|title=I want to take Lemon Green to 22 film festivals says, Imoh Umoren|publisher=thenigerianvoice|accessdate=14 October 2020}}</ref> |- |2009 |''Malta Guinness Street Dance'' |Junior producer |TV program | |- |2010 |''All Sorts Of Trouble'' |Director, writer |Film | |- |2013 |''Have A Nice Day'' |Director, writer |Film | |- |2015 |''Lagos: Sex, Lies & Traffic'' |Director, writer |Film |<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://thenationonlineng.net/filmmaker-x-rays-lagosians-in-new-film-lagos-sex-lies-and-traffic/|title=Filmmaker X-rays Lagosians in new film, 'Lagos: Sex, Lies and Traffic|publisher=thenationonlineng|accessdate=14 October 2020}}</ref> |- |2016 |''The Happyness Limited'' |Director, writer |Film | |- |2017 |''Children of Mud'' |Director, producer, writer |Film | |- |2018 |Club | | | |- |2019 |''The Herbert Macaulay Affair'' |Director, producer |Film |<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/the-herbert-macaulay-affair-movie-review/e0rzhe6|title=The Herbert Macaulay Affair is a timely reminder that Nigerian history matters (Review)|date=28 October 2019|publisher=pulse|accessdate=14 October 2020}}</ref> |- |2020 |''Dear Bayo'' |Director, writer |Film | |} == Hụkwa == * Ndepụta nke ndị na-emepụta ihe nkiri na Naijiria * Ndepụta nke ndị nduzi ihe nkiri Naijiria == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}} == DNjikọ mpụga == * {{IMDb name|nm9540176}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20240615162104/https://wanawana.net/2015/11/02/new-short-film-mama-na-boy/ Ihe nkiri ọhụrụ dị mkpirikpi 'Mama Na Boy']    [[Òtù:Onye édémédé akwukwọ si-na Naigeria]] [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] orgd9qs28wy6c13cf4xb1n0bv158ygc 0 32217 696423 696406 2026-08-02T15:28:27Z Nachi kim 20090 Fixed reference error 696423 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Emmanuel Bwacha CON bụ onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Naijiria nke a họpụtara na Senate maka Taraba South Senatorial District nke Taraba State, Naijiria, na ntuli aka 2011. Emmanuel Bwacha CON Senate Naịjirịa Taraba Steeti Naịjirị A họpụtara ya na ikpo okwu nke Peoples Democratic Party (PDP). Òtù ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ndị mmadụ A họpụtara ya ọzọ n'okpuru otu pati ahụ na ntuli aka n'ozuzu nke afọ 2015.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://guardian.ng/politics/taraba-newcomers-will-be-busy-learning-the-ropes/|title=TARABA: Newcomers Will Be Busy Learning The Ropes|author=Akpeji|first=Charles|date=April 5, 2015|work=[[The Guardian (Nigeria)|The Guardian]]}}</ref> A mara Bwacha ọzọ dị ka onye mmeri nke ntuli aka 2019 maka Taraba South Senatorial District, Taraba State, Nigeria. Taraba Steeti Naịjirịa<ref>{{Cite web|title=Emmanuel Bwacha returns to senate for the third time|url=https://www.today.ng/news/politics/emmanuel-bwacha-returns-senate-third-time-198283/|author=Umoren|first=Brendan|date=February 26, 2019|work=today.ng}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Inec declares winners of Taraba Senatorial Race|url=https://channelstv.com/2019/02/28/inec-declares-senator-shuaibu-winner-of-taraba-senatorial-race/|work=[[Channels TV]]|date=28 February 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Full list of 101 senators-elect to get Certificate of Retur|url=https://www.blueprint.ng/214620-2/|work=[[Blueprint Newspaper]]|date=14 March 2019}}</ref> == Mbido ndụ, agụmakwụkwọ, na ọrụ == A mụrụ Bwacha na Donga Local Government Area nke Taraba State. Donga O nwere diplọma agụmakwụkwọ na nchịkwa ọha na eze site na Mahadum Calabar . Mahadum Calabar Onye ọrụ gọọmentị, ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka Kọmishọna nke Ọrụ Ugbo maka Taraba State n'etiti 1999 na 2003 na nchịkwa Jolly Nyame. Jolly Nyame A họpụtara Bwacha ka ọ bụrụ onye nnọchi anya gọọmentị etiti maka Donga / Ussa / Takum Constituency, na-eje ozi site na Mee 2003 ruo Mee 2007. Ụlọ Ndị Nnọchiteanya Federal Ọ bụ onye isi oche nke Kọmitii Ụlọ na-ahụ maka ihe gbasara ndị uwe ojii.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.thisdaylive.com/articles/in-taraba-jonathan-can-sleep-with-two-eyes-closed/77445/|title=In Taraba, Jonathan Can Sleep with Two Eyes Closed|work=ThisDay|author=Wole Ayodele|date=4 October 2010|accessdate=7 May 2011|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110720075247/http://www.thisdaylive.com/articles/in-taraba-jonathan-can-sleep-with-two-eyes-closed/77445/|archivedate=20 July 2011}}</ref> Na ntuli aka nke Eprel 2007 ọ tụfuru mgbalị ya maka oche Senate.<ref name=Dtrust20080626>{{cite web|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200806260397.html|title=Past Governments Have Failed Taraba - Bwacha|work=Daily Trust|last=Agbese|first=Andrew|date=26 June 2008|access-date=7 May 2011|via=[[allAfrica]]}}</ref> == Ndị omeiwu Naijiria == Onye ọkacha mmasị nke gọvanọ Danbaba Suntai, Bwacha meriri na ntuli aka PDP maka oche ndị omeiwu Taraba South na Jenụwarị 2011 na-enweghị mmegide sitere n'aka onye omeiwu nọ n'ọkwa Joel Danlami Ikenya, onye na-agba ọsọ maka ntuli aka dịka gọvanọ. Danbaba Suntai Joel Danlami Ikenya<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.nationalaccordnewspaper.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=193:tarabas-senatorial-race-heading-for-the-last-lap&catid=54:political-analysis&Itemid=82|title=Taraba’s Senatorial race: Heading for the last lap|date=22 March 2011|work=National Accord|author=ABy Iorzua Shaagba|accessdate=7 May 2011}}</ref> Na ntuli aka 9 Eprel 2011 Bwacha nwetara vootu 106,172, n'ihu Aliyu nke Action Congress of Nigeria (ACN) na vootu 80,256. Nzukọ Action nke Naịjirịa<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.inecnigeria.org/downloads/?did=114|publisher=INEC|title=Collated Senate results|accessdate=7 May 2011|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110419203046/http://www.inecnigeria.org/downloads/?did=114|archivedate=19 April 2011}}</ref> Senator Bwacha bụ onye na-azọ ọkwa gọvanọ nke APC na steeti Taraba. == Ihe odide == {{Reflist|refs={{cite web |url=http://www.afdevinfo.com/htmlreports/peo/peo_4078.html |title=Emmanuel Bwacha |work=AfDevInfo |access-date=7 May 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121007194357/http://www.afdevinfo.com/htmlreports/peo/peo_4078.html |archive-date=7 October 2012 }} <ref name=Dtrust20080626/>{{cite web |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200806260397.html |title=Past Governments Have Failed Taraba - Bwacha |work=Daily Trust |author=Andrew Agbese |date=26 June 2008 |access-date=7 May 2011}} {{Nigerian Senators of the 7th National Assembly}}{{Nigerian Senators of the 8th National Assembly}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Bwacha, Emmanuel}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] bnmuqz6rujcp7pp5zwqo8xup450ltcu 0 33310 696433 689614 2026-08-02T20:11:24Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 696433 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} <ref name=":3">{{Cite web|author=Bello|first=Usman|date=2022-08-03|title=2023: Adamawa Gov picks Female Professor as running mate|url=https://dailytrust.com/2023-adamawa-gov-picks-female-professor-as-running-mate|accessdate=2022-10-16|work=Daily Trust|language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFBello2022">Bello, Usman (3 August 2022). [https://dailytrust.com/2023-adamawa-gov-picks-female-professor-as-running-mate "2023: Adamawa Gov picks Female Professor as running mate"]. ''Daily Trust''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 October</span> 2022</span>.</cite></ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite web|author=Hammangabdo|first=Hussaini|date=2022-06-30|title=JUST-IN: Gov Fintiri Picks Adamawa Varsity VC, Prof. Farauta, As Running Mate|url=https://leadership.ng/just-in-gov-fintiri-picks-adamawa-varsity-vc-prof-farauta-as-running-mate/|accessdate=2022-10-16|language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFHammangabdo2022">Hammangabdo, Hussaini (30 June 2022). [https://leadership.ng/just-in-gov-fintiri-picks-adamawa-varsity-vc-prof-farauta-as-running-mate/ "JUST-IN: Gov Fintiri Picks Adamawa Varsity VC, Prof. Farauta, As Running Mate"]<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 October</span> 2022</span>.</cite></ref>.Kaletapwa George Farauta (amuru 28 Novemba 1965) bu onye okachamara na onye ndọrọndọrọ ọchịchị Naijiria, bu onye osote gọvanọ Adamawa steeti ugbua kemgbe 2023. Ọ bụ osote onyeisi obodo Adamawa State Un. == Akụkọ ndụ == <ref name=":5">{{Cite web|date=2022-08-03|title=2023: Gov. Fintiri unveils Adamawa varsity VC as running mate|url=https://gazettengr.com/2023-gov-fintiri-unveils-adamawa-varsity-vc-as-running-mate/|accessdate=2022-10-16|language=en-US}}</ref><ref name=":2"/> mụrụ Kaletapwa Farauta na 28 Nọvemba 1965 na Numan Local Government nke Adamawa Steeti . <ref name=":1">{{Cite web|date=2022-08-03|title=Fintiri unveils female professor as running mate for 2023 guber poll|url=https://thenationonlineng.net/fintiri-unveils-female-professor-as-running-mate-for-2023-guber-poll/|accessdate=2022-10-16|work=The Nation Newspaper|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref name=":3"/> O nwetara asambodo ngwụcha ụlọ akwụkwọ praịmarị ya na Numan II Primary School, Numan na 1979. N'afọ 1983, ọ nwetara asambodo ụlọ akwụkwọ dị elu na Federal Government Girls College (FGGC) Yola. <ref name=":6">{{Cite web|title=Professor Kaletapwa Farauta: Meet Adamawa Governor female running mate for 2023 with intimidating credentials|url=https://apexnewsexclusive.com/professor-kaletapwa-farauta-meet-adamawa-governor-female-running-mate-for-2023-with-intimidating-credentials/|accessdate=2022-10-16|work=Apex News Exclusive|language=en-US|archivedate=2022-10-16|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20221016183620/https://apexnewsexclusive.com/professor-kaletapwa-farauta-meet-adamawa-governor-female-running-mate-for-2023-with-intimidating-credentials/}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">. ''Apex News Exclusive''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 October</span> 2022</span>.</cite></ref>'afọ 1987, ọ nwetara asambodo mba ya na agụmakwụkwọ na Federal College of Education (FCE) Yola. O nwetara akara ugo mmụta mbụ na nke abụọ na Agricultural Extension na Mahadum Naịjirịa Nsukka na 1989 na 1995 n'otu n'otu. <ref name=":5" /><ref name=":4">{{Cite web|date=2022-08-03|title=Fintiri unveils female professor as running mate for 2023 guber poll|url=https://thenationonlineng.net/fintiri-unveils-female-professor-as-running-mate-for-2023-guber-poll/|accessdate=2022-10-16|work=The Nation Newspaper|language=en-US}}</ref> nwetara PhD ya na Federal University of Technology nke a maara ugbu a dị ka Modibbo Adama Federal University of Technologie, Yola [1] [2] <ref name=":2" /> == Nhọpụta ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị == . <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|author=Jeremiah|first=Urowayino|date=2022-07-01|title=Gov Fintiri dumps deputy, picks don|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2022/07/gov-fintiri-dumps-deputy-picks-don/|accessdate=2022-10-16|work=Vanguard News|language=en-GB}}</ref> <ref name=":6"/>Site na Julaị ruo Ọktoba, 2014, Farauta jere ozi dị ka onye isi oche Executive, Adamawa State Universal Basic Education Board (ADSUBEB). Na 28 Ọgọst 2015 Farauta weghaara ọkwa dịka Kọmishọna na-asọpụrụ == Onye isi oche == N'abalị iri na asaa n'ọnwa Julaị n'afọ 2017, gọvanọ steeti ahụ n'oge ahụ, Senator Muhammad Umaru [[Bindo Jibrilla|Jibrilla Bindow]] mere ya osote onye isi oche nke Mahadum Adamawa State. Ahmadu Fintiri mechara kwado <ref>{{Cite web|author=Blueprint|date=2022-07-14|title=On Fintiri's running mate Farauta|url=https://www.blueprint.ng/on-fintiris-running-mate-farauta-2/|accessdate=2022-10-17|work=Blueprint Newspapers|language=en-US|archivedate=2022-10-17|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20221017051925/https://www.blueprint.ng/on-fintiris-running-mate-farauta-2/}}</ref> dị ka osote chancellor. == Ebemsidee == <references /> [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 15ourghfoo8hyvmvdaq9cpnjuxahv5e 0 33710 696462 136462 2026-08-03T06:53:44Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 696462 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="infobox biography vcard" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;" |<div class="fn" style="display:inline">Maria Bonghi Jovino</div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |A mụrụ ya | class="infobox-data" |1931<br /><div class="birthplace" style="display:inline">Naples, Ịtali</div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Aha ya | class="infobox-data title" |Prọfesọ nke Etruscology na Italic Archaeology |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" |<templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles> |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" |Ọrụ agụmakwụkwọ |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Ịdọ aka ná ntị | class="infobox-data" |Nkà mmụta ihe ochie |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Akụkụ nke ọzụzụ | class="infobox-data" |Ọmụmụ ihe Etruscology |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Ụlọ ọrụ | class="infobox-data" |Mahadum nke Milan |} [[Category:Articles with hCards]] '''Maria Bonghi Jovino''' (amụrụ n'afọ 1931) bụ onye ọkà mmụta ihe ochie nke Ịtali. Bonghi Jovino bụ Prọfesọ nke Etruscology na Italic Archaeology na Mahadum Milan . <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://www.ajaonline.org/author/791|title=Maria Bonghi Jovino|publisher=American Journal of Archaeology|work=www.ajaonline.org|date=January 2010|language=en|accessdate=22 October 2018|archivedate=22 November 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181122172138/https://www.ajaonline.org/author/791}}</ref> == Akụkọ ndụ == Ọrụ ya na-elekwasị anya na Italy tupu ndị Rom, gụnyere mmepeanya Etruscan na Campania tupu ndị Rom. Ọ gwupụtara na Campania na Etruria. Nnukwu nchọpụta dị na Tarquinia, ọ nyekwara ntụziaka nchọpụta na Pompeii (Regio VI, Insula 5). <ref name=":0"/> Site <ref>{{Cite book|title=Etruscology|author=Alessandro|first=Naso|isbn=978-1934078495|location=Boston, US|oclc=1012851705|date=2017-09-25}}</ref> 1982 ọ duziri nchọpụta na Piano di Civita, ebe ọrụ ọha na eze na nke okpukpe. [1] == Onyinye na nsọpụrụ == Bonghi Jovino bụ onye otu Board of Directors nke Istituto Nazionale di Studi Etruschi e Italici, Accademia di Napoli. Ọ nọ na Kọmitii ndụmọdụ nke ntọala maka Faina Museum nke Orvieto ma bụrụkwa onye otu Deutsches Archäologisches Institut. E mere ya nwa amaala nsọpụrụ nke Tarquinia na 2008. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.civonline.it/articolo/cittadinanza-onoraria-alla-professoressa-maria-bonghi-iovino|title=Cittadinanza onoraria alla professoressa Maria Bonghi Iovino|work=CIVONLINE|accessdate=2018-10-22|archivedate=2018-11-22|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181122215406/http://www.civonline.it/articolo/cittadinanza-onoraria-alla-professoressa-maria-bonghi-iovino}}</ref> Bonghi Jovino bụ onye nduzi nke usoro mbipụta ''Capua Preromana'' .   <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2018)">citation needed</span>]]''&#x5D;</sup> N'afọ 2012, a raara mpịakọta Interpretando l'antico nye ya. <ref>{{Cite book|title=Interpretando l'antico : scritti di archeologia offerti a Maria Bonghi Jovino|others=Bonghi Jovino, Maria,, Chiaramonte Treré, Cristina,, Bagnasco Gianni, Giovanna,, Chiesa, Federica,, Università di Milano. Sezione di archeologia., Cisalpino (Firm)|isbn=9788820510473|location=Milano|oclc=855995949|year=2012}}</ref> == Akwụkwọ ndị a họọrọ == === Tarquinia === * Funzioni, symbo na potere. I 'bronzi' nke 'complesso' di Tarquinia, na Kolloquium zum Thema Der Orient und Etrurien, Tübingen June 1997 (Hrsg. Friedhelm Prayon und Wolfang Röllig), Roma-Pisa 2000. * Progettualità e concettualità nel percorso storico di Tarquinia, in Tarquinia e le civiltà del Mediterraneo, Atti del Convegno Internazionale (Milano 22-24 June 2004), Milan 2006. * Tarquinia Ụdị Onyinye, Chi Etruscan na Àgwà na Ihe Ndị Echaeological Record, na Akụkụ Ihe onwunwe nke Okpukpe Etruscan. Ihe omuma nke International Colloquium, Leiden, May 29 na 30, 2008, Leuven 2010. * Tarquinia M na-atụ egwu. Realtà e immaginario di un archeologo, Milan 2011. * The Tarquinia Project: Nchịkọta nke afọ 25 nke nchọpụta. ''American Journal of Archaeology'' 114.1, 161-180. DOI: 10,3764/aja.114,1,161. * Banyere ụmụ akwụkwụ nke Tarquinia. Ntụle. ''Atenaeum'' 97 (2): 471-476 * L'uomo di mare di Tarquinia. Otu àjà humano na-azaghachi na abitativo tra riflessione teorica e documentazione archeologica. 2018. Ihe ndị na-eme n'oge ochie === Ọrụ aka === * [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] * Otu tabella capuana con ratto di Ganimede ed i suoiangang con l'arte tarantina, na Hommages à M. Renard III, Coll. Latomus 103, 1968. * N'ihi ya, ọ dị n'akwụkwọ a kpọrọ Etruria ed i suoi riflessi nell'Italia antica. Questioni cronologiche e correlazioni artistiche, na Atti del Secondo Congresso Internazionale Etrusco, Firenze (1985), Roma 1989. * Artigiani na botteghe nell'Italia preromana. Appunti e riflessioni per un sistema di analisi; na Artigiani e botteghe nell'Italia preromana, Studi sulla coroplastica di area etrusco-laziale-campana, Roma 1990. * Ebe nsọ na ememe * Obere ihe na-eme ka ọ dị obere Depositi votivi na sacralità. Dall'analisi del rituale alla letura interpretativa delle forme di religiosità, na Atti del Convegno "Depositi votivi e culti dell'Italia antica, dall'età arcaica a aquella tardo-repubblicana", Perugia 2000, Lecce 2005. * I rituali sacri degli Etruschi tra identità e innovazione alla luce di un inedito calderone di impasto dall'area sacra di Tarquinia, na Across Frontiers. Ndị Etruscan, ndị Gris, ndị Phoenician na ndị Saịprọs, Studies in honour of David Ridgway and Francesca Romana Serra Ridgway, London 2006. === Ụzọ e si ekewa === * Aspetti e problemi dell' "Archeologia da campo". Acquisizioni, prospective e considerazioni teoretiche e metodologiche, na Proceedings of the XVth International Congresso f Classical Archaeology, Amsterdam July 12-17, 1998, Amsterdam 1999. * Prospettive di pensiero na prassi archeologica. Appunti in margine alla classificazione e all'interpretazione dei materia archeologici di Tarquinia, na Studi di protostoria in onore di Renato Peroni, Firenze 2006. == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] h52iiroyb3xpymq4nizdwl6fb5cembo 0 33749 696735 595796 2026-08-03T08:13:08Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 696735 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Mary Ann Eaverly''' bụ Prọfesọ nke Classics na Mahadum Florida nke a maara maka ọrụ ya na ihe osise Gris oge ochie. <ref name=":0" /> == Ọrụ == <ref>{{Cite web|date=1984|title=AMERICAN SCHOOL OF CLASSICAL STUDIES AT ATHENS ONE HUNDRED AND THIRD ANNUAL REPORT 1983-1984|url=https://www.ascsa.edu.gr/uploads/media/AR_103_1983-84.pdf}}</ref> gụrụ Classical <ref>{{Cite web|date=1983|title=AMERICAN SCHOOL OF CLASSICAL STUDIES AT ATHENS ONE HUNDRED AND SECOND ANNUAL REPORT 1982-1983|url=https://www.ascsa.edu.gr/archives/uploads/ASCSA_AR_102_1982-83.pdf}}</ref> Near Eastern Archaeology na Bryn Mawr College na Mahadum Michigan, ebe e nyere ya PhD na 1986 maka edemede akpọrọ 'The Equestrian Statue in Archaic Greek Sculpture.' <ref>{{Cite web|title=The Equestrian Statue in Archaic Greek Sculpture.|url=https://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/handle/2027.42/160948|accessdate=2020-10-22|work=deepblue.lib.umich.edu}}</ref> Ọ nọrọ oge 1982-84 na American School of Classical Studies na Athens, ebe ọ bụ Vanderpool Fellow na 1984. <ref name=":0" />'ikpeazụ, ọ sonyeere Mahadum Florida na 1986, ebe ọ bụ prọfesọ na onyeisi oche nke ngalaba nke Classics kemgbe 2015. N'afọ 2016, Eaverly natara Greenia Fellowship maka ọrụ ya bụ Parthenon, Pilgrimage, na Panathenaia: A Re-examination of Archaic Greek Votive Statues . <ref name="Previous Award Recipients">{{Cite web|title=Previous Award Recipients|url=https://www.wm.edu/sites/pilgrimage/researchandfunding/greeniafellowship/recipients/index.php|accessdate=2020-10-22|work=William & Mary|language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|date=1997|title=CLAS Notes|url=https://ufdcimages.uflib.ufl.edu/UF/00/07/36/82/00106/1997-07-CLASnotes.pdf}}</ref> Eaverly lekwasịrị anya <ref>{{Cite web|title=Faculty Profile: Mary Ann Eaverly|url=https://news.clas.ufl.edu/faculty-profile-mary-ann-eaverly/|accessdate=2020-10-22|work=news.clas.ufl.edu|language=en-US}}</ref> ihe oyiyi na nka Gris na nke Ijipt, ọkachasị ihe ọkpụkpụ Gris oge ochie. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Mary Ann Eaverly|url=http://classics.ufl.edu/people/faculty/eaverly/|accessdate=2020-10-22|work=classics.ufl.edu|language=en-US}}</ref> bipụtara akwụkwọ mbụ ya, nke dabeere na edemede ya, na 1995, na nyocha ya sochirinụ gụnyere agba na okike na nka Gris na Ijipt, isiokwu nke akwụkwọ ya nke abụọ, 'Tan Men, Pale Women: Color and Gender in Ancient Greece and Egypt', nke e bipụtara na 2013. N'afọ 2016 ọ natara Greenia Fellowship maka ọrụ ya Parthenon, Pilgrimage, na Panathenaia: A Re-examination of Archaic Greek Votive Statues . <ref name="Previous Award Recipients" /> Eaverly ebipụtakwala ihe osise ihe mgbe ochie <ref name=":0"/> ndị na-ede uri nke oge a, ya na [[Marsha Bryant]] na Mahadum Florida. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Mezzo Cammin: An Online Journal of Formalist Poetry by Women - Contributors|url=http://www.mezzocammin.com/iambic.php?vol=2017&iss=1&cat=contributors&page=contributors|accessdate=2020-10-22|work=www.mezzocammin.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=Classical Convergences: Traditions & Inventions|url=https://people.clas.ufl.edu/mbryant/gallery/classical-convergences/|accessdate=2020-10-22|work=people.clas.ufl.edu|language=en}}</ref>'otu aka ahụ, Bryant na Eaverly haziri ihe ngosi 'Classical Convergences: Traditions & Inventions' na Samuel P. Harn Museum of Art na 2014-15. [1] == Akwụkwọ ndị ọzọ == * with Bryant, M. (2019) 'Modernist Migrations: Myths, Museums, Pedagogy', in eds. Kozak and Hickman, ''The Classics in Modernist Translation'', Bloomsbury, 189-200 {{ISBN|9781350040953}} * (2013)''Tan Men, Pale Women: Color and Gender in Ancient Greece and Egypt''. University of Michigan Press: Ann Arbor {{ISBN|9780472119110}}<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Bianchi|first=Robert S.|date=2014|title=Review of Tan Men/Pale Women. Color and Gender in Archaic Greece and Egypt, a Comparative Approach, EaverlyMary Ann|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/26537109|journal=Journal of the American Research Center in Egypt|volume=50|pages=233–235|issn=0065-9991}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2014-12-17|title=Tan Men/Pale Women: Color and Gender in Archaic Greece and Egypt. A Comparative Approach|url=https://www.ajaonline.org/book-review/1962|accessdate=2020-10-22|work=American Journal of Archaeology|language=en|archivedate=2020-10-28|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20201028173644/https://www.ajaonline.org/book-review/1962}}</ref> * with Bryant, M. (2007). 'Egypto-Modernism: James Henry Breasted, HD, and the New Past.' ''Modernism/modernity'', ''14''(3), 435–453. * with Bryant, M. (2004) 'Classical Tourism in Debora Greger's Poetry.' ''Mosaic (Winnipeg)'', ''37(3)'', 67–91. * (1999) 'Color and Gender in Ancient Painting: A Pan-Mediterranean Approach', in eds. Wicker and Arnold, ''From the Ground Up: Beyond Gender Theory in Archaeology.'' Archaeopress: Oxford, 5–10. {{ISBN|9781841710259}}[[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/9781841710259|9781841710259]] * (1995) ''Archaic Greek Equestrian Sculpture.'' University of Michigan Press: Ann Arbor {{ISBN|9780472103515}}<ref>{{Cite web|title=1996.8.11, Eaverly, Archaic Greek Equestrian Sculpture – Bryn Mawr Classical Review|url=https://bmcr.brynmawr.edu/1996/1996.08.11/|accessdate=2020-10-22|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|author=Houser|first=Caroline M.|date=2000|title=Review of Archaic Greek Equestrian Sculpture|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/506807|journal=American Journal of Archaeology|volume=104|issue=1|pages=138–140|doi=10.2307/506807|issn=0002-9114}}</ref> == Edemsibịa == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ gọọmentị [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] m327sgyn7p7odqacm719af09e2gf48a 0 33989 696452 580479 2026-08-03T04:01:51Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 696452 wikitext text/x-wiki <references group="" responsive="1"></references>{{Databox}} '''Lucia Prauscello''' bụ onye Classicist nke na-arụ ọrụ na Greek Philology and Literature. Ọ bụ prọfesọ na Mahadum Oxford . == Mmụta == Prauscello gụsịrị akwụkwọ <ref name=":0"/> Mahadum Pisa n'afọ 1999, wee nweta akara ugo mmụta na Scuola Normale Superiore, Pisa n"afọ 2003. == Ọrụ == Prauscello nwere Junior Research Fellowship na Scuola Normale Superiore, Pisa (site na 2003 ruo 2004) sochiri Momigliano Fellowsship na Arts na UCL site na 2004 ruo 2006. N'afọ 2005, a họpụtara Prauscello dị ka onye nkuzi mahadum, mgbe e mesịrị onye nkuzi nke mahadum, na Mahadum Cambridge, na onye otu na onye nduzi nke ọmụmụ na Classics na Trinity Hall. Site na 2016 ruo 2018 ọ bụ onye na-agụ akwụkwọ na Mahadum Cambridge, Faculty of Classics. N'afọ 2015 o nwere Humboldt Fellowship na Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin . <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.humboldt-foundation.de/pls/web/pub_hn_query.humboldtianer_details?p_lang=en&p_externe_id=7000283960|title=Humboldt Network|author=|first=|date=|work=www.humboldt-foundation.de|archiveurl=|archivedate=|accessdate=2020-02-08}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.classics.ox.ac.uk/people/lucia-prauscello|title=Professor Lucia Prauscello|work=www.classics.ox.ac.uk|language=en|accessdate=2020-02-08}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://www.asc.ox.ac.uk/person/3410?m1=3&m2=4|title=All Souls College Oxford|work=www.asc.ox.ac.uk|accessdate=2020-02-08|archivedate=2020-01-14|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200114194056/https://www.asc.ox.ac.uk/person/3410?m1=3&m2=4}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://web.archive.org/web/20201014120550/https://www.asc.ox.ac.uk/person/3410?m1=3&m2=4 "All Souls College Oxford"]. ''www.asc.ox.ac.uk''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-02-08</span></span>.</cite></ref> afọ 2018, ọ bụ Senior Research Fellow na All Souls College, Mahadum Oxford. Prauscello nọ na bọọdụ nchịkọta akụkọ nke Sapienza Università Editrice, Kọmitii Nchịkwa Oxyrhynchus Papyri, ma kemgbe 2017 ọ bụ onye nchịkọta akụkọ nke ''Cambridge Classical Journal.'' . <ref name=":0"/> Ọ bụ onye nchịkọta akụkọ, ya na Alessandro Barchiesi, Robert Fowler na Nigel Wilson, nke usoro [https://www.degruyter.com/serial/sozomena-b/html?lang=en Sozomena], nke Walter de Gruyter bipụtara maka Herculaneum Society. == Akwụkwọ ndị a họọrọ == * 2006''.''Ịbụ abụ Alexandria: Egwú n'etiti Practice na Textual Transmission, Mnemosyne Supplement Series. Leiden na Boston: Brill. * 2013. E. Bakola, L. Prauscello na M. Telò (ed.), Greek Comedy and the Discourse of Genres. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. * 2014. Aka na akwụkwọ mpịakọta na P.Oxy.4411: ihe akaebe mbụ dị ugbu a maka Plato's Critias (= P.Oxi.4411 frr. 88-90 + 92 + 94-95) ", nke ya na G. Ucciardello dere. ''Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik'' 191: 47-58. * 2013. Demeter na Dionysos na narị afọ nke isii n'ebe ndịda Argolid: Lasus nke Hermione, ofufe nke Demeter Chthonia na mmalite nke dithyramb, "na B. Kowalzig na P. Wilson (ed.), Song Culture and Social Change: The Contexts of Dithyramb. Oxford: 76-92. * 2014. Aka na akwụkwọ mpịakọta na P.Oxy.4411: ihe akaebe mbụ dị ugbu a maka Plato's Critias (= P.Oxi.4411 frr. 88-90 + 92 + 94-95) ", nke ya na G. Ucciardello dere. ''Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik'' 191: 47-58. * 2014''. '' ''Ime ka ọ bụrụ nwa amaala na Iwu Plato.'' Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. * 2015. [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] 88 Voigt (P.Oxy.2290 + P.Oxy,4411): nyocha ọzọ", nke ya na G. Ucciardello dere. ''Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik'' 195: 13-29. * 2019. Themistocles" philotimia na IEleusis 300 (= SEG 30.93) ll. 65-67: ụfọdụ nchọpụta asụsụ. ''Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik.'' == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 90k246lq1zww1tcctbskx9ftakzifqn 0 34274 696435 135719 2026-08-02T20:47:49Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 696435 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Karen Ritscher''' bụ onye America na-eme violin na agụmakwụkwọ. Ọ nọ na ngalaba nke Manhattan School of Music, <ref>{{Cite web|title=Karen Ritscher|url=https://www.msmnyc.edu/faculty/karen-ritscher/|accessdate=2022-05-08|work=Manhattan School of Music|language=en|archivedate=2022-05-16|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220516160311/https://www.msmnyc.edu/faculty/karen-ritscher/}}</ref> Mahadum New York na Mahadum Boston. Ɔ na-eme ma na- nje na United States, Eshia na Europe. Ọ bụ onye nkuzi 5Rhythms® Movement, ọ na-eduzi ụlọ ọrụ na ụlọ ọgwụ, na-machibido ihe mgbaàmà nke na nka nke onwe onye dị ka onye egwu. Ritscher jere ozi dị ka onye isi violin maka ma Dallas Opera na Houston Grand Opera na onye ọbịa onye isi maka American Composers Orchestra. Ọ na-arụ ọrụ na Orpheus Chamber Orchestra, Houston Symphony, New York City Ballet Orchestra na New York City Opera Orchestra. Ọ bụ onye otu Aureus Piano Quartet the Azure Ensemble yana igwu egwu n'ọtụtụ egwu ụlọ ndị ọzọ na ego. O nyela ọrụ ma ọrụ ọhụrụ site n'aka ndị na-ede egwu dịka Chen Yi, Bruce Adolphe na Gabriela Lena Frank. Ritscher jere ozi na ngalaba nke Mahadum Rice, Mannes College of Music, Oberlin Conservatory na Eastman School of Music. Ọ bụ ọrụ na ngalaba nke Karen Tuttle Coordination Workshop akpa e malitere ya. Ọ bụ onye akwụkwọ maka akwụkwọ Madeline Bruser, "The Art of Practicing; A Guide to Making Music from the Heart". == Ihe odide == <references /> [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] o50eji5ia9mepff1cc7svwo1d1akc81 0 34863 696455 146528 2026-08-03T04:32:12Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 696455 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}    [[Category:Articles with hCards]] '''Lynne A. Opperman''' bụ onye nchọpụta America. Tupu mmalite nke afọ agụmakwụkwọ 2021-22, a kpọrọ Opperman onye isi oche nke Texas A&amp;amp;M University College of Dentistry. == Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ == A mụrụ Opperman ma zụlite ya na Johannesburg, South Africa. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Lynne Opperman|url=https://dentistry.tamu.edu/bms/facultystaffstudents/faculty/opperman.html|publisher=Texas A&M University|accessdate=October 4, 2021|archivedate=November 5, 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211105192423/https://dentistry.tamu.edu/bms/facultystaffstudents/faculty/opperman.html}}</ref> gara Mahadum nke Witwatersrand maka nzere Bachelor of Science na Ph.D. tupu ọ kwaga United States maka postdoctoral fellowships ya. == Ọrụ == N'ịgbaso mkpakọrịta ya, Opperman sonyeere ngalaba na Mahadum Virginia School of Medicine dị ka osote prọfesọ na nyocha. <ref name="Fuentes">{{Cite web|author=Fuentes|first=Jennifer|title=REGENTS PROFESSOR DESIGNATION FOR OPPERMAN|url=https://dentistryinsider.tamhsc.edu/regents-professor-designation-for-opperman/|publisher=Texas A&M University|accessdate=October 4, 2021|date=November 19, 2015}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFFuentes2015">Fuentes, Jennifer (19 November 2015). [https://dentistryinsider.tamhsc.edu/regents-professor-designation-for-opperman/ "REGENTS PROFESSOR DESIGNATION FOR OPPERMAN"]. Texas A&M University<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 October</span> 2021</span>.</cite></ref> mechara hapụ ya ka ọ sonye na Mahadum Texas A&amp;amp;M na 1996. N'oge mbụ ọ nọrọ na Texas A&M, Opperman jere ozi dị ka onye isi oche nke Craniofacial Biology Group maka International Association for Dental Research na na bọọdụ nchịkọta akụkọ dị iche iche. <ref>{{Cite news|author=Miller|first=Robert|title=Dallasite to lead anatomists|url=https://www.pressreader.com/usa/the-dallas-morning-news/20110121/286551629246004|accessdate=October 4, 2021|publisher=Dallas Morning News|date=January 21, 2011}}</ref>'afọ 2011, mgbe ọ na-eje ozi dị ka onye nduzi nke mmepe teknụzụ na prọfesọ na sayensị biomedicine, a họpụtara ya dịka onye isi oche a họpụtara nke American Association of Anatomists . [1] <ref name="Fuentes"/>'ihi nyocha ya, e nyere Opperman utu aha Regents Professor site na Texas A&M University System Board of Regents na 2015. Mgbe nke <ref>{{Cite web|title=ADVANCING SCIENCE, ENCOURAGING DENTAL RESEARCH|url=https://dentistryinsider.tamhsc.edu/advancing-science-encouraging-dental-research/|publisher=Texas A&M University|accessdate=October 4, 2021|date=March 1, 2017}}</ref> gasịrị, a kpọrọ ya onye isi ngalaba na-anọchi anya sayensị biomedicine nke Texas A&M [1] ma họpụta ya maka afọ atọ dị ka onye nnọchi anya kansụl maka American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). <ref>{{Cite web|title=FACES IN NEW PLACES|url=https://dentistryinsider.tamhsc.edu/faces-in-new-places/|publisher=Texas A&M University|accessdate=October 4, 2021|date=November 11, 2016}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=Three Texas A&M Faculty Members Selected as AAAS Fellows|url=https://today.tamu.edu/2019/11/26/two-texas-am-faculty-members-selected-as-aaas-fellows/|publisher=Texas A&M University|accessdate=October 4, 2021|date=November 26, 2019}}</ref>'afọ 2019, Opperman bụ otu n'ime ndị otu atọ nke Texas A&M họpụtara dị ka ndị Fellows nke AAAS. Tupu mmalite nke afọ agụmakwụkwọ 2021-<ref>{{Cite web|title=Appointment of Interim Dean, College of Dentistry|url=https://provost.tamu.edu/Menu/News/Appointment-of-Interim-Dean,-College-of-Dentistry|publisher=Texas A&M University|accessdate=October 4, 2021|date=June 2, 2021|archivedate=October 4, 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211004150550/https://provost.tamu.edu/Menu/News/Appointment-of-Interim-Dean,-College-of-Dentistry}}</ref>, a kpọrọ Opperman onye isi oche nke Texas A&amp;amp;M University College of Dentistry. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Brock|first=LaDawn|title=Fourth-Year Dental Students Administer COVID-19 Vaccines|url=https://today.tamu.edu/2021/09/15/fourth-year-dental-students-administer-covid-19-vaccines/|publisher=Texas A&M University|accessdate=October 4, 2021|date=September 15, 2021}}</ref> Septemba 2021, Opperman jikọrọ aka mepụta usoro mmụta iji kwe ka ụmụ akwụkwọ ezé nke afọ anọ nye Ọgwụ mgbochi COVID-19. [1] == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * Lynne Oppermanmbipụta ndị edepụtara site naOnye Ọkà mmụta Google [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] bu3cbmf6kd4viyhefnil438fz316n8p 0 35336 696460 200656 2026-08-03T05:58:59Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 696460 wikitext text/x-wiki <references /> {{Databox}}'''Malik '''Maaza'''''' (amụrụ n'afọ 1963), nke edekwara dị ka Mâaza, <ref name=":4">{{Cite web|author=AE|first=Rédaction|date=2021-12-21|title=Conseil national de la recherche scientifique et des technologies: Belgacem Haba, Miriam Merad et des PDG d'entreprises parmi les membres|url=https://www.algerie-eco.com/2021/12/21/conseil-national-de-la-recherche-scientifique-et-des-technologies-belgacem-haba-miriam-merad-et-des-pdg-dentreprises-parmi-les-membres/|accessdate=2023-11-25|work=Algerie Eco|language=fr-FR}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|author=((Journaliste 1))|date=2019-04-29|title=Le chercheur Algérien Malik Maâza distingué par le président Sud-Africain|url=https://www.algerie360.com/le-chercheur-algerien-malik-maaza-distingue-par-le-president-sud-africain/|accessdate=2023-11-25|work=Algerie360|language=fr}}</ref> bụ onye Africa na-ahụ maka physics na UNESCO Chair na Nanosciences na Nanotechnology. O nyela aka dị ukwuu na ngalaba nke physics, ọkachasị na nanosciences na nanotechnology. Maaza enwetala ọtụtụ onyinye dị elu, gụnyere Order of Mapungubwe na Spirit of Abdus Salam Award, na mmata site na World Cultural Council maka onyinye ya na agụmakwụkwọ na nyocha na physics. == Akụkọ ndụ == === Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ === <ref>{{Cite web|date=2018-06-05|title=World Cultural Council acknowledges NRF Physicist with the World Award of Education|url=https://www.dst.gov.za/index.php/media-room/latest-news/2531-world-cultural-council-acknowledges-nrf-physicist-with-the-world-award-of-education|work=Department of Science and innovation|accessdate=2023-12-28|archivedate=2023-11-25|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20231125185842/https://www.dst.gov.za/index.php/media-room/latest-news/2531-world-cultural-council-acknowledges-nrf-physicist-with-the-world-award-of-education}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=|first=|date=2018-06-13|title=Son of the African continent honoured by world body|url=https://yiba.co.za/son-of-the-african-continent-honoured-by-world-body/|accessdate=2023-11-25|work=Yiba|language=en-ZA}}</ref> mụrụ Malik Maaza na [[Algeria]] n'afọ 1963. O nwetara nzere bachelọ na physics siri ike na Mahadum nke Oran n'afọ 1987. <ref name=":3">{{Cite web|title=Prof Malik Maaza|url=https://www.unisa.ac.za/sites/corporate/default/Colleges/College-of-Graduate-Studies/Staff-Members/Prof-Malik-Maaza|accessdate=2023-11-25|work=www.unisa.ac.za}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://www.unisa.ac.za/sites/corporate/default/Colleges/College-of-Graduate-Studies/Staff-Members/Prof-Malik-Maaza "Prof Malik Maaza"]. ''www.unisa.ac.za''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-11-25</span></span>.</cite></ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite web|title=M. Maaza|url=https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37584734400|accessdate=2023-11-25|work=IEEE}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37584734400 "M. Maaza"]. ''IEEE''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-11-25</span></span>.</cite></ref> gbasoro nzere masta na photonics na Paris VI (Mahadum Pierre na Marie Curie nke taa) n'afọ 1988, wee soro PhD na neutron optics na 1991 n'otu ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ. === Ọrụ === Mgbe ọ rụchara ọrụ na mahadum dị na Europe na Eshia, Maaza sonyeere Mahadum nke Witwatersrand na 1997 dị ka onye nkuzi dị elu ma mesịa duzie Advanced Nano-Materials na Nano-Scale Physics Lab. O jikọrọ aka guzobe African Laser Centre na South African Nanotechnology Initiative nke a malitere na 2001 ma bụrụ onye isi nke Nanosciences African Network . <ref name=":5">{{Cite web|title=Prof Malik Maaza: South Africa|work=Africa and International Use of Energy|url=https://aiue.co.za/speaker/prof-malik-maaza-south-africa/|accessdate=2023-11-25|language=en-US|archivedate=2023-12-06|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20231206174926/https://aiue.co.za/speaker/prof-malik-maaza-south-africa/}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">. ''Africa and International Use of Energy''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-11-25</span></span>.</cite></ref> Maaza <ref>{{Cite web|author=Mafika|date=2014-07-08|title=Africa's first accelerator mass spectrometry lab unveiled|url=https://www.brandsouthafrica.com/investments-immigration/science-technology/ams-080714|accessdate=2021-04-30|work=Brand South Africa|language=en-US}}</ref> prọfesọ na Mahadum nke South Africa kemgbe afọ 2013, <ref>{{Cite web|work=Loop|title=Malik Maaza|url=https://loop.frontiersin.org/people/318901/bio|accessdate=2023-11-25}}</ref> na onye otu iThemba LABS kemgbe afọ 2005, <ref name=":1">{{Cite web|date=2022-02-05|title=Malik Maaza awarded the Spirit of Salam|url=https://tlabs.ac.za/malik-maaza-awarded-the-spirit-of-salam/|work=iThemba LABS|accessdate=2023-12-28|archivedate=2023-11-25|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20231125170801/https://tlabs.ac.za/malik-maaza-awarded-the-spirit-of-salam/}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">. ''iThemba LABS''. 2022-02-05.</cite></ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=Prof Malik Maaza|url=http://worldscienceforum.org/participants/maaza-malik-44655|accessdate=2023-11-25|work=World Science Forum|archivedate=2023-11-25|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20231125222234/https://worldscienceforum.org/participants/maaza-malik-44655}}</ref> ụlọ ọrụ nyocha sayensị a maara dị ka National Accelerator Centre, ma bụrụ ọkachamara n'iji ihe na-eme ka ihe na-agba ọsọ. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Prof Malik Maaza|url=http://worldscienceforum.org/participants/maaza-malik-44655|accessdate=2023-11-25|work=World Science Forum|archivedate=2023-11-25|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20231125222234/https://worldscienceforum.org/participants/maaza-malik-44655}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=UNESCO - UNISA Africa Chair in nanoscience and nanotechnology|url=https://www.unisa.ac.za/sites/corporate/default/Colleges/College-of-Graduate-Studies/About/Unesco-%E2%80%93-Unisa-Africa-Chair-in-nanoscience-and-nanotechnology#:~:text=This%20joint%20chair,%20the%20UNESCO,network%20in%20Nanosciences%20(ICTP%20Network|accessdate=2023-11-25|work=www.unisa.ac.za}}</ref> bụ onye isi oche UNESCO Africa na nanoscience na nanotechnology kemgbe afọ 2013. [1] [2] <ref name=":4"/> họpụtara Maaza ka ọ bụrụ onye otu National Council for Scientific Research and Technology na 2021. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Showing the Way to Young Researchers Scientific African's Physical Sciences editors, Dr. Maaza and Dr. Eisa, share years of wisdom with African scientists - Editor Profiles - Scientific African - Journal - Elsevier|url=https://www.journals.elsevier.com/scientific-african/editor-profiles/journals.elsevier.com/scientific-african/editor-profiles/showing-the-way-to-young-researchers-scientific-africans-phy|accessdate=2023-11-25|work=www.journals.elsevier.com}}</ref> bụ onye nchịkọta akụkọ maka akwụkwọ akụkọ Scientific African . [1] == Nnyocha ==   Maaza <ref name=":2"/> ọkachamara na nyocha nke nanomaterials, na-enyocha njikwa ha na njirimara ha na nanoscale. Nnyocha <ref name=":5"/> gbasara photonics na nano-scale materials science, na-elekwasị anya na ngwa dị iche iche dị ka [[Selective solar absorbers|ndị na-anabata anyanwụ]], nanofluids maka nnyefe okpomọkụ dị elu na ike anyanwụ, na teknụzụ ike ọhụrụ. O lekwasịrị anya na ihe ndị dị elu, gụnyere nanocomposites na ihe ndị dabeere na Biogenic, na-achọ ịchọpụta ngwa na njirimara ha. N'ịchọpụta nanophotonics na foto-active nanomaterials, Maaza na-enyocha ihe onwunwe anya ha maka iji ya mee ihe na photonics na teknụzụ ọkụ. Tụkwasị <ref>{{Cite web|title=Malik Maaza {{!}} University of South Africa {{!}} 660 Publications {{!}} 20205 Citations {{!}} Related Authors|url=https://scispace.com/authors/malik-maaza-5dly11hd9j|accessdate=2023-11-25|work=SciSpace - Author|language=en}}</ref> nke a, ọ na-ebute ụzọ na smart coatings, na-achọ ọrụ karịrị omenala coatings. <ref name=":3"/> <ref>{{Cite web|title=Maaza|url=https://scholar.google.co.za/citations?user=e6kaeYMAAAAJ&hl=fr|accessdate=2023-11-25|work=scholar.google.co.za}}</ref> depụtara akwụkwọ ya dị ukwuu ugboro 26,655 ka ọ na-erule Nọvemba 2023, na h-index ya bụ 95. == Onyinye na nsọpụrụ == A họpụtara Maaza dị ka Fellow nke ọtụtụ ndị ọkà mmụta gụnyere African Academy of Sciences na 2009 na Royal Society of Chemistry . <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Fellow {{!}} The AAS|url=https://aasciences.africa/|accessdate=2023-11-25|work=AAS Fellow: Maaza Malik|language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=Professor Maaza garners international award|url=https://www.unisa.ac.za/sites/corporate/default/Colleges/College-of-Graduate-Studies/Media-&-events/Articles/Professor-Maaza-garners-international-award|accessdate=2023-11-25|work=www.unisa.ac.za}}</ref><ref name=":1"/><ref name=":3"/><ref>{{Cite web|author=admin|date=2018-06-01|title=Prof. Malik Mâaza|url=https://www.consejoculturalmundial.org/winners/winner-education/prof-malik-maaza/|accessdate=2023-11-25|work=World Cultural Council|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2018-06-29|title=iThemba LABS Researcher Wins NSTF Award|url=https://www.nrf.ac.za/media-room/news/ithemba-labs-researcher-wins-nstf-award|work=NRF|accessdate=2023-12-28|archivedate=2018-10-07|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181007123018/http://www.nrf.ac.za/media-room/news/ithemba-labs-researcher-wins-nstf-award}}</ref> natara onyinye Kwame Nkrumah nke African Union na 2018, [1] <ref>{{Cite web|title=African scientists awarded the prestigious Kwame Nkrumah Scientific Excellence Awards by the African Union with the support of the EU {{!}} EEAS|url=https://www.eeas.europa.eu/node/39005_en|accessdate=2023-11-25|work=www.eeas.europa.eu}}</ref> National Science and Technology Forum (NSTF) 's GreenMatter Award na 2018, <ref>{{Cite web|title=IAS » Professor Malik Maaza FIAS received the African Union prize of scientific excellence: "Kwame Nkrumah 2017"|url=https://ebasi.org/Maaza_African%20Union%20Prize_20190222140509/|accessdate=2023-11-25|work=ebasi.org}}</ref> na 8 Nọvemba 2018, ọ natara onyinye José Vasconcelos World Award of Education site na World Cultural Council, <ref>{{Cite web|date=2018-01-31|title=Algerian, South African scientists scoop AU accolades|url=https://sunatimes.com/articles/5020/Algerian-South-African-scientists-scoop-AU-accolades|accessdate=2023-11-25|work=sunatimes.com|language=English}}</ref> International Commission for Optics's Galileo Galilei award na 2019, [4] ọ nwetakwara onyinye UNESCO nke Abdus Salam Spirit na 2022. <ref>{{Cite web|author=|first=|date=2020-04-09|title=A most prolific innovator at Unisa in 2019|url=https://yiba.co.za/a-most-prolific-innovator-at-unisa-in-2019/|accessdate=2023-11-25|work=Yiba|language=en-ZA}}</ref>'afọ 2019, ọ natara Silver Order of Mapungubwe, nsọpụrụ ndị nkịtị nke South Africa nke Onye isi ala South Africa nyere ya. <ref>{{Cite web|title=National honours for outstanding 'Unisans'|url=https://www.timeslive.co.za/sunday-times/business/2019-05-10-national-honours-for-outstanding-unisans/|accessdate=2023-11-25|work=TimesLIVE|language=en-ZA}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=National Order for UCT's Ari Sitas|url=http://www.news.uct.ac.za/article/-2019-04-26-national-order-for-ucts-ari-sitas|accessdate=2023-11-25|work=www.news.uct.ac.za|language=en}}</ref> == Ihe odide == <references /> [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] l74cqz8lge36m6ced4t4c2ruun1ihjn 0 39087 696746 642243 2026-08-03T10:27:03Z Nachi kim 20090 Fixed reference error 696746 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}  '''Emiliana Arango''' ( </link> ; amuru 28 Novemba 2000) bu onye egwuregwu tennis Colombia. <ref>{{Cite web|title=WTA Profile|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/324789/emiliana-arango|author=|first=|date=|work=|archiveurl=|archivedate=|accessdate=}}</ref> O nwere ogo alụlụ dị elu nke ụwa nke 109, enwetara na 20 Nọvemba 2023. Ka ọ dị ugbu a, ọ meriri utu aha otu atọ na ITF Circuit . <ref>{{Cite web|title=ITF Profile|url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/emiliana-arango/800412438/col/wt/s/overview/|author=|first=|date=|work=|archiveurl=|archivedate=|accessdate=}}</ref> N'ịgba ndị otu Colombia Fed Cup, Arango nwere ndekọ mmeri-mfu nke 11–8. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Fed Cup Profile|url=https://www.fedcup.com/en/players/player.aspx?id=800412438|author=|first=|date=|work=|archiveurl=|archivedate=|accessdate=}}</ref> == Obere ọrụ == === Grand Slam arụmọrụ === Ndị na-alụbeghị di * Australian Open: - * French mepere emepe: 2R (2017) * Wimbledon: 1R (2016, 2017) * US meghere: SF (2017) Ugboro abụọ * Australian Open: - * French mepere emepe: 2R (2017) * Wimbledon: QF (2017) * US meghere: QF (2017) Na ITF Junior Circuit, Arango nwere ọkwa dị elu nke ụwa No. 8, nwetara na Jenụwarị 2018. N'ime otu, ọ ruru ọkara ikpeazụ na 2017 Junior US Open . Na okpukpu abụọ, ọ ruru nkeji nkeji abụọ, ma na 2017, na Wimbledon na US Open, n'otu n'otu. Mgbe ọ dị obere, ọ meriri otu atọ na otu ugboro abụọ. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Junior ITF Profile|url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/emiliana-arango/800412438/col/jt/s/overview/|author=|first=|date=|work=|archiveurl=|archivedate=|accessdate=}}</ref> == Ọrụ ọkachamara == Arango mere ya WTA Tour otu mpụta mbụ na 2016 Copa Colsanitas, ebe ọ meriri na agba nke mbụ Irina Falconi, na-emeri naanị otu egwuregwu. Na 2018 Copa Colsanitas, o nwetara mmeri mbụ ya na njem nlegharị anya na mmeri atọ setịpụrụ na mkpụrụ nke anọ Verónica Cepede Royg si Paraguay. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Emiliana Arango ganó su primer partido WTA|date=11 April 2018|url=https://www.elespectador.com/deportes/tenis/emiliana-arango-gano-su-primer-partido-wta-articulo-749543|work=El Espectador|pages=}}</ref> === 2022: Grand Slam mpụta mbụ === Arango banyere asọmpi Grand Slam na nke mbụ na asọmpi ntozu French Open na 2022, ọ zọkwara asọmpi wee tuo ya na iru eru na asọmpi Wimbledon . === 2023: WTA 125 semifinal, WTA 1000 mpụta mbụ, mmeri nke mbụ 30 na nkeji nkeji, kacha 125 === Arango ruru ọkara ikpeazụ na 2023 Copa Oster, na-efunahụ onye mmeri ikpeazụ Nadia Podoroska n'usoro kwụ ọtọ. N'ịbụ onye natara akwụkwọ ịkpọ òkù San Luis Open Challenger, ọ ruru nkeji iri na ise. Arango nwetakwara kaadị egwu maka asọmpi ntozu maka Open Madrid . O ruru eru maka Open Catalonia, na na isi ihe osise, ọ meriri na agba nke abụọ na Jil Teichmann . Arango batara wee tufuo na ntozu na Roland Garros na na ntozu na Wimbledon . Na Open Guadalajara, o meriri mkpụrụ nke iri na otu Anastasia Potapova maka mmeri mbụ ya na WTA 1000 na top-30. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/videos/3690203/arango-upsets-potapova-in-guadalajara-opener-for-first-top-30-win|title=Arango upsets Potapova in Guadalajara opener for first Top 30 win}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3690149/vickery-advances-after-collins-retires-bencic-withdraws|title=Vickery advances after Collins retires; Bencic withdraws}}</ref> Na-esote, o meriri Sloane Stephens n'usoro kwụ ọtọ n'otu awa iji ruo agba nke iri na isii nke asọmpi WTA 1000 maka oge mbụ na mpụta mbụ ya na ọkwa ahụ. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3690613/five-things-to-know-about-colombia-s-emiliana-arango|title=Five things to know about Colombia's Emiliana Arango}}</ref> Na-esote, o meriri Taylor Townsend iru na nkeji iri na ise nke mmemme njem WTA maka oge mbụ. Ọ ghọrọ onye ọkpụkpọ Colombia mbụ mere WTA 1000 quarterfinal kemgbe Fabiola Zuluaga na Berlin 2004. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3690613/five-things-to-know-about-colombia-s-emiliana-arango|title=Five things to know about Colombia's Emiliana Arango}}</ref> N'ihi ya, ọ kwagara ọkwa 60 n'ọkwa 120 kachasị elu na ọkwa otu na 25 Septemba 2023. == Ogologo oge arụmọrụ == {{Performance key}}''Naanị nsonaazụ ihe dị na njem WTA, asọmpi Grand Slam, Billie Jean King Cup, iko United, iko Hopman na egwuregwu Olympic ka etinyere na ndekọ mmeri-nfu.'' <ref>{{Cite web|title=Emiliana Arango [COL] &#124; French Open|url=https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/players/38581-e.arango|accessdate=12 June 2022|work=French Open}}</ref> === Ndị na-alụbeghị di === ''Ugbu a site na 2023 Cluj Open .'' {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" !Tournament !2016 !2017 !2018 !2019 !2020 !2021 !2022 !2023 !2024 !{{Abbr|SR|Strike rate}} !{{Abbr|W–L|Win–loss}} !Win % |- | colspan="13" style="text-align:left" |'''Grand Slam tournaments''' |- | style="text-align:left" |Australian Open |A |A |A |A |A |A |A |A | style="background:#f0f8ff" |Q1 |0 / 0 |0–0 |{{Tennis win percentage|won=0|lost=0|integer=yes}} |- | style="text-align:left" |French Open |A |A |A |A |A |A | style="background:#f0f8ff" |Q1 | style="background:#f0f8ff" |Q2 | |0 / 0 |0–0 |{{Tennis win percentage|won=0|lost=0|integer=yes}} |- | style="text-align:left" |Wimbledon |A |A |A |A |NH |A | style="background:#f0f8ff" |Q1 | style="background:#f0f8ff" |Q3 | |0 / 0 |0–0 |{{Tennis win percentage|won=0|lost=0|integer=yes}} |- | style="text-align:left" |US Open |A |A |A |A |A |A |A | style="background:#f0f8ff" |Q2 | |0 / 0 |0–0 |{{Tennis win percentage|won=0|lost=0|integer=yes}} |- style="background:#efefef;font-weight:bold" | style="text-align:left" |Win–loss |0–0 |0–0 |0–0 |0–0 |0–0 |0–0 |0–0 |0–0 | |0 / 0 |0–0 |{{Tennis win percentage|won=0|lost=0|integer=yes}} |- | colspan="13" style="text-align:left" |'''National representation''' |- | style="text-align:left" |Billie Jean King Cup{{efn|Formerly known as Fed Cup until 2020.|name=BJKP}} | style="background:#ecf2ff" |Z1 |A | style="background:#ecf2ff" |Z1 | style="background:#ecf2ff" |Z1 | colspan="2" style="background:#ecf2ff" |Z1{{Efn|Edition is split into the two years due to COVID-19.|name=BJKC2020_21}} |A | style="background:#ecf2ff" |''PO'' | |0 / 0 |9–6 |{{Tennis win percentage|won=9|lost=6|integer=yes}} |- | colspan="13" style="text-align:left" |'''WTA 1000''' |- | style="text-align:left" |Miami Open |A |A | style="background:#f0f8ff" |Q1 |A | style="color:#767676" |NH |A |A |A | |0 / 0 |0–0 |{{Tennis win percentage|won=0|lost=0|integer=yes}} |- | style="text-align:left" |Madrid Open |A |A |A |A | style="color:#767676" |NH |A |A | style="background:#f0f8ff" |Q2 | |0 / 0 |0–0 |{{Tennis win percentage|won=0|lost=0|integer=yes}} |- | style="text-align:left" |Guadalajara Open | colspan="6" style="color:#767676" |NH |A | style="background:#ffebcd" |QF | |0 / 1 |3–1 |{{Tennis win percentage|won=3|lost=1|integer=yes}} |- style="background:#efefef;font-weight:bold" | style="text-align:left" |Win–loss |0–0 |0–0 |0–0 |0–0 |0–0 |0–0 |0–0 |3–1 | |0 / 1 |3–1 |{{Tennis win percentage|won=3|lost=1|integer=yes}} |- | colspan="13" style="text-align:left" |'''Career statistics''' |- style="background:#efefef" | style="text-align:left" |Tournaments |1 |1 |1 |1 |0{{Efn|During the season, she did not play in the main-draw of any WTA Tour-level tournaments. However, she played at the [[Billie Jean King Cup]], which is not counted as a played tournament but as matches counted.|name=Zero_tournaments}} |1 |0 |4 | | colspan="3" |'''Career total: 9''' |- style="background:#efefef;font-weight:bold" | style="text-align:left" |Titles |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 | | colspan="3" |Career total: 0 |- style="background:#efefef;font-weight:bold" | style="text-align:left" |Finals |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 | | colspan="3" |Career total: 0 |- style="background:#efefef;font-weight:bold" | style="text-align:left" |Overall win–loss |2–2 |0–1 |3–2 |0–4 |2–1 |0–1 |0–0 |11–4 | |0 / 9 |18–15 |{{Tennis win percentage|won=18|lost=15|integer=yes}} |- style="background:#efefef" | style="text-align:left" |Year-end ranking |826 |494 |437 |599 |493 |249 |377 |116 | | colspan="3" |'''$339,246''' |} == Agba ikpeazụ ITF Circuit == === Ndị na-alụbeghị di: 6 (aha 3, ndị na-agba ọsọ 3) === {| | {| class="wikitable" style="font-size:85%" !Akụkọ mgbe ochie |- style="background:lightblue;" | Asọmpi $25,000 (2–2) |- style="background:#f0f8ff;" | Asọmpi $10/15,000 (1–1) |} | {| class="wikitable" style="font-size:85%" ! Agba ikpeazụ site n'elu |- | siri ike (1-1) |- | Ụrọ (2–2) |} |} {| class="sortable wikitable" !Result ! class="unsortable" |W–L !Date !Tournament !Tier !Surface !Opponent ! class="unsortable" |Score |- | style="background:#ffa07a;" |Loss |<small>0–1</small> |Oct 2016 | style="background:#f0f8ff;" |ITF Pereira, Colombia | style="background:#f0f8ff;" |10,000 |Clay |{{flagicon|COL}} [[María Herazo González]] |3–6, 2–6 |- | style="background:#98fb98;" |Win |<small>1–1</small> |Jun 2017 | style="background:#f0f8ff;" |ITF Antalya, Turkey | style="background:#f0f8ff;" |15,000 |Clay |{{flagicon|ISR}} [[Vlada Ekshibarova]] |6–2, 6–3 |- | style="background:#ffa07a;" |Loss |<small>1–2</small> |Aug 2017 | style="background:lightblue;" |ITF Fort Worth, United States | style="background:lightblue;" |25,000 |Hard |{{flagicon|USA}} [[Katerina Stewart]] |4–6, 1–6 |- | bgcolor="98FB98" |Win |<small>2–2</small> |Sep 2021 | bgcolor="lightblue" |Open Medellín, Colombia | bgcolor="lightblue" |25,000 |Clay |{{flagicon|BRA}} [[Laura Pigossi]] |6–0, 6–0 |- | bgcolor="98FB98" |Win |<small>3–2</small> |Oct 2021 | bgcolor="lightblue" |ITF Florence, United States | bgcolor="lightblue" |25,000 |Hard |{{flagicon|CHN}} [[Wang Xiyu]] |6–3, 0–6, 7–6⁽⁰⁾ |- | style="background:#ffa07a;" |Loss |<small>3–3</small> |Mar 2023 | bgcolor="lightblue" |ITF Mosquera, Colombia | bgcolor="lightblue" |25,000 |Clay |{{flagicon|AUT}} [[Sinja Kraus]] |7–6⁽⁴⁾, 6–7⁽⁶⁾, 3–6 |} === Ugboro abụọ: 2 (2 ndị na-agba ọsọ) === {| | {| class="wikitable" style="font-size:85%" !Akụkọ mgbe ochie |- style="background:lightblue;" | Asọmpi $25,000 (0–2) |} | {| class="wikitable" style="font-size:85%" ! Agba ikpeazụ site n'elu |- | Ụrọ (0–2) |} |} {| class="sortable wikitable" !Nsonaazụ ! class="unsortable" | W–L ! Ụbọchị ! Asọmpi ! Ọkwa ! Elu ! Onye mmekọ ! Ndị mmegide ! class="unsortable" | Akara |- | bgcolor="ffa07a" | Ọnwụ | <small>0–1</small> | Ọgọst 2019 | bgcolor="lightblue" | ITF Guayaquil, Ecuador | bgcolor="lightblue" | 25,000 | Ụrọ |</img> [[Katerina Stewart]] |</img>[[Hsu Chieh-yu]]<br /><br /><br /><br /></img>[[Marcela Zacarías]] | 4–6, 2–6 |- | style="background:#ffa07a;" | Ọnwụ | <small>0–2</small> | Ọkt 2019 | bgcolor="lightblue" | ITF Cúcuta, Colombia | bgcolor="lightblue" | 25,000 | Ụrọ |</img> [[Victoria Bosio]] |</img>[[Carolina Alves (tennis)|Carolina Alves]]<br /><br /><br /><br /></img>[[Renata Zarazua]] | 1–6, ret. |} == Ndekọ isi na isi == === Dekọọ megide ndị egwuregwu iri kacha elu === ''Ndekọ Arango megide ndị egwuregwu etinyegoro na 10 kacha elu.'' ''Ndị na-eme egwuregwu nọ na '''ihu nkwuwa okwu''' .'' <ref>{{Cite web|author=|first=|date=|title=Head to Head|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/head-to-head/318425/|accessdate=14 February 2021|work=Wtatennis.com}}</ref> {| class="sortable wikitable nowrap" style="text-align:center" !Onye ọkpụkpọ ! width="60" | Dekọọ ! Mmeri % ! width="60" | siri ike ! width="60" | Ụrọ ! width="60" | Ahịhịa ! Egwuregwu ikpeazụ |- bgcolor="efefef" |- bgcolor="efefef" class="sortbottom" | align="left" | Ọnụọgụ 2 ndị egwu họọrọ | colspan="6" | |- | align="left" | </img> '''Vera Zvonareva''' | 1–0 | bgcolor="lime" | 100% | - | 1–0 | - | align="left" bgcolor="ccffcc" | Ha meriri (6–3, 6–1) na 2023 Catalonia mepere |- bgcolor="efefef" class="sortbottom" | align="left" | Ọnụọgụ 3 ndị egwu họọrọ | colspan="6" | |- | align="left" | </img> '''Sloane Stephens''' | 1–0 | bgcolor="lime" | 100% | 1–0 | - | - | align="left" bgcolor="ccffcc" | Ha meriri (6–1, 6–2) na 2023 Guadalajara Open Akron |- | align="left" | </img> '''Maria Sakkari''' | 0–1 | bgcolor="FFA07A" | 0% | 0–1 | - | - | align="left" bgcolor="ebc2af" | Echefuru 3-6, 4-6 na 2023 Guadalajara Open Akron |- |- class="sortbottom" style="font-weight:bold;background:#efefef" | Mkpokọta | 2–1 | 67% | 1–1<br /><br /><br /><br /><nowiki></br></nowiki> <small>( 50% )</small> | 1–0<br /><br /><br /><br /><nowiki></br></nowiki> <small>( 100% )</small> | -<br /><br /><br /><br /><nowiki></br></nowiki> <small>( - )</small> | Statistics correct as of 22 Septemba 2023 [ mmelite ] . |} == Ihe ndetu == {{Notelist}} . == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * Emiliana Arango at the Women's Tennis Association * Emiliana Arango at the International Tennis Federation * Emiliana Arango at the Billie Jean King Cup {{DEFAULTSORT:Arango, Emiliana}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] mnb99yf6dlpzndt9ylckctomvapjkp5 0 39395 696416 156781 2026-08-02T14:16:59Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 696416 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Jacqueline Makokha''' ma ọ bụ '''Jackline Makokha''' (Traọni 15 Nọvemba 1974) bụ onye bụbu onye egwuregwu e ji Kenya. Ọ bụ egwuregwu nke otu egwuregwu egwuregwu mba ụmụ anụmanụ Kenya . Ọ sonyere na 1994 FIVB Volleyball World Championship . <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://todor66.com/volleyball/World/Women_1994.html|title=Women Volleyball XII World Championship 1994 Sao Paulo (BRA) 17-30.10 Winner Cuba|author=Krastev|first=Todor|accessdate=2017-04-02|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150627000816/http://todor66.com/volleyball/World/Women_1994.html|archivedate=2015-06-27}}</ref> Ọ so ndị otu mba zọọ asọmpi n'oge okpomọkụ nke afọ 2000 na Sydney, Australia, wee gụchara nke iri na otu. == Hụkwa == * Kenya na asọmpi Olimpik Summer 2000 == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == *   * {{Cite web|url=http://board.columbiatribune.com/2004/Oct/20041018Spor001.asp|title=Makokha makes most of time far from home|work=Board.columbiatribune.com|date=2004-10-18|accessdate=2017-02-27|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170228163904/http://board.columbiatribune.com/2004/Oct/20041018Spor001.asp|archivedate=2017-02-28}} * {{Cite web|url=http://www.naia.org/ViewArticle.dbml?ATCLID=205296616|title=Volleyball Players of the Week - NAIA - National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics|publisher=NAIA|date=12 September 2005|accessdate=2017-02-27|archivedate=2017-02-28|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170228150733/http://www.naia.org/ViewArticle.dbml?ATCLID=205296616}} * {{Cite web|url=http://www.amcsportsonline.com/oldSite/volleyball/2003%20vb/2003vbac.htm|title=Volleyball All-Conference-2003|work=Amcsportsonline.com|date=|accessdate=2017-02-27|archivedate=2017-02-28|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170228084652/http://www.amcsportsonline.com/oldSite/volleyball/2003%20vb/2003vbac.htm}} * {{Cite web|url=http://www.iccac.org/oldSite/20022003/vb/2002volleyball_allamericansdiv1.pdf|title=2002 NJCAA VOLLEYBALL ALL-AMERICANS|work=Iccac.org|date=|accessdate=2017-02-27}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 4k4yijhaq9zc4d6toom2106cms3t1ns 10 39825 696607 2023-02-11T21:32:40Z Steel1943 3599 Steel1943 moved page [[Template:For multi]] to [[Template:For-multi]] over redirect: Similar name to long-existing [[Template:Redirect-multi]] 696607 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Template:For-multi]] {{Redirect category shell| {{R from move}} }} pnsne23ry67kaaals7aor8tixgewtkw 696608 696607 2024-02-19T09:46:09Z Paine Ellsworth 4319 add [[WP:RCAT|rcat template]]s 696608 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Template:For-multi]] {{Redirect category shell| {{R from move}} {{R from modification}} {{R from template shortcut}} }} n2k38o7x4ex19usujw4kxvcb1zr3dln 696609 156768 2026-08-03T07:53:33Z King ChristLike 13051 2 revisions imported from [[:en:Template:For_multi]] 156768 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{Hatnote|{{#invoke:Hatnote list|forSee}}}}</includeonly><noinclude> </noinclude> g4ab8ngkc2q7dnfiyqb55hfuqonco69 0 39974 696747 199650 2026-08-03T11:18:03Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 696747 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}  '''Ministri na-ahụ maka njikwa ala, ndị ọrụ nkwado na mbelata ịda ogbenye''' ( Nepali </link> ) bụ ozi gọọmentị nke Nepal na-ahụ maka ọrụ nchịkwa na njikwa ala nke na-eme ka nlekọta na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma na nke ọma na nlekọta na-adịgide adịgide nke ihe onwunwe ala dị na mba ahụ dum. <ref name="website">{{Cite web|title=Ministry of Land Reform and Management|url=http://molrm.gov.np/index.php|publisher=Government of Nepal|accessdate=26 October 2017|archivedate=27 October 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171027074638/http://molrm.gov.np/index.php}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=MINISTRY OF LAND REFORM AND MANAGEMENT (MOLRM)|url=https://broadwayinfosys.com/clients/ministry-of-land-reform-and-management-molrm|publisher=Broadway Infosys Nepal|accessdate=1 April 2018|archivedate=5 April 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180405024309/https://broadwayinfosys.com/clients/ministry-of-land-reform-and-management-molrm}}</ref> Ozi a, nke a na-akpọkwa Ministry of Land Reform and Management, jikọtara ya na Ministry of Co-operatives and Poverty Alleviation iji guzobe Ministry of Agriculture, Land Management and Cooperatives na February 2018, ma e meghere ma tinye aha ya dị ka ozi dị iche na August. 2018 dị ka Ministry of Land Management, Cooperatives and Poverty Alleviation. <ref name="reopen">{{Cite web|title=PM expands Cabinet|url=http://kathmandupost.ekantipur.com/news/2018-08-04/pm-expands-cabinet.html|publisher=The Kathmandu Post|accessdate=3 August 2018}}</ref> == Akụkọ ihe mere eme == E hiwere ozi a na 1964 na ntụzịaka atọ (mgbanwe ala, ndị otu na nyocha cadastral). Otu afọ ka e mesịrị, agbakwunyere ndị nduzi atọ ọzọ na pọtụfoliyo ya (ọrụ ugbo, nri na njikwa ala). Na 1970, Ministri ahụ kewara n'ime Ministry of Food and Agriculture na Ministry of Panchayat, Home and Land Reform. Ministri ahụ nwetara Pọtụfoliyo ikpeazụ nke Land Reform na Management na 1986. [[Gopal Dahit]] nke Nepal Loktantrik Forum n'okpuru Deuba Cabinet jere ozi dị ka onye ozi ikpeazụ nke Ndozigharị Ala na Management ruo mgbe e mebiri ozi ahụ na 2018 wee jikọta ya na Ministry of Agriculture, Land Management and Cooperatives na-esote Oli cabinet, 2018 mkpebi iji belata ọnụ ọgụgụ ahụ. nke ministri na Nepal. <ref>{{Cite web|title=New faces dominate expanded cabinet|url=http://www.myrepublica.com/news/24538/?categoryId=81|publisher=República|accessdate=26 October 2017}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=Cabinet decides to have 17 ministries|url=https://thehimalayantimes.com/kathmandu/cabinet-decides-17-ministries/|publisher=The Himalayan Times|accessdate=23 March 2018|date=24 February 2018}}</ref> N'ihi mgbasawanye nke kabinet, e mepegharịrị Mịnịstrị na-ahụ maka njikwa ala, ndị otu na mbelata ịda ogbenye ebe a gbanwere Pọtụfoliyo metụtara ọrụ ugbo ka ọ bụrụ Ministry of Agricultural and Livestock Development. <ref name="reopen"/> == Nhazi nhazi == Ngalaba anọ jere ozi n'okpuru ozi iji kwado na mejuputa ọrụ ya: <ref name="website"/> * Ngalaba nyocha * Ngalaba nlekọta ala na ebe nchekwa * Ụlọ Ọrụ Ọzụzụ Nlekọta Ala (na Dhulikhel, Kavre ) == Ndị bụbu ndị minista na-ahụ maka mgbanwe na njikwa ala == Nke a bụ ndepụta nke ndị minista niile na-ahụ maka mgbanwe na njikwa ala mgbe ntuli aka Mgbakọ Mgbakọ Nepalese na 2013 : {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; width: 650px; height: 1200px;" |+ ! scope="col" | ! scope="col" |Name ! scope="col" |Party ! scope="col" |Assumed office ! scope="col" |Left office ! scope="col" |Portfolio |- ! scope="row" |1 |Dal Bahadur Rana<ref>{{Cite web|title=Meet the new cabinet of ministers|url=http://www.nepalitimes.com/blogs/thebrief/2014/02/25/meet-the-new-cabinet-of-ministers/|publisher=Nepali Times|accessdate=1 October 2017}}</ref> |Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist–Leninist) |25 February 2014 | | rowspan="4" |Minister of Land Reform and Management |- ! scope="row" |2 |Ram Kumar Subba<ref>{{Cite web|title=Oli takes oath in the name of people|url=https://thehimalayantimes.com/kathmandu/oli-takes-oath-in-the-name-of-people/|publisher=The Himalayan Times|accessdate=1 April 2018|date=12 October 2015}}</ref> |Rastriya Prajatantra Party |12 October 2015 <small>(sworn in without portfolio)</small> <br /><br /> 9 November 2015 <small>(portfolio of Land Reform and Management assigned)</small><ref>{{Cite web|title=3 more DPMs, 4 ministers sworn-in; total Cabinet strength is 26|url=https://thehimalayantimes.com/kathmandu/new-ministers-sworn-in/|publisher=The Himalayan Times|accessdate=1 April 2018|date=5 November 2015}}</ref> | |- ! scope="row" |3 |Bikram Pandey<ref>{{Cite web|title=PM assigns portfolios to RPP ministers|url=https://thehimalayantimes.com/kathmandu/pm-assigns-portfolios-rpp-ministers/|publisher=The Himalayan Times|accessdate=26 October 2017|date=2016-08-11}}</ref> |Rastriya Prajatantra Party |11 August 2016 | |- ! scope="row" |4 |Gopal Dahit<ref>{{Cite web|title=Three ministers from Nepal Democratic Forum sworn in|url=https://thehimalayantimes.com/nepal/pm-inducts-three-ministers-nepal-democratic-forum-cabinet-sworn-in/|publisher=The Himalayan Times|accessdate=28 October 2017|date=2017-05-08}}</ref> |Nepal Loktantrik Forum |8 May 2017 |15 February 2018 |- ! scope="row" | | colspan="2" |Ministry out of operation<ref name="reopen"/> |16 March 2018<ref>{{Cite web|title=PM Oli appoints 15 ministers|url=http://kathmandupost.ekantipur.com/news/2018-03-17/pm-oli-appoints-15-ministers.html|publisher=The Kathmandu Post|accessdate=1 April 2018|date=17 March 2018}}</ref> |3 August 2018 | |- ! scope="row" |5 |Padma Kumari Aryal<ref name="reopen" /> |Nepal Communist Party |3 August 2018 |25 December 2020 |Minister of Land Management, Cooperatives and Poverty Alleviation |- ! scope="row" |6 |Shiva Maya Tumbahamphe<ref name="reopen" /> |Nepal Communist Party |25 December 2020 |4 June 2021 |Minister of Land Management, Cooperatives and Poverty Alleviation |- ! scope="row" |7 |Laxman Lal Karna |Federal Socialist Forum, Nepal |4 June 2021 |22 June 2021 |Minister of Land Management, Cooperatives and Poverty Alleviation |- ! scope="row" |8 |Lila Nath Shrestha |CPN UML |24 June 2021 |12 July 2021 |Minister of Land Management, Cooperatives and Poverty Alleviation |- ! scope="row" |9 |Shashi Shrestha |CPN (Maoist Centre) |8 October 2021 |26 December 2022 |Minister of Land Management, Cooperatives and Poverty Alleviation |- ! scope="row" |10 |Rajendra Kumar Rai |CPN UML |26 December 2022 |27 February 2023 |Minister of Land Management, Cooperatives and Poverty Alleviation |- ! scope="row" |11 |Ranjeeta Shrestha |Nagrik Unmukti Party |31 March 2023 | |Minister of Land Management, Cooperatives and Poverty Alleviation |- |} == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} g18zx94917ioivfhsey1as07mbdh6x3 0 40824 696744 632069 2026-08-03T10:08:14Z Nachi kim 20090 Fixed reference error 696744 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}  '''Enyemaka Danish maka mmezigharị na ọzụzụ nka na ụzụ''' (DAARTT) na 2003 dị ka ọgbakọ na-abụghị nke ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, nke na-anaghị akwụ ụgwọ ọrụ, nke gọọmentị [[Afghanistan]] debara aha ma kwado ya na 14 Jenụwarị 2004. <ref name="Danish Assistance to Afghan Rehabilitation and Technical Training (DAARTT) was established in 2003 as a non-political, non-profit humanitarian organization, registered and approved by Government of Afghanistan on 14th January 2004.">{{Cite web|url=http://www.daartt.org/|title=Home|work=daartt.org|accessdate=2024-04-06|archivedate=2024-04-06|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240406103053/https://daartt.org/}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">. ''daartt.org''.</cite></ref> Ebumnuche bụ isi nke DAARTT bụ ịkwado mkpa nwughari na mmepe na Afghanistan, na-elekwasị anya na ngalaba [[Education|agụmakwụkwọ]] . Ministri agụmakwụkwọ nke Afghanistan na-arụkọ ọrụ ọnụ na DAARTT maka ọrụ na-ewu ụlọ akwụkwọ na nhazigharị. Na mgbakwunye, a chọkwara itinyekwu uche iji kwalite akụrụngwa dị ka mmemme iwulite ikike ndị nkuzi na iwu ebe enyemaka ndị nkuzi n'ụlọ akwụkwọ. <ref name="The main objective of DAARTT is to support the need for reconstruction and development in Afghanistan, with special focus on the educational sector. The Afghan Ministry of Education works closely together with DAARTT for projects on school construction and rehabilitation. In addition, more focus is also required to improve resources such as teacher capacity building programmes and constructing teacher resource centres in schools.">[http://reliefweb.int/node/146362 DACAAR activities turns into new NGO in Afghanistan | ReliefWeb]</ref> Ihe omume DAARTT na-atụkwa anya iji nweta ohere agụmakwụkwọ nha anya maka ụmụaka ma nwoke ma nwanyị, iji mee ka ndị obodo tinye aka n'ọrụ ụlọ na nlekọta na-esote, na ịkpali mmasị n'etiti ndị obodo ka ha na-arụsi ọrụ ike ma nwee mmasị imeziwanye. ọnọdụ agụmakwụkwọ n'ụlọ. <ref name="DAARTT’s programme activities also target to secure equal access to schooling for children of both genders, to get the local community involved in the building activities and the subsequent maintenance, and to arouse interest among the local community so they will be actively involved and interested in improving the education condition at home.">{{Cite web|url=http://www.afghanistan.um.dk/en/menu/Links/DanishActorsInAfghanistan/|title=Danish actors in Afghanistan - Udenrigsministeriets Afghanistan Portal|accessdate=2012-02-19|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081229182938/http://www.afghanistan.um.dk/en/menu/Links/DanishActorsInAfghanistan/|archivedate=2008-12-29}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">. Archived from on 2008-12-29<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2012-02-19</span></span>.</cite></ref> Ruo ugbu a, DAARTT arụwo ụlọ obibi na ụlọ akwụkwọ na mpaghara dị iche iche nke Afghanistan, dị ka Kapisa, Nangarhar, Khogyani na Samangan . == Ihe oru ngo == === Ewu ụlọ ụmụ agbọghọ na Kapisa === Mahadum Albironi bụ mahadum e hiwere ọhụrụ na mpaghara Kapisa na ogige mahadum bụ obere oge ụlọ nke ụlọ ọrụ akwa. Ụfọdụ ngalaba na ụlọ nchịkwa na-arụ ọrụ ugbu a. Agbanyeghị, enwere ụkọ ụlọ maka ụmụ akwụkwọ. Ya mere, n'okpuru arịrịọ nke Ministry of Higher Education, DAARTT ji onyinye nke onwe ya wuo ụlọ obibi nwere ọnụ ụlọ okpukpu abụọ nke nwere akwa 80 na ihe ndị ọhụrụ. A malitere ịrụ ọrụ a n'ezie na 1 Julaị 2008.<ref name="Albironi University is a newly established university in Kapisa province and the university campus is temporary a building of a textile company. Some faculty and administration buildings are currently under construction. However, there is a lack of dormitory for the students. So under the requet of the Ministry of Higher Education, DAARTT used private donations to build a two storey dormitory with 80 single beds and the latest facilities. The actual construction of the project began on 1st July 2008."/> === Mwughari nke Malik Yaar Hotak High School === Ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị Malik Yaar Hotak mere nrụzigharị na mgbasawanye nke ogige ya site na enyemaka DACAAR, DANIDA na DAARTT. DACAAR jiri ego DANIDA wughachiri klaasị itoolu dị ugbu a na 1999. Na 2008, DAARTT kpebiri iwulite klaasị iri ọzọ gụnyere mgbidi oke 520m site n'enyemaka nke onyinye nkeonwe.<ref name="Malik Yaar Hotak High School underwent reconstruction and expansion of its compound with helps from DACAAR, DANIDA and DAARTT. The current nine classrooms were reconstructed by DACAAR with the use of DANIDA fund in 1999. In 2008, DAARTT decided to build ten additional classrooms including a 520m boundary wall with the help of private donations."/> === Ewu nke Karta e Solha Girls High School === DAARTT, n'okpuru arịrịọ nke ndị obodo, kpebiri iwu ụlọ akwụkwọ nwere okpukpu abụọ nke nwere ọnụ ụlọ 12 na-eji ego nkeonwe sitere n'aka ndị na-enye onyinye. Ugbu a, enwere ụmụ akwụkwọ 1200 debara aha na ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ, ndị nkuzi nwanyị 22 na-ejikwa klas iri abụọ na atọ na ụmụ akwụkwọ sitere na 1st Grade ruo 9th. Ka ha na-eche ka e wuo ụlọ ọhụrụ ahụ, ụmụ akwụkwọ ji owuwu ụlọ ọgwụ ochie eme ihe dị ka ebe nwa oge. Ọrụ ihe owuwu ahụ malitere na 22 Julaị 2008.<ref name="DAARTT, under the requests of the local community, decided to construct a two-storeyed school with 12 classrooms using private funds from donors. Currently, there are 1200 students enrolled in the school, and 22 female teachers are handling 23 classes with students from 1st Grade to 9th Grade. While waiting for the new building to be constructed, students used the building of an old health clinic as a temporary site. The actual construction work began on 22nd July 2008."/> Iji meziwanye ma kwe ka nghọta nke otú ihe si arụ ọrụ n'isi ụlọ ọrụ, e nyere ndị ọrụ DAARTT ọzụzụ. N'August 2009, Onye isi ngalaba ego DAARTT Ahmad Fahim Nasir nwere njem na-aga nke ọma na HQ na [[Denmark]] maka ụbọchị 13, yana ogologo nzukọ na mkparịta ụka na ndị ọrụ ụlọ ọrụ DPA.<ref name="To further improve and allow understanding of how things work in the headquarters, trainings were provided to the staff of DAARTT. In August 2009, DAARTT Finance Section Head Ahmad Fahim Nasir had a successful trip to the HQ in Denmark for 13 days, with long meetings and discussions with the DPA board staff."/> == Edensibia == <references> <ref name="Danish Assistance to Afghan Rehabilitation and Technical Training (DAARTT) was established in 2003 as a non-political, non-profit humanitarian organization, registered and approved by Government of Afghanistan on 14th January 2004."/> <ref name="The main objective of DAARTT is to support the need for reconstruction and development in Afghanistan, with special focus on the educational sector. The Afghan Ministry of Education works closely together with DAARTT for projects on school construction and rehabilitation. In addition, more focus is also required to improve resources such as teacher capacity building programmes and constructing teacher resource centres in schools."/> <ref name="DAARTT’s programme activities also target to secure equal access to schooling for children of both genders, to get the local community involved in the building activities and the subsequent maintenance, and to arouse interest among the local community so they will be actively involved and interested in improving the education condition at home."/> <ref name="Albironi University is a newly established university in Kapisa province and the university campus is temporary a building of a textile company. Some faculty and administration buildings are currently under construction. However, there is a lack of dormitory for the students. So under the requet of the Ministry of Higher Education, DAARTT used private donations to build a two storey dormitory with 80 single beds and the latest facilities. The actual construction of the project began on 1st July 2008.">http://www.daartt.org/other%20pages/Update%20of%20do.htm {{Dead link|date=February 2022}}</ref> <ref name="Malik Yaar Hotak High School underwent reconstruction and expansion of its compound with helps from DACAAR, DANIDA and DAARTT. The current nine classrooms were reconstructed by DACAAR with the use of DANIDA fund in 1999. In 2008, DAARTT decided to build ten additional classrooms including a 520m boundary wall with the help of private donations.">http://www.daartt.org/other%20pages/Khogiani.htm {{Dead link|date=February 2022}}</ref> <ref name="DAARTT, under the requests of the local community, decided to construct a two-storeyed school with 12 classrooms using private funds from donors. Currently, there are 1200 students enrolled in the school, and 22 female teachers are handling 23 classes with students from 1st Grade to 9th Grade. While waiting for the new building to be constructed, students used the building of an old health clinic as a temporary site. The actual construction work began on 22nd July 2008.">http://www.daartt.org/other%20pages/Samangan.htm {{Dead link|date=February 2022}}</ref> <ref name="To further improve and allow understanding of how things work in the headquarters, trainings were provided to the staff of DAARTT. In August 2009, DAARTT Finance Section Head Ahmad Fahim Nasir had a successful trip to the HQ in Denmark for 13 days, with long meetings and discussions with the DPA board staff.">http://www.daartt.org/Training.htm {{Dead link|date=February 2022}}</ref> </references> so31ek43d1h032c8w5nv7ncbyiwq3hx 696745 696744 2026-08-03T10:12:28Z Nachi kim 20090 Fixed reference error 696745 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}  '''Enyemaka Danish maka mmezigharị na ọzụzụ nka na ụzụ''' (DAARTT) na 2003 dị ka ọgbakọ na-abụghị nke ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, nke na-anaghị akwụ ụgwọ ọrụ, nke gọọmentị [[Afghanistan]] debara aha ma kwado ya na 14 Jenụwarị 2004. <ref name="Danish Assistance to Afghan Rehabilitation and Technical Training (DAARTT) was established in 2003 as a non-political, non-profit humanitarian organization, registered and approved by Government of Afghanistan on 14th January 2004.">{{Cite web|url=http://www.daartt.org/|title=Home|work=daartt.org|accessdate=2024-04-06|archivedate=2024-04-06|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240406103053/https://daartt.org/}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">. ''daartt.org''.</cite></ref> Ebumnuche bụ isi nke DAARTT bụ ịkwado mkpa nwughari na mmepe na Afghanistan, na-elekwasị anya na ngalaba [[Education|agụmakwụkwọ]] . Ministri agụmakwụkwọ nke Afghanistan na-arụkọ ọrụ ọnụ na DAARTT maka ọrụ na-ewu ụlọ akwụkwọ na nhazigharị. Na mgbakwunye, a chọkwara itinyekwu uche iji kwalite akụrụngwa dị ka mmemme iwulite ikike ndị nkuzi na iwu ebe enyemaka ndị nkuzi n'ụlọ akwụkwọ. <ref name="The main objective of DAARTT is to support the need for reconstruction and development in Afghanistan, with special focus on the educational sector. The Afghan Ministry of Education works closely together with DAARTT for projects on school construction and rehabilitation. In addition, more focus is also required to improve resources such as teacher capacity building programmes and constructing teacher resource centres in schools.">[http://reliefweb.int/node/146362 DACAAR activities turns into new NGO in Afghanistan | ReliefWeb]</ref> Ihe omume DAARTT na-atụkwa anya iji nweta ohere agụmakwụkwọ nha anya maka ụmụaka ma nwoke ma nwanyị, iji mee ka ndị obodo tinye aka n'ọrụ ụlọ na nlekọta na-esote, na ịkpali mmasị n'etiti ndị obodo ka ha na-arụsi ọrụ ike ma nwee mmasị imeziwanye. ọnọdụ agụmakwụkwọ n'ụlọ. <ref name="DAARTT’s programme activities also target to secure equal access to schooling for children of both genders, to get the local community involved in the building activities and the subsequent maintenance, and to arouse interest among the local community so they will be actively involved and interested in improving the education condition at home.">{{Cite web|url=http://www.afghanistan.um.dk/en/menu/Links/DanishActorsInAfghanistan/|title=Danish actors in Afghanistan - Udenrigsministeriets Afghanistan Portal|accessdate=2012-02-19|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081229182938/http://www.afghanistan.um.dk/en/menu/Links/DanishActorsInAfghanistan/|archivedate=2008-12-29}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">. Archived from on 2008-12-29<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2012-02-19</span></span>.</cite></ref> Ruo ugbu a, DAARTT arụwo ụlọ obibi na ụlọ akwụkwọ na mpaghara dị iche iche nke Afghanistan, dị ka Kapisa, Nangarhar, Khogyani na Samangan . == Ihe oru ngo == === Ewu ụlọ ụmụ agbọghọ na Kapisa === Mahadum Albironi bụ mahadum e hiwere ọhụrụ na mpaghara Kapisa na ogige mahadum bụ obere oge ụlọ nke ụlọ ọrụ akwa. Ụfọdụ ngalaba na ụlọ nchịkwa na-arụ ọrụ ugbu a. Agbanyeghị, enwere ụkọ ụlọ maka ụmụ akwụkwọ. Ya mere, n'okpuru arịrịọ nke Ministry of Higher Education, DAARTT ji onyinye nke onwe ya wuo ụlọ obibi nwere ọnụ ụlọ okpukpu abụọ nke nwere akwa 80 na ihe ndị ọhụrụ. A malitere ịrụ ọrụ a n'ezie na 1 Julaị 2008.<ref name="Albironi University is a newly established university in Kapisa province and the university campus is temporary a building of a textile company. Some faculty and administration buildings are currently under construction. However, there is a lack of dormitory for the students. So under the requet of the Ministry of Higher Education, DAARTT used private donations to build a two storey dormitory with 80 single beds and the latest facilities. The actual construction of the project began on 1st July 2008."/> === Mwughari nke Malik Yaar Hotak High School === Ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị Malik Yaar Hotak mere nrụzigharị na mgbasawanye nke ogige ya site na enyemaka DACAAR, DANIDA na DAARTT. DACAAR jiri ego DANIDA wughachiri klaasị itoolu dị ugbu a na 1999. Na 2008, DAARTT kpebiri iwulite klaasị iri ọzọ gụnyere mgbidi oke 520m site n'enyemaka nke onyinye nkeonwe.<ref name="Malik Yaar Hotak High School underwent reconstruction and expansion of its compound with helps from DACAAR, DANIDA and DAARTT. The current nine classrooms were reconstructed by DACAAR with the use of DANIDA fund in 1999. In 2008, DAARTT decided to build ten additional classrooms including a 520m boundary wall with the help of private donations."/> === Ewu nke Karta e Solha Girls High School === DAARTT, n'okpuru arịrịọ nke ndị obodo, kpebiri iwu ụlọ akwụkwọ nwere okpukpu abụọ nke nwere ọnụ ụlọ 12 na-eji ego nkeonwe sitere n'aka ndị na-enye onyinye. Ugbu a, enwere ụmụ akwụkwọ 1200 debara aha na ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ, ndị nkuzi nwanyị 22 na-ejikwa klas iri abụọ na atọ na ụmụ akwụkwọ sitere na 1st Grade ruo 9th. Ka ha na-eche ka e wuo ụlọ ọhụrụ ahụ, ụmụ akwụkwọ ji owuwu ụlọ ọgwụ ochie eme ihe dị ka ebe nwa oge. Ọrụ ihe owuwu ahụ malitere na 22 Julaị 2008.<ref name="DAARTT, under the requests of the local community, decided to construct a two-storeyed school with 12 classrooms using private funds from donors. Currently, there are 1200 students enrolled in the school, and 22 female teachers are handling 23 classes with students from 1st Grade to 9th Grade. While waiting for the new building to be constructed, students used the building of an old health clinic as a temporary site. The actual construction work began on 22nd July 2008."/> Iji meziwanye ma kwe ka nghọta nke otú ihe si arụ ọrụ n'isi ụlọ ọrụ, e nyere ndị ọrụ DAARTT ọzụzụ. N'August 2009, Onye isi ngalaba ego DAARTT Ahmad Fahim Nasir nwere njem na-aga nke ọma na HQ na [[Denmark]] maka ụbọchị 13, yana ogologo nzukọ na mkparịta ụka na ndị ọrụ ụlọ ọrụ DPA.<ref name="To further improve and allow understanding of how things work in the headquarters, trainings were provided to the staff of DAARTT. In August 2009, DAARTT Finance Section Head Ahmad Fahim Nasir had a successful trip to the HQ in Denmark for 13 days, with long meetings and discussions with the DPA board staff."/> == Edensibia == <references> <ref name="Albironi University is a newly established university in Kapisa province and the university campus is temporary a building of a textile company. Some faculty and administration buildings are currently under construction. However, there is a lack of dormitory for the students. So under the requet of the Ministry of Higher Education, DAARTT used private donations to build a two storey dormitory with 80 single beds and the latest facilities. The actual construction of the project began on 1st July 2008.">http://www.daartt.org/other%20pages/Update%20of%20do.htm {{Dead link|date=February 2022}}</ref> <ref name="Malik Yaar Hotak High School underwent reconstruction and expansion of its compound with helps from DACAAR, DANIDA and DAARTT. The current nine classrooms were reconstructed by DACAAR with the use of DANIDA fund in 1999. In 2008, DAARTT decided to build ten additional classrooms including a 520m boundary wall with the help of private donations.">http://www.daartt.org/other%20pages/Khogiani.htm {{Dead link|date=February 2022}}</ref> <ref name="DAARTT, under the requests of the local community, decided to construct a two-storeyed school with 12 classrooms using private funds from donors. Currently, there are 1200 students enrolled in the school, and 22 female teachers are handling 23 classes with students from 1st Grade to 9th Grade. While waiting for the new building to be constructed, students used the building of an old health clinic as a temporary site. The actual construction work began on 22nd July 2008.">http://www.daartt.org/other%20pages/Samangan.htm {{Dead link|date=February 2022}}</ref> <ref name="To further improve and allow understanding of how things work in the headquarters, trainings were provided to the staff of DAARTT. In August 2009, DAARTT Finance Section Head Ahmad Fahim Nasir had a successful trip to the HQ in Denmark for 13 days, with long meetings and discussions with the DPA board staff.">http://www.daartt.org/Training.htm {{Dead link|date=February 2022}}</ref> </references> cd5jma72z8ybux1t29s6uez4hre3bku 0 44601 696741 674418 2026-08-03T09:40:36Z Nachi kim 20090 Fixed reference error 696741 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Eric Gyamfi''' (amụrụ n'afọ 1990) <ref name="olymcollection"/> bụ onye Ghana na-ese foto, bi na Accra, onye rụrụ ọrụ gbasara ndụ nwoke na nwanyị n'ebe ahụ.<ref>{{Cite web|accessdate=2023-04-15|title=Aperture 227|url=https://aperture.org/magazine/aperture-227/|work=[[Aperture (magazine)|Aperture]]}}</ref> E gosipụtara ọrụ ya na ihe ngosi onwe ónyé ọtú nke ọbọdọ na mpaghara okpomọkụ ọdịda na Nubuke Foundation na Accra na Goethe-Institut na Johannesburg.<ref name="goethe">{{Cite web |accessdate=2023-04-15 |title=Exhibition: "Just Like Us: Constellations" by Eric Gyamfi - Goethe-Institut South Africa |url=https://www.goethe.de/ins/za/en/ver.cfm?event_id=21067340&fuseaction=events.detail |work=Goethe-Institut }}</ref><ref name="timeout">{{Cite web|accessdate=2023-04-15|title=Exhibition: See me, see you by Eric Gyamfi - Art in Accra|url=https://www.timeout.com/accra/art/exhibition-see-me-see-you-by-eric-gyamfi|work=Time Out Accra}}</ref> N'afọ 2019, ọ meriri Foam Paul Huf Award.<ref name="bjp">{{Cite web|first=Diane|author=Smyth|accessdate=2023-04-14|title=Eric Gyamfi wins the Foam Paul Huf Award|url=https://www.1854.photography/2019/03/gyamfi-paul-huf/|work=British Journal of Photography}}</ref> A mụrụ Gyamfi na Bekwai, Ghana . <ref name="olymcollection">{{Cite web|accessdate=2023-04-14|title=Eric Gyamfi - Biography|url=https://www.olymcollection.art/artists/37-eric-gyamfi/biography/|work=Olym Collection}}</ref> O nwere BA na ọmụmụ ozi na akụ na ụba site na Mahadum Ghana (2010-2014). Kemgbe ahụ na-erizi mmụta sayensị nnyocha nke ọbọdọ afọ 2018, ọ na-amụ maka MFA na Ngalaba Na-ese Ihe na Ihe Ọkpụkpụ, Mahadum Sayensị na Teknụzụ Kwame Nkrumah, Kumasi . <ref name="bjp"/> == Ndụ na ọrụ == Usoro Just Like Us na-edekọ ndị mmadụ na obodo dị iche iche na Ghana."igosi na ndị na-eme ihe ike dị iche iche dị nakwa na ha dị ka ntọala na mpaghara okpomọkụ ọdịda anyanwụ n'ala nke ekwere Afrịka onye ọ bụla ọzọ". Na Ghana, a na-akpa ókè megide ndị na-eme ihe ọ bụla, omume Mmekọahụ nwoke na nwanyị bụ iwu na-akwadoghị. Emere ya na oji na ọcha, foto ndị ahụ dị ka Ekow Eshun kọwara na ''The Guardian'', bụ ihe na-echetara ndụ kwa ụbọchị, nke akpọrọ Ama na Shana na nri ehihie; Kwasi na osimiri Kokrobite; Atsu n'oge ịgba egwú; Kwasi n'àkwà. Mgbe a na-ewere queerness dị ka ihe megidere nke ọma, azịza, na-atụ aro Gyamfi, bụ ịmanye na ndị mmadụ na-edepụta ma na-ekwupụta ha dị ka ndị dị mgbagwoju anya dịka onye ọ bụla ọzọ. "<ref name="nytimes"/><ref>{{Cite news|first=Ekow|author=Eshun|accessdate=2023-04-14|title=‘A queer person can be anybody': the African photographers exploring identity|url=https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2020/mar/15/africa-state-of-mind-extract-ekow-eshun|work=The Guardian|date=15 March 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|accessdate=2023-04-14|title=Memories and beauty captured in Africa|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-42620666|work=BBC News|date=17 January 2018}}</ref> Usoro foto onwe onye, Asylum, na-enyocha mmekọahụ nwoke Africa na ndabere nke okpukpe na ọdịnala.<ref>{{Cite news|accessdate=2023-04-14|title=In pictures: Lagos photo festival on African identity|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-37768022|work=BBC News|date=2 November 2016}}</ref> == Ihe ngosi == * See Me See You, Nubuke Foundation, Accra, 2016/17<ref name="timeout" /> * Gyamfi Just Like Us: Constellations, Goethe-Institut, Johannesburg, 2017/18 <ref name="goethe"/> === Ihe ngosi ìgwè === * ''"Gịnị ka ị na-ele anya? Ònye ka ị na ya na-ekwu okwu?"'', Spazju Kreakut, Valletta, Malta, 2023<ref>{{Cite web|accessdate=2023-04-15|title=Artists from Africa and her Diaspora|url=https://artpaper.press/news/artists-from-africa-and-her-diaspora/|date=5 January 2023}}</ref> == Onyinye == * 2016: Onyinye ego mberede nke Magnum Foundation, Magnum Foto maka See You See Me<ref name="nytimes">{{Cite web|first=Jake|author=Naughton|accessdate=2023-04-14|title=Photos That Celebrate Ghana's L.G.B.T. Community|url=https://archive.nytimes.com/lens.blogs.nytimes.com/2017/04/04/photos-celebrate-ghana-lgbt-community/|date=4 April 2017|work=The New York Times}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|accessdate=2023-04-14|title=Time Exclusive: Magnum Emergency Fund Announces 2016 Grantees|url=https://time.com/4268020/magnum-emergency-fund-2016/|work=Time|archivedate=2016-11-07|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161107214459/http://time.com/4268020/magnum-emergency-fund-2016/}}</ref> * 2019: Foam Paul Huf Award site na Foam Fotografiemuseum Amsterdam, onyinye £ 20,000, maka ọrụ ya niile ruo ugbu a, gụnyere Fixing Shadows; Julius na m <ref name="bjp"/> == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Gyamfi, Eric}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] sh6fsqxehxq9abyab5xbp72fe93s3fh 0 46039 696465 578062 2026-08-03T07:35:25Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 696465 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}  '''Mark Beachum''' bụ onye America na-ese akwụkwọ na-atọ ọchị, <ref>{{Cite web|title=Mark Beachum|url=https://www.lambiek.net/artists/b/beachum_mark.htm|accessdate=2022-03-15|work=lambiek.net|language=en}}</ref> onye edemede, onye na-ese ihe, onye na'ebipụta akwụkwọ, onye na na-ese foto na onye na-eme ihe nkiri a maara maka nsụgharị nke nwanyị ahụ. <ref name=":4">{{Cite web|date=2011-04-29|title=Mark Beachum : Wizard World Comic Cons : ANAHEIM COMIC CON APRIL 29-30- MAY 1, 2011 FRI-SAT-SUN Anaheim Convention Center|url=http://www.wizardworld.com/markbeachum.html|accessdate=2022-03-16|work=|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110429200135/http://www.wizardworld.com/markbeachum.html|archivedate=29 April 2011}}</ref> Ebe ọ rụrụ ọrụ maka Marvel, DC, na Continuity, n'etiti ndị ọzọ, ọrụ ya kachasị ama gụnyere ọrụ na Web of Spiderman, ''Samuree'', ''Vampirella'', ''Penthouse Comix'', ''Razmataz'', ''Alienzkin'' na Supergurlz.   Beachum ekwuputala mgbe niile na ndị dike bụ okwu na-akpali agụụ mmekọahụ, nakwa na ọ nweghị mmasị ide / ise ihe maka ụmụaka.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=Interview for BACK ISSUE issue #94 – mNem0sys|url=https://mnem0sys.synthetikxs.com/2018/07/06/interview-for-back-issue_issue-94/|accessdate=2022-03-14|work=mnem0sys.synthetikxs.com}}</ref> A maara Beachum maka igosi ụmụ nwoke ma ọ bụ ụmụ nwanyị n'ụzọ na-akpali agụụ mmekọahụ. Na New Talent Showcase, a na-ekwu na Frank Frazetta, Hal Foster, Trevor Von Eeden, [[Michael Jackson]], Neal Adams, na Alex Toth nwere mmetụta na Mark.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|author=Berger|first=Karen|title=New Talent Showcase|publisher=DC Comics|location=New York, NY|pages=25}}</ref> A makwaara ya na ụlọ ọrụ ahụ maka nkà ihe ọmụma ọrụ ya na-enweghị usoro, dịka [[Christopher Priest (ihe nkiri)|Christopher Priest]] kwuru.<ref name=":5">{{Cite web|title=PRIEST: True genius...|url=https://groups.google.com/g/rec.arts.comics.dc.universe/c/M_C42yIahpY/m/5WEe-sezvggJ|accessdate=2022-03-15|work=groups.google.com}}</ref>   == Oge ọ malitere == A mụrụ Mark Beachum na New York City. Ọ hapụrụ ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị nke nka na imepụta ihe <ref name=":0" /> wee gaa n'ihu na mmepe nka ya dị ka onye na-amụta onwe ya. <ref name=":1" /> Ọ rụrụ ọrụ na klọb jazz Soundscape ka ọ na-abanye n'ụlọ ọrụ na-atọ ọchị.<ref name=":0" /> == Ọrụ == === DC === N'afọ 1981, ọ bịara DC Comics wee gosi onye nduzi nka n'oge ahụ bụ Dick Giordano, obere oge mgbe e nyere ya ọrụ ise akụkọ Batgirl nke a na-ebipụtaghị. Otú ọ dị, na 1984 e nwere akụkọ Jenesis na New Talent Showcase, na-ede akụkọ Wonder Woman na nkwado Huntress na Wonder Woman. <ref name=":0" /> === Ihe ịtụnanya === Beachum mepụtara ọtụtụ mkpuchi maka The Spectacular Spider-Man na Web of Spider-Man site na ngwụcha afọ 80. Ya na Peter David na Marvel, o mepụtara onye iro Spider-Man bụ Ace, onye na-eme n'okporo ámá, nke, n'adịghị ka akụkọ dị iche iche, adabereghị na onye egwu Prince ma ọ bụ [[Michael Jackson]]; Ace bụ, n'ezie, e mere ka ọ bụrụ Beachum n'onwe ya.<ref name=":5" />   === Akụkọ na-atọ ọchị === Site na ngwụcha afọ 80 ruo mmalite afọ 90 Beachum na-arụ ọrụ na Neal Adams na Continuity Comics ebe ọ na-eme ma ihe ọchị ma ọrụ mgbasa ozi azụmahịa. Ọ ghọrọ onye a ma ama maka ise akụkọ Samuree mgbe ọ nọ ebe ahụ; n'otu oge ahụ, ọ rụkwara ọrụ na bọọdụ akụkọ azụmahịa Michael Jackson Pepsi na animatics.<ref>{{Cite web|title=CollectedEditions.com-Strange Daze: All Kinds of Comix Craziness|url=https://www.tapatalk.com/groups/marvelmasterworksfansite/strange-daze-all-kinds-of-comix-craziness-t29009-s300.html|accessdate=2022-03-15|work=CollectedEditions.com|language=en-us}}</ref> Mark ji obi ụtọ kọọ ma na-ele oge ọ nọrọ gburugburu Neal Adams na Continuity Publishing anya, dị ka ebe ụdị ihe okike niile jikọtara na ebe ọ chọrọ ịbụ.<ref name=":1" /> Peter Stone, onye nchịkọta akụkọ na onye edemede na Continuity na-akọwa ike Beachum na studio: <ref>{{Cite web|title=Facebook|url=https://www.facebook.com/photo/?fbid=10221441725384675&set=gm.543095233234537|accessdate=2022-03-16|work=www.facebook.com}}</ref> === Aja Blu === N'afọ 1990, Mark Beachum jikọtara aka mepụta akara aha onwe ya Aja Blu Comix tinyere onye na-eme ihe ọchị n'ụwa Sandra Chang, onye ọ bụ ezie na ọ bụ onye mbido, so na ndị mbụ bipụtara onwe ha na ndị na-emepụta ihe ọchị nke ụmụ nwanyị Asia-America na n'ezie otu n'ime ụmụ nwanyị mbụ na mpaghara ihe ọchị na-akpali agụụ mmekọahụ.Ha abụọ mere ihe niile achọrọ: dee, dezie, dee, dee, mepụta, bipụta... iji bipụta akwụkwọ Achilles Storm / Razmataz. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Who's Who bio|url=http://www.bailsprojects.com/bio.aspx?Name=BEACHUM,+MARK|accessdate=2022-03-15|work=www.bailsprojects.com}}</ref> === Penthouse === N'oge ọ dị, Penthouse Comix nwere ọnụego ịkwụ ụgwọ kachasị elu maka ndị na-eme ihe ọchị ma na-etu ọnụ n'aka ịhọrọ ndị na-ese ihe kachasị mma <ref>{{Cite web|date=2008-06-24|title=Penthouse Comix|url=https://comicsando.wordpress.com/2008/06/24/penthouse-comix/|accessdate=2022-03-15|work=COMICSANDO comic art blog|language=it-IT}}</ref> na n'etiti afọ 90 Beachum sere akụkọ ọdịnihu Backlash nke Tom Thornton dere maka ha. Mgbe ahụ, o bipụtara akwụkwọ nka ya ''FemmErotiSexiVision'' na magazin ahụ yana akụkọ abụọ ''Nightclaw'' na ''Latex Diva'', nke pụtara na mbipụta ndị ọzọ nke Penthouse Comix. Beachum sere akụkọ ndị ahụ nakwa dere ha. === Ndị ọzọ === Na mbido afọ 90, Beachum na Horatio Weisfeld nwere enyi ma mee ihe osise maka akwụkwọ Bullet Comics ya ''Radrex'' na ''BIO 90''. N'afọ 1994, o gosipụtara akụkọ ''Syphons'' nke Allen Curtis dere. E bipụtara ya na agba dị ka obere usoro atọ site na NOW Comics, afọ iri ka e mesịrị na 2004 ka Image Comics bipụtara ya ọzọ dị ka akwụkwọ akụkọ ojii na ọcha. N'oge ọ na-arụ ọrụ maka Continuity na Penthouse, ọ malitere itinye ihe osise zuru oke wee wepụ mkpa maka inker ma ọ bụ onye na-acha. A ga-emepụta nka ahụ site na iji mmiri, acrylics, graphite, ink, akara ma ọ bụ ngwakọta ọ bụla dị mkpa iji nweta mmetụta achọrọ. Na mbido afọ 2000 mgbe ''Alienzkin'' GN pụtara, e nwere ọdịdị ọhụrụ na ọrụ Beachum, ọ malitere iji CG gbakwunye akụkụ ọzọ na nka ya. Beachum mepụtara ihe odide mbụ maka akwụkwọ ya ''Razmataz'' na ''Alienzkin'' ma soro ndị ọzọ kerịta echiche ya banyere mbipụta onwe ya. Hart D. Fisher kwuru na Beachum bụ ihe kpaliri ya ịhapụ onwe ya ma mepụta ụlọ ọrụ nke ya, Boneyard Press, mgbe Beachum gwara ya: "Gịnị mere ị ga-eji jiri ike nka gị niile mee ihe onye ọzọ nwere?" <ref>{{Cite web|date=2008-11-12|title=Hart Fisher Tells Us Crazy Stories: In The Beginning|url=http://www.optimumwound.com/hart-fisher-tells-us-crazy-stories-in-the-beginning.htm|accessdate=2022-03-15|work=Optimum Wound|language=en-US}}</ref> === Ndị Na-anakọta Ihe osise === Mark Beachum mepụtara akara ngosi maka magazin Sizzle nke NBM Publishing. Sizzle bụ ebe mbụ e bipụtara akụkọ ''Alienzkin'' ya n'ime mbipụta atọ na 1999 (na mbụ a ga-akpọ ya Razor Burn). NBM nọ na-akwaga ebe ọhụrụ, mgbe ha kwagara ha chọpụtara na ihe osise mbụ maka akụkọ ''Alienzkin'' furu efu.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|title=Unfinished Beauty by Mark Beachum, in Michael Bair's Mark Beachum Comic Art Gallery Room|url=https://www.comicartfans.com/gallerypiece.asp?piece=68520|accessdate=2022-03-15|work=www.comicartfans.com|language=en}}</ref> Onye ibe ya na-eme ihe ọchị Michael Bair na-anakọta ihe osise Beachum ma gwa ya na Anubis Press ga-akwụ ya ụgwọ na ihe osise Mark Beachum.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Savage Tales # 6 pg.2 [inside front cover] by Mark Beachum, in Michael Bair's Mark Beachum Comic Art Gallery Room|url=https://www.comicartfans.com/gallerypiece.asp?piece=84636|accessdate=2022-03-15|work=www.comicartfans.com|language=en}}</ref> Beachum na Bair arụkọwo ọtụtụ ọrụ ọnụ; ebe a kọrọ na ha nwere ibu iro n'etiti ha.<ref name=":2" /><ref>{{Cite web|title=Satana-unused pinup by Mark Beachum, in Michael Bair's Mark Beachum Comic Art Gallery Room|url=https://www.comicartfans.com/gallerypiece.asp?piece=85643|accessdate=2022-03-15|work=www.comicartfans.com|language=en}}</ref> === Vampirella === Beachum mepụtara ọrụ Vampirella na mkpuchi n'oge Harris, ụfọdụ n'ime nka ahụ nwere ihe osise na foto mixed media art. N'afọ 2019, a bịakwutere ya ka o mee mkpuchi Vampirella dị iche iche maka ọnwa Black History na-abịanụ nke a ga-egosipụta Vampirella dịka onye ojii, [[Christopher Priest (ihe nkiri)|Christopher Priest]] na Matt Idelson na-etinye echiche ahụ ọnụ. Nke a bụ ihe Beachum kwuru banyere akụkọ ihe mere eme ya na onye ahụ: <ref>{{Cite web|title=Christopher Priest Celebrates Black History Month with Vampirella Variants|url=http://www.previewsworld.com/Article/237614-Christopher-Priest-Celebrates-Black-History-Month-with-Vampirella-Variants|accessdate=2022-03-15|work=www.previewsworld.com|language=en|archivedate=2019-11-27|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20191127181406/https://previewsworld.com/Article/237614-Christopher-Priest-Celebrates-Black-History-Month-with-Vampirella-Variants}}</ref> === Foto na ime ihe nkiri === N'oge ụfọdụ n'afọ ndị 90 Beachum malitere ijide foto maka ihe osise na itinye ya na ihe okike mgbasa ozi ya.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|title=Vampirella Ephemera - Photographs and Slides|url=http://vampilore.co.uk/sandbox/ephemera/photographs-and-slides.php|accessdate=2022-03-15|work=vampilore.co.uk}}</ref> Ọ ga-agba Ihe nkiri ma nwee ndị na-ese onyinyo dị ka ihe odide maka ya tupu ọ ghọọ ihe a ma ama. N'afọ 1996, ya na onye na-ese ihe Kristina Marie a.k.a. Glitterfist, Beachum wepụtara foto ndị na-acha oji na ọcha na-akpali agụụ mmekọahụ a na-akpọ ''FemmErotiSexiVision'' n'okpuru akara nke ya Elektrik Ladyland (na-egwu na Electric Ladyland album nke Jimi Hendrix), Beachum dere ndị ahụ dị ka "Diamond". N'otu afọ ahụ, ọzọ ya na Kristina Marie, Beachum na-ekere òkè na vidiyo egwu maka egwu "Boom N' Bust" nke onye na-eme ihe nkiri Japan bụ Masatoshi Nagase, onye na-arụ ọrụ iji kwalite ọrụ egwu ya. Ọ bụ Hal Hartley duziri vidiyo ahụ. Na vidiyo ahụ, Beachum nwere ntutu na-acha anụnụ anụnụ, Kristina Marie na-eyi uwe PVC nke Beachum mepụtara, nke onye na-emepụta [[Madonna]] mere.<ref>{{Cite web|title=boom-n-bust – mNem0sys|url=https://mnem0sys.synthetikxs.com/2017/05/14/boom-n-bust/|accessdate=2022-03-15|work=mnem0sys.synthetikxs.com}}</ref> N'etiti afọ 2000, Beachum malitere itinye aka na mmepụta ihe nkiri. O gosipụtara ụfọdụ ọrụ ihe nkiri ya na ebe nrụọrụ weebụ ya, nke yiri ka ọ dị n'etiti neo-noir na ụlọ nka nke yiri ka Helmut Newton, Bob Carlos Clark, David Lynch, Shinya Tsukamoto kpaliri. <ref name=":4" /> <ref>{{Cite web|title=Original Erotic Art {{!}} Mark Beachum|url=http://femmenoir.polygazm.com/|accessdate=2022-03-15|work=FEMMENOIR EROTIX|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=flare : gothikdiva – mNem0sys|url=https://mnem0sys.synthetikxs.com/2017/12/11/flare-gothikdiva/|accessdate=2022-03-15|work=mnem0sys.synthetikxs.com}}</ref> N'afọ 2011, a kpọrọ Beachum ka ọ duzie ihe nkiri dị mkpirikpi nke dabeere na Heroic Publishing's superheroine Flare. Heroic Publishing mere mkpọsa na-aga nke ọma iji kwado ihe nkiri ahụ. == Akwụkwọ == === DC === * Nwanyị Mara Mma #310, 314-318 (1983-84) * New Talent Showcase #8-10 (1984) * Akụkọ na-akpali akpali #7 (1984) * ''Ụlọ Ihe Omimi nke Elvira'' #4-6 (1986) * ''Ndị si n'èzí'' #12 (Halo, Looker) (1986) * ''Ònye bụ Ònye: Mmelite '87'' #3 (1987) * Young All-Stars #12 (1988) * Akụkọ nke Ndị Ntorobịa #90 (1988) * Comet #7 (Impact Comics, 1992) * ''Jaguar'' #7-8, 10-11 (Impact Comics, 1992) * Ray # 1 (1992) * ''Green Lantern: Mosaic'' #9 (1993) * ''Penthouse Comix'' #4-11 (Backlash) (1994-1996) * Penthouse Comix #12 (Cover, Nigh''Penthouse Comix'') * ''Penthouse Comix #32'' (Latex Diva) (1998) === Hero Comics/Heroic Publishing === * Flare #1-7, 43-44, 47-48 (1988-2019) * Flare Mbipụta Mbụ #1-4 (1991-1993) * ''Rose'' #1-3 (1992-93) * Akwụkwọ Ahịa Ọchịchị #1-2 (2007) * Liberty Comics #2 (2007) * Flare kwa afọ #2 (2009) * ''Abụ'' nke 5 (2011) * Flare Adventures #8-9, 31 (2012) * ''Agụ owuru'' #7 (2016) * G-Girl #2, 5, 7 (2017-2022) === Mbipụta Onwe Onye === * ''Synthetik XS v1'' (2009) * ''Supergurlz: Na Nsogbu v1'' (2011) * ''Razorgurlz'' (2014) * Syllabus Erotique [module 1] (2017) * Black Diamond #1 (AC, 1983) * ''Ninja'' #1 Special (Eternity Comics, 1987) * Egwú # 1 (Blackthorne Publishing, 1987) * Delirium #1 (Metro Comics, 1987) * ''Halo Jones'' #8-9 (Quality Comics, 1987) * Ndị bụbu Mutants: The Shattered Earth Chronicles #8 (Eternity Comics, 1987) * The A1 True Life Bikini Confidential #1 (Atomeka Press, 1990) * ''Radrex'' #1-3 (Bullet Comics, 1990) * ''Green Hornet'' #24 (NOW Comics, 1991) * ''Raw Media Mags'' #1 (Rebel Studios, 1991) * ''BIO 90'' #1 (Bullet Comics, 1992) * The Choke #1 LE (Anubis Press, 1992) * Black Dominion #2 (Anubis Press, 1993) * WildC A.T.s Trilogy #3 (Image Comics, 1993) # 3 (Ihe osise Comics, 1993) * ''Syphons Preview Edition'' (NOW Comics, 1994) * ''Syphons'' #1-3 (NOW Comics, 1994) * ''Hustler Comix vol.2'' #1 (Web of the Black Tarantula story) (LFP Inc., 1998) * ''Stain'' #1 (Robot Print) (Fathom Press, 1998) * Mpaghara A machibidoro Iwu # 1 (Galaxy Publishing, 1999) * ''Sizzle'' #3-5 (Alienzkin) (NBM Publishing, 1999) * Faust: Singha's Talons #0.5, 1 (Avatar Press, 2000) * Alter Ego #9 (TwoMorrows Publishing, 2001) * ''Syphons GN'' (Image Comics, 2004) * Agent Wild Union Fall #1 (Dork Empire, 2020) === Akara === * ''Ike nke Mmadụ'' (BlackThorne Publishing, 1986) * Midnight Silk na Rick Bryant (S.Q. Productions, 1987) * ''Femmerotisexivision'': ihe osise na-akpali agụụ mmekọahụ nke Mark Beachum (Elektrik Ladyland, 1996) == Edensibia == [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] l2o8mnhc96xyg5vkle2638g9omzsmnm 0 46207 696438 213390 2026-08-02T22:06:57Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 696438 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|}} Khadija Mohammadou Saye (30 Julaị 1992 – 14 June 2017), dị ka Ya-Haddy Sisi Saye, [1] bụ onye na-ese foto Gambian -British.  [2] [3] Foto ya ndị ndọrọ ndọrọ Gambian-British ma ihe ya na Pavilion Diaspora na Venice Biennale na 2017. Saye nwụrụ n'ọkụ Grenfell Tower . == Ndụ na ọrụ == A egwuregwu Saye na London wee gaa na mbụ Sion Manning Roman Catholic Girls'slọ akwụkwọ na North Kensington .  [1] Mgbe ọ dị afọ 16, ọ akara akwụkwọ na Rugby School na Rugby, England.  [2] Mgbe e ihu, ọ gara Mahadum maka Creative Arts na Farnham wee pịa akara ugo ike foto.  [3] [4] Ya na nne ya, Mary Ajaoi Augustus Mendy, bi na 20th floor nke Grenfell Tower na North Kensington.  [5] [2] Onye na-ese ihe Nicola Green na-eduzi ya wee bụrụ enyi na di Green, Tottenham MP David Lammy . <ref name="bjp-smyth">{{Cite web|url=http://www.bjp-online.com/2017/06/obituary-khadija-saye-grenfell-tower/|date=20 June 2017|accessdate=21 June 2017|first=Diane|author=Smyth|title=Obituary: Khadija Saye, fast-rising artist killed tragically young in Grenfell Tower}}</ref> <ref name="HP_Lammy">{{Cite news|author=Sommers|first=Jack|title=David Lammy Fights Back Tears Describing Khadija Saye, Who Died In Grenfell Tower Fire|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/entry/grenfell-tower-fire-david-lammy_uk_594421b3e4b0f15cd5bb23d5|accessdate=19 June 2017|work=[[The Huffington Post]]|date=16 June 2017}}</ref> Foto Saye ndụra Gambian -British.  [1] Usoro foto ya nke isiokwu ya bụ Ebe obibi: na oghere a anyị na-eku ume, dabere na omume ime Gambian, [2] iku na Pavilion Diaspora na 57th Venice Biennale site na May ruo November 2017. [3]  [4] [5] Saye so na ihe nkiri BBC TV, Venice Biennale: Sink or Swim, nke akwadoro maka mgbasa ozi na 17 June.  Ihe omume a "na-esote otu ndị na-ese ihe dị iche iche ka ha na-etinye ma na-akwado nkwado Pavilion Diaspora mbụ na Venetian palazzo n'oge Venice Biennale <ref name="bbc2">"[http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b08w298s Venice Biennale: Sink or Swim]" [[BBC Two]]. Accessed 29 June 2017</ref> Saye bụ onye na-anụ ọkụ n'obi na onye nkụzi, o wepụtara onwe ya na Aza iji kụziere ma nye ndị Alakụba na-eto eto ike. <ref>{{Cite web|title=One year on from Grenfell – we celebrate the real Khadija Saye|url=http://jawaab.org.uk/one-year-on-from-grenfell-we-celebrate-the-real-khadija-saye/|work=Jawaab|accessdate=3 July 2020|archivedate=15 August 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200815011027/http://jawaab.org.uk/one-year-on-from-grenfell-we-celebrate-the-real-khadija-saye/}}</ref> Ọ rụrụ ọrụ na PEER dị ka onye na-ahụ maka ohere Creative site na 2015 ruo 2016. <ref>{{Cite news|author=Movahedi|first=Sanaz|title=Among the victims, my kind, funny friend Khadija Saye, and her mum|url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2017/jun/17/khadija-saye-grenfell-tower-artist-venice-biennale|accessdate=3 July 2020|work=The Guardian|date=17 June 2017}}</ref> == Ọnwụ == Ma Saye na nne ya nwụrụ n'ọkụ Grenfell Tower na 14 June 2017. <ref name="Guardian_profile">{{Cite news|author=Topping|first=Alexandra|url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2017/jun/17/khadija-saye-artist-was-on-cusp-of-recognition-when-she-died-in-grenfell|title=Khadija Saye: artist on cusp of recognition when she died in Grenfell|accessdate=19 June 2017|work=[[The Guardian]]|date=17 June 2017}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/grenfell-tower-fire-victims-khadija-saye-24-year-old-artist-latest-update-a7793321.html|title=Grenfell Tower fire: 24-year-old artist Khadija Saye named as victim|author=Woodcock|first=Andrew|date=17 June 2017|work=[[The Independent]]|accessdate=21 June 2017}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2017/06/26/five-year-old-grenfell-fire-victim-died-hand-slipped-neighbours/|title=Five-year-old Grenfell fire victim died after his hand slipped from his neighbour's grasp as they tried to escape|date=26 June 2017|work=[[Daily Telegraph]]}}</ref> == Ihe nketa == [[Usòrò:Khadija_Saye_exhibition_at_the_British_Library,_September_2021_02.jpg|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb| Saye's N'ime oghere a anyị na-eku ume n'ọbá akwụkwọ Britain, September 2021]] Ihe omume TV BBC na Venice Biennale nke gụnyere Saye ka yigharịrị mgbe ọkụ ahụ gasịrị <ref>{{Cite news|first=Patrick|author=Grafton-Green|url=https://www.standard.co.uk/news/london/bbc-pulls-documentary-featuring-grenfell-tower-fire-victim-a3567346.html|title=BBC pulls documentary featuring Grenfell Tower fire victim|work=[[London Evening Standard]]|date=17 June 2017|accessdate=17 June 2017}}</ref> ma bufee ya na Septemba 2017. Mgbe ọ nwụsịrị, Tate Britain mara ọkwa na ọ ga- akara silkscreen nke otu n'ime mmalite sitere na usoro Dwellings, Sothiou (2017), na ngalaba ngalaba. <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/06/20/arts/design/tate-britain-memorial-khadija-saye-grenfell-tower-fire-victim.html|title=Art of a Grenfell Tower Fire Victim Is Shown by the Tate|author=Sulcas|first=Roslyn|date=20 June 2017|work=[[The New York Times]]|accessdate=21 June 2017}}</ref> Ọrụ ya bụ nke ihe ngosi mmeghe nke Kettle's Yard na Cambridge na 10 February 2018. <ref>{{Cite news|author=Brown|first=Mark|title=Works by artist who died in Grenfell fire to be shown at Cambridge gallery|url=https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2017/dec/04/khadija-saye-artist-grenfell-fire-kettles-yard-cambridge-gallery|accessdate=5 December 2017|work=The Guardian|date=4 December 2017}}</ref> N'afọ 2018 ka agbachara ọrụ Saye na Christie's dị ka nke Mgbasa Ozi Mgbasa Ozi na Oge Ọdịnihu.  Nak Bejjen, otu n'ime tintypes sitere na ụzọ ebe obibi: na oghere a, a na-ere anyị ume maka £ 43,750. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Brady|first=Anna|date=20 September 2019|title=Grenfell victim Khadija Saye's salvaged images to be sold for charity at Victoria Miro|url=http://www.theartnewspaper.com/news/grenfel-victim-khadija-saye-s-salvaged-images-to-be-sold-for-charity-in-her-honour-at-victoria-miro|accessdate=2020-07-09|work=www.theartnewspaper.com|archivedate=2020-07-09|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200709212147/https://www.theartnewspaper.com/news/grenfel-victim-khadija-saye-s-salvaged-images-to-be-sold-for-charity-in-her-honour-at-victoria-miro}}</ref> N'etiti 2 Ọktoba na 2 Nọvemba 2019 Pọtụfoliyo nke akara silkscreen , ịse n'ime oghere a anyị na-eku ume ka e so na Victoria Miro Gallery .  Nke a bụ nke Rock My Soul, ihe ngosi nke ndị na-ese ihe nkiri ojii nke onye omenkà Isaac Julien chepụtara. <ref>{{Cite news|author=Brady|first=Anna|title=Grenfell victim Khadija Saye's salvaged images to be sold for charity at Victoria Miro|url=https://www.theartnewspaper.com/news/grenfell-victim-khadija-saye-s-salvaged-images-to-be-sold-for-charity-in-her-honour-at-victoria-miro|accessdate=30 January 2020|work=The Art Newspaper|date=20 September 2019}}</ref> Na 2019, London Transport Museum weputara mmemme mmemme foto n'aha Saye. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.museumsassociation.org/museums-journal/news/15072019-photography-fellowship-in-memory-khadija-saye|title=Photography fellowship launched in memory of Khadija Saye {{!}} Museums Association|work=www.museumsassociation.org|accessdate=2020-02-13}}</ref> Edobela egwu nkuzi itinye na PEER n'aha Saye maka ndị na-eto eto BAME na-ese ihe. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Khadija Saye 1992-2017|url=https://www.peeruk.org/khadijasaye|work=PEER|accessdate=3 July 2020|archivedate=26 September 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180926182159/http://www.peeruk.org/khadijasaye}}</ref> Na Julaị 2020 ewepụtara Khadija Saye Arts na IntoUniversity .  Ihe omume a na-eleba anya n'okwu metụtara BAME na ụlọ ọrụ ihe site n'ihi anya akwụkwọ na ihe ndị na-adịghị na ndị na-eto eto sitere na obodo ndị nwere nsogbu.  Ọ na-enye Nkwado na ụmụaka iji nyere ndị na-eto eto aka inyocha Arts.  Mwepụta nke Khadija Saye Arts dabara na m ike nke ume sị ahụ anya, akara buru ibu usoro Saye na oghere a ka anyị na-eku ume ume n'ofe facade nke 236 Westbourne Grove na West London.  Nke a bụ nke mbụ n'ime ihe ngwọrọ na-agba ọsọ na mbara igwe, ihe niile na-achọ akara ahaghị n'etiti nsogbu na eze na ikpe na-achọ ezi.. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Edmonds|first=Lizzie|date=2020-07-07|title=Khadija Saye artworks on display in outdoor Notting Hill exhibition|url=https://www.standard.co.uk/go/london/arts/khadija-saye-exhibition-outdoor-notting-hill-a4490781.html|accessdate=2020-07-10|work=Evening Standard|language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|author=Shaw|first=Anny|title='Tender, gentle and creative soul': outdoor exhibition in west London pays tribute to artist Khadija Saye who died in Grenfell fire|url=http://www.theartnewspaper.com/news/tender-gentle-and-creative-soul-tribute-exhibition-to-artist-khadija-saye-who-died-in-the-grenfell-fire-opens-in-london|accessdate=2020-07-10|work=www.theartnewspaper.com|date=7 July 2020}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|author=Arts|first=Lanre Bakare|date=2020-07-07|title=Art project launched in honour of Grenfell artist Khadija Saye|language=en-GB|work=The Guardian|url=https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2020/jul/07/art-project-launched-in-honour-of-grenfell-artist-khadija-saye|accessdate=2020-07-10}}</ref> N'etiti 23 Ọktoba 2020 na 1 Ọgọst 2021 Saye's tin-type, Peitaw, bụ ihe ngozi n'ọbá akwụkwọ Britain dị ka nke ihe ngosi Azụmahịa Emecha nwere: Ọgụ maka ikike ụmụ akwụkwọ .  [1] N'otu oge ahụ ma ka na-egosi bụ Pọtụfoliyo Saye nke akara silkscreen, N'ime oghere a anyị na-eku ume, n'ime oghere ọnụ ụzọ mbata nke ọba akwụkwọ Britain (3 December 2020 - 7 Ọktoba  2021). <ref>{{Cite web|title=Khadija Saye – In this space we breathe|url=https://www.bl.uk/events/khadija-saye|accessdate=2021-05-19|work=The British Library|archivedate=2021-04-25|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210425071953/https://www.bl.uk/events/khadija-saye}}</ref> == Ihe ngosi == * ''Anya nghọta'', Ụlọ ahịa nnukwu ụlọ ahịa, London, 2014 * Pavilion Diaspora, Venice Biennale, Palazzo Pisani S Marina, Venice, Italy, 2017 * Tate Modern, London, 2017 * ''Ihe omume'', Kettle's Yard, Cambridge, 2018 * ''n'ime oghere a anyị na-eku ume'', British Library, London, 2020/21 * ''Azụmahịa Emechabeghị: Ọgụ maka ikike ụmụ nwanyị'', ọba akwụkwọ Britain, London, 2020/21 == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * Official website * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X6qVcm_e0CY BBC Three programme about Saye including an interview] (video) {{Authority control}} [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 3pss3h7xn61g5043bktdsyz08j87u3r 0 47561 696734 595777 2026-08-03T08:04:46Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 696734 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''BuMartine Syms''' (amụrụ 1988) bụ onye omenkà America bi na [[Los Angeles]], ọkachamara na usoro dị iche iche gụnyere mbipụta, vidiyo, nrụnye, na arụmọrụ . Mgbalị nka ya na-agbagharị gburugburu gburugburu njirimara, ọkachasị nnochite anya nke onwe, na-elekwasị anya na isiokwu dịka feminism na omenala ojii. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=Martine Syms|url=https://www.sadiecoles.com/artists/44-martine-syms/|accessdate=2021-01-09|work=Sadie Coles HQ|language=en}}</ref> Syms na-ejikarị ọchị na nkọwa mmekọrịta ọha na eze dị ka ụgbọ ala maka nyocha n'ime ọrụ ya. <ref name=":1" /> N'afọ 2007, o webatara okwu a bụ " '''Conceptual Entrepreneur''' " iji kọwaa ụzọ nka nka. <ref>{{Cite web|title="Fear and desire for connection and the blocks to it": artist Martine Syms on her exhibition Grand Calme|url=https://www.itsnicethat.com/features/martine-syms-art-200918|accessdate=2021-01-09|work=www.itsnicethat.com|language=en}}</ref> == Ndụ mbido == A mụrụ Martine Syms na 1988 na [[Los Angeles]] . Ọ tolitere na mpaghara Altadena nke obodo ya na ụmụnne ya atọ. <ref>{{Cite news|author=Anyangwe|first=Eliza|date=2016-05-09|title=Martine Syms at the ICA: 'people act like art is a white thing'|language=en-GB|work=The Guardian|url=https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2016/may/09/martine-syms-fact-and-trouble-ica-art-not-most-effective-protest|accessdate=2020-08-11}}</ref> N'oge ọ bụ nwata, ndị mụrụ ya nwetara ụlọ akwụkwọ n'ụlọ n'agbata afọ 7 na 12. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Martine Syms: 'Don't be afraid to be narcissistic'|url=https://www.gq-magazine.co.uk/article/martine-syms-artist-interview-2018|accessdate=2020-08-11|work=British GQ|date=September 9, 2018|language=en-GB}}</ref> N'ịghọta mmasị ya n'oge ọ bụ nwata, Syms gosipụtara ọchịchọ ya ịghọ onye na-ese ihe n'oge. N'ịtụgharị uche n'ahụmahụ ụlọ akwụkwọ ya, Syms ekwuola banyere ihe ịma aka nke ịnweta agụmakwụkwọ dị mma na mpaghara ya, na-ekwu, " ''Ebe m tolitere enweghị ụlọ akwụkwọ ọha na eze kacha mma, ọ na-esikwa ike ime ka anyị niile banye n'otu ebe. ụlọ akwụkwọ nkeonwe - maka ọtụtụ ihe kpatara ịkpa ókè agbụrụ, site na ihe ọ dị ka'' ." <ref name=":3">{{Cite web|date=2016-05-09|title=Martine Syms at the ICA: 'people act like art is a white thing'|url=http://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2016/may/09/martine-syms-fact-and-trouble-ica-art-not-most-effective-protest|accessdate=2021-01-16|work=the Guardian|language=en}}</ref> Nne na nna Syms abụọ kwalitere mmepe okike ya, nne ya nwere mmasị na nka na ide na nna ya bụ onye na-ese foto. Dịka akụkụ nke njem nka ya, ọ sonyere na California State Summer School for Arts (CSSSA) na CalArts. Na 2007, Syms nwetara nzere bachelọ nke Fine Arts (BFA) na fim, vidiyo, na mgbasa ozi ọhụụ sitere na oflọ Akwụkwọ nke Art Institute of Chicago . <ref>{{Cite web|title=Martine Syms|url=http://www.interviewmagazine.com/art/martine-syms-16-faces-of-2016|accessdate=March 6, 2016|work=www.interviewmagazine.com|date=December 29, 2015}}</ref> O mechara nweta nzere Master of Fine Arts (MFA) na Bard College na Annandale-on-Hudson, New York, na-agụcha akwụkwọ ya na 2017. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Diehl|first=Travis|title=The Many Lives of Martine Syms|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/09/02/arts/design/the-many-lives-of-martine-syms.html|work=[[The New York Times]]|date=2 September 2022}}</ref> == Ọrụ == Site na 2007 ruo 2012, Syms bụ onye isi ngalaba nke Golden Age, oghere na-ese ihe na Chicago. <ref name=":8">{{Cite web|author=Ghorashi|first=Hannah|date=2016-04-26|title='You Make Publics Around The Ideas': Martine Syms on Publishing, Self-Help, Zine Culture, and More|url=https://www.artnews.com/art-news/news/you-make-publics-around-the-ideas-martine-syms-on-publishing-self-help-zine-culture-and-more-6186/|accessdate=2021-03-06|work=ARTnews.com|language=en-US}}</ref> Na 2015, Syms sonyere na New Museum Triennial ''Surround Audience'' . N'ime otu afọ ahụ, e gosipụtara vidiyo ya akpọrọ " ''Notes on Gesture'' " na Bridget Donahue Gallery na [[New York City]] na Machine Project na Los Angeles. Vidio a na-enyocha mkpa mmegharị ahụ nke yiri ka ọ bụ obere ihe n'ịkpụzi njirimara mmadụ. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Toro|first=Lauren Boyle, Solomon Chase, Marco Roso, Nick Scholl, David|title=Notes on Gesture {{!}} Martine Syms|url=http://dismagazine.com/dystopia/78525/notes-on-gesture/|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304050141/http://dismagazine.com/dystopia/78525/notes-on-gesture/|archivedate=March 4, 2016|accessdate=March 5, 2016|work=DIS Magazine|language=en-US}}</ref> Syms jikọrọ aka na Willo Perron na Associates n'inyere aka na ide okwu [[Kanyé West|Kanye West]] na 2015 MTV Video Music Awards, ebe o kwuputara ọkwa ya maka ntuli aka onye isi ala 2020 . <ref name=":4">{{Cite web|title="Fear and desire for connection and the blocks to it": artist Martine Syms on her exhibition Grand Calme|url=https://www.itsnicethat.com/features/martine-syms-art-200918|accessdate=2021-01-16|work=www.itsnicethat.com|language=en}}</ref> N'afọ 2016, Syms gosipụtara ihe ngosi arụmọrụ " ''Misdirected Kiss'' " na Storm King Art Center na [[New York City|New York]] 's Hudson Valley, yana na Broad Museum na [[Los Angeles]] . Aha ọrụ ahụ sitere na ihe nkiri 1904 " ''The Misdirected Kiss'' ." Incorporating element reminiscent of a TED okwu, arụmọrụ na-enyocha nke ọma okwu metụtara asụsụ na nnọchiteanya. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Miranda|first=Carolina A.|title=White suitor, black maid: Martine Syms takes on black women representations in 'Misdirected Kiss'|url=http://www.latimes.com/entertainment/arts/la-et-cam-martine-syms-misdirected-kiss-broad-museum-20160120-column.html|accessdate=March 10, 2016|work=Los Angeles Times|date=January 21, 2016}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal|author=Walser|first=Adrienne|date=February 18, 2016|title=Martine Syms Misdirected Kiss at the Broad Museum|url=http://contemporaryartreview.la/martine-syms-misdirected-kiss-at-the-broad-museum/|journal=Contemporary Art Review Los Angeles|accessdate=March 10, 2016}}</ref> N'otu afọ ahụ, Syms mere ihe ngosi solo na Institute of Contemporary Arts na [[London]], nke akpọrọ " ''Martine Syms: Fact & Trouble'' ," <ref name=":5">{{Cite web|title=Martine Syms: Fact & Trouble|url=https://archive.ica.art/whats-on/martine-syms-fact-trouble|accessdate=2021-01-16|work=archive.ica.art|language=en}}</ref> nke gosipụtara usoro vidiyo ya " ''Nkụzi'' ." <ref name=":5" /> Na 2017, Syms nwere ihe ngosi solo na Museum of Modern Art na [[New York City|New York]], nke akpọrọ " ''Projects 106: Martine Syms'' ," nke na-agbagharị na ihe nkiri dị ogologo nke a na-akpọ " ''Inense, Sweaters & Ice'' ." <ref>{{Cite web|title=Projects 106: Martine Syms {{!}} MoMA|url=https://www.moma.org/calendar/exhibitions/3665|accessdate=2020-08-11|work=The Museum of Modern Art|language=en}}</ref> Na mgbakwunye, Syms ka edepụtara aha maka Ọdịnihu Art Prize <ref>{{Cite web|title=Martine Syms|url=https://futuregenerationartprize.org/en/history/2017/martine-syms|accessdate=2021-03-07|work=futuregenerationartprize.org}}</ref> wee nata onyinye Louis Comfort Tiffany Foundation n'otu afọ ahụ. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Russeth|first=Andrew|date=2018-02-15|title=Here Are the 2017 Tiffany Foundation Grant Recipients|url=http://www.artnews.com/2018/02/15/2017-tiffany-foundation-grant-recipients/|accessdate=2018-03-03|work=ARTnews|language=en-US}}</ref> Syms sonyeere ngalaba nke California Institute of Arts na Septemba 2018 <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Artists Martine Syms and Cauleen Smith to Join CalArts School of Art Faculty|url=http://blog.calarts.edu/2017/08/02/artists-martine-syms-and-cauleen-smith-to-join-calarts-school-of-art-faculty/|accessdate=2019-02-28|work=24700|language=en-US}}</ref> wee nye ya onyinye Graham Foundation Fellowship maka Advanced Studies na Fine Arts. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Graham Foundation Announces Inaugural Fellows|url=https://www.artforum.com/news/graham-foundation-announces-inaugural-fellows-74616|accessdate=2018-03-17|work=www.artforum.com}}</ref> Ọ natakwara Commission Fields Commission na mgbasa ozi dabere na oge site na Philadelphia Museum of Art na Fondazione Sandretto Rebaudengo . <ref>{{Cite web|title=Martine Syms is New Recipient of Future Fields Commission|url=https://press.philamuseum.org/the-philadelphia-museum-of-art-and-fondazione-sandretto-re-rebaudengo-award-martine-syms-the-future-fields-commission-in-time-based-media/|accessdate=2020-08-11|work=Martine Syms is New Recipient of Future Fields Commission|language=en-us}}</ref> Syms hibere Dominica Publishing, akwụkwọ akụkọ ndị nka raara nye inyocha njirimara ojii na nka na omenala ọhụụ. <ref name=":8"/> <ref>{{Cite web|title=Rhizome - Black by Distribution: A Conversation with Martine Syms|url=http://rhizome.org/editorial/2011/aug/31/black-distribution-conversation-martine-syms/|work=rhizome.org}}</ref> === Conceptual entrepreneur === Echiche nke ndị na-ese ihe na-achọ mkpebi onwe onye nke ego bụ isiokwu na-emegharị ugboro ugboro na nka ọgbara ọhụrụ na nke oge a. Ndị na-ese ihe dị ka Marcel Duchamp, Marcel Broodthaers, Piero Manzoni, David Hammons, na Joe Scanlan enyochala echiche a. Scanlan, karịsịa, kwuputara echiche a na ederede ya " ''Ndị mmadụ na ahia'' ," nke na-eme ka ikike azụmahịa nke nkà echiche pụta ìhè. Scanlan na-arụ ụka na ndị na-ese ihe nwere nkà pụrụ iche na ụzọ mmepụta ihe, dị ka Agnes Martin na David Hammons, na-agụnye akara nke onwe, ntinye uru na ụkpụrụ mmepụta oge. A na-elegharakarị ndị na-ese ihe anya maka ntinye aka ha na mmepụta ọhụrụ azụmahịa nke ọgbara ọhụrụ. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Conceptualismo y Economía|url=http://www.ubu.com/papers/cuy_conceptualism-economy.pdf|accessdate=13 August 2020|work=www.ubu.com}}</ref> Syms na-anabata echiche nke mkpebi onwe onye site na ụlọ ọrụ na-adịgide adịgide, na-emetụta mmasị ya na egwu onwe ya na azụmahịa ndị ojii nwere. <ref>{{Cite web|title=The Unreliable Narrator|url=http://moussemagazine.it/articolo.mm?id=1299|accessdate=2024-06-10|archivedate=2016-10-02|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161002124312/http://moussemagazine.it/articolo.mm?id=1299}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title='YOU MAKE PUBLICS AROUND THE IDEAS': MARTINE SYMS ON PUBLISHING, SELF-HELP, ZINE CULTURE, AND MORE|date=April 26, 2016|url=http://www.artnews.com/2016/04/26/you-make-publics-around-the-ideas-martine-syms-on-publishing-self-help-zine-culture-and-more/}}</ref> E gosipụtara ihe osise ya na ebe dị iche iche, gụnyere ọrụ mmadụ, [[Bridget Donahue Gallery]], New Museum, Kunsthalle Bern, Ụlọ ihe nkiri Studio na Harlem, [[Index Stockholm]], MOCA Los Angeles, na MCA Chicago . <ref>{{Cite web|date=March 6, 2016|title=Information|url=http://martinesyms.com/information|work=martinesyms.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://artforum.com/picks/id=55228|title=Bridget Donahue}}</ref> Ugbu a, Syms na-ejide ọkwa nkuzi na California Institute of Arts . <ref name=":0"/> == Ọrụ == Omume nka nke Syms na-abanye n'ime njirimara ndị ojii nke oge a, tiori queer, na mkpa asụsụ. Nchọgharị ya na-ewere ọnọdụ site na usoro dị iche iche dịka vidiyo, arụmọrụ, ide ihe, wdg <ref>{{Cite web|title=Martine Syms, The Queen's English » Armory Center for the Arts|url=http://www.armoryarts.org/exhibitions/2014/martine-syms-the-queen-s-english/|accessdate=March 5, 2016|work=www.armoryarts.org}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|date=2017-03-30|title=Martine Syms|url=https://www.contemporaryartsociety.org/news/artist-to-watch/martine-syms/|accessdate=2021-01-16|work=Contemporary Art Society|language=en-US}}</ref> Syms na-eji ọdịdị nkenke nke vidiyo akpọrọ ihe dị ka ụzọ isi nyefee ozi dị mkpa <ref name=":6">{{Cite web|author=Motor Cars|first=Rolls-Royce|date=2020-10-21|title=Meet the Artists: Martine Syms|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hzvS61NtmAs|archiveurl=|archivedate=|accessdate=16 January 2021|work=YouTube}}</ref> ma were onwe ya dị ka onye nchịkọta nke "mgbasa ozi na-enweghị mgbei." <ref name=":3"/> Dịka ọmụmaatụ, ọ na-enyocha ọrụ nke smartphones dị ka ngwá ọrụ maka ịmepụta njirimara, <ref name=":7">{{Cite web|author=AnOther|date=2020-04-14|title=The Intoxicating Collages of Martine Syms|url=https://www.anothermag.com/art-photography/12426/martine-syms-work-intoxicating-collage-turin-exhibition-2020|accessdate=2021-01-16|work=AnOther|language=en}}</ref> n'agbanyeghị na ọ na-ezere iji mgbasa ozi ọha. Syms na-enweta ọñụ n'ịchọgharị ka njirimara arụrụ onwe ya si apụta site na nyiwe ndị a. <ref name=":4"/> N'ime usoro nka ya, Syms na-ejikarị oghere gallery mepụta mkpokọta mgbasa ozi . <ref name=":7" /> O nwere nka nka dị iche iche, gụnyere koodu nkuzi onwe onye agbakwunyere na klaasị na Armory Center for Arts na Los Angeles. <ref name=":4" /> Satire bụ isi iyi nke mkpali maka Syms, na-eji parody na mkparị zie ozi nka nka. <ref name=":3" /> Ọ na-akọwa ụdị ọrụ ya dị ka ihe na-arụ ọrụ, na-emegharị ụzọ ya n'oge njem okike. <ref name=":6" /> == Mbipụta == Na 2011, Syms nyere aka na Atụmatụ Ọdịnihu na mmemme mmemme site na ibipụta ''Mmetụta na Ọdịiche'' . <ref>{{Cite book|author=Syms|first=Martine|title=Implications & distinctions: format, content and context in contemporary race film : a text|date=2011-01-01|publisher=Future Plan and Program|isbn=9780983381518|location=United States?|language=English|oclc=769680360}}</ref> Akwụkwọ a na-enyocha arụmọrụ nke njirimara ojii na sinima nke oge a ma bụrụ akụkụ nke nkwado nkwado nke [[Steffani Jemison]] duziri. <ref>{{Cite web|title=IMPLICATIONS AND DISTINCTIONS {{!}} Future Plan and Program|url=http://futureplanandprogram.com/martine-syms/|accessdate=2017-03-11|work=futureplanandprogram.com|language=en-US}}</ref> Na 2013, Syms bipụtara ''Mundane Afrofuturist Manifesto'' na Rhizome . <ref>{{Cite web|date=March 6, 2016|title=Martine Syms and the 'Mundane Afrofuturist Manifesto'|url=https://www.kcet.org/shows/artbound/martine-syms-and-the-mundane-afrofuturist-manifesto|work=www.kcet.org}}</ref> Ihe ngosi a na-akwado maka ndị na-emepụta ihe nka oji ojii ka ha lekwasị anya n'ịmepụta omenala nke na-echepụta ọdịnihu dị adị n'ụwa. Syms na-ekwusi ike ihe ịma aka nke iche n'echiche ụwa na-enweghị echiche efu ma ọ bụ mgbapụ, na-agba ume maka echiche nke ugbu a na ọdịnihu. N'ihota DuBois na Ol' Dirty Bastard, ọ na-atụgharị uche n'echiche nke "abụọ" na otú ọ dị ka a na-ahụ ya dị ka nsogbu. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Syms|first=Martine|date=December 17, 2013|title=Rhizome|url=http://rhizome.org/editorial/2013/dec/17/mundane-afrofuturist-manifesto/|accessdate=February 17, 2016|work=Rhizome.org}}</ref> Na 2014, Syms wepụtara ''Ọtụtụ Days'', na-egosi tebụl na-agụ ihe nkiri ya nke na-egosi nkezi ụbọchị na ndụ nwa agbọghọ ojii na 2050 Los Angeles. Neal Reinalda dere akara ọba ahụ. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Black to the Future|url=http://bitchmagazine.org/article/black-to-the-future-afrofuturism-feminism-music-janelle-monae-kelis-ebony-bones-theesatisfaction|accessdate=February 17, 2016|work=Bitchmagazine.org|archivedate=April 9, 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150409180608/http://bitchmagazine.org/article/black-to-the-future-afrofuturism-feminism-music-janelle-monae-kelis-ebony-bones-theesatisfaction}}</ref> == Ndụ onwe onye == Syms na-ekere òkè na bọl dị ka onye ọkpụkpọ maka Sativa Football Club, na-ewere ọnọdụ nke midfielder. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Martine Syms: 'Don't be afraid to be narcissistic'|url=https://www.gq-magazine.co.uk/article/martine-syms-artist-interview-2018|accessdate=2021-01-16|work=British GQ|date=September 9, 2018|language=en-GB}}</ref> == Nchịkọta, nkuzi na ihe ngosi == === Nkuzi na ọgbakọ <ref name=":2">{{Cite web|title=Martine Syms - Biography|url=https://www.sadiecoles.com/artists/44-martine-syms/biography/|accessdate=2021-01-09|work=Sadie Coles HQ|language=en}}</ref> === * William Greaves: Psychodrama, Interruption, and Circulation, Lewis Center for the Arts, Princeton University, Princeton NJ, co-organized with Fia Backström, 21 Feb, 2020 * with Colin Self, Sadie Coles HQ, London, 01 Oct, 2018 * ''March Meeting 2018: Active Forms'', Sharjah Art Foundation, Shuwaihen, Sharjah, UAE, 17-19 Mar 2018 * ''Experience It: Martine Syms'', A conversation with Martine Syms, Sharon Hayes and Jon Rafman, The Lab with California College of the Arts, San Francisco CA, USA, 26 Feb 2018 * ''Lounge'' Talk, ''Yebisu International Festival for Art and Alternative Visions'', Tokyo Photographic Museum, Tokyo, Japan, 09 Feb 2018 * Martine Syms and Rizvana Bradley in conversation, Raven Row, London, England, 23 Apr 2017 * ''Friday Flights at the Getty'', Getty Center, Los Angeles CA, USA, 26 Aug 2016 * ''Martine Syms'', Todd Madigan Gallery & Department of Art at California State University, Bakersfield CA, USA, 16 Feb 2016 * ''Tip of Her Tongue: Martine Syms 'Misdirected Kiss''', The Oculus Hall at The Broad, Los Angeles CA, USA, 21 Jan 2016 * A Pilot For A Show About Nowhere, PNCA Mediatheque, Portland OR, USA, 12 May 2015 * ''Seven on Seven'', 7th Edition: Empathy & Disgust, Rhizome, New York NY, USA, 2 May 2015 * ''Lessons of the Tradition'', California State University at Long Beach, Long Beach CA, USA, 2015 * ''Quality Television'', Light Industry, New York NY, USA 28 Apr 2015 * ''Lessons of the Tradition'', Pomona College, Claremont CA, USA, 2015 * ''Nite Life'', O, Miami Poetry Festival, Miami FL, USA, 2015 * ''In the Archives, Contemporary Artists Books'', Los Angeles CA, USA, 2015 * ''Lessons of the Tradition'', Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond VA, USA, 2014 * ''Black Radical Imagination II'', REDCAT, Los Angeles CA, USA, 14 Nov 2014 * ''Black Vernacular: Lessons of the Tradition'', London College of Communication, London, England, 17 Oct 2014 * ''Do You Follow? Art in Circulation'', Rhizome/ICA Institute of Contemporary Art London, London, England, 15-17 Oct 2014 * ''Black Vernacular: Lessons of the Tradition'', Oberlin College & Observatory, Oberlin OH, USA, 29 April 2014 * ''Most Days'', Moogfest Biennial, Asheville NC, USA, 26 Apr 2014 * ''Black Vernacular'', Insights 2014 Design Lecture Series, Walker Art Center, Minneapolis MN, USA, 18 Mar 2014 * ''Direct Design'', Minneapolis College of Art and Design, Minneapolis MN, USA, 2014 * ''Most Days'', Arts Incubator, University of Chicago, Chicago IL, USA, 2014 * ''Direct Design'', Otis College of Art and Design, Los Angeles CA, USA, 2014 * ''Becoming Artists: Critique, Originality & Identity - Managing Biography: Negotiating Audience'', [[Yale University]], New Haven CT, USA, 08 Feb 2014 * ''New Paradigms in Digital Media 'Mainstreaming' a DIY Culture'', Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore MD, USA, 13 Apr 2013 * ''Conceptual Entrepreneurism'', Maryland Institute College of Art, Baltimore MD, USA, 2013 * ''Black Vernacular: Reading New Media'', SXSW, Austin TX, USA, 2013 * ''Science Fiction & What It Feels Like To (Already) Live In the Future'', Actual Size, Los Angeles CA, 11 Jan 2013 * ''Real Talk'', California Institute of the Arts, Valencia CA, USA, 05 Nov 2012 * ''Reading Politics'', Summer Forum, Chicago IL, USA, 2012 * ''The Didactic Possibilities of Film Titles'', Houston Museum of African American Art, Houston TX, USA, 2011 * ''Artist/Authors'', The Gregory School, Houston TX, USA, 2011 * ''Implications & Distinctions'', [[Ụlọ Project Row|Project Row Houses]], Houston TX, USA, 2011 * ''Future Plan and Program'' - Lecture by [[Steffani Jemison]] and Martine Syms, Prairie View A &amp;amp; M University, Prairie View TX, USA, 19 Apr 2011 === Ihe ngosi Solo === * Armory Center for the Arts (Pasadena, CA), ''Martine Syms, The Queen's English,'' 2014<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.armoryarts.org/exhibitions/2014/martine-syms-the-queen-s-english/|title=Martine Syms, The Queen's English » Armory Center for the Arts|work=www.armoryarts.org|accessdate=March 5, 2016}}</ref> * [http://locustprojects.org Locust Projects] (Miami), ''Art on the Move: Nite Life,'' 2015''<ref>{{Cite web|title=LOCUST PROJECTS|url=http://www.locustprojects.org/exhibitions/art-on-the-move/nite-life.html|accessdate=2020-08-11|work=www.locustprojects.org}}</ref>'' * [https://web.archive.org/web/20240616112334/https://whiteflagprojects.org/wfp10/ White Flag Projects] (Saint Louis, Missouri), ''Martine Syms,'' 2015<ref>{{Cite web|title=White Flag Projects|url=http://whiteflagprojects.org/wfp10/exhibition_details.cfm?eID=100|accessdate=March 5, 2016|work=whiteflagprojects.org|archivedate=August 17, 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150817025800/http://www.whiteflagprojects.org/wfp10/exhibition_details.cfm?eID=100}}</ref> * Machine Project (Los Angeles, CA), ''Notes on Gesture,'' 2015<ref name=":2"/> * [https://www.bridgetdonahue.nyc Bridget Donahue] (New York), ''Martine Syms: Vertical Elevated Oblique,'' 2015<ref>{{Cite web|title=Martine Syms: Vertical Elevated Oblique {{!}} Martine Syms {{!}} Bridget Donahue|url=https://www.bridgetdonahue.nyc/artists/syms-martine/solo/martine-syms-vertical-elevated-oblique/|accessdate=2020-08-11|work=www.bridgetdonahue.nyc}}</ref> * Audain Gallery (Vancouver, Canada), ''Borrowed Lady'', 2016<ref name=":2" /> * Human Resources (Los Angeles), ''Martine Syms: Black Box,'' 2016<ref>{{Cite web|title=Human Resources Chinatown Los Angeles - Event Details - 2.6.2016 - 2.27.2016 Martine Syms "Black Box"|url=http://humanresourcesla.com/event-details/2016/1/26/262016-2272016-martine-syms-black-box.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160320060013/http://humanresourcesla.com/event-details/2016/1/26/262016-2272016-martine-syms-black-box.html|archivedate=March 20, 2016|accessdate=March 5, 2016|work=humanresourcesla.com}}</ref> * Karma International (Beverly Hills, California), ''Martine Syms: com port ment,'' 2016 * Institute of Contemporary Art (London, England), ''Martine Syms: Fact & Trouble'', 2016<ref>{{Cite web|title=Martine Syms: Fact & Trouble|url=https://archive.ica.art/whats-on/martine-syms-fact-trouble|accessdate=2020-08-11|work=archive.ica.art|language=en}}</ref> * Museum of Modern Art (New York), ''Projects 106: Martine Syms,'' 2017<ref>{{Cite web|title=Projects 106: Martine Syms|url=https://www.moma.org/calendar/exhibitions/3665|accessdate=March 12, 2018|work=www.moma.org/}}</ref> * Camden Arts Centre (London, England), ''VNXXCAS: Martine Syms,'' 2017<ref name=":2" /> * CONDO: Bridget Donahue hosted by Sadie Coles HQ (London, England), ''The Easy Demands,'' 2017<ref name=":2" /> * [https://www.bridgetdonahue.nyc Bridget Donahue] (New York), ''Martine Syms: Big Surprise,'' 2018<ref>{{Cite web|title=Martine Syms: Big Surprise {{!}} Exhibitions {{!}} Bridget Donahue|url=https://www.bridgetdonahue.nyc/exhibitions/martine-syms/|accessdate=2020-08-11|work=www.bridgetdonahue.nyc}}</ref> * Graham Foundation (Chicago IL), ''Incense Sweaters & Ice'', 2018<ref name=":2" /> * Art Institute of Chicago (Chicago IL), ''SHE MAD: Laughing Gas,'' 2018<ref name=":2" /> * Sadie Coles HQ (London, England), ''Grand Calme,'' 2018<ref name=":2" /> * Serralves Foundation (Porto, Portugal), ''Contemporary Projects: Martine Syms,'' 2018<ref name=":2" /> * Secession (Vienna, Austria), ''Boon,'' 2019<ref name=":2" /> * Institute of Contemporary Art at Virginia Commonwealth University (Richmond VA), ''Shame Space'', 2019<ref name=":2" /> * Sadie Coles HQ off-site: 24 Cork Street (London, England), ''Ugly Plymouths'', 2020<ref name=":2" /> * SLAM | Saint Louis Art Museum (St. Louis MO), ''New Media Series'', 2020<ref name=":2" /> * 5239 Melrose Avenue (Los Angeles CA), New York, and Sadie Coles HQ (London, England), ''Ugly Plymouths,'' presented by Bridget Donahue, 2020<ref name=":2" /> * Bergen Kunsthall (Bergen, Norway), 2021<ref name=":2" /> === Ihe ngosi otu === * The Green Gallery (Milwaukee), ''YOU CAN DEPEND ON THE SUNSHINE: Paul Cowan, Marco Kane, Martine Syms'', 2007<ref>{{Cite web|title=west - The Green Gallery|url=http://www.thegreengallery.biz/past/west|accessdate=March 5, 2016|work=www.thegreengallery.biz}}</ref> * New Museum (New York), ''Museum as Hub: Alpha's Bet Is Not Over Yet'', 2011<ref name=":2"/> * MCA Chicago, ''We Are Here: Art & Design Out of Context,'' 2011<ref>{{Cite web|title=MCA – We Are Here: Art & Design Out of Context|url=https://mcachicago.org/Exhibitions/2011/We-Are-Here-Art-Design-Out-Of-Context|accessdate=March 5, 2016|work=mcachicago.org|archivedate=March 21, 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160321231557/https://mcachicago.org/Exhibitions/2011/We-Are-Here-Art-Design-Out-Of-Context}}</ref> * The Green Gallery (Milwaukee), ''Three Card Monte'', 2011<ref name=":2" /> * Public Fiction (Los Angeles), ''Act II: The Props'', 2012<ref name=":2" /> * Institute of Contemporary Art (Philadelphia), ''First Among Equals,'' 2012 <ref>{{Cite web|title=Bodega|url=https://bodega-us.org/first_among_equals.html|accessdate=2020-08-11|work=bodega-us.org}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2013-08-30|title=First Among Equals - ICA Philadelphia|url=https://icaphila.org/exhibitions/first-among-equals/|accessdate=2020-08-11|work=Institute of Contemporary Art|language=en-US}}</ref> * Badlands Unlimited, Apple iTunes, ''How to Download a Boyfriend'', 2012<ref name=":2" /> * Acid Rain TV (New York), ''The Didactic Possibilities of Film Titles'', 2012<ref name=":2" /> * Young Art (Los Angeles), ''Mise-En-Scéne'', 2012<ref name=":2" /> * Transfer Gallery (New York), ''gURLs'', 2013<ref name=":2" /> * Aran Cravey (Los Angeles), ''Rhetoric'', 2014<ref name=":2" /> * New Museum (New York), ''First Look: Martine Syms: Reading Trayvon Martin'', 2014<ref name=":2" /> * 356 Mission (Los Angeles), ''Another Cats Show'', 2014<ref name=":2" /> * REDCAT (Los Angeles), ''Small New Films'', 2014<ref name=":2" /> * Cooper Union (New York), ''Black Radical Imagination'', 2014<ref name=":2" /> * Studio Museum (Harlem, New York), ''Speaking of People: Ebony, Jet and Contemporary Art'', 2014–2015<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.studiomuseum.org/exhibition/speaking-people-emebonyem-emjetem-and-contemporary-art|title=Speaking of People {{!}} The Studio Museum in Harlem|work=www.studiomuseum.org|accessdate=March 5, 2016}}</ref> * [[Ụlọ Project Row|Project Row Houses]] (Houston, Texas), ''How We Work'', 2015<ref name=":2" /> * Todd Madigan Gallery (California State University), ''Open House'', 2015<ref name=":2" /> * ACTRE TV acretv.org, ''Tele-novela,'' 2015<ref name=":2" /> * Chan Gallery, Pomona College (Claremont), ''Candice Lin/Martine Syms'', 2015<ref name=":2" /> * ICA Institute of Contemporary Art London (London, England), ''Artists' Film Club: Avant-Noir, Volume 2'', 2015<ref name=":2" /> * Bureau (New York), ''The Daily Show'', 2015<ref name=":2" /> * Walker Art Center (Minneapolis), ''Intangibles'', 2015<ref name=":2" /> * New Museum (New York), ''2015 Triennial: Surround Audience'', 2015<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.newmuseum.org/exhibitions/view/the-generational-triennial|title=2015 Triennial: Surround Audience|work=www.newmuseum.org|accessdate=March 5, 2016|archivedate=March 7, 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150307203204/http://www.newmuseum.org/exhibitions/view/the-generational-triennial}}</ref> * The Coming Community, Artspace NZ (Auckland, New Zealand), ''Potentially Yours'', 2016<ref name=":2" /> * Astrup Fearnley Museet (Oslo, Norway), ''Los Angeles - A Fiction'', 2016<ref name=":2" /> * Galerie Conradi (Hamburg, Germany), ''Umwelt Inversion'', 2016<ref name=":2" /> * Oakville Galleries (Oakville, Canada), ''Down To Write You This Poem Sat'', 2016<ref name=":2" /> * Occidental Temporary (Paris, France), ''Cool Memories'', 2016<ref name=":2" /> * International Center of Photography (New York), ''Public, Private, Secret'', 2016<ref name=":2" /> * Hammer Museum (Los Angeles), ''Made in L.A. 2016: a, the, though, only''<ref>{{Cite web|title=Made in L.A. 2016: a, the, though, only {{!}} Hammer Museum|url=https://hammer.ucla.edu/made-in-la-2016|accessdate=2020-08-11|work=hammer.ucla.edu|date=June 12, 2016|language=en}}</ref> * Atlanta Contemporary (Atlanta), ''It Can Howl'', 2016<ref name=":2" /> * HOME (Manchester, England), ''Imitation of Life: Melodrama and Race in the 21st Century'', 2016<ref name=":2" /> * Whitechapel Gallery (London, England), ''Electronic Superhighway (2016-1966)'', 2016<ref name=":2" /> * Index Stockholm- The Swedish Contemporary Art Foundation (Stockholm, Sweden), ''Autobiography'', 2016<ref name=":2" /> * Franklin Street Works (Stamford), ''Cut-Up: Contemporary Collage and Cut-Up Histories through a Feminist Lens'', 2016<ref name=":2" /> * K11 Art Foundation pop-up space (Hong Kong), ''.COM/.CN'', presented by K11 Art Foundation and Klaus Biesenbach and Peter Eleey, 2017<ref name=":2" /> * Museum of Art, Architecture and Technology (Lisbon, Portugal), ''Electronic Superhighway (2016-1966)'', 2017<ref name=":2" /> * ICA Institute of Contemporary Art Philadelphia (Philadelphia), ''Speech/Acts'', 2017<ref name=":2" /> * Artspace (Sydney, Australia), ''The Public Body'', 2017<ref name=":2" /> * The Mistake Room (Los Angeles), ''Analog Currency'', 2017<ref name=":2" /> * Chateau Shatto (Los Angeles), ''At This Stage'', 2017<ref name=":2" /> * Palazzo Contarini Polignac (Venice, Italy), ''Future Generation Art Prize @ Venice 2017'', organised by the Victor Pinchuk Foundation, 2017<ref name=":2" /> * The Kitchen (New York), ''That I am reading backwards and into for a purpose, to go on:'', 2017<ref name=":2" /> * Trinity Square Video (Toronto, Canada), ''What does one do with such a clairvoyant image?'', 2017<ref name=":2" /> * Raven Row (London, England), ''56 Artillery Lane'', 2017<ref name=":2" /> * Galerie PCP (Paris, France), ''Our Words Return in Patterns (Part 1''), 2017<ref name=":2" /> * Whitney Museum (New York), ''Whitney Biennal'', as part of the John Riepenhoff installation, 2017<ref name=":2" /> * Musée d'art Contemporain de Lyon (Lyon, France), ''Los Angeles - A Fiction'', 2017<ref name=":2" /> * Pinchuk Art Centre (Kyiv, Ukraine), ''Exhibition of 21 Artists Shortlisted for the Future Generation Art Prize 2017'', 2017<ref name=":2" /> * Public Art Fund (New York), ''Commercial Break'', 2017<ref name=":2" /> * Dazibao (Montreal, Canada), ''I Am the Organizer of My Own Archive'', 2017<ref name=":2" /> * Team Gallery (New York), ''The Love Object'' ''(organized by Tom Brewer)'', 2017<ref name=":2" /> * University of Michigan Museum of Art (Ann Arbour MI), ''Art in the Age of the Internet, 1989 To Today'', 2018<ref name=":2" /> * Madre museo d'arte contemporanea Donnaregina (Naples, Italy), ''Per_forming a collection. The Show Must Go_ON'', 2018<ref name=":2" /> * FRONT International: Cleveland Triennial For Contemporary Art, Toby Devan Lewis Gallery, Museum of Contemporary Art Cleveland, ''An Evening of Queen White'', 2018<ref name=":2" /> * Gwangju (South Korea), ''The 12th Gwangju Biennale Exhibition: Imagined Borders'', 2018<ref name=":2" /> * Grunwald Gallery, School of Art, Architecture + Design (Bloomington IN), ''Out of Easy Reach'', 2018<ref name=":2" /> * Kunstverein (Amsterdam, the Netherlands), ''Succession Sounds'', 2018<ref name=":2" /> * Whitney Museum of American Art (New York), ''Eckhaus Latta: Possessed'', 2018<ref name=":2" /> * Allen Memorial Art Museum (Oberlin OH), ''Radically Ordinary: Scenes form Black Life in America Since 1968'', 2018<ref name=":2" /> * Art Basel (Basel, Switzerland), ''Unlimited'', 2018<ref name=":2" /> * The Gallery, Michael's (Santa Monica CA), 2018<ref name=":2" /> * Gallery 400 and DePaul Art Museum (Chicago IL), ''Out of Easy Reach'', 2018<ref name=":2" /> * Kadist Foundation (Paris, France), ''This is Utopia, to Some'', 2018<ref name=":2" /> * ''A Lone'', installed adjacent to Capitol Hill Link rail station within city-wide project, Seattle WA, 2018<ref name=":2" /> * Gordon Robichaux (New York), ''A Page from My Intimate Journal (Part 1)'', 2018<ref name=":2" /> * Tokyo Photographic Art Museum (Tokyo, Japan), Yebisu International Festival for Art and Alternative Visions 2018, ''Mapping the Invisible'', 2018<ref name=":2" /> * ICA Institute of Contemporary Art Boston (Boston MA), ''Art in the Age of the Internet, 1989 to Today'', 2018<ref name=":2" /> * The Shed (New York), ''Manual Override'', 2019<ref name=":2" /> * Yuz Museum (Shanghai, China), tongewölbe T25 (Ingolstadt, Germany), ''In Production: Art and the Studio System'', 2019<ref name=":2" /> * Stony Island Arts Bank (Chicago IL), ''In the Absence of Light: Gesture, Humor and Resistance in The Black Aesthetic: Selections from the Beth Rudin DeWoody Collection'', 2019<ref name=":2" /> * Yerba Buena Center for the Arts (San Francisco CA), ''The Body Electric'', 2019<ref name=":2" /> * Luma Westbau, (Zürich Switzerland), ''It's Urgent! – Part II'', 2019<ref name=":2" /> * Gladstone Gallery (New York), ''Dry Land'', 2019<ref name=":2" /> * Hammer Museum (Los Angeles), ''Celebration of Our Enemies: Selections from the Hammer Contemporary Collection'', 2019<ref name=":2" /> * Los Angeles, ''The Foundation of the Museum: MOCA's Collection, Museum of Contemporary Art'', 2019<ref name=":2" /> * R & Company (New York), ''Chairs Beyond Right & Wrong'', 2019<ref name=":2" /> * Whitney Museum of American Art (New York), ''Whitney Biennial 2019'', 2019<ref name=":2" /> * Schinkel Pavillon (Berlin, Germany), ''Straying from the Line'', 2019<ref name=":2" /> * FuturDome (Milan, Italy), ''Hypertimes'', 2019<ref name=":2" /> * Lismore Castle Arts (Waterford, Ireland), ''Palimpsest'', 2019<ref name=":2" /> * Walker Art Centre (Minneapolis MN), ''The Body Electric'', 2019<ref name=":2" /> * ICA Institute of Contemporary Art at University of Pennsylvania (Philadelphia PA), ''Colored People Time: Mundane Futures'', 2019<ref name=":2" /> * MDC MOAD Miami Dade College Museum of Art and Design (Miami FL), ''The Body Electric'', 2020<ref name=":2" /> * The Luminary online (St. Louis MO), ''Self Maintenance Resource Center 2020'', 2020<ref name=":2" /> * TOWER MMK, MMK Frankfurt, (Frankfurt am Main Germany), ''Sammlung'', 2020<ref name=":2" /> * Gucci x Daelim Museum (Seoul, South Korea), ''No Space, Just a Place. Eterotopia'', 2020<ref name=":2" /> * Auckland Art Gallery (Auckland, New Zealand), ''Honestly Speaking: The Word, the Body and the Internet'', 2020<ref name=":2" /> * de Young Museum (San Francisco CA), ''Uncanny Valley: Being Human in the Age of AI'', 2020<ref name=":2" /> * Princeton University (Princeton NJ), ''William Greaves, Sondra Perry, Martine Syms,'' organized by Martine Syms, 2020<ref name=":2" /> * MIT List Visual Arts Center (Cambridge MA), ''Colored People Time: Mundane Futures, Quotidian Pasts, Banal Presents'', 2020<ref name=":2" /> * Mary Porter Sesnon Art Gallery, UC University California Santa Cruz (Santa Cruz CA), ''We Are Not Aliens: Arthur Jafa, Martine Syms, and Afro-Futurism 2.0'', as part of ''Beyond the End of the World: Approaches in Contemporary Art Seminar'', 2020<ref name=":2" /> == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} == Ọgụgụ ọzọ == * Hunt, Amanda. "Martine Syms." a ''perture: Magazine nke Photography na echiche.'' Ed. Michael Famighetti. New York: Aperture Foundation, 2016. 132–137. * * St. Félix, Doreen. " [https://www.newyorker.com/culture/persons-of-interest/how-to-be-a-successful-black-woman?mbid=nl_170708_Daily&CNDID=46037684&spMailingID=11432571&spUserID=MTY2ODIxMzQyOTk4S0&spJobID=1200684804&spReportId=MTIwMDY4NDgwNAS2 Otu esi abụ nwanyị ojii na-aga nke ọma] ." ''New Yorker'', Julaị 8, 2018. eweghachiri August 11, 2020. == Njikọ mpụga == * [https://www.martinesy.ms/ Webụsaịtị gọọmentị] * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TsJan9FHjKc Martine Syms | Otu esi ahụ ọrụ 106 na Martine Syms, Museum of Modern Art] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20170205121010/http://www.flashartonline.com/2015/03/k-hole-and-martine-syms-on-new-museum-triennial-new-york/ Flashartonline.com] * [http://archive.kchungradio.org/2014-01-08/Artists_At_Work-01.08.2014.mp3 Archive.kchungradio.org] * [https://vimeo.com/109255291 Vimeo.com] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20221209130559/https://dominica.la/pages/info Mbipụta Dominica] {{Authority control}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] bzgcvrms30xdzgaaqk15a3qpjmgsrg1 0 47878 696431 174445 2026-08-02T19:52:23Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 696431 wikitext text/x-wiki   Justin Bua bụ onye na-ese ihe, onye edemede, ọkà okwu na onye ọchụnta ego.  Ọ na-ebi ugbu a na Texas ma onye a kacha mara amara maka ihe ọrụ egwu egwu ya nke ndị na-egwu egwu, DJ na ihe odide yiri ya bụ ndị na-enyere aka mpaghara obodo.. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/jasonborbet/2015/10/14/price-ranges-and-studio-images-of-14-contemporary-artists/#6956d14b2b5d|title=Price Ranges And Studio Images Of 14 Contemporary Artists|author=Borbet|first=Jason T.|work=[[Forbes]]|accessdate=August 4, 2016}}</ref> == Ndụ mmalite na agụmakwụkwọ == Bua tolitere na Upper West kpa nke New York City n'oge egwu elu nke graffiti na ndụ ndụ nke visceral nke obodo ahụ masịrị ya.  [1] Bua gara Manhattan's Fiorello H. LaGuardia High School of Music and Performing Arts wee mejuo njikọ ya n'okporo ụzọ site na ide graffiti na iji ndị ọrụ ịgba egwu na-eme ihe n'ụwa niile.  Ọ gara n'ihu na Art Centre College of Design na Pasadena, California, ebe ọ ike BFA na ihe atụ ma onyeere ihe osise na Mahadum Southern California afọ iri </link><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2024)">a chọrọ nkọwa</span>]]'' &#x5D;</sup> == Ọma Art == Ụdị ihe atụ iche nke Bua na- calaamad oge ochie ya na n'ụdị ya na graffiti, ịgba egwu na egwu ibi na New York City.  [1] Ihe ndị dị na ụzọ ya sitere na ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị a ma ama, dị ka Snoop Dogg na Muhammad Ali, na ndị na- ipa aha wepụrụ site na ịkpọ ya, ịkpọ DJ na onye na-egwu guitar nke a mara ya.  nke ọma.  [2] Ihe mkpagbu Bua ọ alụla nwere oke n'ime obodo mepere emepe nke ọ na-ese, a na-eke aka ma ọ bụ aka tolitere, na-emesi ike n'ọgbọ egwuregwu ahụ.  [3] Bua egwu n'ụwa niile ma, ya na ihe omume 2011 na Los Angeles County Museum of Art. . <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://laimyours.com/6452/justin-bua-and-the-king-dmc-at-lacma/|title=Justin Bua And The King DMC At LACMA {{!}} Los Angeles, I'm Yours|work=laimyours.com|accessdate=August 4, 2016|archivedate=August 9, 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160809090850/http://laimyours.com/6452/justin-bua-and-the-king-dmc-at-lacma/}}</ref> Dị ka onye na-ese ihe "maka ndị mmadụ, ndị mmadụ, nke ndị mmadụ," ndị na-akwado Bua dị iche iche na sitere na ndị isi oche mbụ, ndị na-eme ihe nkiri, ndị na-egwu egwu, ndị ọkachamara na-eme egwuregwu, ndị na-agba egwú, na ụmụaka n'okporo ámá na ndị na-eme ihe nkiri. <ref name=":0">{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2007/04/29/arts/design/29nava.html|title=Justin Bua - Artist - Los Angeles|author=Navarro|first=Mireya|date=April 29, 2007|work=The New York Times|accessdate=July 18, 2016}}</ref> == Art nka == N'ịmepụta aha ya na ụwa nke azụmahịa nka, Bua emebela ma ebe ọtụtụ ndị na-akpọ skateboards, ụbọchị album CD, uwe na mgbasa ozi mgbasa ozi, na ọ jere ozi dị ka onye so na Kọmitii Ndụmọdụ Stamp Citizens dị ka onye ahụmahụ nke  ụlọ ọrụ ahụ.  United States Postmaster General .  [1] Ọ na-ekwukwara echiche echiche-aga nke ọma na ụwa egwu, usoro mmeghe nke usoro ihe nkiri nkiri nkiri MTV sketch-comedy, The Lyricist Lounge Show (2000 – 2001), egwuregwu vidiyo EA Sports NBA Street (2001),  NFL Street (2004), vidiyo egwu na-enweta ihe nrite Slum Village Tainted na Toyota's Long Beach Grand Prix nyere. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=http://rogallery.com/Bua/Bua-bio.htm|title=Justin Bua - Biography|work=rogallery.com|accessdate=July 18, 2016}}</ref> == Na-ekwu okwu na ịzụ ahịa == Na Julaị 2013 Bua ghọrọ onye na-ese ihe mbụ malitere ụlọ akwụkwọ ntanetị na ArtistWorks, na-enye ụmụ akwụkwọ ohere gburugburu ụwa nke ahụmịhe dị iche iche ka ha mụọ usoro ọmụmụ ya wee na-emekọrịta ihe dijitalụ site na mgbanwe vidiyo. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://artistworks.com/how-to-draw-justin-bua|title=Learn How To Draw with Justin BUA|work=artistworks.com|accessdate=July 18, 2016|archivedate=July 20, 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160720181604/http://artistworks.com/how-to-draw-justin-bua}}</ref> N'afọ 2013, Bua na onye na-ahụ maka nri na-edozi ahụ bụ David Wolfe, aka ọmụmụ ihe na- mannye nri, igwe anwụghị anwụ. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://kristensraw.com/blog/2012/11/08/immortal-machine-protein-shake-i-love-you/|title=Immortal Machine – Protein Shake|accessdate=August 4, 2016}}</ref> </link><sup class="noprint Inline-Template noprint noexcerpt Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="blog (February 2024)">ka mma<span typeof="mw:Entity">&</nowiki>nbsp;<nowiki></span></nowiki>isi iyi<nowiki><span typeof="mw:Entity">&</nowiki>nbsp;<nowiki></span></nowiki>achọrọ<nowiki></span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> Na 2015, onye na-ese ihe, akara ma bụrụ onye na-ihe maka Oxygen Channel 's "Street Art Throw Down" nke nọmba graffiti na ndị na-ese ihe n'okporo ụzọ ámá, Lady Pink, Ron English na  Mear One, dị ka ndị ikpe ọbịa. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.oxygen.com/street-art-throwdown/photos/street-art-portfolio-justin-bua|title=Street Art Portfolio: Justin BUA|date=March 2, 2015|accessdate=July 18, 2016}}</ref> == Akwụkwọ akụkọ == * Bua, Justin (2011). ''Akụkọ mgbe ochie nke Hip Hop.'' Obodo New York: Harper Design. <ref>{{Cite book|author=Bua|first=Justin|title=The Legends of Hip Hop|publisher=Harper Design; Illustrated edition (October 15, 2011)|year=2011|isbn=978-0061854972|language=English}}</ref> * <ref>Chideya,Farai, [https://www.npr.org/templates/transcript/transcript.php?storyId=94825237 "Justin Bua Chronicles 'Beat Of Urban Art"], ''NPR Books'',September 19, 2008</ref> == Ọnụnọ na Auction == Na 2017, Bua bụ onye na-ese ihe na Artsy na-erite uru na American Civil Liberties Union.. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://m.artsy.net/auction/street-art-for-aclu-benefit-auction-2017|title=Street Art for ACLU: Benefit Auction 2017 {{!}} Artsy|work=m.artsy.net|accessdate=May 4, 2017}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://artforsocialaction.com/2017/04/26/street-art-for-aclu-benefit-auction-2017/|title=Street Art for ACLU: Benefit Auction 2017|date=April 26, 2017|work=Art for Social Action|accessdate=April 2, 2018|language=en-US}}</ref> == Hụkwa ==   * Ndepụta nke Fiorello H. LaGuardia High School alumni * Ndepụta ndị si Brooklyn * Ndepụta ndị na-ese ihe n'okporo ámá * Ndepụta nke ndị mmadụ na Mahadum Southern California == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * Official website * [https://web.archive.org/web/20160720181604/http://artistworks.com/how-to-draw-justin-bua Online Art School with Justin BUA] [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] hym4oeaai4uf1vn1f8gyv7a3f3l1m21 0 47993 696422 671452 2026-08-02T15:27:05Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 696422 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}  '''Jaron Marquis Garrett''' (amuru July 8, 1983), mara amara site na aha ogbo ya '''Jaron Marquis''' ma obu '''J. Marquis''', bu onye omekorita America, onye omere, onye ọchụnta ego na onye na-etinye ego dabere na Los Angeles. O mebere Dreamapolis, ihe mmalite mmalite nke Indianapolis, yana akara ndekọ onwe ya Urban Genius Entertainment. Dị ka onye na-eme ihe nkiri, o meela n'ọrụ ihe nkiri gụnyere ''Furious 7'' na ''Straight Outta Compton'' . == Ndụ mbido == A mụrụ Marquis na Indianapolis wee gụchaa ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị Arsenal na 2001. Ọ nwetara nzere bachelọ nke nka na itinye uche na azụmaahịa na sayensị pastoral sitere na Mahadum steeti Indiana na 2005. Mgbe ahụ ọ kwagara Chicago wee nweta [[Master nke Nchịkwa Azụmaahịa|MBA]] na Mahadum Benedictine . <ref name="Indiana">{{Cite web|url=http://www.indianaeconomicdigest.net/main.asp?SectionID=31&SubSectionID=62&ArticleID=36379|title=Young developer, towering dream for downtown Indianapolis|publisher=Indiana Economic Digest|author=Cory Schouten|date=9 September 2007|accessdate=21 March 2017|archivedate=24 September 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924034405/http://www.indianaeconomicdigest.net/main.asp?SectionID=31&SubSectionID=62&ArticleID=36379}}</ref> <ref name="Journal2">{{Cite web|url=http://www.tmcnet.com/usubmit/2013/03/29/7026252.htm|title=Urban biz accelerator giving leg up to startups|publisher=Indianapolis Business Journal (through TMC.net)|date=29 March 2013|accessdate=21 March 2017}}</ref> Mgbe afọ iri gachara n'afọ nke ọ malitere ịzụ ahịa azụmaahịa na itinye ego, Marquis laghachiri ụlọ ọrụ egwu na 2014 n'okpuru aha J. Marquis na ntọhapụ nke mixtape akpọrọ ''Soul of A Genius'' . <ref name="Genius">{{Cite web|url=https://genius.com/albums/Jaron-marquis/Mixtape-soul-of-a-genius|title=Mixtape: Soul of A Genius|publisher=Genius|accessdate=22 March 2017}}</ref> Ngwakọta ahụ gụnyere ndị otu "Anyị niile Rant" na "Dịka Mmiri" na-egosi Lauryn Hill . <ref name="Tube">{{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IhepTgptuIA|title=Just Like Water Re-plugged J.Marquis featuring Lauryn Hill|publisher=YouTube|date=21 August 2014|accessdate=22 March 2017}}</ref> <ref name="Spotify">{{Cite web|url=https://play.spotify.com/album/6g0OPkrzptG55gb0ZTTXaR?play=true|title=We All Rant by J. Marquis|date=November 21, 2014|publisher=Spotify|accessdate=22 March 2017}}</ref> N'afọ 2016, ọ malitere ịme na ịdekọ n'okpuru aha ya bụ Jaron Marquis na mwepụta nke otu "otuto". <ref name="iTunes">{{Cite web|url=https://itunes.apple.com/us/artist/jaron-marquis/id1148686809|title=Jaron Marquis|publisher=iTunes|accessdate=21 March 2017}}</ref> Marquis kọwara egwu ya dị ka "ịhapụ kọleji [[Kanyé West|Kanye]] na mmetụ nke Janelle Monáe ." <ref name="Purple">{{Cite web|url=http://purplebars.com/spotlight-interview-jaron-marquis/|title=Spotlight Interview: Jaron Marquis|publisher=Purple Bars|author=Trish Wallace|date=24 September 2016|accessdate=21 March 2017}}</ref> == Ọrụ azụmahịa == Marquis tọrọ ntọala ụlọ ọrụ, JJ Marquis Investment Group LLC, wee malite ime ezigbo ala na ụlọ oge niile na 2006. Otu afọ ka e mesịrị, ọ nwetara $30&nbsp;nde oru ngo maka ụlọ elu nwere okpukpu iri abụọ na ise nke a ga-ewu n'ime ụlọ dara ada n'ime obodo Indianapolis. Otú ọ dị, ọrụ ahụ emezughị, a kagbuola atụmatụ iwu ụlọ.<ref name="Indiana" /> <ref name="Journal">{{Cite web|url=http://www.ibj.com/blogs/3-property-lines/post/1377-r-i-p-marquis-tower|title=R.I.P. Marquis Tower?|publisher=Indianapolis Business Journal|author=Cory Schouten|date=3 October 2007|accessdate=21 March 2017}}</ref> Ọ bụ onye ikpeazụ OnyxFest na 2012. <ref name="Fringe">{{Cite web|url=http://www.indyfringe.org/onyxfest|title=OnyxFest|publisher=Indyfringe|date=2016|accessdate=21 March 2017}}</ref> Ọ na-eduzi ''Betsy na E. 10th Street'', egwuregwu nke Indianapolis Urban Theater and Dance Company, ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe nkiri nke ọ kwadoro. Ọ rụkwara otu n'ime ọrụ ndị bụ isi. A toro egwuregwu ahụ maka ịse akụkọ ya site na ndụ onye agha Vietnam na onye bụbu Black Panther . Marquis weputara akara ndekọ onwe ya Urban Genius Entertainment na 2013 wee malite ịdekọ egwu ọhụrụ na 2014. <ref name="IMDb3">{{Cite web|url=https://www.imdb.com/company/co0490137/|title=Urban Genius Entertainment|publisher=IMDb|accessdate=21 March 2017}}</ref> == Ndụ nkeonwe == Marquis lụrụ nwanyị ma nwee ụmụ nwanyị atọ. Ọ na-ebi ugbu a ma na-arụ ọrụ na Los Angeles. <ref name="Purple"/> == Ihe ngosi == === Ndị na-alụbeghị di === {| class="wikitable" ! align="left" |Afọ ! align="left" | Aha <ref name="iTunes"/> ! align="left" | Labelụ |- | rowspan="2" | 2016 | Ụka | rowspan="3" | Urban Genius Entertainment |- | Baby Ee |- | 2017 | Nke ahụ bụ N *** a |- |} {| class="wikitable" ! align="left" |Afọ ! align="left" | Aha |- | 2014 | ''Mkpụrụ obi nke Genius'' |- |} == Ihe nkiri == {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable" style="margin-right: 0;" ! scope="col" |Afọ ! scope="col" | Aha <ref name="IMDb">{{Cite web|url=https://www.imdb.com/name/nm6210967/|title=Jaron Marquis Garrett|publisher=IMDb|accessdate=21 March 2017}}</ref> ! scope="col" | Ọrụ ! scope="col" | Ihe ndetu |- | 2007 | ''Nwa agbọghọ dị nzuzu'' | Bobby | |- | 2010 | ''Antihero'' | Onye ala ọzọ | nkenke |- | rowspan="3" | 2015 | ''HitRecord na TV'' | onwe ya | nakwa: onye na-ede egwú na onye na-agụ egwú |- | ''Iwe 7'' | LA Street Racer | akwụghị ụgwọ |- | ''Outta Compton kwụ ọtọ'' | Onye na-ere uwe elu | akwụghị ụgwọ |- |} == Ntụaka == Company, ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe nkiri nke ọ kwadoro. Ọ rụkwara otu n'ime ọrụ ndị bụ isi. A toro egwuregwu ahụ maka ịse akụkọ ya{{Reflist|3}} == Njikọ mpụga == * Official website [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] r35pzmaveiu7jbtqs6yylcxl6oppowp 0 48367 696454 515408 2026-08-03T04:11:50Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 696454 wikitext text/x-wiki   {{Databox}}'''Luisah Teish''' ( /t iː ʃ / TEESH ; <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fgesG5Hs5vU&list=PL2A81FB8C7FD4F591&index=1|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20201027073825/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fgesG5Hs5vU&list=PL2A81FB8C7FD4F591&index=1|archivedate=2020-10-27|title=Growing up in New Orleans; Learning from Elders; Connecting with Spirit (Part 1/7)|work=[[YouTube]]|accessdate=22 October 2020}}</ref> nke a makwaara dị ka '''Iyanifa Fajembola Fatunmise''' ) <ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=q4kBbOOWRDsC&pg=PA91|title=Women and New and Africana Religions|author=Lillian Ashcraft-Eason|publisher=ABC-CLIO|year=2010|isbn=978-0-275-9915-62}}</ref> bụ onye nkuzi <ref>Malka Drucker. [[iarchive:whitefireportrai0000druc/page/68|''White Fire: A Portrait of Women Spiritual Leaders in America'']]. SkyLight Paths Publishing, 2003</ref> na onye ode akwụkwọ, ọkachasị nke ''Jambalaya: Akwụkwọ nke nwanyị okike nke Charms na Practical Rituals.'' <ref name="casey">Casey, Laura. "There's magic between plants, food and beauty". ''[[Oakland Tribune]]'' [Oakland, Calif] 28 Oct 2006: 1.</ref> Ọ bụ onye Iyanifa na onye isi Ọshun n'omenala Lucumi [[Ndi Yoruba|ndị Yoruba]] . <ref name="casey" /> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://greatmotherconference.org/speakers/luisah-teish/|title=Luisah Teish|work=Great Mother and New Father Conference|accessdate=September 20, 2016|archivedate=November 27, 2024|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20241127105358/https://greatmotherconference.org/speakers/luisah-teish/}}</ref> == Ndụ == Luisah Teish bụ onye Africa-America, amụrụ na New Orleans, [[Luwisiánà|Louisiana]] . Nna ya, Wilson Allen, Sr. bụ onye Episcopal Methodist nke Africa nke nne na nna ya bụụrụ ndị ohu ọgbọ abụọ na naanị otu ọgbọ pụọ na ịgba ohu. Nne ya, Serena "Rene" Allen, bụ onye Katọlik, nke Haitian, French, na Choctaw nketa. Nna nna ya gụnyekwara [[Ndi Yoruba|Yoruba West African]] . <ref name="rountree">Kathryn Rountree. ''Embracing the Witch and the Goddess: Feminist Ritual-Makers in New Zealand''. Routledge 2003. Quote: "In 1992 Luisah Teish, who is well known internationally in Goddess circles as a writer and ritual-maker, visited New Zealand. Teish is of Yoruba (West African) ancestry, although she was born and raised in New Orleans. She was the guest facilitator at residential weekend workshops in Auckland and Hamilton dedicated to exploring sensuality and creativity in ritual contexts. Her book Jambalaya: The Natural Woman’s Book of Personal Charms and Practical Rituals (1985) is well known among feminist witches in New Zealand"</ref> N'ọgwụgwụ 1960s, Teish bụ onye ịgba egwu na otu Katherine Dunham, ebe ọ mụtara ma mee egwu ọdịnala Africa na Caribbean. <ref name="albert">{{Cite journal|author=Albert|first=Mimi|date=January 1987|title=Luisah Teish - Yoruba priestess, psychic channel, storyteller, shaman - describes her return to the goddesses and gods of her West African spiritual roots.|journal=Yoga Journal|volume=72|pages=33–35|issn=0191-0965|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=D-wDAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA33}}</ref> Mgbe ọ hapụsịrị ụlọ ọrụ ịgba egwu, ọ ghọrọ onye na-egwu egwu na St. Louis. Na 1969 ọ sonyeere Fahami Temple nke Amun-Ra, ma ọ bụ ebe a ka ọ kpọrọ aha "Luisah Teish", nke pụtara "mmụọ na-akpali akpali". <ref name="albert" /> <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://noetic.org/directory/person/luisah-teish |title=Directory, Institute of Noetic Sciences: Luisah Teish, wuote: "In 1969 she received initiation into the Fahamme Temple of Amun-Ra in St. Louis, Missouri." |accessdate=2024-06-16 |archivedate=2016-05-08 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160508133308/http://www.noetic.org/directory/person/luisah-teish }}</ref> Ọ duru ndị otu egwu egwu nke Black Artists Group (BAG) na St. Louis mgbe ọpụpụ nke onye ndu ịgba egwu mbụ nke BAG, Georgia Collins. N'ọgwụgwụ 1970s ọ ghọrọ onye mmalite na onye ụkọchukwu nke okpukpe Lucumi, <ref name="albert"/> wee malite ịkụziri ụmụ akwụkwọ na 1977. <ref>Greta S. Gaard. ''Ecological Politics: Ecofeminists and the Greens''. Temple University Press, 1998</ref> Ọ na-ebi ugbu a na Oakland, [[California]] . <ref>Aikens, Charles. "Teish Says Oakland Deserves To Be Saved". ''[[California Voice]]'' [Oakland, Calif] 08 Dec 1991: 4.</ref> <ref name="eason">Lillian Ashcraft-Eason. [https://books.google.com/books?id=q4kBbOOWRDsC&pg=PA129&dq=%22Luisah+Teish%22 ''Women and New and Africana Religions''], ABC-CLIO, 2010, pg. 129</ref> Teish ekwuola, "Omenala m na-eme ememe nke ukwuu - a na-enwekarị egwu, egwu egwu, egwu na nri na ọrụ anyị - yana nkwanye ùgwù maka ụmụaka. Ọ na-atọ ụtọ yana ntụgharị uche." <ref name="albert"/> == Akwụkwọ akụkọ == e na-egwu egwu na St. Louis. Na 1969 ọ sonyeere Fahami Temple nke Amun-Ra, ma ọ bụ ebe a ka ọ kpọrọ aha "Luisah Teish", nke * ''Ihe na-adịghị egbu egbu bụ fattening: Abụ nke Luisah Teish'' (1980) Fan Tree Press ASIN: B0007BJRRE * ''Jambalaya: Akwụkwọ nke nwanyị okike nke amara onwe onye na mmemme bara uru'' (1988) HarperOne  ,  * ''Ememe nke Mmụọ Nsọ: Ememme Oge na Ememe nke ngafe'' (1994) Harpercollins  ,  <ref>"NEW IN PAPERBACK", ''[[Washington Post]]'',[Washington, D.C] 15 Jan 1995: x.12.</ref> * ''Mkpụrụ obi n'etiti ahịrị: ịtọhapụ mmụọ okike gị site na ide'' (ya na Dorothy Randall Grey) (1998) Akwụkwọ Avon  ,  * ''Anya nke Oké Ifufe'' (1998) EP Dutton  ,  * ''Bilie elu: Oge dị mma n'oge niile na mmemme sitere na gburugburu ụwa'' (2000) Conari Press  ,  * ''Ihe na-adịghị egbu egbu na-eletaghachi: Afọ iri abụọ nke abụ, prose, na akụkọ ifo'' (2002) Orikire Publications * ''Zulu Shaman: Nrọ, Amụma, na ihe omimi'' (ya na Vusamazulu Credo Mutwa na Stephen Larsen) (2003) Akwụkwọ akara aka (New Edition ''of the Stars'' )  ,  == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 9nv09i2jadzp3mcpv1solra7hv96toq 0 48556 696447 515493 2026-08-03T02:45:43Z CommonsDelinker 87 Removing [[:c:File:Voxal_(Declaration)_sculpture_by_artist_Mark_di_Suvero_located_in_Venice,_a_beachfront_district_on_the_Westside_of_Los_Angeles,_California_LCCN2013632382.tif|Voxal_(Declaration)_sculpture_by_artist_Mark_di_Suvero_located_in_Venice,_a_be 696447 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Mark di Suvero (1978).jpg|thumb|Mark di Suvero]] Marco Polo di Suvero (amuru na September 18, 1933), [1] mara amara dika Mark di Suvero, bu onye nkwuputa ihe ihe na onye nnata nrite mba nke 2010. == Ndụ mmalite na agụmakwụkwọ == A Mụrụ Suvero na Shanghai, China, nye Matilde Millo di Suvero na Vittorio di Suvero (nke e ihu mara dị ka Victor E.), ndị Ịtali abụọ sitere na Sephardic Juu.  [1] [2] [3] [4] Ọ bụ otu n'ime oghere anọ, ọkpara bụ Victor di Suvero .  [1] Nna ya bụ onye na-akwado ndị agha mmiri US maka ịtali, ahụ bikwa na Shanghai ruo mgbe nna ya kwagara Tientsin oge ka a mụsịrị nwa nkeji ikpeazụ na 1936. <ref name="whitney">{{Cite book|author=Monte|first=James K.|date=November 1975|title=Mark di Suvero|url=https://archive.org/stream/markdisuvero00disu#page/n0/mode/1up|location=[[New York City]], [[New York (state)|New York]]|publisher=[[Whitney Museum of American Art]]|accessdate=March 9, 2015}}</ref> Mgbe Agha mmetụta nke ịhụ tiwapụrụ, di Suvero ya na akara ya kwagara San Francisco na February 1941 n'ime Onye isi ala SS Cleveland.. <ref name="si1">{{Cite web|url=http://www.aaa.si.edu/collections/mark-di-suvero-and-di-suvero-family-papers-11585/more#biohist|title=Mark di Suvero and di Suvero family papers, 1934-2005|work=aaa.si.edu|publisher=[[Archives of American Art]]|accessdate=March 9, 2015}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[http://www.aaa.si.edu/collections/mark-di-suvero-and-di-suvero-family-papers-11585/more#biohist "Mark di Suvero and di Suvero family papers, 1934-2005"]. ''aaa.si.edu''. [[Archives nke American Art|Archives of American Art]]<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 9,</span> 2015</span>.</cite></ref> <ref name="si2"/> <ref name="whitney"/> <ref name="ledger">{{Cite news|date=July 16, 1978|title=Mark di Suvero, Art World's 'Last Heroic Figure'|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=iZJNAAAAIBAJ&pg=3444%2C5060385|work=[[The Ledger]]|pages=37–38|accessdate=March 9, 2015}}</ref> <ref name="sfmoma">{{Cite web|url=http://www.sfmoma.org/about/press/press_exhibitions/releases/947|title=NEW PARTNERSHIP LAUNCHES SFMOMA'S OFF-SITE PROGRAMMING WITH MAJOR OUTDOOR EXHIBITION OF MARK DI SUVERO'S SCULPTURES NEAR GOLDEN GATE BRIDGE|date=December 12, 2012|work=sfmoma.org|publisher=[[San Francisco Museum of Modern Art]]|accessdate=March 9, 2015|archivedate=September 24, 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924100838/http://www.sfmoma.org/about/press/press_exhibitions/releases/947}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">. ''sfmoma.org''. [[San Francisco Museum of Modern Art]]. December 12, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 9,</span> 2015</span>.</cite></ref> <ref name="heinz"/> Di Suvero gara mgbe Mahadum City nke San Francisco site na 1953 ruo 1954, wee gaa Mahadum California, Santa Barbara site na 1954 ruo 1955. Ọ pụtara ihe ọkpụkpụ ọ nọ na Mahadum California, Santa Barbara mgbe ọ mara na ya ike inye inye onyinye.  mbụ mbụ nke isi nkà ihe omume ya.  Ọ Mahadum na Mahadum California, Berkeley wee gụchaa ya na BA na nkà ihe na 1957. <ref name="si1"/> <ref name="si2"/> <ref name="sfmoma"/> <ref name="heinz"/> == Ọrụ == Mgbe ọ ọmụmụ akwụkwọ na akwụkwọ, di Suvero kwagara New York City na 1957 ka ọ malite ọrụ dị ka onye na-akpụ ihe.  Ọ na-arụ ọrụ nwa oge na-ewu ụlọ wee agha osisi na osisi sitere na ebe a na-akwatu ihe n'akwa ya.. <ref name="si2"/> <ref name="heinz"/> Di Suvero matsayin amara n'etiti ndị nka site na ihe ngosi mbụ ya na Green Gallery na Manhattan na ike nke 1960. Onye nchịkọta akụkọ nke Arts Magazine dere, sị, "Site ugbu a, ọ dịghị ihe ga-abụ otu. Otu.  chere na nke a na di Suvero si show.Nke a bụ otu ọrụ n'otu oge nke ike na-achị isi, ya mere raw na dị ọcha, dị mma na gburugburu, na ọ bụ ya ga-mgbanwe mgbanwe mbụ anyị" <ref name="nytimes playful">Hilton Kramer, [https://www.nytimes.com/1976/01/25/archives/a-playful-storm-of-sculpture-to-a-new-york-uncertain-of-its-future.html A playful storm of sculpture], ''Nytimes.com'', 25 January 1976</ref> Na Machị 26, 1960, mgbe ọ na-arụ ọrụ n’ebe a na-ewu ihe owuwu, o ji aka na ihe ike mbulu elu dị nso na-egbu egbu, nke butere mgbaji azụ na nnukwu ụlọ n’ọkpụkpụ azụ.  Ndị ọrịa na-akpa ọrịa na mbụ ọrịa na ọrịrị enwe ike ịga ije ọzọ.  Otú ọ dị, mgbe a na-emezigharị ya, ọ na-edekọ ọrụ na onye na-agbapụta arc, bụ nke ọ na-eji mee ihe n'ikpeazụ.  Mgbake ya were apụ apụ.  N'afọ 1965, o nwere ike ịga ije n'ihe ngosi.  Ọ bụ otu n'ime ndị na-ese ihe 16 na-egosi na ihe mere eme nke obi ike: Ndị na-ese ihe iche iche, akwụkwọ nke ihe ihe ahụ na-egosi sochirinụ o nwere na-emepụta ya. <ref name="si2">{{Cite web|url=http://americanart.si.edu/collections/search/artist/?id=1279|title=Mark di Suvero Luce Artist Biography|work=aaa.si.edu|publisher=[[Archives of American Art]]|accessdate=March 9, 2015}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[http://americanart.si.edu/collections/search/artist/?id=1279 "Mark di Suvero Luce Artist Biography"]. ''aaa.si.edu''. [[Archives nke American Art|Archives of American Art]]<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 9,</span> 2015</span>.</cite></ref> <ref name="whitney"/> <ref name="sfmoma"/> <ref name="heinz">{{Cite web|url=http://www.heinzawards.net/recipients/mark-di-suvero|title=Heinz Awards Mark di Suvero biography|work=heinzawards.net|publisher=[[Heinz Foundations]]|accessdate=March 9, 2015}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[http://www.heinzawards.net/recipients/mark-di-suvero "Heinz Awards Mark di Suvero biography"]. ''heinzawards.net''. [[Ntọala Heinz|Heinz Foundations]]<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 9,</span> 2015</span>.</cite></ref> Di Suvero bụ onye ntọala nke Park Place Gallery na 1963 ya na Forrest Myers, Leo Valledor, Peter Forakis, na ndị ọzọ.  Ndị egwu ihe ngosi nka mechiri na Julaị 1967. <ref name="heinz"/> <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.aaa.si.edu/exhibitions/paula-cooper|title=Art and Space: Park Place and the beginning of the Paula Cooper Gallery|author=Kirwin|first=Liza|work=aaa.si.edu|publisher=[[Smithsonian Institution]] [[Archives of American Art]]|accessdate=March 10, 2015}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://blantonmuseum.org/exhibitions/details/reimagining_space_the_park_place_gallery_group_in_1960s_new_york/|title=Reimagining Space: The Park Place Gallery Group in 1960s New York|work=blantonmuseum.org|publisher=[[Blanton Museum of Art]]|accessdate=March 10, 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402144228/http://blantonmuseum.org/exhibitions/details/reimagining_space_the_park_place_gallery_group_in_1960s_new_york/|archivedate=April 2, 2015}}</ref> Di Suvero mere ihe na Vietnam Agha, e jidere ugboro abụọ.  Ọ Louis United States na 1971. [1] [2] N'ime aa anɔ ọ dọọrọ onwe ya n'agha, o tara ọrụ na Netherlands na Germany, ekiri na Università Internazionale dell'Arte, wee biri na Chalon-sur-  Saône, France ebe ọ na-edobe otu n'ime ụlọ ihe nkiri ya na ụgbọ mmiri ruo 1989. [1] [3] [4] mmiri French ya, Rêve de signes, ka agbanweela La Vie des Formes, onye na-  ese ihe maka ndị na-ese ihe na-ahụ ihe, bụ nke a na-akpa na Montceau-les-Mines mọ 2009 <ref name="si1" /> <ref name="sculpture">{{Cite journal|author=Castro|first=Jan Garden|date=June 2005|title=To Make Meanings Real: A Conversation with Mark di Suvero|url=http://www.sculpture.org/documents/scmag05/june_05/disuvero/disuvero.shtml|journal=[[Sculpture (magazine)|Sculpture]]|volume=24|issue=5|accessdate=March 10, 2015}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|author=Roux|first=Camille|date=May 5, 2013|title=Bateau logement pour artistes|url=http://www.lejsl.com/edition-de-montceau-les-mines/2013/05/05/bateau-logement-pour-artistes|work=[[Le Journal de Saône-et-Loire]]|language=fr|accessdate=March 10, 2015}}</ref> Na 1975, e sere ihe ọkpụkpụ ya na Ogige Tuileries na Paris, [1] onye na-ese ihe mbụ ihe ngosi n'ebe ahụ.  [2] O mechara bụrụ United States wee bụrụ ụlọ nkiri na Petaluma, California na 1975. [3] Mgbe ụlọ ọrụ Petaluma ka na-arụ ọrụ, di Suvero kwagara New York City wee bụrụ ụlọ ọrụ ebe ahụ.. <ref name="wsj">{{Cite news|author=Dawson|first=Jessica|date=September 2, 2014|title=At 80, Sculptor Mark Di Suvero Is Still Mixing It Up in New York|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/at-80-sculptor-mark-di-suvero-is-still-mixing-it-up-in-new-york-1409714846|work=[[The Wall Street Journal]]|accessdate=March 9, 2015}}</ref> <ref name="petaluma">{{Cite news|author=Bennett|first=Don|date=June 5, 2013|title=Petaluma home to famous artist|url=http://www.petaluma360.com/csp/mediapool/sites/PressDemocrat/News/story.csp?page=0|work=[[The Press Democrat]]|accessdate=March 10, 2015}}</ref> N'afọ 1976, Whitney Museum of American Art na Manhattan nwere ihe ngosi nlegharị anya nke obere ihe owuwu di Suvero, ebe obodo New York ugboro ụfọdụ n'ime ihe ọkpụkpụ ya buru ibu na gburugburu obodo.  [1] Ewubere ihe ọkpụkpụ ya nke 1966, Otuto maka Elohim Adonai, n’ihu Ndị Seagram.  Na Jenụwarị 2024, arụnyere ọrụ ahụ kpamkpam n'ụdị David Chipperfield's East Building maka ụlọ ihe ngosi nka nke Saint Louis . Ọ ntọala Athena Foundation na 1977 na Socrates Sculpture Park na 1986, ha abụọ na-arụ ọrụ iji nyere ndị na-ese ihe aka.  [1] [2] N'afọ 2019, e si na France bufee mtempe ya akwụkwọ elu, E = MC 2 na Storm King Art Center dị na mgbago New York.. <ref name="npr joy">Karen Michell, [https://www.npr.org/2019/10/20/771413167/sculptor-mark-di-suvero-creates-joy-out-of-steel Sculptor Mark Di Suvero Creates Joy Out Of Steel], ''Npr.org'', 20 October 2019</ref> <ref name="theartnp skyhigh">Gabriella Angeleti, [https://www.theartnewspaper.com/news/storm-king-debuts-sky-high-sculpture-by-mark-di-suvero Storm King installs sky-high sculpture by Mark di Suvero], ''Theartnewspaper.com'', 17 July 2019</ref> == Ndụ onwe onye == Di Suvero bi na mpaghara Astoria nke Queens na New York City ya na-egosi nke abụọ, Kate D. Levin, onye ọ ngosi na 1993, na nwa ha ekiri.  [1] [2] Levin, onye bụbu onye nkuzi City College nke New York, jere ozi dị ka Kọmishana nke New York City Department of Cultural Affairs site na 2002 ruo 2013, ma ọrụ na ụmụaka Ed Koch na Michael Bloomberg .  [3] Di Suvero ngosibu onye na-ese ụlọ ụlọ Maria Teresa Caparrotta, bụ onye ọ zutere mgbe ọ bi na Italy, mana emechara gbaa gbara <ref name="si1" /> == Art == [[Usòrò:Bunyon's-Chess.jpg|thumb| ''Chess Bunyon'' na Park Sculpture Park na [[Seattle]]]] [[Usòrò:Entrance_Kröller-Müller_Museum.JPG|thumb| Ịbanye na Kröller-Müller Museum na ogige ihe ọkpụkpụ dị na Otterlo na Netherlands; n'azụ bụ K-ibe uhie nke di Suvero.]] Ọrụ mbụ ya bụ nnukwu iberibe n'èzí bụ ndị jikọtara osisi sitere na ụlọ ndị a na-akwatu ihe, taya, ígwè a kpụrụ akpụ, na ígwè arụrụ arụ. Nchọgharị a agbanweela ka oge na-aga ka ọ bụrụ ilekwasị anya na H-beams na efere ígwè dị arọ. Ọtụtụ n'ime iberibe ahụ nwere akụkụ nke ekwenyere ka ọ na-atụgharị ma na-atụgharị na-enye ụdị n'ozuzu ya ogo mmegharị ahụ. Ọ na-anya isi na aka ya na-aga n'ihu n'ichepụta na ntinye nke ọrụ ya. Di Suvero sụrụ ụzọ iji kreenị dị ka ngwá ọrụ ọkpụ akpụ. Eji ụdị ụdị ya na ike nke abstract mana ọ na-akpali ike nke egbochi nke ọma nke Russia.  Nrụkọba ndị ya na echiche nke mwube socialist nke utopian mana ọ dara mgbe Stalin na Hitler dara.  Di Suvero bụ onye mbụ na-ese ihe mgbe agha gachara iji tụte ahụ na-ewuli elu.  Enwere ike imetụ ihe ọkpụkpụ ahụ aka, ha na-ahụkwa nke ọma ka a rịgoro ya. <ref name="nytimes playful"/> Ụfọdụ n'ime ọrụ ya gụnyere: * ''Pre-Columbian'' (1964), acquired by the Fine Arts Museums of San Francisco in 2000 * ''Bunyon's Chess'' (1965) at Olympic Sculpture Park in [[Seattle]] * ''Poland'' (1966) at Lynden Sculpture Garden in Milwaukee<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.theartstory.org/artist/di-suvero-mark/|title=Mark di Suvero Artworks & Famous Sculptures|work=The Art Story|accessdate=2020-03-06}}</ref> * ''Are Years What? (for Marianne Moore)'' (1967) at Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden in [[Washington, D.C.]] * ''Snowplow'' (1968) at the Indianapolis Museum of Art in Indianapolis * ''Victor's Lament'' (1969-1970) * ''The Lovers'' (1971-1973) at Lynden Sculpture Garden in Milwaukee * ''For Handel'' (1975), Western Washington University, Bellingham, Washington<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://westerngallery.wwu.edu/mark-di-suvero-handel-1975|title=Mark di Suvero, For Handel, 1975}}</ref> * ''Inner Search'' (1980) in Minneapolis<ref name="Inner Search">{{Cite journal|author=Flanagan|first=Barbara|title=Artist welds his cold steel to steal sun|journal=Minneapolis Star|date=August 19, 1980|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/1879019510|accessdate=August 21, 2023|id={{ProQuest|1879019510}}}}<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles></ref> * ''The Calling'' (1981-1982) at O'Donnell Park in Milwaukee * ''Shoshone'' (1982), public art sculpture in the Bunker Hill section of [[Los Angeles]]<ref name="cra/la">{{Cite web|title=rt Projects Mark di Suvero: Shoshone 1982|url=http://www.crala.org/internet-site/Other/Art_Program/artist_list/mark_disuvero.cfm|publisher=Community Redevelopment Agency of the City of Los Angeles|accessdate=1 November 2020|archivedate=5 August 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200805044033/http://www.crala.org/internet-site/Other/Art_Program/artist_list/mark_disuvero.cfm}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Shoshone 1982|url=https://culturenow.org/entry%26permalink%3D07687%26seo%3DShoshone_Mark-di-Suvero-and-Community-Redevelopment-Agency-of-the-City-of-Los-Angeles-CRALA|publisher=Culture Now: Museum Without Walls|accessdate=1 November 2020|archivedate=5 October 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20221005182308/https://culturenow.org/entry%26permalink%3D07687%26seo%3DShoshone_Mark-di-Suvero-and-Community-Redevelopment-Agency-of-the-City-of-Los-Angeles-CRALA}}</ref> * ''Iroquois'' (1983) on the Benjamin Franklin Parkway in Philadelphia * Old Glory (1986)<ref>{{Cite web|author=Liu|first=Maura Gillan {{!}} Photos by Lani Hanson and James|date=2016-06-28|title=If the UNL sculptures could talk|url=https://www.dailynebraskan.com/visiting_unl/if-the-unl-sculptures-could-talk/article_0016af58-3cb8-11e6-94aa-f330ad14b00a.html|accessdate=2023-07-07|work=The Daily Nebraskan|language=en}}</ref> * ''Aurora'' (1992-1993), purchased by the National Gallery of Art in [[Washington, D.C.]] from Gagosian Gallery in 1996 * ''E=MC 2'' (1992-1993), moved from France to the Storm King Art Center in upstate New York in 2019, his largest piece so far. * ''Galileo'' (1996), acquired by the Daimler Art Collection in 1998 * ''Joie de Vivre'' (1998) in Zuccotti Park in Manhattan * ''Pax Jerusalemme'' (1998-1999) at the Legion of Honor in San Francisco * ''The Sieve of Eratosthenes'' (1999) at Stanford University in Stanford, California * ''Declaration'' (2001), a public art sculpture in Venice Beach in [[Los Angeles]]<ref name="LAL">{{Cite web|title=Declaration|url=https://declaration.lalouver.com|work=Declaration, L.A. Louver|accessdate=1 October 2023}}</ref><ref name="LoC">{{Cite web|title=Voxal (Declaration) sculpture by artist Mark di Suvero located in Venice, a beachfront district on the Westside of Los Angeles, California|url=https://www.loc.gov/item/2013632382/|work=Library of Congress|accessdate=1 October 2023}}</ref> * ''Orion'' (2006) at the University of Michigan Museum of Art at the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor, Michigan<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://exchange.umma.umich.edu/resources/25100|title=Exchange: Orion|work=exchange.umma.umich.edu|accessdate=2020-03-06|archivedate=2021-08-01|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210801051533/https://exchange.umma.umich.edu/resources/25100}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://umma.umich.edu/galleries/outdoor-sculpture|title=Outdoor Sculpture {{!}} University of Michigan Museum of Art|work=umma.umich.edu|accessdate=2020-03-06|archivedate=2020-04-06|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200406131815/https://umma.umich.edu/galleries/outdoor-sculpture}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://umma.umich.edu/content/orion-comes-home|title=ORION COMES HOME {{!}} University of Michigan Museum of Art|work=umma.umich.edu|accessdate=2020-03-06|archivedate=2021-02-24|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210224175232/https://umma.umich.edu/content/orion-comes-home}}</ref> * ''Clock Knot'' (2007) on the campus of the University of Texas at Austin in Austin, Texas<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://landmarks.utexas.edu/artwork/clock-knot|title=Clock Knot 2007|work=landmarks.utexas.edu|date=12 August 2008|publisher=[[The University of Texas at Austin]]|accessdate=October 1, 2016}}</ref> * ''Paintbrush'' (2009) on the campus of the Pratt Institute in Brooklyn Ihe osise na ọrụ Di Suvero bụ isiokwu nke ihe nkiri 1977, North Star: Mark di Suvero .  François De Menil nne Ihe nkiri a na onye ọkọchị ihe nne eme nka bụ Barbara Rose, my URL nke Philip Glass dere.  [1] [2] E ahụ ihe nkiri a dị ka DVD na 2012. <ref>{{Cite web|title=North Star: Mark di Suvero|work=DVD Verdict|url=http://www.dvdverdict.com/reviews/northstarmarkdisuvero.php|first=James A.|author=Stewart|date=April 19, 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150722203906/http://www.dvdverdict.com/reviews/northstarmarkdisuvero.php|archivedate=July 22, 2015}}</ref> Na May 2013, e sere ụfọdụ n'ime ihe ọkpụkpụ ya ma ama na Crissy Field na San Francisco.. <ref>[https://www.sfmoma.org/exhibition/mark-di-suvero-at-crissy-field/ Mark di Suvero at Crissy Field], ''Sfmoma.org'', May 2013</ref> == Ndị nkatọ == Ụfọdụ ndị nkatọ na-agọnarị nke nke nka di Suvero, na-arụ ụka na ọ kpalitere echiche siri ike n’ụdị ka ukwuu.  N'afọ 1975, William Rubin mụrụ ụka na ọ bụ naanị okwu arụ nke Willem de Kooning na Franz Kline enwe.  [1] Mgbe Pax Jerusalemme n'otu ebe a ma ama n'ihu Legion of Honor na 2000, Kenneth Baker na San Francisco Chronicle wepụrụ ya dị ka "ihe na-enweghị mma."  2 ọ alụlụ na-ese ihe dị iche n'etiti nha na ọnụ ọgụgụ-na nke a ọrụ dị egwu, na-eku ume dị mfe na mpaghara Storm King, ọ na-adị ka onye ezina ahụ a na-azụru nso. " <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/07/09/arts/design/storm-king-reopens.html|title=Storm King Reopens for the Art-Starved|work=[[The New York Times]]|author=Farago, Jason|date=9 July 2020}}</ref> == Nkwanye ugwu na ihe nrite == * 2000: International Sculpture Center 's Lifetime Achievement in Contemporary Sculpture Award <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.sculpture.org/documents/awards/life.shtml|title=The International Sculpture Center's Lifetime Achievement in Contemporary Sculpture Award|work=sculpture.org|publisher=[[International Sculpture Center]]|accessdate=March 10, 2015}}</ref> * 2005: Onye mmeri na Arts na Humanities Atiya na 11th Annual Heinz Awards, nke wetara ihe nrite $ 250,000. <ref name="heinz"/> <ref>{{Cite news|date=May 2, 2005|title=Arts, Briefly: Heinz Awards|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2005/05/02/arts/02arts.html|work=[[The New York Times]]|accessdate=March 10, 2015}}</ref> * 2010: ** Ihe nrite nke Archives of American Art nke Smithsonian Institution ** Onye mmeri nke National Medal of Arts, <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://artdaily.com/news/45394/Mark-di-Suvero-Among-2010-National-Medal-of-Arts-Recipients-Announced-by-the-White-House|title=Mark di Suvero Among 2010 National Medal of Arts Recipients Announced by the White House|work=artdaily.com|accessdate=March 10, 2015}}</ref> ewepụtara na Maachị 2, 2011, site n'aka [[President of the United States|Onye isi ala]] [[Barack Obama]] . <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/03/02/president-obama-presents-_n_830435.html|title=President Obama Presents Arts, Humanities Awards To Meryl Streep, James Taylor|date=March 2, 2011|work=[[The Huffington Post]]|accessdate=March 10, 2015}}</ref> * 2013: American Academy of Arts and Letters Gold Medal <ref>{{Cite news|author=Schuessler|first=Jennifer|date=May 15, 2013|title=E.L. Doctorow and Mark di Suvero Strike Gold at American Academy of Arts and Letters|url=http://artsbeat.blogs.nytimes.com/2013/05/15/e-l-doctorow-and-mark-di-suvero-strike-gold-at-american-academy-of-arts-and-letters/|work=[[The New York Times]]|accessdate=March 10, 2015}}</ref> == Hụkwa == * Ụlọ ihe nkiri Park Place * John Raymond Henry * Nkwupụta okwu abstract == Ntụaka == {{Reflist|30em}} == Njikọ mpụga == * [http://arts.gov/honors/medals/mark-di-suvero National Medal of Art biography biography] * [http://heinzawards.net/recipients/mark-di-suvero Akụkọ ndụ Heinz Awards] * [http://www.sculpture.org/documents/awards/life.shtml ISC Ndụ Mmeri Award] * [http://www.aaa.si.edu/collections/mark-di-suvero-and-di-suvero-family-papers-11585 Mark di Suvero na di Suvero akwụkwọ ezinụlọ, 1934-2005, na Smithsonian Archives of American Art] * [http://socratessculpturepark.org/ Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ Socrates Sculpture Park] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20160330072451/https://www.hss.edu/great-performances-hip-replacement-and-recovery.asp Akụkọ ndị ọrịa.] [https://web.archive.org/web/20160330072451/https://www.hss.edu/great-performances-hip-replacement-and-recovery.asp Mark Di Suvero.] [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] de15ipyt1iipt39649j2ygj73xkwifv 0 49275 696437 623560 2026-08-02T21:51:30Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 696437 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Kerry James Marshall''' (amuru Ọktoba 17, 1955) bu onye omenkà na prọfesọ America, a mara maka eserese ya nke onyonyo ojii.[1] Ọ kụziri ihe eserese na ụlọ akwụkwọ nka na nka na Mahadum Illinois dị na Chicago.N'afọ 2017, a gụnyere Marshall na ndepụta Time 100 nke ndị nwere mmetụta kachasị n'ụwa kwa afọ. A mụrụ ya ma zụlite ya na Birmingham, [[Alabama]], ma kwaga South Central Los Angeles mgbe ọ bụ nwata.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|author=Worley|first=Sam|date=March 29, 2016|title=This Modern Master Spent His Life Bringing Black Faces to Classic Art|url=http://www.chicagomag.com/Chicago-Magazine/April-2016/Kerry-James-Marshall/|accessdate=May 21, 2016|work=Chicago magazine|archivedate=July 11, 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180711180554/http://www.chicagomag.com/Chicago-Magazine/April-2016/Kerry-James-Marshall/}}</ref> Ọ nọrọ ọtụtụ oge n'ọrụ ya na [[Chicago]], [[Ilinoi|Illinois]]. Ihe ngosi nke ọrụ ya, Kerry James Marshall: Mastry, bụ nke Museum of Contemporary Art, Chicago chịkọtara na 2016. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://mcachicago.org/Exhibitions/2016/Kerry-James-Marshall|title=MCA – Exhibitions: Kerry James Marshall: Mastry|work=mcachicago.org|language=en|accessdate=December 13, 2017}}</ref> == Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ == A mụrụ Marshall n'October 17, 1955, na Birmingham, Alabama . <ref name=":1">{{Cite news|author=Mason|first=Wyatt|title=Kerry James Marshall Is Shifting the Color of Art History|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/10/17/t-magazine/kerry-james-marshall-artist.html|work=The New York Times|date=October 17, 2016}}</ref> A zụlitere ya na Birmingham ma mesịa na [[Los Angeles]], California . <ref name=":2"/> Ọ bụ nwa nwoke nke onye na-arụ ọrụ na post ọfịs na onye na-elekọta ụlọ.<ref name=":1" /> Ihe omume nna ya nwere mmasị n'ebe ọ nọ bụ ịzụrụ elekere ndị gbajiri agbaji nke ọ ga-enweta n'ụzọ dị oke ọnụ n'ụlọ ahịa pawns ma mụta ka esi edozi ha site n'enyemaka nke akwụkwọ tupu ereghachi elekere.[1] Marshall nwere ike ịmụta ịkwatu ihe ndị ọ hụrụ ka ndị na-adịghị ahụkebe na mgbagwoju anya, na-eme ka ha bụrụ nke ya. Ụlọ ya na Los Angeles dị nso n'isi ụlọ ọrụ Black Panther Party, nke hapụrụ ya na mmetụta nke ibu ọrụ ọha na eze ma metụta ọrụ ya n'onwe ya.<ref name="Kennedy20160909">{{Cite news|author=Kennedy|first=Randy|title=Kerry James Marshall, Boldly Repainting Art History|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/09/18/arts/design/kerry-james-marshall-met-breuer-mastry.html|work=The New York Times|id={{ProQuest|1817935179}}|date=9 September 2016}}<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles></ref> Isi okwu nke eserese ya, nrụnye, na ọrụ ọha na eze sitere na omenala ndị America na America ma gbanyere mkpọrọgwụ na ọdịdị ala nke nzụlite ya. N'afọ 1963, ya na ezinụlọ ya kwagara n'ọrụ ụlọ obibi ọha nke Nickson Gardens na mpaghara Watts nke Los Angeles, afọ ole na ole tupu ọgba aghara agbụrụ amalite. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Artist Info|url=https://www.nga.gov/collection/artist-info.35534.html|accessdate=2023-05-02|work=www.nga.gov}}</ref> === Agụmakwụkwọ === N'ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị, Marshall malitere ise ihe osise n'okpuru nduzi nke onye na-ese ihe na mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya bụ [[Charles Wilbert White|Charles White]], nke gara n'ihu n'ọrụ kọleji Marshall.<ref name=":2"/> O kwuru na n'ime afọ ọzụzụ ya, White "ghọrọ dịka enyi dịka onye nduzi; M nọgidere na-akpọtụrụ ezinụlọ ya, ọbụlagodi mgbe ọ nwụsịrị. Mgbe ọ na-agụ akwụkwọ na Otis College of Art and Design na Los Angeles, Marshall rụrụ ọrụ ka "enweghị ihe oyiyi ma ọ bụ akụkọ a kapịrị ọnụ ịkọ," karịa abstraction.[1] Marshall nwetara B.F.A. ogo na 1978 site na Otis College of Art and Design . <ref name=":3">{{Cite web|title=Kerry James Marshall: Mastry, October 25, 2016–January 29, 2017|url=https://www.metmuseum.org/press/exhibitions/2016/kerry-james-marshall|accessdate=October 17, 2020|work=The Metropolitan Museum of Art|quote=He holds a BFA (1978) and honorary doctorate (1999) from the Otis College of Art and Design.}}</ref> == Ọrụ == E nyere Marshall MacArthur Fellowship na 1997. <ref name="Whitehead">{{Cite journal|author=Whitehead|first=Jessie L.|title=Invisibility of Blackness: Visual Responses of Kerry James Marshall|journal=Art Education|date=2009|volume=62|issue=2|pages=33–39|doi=10.1080/00043125.2009.11519010}}</ref> Ọ bụ prọfesọ na Mahadum Illinois na Chicago na School of Art and Design site na 1993 ruo 2006. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Kerry James Marshall, American, born 1955|url=https://www.nga.gov/collection/artist-info.35534.html|accessdate=October 17, 2020|work=National Gallery of Art}}</ref> Na 2013, Onye isi ala [[Barack Obama]] kpọrọ ya aha maka kọmitii na Arts na Humanities, otu n'ime ndị ọhụrụ asaa a họpụtara. [[Hank Willis Thomas]] kwuru na Marshall nwere mmetụta dị ukwuu n'ebe ọ nọ na ọrụ ya.<ref name="Tani">{{Cite web|author=Tani|first=Ellen|date=April 21, 2016|title=How Kerry James Marshall Became a Superhero for Chicago's Housing Projects|url=https://www.artsy.net/article/artsy-editorial-how-kerry-james-marshall-became-a-superhero-for-chicago-s-housing-projects|accessdate=April 13, 2021|work=Artsy|language=en}}</ref> == Mmetụta ọrụ, echiche ọha na eze na isiokwu == Oge nwata Marshall nọrọ n'ógbè Watts nke [[Los Angeles]], California, ebe Black Power na Civil Rights movements mere, nwere mmetụta dị ukwuu na ihe osise ya.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Osborne|first=Catherine|date=July 1998|title=Kerry James Marshall.|url=https://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-30558316.html|journal=Parachute: Contemporary Art Magazine}}</ref> N'ịbụ onye ahụmahụ ya dị ka nwa okorobịa nwere mmetụta siri ike, ọ mepụtara ụdị ntinye aka n'oge ọ bụ nwata dị ka onye na-ese ihe nke gụnyere iji [[ihe gbara ọchịchịrị]], nke bụ isi ojii. Onyonyo ndị a na-anọchi anya echiche ya banyere [[Ndị Afụrịka ǹkè Amerịka|ndị Africa America]], kpọmkwem ndị ikom ojii nwere ọdịdị dị iche iche na nke dị n'ime na n'èzí. N'otu oge ahụ, ha na-eche echiche nke agbụrụ dị n'etiti ọha America nke oge a.[1] Isiokwu a na-ahụkarị pụtara n'ihu n'ọrụ ya n'ime iri afọ ndị sochirinụ, ọkachasị na 1980 na 1990 ma ka na-apụta n'ọrụ ya kacha nso nso a. A maara Marshall maka nnukwu ihe osise, Ihe a tụrụ atụ, na ihe ndị ọzọ na-ewere ndụ na akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ndị Africa America dị ka isiokwu ha. N'ajụjụ ọnụ 1998 ya na Bomb Magazine, Marshall kwuru,<blockquote>"Ndị isi ojii na-ebi n'ebe, ọbụnadị ebe ndị nkịtị, n'ụzọ kachasị adọrọ mmasị. Ụdị bụ akụkụ dị mkpa nke ihe ndị isi ojii na'ime na ịga ije abụghị ihe dị mfe. Ị ga-eji ụdị na-aga ije. Ị ga na-ekwu okwu na ụda ụfọdụ; ya mere, n'ihe osise ahụ, m na-anwa ime otu omume ahụ maka ihe nkiri nke yiri ka ọ bụ akụkụ dị oke mkpa nke ahụ ndị isi ojii. "<ref>{{Cite web|author=Reid|first=Calvin|date=Winter 1998|title=Kerry James Marshall|url=http://bombsite.com/issues/62/articles/2111|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120526012548/http://bombsite.com/issues/62/articles/2111|archivedate=26 May 2012|accessdate=}}</ref></blockquote>Marshall kwenyere na gia nke ike akụkọ ihe mere eme na ụlọ ọrụ na nka Western bụ isi na eserese. Mgbe ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ na Otis, ọrụ Bill Traylor masịrị ya, onye na-ese ihe kụziiri onwe ya onye a mụrụ n'ohu na Alabama, bụ nke kpaliri ya imepụtakwu ihe osise metụtara oge ochie, agbụrụ agbụrụ na-achị ọchị.<ref name="Kennedy20160909"/> Marshall bụ otu n'ime ndị otu ndị na-ese ihe n'oge a dị ka Howardena Pindell, Charlene Teters, na Fred Wilson, bụ ndị na-etinyekarị okwu gbasara agbụrụ n'ọrụ ha. Ọrụ Marshall gbanyere mkpọrọgwụ n'akụkọ ihe mere eme ojii yana omenala ndị oji na-ewu ewu na-anabata oji dị ka ihe ngosi dị iche iche iji leba anya na njedebe nke ndị ojii n'ọhụụ anya, na-eji ụdị dịgasị iche iche.[1] Ihe osise ya dabere na njirimara; kpọmkwem,o mere ka a hụ ihe mara mma ojii ma webata ihe mara mma oji n'ime nnukwu akụkọ nka. N'okwu ya, ọ na-eji oji eme ka ọdịiche dị ka ike mmegide dị ukwuu, ma n'ụzọ mara mma ma na nkà ihe ọmụma. Otu n'ime mbipụta "ọcha" Marshall na-ewe bụ nke ịma mma. O kwuru na ebe ọ bụ na ọtụtụ ndị na-eme mkpọsa bụ ndị ọcha, ọ chọrọ ịmepụta ihe oyiyi nke ahụ ojii iji "mebie echiche na ịma mma bụ otu ihe na-acha ọcha". "Oji mara mma" bụ otu n'ime okwu ndị otu Black Arts mere iji gbochie echiche a na-enwekarị na isi ojii adịghị mma. Marshall kwadoro okwu a n'ụfọdụ ọrụ ya site n'iji asụsụ eme ihe.[1] Tinyere "Black mara mma", ọ chọrọ ịmepụta akụkọ ifo na eserese ya n'ụdị "oke".[8]. Ihe ọ lekwasịrị anya bụ imepụta ọrụ nka ọhụrụ nke na-abụghị akụkụ nke ọdịnala nka ọdịda anyanwụ. Ọtụtụ n'ime ihe osise Marshall na-etinye ihe atụ na ihe nnọchianya. Ihe ka ọtụtụ n'ihe ndị o dere n'ọrụ ya metụtara ajọ omume nke ọchịchị ndị na-achị ala ọzọ.<ref>{{Cite journal|id={{Gale|A533005124}}|author=Maclean|first=Mary|title='Kerry James Marshall: Mastry', The Met Breuer, New York, 25 October 2016–29 January 2017|journal=Journal of Contemporary Painting|date=1 October 2018|volume=4|issue=2|pages=405–410|doi=10.1386/jcp.4.2.405_5}}<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles></ref> A maara Marshall nke ọma maka nnukwu ihe osise acrylic ya nke ọma n'elu ákwà a na-agbataghị agbatị. Ọrụ ya jikọtara ihe dị adị na ihe ndị na-agbakọta, ihe ịrịba ama, na ntọala dị egwu na nke a haziri nke ọma. Ihe oyiyi ya na-atụkarị aro ọkọlọtọ ndị mmadụ. Ndị na-ekiri ihe nkiri na-ahụkarị ederede na ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị mara mma na-ele ha anya kpọmkwem. Ụfọdụ n'ime ọrụ ya na-abụkarị ndị na-anọchite anya ndị isi ojii na ọtụtụ na-eji usoro ihe osise. Ihe osise ya nwere njikọ chiri anya na Black Arts movement.Site n'inyocha isiokwu nke ịbụ nwa ojii na America, ọrụ Marshall na-enyocha agbụrụ n'ọnọdụ ya na "Civil Rights Movement, Black Power Movement, ọrụ ụlọ, ịma mma ojii, na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na mmekọrịta ọha na eze nke ndị ojii". Ọrụ Marshall nwere mmetụta dị ukwuu site na nzụlite ya na Alabama na 1950s na LA na 1960s. Ọrụ ya na-adabere mgbe niile na ahụmahụ nke ịbụ oji na America n'ime oge ndị a. Marshall mepụtara ihe na-atọ ọchị, dị ka ''Rhythm Mastr'', akụkọ banyere onye Africa-America nọ n'afọ iri na ụma nke nwetara ike dị egwu site na ihe ọkpụkpụ Africa site na iji usoro drum. N'ụzọ doro anya, ike sitere na chi asaa mejupụtara pantheon Yoruba.<ref name="Tani"/> Marshall họọrọ nke a iji dozie ọdịiche dị n'otú akụkọ ifo Africa na nke ọdịda anyanwụ, dị ka ndị Gris na ndị Norse, si egosipụta. Ọ bụ ezie na nke ikpeazụ ahụ ka dị mkpa na ọdịbendị na ọkwa ego ha, Marshall kwenyere na echefuola nke mbụ - a na-emeso ya dị ka "ma ọ bụ onye nwụrụ anwụ ma ọ bụ onye mgbe ochie".<ref name="Rythm Mastr">{{Cite web|title="Rythm Mastr"|url=https://art21.org/read/kerry-james-marshall-rythm-mastr/|accessdate=April 13, 2021|work=Art21|language=en}}</ref> Marshall nwere nchegbu banyere enweghị ndị dike Africa-America ụmụaka nwere ike ile anya mgbe ha na-etolite.<ref name="Rythm Mastr" /> Ọ laghachiri na Comic afọ 20 mgbe mbụ ya na 2018 Carnegie International. <ref name="Culture Type">{{Cite web|title=Two Decades After it Debuted, Kerry James Marshall is Revisiting His Rythm Mastr Comic Series at 2018 Carnegie International|url=http://www.culturetype.com/2018/04/16/two-decades-after-it-debuted-kerry-james-marshall-is-revisiting-his-rythm-mastr-comic-series-at-2018-carnegie-international/%27|work=Culture Type|first=Victoria L.|author=Valentine|date=April 16, 2018|accessdate=April 13, 2021|language=en-US}}</ref> Mgbe a jụrụ ya banyere ọnụnọ nke ''Black Panther'' nke Marvel dị ka dike akwụkwọ na-atọ ọchị Black, Marshall zaghachiri na eziokwu ahụ bụ na ndị edemede ọcha ka kere ya ma ya mere ọ bụghị onye nnọchi anya ọdịbendị ojii.<ref name="documentjournal.com">{{Cite web|date=October 15, 2018|title=Kerry James Marshall created comic strip with black characters to show 'it can be done'|url=https://www.documentjournal.com/2018/10/kerry-james-marshall-created-comic-strip-with-black-characters-to-show-it-can-be-done/|accessdate=April 13, 2021|work=Document Journal|language=en-US}}</ref> Ihe nkiri ndị ọzọ gụnyere ''P-Van'', nke ụfọdụ ụmụ okorobịa kpaliri bụ ndị ga-anọdụ ala na Van n'èzí ụlọ ọrụ Marshall ma "na-apụ", na On the Stroll, nke dabeere na ndị akwụna agbata obi na Marshall na-ewepụ ha n'ọnọdụ ahụ ma mee ka ha bụrụ mmadụ. <ref name="documentjournal.com" /> Ọ bụ otu n'ime ọtụtụ ndị na-ese ihe n'Afrịka na America nke gbalịrị itinye isiokwu agbụrụ na ịbụ onye ojii n'ime ọrụ ya, na-enwe olileanya ime ka akụkọ ihe mere eme dị iche iche.<ref name="Culture Type" /> Ụfọdụ n'ime ọrụ ya, dị ka La Venus Negra na Voyager, jikọtara ịma mma Afrịka na ọdịnala ọdịda anyanwụ, na-egosi mbọ ndị Africa America na-agba ịchọta ọnọdụ ha n'etiti ndị America.Ọtụtụ mgbe, a na-ahụta na ọrụ Marshall jupụtara na mmetụta mmetụta na-egosi ihe ọ dị ka ịbụ Urban African American, na-egosipụta ụlọ na ezinụlọ ndị America America dị n'etiti. Ọrụ ndị ọzọ nke Marshall, ya bụ The Garden Project na ihe ncheta, na-egosipụta okwu gbasara agbụrụ na America site na 1960s na 1970s wee gawa. The Garden Project na-akatọkwa aha ebube nke ọrụ ụlọ nke na-ezochi ịda ogbenye na-enweghị isi, mgbe usoro nke Lost Boys na-enyocha ụmụ okorobịa ojii "furu efu na ghetto, furu efu na ụlọ ọha, na-efunahụ enweghị ọrụ, na agụghị akwụkwọ."[1] Ọrụ Marshall na-arụ ọrụ siri ike ma na-adị mkpa mgbe niile, karịsịa na nsogbu nke ịchọta njirimara..<ref>[http://www.thehistorymakers.com/biography/kerry-james-marshall-39 "Kerry James Marshall Biography"]. Chicago, 2001. ArtMakers. The History Makers. November 16, 2009.</ref> Marshall tụgharịrị uche, "N'okpuru mmetụta Charles White, amaara m mgbe niile na achọrọ m ịrụ ọrụ nke gbasara ihe: akụkọ ihe mere eme, ọdịbendị, ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, okwu mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya. ... Ọ bụ naanị iji nwee nkà iji mee ya n'ezie. " == Ọrụ == === ''Foto nke onye na-ese ihe dị ka onyinyo nke onwe ya n'oge gara aga'' (1980) === Ihe osise Portrait of the Artist as a Shadow of His Former Self (1980) bụ ọpụpụ maka Marshall, ọ bụkwa ihe osise mbụ o mere nke onye ojii.<ref>{{Cite web|date=April 25, 2018|title=10 Surprising Facts about Artist Kerry James Marshall|url=http://samblog.seattleartmuseum.org/2018/04/10-facts-kerry-james-marshall/|accessdate=October 17, 2020|work=SAMBlog|language=en-US}}</ref> Tupu ọrụ a, Marshall na-arụ ọrụ na collage.<ref name=":5" /> [1] Ọ bụ obere eserese, nke e ji akwa akwa mee n'akwụkwọ.[2] Emepụtara ya na ndò ojii ma na-egosipụta agba nwoke ojii nwere nnukwu ọnụ ọchị na-acha ọcha na ezé nwere oghere.[1] Kemgbe 2019, eserese a na-ebi na mkpokọta na Los Angeles County Museum of Modern Art (LACMA). <ref name=":5">{{Cite web|date=February 18, 2019|title=LACMA Gifted Kerry James Marshall's Portrait of the Artist as a Shadow of His Former Self|url=https://www.artforum.com/news/lacma-gifted-kerry-james-marshall-s-portrait-of-the-artist-as-a-shadow-of-his-former-self-78657|accessdate=October 17, 2020|work=Artforum.com|language=en-US}}</ref> === ''Njem'' (1992) === Marshall dabeere ọtụtụ n'ime ihe ndị o dere na mbido afọ 1990 na ihe ndị mere n'akụkọ ihe mere eme nke America. Otu ihe osise dị otú ahụ, Voyager, <ref>{{Cite web|date=2018|title=Voyager, Kerry James Marshall|url=http://www.corcoran.org/collection/voyager|work=Corcoran|accessdate=2024-06-18|archivedate=2023-02-23|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230223050330/http://www.corcoran.org/collection/voyager}}</ref> nke e sere na 1992, nwere ihe pụrụ iche na mkparịta ụka banyere okwu agbụrụ na United States n'ihi na Marshall dabeere na "Ụgbọ mmiri mara mma ... nke e ji nzuzo mee ka ọ buru ndị ohu Africa". Ihe nnọchianya nke ihe nnọchianya a jupụtara, site na ndị ojii abụọ dị n'ụgbọ mmiri na okooko osisi ndị gbara olu nwanyị ahụ gburugburu ruo n'ọdịiche dị n'etiti igwe ojii na ikuku na ọchịchịrị nke azụ elu. Okpokoro isi dị n'ime mmiri, dị n'okpuru ụgbọ mmiri ahụ, na-egosi ọdịnihu ga-emebi emebi nke ndị Africa, na nwanyị a na-amaghị ama nwere ngosipụta nke enweghị ahụ iru ala. N'ihi ya, ọ na-ebute ụzọ dị egwu nke ụgbọ mmiri nke mara mma, ọdịdị dị elu na nzube nzuzo gbara ọchịchịrị, na-amanye ndị mmadụ iche echiche banyere ihe ọ ga-akara ha mma echefu. === Black beauty, Untitled (La Venus Negra) (1992) na Untitled) (1994) === Marshall nyochara echiche nke ịma mma ojii n'adịghị ka echiche ọdịda anyanwụ na ihe osise ya, Untitled (La Venus Negra) (1992). Onye ahụ na-agwakọta n'ụzọ nkịtị na gburugburu ọchịchịrị ya, ọdịdị ya na-adọrọ adọrọ na-apụtachaghị ìhè. Ma ozugbo onye na-ekiri ya lere anya nke ọma, ọdịdị ya na-agba gburugburu na-eme ka ike nwanyị dị elu nke naanị site na oji nke akpụkpọ ahụ ya. Ihe osise Untitled (Supermodel) (1994), dị na nchịkọta nke Honolulu Museum of Art, ọrụ a na-egosi nwanyị ojii na-agbalị ịdị ka ụdị Caucasian na-acha odo odo. Ọrụ ahụ na-ezokwa aka n'ihe osise onwe onye nke onye na-ese ihe, bụ́ onye ji lipstick na-acha uhie uhie na ogologo wig na-acha ọcha chọọ onwe ya mma.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Knight|first=Christopher|date=2017-03-20|title=Kerry James Marshall's paintings insist on black self-representation|url=https://www.latimes.com/entertainment/arts/la-et-cm-kerry-james-marshall-moca-20170320-htmlstory.html|accessdate=October 17, 2020|work=Los Angeles Times|language=en-US}}</ref> Dị ka Marshall kwetara, ya onwe ya "echebaraghị na a ga-ewere nwanyị ojii dị ka chi nwanyị nke ịhụnanya na ịma mma, mana site na eserese a, ọ gosipụtara na ọ ga-ekwe omume. Ọ na-agbagha echiche ọdịnala nke chi nwanyị dị ka nwanyị ọcha nwere ogologo ntutu na-agagharị agagharị, na-ekwu okwu ọzọ banyere njirimara ndị Africa na America na Ụwa Ọdịda Anyanwụ. Echiche a nwere ihe ọ pụtara mgbe ị na-eleba anya n'ụkpụrụ Afrịka n'elu otu ụzọ n'ụzọ anọ nke ndabere. Site na mgbakwunye a, ọ na-ezo aka n'ihe omume ahụ malitere n'oge Harlem Renaissance iji tinye ọdịnala ọdịnala ndị Afrịka n'ime nka ndị Afrịka. <ref>Crouther, Betty J. [http://www.thefreelibrary.com/The+black+artist+and+his+image+in+America+65+years+ago.-a0192353190 "The Black Artist and His Image in America 65 Years Ago. (Essay)"]. Southeastern College Art Conference Review 15.2 (2007): 163+.</ref> ] N'ịgbalị ime ka nkà Africa na echiche ndị dị n'Ebe Ọdịda Anyanwụ Ụwa dị n'otu, Marshall tinye ma na eserese ya. Ya mere, ọ na-akọwapụta nchọta nwa ojii nke gụnyere akụkụ niile nke akụkọ ihe mere eme nke nna nna ha na ọnọdụ ha ugbu a. Ọ bụ ezie na ndị Africa America nwere ike na-eche na e jikọtara ya na omenala abụọ dị iche iche, ihe osise Marshall nke ihe osise ọdịda anyanwụ nke oge ochie nke nwere ihe ịchọ mma ojii ọhụrụ na-ejikọta ha abụọ, na-egosi na ha nwere ike ibi n'otu. === Usoro Lost Boys (1993-1995) === Otu n'ime usoro ọrụ ya a ma ama The Lost Boys (1993-1995) na-egosi ndụ na nsogbu nke ọtụtụ ndị Africa America chere ihu. Usoro ihe osise ahụ bụ nke ụmụ okorobịa Africa-America site n'ubu ruo n'elu, na-enwe ụcha akpụkpọ ahụ gbara ọchịchịrị, nke dị iche na anya na-acha ọcha nke bụ ihe a na-ahụkarị n'ọrụ Marshall. Eserese ndị a gosikwara ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ihe onyonyo na-acha ọcha kpamkpam, nwere orbs ọcha, ifuru na mpaghara dị n'azụ iji mepụta ọdịiche karịa. Onye na-ese ihe kọwara na ihe onyonyo a bụ iji gosi ụmụntakịrị nwoke ndị a enweghị aha ha dị ọcha mgbe ha dị obere na ịbụ ndị a na-emegbu ghetto na ụlọ ọha.<ref name="Whitehead"/> === Usoro ''Ọrụ Ogige'' === The Garden Project bụ usoro ihe osise nwere nghọta, ma na mkpesa ya megide nkwa ụgha na eziokwu na-enweghị olileanya nke ụlọ ọha na eze na-enweta ego dị ala na ikike ya igosi ikike dị egwu nke ndị Africa America ịchọta obi ụtọ ma wuo obodo n'agbanyeghị ọnọdụ ndị a. Site na usoro a, Marshall na-ekpughe mgbagwoju anya dị n'ime ya na njikọ dị omimi n'etiti nkwa ndị a na-eme nke Ụlọ Ọha na ihe siri ike, nke na-enweghị olileanya nke ndị bi na ha. Mana Marshall na-agafe naanị ikpughe ọdịiche dị n'etiti echiche a na eziokwu ya, dịka ọrụ ya na-ezo aka n'echiche nke obodo na olileanya na ndị Africa America nwere ike ịmepụta n'ime ọnọdụ siri ike nke ụlọ ndị na-enweta ego dị ala. N'ịbụ nke ụlọ mbụ ya, Nickerson Gardens, <ref name="Tani"/> usoro Marshall "The Garden Project" na-eme egwuregwu na-enweghị isi na nkọwa ndị dị n'okwu ahụ bụ "ubi. " Eserese ise dị na nsonso a na-egosi ọrụ ụlọ ọha dị iche iche - Rockwell Gardens, Wentworth Gardens, Stateway Gardens, wdg - na-enyocha ka ihe onyonyo ọ fọrọ nke nta ka eden dị ka e ji aha ya bụrụ ihe nzuzu n'ihe gbasara ọrụ ndị a dara ada. N'ịbụ ndị e gburu n'elu akwa akwa a na-agbatịghị, nnukwu eserese ndị a na-adị ka ihe osise. Ihe ndị ha jikọtara ọnụ na, mgbe ụfọdụ, ọgwụgwọ n'elu ala siri ike na-egosi mbelata nke ọrụ ụlọ ọha na ihe isi ike nke ndụ n'ime ha. === Ọtụtụ Nnukwu Ụlọ (1994) === Marshall's Many Mansions, site na 1994, na-ekpughe esemokwu dị n'etiti aha "Stateway Gardens", na eziokwu nke ndụ n'ebe ahụ. Enwere obi ụtọ aghụghọ na-emetụta mpempe akwụkwọ ahụ, dịka a na-egosi ala ahụ n'ụzọ zuru oke. Ndị ojii na-emebiga ihe ókè na-akụ okooko osisi na-agbasa, a na-egbutu osisi ndị ahụ nke ọma, ihe niile na-eyi ka ọ dị oke. Mana ndị isi ojii Marshall, dị ka Michael Kimmelman si kwuo na ''New York Times'' ya, bụ "ndị siri ike ma bụrụ ndị a haziri ahazi: ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ stereotypes".<ref>{{Cite web|author=Kimmelman|first=Michael|title=Art in Review|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1995/09/29/arts/art-in-review-269395.html|work=The New York Times|date=29 September 1995}}</ref> Ha na-akọwa nwoke ojii dara ogbenye bi n'ụlọ ọha na eze ma n'adịghị ka ala gbara ha gburugburu, ha anaghị enwe obi ụtọ. Otu na-ele onye na-ekiri ya anya n'ụzọ nkatọ, ebe ndị ọzọ abụọ na-ele ha anya, ha niile enweghị obi ụtọ. Ihe owuwu ha bi na ya na-apụta dị ka ihe ndabere katọn, na-adọta uche na ụgha nke ọnọdụ ahụ. A naghị ahụ eziokwu na utopianism mara mma nke ebe ma ọ bụ okooko osisi, kama ọ bụ na ihe owuwu nke ụlọ na ihe oyiyi, ihe oyiyi nke ndị ikom bi na ha. === Usoro ihe ncheta === Usoro ihe ncheta ahụ na-akọ akụkọ banyere ọnwụ nke ndị isi na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, akwụkwọ, nka, na egwu.<ref name="pbs.org2">[https://www.pbs.org/art21/slideshow/?slide=556&showindex=86 "Souvenir IV"]. Loss & Desire: Kerry James Marshall. Ed. Art:21. November 17, 2009.</ref> ''Ihe Ncheta nke Atọ'', nke e dechara na 1998, na-elekwasị anya na mmụọ ozi nke na-ekpebi ugbu a na oge gara aga. Ọ bụ mmụọ ozi nke ọkwa na onye na-elekọta nhazi nke ụlọ oriri na ọṅụṅụ. <ref name="pbs.org2" /> Otú ọ dị, n'ịmepụta okwu ọhụrụ banyere ndị isi ojii na America, ọ na-eme ka ọdịiche ha dị na usoro ike ndị ọcha. Enwere aghụghọ na ihe odide nke na-amanye onye na-ekiri ya ile anya miri emi: ihe oyiyi ndị a na-emegide ndị na-ese ihe ojii na-enweghị atụ chere na ha ga-etinye iji bụrụ ndị na-eme ihe nkiri. Marshall na-akpọ njikọta a nke nkọwa mara mma na nke ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị "ikike anya" nke na-enye ndị mmadụ n'uche N'ime ''Ihe Ncheta nke Atọ'', a na-egosi aha ndị isi ojii a ma ama na akụkọ ihe mere eme na afọ nke ọnwụ ha n'elu ihe osise ahụ. <ref name="Kerry James Marshall 20002">Kerry James Marshall, Staff of the Renaissance Society at the University of Chicago, Richard Powell, Cheryl Harris, Susanne Ghez. ''Kerry James Marshall: Mementos''. Chicago: The Renaissance Society at the University of Chicago, 2000.{{page needed|date=June 2021}}</ref> N'ihi ya, isiokwu nke enweghị oge na-apụta: onye na-ekiri ihe na-eme ugbu a na-eche echiche banyere ihe nketa nke ndị mmadụ bụ ndị na-ahụ maka ihe ndị ruuru mmadụ na ndị na-ese ihe n'Afrịka. Ihe osise ndị ahụ na-eme ka akara ncheta ndị a sie ike site na ahịrịokwu "Anyị na-eru uju ọnwụ anyị" na "N'icheta". ''Ihe Ncheta nke Anọ'' (1998), nke a na-etinye n'otu ụlọ obibi nke etiti dabere na ebe obibi ezinụlọ Marshall, bụ ihe dị adị na aka nke ihe a na-apụghị ịhụ anya. Site na ihe osise ahụ onye na-ekiri ya na-aga n'oge Civil Rights na ihe osiso ahụ n'onwe ya bụ postcard nke na-egosikwa njem ahụ. Ihe nkiri ahụ dum na-ekwughachi emume ndị Ijipt nke inye ndị nwụrụ anwụ arịa na nri.<ref name="pbs.org2" /> A na-eme ''Ihe Ncheta nke Atọ'' na ''Nke anọ'' n'ụdị grisaille, usoro "ihe osise akụkọ ochie", ebe a na-eme Souvenir nke mbụ na ''Nke Abụọ'' (1997) na agba.<ref name="pbs.org2" /> Ka mmadụ na-enyocha ihe ndị mere n'oge usoro ihe ncheta ahụ, onye na-ekiri ya na-aghọta ọmarịcha ntọala ọbụna n'ime ọdịdị monochromatic nke III na IV. Ihe ịrịba ama Marshall bụ stamping a na-emegharị site na ihe osise, nke a na-ahụ ebe a dị ka nku ndị mmụọ ozi gbara ndị isi ojii gburugburu, na ndabere okooko osisi, nke a hụrụ ebe a dị Ka ihe ịchọ mma na-egbuke egbuke. <ref name="Rowell, Charles H. 19983">Rowell, Charles H., and Kerry James Marshall, [https://web.archive.org/web/20160508073112/http://xroads.virginia.edu/~ug01/westkaemper/callaloo/marshall.html "An Interview with Kerry James Marshall"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160508073112/http://xroads.virginia.edu/~ug01/westkaemper/callaloo/marshall.html|date=May 8, 2016}}, ''[[Callaloo (journal)|Callaloo]]'' 21.1 (1998): 263–72.</ref> === Ihe osise ọha na eze nke Marshall === N'afọ 2017, ụlọ ọrụ na-enweghị uru, Murals of Acceptance nyere Marshall ọrụ ịmepụta ihe osise ọha na eze akpọrọ, ''Rush More''. N'ịbụ nke dị n'akụkụ ọdịda anyanwụ nke Chicago Cultural Center, akụkụ ahụ bụ nsọpụrụ nye ụmụ nwanyị nyere aka na ọdịbendị Chicago.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Johnson|first=Steve|title=Giant mural by Kerry James Marshall honors Chicago women of culture|url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/entertainment/ct-ent-kerry-james-marshall-mural-unveiled-chicago-1204-story.html|accessdate=April 18, 2019|work=chicagotribune.com|date=3 December 2017|language=en-US}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite web|author=Janssen|first=Kim|date=October 2, 2017|title=Cheryl Lynn Bruce's name misspelled — on her husband's mural|url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/ct-cheryl-lynn-bruce-1003-chicago-inc-20171002-story.html|accessdate=October 17, 2020|work=chicagotribune.com}}</ref> N'afọ 2018, abụọ n'ime nnukwu ọrụ Marshall bịara n'ihu ọha na esemokwu dị n'etiti nka ọha na eze, na azụmahịa. N'ọnwa Mee, ụlọ ọrụ Chicago's Metropolitan Pier na Exposition Authority rere Past Times (1997) nye Sean Combs maka ego nde $ 21 maka ụlọ ọrụ ọha na eze, mgbe ọ kwụchara na McCormick Place ruo ọtụtụ afọ. Past Times rụrụ ọrụ dị mkpa n'oge mbinye ego ya na ihe ngosi ngosi nka nke 2016. N'ọnwa Ọktọba, onye isi obodo Chicago Rahm Emanuel kwupụtara atụmatụ ịkwalite Alaka Legler nke Ọbá Akwụkwọ Ọha Chicago na West Side. A ga-enweta ego maka nkwalite ahụ site na ịre ahịa Ọmụma na ihe ịtụnanya nke ọba akwụkwọ (1995). Mgbe nkatọ gasịrị, gụnyere site n'aka Marshall, onye isi obodo kagburu ire ere ahụ.[<ref>{{Cite news|author=Johnson|first=Steve|title=Chicago reverses course on planned auction of Kerry James Marshall painting|language=en-US|work=chicagotribune.com|url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/entertainment/museums/ct-ent-city-halts-auction-kerry-james-marshall-painting-1105-story.html|accessdate=November 7, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|author=Deb|first=Sopan|date=November 5, 2018|title=Chicago Pulls Kerry James Marshall Painting From Auction Following Criticism|language=en|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/11/05/arts/design/chicago-kerry-james-marshall-christies-auction.html|accessdate=November 7, 2018}}</ref> N'afọ 2021, Washington National Cathedral họọrọ Marshall site na Racial Justice Windows Project iji mepụta windo abụọ ọhụrụ. Ndị a na-anọchi windo ndị mbụ sitere na 1953, nke sọpụrụ ndị ọchịagha Confederate Robert E. Lee na Thomas "Stonewall" Jackson; katidral ahụ wepụrụ ma wepụ windo ndị ahụ na 2017. Windo ọhụrụ nke Marshall, nke akpọrọ "Ugbu a na Ruo Ebighị Ebi", bụ ọrụ mbụ nke onye na-ese ihe na-eji ugegbe eme ihe. A kpughere ha ma nyefee ha n'ihu ọha na katidral na Septemba 23, 2023. <ref name="Wash Post 0923">{{Cite news|author=Iati|first=Marisa|title=For $18.65, famous artist designs racial justice windows for National Cathedral|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/religion/2023/09/23/national-cathedral-kerry-james-marshall-windows/|work=Washington Post|accessdate=25 September 2023}}</ref> == Ihe ngosi == Marshall emeela ọtụtụ ihe ngosi na ihe ngosi n'onwe ya na ebe ngosi ihe mgbe ochie na gallery na United States na mba ụwa. Ihe ngosi ya gụnyere Kerry James Marshall, Telling Stories: Selected Paintings (1994-1995), nke sitere na Museum of Contemporary Art Cleveland;[1] Kerry James Marshall: Mementos (1998-2000), sitere na Renaissance Society, Chicago; [2] Along the Way (2005-2006), sitere na Camden Arts Center, [[London]] ;[3] Kerry James Marshall: Na Ụlọ elu (2013), National Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C.; [4] na Kerry James Marshall: Mastry (2016-2017), sitere na Museum of Contemporary Art, Chicago. .<ref>{{Cite web|title=Kerry James Marshall: Mastry|url=https://mcachicago.org/Exhibitions/2016/Kerry-James-Marshall|work=MCAChicago|publisher=[[Museum of Contemporary Art, Chicago]]|accessdate=2 May 2023}}</ref> E gosipụtakwara ọrụ ya n'ọtụtụ ihe ngosi otu, gụnyere Documenta X (1997); <ref>{{Cite web|title=Documenta X|url=https://www.documenta.de/en/retrospective/documenta_x|work=[[Documenta]]|accessdate=4 May 2023|archivedate=9 February 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180209023800/https://www.documenta.de/en/retrospective/documenta_x}}</ref> 50th Venice Biennale (2003); <ref>{{Cite journal|title=50th Venice Biennale|url=https://www.frieze.com/article/50th-venice-biennale-0|journal=[[Frieze (magazine)|frieze]]|date=10 September 2003|issue=77|accessdate=4 May 2023|author=Rondeau|first=James}}</ref> Documenta 12 (2007); <ref>{{Cite web|title=documenta 12|url=https://www.documenta.de/en/retrospective/documenta_12|work=[[Documenta]]|accessdate=4 May 2023|archivedate=4 May 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230504144846/https://www.documenta.de/en/retrospective/documenta_12}}</ref> na Afro-Atlantic Histories (2022). <ref>{{Cite journal|author=Quinn|first=Chase|title='Afro-Atlantic Histories' Quietly Rebuts Representations of the Black Experience|url=https://www.frieze.com/article/afro-atlantic-histories-national-gallery-2022-review|journal=[[Frieze (magazine)|Frieze]]|accessdate=4 May 2023|date=15 June 2022|issue=229}}</ref> == Ọrụ ndị a ma ama na nchịkọta ọha na eze ==   == Ndụ onwe onye == Ọ lụrụ onye na-ede egwuregwu, onye nduzi, onye na-eme ihe nkiri Cheryl Lynn Bruce . <ref name=":4"/> Ha zutere mgbe Bruce na-arụ ọrụ na Studio Museum na Harlem na Marshall na-amalite ebe obibi nka n'ebe ahụ.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Harrison|first=Lauren R.|title=Getting to know Cheryl Lynn Bruce|url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/ct-xpm-2010-02-05-1002030249-story.html|accessdate=October 17, 2020|work=chicagotribune.com|date=5 February 2010|language=en-US|quote=A few years later, Bruce was working at the Studio Museum in Harlem, where she met someone else who arrived in a Volkswagen: Marshall, who was to begin an art residency there.}}</ref> N'afọ 1987, Marshall sooro Bruce kwaga n'obodo ya na South Side nke Chicago, ebe ha lụrụ na 1989 na South Side Community Art Center.<ref name=":2"/> Nwa ya nwanyị bụ Onye nnọchi anya United States Sydney Kamlager-Dove. == Ihe nrite na nsọpụrụ == * 1997 - MacArthur Fellowship, MacArthur Foundation<ref>{{Cite web|title=Kerry James Marshall|url=https://www.macfound.org/fellows/558/|accessdate=May 21, 2016|work=MacArthur Foundation}}</ref><ref name="Whitehead"/> * 1999 - Doctorate Honorary, Otis College of Art and Design, Los Angeles, California<ref name=":3"/> * 2017 - Fifth Star Award, maka onyinye ya na Chicago, City of Chicago.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Kerry James Marshall Mural at the Chicago Cultural Center|url=https://www.cityofchicago.org/city/en/depts/dca/supp_info/kjm_mural.html|accessdate=December 12, 2017|work=Chicago Cultural Center, City of Chicago|language=en}}</ref> * 2022 - A họpụtara ya dị ka Honorary Royal Academician (HonRA) na 13 Disemba 2022 <ref>{{Cite web|title=Kerry James Marshall {{!}} Artist {{!}} Royal Academy of Arts|url=https://www.royalacademy.org.uk/art-artists/name/kerry-james-marshall-hon-ra|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230213152554/https://www.royalacademy.org.uk/art-artists/name/kerry-james-marshall-hon-ra|archivedate=13 February 2023|work=Royal Academy of Arts}}</ref> == Ihe nkiri == === Ihe nkiri === {| class="wikitable" !Afọ !Aha ihe nkiri !Ọrụ !Ihe edeturu |- |1991 |''Ụmụ nwanyị nke Uzuzu'' |Onye na-emepụta ihe |<ref>{{Cite web|title=Kerry James Marshall: Mementos|url=https://www.brooklynmuseum.org/opencollection/exhibitions/1189|accessdate=October 17, 2020|work=Brooklyn Museum|quote=He was production designer on a feature film by Julie Dash, Daughters of the Dust, and recently presented Doppler Incident as part of the Artist in Action series staged by Brooklyn Academy of Music and performed at the Kitchen.|archivedate=October 17, 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20201017111731/https://www.brooklynmuseum.org/opencollection/exhibitions/1189}}</ref> |} === Telivishọn === {| class="wikitable" !Afọ !Ihe ngosi telivishọn !Ihe omume !Ụdị !Ihe edeturu |- |2001 |''Art:21 - Art Na narị afọ nke iri abụọ na otu'' |Ihe e ji mara ya (Oge 1) |Telivishọn |Ihe omuma ihe omuma nke PBS.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Watch — Art21|language=en|work=Art21|url=https://art21.org/watch/?filter-series=s1|accessdate=August 5, 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Kerry James Marshall in 'Identity'|url=https://art21.org/watch/art-in-the-twenty-first-century/s1/kerry-james-marshall-in-identity-segment/|date=September 28, 2001|accessdate=October 17, 2020|work=Art21|language=en}}</ref> |} == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}}<ref>{{Cite web|title=Kerry James Marshall - Artworks & Biography|url=https://www.davidzwirner.com/artists/kerry-james-marshall|accessdate=2023-12-02|work=David Zwirner|language=en}}</ref> == Ịgụ ihe ọzọ == * Bekee, Darby. Ịkọwa Ndụ: Essays na Intersection of Art and Race Terror. New Haven: [[Yale University]] Press, N2019.   [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/9780300230383|9780300230383]] &nbsp;Isi nke 1, "Onye na-ese ihe na ndị uwe ojii". * {{Cite book|author=Haq|first=Nav|title=Kerry James Marshall: painting and other stuff|date=2013|isbn=978-94-6130-126-0|oclc=908324326}} * {{Cite book|author=Marshall|first=Kerry James|title=Kerry James Marshall: mementos|date=1998|isbn=978-0-941548-40-3|oclc=43702402}} * {{Cite book|author=Marshall|first=Kerry James|title=Kerry James Marshall|date=2000|publisher=H.N. Abrams|isbn=978-0-8109-3527-3|oclc=43318234}} * {{Cite book|author=Marshall|first=Kerry James|title=Kerry James Marshall: painting and other stuff|date=2014|isbn=978-94-6130-126-0|oclc=869741733}} * {{Cite book|author=Marshall|first=Kerry James|title=Kerry James Marshall: look see|date=2015|publisher=David Zwirner Books|isbn=978-1-941701-08-9|oclc=904542035}} * {{Cite book|author=Marshall|first=Kerry James|title=Kerry James Marshall: mastry|date=2016|publisher=National Geographic Books|isbn=978-0-8478-4833-1|oclc=948822926}} * [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji]   [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-0-7148-7155-4|978-0-7148-7155-4]] * Metropolitan Museum of Art. ''Kerry James Marshall: A'' Creative Convening. Usoro nzukọ, Jenụwarị 29, 2017. New York: Ebe Ngosi Ihe Mgbe Ochie, 2018. * [[Kobena Mercer|Mercer, Kobena]]: ''Njem & Lee: Omume nka Black Diaspora Kemgbe afọ 1980''. Durham: Duke University Press, 2016.   [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/978-0822360803|978-0822360803]]. &nbsp;Isi nke 17, "Kerry James Marshall, The Painter of Afro-Modern Life". * [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Nkà nke Nlaghachi: The Sixties & Contemporary Culture. Chicago: Mahadum nke Chicago Press, 2019.   [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/9780226521558|9780226521558]]. &nbsp;Akụkụ nke 3, "Ọgwụgwụ nke afọ iri isii". == Njikọ mpụga == * [http://www.tfaoi.com/aa/4aa/4aa279.htm Kerry James Marshall] na Miami Art MuseumEbe Ngosi Ihe Ochie nke Miami * [https://web.archive.org/web/20140514213329/http://fundaciotapies.org/site/spip.php?article7972 ''Kerry James Marshall Ihe osise na ihe ndị ọzọ'']. Ihe ngosi na Fundació Antoni Tàpies, Barcelona, Spain * [https://www.nytimes.com/2016/09/18/arts/design/kerry-james-marshall-met-breuer-mastry.html "Kerry James Marshall, Boldly Repainting Art History"], ''The New York Times'', September 9, 2016, nke Randy Kennedy dere * Susan Stamberg, "Kerry James Marshall: Ọnụnọ ojii na Art World Is 'Not Negotiable'", NPR, Morning Edition, March 28, 2017 * [https://www.aaa.si.edu/collections/interviews/oral-history-interview-kerry-james-marshall-13706#transcript "Nkwurịta okwu akụkọ ihe mere eme na Kerry James Marshall, 2008 August 8"], site na Archives of American Art, Smithsonian InstitutionỤlọ Ọrụ Smithsonian <references /> [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 0mitxvnptop4yuuz37amvijmxdlvtph 0 49582 696449 178780 2026-08-03T02:54:23Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 696449 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Tropical rain forest.jpg|thumb|List of ecoregions in Nigeria]]mgbaàmà biogeographic nke ihe dị iche iche dị ndụ nke ụwa, nke a maara dị ka Terrestrial Ecoregions of the World (TEOW), bụ ihe ọmụmụ 867 ecoregions nke kewara na 14 biomes.  Na mgbakwunye na ị mapụ zuru nke ụdị dị ndụ iche iche nke ụwa, TEOW na-ụdị nchekwa data zuru ụwa ọnụ maka ngwaahịa gburugburu ebe obibi na mkpa kacha mkpa, usoro ihe ọkụ biogeographic ezi uche maka Mpempe nchekwa buru ibu, ma ọ bụrụ  ịgụ akwụkwọ biogeographic, yana ntọala maka Global 200. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Terrestrial Ecoregions of the World (TEOW) {{!}} Tierras y Aguas {{!}} Organización de las Naciones Unidas para la Alimentación y la Agricultura {{!}} Land & Water {{!}} Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations|url=https://www.fao.org/land-water/land/land-governance/land-resources-planning-toolbox/category/details/es/c/1036295/|accessdate=2023-10-23|work=www.fao.org|archivedate=2023-10-29|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20231029043521/https://www.fao.org/land-water/land/land-governance/land-resources-planning-toolbox/category/details/es/c/1036295/}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=Terrestrial Ecoregions of the World {{!}} Data Basin|url=https://databasin.org/datasets/68635d7c77f1475f9b6c1d1dbe0a4c4c/|accessdate=2023-10-23|work=databasin.org}}</ref> N'otu aka ahụ, onye edemede ọzọ gosiri na e nwere biomes 14 dị iche iche, gụnyere oke ọhịa, ala ahịhịa, na ọzara, n'etiti 846 ecoregions nke mejupụtara mpaghara ahụ. Ecoregions dị iche na nha; otu agwaetiti St. Peter na St. Paul Rocks dị na Atlantic Ocean dị naanị 6 km2, ebe East Siberian Taiga bụ 39 nde km2. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Dempsey|first=Caitlin|date=2021-05-12|title=Terrestrial Ecoregions GIS Data|url=https://www.gislounge.com/terrestrial-ecoregions-gis-data/|accessdate=2023-10-23|work=GIS Lounge|language=en-US}}</ref> Ndị na-esonụ bụ ndepụta ecoregions na Nigeria, dị ka Worldwide Fund for Nature si kwuo . == terrestrial ecoregions == site na isi ebe obibi === Oke ohia sara mbara na ebe okpomọkụ dị n'okpuru mmiri === * [[Oké ọhịa ndị dị n'ugwu Cameroon|Oke oke ohia nke Cameroon]] * [[Oké ọhịa ndị na-agafe agafe na Niger|Ohia ntughari-Naijirịa]] * [[Oké ọhịa ndị dị n'ụsọ oké osimiri Cross-Sanaga-Bioko|Cross–Sanaga–Bioko ọhịa gbara osimiri okirikiri]] * [[Oké ọhịa mmiri nke Niger Delta|Niger Delta apiti ọhịa]] * Oke ohia ala Naijiria === Okpomọkụ na ala ahịhịa ndụ, savannas, na ala ahịhịa === * East Sudanian savanna * [[Osisi mara mma nke Guinea|Oke ọhịa Guinean-savanna mosaic]] * [[Ihe osise dị n'elu ugwu Mandara|Mandara Plateau mosaic]] * Northern Kongo ọhịa-savanna mosaic * Sahelian Acacia savanna * [[Ọzara ọdịda anyanwụ Sudan|West Sudanian savanna]] === Ugwu Montane na ala ahịhịa === * Oke ọhịa Jos Plateau – ahịhịa ahịhịa === Ala ahịhịa juru na savannas === * Ọdọ Mmiri Chad jupụtara na savanna === Mangroves === * [[Central African mangroves]] == Ecoregions mmiri ọhụrụ == ''site bioregion'' === Nilo-Sudan === * [[Bight Coastal]] * Ọdọ Mmiri Chad jidere * [[Lower Niger-Benue|N'okpuru Niger-Benue]] * [[Mba Mmiri|Niger Delta]] === West Coastal Equatorial === * [[Northern West Coastal Equatorial]] == Mmiri ecoregions == * [[Gulf of Guinea Central|Ọwara nke Guinea Central]] == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} * Burgess, Neil, Jennifer D'Amico Hales, Emma Underwood (2004). ''Ecoregions nke Africa na Madagascar: Nleba Nchekwa'' . Island Press, Washington DC. * Spalding, Mark D., Helen E. Fox, Gerald R. Allen, Nick Davidson ''et al.'' "Mmiri Ecoregions nke Ụwa: A Bioregionalization nke Coastal na Shelf Mpaghara". ''Bioscience'' Vol. 57 Nke 7, Julaị/August 2007, p. 573–583. * Thieme, Michelle L. (2005). ''Ecoregions mmiri dị ọhụrụ nke Africa na Madagascar: Ntụle nchekwa'' . Island Press, Washington DC. * Toham, Andre Kamdem ''et al.'', eds. (2006). ''Ọhụụ maka Nchekwa ụdịdị dị iche iche na Central Africa: Ihe ndị metụtara ndu maka nchekwa n'ime ọhịa Guinean-Congolian na mpaghara mmiri ọhụrụ'' . World Wildlife Fund, Washington DC. Ibe A-52. 6lcu8u6r0lqzhk5ctcpnmi3fjet8tpb 0 50178 696445 196381 2026-08-03T01:41:13Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 3 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 696445 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Lee Min-gi 2019-01-04.jpg|thumb|Lee Min-ki]] '''Lee Min-ki''' (amuru Jenụwarị 16, 1985) bụ onye omere, onye ọbụ abụ na ihe nlere South Korea. Ọrụ izizi Lee na telivishọn bụ na ihe nkiri egwuregwu 2005 ''Taereung National Village'' . Ọ gara n'ihu na kpakpando n'ọtụtụ usoro telivishọn, gụnyere ''Ịhụnanya n'ezie'' (2006), ''Dal-ja's Spring'' (2007), ''N'ihi na Nke a bụ Ndụ Mbụ M'' (2017), ''Mma N'ime'' (2018), ''My Liberation Notes'' (2022) na ''N'azụ aka gị'' (2023). Lee nwekwara kpakpando na ihe nkiri ihe nkiri, ọkachasị na igbe igbe akụ ''Tidal Wave'' (2009), ''Quick'' (2011), ''Spellbound'' (2011) na ''Di na Nwunye Nkịtị'' (2013). == Ọrụ == === Ime ihe === Mgbe o mechara ihe nkiri ya na ihe nkiri otu ihe, Lee Min-ki buru ụzọ nweta ama ama na telivishọn na ihe nkiri ịhụnanya ''Love Truly'' (2006) na ''Dal-ja's Spring'' (2007). <ref name="spring">{{Cite web|url=http://english.kbs.co.kr/hallyu/entertainment_news_view.html?No=247|title='Dalja's Spring' Off to Good Start|work=KBS Global|date=April 1, 2007}}</ref> <ref name="truly">{{Cite web|url=http://content.mbc.co.kr/english/news/1670244_56318.html|title=< Love Truly > Makes a Good Start~!|work=MBC Global Media|date=February 14, 2008}}</ref> Mgbe ahụ, ọ kpalitere na usoro nzuzo dị ala nke ''Evasive Ajụjụ Agency'' (2007) <ref name="gold">{{Cite web|url=http://www.sisain.co.kr/?mod=news&act=articleView&idxno=574|date=November 26, 2007|work=Sisain|language=ko}}</ref> na ihe nkiri ndị ọzọ na-emepụta ihe na indies dị ka ''Oishii Man'' (2009). <ref name="man">{{Cite web|author=Lee|first=Hyo-won|title=Oishii Man: Magic of Love, Youth|url=https://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/art/2009/09/141_39855.html|work=[[The Korea Times]]|date=February 19, 2009}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|author=Shin|first=Hae-in|title=Being a bit of both proves difficult in ''Oishi man''|url=http://english.yonhapnews.co.kr/culturesports/2009/02/11/60/0703000000AEN20090211002000315F.HTML|work=[[Yonhap News Agency]]|date=February 11, 2009}}</ref> Ọ nwetara ọkwa mara mma maka ọrụ nkwado ya na thriller ''A Million'' dị ka onye na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ nke mmiri na-atụgharị anya na-ahụta onwe ya na ihe ngosi nke nlanarị, <ref name="million">{{Cite web|url=http://news.khan.co.kr/kh_news/khan_art_view.html?art_id=200908061741445|date=August 6, 2009|work=Khan|language=ko}}</ref> na ihe nkiri ọdachi ''Tidal Wave'', nke ọ na-egwu onye na-echebe ndụ. na-achụ àjà na-agbawa obi mgbe mbufịt mbufịt dakwasịrị n'obodo Haeundae nke dị n'ụsọ osimiri Korea. <ref name="acting">{{Cite web|author=Ki|first=Sun-min|url=http://koreajoongangdaily.joins.com/news/article/article.aspx?aid=2908375|title=Lee Min-ki revels in the art of acting|date=August 6, 2009|work=[[Korea JoongAng Daily]]|accessdate=August 5, 2024|archivedate=April 26, 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220426174219/https://koreajoongangdaily.joins.com/news/article/article.aspx?aid=2908375}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.asiae.co.kr/news/view.htm?idxno=2009102923590056244|title=[INTERVIEW] Lee Min-ki (1)|date=November 30, 2009|work=10Asia}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.asiae.co.kr/news/view.htm?idxno=2009102923585054562|title=[INTERVIEW] Lee Min-ki (2)|date=November 30, 2009|work=10Asia}}</ref> Lee wee kwadoo ọkwa kpakpando ihe nkiri ya nke ọma site n'ọrụ ndị isi ya na ihe nkiri ihe nkiri ''Quick'' and romantic comedy ''Spellbound'' . <ref name="quick">{{Cite web|url=http://www.asiae.co.kr/news/view.htm?idxno=2010042910352797873|title=Lee Min-ki tapped to play lead in new Yoon Je-kyun pic|date=April 29, 2010|work=10Asia}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/art/2011/08/141_89309.html|title=Quick promises fastest Korean blockbuster ever|date=June 21, 2011|work=[[The Korea Times]]}}</ref> <ref name="spell">{{Cite web|url=http://www.asiae.co.kr/news/view.htm?idxno=2011041210382734729|title=Son Ye-jin, Lee Min-ki finish shooting new romance flick|date=April 12, 2011|work=10Asia}}</ref> Lee gbara ya na Kim Min-hee n'ime ihe nkiri mmekọrịta ''dị na Di na Nwunye Nnọkọ'' (2013), ọmarịcha ụlọ ọrụ igbe enwetara nke ọma. <ref name="couple">{{Cite web|url=http://en.tenasia.com/archives/12537|title=Kim Min-hee, Lee Min-ki Wraps Up Shooting Romance Pic|date=October 29, 2012|work=10Asia|accessdate=August 5, 2024|archivedate=November 11, 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20201111074645/http://en.tenasia.com/archives/12537}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.koreanfilm.or.kr/eng/news/news.jsp?pageIndex=1&blbdComCd=601006&seq=2300&mode=VIEW&returnUrl=&searchKeyword=|title=Unusual Love Stories|date=March 8, 2013|work=Korean Film Biz Zone}}</ref> Ọ gbasoro ọrụ ndị isi na thriller ''Monster'' (2014), <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://mwave.interest.me/en/kpop-news/article/61215/interview-leeminki-talks-about-his-new-movie-monster|title=[Interview] Lee Min Ki Transforms into Killer for ′Monster′|work=enewsWorld|date=May 2, 2014|archivedate=August 18, 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160818161625/http://mwave.interest.me/en/kpop-news/article/61215/interview-leeminki-talks-about-his-new-movie-monster}}</ref> <ref name="monster">{{Cite web|url=http://www.koreanfilm.or.kr/eng/news/news.jsp?mode=VIEW&seq=2933|title=Press Conference Held for MONSTER|date=February 24, 2014|work=Korean Film Biz Zone}}</ref> action noir ''For the Emperor'' (2014), <ref name="emperor">{{Cite web|url=http://www.koreanfilm.or.kr/jsp/news/news.jsp?mode=VIEW&seq=2819|title=LEE Min-ki Headlines NEW Action Noir|work=Korean Film Biz Zone|date=December 11, 2013}}</ref> na ihe nkiri ihe nkiri ''Shoot Me in the Heart'' (2015), dabere na akwụkwọ akụkọ na-ere ere nke otu. Aha ya bụ Jeong Yu-jeong. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://koreajoongangdaily.joins.com/news/article/article.aspx?aid=2999988|title='Shoot Me' takes aim at viewers' emotions|date=January 23, 2015|work=[[Korea JoongAng Daily]]|accessdate=August 5, 2024|archivedate=September 23, 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210923172751/https://koreajoongangdaily.joins.com/news/article/article.aspx?aid%3D2999988}}</ref> <ref name="shoot">{{Cite web|url=http://www.bntnews.co.uk/app/news.php?nid=11832|title=[Interview] Lee Min Ki, "I'm Acting With Yeo Jin Gu In My Next Film"|date=June 23, 2014|work=BNT News|accessdate=August 5, 2024|archivedate=January 4, 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150104152223/http://www.bntnews.co.uk/app/news.php?nid=11832}}</ref> Na 2017, Lee gbara egwu na ihe nkiri ịhụnanya-atọ ọchị ''n'ihi na Nke a bụ ndụ mbụ m'' megide Jung So-min, nke bụbu ọrụ izizi telivishọn mbụ ya na afọ 10. <ref name="life">{{Cite web|url=http://koreajoongangdaily.joins.com/news/article/article.aspx?aid=3036727|title=Jung So-min, Lee Min-ki join tvN fall drama|date=August 4, 2017|work=[[Korea JoongAng Daily]]}}</ref> Nke a sochiri ya na fantasy melodrama ''The Beauty Inside'' (2018), dabere na ihe nkiri ịhụnanya ịhụnanya 2015 nke otu aha. Ọ na-egwuri nwoke na-arịa prosopagnosia . <ref name="beauty">{{Cite web|url=https://www.hancinema.net/beauty-inside--drama-seo-hyun-jin-and-lee-min-ki-top-billing-for-drama-recreation-of-popular-film-120200.html|title="Beauty Inside - Drama" Seo Hyun-jin and Lee Min-ki Top Billing for Drama Recreation of Popular Film|date=July 8, 2018|work=[[HanCinema]]|publisher=Newsen}}</ref> N'afọ 2019, Lee laghachiri na obere ihuenyo chere Lee Yoo-ntorobịa na ihe nkiri nchọpụta mpụ ''The Lies Inin'' dị ka onye nyocha Jo Tae-sik. <ref name="Lies">{{Cite web|url=http://news1.kr/articles/?3638637|title=[공식입장] 이민기X이유영, '모두의 거짓말' 출연 확정…하반기 방송|language=ko|date=June 5, 2019|work=News1|author=Kim Min-ji}}</ref> Na Jenụwarị 13, 2020, ekwuputara na Lee ga-eme ihe nkiri egwu egwu egwu ''[[Three Days (upcoming film)|ụbọchị atọ]]'' n'akụkụ Park Shin-yang na Lee Re . <ref name="entertain.naver.com">{{Cite web|url=https://entertain.naver.com/now/read?oid=117&aid=0003322577|title=박신양X이민기, '사흘'로 스크린 컴백…"데뷔 첫 오컬트 영화 도전" [공식입장]|work=[[Naver]]|date=January 13, 2020}}</ref> N'afọ 2021, Lee gbara aka na Nana na ihe nkiri ịhụnanya MBC ''Oh My Ladylord'' . <ref name="n.news.naver.com">{{Cite web|url=https://n.news.naver.com/entertain/article/076/0003626815|title=[공식]로코 '오! 주인님' 이민기X나나, 출연 확정..2021년 3월 방송|work=[[Naver]]|date=September 8, 2020}}</ref> Mgbe nkwekọrịta ya na ụlọ ọrụ mbụ ya gwụchara na Septemba 2021, Lee bịanyere aka na Yeongsang ENT nkwekọrịta. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://entertain.naver.com/now/read?oid=108&aid=0002985567|author=Kim Mi-hwa|title=이민기, 신생 엔터 상영이엔티와 전속계약 [공식]|work=Star News|date=September 2, 2021|accessdate=September 2, 2021|language=ko}}</ref> N'otu afọ ahụ, ọ sonyeere usoro telivishọn JTBC ''My Liberation Notes'' nke ewepụtara na Eprel 2022. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ nke Yeom Chang-hee, onye nke abụọ n'ime ụmụnne atọ na-enweghị ezigbo ebumnuche na ndụ. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://n.news.naver.com/entertain/article/438/0000044825|author=Park Jae-hwan|title=이민기 "꿈도, 욕망도, 속도 없는 둘째" JTBC드라마 <나의 해방일지>|publisher=KBS Entertainment|date=March 17, 2022|accessdate=June 4, 2022|language=ko}}</ref> === Ịbụ abụ === Mgbe o mechara ụdị nke " My Way " na 2008 Mnet KM Music Festival, Lee gbaziri olu ya na egwu ya na onye Korea electronica/pop onye na-agụ egwú Sheean na mmekorita ya na Japanese electronica / Shibuya-kei artist FreeTEMPO. E wepụtara egwu a nke akpọrọ "Ike nke ịhụnanya," ka ewepụtara dị ka igwe dijitalụ, Lee pụtakwara na vidiyo egwu ahụ. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.newsen.com/news_view.php?uid=200809260904481001|title=이민기, 프리템포-시언 'Power of Love' 피처링 도전 화제|date=September 26, 2008|work=Newsen|language=ko}}</ref> On August 11, 2009, o kpughere ya mpụta mbụ musical ''No Kidding'', a six track EP with a very indie-electro rock sound. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.newsen.com/news_view.php?uid=200908130744201001|date=August 13, 2009|work=Newsen|language=ko}}</ref> Egwu egwu album a "Eternal Summer" bụ nke mbụ na naanị otu ewepụtara. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://enews.imbc.com/News/RetrieveNewsInfo/3701|date=September 24, 2009|work=[[iMBC]]|language=ko}}</ref> N'afọ 2013, o wepụtara egwu abụọ akpọrọ "Ụbọchị ndị ahụ mụ na gị nwere" na "Ihe niile" na mmekorita ya na Gold Coast. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://enewsworld.interest.me/enews/contents.asp?idx=31438|title=Lee Min Ki Sings for Temperature of Love|date=March 15, 2013|work=enewsWorld|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140524081037/http://mwave.interest.me/enewsworld/en/article/31438/lee-min-ki-sings-for-movie-ost|archivedate=May 24, 2014}}</ref> == Ndụ onwe onye == Lee debanye aha maka ọrụ agha amanyere ya iwu na Ọgọst 7, 2014, e kenye ya ya dị ka onye ọrụ ọha. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Lee|first=Sun-min|title=Lee to start military service next month|url=http://koreajoongangdaily.joins.com/news/article/Article.aspx?aid=2992247|work=[[Korea JoongAng Daily]]|date=July 22, 2014|accessdate=August 5, 2024|archivedate=September 18, 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180918091120/http://koreajoongangdaily.joins.com/news/article/article.aspx?aId=2992247}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|author=Ha|first=Soo-jung|title=Lee Min Ki Revealed to Have Enlisted in the Army 8/7|url=http://mwave.interest.me/enewsworld/en/article/72977/leeminki-goes-to-the-army|work=enewsWorld|date=August 8, 2014|archivedate=August 8, 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140808212515/http://mwave.interest.me/enewsworld/en/article/72977/leeminki-goes-to-the-army}}</ref> A tọhapụrụ ya n'August 2016. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.kpopherald.com/view.php?ud=201602031818110946413_2|title=Stars whose military service ends in 2016|work=[[Kpop Herald]]|date=February 3, 2016}}</ref> == Ihe nkiri == === Ihe nkiri === {| class="wikitable" !Year !Title !Role !Notes !Ref. |- |2006 |''Riverbank Legends'' |High school student #7 |Special appearance | |- |2007 |''A Good Day to Have an Affair'' |College student | |<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.cine21.com/news/view/?mag_id=41296|date=September 5, 2006|work=[[Cine21]]|language=ko}}</ref> |- | rowspan="2" |2008 |''Humming'' |Oh Chun-jae |Special appearance |<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://osen.mt.co.kr/article/G0801300047|date=January 30, 2008|work=Osen|language=ko}}</ref> |- |''Romantic Island'' |Lee Jung-hwan | |<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/art/2008/12/141_36732.html|title=Romantic Island Loses Spark|date=December 25, 2008|work=[[The Korea Times]]}}</ref> |- | rowspan="3" |2009 |''Oishii Man'' |Kim Hyun-seok | |<ref name="man"/> |- |''Tidal Wave'' |Choi Hyeong-sik | |<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://news.jkn.co.kr/articles/311639/20090825/%EC%9D%B4%EB%AF%BC%EA%B8%B0-%ED%95%B4%EC%9A%B4%EB%8C%80-%EC%84%B1%EA%B3%B5-%EB%B9%84%EA%B2%B0%EC%9D%80-%EB%A9%8B%EC%A7%84-%EC%BA%90%EB%A6%AD%ED%84%B0%EA%B0%80-%EC%97%86%EB%8B%A4%EB%8A%94-%EA%B2%83.htm|date=August 25, 2009|work=JKN|language=ko}}</ref> |- |''A Million'' |Park Cheol-hee | |<ref name="million"/> |- | rowspan="2" |2011 |''Quick'' |Han Ki-su | |<ref name="quick"/> |- |''Spellbound'' |Ma Jo-goo | |<ref name="spell"/> |- |2013 |''Very Ordinary Couple'' |Lee Dong-hee | |<ref name="couple"/> |- | rowspan="2" |2014 |''Monster'' |Tae-soo | |<ref name="monster"/> |- |''For the Emperor'' |Lee Hwan | |<ref name="emperor"/> |- |2015 |''Shoot Me in the Heart'' |Ryu Seung-min | |<ref name="shoot"/> |- |2018 |''Detective K: Secret of the Living Dead'' |Jeon In-kyul |Special appearance |<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.koreanfilm.or.kr/jsp/news/news.jsp?pageIndex=1&blbdComCd=601006&seq=4380&mode=VIEW&returnUrl=&searchKeyword=|title=DETECTIVE K Team Returns for 2018 Threequel|work=Korean Film Biz Zone|date=July 14, 2017}}</ref> |- |2022 |''Decibel'' |Captain Hwang |Special appearance |<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://entertain.naver.com/movie/now/read?oid=117&aid=0003516009|author=Kim Na-ra|title=이민기, 김래원X이종석 '데시벨' 특별출연…"황인호 감독과 의리" [공식]|publisher=[[Naver]]|work=mydaily|date=July 12, 2021|accessdate=July 12, 2021|language=ko}}</ref> |- | rowspan=2 {{TBA}} |'' Three Days'' |Priest Van | |<ref name="entertain.naver.com"/> |- |} == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * Official website (in Korean) * Lee Min-ki at HanCinema * {{IMDb name|2523105}} * Lee Min-ki at the Korean Movie Database [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] q2g508l9foee91nrlek379b5ugl68it 0 50252 696444 673876 2026-08-02T23:12:58Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 696444 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faịlụ:"TOKYO BURST" Japan Premiere 水上恒司.png|thumb]] Koshi Mizukami (水上恒司, Mizukami Kōshi, born 12 May 1999) is a Japanese actor. Until August 2022 he worked under the stage name Kenshi Okada (岡田健史).<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=岡田健史、インスタでも事務所退所を報告 「水上恒司の血肉骨に宿らせて生きて参ります」 – スポニチ Sponichi Annex 芸能|url=https://www.sponichi.co.jp/entertainment/news/2022/08/31/kiji/20220831s00041000689000c.html|accessdate=16 August 2023|work=スポニチ Sponichi Annex|language=ja}}</ref> == Ndụ mbido == A mụrụ Mizukami na 12 May 1999 na Higashi ward, Fukuoka Prefecture . <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.oricon.co.jp/prof/738607/|title=水上恒司|accessdate=May 2, 2024|work=Oricon}}</ref> Ọ malitere ịgba bọọlụ na klas nke abụọ nke ụlọ akwụkwọ elementrị ma bụrụkwa onye na-akụ azụ. <ref>{{Cite web|author=INC|first=SANKEI DIGITAL|date=2 November 2018|title=【スポーツ記者リポート】阪神のドラ5川原の先輩はドラマで活躍中の新人俳優|url=https://www.sankei.com/article/20181102-WQQIVPR2JRPBPAS22WBUQ5NX3I/|accessdate=16 August 2023|work=産経ニュース|language=ja}}</ref> Ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Soseikan High School. <ref name="taiga2021">{{Cite web|title=岡田健史 初の大河出演！母校の"甲子園出場"刺激に「"叫び"にぜひ注目して」 – スポニチ Sponichi Annex 芸能|url=https://www.sponichi.co.jp/entertainment/news/2020/07/11/kiji/20200710s00041000516000c.html|accessdate=16 August 2023|work=スポニチ Sponichi Annex|language=ja}}</ref> Na mgbakwunye, Riku Kawahara [ ja ] nke ndị otu egwuregwu baseball ọkachamara [[Hanshin Tigers]] bụ nwata na klọb baseball, Mizukami bụ onye na-akụ azụ na Kawahara bụ onye ọkpọ. <ref>{{Cite web|title=阪神ドラ5川原の野望 ビッグになって俳優・岡田健史先輩と再会を – スポニチ Sponichi Annex 野球|url=https://www.sponichi.co.jp/baseball/news/2019/01/07/kiji/20190107s00001173065000c.html|accessdate=18 August 2023|work=スポニチ Sponichi Annex|language=ja}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|author=INC|first=SANKEI DIGITAL|date=2 November 2018|title=【スポーツ記者リポート】阪神のドラ5川原の先輩はドラマで活躍中の新人俳優|url=https://www.sankei.com/article/20181102-WQQIVPR2JRPBPAS22WBUQ5NX3I/|accessdate=18 August 2023|work=[[Sankei Shimbun]]|language=ja}}</ref> == Ọrụ == N'oge oyi nke afọ mbụ nke ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị nke obere, ụlọ ọrụ ntụrụndụ Spice Power (nkewa nwoke nke Sweet Power lebara ya anya nke mbụ. ). Mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, ụlọ ọrụ ahụ na-achụ ya afọ ise, mana ọ nọgidere na-ajụ ihe a nyere ya ka ọ na-emikpu na baseball ma na-achọ igwu egwu na Koshien . <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=有村架純の相手役、19歳新人の岡田健史に決定 – ドラマ : 日刊スポーツ|url=https://www.nikkansports.com/entertainment/news/201808200000079.html|accessdate=16 August 2023|work=nikkansports.com|language=ja}}</ref> N'afọ 2017, mgbe ọ hapụrụ ụlọ egwuregwu bọọlụ mgbe ọ nọ n'afọ nke atọ nke ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị, onye nkuzi bụ onye ndụmọdụ ụlọ egwuregwu ihe nkiri lebara ya anya ma kpọọ ya dị ka onye otu kamikaze n'ọrụ a na-akpọ " ''Hair combing August'' " wee sonye na asọmpi ihe nkiri nke ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị prefectural. <ref name=":0"/> Ọrụ a ga-emeri ihe nrite kachasị elu na ngọngọ Kyushu nke asọmpi prefectural ma kwadoro ya maka asọmpi mba. Otú ọ dị, nke a abịaghị n'ihi usoro nke asọmpi ihe nkiri ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị, bụ nke a na-eme n'ime afọ ruo na asọmpi ngọngọ na asọmpi mba, mana Mizukami gụsịrị akwụkwọ na ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị n'afọ sochirinụ, ya mere ọ nweghị ike. ịsọ mpi maka asọmpi mba. <ref name=":0" /> Na mbụ, ọ zubere ịga mahadum wee gaa n'ihu na-egwu baseball, mana ka o sonye na asọmpi prefectural, ọ malitere ịchọ ịghọ onye na-eme ihe nkiri. Nne na nna ya, bụ ndị megidere mkpebi ya na mbụ bịara n'ikpeazụ n'ihi na ha nwere mmasị na mpụta mbụ ya. <ref name=":0" /> == Ihe nkiri == === Ihe nkiri === === Ihe nkiri onyonyo === {| class="wikitable sortable" !Afọ ! Aha ! Ọrụ ! class="unsortable" | Ihe ndetu ! class="unsortable" | Ref. |- | 2018 | ''Zute m ka m gachara akwụkwọ'' | Akira Kuroiwa | | <ref name=":0"/> |- | rowspan="2" | 2019 | ''Dọkịta-X: Dọkịta na-awa Michiko Daimon'' oge 6 | Kiyoaki Yokkaichi | Nkeji 4 | <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.oricon.co.jp/news/2147679/full/|title=岡田健史、『ドクターX』第4話出演「ゲスト患者の中でも印象に残る存在に」|accessdate=August 17, 2023|work=Oricon}}</ref> |- | ''Ị cheghị na ụmụ agbọghọ ndị na-asụ n'olumba Hakata mara mma?'' | Miyako Azuma | Ọrụ ndu; otu ihe nkiri | <ref name="hakataben">{{Cite web|date=26 July 2019|title=岡田健史：初主演作「博多弁の女の子はかわいいと思いませんか?」がHuluで2位に ローカルドラマ初の快挙|url=https://mantan-web.jp/article/20190726dog00m200046000c.html|accessdate=16 August 2023|work=MANTANWEB（まんたんウェブ）|language=ja-JP}}</ref> |- | rowspan="2" | 2020 | ''Ezi akụkọ egwu 2020'' | Yohei Nke | Ọrụ ndu; otu ihe nkiri | <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://thetv.jp/program/0000990270/4/|title=第3話 ほんとにあった怖い話 2020特別編「訳ありのカラオケ店」|accessdate=May 2, 2024|work=The Television}}</ref> |- | ''MIU404'' | Yohito Kokonoe | | <ref name="MIU404">{{Cite web|url=http://www.tvdrama-db.com/drama_info/p/id-67018|title=MIU404|accessdate=August 17, 2023|work=TV drama database}}</ref> |- | rowspan="2" | 2021 | ''Rute Beyond the Blue Sky'' | Odaka Heikuru | Ihe nkiri <nowiki><i id="mwATM">Taiga</i></nowiki> | <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://thetv.jp/program/0000964902/cast/|title=青天を衝(つ)けの出演者・キャスト一覧|accessdate=May 2, 2024|work=The Television}}</ref> |- | ''Kpao Nwa m nwanyi!'' | Hikaru Irino | | <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.oricon.co.jp/news/2186079/full/|title=岡田健史、『ウチカレ』光役への思いをつづる「役に役者が育てられる、という現象を、身をもって経験できた」|accessdate=May 2, 2024|work=Oricon}}</ref> |- | rowspan="2" | 2023 | ''Cinderella nke Midsummer'' | Sosuke Hayakawa | | <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.oricon.co.jp/news/2279247/full/|title=森七菜&間宮祥太朗が月9W初主演 男女8人の恋愛群像劇、神尾楓珠&吉川愛ら主要キャストも発表|accessdate=May 17, 2023|work=Oricon}}</ref> |- | ''Boogie Woogie'' | Aisuke Murayama | ''Asadora'' | <ref name="asadora2023">{{Cite web|title=2023年度後期 連続テレビ小説『ブギウギ』キャスト発表 第2弾 – NHK|url=https://www.nhk.jp/g/blog/dt-07nxril/|accessdate=16 August 2023|work=NHKドラマ|language=ja|archivedate=22 September 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230922020915/https://www.nhk.jp/g/blog/dt-07nxril/}}</ref> |- |} === Akụkọ === {| class="wikitable sortable" !Afọ ! Aha ! class="unsortable" | Ihe ndetu ! class="unsortable" | Ref. |- | 2019 | ''Telementary "Na-agwa Hiroshima-Nagasaki Peace Messenger"'' | | |- | 2020 | ''Ederede TV serial nri "Achọrọ m iso gị rie ihe"'' | | |- | 2022 | ''Heartnet TV "Ònye ka m bụ? Ụmụaka a mụrụ na AID"'' | | <ref>{{Cite web|author=日本放送協会|title=ハートネットTV 私は何者～AIDで生まれた子どもたち～ {{!}} NHK ハートネットTV|url=https://www.nhk.or.jp/heart-net/program/heart-net/2217/|accessdate=8 November 2023|work=NHK福祉情報サイト ハートネット|language=ja}}</ref> |- |} == ÑIhe nrite na nhọpụta == {| class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders" |+Afọ ewepụtara, aha emume nturu ugo, otu, onye ahọpụtara ihe nrite ahụ, na nsonaazụ nhọpụta ahụ. ! scope="col" | Afọ ! scope="col" | emume nturu ugo ! scope="col" | Otu ! scope="col" | Ọrụ ahọpụtara ! scope="col" | Nsonaazụ ! class="unsortable" scope="col" | Ref. |- | rowspan="1" | 2018 | 28th ''TV Life'' Drama Grand Prize | Onye bịara ọhụrụ nke afọ | ''Zute m ka m gachara akwụkwọ''| {{Won}} | <ref name="28TVLife">{{Cite web|title=TV LIFE年間ドラマ大賞 受賞リスト|url=https://www.tvlife.jp/dramaaward|accessdate=18 August 2023|work=TV LIFE web|language=ja}}</ref> |- | 2020 | 33rd Nikkan ihe nkiri ihe nkiri | Ihe nrite onye bịara ọhụrụ nke Yujirọ Ishihara | ''Ihe niile gbasara March'', ''The Legacy of Dr. Death: Black File'', and ''Hope''| {{Won}} | <ref>{{Cite web|title=『鬼滅の刃』石原裕次郎賞受賞 『罪の声』が「日刊スポーツ映画大賞」作品賞に|url=https://www.oricon.co.jp/news/2180507/full/|accessdate=18 August 2023|work=ORICON NEWS}}</ref> |- | 2021 | Ihe nrite ihe nkiri Japan Academy nke 44 | Ihe nrite onye na-eme ihe nkiri ọhụrụ | ''Ihe niile gbasara March'', ''The Legacy of Dr. Death: Black File'', and ''Hope''| {{Won}} | <ref>{{Cite web|date=27 January 2021|title=『日本アカデミー賞』新人俳優賞発表 永瀬廉・森七菜・岡田健史・蒔田彩珠・奥平大兼・服部樹咲|url=https://www.oricon.co.jp/news/2182833/full/|accessdate=18 August 2023|work=ORICON NEWS}}</ref> |- | 2024 | Ihe nrite ihe nkiri Japan Academy nke 47 | Onye na-eme ihe nkiri kacha mma | ''Ruo mgbe anyị ga-ezute ọzọ na Lily Hill''| {{Nom}} | <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.oricon.co.jp/news/2311800/full/|title=『第47回 日本アカデミー賞』受賞者・作品発表 授賞式司会は羽鳥慎一、岸井ゆきの【コメント全文】|accessdate=January 25, 2024|work=Oricon}}</ref> |- |} == Akwụkwọ akụkọ == === Akwụkwọ foto === * ''Kodou'' (12 Juun 2019) <ref>{{Cite web|author=Iñc|first=Natashì|title=岡田健史の1st写真集「鼓動」、発売前重版が決定|url=https://natalie.mu/eiga/news/331010|accessdate=18 August 2023|work=映画ナタリー|language=ja|archivedate=15 July 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230715062931/https://natalie.mu/eiga/news/331010}}</ref> === Kalenda === * " ''Kenshi Okada kalenda 2020.04 - 2021.03'' " (14 February 2020) <ref>{{Cite web|date=15 December 2019|title=俳優・岡田健史「皆様と一緒に素敵な1年間を過ごせたら」 カレンダー発売＆イベント開催決定|url=https://realsound.jp/book/2019/12/post-462314.html|accessdate=18 August 2023|work=Real Sound｜リアルサウンド ブック|language=ja}}</ref> * " ''Kenshi Okada kalenda 2021.04 - 2022.03'' " (12 February 2021) <ref>{{Cite web|date=20 December 2020|title=岡田健史のカレンダーが発売！"プライベート旅"テーマに初挑戦も｜シネマトゥデイ|url=https://www.cinematoday.jp/news/N0120610|accessdate=18 August 2023|work=シネマトゥデイ|language=ja}}</ref> == Ihe ndetu == == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 4jdzjbsf3vbnnymybkvlawtue7c0oq8 0 51318 696451 185828 2026-08-03T03:50:45Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 696451 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Luca Profeta''' (amuru 22 Febrụwarị 1990) bu onye [[Footbọl|egwuregwu bọọlụ]] Italy nke na-egwu egwu dị ka onye na-agbachitere Prima Divisione club Pergocrema . == Ọrụ klọb == Amụrụ na Milan, Lombardy, Profeta nọrọ ọrụ ntorobịa ya na Internazionale, na mbụ dị ka onye ọkpọ egwuregwu . Ọ gbara site na ''Giovanissimi Regionali B Team'' ruo ''Allievi Nazionali Team'' (oge 2006 – 07). Na Jenụwarị 2008, a gbaziri ya na Pro Sesto tinyere Fabio Perissinotto, na-abanye Inter-mate Andrea Bavena, Cristiano Biraghi, Samuele Beretta, Marco Buonanno, Nicolò De Cesare, Mattia Dell'Aera, Domenico Maiese, Marco Puntoriere na Davide Tremolada. <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.inter.it/aas/news/reader?N=29493&L=en|title=Youngsters return from loan periods|date=1 July 2008|accessdate=6 September 2010|work=FC Internazionale Milano|publisher=www.inter.it}}</ref> Ọ nọrọ oge 2 na klọb Serie D Colognese . Na oge 2009-10 ọ gbara ugboro 27. Na August 2010, Prima Divisione club Pergocrema bịanyere aka na ya. <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.tuttolegapro.com/?action=read&idnotizia=12219|title=Pergocrema, preso Profeta dalla Colognese|date=15 August 2010|accessdate=3 November 2010|work=Tutto Lega Pro|language=Italian}}</ref> Ọ gbara bọọlụ otu ugboro na [[2010–11 Coppa Italia Lega Pro]] megide Renate . <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.uspergocrema.it/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1168&Itemid=10|title=Pergocrema-Renate 3-2|date=26 August 2010|accessdate=3 November 2010|work=US Pergocrema 1932|language=Italian}}</ref> == Ọrụ mba ụwa == Profeta gbara Italy naanị na ọkwa U-16 . Profeta nwetara oku izizi ya ruo 2005 ''Torneo Giovanile di Natale'' Na Disemba 2005. <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.figc.it/Assets/contentresources_2/ContenutoGenerico/65.$plit/C_2_ContenutoGenerico_5878_upfDownload.pdf|title=Comunicato Stampa|date=22 December 2005|accessdate=14 November 2011|work=FIGC|language=Italian}}</ref> Ọ gụchara dị ka onye na-agba ọsọ na asọmpi ntorobịa e mere na Montaigu, Vendée, France. <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.figc.it/Assets/contentresources_2/ContenutoGenerico/2.$plit/C_2_ContenutoGenerico_6104_upfDownload.pdf|title=Convocazione "Nazionale under 16"|date=7 April 2006|accessdate=24 October 2011|work=FIGC|language=Italian}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablesm/montaigu06.html|title=Tournoi de Montaigu 2006}}</ref> Ọ gbara 3 n'ime egwuregwu 4 enwere ike, ọ tụfuru naanị gbaa gburugburu 2 wee malite ugboro abụọ na gburugburu 1 na 3. == Nkwanye ugwu == ; Ndị ntorobịa Pro Sesto * ''Campionato Nazionale Dante Berretti'' : 2008 <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.pescaracalcio.com/giovanili/archivio-news/1624-berretti-pro-sesto-pescara-4-0.html|title=BERRETTI: Pro Sesto - Pescara 4-0|date=2 June 2008|accessdate=6 November 2011|work=Pescara Calcio|language=Italian}}</ref> == Ntụaka == mgbe nna ya bụ onye isi nchịkwa nke otu mbụ. O mere mpụta mbụ otu ya na-abịa na nkeji{{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * [http://www.figc.it/nazionali/DettaglioConvocato?codiceConvocato=3108&squadra=5 FIGC] (in Italian) * [https://web.archive.org/web/20240830041957/http://www.laseried.com/giocatori-cnd/Difensore/luca-profeta-1165.php Profaịlụ LaSerieD.com] (in Italian) [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] oxq7k7odihh0o52bf6e8li2uor8cb6v 0 51399 696461 188073 2026-08-03T06:14:23Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 696461 wikitext text/x-wiki   Mandingha Kosso Moanda bụ onye agụmakwụkwọ Congo <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.futureafrica.science/index.php/our-community/connect-us|title=ConnectUs.Africa|work=www.futureafrica.science|accessdate=2024-08-31|archivedate=2023-02-07|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230207123813/https://www.futureafrica.science/index.php/our-community/connect-us}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.techtrendsng.com/next-einstein-forum-announces-its-ambassadors-champions-of-science-and-technology-across-africa/ |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2024-08-31 |archivedate=2021-05-11 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210511012806/https://www.techtrendsng.com/next-einstein-forum-announces-its-ambassadors-champions-of-science-and-technology-across-africa/ }}</ref>na onye nnọchi anya Next Einstein Forum. <ref name="auto">{{Cite web|url=https://nsesafoundation.org/stem-wow-mandingha/|title=Meet Mandingha Kosso Moanda née Etoka-Beka, Next Einstein Forum Ambassador, Congo|date=September 16, 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://nef.org/ambassador/mandingha-kosso-etoka-beka/|title=Mandingha Kosso Etoka-Beka – Next Einstein Forum|date=30 April 2019|accessdate=31 August 2024|archivedate=31 August 2024|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240831143741/https://nef.org/ambassador/mandingha-kosso-etoka-beka/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.adiac-congo.com/content/innovation-la-semaine-africaine-des-sciences-lancee-officiellement-brazzaville-108507|title=Innovation : la Semaine africaine des sciences lancée officiellement à Brazzaville &#124; adiac-congo.com : toute l'actualité du Bassin du Congo|work=www.adiac-congo.com}}</ref> Moanda gụrụ akwụkwọ na Mahadum Marien Ngouabi. [4]. <ref name="auto"/> == Nrụtụaka == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] suup2vmtu7n3xz0icxzhuve74u1mjez 0 52190 696441 588868 2026-08-02T22:47:44Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 696441 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|children=2009}} Nallari Kiran Kumar Reddy (amụrụ 13 Septemba 1959) bụ onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị India nke jere ozi dị ka onye isi nke iri na isii nke Andhra Pradesh n'etiti 25 Nọvemba 2010 na 1 Maachị 2014. Ọ bụ onye isi ala ikpeazụ nke Andhra Pradesh tupu e guzobe steeti Telangana. na June 2, 2014. Reddy ṅụrụ iyi dị ka onye isi nke iri na isii nke Andhra Pradesh na 25 Nọvemba 2010. Onye otu ugboro anọ nke ndị omebe iwu na Andhra Pradesh, ọ bụ onye isi otu pati National Congress nke India tupu ya agbahapụ ya na February 2014 maka okike. nke Telangana steeti. N'otu oge ahụ, Reddy nyekwaara Gọvanọ E. S. L. Narasimhan arụkwaghịm ya n'ọchịchị onye isi ala; Nke ikpeazụ nakweere arụkwaghịm ahụ mana ọ rịọrọ Reddy ka ọ gaa n'ihu dịka onye isi ala na-ahụ maka ọrụ. Amanyere iwu Onye isi ala na steeti ahụ na 1 Maachị 2014. Na 10 Maachị 2014 ọ sere n'elu uwe ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ọhụrụ ya nke akpọrọ Jai Samaikyandhra Party.[1] Na ntuli aka ndị otu ahụ enwetaghị otu oche ma tụfuo nkwụnye ego n'ọtụtụ oche. Pati ahụ mebiri na 13 Julaị 2018 yana Reddy sonyekwaara Indian National Congress. [[Usòrò:The_Chief_Minister_of_Andhra_Pradesh,_Shri_N._Kiran_Kumar_Reddy_meeting_the_Union_Finance_Minister,_Shri_Pranab_Mukherjee,_in_New_Delhi_on_January_05,_2011.jpg|thumb|Onye isi minista nke ap na Onye isi ala '''pranab mukherjee''']] N'ọnwa Eprel 2023, Reddy sonyeere Bharatiya Janata Party na New Delhi n'ihu Minista Union Pralhad Joshi. <ref name="Anshuman 2023">{{cite web | last=Anshuman | first=Kumar | title=Former Andhra Pradesh CM Kiran Kumar Reddy joins BJP, slams Congress 'high command' for damaging party across country | website=The Economic Times | date=7 Apr 2023 | url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/former-andhra-pradesh-cm-kiran-kumar-reddy-joins-bjp-slams-congress-leadership/articleshow/99315639.cms | access-date=8 Apr 2023}}</ref><ref name="Dara 2023">{{Cite web|author=Dara|first=Gopi|title=Former Andhra Pradesh chief minister and Congress leader N Kiran Kumar Reddy joins BJP - Vijayawada News|work=The Times of India|date=7 Apr 2023|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/vijayawada/former-andhra-pradesh-chief-minister-and-congress-leader-n-kiran-kumar-reddy-joins-bjp/articleshow/99316127.cms|accessdate=8 Apr 2023}}</ref> == Oge ọ malitere == Kiran Kumar Reddy bụ onye otu Indian National Congress na nna ya, Amaranath Reddy, bụ minista na ụlọ ọrụ P. V. Narasimha Rao. Ezinụlọ ya sitere na Nagaripalle, nso Kalikiri, Annamayya district (nke bụbu Chittoor). <ref>[http://www.business-standard.com/india/news/andhra-cm-rosaiah-resigns/117006/on "Andhra CM Rosaiah resigns citing personal reasons"], ''Business Standard'', 24 November 2010.</ref> Ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ na Hyderabad Public School na etiti na St. Joseph's Junior College, Hyderabad.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20121104011833/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2010-07-09/hyderabad/28277980_1_n-kiran-kumar-reddy-ysr-high-command "Cong mulling a Reddy CM to stop Jaganaut?"], ''The Times of India'', 9 July 2010.</ref> O mere B.Com ya. site na Nizam College na LL.B. site na Mahadum College of Law, Mahadum Osmania. Ọ bụ onye na-eme egwuregwu cricket na kọleji. Ya na Nandamuri Balakrishna na onye bụbu onyeisi ndị otu Cricket nke India, Mohammad Azharuddin, bụ ndị nọchitekwara anya Hyderabad na Ranji trophy.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Kiran Kumar Reddy's profile|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/andhra-pradesh/2010/nov/24/kiran-kumar-reddys-profile-205542.html|accessdate=16 February 2021|work=The New Indian Express|date=24 November 2010}}</ref>Ọ bụkwa onyeisi ndị otu cricket nke Hyderabad n'okpuru afọ 22, South Zone Universities na Osmania University.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20100823063444/http://www.hindu.com/2010/08/17/stories/2010081763070300.htm "Highlight people's problems, Speaker tells parties "], ''The HINDU'', 17 August 2010.</ref><ref>[https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Players/445/445259/445259.html Career statistics of Reddy from Cricketarchive]</ref> Ọ gakwara Besant Theosophical High School na Chennai ruo afọ ole na ole. == Ọrụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị == A họpụtara Reddy ka ọ bụrụ onye omeiwu Andhra Pradesh n'afọ 1989 mgbe nna ya nwụsịrị. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye otu Kọmitii Ọrụ Ọha na Kọmitii Nkwado. A họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ onye omeiwu steeti site na Native Vayalpadu (Valmikipuram) na 1989, 1999 na 2004. Ọ meriri na 1994 mgbe e meriri Congress na mpaghara Chittoor. O meriri site na Pileru na 2009 mgbe Valmikipuram sonyere na mpaghara Pileru n'okpuru delimitation. Onye a ma ama na-akwado YSR, ọ bụ onye isi ọchịchị Congress ruo afọ ise site na 2004, tupu e mee ya ọkà okwu.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20071029001152/http://www.hindu.com/2006/11/06/stories/2006110605710400.htm Andhra Pradesh / Hyderabad News : Chief Whip denies encroachment charge]. The Hindu (6 November 2006). Retrieved 23 December 2010.</ref> Na 10 Machị 2014 ọ mara ọkwa nguzobe nke Jai Samaikyandhra Party na Chundru Srihari Rao dị ka onye guzobere ya. <ref name="newparty">{{Cite web|title=Former Andhra CM Kiran Kumar Reddy floats Jai Samaikyandhra Party|url=http://news.biharprabha.com/2014/03/former-andhra-cm-kiran-kumar-reddy-floats-jai-samaikyandhra-party/|publisher=news.biharprabha.com|accessdate=10 March 2014|archivedate=13 March 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140313131855/http://news.biharprabha.com/2014/03/former-andhra-cm-kiran-kumar-reddy-floats-jai-samaikyandhra-party/}}</ref> Ọ sonyeghachiri na pati Congress na July 2018 n'ihu onye isi ala Congress Rahul Gandhi.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://indtoday.com/kiran-reddy-meets-rahul-gandhi-to-re-enter-congress-party/|title=Kiran Reddy Meets Rahul Gandhi; to Re-enter Congress Party &#124; INDToday|date=13 July 2018}}</ref> N'ọnwa Eprel afọ 2023, ọ sonyeere Bharatiya Janata Party . <ref name="Anshuman 2023"/> === Dị ka ọkà okwu === A họpụtara Reddy ka ọ bụrụ onye isi oche nke 13th Andhra Pradesh Assembly na June 2009. Ọ bụ onye isi minista YS Rajasekhara Reddy, onye isi ala AIMIM Akbaruddin Owaisi, minista ọrụ ugbo N. Raghuveera Reddy na mmadụ abụọ ndị ọzọ nwere onwe ha chepụtara aha ya maka ọkwa ọkà okwu. === Dị ka Onye isi Minista === [[Usòrò:Manmohan_Singh_being_received_by_the_Governor,_Andhra_Pradesh,_Shri_E.S.L._Narasimhan_and_the_Chief_Minister_of_Andhra_Pradesh,_Shri_N._Kiran_Kumar_Reddy,_on_his_arrival,_at_Rajiv_Gandhi_International_Airport,_in_Hyderabad.jpg|thumb|Manmohan Singh na-anabata Gọvanọ, Andhra Pradesh, Shri E.S.L. Narasimhan na Chief Minister nke Andhra Pradeh, Shra N. Kiran Kumar Reddy, mgbe ọ rutere, na Rajiv Gandhi International Airport, na Hyderabad]] E mere Reddy ka ọ bụrụ Onye isi minista ọhụrụ nke Andhra Pradesh mgbe onye nọ n'ọkwa Konijeti Rosaiah gbara arụkwaghịm na-ekwu maka ihe ndị metụtara onwe ya, site na Congress Legislature Party na ndị nyere ikike na 2011. N'abalị iri na itoolu n'ọnwa Febụwarị n'afọ 2014, ọ gbara arụkwaghịm n'ọkwa Chief Minister, dị ka MLA (onye omeiwu) nakwa n'Òtù Congress, mgbe a gafere iwu Telangana na Lok Sabha.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Kiran Kumar Reddy resigns as Andhra CM and quits Congress Party|url=http://news.biharprabha.com/2014/02/kiran-kumar-reddy-resigns-as-andhra-cm-and-quits-congress-party/|publisher=news.biharprabha.com|accessdate=19 February 2014|archivedate=10 April 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140410200015/http://news.biharprabha.com/2014/02/kiran-kumar-reddy-resigns-as-andhra-cm-and-quits-congress-party/}}</ref> Ọ bụkwa onye isi minista ikpeazụ maka Andhra Pradesh dị n'otu site na Indian National Congress. ==== Ihe omume ọdịmma ==== A na-ekwu na Reddy malitere atụmatụ dịka Mee Seva, Rajiv Yuva Kiranalu, SC / ST Sub-Plan, Bangaru Thalli, Mana Biyyam, Amma Hastham, na atụmatụ mmiri Chittor. === Òtù Jai Samaikyandhra === N'abalị iri na otu n'ọnwa Machị afọ 2014, Reddy chọrọ ịmalite otu ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ọhụrụ iji dịrị ndụ na steeti ahụ ma kpọọ ya Jai Samaikyandhra Party, site n'ịgide mkpebi nke etiti ahụ gbasara nkewa nke steeti Andhra Pradesh.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/kiran-kumar-reddy-launches-his-party-blames-congress-bjp-tdp-for-andhra-pradesh-split/articleshow/31906058.cms|title=Kiran Kumar Reddy launches his party, blames Congress, BJP, TDP for Andhra Pradesh split|work=The Economic Times}}</ref> Ọ malitere òtù ahụ na Rajahmundry na 12 Machị 2014. N'ikpeazụ, Reddy gbasara ya wee sonyeghachi na INC na 13 Julaị 2018. === Òtù Bharatiya Janata === Reddy hapụrụ Congress Party iji sonye na Bharatiya Janata Party n'ọnwa Eprel afọ 2023.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/former-andhra-pradesh-cm-kiran-kumar-reddy-joins-bjp-slams-congress-leadership/articleshow/99315639.cms|title=Former Andhra Pradesh CM Kiran Kumar Reddy joins BJP, slams Congress 'high command' for damaging party across country|work=The Economic Times|date=8 April 2023|author=Anshuman|first=Kumar}}</ref> == Hụkwa == * Ndepụta ndị isi minista nke Andhra Pradesh == Ihe odide == [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] d71u2mupux21rfts36gr2vmolmi8y45 0 52633 696426 687431 2026-08-02T15:57:06Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 696426 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|name=Jen Psaki|image=Jen Psaki 2021.jpg|office=34th [[White House Press Secretary]]|president=[[Joe Biden]]|deputy=[[Karine Jean-Pierre]]<br>(Principal Deputy)|term_start=January 20, 2021|term_end=May 13, 2022|predecessor=[[Kayleigh McEnany]]|successor=[[Karine Jean-Pierre]]|office1=[[White House Communications Director]]|president1=[[Barack Obama]]|term_start1=April 1, 2015|term_end1=January 20, 2017|predecessor1=[[Jennifer Palmieri]]|successor1=[[Sean Spicer]]|office2=23rd [[Spokesperson for the United States Department of State]]|president2=Barack Obama|deputy2=[[Marie Harf]]|term_start2=April 5, 2013|term_end2=March 31, 2015|predecessor2=[[Victoria Nuland]]|successor2=[[Marie Harf]]|office3=[[White House Communications Director|White House Deputy Communications Director]]|president3=Barack Obama|term_start3=December 19, 2009|term_end3=September 22, 2011|predecessor3=[[Daniel Pfeiffer]]|successor3=Jennifer Palmieri|office4=[[White House Press Secretary|White House Deputy Press Secretary]]|president4=Barack Obama|leader4=[[Robert Gibbs]]|term_start4=January 20, 2009|term_end4=December 19, 2009|predecessor4=[[Tony Fratto]]|successor4=[[Bill Burton (political consultant)|Bill Burton]]|birth_name=Jennifer Rene Psaki|birth_date={{nowrap|{{birth date and age|1978|12|01}}}}|birth_place=[[New York City]], U.S.|death_date=|death_place=|party=[[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]]|spouse={{marriage|Gregory Mecher|May 8, 2010}}|children=2|education=[[College of William & Mary]] ([[Bachelor of Arts|BA]])|caption=Psaki in 2021|module={{Listen|pos=center|embed=yes|filename=Jen Psaki answers questions on the extent of use of Executive Orders.ogg|title=Jen Psaki's voice|type=speech|description=Jen Psaki answers questions on the extent of use of [[List of executive actions by Joe Biden|Executive Orders]]<br/>Recorded May 2, 2022}}}} '''Jennifer Rene Psaki''' <ref name="NYT2010">{{Cite news|date=2010-05-07|title=Jennifer Psaki, Gregory Mecher|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2010/05/09/fashion/weddings/09PSAKI.html|work=The New York Times|language=en-US|accessdate=2020-12-05}}</ref> / / ˈsɑːki / ; amuru Disemba 1, 1978) <ref>{{Cite web|author=The White House|title=Press Briefing by Press Secretary Jen Psaki, December 1, 2021|url=https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/press-briefings/2021/12/01/press-briefing-by-press-secretary-jen-psaki-december-1-2021/|work=The White House|accessdate=2023-01-31|date=2021-12-01|quote=Thank you, Jen. And, first of all, happy birthday.|archivedate=2023-01-31|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230131165005/https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/press-briefings/2021/12/01/press-briefing-by-press-secretary-jen-psaki-december-1-2021/}}</ref> <ref name="Hill01">{{Cite news|author=Concha|first=Joe|date=2017-02-08|title=Jen Psaki joins CNN|url=https://thehill.com/homenews/media/318449-cnn-signs-ex-obama-spokesperson-jen-psaki/|work=[[The Hill (newspaper)|The Hill]]|accessdate=2017-02-08|quote=Psaki, 38 ...}}</ref> bụ onye nyocha ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị telivishọn America na onye bụbu onye ọrụ gọọmentị. Onye ndụmọdụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị onye jere ozi n'okpuru ma ọchịchị Obama na Biden, ọ jere ozi na ọchịchị Biden dị ka onye ode akwụkwọ mgbasa ozi nke 34th White House <ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-11-29|title=President-elect Joe Biden and Vice President-Elect Kamala Harris Announce Members of White House Senior Communications Staff|url=https://buildbackbetter.gov/press-releases/president-elect-joe-biden-and-vice-president-elect-kamala-harris-announce-members-of-white-house-senior-communications-staff/|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20201130201438/https://buildbackbetter.gov/press-releases/president-elect-joe-biden-and-vice-president-elect-kamala-harris-announce-members-of-white-house-senior-communications-staff/|archivedate=2020-11-30|accessdate=2020-11-30|work=President-Elect Joe Biden}}</ref> ruo Mee 2022. Onye otu Democratic Party, ọ na-arụbu ọrụ na nchịkwa Obama dị ka osote odeakwụkwọ mgbasa ozi nke White House (2009); osote onye isi mgbasa ozi nke White House (2009–2011); onye nkwuchite ọnụ nke United States Department of State (2013–2015); na onye isi mgbasa ozi White House (2015-2017). <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.politico.com/story/2015/02/jen-psaki-returns-white-house-115316.html|title=Jen Psaki returns to White House|accessdate=2015-02-19|work=[[Politico]]}}</ref> Psaki bụ onye nyere aka na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị CNN site na 2017 ruo 2020. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://carnegieendowment.org/experts/1399|title=Jen Psaki|work=Carnegie Endowment for International Peace|accessdate=2018-12-11|archivedate=2020-12-22|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20201222144944/https://carnegieendowment.org/experts/1399}}</ref> Ruo Maachị 2023, ọ na-akwado ihe ngosi ngosi ''N'ime ya na Jen Psaki'' na MSNBC . == Ndụ mmalite na agụmakwụkwọ == Psaki, ọkpara n'ime ụmụ nwanyị atọ, <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.stamfordadvocate.com/news/article/Greenwich-High-alum-resigns-White-House-job-2182565.php|title=Greenwich High alum resigns White House job|first=Charles J.|author=Lewis|date=2011-09-22|work=Stamford Advocate}}</ref> mụrụ na [[New York City]], na 1978 site na psychotherapist <ref name="NYT2010"/> Eileen ( née Dolan) Medvey <ref>{{Cite news|title=Miss Eileen Dolan And James Psaki To Marry Today|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/10276173/the-bridgeport-post/|work=The Bridgeport Post|date=1976-07-18|pages=30|quote=the wedding of Miss Eileen D. Dolan, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. S.J. Dailey of New York city, to James R. Psaki, son of Dr. and Mrs. Raoul C. Psaki}}</ref> na Dimitrios "James" R. Psaki, onye nrụpụta ụlọ ezumike nka ezumike nka nke nna nna ya. esiwo na Gris kwaga na 1904 na nne nne ya bụ onye Irish . Nne na nna ya lụrụ na 1976. <ref>{{Cite news|date=2020-12-04|title="Υπερήφανος για την Τζένιφερ", δηλώνει για την κόρη του ο Δημήτριος Ψάκη|language=el|url=https://www.ekirikas.com/omogeneia_ameriki_politiki/arthro/yperifanos_gia_tin_tzenifer_dilonei_gia_tin_kori_tou_o_dimitrios_psaki-1341446/|work=[[The National Herald|Ethnikos Kirikas]]|accessdate=2021-04-10}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|title=Biden Picks Greek-American Jen Psaki to Lead Confirmation Team|work=[[The National Herald]]|date=2020-11-19|url=https://www.thenationalherald.com/archive_politics_usa/arthro/biden_picks_greek_american_jen_psaki_to_lead_confirmation_team-1241141/|quote=Psaki is of Irish and Greek descent with her Greek roots in Messinia through her father James R. Psaki|accessdate=2021-01-21}}</ref> Nne na nna ya mechara kewapụ. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Randy|date=2024-04-30|title=Jen Psaki’s Father, James R. Psaki – BURSONCENTER|url=https://www.bursoncenter.com/jen-psakis-father-james-r-psaki/|accessdate=2024-07-30|language=en-US|archivedate=2024-07-30|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240730210042/https://www.bursoncenter.com/jen-psakis-father-james-r-psaki/}}</ref> === Onye ode akwụkwọ mgbasa ozi White House === Na Nọvemba 2020, Psaki hapụrụ CNN wee sonye na ndị otu mgbanwe Biden –Harris . <ref>{{Cite web|author=Sullivan|first=Kate|date=2020-11-30|title=Biden announces all-female senior White House communications team|url=https://edition.cnn.com/2020/11/29/politics/biden-white-house-female-communications-team/index.html|work=CNN|accessdate=2020-10-30|archivedate=December 22, 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20201222144950/https://edition.cnn.com/2020/11/29/politics/biden-white-house-female-communications-team/index.html}}</ref> Mgbe ọnwa ahụ gasịrị, akpọrọ Psaki ka ọ bụrụ odeakwụkwọ mgbasa ozi White House maka nchịkwa Biden. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Jen Psaki, White House Press Secretary|url=https://buildbackbetter.gov/nominees-and-appointees/jen-psaki/|accessdate=2021-01-05|work=President-Elect Joe Biden|archivedate=2021-01-19|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210119231058/https://buildbackbetter.gov/nominees-and-appointees/jen-psaki/}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|author=Linskey|first=Annie|date=2020-11-29|title=Biden hires all-female senior communications team, names Neera Tanden director of OMB|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/biden-hires-all-female-senior-communications-team/2020/11/29/5b60b58e-3277-11eb-a997-1f4c53d2a747_story.html|work=The Washington Post|accessdate=2020-11-29}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=White House Press Secretary Jen Psaki Holds First Briefing|url=https://www.c-span.org/video/?508148-1/white-house-press-secretary-jen-psaki-holds-briefing|work=C-SPAN|date=2021-01-20|accessdate=2021-01-21}}</ref> O mere mkparịta akwụkwọ akụkọ izizi ya na mgbede Jenụwarị 20, 2021, ka nraranye ahụ gasịrị. <ref>{{Cite news|title=New White House press secretary holds 1st briefing this evening|url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/world/press-briefing-biden-psaki-1.5881166|work=CBC|date=2021-01-20|accessdate=2021-01-21}}</ref> Na May 6, N'ajụjụ ọnụ ya na onye bụbu onye ndụmọdụ onye isi oche David Axelrod, Psaki tụrụ aro na ọ ga-apụ n'ọkwa odeakwụkwọ mgbasa ozi "ihe dị ka otu afọ site ugbu a". <ref>{{Cite web|author=Moore|first=Thomas|date=2021-05-07|title=Psaki Signals She'll Step Down Next Year|url=https://thehill.com/homenews/media/552322-psaki-signals-shell-step-down-next-year/|work=The Hill|accessdate=2021-05-07}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|author=Stelter|first=Brian|date=2021-05-06|title=Jen Psaki Says She Talked with the Biden Transition Team about a Roughly One-Year Term|url=https://www.cnn.com/2021/05/06/media/jen-psaki-insights-reliable-sources/index.html|work=CNN|accessdate=2021-05-07}}</ref> N'ọnwa Ọktoba, otu ndị na-ahụ maka nchekwa boro Psaki ebubo imebi iwu Hatch maka okwu o kwuru na ntuli aka gọvanọ Virginia 2021 . <ref>Judd, Donald (October 16, 2021). [https://www.cnn.com/2021/10/15/politics/hatch-act-jen-psaki/index.html Watchdog files Hatch Act complaint against Jen Psaki over comments on Virginia governor's race]. ''CNN Politics''. Retrieved October 24, 2021.</ref> <ref>Breuninger, Kevin (October 15, 2021.). [https://www.cnbc.com/2021/10/15/biden-press-secretary-jen-psaki-may-have-violated-hatch-act-watchdog-says.html Biden press secretary Jen Psaki may have violated ethics law with comment on Virginia race, watchdog says]. ''CNBC''. Retrieved October 24, 2021.</ref> <ref>Cox, Chelsey (October 15, 2021). [https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/2021/10/15/jen-psaki-accused-violating-hatch-act-government-watchdog-group/8470700002/ White House Press Secretary Jen Psaki accused of violating Hatch Act]. ''USA Today''. Retrieved October 24, 2021.</ref> <ref>Samuels, Brett (October 15, 2021). [https://thehill.com/homenews/administration/576970-ethics-watchdog-accuses-psaki-of-violating-hatch-act/ Ethics watchdog accuses Psaki of violating Hatch Act]. ''The Hill''. Retrieved October 24, 2021.</ref> Na Nọvemba 2, Psaki kwupụtara na ọ nwalere ihe dị mma maka COVID-19 . <ref>{{Cite news|title=Jen Psaki: White House Press Secretary Says She Has COVID|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2021/11/1/jen-psaki-white-house-press-secretary-says-she-has-covid|accessdate=2021-11-13|date=2021-11-02}}</ref> Mgbe ọ kewapụrụ iche wee gbakee nke ọma, ọ laghachiri n'ọrụ na Nọvemba 12 wee kwupụta ọkwa ịgba ọgwụ mgbochi ọrịa maka mgbake ya n'enweghị nsogbu. <ref>{{Cite news|author=Rafford|first=Claire|title=Press Secretary Jen Psaki returns to work after Covid-19|url=https://www.politico.com/news/2021/11/12/jen-psaki-returns-to-work-covid-19-521130|accessdate=2021-11-13|work=[[Politico]]|date=2021-11-13}}</ref> === Mgbe e mesịrị ọrụ === Na Mee 24, 2022, MSNBC kwupụtara iwere Psaki dịka onye ntinye aka; Netwọk ahụ kwuru na ọ ga-eme ka ọ pụta ìhè n'oge mkpuchi nke 2022 midterms na 2024 ntuli aka onye isi ala, na ihe ngosi nke Psaki kwadoro na-emepe maka Peacock . <ref name="nytimes">{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/05/24/business/media/jen-psaki-msnbc-biden.html|title=Jen Psaki Joins MSNBC as a Host and Commentator|date=2022-05-24|work=[[The New York Times]]|author=Michael M. Grynbaum}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|author=Johnson|first=Ted|date=2022-05-24|title=MSNBC Makes It Official: Jen Psaki To Join Network In Fall, Will Host New Show For Streaming Channel|url=https://deadline.com/2022/05/jen-psaki-to-join-msnbc-1235031287/|accessdate=2023-03-22|work=Deadline|language=en-US}}</ref> Psaki mere ihe ngosi telivishọn mbụ ya mgbe ọ hapụsịrị ọkwa ya dị ka odeakwụkwọ mgbasa ozi White House na ''The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon'' na-ekwurịta banyere ịgba égbè Robb Elementary School . <ref>{{Cite web|author=Graziosi|first=Graig|date=2022-05-26|title=Jen Psaki says she fears sending daughter to kindergarten in US|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/us-politics/psaki-texas-gun-control-fallon-b2088355.html|accessdate=2022-06-28|work=The Independent|language=en}}</ref> Na Mee 2024, Psaki wepụtara akwụkwọ akpọrọ ''Kwuokwuo: Nkuzi sitere na Ọrụ, White House, na Ụwa'' . Akwụkwọ ahụ kọrọ ahụmahụ ya n'ịrụ ọrụ na gọọmenti ma nye ndụmọdụ banyere nkwurịta okwu. Ọ ghọrọ onye na-ere ahịa ngwa ngwa na [[Amazon (company)|Amazon]] wee depụta ya dị ka onye kacha ere ahịa ''New York Times'' . <ref>{{Cite web|date=2024-05-10|title=The latest Jen Psaki project|url=https://www.politico.com/newsletters/west-wing-playbook/2024/05/10/jen-psakis-latest-project-00157364|work=Politico|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite book|title=Say More|url=https://www.simonandschuster.com/books/Say-More/Jen-Psaki/9781668019856|publisher=Simon and Schuster|date=2024-05-07|isbn=978-1-6680-1985-6|language=en-US}}</ref> N'akwụkwọ ahụ, Psaki kwuru ụgha na Biden eleleghị elekere ya n'oge nkwanye ugwu nke ndị ọrụ US 13 gburu na ogbunigwe Abbey Gate na Afghanistan. Esetere Biden foto ka ọ na-elele elekere ya ugboro ugboro n'oge mbufe ahụ dị ùgwù. Psaki kwuru na ya ga-ewepụ ebubo ụgha ahụ na ụdị akwụkwọ a n'ọdịnihu. <ref>{{Cite web|date=2024-05-13|title=Psaki's new book falsely recounts Biden's watch check in troop ceremony|url=https://www.axios.com/2024/05/13/psaki-book-biden-watch-check-afghanistan|work=Axios|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|date=2024-05-13|title=Psaki to remove lines about Biden at ceremony for fallen soldiers from new book|url=https://thehill.com/homenews/media/4660492-psaki-biden-afghan-ceremony-fallen-soldiers-say-more-book/|work=The Hill|language=en-US}}</ref> Na nzaghachi nye Onye isi ala Biden na-ahapụ na ntuli aka onye isi ala nke 2024, Psaki kwuru na Twitter (ugbu a X), "Ọ [Biden] ewepụtala mfu ya na ọdachi onwe ya n'ime ndụ ọrụ ọha na eze na ezigbo ọmịiko maka ndị ọzọ… Ugboro ugboro, Joe Biden gosipụtara ike ya dị ịtụnanya site n'ịlaghachi azụ mgbe a kwaturu ya n'oge a, ọ na-egosi ya site n'iwepụ ya. " <ref>{{Cite web|date=2024-07-21|title=Opinion {{!}} Never underestimate Joe Biden|url=https://www.msnbc.com/opinion/msnbc-opinion/joe-biden-endorse-kamala-harris-selfless-service-rcna162747|accessdate=2024-07-30|work=MSNBC.com|language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|date=2024-07-22|title=Opinion {{!}} Never underestimate Joe Biden|url=https://www.yahoo.com/news/opinion-never-underestimate-joe-biden-231013855.html|accessdate=2024-07-30|work=Yahoo News|language=en-US}}</ref> Na Julaị 13, 2024, Psaki kwadoro Kamala Harris, ma kwupụta na Harris bụ nhọrọ kacha mma maka Biden yana na o nwere nkwado ya n'uju, Agbanyeghị, ọ kwenyere na ohere Harris nwere mmeri n'ọsọ onye isi ala 2024 nwere ike ịdị ala n'ihi "nkwenkwe mmekọahụ na ịkpa ókè agbụrụ" <ref>{{Cite web|author=Hays|first=Gabriel|date=2024-07-11|title=Jen Psaki says Kamala Harris is best alternative to Biden but worries America too 'sexist and racist'|url=https://www.foxnews.com/media/jen-psaki-says-kamala-harris-best-alternative-biden-worries-america-too-sexist-racist|accessdate=2024-07-30|work=Fox News|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|date=2024-07-13|title=Jen Psaki endorses Kamala Harris as best replacement for Joe Biden. Will racist and sexist beliefs reduce her chances?|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/international/us/jen-psaki-endorses-kamala-harris-as-best-replacement-for-joe-biden-will-racist-and-sexist-beliefs-reduce-her-chances/articleshow/111717846.cms?from=mdr|accessdate=2024-07-30|work=The Economic Times}}</ref> Na June 2024, Psaki kwetara ịpụta n'ihu kọmitii Houselọ United States na Ofesi maka ajụjụ ọnụ edegharịrị gbasara mwepu nchịkwa Biden na Afghanistan na Ọgọst 2021. Ọ pụtara n'ihu kọmitii ahụ na Julaị 26, 2024. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://foreignaffairs.house.gov/press-release/chairman-mccaul-secures-date-for-transcribed-interview-of-jen-psaki-for-afghanistan-withdrawal-investigation/|title=Chairman McCaul Secures Date for Transcribed Interview of Jen Psaki for Afghanistan Withdrawal Investigation|publisher=House Foreign Affairs Committee GOP|date=2024-06-17|accessdate=2024-06-17|archivedate=2024-06-17|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240617171037/https://foreignaffairs.house.gov/press-release/chairman-mccaul-secures-date-for-transcribed-interview-of-jen-psaki-for-afghanistan-withdrawal-investigation/}}</ref> ==Ebe Ngosi Ihe== <gallery> Faịlụ:Jen Psaki 2022.jpg|Odeakwụkwọ mgbasa ozi Jen Psaki na-enwe mkparịta ụka n'etiti ndị nta akụkọ, Tuzdee Machị 10, 2022, n'ime ụlọ mkparịta ụka nke James S. Brady Press nke Ụlọ Ọcha. (Foto gọọmentị nke Ụlọ Ọcha nke Cameron Smith sere) Usòrò:P20211217ES-0066-2_(51897982431).jpg|áká_èkpè| Psaki na Air Force One </gallery> == Ndụ onwe onye == Na Mee 8, 2010, <ref>{{Cite news|author=McCarthy|first=Ellen|date=2010-05-16|title=OnLove Wedding: Jen Psaki and Gregory Mecher get married in Maryland|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2010/05/14/AR2010051400026_2.html|accessdate=2021-09-21|work=[[The Washington Post]]}}</ref> Psaki lụrụ Greg Mecher, mgbe ahụ onye isi ndị ọrụ na Congressman Steve Driehaus . Mgbe e mesịrị, Mecher jere ozi dị ka onye isi ndị ọrụ nye Congressman Joe Kennedy . <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://heavy.com/news/gregory-mecher-jen-psaki-husband/|title=Gregory Mecher, Jen Psaki's Husband: 5 Fast Facts You Need to Know|publisher=[[Heavy (website)|Heavy]]|date=2021-01-22|accessdate=2021-01-31|author=Laviola|first=Erin}}</ref> Di na nwunye a zutere na Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee na 2006. Ha nwere ụmụ abụọ. <ref name="vogue">{{Cite news|author=Emmrich|first=Stuart|title=8 Things to Know About Jen Psaki, Biden's Press Secretary|url=https://www.vogue.com/article/8-things-to-know-about-jen-psaki-white-house-press-secretary|accessdate=2021-02-03|publisher=Vogue|date=2021-01-29}}</ref> == Ntụaka == gosipụtara ike ya dị ịtụnanya site n'ịlaghachi azụ mgbe a kwaturu ya n'oge a, ọ na-egosi ya site n'iwepụ ya. " ntinye aka; Netwọk ahụ kwuru na ọ ga-eme ka ọ pụta ìhè n'oge mkpuchi nke 2022 midterms[1] [2] Na Julaị 13, 2024,{{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == {{Commons category}} * Jen Psaki on Twitter * [https://twitter.com/Psaki44 Archived copy] of Psaki's official Twitter account from the Obama administration * Appearances on C-SPAN {{s-start}} {{s-off}} {{s-bef|before=[[Victoria Nuland]]}} {{s-ttl|title=[[Spokesperson for the United States Department of State]]|years=2013–2015}} {{s-aft|after=[[John Kirby (admiral)|John Kirby]]}} |- {{s-bef|before=[[Jennifer Palmieri]]}} {{s-ttl|title=[[White House Communications Director|White House Director of Communications]]|years=2015–2017}} {{s-aft|after=[[Sean Spicer]]}} |- {{s-bef|before=[[Kayleigh McEnany]]}} {{s-ttl|title=[[White House Press Secretary]]|years=2021–2022}} {{s-aft|after=[[Karine Jean-Pierre]]}} {{s-end}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] cgpucpglmtdwv6mhqa6gn24fbue4335 0 53396 696464 580817 2026-08-03T07:25:44Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 696464 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Marina Raphael''' (amụrụ Marina Rafail-Vogiatzakis na 1998) bụ onye ọgbọ nke isii nke ezinụlọ Swarovski na onye nrụpụta ejiji. <ref name="BI2021" /><ref name="Prestige2022">{{Cite web|author=Oreshkin|first=Gennady|title=Innovation And Heritage: Striking The Balance With Marina Raphael|url=https://www.prestigeonline.com/hk/style/striking-the-balance-with-marina-raphael/|work=Prestige|publisher=Rush Hour Media|accessdate=15 June 2022|date=7 June 2022}}</ref> Dị ka nke ikpeazụ, ọ na-emepụta ma na-emepụta akpa aka abụọ maka aha aha ya ''Marina Raphael'' na ''Swarovski'' . <ref name="ilSole24">{{Cite news|author=Beghelli|first=Chiara|date=5 March 2021|title=Swarovski vira verso il lusso e non esclude più la Borsa|page=30|work=Il Sole 24}}</ref> Na 2022, ọrụ ya maka ụdị abụọ ahụ hụrụ ya ka edepụtara ya na ''Forbes'' Europe 30 Under 30 na ngalaba ''Arts & Culture'' . == Ndụ mmalite na agụmakwụkwọ == Amụrụ na zụlitere na Athens site na nna Greek na nne Switzerland-Austrian, <ref name="ForbesAug2020">{{Cite web|author=Pelloux|first=Cécilia|title=Get The St Tropez Summer Essentials|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/ceciliapelloux/2020/08/24/get-the-st-tropez-summer-essentials/|work=Forbes|date=24 August 2020|accessdate=3 October 2021}}</ref> Raphael bụ ọgbọ nke isii nke onye guzobere Swarovski Daniel Swarovski . <ref name="BI2021">{{Cite web|author=Davis|first=Dominic-Madori|title=How a 22-year-old heiress launched a handbag line and within 3 years landed the Netherlands' Queen Máxima as a fan|url=https://www.businessinsider.com/marina-raphael-talks-building-her-luxury-business-entrepreneurship-2020-7|publisher=Business Insider|date=17 Mar 2021|accessdate=23 September 2021}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFDavis2021">Davis, Dominic-Madori (17 March 2021). [https://www.businessinsider.com/marina-raphael-talks-building-her-luxury-business-entrepreneurship-2020-7 "How a 22-year-old heiress launched a handbag line and within 3 years landed the Netherlands' Queen Máxima as a fan"]. Business Insider<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 September</span> 2021</span>.</cite></ref> Ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na International Baccalaureate na [[St. Catherine's British School]] tupu ọ gụchaa nzere bachelọ na Business Management na King's College London . <ref name="BI2021" /> == Ọrụ == Kemgbe 2020, akara Raphael ejiriwo ọtụtụ ndị na-emepụta ihe na ụlọ ọrụ ndị ọzọ gụnyere L'Oréal 's ''Vichy Laboratories'', onye Raphael na-ejekwa ozi dị ka ihu nke mgbasa ozi mgbasa ozi Greek nke ụlọ ọrụ, <ref name="BI2021-2">{{Cite news|author=Davis|first=Dominic-Madori|title=Swarovski crystal heiress Marina Raphael explains how she achieved record-breaking sales by selling smaller handbags, donating to charity, and using snail mail to reach customers|url=https://www.businessinsider.com/marina-raphael-talks-her-companys-stellar-year-interview-2021-3|publisher=Business Insider|date=17 March 2021|accessdate=3 October 2021}}</ref> influencer Evangelie Smyrniotaki, <ref name="WWD2020">{{Cite news|author=Theodosi|first=Natalie|title=How Emerging Bag Designer Marina Raphael Defied 2020 Market Challenges — and Thrived|url=https://wwd.com/accessories-news/handbags/emerging-bag-designer-marina-raphael-evangelie-smyrniotaki-collaboration-1234664122/|publisher=WWD|date=25 November 2020|accessdate=2 October 2021}}</ref> na onye nduzi okike na onye ndụmọdụ nkwado Doina Ciobanu . Ọrụ ya na nke ikpeazụ ahụ hụrụ akara ''Marina Raphael'' wepụtara nchịkọta akpa akpa ya na-adịgide adịgide nke na-eji ụdị akpụkpọ anụ vegan emepụtara dị ka ihe sitere na nhazi nke apụl. <ref name="ForbesOct2021">{{Cite web|author=Lei|first=Angela|title=Marina Raphael Defines The New Luxury And Launches Styles In Vegan Leather|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/angelalei/2021/10/15/marina-raphael-defines-the-new-luxury-and-launches-styles-in-vegan-leather/|work=Forbes|accessdate=16 October 2021}}</ref> N'otu aka ahụ, mmekorita dị n'etiti Raphael na Swarovski kwupụtara na 2020 hụrụ onye nrụpụta na Swarovski Group's Global Creative Director, Giovanna Battaglia Engelbert, jikọrọ aka na imewe na mmepụta nke ahịrị akpa akpa mbụ ka ewepụtara n'okpuru akara Swarovski na akụkọ ihe mere eme afọ 125 nke jeweller. <ref name="WWD2022">{{Cite web|url=https://wwd.com/accessories-news/handbags/marina-raphael-giovanna-engelbert-swarovski-bag-collection-1234997319/|title=Marina Raphael, Giovanna Engelbert Debut Swarovski Bag Collection|author=Theodosi|first=Natalie|date=16 November 2021|publisher=WWD|accessdate=15 June 2022}}</ref> <ref name="BI2021-2" /> <ref name="ilSole24" /><ref name="WWD2020-3">{{Cite news|author=Theodosi|first=Natalie|title=New Accessories Players to Watch in Paris|url=https://wwd.com/accessories-news/handbags/new-accessories-players-watch-paris-fashion-week-eera-stee-atelier-marina-raphael-1203531865/|publisher=WWD|date=5 March 2020|accessdate=6 October 2021}}</ref> N'afọ 2022, akara Raphael nọ na-atụ anya na ọ ga-ere ahịa okpukpu abụọ ka ọ wee nweta ego ruru nde US $ 2.6 na, n'otu afọ ahụ, ọ malitere mmekorita ya na ezigbo onye nrụpụta ọla Eugenie Niarchos na-egosipụta ọtụtụ akpa akpa okwu na-eso ya na nchịkọta ndị na-abụghị nke na-eso ya. fungible tokens . <ref>{{Cite web|author=McDowell|first=Maghan|title=The Vogue Business NFT Tracker|url=https://www.voguebusiness.com/technology/the-vogue-business-nft-tracker|publisher=Vogue Business|date=16 May 2022|accessdate=16 May 2022|archivedate=19 May 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220519075950/https://www.voguebusiness.com/technology/the-vogue-business-nft-tracker}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.hellomagazine.com/fashion/hfm/20221018154528/marina-raphael-venyx-nft/|title=Marina Raphael and Eugenie Niarchos on how they created the most exclusive fashion NFT in the world|work=Hello Magazine|date=22 March 2023|accessdate=22 March 2023}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|author=Κράββαρη|first=Χριστίνα-Μαρία|date=November 2022|title=Queens of Blockchain|page=66|work=Marie Claire}}</ref> == Ntụaka == emepụta akpa aka abụọ maka aha aha ya Marina Raphael na Swarovski . [1] Na 2022, ọrụ{{Reflist|30em}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] jpjmhw7kkkna6jatyywlfw5bunhioje 3 54939 696424 193931 2026-08-02T15:35:41Z Pathoschild 155 global user pages ([[m:Synchbot|requested by Revi C.]]) 696424 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[User talk:Revi C.]] o9z79lcc9a9pfmqmrod5w3eyk4q9i0o 2 54940 696420 193932 2026-08-02T14:56:11Z Pathoschild 155 global user pages ([[m:Synchbot|requested by Revi C.]]) 696420 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[User:Revi C.]] 88g0cv17whfgb1wkeh281mptujwtlut 0 55194 696743 364081 2026-08-03T09:57:29Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 696743 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Festival International des Masques et des Arts (International Festival of Masks and the Arts), ma ọ bụ FESTIMA, bụ emume omenala na-eme emume nke a na-eme na Dédougou, Burkina Faso .  [1] Tọrọ ntọala iji nyere aka omenala omenala n'oge a, FESTIMA na- akara ihe nkpuchi na omenala sitere na ọtụtụ mba West Africa.[2]  A na-eme ya ugbu a ugboro abụọ n'afọ ole na ole.[3]  E mere iwu ọhụrụ, nke iri na ise, site na Febụwarị 29 ruo Machị 7, 2020, na Bankuy. <ref name="Lefaso2020">{{Cite web|url=https://lefaso.net/spip.php?article95072|title=Dédougou : La 15e édition du Festival international des masques et des arts se tiendra du 29 février au 7 mars 2020|author=Lawali|first=D.|date=February 24, 2020|work=Lefaso.net|publisher=|accessdate=May 27, 2021|quote=}} (in French)</ref><ref name="2020Burkina24">{{Cite web|url=https://www.burkina24.com/2020/03/03/festima-2020-un-defi-culturel-securitaire-et-economique/|title=FESTIMA 2020 : Un défi culturel, sécuritaire et économique|author=Rédaction B24|date=March 3, 2020|work=[[Burkina 24]]|publisher=|accessdate=May 27, 2021|quote=}} (in French)</ref><ref name="L'Economiste">{{Cite web|url=https://www.leconomistedufaso.bf/2020/03/16/festima-2020-entre-tradition-du-masque-et-modernite/|title=FESTIMA 2020 : Entre tradition du masque et modernité|author=M.K|date=March 16, 2020|work=Journal L'Economiste du Faso|publisher=|accessdate=May 27, 2021|quote=}} (in French)</ref> == ihe mere eme == N'afọ 1996, otu mmụ ụmụ akwụkwọ Burkinabé, ASAMA, Association for the Protection of Masks, iji kwalite ma omume omume omenala.[1][2]  Otu n'ime ihe bụ na ihe nkpuchi echeta arịa nke ndụ maka ọtụtụ ndị.  Mmalite nke ihe nkpuchi ahụ bụ ndị n'okike, n'ihi ihe mere eme a na-ahụta ya na animism.[3]  Animism na isiokwu ndị ọzọ bụ ndị agha pere mpe na Burkina Faso nke oge a, na-egosi na ha na-eme site n'etiti 7.8 na 15 nke ndị bi na ya.[4][5]  Okpukpe ka ukwuu na mba ahụ bụ Islam, nke na-ejighị ihe nkpuchi eme ihe n'ememe ha.  [6] Otú ọ dị, ndị otu ASAMA ọrịa na ihe nkpuchi ka nwebere ike mkpa na edemede nye ndị ha na- mkpa mkpa n'okpukpe.  Dị ka Ki Leonce, onye isi ụmụaka nke ASAMA, si kwuo, "E nwere ihe abụọ mgbaàmà ihe nkpuchi ihu. Otu òtù òtù na nke ọzọ bụ mmepụta; ihe ike inwe ndị agha maka ndị na-achị ihe nkpuchi, mana arọ  site na edemede". <ref name="AJ">{{Cite web|url=http://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/inpictures/2016/03/burkina-faso-festima-gathering-african-masks-160310074232928.html|title=In Burkina Faso: FESTIMA, a festival of African masks|author=Loov|first=Jacob Balzani|date=March 13, 2016|work=Al Jazeera|publisher=|accessdate=January 11, 2018}}</ref> FESTIMA mbụ, nke emere na 1996, were ụbọchị anọ, ihe omume ahụ agbasawo ruo ụbọchị asaa.[1][2]  Emere emume nke iri na atọ site na Febụwarị 27 ruo Machị 5, 2016, ma ihe nkpuchi sitere n'ihe ụmụaka obodo 50 sitere na mba isii dị n'Ebe Ọdịda siri Afrịka: Burkina Faso, Benin, Ivory Coast, Mali, Senegal  , na Togo.[3][4]  ASAMA mere na 100,000 mmadụ gara ihe omume ahụ, ihe nkiri 2,000 ndị njem egwu mba ụwa.. <ref name="CNN">{{Cite web|url=http://www.cnn.com/style/article/festima-burkina-faso/index.html|title=The masked men of Burkina Faso|author=Page|first=Thomas|date=May 13, 2016|work=CNN|publisher=|accessdate=January 11, 2018}}</ref><ref name="Lefaso">{{Cite web|url=http://lefaso.net/spip.php?article69869|title=FESTIMA 2016 : Des infrastructures pour sauvegarder les masques|author=Sawadogo|first=Tiga Cheick|date=March 1, 2016|work=LeFaso.net|publisher=|accessdate=January 11, 2018}} (in French)</ref> E mere mbipụta nke iri na anọ site na Febụwarị 24 ruo Machị 3, 2018. <ref name="Burkina24">{{Cite web|url=https://www.burkina24.com/2018/02/25/burkina-festima-2018-cest-parti-a-dedougou/|title=FESTIMA 2018 : C'est parti à Dédougou !|author=Kapigdou|first=Merveille|date=February 25, 2018|work=[[Burkina 24]]|publisher=|accessdate=August 28, 2019}} (in French)</ref> == Ihe omume == Ihe omume ndị bụ isi nke FESTIMA bụ ihe ngosi, ebe ndị na-eyi ihe nkpuchi na-agbagọ, ndị na-agụ ike na-akpọ ụbọ aka, ụbọ akwa, na Balafons.[1][2]  Mgbe ụfọdụ, onye ntụgharị na-anọ iji ihe ịgba egwu.[3]  Ụfọdụ n'ime ụzọ ndị omenala ha na- anya bụ ndị Bwaba, Marka, na Yoruba.<ref name="CNN"/> FESTIMA GỤKWU nkọwa ihe gbasara ihe mere eme na , àgwà, ihe omume, maka ihe ngosi, na ahahia.. <ref name="CNN"/> <ref name="Everfest">{{Cite web|url=https://www.everfest.com/e/festima-dedougou-burkina-faso|title=FESTIMA 2018 in Dédougou, Burkina Faso|author=|first=|date=|work=Everfest|publisher=|accessdate=January 11, 2018|archivedate=December 23, 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20231223180227/https://www.everfest.com/e/festima-dedougou-burkina-faso}}</ref><ref name="Times">{{Cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/01/10/travel/places-to-visit-music.html|title=Where Music Lovers Should Go in 2016|author=Harris|first=Rachel Lee|date=January 8, 2016|work=New York Times|publisher=|accessdate=January 11, 2018}}</ref> == Ihe odide == {{Reflist|30em}}  * [https://web.archive.org/web/20060211031810/http://www.festima.org/ Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ gọọmentị] (n'asụsụ French) tgdje0s93xlmonr3hk1ieop7athgond 0 57491 696427 577334 2026-08-02T19:01:21Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 696427 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Joyce Ashuntantang''' bụ onye Cameroon na-ede uri na onye edemede na-emepụta ihe.<ref>{{Cite web|title=African Books Collective: Joyce Ash|url=http://www.africanbookscollective.com/authors-editors/joyce-ashuntantang|accessdate=2020-12-03|work=www.africanbookscollective.com}}</ref> O nyela aka na akwụkwọ edemede mba ụwa itoolu ma bụrụkwa Prọfesọ Bekee na Mahadum Hartford, West Hartford, Connecticut.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2018-07-15|title=Joyce Ashuntantang|url=https://spearsmedia.com/team/joyce-ashuntantang/|accessdate=2020-12-03|work=Spears Books|language=en-US|archivedate=2020-08-10|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200810213227/https://spearsmedia.com/team/joyce-ashuntantang/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Joyce Ashuntantang {{!}} University of Hartford|url=https://www.hartford.edu/directory/hillyer/ashuntantang-joyce.aspx|accessdate=2021-05-22|work=www.hartford.edu|archivedate=2021-03-08|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210308005108/https://www.hartford.edu/directory/hillyer/ashuntantang-joyce.aspx//}}</ref> == Akụkọ ndụ == Ashuntantang malitere ide akwụkwọ mgbe ọ nọ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị mana ọ dịghị echepụta ide ihe dị ka ọrụ n'ihi na n'obodo ya nke Cameroon, ebe o tolitere, egosighị edemede dịka ọrụ. O nwetara nzere BA na bekee ya na nwatakiri na Theater Arts si na Mahadum Yaoundé, Cameroon nwere Master's in Library and Information Science site na Mahadum Aberystwyth, UK, Masters in English from Hunter College, na Ph.D. na English/African Literature sitere na Ụlọ Akwụkwọ Gụsịrị Akwụkwọ na Mahadum City nke New York . <ref>{{Cite web|title=Joyce Ashuntantang {{!}} University of Hartford|url=https://www.hartford.edu/directory/hillyer/ashuntantang-joyce.aspx|accessdate=2020-12-03|work=www.hartford.edu}}</ref> O bipụtara ihe karịrị akwụkwọ anọ nke uri ma nye aka na mpịakọta 13 nke abụ uri mba ụwa yana otu akụkọ mkpirikpi nke gụnyere Landscaping Postcoloniality: The Dissemination of Cameroon Anglophone Literature (2009) na nchịkọta abụ atọ, Their Champagne Party will End: Poems in Honor of Bate Besong, co-edited (2008), A Basket of Flaming Ashes (2010) na Beautiful Fire (2018). <ref>{{Cite web|title=Joyce Ashuntantang|url=https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/2313514.Joyce_Ashuntantang|accessdate=2020-12-03|work=www.goodreads.com}}</ref> A sụgharịrị uri ya n'asụsụ Spanish, Greek, Hebrew, Turkish, Bangla, Arabic na Romanian.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Dr. Joyce Ashuntantang|url=https://www.eduartinc.org/2006/03/dr_joyce_abunaw.html|accessdate=2020-12-03|work=EduART|archivedate=2013-05-28|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130528213345/http://www.eduartinc.org/2006/03/dr_joyce_abunaw.html}}</ref> == Onyinye == Ihe nrite ya gụnyere mmụọ nke Detroit Award for Leadership (1987), Ministry of Culture, Cameroon, Award for Performance Performance in Theater (1989, 1994), Belle K. Ribicoff Prize for Excellence in Teaching and Scholarship (2012), Kathrak-Bangladesh Literary Award, na African Literature Association (ALA) 0 Akwụkwọ kere ya maka afọ 2. Nchịkọta Ọkụ mara mma (2018).<ref>{{Cite web|title=Joyce Ashuntantang: Still On The Go – joyceash|url=https://www.joyceash.com/news_service/joyce-ashuntantang-still-on-the-go/|accessdate=2020-12-03|language=en-US|archivedate=2024-12-08|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20241208160158/https://www.joyceash.com/news_service/joyce-ashuntantang-still-on-the-go/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-01-03|title=Beautiful Fire Wins Prestigious ALA Award|url=https://spearsmedia.com/beautiful-fire-wins-prestigious-ala-award/|accessdate=2021-05-22|work=Spears Books|language=en-US|archivedate=2021-05-22|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210522202933/https://spearsmedia.com/beautiful-fire-wins-prestigious-ala-award/}}</ref> == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}} [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 7z1ssvhnm6x4ua766tgw6cngrh148en 0 58208 696463 689676 2026-08-03T07:02:25Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 696463 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Faịlụ:Marian_Asantewah_2015-09-19.png|thumb|Marian Asantewah Nkansah]] Marian Asantewah Nkansah FGA bụ onye Ghana na-ahụ maka gburugburu ebe obibi. Ọrụ nyocha ya lekwasịrị anya n'ịchọta ihe ngwọta maka nsogbu gburugburu ebe obibi metụtara ọkwa na akara aka nke ihe ndị na-egbu egbu dị ka ọla dị arọ / trace, ihe ndị na-emetọ organic na-adịgide adịgide (POPs) na polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) na nri, mmiri, ala, nkume, sediments na ihe atụ gburugburu ebe obibi ndị ọzọ. Ọ na-enyochakwa mmekọrịta nke mmetọ ndị a na ibe ha na gburugburu ebe obibi. Na 2016, yana ụfọdụ ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị sitere na Mahadum Sayensị na Teknụzụ Kwame Nkrumah, o duuru nyocha nke butere nkwenye na ụrọ ọcha erimeri nwere ike ibute ọrịa kansa.[1] [2] N'afọ 2016, ọ ghọrọ ọkà mmụta sayensị mbụ nwetara ihe nrite Fayzah M. Al-Kharafi, ihe nrite kwa afọ nke na-amata ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị pụrụiche sitere na mba ndị na-akụda mmụọ sayensị na teknụzụ.[3]. Ya na Collins Obuah, ọkà mmụta sayensị ọzọ sitere na Mahadum Ghana, bụ ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị abụọ ahọpụtara ịga nzukọ Lindau Nobel Laureate na 2017 <ref>{{Cite web|date=2017-06-20|title=Two Ghanaian scientists selected for prestigious Nobel Laureates meeting|url=https://www.pulse.com.gh/innovation/making-ghana-proud-two-ghanaian-scientists-selected-for-prestigious-nobel-laureates/rzbq764|accessdate=2019-10-15|work=pulse ghana|language=en-US|archivedate=2019-10-15|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20191015073105/https://www.pulse.com.gh/innovation/making-ghana-proud-two-ghanaian-scientists-selected-for-prestigious-nobel-laureates/rzbq764}}</ref> N'afọ 2021, ọ bụ otu n'ime ụmụ nwanyị ise natara OWSD-Elsevier Foundation Awards na mba ndị na-emepe emepe. Ọ natara 2022 Africa Role Model Overall Female Personality Award, a kpọbatakwara ya dị ka Fellow nke Ghana Academy of Arts and Sciences n'otu afọ ahụ. == Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ == A mụrụ Nkansah na Ghana na Mary na Joseph Nkansah, ha abụọ bụ ndị nkuzi. Ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ praịmarị na sekọndrị na St. Anthony's Experimental School, Nkawkaw na [[Akwatia]])" id="mwIg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="St Roses Senior High (Akwatia)">St. Roses Senior High School na Akwatia, n'otu n'otu na mpaghara ọwụwa anyanwụ nke Ghana. Ọ gara n'ihu na Mahadum Sayensị na Teknụzụ Kwame Nkrumah ebe ọ nwetara nzere bachelọ na kemịkalụ na nzere masta na kemịlikụ gburugburu ebe obibi. O nwere PhD na Environmental Chemistry na Mahadum nke Bergen na [[Norway]]. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=https://twas.org/directory/nkansah-marian-asantewah|title=Nkansah, Marian Asantewah|work=TWAS|language=en|accessdate=2019-10-15}}</ref> <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://nef.org/fellow/dr-marian-asantewah-nkansah/|title=NEF Fellow - Marian Asantewah Nkansah|work=Next Einstein Forum|accessdate=2019-10-15|archivedate=2019-10-20|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20191020235956/https://nef.org/fellow/dr-marian-asantewah-nkansah/}}</ref><ref name=":3">{{Cite web|url=https://iupac.org/100/chemist/marian-asantewah-nkansah-nd/|title=Marian Asantewah Nkansah|work=IUPAC 100|language=en-US|accessdate=2019-10-16}}</ref> == Ọrụ == Ọ bụ osote prọfesọ na ngalaba Chemistry nke Mahadum Sayensị na Teknụzụ Kwame Nkrumah ebe ọ na-akụzi Practical Chemistry, Nuclear / Radiochemistry, Chemistry na Society, na Petroleum Chemistry. Ọ bụ onye nlekọta nke Africa Hall of Residence na osote onye nduzi nke ihe gbasara ụmụ akwụkwọ na-ahụ maka ọdịmma na KNUST. Ọ na-eje ozi na Kọmitii Nchịkwa nke International Year of Basic Science for Sustainable Development. Nkansah bụ onye bụbu onye isi na onye gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Global Young Academy.Ọ bụkwa onye otu ụlọ ọrụ Ghana Geological Survey Authority na Fellow nke Ghana Academy of Arts and Sciences. <ref name=":0"/><ref>{{Cite web|title=Marian Asantewah Nkansah|url=http://www.sheathe.org/marian-asantewah-nkansah.html|accessdate=2019-10-15|work=sheathe|archivedate=2019-10-15|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20191015082151/http://www.sheathe.org/marian-asantewah-nkansah.html}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite web|url=https://globalyoungacademy.net/marian-asantewah-nkansah/|title=Marian Asantewah Nkansah's Profile {{!}}|work=Global Young Academy|language=en-US|accessdate=2019-10-15}}</ref> == Onyinye na mmata == A nabatara Nkansah ma nye ya onyinye maka ọrụ ya gụnyere:<ref>{{Cite web|title=Nkansah Marian Asantewah {{!}} The AAS|url=https://www.aasciences.africa/affiliate/nkansah-marian-asantewah|accessdate=2019-10-15|work=aasciences africa|archivedate=2019-10-15|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20191015073105/https://www.aasciences.africa/affiliate/nkansah-marian-asantewah}}</ref><ref name=":1"/><ref name=":0"/><ref name=":3"/> * Onye otu Ghana Academy of Arts and Sciences * Onye mmekọ nke African Academy of SciencesỤlọ Akwụkwọ Sayensị Afrịka * E gosipụtara ya n'akwụkwọ mbụ gbasara ụmụ nwanyị Africa na sayensị * Onye na-esote Einstein Forum Fellow * 2016 - Onye mmeri nke Fayzah M. Al-Kharafi Prize * 2017 - A họpụtara ya ịga nzukọ Lindau Nobel LaureateNzukọ onye nwetara ihe nrite Nobel na Lindau * 2017 - Nhọrọ maka Global Young Academy == Edemsibia == [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] j6hzsmvzqy82lyg61d9b9tw38wtyqw3 0 59210 696430 515232 2026-08-02T19:49:55Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 696430 wikitext text/x-wiki   Justice Development and Peace Commission Onitsha dere 1990 bụ òtù na-ewepụ uru n'okpuru Catholic Archdiocese of Onitsha.  Ɔ na-anya anya na mɛyɛ aka na obodo, ụmụ na ikpe ziri ezi.  A na-akpọkarị ya JDPC.  Ọ bụ ike n'okwukwe nke dị n'okpuruokpuru ala na Ọha.[1][2]  E nwere JDPC n'ọtụtụ n'ime Archdiocese ọrịa na ụdị.  Ọ bụ aka ndị mmadụ na ibe ya na ọrụ ebere nke ụka nke ọ na-eru ọtụtụ ndị nọ ná mkpa iji melite ọnọdụ ha.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Bishop Ezeokafor Of Awka Catholic Diocese Empowers 35 Less Privileged Individuals Through JDPC|url=https://www.absradiotv.com/2022/04/08/bishop-ezeokafor-of-awka-catholic-diocese-empowers-35-less-privileged-individuals-through-jdpc/|accessdate=2025-03-21|work=Heartbeat Of The East|language=en-US|archivedate=2025-03-21|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20250321215625/https://www.absradiotv.com/2022/04/08/bishop-ezeokafor-of-awka-catholic-diocese-empowers-35-less-privileged-individuals-through-jdpc/}}</ref> Dị ka Caritas Evidence si kwuo, ihe ahụ raara onwe ya nye iji dozie nsogbu nke ogbenye, nhata, na ikpe na-ahụ ezi nke ọha na eze, ka ọ na-abụ udo na-achọ na obodo dị iche iche ezo..<ref>{{Cite web|title=Institution: 9013318672|url=https://carta-evidence.org/institution/9013318672/|accessdate=2025-03-21|work=carta-evidence.org|archivedate=2025-03-21|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20250321131608/https://carta-evidence.org/institution/9013318672/}}</ref> == Ihe omume == JDPC Onitsha nwere ihe nchọpụta na Awka udo, nchekwa, ntọala aka udo na ọrụ ọrụ na Anambra Steeti.  Nke a bụ iji maka mmalite aka na-n'oge n'ahụ iji ngwaọrụ ọnọdụ na-enyere ndị na-eme ntụli aka.[1][2]  JDPC Onitsha akpọwo mkpa maka ezi idu ndú na-achọ iji uzo na-ezo.<ref>{{Cite web|author=EWTN|title=Catholic Justice and Peace Official in Nigeria Urges Church Leaders to Speak out against Poor Leadership|url=https://www.aciafrica.org/news/13171/catholic-justice-and-peace-official-in-nigeria-urges-church-leaders-to-speak-out-against-poor-leadership|accessdate=2025-03-21|work=ACI Africa|language=en}}</ref> === Mmekọrịta kansa === JDPC Onitsha jikọtara aka na Development Initiative for Technology and Empowerment (DITEm) na Pink Health Foundation na ncheta nke 2022 World Cancer Day na Onitsha Anambra State. Isiokwu maka 2020 World Cancer Day "Closer the Care Gap," ka e ji nyocha ọrịa kansa n'efu nye ụmụ nwanyị 53. Ihe omume ahụ mere na St. Jude Parish, Fegge, Onitsha, Anambra State . <ref>{{Cite web|title=World Cancer Day: Groups Offer Free Cancer Screening To Women In Onitsha|url=https://www.thenigerianvoice.com/news/305780/world-cancer-day-groups-offer-free-cancer-screening-to-wome.html#google_vignette|accessdate=2025-03-21|work=Nigerian Voice}}</ref> === Imekọ ihe ọnụ === JDPC Onitsha esorola Development Initiative for Technology and Empowerment (DITEm) na Pink Health Foundation rụkọọ ọrụ gbasara ọrịa kansa.  Ọ rụkọkwara ọrụ na Development in Practice (DiP), Justice Development and Peace Commission (JDPC) Awka, JDC Nnewi, African Center for Leadership and Strategic Development and Civil Rights Concern (CRC) na Voice to the People Project .  [1] JDPC Onitsha sokwa na Christian Aid Nigeria rụkọọ ọrụ. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Christian Aid|date=2017|title=Partnership for change, Christian Aid Nigeria: Strategy 2012-17|url=https://www.christianaid.org.uk/sites/default/files/2022-08/christian-aid-nigeria-programme-strategy-2012-17.pdf|accessdate=2025-03-21|work=christianaid.org.uk}}</ref> === Ọrụ === * Ọrụ Mbelata na Nchịkwa nke Ihe Iju Mmiri, nke Catholic Relief Services kwadoro. Ọrụ a lekwasịrị anya na imezigharị ụlọ akwụkwọ praịmarị na ụlọ ọrụ ahụike na mpaghara gọọmentị ime obodo Ogbaru nke Anambra steeti.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Ajibade Oluwaseyi|date=2025|title=Group to renovate schools devasted by flood in Anambra|url=https://radionigeria.gov.ng/2025/02/23/group-to-renovate-schools-devasted-by-flood-in-anambra/|accessdate=2025-03-21|work=radionigeria.gov.ng}}</ref> * Udo, Nchebe, Nhọrọ Udo na Ọrụ Nwepụta. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Nation|first=The|date=2021-12-04|title=UK to FG: build on Anambra poll lessons for improved 2023 election {{!}} The Nation|url=https://thenationonlineng.net/uk-to-fg-build-on-anambra-poll-lessons-for-improved-2023-election/|accessdate=2025-03-21|work=The Nation Newspaper|language=en-US}}</ref> * Voice to the People Project (V2P): Ọrụ ọchịchị maka ndị ogbenye na ndị a chụpụrụ achụpụ nke Christian Aid Nigeria kwadoro.<ref>{{Cite book|author=African Center for Leadership, Strategy & Development (Center LSD)|title=Public Policies, Budgeting and Spending in Anambra State: Analysis of Performance in a Decade (2003-2013|date=2013|publisher=African Center for Leadership, Strategy & Development (Center LSD)|year=2013|isbn=978-2415-94-4|pages=80|language=English}}</ref> E mere ọrụ ahụ na obodo 48 dị na steeti Anambra site na nkwado nke Christian Aid (CA) ma UK Aid kwadoro ya V2P nwere echiche nwoke na nwanyị nke mere ka ha hara nhata nwoke na nwanyị na ụmụ nwanyị nwee ike.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Voice to the People (V2P) Nigeria - Christian Aid|url=https://www.christianaid.org.uk/our-work/programmes/voice-people-v2p-nigeria-0|accessdate=2025-03-21|work=www.christianaid.org.uk|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|author=Civil Rights Concern|title=Community Charter of Demand|date=2014|publisher=Civil Right Concern Publication|year=|isbn=|pages=53|language=English}}</ref> E mere ya na Anambra Steeti nke Christian Aid Nigeria duziri.<ref>{{Cite book|author=Development in Practice|title=Peer Facilitator's Guide|date=2017|publisher=Development in Practice|year=2017|location=Abuja|pages=42|language=English}}</ref> * Gọọmentị na Transparency Fund: Ike nye ndị mmadụ. Ọrụ nke lekwasịrị anya n'ime ka ọchịchị rụọ ọrụ maka ndị ogbenye na ndị a chụpụrụ achụpụ na Naịjirịa == Ndị isi nchịkwa nke JDPC Onitsha == Rev. Fr. Dr. Martin Onukwuba.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2024-11-29|title=List Of Onitsha Catholic Diocesan Clergy - Igbo People Biography|url=https://biography.igbopeople.org/list-of-onitsha-catholic-diocesan-clergy/|accessdate=2025-03-21|work=biography.igbopeople.org|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|author=Sylvester Odion Akhaine|date=2011|title=BRIEFING: NIGERIA'S 2011 ELECTIONS: THE 'CRIPPLED GIANT' LEARNS TO WALK?|journal=African Affairs|volume=110|issue=441|pages=649-655}}</ref> Rev. Fr. Dr. Edwin Udoye.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Onitsha Archdiocese|date=2024|title=Personnel placement 2024/2025 Catholic Archdiocese Onitsha, Nigeria|url=https://onitsha-archdiocese.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Personnel_Placement_2024_2025.pdf|accessdate=2025-03-21|work=onitshaarchdiocese.org}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=Obianeri|first=Ikenna|date=2022-03-27|title=Group demands unique leadership from Soludo|url=https://punchng.com/group-demands-unique-leadership-from-soludo/|accessdate=2025-03-21|work=Punch Newspapers|language=en-US}}</ref> === Akwụkwọ ndị e bipụtara === * Mmefu ego nke Anambra steeti na-ele anya: Nlekota mmefu ego nke afọ 2014. <ref>{{Cite book|author=JDPC Onitsha|title=Anambra state budget on watch: 2014 budget performance monitoring.|date=2014|publisher=JDPC Onitsha|year=2014|location=Onitsha|pages=3-9|language=English}}</ref> * Ịghọta Nkwado maka ịrụ ọrụ nke ọma na ọchịchị. ISBN: 978-978-927-062-0 * Magazin JDPC: Mmepụta kwa nkeji iri na ise nke Justice Development and Peace Commission, Archdiocese of Onitsha == Ihe odide == <references /> [[Otú:Ȯra Anambra]] olos6y62hhvvjwpjfsjq6bswmi4tehb 0 59518 696440 580663 2026-08-02T22:34:52Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 3 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 696440 wikitext text/x-wiki   {{Databox}} '''Kim Sung-ryung''' ( Korean ; amuru Febụwarị 8, 1967) bu onye omere South Korea na onye nwe aha njiri mara mma. O meriri Miss Korea 1988 emesia nọchitere anya obodo ya na Miss Universe 1989 pageant, <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://misskorea.hankooki.com/profile_view.php?year_miss=1988&miss_num=52&indexid=795|work=[[Miss Korea]]|language=ko|accessdate=January 18, 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140220112639/http://misskorea.hankooki.com/profile_view.php?year_miss=1988&miss_num=52&indexid=795|archivedate=February 20, 2014}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|author=Kim|first=Hyung-eun|title=Its luster lost, Miss Korea's crown now a relic|url=http://koreajoongangdaily.joins.com/news/article/article.aspx?aid=2972563|work=[[Korea JoongAng Daily]]|accessdate=January 18, 2014|date=June 4, 2013|archivedate=April 10, 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230410125114/https://koreajoongangdaily.joins.com/news/article/article.aspx?aid=2972563}}</ref> Kim malitere ọrụ ya dị ka onye nta akụkọ na mmemme mgbasa ozi KBS showbiz ''[[:ko:연예가 중계|Entertainment Weekly]]'' . N'afọ 1991, o mere ihe nkiri na-agaghị echefu echefu na-eme mpụta mbụ na Kang Woo-suk 's ''Who see the Dragon's Claws?'' , n'agbanyeghị na ọ ghọrọ onye na-arụsi ọrụ ike na telivishọn n'ime afọ iri sochirinụ. Ọ laghachiri na nnukwu ihuenyo na 2007, na -arụ ọrụ nkwado a ma ama na ''Shadows in the Palace'', <ref>{{Cite web|author=Kim|first=Kyu Hyun|title=Shadows in the Palace|url=http://english.ohmynews.com/articleview/article_view.asp?article_class=17&no=383380&rel_no=1|work=[[OhmyNews International]]|accessdate=January 18, 2014|date=August 15, 2008|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140227230935/http://english.ohmynews.com/articleview/article_view.asp?article_class=17&no=383380&rel_no=1|archivedate=February 27, 2014}}</ref> na ''Egwurugwu Anya'', <ref>{{Cite web|author=Min|first=Yong-joon|url=http://www.movist.com/star3d/read.asp?type=32&id=14708|language=ko|accessdate=January 18, 2014|date=January 8, 2008|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131227125828/http://www.movist.com/star3d/read.asp?type=32&id=14708|archivedate=December 27, 2013|title=MOVIST}}</ref> sochiri ''The Client'' (2011), ''Mr. XXX-Kisser'' (2012), <ref>{{Cite web|author=Cho|first=Jae-eun|title=''Comedy King'' flatters as Sung Dong-il blabbers|url=http://koreajoongangdaily.joins.com/news/article/article.aspx?aid=2953376|work=[[Korea JoongAng Daily]]|accessdate=January 18, 2014|date=May 25, 2012}}</ref> ''The Fatal Encounter'' (2014), <ref>{{Cite web|author=Chung|first=Joo-won|title=Kim Sung-ryeong okayed her role in ''Fatal Encounter'' partly for Hyun Bin|url=http://www.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=20140511000222|work=[[The Korea Herald]]|accessdate=May 13, 2014|date=May 11, 2014}}</ref> na ''The Target'' (2014). <ref>{{Cite web|author=Cremin|first=Stephen|title=Chang and Kim Seong-ryeong on Target|url=http://www.filmbiz.asia/news/chang-and-kim-seong-ryeong-on-target|work=[[Film Business Asia]]|accessdate=May 27, 2014|date=May 22, 2014|archivedate=May 27, 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140527212358/http://www.filmbiz.asia/news/chang-and-kim-seong-ryeong-on-target}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|author=Hwang|first=Hee-yeon|title=10 Scene Stealers⑦ - KIM Sung-ryeong: Shining in Her 40s with Emotional Charisma|url=http://koreanfilm.or.kr/webzine/sub/people.jsp?mode=A_VIEW&wbSeq=60|work=Korean Cinema Today|accessdate=October 30, 2014|date=October 17, 2014}}</ref> Ka ọ banyere afọ iri anọ ya, Kim ghọkwara onye ama ama maka ihe nkiri telivishọn ''Ị mara mma'' (2009), ''The Chaser'' (2012), ''Tang'' (2013), ''The Heirs'' (2013), na ''Flower of Queen'' (2015). <ref>{{Cite web|author=Lee|first=Eun-ah|title=Kim Sung-ryoung Shows off at Beauty Mnet's Music Awards|url=https://www.hancinema.net/i-am-a-regular-plutocrat-madam-kim-sung-ryung-50775.html|quote="I am a regular plutocrat madam" Kim Sung-ryung|date=December 13, 2012|work=[[HanCinema]]}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|author=Jung|first=Jin-young|title=Super Junior's Heechul Thinks Kim Sung Ryoung is Prettier than Jun Ji Hyun|url=http://mwave.interest.me/enewsworld/en/article/52769/super-junior-heechul-thinks-kimsungryoung-is-beautiful|work=enewsWorld|accessdate=January 18, 2014|date=December 6, 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140208180822/http://mwave.interest.me/enewsworld/en/article/52769/super-junior-heechul-thinks-kimsungryoung-is-beautiful|archivedate=February 8, 2014}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|author=Yoo|first=Joo-hyun|title=Actress shares tips for success in later life|url=http://koreajoongangdaily.joins.com/news/article/Article.aspx?aid=2989021|work=[[Korea JoongAng Daily]]|accessdate=May 13, 2014|date=May 13, 2014|archivedate=August 25, 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180825221835/http://koreajoongangdaily.joins.com/news/article/Article.aspx?aid=2989021}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|author=Kwon|first=Ji-youn|title=''Angry Moms'' are back on screen|url=https://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/culture/2015/04/201_175758.html|work=[[The Korea Times]]|accessdate=April 2, 2015|date=March 23, 2015}}</ref> == Ihe nkiri == === Ihe nkiri === {| class="wikitable sortable" !Year !Title !Role ! class="unsortable" |Notes |- |1991 |''Who Saw the Dragon's Claws?'' |Kim Ji-won | |- |1992 |''A Room in the Woods'' |Mi-yang | |- | rowspan="2" |2007 |''Shadows in the Palace'' |Court lady inspector | |- |''Rainbow Eyes'' |Lee Hye-seo | |- |2008 |''Our School's E.T.'' |School board director Lee | |- | rowspan="2" |2010 |''The Servant'' |Wol-mae | |- |''71: Into the Fire'' |Oh Jang-beom's mother | |- |2011 |''The Client'' |Kang Sung-hee's paralegal / office manager | |- | rowspan="3" |2012 |''The Suck Up Project: Mr. XXX-Kisser'' |Ye-ji | |- |''The Ugly Duckling'' |Nak-man's mother | |- |''Code Name: Jackal'' |Angela | |- | rowspan="2" |2014 |''The Target'' |Jung Young-joo | |- |''The Fatal Encounter'' |Lady Hyegyeong | |- |2016 |''Will You Be There?'' |Yeon-ah |Special appearance |- | rowspan="2" |2018 |''Keys to the Heart'' |Madam Hong |Special appearance<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.koreanfilm.or.kr/eng/news/news.jsp?pageIndex=1&blbdComCd=601006&seq=4459&mode=VIEW&returnUrl=&searchKeyword=|title=YOUN Yuh-jung, HAN Ji-min and KIM Sung-ryoung Co-Star in New Family Drama|date=September 13, 2017|work=Korean Film Biz Zone}}</ref> |- |''Believer'' |Oh Yeon-ok |<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=20180420000536|title=Kim Joo-hyuk's energetic performance to be a factor in 'Believer'|date=April 20, 2018|work=[[The Korea Herald]]}}</ref> |- |2020 |''The Call'' |Seo-yeon's mother |<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=109&aid=0003875025|date=October 3, 2018|work=Osen|language=ko}}</ref> |- | rowspan="3" |2024 |''My Name Is Loh Kiwan'' |Ok-hee |Netflix film<ref>{{Cite web|author=Kim Na-yeon|date=February 7, 2023|title='재혼' 송중기, 탈북자 변신..'로기완' 캐스팅 라인업 공개 [공식]|url=https://entertain.naver.com/now/read?oid=108&aid=0003126916|accessdate=February 7, 2023|publisher=Star News|language=ko}}</ref> |- |''Wonderland'' |Gil-soon |Special appearance |- |''About Family'' |Bang Jeong-hwa |<ref>{{Cite news|title='대가족' 삭발한 이승기, 슈퍼스타 주지스님 됐다…스틸 공개|url=https://m.entertain.naver.com/article/421/0007878726|work=News1|language=ko|author=Ko|first=Seung-ah|date=October 31, 2024|accessdate=December 15, 2024}}</ref> |- | scope="row" rowspan=2 {{TBA}} |''Resurrected Man'' |Miju |<ref>{{Cite web|author=Kim Bo-young|date=June 1, 2023|title='부활남' 구교환·강기영·신승호 캐스팅 확정…5월 7일 크랭크인|url=https://entertain.naver.com/now/read?oid=018&aid=0005498058|accessdate=June 1, 2023|publisher=E-Daily Star|language=ko}}</ref> |} === Usoro ihe onyonyo === {| class="wikitable sortable" !Year !Title !Role |- | rowspan="2" |1992 |''92 Whale Hunting'' |Dumb waitress Chun-ja |- |''Sunrise'' | |- | rowspan="2" |1993 |''Stormy Season'' |Lee Han-sook |- |''Youth Theater'' |Oh Yoo-kyung |- | rowspan="2" |1996 |''Mountain'' |Mi-ok |- |''Jo Gwang-jo'' |Park <nowiki><i id="mwATE">Gyeongbin</i></nowiki> |- | rowspan="6" |1998 |''A Very Special Trip'' | |- |'' The King and the Queen'' |Deposed Queen Lady Yun |- |''Winners'' |Yoo-ri |- |''MBC Best Theater:''<br /><br />"Happy Ending" | |- |''King of the Wind'' |Princess Hwapyeong |- |''Paper Crane'' |Min-sook |- | rowspan="4" |2000 |''Juliet's Man'' |Mi-ra |- |''MBC Best Theater:''<br /><br />"Summer Vacation" |OB/GYN doctor Yoon-soo |- |''KBS TV Novel:''<br /><br />"The Mind of Governing the People" |Gisaeng from Bian |- |''Gibbs' Family'' |Yeom Kyung-ok |- | rowspan="2" |2001 |''Empress Myeongseong'' |Michiko |- |''This is Love'' |Ahn Do-hae |- |2002 |''Drama City:''<br /><br />"Ahjumma Band Formation Case" |Seong-mi |- | rowspan="2" |2003 |''Age of Warriors'' |Mu-bi |- |''Garden of Eve'' |Baek Ji-ae |- | rowspan="5" |2004 |''Span Drama:''<br /><br />"The Snow Queen" |The Snow Queen |- |''MBC Best Theater:''<br /><br />"My Mom is a Superwoman" |Woo-jung |- |''Ms. Kim's Million Dollar Quest'' |Seo Woo-kyung |- |''MBC Best Theater:''<br /><br />"Perfect Roommate" |Lee Soo-jung |- |''Count of Myeongdong'' |Kim Hyun-kyung |- |2005 |''Don't Worry'' |Jo Mi-yeon |- |2006 |''My Love Dal-ja'' |Kang Nan-hee |- | rowspan="3" |2007 |''Hometown Over the Hill'' |Jeon Se-kyung |- |''Good Day to Love'' |Kim Hyo-jin |- |''How to Meet a Perfect Neighbor'' |Jung Mi-hee |- | rowspan="2" |2008 |''The Great King, Sejong'' |Kim <nowiki><i id="mwAbg">Hyobin</i></nowiki> |- |''Iljimae'' |Dan-yi |- | rowspan="3" |2009 |''Ja Myung Go'' |Mo Ha-so |- |''Soul'' |Ha-na and Doo-na's mother |- |''You're Beautiful'' |Mo Hwa-ran |- | rowspan="2" |2010 |''Definitely Neighbors'' |Kang Mi-jin |- |''Stormy Lovers'' |Chae Woo-hee |- | rowspan="2" |2011 |''What's Up?'' |Ha In-young |- |''Padam Padam'' |Jung Ji-na's mother |- | rowspan="3" |2012 |''Find Someone Who Can'' |Kim Sung-ryung |- |''Syndrome'' |Oh Eun-hee |- |''The Chaser'' |Seo Ji-soo |- | rowspan="2" |2013 |''King of Ambition''<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://english.kofice.or.kr/e00_videos/e10_tv_detail.asp?seq=584|title=Interview with Leading Actor and Actress of Yawang|date=March 5, 2013|work=Kofice|accessdate=March 23, 2025|archivedate=October 24, 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20201024192223/http://english.kofice.or.kr/e00_videos/e10_tv_detail.asp?seq=584}}</ref> |Baek Do-kyung |- |''The Heirs'' |Han Ki-ae |- |2015 |''Flower of Queen'' |Rena Jung / Jung Eun-hye / Lee Soo-jung |- | rowspan="2" |2016 |''Mrs. Cop 2''<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/nation/2016/03/398_199700.html|title=From Miss Korea to glamorous policewoman|date=March 6, 2016|work=[[The Korea Times]]}}</ref> |Ko Yoon-jung |- |''The Legend of the Blue Sea'' |Jang Jin-ok (Special appearance) |- | rowspan="2" |2018 |''Are You Human?''<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://koreajoongangdaily.joins.com/news/article/article.aspx?aid=3048789|title=Are humans ready to fall for a robot?|date=June 1, 2018|work=[[Korea JoongAng Daily]]}}</ref> |Oh Ro-ra |- |''The Beauty Inside''<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://tenasia.hankyung.com/archives/1563335|title=김성령, JTBC '뷰티 인사이드' 특별출연 (공식)|date=September 6, 2018|work=TenAsia|language=ko|accessdate=September 27, 2018|archivedate=February 27, 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200227104916/https://tenasia.hankyung.com/archives/1563335}}</ref> |Special appearance |- |2021 |''Political Fever'' |Lee Jeong-eun<ref>{{Cite news|author=Tae Yu-na|title=김성령, 문체부 장관 된다…'이렇게 된 이상 청와대로 간다' 출연 [공식]|url=https://entertain.naver.com/now/read?oid=312&aid=0000473854|work=Ten Asia|date=March 11, 2021|accessdate=March 11, 2021|language=ko}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://entertain.naver.com/now/read?oid=609&aid=0000496301|author=Kim Myung-mi|title=청와대로 간다' 김성령-배해선-백현진-이학주, 범접 불가 포스 공개|work=Newsen|date=October 7, 2021|accessdate=October 7, 2021|language=ko}}</ref> |- |2022 |''Kill Heel'' |Bae Ok-seon<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://entertain.naver.com/now/read?oid=108&aid=0003003509|author=Ahn Yoon-ji|title=김성령, tvN '킬힐' 주인공 출연..김하늘과 호흡[공식]|publisher=Star News|date=November 10, 2021|accessdate=November 15, 2021|language=ko}}</ref> |- |2023 |''Love to Hate You'' |Choi Soo-jin<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.joynews24.com/1446772|author=Park Jin-young|title=김성령, '킬힐' 이어 '연애대전' 합류…연기 열일|work=JoyNews24|date=January 26, 2022|accessdate=January 26, 2022|language=ko}}</ref> |- | rowspan="2" |2024 |''The Frog'' | |- |''A Virtuous Business'' |Oh Geum-hee<ref>{{Cite web|author=Tae|first=Yu-na|date=2024-07-22|title=[공식] 김소연→김성령, 성인용품 판매한다…'정숙한 세일즈' 하반기 방송|url=https://v.daum.net/v/20240722100202669|work=Tenasia}}</ref> |} === Ihe ngosi dị iche iche === {| class="wikitable sortable" !Afọ ! Aha ! class="unsortable" | Ihe ndetu |- | 1988 | ''[[:ko:연예가 중계|Ntụrụndụ kwa izu]]'' | |- | 1991 | ''Studio mara mma'' | |- | 1995 | Azịza ajụjụ | |- | 2013 | ''Ihe ngosi nwanyị'' | |- | 2014 | ''Enyi m onye nkuzi'' | Onye otu mgbe niile |- | 2018 | ''Iwu nke Jungle na Patagonia'' | Otu ihe nkedo ọkara nke abụọ |- | 2020 | ''Abụ m onye lanarịrị'' | Onye otu mgbe niile |- | 2021 | ''Nwanyị Plus'' | Onye ọbịa <ref>{{Cite news|author=Kim Min-ji|title=김성령·박효주·장영란·김민정·조이현, '여자플러스4' 라인업 완성…27일 첫방|publisher=Naver|url=https://entertain.naver.com/now/read?oid=421&aid=0005343015|work=News 1|date=May 11, 2021|accessdate=May 11, 2021|language=ko}}</ref> |- |} === Bochum === {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" ! scope="col" |Afọ ! scope="col" | Aha ! scope="col" | Ihe ndetu ! class="unsortable" scope="col" | Ref. |- ! scope="row" | 2017 | 2017 MBC Drama Awards | na Oh Sang-jin | <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=382&aid=0000614520|author=Choi Yun-na|title=오상진X김성령 '2017 MBC 연기대상' MC확정…30일 방송 [공식입장]|publisher=Sports Donga|date=December 20, 2017|accessdate=October 3, 2022|language=ko}}</ref> |- |} === Mmemme redio === {| class="wikitable sortable" !Afọ ! Aha ! ọdụ ọdụ |- | 1993 | ''ehihie na-aṅụrị ọṅụ na Park Se-min na Kim Sung-ryung'' | CBS-AM |- | 1995 | ''Ụlọ egwu egwu na Kim Sung-ryung'' | MBC-FM |- |} == Ụlọ ihe nkiri == {| class="wikitable sortable" !Afọ ! Aha ! Ọrụ |- | 1991 | ''Nhọrọ Nwanyị'' | |- | 1992 | ''Onye ahịa Venice'' | Portia |- | 2005 | ''Art'' | Kyung-sook |- | 2008-2009 | ''Melodrama'' | Kang Yoo-kyung |- | 2014 | ''Miss France'' <ref>{{Cite web|author=Lee|first=Claire|title=Kim Sung-ryung returns to stage|url=http://www.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=20140515001163|work=[[The Korea Herald]]|accessdate=August 13, 2014|date=May 15, 2014}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|author=Ki|first=Sun-min|title=Actress criticizes ageism in entertainment|url=http://koreajoongangdaily.joins.com/news/article/Article.aspx?aid=2994350|work=[[Korea JoongAng Daily]]|accessdate=September 7, 2014|date=September 2, 2014|archivedate=April 10, 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230410052552/https://koreajoongangdaily.joins.com/news/article/Article.aspx?aid=2994350}}</ref> | Fleur de Senlis/Martin/Samantha |- |} == Ihe nrite na nhọpụta == {| class="wikitable sortable" !Year !Award !Category !Nominated work !Result |- |1988 |32nd Miss Korea Pageant |Miss Korea - Jin | {{NA}} | {{Won}} |- | rowspan="3" |1991 |27th Baeksang Arts Awards |Best New Actress | rowspan="3" |''Who Saw the Dragon's Claws?'' | {{Won}} |- |2nd Chunsa Film Art Awards |Best New Actress | {{Won}} |- |29th Grand Bell Awards |Best New Actress | {{Won}} |- |1993 |14th Blue Dragon Film Awards |Best Supporting Actress |''A Room in the Woods'' | {{Nom}} |- |1999 |KBS Drama Awards |Excellence Award, Actress |''The King and the Queen'' | {{Won}} |- |2000 |SBS Drama Awards |Best Supporting Actress |''Juliet's Man'' | {{Won}} |- |2002 |KBS Drama Awards |Best Supporting Actress |''Empress Myeongseong'' | {{Won}} |- | rowspan="3" |2008 |45th Grand Bell Awards |Best Supporting Actress |''Shadows in the Palace'' | {{Nom}} |- |SBS Drama Awards |Best Supporting Actress in a Drama Special |''Iljimae'' | {{Nom}} |- |KBS Drama Awards |Best Supporting Actress |''The Great King, Sejong'' | {{Nom}} |- |2012 |SBS Drama Awards |Excellence Award, Actress in a Miniseries |''The Chaser'' | {{Won}} |- | rowspan="3" |2013 |49th Baeksang Arts Awards |Best Actress (TV) | rowspan="2" |''Yawang'' | {{Nom}} |- |2nd APAN Star Awards |Acting Award, Actress | {{Won}} |- |SBS Drama Awards |Special Award, Actress in a Drama Special<ref>{{Cite web|author=Lee|first=Cory|url=http://www.tenasia.com/lee-bo-young-grabs-1st-top-prize-at-the-2013-sbs-drama-awards/|title=Lee Bo-young Grabs 1st Top Prize at the 2013 SBS Drama Awards|work=TenAsia|accessdate=January 18, 2014|date=January 2, 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140328082148/http://www.tenasia.com/lee-bo-young-grabs-1st-top-prize-at-the-2013-sbs-drama-awards/|archivedate=March 28, 2014}}</ref> |''The Heirs'' | {{Won}} |- | rowspan="2" |2014 |23rd Buil Film Awards |Best Supporting Actress |''The Target'' | {{Nom}} |- |MBC Entertainment Awards |Popularity Award in a Variety Show |''My Tutor Friend'' | {{Won}} |- |2015 |4th APAN Star Awards |Excellence Award, Actress in a Serial Drama |''Flower of Queen'' | {{Nom}} |- | rowspan="4" |2016 | rowspan="4" |SBS Drama Awards |Grand Prize (Daesang) | rowspan="4" |''Mrs. Cop 2'' |{{Nom}} |- |Top Excellence Award, Actress in a Genre Drama |{{Nom}} |- |K-Wave Star Award |{{Nom}} |- |Top 10 Stars Award |{{Won}} |- | rowspan="2" |2018 |2nd The Seoul Awards |Best Supporting Actress (Film)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://entertain.naver.com/now/read?oid=408&aid=0000058599|date=September 28, 2018|work=[[iMBC]]|language=ko}}</ref> |''Keys to the Heart'' |{{Nom}} |- |KBS Drama Awards |Best Supporting Actress |''Are You Human?'' |{{Nom}} |- | rowspan="3" |2022 |20th Director's Cut Awards<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://entertain.naver.com/now/read?oid=312&aid=0000529514|author=Noh Kyu-min|title=[공식] 제20회 디렉터스컷 어워즈, 24일 개최…'오겜' 'D.P.' '지옥' 노미네이트|publisher=Ten Asia|date=February 9, 2022|accessdate=February 9, 2022|language=ko}}</ref> |Best Actress in series | rowspan="3" |''Political Fever'' | {{Nom}} |- |1st Blue Dragon Series Awards <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://entertain.naver.com/now/read?oid=076&aid=0003889396|author=Moon Ji-yeon|title=제1회 청룡시리즈어워즈 후보 공개..'오징어 게임'·'SNL코리아' 최다노미|publisher=[[Sports Chosun]]|date=July 6, 2022|accessdate=July 6, 2022|language=ko}}</ref> |Best Leading Actress | {{Nom}} |- |8th APAN Star Awards<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=117&aid=0003651331|author=Myung|first=Hee-sook|title=송중기, '빈센조'로 이견없는 대상…'옷소매' 3관왕 저력 [에이판스타어워즈](종합)|publisher=My Daily|date=September 29, 2022|accessdate=September 29, 2022|language=ko}}</ref> |Top Excellence Award, Actress in a OTT | {{Won}} |- |} == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * Kim Sung-ryung at the Korean Movie Database * {{IMDb name|1118621}} * Kim Sung-ryung at HanCinema * Kim Sung-ryung on Twitter (in Korean) * [https://y1ent.modoo.at/?link=3ealf3du Kim Sung-ryung] at Y.One Entertainment (in Korean) [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 6b1cwclzkkdkvyazyhn35a4o3m20150 0 59804 696742 637823 2026-08-03T09:47:10Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 696742 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="infobox biography vcard" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;" |<div class="fn">Mensa Otabil</div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |A mụrụ ya | class="infobox-data" |<span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1959-08-31</span>) </span>August 31, 1959 (afọ 65) <br /><div class="birthplace" style="display:inline">[[Sekondi-Takoradi]], Ghana</div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Nwunye | class="infobox-data" |<templatestyles src="Template:Marriage/styles.css" /><div class="marriage-display-ws">Joy Otabil (nwụrụ n'afọ 1986) (nwụrụ n'afọ 1986) &nbsp;&#x5F;&#x5F;&#x69;&#x62;&#x6F;&#x5F;&#x5F;&#x5F;&#x5F;&#x69;&#x62;&#x6F;&#x5F;&#x5F;&#x5F;&#x5F;&#x69;&#x62;&#x6F;&#x5F;&#x5F;&#x20;&#x1ECC;&#x20;&#x62;&#x1EE5;&#x20;&#x65;&#x7A;&#x69;&#x65;&#x20;&#x6E;&#x61;&#x20;&#x1ECD;&#x20;&#x62;&#x1EE5;</div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Ụmụaka | class="infobox-data" |4 |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Nne na Nna | class="infobox-data" |Dinah OtabilLLoyd Otabil<br /> |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" |<templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Okpukpe | class="infobox-data" |[[Efefe Kraịst|Iso Ụzọ Kraịst]] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Chọọchị | class="infobox-data" |Chọọchị Oziọma Mba Nile |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |<div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; ">Ọgbakọ ndị e jere ozi</div> | class="infobox-data" |Christ Temple, Abossey Okai, Accra & Christ Temple, East, Teshie (Rasta, Bush Road) Accra |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |<div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; ">Ọfịs ndị e nwere</div> | class="infobox-data" |Onye isi ụkọchukwu, Christ TempleChancellor (Central University College) <br /> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Aha ya | class="infobox-data" |Onye guzobere, ICGC Pastor, ICGC Christ Temple<br /> |} '''Mensa Otabil''' ( ከውጭ n'August 31, 1959), bụ onye ọkụ ọkụ Ghana, ọkà okwu na-akpali akpali, na onye ọchụnta ego.  [1][2] Ọ bụ onye adi International Central Gospel Church nke nwere isi na Accra, [[Ghana]].[2][3]  Ọ bụkwa onye akara na Chancellor nke Central University College, na CEO nke Otabil and Associates, onye isi na Leadership Growth Consultancy..<ref name="Mensah Otabil">{{Cite web|url=http://www.ghanatoghana.com/Ghanahomepage/pastor-mensah-otabil-ghanaians-talk-loudly|title=Pastor Mensah Otabil: Ghanaians talk loudly|work=GhanaToGhana|date=March 25, 2011|accessdate=21 July 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120824205546/http://www.ghanatoghana.com/Ghanahomepage/pastor-mensah-otabil-ghanaians-talk-loudly|archivedate=24 August 2012}}</ref> Ọ na-elekọta ụka International Central Gospel ugbu a, nke nwere ihe nke ihe mpaghara na Ghana, [[Obodo Békè|Europe]], United States, [[Kánada|Canada]] na ndị ọzọ nke Afrịka.  Ọ na-ejekwa ozi dị ka onye isi isi nke Christ Temple, ozi nke International Central Gospel Church.  Ọrụ ya lekwasịrị anya n'ihe gbasara Afrịka, ọ bụ ebe na ọ na-ekwu okwu na mba ụwa na ikike na ụka dị iche iche..   <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2020)">citation needed</span>]]''&#x5D;</sup> == Ndụ onwe onye == A egwuregwu Mensa Anamua Otabil na 31 Ọgọstụ 1959 n'aka Dinah na Lloyd Otabil bụ ndị bi na Asafo Street na Sekondi, na mpaghara isiokwu nke Ghana.  Ọ bụ nwa nwoke nke a na nke atọ n'Ịmụ nke mmadụ asaa nwere ụmụ nwoke a na otu nwa amụrụ (Effie, Kojo, Ekow, Mensa na Kofi).  Ọ nuna ya, Joy, n'afọ 1986 ma ha nwere ụmụ anọ ugbu a: Sompa, Nsh, Yoofi na Baaba Aseda. N'afọ ndị mbụ ya, mpaghara ya kwagara Baka-ekyir, (Sekondi) ebe ọ gara Anglican Primary School dị nso na Gyandu Park, Sekondi.  O mechara banye na Klas 2 na Community 2 No.3 Primary & Middle School (nke bụzi [[Mézíkọ|Mexico]] School) na January 1966. Nke a bụ mgbe agụ ya kwagara Tema n'ihi nkwalite nna ya ka ọ bụrụ onye njikwa ndị ọrụ na GIHOC Boat Yard na Tema. Mgbe ọ gafesịrị ule ya, Otabil nwetara nnabata na Swedru Secondary School (SWESCO) na 1972 wee gụchaa Ordinary Level Studies na 1977. Mgbe ọ nọ na Tema, ya na nne ya fere ofufe na St. Alban's Anglican Church, Tema Community 1, ma mesịa soro ya gaa na Assemblies of God Church na Tema Community 4. Otabil bụ onye otu Power House Fellowship na Tema. Nne ya nwụrụ na 1975, nna ya nwụkwara na 1976. Na ịhụ afọ 1970, ọ kwagara Roman Ridge ma ike gaa Kanda na Accra ebe ọ sonyeere Kanda fellowship.  N'oge ahụ, ọ nwerekwara ọrụ na Ngalaba Audio Visual nke Ministry of Information.  Ọ bụ n'ebe ahụ ka ọ zutere ma talent ọrụ na Edwin Donkor, onye mechara bụrụ pastọ na ICGC.  N'ime iri abụọ na isii n'afọ Febụwarị n'afọ 1984, ọ pụtara International Central Gospel Church na Kanda Cluster of Schools, ma ịhụ kwaga Sal Valley School, nke mpaghara na mpaghara Kanda..<ref name="Kumah">{{Cite web|author=Kumah|first=Edward|date=2022-08-07|title=Who is Mensa Otabil? Biography, Net Worth, Age, Wife, Children, Parents, Siblings|url=https://coverghana.com.gh/who-is-mensa-otabil-biography-net-worth-age-wife-children-parents-siblings/|accessdate=2022-09-09|work=Coverghana|language=en-US}}</ref> Ọ na-eje ozi dị ka General Overseer nke Chọọchị na Senior Pastor nke Christ Temple, Abossey Okai na Accra na Christ Temple - East, Teshie Rasta - Bush Road kwa na Accra. E nyela Otabil nzere doctorate maka ọrụ ya na ngalaba dị iche iche. Ọ bụkwa onye natara Millennium Excellence Award. N'afọ 2007, Gọọmentị Ghana nyere ya ihe nrite steeti, Order of the Volta (Okpukpe). <ref name="Kumah"/> == Onyinye na mmata == Na Machị 2018, Otabil, ya na Kofi Annan na Martin Amidu mere ya na ndepụta nke 100 Ndị Afrịka A Ma Ama. <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://pulse.com.gh/news/politics/martin-amidu-otabil-make-list-of-100-most-reputable-africans-id8112356.html|title=Martin Amidu, Otabil make list of 100 Most Reputable Africans|author=Tornyi|first=Emmanuel|accessdate=2018-03-24|language=en-US}}</ref> Ndepụta ahụ gosipụtakwara ndị mmadụ si na ngalaba dị iche iche gụnyere idu ndú, ntụrụndụ, nkwado, agụmakwụkwọ na azụmaahịa. N'afọ 2015, ndị Ghana họpụtara ya dị ka "Onye kachasị nwee mmetụta na Ghana", dịka ndepụta nke ETV Ghana bipụtara si kwuo.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.starrfmonline.com/1.1998160|title=Otabil is most influential Ghanaian|date=February 16, 2015|work=Starr FM online|accessdate=21 July 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150708221652/http://www.starrfmonline.com/1.1998160|archivedate=8 July 2015}}</ref> N'afọ 2013, a na-ewere ya dị ka onye Ghana nke iri abụọ na anọ na-enwe ike, na mbụ aka nke ETV Ghana.<ref name="etv2">{{Cite web|title=Ghana's 100 Most Influential personalities in 2012 finally revealed|url=http://www.etvghana.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=2994:ghanas-100-most-influential-personalities-in-2012-finally-revealed&Itemid=484|accessdate=4 February 2014|publisher=Etv Ghana|archivedate=21 February 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140221165049/http://www.etvghana.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=2994:ghanas-100-most-influential-personalities-in-2012-finally-revealed&Itemid=484}}</ref> == Telivishọn na redio == Otabil na-aga mmemme redio na ebe a na-akpọ Living Word ebe ọ na-ekwu maka nsogbu ndụ dị ka Okpukpe, njikọ, ikike na-, Ndụ, ngwaọrụ na Soviet Soviet.<ref>{{Cite web|title=ICGC_California_ICGC_Founder_&_Overseerer_Dr_Mensa_Otabil|url=http://icgccalifornia.org/icgcfounder.html|accessdate=2018-03-24|work=International Central Gospel Church california|archivedate=2018-03-04|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180304012923/http://icgccalifornia.org/icgcfounder.html}}</ref> Ọtụtụ netwọk redio na telivishọn agbasawo mmemme ahụ na Ghana. Ihe ngosi ahụ na-aga na ihe Matthew Ashimolowo KICC-TV, nke na-eru n'ịgba Europe na North Africa na nke Middle East..<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=LIVING WORD WITH MENSA OTABIL|url=http://www.kicctv.tv/index.php/our-rates/22-shows/worldwide-ministries/30-living-word-with-mensa-otabil|accessdate=2018-03-24|work=kicctv|language=en-gb|archivedate=2018-03-24|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180324224338/http://www.kicctv.tv/index.php/our-rates/22-shows/worldwide-ministries/30-living-word-with-mensa-otabil}}</ref> == ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na echiche ọha na eze == A kpọtụrụ Otabil aha n'ọtụtụ ụlọ ọrụ mgbasa ozi Ghana maka echiche ya banyere ọchịchị na Africa n'ozuzu ya. A na-ebo ya ebubo na ọ na-ele mmadụ anya n'ihu na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị <ref name="mobile.ghanaweb.com">{{Cite web|title=Mahama viciously attacks Otabil for being 'tired' of politics|url=https://mobile.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/Mahama-viciously-attacks-Otabil-for-being-tired-of-politics-636246|accessdate=2018-03-24|work=Mobile GhanaWeb.}}</ref> ma sonye na NPP (otu ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na Ghana). <ref>{{Cite web|title=Mensah Otabil is pure NPP – Ponkoh asserts|url=https://mobile.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/Mensah-Otabil-is-pure-NPP-Ponkoh-asserts-417948|accessdate=2018-03-24|work=Mobile GhanaWeb|archivedate=2018-03-24|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180324224412/https://mobile.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/Mensah-Otabil-is-pure-NPP-Ponkoh-asserts-417948}}</ref> N'ọnwa Machị afọ 2018, onye bụbu onye isi ala, John Dramani Mahama malitere mwakpo yiri nke ahụ na Otabil. <ref name="mobile.ghanaweb.com" /> Ndị ọrụ nke New Patriotic Party (NPP) [1] na onye bụbu onye isi ala John Agyekum Kuffour [2] nke na-eso na Mensa Otabil Ezinụlọ onye ikike ike, kama ọ bụ onye na-eme ihe n'ụzọ ziri ezi nke na-amasị ikwu maka eziokwu nke ụbọchị ahụ..<ref name="Debrah">{{Cite news|url=https://yen.com.gh/amp/42408-dr-mensa-otabil-not-politician-j-kufuor-video.html|title=Dr Mensa Otabil is not a politician – J.A Kufuor (video)|author=Debrah|first=Ameyaw|accessdate=2018-03-24|language=en}}</ref> == Akụkọ Capital Bank == Otabil bụ Louis oche nke Capital Bank dara.[1]  A na-ekwu na Otabil duziri nnata ego na-enwe mmetụta site na Bank n'aha ndị otu ya na ha nwere njikọ nke mere ka ọ daa.  Wall nke ndị Ghana akpọọla ka a kwado ndị isi ụlọ akụ ahụ ata na ha keere òkè dị mkpa na ike ya.  Otú ọ dị, na Disemba 2018, Otabil gbarachitere ya megide ikpe nke Vish Ashiagbor na Eric Nana Nipah nke PricewaterhouseCoopers egwu, ndị bụ ndị na-anata Capital Bank (Ghana) .  Ndị gbara akwụkwọ, Messrs Vish Ashiagbor na Eric Nana Nipah si PricewaterhouseCoopers, kwuru na ike ụlọ akụ ahụ bụ "ihe si na ndị a na-ebo ebubo" "Maka-eri ezi" na akwụkwọ iwu ụlọ akụ "n' Pan ama".  Pastọ Otabil na nzaghachi ya pụtara n'iche ikwu na ụlọ ọrụ ọ na-eduzi ya mere ihe mgbakwasị na-abụ ezi na Bank of Ghana n'ihe gbasara mgbasa ozi nke obere ego maka inye ikike ụlọ akụ - nke bụ otu n'ime okwu na ikpe ya na ndị ndu ndị ọzọ. Otabil kọwakwara n'ịgbachitere ya na-enye nọmba nke GHī482 nde a akwụkwọ n' akwụkwọ nke Capital Bank (Ghana) nke site na ileghara anya nke ndị nduzi.  O kwuru na ọ bụ n'ihi na onye gbara akwụkwọ ihe dị iche iche iche dị ama ma ọ bụ nke na-adịghị mma nke a na-ahụ na ụbọchị microfinance nke First Capital Plus nke onyinye Capital Bank (Ghana. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.adomonline.com/ghana-news/otabil-files-defence-against-defunct-capital-bank-suit-denies-wrongdoing/|title=Otabil Files Defence|work=Adomonline|accessdate=2019-02-04}}</ref> == Akwụkwọ ndị e bipụtara == Otabil ebipụtala ọtụtụ akwụkwọ na-akpali akpali, idu ndú, na ofufe: * ''Zụta Ọdịnihu: Ịmụta Ịkparịta ụka maka Ọdịnihu Ka Mma karịa Ugbu A Gị''<ref name="amazon">{{Cite book|title=Buy the Future: Learning to Negotiate for a Future Better Than Your Present|isbn=1562291904}}</ref> * ''Okpukpe: Okwu Dị Ndụ'' '''Akwụkwọ e-akwụkwọ:''' * ''Nzọụkwụ 5 Iji Azịza Ekpere'' * ''E tere ya mmanụ ịmalite ma mechie'' * ''Ịtọ Ihe Ebumnuche & Ịtọ Ihe'' * ''Otu esi ejupụta Mmụọ Nsọ'' * ''Ịgbanwe adịghị ike gị ka ọ bụrụ ike'' == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * "[http://yen.com.gh/40584-yen-com-gh-polls-mensa-otabil-wins-best-pastor-president.html "Mensa Otabil meriri dị ka onye ụkọchukwu kacha mma maka onye isi ala"]", Yen.com [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Otú:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 6wohlg23yxbjmji5y49cjo9rey089q1 0 60207 696446 320052 2026-08-03T01:48:20Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 696446 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Lelona "Kokota Lelo" Daweti''' (amụrụ 8 Septemba 1999) bụ onye egwuregwu bọọlụ South Africa nke na-egwu egwu dị ka onye na-aga n'ihu maka ọgbakọ SFA Women's League Mamelodi Sundowns na otu mba ụmụ nwanyị South Africa . <ref>{{Cite web|author=Ntsoelengoe|first=Tshepo|date=2022-11-02|title=Daweti helps Sundowns Ladies beat Bayesla|url=https://www.citizen.co.za/sport/soccer/local-soccer/daweti-helps-sundowns-ladies-beat-bayesla/|accessdate=2023-11-10|work=The Citizen|language=en}}</ref> == Ọrụ klọb == === Ụmụ nwanyị Mamelodi Sundowns === Ọ sonyeere ndị otu SAFA Women's League Mamelodi Sundowns na South Africa wee so na otu ndị na-agba ọsọ maka 2022 COSAFA Champions League na 2022 CAF Champions League Women's Champions League <ref>{{Cite web|author=Abrahams|first=Celine|date=2022-11-14|title=ASFAR Crowned 2022 CAF Women's Champions League Winners|url=https://gsport.co.za/asfar-crowned-2022-caf-womens-champions-league-winners/|accessdate=2023-11-10|work=gsport4girls|language=en-ZA}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=Sundowns Ladies crowned inaugural Caf Women's Champions League winners|url=https://www.sowetanlive.co.za/sport/soccer/2021-11-20-sundowns-ladies-crowned-inaugural-caf-womens-champions-league-winners/|accessdate=2023-11-10|work=SowetanLIVE|language=en-ZA}}</ref> Agbakwunyere ya na 2022 CAF Champions League Best XI. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Sithole|first=Sinethemba|date=2022-11-16|title=Three Sundowns Ladies Make it in Champions League Best XI|url=https://thisisfootball.africa/three-sundowns-ladies-make-it-in-champions-league-best-xi/|accessdate=2023-11-10|work=This is Football|language=en-ZA|archivedate=2023-11-11|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20231111115200/https://thisisfootball.africa/three-sundowns-ladies-make-it-in-champions-league-best-xi/}}</ref> Mgbe e mesịrị n'afọ ahụ ọ meriri aha SAFA Women's League na Sundowns. <ref>{{Cite web|author=profseuno|first=profseuno|date=2022-11-27|title=Sundowns presented with third straight league title|url=https://kick442.com/sundowns-presented-with-third-straight-league-title/|accessdate=2023-12-21|work=KICK442 Sport News|language=en-US}}</ref> Na 2023, ọ so na otu ndị meriri 2023 COSAFA Champions League . Daweti bụ onye nyere goolu atọ n'asọmpị ahụ. <ref>{{Cite web|date=2023-08-09|title=Mamelodi Sundowns to represent COSAFA region at CAF Women’s Champions League|url=https://www.cafonline.com/caf-womens-champions-league/news/mamelodi-sundowns-to-represent-cosafa-region-at-caf-women-s-champions-league/|accessdate=2024-01-01|work=CAF|language=en-GB}}</ref> Ọ merụrụ ahụ nke mere ka ọ ghara ịpụ ya maka ncheta oge. == Ọrụ mba ụwa == Na 2017, ahọpụtara ya na ndị otu Basetsana maka asọmpi iko mba ụwa nke U/20. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Oriaku|first=Peter|date=2018-01-23|title=South Africa's Daweti Confident Basetsana Will Beat Falconets On Aggregate For U-20 W/Cup Ticket|url=https://www.completesports.com/south-africas-daweti-%e2%80%8econfident-basetsana-will-beat-falconets-aggregate-u-20-w-cup-ticket/|accessdate=2023-11-10|work=Complete Sports|language=en-us|archivedate=2023-11-10|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20231110141530/https://www.completesports.com/south-africas-daweti-%E2%80%8Econfident-basetsana-will-beat-falconets-aggregate-u-20-w-cup-ticket/}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|author=REPORTER|first=SUNSPORT|title=BASETSANA SQUAD FOR U-20 WC QUALIFIERS|url=https://www.snl24.com/dailysun/sport/basetsana-squad-for-u-20-wc-qualifiers-20170906|accessdate=2023-11-10|work=Daily Sun|language=en-US|archivedate=2023-11-10|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20231110113709/https://www.snl24.com/dailysun/sport/basetsana-squad-for-u-20-wc-qualifiers-20170906}}</ref> Na 2022, Daweti meriri otu egwuregwu bọọlụ mba ụmụ nwanyị South Africa na asọmpi ụmụ nwanyị COSAFA 2022 ebe ha gbara ọsọ ruo Zambia . == Nkwanye ugwu == === Klọb === * Njikọ ụmụ nwanyị SAFA : 2022, 2023 '''South Africa''' * Asọmpi ụmụ nwanyị COSAFA : onye gbara ọsọ: 2022 '''Onye''' * 2023 COSAFA Champions League : Onye kacha nye goolu (ọlụ atọ) == Ntụaka == iji nwetakwuo oge egwuregwu. Ọ gbara na mpụta mbụ n'asọmpị pụọ na Aqua Ladies. [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 49b4mu4ash3ultafoveeayiyjo7q3fr 828 62294 696729 670312 2026-07-30T21:52:39Z Andrybak 14535 Set `approx_num_total_pages = 66000000` (66 million). [[Special:Statistics]] shows 65,988,696 right now. We don't need a lot of precision here. Next update can be at 67 million. 696729 Scribunto text/plain require('strict') local p = {} local getArgs = require('Module:Arguments').getArgs local _fetch = require('Module:Transclusion_count')._fetch -- _fetch looks at the 'demo' argument local yesno = require('Module:Yesno') local lang_obj = mw.getContentLanguage() -- this here because the language object is used multiple places in the module local large_count_cutoff = 100000 local approx_num_total_pages = 66000000 local user_subpage_info_page = 'Wikipedia:User pages#SUB' local sandbox_module_page = 'Module:Sandbox' local system_messages_cat = 'Pages used in system messages needing protection' local sandbox_word = 'sandbox' local testcases_word = 'testcases' local doc_word = 'doc' local function count_from_args(args) if tonumber(args.count) then -- check if function has already been used return tonumber(args.count) -- early exit if so end local count if yesno(args['fetch']) ~= false then count = _fetch(args) -- fetch transclusion count end -- use explicitly-provided count when fetch fails if count == nil and args[1] ~= nil and args[1] ~= '' then -- convert local language number string to a number understandable by Lua count = mw.ustring.gsub(args[1], '+$', '') count = lang_obj:parseFormattedNumber(args[1]) end -- in case someone writes a non-positive number if count and count > 0 then return count end return nil end -- Actions if there is a large (greater than or equal to 100,000) transclusion count local function risk_boolean(args) if args.risk == true or args.risk == false then return args.risk elseif args[1] == 'risk' then return true else local count = count_from_args(args) if count and count >= large_count_cutoff then return true end end return false end -- function retained for backwards compatibility function p._risk(args) return risk_boolean(args) and 'risk' or '' end -- function retained for backwards compatibility function p.risk(frame) return p._risk(getArgs(frame)) end -- count and no_percent arguments retained for backwards compatibility function p._num(args, count, no_percent) if count == nil then count = count_from_args(args) end args.count = count args.risk = risk_boolean(args) -- Build output string local return_value = '' if args.count == nil and args.risk then return 'a very large number of' elseif args.count == nil then return 'many' else -- Use 2 significant figures for smaller numbers and 3 for larger ones local sigfig = 2 if args.count >= large_count_cutoff then sigfig = 3 end -- Prepare to round to appropriate number of sigfigs local f = math.floor(math.log10(args.count)) - sigfig + 1 -- Round and insert 'approximately' or '+' when appropriate if yesno(args[2]) == true or (type(args[1]) == 'string' and (mw.ustring.sub(args[1], -1) == '+')) then -- Round down return_value = string.format('%s+', lang_obj:formatNum(math.floor( (args.count / 10^(f)) ) * (10^(f))) ) else -- Round to nearest return_value = string.format('approximately&#x20;%s', lang_obj:formatNum(math.floor( (args.count / 10^(f)) + 0.5) * (10^(f))) ) end -- Insert percentage of pages if that is likely to be >= 1% and when |no-percent= not set to yes no_percent = yesno(no_percent or args['no-percent']) if args.count and args.count >= approx_num_total_pages/100 and not no_percent then local num_total_pages = mw.getCurrentFrame():callParserFunction('NUMBEROFPAGES', 'R') local total_percent = math.floor( ( ( args.count/num_total_pages ) * 100) + 0.5) if total_percent >= 1 then return_value = string.format('%s&#x20;pages, or roughly %s%% of all', return_value, total_percent) end end end return return_value end -- used by [[Template:Stub documentation]] and other pages -- count argument retained for backwards compatibility function p.num(frame, count) return p._num(getArgs(frame), count) end -- count argument retained for backwards compatibility function p._text(args, count) --[=[ Only show the information about how this template gets updated if someone is actually editing the page and maybe trying to update the count. ]=] local bot_text = (mw.getCurrentFrame():preprocess('{{REVISIONID}}') == '') and ("\n\n----\n'''Preview message''':" .. ' Transclusion count updated automatically ([[Template:High-use/doc#Technical details|see documentation]]).') or '' if count == nil then count = count_from_args(args) end args.count = count args.risk = risk_boolean(args) -- trim /doc, /sandbox and /testcases local title = args.title or (args.demo and args.demo ~= '' and mw.title.new(args.demo, 'Template')) or mw.title.getCurrentTitle() if title.subpageText == doc_word or title.subpageText == sandbox_word or title.subpageText == testcases_word then title = title.basePageTitle end -- use /testcases of base template local testcases_page = mw.title.new(title.prefixedText .. '/' .. testcases_word) -- exists is expensive while testcases_page.basePageTitle.isSubpage and not testcases_page.exists do testcases_page = mw.title.new(testcases_page.basePageTitle.basePageTitle.prefixedText .. '/' .. testcases_word) end local systemMessages = (args['system'] or '') ~= '' -- This retrieves the project URL automatically to simplify localization. local templateCount = ('on [https://linkcount.toolforge.org/?project=%s&page=%s#transclusions %s pages]'):format( title:fullUrl():gsub('//(.-)/.*', '%1'), mw.uri.encode(title.fullText), p._num(args)) local used_on_text = "'''This " .. (title:inNamespace('Module') and 'Lua module' or 'template') .. ' is used ' if systemMessages then used_on_text = used_on_text .. args['system'] .. ((args.count and args.count > 2000) and ("''', and " .. templateCount) or ("'''")) else used_on_text = used_on_text .. templateCount .. "'''" end local sandbox_text = ('%s\'s [[%s/sandbox|/sandbox]] or [[%s|/testcases]] subpages, or in your own [[%s]]. '):format( title:inNamespace('Module') and 'module' or 'template', title.fullText, testcases_page.fullText, title:inNamespace('Module') and (sandbox_module_page .. '|module sandbox') or (user_subpage_info_page .. '|user subpage') ) local infoArg = args['info'] ~= '' and args['info'] if (systemMessages or args.risk) then local info = '.' if systemMessages then info = info .. '<br />Changes to it can cause immediate changes to the ' .. mw.site.namespaces.Project.name .. ' user interface.' end if infoArg then info = info .. '<br />' .. infoArg end sandbox_text = info .. '<br /> To avoid major disruption' .. (args.count and args.count >= large_count_cutoff and ' and server load' or '') .. -- should this use args.risk? ', any changes should be tested in the ' .. sandbox_text .. 'The tested changes can be added to this page in a single edit. ' else sandbox_text = (infoArg and ('.<br />' .. infoArg .. ' C') or ' and c') .. 'hanges may be widely noticed. Test changes in the ' .. sandbox_text end local discussion_text = systemMessages and 'Please discuss changes ' or 'Consider discussing changes ' if args[2] ~= nil and args[2] ~= '' and yesno(args[2]) == nil then discussion_text = string.format('%sat [[%s]]', discussion_text, args[2]) else discussion_text = string.format('%son the [[%s|talk page]]', discussion_text, title.talkPageTitle.fullText) end return used_on_text .. sandbox_text .. discussion_text .. ' before implementing them.' .. bot_text end -- used by [[Template:R from high-use template]] -- count argument retained for backwards compatibility function p.text(frame, count) return p._text(getArgs(frame), count) end -- nocat argument retained for backwards compatibility function p._main(args, nocat) args.count = count_from_args(args) args.risk = risk_boolean(args) args.title = (args.demo and args.demo ~= '' and mw.title.new(args.demo, 'Template')) or mw.title.getCurrentTitle() local image = 'Ambox warning yellow.svg' local type_param = 'style' local epilogue = '' if args['system'] and args['system'] ~= '' then image = 'Ambox important.svg' type_param = 'content' if yesno(nocat or args['nocat']) ~= true and not args.title.isRedirect then local protection_action = (args.title:inNamespace('File') and 'upload') or 'edit' local protection_level = require('Module:Effective protection level')._main(protection_action, args.title.fullText) if protection_level ~= 'sysop' and protection_level ~= 'templateeditor' and protection_level ~= 'interfaceadmin' then epilogue = mw.getCurrentFrame():expandTemplate { title = 'sandbox other', args = { [2] = '[[Category:' .. system_messages_cat .. ']]' } } end end elseif args.risk then image = 'Ambox warning orange.svg' type_param = 'content' end image = '[[File:' .. image .. '|40px|alt=Warning|link=]]' if args['form'] == 'editnotice' then return mw.getCurrentFrame():expandTemplate{ title = 'editnotice', args = { ['image'] = image, ['text'] = p._text(args), ['expiry'] = (args['expiry'] or '') } } .. epilogue else return require('Module:Message box').main('ombox', { type = type_param, image = image, text = p._text(args), expiry = (args['expiry'] or '') }) .. epilogue end end function p.main(frame) return p._main(getArgs(frame)) end return p qkt57qdst1ol2kbo88d4jxkr0ibiuy4 696730 696729 2026-08-03T07:55:07Z King ChristLike 13051 1 revision imported from [[:en:Module:High-use]] 696729 Scribunto text/plain require('strict') local p = {} local getArgs = require('Module:Arguments').getArgs local _fetch = require('Module:Transclusion_count')._fetch -- _fetch looks at the 'demo' argument local yesno = require('Module:Yesno') local lang_obj = mw.getContentLanguage() -- this here because the language object is used multiple places in the module local large_count_cutoff = 100000 local approx_num_total_pages = 66000000 local user_subpage_info_page = 'Wikipedia:User pages#SUB' local sandbox_module_page = 'Module:Sandbox' local system_messages_cat = 'Pages used in system messages needing protection' local sandbox_word = 'sandbox' local testcases_word = 'testcases' local doc_word = 'doc' local function count_from_args(args) if tonumber(args.count) then -- check if function has already been used return tonumber(args.count) -- early exit if so end local count if yesno(args['fetch']) ~= false then count = _fetch(args) -- fetch transclusion count end -- use explicitly-provided count when fetch fails if count == nil and args[1] ~= nil and args[1] ~= '' then -- convert local language number string to a number understandable by Lua count = mw.ustring.gsub(args[1], '+$', '') count = lang_obj:parseFormattedNumber(args[1]) end -- in case someone writes a non-positive number if count and count > 0 then return count end return nil end -- Actions if there is a large (greater than or equal to 100,000) transclusion count local function risk_boolean(args) if args.risk == true or args.risk == false then return args.risk elseif args[1] == 'risk' then return true else local count = count_from_args(args) if count and count >= large_count_cutoff then return true end end return false end -- function retained for backwards compatibility function p._risk(args) return risk_boolean(args) and 'risk' or '' end -- function retained for backwards compatibility function p.risk(frame) return p._risk(getArgs(frame)) end -- count and no_percent arguments retained for backwards compatibility function p._num(args, count, no_percent) if count == nil then count = count_from_args(args) end args.count = count args.risk = risk_boolean(args) -- Build output string local return_value = '' if args.count == nil and args.risk then return 'a very large number of' elseif args.count == nil then return 'many' else -- Use 2 significant figures for smaller numbers and 3 for larger ones local sigfig = 2 if args.count >= large_count_cutoff then sigfig = 3 end -- Prepare to round to appropriate number of sigfigs local f = math.floor(math.log10(args.count)) - sigfig + 1 -- Round and insert 'approximately' or '+' when appropriate if yesno(args[2]) == true or (type(args[1]) == 'string' and (mw.ustring.sub(args[1], -1) == '+')) then -- Round down return_value = string.format('%s+', lang_obj:formatNum(math.floor( (args.count / 10^(f)) ) * (10^(f))) ) else -- Round to nearest return_value = string.format('approximately&#x20;%s', lang_obj:formatNum(math.floor( (args.count / 10^(f)) + 0.5) * (10^(f))) ) end -- Insert percentage of pages if that is likely to be >= 1% and when |no-percent= not set to yes no_percent = yesno(no_percent or args['no-percent']) if args.count and args.count >= approx_num_total_pages/100 and not no_percent then local num_total_pages = mw.getCurrentFrame():callParserFunction('NUMBEROFPAGES', 'R') local total_percent = math.floor( ( ( args.count/num_total_pages ) * 100) + 0.5) if total_percent >= 1 then return_value = string.format('%s&#x20;pages, or roughly %s%% of all', return_value, total_percent) end end end return return_value end -- used by [[Template:Stub documentation]] and other pages -- count argument retained for backwards compatibility function p.num(frame, count) return p._num(getArgs(frame), count) end -- count argument retained for backwards compatibility function p._text(args, count) --[=[ Only show the information about how this template gets updated if someone is actually editing the page and maybe trying to update the count. ]=] local bot_text = (mw.getCurrentFrame():preprocess('{{REVISIONID}}') == '') and ("\n\n----\n'''Preview message''':" .. ' Transclusion count updated automatically ([[Template:High-use/doc#Technical details|see documentation]]).') or '' if count == nil then count = count_from_args(args) end args.count = count args.risk = risk_boolean(args) -- trim /doc, /sandbox and /testcases local title = args.title or (args.demo and args.demo ~= '' and mw.title.new(args.demo, 'Template')) or mw.title.getCurrentTitle() if title.subpageText == doc_word or title.subpageText == sandbox_word or title.subpageText == testcases_word then title = title.basePageTitle end -- use /testcases of base template local testcases_page = mw.title.new(title.prefixedText .. '/' .. testcases_word) -- exists is expensive while testcases_page.basePageTitle.isSubpage and not testcases_page.exists do testcases_page = mw.title.new(testcases_page.basePageTitle.basePageTitle.prefixedText .. '/' .. testcases_word) end local systemMessages = (args['system'] or '') ~= '' -- This retrieves the project URL automatically to simplify localization. local templateCount = ('on [https://linkcount.toolforge.org/?project=%s&page=%s#transclusions %s pages]'):format( title:fullUrl():gsub('//(.-)/.*', '%1'), mw.uri.encode(title.fullText), p._num(args)) local used_on_text = "'''This " .. (title:inNamespace('Module') and 'Lua module' or 'template') .. ' is used ' if systemMessages then used_on_text = used_on_text .. args['system'] .. ((args.count and args.count > 2000) and ("''', and " .. templateCount) or ("'''")) else used_on_text = used_on_text .. templateCount .. "'''" end local sandbox_text = ('%s\'s [[%s/sandbox|/sandbox]] or [[%s|/testcases]] subpages, or in your own [[%s]]. '):format( title:inNamespace('Module') and 'module' or 'template', title.fullText, testcases_page.fullText, title:inNamespace('Module') and (sandbox_module_page .. '|module sandbox') or (user_subpage_info_page .. '|user subpage') ) local infoArg = args['info'] ~= '' and args['info'] if (systemMessages or args.risk) then local info = '.' if systemMessages then info = info .. '<br />Changes to it can cause immediate changes to the ' .. mw.site.namespaces.Project.name .. ' user interface.' end if infoArg then info = info .. '<br />' .. infoArg end sandbox_text = info .. '<br /> To avoid major disruption' .. (args.count and args.count >= large_count_cutoff and ' and server load' or '') .. -- should this use args.risk? ', any changes should be tested in the ' .. sandbox_text .. 'The tested changes can be added to this page in a single edit. ' else sandbox_text = (infoArg and ('.<br />' .. infoArg .. ' C') or ' and c') .. 'hanges may be widely noticed. Test changes in the ' .. sandbox_text end local discussion_text = systemMessages and 'Please discuss changes ' or 'Consider discussing changes ' if args[2] ~= nil and args[2] ~= '' and yesno(args[2]) == nil then discussion_text = string.format('%sat [[%s]]', discussion_text, args[2]) else discussion_text = string.format('%son the [[%s|talk page]]', discussion_text, title.talkPageTitle.fullText) end return used_on_text .. sandbox_text .. discussion_text .. ' before implementing them.' .. bot_text end -- used by [[Template:R from high-use template]] -- count argument retained for backwards compatibility function p.text(frame, count) return p._text(getArgs(frame), count) end -- nocat argument retained for backwards compatibility function p._main(args, nocat) args.count = count_from_args(args) args.risk = risk_boolean(args) args.title = (args.demo and args.demo ~= '' and mw.title.new(args.demo, 'Template')) or mw.title.getCurrentTitle() local image = 'Ambox warning yellow.svg' local type_param = 'style' local epilogue = '' if args['system'] and args['system'] ~= '' then image = 'Ambox important.svg' type_param = 'content' if yesno(nocat or args['nocat']) ~= true and not args.title.isRedirect then local protection_action = (args.title:inNamespace('File') and 'upload') or 'edit' local protection_level = require('Module:Effective protection level')._main(protection_action, args.title.fullText) if protection_level ~= 'sysop' and protection_level ~= 'templateeditor' and protection_level ~= 'interfaceadmin' then epilogue = mw.getCurrentFrame():expandTemplate { title = 'sandbox other', args = { [2] = '[[Category:' .. system_messages_cat .. ']]' } } end end elseif args.risk then image = 'Ambox warning orange.svg' type_param = 'content' end image = '[[File:' .. image .. '|40px|alt=Warning|link=]]' if args['form'] == 'editnotice' then return mw.getCurrentFrame():expandTemplate{ title = 'editnotice', args = { ['image'] = image, ['text'] = p._text(args), ['expiry'] = (args['expiry'] or '') } } .. epilogue else return require('Module:Message box').main('ombox', { type = type_param, image = image, text = p._text(args), expiry = (args['expiry'] or '') }) .. epilogue end end function p.main(frame) return p._main(getArgs(frame)) end return p qkt57qdst1ol2kbo88d4jxkr0ibiuy4 10 63741 696468 689089 2012-07-31T15:54:03Z Ham Cork Fest 31243 */ Template category */ fix small error 364349 wikitext text/x-wiki phoiac9h4m842xq45sp7s6u21eteeq1 696469 689090 2026-08-03T07:51:09Z King ChristLike 13051 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Redirect_template]] 364372 wikitext text/x-wiki {{#invoke:Redirect template|main}}<noinclude> {{Documentation}}</noinclude> 1cl28dcwjsrtge5hedu653jwub1cll3 696470 696468 2012-07-31T15:54:03Z Ham Cork Fest 31243 */ Template category */ fix small error 364349 wikitext text/x-wiki phoiac9h4m842xq45sp7s6u21eteeq1 696471 696469 2026-08-03T07:51:24Z King ChristLike 13051 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Redirect_template]] 364372 wikitext text/x-wiki {{#invoke:Redirect template|main}}<noinclude> {{Documentation}}</noinclude> 1cl28dcwjsrtge5hedu653jwub1cll3 696553 696470 2012-07-31T15:54:03Z Ham Cork Fest 31243 */ Template category */ fix small error 364349 wikitext text/x-wiki phoiac9h4m842xq45sp7s6u21eteeq1 696554 696471 2026-08-03T07:52:47Z King ChristLike 13051 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Redirect_template]] 364372 wikitext text/x-wiki {{#invoke:Redirect template|main}}<noinclude> {{Documentation}}</noinclude> 1cl28dcwjsrtge5hedu653jwub1cll3 696555 696553 2012-07-31T15:54:03Z Ham Cork Fest 31243 */ Template category */ fix small error 364349 wikitext text/x-wiki phoiac9h4m842xq45sp7s6u21eteeq1 696556 696554 2026-08-03T07:53:01Z King ChristLike 13051 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Redirect_template]] 364372 wikitext text/x-wiki {{#invoke:Redirect template|main}}<noinclude> {{Documentation}}</noinclude> 1cl28dcwjsrtge5hedu653jwub1cll3 0 64880 696429 540588 2026-08-02T19:39:31Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 696429 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Julie Schoenung at UCDavis 50th Anniversary Gala.jpg|thumb|Julie Schoenung na UCDavis afọ 50th Emume ncheta Gala]] '''Julie Mae Schoenung''' bụ onye sayensị America bụ onye ọkà mmụta na Mahadum Texas A&amp;amp;M . <ref>{{Cite web|title=Schoenung, Julie M.|url=https://engineering.tamu.edu/materials/profiles/schoenung-julie.html|work=engineering.tamu.edu|accessdate=2 April 2025|language=en}}</ref> Ọ bụbu onye ọkà mmụta na Mahadum California, Irvine. Ọ bụ onye nduzi maka Mahadum California Toxic Substances Research and Teaching Program Lead Campus na Green Materials. Nnyocha ya na-atụle trimodal composites na injinia ahịhịa ndụ. A họpụtara ya dịka Fellow nke The Minerals, Metals &amp;amp; Materials Society na 2021. Schoenung bụbu nwa akwụkwọ na [[Chicago]], ebe ọ gụrụ sayensị ihe na Mahadum Illinois Urbana-Champaign . <ref>{{Cite web|title=Biography|url=https://faculty.engineering.ucdavis.edu/schoenung/biography/|accessdate=2021-08-27|work=Schoenung, Julie|language=en-US}}</ref> Ọ kwagara na Massachusetts Institute of Technology maka ọmụmụ onye gụsịrị akwụkwọ na mahadum, nweta nzere masta n'afọ 1985 na PhD n'afọ 1987. Nnyocha doctoral ya tụlere nyocha akụ na ụba nke ceramics maka injin ụgbọala. Mgbe ọ nwetasịrị nzere doctorate ya, Schonung kwagara [[California]]. Ọ sonyeere Mahadum California Steeti Polytechnic n'afọ 1989. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2021)">citation needed</span>]]''&#x5D;</sup> == Nnyocha na ọrụ == Schonung kwagara Mahadum California, Davis. A họpụtara ya na ngalaba na Mahadum California, Irvine 'afọ 2015. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2021)">citation needed</span>]]''&#x5D;</sup> Ọ nwere mmasị na ihe ndị a na-emepụta na usoro injinia ahịhịa ndụ. Iji mepụta nano-structures na ihe ndị na-arụ ọrụ, Schoenung na-eji cryomilling arụ ọrụ. Cryomilling nwere ike imeziwanye omume oxidation nke ihe mgbochi okpomọkụ yana ịmepụta boron carbide reinforced Aluminium nanocomposites. Usoro injinia ahịhịa ndụ ka echebe gburugburu ebe obibi; ha na-achọ obere ike, na-emepụta obere mmetọ ma na-adịghịkwa ewepụta kemịkal na-egbu egbu. Karịsịa, Schoenung nwere mmasị na nsogbu nke ihe mkpofu eletrọniki na akụrụngwa achọrọ maka imegharị ihe mkpofu e-we.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Kang|first=Hai-Yong|date=2005|title=Electronic waste recycling: A review of U.S. infrastructure and technology options|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2005.06.001|journal=Resources, Conservation and Recycling|volume=45|issue=4|pages=368–400|doi=10.1016/j.resconrec.2005.06.001|issn=0921-3449}}</ref>  Nnyocha ya na-atụle ihe ndị gbara mkpebi gburugburu na nhọrọ ihe, na-elekwasị anya na nkwado.<ref>{{Cite web|title=MSE 690 Spring 2018 Seminar Series Speaker: Professor Julie M. Schoenung|url=https://engineering.purdue.edu/MSE/Seminars/2018/mse-690-spring-2018-seminar-series-speaker-professor-julie-m-schoenung|accessdate=2021-08-27|work=Materials Engineering - Purdue University|language=en}}</ref> Ọ na-ejikọta nyocha nke ndụ na echiche nijwka na akụ na ụba gburugburu ebe obibi. N'afọ 2008, a họpụtara Schoenung na Green Ribbon Science Panel, otu ndị nchọpụta nke Arnold Schwarzenegger họpụtara iji chebe ndị California pụọ na kemịkal na-egbu egbu.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Green Ribbon Science Panel Members|url=https://dtsc.ca.gov/grsp/green-ribbon-science-panel-members/|accessdate=2021-08-27|work=dtsc.ca.gov|archivedate=2021-08-27|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210827202624/https://dtsc.ca.gov/grsp/green-ribbon-science-panel-members/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Why was the Green Ribbon Science Panel Established?|url=https://dtsc.ca.gov/grsp/why-was-the-green-ribbon-science-panel-established/|accessdate=2021-08-27|work=dtsc.ca.gov|archivedate=2021-08-27|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210827202619/https://dtsc.ca.gov/grsp/why-was-the-green-ribbon-science-panel-established/}}</ref> == Onyinye na nsọpụrụ == * 2012 A họpụtara ya dịka onye otu ASM International <ref>{{Cite web|title=ASM Fellows - ASM International|url=https://www.asminternational.org/membership/awards/asm-fellows|accessdate=2021-08-27|work=www.asminternational.org|archivedate=2021-08-31|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210831174856/https://www.asminternational.org/membership/awards/asm-fellows}}</ref> * 2016 ''Acta Materialia, Inc'' Holloman Award for Materials & Society <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://actamaterialia.org/awards/hollomon-materials-and-society|accessdate=2021-08-27|work=actamaterialia.org|title=Acta Materialia Hollomon Materials & Society}}</ref> * 2016 A họpụtara ya dịka Fellow nke Alpha Sigma Mu International Professional Honor Society <ref>{{Cite web|title=IDMI Research Thrust Leader, Professor Julie Schoenung Honored – UCI Manufacturing|url=https://manufacturing.uci.edu/index.php/2016/08/24/idmi-research-thrust-leader-professor-julie-schoenung-honored/|accessdate=2021-08-27|language=en-US|archivedate=2021-08-27|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210827202618/https://manufacturing.uci.edu/index.php/2016/08/24/idmi-research-thrust-leader-professor-julie-schoenung-honored/}}</ref> * 2017 Materials Science & Engineering-A Innovation in Research Award <ref>{{Cite web|title=Materials science awards|url=https://www.materialstoday.com/materials-science-awards/|accessdate=2021-08-27|work=Materials Today|archivedate=2021-08-27|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210827222638/https://www.materialstoday.com/materials-science-awards/}}</ref> * 2018 ASM International Edward DeMille Campbell Memorial Lectureship <ref>{{Cite web|title=ASM International Bestows a Variety of Awards for Materials Science Achievements|url=https://www.prweb.com/releases/asm_international_bestows_a_variety_of_awards_for_materials_science_achievements/prweb15847853.htm|accessdate=2021-08-27|work=PRWeb}}</ref> * 2018 A họpụtara ya dịka Fellow nke American Ceramic Society <ref>{{Cite web|title=Julie M. Schoenung Archives|url=https://ceramics.org/tag/julie-m-schoenung|accessdate=2021-08-27|work=The American Ceramic Society|language=en-US|archivedate=2021-08-27|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210827202617/https://ceramics.org/tag/julie-m-schoenung}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Fellow of the American Ceramic Society schoenung - Google Search|url=https://www.google.com/search?q=Fellow+of+the+American+Ceramic+Society+schoenung#:~:text=Jon-Paul%20Maria,10/27%20%E2%80%BA%20academics|accessdate=2021-08-27|work=www.google.com}}</ref> * 2021 Ihe nrite Minerals, Metals & Materials Society Fellow <ref>{{Cite web|title=Fellow Award|url=https://www.tms.org/portal/Professional_Development/Honors___Awards/Fellow_Award.aspx|accessdate=2021-08-27|work=www.tms.org}}</ref> == Akwụkwọ ndị a họọrọ == * {{Cite journal|author=Kang|first=Hai-Yong|date=2005|title=Electronic waste recycling: A review of U.S. infrastructure and technology options|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2005.06.001|journal=Resources, Conservation and Recycling|volume=45|issue=4|pages=368–400|doi=10.1016/j.resconrec.2005.06.001|issn=0921-3449}} * {{Cite journal|author=Ma|first=Kaka|date=2014|title=Mechanical behavior and strengthening mechanisms in ultrafine grain precipitation-strengthened aluminum alloy|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2013.09.042|journal=Acta Materialia|volume=62|pages=141–155|doi=10.1016/j.actamat.2013.09.042|issn=1359-6454}} * {{Cite journal|author=Scipioni Bertoli|first=Umberto|date=2017|title=On the limitations of Volumetric Energy Density as a design parameter for Selective Laser Melting|journal=Materials & Design|volume=113|pages=331–340|doi=10.1016/j.matdes.2016.10.037|issn=0264-1275}} {{Reflist}}{{Authority control}} [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 13t2ar3wxajkmrrsyk4bf50omkfl95q 0 66687 696415 497553 2026-08-02T14:03:44Z Nachi kim 20090 Fixed reference error 696415 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Fatiha Alabau-Boussouira''' (amụrụ n'afọ 1961) {{R|cv}} bụ onye France na-eme mgbakọ na mwepụ na-ahụ maka njikwa njikwa nke [[Partial differential equation|ọdịiche dị iche iche]]. Ọ nwere njikọ na Laboratoire Jacques-Louis Lions nke [[Sorbonne University|Mahadum Sorbonne]] dị ka onye otu mpụga, prọfesọ na Mahadum Lorraine na ngalaba mgbakọ na mwepụ nke ogige Metz ya, {{R|ljll}} na onye bụbu onye isi oche nke Société de Mathématiques Appliquées et Industrielles, otu French maka mgbakọ na mwepụta. {{R|metz}}{{R|smai}}  == Agụmakwụkwọ na ọrụ == A mụrụ Alabau 27 Ọgọst 1961 na Montmorency, Val-d'Oise. O nwetara diplôme d'études approfondies na nyocha ọnụọgụgụ na 1984 na Mahadum Pierre na Marie Curie, {{R|cv}} ebe ọ gbachitere thesis doctoral ya na 1987 n'okpuru nlekọta nke Roland Glowinski. Mgbe nyocha postdoctoral dị ka onye nlekọta nleta nleta na Mahadum State University nke Arizona, ọ ghọrọ maître de ogbako na Mahadum Bordeaux 1 na 1988, wee nweta ọgwụgwọ ebe ahụ na 1996. Ọ ghọrọ prọfesọ na Louis Pasteur University na 1997, wee kwaga Paul Verlaine University - Metz (nke mechara ghọọ akụkụ nke University of Lorraine) na 1999.{{R|cv}} == Ọrụ na mmata == Alabau bụ onye isi oche nke Société de Mathématiques Appliquées et Industrielles site na 2014 ruo 2017. {{R|cpdeq}} == Ihe odide == <nowiki>.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist- lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</nowiki> ==Ntụaka== <references> <ref name=cpdeq>Editor biography, ''Trends in Control Theory and Partial Differential Equations'', Springer, 2019</ref> <ref name=cv>{{citation|url=https://www.yumpu.com/fr/document/view/48729346/curriculum-vitae-fatiha-alabau-boussouira-publications-de-la-smf|title=Curriculum vitae|publisher=Société Mathématique de France|via=Yumpu|access-date=2022-03-17|language=fr}}</ref> <ref name=ljll>{{citation|url=https://www.ljll.math.upmc.fr/membres/|title=Membres|publisher=Laboratoire Jacques-Louis Lions|access-date=2022-03-17}}</ref> <ref name=metz>{{citation|url=https://mim.univ-lorraine.fr/fr/content/membres|title=Membres|publisher=Department de mathématiques de Metz|access-date=2022-03-17}}</ref> <ref name=smai>{{citation|url=http://smai.emath.fr/spip.php?article2&lang=fr|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160401163958/http://smai.emath.fr/spip.php?article2&lang=fr|archive-date=2016-04-01|url-status=unfit|title=Présentation générale|publisher=Société de Mathématiques Appliquées et Industrielles}}</ref> </references> {{Authority control|state=collapsed}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Alabau, Fatiha}} [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] hvni0bft5vzxb6x1k9yu60k4x3s0kfc 0 73220 696459 596977 2026-08-03T05:56:44Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 696459 wikitext text/x-wiki  {{Databox}}  '''Malcolm David Ross''' FAHA (amụrụ na 3 Mee 1942) bụ ọkachamara n'asụsụ Ọstrelia. Ọ bụ prọfesọ emeritus nke mmụta asụsụ na Mahadum Mba Australia (ANU). Ndị ọkachamara n'asụsụ maara Ross nke ọma maka ọrụ ya na asụsụ Austronesian na Papua, asụsụ akụkọ ihe mere eme, na mmekọrịta asụsụ (karịsịa metatypy ). A họpụtara ya dị ka onye otu nke Australian Academy of the Humanities na 1996. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Fellow Profile: Malcolm Ross|url=https://humanities.org.au/fellows/fellow-profile/?fellow_id=513|accessdate=2024-04-30|work=Australian Academy of the Humanities|language=en-AU|archivedate=2024-04-01|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240401193654/https://humanities.org.au/fellows/fellow-profile/?fellow_id=513}}</ref> == Ọrụ == Ross rụrụ ọrụ dịka Onyeisi nke Goroka Teachers College dị na Papua New Guinea site na 1980 ruo 1982, n'oge ahụ ọ kọrọ na ọ nwere mmasị n'asụsụ obodo, wee malite ịchịkọta data na ha. Na 1986, o nwetara PhD ya n'aka ANU n'okpuru nlekọta nke Stephen Wurm, Bert Voorhoeve na Darrell Tryon . <ref>{{Cite web|title=Search titles|url=https://press.anu.edu.au/publications/authors-editors/malcolm-ross|accessdate=2023-10-05|work=press.anu.edu.au}}</ref> Akwụkwọ edemede ya bụ maka usoro ọmụmụ nke asụsụ Oceanic nke ọdịda anyanwụ Melanesia, ma nwee nhazi mbụ nke Proto Oceanic . <ref>{{Cite book|title=Proto Oceanic and the Austronesian languages of western Melanesia|publisher=Pacific Linguistics|author=Ross, Malcolm|year=1988|location=Canberra|isbn=0858833670|url=https://openresearch-repository.anu.edu.au/bitstream/1885/145428/1/PL-C98.pdf|accessdate=1 August 2022}}</ref> Malcolm Ross webatara echiche nke njikọ, otu asụsụ ndị na-agbanwe site na mgbanwe olu kama site na nkewa dị ka osisi. Ya na Andrew Pawley na Meredith Osmond, Ross enyela aka na Proto-Oceanic Lexicon Project, nke mepụtara ọtụtụ mpịakọta nke okwu Proto-Oceanic e megharịrị emegharị n'ọtụtụ ngalaba nkọwa okwu. <ref>{{Cite web|title=The Oceanic Lexicon Project|url=https://sites.google.com/view/theoceaniclexiconproject/home|accessdate=2023-10-05|work=sites.google.com|language=en-AU}}</ref> Ross ebipụtala akwụkwọ gbasara asụsụ Formosan, asụsụ Papuan na nhazigharị nke usoro ụda na nhazi nke Proto-Austronesian . == Ihe ndetu == <references /> == Njikọ mpụga == * {{Cite web|url=https://researchportalplus.anu.edu.au/en/persons/malcolm-ross|title=Malcolm Ross's page on the ANU website|publisher=[[Australian National University]]}} * [https://www.academia.edu/44530789/Malcolm_Ross_CV Malcolm Ross's Curriculum Vitae] (dated 5 Oct 2020) * [http://academictree.org/linguistics/peopleinfo.php?pid=88577 Malcolm Ross's entry in LinguisTree] [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] n7l4869d83ojxe7ip1fo7s2m9blp0vw 0 73331 696432 672652 2026-08-02T20:00:48Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 696432 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faịlụ:Adelaar С.A.jpg|thumb|258x258px|K. Alexander Adelaar]]   '''Karl Alexander "Sander" Adelaar''' FAHA (amụrụ n'afọ 1953 na The Hague <ref>{{Cite web|title=Adelaar, Sander|publisher=NIAS|url=https://nias.knaw.nl/fellow/adelaar-sander/|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200430150309/https://nias.knaw.nl/fellow/adelaar-sander/|archivedate=2020-04-30|language=en-GB}}</ref> bụ ọkachamara asụsụ nwere mmasị na asụsụ ndị Austronesian nke Borneo, Madagascar, na Taiwan, tinyere asụsụ Malay. Ọ na-emekwa nnyocha gbasara ọdịnala ọnụ na nke akwụkwọ nke Indonesia.) <ref>{{Cite web|title=A/Prof Sander Adelaar|publisher=University of Melbourne|url=https://findanexpert.unimelb.edu.au/profile/182-sander-adelaar|accessdate=2020-04-30|language=en}}</ref> Adelaar nọ na Mahadum Palacky (Olomouc, Czech Republic) ugbu a ma soro Mahadum Melbourne rụkọọ ọrụ. Ọ bụ onye nchịkọta akụkọ ugbu a nke Pacific Linguistics.<ref>[https://pacling.anu.edu.au/editorial-board/ Editorial board], Pacific Linguistics</ref> na onye nchịkọta akụkọ Oceanic Linguistics. Ọ bụ onye otu Australian Academy of the Humanities kemgbe afọ 2008. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Fellow Profile: Alexander Adelaar|url=https://humanities.org.au/fellows/fellow-profile/?fellow_id=63|accessdate=2024-06-07|work=Australian Academy of the Humanities|language=en-AU|archivedate=2024-06-07|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240607055549/https://humanities.org.au/fellows/fellow-profile/?fellow_id=63}}</ref> == Mmụta == Adelaar bụ onye gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Indonesian Studies na Mahadum Leiden . N'afọ 1977, ọ gbachitere thesis ya nke MA, na 1985 ọ nwetara nzere doctorate na asụsụ Austronesian.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Fellows|publisher=Australian Academy of the Humanities|url=https://www.humanities.org.au/fellows/fellows/?find_contact_id=2826|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200430151650/https://www.humanities.org.au/fellows/fellows/?find_contact_id=2826|archivedate=2020-04-30|language=en-AU}}</ref> == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] nx8tx2fecvqnoa01fzr7zf30cdikfjs 0 73430 696456 597321 2026-08-03T04:42:33Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 3 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 696456 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faịlụ:Léopold_Genicot_300dpi.jpg|thumb|Foto nke Léopold Genicot]] '''Léopold Genicot''' (Forville, Namur, 18 Machị 1914 - Ottignies, Louvain-la-Neuve, 11 Mee 1995) bụ onye [[Belgium]] na-akọ akụkọ ihe mere eme na onye na-akwadosi Walloon Movement ike. O guzobere ebe ọmụmụ akụkọ ihe mere eme nke imeobodo na ọtụtụ usoro nduzi gbasara ebe nnweta nke akụkọ ihe mere eme nke oge ochie nwere mmetụta. == Ndụ == A mụrụ Léopold Genicot na [[Forville]], [[Belgium]], n'afọ 1914. Mgbe ọ nwetasịrị nzere BA ya na akụ na ụba ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye na-edebe ihe ochie na ngalaba Namur nke Royal Archives site na 1935 ruo 1944. N'oge ahụ, ọ nwetara nzere ọkankuzi ya n'isi ọmụmụ akụkọ ihe mere eme na 1937. Ọrụ ya ndị nọ n'ebe ndebe ihe ochie nyekwaara ya ohere izo ndị mkpọrọ gbapụrụ agbapụ n'oge [[World War II|Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ]]. N'afọ 1935, e nyere ya ọkwa dị ka prọfesọ na Mahadum Katọlik nke Leuven, ọ natara ọrụ n'ebe ahụ n'afọ 1947. Ọ kụziri diplomatic (mmekọrịta mba na mba) methodology (usoro), Akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Belgium na medieval History. Na nnyocha ya, o nwere mmasị karịsịa na akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Wallonia. A maara ntinye ya na akụkọ ihe mere eme nke oge ochie nke ọma, a na-ejikwa akwụkwọ ya na edemede ya n'isiokwu dị iche iche eme ihe taa n'ọtụtụ klas medieval history. N'afọ 1963, n'ịbụ onye kwenyesiri ike na uru agụmakwụkwọ nke inwe mmekọrịta nke otu isi ọmụmụ na ibe ya bara, o guzobere Centre for Rural History (Centre d'Histoire Rurale) ma mesịa bụrụ Centre for Historical Ecology (Centre de l'écologie historique), na-akpọ ndị ọkọ akụkọ ihe mere eme ka ha na ndị na-ahụ maka ọdịdị ala, ndị na-amụ maka ọnwa, anwụ na kpakpando, na ndị ọkachamara ndị ọzọ na Sayensị ihe ndị dị n'ụwa na Institut Interfacultaire d'Études Médiévales (nke a maara nke ọma dị ka Institut d'Étude Médiévaux) e mepere ọhụrụ. N'afọ 1972, o kpebiri ịmalite ibipụta usoro obere akwụkwọ n'okpuru aha Typologie des sources du Moyen Âge occidental ("typology of sources for the Western Middle Ages"), na-echepụta atụmatụ nchịkọta akụkọ ya ma na-ede mpịakọta mmalite n'otu afọ ahụ. Nchịkọta a niile enwetala nnukwu ùgwù agụmakwụkwọ ma Brepols nọgidere na-ebipụta ya. Nchịkọta a ka-emeburu ka ọ bụrụ ndị ọkà mmụta nke oge ochie na-eji ya eme ihe site na ụmụ akwụkwọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ ruo na ndị prọfesọ, ma ọ ghọwo otu n'ime nchịkọta kachasị mma nke enyemaka mmalite na nke agumakwụkwọ enyerela ndị ọkà mmụta agụmakwụkwọ nke ndị ọkà mmụta akụkọ ihe mere eme. Site n'ibipụta aha atọ ruo anọ n'afọ, usoro ahụ ejirila nwayọọ nwayọọ na-etolite ruo mpịakọta iri asaa na asatọ, na-arụtụ aka n'ihe niile dị na ọmụmụ na ọdịbendị oge ochie, site na akwụkwọ necrological ruo na akwụkwọ Latin banyere omume ọma na omume ọjọọ, site na [[Akụkọ banyere mbara igwe|nkà mmụta mbara igwe]] ruo n'ogwe aka, site na ngwa agha ruo na ngwa ike ndị ọzọ kwa ụbọchị.<ref>{{Cite journal|url=http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/technology_and_culture/v041/41.1devries.html|doi=10.1353/tech.2000.0009|title=L'Outil (Review)|year=2000|author=Devries|first=Kelly|journal=Technology and Culture|volume=41|pages=132–134}}</ref> === Mgbalị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị === Genicot bụ onye Katọlik na onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na-akwado Walloon Movement onye bụbu onye òtù Rénovation wallone na onye na-azọ ọkwa Rassemblement Wallon na ntuli aka Europe. Dị ka onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, na 1995, na-erule oge ọnwụ ya, echiche ịhụ mba n'anya ya ejirila nwayọọ nwayọọ na-aghọwanye nke mpaghara, na-akwado ma ọbụghị Wallonia nweere onwe ya ọ bụrụ njikọta ya na France. == Ihe Nrite, Nkwanye ùgwù na Nsọpụrụ == N'afọ 1964, ọ natara "Guaillarde d'Argent".<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ville.namur.be/pericles/evenemen/wallonie01/08-2.htm|title=Les Wallonie en Culture, Folklore et Tradition - Tradition|accessdate=2006-07-29|archivedate=2004-12-20|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20041220184136/http://www.ville.namur.be/pericles/evenemen/wallonie01/08-2.htm}}</ref> N'afọ 1976, a họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ onye nnọchi anya nke Medieval Academy of America, na 1982 ọ natara nzere nsọpụrụ site na Mahadum Katọlik nke Lublin . <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.kul.lublin.pl/art_158.html|title=Honorary Doctorates}}</ref> N'afọ 1988, alaka Belgium na Luxembourg nke "Richelieu International" nyere ya ihe nrite "Personnalité Richelieu". <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.dmnet.be/richelieu/main/fr/pgstfr/persofr.html|title=Richelieu Régions Belgique-Luxembourg: PERSONNALITE|accessdate=2006-07-29|archivedate=2007-03-10|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070310191931/http://www.dmnet.be/richelieu/main/fr/pgstfr/persofr.html}}</ref> Ọ bụ nna nke onye ọkọ akụkọ ihe mere eme na-esekwa ụkpụrụ ụlọ bụ Luc-Francis Genicot (1938-2007), na nnukwu nwanne nna Garance Genicot na Frédérique Genicot. == Akwụkwọ ndị O bipụtara == Lee [https://web.archive.org/web/20060904134710/http://library.stanford.edu/depts/ssrg/medieval/typ.html], [http://www.fas.harvard.edu/~history/facdata/examreading/Medieval_History_3010.pdf], [https://web.archive.org/web/20060103082042/http://www.fltr.ucl.ac.be/FLTR/ARKE/CHAB/Accueil.html]. ; Akwụkwọ Mongraf Nke a bụ ndepụta nke mongraf ụfọdụ Genicot bipụtara. * ''[https://web.archive.org/web/20250410040133/https://opac.kbr.be/Library/doc/SYRACUSE/18285216/histoire-des-routes-belges-depuis-1704 Akụkọ ihe mere eme nke okporo ụzọ Belgium kemgbe 1704]'', Brussels: Office de publicité, 1948. 43 peeji.&nbsp; * Ụkpụrụ nke Nnyocha Akụkọ Ihe Mere Eme. Mbipụta nke ise. Louvain: Mahadum Katọlik nke Louvain, -1954. 54 peeji.&nbsp; * [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Casterman, 1951 (Ntụgharị Bekee mbụ: Contours of the Middle Ages London: Routledge & Keegan Paul, 1967). 394 peeji. &nbsp;  * [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Paris: Puf (Presses Universitaires de France), 1968, 409 pags. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/2-13-038342-4|<bdi>2-13-038342-4</bdi>]]&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; * ''[https://bib.uclouvain.be/opac/ucl/fr/chamo/chamo%3A89462?i=1 Akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Wallonia]''. [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Akụkọ ihe mere eme nke mpaghara - Ụwa nke France na mba ndị na-asụ French. [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] 502 peeji. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/2-7089-1627-0|<bdi>2-7089-1627-0</bdi>]]&nbsp; &nbsp; * ''[https://bib.uclouvain.be/opac/ucl/fr/chamo/chamo%3A218247?i=0 Nnyocha Akụkọ Ihe Mere Eme]''. [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] 75 peeji. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/978-2-870771075|<bdi>978-2-870771075</bdi>]]&nbsp; &nbsp; * Ndị a ma ama n'Ebe Ọdịda Anyanwụ Ụwa nke oge ochie. [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Variorum chịkọtara usoro ọmụmụ, No. 163. [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] 356 peeji. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/0860781119|<bdi>0860781119</bdi>]]&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; * La Wallonie: a past for a future, coll. [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji]&nbsp;&nbsp; * Mgbọrọgwụ nke olile anya Iri Abụọ narị afọ na Wallonia site na ederede, ihe oyiyi na map, Brussels: Didier Hatier, 1986. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/2-87088-581-4|<bdi>2-87088-581-4</bdi>]] &nbsp; * Nnyocha akụkọ ihe mere eme (2nd ed.) coll. Nkwụsị. [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/2-87209-004-5|<bdi>2-87209-004-5</bdi>]] &nbsp; * Obodo ime obodo na Medieval West, Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1990. 185 peeji. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/0801838703|<bdi>0801838703</bdi>]]&nbsp; &nbsp; * ''[https://web.archive.org/web/20250410035955/https://opac.kbr.be/Library/doc/SYRACUSE/16186504/calme-hesbaye-mon-village-en-namurois-1920-1930-leopold-genicot Calme Hesbaye, Obodo m na Namurois, 1920-1930]''. Brussels: Didier Hatier, 1992. 184 peeji. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/2-87088774-4|<bdi>2-87088774-4</bdi>]]&nbsp; &nbsp; ; Isiokwu Gasị Nke a bụ ndepụta nke akwụkwọ ụfọdụ Genicot bipụtara. * "''Discordiae concordantium'': On the interest of the hagiographical texts", ''Royal Academy of Belgium: Bulletin de la Classe des Lettres et des Sciences Morales et Politiques'', 5ème ser. [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] 51 (1965), peeji nke 65-75.&nbsp;&nbsp; * "Crisis: From the Middle Ages to Modern Times" na The Cambridge Economic History of Europe from the Decline of the Roman Empire, vol. I (2nd ed.) Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1966), ch. 8, peeji nke 660-742. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/0-521045053|<bdi>0-521045053</bdi>]] :&nbsp; &nbsp;  * "Ọmụmụ, ọrụ na akụ na ụba na iwu nke ọha mmadụ nke oge ochie. Ihe gbasara ndị isi nke Northwest Continent" na Problèmes de stratification sociale. ''Ihe omume nke Nzukọ Mba Nile nke Paris, 1966''. Louvain: Centre Belge d'histoire rurale, No. 14, 1968. peeji nke 83-100.&nbsp;&nbsp; * "L'informatique au service de l'histoire des institutions et de la société" na La Lexicographie du latin médiéval et ses rapports à les recherches actuels sur la civilisation du Moyen Âge (colloque international du Centre national de la recherche scientifique, Paris, 18-21 October 1978). [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Nzukọ mba ụwa nke CNRS, N° 581. Paris: CNRS, 1981.   * "Obodo na ime obodo na Netherlands nke oge ochie" na ''Acta historica na archaeologica mediaevalia'', No. 7-8, 1986, peeji nke 163-192. [[ISSN (identifier)|ISSN]] [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0212-2960 0212-2960]&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; * "Un Equilibrage dans l'histoire médiévale: L'étude du monde rural" na Révue d'histoire ecclesiastique vol. 81, Nke 3-4 (1986) peeji nke 501-527. [[ISSN (identifier)|ISSN]] [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0035-2381 0035-2381]&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; * "The Nobility in Medieval Francia: Continuity, Break or Evolution?" na Fredric L. Cheyette (ed.) Lordship and Community in Medieva Europe - Selected Readings. New York: Holt, Rinehart, and Winston, 1968, peeji nke 128-136. (1st. ed., 435 p.) [Lee Ch. 4, XII] &nbsp;  ; Mbipụta Dị Iche Iche Nke a bụ ndepụta nke akwụkwọ ndị Genicot so na ndị Nchịkọta akụkọ ha * Léopold Genicot na Paul Tombeur, ''[https://web.archive.org/web/20250410042130/https://opac.kbr.be/Library/doc/SYRACUSE/15278902/index-scriptorum-operumque-latino-belgicorum-medii-aevi Index Scriptorum Operumque Latino-Belgicorum medii Aevi.]'' New repertoire des œuvres mediolatines belges, 5 mpịakọta (Bruxelles: Academie royale de Belgique. * Léopold Genicot, La Typologie des sources du moyen âge occidental, general editor (Turnhout, Belgium: Brepols, 1972-).<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.brepols.net/Pages/BrowseBySeries.aspx?TreeSeries=TYP|title=Typologie des Sources du Moyen Âge Occidental (TYP)}}</ref> == Ebemsidee == {{Reflist}} == Ịgụrụ Gawa == * Paul Delforge, "Léopold Genicot" na Encyclopédie du Mouvement Wallon. [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] 2, peeji nke 708-709. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/2-87035-019-8|<bdi>2-87035-019-8</bdi>]]&nbsp; &nbsp; {{Authority control}} 4othwi1sfhm3s6g5xvdbggz9qsggs3r 0 73749 696453 623740 2026-08-03T04:09:28Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 696453 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Lucy Ware Hayes''' (née '''Webb'''; August 28, 1831 - June 25, 1889) bụ nwunye Onye isi ala [[:en:Rutherford_B._Hayes|Rutherford B. Hayes]] ma jee ozi dị ka nwanyị mbụ nke iri na itoolu nke United States site na 1877 ruo 1881. == Mbido ndụ ya na agụmakwụkwọ ya== A mụrụ Lucy Webb na Ọgọst 28, 1831, na [[Ohio]]. O nwere ụmụnne nwoke abụọ tọrọ ndị ha abụọ ghọrọ ndị dọkịta.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|url=http://www.rbhayes.org/hayes/lucy-webb-hayes/|title=Lucy Webb Hayes|website=Rutherford B. Hayes Presidential Library & Museums|access-date=2016-12-01}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title=A Genealogy of the Wives of the American Presidents and Their First Two Generations of Descent |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TOae78XVP0kC&dq=Lucy+Webb+Hayes++Giles+Webb+ancestry&pg=PA125 |page=126 |publisher=McFarland, Incorporated, Publishers |date=November 2014}} </ref> N'afọ 1833, nna Lucy gara n'ụlọ ezi-na-ụlọ ya na [[:en:Lexington|Lexington]], [[Kentucky]], ịtọhapụ ụfọdụ ndị ohu o ketara n'aka nwanne nne ya. Enwere ọrịa ọgbụgbọ na-efe efe na-eme n'oge ahụ ma na-elekọta ndị ọrịa. N’oge na-adịghị anya, ọ rịara ọgbụgbọ ọgbụgbọ wee nwụọ.<ref name=":3"/><ref name=":4">{{Cite news|url=https://bidenwhitehouse.archives.gov/about-the-white-house/first-families/lucy-ware-webb-hayes/|title=Lucy Ware Webb Hayes|date=2015-01-02|newspaper=[[White House]]|access-date=2016-12-01}}</ref> Lucy debara aha {{ill|Ohio Wesleyan College|en}} n'agbanyeghị na anabataghị ụmụ nwanyị ịga mahadum n'oge ahụ. Ọtụtụ ọnwa ka e mesịrị Lucy gafere na Cincinnati Wesleyan Female College wee gụchaa ebe ahụ na 1850. Lucy gụrụ akwụkwọ nke ọma maka otu nwa agbọghọ nke oge ya.<ref name=":4"/> ==Alụmdi ya== Lucy zutere Rutherford B. Hayes na Mahadum Wesleyan Ohio. N’oge ahụ, Lucy dị afọ iri na anọ ma Rutherford dị afọ iri abụọ na atọ.<ref name=":5">{{Cite web|url=http://www.ohiohistorycentral.org/w/Lucy_W._Webb|title=Lucy W. Webb - Ohio History Central|website=www.ohiohistorycentral.org|access-date=2016-12-01|accessdate=2026-03-19|archivedate=2021-10-26|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211026101714/https://ohiohistorycentral.org/w/Lucy_W._Webb}}</ref> Na 1851 mgbe Lucy dị afọ 19, ọ jikọtara ya na Hayes ọzọ. Ha lụrụ nwaanyị n’afọ 1852. Ha mụrụ ụmụ asatọ.<ref name=":1"/> Mgbe akụkọ banyere [[American Civil War]] malitere, Lucy kwadoro agha ahụ. Ọ chere na ọ bụrụ na ya na ndị agha ndị inyom nọrọ na {{ill|Fort Sumter|en}}, ọ gaghị enwe ike inyefe onwe ya. Ịnụ ọkụ n'obi ya gbara Rutherford ume ịbanye n'òtù ndị agha. N'oge agha ahụ, Rutherford merụrụ ahụ. ==Ntinye aka na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ya na Nwunye First Lady== Mgbe Rutherford na-eje ozi na Congress, Lucy sonyeere ya na [[Washington, D.C.|Washington]] maka oge mmekọrịta oyi na mgbe Rutherford ghọrọ Gọvanọ Ohio, Lucy na-esokarị di ya na nleta ụlọ mkpọrọ, ụlọ ọrụ mgbazi maka ụmụ nwoke na ụmụ agbọghọ, ụlọ ọgwụ maka ndị isi mgbaka, na ụlọ maka ndị ntị chiri na ndị ogbi.<ref name=":2">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KqeXCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA155|title=America's First Ladies: A Historical Encyclopedia and Primary Document Collection of the Remarkable Women of the White House: A Historical Encyclopedia and Primary Document Collection of the Remarkable Women of the White House|last=Hendricks|first=Nancy|date=2015-10-13|publisher=ABC-CLIO|isbn=9781610698832|language=en}}</ref> Ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị mkpa n'ọchịchị di ya wee kpọnye ndị omebe iwu steeti ka ha nyekwuo ego n'ụlọ akwụkwọ, ụlọ ụmụ mgbei, na ebe mgbaba ndị ara.<ref name=":6">{{Cite web|url=http://millercenter.org/president/essays/hayes-1877-firstlady|title=Lucy Hayes—Miller Center|website=millercenter.org|access-date=2016-12-01|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161202034506/http://millercenter.org/president/essays/hayes-1877-firstlady|archive-date=2016-12-02|accessdate=2026-03-18|archivedate=2016-12-02|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161202034506/http://millercenter.org/president/essays/hayes-1877-firstlady}}</ref> ==Nwanyị mbụ nke United States== Mgbe di ya bụ Rutherford meriri ntuli aka onye isi ala na March 1, 1877, Lucy so ya kwaga {{ill|White House|en}}. Ka ọ na-erule n'oge nraranye Rutherford, ọkwá First Lady bụ nke a ma ama na-arịwanye elu. Enwere ọnụ ọgụgụ ụmụ nwanyị nta akụkọ na-arị elu na njedebe narị afọ nke iri na itoolu na ndị wepụtara oge ha na nwanyị mbụ.<ref name=":6"/> Lucy bụ First Lady mbụ nwetara akara ugo mmụta mahadum ma na-emegide mmanya na-aba n'anya n'ihi na ọ dịghị mgbe ọ na-eje ozi na White House, mmegharị nke nwere nnukwu esemokwu. Ọ kwadokwara [[ndị Afụrịka ǹkè Amerịka]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=http://www.rbhayes.org/hayes/lucy-webb-hayes-and-her-influence-upon-her-era/|title=Lucy Webb Hayes and Her Influence Upon Her Era - Rutherford B. Hayes Presidential Library & Museums|website=Rutherford B. Hayes Presidential Library & Museums|access-date=2016-12-01}}</ref> ==Ọnwụ ya== Mgbe onye isi ala di ya gasịrị, Lucy nọrọ afọ asatọ ikpeazụ ya na Spiegel Grove. Ụbọchị ole na ole ka ọ rịasịrị ọrịa strok, ọ nwụrụ, mgbe ọ dị afọ 57, na June 25, 1889. A tụrụ ọkọlọtọ n'ofe mba ahụ na ọkara mast iji sọpụrụ ya.<ref name=":1">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rxHKAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA144|title=American First Ladies: Their Lives and Their Legacy|last=Gould|first=Lewis L.|date=2014-02-04|publisher=Routledge|isbn=9781135311483|language=en}}</ref> Rutherford nwụrụ mgbe afọ atọ na ọkara gachara, e liekwa ya n'akụkụ nwunye ya. ==Ntụaka== {{Reflist}} eo0k9b9c1cgvlth0dvfwntcfve5ico8 0 74987 696457 673615 2026-08-03T05:13:59Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 696457 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faịlụ:Maha Jouini.jpg|thumb|267x267px|Maha Jouini]]   '''Maha Jouini''' (amụrụ n'afọ 1987 <ref>{{Cite news|date=2013-09-24|title=La plume de Maha Jouini, trempée dans la vie des Tunisiennes et des Berbères|url=https://information.tv5monde.com/terriennes/la-plume-de-maha-jouini-trempee-dans-la-vie-des-tunisiennes-et-des-berberes-2657|accessdate=2026-03-24|work=TV5MONDE - Informations|language=fr}}</ref>) bụ onye edemede Tunisian na onye na-ede blọgụ, onye na-agbachitere ikike mmadụ, na ọkachamara Artificial Intelligence nke bi na China. == Mmalite na agụmakwụkwọ == O nwere nzere masta na Artificial Intelligence na New Technologies na Tianjin University of Education and Technology (China).<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1 /><ref name=":3" /> Ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ na Mahadum Witwatersrand, na-elekwasị anya n'ọchịchị ụlọ ọrụ dị n'Afrịka, ọkachasị n'ime Kọmishọna Njikọ Mba Ndị Dị n'Otu nke Afrịka. <ref name=":0" /> <ref name=":2" /><ref>{{Cite web|author=Moatshe|first=Rapula|date=1988-07-13|title=Tshwane and University of Johannesburg launch programme for young building inspectors|url=https://iol.co.za/news/2025-06-22-tshwane-and-university-of-johannesburg-launch-programme-for-young-building-inspectors/|accessdate=2026-03-22|work=IOL|language=en}}</ref> == Ọrụ == Ọ bụ onye nchọpụta na Artificial Intelligence na nka na Mahadum Sayensị na Teknụzụ nke Tianjin ebe o nyere aka na mmekọrịta Sino-Africa. <ref name=":5">{{Cite web|date=2021-10-06|title=Maha Jouini {{!}} The Short Story Project|url=https://shortstoryproject.com/writers/maha-jouini/|accessdate=2026-03-22|language=en-US}}</ref> Ọ rụrụ ọrụ na mkpọsa nke African Union iji kwụsị alụmdi na nwunye ụmụaka n'Africa dịka onye nhazi mgbasa ozi ebe ọ nọ na Ethiopia site na ngwụcha afọ 2014 ruo 2017.<ref name=":5" /> N'oge ahụ, ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye ọrụ Digital Communication na African Union Development Agency (AUDA-NEPAD). <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=maha jouini – JouiniTech Policy Expert|url=https://mahajouini.tech/|accessdate=2026-03-22|language=en-US|archivedate=2026-05-17|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20260517041335/https://mahajouini.tech/}}</ref> Ọ bụkwa onye otu African Union's AI Task Force na ebumnuche ịkwalite atụmatụ African Union maka iji ọgụgụ isi eme ihe n'ụzọ ziri ezi n'Africa.<ref name=":0" /> Ọ bụ osote onye isi oche nke African & Francophone Agency for AI na onye bụbu onye nchọpụta na AI Global Index.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Nkhwashu|first=Nkhensani|date=2025-04-17|title=ITWeb TV: Building an AI-powered Africa, by Africans for Africans|url=https://www.itweb.co.za/article/itweb-tv-building-an-ai-powered-africa-by-africans-for-africans/PmxVEMKEm16vQY85|accessdate=2026-03-22|work=ITWeb|language=en-ZA}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=AFRIA President Maha Jouini on AI ethics, digital sovereignty, and Africa’s technological future|url=https://www.glamour.co.za/lifestyle/afria-president-maha-jouini-on-ai-ethics-digital-sovereignty-and-africas-technological-future-58caab23-12f5-47d3-84af-3cc21fb6faa8|accessdate=2026-03-22|work=www.glamour.co.za|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=Reporter|first=Staff|date=2025-05-23|title=Sentech Africa Tech Week 2025: Pioneering Africa's Digital Transformation|url=https://capetimes.co.za/news/2025-05-23-sentech-africa-tech-week-2025-pioneering-africas-digital-transformation/|accessdate=2026-03-22|work=Cape Times|language=en}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite web|date=2025-05-31|title=Maha Jouini : Responsible AI is essential for Africa’s sustainable future - Conglomerate Magazine|url=https://conglomeratemagazine.com/responsible-ai-is-essential-for-africas-sustainable-future/|accessdate=2026-03-22|language=en-US}}</ref><ref name=":3">{{Cite web|title=ORADA Conference {{!}} Empower. Innovate. Connect.|url=https://www.oradaconference.com/maha-jouini|accessdate=2026-03-22|work=ORADA|language=en|archivedate=2026-03-06|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20260306051416/https://www.oradaconference.com/maha-jouini}}</ref> A kpọrọ ya onye nke afọ na 2018 site na ikpo okwu Maghreb Voices n'ihi ọrụ ya dị mkpa dị ka onye na-emetụta mgbasa ozi mmekọrịta.<ref name=":5" /> A maara ya nke ọma na mpaghara Arab dị ka onye na-agbachitere ihe ndị ruuru mmadụ nke mere ka ọ nata nsọpụrụ na itinye aka na nzukọ mba ụwa gbasara nsogbu ụmụ nwanyị na ụmụ amaala.<ref name=":5" /> Ọ bụ onye nyocha na Global Center on AI Governance . <ref>{{Cite web|title=Maha Jouini - Research Fellow - GCG|url=https://www.globalcenter.ai/about/maha-jouini|accessdate=2026-03-22|work=www.globalcenter.ai|language=en}}</ref> Ọ bụ onye guzobere African Center for Artificial Intelligence and Digital Technology . <ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=Maha Jouini's Speaker Profile|url=https://sessionize.com/meha-jouini/|accessdate=2026-03-22|work=sessionize.com|language=en}}</ref> Ọ rụkwara ọrụ dị ka onye nhazi mpaghara Afrịka na Global responsible AI hackathon 2023 nke Woman in AI Ethics Initiative malitere.<ref name=":1" /> Ọ bụ onye African School on Internet Governance (AfriSIG) nke afọ 2015.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Meha Jouini at AfriSIG 2015: The internet has allowed me to publicly express my identity as an Amazing woman activist {{!}} African School on Internet Governance|url=https://afrisig.org/2015/10/05/meha-joueni-at-afrisig-2015-the-internet-has-allowed-me-to-publicly-express-my-identity-as-an-amazigh-woman-activist/|accessdate=2026-03-22|work=afrisig.org}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Right To Information {{!}} African Declaration on Internet Rights and Freedoms|url=https://africaninternetrights.org/en/principles/right-information?page=5|accessdate=2026-03-22|work=africaninternetrights.org}}</ref> == Onyinye na nsọpụrụ == * Top 20 Women Change makers pioneers na MENA site na UNESCO na The Asfari Institute for Civil Society and Citizenship na AUB na 2022. <ref name=":1"/><ref name=":2"/> * A na-akpọ ya "Onye nke Afọ" site na Maghreb Voices na 2018. <ref name=":3"/> == Akwụkwọ ndị e bipụtara == * AI na Data Policy na Africa: Ọkpụkpọ maka Sovereign Innovation <ref>{{Cite web|date=2025-06-19|title=AI and Data Policy in Africa: A Call for Sovereign Innovation - iAfrica.com|url=https://iafrica.com/ai-and-data-policy-in-africa-a-call-for-sovereign-innovation/|accessdate=2026-03-22|language=en-ZA}}</ref> * Ihe omuma-Amara Africa-Led Designing of Responsible Artificial Intelligence Technologies. * https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/13552074.2022.2136432 * [https://www.genderit.org/tags/internet-governance?page=2 Meha Jouini: Ịntanetị enyerela m aka ikwupụta njirimara m n'ihu ọha dị ka nwanyị Amazigh na-eme ihe ike] == Hụkwa == * Nchịkwa nke ọgụgụ isi aka * Anja Kaspersen * Wendell Wallach * Kiara Nirghin == Edemsibia == <references /> == Njikọ mpụga == * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ea0P9UTL_tw AI Ethics and Citizen Participation in Africa site na Ms. Maha JOUINI] * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=St8Zve5DSWc AI Ethics and Hate Speech site na Maha Jouini (AI Ethics: Global Perspectives)] * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LxkZd6NEKoQ Maha Jouini na-emeghe ụzọ AI na Digital Tech maka ụmụ nwanyị Africa] * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Hcy-C0-qdzg #83 Tunisia Culture, AI maka udo na mmepe mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya, na Maha Jouini] * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xzIxoEA36-Q Iji AI eme ihe iji nweta nkwado gburugburu ebe obibi na North Africa (AI Ethics: Global Perspectives)] * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MiCzdrLB3AQ ICCIA Ajụjụ ọnụ na Ms. Maha Jouini] [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 2mg2jvuorh8ll6i0wnzpai7jv51k4zc 0 75199 696450 631842 2026-08-03T03:39:13Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 696450 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Louisa Entwistle''' (onye amụrụ n'oge afọ 1887) bụ onye mba England suffragette. == Akụkọ ndụ == Onye a mụrụ Entwistle n’oge afọ 1887 na obodo Blackburn, Lancashire, England. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ dịka onye ọrụ ụlọ ọrụ na ihe igwe ihe.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Miss Louisa Entwistle|url=https://www.suffrageresources.org.uk/database/1824/miss-louisa-entwistle|accessdate=2026-03-19|work=Database - Women's Suffrage Resources}}</ref> Mgbe ọ dị oge afọ iri abụọ, Entwistle gara [[London]] maka ngagharị iwe n'èzí ụlọ omebe iwu nke Women's Social and Political Union (WSPU) haziri. Ọ nọ n'etiti otu ndị na-eme ngagharị iwe iri isii maka ikike nke ụmụ nwanyị na-eme ntụli aka bụ ndị wakporo House of Commons ma jide ha.<ref>{{Cite web|title=SUFFRAGETTES: Amnesty of August 1914: index of people arrested, 1906-1914|url=https://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/r/C4769024|accessdate=2026-03-19|work=National Archives}}</ref> E kpere Entwistle ikpe n’ụbọchi 14 nke ọnwa Febụwarị n’oge afọ 1907 na Ụlọikpe Ndị Uwe Ojii Westminster na London. <ref name=":0" /> The Lancashire Evening Post kọrọ na n'oge ikpe ya Entwistle gwara onye majie na ọ bụ: <ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1">{{Cite web|date=2020-03-09|title=Suffragettes honoured in street names|url=https://theshuttle.org.uk/suffragettes-honoured-in-street-names/|accessdate=2026-03-19|work=The Shuttle: Blackburn with Darwen Council News|language=en-GB}}</ref>   A tụrụ Entwistle mkpọrọ otu izu na HM Holloway Prison.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|author=Cowman|first=Krista|date=2018-02-06|title=Let’s not forget the working class suffragettes|url=https://www.newstatesman.com/politics/2018/02/suffragettes-women-100-years-working-class|accessdate=2026-03-19|work=[[New Statesman]]|language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFCowman2018">Cowman, Krista (6 February 2018). [https://www.newstatesman.com/politics/2018/02/suffragettes-women-100-years-working-class "Let's not forget the working class suffragettes"]. ''[[New Statesman]]''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 March</span> 2026</span>.</cite></ref> Mgbe ọ laghachiri n'ụlọ ya, ndi ''Blackburn Weekly Telegraph'' gbara ya ajụjụ ọnụ banyere omume ya.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Women's Suffrage|url=https://www.cottontown.org/Politics/Pages/Women%27s-Suffrage.aspx|accessdate=2026-03-19|work=Cotton Town|archivedate=2026-05-15|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20260515042841/https://www.cottontown.org/Politics/Pages/Women%27s-Suffrage.aspx}}</ref> N'oge afọ 2018, e mepụtara ihe osise nke gosipụtara Entwistle na ihe ncheta dị n'ihu Blackburn Museum na Art Gallery maka Ụbọchị Ụmụ nwanyị Mba Nile.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2018-03-08|title=Artwork to celebrate International Women’s Day|url=https://theshuttle.org.uk/artwork-to-celebrate-international-womens-day/|accessdate=2026-03-19|work=The Shuttle: Blackburn with Darwen Council News|language=en-GB}}</ref> N'oge afọ 2020, a gụrụ otu okporo ámá dị n'otu ụlọ na Blackburn aha iji were sọpụrụ Entwistle.<ref name=":1" /><ref>{{Cite news|date=2020-03-08|title=Streets on Blackburn housing estate to be named after suffragettes|url=https://www.lancashiretelegraph.co.uk/news/18289784.streets-blackburn-housing-estate-named-suffragettes/|accessdate=2026-03-19|work=Lancashire Telegraph|language=en-GB}}</ref> == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} gc5k8s8mwmo5082ljgmw0ifh1vbvzty 0 75706 696448 637628 2026-08-03T02:47:15Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 696448 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Div col/styles.css" />{{Reflist|2|}}<templatestyles src="Module:Message box/ambox.css"></templatestyles><templatestyles src="Div col/styles.css" /> <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />Lipstick femism (nke a makwaara dị ka girlie femism ma ọ bụ girly femism) <ref name=":1">{{Cite journal|author=Gilley|first=Jennifer|title=Writings of the Third Wave: Young Feminists in Conversation|journal=Reference & User Services Quarterly|date=2005|volume=44|issue=3|pages=187–198|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/20864361|issn=1094-9054}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|author=Foss|first=Karen A.|title=Feminism in Practice: Communication Strategies for Making Change|date=2022|publisher=Waveland Press|location=Long Grove, IL|isbn=978-1-4786-4758-4}}</ref> bụ ụdị dị iche iche nke femism nke na-anabata ịdị n'otu nke echiche ndị a na-ahụkarị banyere '''ịbụ nwanyị''' na ike mmekọahụ '''ụmụ nwanyị'''. Ọ pụtara site na nke atọ nke ụmụ nwanyị dị ka nzaghachi nye òtù ụmụ nwanyị gara aga nke na-emeso ụmụ nwanyị na ụmụ nwanyị dị iche iche.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|author=Betty Luther Hillman|date=2013|title="The Clothes I Wear Help Me to Know My Own Power": The Politics of Gender Presentation in the Era of Women's Liberation|url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.5250/fronjwomestud.34.2.0155|journal=Frontiers: A Journal of Women Studies|volume=34|issue=2|pages=155|doi=10.5250/fronjwomestud.34.2.0155}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|author=Gurrieri|first=Lauren|title=The feminist politics of choice: lipstick as a marketplace icon|journal=Consumption Markets & Culture|date=4 May 2021|volume=24|issue=3|pages=225–240|doi=10.1080/10253866.2019.1670649|url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/10253866.2019.1670649|language=en|issn=1025-3866}}</ref> N'adịghị ka mkpọsa ụmụ nwanyị mbụ dị ka Women's Suffrage Movement nke lekwasịrị anya na ikike ndị bụ isi, ikike ndị inyom, lipstick na-ekwu na ụmụ nwanyị nwere ike ịbụ ndị inyom na-enweghị ileghara ịbụ nwanyị ma ọ bụ mmekọahụ ha anya. Lipstick femism na-anabata agụụ mmekọahụ nke nwanyị na nkwenye na ụmụ nwanyị nwere ikike iji agụụ na mmekọahụ mee ihe.<ref name=":02">{{Cite journal|author=Sweeney|first=Fionnghuala|year=2015|title='Beautiful, radiant things': Aesthetics, experience and feminist practice a response to Kathy Davis|url=http://webaccess.psu.edu/|journal=Feminist Theory|volume=16|pages=27–30|doi=10.1177/1464700114563244|accessdate=3 December 2019}}</ref><ref name=":12">{{Cite journal|author=Davis|first=Kathy|date=April 2015|title=Should a feminist dance tango? Some reflections on the experience and politics of passion1|journal=Feminist Theory|volume=16|issue=1|pages=3–21|doi=10.1177/1464700114562525|issn=1464-7001}}</ref> N'ihi nke abụọ na nke atọ nke ụmụ nwanyị, ụmụ nwanyị lipstick na-ekwuputa echiche ụmụ nwanyị a na-elekarị anya dị ka ihe na-eme ka ha ghara inwe ike, dị ka make-up na stilettos.<ref name=":0"/><ref name=":13">{{Cite journal|author=Rhode|first=Deborah|date=January 2017|title=Appearance as a Feminist Issue|url=https://scholar.smu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=4667&context=smulr|journal=SMU Dedman School of Law Review|volume=69|pages=1–15}}</ref> == Mmalite ya == N'ịgbaso usoro nke ịchụpụ ihe ndị nwanyị na-emekarị dị ka bras, úkwù, na ihe ịchọ mma nke pụtara na feminism nke abụọ, lipstick feminism sitere na ọchịchọ nke nwanyị nke atọ na-eme ememe "ọnyà nke nwanyị." N'ebe ụmụ nwanyị na-efegharị efegharị nke abụọ lere ejiji, ịma mma, na ịma mma anya dị ka ihe mgbochi na mmegbu, nwanyị nke atọ, na n'ikpeazụ lipstick feminism, chọrọ ịnakwere echiche ndị dị otú ahụ. Feminism nke atọ lekwasịrị anya n'ịweghachi ụlọ ọrụ mmekọahụ na imekọrịta nkwenye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na nkwenye onwe onye gbasara nwanyị. Ụfọdụ ndị inyom na-efegharị efegharị nke atọ nakweere ihe nnọchianya nke nwanyị dị ka stilettos na uwe mmekọ nwoke na nwanyị, ebe ndị ọzọ jụrụ ụdị omenala ndị dị otú ahụ maka ụdị aghụghọ ndị ọzọ dị ka isi afụ ọnụ na ntutu isi. Ụmụ nwanyị chọrọ ịga n'ihu n'ọgụ ha maka ịha nhatanha na itinye aka na mmemme n'emeghị ka ndị mmadụ nọrọ n'onyinyo nke nwanyị, ya mere lipstick feminism mụrụ site na ozi iji nwetaghachi ụlọ ọrụ mmekọahụ site na ihe ndị yiri nke nwanyị. === Ihe nnọchianya nke Omenala === {{Reflist|2|}}Ọ dịla anya a na-eji egbugbere ọnụ eme ihe dị ka ihe nnọchianya nke ọnọdụ na mmekọahụ. Maka ụfọdụ ọdịbendị ndị Ijipt oge ochie, egbugbere ọnụ gosipụtara mkpa na ọkaibe n'etiti ndị nọ n'ọkwá dị elu.<ref name=":3"/> N'omenala ndị Gris oge ochie, a na-eyi egbugbere ọnụ na-acha ọbara ọbara iji gosipụta ịgba akwụna.<ref name=":3" /> N'okpuru iwu Gris, a chọrọ ka ndị akwụna na-eyi egbugbere ọnụ mgbe ha nọ n'ihu ọha ma ọ bụ na-eche ntaramahụhụ maka ime ka nwanyị nọ n'ọkwá dị elu ihu.<ref name=":3" /> Oge ụfọdụ ka e mesịrị n'ihi mmetụta sitere na mba ndị gbara ya gburugburu, Gris nabatara egbugbere ọnụ n'ime omenala ndị isi na ndị ọgaranya.<ref name=":3" /> N'ime ọdịbendị ndị a, ụmụ nwanyị abụghị ndị isi na-eji egbugbere ọnụ eme ihe. Ndị ikom na ndị inyom na-eyi egbugbere ọnụ iji kwupụta ọnọdụ na ọkwa karịa okike.<ref name=":3" /> ọdịda nke Alaeze Ukwu Rom na mgbasa nke Iso Ụzọ Kraịst dugara na mbelata nke azụmahịa ihe ntecha.<ref name=":3"/> England na Middle Ages weere iji egbugbere ọnụ na ihe ntecha ndị ọzọ dị ka mgbanwe nke ihe okike Chineke, ya mere ọ bụ anụ ahụ nke Setan.<ref name=":3" /> Ruo ọtụtụ narị afọ, ihe ntecha na egbugbere ọnụ na England gbanwere na mmetụta dị iche iche sitere na chọọchị, steeti, na ndị eze, ọ bụ ezie na ọ nọgidere na-abụ ihe nnọchianya nke nwanyị ma chee na ọ na-ebu ike anwansi.<ref name=":3" /> Mmasị na agba egbugbere ọnụ gakwara n'ógbè ndị America.<ref name=":3">{{Cite journal|author=Schaffer|first=Sarah|title=Reading Our Lips: The History of Lipstick Regulation in Western Seats of Power|journal=Harvard Library|date=May 19, 2006|url=http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:10018966}}</ref> Ụfọdụ ndị America na-achị n'oge gara aga na-achịkwa iji egbugbere ọnụ na agba egbugbere iji chebe ụmụ nwoke pụọ na "aghụghọ" nke ụmụ nwanyị na-eji ihe ntecha.<ref name=":3" /> Lipstick nwetara ewu ewu na America ka ndị na-eme ihe nkiri na ndị ọzọ na-ahụ maka ọdịbendị ụmụ nwanyị malitere iyi ihe ntecha n'ihu ọha.<ref name=":3" /> Otú ọ dị, echiche ụfọdụ na-atụ aro na njikọta egbugbere ọnụ n'ime ọdịbendị America nwere ike ịbụ na ụmụ nwoke nwere olileanya na ụmụ nwanyị na-eri ihe ntecha ga-eme ka ụmụ nwanyị ghara ịchụso ọrụ ọdịnala ụmụ nwoke dị ka egwuregwu ma ọ bụ ọrụ ọkachamara.<ref name=":3" /> === Nkwado na nguzogide === N'ọtụtụ obodo oge ochie na nke oge a, nkọwa ọdịbendị nke egbugbere ọnụ na agba egbugbere ma nwee mmetụta nke nkwenkwe okpukpe, ọdịnala agbụrụ, na echiche nke nkwanye ùgwù.<ref name=":3"/> Njikọ siri ike n'etiti egbugbere ọnụ na ịgba akwụna yana nkwenye na ihe ntecha na-emetụta ọrụ aka nke chi na-emekarị ka a chịkwaa ihe ntecha.<ref name=":3" /> Na America, mkparị omenala megide egbugbere ọnụ mere ka ụlọ ọrụ ịma mma na-adịghị adị. Na-enweghị ihe ntecha arụpụtara, ụmụ nwanyị na-adabere na ihe ndị ọzọ na-eme onwe gị, dị ka ịpị egbugbere ọnụ n'ime akwụkwọ crepe na-acha ọbara ọbara, iji eriri na-acha uhie uhie na-ata egbugbereere ọnụ, na ịgwakọta ihe ndị e ji eme n'ụlọ.<ref name=":3"/> A jụrụ iji ihe ntecha eme ihe n'ozuzu ya ma jikọta ya na ịgba akwụna na okwu rụrụ arụ, na-akpali ọtụtụ ụmụ nwanyị ịrụ ọrụ na nzuzo iji nweta ọdịdị "okike" nke akpụkpọ ahụ na-acha ntụ ntụ, ntì na egbugbere ọnụ na-acha odo odo, na anya na-egbuke egbuke.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Institution|first=Smithsonian|title=Make-up|url=https://www.si.edu/spotlight/health-hygiene-and-beauty/make-up|accessdate=2025-03-03|work=Smithsonian Institution|language=en}}</ref> === Suffragettes and the heroic representation of lipstick === A pụrụ ịchọta ihe ngosi nke iyi egbugbere ọnụ - ọkachasị egbugbere egbugbere aka na-acha ọbara ọbara - dị ka omume nke nnọchiteanya na mmegharị nke suffragette, nke na-akwado ikike ụmụ nwanyị nwere ịtụ vootu na mmalite narị afọ nke 20. N'afọ 1912, onye ọchụnta ego na-emepụta ihe ntecha Elizabeth Arden kesara tubes nke 'Red Door Red' ya na ụmụ nwanyị 15,000 ka ha na-agagharị na New York City. In fighting for women's rights, the suffragettes were portrayed as mannish ‘shrieking sisters’ who failed to comply with gender norms. To dispel such perceptions, the suffragettes sought to present a more feminine appearance, donning delicate white tea dresses with purple and green accents – the colors of royalty and growth. Yet, as an act of defiance they also wore red lipstick – with the express intent of appalling men due to the historical social proscription of lipstick. Site na 1939 ruo 1945, n'oge Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ, a na-eji ihe ntecha eme ihe iji mebie iwu ike nke ụmụ nwoke n'oge agha. Mkpịsị egbugbere ọnụ na-acha ọbara ọbara, nke Adolf Hitler na-eleda anya, ghọrọ ihe nnọchianya nke ịbụ nwanyị na ịhụ mba n'anya. Nke a gosipụtara na aha ndị e nyere egbugbere ọnụ, gụnyere 'Fighting Red!", 'Patriot Red!" na 'Grenadier Red!". E nwekwara ihe ngosi mgbasa ozi n'oge agha, dị ka ihe oyiyi Rosie the Riveter, gosipụtara ụmụ nwanyị na-acha ọbara ọbara.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2022-06-19|title=Red lipstick was a symbol of women's struggle for their rights, and during World War II it also became a weapon for victory over Nazism, as it was hated by Hitler — a story in archival photos|url=https://babel.ua/en/texts/80004-red-lipstick-was-a-symbol-of-women-s-struggle-for-their-rights-and-during-world-war-ii-it-also-became-a-weapon-for-victory-over-nazism-as-it-was-hated-by-hitler-a-story-in-archival-photos|accessdate=2026-03-12|work=babel.ua|language=en}}</ref> === The liberation of female sexuality === N'afọ 1953, lipstick bịara na-anọchi anya ihe nwanyị nwere ike iyi iji mee onwe ya obi ụtọ ma nyochaa mmekọahụ ya, dị ka onye na-enwe mmekọahụ, onye na-arụsi ọrụ ike, na onye na-achọsi ike. The ahịa nke lipstick dị ka ihe nwanyị na-eyi maka obi ụtọ na afọ ojuju nke mbụ ya na mgbasa ozi Revlon's Fire and Ice nke jụrụ ụmụ nwanyị, "Emere gị maka ọkụ na ice?", na-egosipụtakwa ihu nke ika Dorian Leigh n'ụzọ siri ike na nke na-adọrọ adọrọ, na-eyi uwe a na-eme nke ọma, na-egbuke egbuke, na lipstick ma na-enweghị nwoke [1]. Mgbasa ozi Revlon's Fire & Ice nyere ụmụ nwanyị ikike iyiri onwe ha etemeete maka oge mbụ, wepụ ụmụ nwoke na usoro ahụ. It asked questions like, "Do you blush when you find yourself flirting," or "Would you streak your hair with platinum without consulting your husband," and if you answered yes to eight out of the 15 questions, then you were ready for the lipstick.<ref name="fire-ice">{{Cite web|date=2022-12-14|title=Revlon’s Fire & Ice 1952 Ad Shows How Copywriting Can Change An Industry|url=https://aaf-polk.org/revlons-fire-ice-1952-ad-shows-how-copywriting-can-change-an-industry/|accessdate=2026-03-29|work=AAF Polk County|archivedate=2026-04-23|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20260423082944/https://aaf-polk.org/revlons-fire-ice-1952-ad-shows-how-copywriting-can-change-an-industry/}}</ref> The aim was to show there was a little bit of bad in every woman, even if she was a church-going suburbanite wife. === Ntinye aka na nnọchiteanya n'oge a === Ruo ogologo oge, ire egbugbere ọnụ dị ka onye na-anọchite anya na maka ụmụ nwanyị ọcha pụtara na ịnweta ngwaahịa ntecha siri ike maka ụmụ nwanyị na-acha ọbara ọbara. Agbanyeghị, ahịa na-eji nwayọọ nwayọọ na-agbanwe. N'afọ 2017, a na-ekwu na onye na-agụ egwú / onye ama ama na Barbadian [[Rihanna]]'s Fenty Beauty brand na-emebi ụlọ ọrụ mara mma nke oge a site n'ịmepụta agba egbugbere ọnụ ndị ọzọ na-agụnye agbụrụ iji gbakwunye ọtụtụ ụda akpụkpọ ahụ. Tụkwasị na nke a, ụmụ nwanyị dịgasị iche iche na ndị na-agụnye onwe ha akwalitewo usoro ahụ. N'otu afọ ahụ, KJ Miller na Amanda E. Johnson, ụmụ nwanyị abụọ si Africa America bụ ndị nwere nkụda mmụọ n'ihi enweghị ike ịchọta egbugbere ọnụ gba ọtọ, guzobere Mented, nke bụ mkpụmkpụ maka pigmented. Mented malitere na egbugbere ọnụ isii na-enweghị ihe ọ bụla e mere maka ụda akpụkpọ ahụ dị omimi. Ọzọkwa na 2017, a kpọrọ aha Maye Musk dị afọ 69 dị ka onye nnọchi anya akara CoverGirl maka mkpọsa 'Abụ m ihe m na-eme ka ọ dị mma'. Ọzọkwa na 2012, ihe ngosi ejiji Iris Apfel, onye dị afọ iri itoolu, sooro MAC Cosmetics rụkọọ ọrụ iji mepụta akara egbugbere ọnụ 'unapologetically bold', na-anọchite anya nzọụkwụ na-aga n'ihu na-ebuli echiche nke ịma mma. == Nkà ihe ọmụma == Na nkà ihe ọmụma, ndị inyom na-eme egbugbere ọnụ na-ekwu na iyi ihe ntecha na uwe na-adọrọ adọrọ nwere ike ịbụ ụdị inye ụmụ nwanyị ike - n'ụzọ uche, na mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya, na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị. Ọ na-atụ aro na obi ike na onyinyo onwe onye na-ejikọta na ịnakwere mmasị mmekọahụ. Okwu ụmụ nwanyị nke nhọrọ na inye ikike na-akwado omume mmekọahụ n'ụzọ doro anya maka imegide Ọrụ nwoke na nwanyị ọdịnala a na-akpọkarị "ezi nwa agbọghọ," "nwaanyị dị mma," "nne na-adịghị achọ ịchụ onwe ya n'àjà," ma ọ bụ "nwanne nwanyị dị mma" ''na aliæ''. Ndị inyom ndị ọzọ na-arụ ụka na ihe a na-akpọ lipstick feminism bụ nkwenye nkà ihe ọmụma ebe nwanyị na-ahọrọ ime onwe ya ihe mmekọahụ, ya mere na-akwụsị ịbụ nwanyị nke ya, na-enweghị ike ịchịkwa onwe ya ma ọ bụ onye ya. Ndị na-ahụ maka nwanyị na-ekwukarị ma mkpebi itinye aka n'ọrụ nwoke na nwanyị ọdịnala, dị ka ịkpụ ntutu na iyi uwe mkpirisi, enwere ike were ya dị ka ihe na-enye ike. Ndị na-ahụ maka nwanyị dịka Fionnghuala Sweeney na Kathy Davis na-arụ ụka na enwere nnwere onwe nke nwere ike ịbịa site n'ịghọta na ịnakwere ụkpụrụ nwoke na nwanyị nke mmekọahụ dị ka ụzọ isi nwere onwe ya pụọ na echiche efu nke ụmụ nwanyị na ọha mmadụ. Feminism lipstick na-egosi na omume mmekọahụ bụ ụdị ike na mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya, nke nwere ike ime na mpaghara omenala, mmekọrịta ọha na eze, na nha anya nwoke na nwanyị. Ndị ọkammụta ekwuola na esemokwu dị n'etiti echiche ụmụ nwanyị na ọrụ okike okike. Ọkà mmụta Kathy Davis na-ede, sị, "Ndị inyom kwesịrị ịkwado ụkpụrụ ha, nkatọ nke mmekọahụ, na nyocha nke ihe ahụmahụ nke mmekọahụ yiri na ihe ọ pụtara nye ndị na-ahụ ya, ma ọ na-atụkwa aro na esemokwu dị n'etiti echiche ụmụ nwanyị na ahụmahụ ndị a ghọtara bụ isi iyi bara uru na-atụgharị uche na ụfọdụ ịgbachi nkịtị n'ime echiche ụmụ nwanyị n'onwe ha." === Ojiji nke asụsụ === Ọ bụghị naanị na òtù a rụrụ ọrụ iji nye ndị inyom ike, kamakwa n'asụsụ. Lipstick femism na-anabata mkparị abụọ site na ịkọwapụta ihe ha pụtara na iwepụ ihere ọha na eze nke a na-etinye n'ahụ nwanyị nke omume mmekọahụ ya bụ "onye nna" akọwapụtara iji gosipụta "nwaanyị rụrụ arụ" na onye rụrụ arụ.<ref>{{Cite book|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203889633|title=Feminism, Domesticity and Popular Culture|date=2008-09-07|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-0-203-88963-3|editor=Gillis|doi=10.4324/9780203889633}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|title=Feminism in popular culture|date=2006|publisher=Berg|others=Joanne Hollows, Rachel Moseley|isbn=1-84520-223-6|location=Oxford|oclc=61859792}}</ref> A na-ahụ nke a na okwu ndị dị ka: * Chick: nke mbụ a na-eji akọwa ụmụ nwanyị dị ka ụmụ ọkụkọ nkịtị na-egosi ụjọ na adịghị ike, gbanwere n'okwu nwere ihe onwunwe nye ụmụ nwoke. A na-eji okwu ahụ eme ihe n'akwụkwọ na-eji ihe ọchị eme ihe dị ka ụzọ isi lekwasị anya n'ụkpụrụ nna ochie e debere maka ụmụ nwanyị, na-emepụta ụmụ nwanyị na-eme ihe nkiri n'ime ọrụ ndị dị ka ''Mmekọahụ na Obodo''.<ref name=":04">{{Cite journal|author=Ferriss|first=Suzanne|date=2006|title=Chicks, Girls and Choice: Redefining Feminism|url=https://junctures.org/index.php/junctures/article/view/121|journal=Junctures: The Journal for Thematic Dialogue|language=en|issue=6|issn=1179-8912}}</ref> * Bitch: ndị na-ahụ maka egbugbere ọnụ na-aghọta na a na-ejikarị okwu a eme ihe maka ụmụ nwanyị na-ekwu okwu n'ezoghị ọnụ na-adịghị eme ihere ikwupụta onwe ha wee hụ ya n'ụzọ dị mma.<ref name=":04" /> * Slut: ka ndị na-ahụ maka egbugbere ọnụ na-alụ ọgụ maka nnwere onwe mmekọahụ, iweghachite okwu ahụ bụ ihe dị mkpa dịka a na-eji ya eme ihe mgbe niile dị ka ụkpụrụ abụọ mgbe a na-atụle mmekọahụ n'etiti ụmụ nwoke na ụmụ nwanyị.<ref>{{Cite book|author=Montell|first=Amanda|title=Wordslut: A Feminist Guide to Taking Back the English Language|publisher=Harper Wave|year=2019|isbn=978-0062868879|location=New York|pages=10–15|language=English}}</ref> Iweghachi okwu a enyerela aka ịkpali mmegharị mba nke SlutWalk.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Ringrose|first=Jessica|date=2012|title=Slut-shaming, girl power and 'sexualisation': thinking through the politics of the international SlutWalks with teen girls|url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/09540253.2011.645023|journal=Gender and Education|volume=24|issue=3|pages=333–343|doi=10.1080/09540253.2011.645023}}</ref> Ndị a bụ okwu ole na ole n'etiti ọtụtụ, na site na iji asụsụ iji mee ka mmegharị ahụ nwee ike iwepụ abrasiveness site na okwu ndị a, si otú a hụ na akara ndị a abụghịzi mkparị. Nkọwa a mepụtara, n'akụkụ ụfọdụ, dị ka nzaghachi nye mmeghachi omume nke echiche megide ụdị dị iche iche nke ụmụ nwanyị nke abụọ. A na-emetụtakwa okwu ndị a site na echiche ọjọọ ndị e mepụtara n'oge nke abụọ nke ụmụ nwanyị, dị ka "onye na-ahụ maka ụmụ nwanyị" ma ọ bụ "onye na'ahụ maka ụmụ nwoke na nwanyị". N'otu echiche, ihe ịga nke ọma nke ụmụ nwanyị nke abụọ mere ka o kwe omume iweghachite akụkụ nke ụmụ nwanyị ndị a hụrụ dị ka ndị na-eme ka ha ghara inwe ike, dị ka make-up ma ọ bụ stilettos. === Stiletto femism === Stiletto femism, echiche dịgasị iche iche nke egbugbere ọnụ, na-ahụ ojiji postmodern nke ejiji dị ka inye ike; ma gbasaa arụmụka site na ịnabata ihe ntecha, na ịdị irè nke ụmụ nwanyị na-arụ ọrụ ndị dabere na [[Ịma mma|ịma mma anụ ahụ]] nwanyị, dị ka ịrụ ọrụ dị ka onye na-agba egwú ma ọ bụ dị ka onye Na-agba egbuke, yana ngosipụta sapphic. == Nkatọ == <templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"></templatestyles><templatestyles src="Hlist/styles.css" /><templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"></templatestyles><templatestyles src="Hlist/styles.css" /><templatestyles src="Hlist/styles.css" /><templatestyles src="Hlist/styles.css" /><templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"></templatestyles><templatestyles src="Hlist/styles.css" /><templatestyles src="Hlist/styles.css" /><templatestyles src="Hlist/styles.css" /><templatestyles src="Hlist/styles.css" /><templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"></templatestyles><templatestyles src="Hlist/styles.css" /><templatestyles src="Hlist/styles.css" /><templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"></templatestyles><templatestyles src="Hlist/styles.css" /><templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"></templatestyles><templatestyles src="Hlist/styles.css" /><templatestyles src="Hlist/styles.css" /><templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"></templatestyles><templatestyles src="Hlist/styles.css" /><templatestyles src="Hlist/styles.css" /><templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"></templatestyles><templatestyles src="Hlist/styles.css" /><templatestyles src="Hlist/styles.css" /><templatestyles src="Hlist/styles.css" /><templatestyles src="Hlist/styles.css" /><templatestyles src="Hlist/styles.css" /><templatestyles src="Hlist/styles.css" /><templatestyles src="Hlist/styles.css" /><templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"></templatestyles><templatestyles src="Hlist/styles.css" /><templatestyles src="Hlist/styles.css" /><templatestyles src="Hlist/styles.css" /><templatestyles src="Hlist/styles.css" /><templatestyles src="Hlist/styles.css" /><templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"></templatestyles><templatestyles src="Hlist/styles.css" /><templatestyles src="Hlist/styles.css" /><templatestyles src="Hlist/styles.css" /><templatestyles src="Hlist/styles.css" /><templatestyles src="Hlist/styles.css" />Arụmụka nke iri na itoolu na mmalite nke narị afọ nke iri abụọ katọrọ omume nke ime ihe iji gbanwee ma ọ bụ melite ọdịdị mmadụ. Ndị mmadụ n'oge ahụ kwenyere na ịma mma na omume ọma jikọtara ọnụ, yabụ ilekwasị anya na ịma mma mmadụ na-ahapụ imeziwanye omume ọma mmadụ. Mmetụta malitere ịgbanwe ozugbo ahịa mere ka ihe ntecha "ihe osise na ntụ" dị mfe. Ihe ihere gbasara omume ịma mma malitere ibelata, a malitekwara ile ya anya dị ka ụdị ngosipụta onwe onye yana imeziwanye ohere mmadụ nwere ịchọ maka alụmdi na nwunye.<ref name=":13"/> Okwu nke ma ọ ga-ekwe omume ịbụ onye na-akwado ụmụ nwanyị mgbe ị na-anabata ụmụ nwanyị, ọkachasị site na iji egbugbere ọnụ, akpaliwo arụmụka n'ime ndị na-akwado ndị inyom ruo ọtụtụ afọ. Echiche nke ndị inyom egbugbere ọnụ na-ekwusi ike na mmadụ nwere ike iyi egbugbere onwe ma ka na-akọwa onwe ya dị ka onye na-akwado ụmụ nwanyị, ebe ọ bụ na ndị inyom na-agụnye ihe karịrị ọdịdị elu. Otú ọ dị, echiche a echeela nkatọ site n'aka ụfọdụ ndị na-ahụ maka ụmụ nwanyị na-ekwu na itinye aka na ngosipụta nke ụmụ nwanyị na mmekọahụ na-emegide ịchụso nha nhata nwoke na nwanyị. === Echiche nke nhọrọ === N'etiti esemokwu a bụ echiche nke nhọrọ. Ọtụtụ ndị na-ahụ maka ụmụ nwanyị kwetara na nnwere onwe nwanyị na nnwere ike ime nhọrọ bụ ụkpụrụ ndị bụ isi nke ụmụ nwanyị. Otú ọ dị, echiche nke nhọrọ aghọwo isiokwu dị mgbagwoju anya na nke na-ese okwu n'etiti ndị ọkà mmụta ụmụ nwanyị. N'otu aka, ụfọdụ na-ekwusi ike na mkpa nhọrọ nke onye ọ bụla dị, na-eji nnwere onwe ikwupụta onwe gị n'ụzọ kwekọrọ na mmasị onwe onye kpọrọ ihe. Ha na-ekwu na njedebe ọ bụla na nhọrọ nwanyị na-emebi isi ihe nke ụmụ nwanyị. N'aka nke ọzọ, e nwere ndị na-ahụ maka ụmụ nwanyị na-akatọ echiche nke nhọrọ onwe onye, na-aghọta na usoro ọha na eze na ụkpụrụ nna ochie na-emetụta ma na-egbochi nhọrọ ụmụ nwanyị. Ha na-ekwu na ile nhọrọ ndị mmadụ n'otu n'otu anya dị ka ihe na-eme ka mmadụ nwere ike ịtọhapụ na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nwere ike ikpuchi nnukwu enweghị nhata na ike nke na-akpụzi ndụ ụmụ nwanyị. Site n'ilekwasị anya na nhọrọ onwe onye, enwere ihe ize ndụ nke ileghara mkpa maka ime ihe n'otu aka iji maa aka ma gbanwee usoro mmegbu ndị a. Arụmụka a na-aga n'ihu n'ime ụmụ nwanyị na-egosipụta ọdịiche dị iche iche nke echiche na ụzọ n'ime òtù ahụ. Ụfọdụ ndị na-ahụ maka ụmụ nwanyị na-ebute ụlọ ọrụ onwe onye na ike onwe onye ụzọ, ebe ndị ọzọ na-emesi nyocha nke ụkpụrụ ọha na eze na enweghị nhata. N'ikpeazụ, ajụjụ nke ma iyi egbugbere ọnụ kwekọrọ na echiche ụmụ nwanyị dịgasị iche dabere na nkọwa mmadụ banyere ụmụ nwanyị na nghọta ha banyere mgbagwoju anya gbara nhọrọ na nha nhata nwoke na nwanyị gburugburu. == Na mgbasa ozi == [[Faịlụ:Legally_Blonde_The_Musical_(8008143258).jpg|thumb|Akara, Elle, na egwu Legally Blonde''Ọ bụ onye na-acha ọbara ọbara'']] Lipstick femism aghọwo otu n'ime isiokwu ụmụ nwanyị a ma ama n'ime ihe nkiri, ọkachasị na afọ 2000. Ọtụtụ n'ime mgbasa ozi ndị a na-egosipụtakarị ndị dike a ka ha na-eji nwanyị ha eme ihe maka uru ha, na ịjụ ịgbaso ụkpụrụ ndị ọzọ nke ga-amanye ha ịghọ ndị inyom.<ref name=":15">{{Cite book|author=Wilkins|first=Heidi|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474406895.001.0001|title=Talkies, Road Movies and Chick Flicks|date=2016-03-01|publisher=Edinburgh University Press|doi=10.3366/edinburgh/9781474406895.001.0001|isbn=978-1-4744-0689-5}}</ref> A na-anọchite anya mmegharị a na ihe nkiri Legally Blonde ka ọ na-agbaso nwa agbọghọ bụbu sorority, Elle, onye nwetara nzere Juris Doctor na Harvard Law School, na-emeri echiche megide blondes na mmeri dị ka onye ọka iwu na-aga nke ọma n'ahapụghị àgwà nwanyị ya. O bu ụzọ gaa ụlọ akwụkwọ iwu na-enwe olileanya ịlaghachi na enyi nwoke mbụ, mana ọ chọtara mmasị ya maka iwu ma bụrụ onye siri ike banyere ya. Ka ọ na-agbadata ụmụ akwụkwọ ndị ọzọ na-enye ya oge siri ike banyere otú o si dị na slang ọ na-eji mgbe ọ na-ekwu okwu, mana nke a egbochighị ya ka ọ ga-anọgide na-ekere òkè n'ihe omume ụmụ nwanyị dịka ime mbọ ya na iyi uwe dị mma. Otu ihe nkiri na-egosi otu n'ime ndị prọfesọ iwu ya na-agba ya ume itinye akwụkwọ maka ọzụzụ ma nye ya resuum na-acha pinki pinki na nke na-esi ísì ụtọ, ihe ngosi doro anya nke ya na-eji nwanyị eme ihe n'emeghị ihere dị ka ike.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Vincendeau|first=Ginette|date=2016-01-02|title=Introduction: the 'blond issue'|journal=Celebrity Studies|volume=7|issue=1|pages=1–5|doi=10.1080/19392397.2016.1104882|issn=1939-2397}}</ref><ref name=":15" /> [[Faịlụ:Sex_and_the_City_.jpg|thumb|Ndị isi na-eme ihe nkiri]] ''mmekọahụ na Obodo'', ọ bụ ezie na ọ natara ụfọdụ nkatọ ụmụ nwanyị, bụ otu n'ime ihe ngosi telivishọn mbụ iji gosipụta nnwere onwe mmekọahụ ụmụ nwanyị ma katọọ akụkọ gbara mmekọrịta ọdịnala gburugburu.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Stillion Southard|first=Belinda A.|date=2008-05-09|title=Beyond the Backlash: ''Sex and the City'' and Three Feminist Struggles|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01463370802026943|journal=Communication Quarterly|volume=56|issue=2|pages=149–167|doi=10.1080/01463370802026943|issn=0146-3373}}</ref> Usoro ahụ na-agbaso ndụ ụmụ nwanyị anọ bi na New York City, na-agagharị mmekọrịta ha na ndụ mmekọahụ ọnụ ka ha na-ekwu maka isiokwu ndị dị ka mmekọahụ dị nchebe, mmekọahụ, na nwanyị. Nwanyị ọ bụla na-ama ihe ọha na eze na-atụ anya ya aka ma na-egosipụta àgwà ndị ihe ngosi telivishọn furu efu n'oge ahụ. E gosipụtara Carrie, onye ndu, dị ka onye ọ bụla nwere nchegbu, enweghị ntụkwasị obi, na mkpa mmetụta uche ya n'ihu. Charlotte bụ onye nnọchiteanya nke echiche ọdịnala ka ọ na-achọsi alụmdi na nwunye ike ma bụrụ onye na-adịghị akwụwa aka ọtọ, onye na-enweghị olileanya. Miranda bụ onye ọka iwu na-anụ ọkụ n'obi nke na-enwekarị obi abụọ na ndị ikom nọ na ndụ ya. Samantha bụ onye kasị okenye, n'afọ iri anọ ya ebe ndị ọzọ nọ n'afọ atọ ya, ọ bụkwa onye na-eme omume rụrụ arụ na onye nwere obi ike n'onwe ya dị ka nwanyị ọchụnta ego. Ihe ngosi nke nkewa gabigara ókè na nke dị mgbagwoju anya, ụmụ nwanyị na-arụ ọrụ, inwe mmekọahụ, na mkparịta ụka na-enweghị isi niile na-egosipụta echiche ụmụ nwanyị nke mebiri ihe mgbochi ọha na eze n'oge a tọhapụrụ ya na 1998. <ref>{{Cite journal|author=Doudaki|first=Vaia|date=2012|title=Sex and the City|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13216597.2012.670126|journal=Journal of International Communication|volume=18|issue=1|pages=5–17|doi=10.1080/13216597.2012.670126|issn=1321-6597}}</ref> === Magazin ''Bust'' === ''Bust'' bụ magazin na ebe nrụọrụ weebụ nke na-enye akụkọ, ntụrụndụ, onye ama ama, ụdị ndụ, na ejiji site n'echiche ụmụ nwanyị. ''Bust'' tọrọ ntọala na New York City na 1993 site n'aka Debbie Stoller, Laurie Henzel, na Marcelle Karp.<sup class="mw-ref reference" mwau0="">Bust Magazine's Story Of Rising From The Ashes After Shutting Down 16 Years Ago<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;},<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;work<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;:{<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;wt<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;:<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;Forbes.com<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;},<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;author-first<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;:{<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;wt<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;:<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;Julie<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;},<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;author-last<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;:{<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;wt<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;:<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;Sygiel<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;},<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;date<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;:{<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;wt<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;:<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;6 Jan 2017<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;},<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;url<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;:{<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;wt<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;:<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;<nowiki>https://www.forbes.com/sites/juliesygiel/2017/01/06/bust/?sh=6254010e12a3&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;access-date&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wt&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;8</nowiki> Jun 2023<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;}},<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;i<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;:0}}]}\" data-ve-no-generated-contents=\"true\" id=\"mwAtg\"><nowiki>&</nowiki>nbsp;<nowiki></span></nowiki><nowiki><cite about=\"#mwt177\" class=\"citation web cs1\" id=\"CITEREFSygiel2017\" data-ve-ignore=\"\">Sygiel, Julie (6 January 2017). <a class=\"external text\" href=\"https://www.forbes.com/sites/juliesygiel/2017/01/06/bust/?sh=6254010e12a3\" id=\"mwAtk\" rel=\"mw:ExtLink nofollow\">\"Bust Magazine's Story Of Rising From The Ashes After Shutting Down 16 Years Ago\"</a></nowiki>. <nowiki><i id=\"mwAto\">Forbes.com</i></nowiki><nowiki><span class=\"reference-accessdate\" id=\"mwAts\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\" id=\"mwAtw\">8 June</span></nowiki> 2023<nowiki></span></nowiki>.<nowiki></cite></nowiki>"}}" id="cite_ref-26" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref">[./Lipstick_feminism#cite_note-26 <span class="mw-reflink-text"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket"><nowiki>]</nowiki></span></span>]</sup> Ha chọrọ ịmepụta magazin ụmụ nwanyị dị mma na nke doro anya maka ọgbọ ha. Bust aghọwo ihe nnọchianya nke "girlie" feminism, ụdị "third-wave" feminist engagement nke na-eleghachi anya n'ihe omume na mmasị ndị metụtara ọdịnala na ụmụ nwanyị, dị ka ịkpa akwa, ejiji, na imewe. == Hụkwa == == Edensibia == == Ịgụ ihe ọzọ == * [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] * Sylvia Walby, ''Ọdịnihu nke Feminism'' (2011). * Ntụgharị uche na Non-Imperialist, Feminist Values, Meyers (2021) * Feminism na ọdịnihu: Geographies of resistance, resilience and reworking, MacLeavy, Fanning, Larner. * Nke a bụ ihe onye na-ahụ maka ụmụ nwanyị na-ele anya: Ịmata na Nnyocha nke Ihe Ndị Na-eme ka Echiche nke Ụmụ nwanyị na Ịtụ amụma Nkwado nke Ọrụ Mmekọahụ Kaitlyn McLaughlin, Shelley Aikman == Njikọ mpụga == * "Lipstick Feminists", nke Elizabeth Austin. [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] * [https://www.theage.com.au/entertainment/books/lipstick-helped-feminism-20041016-gdyt8f.html "Lipstick nyeere aka n'ịhụnanya ụmụ nwanyị"] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20181228224809/http://bananapowder.co.uk/ Banana Powder UK] [[Otú:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 46x9l30mw5zws2v3ly31bngyr5mapc7 0 76385 696413 654200 2026-08-02T13:31:11Z Nachi kim 20090 Fixed reference error 696413 wikitext text/x-wiki Ọganihu na-eto eto nke ịtụgharị na ibipụta ihe n’Ịntanet pụtara na e-zines (magazin eletrọnik) na blọgụ ghọrọ ihe a na-ahụkarị n’ebe niile. Ọtụtụ ndị ode akwụkwọ onwe ha siri ike, tinyere òtù dị iche iche, chọpụtara na Ịntanet nyere ohere maka ịkekọrịta ozi na ibipụta edemede na vidio ndị na-egosi echiche ha n’ihu ọtụtụ mmadụ nwere ike ịgụ ma ọ bụ hụ. Ịntanet gbanwere nke ukwuu ọdịnaya nke mmegharị ụmụ nwanyị (feminist movement) n’ụzọ na-eme ka ọ dị mfe isonye, gbanwee ụdị ngosi ya, na gbasaa ụdị okwu na nsogbu e na-elebara anya.  Ọganihu na-eto eto nke ịtụgharị na ibipụta ihe n’Ịntanet pụtara na e-zines (magazin eletrọnik) na blọgụ ghọrọ ihe a na-ahụkarị n’ebe niile. Ọtụtụ ndị ode akwụkwọ onwe ha siri ike, tinyere òtù dị iche iche, chọpụtara na Ịntanet nyere ohere maka ịkekọrịta ozi na ibipụta edemede na vidio ndị na-egosi echiche ha n’ihu ọtụtụ mmadụ nwere ike ịgụ ma ọ bụ hụ. Ịntanet gbanwere nke ukwuu ọdịnaya nke mmegharị ụmụ nwanyị (feminist movement) n’ụzọ na-eme ka ọ dị mfe isonye, gbanwee ụdị ngosi ya, na gbasaa ụdị okwu na nsogbu e na-elebara anya. Ebumnuche nke ụmụ nwanyị bụ ịkọwa, guzobe, na ịgbachitere ọnọdụ nke ikike ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, akụ na ụba, ọdịbendị, na mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya maka ụmụ nwanyị. O nweela mmetụta dị ukwuu na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị America.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/feminism|title=Feminism – Definition and More from the Free Merriam-Webster Dictionary|publisher=merriam-webster.com|accessdate=12 June 2011|archivedate=22 November 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20191122141447/https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/feminism}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/british/feminism|title=Definition of feminism noun from Cambridge Dictionary Online: Free English Dictionary and Thesaurus|publisher=dictionary.cambridge.org|accessdate=12 June 2011|archivedate=29 May 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150529000929/http://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/british/feminism}}</ref> A na-ekewa ụmụ nwanyị na United States n'usoro oge n'ime ụmụ nwanyị nke mbụ, nke abụọ, nke atọ, na nke anọ.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=http://womenshistory.answers.com/feminism/what-are-the-three-waves-of-feminism|title=What Are the Three Waves of Feminism?|accessdate=June 30, 2014|work=Answers|author=Engel|first=Kerilynn|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140714235238/http://womenshistory.answers.com/feminism/what-are-the-three-waves-of-feminism|archivedate=July 14, 2014}}</ref><ref name="4thWave-Guardian20131210">{{Cite news|author=Cochrane|first=Kira|authorlink=Kira Cochrane|title=The Fourth Wave of Feminism: Meet the Rebel Women|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/dec/10/fourth-wave-feminism-rebel-women|work=The Guardian|date=10 December 2013|accessdate=9 February 2018}}</ref> == Usoro iheomume == === Ugboro mbụ nke ụmụ nwanyị === Ugboro mbụ nke ụmụ nwanyị na United States malitere na Seneca Falls Convention, mgbakọ mbụ nke ikike ụmụ nwanyị, nke emere na Wesleyan Chapel na Seneva Falls, New York, na July 19 na 20, 1848. <ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EoJrHDirVQUC&pg=PA12|title=Encyclopedia of women and religion ... – Google Books|accessdate=June 29, 2011|isbn=9780253346865|year=2006|author=Keller|first=Rosemary Skinner|publisher=Indiana University Press}}</ref> Nzukọ Seneca Falls sitere n'ike mmụọ nsọ nke ahụmahụ Elizabeth Cady Stanton na Lucretia Mott na World Anti-Slavery Convention na London na 1840. Nzukọ ahụ jụrụ ịnọdụ Mott na ndị nnọchi anya ụmụ nwanyị ndị ọzọ si America n'ihi okike ha.<ref name="npg.si.edu">{{Cite web|url=http://www.npg.si.edu/col/seneca/senfalls1.htm|title=seneca falls|publisher=Npg.si.edu|accessdate=June 29, 2011|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110709072000/http://www.npg.si.edu/col/seneca/senfalls1.htm|archivedate=July 9, 2011}}</ref> "Stanton, nwunye ọhụrụ nke otu onye nnọchi anya na-alụso ịgba ohu ọgụ, na Mott, onye nkwusa Quaker na onye nwere ogologo ahụmahụ n’ọrụ mgbanwe ọha mmadụ, kparịtara maka ịkpọkọta ọgbakọ ga-atụle ọnọdụ na otu e si emeso ụmụ nwanyị."<ref name="npg.si.edu" /> A na-eme atụmatụ na narị mmadụ atọ gara mgbakọ ahụ, gụnyere ndị ama ama Lucretia Mott na Frederick Douglass. <ref name="npg.si.edu">{{Cite web|url=http://www.npg.si.edu/col/seneca/senfalls1.htm|title=seneca falls|publisher=Npg.si.edu|accessdate=June 29, 2011|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110709072000/http://www.npg.si.edu/col/seneca/senfalls1.htm|archivedate=July 9, 2011}}</ref> Na ngwụcha, ụmụ nwanyị 68 na ụmụ nwoke 32 bịanyere aka na Declaration of Sentiments, nke Elizabeth Cady Stanton na Ezinụlọ M'Clintock dere.<ref name="npg.si.edu" /> E dere nkwupụta nke mmetụta n'ụdị na usoro nke Nkwupụta nke Nnwere Onwe. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, Declaration of Sentiments kwuru, sị: “Anyị na-ewere eziokwu ndị a dị ka nke na-apụta ìhè onwe ya, na a mụrụ mmadụ niile—ụmụ nwoke na ụmụ nwanyị—ha nhata, ma Onye Okike ha nyere ha ụfọdụ ikike a na-apụghị iwepụ.”7 <ref name="rochester.edu">{{Cite web|url=http://www.rochester.edu/SBA/suffrage_sba_ecs.html|title=The Susan B. Anthony Center for Women's Leadership :: Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Stanton|publisher=Rochester.edu|accessdate=June 29, 2011|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110628141406/http://rochester.edu/SBA/suffrage_sba_ecs.html|archivedate=June 28, 2011}}</ref> Nkwupụta ahụ gara n'ihu kwuo, "Akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ihe a kpọrọ mmadụ bụ akụkọ ihe mere eme banyere mmerụ ahụ ugboro ugboro na nnupụisi site n'aka nwoke n'ebe nwanyị nọ. "<ref name="rochester.edu" /> Nkwupụta ahụ gara n’ihu kọwaa mkpesa ụmụ nwanyị banyere iwu ndị na-agọnahụ ụmụ nwanyị lụrụ di ikike inwe ma ọ bụ ijide ụgwọ ọrụ ha nwetara, ego ha, na akụnụba ha. A na-achọ ka ụmụ nwanyị nyefee ihe ndị a niile n’aka di ha; iwu ndị a nke na-arụ ọrụ n’ofe America n’oge ahụ ka a na-akpọ iwu coverture. A tụlekwa nsogbu nke enweghị ohere ụmụ nwanyị nwere nweta agụmakwụkwọ na ọrụ ọkachamara, nakwa ọnọdụ dị ala e nyere ụmụ nwanyị n’ọtụtụ ụka..<ref name="rochester.edu">{{Cite web|url=http://www.rochester.edu/SBA/suffrage_sba_ecs.html|title=The Susan B. Anthony Center for Women's Leadership :: Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Stanton|publisher=Rochester.edu|accessdate=June 29, 2011|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110628141406/http://rochester.edu/SBA/suffrage_sba_ecs.html|archivedate=June 28, 2011}}</ref> Ọzọkwa, nkwupụta ahụ kwupụtara na ụmụ nwanyị kwesịrị inwe ikike ịtụ vootu.<ref name="rochester.edu" /> Ụfọdụ n'ime ndị sonyere na Seneca Falls Convention haziri Rochester Women's Rights Convention izu abụọ ka e mesịrị na August 2 na Rochester, New York.<ref name="nps.gov">{{Cite web|url=https://www.nps.gov/wori/learn/historyculture/womens-rights-movement.htm|title=Women's Rights National Historical Park – Women's Rights Movement (U.S. National Park Service)|publisher=Nps.gov|date=August 17, 2010|accessdate=June 29, 2011|archivedate=December 29, 2010|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101229055718/http://www.nps.gov/wori/historyculture/womens-rights-movement.htm}}</ref> Nzukọ ndị ọzọ nke steeti na mpaghara sochiri ya na Ohio, Pennsylvania, na New York.<ref name="nps.gov" /> E mere National Woman's Rights Convention nke mbụ na Worcester, Massachusetts na 1850. <ref name="nps.gov" /> A na-eme mgbakọ ikike ụmụ nwanyị mgbe niile site na 1850 ruo mgbe Agha Obodo malitere. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.legacy98.org/move-hist.html|title=Legacy '98: A Short History of the Movement|publisher=Legacy98.org|date=September 19, 2001|accessdate=June 29, 2011|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110713081500/http://www.legacy98.org/move-hist.html|archivedate=July 13, 2011}}</ref> Nzukọ ụmụ nwanyị America malitere na 1848 Seneca Falls Convention; ọtụtụ n'ime ndị na-eme ngagharị iwe ghọrọ ndị maara ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị n'oge mmegide abolitionist. A haziri òtù ahụ mgbe Agha Obodo gasịrị, na-enweta ndị na-eme mkpọsa nwere ahụmịhe, ọtụtụ n'ime ha rụrụ ọrụ maka mmachibido iwu na Women's Christian Temperance Union. Ka ọ na-erule ngwụcha narị afọ nke iri na itoolu, ọ bụ naanị steeti ole na ole dị n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ nyere ụmụ nwanyị ikike ịtụ vootu zuru oke, ọ bụ ezie na ụmụ nwanyị enweela mmeri ndị ọzọ dị mkpa n'iwu, na-enweta ikike n'ebe ndị dị ka ihe onwunwe na nlekọta ụmụaka. N'afọ 1866, Elizabeth Cady Stanton na Susan B. Anthony guzobere American Equal Rights Association, otu maka ụmụ nwanyị na ndị ikom ọcha na ndị isi ojii raara onwe ha nye ebumnuche nke ikike nhọpụta maka mmadụ niile.<ref name="memory.loc.gov">{{Cite web|url=http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/naw/nawstime.html|title=Votes for Women: Timeline|publisher=Memory.loc.gov|date=August 26, 1920|accessdate=June 29, 2011|archivedate=August 14, 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170814182559/http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/naw/nawstime.html}}</ref> N'afọ 1868, e mere Ndezigharị nke Iri na Anọ, nke a bụ Ndezigharị mbụ iji kọwaa ndị na-eme ntụli aka dị ka "nwoke".<ref name="memory.loc.gov" /> N'afọ 1869, òtù na-ahụ maka ihe ndị ruuru ụmụ nwanyị kewara n'ime òtù abụọ n'ihi enweghị nkwekọrịta banyere Ndezigharị nke Iri na Anọ na nke a ga-eme n'oge na-adịghị anya, ebe akụkụ abụọ ahụ na-agbakọtaghị ruo n'afọ 1890.<ref name="memory.loc.gov" /> Elizabeth Cady Stanton na Susan B. Anthony guzobere otu National Woman Suffrage Association (NWSA) nke dị na New York. <ref name="memory.loc.gov" /> Lucy Stone, Henry Blackwell, na Julia Ward Howe haziri American Woman Suffrage Association (AWSA), nke dị na Boston.<ref name="memory.loc.gov" /> N'afọ 1870, Ndezigharị nke Iri na Ise nyere ndị isi ojii ikike.<ref name="memory.loc.gov" /> NWSA jụrụ ịrụ ọrụ maka nkwado ya, na-arụ ụka, kama nke ahụ, na a ga-ewepụ ya maka Ndezigharị nke Iri na Isii na-enye ikike ntụli aka zuru ụwa ọnụ.<ref name="memory.loc.gov" /> Frederick Douglass kewapụrụ Stanton na Anthony n'ihi ọnọdụ NWSA.<ref name="memory.loc.gov" /> N'afọ 1869, Wyoming ghọrọ mpaghara ma ọ bụ steeti mbụ na America nyere ụmụ nwanyị ikike ntuli aka (suffrage).. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/wyoming-grants-women-the-vote|title=Wyoming grants women the vote — History.com This Day in History — 12/10/1869<!-- Bot generated title -->|date=16 November 2009|accessdate=2014-07-11|archivedate=2021-03-28|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210328030802/https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/wyoming-grants-women-the-vote}}</ref> N'afọ 1870, Louisa Ann Swain ghọrọ nwanyị mbụ na United States na-atụ vootu na ntuli aka. Ọ tụbara vootu ya na Septemba 6, 1870, na Laramie, Wyoming.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Women vote in the West: the Woman Suffrage Movement, 1869–1896|first=Beverly|author=Beeton|publisher=[[Garland Science]]|location=New York|year=1986|isbn=978-0-8240-8251-2}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|title=Women and museums: a comprehensive guide|first=Victor J.|author=Danilov|publisher=[[Rowman & Littlefield|AltaMira Press]]|location=Lanham, MD|year=2005|isbn=978-0-7591-0854-7|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4AWmyJvZwkwC&pg=PA68}}</ref> Site na 1870 ruo 1875 ọtụtụ ụmụ nwanyị, gụnyere Virginia Louisa Minor, Victoria Woodhull, na Myra Bradwell, Ha gbalịrị iji Ndezigharị Iwu nke Iri na Anọ (Fourteenth Amendment) n’ụlọikpe nweta ikike ntuli aka (dịka Minor na Woodhull) ma ọ bụ ikike ịrụ ọrụ iwu dịka ọka iwu (dịka Bradwell), ma mbọ ha niile dara n’ala ma ọ gaghị nke ọma.<ref name="memory.loc.gov">{{Cite web|url=http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/naw/nawstime.html|title=Votes for Women: Timeline|publisher=Memory.loc.gov|date=August 26, 1920|accessdate=June 29, 2011|archivedate=August 14, 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170814182559/http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/naw/nawstime.html}}</ref> N'afọ 1872, e jidere Susan B. Anthony ma kpụpụ ya n'ụlọ ikpe na Rochester, New York, maka ịnwa ịtụ vootu maka Ulysses S. Grant na ntuli aka onye isi ala; a mara ya ikpe ma kwụọ ya $ 100 na ụgwọ ikpe ya mana ọ jụrụ ịkwụ ụgwọ.<ref name="memory.loc.gov" /><ref>{{Cite web|first=Doug|author=Linder|url=http://www.law.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/anthony/timeline.html|title=The Susan B. Anthony Trial: A Chronology|publisher=Law.umkc.edu|accessdate=June 29, 2011|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101021125832/http://www.law.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/anthony/timeline.html|archivedate=October 21, 2010}}</ref> N'otu oge ahụ, Sojourner Truth pụtara n'ụlọ ntuli aka na Battle Creek, Michigan, na-achọ ka a tie vootu; a jụrụ ya.<ref name="memory.loc.gov" /> Ọzọkwa na 1872, Victoria Woodhull ghọrọ nwanyị mbụ gbara ọsọ maka onye isi ala, ọ bụ ezie na ọ pụghị ịtụ vootu ma nweta naanị vootu ole na ole, Ulysses S. Grant meriri ya.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.loc.gov/wiseguide/may06/women.html|title=The LOC.GOV Wise Guide : The First Woman to Run for President ... 50 Years Ago?|publisher=Loc.gov|accessdate=June 29, 2011|archivedate=June 27, 2011|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110627025242/http://www.loc.gov/wiseguide/may06/women.html}}</ref> Ọ bụ ndị Equal Rights Party họpụtara ya ka ọ na-agba ọsọ, ma na-akwado Ụbọchị ọrụ awa asatọ, ụtụ isi ego gụsịrị akwụkwọ, mmemme ọdịmma ọha na eze, na ịkekọrịta uru, n'etiti ọkwa ndị ọzọ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://victoria-woodhull.com/whoisvw.htm|title=Who Is Victoria Woodhull?|publisher=Victoria-woodhull.com|accessdate=June 29, 2011|archivedate=July 17, 2011|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110717195509/http://victoria-woodhull.com/whoisvw.htm}}</ref> N'afọ 1874, Annie Wittenmyer guzobere Women's Christian Temperance Union (WCTU) iji rụọ ọrụ maka mmachibido iwu nke mmanya; na [[Frances Willard]] n'isi ya (malite na 1876), WCTU ghọkwara ikike dị mkpa n'ọgụ maka ụmụ nwanyị.<ref name="memory.loc.gov" /> N'afọ 1878, e bu ụzọ webata mgbanwe nke ụmụ nwanyị na United States Congress, mana ọ gafere. <ref name="memory.loc.gov" /> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.archives.gov/exhibits/featured_documents/amendment_19/|title=Featured Document: The 19th Amendment|publisher=Archives.gov|accessdate=June 29, 2011|archivedate=December 18, 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121218110250/http://www.archives.gov/exhibits/featured_documents/amendment_19/}}</ref> N'afọ 1920, a kwadoro Ndezigharị nke Iri na itoolu, na-enye ụmụ nwanyị ikike ịtụ vootu; a na-ewere na mmeri ahụ kwụsịrị usoro mbụ nke ụmụ nwanyị.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=http://womenshistory.answers.com/feminism/what-are-the-three-waves-of-feminism|title=What Are the Three Waves of Feminism?|accessdate=June 30, 2014|work=Answers|author=Engel|first=Kerilynn|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140714235238/http://womenshistory.answers.com/feminism/what-are-the-three-waves-of-feminism|archivedate=July 14, 2014}}</ref> Margaret Higgins Sanger, Ọ bụ otu n’ime ndị mbụ n’America kwadoro ma kwalite iji usoro mgbochi ime (birth control). Ọ bụkwa onye nkuzi gbasara mmekọahụ, onye odee, na nọọsụ. Ọ mere ka okwu “birth control” (mgbochi ime) bụrụ nke a ma ama, mepee ụlọ ọgwụ mbụ maka mgbochi ime na United States n’afọ 1916, ma guzobe òtù dị iche iche nke mechara bụrụ ihe ndabere nke ha. Planned Parenthood Federation of America. Na 4 June 1919, United States Congress weputara Ndezigharị nke iri na itoolu na iwu US, na-enye ụmụ nwanyị ikike ịtụ vootu. A kwadoro ya na 18 Ọgọst 1920, na-egosi ihe dị ịrịba ama na nnọchite anya nhata maka ụmụ nwanyị na gọọmentị. <ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-09-21|title=19th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution: Women's Right to Vote (1920)|url=https://www.archives.gov/milestone-documents/19th-amendment|accessdate=2025-11-13|work=National Archives|language=en}}</ref> ==== Nkwado ụmụ nwanyị mgbe Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ gasịrị ==== Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ dugara na mmụba nke ụmụ nwanyị n'ime ndị ọrụ ma mee ka ụmụ nwanyị rụọ ọrụ na-enweta ego n'ebe ụmụ nwoke na-arụkarị.<ref name=":7" /> Site na 1940 ruo 1945, ọnụ ọgụgụ ụmụ nwanyị nọ n'ọrụ si na 28% ruo 37%.<ref name=":7">{{Cite web|title=How World War II Empowered Women|url=https://www.history.com/news/how-world-war-ii-empowered-women|accessdate=2020-10-19|work=www.history.com|date=2 July 2018|archivedate=2020-10-18|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20201018013831/https://www.history.com/news/how-world-war-ii-empowered-women}}</ref> Enweghị ụmụ nwoke n'ụlọ mere ka ọtụtụ ụmụ nwanyị na-arụ ọrụ n'ụlọ ọrụ: ka ọ na-erule 1943, otu ụzọ n'ụzọ atọ nke ndị ọrụ na ụlọ ọrụ Boeing na Seattle bụ ụmụ nwanyị.<ref>{{Cite book|author=Wayne|first=Tiffany|title=Women's Rights in the United States: A comprehensive encyclopedia of issues, events and people|publisher=ABC-CLIO, LLC|year=2019|isbn=9781610692151|location=Santa Barbara|pages=33–343}}</ref> Dị ka ọkọ akụkọ ihe mere eme Jane Marcellus si kwuo, ụmụ nwanyị nwere mgbanwe a na-ahụtụbeghị mbụ na otuto ọha na eze, ebe a na-aja ha mma dị ka ndị nwere ikike na ọgụgụ isi.<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal|author=Marcellus|first=Jane|date=2005|title=Bo's'n's Whistle': Representing "Rosie the Riveter" on the Job|url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/08821127.2005.10677641|journal=American Journalism|volume=22|issue=2|pages=83–108|doi=10.1080/08821127.2005.10677641|accessdate=2020-10-19}}</ref> A na-egosipụta nke a na mgbasa ozi dịka Rosie the Riveter's 'We Can Do It!' Slogan na 1941 okike nke Wonder Woman.<ref name=":2">{{Cite book|author=Honey|first=Maureen|title=Creating Rosie the Riveter: class, gender, and propaganda during World War II|publisher=University of Massachusetts Press|year=2003|isbn=1-122-05179-4|location=Amherst|pages=83–108}}</ref> Mbata ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu nke ụmụ nwanyị n’ọrụ na otu ụlọ mgbasa ozi si gosipụta ha n’ụzọ ọma mere ka ọtụtụ ụmụ nwanyị hụ na e nwere ọtụtụ ụzọ ndụ na ọrụ ha nwere ike ịhọrọ karịa ịbụ naanị nwunye na-elekọta ụlọ. Otú ọ dị, nkọwa a dị mkpirikpi nke ike ụmụ nwanyị bụ naanị ya ma ọ bụghị na ebumnuche ya ka ọ bụrụ nke na-adịte aka. Ụmụ nwanyị na-acha ọbara ọbara bụ ndị ikpeazụ a ga-atụle maka ọrụ mmepụta ihe na-akwụ ụgwọ dị elu. Ụmụ nwanyị Africa America nọgidere na-arụ ọrụ ụlọ maka $ 3- $ 7 kwa izu ma e jiri ya tụnyere ụmụ nwanyị ọcha na-enweta ihe ruru $ 40 kwa izu na ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe.<ref name=":3">{{Cite book|author=Mullenbach|first=Cheryl|title=Double Victory: How African American Women Broke Race and Gender Barriers to Help Win World War II|publisher=Chicago Review Press|year=2013|isbn=978-1-56976-808-2|location=Chicago|pages=5–38}}</ref> Ọzọkwa, mgbasa ozi dị ka Rosie the Riveter gosipụtara echiche dị mkpirikpi banyere ụmụ nwanyị na-arụ ọrụ: ndị ọcha, ndị mara mma, na ndị na-akpali ịhụ mba n'anya karịa mkpa akụ na ụba.<ref name=":2">{{Cite book|author=Honey|first=Maureen|title=Creating Rosie the Riveter: class, gender, and propaganda during World War II|publisher=University of Massachusetts Press|year=2003|isbn=1-122-05179-4|location=Amherst|pages=83–108}}</ref> Maka ụmụ nwanyị na-acha ọbara ọbara na ụmụ nwanyị na'ọrụ, Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ agbanweghị ọnọdụ akụ na ụba ma ọ bụ nke ọha mmadụ.<ref name=":2" /> Ọtụtụ n’ime ụmụ nwanyị sonyeere n’ọrụ laghachiri n’ọrụ ụlọ na ndụ ezinụlọ mgbe agha ahụ gasịrị. Akwụkwọ akụkọ na akwụkwọ mgbasa ozi ebe ọrụ, dịka Bo'sn's Whistle, na-akọwakarị ụmụ nwanyị n’asụsụ metụtara mmekọahụ ma na-egosi ha dị ka ndị na-adịghị ahụkebe n’ebe ọrụ ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe nke ụmụ nwoke na-achị.<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal|author=Marcellus|first=Jane|date=2005|title=Bo's'n's Whistle': Representing "Rosie the Riveter" on the Job|url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/08821127.2005.10677641|journal=American Journalism|volume=22|issue=2|pages=83–108|doi=10.1080/08821127.2005.10677641|accessdate=2020-10-19}}</ref> N'agbanyeghị nke ahụ, mgbe World War II kwụsịrị, Nzukọ Ndị Nwanyị America (Congress of American Women) nke afọ 1946, n'akwụkwọ ha kpọrọ “Position of the American Woman Today”, kwadoro ikike ụmụ nwanyị ojii na ụmụ nwanyị sitere n’otu agbụrụ nta ndị ọzọ. Mgbe ụmụ nwanyị ọcha na ụmụ nwanyị ojii rụkọrọ ọrụ ọnụ n’ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe n’oge agha ahụ, ụfọdụ akụkụ nke mmegharị feminism nke ụmụ nwanyị ọcha malitere ịnakwere echiche nke ịtụle otu agbụrụ, okike, na ụdị nrụgide ndị ọzọ si emetụta ndụ mmadụ (intersectionality) n’oge sochirinụ mgbe Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ gasịrị..<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Congress of American Women|date=2015|title=The Position of the American Woman Today|url=https://public.ebookcentral.proquest.com/choice/publicfullrecord.aspx?p=1899755|id={{ProQuest|1899755}}|journal=Women's Rights in the United States: A Comprehensive Encyclopedia of Issues, Events, and People|volume=3|pages=329–330}}<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles></ref> Akwụkwọ na-arịwanye elu na-egosi na ọ nweghị ụgwọ ọnwa ogologo oge maka ụmụ nwanyị n'oge a. Otú ọ dị, mmụba na-arịwanye elu na ego na ọnọdụ ọha na eze nke ụmụ nwanyị na-acha ọbara ọbara mere n'oge 1940 nwere mmetụta ogologo oge na echiche ụmụ nwanyị. Ka ọ na-erule n'afọ 1950, ọdịiche dị n'etiti ndị ọcha na ndị inyom Africa America ji pasent 15 belata.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Bailey|first=Martha J.|date=September 2006|title=The Wage Gains of African-American Women in the 1940s|url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/journal-of-economic-history/article/wage-gains-of-africanamerican-women-in-the-1940s/7A546A6555D9EA160A97FCDD3CE2C823|journal=The Journal of Economic History|language=en|volume=66|issue=3|pages=737–777|doi=10.1017/S0022050706000313|issn=1471-6372}}</ref> Mmegide megide ọrụ ụlọ malitere ịpụta na ngwụcha afọ 1940 ka a na-agba ụmụ nwanyị ume ịghọ ndị inyom na-elekọta ụlọ. Edemede Edith Stern nke afọ 1949, "Ndị inyom bụ ndị ohu ezinụlọ", pụtara dị ka mmalite mmalite nke echiche ụmụ nwanyị nke abụọ. Stern kwuru na "ọ bụrụhaala na usoro nke nne ụlọ n'ụdị ya dị ugbu a na-aga n'ihu, ma n'echiche ma n'ụzọ ọ bụla ọ na-egbochi ezigbo nnwere onwe ụmụ nwanyị".<ref name=":4">{{Cite journal|author=Stern|first=Edith|date=1949|title=Women are Household Slaves|url=https://public.ebookcentral.proquest.com/choice/publicfullrecord.aspx?p=1899755|journal=American Mercury|volume=68|pages=71–76|id={{ProQuest|1899755}}}}<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles></ref> O jiri ọnọdụ ụmụ nwanyị tụnyere nke ndị na-ekere òkè ma kwuo okwu megide enweghị afọ ojuju mmetụta uche na ọgụgụ isi nke ụmụ nwanyị America.<ref name=":4" /> Edemede Stern bụ otu n'ime arụmụka mbụ nke kwuru maka nnwere onwe ụmụ nwanyị n'ihe gbasara ụlọ. Otú ọ dị, afọ 1950 hụrụ nloghachi na ọrụ nwoke na nwanyị ọdịnala na ụkpụrụ. Ọnụ ọgụgụ ụmụ nwanyị na-arụ ọrụ belatara site na 37% ruo 32% site na 1950 n'ihi na ụmụ nwanyị na - ahapụ ọrụ ha maka ụmụ nwoke na-alọta site na agha. Mgbasa ozi mekwara ka ọrụ ụmụ nwanyị na-arụ n'ụlọ ike karịa ịgba ụmụ nwanyị ume ịrụ ọrụ dịka ọ dị naanị afọ iri gara aga. Ka ọ na-erule 1956, 67% nke ezinụlọ ndị America nwere telivishọn ma e jiri ya tụnyere naanị 6% na 1949.<ref name=":5">{{Cite journal|url=https://doi.org/10.1353/jowh.2019.0005|doi=10.1353/jowh.2019.0005|title=Refashioning Feminism: American Vogue, the Second Wave, and the Transition to Postfeminism|year=2019|author=Lebovic|first=Anna|journal=Journal of Women's History|volume=31|pages=109–132}}</ref> Ihe odide ndị dị ka June Cleaver na "Leave it to Beaver" toro ihe odide ụmụ nwanyị dị ka ndị na-elekọta ụlọ n'okpuru nnukwu ndị na-ege ntị nke ụmụ nwanyị America. Otú ọ dị, dị ka Anna Lebovic si kwuo, magazin ụmụ nwanyị dị ka Vogue na 1950s guzobere ntọala maka ụmụ nwanyị nke abụọ site n'ịkwado mmelite onwe onye na ọdịdị nke ụmụ nwanyị.<ref name=":5">{{Cite journal|url=https://doi.org/10.1353/jowh.2019.0005|doi=10.1353/jowh.2019.0005|title=Refashioning Feminism: American Vogue, the Second Wave, and the Transition to Postfeminism|year=2019|author=Lebovic|first=Anna|journal=Journal of Women's History|volume=31|pages=109–132}}</ref> N'otu aka ahụ, nnyocha e mere n'afọ 1951 banyere ụmụ nwanyị ndị rụburu ọrụ ma ọ bụ ka na-arụ ọrụ n'ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe (factory) gosiri na ụmụ nwanyị na-egosipụta iwe na enweghị afọ ojuju banyere ịkpa ókè n'ebe ọrụ. Karịsịa, pasent 75 kwuru na ha chọrọ ịnọgide na-arụ ọrụ n'ọrụ ụlọ ọrụ ha ma gosipụta enweghị afọ ojuju na ọ na-esiri ha ike ịchụso ọrụ dịka nke ire ahịa (sales), agụmakwụkwọ mahadum (academia), ma ọ bụ nta akụkọ (journalism)..<ref name=":6">{{Cite book|author=Wayne|first=Tiffany|title=Women's Rights in the United States : A Comprehensive Encyclopedia of Issues, Events, and People|publisher=ABC-CLIO|year=2014|isbn=9781610692144|pages=339}}</ref> N'agbanyeghị eziokwu ahụ bụ na a na-akọwa afọ 1950 dị ka nloghachi n'ụlọ maka ụmụ nwanyị, enwere ihe atụ na ụmụ nwanyị na-arụ ọrụ n'oge Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ setịpụrụ ọnọdụ maka oge nke abụọ nke ụmụ nwanyị nke afọ 1960. Nzukọ kọleji na 1950s, nke kpaliri ihe ịrịba ama Betty Friedan "The Feminine Mystique" bụ ebe ụmụ nwanyị nọ n'ọkwá dị n'etiti na-ekwu maka ike ọgwụgwụ ha na-arụ ọrụ n'ụlọ ma site n'ime nke a na-achọpụta iwe ha na "ọgwụ ọjọọ" nke ịbụ onye na-elekọta ụlọ.<ref name=":6">{{Cite book|author=Wayne|first=Tiffany|title=Women's Rights in the United States : A Comprehensive Encyclopedia of Issues, Events, and People|publisher=ABC-CLIO|year=2014|isbn=9781610692144|pages=339}}</ref> Ọ bụ ezie na afọ 1940 na 1950 emeghị ka e nwee ọganihu ọhụrụ nke ụmụ nwanyị ma ọ bụ ọtụtụ akwụkwọ ụmụ nwanyị, oge a tọrọ ntọala maka echiche ụmụ nwanyị n'ọdịnihu.<ref name=":3">{{Cite book|author=Mullenbach|first=Cheryl|title=Double Victory: How African American Women Broke Race and Gender Barriers to Help Win World War II|publisher=Chicago Review Press|year=2013|isbn=978-1-56976-808-2|location=Chicago|pages=5–38}}</ref> === Ugboro nke Abụọ nke Ụmụ nwanyị === Ugboro nke Abụọ nke Ụmụ nwanyị na United States malitere na mbido afọ 1960. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.awoman.org/secondwave.html|title=Second Wave Feminist|date=Jan 2014|accessdate=June 30, 2014|work=Association of Women Professionals|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140714215105/http://www.awoman.org/secondwave.html|archivedate=July 14, 2014}}</ref> N'ime ihe ka ukwuu n'afọ ndị 60 na njedebe n'afọ 1970, oge nke abụọ nke ụmụ nwanyị na-agbaso ụkpụrụ, "nke onwe bụ nke ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị". N'afọ 1963, Betty Friedan, nke The Second Sex metụtara, dere akwụkwọ kacha ere ahịa The Feminine Mystique nke o ji n'ụzọ doro anya megide onyinyo mgbasa ozi nke ụmụ nwanyị, na-ekwu na itinye ụmụ nwanyị n'ụlọ na-egbochi ohere ha, ma mebie nkà na ikike ha. O dere, onyinyo ezinụlọ zuru oke nke e gosipụtara ma na-ere ahịa n'oge ahụ, egosighi obi ụtọ ma na-emebi ụmụ nwanyị. A na-ekwu na akwụkwọ a malitere usoro nke abụọ nke ụmụ nwanyị na United States. Ọzọkwa na 1963, onye nta akụkọ na-arụ ọrụ n'onwe ya Gloria Steinem nwetara ewu ewu n'etiti ndị na-ahụ maka ụmụ nwanyị mgbe e bipụtara akwụkwọ akụkọ o dere mgbe ọ na-arụkọ ọrụ na nzuzo dị ka onye na-ere Playboy Bunny na Playboy Club dị ka akụkụ abụọ na mbipụta May na June nke Show. <ref name="steinfem">{{Cite book|title=The Sixties Chronicle|first=David|author=Farber|publisher=Legacy Publishing|year=2004|isbn=141271009X}}</ref> Steinem kwuru na klọb ahụ na-emegbu ndị na-ere nri ya iji nweta ndị ahịa nwoke ma jiri Playboy Bunnies mee ihe dị ka ihe nnọchianya nke chauvinism nwoke, na-ekwu na akwụkwọ ntuziaka klọb nyere Bunnies ntụziaka na "e nwere ọtụtụ ụzọ na-atọ ụtọ ha nwere ike iji kpalie ọnụ ọgụgụ mmanya na-aba n'anya nke klọb". <ref name="steinfem" /> Ka ọ na-erule afọ ime iwu kwadoro na nlekọta ụbọchị n'efu na-aghọ ebumnuche abụọ na-eduga maka ndị inyom. <ref name="steinfem2">{{Cite book|title=The Sixties Chronicle|first=David|author=Farber|publisher=Legacy Publishing|year=2004|isbn=141271009X}}</ref> Nzukọ ahụ toro na mmeri iwu dị ka Iwu Ịkwụ Ụgwọ Ọha nke 1963, Isi nke VII nke Iwu Ikike Obodo nke 1964 (nke machibidoro ịkpa ókè nwoke na nwanyị n'ọrụ), na Griswold v. Ikpe Kasị Elu nke Connecticut nke 1965 (nke kwadoro ikike ịchịkwa ọmụmụ maka di na nwunye).<ref>{{Cite book|title=Climbing the Academic Ladder: Doctoral Women Scientists in Academe : a Report to the Office of Science and Technology Policy from the Committee on the Education and Employment of Women in Science and Engineering, Commission on Human Resources, National Research Council|author=Hornig|first=Lilli S.|publisher=National Academy of Sciences|date=Jan 1, 1979|isbn=0309028809|location=Washington DC}}</ref><ref name="archives.gov">{{Cite web|url=https://www.archives.gov/education/lessons/civil-rights-act/|title=Teaching With Documents: The Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission|accessdate=July 12, 2014|work=National Archives and Records Administration Website|publisher=National Archives and Records Administration|archivedate=July 14, 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140714101656/http://www.archives.gov/education/lessons/civil-rights-act/}}</ref><ref name="lobby.la.psu.edu">{{Cite web|url=http://lobby.la.psu.edu/013_Contraceptive_Coverage/organizational_statements/Planned_Parenthood/Planned_Parenthood_The_Impact_of_Legal_Birth_Control.htm|title=Griswold v. Connecticut, The Impact of Legal Birth Control and the Challenges that Remain|date=May 2000|accessdate=July 12, 2014|work=Planned Parenthood Federation of America|publisher=Katharine Dexter McCormick Library|archivedate=July 14, 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140714210413/http://lobby.la.psu.edu/013_Contraceptive_Coverage/organizational_statements/Planned_Parenthood/Planned_Parenthood_The_Impact_of_Legal_Birth_Control.htm}}</ref> N'afọ 1966, Betty Friedan sonyeere ụmụ nwanyị na ụmụ nwoke ndị ọzọ iji guzobe National Organization for Women (NOW); a ga-akpọ Friedan dịka onye isi oche mbụ nke nzukọ ahụ.<ref name="fredianfap">{{Cite book|title=The Sixties Chronicle|first=David|author=Farber|publisher=Legacy Publishing|year=2004|isbn=141271009X}}</ref> Otu n'ime mmeri iwu kachasị mkpa nke òtù ahụ na ngwụcha afọ 1960 mgbe e guzobere NOW na 1966 bụ Iwu Nchịkwa nke 1967 nke na-agbatị ikike zuru oke maka ụmụ nwanyị, Eisenstadt v. Baird (1972), nke Ụlọikpe Kasị Elu kpebiri na ndị na-alụbeghị di nwere otu ikike ịchịkwa ọmụmụ dị ka ndị lụrụ di, na iwu kwadoro ịgba alụkwaghịm na-enweghị mmejọ (ọ bụ ezie na ọ bụghị iwu kwadoro na steeti niile ruo 2010). Nzukọ ahụ nwetara mmeri ndị ọzọ n'afọ ndị 1970. The Title X Family Planning Program, nke a maara dị ka Public Law 91-572 ma ọ bụ "Population Research and Voluntary Family Planning Programme" ka e mere n'okpuru Onye isi ala Richard Nixon na 1970 dị ka akụkụ nke Public Health Service Act; ọ bụ naanị mmemme enyemaka gọọmentị etiti raara nye naanị inye ndị mmadụ atụmatụ ezinụlọ zuru oke na ọrụ mgbochi metụtara ya. Ikpe Ụlọikpe Kasị Elu Reed v. Reed (1971), bụ ikpe nke Ụlọikpe Kasụ Elu na nke mbụ ya tinyere Nkwupụta Nchebe Ọha nke Ndezigharị nke 14 iji kpochapụ iwu nke na-akpa ókè megide ụmụ nwanyị.<ref name="archives.gov">{{Cite web|url=https://www.archives.gov/education/lessons/civil-rights-act/|title=Teaching With Documents: The Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission|accessdate=July 12, 2014|work=National Archives and Records Administration Website|publisher=National Archives and Records Administration|archivedate=July 14, 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140714101656/http://www.archives.gov/education/lessons/civil-rights-act/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.nwlc.org/resource/reed-v-reed-40-landmark-decision|title=Reed v. Reed at 40: A Landmark Decision|date=November 14, 2011|accessdate=July 12, 2014|work=National Women's Law Center (NWLC)|author=McCarthy|first=Angie|archivedate=July 14, 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140714220229/http://www.nwlc.org/resource/reed-v-reed-40-landmark-decision}}</ref> Ọzọkwa, ọ bụ ezie na Iwu Ịkwụ Ụgwọ Ọha nke 1963 ekpuchighị ndị isi, ndị nchịkwa, ndị na-ere ahịa n'èzí, na ndị ọkachamara, Ndezigharị Mmụta nke 1972 dezigharịrị ya ka o wee mee.<ref name="books.google.com">{{Cite book|title=Climbing the Academic Ladder: Doctoral Women Scientists in Academe, a Report to the Office of Science and Technology Policy|publisher=National Academies and The Committee on the Education and Employment of Women in Science and Engineering, Commission on Human Resources, National Research Council|year=1979|isbn=9780309028806|location=Washington DC|accessdate=July 12, 2014|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=00IrAAAAYAAJ}}</ref> Ọzọkwa na 1972, ikpe Ụlọikpe Kasị Elu ''Eisenstadt na Baird'' kwadoro ikike igbochi ọmụmụ maka ndị na-alụbeghị di.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://rhrealitycheck.org/article/2013/03/22/today-marks-the-41st-anniversary-of-legal-contraception-for-single-people/|title=Eisenstadt v. Baird: The 41st Anniversary of Legal Contraception for Single People|date=March 22, 2013|accessdate=July 12, 2014|work=RH Reality Check|author=Dunlap|first=Bridgette|archivedate=June 22, 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170622132445/http://rhrealitycheck.org/article/2013/03/22/today-marks-the-41st-anniversary-of-legal-contraception-for-single-people/}}</ref> N'afọ ahụ kwa, Isi nke IX nke Ndezigharị Mmụta nke 1972 machibidoro ịkpa ókè nwoke na nwanyị n'ụlọ akwụkwọ ọha na eze na kọleji ọha. <ref name="ReferenceA">{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1992/02/27/us/court-opens-path-for-student-suits-in-sex-bias-cases.html|title=Court opens path for student suits in sex-bias cases|date=February 27, 1992|accessdate=July 12, 2014|work=[[The New York Times]]|author=Greenhouse|first=Linda}}</ref> N'afọ 1973, ikpe ''Roe na Wade'' nke Ụlọikpe Kasị Elu kwadoro ite ime.<ref name="nytimes.com">{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1997/01/05/us/abortion-rate-in-1994-hit-a-20-year-low.html|title=Abortion Rate in 1994 Hit a 20-Year Low|date=January 5, 1997|accessdate=July 12, 2014|work=The New York Times}}</ref> N'afọ 1974, Iwu Equal Credit Opportunity mere ka ndị na-akwụ ụgwọ megide ndị na-achọ ịkwụ ụgwọ bụrụ ndị omempụ ịkpa ókè nwoke na nwanyị. <ref name="ford.utexas.edu">{{Cite web|url=http://www.ford.utexas.edu/library/document/factbook/women.htm|title=President Ford '76 Fact Book, Women|accessdate=July 12, 2014|work=Gerald R. Ford Library|archivedate=September 24, 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924014549/http://www.ford.utexas.edu/library/document/factbook/women.htm}}</ref><ref name="justice.gov">{{Cite web|url=http://www.justice.gov/crt/about/hce/housing_ecoa.php|title=The Equal Credit Opportunity Act, by the United States Department of Justice|accessdate=July 12, 2014|work=United States Department of Justice|archivedate=July 13, 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140713070531/http://www.justice.gov/crt/about/hce/housing_ecoa.php}}</ref> Ọzọkwa na 1974 a gbakwunyere mmekọahụ dị ka klas echedoro n'okpuru Fair Housing Act, si otú a machibido ịkpa ókè nwoke na nwanyị n'ụlọ iwu.<ref name="bostonfairhousing.org">{{Cite web|url=http://www.bostonfairhousing.org/timeline/1968-Fair-Housing-Act.html|title=1968: Federal Fair Housing Act|accessdate=July 12, 2014|work=bostonfairhousing.org|publisher=The Fair Housing Center of Greater Boston|archivedate=February 21, 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150221055525/http://www.bostonfairhousing.org/timeline/1968-Fair-Housing-Act.html}}</ref> N'afọ 1974, e weputara iwu gbasara agụmakwụkwọ ụmụ nwanyị. Mpụ nke ndina n'ike n'alụmdi na nwunye na United States malitere n'etiti afọ ndị 1970 ma site na 1993 ndina n'ime alụmdi na nwunye ghọrọ mpụ na steeti 50 niile, n'okpuru ọ dịkarịa ala otu akụkụ nke iwu mmebi iwu mmekọahụ. N'afọ 1978, e wepụtara Iwu Ịkpa Ókè n'Ime; ọ bụ Iwu gọọmentị etiti United States nke gbanwere Isi nke asaa nke Iwu Ikike Obodo nke 1964 iji "machibido ịkpa ókè nwoke na nwanyị na ndabere nke ime ime". <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.eeoc.gov/laws/statutes/pregnancy.cfm|title=Text of the Act from the United States Equal Employment Opportunity Commission|accessdate=2015-05-28|archivedate=2014-01-23|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140123142611/http://www1.eeoc.gov/laws/statutes/pregnancy.cfm}}</ref> Nnukwu mmechuihu nke usoro ụmụ nwanyị nke abụọ na United States bụ President Nixon's 1972 veto of the Comprehensive Child Development Bill of 1972, nke ga-enye ọtụtụ ijeri dollar National daycare system. Mmegharị feminizim n'ọgwụgwụ afọ ndị 1970, nke òtù National Organization for Women (NOW) duru, nwara obere oge ịmalite mmemme iji nyere ụmụ nwanyị ndị agadi a gbara alụkwaghịm na ndị di ha nwụrụ anwụ aka. Ọtụtụ ụmụ nwanyị di ha nwụrụ anwụ erughị eru ịnata uru nchekwa ọha (Social Security), ole na ole n'ime ndị a gbara alụkwaghịm na-enweta n'ezie ụgwọ nkwado di ma ọ bụ nwunye (alimony), ma mgbe ọtụtụ afọ nke ịrụ ọrụ dịka ndị na-elekọta ụlọ, ole na ole n'ime ha nwere nkà dị mkpa iji sonye n'ọrụ akwụ ụgwọ. Otú ọ dị, mmemme ahụ zutere nkatọ siri ike sitere n'aka ndị na-eme ngagharị iwe na-eto eto, bụ ndị nyere ụmụ nwanyị ogbenye sitere n'ìgwè agbụrụ pere mpe mkpa karịa ụmụ nwanyị nke etiti klaasị (middle class). Ka ọ na-erule afọ 1980, NOW belatara nkwado ya maka mmemme ahụ n'ihi na ọ malitere ilekwasị anya fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ naanị na Equal Rights Amendment (ERA). Phyllis Schlafly, onye ndu ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na-akwado ọdịnala (conservative), jiri ohere a pụtara mee ihe. Ọ katọrọ ndị feminisiti maka ịhapụ ụmụ nwanyị ndị agadi nke etiti klaasị, karịsịa ndị di ha nwụrụ anwụ na ndị a gbara alụkwaghịm chọrọ enyemaka. Ọ dọkwara aka ná ntị na ERA ga-eme ka iwu bụrụ otu maka uru ụmụ nwoke, ma wepụkwa nchedo iwu ndị ụmụ nwanyị ndị agadi chọrọ nke ukwuu. Isi mmechuihu nke mmegharị nke abụọ nke ụmụ nwanyị na United States bụ ọdịda iji kwado Federal Equal Rights Amendment. Ọ na-ekwu, "Ịha nhata nke ikike n'okpuru iwu agaghị agọnahụ ma ọ bụ belata site na United States ma ọ bụ steeti ọ bụla n'ihi mmekọahụ. " <ref name="tavanna">{{Cite web|url=https://tavaana.org/en/content/1960s-70s-american-feminist-movement-breaking-down-barriers-women|title=The 1960s–70s American Feminist Movement: Breaking Down Barriers for Women|accessdate=July 12, 2014|work=tavaana.org|publisher=E-Collaborative for Civic Education|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140714202132/https://tavaana.org/en/content/1960s-70s-american-feminist-movement-breaking-down-barriers-women|archivedate=July 14, 2014}}</ref> Oge a kara aka maka nkwenye nke Ndezigharị Ikike Ọha gwụrụ na 1982. <ref name="equalrightsamendment">{{Cite web|url=http://www.equalrightsamendment.org/overview.htm|title=The Equal Rights Amendment Unfinished Business for the Constitution|accessdate=July 12, 2014|work=www.equalrightsamendment.org|archivedate=October 29, 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141029205216/http://www.equalrightsamendment.org/overview.htm}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.jofreeman.com/feminism/socrevera.htm|title=Social Revolution and the Equal Rights Amendment|accessdate=27 November 2014|archivedate=14 March 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180314161515/http://www.jofreeman.com/feminism/socrevera.htm}}</ref> Ọ bụ ezie na United States bịanyere aka na [[Nkwekọrịta maka iwepụ ụdị ịkpa ókè niile megide ụmụ nwanyị]] na 1980, ọ dịtụbeghị mgbe a kwadoro ya.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://treaties.un.org/Pages/ViewDetails.aspx?src=TREATY&mtdsg_no=IV-8&chapter=4&lang=en|title=UNTC|publisher=Treaties.un.org|accessdate=2018-02-09|archivedate=2015-09-06|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150906035454/https://treaties.un.org/Pages/ViewDetails.aspx?src=TREATY&mtdsg_no=IV-8&chapter=4&lang=en}}</ref> Ọtụtụ ndị ọkọ akụkọ ihe mere eme na-ele oge nke abụọ nke ụmụ nwanyị na America anya dị ka njedebe na mmalite afọ 1980 na Feminist Sex Wars, nkewa n'ime mmegharị ahụ n'ihe ndị dị ka mmekọahụ na ihe na-akpali agụụ mmekọahụ. Esemokwu ndị a butere oge nke atọ nke ụmụ nwanyị na mbido afọ 1990. <ref name="Duggan">{{Cite book|author=Duggan, Lisa|title=Sex wars: sexual dissent and political culture|year=1995|publisher=Routledge|location=New York|isbn=0-415-91036-6|url=https://archive.org/details/sexwarssexualdis0000dugg}}</ref> <ref name="Hansen">{{Cite book|author=Hansen, Karen Tranberg|title=Women, class, and the feminist imagination: a socialist-feminist reader|year=1990|publisher=Temple University Press|location=Philadelphia|isbn=0-87722-630-X|url=https://archive.org/details/womenclassfemini0000unse}}</ref> <ref name="Gerhard">{{Cite book|author=Gerhard, Jane F.|title=Desiring revolution: second-wave feminism and the rewriting of American sexual thought, 1920 to 1982|year=2001|publisher=Columbia University Press|location=New York|isbn=0-231-11204-1}}</ref><ref name="Leidholdt">{{Cite book|author=Leidholdt, Dorchen|authorlink=Dorchen Leidholdt|title=The Sexual liberals and the attack on feminism|year=1990|publisher=Pergamon Press|location=New York|isbn=0-08-037457-3}}</ref><ref name="Vance">{{Cite book|author=Vance, Carole S|title=Pleasure and Danger: Exploring Female Sexuality|year=1989|publisher=Thorsons Publishers|isbn=0-04-440593-6}}</ref> ==== Ọrụ mmekọahụ azụmahịa ==== Na San Francisco na 1973, e guzobere Call Off Your Tired Old Ethics (COYOTE) ka ọ bụrụ òtù mbụ na-ahụ maka ikike ndị ọrụ mmekọahụ na America.<ref name=":02">{{Cite journal|author=Weitzer|first=Ronald|date=1991|title=Prostitutes' Rights in the United States: The Failure of a Movement|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/4121439|journal=The Sociological Quarterly|volume=32|issue=1|pages=23–41|doi=10.1111/j.1533-8525.1991.tb00343.x|issn=0038-0253|accessdate=2021-12-12}}</ref> Malite site na Margo St. James, onye na-akpọ onwe ya onye onye na-ahụ maka ụmụ nwanyị na onye na-arụ ọrụ mmekọahụ, COYOTE rụrụ ọrụ iji nye ndị ọrụ mmekọahụ ikike ọrụ na mkpebi onwe onye mmekọahụ. N'otu afọ ahụ, National Organization for Women (NOW) dere mkpebi iji kwado COYOTE, na-akpọ maka iwepụ ịgba akwụna.<ref name=":02" /> Mgbe nke a gasịrị, COYOTE na NOW rụkọtara ọrụ ọnụ iji lụọ ọgụ iji mee ka Ndezigharị Ikike Ịha nhata (ERA), nke emesiri ghara ịgafe. N'afọ 1978, e mere nzukọ ụmụ nwanyị mbụ gbasara ụlọ ọrụ na-ese ihe na-akpali agụụ mmekọahụ na San Francisco.<ref name=":12">{{Cite journal|author=Whisnant|first=Rebecca|date=2007|title=Pornography and Pop Culture: Backlash And a Feminism that is Contrary to Feminism|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/20838776|journal=Off Our Backs|volume=37|issue=1|pages=58–61|issn=0030-0071}}</ref> N'afọ sochirinụ, ihe karịrị ụmụ nwanyị 5,000 mere ngagharị na Times Square megide ihe na-akpali agụụ mmekọahụ, na-eme ka mmegide ụmụ nwanyị na-akpụ agụụ mmekọahụ sie ike. Ndị na-emegide ihe nkiri na-akpali agụụ mmekọahụ lere ihe na-akpụ akpụ anya dị ka ụzọ doro anya na nke mmekọahụ nke ụmụ nwoke na-edo ụmụ nwanyị n'okpuru ma na-eme ka ha ghara ịbụ mmadụ. Ha boro ihe na-akpali agụụ mmekọahụ ụta maka ọtụtụ n'ime ndina n'ike, ịgba akwụna, na mwakpo dị na United States. <ref name=":62">{{Cite book|author=Kahn, Karen|title=Frontline feminism 1975–1995: essays from Sojourner's first 20 years|date=1995|publisher=Aunt Lute Books|isbn=1-879960-43-5|oclc=33014111}}</ref> N'afọ 1983, e dere iwu na-emegide ihe na-akpali agụụ mmekọahụ, nke Catharine MacKinnon na Andrea Dworkin dere ma chepụta, na Kansụl Obodo Minneapolis.<ref name=":12" /> N'ikpeazụ, otu ìgwè ndị mmadụ meriri iwu ahụ bụ ndị chere na ụzọ ndị na-emegide ihe nkiri na-akpali agụụ mmekọahụ si ese mmetụta nke ihe nkiri na'akpali agụụ ahụ bụ nke na-akpa ókè nwoke na nwanyị ma mee ka ụmụ nwanyị, ọkachasị ndị na-arụ ọrụ mmekọahụ, yie ka ha enweghị ike inye nkwenye.<ref name=":62" /> Mmeghachi omume sitere n'aka ndị na-emegide ihe na-akpali agụụ mmekọahụ mere ka otu akụkụ nke ndị na-akwado ụmụ nwanyị na-akpọ onwe ha "fuck me femists".<ref name=":12" /> Ndị a bụ ụmụ nwanyị ndị kwadoro onwe ha site n’ịkpọghachi ma weghara echiche nke ime ka a na-ele ha anya dịka ihe mmekọahụ na mmegbu nke a na-ejibu megide ha. Ọ bụ ezie na nke a nwere ike ịpụta dịka echiche na-akwado ọrụ mmekọahụ (sex work), ọtụtụ n’ime ndị a a na-akpọ “feminists nke ụdị ‘fuck me’” na-ele ndị ọrụ mmekọahụ anya dịka ndị a na-emegbu ma ọ bụ ndị bụ ndị a na-akpagbu; ya mere, ha kwenyere na ndị a enweghị ike ịhọrọ n’eziokwu ihe na-eme n’ahụ ha..<ref name=":12" /> Ka ọ na-erule afọ 1985, nkwado a na-enye ịgba akwụna (prostitution) na ndị na-arụ ọrụ mmekọahụ (sex workers) na United States belatara nke ukwuu, ọkachasị n'ime mmegharị feminizim.<ref name=":22">{{Cite journal|author=Beloso|first=Brooke Meredith|date=2012-09-01|title=Sex, Work, and the Feminist Erasure of Class|url=https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/10.1086/665808|journal=Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society|volume=38|issue=1|pages=47–70|doi=10.1086/665808|issn=0097-9740|accessdate=2021-12-12}}</ref> Nke a bụ, n'otu akụkụ, n'ihi echiche dịgasị iche iche banyere isiokwu ahụ nke ndị otu ụmụ nwanyị nwere. Echiche kachasị mkpa, nke ndị akwụna US Collective na Women Hurt na Systems of Prostitution Engaged in Revolt (WHISPER), kwadoro decriminalization dị ka ihe na-agafe agafe, mana n'ikpeazụ kwenyere na mwepụ nke ịgba akwụna.<ref name=":02">{{Cite journal|author=Weitzer|first=Ronald|date=1991|title=Prostitutes' Rights in the United States: The Failure of a Movement|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/4121439|journal=The Sociological Quarterly|volume=32|issue=1|pages=23–41|doi=10.1111/j.1533-8525.1991.tb00343.x|issn=0038-0253|accessdate=2021-12-12}}</ref> ===== Echiche dị iche iche nke ụmụ nwanyị banyere ọrụ mmekọahụ ===== E nwere ọtụtụ akụkụ dị iche iche n'ime òtù ụmụ nwanyị, akụkụ ọ bụla na-ewere nguzo nke ya n'okwu ọrụ mmekọahụ. Ndị na-akwado ụmụ nwanyị Marxist kwenyere na ịgba akwụna bụ nsonaazụ nke akụrụngwa, ya mere, ndị na-arụ ọrụ mmekọahụ na-erigbu ndị na-achị achị, ma nke ahụ bụ onye na-ere ahịa ma ọ bụ nna ochie.<ref name=":32">{{Cite journal|author=Robinson|first=Cynthia Cole|date=2007|title=CHAPTER TWO: Feminist Theory and Prostitution|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/42979426|journal=Counterpoints|volume=302|pages=21–36|issn=1058-1634|accessdate=2021-12-12}}</ref> Ndị na-akwado ụmụ nwanyị Marxist kwenyere na ndị akwụna na-anọchi anya uru ụmụ nwanyị na ọha mmadụ, yana otu esi atụ uru nwanyị na mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya, mmekọahụ, na akụ na ụba.<ref name=":22">{{Cite journal|author=Beloso|first=Brooke Meredith|date=2012-09-01|title=Sex, Work, and the Feminist Erasure of Class|url=https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/10.1086/665808|journal=Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society|volume=38|issue=1|pages=47–70|doi=10.1086/665808|issn=0097-9740|accessdate=2021-12-12}}</ref> Ndị na-akwado ụmụ nwanyị Marxist na-adaba n'òtù abolition nke ndị na-akwado nwanyị, ha na-ele iwepụ ịgba akwụna anya dị ka ogidi dị mkpa maka iwepu ndị isi. Ndị na-akwado ụmụ nwanyị na-ekwu na mgbọrọgwụ nke mmegbu ụmụ nwanyị dị na mmekọahụ, mmekọahụ bụ ihe ndị ikom ga-ezu ohi, ree, zụta, zụọ, ma ọ bụ gbanwere.<ref name=":32">{{Cite journal|author=Robinson|first=Cynthia Cole|date=2007|title=CHAPTER TWO: Feminist Theory and Prostitution|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/42979426|journal=Counterpoints|volume=302|pages=21–36|issn=1058-1634|accessdate=2021-12-12}}</ref> Ndị na-ahụ maka ụmụ nwanyị na-ele ịgba akwụna anya ọ bụghị dị ka ụlọ ọrụ, kama, dị ka ọnọdụ ụmụ nwanyị niile na-ahụ onwe ha. N'ihi na ha na-ele mmekọahụ niile anya dị ka ime ihe ike na imegbu ụmụ nwanyị, ndị na-akwado ụmụ nwanyị kwenyere na mwepụ nke ọrụ mmekọahụ.<ref name=":32" /> A na-ekewa ndị na-ahụ maka ụmụ nwanyị n'ụzọ na-enweghị isi n'etiti arụmụka nke ma ọrụ mmekọahụ niile na-eweda ụmụ nwanyị ala, na arụmụka na ọrụ mmekọahụ bụ ọrụ, a ga-emekwa ya dị ka nke a. N'ụzọ ọ bụla, ndị na-ahụ maka ụmụ nwanyị nwere nnwere onwe kwenyere na iwu kwadoro ọrụ mmekọahụ, dịka mpụ machibidoro ikike ụmụ nwanyị nwere ịchịkwa ahụ ha.<ref name=":32">{{Cite journal|author=Robinson|first=Cynthia Cole|date=2007|title=CHAPTER TWO: Feminist Theory and Prostitution|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/42979426|journal=Counterpoints|volume=302|pages=21–36|issn=1058-1634|accessdate=2021-12-12}}</ref> Ndị na-ahụ maka ọtụtụ ụmụ nwanyị na-ajụ echiche abụọ nke ndị ọzọ na-ahụ ụwa. Ha anaghị ele ụwa anya dị ka nke nwere ihe na ihe ọjọọ, ma ọ bụ ihe dị mma na ihe na-adịghị mma, ebe ọ na-emepụta binaries ebe a na-eto otu ụdị echiche, ma na-akatọ nke ọzọ.<ref name=":32">{{Cite journal|author=Robinson|first=Cynthia Cole|date=2007|title=CHAPTER TWO: Feminist Theory and Prostitution|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/42979426|journal=Counterpoints|volume=302|pages=21–36|issn=1058-1634|accessdate=2021-12-12}}</ref> Mgbe ọ na-abịa n'ọrụ mmekọahụ, echiche ndị inyom na-ahụ maka mmekọahụ enweghị echiche a kapịrị ọnụ banyere iwu. Kama nke ahụ, ha kwenyere na ndị ọrụ mmekọahụ kwesịrị ikwu okwu megide mkparị nke ha nke binary mepụtara, nakwa na ndị na-ahụ maka ụmụ nwanyị kwesịrị iburu echiche na ahụmịhe ndị ọrụ mmekọahụ n'uche mgbe ha na-emepụta nke ha.<ref name=":32" /> N'ihi ọtụtụ nkewa n'ime òtù ụmụ nwanyị na isiokwu nke ọrụ mmekọahụ, nnukwu òtù dị ka NOW họọrọ ilekwasị anya n'ihe gbasara ikike ụmụ nwanyị zuru ụwa ọnụ dịka ite ime.<ref name=":42">{{Cite book|author=Critchlow|first=Donald T.|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctv16qjz6b|title=In Defense of Populism: Protest and American Democracy|date=2020|publisher=University of Pennsylvania Press|isbn=978-0-8122-5276-7|accessdate=2021-12-12}}</ref> Ọ bụ ezie na ọ ka na-ese okwu, ikike ọmụmụ dị obere ma hapụ ndị inyom kewara naanị abụọ ma ọ bụ karịa nkewa, kama ọtụtụ. Tụkwasị na nke a, ikike ịmụ nwa nwere mmetụta na nwanyị ọ bụla na mba a, kama otu ìgwè ụmụ nwanyị, nke mere ka ọ dịkwuo mma maka nnukwu òtù.<ref name=":42" /> Ndị na-ahụ maka ụmụ nwanyị anaghị anabata ndị ọrụ mmekọahụ mgbe niile, ọbụna ndị na-ahụ Maka ụmụ nwanyị na-akwado iwepụ ma ọ bụ iwu nke ọrụ mmekọahụ. Ha mepụtara oghere dị nchebe maka ụmụ nwanyị, ọkachasị ụmụ nwanyị na-edina nwoke, ebe ndị na-ahụ maka ụmụ nwanyị nwere ike ikwu okwu ma bụrụ onwe ha.<ref name=":52">{{Cite journal|author=Enke|first=Anne|date=2003|title=Smuggling Sex through the Gates: Race, Sexuality, and the Politics of Space in Second Wave Feminism|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/30041999|journal=American Quarterly|volume=55|issue=4|pages=635–667|doi=10.1353/aq.2003.0038|issn=0003-0678|accessdate=2021-12-12}}</ref> Ikike iji ahụ ha na mmekọahụ dị oke mkpa n'ebe ndị a dị nchebe, ụmụ nwanyị na-agba egwú ọnụ, mgbe ụfọdụ na-ewepụ elu ha dị ka ngosipụta nke nkasi obi na nwanyị ha.<ref name=":52" /> N'agbanyeghị ebumnuche nke ebe ndị a bụ ebe dị nchebe maka ụmụ nwanyị, o mere ka o doo anya na ebe ndị a abụghị ndị rụrụ arụ, nke pụtara na ebe ụfọdụ ụmụ nwoke nwere ike iburu ụmụ nwanyị ka ha nwee mmekọahụ, ma ọ bụ na ọ bụghị. N'ihi ihere metụtara ndị ọrụ mmekọahụ, ọkachasị ọtụtụ ndị ọrụ mmekọahụ na-agakarị n'otu ebe ahụ, a nabataghị ndị ọrụ mmekọahụ n'ozuzu ha n'ebe nchekwa ụmụ nwanyị ndị a dịka ụmụ nwanyị chere na ọ mebiri nkasi obi ha.<ref name=":52" /> Ọ bụ ezie na a machibidoghị ya iwu, ndị ọrụ mmekọahụ chere na ha nọpụrụ iche n'ime oghere ndị a ma na-ezere ha. === Ugboro nke atọ nke ụmụ nwanyị === [[Third-wave feminism|Ugboro nke atọ nke ụmụ nwanyị]] na United States malitere na mbido afọ 1990. <ref name="Dicker">{{Cite book|author=Dicker|first=Rory|title=A History of U.S. Feminisms|year=2008|publisher=[[Seal Press]]|location=Berkeley, CA}}</ref><ref name="CatchingAWave">{{Cite book|editor=Dicker, Piepmeier|title=Catching a Wave: Reclaiming Feminism for the 21st Century|year=2003|publisher=Northeastern|location=Boston, MA|isbn=978-1555535704|url=https://archive.org/details/catchingwaverecl0000unse}}</ref> N'afọ 1991, Anita Hill boro Clarence Thomas, nwoke a họpụtara na Ụlọikpe Kasị Elu nke United States, ebubo iyi egwu mmekọahụ. Thomas gọnahụrụ ebubo ahụ, mgbe arụmụka sara mbara gasịrị, Senate nke United States tụụrụ vootu 52-48 na-akwado Thomas.<ref name="Walker">{{Cite book|author=Walker|first=Rebecca|title=To Be Real: Telling the Truth and Changing the Face of Feminism|year=1995|publisher=[[Anchor Books]]|location=New York|isbn=978-0-385-47262-3|oclc=32274323|url=https://archive.org/details/toberealtelling00walk}}</ref><ref name="Heywood">{{Cite book|editor=Heywood|title=Third Wave Agenda: Being Feminist, Doing Feminism|year=1997|publisher=[[University of Minnesota Press]]|location=[[Minneapolis]]|isbn=978-0-8166-3005-9|oclc=36876149|url=https://archive.org/details/thirdwaveagendab0000unse}}</ref><ref name="autogenerated3">{{Cite book|author=Gillis|first=Stacy|title=Third Wave Feminism: A Critical Exploration|year=2004|publisher=[[Palgrave Macmillan]]|isbn=978-1-4039-1821-5|oclc=54454680}}</ref> N'afọ 1992, na nzaghachi maka ikpe iyi egwu mmekọahụ nke Anita Hill, onye America na-ahụ maka ụmụ nwanyị [[Rebecca Walker]] bipụtara otu isiokwu na Magazin <nowiki><i id="mwAqI">Ms.</i></nowiki> nke akpọrọ "Becoming the Third Wave" nke o kwuru, "Abụghị m onye na-ahụkarị ụmụ nwanyị. Abụ m onye nke atọ, nke chepụtara okwu ahụ bụ "nke atọ". <ref name="CatchingAWave" /> <ref name="Walker1992">{{Cite journal|author=Rebecca|first=Walker|title=Becoming the Third Wave|journal=[[Ms. (magazine)|Ms.]]|pages=39–41|issn=0047-8318|date=January 1992}}</ref> Ọzọkwa na 1992, ọ bụ Walker na onye America na-ahụ maka ụmụ nwanyị Shannon Liss (nke bụ Shannon Lass-Riordan ugbu a) guzobere ụlọ ọrụ Third Wave Direct Action Corporation dị ka otu agbụrụ dị iche iche, ọdịbendị dị iche iche. Ebumnuche mbụ nke nzukọ ahụ bụ iji mejupụta oghere dị n'etiti ndị ndu ụmụ agbọghọ na iji mee ka ndị na-eto eto tinye aka na mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na obodo ha.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Third Wave Foundation|url=http://www.thirdwavefoundation.org/about-us/history/|title=History|publisher=Third Wave Foundation|accessdate=2012-10-31|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121007020253/http://www.thirdwavefoundation.org/about-us/history/|archivedate=2012-10-07}}</ref> Na mbido afọ 1990, ọgba aghara grrrl malitere na Olympia, Washington na [[Washington, D.C.]]; ọ chọrọ inye ụmụ nwanyị ike ịchịkwa olu ha na ngosipụta nka. <ref name="Rowe-Finbeiner">{{Cite book|title=The F-Word|author=Rowe-Finkbeiner|first=Kristin|year=2004|publisher=[[Seal Press]]|location=[[Emeryville, California|Emeryville]]|isbn=978-1-58005-114-9|url=https://archive.org/details/fwordfeminisminj00rowe|oclc=55504351}}</ref> Otú ọ dị, nkwenye nke riot grrrl na njirimara nwanyị zuru ụwa ọnụ na nkewa na-apụtakarị na-ejikọta ya na nke abụọ nke ụmụ nwanyị karịa nke atọ.<ref name="Rosenberg_Garofalo">{{Cite journal|author=Rosenberg|first=Jessica|year=1998|title=Riot Grrrl: Revolutions from Within|journal=Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society|volume=23|issue=3: Feminisms and Youth Cultures|pages=809–841|doi=10.1086/495289|issn=0097-9740}}</ref> Ndị na-ahụ maka ụmụ nwanyị nke atọ chọrọ ịjụ ajụjụ, weghachite, ma kọwaa echiche, okwu, na mgbasa ozi nke na-enyefe echiche banyere okike, ọrụ okike, nwanyị, ịma mma, na mmekọahụ, n'etiti ihe ndị ọzọ. Ugboro atọ nke ụmụ nwanyị hụrụ ọtụtụ ihe oyiyi ụmụ nwanyị ọhụrụ dịka [[Madonna]], Queen Latifah, [[Angelina Jolie]], [[Emma Watson]], [[Beyoncé Knowles|Beyoncé]], na [[Lady Gaga]], yana ndị edemede dị ka Buffy na Mulan.ref name=autogenerated1>{{cite encyclopedia|url=https://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/724633/feminism/280084/Foundations|title=Feminism (sociology)|encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica|first=Laura|last=Brunell|date=May 13, 2007|access-date=August 24, 2013|archive-date=June 4, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130604043556/http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/724633/feminism/280084/Foundations|url-status=live}}</ref> Ndị na-ahụ maka ụmụ nwanyị nke atọ jikwa Intanet na teknụzụ ọgbara ọhụrụ ndị ọzọ mee ihe iji bulie mmegharị ha, nke nyere ohere maka ozi na nhazi iru ndị na-ege ntị ka ukwuu. Ndị na-ege ntị a mụbara na ọtụtụ ndị ikom a ma ama dịka Aziz Ansari na Leonardo DiCaprio.  Here is the Igbo translation of the passage: Ọganihu na-esiwanye ike nke ibipụta ihe n’Ịntanet mere ka e-zines (magazin eletrọnik) na blọgụ bụrụ ihe a na-ahụkarị ebe niile. Ọtụtụ ndị ode akwụkwọ onwe ha, tinyere òtù dị iche iche, chọpụtara na Ịntanet nyere ha ohere maka ịkekọrịta ozi na ibipụta edemede na vidio ndị na-egosi echiche ha ruo n’ihu ọtụtụ ndị nwere ike ịbụ ndị na-ege ntị buru ibu. Ịntanet gbanwere nke ukwuu n’ụzọ sara mbara ọdịnaya nke mmegharị ụmụ nwanyị (feminist movement) n’ihe gbasara ndị na-esonye, ụdị ngosi ya, na ụdị okwu na nsogbu a na-elebara anya. N'ime afọ 1980 na 1990, omume a gara n'ihu ka ndị ọkà mmụta egwu dị ka Susan McClary na Marcia Citron malitere ịtụle ihe kpatara ọdịbendị maka iwepụ ụmụ nwanyị n'ọrụ a natara. Echiche ndị dị ka egwu dị ka okwu gbasara nwoke na nwanyị; ọkachamara; nnabata nke egwu ụmụ nwanyị; nyocha nke saịtị mmepụta egwu; akụ na ụba na agụmakwụkwọ ụmụ nwanyị; ọmụmụ egwu a ma ama gbasara njirimara ụmụ nwanyị; echiche nna ochie na nyocha egwu; na echiche nke okike na ọdịiche so n'ime isiokwu ndị a nyochara n'oge a. N'oge nke atọ nke ụmụ nwanyị, okwu nke ndị transgender na ọrụ ha na mmegharị ahụ ghọrọ isiokwu a ma ama nke mkparịta ụka n'etiti ọtụtụ ndị na-ahụ maka ụmụ nwanyị mgbe ndị na-akwado ụmụ nwanyị nke atọ malitere ịjụ ajụjụ banyere ọdịdị abụọ, nke okike na mmekọahụ. TERF, nke na-anọchite anya trans-exclusionary radical femism ghọrọ okwu a na-agwa ndị na-ahụ maka ụmụ nwanyị na-ele ụmụ nwanyị trans anya dị ka ihe iyi egwu nye ụmụ nwanyị ndị ọzọ nọ n'òtù ahụ.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Morgenroth|first=Thekla|title=Sex Wars and TERF Wars: The Divisiveness of Who is Included in Feminism|journal=Sex Roles|date=2024|volume=90|issue=6|pages=676–705|doi=10.1007/s11199-024-01473-2|url=https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11199-024-01473-2}}</ref> === Ugboro nke anọ nke ụmụ nwanyị === Fourth-wave femism na-ezo aka na mmeghachi omume nke mmasị na femism nke malitere n'ihe dị ka afọ 2012 ma jikọta ya na ojiji nke mgbasa ozi mmekọrịta.<ref name="4thWave-Guardian20131210">{{Cite news|author=Cochrane|first=Kira|authorlink=Kira Cochrane|title=The Fourth Wave of Feminism: Meet the Rebel Women|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/dec/10/fourth-wave-feminism-rebel-women|work=The Guardian|date=10 December 2013|accessdate=9 February 2018}}</ref> Dị ka onye ọkà mmụta ụmụ nwanyị Prudence Chamberlain si kwuo, ihe a na-elekwasị anya na nke anọ bụ ikpe ziri ezi maka ụmụ nwanyị na mmegide megide iyi egwu mmekọahụ na [[ime ihe ike megide ụmụ nwanyị]]. Isi ihe ya, ka ọ na-ede, bụ "enweghị okwukwe na àgwà ụfọdụ ka nwere ike ịdị". "A na-akọwa ụmụ nwanyị nke anọ site na teknụzụ" dị ka Kira Cochrane si kwuo, a na-ejikwa Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, [[YouTube]], Tumblr, na blọọgụ dịka Feministing iji merie ụmụ nwanyị na ịha nhata nwoke na nwanyị. <ref name="4thWave-Guardian20131210">{{Cite news|author=Cochrane|first=Kira|authorlink=Kira Cochrane|title=The Fourth Wave of Feminism: Meet the Rebel Women|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/dec/10/fourth-wave-feminism-rebel-women|work=The Guardian|date=10 December 2013|accessdate=9 February 2018}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2009/11/15/magazine/15fob-q4-t.html|title=The Blogger and Author on the Life of Women Online|author=Solomon|first=Deborah|date=13 November 2009|work=The New York Times|accessdate=16 March 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://nowtoronto.com/news/feminisms-fourth-wave-is-the-shitlist/|title=Feminism's Fourth Wave is the Shitlist|author=Zerbisias|first=Antonia|date=16 September 2015|work=NOW Toronto|accessdate=21 April 2016|archivedate=28 July 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190728224143/https://nowtoronto.com/news/feminisms-fourth-wave-is-the-shitlist/}}</ref> Enwere ike ịkọwawanye echiche ụmụ nwanyị nke anọ site na ilekwasị anya na [[intersectionality]] na ịgbasawanye echiche banyere njirimara nwoke na nwanyị. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Special Issue: Gender Revolution|url=https://www.nationalgeographic.com/magazine/issue/january-2017|accessdate=2023-01-13|work=National Geographic|language=en|archivedate=2023-01-13|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230113062050/https://www.nationalgeographic.com/magazine/issue/january-2017}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|author=Maclaran|first=Pauline|date=2015|title=Feminism's fourth wave: a research agenda for marketing and consumer research|journal=Journal of Marketing Management|volume=31|issue=15–16|pages=1732–1738|doi=10.1080/0267257X.2015.1076497|language=en}}</ref> Nsogbu ndị ụmụ nwanyị nke anọ na-elekwasị anya na-agụnye iyi egwu n'okporo ámá na n'ebe ọrụ, mwakpo mmekọahụ na campus na omenala ndina n'ike. Ihe ihere metụtara iyi egwu, mmetọ, na igbu ụmụ nwanyị na ụmụ agbọghọ akpaliwo òtù ahụ. Na United States, ndị a gụnyere Ikpe mwakpo mmekọahụ Bill Cosby, igbu ọchụ nke 2014 Isla Vista, na Ebubo Harvey Weinstein nke 2017, nke malitere American Me Too movement ma duga n'ihe omume yiri ya n'ụwa niile.<ref>For Isla Vista killings, see {{Cite news|url=https://time.com/3319081/whyistayed-hashtag-feminism-activism/|title=Behold the Power of #Hashtag Feminism|author=Bennett|first=Jessica|date=10 September 2014|work=Time|accessdate=17 November 2024}}</ref> Ihe atụ nke mkpọsa ụmụ nwanyị nke anọ na United States gụnyere Mattress Performance, The Time's Up Now movement, na 10 Hours of Walking in NYC as a Woman. == Nkatọ == Pauline Terrelonge Stone dere na Feminist Consciousness and Black Women, "Ịkpa ókè agbụrụ gbanyesiri mkpọrọgwụ ike na ọdịbendị America, ma gbanyesie mkpọrọgwụ n'etiti ụmụ nwanyị ọcha, nke na ụmụ nwanyị ojii anaghị anabata na ihe ọ bụla na-emetụta nwanyị ọcha nwekwara ike imetụta ha. "<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Simons|first=Margaret A.|date=1979|title=Racism and Feminism: A Schism in the Sisterhood|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/3177603|journal=Feminist Studies|volume=5|issue=2|pages=384–401|doi=10.2307/3177603|issn=0046-3663}}</ref> Ndị na-akatọ okwu ụmụ nwanyị na-ezo aka na akụkọ ihe mere eme na-acha ọcha nke na-ewepu ma ọ bụ na-ebelata ọrụ ụmụ nwanyị na na-acha ọbara ọbara na-arụ n'ime na-enweghị òtù ụmụ nwanyị, yana ihe mgbochi dị iche iche ụmụ nwanyị na'ihu.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Ortega|first=Mariana|date=January 23, 2006|title=Being Lovingly, Knowingly Ignorant: White Feminism and Women of Color|journal=[[Hypatia]]|volume=21|issue=3|pages=56–74|doi=10.1111/j.1527-2001.2006.tb01113.x}}</ref> Ida Bell Wells-Barnett, onye dị mkpa n'ime òtù ụmụ nwanyị mbụ, chere mmegide sitere n'aka ndị isi ụmụ nwanyị ọcha dịka Rebecca Latimer Felton na [[Frances Willard]] ihu, bụ ndị hụrụ òtù ụmụ nwanyị dị ka ndị Anglo Saxon na-achụso ma wuo okwu ha banyere ịdị elu ndị ọcha: "Agbụgba Anglo-Saxon, " Willard dere, "agaghị edo onwe ya n'okpuru ka ndị Negro na-achịkwa ya ma ọ bụrụhaala na ịdị elu ya erughị nnwere onwe onwe onwe onwe nke saloon. "<ref>{{Cite book|author=Feimster|first=Crystal|title=Southern Horrors|publisher=Cambridge: Harvard University Press|year=2009|pages=82}}</ref> Ka ọ na-erule afọ 1970 na 1980, ụmụ nwanyị Africa-America emeela ka ha mara mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya site n'ịkwupụta enweghị afọ ojuju na nnọchite anya ụmụ nwanyị ojii n'Okwu ụmụ nwanyị.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Hill Collins|first=Patricia|title=What's in a Name? Womanism, Black Feminism, and Beyond|journal=[[The Black Scholar]]|volume=Winter/Spring 1996|pages=9}}</ref> N'afọ 1981, onye na-ahụ maka ụmụ nwanyị na onye edemede [[Audre Lorde]] kwuru, sị: "Gịnị nwanyị nọ ebe a nwere mmasị na mmegbu nke ya nke na ọ pụghị ịhụ ka ọ na-ebipụta n'ihu nwanyị ọzọ? Gịnị ka okwu mmegbu nke ụmụ nwanyị ghọrọ ihe dị oké ọnụ ahịa ma dị mkpa nye ya dị ka tiketi n'ime ndị ezi omume, pụọ n'ikuku oyi nke onwe onye na-enyocha onwe onye? ... Anyị na-anabata ụmụ nwanyị niile nwere ike izute anyị, karịa ihe ọzọ, karịa ebumnuche na-enweghị isi na karịa otu edemede Black Crensity nke ịkpa ókè agbụrụ ya. O kwuru, sị, "Ebumnuche nke ọrụ a kwesịrị ịbụ ime ka ọ dịrị ndị a na-akparaghị ókè mfe itinye aka na ha nwere ike ịsị: "Mgbe ha banyere, anyị niile na-abanye. "<ref name="Williams Crenshaw">{{Cite web|url=http://chicagounbound.uchicago.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1052&context=uclf|first=Kimberlé|author=Williams Crenshaw|title=Marginalizing the Intersection of Race and Sex: A Black Feminist Critique of Antidiscrimination Doctrine, Feminist Theory and Antiracist Politics|publisher=University of Chicago Legal Forum|year=1989|accessdate=2017-10-04|archivedate=2017-10-05|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171005113053/http://chicagounbound.uchicago.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1052&context=uclf}}</ref> == Hụkwa ==   * {{Cite book|author=Flexner|first=Eleanor|authorlink=Eleanor Flexner|date=1996|title=Century of Struggle: The Woman's Rights Movement in the United States|url=|location=|publisher=Harvard University Press|isbn=0674106539}} * {{Cite book|author=Echols|first=Alice|authorlink=Alice Echols|date=1990|title=Daring to Be Bad: Radical Feminism in America, 1967–1975|url=|location=|publisher=|isbn=}} * {{Cite book|author=Rosen|first=Ruth|authorlink=Ruth Rosen|date=2006|title=The World Split Open: How the Modern Women's Movement Changed America|url=|location=|publisher=Penguin Publishing|isbn=0670814628}} [[Otú:Pages with unreviewed translations]] c25r1mbjlgyyje5fol935018y8ec713 0 76406 696739 674407 2026-08-03T09:20:54Z Nachi kim 20090 Fixed reference error 696739 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|Onye French na-abụ abụ (1944–2024)}} {{Infobox person | name = Françoise Hardy | image = Francoise hardy february 1966.jpg | alt = <!-- descriptive text for use by speech synthesis (text-to-speech) software --> | caption = Hardy na 1966 | birth_name = Françoise Madeleine Hardy | birth_date = {{birth date|df=yes|1944|1|17}} | birth_place = [[Paris]], France | death_date = {{death date and age|df=yes|2024|6|11|1944|1|17}} | death_place = Paris, France | occupation = {{hlist|Singer-songwriter|astrologer|writer|actress}} | years_active = 1962–2021 | spouse = {{marriage|[[Jacques Dutronc]]|30 March 1981|1988|end={{abbr|sep.|separated}}}} | children = [[Thomas Dutronc]] | website = {{URL|francoise-hardy.com}} | module = {{Infobox musical artist|embed=yes | genre = {{hlist|[[French pop]]|[[yé-yé]]|[[chanson]]}} | instrument = {{hlist|Vocals|guitar}} | label = {{hlist|[[Disques Vogue]]|[[Sonopresse]]|[[Warner Bros. Records|Warner Bros.]]|[[Pathé-Marconi]]|Flarenasch|[[EMI Records|EMI]]|[[Virgin Records|Virgin]]|[[Parlophone]]}} }} | signature = Françoise Hardy signature.svg | signature_alt = }} '''Françoise Madeleine Hardy'''; (17 Jenụwarị 1944 – 11 Juun 2024) bụ onye na-abụ abụ na onye na-ede abụ na onye na-eme ihe nkiri na onye edemede nke sị mba France. A maara ya maka ịbụ abụ ndị na-atọ ọchị ma na-akpali akpali. Hardy ghọrọ onye a ma ama na mbido afọ 1960 dịka onye isi na French ''[[yé-yé]]'' egwu wee bụrụ [[Akara ngosi pop|akara omenala]] na France na mba ụwa. E wezụga asụsụ French nke obodo ya, ọ na-abụkwa abụ n'asụsụ Bekee, Itali, na German. Ọrụ egwu ya ruru ihe karịrị afọ iri ise, e wepụtakwara ihe karịrị [[album studio]] iri atọ. Ọ nọchitekwara anya [[Monaco]] na [[Eurovision Song Contest 1963]]. A mụrụ ma zụlite ya na [[9th arrondissement of Paris]], Hardy mere egwu mbụ ya na 1962 na ụlọ ọrụ French [[Disques Vogue]] wee nweta ihe ịga nke ọma ozugbo site na egwu "''[[Tous les garçons et les filles]]''". Site n'ịhapụ mmetụta mbụ ya [[rock and roll]], ọ malitere idekọ ihe na London na 1964, nke nyere ya ohere ịgbasa ụda ya site na abọm dịka ''[[Mon amie la rose (album)|Mon amie la rose]]'', ''[[L'amitié]]'', ''[[La maison où j'ai grandi (album)|La maison où j'ai grandi]]'', na ''[[Ma jeunesse fout le camp...]].'' N'ọgwụgwụ afọ 1960 na mmalite afọ 1970, o wepụtara ''[[Comment te dire adieu (album)|Comment te dire adieu]]'', ''[[La question (album)|La question]]'', na ''[[Message personnel (album)|Message personnel]]''. N'oge a, ya na ndị na-ede egwu dịka [[Serge Gainsbourg]], [[Tuca (musician)|Tuca]], [[Patrick Modiano]], [[Michel Berger]], na [[Catherine Lara]] rụrụ ọrụ. N'agbata afọ 1977 na 1988, ya na onye mmepụta [[Gabriel Yared]] rụkọrọ ọrụ na abọm ndị ''Star'', ''Musique saoûle'', ''Gin Tonic'', na ''À suivre''. Ndekọ ya nke afọ 1988 ''Décalages'' a kpọsara ya dị ka abọm ikpeazụ ya, ọ bụ ezie na ọ lọghachiri afọ asatọ ka e mesịrị na ''Le danger'', nke mere ka ụda ya dị ka nke siri ike [[alternative rock]]. Abọm ndị na-esochi ya nke afọ 2000 — ''[[Clair-obscur (album)|Clair-obscur]]'', ''Tant de belles choses'', na ''(Parenthèses...)'' — ahụla ka ọ laghachiri n'ụdị dị nro ya. N'afọ 2010, Hardy wepụtara abọm atọ ikpeazụ ya: ''[[La pluie sans parapluie]]'', ''[[L'Amour fou (album)|L'amour fou]]'', na ''[[Personne d'autre]]''. Na mgbakwunye na egwu, Hardy nwetara ọrụ ihe nkiri dịka [[onye na-eme ihe nkiri na-akwado]] na ''[[Nutty, Naughty Chateau|Château en Suède]]'', ''[[A Bullet Through the Heart|Une balle au cœur]]'', na mmepụta nke Amerịka ''[[Grand Prix (1966 film)|Grand Prix]]''. Ọ ghọrọ ihe ngosi maka ndị na-emepụta ejiji dịka [[André Courrèges]], [[Yves Saint Laurent (designer)|Yves Saint Laurent]], na [[Paco Rabanne]], ma soro onye na-ese foto [[Jean-Marie Périer]] rụkọọ ọrụ. Hardy zụlitere ọrụ dịka [[Ịgụ kpakpando|onye na-agụ kpakpando]], ebe o dere ọtụtụ ihe gbasara isiokwu a site na afọ 1970 gaa n'ihu. Ọ bụkwa onye dere akwụkwọ akụkọ ifo na akwụkwọ akụkọ na-abụghị akụkọ ifo site na afọ 2000. Akụkọ ndụ ya, ''Le désespoir des singes...et autres bagatelles'' (''The Despair of Monkeys...and Other Trifles''), bụ nke kacha ree ahịa na Frans. Dịka onye ọha na eze, a maara Hardy maka ihere ya, enweghị mmasị na ndụ ndị ama ama, na àgwà iwe onwe onye, nke e kwuru na ọ bụ ya mere o ji na-alụ ọgụ ná ndụ ya niile na [[nchegbu]] na enweghị ntụkwasị obi. Ọ lụrụ onye na-abụ abụ na onye na-ede abụ nke France [[Jacques Dutronc]] na 1981. Nwa ha nwoke, [[Thomas Dutronc|Thomas]], ghọkwara onye egwu. Hardy ka bụ otu n'ime ndị na-abụ abụ kacha ere ahịa n'akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ndị France, a ka na-ahụkwa ya dị ka onye dị mkpa ma nwee mmetụta n'ihe gbasara [[egwu pop French]] na ejiji. Na 2006, e nyere ya onyinye ''[[Grande médaille de la chanson française]]'', onyinye nsọpụrụ nke e nyere site n'aka ndị [[Académie française]], iji gosi ọrụ ya n'egwu. Hardy nwụrụ n'ọrịa kansa na Paris na June 2024, mgbe ọ dị afọ 80. ==Ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ mbụ== [[File:Rue dAumale Paris.jpg|thumb|A zụlitere Hardy n'ụlọ dị obere n'akụkụ Rue d'Aumale, na Paris [[9th arrondissement of Paris|9th arrondissement]]]] A mụrụ Françoise Madeleine Hardy na Jenụwarị 17, 1944 na Marie-Louise Clinic dị na [[9th arrondissement of Paris|9th arrondissement]] nke Paris na [[ọchịchị ndị agha German na France weghaara n'oge Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ | France nke ndị Germany weghaara]] n'oge [[Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ]].<ref name="HardyOne">Hardy, 2018 [2008], "One"</ref> A mụrụ ya n'oge [[Mgbọ ogbunigwe nke France n'oge Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ | mwakpo ikuku]], windo ụlọ ọgwụ ahụ gbawara.<ref name="radio">{{cite news |date=8 October 2020 |title=Françoise Hardy, la mélancolie en chansons |trans-title=Françoise Hardy, melancholy in songs |url=https://www.franceculture.fr/emissions/francoise-hardy |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210511115625/https://www.franceculture.fr/emissions/francoise-hardy |archive-date=11 May 2021 |access-date=10 May 2021 |newspaper=[[France Culture]] |language=French}}</ref> O kwuru na a mụrụ ya n'ọnọdụ ime ihe ike nke kpatara "àgwà ya nke nwere nchekasị" mgbe ọ bụ okenye.<ref name="radio"/> A mụrụ nwanne ya nwanyị nke nta, Michèle, ọnwa iri na asatọ ka e mesịrị<ref name="QuinoneroEnfance" /> na nne ha, Madeleine Hardy ({{circa}}1921–1991<ref name="HardyOne" />), onye si n'ezinụlọ nkịtị, zụlitere Françoise na Michèle dị ka [[nne ma ọ bụ nna naanị ya]].<ref name="QuinoneroEnfance">Quinonero, 2017, "«C'est ton enfance / Qui se promène à cloche-pied / Dans ta mémoire..."</ref> Nna ya, Étienne Dillard, bụ nwoke lụrụ nwunye, onye si n'ezinụlọ bara ọgaranya. O meghị ihe ọ bụla iji nyere ha aka n'ụzọ ego, ọ bụkwa onye na-anọghị ya n'oge a zụlitere ha,<ref name="QuinoneroEnfance"/><ref name="linternaute"/> naanị ileta ụmụaka ugboro ole na ole n'afọ.<ref name="rfi"/> Nne Hardy zụlitere ụmụ ya nwanyị n'ụlọ dị obere n'ime Rue d'Aumale nke dị n'ógbè nke itoolu.<ref name="QuinoneroEnfance"/> Hardy enweghị obi ụtọ ma nwee nsogbu mgbe ọ bụ nwata<ref name="rfi"/> ma na-etinye aka n'ihe omume naanị ya dịka ịgụ akwụkwọ, igwu egwu na nwa bebi, ma ọ bụ ige redio.<ref name="QuinoneroMonLit">Quinonero, 2017, "«Dans mon lit / Je dors, je rêve ou je lis»"</ref> N'ihi nrụgide nna ha, ụmụ agbọghọ ahụ gara n'otu ụlọ akwụkwọ Katọlik a na-akpọ Institution La Bruyère, n'okpuru nlekọta nke ndị nọn Trinitarian.<ref name="HardyOne" /> Ọdịiche dị n'etiti Hardy na ụmụ klas ya na mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya bụ ihe kpatara enweghị ntụkwasị obi ruo ndụ ya niile.<ref name="QuinoneroEnfance" /> Nne nne ya mere ka ahụike uche ya ka njọ,<ref name="HardyOne" /><ref name="QuinoneroEnfance" /> onye "gwara ya ugboro ugboro na [ọ] dịghị mma ma dịkwa njọ nke ukwuu".<ref name="mortality" /> N'agbata afọ 1952 na 1960, a na-eziga Hardy na nwanne ya nwanyị n'Ọstria kwa oge okpomọkụ ka ha mụọ asụsụ German, onye hụrụ nne ya n'anya ọhụrụ, onye [[onye a ma ama na Austria | onye isi Austria]] gbara ya ume.<ref name="QuinoneroAustria">Quinonero, 2017, "Les étés autrichiens"</ref> Nna ya na-akpọ piano, e wee mee ka Hardy mụta piano mgbe ọ bụ nwata, nke ọ kwụsịrị mgbe ọ hụrụ egwu n'elu ikpo okwu mgbe a chọrọ ka ọ mee ihe ngosi n'elu ikpo okwu na [[Salle Gaveau]].<ref name="Hardy Two" /> Mgbe Hardy dị afọ iri na isii, ọ gụchara akwụkwọ sekọndrị wee gafere ''[[baccalauréat]]''.<ref name="Hardy Two">Hardy, 2018 [2008], "Two"</ref> Iji mee emume ahụ, nna ya jụrụ ya onyinye ọ ga-achọ, o wee họrọ gita, nke o ji malite ịbụ abụ nke ya.<ref name="Hardy Two" /> N'ịgbaso iwu nne ya, o debanyere aha na [[Paris Institute of Political Studies]] mgbe ọ ka dị afọ iri na ụma,<ref name="Hardy Two" /> mana ọ hụrụ na ọ siri ike nke ukwuu, ọ hapụrụ Institute ahụ wee debanye aha na [[Mahadum nke Paris|Sorbonne]] iji mụọ asụsụ German.<ref>{{cite news |title=Francoise is France's little girl next door |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/daily-mirror-francoise-is-frances-littl/168845615/ |access-date=25 March 2025 |work=[[Daily Mirror]] |date=23 March 1963 |location=London, United Kingdom |page=16 |via=Newspapers.com}}</ref> Hardy jiri oge fọdụrụ n'ọmụmụ ihe ya dee egwu<ref name="Hardy Two" /> wee malite ime ihe nkiri n'otu obere ebe egwuregwu, ebe ọ na-akpọ egwu kwa Tọzde "n'ihu ndị lara ezumike nka".<ref name="QuinoneroGuitare">Quinonero, 2017, "«Un air de guitare..."</ref> N'oge a, ọ gara nyocha maka aha ndekọ [[Pathé-Marconi]] mgbe ọ hụrụ mgbasa ozi na ''[[France-Soir]]''.<ref name="QuinoneroGuitare" /> A jụrụ ya, mana obi dị ya ụtọ na o dọtara uche ndị isi ụlọ ọrụ ahụ ruo ogologo oge karịa ka ọ tụrụ anya ya.<ref name="QuinoneroGuitare" /> Obi gbakwara ya ume mgbe ọ nụrụ olu ya e tinyere na edekọ, nke o chere na ọ "adịghị mma ma dịkwa egwu karịa ka [ọ] tụrụ anya ya".<ref name="Hardy Two" /> == Ọrụ egwu == === 1961–1962: Mmalite ọrụ ya === Hardy gara [[Philips Records]], ebe a tụrụ aro ka ọ mụta ịkụ abụ nke ọma.<ref name="QuinoneroGuitare" /> Ọ sonyere ule nbata nke ''Le Petit Conservatoire de la chanson'' na 1961, ụlọ akwụkwọ maka ndị na-eme ihe ngosi nke a na-agbasa na redio na telivishọn.<ref name="QuinoneroGuitare" /><ref name="INAfille">{{cite web |last=Dartois |first=Florence |date=29 March 2021 |title=1962, Françoise Hardy, jeune espoir du "Petit conservatoire" |trans-title=1962, Françoise Hardy, olileanya ọhụrụ nke "Petit Conservatoire" |url=https://www.ina.fr/contenus-editoriaux/articles-editoriaux/1962-francoise-hardy-jeune-espoir-du-petit-conservatoire |access-date=21 May 2021 |publisher=[[Institut national de l'audiovisuel|INA]] |language=French}}</ref> Onye isi mmemme ahụ, [[Mireille Hartuch]], bụ onye a maara nke ọma maka ịhọrọ ndị sonyere nke ọma. Otú ọ dị, mgbe ọ hụrụ Hardy ka ọ na-abanye n’ụlọ klas, ọ nabatara ya ozugbo ọbụna tupu ọ kpọọ egwu ma ọ bụ bụrụọ abụ.<ref name="QuinoneroGuitare" /> Ha mechara nwee mmekọrịta yiri nke nne na nwa nwanyị, yana ọbụbụenyi dabere n’ịkwanyere ibe ha ùgwù.<ref name="QuinoneroGuitare" /> N’ụbọchị 14 Mee 1961, Hardy sonyere ule nbata maka ụlọ ọrụ ndekọ egwu France [[Disques Vogue]].<ref name="QuinoneroVogue" /> Ọdịdị ya dọtara mmasị onye injinia ụda ha André Bernot, onye chere na ọ “ga-adị mma n’elu mkpuchi ndekọ egwu”, ma kwere nkwa ịkụziri ya tiori egwu iji meziwanye nghọta ya banyere oge na ụda egwu.<ref name="QuinoneroVogue" /> Bernot mechara dekọọ obere [[Demo (music)|demo]] nwere egwu anọ ya na ya, nke o nyefere onye isi ụlọ ọrụ ahụ Jacques Wolfsohn.<ref name="QuinoneroVogue" /> Wolfsohn na-achọ nwanyị ga-abụ abụ ''Oh oh chéri'', ụdị French nke egwu "Uh Oh" nke [[Bobby Lee Trammell]] dere ma bụrụọ.<ref name="Hardy Two" /><ref name="QuinoneroVogue" /> Mgbe Hardy mechara ule nbata, Wolfsohn nyere ya nkwekọrịta ọrụ otu afọ,<ref name="Hardy Two" /> nke ọ bịanyere aka na ya n’ụbọchị 14 Novemba 1961.<ref name="QuinoneroVogue">Quinonero, 2017, "En Vogue"</ref> Mgbe Hartuch nụrụ banyere nkwekọrịta ọhụrụ Hardy, ọ kpọrọ ya ka ọ pụta na mmemme telivishọn ''Petit Conservatoire'' na 6 Febrụwarị 1962.<ref name="rfi" /><ref name="petitfille">{{cite web |url=https://www.ina.fr/contenus-editoriaux/articles-editoriaux/1962-francoise-hardy-jeune-espoir-du-petit-conservatoire/ |title=1962, Françoise Hardy, jeune espoir du "Petit conservatoire" |access-date=28 May 2021 |date=29 March 2021 |language=French |publisher=[[Institut national de l'audiovisuel|INA]] |first=Florence |last=Dartois |archive-date=2 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210602215328/https://www.ina.fr/contenus-editoriaux/articles-editoriaux/1962-francoise-hardy-jeune-espoir-du-petit-conservatoire/ |url-status=live}}</ref> Hardy jiri gita bụrụọ egwu mbụ ya dere onwe ya, ''La fille avec toi'', mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị a jụrụ ya ihe okwu Bekee ''yeah! yeah!'' dị n’abụ ya pụtara.<ref name="petitfille" /><ref name="Hardy Two" /> Mgbe e mesịrị, ntụgharịasụsụ ahụ bụ ''[[yé-yé]]'' ghọrọ okwu a ma ama site n’ọrụ onye ọkà mmụta mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya [[Edgar Morin]], n’isiokwu e bipụtara na ''[[Le Monde]]'' na 7 Julaị 1963, ebe ọ nyochara mmepe ngwa ngwa nke egwu pop ndị ntorobịa na-edu.<ref name="Briggs1425">Briggs, 2015, pp. 14–25</ref><ref name="QuinoneroTournee" /> Aha ''yé-yé'' sitere na mmemme redio ''[[Salut les copains (radio program)|Salut les copains]]'', nke [[Daniel Filipacchi]] kere, yana [[Salut les copains (magazine)|magazin]] nke otu aha ahụ.<ref name="Briggs1425" /><ref name="QuinoneroGarcon" /> === 1962–1963: Mmasị ''Yé-yé'' === '''Hardy na ''[[Grand Gala du Disque]]'' na Netherlands, Ọktoba 1963''' [[File:Francoise Hardy biedt prinses Margriet bloemen aan tijdens het Grand Gala du Dis, Bestanddeelnr 915-6257.jpg|thumb| Izute [[Princess Margriet of the Netherlands|Princess Margriet]] na onye nchịkwa egwuregwu [[Jaap van Praag (football administrator)|Jaap van Praag]].]] [[File:Grand Gala du Disque populier in Kurhaus te Scheveningen Nummer 202122 Godfrie, Bestanddeelnr 915-6264.jpg|thumb|Ịnata [[Edison Award]] n’otu “Ndị Ntorobịa” n’aka odee na onye ama ama telivishọn [[Godfried Bomans]].]] Vogue wepụtara [[extended play]] (EP) mbụ Hardy na Mee 1962, nke gụnyere "''Oh oh chéri''" tinyere abụ ndị o dere n’onwe ya bụ "''Il est parti un jour''", "''J'suis d'accord''" na abụ ịhụnanya na-emetụ n’obi "''[[Tous les garçons et les filles]]''".<ref name="QuinoneroProjets">Quinonero, 2017, "''Des projets d'avenir''"</ref> N’isi Ọktoba, Hardy sere [[music video]] ojii na ọcha maka "''Tous les garçons et les filles''", nke Pierre Badel duziri ma gosipụta ya na mmemme telivishọn ''Toute la chanson''.<ref name="QuinoneroVogue"/> Abụ ahụ bụ nhọrọ Hardy, yana nke onye nrụpụta mmemme ahụ André Salvet, n’agbanyeghị na Wolfsohn enweghị mmasị ịkwalite ya.<ref name="QuinoneroVogue"/> A kpọbatara Hardy n’ihu ndị na-ekiri telivishọn ka ukwuu na 28 Ọktoba mgbe e gosipụtara vidio ahụ ọzọ n’oge ezumike mgbasa ozi n’etiti mgbasa nsonaazụ nke [[1962 French presidential election referendum|ntuli aka ntụgharị uche onye isi ala France nke 1962]].<ref name="linternaute">{{cite web |last=Dieu |first=Sarah |date=31 March 2021 |title=Françoise Hardy malade: ce que l'on sait sur sa santé |trans-title=Françoise Hardy na-arịa ọrịa: ihe a maara gbasara ahụike ya |url=https://www.linternaute.com/musique/biographie/1777696-francoise-hardy-malade-ce-que-l-on-sait-sur-sa-sante/ |access-date=10 May 2021 |publisher=L'Internaute |language=French}}</ref><ref name="abc">{{cite web |url=https://www.abc.es/cultura/musica/abci-francoise-hardy-nuevo-disco-201210300000_noticia.html |language=Spanish |access-date=11 May 2021 |title=Françoise Hardy: album ọhụrụ na akwụkwọ akụkọ mbụ |last=de la Fuente |first=Manuel |date=21 October 2012 |work=ABC}}</ref><ref name="QuinoneroElectre"/> Abụ ahụ ghọrọ ihe a ma ama ngwa ngwa n’etiti ndị ntorobịa France, ọkachasị ụmụ agbọghọ nọ n’afọ iri na ụma, ma malitekwa ịkpọ ya ugboro ugboro n’ụlọ ọrụ redio, karịsịa na [[Europe n° 1]].<ref name="QuinoneroProjets"/> E mechakwara mee ka "''Tous les garçons et les filles''" bụrụ ihe a ma ama site na vidio [[Scopitone]] nke [[Claude Lelouch]] duziri.<ref name="QuinoneroElectre">Quinonero, 2017, "''Électre en ciré noir''"</ref> Vogue wepụtara ngwa ngwa EP abụọ ọzọ nke abụ Hardy. E mesịrị, a chịkọtara ha na EP mbụ ahụ wee bụrụ album studio mbụ ya, nke a maara dịka ''Tous les garçons et les filles''.<ref name="QuinoneroRois"/> Na France, a na-ele usoro [[LP record|LP]] anya n’oge ahụ dịka ihe a na-enyo enyo.<ref name="rsde">{{cite magazine |url=https://www.rollingstone.de/reviews/francoise-hardy-mon-amie-la-rose/ |language=German |title=Françoise Hardy: Mon amie la rose (Nyocha na Streaming) |last=Vetter |first=Marc |date=18 March 2016 |access-date=14 May 2021 |magazine=Rolling Stone |location=Germany}}</ref> N’ihi ya, album mbụ Hardy bụkarị nchịkọta nke [[7-inch record]] anọ a tọhapụrụ mbụ,<ref name="p4kreviews"/> usoro a maara dịka "super 45 [rpm]".<ref name="Hardy Two"/><ref name="QuinoneroRois"/> Ọtụtụ n’ime album ogologo ya enweghị aha pụrụ iche; naanị aha ya ka e dere n’elu mkpuchi, ma a na-akpọkarị ha site n’aha abụ kachasị ewu ewu dị na nchịkọta ahụ.<ref name="exclaim"/><ref name="QuinoneroQuestion">Quinonero, 2017, "«Question» mythique"</ref> Album studio mbụ Hardy nwetara ''Trophée de la Télévision'' yana onyinye a ma ama nke ''[[Grand Prix du Disque]]'' nke [[Académie Charles Cros]] na-enye.<ref name="QuinoneroRois">Quinonero, 2017, "«À vingt ans / On est les rois du monde»"</ref> Ka ọ na-erule mbido 1963, e rerela ndekọ 500,000 nke "''Tous les garçons et les filles''" na France,<ref name="QuinoneroFenetre"/> ma ọnụọgụ ahụ ruru nde 2.5 n’ime ọnwa ole na ole sochirinụ.<ref name="QuinoneroElectre"/> Abụ Hardy ndị bụ "''J'suis d'accord''", "''Le temps de l'amour''", na "''Tous les garçons...''" nọ n’elu chaatị abụ ndị kacha ere na France na ngwụcha 1962 na mbido 1963.<ref name="infodisc60s">{{cite web |last1=Lesueur |first1=Daniel |last2=Durand |first2=Dominic |year=2018 |title=Toutes les Chansons N° 1 des Années 60's |trans-title=Abụ niile rutere n’ọnọdụ mbụ n’afọ 1960s |url=http://www.infodisc.fr/Chanson_Number1_60.php |access-date=23 May 2021 |publisher=InfoDisc |language=French}}</ref> O binyere nkwekọrịta ọhụrụ afọ ise na Vogue yana nkwekọrịta na Editions Musicales Alpha, ụlọ ọrụ Wolfsohn guzobere.<ref name="QuinoneroElectre"/> O zutere [[:fr:Michel Bourdais|Michel Bourdais]], onye na-ese ihe na-emepụta atụmatụ nke [[Charles Aznavour]] chọpụtara n’oge na-adịbeghị anya,<ref>{{cite book |author-link=Richard Anthony (singer) |last=Anthony |first=Richard |title=Quand on choisit la liberté |isbn=978-2738226587 |publisher=Florent Massot |language=French |year=2010 |page=114}}</ref> onye kere ihe osise mbụ Françoise Hardy. Hardy, nke ihe osise ahụ masịrị nke ukwuu, zụtara ya.<ref>{{cite book |author-link=Richard Anthony (singer) |last=Anthony |first=Richard |title=Quand on choisit la liberté |isbn=978-2738226587 |publisher=Florent Massot |language=French |year=2010 |page=115}}</ref> Na Maachị 1963, Hardy nọchitere anya [[Monaco]] na [[Eurovision Song Contest 1963]], nke e dere na [[London]]. O rụrụ abụ "''L'amour s'en va''", nke mechara bụrụ nke ise n’asọmpi ahụ. Mgbe e wepụtara ya dịka single, ọ ruru ọnọdụ nke ise na chaatị France na Juun 1963.<ref>{{cite magazine |title=Billboard Hits of the World |magazine=Billboard |date=8 June 1963 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=agsEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA31 |access-date=24 June 2021}}</ref> Na Ọktoba, Hardy wepụtara album studio nke abụọ ya, ''[[Le premier bonheur du jour]]''.<ref name="QuinoneroTournee">Quinonero, 2017, "''La vie de tournée''"</ref> N’ọnwa ahụkwa, ọ natara [[Edison Award]] n’otu “Ndị Ntorobịa” na ''Grand Gala du Disque'' na Scheveningen, Netherlands.<ref name="QuinoneroRois" /> Onye odee [[Godfried Bomans]] nyere ya onyinye ahụ ma too ya dịka “onye nka nwere okike” nke maara otú e si wulite “usoro nke ya pụrụ iche n’enweghị iṅomi ndị America”.<ref name="QuinoneroRois" /> [[File:Francoise Hardy November 3 1963.png|thumb|upright=1.1|left|Hardy na-abata na [[Barcelona]] na 1963, ebe Luis Calvo, onye nduzi mba ụwa nke [[Hispavox]], nabatara ya]] Dị ka otu n’ime ndị isi nke mgbasa ''yé-yé'', Hardy ghọrọ otu n’ime ndị kacha pụta ìhè n’egwu France ma bụrụkwa nwanyị na-abụ abụ France kacha nwee ihe ịga nke ọma n’ahịa mba ọzọ.<ref name="rfi">{{cite web |url=http://www.rfimusic.com/artist/chanson/francoise-hardy/biography.html |title=Françoise Hardy – Biography |date=March 2013 |publisher=Radio France Internationale |access-date=27 October 2016 |accessdate=4 June 2026 |archivedate=30 April 2018 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180430034019/http://www.rfimusic.com/artist/chanson/francoise-hardy/biography.html }}</ref> Malite na 1963, e bugara ndekọ ọhụrụ nke "''Tous les garçons et les filles''" a sụgharịrị n’asụsụ Italian, German na Bekee n’ahịa mba ndị ọzọ.<ref name="QuinoneroFenetre">Quinonero, 2017, "«LA FENÊTRE OUVERTE SUR LE MONDE... ne vaut pas celle fermée sur mon amour...»"</ref> Mba mbụ na-abụghị nke na-asụ French ebe Hardy nwetara nnukwu ihe ịga nke ọma bụ Italy, ebe a kpọrọ abụ ahụ "''Quelli della mia età''" ma ree ndekọ 255,000. Ọ nọ n’elu chaatị single site na Eprel ruo Ọktoba, ma e wezụga n’etiti Julaị na Ọgọstụ mgbe [[Rita Pavone]] ji "Cuore" gafee ya.<ref name="QuinoneroCachez">Quinonero, 2017, "«Dans quel pays vous cachez-vous?»"</ref> Na ngwụcha oge ọkọchị na [[Milan]], Hardy dekọrọ abụ ọhụrụ<ref name="QuinoneroCachez"/> ndị e tinyere na album Italian ya ''[[Françoise Hardy canta per voi in italiano]]''.<ref>{{cite AV media |title=[[Françoise Hardy canta per voi in italiano]] |author=Françoise Hardy |year=1963 |location=Italy |publisher=Disques Vogue |id=LPJ 5034 |type=LP record}}</ref> Single "''L'età dell'amore''" / "''E all'amore che penso''" ruru kwa n’elu chaatị Italy.<ref name="QuinoneroCachez"/> ===1964–1968: Ịghọ kpakpando a ma ama n’ụwa niile=== [[File:Francoise hardy 1964.jpg|left|thumb|258x258px|Hardy na 1964]] Na 1963, Hardy gara London ka ọ dekọọ egwu ọhụrụ.<ref name="mortality" /> N’oge [[British Invasion]] nọ n’elu ewu ewu ya, Hardy chọrọ ime ka ụdị egwu ya bụrụ nke oge a,<ref name="QuinoneroLondres">Quinonero, 2017, "«Des façons Londres de me promettre Corfou»"</ref> ya mere ọ kpebiri ịhapụ ogo adịghị mma nke ụlọ ndekọ na ndị injinia ụda France ma dekọọ egwu ya na ụlọ ọrụ [[Pye Records]].<ref name="Deluxe60">Deluxe, 2013. p. 60</ref> Mgbe ọ na-arụkọ ọrụ na onye nrụpụta egwu [[Tony Hatch]] na Febrụwarị 1964, ọ dekọrọ EP nke gụnyere ụdị ọhụrụ nke "[[Catch a Falling Star]]" yana mmegharị atọ nke egwu ya ndị a ma ama: "Find Me a Boy" ("Tous les garçons et les filles"), "Only Friends" ("Ton meilleur ami"), na "I Wish It Were Me" ("J'aurais voulu").<ref name="QuinoneroCachez" /> Ndị na-ege egwu na England mbụ họọrọ egwu ya ndị e dere n’asụsụ French,<ref name="QuinoneroCachez" /> ebe "Tous les garçons et les filles" batara na [[UK Singles Chart]] na 1 Julaị 1964 n’ọnọdụ nke iri atọ na isii.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.officialcharts.com/search/singles/tous-les-garcons-et-les-filles/|title=Tous les garçons et les filles|access-date=29 May 2021|publisher=[[UK Singles Chart|Official Singles Chart]]|archive-date=2 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210602213856/https://www.officialcharts.com/search/singles/tous-les-garcons-et-les-filles/|url-status=live}}</ref> Egwu ya nke Bekee nke 1965, "[[All Over the World (Françoise Hardy song)|All Over the World]]", ghọrọ nnukwu ihe ịga nke ọma na United Kingdom, rutere n’ime Top 20 ma nọrọ na chaatị ahụ izu iri na ise.<ref name="allovertheworld">{{cite web|url=https://www.allmusic.com/song/all-over-the-world-mt0028665336|author-link=Richie Unterberger|first=Richie|last=Unterberger|access-date=14 May 2021|publisher=[[AllMusic]]|title=All Over the World – Françoise Hardy|archive-date=15 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210515013212/https://www.allmusic.com/song/all-over-the-world-mt0028665336|url-status=live}}</ref> Ọ gara nke ọma kwa na South Africa, Australia, na New Zealand,<ref name="QuinoneroLondres" /> nke mere ka o kwe omume ịbụ ndekọ egwu ya kacha ewu ewu n’etiti ndị na-asụ Bekee.<ref name="allovertheworld" /> Na 1965, Hardy gara New York iji bịanye aka na nkwekọrịta ndekọ egwu na [[Kapp Records|Kapp]] maka nkesa ndekọ egwu ya na United States.<ref name="QuinoneroMonde">Quinonero, 2017, "«Dans le monde entier»"</ref> Ụlọ ọrụ ahụ wepụtara albọm studio mbụ ya n’okpuru aha ''The "Yeh-Yeh" Girl From Paris!'' yana egwu otu "However Much", ụdị Bekee nke egwu e bipụtarala mbụ, "Et même...".<ref name="QuinoneroMonde" /> A tọhapụrụkwa albọm asụsụ German ''[[In Deutschland]]'', nke nwere egwu ise o dere n’onwe ya na nsụgharị German nke ụfọdụ egwu ya gara aga.<ref name="QuinoneroMonde" /> Egwu kacha ewu ewu ya na Germany bụ "Frag' den Abendwind", nke nọrọ na chaatị egwu mba ahụ izu iri abụọ na anọ.<ref name="QuinoneroMonde" /> [[File:Hardy in orange.png|thumb|209x209px|Hardy na 1966]] Na 12 Eprel 1966, Hardy so n’ime ndị na-eme ihe ngosi iri anọ na isii sonyere na foto otu nke [[Jean-Marie Périer]] sere maka ''Salut Les Copains''. Foto ahụ ghọrọ akara ngosi nke oge yé-yé ma mesịa bụrụ nke a maara na France dịka "foto nke narị afọ" (French: ''photo du siècle'').<ref name="linternaute" /><ref>{{cite news |last=Flückiger |first=Laurent |date=12 April 2016 |title=La "photo du siècle" a 50 ans |trans-title=The "photo of the century" is 50 years old. |url=https://www.lematin.ch/story/la-photo-du-siecle-a-50-ans-238515438548 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210512154919/https://www.lematin.ch/story/la-photo-du-siecle-a-50-ans-238515438548 |archive-date=12 May 2021 |access-date=12 May 2021 |work=[[Le Matin (Switzerland)|Le Matin]] |language=French}}</ref> Malite na ngwụcha afọ 1967, Hardy soro ndụmọdụ Wolfsohn wee malite ịtọhapụ ndekọ egwu ya site n’ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ya nke onwe ya, Asparagus, n’agbanyeghị na Vogue gara n’ihu na-ekesa ha.<ref name="QuinoneroSeptieme">Quinonero, 2017, "Septième album"</ref> O mechara kwaa ụta maka mkpebi ahụ, na-ekwu na 1999: "Onye isi ụlọ ọrụ Vogue, Léon Cabat, sonyekwara na ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta a, ma n’etiti ha, ha nwere ọtụtụ n’ime òkè ụlọ ọrụ ahụ. Nke a kpatara ọtụtụ ikpe na esemokwu gbasara mmegbu na nrụgide.|source=Hardy, 1999}} <ref name="QuinoneroSeptieme" /> Albọm French nke asaa ya, ''[[Ma jeunesse fout le camp...|Ma jeunesse fout le camp]]'', nke bụ nke mbụ e mepụtara n’okpuru Asparagus, pụtara na Nọvemba 1967.<ref name="QuinoneroSeptieme" /> Site na ndụmọdụ onye nrụpụta egwu Bekee Noel Rodgers, Hardy dekọrọ albọm Bekee nke abụọ ya n’oge opupu ihe ubi nke 1968. A maara albọm ahụ n’aha dị iche iche dịka ''[[En anglais]]'', ''The Second English Album'', ''Will You Love Me Tomorrow'', na ''Loving'', dabere na mba e bipụtara ya.<ref name="QuinoneroAnglais">Quinonero, 2017, "«En anglais»"</ref> Na 1968, Hardy wepụtara ụdị French nke egwu [[Vera Lynn]] "It Hurts to Say Goodbye", nke a kpọrọ "[[Comment te dire adieu]]", n’ime [[Comment te dire adieu (album)|albọm nke otu aha ahụ]]. [[Serge Gainsbourg]] dere okwu French nke egwu ahụ, ma ọ ghọrọ otu n’ime ọrụ ya kacha nwee ihe ịga nke ọma.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Beaumont-Thomas |first1=Ben |title=Françoise Hardy, French pop singer and fashion muse, dies aged 80 |url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/3066869250 |date=12 June 2024|website=The Guardian |access-date=19 July 2024|id={{ProQuest|3066869250}} }}</ref> ===1969–1976: Ntughari gaa n'ogo nka tozuru etozu=== [[File:Francoise Hardy (1969).jpg|left|thumb|254x254px|Hardy na Amsterdam, Disemba 1969]] N'afọ 1970, ọ kwụsịrị mmekọrịta ya na ụlọ ọrụ ndekọ egwu ahụ ma bịanye aka na nkwekọrịta afọ atọ na [[Sonopresse]], nke bụ ngalaba nke [[Hachette (publisher)|Hachette]].<ref name="QuinoneroDomicile">Quinonero, 2017, "Double changement de domicile"</ref> Ọ mekwara ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta egwu ọhụrụ a kpọrọ Hypopotam ma guzobe ụlọ ọrụ mbipụta egwu nke ya nke a kpọrọ Kundalini.<ref name="QuinoneroDomicile" /> Hardy natara nnukwu ego n'ihu site na Sonopresse, nke nyere ya ohere ịkwado ọrụ ya n'onwe ya.<ref name="HardySeven" /> O mechara kọwaa oge a dịka "oge kacha nwee obi ụtọ" n'ihi na ọ nwere ike ịrụ ọrụ n'egwu ya n'enweghị nnukwu njide sitere n'aka ndị ọzọ.<ref name="QuinoneroDomicile" /> Oge mgbanwe a n'ọrụ ya malitere site n'ịpụta ọtụtụ [[compilation album|album nchịkọta]] n'afọ 1970, gụnyere album French ''Françoise'', yana album studio ''[[One-Nine-Seven-Zero]]'', nke e dere n'asụsụ Bekee, na ''[[Träume]]'', nke ghọrọ album ikpeazụ ya n'asụsụ German.<ref name="QuinoneroDomicile" /> Album studio French mbụ e mepụtara n'okpuru Hypopotam bụ {{ill|Soleil (Françoise Hardy album)|lt=Soleil|fr|Soleil (album)|italic=yes}}, nke ewepụtara n'oge opupu ihe ubi nke afọ 1970.<ref name="QuinoneroSoleil" /> Album ahụ nwere ọtụtụ ndị na-ahazi egwu, gụnyere Bernard Estardy, [[Jean-Claude Vannier]], Jean-Pierre Sabar, [[Mick Jones (Foreigner guitarist)|Mick Jones]], [[Saint-Preux]], [[Simon Napier-Bell]], na Tommy Brown nke otu [[Nero and the Gladiators]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://fp.nightfall.fr/index_6768_franoise-hardy-soleil.html|author=Waltersmoke|language=French|access-date=31 May 2021|title=Françoise Hardy – Soleil (1970)|publisher=Forces Parallèles. Nightfall.fr|date=30 May 2014|archive-date=2 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210602215203/http://fp.nightfall.fr/index_6768_franoise-hardy-soleil.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite AV media|author=Françoise Hardy|title=Soleil|location=France|year=1970|publisher=[[Sonopresse]]|id=HY 39.902|type=LP record}}</ref> N'oge ọkọchị nke afọ 1970, Hardy wepụtara otu egwu Italian nke fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ nke ikpeazụ ya, "Lungo il mare", nke Giuseppe Torrebruno, [[Luigi Albertelli]] na Donato Renzetti dere.<ref name="QuinoneroSoleil" /> Otu egwu a na nke sochirinụ, nke nwere nsụgharị Italian nke "Soleil" ("Sole ti amo") na "Le crabe" ("Il granchio"), enwebeghị nnukwu ihe ịga nke ọma n'ahịa.<ref name="QuinoneroSoleil" /> Ọ deberekwa egwu n'asụsụ Spanish maka oge mbụ ya, maka otu egwu nwere nsụgharị Spanish nke "Soleil" ("Sol") na "J'ai coupé le téléphone" ("Corté el teléfono").<ref name="QuinoneroSoleil" /><ref>{{cite AV media notes |title=Sol|author=Françoise Hardy |year=1970|type=7-inch single|location=Spain|publisher=[[Hispavox]]|id=H 609}}</ref> N'oge opupu ihe ubi nke afọ 1971, Hardy wepụtara otu egwu nke onye na-ede ma na-abụ abụ [[Patrick Dewaere|Patrick Dewaere]] nke a kpọrọ "T'es pas poli", mgbe arụmọrụ ya na [[Café de la Gare]] dị na Paris masịrị ya nke ukwuu.<ref name="HardySeven" /><ref name="QuinoneroSoleil">Quinonero, 2017, "Soleil ou lune"</ref> Dewaere na Hardy sonyere ọnụ n'ọtụtụ mmemme telivishọn iji kwalite egwu ahụ, ma ọ naghị enweta ihe ịga nke ọma a tụrụ anya ya.<ref name="HardySeven" /> N'afọ 1970, Hardy zutere Tuca (Valeniza Zagni da Silva), onye Brazil na-abụ abụ ma na-akpọ guitar nke bi na Paris, ma ha ghọrọ ezigbo enyi.<ref name="HardySeven" /><ref>{{cite book |last=Blay |first=Milton |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AA6FAwAAQBAJ&pg=PT27 |title=Direto de Paris: coq au vin com feijoada |year= 2014 |publisher=Editora Contexto |isbn=9788572448543 |page=27 |language=pt |trans-title=Direct from Paris: coq au vin with feijoada}}</ref> Hardy mepụtara album ya na Tuca mgbe ọ gara [[Festival Internacional da Canção]] na [[Rio de Janeiro]] ma mata ma nwee mmasị n'egwu Brazil.<ref name="QuinoneroQuestion" /><ref name="HardySeven" /><ref name="telerama16" /> Nke a bụ oge mbụ n'ọrụ ya ka ya na onye ọzọ dere abụ rụkọrọ ọrụ tupu ha abanye n'ụlọ ndekọ egwu. O nwekwara ohere isonye n'ịhọrọ nhazi nke ụda violin na ngwa egwu ndị ọzọ.<ref name="HardySeven" /> Album ahụ, ''[[La question (album)|La question]]'', ewepụtara na 16 Ọktoba 1971,<ref name="Weiner 19">{{cite news |last=Weiner|first=Judith|date=25 October 1971|title=Interview |language=fr|newspaper=[[France-Soir]]|location=Paris|page=19}}</ref> ma kwalite ya site n'otu egwu "Le martien",<ref>{{cite AV media notes |title=Le martien|author=Françoise Hardy |year=1971|type=7-inch single|location=France|publisher=[[Sonopresse]]|id=HY 45.908}}</ref> "Même sous la pluie"<ref>{{cite AV media notes |title=Même sous la pluie|author=Françoise Hardy |year=1971|type=7-inch single|location=France|publisher=[[Sonopresse]]|id=HY 45.909}}</ref> na "Rêve".<ref>{{cite AV media notes |title=Rêve|author=Françoise Hardy |year=1972|type=7-inch single|location=France|publisher=[[Sonopresse]]|id=HY 45.910}}</ref> Ọ bụ ezie na ndị nta akụkọ France toro album ahụ nke ukwuu,<ref name="rfi" /><ref name="vie">{{cite web |last=Lehoux |first=Valérie |date=27 April 2012 |title=La vie en musique de Françoise Hardy |url=https://www.telerama.fr/musique/la-vie-en-musique-de-francoise-hardy,80734.php |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210510192036/https://www.telerama.fr/musique/la-vie-en-musique-de-francoise-hardy,80734.php |archive-date=10 May 2021 |access-date=11 May 2021 |work=[[Télérama]] |language=French}}</ref> ọ naghị enweta nnukwu ihe ịga nke ọma n'ahịa.<ref name="telerama16" /><ref name="Lesueur1938">Lesueur, 2015. p. 1938</ref> Mgbe ''La question'' dara n'ahịa, Hardy gbanwere ụzọ egwu ya ma kpọọ onye Britain na-ahazi egwu [[Tony Cox (record producer)|Tony Cox]] ka ọ mepụta album ya na-esote.<ref name="HardySeven" /> Album ahụ, nke a maara dịka ''Et si je m'en vais avant toi'', ''L'éclairage'', ma ọ bụ "Album Oroma" n'ihi mkpuchi ya, ewepụtara na Novemba 1972 ma kwalite ya site n'otu egwu "La berlue".<ref name="QuinoneroRouge" /> Mgbe arụchara ọrụ ahụ, Hardy na Cox dekọrọ album Bekee ''[[If You Listen]]'', nke nwere nsụgharị ọhụrụ nke ụfọdụ egwu America na Britain a na-amaghị nke ọma.<ref name="HardySeven" /> Mgbe nkwekọrịta Hardy na Sonopresse gwụsịrị, emebeghị ya ọhụrụ.<ref name="QuinoneroVI" /> Ihe dị ka afọ 1972, Hardy kpọrọ onye na-ede abụ na onye nrụpụta egwu [[Michel Berger]] ka ya na ya rụkọọ ọrụ mgbe ọrụ ya na [[Véronique Sanson]] masịrị ya nke ukwuu.<ref name="HardyEight" /><ref name="QuinoneroVI">Quinonero, 2017, "«TOUS CES MOTS QUI FONT PEUR QUAND ILS NE FONT PAS RIRE... [...] Je voudrais vous les dire / Et je voudrais les vivre...»"</ref> Berger dere abụ abụọ n'ime iri na abụọ dị na album ahụ, "[[Message personnel]]" na "Première rencontre".<ref name="HardyEight" /> N'agbanyeghị oge nnwere onwe nka ọ nwetara tupu ahụ, Hardy chọpụtara onwe ya ọzọ n'okpuru usoro ọrụ siri ike nke Berger, onye ọ kọwara mgbe e mesịrị dịka "nwoke na-eme ọsọ ọsọ, nwere ọtụtụ ihe ọ ga-eme, ọtụtụ ihe ọ ga-echebara echiche, na ọtụtụ mmadụ ọ ga-ahụ".<ref name="QuinoneroBerger" /> Ndekọ album ahụ mere na Julaị 1973, obere oge mgbe Hardy mụsịrị nwa ya nwoke, [[Thomas Dutronc]].<ref name="HardyEight" /> Album ahụ, ''[[Message personnel (album)|Message personnel]]'', ewepụtara n'afọ ahụ site na [[Warner Records|Warner Bros. Records]],<ref>{{cite AV media notes |title=[[Message personnel (album)|Message personnel]]|author=Françoise Hardy |year=1973|type=LP record|location=France|publisher=[[Warner Records|Warner Bros. Records]]|id=56 019}}</ref> bụkwa nnukwu ihe ịga nke ọma n'akụkụ ahịa na nyocha ndị nkatọ.<ref name="rfi" /> Egwu isi ya mere ka ọrụ Hardy laghachi n'elu ọzọ na France.<ref name="QuinoneroBerger">Quinonero, 2017, "Michel Berger, l'homme pressé"</ref> Hardy dere abụ iri nwere otu isiokwu jikọrọ ha ọnụ maka album ya na-esote,<ref name="HardyNine" /><ref name="QuinoneroFaim" /> ebe enyi ya [[Catherine Lara]] tinyere egwu n'okwu ndị ahụ. Ọ rụkọkwara ọrụ na Jean-Pierre Castelain, Gérard Kawczynski, André Georget, na Michel Sivy.<ref name="QuinoneroFaim" /> N'okpuru mmepụta [[Hughes de Courson]], album echiche (concept album) ''Entr'acte'' ewepụtara na Novemba 1974 ma kwalite ya site n'abụ "Ce soir", "Je te cherche", na "Il y a eu des nuits".<ref name="QuinoneroFaim">Quinonero, 2017, "«Il y a eu des nuits / Où je mourais de toi / Comme on meurt de faim...»"</ref> Album ahụ dara n'ahịa,<ref name="HardyTen" /> nke mere ka Hardy were ezumike n'ọrụ egwu iji tinyekwuo oge n'ịzụlite nwa ya. Ọ wepụtara naanị otu egwu abụọ n'afọ 1975–1976.<ref name="rfi" /><ref name="QuinoneroFaim" /> Nke mbụ bụ egwu [[Jean-Michel Jarre]] dere, "Que vas-tu faire?", nke e jikọtara na "Le compte a rebours",<ref>{{cite AV media notes |title=Que vas-tu faire?|author=Françoise Hardy |year=1975|type=7-inch single|location=France|publisher=[[Warner Records|Warner Bros. Records]]|id=16664}}</ref> mana ọ rere nke ọma nke ukwuu.<ref name="HardyTen" /><ref name="QuinoneroFaim" /> Nke abụọ bụ "Femme parmi les femmes", egwu isi nke ihe nkiri [[Claude Lelouch]] ''Si c'était à refaire'', nke nwere okwu [[Pierre Barouh]] dere na egwu [[Francis Lai]] mepụtara.<ref name="QuinoneroFaim" /> Ihe dị ka afọ 1976, Berger kpọtụrụ Hardy ọzọ, chọrọ ka ọ sonye na ụlọ ọrụ ndekọ egwu ọhụrụ ya, Apache. Hardy zitere ya abụ "Ton enfance", "Star", na "L'impasse".<ref name="HardyTen">Hardy, 2018 [2008], "Ten"</ref> Berger tụrụ aro ka a wepụta album dabere na abụ ndị ahụ nke ga-enwe otu echiche jikọrọ ha ọnụ, mana Hardy jụrụ aro ahụ ma kama bịanye aka na nkwekọrịta afọ atọ na [[Pathé-Marconi]].<ref name="QuinoneroYared">Quinonero, 2017, "Gabriel Yared, le gentil tyran"</ref> ===1977–1995: Ọrụ ya na Gabriel Yared na ezumike n’ọrụ=== [[File:Françoise Hardy05.JPG|thumb|upright|Hardy na Deauville, Normandy, Julaị 1992]] Maka ''Star'' nke afọ 1977, albọm mbụ ya e wepụtara n'okpuru Pathé-Marconi, Hardy kpọrọ [[Gabriel Yared]] ka ọ bụrụ onye nrụpụta na onye nhazi egwu.<ref name="QuinoneroYared" /> Albọm ahụ, nke a kọwara dịka “albọm ngwakọta”, nwere egwu isii Hardy dere yana abụ ndị [[Serge Gainsbourg]], [[William Sheller]], Catherine Lara, [[Luc Plamondon]], Roland Vincent, na [[Michel Jonasz]] dere.<ref name="QuinoneroYared" /> Na mbido, mmekọrịta Hardy na Yared jupụtara na esemokwu.<ref name="QuinoneroYared" /> Edekọrọ ''Star'' n’ime ọnọdụ e ji nrụgide mara, nke mere ka e kpọọ Hardy aha “eze nwanyị oyi”.<ref name="rfi" /><ref name="independent05" /> Dị ka Frédéric Quinonero si kwuo, “onye na-abụ abụ ahụ chere na ọ dị mkpa iwepụ nghọtahie ọ bụla, nke anụ ahụ ma ọ bụ nke mmetụta uche, tupu mmekọrịta ha ghọọ ezigbo ọbụbụenyi.”<ref name="QuinoneroYared" /> ''Star'' ghọrọ nnukwu ihe ịga nke ọma n’ahịa, mee ka Hardy laghachi n’ihu mgbasa ozi ma mee ka ọgbọ ọhụrụ nke ndị ntorobịa mara ọrụ ya.<ref name="rfi" /> N’agbanyeghị esemokwu dị n’etiti ha n’ụlọ ndekọ egwu, Hardy na Yared gara n’ihu ịrụkọ ọrụ ọnụ ihe dị ka afọ isii ma dekọọ albọm ise ọnụ.<ref name="rfi" /><ref name="QuinoneroYared" /> N’afọ 1991, Hardy chetara ahụmahụ ya n’ọrụ ya na Yared: <blockquote> [Yared] na-achọsi ike n’ihe gbasara ọrụ ya... ma n’ọrụ ma n’enyi. Ọ nwere nnukwu mmetụta n’ahụ m. Albọm ise anyị mere ọnụ adịghị mfe... mana echere m na otu n’ime nnukwu ohere ndụ m bụ ịchọta onwe m ọzọ n’okpuru nduzi nke onye egwu nwere ogo dị otu a.<ref name="QuinoneroYared" /> </blockquote> Albọm sochirinụ nke Hardy n’afọ 1978, ''Musique saoûle'', gụnyere ihe ndị [[Gabriel Yared]], Alain Goldstein na Michel Jonasz dere.<ref>{{cite AV media|type=LP record|location=France|title=Musique saoûle|publisher=[[Pathé-Marconi]]|id=2C 070-14697|year=1978|author=Françoise Hardy}}</ref> Albọm ahụ gbanwere ntụziaka egwu Hardy gaa n’ụdị egwu a pụrụ ịgba egwu karịa, ma nweta nnukwu ihe ịga nke ọma n’ahịa, nke ewu ewu nke egwu mbụ ya bụ “J'écoute de la musique saoûle”, karịsịa ụdị ya e mezigharịrị ogologo oge nyere aka.<ref name="QuinoneroTonic" /> A kwalitere ''Musique saoûle'' site n’ịpụta Hardy na mmemme telivishọn ebe a na-ahụ ya ka ọ na-eme egwu ahụ n’ụzọ a kọwara dịka nke na-adịghị adị ya mfe n’etiti igwe mmadụ na-agba egwú.<ref name="QuinoneroTonic" /> N’afọ 1980, Yared na onye ọrụ ibe ya Bernard Ilous nyere albọm ọzọ ya, ''Gin Tonic'', ụdị azụmahịa ka ukwuu.<ref name="QuinoneroTonic" /> Ihe mkpuchi albọm ahụ, nke onye ọrụ ibe magazin ''Façade'' sere, bụ magazin French e kere n’usoro akwụkwọ akụkọ ''Influence'' nke [[Andy Warhol]], gosipụtara Hardy dịka onye oge a nke ukwuu.<ref name="QuinoneroTonic" /> A kwalitere ''Gin Tonic'' site na abụ ndị “Jazzy rétro Satanas” na “Juke-box”.<ref name="QuinoneroTonic" /> Albọm ọzọ Hardy, ''À suivre'', pụtara na Eprel 1981 n'okpuru akara Flarenasch, nke mebiri nkwekọrịta ya na Pathé-Marconi.<ref name="QuinoneroMariage" /> Albọm ahụ wetara ndị ọrụ ibe ọhụrụ, ebe Yared kpọrọ ndị dere egwu dịka [[Louis Chedid]], Pierre Groscolas, Jean-Claude Vannier, [[Michel Bernholc]], Daniel Perreau, Jean-Pierre Bourtayre, na [[Étienne Roda-Gil]].<ref name="QuinoneroMariage" /> A kwalitere ''À suivre'' site na abụ ndị “Tamalou” na “Villégiature”.<ref name="QuinoneroMariage" /> Albọm sochirinụ, ''Quelqu'un qui s'en va'', pụtara n'oge opupu ihe ubi nke afọ 1981 ma nwee ihe mkpuchi albọm nke [[Serge Gainsbourg]] sere foto ya.<ref name="QuinoneroSortie">Quinonero, 2017, "Fausse sortie"</ref> ''Décalages'', nke e wepụtara na 2 Mee 1988,<ref name="QuinoneroDecalages" /> ka a kpọsara dịka albọm ikpeazụ Hardy. Ọ ghọrọ ihe ịga nke ọma n’ahịa ma nweta asambodo [[Gold disc|ọlaedo]] maka ire puku narị otu (100,000) nkeji.<ref name="QuinoneroDecalages">Hardy, 2017, "Décalages et dérapages"</ref> N’afọ 1990, Hardy dere abụ "[[Fais-moi une place]]" maka [[Julien Clerc]], a kpọnyekwara ya n’albọm ya nke nwere otu aha ahụ.<ref name="linternaute" /> Hardy laghachiri n’ọrụ egwu ya n’afọ ndị 1990 mgbe ọ bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta na [[Virgin Records]] na Disemba 1994.<ref name="linternaute" /> N’afọ 1995, Hardy rụkọrọ ọrụ na otu egwu Bekee [[Blur (band)|Blur]] maka ụdị French nke "[[To the End (Blur song)|To the End]]", nke e dekọrọ na [[Abbey Road Studios]].<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Z5sI04YpV3QC&pg=PA197|page=197|title=Abbey Road: The Best Studio in the World|access-date=13 May 2021|first=Alistair|last=Lawrence|year=2012|isbn=978-1608199990|publisher=[[Bloomsbury Publishing]]|archive-date=12 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240612072142/https://books.google.com/books?id=Z5sI04YpV3QC&pg=PA197#v=onepage&q&f=false|url-status=live}}</ref> E tinyere ya dịka [[B-side]] nke egwu otu ahụ bụ "[[Country House (Blur song)|Country House]]".<ref>{{cite AV media|title=Blur's Country House|author=[[Blur (band)|Blur]]|type=CD single|location=United Kingdom|id=7243 8 82338 2 8|publisher=[[Parlophone]]|year=1995}}</ref> === 1996–2021: Albọm ikpeazụ na ịla ezumike nka === N'afọ 1997, Hardy so ndị otu French abụọ ahụ, [[Air (French band)|Air]], rụọkọ ọrụ na egwu "Jeanne", nke bụ [[B-side]] dị na maxi-single ha bụ "[[Sexy Boy (Air song)|Sexy Boy]]".<ref>{{cite AV media|title=Sexy Boy|author=[[Air (French band)|Air]]|type=CD single|location=United States|id=CAR 6645-2|publisher=[[Caroline Records]]|year=1997}}</ref> N'afọ 2005, Hardy natara ihe nrite ''Female Artist of the Year'' maka albọm ya ''Tant de belles choses'' na emume [[Victoires de la Musique]]. N'afọ 2006, ọ natara ihe nrite [[Grande médaille de la chanson française]], nke [[Académie Française]] na-enye iji kwanyere ugwu ọrụ ya n’egwu.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.academie-francaise.fr/grande-medaille-de-la-chanson-francaise|title=Grande médaille de la chanson française|language=French|publisher=[[Académie Française]]|access-date=12 May 2021|archive-date=12 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210512153720/https://www.academie-francaise.fr/grande-medaille-de-la-chanson-francaise|url-status=live}}</ref> N'afọ 2012, Hardy mere emume ncheta afọ iri ise (50) ya n’ọrụ egwu site n’ịpụta akwụkwọ akụkọ mbụ ya na albọm ọhụrụ, ha abụọ nwere aha ''[[L'Amour fou (album)|L'Amour fou]]''.<ref name=lefou/> Mgbe a chọpụtara na ọ nwere [[laryngeal cancer]], onye na-agụ egwú ahụ kwupụtara na ''L'Amour fou'' ga-abụ albọm ikpeazụ ya, mana ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ afọ ise gachara, ọ laghachiri na mwepụta albọm ''[[Personne d'autre]]'' n'afọ 2018.<ref name=faroutmag>Far Out Staff [http://faroutmagazine.co.uk/francoise-hardy-to-release-new-studio-album-personne-dautre/ Françoise Hardy to release new studio album "Personne d'autre"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231103132318/https://faroutmagazine.co.uk/francoise-hardy-to-release-new-studio-album-personne-dautre/ |date=3 November 2023 }}, ''Far Out Magazine'', Retrieved on 7 May 2018.</ref> N’ọnwa Maachị 2021, Hardy kwupụtara na ọ pụghịzi ịbụ abụ n’ihi mmetụta ọgwụgwọ kansa ya kpatara.<ref name="parismatch21">{{cite web|url=https://www.parismatch.com/People/Francoise-Hardy-Mes-chansons-m-aidaient-a-supporter-mes-douleurs-1731052|language=French|access-date=22 May 2021|work=[[Paris Match]]|title=Françoise Hardy : "Mes chansons m'aidaient à supporter mes douleurs"|date=28 March 2021|first=Benjamin|last=Locoge|archive-date=2 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210602213815/https://www.parismatch.com/People/Francoise-Hardy-Mes-chansons-m-aidaient-a-supporter-mes-douleurs-1731052|url-status=live}}</ref> ==Ọrụ ime ihe nkiri== [[File:Francoise hardy grand prix (cropped).jpg|thumb|upright|Hardy na-eme ihe dị ka Lisa n’ihe nkiri 1966 ''[[Grand Prix (1966 film)|Grand Prix]]'']] Hardy sonyere n’ọrụ ihe nkiri, ma ọ naghị etinye onwe ya n’ọrụ ime ihe nkiri dịka ọrụ siri ike, ọ chọkwara ime ya otú ahụ.<ref name="HardyThree" /><ref name="montanes">{{cite web|url=https://www.eldiariomontanes.es/culturas/libros/francoise-hardy-sentia-20170826153636-nt.html|language=Spanish|access-date=12 May 2021|title="Françoise Hardy sentía amor por la música pero no por exponer su intimidad"|date=27 August 2017|last=González Ruiz|first=Pilar|work=[[El Diario Montañés]]|archive-date=23 November 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211123102532/https://www.eldiariomontanes.es/culturas/libros/francoise-hardy-sentia-20170826153636-nt.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Ọ nabatara ọrụ ime ihe nkiri e nyere ya n’afọ ndị 1960 n’enweghị nnukwu mmasị, dịka ndụmọdụ [[Jean-Marie Périer]] si dị.<ref name="HardyThree" /> Ọ bụ ezie na echiche ịrụkọ ọrụ ọnụ na ndị nduzi ihe nkiri a ma ama masịrị ya, ọ ka họọrọ egwu karịa sinima.<ref name="nytimes" /> N’afọ 1963, Hardy mere mpụta mbụ ya n’ihe nkiri dịka Ophelia n’ihe nkiri [[Roger Vadim]] ''[[Château en Suède]]''.<ref name="HardyThree">Hardy, 2018 [2008], "Three"</ref><ref name="Deluxe58">Deluxe, 2013. p. 58</ref> Tupu ekenye ya ọrụ ahụ, Vadim nwara ikike ime ihe nkiri Hardy site n’ịdu ya ka ọ gụọ akwụkwọ ozi ịhụnanya [[Cécile de Roggendorf]] dere nye [[Giacomo Casanova]].<ref name="QuinoneroActress">Quinonero, 2017, "Actrice malgré elle"</ref> N’oge a na-emepụta ''Château en Suède'', Vadim kpọrọ Hardy asị n’ihi “enweghị mmasị ya na-enweghị njedebe”, nke ghọrọ “mbido egwu ya banyere oge a na-eme ihe nkiri na ụlọ ọrụ ihe nkiri n’ozuzu ya”.<ref name="Deluxe60" /> Dị ka akụkụ nke mgbasa ozi ihe nkiri ahụ, Hardy gara [[Cannes Film Festival]], ebe ọ yi uwe mkpuchi ojii nke [[Pierre Cardin]] chepụtara.<ref name="QuinoneroActress" /> Mgbe o mechara obere mpụta ([[cameo appearance]]) na ''[[What's New Pussycat?]]'',<ref name="Deluxe60" /> Hardy nwetara ọrụ n’ihe nkiri [[Jean-Daniel Pollet]] nke 1966 ''[[A Bullet Through the Heart|Une balle au cœur]]'', nke e sere n’otu agwaetiti dịpụrụ adịpụ na Gris.<ref name="HardyThree" /> Ahụmahụ ahụ amasịghị ya, ma o kwuru, “mgbe ụbọchị otu ma ọ bụ abụọ gachara, aghọtara m na onye nduzi ahụ adịghị mma ma ihe nkiri ya bụ ọdịda.”<ref name="HardyThree" /> N’ịgbaso ihe ịga nke ọma ya n’ọrụ egwu na Italy, Hardy pụtara dịka onye na-eme egwu n’ihe nkiri ''[[musicarelli]]'', gụnyere ''I ragazzi dell'Hully Gully'' (1964),<ref name="ragazzi">{{Cite book|title=La canzone italiana del Novecento|last=Baldazzi|first=Gianfranco|language=Italian|page=306|publisher=[[Newton Compton Editori]]|year=1989}}</ref> ''[[Questo pazzo, pazzo mondo della canzone]]'' (1965),<ref name="questo">{{cite journal|title=Questo pazzo, pazzo mondo della canzone|year=1966|volume=27|language=Italian|page=55|journal=Bianco e Nero|publisher=[[Centro Sperimentale di Cinematografia]]|location=Italy}}</ref> ''[[Altissima pressione]]'' (1965), na ''Europa canta'' (1965).<ref name="larkin">{{cite book|title=[[Encyclopedia of Popular Music]]|year=2006|isbn=978-0195313734|editor-first=Colin|editor-last=Larkin|editor-link=Colin Larkin|publisher=[[Oxford University Press]]|edition=4th|page=132}}</ref> Ọ pụtakwara na mmemme telivishọn pụrụ iche nke 1968 ''[[Monte Carlo: C'est La Rose]]'', nke [[Grace Kelly]] bụ onye na-elekọta ya.<ref name="larkin" /> Onye nduzi America [[John Frankenheimer]] hụrụ Hardy ka ọ na-apụ n’otu ụlọ oriri abalị dị na London ma chee na ọ ga-adabara nke ọma n’ihe nkiri [[Formula One]] ya ''[[Grand Prix (1966 film)|Grand Prix]]'' (1966).<ref name="HardyFour">Hardy, 2018 [2008], "Four"</ref> N’agbanyeghị na ọ ka enweghị mmasị n’ọrụ ime ihe nkiri dịka ọrụ ndụ, Hardy nabatara ọrụ ahụ n’ihi na a na-akwụ ya ezigbo ụgwọ.<ref name="QuioneroCineaste">Quinonero, 2017, "Pour la «beauté renversante» d'un cinéaste"</ref> Ọ pụtakwara obere oge na ihe nkiri [[Jean-Luc Godard]] nke 1966 ''[[Masculin féminin]]'', ebe ọ yi uwe zuru ezu nke [[André Courrèges]] chepụtara.<ref name="godard">{{cite web|url=https://exhibitions.fitnyc.edu/paris-refashioned/masculin-feminin-and-french-youth-fashion/|access-date=12 May 2021|title=Masculin féminin and French Youth Fashion|date=3 March 2017|publisher=The Museum at FIT. [[Fashion Institute of Technology]]|archive-date=12 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210512182356/https://exhibitions.fitnyc.edu/paris-refashioned/masculin-feminin-and-french-youth-fashion/|url-status=live}}</ref> N’afọ 1969, ọ bụ kpakpando n’ihe nkiri telivishọn ''L'homme qui venait du Cher'' tinyere [[Eddy Mitchell]].<ref name="cher">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=k0EWr7ye9XEC&pg=PT126|language=French|access-date=12 May 2021|title=Il faut rentrer maintenant|author-link=Eddy Mitchell|last1=Mitchell|first1=Eddy|last2=Varrod|first2=Didier|year=2012|publisher=[[La Martinière Groupe|Editions de la Martinière]]|isbn=978-2732451473|archive-date=12 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240612072147/https://books.google.com/books?id=k0EWr7ye9XEC&pg=PT126#v=onepage&q&f=false|url-status=live}}</ref> N’afọ ndị 1970, ọ mere obere mpụta n’ihe nkiri [[Jean-Claude Lord]] ''[[The Doves (film)|The Doves]] (Les Colombes)'' (1972)<ref name="colombes" /> na nke [[Claude Lelouch]] ''[[If I Had to Do It All Over Again]] (Si c'était à refaire)'' (1976).<ref name="QuinoneroFilmography" /> ==Ọrụ ya n’ihe gbasara ịgụ kpakpando (Astrology)== :Ekwenyere m na sayensị mmadụ a na-enye naanị ozi banyere otu n’ime ọtụtụ ihe ndị na-emetụta ndụ anyị, ya bụ nke jikọtara na usoro na mgbagharị nke usoro mbara igwe anyị. Ọ na-enyere anyị naanị ịghọta ebe anyị nọ ma mata nke ọma usoro dị iche iche nke mmepe anyị, nke dabere n’ọtụtụ ihe karịrị naanị okirikiri na nhazi nke mbara ala, ma ọ bụghịkwa mgbe niile ka a pụrụ ịkọwa ya dịka ihe omume ma ọ bụ nsonaazụ pụrụ iche. — Hardy banyere enweghị ntụkwasị obi ya n’ebe ọtụtụ ndị na-agụ kpakpando nọ na n’ebe “ịgụ kpakpando amụma” nọ, 2008.<ref name="HardySix" /> Hardy mekwara ọrụ dịka onye na-agụ kpakpando ([[astrologer]]), ma dee ọtụtụ akwụkwọ na edemede gbasara isiokwu ahụ. Ọ sonyeere ụlọ akwụkwọ echiche a na-akpọ “conditionalist”, nke [[Jean-Pierre Nicola]] kọwara n’akwụkwọ ya nke 1964, ''La condition solaire'', nke kwuru na ịgụ kpakpando abụghị usoro [[divination|ịkọ amụma]], kama na a ga-eji ya tụlee ihe ndị ọzọ dịka mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa, agụmakwụkwọ, na ọnọdụ mmekọrịta mmadụ na omenala.<ref name="HardyAtrologia">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RtAwDwAAQBAJ|access-date=6 May 2021|last=Hardy|first=Françoise|author-link=Françoise Hardy|trans-title=La astrología universal|title=L'astrologie universelle|orig-year=1987|type=eBook|year=2007|isbn=978-8431535810|language=Spanish|location=Barcelona|publisher=De Vecchi Ediciones|chapter=Introducción|archive-date=12 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240612010044/https://books.google.com/books?id=RtAwDwAAQBAJ|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0lcMEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA103|pages=103–104|language=French|access-date=10 May 2021|title=L'astrologie: le grand voyage en soi et dans l'avenir|first=Yves|last=Lenoble|year=2020|publisher=BoD|isbn=978-2382580141|archive-date=12 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240612010049/https://books.google.com/books?id=0lcMEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA103|url-status=live}}</ref> Hardy malitere inwe mmasị n’ịgụ kpakpando mgbe ọ gara hụ onye na-agụ kpakpando André Barbault n’etiti afọ 1960 ndị ahụ.<ref name="HardySix">Hardy, 2018 [2008], "Six"</ref> Ọ gara ọmụmụ ọha na eze, mụtara otu esi arụpụta [[birth chart|chaatị ọmụmụ]], ma gụọ ọtụtụ akwụkwọ pụrụ iche tupu ya ezute Catherine Aubier, onye tụrụ aro ka Hardy mụta n’aka onye nkụzi ya.<ref name="HardySix" /> Madame Godefroy kụziri Hardy ịgụ kpakpando ọdịnala ruo afọ abụọ na Paris.<ref name="HardySix" /> Ọ ghọrọ onye raara onwe ya nye nke ukwuu n’ọrụ a mgbe ọ zutere Nicola n’afọ 1974, onye kpọrọ ya ka ọ bụrụ akụkụ nke magazin ọhụrụ ọ na-arụpụta.<ref name="HardySix" /> Onye ọbụ abụ ahụ kọwara Nicola dịka “onye na-agụ kpakpando kacha mma n’ụwa”<ref name="clash">{{cite web|url=https://www.clashmusic.com/features/another-person-fran%C3%A7oise-hardy-interviewed|access-date=6 May 2021|date=23 April 2018|first=Hayley|last=Scott|work=[[Clash (magazine)|Clash]]|title=Another Person: Françoise Hardy Interviewed|archive-date=6 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210506054623/https://www.clashmusic.com/features/another-person-fran%C3%A7oise-hardy-interviewed|url-status=dead}}</ref> ma dee, sị: “Ọ bụ ya mere ka m ghọta ịgụ kpakpando n’ụzọ nwere ọgụgụ isi ma kụziere m otu esi eji ya nke ọma n’akụkụ ya.”<ref name="HardySix" /> Ewezuga ịgụ kpakpando, [[Alejandro Jodorowsky]] kụzikwaara Hardy otu esi agụ [[Tarot of Marseilles]].<ref name="HardyTwelve">Hardy, 2018 [2008], "Twelve"</ref> Dị ka ihe na-akwado ọmụmụ ya banyere ịgụ kpakpando, ọ gara ọmụmụ nke [[graphologist]] Germaine Tripier, onye bụ onye isi nke French Society of Graphology.<ref name="HardyTwelve" /> N’etiti oge ndekọ egwu maka album ya ''Gin Tonic'' na 1979, Hardy rụkọrọ ọrụ n’usoro akwụkwọ gbasara akara zodiac nke Tchou Editions bipụtara, ma sonye n’ide akwụkwọ banyere [[Virgo (astrology)|Virgo]]<ref name="HardyEleven">Hardy, 2018 [2008], "Eleven"</ref> ya na onye ọzọ na-agụ kpakpando, Béatrice Guénin.<ref name="HardyEleven" /> Ọ rụkọkwara ọrụ na magazin ''Quinze Ans''.<ref name="QuinoneroTonic" /> N’ọgwụgwụ afọ 1980, Pierre Lescure nke ụlọ mgbasa ozi redio [[RMC (France)|RMC]] kpọrọ Hardy ka ọ na-enye horoscope kwa ụbọchị na mmemme kwa izu.<ref name="HardyEleven" /> N’afọ 1982, Hardy malitere usoro mgbasa ozi ọhụrụ kwa izu a kpọrọ ''Entre les lignes, entre les signes'', nke ọ na-ajụ ndị ama ama n’ihe nkiri ma ọ bụ n’egwu ajụjụ dabere na chaatị ọmụmụ ha, ebe graphologist Anne-Marie Simmond, onye Hardy mụtara n’aka ya, na-emepụta nkọwa gbasara àgwà ha site n’aka ha dere.<ref name="HardyTwelve" /> E bipụtara nchịkọta ajụjụ ọnụ ndị ahụ na profaịlụ ndị ahụ site na RMC na 1986.<ref>{{cite book|title=Entre les lignes, entre les signes|author-link=Françoise Hardy|last1=Hardy|first1=Françoise|last2=Simmond|first2=Annne-Marie|language=French|publisher=[[RMC (France)|RMC Edition]]|year=1986|location=France|isbn=978-2868550064}}</ref><ref name="independent05" /> N’afọ 1990, Hardy gara n’ihu n’ọrụ ya banyere ịgụ kpakpando site n’ide akụkọ maka akwụkwọ akụkọ Switzerland ''[[Le Matin (Switzerland)|Le Matin]]'' ma bụrụkwa onye na-ahụ maka akụkụ kwa izu n’usoro ihe omume [[Thierry Ardisson]] a kpọrọ ''Télé Zèbre'' na [[Antenne 2]].<ref name="QuinoneroPour">Quinonero, 2017, "Là pour personne ?"</ref> Na 7 Mee 2003, Hardy bipụtara ''Les rythmes du zodiaque'', akwụkwọ o were ihe karịrị afọ abụọ dee, nke o kwuru na ebumnuche ya bụ “akwụkwọ ga-enye m ohere itinye obere onyinye m n’ịgụ kpakpando nke oge a.”<ref name="HardyEighteen">Hardy, 2018 [2008], "Eighteen"</ref> == Ọrụ ide akwụkwọ == N’afọ ndị ikpeazụ nke ndụ ya, Hardy ghọrọ onye odee akwụkwọ [[akụkọ ifo]] na akwụkwọ [[na-abụghị akụkọ ifo]]. O dekwara akụkọ ndụ ya, ''Le désespoir des singes... et autres bagatelles (Nkụda Mmụọ Ndị Enwe... na Ihe Ndị Ọzọ Na-adịghị Mkpa)'', nke e bipụtara na 9 Ọktoba 2008. A rere akwụkwọ ahụ ihe ruru mkpụrụ 250,000 ma bụrụ [[bestseller]] na France.<ref name="ledevoir12">{{cite web |last=Cormier |first=Sylvain |date=17 November 2012 |title=Françoise Hardy, d'amour dévorée, d'amour nourrie |trans-title=Françoise Hardy, ịhụnanya riri ya, ịhụnanya zụlitere ya |url=https://www.ledevoir.com/culture/musique/364069/francoise-hardy-d-amour-devoree-d-amour-nourrie |access-date=12 May 2021 |work=[[Le Devoir]] |language=French}}</ref> E mechara tụgharịa akwụkwọ ahụ n’asụsụ Spanish ma ụlọ mbipụta akwụkwọ nnwere onwe Expediciones Polares nke dị na [[San Sebastián]] bipụta ya n’afọ 2017.<ref name="simios">{{cite web|language=Spanish|url=https://www.efeeme.com/la-desesperacion-de-los-simios-y-otras-bagatelas-de-francoise-hardy/|date=14 March 2017|access-date=21 May 2021|first=Javier|last=De Castro|title="La desesperación de los simios... y otras bagatelas", de Françoise Hardy|publisher=Efe Eme|archive-date=13 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210613114902/https://www.efeeme.com/la-desesperacion-de-los-simios-y-otras-bagatelas-de-francoise-hardy/|url-status=live}}</ref> Mbipụta Bekee nke Jon E. Graham tụgharịrị ka [[Feral House]] bipụtara na 2018.<ref name="monkeyreview">{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2018/jul/28/despair-of-monkeys-other-trifles-francoise-hardy-review|date=28 July 2018|access-date=12 May 2021|first=Anthony|last=Quinn|title=The Despair of Monkeys and Other Trifles review – Françoise Hardy's memoir|work=[[The Guardian]]|archive-date=12 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240612012534/https://www.theguardian.com/books/2018/jul/28/despair-of-monkeys-other-trifles-francoise-hardy-review|url-status=live}}</ref> [[File:Françoise Hardy 2012 c.jpg|thumb|left|Hardy na-ewebata akwụkwọ [[novel]] mbụ ya ''L'amour fou'' na Paris, Novemba 2012]] N’afọ 2012, Hardy bipụtara [[novel]] mbụ ya, ''L'amour fou'', n’ụlọ mbipụta [[Éditions Albin Michel]]. E wepụtara ya n’otu oge ahụ na album egwu nwere otu aha ahụ.<ref name="lapresse">{{cite news|url=https://www.lapresse.ca/arts/musique/entrevues/201211/21/01-4596063-francoise-hardy-comment-tecrire-adieu.php|title=Françoise Hardy : comment t'écrire adieu...|access-date=21 May 2021|work=[[La Presse (Canadian newspaper)|La Presse]]|language=French|first=Marie-Christine|last=Blais|date=21 November 2012|archive-date=21 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210521044417/https://www.lapresse.ca/arts/musique/entrevues/201211/21/01-4596063-francoise-hardy-comment-tecrire-adieu.php|url-status=live}}</ref> Ọ malitere ide akụkọ ahụ, nke gbasara mmekọrịta ịhụnanya jupụtara n’ịrapara n’ahụ mmadụ nke ukwuu, ihe dị ka afọ iri atọ tupu ahụ,<ref name="lapresse" /> mana o debere akwụkwọ edemede ahụ n’akụkụ ma enweghị atụmatụ ibipụta ya. Onye nchịkọta akụkọ ya gbara ya ume ka o mee ya, ma ọ kwetara mgbe enyi ya Jean-Marie Périer kwadoro ya.<ref name="avisfigaro">{{cite web|url=https://www.lefigaro.fr/musique/2012/11/09/03006-20121109ARTFIG00244-francoise-hardy-je-suis-une-angoissee.php|title=Françoise Hardy : " Je suis une angoissée "|access-date=21 May 2021|work=[[Le Figaro]]|first1=Pierre|last1=De Boishue|last2=Nuc|first2=Olivier|date=9 November 2012|language=French|archive-date=21 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210521051421/https://www.lefigaro.fr/musique/2012/11/09/03006-20121109ARTFIG00244-francoise-hardy-je-suis-une-angoissee.php|url-status=live}}</ref> Hardy chere na ọ dabara adaba ibipụta akwụkwọ ahụ iji mee emume afọ iri ise nke ọrụ egwu ya, ebe ọ kọwara ya dịka “akụkọ nke ghọrọ isi mmalite ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ abụ m niile kemgbe mmalite.”<ref name="avisfigaro" /> N’afọ 2013, ụlọ mbipụta Edizioni Clichy nke dị na [[Florence]] bipụtara ụdị Italian nke akwụkwọ ahụ.<ref>{{cite book|isbn=978-8867990214|year=2013|orig-year=2012|trans-title=L'amour fou|language=Italian|location=Florence|publisher=Edizioni Clichy|title=L'amore folle|author-link=Françoise Hardy|first=Françoise|last=Hardy|translator-last1=Conti|translator-first1=Antonella}}</ref> Mgbe album ''La pluie sans parapluie'' na ''L'Amour fou'' rere ahịa nke ọma adịghị, Hardy kpebiri ịhapụ egwu ntakịrị ma tinye uche ya n’ide akwụkwọ.<ref name="avisnon">{{cite web|url=https://www.parismatch.com/People/Musique/Message-personnel-de-Francoise-Hardy-720438|access-date=21 May 2021|language=French|work=[[Paris Match]]|date=3 August 2015|title=Message personnel de Françoise Hardy|first=Marie-France|last=Chatrier|archive-date=21 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210521043114/https://www.parismatch.com/People/Musique/Message-personnel-de-Francoise-Hardy-720438|url-status=live}}</ref> Nke a butere [[essay]] ''Avis non autorisés'' ''(Echiche E Nyeghị Ikike)'', nke e bipụtara na 2015 site n’ụlọ mbipụta [[Éditions des Équateurs]], ebe ọ kọwara nsogbu ndị mmadụ na-eche ihu mgbe ha na-eru [[ịka nká]].<ref name="avisnon" /><ref name="avispoint">{{cite web |last=Mirande |first=Jean-Noël |date=3 April 2015 |title=Les vérités nues de Françoise Hardy |trans-title=Eziokwu doro anya nke Françoise Hardy |url=https://www.lepoint.fr/culture/les-verites-nues-de-francoise-hardy-04-03-2015-1909777_3.php |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210521043115/https://www.lepoint.fr/culture/les-verites-nues-de-francoise-hardy-04-03-2015-1909777_3.php |archive-date=21 May 2021 |access-date=21 May 2021 |work=[[Le Point]] |language=French}}</ref> N’akwụkwọ a, o kesakwara echiche ya banyere ihe ndị na-eme ugbu a n’ụwa, nke ọtụtụ ndị kpọrọ echiche “na-adịghị agbaso [[Political correctness|izi ezi ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị]].”<ref name="avisnon" /> ''Avis non autorisés'' ghọrọ nnukwu ihe ịga nke ọma n’ahịa akwụkwọ.<ref name="figaroavis" /> Otu afọ ka e mesịrị, o bipụtara ''Un cadeau du ciel (Onyinye Si N’Eluigwe)'', ebe ọ tụlere ahụmahụ ya n’ụlọ ọgwụ na Maachị 2015 n’ihi ọrịa kansa, oge ọ fọrọ nke nta ka ọ nwụọ.<ref name="figaroavis">{{cite web|url=https://www.lefigaro.fr/livres/2016/10/17/03005-20161017ARTFIG00258-francoise-hardy-se-livre-sur-sa-maladie.php|language=French|access-date=12 May 2021|work=[[Le Figaro]]|date=17 October 2016|title=Françoise Hardy se livre sur sa maladie|first=Mohammed|last=Aïssaoui|archive-date=12 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240612072217/https://www.lefigaro.fr/livres/2016/10/17/03005-20161017ARTFIG00258-francoise-hardy-se-livre-sur-sa-maladie.php|url-status=live}}</ref> Ná mbido afọ ndị 2020, mgbe ọ naghịzi enwe ike ịga n’ihu na-abụ abụ ma kwuo na ọ “nweghị ihe ọzọ ọ ga-eme”, Hardy tinyere oge ya n’ịchịkọta [[song book]], ''Chansons sur toi et nous'', nchịkọta nke okwu abụ ya niile tinyere nkọwa ya. E bipụtara ''Chansons sur toi et nous'' n’afọ 2021 site n’ụlọ mbipụta Éditions des Équateurs.<ref name="ledevoir21" /> ==Ọrụ nka== ===Ụdị egwu=== :Ihe kpaliri m ide egwu m bụ, n'otu akụkụ, nchegbu m. N'ọtụtụ egwu, ekwuwo m egwu m nke ịghara ịrụ ọrụ ahụ na nke ịhapụ m gakwuru onye ọzọ ''a priori'' otu puku ugboro na-adọrọ mmasị ma na-adọrọ adọrọ karịa m. Egwu nke na-abụghị nke na-enweghị isi... — Hardy, ''[[L'Express]]'', 2013.<ref name="anxiety">{{cite web|url=https://www.lexpress.fr/styles/psycho/l-anxiete-pour-francoise-hardy-j-y-puise-en-partie-mon-inspiration_1251314.html|title=L'anxiété pour Françoise Hardy: "J'y puise en partie mon inspiration"|language=French|work=[[L'Express]]|first1=Delphine|last1=Peras|first2=Marion|last2=Guérin|first3=Christophe|last3=Carrière|date=23 May 2013|access-date=12 May 2021|archive-date=12 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240612072144/https://www.lexpress.fr/styles/bien-etre/psycho/l-anxiete-pour-francoise-hardy-j-y-puise-en-partie-mon-inspiration_1251314.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Ọ bụ ezie na egwu Hardy kpuchiri ọtụtụ [[ụdị egwu|ụdị egwu]], o jisiri ike nwee ụda pụrụ iche site na mmalite ọrụ ya<ref name="glide">{{cite web|url=https://glidemagazine.com/152060/french-songstress-francoise-hardy-gets-reissue-treatment-album-review/|title=French Songstress Françoise Hardy Gets Reissue Treatment (ALBUM REVIEW)|last=Ferguson|first=Maeri|work=Glide Magazine |date=13 November 2015|access-date=15 May 2021|archive-date=15 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210515073447/https://glidemagazine.com/152060/french-songstress-francoise-hardy-gets-reissue-treatment-album-review/|url-status=live}}</ref> which was defined by breathy [[alto]] vocals<ref name="allmusic">{{cite web|access-date=6 May 2021|title=Françoise Hardy|last=Jurek|first=Thom|publisher=[[AllMusic]]|url=https://www.allmusic.com/artist/fran%C3%A7oise-hardy-mn0000186594/biography|archive-date=7 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210507122007/https://www.allmusic.com/artist/fran%C3%A7oise-hardy-mn0000186594/biography|url-status=live}}</ref> na ihe na-amasịkarị abụ ndị na-eme ka obi daa mba.<ref name="popmatters">{{cite web|url=https://www.popmatters.com/francoise-hardy-essay-2569397045.html|access-date=10 May 2021|publisher=[[PopMatters]]|title=Capricorn vs. Cancer: The Story of French Singer-songwriter Françoise Hardy|date=17 May 2018|last=Marie|first=Brett|archive-date=10 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210510175417/https://www.popmatters.com/francoise-hardy-essay-2569397045.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="QuinoneroTete">Quinonero, 2017, "« es chansons plein la tête»"</ref> Basile Farkas nke ''[[Rock & Folk]]'' kọwara ya dị ka "eze nwanyị nke mwute",<ref name="rocknfolk">{{cite web|url=https://www.rocknfolk.com/interview/francoise-hardy-les-guitares-electriques-planantes-cest-ce-dont-jai-reve-toute-ma-vie/4087|language=French|access-date=15 May 2021|last=Farkas|first=Basile|date=20 May 2018|work=[[Rock & Folk]]|title=Les guitares électriques planantes, c'est ce dont j'ai rêvé toute ma vie|archive-date=16 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210516062953/https://www.rocknfolk.com/interview/francoise-hardy-les-guitares-electriques-planantes-cest-ce-dont-jai-reve-toute-ma-vie/4087|url-status=live}}</ref> Hardy n'onwe ya kwuru na 2012: "N'egwu, ihe kacha amasị m bụ egwu dị nwayọ na nke mwute... Ọ bụghị n'ụzọ na-ada ada, kama n'ụzọ na-ebuli elu... M ka na-achọ ịhụ egwu na-agbawa obi nke ga-eme ka anya mmiri gbaa m. Egwu nke àgwà ya na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ihe dị nsọ."<ref name="QuinoneroTete" /> Cosette Schulz nke ''[[Exclaim!]]'' kọwara ya dị ka "ọkachamara n'ịmepụta egwu dị mfe mana mara mma".<ref name="exclaim" /> Ndị edemede ejirila egwu Hardy tụnyere nke onye na-abụ abụ Bekee [[Marianne Faithfull]].<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Hm5OCAAAQBAJ&pg=PT15|access-date=11 May 2021|title=Brit Girls of the Sixties Volume Two: Marianne Faithfull & Kathy Kirby|first=David|last=Bret|author-link=David Bret|year=2014|isbn=978-1291801408|publisher=[[Lulu.com]]}}</ref> N'ịtụnyere ndị ọbụ abụ abụọ ahụ, Keith Altham nke ''[[The Guardian]]'' dere na 2014: "Ha abụọ na-abụ abụ mwute n'ụdị dị mfe nke ndị mmadụ. Ha abụọ nwere otu mmasị ahụ dịka ihere, iwe, na ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ihe ijuanya gbasara ha. Ha abụọ nwere àgwà dị egwu, nke 'naanị onwe ha' gbasara olu ha nke chọrọ ọmịiko na nlebara anya."<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/culture/2014/aug/20/marianne-faithfull-more-of-beatles-than-a-stones-fan-classic-interview|title=Marianne Faithfull: 'I'm more of a Beatles than a Stones fan' – a classic interview|last=Altham|first=Keith|access-date=17 May 2021|date=20 August 2014|work=[[The Guardian]]|archive-date=12 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240612010647/https://www.theguardian.com/culture/2014/aug/20/marianne-faithfull-more-of-beatles-than-a-stones-fan-classic-interview|url-status=live}}</ref> E wezụga egwu ndị mbụ o dere, ọtụtụ n'ime egwu ya nke afọ 1960 gụnyere ụdị ndị omenkà si mba ọzọ nke gụnyere ọtụtụ ụdị dị iche iche, gụnyere ndị America [[òtù ụmụ agbọghọ]], ndị mbụ [[rockabilly]], ndị tupu Beatles [[egwu rock nke Britain|egwu rock na roll nke Britain]], [[egwu obodo]], [[egwu ọdịnala nke oge a|egwu ọdịnala]], [[folk-rock]] na, ruo n'ókè dị nta, [[doo-wop]] na [[Mkpụrụ obi egwu|mkpụrụ obi]].<ref name="originales" /> Isi okwu ndị na-apụtakarị n'egwú ya bụ mwute, ihe mgbu nke onwe, [[Obi gbawara agbawa | ihe mgbu obi]], [[ịhụnanya otu akụkụ]], enweghị ụra, ike ọgwụgwụ, [[naanị onwe]], na njide onwe onye.<ref name="QuinoneroRouge" /><ref name="popmatters" /> A tụkwanyere okwu ya [[deadpan]], nke e ji "ikuku dị jụụ na nke na-adịghị ekpo ọkụ" mara, tụnyere nke onye na-abụ abụ German [[Nico (onye na-abụ abụ)|Nico]].<ref name="blurt">{{cite web |last=Kopp |first=Bill |date=14 October 2014 |title=BEYOND THE VALLEY OF THE FRANCOPHILES: Françoise Hardy |url=https://blurtonline.com/feature/beyond-the-valley-of-the-francophiles-francoise-hardy/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210505152753/https://blurtonline.com/feature/beyond-the-valley-of-the-francophiles-francoise-hardy/ |archive-date=5 May 2021 |access-date=16 May 2021 |work=[[Blurt (magazine)|Blurt]] |accessdate=4 June 2026 |archivedate=5 May 2021 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210505152753/https://blurtonline.com/feature/beyond-the-valley-of-the-francophiles-francoise-hardy/ }}</ref> [[File:Francoise Hardy ad.jpg|thumb|Hardy na 1965|172x172px]] A maara Hardy maka ịkpachara anya n'egwu ya, dịka mkpebi ya ịhapụ ụlọ ihe nkiri French dị ala maka ụlọ ihe nkiri dị elu na London.<ref name="Deluxe60" /> Ka ọ na-etolite, Hardy malitere ide abụ nke na-eme ka obi dajụọ ya, mana ọ họrọkwara n'ime ọrụ ndị ọkachamara na-edu ndú.<ref name="sixties" /> Onye mmepụta [[Erick Benzi]] chetara: "Site na mgbe ọ dị afọ 18, ọ maara na ọ dị iche. O nwere ike ịga n'ihu ndị omenkà ukwu dịka [[Charles Aznavour]] wee sị, 'Abụ gị dị egwu, achọghị m ịbụ ya.' Ọ dịghị mgbe ọ dara ghi n'okwu ya."<ref name="uncut" /> [[Tony Cox (record producer)|Tony Cox]] chetara ahụmịhe ya na Hardy na-arụkọ ọrụ: "Françoise dị mma n'ihi na ọ na-enwe mmasị n'ihe dị iche iche karịa ka ọ na-adịkarị. E nwere ntakịrị nke Left Bank{{refn|group=note|name=Left Bank}} gbasara ya - ọ bụghị onye na-abụ abụ pop nkịtị gị, nke ahụ bụ eziokwu."<ref name="uncut" /><ref name="ledevoir21">{{cite web |last=Cormier |first=Sylvain |date=15 May 2021 |title="Chansons sur toi et nous": les mots de la parolière |trans-title="Songs about you and us": the lyricist's words |url=https://www.ledevoir.com/lire/601112/chansons-sur-toi-et-nous-les-mots-de-la-paroliere |access-date=30 May 2021 |work=[[Le Devoir]] |language=French}}</ref> Ọ bụ ezie na a na-ewere ya dị ka otu n'ime ndị na-akwado [[yé-yé]] nke ukwuu, ọ dị iche na ndị ọgbọ ya n'ide ọtụtụ ihe o dere.<ref name="originales" /><ref name="npr" /> A makwaara ya maka ime ka nkà ya dị ka onye na-abụ abụ na onye na-akụ egwu dị ala.<ref name="internautes">{{cite web |last=Ollivier |first=Stéphane |date=7 July 2000 |title=L'interview des internautes : Françoise Hardy |trans-title=The internet users' interview: Françoise Hardy |url=https://www.lesinrocks.com/musique/linterview-des-internautes-francoise-hardy-98657-07-07-2000/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210510143831/https://www.lesinrocks.com/musique/linterview-des-internautes-francoise-hardy-98657-07-07-2000/ |archive-date=10 May 2021 |access-date=8 May 2021 |work=[[Les Inrockuptibles]] |language=French}}</ref> Ihe ndị o dere emeghị ka ọ dị ka ọ na-emebu, dịka o gwara''Rock & Folk'' na 2018: "Aghọtara m na ọ bụrụgodị na m mụta ihe, agaghị m enwe ike ime nke ọma dịka ezigbo ndị na-abụ abụ. Ọ bụ ya mere m ji chee na ọ kacha mma ịkpọbata ndị egwu ọrụ ha metụrụ m n'ahụ."<ref name="rocknfolk" /> === Mmetụta === N’oge mbụ, mmasị egwu ya bụ ndị na-abụ French ''[[chanson]]'', gụnyere Cora Vaucaire, [[Georges Guétary]], [[Charles Trenet]], na [[Jacques Brel]], ebe ọ bụ na n’afọ 1950s nke a bụ naanị egwu a na-akpọ na redio.<ref name="allmusic" /><ref name="melodides">{{cite web |last=Norot |first=Anne-Claire |date=7 July 2000 |title=Françoise Hardy : ses mélodies du bonheur |url=https://www.lesinrocks.com/musique/francoise-hardy-ses-melodies-du-bonheur-98659-07-07-2000/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210508234645/https://www.lesinrocks.com/musique/francoise-hardy-ses-melodies-du-bonheur-98659-07-07-2000/ |archive-date=8 May 2021 |access-date=8 May 2021 |work=[[Les Inrockuptibles]] |language=French}}</ref><ref name="radio" /> O kwuru na Trenet metụrụ ya n’obi karịa ndị ọzọ n’ihi na egwu ya “na-ewute ma dịkwa nro”.<ref>{{cite web |last=Médioni |first=Gilles |date=21 November 2011 |title=Le musée imaginaire de Françoise Hardy |url=https://www.lexpress.fr/culture/musique/le-musee-imaginaire-de-francoise-hardy_1189809.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210508232040/https://www.lexpress.fr/culture/musique/le-musee-imaginaire-de-francoise-hardy_1189809.html |archive-date=8 May 2021 |access-date=8 May 2021 |work=[[L'Express]] |language=French}}</ref> Hardy bụkwa nnukwu onye na-akwado onye na-abụ abụ na onye na-ede egwu [[Barbara (singer)|Barbara]], bụ onye kpaliri ya ide abụ nke ya.<ref name="uncut" /> N’oge mmalite 1960s, e webatara ya na rock and roll nke asụsụ Bekee na [[Brill Building pop]] site na [[Radio Luxembourg]] ma were mmụọ nsọ site n’aka ndị omenkà dịka [[Brenda Lee]],<ref name="vie" /> [[the Everly Brothers]], [[the Shadows]], [[Cliff Richard]], [[Neil Sedaka]], [[Connie Francis]], ma karịsịa [[Elvis Presley]] na [[Paul Anka]].<ref name="allmusic" /><ref name="Deluxe57">Deluxe, 2013. p. 57</ref><ref name="melodides" /><ref name="life">{{cite web |last=Moreland |first=Quinn |date=15 October 2020 |title=French Icon Françoise Hardy on the Music of Her Life |url=https://pitchfork.com/features/5-10-15-20/french-icon-francoise-hardy-on-the-music-of-her-life/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210427230731/https://pitchfork.com/features/5-10-15-20/french-icon-francoise-hardy-on-the-music-of-her-life/ |archive-date=27 April 2021 |access-date=27 April 2021 |publisher=[[Pitchfork (website)|Pitchfork]]}}</ref> Hardy kwuru na ọ “juru ya anya kpamkpam” site n’aka ndị omenkà ndị a na-eto eto si mba ọzọ, wee malite ịgba egwu ma kpọọ guitar iji gbalịa iṅomi ha.<ref name="radio" /> O chetara na 2008: “Ozugbo ahụ m jikọtara onwe m na ha, n’ihi na ha na-egosipụta ịnọ naanị n’oge ntorobịa na ihere, n’elu melodi ndị na-akpali karịa okwu ha”.<ref name="Hardy Two" /> Egwu Hardy n’akụkụ nke abụọ nke afọ iri ahụ tinyere mmetụta sitere na British Invasion pop phenomenon na “mweghachi siri ike nke ụkpụrụ ọdịnala French ''chanson'', ọ bụghị yé-yé ma ọ bụ ‘Left Bank’,{{refn|group=note|name=Left Bank|The "Left Bank" scene—named after the [[Rive Gauche|left bank of the Seine]]—was a subgenre of French ''chanson'' that emerged in the 1940s, characterized by its stripped-down sound and "emphasis on poetic craftsmanship".<ref>{{cite book|access-date=31 May 2021|pages=93–94|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1KLrkA9LoIoC&pg=PA93|title=Music and the Elusive Revolution: Cultural Politics and Political Culture in France, 1968–1981|first=Eric|last=Drott|publisher=[[University of California Press]]|year=2011|isbn=978-0520268975|archive-date=12 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240612010652/https://books.google.com/books?id=1KLrkA9LoIoC&pg=PA93#v=onepage&q&f=false|url-status=live}}</ref>}} kama nke ahụ, kama nke ịhụnanya”.<ref name="QuinoneroFleur">Quinonero, 2017, "«La plus belle des fleurs de ton jardin»"</ref> Album ya nke 1964 ''Mon amie la rose'' tinyere mmetụta sitere na usoro [[Wall of Sound]] nke [[Phil Spector]],<ref name="dois" /> yana onye na-ede egwu Italiant [[Ennio Morricone]].<ref name="p4kreviews" /> Onye guitar na onye nhazi si Brazil Tuca mere ka Hardy mata [[bossa nova]], nke mechara rute na album 1971 [[La question (album)|''La Question'']].<ref name="telerama16" /><ref name="franceinter">{{cite web |last1=Varrod |first1=Didier |date=16 July 2016 |title=Comment te dire Hardy |url=https://www.franceinter.fr/emissions/comment-te-dire-hardy/comment-te-dire-hardy-16-juillet-2016 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161028022834/https://www.franceinter.fr/emissions/comment-te-dire-hardy/comment-te-dire-hardy-16-juillet-2016 |archive-date=28 October 2016 |access-date=27 October 2016 |publisher=[[France Inter]] |language=fr}}</ref> Hardy bụ onye na-enwe mmasị n’aka onye na-abụ abụ na onye na-ede egwu folk nke Bekee [[Nick Drake]].<ref name="nickdrake">{{cite book |last=Humphries |first=Patrick |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Gu8xvkUc91cC&pg=PT190 |title=Nick Drake: The Biography |publisher=[[Bloomsbury Publishing]] |year=2012 |isbn=978-1408841440 |access-date=11 May 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240612010655/https://books.google.com/books?id=Gu8xvkUc91cC&pg=PT190#v=onepage&q&f=false |archive-date=12 June 2024 |url-status=live}}</ref> O chetara: “Maka m, ọ bụghị nke omenala Britain pụrụ iche... Ọ bụ mkpụrụ obi na-apụta n’egwu ya kpatara m mmetụta miri emi—ihe ịhụnanya, uri... kamakwa melodi ndị a nụchara anụcha. Tinyere ụda olu ya pụrụ iche, nke na-eme ka obi mgbu nke ihe ahụ dum dịkwuo omimi.”<ref name="nickdrake" /> A na-ahụkarị na àgwà ha, olu ha, na mmasị ha n’ụda chords na harmony yiri ibe ha.<ref name="uncut" /> N’afọ 1972, album mbụ [[Véronique Sanson]] mere mmetụta n’ahụ Hardy, nke mere ka ọ malite iche na egwu nke ya aghọwo nke oge gara aga.<ref name="life" /> O kọwara echiche ya banyere Sanson n’akwụkwọ akụkọ ndụ ya: “Ọ dị ka mmetụta Bekee na Amerịka nke yé-yé ji obi ụtọ na-eṅomi... e tinyere ya nke ọma ma mepụta ihe ọhụrụ nke tozuru oke n’egwu, ma bụrụkwa nke onwe.”<ref name="HardyEight" /> Mpụta ọrụ Hardy na 1996 ''Le danger'' tinyere mmetụta sitere na otu Bekee [[Portishead (band)|Portishead]]<ref name="allmusic" /> yana ụdị egwu [[grunge]], [[Britpop]], na [[roots rock]].<ref name="LeDanger" /><ref name="telerama16" /> ===Mmepe=== ====1962–1967==== Album mbụ Hardy zuru ogologo oge, ''Tous les garçons et les filles'', nke nwere mmetụ rockabilly, bụ nke kacha nso o ruru n’ụdị yé-yé. A maara album ahụ maka ndokwa dị mfe na nke minimalizim, nke gụnyere gita acoustic na electric, bass, na percussion nke nwere mmetụta jazz.<ref name="p4kreviews"/><ref name="yehyeh">{{cite web|url=https://www.allmusic.com/album/the-yeh-yeh-girl-from-paris-mw0000385568|publisher=[[AllMusic]]|title=The Yeh-Yeh Girl from Paris – Françoise Hardy|first=Stewart|last=Mason|access-date=14 May 2021|archive-date=13 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210513165924/https://www.allmusic.com/album/the-yeh-yeh-girl-from-paris-mw0000385568|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="dois"/> Album ya na-esote, ''Le premier bonheur du jour,'' tinyere ngwá ọrụ dị mgbagwoju anya karị na uri egwu,<ref name="exclaim">{{cite web|url=https://exclaim.ca/music/article/francoise_hardy-tous_les_garcons_et_les_filles_le_premier_bonheur_du_jour_mon_amie_la_rose_lamitie_la_maison_ou_jai_grandi|access-date=15 May 2021|title=Françoise Hardy – Tous les garçons et les filles / Le premier bonheur du jour / Mon amie la rose / L'Amitié / La maison où j'ai grandi|date=14 October 2015|work=[[Exclaim!]]|first=Cosette|last=Schulz|archive-date=15 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210515074500/https://exclaim.ca/music/article/francoise_hardy-tous_les_garcons_et_les_filles_le_premier_bonheur_du_jour_mon_amie_la_rose_lamitie_la_maison_ou_jai_grandi|url-status=live}}</ref> jiri [[electric organ]] na nhazi eriri “na-ebe akwa”,<ref name="dois"/> ma tinye egwu sitere n’ụdị jazz na otu ụmụ agbọghọ America dịka [[the Crystals]] na [[the Ronettes]].<ref name="p4kreviews"/> N’etiti afọ 1960, egwu ya ghọrọ nke juputara ma baa ụba karị<ref name="uncut"/> mgbe ọ kwagara London ka ya na onye nhazi egwu [[Charles Blackwell (music arranger)|Charles Blackwell]] rụọ ọrụ, onye nyere ya ohere “iru ọkwa ọhụrụ nke sophistication.”<ref name="Deluxe60"/> Album ''Mon amie la rose,'' nke e wepụtara na 1964, gosiri mmụba n’ịdị mgbagwoju anya n’egwu ya, jiri olu siri ike karị na nyocha ọhụrụ n’usoro abụ.<ref name="exclaim"/><ref name="blurt"/> Ihe Hardy mere na 1965–66 gosiri uto na mmepe ụdị ya, na mmepụta ndị “si na ụda yeh-yé dị ntakịrị ma dị thin gaa n’ụdị rock nhazi zuru oke karị.”<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.allmusic.com/album/the-vogue-years-mw0000461878|title=The Vogue Years – Françoise Hardy|first=John|last=Bush|access-date=14 May 2021|publisher=[[AllMusic]]|archive-date=14 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210514175437/https://www.allmusic.com/album/the-vogue-years-mw0000461878|url-status=live}}</ref> Ụda zuru oke nke album ya na-esote, ''L'amitié,'' bụ nke sara mbara nke ukwuu.<ref name="bestfit">{{cite web|url=https://www.thelineofbestfit.com/features/articlestrack-by-track/francoise-hardy-reissues|work=[[The Line of Best Fit]]|access-date=16 May 2021|date=23 February 2016|title=The fleeting voice of a generation: Françoise Hardy's first five albums reassessed|last=Hayley|first=Scott|archive-date=16 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210516063437/https://www.thelineofbestfit.com/features/articlestrack-by-track/francoise-hardy-reissues|url-status=live|accessdate=4 June 2026|archivedate=16 May 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210516063437/https://www.thelineofbestfit.com/features/articlestrack-by-track/francoise-hardy-reissues}}</ref> Dị ka [[Pitchfork (website)|Pitchfork]] Hazel Cills si kwuo: “Ọ bụ naanị ruo album nke ise ya, ''La maison où j'ai grandi,'' ka Hardy malitere inwe ụda tozuru etozu, nke [[Baroque pop|baroque]], nke dabara na omimi nke mwute ya na mgbagwoju ya.”<ref name="p4kreviews"/> Warfield chere na nke a bụ album ebe ọ “tọrọ ntọala nke ọma n’ụda ya, na-egosi anyị onye na-eme egwu anyị ka nwere ike ịmata ya ọbụna mgbe ọ dị afọ 70.”<ref name="dois"/> Na ''Ma jeunesse fout le camp,'' album ikpeazụ ya nke afọ 1960 e dekọrọ na London, ọ “kwagara n’ụdị ballad [[Orchestral pop|orchestrated pop]] nke tozuru etozu ma dị jụụ karị”<ref name="mjflc">{{cite web|url=https://www.allmusic.com/album/ma-jeunesse-fout-le-camp-mw0000455346|title=Ma Jeunesse Fout Le Camp – Françoise Hardy|access-date=14 May 2021|first=Richie|last=Unterberger|publisher=[[AllMusic]]|author-link=Richie Unterberger|archive-date=7 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210507180645/https://www.allmusic.com/album/ma-jeunesse-fout-le-camp-mw0000455346|url-status=live}}</ref> nke a kọwara dị ka “nkwedebe ya na oge yé-yé.”<ref name="trodaec">{{cite web |last=Trodaec |first=Michel |date=8 April 2020 |title=Les trésors de nos discothèques. Françoise Hardy a chanté tant de belles choses |trans-title=The treasures of our record collections. Françoise Hardy sang so many beautiful things. |url=https://www.ouest-france.fr/culture/musiques/les-tresors-de-nos-discotheques-francoise-hardy-chante-tant-de-belles-choses-6803149 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210602213817/https://www.ouest-france.fr/culture/musiques/les-tresors-de-nos-discotheques-francoise-hardy-chante-tant-de-belles-choses-6803149 |archive-date=2 June 2021 |access-date=30 May 2021 |work=[[Ouest-France]] |language=French}}</ref> ==== 1968–1974 ==== Na nloghachi Hardy na ụlọ ndekọ French, 1968 ''Comment te dire adieu'' nwere ụdị [[Middle of the road (music)|MOR]] karịa ọrụ ya gara aga.<ref name="ctda">{{cite web|url=https://www.allmusic.com/album/comment-te-dire-adieu-mw0000745282|title=Comment Te Dire Adieu – Françoise Hardy|access-date=14 May 2021|first=Richie|last=Unterberger|publisher=[[AllMusic]]|author-link=Richie Unterberger|archive-date=13 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210513000744/https://www.allmusic.com/album/comment-te-dire-adieu-mw0000745282|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Richie Unterberger]] weere egwu ya dịka “ikekwe ọbụna nke jupụtara n’iru uju na mmetụta karịa ka ọ na-adị”.<ref name="ctda"/> Ka oge yé-yé na-apụ n’anya mgbe ngagharị [[May 68]] gasịrị na France, Hardy “gbanwere onwe ya bụrụ onye na-egosi folk-rock/jazz ''chanteuse'' nke na-adịghị mfe ịchọta” n’ọrụ ya n’afọ 1970s mbụ.<ref name="mattjames">{{cite web|url=https://www.popmatters.com/179429-francoise-hardy-message-personnel-40th-anniversary-edition-2495683722.html|title=Françoise Hardy: Message Personnel (40th Anniversary Edition)|access-date=11 May 2021|publisher=[[PopMatters]]|last=James|first=Matt|date=21 March 2014|archive-date=11 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210511133658/https://www.popmatters.com/179429-francoise-hardy-message-personnel-40th-anniversary-edition-2495683722.html|url-status=live}}</ref> O mepụtara ụdị dịkwuo tozuru etozu, nke na-adịchaghị pop, iji gosipụta akụkụ dị omimi nke onwe ya.<ref name="rfi"/> A kọwara ya dị ka “album mbụ Françoise Hardy nke dị ezigbo onwe”,<ref name="monroe"/> album 1971 ''La question,'' nke na-aga n’ụzọ ụda na-adịghị azụmahịa ma na-enweghị [[Hook (music)|hooks]] doro anya, weere dị ka mgbanwe dị mkpa n’ọrụ ya.<ref name="telerama16">{{cite web|url=http://www.telerama.fr/musique/francoise-hardy-en-question,140803.php|title=Françoise Hardy en question|last1=Rigoulet|first1=Laurent|date=9 April 2016|work=[[Télérama]]|publisher=Groupe Le Monde|access-date=25 October 2016|language=fr|archive-date=26 October 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161026080152/http://www.telerama.fr/musique/francoise-hardy-en-question,140803.php|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://elpais.com/elpais/2013/02/15/gente/1360951854_946751.html|title=La 'chanson' de la musa madura|last1=Galán|first1=Lola|date=15 February 2013|work=[[El País]]|publisher=Ediciones El País, S.L.|access-date=27 October 2016|language=es|quote=Atrás quedan los temas de su primera etapa, cancioncillas pegadizas de las que abomina. Hasta ''La question'', de 1971, a partir de la cual se inicia una segunda época de la que sí está orgullosa.|archive-date=12 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240612012528/https://elpais.com/elpais/2013/02/15/gente/1360951854_946751.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Ọ bụ otu n’ime ọrụ ya kacha dị jụụ, nwere nhazi ụda dị nro na nke akụrụngwa acoustic, gụnyere guitar, ntakịrị bass na orchestration dị nro.<ref name="originales"/><ref name="allmusicquestion">{{cite web| author-link=Richie Unterberger| url=http://www.allmusic.com/album/la-question-mw0000473522| last=Unterberger| first=Richie| title=La Question – Françoise Hardy| publisher=[[AllMusic]]| access-date=4 May 2014| archive-date=29 July 2014| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140729073948/http://www.allmusic.com/album/la-question-mw0000473522| url-status=live}}</ref> A kọwara olu Hardy dị ka “nke na-adọrọ adọrọ” na “nke dị nro”, mgbe ụfọdụ “[na-eji] hum melodic [[humming]] kama ịbụ abụ, na-egosipụta mmetụta nke abụ ahụ n’enweghị okwu.”<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.musthear.com/music/reviews/francoise-hardy/la-question/|title=Françoise Hardy – La question|last=Ballon|first=John|date=6 October 2008|publisher=MustHear|access-date=10 November 2016|archive-date=11 November 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161111200219/http://www.musthear.com/music/reviews/francoise-hardy/la-question/|url-status=live|accessdate=4 June 2026|archivedate=11 November 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161111200219/http://www.musthear.com/music/reviews/francoise-hardy/la-question/}}</ref> ''La question'' bụkwa oge mbụ Hardy sonyeere n’ịhọrọ nhazi strings maka ọrụ ya.<ref name="HardySeven">Hardy, 2018 [2008], "Seven"</ref> Mgbe ''La question'' gasịrị, Hardy gara n’ihu n’ụzọ egwu folk na rock kpaliri ya.<ref name="QuinoneroRouge">Quinonero, 2017, "Le rouge et l'orange"</ref> Nke a mere ka onye nrụpụta [[Joe Boyd]] kwuo ka Nick Drake dee album abụ maka Hardy, nke Tony Cox ga-emepụta.<ref name="uncut">{{cite web|url=https://www.uncut.co.uk/features/francoise-hardy-interviewed-head-im-still-young-105862/|title=Françoise Hardy interviewed: "In my head I'm still very young"|access-date=9 May 2021|first=Tom|last=Pinnock|work=[[Uncut (magazine)|Uncut]]|date=15 June 2018|archive-date=9 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210509061403/https://www.uncut.co.uk/features/francoise-hardy-interviewed-head-im-still-young-105862/|url-status=live}}</ref> Ndị abụọ ahụ zutere ọtụtụ oge, gụnyere nleta Nick Drake na nnọkọ ndekọ Hardy na London, ma a naghị eme atụmatụ ahụ.<ref name="uncut"/><ref name="nickdrake"/> Cox nwere mmasị ịrụ ọrụ na Hardy, ma n’ọnwa ikpeazụ nke 1971 dekọọ ''If You Listen'', nke jiri “otu ndị egwu British folk-rock kacha mma”.<ref name="uncut"/> N’ihi mmetụta Drake,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://aquariumdrunkard.com/2020/02/28/the-lagniappe-sessions-yann-tiersen/|title=The Lagniappe Sessions: Yann Tiersen|access-date=15 May 2021|date=28 February 2020|publisher=[[Aquarium Drunkard]]|archive-date=15 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210515185819/https://aquariumdrunkard.com/2020/02/28/the-lagniappe-sessions-yann-tiersen/|url-status=live}}</ref> album ahụ gosipụtara nhazi “cinematic” nke na-etinye guitar acoustic na strings dị nro.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.allmusic.com/album/if-you-listen-mw0000462501|title=If You Listen – Françoise Hardy|author-link=Richie Unterberger|last=Unterberger|first=Richie|access-date=14 May 2021|publisher=[[AllMusic]]|archive-date=14 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210514171245/https://www.allmusic.com/album/if-you-listen-mw0000462501|url-status=live}}</ref> N’otu afọ ahụ, Hardy wepụtara ''Et si je m'en vais avant toi'', nke tinyere mmetụta blues, folk, na rock nke America<ref name="QuinoneroRouge"/><ref name="orangenightfall">{{cite web|author=Waltersmoke|date=31 May 2014|title=Françoise HARDY – Et Si Je M'en Vais Avant Toi (1972)|url=http://fp.nightfall.fr/index_6784_franoise-hardy-et-si-je-m-en-vais-avant-toi.html|publisher=Forces Parallèles. Nightfall.fr|language=French|access-date=27 May 2021|archive-date=12 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240612012437/http://fp.nightfall.fr/index_6784_franoise-hardy-et-si-je-m-en-vais-avant-toi.html|url-status=live}}</ref> ma nwee, n’ụzọ pụrụ iche, ụda dị ntakịrị nke na-akpa ọchị na rhythm ndị na-adọrọ mmasị.<ref name="QuinoneroRouge"/> Hardy kpọrọ [[Michel Berger]], onye nrụpụta album mbụ Véronique Sanson, ka ọ duzie mmepụta album ya 1973 ''Message personnel.''<ref name="HardyEight"/> Album ahụ nwere nhazi nke [[Michel Bernholc]], onye duziri “otu rock band dị mfe na nke nwere strings jupụtara, [na-eme ka] olu Hardy dị nro ma na-adọrọ adọrọ pụta ìhè.”<ref name="mpr">{{cite web|url=https://www.allmusic.com/album/message-personnel-mw0000728077|publisher=[[AllMusic]]|access-date=14 May 2021|title=Message Personnel – Françoise Hardy|first=Thom|last=Jurek|archive-date=12 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240612072647/https://www.allmusic.com/album/message-personnel-mw0000728077|url-status=live}}</ref> Album ahụ nwere ọnọdụ jupụtara n’iru uju na nke na-enyo enyo, yana “ụda tozuru etozu, nke dị mma maka ndị okenye”.<ref name="mattjames"/> Ndekọ 1974 ''Entr'acte'' bụ mgbalị mbụ Hardy mere n’ime [[concept album]], nke nwere okwu na-akọ “usoro nke abalị otu oge n’etiti onye ọbịa na nwa agbọghọ, onye a hapụrụ n’ihi nwoke ọ hụrụ n’anya, na-achọ ịkwụ ya ụgwọ”.<ref name="HardyNine">Hardy, 2018 [2008], "Nine"</ref> Ọ nwere nhazi orchestral nke [[Del Newman]], onye rụrụ ọrụ na album Elton John ''[[Goodbye Yellow Brick Road]]'' na album Cat Stevens ''[[Tea for the Tillerman]]''.<ref name="HardyNine"/> ==== 1975–2018 ==== Album ''Star,'' nke 1977, nke bụ ndekọ [[Jazz pop|''pop nwere ntụziaka jazz'']], bụ album mbụ Hardy mere ka Gabriel Yared hazie, onye mepụtara ihe ọ na-emepụta ruo afọ iri sochirinụ.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://fp.nightfall.fr/index_6929_franoise-hardy-star.html|language=French|access-date=27 May 2021|title=Françoise HARDY – Star (1977)|author=Waltersmoke|publisher=Forces Parallèles. Nightfall.fr|date=18 July 2014|archive-date=27 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210527030741/http://fp.nightfall.fr/index_6929_franoise-hardy-star.html|url-status=live}}</ref> N’afọ 1978, ka [[disco]] na-achị ụlọ ọrụ egwu, Yared gbalịrị ime ka ụda ya kwekọọ na oge ahụ site na mwepụta nke ''Musique saoûle'', nke tinyere rhythms sitere na [[funk music]].<ref name="QuinoneroTonic">Quinonero, 2017, "Saoule au gin-tonic"</ref> Onye na-abụ egwu kwuru mgbe e mesịrị na ọ naghị adị ya mma ma na-eme ya ihere mgbe ọ na-abụ abụ n’elu rhythms egwu ịgba egwu.<ref name="QuinoneroTonic"/> Album nke 1988 ''Décalages,'' nke a ma ama maka ụda ya nwere ọtụtụ layers na ikuku pụrụ iche,<ref name="ledangerrocks">{{cite web|url=https://www.lesinrocks.com/musique/track-of-confinement-9-le-danger-de-francoise-hardy-147752-26-03-2020/|language=French|work=[[Les Inrockuptibles]]|title=Track of confinement #9 : Le Danger, de Françoise Hardy|date=26 March 2020|first=Franck|last=Vergeade|access-date=26 May 2021|archive-date=27 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210527023538/https://www.lesinrocks.com/musique/track-of-confinement-9-le-danger-de-francoise-hardy-147752-26-03-2020/|url-status=live}}</ref> tinyere iji [[Synclavier]] synthesizer, n’agbanyeghị na onye na-abụ egwu achọghị ụda dijitalụ nke oge ahụ kama ọ họọrọ ụdị acoustic.<ref name="HardyThirteen"/> N’afọ 1996, site n’ike mmụọ nsọ sitere na [[alternative rock]] scene, Hardy gbanwere gaa n’ụdị egwu rock nke oge ọhụrụ, nke na-egosipụta ike na guitar, na album ''Le danger'', album mbụ ya mgbe afọ asaa gachara.<ref name="allmusic"/><ref name="LeDanger">{{cite web|url=https://www.allmusic.com/album/le-danger-mw0000610510|author-link=Richie Unterberger|last=Unterberger|first=Richie|publisher=[[AllMusic]]|access-date=10 May 2021|title=Le Danger – Françoise Hardy|archive-date=9 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210509091056/https://www.allmusic.com/album/le-danger-mw0000610510|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Pitchfork (website)|Pitchfork]]’s Jazz Monroe kọwara egwu ya dị ka "[[Adult contemporary music|adult-contemporary]] [[space rock]]".<ref name="monroe"/> Ụda siri ike na okwu nke album ahụ gosipụtara oge "ọchịchịrị nke ukwuu" nke onye na-abụ egwu nọ n’ime ya n’oge ahụ.<ref name="internautes"/> Ọdịda azụmaahịa nke ''Le danger'', tinyere ihe ndị ọzọ, mere ka Hardy laghachi n’ụdị egwu ya dị nro na nke dị mfe maka album sochirinụ, ''[[Clair-obscur (album)|Clair-obscur]]'', nke pụtara n’afọ 2000,<ref name="internautes"/> ma album ise ikpeazụ ya gosipụtara ụda mara mma ma juputara n’obi mgbu na ntụgharị uche.<ref name="trodaec"/> Album 2006 ''(Parenthèses...)'' bụ nchịkọta duet iri na abụọ nwere mmepụta nke jiri obere tricks na mixing dị larịị, nke mere ka e jiri ya tụnyere ọrụ mbụ dị ọcha dịka ''La question''.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.allmusic.com/album/parenth%C3%A8ses-mw0000771851|publisher=[[AllMusic]]|access-date=23 May 2021|title=Parenthèses – Françoise Hardy|last=McClintock|first=J. Scott|archive-date=23 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210523200637/https://www.allmusic.com/album/parenth%C3%A8ses-mw0000771851|url-status=live}}</ref> Tụnyere album ndị gara aga, album 2010 ''La pluie sans parapluie'' nwere ụda “na-enwu karịa”, nke ụfọdụ egwu ya dabere na drum na bass kama piano ma ọ bụ strings.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.allmusic.com/album/la-pluie-sans-parapluie-mw0001969720|publisher=[[AllMusic]]|access-date=23 May 2021|title=La Pluie Sans Parapluie – Françoise Hardy|last=Prunes|first=Mariano|archive-date=23 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210523200638/https://www.allmusic.com/album/la-pluie-sans-parapluie-mw0001969720|url-status=live}}</ref> Album ya nke 2012 ''L'amour fou'' gosipụtara olu a na-abụ nke ọkara-abụ, ọkara-okwu, ma nwee ọnọdụ "nwere nnabata, nke na-atụgharị uche",<ref name="lefou">{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/2013/apr/11/francoise-hardy-amour-fou-review|title=Françoise Hardy: L'Amour Fou – review|access-date=13 May 2015|work=[[The Guardian]]|first=Caroline|last=Sullivan|date=11 April 2013|archive-date=12 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240612072659/https://www.theguardian.com/music/2013/apr/11/francoise-hardy-amour-fou-review|url-status=live}}</ref> jiri piano “mara mma”, minor chords na brushed drums dị ka nkwado.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/music/reviews/album-francoise-hardy-l-amour-fou-emi-8571960.html|access-date=13 May 2021|title=Album: Françoise Hardy, L'Amour Fou (EMI)|date=13 April 2013|first=Simon|last=Price|work=[[The Independent]]|archive-date=13 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210513045612/https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/music/reviews/album-francoise-hardy-l-amour-fou-emi-8571960.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Okwu n’abụ nke album ikpeazụ ya, ''[[Personne d'autre]]'', nke pụtara n’afọ 2018, metụtara afọ ya na-aga n’ihu na echiche banyere ọnwụ ya. Ọ lanarịrị nnukwu nsogbu ahụike kemgbe mwepụta album gara aga,<ref name="monroe">{{cite web|url=https://pitchfork.com/reviews/albums/francoise-hardy-personne-dautre/|title=Françoise Hardy: Personne d'autre Album Review|first=Jazz|last=Monroe|access-date=10 May 2021|publisher=[[Pitchfork (website)|Pitchfork]]|archive-date=11 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210511211858/https://pitchfork.com/reviews/albums/francoise-hardy-personne-dautre/|url-status=live}}</ref> ma arụ olu ya n’album ahụ metụtara ọrịa ahụ.<ref name="allmusicpersonne" /> Isiokwu ojii nke okwu n’abụ nke ''Personne d'autre'' dị iche na ụda dị nro na nke nso nke onye na-abụ egwu jiri mara ya na mbụ.<ref name="monroe" /><ref name="allmusicpersonne">{{cite web|url=https://www.allmusic.com/album/personne-dautre-mw0003160885|publisher=[[AllMusic]]|access-date=23 May 2021|title=Personne d'Autre – Françoise Hardy|first=Thom|last=Jurek|archive-date=23 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210523200637/https://www.allmusic.com/album/personne-dautre-mw0003160885|url-status=live}}</ref> == Mmemme egwu dị ndụ == [[File:Francoise Hardy C'est La Rose.jpg|thumb|left|upright|Hardy ka ọ na-eme ihe n’egwu n’afọ 1968]] Na 11 Mee 1962, Hardy mere ngosipụta mbụ ya n’ihu ndị mmadụ dịka onye na-abụ abụ dị ndụ, ya na ndị ọzọ na-eto eto na-abụ abụ, n’emume Disco Revue gala dị na [[Nancy, France|Nancy]].<ref name="QuinoneroScenes">Quinonero, 2017, "Premières scènes"</ref> Ọ rụrụ ọrụ n’abalị ekeresimesi na [[Brussels]] ma sonyekwa n’ụzọ njem egwu gara nke ọma na [[Southern France]] site na njedebe afọ 1962 ruo mmalite afọ 1963.<ref name="QuinoneroScenes" /> N’ọnwa Febrụwarị 1963, ọ pụtara na mmemme telivishọn ''Cinq colonnes à la une'' ọnụ na [[Sylvie Vartan]] na [[Sheila (French singer)|Sheila]]. E mechara were ha dị ka arụsị atọ kachasị ukwuu nke oge yé-yé, onye ọ bụla n’ime ha na-anọchite anya ụdị nwa agbọghọ oge ọhụrụ dị iche iche.<ref name="QuinoneroGraces">Quinonero, 2017, "Les Trois Grâces"</ref> O mere ngosipụta mbụ ya na ụlọ egwu [[Olympia (Paris)|Olympia]] dị na Paris, ebe ọ bụ onye meghere mmemme maka [[Richard Anthony (singer)|Richard Anthony]].<ref name="HardyThree" /> N’agbata 26 Febrụwarị na 10 Eprel, Hardy sonyere na njem egwu Gala des Stars, nke Europe n° 1 na ''Salut les copains'' kwadoro.<ref name="QuinoneroEurovision">Quinonero, 2017, "«Gala des étoiles» et concours de l'Eurovision"</ref> N’etiti ụbọchị njem egwu ndị ahụ,<ref name="QuinoneroEurovision" /> ọ nọchitere Monaco anya na [[Eurovision Song Contest 1963|Eurovision Song Contest]] nke e mere na London, ebe ọ bụrụ abụ "{{lang|fr|[[L'amour s'en va]]|italic=no}}", ma nweta ọnọdụ nke ise site na isi 25, nke ọ kesara na onye France, [[Alain Barrière]].<ref>{{cite web |title=London 1963 |url=https://eurovision.tv/event/london-1963/final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210330122650/https://eurovision.tv/event/london-1963/final |archive-date=30 March 2021 |access-date=24 June 2021 |website=Eurovision Song Contest}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Pessis |first1=Jacques |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=eDMYAQAAIAAJ |title=Chronique de la chanson française |last2=Leduc |first2=Emilie |date=2003 |publisher=Editions Chronique |isbn=9782205055214 |page=102 |language=fr |access-date=24 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240612072212/https://books.google.com/books?id=eDMYAQAAIAAJ |archive-date=12 June 2024 |url-status=live}}</ref> N’agbata 7 Nọvemba na 18 Disemba 1963, Hardy pụtara ọzọ dịka onye meghere mmemme Anthony na Olympia dị na Paris ma nweta nkwado ọma sitere n’aka ndị nta akụkọ, ndị bụbu ndị na-akatọ ụzọ ọ si arụ ọrụ n’ihu ọha n’ihi ịdị nkịtị ya.<ref name="QuinoneroVoie">Quinonero, 2017, "Suivre sa voie"</ref> Na 11 Ọktoba, Hardy rụrụ ọrụ na [[Barcelona]], Spain, dịka akụkụ nke Great Gala nke anọ nke Sedería Española.<ref name="QuinoneroCachez" /> N’ọnwa Nọvemba, ọ malitere njem egwu mbụ ya na Italy, nke gara ọtụtụ obere obodo ndị dị n’akụkụ osimiri.<ref name="QuinoneroCachez" /> Onye na-abụ abụ ahụ nwekwara nnukwu ihe ịga nke ọma na Portugal ma gaa [[Lisbon]] na njedebe afọ 1963 iji pụta na mmemme telivishọn dị iche iche.<ref name="QuinoneroCachez" /> Na 21 Febrụwarị 1964, Hardy kwalitere "Catch a Falling Star" na mmemme telivishọn Britain ''[[Ready Steady Go!]]''<ref name="QuinoneroCachez" /> ma n’otu mmemme ahụ kwa, ọ bụrụ "All Around the World". Ọ pụtakwara na [[Five O'Clock Club|''Ollie and Fred's Five O'Clock Club'']], ''[[Thank Your Lucky Stars (TV series)|Thank Your Lucky Stars]]'', na ''[[Top of the Pops]]''.<ref name="QuinoneroMonde" /> Na United States, Hardy mere ngosipụta mbụ ya na mmemme ''[[Hullabaloo (TV series)|Hullabaloo]]'' nke [[NBC]], ebe ọ bụrụ "However Much", ụdị asụsụ abụọ nke abụ [[Charles Trenet]] "[[Que reste-t-il de nos amours ?]]", nakwa nsụgharị nke "[[The Girl from Ipanema]]".<ref name="QuinoneroMonde" /> Hardy ghọrọ onye a ma ama n’otu ntabi anya na Germany mgbe ọ pụtara na telivishọn na 28 Eprel 1965 na ''Portrait in Musik'', usoro mmemme egwu e haziri ma duzie site n’aka Truck Branss.<ref name="HardyThree" /><ref name="QuinoneroMonde" /> N’okpuru nrụgide sitere n’aka ụlọ ọrụ ndekọ egwu ya nke France na Italy,<ref name="HardyThree" /> Hardy sonyere na [[Sanremo Music Festival 1966]], ebe ọ rutere n’ọkwa ikpeazụ site n’abụ "Parlami di te" nke [[Edoardo Vianello]] dere.<ref>{{cite book |last=Giannotti |first=Marcello |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=o1HE8o8RTXgC&pg=PA233 |title=L'enciclopedia di Sanremo: 55 anni di storia del festival dalla A alla Z |publisher=Gremese Editore |year=2005 |isbn=978-8884403797 |page=233 |language=Italian |trans-title=The Sanremo Encyclopedia: 55 years of the festival's history from A to Z |access-date=14 May 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240612072142/https://books.google.com/books?id=o1HE8o8RTXgC&pg=PA233#v=onepage&q&f=false |archive-date=12 June 2024 |url-status=live}}</ref> Hardy nyere ngosipụta ndụ ikpeazụ atọ ya na [[Kinshasa]], Congo, n’ọnwa Juun 1967.<ref name="QuinoneroAnglais" /> Ọ na-enwe nsogbu [[stage fright|ụjọ ịpụta n’ihu ọha]],<ref name="HardySix" /><ref>{{cite web |date=17 January 2014 |title=Chanson singer Francoise Hardy turns 70 |url=https://www.dw.com/en/chanson-singer-francoise-hardy-turns-70/a-17369531 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210516210529/https://www.dw.com/en/chanson-singer-francoise-hardy-turns-70/a-17369531 |archive-date=16 May 2021 |access-date=16 May 2021 |publisher=[[Deutsche Welle]]}}</ref> nke mere ka ọ kwụsị ime mmemme egwu dị ndụ kpamkpam n’afọ 1968.<ref name="rfi" /><ref name="franceinfointerview">{{cite web |last=Vial |first=Michel |date=17 June 2016 |title=INTERVIEW. Françoise Hardy : "J'ai l'impression d'avoir tout dit, je ne crois pas que je puisse faire mieux" |url=https://www.francetvinfo.fr/culture/musique/chanson-francaise/interview-francoise-hardy-quot-jai-limpression-davoir-tout-dit-je-ne-crois-pas-que-je-puisse-faire-mieuxquot_3305387.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240612012955/https://www.francetvinfo.fr/culture/musique/chanson-francaise/interview-francoise-hardy-quot-jai-limpression-davoir-tout-dit-je-ne-crois-pas-que-je-puisse-faire-mieuxquot_3305387.html |archive-date=12 June 2024 |access-date=18 May 2021 |publisher=[[France Info]] |language=French}}</ref> ==Ngosipụta ọha== ===Àgwà mmadụ=== Dị ka onye a ma ama n’ihu ọha, a maara Hardy nke ọma n’ihi [[ihere]] ya na omume ya nke ịdị jụụ ma ghara ịmasị ịpụta ìhè n’ihu mmadụ,<ref name="uncut"/><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20160830-why-we-should-celebrate-shyness|title=Why we should celebrate shyness|access-date=10 May 2021|last=Robson|first=David|publisher=[[BBC Future]]|date=31 August 2016|archive-date=12 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210512060158/https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20160830-why-we-should-celebrate-shyness|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="dois">{{cite web|url=https://drownedinsound.com/releases/19179/reviews/4149696|title=Album Review: Françoise Hardy – 2016 reissues|publisher=[[Drowned in Sound]]|date=15 January 2016|first=Russell|last=Warfield|access-date=11 May 2021|archive-date=11 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210511115725/https://drownedinsound.com/releases/19179/reviews/4149696|url-status=dead|accessdate=4 June 2026|archivedate=11 May 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210511115725/https://drownedinsound.com/releases/19179/reviews/4149696}}</ref> ma ndị na-ekiri ya na-ekwukarị banyere “agwa ya nke na-adịghị amasị mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya dịka onye a ma ama.”<ref name="p4kreviews">{{cite web|url=https://pitchfork.com/reviews/albums/21098-tous-les-garcons-et-les-filles-le-premier-bonheur-du-jour-mon-amie-la-rose-lamitie-la-maison-ou-jai-grandi/|access-date=13 May 2021|publisher=[[Pitchfork (website)|Pitchfork]]|title=Françoise Hardy: Tous Les Garçons Et Les Filles / Le Premier Bonheur Du Jour / Mon Amie La Rose / La Maison Ou J'Ai Grandi / L'Amitié|first=Hazel|last=Cills|date=21 October 2015|archive-date=13 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210513183852/https://pitchfork.com/reviews/albums/21098-tous-les-garcons-et-les-filles-le-premier-bonheur-du-jour-mon-amie-la-rose-lamitie-la-maison-ou-jai-grandi/|url-status=live}}</ref> N’akwụkwọ ndụ ya na n’ajụjụ ọnụ dị iche iche, ọ na-ekwu n’ụzọ doro anya banyere ọgụ ya na [[anxiety]], [[self-doubt]], [[loneliness]] na [[inferiority complex]].<ref name="HardyThree"/><ref name="HardyEight">Hardy, 2018 [2008], "Eight"</ref> Tom Pinnock nke ''Uncut'' kwuru na “ọ bụ n’ihi na ọ jụrụ iso egwuregwu nke [[showbusiness]] na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ụdị [[icon]].”<ref name="uncut"/> Ọnọdụ ya nke ịbụ [[celebrity]] n’oge na-adịghị anya ghọrọ ihe na-enye ya nnukwu nsogbu, dịka o kwuru na 2011: “Ihe niile ahụ adịghị amasị m ma ọlị, tinyere ihe ndị na-esonyere ya, mgbe n’otu ntabi anya mmadụ ghọrọ onye a ma ama nke ukwuu. (...) [Ịrụ ọrụ maka ụlọ ejiji ndị a ma ama] bụ ọrụ, ihe ndị m ga-eme, ọrụ na-agwụ ike—ọ dịghị amasị m ma ọlị... Ọ gaghị ekwe omume ka mmadụ nwee ahụ iru ala mgbe a na-enwe mmasị n’ebe ya nọ nke ukwuu—ọ bụghị ọnọdụ nkịtị. Nke ahụ anaghị amasị m ma ọlị. Eziokwu bụ na anaghị m enwe ahụ iru ala n’ọrụ ndụ m n’ezie, ya mere okwu ‘icon’—ọ dị ka a na-ekwu maka onye ọzọ, ọ bụghị m n’ezie.”<ref>{{cite AV media|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b0118bgw|title=Falling for Francoise|date=21 May 2011|publisher=Falling Tree Productions. [[BBC Radio 4 Extra]]|access-date=22 May 2011|medium=radio program|others=Andrew, John (interviewer); Hall, Alan (producer)|archive-date=16 May 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110516170724/http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b0118bgw|url-status=live}}</ref> Ọ naghịkwa enwe mmasị n’ụzọ ndụ nke [[jet-set]] na [[High society (social class)|ndị nọ n’ọkwa elu nke ọha mmadụ]].<ref name="allmusic" /><ref name="HardyThree" /> === Onye Na-ebute Ụzọ N’Ụwa Ejiji === [[File:Francoise Hardy in Venice.jpg|thumb|Hardy (nke e sere na Venice na 1966) nwere ntutu isi ya nke kpuchiri ọkpọiso ya na akpụkpọ ụkwụ ọcha ya, bụ́ ndị a na-ewere dịka ọdịdị pụrụ iche ya.]] Dị ka onye na-ese ya foto na onye nnọchi anya ya fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ naanị ya n’ime afọ iri ahụ,<ref name="Deluxe58"/> Jean-Marie Périer ghọrọ ụdị onye yiri [[Pygmalion (mythology)|Pygmalion]] nye ya,<ref name="rfi"/><ref name="Deluxe29">Deluxe, 2013. p. 29</ref><ref name="tentaciones"/> ma gbanwee onyonyo ọha nke onye na-agụ egwú ahụ site n’ịbụ “nwa agbọghọ akwụkwọ na-eme ihere ma na-enweghị ntụkwasị obi n’ile anya” gaa n’ịbụ “nwata nwanyị oge a na-eduzi usoro ejiji ọhụrụ.”<ref name="rfi"/> O dere sị: “…[Périer] gbalịrị ime ka echiche m mepee ma nyere m aka n’akụkụ ndụ niile site n’obiọma pụrụ iche ya ... n’okpuru nduzi ya ka m ghọtara mkpa mma na ọdịdị, nke ghọrọ otu n’ime ihe ndị kacha mkpa m na-atụle. Ọ kụziri m otu esi ebu onwe m ma esi eyi uwe, ma nyekwa m ndụmọdụ gbasara omume mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya.”<ref name="HardyThree"/> Ọ mere ka onye na-agụ egwú ahụ malite ịrụ ọrụ [[Model (person)|nlereanya ejiji]], ma n’oge na-adịghị anya ọ ghọrọ “kpakpando nke ụwa ejiji mba ụwa yana nke ụwa egwu France.”<ref name="rfi"/> Ndị na-ese foto dịka [[Gered Mankowitz]],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nme.com/photos/10-iconic-rock-stars-shot-by-the-legendary-gered-mankowitz-1427944|title=10 Iconic Rock Stars Shot By The Legendary Gered Mankowitz|work=[[NME]]|access-date=15 May 2021|first=Emily|last=Barker|date=12 September 2013|archive-date=15 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210515195049/https://www.nme.com/photos/10-iconic-rock-stars-shot-by-the-legendary-gered-mankowitz-1427944|url-status=live}}</ref> [[William Klein (photographer)|William Klein]] na [[Richard Avedon]] sere ya foto maka ''[[Vogue (magazine)|Vogue]]'' na akwụkwọ akụkọ ndị ọzọ.<ref name="nytimes"/> Ịpụta ya ugboro ugboro n’ihu mkpuchi magazin mere ka a mara ya dịka ihe atụ kachasị pụta ìhè nke nwanyị French a na-etinye n’ihu mkpuchi magazin n’afọ ndị 1960.<ref name="tentaciones"/><ref name="mortality"/><ref name="npr"/> N’afọ 1968, Hardy gwara otu onye nta akụkọ, sị: “Ọ bụrụ na ọ bụghị n’ihi ụzọ m si eji uwe, ọ dịghị onye ga-achọpụta m.”<ref name="achieve" /> N’otu aka ahụ, ọ gwara ''[[Vanity Fair (magazines)|Vanity Fair]]'' na 2018, sị: “Egwu m enweghị nnukwu mmasị ma e jiri ya tụnyere mmepụta egwu Anglo-Saxon. Ya mere, m tinyere obi m n’iyi uwe ọma oge ọ bụla m gara London ma ọ bụ New York. Karịsịa, abụ m onye nnọchianya ejiji.”<ref name="vanityfair" /> Dị ka otu n’ime ndị a na-akpọ “[["it girl"]]<ref name="independent05" />” na onye ndu n’ụwa ejiji,<ref name="id" /> a na-ewere Hardy dịka ihe nnọchianya zuru oke nke “Nwanyị Oge A”<ref name="mattjames" /> nakwa nke ụdị [[chic]] French nke afọ ndị 1960<ref name="sixties">{{cite news|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/arts-don-t-talk-to-me-about-the-sixties-1337101.html|title=Arts: Don't talk to me about the Sixties|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210128125214/https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/arts-don-t-talk-to-me-about-the-sixties-1337101.html|archive-date=28 January 2021|access-date=15 May 2021|date=14 June 1996|first=Philip|last=Sweeney|work=[[The Independent]]}}</ref><ref name="independent05">{{cite news|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/belle-star-1528822.html|title=Belle star|access-date=20 May 2021|date=5 February 2005|work=[[The Independent]]|last=McNair|first=James|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190330044111/https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/belle-star-1528822.html|archive-date=30 March 2019}}</ref> na [[Coolness|ịdị jụụ na ịdị mma]],<ref name="Deluxe64">Deluxe, 2013. p. 64</ref><ref name="thetimes">{{cite news|url=https://www.thetimes.com/sunday-times-rich-list/profile/article/francoise-hardy-2rzqtxjzplr|title=Françoise Hardy|date=8 January 2005|access-date=15 May 2021|work=[[The Times]]|archive-date=12 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240612012959/https://cdn.privacy-mgmt.com/wrapper/v2/messages?hasCsp=true&env=prod&body=%7B%22accountId%22%3A259%2C%22campaignEnv%22%3A%22prod%22%2C%22campaigns%22%3A%7B%22ccpa%22%3A%7B%22alwaysDisplayDNS%22%3Afalse%2C%22hasLocalData%22%3Afalse%2C%22targetingParams%22%3A%7B%7D%7D%2C%22gdpr%22%3A%7B%22consentStatus%22%3A%7B%7D%2C%22targetingParams%22%3A%7B%7D%7D%7D%2C%22clientMMSOrigin%22%3A%22https%3A%2F%2Fcdn.privacy-mgmt.com%22%2C%22hasCSP%22%3Atrue%2C%22includeData%22%3A%7B%22localState%22%3A%7B%22type%22%3A%22string%22%7D%2C%22actions%22%3A%7B%22type%22%3A%22RecordString%22%7D%2C%22cookies%22%3A%7B%22type%22%3A%22RecordString%22%7D%7D%2C%22propertyHref%22%3A%22https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thetimes.co.uk%22%2C%22propertyId%22%3A5049%7D&localState=null&metadata=%7B%22ccpa%22%3A%7B%22applies%22%3Atrue%7D%2C%22gdpr%22%3A%7B%22applies%22%3Afalse%7D%7D&nonKeyedLocalState=null&ch=446710079449740212bce6&scriptVersion=4.23.0&scriptType=unified|url-status=live}}</ref> nke a maara nke ọma n’ihi nhọrọ uwe ya ndị gara n’ihu oge ha na ụdị [[futuristic fashion]] ya.<ref name="uncut" /><ref name="vanguardistes" /> Brett Marie nke [[PopMatters]] kwuru na “echiche ya banyere ejiji na ahụ ya yiri nke ndị nlereanya nke afọ ndị 1960 mere ka ọ bụrụ akara ngosi ejiji dịka ọ bụkwa kpakpando n’ụlọ ọrụ egwu.”<ref name="popmatters" /> O chetara na 2008 na n’oge mmalite afọ ndị 1960, ahụ ya dị gịrịgịrị nke na-eme ka ihere na-eme ya ghọrọ ihe a na-ewere dị ka ejiji n’oge ahụ.<ref name="ellefr" /> A malitere ile ya anya dịka “''égérie''” ma ọ bụ mmụọ nsọ nye ndị nrụpụta ejiji France kachasị ama n’oge ahụ,<ref name="Deluxe63">Deluxe, 2013. p. 63</ref> gụnyere [[André Courrèges]],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ouest-france.fr/le-mag/mode-et-beaute/le-couturier-andre-courreges-est-mort-92-ans-3958816|title=Mort d'André Courrèges, le couturier fétiche de Françoise Hardy|access-date=13 May 2021|date=1 August 2016|language=French|work=[[Ouest-France]]|archive-date=2 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210602214342/https://www.ouest-france.fr/le-mag/mode-et-beaute/le-couturier-andre-courreges-est-mort-92-ans-3958816|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Chanel]] na [[Yves Saint Laurent (designer)|Yves Saint Laurent]].<ref name="rfi" /> Hardy kwadoro ụdị mbụ nke uwe [[Le Smoking]] nke Saint Laurent mere na 1966,<ref name="numero">{{cite web|url=https://www.numero.com/fr/mode/yves-saint-laurent-histoire-smoking-1966-rive-gauche-revolution-francoise-hardy|language=French|access-date=16 May 2021|title=Le smoking d'Yves Saint Laurent : histoire d'une révolution|first=Yasmine|last=Lahrichi|work=[[Numéro]]|date=19 June 2019|accessdate=4 June 2026|archivedate=21 May 2024|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240521132239/https://www.numero.com/fr/mode/yves-saint-laurent-histoire-smoking-1966-rive-gauche-revolution-francoise-hardy}}</ref> ma onye nrụpụta ahụ chetara na mgbe ọ kpọgara ya na [[Paris Opera]] ka o yi otu tuxedo ya, “Ndị mmadụ tiri mkpu ma kwuo okwu n’olu ike. Ọ bụ nnukwu esemokwu.”<ref name="smoking">{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/culture/article/20140710-smoking-hot-the-womans-tuxedo|title=Smoking hot: The woman's tuxedo|first=Katya|last=Foreman|date=21 October 2015|access-date=16 May 2021|publisher=BBC|archive-date=12 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240612013016/https://www.bbc.com/culture/article/20140710-smoking-hot-the-womans-tuxedo|url-status=live}}</ref> Hardy bụkwa otu n’ime ndị mbụ hụrụ ọrụ [[Paco Rabanne]] n’anya, na-eme ka onye nrụpụta ejiji Spain ahụ bụrụ onye a ma ama site n’iyi uwe ya n’oge eserese foto na mmemme telivishọn.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.vogue.fr/fashion-culture/fashion-exhibitions/diaporama/why-you-should-see-the-paco-rabanne-fashion-metallurgist-exhibition/54179|title=Why you should see the "Paco Rabanne, Fashion Metallurgist" exhibition|access-date=13 May 2021|work=[[Vogue Paris]]|first=Manon|last=Garrigues|date=13 December 2018|translator-first=Rosa Cecilia|translator-last=Gosling|archive-date=13 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210513222407/https://www.vogue.fr/fashion-culture/fashion-exhibitions/diaporama/why-you-should-see-the-paco-rabanne-fashion-metallurgist-exhibition/54179|url-status=live}}</ref> N’afọ 1968, ọ gosipụtara uwe mkpirikpi e ji efere ọlaedo dị ọcha mee na International Diamond Fair.<ref name="scotsmanobit" /><ref>{{cite journal|author=Braunstein, Peter|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/231149382|title=Visiting Planet Paco|date=February 21, 2001|journal=[[Women's Wear Daily]]|id={{ProQuest|231149382}} |language=en}}</ref> A na-eme uwe ahụ site na efere ọlaedo 1,000, diamond karat 300, ma ọ tụrụ paụnd 20; a na-ewere ya dịka “uwe kachasị ọnụ n’ụwa n’afọ 1968.”<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Newbold |first=Alice |date=2024-06-12 |title=Françoise Hardy Was the French-Girl Style Blueprint |url=https://www.vogue.com/article/francoise-hardy-french-girl-style-blueprint |access-date=2024-07-27 |website=Vogue |language=en-US}}</ref> Uwe ndị Rabanne chepụtara, gụnyere uwe ọlaedo ahụ, ghọrọ ụfọdụ n’ime ọdịdị Hardy kacha ama ama.<ref name="10lessons"/><ref name="scotsmanobit">{{cite web |date=June 22, 2024|last1=Shepherd |first1=Fiona |title=Françoise Hardy: French singersongwriter whose melancholic ballads influenced a generation |url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/3070768709 |website=[[The Scotsman]] |access-date=27 July 2024 |id={{ProQuest|3070768709}} |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":0" /><ref>{{cite news |last1=Lennon |first1=Peter |title=Newspaper Fashion: Prophet motives Paco Rabanne launched his 21st century designs 30 years ago and has been looking to the future ever since. Which is odd, because he's also a soothsayer who is certain that the end of our time is at hand |url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/294978425 |date=June 10, 1995|page=48|work=The Guardian |id={{ProQuest|294978425}} }}</ref> Hardy gosipụtara uwe ndị ụlọ ọrụ ''[[ready-to-wear|prêt-à-porter]]'' ọhụrụ na-emepụta,<ref name="CRF">{{cite web|url=https://www.crfashionbook.com/culture/a15166094/francoise-hardy-ye-ye-girls-1960s-french-fashion/|title=The Enduring Style of Françoise Hardy and the Yé-Yé Girls|last=Darcella|first=Aria|work=CR Fashion Book|date=17 January 2018|access-date=15 May 2021|publisher=CR Fashion Book. [[Hearst Communications]]|archive-date=15 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210515033723/https://www.crfashionbook.com/culture/a15166094/francoise-hardy-ye-ye-girls-1960s-french-fashion/|url-status=live|accessdate=4 June 2026|archivedate=15 May 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210515033723/https://www.crfashionbook.com/culture/a15166094/francoise-hardy-ye-ye-girls-1960s-french-fashion/}}</ref> yana ọrụ ndị otu ọhụrụ nke ndị nrụpụta ejiji nwanyị France a maara dịka “ụlọ akwụkwọ yé-yé”<ref name="radicalrags">{{cite book|title=Radical Rags: Fashions of the Sixties|last=Lobenthal|first=Joel|year=1990|page=45|publisher=[[Abbeville Press]]|isbn=0896599302}}</ref> ma ọ bụ “''stylistes''”,<ref name="refashioned">{{cite web|url=https://www.fitnyc.edu/museum/exhibitions/paris-refashioned.php|access-date=20 April 2021|date=15 April 2017|title=Paris Refashioned, 1957–1968|publisher=The Museum at FIT. [[Fashion Institute of Technology]]|archive-date=20 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210420194528/https://www.fitnyc.edu/museum/exhibitions/paris-refashioned.php|url-status=live}}</ref> ndị jụrụ iwu siri ike nke ''[[haute couture]]''.<ref name="richardmartin">{{cite book|title=Contemporary Fashion|page=300|editor-last=Martin|editor-first=Richard|isbn=978-1558621732|year=1995|publisher=[[St. James Press]]}}</ref> Ọ nyere aka ibido ọrụ [[Sonia Rykiel]] site n’iyi sweta ya a ma ama a na-akpọ “poor boy sweater” n’ihu mkpuchi ''[[Elle (magazine)|Elle]]'',<ref name="CRF" /><ref>{{cite news|access-date=15 May 2021|language=French|url=https://www.letemps.ch/lifestyle/sonia-rykiel-toute-une-vie-couleur|title=Sonia Rykiel, toute une vie en couleur|first=Séverine|last=Saas|date=26 August 2016|work=[[Le Temps]]|archive-date=11 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210511230023/https://www.letemps.ch/lifestyle/sonia-rykiel-toute-une-vie-couleur|url-status=live}}</ref> ma [[David Bailey]] sere ya foto ka o yi uwe mkpuchi [[Emmanuelle Khanh]] nke eji usoro [[color-blocking]] mee maka ''Vogue''.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.vogue.es/moda/articulos/color-block-historia-disenadores-yves-saint-laurent-stephen-burrows|language=Spanish|access-date=15 May 2021|title=De Stephen Burrows a la Comedia del Arte: repaso visual a la historia del color block|last=Nuria|first=Luis|date=8 October 2020|location=Spain|work=[[Vogue (magazine)|Vogue]]|archive-date=15 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210515051401/https://www.vogue.es/moda/articulos/color-block-historia-disenadores-yves-saint-laurent-stephen-burrows|url-status=live}}</ref> A maara Hardy kwa maka ụdị ejiji dị mfe nke nwere ntutu isi na etemeete na-adịghị akpali akpali, na-eyi ọtụtụ mgbe naanị sweta na ogologo ọkpa.<ref name="CRF" /> Ihe pụrụ iche n’ile anya ya bụ [[Bangs (hair)|ntutu isi ya kpuchiri ọkpọiso]] na iji akpụkpọ ụkwụ ọcha nke Courrèges,<ref name="linternaute" /><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.lexpress.fr/culture/musique/francoise-hardy-icone-francaise-de-la-chanson_1658165.html|access-date=11 May 2021|work=[[L'Express]]|language=French|title=Françoise Hardy, icône française de la chanson|date=5 March 2015|quote=C'est un soir de réréfendum sur le suffrage universel pour l'élection présidentielle, en 1962, que la France découvre l'interprète de Tous les garçons et les filles. Françoise Hardy séduit alors le pays et vend cette année-là 500 000 exemplaires de son 45 tours avant de connaître un succès international. Françoise Hardy, c'est aussi un style très affirmé: mini-jupe, boots blanches et longue frange, qui vont faire d'elle une égérie de la mode. Elle est enfin la mère de Thomas Dutronc, fils qu'elle a eu avec son mari le chanteur Jacques Dutronc.|archive-date=12 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240612012958/https://www.lexpress.fr/culture/musique/francoise-hardy-icone-francaise-de-la-chanson_1658165.html|url-status=live}}</ref> ma ọ bụkwa otu n’ime ndị mbụ yi [[miniskirt]].<ref name="ellefr">{{cite news|url=https://www.elle.fr/Loisirs/Livres/Dossiers/Quelqu-un-d-Hardy-745069|title=Quelqu'un d'Hardy|access-date=15 May 2021|first=Clémentine|last=Goldszal|work=[[Elle (magazine)|Elle]]|language=French|date=27 October 2008|archive-date=15 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210515230202/https://www.elle.fr/Loisirs/Livres/Dossiers/Quelqu-un-d-Hardy-745069|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="vanityfair">{{cite web|url=https://www.vanityfair.fr/culture/people/story/article-mag-pourquoi-francoise-hardy-nous-enchante-toujours/3108|title=Pourquoi Françoise Hardy nous enchante toujours|access-date=11 May 2021|date=18 July 2018|work=[[Vanity Fair (magazines)|Vanity Fair]]|language=French|archive-date=11 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210511201321/https://www.vanityfair.fr/culture/people/story/article-mag-pourquoi-francoise-hardy-nous-enchante-toujours/3108|url-status=live}}</ref> Ọ nwakwara ụdị uwe na ọdịdị na-enweghị oke nkewa nwoke na nwanyị.<ref name="vanguardistes" /> A kọwara ya dịka “anti-[[Brigitte Bardot|Bardot]]”, onye wetara ụdị echiche ọhụrụ banyere mma nke mere ka “oke ịdị nwanyị nke ụdị sex-kitten nke oge ahụ bụrụ ihe ochie.”<ref name="achieve">{{cite web|url=https://www.vogue.com/article/francoise-hardy-french-girl-style|work=[[Vogue (magazine)|Vogue]]|title=Françoise Hardy Forever: 10 Ways to Achieve the French Singer's Iconic Style|first=Laird|last=Borrelli-Persson|editor-first=Kelly|editor-last=Connor|date=16 January 2015|access-date=1 June 2021|archive-date=16 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210516075235/https://www.vogue.com/article/francoise-hardy-french-girl-style|url-status=live}}</ref> Ka ọ na-erule afọ ndị 1970, ọ hapụrụ onyonyo nke “nwata nwanyị ejiji ama ama na-eme njem n’obodo” nke Périer kere maka ya.<ref name="rfi" /> ===Akụkọ ifo zuru ụwa ọnụ nke afọ 1960=== Oyiyi ọha na eze ya na ụdị ejiji ya n’afọ ndị 1960 nwere mmetụta dị ukwuu n’omenala [[pop culture]] ụwa, nke mere ka nkà ya dịka onye na-agụ egwu ghara ịhụrịrị anya nke ọma n’èzí France.<ref name="monkey">{{cite web|url=https://monkeybuzz.com.br/materias/francoise-hardy-e-suas-meninas/|language=Portuguese|title=Françoise Hardy e Suas Meninas|access-date=16 May 2021|first=Carlos Eduardo|last=Lima|date=17 October 2013|publisher=Monkeybuzz|archive-date=16 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210516203440/https://monkeybuzz.com.br/materias/francoise-hardy-e-suas-meninas/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="QuinoneroTravesti">Quinonero, 2017, "«Son allure de page travesti»"</ref> N’afọ 1967, akwụkwọ akụkọ ndị ntorobịa [[teen magazine]] ''Special Pop'' dere: “Hardy na-enwe ike ịdọta ma ụmụaka ma ndị mụrụ ha, ma ụmụ nwoke ma ụmụ nwanyị. Karịa ịbụ naanị onye na-agụ egwu, ọ na-aghọ ụdị akụkọ ifo zuru ụwa ọnụ nke ọtụtụ puku ụmụ agbọghọ na-arọ nrọ ịkọwa onwe ha dịka ya.”<ref name="Deluxe57"/> N’ọkara nke abụọ nke afọ iri ahụ, Hardy ghọrọ onye a ma ama dịka onye na-akpali mmụọ n’omenala ma bụrụkwa ihe mkpali (muse) nye ọtụtụ ndị okike na ndị nka.<ref name="sixties"/><ref name="Deluxe64"/> Ọtụtụ ndị na-ese ihe mere eserese ya, gụnyere {{ill|Michel Bourdais|fr}},<ref>{{cite book|author-link=Richard Anthony (singer)|last=Anthony|first=Richard|title=Quand on choisit la liberté|isbn=978-2738226587|publisher=Florent Massot|language=French|year=2010|page=115|quote=Françoise, elle aussi, lui acheta un petit portrait qu'il (Michel Bourdais) avait fait d'elle et qu'elle aimait beaucoup. Son pianiste lui acheta l'autre et l'un de mes musiciens lui passa une commande.}}</ref> [[Bernard Buffet]],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.artsy.net/artwork/bernard-buffet-francoise-hardy|title=Bernard Buffet: Françoise Hardy (1963)|access-date=16 May 2021|publisher=[[Artsy (website)|Artsy]]|archive-date=16 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210516073600/https://www.artsy.net/artwork/bernard-buffet-francoise-hardy|url-status=live|accessdate=4 June 2026|archivedate=16 May 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210516073600/https://www.artsy.net/artwork/bernard-buffet-francoise-hardy}}</ref> [[Gabriel Pasqualini]]<ref>{{cite magazine |location=France|magazine=[[Salut les copains (magazine)|Salut les copains]]|issue=31|date=February 1965|title=Tout, tout, tout et le reste sur Françoise|page=28|language=French}}</ref> na [[Jean-Paul Goude]].<ref>{{cite AV media|title=[[Comment te dire adieu (album)|Comment te dire adieu]]|author=Hardy, Françoise|year=1968|location=France|publisher=[[Disques Vogue]]|id=CLD-728|medium=LP record}}</ref> N’afọ 1965, [[Jacques Prévert]] dere uri e nyere onye na-agụ egwú ahụ aha ya bụ ''Une plante verte'', nke a gụrụ dịka akụkụ nke mmemme Hardy na Olympia.<ref>{{cite book|year=1992|language=French|title=Œuvres Complètes|publisher=[[Éditions Gallimard]]|page=808|author-link=Jacques Prévert|first=Jacques|last=Prévert|isbn=978-2070112302}}</ref> Ọ bụkwa isiokwu uri nke [[Manuel Vázquez Montalbán]] dere<ref>{{cite journal|url=http://revistacaracteres.net/revista/vol2n1mayo2013/manuel-vazquez-montalban-leyendo-sus-poemas-cuerpo-y-voz-escritura-y-autoria/|language=Spanish|title=Manuel Vázquez Montalbán leyendo sus poemas: cuerpo y voz, escritura y autoría|year=2013|first=Alessandro|last=Mistrorigo|journal=Caracteres. Estudios culturales y críticos de la esfera digital|issn=2254-4496|location=Salamanca|publisher=Editorial Delirio|access-date=1 June 2021|archive-date=16 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210516174834/http://revistacaracteres.net/revista/vol2n1mayo2013/manuel-vazquez-montalban-leyendo-sus-poemas-cuerpo-y-voz-escritura-y-autoria/|url-status=live}}</ref> nakwa [[open letter]] nke [[Paul Guth]] dere.<ref>{{cite book|language=French|last=Guth|first=Paul|year=1968|title=Lettre ouverte aux idoles|author-link=Paul Guth|publisher=[[Éditions Albin Michel]]|pages=51–63}}</ref> Onye na-ese ihe Belgium [[Guy Peellaert]] jiri Hardy dịka ihe atụ maka agwa bụ isi nke akwụkwọ eserese ([[comic]]) ya nke 1968, ''Pravda la Survireuse'', nke sitere n’ike mmụọ nsọ [[pop art]] na echiche psychedelic, ma mee ya na mmekorita ya na onye odee ihe nkiri France [[Pascal Thomas]].<ref name="Deluxe64">Deluxe, 2013. p. 64</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://elpais.com/diario/2008/11/20/necrologicas/1227135602_850215.html|access-date=15 May 2021|language=Spanish|work=[[El País]]|title=Guy Peellaert, dibujante y fotógrafo|last=Pons|first=Álvaro|date=19 November 2008|archive-date=12 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240612072733/https://elpais.com/diario/2008/11/20/necrologicas/1227135602_850215.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Onye na-agụ egwú ahụ masịrị onye na-ese ihe Spain [[Salvador Dalí]],<ref name="sixties" /> onye kpọrọ ya ka ọ nọrọ otu izu na ya na [[Cadaqués]] n’afọ 1968.<ref name="Deluxe67">Deluxe, 2013. p. 67</ref> Hardy bụkwa onye a na-enwe mmasị n’ebe ndị nọ na gburugburu [[Swinging London]] nọ,<ref name="bagatelas" /><ref name="abc" /> ma o kwetara na ọ bụ “isi iyi nke mmasị pụrụ iche nye ndị na-egwu pop Bekee.”<ref name="mortality" /> [[Malcolm McLaren]] kọwara ya dịka “onye kachasị elu n’ụdị [[pinup girl]], nke e tinyere foto ya n’ụlọ ihi ụra nke ndị na-amụ egwu pop niile na-achọ ịdị n’ihu oge na [[Chelsea, London|Chelsea]]. Ọtụtụ ndị otu egwu n’oge ha kacha ewu ewu, dịka [[the Beatles]] ma ọ bụ [[The Rolling Stones|the Stones]], na-arọ nrọ iso ya nwee mmekọrịta ịhụnanya.”<ref name="Deluxe60">Deluxe, 2013. p. 60</ref> Oyiyi ya dọtara mmasị nke [[David Bowie]] mgbe ọ ka bụ nwata,<ref name="monkeyreview" /> [[Mick Jagger]] (onye kpọrọ ya “nwanyị kacha zuru oke” n’anya ya),<ref name="mortality" /> [[Brian Jones]],<ref name="HardyThree" /> [[Morrissey]],<ref name="vanityfair" /> na [[Richard Thompson (musician)|Richard Thompson]].<ref name="uncut" /> [[Bob Dylan]] nwere nnukwu mmasị n’ebe Hardy nọ ma tinye [[beat poem]] e dere maka ya n’azụ mkpuchi albọm ya nke 1964, ''[[Another Side of Bob Dylan]]''.<ref name="uncut" /><ref name="mortality">{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/2018/apr/29/francoise-hardy-interview-personne-d-autre-album|access-date=10 May 2021|work=[[The Observer]]|publisher=[[Guardian Media Group]]|title=Françoise Hardy: 'I sing about death in a symbolic, even positive way'|first=Sean|last=O'Hagan|date=29 April 2018|archive-date=12 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240612011234/https://www.theguardian.com/music/2018/apr/29/francoise-hardy-interview-personne-d-autre-album|url-status=live}}</ref> Uri ahụ malitere: “for françoise hardy/at the seine's edge/a giant shadow/of notre dame/seeks t' grab my foot/sorbonne students/whirl by on thin bicycles/swirlin' lifelike colors of leather spin...”<ref name="npr" /><ref>{{cite AV media notes|author=[[Bob Dylan]]|year=1964|title=[[Another Side of Bob Dylan]]|type=LP record|publisher=[[Columbia Records]]|id=CS 8993}}</ref> N’afọ 2018, Hardy gwara ''[[Uncut (magazine)|Uncut]]'' na o nwere ụfọdụ akwụkwọ mbụ nke uri ahụ Dylan hapụrụ n’otu ụlọ kọfị. Ọ sịrị, “... Obi metụrụ m nnọọ aka. Ọ bụ nwoke dị afọ ntorobịa, onye na-ese ihe nwere mmetụta ịhụnanya nke ukwuu, onye nwere mmasị pụrụ iche n’ebe mmadụ nọ naanị n’ihi foto ya. Ị ma otú ndị ntorobịa si adị... Achọpụtara m na nke a dị ezigbo mkpa nye ya.”<ref name="uncut" /> Hardy na Dylan zutere na Mee 1966 n’azụ ikpo okwu nke ngosi ya na Olympia.<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.rollingstone.fr/bob-dylan-francoise-hardy/|title=La chanteuse Françoise Hardy a reçu des ébauches de lettres d'amour écrites de la main de Bob Dylan, datant des années 60.|access-date=14 May 2021|date=18 April 2018|magazine=[[Rolling Stone]]|location=France|language=French|archive-date=14 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210514201543/https://www.rollingstone.fr/bob-dylan-francoise-hardy/|url-status=live}}</ref> Mgbe Dylan hụrụ na Hardy nọ n’etiti ndị na-ekiri ya, ọ jụrụ ịlaghachi n’ikpo okwu ka o mee akụkụ nke abụọ nke ngosi ahụ ma ọ bụrụ na Hardy agaghị abịa n’ụlọ mgbakwasa uwe ya.<ref name="HardyFour" /><ref name="passion">{{cite web|language=French|url=https://www.lesechos.fr/weekend/spectacles-musique/bob-dylan-une-passion-francaise-1314985|access-date=15 May 2021|title=Bob Dylan, une passion française|date=12 May 2021|first=Laurent-David|last=Samama|work=[[Les Echos (France)|Les Echos]]|archive-date=15 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210515053245/https://www.lesechos.fr/weekend/spectacles-musique/bob-dylan-une-passion-francaise-1314985|url-status=live}}</ref> Hardy na ụfọdụ ndị ọzọ na-agụ egwú mechara soro Dylan gaa n’ụlọ nkwari akụ ya na [[Four Seasons Hotel George V]],<ref name="passion" /> ebe o nyere ya mbipụta mbụ nke egwu “[["Just Like a Woman]]” na “[["I Want You (Bob Dylan song)|I Want You]]”.<ref name="HardyFour" /> ===Echiche ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị=== Dị ka onye a ma ama n’ihu ọha, a maara Hardy nke ọma maka ịdị ya n’ezoghị ọnụ gbasara echiche ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ya,<ref name="sixties"/> nke a kọwara dịka nke [[right-wing]].<ref name="QuinoneroDecalages"/><ref name="gay"/> A zụlitere ya n’ezinụlọ [[Gaullist]], ma o kwuru na ''Télérama'' n’afọ 2011, sị: “Anaghị m akwado ihe niile a na-ekwu ma ọ bụ a na-eme n’aka nri, ma anaghịkwa m elelị ihe niile a na-eme ma ọ bụ a na-ekwu n’aka [[Left-wing politics|aka ekpe]]... n’eziokwu, abụ m onye nọ n’etiti ụzọ ([[centrist]]).”<ref name="QuinoneroEnfance"/> N’akwụkwọ akụkọ ndụ ya nke afọ 2008, o dere na naanị ihe ọ na-ahụ onwe ya n’ime ya bụ [[Environmentalism|nlekọta gburugburu ebe obibi]], nke ọ kpọrọ ihe “na-abụghị nke aka nri ma ọ bụ nke aka ekpe.”<ref name="HardyThirteen"/> Mgbe ọ na-akwalite album ya ''Décalages'', Hardy nyere magazin ''Rockland'' ajụjụ ọnụ. Mkparịta ụka ahụ gbagoro n’ihe gbasara ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, ebe [[1988 French presidential election]] mere ụbọchị gara aga,<ref name="QuinoneroDecalages"/> ma n’ihi na ọ chere na akụkụ ahụ bụ mkparịta ụka na-abụghị maka ibipụta, Hardy gosipụtara nlelị ya n’ebe ndị nọ n’aka ekpe nọ.<ref name="QuinoneroDecalages"/> O were iwe mgbe e bipụtara akụkụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nke ajụjụ ọnụ ahụ, ma chebe onwe ya n’ajụjụ ọnụ telivishọn ya na [[Thierry Ardisson]] n’ụbọchị 13 Mee, ebe ọ kọwara esemokwu o nwere na onye na-abụ abụ [[Renaud]], na-ekwu na Renaud kparịrị ya n’ihi nkwado ya nye Minista Omenala [[François Léotard]].<ref name="QuinoneroDecalages"/> N’ajụjụ ọnụ ''Rockland'' ahụ, o kwukwara banyere [[racism in France]], sị: “A naghị ekwu maka [[Anti-French sentiment|ịkpa ókè megide ndị France]], ebe e nwere ụfọdụ ebe ị ga-adị mfe ịbanye ma ọ bụrụ na ị bụghị onye France,”<ref name="QuinoneroDecalages"/> ma kwukwara banyere [[antisemitism in France|mmegbu megide ndị Juu]], na-atụ aro na “ndị na-ahụ ya ebe niile nwere ike ịbụ ndị na-akụ mkpụrụ ya n’onwe ha.”<ref name="HardyThirteen">Hardy, 2018 [2008], "Thirteen"</ref> Onye na-abụ abụ ahụ mechara dee n’akwụkwọ akụkọ ndụ ya na ọ wepụrụ onwe ya n’echiche ndị ahụ.<ref name="HardyThirteen"/> Hardy bụ onye na-emegide [[solidarity tax on wealth]] (French: ''impôt de solidarité sur la fortune''; ISF). Ọ kwadoro [[tax shield]] nke ọchịchị [[Nicolas Sarkozy]] tinyere n’ọrụ na 2010 ma katọọ atụmatụ ụtụ isi nke [[François Hollande]] n’oge [[2012 French presidential election]], na-agwa ''Paris Match'' sị: “Ekwenyere m na ọtụtụ mmadụ aghọtaghị ọdachi ISF na-ebute ndị nọ n’ọnọdụ m. A na-amanye m, mgbe m fọrọ nke nta ka m bụrụ afọ iri asaa ma na-arịa ọrịa, ire ụlọ m ma kwaga ebe ọzọ.”<ref name="QuinoneroISF"/><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.france24.com/fr/20120410-programme-fiscal-hollande-deplait-francoise-hardy-chanteuse|title=Françoise Hardy dénonce le programme fiscal de François Hollande|access-date=12 May 2021|date=10 April 2012|publisher=[[France 24]]|first=Ségolène|last=Allemandou|language=French|archive-date=12 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210512195529/https://www.france24.com/fr/20120410-programme-fiscal-hollande-deplait-francoise-hardy-chanteuse|url-status=live}}</ref> Nke a mere ka nwa ya nwoke, Thomas Dutronc, dee na [[Twitter]]: “Ma mba mama, echegbula onwe gị, aga m akpọrọ gị ka ị bịa biri n’ụlọ m ma ọ bụrụ na ọ dị mkpa...”<ref name="moches"/><ref>{{cite web|url=https://twitter.com/ThomasDutronc/status/190170066594181121|title=Mais non maman, ne t'inquiète pas je t'inviterais chez moi au cas où...|publisher=[[Thomas Dutronc]] on [[Twitter]]|access-date=12 May 2021|date=11 April 2012|archive-date=12 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210512195530/https://twitter.com/ThomasDutronc/status/190170066594181121|url-status=live}}</ref> Hardy mechara gọnarị akụkọ na ọ ga-abụ onye na-enweghị ebe obibi ma kọwaa na “ọdachi ahụ bụ ndị mmadụ na-efunahụ ọrụ ha n’ihi mbufe ọrụ gaa mba ọzọ na [[European debt crisis|nsogbu ụgwọ Europe]].”<ref name="QuinoneroISF"/> Hardy kwupụtara nkwado ya maka ime ka [[legality of abortion|ime ime akwụsị n’afọ]] bụrụ ihe iwu kwadoro, n’agbanyeghị na ọ kewapụrụ onwe ya na [[feminism]].<ref name="HardyFive">Hardy, 2018 [2008], "Five"</ref> N’afọ 2015, onye na-abụ abụ ahụ katọrọ [[Feminist movement|ndị na-akwado feminism]] n’edemede ([[essay]]) ya "Avis non autorisés ...", ebe o dere: “Ahụrụ m ha dịka ndị iwe na-ejide, ndị na-adịghị mma n’anya, ya bụ, ndị na-enweghị àgwà nwanyị ọbụla. Enwebeghị m ike ịhụ ihe ọ bụla jikọrọ m na ndị feminists. N’agbanyeghị nke ahụ, e nwere ụfọdụ n’ime ha m gaara eji bụrụ ihe atụ...”<ref name="moches">{{cite web|url=https://www.lesinrocks.com/actu/pour-francoise-hardy-les-feministes-sont-hargneuses-et-moches-363365-06-03-2015/|language=French|work=[[Les Inrockuptibles]]|access-date=12 May 2021|date=6 March 2015|title=Pour Françoise Hardy, les féministes sont " hargneuses " et " moches "|last=Boinet|first=Carole|archive-date=12 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210512052217/https://www.lesinrocks.com/actu/pour-francoise-hardy-les-feministes-sont-hargneuses-et-moches-363365-06-03-2015/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/eloise-bouton/francoise-hardy-feminisme_b_6826950.html|title=Françoise Hardy ou la misogynie à l'ancienne|access-date=12 May 2021|date=9 March 2015|work=[[HuffPost]]|first=Éloïse|last=Bouton|language=French|archive-date=12 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210512052217/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/eloise-bouton/francoise-hardy-feminisme_b_6826950.html|url-status=live}}</ref> N’oge [[2017–2018 protests in France]], Hardy kwupụtara nkwado ya nye Onye isi ala [[Emmanuel Macron]]. O kwuru, sị: “Anyị kwesịrị ikwe ka ọ gbanwee France. Otu akụkụ nke ndị France achọghị ịhụ eziokwu ma rapara n’ime [[Marxist ideology]]. Ihe masịrị m banyere Onye isi ala Macron bụ na ọ bụ onye nwere ọhụụ ma ọ bụghị onye na-agbaso echiche ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị kpuru ìsì, ma o guzoro ike n’eziokwu.”<ref name="nytimes">{{cite news|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201109041625/https://www.nytimes.com/2018/05/09/arts/francoise-hardy-interview.html|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/05/09/arts/francoise-hardy-interview.html|archive-date=9 November 2020|access-date=12 May 2021|work=[[The New York Times]]|title=Françoise Hardy, a French National Treasure, Is Back from the Brink|date=9 May 2018|first=Agnès C.|last=Poirier}}</ref> N’oge [[2023 French pension reform strikes]], ọ gwara [[Le Journal du Dimanche]] na “ihere na-eme m maka ihe na-eme na France,” n’ihi na ọ na-atụ egwu na “mgba ọrụ ugboro ugboro” ga-eme ka ndị njem nleta ghara ịbịa, ma ọ kwadorokwa [[2023 French pension reform law|iwu mgbanwe ụgwọ ezumike nka]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Loridan |first1=Carla |title="J'ai honte de ce qui se passe en France" : Francoise Hardy défend la réforme des retraites |url=https://www.bfmtv.com/people/j-ai-honte-de-ce-qui-se-passe-en-france-francoise-hardy-defend-la-reforme-des-retraites_AN-202304090146.html |website=BFM TV |date=9 April 2023 |access-date=12 June 2024 |archive-date=12 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240612072649/https://www.bfmtv.com/people/j-ai-honte-de-ce-qui-se-passe-en-france-francoise-hardy-defend-la-reforme-des-retraites_AN-202304090146.html |url-status=live }}</ref> ==Ihe nketa na mmetụta== :Ole na ole n’ime ihe ndị mara mma na-anọgide ogologo oge n’echiche mmadụ. Ọ bụrụ na egwu ụmụ agbọghọ yé-yé bụ mgbe niile ìhè na-atọ ụtọ nke na-adọrọ mmasị, nke Françoise Hardy na-adịgide dịka nke kacha emetụta n’ihi mgbagwoju anya mmetụta uche ya, ngwakọta zuru oke nke agụụ maka oge gara aga na nke ga-abịa, nke a na-abụ n’ụzọ dị oke nso n’obi. Taa, ọ pụrụ ịdị ka obere ihe na-enweghị nnukwu mkpa, ma n’oge ahụ, n’afọ iri isii nke narị afọ gara aga, ịnụ egwu gbasara obi mgbawa n’ọnụ nwanyị a nwere olu dị nro ma na-abanye n’ime obi mmadụ bụ ihe ama ama pụrụ iche. — Fernando Navarro, ''[[El País]]'', 2020.<ref name="bagatelas">{{cite news|url=https://elpais.com/cultura/2020/08/26/ruta_norteamericana/1598470753_686835.html|title=Rompedoras (IV): Françoise Hardy, la bagatela más esplendorosa|language=Spanish|work=[[El País]]|last=Navarro|first=Fernando|date=26 August 2020|access-date=1 June 2021|archive-date=13 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210513021000/https://elpais.com/cultura/2020/08/26/ruta_norteamericana/1598470753_686835.html|url-status=live}}</ref> A na-eme emume Hardy dịka “akụ mba France”<ref name="allmusic"/><ref name="uncut"/><ref name="npr">{{cite web|url=https://www.npr.org/2018/09/12/647068156/fran-oise-hardy-remains-frances-national-treasure|title=Françoise Hardy Remains France's National Treasure|access-date=26 May 2021|date=12 September 2018|last=Beardsley|first=Eleanor|publisher=[[NPR]]|archive-date=28 June 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230628124508/https://www.npr.org/2018/09/12/647068156/fran-oise-hardy-remains-frances-national-treasure|url-status=live}}</ref> ma bụrụkwa otu n’ime ndị kasị ukwuu n’akụkọ ihe mere eme nke [[Music of France|egwu France]].<ref name="monkey" /> Ọ bụ otu n’ime ndị na-ese egwu rere ndekọ kacha ukwuu n’akụkọ ihe mere eme France, ebe e rere ihe karịrị nde 7.6 nke ndekọ ya ruo Novemba 2017.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.infodisc.fr/Vente_Artiste.php|language=French|title=Bilan des Ventes globales (Albums & Chansons) par Artiste|access-date=23 May 2021|year=2018|publisher=InfoDisc|first1=Daniel|last1=Lesueur|first2=Dominic|last2=Durand|archive-date=4 April 2016|archive-url=https://archive.today/20160404203703/http://www.infodisc.fr/Vente_Artiste.php|url-status=live}}</ref> Onye nkatọ America [[Richie Unterberger]] kọwara ya dịka “n’enweghị mgbagha, onye na-ese pop-rock kacha mma sitere na mba ahụ n’afọ iri isii nke 1960s”,<ref name="originales">{{cite web|url=http://www.richieunterberger.com/wordpress/francoise-hardy-les-versions-originales/|author-link=Richie Unterberger|date=3 December 2015|title=Françoise Hardy: Les Versions Originales|publisher=Folkrocks|access-date=13 May 2021|last=Unterberger|first=Richie|archive-date=13 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210513042445/http://www.richieunterberger.com/wordpress/francoise-hardy-les-versions-originales/|url-status=live}}</ref> ma kwuo na ọ ga-achọ ịhụ ka a na-etinye Hardy n’ụlọ nsọ [[Rock and Roll Hall of Fame]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.richieunterberger.com/wordpress/the-rock-and-roll-hall-of-fame-an-alternate-top-ten/|author-link=Richie Unterberger|date=17 June 2014|title=The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame: An Alternate Top Ten|publisher=Folkrocks|access-date=13 May 2021|last=Unterberger|first=Richie|archive-date=13 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210513043925/http://www.richieunterberger.com/wordpress/the-rock-and-roll-hall-of-fame-an-alternate-top-ten/|url-status=live}}</ref> N’afọ 2011, a tinyere Hardy n’ime ''[[Petit Larousse|Le Petit Larousse Illustré]]''.<ref name="QuinoneroISF">Quinonero, 2017, "La pluie..., Hollande et l'ISF"</ref> Ọtụtụ afọ mgbe oge kachasị ewu ewu ya n’afọ 1960s gasịrị, a ka na-ewere Hardy dịka onye dị mkpa ma nwee mmetụta n’akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ejiji.<ref name="id">{{cite web|url=https://i-d.co/article/francoise-hardy-most-iconic-outfits-fashion-french-style/|title=7 of Françoise Hardy's most iconic outfits|first=Zoë|last=Kendall|access-date=6 May 2021|date=22 January 2021|work=[[i-D]]|publisher=[[Vice Media]]|archive-date=6 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210506211343/https://i-d.vice.com/en_uk/article/epdqm7/francoise-hardy-most-iconic-outfits-fashion-french-style|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="vanguardistes">{{cite web|url=https://www.journaldesfemmes.fr/mode/styles-de-people/1869854-francoise-hardy-look-tenues-photos/|language=French|access-date=10 May 2021|title=Les looks avant-gardistes de Françoise Hardy|publisher=Le Journal des femmes. [[Groupe Figaro]]|date=29 January 2019|archive-date=10 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210510204504/https://www.journaldesfemmes.fr/mode/styles-de-people/1869854-francoise-hardy-look-tenues-photos/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="achieve"/><ref name="10lessons">{{cite web|url=https://www.vogue.co.uk/gallery/style-lessons-from-francoise-hardy|work=[[British Vogue]]|access-date=21 May 2021|last=Fearon|first=Faye|title=10 Style Lessons To Take From Françoise Hardy For The Season Ahead|date=17 January 2018|archive-date=21 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210521183824/https://www.vogue.co.uk/gallery/style-lessons-from-francoise-hardy|url-status=live}}</ref> Mgbe ọ nọ na [[Balenciaga]], onye nrụpụta ejiji [[Nicolas Ghesquière]] kọwara ya na ''Vogue'' dịka “ezigbo ọdịdị nke ụdị ejiji France”.<ref name="achieve" /> Foto ndị na-egosi onye na-abụ abụ ahụ yi uwe ígwè nke [[Paco Rabanne]] mere kpaliri [[Lizzy Gardiner]] n’ichepụta uwe maka ''[[Priscilla, Queen of the Desert]]'' nakwa uwe [[67th Academy Awards|Oscar]] nke ya.<ref name="gay"/> Hardy bụkwa onye na-enye mmụọ nsọ nye onye nrụpụta Japan [[Rei Kawakubo]], onye kpọrọ akara ejiji ya [[Comme des Garçons]] aha sitere n’otu ahịrịokwu n’abụ “Tous les garçons et les filles”.<ref name="10lessons"/> N’oge ọrụ ya niile, Hardy nwetara nnukwu ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị na-akwado ya n’etiti [[gay men]], ma obodo ahụ na-ewere ya dịka [[gay icon]]. Ọ kwuru ọtụtụ ugboro na ndị enyi ya na ndị na-akwado ya kacha ntụkwasị obi bụ ndị nwoke nwere mmasị n’ebe nwoke ibe ha nọ.<ref name="gay">{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zCxfDwAAQBAJ |title=Gay Icons: The (Mostly) Female Entertainers Gay Men Love |last=Guilbert |first=Georges-Claude |year=2018 |publisher=McFarland |access-date=1 August 2018 |pages=85–86 |isbn=9781476674339 |archive-date=12 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240612011218/https://books.google.com/books?id=zCxfDwAAQBAJ |url-status=live }}</ref> A na-ahụ mmetụta egwu Hardy n’ọrụ ndị na-ese egwu Francophone dịka [[Coralie Clément]],<ref name="monkey"/> [[La Femme (band)|La Femme]],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.rocknfolk.com/albums/la-femme-mystere/8680|title=La Femme: Mystère|language=French|access-date=15 May 2021|work=[[Rock & Folk]]|date=17 September 2016|last=Farkas|first=Basile|archive-date=15 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210515202138/https://www.rocknfolk.com/albums/la-femme-mystere/8680|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Juliette Armanet]],<ref name="vanityfair"/> [[Melody's Echo Chamber]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.undertheradarmag.com/interviews/melodys_echo_chamber_interview|access-date=15 May 2021|title=Melody's Echo Chamber: Location, Location, Location|date=7 September 2012|first=Laura|last=Studarus|work=[[Under the Radar (magazine)|Under the Radar]]|archive-date=15 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210515185222/http://www.undertheradarmag.com/interviews/melodys_echo_chamber_interview|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Keren Ann]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://variety.com/2004/music/reviews/keren-ann-1200531509/|title=Keren Ann|date=25 August 2004|work=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]|access-date=15 May 2021|last=Sprague|first=David|archive-date=15 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210515193652/https://variety.com/2004/music/reviews/keren-ann-1200531509/|url-status=live}}</ref> na [[Carla Bruni]], onye ṅomiri ụdị Hardy mgbe ọ malitere ọrụ egwu ya.<ref name="tentaciones">{{cite web|url=https://tentaciones.elpais.com/2011/11/hardy.html|work=Tentaciones. [[El País]]|language=Spanish|access-date=13 May 2021|date=8 November 2011|title=Françoise Hardy, la más bella del baile|first=Carles|last=Gámez|archive-date=10 November 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111110131838/https://tentaciones.elpais.com/2011/11/hardy.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Ndị odee akọwawo mmetụta ya n’egwu otu [[avant-pop]] Bekee [[Stereolab]],<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8FI3dVT9t34C&pg=PA150|page=150|access-date=11 May 2021|author-link=Simon Reynolds|last=Reynolds|first=Simon|year=2011|title=Retromania: Pop Culture's Addiction to Its Own Past|isbn=978-0865479944|publisher=[[Farrar, Straus and Giroux]]|archive-date=12 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240612011140/https://books.google.com/books?id=8FI3dVT9t34C&pg=PA150#v=onepage&q&f=false|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.clashmusic.com/features/where-to-start-stereolab|access-date=11 May 2021|title=Where To Start... Stereolab|date=19 June 2019|work=[[Clash (magazine)|Clash]]|archive-date=12 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210512090247/https://www.clashmusic.com/features/where-to-start-stereolab|url-status=live}}</ref> gụnyere myirịta dị n’etiti olu Hardy na nke onye ndu otu ahụ [[Lætitia Sadier]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.telerama.fr/sortir/stereolab,-le-retour-dun-groupe-de-rock-aussi-culte-que-meconnu,n6280919.php|language=French|access-date=11 May 2021|title=Stereolab, le retour d'un groupe de rock aussi culte que méconnu|date=8 June 2019|first=Marc|last=Zisman|work=[[Télérama]]|archive-date=11 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210511183427/https://www.telerama.fr/sortir/stereolab,-le-retour-dun-groupe-de-rock-aussi-culte-que-meconnu,n6280919.php|url-status=live}}</ref> N’èzí ụwa na-asụ French, a kpọtụrụ Hardy dịka onye nyere mmụọ nsọ nye ọtụtụ ndị nwanyị na-ede ma na-abụ abụ dịka [[Caroline Polachek]], [[Charli XCX]], [[Angel Olsen]], [[Candie Payne]], [[Erin Rae]], [[Heather Trost]], [[Violetta Zironi]], [[Zooey Deschanel]] na [[Cat Power]].<ref name="monkey"/> Hardy metụtakwa ọtụtụ ndị na-ese egwu ọzọ dịka [[Broadcast (band)|Broadcast]], [[Goldfrapp]], [[Jeremy Jay]], [[The Chap (band)|The Chap]] na [[Xeno & Oaklander]]. N’otu isiokwu e dere maka Into Creative, onye nduzi ihe nkiri Grant McPhee kọwara ya dịka “nwa agbọghọ nnọchianya maka ndị ihere na-eme na ihe oyiyi nrọ nke na-eme ka ha kwere na ha nwekwara ike ịdị mma ma maa mma.”<ref>{{Cite web |title=French Girl Pop – An Introduction |url=https://intocreative.co.uk/french-girl-pop-an-introduction/ |access-date=3 January 2023 |website=Into Creative |date=24 November 2022 |language=en-GB |archive-date=3 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230103205344/https://intocreative.co.uk/french-girl-pop-an-introduction/ |url-status=live }}</ref> N’afọ 2021, [[Rivers Cuomo]] nke otu rock America [[Weezer]] kpọrọ Hardy otu n’ime “echiche ụda” ya kacha mkpa,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://pitchfork.com/reviews/albums/weezer-ok-human/|title=Weezer: OK Human Album Review|publisher=[[Pitchfork (website)|Pitchfork]]|access-date=11 May 2021|date=1 February 2021|last=Cohen|first=Ian|archive-date=28 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210428172855/https://pitchfork.com/reviews/albums/weezer-ok-human/|url-status=live}}</ref> ma kwuo na album ya ''Message personnel'' metụtara ya nke ukwuu.<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/weezer-new-album-ok-human-all-my-favorite-songs-video-1116969/|magazine=[[Rolling Stone]]|access-date=5 June 2021|title=Weezer Preview New LP 'OK Human' With 'All My Favorite Songs'|date=21 January 2021|last1=Kreps|first1=Daniel|last2=Legaspi|first2=Althea|archive-date=19 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210619134954/https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/weezer-new-album-ok-human-all-my-favorite-songs-video-1116969/|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Greg Gonzalez]] nke otu [[dream pop]] America [[Cigarettes After Sex]] kpọrọ Hardy otu n’ime mmetụta egwu ya kachasị ukwuu,<ref>{{cite AV media|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=68IuU4Xnb2Y|access-date=11 May 2021|date=10 January 2018|medium=[[YouTube]]|title=Cigarettes After Sex : " Mes grandes influences ? Françoise Hardy et Erik Satie "|publisher=[[Radio Nova (France)|Radio Nova]]|archive-date=11 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210511055948/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=68IuU4Xnb2Y|url-status=live}}</ref> na-ekwu na 2016: “''La question'' zuru oke nke ukwuu; achọrọ m ụdị ịma mma ahụ.”<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.vice.com/en/article/the-diehard-romanticism-of-cigarettes-after-sex/|title=The Diehard Romanticism of Cigarettes After Sex|last1=Cacouris|first1=Christina|date=17 February 2016|publisher=Noisey. [[Vice (magazine)|Vice]]|access-date=27 October 2016|archive-date=28 October 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161028020323/https://noisey.vice.com/en_us/article/the-diehard-romanticism-of-cigarettes-after-sex|url-status=live}}</ref> Album cult nke 1971, ''La question'', pụtara na ndepụta ''The Guardian'' nke “album 1000 a ga-anụ tupu mmadụ anwụọ”.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/2007/nov/19/1000tohearbeforeyoudie5|work=The Guardian|title=1000 albums to hear before you die: Artists beginning with H (part 1)|access-date=12 May 2021|date=19 November 2007|archive-date=12 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240612011653/https://www.theguardian.com/music/2007/nov/19/1000tohearbeforeyoudie5|url-status=live}}</ref> Album ahụ nwetara [[cult following]] mgbe e wepụtara ya<ref name="telerama16" /><ref name="franceinter" /><ref name="indiehoy">{{cite web |last=Allermann |first=Juan Ignacio |date=15 October 2021 |title=Françoise Hardy y los 50 años de La question, su obra maestra de culto |url=https://indiehoy.com/indieayer/francoise-hardy-y-los-50-anos-de-la-question-su-obra-maestra-de-culto/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211016000715/https://indiehoy.com/indieayer/francoise-hardy-y-los-50-anos-de-la-question-su-obra-maestra-de-culto/ |archive-date=16 October 2021 |access-date=16 October 2021 |work=[[Indie Hoy]] |language=es}}</ref> ma mesịa bụrụ nke a na-ewere dịka elu kachasị elu nke nka Hardy.<ref name="efequestion">{{cite web |date=30 May 2020 |title=La question (1971), de Françoise Hardy |url=https://www.efeeme.com/la-question-1971-de-francoise-hardy/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210412191312/https://www.efeeme.com/la-question-1971-de-francoise-hardy/ |archive-date=12 April 2021 |access-date=27 April 2021 |publisher=Efe Eme |language=Spanish}}</ref><ref name="indiehoy" /> N’afọ 2017, Pitchfork tinyere ''Tous les garçons et les filles'' n’ọnọdụ nke iri itoolu (90) n’ime ndepụta ya nke “Album 200 Kachasị Mma nke Afọ 1960s”, ebe Marc Hogan kọwara ya dịka “nguzo siri ike n’etiti ụda egwu rockabilly na echiche miri emi nke ndị France, nke nwanyị kasị maa mma ma bụrụkwa onye na-anọkarị n’azụ ìgwè mmadụ na France nyefere n’ụzọ pụrụ iche.”<ref>{{cite web|url=https://pitchfork.com/features/lists-and-guides/the-200-best-albums-of-the-1960s/?page=6|publisher=[[Pitchfork (website)|Pitchfork]]|title=The 200 Best Albums of the 1960s|access-date=12 May 2021|date=22 August 2017|archive-date=25 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181225231319/https://pitchfork.com/features/lists-and-guides/the-200-best-albums-of-the-1960s/?page=6|url-status=live}}</ref> N’afọ 2023, ''Rolling Stone'' tinyere Hardy n’ọnọdụ nke 162 n’ime ndepụta ya nke Ndị Na-abụ Egwu 200 Kasị Ukwuu n’Oge Niile.<ref>{{cite magazine|title=The 200 Greatest Singers of All Time|magazine=[[Rolling Stone]]|date=1 January 2023|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-lists/best-singers-all-time-1234642307/francoise-hardy-1234642907/|access-date=7 March 2023|archive-date=7 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230307220908/https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-lists/best-singers-all-time-1234642307/francoise-hardy-1234642907/|url-status=live}}</ref> === Nyocha nke onwe ya banyere ọrụ ya === Hardy na-akatọ album mbụ ya abụọ, ''Tous les garçons et les filles'' na ''Le premier bonheur du jour'', n’agbanyeghị nnukwu ewu ewu ha nwere.<ref name="uncut" /> O kwuru n’ajụjụ ọnụ e mere ya n’afọ 2018 na ọ “na-enwe nnukwu nkụda mmụọ n’ihi na ọchịchọ ya bụ ịnwe guitar eletrik mara mma... Kama nke ahụ, enwere m ndị na-egwu egwu France na-adịghị mma na mmepụta egwu jọgburu onwe ya.”<ref name="clash" /> Mgbe ọ gara London n’afọ 1963 iji dekọọ album ọhụrụ, o chere na ya enweela ohere “ime ụdị egwu ọzọ, ọ bụghị ụdị egwu igwe ahụ nke m tọrọ n’ime ya.”<ref name="mortality" /> N’agbanyeghị na album ndị o wepụtara na mbido afọ 1970s—''La question'', ''Et si je m'en vais avant toi'', na ''If You Listen''—emeghị nke ọma n’ahịa, Hardy chere na ha gosipụtara nke ọma nkà nka ya.<ref name="HardySeven" /> Karịsịa, o nwere nnukwu mpako banyere ''La question'', ma kwuo n’afọ 2008, sị: “Ọ bụ ezie na ọ nwetaghị nnukwu ihe ịga nke ọma n’etiti ọha mmadụ n’ozuzu ha, enwere m ike ikwu na o metụrụ ụdị ndị na-ege ntị ọzọ aka... Ọtụtụ mgbe, album nwere nnukwu ebumnuche nwere ike ileghara anya mgbe mbụ e wepụtara ya, ma n’ikpeazụ ọ na-adịgide ogologo oge.”<ref name="HardySeven" /> N’ajụjụ ọnụ ya na ''[[The Independent]]'' n’afọ 1996, Hardy kwuru na o kwenyere na ọtụtụ mmadụ amaghị nke ọma nkà ya dịka onye na-ese egwu, nakwa na ọ na-adịkarị mkpa ka ọ na-ekwu maka afọ 1960s na [[the Beatles]].<ref name="sixties" /> == Ndụ onwe onye == === Ezinụlọ === [[File:Fanclub1966JacquesDutronc.jpg|thumb|Hardy na onye egwu ibe ya [[Jacques Dutronc]] malitere mmekọrịta ha n’afọ 1967 ma lụọ di na nwunye n’afọ 1981.]] N’afọ 1962, Hardy malitere mmekọrịta ịhụnanya na nke ọrụ ya na onye na-ese foto nke ''Salut Les Copains'', Jean-Marie Périer.<ref name="QuinoneroGarcon">Quinonero, 2017, "«L'amour d'un garçon / Peut tout changer»"</ref><ref name="Deluxe58"/> Ha anaghị ebikọ ọnụ, ma n’ihi ọrụ ha, ha na-anọkarị iche ogologo oge, nke metụtara mmekọrịta ahụ n’ụzọ na-adịghị mma.<ref name="HardyThree"/> Ha kewara n’afọ 1966,<ref name="HardyFour"/> mana ha gara n’ihu bụrụ ezigbo ndị enyi na ndị mmekọ ọrụ.<ref name="parismatch21"/> N’afọ 1967, Hardy malitere mmekọrịta a na-ekwukarị banyere ya n’ihu ọha na eze na onye na-abụ abụ [[Jacques Dutronc]].<ref name="NightfallJeneusse">{{cite web|url=http://fp.nightfall.fr/index_6755_franoise-hardy-ma-jeunesse-fout-le-camp.html|title=Françoise HARDY – Ma Jeunesse Fout Le Camp (1967)|author=Waltersmoke|access-date=27 May 2021|date=24 May 2014|language=French|publisher=Forces Parallèles. Nightfall.fr|archive-date=27 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210527030919/http://fp.nightfall.fr/index_6755_franoise-hardy-ma-jeunesse-fout-le-camp.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="QuinoneroVoudras">Quinonero, 2017, "«Le jour où tu voudras / Je serai là pour toi»"</ref> Mgbe nwa ha naanị ya, nwa nwoke aha ya bụ [[Thomas Dutronc|Thomas]], mụrụ na 16 Juun 1973,<ref name="QuinoneroThomas">Quinonero, 2017, "Thomas, l'enfant de l'amour"</ref> Hardy na Dutronc kwagara n’ụlọ nwere okpukpu atọ dị nso na [[Parc Montsouris]] n’oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ nke afọ 1974.<ref name="QuinoneroThomas"/> Ezinụlọ ahụ na-aga kwa oge ọkọchị n’ụlọ Dutronc nwere na [[Lumio]] n’agwaetiti [[Corsica]].<ref name="QuinoneroThomas"/> Mgbe Thomas Dutronc toro, ọ malitekwara ọrụ ya dịka onye egwu.<ref name="resurreccion">{{cite news|url=https://elpais.com/cultura/2016/05/17/actualidad/1463486870_815121.html|language=Spanish|work=[[El País]]|access-date=29 May 2021|title=La resurrección musical de Françoise Hardy|date=19 May 2016|last=Gámez|first=Carles|archive-date=2 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210602212320/https://elpais.com/cultura/2016/05/17/actualidad/1463486870_815121.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Hardy na Dutronc lụrụ di na nwunye na 30 Maachị 1981 n’emume nzuzo.<ref name="ina81">{{cite web|url=https://www.ina.fr/contenus-editoriaux/articles-editoriaux/1981-francoise-hardy-revele-son-opinion-sur-le-mariage/|language=French|access-date=11 May 2021|title=1981, Françoise Hardy révèle son opinion sur le mariage|date=29 March 2021|publisher=[[Institut national de l'audiovisuel|INA]]|archive-date=10 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210510042057/https://www.ina.fr/contenus-editoriaux/articles-editoriaux/1981-francoise-hardy-revele-son-opinion-sur-le-mariage/|url-status=live}}</ref> Dị ka Hardy si kwuo, ha kwadoro mmekọrịta ha n’iwu n’ihi “ihe gbasara ụtụ isi”,<ref name="independent05"/> nakwa n’ihi ndụmọdụ onye ọka iwu Hardy nyere ya maka ihe gbasara ahụike na nchekwa.<ref name="ina81"/> Di na nwunye ahụ kewara n’afọ 1988 n’ihi mmekọrịta ịhụnanya ha na ndị ọzọ na nsogbu mmanya Dutronc nwere.<ref name="QuinoneroFaim"/><ref name="QuinoneroVII">Quinonero, 2017, "«ME PASSER DU MYSTÈRE DE MISTER» «Qu'y a-t-il sous votre carapace ? / Quels jardins secrets ? / L'un après l'autre / Tout est passé...»"</ref> Ha akwụsịghị alụmdi na nwunye ha n’iwu, ma mmekọrịta ha ghọrọ ụdị “enyi pụrụ iche”.<ref name="QuinoneroVII"/> N’afọ 2016, Hardy gwara ''Le Parisien'' na ọbụna mgbe Dutronc nwere onye òtù ọlụlụ ọhụrụ, ọ chọghị ịgba ya alụkwaghịm.<ref name="parisien16">{{cite web|url=https://www.leparisien.fr/culture-loisirs/rechanter-sait-on-jamais-06-12-2016-6418329.php|title=VIDEOS. Françoise Hardy : " Rechanter ? Sait-on jamais... "|access-date=29 May 2021|date=6 December 2016|language=French|work=[[Le Parisien]]|last1=((Bureau))|first1=Éric|last2=Jaeglé|first2=Yves|last3=Kastler-Le Scour|first3=Élisabeth|archive-date=2 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210602213816/https://www.leparisien.fr/culture-loisirs/rechanter-sait-on-jamais-06-12-2016-6418329.php|url-status=live}}</ref> Ná mmalite afọ ndị 1980, ọ mụtara na nna ya, onye ọ na-anọghị nso, biri ndụ abụọ dịka nwoke nwoke ibe ya na-achọ n’ime nzuzo, mgbe otu n’ime ndị ntorobịa ọ hụrụ n’anya jiri nkwado ego nna ya na-enye ya mee nganga n’ihu otu n’ime ndị enyi Dutronc.<ref name="HardyEleven"/> Nna ya nwụrụ n’ụlọ ọgwụ na 6 Febrụwarị 1981 mgbe e merụsịrị ya ahụ n’ọgụ,<ref name="HardyEleven"/> ma eleghị anya site n’aka otu nwoke na-ere mmekọahụ,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.lexpress.fr/styles/vip/videos-francoise-hardy-se-confie-sur-l-homosexualite-de-son-pere_1764577.html|title=VIDEOS. Françoise Hardy se confie sur l'homosexualité de son père|access-date=10 May 2021|date=17 February 2016|work=[[L'Express]]|language=French|archive-date=12 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240612013023/https://www.lexpress.fr/styles/people/videos-francoise-hardy-se-confie-sur-l-homosexualite-de-son-pere_1764577.html|url-status=live}}</ref> ihe a na-akọghị n’akụkọ mgbasa ozi n’oge ahụ.<ref name="QuinoneroMariage">Quinonero, 2017, "Mariage et élections"</ref> Nwanne nwanyị Hardy, Michèle, tolitere n’enweghị ịhụnanya sitere n’aka nne na nna ha, ma nwee omume igbu onwe ya na mgbaàmà nke [[paranoid schizophrenic|paranoid schizophrenia]].<ref name="HardyFive"/> N’ọnwa Mee 2004, a hụrụ ya nwụrụ anwụ n’ụlọ ya dị na [[L'Île-Rousse]], ma eleghị anya n’ihi igbu onwe ya.<ref name="HardyEighteen"/> === Ahụike na ọnwụ === N’agbata njedebe afọ 2004 na mmalite afọ 2005, a chọpụtara na Hardy nwere [[MALT lymphoma]],<ref name="avisnon"/><ref name="QuinoneroDefera">Quinonero, 2017 "«Rien ne défera jamais nos liens»"</ref> nke malitere oge ọ kọwara dịka “oge ọkụ mmụọ” nke gbagburu ndụ ya n’usoro.<ref name="HardyEighteen"/> Ọ natara ọgwụgwọ [[chemotherapy]], nke rụpụtara ezigbo nsonaazụ na mbụ.<ref name="HardyEighteen"/> N’ọnwa Maachị 2015, ọnọdụ ahụike ya ka njọ, a kpọbatara ya n’ụlọ ọgwụ, ebe e tinyere ya n’ime [[artificial coma]] ma ọ fọrọ nke nta ka ọ nwụọ.<ref name="figaroavis"/> Mgbe ọ nọ n’ụlọ ọgwụ, ọ gbajiri ikpere ụkwụ na ikpere aka.<ref name="figaroavis"/> Ọ gwara ''Le Figaro'' n’afọ 2015: “Enwekwara m nnukwu nsogbu n’ịga ije... E nwere oge m na-enweghị ike ịhụ onye ọ bụla ma ọ bụ ịpụ apụ. Ma ana m anọgide na-enwe olileanya ọma... Ana m ezere iche banyere ya; ọ naghị achịkwa echiche m.”<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.lefigaro.fr/livres/2015/03/04/03005-20150304ARTFIG00318-les-coups-de-griffe-de-francoise-hardy.php|title=Les coups de griffe de Françoise Hardy|language=French|work=[[Le Figaro]]|access-date=26 May 2021|first=Mohammed|last=Aïssaoui|date=4 March 2015|archive-date=26 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210526181643/https://www.lefigaro.fr/livres/2015/03/04/03005-20150304ARTFIG00318-les-coups-de-griffe-de-francoise-hardy.php|url-status=live}}</ref> Hardy gara n’ihu ịnata ọgwụgwọ chemotherapy ọzọ na [[immunotherapy]].<ref name="diseasertl">{{cite web|url=https://www.rtl.fr/actu/debats-societe/euthanasie-je-ne-peux-rester-a-attendre-que-la-mort-arrive-confie-francoise-hardy-7900017283|language=French|access-date=6 May 2021|title=Euthanasie : "Je ne peux rester à attendre que la mort arrive", confie Françoise Hardy|first1=Flavie|last1=Flament|first2=Emmanuelle|last2=Brisson|date=7 April 2021|publisher=[[RTL (French radio)|RTL]]|archive-date=6 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210506053245/https://www.rtl.fr/actu/debats-societe/euthanasie-je-ne-peux-rester-a-attendre-que-la-mort-arrive-confie-francoise-hardy-7900017283|url-status=live}}</ref> Ahụike ya gara n’ihu ịka njọ, ma n’afọ 2021 ọ ghọrọ onye a ma ama n’ịkwado iwu ga-eme ka [[physician-assisted suicide]] bụrụ ihe kwere omume na France. O kwuru na ajụjụ ọnụ dị iche iche na, ma ọ bụrụ na ọnọdụ ya aghọọ ihe na-adịghị anabata ma mee ka ọ ghara ime “ihe ndị ndụ [ya] chọrọ”, ọ ga-achọ euthanasia, ọ bụ ezie na ọ gaghị enwe ohere ime ya n’iwu.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.parismatch.com/People/Francoise-Hardy-l-hymne-a-l-amour-1729389|language=French|access-date=6 May 2021|quote=Quand mon état deviendra encore plus insupportable, je n'aurai, hélas, pas le soulagement de savoir que je peux me faire euthanasier. La France est inhumaine sur ce plan-là.|title=Françoise Hardy: "Je n'ai pas peur de mourir mais j'ai très, très peur de souffrir"|work=[[Paris Match]]|date=17 March 2021|archive-date=6 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210506053250/https://www.parismatch.com/People/Francoise-Hardy-l-hymne-a-l-amour-1729389|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="diseasertl" /> N’otu afọ ahụkwa, ọ kpughere na ọ pụghịzi ịbụ abụ n’ihi mmetụta ọgwụgwọ ndị ahụ nwere n’ahụ ya.<ref name="parismatch21" /> Hardy nwụrụ n’ihi [[laryngeal cancer]] na Paris na 11 Juun 2024, mgbe ọ dị afọ 80.<ref name="lemonde">{{cite web|url=https://www.lemonde.fr/disparitions/article/2024/06/11/francoise-hardy-icone-de-la-culture-pop-est-morte_6238944_3382.html|title=Françoise Hardy, icône de la culture pop, est morte|publisher=Le Monde|accessdate=11 June 2024|date=11 June 2024|language=French|archive-date=12 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240612011748/https://www.lemonde.fr/disparitions/article/2024/06/11/francoise-hardy-icone-de-la-culture-pop-est-morte_6238944_3382.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Tupu ọnwụ ya, ọ tara ahụhụ site n’ịda ugboro ugboro na mgbaji ọkpụkpụ dị iche iche.<ref name="lemonde" /><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/article/2024/jun/12/francoise-hardy-french-pop-singer-and-fashion-muse-dies-aged-80|title=Françoise Hardy, French pop singer and fashion muse, dies aged 80|work=The Guardian|access-date=12 June 2024|archive-date=12 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240612013919/https://www.theguardian.com/music/article/2024/jun/12/francoise-hardy-french-pop-singer-and-fashion-muse-dies-aged-80|url-status=live |last1=Beaumont-Thomas |first1=Ben }}</ref> Nwa ya nwoke kwupụtara ọnwụ ya na [[Instagram]], dee, “Mama apụọla...”<ref name="letempsobit">{{cite web |last1=Perrin |first1=Oliver |title=Françoise Hardy, notre âme en peine: Hommage Malade depuis deux décennies, la chanteuse et icône de la culture pop s'en est allée à l'âge de 80 ans. Elle était admirée pour son talent, son courage, et sa volonté tenace cachée dans l'ombre de ses doutes susurrés pendant un demi-siècle |url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/3066988225 |id={{ProQuest|3066988225}}|website=[[Le Temps]] |language=fr |access-date=18 July 2024 |date=13 June 2024}}</ref> e mere emume ikpeazụ maka ya na [[Père Lachaise Cemetery]] n’ụlọ crematorium na columbarium ya.<ref name="Figaro/AFP 2024-06-15">{{cite news |agency=AFP |title=Les obsèques de Françoise Hardy se tiendront jeudi à Paris |trans-title=The funeral of Françoise Hardy will be held on Thursday in Paris |website=Le Figaro |date=2024-06-15 |url=https://www.lefigaro.fr/musique/les-obseques-de-francoise-hardy-se-tiendront-jeudi-a-paris-20240615 |language=fr |access-date=2024-06-16}}</ref> ==Ihe nkiri egwu ahọpụtara== {{columns-list|colwidth=35em| * Abọm na-enweghị aha (''[[Tous les garçons et les filles (album)|Tous les garçons et les filles]] (All The Boys And Girls)'') (1962)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://spectrumculture.com/2015/10/27/francoise-hardy-tous-les-garcons-et-les-filles-le-premier-bonheur-du-jour-mon-amie-la-rose-lamitie-la-maison-ou-jai-grandi/|title=Françoise Hardy: Tous les garçons et les filles, Le Premier Bonheur du jour, Mon Amie la rose, L'Amitié, La Maison oú j'ai grandi|last1=Paul|first1=John|date=27 October 2015|website=|publisher=Spectrum Culture|access-date=18 August 2016|archive-date=25 January 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160125230751/http://spectrumculture.com/2015/10/27/francoise-hardy-tous-les-garcons-et-les-filles-le-premier-bonheur-du-jour-mon-amie-la-rose-lamitie-la-maison-ou-jai-grandi/|url-status=live}}</ref> * Abọm na-enweghị aha (''[[Françoise Hardy (1963 album)|Le premier bonheur du jour]] (The First Good Time Of The Day)'') (1963)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.discogs.com/master/202934-Fran%C3%A7oise-Hardy-Fran%C3%A7oise-Hardy|title=Françoise Hardy – Françoise Hardy|access-date=4 April 2022|website=Discogs.com|date=1963 |archive-date=24 March 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220324203725/https://www.discogs.com/master/202934-Fran%C3%A7oise-Hardy-Fran%C3%A7oise-Hardy|url-status=live}}</ref> * Abọm na-enweghị aha (''[[Françoise Hardy canta per voi in italiano]] (English: Françoise Hardy Sings For You In Italian'') (1963)<ref>Catalogue number: LPJ 5034.</ref> * Abọm na-enweghị aha (''[[Mon amie la rose (album)|Mon amie la rose]] (My Friend The Rose'') (1964)<ref>{{Cite magazine |last1=Jones |first1=Peter |author-link1=Peter Jones (journalist) |last2= Jopling |first2= Norman |date=27 February 1965 |title=Francoise Hardy |url=https://worldradiohistory.com/UK/Record-Mirror/60s/65/Record-Mirror-1965-02-27-S-OCR.pdf |magazine=[[Record Mirror]] |issue=207 |page=11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220401225353/https://worldradiohistory.com/UK/Record-Mirror/60s/65/Record-Mirror-1965-02-27-S-OCR.pdf |archive-date=1 April 2022|access-date=17 August 2022}}</ref> * Abọm na-enweghị aha (''[[L'amitié]] (Friendship'') (1965)<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ariza Lázaro |first=Sergio |date=17 January 2017 |title=Las 10 mejores canciones de Françoise Hardy |url=https://www.diariocritico.com/musica/francoise-hardy-mejores-canciones |access-date=26 March 2021 |publisher=Diariocrítico.com |language=Spanish |archive-date=30 November 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201130054053/https://www.diariocritico.com/musica/francoise-hardy-mejores-canciones |url-status=live }}</ref> * ''[[Françoise Hardy Sings in English|In English]]'' (1966)<ref>{{Cite magazine |last1=Jones |first1=Peter |author-link1=Peter Jones (journalist) |last2= Jopling |first2= Norman |date=14 May 1966 |title=Francoise Hardy: ''Sings in English'' |url=https://worldradiohistory.com/UK/Record-Mirror/60s/66/Record-Mirror-1966-05-14.pdf |magazine=[[Record Mirror]] |issue=270 |page=10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220401225734/https://worldradiohistory.com/UK/Record-Mirror/60s/66/Record-Mirror-1966-05-14.pdf |archive-date=1 April 2022|access-date=18 November 2022}}</ref> * Abọm na-enweghị aha (''[[La maison où j'ai grandi (album)|La maison où j'ai grandi]] (The House Where I Grew Up)'') (1966)<ref>[{{AllMusic|class=album|id=r330373|pure_url=yes}} Maison Ou J'ai Grandi – overview], [[Allmusic]]. Accessed on line 1 May 2009.</ref> * ''[[Ma jeunesse fout le camp...]] (My Youth Is Leaving...)'' (1967)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ouest-france.fr/culture/musiques/les-tresors-de-nos-discotheques-francoise-hardy-chante-tant-de-belles-choses-6803149|language=French|title=Les trésors de nos discothèques. Françoise Hardy a chanté tant de belles choses|last=Trodaec|first=Michel|date=8 April 2020|work=[[Ouest-France]]|access-date=1 June 2021|archive-date=2 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210602213817/https://www.ouest-france.fr/culture/musiques/les-tresors-de-nos-discotheques-francoise-hardy-chante-tant-de-belles-choses-6803149|url-status=live}}</ref> * Abọm na-enweghị aha (''[[Françoise Hardy (1968 album)|Comment te dire adieu]] (How To Say Goodbye To You)'') (1968)<ref>{{Cite web|url = http://www.secondhandsongs.com/song/44754|title = Cover versions of It Hurts to Say Goodbye by Margaret Whiting &#124; SecondHandSongs|website = SecondHandSongs|access-date = 11 June 2024|archive-date = 8 October 2008|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20081008023158/http://www.secondhandsongs.com/song/44754|url-status = live|accessdate = 4 June 2026|archivedate = 8 October 2008|archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20081008023158/http://www.secondhandsongs.com/song/44754}}</ref> * Abọm na-enweghị aha ([[La question (album)|''La Question'']] (''The Question'') (1971)<ref name="Weiner 19" /> * ''[[Personne d'autre]] (Nobody Else)'' (2018)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.allmusic.com/album/personne-dautre-mw0003160885|title=Personne d"Autre – Françoise Hardy|publisher=AllMusic.com|last=Jurek|first=Thom|accessdate=23 May 2018|archive-date=23 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210523200637/https://www.allmusic.com/album/personne-dautre-mw0003160885|url-status=live}}</ref> }} ==Ihe nkiri== {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable" |- !scope="col"| Year !scope="col"| Title !scope="col"| Role !Director !scope="col" class="unsortable"| Notes !scope="col"| {{Abbr|Ref.|Reference(s)}} |- | 1963 !scope=row| ''[[Château en Suède|Nutty, Naughty Chateau]] (Château en Suède)'' | Ophélie | [[Roger Vadim]] | style="text-align:center;"| — | style="text-align:center;"| <ref name="Deluxe60"/> |- | 1964 !scope=row| ''[[The Hully Gully Boys]]'' ({{ill|I Ragazzi Dell'Hully Gully|it|italic=yes}}) | rowspan="2"| Herself | Marcello Giannini na [[Carlo Infascelli]] | rowspan="2"| onye na-eme egwu | style="text-align:center;"| <ref name="ragazzi"/> |- | rowspan="3"| 1965 !scope=row| ''[[Questo pazzo, pazzo mondo della canzone|This Crazy, Crazy World of Song]] (Questo Pazzo, Pazzo Mondo Della Canzone)'' | [[Bruno Corbucci]] na [[Giovanni Grimaldi]] | style="text-align:center;"| <ref name="questo"/> |- !scope=row| ''[[What's New Pussycat?]]'' | Mayor's secretary | [[Clive Donner]] | ọdịdị cameo | style="text-align:center;"| <ref name="Deluxe60"/> |- !scope=row| ''[[Altissima pressione|Highest Pressure]] (Altissima Pressione)'' | Herself | [[Enzo Trapani]] | onye na-eme egwu | style="text-align:center;"| <ref name="larkin"/> |- | rowspan="4"| 1966 !scope=row| ''[[Une balle au cœur|Devil at My Heels]] (Une balle au cœur)'' | Anna | [[Jean-Daniel Pollet]] | style="text-align:center;"| — | style="text-align:center;"| <ref name="HardyThree"/> |- !scope=row| ''[[Masculin Féminin|Masculine Feminine]]'' | American officer's companion | [[Jean-Luc Godard]] | ọdịdị cameo | style="text-align:center;"| <ref name="godard"/> |- !scope=row| ''Europe Sing (Europa Canta)'' | Herself | [[José Luis Merino]] | onye na-eme egwu | style="text-align:center;"| <ref name="larkin"/> |- !scope=row| ''[[Grand Prix (1966 film)|Grand Prix]]'' | Lisa | [[John Frankenheimer]] | style="text-align:center;"| — | style="text-align:center;"| <ref name="QuioneroCineaste"/> |- | 1968 !scope=row| ''[[Monte Carlo: C'est La Rose|Monte Carlo: It's The Rose]] (Monte Carlo: C'est La Rose)'' | Herself | [[Michael Pfleghar]] | ihe ngosi telivishọn pụrụ iche | style="text-align:center;"| <ref name="larkin"/> |- | 1969 !scope=row| ''The Man Who Came From Cher (L'Homme Qui Venait du Cher)'' | Suzanne | Pierre Desfons | ihe nkiri telivishọn | style="text-align:center;"| <ref name="cher"/> |- | 1972 !scope=row| ''[[The Doves]]'' ({{ill|Les Colombes|fr|italic=yes}}) | Young hippie | [[Jean-Claude Lord]] | ọdịdị cameo | style="text-align:center;"| <ref name="colombes">{{cite web |last=Ramond |first=Charles-Henri |date=6 October 2020 |title=Colombes, Les – Film de Jean-Claude Lord |trans-title=The Doves – Film by Jean-Claude Lord |url=https://www.filmsquebec.com/films/colombes-jean-claude-lord/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210521075854/https://www.filmsquebec.com/films/colombes-jean-claude-lord/ |archive-date=21 May 2021 |access-date=21 May 2021 |publisher=Films du Québec |language=French}}</ref> |- | 1976 !scope=row| ''[[Second Chance (1976 film)|If I Had to Do It All Over Again]] (Si C'Était à Refaire)'' | Herself | [[Claude Lelouch]] | onye na-eme egwu | style="text-align:center;"| <ref name="QuinoneroFilmography">Quinonero, 2017, "Annexe: Filmographie"</ref> |} ==Ọrụ ebipụtara== ;Ọgụgụ Eluigwe * ''Le grand livre de la Vierge (The Great Book Of The Virgin'') (ya na Béatrice Guénin) (1979)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://booknode.com/le_grand_livre_de_la_vierge_0264192|title=Le grand livre de la Vierge|publisher=Booknode|accessdate=11 June 2024|archive-date=5 May 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150505163334/http://booknode.com/le_grand_livre_de_la_vierge_0264192|url-status=live}}</ref> * ''Entre les lignes, entre les signes (Between The Lines, Between The Signs)'' (ya na Anne-Marie Simond) (1986) * ''L'astrologie universelle (Universal Astrology)'' (1987)<ref>{{cite web |title=L'astrologie universelle: Le zodiaque comme vous ne l'avez jamais vu (French Edition) |trans-title=Universal Astrology: The Zodiac as You've Never Seen It (French Edition) |url=https://www.abebooks.com/Lastrologie-universelle-zodiaque-lavez-jamais-French/31468886569/bd |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240612012204/https://www.abebooks.com/Lastrologie-universelle-zodiaque-lavez-jamais-French/31468886569/bd |archive-date=12 June 2024 |accessdate=11 June 2024 |publisher=Abe books}}</ref> * ''Les rythmes du zodiaque (The Rhythms Of The Zodiac)'' (2003)<ref>{{cite book|url=https://mediatheque.chartres.fr/Default/doc/SYRACUSE/185255/les-rythmes-du-zodiaque-francoise-hardy?_lg=en-US|title=Les rythmes du zodiaque / Françoise Hardy|date=2003 |publisher=Madiatheque|isbn=978-2-7491-0101-9 |accessdate=11 June 2024|archive-date=12 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240612012254/https://mediatheque.chartres.fr/Default/doc/SYRACUSE/185255/les-rythmes-du-zodiaque-francoise-hardy?_lg=en-US|url-status=live}}</ref> ;Akụkọ na-abụghị akụkọ ifo * ''Notes secrètes: entretiens avec Eric Dumont (Secret Notes: Interviews With Eric Dumont)'' (1991) (ajụjụ ọnụ)<ref>{{cite book|title=Notes secrètes : Françoise Hardy : entretiens avec Eric Dumont|publisher=Worldcat |oclc=30916651 }}</ref> * ''Le désespoir des singes... et autres bagatelles (The Despair Of The Monkeys... And Other Trifles)'' (2008) (akụkọ ndụ onwe onye)<ref>{{cite web |title=Le désespoir des singes et autres bagatelles |trans-title=The Despair of Monkeys and Other Trifles |url=https://www.babelio.com/livres/Hardy-Le-desespoir-des-singes-et-autres-bagatelles/90475 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240303034056/https://www.babelio.com/livres/Hardy-Le-desespoir-des-singes-et-autres-bagatelles/90475 |archive-date=3 March 2024 |accessdate=11 June 2024 |publisher=Babelio |archivedate=3 March 2024 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240303034056/https://www.babelio.com/livres/Hardy-Le-desespoir-des-singes-et-autres-bagatelles/90475 }}</ref> * ''Avis non autorisés... (Unauthorized Reviews...)'' (2015) (edemede)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.abebooks.com/9782290130124/Avis-autoris%C3%A9s-Documents-11527-French-2290130125/plp|title=Avis non autorisés|publisher=Abebooks|accessdate=11 June 2024|archive-date=12 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240612012210/https://www.abebooks.com/9782290130124/Avis-autoris%C3%A9s-Documents-11527-French-2290130125/plp|url-status=live}}</ref> * ''Un cadeau du ciel... (A Gift From Heaven...)'' (2016) (essay)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.babelio.com/livres/Hardy-Un-cadeau-du-ciel/903592|title=Un cadeau du ciel|publisher=Babelio|accessdate=11 June 2024|archive-date=15 August 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220815104001/https://www.babelio.com/livres/Hardy-Un-cadeau-du-ciel/903592|url-status=live|archivedate=15 August 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220815104001/https://www.babelio.com/livres/Hardy-Un-cadeau-du-ciel/903592}}</ref> * ''Chansons sur toi et nous (Songs About You And Us)'' (2021) (akwụkwọ egwu)<ref>{{cite web |title=Chansons sur toi et nous |trans-title=Songs about you and us |url=https://www.jailu.com/chansons-sur-toi-et-nous/9782290359761 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231128223341/https://www.jailu.com/chansons-sur-toi-et-nous/9782290359761 |archive-date=28 November 2023 |accessdate=11 June 2024 |publisher=Jailu}}</ref> ;Akwụkwọ akụkọ * ''L'amour fou (Crazy Love)'' (2014)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.abebooks.com/servlet/BookDetailsPL?bi=12925998800&cm_sp=plp-_-9782290070703-_-new|title=L'amour fou|publisher=Abebooks|accessdate=11 June 2024|archive-date=12 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240612012251/https://www.abebooks.com/servlet/BookDetailsPL?bi=12925998800&cm_sp=plp-_-9782290070703-_-new|url-status=live}}</ref> ==Hụkwa== *[[Ejiji ndị France]] *[[Egwu rock na France]] *[[Ndepụta ndị na-agụ kpakpando (astrologers)]] *[[Ndepụta ndị na-ese ma ọ bụ na-eme egwu baroque pop]] *[[Ndepụta ndị na-ese ma ọ bụ na-eme egwu folk rock]] *[[Ndepụta ndị na-abụ abụ France]] *[[Ndepụta ndị na-abụ abụ yé-yé]] ==Edensibia== {{reflist|colwidth=30em}} {{reflist|group=note}} ==Ndekọ Akwụkwọ== * {{cite book|title=Sounds French: Globalization, Cultural Communities, and Pop Music in France, 1958–1980|first=Jonathyne|last=Briggs|publisher=[[Oxford University Press]]|year=2015|isbn=978-0199377060}} * {{cite book|last=Deluxe|first=Jean-Emmanuel|publisher=[[Feral House]]|year=2013|isbn=978-1936239719|title=Yé-Yé Girls of '60s French Pop}} * {{cite book|title=The Despair of Monkeys and Other Trifles: A Memoir by Françoise Hardy|last=Hardy|first=Françoise |year=2018|translator-last1=Graham|translator-first1=Jon E.|publisher=[[Feral House]]|trans-title= Le désespoir des singes... et autres bagatelles|orig-year=2008|isbn=978-1-62731-0734|type=eBook}} * {{cite book | last = Lesueur | first = Daniel | title = Françoise Hardy: Catch a Rising Star | publisher = Camion Blanc | year = 2015 | isbn = 978-2357797666 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=a8aZCwAAQBAJ | language = fr | access-date = 31 May 2021 }} * {{cite book|last=Quinonero|first=Frédéric|year=2017|language=French|publisher=Éditions l'Archipel|title=Françoise Hardy, un long chant d'amour|isbn=978-2809822267|type=eBook}} ==Njikọ mpụga== {{commons}} * {{Official website|http://www.francoise-hardy.com/}} {{in lang|fr}} * {{AllMusic|class=artist|id=mn0000186594|label=Françoise Hardy}} * [https://www.discogs.com/artist/457980-Fran%C3%A7oise-Hardy Françoise Hardy] na [[Discogs]] * {{IMDb name|id=0362634|name=Françoise Hardy}} * [https://www.last.fm/music/Fran%C3%A7oise+Hardy Françoise Hardy] na [[Last.fm]] * [https://www.officialcharts.com/artist/11186/francoise-hardy/ Françoise Hardy] na [[Official Charts Company]] {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Hardy, Francoise}} [[Category: Ụmụ nwanyị]] rnifyheird1vx1fuqhgwms7867iqyfj 0 76466 696412 653926 2026-08-02T13:16:20Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 696412 wikitext text/x-wiki  {{Reflist}}'''Iva Troj''' (amụrụ na 1 Julaị 1969) bụ onye na-ese ihe na Sweden nke oge a, onye na-eme ihe osise na onye edemede nke bi na Brighton, [[Obodoézè Nà Ofú|United Kingdom]] . <ref>{{Cite web|author=Caro|date=2016-04-27|title=Iva Troj's Paintings Break the Mold of Renaissance-style Beauty - Hi-Fructose Magazine|url=https://hifructose.com/2016/04/27/iva-trojs-paintings-break-the-mold-of-renaissance-style-beauty/|accessdate=2026-03-16|language=en-US}}</ref> A maara ya maka ihe osise mmanụ nke jikọtara usọro Renaissance na ihe oyiyi postmodern, yana maka ịmepụta nnukwu ihe osise maka mmalite nke egwuregwu vidio Xbox Halo Infinite na 2021. E gosipụtara ọrụ ahụ na Saatchi Gallery na [[London]] na Carrousel du Louvre na Paris.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|author=Duffy|first=Christian|date=2023-10-16|title=HALO INFINITE MASTER PIECE » Saatchi Gallery|url=https://www.saatchigallery.com/exhibition/halo_infinite_master_piece|accessdate=2026-03-16|work=Saatchi Gallery »|language=en-GB}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web|author=Dassanayake|first=Dion|date=2021-12-09|title=Cortana, it's a Master Piece! Halo art on display in London gallery|url=https://www.express.co.uk/entertainment/gaming/1533987/Cortana-Halo-art-on-display-in-London-gallery-for-Infinite-launch|accessdate=2026-03-16|work=Express.co.uk|language=en}}</ref> == Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ == Troj tolitere na '''Plovdiv''', Bulgaria, n’afọ ndị ikpeazụ nke ọchịchị Kọmunist na Eastern Europe. Mgbe e mesịrị, ọ mụrụ nka na imewe (design) na '''United States''' nakwa na '''Scandinavia'''. N’afọ 2013, ọ hibere ọrụ nka nke ya na '''United Kingdom'''. [[Obodoézè Nà Ofú|UK]].<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|title=Iva Troj|url=https://suntup.press/collaborators/artists/iva-troj/|accessdate=2026-03-16|work=Suntup Editions|language=en-US}}</ref> O nwere PhD na akụkọ ihe mere eme.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|title=Iva Troj|url=https://www.saatchiart.com/ivatroj|accessdate=2026-03-16|work=Saatchi Art|language=en}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite web|date=2024-03-19|title=Iva Troj - Beautiful Bizarre Artist Directory|url=https://artists.beautifulbizarre.net/2024/03/iva-troj/|accessdate=2026-03-16|work=artists.beautifulbizarre.net|language=en-AU}}</ref> == Ọrụ == Troj hibere ma malite ọrụ nka nke ya na '''United Kingdom''' n’afọ 2013.. <ref name=":2"/> N’oge ngwụcha afọ 2021, '''Xbox UK''' na ụlọ ọrụ nkwukọrịta '''Edelman''' nyere Troj ọrụ ka ọ see nnukwu eserese mmanụ iji mee akara mmalite nke '''Halo Infinite''', nke bụ akụkụ pụrụ iche e wepụtara maka ncheta afọ iri abụọ nke usoro egwuregwu '''Halo'''..<ref name=":0"/> E kpughere ihe osise ahụ na Saatchi Gallery na London na Disemba 2021. <ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-12-08|title=Saatchi Gallery unveils Halo oil painting to mark release of Halo Infinite|url=https://ukstories.microsoft.com/features/a-master-piece-saatchi-gallery-unveils-halo-oil-painting-to-mark-release-of-halo-infinite-on-xbox-and-pc/|accessdate=2026-03-16|work=Microsoft UK Stories|language=en-GB}}</ref> E gosipụtara ọrụ nke abụọ, nke dị obere nke Xbox France nyere iwu n'otu oge na Carrousel du Louvre na Paris.<ref name=":1"/><ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-12-14|title=Halo Infinite artwork by Iva Troj is truly a masterpiece|url=https://creativefolk.co.uk/halo-infinite-artwork-by-iva-troj-is-truly-a-masterpiece/|accessdate=2026-03-16|work=CreativeFolk|language=en-GB}}</ref> N’ọnwa Septemba 2022, a kpọrọ Troj ka ọ bịa gosi ọtụtụ n’ime eserese ya na '''Louvre''' dị na '''Paris'''. N’ọrụ ndị o gosipụtara e nwere nnukwu eserese ndị a kpọrọ ''Barefoot'', ''Element'', na ''Life-sized Ghosts''. E kere ''Element'' na ''Life-sized Ghosts'' kpọmkwem maka ngosi ahụ..<ref name=":5">{{Cite web|title=Iva Troj|url=https://artvocate.co/collections/iva-troj|accessdate=2026-03-16|work=Artvocate|language=en}}</ref> == Akwụkwọ == * ''Hello Troj'' (2022) * ''Mmanya Origami'' == Onyinye na mmata == * The Towry Best of East England Award in 2013<ref name=":3"/><ref name=":4"/><ref name=":5"/><ref>{{Cite web|title=National Art Open 2013: winners announced « a-n The Artists Information Company|url=https://www.a-n.co.uk/news/national-art-open-2013-winner-announced/|accessdate=2026-03-16|language=en-GB|archivedate=2025-04-16|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20250416022955/https://www.a-n.co.uk/news/national-art-open-2013-winner-announced/}}</ref> * The Contemporary Art Excellence Artist of the Year award in 2016 <ref name=":3" /><ref name=":4" /><ref name=":5" /> * Palm Award Winner 2016<ref name=":5" /> * GAA Artist of the year 2016 and 2020<ref name=":5" /> * Second-place in the Circle Foundation for the Arts Artist of the Year contest in 2020<ref name=":5" /> * The ''Halo Infinite Masterpiece'' campaign earned three Cannes Lions nominations and a Silver Gerety Award in 2021<ref name=":4" /> == Ihe odide == [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Otú:Articles with hCards]] 2rts5ifn5anewhxhxk21i4o3way8y0x 0 76806 696738 689690 2026-08-03T09:01:19Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 3 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 696738 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Mauro Cabral Grinspan''',<ref>{{Cite web|work=Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights|url=http://www.ohchr.org/EN/HRBodies/SP/Pages/HRC33.aspx|title=APPOINTMENTS TO BE MADE AT THE 33RD SESSION OF THE HUMAN RIGHTS COUNCIL (13 – 30 September 2016)|date=2016|accessdate=27 August 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160902032256/http://www.ohchr.org/EN/HRBodies/SP/Pages/HRC33.aspx|archivedate=2 September 2016}}</ref> Mauro Cabral, onye Argentina bụ onye na-akwado mmekọrịta nwoke na nwanyị na nwanyị na trans, bụkwa onye nyocha. Ọ na-ahazi ọrụ gbasara iwepụ ọrịa intersex na InterAction for Health and Human Rights.<ref name="Int">{{Cite web|url=http://www.interaction.org.au/staff/|quote=|title=Our staff – InterAction|date=25 November 2016|accessdate=18 June 2026|archivedate=11 May 2026|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20260511065053/https://interaction.org.au/staff/}}</ref> Previously, he served as the Senior Officer for Gender Justice and Equity at the Global Philanthropy Project. Before that, he was the Executive Director of GATE, organization that he co-founded in 2009. Mauro Cabral Grinspan is a signatory of the Yogyakarta Principles<ref name="yog" /> and a signatory of the Yogyakarta Principles Plus 10. In July 2015, Cabral received the inaugural [[Bob Hepple]] Equality Award.<ref name="lsg" /> == Ndụ mbụ na echiche == E kenyere Mauro Cabral Grinspan nwanyị mgbe a mụrụ ya, mana ugbu a ọ dị ndụ dị ka nwoke. Ọ kọwala etu esi chọpụta na ahụ ya dị iche ma ọ bụ "ezughị ezu" n'oge ọ dị afọ iri na ụma; mgbe a wachara ya ahụ ugboro abụọ, ọ ga-eme ọtụtụ usoro ịwa ahụ ruo ọtụtụ afọ..<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=59RwM0koP-M|title=Situación de Derechos Humanos de Personas Intersex: clips de audiencias|author=Comisión Interamericana de Derechos Humanos|date=2015|work=YouTube|publisher=Comisión Interamericana de Derechos Humanos|accessdate=2015-06-25|quote=}}</ref> O kwuru n'ajụjụ ọnụ na ịwa ahụ na-eme ka o chee na ọ dị ya mkpa ịwa ahụ tupu a hụ ya n'anya.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2010-11-14|title="Si me hubieran operado al nacer habría tenido más calidad de vida" -|url=https://www.pikaramagazine.com/2010/11/%e2%80%9csi-me-hubieran-operado-al-nacer-hubiera-tenido-mas-calidad-de-vida%e2%80%9d/|accessdate=2021-06-02|work=[[Pikara Magazine]]|language=es-ES}}</ref> Cabral Grinspan na-ekwu na homophobia bụ ihe na-akpali mkpali a na-ahụkarị iji "me ka" ụmụaka intersex bụrụ ndị nwoke ma ọ bụ nwanyị ọdịnala, ma na-atụ aro ịwa ahụ maka ndị intersex na-eziga ụmụaka ozi na a ga-agbanwe ahụ ha ka ha bụrụ ndị a na-anabata. Tụkwasị na nke a, Cabral Grinspan na-atụ aro mkpa ọ dị ịnabata ọdịbendị zuru oke nke intersex n'emeghị ka ndị a bụrụ na ha na-arịa ọrịa.<ref name="interdic">{{Cite book|publisher=Mulabi|isbn=978-987-05-5898-9|editor=Cabral|title=Interdicciones: Escrituras de la intersexualidad en castellano|location=Córdoba, Argentina|date=February 2009}}</ref> == Mgbalị == Mauro Cabral Grinspan etinyela aka na mmegide na nsogbu trans na intersex kemgbe ọ dịkarịa ala afọ 2005. Site na 2005 ruo 2007 ọ bụ onye na-ahụ maka ịhazi Trans na Intersex Area na IGLHRC Latin American Office.<ref name="sobre" /> Ọ rụrụ ọrụ afọ atọ na MULABI, Latin American Space for Sexualities and Rights, wee bụrụ onye isi nchịkwa na 2009. Cabral ghọrọ onye nduzi nke GATE na Jenụwarị 2010 <ref name="sobre">{{Cite web|url=http://transactivists.org/about/|title=About GATE|work=[[GATE (organization)|GATE]]|accessdate=31 December 2013|archivedate=1 October 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151001103530/http://transactivists.org/about/}}</ref> ma bụrụkwa onye isi oche nke International Trans* Reference Group na Global Forum on MSM and HIV / AIDS.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://iglhrc.org/content/latin-america-iglhrc%C2%B4s-latin-america-and-caribbean-2005-work|title=Latin America: IGLHRC´s Latin America and the Caribbean 2005 work|work=[[International Gay and Lesbian Human Rights Commission|IGLHRC]]|date=January 4, 2006|accessdate=December 31, 2013|archivedate=December 31, 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131231200925/http://iglhrc.org/content/latin-america-iglhrc%C2%B4s-latin-america-and-caribbean-2005-work}}</ref> Cabral bụ onye otu Latin American Consortium on Intersex Issues, na nke International Advisory Board na Human Rights Watch LGBT Program. [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2023)">citation needed</span>]]''&#x5D;</sup> Cabral Grinspan sonyere n'ihe ndị mere ka Sineti Argentina kwado iwu ọhụrụ gbasara njirimara nwoke na nwanyị na Eprel 2012. Iwu ahụ na-eme ka o kwe omume ịgbanwe aha nwoke na nwanyị n'enweghị ịwa ahụ ma ọ bụ ọgwụgwọ ahụike, ma ọ bụ nkwenye ikpe..<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://100porciento.wordpress.com/2012/04/17/100-diversidad-y-derechos-primer-paso-en-el-senado-de-la-nacion-hacia-la-ley-de-identidad-de-genero/|title=Primer paso en el Senado de la Nación hacia la Ley de Identidad de Género|work=100% Diversidad y Derechos|date=April 17, 2012}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.pagina12.com.ar/diario/suplementos/soy/1-2103-2011-08-26.html|title=Un día para recordar|work=[[Página/12]]|date=26 August 2011}}</ref> Cabral Grinspan haziri ọrụ na mgbanwe nke World Health Organization's International Classification of Diseases, ọkachasị nkatọ na aro ndị ọzọ gbasara "Gender Incongruence of Childhood".<ref name="icd">{{Cite web|author=Cabral|first=Mauro|url=http://globaltransaction.files.wordpress.com/2012/03/critique-and-alternative-proposal-to-the-_gender-incongruence-of-childhood_-category-in-icd-11.pdf|publisher=[[GATE (organization)|GATE]]|title=Critique and Alternative Proposal to the "Gender Incongruence of Childhood" Category in ICD-11|accessdate=2014-12-26|archivedate=2020-06-14|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200614105851/https://globaltransaction.files.wordpress.com/2012/03/critique-and-alternative-proposal-to-the-_gender-incongruence-of-childhood_-category-in-icd-11.pdf}}</ref> Ọ bụ onye na-enye aka na akụkọ World Health Organization "Sexual health, human rights and the law".<ref name="who2015" />{{Cite book|publisher=World Health Organization|isbn=9789241564984|author=World Health Organization|title=Sexual health, human rights and the law|location=Geneva|date=June 2015|url=http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/175556/1/9789241564984_eng.pdf?ua=1}}</ref> Cabral Grinspan nyere aka hazie nzukọ nke atọ nke International Intersex Forum na Malta, 2013. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ilga-europe.org/home/news/latest/3rd_intersex_forum_2013|title=3rd International Intersex Forum in Malta|work=[[ILGA-Europe]]|date=22 July 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131226222209/http://www.ilga-europe.org/home/news/latest/3rd_intersex_forum_2013|archivedate=26 December 2013}}</ref> N'afọ 2015, Cabral ghọrọ onye ndụmọdụ ukwu maka ụlọ ọrụ enyemaka Intersex Human Rights Fund nke mbụ nke Astraea Lesbian Foundation for Justice guzobere.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.astraeafoundation.org/news/344/60/Introducing-the-Intersex-Fund-team-at-Astraea|title=Introducing the Intersex Fund team at Astraea!|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.-->|date=June 16, 2015|work=[[Astraea Lesbian Foundation for Justice]]|publisher=Astraea Lesbian Foundation for Justice|accessdate=2015-07-02|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150703205803/http://www.astraeafoundation.org/news/344/60/Introducing-the-Intersex-Fund-team-at-Astraea|archivedate=July 3, 2015}}</ref> N'afọ 2006, Cabral sonyere na mmepụta nke Yogyakarta Principles on the Application of Human Rights Legislation to Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity, <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.infojusnoticias.gov.ar/nacionales/yogyakarta-la-identidad-de-genero-desde-la-perspectiva-de-los-derechos-humanos-5397.html|title=Yogyakarta: la identidad de género desde la perspectiva de los derechos humanos|author=Infojus Noticias|date=August 26, 2014|work=|publisher=Ministerio de Justicia y Derechos Humanos, Argentina|accessdate=2015-06-25|quote=|archivedate=2018-08-18|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180818052324/http://www.infojusnoticias.gov.ar/nacionales/yogyakarta-la-identidad-de-genero-desde-la-perspectiva-de-los-derechos-humanos-5397.html}}</ref> ma bụrụkwa otu n'ime ndị mbụ 29 bịanyere aka. <ref name="yog">{{Cite web|url=http://www.yogyakartaprinciples.org/principles_en_principles.htm|title=The Yogyakarta Principles on the Application of International Human Rights Law in relation to Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.-->|work=[[Yogyakarta Principles]]|accessdate=2015-08-01|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150628071304/http://www.yogyakartaprinciples.org/principles_en_principles.htm|archivedate=2015-06-28}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">. ''[[Yogyakarta Principles]]''. Archived from on 2015-06-28<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2015-08-01</span></span>.</cite></ref> Ọ bụkwa onye otu kọmitii na-edepụta ma bịanye aka na Yogyakarta Principles gbakwunyere 10, na itinye n'ọrụ [[International human rights law|Iwu ikike mmadụ nke mba ụwa]] n'ihe gbasara mmasị mmekọahụ, njirimara nwoke na nwanyị, ngosipụta nwoke na nwanyị na njirimara mmekọahụ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.yogyakartaprinciples.org/principles-en/yp10/|title=Yogyakarta Principles plus 10|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171201043532/http://www.yogyakartaprinciples.org/principles-en/yp10/|archivedate=2017-12-01}}</ref> Na Jenụwarị 2024, Intersex Human Rights Australia kwupụtara na a họpụtara Cabral dị ka Onyeisi Ndụmọdụ na Onye Nhazi Ọrụ na ọrụ mba ụwa kachasị ọhụrụ ha..<ref>{{Cite web|title=Welcoming Mauro Cabral Grinspan – Intersex Human Rights Australia|work=Intersex Human Rights Australia – For the health and human rights of people with innate variations of sex characteristics|date=15 January 2024|url=https://ihra.org.au/40714/welcoming-mauro-cabral-grinspan/|accessdate=28 July 2024|archivedate=28 July 2024|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240728010705/https://ihra.org.au/40714/welcoming-mauro-cabral-grinspan/}}</ref> == Ọrụ agụmakwụkwọ == Cabral Grinspan nwere nzere na akụkọ ihe mere eme na Mahadum Mba nke Córdoba . <ref name="akahata">{{Cite web|url=http://www.akahataorg.org/organizaci%C3%B3n/integrantes/|title=Integrantes|author=AKAHATÁ|date=2015|work=|publisher=AKAHATÁ|accessdate=2015-06-25|quote=|archivedate=2014-12-26|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141226192536/http://www.akahataorg.org/organizaci%C3%B3n/integrantes}}</ref> == Akwụkwọ ndị a họọrọ == === Akwụkwọ === * {{Cite book|publisher=Mulabi|isbn=978-987-05-5898-9|editor=Cabral|title=Interdicciones: Escrituras de la intersexualidad en castellano|location=Córdoba, Argentina|date=February 2009}} === Akwụkwọ akụkọ === * {{Cite journal|doi=10.1016/S2215-0366(16)30043-8|pmid=27155514|issn=2215-0366|volume=3|issue=5|pages=405–406|author=Cabral|first=Mauro|title=Removal of gender incongruence of childhood diagnostic category: a human rights perspective|journal=The Lancet Psychiatry|date=May 2016}} * {{Cite journal|doi=10.1016/j.rhm.2015.11.014|pmid=26719011|issn=0968-8080|volume=23|issue=46|pages=196|author=Cabral|first=Mauro|title=Statement from GATE - Global Action for Trans* Equality|journal=[[Reproductive Health Matters]]|date=November 1, 2015}} * {{Cite journal|volume=3|issue=8|pages=199–212|author=Cabral|first=Mauro|title=Tercera posición en materia de género|journal=Derechos Humanos|date=December 2014|url=http://www.infojus.gob.ar/docs-f/ediciones/revistas/DERECHOS_HUMANOS_A3_N8.pdf}} * {{Cite journal|doi=10.1215/23289252-2685669|issn=2328-9252|volume=1|issue=3|pages=419–439|author=Boellstorff|first=T.|title=Decolonizing Transgender: A Roundtable Discussion|journal=TSQ: Transgender Studies Quarterly|date=January 2014|url=http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/1539790v}} === Editorial === * {{Cite web|author=Cabral|first=Mauro|url=https://transactivists.org/2016/10/26/iad2016-a-message-from-mauro-cabral/|title=IAD2016: A Message from Mauro Cabral|work=[[GATE (organization)|GATE]]|date=October 26, 2016|accessdate=2016-10-27|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161103133403/https://transactivists.org/2016/10/26/iad2016-a-message-from-mauro-cabral/|archivedate=November 3, 2016}} * {{Cite web|publisher=[[Intersex Awareness Day|Intersex Day]]|author=Cabral Grinspan|first=Mauro|title=The marks on our bodies|date=October 25, 2015|url=http://intersexday.org/en/mauro-cabral-marks-bodies/|accessdate=2016-05-16|archivedate=2016-04-05|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160405220557/http://intersexday.org/en/mauro-cabral-marks-bodies/}} * {{Cite web|editor=Cabral|title=Intersex Issues in the International Classification of Diseases: a revision|date=2014|url=http://intersexday.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/intersex_issues_in_the_international_classification_of_diseases-cabral-carpenter-2014.pdf|accessdate=2016-05-20|archivedate=2016-08-11|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160811041824/http://intersexday.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/intersex_issues_in_the_international_classification_of_diseases-cabral-carpenter-2014.pdf}} * {{Cite web|publisher=GATE|author=Cabral|first=Mauro|title=Critique and Alternative Proposal to the "Gender Incongruence of Childhood" Category in ICD-11|date=April 2013|url=http://globaltransaction.files.wordpress.com/2012/03/critique-and-alternative-proposal-to-the-_gender-incongruence-of-childhood_-category-in-icd-11.pdf|accessdate=2014-12-29|archivedate=2020-06-14|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200614105851/https://globaltransaction.files.wordpress.com/2012/03/critique-and-alternative-proposal-to-the-_gender-incongruence-of-childhood_-category-in-icd-11.pdf}} * {{Cite web|author=Maffia|first=Diana|title=Los sexos ¿son o se hacen?|date=2013|url=https://programaddssrr.files.wordpress.com/2013/05/los-sexos-son-o-se-hacen.pdf|accessdate=2016-05-21|archivedate=2020-02-15|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200215192934/https://programaddssrr.files.wordpress.com/2013/05/los-sexos-son-o-se-hacen.pdf}} === Okwu === * Na Septemba 2016, Cabral nyere ihe ngosi dị mkpa na 2016 Trans*studies conference na Mahadum Arizona. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://lgbt.arizona.edu/2016-Trans-studies|title=2016 Trans*studies|work=Institute for Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Studies, [[University of Arizona]]|date=2016|accessdate=2016-09-17|archivedate=2016-09-18|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160918010134/https://lgbt.arizona.edu/2016-Trans-studies}}</ref> * "Ihe omume mbụ nke United Nations Human Rights Council na nsogbu intersex" na Machị 2014, n'akụkụ ndị nnọchi anya Intersex UK, Organisation Intersex International Australia, na Zwischengeschlecht, <ref>{{Cite web|author=Cabral|first=Mauro|url=http://oii.org.au/25644/intersex-side-event-un-human-rights-council/|title=Intersex side event at the UN Human Rights Council|date=28 May 2014|publisher=[[Organisation Intersex International Australia]]|accessdate=2014-12-29|archivedate=2014-12-29|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141229051651/http://oii.org.au/25644/intersex-side-event-un-human-rights-council/}}</ref> * Na Machị 2013, Mauro Cabral, ya na Natasha Jiménez nke [https://web.archive.org/web/20260519080751/http://www.mulabi.org/ MULABI], Paula Sandrine Marchado na Pidgeon Pagonis gbara akaebe na Inter-American Commission on Human Rights on Situation of Human Rights of Intersex Persons in the Americas. Ikpe mbụ banyere ikike mmadụ intersex n'ihu Commission, onye ọ bụla kesara ahụmahụ nke onwe ya ma gosipụta okwu sara mbara, dị ka ịwa ahụ "ịdị mma" na akụkụ ahụ nwanyị nke ụmụ ọhụrụ intersex.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://hrbrief.org/2013/03/situation-of-human-rights-of-intersex-persons-in-the-americas/|title=Situation of Human Rights of Intersex Persons in the Americas|work=Center for Human Rights and Humanitarian Law|date=March 21, 2013}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.oas.org/en/iachr/media_center/PReleases/2013/Calendar147eng.pdf|title=Schedule of Hearings 147o Session Inter-American Commission on Human Rights (IACHR)|work=[[Organization of American States]]|date=2013}}</ref> * Na 30 June 2011, Mauro Cabral, kwuru okwu na European Parliament Subcommittee on Human Rights on trans and intersex rights. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://vimeo.com/26002162|title=Mauro Cabral: Trans and intersex rights|publisher=[[European Parliament]] LGBT Intergroup at [[Vimeo.com]]|date=5 July 2011|accessdate=25 April 2012}}</ref> Cabral enyewo aka n'ọtụtụ akwụkwọ gụnyere Yogyakarta Principles, akụkọ World Health Organization "Sexual health, human rights and the law", <ref name="who2015">{{Cite book|publisher=World Health Organization|isbn=9789241564984|author=World Health Organization|title=Sexual health, human rights and the law|location=Geneva|date=June 2015|url=http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/175556/1/9789241564984_eng.pdf?ua=1}}<cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFWorld_Health_Organization2015">World Health Organization (June 2015). [http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/175556/1/9789241564984_eng.pdf?ua=1 ''Sexual health, human rights and the law''] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Geneva: World Health Organization. [[ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/9789241564984|<bdi>9789241564984</bdi>]].</cite></ref> na akụkọ Open Society Foundations "Licence to Be Yourself". <ref>{{Cite book|publisher=Open Society Foundations|isbn=9781940983103|author=Byrne|first=Jack|title=License to Be Yourself Laws and Advocacy for Legal Gender Recognition of Trans People|location=New York|accessdate=2014-10-23|date=2014|url=http://www.opensocietyfoundations.org/reports/license-be-yourself}}</ref> == Onyinye na mmata == N'ọnwa Julaị afọ 2015, Cabral bụ onye natara onyinye [[Bob Hepple]] Equality Award, n'akụkụ Pragna Patel nke Southall Black Sisters.<ref name="ohrh">{{Cite web|url=http://ohrh.law.ox.ac.uk/the-inaugural-bob-hepple-equality-award-celebrates-equal-rights-activists-and-advances-support-to-their-cause/|title=The Inaugural Bob Hepple Equality Award Celebrates Equal Rights Activists and Advances Support to their Cause|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.-->|date=July 21, 2015|work=|publisher=[[Oxford Human Rights Hub]]|accessdate=2015-08-01|quote=}}</ref> A na-akpọ aha onyinye ahụ Bob Hepple, onye bụbu onye ọka iwu [[Nelson Mandela]]. <ref name="lsg">{{Cite web|url=http://www.lawgazette.co.uk/news/mandela-lawyer-award-winner-announced/5050164.article|title=Mandela lawyer award winner announced|author=Law Society Gazette|authorlink=Law Society Gazette|date=July 2015|work=|publisher=[[Law Society Gazette]]|accessdate=2015-08-01|quote=}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFLaw_Society_Gazette2015">[[Law Society Gazette]] (July 2015). [http://www.lawgazette.co.uk/news/mandela-lawyer-award-winner-announced/5050164.article "Mandela lawyer award winner announced"]. [[Law Society Gazette]]<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2015-08-01</span></span>.</cite></ref> The Oxford Human Rights Hub na-ekwu, "Cabral dị oke mkpa na usoro na-eduga n'ịmepụta Iwu Nkọwapụta Mmekọahụ nke Argentina na 2012, iwu nke e depụtara nke ọma na mkpebi ụlọ ikpe gbasara ikpe gbasara njirimara nwoke na nwanyị, gụnyere Ụlọikpe Kasị Elu nke India, nke kpaliri mgbanwe iwu na mba gụnyere Malta, Netherlands na Sweden. "<ref name="ohrh" /> == Edensibịa == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * [http://transactivists.org Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ GATE] * [http://www.mulabilatino.org/ Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ MULABI] [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Otú:Articles with hCards]] [[Otú:Pages with unreviewed translations]] o6h7af5yo79rnpjzcy3mwg2a2yuxp69 0 76912 696410 687430 2026-08-02T13:02:07Z Nachi kim 20090 Fixed reference error 696410 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Siegfried Fred Singer''' (September 27, 1924 - April 6, 2020) <ref name=":0">{{Cite news|title=Dr. S. Fred Singer, R.I.P.|url=https://www.heartland.org/news-opinion/news/dr-s-fred-singer-rip|accessdate=April 7, 2020|work=The Heartland Institute|language=en}}</ref> bụbụ onye ọka mmụta sayensị na America a mụrụ na Austria na prọfesọ emeritus nke sayensị gburugburu na Mahadum Virginia, zụrụ azụ dịka onye physics ikuku. A maara ya maka ịjụ nkwekọrịta sayensị n'ọtụtụ okwu, gụnyere Mgbanwe ihu igwe, njikọ dị n'etiti UV-B na ọnụọgụgụ melanoma, mmebi ozone stratospheric nke chlorofluoro compounds, nke a na-ejikarị eme ihe dịka refrigerants, na ihe ize ndụ ahụike nke ịṅụ sịga.<ref>{{Cite journal|year=2013|author=Dunlap|first=R. E.|title=Climate Change Denial Books and Conservative Think Tanks: Exploring the Connection|journal=The American Behavioral Scientist|volume=57|issue=6|pages=699–731|pmid=24098056|doi=10.1177/0002764213477096}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/06/16/science/naomi-oreskes-a-lightning-rod-in-a-changing-climate.html|title=Naomi Oreskes, a Lightning Rod in a Changing Climate|work=The New York Times|date=June 15, 2015|author=Gillis|first=Justin}}</ref> Ọ bụ onye edemede ma ọ bụ onye nchịkọta akụkọ nke ọtụtụ akwụkwọ, gụnyere Global Effects of Environmental Pollution (1970), The Ocean in Human Affairs (1989), Global Climate Change (1989), The Greenhouse Debate Continued (1992), na Hot Talk, Cold Science (1997). O deekwara akwụkwọ akụkọ Unstoppable Global Warming: Kwa afọ 1,500 Years (2007) na Dennis Avery, na Climate Change Reconsidered (2009) na Craig Idso.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://sepp.org/about%20sepp/bios/singer/cvsfs.html|title=S. Fred Singer, Ph.D.|accessdate=March 15, 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090125045629/http://sepp.org/about%20sepp/bios/singer/cvsfs.html|archivedate=January 25, 2009}}</ref> Onye na-abụ abụ nwere ọrụ dị iche iche, na-eje ozi na ndị agha, gọọmentị, na agụmakwụkwọ. O rụrụ ogbunigwe maka ndị agha mmiri US n'oge Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ, tupu ọ nweta Ph.D. ya na physics na Mahadum Princeton n'afọ 1948 ma rụọ ọrụ dịka onye na-ahụ maka mmekọrịta sayensị na U.S. Embassy na London. Ọ ghọrọ onye isi na nyocha mbara igwe mbụ, na-etinye aka na mmepe nke satellites na-ahụ maka ụwa, n'afọ 1962 guzobere National Weather Bureau's Satellite Service Center. Ọ bụ onye guzobere Mahadum nke Miami School of Environmental and Planetary Sciences n'afọ 1964, ma nwee ọtụtụ ọkwa gọọmentị, gụnyere osote osote onye nchịkwa maka Ngalaba Nchebe Gburugburu Ebe Obibi, na onye isi sayensị maka Ngalaba Transportation. Ọ bụ prọfesọ na Mahadum Virginia site n'afọ 1971 ruo n'afọ 1994, na Mahadum George Mason ruo n'afọ 2000. N'afọ 1990, onye na-abụ abụ guzobere Science & Environmental Policy Project, n'afọ 2006 ụlọ ọrụ mgbasa ozi Canada kpọrọ ya aha dịka otu n'ime ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị ole na ole kwuru na ha na-emepụta nkwekọrịta na mgbanwe ihu igwe. <ref name="CBCsmoking" /> Onye na-abụ abụ kwuru, n'ụzọ megidere nkwekọrịta sayensị banyere mgbanwe ihu igwe, na ọ nweghị ihe aka ebe na okpomọkụ ụwa bụ n'ihi mmụba nke carbon dioxide ikuku sitere na mmadụ, nakwa na ụmụ mmadụ ga-erite uru ma ọ bụrụ na okpompe arịgo.<ref name="Gray2009">{{Cite news|author=Louise Gray|title=Fred Singer to speak at climate change sceptics conference|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/earth/copenhagen-climate-change-confe/6592414/Fred-Singer-to-speak-at-climate-change-sceptics-conference.html|accessdate=October 4, 2019|publisher=Telegraph Media Group|date=November 18, 2009}}</ref> Ọ bụ onye na-emegide Kyoto Protocol, ma kwuo na ụdị ihu igwe anaghị adabere na eziokwu ma ọ bụ ihe akaebe. A na-ebo onye na-abụ abụ ebubo ịjụ ihe aka ebe sayensị nke ndị ọgbọ nyochara ma kwado n'onwe ya na nkwupụta ya gbasara ahụike ọha na eze na nsogbu gburugburu ebe obibi. <ref name="scheuering2004"> <ref>name="CBCsmoking"/><ref>{{Cite book|author=Oreskes|first=Naomi|title=Merchants of Doubt: How a Handful of Scientists Obscured the Truth on Issues from Tobacco Smoke to Global Warming|url=https://archive.org/details/merchantsofdoubt00ores|location=New York|publisher=Bloomsbury Press|date=2010|isbn=9781596916104}}</ref><ref name="Singer, S. Fred 2003">{{Cite book|author=Singer|first=S. Fred|chapter=The Revelle-Gore Story: Attempted Political Suppression of Science|editor=Gough|chapterurl=http://media.hoover.org/documents/0817939326_283.pdf|title=Politicizing Science: The Alchemy of Policymaking|publisher=Hoover Press|date=2003|accessdate=May 10, 2007}}</ref> == Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ == Amụrụ onye na-abụ abụ na Vienna, Austria, n'ezinụlọ ndị Juu. Nna ya bụ onye na-ere ọla na nne ya bụ onye ọrụ ụlọ. Mgbe Anschluss gasịrị n'etiti Nazi Germany na Austria n'afọ 1938, ezinụlọ ahụ gbapụrụ Austria, onye na-abụ abụ wee soro ụmụaka ndị Juu ndị ọzọ banye n'ụgbọ okporo igwe ụmụaka. Ọ gara England, ebe ọ biri na Northumberland, na-arụ ọrụ nwa oge dịka onye na-ahụ maka anya n'afọ iri na ụma. Mgbe ọtụtụ afọ gachara, ọ kwagara Ohio wee ghọọ nwa amaala America n'afọ 1944. Ọ natara nzere Bachelor nke Injinia Eletrik (B.E.E.) na Mahadum steeti Ohio n'afọ 1943. Ọ kụziri physics na Princeton mgbe ọ na-arụ ọrụ na masters ya na doctorate ya, na-enweta Ph.D. ya n'ebe ahụ n'afọ 1948. A kpọrọ akwụkwọ edemede doctoral ya, "The density spectrum and latitude dependence of extensive cosmic ray air shoers". Onye nlekọta ya bụ John Archibald Wheeler, na kọmitii edemede ya gụnyere J. Robert Oppenheimer na Niels Bohr. <ref>{{Cite journal|author=Singer, S. Fred|year=1949|title=The density spectrum and latitude dependence of extensive cosmic ray air showers|journal=American Doctoral Dissertations}}</ref> == Ọrụ == === 1950: Ndị Agha Mmiri nke United States === Mgbe nna ya ukwu gasịrị, onye na-abụ abụ sonyeere ndị agha, na-arụ ọrụ maka ndị agha mmiri United States na agha ogbunigwe na mgbochi site n'afọ 1944 ruo n'afọ 1946. Mgbe ọ nọ na Naval Ordnance Laboratory, ọ mepụtara ihe arithmetic maka Kọmputa dijitalụ nke ọ kpọrọ "ụbụrụ eletrọniki". A tọhapụrụ ya n'afọ 1946 wee sonye na Upper Atmosphere Rocket Program na Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory na Silver Spring, Maryland, na-arụ ọrụ n'ebe ahụ ruo n'afọ 1950. O lekwasịrị anya na ozone, cosmic rays, na ionosphere, niile a tụrụ site na balloons na rocket ndị sitere na White Sands, New Mexico, ma ọ bụ site na ụgbọ mmiri na oké osimiri. [[Rachel White Scheuering]] dere na maka otu ọrụ iji gbaa rọket, ọ ji ụgbọ mmiri gaa [[Arktik|Arctic]], ma na-agbapụ rọket site na ụgbọ mmiri na equator. Site n'afọ 1950 ruo n'afọ 1953, ọ nọ na U.S. Embassy na London dị ka onye ọrụ mmekọrịta sayensị na Office of Naval Research, ebe ọ mụrụ mmemme nyocha na Europe na radiation cosmic na physics nuklia. Mgbe ọ nọ n'ebe ahụ, ọ bụ otu n'ime ndị nnọchiteanya asatọ nwere nzụlite na ọrụ Ngwá agha ndị a na-eduzi iji kwuo okwu na Nzukọ nke anọ nke International Congress of Astronautics na Zurich n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ n'afọ 1953, n'oge, dịka ''The New York Times'' kọrọ, ọtụtụ ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị hụrụ ụgbọ elu dịka akụkọ sayensị zoro ezo. [[Faịlụ:MOUSE_(Fred_Singer).jpg|thumb|188x188px|Satellite Singer's MOUSE, nke o mepụtara na mbido afọ 1950 ]] Onye na-abụ abụ bụ otu n'ime ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị mbụ gbara ume ka a tụọ satellites ụwa maka nyocha sayensị n'oge afọ 1950. N'afọ 1951 ma ọ bụ n'afọ 1952, ọ tụrụ aro MOUSE ("Minimal Orbital Unmanned Satellite, Earth"), satịlaịtị 100 pounds (45 kg) nke ga-enwe Geiger counters maka ịlele ụzarị mbara igwe, mkpụrụ ndụ foto maka inyocha ụwa, telemetry electronics maka iziga data azụ n'ụwa, ngwaọrụ nchekwa data magnetic, na mkpụrụ ndụ ike anyanwụ. Ọ bụ ezie na MOUSE enwetụbeghị ụgbọelu, ''Baltimore News-Post'' kọrọ n'afọ 1957 na arụmụka Singer banyere mkpa maka satellites ka a na-ege ntị, US gaara emeri Russia site na ịmalite Satellite mbụ nke ụwa. Ọ tụkwara aro (ya na R. C. Wentworth) na enwere ike iji nyocha satellite nke ultraviolet backscatter mee ihe dịka usoro iji tụọ profaịlụ ozone ikuku.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Singer|first=S. F|title=A method for the determination of the vertical ozone distribution from a satellite|journal=J. Geophys. Res.|date=June 1957|volume=62|issue=2|pages=299–308|doi=10.1029/JZ062i002p00299|issn=2156-2202}}</ref> E mechara jiri usoro a mee ihe na Satellite ihu igwe mbụ.<ref>{{Cite book|editor=Zerefos|title=Chemistry and Radiation Changes in the Ozone Layer|date=2000|doi=10.1007/978-94-011-4353-0|url=https://www.springer.com/us/book/9780792365136|series=Nato Science Series C: Mathematical and Physical Sciences|publisher=Springer Netherlands|location=[[Dordrecht]]|isbn=978-0-7923-6513-6|quote=Recent studies have demonstrated a link between ozone changes caused by human activities and changing UV levels at the Earth's surface, as well as a link to climate through changes in radiative forcing and links to changes in chemical composition.}}</ref> === 1953: Mahadum nke Maryland === Onye na-abụ abụ laghachiri na United States n'afọ 1953, ebe ọ malitere ọrụ dịka prọfesọ na physics na Mahadum Maryland, ma n'otu oge ahụ bụrụ onye nduzi nke Center for Atmospheric and Space Physics. Scheuering dere na ọrụ ya gụnyere ịme nnwale na rọket na satellites, remote sensing, radiation belts, [[magnetosphere]], na meteorites. Ọ mepụtara usoro ọhụrụ nke ịtụba rọket na mbara igwe: ịgba ha site na ụgbọ elu na-efe elu, ma na-enweghị onye na-anya ụgbọelu. Ndị agha mmiri nabatara echiche ahụ ma Singer lekọtara ọrụ ahụ. Ọ natara White House Special Commendation site n'aka Onye isi ala Eisenhower n'afọ 1954 maka ọrụ ya. Ọ ghọrọ otu n'ime ndị otu 12 nke American Astronautical Society, otu e guzobere n'afọ 1954 iji nọchite anya ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị na ndị injinia 300 na-eduga na mpaghara nke mgbọ ogbunigwe - ọ bụ otu n'etiti ndị otu asaa gbara arụkwaghịm n'ọnwa disemba 1956 mgbe usoro esemokwu banyere ntụziaka na njikwa nke otu ahụ. N'ọnwa nọvemba afọ 1957, onye na-abụ abụ na ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị ndị ọzọ nọ na mahadum ahụ nwere ihe ịga nke ọma n'ịmepụta ma gbaa bọmbụ "Oriole" ọhụrụ atọ na Virginia Capes. Rocket ndị ahụ dị ihe na-erughị pounds 25 (11 kg) ma nwee ike iwu ya maka ihe dịka $ 2000. A chụpụrụ ha site na LSM Navy a gbanwere agbanwe, ha nwere ike iru n'ịdị elu nke 50,000 feet (15,000 m) ma nwee usoro telemetry zuru oke iji zipụ ozi gbasara cosmic, ultraviolet na X-rays. Onye na-abụ abụ kwuru na ịgba égbè ahụ debere "nnyocha nke mbara igwe dị elu na rọket dị elu n'otu ihe ahụ, ọnụahịa na mgbalị, dị ka ọnụọgụ ikuku dị ala na balloons ihu igwe. Site ugbu a gaa n'ihu, anyị nwere ike ịgba ọtụtụ puku rọket ndị a n'ụwa niile na obere ego". N'ọnwa Febụwarị n'afọ 1958, mgbe ọ bụ onye isi nke otu cosmic ray nke ngalaba physics nke Mahadum Maryland, ọ natara otuto pụrụ iche site n'aka Onye isi ala Eisenhower maka "ihe ndị pụtara ìhè ọ rụzuru na mmepe nke satellites maka ebumnuche sayensị". N'ọnwupụta n'ọnwa Eprel n'afọ 1958. A họpụtara ya dịka onye ndụmọdụ na Kọmitii Nhọrọ Ụlọ na Astronautics na Space Exploration, nke na-akwadebe ịnwe ntị na aro Onye isi alaisenhower maka ụlọ ọrụ ọhụrụ iji jikwaa nyocha mbara igwe mee nchọpụta, otu ọnwa ka ọ nwetakwuo ihe nrite Distinguished Alumnus nke Mahadụ. Ọ ghọrọ prọfesọ zuru oke na Maryland n'afọ 1959, ma họrọ ya n'afọ ahụ site na United States Junior Chamber of Commerce dịka otu n'ime ụmụ okorobịa iri pụtara ìhè na mba ahụ. N'ọnwa Jenụwarị 1960 na American Physical Society, Singer depụtara ọhụụ ya banyere ihe gburugburu ụwa nwere ike ịgụnye, na-agbasa ruo 40,000 kilomita (64,000 km) n'ime mbara igwe. A maara ya maka amụma mbụ ya banyere njirimara nke ụmụ irighiri eletrik ndị tọrọ n'ụwa, nke nchọpụta ndị e mechara chọpụta na nnwale satellite. N'ọnwa Disemba afọ 1960, ọ tụrụ aro ịdị adị nke mkpokoro ájá a na-ahụ anya gburugburu ụwa ihe dịka 600 ruo 1,000 kilomita (1,600 km) na mbara igwe, karịa nke e nwere obere ihe, micrometer ma ọ bụ obere n'obosara, na-agbasa 2,000 ruo 4,000 kilomita (6,400 km). N'ọnwa Maachị 1961, onye na-abụ abụ na onye ọzọ na-ahụ maka physics na Mahadum Maryland, E. J. Opik, nyere onyinye $ 97,000 site na NASA iji mee nyocha afọ atọ nke gas na uzuzu interplanetary. === 1960: Echiche nke Phobos aka mere === N'akwụkwọ akụkọ Astronautics nke afọ 1960, onye na-abụ abụ kwuru na echiche Iosif Shklovsky na usoro ọnwa Phobos na-atụ aro na ọ bụ oghere, nke na-egosi na ọ bụ nke aka mere. onye na-abụ abụ dere, sị: "Nkwupụta m dị, ebe a ka m kwadoro Shklovsky, na ọ bụrụ na satellite na agbagharị n'ime dịka e si nweta ya site na nyocha nke mbara Egwu, mgbe ahụ enwere obere ihe ọzọ maka echiche ahụ na ọ bụ oghere ma ya mere e mere na Mars. Nnukwu 'ọ bụrụ' dị na nyocha nke astronomical; ha nwere ike ịbụ na ha na-ezighị ezi. Ebe ọ bụ na ha dabere na ọtụtụ usoro nke ndị na-ekiri dị iche iche na-ekiri ihe dị iche iche jiri ngwá ọrụ dị iche iche iche iche mee ihe, njehie nwere ike ịmetụta ha. " Foto site na nyocha malitere n'afọ 1972 na-egosi elu nkume sitere n'okike nwere oghere. Ndị na-ahụ maka Ufology na-aga n'ihu na-egosi onye na-abụ abụ dịka onye na-akwado echiche Phobos nke Shklovsky. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.sema4.com.au/an/211-AN.pdf|title=Andrew Kelleher, "Phobos: the odd moon of Mars", in Alienation News #211 Nov 2002.|accessdate=May 26, 2010|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20040902064151/http://www.sema4.com.au/an/211-AN.pdf|archivedate=September 2, 2004}}</ref> Mag Time dere n'afọ 1969 na onye na-abụ abụ nwere mmasị ndụ ya niile na Phobos na ọnwa nke abụọ nke Mars, Deimos. Ọ gwara o''''ge'''' na ọ nwere ike ikwe omume ịdọrọ Deimos n'ime usoro ụwa ka e wee nwee ike inyocha ya. N'oge nnọkọ mbara igwe mba ụwa n'ọnwa Mee 1966, nke ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị mbara igwe si United States na Soviet Union bịara, ọ bu ụzọ kwuo na ịdakwasị ndị mmadụ n'ọnwa Martian ga-abụ nzọụkwụ ezi uche dị na ya mgbe ndị mmadụ rutere n'ọnwụrụ ụwa. O kwuru na obere nha nke Phobos na Deimos - ihe dịka iri na anọ na asatọ (23 na 13 km) n'obosara na ikike ndọda nke sub milli-g - ga-eme ka ọ dịrị ụgbọ mbara igwe mfe ịdakwasị ma bido ọzọ. === 1962: National Weather Center na Mahadum Miami === N'afọ 1962, o''ge'' ọ nọ na ezumike na mahadum ahụ, a kpọrọ Singer dịka onye nduzi mbụ nke ọrụ satellite ihu igwe maka National Weather Satellite Center, nke bụzi akụkụ nke National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, ma duzie mmemme maka iji satellites ịkọ ihu igwe. Ọ nọrọ ebe ahụ ruo n'afọ 1964. Ọ gwara magazin Time n'afọ 1969 na ọ na-atọ ya ụtọ ịgagharị. "Njem ọ bụla nyere m echiche ọhụrụ", ka o kwuru. "Ọ bụrụ na m nọdụrụ ala, ma eleghị anya m ka na-atụle ụzarị mbara igwe, isiokwu nke thesis m na Princeton. Nke ahụ bụ ihe na-eme ọtụtụ ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị. " Mgbe ọ kwụsịrị dịka onye nduzi, ọ natara ihe nrite Gold Medal nke Ngalaba Azụmaahịa maka Ọrụ Federal. N'afọ 1964, ọ ghọrọ onye isi mbụ nke Ụlọ Akwụkwọ nke Environmental and Planetary Sciences na University of Miami n'afọ 1964, ụlọakwụkwọ mbụ nke ụdị ya na mba ahụ, raara onwe ya nye nyocha nke afọ.. N'ọnwa Disemba 1965, akwụkwọ akụkọ The New York Times kọrọ banyere otu ogbako Singer kwadoro na Miami Beach n'oge nke ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị ise, na-arụ ọrụ n'adabereghị onwe ha, gosipụtara nyocha nke na-egosi ihe ha kwenyere na ọ bụ ihe foduru nke ọkụ primordial nke mere mgbe a mụrụ eluigwe na ụwa.. === 1967–1994 === N'afọ 1967, ọ nakweere ọkwa osote odeakwụkwọ na Ngalaba Na-ahụ Maka Ihe Ndị Dị n'Ime Obodo nke United States, ebe ọ na-ahụ maka ịdị mma mmiri na nyocha. Mgbe e guzobere [[Ụlọ Ọrụ Na-ahụ Maka Nchebe Gburugburu Ebe Obibi nke United States|U.S. Environmental Protection Agency]] na 1970, ọ ghọrọ osote osote onye nchịkwa iwu ya. <ref>{{Cite web|title=S. Fred Singer (1924 - 2020)|url=https://heartland.org/about-us/who-we-are/s-fred-singer/|accessdate=2025-03-27|work=The Heartland Institute|language=en-US}}</ref> Singer accepted a professorship in Environmental Sciences at the University of Virginia in 1971, a position he held until 1994,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.heartland.org/about-us/who-we-are/s-fred-singer|title=S. FRED SINGER (1924 - 2020)|publisher=Heartland Institute|language=en-US|accessdate=October 31, 2019}}</ref> where he taught classes on environmental issues such as ozone depletion, acid rain, climate change, population growth, and public policy issues related to oil and energy. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2018)">citation needed</span>]]''&#x5D;</sup> In 1987 he took up a two-year post as chief scientist at the U.S. Department of Transportation, and in 1989 joined the [[Institute of Space Science and Technology]] in Gainesville, Florida where he contributed to a paper on the results from the Interplanetary Dust Experiment using data from the Long Duration Exposure Facility satellite. When he retired from Virginia in 1994, he became Distinguished Research Professor at the Institute for Humane Studies at George Mason University until 2000. Naomi Oreskes na Erik Conway na-ekwu na Singer tinyere aka na mbọ gọọmentị Reagan na-agba iji gbochie usoro nchịkwa iji belata mmiri ozuzo acid. == Arụmụka ọha na eze == === Ide ihe === N'oge niile ọ na-arụ ọrụ agụmakwụkwọ, Singer na-ede ugboro ugboro na akwụkwọ akụkọ, gụnyere ''The New York Times'', The Washington Post, na Wall Street Journal, na-ekwukarị n'ọnọdụ ndị na-ese okwu n'echiche. Ọnọdụ ya n'ozuzu ya bụ otu n'ime enweghị ntụkwasị obi na iwu gọọmentị etiti na nkwenye siri ike na ịdị irè nke ahịa nweere onwe ya. O kwenyere na ihe Rachel White Scheuering na-akpọ "nwere onwe ahịa gburugburu ebe obibi": na ụkpụrụ ahịa na ihe mkpali kwesịrị ezu iji duga na nchedo gburugburu ebe obibi na nchekwa nke ihe onwunwe. Isiokwu ndị a na-ahụkarị n'isiokwu ya bụ ike, mmachibido iwu mmanụ, OPEC, Iran, na ọnụahịa na-arị elu. N'ime afọ ndị 1970 niile, dịka ọmụmaatụ, o belatara echiche nke Nsogbu ike ma kwuo na ọ bụ ihe omume mgbasa ozi.<ref name="scheuering2004> <ref \> N'ọtụtụ akwụkwọ na 1990s na 2000s, ọ kpughere ọnọdụ ndị ọzọ megide isi, na-ajụ njikọ dị n'etiti UV-B na ọnụọgụ melanoma, na nke dị n'agbata CFCs na ọnwụ ozone stratospheric. YArụmụka ọha na eze nke Singer nwetara ọtụtụ nkatọ bụ maka anwụrụ ọkụ na okpomọkụ ụwa. Ọ jụrụ njikọ dị n'etiti anwụrụ ọkụ na ọrịa kansa akpa ume, ọ bụkwa onye na-emegide echiche sayensị gbasara Mgbanwe ihu igwe; ọ rụrụ ụka na enweghị ihe akaebe na mmụba nke carbon dioxide nke ụmụ mmadụ na-emepụta na-akpata okpomọkụ ụwa na okpomọkụ nke ụwa agbanweela mgbe niile.<ref name="Gray2009"/> Ihe ngosi CBC Fifth Estate na 2006 jikọtara arụmụka abụọ a, na-akpọ Singer dị ka onye ọkà mmụta sayensị nke rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye ndụmọdụ maka ụlọ ọrụ na mpaghara abụọ ahụ, ma ọ bụ kpọmkwem ma ọ bụ site na ụlọ ọrụ mmekọrịta ọha na eze.<ref name="CBCsmoking"/> Naomi Oreskes na Erik Conway kpọrọ Singer n'akwụkwọ ha, Merchants of Doubt, dị ka otu n'ime ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị atọ na-emegide onwe ha - tinyere Fred Seitz na Bill Nierenberg - bụ ndị na-etinye onwe ha n'ime arụmụka ọha na eze banyere okwu sayensị na-ese okwu, na-etinye ha n'ọnọdụ dị ka ndị na-enwe obi abụọ, echiche ha na-enweta ike n'ihi na mgbasa ozi na-enye ha oge hà nhata n'ihi echiche nke ikpe ziri ezi.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Brown|first=Seth|date=2010-06-01|title='Merchants of Doubt' delves into contrarian scientists|url=https://www.usatoday.com/money/books/reviews/2010-06-01-deathmerchants01_ST_N.htm|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100601083553/https://www.usatoday.com/money/books/reviews/2010-06-01-deathmerchants01_ST_N.htm|archivedate=2010-06-01|accessdate=2023-08-04|work=[[USA Today]]}}</ref> Dịka [[David Biello]] na John si kwuo na Scientific American, a maara onye na-abụ abụ nke ọma maka ịgọnahụ ihe ize ndụ ahụike nke ịṅụ sịga. O sonyere n'afọ 1994 dịka onye edemede na onye nyocha nke akụkọ banyere okwu ahụ site na Alexis de Tocqueville Institution, ebe ọ bụ onye isi. Akụkọ ahụ katọrọ Ngalaba Na-ahụ Maka Nchebe Gburugburu Ebe Obibi (EPA) maka nyocha ha n'afọ 1993 banyere ihe ize ndụ cancer nke ịṅụ sịga, na-akpọ ya "sayensị mkpofu". Onye na-abụ abụ gwara CBC's Ụlọ nke ise n'afọ 2006 na ọ kwụsiri ike n'ọnọdụ na EPA "esiri data" iji gosi na anwụrụ ọkụ nke abụọ na-akpata ọrịa kansa akpa ume. CBC kwuru na ego ụtaba akwụla ụgwọ maka nyocha onye na-abụ abụ na nkwalite ya, nakwa na ọ bụ APCO haziri ya. Onye na-abụ abụ gwara CBC na ọ dịghị ihe dị iche ebe ego ahụ si. "Ha anaghị ebu akwụkwọ ozi na akwụkwọ ego dollar na-asị 'Nke a sitere na ụlọ ọrụ ụtaba,'" ka o kwuru. "N'ọnọdụ ọ bụla amaghị m banyere ya, ajụghịkwa m APCO ebe ha na-enweta ego ha. Nke ahụ abụghị azụmahịa m. "<ref name="CBCsmoking">{{Cite web|url=http://www.cbc.ca/fifth/denialmachine/video.html|title=The Denial Machine|publisher=[[Canadian Broadcasting Corporation]]|date=November 15, 2006|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071026050126/http://www.cbc.ca/fifth/denialmachine/video.html|archivedate=October 26, 2007}}</ref> N'akwụkwọ ozi n'afọ 2003 degara ''Financial Times'', Onye na-abụ abụ dere na "enweghị ihe akaebe doro anya na ihu igwe ụwa na-ekpo ọkụ n'ezie."<ref>{{Cite news|title=Climate concern is just a tax ruse|author=Singer|first=S.|work=[[Financial Times]]|date=November 26, 2003}}</ref> N'afọ 2006, CBC's Fifth Estate kpọrọ onye na-abụ abụ dị ka otu n'ime obere ìgwè ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị mepụtara ihe akwụkwọ akụkọ ahụ kpọrọ nkwụsị nke na-emebi nzaghachi ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na okpomọkụ ụwa. .<ref name="CBCsmoking"/> N'afọ sochirinụ ọ pụtara na akwụkwọ akụkọ British Channel 4 ''The Great Global Warming Swindle''. Onye na-abụ abụ na-arụ ụka na ọ nweghị ihe akaebe na-egosi na mmụba nke carbon dioxide nke ụmụ mmadụ na-emepụta na-akpata okpomoku zuru ụwa ọnụ, na ọ bụrụ na okpomọkụ ebili na ọ ga-adị mma maka mmadụ. Ọ gwara CBC: "Ọ na-ekpo ọkụ otu puku afọ gara aga karịa ka ọ dị taa. Vikings biri Greenland. Nke ahụ ọ dị mma ma ọ bụ ihe ọjọọ? Echere m na ọ dị mma. Ha na-eto mmanya na England, n'ebe ugwu England. echere m na nke ahụ dị mma. Ma ọ dịkarịa ala ụfọdụ ndị na-eche otú ahụ." "Anyị na-etinyekwu carbon dioxide na ikuku, "ka ọ gwara Daily Telegraph na 2009. Otú ọ dị, ikuku dị nnọọ mgbagwoju anya na mmadụ enweghị ike ịrụ ụka na nnị n'ihi na CO2 bụ gas na-ekpo ọkụ na-akpat okpomọkụ."<ref name="Gray2009"/> O kwenyere na ndị na-ahụ maka gburugburu ebe obibi na-emebiga ihe ókè na-ekwubiga okwu ókè. "Mgbalị dị n'okpuru ebe a yiri ka ọ bụ iji okpomọkụ zuru ụwa ọnụ dị ka ihe ngọpụ iji belata iji ike eme ihe," ka o kwuru. "Ọ dị nnọọ mfe: ọ bụrụ na ị belata iji ike eme ihe, mgbe ahụ, ị na-ebelata ọganihu akụ na ụba. Ma kwere ya ma ọ bụ na ọ bụghị, e nwere ndị mmadụ n'ụwa kwenyere na anyị agafewo oke na ụba akụ na ụba." Echiche ndị na-agụ egwú na-emegide nkwekọrịta sayensị banyere mgbanwe ihu igwe, <ref name="The MIT Press">{{Cite book|title=Climate Change: What It Means for Us, Our Children, and Our Grandchildren|editor=DiMento|year=2007|publisher=The MIT Press|isbn=978-0-262-54193-0|pages=[https://archive.org/details/climatechangewha00dime/page/n82 65]–66|chapter=The Scientific Consensus on Climate Change: How Do We Know We’re Not Wrong?|author=Oreskes|first=Naomi|url=https://archive.org/details/climatechangewha00dime}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|quote=The evidence for human influence on the climate system has grown since the Fourth Assessment Report (AR4). It is extremely likely that more than half of the observed increase in global average surface temperature from 1951 to 2010 was caused by the anthropogenic increase in greenhouse gas concentrations and other anthropogenic forcings together|publisher=IPCC|url=http://www.ipcc.ch/pdf/assessment-report/ar5/syr/SYR_AR5_SPMcorr2.pdf|title=CLIMATE CHANGE 2014: Synthesis Report. Summary for Policymakers|accessdate=March 7, 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150227220848/http://www.ipcc.ch/pdf/assessment-report/ar5/syr/SYR_AR5_SPMcorr2.pdf|archivedate=February 27, 2015}}</ref> ebe enwere nkwekọrịta siri ike maka okpomọkụ ụwa nke mmadụ kpatara, yana njikọ dị n'etiti oke carbon dioxide na okpomọkụ nke ụwa, yana nkwekọrịta na mgbanwe dị otú ahụ na ihu igwe ga-enwe ihe dị ize ndụ. <ref name="Stern"> {{Cite book|title=The Economics of Climate Change — The Stern Review|first=Nicholas Herbert|author=Stern|authorlink=Nicholas Stern|year=2007|publisher=Cambridge University Press|location=Cambridge, UK|isbn=978-0-521-70080-1|url=http://www.cambridge.org/us/academic/subjects/earth-and-environmental-science/climatology-and-climate-change/economics-climate-change-stern-review|accessdate=February 19, 2014}}</ref><ref> {{Cite news|title=How Dangerous Is Global Warming?|work=[[Los Angeles Times]]|accessdate=April 14, 2007|date=June 17, 2001|url=https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/latimes/access/74167018.html?dids=74167018:74167018&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=Jun+17%2C+2001&author=&pub=Los+Angeles+Times&edition=&startpage=M.3&desc=DIALOGUE}}</ref> N'afọ 2005, magazin nne Jones kọwara Singer dị ka "nna nna nke ịGọnahụ okpomọkụ ụwa". Otú ọ dị, onye na-abụ abụ kọwara onwe ya dị ka "onye na-enwe obi abụọ" kama ịbụ "onye na'agọnahụ" mgbanwe ihu igwe ụwa.<ref name="mj200505">{{Cite news|url=https://www.motherjones.com/politics/2005/05/put-tiger-your-think-tank|title=Put a Tiger In Your Think Tank|date=May 2005|work=[[Mother Jones (magazine)|Mother Jones]]|accessdate=October 20, 2015}}</ref> N'afọ 1990, onye na-abụ abụ guzobere Science & Environmental Policy Project (SEPP) iji rụrịta ụka megide usoro mgbochi megide okpomọkụ ụwa. Mgbe 1991 United Nations Conference on Environment and Development, Earth Summit, onye na-abụ abụ malitere ide ma kwuo okwu iji mee ka obi abụọ na sayensị. O buru amụma na ọdachi akụ na ụba sitere na mgbochi ọ bụla na ojiji mmanụ ala, ma kwuo na ụwa okike na usoro ihu igwe ya dị mgbagwoju anya ma bụrụ nke a na-aghọtaghị nke ọma, nakwa na a maghị ihe gbasara mgbanwe okpomọkụ site n'oké osimiri gaa na ikuku, ma ọ bụ ọrụ igwe ojii. Ka nkwekọrịta sayensị na-eto, ọ gara n'ihu na-arụ ụka site na ọnọdụ na-eleghara anya. Ọ katọrọ ụdị ihu igwe nke na-ebu amụma okpomọkụ ụwa ugboro ugboro. N'afọ 1994, o jiri nsonaazụ ihe nlereanya tụnyere okpomọkụ a hụrụ ma chọpụta na okpomọkụ e buru n'amụma maka afọ 1950 rụọ afọ 1980 si na okpompe nke mere n'ezie, nke o kwubiri na kọlụm ya na The Washington Times - na isiokwu nke ụbọchị ahụ "Mkpesa ihu igwe na-ada n'okpuru ọkụ Sayensị na-egbuke egbuke" - na ụdị ihu igwe adịghị mma. N'afọ 2007, ọ rụkọtara ọrụ na nyocha nke chọpụtara na ọnọdụ okpomọkụ tropospheric nke ụdị "Ihu igwe nke narị afọ nke 20"" dị iche na nyocha satellite site na okpukpu abụọ nke ihe nlereanya ahụ bụ ejighị n'aka. Rachel White Scheuering dere na, mgbe SEPP malitere, ọ nwere njikọ na Washington Institute for Values in Public Policy, ụlọ ọrụ na-eche echiche nke onye isi Unification Church Sun Myung Moon guzobere. Akụkọ n'afọ 1990 maka Cato Institute gosipụtara onye na-abụ abụ dịka onye nduzi nke ọrụ sayensị na iwu gburugburu ebe obibi na Washington Institute for Values in Public Policy, na ezumike site na Mahadum Virginia.<ref>Singer, S. Fred. {{Cite web|url=http://www.cato.org/pubs/regulation/reg13n1-singer.html|title=Environmental Strategies with Uncertain Science|accessdate=January 15, 2003|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080110224712/http://www.cato.org/pubs/regulation/reg13n1-singer.html|archivedate=January 10, 2008}}</ref> Scheuering dere na Singer akwụsịla mmekọrịta ya na ụlọ ọrụ ahụ, ụlọ ọrụ na ụlọ ọrụ mmanụ kwadoro ya.<ref name="scheuering2004"><ref> O dere na ọ bụ onye ndụmọdụ a na-akwụ ụgwọ maka ARCO, ExxonMobil, Shell, Sun Oil Company, na Unocal, nakwa na SEPP natara enyemaka site na ExxonMobil. Singer kwuru na mmekọrịta ego ya emetụtaghị nyocha ya. Scheuering na-ekwu na nkwubi okwu ya kwekọrọ na ọdịmma akụ na ụba nke ụlọ ọrụ ndị na-akwụ ya ụgwọ, na ụlọ ọrụ ndị ahụ chọrọ ịhụ mbelata na nchịkwa gburugburu ebe obibi.<ref name="scheuering2004"> N'ọnwa Ọgọstụ afọ 2007, ''Newsweek'' kọrọ na n'ọnwa Eprel afọ 1998, mmadụ iri na abụọ sitere n'ihe ọ kpọrọ "ngwunye ịgọnahụ" zutere n'isi ụlọ ọrụ American Petroleum Institute na Washington. Nzukọ ahụ gụnyere otu onye na-abụ abụ, George C. Marshall Institute, na ExxonMobil. ''Newsweek'' kwuru na, dị ka akwụkwọ ozi dị peeji asatọ nke e wepụtara, nzukọ ahụ tụrụ aro mkpọsa nde $ 5 iji mee ka ọha na eze kwenye na sayensị nke okpomọkụ ụwa bụ arụmụka na ejighị n'aka. A kọọrọ ndị nta akụkọ atụmatụ ahụ ma ọ dịghị mgbe a rụzuru ya. N'izu mgbe akụkọ ahụ gasịrị, Newsweek bipụtara echiche dị iche site n'aka Robert Samuelson, otu n'ime ndị na-ede akwụkwọ akụkọ ya, onye kwuru na akụkọ nke igwe na agọnahụ ego bụ nke e chepụtara echepụta ma na-eduhie eduhie. ABC News kọrọ na Machị 2008 na onye na-abụ abụ kwuru na ọ bụghị na ụgwọ ọrụ nke ụlọ ọrụ ike, mana ọ kwetara na SEPP natara otu onyinye ebere a na-arịọghị arịrịọ nke $ 10,000 site na ExxonMobil, nakwa na ọ bụ otu pasent nke onyinye niile natara. Onye na-abụ abụ kwuru na njikọ ya na Exxon dịka ịnọ na ndepụta ozi ha karịa ịnwe ọnọdụ a kwụrụ ụgwọ. Mmekọrịta ahụ emebiwo nyocha Singer n'etiti ndị otu sayensị, dị ka Scheuering si kwuo. Onye omebe iwu Lynn Rivers jụrụ ntụkwasị obi onye na-abụ abụ n'oge a na-ege ya ntị n'afọ 1995, na-ekwu na o nweghị ike ibipụta ihe ọ bụla na akwụkwọ sayensị a na-enyocha ndị ọgbọ ya maka afọ 15 gara aga, ma e wezụga otu nkọwa teknụzụ. <ref>{{Cite journal|author=Michaels|first=P. J.|title=Analyzing Ultraviolet-B Radiation: Is There a Trend?|journal=Science|date=May 27, 1994|volume=264|issue=5163|pages=1341–1342|doi=10.1126/science.264.5163.1341|pmid=17780851}}</ref> ==== Nkatọ nke IPCC ====   N'afọ 1995, Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) wepụtara [[Akụkọ nnyocha nke Abụọ nke IPCCnyocha|akụkọ]] na-egosipụta nkwekọrịta ''Sayensị'' na nguzozi nke ihe akaebe na-egosi na enwere mmetụta mmadụ a na-ahụ anya na ihu igwe ụwa. Onye na-abụ abụ ji akwụkwọ ozi zaghachi na sayensị na-ekwu na akụkọ IPCC gosipụtara ihe ahọpụtara. O dere, sị: "Nchịkọta ahụ ekwughị na afọ iri na asatọ nke data satellite ihu igwe nke na-egosi obere ọnọdụ oyi zuru ụwa ọnụ, na-emegide ụdị niile nke okpomọkụ ihu igwe. " Scheuering dere na onye na-abụ abụ kwetara na thermometers nke elu site na ụlọ ọrụ ihu igwe na-egosi okpomọkụ, mana ọ na-ekwu na satellites na-enye data ka mma n'ihi na nha ha na-ekpuchi ogidi na ogidi. Dịka Edward Parson na Andrew Dessler si kwuo, data satịlaịtị egosighi okpomọkụ elu ozugbo, mana a ghaghị idozi ya site na iji ụdị. Mgbe emere mgbanwe maka ihe omume ndị na-agafe agafe, data ahụ gosipụtara obere okpomọkụ, na nyocha tụrụ aro na ọdịiche dị n'etiti data elu na nke satellite bụ nsogbu dị ka odịiche dị na satellite. Onye na-abụ abụ dere "Leipzig Declaration on Global Climate Change in the U.S." n'afọ 1995, na emelite ya n'afọ 1997 iji gbaghaa Kyoto Protocol. [[Nkwekọrịta Kyoto]] bụ nsonaazụ nke mgbakọ mba ụwa nke e mere na Kyoto, Japan, n'oge ọtụtụ mba mepere emepe kwetara belata gas ha na-eme ka okpomọkụ. Nkwupụta onye na-abụ abụ na-agụ, sị: "Ike dị mkpa maka uto akụ na ụba ... Anyị ghọtara ihe na-akpali iwepụ ihe a na-eche na ọ bụ ihe na-eme ka mgbanwe ihu igwe nwee ike; mana anyị kwenyere na Kyoto Protocol - iji belata ikuku carbon dioxide site na naanị akụkụ nke obodo ụwa dị ize ndụ, ọ naghị arụ ọrụ, ma na-ebibi akụ na ụba na ọrụ na ụkpụrụ ndụ. " Scheuering dere na onye na-abụ abụ gbasara nke a na United States na Europe ma kpọkọta 100 ndị bịanyere aka, ọ bụ ezie na ọ na-ekwu na a na-enyo ụfọdụ n'ime asambodo ndị bịa nyekwara aka enyo. Ọ dịkarịa ala 20 bụ ndị nta akụkọ ihu igwe televishọn, ụfọdụ enweghị nzere sayensị, na ụbọchị iri na anọ edepụtara dịka ndị prọfesọ n'ekwughị otu mpaghara. Dịka Scheuering si kwuo, ụfọdụ n'ime ha mechara kwuo na ha kwenyere na ha na-abịanye aka n'akwụkwọ iji kwado ime ihe megide mgbanwe ihu igwe. Onye na-abụ abụ guzobere Nongovernmental International Panel on Climate Change (NIPCC) n'afọ 2004 mgbe 2003 United Nations Climate Change Conference na Milan. NIPCC haziri ogbako ihu igwe mba ụwa na Vienna n'ọnwa eprel afọ 2007, <ref name="nature1">Singer, S. Fred (ed.). [http://www.odlt.org/dcd/docs/singer_Nature_Not%20Human%20Activity,%20Rules%20the%20Climate.pdf "Nature, Not Human Activity, Rules the Climate"]{{Dead link|date=June 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, Nongovernmental International Panel on Climate Change, March 2, 2008, accessed May 17, 2010.</ref> iji nye ihe ha kpọrọ nyocha onwe onye nke ihe akaebe maka mgbanwe ihu igwe. Singer kwadebere akụkọ NIPCC akpọrọ "Nature, Not Human Activity, Rules the Climate," nke Ụlọ Ọrụ Heartland Institute bipụtara n'ọnwa maachị 2008. ABC Ozi kwuru n'otu ọnwa ahụ na ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị ihu igwe a na-akpọghị aha sitere na NASA, Stanford, na Princeton bụ ndị gwara ABC okwu banyere akụkọ ahụ jụrụ ya dị ka "ihe nzuzu efu". N'akwụkwọ ozi mkpesa o degaara ABC Ozi, Singer kwuru na akwụkwọ ha jiri "okwu ajọ mbunobi, eziokwu gbagọrọ agbagọ, nkwutọ, na nkwutọ na-amaghị aha". N'ọnwa Septemba 18, 2013, e bipụtara akụkọ nke anọ nke NIPCC, nke akpọrọ Climate Change Reconsidered II: Physical Science.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://heartland.org/media-library/pdfs/CCR-II/Summary-for-Policymakers.pdf|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131020171042/http://heartland.org/media-library/pdfs/CCR-II/Summary-for-Policymakers.pdf|archivedate=2013-10-20|title=Summary for Policymakers|publisher=[[The Heartland Institute]]|date=September 2013|accessdate=March 14, 2014}}</ref> Dịka akụkọ NIPCC gara aga, ndị na-ahụ maka gburugburu ebe obibi katọrọ ya mgbe e bipụtara ya; dịka ọmụmaatụ, David Suzuki dere na ọ "jupụtara na nkwupụta a na ekwughị, gụnyere na ikuku carbon dioxide dị mma n'ihi na ha na-akpali ndụ".<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.ca/david-suzuki/climate-change-deniers_b_3984750.html|title=Climate Change Deniers Don't Deserve an Equal Voice|work=[[Huffington Post]]|date=September 25, 2013|accessdate=March 14, 2014|author=Suzuki, David}}</ref> Mgbe akụkọ ahụ nwetara akụkọ dị mma site n'aka Doug McKelway nke Fox News Channel, ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị ihu igwe Kevin Trenberth na Michael Oppenheimer katọrọ akụkọ a, Trenberth kpọrọ ya "ọrụ mgbasa ozi na-enweghị isi" na Oppenheims na-akpọ ya "ihe na-ezighi ezi". <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.foxnews.com/politics/new-study-says-threat-of-man-made-global-warming-greatly-exaggerated|title=New study says threat of man-made global warming greatly exaggerated|work=[[Fox News Channel]]|date=September 19, 2013|accessdate=March 16, 2014|author=McKelway, Doug}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://mediamatters.org/blog/2013/09/18/fox-equates-faux-un-climate-report-with-the-rea/195947|title=Fox Equates Faux UN Climate Report With The Real Thing|work=[[Media Matters for America]]|date=September 18, 2013|accessdate=March 16, 2014|author=McKelway, Doug}}</ref> ==== Ọnọdụ ihu igwe ==== N'ọnwa Disemba afọ 2009, mgbe esemokwu email nke Climatic Research Unit gasịrị, onye na-abụ abụ dere otu echiche maka Reuters nke o kwuru na ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị ejirila Nnyocha ndị ọgbọ mee ihe n'ụzọ na-ezighị ezi, rụgidere ndị editọ ka ha gbochie mbipụta nke echiche ndị ọzọ, ma mebie ndị mmegide. O kwukwara na ozi ịntanetị ndị a na-agbapụta gosipụtara na "ihe ọmụma okpomọkụ nke [[Ngalaba Gọọmentị Na-ahụ Maka Mgbanwe Ihu igwe|IPCC]] dabere na ya dabere na data na algọridim gbagọrọ agbagọ nke ha na ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị agaghị ekerịta. " O kwuru na ihe omume ahụ kpughere usoro na-adịghị mma, nakwa na ọnọdụ okpomọkụ na-aga n'okpuru ọbụna ka gas ndị na-ekpo ọkụ dị ka CO<nowiki><sub id="mwAvA">2</sub></nowiki> na-abawanye na ikuku. O dere, sị: "Njikọ a na-adịghị mma na-emegide nsonaazụ nke ụdị nke IPCC dabere na ya ma na-egosi na okpomọkụ ụwa nke mmadụ (AGW) dị obere," na-ekwubi "ma ugbu a ọ na-apụta na okpomanya ụwa nwere ike ịbụ 'mmadụ mere' n'ezie. " Kọmitii British House of Commons Science and Technology Select mechara wepụta akụkọ nke wepụrụ ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị, <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://archive.nytimes.com/www.nytimes.com/2010/07/08/science/earth/08climate.html|author=Gillis|first=Justin|title=British Panel Clears Climate Scientists|date=July 8, 2010|work=The New York Times|accessdate=August 23, 2025}}</ref> na kọmitii asatọ nyochara ebubo ahụ, na-enweghị ihe aka ebe nke aghụghọ ma ọ bụ omume ọjọọ sayensị. == Ọnwụ == N'ọnwa Eprel 6, 2020, onye na-abụ abụ nwụrụ n'ụlọ ndị agadi na Rockville, Maryland. <ref name=":0"/> == Akwụkwọ ndị a họọrọ == {{Reflist}}{{Authority control}} == Hụkwa == * Sayensị dịpụrụ adịpụ * Ịṅụ sịga nke abụọ * ''Ike nke Nnukwu Mmanụ'' == Ihe edeturu == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20170721005121/https://www.bloomsbury.com/uk/merchants-of-doubt-9781596916104/ Oreskes, Naomi na Erik Conway. 2010. Ndị na-ere ahịa nke obi abụọ: Otu ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị si kpuchie eziokwu na nsogbu site na anwụrụ sịga ruo okpomọkụ ụwa. Bloomsbury] E debere ya na July 21, 2017, na Wayback Machine == Njikọ mpụga == *   [[Otú:Articles with hCards]] [[Otú:Pages with unreviewed translations]] hy1tibdtb1oth0o2yo4ms4iydyj5n0e 0 77951 696419 688060 2026-08-02T14:34:21Z Nachi kim 20090 Fixed reference error 696419 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Module:Message box/ambox.css"></templatestyles><templatestyles src="Multiple issues/styles.css"></templatestyles> <templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles>  '''Ezinụlọ Juchault''' bụ ezinụlọ a ma ama na France, nke sitere na Brittany, nke e mere ka ọ bụrụ onye a ma ama n'afọ 1583. == Akụkọ ihe mere eme == Ezinụlọ Juchault, bụ́ ndị si Brittany, nwetara ọkwa onye ndụmọdụ na Chamber of Accounts of Nantes na 1583 ma nọgide na-enwe ndị isi na 1669. Ezinụlọ ahụ malitere usoro ọmụmụ ha site na René Juchault, onye dere akwụkwọ akụkọ Eze, nke a chọtara n'afọ 1598. Ezinụlọ ahụ guzobere ọtụtụ alaka, nke naanị alaka Jamonières fọdụrụ. == Omume == * Michel Juchault de Blottereau (1544-1634), onye ndụmọdụ na Chamber of Accounts nke Brittany, alderman, na osote onye isi obodo nke Nantes. * [[Christophe Juchault]] (1591-1661), onye isi oche nke Chamber of Accounts nke Brittany na 1635, onye isi obodo Nantes site na 1642 ruo 1644. * Louis-Marie Juchault des Jamonières (1713-1772), osote onye isi na Estates of Brittany na 1764. * Louis-Marie Juchault, seigneur des Jamonières, (1769-1842), baron nke Alaeze Ukwu na 2 Jenụwarị 1814, baron nketa na 28 Jenụwarụ 1826, onye isi oche nke kọleji ntuli aka nke Nantes, onye isi obodo nke Saint-Philbert-de-Grand-Lieu, lụrụ na 1796 nwa nwanne ya, Marie Anne Juchault de La Moricière. * Christophe Louis Léon Juchault de Lamoricière, amụrụ na 5 Febụwarị 1806 na Nantes ma nwụọ na 11 September 1865 na Prouzel (Somme), ọchịagha, onye nnọchi anya mba ọzọ, na onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, gọvanọ-ọchịchị nke Algeria, Minista nke Agha, na onye nnọchianya nke France na Russia. * Charles des Jamonières (amụrụ na 18 April 1902 na Le Cellier ma nwụọ na 16 Ọgọst 1970 na Saint-Herblain), onye a ma ama na asọmpi ịgba égbè egwuregwu, onye nwetara ọla nchara na 1936 Summer Olympics. <gallery> Faịlụ:Général_Lamoricière_-_Vernet.jpg|The general Christophe Louis Léon Juchault de Lamoricière (1806-1865). </gallery> == Ngwá Agha na Utu aha == Azure, a fess Ma ọ bụ ya na 3 escallops Argent. * Baron nke Alaeze Ukwu na 1814. * Baron nketa na 1826.<ref name="Saint-Simon">E de Séréville, F de Saint-Simon, Dictionary of the French Nobility, 1975, page 557.</ref> == Njikọ == Bidé de La Provôté, Fournier, [[Famille Rousseau de Saint-Aignan|Rousseau de Saint-Aignan]], [[Famille Robin|Robin]], de La Tullaye, Bouhier de La Vérie, du Bot, Jochaud du Plessix, du Chaffault, [[Famille de La Bourdonnaye|nke La Bourdonnaye]], de [[Famille de Sesmaisons|Sesmaisons]], Rousselot de Saint-Céran, Robineau de Bougon, de La Borde, [[Famille de Bascher|Bascher de Souché]], Siffait, de Maistre, Le Tourneulx, [[Maison de Dampierre|de Dampierre]] (Dampierre), de La Croix de Castries, [[Famille Cesbron|Cesbron-Lavau]]-Lavau, wdg. == Ihe onwunwe == * Château du Grand-Blottereau * [[Château des Jamonières]] * Obí Eze nke Clermont * [[Manoir de la Vignette|Obodo nke Vignette]] * [[Château de la Moricière]] * [[Manoir du Monceau|Manor du Monceau]] * Château du Chillon * [[Château de Prouzel|Obí Eze nke Prouzel]] * [[Château de Talhouët|Obí Ukwu nke Talhouët]] == Akwụkwọ == * [[Théodore Courtaux]], Histoire généalogique de la famille Juchault de Lamoricière et des Jamonières de ses alliances et des seigneuries qu'elle a possédée, Paris, 1896, 128 p.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Histoire généalogique de la Famille Juchault de La Moricière et des Jamonières|url=https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k5531420g.texteImage|work=Gallica|date=1896}}</ref> == Ihe odide == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} qwi4btxsjp39fst6mlfm2nhu63q4sza 0 77958 696418 689582 2026-08-02T14:27:04Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 696418 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|Onye ọrụ nka Bekee (1966–2006)}} {{Use dmy dates|date=April 2026}} {{Infobox person | name = Jago Nicholas Aldo Eliot | other_names = | image = | caption = | birth_name = | birth_date = {{birth date|1966|03|24|df=y}} | birth_place = [[Plymouth]], Devon, England | death_date = {{death date and age|2006|04|15|1966|03|24|df=y}} | death_place = Molenick, [[Cornwall]], England | death_cause = | known_for = | occupation = | title = [[Lord Eliot]] | term = | predecessor = | successor = | political_party = | boards = | spouse = Bianca Ciambriello | partner = | children = Albert Eliot<br />Ruby Eliot<br />Violet Eliot | relatives = ''Brothers:''<br />[[Louis Eliot]]<br />[[Francis Michael Eliot]] | website = | footnotes = | employer = | height = }} '''Jago Nicholas Aldo Eliot, Lord Eliot''' (Machị 24, 1966<ref>GRO Register of Births: JUN 1964 7A 849 PLYMOUTH – Jago Nicholas Eliot, mmn = Lampson</ref> – Eprel 15, 2006) bụ nwa nwoke nke [[Peregrine Eliot, Earl nke iri nke St Germans]], na [[Lady Jacquetta Eliot, Countess nke St Germans|Jacquetta Eliot, Countess nke St Germans (née Lampson)]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/1516353/Lord-Eliot.html|title=Lord Eliot|last=|first=|date=22 April 2006|website=|access-date=}}</ref> ==Akụkọ Ndụ== Na 1988, mgbe nna nna ya nwụrụ, a kpọrọ ya [[Baron Eliot|Onyenwe Eliot]]. Ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ na [[Ụlọ Akwụkwọ Millfield]].<ref name=GOB /> Eliot bụ onye mbụ ya na [[Eddie Izzard]] rụkọrọ ọrụ na Covent Garden dịka onye na-eme njem, o wee kwaga Brighton na ngwụcha afọ 1980 ebe ọ kwalitere ọtụtụ abalị na klọb ZAP, gụnyere Fundamental<ref>[http://archive.theargus.co.uk/2006/4/19/209941.html Tributes to the lord of all ravers<!-- Bot generated title -->] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090226235624/http://archive.theargus.co.uk/2006/4/19/209941.html |date=26 February 2009 }}</ref> na Pow Wow. Ọ laghachiri na Cornwall n'etiti afọ 1990 wee hiwe [[Ememme Port Eliot|Mmemme Akwụkwọ Port Eliot]], mmemme kwa afọ nke a na-eme n'ogige ụlọ ahụ.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.londonart.co.uk/editorial/article.aspx?c=2&articleid=1774 |title=Londonart.co.uk Magazine |publisher=www.londonart.co.uk |accessdate=15 December 2011 |archivedate=6 February 2012 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120206190216/http://www.londonart.co.uk/editorial/article.aspx?c=2&articleid=1774 }}</ref> Eliot rụrụ ọrụ na ọrụ dijitalụ na ihe okike, ma ọ bụ na Arts Council ma ọ bụ Port Eliot Literary Festival, na ọrụ London Arts. Obere oge tupu ọnwụ ya, Eliot nwetara onyinye Artist Fellowship na Creative Technology site n'aka Hewlett-Packard, ọ nọkwa na-enyocha ihe ọkpụkpụ a na-anaghị ahụ anya na ụda 3D.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://x2.i-dat.org/~je/2005/audio/jago1.mp3 |title=Archived copy |access-date=2 November 2007 |archive-date=19 January 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070119135517/http://x2.i-dat.org/~je/2005/audio/jago1.mp3 |url-status=dead |accessdate=14 July 2026 |archivedate=19 January 2007 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070119135517/http://x2.i-dat.org/~je/2005/audio/jago1.mp3 }}</ref> Ọ malitekwara imepụta atụmatụ iji hụ na Port Eliot ga-anọgide na-abụ ụlọ nyocha omenala na-akpali akpali, iwuli elu n'akụkọ ifo nke [[Elephant Fayre]] ma nyere aka ịkọwa ụkpụrụ nke Mmemme Akwụkwọ Port Eliot,<ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2006/jul/29/featuresreviews.guardianreview13 | location=London | work=The Guardian | title=Diary: Jul 29 | date=29 July 2006}}</ref> site na mkparịta ụka ya na ndị enyi dịka [[Tom Hodgkinson]] nke magazin [[The Idler (1993)|the Idler]]. Mmasị o nwere maka nka mere ka o sonyekwa na A Foundation,<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20071103151342/http://www.afoundation.org.uk/afoundation/index.php A Foundation | About<!-- Bot generated title -->] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071103151342/http://www.afoundation.org.uk/afoundation/index.php |date=3 November 2007 }}</ref> site na ọrụ Literati ya na [https://i-dat.org/i-DAT] ya na A Conversation na Port Eliot na 2006. Nke a bụ nke mbụ n'usoro atụpụtara maka echiche ndị na-apụta ìhè na nka, sayensị na teknụzụ nke Jago Eliot haziri na [https://i-dat.org/ Ụlọ Ọrụ Nkà na Teknụzụ Dijitalụ] na [[Mahadum Plymouth]]. Isiokwu maka ogbako a bụ 'nkà na enweghị ezi uche' na 'ebe ihe na-adịghị mkpa'. ==Alụmdi na nwunye na ụmụaka== Eliot lụrụ onye bụbu onye nlereanya Bianca Ciambriello. Di na nwunye ahụ lụrụ "di na nwunye" mbụ n'ogige "Lost Vagueness" na Mmemme Glastonbury<ref name=GOB /> tupu emume a ga-eme n'ụzọ dị mfe karịa na [[Port Eliot]], ebe obibi nke [[Earl nke St Germans|Eliot ezinụlọ]]. Agbamakwụkwọ ọzọ a pụtara na fim Julian Temple nke afọ 2006 bụ Glastonbury.<ref>[http://www.glastonburythemovie.com/ Glastonbury The Movie<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref><ref>GRO Register of Marriages: SEP 2002 368 1080 C17 ST GERMANS – Eliot = Ciambriello</ref> Ha mụrụ otu nwoke na otu ejima ụmụ nwanyị. ==Ọnwụ== Eliot nwụrụ n'abalị iri na ise nke ọnwa Eprel afọ 2006.<ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1516011/Peers-surfing-son-who-lived-life-to-the-full-is-found-dead-in-bath-by-his-wife.html | location=London | work=The Telegraph| title=Peer's surfing son who 'lived life to the full' is found dead in bath by his wife | date=18 April 2006}}</ref> O kpebisiri ike na ọ ga-anwụ site na [[ọrịa epilepsy]],<ref name=GOB>{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/news/2006/may/01/guardianobituaries.mainsection |title=Obituary: Jago Eliot |work=The Guardian |accessdate=15 December 2011 |last=Williams|first=Heathcote |location=London |date=1 May 2006}}</ref> nke bidoro ya na 2004. ==Ntụaka== {{Reflist}} ==Njikọ mpụga== *[http://www.westernmorningnews.co.uk/displayNode.jsp?nodeId=141507&command=displayContent&sourceNode=201813&home=yes&more_nodeId1=201752&contentPK=14348031 Obituary in the] [[Western Morning News]] * [http://www.afoolisharrangement.com/Cure/interview.asp?InterviewID=252 Review of the Elephant Fayre, 1983] {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Eliot, Jago Eliot, Lord}} tchp7136g9zg99z8z93r7crwwsq3tvm 10 78107 696466 2021-04-02T14:52:38Z Woko Sapien 42017 Woko Sapien moved page [[Template:Prime Ministers of Kazakhstan]] to [[Template:Prime ministers of Kazakhstan]]: [[MOS:JOBTITLES]] 696466 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Template:Prime ministers of Kazakhstan]] {{Redirect category shell| {{R from move}} }} jxiii8a3kcpk0mvq5jupxu47egwloos 696467 696466 2026-08-03T07:51:07Z King ChristLike 13051 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Prime_Ministers_of_Kazakhstan]] 696466 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Template:Prime ministers of Kazakhstan]] {{Redirect category shell| {{R from move}} }} jxiii8a3kcpk0mvq5jupxu47egwloos 10 78108 696472 2007-02-11T22:46:44Z Biruitorul 52690 [[WP:AES|←]]Created page with '{{NavigationBox | Title = [[Prime Minister of Kazakhstan|Prime Ministers of Kazakhstan]] | Category =<noinclude>[[Category:Prime Ministers of Kazakhstan]]</noinclud...' 696472 wikitext text/x-wiki {{NavigationBox | Title = [[Prime Minister of Kazakhstan|Prime Ministers of Kazakhstan]] | Category =<noinclude>[[Category:Prime Ministers of Kazakhstan]]</noinclude> | Color = #b0c4de<!--LightSteelBlue--> | List = '''[[Kazakh SSR]]''': [[Image:Qazaq ssr 37-40.svg|20px|Flag of the Kazakh SSR]] [[Ibragim Tazhiyev]]&nbsp;• [[Image:Qazaq SSR 40-53.svg|20px|Flag of the Kazakh SSR]] [[Nurtas Undasynov]]&nbsp;•[[Image:Flag of Kazakh SSR.svg|20px|Flag of the Kazakh SSR]] [[Elubai Taibekov]]&nbsp;• [[Dinmukhamed Konayev]]&nbsp;• [[Zhumabek Tashenev]]&nbsp;• [[Salken Daulenov]]&nbsp;• [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]]&nbsp;• [[Dinmukhamed Konayev]]&nbsp;• [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]]&nbsp;• [[Bayken Ashimov]]&nbsp;• [[Nursultan Nazarbayev]]&nbsp;• [[Uzakbay Karamanov]] '''[[Kazakhstan]]''': [[Image:Flag of Kazakhstan.svg|20px|Flag of Kazakhstan]] [[Sergey Tereshchenko]]&nbsp;• [[Akezhan Kazhegeldin]]&nbsp;• [[Nurlan Balgimbayev]]&nbsp;• [[Kassym-Jomart Tokayev]]&nbsp;• [[Imangali Tasmagambetov]]&nbsp;• [[Daniyal Akhmetov]]&nbsp;• [[Karim Masimov]] }} rvv0flmiakhtgg22w7ho27s7edsewv8 696473 696472 2007-02-23T22:49:41Z Biruitorul 52690 696473 wikitext text/x-wiki {{NavigationBox | Title = [[Prime Minister of Kazakhstan|Prime Ministers of Kazakhstan]] | Category =<noinclude>[[Category:Prime Ministers of Kazakhstan]]</noinclude> | Color = #b0c4de<!--LightSteelBlue--> | List = '''[[Kazakh Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic|Kazakh ASSR]]''': [[Uraz Isayev]] '''[[Kazakh SSR]]''': [[Image:Qazaq ssr 37-40.svg|20px|Flag of the Kazakh SSR]] [[Uraz Isayev]]&nbsp;• [[Ibragim Tazhiyev]]&nbsp;• [[Image:Qazaq SSR 40-53.svg|20px|Flag of the Kazakh SSR]] [[Nurtas Undasynov]]&nbsp;• [[Image:Flag of Kazakh SSR.svg|20px|Flag of the Kazakh SSR]] [[Elubai Taibekov]]&nbsp;• [[Dinmukhamed Konayev]]&nbsp;• [[Zhumabek Tashenev]]&nbsp;• [[Salken Daulenov]]&nbsp;• [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]]&nbsp;• [[Dinmukhamed Konayev]]&nbsp;• [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]]&nbsp;• [[Bayken Ashimov]]&nbsp;• [[Nursultan Nazarbayev]]&nbsp;• [[Uzakbay Karamanov]] '''[[Kazakhstan]]''': [[Image:Flag of Kazakhstan.svg|20px|Flag of Kazakhstan]] [[Sergey Tereshchenko]]&nbsp;• [[Akezhan Kazhegeldin]]&nbsp;• [[Nurlan Balgimbayev]]&nbsp;• [[Kassym-Jomart Tokayev]]&nbsp;• [[Imangali Tasmagambetov]]&nbsp;• [[Daniyal Akhmetov]]&nbsp;• [[Karim Masimov]] }} 7dnsajaxcgqgcgc46obdwqpv3n4xzra 696474 696473 2007-08-22T05:11:33Z CapitalR 14575 Converting to Navbox using [[Wikipedia:AutoWikiBrowser|AWB]] 696474 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox |name = KazakhPMs |title = [[Prime Minister of Kazakhstan|Prime Ministers of Kazakhstan]] |titlestyle = background:#b0c4de<!--LightSteelBlue-->; |list1 = <div> '''[[Kazakh Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic|Kazakh ASSR]]''': [[Uraz Isayev]] '''[[Kazakh SSR]]''': [[Image:Qazaq ssr 37-40.svg|20px|Flag of the Kazakh SSR]] [[Uraz Isayev]]&nbsp;• [[Ibragim Tazhiyev]]&nbsp;• [[Image:Qazaq SSR 40-53.svg|20px|Flag of the Kazakh SSR]] [[Nurtas Undasynov]]&nbsp;• [[Image:Flag of Kazakh SSR.svg|20px|Flag of the Kazakh SSR]] [[Elubai Taibekov]]&nbsp;• [[Dinmukhamed Konayev]]&nbsp;• [[Zhumabek Tashenev]]&nbsp;• [[Salken Daulenov]]&nbsp;• [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]]&nbsp;• [[Dinmukhamed Konayev]]&nbsp;• [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]]&nbsp;• [[Bayken Ashimov]]&nbsp;• [[Nursultan Nazarbayev]]&nbsp;• [[Uzakbay Karamanov]] '''[[Kazakhstan]]''': [[Image:Flag of Kazakhstan.svg|20px|Flag of Kazakhstan]] [[Sergey Tereshchenko]]&nbsp;• [[Akezhan Kazhegeldin]]&nbsp;• [[Nurlan Balgimbayev]]&nbsp;• [[Kassym-Jomart Tokayev]]&nbsp;• [[Imangali Tasmagambetov]]&nbsp;• [[Daniyal Akhmetov]]&nbsp;• [[Karim Masimov]] </div> }}<noinclude> [[Category:Prime Ministers of Kazakhstan]] </noinclude> am3eafiwlc6z8qa3ltptoxtlptyg44l 696475 696474 2007-11-17T09:26:33Z Bryan Derksen 31227 grouping, removing non-article from article category 696475 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox |name = KazakhPMs |title = [[Prime Minister of Kazakhstan|Prime Ministers of Kazakhstan]] |titlestyle = background:#b0c4de<!--LightSteelBlue-->; |group1 = [[Kazakh Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic|Kazakh ASSR]] |list1= [[Uraz Isayev]] |group2=[[Kazakh SSR]] |list2= [[Image:Qazaq ssr 37-40.svg|20px|Flag of the Kazakh SSR]] [[Uraz Isayev]]&nbsp;• [[Ibragim Tazhiyev]]&nbsp;• [[Image:Qazaq SSR 40-53.svg|20px|Flag of the Kazakh SSR]] [[Nurtas Undasynov]]&nbsp;• [[Image:Flag of Kazakh SSR.svg|20px|Flag of the Kazakh SSR]] [[Elubai Taibekov]]&nbsp;• [[Dinmukhamed Konayev]]&nbsp;• [[Zhumabek Tashenev]]&nbsp;• [[Salken Daulenov]]&nbsp;• [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]]&nbsp;• [[Dinmukhamed Konayev]]&nbsp;• [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]]&nbsp;• [[Bayken Ashimov]]&nbsp;• [[Nursultan Nazarbayev]]&nbsp;• [[Uzakbay Karamanov]] |group3=[[Kazakhstan]] |list3= [[Image:Flag of Kazakhstan.svg|20px|Flag of Kazakhstan]] [[Sergey Tereshchenko]]&nbsp;• [[Akezhan Kazhegeldin]]&nbsp;• [[Nurlan Balgimbayev]]&nbsp;• [[Kassym-Jomart Tokayev]]&nbsp;• [[Imangali Tasmagambetov]]&nbsp;• [[Daniyal Akhmetov]]&nbsp;• [[Karim Masimov]] }}<noinclude> {{Uncategorized template|type=navbox|date=November 2007}} </noinclude> i4vc0kry2iydxq3f8ek0asqkwgz65nr 696476 696475 2007-11-30T11:29:10Z Woohookitty 31240 cat 696476 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox |name = KazakhPMs |title = [[Prime Minister of Kazakhstan|Prime Ministers of Kazakhstan]] |titlestyle = background:#b0c4de<!--LightSteelBlue-->; |group1 = [[Kazakh Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic|Kazakh ASSR]] |list1= [[Uraz Isayev]] |group2=[[Kazakh SSR]] |list2= [[Image:Qazaq ssr 37-40.svg|20px|Flag of the Kazakh SSR]] [[Uraz Isayev]]&nbsp;• [[Ibragim Tazhiyev]]&nbsp;• [[Image:Qazaq SSR 40-53.svg|20px|Flag of the Kazakh SSR]] [[Nurtas Undasynov]]&nbsp;• [[Image:Flag of Kazakh SSR.svg|20px|Flag of the Kazakh SSR]] [[Elubai Taibekov]]&nbsp;• [[Dinmukhamed Konayev]]&nbsp;• [[Zhumabek Tashenev]]&nbsp;• [[Salken Daulenov]]&nbsp;• [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]]&nbsp;• [[Dinmukhamed Konayev]]&nbsp;• [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]]&nbsp;• [[Bayken Ashimov]]&nbsp;• [[Nursultan Nazarbayev]]&nbsp;• [[Uzakbay Karamanov]] |group3=[[Kazakhstan]] |list3= [[Image:Flag of Kazakhstan.svg|20px|Flag of Kazakhstan]] [[Sergey Tereshchenko]]&nbsp;• [[Akezhan Kazhegeldin]]&nbsp;• [[Nurlan Balgimbayev]]&nbsp;• [[Kassym-Jomart Tokayev]]&nbsp;• [[Imangali Tasmagambetov]]&nbsp;• [[Daniyal Akhmetov]]&nbsp;• [[Karim Masimov]] }}<noinclude> [[Category:Asia political leaders navigational boxes|{{PAGENAME}}]] </noinclude> 25wr5muxj3j84h48p3vuripq6xz1au2 696477 696476 2008-03-25T21:54:25Z BernardTom 65121 696477 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox |name = KazakhPMs |title = [[Prime Minister of Kazakhstan|Prime Ministers of Kazakhstan]] |titlestyle = background:#b0c4de<!--LightSteelBlue-->; |group1 = [[Kazakh Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic|Kazakh ASSR]] |list1= [[Uraz Isayev]] |group2=[[Kazakh SSR]] |list2= [[Image:Qazaq ssr 37-40.svg|20px|Flag of the Kazakh SSR]] [[Uraz Isayev]]&nbsp;• [[Ibragim Tazhiyev]]&nbsp;• [[Image:Qazaq SSR 40-53.svg|20px|Flag of the Kazakh SSR]] [[Nurtas Undasynov]]&nbsp;• [[Image:Flag of Kazakh SSR.svg|20px|Flag of the Kazakh SSR]] [[Elubai Taibekov]]&nbsp;• [[Dinmukhamed Konayev]]&nbsp;• [[Zhumabek Tashenev]]&nbsp;• [[Salken Daulenov]]&nbsp;• [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]]&nbsp;• [[Dinmukhamed Konayev]]&nbsp;• [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]]&nbsp;• [[Bayken Ashimov]]&nbsp;• [[Nursultan Nazarbayev]]&nbsp;• [[Uzakbay Karamanov]] |group3=[[Kazakhstan]] |list3= [[Image:Flag of Kazakhstan.svg|20px|Flag of Kazakhstan]] [[Sergey Tereshchenko]]&nbsp;• [[Akezhan Kazhegeldin]]&nbsp;• [[Nurlan Balgimbayev]]&nbsp;• [[Kassym-Jomart Tokayev]]&nbsp;• [[Imangali Tasmagambetov]]&nbsp;• [[Daniyal Akhmetov]]&nbsp;• [[Karim Masimov]] }}<noinclude> [[Category:Kazakh navigational boxes]] [[Category:Asia political leaders navigational boxes|{{PAGENAME}}]] </noinclude> 8u5e5ub36rcxteasuw3g7ci8trvnlfr 696478 696477 2008-03-25T22:34:52Z BernardTom 65121 696478 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox |name = KazakhPMs |title = [[Prime Minister of Kazakhstan|Prime Ministers of Kazakhstan]] |titlestyle = background:#b0c4de<!--LightSteelBlue-->; |group1 = [[Kazakh Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic|Kazakh ASSR]] |list1= [[Uraz Isayev]] |group2=[[Kazakh SSR]] |list2= [[Image:Qazaq ssr 37-40.svg|20px|Flag of the Kazakh SSR]] [[Uraz Isayev]]&nbsp;• [[Ibragim Tazhiyev]]&nbsp;• [[Image:Qazaq SSR 40-53.svg|20px|Flag of the Kazakh SSR]] [[Nurtas Undasynov]]&nbsp;• [[Image:Flag of Kazakh SSR.svg|20px|Flag of the Kazakh SSR]] [[Elubai Taibekov]]&nbsp;• [[Dinmukhamed Konayev]]&nbsp;• [[Zhumabek Tashenev]]&nbsp;• [[Salken Daulenov]]&nbsp;• [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]]&nbsp;• [[Dinmukhamed Konayev]]&nbsp;• [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]]&nbsp;• [[Bayken Ashimov]]&nbsp;• [[Nursultan Nazarbayev]]&nbsp;• [[Uzakbay Karamanov]] |group3=[[Kazakhstan]] |list3= [[Image:Flag of Kazakhstan.svg|20px|Flag of Kazakhstan]] [[Sergey Tereshchenko]]&nbsp;• [[Akezhan Kazhegeldin]]&nbsp;• [[Nurlan Balgimbayev]]&nbsp;• [[Kassym-Jomart Tokayev]]&nbsp;• [[Imangali Tasmagambetov]]&nbsp;• [[Daniyal Akhmetov]]&nbsp;• [[Karim Masimov]] }}<noinclude> [[Category:Kazakh navigational boxes|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Category:Asia political leaders navigational boxes|{{PAGENAME}}]] </noinclude> pysezvn86jz9z123c4t25cj5vh0x3uf 696479 696478 2008-05-27T03:07:29Z Biruitorul 52690 m 696479 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox |name = KazakhPMs |title = [[Prime Minister of Kazakhstan|Prime Ministers of Kazakhstan]] |titlestyle = background:#b0c4de<!--LightSteelBlue-->; |group1 = [[Kazakh Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic|Kazakh ASSR]] |list1= [[Uraz Isayev]] |group2=[[Kazakh SSR]] |list2= [[Image:Qazaq ssr 37-40.svg|20px|Flag of the Kazakh SSR]] [[Uraz Isayev]]&nbsp;• [[Ibragim Tazhiyev]]&nbsp;• [[Image:Qazaq SSR 40-53.svg|20px|Flag of the Kazakh SSR]] [[Nurtas Undasynov]]&nbsp;• [[Image:Flag of Kazakh SSR.svg|20px|Flag of the Kazakh SSR]] [[Elubai Taibekov]]&nbsp;• [[Dinmukhamed Konayev]]&nbsp;• [[Zhumabek Tashenev]]&nbsp;• [[Salken Daulenov]]&nbsp;• [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]]&nbsp;• [[Dinmukhamed Konayev]]&nbsp;• [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]]&nbsp;• [[Bayken Ashimov]]&nbsp;• [[Nursultan Nazarbayev]]&nbsp;• [[Uzakbay Karamanov]] |group3=[[Kazakhstan]] |list3= [[Image:Flag of Kazakhstan.svg|20px|Flag of Kazakhstan]] [[Sergey Tereshchenko]]&nbsp;• [[Akezhan Kazhegeldin]]&nbsp;• [[Nurlan Balgimbayev]]&nbsp;• [[Kassym-Jomart Tokayev]]&nbsp;• [[Imangali Tasmagambetov]]&nbsp;• [[Daniyal Akhmetov]]&nbsp;• [[Karim Massimov]] }}<noinclude> [[Category:Kazakh navigational boxes|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Category:Asia political leaders navigational boxes|{{PAGENAME}}]] </noinclude> cl7vde0e589k56f6orkwptr2hdwzxp0 696480 696479 2008-06-24T03:16:58Z Sardanaphalus 14621 updating category using [[Project:AutoWikiBrowser|AWB]] 696480 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox |name = KazakhPMs |title = [[Prime Minister of Kazakhstan|Prime Ministers of Kazakhstan]] |titlestyle = background:#b0c4de<!--LightSteelBlue-->; |group1 = [[Kazakh Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic|Kazakh ASSR]] |list1= [[Uraz Isayev]] |group2=[[Kazakh SSR]] |list2= [[Image:Qazaq ssr 37-40.svg|20px|Flag of the Kazakh SSR]] [[Uraz Isayev]]&nbsp;• [[Ibragim Tazhiyev]]&nbsp;• [[Image:Qazaq SSR 40-53.svg|20px|Flag of the Kazakh SSR]] [[Nurtas Undasynov]]&nbsp;• [[Image:Flag of Kazakh SSR.svg|20px|Flag of the Kazakh SSR]] [[Elubai Taibekov]]&nbsp;• [[Dinmukhamed Konayev]]&nbsp;• [[Zhumabek Tashenev]]&nbsp;• [[Salken Daulenov]]&nbsp;• [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]]&nbsp;• [[Dinmukhamed Konayev]]&nbsp;• [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]]&nbsp;• [[Bayken Ashimov]]&nbsp;• [[Nursultan Nazarbayev]]&nbsp;• [[Uzakbay Karamanov]] |group3=[[Kazakhstan]] |list3= [[Image:Flag of Kazakhstan.svg|20px|Flag of Kazakhstan]] [[Sergey Tereshchenko]]&nbsp;• [[Akezhan Kazhegeldin]]&nbsp;• [[Nurlan Balgimbayev]]&nbsp;• [[Kassym-Jomart Tokayev]]&nbsp;• [[Imangali Tasmagambetov]]&nbsp;• [[Daniyal Akhmetov]]&nbsp;• [[Karim Massimov]] }}<noinclude> [[Category:Kazakh navigational boxes|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Category:Asia political leader templates|{{PAGENAME}}]] </noinclude> dzme9vaud9rqrf6u2s2prshuxmfi9i8 696481 696480 2008-06-27T18:30:27Z Sardanaphalus 14621 moved [[Template:KazakhPMs]] to [[Template:Prime Ministers of Kazakhstan]]: Per template's title 696480 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox |name = KazakhPMs |title = [[Prime Minister of Kazakhstan|Prime Ministers of Kazakhstan]] |titlestyle = background:#b0c4de<!--LightSteelBlue-->; |group1 = [[Kazakh Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic|Kazakh ASSR]] |list1= [[Uraz Isayev]] |group2=[[Kazakh SSR]] |list2= [[Image:Qazaq ssr 37-40.svg|20px|Flag of the Kazakh SSR]] [[Uraz Isayev]]&nbsp;• [[Ibragim Tazhiyev]]&nbsp;• [[Image:Qazaq SSR 40-53.svg|20px|Flag of the Kazakh SSR]] [[Nurtas Undasynov]]&nbsp;• [[Image:Flag of Kazakh SSR.svg|20px|Flag of the Kazakh SSR]] [[Elubai Taibekov]]&nbsp;• [[Dinmukhamed Konayev]]&nbsp;• [[Zhumabek Tashenev]]&nbsp;• [[Salken Daulenov]]&nbsp;• [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]]&nbsp;• [[Dinmukhamed Konayev]]&nbsp;• [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]]&nbsp;• [[Bayken Ashimov]]&nbsp;• [[Nursultan Nazarbayev]]&nbsp;• [[Uzakbay Karamanov]] |group3=[[Kazakhstan]] |list3= [[Image:Flag of Kazakhstan.svg|20px|Flag of Kazakhstan]] [[Sergey Tereshchenko]]&nbsp;• [[Akezhan Kazhegeldin]]&nbsp;• [[Nurlan Balgimbayev]]&nbsp;• [[Kassym-Jomart Tokayev]]&nbsp;• [[Imangali Tasmagambetov]]&nbsp;• [[Daniyal Akhmetov]]&nbsp;• [[Karim Massimov]] }}<noinclude> [[Category:Kazakh navigational boxes|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Category:Asia political leader templates|{{PAGENAME}}]] </noinclude> dzme9vaud9rqrf6u2s2prshuxmfi9i8 696482 696481 2008-06-27T18:30:45Z Sardanaphalus 14621 updating name 696482 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox |name = Prime Ministers of Kazakhstan |title = [[Prime Minister of Kazakhstan|Prime Ministers of Kazakhstan]] |titlestyle = background:#b0c4de<!--LightSteelBlue-->; |group1 = [[Kazakh Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic|Kazakh ASSR]] |list1= [[Uraz Isayev]] |group2=[[Kazakh SSR]] |list2= [[Image:Qazaq ssr 37-40.svg|20px|Flag of the Kazakh SSR]] [[Uraz Isayev]]&nbsp;• [[Ibragim Tazhiyev]]&nbsp;• [[Image:Qazaq SSR 40-53.svg|20px|Flag of the Kazakh SSR]] [[Nurtas Undasynov]]&nbsp;• [[Image:Flag of Kazakh SSR.svg|20px|Flag of the Kazakh SSR]] [[Elubai Taibekov]]&nbsp;• [[Dinmukhamed Konayev]]&nbsp;• [[Zhumabek Tashenev]]&nbsp;• [[Salken Daulenov]]&nbsp;• [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]]&nbsp;• [[Dinmukhamed Konayev]]&nbsp;• [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]]&nbsp;• [[Bayken Ashimov]]&nbsp;• [[Nursultan Nazarbayev]]&nbsp;• [[Uzakbay Karamanov]] |group3=[[Kazakhstan]] |list3= [[Image:Flag of Kazakhstan.svg|20px|Flag of Kazakhstan]] [[Sergey Tereshchenko]]&nbsp;• [[Akezhan Kazhegeldin]]&nbsp;• [[Nurlan Balgimbayev]]&nbsp;• [[Kassym-Jomart Tokayev]]&nbsp;• [[Imangali Tasmagambetov]]&nbsp;• [[Daniyal Akhmetov]]&nbsp;• [[Karim Massimov]] }}<noinclude> [[Category:Kazakh navigational boxes|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Category:Asia political leader templates|{{PAGENAME}}]] </noinclude> 8yk5bz2cwf8h81bii460xv5twwn3if6 696483 696482 2008-06-27T18:49:14Z Sardanaphalus 14621 groupstyle, flag alignment (subgroups) and larger size (details more visible), more discreet dividers, cross-browser-compliant linewrap handling, updating categorization 696483 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox |name = Prime Ministers of Kazakhstan |title = [[Prime Minister of Kazakhstan|Prime Ministers of]] [[Kazakhstan]] |titlestyle = background:lightsteelblue; |groupstyle = background:lightsteelblue; |liststyle = background:transparent; |group1 = [[Kazakh Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic|Kazakh ASSR]] |list1 = [[Uraz Isayev]] |group2 = [[Kazakh SSR]] |list2 = {{Navbox subgroups |groupstyle = width:6.5em; padding:0.2em 0; background:transparent; |liststyle = padding:0.25em 0; line-height:1.4em; <!--otherwise lists can appear to form continuous whole--> width:auto; background:transparent; |group1 = [[Image:Qazaq ssr 37-40.svg|54px|Flag of the Kazakh SSR 1937-1940]] |list1 = [[Uraz Isayev]]{{·}} [[Ibragim Tazhiyev]] |group2 = [[Image:Qazaq SSR 40-53.svg|54px|Flag of the Kazakh SSR 1940-1953]] |list2 = [[Nurtas Undasynov]] |group3 = [[Image:Flag of Kazakh SSR.svg|54px|Flag of the Kazakh SSR from 1953]] |list3 = {{nowrap begin}} [[Elubai Taibekov]]{{·w}} [[Dinmukhamed Konayev]]{{·w}} [[Zhumabek Tashenev]]{{·w}} [[Salken Daulenov]]{{·w}} [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]]{{·w}} [[Dinmukhamed Konayev]]{{·w}} [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]]{{·w}} [[Bayken Ashimov]]{{·w}} [[Nursultan Nazarbayev]]{{·w}} [[Uzakbay Karamanov]] {{nowrap end}} }} |group3 = [[Kazakhstan]] |list3 = {{Navbox subgroups |groupstyle = width:6.5em; padding:0; background:transparent; |liststyle = padding:0.25em 0; line-height:1.4em; <!--otherwise lists can appear to form continuous whole--> width:auto; background:transparent; |group1 = {{flagicon|Kazakhstan|size=54px}} |list1 = {{nowrap begin}} [[Sergey Tereshchenko]]{{·w}} [[Akezhan Kazhegeldin]]{{·w}} [[Nurlan Balgimbayev]]{{·w}} [[Kassym-Jomart Tokayev]]{{·w}} [[Imangali Tasmagambetov]]{{·w}} [[Daniyal Akhmetov]]{{·w}} [[Karim Massimov]] {{nowrap end}} }} }}<noinclude> [[Category:Kazakhstan politics and government templates|Prime Ministers]] [[Category:Asia political leader templates|Kazakhstan]] [[Category:Europe political leader templates|Kazakhstan]] </noinclude> ijcdomsgldy3b6u4vyp4reo07cgptpg 696484 696483 2008-09-27T09:48:56Z The Quill 52973 Redesign 696484 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox |name = Prime Ministers of Kazakhstan |title = [[Prime Minister of Kazakhstan|Prime Ministers of]] [[Kazakhstan]] |titlestyle = background:lightsteelblue; |groupstyle = background:lightsteelblue; |belowstyle = background:lightsteelblue; |group1 = <center>[[Kyrgyz Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic|Kyrgyz ASSR]]</center> |list1 = [[Image:Flag of Russian SFSR.svg|75px|right]] Viktor Alekseyevich Radus-Zenkovich {{·}} Mukhamedkhafiy Murzagaliyev {{·}} Saken Seyfullin {{·}} Nygmet Nurmakovich Nurmakov |group2 = <center>[[Kazakh Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic|Kazakh ASSR]]</center> |list2 = [[Image:Flag of Russian SFSR.svg|75px|right]] [[Nygmet Nurmakovich Nurmakov]] {{·}} [[Uraz Isayev]] {{·}} [[Ibragim Tazhiyev]] {{·}} [[Nurtas Undasynov]] |group3 = <center>[[Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic]] </center> |list3 = [[Image:Flag of Kazakh SSR.svg|75px|right]] [[Elubai Taibekov]]{{·}} [[Dinmukhamed Konayev]]{{·}} [[Zhumabek Tashenev]]{{·}} [[Salken Daulenov]]{{·}} [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]]{{·}} [[Dinmukhamed Konayev]]{{·}} [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]]{{·}} [[Bayken Ashimov]]{{·}} [[Nursultan Nazarbayev]]{{·}} [[Uzakbay Karamanov]] |group4 = <center>[[Kazakhstan]]</center> |list4 = [[Image:Flag of Kazakhstan.svg|75px|right]] [[Sergey Tereshchenko]] {{·}} [[Akezhan Kazhegeldin]] {{·}} [[Nurlan Balgimbayev]] {{·}} [[Kassym-Jomart Tokayev]] {{·}} [[Imangali Tasmagambetov]] {{·}} [[Daniyal Akhmetov]] {{·}} [[Karim Massimov]] }}<noinclude> [[Category:Kazakhstan politics and government templates|Prime Ministers]] [[Category:Asia political leader templates|Kazakhstan]] [[Category:Europe political leader templates|Kazakhstan]] </noinclude> d3vuvyfeipr4b4mt3gr8q1jwddkomew 696485 696484 2008-09-27T11:10:48Z The Quill 52973 New Full, Correct and Complete list, without red links 696485 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox |name = Prime Ministers of Kazakhstan |title = [[Prime Minister of Kazakhstan|Prime Ministers of]] [[Kazakhstan]] |titlestyle = background:lightsteelblue; |groupstyle = background:lightsteelblue; |belowstyle = background:lightsteelblue; |group1 = <center>[[Kyrgyz Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic|Kyrgyz ASSR]]</center> |list1 = [[Image:Flag of Russian SFSR.svg|75px|right]] Viktor Alekseyevich Radus-Zenkovich {{·}} Mukhamedkhafiy Murzagaliyev {{·}} Saken Seyfullin {{·}} Nygmet Nurmakovich Nurmakov |group2 = <center>[[Kazakh Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic|Kazakh ASSR]]</center> |list2 = [[Image:Flag of Russian SFSR.svg|75px|right]] Nygmet Nurmakovich Nurmakov {{·w}} Uraz Dzaizakovich Isayev |group3 = <center>[[Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic]] </center> |list3 = [[Image:Flag of Kazakh SSR.svg|75px|right]] Uraz Dzaizakovich Isayev {{·}} Ibragim Tausiyevich Tazhiyev {{·}}Nurtas Dandybayevich Undasynov {{·}}Elubay Bazimovich Taibekov {{·}}[[Dinmukhamed Akhmedovich Kunayev]] {{·}}Zhumabek Akhmetovich Tashenev {{·}}Salken Daulenovich Daulenov {{·}}Masymkhan Beysembayevich Beysembayev {{·}} [[Dinmukhamed Akhmedovich Kunayev]] {{·}}Masymkhan Beysembayevich Beysembayev {{·}}Bayken Ashimovich Ashimov {{·}}[[Nursultan Abishevich Nazarbayev]] {{·}} Uzakbay Karamanovich Karamanov |group4 = <center>[[Kazakhstan]]</center> |list4 = [[Image:Flag of Kazakhstan.svg|75px|right]] Sergey Aleksandrovich Tereshchenko {{·}} [[Akezhan Kazhegeldin|Akezhan Magzhanovich Kazhegeldin]] {{·}} [[Nurlan Balgimbayev|Nurlan Utebuluyevich Balgimbayev]] {{·}} [[Kasymzhomart Tokayev|Kasymzhomart Kemelevich Tokayev]] {{·}} [[Imangali Tasmagambetov|Imangali Nurgaliyevich Tasmagambetov]] {{·}} [[Daniyal Akhmetov|Daniyal Kenzhetayevich Akhmetov]] {{·}} [[Karim Masimov|Karim Kazhymkanovich Masimov]] }}<noinclude> [[Category:Kazakhstan politics and government templates|Prime Ministers]] [[Category:Asia political leader templates|Kazakhstan]] [[Category:Europe political leader templates|Kazakhstan]] </noinclude> 3qe2d4gny2tch5qjc9tptri309phfft 696486 696485 2008-11-03T20:00:38Z Royalmate1 65122 Linking 696486 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox |name = Prime Ministers of Kazakhstan |title = [[Prime Minister of Kazakhstan|Prime Ministers of]] [[Kazakhstan]] |titlestyle = background:lightsteelblue; |groupstyle = background:lightsteelblue; |belowstyle = background:lightsteelblue; |group1 = <center>[[Kyrgyz Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic|Kyrgyz ASSR]]</center> |list1 = [[Image:Flag of Russian SFSR.svg|75px|right]] [[Viktor Alekseyevich Radus-Zenkovich]] {{·}} [[Mukhamedkhafiy Murzagaliyev]] {{·}} [[Saken Seyfullin]] {{·}} [[Nygmet Nurmakovich Nurmakov]] |group2 = <center>[[Kazakh Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic|Kazakh ASSR]]</center> |list2 = [[Image:Flag of Russian SFSR.svg|75px|right]] [[Nygmet Nurmakovich Nurmakov]] {{·w}} [[Uraz Dzaizakovich Isayev]] |group3 = <center>[[Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic]] </center> |list3 = [[Image:Flag of Kazakh SSR.svg|75px|right]] [[Uraz Dzaizakovich Isayev]] {{·}} [[Ibragim Tausiyevich Tazhiyev]] {{·}}[[Nurtas Dandybayevich Undasynov]] {{·}}[[Elubay Bazimovich Taibekov]] {{·}}[[Dinmukhamed Akhmedovich Kunayev]] {{·}}[[Zhumabek Akhmetovich Tashenev]] {{·}}[[Salken Daulenovich Daulenov]] {{·}}[[Masymkhan Beysembayevich Beysembayev]] {{·}} [[Dinmukhamed Akhmedovich Kunayev]] {{·}}[[Masymkhan Beysembayevich Beysembayev]]{{·}}[[Bayken Ashimovich Ashimov]] {{·}}[[Nursultan Abishevich Nazarbayev]] {{·}} [[Uzakbay Karamanovich Karamanov]] |group4 = <center>[[Kazakhstan]]</center> |list4 = [[Image:Flag of Kazakhstan.svg|75px|right]] [[Sergey Aleksandrovich Tereshchenko]] {{·}} [[Akezhan Kazhegeldin|Akezhan Magzhanovich Kazhegeldin]] {{·}} [[Nurlan Balgimbayev|Nurlan Utebuluyevich Balgimbayev]] {{·}} [[Kasymzhomart Tokayev|Kasymzhomart Kemelevich Tokayev]] {{·}} [[Imangali Tasmagambetov|Imangali Nurgaliyevich Tasmagambetov]] {{·}} [[Daniyal Akhmetov|Daniyal Kenzhetayevich Akhmetov]] {{·}} [[Karim Masimov|Karim Kazhymkanovich Masimov]] }}<noinclude> [[Category:Kazakhstan politics and government templates|Prime Ministers]] [[Category:Asia political leader templates|Kazakhstan]] [[Category:Europe political leader templates|Kazakhstan]] </noinclude> 10ewmxutmluppdx035f65z4eagp6ay1 696487 696486 2009-03-12T13:53:54Z SeNeKa 65123 696487 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox |name = Prime Ministers of Kazakhstan |title = [[Prime Minister of Kazakhstan|Prime Ministers of]] [[Kazakhstan]] |titlestyle = background:lightsteelblue; |groupstyle = background:lightsteelblue; |belowstyle = background:lightsteelblue; |group1 = <center>[[Kirghiz ASSR]]</center> |list1 = [[Viktor Radus-Zenkovich|Radus-Zenkovich]]{{·}} [[Mukhamedkhafiy Murzagaliyev|Murzagaliyev]]{{·}} [[Saken Seyfullin|Seyfullin]]{{·}} [[Nygmet Nurmakovich Nurmakov|Nurmakov]] |group2 = <center>[[Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic|Kazakh ASSR]]</center> |list2 = [[Nygmet Nurmakov|Nurmakov]]{{·}} [[Uraz Isayev|Isayev]] |group3 = <center>[[Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic|Kazakh SSR]] </center> |list3 = [[Uraz Isayev|Isayev]]{{·}} [[Ibragim Tazhiyev|Tazhiyev]]{{·}} [[Nurtas Undasynov|Undasynov]]{{·}} [[Elubay Taibekov|Taibekov]]{{·}} [[Dinmukhamed Kunayev|Kunayev]] {{·}} [[Zhumabek Tashenev|Tashenev]]{{·}} [[Salken Daulenov|Daulenov]]{{·}} [[Masymkhan Beysembayevich Beysembayev|Beysembayev]]{{·}} [[Dinmukhamed Kunayev|Kunayev]] {{·}}[[Masymkhan Beysembayev|Beysembayev]]{{·}} [[Bayken Ashimovich Ashimov|Ashimov]]{{·}} [[Nursultan Nazarbayev|Nazarbayev]]{{·}} [[Uzakbay Karamanov|Karamanov]]{{·}} [[Sergey Tereshchenko|Tereshchenko]] |group4 = <center>[[Kazakhstan|Republic of Kazakhstan]]</center> |list4 = [[Sergey Tereshchenko|Tereshchenko]]{{·}} [[Akezhan Kazhegeldin|Kazhegeldin]]{{·}} [[Nurlan Balgimbayev|Balgimbayev]]{{·}} [[Kasymzhomart Tokayev|Tokayev]]{{·}} [[Imangali Tasmagambetov|Tasmagambetov]]{{·}} [[Daniyal Akhmetov|Akhmetov]]{{·}} [[Karim Masimov|Masimov]] }}<noinclude> [[Category:Kazakhstan politics and government templates|Prime Ministers]] [[Category:Asia political leader templates|Kazakhstan]] [[Category:Europe political leader templates|Kazakhstan]] </noinclude> 64htcljetod5xvkpy2na80mtwqx79w1 696488 696487 2009-03-12T13:54:17Z SeNeKa 65123 696488 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox |name = Prime Ministers of Kazakhstan |title = [[Prime Minister of Kazakhstan|Prime Ministers of]] [[Kazakhstan]] |titlestyle = background:lightsteelblue; |groupstyle = background:lightsteelblue; |belowstyle = background:lightsteelblue; |group1 = <center>[[Kirghiz ASSR]]</center> |list1 = [[Viktor Radus-Zenkovich|Radus-Zenkovich]]{{·}} [[Mukhamedkhafiy Murzagaliyev|Murzagaliyev]]{{·}} [[Saken Seyfullin|Seyfullin]]{{·}} [[Nygmet Nurmakovich Nurmakov|Nurmakov]] |group2 = <center>[[Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic|Kazakh ASSR]]</center> |list2 = [[Nygmet Nurmakov|Nurmakov]]{{·}} [[Uraz Isayev|Isayev]] |group3 = <center>[[Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic|Kazakh SSR]] </center> |list3 = [[Uraz Isayev|Isayev]]{{·}} [[Ibragim Tazhiyev|Tazhiyev]]{{·}} [[Nurtas Undasynov|Undasynov]]{{·}} [[Elubay Taibekov|Taibekov]]{{·}} [[Dinmukhamed Kunayev|Kunayev]] {{·}} [[Zhumabek Tashenev|Tashenev]]{{·}} [[Salken Daulenov|Daulenov]]{{·}} [[Masymkhan Beysembayev|Beysembayev]]{{·}} [[Dinmukhamed Kunayev|Kunayev]]{{·}} [[Masymkhan Beysembayev|Beysembayev]]{{·}} [[Bayken Ashimovich Ashimov|Ashimov]]{{·}} [[Nursultan Nazarbayev|Nazarbayev]]{{·}} [[Uzakbay Karamanov|Karamanov]]{{·}} [[Sergey Tereshchenko|Tereshchenko]] |group4 = <center>[[Kazakhstan|Republic of Kazakhstan]]</center> |list4 = [[Sergey Tereshchenko|Tereshchenko]]{{·}} [[Akezhan Kazhegeldin|Kazhegeldin]]{{·}} [[Nurlan Balgimbayev|Balgimbayev]]{{·}} [[Kasymzhomart Tokayev|Tokayev]]{{·}} [[Imangali Tasmagambetov|Tasmagambetov]]{{·}} [[Daniyal Akhmetov|Akhmetov]]{{·}} [[Karim Masimov|Masimov]] }}<noinclude> [[Category:Kazakhstan politics and government templates|Prime Ministers]] [[Category:Asia political leader templates|Kazakhstan]] [[Category:Europe political leader templates|Kazakhstan]] </noinclude> bwjpft7d19dodsp03g7bca3m9698tzb 696489 696488 2009-03-12T13:56:45Z SeNeKa 65123 696489 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox |name = Prime Ministers of Kazakhstan |title = [[Prime Minister of Kazakhstan|Prime Ministers of]] [[Kazakhstan]] |titlestyle = background:lightsteelblue; |groupstyle = background:lightsteelblue; |belowstyle = background:lightsteelblue; |group1 = <center>[[Kirghiz ASSR]]</center> |list1 = [[Viktor Radus-Zenkovich|Radus-Zenkovich]]{{·}} [[Mukhamedkhafiy Murzagaliyev|Murzagaliyev]]{{·}} [[Saken Seyfullin|Seyfullin]]{{·}} [[Nygmet Nurmakovich Nurmakov|Nurmakov]] |group2 = <center>[[Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic|Kazakh ASSR]]</center> |list2 = [[Nygmet Nurmakov|Nurmakov]]{{·}} [[Uraz Isayev|Isayev]] |group3 = <center>[[Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic|Kazakh SSR]] </center> |list3 = [[Uraz Isayev|Isayev]]{{·}} [[Ibragim Tazhiyev|Tazhiyev]]{{·}} [[Nurtas Undasynov|Undasynov]]{{·}} [[Elubay Taybekov|Taybekov]]{{·}} [[Dinmukhamed Kunayev|Kunayev]]{{·}} [[Zhumabek Tashenev|Tashenev]]{{·}} [[Salken Daulenov|Daulenov]]{{·}} [[Masymkhan Beysembayev|Beysembayev]]{{·}} [[Dinmukhamed Kunayev|Kunayev]]{{·}} [[Masymkhan Beysembayev|Beysembayev]]{{·}} [[Bayken Ashimovich Ashimov|Ashimov]]{{·}} [[Nursultan Nazarbayev|Nazarbayev]]{{·}} [[Uzakbay Karamanov|Karamanov]]{{·}} [[Sergey Tereshchenko|Tereshchenko]] |group4 = <center>[[Kazakhstan|Republic of Kazakhstan]]</center> |list4 = [[Sergey Tereshchenko|Tereshchenko]]{{·}} [[Akezhan Kazhegeldin|Kazhegeldin]]{{·}} [[Nurlan Balgimbayev|Balgimbayev]]{{·}} [[Kasymzhomart Tokayev|Tokayev]]{{·}} [[Imangali Tasmagambetov|Tasmagambetov]]{{·}} [[Daniyal Akhmetov|Akhmetov]]{{·}} [[Karim Masimov|Masimov]] }}<noinclude> [[Category:Kazakhstan politics and government templates|Prime Ministers]] [[Category:Asia political leader templates|Kazakhstan]] [[Category:Europe political leader templates|Kazakhstan]] </noinclude> 57he4a6sypei9vej167wqxz0laybwzm 696490 696489 2009-03-13T18:41:28Z The Quill 52973 flags 696490 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox |name = Prime Ministers of Kazakhstan |title = [[Prime Minister of Kazakhstan|Prime Ministers of]] [[Kazakhstan]] |titlestyle = background:lightsteelblue; |groupstyle = background:lightsteelblue; |belowstyle = background:lightsteelblue; |group1 = <center>[[Kyrgyz Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic|Kyrgyz ASSR]]</center> |list1 = [[Image:Flag of Russian SFSR.svg|75px|right]] [[Viktor Alekseyevich Radus-Zenkovich]] {{·}} [[Mukhamedkhafiy Murzagaliyev]] {{·}} [[Saken Seyfullin]] {{·}} [[Nygmet Nurmakovich Nurmakov]] |group2 = <center>[[Kazakh Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic|Kazakh ASSR]]</center> |list2 = [[Image:Flag of Russian SFSR.svg|75px|right]] [[Nygmet Nurmakovich Nurmakov]] {{·w}} [[Uraz Dzaizakovich Isayev]] |group3 = <center>[[Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic]] </center> |list3 = [[Image:Flag of Kazakh SSR.svg|75px|right]] [[Uraz Dzaizakovich Isayev]] {{·}} [[Ibragim Tausiyevich Tazhiyev]] {{·}}[[Nurtas Dandybayevich Undasynov]] {{·}}[[Elubay Bazimovich Taibekov]] {{·}}[[Dinmukhamed Akhmedovich Kunayev]] {{·}}[[Zhumabek Akhmetovich Tashenev]] {{·}}[[Salken Daulenovich Daulenov]] {{·}}[[Masymkhan Beysembayevich Beysembayev]] {{·}} [[Dinmukhamed Akhmedovich Kunayev]] {{·}}[[Masymkhan Beysembayevich Beysembayev]]{{·}}[[Bayken Ashimovich Ashimov]] {{·}}[[Nursultan Abishevich Nazarbayev]] {{·}} [[Uzakbay Karamanovich Karamanov]] |group4 = <center>[[Kazakhstan]]</center> |list4 = [[Image:Flag of Kazakhstan.svg|75px|right]] [[Sergey Aleksandrovich Tereshchenko]] {{·}} [[Akezhan Kazhegeldin|Akezhan Magzhanovich Kazhegeldin]] {{·}} [[Nurlan Balgimbayev|Nurlan Utebuluyevich Balgimbayev]] {{·}} [[Kasymzhomart Tokayev|Kasymzhomart Kemelevich Tokayev]] {{·}} [[Imangali Tasmagambetov|Imangali Nurgaliyevich Tasmagambetov]] {{·}} [[Daniyal Akhmetov|Daniyal Kenzhetayevich Akhmetov]] {{·}} [[Karim Masimov|Karim Kazhymkanovich Masimov]] }}<noinclude> [[Category:Kazakhstan politics and government templates|Prime Ministers]] [[Category:Asia political leader templates|Kazakhstan]] [[Category:Europe political leader templates|Kazakhstan]] </noinclude> 10ewmxutmluppdx035f65z4eagp6ay1 696491 696490 2009-04-01T13:54:19Z SeNeKa 65123 696491 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox |name = Prime Ministers of Kazakhstan |title = [[Prime Minister of Kazakhstan|Prime Ministers of]] [[Kazakhstan]] |group1 = [[Kirghiz ASSR]] |list1 = [[Viktor Radus-Zenkovich|Radus-Zenkovich]]{{·}} [[Mukhamedkhafiy Murzagaliyev|Murzagaliyev]]{{·}} [[Saken Seyfullin|Seyfullin]]{{·}} [[Nygmet Nurmakovich Nurmakov|Nurmakov]] |group2 = [[Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic|Kazakh ASSR]] |list2 = [[Nygmet Nurmakov|Nurmakov]]{{·}} [[Uraz Isayev|Isayev]] |group3 = [[Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic|Kazakh SSR]] |list3 = [[Uraz Isayev|Isayev]]{{·}} [[Ibragim Tazhiyev|Tazhiyev]]{{·}} [[Nurtas Undasynov|Undasynov]]{{·}} [[Elubay Taybekov|Taybekov]]{{·}} [[Dinmukhamed Kunayev|Kunayev]]{{·}} [[Zhumabek Tashenev|Tashenev]]{{·}} [[Salken Daulenov|Daulenov]]{{·}} [[Masymkhan Beysembayev|Beysembayev]]{{·}} [[Dinmukhamed Kunayev|Kunayev]]{{·}} [[Masymkhan Beysembayev|Beysembayev]]{{·}} [[Bayken Ashimovich Ashimov|Ashimov]]{{·}} [[Nursultan Nazarbayev|Nazarbayev]]{{·}} [[Uzakbay Karamanov|Karamanov]]{{·}} [[Sergey Tereshchenko|Tereshchenko]] |group4 = [[Kazakhstan|Republic of Kazakhstan]] |list4 = [[Sergey Tereshchenko|Tereshchenko]]{{·}} [[Akezhan Kazhegeldin|Kazhegeldin]]{{·}} [[Nurlan Balgimbayev|Balgimbayev]]{{·}} [[Kasymzhomart Tokayev|Tokayev]]{{·}} [[Imangali Tasmagambetov|Tasmagambetov]]{{·}} [[Daniyal Akhmetov|Akhmetov]]{{·}} [[Karim Masimov|Masimov]] }}<noinclude> [[Category:Kazakhstan politics and government templates|Prime Ministers]] [[Category:Asia political leader templates|Kazakhstan]] [[Category:Europe political leader templates|Kazakhstan]] </noinclude> klc8f3aaw7l9fubulhwoqu7du584i1d 696492 696491 2009-04-01T18:34:05Z The Quill 52973 [[WP:UNDO|Undid]] revision 281076356 by [[Special:Contributions/SeNeKa|SeNeKa]] ([[User talk:SeNeKa|talk]]) 696492 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox |name = Prime Ministers of Kazakhstan |title = [[Prime Minister of Kazakhstan|Prime Ministers of]] [[Kazakhstan]] |titlestyle = background:lightsteelblue; |groupstyle = background:lightsteelblue; |belowstyle = background:lightsteelblue; |group1 = <center>[[Kyrgyz Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic|Kyrgyz ASSR]]</center> |list1 = [[Image:Flag of Russian SFSR.svg|75px|right]] [[Viktor Alekseyevich Radus-Zenkovich]] {{·}} [[Mukhamedkhafiy Murzagaliyev]] {{·}} [[Saken Seyfullin]] {{·}} [[Nygmet Nurmakovich Nurmakov]] |group2 = <center>[[Kazakh Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic|Kazakh ASSR]]</center> |list2 = [[Image:Flag of Russian SFSR.svg|75px|right]] [[Nygmet Nurmakovich Nurmakov]] {{·w}} [[Uraz Dzaizakovich Isayev]] |group3 = <center>[[Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic]] </center> |list3 = [[Image:Flag of Kazakh SSR.svg|75px|right]] [[Uraz Dzaizakovich Isayev]] {{·}} [[Ibragim Tausiyevich Tazhiyev]] {{·}}[[Nurtas Dandybayevich Undasynov]] {{·}}[[Elubay Bazimovich Taibekov]] {{·}}[[Dinmukhamed Akhmedovich Kunayev]] {{·}}[[Zhumabek Akhmetovich Tashenev]] {{·}}[[Salken Daulenovich Daulenov]] {{·}}[[Masymkhan Beysembayevich Beysembayev]] {{·}} [[Dinmukhamed Akhmedovich Kunayev]] {{·}}[[Masymkhan Beysembayevich Beysembayev]]{{·}}[[Bayken Ashimovich Ashimov]] {{·}}[[Nursultan Abishevich Nazarbayev]] {{·}} [[Uzakbay Karamanovich Karamanov]] |group4 = <center>[[Kazakhstan]]</center> |list4 = [[Image:Flag of Kazakhstan.svg|75px|right]] [[Sergey Aleksandrovich Tereshchenko]] {{·}} [[Akezhan Kazhegeldin|Akezhan Magzhanovich Kazhegeldin]] {{·}} [[Nurlan Balgimbayev|Nurlan Utebuluyevich Balgimbayev]] {{·}} [[Kasymzhomart Tokayev|Kasymzhomart Kemelevich Tokayev]] {{·}} [[Imangali Tasmagambetov|Imangali Nurgaliyevich Tasmagambetov]] {{·}} [[Daniyal Akhmetov|Daniyal Kenzhetayevich Akhmetov]] {{·}} [[Karim Masimov|Karim Kazhymkanovich Masimov]] }}<noinclude> [[Category:Kazakhstan politics and government templates|Prime Ministers]] [[Category:Asia political leader templates|Kazakhstan]] [[Category:Europe political leader templates|Kazakhstan]] </noinclude> 10ewmxutmluppdx035f65z4eagp6ay1 696493 696492 2009-04-11T15:44:27Z SeNeKa 65123 don't revert without discussion 696493 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox |name = Prime Ministers of Kazakhstan |title = [[Prime Minister of Kazakhstan|Prime Ministers of]] [[Kazakhstan]] since 1917 |group1 = [[Alash Autonomy]] |list1 = [[Alikhan Bokeikhanov|Bokeikhanov]] |group2 = [[Kirghiz ASSR]] |list2 = [[Viktor Radus-Zenkovich|Radus-Zenkovich]]{{·}} [[Mukhamedkhafiy Murzagaliyev|Murzagaliyev]]{{·}} [[Saken Seyfullin|Seyfullin]]{{·}} [[Nygmet Nurmakovich Nurmakov|Nurmakov]] |group3 = [[Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic|Kazakh ASSR]] |list3 = [[Nygmet Nurmakov|Nurmakov]]{{·}} [[Uraz Isayev|Isayev]] |group4 = [[Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic|Kazakh SSR]] |list4 = [[Uraz Isayev|Isayev]]{{·}} [[Ibragim Tazhiyev|Tazhiyev]]{{·}} [[Nurtas Undasynov|Undasynov]]{{·}} [[Elubay Taybekov|Taybekov]]{{·}} [[Dinmukhamed Kunayev|Kunayev]]{{·}} [[Zhumabek Tashenev|Tashenev]]{{·}} [[Salken Daulenov|Daulenov]]{{·}} [[Masymkhan Beysembayev|Beysembayev]]{{·}} [[Dinmukhamed Kunayev|Kunayev]]{{·}} [[Masymkhan Beysembayev|Beysembayev]]{{·}} [[Bayken Ashimovich Ashimov|Ashimov]]{{·}} [[Nursultan Nazarbayev|Nazarbayev]]{{·}} [[Uzakbay Karamanov|Karamanov]]{{·}} [[Sergey Tereshchenko|Tereshchenko]] |group5 = [[Kazakhstan|Republic of Kazakhstan]] |list5 = [[Sergey Tereshchenko|Tereshchenko]]{{·}} [[Akezhan Kazhegeldin|Kazhegeldin]]{{·}} [[Nurlan Balgimbayev|Balgimbayev]]{{·}} [[Kasymzhomart Tokayev|Tokayev]]{{·}} [[Imangali Tasmagambetov|Tasmagambetov]]{{·}} [[Daniyal Akhmetov|Akhmetov]]{{·}} [[Karim Masimov|Masimov]] }}<noinclude> [[Category:Kazakhstan politics and government templates|Prime Ministers]] [[Category:Asia political leader templates|Kazakhstan]] [[Category:Europe political leader templates|Kazakhstan]] </noinclude> 4qfvoivs8ixkx1xi3bsloyq7875hqsx 696494 696493 2009-04-11T20:23:20Z The Quill 52973 [[WP:UNDO|Undid]] revision 283191591 by [[Special:Contributions/SeNeKa|SeNeKa]] ([[User talk:SeNeKa|talk]])Take note 696494 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox |name = Prime Ministers of Kazakhstan |title = [[Prime Minister of Kazakhstan|Prime Ministers of]] [[Kazakhstan]] |titlestyle = background:lightsteelblue; |groupstyle = background:lightsteelblue; |belowstyle = background:lightsteelblue; |group1 = <center>[[Kyrgyz Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic|Kyrgyz ASSR]]</center> |list1 = [[Image:Flag of Russian SFSR.svg|75px|right]] [[Viktor Alekseyevich Radus-Zenkovich]] {{·}} [[Mukhamedkhafiy Murzagaliyev]] {{·}} [[Saken Seyfullin]] {{·}} [[Nygmet Nurmakovich Nurmakov]] |group2 = <center>[[Kazakh Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic|Kazakh ASSR]]</center> |list2 = [[Image:Flag of Russian SFSR.svg|75px|right]] [[Nygmet Nurmakovich Nurmakov]] {{·w}} [[Uraz Dzaizakovich Isayev]] |group3 = <center>[[Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic]] </center> |list3 = [[Image:Flag of Kazakh SSR.svg|75px|right]] [[Uraz Dzaizakovich Isayev]] {{·}} [[Ibragim Tausiyevich Tazhiyev]] {{·}}[[Nurtas Dandybayevich Undasynov]] {{·}}[[Elubay Bazimovich Taibekov]] {{·}}[[Dinmukhamed Akhmedovich Kunayev]] {{·}}[[Zhumabek Akhmetovich Tashenev]] {{·}}[[Salken Daulenovich Daulenov]] {{·}}[[Masymkhan Beysembayevich Beysembayev]] {{·}} [[Dinmukhamed Akhmedovich Kunayev]] {{·}}[[Masymkhan Beysembayevich Beysembayev]]{{·}}[[Bayken Ashimovich Ashimov]] {{·}}[[Nursultan Abishevich Nazarbayev]] {{·}} [[Uzakbay Karamanovich Karamanov]] |group4 = <center>[[Kazakhstan]]</center> |list4 = [[Image:Flag of Kazakhstan.svg|75px|right]] [[Sergey Aleksandrovich Tereshchenko]] {{·}} [[Akezhan Kazhegeldin|Akezhan Magzhanovich Kazhegeldin]] {{·}} [[Nurlan Balgimbayev|Nurlan Utebuluyevich Balgimbayev]] {{·}} [[Kasymzhomart Tokayev|Kasymzhomart Kemelevich Tokayev]] {{·}} [[Imangali Tasmagambetov|Imangali Nurgaliyevich Tasmagambetov]] {{·}} [[Daniyal Akhmetov|Daniyal Kenzhetayevich Akhmetov]] {{·}} [[Karim Masimov|Karim Kazhymkanovich Masimov]] }}<noinclude> [[Category:Kazakhstan politics and government templates|Prime Ministers]] [[Category:Asia political leader templates|Kazakhstan]] [[Category:Europe political leader templates|Kazakhstan]] </noinclude> 10ewmxutmluppdx035f65z4eagp6ay1 696495 696494 2009-04-16T17:22:09Z SeNeKa 65123 This is full list of Kazakhstani PM 696495 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox |name = Prime Ministers of Kazakhstan |title = [[Prime Minister of Kazakhstan|Prime Ministers of]] [[Kazakhstan]] since 1917 |group1 = [[Alash Autonomy]] |list1 = [[Alikhan Bokeikhanov|Bokeikhanov]] |group2 = [[Kirghiz ASSR]] |list2 = [[Viktor Radus-Zenkovich|Radus-Zenkovich]]{{·}} [[Mukhamedkhafiy Murzagaliyev|Murzagaliyev]]{{·}} [[Saken Seyfullin|Seyfullin]]{{·}} [[Nygmet Nurmakovich Nurmakov|Nurmakov]] |group3 = [[Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic|Kazakh ASSR]] |list3 = [[Nygmet Nurmakov|Nurmakov]]{{·}} [[Uraz Isayev|Isayev]] |group4 = [[Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic|Kazakh SSR]] |list4 = [[Uraz Isayev|Isayev]]{{·}} [[Ibragim Tazhiyev|Tazhiyev]]{{·}} [[Nurtas Undasynov|Undasynov]]{{·}} [[Elubay Taybekov|Taybekov]]{{·}} [[Dinmukhamed Kunayev|Kunayev]]{{·}} [[Zhumabek Tashenev|Tashenev]]{{·}} [[Salken Daulenov|Daulenov]]{{·}} [[Masymkhan Beysembayev|Beysembayev]]{{·}} [[Dinmukhamed Kunayev|Kunayev]]{{·}} [[Masymkhan Beysembayev|Beysembayev]]{{·}} [[Bayken Ashimovich Ashimov|Ashimov]]{{·}} [[Nursultan Nazarbayev|Nazarbayev]]{{·}} [[Uzakbay Karamanov|Karamanov]]{{·}} [[Sergey Tereshchenko|Tereshchenko]] |group5 = [[Kazakhstan|Republic of Kazakhstan]] |list5 = [[Sergey Tereshchenko|Tereshchenko]]{{·}} [[Akezhan Kazhegeldin|Kazhegeldin]]{{·}} [[Nurlan Balgimbayev|Balgimbayev]]{{·}} [[Kasymzhomart Tokayev|Tokayev]]{{·}} [[Imangali Tasmagambetov|Tasmagambetov]]{{·}} [[Daniyal Akhmetov|Akhmetov]]{{·}} [[Karim Masimov|Masimov]] }}<noinclude> [[Category:Kazakhstan politics and government templates|Prime Ministers]] [[Category:Asia political leader templates|Kazakhstan]] [[Category:Europe political leader templates|Kazakhstan]] </noinclude> 4qfvoivs8ixkx1xi3bsloyq7875hqsx 696496 696495 2009-04-16T19:30:57Z The Quill 52973 [[WP:UNDO|Undid]] revision 284241966 by [[Special:Contributions/SeNeKa|SeNeKa]] ([[User talk:SeNeKa|talk]])Which is why half of them have just disappeared then 696496 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox |name = Prime Ministers of Kazakhstan |title = [[Prime Minister of Kazakhstan|Prime Ministers of]] [[Kazakhstan]] |titlestyle = background:lightsteelblue; |groupstyle = background:lightsteelblue; |belowstyle = background:lightsteelblue; |group1 = <center>[[Kyrgyz Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic|Kyrgyz ASSR]]</center> |list1 = [[Image:Flag of Russian SFSR.svg|75px|right]] [[Viktor Alekseyevich Radus-Zenkovich]] {{·}} [[Mukhamedkhafiy Murzagaliyev]] {{·}} [[Saken Seyfullin]] {{·}} [[Nygmet Nurmakovich Nurmakov]] |group2 = <center>[[Kazakh Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic|Kazakh ASSR]]</center> |list2 = [[Image:Flag of Russian SFSR.svg|75px|right]] [[Nygmet Nurmakovich Nurmakov]] {{·w}} [[Uraz Dzaizakovich Isayev]] |group3 = <center>[[Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic]] </center> |list3 = [[Image:Flag of Kazakh SSR.svg|75px|right]] [[Uraz Dzaizakovich Isayev]] {{·}} [[Ibragim Tausiyevich Tazhiyev]] {{·}}[[Nurtas Dandybayevich Undasynov]] {{·}}[[Elubay Bazimovich Taibekov]] {{·}}[[Dinmukhamed Akhmedovich Kunayev]] {{·}}[[Zhumabek Akhmetovich Tashenev]] {{·}}[[Salken Daulenovich Daulenov]] {{·}}[[Masymkhan Beysembayevich Beysembayev]] {{·}} [[Dinmukhamed Akhmedovich Kunayev]] {{·}}[[Masymkhan Beysembayevich Beysembayev]]{{·}}[[Bayken Ashimovich Ashimov]] {{·}}[[Nursultan Abishevich Nazarbayev]] {{·}} [[Uzakbay Karamanovich Karamanov]] |group4 = <center>[[Kazakhstan]]</center> |list4 = [[Image:Flag of Kazakhstan.svg|75px|right]] [[Sergey Aleksandrovich Tereshchenko]] {{·}} [[Akezhan Kazhegeldin|Akezhan Magzhanovich Kazhegeldin]] {{·}} [[Nurlan Balgimbayev|Nurlan Utebuluyevich Balgimbayev]] {{·}} [[Kasymzhomart Tokayev|Kasymzhomart Kemelevich Tokayev]] {{·}} [[Imangali Tasmagambetov|Imangali Nurgaliyevich Tasmagambetov]] {{·}} [[Daniyal Akhmetov|Daniyal Kenzhetayevich Akhmetov]] {{·}} [[Karim Masimov|Karim Kazhymkanovich Masimov]] }}<noinclude> [[Category:Kazakhstan politics and government templates|Prime Ministers]] [[Category:Asia political leader templates|Kazakhstan]] [[Category:Europe political leader templates|Kazakhstan]] </noinclude> 10ewmxutmluppdx035f65z4eagp6ay1 696497 696496 2009-07-23T16:34:56Z Euku 6128 +de 696497 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox |name = Prime Ministers of Kazakhstan |title = [[Prime Minister of Kazakhstan|Prime Ministers of]] [[Kazakhstan]] |titlestyle = background:lightsteelblue; |groupstyle = background:lightsteelblue; |belowstyle = background:lightsteelblue; |group1 = <center>[[Kyrgyz Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic|Kyrgyz ASSR]]</center> |list1 = [[Image:Flag of Russian SFSR.svg|75px|right]] [[Viktor Alekseyevich Radus-Zenkovich]] {{·}} [[Mukhamedkhafiy Murzagaliyev]] {{·}} [[Saken Seyfullin]] {{·}} [[Nygmet Nurmakovich Nurmakov]] |group2 = <center>[[Kazakh Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic|Kazakh ASSR]]</center> |list2 = [[Image:Flag of Russian SFSR.svg|75px|right]] [[Nygmet Nurmakovich Nurmakov]] {{·w}} [[Uraz Dzaizakovich Isayev]] |group3 = <center>[[Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic]] </center> |list3 = [[Image:Flag of Kazakh SSR.svg|75px|right]] [[Uraz Dzaizakovich Isayev]] {{·}} [[Ibragim Tausiyevich Tazhiyev]] {{·}}[[Nurtas Dandybayevich Undasynov]] {{·}}[[Elubay Bazimovich Taibekov]] {{·}}[[Dinmukhamed Akhmedovich Kunayev]] {{·}}[[Zhumabek Akhmetovich Tashenev]] {{·}}[[Salken Daulenovich Daulenov]] {{·}}[[Masymkhan Beysembayevich Beysembayev]] {{·}} [[Dinmukhamed Akhmedovich Kunayev]] {{·}}[[Masymkhan Beysembayevich Beysembayev]]{{·}}[[Bayken Ashimovich Ashimov]] {{·}}[[Nursultan Abishevich Nazarbayev]] {{·}} [[Uzakbay Karamanovich Karamanov]] |group4 = <center>[[Kazakhstan]]</center> |list4 = [[Image:Flag of Kazakhstan.svg|75px|right]] [[Sergey Aleksandrovich Tereshchenko]] {{·}} [[Akezhan Kazhegeldin|Akezhan Magzhanovich Kazhegeldin]] {{·}} [[Nurlan Balgimbayev|Nurlan Utebuluyevich Balgimbayev]] {{·}} [[Kasymzhomart Tokayev|Kasymzhomart Kemelevich Tokayev]] {{·}} [[Imangali Tasmagambetov|Imangali Nurgaliyevich Tasmagambetov]] {{·}} [[Daniyal Akhmetov|Daniyal Kenzhetayevich Akhmetov]] {{·}} [[Karim Masimov|Karim Kazhymkanovich Masimov]] }}<noinclude> [[Category:Kazakhstan politics and government templates|Prime Ministers]] [[Category:Asia political leader templates|Kazakhstan]] [[Category:Europe political leader templates|Kazakhstan]] [[de:Vorlage:Navigationsleiste Premierminister Kasachstans]] </noinclude> 1mahyqpx9nay0otnw0fbnfgxxfr3vll 696498 696497 2010-04-14T23:36:57Z DandyDan2007 65124 696498 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox |name = Prime Ministers of Kazakhstan |title = [[Prime Minister of Kazakhstan|Prime Ministers of]] [[Kazakhstan]] |titlestyle = background:lightsteelblue; |groupstyle = background:lightsteelblue; |belowstyle = background:lightsteelblue; |group1 = <center>[[Kyrgyz Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic|Kyrgyz ASSR]]</center> |list1 = [[Image:Flag of Russian SFSR.svg|75px|right]] [[Viktor Alekseyevich Radus-Zenkovich]] {{·}} [[Mukhamedkhafiy Murzagaliyev]] {{·}} [[Saken Seyfullin]] {{·}} [[Nygmet Nurmakovich Nurmakov]] |group2 = <center>[[Kazakh Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic|Kazakh ASSR]]</center> |list2 = [[Image:Flag of Russian SFSR.svg|75px|right]] [[Nygmet Nurmakovich Nurmakov]] {{·w}} [[Uraz Dzaizakovich Isayev]] |group3 = <center>[[Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic]] </center> |list3 = [[Image:Flag of Kazakh SSR.svg|75px|right]] [[Uraz Dzaizakovich Isayev]] {{·}} [[Ibragim Tausiyevich Tazhiyev]] {{·}}[[Nurtas Dandybayevich Undasynov]] {{·}}[[Elubay Bazimovich Taibekov]] {{·}}[[Dinmukhamed Akhmedovich Kunayev]] {{·}}[[Zhumabek Akhmetovich Tashenev]] {{·}}[[Salken Daulenovich Daulenov]] {{·}}[[Masymkhan Beysembayevich Beysembayev]] {{·}} [[Dinmukhamed Akhmedovich Kunayev]] {{·}}[[Masymkhan Beysembayevich Beysembayev]]{{·}}[[Bayken Ashimovich Ashimov]] {{·}}[[Nursultan Nazarbayev|Nursultan Abishevich Nazarbayev]] {{·}} [[Uzakbay Karamanovich Karamanov]] |group4 = <center>[[Kazakhstan]]</center> |list4 = [[Image:Flag of Kazakhstan.svg|75px|right]] [[Sergey Aleksandrovich Tereshchenko]] {{·}} [[Akezhan Kazhegeldin|Akezhan Magzhanovich Kazhegeldin]] {{·}} [[Nurlan Balgimbayev|Nurlan Utebuluyevich Balgimbayev]] {{·}} [[Kasymzhomart Tokayev|Kasymzhomart Kemelevich Tokayev]] {{·}} [[Imangali Tasmagambetov|Imangali Nurgaliyevich Tasmagambetov]] {{·}} [[Daniyal Akhmetov|Daniyal Kenzhetayevich Akhmetov]] {{·}} [[Karim Masimov|Karim Kazhymkanovich Masimov]] }}<noinclude> [[Category:Kazakhstan politics and government templates|Prime Ministers]] [[Category:Asia political leader templates|Kazakhstan]] [[Category:Europe political leader templates|Kazakhstan]] [[de:Vorlage:Navigationsleiste Premierminister Kasachstans]] </noinclude> 079r93xms9tacw0cl9nxbkhjmvwna1h 696499 696498 2010-06-02T12:13:36Z DASHBot 46752 [[WP:BOT|Bot]]: [[WP:R#Bypass_redirects_in_navigational_templates|Bypassing redirects in navboxes]], in order to improve article navigability;[[User:DASHBot/d|details/shutoff]] 696499 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox |name = Prime Ministers of Kazakhstan |title = [[Prime Minister of Kazakhstan|Prime Ministers of]] [[Kazakhstan]] |titlestyle = background:lightsteelblue; |groupstyle = background:lightsteelblue; |belowstyle = background:lightsteelblue; |group1 = <center>[[Kyrgyz Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic|Kyrgyz ASSR]]</center> |list1 = [[Image:Flag of Russian SFSR.svg|75px|right]] [[Viktor Alekseyevich Radus-Zenkovich]] {{·}} [[Mukhamedkhafiy Murzagaliyev]] {{·}} [[Saken Seyfullin]] {{·}} [[Nygmet Nurmakovich Nurmakov]] |group2 = <center>[[Kazakh Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic|Kazakh ASSR]]</center> |list2 = [[Image:Flag of Russian SFSR.svg|75px|right]] [[Nygmet Nurmakovich Nurmakov]] {{·w}} [[Uraz Dzaizakovich Isayev]] |group3 = <center>[[Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic]] </center> |list3 = [[Image:Flag of Kazakh SSR.svg|75px|right]] [[Uraz Dzaizakovich Isayev]] {{·}} [[Ibragim Tausiyevich Tazhiyev]] {{·}}[[Nurtas Dandybayevich Undasynov]] {{·}}[[Elubay Bazimovich Taibekov]] {{·}}[[Dinmukhamed Konayev|Dinmukhamed Akhmedovich Kunayev]] {{·}}[[Zhumabek Akhmetovich Tashenev]] {{·}}[[Salken Daulenovich Daulenov]] {{·}}[[Masymkhan Beysembayevich Beysembayev]] {{·}} [[Dinmukhamed Konayev|Dinmukhamed Akhmedovich Kunayev]] {{·}}[[Masymkhan Beysembayevich Beysembayev]]{{·}}[[Bayken Ashimovich Ashimov]] {{·}}[[Nursultan Nazarbayev|Nursultan Abishevich Nazarbayev]] {{·}} [[Uzakbay Karamanovich Karamanov]] |group4 = <center>[[Kazakhstan]]</center> |list4 = [[Image:Flag of Kazakhstan.svg|75px|right]] [[Sergey Aleksandrovich Tereshchenko]] {{·}} [[Akezhan Kazhegeldin|Akezhan Magzhanovich Kazhegeldin]] {{·}} [[Nurlan Balgimbayev|Nurlan Utebuluyevich Balgimbayev]] {{·}} [[Kasymzhomart Tokayev|Kasymzhomart Kemelevich Tokayev]] {{·}} [[Imangali Tasmagambetov|Imangali Nurgaliyevich Tasmagambetov]] {{·}} [[Daniyal Akhmetov|Daniyal Kenzhetayevich Akhmetov]] {{·}} [[Karim Masimov|Karim Kazhymkanovich Masimov]] }}<noinclude> [[Category:Kazakhstan politics and government templates|Prime Ministers]] [[Category:Asia political leader templates|Kazakhstan]] [[Category:Europe political leader templates|Kazakhstan]] [[de:Vorlage:Navigationsleiste Premierminister Kasachstans]] </noinclude> ic2bj7sop9m4sdmbcgn3f94fr1mekoa 696500 696499 2010-12-20T11:43:06Z Sundostund 44382 696500 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox |name = Prime Ministers of Kazakhstan |title = [[Prime Minister of Kazakhstan|Prime Ministers of]] [[Kazakhstan]] |titlestyle = background:lightsteelblue; |groupstyle = background:lightsteelblue; |belowstyle = background:lightsteelblue; |group1 = <center>[[Kyrgyz Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic|Kyrgyz ASSR]]</center> |list1 = [[Image:Flag of Russian SFSR.svg|75px|right]] [[Viktor Alekseyevich Radus-Zenkovich]] {{·}} [[Mukhamedkhafiy Murzagaliyev]] {{·}} [[Saken Seyfullin]] {{·}} [[Nygmet Nurmakovich Nurmakov]] |group2 = <center>[[Kazakh Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic|Kazakh ASSR]]</center> |list2 = [[Image:Flag of Russian SFSR.svg|75px|right]] [[Nygmet Nurmakovich Nurmakov]] {{·w}} [[Uraz Dzaizakovich Isayev]] |group3 = <center>[[Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic]] </center> |list3 = [[Image:Flag of Kazakh SSR.svg|75px|right]] [[Uraz Dzaizakovich Isayev]] {{·}} [[Ibragim Tausiyevich Tazhiyev]] {{·}}[[Nurtas Dandybayevich Undasynov]] {{·}}[[Elubay Bazimovich Taibekov]] {{·}}[[Dinmukhamed Konayev|Dinmukhamed Akhmedovich Kunayev]] {{·}}[[Zhumabek Akhmetovich Tashenev]] {{·}}[[Salken Daulenovich Daulenov]] {{·}}[[Masymkhan Beysembayevich Beysembayev]] {{·}} [[Dinmukhamed Konayev|Dinmukhamed Akhmedovich Kunayev]] {{·}}[[Masymkhan Beysembayevich Beysembayev]]{{·}}[[Bayken Ashimovich Ashimov]] {{·}}[[Nursultan Nazarbayev|Nursultan Abishevich Nazarbayev]] {{·}} [[Uzakbay Karamanovich Karamanov]] |group4 = <center>[[Kazakhstan]]</center> |list4 = [[Image:Flag of Kazakhstan.svg|75px|right]] [[Sergey Aleksandrovich Tereshchenko]] {{·}} [[Akezhan Kazhegeldin|Akezhan Magzhanovich Kazhegeldin]] {{·}} [[Nurlan Balgimbayev|Nurlan Utebuluyevich Balgimbayev]] {{·}} [[Kasymzhomart Tokayev|Kasymzhomart Kemelevich Tokayev]] {{·}} [[Imangali Tasmagambetov|Imangali Nurgaliyevich Tasmagambetov]] {{·}} [[Daniyal Akhmetov|Daniyal Kenzhetayevich Akhmetov]] {{·}} [[Karim Massimov|Karim Kazhymkanovich Massimov]] }}<noinclude> [[Category:Kazakhstan politics and government templates|Prime Ministers]] [[Category:Asia political leader templates|Kazakhstan]] [[Category:Europe political leader templates|Kazakhstan]] [[de:Vorlage:Navigationsleiste Premierminister Kasachstans]] </noinclude> hz8dimgiqpjfcv9rd70dhvlgj3c5uwk 696501 696500 2010-12-20T11:49:08Z Sundostund 44382 696501 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox |name = Prime Ministers of Kazakhstan |title = [[Prime Minister of Kazakhstan|Prime Ministers of]] [[Kazakhstan]] |titlestyle = background:lightsteelblue; |groupstyle = background:lightsteelblue; |belowstyle = background:lightsteelblue; |group1 = <center>[[Kyrgyz Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic|Kyrgyz ASSR]]</center> |list1 = [[Image:Flag of Russian SFSR.svg|75px|right]] [[Viktor Radus-Zenkovich]] {{·}} [[Mukhamedkhafiy Murzagaliyev]] {{·}} [[Saken Seyfullin]] {{·}} [[Nygmet Nurmakov]] |group2 = <center>[[Kazakh Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic|Kazakh ASSR]]</center> |list2 = [[Image:Flag of Russian SFSR.svg|75px|right]] [[Nygmet Nurmakov]] {{·w}} [[Uraz Isayev]] |group3 = <center>[[Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic]] </center> |list3 = [[Image:Flag of Kazakh SSR.svg|75px|right]] [[Uraz Isayev]] {{·}} [[Ibragim Tazhiyev]] {{·}}[[Nurtas Undasynov]] {{·}}[[Elubay Taibekov]] {{·}}[[Dinmukhamed Konayev]] {{·}}[[Zhumabek Tashenev]] {{·}}[[Salken Daulenov]] {{·}}[[Masymkhan Beysembayev]] {{·}} [[Dinmukhamed Konayev]] {{·}}[[Masymkhan Beysembayev]]{{·}}[[Bayken Ashimov]] {{·}}[[Nursultan Nazarbayev]] {{·}} [[Uzakbay Karamanov]] |group4 = <center>[[Kazakhstan]]</center> |list4 = [[Image:Flag of Kazakhstan.svg|75px|right]] [[Sergey Tereshchenko]] {{·}} [[Akezhan Kazhegeldin]] {{·}} [[Nurlan Balgimbayev]] {{·}} [[Kasymzhomart Tokayev]] {{·}} [[Imangali Tasmagambetov]] {{·}} [[Daniyal Akhmetov]] {{·}} [[Karim Massimov]] }}<noinclude> [[Category:Kazakhstan politics and government templates|Prime Ministers]] [[Category:Asia political leader templates|Kazakhstan]] [[Category:Europe political leader templates|Kazakhstan]] [[de:Vorlage:Navigationsleiste Premierminister Kasachstans]] </noinclude> reoph83stkfbc8r8uon5u5ercv8lud4 696502 696501 2010-12-20T11:50:05Z Sundostund 44382 696502 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox |name = Prime Ministers of Kazakhstan |title = [[Prime Minister of Kazakhstan|Prime Ministers of]] [[Kazakhstan]] |titlestyle = background:lightsteelblue; |groupstyle = background:lightsteelblue; |belowstyle = background:lightsteelblue; |group1 = <center>[[Kyrgyz Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic|Kyrgyz ASSR]]</center> |list1 = [[Image:Flag of Russian SFSR.svg|75px|right]] [[Viktor Radus-Zenkovich]] {{·}} [[Mukhamedkhafiy Murzagaliyev]] {{·}} [[Saken Seyfullin]] {{·}} [[Nygmet Nurmakov]] |group2 = <center>[[Kazakh Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic|Kazakh ASSR]]</center> |list2 = [[Image:Flag of Russian SFSR.svg|75px|right]] [[Nygmet Nurmakov]] {{·w}} [[Uraz Isayev]] |group3 = <center>[[Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic]] </center> |list3 = [[Image:Flag of Kazakh SSR.svg|75px|right]] [[Uraz Isayev]] {{·}} [[Ibragim Tazhiyev]] {{·}}[[Nurtas Undasynov]] {{·}}[[Elubay Taibekov]] {{·}}[[Dinmukhamed Konayev]] {{·}}[[Zhumabek Tashenev]] {{·}}[[Salken Daulenov]] {{·}}[[Masymkhan Beysembayev]] {{·}} [[Dinmukhamed Konayev]] {{·}}[[Masymkhan Beysembayev]]{{·}}[[Bayken Ashimov]] {{·}}[[Nursultan Nazarbayev]] {{·}} [[Uzakbay Karamanov]] |group4 = <center>[[Kazakhstan]]</center> |list4 = [[Image:Flag of Kazakhstan.svg|75px|right]] [[Sergey Tereshchenko]] {{·}} [[Akezhan Kazhegeldin]] {{·}} [[Nurlan Balgimbayev]] {{·}} [[Kassym-Jomart Tokayev]] {{·}} [[Imangali Tasmagambetov]] {{·}} [[Daniyal Akhmetov]] {{·}} [[Karim Massimov]] }}<noinclude> [[Category:Kazakhstan politics and government templates|Prime Ministers]] [[Category:Asia political leader templates|Kazakhstan]] [[Category:Europe political leader templates|Kazakhstan]] [[de:Vorlage:Navigationsleiste Premierminister Kasachstans]] </noinclude> 96c2gloa5av7dx83r1ffx2gljafa8nb 696503 696502 2011-03-04T06:20:17Z DASHBot 46752 [[WP:BOT|Bot]]:Bypassing redirects in NavBox. 696503 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox |name = Prime Ministers of Kazakhstan |title = [[Prime Minister of Kazakhstan|Prime Ministers of]] [[Kazakhstan]] |titlestyle = background:lightsteelblue; |groupstyle = background:lightsteelblue; |belowstyle = background:lightsteelblue; |group1 = <center>[[Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic|Kyrgyz ASSR]]</center> |list1 = [[Image:Flag of Russian SFSR.svg|75px|right]] [[Viktor Radus-Zenkovich]] {{·}} [[Mukhamedkhafiy Murzagaliyev]] {{·}} [[Saken Seyfullin]] {{·}} [[Nygmet Nurmakov]] |group2 = <center>[[Kazak Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic|Kazakh ASSR]]</center> |list2 = [[Image:Flag of Russian SFSR.svg|75px|right]] [[Nygmet Nurmakov]] {{·w}} [[Uraz Isayev]] |group3 = <center>[[Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic]] </center> |list3 = [[Image:Flag of Kazakh SSR.svg|75px|right]] [[Uraz Isayev]] {{·}} [[Ibragim Tazhiyev]] {{·}}[[Nurtas Undasynov]] {{·}}[[Elubay Taibekov]] {{·}}[[Dinmukhamed Konayev]] {{·}}[[Zhumabek Tashenev]] {{·}}[[Salken Daulenov]] {{·}}[[Masymkhan Beysembayev]] {{·}} [[Dinmukhamed Konayev]] {{·}}[[Masymkhan Beysembayev]]{{·}}[[Bayken Ashimov]] {{·}}[[Nursultan Nazarbayev]] {{·}} [[Uzakbay Karamanov]] |group4 = <center>[[Kazakhstan]]</center> |list4 = [[Image:Flag of Kazakhstan.svg|75px|right]] [[Sergey Tereshchenko]] {{·}} [[Akezhan Kazhegeldin]] {{·}} [[Nurlan Balgimbayev]] {{·}} [[Kassym-Jomart Tokayev]] {{·}} [[Imangali Tasmagambetov]] {{·}} [[Daniyal Akhmetov]] {{·}} [[Karim Massimov]] }}<noinclude> [[Category:Kazakhstan politics and government templates|Prime Ministers]] [[Category:Asia political leader templates|Kazakhstan]] [[Category:Europe political leader templates|Kazakhstan]] [[de:Vorlage:Navigationsleiste Premierminister Kasachstans]] </noinclude> mlmwwpccbrg4xxj2z4qcmsfw1bpdutb 696504 696503 2011-04-10T03:50:34Z 777sms 13826 696504 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox |name = Prime Ministers of Kazakhstan |title = [[Prime Minister of Kazakhstan|Prime Ministers of]] [[Kazakhstan]] |titlestyle = background:lightsteelblue; |groupstyle = background:lightsteelblue; |belowstyle = background:lightsteelblue; |group1 = <center>[[Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic|Kyrgyz ASSR]]</center> |list1 = [[Image:Flag of Russian SFSR.svg|75px|right]] [[Viktor Radus-Zenkovich]] {{·}} [[Mukhamedkhafiy Murzagaliyev]] {{·}} [[Saken Seyfullin]] {{·}} [[Nygmet Nurmakov]] |group2 = <center>[[Kazak Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic|Kazakh ASSR]]</center> |list2 = [[Image:Flag of Russian SFSR.svg|75px|right]] [[Nygmet Nurmakov]] {{·w}} [[Uraz Isayev]] |group3 = <center>[[Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic]] </center> |list3 = [[Image:Flag of Kazakh SSR.svg|75px|right]] [[Uraz Isayev]] {{·}} [[Ibragim Tazhiyev]] {{·}}[[Nurtas Undasynov]] {{·}}[[Elubay Taibekov]] {{·}}[[Dinmukhamed Konayev]] {{·}}[[Zhumabek Tashenev]] {{·}}[[Salken Daulenov]] {{·}}[[Masymkhan Beysembayev]] {{·}} [[Dinmukhamed Konayev]] {{·}}[[Masymkhan Beysembayev]]{{·}}[[Bayken Ashimov]] {{·}}[[Nursultan Nazarbayev]] {{·}} [[Uzakbay Karamanov]] |group4 = <center>[[Kazakhstan]]</center> |list4 = [[Image:Flag of Kazakhstan.svg|75px|right]] [[Sergey Tereshchenko]] {{·}} [[Akezhan Kazhegeldin]] {{·}} [[Nurlan Balgimbayev]] {{·}} [[Kassym-Jomart Tokayev]] {{·}} [[Imangali Tasmagambetov]] {{·}} [[Daniyal Akhmetov]] {{·}} [[Karim Massimov]] }}<noinclude> [[Category:Kazakhstan politics and government templates|Prime Ministers]] [[Category:Asia political leader templates|Kazakhstan]] [[Category:Europe political leader templates|Kazakhstan]] [[de:Vorlage:Navigationsleiste Premierminister Kasachstans]] [[ko:틀:카자흐스탄의 총리]] </noinclude> tbnrhz6vcjjno98m5tnxywqr3np3bqm 696505 696504 2012-02-16T23:04:29Z WOSlinker 3423 use listclass = hlist in navbox as per [[WP:HLIST]] 696505 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox |name = Prime Ministers of Kazakhstan |title = [[Prime Minister of Kazakhstan|Prime Ministers of]] [[Kazakhstan]] |listclass = hlist |titlestyle = background:lightsteelblue; |groupstyle = background:lightsteelblue;text-align:center; |belowstyle = background:lightsteelblue; |group1 = [[Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic|Kyrgyz ASSR]] |list1 = [[Image:Flag of Russian SFSR.svg|75px|right]] * [[Viktor Radus-Zenkovich]] * [[Mukhamedkhafiy Murzagaliyev]] * [[Saken Seyfullin]] * [[Nygmet Nurmakov]] |group2 = [[Kazak Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic|Kazakh ASSR]] |list2 = [[Image:Flag of Russian SFSR.svg|75px|right]] * [[Nygmet Nurmakov]] * [[Uraz Isayev]] |group3 = [[Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic]] |list3 = [[Image:Flag of Kazakh SSR.svg|75px|right]] * [[Uraz Isayev]] * [[Ibragim Tazhiyev]] * [[Nurtas Undasynov]] * [[Elubay Taibekov]] * [[Dinmukhamed Konayev]] * [[Zhumabek Tashenev]] * [[Salken Daulenov]] * [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]] * [[Dinmukhamed Konayev]] * [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]] * [[Bayken Ashimov]] * [[Nursultan Nazarbayev]] * [[Uzakbay Karamanov]] |group4 = [[Kazakhstan]] |list4 = [[Image:Flag of Kazakhstan.svg|75px|right]] * [[Sergey Tereshchenko]] * [[Akezhan Kazhegeldin]] * [[Nurlan Balgimbayev]] * [[Kassym-Jomart Tokayev]] * [[Imangali Tasmagambetov]] * [[Daniyal Akhmetov]] * [[Karim Massimov]] }}<noinclude> [[Category:Kazakhstan politics and government templates|Prime Ministers]] [[Category:Asia political leader templates|Kazakhstan]] [[Category:Europe political leader templates|Kazakhstan]] [[de:Vorlage:Navigationsleiste Premierminister Kasachstans]] [[ko:틀:카자흐스탄의 총리]] </noinclude> hsqh70xvgtyttpkfew7ovf7ehoxcv4f 696506 696505 2012-09-24T17:09:57Z KDL527 65125 696506 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox |name = Prime Ministers of Kazakhstan |title = [[Prime Minister of Kazakhstan|Prime Ministers of]] [[Kazakhstan]] |listclass = hlist |titlestyle = background:lightsteelblue; |groupstyle = background:lightsteelblue;text-align:center; |belowstyle = background:lightsteelblue; |group1 = [[Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic|Kyrgyz ASSR]] |list1 = [[Image:Flag of Russian SFSR.svg|75px|right]] * [[Viktor Radus-Zenkovich]] * [[Mukhamedkhafiy Murzagaliyev]] * [[Saken Seyfullin]] * [[Nygmet Nurmakov]] |group2 = [[Kazak Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic|Kazakh ASSR]] |list2 = [[Image:Flag of Russian SFSR.svg|75px|right]] * [[Nygmet Nurmakov]] * [[Uraz Isayev]] |group3 = [[Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic]] |list3 = [[Image:Flag of Kazakh SSR.svg|75px|right]] * [[Uraz Isayev]] * [[Ibragim Tazhiyev]] * [[Nurtas Undasynov]] * [[Elubay Taibekov]] * [[Dinmukhamed Konayev]] * [[Zhumabek Tashenev]] * [[Salken Daulenov]] * [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]] * [[Dinmukhamed Konayev]] * [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]] * [[Bayken Ashimov]] * [[Nursultan Nazarbayev]] * [[Uzakbay Karamanov]] |group4 = [[Kazakhstan]] |list4 = [[Image:Flag of Kazakhstan.svg|75px|right]] * [[Sergey Tereshchenko]] * [[Akezhan Kazhegeldin]] * [[Nurlan Balgimbayev]] * [[Kassym-Jomart Tokayev]] * [[Imangali Tasmagambetov]] * [[Daniyal Akhmetov]] * [[Karim Massimov]] * [[Serik Akhmetov]] }}<noinclude> [[Category:Kazakhstan politics and government templates|Prime Ministers]] [[Category:Asia political leader templates|Kazakhstan]] [[Category:Europe political leader templates|Kazakhstan]] [[de:Vorlage:Navigationsleiste Premierminister Kasachstans]] [[ko:틀:카자흐스탄의 총리]] </noinclude> 2qjz0ydzf2wtmwwv3sw2hwdguma7eb7 696507 696506 2012-10-01T06:20:40Z Therequiembellishere 41985 696507 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox |name = Prime Ministers of Kazakhstan |title = [[Prime Minister of Kazakhstan|Prime Ministers of]] [[Kazakhstan]] |state = collapsed |listclass = hlist |titlestyle = background:lightsteelblue; |groupstyle = background:lightsteelblue;text-align:center; |belowstyle = background:lightsteelblue; |group1 = [[Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic|Kyrgyz ASSR]] |list1 = [[Image:Flag of Russian SFSR.svg|75px|right]] * [[Viktor Radus-Zenkovich]] * [[Mukhamedkhafiy Murzagaliyev]] * [[Saken Seyfullin]] * [[Nygmet Nurmakov]] |group2 = [[Kazak Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic|Kazakh ASSR]] |list2 = [[Image:Flag of Russian SFSR.svg|75px|right]] * [[Nygmet Nurmakov]] * [[Uraz Isayev]] |group3 = [[Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic]] |list3 = [[Image:Flag of Kazakh SSR.svg|75px|right]] * [[Uraz Isayev]] * [[Ibragim Tazhiyev]] * [[Nurtas Undasynov]] * [[Elubay Taibekov]] * [[Dinmukhamed Konayev]] * [[Zhumabek Tashenev]] * [[Salken Daulenov]] * [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]] * [[Dinmukhamed Konayev]] * [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]] * [[Bayken Ashimov]] * [[Nursultan Nazarbayev]] * [[Uzakbay Karamanov]] |group4 = [[Kazakhstan]] |list4 = [[Image:Flag of Kazakhstan.svg|75px|right]] * [[Sergey Tereshchenko]] * [[Akezhan Kazhegeldin]] * [[Nurlan Balgimbayev]] * [[Kassym-Jomart Tokayev]] * [[Imangali Tasmagambetov]] * [[Daniyal Akhmetov]] * [[Karim Massimov]] * [[Serik Akhmetov]] }}<noinclude> [[Category:Kazakhstan politics and government templates|Prime Ministers]] [[Category:Asia political leader templates|Kazakhstan]] [[Category:Europe political leader templates|Kazakhstan]] [[de:Vorlage:Navigationsleiste Premierminister Kasachstans]] [[ko:틀:카자흐스탄의 총리]] </noinclude> 19t5bneay9epk2ihfn1wyd62vwha96u 696508 696507 2012-10-04T08:28:23Z (:Julien:) 19419 696508 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox |name = Prime Ministers of Kazakhstan |title = [[Prime Minister of Kazakhstan|Prime Ministers of]] [[Kazakhstan]] |state = collapsed |listclass = hlist |titlestyle = background:lightsteelblue; |groupstyle = background:lightsteelblue;text-align:center; |belowstyle = background:lightsteelblue; |group1 = [[Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic|Kyrgyz ASSR]] |list1 = [[Image:Flag of Russian SFSR.svg|75px|right]] * [[Viktor Radus-Zenkovich]] * [[Mukhamedkhafiy Murzagaliyev]] * [[Saken Seyfullin]] * [[Nygmet Nurmakov]] |group2 = [[Kazak Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic|Kazakh ASSR]] |list2 = [[Image:Flag of Russian SFSR.svg|75px|right]] * [[Nygmet Nurmakov]] * [[Uraz Isayev]] |group3 = [[Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic]] |list3 = [[Image:Flag of Kazakh SSR.svg|75px|right]] * [[Uraz Isayev]] * [[Ibragim Tazhiyev]] * [[Nurtas Undasynov]] * [[Elubay Taibekov]] * [[Dinmukhamed Konayev]] * [[Zhumabek Tashenev]] * [[Salken Daulenov]] * [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]] * [[Dinmukhamed Konayev]] * [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]] * [[Bayken Ashimov]] * [[Nursultan Nazarbayev]] * [[Uzakbay Karamanov]] |group4 = [[Kazakhstan]] |list4 = [[Image:Flag of Kazakhstan.svg|75px|right]] * [[Sergey Tereshchenko]] * [[Akezhan Kazhegeldin]] * [[Nurlan Balgimbayev]] * [[Kassym-Jomart Tokayev]] * [[Imangali Tasmagambetov]] * [[Daniyal Akhmetov]] * [[Karim Massimov]] * [[Serik Akhmetov]] }}<noinclude> [[Category:Kazakhstan politics and government templates|Prime Ministers]] [[Category:Asia political leader templates|Kazakhstan]] [[Category:Europe political leader templates|Kazakhstan]] [[de:Vorlage:Navigationsleiste Premierminister Kasachstans]] [[fr:Modèle:Palette Chefs de gouvernement du Kazakhstan]] [[ko:틀:카자흐스탄의 총리]] </noinclude> d0dtmkez0i5vh9g48s7t0kgvmg81xl8 696509 696508 2012-11-23T18:22:15Z Türk Süvarisi 14667 696509 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox |name = Prime Ministers of Kazakhstan |title = [[Prime Minister of Kazakhstan|Prime Ministers of]] [[Kazakhstan]] |state = collapsed |listclass = hlist |titlestyle = background:lightsteelblue; |groupstyle = background:lightsteelblue;text-align:center; |belowstyle = background:lightsteelblue; |group1 = [[Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic|Kyrgyz ASSR]] |list1 = [[Image:Flag of Russian SFSR.svg|75px|right]] * [[Viktor Radus-Zenkovich]] * [[Mukhamedkhafiy Murzagaliyev]] * [[Saken Seyfullin]] * [[Nygmet Nurmakov]] |group2 = [[Kazak Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic|Kazakh ASSR]] |list2 = [[Image:Flag of Russian SFSR.svg|75px|right]] * [[Nygmet Nurmakov]] * [[Uraz Isayev]] |group3 = [[Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic]] |list3 = [[Image:Flag of Kazakh SSR.svg|75px|right]] * [[Uraz Isayev]] * [[Ibragim Tazhiyev]] * [[Nurtas Undasynov]] * [[Elubay Taibekov]] * [[Dinmukhamed Konayev]] * [[Zhumabek Tashenev]] * [[Salken Daulenov]] * [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]] * [[Dinmukhamed Konayev]] * [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]] * [[Bayken Ashimov]] * [[Nursultan Nazarbayev]] * [[Uzakbay Karamanov]] |group4 = [[Kazakhstan]] |list4 = [[Image:Flag of Kazakhstan.svg|75px|right]] * [[Sergey Tereshchenko]] * [[Akezhan Kazhegeldin]] * [[Nurlan Balgimbayev]] * [[Kassym-Jomart Tokayev]] * [[Imangali Tasmagambetov]] * [[Daniyal Akhmetov]] * [[Karim Massimov]] * [[Serik Akhmetov]] }}<noinclude> [[Category:Kazakhstan politics and government templates|Prime Ministers]] [[Category:Asia political leader templates|Kazakhstan]] [[Category:Europe political leader templates|Kazakhstan]] [[de:Vorlage:Navigationsleiste Premierminister Kasachstans]] [[fr:Modèle:Palette Chefs de gouvernement du Kazakhstan]] [[ko:틀:카자흐스탄의 총리]] [[tr:Şablon:Kazakistan başbakanları]] </noinclude> 8yxyhh6mms2344etcdez8cjld049l1q 696510 696509 2012-12-08T09:12:34Z Cydebot 6043 Robot - Moving category Europe political leader templates to [[:Category:Europe political leader navigational boxes]] per [[WP:CFD|CFD]] at [[Wikipedia:Categories for discussion/Log/2012 December 5]]. 696510 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox |name = Prime Ministers of Kazakhstan |title = [[Prime Minister of Kazakhstan|Prime Ministers of]] [[Kazakhstan]] |state = collapsed |listclass = hlist |titlestyle = background:lightsteelblue; |groupstyle = background:lightsteelblue;text-align:center; |belowstyle = background:lightsteelblue; |group1 = [[Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic|Kyrgyz ASSR]] |list1 = [[Image:Flag of Russian SFSR.svg|75px|right]] * [[Viktor Radus-Zenkovich]] * [[Mukhamedkhafiy Murzagaliyev]] * [[Saken Seyfullin]] * [[Nygmet Nurmakov]] |group2 = [[Kazak Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic|Kazakh ASSR]] |list2 = [[Image:Flag of Russian SFSR.svg|75px|right]] * [[Nygmet Nurmakov]] * [[Uraz Isayev]] |group3 = [[Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic]] |list3 = [[Image:Flag of Kazakh SSR.svg|75px|right]] * [[Uraz Isayev]] * [[Ibragim Tazhiyev]] * [[Nurtas Undasynov]] * [[Elubay Taibekov]] * [[Dinmukhamed Konayev]] * [[Zhumabek Tashenev]] * [[Salken Daulenov]] * [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]] * [[Dinmukhamed Konayev]] * [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]] * [[Bayken Ashimov]] * [[Nursultan Nazarbayev]] * [[Uzakbay Karamanov]] |group4 = [[Kazakhstan]] |list4 = [[Image:Flag of Kazakhstan.svg|75px|right]] * [[Sergey Tereshchenko]] * [[Akezhan Kazhegeldin]] * [[Nurlan Balgimbayev]] * [[Kassym-Jomart Tokayev]] * [[Imangali Tasmagambetov]] * [[Daniyal Akhmetov]] * [[Karim Massimov]] * [[Serik Akhmetov]] }}<noinclude> [[Category:Kazakhstan politics and government templates|Prime Ministers]] [[Category:Asia political leader templates|Kazakhstan]] [[Category:Europe political leader navigational boxes|Kazakhstan]] [[de:Vorlage:Navigationsleiste Premierminister Kasachstans]] [[fr:Modèle:Palette Chefs de gouvernement du Kazakhstan]] [[ko:틀:카자흐스탄의 총리]] [[tr:Şablon:Kazakistan başbakanları]] </noinclude> szqp7x2adt6ynbz6kxkr2ug0ogip2n0 696511 696510 2012-12-16T02:16:08Z TonyTheTiger 47265 adding {{collapsible option}} and/or {{{state}}} 696511 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox |name = Prime Ministers of Kazakhstan |title = [[Prime Minister of Kazakhstan|Prime Ministers of]] [[Kazakhstan]] |state = {{{state<includeonly>|collapsed</includeonly>}}} |listclass = hlist |titlestyle = background:lightsteelblue; |groupstyle = background:lightsteelblue;text-align:center; |belowstyle = background:lightsteelblue; |group1 = [[Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic|Kyrgyz ASSR]] |list1 = [[Image:Flag of Russian SFSR.svg|75px|right]] * [[Viktor Radus-Zenkovich]] * [[Mukhamedkhafiy Murzagaliyev]] * [[Saken Seyfullin]] * [[Nygmet Nurmakov]] |group2 = [[Kazak Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic|Kazakh ASSR]] |list2 = [[Image:Flag of Russian SFSR.svg|75px|right]] * [[Nygmet Nurmakov]] * [[Uraz Isayev]] |group3 = [[Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic]] |list3 = [[Image:Flag of Kazakh SSR.svg|75px|right]] * [[Uraz Isayev]] * [[Ibragim Tazhiyev]] * [[Nurtas Undasynov]] * [[Elubay Taibekov]] * [[Dinmukhamed Konayev]] * [[Zhumabek Tashenev]] * [[Salken Daulenov]] * [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]] * [[Dinmukhamed Konayev]] * [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]] * [[Bayken Ashimov]] * [[Nursultan Nazarbayev]] * [[Uzakbay Karamanov]] |group4 = [[Kazakhstan]] |list4 = [[Image:Flag of Kazakhstan.svg|75px|right]] * [[Sergey Tereshchenko]] * [[Akezhan Kazhegeldin]] * [[Nurlan Balgimbayev]] * [[Kassym-Jomart Tokayev]] * [[Imangali Tasmagambetov]] * [[Daniyal Akhmetov]] * [[Karim Massimov]] * [[Serik Akhmetov]] }}<noinclude> {{collapsible option}} [[Category:Kazakhstan politics and government templates|Prime Ministers]] [[Category:Asia political leader templates|Kazakhstan]] [[Category:Europe political leader navigational boxes|Kazakhstan]] [[de:Vorlage:Navigationsleiste Premierminister Kasachstans]] [[fr:Modèle:Palette Chefs de gouvernement du Kazakhstan]] [[ko:틀:카자흐스탄의 총리]] [[tr:Şablon:Kazakistan başbakanları]] </noinclude> jjba670x8yqjxk6p93adakjn2ryvv4f 696512 696511 2012-12-31T03:52:16Z Cydebot 6043 Robot - Moving category Asia political leader templates to [[:Category:Asia political leader navigational boxes]] per [[WP:CFD|CFD]] at [[Wikipedia:Categories for discussion/Log/2012 December 9]]. 696512 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox |name = Prime Ministers of Kazakhstan |title = [[Prime Minister of Kazakhstan|Prime Ministers of]] [[Kazakhstan]] |state = {{{state<includeonly>|collapsed</includeonly>}}} |listclass = hlist |titlestyle = background:lightsteelblue; |groupstyle = background:lightsteelblue;text-align:center; |belowstyle = background:lightsteelblue; |group1 = [[Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic|Kyrgyz ASSR]] |list1 = [[Image:Flag of Russian SFSR.svg|75px|right]] * [[Viktor Radus-Zenkovich]] * [[Mukhamedkhafiy Murzagaliyev]] * [[Saken Seyfullin]] * [[Nygmet Nurmakov]] |group2 = [[Kazak Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic|Kazakh ASSR]] |list2 = [[Image:Flag of Russian SFSR.svg|75px|right]] * [[Nygmet Nurmakov]] * [[Uraz Isayev]] |group3 = [[Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic]] |list3 = [[Image:Flag of Kazakh SSR.svg|75px|right]] * [[Uraz Isayev]] * [[Ibragim Tazhiyev]] * [[Nurtas Undasynov]] * [[Elubay Taibekov]] * [[Dinmukhamed Konayev]] * [[Zhumabek Tashenev]] * [[Salken Daulenov]] * [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]] * [[Dinmukhamed Konayev]] * [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]] * [[Bayken Ashimov]] * [[Nursultan Nazarbayev]] * [[Uzakbay Karamanov]] |group4 = [[Kazakhstan]] |list4 = [[Image:Flag of Kazakhstan.svg|75px|right]] * [[Sergey Tereshchenko]] * [[Akezhan Kazhegeldin]] * [[Nurlan Balgimbayev]] * [[Kassym-Jomart Tokayev]] * [[Imangali Tasmagambetov]] * [[Daniyal Akhmetov]] * [[Karim Massimov]] * [[Serik Akhmetov]] }}<noinclude> {{collapsible option}} [[Category:Kazakhstan politics and government templates|Prime Ministers]] [[Category:Asia political leader navigational boxes|Kazakhstan]] [[Category:Europe political leader navigational boxes|Kazakhstan]] [[de:Vorlage:Navigationsleiste Premierminister Kasachstans]] [[fr:Modèle:Palette Chefs de gouvernement du Kazakhstan]] [[ko:틀:카자흐스탄의 총리]] [[tr:Şablon:Kazakistan başbakanları]] </noinclude> sgwheotof8v4p56h9px64t5ejc2fqc9 696513 696512 2013-07-22T18:10:04Z Nouill 7989 696513 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox |name = Prime Ministers of Kazakhstan |title = [[Prime Minister of Kazakhstan|Prime Ministers of]] [[Kazakhstan]] |state = {{{state<includeonly>|collapsed</includeonly>}}} |listclass = hlist |titlestyle = background:lightsteelblue; |groupstyle = background:lightsteelblue;text-align:center; |belowstyle = background:lightsteelblue; |group1 = [[Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic|Kyrgyz ASSR]] |list1 = [[Image:Flag of Russian SFSR.svg|75px|right]] * [[Viktor Radus-Zenkovich]] * [[Mukhamedkhafiy Murzagaliyev]] * [[Saken Seyfullin]] * [[Nygmet Nurmakov]] |group2 = [[Kazak Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic|Kazakh ASSR]] |list2 = [[Image:Flag of Russian SFSR.svg|75px|right]] * [[Nygmet Nurmakov]] * [[Uraz Isayev]] |group3 = [[Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic]] |list3 = [[Image:Flag of Kazakh SSR.svg|75px|right]] * [[Uraz Isayev]] * [[Ibragim Tazhiyev]] * [[Nurtas Undasynov]] * [[Elubay Taibekov]] * [[Dinmukhamed Konayev]] * [[Zhumabek Tashenev]] * [[Salken Daulenov]] * [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]] * [[Dinmukhamed Konayev]] * [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]] * [[Bayken Ashimov]] * [[Nursultan Nazarbayev]] * [[Uzakbay Karamanov]] |group4 = [[Kazakhstan]] |list4 = [[Image:Flag of Kazakhstan.svg|75px|right]] * [[Sergey Tereshchenko]] * [[Akezhan Kazhegeldin]] * [[Nurlan Balgimbayev]] * [[Kassym-Jomart Tokayev]] * [[Imangali Tasmagambetov]] * [[Daniyal Akhmetov]] * [[Karim Massimov]] * [[Serik Akhmetov]] }}<noinclude> {{collapsible option}} [[Category:Kazakhstan politics and government templates|Prime Ministers]] [[Category:Asia political leader navigational boxes|Kazakhstan]] [[Category:Europe political leader navigational boxes|Kazakhstan]] </noinclude> jggkmb37dh5samv220al56dkem95vg2 696514 696513 2014-04-02T18:01:49Z 178.124.200.148 696514 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox |name = Prime Ministers of Kazakhstan |title = [[Prime Minister of Kazakhstan|Prime Ministers of]] [[Kazakhstan]] |state = {{{state<includeonly>|collapsed</includeonly>}}} |listclass = hlist |titlestyle = background:lightsteelblue; |groupstyle = background:lightsteelblue;text-align:center; |belowstyle = background:lightsteelblue; |group1 = [[Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic|Kyrgyz ASSR]] |list1 = [[Image:Flag of Russian SFSR.svg|75px|right]] * [[Viktor Radus-Zenkovich]] * [[Mukhamedkhafiy Murzagaliyev]] * [[Saken Seyfullin]] * [[Nygmet Nurmakov]] |group2 = [[Kazak Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic|Kazakh ASSR]] |list2 = [[Image:Flag of Russian SFSR.svg|75px|right]] * [[Nygmet Nurmakov]] * [[Uraz Isayev]] |group3 = [[Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic]] |list3 = [[Image:Flag of Kazakh SSR.svg|75px|right]] * [[Uraz Isayev]] * [[Ibragim Tazhiyev]] * [[Nurtas Undasynov]] * [[Elubay Taibekov]] * [[Dinmukhamed Konayev]] * [[Zhumabek Tashenev]] * [[Salken Daulenov]] * [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]] * [[Dinmukhamed Konayev]] * [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]] * [[Bayken Ashimov]] * [[Nursultan Nazarbayev]] * [[Uzakbay Karamanov]] |group4 = [[Kazakhstan]] |list4 = [[Image:Flag of Kazakhstan.svg|75px|right]] * [[Sergey Tereshchenko]] * [[Akezhan Kazhegeldin]] * [[Nurlan Balgimbayev]] * [[Kassym-Jomart Tokayev]] * [[Imangali Tasmagambetov]] * [[Daniyal Akhmetov]] * [[Karim Massimov]] * [[Serik Akhmetov]] * [[Karim Massimov|Massimov]] }}<noinclude> {{collapsible option}} [[Category:Kazakhstan politics and government templates|Prime Ministers]] [[Category:Asia political leader navigational boxes|Kazakhstan]] [[Category:Europe political leader navigational boxes|Kazakhstan]] </noinclude> ci50tscktoedea1egidw164k9ves0v5 696515 696514 2014-04-05T02:03:24Z Therequiembellishere 41985 696515 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox |name = Prime Ministers of Kazakhstan |title = [[Prime Minister of Kazakhstan|Prime Ministers of]] [[Kazakhstan]] |state = {{{state<includeonly>|collapsed</includeonly>}}} |listclass = hlist |titlestyle = background:lightsteelblue; |groupstyle = background:lightsteelblue;text-align:center; |belowstyle = background:lightsteelblue; |group1 = [[Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic|Kyrgyz ASSR]] |list1 = [[Image:Flag of Russian SFSR.svg|75px|right]] * [[Viktor Radus-Zenkovich]] * [[Mukhamedkhafiy Murzagaliyev]] * [[Saken Seyfullin]] * [[Nygmet Nurmakov]] |group2 = [[Kazak Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic|Kazakh ASSR]] |list2 = [[Image:Flag of Russian SFSR.svg|75px|right]] * [[Nygmet Nurmakov]] * [[Uraz Isayev]] |group3 = [[Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic]] |list3 = [[Image:Flag of Kazakh SSR.svg|75px|right]] * [[Uraz Isayev]] * [[Ibragim Tazhiyev]] * [[Nurtas Undasynov]] * [[Elubay Taibekov]] * [[Dinmukhamed Konayev]] * [[Zhumabek Tashenev]] * [[Salken Daulenov]] * [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]] * [[Dinmukhamed Konayev]] * [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]] * [[Bayken Ashimov]] * [[Nursultan Nazarbayev]] * [[Uzakbay Karamanov]] |group4 = [[Kazakhstan]] |list4 = [[Image:Flag of Kazakhstan.svg|75px|right]] * [[Sergey Tereshchenko]] * [[Akezhan Kazhegeldin]] * [[Nurlan Balgimbayev]] * [[Kassym-Jomart Tokayev]] * [[Imangali Tasmagambetov]] * [[Daniyal Akhmetov]] * [[Karim Massimov]] * [[Serik Akhmetov]] * [[Karim Massimov]] }}<noinclude> {{collapsible option}} [[Category:Kazakhstan politics and government templates|Prime Ministers]] [[Category:Asia political leader navigational boxes|Kazakhstan]] [[Category:Europe political leader navigational boxes|Kazakhstan]] </noinclude> 74tafh39azcak6vs3uheh3xtjpad455 696516 696515 2015-02-02T18:53:57Z ChelseaFunNumberOne 65126 696516 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox |name = Prime Ministers of Kazakhstan |title = [[Prime Minister of Kazakhstan|Prime Ministers of]] [[Kazakhstan]] |state = {{{state<includeonly>|collapsed</includeonly>}}} |listclass = hlist |titlestyle = background:lightsteelblue; |groupstyle = background:lightsteelblue;text-align:center; |belowstyle = background:lightsteelblue; |group1 = [[Alash Autonomy]] |list1 = [[Image:Flag of the Alash Autonomy.svg|75px|right]] * [[Alikhan Bukeikhanov]] |group2 = [[Kirghiz Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic|Kirghiz ASSR]] |list2 = [[Image:Kirgiz assr.gif|75px|right]] * [[Viktor Radus-Zenkovich]] * [[Mukhamedkhafiy Murzagaliyev]] * [[Saken Seyfullin]] * [[Nygmet Nurmakov]] |group3 = [[Kazakh Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic|Kazakh ASSR]] |list3 = [[Image:Kazak 1920.jpg|75px|right]] * [[Nygmet Nurmakov]] * [[Uraz Isayev]] |group4 = [[Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic]] |list4 = [[Image:Flag of Kazakh SSR.svg|75px|right]] * [[Uraz Isayev]] * [[Ibragim Tazhiyev]] * [[Nurtas Undasynov]] * [[Elubay Taibekov]] * [[Dinmukhamed Konayev]] * [[Zhumabek Tashenev]] * [[Salken Daulenov]] * [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]] * [[Dinmukhamed Konayev]] * [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]] * [[Bayken Ashimov]] * [[Nursultan Nazarbayev]] * [[Uzakbay Karamanov]] |group5 = [[Kazakhstan]] |list5 = [[Image:Flag of Kazakhstan.svg|75px|right]] * [[Sergey Tereshchenko]] * [[Akezhan Kazhegeldin]] * [[Nurlan Balgimbayev]] * [[Kassym-Jomart Tokayev]] * [[Imangali Tasmagambetov]] * [[Daniyal Akhmetov]] * [[Karim Massimov]] * [[Serik Akhmetov]] * [[Karim Massimov]] }}<noinclude> {{collapsible option}} [[Category:Kazakhstan politics and government templates|Prime Ministers]] [[Category:Asia political leader navigational boxes|Kazakhstan]] [[Category:Europe political leader navigational boxes|Kazakhstan]] </noinclude> rdydibv1q4h6me4pmo77krq2ycaeaem 696517 696516 2015-02-03T07:56:48Z ChelseaFunNumberOne 65126 696517 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox |name = Prime Ministers of Kazakhstan |title = [[Prime Minister of Kazakhstan|Prime Ministers of]] [[Kazakhstan]] |state = {{{state<includeonly>|collapsed</includeonly>}}} |listclass = hlist |titlestyle = background:lightsteelblue; |groupstyle = background:lightsteelblue;text-align:center; |belowstyle = background:lightsteelblue; |group1 = [[Alash Autonomy]] |list1 = [[Image:Flag of the Alash Autonomy.svg|75px|right]] * [[Alikhan Bukeikhanov]] |group2 = [[Kirghiz Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic|Kirghiz ASSR]] |list2 = [[Image:Kirgiz assr.gif|75px|right]] * [[Viktor Radus-Zenkovich]] * [[Mukhamedkhafiy Murzagaliyev]] * [[Saken Seyfullin]] * [[Nygmet Nurmakov]] |group3 = [[Kazakh Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic|Kazakh ASSR]] |list3 = [[Image:Kazak 1920.jpg|75px|right]] * [[Nygmet Nurmakov]] * [[Uraz Isayev]] |group4 = [[Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic|Kazakh SSR]] |list4 = [[Image:Flag of Kazakh SSR.svg|75px|right]] * [[Uraz Isayev]] * [[Ibragim Tazhiyev]] * [[Nurtas Undasynov]] * [[Elubay Taibekov]] * [[Dinmukhamed Konayev]] * [[Zhumabek Tashenev]] * [[Salken Daulenov]] * [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]] * [[Dinmukhamed Konayev]] * [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]] * [[Bayken Ashimov]] * [[Nursultan Nazarbayev]] * [[Uzakbay Karamanov]] |group5 = [[Kazakhstan]] |list5 = [[Image:Flag of Kazakhstan.svg|75px|right]] * [[Sergey Tereshchenko]] * [[Akezhan Kazhegeldin]] * [[Nurlan Balgimbayev]] * [[Kassym-Jomart Tokayev]] * [[Imangali Tasmagambetov]] * [[Daniyal Akhmetov]] * [[Karim Massimov]] * [[Serik Akhmetov]] * [[Karim Massimov]] }}<noinclude> {{collapsible option}} [[Category:Kazakhstan politics and government templates|Prime Ministers]] [[Category:Asia political leader navigational boxes|Kazakhstan]] [[Category:Europe political leader navigational boxes|Kazakhstan]] </noinclude> al1rct4fqi6bg61utaumvodqpy725xl 696518 696517 2015-02-05T01:30:24Z Niceguyedc 43898 [[:en:WP:CLEANER|WPCleaner]] v1.34 - Repaired 1 link to disambiguation page - [[WP:DPL|(You can help)]] - [[Kirghiz Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic]] 696518 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox |name = Prime Ministers of Kazakhstan |title = [[Prime Minister of Kazakhstan|Prime Ministers of]] [[Kazakhstan]] |state = {{{state<includeonly>|collapsed</includeonly>}}} |listclass = hlist |titlestyle = background:lightsteelblue; |groupstyle = background:lightsteelblue;text-align:center; |belowstyle = background:lightsteelblue; |group1 = [[Alash Autonomy]] |list1 = [[Image:Flag of the Alash Autonomy.svg|75px|right]] * [[Alikhan Bukeikhanov]] |group2 = [[Kirghiz Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic (1920–1925)|Kirghiz ASSR]] |list2 = [[Image:Kirgiz assr.gif|75px|right]] * [[Viktor Radus-Zenkovich]] * [[Mukhamedkhafiy Murzagaliyev]] * [[Saken Seyfullin]] * [[Nygmet Nurmakov]] |group3 = [[Kazakh Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic|Kazakh ASSR]] |list3 = [[Image:Kazak 1920.jpg|75px|right]] * [[Nygmet Nurmakov]] * [[Uraz Isayev]] |group4 = [[Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic|Kazakh SSR]] |list4 = [[Image:Flag of Kazakh SSR.svg|75px|right]] * [[Uraz Isayev]] * [[Ibragim Tazhiyev]] * [[Nurtas Undasynov]] * [[Elubay Taibekov]] * [[Dinmukhamed Konayev]] * [[Zhumabek Tashenev]] * [[Salken Daulenov]] * [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]] * [[Dinmukhamed Konayev]] * [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]] * [[Bayken Ashimov]] * [[Nursultan Nazarbayev]] * [[Uzakbay Karamanov]] |group5 = [[Kazakhstan]] |list5 = [[Image:Flag of Kazakhstan.svg|75px|right]] * [[Sergey Tereshchenko]] * [[Akezhan Kazhegeldin]] * [[Nurlan Balgimbayev]] * [[Kassym-Jomart Tokayev]] * [[Imangali Tasmagambetov]] * [[Daniyal Akhmetov]] * [[Karim Massimov]] * [[Serik Akhmetov]] * [[Karim Massimov]] }}<noinclude> {{collapsible option}} [[Category:Kazakhstan politics and government templates|Prime Ministers]] [[Category:Asia political leader navigational boxes|Kazakhstan]] [[Category:Europe political leader navigational boxes|Kazakhstan]] </noinclude> 045r925y5rci9glt70cm4b0hxymlwvf 696519 696518 2015-12-04T13:17:11Z CommonsDelinker 87 Replacing Flag_of_Kazakh_SSR.svg with [[File:Flag_of_the_Kazakh_SSR.svg]] (by [[commons:User:CommonsDelinker|CommonsDelinker]] because: [[:commons:COM:FR|File renamed]]: standardizin'). 696519 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox |name = Prime Ministers of Kazakhstan |title = [[Prime Minister of Kazakhstan|Prime Ministers of]] [[Kazakhstan]] |state = {{{state<includeonly>|collapsed</includeonly>}}} |listclass = hlist |titlestyle = background:lightsteelblue; |groupstyle = background:lightsteelblue;text-align:center; |belowstyle = background:lightsteelblue; |group1 = [[Alash Autonomy]] |list1 = [[Image:Flag of the Alash Autonomy.svg|75px|right]] * [[Alikhan Bukeikhanov]] |group2 = [[Kirghiz Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic (1920–1925)|Kirghiz ASSR]] |list2 = [[Image:Kirgiz assr.gif|75px|right]] * [[Viktor Radus-Zenkovich]] * [[Mukhamedkhafiy Murzagaliyev]] * [[Saken Seyfullin]] * [[Nygmet Nurmakov]] |group3 = [[Kazakh Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic|Kazakh ASSR]] |list3 = [[Image:Kazak 1920.jpg|75px|right]] * [[Nygmet Nurmakov]] * [[Uraz Isayev]] |group4 = [[Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic|Kazakh SSR]] |list4 = [[Image:Flag of the Kazakh SSR.svg|75px|right]] * [[Uraz Isayev]] * [[Ibragim Tazhiyev]] * [[Nurtas Undasynov]] * [[Elubay Taibekov]] * [[Dinmukhamed Konayev]] * [[Zhumabek Tashenev]] * [[Salken Daulenov]] * [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]] * [[Dinmukhamed Konayev]] * [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]] * [[Bayken Ashimov]] * [[Nursultan Nazarbayev]] * [[Uzakbay Karamanov]] |group5 = [[Kazakhstan]] |list5 = [[Image:Flag of Kazakhstan.svg|75px|right]] * [[Sergey Tereshchenko]] * [[Akezhan Kazhegeldin]] * [[Nurlan Balgimbayev]] * [[Kassym-Jomart Tokayev]] * [[Imangali Tasmagambetov]] * [[Daniyal Akhmetov]] * [[Karim Massimov]] * [[Serik Akhmetov]] * [[Karim Massimov]] }}<noinclude> {{collapsible option}} [[Category:Kazakhstan politics and government templates|Prime Ministers]] [[Category:Asia political leader navigational boxes|Kazakhstan]] [[Category:Europe political leader navigational boxes|Kazakhstan]] </noinclude> 9mpi5ft4ciq21zqvb0qfxbg18mswgci 696520 696519 2016-09-08T22:05:55Z Jwkozak91 51305 ' http://www.rferl.org/content/kazakhstan-prime-minister-sacked/27975194.html ' 696520 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox |name = Prime Ministers of Kazakhstan |title = [[Prime Minister of Kazakhstan|Prime Ministers of]] [[Kazakhstan]] |state = {{{state<includeonly>|collapsed</includeonly>}}} |listclass = hlist |titlestyle = background:lightsteelblue; |groupstyle = background:lightsteelblue;text-align:center; |belowstyle = background:lightsteelblue; |group1 = [[Alash Autonomy]] |list1 = [[Image:Flag of the Alash Autonomy.svg|75px|right]] * [[Alikhan Bukeikhanov]] |group2 = [[Kirghiz Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic (1920–1925)|Kirghiz ASSR]] |list2 = [[Image:Kirgiz assr.gif|75px|right]] * [[Viktor Radus-Zenkovich]] * [[Mukhamedkhafiy Murzagaliyev]] * [[Saken Seyfullin]] * [[Nygmet Nurmakov]] |group3 = [[Kazakh Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic|Kazakh ASSR]] |list3 = [[Image:Kazak 1920.jpg|75px|right]] * [[Nygmet Nurmakov]] * [[Uraz Isayev]] |group4 = [[Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic|Kazakh SSR]] |list4 = [[Image:Flag of the Kazakh SSR.svg|75px|right]] * [[Uraz Isayev]] * [[Ibragim Tazhiyev]] * [[Nurtas Undasynov]] * [[Elubay Taibekov]] * [[Dinmukhamed Konayev]] * [[Zhumabek Tashenev]] * [[Salken Daulenov]] * [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]] * [[Dinmukhamed Konayev]] * [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]] * [[Bayken Ashimov]] * [[Nursultan Nazarbayev]] * [[Uzakbay Karamanov]] |group5 = [[Kazakhstan]] |list5 = [[Image:Flag of Kazakhstan.svg|75px|right]] * [[Sergey Tereshchenko]] * [[Akezhan Kazhegeldin]] * [[Nurlan Balgimbayev]] * [[Kassym-Jomart Tokayev]] * [[Imangali Tasmagambetov]] * [[Daniyal Akhmetov]] * [[Karim Massimov]] * [[Serik Akhmetov]] * [[Karim Massimov]] * ''Baqytzhan Saghyntaev'' }}<noinclude> {{collapsible option}} [[Category:Kazakhstan politics and government templates|Prime Ministers]] [[Category:Asia political leader navigational boxes|Kazakhstan]] [[Category:Europe political leader navigational boxes|Kazakhstan]] </noinclude> 8ip6cv9tw3dytlqbiawvdr3swp6gnxm 696521 696520 2016-09-08T22:23:57Z Jwkozak91 51305 696521 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox |name = Prime Ministers of Kazakhstan |title = [[Prime Minister of Kazakhstan|Prime Ministers of]] [[Kazakhstan]] |state = {{{state<includeonly>|collapsed</includeonly>}}} |listclass = hlist |titlestyle = background:lightsteelblue; |groupstyle = background:lightsteelblue;text-align:center; |belowstyle = background:lightsteelblue; |group1 = [[Alash Autonomy]] |list1 = [[Image:Flag of the Alash Autonomy.svg|75px|right]] * [[Alikhan Bukeikhanov]] |group2 = [[Kirghiz Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic (1920–1925)|Kirghiz ASSR]] |list2 = [[Image:Kirgiz assr.gif|75px|right]] * [[Viktor Radus-Zenkovich]] * [[Mukhamedkhafiy Murzagaliyev]] * [[Saken Seyfullin]] * [[Nygmet Nurmakov]] |group3 = [[Kazakh Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic|Kazakh ASSR]] |list3 = [[Image:Kazak 1920.jpg|75px|right]] * [[Nygmet Nurmakov]] * [[Uraz Isayev]] |group4 = [[Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic|Kazakh SSR]] |list4 = [[Image:Flag of the Kazakh SSR.svg|75px|right]] * [[Uraz Isayev]] * [[Ibragim Tazhiyev]] * [[Nurtas Undasynov]] * [[Elubay Taibekov]] * [[Dinmukhamed Konayev]] * [[Zhumabek Tashenev]] * [[Salken Daulenov]] * [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]] * [[Dinmukhamed Konayev]] * [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]] * [[Bayken Ashimov]] * [[Nursultan Nazarbayev]] * [[Uzakbay Karamanov]] |group5 = [[Kazakhstan]] |list5 = [[Image:Flag of Kazakhstan.svg|75px|right]] * [[Sergey Tereshchenko]] * [[Akezhan Kazhegeldin]] * [[Nurlan Balgimbayev]] * [[Kassym-Jomart Tokayev]] * [[Imangali Tasmagambetov]] * [[Daniyal Akhmetov]] * [[Karim Massimov]] * [[Serik Akhmetov]] * [[Karim Massimov]] * ''Bakytzhan Sagintayev (Acting)'' }}<noinclude> {{collapsible option}} [[Category:Kazakhstan politics and government templates|Prime Ministers]] [[Category:Asia political leader navigational boxes|Kazakhstan]] [[Category:Europe political leader navigational boxes|Kazakhstan]] </noinclude> mhfc03ucluxe7blubafu54pex53zwx8 696522 696521 2016-09-10T21:05:32Z 2A02:A31A:E040:B00:9DEF:9819:9D69:2946 696522 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox |name = Prime Ministers of Kazakhstan |title = [[Prime Minister of Kazakhstan|Prime Ministers of]] [[Kazakhstan]] |state = {{{state<includeonly>|collapsed</includeonly>}}} |listclass = hlist |titlestyle = background:lightsteelblue; |groupstyle = background:lightsteelblue;text-align:center; |belowstyle = background:lightsteelblue; |group1 = [[Alash Autonomy]] |list1 = [[Image:Flag of the Alash Autonomy.svg|75px|right]] * [[Alikhan Bukeikhanov]] |group2 = [[Kirghiz Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic (1920–1925)|Kirghiz ASSR]] |list2 = [[Image:Kirgiz assr.gif|75px|right]] * [[Viktor Radus-Zenkovich]] * [[Mukhamedkhafiy Murzagaliyev]] * [[Saken Seyfullin]] * [[Nygmet Nurmakov]] |group3 = [[Kazakh Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic|Kazakh ASSR]] |list3 = [[Image:Kazak 1920.jpg|75px|right]] * [[Nygmet Nurmakov]] * [[Uraz Isayev]] |group4 = [[Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic|Kazakh SSR]] |list4 = [[Image:Flag of the Kazakh SSR.svg|75px|right]] * [[Uraz Isayev]] * [[Ibragim Tazhiyev]] * [[Nurtas Undasynov]] * [[Elubay Taibekov]] * [[Dinmukhamed Konayev]] * [[Zhumabek Tashenev]] * [[Salken Daulenov]] * [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]] * [[Dinmukhamed Konayev]] * [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]] * [[Bayken Ashimov]] * [[Nursultan Nazarbayev]] * [[Uzakbay Karamanov]] |group5 = [[Kazakhstan]] |list5 = [[Image:Flag of Kazakhstan.svg|75px|right]] * [[Sergey Tereshchenko]] * [[Akezhan Kazhegeldin]] * [[Nurlan Balgimbayev]] * [[Kassym-Jomart Tokayev]] * [[Imangali Tasmagambetov]] * [[Daniyal Akhmetov]] * [[Karim Massimov]] * [[Serik Akhmetov]] * [[Karim Massimov]] * [[Bakytzhan Sagintayev]] }}<noinclude> {{collapsible option}} [[Category:Kazakhstan politics and government templates|Prime Ministers]] [[Category:Asia political leader navigational boxes|Kazakhstan]] [[Category:Europe political leader navigational boxes|Kazakhstan]] </noinclude> 21wfqsix9aawa33hma5zc7a44v256si 696523 696522 2016-09-11T07:08:04Z Jwkozak91 51305 696523 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox |name = Prime Ministers of Kazakhstan |title = [[Prime Minister of Kazakhstan|Prime Ministers of]] [[Kazakhstan]] |state = {{{state<includeonly>|collapsed</includeonly>}}} |listclass = hlist |titlestyle = background:lightsteelblue; |groupstyle = background:lightsteelblue;text-align:center; |belowstyle = background:lightsteelblue; |group1 = [[Alash Autonomy]] |list1 = [[Image:Flag of the Alash Autonomy.svg|75px|right]] * [[Alikhan Bukeikhanov]] |group2 = [[Kirghiz Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic (1920–1925)|Kirghiz ASSR]] |list2 = [[Image:Kirgiz assr.gif|75px|right]] * [[Viktor Radus-Zenkovich]] * [[Mukhamedkhafiy Murzagaliyev]] * [[Saken Seyfullin]] * [[Nygmet Nurmakov]] |group3 = [[Kazakh Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic|Kazakh ASSR]] |list3 = [[Image:Kazak 1920.jpg|75px|right]] * [[Nygmet Nurmakov]] * [[Uraz Isayev]] |group4 = [[Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic|Kazakh SSR]] |list4 = [[Image:Flag of the Kazakh SSR.svg|75px|right]] * [[Uraz Isayev]] * [[Ibragim Tazhiyev]] * [[Nurtas Undasynov]] * [[Elubay Taibekov]] * [[Dinmukhamed Konayev]] * [[Zhumabek Tashenev]] * [[Salken Daulenov]] * [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]] * [[Dinmukhamed Konayev]] * [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]] * [[Bayken Ashimov]] * [[Nursultan Nazarbayev]] * [[Uzakbay Karamanov]] |group5 = [[Kazakhstan]] |list5 = [[Image:Flag of Kazakhstan.svg|75px|right]] * [[Sergey Tereshchenko]] * [[Akezhan Kazhegeldin]] * [[Nurlan Balgimbayev]] * [[Kassym-Jomart Tokayev]] * [[Imangali Tasmagambetov]] * [[Daniyal Akhmetov]] * [[Karim Massimov]] * [[Serik Akhmetov]] * [[Karim Massimov]] * [[Bakhytzhan Sagintayev]] }}<noinclude> {{collapsible option}} [[Category:Kazakhstan politics and government templates|Prime Ministers]] [[Category:Asia political leader navigational boxes|Kazakhstan]] [[Category:Europe political leader navigational boxes|Kazakhstan]] </noinclude> 4955kazqdebuuv81na8ut50jrl7a2iy 696524 696523 2016-11-14T22:26:20Z Andy M. Wang 14588 post-move direct link 696524 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox |name = Prime Ministers of Kazakhstan |title = [[Prime Minister of Kazakhstan|Prime Ministers of]] [[Kazakhstan]] |state = {{{state<includeonly>|collapsed</includeonly>}}} |listclass = hlist |titlestyle = background:lightsteelblue; |groupstyle = background:lightsteelblue;text-align:center; |belowstyle = background:lightsteelblue; |group1 = [[Alash Autonomy]] |list1 = [[Image:Flag of the Alash Autonomy.svg|75px|right]] * [[Alikhan Bukeikhanov]] |group2 = [[Kirghiz Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic (1920–1925)|Kirghiz ASSR]] |list2 = [[Image:Kirgiz assr.gif|75px|right]] * [[Viktor Radus-Zenkovich]] * [[Mukhamedkhafiy Murzagaliyev]] * [[Saken Seyfullin]] * [[Nygmet Nurmakov]] |group3 = [[Kazakh Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic|Kazakh ASSR]] |list3 = [[Image:Kazak 1920.jpg|75px|right]] * [[Nygmet Nurmakov]] * [[Uraz Isayev]] |group4 = [[Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic|Kazakh SSR]] |list4 = [[Image:Flag of the Kazakh SSR.svg|75px|right]] * [[Uraz Isayev]] * [[Ibragim Tazhiyev]] * [[Nurtas Undasynov]] * [[Elubay Taibekov]] * [[Dinmukhamed Kunayev]] * [[Zhumabek Tashenev]] * [[Salken Daulenov]] * [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]] * [[Dinmukhamed Konayev]] * [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]] * [[Bayken Ashimov]] * [[Nursultan Nazarbayev]] * [[Uzakbay Karamanov]] |group5 = [[Kazakhstan]] |list5 = [[Image:Flag of Kazakhstan.svg|75px|right]] * [[Sergey Tereshchenko]] * [[Akezhan Kazhegeldin]] * [[Nurlan Balgimbayev]] * [[Kassym-Jomart Tokayev]] * [[Imangali Tasmagambetov]] * [[Daniyal Akhmetov]] * [[Karim Massimov]] * [[Serik Akhmetov]] * [[Karim Massimov]] * [[Bakhytzhan Sagintayev]] }}<noinclude> {{collapsible option}} [[Category:Kazakhstan politics and government templates|Prime Ministers]] [[Category:Asia political leader navigational boxes|Kazakhstan]] [[Category:Europe political leader navigational boxes|Kazakhstan]] </noinclude> md8omnw802si1jsvu01vxad3rki6tg1 696525 696524 2016-11-14T22:28:22Z Andy M. Wang 14588 corr. another link 696525 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox |name = Prime Ministers of Kazakhstan |title = [[Prime Minister of Kazakhstan|Prime Ministers of]] [[Kazakhstan]] |state = {{{state<includeonly>|collapsed</includeonly>}}} |listclass = hlist |titlestyle = background:lightsteelblue; |groupstyle = background:lightsteelblue;text-align:center; |belowstyle = background:lightsteelblue; |group1 = [[Alash Autonomy]] |list1 = [[Image:Flag of the Alash Autonomy.svg|75px|right]] * [[Alikhan Bukeikhanov]] |group2 = [[Kirghiz Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic (1920–1925)|Kirghiz ASSR]] |list2 = [[Image:Kirgiz assr.gif|75px|right]] * [[Viktor Radus-Zenkovich]] * [[Mukhamedkhafiy Murzagaliyev]] * [[Saken Seyfullin]] * [[Nygmet Nurmakov]] |group3 = [[Kazakh Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic|Kazakh ASSR]] |list3 = [[Image:Kazak 1920.jpg|75px|right]] * [[Nygmet Nurmakov]] * [[Uraz Isayev]] |group4 = [[Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic|Kazakh SSR]] |list4 = [[Image:Flag of the Kazakh SSR.svg|75px|right]] * [[Uraz Isayev]] * [[Ibragim Tazhiyev]] * [[Nurtas Undasynov]] * [[Elubay Taibekov]] * [[Dinmukhamed Kunayev]] * [[Zhumabek Tashenev]] * [[Salken Daulenov]] * [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]] * [[Dinmukhamed Kunayev]] * [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]] * [[Bayken Ashimov]] * [[Nursultan Nazarbayev]] * [[Uzakbay Karamanov]] |group5 = [[Kazakhstan]] |list5 = [[Image:Flag of Kazakhstan.svg|75px|right]] * [[Sergey Tereshchenko]] * [[Akezhan Kazhegeldin]] * [[Nurlan Balgimbayev]] * [[Kassym-Jomart Tokayev]] * [[Imangali Tasmagambetov]] * [[Daniyal Akhmetov]] * [[Karim Massimov]] * [[Serik Akhmetov]] * [[Karim Massimov]] * [[Bakhytzhan Sagintayev]] }}<noinclude> {{collapsible option}} [[Category:Kazakhstan politics and government templates|Prime Ministers]] [[Category:Asia political leader navigational boxes|Kazakhstan]] [[Category:Europe political leader navigational boxes|Kazakhstan]] </noinclude> 4nt8m8lqfkc8dh6qw0zjx5he7nrgdwe 696526 696525 2017-01-14T15:50:58Z Tohaomg 52886 Replaced raster image with an image of format SVG. ([[Commons:Commons:GlobalReplace|GlobalReplace v0.6.5]]) 696526 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox |name = Prime Ministers of Kazakhstan |title = [[Prime Minister of Kazakhstan|Prime Ministers of]] [[Kazakhstan]] |state = {{{state<includeonly>|collapsed</includeonly>}}} |listclass = hlist |titlestyle = background:lightsteelblue; |groupstyle = background:lightsteelblue;text-align:center; |belowstyle = background:lightsteelblue; |group1 = [[Alash Autonomy]] |list1 = [[Image:Flag of the Alash Autonomy.svg|75px|right]] * [[Alikhan Bukeikhanov]] |group2 = [[Kirghiz Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic (1920–1925)|Kirghiz ASSR]] |list2 = [[Image:Flag of Kirghiz ASSR (1920-25).svg|75px|right]] * [[Viktor Radus-Zenkovich]] * [[Mukhamedkhafiy Murzagaliyev]] * [[Saken Seyfullin]] * [[Nygmet Nurmakov]] |group3 = [[Kazakh Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic|Kazakh ASSR]] |list3 = [[Image:Kazak 1920.jpg|75px|right]] * [[Nygmet Nurmakov]] * [[Uraz Isayev]] |group4 = [[Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic|Kazakh SSR]] |list4 = [[Image:Flag of the Kazakh SSR.svg|75px|right]] * [[Uraz Isayev]] * [[Ibragim Tazhiyev]] * [[Nurtas Undasynov]] * [[Elubay Taibekov]] * [[Dinmukhamed Kunayev]] * [[Zhumabek Tashenev]] * [[Salken Daulenov]] * [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]] * [[Dinmukhamed Kunayev]] * [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]] * [[Bayken Ashimov]] * [[Nursultan Nazarbayev]] * [[Uzakbay Karamanov]] |group5 = [[Kazakhstan]] |list5 = [[Image:Flag of Kazakhstan.svg|75px|right]] * [[Sergey Tereshchenko]] * [[Akezhan Kazhegeldin]] * [[Nurlan Balgimbayev]] * [[Kassym-Jomart Tokayev]] * [[Imangali Tasmagambetov]] * [[Daniyal Akhmetov]] * [[Karim Massimov]] * [[Serik Akhmetov]] * [[Karim Massimov]] * [[Bakhytzhan Sagintayev]] }}<noinclude> {{collapsible option}} [[Category:Kazakhstan politics and government templates|Prime Ministers]] [[Category:Asia political leader navigational boxes|Kazakhstan]] [[Category:Europe political leader navigational boxes|Kazakhstan]] </noinclude> g7wchmj5nargjertxyfkj2urylm4xaw 696527 696526 2017-05-16T01:53:53Z Allenkong11 65127 696527 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox |name = Prime Ministers of Kazakhstan |title = [[Prime Minister of Kazakhstan|Prime Ministers of]] [[Kazakhstan]] |state = {{{state<includeonly>|collapsed</includeonly>}}} |listclass = hlist |titlestyle = background:lightsteelblue; |groupstyle = background:lightsteelblue;text-align:center; |belowstyle = background:lightsteelblue; |group1 = [[Alash Autonomy]] |list1 = [[Image:Flag of the Alash Autonomy.svg|75px|right]] * [[Alikhan Bukeikhanov]] |group2 = [[Kirghiz Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic (1920–1925)|Kirghiz ASSR]] |list2 = [[Image:Flag of Kirghiz ASSR (1920-25).svg|75px|right]] * [[Viktor Radus-Zenkovich]] * [[Mukhamedkhafiy Murzagaliyev]] * [[Saken Seyfullin]] * [[Nygmet Nurmakov]] |group3 = [[Kazakh Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic|Kazakh ASSR]] |list3 = [[Image:Kazak 1920.jpg|75px|right]] * [[Nygmet Nurmakov]] * [[Uraz Isayev]] |group4 = [[Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic|Kazakh SSR]] |list4 = [[Image:Flag of the Kazakh SSR.svg|75px|right]] * [[Uraz Isayev]] * [[Ibragim Tazhiyev]] * [[Nurtas Undasynov]] * [[Elubay Taibekov]] * [[Dinmukhamed Kunayev]] * [[Zhumabek Tashenev]] * [[Salken Daulenov]] * [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]] * [[Dinmukhamed Kunayev]] * [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]] * [[Bayken Ashimov]] * [[Nursultan Nazarbayev]] * [[Uzakbay Karamanov]] |group5 = [[Kazakhstan]] |list5 = [[Image:Flag of Kazakhstan.svg|75px|right]] * [[Sergey Tereshchenko]] * [[Akezhan Kazhegeldin]] * [[Nurlan Balgimbayev]] * [[Kassym-Jomart Tokayev]] * [[Imangali Tasmagambetov]] * [[Daniyal Akhmetov]] * [[Karim Massimov]] * [[Serik Akhmetov]] * [[Karim Massimov]] * [[Bakhytzhan Sagintayev]] }}<noinclude> {{collapsible option}} [[Category:Kazakhstan political leader navigational boxes]] </noinclude> nm1lkr410u15phccmul0ed0yl6fb4t1 696528 696527 2018-06-25T15:46:16Z Askar Sheikh-Ali 65128 696528 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox |name = Prime Ministers of Kazakhstan |title = [[Prime Minister of Kazakhstan|Prime Ministers of]] [[Kazakhstan]] |state = {{{state<includeonly>|collapsed</includeonly>}}} |listclass = hlist |titlestyle = background:lightsteelblue; |groupstyle = background:lightsteelblue;text-align:center; |belowstyle = background:lightsteelblue; |group1 = [[Alash Autonomy]] |list1 = [[Image:Flag of the Alash Autonomy.svg|75px|right]] * [[Alikhan Bukeikhanov]] |group2 = [[Kirghiz Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic (1920–1925)|Kirghiz ASSR]] |list2 = [[Image:Flag of Kirghiz ASSR (1920-25).svg|75px|right]] * [[Viktor Radus-Zenkovich]] * [[Mukhamedkhafiy Murzagaliyev]] * [[Saken Seyfullin]] * [[Nygmet Nurmakov]] |group3 = [[Kazakh Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic|Kazakh ASSR]] |list3 = [[Image:Kazak 1920.jpg|75px|right]] * [[Nygmet Nurmakov]] * [[Uraz Isayev]] |group4 = [[Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic|Kazakh SSR]] |list4 = [[Image:Flag of the Kazakh SSR.svg|75px|right]] * [[Uraz Isayev]] * [[Ibragim Tazhiyev]] * [[Nurtas Undasynov]] * [[Elubay Taibekov]] * [[Dinmukhamed Kunayev]] * [[Zhumabek Tashenev]] * [[Salken Daulenov]] * [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]] * [[Dinmukhamed Kunaev]] * [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]] * [[Bayken Ashimov]] * [[Nursultan Nazarbayev]] * [[Uzakbay Karamanov]] |group5 = [[Kazakhstan]] |list5 = [[Image:Flag of Kazakhstan.svg|75px|right]] * [[Sergey Tereshchenko]] * [[Akezhan Kazhegeldin]] * [[Nurlan Balgimbayev]] * [[Kassym-Jomart Tokayev]] * [[Imangali Tasmagambetov]] * [[Daniyal Akhmetov]] * [[Karim Massimov]] * [[Serik Akhmetov]] * [[Karim Massimov]] * [[Bakhytzhan Sagintayev]] }}<noinclude> {{collapsible option}} [[Category:Kazakhstan political leader navigational boxes]] </noinclude> ha0i7mx038kxp7vs0tm0e6qyox46fe2 696529 696528 2018-06-25T15:48:50Z Askar Sheikh-Ali 65128 696529 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox |name = Prime Ministers of Kazakhstan |title = [[Prime Minister of Kazakhstan|Prime Ministers of]] [[Kazakhstan]] |state = {{{state<includeonly>|collapsed</includeonly>}}} |listclass = hlist |titlestyle = background:lightsteelblue; |groupstyle = background:lightsteelblue;text-align:center; |belowstyle = background:lightsteelblue; |group1 = [[Alash Autonomy]] |list1 = [[Image:Flag of the Alash Autonomy.svg|75px|right]] * [[Alikhan Bukeikhanov]] |group2 = [[Kirghiz Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic (1920–1925)|Kirghiz ASSR]] |list2 = [[Image:Flag of Kirghiz ASSR (1920-25).svg|75px|right]] * [[Viktor Radus-Zenkovich]] * [[Mukhamedkhafiy Murzagaliyev]] * [[Saken Seyfullin]] * [[Nygmet Nurmakov]] |group3 = [[Kazakh Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic|Kazakh ASSR]] |list3 = [[Image:Kazak 1920.jpg|75px|right]] * [[Nygmet Nurmakov]] * [[Uraz Isayev]] |group4 = [[Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic|Kazakh SSR]] |list4 = [[Image:Flag of the Kazakh SSR.svg|75px|right]] * [[Uraz Isayev]] * [[Ibragim Tazhiyev]] * [[Nurtas Undasynov]] * [[Elubay Taibekov]] * [[Dinmukhamed Kunayev]] * [[Zhumabek Tashenev]] * [[Salken Daulenov]] * [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]] * [[Dinmukhamed Kunaev]] * [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]] * [[Bayken Ashimov]] * [[Nursultan Nazarbayev]] * [[Uzakbay Karamanov]] |group5 = [[Kazakhstan]] |list5 = [[Image:Flag of Kazakhstan.svg|75px|right]] * [[Sergey Tereshchenko]] * [[Akezhan Kazhegeldin]] * [[Nurlan Balgimbayev]] * [[Kassym-Jomart Tokayev]] * [[Imangali Tasmagambetov]] * [[Daniyal Akhmetov]] * [[Karim Massimov]] * [[Serik Ahmetov]] * [[Karim Massimov]] * [[Bakhytzhan Sagintayev]] }}<noinclude> {{collapsible option}} [[Category:Kazakhstan political leader navigational boxes]] </noinclude> 2navmew97ep09le4imjy56snd58vrow 696530 696529 2018-06-25T16:00:59Z Askar Sheikh-Ali 65128 696530 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox |name = Prime Ministers of Kazakhstan |title = [[Prime Minister of Kazakhstan|Prime Ministers of]] [[Kazakhstan]] |state = {{{state<includeonly>|collapsed</includeonly>}}} |listclass = hlist |titlestyle = background:lightsteelblue; |groupstyle = background:lightsteelblue;text-align:center; |belowstyle = background:lightsteelblue; |group1 = [[Alash Autonomy]] |list1 = [[Image:Flag of the Alash Autonomy.svg|75px|right]] * [[Alikhan Bukeikhanov]] |group2 = [[Kirghiz Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic (1920–1925)|Kirghiz ASSR]] |list2 = [[Image:Flag of Kirghiz ASSR (1920-25).svg|75px|right]] * [[Viktor Radus-Zenkovich]] * [[Mukhamedkhafiy Murzagaliyev]] * [[Saken Seyfullin]] * [[Nygmet Nurmakov]] |group3 = [[Kazakh Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic|Kazakh ASSR]] |list3 = [[Image:Kazak 1920.jpg|75px|right]] * [[Nygmet Nurmakov]] * [[Uraz Isayev]] |group4 = [[Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic|Kazakh SSR]] |list4 = [[Image:Flag of the Kazakh SSR.svg|75px|right]] * [[Uraz Isayev]] * [[Ibragim Tazhiyev]] * [[Nurtas Undasynov]] * [[Elubay Taibekov]] * [[Dinmukhamed Kunayev]] * [[Zhumabek Tashenev]] * [[Salken Daulenov]] * [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]] * [[Dinmukhamed Kunaev]] * [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]] * [[Bayken Ashimov]] * [[Nursultan Nazarbayev]] * [[Uzakbay Karamanov]] |group5 = [[Kazakhstan]] |list5 = [[Image:Flag of Kazakhstan.svg|75px|right]] * [[Sergey Tereshchenko]] * [[Akezhan Kazhegeldin]] * [[Nurlan Balgimbayev]] * [[Kassym-Jomart Tokayev]] * [[Imangali Tasmagambetov]] * [[Daniyal Akhmetov]] * [[Karim Massimov]] * [[Serik Ahmetov]] * [[Karim Massimov]] * [[Baqytjan Sagintaev]] }}<noinclude> {{collapsible option}} [[Category:Kazakhstan political leader navigational boxes]] </noinclude> mdz0l34un9ykz7cnre5f9gop0d2f20r 696531 696530 2018-06-25T16:04:59Z Askar Sheikh-Ali 65128 696531 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox |name = Prime Ministers of Kazakhstan |title = [[Prime Minister of Kazakhstan|Prime Ministers of]] [[Kazakhstan]] |state = {{{state<includeonly>|collapsed</includeonly>}}} |listclass = hlist |titlestyle = background:lightsteelblue; |groupstyle = background:lightsteelblue;text-align:center; |belowstyle = background:lightsteelblue; |group1 = [[Alash Autonomy]] |list1 = [[Image:Flag of the Alash Autonomy.svg|75px|right]] * [[Alikhan Bukeikhanov]] |group2 = [[Kirghiz Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic (1920–1925)|Kirghiz ASSR]] |list2 = [[Image:Flag of Kirghiz ASSR (1920-25).svg|75px|right]] * [[Viktor Radus-Zenkovich]] * [[Mukhamedkhafiy Murzagaliyev]] * [[Saken Seyfullin]] * [[Nygmet Nurmakov]] |group3 = [[Kazakh Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic|Kazakh ASSR]] |list3 = [[Image:Kazak 1920.jpg|75px|right]] * [[Nygmet Nurmakov]] * [[Uraz Isayev]] |group4 = [[Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic|Kazakh SSR]] |list4 = [[Image:Flag of the Kazakh SSR.svg|75px|right]] * [[Uraz Isayev]] * [[Ibragim Tazhiyev]] * [[Nurtas Undasynov]] * [[Elubay Taibekov]] * [[Dinmukhamed Kunayev]] * [[Zhumabek Tashenev]] * [[Salken Daulenov]] * [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]] * [[Dinmukhamed Kunaev]] * [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]] * [[Bayken Ashimov]] * [[Nursultan Nazarbayev]] * [[Uzakbay Karamanov]] |group5 = [[Kazakhstan]] |list5 = [[Image:Flag of Kazakhstan.svg|75px|right]] * [[Sergey Tereshchenko]] * [[Akezhan Kazhegeldin]] * [[Nurlan Balgimbayev]] * [[Kassym-Jomart Tokayev]] * [[Imangali Tasmagambetov]] * [[Daniyal Akhmetov]] * [[Karim Massimov]] * [[Serik Ahmetov]] * [[Karim Massimov]] * [[Baqytjan Sagyntaev]] }}<noinclude> {{collapsible option}} [[Category:Kazakhstan political leader navigational boxes]] </noinclude> 2pnyhpokyfpzo2k775118qaaj38wpeo 696532 696531 2018-06-26T10:25:34Z Batternut 65129 Reverted to revision 847468944 by [[Special:Contributions/Askar Sheikh-Ali|Askar Sheikh-Ali]] ([[User talk:Askar Sheikh-Ali|talk]]): Rvt undiscussed moves away from common name. ([[WP:TW|TW]]) 696532 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox |name = Prime Ministers of Kazakhstan |title = [[Prime Minister of Kazakhstan|Prime Ministers of]] [[Kazakhstan]] |state = {{{state<includeonly>|collapsed</includeonly>}}} |listclass = hlist |titlestyle = background:lightsteelblue; |groupstyle = background:lightsteelblue;text-align:center; |belowstyle = background:lightsteelblue; |group1 = [[Alash Autonomy]] |list1 = [[Image:Flag of the Alash Autonomy.svg|75px|right]] * [[Alikhan Bukeikhanov]] |group2 = [[Kirghiz Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic (1920–1925)|Kirghiz ASSR]] |list2 = [[Image:Flag of Kirghiz ASSR (1920-25).svg|75px|right]] * [[Viktor Radus-Zenkovich]] * [[Mukhamedkhafiy Murzagaliyev]] * [[Saken Seyfullin]] * [[Nygmet Nurmakov]] |group3 = [[Kazakh Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic|Kazakh ASSR]] |list3 = [[Image:Kazak 1920.jpg|75px|right]] * [[Nygmet Nurmakov]] * [[Uraz Isayev]] |group4 = [[Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic|Kazakh SSR]] |list4 = [[Image:Flag of the Kazakh SSR.svg|75px|right]] * [[Uraz Isayev]] * [[Ibragim Tazhiyev]] * [[Nurtas Undasynov]] * [[Elubay Taibekov]] * [[Dinmukhamed Kunayev]] * [[Zhumabek Tashenev]] * [[Salken Daulenov]] * [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]] * [[Dinmukhamed Kunaev]] * [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]] * [[Bayken Ashimov]] * [[Nursultan Nazarbayev]] * [[Uzakbay Karamanov]] |group5 = [[Kazakhstan]] |list5 = [[Image:Flag of Kazakhstan.svg|75px|right]] * [[Sergey Tereshchenko]] * [[Akezhan Kazhegeldin]] * [[Nurlan Balgimbayev]] * [[Kassym-Jomart Tokayev]] * [[Imangali Tasmagambetov]] * [[Daniyal Akhmetov]] * [[Karim Massimov]] * [[Serik Akhmetov]] * [[Karim Massimov]] * [[Bakhytzhan Sagintayev]] }}<noinclude> {{collapsible option}} [[Category:Kazakhstan political leader navigational boxes]] </noinclude> ha0i7mx038kxp7vs0tm0e6qyox46fe2 696533 696532 2019-02-22T06:55:46Z Jwkozak91 51305 696533 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox |name = Prime Ministers of Kazakhstan |title = [[Prime Minister of Kazakhstan|Prime Ministers of]] [[Kazakhstan]] |state = {{{state<includeonly>|collapsed</includeonly>}}} |listclass = hlist |titlestyle = background:lightsteelblue; |groupstyle = background:lightsteelblue;text-align:center; |belowstyle = background:lightsteelblue; |group1 = [[Alash Autonomy]] |list1 = [[Image:Flag of the Alash Autonomy.svg|75px|right]] * [[Alikhan Bukeikhanov]] |group2 = [[Kirghiz Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic (1920–1925)|Kirghiz ASSR]] |list2 = [[Image:Flag of Kirghiz ASSR (1920-25).svg|75px|right]] * [[Viktor Radus-Zenkovich]] * [[Mukhamedkhafiy Murzagaliyev]] * [[Saken Seyfullin]] * [[Nygmet Nurmakov]] |group3 = [[Kazakh Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic|Kazakh ASSR]] |list3 = [[Image:Kazak 1920.jpg|75px|right]] * [[Nygmet Nurmakov]] * [[Uraz Isayev]] |group4 = [[Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic|Kazakh SSR]] |list4 = [[Image:Flag of the Kazakh SSR.svg|75px|right]] * [[Uraz Isayev]] * [[Ibragim Tazhiyev]] * [[Nurtas Undasynov]] * [[Elubay Taibekov]] * [[Dinmukhamed Kunayev]] * [[Zhumabek Tashenev]] * [[Salken Daulenov]] * [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]] * [[Dinmukhamed Kunaev]] * [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]] * [[Bayken Ashimov]] * [[Nursultan Nazarbayev]] * [[Uzakbay Karamanov]] |group5 = [[Kazakhstan]] |list5 = [[Image:Flag of Kazakhstan.svg|75px|right]] * [[Sergey Tereshchenko]] * [[Akezhan Kazhegeldin]] * [[Nurlan Balgimbayev]] * [[Kassym-Jomart Tokayev]] * [[Imangali Tasmagambetov]] * [[Daniyal Akhmetov]] * [[Karim Massimov]] * [[Serik Akhmetov]] * [[Karim Massimov]] * [[Bakhytzhan Sagintayev]] * [[Askar Mamin]] {{small|(acting)}} }}<noinclude> {{collapsible option}} [[Category:Kazakhstan political leader navigational boxes]] </noinclude> eaq4qpy3x8yctyu08ijivo6hkmwvep8 696534 696533 2019-02-26T07:53:01Z Jwkozak91 51305 696534 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox |name = Prime Ministers of Kazakhstan |title = [[Prime Minister of Kazakhstan|Prime Ministers of]] [[Kazakhstan]] |state = {{{state<includeonly>|collapsed</includeonly>}}} |listclass = hlist |titlestyle = background:lightsteelblue; |groupstyle = background:lightsteelblue;text-align:center; |belowstyle = background:lightsteelblue; |group1 = [[Alash Autonomy]] |list1 = [[Image:Flag of the Alash Autonomy.svg|75px|right]] * [[Alikhan Bukeikhanov]] |group2 = [[Kirghiz Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic (1920–1925)|Kirghiz ASSR]] |list2 = [[Image:Flag of Kirghiz ASSR (1920-25).svg|75px|right]] * [[Viktor Radus-Zenkovich]] * [[Mukhamedkhafiy Murzagaliyev]] * [[Saken Seyfullin]] * [[Nygmet Nurmakov]] |group3 = [[Kazakh Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic|Kazakh ASSR]] |list3 = [[Image:Kazak 1920.jpg|75px|right]] * [[Nygmet Nurmakov]] * [[Uraz Isayev]] |group4 = [[Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic|Kazakh SSR]] |list4 = [[Image:Flag of the Kazakh SSR.svg|75px|right]] * [[Uraz Isayev]] * [[Ibragim Tazhiyev]] * [[Nurtas Undasynov]] * [[Elubay Taibekov]] * [[Dinmukhamed Kunayev]] * [[Zhumabek Tashenev]] * [[Salken Daulenov]] * [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]] * [[Dinmukhamed Kunaev]] * [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]] * [[Bayken Ashimov]] * [[Nursultan Nazarbayev]] * [[Uzakbay Karamanov]] |group5 = [[Kazakhstan]] |list5 = [[Image:Flag of Kazakhstan.svg|75px|right]] * [[Sergey Tereshchenko]] * [[Akezhan Kazhegeldin]] * [[Nurlan Balgimbayev]] * [[Kassym-Jomart Tokayev]] * [[Imangali Tasmagambetov]] * [[Daniyal Akhmetov]] * [[Karim Massimov]] * [[Serik Akhmetov]] * [[Karim Massimov]] * [[Bakhytzhan Sagintayev]] * [[Askar Mamin]] }}<noinclude> {{collapsible option}} [[Category:Kazakhstan political leader navigational boxes]] </noinclude> kjydwhq6kq1lkjvayqx4ji02f5j8gp3 696535 696534 2021-03-31T20:57:06Z Woko Sapien 42017 [[MOS:JOBTITLES]] 696535 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox |name = Prime Ministers of Kazakhstan |title = [[Prime Minister of Kazakhstan|Prime ministers of]] [[Kazakhstan]] |state = {{{state<includeonly>|collapsed</includeonly>}}} |listclass = hlist |titlestyle = background:lightsteelblue; |groupstyle = background:lightsteelblue;text-align:center; |belowstyle = background:lightsteelblue; |group1 = [[Alash Autonomy]] |list1 = [[Image:Flag of the Alash Autonomy.svg|75px|right]] * [[Alikhan Bukeikhanov]] |group2 = [[Kirghiz Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic (1920–1925)|Kirghiz ASSR]] |list2 = [[Image:Flag of Kirghiz ASSR (1920-25).svg|75px|right]] * [[Viktor Radus-Zenkovich]] * [[Mukhamedkhafiy Murzagaliyev]] * [[Saken Seyfullin]] * [[Nygmet Nurmakov]] |group3 = [[Kazakh Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic|Kazakh ASSR]] |list3 = [[Image:Kazak 1920.jpg|75px|right]] * [[Nygmet Nurmakov]] * [[Uraz Isayev]] |group4 = [[Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic|Kazakh SSR]] |list4 = [[Image:Flag of the Kazakh SSR.svg|75px|right]] * [[Uraz Isayev]] * [[Ibragim Tazhiyev]] * [[Nurtas Undasynov]] * [[Elubay Taibekov]] * [[Dinmukhamed Kunayev]] * [[Zhumabek Tashenev]] * [[Salken Daulenov]] * [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]] * [[Dinmukhamed Kunaev]] * [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]] * [[Bayken Ashimov]] * [[Nursultan Nazarbayev]] * [[Uzakbay Karamanov]] |group5 = [[Kazakhstan]] |list5 = [[Image:Flag of Kazakhstan.svg|75px|right]] * [[Sergey Tereshchenko]] * [[Akezhan Kazhegeldin]] * [[Nurlan Balgimbayev]] * [[Kassym-Jomart Tokayev]] * [[Imangali Tasmagambetov]] * [[Daniyal Akhmetov]] * [[Karim Massimov]] * [[Serik Akhmetov]] * [[Karim Massimov]] * [[Bakhytzhan Sagintayev]] * [[Askar Mamin]] }}<noinclude> {{collapsible option}} [[Category:Kazakhstan political leader navigational boxes]] </noinclude> 86ebzn5hs2xr2wvun7ys2vmpg0azlby 696536 696535 2021-04-02T14:52:37Z Woko Sapien 42017 Woko Sapien moved page [[Template:Prime Ministers of Kazakhstan]] to [[Template:Prime ministers of Kazakhstan]]: [[MOS:JOBTITLES]] 696535 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox |name = Prime Ministers of Kazakhstan |title = [[Prime Minister of Kazakhstan|Prime ministers of]] [[Kazakhstan]] |state = {{{state<includeonly>|collapsed</includeonly>}}} |listclass = hlist |titlestyle = background:lightsteelblue; |groupstyle = background:lightsteelblue;text-align:center; |belowstyle = background:lightsteelblue; |group1 = [[Alash Autonomy]] |list1 = [[Image:Flag of the Alash Autonomy.svg|75px|right]] * [[Alikhan Bukeikhanov]] |group2 = [[Kirghiz Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic (1920–1925)|Kirghiz ASSR]] |list2 = [[Image:Flag of Kirghiz ASSR (1920-25).svg|75px|right]] * [[Viktor Radus-Zenkovich]] * [[Mukhamedkhafiy Murzagaliyev]] * [[Saken Seyfullin]] * [[Nygmet Nurmakov]] |group3 = [[Kazakh Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic|Kazakh ASSR]] |list3 = [[Image:Kazak 1920.jpg|75px|right]] * [[Nygmet Nurmakov]] * [[Uraz Isayev]] |group4 = [[Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic|Kazakh SSR]] |list4 = [[Image:Flag of the Kazakh SSR.svg|75px|right]] * [[Uraz Isayev]] * [[Ibragim Tazhiyev]] * [[Nurtas Undasynov]] * [[Elubay Taibekov]] * [[Dinmukhamed Kunayev]] * [[Zhumabek Tashenev]] * [[Salken Daulenov]] * [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]] * [[Dinmukhamed Kunaev]] * [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]] * [[Bayken Ashimov]] * [[Nursultan Nazarbayev]] * [[Uzakbay Karamanov]] |group5 = [[Kazakhstan]] |list5 = [[Image:Flag of Kazakhstan.svg|75px|right]] * [[Sergey Tereshchenko]] * [[Akezhan Kazhegeldin]] * [[Nurlan Balgimbayev]] * [[Kassym-Jomart Tokayev]] * [[Imangali Tasmagambetov]] * [[Daniyal Akhmetov]] * [[Karim Massimov]] * [[Serik Akhmetov]] * [[Karim Massimov]] * [[Bakhytzhan Sagintayev]] * [[Askar Mamin]] }}<noinclude> {{collapsible option}} [[Category:Kazakhstan political leader navigational boxes]] </noinclude> 86ebzn5hs2xr2wvun7ys2vmpg0azlby 696537 696536 2021-04-02T14:52:47Z Woko Sapien 42017 696537 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox |name = Prime ministers of Kazakhstan |title = [[Prime Minister of Kazakhstan|Prime ministers of]] [[Kazakhstan]] |state = {{{state<includeonly>|collapsed</includeonly>}}} |listclass = hlist |titlestyle = background:lightsteelblue; |groupstyle = background:lightsteelblue;text-align:center; |belowstyle = background:lightsteelblue; |group1 = [[Alash Autonomy]] |list1 = [[Image:Flag of the Alash Autonomy.svg|75px|right]] * [[Alikhan Bukeikhanov]] |group2 = [[Kirghiz Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic (1920–1925)|Kirghiz ASSR]] |list2 = [[Image:Flag of Kirghiz ASSR (1920-25).svg|75px|right]] * [[Viktor Radus-Zenkovich]] * [[Mukhamedkhafiy Murzagaliyev]] * [[Saken Seyfullin]] * [[Nygmet Nurmakov]] |group3 = [[Kazakh Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic|Kazakh ASSR]] |list3 = [[Image:Kazak 1920.jpg|75px|right]] * [[Nygmet Nurmakov]] * [[Uraz Isayev]] |group4 = [[Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic|Kazakh SSR]] |list4 = [[Image:Flag of the Kazakh SSR.svg|75px|right]] * [[Uraz Isayev]] * [[Ibragim Tazhiyev]] * [[Nurtas Undasynov]] * [[Elubay Taibekov]] * [[Dinmukhamed Kunayev]] * [[Zhumabek Tashenev]] * [[Salken Daulenov]] * [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]] * [[Dinmukhamed Kunaev]] * [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]] * [[Bayken Ashimov]] * [[Nursultan Nazarbayev]] * [[Uzakbay Karamanov]] |group5 = [[Kazakhstan]] |list5 = [[Image:Flag of Kazakhstan.svg|75px|right]] * [[Sergey Tereshchenko]] * [[Akezhan Kazhegeldin]] * [[Nurlan Balgimbayev]] * [[Kassym-Jomart Tokayev]] * [[Imangali Tasmagambetov]] * [[Daniyal Akhmetov]] * [[Karim Massimov]] * [[Serik Akhmetov]] * [[Karim Massimov]] * [[Bakhytzhan Sagintayev]] * [[Askar Mamin]] }}<noinclude> {{collapsible option}} [[Category:Kazakhstan political leader navigational boxes]] </noinclude> pxu229364nt9avdzcwf13twd5uvm5ui 696538 696537 2022-01-11T13:16:35Z TheDraperyFalls 65130 696538 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox |name = Prime ministers of Kazakhstan |title = [[Prime Minister of Kazakhstan|Prime ministers of]] [[Kazakhstan]] |state = {{{state<includeonly>|collapsed</includeonly>}}} |listclass = hlist |titlestyle = background:lightsteelblue; |groupstyle = background:lightsteelblue;text-align:center; |belowstyle = background:lightsteelblue; |group1 = [[Alash Autonomy]] |list1 = [[Image:Flag of the Alash Autonomy.svg|75px|right]] * [[Alikhan Bukeikhanov]] |group2 = [[Kirghiz Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic (1920–1925)|Kirghiz ASSR]] |list2 = [[Image:Flag of Kirghiz ASSR (1920-25).svg|75px|right]] * [[Viktor Radus-Zenkovich]] * [[Mukhamedkhafiy Murzagaliyev]] * [[Saken Seyfullin]] * [[Nygmet Nurmakov]] |group3 = [[Kazakh Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic|Kazakh ASSR]] |list3 = [[Image:Kazak 1920.jpg|75px|right]] * [[Nygmet Nurmakov]] * [[Uraz Isayev]] |group4 = [[Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic|Kazakh SSR]] |list4 = [[Image:Flag of the Kazakh SSR.svg|75px|right]] * [[Uraz Isayev]] * [[Ibragim Tazhiyev]] * [[Nurtas Undasynov]] * [[Elubay Taibekov]] * [[Dinmukhamed Kunayev]] * [[Zhumabek Tashenev]] * [[Salken Daulenov]] * [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]] * [[Dinmukhamed Kunaev]] * [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]] * [[Bayken Ashimov]] * [[Nursultan Nazarbayev]] * [[Uzakbay Karamanov]] |group5 = [[Kazakhstan]] |list5 = [[Image:Flag of Kazakhstan.svg|75px|right]] * [[Sergey Tereshchenko]] * [[Akezhan Kazhegeldin]] * [[Nurlan Balgimbayev]] * [[Kassym-Jomart Tokayev]] * [[Imangali Tasmagambetov]] * [[Daniyal Akhmetov]] * [[Karim Massimov]] * [[Serik Akhmetov]] * [[Karim Massimov]] * [[Bakhytzhan Sagintayev]] * [[Askar Mamin]] * [[Alihan Smaiylov]] }}<noinclude> {{collapsible option}} [[Category:Kazakhstan political leader navigational boxes]] </noinclude> ol3hoamofpo4kuxp0edj7qbtjranv6k 696539 696538 2022-01-12T11:17:59Z 5.165.213.169 696539 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox |name = Prime ministers of Kazakhstan |title = [[Prime Minister of Kazakhstan|Prime ministers of]] [[Kazakhstan]] |state = {{{state<includeonly>|collapsed</includeonly>}}} |listclass = hlist |titlestyle = background:lightsteelblue; |groupstyle = background:lightsteelblue;text-align:center; |belowstyle = background:lightsteelblue; |group1 = [[Alash Autonomy]] |list1 = [[Image:Flag of the Alash Autonomy.svg|75px|right]] * [[Alikhan Bukeikhanov]] |group2 = [[Kirghiz Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic (1920–1925)|Kirghiz ASSR]] |list2 = [[Image:Flag of Kirghiz ASSR (1920-25).svg|75px|right]] * [[Viktor Radus-Zenkovich]] * [[Mukhamedkhafiy Murzagaliyev]] * [[Saken Seyfullin]] * [[Nygmet Nurmakov]] |group3 = [[Kazakh Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic|Kazakh ASSR]] |list3 = [[Image:Kazak 1920.jpg|75px|right]] * [[Nygmet Nurmakov]] * [[Uraz Isayev]] |group4 = [[Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic|Kazakh SSR]] |list4 = [[Image:Flag of the Kazakh SSR.svg|75px|right]] * [[Uraz Isayev]] * [[Ibragim Tazhiyev]] * [[Nurtas Undasynov]] * [[Elubay Taibekov]] * [[Dinmukhamed Kunayev]] * [[Zhumabek Tashenev]] * [[Salken Daulenov]] * [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]] * [[Dinmukhamed Kunaev]] * [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]] * [[Bayken Ashimov]] * [[Nursultan Nazarbayev]] * [[Uzakbay Karamanov]] * [[Sergey Tereshchenko]] |group5 = [[Kazakhstan]] |list5 = [[Image:Flag of Kazakhstan.svg|75px|right]] * [[Sergey Tereshchenko]] * [[Akezhan Kazhegeldin]] * [[Nurlan Balgimbayev]] * [[Kassym-Jomart Tokayev]] * [[Imangali Tasmagambetov]] * [[Daniyal Akhmetov]] * [[Karim Massimov]] * [[Serik Akhmetov]] * [[Karim Massimov]] * [[Bakhytzhan Sagintayev]] * [[Askar Mamin]] * [[Alihan Smaiylov]] }}<noinclude> {{collapsible option}} [[Category:Kazakhstan political leader navigational boxes]] </noinclude> ot689acktpqtvx4qeg94h49tobxqm0e 696540 696539 2022-05-22T16:42:40Z 2603:7080:5000:1F:D47E:286C:4B7A:A9DF 696540 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox |name = Prime ministers of Kazakhstan |title = [[Prime Minister of Kazakhstan|Prime ministers of]] [[Kazakhstan]] |state = {{{state<includeonly>|collapsed</includeonly>}}} |listclass = hlist |titlestyle = background:lightsteelblue; |groupstyle = background:lightsteelblue;text-align:center; |belowstyle = background:lightsteelblue; |group1 = [[Alash Autonomy]] |list1 = [[Image:Flag of the Alash Autonomy.svg|75px|right]] * [[Alikhan Bukeikhanov]] |group2 = [[Kirghiz Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic (1920–1925)|Kirghiz ASSR]] |list2 = [[Image:Flag of Kirghiz ASSR (1920-25).svg|75px|right]] * [[Viktor Radus-Zenkovich]] * [[Mukhamedkhafiy Murzagaliyev]] * [[Saken Seyfullin]] * [[Nygmet Nurmakov]] |group3 = [[Kazakh Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic|Kazakh ASSR]] |list3 = [[Image:Kazak 1920.jpg|75px|right]] * [[Nygmet Nurmakov]] * [[Uraz Isayev]] |group4 = [[Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic|Kazakh SSR]] |list4 = [[Image:Flag of the Kazakh SSR.svg|75px|right]] * [[Uraz Isayev]] * [[Ibragim Tazhiyev]] * [[Nurtas Undasynov]] * [[Elubay Taibekov]] * [[Dinmukhamed Kunayev]] * [[Zhumabek Tashenev]] * [[Salken Daulenov]] * [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]] * [[Dinmukhamed Kunaev]] * [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]] * [[Bayken Ashimov]] * [[Nursultan Nazarbayev]] * [[Uzakbay Karamanov]] * [[Sergey Tereshchenko]] |group5 = [[Kazakhstan]] |list5 = [[Image:Flag of Kazakhstan.svg|75px|right]] * [[Sergey Tereshchenko]] * [[Akezhan Kazhegeldin]] * [[Nurlan Balgimbayev]] * [[Kassym-Jomart Tokayev]] * [[Imangali Tasmagambetov]] * [[Daniyal Akhmetov]] * [[Karim Massimov]] * [[Serik Akhmetov]] * [[Karim Massimov]] * [[Bakhytzhan Sagintayev]] * [[Askar Mamin]] * [[Älihan Smaiylov]] }}<noinclude> {{collapsible option}} [[Category:Kazakhstan political leader navigational boxes]] </noinclude> r8k7hoezjsn35r66bubzumrz4lrx0r4 696541 696540 2022-06-23T23:59:11Z 24.59.36.170 696541 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox |name = Prime ministers of Kazakhstan |title = [[Prime Minister of Kazakhstan|Prime ministers of]] [[Kazakhstan]] |state = {{{state<includeonly>|collapsed</includeonly>}}} |listclass = hlist |titlestyle = background:lightsteelblue; |groupstyle = background:lightsteelblue;text-align:center; |belowstyle = background:lightsteelblue; |group1 = [[Alash Autonomy]] |list1 = [[Image:Flag of the Alash Autonomy.svg|75px|right]] * [[Alikhan Bukeikhanov]] |group2 = [[Kirghiz Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic (1920–1925)|Kirghiz ASSR]] |list2 = [[Image:Flag of Kirghiz ASSR (1920-25).svg|75px|right]] * [[Viktor Radus-Zenkovich]] * [[Mukhamedkhafiy Murzagaliyev]] * [[Saken Seyfullin]] * [[Nygmet Nurmakov]] |group3 = [[Kazakh Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic|Kazakh ASSR]] |list3 = [[Image:Kazak 1920.jpg|75px|right]] * [[Nygmet Nurmakov]] * [[Uraz Isayev]] |group4 = [[Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic|Kazakh SSR]] |list4 = [[Image:Flag of the Kazakh SSR.svg|75px|right]] * [[Uraz Isayev]] * [[Ibragim Tazhiyev]] * [[Nurtas Undasynov]] * [[Elubay Taibekov]] * [[Dinmukhamed Kunayev]] * [[Zhumabek Tashenev]] * [[Salken Daulenov]] * [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]] * [[Dinmukhamed Kunaev]] * [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]] * [[Bayken Ashimov]] * [[Nursultan Nazarbayev]] * [[Uzakbay Karamanov]] * [[Sergey Tereshchenko]] |group5 = [[Kazakhstan]] |list5 = [[Image:Flag of Kazakhstan.svg|75px|right]] * [[Sergey Tereshchenko]] * [[Akezhan Kazhegeldin]] * [[Nurlan Balgimbayev]] * [[Kassym-Jomart Tokayev]] * [[Imangali Tasmagambetov]] * [[Daniyal Akhmetov]] * [[Karim Massimov]] * [[Serik Akhmetov]] * [[Karim Massimov]] * [[Bakhytzhan Sagintayev]] * [[Asqar Mamin]] * [[Älihan Smaiylov]] }}<noinclude> {{collapsible option}} [[Category:Kazakhstan political leader navigational boxes]] </noinclude> cwwcei6je3e29jo6pvxai91b6a35phx 696542 696541 2022-06-24T00:00:19Z 24.59.36.170 696542 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox |name = Prime ministers of Kazakhstan |title = [[Prime Minister of Kazakhstan|Prime ministers of]] [[Kazakhstan]] |state = {{{state<includeonly>|collapsed</includeonly>}}} |listclass = hlist |titlestyle = background:lightsteelblue; |groupstyle = background:lightsteelblue;text-align:center; |belowstyle = background:lightsteelblue; |group1 = [[Alash Autonomy]] |list1 = [[Image:Flag of the Alash Autonomy.svg|75px|right]] * [[Alikhan Bukeikhanov]] |group2 = [[Kirghiz Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic (1920–1925)|Kirghiz ASSR]] |list2 = [[Image:Flag of Kirghiz ASSR (1920-25).svg|75px|right]] * [[Viktor Radus Zenkovich]] * [[Mukhamedkhafiy Murzagaliyev]] * [[Saken Seyfullin]] * [[Nygmet Nurmakov]] |group3 = [[Kazakh Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic|Kazakh ASSR]] |list3 = [[Image:Kazak 1920.jpg|75px|right]] * [[Nygmet Nurmakov]] * [[Uraz Isayev]] |group4 = [[Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic|Kazakh SSR]] |list4 = [[Image:Flag of the Kazakh SSR.svg|75px|right]] * [[Uraz Isayev]] * [[Ibragim Tazhiyev]] * [[Nurtas Undasynov]] * [[Elubay Taibekov]] * [[Dinmukhamed Kunayev]] * [[Zhumabek Tashenev]] * [[Salken Daulenov]] * [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]] * [[Dinmukhamed Kunaev]] * [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]] * [[Bayken Ashimov]] * [[Nursultan Nazarbayev]] * [[Uzakbay Karamanov]] * [[Sergey Tereshchenko]] |group5 = [[Kazakhstan]] |list5 = [[Image:Flag of Kazakhstan.svg|75px|right]] * [[Sergey Tereshchenko]] * [[Akezhan Kazhegeldin]] * [[Nurlan Balgimbayev]] * [[Kassym-Jomart Tokayev]] * [[Imangali Tasmagambetov]] * [[Daniyal Akhmetov]] * [[Karim Massimov]] * [[Serik Akhmetov]] * [[Karim Massimov]] * [[Bakhytzhan Sagintayev]] * [[Asqar Mamin]] * [[Älihan Smaiylov]] }}<noinclude> {{collapsible option}} [[Category:Kazakhstan political leader navigational boxes]] </noinclude> ej42h90fcykwnoszv98g4rndao5q06x 696543 696542 2022-06-24T05:57:45Z DrKay 5566 block evasion 696543 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox |name = Prime ministers of Kazakhstan |title = [[Prime Minister of Kazakhstan|Prime ministers of]] [[Kazakhstan]] |state = {{{state<includeonly>|collapsed</includeonly>}}} |listclass = hlist |titlestyle = background:lightsteelblue; |groupstyle = background:lightsteelblue;text-align:center; |belowstyle = background:lightsteelblue; |group1 = [[Alash Autonomy]] |list1 = [[Image:Flag of the Alash Autonomy.svg|75px|right]] * [[Alikhan Bukeikhanov]] |group2 = [[Kirghiz Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic (1920–1925)|Kirghiz ASSR]] |list2 = [[Image:Flag of Kirghiz ASSR (1920-25).svg|75px|right]] * [[Viktor Radus-Zenkovich]] * [[Mukhamedkhafiy Murzagaliyev]] * [[Saken Seyfullin]] * [[Nygmet Nurmakov]] |group3 = [[Kazakh Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic|Kazakh ASSR]] |list3 = [[Image:Kazak 1920.jpg|75px|right]] * [[Nygmet Nurmakov]] * [[Uraz Isayev]] |group4 = [[Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic|Kazakh SSR]] |list4 = [[Image:Flag of the Kazakh SSR.svg|75px|right]] * [[Uraz Isayev]] * [[Ibragim Tazhiyev]] * [[Nurtas Undasynov]] * [[Elubay Taibekov]] * [[Dinmukhamed Kunayev]] * [[Zhumabek Tashenev]] * [[Salken Daulenov]] * [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]] * [[Dinmukhamed Kunaev]] * [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]] * [[Bayken Ashimov]] * [[Nursultan Nazarbayev]] * [[Uzakbay Karamanov]] * [[Sergey Tereshchenko]] |group5 = [[Kazakhstan]] |list5 = [[Image:Flag of Kazakhstan.svg|75px|right]] * [[Sergey Tereshchenko]] * [[Akezhan Kazhegeldin]] * [[Nurlan Balgimbayev]] * [[Kassym-Jomart Tokayev]] * [[Imangali Tasmagambetov]] * [[Daniyal Akhmetov]] * [[Karim Massimov]] * [[Serik Akhmetov]] * [[Karim Massimov]] * [[Bakhytzhan Sagintayev]] * [[Askar Mamin]] * [[Älihan Smaiylov]] }}<noinclude> {{collapsible option}} [[Category:Kazakhstan political leader navigational boxes]] </noinclude> r8k7hoezjsn35r66bubzumrz4lrx0r4 696544 696543 2022-07-02T00:59:48Z 67.249.247.4 696544 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox |name = Prime ministers of Kazakhstan |title = [[Prime Minister of Kazakhstan|Prime ministers of]] [[Kazakhstan]] |state = {{{state<includeonly>|collapsed</includeonly>}}} |listclass = hlist |titlestyle = background:lightsteelblue; |groupstyle = background:lightsteelblue;text-align:center; |belowstyle = background:lightsteelblue; |group1 = [[Alash Autonomy]] |list1 = [[Image:Flag of the Alash Autonomy.svg|75px|right]] * [[Alikhan Bukeikhanov]] |group2 = [[Kirghiz Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic (1920–1925)|Kirghiz ASSR]] |list2 = [[Image:Flag of Kirghiz ASSR (1920-25).svg|75px|right]] * [[Viktor Radus-Zenkovich]] * [[Mukhamedkhafiy Murzagaliyev]] * [[Saken Seyfullin]] * [[Nygmet Nurmakov]] |group3 = [[Kazakh Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic|Kazakh ASSR]] |list3 = [[Image:Kazak 1920.jpg|75px|right]] * [[Nygmet Nurmakov]] * [[Uraz Isayev]] |group4 = [[Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic|Kazakh SSR]] |list4 = [[Image:Flag of the Kazakh SSR.svg|75px|right]] * [[Uraz Isayev]] * [[Ibragim Tazhiyev]] * [[Nurtas Undasynov]] * [[Elubay Taibekov]] * [[Dinmukhamed Kunayev]] * [[Zhumabek Tashenev]] * [[Salken Daulenov]] * [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]] * [[Dinmukhamed Kunaev]] * [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]] * [[Bayken Ashimov]] * [[Nursultan Nazarbayev]] * [[Uzakbay Karamanov]] * [[Sergey Tereshchenko]] |group5 = [[Kazakhstan]] |list5 = [[Image:Flag of Kazakhstan.svg|75px|right]] * [[Sergey Tereshchenko]] * [[Akezhan Kazhegeldin]] * [[Nurlan Balgimbayev]] * [[Kassym-Jomart Tokayev]] * [[Imangali Tasmagambetov]] * [[Daniyal Akhmetov]] * [[Karim Massimov]] * [[Serik Akhmetov]] * [[Karim Massimov]] * [[Bakhytzhan Sagintayev]] * [[Asqar Mamin]] * [[Älihan Smaiylov]] }}<noinclude> {{collapsible option}} [[Category:Kazakhstan political leader navigational boxes]] </noinclude> cwwcei6je3e29jo6pvxai91b6a35phx 696545 696544 2022-07-02T01:00:14Z 67.249.247.4 Undid revision 1094728748 by [[Special:Contributions/DrKay|DrKay]] ([[User talk:DrKay|talk]]) 696545 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox |name = Prime ministers of Kazakhstan |title = [[Prime Minister of Kazakhstan|Prime ministers of]] [[Kazakhstan]] |state = {{{state<includeonly>|collapsed</includeonly>}}} |listclass = hlist |titlestyle = background:lightsteelblue; |groupstyle = background:lightsteelblue;text-align:center; |belowstyle = background:lightsteelblue; |group1 = [[Alash Autonomy]] |list1 = [[Image:Flag of the Alash Autonomy.svg|75px|right]] * [[Alikhan Bukeikhanov]] |group2 = [[Kirghiz Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic (1920–1925)|Kirghiz ASSR]] |list2 = [[Image:Flag of Kirghiz ASSR (1920-25).svg|75px|right]] * [[Viktor Radus Zenkovich]] * [[Mukhamedkhafiy Murzagaliyev]] * [[Saken Seyfullin]] * [[Nygmet Nurmakov]] |group3 = [[Kazakh Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic|Kazakh ASSR]] |list3 = [[Image:Kazak 1920.jpg|75px|right]] * [[Nygmet Nurmakov]] * [[Uraz Isayev]] |group4 = [[Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic|Kazakh SSR]] |list4 = [[Image:Flag of the Kazakh SSR.svg|75px|right]] * [[Uraz Isayev]] * [[Ibragim Tazhiyev]] * [[Nurtas Undasynov]] * [[Elubay Taibekov]] * [[Dinmukhamed Kunayev]] * [[Zhumabek Tashenev]] * [[Salken Daulenov]] * [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]] * [[Dinmukhamed Kunaev]] * [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]] * [[Bayken Ashimov]] * [[Nursultan Nazarbayev]] * [[Uzakbay Karamanov]] * [[Sergey Tereshchenko]] |group5 = [[Kazakhstan]] |list5 = [[Image:Flag of Kazakhstan.svg|75px|right]] * [[Sergey Tereshchenko]] * [[Akezhan Kazhegeldin]] * [[Nurlan Balgimbayev]] * [[Kassym-Jomart Tokayev]] * [[Imangali Tasmagambetov]] * [[Daniyal Akhmetov]] * [[Karim Massimov]] * [[Serik Akhmetov]] * [[Karim Massimov]] * [[Bakhytzhan Sagintayev]] * [[Asqar Mamin]] * [[Älihan Smaiylov]] }}<noinclude> {{collapsible option}} [[Category:Kazakhstan political leader navigational boxes]] </noinclude> ej42h90fcykwnoszv98g4rndao5q06x 696546 696545 2022-07-02T06:45:24Z DrKay 5566 block evasion 696546 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox |name = Prime ministers of Kazakhstan |title = [[Prime Minister of Kazakhstan|Prime ministers of]] [[Kazakhstan]] |state = {{{state<includeonly>|collapsed</includeonly>}}} |listclass = hlist |titlestyle = background:lightsteelblue; |groupstyle = background:lightsteelblue;text-align:center; |belowstyle = background:lightsteelblue; |group1 = [[Alash Autonomy]] |list1 = [[Image:Flag of the Alash Autonomy.svg|75px|right]] * [[Alikhan Bukeikhanov]] |group2 = [[Kirghiz Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic (1920–1925)|Kirghiz ASSR]] |list2 = [[Image:Flag of Kirghiz ASSR (1920-25).svg|75px|right]] * [[Viktor Radus-Zenkovich]] * [[Mukhamedkhafiy Murzagaliyev]] * [[Saken Seyfullin]] * [[Nygmet Nurmakov]] |group3 = [[Kazakh Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic|Kazakh ASSR]] |list3 = [[Image:Kazak 1920.jpg|75px|right]] * [[Nygmet Nurmakov]] * [[Uraz Isayev]] |group4 = [[Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic|Kazakh SSR]] |list4 = [[Image:Flag of the Kazakh SSR.svg|75px|right]] * [[Uraz Isayev]] * [[Ibragim Tazhiyev]] * [[Nurtas Undasynov]] * [[Elubay Taibekov]] * [[Dinmukhamed Kunayev]] * [[Zhumabek Tashenev]] * [[Salken Daulenov]] * [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]] * [[Dinmukhamed Kunaev]] * [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]] * [[Bayken Ashimov]] * [[Nursultan Nazarbayev]] * [[Uzakbay Karamanov]] * [[Sergey Tereshchenko]] |group5 = [[Kazakhstan]] |list5 = [[Image:Flag of Kazakhstan.svg|75px|right]] * [[Sergey Tereshchenko]] * [[Akezhan Kazhegeldin]] * [[Nurlan Balgimbayev]] * [[Kassym-Jomart Tokayev]] * [[Imangali Tasmagambetov]] * [[Daniyal Akhmetov]] * [[Karim Massimov]] * [[Serik Akhmetov]] * [[Karim Massimov]] * [[Bakhytzhan Sagintayev]] * [[Askar Mamin]] * [[Älihan Smaiylov]] }}<noinclude> {{collapsible option}} [[Category:Kazakhstan political leader navigational boxes]] </noinclude> r8k7hoezjsn35r66bubzumrz4lrx0r4 696547 696546 2023-08-16T05:38:16Z Mupper-san 65131 Removed flag for Kazakh ASSR, as it was simply a non-vectorised version of the Kirghiz ASSR flag. 696547 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox |name = Prime ministers of Kazakhstan |title = [[Prime Minister of Kazakhstan|Prime ministers of]] [[Kazakhstan]] |state = {{{state<includeonly>|collapsed</includeonly>}}} |listclass = hlist |titlestyle = background:lightsteelblue; |groupstyle = background:lightsteelblue;text-align:center; |belowstyle = background:lightsteelblue; |group1 = [[Alash Autonomy]] |list1 = [[Image:Flag of the Alash Autonomy.svg|75px|right]] * [[Alikhan Bukeikhanov]] |group2 = [[Kirghiz Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic (1920–1925)|Kirghiz ASSR]] |list2 = [[Image:Flag of Kirghiz ASSR (1920-25).svg|75px|right]] * [[Viktor Radus-Zenkovich]] * [[Mukhamedkhafiy Murzagaliyev]] * [[Saken Seyfullin]] * [[Nygmet Nurmakov]] |group3 = [[Kazakh Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic|Kazakh ASSR]] |list3 = * [[Nygmet Nurmakov]] * [[Uraz Isayev]] |group4 = [[Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic|Kazakh SSR]] |list4 = [[Image:Flag of the Kazakh SSR.svg|75px|right]] * [[Uraz Isayev]] * [[Ibragim Tazhiyev]] * [[Nurtas Undasynov]] * [[Elubay Taibekov]] * [[Dinmukhamed Kunayev]] * [[Zhumabek Tashenev]] * [[Salken Daulenov]] * [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]] * [[Dinmukhamed Kunaev]] * [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]] * [[Bayken Ashimov]] * [[Nursultan Nazarbayev]] * [[Uzakbay Karamanov]] * [[Sergey Tereshchenko]] |group5 = [[Kazakhstan]] |list5 = [[Image:Flag of Kazakhstan.svg|75px|right]] * [[Sergey Tereshchenko]] * [[Akezhan Kazhegeldin]] * [[Nurlan Balgimbayev]] * [[Kassym-Jomart Tokayev]] * [[Imangali Tasmagambetov]] * [[Daniyal Akhmetov]] * [[Karim Massimov]] * [[Serik Akhmetov]] * [[Karim Massimov]] * [[Bakhytzhan Sagintayev]] * [[Askar Mamin]] * [[Älihan Smaiylov]] }}<noinclude> {{collapsible option}} [[Category:Kazakhstan political leader navigational boxes]] </noinclude> c278fdbzoq9sm1imghl7xszle32qs99 696548 696547 2024-02-12T04:30:00Z Snickers2686 65132 Updating template 696548 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox |name = Prime ministers of Kazakhstan |title = [[Prime Minister of Kazakhstan|Prime ministers of]] [[Kazakhstan]] |state = {{{state<includeonly>|collapsed</includeonly>}}} |listclass = hlist |titlestyle = background:lightsteelblue; |groupstyle = background:lightsteelblue;text-align:center; |belowstyle = background:lightsteelblue; |group1 = [[Alash Autonomy]] |list1 = [[Image:Flag of the Alash Autonomy.svg|75px|right]] * [[Alikhan Bukeikhanov]] |group2 = [[Kirghiz Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic (1920–1925)|Kirghiz ASSR]] |list2 = [[Image:Flag of Kirghiz ASSR (1920-25).svg|75px|right]] * [[Viktor Radus-Zenkovich]] * [[Mukhamedkhafiy Murzagaliyev]] * [[Saken Seyfullin]] * [[Nygmet Nurmakov]] |group3 = [[Kazakh Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic|Kazakh ASSR]] |list3 = * [[Nygmet Nurmakov]] * [[Uraz Isayev]] |group4 = [[Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic|Kazakh SSR]] |list4 = [[Image:Flag of the Kazakh SSR.svg|75px|right]] * [[Uraz Isayev]] * [[Ibragim Tazhiyev]] * [[Nurtas Undasynov]] * [[Elubay Taibekov]] * [[Dinmukhamed Kunayev]] * [[Zhumabek Tashenev]] * [[Salken Daulenov]] * [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]] * [[Dinmukhamed Kunaev]] * [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]] * [[Bayken Ashimov]] * [[Nursultan Nazarbayev]] * [[Uzakbay Karamanov]] * [[Sergey Tereshchenko]] |group5 = [[Kazakhstan]] |list5 = [[Image:Flag of Kazakhstan.svg|75px|right]] * [[Sergey Tereshchenko]] * [[Akezhan Kazhegeldin]] * [[Nurlan Balgimbayev]] * [[Kassym-Jomart Tokayev]] * [[Imangali Tasmagambetov]] * [[Daniyal Akhmetov]] * [[Karim Massimov]] * [[Serik Akhmetov]] * [[Karim Massimov]] * [[Bakhytzhan Sagintayev]] * [[Askar Mamin]] * [[Älihan Smaiylov]] * [[Oljas Bektenov]] }}<noinclude> {{collapsible option}} [[Category:Kazakhstan political leader navigational boxes]] </noinclude> 4xoqgkj04dsllynipem33s5mn9nea7i 696549 696548 2024-02-12T04:30:54Z Snickers2686 65132 [[MOS:SPECIFICLINK]] 696549 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox |name = Prime ministers of Kazakhstan |title = [[Prime Minister of Kazakhstan]] |state = {{{state<includeonly>|collapsed</includeonly>}}} |listclass = hlist |titlestyle = background:lightsteelblue; |groupstyle = background:lightsteelblue;text-align:center; |belowstyle = background:lightsteelblue; |group1 = [[Alash Autonomy]] |list1 = [[Image:Flag of the Alash Autonomy.svg|75px|right]] * [[Alikhan Bukeikhanov]] |group2 = [[Kirghiz Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic (1920–1925)|Kirghiz ASSR]] |list2 = [[Image:Flag of Kirghiz ASSR (1920-25).svg|75px|right]] * [[Viktor Radus-Zenkovich]] * [[Mukhamedkhafiy Murzagaliyev]] * [[Saken Seyfullin]] * [[Nygmet Nurmakov]] |group3 = [[Kazakh Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic|Kazakh ASSR]] |list3 = * [[Nygmet Nurmakov]] * [[Uraz Isayev]] |group4 = [[Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic|Kazakh SSR]] |list4 = [[Image:Flag of the Kazakh SSR.svg|75px|right]] * [[Uraz Isayev]] * [[Ibragim Tazhiyev]] * [[Nurtas Undasynov]] * [[Elubay Taibekov]] * [[Dinmukhamed Kunayev]] * [[Zhumabek Tashenev]] * [[Salken Daulenov]] * [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]] * [[Dinmukhamed Kunaev]] * [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]] * [[Bayken Ashimov]] * [[Nursultan Nazarbayev]] * [[Uzakbay Karamanov]] * [[Sergey Tereshchenko]] |group5 = [[Kazakhstan]] |list5 = [[Image:Flag of Kazakhstan.svg|75px|right]] * [[Sergey Tereshchenko]] * [[Akezhan Kazhegeldin]] * [[Nurlan Balgimbayev]] * [[Kassym-Jomart Tokayev]] * [[Imangali Tasmagambetov]] * [[Daniyal Akhmetov]] * [[Karim Massimov]] * [[Serik Akhmetov]] * [[Karim Massimov]] * [[Bakhytzhan Sagintayev]] * [[Askar Mamin]] * [[Älihan Smaiylov]] * [[Oljas Bektenov]] }}<noinclude> {{collapsible option}} [[Category:Kazakhstan political leader navigational boxes]] </noinclude> tv5waur7saxuu8xjlsmo0lwd46gq6fd 696550 696549 2026-08-03T07:51:44Z King ChristLike 13051 78 revisions imported from [[:en:Template:Prime_ministers_of_Kazakhstan]] 696549 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox |name = Prime ministers of Kazakhstan |title = [[Prime Minister of Kazakhstan]] |state = {{{state<includeonly>|collapsed</includeonly>}}} |listclass = hlist |titlestyle = background:lightsteelblue; |groupstyle = background:lightsteelblue;text-align:center; |belowstyle = background:lightsteelblue; |group1 = [[Alash Autonomy]] |list1 = [[Image:Flag of the Alash Autonomy.svg|75px|right]] * [[Alikhan Bukeikhanov]] |group2 = [[Kirghiz Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic (1920–1925)|Kirghiz ASSR]] |list2 = [[Image:Flag of Kirghiz ASSR (1920-25).svg|75px|right]] * [[Viktor Radus-Zenkovich]] * [[Mukhamedkhafiy Murzagaliyev]] * [[Saken Seyfullin]] * [[Nygmet Nurmakov]] |group3 = [[Kazakh Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic|Kazakh ASSR]] |list3 = * [[Nygmet Nurmakov]] * [[Uraz Isayev]] |group4 = [[Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic|Kazakh SSR]] |list4 = [[Image:Flag of the Kazakh SSR.svg|75px|right]] * [[Uraz Isayev]] * [[Ibragim Tazhiyev]] * [[Nurtas Undasynov]] * [[Elubay Taibekov]] * [[Dinmukhamed Kunayev]] * [[Zhumabek Tashenev]] * [[Salken Daulenov]] * [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]] * [[Dinmukhamed Kunaev]] * [[Masymkhan Beysembayev]] * [[Bayken Ashimov]] * [[Nursultan Nazarbayev]] * [[Uzakbay Karamanov]] * [[Sergey Tereshchenko]] |group5 = [[Kazakhstan]] |list5 = [[Image:Flag of Kazakhstan.svg|75px|right]] * [[Sergey Tereshchenko]] * [[Akezhan Kazhegeldin]] * [[Nurlan Balgimbayev]] * [[Kassym-Jomart Tokayev]] * [[Imangali Tasmagambetov]] * [[Daniyal Akhmetov]] * [[Karim Massimov]] * [[Serik Akhmetov]] * [[Karim Massimov]] * [[Bakhytzhan Sagintayev]] * [[Askar Mamin]] * [[Älihan Smaiylov]] * [[Oljas Bektenov]] }}<noinclude> {{collapsible option}} [[Category:Kazakhstan political leader navigational boxes]] </noinclude> tv5waur7saxuu8xjlsmo0lwd46gq6fd 10 78109 696551 2026-03-18T05:49:19Z Extraordinary Writ 12796 Extraordinary Writ moved page [[Template:Twitter]] to [[Template:X profile]]: [[Special:Permalink/1344082405#985|Requested]] by Jeffrey34555 at [[WP:RM/TR]]: Per consensus at [[Special:Permalink/1343885455#Requested move 9 March 2026]]. 696551 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Template:X profile]] {{Redirect category shell| {{R from move}} }} 2g4xhhe9n3rsjnvc4f4ooiyfsymiybg 696552 696551 2026-08-03T07:52:46Z King ChristLike 13051 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Twitter]] 696551 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Template:X profile]] {{Redirect category shell| {{R from move}} }} 2g4xhhe9n3rsjnvc4f4ooiyfsymiybg 10 78110 696557 2009-04-15T21:30:39Z SteelersFan UK06 65133 Created Twitter template, works similar to myspace 696557 wikitext text/x-wiki [http://www.twitter.com/{{{1|{{{id}}}}}} {{{2|{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}}}}] at [[Twitter]]<noinclude>{{documentation}}</noinclude> lxu7rg4b3nedbsahr50aovlfofpb7zw 696558 696557 2009-04-15T22:07:08Z SteelersFan UK06 65133 "on" better than "at" 696558 wikitext text/x-wiki [http://www.twitter.com/{{{1|{{{id}}}}}} {{{2|{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}}}}] on [[Twitter]]<noinclude>{{documentation}}</noinclude> 6ufwtw9y2b9lie47ajrsq77fwik17eg 696559 696558 2009-08-09T05:04:32Z The lorax 65134 new twitter infobox 696559 wikitext text/x-wiki {{navbox | name = Twitter | titlestyle = background:#D2FFFF; color:white | title = <span style="color:white;">[[Twitter]]</span> | group1 = Clients | list1 = [[List of Twitter services and applications]]{{·}} [[Tweetie]]{{·}}[[Twitterrific]] | group2 = People | list2 = [[Jack Dorsey]] (Founder/President){{·}} [[Evan Williams]] (co-founder){{·}} [[Biz Stone]] (creative officer) | group3 = Other | list3 = [[Twitpic]] }}<noinclude>[[Category:Computing templates|{{PAGENAME}}]]</noinclude> ail9izkqy67vjvn51kygfozwodcnf0q 696560 696559 2009-08-09T05:05:13Z The lorax 65134 696560 wikitext text/x-wiki {{navbox | name = Twitter | titlestyle = background:#D2FFFF; color:white | title = <span style="color:white;">[[Twitter]]</span> | group1 = Clients | list1 = [[List of Twitter services and applications]]{{·}} [[Tweetie]]{{·}}[[Twitterrific]] | group2 = People | list2 = [[Jack Dorsey]] (founder/president){{·}} [[Evan Williams]] (ceo){{·}} [[Biz Stone]] (creative officer) | group3 = Other | list3 = [[Twitpic]] }}<noinclude>[[Category:Computing templates|{{PAGENAME}}]]</noinclude> b5lw8n2q8s2nquviwvu8lotb3xovv9k 696561 696560 2009-08-09T05:09:58Z The lorax 65134 696561 wikitext text/x-wiki {{navbox | name = Twitter | titlestyle = background:Aqua; color:white | title = <span style="color:white;">[[Twitter]]</span> | group1 = Clients | list1 = [[List of Twitter services and applications]]{{·}} [[Tweetie]]{{·}}[[Twitterrific]] | group2 = People | list2 = [[Jack Dorsey]] (founder/president){{·}} [[Evan Williams]] (ceo){{·}} [[Biz Stone]] (creative officer) | group3 = Other | list3 = [[Twitpic]] }}<noinclude>[[Category:Computing templates|{{PAGENAME}}]]</noinclude> 1zi3fmj3dutcw68nhw0ppfd8a9zafyd 696562 696561 2009-08-09T05:13:39Z The lorax 65134 696562 wikitext text/x-wiki {{navbox | name = Twitter | titlestyle = background:Aqua; color:white | title = <span style="color:white;">[[Twitter]]</span> | group1 = Clients | list1 = [[List of Twitter services and applications]]{{·}} [[Tweetie]]{{·}}[[Twitterrific]] | group2 = People | list2 = [[Jack Dorsey]] (founder/president){{·}} [[Evan Williams (blogger)|Evan Williams]] (CEO){{·}} [[Biz Stone]] (creative officer) | group3 = Other | list3 = [[Twitpic]] }}<noinclude>[[Category:Computing templates|{{PAGENAME}}]]</noinclude> fkbitwsibo5yarqlnldt3e0pwdux8qp 696563 696562 2009-08-09T05:15:34Z The lorax 65134 696563 wikitext text/x-wiki {{navbox | name = Twitter | titlestyle = background:PaleTurquoise; color:white | title = <span style="color:white;">[[Twitter]]</span> | group1 = Clients | list1 = [[List of Twitter services and applications]]{{·}} [[Tweetie]]{{·}}[[Twitterrific]] | group2 = People | list2 = [[Jack Dorsey]] (founder/president){{·}} [[Evan Williams (blogger)|Evan Williams]] (CEO){{·}} [[Biz Stone]] (creative officer) | group3 = Other | list3 = [[Twitpic]] }}<noinclude>[[Category:Computing templates|{{PAGENAME}}]]</noinclude> i1qn55f8kaj9npi6264wq0v9rwpg0mz 696564 696563 2009-08-09T06:20:44Z The lorax 65134 switched template back...will start new twitter nav template elsewhere 696564 wikitext text/x-wiki [http://www.twitter.com/{{{1|{{{id}}}}}} {{{2|{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}}}}] on [[Twitter]]<noinclude>{{documentation}}</noinclude> 6ufwtw9y2b9lie47ajrsq77fwik17eg 696565 696564 2009-08-10T23:40:20Z 213.168.121.113 fix 696565 wikitext text/x-wiki [http://twitter.com/{{{1|{{{id}}}}}} {{{2|{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}}}}] on [[Twitter]]<noinclude>{{documentation}}</noinclude> dj959l88az0efp0mq0rq1dw0a80nln9 696566 696565 2009-08-10T23:44:00Z Who then was a gentleman? 65135 [[WP:UNDO|Undid]] revision 307262964 by [[Special:Contributions/213.168.121.113|213.168.121.113]] ([[User talk:213.168.121.113|talk]]) 696566 wikitext text/x-wiki [http://www.twitter.com/{{{1|{{{id}}}}}} {{{2|{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}}}}] on [[Twitter]]<noinclude>{{documentation}}</noinclude> 6ufwtw9y2b9lie47ajrsq77fwik17eg 696567 696566 2009-08-10T23:51:05Z 213.168.121.113 RV, vandalism. 696567 wikitext text/x-wiki [http://twitter.com/{{{1|{{{id}}}}}} {{{2|{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}}}}] on [[Twitter]]<noinclude>{{documentation}}</noinclude> dj959l88az0efp0mq0rq1dw0a80nln9 696568 696567 2009-08-11T04:00:09Z Who then was a gentleman? 65135 [[WP:UNDO|Undid]] revision 307264613 by [[Special:Contributions/213.168.121.113|213.168.121.113]] ([[User talk:213.168.121.113|talk]]) 696568 wikitext text/x-wiki [http://www.twitter.com/{{{1|{{{id}}}}}} {{{2|{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}}}}] on [[Twitter]]<noinclude>{{documentation}}</noinclude> 6ufwtw9y2b9lie47ajrsq77fwik17eg 696569 696568 2009-08-12T00:34:11Z SteelersFan UK06 65133 [[WP:UNDO|Undid]] revision 307296922 by [[Special:Contributions/Who then was a gentleman?|Who then was a gentleman?]] ([[User talk:Who then was a gentleman?|talk]]) - this is correct, enter in browser 696569 wikitext text/x-wiki [http://twitter.com/{{{1|{{{id}}}}}} {{{2|{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}}}}] on [[Twitter]]<noinclude>{{documentation}}</noinclude> dj959l88az0efp0mq0rq1dw0a80nln9 696570 696569 2009-08-12T13:16:41Z DreamGuy 65136 Nominated for deletion; see [[Wikipedia:Templates for deletion#Template:Twitter]]. ([[WP:TW|TW]]) 696570 wikitext text/x-wiki {{tfd|Twitter}} [http://twitter.com/{{{1|{{{id}}}}}} {{{2|{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}}}}] on [[Twitter]]<noinclude>{{documentation}}</noinclude> 1c9ucc1jefjlpewfqvatoqlazryad6h 696571 696570 2009-08-15T13:36:37Z Pigsonthewing 6277 <noinclude></noinclude> 696571 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{{tfd|Twitter}}</noinclude> [http://twitter.com/{{{1|{{{id}}}}}} {{{2|{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}}}}] on [[Twitter]]<noinclude>{{documentation}}</noinclude> br4dqbeb1n0l5xh77d7nnw63vgjchq4 696572 696571 2009-08-16T23:23:51Z Bobyllib 65137 just trying to figure out why this seems to break bulleted lists... 696572 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>[http://twitter.com/{{{1|{{{id}}}}}} {{{2|{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}}}}] on [[Twitter]]</includeonly><noinclude>{{tfd|Twitter}}{{documentation}}</noinclude> et9s2hm8ifajtfr5gcp70fuklzyizdd 696573 696572 2009-08-23T02:39:55Z RockMFR 288 result was keep 696573 wikitext text/x-wiki [http://twitter.com/{{{1|{{{id}}}}}} {{{2|{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}}}}] on [[Twitter]]<noinclude>{{documentation}}</noinclude> dj959l88az0efp0mq0rq1dw0a80nln9 696574 696573 2009-11-07T21:37:45Z Ceacea Dave 65138 Love & Relationships 696574 wikitext text/x-wiki Bow Wow is in love with Ceacea Kandy Dave . In January 23, 2009 , Bow Wow ask Ceacea If she marry him . She said yes. In March 9 , 2009 , they have a Beach Wedding . And they made a album Called The Sex & Love Story Of Ceacea Kandy Dave & Bow Wow . Is about them in love and having sex 6p857yhi7j147a9f49ry2be23loqy4u 696575 696574 2009-11-07T21:37:47Z ClueBot 31884 Reverting possible vandalism by [[Special:Contributions/Ceacea Dave|Ceacea Dave]] to version by RockMFR. False positive? [[User:ClueBot/FalsePositives|Report it]]. Thanks, [[User:ClueBot|ClueBot]]. (818406) (Bot) 696575 wikitext text/x-wiki [http://twitter.com/{{{1|{{{id}}}}}} {{{2|{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}}}}] on [[Twitter]]<noinclude>{{documentation}}</noinclude> dj959l88az0efp0mq0rq1dw0a80nln9 696576 696575 2010-02-13T17:36:08Z Cirt 31229 Protected Template:Twitter: [[WP:HRT|Highly visible template]] ([edit=sysop] (indefinite) [move=sysop] (indefinite)) 696575 wikitext text/x-wiki [http://twitter.com/{{{1|{{{id}}}}}} {{{2|{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}}}}] on [[Twitter]]<noinclude>{{documentation}}</noinclude> dj959l88az0efp0mq0rq1dw0a80nln9 696577 696576 2011-09-12T13:48:14Z MSGJ 14482 updated code for twitter, per request 696577 wikitext text/x-wiki [http://twitter.com/#!/{{{1|{{{id}}}}}} {{{2|{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}}}}] on [[Twitter]]<noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> 80ntotrcd0om23445uv6ccw19xk3ail 696578 696577 2011-09-26T11:41:57Z MSGJ 14482 undo, per request 696578 wikitext text/x-wiki [http://twitter.com/{{{1|{{{id}}}}}} {{{2|{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}}}}] on [[Twitter]]<noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> tvzszd0cigqq4r3qivdpivr5xwy0a3m 696579 696578 2011-10-30T02:44:55Z Anomie 14483 Link to Twitter via https, per talk request 696579 wikitext text/x-wiki [https://twitter.com/{{{1|{{{id}}}}}} {{{2|{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}}}}] on [[Twitter]]<noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> ssz56o3ozeyxo6k5k0q9e9xeb13v3w9 696580 696579 2013-10-20T18:28:30Z WOSlinker 3423 Changed protection level of Template:Twitter: allow template editors to modify ([Edit=Protected template] (indefinite) [Move=Protected template] (indefinite)) 696579 wikitext text/x-wiki [https://twitter.com/{{{1|{{{id}}}}}} {{{2|{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}}}}] on [[Twitter]]<noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> ssz56o3ozeyxo6k5k0q9e9xeb13v3w9 696581 696580 2014-04-14T01:47:26Z Jackmcbarn 5140 rm disambig from title per talk 696581 wikitext text/x-wiki [https://twitter.com/{{{1|{{{id}}}}}} {{{2|{{{name|{{Title without disambig|{{PAGENAME}}}}}}}}}}] on [[Twitter]]<noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> 33q73acefl032sred0a3fx3iq6ruz10 696582 696581 2014-09-27T05:12:28Z Zyxw 14644 Remove any leading spaces from 1st unnamed parameter that would break link. Tested first at [[Template:Twitter/sandbox]] and [[Template:Twitter/testcases]]. 696582 wikitext text/x-wiki [https://twitter.com/{{Trim|{{{1|{{{id}}}}}}}} {{{2|{{{name|{{Title without disambig|{{PAGENAME}}}}}}}}}}] on [[Twitter]]<noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> rce4giety30v2w3n1suvqncaribrr6v 696583 696582 2014-11-15T16:09:19Z Frietjes 14509 simplify 696583 wikitext text/x-wiki [https://twitter.com/{{Trim|{{{1|{{{id}}}}}}}} {{{2|{{{name|{{PAGENAMEBASE}}}}}}}}] on [[Twitter]]<noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> 808nhbbss2s9iaizr76mlnlf2ob0wyj 696584 696583 2016-05-18T15:09:04Z Pigsonthewing 6277 use Wikidata if available 696584 wikitext text/x-wiki [https://twitter.com/{{Trim|{{{1|{{{id|{{#property:P2002|[[Category:Twitter template with no id set]]}}}}}}}}}} {{{2|{{{name|{{PAGENAMEBASE}}}}}}}}] on [[Twitter]]<noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> i0uuevs74c88ogkmlwbumzga7kygisp 696585 696584 2016-09-25T03:48:22Z JJMC89 6760 edit link, tracking categories 696585 wikitext text/x-wiki [https://twitter.com/{{Trim|{{{id|{{{1|{{#property:P2002|[[Category:Twitter template with no id set]]}}}}}}}}}} {{{name|{{{2|{{PAGENAMEBASE}}}}}}}}] on [[Twitter]]<includeonly>{{EditAtWikidata|pid=P2002|{{{id|{{{1|}}}}}}}}{{#if:{{{id|}}}{{{1|}}}|{{WikidataCheck|property=P2002|value={{{id|{{{1|}}}}}}|category=Twitter username}}}}</includeonly><noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> luohthig8rdx7xkxdgl8328pgpwvfbv 696586 696585 2016-12-11T13:00:07Z Zyxw 14644 Update handling of missing ID (previous placement of category prevented it from being included). 696586 wikitext text/x-wiki {{#if:{{{1<includeonly>|</includeonly>}}}{{{id|}}}{{#property:P2002}} |[https://twitter.com/{{Trim|{{{1|{{{id<includeonly>|{{#property:P2002}}</includeonly>}}}}}}}} {{#if:{{{2|{{{name<includeonly>|</includeonly>}}}}}}|{{{2|{{{name}}}}}}|{{PAGENAMEBASE}}}}] on [[Twitter]]<includeonly>{{EditAtWikidata|pid=P2002|{{{1|{{{id|}}}}}}}}{{WikidataCheck|property=P2002|value={{{1|{{{id|}}}}}}|category=Twitter username}}</includeonly> |<span class="error">&#123;&#123;[[Template:Twitter|Twitter]]&#125;&#125; template missing ID and not present in Wikidata.</span>{{Main other|[[Category:Twitter template missing ID]]}} }}<noinclude> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> fbh4janfhx547ohzrry9w99mt0o8yu2 696587 696586 2019-01-11T06:29:02Z Zyxw 14644 If Wikidata property has multiple values, only use first one. Remove {{Trim|}} since {{#if:}} does same. 696587 wikitext text/x-wiki {{#if: {{{1<includeonly>|</includeonly>}}} {{{id|}}} {{#property:P2002}} | [https://twitter.com/{{#if: {{{1|{{{id<includeonly>|</includeonly>}}}}}} | {{{1|{{{id}}}}}} | {{First word|1={{#property:P2002}}|sep=,}} }} {{#if: {{{2|{{{name<includeonly>|</includeonly>}}}}}} | {{{2|{{{name}}}}}} | {{PAGENAMEBASE}} }}] on [[Twitter]]<includeonly>{{EditAtWikidata|pid=P2002|{{{1|{{{id|}}}}}}}}{{WikidataCheck|property=P2002|value={{{1|{{{id|}}}}}}|category=Twitter username}}</includeonly> | <span class="error">&#123;&#123;[[Template:Twitter|Twitter]]&#125;&#125; template missing ID and not present in Wikidata.</span>{{Main other|[[Category:Twitter template missing ID]]}} }}<noinclude> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> cs774i8g4s8ip0etzkorw744v6o9g0r 696588 696587 2019-05-22T08:26:44Z Zyxw 14644 update tracking 696588 wikitext text/x-wiki {{#if: {{{1<includeonly>|</includeonly>}}} {{{id|}}} {{#property:P2002}} | [https://twitter.com/{{#if: {{{1|{{{id<includeonly>|</includeonly>}}}}}} | {{{1|{{{id}}}}}} | {{First word|1={{#property:P2002}}|sep=,}} }} {{#if: {{{2|{{{name<includeonly>|</includeonly>}}}}}} | {{{2|{{{name}}}}}} | {{PAGENAMEBASE}} }}] on [[Twitter]]<includeonly>{{EditAtWikidata|pid=P2002|{{{1|{{{id|}}}}}}}}</includeonly>{{WikidataCheck|property=P2002|value={{{1|{{{id|}}}}}}|category=Twitter username|namespaces=0|nocatsame=1}} | <span class="error">&#123;&#123;[[Template:Twitter|Twitter]]&#125;&#125; template missing ID and not present in Wikidata.</span>{{Main other|[[Category:Twitter template missing ID and not in Wikidata]]}} }}<noinclude> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> hgncaacioyrvfdhj9s2vm3370dwb7ry 696589 696588 2023-06-14T05:06:40Z Gonnym 14511 added tracking 696589 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{#if: {{{1|}}} {{{id|}}} {{#property:P2002}} | [https://twitter.com/{{#if: {{{1|{{{id|}}}}}} | {{{1|{{{id}}}}}} | {{First word|1={{#property:P2002}}|sep=,}} }} {{#if: {{{2|{{{name|}}}}}} | {{{2|{{{name}}}}}} | {{PAGENAMEBASE}} }}] on [[Twitter]]{{EditAtWikidata|pid=P2002|{{{1|{{{id|}}}}}}}}{{WikidataCheck|property=P2002|value={{{1|{{{id|}}}}}}|category=Twitter username|namespaces=0|nocatsame=1}} | <span class="error">&#123;&#123;[[Template:Twitter|Twitter]]&#125;&#125; template missing ID and not present in Wikidata.</span>{{Main other|[[Category:Twitter template missing ID and not in Wikidata]]}} }}<!-- Tracking categories -->{{#invoke:Check for unknown parameters|check|unknown={{Main other|[[Category:Pages using Twitter with unknown parameters|_VALUE_{{PAGENAME}}]]}}|preview=Page using [[Template:Twitter]] with unknown parameter "_VALUE_"|showblankpositional=1| 1 | 2 | id | name }}<!-- --></includeonly><noinclude> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> sivzmn6oq0pi839nl7zqj7bq0qw09ej 696590 696589 2023-07-28T02:09:25Z Zyxw 14644 Update so testing for [[:Category:Twitter username different from Wikidata]] ignores upper/lower case differences between username in template and username in Wikidata. Tested first with [[/sandbox]]. 696590 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{#if: {{{1|}}} {{{id|}}} {{#property:P2002}} | [https://twitter.com/{{#if: {{{1|{{{id|}}}}}} | {{{1|{{{id}}}}}} | {{First word|1={{#property:P2002}}|sep=,}} }} {{#if: {{{2|{{{name|}}}}}} | {{{2|{{{name}}}}}} | {{PAGENAMEBASE}} }}] on [[Twitter]]{{EditAtWikidata|pid=P2002|{{{1|{{{id|}}}}}}}}{{WikidataCheck|property=P2002|value={{{1|{{{id|}}}}}}|category=Twitter username|namespaces=0|nocatsame=1|ignorecase=1}} | <span class="error">&#123;&#123;[[Template:Twitter|Twitter]]&#125;&#125; template missing ID and not present in Wikidata.</span>{{Main other|[[Category:Twitter template missing ID and not in Wikidata]]}} }}<!-- Tracking categories -->{{#invoke:Check for unknown parameters|check|unknown={{Main other|[[Category:Pages using Twitter with unknown parameters|_VALUE_{{PAGENAME}}]]}}|preview=Page using [[Template:Twitter]] with unknown parameter "_VALUE_"|showblankpositional=1| 1 | 2 | id | name }}<!-- --></includeonly><noinclude> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> e6guqrim3l1ae09z9elcqiwn8ol163n 696591 696590 2023-12-21T12:53:55Z Gonnym 14511 use identifier link similar to IMDb templates 696591 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{#if: {{{1|}}} {{{id|}}} {{#property:P2002}} | [https://twitter.com/{{#if: {{{1|{{{id|}}}}}} | {{{1|{{{id}}}}}} | {{First word|1={{#property:P2002}}|sep=,}} }} {{#if: {{{2|{{{name|}}}}}} | {{{2|{{{name}}}}}} | {{PAGENAMEBASE}} }}] on [[Twitter (identifier)|Twitter]]{{EditAtWikidata|pid=P2002|{{{1|{{{id|}}}}}}}}{{WikidataCheck|property=P2002|value={{{1|{{{id|}}}}}}|category=Twitter username|namespaces=0|nocatsame=1|ignorecase=1}} | <span class="error">&#123;&#123;[[Template:Twitter|Twitter]]&#125;&#125; template missing ID and not present in Wikidata.</span>{{Main other|[[Category:Twitter template missing ID and not in Wikidata]]}} }}<!-- Tracking categories -->{{#invoke:Check for unknown parameters|check|unknown={{Main other|[[Category:Pages using Twitter with unknown parameters|_VALUE_{{PAGENAME}}]]}}|preview=Page using [[Template:Twitter]] with unknown parameter "_VALUE_"|showblankpositional=1| 1 | 2 | id | name }}<!-- --></includeonly><noinclude> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> f07pgphpe4fjfau6c2v6moya6ligfc6 696592 696591 2024-06-03T09:25:44Z MSGJ 14482 twitter -> X per request, also improve code readability 696592 wikitext text/x-wiki {{#if:{{{1|}}}{{{id|}}}{{#property:P2002}} | [https://x.com/{{#if:{{{1|{{{id|}}}}}} |{{{1|{{{id}}}}}} |{{First word|1={{#property:P2002}}|sep=,}} }} {{#if:{{{2|{{{name|}}}}}} |{{{2|{{{name}}}}}} |{{PAGENAMEBASE}} }}] on [[X (social network)|X]]{{EditAtWikidata |pid=P2002 |{{{1|{{{id|}}}}}} }}{{WikidataCheck |property=P2002 |value={{{1|{{{id|}}}}}} |category=Twitter username |namespaces=0 |nocatsame=1 |ignorecase=1 }} |<includeonly><span class="error">&#123;&#123 [[Template:Twitter|Twitter]]&#125;&#125; template missing ID and not present in Wikidata.</span>{{Main other|[[Category:Twitter template missing ID and not in Wikidata]]}}</includeonly> }}{{#invoke:Check for unknown parameters|check|unknown={{Main other|[[Category:Pages using Twitter with unknown parameters|_VALUE_{{PAGENAME}}]]}}|preview=Page using [[Template:Twitter]] with unknown parameter "_VALUE_"|showblankpositional=1| 1 | 2 | id | name }}<noinclude> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> nj24865sxc01i7591jxdfnqgfqy1wqj 696593 696592 2024-09-05T20:03:52Z Paine Ellsworth 4319 per edit request on talk page - include missing semicolon 696593 wikitext text/x-wiki {{#if:{{{1|}}}{{{id|}}}{{#property:P2002}} | [https://x.com/{{#if:{{{1|{{{id|}}}}}} |{{{1|{{{id}}}}}} |{{First word|1={{#property:P2002}}|sep=,}} }} {{#if:{{{2|{{{name|}}}}}} |{{{2|{{{name}}}}}} |{{PAGENAMEBASE}} }}] on [[X (social network)|X]]{{EditAtWikidata |pid=P2002 |{{{1|{{{id|}}}}}} }}{{WikidataCheck |property=P2002 |value={{{1|{{{id|}}}}}} |category=Twitter username |namespaces=0 |nocatsame=1 |ignorecase=1 }} |<includeonly><span class="error">&#123;&#123;[[Template:Twitter|Twitter]]&#125;&#125; template missing ID and not present in Wikidata.</span>{{Main other|[[Category:Twitter template missing ID and not in Wikidata]]}}</includeonly> }}{{#invoke:Check for unknown parameters|check|unknown={{Main other|[[Category:Pages using Twitter with unknown parameters|_VALUE_{{PAGENAME}}]]}}|preview=Page using [[Template:Twitter]] with unknown parameter "_VALUE_"|showblankpositional=1| 1 | 2 | id | name }}<noinclude> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> kibx6r5u5ycia6e7pp06u6txw3se3i9 696594 696593 2024-09-08T21:03:14Z MSGJ 14482 restoring twitter label, per request 696594 wikitext text/x-wiki {{#if:{{{1|}}}{{{id|}}}{{#property:P2002}} | [https://x.com/{{#if:{{{1|{{{id|}}}}}} |{{{1|{{{id}}}}}} |{{First word|1={{#property:P2002}}|sep=,}} }} {{#if:{{{2|{{{name|}}}}}} |{{{2|{{{name}}}}}} |{{PAGENAMEBASE}} }}] on [[Twitter]]{{EditAtWikidata |pid=P2002 |{{{1|{{{id|}}}}}} }}{{WikidataCheck |property=P2002 |value={{{1|{{{id|}}}}}} |category=Twitter username |namespaces=0 |nocatsame=1 |ignorecase=1 }} |<includeonly><span class="error">&#123;&#123;[[Template:Twitter|Twitter]]&#125;&#125; template missing ID and not present in Wikidata.</span>{{Main other|[[Category:Twitter template missing ID and not in Wikidata]]}}</includeonly> }}{{#invoke:Check for unknown parameters|check|unknown={{Main other|[[Category:Pages using Twitter with unknown parameters|_VALUE_{{PAGENAME}}]]}}|preview=Page using [[Template:Twitter]] with unknown parameter "_VALUE_"|showblankpositional=1| 1 | 2 | id | name }}<noinclude> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> lvlsyrazx5alrgzrpkq8z1m35yrwyna 696595 696594 2026-02-16T15:47:51Z WOSlinker 3423 bypass redirects 696595 wikitext text/x-wiki {{#if:{{{1|}}}{{{id|}}}{{#property:P2002}} | [https://x.com/{{#if:{{{1|{{{id|}}}}}} |{{{1|{{{id}}}}}} |{{First word|1={{#property:P2002}}|sep=,}} }} {{#if:{{{2|{{{name|}}}}}} |{{{2|{{{name}}}}}} |{{PAGENAMEBASE}} }}] on [[Twitter]]{{Edit at Wikidata |pid=P2002 |{{{1|{{{id|}}}}}} }}{{Wikidata check |property=P2002 |value={{{1|{{{id|}}}}}} |category=Twitter username |namespaces=0 |nocatsame=1 |ignorecase=1 }} |<includeonly><span class="error">&#123;&#123;[[Template:Twitter|Twitter]]&#125;&#125; template missing ID and not present in Wikidata.</span>{{Main other|[[Category:Twitter template missing ID and not in Wikidata]]}}</includeonly> }}{{#invoke:Check for unknown parameters|check|unknown={{Main other|[[Category:Pages using Twitter with unknown parameters|_VALUE_{{PAGENAME}}]]}}|preview=Page using [[Template:Twitter]] with unknown parameter "_VALUE_"|showblankpositional=1| 1 | 2 | id | name }}<noinclude> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> jfksazlejmwknp4stu5xzo9b7j98fc3 696596 696595 2026-03-10T00:23:29Z RMCD bot 14603 Notifying subject page of move discussion on [[Template talk:Twitter#Requested move 9 March 2026|Template talk:Twitter]] 696596 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{{Requested move notice|1=Template:X profile|2=Template talk:Twitter#Requested move 9 March 2026}} </noinclude>{{#if:{{{1|}}}{{{id|}}}{{#property:P2002}} | [https://x.com/{{#if:{{{1|{{{id|}}}}}} |{{{1|{{{id}}}}}} |{{First word|1={{#property:P2002}}|sep=,}} }} {{#if:{{{2|{{{name|}}}}}} |{{{2|{{{name}}}}}} |{{PAGENAMEBASE}} }}] on [[Twitter]]{{Edit at Wikidata |pid=P2002 |{{{1|{{{id|}}}}}} }}{{Wikidata check |property=P2002 |value={{{1|{{{id|}}}}}} |category=Twitter username |namespaces=0 |nocatsame=1 |ignorecase=1 }} |<includeonly><span class="error">&#123;&#123;[[Template:Twitter|Twitter]]&#125;&#125; template missing ID and not present in Wikidata.</span>{{Main other|[[Category:Twitter template missing ID and not in Wikidata]]}}</includeonly> }}{{#invoke:Check for unknown parameters|check|unknown={{Main other|[[Category:Pages using Twitter with unknown parameters|_VALUE_{{PAGENAME}}]]}}|preview=Page using [[Template:Twitter]] with unknown parameter "_VALUE_"|showblankpositional=1| 1 | 2 | id | name }}<noinclude> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> olmsuicaqz3a3jkgy1ul69usjj2526c 696597 696596 2026-03-17T00:26:28Z RMCD bot 14603 Removing notice of move discussion 696597 wikitext text/x-wiki {{#if:{{{1|}}}{{{id|}}}{{#property:P2002}} | [https://x.com/{{#if:{{{1|{{{id|}}}}}} |{{{1|{{{id}}}}}} |{{First word|1={{#property:P2002}}|sep=,}} }} {{#if:{{{2|{{{name|}}}}}} |{{{2|{{{name}}}}}} |{{PAGENAMEBASE}} }}] on [[Twitter]]{{Edit at Wikidata |pid=P2002 |{{{1|{{{id|}}}}}} }}{{Wikidata check |property=P2002 |value={{{1|{{{id|}}}}}} |category=Twitter username |namespaces=0 |nocatsame=1 |ignorecase=1 }} |<includeonly><span class="error">&#123;&#123;[[Template:Twitter|Twitter]]&#125;&#125; template missing ID and not present in Wikidata.</span>{{Main other|[[Category:Twitter template missing ID and not in Wikidata]]}}</includeonly> }}{{#invoke:Check for unknown parameters|check|unknown={{Main other|[[Category:Pages using Twitter with unknown parameters|_VALUE_{{PAGENAME}}]]}}|preview=Page using [[Template:Twitter]] with unknown parameter "_VALUE_"|showblankpositional=1| 1 | 2 | id | name }}<noinclude> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> jfksazlejmwknp4stu5xzo9b7j98fc3 696598 696597 2026-03-18T05:49:19Z Extraordinary Writ 12796 Extraordinary Writ moved page [[Template:Twitter]] to [[Template:X profile]]: [[Special:Permalink/1344082405#985|Requested]] by Jeffrey34555 at [[WP:RM/TR]]: Per consensus at [[Special:Permalink/1343885455#Requested move 9 March 2026]]. 696597 wikitext text/x-wiki {{#if:{{{1|}}}{{{id|}}}{{#property:P2002}} | [https://x.com/{{#if:{{{1|{{{id|}}}}}} |{{{1|{{{id}}}}}} |{{First word|1={{#property:P2002}}|sep=,}} }} {{#if:{{{2|{{{name|}}}}}} |{{{2|{{{name}}}}}} |{{PAGENAMEBASE}} }}] on [[Twitter]]{{Edit at Wikidata |pid=P2002 |{{{1|{{{id|}}}}}} }}{{Wikidata check |property=P2002 |value={{{1|{{{id|}}}}}} |category=Twitter username |namespaces=0 |nocatsame=1 |ignorecase=1 }} |<includeonly><span class="error">&#123;&#123;[[Template:Twitter|Twitter]]&#125;&#125; template missing ID and not present in Wikidata.</span>{{Main other|[[Category:Twitter template missing ID and not in Wikidata]]}}</includeonly> }}{{#invoke:Check for unknown parameters|check|unknown={{Main other|[[Category:Pages using Twitter with unknown parameters|_VALUE_{{PAGENAME}}]]}}|preview=Page using [[Template:Twitter]] with unknown parameter "_VALUE_"|showblankpositional=1| 1 | 2 | id | name }}<noinclude> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> jfksazlejmwknp4stu5xzo9b7j98fc3 696599 696598 2026-04-02T03:34:49Z Zyxw 14644 update links from [[Template:Twitter]] to [[Template:X profile]] to match recent move of template 696599 wikitext text/x-wiki {{#if:{{{1|}}}{{{id|}}}{{#property:P2002}} | [https://x.com/{{#if:{{{1|{{{id|}}}}}} |{{{1|{{{id}}}}}} |{{First word|1={{#property:P2002}}|sep=,}} }} {{#if:{{{2|{{{name|}}}}}} |{{{2|{{{name}}}}}} |{{PAGENAMEBASE}} }}] on [[Twitter]]{{Edit at Wikidata |pid=P2002 |{{{1|{{{id|}}}}}} }}{{Wikidata check |property=P2002 |value={{{1|{{{id|}}}}}} |category=Twitter username |namespaces=0 |nocatsame=1 |ignorecase=1 }} |<includeonly><span class="error">&#123;&#123;[[Template:X profile|X profile]]&#125;&#125; template missing ID and not present in Wikidata.</span>{{Main other|[[Category:Twitter template missing ID and not in Wikidata]]}}</includeonly> }}{{#invoke:Check for unknown parameters|check|unknown={{Main other|[[Category:Pages using Twitter with unknown parameters|_VALUE_{{PAGENAME}}]]}}|preview=Page using [[Template:X profile]] with unknown parameter "_VALUE_"|showblankpositional=1| 1 | 2 | id | name }}<noinclude> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> nlbtu751a5sja2bnmevhntggqfi3cgt 696600 696599 2026-04-02T03:48:20Z Zyxw 14644 update link to match recent move from [[Twitter]] to [[X (social network)]] 696600 wikitext text/x-wiki {{#if:{{{1|}}}{{{id|}}}{{#property:P2002}} | [https://x.com/{{#if:{{{1|{{{id|}}}}}} |{{{1|{{{id}}}}}} |{{First word|1={{#property:P2002}}|sep=,}} }} {{#if:{{{2|{{{name|}}}}}} |{{{2|{{{name}}}}}} |{{PAGENAMEBASE}} }}] on [[X (social network)|X]]{{Edit at Wikidata |pid=P2002 |{{{1|{{{id|}}}}}} }}{{Wikidata check |property=P2002 |value={{{1|{{{id|}}}}}} |category=Twitter username |namespaces=0 |nocatsame=1 |ignorecase=1 }} |<includeonly><span class="error">&#123;&#123;[[Template:X profile|X profile]]&#125;&#125; template missing ID and not present in Wikidata.</span>{{Main other|[[Category:Twitter template missing ID and not in Wikidata]]}}</includeonly> }}{{#invoke:Check for unknown parameters|check|unknown={{Main other|[[Category:Pages using Twitter with unknown parameters|_VALUE_{{PAGENAME}}]]}}|preview=Page using [[Template:X profile]] with unknown parameter "_VALUE_"|showblankpositional=1| 1 | 2 | id | name }}<noinclude> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> gxf3fdlw61oolbdyoehwzuetfziab36 696601 696600 2026-05-22T01:06:49Z Mclay1 2403 updating category 696601 wikitext text/x-wiki {{#if:{{{1|}}}{{{id|}}}{{#property:P2002}} | [https://x.com/{{#if:{{{1|{{{id|}}}}}} |{{{1|{{{id}}}}}} |{{First word|1={{#property:P2002}}|sep=,}} }} {{#if:{{{2|{{{name|}}}}}} |{{{2|{{{name}}}}}} |{{PAGENAMEBASE}} }}] on [[X (social network)|X]]{{Edit at Wikidata |pid=P2002 |{{{1|{{{id|}}}}}} }}{{Wikidata check |property=P2002 |value={{{1|{{{id|}}}}}} |category=Twitter username |namespaces=0 |nocatsame=1 |ignorecase=1 }} |<includeonly><span class="error">&#123;&#123;[[Template:X profile|X profile]]&#125;&#125; template missing ID and not present in Wikidata.</span>{{Main other|[[Category:Twitter template missing ID and not in Wikidata]]}}</includeonly> }}{{#invoke:Check for unknown parameters|check|unknown={{Main other|[[Category:Pages using X profile with unknown parameters|_VALUE_{{PAGENAME}}]]}}|preview=Page using [[Template:X profile]] with unknown parameter "_VALUE_"|showblankpositional=1| 1 | 2 | id | name }}<noinclude> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> bv0e5wqqzms62x8gwjeztd3t92t4fcz 696602 696601 2026-08-03T07:53:29Z King ChristLike 13051 45 revisions imported from [[:en:Template:X_profile]] 696601 wikitext text/x-wiki {{#if:{{{1|}}}{{{id|}}}{{#property:P2002}} | [https://x.com/{{#if:{{{1|{{{id|}}}}}} |{{{1|{{{id}}}}}} |{{First word|1={{#property:P2002}}|sep=,}} }} {{#if:{{{2|{{{name|}}}}}} |{{{2|{{{name}}}}}} |{{PAGENAMEBASE}} }}] on [[X (social network)|X]]{{Edit at Wikidata |pid=P2002 |{{{1|{{{id|}}}}}} }}{{Wikidata check |property=P2002 |value={{{1|{{{id|}}}}}} |category=Twitter username |namespaces=0 |nocatsame=1 |ignorecase=1 }} |<includeonly><span class="error">&#123;&#123;[[Template:X profile|X profile]]&#125;&#125; template missing ID and not present in Wikidata.</span>{{Main other|[[Category:Twitter template missing ID and not in Wikidata]]}}</includeonly> }}{{#invoke:Check for unknown parameters|check|unknown={{Main other|[[Category:Pages using X profile with unknown parameters|_VALUE_{{PAGENAME}}]]}}|preview=Page using [[Template:X profile]] with unknown parameter "_VALUE_"|showblankpositional=1| 1 | 2 | id | name }}<noinclude> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> bv0e5wqqzms62x8gwjeztd3t92t4fcz 10 78111 696610 2009-04-15T21:45:38Z en>SteelersFan UK06 0 created documentation for {{[[Template:Twitter|Twitter]]}} template 696610 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE. --> ==Usage== The template name is <nowiki>"{{Twitter}}"</nowiki>. The first argument is the name of the [[Twitter]] account. This can be found in the page's [[Uniform Resource Locator|URL]]. If the URL is <tt><nowiki>http://www.twitter.com/example</nowiki></tt>, the account name is ''example''. ==Usage== ===Single parameter=== If only one parameter is used in the template, this parameter will be the page's url, with the link being the name of the Wikipedia page used on. Example: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia}}</nowiki> produces *{{twitter|Wikipedia}} Hovering over the link shows that the template links to <tt>http://www.twitter.com/Wikipedia</tt>, whilst the link itself displays the current page name (Twitter/doc) ===Two parameters=== If two parameters are used in the template, the first parameter will be the page's url, while the second will be the title of the link. Example: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia|The World's best website}}</nowiki> produces *{{twitter|Wikipedia|The World's best website}} Hovering over the link shows that the template links to <tt>http://www.twitter.com/Wikipedia</tt>, whilst the link itself displays "The World's best website". <includeonly><!-- ++++ PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS BELOW THIS LINE, THANK YOU. --> [[Category:External link templates|{{PAGENAME}}]] fectblfabs2hzeclmctybymn1qynwxm 696611 696610 2009-04-15T21:50:42Z en>SteelersFan UK06 0 reword, included code 696611 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE. --> The template name is <nowiki>"{{Twitter}}"</nowiki>. It is used to link articles to a particular [[Twitter]] account, by the account's [[Uniform Resource Locator|URL]] and title. ==Code== <nowiki>{{Twitter|</nowiki>''link title''<nowiki>|</nowiki>''account name''<nowiki>}}</nowiki> ==Usage== ===Single parameter=== If only one parameter is used in the template, this parameter will be the page's url, with the link being the name of the Wikipedia page used on. Example: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia}}</nowiki> produces *{{twitter|Wikipedia}} Hovering over the link shows that the template links to <tt>http://www.twitter.com/Wikipedia</tt>, whilst the link itself displays the current page name (Twitter/doc) ===Two parameters=== If two parameters are used in the template, the first parameter will be the page's url, while the second will be the title of the link. Example: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia|The World's best website}}</nowiki> produces *{{twitter|Wikipedia|The World's best website}} Hovering over the link shows that the template links to <tt>http://www.twitter.com/Wikipedia</tt>, whilst the link itself displays "The World's best website". <includeonly><!-- ++++ PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS BELOW THIS LINE, THANK YOU. --> [[Category:External link templates|{{PAGENAME}}]] hg0ogs33n41mdqehuyikaqmfbjxykh5 696612 696611 2009-04-16T05:01:47Z en>SteelersFan UK06 0 /* Single parameter */ changed to suit "Twitter" page as well 696612 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE. --> The template name is <nowiki>"{{Twitter}}"</nowiki>. It is used to link articles to a particular [[Twitter]] account, by the account's [[Uniform Resource Locator|URL]] and title. ==Code== <nowiki>{{Twitter|</nowiki>''link title''<nowiki>|</nowiki>''account name''<nowiki>}}</nowiki> ==Usage== ===Single parameter=== If only one parameter is used in the template, this parameter will be the page's url, with the link being the name of the Wikipedia page used on. Example: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia}}</nowiki> produces *{{twitter|Wikipedia}} Hovering over the link shows that the template links to <tt>http://www.twitter.com/Wikipedia</tt>, whilst the link itself displays the current page name (displays as "Twitter/doc" or "Twitter") ===Two parameters=== If two parameters are used in the template, the first parameter will be the page's url, while the second will be the title of the link. Example: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia|The World's best website}}</nowiki> produces *{{twitter|Wikipedia|The World's best website}} Hovering over the link shows that the template links to <tt>http://www.twitter.com/Wikipedia</tt>, whilst the link itself displays "The World's best website". <includeonly><!-- ++++ PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS BELOW THIS LINE, THANK YOU. --> [[Category:External link templates|{{PAGENAME}}]] b1c4e4ih56yd99adunw617rvl503e5w 696613 696612 2009-07-02T05:16:28Z 61.201.24.29 +ja 696613 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE. --> The template name is <nowiki>"{{Twitter}}"</nowiki>. It is used to link articles to a particular [[Twitter]] account, by the account's [[Uniform Resource Locator|URL]] and title. ==Code== <nowiki>{{Twitter|</nowiki>''link title''<nowiki>|</nowiki>''account name''<nowiki>}}</nowiki> ==Usage== ===Single parameter=== If only one parameter is used in the template, this parameter will be the page's url, with the link being the name of the Wikipedia page used on. Example: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia}}</nowiki> produces *{{twitter|Wikipedia}} Hovering over the link shows that the template links to <tt>http://www.twitter.com/Wikipedia</tt>, whilst the link itself displays the current page name (displays as "Twitter/doc" or "Twitter") ===Two parameters=== If two parameters are used in the template, the first parameter will be the page's url, while the second will be the title of the link. Example: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia|The World's best website}}</nowiki> produces *{{twitter|Wikipedia|The World's best website}} Hovering over the link shows that the template links to <tt>http://www.twitter.com/Wikipedia</tt>, whilst the link itself displays "The World's best website". <includeonly><!-- ++++ PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS BELOW THIS LINE, THANK YOU. --> [[Category:External link templates|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[ja:Template:Twitter]] </includeonly> sn3dqkjipd3gefnyjgymwxhr3vznw2e 696614 696613 2009-07-05T18:01:59Z Bud0011 65020 new category 696614 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE. --> The template name is <nowiki>"{{Twitter}}"</nowiki>. It is used to link articles to a particular [[Twitter]] account, by the account's [[Uniform Resource Locator|URL]] and title. ==Code== <nowiki>{{Twitter|</nowiki>''link title''<nowiki>|</nowiki>''account name''<nowiki>}}</nowiki> ==Usage== ===Single parameter=== If only one parameter is used in the template, this parameter will be the page's url, with the link being the name of the Wikipedia page used on. Example: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia}}</nowiki> produces *{{twitter|Wikipedia}} Hovering over the link shows that the template links to <tt>http://www.twitter.com/Wikipedia</tt>, whilst the link itself displays the current page name (displays as "Twitter/doc" or "Twitter") ===Two parameters=== If two parameters are used in the template, the first parameter will be the page's url, while the second will be the title of the link. Example: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia|The World's best website}}</nowiki> produces *{{twitter|Wikipedia|The World's best website}} Hovering over the link shows that the template links to <tt>http://www.twitter.com/Wikipedia</tt>, whilst the link itself displays "The World's best website". <includeonly><!-- ++++ PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS BELOW THIS LINE, THANK YOU. --> [[Category:External link templates|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Category:Templates to a Social Networking Site|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[ja:Template:Twitter]] </includeonly> dpyjmowp2tnmkkko2wxf0i2ceq7iqyo 696615 696614 2009-07-26T18:02:46Z Sevela.p 127 +docs iw 696615 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE. --> The template name is <nowiki>"{{Twitter}}"</nowiki>. It is used to link articles to a particular [[Twitter]] account, by the account's [[Uniform Resource Locator|URL]] and title. ==Code== <nowiki>{{Twitter|</nowiki>''link title''<nowiki>|</nowiki>''account name''<nowiki>}}</nowiki> ==Usage== ===Single parameter=== If only one parameter is used in the template, this parameter will be the page's url, with the link being the name of the Wikipedia page used on. Example: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia}}</nowiki> produces *{{twitter|Wikipedia}} Hovering over the link shows that the template links to <tt>http://www.twitter.com/Wikipedia</tt>, whilst the link itself displays the current page name (displays as "Twitter/doc" or "Twitter") ===Two parameters=== If two parameters are used in the template, the first parameter will be the page's url, while the second will be the title of the link. Example: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia|The World's best website}}</nowiki> produces *{{twitter|Wikipedia|The World's best website}} Hovering over the link shows that the template links to <tt>http://www.twitter.com/Wikipedia</tt>, whilst the link itself displays "The World's best website". [[cs:Šablona:Twitter/doc]] [[ja:Template:Twitter/doc]] <includeonly><!-- ++++ PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS BELOW THIS LINE, THANK YOU. --> [[Category:External link templates|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Category:Templates to a Social Networking Site|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[cs:Šablona:Twitter]] [[ja:Template:Twitter]] </includeonly> 6jbh2er49k2ibci97m9fal89ub5qe1e 696616 696615 2009-07-26T18:06:34Z Sevela.p 127 +<noinclude> 696616 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE. --> The template name is <nowiki>"{{Twitter}}"</nowiki>. It is used to link articles to a particular [[Twitter]] account, by the account's [[Uniform Resource Locator|URL]] and title. ==Code== <nowiki>{{Twitter|</nowiki>''link title''<nowiki>|</nowiki>''account name''<nowiki>}}</nowiki> ==Usage== ===Single parameter=== If only one parameter is used in the template, this parameter will be the page's url, with the link being the name of the Wikipedia page used on. Example: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia}}</nowiki> produces *{{twitter|Wikipedia}} Hovering over the link shows that the template links to <tt>http://www.twitter.com/Wikipedia</tt>, whilst the link itself displays the current page name (displays as "Twitter/doc" or "Twitter") ===Two parameters=== If two parameters are used in the template, the first parameter will be the page's url, while the second will be the title of the link. Example: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia|The World's best website}}</nowiki> produces *{{twitter|Wikipedia|The World's best website}} Hovering over the link shows that the template links to <tt>http://www.twitter.com/Wikipedia</tt>, whilst the link itself displays "The World's best website". <noinclude> [[cs:Šablona:Twitter/doc]] [[ja:Template:Twitter/doc]] </noinclude> <includeonly><!-- ++++ PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS BELOW THIS LINE, THANK YOU. --> [[Category:External link templates|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Category:Templates to a Social Networking Site|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[cs:Šablona:Twitter]] [[ja:Template:Twitter]] </includeonly> c4ct39fzc6akehokpn0y544n3plxl8y 696617 696616 2009-07-28T11:35:14Z en>Bobyllib 0 /* Code */ example was misleading. 696617 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE. --> The template name is <nowiki>"{{Twitter}}"</nowiki>. It is used to link articles to a particular [[Twitter]] account, by the account's [[Uniform Resource Locator|URL]] and title. ==Code== <nowiki>{{Twitter|</nowiki>''username''<nowiki>|</nowiki>''person's name''<nowiki>}}</nowiki> ==Usage== ===Single parameter=== If only one parameter is used in the template, this parameter will be the page's url, with the link being the name of the Wikipedia page used on. Example: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia}}</nowiki> produces *{{twitter|Wikipedia}} Hovering over the link shows that the template links to <tt>http://www.twitter.com/Wikipedia</tt>, whilst the link itself displays the current page name (displays as "Twitter/doc" or "Twitter") ===Two parameters=== If two parameters are used in the template, the first parameter will be the page's url, while the second will be the title of the link. Example: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia|The World's best website}}</nowiki> produces *{{twitter|Wikipedia|The World's best website}} Hovering over the link shows that the template links to <tt>http://www.twitter.com/Wikipedia</tt>, whilst the link itself displays "The World's best website". <noinclude> [[cs:Šablona:Twitter/doc]] [[ja:Template:Twitter/doc]] </noinclude> <includeonly><!-- ++++ PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS BELOW THIS LINE, THANK YOU. --> [[Category:External link templates|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Category:Templates to a Social Networking Site|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[cs:Šablona:Twitter]] [[ja:Template:Twitter]] </includeonly> soloai03ifv32diwr8mv001tjwesxon 696618 696617 2009-10-30T17:08:32Z 青子守歌 65139 cat 696618 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE. --> The template name is <nowiki>"{{Twitter}}"</nowiki>. It is used to link articles to a particular [[Twitter]] account, by the account's [[Uniform Resource Locator|URL]] and title. ==Code== <nowiki>{{Twitter|</nowiki>''username''<nowiki>|</nowiki>''person's name''<nowiki>}}</nowiki> ==Usage== ===Single parameter=== If only one parameter is used in the template, this parameter will be the page's url, with the link being the name of the Wikipedia page used on. Example: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia}}</nowiki> produces *{{twitter|Wikipedia}} Hovering over the link shows that the template links to <tt>http://www.twitter.com/Wikipedia</tt>, whilst the link itself displays the current page name (displays as "Twitter/doc" or "Twitter") ===Two parameters=== If two parameters are used in the template, the first parameter will be the page's url, while the second will be the title of the link. Example: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia|The World's best website}}</nowiki> produces *{{twitter|Wikipedia|The World's best website}} Hovering over the link shows that the template links to <tt>http://www.twitter.com/Wikipedia</tt>, whilst the link itself displays "The World's best website". <noinclude> [[cs:Šablona:Twitter/doc]] [[ja:Template:Twitter/doc]] </noinclude> <includeonly><!-- ++++ PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS BELOW THIS LINE, THANK YOU. --> {{DEFAULTSORT:Twitter}} [[Category:External link templates]] [[Category:Templates to a Social Networking Site]] [[Category:Twitter|*]] [[cs:Šablona:Twitter]] [[ja:Template:Twitter]] </includeonly> l4bf261reauqsyofo2wi6ec9e92xub8 696619 696618 2009-11-02T21:04:23Z 79.66.18.45 /* Code */ http://twitter.com/airtrafficlive 696619 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE. --> The template name is <nowiki>"{{Twitter}}"</nowiki>. It is used to link articles to a particular [[Twitter]] account, by the account's [[Uniform Resource Locator|URL]] and title. ==Code== <nowiki>{{Twitter|</nowiki>''airtrafficlive''<nowiki>|</nowiki>''person's name''<nowiki>}}</nowiki> ==Usage== ===Single parameter=== If only one parameter is used in the template, this parameter will be the page's url, with the link being the name of the Wikipedia page used on. Example: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia}}</nowiki> produces *{{twitter|Wikipedia}} Hovering over the link shows that the template links to <tt>http://www.twitter.com/Wikipedia</tt>, whilst the link itself displays the current page name (displays as "Twitter/doc" or "Twitter") ===Two parameters=== If two parameters are used in the template, the first parameter will be the page's url, while the second will be the title of the link. Example: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia|The World's best website}}</nowiki> produces *{{twitter|Wikipedia|The World's best website}} Hovering over the link shows that the template links to <tt>http://www.twitter.com/Wikipedia</tt>, whilst the link itself displays "The World's best website". <noinclude> [[cs:Šablona:Twitter/doc]] [[ja:Template:Twitter/doc]] </noinclude> <includeonly><!-- ++++ PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS BELOW THIS LINE, THANK YOU. --> {{DEFAULTSORT:Twitter}} [[Category:External link templates]] [[Category:Templates to a Social Networking Site]] [[Category:Twitter|*]] [[cs:Šablona:Twitter]] [[ja:Template:Twitter]] </includeonly> 4qwa3z2i7phlxc2b34z5hoe1d0ktyoz 696620 696619 2010-01-15T04:58:00Z Dabomb87 28337 disclaimer 696620 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE. --> The template name is <nowiki>"{{Twitter}}"</nowiki>. It is used to link articles to a particular [[Twitter]] account, by the account's [[Uniform Resource Locator|URL]] and title. ==Code== <nowiki>{{Twitter|</nowiki>''airtrafficlive''<nowiki>|</nowiki>''person's name''<nowiki>}}</nowiki> ==Usage== ===Single parameter=== If only one parameter is used in the template, this parameter will be the page's url, with the link being the name of the Wikipedia page used on. Example: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia}}</nowiki> produces *{{twitter|Wikipedia}} Hovering over the link shows that the template links to <tt>http://www.twitter.com/Wikipedia</tt>, whilst the link itself displays the current page name (displays as "Twitter/doc" or "Twitter") The [[Wikipedia:External links|external links guideline]] recommends [[WP:ELNO|avoiding links to Twitter]] unless the Twitter feed is an [[WP:ELOFFICIAL|an official account]] "controlled by the subject (organization or individual person) of the Wikipedia article". ===Two parameters=== If two parameters are used in the template, the first parameter will be the page's url, while the second will be the title of the link. Example: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia|The World's best website}}</nowiki> produces *{{twitter|Wikipedia|The World's best website}} Hovering over the link shows that the template links to <tt>http://www.twitter.com/Wikipedia</tt>, whilst the link itself displays "The World's best website". <noinclude> [[cs:Šablona:Twitter/doc]] [[ja:Template:Twitter/doc]] </noinclude> <includeonly><!-- ++++ PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS BELOW THIS LINE, THANK YOU. --> {{DEFAULTSORT:Twitter}} [[Category:External link templates]] [[Category:Templates to a Social Networking Site]] [[Category:Twitter|*]] [[cs:Šablona:Twitter]] [[ja:Template:Twitter]] </includeonly> s7wy78eprnfnxyvdvhdcxfpskl691it 696621 696620 2010-01-15T04:58:53Z Dabomb87 28337 /* Usage */ move 696621 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE. --> The template name is <nowiki>"{{Twitter}}"</nowiki>. It is used to link articles to a particular [[Twitter]] account, by the account's [[Uniform Resource Locator|URL]] and title. ==Code== <nowiki>{{Twitter|</nowiki>''airtrafficlive''<nowiki>|</nowiki>''person's name''<nowiki>}}</nowiki> ==Usage== The [[Wikipedia:External links|external links guideline]] recommends [[WP:ELNO|avoiding links to Twitter]] unless the Twitter feed is an [[WP:ELOFFICIAL|an official account]] "controlled by the subject (organization or individual person) of the Wikipedia article". ===Single parameter=== If only one parameter is used in the template, this parameter will be the page's url, with the link being the name of the Wikipedia page used on. Example: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia}}</nowiki> produces *{{twitter|Wikipedia}} Hovering over the link shows that the template links to <tt>http://www.twitter.com/Wikipedia</tt>, whilst the link itself displays the current page name (displays as "Twitter/doc" or "Twitter") ===Two parameters=== If two parameters are used in the template, the first parameter will be the page's url, while the second will be the title of the link. Example: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia|The World's best website}}</nowiki> produces *{{twitter|Wikipedia|The World's best website}} Hovering over the link shows that the template links to <tt>http://www.twitter.com/Wikipedia</tt>, whilst the link itself displays "The World's best website". <noinclude> [[cs:Šablona:Twitter/doc]] [[ja:Template:Twitter/doc]] </noinclude> <includeonly><!-- ++++ PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS BELOW THIS LINE, THANK YOU. --> {{DEFAULTSORT:Twitter}} [[Category:External link templates]] [[Category:Templates to a Social Networking Site]] [[Category:Twitter|*]] [[cs:Šablona:Twitter]] [[ja:Template:Twitter]] </includeonly> 1x6rx9brty2wep198qajpybpqazonx1 696622 696621 2010-01-15T19:43:00Z WhatamIdoing 5550 /* Usage */ Hoax problem 696622 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE. --> The template name is <nowiki>"{{Twitter}}"</nowiki>. It is used to link articles to a particular [[Twitter]] account, by the account's [[Uniform Resource Locator|URL]] and title. ==Code== <nowiki>{{Twitter|</nowiki>''airtrafficlive''<nowiki>|</nowiki>''person's name''<nowiki>}}</nowiki> ==Usage== The [[Wikipedia:External links|external links guideline]] recommends [[WP:ELNO|avoiding links to Twitter]] unless the Twitter feed is an [[WP:ELOFFICIAL|an official account]] "controlled by the subject (organization or individual person) of the Wikipedia article". Multiple hoax and "fan" accounts have been discovered; please make a particular effort to verify the authenticity of any official links. Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], such as newspaper stories, about the subject, or linked by other subject-controlled sources. Wikipedia is [[WP:NOTDIR|not comprehensive directory of a subject's web presence]]. Linking to Twitter and social networking sites is discouraged if the links are easily found at the subject's main website or other official link. ===Single parameter=== If only one parameter is used in the template, this parameter will be the page's url, with the link being the name of the Wikipedia page used on. Example: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia}}</nowiki> produces *{{twitter|Wikipedia}} Hovering over the link shows that the template links to <tt>http://www.twitter.com/Wikipedia</tt>, whilst the link itself displays the current page name (displays as "Twitter/doc" or "Twitter") ===Two parameters=== If two parameters are used in the template, the first parameter will be the page's url, while the second will be the title of the link. Example: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia|The World's best website}}</nowiki> produces *{{twitter|Wikipedia|The World's best website}} Hovering over the link shows that the template links to <tt>http://www.twitter.com/Wikipedia</tt>, whilst the link itself displays "The World's best website". <noinclude> [[cs:Šablona:Twitter/doc]] [[ja:Template:Twitter/doc]] </noinclude> <includeonly><!-- ++++ PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS BELOW THIS LINE, THANK YOU. --> {{DEFAULTSORT:Twitter}} [[Category:External link templates]] [[Category:Templates to a Social Networking Site]] [[Category:Twitter|*]] [[cs:Šablona:Twitter]] [[ja:Template:Twitter]] </includeonly> 099rpgkgqux03fq9ffb0pxxuty7xf1k 696623 696622 2010-02-08T03:35:11Z Good Olfactory 14645 category was renamed 696623 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE. --> The template name is <nowiki>"{{Twitter}}"</nowiki>. It is used to link articles to a particular [[Twitter]] account, by the account's [[Uniform Resource Locator|URL]] and title. ==Code== <nowiki>{{Twitter|</nowiki>''airtrafficlive''<nowiki>|</nowiki>''person's name''<nowiki>}}</nowiki> ==Usage== The [[Wikipedia:External links|external links guideline]] recommends [[WP:ELNO|avoiding links to Twitter]] unless the Twitter feed is an [[WP:ELOFFICIAL|an official account]] "controlled by the subject (organization or individual person) of the Wikipedia article". Multiple hoax and "fan" accounts have been discovered; please make a particular effort to verify the authenticity of any official links. Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], such as newspaper stories, about the subject, or linked by other subject-controlled sources. Wikipedia is [[WP:NOTDIR|not comprehensive directory of a subject's web presence]]. Linking to Twitter and social networking sites is discouraged if the links are easily found at the subject's main website or other official link. ===Single parameter=== If only one parameter is used in the template, this parameter will be the page's url, with the link being the name of the Wikipedia page used on. Example: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia}}</nowiki> produces *{{twitter|Wikipedia}} Hovering over the link shows that the template links to <tt>http://www.twitter.com/Wikipedia</tt>, whilst the link itself displays the current page name (displays as "Twitter/doc" or "Twitter") ===Two parameters=== If two parameters are used in the template, the first parameter will be the page's url, while the second will be the title of the link. Example: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia|The World's best website}}</nowiki> produces *{{twitter|Wikipedia|The World's best website}} Hovering over the link shows that the template links to <tt>http://www.twitter.com/Wikipedia</tt>, whilst the link itself displays "The World's best website". <noinclude> [[cs:Šablona:Twitter/doc]] [[ja:Template:Twitter/doc]] </noinclude> <includeonly><!-- ++++ PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS BELOW THIS LINE, THANK YOU. --> {{DEFAULTSORT:Twitter}} [[Category:External link templates]] [[Category:Templates for linking to a social networking site]] [[Category:Twitter|*]] [[cs:Šablona:Twitter]] [[ja:Template:Twitter]] </includeonly> o30bvpcutyhmecokxh6v56cyc56nbvh 696624 696623 2010-03-24T23:25:41Z Emijrp 723 im going to create it 696624 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE. --> The template name is <nowiki>"{{Twitter}}"</nowiki>. It is used to link articles to a particular [[Twitter]] account, by the account's [[Uniform Resource Locator|URL]] and title. ==Code== <nowiki>{{Twitter|</nowiki>''airtrafficlive''<nowiki>|</nowiki>''person's name''<nowiki>}}</nowiki> ==Usage== The [[Wikipedia:External links|external links guideline]] recommends [[WP:ELNO|avoiding links to Twitter]] unless the Twitter feed is an [[WP:ELOFFICIAL|an official account]] "controlled by the subject (organization or individual person) of the Wikipedia article". Multiple hoax and "fan" accounts have been discovered; please make a particular effort to verify the authenticity of any official links. Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], such as newspaper stories, about the subject, or linked by other subject-controlled sources. Wikipedia is [[WP:NOTDIR|not comprehensive directory of a subject's web presence]]. Linking to Twitter and social networking sites is discouraged if the links are easily found at the subject's main website or other official link. ===Single parameter=== If only one parameter is used in the template, this parameter will be the page's url, with the link being the name of the Wikipedia page used on. Example: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia}}</nowiki> produces *{{twitter|Wikipedia}} Hovering over the link shows that the template links to <tt>http://www.twitter.com/Wikipedia</tt>, whilst the link itself displays the current page name (displays as "Twitter/doc" or "Twitter") ===Two parameters=== If two parameters are used in the template, the first parameter will be the page's url, while the second will be the title of the link. Example: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia|The World's best website}}</nowiki> produces *{{twitter|Wikipedia|The World's best website}} Hovering over the link shows that the template links to <tt>http://www.twitter.com/Wikipedia</tt>, whilst the link itself displays "The World's best website". <noinclude> [[cs:Šablona:Twitter/doc]] [[ja:Template:Twitter/doc]] </noinclude> <includeonly><!-- ++++ PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS BELOW THIS LINE, THANK YOU. --> {{DEFAULTSORT:Twitter}} [[Category:External link templates]] [[Category:Templates for linking to a social networking site]] [[Category:Twitter|*]] [[cs:Šablona:Twitter]] [[es:Plantilla:Twitter]] [[ja:Template:Twitter]] </includeonly> s2tk4p4jv537v2txwf4t9j9exjdq7d5 696625 696624 2010-05-07T14:57:04Z 777sms 13826 696625 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE. --> The template name is <nowiki>"{{Twitter}}"</nowiki>. It is used to link articles to a particular [[Twitter]] account, by the account's [[Uniform Resource Locator|URL]] and title. ==Code== <nowiki>{{Twitter|</nowiki>''airtrafficlive''<nowiki>|</nowiki>''person's name''<nowiki>}}</nowiki> ==Usage== The [[Wikipedia:External links|external links guideline]] recommends [[WP:ELNO|avoiding links to Twitter]] unless the Twitter feed is an [[WP:ELOFFICIAL|an official account]] "controlled by the subject (organization or individual person) of the Wikipedia article". Multiple hoax and "fan" accounts have been discovered; please make a particular effort to verify the authenticity of any official links. Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], such as newspaper stories, about the subject, or linked by other subject-controlled sources. Wikipedia is [[WP:NOTDIR|not comprehensive directory of a subject's web presence]]. Linking to Twitter and social networking sites is discouraged if the links are easily found at the subject's main website or other official link. ===Single parameter=== If only one parameter is used in the template, this parameter will be the page's url, with the link being the name of the Wikipedia page used on. Example: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia}}</nowiki> produces *{{twitter|Wikipedia}} Hovering over the link shows that the template links to <tt>http://www.twitter.com/Wikipedia</tt>, whilst the link itself displays the current page name (displays as "Twitter/doc" or "Twitter") ===Two parameters=== If two parameters are used in the template, the first parameter will be the page's url, while the second will be the title of the link. Example: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia|The World's best website}}</nowiki> produces *{{twitter|Wikipedia|The World's best website}} Hovering over the link shows that the template links to <tt>http://www.twitter.com/Wikipedia</tt>, whilst the link itself displays "The World's best website". <noinclude> [[cs:Šablona:Twitter/doc]] [[ja:Template:Twitter/doc]] </noinclude> <includeonly><!-- ++++ PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS BELOW THIS LINE, THANK YOU. --> {{DEFAULTSORT:Twitter}} [[Category:External link templates]] [[Category:Templates for linking to a social networking site]] [[Category:Twitter|*]] [[cs:Šablona:Twitter]] [[es:Plantilla:Twitter]] [[ko:틀:트위터]] [[ja:Template:Twitter]] </includeonly> i9bz5bwdityit0ulekzctlag76k6qsv 696626 696625 2010-05-11T10:01:05Z Drundia 65140 696626 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE. --> The template name is <nowiki>"{{Twitter}}"</nowiki>. It is used to link articles to a particular [[Twitter]] account, by the account's [[Uniform Resource Locator|URL]] and title. ==Code== <nowiki>{{Twitter|</nowiki>''airtrafficlive''<nowiki>|</nowiki>''person's name''<nowiki>}}</nowiki> ==Usage== The [[Wikipedia:External links|external links guideline]] recommends [[WP:ELNO|avoiding links to Twitter]] unless the Twitter feed is an [[WP:ELOFFICIAL|an official account]] "controlled by the subject (organization or individual person) of the Wikipedia article". Multiple hoax and "fan" accounts have been discovered; please make a particular effort to verify the authenticity of any official links. Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], such as newspaper stories, about the subject, or linked by other subject-controlled sources. Wikipedia is [[WP:NOTDIR|not comprehensive directory of a subject's web presence]]. Linking to Twitter and social networking sites is discouraged if the links are easily found at the subject's main website or other official link. ===Single parameter=== If only one parameter is used in the template, this parameter will be the page's url, with the link being the name of the Wikipedia page used on. Example: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia}}</nowiki> produces *{{twitter|Wikipedia}} Hovering over the link shows that the template links to <tt>http://www.twitter.com/Wikipedia</tt>, whilst the link itself displays the current page name (displays as "Twitter/doc" or "Twitter") ===Two parameters=== If two parameters are used in the template, the first parameter will be the page's url, while the second will be the title of the link. Example: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia|The World's best website}}</nowiki> produces *{{twitter|Wikipedia|The World's best website}} Hovering over the link shows that the template links to <tt>http://www.twitter.com/Wikipedia</tt>, whilst the link itself displays "The World's best website". <noinclude> [[cs:Šablona:Twitter/doc]] [[ja:Template:Twitter/doc]] </noinclude> <includeonly><!-- ++++ PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS BELOW THIS LINE, THANK YOU. --> {{DEFAULTSORT:Twitter}} [[Category:External link templates]] [[Category:Templates for linking to a social networking site]] [[Category:Twitter|*]] [[cs:Šablona:Twitter]] [[es:Plantilla:Twitter]] [[ko:틀:트위터]] [[ja:Template:Twitter]] [[uk:Шаблон:Twitter]] </includeonly> q3agc6hx3jf1chtmvaib4j0u4q4wkfw 696627 696626 2010-09-23T06:15:02Z Rat2 44249 696627 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE. --> The template name is <nowiki>"{{Twitter}}"</nowiki>. It is used to link articles to a particular [[Twitter]] account, by the account's [[Uniform Resource Locator|URL]] and title. ==Code== <nowiki>{{Twitter|</nowiki>''airtrafficlive''<nowiki>|</nowiki>''person's name''<nowiki>}}</nowiki> ==Usage== The [[Wikipedia:External links|external links guideline]] recommends [[WP:ELNO|avoiding links to Twitter]] unless the Twitter feed is an [[WP:ELOFFICIAL|an official account]] "controlled by the subject (organization or individual person) of the Wikipedia article". Multiple hoax and "fan" accounts have been discovered; please make a particular effort to verify the authenticity of any official links. Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], such as newspaper stories, about the subject, or linked by other subject-controlled sources. Wikipedia is [[WP:NOTDIR|not comprehensive directory of a subject's web presence]]. Linking to Twitter and social networking sites is discouraged if the links are easily found at the subject's main website or other official link. ===Single parameter=== If only one parameter is used in the template, this parameter will be the page's url, with the link being the name of the Wikipedia page used on. Example: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia}}</nowiki> produces *{{twitter|Wikipedia}} Hovering over the link shows that the template links to <tt>http://www.twitter.com/Wikipedia</tt>, whilst the link itself displays the current page name (displays as "Twitter/doc" or "Twitter") ===Two parameters=== If two parameters are used in the template, the first parameter will be the page's url, while the second will be the title of the link. Example: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia|The World's best website}}</nowiki> produces *{{twitter|Wikipedia|The World's best website}} Hovering over the link shows that the template links to <tt>http://www.twitter.com/Wikipedia</tt>, whilst the link itself displays "The World's best website". <noinclude> [[cs:Šablona:Twitter/doc]] [[ja:Template:Twitter/doc]] </noinclude> <includeonly><!-- ++++ PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS BELOW THIS LINE, THANK YOU. --> {{DEFAULTSORT:Twitter}} [[Category:External link templates]] [[Category:Templates for linking to a social networking site]] [[Category:Twitter|*]] [[cs:Šablona:Twitter]] [[es:Plantilla:Twitter]] [[ko:틀:트위터]] [[ja:Template:Twitter]] [[uk:Шаблон:Twitter]] [[zh:Template:Twitter]] </includeonly> khkvu0q4mr37ehbze6yb3f23ro8tpjp 696628 696627 2010-10-04T18:37:49Z Theilert 20704 +no 696628 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE. --> The template name is <nowiki>"{{Twitter}}"</nowiki>. It is used to link articles to a particular [[Twitter]] account, by the account's [[Uniform Resource Locator|URL]] and title. ==Code== <nowiki>{{Twitter|</nowiki>''airtrafficlive''<nowiki>|</nowiki>''person's name''<nowiki>}}</nowiki> ==Usage== The [[Wikipedia:External links|external links guideline]] recommends [[WP:ELNO|avoiding links to Twitter]] unless the Twitter feed is an [[WP:ELOFFICIAL|an official account]] "controlled by the subject (organization or individual person) of the Wikipedia article". Multiple hoax and "fan" accounts have been discovered; please make a particular effort to verify the authenticity of any official links. Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], such as newspaper stories, about the subject, or linked by other subject-controlled sources. Wikipedia is [[WP:NOTDIR|not comprehensive directory of a subject's web presence]]. Linking to Twitter and social networking sites is discouraged if the links are easily found at the subject's main website or other official link. ===Single parameter=== If only one parameter is used in the template, this parameter will be the page's url, with the link being the name of the Wikipedia page used on. Example: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia}}</nowiki> produces *{{twitter|Wikipedia}} Hovering over the link shows that the template links to <tt>http://www.twitter.com/Wikipedia</tt>, whilst the link itself displays the current page name (displays as "Twitter/doc" or "Twitter") ===Two parameters=== If two parameters are used in the template, the first parameter will be the page's url, while the second will be the title of the link. Example: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia|The World's best website}}</nowiki> produces *{{twitter|Wikipedia|The World's best website}} Hovering over the link shows that the template links to <tt>http://www.twitter.com/Wikipedia</tt>, whilst the link itself displays "The World's best website". <noinclude> [[cs:Šablona:Twitter/doc]] [[ja:Template:Twitter/doc]] </noinclude> <includeonly><!-- ++++ PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS BELOW THIS LINE, THANK YOU. --> {{DEFAULTSORT:Twitter}} [[Category:External link templates]] [[Category:Templates for linking to a social networking site]] [[Category:Twitter|*]] [[cs:Šablona:Twitter]] [[es:Plantilla:Twitter]] [[ko:틀:트위터]] [[ja:Template:Twitter]] [[no:Mal:Twitter]] [[uk:Шаблон:Twitter]] [[zh:Template:Twitter]] </includeonly> ll6sum3k2ujh1auvo2bmjbdj9msdgle 696629 696628 2010-10-18T17:53:10Z Mhiji 31328 696629 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE. --> The template name is <nowiki>"{{Twitter}}"</nowiki>. It is used to link articles to a particular [[Twitter]] account, by the account's [[Uniform Resource Locator|URL]] and title. ==Code== <nowiki>{{Twitter|</nowiki>''airtrafficlive''<nowiki>|</nowiki>''person's name''<nowiki>}}</nowiki> ==Usage== The [[Wikipedia:External links|external links guideline]] recommends [[WP:ELNO|avoiding links to Twitter]] unless the Twitter feed is an [[WP:ELOFFICIAL|an official account]] "controlled by the subject (organization or individual person) of the Wikipedia article". Multiple hoax and "fan" accounts have been discovered; please make a particular effort to verify the authenticity of any official links. Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], such as newspaper stories, about the subject, or linked by other subject-controlled sources. Wikipedia is [[WP:NOTDIR|not comprehensive directory of a subject's web presence]]. Linking to Twitter and social networking sites is discouraged if the links are easily found at the subject's main website or other official link. ===Single parameter=== If only one parameter is used in the template, this parameter will be the page's url, with the link being the name of the Wikipedia page used on. Example: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia}}</nowiki> produces *{{twitter|Wikipedia}} Hovering over the link shows that the template links to <tt>http://twitter.com/Wikipedia</tt>, whilst the link itself displays the current page name (displays as "Twitter/doc" or "Twitter") ===Two parameters=== If two parameters are used in the template, the first parameter will be the page's url, while the second will be the title of the link. Example: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia|The World's best website}}</nowiki> produces *{{twitter|Wikipedia|The World's best website}} Hovering over the link shows that the template links to <tt>http://www.twitter.com/Wikipedia</tt>, whilst the link itself displays "The World's best website". <noinclude> [[cs:Šablona:Twitter/doc]] [[ja:Template:Twitter/doc]] </noinclude> <includeonly><!-- ++++ PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS BELOW THIS LINE, THANK YOU. --> {{DEFAULTSORT:Twitter}} [[Category:External link templates]] [[Category:Templates for linking to a social networking site]] [[Category:Twitter|*]] [[cs:Šablona:Twitter]] [[es:Plantilla:Twitter]] [[ko:틀:트위터]] [[ja:Template:Twitter]] [[no:Mal:Twitter]] [[uk:Шаблон:Twitter]] [[zh:Template:Twitter]] </includeonly> our2qbtsdy5bcmj5mokzya9611nhm34 696630 696629 2010-10-18T17:53:38Z Mhiji 31328 /* Two parameters */ 696630 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE. --> The template name is <nowiki>"{{Twitter}}"</nowiki>. It is used to link articles to a particular [[Twitter]] account, by the account's [[Uniform Resource Locator|URL]] and title. ==Code== <nowiki>{{Twitter|</nowiki>''airtrafficlive''<nowiki>|</nowiki>''person's name''<nowiki>}}</nowiki> ==Usage== The [[Wikipedia:External links|external links guideline]] recommends [[WP:ELNO|avoiding links to Twitter]] unless the Twitter feed is an [[WP:ELOFFICIAL|an official account]] "controlled by the subject (organization or individual person) of the Wikipedia article". Multiple hoax and "fan" accounts have been discovered; please make a particular effort to verify the authenticity of any official links. Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], such as newspaper stories, about the subject, or linked by other subject-controlled sources. Wikipedia is [[WP:NOTDIR|not comprehensive directory of a subject's web presence]]. Linking to Twitter and social networking sites is discouraged if the links are easily found at the subject's main website or other official link. ===Single parameter=== If only one parameter is used in the template, this parameter will be the page's url, with the link being the name of the Wikipedia page used on. Example: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia}}</nowiki> produces *{{twitter|Wikipedia}} Hovering over the link shows that the template links to <tt>http://twitter.com/Wikipedia</tt>, whilst the link itself displays the current page name (displays as "Twitter/doc" or "Twitter") ===Two parameters=== If two parameters are used in the template, the first parameter will be the page's url, while the second will be the title of the link. Example: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia|The World's best website}}</nowiki> produces *{{twitter|Wikipedia|The World's best website}} Hovering over the link shows that the template links to <tt>http://twitter.com/Wikipedia</tt>, whilst the link itself displays "The World's best website". <noinclude> [[cs:Šablona:Twitter/doc]] [[ja:Template:Twitter/doc]] </noinclude> <includeonly><!-- ++++ PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS BELOW THIS LINE, THANK YOU. --> {{DEFAULTSORT:Twitter}} [[Category:External link templates]] [[Category:Templates for linking to a social networking site]] [[Category:Twitter|*]] [[cs:Šablona:Twitter]] [[es:Plantilla:Twitter]] [[ko:틀:트위터]] [[ja:Template:Twitter]] [[no:Mal:Twitter]] [[uk:Шаблон:Twitter]] [[zh:Template:Twitter]] </includeonly> cvqp8tk4pp8lkqu1jonv3jnqcjtxo4o 696631 696630 2010-11-04T04:37:02Z Auntof6 7628 rem parent cat 696631 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE. --> The template name is <nowiki>"{{Twitter}}"</nowiki>. It is used to link articles to a particular [[Twitter]] account, by the account's [[Uniform Resource Locator|URL]] and title. ==Code== <nowiki>{{Twitter|</nowiki>''airtrafficlive''<nowiki>|</nowiki>''person's name''<nowiki>}}</nowiki> ==Usage== The [[Wikipedia:External links|external links guideline]] recommends [[WP:ELNO|avoiding links to Twitter]] unless the Twitter feed is an [[WP:ELOFFICIAL|an official account]] "controlled by the subject (organization or individual person) of the Wikipedia article". Multiple hoax and "fan" accounts have been discovered; please make a particular effort to verify the authenticity of any official links. Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], such as newspaper stories, about the subject, or linked by other subject-controlled sources. Wikipedia is [[WP:NOTDIR|not comprehensive directory of a subject's web presence]]. Linking to Twitter and social networking sites is discouraged if the links are easily found at the subject's main website or other official link. ===Single parameter=== If only one parameter is used in the template, this parameter will be the page's url, with the link being the name of the Wikipedia page used on. Example: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia}}</nowiki> produces *{{twitter|Wikipedia}} Hovering over the link shows that the template links to <tt>http://twitter.com/Wikipedia</tt>, whilst the link itself displays the current page name (displays as "Twitter/doc" or "Twitter") ===Two parameters=== If two parameters are used in the template, the first parameter will be the page's url, while the second will be the title of the link. Example: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia|The World's best website}}</nowiki> produces *{{twitter|Wikipedia|The World's best website}} Hovering over the link shows that the template links to <tt>http://twitter.com/Wikipedia</tt>, whilst the link itself displays "The World's best website". <noinclude> [[cs:Šablona:Twitter/doc]] [[ja:Template:Twitter/doc]] </noinclude> <includeonly><!-- ++++ PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS BELOW THIS LINE, THANK YOU. --> {{DEFAULTSORT:Twitter}} [[Category:Templates for linking to a social networking site]] [[Category:Twitter|*]] [[cs:Šablona:Twitter]] [[es:Plantilla:Twitter]] [[ko:틀:트위터]] [[ja:Template:Twitter]] [[no:Mal:Twitter]] [[uk:Шаблон:Twitter]] [[zh:Template:Twitter]] </includeonly> om42wbwslat29rbi1bvp45ollyjqkrx 696632 696631 2010-11-16T16:04:22Z Mhiji 31328 696632 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE. --> The template name is <nowiki>"{{Twitter}}"</nowiki>. It is used to link articles to a particular [[Twitter]] account, by the account's [[Uniform Resource Locator|URL]] and title. ==Usage== The [[Wikipedia:External links|external links guideline]] recommends [[WP:ELNO|avoiding links to Twitter]] unless the Twitter feed is an [[WP:ELOFFICIAL|an official account]] "controlled by the subject (organization or individual person) of the Wikipedia article". Multiple hoax and "fan" accounts have been discovered; please make a particular effort to verify the authenticity of any official links. Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], such as newspaper stories, about the subject, or linked by other subject-controlled sources. Wikipedia is [[WP:NOTDIR|not comprehensive directory of a subject's web presence]]. Linking to Twitter and social networking sites is discouraged if the links are easily found at the subject's main website or other official link. ===Single parameter=== If only one parameter is used in the template, this parameter will be the page's url, with the link being the name of the Wikipedia page used on. Example: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia}}</nowiki> produces *{{twitter|Wikipedia}} Hovering over the link shows that the template links to <tt>http://twitter.com/Wikipedia</tt>, whilst the link itself displays the current page name (displays as "Twitter/doc" or "Twitter") ===Two parameters=== If two parameters are used in the template, the first parameter will be the page's url, while the second will be the title of the link. Example: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia|The World's best website}}</nowiki> produces *{{twitter|Wikipedia|The World's best website}} Hovering over the link shows that the template links to <tt>http://twitter.com/Wikipedia</tt>, whilst the link itself displays "The World's best website". <noinclude> [[cs:Šablona:Twitter/doc]] [[ja:Template:Twitter/doc]] </noinclude> <includeonly><!-- ++++ PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS BELOW THIS LINE, THANK YOU. --> {{DEFAULTSORT:Twitter}} [[Category:Templates for linking to a social networking site]] [[Category:Twitter|*]] [[cs:Šablona:Twitter]] [[es:Plantilla:Twitter]] [[ko:틀:트위터]] [[ja:Template:Twitter]] [[no:Mal:Twitter]] [[uk:Шаблон:Twitter]] [[zh:Template:Twitter]] </includeonly> 90f1uabv0xqaa3lozq6yjb4rif9li5o 696633 696632 2011-01-06T21:50:39Z Moxy 38151 ==See also == *[[Wikipedia:TWITTER ]] 696633 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE. --> The template name is <nowiki>"{{Twitter}}"</nowiki>. It is used to link articles to a particular [[Twitter]] account, by the account's [[Uniform Resource Locator|URL]] and title. ==Usage== The [[Wikipedia:External links|external links guideline]] recommends [[WP:ELNO|avoiding links to Twitter]] unless the Twitter feed is an [[WP:ELOFFICIAL|an official account]] "controlled by the subject (organization or individual person) of the Wikipedia article". Multiple hoax and "fan" accounts have been discovered; please make a particular effort to verify the authenticity of any official links. Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], such as newspaper stories, about the subject, or linked by other subject-controlled sources. Wikipedia is [[WP:NOTDIR|not comprehensive directory of a subject's web presence]]. Linking to Twitter and social networking sites is discouraged if the links are easily found at the subject's main website or other official link. ===Single parameter=== If only one parameter is used in the template, this parameter will be the page's url, with the link being the name of the Wikipedia page used on. Example: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia}}</nowiki> produces *{{twitter|Wikipedia}} Hovering over the link shows that the template links to <tt>http://twitter.com/Wikipedia</tt>, whilst the link itself displays the current page name (displays as "Twitter/doc" or "Twitter") ===Two parameters=== If two parameters are used in the template, the first parameter will be the page's url, while the second will be the title of the link. Example: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia|The World's best website}}</nowiki> produces *{{twitter|Wikipedia|The World's best website}} Hovering over the link shows that the template links to <tt>http://twitter.com/Wikipedia</tt>, whilst the link itself displays "The World's best website". ==See also == *[[Wikipedia:TWITTER]] <noinclude> [[cs:Šablona:Twitter/doc]] [[ja:Template:Twitter/doc]] </noinclude> <includeonly><!-- ++++ PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS BELOW THIS LINE, THANK YOU. --> {{DEFAULTSORT:Twitter}} [[Category:Templates for linking to a social networking site]] [[Category:Twitter|*]] [[cs:Šablona:Twitter]] [[es:Plantilla:Twitter]] [[ko:틀:트위터]] [[ja:Template:Twitter]] [[no:Mal:Twitter]] [[uk:Шаблон:Twitter]] [[zh:Template:Twitter]] </includeonly> gpgckgeut83q691r96bjvs6r4pvczaf 696634 696633 2011-01-08T08:38:54Z 今古庸龍 62622 [[zh:Template:Twitter/doc]] 696634 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE. --> The template name is <nowiki>"{{Twitter}}"</nowiki>. It is used to link articles to a particular [[Twitter]] account, by the account's [[Uniform Resource Locator|URL]] and title. ==Usage== The [[Wikipedia:External links|external links guideline]] recommends [[WP:ELNO|avoiding links to Twitter]] unless the Twitter feed is an [[WP:ELOFFICIAL|an official account]] "controlled by the subject (organization or individual person) of the Wikipedia article". Multiple hoax and "fan" accounts have been discovered; please make a particular effort to verify the authenticity of any official links. Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], such as newspaper stories, about the subject, or linked by other subject-controlled sources. Wikipedia is [[WP:NOTDIR|not comprehensive directory of a subject's web presence]]. Linking to Twitter and social networking sites is discouraged if the links are easily found at the subject's main website or other official link. ===Single parameter=== If only one parameter is used in the template, this parameter will be the page's url, with the link being the name of the Wikipedia page used on. Example: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia}}</nowiki> produces *{{twitter|Wikipedia}} Hovering over the link shows that the template links to <tt>http://twitter.com/Wikipedia</tt>, whilst the link itself displays the current page name (displays as "Twitter/doc" or "Twitter") ===Two parameters=== If two parameters are used in the template, the first parameter will be the page's url, while the second will be the title of the link. Example: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia|The World's best website}}</nowiki> produces *{{twitter|Wikipedia|The World's best website}} Hovering over the link shows that the template links to <tt>http://twitter.com/Wikipedia</tt>, whilst the link itself displays "The World's best website". ==See also == *[[Wikipedia:TWITTER]] <noinclude> [[cs:Šablona:Twitter/doc]] [[ja:Template:Twitter/doc]] [[zh:Template:Twitter/doc]] </noinclude> <includeonly><!-- ++++ PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS BELOW THIS LINE, THANK YOU. --> {{DEFAULTSORT:Twitter}} [[Category:Templates for linking to a social networking site]] [[Category:Twitter|*]] [[cs:Šablona:Twitter]] [[es:Plantilla:Twitter]] [[ko:틀:트위터]] [[ja:Template:Twitter]] [[no:Mal:Twitter]] [[uk:Шаблон:Twitter]] [[zh:Template:Twitter]] </includeonly> 03buar3kodu8ju7dzj3iqta1jbyw0tu 696635 696634 2011-01-08T11:35:40Z SilkTork 31294 /* Usage */ {{See also|Wikipedia:External links/Perennial websites}} 696635 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE. --> The template name is <nowiki>"{{Twitter}}"</nowiki>. It is used to link articles to a particular [[Twitter]] account, by the account's [[Uniform Resource Locator|URL]] and title. ==Usage== {{See also|Wikipedia:External links/Perennial websites}} The [[Wikipedia:External links|external links guideline]] recommends [[WP:ELNO|avoiding links to Twitter]] unless the Twitter feed is an [[WP:ELOFFICIAL|an official account]] "controlled by the subject (organization or individual person) of the Wikipedia article". Multiple hoax and "fan" accounts have been discovered; please make a particular effort to verify the authenticity of any official links. Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], such as newspaper stories, about the subject, or linked by other subject-controlled sources. Wikipedia is [[WP:NOTDIR|not comprehensive directory of a subject's web presence]]. Linking to Twitter and social networking sites is discouraged if the links are easily found at the subject's main website or other official link. ===Single parameter=== If only one parameter is used in the template, this parameter will be the page's url, with the link being the name of the Wikipedia page used on. Example: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia}}</nowiki> produces *{{twitter|Wikipedia}} Hovering over the link shows that the template links to <tt>http://twitter.com/Wikipedia</tt>, whilst the link itself displays the current page name (displays as "Twitter/doc" or "Twitter") ===Two parameters=== If two parameters are used in the template, the first parameter will be the page's url, while the second will be the title of the link. Example: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia|The World's best website}}</nowiki> produces *{{twitter|Wikipedia|The World's best website}} Hovering over the link shows that the template links to <tt>http://twitter.com/Wikipedia</tt>, whilst the link itself displays "The World's best website". ==See also == *[[Wikipedia:TWITTER]] <noinclude> [[cs:Šablona:Twitter/doc]] [[ja:Template:Twitter/doc]] [[zh:Template:Twitter/doc]] </noinclude> <includeonly><!-- ++++ PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS BELOW THIS LINE, THANK YOU. --> {{DEFAULTSORT:Twitter}} [[Category:Templates for linking to a social networking site]] [[Category:Twitter|*]] [[cs:Šablona:Twitter]] [[es:Plantilla:Twitter]] [[ko:틀:트위터]] [[ja:Template:Twitter]] [[no:Mal:Twitter]] [[uk:Шаблон:Twitter]] [[zh:Template:Twitter]] </includeonly> 846tjgoa90jrz41gppimnl4t1ojegtd 696636 696635 2011-01-30T12:03:23Z Taravyvan Adijene 4441 + interwiki 696636 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE. --> The template name is <nowiki>"{{Twitter}}"</nowiki>. It is used to link articles to a particular [[Twitter]] account, by the account's [[Uniform Resource Locator|URL]] and title. ==Usage== {{See also|Wikipedia:External links/Perennial websites}} The [[Wikipedia:External links|external links guideline]] recommends [[WP:ELNO|avoiding links to Twitter]] unless the Twitter feed is an [[WP:ELOFFICIAL|an official account]] "controlled by the subject (organization or individual person) of the Wikipedia article". Multiple hoax and "fan" accounts have been discovered; please make a particular effort to verify the authenticity of any official links. Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], such as newspaper stories, about the subject, or linked by other subject-controlled sources. Wikipedia is [[WP:NOTDIR|not comprehensive directory of a subject's web presence]]. Linking to Twitter and social networking sites is discouraged if the links are easily found at the subject's main website or other official link. ===Single parameter=== If only one parameter is used in the template, this parameter will be the page's url, with the link being the name of the Wikipedia page used on. Example: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia}}</nowiki> produces *{{twitter|Wikipedia}} Hovering over the link shows that the template links to <tt>http://twitter.com/Wikipedia</tt>, whilst the link itself displays the current page name (displays as "Twitter/doc" or "Twitter") ===Two parameters=== If two parameters are used in the template, the first parameter will be the page's url, while the second will be the title of the link. Example: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia|The World's best website}}</nowiki> produces *{{twitter|Wikipedia|The World's best website}} Hovering over the link shows that the template links to <tt>http://twitter.com/Wikipedia</tt>, whilst the link itself displays "The World's best website". ==See also == *[[Wikipedia:TWITTER]] <noinclude> [[cs:Šablona:Twitter/doc]] [[ja:Template:Twitter/doc]] [[zh:Template:Twitter/doc]] </noinclude> <includeonly><!-- ++++ PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS BELOW THIS LINE, THANK YOU. --> {{DEFAULTSORT:Twitter}} [[Category:Templates for linking to a social networking site]] [[Category:Twitter|*]] [[be-x-old:Шаблён:Twitter]] [[cs:Šablona:Twitter]] [[es:Plantilla:Twitter]] [[ko:틀:트위터]] [[ja:Template:Twitter]] [[no:Mal:Twitter]] [[uk:Шаблон:Twitter]] [[zh:Template:Twitter]] </includeonly> pubdhu1ge61tym5go049b6ihda9wkmr 696637 696636 2011-02-19T19:44:48Z Aleksandrit 44245 interwiki 696637 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE. --> The template name is <nowiki>"{{Twitter}}"</nowiki>. It is used to link articles to a particular [[Twitter]] account, by the account's [[Uniform Resource Locator|URL]] and title. ==Usage== {{See also|Wikipedia:External links/Perennial websites}} The [[Wikipedia:External links|external links guideline]] recommends [[WP:ELNO|avoiding links to Twitter]] unless the Twitter feed is an [[WP:ELOFFICIAL|an official account]] "controlled by the subject (organization or individual person) of the Wikipedia article". Multiple hoax and "fan" accounts have been discovered; please make a particular effort to verify the authenticity of any official links. Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], such as newspaper stories, about the subject, or linked by other subject-controlled sources. Wikipedia is [[WP:NOTDIR|not comprehensive directory of a subject's web presence]]. Linking to Twitter and social networking sites is discouraged if the links are easily found at the subject's main website or other official link. ===Single parameter=== If only one parameter is used in the template, this parameter will be the page's url, with the link being the name of the Wikipedia page used on. Example: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia}}</nowiki> produces *{{twitter|Wikipedia}} Hovering over the link shows that the template links to <tt>http://twitter.com/Wikipedia</tt>, whilst the link itself displays the current page name (displays as "Twitter/doc" or "Twitter") ===Two parameters=== If two parameters are used in the template, the first parameter will be the page's url, while the second will be the title of the link. Example: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia|The World's best website}}</nowiki> produces *{{twitter|Wikipedia|The World's best website}} Hovering over the link shows that the template links to <tt>http://twitter.com/Wikipedia</tt>, whilst the link itself displays "The World's best website". ==See also == *[[Wikipedia:TWITTER]] <includeonly><!-- ++++ PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS BELOW THIS LINE, THANK YOU. --> {{DEFAULTSORT:Twitter}} [[Category:Templates for linking to a social networking site]] [[Category:Twitter|*]] [[be-x-old:Шаблён:Twitter]] [[cs:Šablona:Twitter]] [[es:Plantilla:Twitter]] [[id:Templat:Twitter]] [[ja:Template:Twitter]] [[ko:틀:트위터]] [[no:Mal:Twitter]] [[ru:Шаблон:Twitter]] [[uk:Шаблон:Twitter]] [[zh:Template:Twitter]] </includeonly> r8ggjhrlv4dlcjnn8lb17qniqdo8r55 696638 696637 2011-03-28T19:19:21Z 178.18.17.91 ar 696638 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE. --> The template name is <nowiki>"{{Twitter}}"</nowiki>. It is used to link articles to a particular [[Twitter]] account, by the account's [[Uniform Resource Locator|URL]] and title. ==Usage== {{See also|Wikipedia:External links/Perennial websites}} The [[Wikipedia:External links|external links guideline]] recommends [[WP:ELNO|avoiding links to Twitter]] unless the Twitter feed is an [[WP:ELOFFICIAL|an official account]] "controlled by the subject (organization or individual person) of the Wikipedia article". Multiple hoax and "fan" accounts have been discovered; please make a particular effort to verify the authenticity of any official links. Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], such as newspaper stories, about the subject, or linked by other subject-controlled sources. Wikipedia is [[WP:NOTDIR|not comprehensive directory of a subject's web presence]]. Linking to Twitter and social networking sites is discouraged if the links are easily found at the subject's main website or other official link. ===Single parameter=== If only one parameter is used in the template, this parameter will be the page's url, with the link being the name of the Wikipedia page used on. Example: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia}}</nowiki> produces *{{twitter|Wikipedia}} Hovering over the link shows that the template links to <tt>http://twitter.com/Wikipedia</tt>, whilst the link itself displays the current page name (displays as "Twitter/doc" or "Twitter") ===Two parameters=== If two parameters are used in the template, the first parameter will be the page's url, while the second will be the title of the link. Example: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia|The World's best website}}</nowiki> produces *{{twitter|Wikipedia|The World's best website}} Hovering over the link shows that the template links to <tt>http://twitter.com/Wikipedia</tt>, whilst the link itself displays "The World's best website". ==See also == *[[Wikipedia:TWITTER]] <includeonly><!-- ++++ PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS BELOW THIS LINE, THANK YOU. --> {{DEFAULTSORT:Twitter}} [[Category:Templates for linking to a social networking site]] [[Category:Twitter|*]] [[ar:قالب:تويتر]] [[be-x-old:Шаблён:Twitter]] [[cs:Šablona:Twitter]] [[es:Plantilla:Twitter]] [[id:Templat:Twitter]] [[ja:Template:Twitter]] [[ko:틀:트위터]] [[no:Mal:Twitter]] [[ru:Шаблон:Twitter]] [[uk:Шаблон:Twitter]] [[zh:Template:Twitter]] </includeonly> 140rbxqov84b4fecrzsnin2jg5oxrlf 696639 696638 2011-04-09T21:26:41Z Pigsonthewing 6277 hovering...shows -> depends on system; @Wikipedia 696639 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE. --> The template name is <nowiki>"{{Twitter}}"</nowiki>. It is used to link articles to a particular [[Twitter]] account, by the account's [[Uniform Resource Locator|URL]] and title. ==Usage== {{See also|Wikipedia:External links/Perennial websites}} The [[Wikipedia:External links|external links guideline]] recommends [[WP:ELNO|avoiding links to Twitter]] unless the Twitter feed is an [[WP:ELOFFICIAL|an official account]] "controlled by the subject (organization or individual person) of the Wikipedia article". Multiple hoax and "fan" accounts have been discovered; please make a particular effort to verify the authenticity of any official links. Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], such as newspaper stories, about the subject, or linked by other subject-controlled sources. Wikipedia is [[WP:NOTDIR|not comprehensive directory of a subject's web presence]]. Linking to Twitter and social networking sites is discouraged if the links are easily found at the subject's main website or other official link. ===Single parameter=== If only one parameter is used in the template, this parameter will be the page's url, with the link being the name of the Wikipedia page used on. Example: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia}}</nowiki> produces *{{Twitter|Wikipedia}} The template links to <tt>http://twitter.com/Wikipedia</tt>, whilst the link itself displays the current page name. ===Two parameters=== If two parameters are used in the template, the first parameter will be the page's url, while the second will be the title of the link. Example: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia|The World's best website}}</nowiki> produces *{{twitter|Wikipedia|The World's best website}} The template links to <tt>http://twitter.com/Wikipedia</tt>, whilst the link itself displays "The World's best website". Likewise: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia|@Wikipedia}}</nowiki> produces *{{twitter|Wikipedia|@Wikipedia}} ==See also == *[[Wikipedia:TWITTER]] <includeonly><!-- ++++ PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS BELOW THIS LINE, THANK YOU. --> {{DEFAULTSORT:Twitter}} [[Category:Templates for linking to a social networking site]] [[Category:Twitter|*]] [[ar:قالب:تويتر]] [[be-x-old:Шаблён:Twitter]] [[cs:Šablona:Twitter]] [[es:Plantilla:Twitter]] [[id:Templat:Twitter]] [[ja:Template:Twitter]] [[ko:틀:트위터]] [[no:Mal:Twitter]] [[ru:Шаблон:Twitter]] [[uk:Шаблон:Twitter]] [[zh:Template:Twitter]] </includeonly> oaz0atij7wm5fc88yat4p69l82mrz66 696640 696639 2011-04-17T22:42:54Z Chealer 44282 696640 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE. --> The template name is <nowiki>"{{Twitter}}"</nowiki>. It is used to link articles to a particular [[Twitter]] account, by the account's [[Uniform Resource Locator|URL]] and title. ==Usage== {{See also|Wikipedia:External links/Perennial websites}} The [[Wikipedia:External links|external links guideline]] recommends [[WP:ELNO|avoiding links to Twitter]] unless the Twitter feed is [[WP:ELOFFICIAL|an official account]] "controlled by the subject (organization or individual person) of the Wikipedia article". Multiple hoax and "fan" accounts have been discovered; please make a particular effort to verify the authenticity of any official links. Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], such as newspaper stories, about the subject, or linked by other subject-controlled sources. Wikipedia is [[WP:NOTDIR|not comprehensive directory of a subject's web presence]]. Linking to Twitter and social networking sites is discouraged if the links are easily found at the subject's main website or other official link. ===Single parameter=== If only one parameter is used in the template, this parameter will be the page's url, with the link being the name of the Wikipedia page used on. Example: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia}}</nowiki> produces *{{Twitter|Wikipedia}} The template links to <tt>http://twitter.com/Wikipedia</tt>, whilst the link itself displays the current page name. ===Two parameters=== If two parameters are used in the template, the first parameter will be the page's url, while the second will be the title of the link. Example: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia|The World's best website}}</nowiki> produces *{{twitter|Wikipedia|The World's best website}} The template links to <tt>http://twitter.com/Wikipedia</tt>, whilst the link itself displays "The World's best website". Likewise: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia|@Wikipedia}}</nowiki> produces *{{twitter|Wikipedia|@Wikipedia}} ==See also == *[[Wikipedia:TWITTER]] <includeonly><!-- ++++ PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS BELOW THIS LINE, THANK YOU. --> {{DEFAULTSORT:Twitter}} [[Category:Templates for linking to a social networking site]] [[Category:Twitter|*]] [[ar:قالب:تويتر]] [[be-x-old:Шаблён:Twitter]] [[cs:Šablona:Twitter]] [[es:Plantilla:Twitter]] [[id:Templat:Twitter]] [[ja:Template:Twitter]] [[ko:틀:트위터]] [[no:Mal:Twitter]] [[ru:Шаблон:Twitter]] [[uk:Шаблон:Twitter]] [[zh:Template:Twitter]] </includeonly> m75bcza84kvhxf3eklfc0o77my2h5a3 696641 696640 2011-06-27T11:50:59Z Fredde 99 19271 iw:sv 696641 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE. --> The template name is <nowiki>"{{Twitter}}"</nowiki>. It is used to link articles to a particular [[Twitter]] account, by the account's [[Uniform Resource Locator|URL]] and title. ==Usage== {{See also|Wikipedia:External links/Perennial websites}} The [[Wikipedia:External links|external links guideline]] recommends [[WP:ELNO|avoiding links to Twitter]] unless the Twitter feed is [[WP:ELOFFICIAL|an official account]] "controlled by the subject (organization or individual person) of the Wikipedia article". Multiple hoax and "fan" accounts have been discovered; please make a particular effort to verify the authenticity of any official links. Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], such as newspaper stories, about the subject, or linked by other subject-controlled sources. Wikipedia is [[WP:NOTDIR|not comprehensive directory of a subject's web presence]]. Linking to Twitter and social networking sites is discouraged if the links are easily found at the subject's main website or other official link. ===Single parameter=== If only one parameter is used in the template, this parameter will be the page's url, with the link being the name of the Wikipedia page used on. Example: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia}}</nowiki> produces *{{Twitter|Wikipedia}} The template links to <tt>http://twitter.com/Wikipedia</tt>, whilst the link itself displays the current page name. ===Two parameters=== If two parameters are used in the template, the first parameter will be the page's url, while the second will be the title of the link. Example: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia|The World's best website}}</nowiki> produces *{{twitter|Wikipedia|The World's best website}} The template links to <tt>http://twitter.com/Wikipedia</tt>, whilst the link itself displays "The World's best website". Likewise: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia|@Wikipedia}}</nowiki> produces *{{twitter|Wikipedia|@Wikipedia}} ==See also == *[[Wikipedia:TWITTER]] <includeonly><!-- ++++ PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS BELOW THIS LINE, THANK YOU. --> {{DEFAULTSORT:Twitter}} [[Category:Templates for linking to a social networking site]] [[Category:Twitter|*]] [[ar:قالب:تويتر]] [[be-x-old:Шаблён:Twitter]] [[cs:Šablona:Twitter]] [[es:Plantilla:Twitter]] [[id:Templat:Twitter]] [[ja:Template:Twitter]] [[ko:틀:트위터]] [[no:Mal:Twitter]] [[ru:Шаблон:Twitter]] [[sv:Mall:Twitter]] [[uk:Шаблон:Twitter]] [[zh:Template:Twitter]] </includeonly> 9sdcwzbojfa1jryenl112h67xolemp7 696642 696641 2011-09-09T07:51:24Z TruthPraiser 49292 696642 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE. --> The template name is <nowiki>"{{Twitter}}"</nowiki>. It is used to link articles to a particular [[Twitter]] account, by the account's [[Uniform Resource Locator|URL]] and title. ==Usage== {{See also|Wikipedia:External links/Perennial websites}} The [[Wikipedia:External links|external links guideline]] recommends [[WP:ELNO|avoiding links to Twitter]] unless the Twitter feed is [[WP:ELOFFICIAL|an official account]] "controlled by the subject (organization or individual person) of the Wikipedia article". Multiple hoax and "fan" accounts have been discovered; please make a particular effort to verify the authenticity of any official links. Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], such as newspaper stories, about the subject, or linked by other subject-controlled sources. Wikipedia is [[WP:NOTDIR|not comprehensive directory of a subject's web presence]]. Linking to Twitter and social networking sites is discouraged if the links are easily found at the subject's main website or other official link. ===Single parameter=== If only one parameter is used in the template, this parameter will be the page's url, with the link being the name of the Wikipedia page used on. Example: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia}}</nowiki> produces *{{Twitter|Wikipedia}} The template links to <tt>http://twitter.com/Wikipedia</tt>, whilst the link itself displays the current page name. ===Two parameters=== If two parameters are used in the template, the first parameter will be the page's url, while the second will be the title of the link. Example: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia|The World's best website}}</nowiki> produces *{{twitter|Wikipedia|The World's best website}} The template links to <tt>http://twitter.com/Wikipedia</tt>, whilst the link itself displays "The World's best website". Likewise: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia|@Wikipedia}}</nowiki> produces *{{twitter|Wikipedia|@Wikipedia}} ==See also == *[[Wikipedia:TWITTER]] <includeonly><!-- ++++ PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS BELOW THIS LINE, THANK YOU. --> {{DEFAULTSORT:Twitter}} [[Category:Templates for linking to a social networking site]] [[Category:Twitter|*]] [[ar:قالب:تويتر]] [[be-x-old:Шаблён:Twitter]] [[cs:Šablona:Twitter]] [[es:Plantilla:Twitter]] [[fa:الگو:توییتر]] [[id:Templat:Twitter]] [[ja:Template:Twitter]] [[ko:틀:트위터]] [[no:Mal:Twitter]] [[ru:Шаблон:Twitter]] [[sv:Mall:Twitter]] [[uk:Шаблон:Twitter]] [[zh:Template:Twitter]] </includeonly> axpvm3cywbyps20cp6ivabo74ifxvu2 696643 696642 2011-10-30T15:23:17Z The Evil IP address 1699 update doc per recent change 696643 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE. --> The template name is <nowiki>"{{Twitter}}"</nowiki>. It is used to link articles to a particular [[Twitter]] account, by the account's [[Uniform Resource Locator|URL]] and title. ==Usage== {{See also|Wikipedia:External links/Perennial websites}} The [[Wikipedia:External links|external links guideline]] recommends [[WP:ELNO|avoiding links to Twitter]] unless the Twitter feed is [[WP:ELOFFICIAL|an official account]] "controlled by the subject (organization or individual person) of the Wikipedia article". Multiple hoax and "fan" accounts have been discovered; please make a particular effort to verify the authenticity of any official links. Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], such as newspaper stories, about the subject, or linked by other subject-controlled sources. Wikipedia is [[WP:NOTDIR|not comprehensive directory of a subject's web presence]]. Linking to Twitter and social networking sites is discouraged if the links are easily found at the subject's main website or other official link. ===Single parameter=== If only one parameter is used in the template, this parameter will be the page's url, with the link being the name of the Wikipedia page used on. Example: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia}}</nowiki> produces *{{Twitter|Wikipedia}} The template links to <tt>https://twitter.com/Wikipedia</tt>, whilst the link itself displays the current page name. ===Two parameters=== If two parameters are used in the template, the first parameter will be the page's url, while the second will be the title of the link. Example: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia|The World's best website}}</nowiki> produces *{{twitter|Wikipedia|The World's best website}} The template links to <tt>https://twitter.com/Wikipedia</tt>, whilst the link itself displays "The World's best website". Likewise: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia|@Wikipedia}}</nowiki> produces *{{twitter|Wikipedia|@Wikipedia}} ==See also == *[[Wikipedia:TWITTER]] <includeonly><!-- ++++ PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS BELOW THIS LINE, THANK YOU. --> {{DEFAULTSORT:Twitter}} [[Category:Templates for linking to a social networking site]] [[Category:Twitter|*]] [[ar:قالب:تويتر]] [[be-x-old:Шаблён:Twitter]] [[cs:Šablona:Twitter]] [[es:Plantilla:Twitter]] [[fa:الگو:توییتر]] [[id:Templat:Twitter]] [[ja:Template:Twitter]] [[ko:틀:트위터]] [[no:Mal:Twitter]] [[ru:Шаблон:Twitter]] [[sv:Mall:Twitter]] [[uk:Шаблон:Twitter]] [[zh:Template:Twitter]] </includeonly> 4e02sf0gqwqtqq7iccx5yan8clh0ago 696644 696643 2011-12-07T14:00:38Z Thumperward 14624 /* See also */ + 696644 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE. --> The template name is <nowiki>"{{Twitter}}"</nowiki>. It is used to link articles to a particular [[Twitter]] account, by the account's [[Uniform Resource Locator|URL]] and title. ==Usage== {{See also|Wikipedia:External links/Perennial websites}} The [[Wikipedia:External links|external links guideline]] recommends [[WP:ELNO|avoiding links to Twitter]] unless the Twitter feed is [[WP:ELOFFICIAL|an official account]] "controlled by the subject (organization or individual person) of the Wikipedia article". Multiple hoax and "fan" accounts have been discovered; please make a particular effort to verify the authenticity of any official links. Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], such as newspaper stories, about the subject, or linked by other subject-controlled sources. Wikipedia is [[WP:NOTDIR|not comprehensive directory of a subject's web presence]]. Linking to Twitter and social networking sites is discouraged if the links are easily found at the subject's main website or other official link. ===Single parameter=== If only one parameter is used in the template, this parameter will be the page's url, with the link being the name of the Wikipedia page used on. Example: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia}}</nowiki> produces *{{Twitter|Wikipedia}} The template links to <tt>https://twitter.com/Wikipedia</tt>, whilst the link itself displays the current page name. ===Two parameters=== If two parameters are used in the template, the first parameter will be the page's url, while the second will be the title of the link. Example: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia|The World's best website}}</nowiki> produces *{{twitter|Wikipedia|The World's best website}} The template links to <tt>https://twitter.com/Wikipedia</tt>, whilst the link itself displays "The World's best website". Likewise: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia|@Wikipedia}}</nowiki> produces *{{twitter|Wikipedia|@Wikipedia}} == See also == * {{tl|Twitter status}} * [[Wikipedia:TWITTER]] <includeonly><!-- ++++ PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS BELOW THIS LINE, THANK YOU. --> {{DEFAULTSORT:Twitter}} [[Category:Templates for linking to a social networking site]] [[Category:Twitter|*]] [[ar:قالب:تويتر]] [[be-x-old:Шаблён:Twitter]] [[cs:Šablona:Twitter]] [[es:Plantilla:Twitter]] [[fa:الگو:توییتر]] [[id:Templat:Twitter]] [[ja:Template:Twitter]] [[ko:틀:트위터]] [[no:Mal:Twitter]] [[ru:Шаблон:Twitter]] [[sv:Mall:Twitter]] [[uk:Шаблон:Twitter]] [[zh:Template:Twitter]] </includeonly> rwrqvr2fh81wxsjduvcq0fday7oo8fs 696645 696644 2011-12-29T08:41:17Z Yjenith 65141 /* See also */ 696645 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE. --> The template name is <nowiki>"{{Twitter}}"</nowiki>. It is used to link articles to a particular [[Twitter]] account, by the account's [[Uniform Resource Locator|URL]] and title. ==Usage== {{See also|Wikipedia:External links/Perennial websites}} The [[Wikipedia:External links|external links guideline]] recommends [[WP:ELNO|avoiding links to Twitter]] unless the Twitter feed is [[WP:ELOFFICIAL|an official account]] "controlled by the subject (organization or individual person) of the Wikipedia article". Multiple hoax and "fan" accounts have been discovered; please make a particular effort to verify the authenticity of any official links. Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], such as newspaper stories, about the subject, or linked by other subject-controlled sources. Wikipedia is [[WP:NOTDIR|not comprehensive directory of a subject's web presence]]. Linking to Twitter and social networking sites is discouraged if the links are easily found at the subject's main website or other official link. ===Single parameter=== If only one parameter is used in the template, this parameter will be the page's url, with the link being the name of the Wikipedia page used on. Example: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia}}</nowiki> produces *{{Twitter|Wikipedia}} The template links to <tt>https://twitter.com/Wikipedia</tt>, whilst the link itself displays the current page name. ===Two parameters=== If two parameters are used in the template, the first parameter will be the page's url, while the second will be the title of the link. Example: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia|The World's best website}}</nowiki> produces *{{twitter|Wikipedia|The World's best website}} The template links to <tt>https://twitter.com/Wikipedia</tt>, whilst the link itself displays "The World's best website". Likewise: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia|@Wikipedia}}</nowiki> produces *{{twitter|Wikipedia|@Wikipedia}} == See also == * {{tl|Twitter status}} * {{tl|Twitter trends}} * [[Wikipedia:TWITTER]] <includeonly><!-- ++++ PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS BELOW THIS LINE, THANK YOU. --> {{DEFAULTSORT:Twitter}} [[Category:Templates for linking to a social networking site]] [[Category:Twitter|*]] [[ar:قالب:تويتر]] [[be-x-old:Шаблён:Twitter]] [[cs:Šablona:Twitter]] [[es:Plantilla:Twitter]] [[fa:الگو:توییتر]] [[id:Templat:Twitter]] [[ja:Template:Twitter]] [[ko:틀:트위터]] [[no:Mal:Twitter]] [[ru:Шаблон:Twitter]] [[sv:Mall:Twitter]] [[uk:Шаблон:Twitter]] [[zh:Template:Twitter]] </includeonly> hddhtzmof6tdysonu8359v849q3auwd 696646 696645 2012-01-25T23:32:17Z Ark25 1185 Interwiki: +ro 696646 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE. --> The template name is <nowiki>"{{Twitter}}"</nowiki>. It is used to link articles to a particular [[Twitter]] account, by the account's [[Uniform Resource Locator|URL]] and title. ==Usage== {{See also|Wikipedia:External links/Perennial websites}} The [[Wikipedia:External links|external links guideline]] recommends [[WP:ELNO|avoiding links to Twitter]] unless the Twitter feed is [[WP:ELOFFICIAL|an official account]] "controlled by the subject (organization or individual person) of the Wikipedia article". Multiple hoax and "fan" accounts have been discovered; please make a particular effort to verify the authenticity of any official links. Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], such as newspaper stories, about the subject, or linked by other subject-controlled sources. Wikipedia is [[WP:NOTDIR|not comprehensive directory of a subject's web presence]]. Linking to Twitter and social networking sites is discouraged if the links are easily found at the subject's main website or other official link. ===Single parameter=== If only one parameter is used in the template, this parameter will be the page's url, with the link being the name of the Wikipedia page used on. Example: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia}}</nowiki> produces *{{Twitter|Wikipedia}} The template links to <tt>https://twitter.com/Wikipedia</tt>, whilst the link itself displays the current page name. ===Two parameters=== If two parameters are used in the template, the first parameter will be the page's url, while the second will be the title of the link. Example: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia|The World's best website}}</nowiki> produces *{{twitter|Wikipedia|The World's best website}} The template links to <tt>https://twitter.com/Wikipedia</tt>, whilst the link itself displays "The World's best website". Likewise: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia|@Wikipedia}}</nowiki> produces *{{twitter|Wikipedia|@Wikipedia}} == See also == * {{tl|Twitter status}} * {{tl|Twitter trends}} * [[Wikipedia:TWITTER]] <includeonly><!-- ++++ PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS BELOW THIS LINE, THANK YOU. --> {{DEFAULTSORT:Twitter}} [[Category:Templates for linking to a social networking site]] [[Category:Twitter|*]] [[ar:قالب:تويتر]] [[be-x-old:Шаблён:Twitter]] [[cs:Šablona:Twitter]] [[es:Plantilla:Twitter]] [[fa:الگو:توییتر]] [[id:Templat:Twitter]] [[ja:Template:Twitter]] [[ko:틀:트위터]] [[no:Mal:Twitter]] [[no:Format:Twitter]] [[ru:Шаблон:Twitter]] [[sv:Mall:Twitter]] [[uk:Шаблон:Twitter]] [[zh:Template:Twitter]] </includeonly> hvla3bkgpn19og9nn14y37vdkfm7k68 696647 696646 2012-03-08T20:36:49Z Fredde 99 19271 iw 696647 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE. --> The template name is <nowiki>"{{Twitter}}"</nowiki>. It is used to link articles to a particular [[Twitter]] account, by the account's [[Uniform Resource Locator|URL]] and title. ==Usage== {{See also|Wikipedia:External links/Perennial websites}} The [[Wikipedia:External links|external links guideline]] recommends [[WP:ELNO|avoiding links to Twitter]] unless the Twitter feed is [[WP:ELOFFICIAL|an official account]] "controlled by the subject (organization or individual person) of the Wikipedia article". Multiple hoax and "fan" accounts have been discovered; please make a particular effort to verify the authenticity of any official links. Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], such as newspaper stories, about the subject, or linked by other subject-controlled sources. Wikipedia is [[WP:NOTDIR|not comprehensive directory of a subject's web presence]]. Linking to Twitter and social networking sites is discouraged if the links are easily found at the subject's main website or other official link. ===Single parameter=== If only one parameter is used in the template, this parameter will be the page's url, with the link being the name of the Wikipedia page used on. Example: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia}}</nowiki> produces *{{Twitter|Wikipedia}} The template links to <tt>https://twitter.com/Wikipedia</tt>, whilst the link itself displays the current page name. ===Two parameters=== If two parameters are used in the template, the first parameter will be the page's url, while the second will be the title of the link. Example: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia|The World's best website}}</nowiki> produces *{{twitter|Wikipedia|The World's best website}} The template links to <tt>https://twitter.com/Wikipedia</tt>, whilst the link itself displays "The World's best website". Likewise: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia|@Wikipedia}}</nowiki> produces *{{twitter|Wikipedia|@Wikipedia}} == See also == * {{tl|Twitter status}} * {{tl|Twitter trends}} * [[Wikipedia:TWITTER]] <includeonly><!-- ++++ PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS BELOW THIS LINE, THANK YOU. --> {{DEFAULTSORT:Twitter}} [[Category:Templates for linking to a social networking site]] [[Category:Twitter|*]] [[ar:قالب:تويتر]] [[be-x-old:Шаблён:Twitter]] [[cs:Šablona:Twitter]] [[da:Skabelon:Twitter]] [[es:Plantilla:Twitter]] [[fa:الگو:توییتر]] [[id:Templat:Twitter]] [[ja:Template:Twitter]] [[ko:틀:트위터]] [[no:Mal:Twitter]] [[no:Format:Twitter]] [[ru:Шаблон:Twitter]] [[sv:Mall:Twitter]] [[uk:Шаблон:Twitter]] [[zh:Template:Twitter]] </includeonly> tj5ptd6azdobxgnyhqalzb4hp3fc1zr 696648 696647 2012-04-12T02:51:28Z Pablodiego15 65142 + pt. 696648 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE. --> The template name is <nowiki>"{{Twitter}}"</nowiki>. It is used to link articles to a particular [[Twitter]] account, by the account's [[Uniform Resource Locator|URL]] and title. ==Usage== {{See also|Wikipedia:External links/Perennial websites}} The [[Wikipedia:External links|external links guideline]] recommends [[WP:ELNO|avoiding links to Twitter]] unless the Twitter feed is [[WP:ELOFFICIAL|an official account]] "controlled by the subject (organization or individual person) of the Wikipedia article". Multiple hoax and "fan" accounts have been discovered; please make a particular effort to verify the authenticity of any official links. Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], such as newspaper stories, about the subject, or linked by other subject-controlled sources. Wikipedia is [[WP:NOTDIR|not comprehensive directory of a subject's web presence]]. Linking to Twitter and social networking sites is discouraged if the links are easily found at the subject's main website or other official link. ===Single parameter=== If only one parameter is used in the template, this parameter will be the page's url, with the link being the name of the Wikipedia page used on. Example: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia}}</nowiki> produces *{{Twitter|Wikipedia}} The template links to <tt>https://twitter.com/Wikipedia</tt>, whilst the link itself displays the current page name. ===Two parameters=== If two parameters are used in the template, the first parameter will be the page's url, while the second will be the title of the link. Example: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia|The World's best website}}</nowiki> produces *{{twitter|Wikipedia|The World's best website}} The template links to <tt>https://twitter.com/Wikipedia</tt>, whilst the link itself displays "The World's best website". Likewise: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia|@Wikipedia}}</nowiki> produces *{{twitter|Wikipedia|@Wikipedia}} == See also == * {{tl|Twitter status}} * {{tl|Twitter trends}} * [[Wikipedia:TWITTER]] <includeonly><!-- ++++ PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS BELOW THIS LINE, THANK YOU. --> {{DEFAULTSORT:Twitter}} [[Category:Templates for linking to a social networking site]] [[Category:Twitter|*]] [[ar:قالب:تويتر]] [[be-x-old:Шаблён:Twitter]] [[cs:Šablona:Twitter]] [[da:Skabelon:Twitter]] [[es:Plantilla:Twitter]] [[fa:الگو:توییتر]] [[id:Templat:Twitter]] [[ja:Template:Twitter]] [[ko:틀:트위터]] [[no:Mal:Twitter]] [[no:Format:Twitter]] [[ru:Шаблон:Twitter]] [[pt:Predefinição:Twitter]] [[sv:Mall:Twitter]] [[uk:Шаблон:Twitter]] [[zh:Template:Twitter]] </includeonly> bl9pi11zzt6nmgh9xwdw6szzf5rd1sv 696649 696648 2012-05-04T23:23:18Z Alan Liefting 31357 696649 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE. --> The template name is <nowiki>"{{Twitter}}"</nowiki>. It is used to link articles to a particular [[Twitter]] account, by the account's [[Uniform Resource Locator|URL]] and title. ==Usage== {{See also|Wikipedia:External links/Perennial websites}} The [[Wikipedia:External links|external links guideline]] recommends [[WP:ELNO|avoiding links to Twitter]] unless the Twitter feed is [[WP:ELOFFICIAL|an official account]] "controlled by the subject (organization or individual person) of the Wikipedia article". Multiple hoax and "fan" accounts have been discovered; please make a particular effort to verify the authenticity of any official links. Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], such as newspaper stories, about the subject, or linked by other subject-controlled sources. Wikipedia is [[WP:NOTDIR|not comprehensive directory of a subject's web presence]]. Linking to Twitter and social networking sites is discouraged if the links are easily found at the subject's main website or other official link. ===Single parameter=== If only one parameter is used in the template, this parameter will be the page's url, with the link being the name of the Wikipedia page used on. Example: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia}}</nowiki> produces *{{Twitter|Wikipedia}} The template links to <tt>https://twitter.com/Wikipedia</tt>, whilst the link itself displays the current page name. ===Two parameters=== If two parameters are used in the template, the first parameter will be the page's url, while the second will be the title of the link. Example: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia|The World's best website}}</nowiki> produces *{{twitter|Wikipedia|The World's best website}} The template links to <tt>https://twitter.com/Wikipedia</tt>, whilst the link itself displays "The World's best website". Likewise: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia|@Wikipedia}}</nowiki> produces *{{twitter|Wikipedia|@Wikipedia}} == See also == * {{tl|Twitter status}} * {{tl|Twitter trends}} * [[Wikipedia:TWITTER]] <includeonly><!-- ++++ PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS BELOW THIS LINE, THANK YOU. --> {{DEFAULTSORT:Twitter}} [[Category:Templates for linking to a social networking site]] [[ar:قالب:تويتر]] [[be-x-old:Шаблён:Twitter]] [[cs:Šablona:Twitter]] [[da:Skabelon:Twitter]] [[es:Plantilla:Twitter]] [[fa:الگو:توییتر]] [[id:Templat:Twitter]] [[ja:Template:Twitter]] [[ko:틀:트위터]] [[no:Mal:Twitter]] [[no:Format:Twitter]] [[ru:Шаблон:Twitter]] [[pt:Predefinição:Twitter]] [[sv:Mall:Twitter]] [[uk:Шаблон:Twitter]] [[zh:Template:Twitter]] </includeonly> bwujgt4jzb7etxtie0p2505pbekl58m 696650 696649 2012-08-26T10:48:32Z Vivaelcelta 27071 696650 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE. --> The template name is <nowiki>"{{Twitter}}"</nowiki>. It is used to link articles to a particular [[Twitter]] account, by the account's [[Uniform Resource Locator|URL]] and title. ==Usage== {{See also|Wikipedia:External links/Perennial websites}} The [[Wikipedia:External links|external links guideline]] recommends [[WP:ELNO|avoiding links to Twitter]] unless the Twitter feed is [[WP:ELOFFICIAL|an official account]] "controlled by the subject (organization or individual person) of the Wikipedia article". Multiple hoax and "fan" accounts have been discovered; please make a particular effort to verify the authenticity of any official links. Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], such as newspaper stories, about the subject, or linked by other subject-controlled sources. Wikipedia is [[WP:NOTDIR|not comprehensive directory of a subject's web presence]]. Linking to Twitter and social networking sites is discouraged if the links are easily found at the subject's main website or other official link. ===Single parameter=== If only one parameter is used in the template, this parameter will be the page's url, with the link being the name of the Wikipedia page used on. Example: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia}}</nowiki> produces *{{Twitter|Wikipedia}} The template links to <tt>https://twitter.com/Wikipedia</tt>, whilst the link itself displays the current page name. ===Two parameters=== If two parameters are used in the template, the first parameter will be the page's url, while the second will be the title of the link. Example: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia|The World's best website}}</nowiki> produces *{{twitter|Wikipedia|The World's best website}} The template links to <tt>https://twitter.com/Wikipedia</tt>, whilst the link itself displays "The World's best website". Likewise: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia|@Wikipedia}}</nowiki> produces *{{twitter|Wikipedia|@Wikipedia}} == See also == * {{tl|Twitter status}} * {{tl|Twitter trends}} * [[Wikipedia:TWITTER]] <includeonly><!-- ++++ PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS BELOW THIS LINE, THANK YOU. --> {{DEFAULTSORT:Twitter}} [[Category:Templates for linking to a social networking site]] [[ar:قالب:تويتر]] [[be-x-old:Шаблён:Twitter]] [[cs:Šablona:Twitter]] [[da:Skabelon:Twitter]] [[de:Vorlage:Twitter]] [[es:Plantilla:Twitter]] [[fa:الگو:توییتر]] [[id:Templat:Twitter]] [[ja:Template:Twitter]] [[ko:틀:트위터]] [[no:Mal:Twitter]] [[no:Format:Twitter]] [[ru:Шаблон:Twitter]] [[pt:Predefinição:Twitter]] [[sv:Mall:Twitter]] [[uk:Шаблон:Twitter]] [[zh:Template:Twitter]] </includeonly> 1v2wawtcpj2pgccp8oj29qxubs31920 696651 696650 2012-09-01T18:17:32Z Vivaelcelta 27071 696651 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE. --> The template name is <nowiki>"{{Twitter}}"</nowiki>. It is used to link articles to a particular [[Twitter]] account, by the account's [[Uniform Resource Locator|URL]] and title. ==Usage== {{See also|Wikipedia:External links/Perennial websites}} The [[Wikipedia:External links|external links guideline]] recommends [[WP:ELNO|avoiding links to Twitter]] unless the Twitter feed is [[WP:ELOFFICIAL|an official account]] "controlled by the subject (organization or individual person) of the Wikipedia article". Multiple hoax and "fan" accounts have been discovered; please make a particular effort to verify the authenticity of any official links. Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], such as newspaper stories, about the subject, or linked by other subject-controlled sources. Wikipedia is [[WP:NOTDIR|not comprehensive directory of a subject's web presence]]. Linking to Twitter and social networking sites is discouraged if the links are easily found at the subject's main website or other official link. ===Single parameter=== If only one parameter is used in the template, this parameter will be the page's url, with the link being the name of the Wikipedia page used on. Example: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia}}</nowiki> produces *{{Twitter|Wikipedia}} The template links to <tt>https://twitter.com/Wikipedia</tt>, whilst the link itself displays the current page name. ===Two parameters=== If two parameters are used in the template, the first parameter will be the page's url, while the second will be the title of the link. Example: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia|The World's best website}}</nowiki> produces *{{twitter|Wikipedia|The World's best website}} The template links to <tt>https://twitter.com/Wikipedia</tt>, whilst the link itself displays "The World's best website". Likewise: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia|@Wikipedia}}</nowiki> produces *{{twitter|Wikipedia|@Wikipedia}} == See also == * {{tl|Twitter status}} * {{tl|Twitter trends}} * [[Wikipedia:TWITTER]] <includeonly><!-- ++++ PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS BELOW THIS LINE, THANK YOU. --> {{DEFAULTSORT:Twitter}} [[Category:Templates for linking to a social networking site]] [[af:Sjabloon:Twitter]] [[ar:قالب:تويتر]] [[bar:Vorlage:Twitter]] [[be:Шаблон:Twitter]] [[be-x-old:Шаблён:Twitter]] [[bn:টেমপ্লেট:Twitter]] [[ca:Plantilla:Twitter]] [[cs:Šablona:Twitter]] [[da:Skabelon:Twitter]] [[de:Vorlage:Twitter]] [[es:Plantilla:Twitter]] [[fa:الگو:توییتر]] [[gl:Modelo:Twitter]] [[id:Templat:Twitter]] [[ja:Template:Twitter]] [[ka:თარგი:Twitter]] [[ko:틀:트위터]] [[ml:ഫലകം:Twitter Navigation]] [[no:Mal:Twitter]] [[pam:Template:Twitter]] [[pt:Predefinição:Twitter]] [[ro:Format:Twitter]] [[ru:Шаблон:Твиттер]] [[sv:Mall:Twitter]] [[th:แม่แบบ:ทวิตเตอร์]] [[tl:Suleras:Twitter]] [[tt:Калып:Twitter]] [[uk:Шаблон:Twitter]] [[zh:Template:Twitter]] </includeonly> iu3nsd6b2k2dwjbbtyeiawceq7j9ape 696652 696651 2012-11-19T01:57:49Z Plastikspork 14478 /* See also */ Remove a deleted template 696652 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE. --> The template name is <nowiki>"{{Twitter}}"</nowiki>. It is used to link articles to a particular [[Twitter]] account, by the account's [[Uniform Resource Locator|URL]] and title. ==Usage== {{See also|Wikipedia:External links/Perennial websites}} The [[Wikipedia:External links|external links guideline]] recommends [[WP:ELNO|avoiding links to Twitter]] unless the Twitter feed is [[WP:ELOFFICIAL|an official account]] "controlled by the subject (organization or individual person) of the Wikipedia article". Multiple hoax and "fan" accounts have been discovered; please make a particular effort to verify the authenticity of any official links. Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], such as newspaper stories, about the subject, or linked by other subject-controlled sources. Wikipedia is [[WP:NOTDIR|not comprehensive directory of a subject's web presence]]. Linking to Twitter and social networking sites is discouraged if the links are easily found at the subject's main website or other official link. ===Single parameter=== If only one parameter is used in the template, this parameter will be the page's url, with the link being the name of the Wikipedia page used on. Example: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia}}</nowiki> produces *{{Twitter|Wikipedia}} The template links to <tt>https://twitter.com/Wikipedia</tt>, whilst the link itself displays the current page name. ===Two parameters=== If two parameters are used in the template, the first parameter will be the page's url, while the second will be the title of the link. Example: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia|The World's best website}}</nowiki> produces *{{twitter|Wikipedia|The World's best website}} The template links to <tt>https://twitter.com/Wikipedia</tt>, whilst the link itself displays "The World's best website". Likewise: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia|@Wikipedia}}</nowiki> produces *{{twitter|Wikipedia|@Wikipedia}} == See also == * {{tl|Twitter status}} * {{tl|Pinterest}} * [[Wikipedia:TWITTER]] <includeonly><!-- ++++ PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS BELOW THIS LINE, THANK YOU. --> {{DEFAULTSORT:Twitter}} [[Category:Templates for linking to a social networking site]] [[af:Sjabloon:Twitter]] [[ar:قالب:تويتر]] [[bar:Vorlage:Twitter]] [[be:Шаблон:Twitter]] [[be-x-old:Шаблён:Twitter]] [[bn:টেমপ্লেট:Twitter]] [[ca:Plantilla:Twitter]] [[cs:Šablona:Twitter]] [[da:Skabelon:Twitter]] [[de:Vorlage:Twitter]] [[es:Plantilla:Twitter]] [[fa:الگو:توییتر]] [[gl:Modelo:Twitter]] [[id:Templat:Twitter]] [[ja:Template:Twitter]] [[ka:თარგი:Twitter]] [[ko:틀:트위터]] [[ml:ഫലകം:Twitter Navigation]] [[no:Mal:Twitter]] [[pam:Template:Twitter]] [[pt:Predefinição:Twitter]] [[ro:Format:Twitter]] [[ru:Шаблон:Твиттер]] [[sv:Mall:Twitter]] [[th:แม่แบบ:ทวิตเตอร์]] [[tl:Suleras:Twitter]] [[tt:Калып:Twitter]] [[uk:Шаблон:Twitter]] [[zh:Template:Twitter]] </includeonly> q5hyzgh4dawh1r6rw3ocn975l8rfsbu 696653 696652 2013-01-11T12:47:52Z Masti 876 interwiki 696653 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE. --> The template name is <nowiki>"{{Twitter}}"</nowiki>. It is used to link articles to a particular [[Twitter]] account, by the account's [[Uniform Resource Locator|URL]] and title. ==Usage== {{See also|Wikipedia:External links/Perennial websites}} The [[Wikipedia:External links|external links guideline]] recommends [[WP:ELNO|avoiding links to Twitter]] unless the Twitter feed is [[WP:ELOFFICIAL|an official account]] "controlled by the subject (organization or individual person) of the Wikipedia article". Multiple hoax and "fan" accounts have been discovered; please make a particular effort to verify the authenticity of any official links. Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], such as newspaper stories, about the subject, or linked by other subject-controlled sources. Wikipedia is [[WP:NOTDIR|not comprehensive directory of a subject's web presence]]. Linking to Twitter and social networking sites is discouraged if the links are easily found at the subject's main website or other official link. ===Single parameter=== If only one parameter is used in the template, this parameter will be the page's url, with the link being the name of the Wikipedia page used on. Example: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia}}</nowiki> produces *{{Twitter|Wikipedia}} The template links to <tt>https://twitter.com/Wikipedia</tt>, whilst the link itself displays the current page name. ===Two parameters=== If two parameters are used in the template, the first parameter will be the page's url, while the second will be the title of the link. Example: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia|The World's best website}}</nowiki> produces *{{twitter|Wikipedia|The World's best website}} The template links to <tt>https://twitter.com/Wikipedia</tt>, whilst the link itself displays "The World's best website". Likewise: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia|@Wikipedia}}</nowiki> produces *{{twitter|Wikipedia|@Wikipedia}} == See also == * {{tl|Twitter status}} * {{tl|Pinterest}} * [[Wikipedia:TWITTER]] <includeonly><!-- ++++ PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS BELOW THIS LINE, THANK YOU. --> {{DEFAULTSORT:Twitter}} [[Category:Templates for linking to a social networking site]] [[af:Sjabloon:Twitter]] [[ar:قالب:تويتر]] [[bar:Vorlage:Twitter]] [[be:Шаблон:Twitter]] [[be-x-old:Шаблён:Twitter]] [[bn:টেমপ্লেট:Twitter]] [[ca:Plantilla:Twitter]] [[cs:Šablona:Twitter]] [[da:Skabelon:Twitter]] [[de:Vorlage:Twitter]] [[es:Plantilla:Twitter]] [[fa:الگو:توییتر]] [[gl:Modelo:Twitter]] [[id:Templat:Twitter]] [[ja:Template:Twitter]] [[ka:თარგი:Twitter]] [[ko:틀:트위터]] [[ml:ഫലകം:Twitter Navigation]] [[no:Mal:Twitter]] [[pam:Template:Twitter]] [[pl:Szablon:Twitter]] [[pt:Predefinição:Twitter]] [[ro:Format:Twitter]] [[ru:Шаблон:Твиттер]] [[sv:Mall:Twitter]] [[th:แม่แบบ:ทวิตเตอร์]] [[tl:Suleras:Twitter]] [[tt:Калып:Twitter]] [[uk:Шаблон:Twitter]] [[zh:Template:Twitter]] </includeonly> guzemb5ghtaz0k0mmkxw0wtmgbecdy6 696654 696653 2013-02-26T05:57:13Z Yethrosh 44145 696654 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE. --> The template name is <nowiki>"{{Twitter}}"</nowiki>. It is used to link articles to a particular [[Twitter]] account, by the account's [[Uniform Resource Locator|URL]] and title. ==Usage== {{See also|Wikipedia:External links/Perennial websites}} The [[Wikipedia:External links|external links guideline]] recommends [[WP:ELNO|avoiding links to Twitter]] unless the Twitter feed is [[WP:ELOFFICIAL|an official account]] "controlled by the subject (organization or individual person) of the Wikipedia article". Multiple hoax and "fan" accounts have been discovered; please make a particular effort to verify the authenticity of any official links. Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], such as newspaper stories, about the subject, or linked by other subject-controlled sources. Wikipedia is [[WP:NOTDIR|not comprehensive directory of a subject's web presence]]. Linking to Twitter and social networking sites is discouraged if the links are easily found at the subject's main website or other official link. ===Single parameter=== If only one parameter is used in the template, this parameter will be the page's url, with the link being the name of the Wikipedia page used on. Example: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia}}</nowiki> produces *{{Twitter|Wikipedia}} The template links to <tt>https://twitter.com/Wikipedia</tt>, whilst the link itself displays the current page name. ===Two parameters=== If two parameters are used in the template, the first parameter will be the page's url, while the second will be the title of the link. Example: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia|The World's best website}}</nowiki> produces *{{twitter|Wikipedia|The World's best website}} The template links to <tt>https://twitter.com/Wikipedia</tt>, whilst the link itself displays "The World's best website". Likewise: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia|@Wikipedia}}</nowiki> produces *{{twitter|Wikipedia|@Wikipedia}} == See also == * {{tl|Twitter status}} * {{tl|Pinterest}} * [[Wikipedia:TWITTER]] <includeonly><!-- ++++ PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS BELOW THIS LINE, THANK YOU. --> {{DEFAULTSORT:Twitter}} [[Category:Templates for linking to a social networking site]] [[af:Sjabloon:Twitter]] [[ar:قالب:تويتر]] [[bar:Vorlage:Twitter]] [[be:Шаблон:Twitter]] [[be-x-old:Шаблён:Twitter]] [[bn:টেমপ্লেট:Twitter]] [[ca:Plantilla:Twitter]] [[cs:Šablona:Twitter]] [[da:Skabelon:Twitter]] [[de:Vorlage:Twitter]] [[es:Plantilla:Twitter]] [[fa:الگو:توییتر]] [[gl:Modelo:Twitter]] [[id:Templat:Twitter]] [[ja:Template:Twitter]] [[ka:თარგი:Twitter]] [[ko:틀:트위터]] [[ml:ഫലകം:Twitter Navigation]] [[no:Mal:Twitter]] [[pam:Template:Twitter]] [[pl:Szablon:Twitter]] [[pt:Predefinição:Twitter]] [[ro:Format:Twitter]] [[ru:Шаблон:Твиттер]] [[sv:Mall:Twitter]] [[th:แม่แบบ:ทวิตเตอร์]] [[tl:Suleras:Twitter]] [[tt:Калып:Twitter]] [[uk:Шаблон:Twitter]] [[ur:سانچہ:ٹویٹر]] [[zh:Template:Twitter]] </includeonly> l47uqzfniohqj7uwd1eyupov0h3nluq 696655 696654 2013-03-29T09:58:36Z DixonDBot 2300 Migrating 29 interwiki links, now provided by [[Wikipedia:Wikidata|Wikidata]] on [[d:Q6741634]] 696655 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE. --> The template name is <nowiki>"{{Twitter}}"</nowiki>. It is used to link articles to a particular [[Twitter]] account, by the account's [[Uniform Resource Locator|URL]] and title. ==Usage== {{See also|Wikipedia:External links/Perennial websites}} The [[Wikipedia:External links|external links guideline]] recommends [[WP:ELNO|avoiding links to Twitter]] unless the Twitter feed is [[WP:ELOFFICIAL|an official account]] "controlled by the subject (organization or individual person) of the Wikipedia article". Multiple hoax and "fan" accounts have been discovered; please make a particular effort to verify the authenticity of any official links. Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], such as newspaper stories, about the subject, or linked by other subject-controlled sources. Wikipedia is [[WP:NOTDIR|not comprehensive directory of a subject's web presence]]. Linking to Twitter and social networking sites is discouraged if the links are easily found at the subject's main website or other official link. ===Single parameter=== If only one parameter is used in the template, this parameter will be the page's url, with the link being the name of the Wikipedia page used on. Example: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia}}</nowiki> produces *{{Twitter|Wikipedia}} The template links to <tt>https://twitter.com/Wikipedia</tt>, whilst the link itself displays the current page name. ===Two parameters=== If two parameters are used in the template, the first parameter will be the page's url, while the second will be the title of the link. Example: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia|The World's best website}}</nowiki> produces *{{twitter|Wikipedia|The World's best website}} The template links to <tt>https://twitter.com/Wikipedia</tt>, whilst the link itself displays "The World's best website". Likewise: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia|@Wikipedia}}</nowiki> produces *{{twitter|Wikipedia|@Wikipedia}} == See also == * {{tl|Twitter status}} * {{tl|Pinterest}} * [[Wikipedia:TWITTER]] <includeonly><!-- ++++ PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS BELOW THIS LINE, THANK YOU. --> {{DEFAULTSORT:Twitter}} [[Category:Templates for linking to a social networking site]] </includeonly> <includeonly> [[de:Vorlage:Twitter]] [[ur:سانچہ:ٹویٹر]] </includeonly> e9n5rv9mgpk2bocc1b0xfpjfdxxrq69 696656 696655 2013-05-10T13:47:20Z 204.10.221.41 [[WP:AES|←]]Blanked the page 696656 wikitext text/x-wiki phoiac9h4m842xq45sp7s6u21eteeq1 696657 696656 2013-05-10T13:47:45Z Joaquin008 65143 Undid revision 554444422 by [[Special:Contributions/204.10.221.41|204.10.221.41]] ([[User talk:204.10.221.41|talk]]) 696657 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE. --> The template name is <nowiki>"{{Twitter}}"</nowiki>. It is used to link articles to a particular [[Twitter]] account, by the account's [[Uniform Resource Locator|URL]] and title. ==Usage== {{See also|Wikipedia:External links/Perennial websites}} The [[Wikipedia:External links|external links guideline]] recommends [[WP:ELNO|avoiding links to Twitter]] unless the Twitter feed is [[WP:ELOFFICIAL|an official account]] "controlled by the subject (organization or individual person) of the Wikipedia article". Multiple hoax and "fan" accounts have been discovered; please make a particular effort to verify the authenticity of any official links. Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], such as newspaper stories, about the subject, or linked by other subject-controlled sources. Wikipedia is [[WP:NOTDIR|not comprehensive directory of a subject's web presence]]. Linking to Twitter and social networking sites is discouraged if the links are easily found at the subject's main website or other official link. ===Single parameter=== If only one parameter is used in the template, this parameter will be the page's url, with the link being the name of the Wikipedia page used on. Example: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia}}</nowiki> produces *{{Twitter|Wikipedia}} The template links to <tt>https://twitter.com/Wikipedia</tt>, whilst the link itself displays the current page name. ===Two parameters=== If two parameters are used in the template, the first parameter will be the page's url, while the second will be the title of the link. Example: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia|The World's best website}}</nowiki> produces *{{twitter|Wikipedia|The World's best website}} The template links to <tt>https://twitter.com/Wikipedia</tt>, whilst the link itself displays "The World's best website". Likewise: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia|@Wikipedia}}</nowiki> produces *{{twitter|Wikipedia|@Wikipedia}} == See also == * {{tl|Twitter status}} * {{tl|Pinterest}} * [[Wikipedia:TWITTER]] <includeonly><!-- ++++ PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS BELOW THIS LINE, THANK YOU. --> {{DEFAULTSORT:Twitter}} [[Category:Templates for linking to a social networking site]] </includeonly> <includeonly> [[de:Vorlage:Twitter]] [[ur:سانچہ:ٹویٹر]] </includeonly> e9n5rv9mgpk2bocc1b0xfpjfdxxrq69 696658 696657 2013-06-19T12:31:30Z Aleksd 41850 696658 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE. --> The template name is <nowiki>"{{Twitter}}"</nowiki>. It is used to link articles to a particular [[Twitter]] account, by the account's [[Uniform Resource Locator|URL]] and title. ==Usage== {{See also|Wikipedia:External links/Perennial websites}} The [[Wikipedia:External links|external links guideline]] recommends [[WP:ELNO|avoiding links to Twitter]] unless the Twitter feed is [[WP:ELOFFICIAL|an official account]] "controlled by the subject (organization or individual person) of the Wikipedia article". Multiple hoax and "fan" accounts have been discovered; please make a particular effort to verify the authenticity of any official links. Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], such as newspaper stories, about the subject, or linked by other subject-controlled sources. Wikipedia is [[WP:NOTDIR|not comprehensive directory of a subject's web presence]]. Linking to Twitter and social networking sites is discouraged if the links are easily found at the subject's main website or other official link. ===Single parameter=== If only one parameter is used in the template, this parameter will be the page's url, with the link being the name of the Wikipedia page used on. Example: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia}}</nowiki> produces *{{Twitter|Wikipedia}} The template links to <tt>https://twitter.com/Wikipedia</tt>, whilst the link itself displays the current page name. ===Two parameters=== If two parameters are used in the template, the first parameter will be the page's url, while the second will be the title of the link. Example: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia|The World's best website}}</nowiki> produces *{{twitter|Wikipedia|The World's best website}} The template links to <tt>https://twitter.com/Wikipedia</tt>, whilst the link itself displays "The World's best website". Likewise: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia|@Wikipedia}}</nowiki> produces *{{twitter|Wikipedia|@Wikipedia}} == See also == * {{tl|Twitter status}} * {{tl|Twitter trend}} * {{tl|Pinterest}} * [[Wikipedia:TWITTER]] <includeonly><!-- ++++ PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS BELOW THIS LINE, THANK YOU. --> {{DEFAULTSORT:Twitter}} [[Category:Templates for linking to a social networking site]] </includeonly> <includeonly> [[de:Vorlage:Twitter]] [[ur:سانچہ:ٹویٹر]] </includeonly> cd2zdvfpixg9lek1dvp6wje00pbn1o3 696659 696658 2013-06-29T22:12:36Z Plastikspork 14478 /* See also */ Remove per [[WP:TFD]] outcome 696659 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE. --> The template name is <nowiki>"{{Twitter}}"</nowiki>. It is used to link articles to a particular [[Twitter]] account, by the account's [[Uniform Resource Locator|URL]] and title. ==Usage== {{See also|Wikipedia:External links/Perennial websites}} The [[Wikipedia:External links|external links guideline]] recommends [[WP:ELNO|avoiding links to Twitter]] unless the Twitter feed is [[WP:ELOFFICIAL|an official account]] "controlled by the subject (organization or individual person) of the Wikipedia article". Multiple hoax and "fan" accounts have been discovered; please make a particular effort to verify the authenticity of any official links. Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], such as newspaper stories, about the subject, or linked by other subject-controlled sources. Wikipedia is [[WP:NOTDIR|not comprehensive directory of a subject's web presence]]. Linking to Twitter and social networking sites is discouraged if the links are easily found at the subject's main website or other official link. ===Single parameter=== If only one parameter is used in the template, this parameter will be the page's url, with the link being the name of the Wikipedia page used on. Example: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia}}</nowiki> produces *{{Twitter|Wikipedia}} The template links to <tt>https://twitter.com/Wikipedia</tt>, whilst the link itself displays the current page name. ===Two parameters=== If two parameters are used in the template, the first parameter will be the page's url, while the second will be the title of the link. Example: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia|The World's best website}}</nowiki> produces *{{twitter|Wikipedia|The World's best website}} The template links to <tt>https://twitter.com/Wikipedia</tt>, whilst the link itself displays "The World's best website". Likewise: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia|@Wikipedia}}</nowiki> produces *{{twitter|Wikipedia|@Wikipedia}} == See also == * {{tl|Twitter status}} * {{tl|Pinterest}} * [[Wikipedia:TWITTER]] <includeonly><!-- ++++ PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS BELOW THIS LINE, THANK YOU. --> {{DEFAULTSORT:Twitter}} [[Category:Templates for linking to a social networking site]] </includeonly> <includeonly> [[de:Vorlage:Twitter]] [[ur:سانچہ:ٹویٹر]] </includeonly> e9n5rv9mgpk2bocc1b0xfpjfdxxrq69 696660 696659 2013-08-04T15:37:38Z Closedmouth 502 /* Usage */ +a 696660 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE. --> The template name is <nowiki>"{{Twitter}}"</nowiki>. It is used to link articles to a particular [[Twitter]] account, by the account's [[Uniform Resource Locator|URL]] and title. ==Usage== {{See also|Wikipedia:External links/Perennial websites}} The [[Wikipedia:External links|external links guideline]] recommends [[WP:ELNO|avoiding links to Twitter]] unless the Twitter feed is [[WP:ELOFFICIAL|an official account]] "controlled by the subject (organization or individual person) of the Wikipedia article". Multiple hoax and "fan" accounts have been discovered; please make a particular effort to verify the authenticity of any official links. Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], such as newspaper stories, about the subject, or linked by other subject-controlled sources. Wikipedia is [[WP:NOTDIR|not a comprehensive directory of a subject's web presence]]. Linking to Twitter and social networking sites is discouraged if the links are easily found at the subject's main website or other official link. ===Single parameter=== If only one parameter is used in the template, this parameter will be the page's url, with the link being the name of the Wikipedia page used on. Example: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia}}</nowiki> produces *{{Twitter|Wikipedia}} The template links to <tt>https://twitter.com/Wikipedia</tt>, whilst the link itself displays the current page name. ===Two parameters=== If two parameters are used in the template, the first parameter will be the page's url, while the second will be the title of the link. Example: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia|The World's best website}}</nowiki> produces *{{twitter|Wikipedia|The World's best website}} The template links to <tt>https://twitter.com/Wikipedia</tt>, whilst the link itself displays "The World's best website". Likewise: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia|@Wikipedia}}</nowiki> produces *{{twitter|Wikipedia|@Wikipedia}} == See also == * {{tl|Twitter status}} * {{tl|Pinterest}} * [[Wikipedia:TWITTER]] <includeonly><!-- ++++ PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS BELOW THIS LINE, THANK YOU. --> {{DEFAULTSORT:Twitter}} [[Category:Templates for linking to a social networking site]] </includeonly> <includeonly> [[de:Vorlage:Twitter]] [[ur:سانچہ:ٹویٹر]] </includeonly> 1yvpoud3xm8rcirkidbapmgc2bzxl7x 696661 696660 2013-09-21T03:18:57Z Vivaelcelta 27071 696661 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE. --> The template name is <nowiki>"{{Twitter}}"</nowiki>. It is used to link articles to a particular [[Twitter]] account, by the account's [[Uniform Resource Locator|URL]] and title. ==Usage== {{See also|Wikipedia:External links/Perennial websites}} The [[Wikipedia:External links|external links guideline]] recommends [[WP:ELNO|avoiding links to Twitter]] unless the Twitter feed is [[WP:ELOFFICIAL|an official account]] "controlled by the subject (organization or individual person) of the Wikipedia article". Multiple hoax and "fan" accounts have been discovered; please make a particular effort to verify the authenticity of any official links. Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], such as newspaper stories, about the subject, or linked by other subject-controlled sources. Wikipedia is [[WP:NOTDIR|not a comprehensive directory of a subject's web presence]]. Linking to Twitter and social networking sites is discouraged if the links are easily found at the subject's main website or other official link. ===Single parameter=== If only one parameter is used in the template, this parameter will be the page's url, with the link being the name of the Wikipedia page used on. Example: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia}}</nowiki> produces *{{Twitter|Wikipedia}} The template links to <tt>https://twitter.com/Wikipedia</tt>, whilst the link itself displays the current page name. ===Two parameters=== If two parameters are used in the template, the first parameter will be the page's url, while the second will be the title of the link. Example: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia|The World's best website}}</nowiki> produces *{{twitter|Wikipedia|The World's best website}} The template links to <tt>https://twitter.com/Wikipedia</tt>, whilst the link itself displays "The World's best website". Likewise: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia|@Wikipedia}}</nowiki> produces *{{twitter|Wikipedia|@Wikipedia}} == See also == * {{tl|Twitter status}} * {{tl|Pinterest}} * [[Wikipedia:TWITTER]] <includeonly><!-- ++++ PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS BELOW THIS LINE, THANK YOU. --> {{DEFAULTSORT:Twitter}} [[Category:Templates for linking to a social networking site]] </includeonly> eb36iak4z35f0mf93aigc7k8utxlx8y 696662 696661 2014-02-14T14:32:44Z Jreferee 41939 Clarified 696662 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE. --> The template name is <nowiki>"{{Twitter}}"</nowiki>. It is used to link articles to a particular [[Twitter]] account, by the account's [[Uniform Resource Locator|URL]] and title. ==Usage== {{See also|Wikipedia:External links/Perennial websites}} The [[Wikipedia:External links|external links guideline]] recommends [[WP:ELNO|avoiding links to Twitter]] unless the Twitter feed is [[WP:ELOFFICIAL|an official account]] "controlled by the subject (organization or individual person) of the Wikipedia article". Multiple hoax and "fan" accounts have been discovered; please make a particular effort to verify the authenticity of any official links. Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], such as newspaper stories, about the subject, or linked by other subject-controlled sources. Wikipedia is [[WP:NOTDIR|not a comprehensive directory of a subject's web presence]]. Linking to Twitter and social networking sites is discouraged if the links are easily found at the subject's main website or other official link. ===Single parameter=== If only one parameter is used in the template, this parameter will be the page's url, with the link being the name of the Wikipedia page used on. Example: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia}}</nowiki> produces *{{Twitter|Wikipedia}} Since "Twitter" is the name of the Wikipedia page you now are looking at, the link above shows "Twitter on Twitter" for the Wikipedia page. The lead name will change according to the name of the Wikipedia page used on. Also, the template links to <tt>https://twitter.com/Wikipedia</tt>, whilst the link itself displays the current page name. ===Two parameters=== If two parameters are used in the template, the first parameter will be the page's url, while the second will be the title of the link. Example: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia|The World's best website}}</nowiki> produces *{{twitter|Wikipedia|The World's best website}} The template links to <tt>https://twitter.com/Wikipedia</tt>, whilst the link itself displays "The World's best website". Likewise: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia|@Wikipedia}}</nowiki> produces *{{twitter|Wikipedia|@Wikipedia}} == See also == * {{tl|Twitter status}} * {{tl|Pinterest}} * [[Wikipedia:TWITTER]] <includeonly><!-- ++++ PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS BELOW THIS LINE, THANK YOU. --> {{DEFAULTSORT:Twitter}} [[Category:Templates for linking to a social networking site]] </includeonly> 4rmvn7jaql5oaotayg6yvzugxzqkf0o 696663 696662 2014-06-16T16:00:44Z Xb2u7Zjzc32 65144 See also 696663 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE. --> The template name is <nowiki>"{{Twitter}}"</nowiki>. It is used to link articles to a particular [[Twitter]] account, by the account's [[Uniform Resource Locator|URL]] and title. ==Usage== {{See also|Wikipedia:External links/Perennial websites}} The [[Wikipedia:External links|external links guideline]] recommends [[WP:ELNO|avoiding links to Twitter]] unless the Twitter feed is [[WP:ELOFFICIAL|an official account]] "controlled by the subject (organization or individual person) of the Wikipedia article". Multiple hoax and "fan" accounts have been discovered; please make a particular effort to verify the authenticity of any official links. Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], such as newspaper stories, about the subject, or linked by other subject-controlled sources. Wikipedia is [[WP:NOTDIR|not a comprehensive directory of a subject's web presence]]. Linking to Twitter and social networking sites is discouraged if the links are easily found at the subject's main website or other official link. ===Single parameter=== If only one parameter is used in the template, this parameter will be the page's url, with the link being the name of the Wikipedia page used on. Example: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia}}</nowiki> produces *{{Twitter|Wikipedia}} Since "Twitter" is the name of the Wikipedia page you now are looking at, the link above shows "Twitter on Twitter" for the Wikipedia page. The lead name will change according to the name of the Wikipedia page used on. Also, the template links to <tt>https://twitter.com/Wikipedia</tt>, whilst the link itself displays the current page name. ===Two parameters=== If two parameters are used in the template, the first parameter will be the page's url, while the second will be the title of the link. Example: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia|The World's best website}}</nowiki> produces *{{twitter|Wikipedia|The World's best website}} The template links to <tt>https://twitter.com/Wikipedia</tt>, whilst the link itself displays "The World's best website". Likewise: <nowiki>{{Twitter|Wikipedia|@Wikipedia}}</nowiki> produces *{{twitter|Wikipedia|@Wikipedia}} == See also == * {{tl|Twitter status}} * {{tl|Pinterest}} * {{tl|Tumblr}} * {{tl|Flickr}} * {{tl|Instagram}} * [[Wikipedia:TWITTER]] <includeonly><!-- ++++ PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS BELOW THIS LINE, THANK YOU. --> {{DEFAULTSORT:Twitter}} [[Category:Templates for linking to a social networking site]] </includeonly> imvqki13b97uqs20chy4xhf8dbvaa2t 696664 696663 2014-09-27T05:17:53Z Zyxw 14644 update documentation, add TemplateData 696664 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!--Categories where indicated at the bottom of this page, please; interwikis at Wikidata (see [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]])--> This template generates an external link to an account at [[Twitter]]. {{See also|Wikipedia:External links/Perennial websites}} The [[Wikipedia:External links|external links guideline]] recommends [[WP:ELNO|avoiding links to Twitter]] unless the Twitter feed is [[WP:ELOFFICIAL|an official account]] "controlled by the subject (organization or individual person) of the Wikipedia article". Multiple hoax and "fan" accounts have been discovered; please make a particular effort to verify the authenticity of any official links. Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], such as newspaper stories, about the subject, or linked by other subject-controlled sources. Wikipedia is [[WP:NOTDIR|not a comprehensive directory of a subject's web presence]]. Linking to Twitter and social networking sites is discouraged if the links are easily found at the subject's main website or other official link. == Usage == One parameter: : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | ''ID'' }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= ''ID'' }}</code> Two parameters: : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | ''ID'' | ''NAME'' }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= ''ID'' | name= ''NAME'' }}</code> == Examples == ===One parameter=== This parameter will be the ID string used in the [[URL]] at Twitter. When one parameter is used, the [[link text]] is the title of the Wikipedia article where the template is used. : URL: <code><nowiki>https://</nowiki>twitter.com/{{hilite|Wikipedia}}</code> # <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | Wikipedia }}</code> #: {{{{BASEPAGENAME}} | Wikipedia }} # <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= Wikipedia }}</code> #: {{{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= Wikipedia }} Since "Twitter" is the name of the Wikipedia page you now are looking at, the link above shows "Twitter on Twitter" for the Wikipedia page. The lead name will change according to the name of the Wikipedia page used on. ===Two parameters=== The first parameter will be the ID string used in the [[URL]] at Twitter. The second parameter will be used at the [[link text]]. : URL: <code><nowiki>https://</nowiki>twitter.com/{{hilite|AcadiaU}}</code> # <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | AcadiaU | Acadia University }}</code> #: {{{{BASEPAGENAME}} | AcadiaU | Acadia University }} # <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= AcadiaU | name= Acadia University }}</code> #: {{{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= AcadiaU | name= Acadia University }} == Template data == {{TemplateDataHeader}} <templatedata> { "description": "This template generates an external link to an account at Twitter.", "params": { "id": { "label": "ID", "description": "ID string used in the URL.", "type": "string", "required": true, "aliases": [ "1" ] }, "name": { "label": "Name", "description": "Name displayed as the link text. If not specified it defaults to the article's {{PAGENAME}}, without disambiguation.", "type": "string", "required": false, "aliases": [ "2" ] } } } </templatedata> == See also == * {{tl|Twitter status}} * {{tl|Pinterest}} * {{tl|Tumblr}} * {{tl|Flickr}} * {{tl|Instagram}} * [[Wikipedia:TWITTER]] <includeonly>{{#ifeq:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|sandbox | | <!--Categories below this line, please; interwikis at Wikidata--> {{DEFAULTSORT:Twitter}} [[Category:Templates for linking to a social networking site]] }}</includeonly> 2jd0n4fu6jr65jd3ayptnkngfhdtl09 696665 696664 2014-10-18T15:56:01Z Koavf 36 696665 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!--Categories where indicated at the bottom of this page, please; interwikis at Wikidata (see [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]])--> This template generates an external link to an account at [[Twitter]]. {{See also|Wikipedia:External links/Perennial websites}} The [[Wikipedia:External links|external links guideline]] recommends [[WP:ELNO|avoiding links to Twitter]]. Only include links to social media if it is [[WP:ELOFFICIAL|an official account]] "controlled by the subject (organization or individual person) of the Wikipedia article" and not easily linked from another link included in the article (i.e. if the individual's homepage is linked and ''that'' has a prominent link to a Twitter feed, delete the Twitter link from here). Multiple hoax and "fan" accounts have been discovered; please make a particular effort to verify the authenticity of any official links. Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], such as newspaper stories, about the subject, or linked by other subject-controlled sources. Wikipedia is [[WP:NOTDIR|not a comprehensive directory of a subject's web presence]]. Linking to Twitter and social networking sites is discouraged if the links are easily found at the subject's main website or other official link. == Usage == One parameter: : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | ''ID'' }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= ''ID'' }}</code> Two parameters: : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | ''ID'' | ''NAME'' }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= ''ID'' | name= ''NAME'' }}</code> == Examples == ===One parameter=== This parameter will be the ID string used in the [[URL]] at Twitter. When one parameter is used, the [[link text]] is the title of the Wikipedia article where the template is used. : URL: <code><nowiki>https://</nowiki>twitter.com/{{hilite|Wikipedia}}</code> # <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | Wikipedia }}</code> #: {{{{BASEPAGENAME}} | Wikipedia }} # <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= Wikipedia }}</code> #: {{{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= Wikipedia }} Since "Twitter" is the name of the Wikipedia page you now are looking at, the link above shows "Twitter on Twitter" for the Wikipedia page. The lead name will change according to the name of the Wikipedia page used on. ===Two parameters=== The first parameter will be the ID string used in the [[URL]] at Twitter. The second parameter will be used at the [[link text]]. : URL: <code><nowiki>https://</nowiki>twitter.com/{{hilite|AcadiaU}}</code> # <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | AcadiaU | Acadia University }}</code> #: {{{{BASEPAGENAME}} | AcadiaU | Acadia University }} # <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= AcadiaU | name= Acadia University }}</code> #: {{{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= AcadiaU | name= Acadia University }} == Template data == {{TemplateDataHeader}} <templatedata> { "description": "This template generates an external link to an account at Twitter.", "params": { "id": { "label": "ID", "description": "ID string used in the URL.", "type": "string", "required": true, "aliases": [ "1" ] }, "name": { "label": "Name", "description": "Name displayed as the link text. If not specified it defaults to the article's {{PAGENAME}}, without disambiguation.", "type": "string", "required": false, "aliases": [ "2" ] } } } </templatedata> == See also == * {{tl|Twitter status}} * {{tl|Pinterest}} * {{tl|Tumblr}} * {{tl|Flickr}} * {{tl|Instagram}} * [[Wikipedia:TWITTER]] <includeonly>{{#ifeq:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|sandbox | | <!--Categories below this line, please; interwikis at Wikidata--> {{DEFAULTSORT:Twitter}} [[Category:Templates for linking to a social networking site]] }}</includeonly> 6i7hbzu6tm3k7n1wzuhyclfr493qwui 696666 696665 2014-10-29T22:03:03Z Poveglia 65145 template warning was invented for situations like this -- making it more similar to [[Template:Facebook/doc]] 696666 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!--Categories where indicated at the bottom of this page, please; interwikis at Wikidata (see [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]])--> {{warning|The [[Wikipedia:External links|external links guideline]] recommends [[WP:ELNO|avoiding links to Twitter]]. Only include links to social media if it is not easily linked from another link included in the article (i.e. if the individual's homepage is linked and ''that'' has a prominent link to a Twitter feed, delete the Twitter link here). Wikipedia is [[WP:NOTDIR|not a comprehensive directory of a subject's web presence]]. Only link to [[WP:ELOFFICIAL|official accounts]] "controlled by the subject (organization or individual person) of the Wikipedia article". Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]] or linked by other subject-controlled sources.}} This template generates an external link to an account at [[Twitter]]. {{See also|Wikipedia:External links/Perennial websites}} Multiple hoax and "fan" accounts have been discovered; please make a particular effort to verify the authenticity of any official links. Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], such as newspaper stories, about the subject, or linked by other subject-controlled sources. == Usage == One parameter: : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | ''ID'' }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= ''ID'' }}</code> Two parameters: : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | ''ID'' | ''NAME'' }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= ''ID'' | name= ''NAME'' }}</code> == Examples == ===One parameter=== This parameter will be the ID string used in the [[URL]] at Twitter. When one parameter is used, the [[link text]] is the title of the Wikipedia article where the template is used. : URL: <code><nowiki>https://</nowiki>twitter.com/{{hilite|Wikipedia}}</code> # <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | Wikipedia }}</code> #: {{{{BASEPAGENAME}} | Wikipedia }} # <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= Wikipedia }}</code> #: {{{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= Wikipedia }} Since "Twitter" is the name of the Wikipedia page you now are looking at, the link above shows "Twitter on Twitter" for the Wikipedia page. The lead name will change according to the name of the Wikipedia page used on. ===Two parameters=== The first parameter will be the ID string used in the [[URL]] at Twitter. The second parameter will be used at the [[link text]]. : URL: <code><nowiki>https://</nowiki>twitter.com/{{hilite|AcadiaU}}</code> # <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | AcadiaU | Acadia University }}</code> #: {{{{BASEPAGENAME}} | AcadiaU | Acadia University }} # <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= AcadiaU | name= Acadia University }}</code> #: {{{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= AcadiaU | name= Acadia University }} == Template data == {{TemplateDataHeader}} <templatedata> { "description": "This template generates an external link to an account at Twitter.", "params": { "id": { "label": "ID", "description": "ID string used in the URL.", "type": "string", "required": true, "aliases": [ "1" ] }, "name": { "label": "Name", "description": "Name displayed as the link text. If not specified it defaults to the article's {{PAGENAME}}, without disambiguation.", "type": "string", "required": false, "aliases": [ "2" ] } } } </templatedata> == See also == * {{tl|Twitter status}} * {{tl|Pinterest}} * {{tl|Tumblr}} * {{tl|Flickr}} * {{tl|Instagram}} * [[Wikipedia:TWITTER]] <includeonly>{{#ifeq:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|sandbox | | <!--Categories below this line, please; interwikis at Wikidata--> {{DEFAULTSORT:Twitter}} [[Category:Templates for linking to a social networking site]] }}</includeonly> i9z5weixax5yec4w3yt67qiitcz1ihi 696667 696666 2014-12-13T04:52:50Z Evrik 48287 /* See also */ 696667 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!--Categories where indicated at the bottom of this page, please; interwikis at Wikidata (see [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]])--> {{warning|The [[Wikipedia:External links|external links guideline]] recommends [[WP:ELNO|avoiding links to Twitter]]. Only include links to social media if it is not easily linked from another link included in the article (i.e. if the individual's homepage is linked and ''that'' has a prominent link to a Twitter feed, delete the Twitter link here). Wikipedia is [[WP:NOTDIR|not a comprehensive directory of a subject's web presence]]. Only link to [[WP:ELOFFICIAL|official accounts]] "controlled by the subject (organization or individual person) of the Wikipedia article". Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]] or linked by other subject-controlled sources.}} This template generates an external link to an account at [[Twitter]]. {{See also|Wikipedia:External links/Perennial websites}} Multiple hoax and "fan" accounts have been discovered; please make a particular effort to verify the authenticity of any official links. Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], such as newspaper stories, about the subject, or linked by other subject-controlled sources. == Usage == One parameter: : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | ''ID'' }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= ''ID'' }}</code> Two parameters: : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | ''ID'' | ''NAME'' }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= ''ID'' | name= ''NAME'' }}</code> == Examples == ===One parameter=== This parameter will be the ID string used in the [[URL]] at Twitter. When one parameter is used, the [[link text]] is the title of the Wikipedia article where the template is used. : URL: <code><nowiki>https://</nowiki>twitter.com/{{hilite|Wikipedia}}</code> # <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | Wikipedia }}</code> #: {{{{BASEPAGENAME}} | Wikipedia }} # <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= Wikipedia }}</code> #: {{{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= Wikipedia }} Since "Twitter" is the name of the Wikipedia page you now are looking at, the link above shows "Twitter on Twitter" for the Wikipedia page. The lead name will change according to the name of the Wikipedia page used on. ===Two parameters=== The first parameter will be the ID string used in the [[URL]] at Twitter. The second parameter will be used at the [[link text]]. : URL: <code><nowiki>https://</nowiki>twitter.com/{{hilite|AcadiaU}}</code> # <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | AcadiaU | Acadia University }}</code> #: {{{{BASEPAGENAME}} | AcadiaU | Acadia University }} # <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= AcadiaU | name= Acadia University }}</code> #: {{{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= AcadiaU | name= Acadia University }} == Template data == {{TemplateDataHeader}} <templatedata> { "description": "This template generates an external link to an account at Twitter.", "params": { "id": { "label": "ID", "description": "ID string used in the URL.", "type": "string", "required": true, "aliases": [ "1" ] }, "name": { "label": "Name", "description": "Name displayed as the link text. If not specified it defaults to the article's {{PAGENAME}}, without disambiguation.", "type": "string", "required": false, "aliases": [ "2" ] } } } </templatedata> == See also == * {{tl|Twitter status}} * {{tl|Pinterest}} * {{tl|Tumblr}} * {{tl|flickr-inline}} * {{tl|flickr-inline2}} * {{tl|Instagram}} * [[Wikipedia:TWITTER]] <includeonly>{{#ifeq:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|sandbox | | <!--Categories below this line, please; interwikis at Wikidata--> {{DEFAULTSORT:Twitter}} [[Category:Templates for linking to a social networking site]] }}</includeonly> qzdyde7nz3fs729inpzid8y0urx993z 696668 696667 2015-02-23T10:01:51Z GermanJoe 43136 + quote "complete" exception 696668 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!--Categories where indicated at the bottom of this page, please; interwikis at Wikidata (see [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]])--> {{warning|The [[Wikipedia:External links|external links guideline]] recommends [[WP:ELNO|avoiding links to Twitter]]. Only include links to social media if it is not easily linked from another link included in the article (i.e. if the individual's homepage is linked and ''that'' has a prominent link to a Twitter feed, delete the Twitter link here) and when the Twitter link provides the reader with significant unique content. Wikipedia is [[WP:NOTDIR|not a comprehensive directory of a subject's web presence]]. Only link to [[WP:ELOFFICIAL|official accounts]] "controlled by the subject (organization or individual person) of the Wikipedia article". Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]] or linked by other subject-controlled sources.}} This template generates an external link to an account at [[Twitter]]. {{See also|Wikipedia:External links/Perennial websites}} Multiple hoax and "fan" accounts have been discovered; please make a particular effort to verify the authenticity of any official links. Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], such as newspaper stories, about the subject, or linked by other subject-controlled sources. == Usage == One parameter: : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | ''ID'' }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= ''ID'' }}</code> Two parameters: : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | ''ID'' | ''NAME'' }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= ''ID'' | name= ''NAME'' }}</code> == Examples == ===One parameter=== This parameter will be the ID string used in the [[URL]] at Twitter. When one parameter is used, the [[link text]] is the title of the Wikipedia article where the template is used. : URL: <code><nowiki>https://</nowiki>twitter.com/{{hilite|Wikipedia}}</code> # <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | Wikipedia }}</code> #: {{{{BASEPAGENAME}} | Wikipedia }} # <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= Wikipedia }}</code> #: {{{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= Wikipedia }} Since "Twitter" is the name of the Wikipedia page you now are looking at, the link above shows "Twitter on Twitter" for the Wikipedia page. The lead name will change according to the name of the Wikipedia page used on. ===Two parameters=== The first parameter will be the ID string used in the [[URL]] at Twitter. The second parameter will be used at the [[link text]]. : URL: <code><nowiki>https://</nowiki>twitter.com/{{hilite|AcadiaU}}</code> # <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | AcadiaU | Acadia University }}</code> #: {{{{BASEPAGENAME}} | AcadiaU | Acadia University }} # <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= AcadiaU | name= Acadia University }}</code> #: {{{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= AcadiaU | name= Acadia University }} == Template data == {{TemplateDataHeader}} <templatedata> { "description": "This template generates an external link to an account at Twitter.", "params": { "id": { "label": "ID", "description": "ID string used in the URL.", "type": "string", "required": true, "aliases": [ "1" ] }, "name": { "label": "Name", "description": "Name displayed as the link text. If not specified it defaults to the article's {{PAGENAME}}, without disambiguation.", "type": "string", "required": false, "aliases": [ "2" ] } } } </templatedata> == See also == * {{tl|Twitter status}} * {{tl|Pinterest}} * {{tl|Tumblr}} * {{tl|flickr-inline}} * {{tl|flickr-inline2}} * {{tl|Instagram}} * [[Wikipedia:TWITTER]] <includeonly>{{#ifeq:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|sandbox | | <!--Categories below this line, please; interwikis at Wikidata--> {{DEFAULTSORT:Twitter}} [[Category:Templates for linking to a social networking site]] }}</includeonly> k64nvkdtnzf5og8bgvxp8r2bpwrmyph 696669 696668 2015-02-23T10:05:18Z GermanJoe 43136 format - see facebook/doc 696669 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!--Categories where indicated at the bottom of this page, please; interwikis at Wikidata (see [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]])--> {{warning|The [[Wikipedia:External links|external links guideline]] recommends [[WP:ELNO|avoiding links to Twitter]]. Only include links to social media if it is not easily linked from another link included in the article (i.e. if the individual's homepage is linked and ''that'' has a prominent link to a Twitter feed, delete the Twitter link here) '''and''' when the Twitter link provides the reader with significant unique content. Wikipedia is [[WP:NOTDIR|not a comprehensive directory of a subject's web presence]]. Only link to [[WP:ELOFFICIAL|official accounts]] "controlled by the subject (organization or individual person) of the Wikipedia article". Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]] or linked by other subject-controlled sources.}} This template generates an external link to an account at [[Twitter]]. {{See also|Wikipedia:External links/Perennial websites}} Multiple hoax and "fan" accounts have been discovered; please make a particular effort to verify the authenticity of any official links. Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], such as newspaper stories, about the subject, or linked by other subject-controlled sources. == Usage == One parameter: : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | ''ID'' }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= ''ID'' }}</code> Two parameters: : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | ''ID'' | ''NAME'' }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= ''ID'' | name= ''NAME'' }}</code> == Examples == ===One parameter=== This parameter will be the ID string used in the [[URL]] at Twitter. When one parameter is used, the [[link text]] is the title of the Wikipedia article where the template is used. : URL: <code><nowiki>https://</nowiki>twitter.com/{{hilite|Wikipedia}}</code> # <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | Wikipedia }}</code> #: {{{{BASEPAGENAME}} | Wikipedia }} # <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= Wikipedia }}</code> #: {{{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= Wikipedia }} Since "Twitter" is the name of the Wikipedia page you now are looking at, the link above shows "Twitter on Twitter" for the Wikipedia page. The lead name will change according to the name of the Wikipedia page used on. ===Two parameters=== The first parameter will be the ID string used in the [[URL]] at Twitter. The second parameter will be used at the [[link text]]. : URL: <code><nowiki>https://</nowiki>twitter.com/{{hilite|AcadiaU}}</code> # <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | AcadiaU | Acadia University }}</code> #: {{{{BASEPAGENAME}} | AcadiaU | Acadia University }} # <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= AcadiaU | name= Acadia University }}</code> #: {{{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= AcadiaU | name= Acadia University }} == Template data == {{TemplateDataHeader}} <templatedata> { "description": "This template generates an external link to an account at Twitter.", "params": { "id": { "label": "ID", "description": "ID string used in the URL.", "type": "string", "required": true, "aliases": [ "1" ] }, "name": { "label": "Name", "description": "Name displayed as the link text. If not specified it defaults to the article's {{PAGENAME}}, without disambiguation.", "type": "string", "required": false, "aliases": [ "2" ] } } } </templatedata> == See also == * {{tl|Twitter status}} * {{tl|Pinterest}} * {{tl|Tumblr}} * {{tl|flickr-inline}} * {{tl|flickr-inline2}} * {{tl|Instagram}} * [[Wikipedia:TWITTER]] <includeonly>{{#ifeq:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|sandbox | | <!--Categories below this line, please; interwikis at Wikidata--> {{DEFAULTSORT:Twitter}} [[Category:Templates for linking to a social networking site]] }}</includeonly> 0yfemvd40uf8tpdohab07hohpypfk7r 696670 696669 2015-08-17T10:45:23Z Pigsonthewing 6277 +Verified 696670 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!--Categories where indicated at the bottom of this page, please; interwikis at Wikidata (see [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]])--> {{warning|The [[Wikipedia:External links|external links guideline]] recommends [[WP:ELNO|avoiding links to Twitter]]. Only include links to social media if it is not easily linked from another link included in the article (i.e. if the individual's homepage is linked and ''that'' has a prominent link to a Twitter feed, delete the Twitter link here) '''and''' when the Twitter link provides the reader with significant unique content. Wikipedia is [[WP:NOTDIR|not a comprehensive directory of a subject's web presence]]. Only link to [[WP:ELOFFICIAL|official accounts]] "controlled by the subject (organization or individual person) of the Wikipedia article". Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]] or linked by other subject-controlled sources; or marked "Verified" by Twitter.}} This template generates an external link to an account at [[Twitter]]. {{See also|Wikipedia:External links/Perennial websites}} Multiple hoax and "fan" accounts have been discovered; please make a particular effort to verify the authenticity of any official links. Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], such as newspaper stories, about the subject, or linked by other subject-controlled sources. == Usage == One parameter: : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | ''ID'' }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= ''ID'' }}</code> Two parameters: : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | ''ID'' | ''NAME'' }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= ''ID'' | name= ''NAME'' }}</code> == Examples == ===One parameter=== This parameter will be the ID string used in the [[URL]] at Twitter. When one parameter is used, the [[link text]] is the title of the Wikipedia article where the template is used. : URL: <code><nowiki>https://</nowiki>twitter.com/{{hilite|Wikipedia}}</code> # <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | Wikipedia }}</code> #: {{{{BASEPAGENAME}} | Wikipedia }} # <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= Wikipedia }}</code> #: {{{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= Wikipedia }} Since "Twitter" is the name of the Wikipedia page you now are looking at, the link above shows "Twitter on Twitter" for the Wikipedia page. The lead name will change according to the name of the Wikipedia page used on. ===Two parameters=== The first parameter will be the ID string used in the [[URL]] at Twitter. The second parameter will be used at the [[link text]]. : URL: <code><nowiki>https://</nowiki>twitter.com/{{hilite|AcadiaU}}</code> # <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | AcadiaU | Acadia University }}</code> #: {{{{BASEPAGENAME}} | AcadiaU | Acadia University }} # <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= AcadiaU | name= Acadia University }}</code> #: {{{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= AcadiaU | name= Acadia University }} == Template data == {{TemplateDataHeader}} <templatedata> { "description": "This template generates an external link to an account at Twitter.", "params": { "id": { "label": "ID", "description": "ID string used in the URL.", "type": "string", "required": true, "aliases": [ "1" ] }, "name": { "label": "Name", "description": "Name displayed as the link text. If not specified it defaults to the article's {{PAGENAME}}, without disambiguation.", "type": "string", "required": false, "aliases": [ "2" ] } } } </templatedata> == See also == * {{tl|Twitter status}} * {{tl|Pinterest}} * {{tl|Tumblr}} * {{tl|flickr-inline}} * {{tl|flickr-inline2}} * {{tl|Instagram}} * [[Wikipedia:TWITTER]] <includeonly>{{#ifeq:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|sandbox | | <!--Categories below this line, please; interwikis at Wikidata--> {{DEFAULTSORT:Twitter}} [[Category:Templates for linking to a social networking site]] }}</includeonly> 43bqrwutuvfa424ol4abcrdmjrq17nl 696671 696670 2015-11-09T19:41:16Z Tfmorris1 16846 Fix doc to be consistent 696671 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!--Categories where indicated at the bottom of this page, please; interwikis at Wikidata (see [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]])--> {{warning|The [[Wikipedia:External links|external links guideline]] recommends [[WP:ELNO|avoiding links to Twitter]]. Only include links to social media if it is not easily linked from another link included in the article (i.e. if the individual's homepage is linked and ''that'' has a prominent link to a Twitter feed, delete the Twitter link here) '''and''' when the Twitter link provides the reader with significant unique content. Wikipedia is [[WP:NOTDIR|not a comprehensive directory of a subject's web presence]]. Only link to [[WP:ELOFFICIAL|official accounts]] "controlled by the subject (organization or individual person) of the Wikipedia article". Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]] or linked by other subject-controlled sources; or marked "Verified" by Twitter.}} This template generates an external link to an account at [[Twitter]]. {{See also|Wikipedia:External links/Perennial websites}} Multiple hoax and "fan" accounts have been discovered; please make a particular effort to verify the authenticity of any official links. Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], such as newspaper stories, about the subject, or linked by other subject-controlled sources. == Usage == One parameter: : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | ''ID'' }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= ''ID'' }}</code> Two parameters: : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | ''ID'' | ''NAME'' }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= ''ID'' | name= ''NAME'' }}</code> == Examples == ===One parameter=== This parameter will be the ID string used in the [[URL]] at Twitter. When one parameter is used, the [[link text]] is the title of the Wikipedia article where the template is used. : URL: <code><nowiki>https://</nowiki>twitter.com/{{hilite|{{BASEPAGENAME}}}}</code> # <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | {{BASEPAGENAME}} }}</code> #: {{{{BASEPAGENAME}} | {{BASEPAGENAME}} }} # <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= {{BASEPAGENAME}} }}</code> #: {{{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= {{BASEPAGENAME}} }} Since "Twitter" is the name of the Wikipedia page you now are looking at, the link above shows "Twitter on Twitter" for the Wikipedia page. The lead name will change according to the name of the Wikipedia page used on. ===Two parameters=== The first parameter will be the ID string used in the [[URL]] at Twitter. The second parameter will be used at the [[link text]]. : URL: <code><nowiki>https://</nowiki>twitter.com/{{hilite|AcadiaU}}</code> # <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | AcadiaU | Acadia University }}</code> #: {{{{BASEPAGENAME}} | AcadiaU | Acadia University }} # <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= AcadiaU | name= Acadia University }}</code> #: {{{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= AcadiaU | name= Acadia University }} == Template data == {{TemplateDataHeader}} <templatedata> { "description": "This template generates an external link to an account at Twitter.", "params": { "id": { "label": "ID", "description": "ID string used in the URL.", "type": "string", "required": true, "aliases": [ "1" ] }, "name": { "label": "Name", "description": "Name displayed as the link text. If not specified it defaults to the article's {{PAGENAME}}, without disambiguation.", "type": "string", "required": false, "aliases": [ "2" ] } } } </templatedata> == See also == * {{tl|Twitter status}} * {{tl|Pinterest}} * {{tl|Tumblr}} * {{tl|flickr-inline}} * {{tl|flickr-inline2}} * {{tl|Instagram}} * [[Wikipedia:TWITTER]] <includeonly>{{#ifeq:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|sandbox | | <!--Categories below this line, please; interwikis at Wikidata--> {{DEFAULTSORT:Twitter}} [[Category:Templates for linking to a social networking site]] }}</includeonly> qpu300yxu5omx5dceh5fhg2yw3wqyz9 696672 696671 2015-11-19T15:53:06Z ArmbrustBot 41991 /* See also */re-categorisation per [[Wikipedia:Categories for discussion/Log/2015 November 6]], replaced: Category:Templates for linking to a social networking site → Category:Social media external link templates using [[Project:AWB|AWB]] 696672 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!--Categories where indicated at the bottom of this page, please; interwikis at Wikidata (see [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]])--> {{warning|The [[Wikipedia:External links|external links guideline]] recommends [[WP:ELNO|avoiding links to Twitter]]. Only include links to social media if it is not easily linked from another link included in the article (i.e. if the individual's homepage is linked and ''that'' has a prominent link to a Twitter feed, delete the Twitter link here) '''and''' when the Twitter link provides the reader with significant unique content. Wikipedia is [[WP:NOTDIR|not a comprehensive directory of a subject's web presence]]. Only link to [[WP:ELOFFICIAL|official accounts]] "controlled by the subject (organization or individual person) of the Wikipedia article". Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]] or linked by other subject-controlled sources; or marked "Verified" by Twitter.}} This template generates an external link to an account at [[Twitter]]. {{See also|Wikipedia:External links/Perennial websites}} Multiple hoax and "fan" accounts have been discovered; please make a particular effort to verify the authenticity of any official links. Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], such as newspaper stories, about the subject, or linked by other subject-controlled sources. == Usage == One parameter: : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | ''ID'' }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= ''ID'' }}</code> Two parameters: : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | ''ID'' | ''NAME'' }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= ''ID'' | name= ''NAME'' }}</code> == Examples == ===One parameter=== This parameter will be the ID string used in the [[URL]] at Twitter. When one parameter is used, the [[link text]] is the title of the Wikipedia article where the template is used. : URL: <code><nowiki>https://</nowiki>twitter.com/{{hilite|{{BASEPAGENAME}}}}</code> # <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | {{BASEPAGENAME}} }}</code> #: {{{{BASEPAGENAME}} | {{BASEPAGENAME}} }} # <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= {{BASEPAGENAME}} }}</code> #: {{{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= {{BASEPAGENAME}} }} Since "Twitter" is the name of the Wikipedia page you now are looking at, the link above shows "Twitter on Twitter" for the Wikipedia page. The lead name will change according to the name of the Wikipedia page used on. ===Two parameters=== The first parameter will be the ID string used in the [[URL]] at Twitter. The second parameter will be used at the [[link text]]. : URL: <code><nowiki>https://</nowiki>twitter.com/{{hilite|AcadiaU}}</code> # <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | AcadiaU | Acadia University }}</code> #: {{{{BASEPAGENAME}} | AcadiaU | Acadia University }} # <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= AcadiaU | name= Acadia University }}</code> #: {{{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= AcadiaU | name= Acadia University }} == Template data == {{TemplateDataHeader}} <templatedata> { "description": "This template generates an external link to an account at Twitter.", "params": { "id": { "label": "ID", "description": "ID string used in the URL.", "type": "string", "required": true, "aliases": [ "1" ] }, "name": { "label": "Name", "description": "Name displayed as the link text. If not specified it defaults to the article's {{PAGENAME}}, without disambiguation.", "type": "string", "required": false, "aliases": [ "2" ] } } } </templatedata> == See also == * {{tl|Twitter status}} * {{tl|Pinterest}} * {{tl|Tumblr}} * {{tl|flickr-inline}} * {{tl|flickr-inline2}} * {{tl|Instagram}} * [[Wikipedia:TWITTER]] <includeonly>{{#ifeq:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|sandbox | | <!--Categories below this line, please; interwikis at Wikidata--> {{DEFAULTSORT:Twitter}} [[Category:Social media external link templates]] }}</includeonly> 7h0cmabv097uysaayytaw7pkv05vx13 696673 696672 2016-05-18T15:12:16Z Pigsonthewing 6277 + 696673 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!--Categories where indicated at the bottom of this page, please; interwikis at Wikidata (see [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]])--> {{warning|The [[Wikipedia:External links|external links guideline]] recommends [[WP:ELNO|avoiding links to Twitter]]. Only include links to social media if it is not easily linked from another link included in the article (i.e. if the individual's homepage is linked and ''that'' has a prominent link to a Twitter feed, delete the Twitter link here) '''and''' when the Twitter link provides the reader with significant unique content. Wikipedia is [[WP:NOTDIR|not a comprehensive directory of a subject's web presence]]. Only link to [[WP:ELOFFICIAL|official accounts]] "controlled by the subject (organization or individual person) of the Wikipedia article". Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]] or linked by other subject-controlled sources; or marked "Verified" by Twitter.}} This template generates an external link to an account at [[Twitter]]. {{See also|Wikipedia:External links/Perennial websites}} Multiple hoax and "fan" accounts have been discovered; please make a particular effort to verify the authenticity of any official links. Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], such as newspaper stories, about the subject, or linked by other subject-controlled sources. == Usage == One parameter: : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | ''ID'' }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= ''ID'' }}</code> Two parameters: : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | ''ID'' | ''NAME'' }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= ''ID'' | name= ''NAME'' }}</code> == Examples == ===Without parameters=== Used without parameters, this template will call data from [[Wikidata]], if available. If none is available, the category [[:Category:Twitter template with no id set]] will be applied. : <code><nowiki>{{Twitter}}</nowiki></code> ===One parameter=== This parameter will be the ID string used in the [[URL]] at Twitter. When one parameter is used, the [[link text]] is the title of the Wikipedia article where the template is used. : URL: <code><nowiki>https://</nowiki>twitter.com/{{hilite|{{BASEPAGENAME}}}}</code> # <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | {{BASEPAGENAME}} }}</code> #: {{{{BASEPAGENAME}} | {{BASEPAGENAME}} }} # <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= {{BASEPAGENAME}} }}</code> #: {{{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= {{BASEPAGENAME}} }} Since "Twitter" is the name of the Wikipedia page you now are looking at, the link above shows "Twitter on Twitter" for the Wikipedia page. The lead name will change according to the name of the Wikipedia page used on. ===Two parameters=== The first parameter will be the ID string used in the [[URL]] at Twitter. The second parameter will be used at the [[link text]]. : URL: <code><nowiki>https://</nowiki>twitter.com/{{hilite|AcadiaU}}</code> # <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | AcadiaU | Acadia University }}</code> #: {{{{BASEPAGENAME}} | AcadiaU | Acadia University }} # <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= AcadiaU | name= Acadia University }}</code> #: {{{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= AcadiaU | name= Acadia University }} == Template data == {{TemplateDataHeader}} <templatedata> { "description": "This template generates an external link to an account at Twitter.", "params": { "id": { "label": "ID", "description": "ID string used in the URL.", "type": "string", "required": true, "aliases": [ "1" ] }, "name": { "label": "Name", "description": "Name displayed as the link text. If not specified it defaults to the article's {{PAGENAME}}, without disambiguation.", "type": "string", "required": false, "aliases": [ "2" ] } } } </templatedata> == See also == * {{tl|Twitter status}} * {{tl|Pinterest}} * {{tl|Tumblr}} * {{tl|flickr-inline}} * {{tl|flickr-inline2}} * {{tl|Instagram}} * [[Wikipedia:TWITTER]] <includeonly>{{#ifeq:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|sandbox | | <!--Categories below this line, please; interwikis at Wikidata--> {{DEFAULTSORT:Twitter}} [[Category:Social media external link templates]] }}</includeonly> 4zbl0cyla6zpk1csxouuthanm8za1qs 696674 696673 2016-05-18T15:14:21Z Pigsonthewing 6277 P2002 696674 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage {{Uses Wikidata|P2002}} <!--Categories where indicated at the bottom of this page, please; interwikis at Wikidata (see [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]])--> {{warning|The [[Wikipedia:External links|external links guideline]] recommends [[WP:ELNO|avoiding links to Twitter]]. Only include links to social media if it is not easily linked from another link included in the article (i.e. if the individual's homepage is linked and ''that'' has a prominent link to a Twitter feed, delete the Twitter link here) '''and''' when the Twitter link provides the reader with significant unique content. Wikipedia is [[WP:NOTDIR|not a comprehensive directory of a subject's web presence]]. Only link to [[WP:ELOFFICIAL|official accounts]] "controlled by the subject (organization or individual person) of the Wikipedia article". Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]] or linked by other subject-controlled sources; or marked "Verified" by Twitter.}} This template generates an external link to an account at [[Twitter]]. {{See also|Wikipedia:External links/Perennial websites}} Multiple hoax and "fan" accounts have been discovered; please make a particular effort to verify the authenticity of any official links. Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], such as newspaper stories, about the subject, or linked by other subject-controlled sources. == Usage == One parameter: : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | ''ID'' }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= ''ID'' }}</code> Two parameters: : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | ''ID'' | ''NAME'' }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= ''ID'' | name= ''NAME'' }}</code> == Examples == ===Without parameters=== Used without parameters, this template will call data from [[Wikidata]], if available. If none is available, the category [[:Category:Twitter template with no id set]] will be applied. : <code><nowiki>{{Twitter}}</nowiki></code> ===One parameter=== This parameter will be the ID string used in the [[URL]] at Twitter. When one parameter is used, the [[link text]] is the title of the Wikipedia article where the template is used. : URL: <code><nowiki>https://</nowiki>twitter.com/{{hilite|{{BASEPAGENAME}}}}</code> # <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | {{BASEPAGENAME}} }}</code> #: {{{{BASEPAGENAME}} | {{BASEPAGENAME}} }} # <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= {{BASEPAGENAME}} }}</code> #: {{{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= {{BASEPAGENAME}} }} Since "Twitter" is the name of the Wikipedia page you now are looking at, the link above shows "Twitter on Twitter" for the Wikipedia page. The lead name will change according to the name of the Wikipedia page used on. ===Two parameters=== The first parameter will be the ID string used in the [[URL]] at Twitter. The second parameter will be used at the [[link text]]. : URL: <code><nowiki>https://</nowiki>twitter.com/{{hilite|AcadiaU}}</code> # <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | AcadiaU | Acadia University }}</code> #: {{{{BASEPAGENAME}} | AcadiaU | Acadia University }} # <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= AcadiaU | name= Acadia University }}</code> #: {{{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= AcadiaU | name= Acadia University }} == Template data == {{TemplateDataHeader}} <templatedata> { "description": "This template generates an external link to an account at Twitter.", "params": { "id": { "label": "ID", "description": "ID string used in the URL.", "type": "string", "required": true, "aliases": [ "1" ] }, "name": { "label": "Name", "description": "Name displayed as the link text. If not specified it defaults to the article's {{PAGENAME}}, without disambiguation.", "type": "string", "required": false, "aliases": [ "2" ] } } } </templatedata> == See also == * {{tl|Twitter status}} * {{tl|Pinterest}} * {{tl|Tumblr}} * {{tl|flickr-inline}} * {{tl|flickr-inline2}} * {{tl|Instagram}} * [[Wikipedia:TWITTER]] <includeonly>{{#ifeq:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|sandbox | | <!--Categories below this line, please; interwikis at Wikidata--> {{DEFAULTSORT:Twitter}} [[Category:Social media external link templates]] }}</includeonly> pxz62fmk24fhin8trzk9xgmzwmhnyjz 696675 696674 2016-06-18T17:51:36Z Zyxw 14644 add closing brackets on {{Documentation subpage}}, add usage of Wikidata property, update parameter descriptions in TemplateData, add category 696675 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} {{Uses Wikidata|P2002}} <!--Categories where indicated at the bottom of this page, please; interwikis at Wikidata (see [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]])--> {{warning|The [[Wikipedia:External links|external links guideline]] recommends [[WP:ELNO|avoiding links to Twitter]]. Only include links to social media if it is not easily linked from another link included in the article (i.e. if the individual's homepage is linked and ''that'' has a prominent link to a Twitter feed, delete the Twitter link here) '''and''' when the Twitter link provides the reader with significant unique content. Wikipedia is [[WP:NOTDIR|not a comprehensive directory of a subject's web presence]]. Only link to [[WP:ELOFFICIAL|official accounts]] "controlled by the subject (organization or individual person) of the Wikipedia article". Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]] or linked by other subject-controlled sources; or marked "Verified" by Twitter.}} This template generates an external link to an account at [[Twitter]]. {{See also|Wikipedia:External links/Perennial websites}} Multiple hoax and "fan" accounts have been discovered; please make a particular effort to verify the authenticity of any official links. Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], such as newspaper stories, about the subject, or linked by other subject-controlled sources. == Usage == One parameter: : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | ''ID'' }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= ''ID'' }}</code> Two parameters: : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | ''ID'' | ''NAME'' }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= ''ID'' | name= ''NAME'' }}</code> Using [[Wikidata]] property [[d:Property:P2002|P2002]]: : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | name= ''NAME'' }}</code> == Examples == ===Without parameters=== Used without parameters, this template will call data from [[Wikidata]], if available. If none is available, the category [[:Category:Twitter template with no id set]] will be applied. : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code> ===One parameter=== This parameter will be the ID string used in the [[URL]] at Twitter. When one parameter is used, the [[link text]] is the title of the Wikipedia article where the template is used. : URL: <code><nowiki>https://</nowiki>twitter.com/{{hilite|{{BASEPAGENAME}}}}</code> # <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | {{BASEPAGENAME}} }}</code> #: {{{{BASEPAGENAME}} | {{BASEPAGENAME}} }} # <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= {{BASEPAGENAME}} }}</code> #: {{{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= {{BASEPAGENAME}} }} Since "Twitter" is the name of the Wikipedia page you now are looking at, the link above shows "Twitter on Twitter" for the Wikipedia page. The lead name will change according to the name of the Wikipedia page used on. ===Two parameters=== The first parameter will be the ID string used in the [[URL]] at Twitter. The second parameter will be used at the [[link text]]. : URL: <code><nowiki>https://</nowiki>twitter.com/{{hilite|AcadiaU}}</code> # <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | AcadiaU | Acadia University }}</code> #: {{{{BASEPAGENAME}} | AcadiaU | Acadia University }} # <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= AcadiaU | name= Acadia University }}</code> #: {{{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= AcadiaU | name= Acadia University }} == Template data == {{TemplateDataHeader}} <templatedata> { "description": "This template generates an external link to an account at Twitter.", "params": { "id": { "label": "ID", "aliases": [ "1" ], "description": "The \"id\" parameter (or unnamed parameter \"1\") should contain the ID portion the URL for the Twitter page. Example: AcadiaU is the ID portion of https://twitter.com/AcadiaU. This parameter is optional if Wikidata property P2002 exists, but required if not.", "default": "Wikidata property P2002", "type": "string", "required": true }, "name": { "label": "Name", "aliases": [ "2" ], "description": "The \"name\" parameter (or unnamed parameter \"2\") may be used to specify the link text. This parameter is optional; it defaults to the Wikipedia article name, without disambiguation.", "default": "{{PAGENAMEBASE}}", "type": "string", "required": false } } } </templatedata> == Tracking categories == * [[:Category:Twitter template with no id set]] == See also == * {{tl|Twitter status}} * {{tl|Pinterest}} * {{tl|Tumblr}} * {{tl|flickr-inline}} * {{tl|flickr-inline2}} * {{tl|Instagram}} * [[Wikipedia:TWITTER]] <includeonly>{{#ifeq:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|sandbox | | <!--Categories below this line, please; interwikis at Wikidata--> [[Category:Social media external link templates]] [[Category:People and person external link templates]] }}</includeonly> cvjtbyi1uaxz6b7oeu944ge7d2c875z 696676 696675 2016-06-18T17:52:01Z Zyxw 14644 add category 696676 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} {{Uses Wikidata|P2002}} <!--Categories where indicated at the bottom of this page, please; interwikis at Wikidata (see [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]])--> {{warning|The [[Wikipedia:External links|external links guideline]] recommends [[WP:ELNO|avoiding links to Twitter]]. Only include links to social media if it is not easily linked from another link included in the article (i.e. if the individual's homepage is linked and ''that'' has a prominent link to a Twitter feed, delete the Twitter link here) '''and''' when the Twitter link provides the reader with significant unique content. Wikipedia is [[WP:NOTDIR|not a comprehensive directory of a subject's web presence]]. Only link to [[WP:ELOFFICIAL|official accounts]] "controlled by the subject (organization or individual person) of the Wikipedia article". Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]] or linked by other subject-controlled sources; or marked "Verified" by Twitter.}} This template generates an external link to an account at [[Twitter]]. {{See also|Wikipedia:External links/Perennial websites}} Multiple hoax and "fan" accounts have been discovered; please make a particular effort to verify the authenticity of any official links. Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], such as newspaper stories, about the subject, or linked by other subject-controlled sources. == Usage == One parameter: : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | ''ID'' }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= ''ID'' }}</code> Two parameters: : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | ''ID'' | ''NAME'' }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= ''ID'' | name= ''NAME'' }}</code> Using [[Wikidata]] property [[d:Property:P2002|P2002]]: : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | name= ''NAME'' }}</code> == Examples == ===Without parameters=== Used without parameters, this template will call data from [[Wikidata]], if available. If none is available, the category [[:Category:Twitter template with no id set]] will be applied. : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code> ===One parameter=== This parameter will be the ID string used in the [[URL]] at Twitter. When one parameter is used, the [[link text]] is the title of the Wikipedia article where the template is used. : URL: <code><nowiki>https://</nowiki>twitter.com/{{hilite|{{BASEPAGENAME}}}}</code> # <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | {{BASEPAGENAME}} }}</code> #: {{{{BASEPAGENAME}} | {{BASEPAGENAME}} }} # <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= {{BASEPAGENAME}} }}</code> #: {{{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= {{BASEPAGENAME}} }} Since "Twitter" is the name of the Wikipedia page you now are looking at, the link above shows "Twitter on Twitter" for the Wikipedia page. The lead name will change according to the name of the Wikipedia page used on. ===Two parameters=== The first parameter will be the ID string used in the [[URL]] at Twitter. The second parameter will be used at the [[link text]]. : URL: <code><nowiki>https://</nowiki>twitter.com/{{hilite|AcadiaU}}</code> # <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | AcadiaU | Acadia University }}</code> #: {{{{BASEPAGENAME}} | AcadiaU | Acadia University }} # <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= AcadiaU | name= Acadia University }}</code> #: {{{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= AcadiaU | name= Acadia University }} == Template data == {{TemplateDataHeader}} <templatedata> { "description": "This template generates an external link to an account at Twitter.", "params": { "id": { "label": "ID", "aliases": [ "1" ], "description": "The \"id\" parameter (or unnamed parameter \"1\") should contain the ID portion the URL for the Twitter page. Example: AcadiaU is the ID portion of https://twitter.com/AcadiaU. This parameter is optional if Wikidata property P2002 exists, but required if not.", "default": "Wikidata property P2002", "type": "string", "required": true }, "name": { "label": "Name", "aliases": [ "2" ], "description": "The \"name\" parameter (or unnamed parameter \"2\") may be used to specify the link text. This parameter is optional; it defaults to the Wikipedia article name, without disambiguation.", "default": "{{PAGENAMEBASE}}", "type": "string", "required": false } } } </templatedata> == Tracking categories == * [[:Category:Twitter template with no id set]] == See also == * {{tl|Twitter status}} * {{tl|Pinterest}} * {{tl|Tumblr}} * {{tl|flickr-inline}} * {{tl|flickr-inline2}} * {{tl|Instagram}} * [[Wikipedia:TWITTER]] <includeonly>{{#ifeq:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|sandbox | | <!--Categories below this line, please; interwikis at Wikidata--> [[Category:Social media external link templates]] [[Category:People and person external link templates]] [[Category:Templates that add a tracking category]] }}</includeonly> 57ud949wdokaq98xc7m32l4ydx65q0t 696677 696676 2016-08-19T20:39:52Z OwenBlacker 12119 Typo 696677 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} {{Uses Wikidata|P2002}} <!--Categories where indicated at the bottom of this page, please; interwikis at Wikidata (see [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]])--> {{warning|The [[Wikipedia:External links|external links guideline]] recommends [[WP:ELNO|avoiding links to Twitter]]. Only include links to social media if it is not easily linked from another link included in the article (i.e. if the individual's homepage is linked and ''that'' has a prominent link to a Twitter feed, delete the Twitter link here) '''and''' when the Twitter link provides the reader with significant unique content. Wikipedia is [[WP:NOTDIR|not a comprehensive directory of a subject's web presence]]. Only link to [[WP:ELOFFICIAL|official accounts]] "controlled by the subject (organization or individual person) of the Wikipedia article". Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]] or linked by other subject-controlled sources; or marked "Verified" by Twitter.}} This template generates an external link to an account at [[Twitter]]. {{See also|Wikipedia:External links/Perennial websites}} Multiple hoax and "fan" accounts have been discovered; please make a particular effort to verify the authenticity of any official links. Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], such as newspaper stories, about the subject, or linked by other subject-controlled sources. == Usage == One parameter: : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | ''ID'' }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= ''ID'' }}</code> Two parameters: : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | ''ID'' | ''NAME'' }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= ''ID'' | name= ''NAME'' }}</code> Using [[Wikidata]] property [[d:Property:P2002|P2002]]: : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | name= ''NAME'' }}</code> == Examples == ===Without parameters=== Used without parameters, this template will call data from [[Wikidata]], if available. If none is available, the category [[:Category:Twitter template with no id set]] will be applied. : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code> ===One parameter=== This parameter will be the ID string used in the [[URL]] at Twitter. When one parameter is used, the [[link text]] is the title of the Wikipedia article where the template is used. : URL: <code><nowiki>https://</nowiki>twitter.com/{{hilite|{{BASEPAGENAME}}}}</code> # <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | {{BASEPAGENAME}} }}</code> #: {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | {{BASEPAGENAME}} }} # <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= {{BASEPAGENAME}} }}</code> #: {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= {{BASEPAGENAME}} }} Since "Twitter" is the name of the Wikipedia page you now are looking at, the link above shows "Twitter on Twitter" for the Wikipedia page. The lead name will change according to the name of the Wikipedia page used on. ===Two parameters=== The first parameter will be the ID string used in the [[URL]] at Twitter. The second parameter will be used as the [[link text]]. : URL: <code><nowiki>https://</nowiki>twitter.com/{{hilite|AcadiaU}}</code> # <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | AcadiaU | Acadia University }}</code> #: {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | AcadiaU | Acadia University }} # <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= AcadiaU | name= Acadia University }}</code> #: {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= AcadiaU | name= Acadia University }} == Template data == {{TemplateDataHeader}} <templatedata> { "description": "This template generates an external link to an account at Twitter.", "params": { "id": { "label": "ID", "aliases": [ "1" ], "description": "The \"id\" parameter (or unnamed parameter \"1\") should contain the ID portion the URL for the Twitter page. Example: AcadiaU is the ID portion of https://twitter.com/AcadiaU. This parameter is optional if Wikidata property P2002 exists, but required if not.", "default": "Wikidata property P2002", "type": "string", "required": true }, "name": { "label": "Name", "aliases": [ "2" ], "description": "The \"name\" parameter (or unnamed parameter \"2\") may be used to specify the link text. This parameter is optional; it defaults to the Wikipedia article name, without disambiguation.", "default": "{{PAGENAMEBASE}}", "type": "string", "required": false } } } </templatedata> == Tracking categories == * [[:Category:Twitter template with no id set]] == See also == * {{tl|Twitter status}} * {{tl|Pinterest}} * {{tl|Tumblr}} * {{tl|flickr-inline}} * {{tl|flickr-inline2}} * {{tl|Instagram}} * [[Wikipedia:TWITTER]] <includeonly>{{#ifeq:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|sandbox | | <!--Categories below this line, please; interwikis at Wikidata--> [[Category:Social media external link templates]] [[Category:People and person external link templates]] [[Category:Templates that add a tracking category]] }}</includeonly> msf9umgwh47c3wd4oyxwxoe6dcehxhf 696678 696677 2016-10-03T17:09:34Z X96lee15 46997 removed deleted template 696678 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} {{Uses Wikidata|P2002}} <!--Categories where indicated at the bottom of this page, please; interwikis at Wikidata (see [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]])--> {{warning|The [[Wikipedia:External links|external links guideline]] recommends [[WP:ELNO|avoiding links to Twitter]]. Only include links to social media if it is not easily linked from another link included in the article (i.e. if the individual's homepage is linked and ''that'' has a prominent link to a Twitter feed, delete the Twitter link here) '''and''' when the Twitter link provides the reader with significant unique content. Wikipedia is [[WP:NOTDIR|not a comprehensive directory of a subject's web presence]]. Only link to [[WP:ELOFFICIAL|official accounts]] "controlled by the subject (organization or individual person) of the Wikipedia article". Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]] or linked by other subject-controlled sources; or marked "Verified" by Twitter.}} This template generates an external link to an account at [[Twitter]]. {{See also|Wikipedia:External links/Perennial websites}} Multiple hoax and "fan" accounts have been discovered; please make a particular effort to verify the authenticity of any official links. Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], such as newspaper stories, about the subject, or linked by other subject-controlled sources. ==Usage== One parameter: : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | ''ID'' }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= ''ID'' }}</code> Two parameters: : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | ''ID'' | ''NAME'' }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= ''ID'' | name= ''NAME'' }}</code> Using [[Wikidata]] property [[d:Property:P2002|P2002]]: : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | name= ''NAME'' }}</code> ==Examples== ===Without parameters=== Used without parameters, this template will call data from [[Wikidata]], if available. If none is available, the category [[:Category:Twitter template with no id set]] will be applied. : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code> ===One parameter=== This parameter will be the ID string used in the [[URL]] at Twitter. When one parameter is used, the [[link text]] is the title of the Wikipedia article where the template is used. : URL: <code><nowiki>https://</nowiki>twitter.com/{{hilite|{{BASEPAGENAME}}}}</code> # <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | {{BASEPAGENAME}} }}</code> #: {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | {{BASEPAGENAME}} }} # <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= {{BASEPAGENAME}} }}</code> #: {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= {{BASEPAGENAME}} }} Since "Twitter" is the name of the Wikipedia page you now are looking at, the link above shows "Twitter on Twitter" for the Wikipedia page. The lead name will change according to the name of the Wikipedia page used on. ===Two parameters=== The first parameter will be the ID string used in the [[URL]] at Twitter. The second parameter will be used as the [[link text]]. : URL: <code><nowiki>https://</nowiki>twitter.com/{{hilite|AcadiaU}}</code> # <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | AcadiaU | Acadia University }}</code> #: {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | AcadiaU | Acadia University }} # <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= AcadiaU | name= Acadia University }}</code> #: {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= AcadiaU | name= Acadia University }} ==Template data== {{TemplateDataHeader}} <templatedata> { "description": "This template generates an external link to an account at Twitter.", "params": { "id": { "label": "ID", "aliases": [ "1" ], "description": "The \"id\" parameter (or unnamed parameter \"1\") should contain the ID portion the URL for the Twitter page. Example: AcadiaU is the ID portion of https://twitter.com/AcadiaU. This parameter is optional if Wikidata property P2002 exists, but required if not.", "default": "Wikidata property P2002", "type": "string", "required": true }, "name": { "label": "Name", "aliases": [ "2" ], "description": "The \"name\" parameter (or unnamed parameter \"2\") may be used to specify the link text. This parameter is optional; it defaults to the Wikipedia article name, without disambiguation.", "default": "{{PAGENAMEBASE}}", "type": "string", "required": false } } } </templatedata> ==Tracking categories== * [[:Category:Twitter template with no id set]] ==See also== * {{tl|Pinterest}} * {{tl|Tumblr}} * {{tl|flickr-inline}} * {{tl|flickr-inline2}} * {{tl|Instagram}} * [[Wikipedia:TWITTER]] <includeonly>{{#ifeq:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|sandbox | | <!--Categories below this line, please; interwikis at Wikidata--> [[Category:Social media external link templates]] [[Category:People and person external link templates]] [[Category:Templates that add a tracking category]] }}</includeonly> 6etqltjgx50eiofefbr8i7zxewsqjho 696679 696678 2016-10-20T11:12:33Z Zyxw 14644 add links to tracking categories 696679 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- Please place categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata (see [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]]) --> {{Uses Wikidata|P2002}} {{Tracks Wikidata|P2002}} {{warning|The [[Wikipedia:External links|external links guideline]] recommends [[WP:ELNO|avoiding links to Twitter]]. Only include links to social media if it is not easily linked from another link included in the article (i.e. if the individual's homepage is linked and ''that'' has a prominent link to a Twitter feed, delete the Twitter link here) '''and''' when the Twitter link provides the reader with significant unique content. Wikipedia is [[WP:NOTDIR|not a comprehensive directory of a subject's web presence]]. Only link to [[WP:ELOFFICIAL|official accounts]] "controlled by the subject (organization or individual person) of the Wikipedia article". Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]] or linked by other subject-controlled sources; or marked "Verified" by Twitter.}} This template generates an external link to an account at [[Twitter]]. {{See also|Wikipedia:External links/Perennial websites}} Multiple hoax and "fan" accounts have been discovered; please make a particular effort to verify the authenticity of any official links. Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], such as newspaper stories, about the subject, or linked by other subject-controlled sources. ==Usage== One parameter: : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | ''ID'' }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= ''ID'' }}</code> Two parameters: : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | ''ID'' | ''NAME'' }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= ''ID'' | name= ''NAME'' }}</code> Using [[Wikidata]] property [[d:Property:P2002|P2002]]: : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | name= ''NAME'' }}</code> ==Examples== ===Without parameters=== Used without parameters, this template will call data from [[Wikidata]], if available. If none is available, the category [[:Category:Twitter template with no id set]] will be applied. : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code> ===One parameter=== This parameter will be the ID string used in the [[URL]] at Twitter. When one parameter is used, the [[link text]] is the title of the Wikipedia article where the template is used. : URL: <code><nowiki>https://</nowiki>twitter.com/{{hilite|{{BASEPAGENAME}}}}</code> # <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | {{BASEPAGENAME}} }}</code> #: {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | {{BASEPAGENAME}} }} # <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= {{BASEPAGENAME}} }}</code> #: {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= {{BASEPAGENAME}} }} Since "Twitter" is the name of the Wikipedia page you now are looking at, the link above shows "Twitter on Twitter" for the Wikipedia page. The lead name will change according to the name of the Wikipedia page used on. ===Two parameters=== The first parameter will be the ID string used in the [[URL]] at Twitter. The second parameter will be used as the [[link text]]. : URL: <code><nowiki>https://</nowiki>twitter.com/{{hilite|AcadiaU}}</code> # <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | AcadiaU | Acadia University }}</code> #: {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | AcadiaU | Acadia University }} # <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= AcadiaU | name= Acadia University }}</code> #: {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= AcadiaU | name= Acadia University }} ==Template data== {{TemplateDataHeader}} <templatedata> { "description": "This template generates an external link to an account at Twitter.", "params": { "id": { "label": "ID", "aliases": [ "1" ], "description": "The \"id\" parameter (or unnamed parameter \"1\") should contain the ID portion the URL for the Twitter page. Example: AcadiaU is the ID portion of https://twitter.com/AcadiaU. This parameter is optional if Wikidata property P2002 exists, but required if not.", "default": "Wikidata property P2002", "type": "string", "required": true }, "name": { "label": "Name", "aliases": [ "2" ], "description": "The \"name\" parameter (or unnamed parameter \"2\") may be used to specify the link text. This parameter is optional; it defaults to the Wikipedia article name, without disambiguation.", "default": "{{PAGENAMEBASE}}", "type": "string", "required": false } } } </templatedata> ==Tracking categories== * [[:Category:Twitter username not in Wikidata]] ({{PAGESINCAT:Twitter username not in Wikidata}} pages) * [[:Category:Twitter username different from Wikidata]] ({{PAGESINCAT:Twitter username different from Wikidata}} pages) * [[:Category:Twitter username same as Wikidata]] ({{PAGESINCAT:Twitter username same as Wikidata}} pages) * [[:Category:Twitter template with no id set]] ({{PAGESINCAT:Twitter template with no id set}} pages) ==See also== * {{tl|Pinterest}} * {{tl|Tumblr}} * {{tl|flickr-inline}} * {{tl|flickr-inline2}} * {{tl|Instagram}} * [[Wikipedia:TWITTER]] <includeonly>{{#ifeq:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|sandbox | | <!--Categories below this line, please; interwikis at Wikidata--> [[Category:Social media external link templates]] [[Category:People and person external link templates]] [[Category:Templates that add a tracking category]] }}</includeonly> iu7o3p42ruwivoq72afrpbfyxvxi8uj 696680 696679 2016-11-22T09:00:40Z Zyxw 14644 update category links using [[Project:AWB|AWB]] 696680 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- Please place categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata (see [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]]) --> {{Uses Wikidata|P2002}} {{Tracks Wikidata|P2002}} {{warning|The [[Wikipedia:External links|external links guideline]] recommends [[WP:ELNO|avoiding links to Twitter]]. Only include links to social media if it is not easily linked from another link included in the article (i.e. if the individual's homepage is linked and ''that'' has a prominent link to a Twitter feed, delete the Twitter link here) '''and''' when the Twitter link provides the reader with significant unique content. Wikipedia is [[WP:NOTDIR|not a comprehensive directory of a subject's web presence]]. Only link to [[WP:ELOFFICIAL|official accounts]] "controlled by the subject (organization or individual person) of the Wikipedia article". Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]] or linked by other subject-controlled sources; or marked "Verified" by Twitter.}} This template generates an external link to an account at [[Twitter]]. {{See also|Wikipedia:External links/Perennial websites}} Multiple hoax and "fan" accounts have been discovered; please make a particular effort to verify the authenticity of any official links. Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], such as newspaper stories, about the subject, or linked by other subject-controlled sources. ==Usage== One parameter: : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | ''ID'' }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= ''ID'' }}</code> Two parameters: : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | ''ID'' | ''NAME'' }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= ''ID'' | name= ''NAME'' }}</code> Using [[Wikidata]] property [[d:Property:P2002|P2002]]: : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | name= ''NAME'' }}</code> ==Examples== ===Without parameters=== Used without parameters, this template will call data from [[Wikidata]], if available. If none is available, the category [[:Category:Twitter template with no id set]] will be applied. : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code> ===One parameter=== This parameter will be the ID string used in the [[URL]] at Twitter. When one parameter is used, the [[link text]] is the title of the Wikipedia article where the template is used. : URL: <code><nowiki>https://</nowiki>twitter.com/{{hilite|{{BASEPAGENAME}}}}</code> # <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | {{BASEPAGENAME}} }}</code> #: {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | {{BASEPAGENAME}} }} # <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= {{BASEPAGENAME}} }}</code> #: {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= {{BASEPAGENAME}} }} Since "Twitter" is the name of the Wikipedia page you now are looking at, the link above shows "Twitter on Twitter" for the Wikipedia page. The lead name will change according to the name of the Wikipedia page used on. ===Two parameters=== The first parameter will be the ID string used in the [[URL]] at Twitter. The second parameter will be used as the [[link text]]. : URL: <code><nowiki>https://</nowiki>twitter.com/{{hilite|AcadiaU}}</code> # <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | AcadiaU | Acadia University }}</code> #: {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | AcadiaU | Acadia University }} # <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= AcadiaU | name= Acadia University }}</code> #: {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= AcadiaU | name= Acadia University }} ==Template data== {{TemplateDataHeader}} <templatedata> { "description": "This template generates an external link to an account at Twitter.", "params": { "id": { "label": "ID", "aliases": [ "1" ], "description": "The \"id\" parameter (or unnamed parameter \"1\") should contain the ID portion the URL for the Twitter page. Example: AcadiaU is the ID portion of https://twitter.com/AcadiaU. This parameter is optional if Wikidata property P2002 exists, but required if not.", "default": "Wikidata property P2002", "type": "string", "required": true }, "name": { "label": "Name", "aliases": [ "2" ], "description": "The \"name\" parameter (or unnamed parameter \"2\") may be used to specify the link text. This parameter is optional; it defaults to the Wikipedia article name, without disambiguation.", "default": "{{PAGENAMEBASE}}", "type": "string", "required": false } } } </templatedata> ==Tracking categories== * {{clc|Twitter username not in Wikidata}} * {{clc|Twitter username different from Wikidata}} * {{clc|Twitter username same as Wikidata}} * {{clc|Twitter template with no id set}} ==See also== * {{tl|Pinterest}} * {{tl|Tumblr}} * {{tl|flickr-inline}} * {{tl|flickr-inline2}} * {{tl|Instagram}} * [[Wikipedia:TWITTER]] <includeonly>{{#ifeq:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|sandbox | | <!--Categories below this line, please; interwikis at Wikidata--> [[Category:Social media external link templates]] [[Category:People and person external link templates]] [[Category:Templates that add a tracking category]] }}</includeonly> l8e59lpv1wfbchs93xcvv9ww1jhdyew 696681 696680 2016-12-11T13:01:26Z Zyxw 14644 update link 696681 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- Please place categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata (see [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]]) --> {{Uses Wikidata|P2002}} {{Tracks Wikidata|P2002}} {{warning|The [[Wikipedia:External links|external links guideline]] recommends [[WP:ELNO|avoiding links to Twitter]]. Only include links to social media if it is not easily linked from another link included in the article (i.e. if the individual's homepage is linked and ''that'' has a prominent link to a Twitter feed, delete the Twitter link here) '''and''' when the Twitter link provides the reader with significant unique content. Wikipedia is [[WP:NOTDIR|not a comprehensive directory of a subject's web presence]]. Only link to [[WP:ELOFFICIAL|official accounts]] "controlled by the subject (organization or individual person) of the Wikipedia article". Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]] or linked by other subject-controlled sources; or marked "Verified" by Twitter.}} This template generates an external link to an account at [[Twitter]]. {{See also|Wikipedia:External links/Perennial websites}} Multiple hoax and "fan" accounts have been discovered; please make a particular effort to verify the authenticity of any official links. Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], such as newspaper stories, about the subject, or linked by other subject-controlled sources. ==Usage== One parameter: : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | ''ID'' }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= ''ID'' }}</code> Two parameters: : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | ''ID'' | ''NAME'' }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= ''ID'' | name= ''NAME'' }}</code> Using [[Wikidata]] property [[d:Property:P2002|P2002]]: : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | name= ''NAME'' }}</code> ==Examples== ===Without parameters=== Used without parameters, this template will call data from [[Wikidata]], if available. If none is available, the category [[:Category:Twitter template with no id set]] will be applied. : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code> ===One parameter=== This parameter will be the ID string used in the [[URL]] at Twitter. When one parameter is used, the [[link text]] is the title of the Wikipedia article where the template is used. : URL: <code><nowiki>https://</nowiki>twitter.com/{{hilite|{{BASEPAGENAME}}}}</code> # <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | {{BASEPAGENAME}} }}</code> #: {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | {{BASEPAGENAME}} }} # <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= {{BASEPAGENAME}} }}</code> #: {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= {{BASEPAGENAME}} }} Since "Twitter" is the name of the Wikipedia page you now are looking at, the link above shows "Twitter on Twitter" for the Wikipedia page. The lead name will change according to the name of the Wikipedia page used on. ===Two parameters=== The first parameter will be the ID string used in the [[URL]] at Twitter. The second parameter will be used as the [[link text]]. : URL: <code><nowiki>https://</nowiki>twitter.com/{{hilite|AcadiaU}}</code> # <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | AcadiaU | Acadia University }}</code> #: {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | AcadiaU | Acadia University }} # <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= AcadiaU | name= Acadia University }}</code> #: {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= AcadiaU | name= Acadia University }} ==Template data== {{TemplateDataHeader}} <templatedata> { "description": "This template generates an external link to an account at Twitter.", "params": { "id": { "label": "ID", "aliases": [ "1" ], "description": "The \"id\" parameter (or unnamed parameter \"1\") should contain the ID portion the URL for the Twitter page. Example: AcadiaU is the ID portion of https://twitter.com/AcadiaU. This parameter is optional if Wikidata property P2002 exists, but required if not.", "default": "Wikidata property P2002", "type": "string", "required": true }, "name": { "label": "Name", "aliases": [ "2" ], "description": "The \"name\" parameter (or unnamed parameter \"2\") may be used to specify the link text. This parameter is optional; it defaults to the Wikipedia article name, without disambiguation.", "default": "{{PAGENAMEBASE}}", "type": "string", "required": false } } } </templatedata> ==Tracking categories== * {{clc|Twitter username not in Wikidata}} * {{clc|Twitter username different from Wikidata}} * {{clc|Twitter username same as Wikidata}} * {{clc|Twitter template missing ID}} ==See also== * {{tl|Pinterest}} * {{tl|Tumblr}} * {{tl|flickr-inline}} * {{tl|flickr-inline2}} * {{tl|Instagram}} * [[Wikipedia:TWITTER]] <includeonly>{{#ifeq:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|sandbox | | <!--Categories below this line, please; interwikis at Wikidata--> [[Category:Social media external link templates]] [[Category:People and person external link templates]] [[Category:Templates that add a tracking category]] }}</includeonly> ttij9rdg8x8jcujbv2b42499ajrdn2i 696682 696681 2016-12-12T04:26:11Z Zyxw 14644 update examples 696682 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- Please place categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata (see [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]]) --> {{Warning|The [[Wikipedia:External links|external links guideline]] recommends [[WP:ELNO|avoiding links to Twitter]]. Only include links to social media if it is not easily linked from another link included in the article (i.e. if the individual's homepage is linked and ''that'' has a prominent link to a Twitter feed, delete the Twitter link here) '''and''' when the Twitter link provides the reader with significant unique content. Wikipedia is [[WP:NOTDIR|not a comprehensive directory of a subject's web presence]]. Only link to [[WP:ELOFFICIAL|official accounts]] "controlled by the subject (organization or individual person) of the Wikipedia article". Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]] or linked by other subject-controlled sources; or marked "Verified" by Twitter.}} {{Uses Wikidata|P2002}} {{Tracks Wikidata|P2002}} {{See also|Wikipedia:External links/Perennial websites}} This template generates an external link to an account at [[Twitter]]. Multiple hoax and "fan" accounts have been discovered; please make a particular effort to verify the authenticity of any official links. Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], such as newspaper stories, about the subject, or linked by other subject-controlled sources. ==Usage== One parameter: : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | ''ID'' }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= ''ID'' }}</code> Two parameters: : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | ''ID'' | ''NAME'' }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= ''ID'' | name= ''NAME'' }}</code> Using [[Wikidata]] property [[d:Property:P2002|P2002]]: : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | name= ''NAME'' }}</code> ==Examples== ===One parameter=== This parameter will be the ID string used in the [[URL]] at Twitter. When one parameter is used, the [[link text]] is the title of the Wikipedia article where the template is used. ''URL:'' : <code><nowiki>https://</nowiki>twitter.com/{{hilite|Twitter}}</code> ''Usage:'' : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | Twitter }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= Twitter }}</code> ''Output:'' : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | Twitter }} : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= Twitter }} Since "Twitter" is the name of the Wikipedia page you now are looking at, the link above appears as "Twitter on Twitter" on this Wikipedia page. The lead name will change according to the name of the Wikipedia page. ===Two parameters=== The first parameter will be the ID string used in the [[URL]] at Twitter. The second parameter will be used as the [[link text]]. ''URL:'' : <code><nowiki>https://</nowiki>twitter.com/{{hilite|AcadiaU}}</code> ''Usage:'' : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | AcadiaU | Acadia University }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= AcadiaU | name= Acadia University }}</code> ''Output:'' : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | AcadiaU | Acadia University }} : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= AcadiaU | name= Acadia University }} ===No parameters=== Used without parameters, this template will call data from [[Wikidata]], if available. If none is available, the category [[:Category:Twitter template missing ID]] will be applied and an error message will be displayed. ''Usage:'' : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code> ''Output:'' : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} }} ==Template data== {{TemplateDataHeader}} <templatedata> { "description": "This template generates an external link to an account at Twitter.", "params": { "id": { "label": "ID", "aliases": [ "1" ], "description": "The \"id\" parameter (or unnamed parameter \"1\") should contain the ID portion the URL. Example: AcadiaU is the ID portion of https://twitter.com/AcadiaU. This parameter is optional if Wikidata property P2002 exists, but required if not.", "default": "Wikidata property P2002", "type": "string", "required": true }, "name": { "label": "Name", "aliases": [ "2" ], "description": "The \"name\" parameter (or unnamed parameter \"2\") may be used to specify the link text. This parameter is optional; it defaults to the Wikipedia article name, without disambiguation.", "default": "{{PAGENAMEBASE}}", "type": "string", "required": false } } } </templatedata> ==Tracking categories== * {{clc|Twitter username not in Wikidata}} * {{clc|Twitter username different from Wikidata}} * {{clc|Twitter username same as Wikidata}} * {{clc|Twitter template missing ID}} ==See also== * {{tl|Pinterest}} * {{tl|Tumblr}} * {{tl|flickr-inline}} * {{tl|flickr-inline2}} * {{tl|Instagram}} * [[Wikipedia:TWITTER]] <includeonly>{{#ifeq:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|sandbox | | <!--Categories below this line, please; interwikis at Wikidata--> [[Category:Social media external link templates]] [[Category:People and person external link templates]] [[Category:Templates that add a tracking category]] }}</includeonly> 1f31t4kv6bewwands85xwyf597u3nzf 696683 696682 2016-12-21T10:16:25Z Beetstra 1936 expand on when to use it .. if at all 696683 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- Please place categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata (see [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]]) --> {{Warning|The [[Wikipedia:External links|external links guideline]] recommends [[WP:ELNO|avoiding links to Twitter]]. Only include links to social media if the subject is particularly known for using that social medium, '''and''' when the link provides the reader with significant unique content, '''and''' it is not easily linked from another link included in the article (i.e. if the individual's homepage is linked and ''that'' has a prominent link to a Twitter feed, delete the Twitter link here, see [[WP:ELMINOFFICIAL]]). Wikipedia is [[WP:NOTDIR|not a comprehensive directory of a subject's web presence]]. Only link to [[WP:ELOFFICIAL|official accounts]] "controlled by the subject (organization or individual person) of the Wikipedia article". Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]] or linked by other subject-controlled sources; or marked "Verified" by Twitter.}} {{Uses Wikidata|P2002}} {{Tracks Wikidata|P2002}} {{See also|Wikipedia:External links/Perennial websites}} This template generates an external link to an account at [[Twitter]]. Multiple hoax and "fan" accounts have been discovered; please make a particular effort to verify the authenticity of any official links. Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], such as newspaper stories, about the subject, or linked by other subject-controlled sources. ==Usage== One parameter: : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | ''ID'' }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= ''ID'' }}</code> Two parameters: : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | ''ID'' | ''NAME'' }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= ''ID'' | name= ''NAME'' }}</code> Using [[Wikidata]] property [[d:Property:P2002|P2002]]: : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | name= ''NAME'' }}</code> ==Examples== ===One parameter=== This parameter will be the ID string used in the [[URL]] at Twitter. When one parameter is used, the [[link text]] is the title of the Wikipedia article where the template is used. ''URL:'' : <code><nowiki>https://</nowiki>twitter.com/{{hilite|Twitter}}</code> ''Usage:'' : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | Twitter }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= Twitter }}</code> ''Output:'' : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | Twitter }} : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= Twitter }} Since "Twitter" is the name of the Wikipedia page you now are looking at, the link above appears as "Twitter on Twitter" on this Wikipedia page. The lead name will change according to the name of the Wikipedia page. ===Two parameters=== The first parameter will be the ID string used in the [[URL]] at Twitter. The second parameter will be used as the [[link text]]. ''URL:'' : <code><nowiki>https://</nowiki>twitter.com/{{hilite|AcadiaU}}</code> ''Usage:'' : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | AcadiaU | Acadia University }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= AcadiaU | name= Acadia University }}</code> ''Output:'' : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | AcadiaU | Acadia University }} : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= AcadiaU | name= Acadia University }} ===No parameters=== Used without parameters, this template will call data from [[Wikidata]], if available. If none is available, the category [[:Category:Twitter template missing ID]] will be applied and an error message will be displayed. ''Usage:'' : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code> ''Output:'' : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} }} ==Template data== {{TemplateDataHeader}} <templatedata> { "description": "This template generates an external link to an account at Twitter.", "params": { "id": { "label": "ID", "aliases": [ "1" ], "description": "The \"id\" parameter (or unnamed parameter \"1\") should contain the ID portion the URL. Example: AcadiaU is the ID portion of https://twitter.com/AcadiaU. This parameter is optional if Wikidata property P2002 exists, but required if not.", "default": "Wikidata property P2002", "type": "string", "required": true }, "name": { "label": "Name", "aliases": [ "2" ], "description": "The \"name\" parameter (or unnamed parameter \"2\") may be used to specify the link text. This parameter is optional; it defaults to the Wikipedia article name, without disambiguation.", "default": "{{PAGENAMEBASE}}", "type": "string", "required": false } } } </templatedata> ==Tracking categories== * {{clc|Twitter username not in Wikidata}} * {{clc|Twitter username different from Wikidata}} * {{clc|Twitter username same as Wikidata}} * {{clc|Twitter template missing ID}} ==See also== * {{tl|Pinterest}} * {{tl|Tumblr}} * {{tl|flickr-inline}} * {{tl|flickr-inline2}} * {{tl|Instagram}} * [[Wikipedia:TWITTER]] <includeonly>{{#ifeq:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|sandbox | | <!--Categories below this line, please; interwikis at Wikidata--> [[Category:Social media external link templates]] [[Category:People and person external link templates]] [[Category:Templates that add a tracking category]] }}</includeonly> iumtutrbzp4vansmmhr5230p99rhrlp 696684 696683 2017-03-05T19:11:30Z Zyxw 14644 [[Help:Cat-a-lot|Cat-a-lot]]: Adding [[Category:External link templates using Wikidata]] 696684 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- Please place categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata (see [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]]) --> {{Warning|The [[Wikipedia:External links|external links guideline]] recommends [[WP:ELNO|avoiding links to Twitter]]. Only include links to social media if the subject is particularly known for using that social medium, '''and''' when the link provides the reader with significant unique content, '''and''' it is not easily linked from another link included in the article (i.e. if the individual's homepage is linked and ''that'' has a prominent link to a Twitter feed, delete the Twitter link here, see [[WP:ELMINOFFICIAL]]). Wikipedia is [[WP:NOTDIR|not a comprehensive directory of a subject's web presence]]. Only link to [[WP:ELOFFICIAL|official accounts]] "controlled by the subject (organization or individual person) of the Wikipedia article". Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]] or linked by other subject-controlled sources; or marked "Verified" by Twitter.}} {{Uses Wikidata|P2002}} {{Tracks Wikidata|P2002}} {{See also|Wikipedia:External links/Perennial websites}} This template generates an external link to an account at [[Twitter]]. Multiple hoax and "fan" accounts have been discovered; please make a particular effort to verify the authenticity of any official links. Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], such as newspaper stories, about the subject, or linked by other subject-controlled sources. ==Usage== One parameter: : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | ''ID'' }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= ''ID'' }}</code> Two parameters: : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | ''ID'' | ''NAME'' }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= ''ID'' | name= ''NAME'' }}</code> Using [[Wikidata]] property [[d:Property:P2002|P2002]]: : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | name= ''NAME'' }}</code> ==Examples== ===One parameter=== This parameter will be the ID string used in the [[URL]] at Twitter. When one parameter is used, the [[link text]] is the title of the Wikipedia article where the template is used. ''URL:'' : <code><nowiki>https://</nowiki>twitter.com/{{hilite|Twitter}}</code> ''Usage:'' : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | Twitter }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= Twitter }}</code> ''Output:'' : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | Twitter }} : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= Twitter }} Since "Twitter" is the name of the Wikipedia page you now are looking at, the link above appears as "Twitter on Twitter" on this Wikipedia page. The lead name will change according to the name of the Wikipedia page. ===Two parameters=== The first parameter will be the ID string used in the [[URL]] at Twitter. The second parameter will be used as the [[link text]]. ''URL:'' : <code><nowiki>https://</nowiki>twitter.com/{{hilite|AcadiaU}}</code> ''Usage:'' : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | AcadiaU | Acadia University }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= AcadiaU | name= Acadia University }}</code> ''Output:'' : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | AcadiaU | Acadia University }} : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= AcadiaU | name= Acadia University }} ===No parameters=== Used without parameters, this template will call data from [[Wikidata]], if available. If none is available, the category [[:Category:Twitter template missing ID]] will be applied and an error message will be displayed. ''Usage:'' : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code> ''Output:'' : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} }} ==Template data== {{TemplateDataHeader}} <templatedata> { "description": "This template generates an external link to an account at Twitter.", "params": { "id": { "label": "ID", "aliases": [ "1" ], "description": "The \"id\" parameter (or unnamed parameter \"1\") should contain the ID portion the URL. Example: AcadiaU is the ID portion of https://twitter.com/AcadiaU. This parameter is optional if Wikidata property P2002 exists, but required if not.", "default": "Wikidata property P2002", "type": "string", "required": true }, "name": { "label": "Name", "aliases": [ "2" ], "description": "The \"name\" parameter (or unnamed parameter \"2\") may be used to specify the link text. This parameter is optional; it defaults to the Wikipedia article name, without disambiguation.", "default": "{{PAGENAMEBASE}}", "type": "string", "required": false } } } </templatedata> ==Tracking categories== * {{clc|Twitter username not in Wikidata}} * {{clc|Twitter username different from Wikidata}} * {{clc|Twitter username same as Wikidata}} * {{clc|Twitter template missing ID}} ==See also== * {{tl|Pinterest}} * {{tl|Tumblr}} * {{tl|flickr-inline}} * {{tl|flickr-inline2}} * {{tl|Instagram}} * [[Wikipedia:TWITTER]] <includeonly>{{#ifeq:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|sandbox | | <!--Categories below this line, please; interwikis at Wikidata--> [[Category:Social media external link templates]] [[Category:People and person external link templates]] [[Category:Templates that add a tracking category]] }}</includeonly> [[Category:External link templates using Wikidata]] bqdmq7uvzrf2n6h386jza3rytkhu4kb 696685 696684 2017-03-05T20:25:59Z Zyxw 14644 fix placement of category to include template, not documentation (via JWB) 696685 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- Please place categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata (see [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]]) --> {{Warning|The [[Wikipedia:External links|external links guideline]] recommends [[WP:ELNO|avoiding links to Twitter]]. Only include links to social media if the subject is particularly known for using that social medium, '''and''' when the link provides the reader with significant unique content, '''and''' it is not easily linked from another link included in the article (i.e. if the individual's homepage is linked and ''that'' has a prominent link to a Twitter feed, delete the Twitter link here, see [[WP:ELMINOFFICIAL]]). Wikipedia is [[WP:NOTDIR|not a comprehensive directory of a subject's web presence]]. Only link to [[WP:ELOFFICIAL|official accounts]] "controlled by the subject (organization or individual person) of the Wikipedia article". Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]] or linked by other subject-controlled sources; or marked "Verified" by Twitter.}} {{Uses Wikidata|P2002}} {{Tracks Wikidata|P2002}} {{See also|Wikipedia:External links/Perennial websites}} This template generates an external link to an account at [[Twitter]]. Multiple hoax and "fan" accounts have been discovered; please make a particular effort to verify the authenticity of any official links. Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], such as newspaper stories, about the subject, or linked by other subject-controlled sources. ==Usage== One parameter: : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | ''ID'' }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= ''ID'' }}</code> Two parameters: : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | ''ID'' | ''NAME'' }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= ''ID'' | name= ''NAME'' }}</code> Using [[Wikidata]] property [[d:Property:P2002|P2002]]: : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | name= ''NAME'' }}</code> ==Examples== ===One parameter=== This parameter will be the ID string used in the [[URL]] at Twitter. When one parameter is used, the [[link text]] is the title of the Wikipedia article where the template is used. ''URL:'' : <code><nowiki>https://</nowiki>twitter.com/{{hilite|Twitter}}</code> ''Usage:'' : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | Twitter }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= Twitter }}</code> ''Output:'' : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | Twitter }} : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= Twitter }} Since "Twitter" is the name of the Wikipedia page you now are looking at, the link above appears as "Twitter on Twitter" on this Wikipedia page. The lead name will change according to the name of the Wikipedia page. ===Two parameters=== The first parameter will be the ID string used in the [[URL]] at Twitter. The second parameter will be used as the [[link text]]. ''URL:'' : <code><nowiki>https://</nowiki>twitter.com/{{hilite|AcadiaU}}</code> ''Usage:'' : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | AcadiaU | Acadia University }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= AcadiaU | name= Acadia University }}</code> ''Output:'' : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | AcadiaU | Acadia University }} : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= AcadiaU | name= Acadia University }} ===No parameters=== Used without parameters, this template will call data from [[Wikidata]], if available. If none is available, the category [[:Category:Twitter template missing ID]] will be applied and an error message will be displayed. ''Usage:'' : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code> ''Output:'' : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} }} ==Template data== {{TemplateDataHeader}} <templatedata> { "description": "This template generates an external link to an account at Twitter.", "params": { "id": { "label": "ID", "aliases": [ "1" ], "description": "The \"id\" parameter (or unnamed parameter \"1\") should contain the ID portion the URL. Example: AcadiaU is the ID portion of https://twitter.com/AcadiaU. This parameter is optional if Wikidata property P2002 exists, but required if not.", "default": "Wikidata property P2002", "type": "string", "required": true }, "name": { "label": "Name", "aliases": [ "2" ], "description": "The \"name\" parameter (or unnamed parameter \"2\") may be used to specify the link text. This parameter is optional; it defaults to the Wikipedia article name, without disambiguation.", "default": "{{PAGENAMEBASE}}", "type": "string", "required": false } } } </templatedata> ==Tracking categories== * {{clc|Twitter username not in Wikidata}} * {{clc|Twitter username different from Wikidata}} * {{clc|Twitter username same as Wikidata}} * {{clc|Twitter template missing ID}} ==See also== * {{tl|Pinterest}} * {{tl|Tumblr}} * {{tl|flickr-inline}} * {{tl|flickr-inline2}} * {{tl|Instagram}} * [[Wikipedia:TWITTER]] <includeonly>{{#ifeq:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|sandbox | | <!--Categories below this line, please; interwikis at Wikidata--> [[Category:Social media external link templates]] [[Category:People and person external link templates]] [[Category:External link templates using Wikidata]] [[Category:Templates that add a tracking category]] }}</includeonly> sfiewqhkuc483sg6adykkj2kenp6p54 696686 696685 2017-03-07T11:05:25Z Zyxw 14644 update TemplateData and add "paramOrder" 696686 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- Please place categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata (see [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]]) --> {{Warning|The [[Wikipedia:External links|external links guideline]] recommends [[WP:ELNO|avoiding links to Twitter]]. Only include links to social media if the subject is particularly known for using that social medium, '''and''' when the link provides the reader with significant unique content, '''and''' it is not easily linked from another link included in the article (i.e. if the individual's homepage is linked and ''that'' has a prominent link to a Twitter feed, delete the Twitter link here, see [[WP:ELMINOFFICIAL]]). Wikipedia is [[WP:NOTDIR|not a comprehensive directory of a subject's web presence]]. Only link to [[WP:ELOFFICIAL|official accounts]] "controlled by the subject (organization or individual person) of the Wikipedia article". Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]] or linked by other subject-controlled sources; or marked "Verified" by Twitter.}} {{Uses Wikidata|P2002}} {{Tracks Wikidata|P2002}} {{See also|Wikipedia:External links/Perennial websites}} This template generates an external link to an account at [[Twitter]]. Multiple hoax and "fan" accounts have been discovered; please make a particular effort to verify the authenticity of any official links. Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], such as newspaper stories, about the subject, or linked by other subject-controlled sources. ==Usage== One parameter: : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | ''ID'' }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= ''ID'' }}</code> Two parameters: : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | ''ID'' | ''NAME'' }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= ''ID'' | name= ''NAME'' }}</code> Using [[Wikidata]] property [[d:Property:P2002|P2002]]: : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | name= ''NAME'' }}</code> ==Examples== ===One parameter=== This parameter will be the ID string used in the [[URL]] at Twitter. When one parameter is used, the [[link text]] is the title of the Wikipedia article where the template is used. ''URL:'' : <code><nowiki>https://</nowiki>twitter.com/{{hilite|Twitter}}</code> ''Usage:'' : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | Twitter }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= Twitter }}</code> ''Output:'' : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | Twitter }} : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= Twitter }} Since "Twitter" is the name of the Wikipedia page you now are looking at, the link above appears as "Twitter on Twitter" on this Wikipedia page. The lead name will change according to the name of the Wikipedia page. ===Two parameters=== The first parameter will be the ID string used in the [[URL]] at Twitter. The second parameter will be used as the [[link text]]. ''URL:'' : <code><nowiki>https://</nowiki>twitter.com/{{hilite|AcadiaU}}</code> ''Usage:'' : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | AcadiaU | Acadia University }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= AcadiaU | name= Acadia University }}</code> ''Output:'' : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | AcadiaU | Acadia University }} : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= AcadiaU | name= Acadia University }} ===No parameters=== Used without parameters, this template will call data from [[Wikidata]], if available. If none is available, the category [[:Category:Twitter template missing ID]] will be applied and an error message will be displayed. ''Usage:'' : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code> ''Output:'' : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} }} == TemplateData == {{TemplateData header}} <templatedata> { "description": "This template generates an external link to an account at Twitter.", "params": { "id": { "label": "id", "aliases": [ "1" ], "description": "The \"id\" parameter (or unnamed parameter \"1\") should contain the ID portion of the URL. Example: AcadiaU is the ID portion of https://twitter.com/AcadiaU. This parameter is optional if Wikidata property P2002 exists, but required if not.", "default": "Wikidata property P2002", "type": "string", "required": false }, "name": { "label": "name", "aliases": [ "2" ], "description": "The \"name\" parameter (or unnamed parameter \"2\") may be used to specify the link text. This parameter is optional; it defaults to the Wikipedia article name, without disambiguation.", "default": "{{PAGENAMEBASE}}", "type": "string", "required": false } }, "paramOrder": [ "id", "name" ] } </templatedata> ==Tracking categories== * {{clc|Twitter username not in Wikidata}} * {{clc|Twitter username different from Wikidata}} * {{clc|Twitter username same as Wikidata}} * {{clc|Twitter template missing ID}} ==See also== * {{tl|Pinterest}} * {{tl|Tumblr}} * {{tl|flickr-inline}} * {{tl|flickr-inline2}} * {{tl|Instagram}} * [[Wikipedia:TWITTER]] <includeonly>{{#ifeq:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|sandbox | | <!--Categories below this line, please; interwikis at Wikidata--> [[Category:Social media external link templates]] [[Category:People and person external link templates]] [[Category:External link templates using Wikidata]] [[Category:Templates that add a tracking category]] }}</includeonly> 14amw1eifkr9cch77ioj1mr63e56q7o 696687 696686 2017-03-07T14:16:33Z Zyxw 14644 minor updates 696687 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- Please place categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata (see [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]]) --> {{Warning|The [[Wikipedia:External links|external links guideline]] recommends [[WP:ELNO|avoiding links to Twitter]]. Only include links to social media if the subject is particularly known for using that social medium, '''and''' when the link provides the reader with significant unique content, '''and''' it is not easily linked from another link included in the article (i.e. if the individual's homepage is linked and ''that'' has a prominent link to a Twitter feed, delete the Twitter link here, see [[WP:ELMINOFFICIAL]]). Wikipedia is [[WP:NOTDIR|not a comprehensive directory of a subject's web presence]]. Only link to [[WP:ELOFFICIAL|official accounts]] "controlled by the subject (organization or individual person) of the Wikipedia article". Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]] or linked by other subject-controlled sources; or marked "Verified" by Twitter.}} {{Uses Wikidata|P2002}} {{Tracks Wikidata|P2002}} {{See also|Wikipedia:External links/Perennial websites}} This template generates an external link to an account at [[Twitter]]. Multiple hoax and "fan" accounts have been discovered; please make a particular effort to verify the authenticity of any official links. Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], such as newspaper stories, about the subject, or linked by other subject-controlled sources. ==Usage== One parameter: : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | ''ID'' }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= ''ID'' }}</code> Two parameters: : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | ''ID'' | ''NAME'' }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= ''ID'' | name= ''NAME'' }}</code> Using [[Wikidata]] property [[d:Property:P2002|P2002]]: : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | name= ''NAME'' }}</code> ==Examples== ===One parameter=== This parameter will be the ID string used in the [[URL]] at Twitter. When one parameter is used, the [[link text]] is the title of the Wikipedia article where the template is used. ''URL:'' : <code><nowiki>https://</nowiki>twitter.com/{{hilite|Twitter}}</code> ''Usage:'' : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | Twitter }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= Twitter }}</code> ''Output:'' : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | Twitter }} : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= Twitter }} Since "Twitter" is the name of the Wikipedia page you now are looking at, the link above appears as "Twitter on Twitter" on this Wikipedia page. The lead name will change according to the name of the Wikipedia page. ===Two parameters=== The first parameter will be the ID string used in the [[URL]] at Twitter. The second parameter will be used as the [[link text]]. ''URL:'' : <code><nowiki>https://</nowiki>twitter.com/{{hilite|AcadiaU}}</code> ''Usage:'' : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | AcadiaU | Acadia University }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= AcadiaU | name= Acadia University }}</code> ''Output:'' : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | AcadiaU | Acadia University }} : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= AcadiaU | name= Acadia University }} ===No parameters=== When used without an "id" parameter, this template will call data from [[Wikidata]], if available. If none is available, the category [[:Category:Twitter template missing ID]] will be applied and an error message will be displayed. ''Usage:'' : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code> ''Output:'' : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} }} == TemplateData == {{TemplateData header}} <templatedata> { "description": "This template generates an external link to an account at Twitter.", "params": { "id": { "label": "id", "aliases": [ "1" ], "description": "The \"id\" parameter (or unnamed parameter \"1\") should contain the ID portion of the URL. Example: AcadiaU is the ID portion of https://twitter.com/AcadiaU. This parameter is optional if Wikidata property P2002 exists, but required if not.", "default": "Wikidata property P2002", "type": "string", "required": false }, "name": { "label": "name", "aliases": [ "2" ], "description": "The \"name\" parameter (or unnamed parameter \"2\") may be used to specify the link text. This parameter is optional; it defaults to the Wikipedia article name, without disambiguation.", "default": "{{PAGENAMEBASE}}", "type": "string", "required": false } }, "paramOrder": [ "id", "name" ] } </templatedata> ==Tracking categories== ; "id" parameter exists * {{clc|Twitter username not in Wikidata}} * {{clc|Twitter username different from Wikidata}} * {{clc|Twitter username same as Wikidata}} ; "id" parameter does not exist * {{clc|Twitter template missing ID}} ==See also== * {{tl|Pinterest}} * {{tl|Tumblr}} * {{tl|flickr-inline}} * {{tl|flickr-inline2}} * {{tl|Instagram}} * [[Wikipedia:TWITTER]] <includeonly>{{#ifeq:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|sandbox | | <!--Categories below this line, please; interwikis at Wikidata--> [[Category:Social media external link templates]] [[Category:People and person external link templates]] [[Category:External link templates using Wikidata]] [[Category:Templates that add a tracking category]] }}</includeonly> k5tkiyi9uho9oku6zo52dksfe00dknh 696688 696687 2018-01-25T02:01:43Z Geekdiva 47308 Redid the intro. More work needed. Will come back to clarify a few things. 696688 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- Please place categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata (see [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]]) --> {{Warning|The [[Wikipedia:External links|external links guideline]] recommends [[WP:ELNO|avoiding links to Twitter]]. Only include links to social media if the subject is particularly known for using that social medium, '''and''' when the link provides the reader with significant unique content, '''and''' it is not easily linked from another link included in the article (i.e. if the individual's homepage is linked and ''that'' has a prominent link to a Twitter feed, delete the Twitter link here, see [[WP:ELMINOFFICIAL]]). Wikipedia is [[WP:NOTDIR|not a comprehensive directory of a subject's web presence]]. Only link to [[WP:ELOFFICIAL|official accounts]] "controlled by the subject (organization or individual person) of the Wikipedia article". Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], linked to by other subject-controlled sources; or marked "Verified" by Twitter.}} {{Uses Wikidata|P2002}} {{Tracks Wikidata|P2002}} {{See also|Wikipedia:External links/Perennial websites}} This template generates an external link to an account at [[Twitter]]. It is designed to standardize the text and formatting of links to the legitimate Twitter account profiles of persons or organizations with sufficient [[Wikipedia:Notability|notability]] to be the subject of a Wikipedia article. However, adding a Twitter link is never mandatory and in certain cases should be discouraged. Note that ''very many'' fake Twitter accounts have been created as hoaxes, parodies, or attempts by fans to mimic a celebrity's style convincingly. Please make a detailed effort to verify the authenticity of any external links you wish to include. Legitimate Twitter accounts can be found through being named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], such as in newspaper stories about the subject, or linked to by other subject-controlled sources, such as the subject's legitimate website. A [[Twitter#Verified accounts|Verified Twitter account]] is one that Twitter itself has found to be legitimate. Twitter adds a blue verified badge next to the account's username on a profile and next to the account name in search results. Accounts that don’t have the badge next to their name but that display it somewhere else, for example in the profile photo, header photo, or bio, are not verified accounts. ==Usage summary== One parameter: : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | ''ID'' }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= ''ID'' }}</code> Two parameters: : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | ''ID'' | ''NAME'' }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= ''ID'' | name= ''NAME'' }}</code> Using the [[Wikidata]] property [[d:Property:P2002|P2002]]: : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | name= ''NAME'' }}</code> ==Explanations and examples== ===One parameter=== Fill this parameter with the ID string used in the [[URL]] for the user's account profile on Twitter. When one parameter is used, the [[link text]] is the title of the Wikipedia article where this template is used. ''URL:'' : <code><nowiki>https://</nowiki>twitter.com/{{hilite|Twitter}}</code> ''Usage:'' : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | Twitter }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= Twitter }}</code> ''Output:'' : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | Twitter }} : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= Twitter }} Since "Twitter" is the name of the Wikipedia page you now are looking at, the link above appears as "Twitter on Twitter" on this Wikipedia page. The lead name will change according to the name of the Wikipedia page. ===Two parameters=== The first parameter will be the ID string used in the [[URL]] at Twitter. The second parameter will be used as the [[link text]]. ''URL:'' : <code><nowiki>https://</nowiki>twitter.com/{{hilite|AcadiaU}}</code> ''Usage:'' : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | AcadiaU | Acadia University }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= AcadiaU | name= Acadia University }}</code> ''Output:'' : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | AcadiaU | Acadia University }} : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= AcadiaU | name= Acadia University }} ===No parameters=== When used without an "id" parameter, this template will call data from [[Wikidata]], if available. If none is available, the category [[:Category:Twitter template missing ID]] will be applied and an error message will be displayed. ''Usage:'' : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code> ''Output:'' : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} }} == TemplateData == {{TemplateData header}} <templatedata> { "description": "This template generates an external link to an account at Twitter.", "params": { "id": { "label": "id", "aliases": [ "1" ], "description": "The \"id\" parameter (or unnamed parameter \"1\") should contain the ID portion of the URL. Example: AcadiaU is the ID portion of https://twitter.com/AcadiaU. This parameter is optional if Wikidata property P2002 exists, but required if not.", "default": "Wikidata property P2002", "type": "string", "required": false }, "name": { "label": "name", "aliases": [ "2" ], "description": "The \"name\" parameter (or unnamed parameter \"2\") may be used to specify the link text. This parameter is optional; it defaults to the Wikipedia article name, without disambiguation.", "default": "{{PAGENAMEBASE}}", "type": "string", "required": false } }, "paramOrder": [ "id", "name" ] } </templatedata> ==Tracking categories== ; "id" parameter exists * {{clc|Twitter username not in Wikidata}} * {{clc|Twitter username different from Wikidata}} * {{clc|Twitter username same as Wikidata}} ; "id" parameter does not exist * {{clc|Twitter template missing ID}} ==See also== * {{tl|Pinterest}} * {{tl|Tumblr}} * {{tl|flickr-inline}} * {{tl|flickr-inline2}} * {{tl|Instagram}} * [[Wikipedia:TWITTER]] <includeonly>{{#ifeq:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|sandbox | | <!--Categories below this line, please; interwikis at Wikidata--> [[Category:Social media external link templates]] [[Category:People and person external link templates]] [[Category:External link templates using Wikidata]] [[Category:Templates that add a tracking category]] }}</includeonly> o4t7hwaovxdc1xm7jru8upt1ypi1ris 696689 696688 2018-09-14T03:37:18Z Audacity 28224 /* See also */ [[Template:Tweet]] 696689 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- Please place categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata (see [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]]) --> {{Warning|The [[Wikipedia:External links|external links guideline]] recommends [[WP:ELNO|avoiding links to Twitter]]. Only include links to social media if the subject is particularly known for using that social medium, '''and''' when the link provides the reader with significant unique content, '''and''' it is not easily linked from another link included in the article (i.e. if the individual's homepage is linked and ''that'' has a prominent link to a Twitter feed, delete the Twitter link here, see [[WP:ELMINOFFICIAL]]). Wikipedia is [[WP:NOTDIR|not a comprehensive directory of a subject's web presence]]. Only link to [[WP:ELOFFICIAL|official accounts]] "controlled by the subject (organization or individual person) of the Wikipedia article". Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], linked to by other subject-controlled sources; or marked "Verified" by Twitter.}} {{Uses Wikidata|P2002}} {{Tracks Wikidata|P2002}} {{See also|Wikipedia:External links/Perennial websites}} This template generates an external link to an account at [[Twitter]]. It is designed to standardize the text and formatting of links to the legitimate Twitter account profiles of persons or organizations with sufficient [[Wikipedia:Notability|notability]] to be the subject of a Wikipedia article. However, adding a Twitter link is never mandatory and in certain cases should be discouraged. Note that ''very many'' fake Twitter accounts have been created as hoaxes, parodies, or attempts by fans to mimic a celebrity's style convincingly. Please make a detailed effort to verify the authenticity of any external links you wish to include. Legitimate Twitter accounts can be found through being named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], such as in newspaper stories about the subject, or linked to by other subject-controlled sources, such as the subject's legitimate website. A [[Twitter#Verified accounts|Verified Twitter account]] is one that Twitter itself has found to be legitimate. Twitter adds a blue verified badge next to the account's username on a profile and next to the account name in search results. Accounts that don’t have the badge next to their name but that display it somewhere else, for example in the profile photo, header photo, or bio, are not verified accounts. ==Usage summary== One parameter: : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | ''ID'' }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= ''ID'' }}</code> Two parameters: : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | ''ID'' | ''NAME'' }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= ''ID'' | name= ''NAME'' }}</code> Using the [[Wikidata]] property [[d:Property:P2002|P2002]]: : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | name= ''NAME'' }}</code> ==Explanations and examples== ===One parameter=== Fill this parameter with the ID string used in the [[URL]] for the user's account profile on Twitter. When one parameter is used, the [[link text]] is the title of the Wikipedia article where this template is used. ''URL:'' : <code><nowiki>https://</nowiki>twitter.com/{{hilite|Twitter}}</code> ''Usage:'' : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | Twitter }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= Twitter }}</code> ''Output:'' : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | Twitter }} : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= Twitter }} Since "Twitter" is the name of the Wikipedia page you now are looking at, the link above appears as "Twitter on Twitter" on this Wikipedia page. The lead name will change according to the name of the Wikipedia page. ===Two parameters=== The first parameter will be the ID string used in the [[URL]] at Twitter. The second parameter will be used as the [[link text]]. ''URL:'' : <code><nowiki>https://</nowiki>twitter.com/{{hilite|AcadiaU}}</code> ''Usage:'' : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | AcadiaU | Acadia University }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= AcadiaU | name= Acadia University }}</code> ''Output:'' : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | AcadiaU | Acadia University }} : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= AcadiaU | name= Acadia University }} ===No parameters=== When used without an "id" parameter, this template will call data from [[Wikidata]], if available. If none is available, the category [[:Category:Twitter template missing ID]] will be applied and an error message will be displayed. ''Usage:'' : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code> ''Output:'' : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} }} == TemplateData == {{TemplateData header}} <templatedata> { "description": "This template generates an external link to an account at Twitter.", "params": { "id": { "label": "id", "aliases": [ "1" ], "description": "The \"id\" parameter (or unnamed parameter \"1\") should contain the ID portion of the URL. Example: AcadiaU is the ID portion of https://twitter.com/AcadiaU. This parameter is optional if Wikidata property P2002 exists, but required if not.", "default": "Wikidata property P2002", "type": "string", "required": false }, "name": { "label": "name", "aliases": [ "2" ], "description": "The \"name\" parameter (or unnamed parameter \"2\") may be used to specify the link text. This parameter is optional; it defaults to the Wikipedia article name, without disambiguation.", "default": "{{PAGENAMEBASE}}", "type": "string", "required": false } }, "paramOrder": [ "id", "name" ] } </templatedata> ==Tracking categories== ; "id" parameter exists * {{clc|Twitter username not in Wikidata}} * {{clc|Twitter username different from Wikidata}} * {{clc|Twitter username same as Wikidata}} ; "id" parameter does not exist * {{clc|Twitter template missing ID}} ==See also== * {{tl|Pinterest}} * {{tl|Tumblr}} * {{tl|flickr-inline}} * {{tl|flickr-inline2}} * {{tl|Instagram}} * {{tl|Tweet}} * [[Wikipedia:TWITTER]] <includeonly>{{#ifeq:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|sandbox | | <!--Categories below this line, please; interwikis at Wikidata--> [[Category:Social media external link templates]] [[Category:People and person external link templates]] [[Category:External link templates using Wikidata]] [[Category:Templates that add a tracking category]] }}</includeonly> dyj1o54iol6we7nbz790pjxsj6mluso 696690 696689 2019-01-11T07:30:52Z Zyxw 14644 note modules used 696690 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- Please place categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata (see [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]]) --> {{Warning|The [[Wikipedia:External links|external links guideline]] recommends [[WP:ELNO|avoiding links to Twitter]]. Only include links to social media if the subject is particularly known for using that social medium, '''and''' when the link provides the reader with significant unique content, '''and''' it is not easily linked from another link included in the article (i.e. if the individual's homepage is linked and ''that'' has a prominent link to a Twitter feed, delete the Twitter link here, see [[WP:ELMINOFFICIAL]]). Wikipedia is [[WP:NOTDIR|not a comprehensive directory of a subject's web presence]]. Only link to [[WP:ELOFFICIAL|official accounts]] "controlled by the subject (organization or individual person) of the Wikipedia article". Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], linked to by other subject-controlled sources; or marked "Verified" by Twitter.}} {{Uses Wikidata|P2002}} {{Tracks Wikidata|P2002}} {{Lua|Module:EditAtWikidata|Module:WikidataCheck}} {{See also|Wikipedia:External links/Perennial websites}} This template generates an external link to an account at [[Twitter]]. It is designed to standardize the text and formatting of links to the legitimate Twitter account profiles of persons or organizations with sufficient [[Wikipedia:Notability|notability]] to be the subject of a Wikipedia article. However, adding a Twitter link is never mandatory and in certain cases should be discouraged. Note that ''very many'' fake Twitter accounts have been created as hoaxes, parodies, or attempts by fans to mimic a celebrity's style convincingly. Please make a detailed effort to verify the authenticity of any external links you wish to include. Legitimate Twitter accounts can be found through being named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], such as in newspaper stories about the subject, or linked to by other subject-controlled sources, such as the subject's legitimate website. A [[Twitter#Verified accounts|Verified Twitter account]] is one that Twitter itself has found to be legitimate. Twitter adds a blue verified badge next to the account's username on a profile and next to the account name in search results. Accounts that don’t have the badge next to their name but that display it somewhere else, for example in the profile photo, header photo, or bio, are not verified accounts. ==Usage summary== One parameter: : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | ''ID'' }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= ''ID'' }}</code> Two parameters: : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | ''ID'' | ''NAME'' }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= ''ID'' | name= ''NAME'' }}</code> Using the [[Wikidata]] property [[d:Property:P2002|P2002]]: : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | name= ''NAME'' }}</code> ==Explanations and examples== ===One parameter=== Fill this parameter with the ID string used in the [[URL]] for the user's account profile on Twitter. When one parameter is used, the [[link text]] is the title of the Wikipedia article where this template is used. ''URL:'' : <code><nowiki>https://</nowiki>twitter.com/{{hilite|Twitter}}</code> ''Usage:'' : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | Twitter }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= Twitter }}</code> ''Output:'' : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | Twitter }} : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= Twitter }} Since "Twitter" is the name of the Wikipedia page you now are looking at, the link above appears as "Twitter on Twitter" on this Wikipedia page. The lead name will change according to the name of the Wikipedia page. ===Two parameters=== The first parameter will be the ID string used in the [[URL]] at Twitter. The second parameter will be used as the [[link text]]. ''URL:'' : <code><nowiki>https://</nowiki>twitter.com/{{hilite|AcadiaU}}</code> ''Usage:'' : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | AcadiaU | Acadia University }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= AcadiaU | name= Acadia University }}</code> ''Output:'' : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | AcadiaU | Acadia University }} : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= AcadiaU | name= Acadia University }} ===No parameters=== When used without an "id" parameter, this template will call data from [[Wikidata]], if available. If none is available, the category [[:Category:Twitter template missing ID]] will be applied and an error message will be displayed. ''Usage:'' : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code> ''Output:'' : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} }} == TemplateData == {{TemplateData header}} <templatedata> { "description": "This template generates an external link to an account at Twitter.", "params": { "id": { "label": "id", "aliases": [ "1" ], "description": "The \"id\" parameter (or unnamed parameter \"1\") should contain the ID portion of the URL. Example: AcadiaU is the ID portion of https://twitter.com/AcadiaU. This parameter is optional if Wikidata property P2002 exists, but required if not.", "default": "Wikidata property P2002", "type": "string", "required": false }, "name": { "label": "name", "aliases": [ "2" ], "description": "The \"name\" parameter (or unnamed parameter \"2\") may be used to specify the link text. This parameter is optional; it defaults to the Wikipedia article name, without disambiguation.", "default": "{{PAGENAMEBASE}}", "type": "string", "required": false } }, "paramOrder": [ "id", "name" ] } </templatedata> ==Tracking categories== ; "id" parameter exists * {{clc|Twitter username not in Wikidata}} * {{clc|Twitter username different from Wikidata}} * {{clc|Twitter username same as Wikidata}} ; "id" parameter does not exist * {{clc|Twitter template missing ID}} ==See also== * {{tl|Pinterest}} * {{tl|Tumblr}} * {{tl|flickr-inline}} * {{tl|flickr-inline2}} * {{tl|Instagram}} * {{tl|Tweet}} * [[Wikipedia:TWITTER]] <includeonly>{{#ifeq:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|sandbox | | <!--Categories below this line, please; interwikis at Wikidata--> [[Category:Social media external link templates]] [[Category:People and person external link templates]] [[Category:External link templates using Wikidata]] [[Category:Templates that add a tracking category]] }}</includeonly> bnt60mh3non7s30lf3on2v28k08pey2 696691 696690 2019-05-22T08:32:17Z Zyxw 14644 /* Tracking categories */ update list 696691 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- Please place categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata (see [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]]) --> {{Warning|The [[Wikipedia:External links|external links guideline]] recommends [[WP:ELNO|avoiding links to Twitter]]. Only include links to social media if the subject is particularly known for using that social medium, '''and''' when the link provides the reader with significant unique content, '''and''' it is not easily linked from another link included in the article (i.e. if the individual's homepage is linked and ''that'' has a prominent link to a Twitter feed, delete the Twitter link here, see [[WP:ELMINOFFICIAL]]). Wikipedia is [[WP:NOTDIR|not a comprehensive directory of a subject's web presence]]. Only link to [[WP:ELOFFICIAL|official accounts]] "controlled by the subject (organization or individual person) of the Wikipedia article". Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], linked to by other subject-controlled sources; or marked "Verified" by Twitter.}} {{Uses Wikidata|P2002}} {{Tracks Wikidata|P2002}} {{Lua|Module:EditAtWikidata|Module:WikidataCheck}} {{See also|Wikipedia:External links/Perennial websites}} This template generates an external link to an account at [[Twitter]]. It is designed to standardize the text and formatting of links to the legitimate Twitter account profiles of persons or organizations with sufficient [[Wikipedia:Notability|notability]] to be the subject of a Wikipedia article. However, adding a Twitter link is never mandatory and in certain cases should be discouraged. Note that ''very many'' fake Twitter accounts have been created as hoaxes, parodies, or attempts by fans to mimic a celebrity's style convincingly. Please make a detailed effort to verify the authenticity of any external links you wish to include. Legitimate Twitter accounts can be found through being named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], such as in newspaper stories about the subject, or linked to by other subject-controlled sources, such as the subject's legitimate website. A [[Twitter#Verified accounts|Verified Twitter account]] is one that Twitter itself has found to be legitimate. Twitter adds a blue verified badge next to the account's username on a profile and next to the account name in search results. Accounts that don’t have the badge next to their name but that display it somewhere else, for example in the profile photo, header photo, or bio, are not verified accounts. ==Usage summary== One parameter: : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | ''ID'' }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= ''ID'' }}</code> Two parameters: : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | ''ID'' | ''NAME'' }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= ''ID'' | name= ''NAME'' }}</code> Using the [[Wikidata]] property [[d:Property:P2002|P2002]]: : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | name= ''NAME'' }}</code> ==Explanations and examples== ===One parameter=== Fill this parameter with the ID string used in the [[URL]] for the user's account profile on Twitter. When one parameter is used, the [[link text]] is the title of the Wikipedia article where this template is used. ''URL:'' : <code><nowiki>https://</nowiki>twitter.com/{{hilite|Twitter}}</code> ''Usage:'' : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | Twitter }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= Twitter }}</code> ''Output:'' : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | Twitter }} : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= Twitter }} Since "Twitter" is the name of the Wikipedia page you now are looking at, the link above appears as "Twitter on Twitter" on this Wikipedia page. The lead name will change according to the name of the Wikipedia page. ===Two parameters=== The first parameter will be the ID string used in the [[URL]] at Twitter. The second parameter will be used as the [[link text]]. ''URL:'' : <code><nowiki>https://</nowiki>twitter.com/{{hilite|AcadiaU}}</code> ''Usage:'' : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | AcadiaU | Acadia University }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= AcadiaU | name= Acadia University }}</code> ''Output:'' : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | AcadiaU | Acadia University }} : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= AcadiaU | name= Acadia University }} ===No parameters=== When used without an "id" parameter, this template will call data from [[Wikidata]], if available. If none is available, the category [[:Category:Twitter template missing ID]] will be applied and an error message will be displayed. ''Usage:'' : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code> ''Output:'' : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} }} == TemplateData == {{TemplateData header}} <templatedata> { "description": "This template generates an external link to an account at Twitter.", "params": { "id": { "label": "id", "aliases": [ "1" ], "description": "The \"id\" parameter (or unnamed parameter \"1\") should contain the ID portion of the URL. Example: AcadiaU is the ID portion of https://twitter.com/AcadiaU. This parameter is optional if Wikidata property P2002 exists, but required if not.", "default": "Wikidata property P2002", "type": "string", "required": false }, "name": { "label": "name", "aliases": [ "2" ], "description": "The \"name\" parameter (or unnamed parameter \"2\") may be used to specify the link text. This parameter is optional; it defaults to the Wikipedia article name, without disambiguation.", "default": "{{PAGENAMEBASE}}", "type": "string", "required": false } }, "paramOrder": [ "id", "name" ] } </templatedata> ==Tracking categories== ; template with ID * {{clc|Twitter username different from Wikidata}} * {{clc|Twitter username not in Wikidata}} ; template missing ID * {{clc|Twitter template missing ID and not in Wikidata}} ==See also== * {{tl|Pinterest}} * {{tl|Tumblr}} * {{tl|flickr-inline}} * {{tl|flickr-inline2}} * {{tl|Instagram}} * {{tl|Tweet}} * [[Wikipedia:TWITTER]] <includeonly>{{#ifeq:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|sandbox | | <!--Categories below this line, please; interwikis at Wikidata--> [[Category:Social media external link templates]] [[Category:People and person external link templates]] [[Category:External link templates using Wikidata]] [[Category:Templates that add a tracking category]] }}</includeonly> o43m0fnaa60hmn875tqeh5lz725qpqw 696692 696691 2019-06-25T20:53:11Z MJL 11611 +hatnote to [[Template:Cite twitter]] 696692 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- Please place categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata (see [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]]) --> {{Warning|The [[Wikipedia:External links|external links guideline]] recommends [[WP:ELNO|avoiding links to Twitter]]. Only include links to social media if the subject is particularly known for using that social medium, '''and''' when the link provides the reader with significant unique content, '''and''' it is not easily linked from another link included in the article (i.e. if the individual's homepage is linked and ''that'' has a prominent link to a Twitter feed, delete the Twitter link here, see [[WP:ELMINOFFICIAL]]). Wikipedia is [[WP:NOTDIR|not a comprehensive directory of a subject's web presence]]. Only link to [[WP:ELOFFICIAL|official accounts]] "controlled by the subject (organization or individual person) of the Wikipedia article". Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], linked to by other subject-controlled sources; or marked "Verified" by Twitter.}} {{see also|Template:Cite twitter}} {{Uses Wikidata|P2002}} {{Tracks Wikidata|P2002}} {{Lua|Module:EditAtWikidata|Module:WikidataCheck}} {{See also|Wikipedia:External links/Perennial websites}} This template generates an external link to an account at [[Twitter]]. It is designed to standardize the text and formatting of links to the legitimate Twitter account profiles of persons or organizations with sufficient [[Wikipedia:Notability|notability]] to be the subject of a Wikipedia article. However, adding a Twitter link is never mandatory and in certain cases should be discouraged. Note that ''very many'' fake Twitter accounts have been created as hoaxes, parodies, or attempts by fans to mimic a celebrity's style convincingly. Please make a detailed effort to verify the authenticity of any external links you wish to include. Legitimate Twitter accounts can be found through being named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], such as in newspaper stories about the subject, or linked to by other subject-controlled sources, such as the subject's legitimate website. A [[Twitter#Verified accounts|Verified Twitter account]] is one that Twitter itself has found to be legitimate. Twitter adds a blue verified badge next to the account's username on a profile and next to the account name in search results. Accounts that don’t have the badge next to their name but that display it somewhere else, for example in the profile photo, header photo, or bio, are not verified accounts. ==Usage summary== One parameter: : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | ''ID'' }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= ''ID'' }}</code> Two parameters: : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | ''ID'' | ''NAME'' }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= ''ID'' | name= ''NAME'' }}</code> Using the [[Wikidata]] property [[d:Property:P2002|P2002]]: : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | name= ''NAME'' }}</code> ==Explanations and examples== ===One parameter=== Fill this parameter with the ID string used in the [[URL]] for the user's account profile on Twitter. When one parameter is used, the [[link text]] is the title of the Wikipedia article where this template is used. ''URL:'' : <code><nowiki>https://</nowiki>twitter.com/{{hilite|Twitter}}</code> ''Usage:'' : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | Twitter }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= Twitter }}</code> ''Output:'' : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | Twitter }} : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= Twitter }} Since "Twitter" is the name of the Wikipedia page you now are looking at, the link above appears as "Twitter on Twitter" on this Wikipedia page. The lead name will change according to the name of the Wikipedia page. ===Two parameters=== The first parameter will be the ID string used in the [[URL]] at Twitter. The second parameter will be used as the [[link text]]. ''URL:'' : <code><nowiki>https://</nowiki>twitter.com/{{hilite|AcadiaU}}</code> ''Usage:'' : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | AcadiaU | Acadia University }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= AcadiaU | name= Acadia University }}</code> ''Output:'' : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | AcadiaU | Acadia University }} : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= AcadiaU | name= Acadia University }} ===No parameters=== When used without an "id" parameter, this template will call data from [[Wikidata]], if available. If none is available, the category [[:Category:Twitter template missing ID]] will be applied and an error message will be displayed. ''Usage:'' : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code> ''Output:'' : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} }} == TemplateData == {{TemplateData header}} <templatedata> { "description": "This template generates an external link to an account at Twitter.", "params": { "id": { "label": "id", "aliases": [ "1" ], "description": "The \"id\" parameter (or unnamed parameter \"1\") should contain the ID portion of the URL. Example: AcadiaU is the ID portion of https://twitter.com/AcadiaU. This parameter is optional if Wikidata property P2002 exists, but required if not.", "default": "Wikidata property P2002", "type": "string", "required": false }, "name": { "label": "name", "aliases": [ "2" ], "description": "The \"name\" parameter (or unnamed parameter \"2\") may be used to specify the link text. This parameter is optional; it defaults to the Wikipedia article name, without disambiguation.", "default": "{{PAGENAMEBASE}}", "type": "string", "required": false } }, "paramOrder": [ "id", "name" ] } </templatedata> ==Tracking categories== ; template with ID * {{clc|Twitter username different from Wikidata}} * {{clc|Twitter username not in Wikidata}} ; template missing ID * {{clc|Twitter template missing ID and not in Wikidata}} ==See also== * {{tl|Pinterest}} * {{tl|Tumblr}} * {{tl|flickr-inline}} * {{tl|flickr-inline2}} * {{tl|Instagram}} * {{tl|Tweet}} * [[Wikipedia:TWITTER]] <includeonly>{{#ifeq:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|sandbox | | <!--Categories below this line, please; interwikis at Wikidata--> [[Category:Social media external link templates]] [[Category:People and person external link templates]] [[Category:External link templates using Wikidata]] [[Category:Templates that add a tracking category]] }}</includeonly> 0uwev3qai0p27yyy01u3oq64q0t7kvi 696693 696692 2020-04-27T03:32:25Z Vanisaac 27024 /* See also */clean up per [[WP:CAT#T]] and [[WP:AWBREQ]] add template:Sandbox other 696693 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- Please place categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata (see [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]]) --> {{Warning|The [[Wikipedia:External links|external links guideline]] recommends [[WP:ELNO|avoiding links to Twitter]]. Only include links to social media if the subject is particularly known for using that social medium, '''and''' when the link provides the reader with significant unique content, '''and''' it is not easily linked from another link included in the article (i.e. if the individual's homepage is linked and ''that'' has a prominent link to a Twitter feed, delete the Twitter link here, see [[WP:ELMINOFFICIAL]]). Wikipedia is [[WP:NOTDIR|not a comprehensive directory of a subject's web presence]]. Only link to [[WP:ELOFFICIAL|official accounts]] "controlled by the subject (organization or individual person) of the Wikipedia article". Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], linked to by other subject-controlled sources; or marked "Verified" by Twitter.}} {{see also|Template:Cite twitter}} {{Uses Wikidata|P2002}} {{Tracks Wikidata|P2002}} {{Lua|Module:EditAtWikidata|Module:WikidataCheck}} {{See also|Wikipedia:External links/Perennial websites}} This template generates an external link to an account at [[Twitter]]. It is designed to standardize the text and formatting of links to the legitimate Twitter account profiles of persons or organizations with sufficient [[Wikipedia:Notability|notability]] to be the subject of a Wikipedia article. However, adding a Twitter link is never mandatory and in certain cases should be discouraged. Note that ''very many'' fake Twitter accounts have been created as hoaxes, parodies, or attempts by fans to mimic a celebrity's style convincingly. Please make a detailed effort to verify the authenticity of any external links you wish to include. Legitimate Twitter accounts can be found through being named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], such as in newspaper stories about the subject, or linked to by other subject-controlled sources, such as the subject's legitimate website. A [[Twitter#Verified accounts|Verified Twitter account]] is one that Twitter itself has found to be legitimate. Twitter adds a blue verified badge next to the account's username on a profile and next to the account name in search results. Accounts that don’t have the badge next to their name but that display it somewhere else, for example in the profile photo, header photo, or bio, are not verified accounts. ==Usage summary== One parameter: : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | ''ID'' }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= ''ID'' }}</code> Two parameters: : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | ''ID'' | ''NAME'' }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= ''ID'' | name= ''NAME'' }}</code> Using the [[Wikidata]] property [[d:Property:P2002|P2002]]: : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | name= ''NAME'' }}</code> ==Explanations and examples== ===One parameter=== Fill this parameter with the ID string used in the [[URL]] for the user's account profile on Twitter. When one parameter is used, the [[link text]] is the title of the Wikipedia article where this template is used. ''URL:'' : <code><nowiki>https://</nowiki>twitter.com/{{hilite|Twitter}}</code> ''Usage:'' : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | Twitter }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= Twitter }}</code> ''Output:'' : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | Twitter }} : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= Twitter }} Since "Twitter" is the name of the Wikipedia page you now are looking at, the link above appears as "Twitter on Twitter" on this Wikipedia page. The lead name will change according to the name of the Wikipedia page. ===Two parameters=== The first parameter will be the ID string used in the [[URL]] at Twitter. The second parameter will be used as the [[link text]]. ''URL:'' : <code><nowiki>https://</nowiki>twitter.com/{{hilite|AcadiaU}}</code> ''Usage:'' : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | AcadiaU | Acadia University }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= AcadiaU | name= Acadia University }}</code> ''Output:'' : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | AcadiaU | Acadia University }} : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= AcadiaU | name= Acadia University }} ===No parameters=== When used without an "id" parameter, this template will call data from [[Wikidata]], if available. If none is available, the category [[:Category:Twitter template missing ID]] will be applied and an error message will be displayed. ''Usage:'' : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code> ''Output:'' : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} }} == TemplateData == {{TemplateData header}} <templatedata> { "description": "This template generates an external link to an account at Twitter.", "params": { "id": { "label": "id", "aliases": [ "1" ], "description": "The \"id\" parameter (or unnamed parameter \"1\") should contain the ID portion of the URL. Example: AcadiaU is the ID portion of https://twitter.com/AcadiaU. This parameter is optional if Wikidata property P2002 exists, but required if not.", "default": "Wikidata property P2002", "type": "string", "required": false }, "name": { "label": "name", "aliases": [ "2" ], "description": "The \"name\" parameter (or unnamed parameter \"2\") may be used to specify the link text. This parameter is optional; it defaults to the Wikipedia article name, without disambiguation.", "default": "{{PAGENAMEBASE}}", "type": "string", "required": false } }, "paramOrder": [ "id", "name" ] } </templatedata> ==Tracking categories== ; template with ID * {{clc|Twitter username different from Wikidata}} * {{clc|Twitter username not in Wikidata}} ; template missing ID * {{clc|Twitter template missing ID and not in Wikidata}} ==See also== * {{tl|Pinterest}} * {{tl|Tumblr}} * {{tl|flickr-inline}} * {{tl|flickr-inline2}} * {{tl|Instagram}} * {{tl|Tweet}} * [[Wikipedia:TWITTER]] <includeonly>{{Sandbox other|| <!--Categories below this line, please; interwikis at Wikidata--> [[Category:Social media external link templates]] [[Category:People and person external link templates]] [[Category:External link templates using Wikidata]] [[Category:Templates that add a tracking category]] }}</includeonly> c2v6s1jk001uj8qtbvw7r6ktmc4kg1z 696694 696693 2020-11-05T04:21:28Z Sdkb 12658 hat fixes 696694 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- Please place categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata (see [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]]) --> {{Warning|The [[Wikipedia:External links|external links guideline]] recommends [[WP:ELNO|avoiding links to Twitter]]. Only include links to social media if the subject is particularly known for using that social medium, '''and''' when the link provides the reader with significant unique content, '''and''' it is not easily linked from another link included in the article (i.e. if the individual's homepage is linked and ''that'' has a prominent link to a Twitter feed, delete the Twitter link here, see [[WP:ELMINOFFICIAL]]). Wikipedia is [[WP:NOTDIR|not a comprehensive directory of a subject's web presence]]. Only link to [[WP:ELOFFICIAL|official accounts]] "controlled by the subject (organization or individual person) of the Wikipedia article". Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], linked to by other subject-controlled sources; or marked "Verified" by Twitter.}} {{for|the template for embedding tweets in articles|Template:Tweet}} {{see also|Template:Cite twitter|Wikipedia:External links/Perennial websites}} {{Uses Wikidata|P2002}} {{Tracks Wikidata|P2002}} {{Lua|Module:EditAtWikidata|Module:WikidataCheck}} This template generates an external link to an account at [[Twitter]]. It is designed to standardize the text and formatting of links to the legitimate Twitter account profiles of persons or organizations with sufficient [[Wikipedia:Notability|notability]] to be the subject of a Wikipedia article. However, adding a Twitter link is never mandatory and in certain cases should be discouraged. Note that ''very many'' fake Twitter accounts have been created as hoaxes, parodies, or attempts by fans to mimic a celebrity's style convincingly. Please make a detailed effort to verify the authenticity of any external links you wish to include. Legitimate Twitter accounts can be found through being named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], such as in newspaper stories about the subject, or linked to by other subject-controlled sources, such as the subject's legitimate website. A [[Twitter#Verified accounts|Verified Twitter account]] is one that Twitter itself has found to be legitimate. Twitter adds a blue verified badge next to the account's username on a profile and next to the account name in search results. Accounts that don’t have the badge next to their name but that display it somewhere else, for example in the profile photo, header photo, or bio, are not verified accounts. ==Usage summary== One parameter: : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | ''ID'' }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= ''ID'' }}</code> Two parameters: : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | ''ID'' | ''NAME'' }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= ''ID'' | name= ''NAME'' }}</code> Using the [[Wikidata]] property [[d:Property:P2002|P2002]]: : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | name= ''NAME'' }}</code> ==Explanations and examples== ===One parameter=== Fill this parameter with the ID string used in the [[URL]] for the user's account profile on Twitter. When one parameter is used, the [[link text]] is the title of the Wikipedia article where this template is used. ''URL:'' : <code><nowiki>https://</nowiki>twitter.com/{{hilite|Twitter}}</code> ''Usage:'' : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | Twitter }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= Twitter }}</code> ''Output:'' : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | Twitter }} : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= Twitter }} Since "Twitter" is the name of the Wikipedia page you now are looking at, the link above appears as "Twitter on Twitter" on this Wikipedia page. The lead name will change according to the name of the Wikipedia page. ===Two parameters=== The first parameter will be the ID string used in the [[URL]] at Twitter. The second parameter will be used as the [[link text]]. ''URL:'' : <code><nowiki>https://</nowiki>twitter.com/{{hilite|AcadiaU}}</code> ''Usage:'' : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | AcadiaU | Acadia University }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= AcadiaU | name= Acadia University }}</code> ''Output:'' : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | AcadiaU | Acadia University }} : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= AcadiaU | name= Acadia University }} ===No parameters=== When used without an "id" parameter, this template will call data from [[Wikidata]], if available. If none is available, the category [[:Category:Twitter template missing ID]] will be applied and an error message will be displayed. ''Usage:'' : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code> ''Output:'' : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} }} == TemplateData == {{TemplateData header}} <templatedata> { "description": "This template generates an external link to an account at Twitter.", "params": { "id": { "label": "id", "aliases": [ "1" ], "description": "The \"id\" parameter (or unnamed parameter \"1\") should contain the ID portion of the URL. Example: AcadiaU is the ID portion of https://twitter.com/AcadiaU. This parameter is optional if Wikidata property P2002 exists, but required if not.", "default": "Wikidata property P2002", "type": "string", "required": false }, "name": { "label": "name", "aliases": [ "2" ], "description": "The \"name\" parameter (or unnamed parameter \"2\") may be used to specify the link text. This parameter is optional; it defaults to the Wikipedia article name, without disambiguation.", "default": "{{PAGENAMEBASE}}", "type": "string", "required": false } }, "paramOrder": [ "id", "name" ] } </templatedata> ==Tracking categories== ; template with ID * {{clc|Twitter username different from Wikidata}} * {{clc|Twitter username not in Wikidata}} ; template missing ID * {{clc|Twitter template missing ID and not in Wikidata}} ==See also== * {{tl|Pinterest}} * {{tl|Tumblr}} * {{tl|flickr-inline}} * {{tl|flickr-inline2}} * {{tl|Instagram}} * {{tl|Tweet}} * [[Wikipedia:TWITTER]] <includeonly>{{Sandbox other|| <!--Categories below this line, please; interwikis at Wikidata--> [[Category:Social media external link templates]] [[Category:People and person external link templates]] [[Category:External link templates using Wikidata]] [[Category:Templates that add a tracking category]] }}</includeonly> 3drwa33wtori3ydb68w41hn3pjkj51g 696695 696694 2021-03-14T03:45:09Z Anomalocaris 38224 avoid redirect 696695 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- Please place categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata (see [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]]) --> {{Warning|The [[Wikipedia:External links|external links guideline]] recommends [[WP:ELNO|avoiding links to Twitter]]. Only include links to social media if the subject is particularly known for using that social medium, '''and''' when the link provides the reader with significant unique content, '''and''' it is not easily linked from another link included in the article (i.e. if the individual's homepage is linked and ''that'' has a prominent link to a Twitter feed, delete the Twitter link here, see [[WP:ELMINOFFICIAL]]). Wikipedia is [[WP:NOTDIR|not a comprehensive directory of a subject's web presence]]. Only link to [[WP:ELOFFICIAL|official accounts]] "controlled by the subject (organization or individual person) of the Wikipedia article". Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], linked to by other subject-controlled sources; or marked "Verified" by Twitter.}} {{for|the template for embedding tweets in articles|Template:Tweet}} {{see also|Template:Cite tweet|Wikipedia:External links/Perennial websites}} {{Uses Wikidata|P2002}} {{Tracks Wikidata|P2002}} {{Lua|Module:EditAtWikidata|Module:WikidataCheck}} This template generates an external link to an account at [[Twitter]]. It is designed to standardize the text and formatting of links to the legitimate Twitter account profiles of persons or organizations with sufficient [[Wikipedia:Notability|notability]] to be the subject of a Wikipedia article. However, adding a Twitter link is never mandatory and in certain cases should be discouraged. Note that ''very many'' fake Twitter accounts have been created as hoaxes, parodies, or attempts by fans to mimic a celebrity's style convincingly. Please make a detailed effort to verify the authenticity of any external links you wish to include. Legitimate Twitter accounts can be found through being named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], such as in newspaper stories about the subject, or linked to by other subject-controlled sources, such as the subject's legitimate website. A [[Twitter#Verified accounts|Verified Twitter account]] is one that Twitter itself has found to be legitimate. Twitter adds a blue verified badge next to the account's username on a profile and next to the account name in search results. Accounts that don’t have the badge next to their name but that display it somewhere else, for example in the profile photo, header photo, or bio, are not verified accounts. ==Usage summary== One parameter: : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | ''ID'' }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= ''ID'' }}</code> Two parameters: : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | ''ID'' | ''NAME'' }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= ''ID'' | name= ''NAME'' }}</code> Using the [[Wikidata]] property [[d:Property:P2002|P2002]]: : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | name= ''NAME'' }}</code> ==Explanations and examples== ===One parameter=== Fill this parameter with the ID string used in the [[URL]] for the user's account profile on Twitter. When one parameter is used, the [[link text]] is the title of the Wikipedia article where this template is used. ''URL:'' : <code><nowiki>https://</nowiki>twitter.com/{{hilite|Twitter}}</code> ''Usage:'' : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | Twitter }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= Twitter }}</code> ''Output:'' : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | Twitter }} : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= Twitter }} Since "Twitter" is the name of the Wikipedia page you now are looking at, the link above appears as "Twitter on Twitter" on this Wikipedia page. The lead name will change according to the name of the Wikipedia page. ===Two parameters=== The first parameter will be the ID string used in the [[URL]] at Twitter. The second parameter will be used as the [[link text]]. ''URL:'' : <code><nowiki>https://</nowiki>twitter.com/{{hilite|AcadiaU}}</code> ''Usage:'' : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | AcadiaU | Acadia University }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= AcadiaU | name= Acadia University }}</code> ''Output:'' : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | AcadiaU | Acadia University }} : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= AcadiaU | name= Acadia University }} ===No parameters=== When used without an "id" parameter, this template will call data from [[Wikidata]], if available. If none is available, the category [[:Category:Twitter template missing ID]] will be applied and an error message will be displayed. ''Usage:'' : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code> ''Output:'' : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} }} == TemplateData == {{TemplateData header}} <templatedata> { "description": "This template generates an external link to an account at Twitter.", "params": { "id": { "label": "id", "aliases": [ "1" ], "description": "The \"id\" parameter (or unnamed parameter \"1\") should contain the ID portion of the URL. Example: AcadiaU is the ID portion of https://twitter.com/AcadiaU. This parameter is optional if Wikidata property P2002 exists, but required if not.", "default": "Wikidata property P2002", "type": "string", "required": false }, "name": { "label": "name", "aliases": [ "2" ], "description": "The \"name\" parameter (or unnamed parameter \"2\") may be used to specify the link text. This parameter is optional; it defaults to the Wikipedia article name, without disambiguation.", "default": "{{PAGENAMEBASE}}", "type": "string", "required": false } }, "paramOrder": [ "id", "name" ] } </templatedata> ==Tracking categories== ; template with ID * {{clc|Twitter username different from Wikidata}} * {{clc|Twitter username not in Wikidata}} ; template missing ID * {{clc|Twitter template missing ID and not in Wikidata}} ==See also== * {{tl|Pinterest}} * {{tl|Tumblr}} * {{tl|flickr-inline}} * {{tl|flickr-inline2}} * {{tl|Instagram}} * {{tl|Tweet}} * [[Wikipedia:TWITTER]] <includeonly>{{Sandbox other|| <!--Categories below this line, please; interwikis at Wikidata--> [[Category:Social media external link templates]] [[Category:People and person external link templates]] [[Category:External link templates using Wikidata]] [[Category:Templates that add a tracking category]] }}</includeonly> 3rrzgk9evuc8sfwklh0ok9fw1x1rhev 696696 696695 2021-03-14T03:45:51Z Anomalocaris 38224 straight apostrophe 696696 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- Please place categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata (see [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]]) --> {{Warning|The [[Wikipedia:External links|external links guideline]] recommends [[WP:ELNO|avoiding links to Twitter]]. Only include links to social media if the subject is particularly known for using that social medium, '''and''' when the link provides the reader with significant unique content, '''and''' it is not easily linked from another link included in the article (i.e. if the individual's homepage is linked and ''that'' has a prominent link to a Twitter feed, delete the Twitter link here, see [[WP:ELMINOFFICIAL]]). Wikipedia is [[WP:NOTDIR|not a comprehensive directory of a subject's web presence]]. Only link to [[WP:ELOFFICIAL|official accounts]] "controlled by the subject (organization or individual person) of the Wikipedia article". Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], linked to by other subject-controlled sources; or marked "Verified" by Twitter.}} {{for|the template for embedding tweets in articles|Template:Tweet}} {{see also|Template:Cite tweet|Wikipedia:External links/Perennial websites}} {{Uses Wikidata|P2002}} {{Tracks Wikidata|P2002}} {{Lua|Module:EditAtWikidata|Module:WikidataCheck}} This template generates an external link to an account at [[Twitter]]. It is designed to standardize the text and formatting of links to the legitimate Twitter account profiles of persons or organizations with sufficient [[Wikipedia:Notability|notability]] to be the subject of a Wikipedia article. However, adding a Twitter link is never mandatory and in certain cases should be discouraged. Note that ''very many'' fake Twitter accounts have been created as hoaxes, parodies, or attempts by fans to mimic a celebrity's style convincingly. Please make a detailed effort to verify the authenticity of any external links you wish to include. Legitimate Twitter accounts can be found through being named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], such as in newspaper stories about the subject, or linked to by other subject-controlled sources, such as the subject's legitimate website. A [[Twitter#Verified accounts|Verified Twitter account]] is one that Twitter itself has found to be legitimate. Twitter adds a blue verified badge next to the account's username on a profile and next to the account name in search results. Accounts that don't have the badge next to their name but that display it somewhere else, for example in the profile photo, header photo, or bio, are not verified accounts. ==Usage summary== One parameter: : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | ''ID'' }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= ''ID'' }}</code> Two parameters: : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | ''ID'' | ''NAME'' }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= ''ID'' | name= ''NAME'' }}</code> Using the [[Wikidata]] property [[d:Property:P2002|P2002]]: : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | name= ''NAME'' }}</code> ==Explanations and examples== ===One parameter=== Fill this parameter with the ID string used in the [[URL]] for the user's account profile on Twitter. When one parameter is used, the [[link text]] is the title of the Wikipedia article where this template is used. ''URL:'' : <code><nowiki>https://</nowiki>twitter.com/{{hilite|Twitter}}</code> ''Usage:'' : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | Twitter }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= Twitter }}</code> ''Output:'' : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | Twitter }} : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= Twitter }} Since "Twitter" is the name of the Wikipedia page you now are looking at, the link above appears as "Twitter on Twitter" on this Wikipedia page. The lead name will change according to the name of the Wikipedia page. ===Two parameters=== The first parameter will be the ID string used in the [[URL]] at Twitter. The second parameter will be used as the [[link text]]. ''URL:'' : <code><nowiki>https://</nowiki>twitter.com/{{hilite|AcadiaU}}</code> ''Usage:'' : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | AcadiaU | Acadia University }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= AcadiaU | name= Acadia University }}</code> ''Output:'' : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | AcadiaU | Acadia University }} : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= AcadiaU | name= Acadia University }} ===No parameters=== When used without an "id" parameter, this template will call data from [[Wikidata]], if available. If none is available, the category [[:Category:Twitter template missing ID]] will be applied and an error message will be displayed. ''Usage:'' : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code> ''Output:'' : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} }} == TemplateData == {{TemplateData header}} <templatedata> { "description": "This template generates an external link to an account at Twitter.", "params": { "id": { "label": "id", "aliases": [ "1" ], "description": "The \"id\" parameter (or unnamed parameter \"1\") should contain the ID portion of the URL. Example: AcadiaU is the ID portion of https://twitter.com/AcadiaU. This parameter is optional if Wikidata property P2002 exists, but required if not.", "default": "Wikidata property P2002", "type": "string", "required": false }, "name": { "label": "name", "aliases": [ "2" ], "description": "The \"name\" parameter (or unnamed parameter \"2\") may be used to specify the link text. This parameter is optional; it defaults to the Wikipedia article name, without disambiguation.", "default": "{{PAGENAMEBASE}}", "type": "string", "required": false } }, "paramOrder": [ "id", "name" ] } </templatedata> ==Tracking categories== ; template with ID * {{clc|Twitter username different from Wikidata}} * {{clc|Twitter username not in Wikidata}} ; template missing ID * {{clc|Twitter template missing ID and not in Wikidata}} ==See also== * {{tl|Pinterest}} * {{tl|Tumblr}} * {{tl|flickr-inline}} * {{tl|flickr-inline2}} * {{tl|Instagram}} * {{tl|Tweet}} * [[Wikipedia:TWITTER]] <includeonly>{{Sandbox other|| <!--Categories below this line, please; interwikis at Wikidata--> [[Category:Social media external link templates]] [[Category:People and person external link templates]] [[Category:External link templates using Wikidata]] [[Category:Templates that add a tracking category]] }}</includeonly> bznpt45lnsilx2jadis0kqg8h1mp9hx 696697 696696 2021-09-03T20:44:41Z Zyxw 14644 list redirects 696697 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- Please place categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata (see [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]]) --> {{Warning|The [[Wikipedia:External links|external links guideline]] recommends [[WP:ELNO|avoiding links to Twitter]]. Only include links to social media if the subject is particularly known for using that social medium, '''and''' when the link provides the reader with significant unique content, '''and''' it is not easily linked from another link included in the article (i.e. if the individual's homepage is linked and ''that'' has a prominent link to a Twitter feed, delete the Twitter link here, see [[WP:ELMINOFFICIAL]]). Wikipedia is [[WP:NOTDIR|not a comprehensive directory of a subject's web presence]]. Only link to [[WP:ELOFFICIAL|official accounts]] "controlled by the subject (organization or individual person) of the Wikipedia article". Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], linked to by other subject-controlled sources; or marked "Verified" by Twitter.}} {{for|the template for embedding tweets in articles|Template:Tweet}} {{see also|Template:Cite tweet|Wikipedia:External links/Perennial websites}} {{Template redirects|Twitter.com|Twitter user|Official Twitter page}} {{Uses Wikidata|P2002}} {{Tracks Wikidata|P2002}} {{Lua|Module:EditAtWikidata|Module:WikidataCheck}} This template generates an external link to an account at [[Twitter]]. It is designed to standardize the text and formatting of links to the legitimate Twitter account profiles of persons or organizations with sufficient [[Wikipedia:Notability|notability]] to be the subject of a Wikipedia article. However, adding a Twitter link is never mandatory and in certain cases should be discouraged. Note that ''very many'' fake Twitter accounts have been created as hoaxes, parodies, or attempts by fans to mimic a celebrity's style convincingly. Please make a detailed effort to verify the authenticity of any external links you wish to include. Legitimate Twitter accounts can be found through being named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], such as in newspaper stories about the subject, or linked to by other subject-controlled sources, such as the subject's legitimate website. A [[Twitter#Verified accounts|Verified Twitter account]] is one that Twitter itself has found to be legitimate. Twitter adds a blue verified badge next to the account's username on a profile and next to the account name in search results. Accounts that don't have the badge next to their name but that display it somewhere else, for example in the profile photo, header photo, or bio, are not verified accounts. ==Usage summary== One parameter: : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | ''ID'' }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= ''ID'' }}</code> Two parameters: : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | ''ID'' | ''NAME'' }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= ''ID'' | name= ''NAME'' }}</code> Using the [[Wikidata]] property [[d:Property:P2002|P2002]]: : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | name= ''NAME'' }}</code> ==Explanations and examples== ===One parameter=== Fill this parameter with the ID string used in the [[URL]] for the user's account profile on Twitter. When one parameter is used, the [[link text]] is the title of the Wikipedia article where this template is used. ''URL:'' : <code><nowiki>https://</nowiki>twitter.com/{{hilite|Twitter}}</code> ''Usage:'' : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | Twitter }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= Twitter }}</code> ''Output:'' : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | Twitter }} : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= Twitter }} Since "Twitter" is the name of the Wikipedia page you now are looking at, the link above appears as "Twitter on Twitter" on this Wikipedia page. The lead name will change according to the name of the Wikipedia page. ===Two parameters=== The first parameter will be the ID string used in the [[URL]] at Twitter. The second parameter will be used as the [[link text]]. ''URL:'' : <code><nowiki>https://</nowiki>twitter.com/{{hilite|AcadiaU}}</code> ''Usage:'' : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | AcadiaU | Acadia University }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= AcadiaU | name= Acadia University }}</code> ''Output:'' : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | AcadiaU | Acadia University }} : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= AcadiaU | name= Acadia University }} ===No parameters=== When used without an "id" parameter, this template will call data from [[Wikidata]], if available. If none is available, the category [[:Category:Twitter template missing ID]] will be applied and an error message will be displayed. ''Usage:'' : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code> ''Output:'' : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} }} == TemplateData == {{TemplateData header}} <templatedata> { "description": "This template generates an external link to an account at Twitter.", "params": { "id": { "label": "id", "aliases": [ "1" ], "description": "The \"id\" parameter (or unnamed parameter \"1\") should contain the ID portion of the URL. Example: AcadiaU is the ID portion of https://twitter.com/AcadiaU. This parameter is optional if Wikidata property P2002 exists, but required if not.", "default": "Wikidata property P2002", "type": "string", "required": false }, "name": { "label": "name", "aliases": [ "2" ], "description": "The \"name\" parameter (or unnamed parameter \"2\") may be used to specify the link text. This parameter is optional; it defaults to the Wikipedia article name, without disambiguation.", "default": "{{PAGENAMEBASE}}", "type": "string", "required": false } }, "paramOrder": [ "id", "name" ] } </templatedata> ==Tracking categories== ; template with ID * {{clc|Twitter username different from Wikidata}} * {{clc|Twitter username not in Wikidata}} ; template missing ID * {{clc|Twitter template missing ID and not in Wikidata}} ==See also== * {{tl|Pinterest}} * {{tl|Tumblr}} * {{tl|flickr-inline}} * {{tl|flickr-inline2}} * {{tl|Instagram}} * {{tl|Tweet}} * [[Wikipedia:TWITTER]] <includeonly>{{Sandbox other|| <!--Categories below this line, please; interwikis at Wikidata--> [[Category:Social media external link templates]] [[Category:People and person external link templates]] [[Category:External link templates using Wikidata]] [[Category:Templates that add a tracking category]] }}</includeonly> glwxbr46945rjn135yzvxcis4abt2l8 696698 696697 2021-12-29T04:36:49Z BrownHairedGirl 14525 /* See also */ add {{Cite Twitter profile}} 696698 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- Please place categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata (see [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]]) --> {{Warning|The [[Wikipedia:External links|external links guideline]] recommends [[WP:ELNO|avoiding links to Twitter]]. Only include links to social media if the subject is particularly known for using that social medium, '''and''' when the link provides the reader with significant unique content, '''and''' it is not easily linked from another link included in the article (i.e. if the individual's homepage is linked and ''that'' has a prominent link to a Twitter feed, delete the Twitter link here, see [[WP:ELMINOFFICIAL]]). Wikipedia is [[WP:NOTDIR|not a comprehensive directory of a subject's web presence]]. Only link to [[WP:ELOFFICIAL|official accounts]] "controlled by the subject (organization or individual person) of the Wikipedia article". Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], linked to by other subject-controlled sources; or marked "Verified" by Twitter.}} {{for|the template for embedding tweets in articles|Template:Tweet}} {{see also|Template:Cite tweet|Wikipedia:External links/Perennial websites}} {{Template redirects|Twitter.com|Twitter user|Official Twitter page}} {{Uses Wikidata|P2002}} {{Tracks Wikidata|P2002}} {{Lua|Module:EditAtWikidata|Module:WikidataCheck}} This template generates an external link to an account at [[Twitter]]. It is designed to standardize the text and formatting of links to the legitimate Twitter account profiles of persons or organizations with sufficient [[Wikipedia:Notability|notability]] to be the subject of a Wikipedia article. However, adding a Twitter link is never mandatory and in certain cases should be discouraged. Note that ''very many'' fake Twitter accounts have been created as hoaxes, parodies, or attempts by fans to mimic a celebrity's style convincingly. Please make a detailed effort to verify the authenticity of any external links you wish to include. Legitimate Twitter accounts can be found through being named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], such as in newspaper stories about the subject, or linked to by other subject-controlled sources, such as the subject's legitimate website. A [[Twitter#Verified accounts|Verified Twitter account]] is one that Twitter itself has found to be legitimate. Twitter adds a blue verified badge next to the account's username on a profile and next to the account name in search results. Accounts that don't have the badge next to their name but that display it somewhere else, for example in the profile photo, header photo, or bio, are not verified accounts. ==Usage summary== One parameter: : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | ''ID'' }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= ''ID'' }}</code> Two parameters: : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | ''ID'' | ''NAME'' }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= ''ID'' | name= ''NAME'' }}</code> Using the [[Wikidata]] property [[d:Property:P2002|P2002]]: : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | name= ''NAME'' }}</code> ==Explanations and examples== ===One parameter=== Fill this parameter with the ID string used in the [[URL]] for the user's account profile on Twitter. When one parameter is used, the [[link text]] is the title of the Wikipedia article where this template is used. ''URL:'' : <code><nowiki>https://</nowiki>twitter.com/{{hilite|Twitter}}</code> ''Usage:'' : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | Twitter }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= Twitter }}</code> ''Output:'' : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | Twitter }} : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= Twitter }} Since "Twitter" is the name of the Wikipedia page you now are looking at, the link above appears as "Twitter on Twitter" on this Wikipedia page. The lead name will change according to the name of the Wikipedia page. ===Two parameters=== The first parameter will be the ID string used in the [[URL]] at Twitter. The second parameter will be used as the [[link text]]. ''URL:'' : <code><nowiki>https://</nowiki>twitter.com/{{hilite|AcadiaU}}</code> ''Usage:'' : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | AcadiaU | Acadia University }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= AcadiaU | name= Acadia University }}</code> ''Output:'' : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | AcadiaU | Acadia University }} : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= AcadiaU | name= Acadia University }} ===No parameters=== When used without an "id" parameter, this template will call data from [[Wikidata]], if available. If none is available, the category [[:Category:Twitter template missing ID]] will be applied and an error message will be displayed. ''Usage:'' : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code> ''Output:'' : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} }} == TemplateData == {{TemplateData header}} <templatedata> { "description": "This template generates an external link to an account at Twitter.", "params": { "id": { "label": "id", "aliases": [ "1" ], "description": "The \"id\" parameter (or unnamed parameter \"1\") should contain the ID portion of the URL. Example: AcadiaU is the ID portion of https://twitter.com/AcadiaU. This parameter is optional if Wikidata property P2002 exists, but required if not.", "default": "Wikidata property P2002", "type": "string", "required": false }, "name": { "label": "name", "aliases": [ "2" ], "description": "The \"name\" parameter (or unnamed parameter \"2\") may be used to specify the link text. This parameter is optional; it defaults to the Wikipedia article name, without disambiguation.", "default": "{{PAGENAMEBASE}}", "type": "string", "required": false } }, "paramOrder": [ "id", "name" ] } </templatedata> ==Tracking categories== ; template with ID * {{clc|Twitter username different from Wikidata}} * {{clc|Twitter username not in Wikidata}} ; template missing ID * {{clc|Twitter template missing ID and not in Wikidata}} ==See also== * {{tl|Cite Twitter profile}}, for use inside ref tags * {{tl|Pinterest}} * {{tl|Tumblr}} * {{tl|flickr-inline}} * {{tl|flickr-inline2}} * {{tl|Instagram}} * {{tl|Tweet}} * [[Wikipedia:TWITTER]] <includeonly>{{Sandbox other|| <!--Categories below this line, please; interwikis at Wikidata--> [[Category:Social media external link templates]] [[Category:People and person external link templates]] [[Category:External link templates using Wikidata]] [[Category:Templates that add a tracking category]] }}</includeonly> c6azkiw7c6depwmfcjkq5q1330c6p9g 696699 696698 2022-03-17T20:23:06Z Wolfgang8741 54776 high use 696699 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- Please place categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata (see [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]]) --> {{Warning|The [[Wikipedia:External links|external links guideline]] recommends [[WP:ELNO|avoiding links to Twitter]]. Only include links to social media if the subject is particularly known for using that social medium, '''and''' when the link provides the reader with significant unique content, '''and''' it is not easily linked from another link included in the article (i.e. if the individual's homepage is linked and ''that'' has a prominent link to a Twitter feed, delete the Twitter link here, see [[WP:ELMINOFFICIAL]]). Wikipedia is [[WP:NOTDIR|not a comprehensive directory of a subject's web presence]]. Only link to [[WP:ELOFFICIAL|official accounts]] "controlled by the subject (organization or individual person) of the Wikipedia article". Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], linked to by other subject-controlled sources; or marked "Verified" by Twitter.}} {{for|the template for embedding tweets in articles|Template:Tweet}} {{see also|Template:Cite tweet|Wikipedia:External links/Perennial websites}} {{Template redirects|Twitter.com|Twitter user|Official Twitter page}} {{Uses Wikidata|P2002}} {{Tracks Wikidata|P2002}} {{Lua|Module:EditAtWikidata|Module:WikidataCheck}} {{high-use}} This template generates an external link to an account at [[Twitter]]. It is designed to standardize the text and formatting of links to the legitimate Twitter account profiles of persons or organizations with sufficient [[Wikipedia:Notability|notability]] to be the subject of a Wikipedia article. However, adding a Twitter link is never mandatory and in certain cases should be discouraged. Note that ''very many'' fake Twitter accounts have been created as hoaxes, parodies, or attempts by fans to mimic a celebrity's style convincingly. Please make a detailed effort to verify the authenticity of any external links you wish to include. Legitimate Twitter accounts can be found through being named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], such as in newspaper stories about the subject, or linked to by other subject-controlled sources, such as the subject's legitimate website. A [[Twitter#Verified accounts|Verified Twitter account]] is one that Twitter itself has found to be legitimate. Twitter adds a blue verified badge next to the account's username on a profile and next to the account name in search results. Accounts that don't have the badge next to their name but that display it somewhere else, for example in the profile photo, header photo, or bio, are not verified accounts. ==Usage summary== One parameter: : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | ''ID'' }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= ''ID'' }}</code> Two parameters: : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | ''ID'' | ''NAME'' }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= ''ID'' | name= ''NAME'' }}</code> Using the [[Wikidata]] property [[d:Property:P2002|P2002]]: : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | name= ''NAME'' }}</code> ==Explanations and examples== ===One parameter=== Fill this parameter with the ID string used in the [[URL]] for the user's account profile on Twitter. When one parameter is used, the [[link text]] is the title of the Wikipedia article where this template is used. ''URL:'' : <code><nowiki>https://</nowiki>twitter.com/{{hilite|Twitter}}</code> ''Usage:'' : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | Twitter }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= Twitter }}</code> ''Output:'' : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | Twitter }} : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= Twitter }} Since "Twitter" is the name of the Wikipedia page you now are looking at, the link above appears as "Twitter on Twitter" on this Wikipedia page. The lead name will change according to the name of the Wikipedia page. ===Two parameters=== The first parameter will be the ID string used in the [[URL]] at Twitter. The second parameter will be used as the [[link text]]. ''URL:'' : <code><nowiki>https://</nowiki>twitter.com/{{hilite|AcadiaU}}</code> ''Usage:'' : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | AcadiaU | Acadia University }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= AcadiaU | name= Acadia University }}</code> ''Output:'' : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | AcadiaU | Acadia University }} : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= AcadiaU | name= Acadia University }} ===No parameters=== When used without an "id" parameter, this template will call data from [[Wikidata]], if available. If none is available, the category [[:Category:Twitter template missing ID]] will be applied and an error message will be displayed. ''Usage:'' : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code> ''Output:'' : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} }} == TemplateData == {{TemplateData header}} <templatedata> { "description": "This template generates an external link to an account at Twitter.", "params": { "id": { "label": "id", "aliases": [ "1" ], "description": "The \"id\" parameter (or unnamed parameter \"1\") should contain the ID portion of the URL. Example: AcadiaU is the ID portion of https://twitter.com/AcadiaU. This parameter is optional if Wikidata property P2002 exists, but required if not.", "default": "Wikidata property P2002", "type": "string", "required": false }, "name": { "label": "name", "aliases": [ "2" ], "description": "The \"name\" parameter (or unnamed parameter \"2\") may be used to specify the link text. This parameter is optional; it defaults to the Wikipedia article name, without disambiguation.", "default": "{{PAGENAMEBASE}}", "type": "string", "required": false } }, "paramOrder": [ "id", "name" ] } </templatedata> ==Tracking categories== ; template with ID * {{clc|Twitter username different from Wikidata}} * {{clc|Twitter username not in Wikidata}} ; template missing ID * {{clc|Twitter template missing ID and not in Wikidata}} ==See also== * {{tl|Cite Twitter profile}}, for use inside ref tags * {{tl|Pinterest}} * {{tl|Tumblr}} * {{tl|flickr-inline}} * {{tl|flickr-inline2}} * {{tl|Instagram}} * {{tl|Tweet}} * [[Wikipedia:TWITTER]] <includeonly>{{Sandbox other|| <!--Categories below this line, please; interwikis at Wikidata--> [[Category:Social media external link templates]] [[Category:People and person external link templates]] [[Category:External link templates using Wikidata]] [[Category:Templates that add a tracking category]] }}</includeonly> 8rkef36hzc8d1t8mjqc6llbs3kxirhb 696700 696699 2022-04-02T07:05:39Z Shkuru Afshar 27056 696700 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- Please place categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata (see [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]]) --> {{Warning|The [[Wikipedia:External links|external links guideline]] recommends [[WP:ELNO|avoiding links to Twitter]]. Only include links to social media if the subject is particularly known for using that social medium, '''and''' when the link provides the reader with significant unique content, '''and''' it is not easily linked from another link included in the article (i.e. if the individual's homepage is linked and ''that'' has a prominent link to a Twitter feed, delete the Twitter link here, see [[WP:ELMINOFFICIAL]]). Wikipedia is [[WP:NOTDIR|not a comprehensive directory of a subject's web presence]]. Only link to [[WP:ELOFFICIAL|official accounts]] "controlled by the subject (organization or individual person) of the Wikipedia article". Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], linked to by other subject-controlled sources; or marked "Verified" by Twitter.}} {{for|the template for embedding tweets in articles|Template:Tweet}} {{see also|Template:Cite tweet|Wikipedia:External links/Perennial websites}} {{Template redirects|Twitter.com|Twitter user|Official Twitter page}} {{Uses Wikidata|P2002}} {{Tracks Wikidata|P2002}} {{Lua|Module:EditAtWikidata|Module:WikidataCheck}} {{high-use}} This template generates an external link to an account at [[Twitter]]. It is designed to standardize the text and formatting of links to the legitimate Twitter account profiles of persons or organizations with sufficient [[Wikipedia:Notability|notability]] to be the subject of a Wikipedia article. However, adding a Twitter link is never mandatory and in certain cases should be discouraged. Note that ''very many'' fake Twitter accounts have been created as hoaxes, parodies, or attempts by fans to mimic a celebrity's style convincingly. Please make a detailed effort to verify the authenticity of any external links you wish to include. Legitimate Twitter accounts can be found through being named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], such as in newspaper stories about the subject, or linked to by other subject-controlled sources, such as the subject's legitimate website. A [[Twitter#Verified accounts|Verified Twitter account]] is one that Twitter itself has found to be legitimate. Twitter adds a blue verified badge next to the account's username on a profile and next to the account name in search results. Accounts that don't have the badge next to their name but that display it somewhere else, for example in the profile photo, header photo, or bio, are not verified accounts. ==Usage summary== One parameter: : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | ''ID'' }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= ''ID'' }}</code> Two parameters: : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | ''ID'' | ''NAME'' }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= ''ID'' | name= ''NAME'' }}</code> Using the [[Wikidata]] property [[d:Property:P2002|P2002]]: : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | name= ''NAME'' }}</code> ==Explanations and examples== ===One parameter=== Fill this parameter with the ID string used in the [[URL]] for the user's account profile on Twitter. When one parameter is used, the [[link text]] is the title of the Wikipedia article where this template is used. ''URL:'' : <code><nowiki>https://</nowiki>twitter.com/{{hilite|Twitter}}</code> ''Usage:'' : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | Twitter }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= Twitter }}</code> ''Output:'' : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | Twitter }} : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= Twitter }} Since "Twitter" is the name of the Wikipedia page you now are looking at, the link above appears as "Twitter on Twitter" on this Wikipedia page. The lead name will change according to the name of the Wikipedia page. ===Two parameters=== The first parameter will be the ID string used in the [[URL]] at Twitter. The second parameter will be used as the [[link text]]. ''URL:'' : <code><nowiki>https://</nowiki>twitter.com/{{hilite|AcadiaU}}</code> ''Usage:'' : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | AcadiaU | Acadia University }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= AcadiaU | name= Acadia University }}</code> ''Output:'' : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | AcadiaU | Acadia University }} : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= AcadiaU | name= Acadia University }} ===No parameters=== When used without an "id" parameter, this template will call data from [[Wikidata]], if available. If none is available, the category [[:Category:Twitter template missing ID]] will be applied and an error message will be displayed. ''Usage:'' : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code> ''Output:'' : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} }} == TemplateData == {{TemplateData header}} <templatedata> { "description": "This template generates an external link to an account at Twitter.", "params": { "id": { "label": "id", "aliases": [ "1" ], "description": "The \"id\" parameter (or unnamed parameter \"1\") should contain the ID portion of the URL. Example: AcadiaU is the ID portion of https://twitter.com/AcadiaU. This parameter is optional if Wikidata property P2002 exists, but required if not.", "default": "Wikidata property P2002", "type": "string", "required": false }, "name": { "label": "name", "aliases": [ "2" ], "description": "The \"name\" parameter (or unnamed parameter \"2\") may be used to specify the link text. This parameter is optional; it defaults to the Wikipedia article name, without disambiguation.", "default": "{{PAGENAMEBASE}}", "type": "string", "required": false } }, "paramOrder": [ "id", "name" ] } </templatedata> ==Tracking categories== ; template with ID * {{clc|Twitter username different from Wikidata}} * {{clc|Twitter username not in Wikidata}} ; template missing ID * {{clc|Twitter template missing ID and not in Wikidata}} ==See also== * {{tl|Cite Twitter profile}}, for use inside ref tags * {{tl|Pinterest}} * {{tl|Tumblr}} * {{tl|flickr-inline}} * {{tl|flickr-inline2}} * {{tl|Instagram}} * {{tl|Tweet}} * [[Wikipedia:TWITTER]] <includeonly>{{Sandbox other|| <!--Categories below this line, please; interwikis at Wikidata--> [[Category:Social media external link templates]] [[Category:People and person external link templates]] [[Category:External link templates using Wikidata]] [[Category:Templates that add a tracking category|{{PAGENAME}}]] }}</includeonly> jhf8lm31ik8p4bcigaa83unl1wthtgb 696701 696700 2022-11-29T22:00:58Z Tamzin 4199 /* No parameters */ cat moved 696701 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- Please place categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata (see [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]]) --> {{Warning|The [[Wikipedia:External links|external links guideline]] recommends [[WP:ELNO|avoiding links to Twitter]]. Only include links to social media if the subject is particularly known for using that social medium, '''and''' when the link provides the reader with significant unique content, '''and''' it is not easily linked from another link included in the article (i.e. if the individual's homepage is linked and ''that'' has a prominent link to a Twitter feed, delete the Twitter link here, see [[WP:ELMINOFFICIAL]]). Wikipedia is [[WP:NOTDIR|not a comprehensive directory of a subject's web presence]]. Only link to [[WP:ELOFFICIAL|official accounts]] "controlled by the subject (organization or individual person) of the Wikipedia article". Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], linked to by other subject-controlled sources; or marked "Verified" by Twitter.}} {{for|the template for embedding tweets in articles|Template:Tweet}} {{see also|Template:Cite tweet|Wikipedia:External links/Perennial websites}} {{Template redirects|Twitter.com|Twitter user|Official Twitter page}} {{Uses Wikidata|P2002}} {{Tracks Wikidata|P2002}} {{Lua|Module:EditAtWikidata|Module:WikidataCheck}} {{high-use}} This template generates an external link to an account at [[Twitter]]. It is designed to standardize the text and formatting of links to the legitimate Twitter account profiles of persons or organizations with sufficient [[Wikipedia:Notability|notability]] to be the subject of a Wikipedia article. However, adding a Twitter link is never mandatory and in certain cases should be discouraged. Note that ''very many'' fake Twitter accounts have been created as hoaxes, parodies, or attempts by fans to mimic a celebrity's style convincingly. Please make a detailed effort to verify the authenticity of any external links you wish to include. Legitimate Twitter accounts can be found through being named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], such as in newspaper stories about the subject, or linked to by other subject-controlled sources, such as the subject's legitimate website. A [[Twitter#Verified accounts|Verified Twitter account]] is one that Twitter itself has found to be legitimate. Twitter adds a blue verified badge next to the account's username on a profile and next to the account name in search results. Accounts that don't have the badge next to their name but that display it somewhere else, for example in the profile photo, header photo, or bio, are not verified accounts. ==Usage summary== One parameter: : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | ''ID'' }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= ''ID'' }}</code> Two parameters: : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | ''ID'' | ''NAME'' }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= ''ID'' | name= ''NAME'' }}</code> Using the [[Wikidata]] property [[d:Property:P2002|P2002]]: : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | name= ''NAME'' }}</code> ==Explanations and examples== ===One parameter=== Fill this parameter with the ID string used in the [[URL]] for the user's account profile on Twitter. When one parameter is used, the [[link text]] is the title of the Wikipedia article where this template is used. ''URL:'' : <code><nowiki>https://</nowiki>twitter.com/{{hilite|Twitter}}</code> ''Usage:'' : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | Twitter }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= Twitter }}</code> ''Output:'' : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | Twitter }} : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= Twitter }} Since "Twitter" is the name of the Wikipedia page you now are looking at, the link above appears as "Twitter on Twitter" on this Wikipedia page. The lead name will change according to the name of the Wikipedia page. ===Two parameters=== The first parameter will be the ID string used in the [[URL]] at Twitter. The second parameter will be used as the [[link text]]. ''URL:'' : <code><nowiki>https://</nowiki>twitter.com/{{hilite|AcadiaU}}</code> ''Usage:'' : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | AcadiaU | Acadia University }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= AcadiaU | name= Acadia University }}</code> ''Output:'' : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | AcadiaU | Acadia University }} : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= AcadiaU | name= Acadia University }} ===No parameters=== When used without an "id" parameter, this template will call data from [[Wikidata]], if available. If none is available, the category [[:Category:Twitter template missing ID and not in Wikidata]] will be applied and an error message will be displayed. ''Usage:'' : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code> ''Output:'' : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} }} == TemplateData == {{TemplateData header}} <templatedata> { "description": "This template generates an external link to an account at Twitter.", "params": { "id": { "label": "id", "aliases": [ "1" ], "description": "The \"id\" parameter (or unnamed parameter \"1\") should contain the ID portion of the URL. Example: AcadiaU is the ID portion of https://twitter.com/AcadiaU. This parameter is optional if Wikidata property P2002 exists, but required if not.", "default": "Wikidata property P2002", "type": "string", "required": false }, "name": { "label": "name", "aliases": [ "2" ], "description": "The \"name\" parameter (or unnamed parameter \"2\") may be used to specify the link text. This parameter is optional; it defaults to the Wikipedia article name, without disambiguation.", "default": "{{PAGENAMEBASE}}", "type": "string", "required": false } }, "paramOrder": [ "id", "name" ] } </templatedata> ==Tracking categories== ; template with ID * {{clc|Twitter username different from Wikidata}} * {{clc|Twitter username not in Wikidata}} ; template missing ID * {{clc|Twitter template missing ID and not in Wikidata}} ==See also== * {{tl|Cite Twitter profile}}, for use inside ref tags * {{tl|Pinterest}} * {{tl|Tumblr}} * {{tl|flickr-inline}} * {{tl|flickr-inline2}} * {{tl|Instagram}} * {{tl|Tweet}} * [[Wikipedia:TWITTER]] <includeonly>{{Sandbox other|| <!--Categories below this line, please; interwikis at Wikidata--> [[Category:Social media external link templates]] [[Category:People and person external link templates]] [[Category:External link templates using Wikidata]] [[Category:Templates that add a tracking category|{{PAGENAME}}]] }}</includeonly> 94aaz47167w4ym3s850j7r0pmn6ei3i 696702 696701 2022-12-18T23:11:25Z SWinxy 27031 add {{Twitter navbar}} in hat 696702 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- Please place categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata (see [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]]) --> {{Warning|The [[Wikipedia:External links|external links guideline]] recommends [[WP:ELNO|avoiding links to Twitter]]. Only include links to social media if the subject is particularly known for using that social medium, '''and''' when the link provides the reader with significant unique content, '''and''' it is not easily linked from another link included in the article (i.e. if the individual's homepage is linked and ''that'' has a prominent link to a Twitter feed, delete the Twitter link here, see [[WP:ELMINOFFICIAL]]). Wikipedia is [[WP:NOTDIR|not a comprehensive directory of a subject's web presence]]. Only link to [[WP:ELOFFICIAL|official accounts]] "controlled by the subject (organization or individual person) of the Wikipedia article". Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], linked to by other subject-controlled sources; or marked "Verified" by Twitter.}} {{for multi|the template for embedding tweets in articles|Template:Tweet|the navbox|Template:Twitter navbox}} {{see also|Template:Cite tweet|Wikipedia:External links/Perennial websites}} {{Template redirects|Twitter.com|Twitter user|Official Twitter page}} {{Uses Wikidata|P2002}} {{Tracks Wikidata|P2002}} {{Lua|Module:EditAtWikidata|Module:WikidataCheck}} {{high-use}} This template generates an external link to an account at [[Twitter]]. It is designed to standardize the text and formatting of links to the legitimate Twitter account profiles of persons or organizations with sufficient [[Wikipedia:Notability|notability]] to be the subject of a Wikipedia article. However, adding a Twitter link is never mandatory and in certain cases should be discouraged. Note that ''very many'' fake Twitter accounts have been created as hoaxes, parodies, or attempts by fans to mimic a celebrity's style convincingly. Please make a detailed effort to verify the authenticity of any external links you wish to include. Legitimate Twitter accounts can be found through being named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], such as in newspaper stories about the subject, or linked to by other subject-controlled sources, such as the subject's legitimate website. A [[Twitter#Verified accounts|Verified Twitter account]] is one that Twitter itself has found to be legitimate. Twitter adds a blue verified badge next to the account's username on a profile and next to the account name in search results. Accounts that don't have the badge next to their name but that display it somewhere else, for example in the profile photo, header photo, or bio, are not verified accounts. ==Usage summary== One parameter: : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | ''ID'' }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= ''ID'' }}</code> Two parameters: : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | ''ID'' | ''NAME'' }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= ''ID'' | name= ''NAME'' }}</code> Using the [[Wikidata]] property [[d:Property:P2002|P2002]]: : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | name= ''NAME'' }}</code> ==Explanations and examples== ===One parameter=== Fill this parameter with the ID string used in the [[URL]] for the user's account profile on Twitter. When one parameter is used, the [[link text]] is the title of the Wikipedia article where this template is used. ''URL:'' : <code><nowiki>https://</nowiki>twitter.com/{{hilite|Twitter}}</code> ''Usage:'' : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | Twitter }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= Twitter }}</code> ''Output:'' : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | Twitter }} : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= Twitter }} Since "Twitter" is the name of the Wikipedia page you now are looking at, the link above appears as "Twitter on Twitter" on this Wikipedia page. The lead name will change according to the name of the Wikipedia page. ===Two parameters=== The first parameter will be the ID string used in the [[URL]] at Twitter. The second parameter will be used as the [[link text]]. ''URL:'' : <code><nowiki>https://</nowiki>twitter.com/{{hilite|AcadiaU}}</code> ''Usage:'' : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | AcadiaU | Acadia University }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= AcadiaU | name= Acadia University }}</code> ''Output:'' : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | AcadiaU | Acadia University }} : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= AcadiaU | name= Acadia University }} ===No parameters=== When used without an "id" parameter, this template will call data from [[Wikidata]], if available. If none is available, the category [[:Category:Twitter template missing ID and not in Wikidata]] will be applied and an error message will be displayed. ''Usage:'' : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code> ''Output:'' : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} }} == TemplateData == {{TemplateData header}} <templatedata> { "description": "This template generates an external link to an account at Twitter.", "params": { "id": { "label": "id", "aliases": [ "1" ], "description": "The \"id\" parameter (or unnamed parameter \"1\") should contain the ID portion of the URL. Example: AcadiaU is the ID portion of https://twitter.com/AcadiaU. This parameter is optional if Wikidata property P2002 exists, but required if not.", "default": "Wikidata property P2002", "type": "string", "required": false }, "name": { "label": "name", "aliases": [ "2" ], "description": "The \"name\" parameter (or unnamed parameter \"2\") may be used to specify the link text. This parameter is optional; it defaults to the Wikipedia article name, without disambiguation.", "default": "{{PAGENAMEBASE}}", "type": "string", "required": false } }, "paramOrder": [ "id", "name" ] } </templatedata> ==Tracking categories== ; template with ID * {{clc|Twitter username different from Wikidata}} * {{clc|Twitter username not in Wikidata}} ; template missing ID * {{clc|Twitter template missing ID and not in Wikidata}} ==See also== * {{tl|Cite Twitter profile}}, for use inside ref tags * {{tl|Pinterest}} * {{tl|Tumblr}} * {{tl|flickr-inline}} * {{tl|flickr-inline2}} * {{tl|Instagram}} * {{tl|Tweet}} * [[Wikipedia:TWITTER]] <includeonly>{{Sandbox other|| <!--Categories below this line, please; interwikis at Wikidata--> [[Category:Social media external link templates]] [[Category:People and person external link templates]] [[Category:External link templates using Wikidata]] [[Category:Templates that add a tracking category|{{PAGENAME}}]] }}</includeonly> 9z0hqatxj2vqvp0ll03nrknkukrs2hl 696703 696702 2023-06-09T23:10:59Z 91.129.109.187 Updated to account for Elon making the verification badge useless 696703 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- Please place categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata (see [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]]) --> {{Warning|The [[Wikipedia:External links|external links guideline]] recommends [[WP:ELNO|avoiding links to Twitter]]. Only include links to social media if the subject is particularly known for using that social medium, '''and''' when the link provides the reader with significant unique content, '''and''' it is not easily linked from another link included in the article (i.e. if the individual's homepage is linked and ''that'' has a prominent link to a Twitter feed, delete the Twitter link here, see [[WP:ELMINOFFICIAL]]). Wikipedia is [[WP:NOTDIR|not a comprehensive directory of a subject's web presence]]. Only link to [[WP:ELOFFICIAL|official accounts]] "controlled by the subject (organization or individual person) of the Wikipedia article". Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]] or linked to by other subject-controlled sources.}} {{for multi|the template for embedding tweets in articles|Template:Tweet|the navbox|Template:Twitter navbox}} {{see also|Template:Cite tweet|Wikipedia:External links/Perennial websites}} {{Template redirects|Twitter.com|Twitter user|Official Twitter page}} {{Uses Wikidata|P2002}} {{Tracks Wikidata|P2002}} {{Lua|Module:EditAtWikidata|Module:WikidataCheck}} {{high-use}} This template generates an external link to an account at [[Twitter]]. It is designed to standardize the text and formatting of links to the legitimate Twitter account profiles of persons or organizations with sufficient [[Wikipedia:Notability|notability]] to be the subject of a Wikipedia article. However, adding a Twitter link is never mandatory and in certain cases should be discouraged. Note that ''very many'' fake Twitter accounts have been created as hoaxes, parodies, or attempts by fans to mimic a celebrity's style convincingly. Please make a detailed effort to verify the authenticity of any external links you wish to include. Legitimate Twitter accounts can be found through being named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], such as in newspaper stories about the subject, or linked to by other subject-controlled sources, such as the subject's legitimate website. [[Twitter verification#Since November 2022|Since November 2022]], a Twitter account having a [[Twitter verification|verification badge]] no longer indicates any legitimacy, as it is now available to anyone with a [[Twitter Blue]] subscription. ==Usage summary== One parameter: : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | ''ID'' }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= ''ID'' }}</code> Two parameters: : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | ''ID'' | ''NAME'' }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= ''ID'' | name= ''NAME'' }}</code> Using the [[Wikidata]] property [[d:Property:P2002|P2002]]: : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | name= ''NAME'' }}</code> ==Explanations and examples== ===One parameter=== Fill this parameter with the ID string used in the [[URL]] for the user's account profile on Twitter. When one parameter is used, the [[link text]] is the title of the Wikipedia article where this template is used. ''URL:'' : <code><nowiki>https://</nowiki>twitter.com/{{hilite|Twitter}}</code> ''Usage:'' : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | Twitter }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= Twitter }}</code> ''Output:'' : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | Twitter }} : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= Twitter }} Since "Twitter" is the name of the Wikipedia page you now are looking at, the link above appears as "Twitter on Twitter" on this Wikipedia page. The lead name will change according to the name of the Wikipedia page. ===Two parameters=== The first parameter will be the ID string used in the [[URL]] at Twitter. The second parameter will be used as the [[link text]]. ''URL:'' : <code><nowiki>https://</nowiki>twitter.com/{{hilite|AcadiaU}}</code> ''Usage:'' : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | AcadiaU | Acadia University }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= AcadiaU | name= Acadia University }}</code> ''Output:'' : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | AcadiaU | Acadia University }} : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= AcadiaU | name= Acadia University }} ===No parameters=== When used without an "id" parameter, this template will call data from [[Wikidata]], if available. If none is available, the category [[:Category:Twitter template missing ID and not in Wikidata]] will be applied and an error message will be displayed. ''Usage:'' : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code> ''Output:'' : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} }} == TemplateData == {{TemplateData header}} <templatedata> { "description": "This template generates an external link to an account at Twitter.", "params": { "id": { "label": "id", "aliases": [ "1" ], "description": "The \"id\" parameter (or unnamed parameter \"1\") should contain the ID portion of the URL. Example: AcadiaU is the ID portion of https://twitter.com/AcadiaU. This parameter is optional if Wikidata property P2002 exists, but required if not.", "default": "Wikidata property P2002", "type": "string", "required": false }, "name": { "label": "name", "aliases": [ "2" ], "description": "The \"name\" parameter (or unnamed parameter \"2\") may be used to specify the link text. This parameter is optional; it defaults to the Wikipedia article name, without disambiguation.", "default": "{{PAGENAMEBASE}}", "type": "string", "required": false } }, "paramOrder": [ "id", "name" ] } </templatedata> ==Tracking categories== ; template with ID * {{clc|Twitter username different from Wikidata}} * {{clc|Twitter username not in Wikidata}} ; template missing ID * {{clc|Twitter template missing ID and not in Wikidata}} ==See also== * {{tl|Cite Twitter profile}}, for use inside ref tags * {{tl|Pinterest}} * {{tl|Tumblr}} * {{tl|flickr-inline}} * {{tl|flickr-inline2}} * {{tl|Instagram}} * {{tl|Tweet}} * [[Wikipedia:TWITTER]] <includeonly>{{Sandbox other|| <!--Categories below this line, please; interwikis at Wikidata--> [[Category:Social media external link templates]] [[Category:People and person external link templates]] [[Category:External link templates using Wikidata]] [[Category:Templates that add a tracking category|{{PAGENAME}}]] }}</includeonly> qu050n6bbpu8er47ocll76ivakk1xf3 696704 696703 2023-06-14T05:07:15Z Gonnym 14511 /* Tracking categories */ 696704 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- Please place categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata (see [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]]) --> {{Warning|The [[Wikipedia:External links|external links guideline]] recommends [[WP:ELNO|avoiding links to Twitter]]. Only include links to social media if the subject is particularly known for using that social medium, '''and''' when the link provides the reader with significant unique content, '''and''' it is not easily linked from another link included in the article (i.e. if the individual's homepage is linked and ''that'' has a prominent link to a Twitter feed, delete the Twitter link here, see [[WP:ELMINOFFICIAL]]). Wikipedia is [[WP:NOTDIR|not a comprehensive directory of a subject's web presence]]. Only link to [[WP:ELOFFICIAL|official accounts]] "controlled by the subject (organization or individual person) of the Wikipedia article". Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]] or linked to by other subject-controlled sources.}} {{for multi|the template for embedding tweets in articles|Template:Tweet|the navbox|Template:Twitter navbox}} {{see also|Template:Cite tweet|Wikipedia:External links/Perennial websites}} {{Template redirects|Twitter.com|Twitter user|Official Twitter page}} {{Uses Wikidata|P2002}} {{Tracks Wikidata|P2002}} {{Lua|Module:EditAtWikidata|Module:WikidataCheck}} {{high-use}} This template generates an external link to an account at [[Twitter]]. It is designed to standardize the text and formatting of links to the legitimate Twitter account profiles of persons or organizations with sufficient [[Wikipedia:Notability|notability]] to be the subject of a Wikipedia article. However, adding a Twitter link is never mandatory and in certain cases should be discouraged. Note that ''very many'' fake Twitter accounts have been created as hoaxes, parodies, or attempts by fans to mimic a celebrity's style convincingly. Please make a detailed effort to verify the authenticity of any external links you wish to include. Legitimate Twitter accounts can be found through being named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], such as in newspaper stories about the subject, or linked to by other subject-controlled sources, such as the subject's legitimate website. [[Twitter verification#Since November 2022|Since November 2022]], a Twitter account having a [[Twitter verification|verification badge]] no longer indicates any legitimacy, as it is now available to anyone with a [[Twitter Blue]] subscription. ==Usage summary== One parameter: : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | ''ID'' }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= ''ID'' }}</code> Two parameters: : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | ''ID'' | ''NAME'' }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= ''ID'' | name= ''NAME'' }}</code> Using the [[Wikidata]] property [[d:Property:P2002|P2002]]: : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | name= ''NAME'' }}</code> ==Explanations and examples== ===One parameter=== Fill this parameter with the ID string used in the [[URL]] for the user's account profile on Twitter. When one parameter is used, the [[link text]] is the title of the Wikipedia article where this template is used. ''URL:'' : <code><nowiki>https://</nowiki>twitter.com/{{hilite|Twitter}}</code> ''Usage:'' : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | Twitter }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= Twitter }}</code> ''Output:'' : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | Twitter }} : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= Twitter }} Since "Twitter" is the name of the Wikipedia page you now are looking at, the link above appears as "Twitter on Twitter" on this Wikipedia page. The lead name will change according to the name of the Wikipedia page. ===Two parameters=== The first parameter will be the ID string used in the [[URL]] at Twitter. The second parameter will be used as the [[link text]]. ''URL:'' : <code><nowiki>https://</nowiki>twitter.com/{{hilite|AcadiaU}}</code> ''Usage:'' : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | AcadiaU | Acadia University }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= AcadiaU | name= Acadia University }}</code> ''Output:'' : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | AcadiaU | Acadia University }} : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= AcadiaU | name= Acadia University }} ===No parameters=== When used without an "id" parameter, this template will call data from [[Wikidata]], if available. If none is available, the category [[:Category:Twitter template missing ID and not in Wikidata]] will be applied and an error message will be displayed. ''Usage:'' : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code> ''Output:'' : {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} }} == TemplateData == {{TemplateData header}} <templatedata> { "description": "This template generates an external link to an account at Twitter.", "params": { "id": { "label": "id", "aliases": [ "1" ], "description": "The \"id\" parameter (or unnamed parameter \"1\") should contain the ID portion of the URL. Example: AcadiaU is the ID portion of https://twitter.com/AcadiaU. This parameter is optional if Wikidata property P2002 exists, but required if not.", "default": "Wikidata property P2002", "type": "string", "required": false }, "name": { "label": "name", "aliases": [ "2" ], "description": "The \"name\" parameter (or unnamed parameter \"2\") may be used to specify the link text. This parameter is optional; it defaults to the Wikipedia article name, without disambiguation.", "default": "{{PAGENAMEBASE}}", "type": "string", "required": false } }, "paramOrder": [ "id", "name" ] } </templatedata> ==Tracking categories== * {{clc|Twitter username different from Wikidata}} * {{clc|Twitter username not in Wikidata}} * {{clc|Twitter template missing ID and not in Wikidata}} * {{clc|Pages using Twitter with unknown parameters}} ==See also== * {{tl|Cite Twitter profile}}, for use inside ref tags * {{tl|Pinterest}} * {{tl|Tumblr}} * {{tl|flickr-inline}} * {{tl|flickr-inline2}} * {{tl|Instagram}} * {{tl|Tweet}} * [[Wikipedia:TWITTER]] <includeonly>{{Sandbox other|| <!--Categories below this line, please; interwikis at Wikidata--> [[Category:Social media external link templates]] [[Category:People and person external link templates]] [[Category:External link templates using Wikidata]] [[Category:Templates that add a tracking category|{{PAGENAME}}]] }}</includeonly> izm4plt67slfewcvg4374344x0v515x 696705 696704 2023-07-29T03:55:14Z Zyxw 14644 update examples and TemplateData 696705 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- Please place categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata (see [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]]) --> {{Warning|The [[Wikipedia:External links|external links guideline]] recommends [[WP:ELNO|avoiding links to Twitter]]. Only include links to social media if the subject is particularly known for using that social medium, '''and''' when the link provides the reader with significant unique content, '''and''' it is not easily linked from another link included in the article (i.e. if the individual's homepage is linked and ''that'' has a prominent link to a Twitter feed, delete the Twitter link here, see [[WP:ELMINOFFICIAL]]). Wikipedia is [[WP:NOTDIR|not a comprehensive directory of a subject's web presence]]. Only link to [[WP:ELOFFICIAL|official accounts]] "controlled by the subject (organization or individual person) of the Wikipedia article". Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]] or linked to by other subject-controlled sources.}} {{for multi|the template for embedding tweets in articles|Template:Tweet|the navbox|Template:Twitter navbox}} {{see also|Template:Cite tweet|Wikipedia:External links/Perennial websites}} {{Template redirects|Twitter.com|Twitter user|Official Twitter page}} {{Uses Wikidata|P2002}} {{Tracks Wikidata|P2002}} {{Lua|Module:EditAtWikidata|Module:WikidataCheck}} {{high-use}} This template generates an external link to an account at [[Twitter]]. It is designed to standardize the text and formatting of links to the legitimate Twitter account profiles of persons or organizations with sufficient [[Wikipedia:Notability|notability]] to be the subject of a Wikipedia article. However, adding a Twitter link is never mandatory and in certain cases should be discouraged. Note that ''very many'' fake Twitter accounts have been created as hoaxes, parodies, or attempts by fans to mimic a celebrity's style convincingly. Please make a detailed effort to verify the authenticity of any external links you wish to include. Legitimate Twitter accounts can be found through being named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], such as in newspaper stories about the subject, or linked to by other subject-controlled sources, such as the subject's legitimate website. [[Twitter verification#Since November 2022|Since November 2022]], a Twitter account having a [[Twitter verification|verification badge]] no longer indicates any legitimacy, as it is now available to anyone with a [[Twitter Blue]] subscription. ==Usage summary== ; One parameter : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | <var>username</var> }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= <var>username</var> }}</code> ; Two parameters : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | <var>username</var> | <var>Displayed Name</var> }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= <var>username</var> | name= <var>Displayed Name</var> }}</code> ; Using Wikidata property : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | name= <var>Displayed Name</var> }}</code> ==Explanations and examples== === One parameter === Fill this parameter with the ID string used in the [[URL]] for the user's account profile on Twitter. When one parameter is used, the [[link text]] is the title of the Wikipedia article where this template is used. ; URL : <code>[https://twitter.com/Twitter https://twitter.com/{{Highlight|Twitter}}]</code> ; Usage : <code><nowiki>* {{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | {{Highlight|Twitter}} }}</code> : <code><nowiki>* {{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= {{Highlight|Twitter}} }}</code> ; Output :* {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | Twitter }} :* {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= Twitter }} Since "Twitter" is the name of the Wikipedia page you now are looking at, the link above appears as "Twitter on Twitter" on this Wikipedia page. The lead name will change according to the name of the Wikipedia page. === Two parameters === The first parameter will be the ID string used in the [[URL]] at Twitter. The second parameter will be used as the [[link text]]. ; URLs : <code>[https://twitter.com/AcadiaU https://twitter.com/{{Highlight|AcadiaU}}]</code> ; Usage : <code><nowiki>* {{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | {{Highlight|AcadiaU}} | Acadia University }}</code> : <code><nowiki>* {{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= {{Highlight|AcadiaU}} | name= Acadia University }}</code> ; Output :* {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | AcadiaU | Acadia University }} :* {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= AcadiaU | name= Acadia University }} === No parameters and Wikidata property not defined === When used without an "id" parameter, this template will call data from [[Wikidata]], if available. If none is available, the category [[:Category:Twitter template missing ID and not in Wikidata]] will be applied and an error message will be displayed. ; Usage : <code><nowiki>* {{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code> ; Output :* {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} }} == TemplateData == {{TemplateData header}} <templatedata> { "description": "This template generates an external link to an account at Twitter.", "params": { "id": { "label": "ID", "aliases": [ "1" ], "description": "The username in the Twitter URL, such as AcadiaU in https://twitter.com/AcadiaU. This parameter is optional if Wikidata property P2002 exists, but required if not.", "default": "Wikidata property P2002", "example": "AcadiaU", "type": "string", "required": false }, "name": { "label": "Name", "aliases": [ "2" ], "description": "The name displayed as the link text. This parameter is optional; it defaults to the Wikipedia article name, without disambiguation.", "default": "{{PAGENAMEBASE}}", "example": "Acadia University", "type": "string", "required": false } }, "paramOrder": [ "id", "name" ] } </templatedata> ==Tracking categories== * {{clc|Twitter username different from Wikidata}} – ''comparison is [[case insensitive]], so [https://twitter.com/AcadiaU AcadiaU] matches [https://twitter.com/acadiau acadiau]'' * {{clc|Twitter username not in Wikidata}} * {{clc|Twitter template missing ID and not in Wikidata}} * {{clc|Pages using Twitter with unknown parameters}} ==See also== * {{tl|Cite Twitter profile}}, for use inside ref tags * {{tl|Pinterest}} * {{tl|Tumblr}} * {{tl|flickr-inline}} * {{tl|flickr-inline2}} * {{tl|Instagram}} * {{tl|Tweet}} * [[Wikipedia:TWITTER]] <includeonly>{{Sandbox other|| <!--Categories below this line, please; interwikis at Wikidata--> [[Category:Social media external link templates]] [[Category:People and person external link templates]] [[Category:External link templates using Wikidata]] [[Category:Templates that add a tracking category]] }}</includeonly> a206ma9e0n0a5sq85hiwok8e8249wx4 696706 696705 2023-07-30T20:37:57Z Zyxw 14644 /* See also */ update 696706 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- Please place categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata (see [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]]) --> {{Warning|The [[Wikipedia:External links|external links guideline]] recommends [[WP:ELNO|avoiding links to Twitter]]. Only include links to social media if the subject is particularly known for using that social medium, '''and''' when the link provides the reader with significant unique content, '''and''' it is not easily linked from another link included in the article (i.e. if the individual's homepage is linked and ''that'' has a prominent link to a Twitter feed, delete the Twitter link here, see [[WP:ELMINOFFICIAL]]). Wikipedia is [[WP:NOTDIR|not a comprehensive directory of a subject's web presence]]. Only link to [[WP:ELOFFICIAL|official accounts]] "controlled by the subject (organization or individual person) of the Wikipedia article". Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]] or linked to by other subject-controlled sources.}} {{for multi|the template for embedding tweets in articles|Template:Tweet|the navbox|Template:Twitter navbox}} {{see also|Template:Cite tweet|Wikipedia:External links/Perennial websites}} {{Template redirects|Twitter.com|Twitter user|Official Twitter page}} {{Uses Wikidata|P2002}} {{Tracks Wikidata|P2002}} {{Lua|Module:EditAtWikidata|Module:WikidataCheck}} {{high-use}} This template generates an external link to an account at [[Twitter]]. It is designed to standardize the text and formatting of links to the legitimate Twitter account profiles of persons or organizations with sufficient [[Wikipedia:Notability|notability]] to be the subject of a Wikipedia article. However, adding a Twitter link is never mandatory and in certain cases should be discouraged. Note that ''very many'' fake Twitter accounts have been created as hoaxes, parodies, or attempts by fans to mimic a celebrity's style convincingly. Please make a detailed effort to verify the authenticity of any external links you wish to include. Legitimate Twitter accounts can be found through being named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], such as in newspaper stories about the subject, or linked to by other subject-controlled sources, such as the subject's legitimate website. [[Twitter verification#Since November 2022|Since November 2022]], a Twitter account having a [[Twitter verification|verification badge]] no longer indicates any legitimacy, as it is now available to anyone with a [[Twitter Blue]] subscription. ==Usage summary== ; One parameter : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | <var>username</var> }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= <var>username</var> }}</code> ; Two parameters : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | <var>username</var> | <var>Displayed Name</var> }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= <var>username</var> | name= <var>Displayed Name</var> }}</code> ; Using Wikidata property : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | name= <var>Displayed Name</var> }}</code> ==Explanations and examples== === One parameter === Fill this parameter with the ID string used in the [[URL]] for the user's account profile on Twitter. When one parameter is used, the [[link text]] is the title of the Wikipedia article where this template is used. ; URL : <code>[https://twitter.com/Twitter https://twitter.com/{{Highlight|Twitter}}]</code> ; Usage : <code><nowiki>* {{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | {{Highlight|Twitter}} }}</code> : <code><nowiki>* {{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= {{Highlight|Twitter}} }}</code> ; Output :* {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | Twitter }} :* {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= Twitter }} Since "Twitter" is the name of the Wikipedia page you now are looking at, the link above appears as "Twitter on Twitter" on this Wikipedia page. The lead name will change according to the name of the Wikipedia page. === Two parameters === The first parameter will be the ID string used in the [[URL]] at Twitter. The second parameter will be used as the [[link text]]. ; URLs : <code>[https://twitter.com/AcadiaU https://twitter.com/{{Highlight|AcadiaU}}]</code> ; Usage : <code><nowiki>* {{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | {{Highlight|AcadiaU}} | Acadia University }}</code> : <code><nowiki>* {{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= {{Highlight|AcadiaU}} | name= Acadia University }}</code> ; Output :* {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | AcadiaU | Acadia University }} :* {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= AcadiaU | name= Acadia University }} === No parameters and Wikidata property not defined === When used without an "id" parameter, this template will call data from [[Wikidata]], if available. If none is available, the category [[:Category:Twitter template missing ID and not in Wikidata]] will be applied and an error message will be displayed. ; Usage : <code><nowiki>* {{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code> ; Output :* {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} }} == TemplateData == {{TemplateData header}} <templatedata> { "description": "This template generates an external link to an account at Twitter.", "params": { "id": { "label": "ID", "aliases": [ "1" ], "description": "The username in the Twitter URL, such as AcadiaU in https://twitter.com/AcadiaU. This parameter is optional if Wikidata property P2002 exists, but required if not.", "default": "Wikidata property P2002", "example": "AcadiaU", "type": "string", "required": false }, "name": { "label": "Name", "aliases": [ "2" ], "description": "The name displayed as the link text. This parameter is optional; it defaults to the Wikipedia article name, without disambiguation.", "default": "{{PAGENAMEBASE}}", "example": "Acadia University", "type": "string", "required": false } }, "paramOrder": [ "id", "name" ] } </templatedata> ==Tracking categories== * {{clc|Twitter username different from Wikidata}} – ''comparison is [[case insensitive]], so [https://twitter.com/AcadiaU AcadiaU] matches [https://twitter.com/acadiau acadiau]'' * {{clc|Twitter username not in Wikidata}} * {{clc|Twitter template missing ID and not in Wikidata}} * {{clc|Pages using Twitter with unknown parameters}} ==See also== * {{tl|Cite Twitter profile}}, for use inside ref tags * {{tl|Tweet}} * {{tl|Cite tweet}} * [[Wikipedia:TWITTER]] * {{tl|Facebook}} * {{tl|Instagram}} * {{tl|Pinterest}} * {{tl|Tumblr}} * {{tl|flickr-inline}} * {{tl|flickr-inline2}} <includeonly>{{Sandbox other|| <!--Categories below this line, please; interwikis at Wikidata--> [[Category:Social media external link templates]] [[Category:People and person external link templates]] [[Category:External link templates using Wikidata]] [[Category:Templates that add a tracking category]] }}</includeonly> ji6cj8312kbom5ecamy0o2gf7arbiu2 696707 696706 2023-10-15T18:32:53Z InfiniteNexus 43932 cat 696707 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- Please place categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata (see [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]]) --> {{Warning|The [[Wikipedia:External links|external links guideline]] recommends [[WP:ELNO|avoiding links to Twitter]]. Only include links to social media if the subject is particularly known for using that social medium, '''and''' when the link provides the reader with significant unique content, '''and''' it is not easily linked from another link included in the article (i.e. if the individual's homepage is linked and ''that'' has a prominent link to a Twitter feed, delete the Twitter link here, see [[WP:ELMINOFFICIAL]]). Wikipedia is [[WP:NOTDIR|not a comprehensive directory of a subject's web presence]]. Only link to [[WP:ELOFFICIAL|official accounts]] "controlled by the subject (organization or individual person) of the Wikipedia article". Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]] or linked to by other subject-controlled sources.}} {{for multi|the template for embedding tweets in articles|Template:Tweet|the navbox|Template:Twitter navbox}} {{see also|Template:Cite tweet|Wikipedia:External links/Perennial websites}} {{Template redirects|Twitter.com|Twitter user|Official Twitter page}} {{Uses Wikidata|P2002}} {{Tracks Wikidata|P2002}} {{Lua|Module:EditAtWikidata|Module:WikidataCheck}} {{high-use}} This template generates an external link to an account at [[Twitter]]. It is designed to standardize the text and formatting of links to the legitimate Twitter account profiles of persons or organizations with sufficient [[Wikipedia:Notability|notability]] to be the subject of a Wikipedia article. However, adding a Twitter link is never mandatory and in certain cases should be discouraged. Note that ''very many'' fake Twitter accounts have been created as hoaxes, parodies, or attempts by fans to mimic a celebrity's style convincingly. Please make a detailed effort to verify the authenticity of any external links you wish to include. Legitimate Twitter accounts can be found through being named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], such as in newspaper stories about the subject, or linked to by other subject-controlled sources, such as the subject's legitimate website. [[Twitter verification#Since November 2022|Since November 2022]], a Twitter account having a [[Twitter verification|verification badge]] no longer indicates any legitimacy, as it is now available to anyone with a [[Twitter Blue]] subscription. ==Usage summary== ; One parameter : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | <var>username</var> }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= <var>username</var> }}</code> ; Two parameters : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | <var>username</var> | <var>Displayed Name</var> }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= <var>username</var> | name= <var>Displayed Name</var> }}</code> ; Using Wikidata property : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | name= <var>Displayed Name</var> }}</code> ==Explanations and examples== === One parameter === Fill this parameter with the ID string used in the [[URL]] for the user's account profile on Twitter. When one parameter is used, the [[link text]] is the title of the Wikipedia article where this template is used. ; URL : <code>[https://twitter.com/Twitter https://twitter.com/{{Highlight|Twitter}}]</code> ; Usage : <code><nowiki>* {{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | {{Highlight|Twitter}} }}</code> : <code><nowiki>* {{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= {{Highlight|Twitter}} }}</code> ; Output :* {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | Twitter }} :* {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= Twitter }} Since "Twitter" is the name of the Wikipedia page you now are looking at, the link above appears as "Twitter on Twitter" on this Wikipedia page. The lead name will change according to the name of the Wikipedia page. === Two parameters === The first parameter will be the ID string used in the [[URL]] at Twitter. The second parameter will be used as the [[link text]]. ; URLs : <code>[https://twitter.com/AcadiaU https://twitter.com/{{Highlight|AcadiaU}}]</code> ; Usage : <code><nowiki>* {{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | {{Highlight|AcadiaU}} | Acadia University }}</code> : <code><nowiki>* {{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= {{Highlight|AcadiaU}} | name= Acadia University }}</code> ; Output :* {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | AcadiaU | Acadia University }} :* {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= AcadiaU | name= Acadia University }} === No parameters and Wikidata property not defined === When used without an "id" parameter, this template will call data from [[Wikidata]], if available. If none is available, the category [[:Category:Twitter template missing ID and not in Wikidata]] will be applied and an error message will be displayed. ; Usage : <code><nowiki>* {{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code> ; Output :* {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} }} == TemplateData == {{TemplateData header}} <templatedata> { "description": "This template generates an external link to an account at Twitter.", "params": { "id": { "label": "ID", "aliases": [ "1" ], "description": "The username in the Twitter URL, such as AcadiaU in https://twitter.com/AcadiaU. This parameter is optional if Wikidata property P2002 exists, but required if not.", "default": "Wikidata property P2002", "example": "AcadiaU", "type": "string", "required": false }, "name": { "label": "Name", "aliases": [ "2" ], "description": "The name displayed as the link text. This parameter is optional; it defaults to the Wikipedia article name, without disambiguation.", "default": "{{PAGENAMEBASE}}", "example": "Acadia University", "type": "string", "required": false } }, "paramOrder": [ "id", "name" ] } </templatedata> ==Tracking categories== * {{clc|Twitter username different from Wikidata}} – ''comparison is [[case insensitive]], so [https://twitter.com/AcadiaU AcadiaU] matches [https://twitter.com/acadiau acadiau]'' * {{clc|Twitter username not in Wikidata}} * {{clc|Twitter template missing ID and not in Wikidata}} * {{clc|Pages using Twitter with unknown parameters}} ==See also== * {{tl|Cite Twitter profile}}, for use inside ref tags * {{tl|Tweet}} * {{tl|Cite tweet}} * [[Wikipedia:TWITTER]] * {{tl|Facebook}} * {{tl|Instagram}} * {{tl|Pinterest}} * {{tl|Tumblr}} * {{tl|flickr-inline}} * {{tl|flickr-inline2}} <includeonly>{{Sandbox other|| <!--Categories below this line, please; interwikis at Wikidata--> [[Category:Social media external link templates]] [[Category:People and person external link templates]] [[Category:External link templates using Wikidata]] [[Category:Templates that add a tracking category]] [[Category:Twitter templates]] }}</includeonly> nkzmiawx6jyvl0mrska40ur64esfjmp 696708 696707 2024-06-03T14:18:29Z Anoopspeaks 65146 Updated document 696708 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- Please place categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata (see [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]]) --> {{Warning|The [[Wikipedia:External links|external links guideline]] recommends [[WP:ELNO|avoiding links to Twitter]]. Only include links to social media if the subject is particularly known for using that social medium, '''and''' when the link provides the reader with significant unique content, '''and''' it is not easily linked from another link included in the article (i.e. if the individual's homepage is linked and ''that'' has a prominent link to a X feed, delete the X link here, see [[WP:ELMINOFFICIAL]]). Wikipedia is [[WP:NOTDIR|not a comprehensive directory of a subject's web presence]]. Only link to [[WP:ELOFFICIAL|official accounts]] "controlled by the subject (organization or individual person) of the Wikipedia article". Legitimate X accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]] or linked to by other subject-controlled sources.}} {{for multi|the template for embedding tweets in articles|Template:Tweet|the navbox|Template:X navbox}} {{see also|Template:Cite tweet|Wikipedia:External links/Perennial websites}} {{Template redirects|xsn|Twitter.com|Twitter user|Official Twitter page}} {{Uses Wikidata|P2002}} {{Tracks Wikidata|P2002}} {{Lua|Module:EditAtWikidata|Module:WikidataCheck}} {{high-use}} This template generates an external link to an account at [[X (social network)|X]]. It is designed to standardize the text and formatting of links to the legitimate X account profiles of persons or organizations with sufficient [[Wikipedia:Notability|notability]] to be the subject of a Wikipedia article. However, adding a X link is never mandatory and in certain cases should be discouraged. Note that ''very many'' fake Twitter accounts have been created as hoaxes, parodies, or attempts by fans to mimic a celebrity's style convincingly. Please make a detailed effort to verify the authenticity of any external links you wish to include. Legitimate Twitter accounts can be found through being named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], such as in newspaper stories about the subject, or linked to by other subject-controlled sources, such as the subject's legitimate website. [[Twitter verification#Since November 2022|Since November 2022]], an X account having a [[Twitter verification|verification badge]] no longer indicates any legitimacy, as it is now available to anyone with a [[Twitter Blue]] subscription. ==Usage summary== ; One parameter : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>xsn | <var>username</var> }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>xsn | id= <var>username</var> }}</code> ; Two parameters : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>xsn | <var>username</var> | <var>Displayed Name</var> }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>xsn | id= <var>username</var> | name= <var>Displayed Name</var> }}</code> ; Using Wikidata property : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>xsn<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>xsn | name= <var>Displayed Name</var> }}</code> ==Explanations and examples== === One parameter === Fill this parameter with the ID string used in the [[URL]] for the user's account profile on X. When one parameter is used, the [[link text]] is the title of the Wikipedia article where this template is used. ; URL : <code>[https://x.com/X https://x.com/{{Highlight|X}}]</code> ; Usage : <code><nowiki>* {{</nowiki>xsn | {{Highlight|X}} }}</code> : <code><nowiki>* {{</nowiki>xsn | id= {{Highlight|X}} }}</code> ; Output :* {{xsn|X}} :* {{ xsn | id= X }} Since "X" is the name of the Wikipedia page you now are looking at, the link above appears as "X on X" on this Wikipedia page. The lead name will change according to the name of the Wikipedia page. === Two parameters === The first parameter will be the ID string used in the [[URL]] at Twitter. The second parameter will be used as the [[link text]]. ; URLs : <code>[https://x.com/AcadiaU https://x.com/{{Highlight|AcadiaU}}]</code> ; Usage : <code><nowiki>* {{</nowiki>xsn | {{Highlight|AcadiaU}} | Acadia University }}</code> : <code><nowiki>* {{</nowiki>xsn | id= {{Highlight|AcadiaU}} | name= Acadia University }}</code> ; Output :* {{xsn | AcadiaU | Acadia University }} :* {{xsn | id= AcadiaU | name= Acadia University }} === No parameters and Wikidata property not defined === When used without an "id" parameter, this template will call data from [[Wikidata]], if available. If none is available, the category [[:Category:Twitter template missing ID and not in Wikidata]] will be applied and an error message will be displayed. ; Usage : <code><nowiki>* {{</nowiki>xsn<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code> ; Output :* {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} }} == TemplateData == {{TemplateData header}} <templatedata> { "description": "This template generates an external link to an account at X.", "params": { "id": { "label": "ID", "aliases": [ "1" ], "description": "The username in the X URL, such as AcadiaU in https://x.com/AcadiaU. This parameter is optional if Wikidata property P2002 exists, but required if not.", "default": "Wikidata property P2002", "example": "AcadiaU", "type": "string", "required": false }, "name": { "label": "Name", "aliases": [ "2" ], "description": "The name displayed as the link text. This parameter is optional; it defaults to the Wikipedia article name, without disambiguation.", "default": "{{PAGENAMEBASE}}", "example": "Acadia University", "type": "string", "required": false } }, "paramOrder": [ "id", "name" ] } </templatedata> ==Tracking categories== * {{clc|Twitter username different from Wikidata}} – ''comparison is [[case insensitive]], so [https://twitter.com/AcadiaU AcadiaU] matches [https://twitter.com/acadiau acadiau]'' * {{clc|Twitter username not in Wikidata}} * {{clc|Twitter template missing ID and not in Wikidata}} * {{clc|Pages using Twitter with unknown parameters}} ==See also== * {{tl|Cite Twitter profile}}, for use inside ref tags * {{tl|Tweet}} * {{tl|Cite tweet}} * [[Wikipedia:TWITTER]] * {{tl|Facebook}} * {{tl|Instagram}} * {{tl|Pinterest}} * {{tl|Tumblr}} * {{tl|flickr-inline}} * {{tl|flickr-inline2}} <includeonly>{{Sandbox other|| <!--Categories below this line, please; interwikis at Wikidata--> [[Category:Social media external link templates]] [[Category:People and person external link templates]] [[Category:External link templates using Wikidata]] [[Category:Templates that add a tracking category]] [[Category:Twitter templates]] }}</includeonly> 0mcmpizeqi7hug8dosbgwf1qj6s88a1 696709 696708 2024-06-03T14:21:37Z Anoopspeaks 65146 Fixed typo 696709 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- Please place categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata (see [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]]) --> {{Warning|The [[Wikipedia:External links|external links guideline]] recommends [[WP:ELNO|avoiding links to Twitter]]. Only include links to social media if the subject is particularly known for using that social medium, '''and''' when the link provides the reader with significant unique content, '''and''' it is not easily linked from another link included in the article (i.e. if the individual's homepage is linked and ''that'' has a prominent link to a X feed, delete the X link here, see [[WP:ELMINOFFICIAL]]). Wikipedia is [[WP:NOTDIR|not a comprehensive directory of a subject's web presence]]. Only link to [[WP:ELOFFICIAL|official accounts]] "controlled by the subject (organization or individual person) of the Wikipedia article". Legitimate X accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]] or linked to by other subject-controlled sources.}} {{for multi|the template for embedding tweets in articles|Template:Tweet|the navbox|Template:X navbox}} {{see also|Template:Cite tweet|Wikipedia:External links/Perennial websites}} {{Template redirects|xsn|Twitter.com|Twitter user|Official Twitter page}} {{Uses Wikidata|P2002}} {{Tracks Wikidata|P2002}} {{Lua|Module:EditAtWikidata|Module:WikidataCheck}} {{high-use}} This template generates an external link to an account at [[X (social network)|X]]. It is designed to standardize the text and formatting of links to the legitimate X account profiles of persons or organizations with sufficient [[Wikipedia:Notability|notability]] to be the subject of a Wikipedia article. However, adding a X link is never mandatory and in certain cases should be discouraged. Note that ''very many'' fake Twitter accounts have been created as hoaxes, parodies, or attempts by fans to mimic a celebrity's style convincingly. Please make a detailed effort to verify the authenticity of any external links you wish to include. Legitimate Twitter accounts can be found through being named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], such as in newspaper stories about the subject, or linked to by other subject-controlled sources, such as the subject's legitimate website. [[Twitter verification#Since November 2022|Since November 2022]], an X account having a [[Twitter verification|verification badge]] no longer indicates any legitimacy, as it is now available to anyone with a [[Twitter Blue]] subscription. ==Usage summary== ; One parameter : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>xsn | <var>username</var> }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>xsn | id= <var>username</var> }}</code> ; Two parameters : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>xsn | <var>username</var> | <var>Displayed Name</var> }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>xsn | id= <var>username</var> | name= <var>Displayed Name</var> }}</code> ; Using Wikidata property : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>xsn<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>xsn | name= <var>Displayed Name</var> }}</code> ==Explanations and examples== === One parameter === Fill this parameter with the ID string used in the [[URL]] for the user's account profile on X. When one parameter is used, the [[link text]] is the title of the Wikipedia article where this template is used. ; URL : <code>[https://x.com/X https://x.com/{{Highlight|X}}]</code> ; Usage : <code><nowiki>* {{</nowiki>xsn | {{Highlight|X}} }}</code> : <code><nowiki>* {{</nowiki>xsn | id= {{Highlight|X}} }}</code> ; Output :* {{xsn|X}} :* {{ xsn | id= X }} Since "X" is the name of the Wikipedia page you now are looking at, the link above appears as "X on X" on this Wikipedia page. The lead name will change according to the name of the Wikipedia page. === Two parameters === The first parameter will be the ID string used in the [[URL]] at Twitter. The second parameter will be used as the [[link text]]. ; URLs : <code>[https://x.com/AcadiaU https://x.com/{{Highlight|AcadiaU}}]</code> ; Usage : <code><nowiki>* {{</nowiki>xsn | {{Highlight|AcadiaU}} | Acadia University }}</code> : <code><nowiki>* {{</nowiki>xsn | id= {{Highlight|AcadiaU}} | name= Acadia University }}</code> ; Output :* {{xsn | AcadiaU | Acadia University }} :* {{xsn | id= AcadiaU | name= Acadia University }} === No parameters and Wikidata property not defined === When used without an "id" parameter, this template will call data from [[Wikidata]], if available. If none is available, the category [[:Category:Twitter template missing ID and not in Wikidata]] will be applied and an error message will be displayed. ; Usage : <code><nowiki>* {{</nowiki>xsn<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code> ; Output :* {{xsn}} == TemplateData == {{TemplateData header}} <templatedata> { "description": "This template generates an external link to an account at X.", "params": { "id": { "label": "ID", "aliases": [ "1" ], "description": "The username in the X URL, such as AcadiaU in https://x.com/AcadiaU. This parameter is optional if Wikidata property P2002 exists, but required if not.", "default": "Wikidata property P2002", "example": "AcadiaU", "type": "string", "required": false }, "name": { "label": "Name", "aliases": [ "2" ], "description": "The name displayed as the link text. This parameter is optional; it defaults to the Wikipedia article name, without disambiguation.", "default": "{{PAGENAMEBASE}}", "example": "Acadia University", "type": "string", "required": false } }, "paramOrder": [ "id", "name" ] } </templatedata> ==Tracking categories== * {{clc|Twitter username different from Wikidata}} – ''comparison is [[case insensitive]], so [https://twitter.com/AcadiaU AcadiaU] matches [https://twitter.com/acadiau acadiau]'' * {{clc|Twitter username not in Wikidata}} * {{clc|Twitter template missing ID and not in Wikidata}} * {{clc|Pages using Twitter with unknown parameters}} ==See also== * {{tl|Cite Twitter profile}}, for use inside ref tags * {{tl|Tweet}} * {{tl|Cite tweet}} * [[Wikipedia:TWITTER]] * {{tl|Facebook}} * {{tl|Instagram}} * {{tl|Pinterest}} * {{tl|Tumblr}} * {{tl|flickr-inline}} * {{tl|flickr-inline2}} <includeonly>{{Sandbox other|| <!--Categories below this line, please; interwikis at Wikidata--> [[Category:Social media external link templates]] [[Category:People and person external link templates]] [[Category:External link templates using Wikidata]] [[Category:Templates that add a tracking category]] [[Category:Twitter templates]] }}</includeonly> nwf1gwtvarf6wy5ijuerw7xjzu848gn 696710 696709 2024-07-01T16:23:03Z WhatamIdoing 5550 Use as refs has different rules 696710 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- Please place categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata (see [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]]) --> {{Warning|The [[Wikipedia:External links|external links guideline]] recommends [[WP:ELNO|avoiding ==External links== to Twitter]]. Only include links to social media if the subject is particularly known for using that social medium, '''and''' when the link provides the reader with significant unique content, '''and''' it is not easily linked from another link included in the article (i.e. if the individual's homepage is linked and ''that'' has a prominent link to a X feed, delete the X link here, see [[WP:ELMINOFFICIAL]]). Wikipedia is [[WP:NOTDIR|not a comprehensive directory of a subject's web presence]]. Only link to [[WP:ELOFFICIAL|official accounts]] "controlled by the subject (organization or individual person) of the Wikipedia article". Legitimate X accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]] or linked to by other subject-controlled sources.}} {{for multi|the template for embedding tweets in articles|Template:Tweet|the navbox|Template:X navbox}} {{see also|Template:Cite tweet|Wikipedia:External links/Perennial websites}} {{Template redirects|xsn|Twitter.com|Twitter user|Official Twitter page}} {{Uses Wikidata|P2002}} {{Tracks Wikidata|P2002}} {{Lua|Module:EditAtWikidata|Module:WikidataCheck}} {{high-use}} This template generates an external link to an account at [[X (social network)|X]]. It is designed to standardize the text and formatting of links to the legitimate X account profiles of persons or organizations with sufficient [[Wikipedia:Notability|notability]] to be the subject of a Wikipedia article. However, adding a X link is never mandatory and in certain cases should be discouraged. Note that ''very many'' fake Twitter accounts have been created as hoaxes, parodies, or attempts by fans to mimic a celebrity's style convincingly. Please make a detailed effort to verify the authenticity of any external links you wish to include. Legitimate Twitter accounts can be found through being named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], such as in newspaper stories about the subject, or linked to by other subject-controlled sources, such as the subject's legitimate website. [[Twitter verification#Since November 2022|Since November 2022]], an X account having a [[Twitter verification|verification badge]] no longer indicates any legitimacy, as it is now available to anyone with a [[Twitter Blue]] subscription. ==Usage summary== ; One parameter : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>xsn | <var>username</var> }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>xsn | id= <var>username</var> }}</code> ; Two parameters : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>xsn | <var>username</var> | <var>Displayed Name</var> }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>xsn | id= <var>username</var> | name= <var>Displayed Name</var> }}</code> ; Using Wikidata property : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>xsn<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>xsn | name= <var>Displayed Name</var> }}</code> ==Explanations and examples== === One parameter === Fill this parameter with the ID string used in the [[URL]] for the user's account profile on X. When one parameter is used, the [[link text]] is the title of the Wikipedia article where this template is used. ; URL : <code>[https://x.com/X https://x.com/{{Highlight|X}}]</code> ; Usage : <code><nowiki>* {{</nowiki>xsn | {{Highlight|X}} }}</code> : <code><nowiki>* {{</nowiki>xsn | id= {{Highlight|X}} }}</code> ; Output :* {{xsn|X}} :* {{ xsn | id= X }} Since "X" is the name of the Wikipedia page you now are looking at, the link above appears as "X on X" on this Wikipedia page. The lead name will change according to the name of the Wikipedia page. === Two parameters === The first parameter will be the ID string used in the [[URL]] at Twitter. The second parameter will be used as the [[link text]]. ; URLs : <code>[https://x.com/AcadiaU https://x.com/{{Highlight|AcadiaU}}]</code> ; Usage : <code><nowiki>* {{</nowiki>xsn | {{Highlight|AcadiaU}} | Acadia University }}</code> : <code><nowiki>* {{</nowiki>xsn | id= {{Highlight|AcadiaU}} | name= Acadia University }}</code> ; Output :* {{xsn | AcadiaU | Acadia University }} :* {{xsn | id= AcadiaU | name= Acadia University }} === No parameters and Wikidata property not defined === When used without an "id" parameter, this template will call data from [[Wikidata]], if available. If none is available, the category [[:Category:Twitter template missing ID and not in Wikidata]] will be applied and an error message will be displayed. ; Usage : <code><nowiki>* {{</nowiki>xsn<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code> ; Output :* {{xsn}} == TemplateData == {{TemplateData header}} <templatedata> { "description": "This template generates an external link to an account at X.", "params": { "id": { "label": "ID", "aliases": [ "1" ], "description": "The username in the X URL, such as AcadiaU in https://x.com/AcadiaU. This parameter is optional if Wikidata property P2002 exists, but required if not.", "default": "Wikidata property P2002", "example": "AcadiaU", "type": "string", "required": false }, "name": { "label": "Name", "aliases": [ "2" ], "description": "The name displayed as the link text. This parameter is optional; it defaults to the Wikipedia article name, without disambiguation.", "default": "{{PAGENAMEBASE}}", "example": "Acadia University", "type": "string", "required": false } }, "paramOrder": [ "id", "name" ] } </templatedata> ==Tracking categories== * {{clc|Twitter username different from Wikidata}} – ''comparison is [[case insensitive]], so [https://twitter.com/AcadiaU AcadiaU] matches [https://twitter.com/acadiau acadiau]'' * {{clc|Twitter username not in Wikidata}} * {{clc|Twitter template missing ID and not in Wikidata}} * {{clc|Pages using Twitter with unknown parameters}} ==See also== * {{tl|Cite Twitter profile}}, for use inside ref tags * {{tl|Tweet}} * {{tl|Cite tweet}} * [[Wikipedia:TWITTER]] * {{tl|Facebook}} * {{tl|Instagram}} * {{tl|Pinterest}} * {{tl|Tumblr}} * {{tl|flickr-inline}} * {{tl|flickr-inline2}} <includeonly>{{Sandbox other|| <!--Categories below this line, please; interwikis at Wikidata--> [[Category:Social media external link templates]] [[Category:People and person external link templates]] [[Category:External link templates using Wikidata]] [[Category:Templates that add a tracking category]] [[Category:Twitter templates]] }}</includeonly> egt6d6ynmo8s2itknn9grwxj59fhmvs 696711 696710 2024-09-05T20:08:34Z Paine Ellsworth 4319 hatnotes to TOP per [[WP:HN]] + fmt 696711 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- Please place categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata (see [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]]) --> {{for multi|the template for embedding tweets in articles|Template:Tweet|the navbox|Template:X navbox}} {{see also|Template:Cite tweet|Wikipedia:External links/Perennial websites}} {{high-use}} {{Warning|The [[Wikipedia:External links|external links guideline]] recommends [[WP:ELNO|avoiding ==External links== to Twitter]]. Only include links to social media if the subject is particularly known for using that social medium, '''and''' when the link provides the reader with significant unique content, '''and''' it is not easily linked from another link included in the article (i.e. if the individual's homepage is linked and ''that'' has a prominent link to a X feed, delete the X link here, see [[WP:ELMINOFFICIAL]]). Wikipedia is [[WP:NOTDIR|not a comprehensive directory of a subject's web presence]]. Only link to [[WP:ELOFFICIAL|official accounts]] "controlled by the subject (organization or individual person) of the Wikipedia article". Legitimate X accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]] or linked to by other subject-controlled sources.}} {{Template redirects|xsn|Twitter.com|Twitter user|Official Twitter page}} {{Uses Wikidata|P2002}} {{Tracks Wikidata|P2002}} {{Lua|Module:EditAtWikidata|Module:WikidataCheck}} This template generates an external link to an account at [[X (social network)|X]]. It is designed to standardize the text and formatting of links to the legitimate X account profiles of persons or organizations with sufficient [[Wikipedia:Notability|notability]] to be the subject of a Wikipedia article. However, adding a X link is never mandatory and in certain cases should be discouraged. Note that ''very many'' fake Twitter accounts have been created as hoaxes, parodies, or attempts by fans to mimic a celebrity's style convincingly. Please make a detailed effort to verify the authenticity of any external links you wish to include. Legitimate Twitter accounts can be found through being named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], such as in newspaper stories about the subject, or linked to by other subject-controlled sources, such as the subject's legitimate website. [[Twitter verification#Since November 2022|Since November 2022]], an X account having a [[Twitter verification|verification badge]] no longer indicates any legitimacy, as it is now available to anyone with a [[Twitter Blue]] subscription. ==Usage summary== ; One parameter : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>xsn | <var>username</var> }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>xsn | id= <var>username</var> }}</code> ; Two parameters : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>xsn | <var>username</var> | <var>Displayed Name</var> }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>xsn | id= <var>username</var> | name= <var>Displayed Name</var> }}</code> ; Using Wikidata property : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>xsn<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>xsn | name= <var>Displayed Name</var> }}</code> ==Explanations and examples== === One parameter === Fill this parameter with the ID string used in the [[URL]] for the user's account profile on X. When one parameter is used, the [[link text]] is the title of the Wikipedia article where this template is used. ; URL : <code>[https://x.com/X https://x.com/{{Highlight|X}}]</code> ; Usage : <code><nowiki>* {{</nowiki>xsn | {{Highlight|X}} }}</code> : <code><nowiki>* {{</nowiki>xsn | id= {{Highlight|X}} }}</code> ; Output :* {{xsn|X}} :* {{ xsn | id= X }} Since "X" is the name of the Wikipedia page you now are looking at, the link above appears as "X on X" on this Wikipedia page. The lead name will change according to the name of the Wikipedia page. === Two parameters === The first parameter will be the ID string used in the [[URL]] at Twitter. The second parameter will be used as the [[link text]]. ; URLs : <code>[https://x.com/AcadiaU https://x.com/{{Highlight|AcadiaU}}]</code> ; Usage : <code><nowiki>* {{</nowiki>xsn | {{Highlight|AcadiaU}} | Acadia University }}</code> : <code><nowiki>* {{</nowiki>xsn | id= {{Highlight|AcadiaU}} | name= Acadia University }}</code> ; Output :* {{xsn | AcadiaU | Acadia University }} :* {{xsn | id= AcadiaU | name= Acadia University }} === No parameters and Wikidata property not defined === When used without an "id" parameter, this template will call data from [[Wikidata]], if available. If none is available, the category [[:Category:Twitter template missing ID and not in Wikidata]] will be applied and an error message will be displayed. ; Usage : <code><nowiki>* {{</nowiki>xsn<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code> ; Output :* {{xsn}} == TemplateData == {{TemplateData header}} <templatedata> { "description": "This template generates an external link to an account at X.", "params": { "id": { "label": "ID", "aliases": [ "1" ], "description": "The username in the X URL, such as AcadiaU in https://x.com/AcadiaU. This parameter is optional if Wikidata property P2002 exists, but required if not.", "default": "Wikidata property P2002", "example": "AcadiaU", "type": "string", "required": false }, "name": { "label": "Name", "aliases": [ "2" ], "description": "The name displayed as the link text. This parameter is optional; it defaults to the Wikipedia article name, without disambiguation.", "default": "{{PAGENAMEBASE}}", "example": "Acadia University", "type": "string", "required": false } }, "paramOrder": [ "id", "name" ] } </templatedata> ==Tracking categories== * {{clc|Twitter username different from Wikidata}} – ''comparison is [[case insensitive]], so [https://twitter.com/AcadiaU AcadiaU] matches [https://twitter.com/acadiau acadiau]'' * {{clc|Twitter username not in Wikidata}} * {{clc|Twitter template missing ID and not in Wikidata}} * {{clc|Pages using Twitter with unknown parameters}} ==See also== * {{tl|Cite Twitter profile}}, for use inside ref tags * {{tl|Tweet}} * {{tl|Cite tweet}} * [[Wikipedia:TWITTER]] * {{tl|Facebook}} * {{tl|Instagram}} * {{tl|Pinterest}} * {{tl|Tumblr}} * {{tl|flickr-inline}} * {{tl|flickr-inline2}} <includeonly>{{Sandbox other|| <!--Categories below this line, please; interwikis at Wikidata--> [[Category:Social media external link templates]] [[Category:People and person external link templates]] [[Category:External link templates using Wikidata]] [[Category:Templates that add a tracking category]] [[Category:Twitter templates]] }}</includeonly> 564bw1xzqbttc803xy2ejs6g27anhwd 696712 696711 2024-09-08T21:38:58Z Opencooper 57066 reverting changes to name "X" by Anoopspeaks; not sure why {{xsn}} was prioritized as the template name in the docs 696712 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- Please place categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata (see [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]]) --> {{for multi|the template for embedding tweets in articles|Template:Tweet|the navbox|Template:Twitter navbox}} {{see also|Template:Cite tweet|Wikipedia:External links/Perennial websites}} {{high-use}} {{Warning|The [[Wikipedia:External links|external links guideline]] recommends [[WP:ELNO|avoiding ==External links== to Twitter]]. Only include links to social media if the subject is particularly known for using that social medium, '''and''' when the link provides the reader with significant unique content, '''and''' it is not easily linked from another link included in the article (i.e. if the individual's homepage is linked and ''that'' has a prominent link to a Twitter feed, delete the Twitter link here, see [[WP:ELMINOFFICIAL]]). Wikipedia is [[WP:NOTDIR|not a comprehensive directory of a subject's web presence]]. Only link to [[WP:ELOFFICIAL|official accounts]] "controlled by the subject (organization or individual person) of the Wikipedia article". Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]] or linked to by other subject-controlled sources.}} {{Template redirects|Twitter.com|Twitter user|Official Twitter page|xsn}} {{Uses Wikidata|P2002}} {{Tracks Wikidata|P2002}} {{Lua|Module:EditAtWikidata|Module:WikidataCheck}} This template generates an external link to an account at [[Twitter]]. It is designed to standardize the text and formatting of links to the legitimate Twitter account profiles of persons or organizations with sufficient [[Wikipedia:Notability|notability]] to be the subject of a Wikipedia article. However, adding a Twitter link is never mandatory and in certain cases should be discouraged. Note that ''very many'' fake Twitter accounts have been created as hoaxes, parodies, or attempts by fans to mimic a celebrity's style convincingly. Please make a detailed effort to verify the authenticity of any external links you wish to include. Legitimate Twitter accounts can be found through being named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], such as in newspaper stories about the subject, or linked to by other subject-controlled sources, such as the subject's legitimate website. [[Twitter verification#Since November 2022|Since November 2022]], a Twitter account having a [[Twitter verification|verification badge]] no longer indicates any legitimacy, as it is now available to anyone with a [[Twitter Blue]] subscription. ==Usage summary== ; One parameter : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | <var>username</var> }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= <var>username</var> }}</code> ; Two parameters : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | <var>username</var> | <var>Displayed Name</var> }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= <var>username</var> | name= <var>Displayed Name</var> }}</code> ; Using Wikidata property : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | name= <var>Displayed Name</var> }}</code> ==Explanations and examples== === One parameter === Fill this parameter with the ID string used in the [[URL]] for the user's account profile on Twitter. When one parameter is used, the [[link text]] is the title of the Wikipedia article where this template is used. ; URL : <code>[https://x.com/Twitter https://x.com/{{Highlight|Twitter}}]</code> ; Usage : <code><nowiki>* {{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | {{Highlight|Twitter}} }}</code> : <code><nowiki>* {{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= {{Highlight|Twitter}} }}</code> ; Output :* {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | Twitter }} :* {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= Twitter }} Since "Twitter" is the name of the Wikipedia page you now are looking at, the link above appears as "Twitter on Twitter" on this Wikipedia page. The lead name will change according to the name of the Wikipedia page. === Two parameters === The first parameter will be the ID string used in the [[URL]] at Twitter. The second parameter will be used as the [[link text]]. ; URLs : <code>[https://x.com/AcadiaU https://x.com/{{Highlight|AcadiaU}}]</code> ; Usage : <code><nowiki>* {{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | {{Highlight|AcadiaU}} | Acadia University }}</code> : <code><nowiki>* {{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= {{Highlight|AcadiaU}} | name= Acadia University }}</code> ; Output :* {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | AcadiaU | Acadia University }} :* {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= AcadiaU | name= Acadia University }} === No parameters and Wikidata property not defined === When used without an "id" parameter, this template will call data from [[Wikidata]], if available. If none is available, the category [[:Category:Twitter template missing ID and not in Wikidata]] will be applied and an error message will be displayed. ; Usage : <code><nowiki>* {{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code> ; Output :* {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} }} == TemplateData == {{TemplateData header}} <templatedata> { "description": "This template generates an external link to an account at Twitter.", "params": { "id": { "label": "ID", "aliases": [ "1" ], "description": "The username in the Twitter URL, such as AcadiaU in https://x.com/AcadiaU. This parameter is optional if Wikidata property P2002 exists, but required if not.", "default": "Wikidata property P2002", "example": "AcadiaU", "type": "string", "required": false }, "name": { "label": "Name", "aliases": [ "2" ], "description": "The name displayed as the link text. This parameter is optional; it defaults to the Wikipedia article name, without disambiguation.", "default": "{{PAGENAMEBASE}}", "example": "Acadia University", "type": "string", "required": false } }, "paramOrder": [ "id", "name" ] } </templatedata> ==Tracking categories== * {{clc|Twitter username different from Wikidata}} – ''comparison is [[case insensitive]], so [https://x.com/AcadiaU AcadiaU] matches [https://x.com/acadiau acadiau]'' * {{clc|Twitter username not in Wikidata}} * {{clc|Twitter template missing ID and not in Wikidata}} * {{clc|Pages using Twitter with unknown parameters}} ==See also== * {{tl|Cite Twitter profile}}, for use inside ref tags * {{tl|Tweet}} * {{tl|Cite tweet}} * [[Wikipedia:TWITTER]] * {{tl|Facebook}} * {{tl|Instagram}} * {{tl|Pinterest}} * {{tl|Tumblr}} * {{tl|flickr-inline}} * {{tl|flickr-inline2}} <includeonly>{{Sandbox other|| <!--Categories below this line, please; interwikis at Wikidata--> [[Category:Social media external link templates]] [[Category:People and person external link templates]] [[Category:External link templates using Wikidata]] [[Category:Templates that add a tracking category]] [[Category:Twitter templates]] }}</includeonly> ouxr84pratitkye3eq7z9ev6zk65vvb 696713 696712 2024-12-31T18:53:38Z Zyxw 14644 merge templates 696713 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- Please place categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata (see [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]]) --> {{for multi|the template for embedding tweets in articles|Template:Tweet|the navbox|Template:Twitter navbox}} {{see also|Template:Cite tweet|Wikipedia:External links/Perennial websites}} {{high-use}} {{Warning|The [[Wikipedia:External links|external links guideline]] recommends [[WP:ELNO|avoiding ==External links== to Twitter]]. Only include links to social media if the subject is particularly known for using that social medium, '''and''' when the link provides the reader with significant unique content, '''and''' it is not easily linked from another link included in the article (i.e. if the individual's homepage is linked and ''that'' has a prominent link to a Twitter feed, delete the Twitter link here, see [[WP:ELMINOFFICIAL]]). Wikipedia is [[WP:NOTDIR|not a comprehensive directory of a subject's web presence]]. Only link to [[WP:ELOFFICIAL|official accounts]] "controlled by the subject (organization or individual person) of the Wikipedia article". Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]] or linked to by other subject-controlled sources.}} {{Template redirects|Twitter.com|Twitter user|Official Twitter page|xsn}} {{Tracks and uses Wikidata|P2002}} {{Lua|Module:EditAtWikidata|Module:WikidataCheck}} This template generates an external link to an account at [[Twitter]]. It is designed to standardize the text and formatting of links to the legitimate Twitter account profiles of persons or organizations with sufficient [[Wikipedia:Notability|notability]] to be the subject of a Wikipedia article. However, adding a Twitter link is never mandatory and in certain cases should be discouraged. Note that ''very many'' fake Twitter accounts have been created as hoaxes, parodies, or attempts by fans to mimic a celebrity's style convincingly. Please make a detailed effort to verify the authenticity of any external links you wish to include. Legitimate Twitter accounts can be found through being named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], such as in newspaper stories about the subject, or linked to by other subject-controlled sources, such as the subject's legitimate website. [[Twitter verification#Since November 2022|Since November 2022]], a Twitter account having a [[Twitter verification|verification badge]] no longer indicates any legitimacy, as it is now available to anyone with a [[Twitter Blue]] subscription. ==Usage summary== ; One parameter : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | <var>username</var> }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= <var>username</var> }}</code> ; Two parameters : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | <var>username</var> | <var>Displayed Name</var> }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= <var>username</var> | name= <var>Displayed Name</var> }}</code> ; Using Wikidata property : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | name= <var>Displayed Name</var> }}</code> ==Explanations and examples== === One parameter === Fill this parameter with the ID string used in the [[URL]] for the user's account profile on Twitter. When one parameter is used, the [[link text]] is the title of the Wikipedia article where this template is used. ; URL : <code>[https://x.com/Twitter https://x.com/{{Highlight|Twitter}}]</code> ; Usage : <code><nowiki>* {{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | {{Highlight|Twitter}} }}</code> : <code><nowiki>* {{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= {{Highlight|Twitter}} }}</code> ; Output :* {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | Twitter }} :* {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= Twitter }} Since "Twitter" is the name of the Wikipedia page you now are looking at, the link above appears as "Twitter on Twitter" on this Wikipedia page. The lead name will change according to the name of the Wikipedia page. === Two parameters === The first parameter will be the ID string used in the [[URL]] at Twitter. The second parameter will be used as the [[link text]]. ; URLs : <code>[https://x.com/AcadiaU https://x.com/{{Highlight|AcadiaU}}]</code> ; Usage : <code><nowiki>* {{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | {{Highlight|AcadiaU}} | Acadia University }}</code> : <code><nowiki>* {{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= {{Highlight|AcadiaU}} | name= Acadia University }}</code> ; Output :* {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | AcadiaU | Acadia University }} :* {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= AcadiaU | name= Acadia University }} === No parameters and Wikidata property not defined === When used without an "id" parameter, this template will call data from [[Wikidata]], if available. If none is available, the category [[:Category:Twitter template missing ID and not in Wikidata]] will be applied and an error message will be displayed. ; Usage : <code><nowiki>* {{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code> ; Output :* {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} }} == TemplateData == {{TemplateData header}} <templatedata> { "description": "This template generates an external link to an account at Twitter.", "params": { "id": { "label": "ID", "aliases": [ "1" ], "description": "The username in the Twitter URL, such as AcadiaU in https://x.com/AcadiaU. This parameter is optional if Wikidata property P2002 exists, but required if not.", "default": "Wikidata property P2002", "example": "AcadiaU", "type": "string", "required": false }, "name": { "label": "Name", "aliases": [ "2" ], "description": "The name displayed as the link text. This parameter is optional; it defaults to the Wikipedia article name, without disambiguation.", "default": "{{PAGENAMEBASE}}", "example": "Acadia University", "type": "string", "required": false } }, "paramOrder": [ "id", "name" ] } </templatedata> ==Tracking categories== * {{clc|Twitter username different from Wikidata}} – ''comparison is [[case insensitive]], so [https://x.com/AcadiaU AcadiaU] matches [https://x.com/acadiau acadiau]'' * {{clc|Twitter username not in Wikidata}} * {{clc|Twitter template missing ID and not in Wikidata}} * {{clc|Pages using Twitter with unknown parameters}} ==See also== * {{tl|Cite Twitter profile}}, for use inside ref tags * {{tl|Tweet}} * {{tl|Cite tweet}} * [[Wikipedia:TWITTER]] * {{tl|Facebook}} * {{tl|Instagram}} * {{tl|Pinterest}} * {{tl|Tumblr}} * {{tl|flickr-inline}} * {{tl|flickr-inline2}} <includeonly>{{Sandbox other|| <!--Categories below this line, please; interwikis at Wikidata--> [[Category:Social media external link templates]] [[Category:People and person external link templates]] [[Category:External link templates using Wikidata]] [[Category:Templates that add a tracking category]] [[Category:Twitter templates]] }}</includeonly> lgwcjermaecz0ivvfeyvd5vixxzmfri 696714 696713 2025-06-04T08:15:48Z SilviaASH 62637 add link to wiki article about the topic 696714 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- Please place categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata (see [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]]) --> {{for multi|the template for embedding tweets in articles|Template:Tweet|the navbox|Template:Twitter navbox}} {{see also|Template:Cite tweet|Wikipedia:External links/Perennial websites}} {{high-use}} {{Warning|The [[Wikipedia:External links|external links guideline]] recommends [[WP:ELNO|avoiding ==External links== to Twitter]]. Only include links to social media if the subject is particularly known for using that social medium, '''and''' when the link provides the reader with significant unique content, '''and''' it is not easily linked from another link included in the article (i.e. if the individual's homepage is linked and ''that'' has a prominent link to a Twitter feed, delete the Twitter link here, see [[WP:ELMINOFFICIAL]]). Wikipedia is [[WP:NOTDIR|not a comprehensive directory of a subject's web presence]]. Only link to [[WP:ELOFFICIAL|official accounts]] "controlled by the subject (organization or individual person) of the Wikipedia article". Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]] or linked to by other subject-controlled sources.}} {{Template redirects|Twitter.com|Twitter user|Official Twitter page|xsn}} {{Tracks and uses Wikidata|P2002}} {{Lua|Module:EditAtWikidata|Module:WikidataCheck}} This template generates an external link to an account at [[Twitter]]. It is designed to standardize the text and formatting of links to the legitimate Twitter account profiles of persons or organizations with sufficient [[Wikipedia:Notability|notability]] to be the subject of a Wikipedia article. However, adding a Twitter link is never mandatory and in certain cases should be discouraged. Note that ''very many'' fake Twitter accounts have been created as hoaxes, [[Parody account|parodies]], or attempts by fans to mimic a celebrity's style convincingly. Please make a detailed effort to verify the authenticity of any external links you wish to include. Legitimate Twitter accounts can be found through being named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], such as in newspaper stories about the subject, or linked to by other subject-controlled sources, such as the subject's legitimate website. [[Twitter verification#Since November 2022|Since November 2022]], a Twitter account having a [[Twitter verification|verification badge]] no longer indicates any legitimacy, as it is now available to anyone with a [[Twitter Blue]] subscription. ==Usage summary== ; One parameter : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | <var>username</var> }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= <var>username</var> }}</code> ; Two parameters : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | <var>username</var> | <var>Displayed Name</var> }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= <var>username</var> | name= <var>Displayed Name</var> }}</code> ; Using Wikidata property : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | name= <var>Displayed Name</var> }}</code> ==Explanations and examples== === One parameter === Fill this parameter with the ID string used in the [[URL]] for the user's account profile on Twitter. When one parameter is used, the [[link text]] is the title of the Wikipedia article where this template is used. ; URL : <code>[https://x.com/Twitter https://x.com/{{Highlight|Twitter}}]</code> ; Usage : <code><nowiki>* {{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | {{Highlight|Twitter}} }}</code> : <code><nowiki>* {{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= {{Highlight|Twitter}} }}</code> ; Output :* {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | Twitter }} :* {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= Twitter }} Since "Twitter" is the name of the Wikipedia page you now are looking at, the link above appears as "Twitter on Twitter" on this Wikipedia page. The lead name will change according to the name of the Wikipedia page. === Two parameters === The first parameter will be the ID string used in the [[URL]] at Twitter. The second parameter will be used as the [[link text]]. ; URLs : <code>[https://x.com/AcadiaU https://x.com/{{Highlight|AcadiaU}}]</code> ; Usage : <code><nowiki>* {{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | {{Highlight|AcadiaU}} | Acadia University }}</code> : <code><nowiki>* {{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= {{Highlight|AcadiaU}} | name= Acadia University }}</code> ; Output :* {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | AcadiaU | Acadia University }} :* {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= AcadiaU | name= Acadia University }} === No parameters and Wikidata property not defined === When used without an "id" parameter, this template will call data from [[Wikidata]], if available. If none is available, the category [[:Category:Twitter template missing ID and not in Wikidata]] will be applied and an error message will be displayed. ; Usage : <code><nowiki>* {{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code> ; Output :* {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} }} == TemplateData == {{TemplateData header}} <templatedata> { "description": "This template generates an external link to an account at Twitter.", "params": { "id": { "label": "ID", "aliases": [ "1" ], "description": "The username in the Twitter URL, such as AcadiaU in https://x.com/AcadiaU. This parameter is optional if Wikidata property P2002 exists, but required if not.", "default": "Wikidata property P2002", "example": "AcadiaU", "type": "string", "required": false }, "name": { "label": "Name", "aliases": [ "2" ], "description": "The name displayed as the link text. This parameter is optional; it defaults to the Wikipedia article name, without disambiguation.", "default": "{{PAGENAMEBASE}}", "example": "Acadia University", "type": "string", "required": false } }, "paramOrder": [ "id", "name" ] } </templatedata> ==Tracking categories== * {{clc|Twitter username different from Wikidata}} – ''comparison is [[case insensitive]], so [https://x.com/AcadiaU AcadiaU] matches [https://x.com/acadiau acadiau]'' * {{clc|Twitter username not in Wikidata}} * {{clc|Twitter template missing ID and not in Wikidata}} * {{clc|Pages using Twitter with unknown parameters}} ==See also== * {{tl|Cite Twitter profile}}, for use inside ref tags * {{tl|Tweet}} * {{tl|Cite tweet}} * [[Wikipedia:TWITTER]] * {{tl|Facebook}} * {{tl|Instagram}} * {{tl|Pinterest}} * {{tl|Tumblr}} * {{tl|flickr-inline}} * {{tl|flickr-inline2}} <includeonly>{{Sandbox other|| <!--Categories below this line, please; interwikis at Wikidata--> [[Category:Social media external link templates]] [[Category:People and person external link templates]] [[Category:External link templates using Wikidata]] [[Category:Templates that add a tracking category]] [[Category:Twitter templates]] }}</includeonly> qj78xct577wr62d92kp3i1apr789f03 696715 696714 2026-03-18T05:49:20Z Extraordinary Writ 12796 Extraordinary Writ moved page [[Template:Twitter/doc]] to [[Template:X profile/doc]]: [[Special:Permalink/1344082405#985|Requested]] by Jeffrey34555 at [[WP:RM/TR]]: Per consensus at [[Special:Permalink/1343885455#Requested move 9 March 2026]]. 696714 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- Please place categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata (see [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]]) --> {{for multi|the template for embedding tweets in articles|Template:Tweet|the navbox|Template:Twitter navbox}} {{see also|Template:Cite tweet|Wikipedia:External links/Perennial websites}} {{high-use}} {{Warning|The [[Wikipedia:External links|external links guideline]] recommends [[WP:ELNO|avoiding ==External links== to Twitter]]. Only include links to social media if the subject is particularly known for using that social medium, '''and''' when the link provides the reader with significant unique content, '''and''' it is not easily linked from another link included in the article (i.e. if the individual's homepage is linked and ''that'' has a prominent link to a Twitter feed, delete the Twitter link here, see [[WP:ELMINOFFICIAL]]). Wikipedia is [[WP:NOTDIR|not a comprehensive directory of a subject's web presence]]. Only link to [[WP:ELOFFICIAL|official accounts]] "controlled by the subject (organization or individual person) of the Wikipedia article". Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]] or linked to by other subject-controlled sources.}} {{Template redirects|Twitter.com|Twitter user|Official Twitter page|xsn}} {{Tracks and uses Wikidata|P2002}} {{Lua|Module:EditAtWikidata|Module:WikidataCheck}} This template generates an external link to an account at [[Twitter]]. It is designed to standardize the text and formatting of links to the legitimate Twitter account profiles of persons or organizations with sufficient [[Wikipedia:Notability|notability]] to be the subject of a Wikipedia article. However, adding a Twitter link is never mandatory and in certain cases should be discouraged. Note that ''very many'' fake Twitter accounts have been created as hoaxes, [[Parody account|parodies]], or attempts by fans to mimic a celebrity's style convincingly. Please make a detailed effort to verify the authenticity of any external links you wish to include. Legitimate Twitter accounts can be found through being named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], such as in newspaper stories about the subject, or linked to by other subject-controlled sources, such as the subject's legitimate website. [[Twitter verification#Since November 2022|Since November 2022]], a Twitter account having a [[Twitter verification|verification badge]] no longer indicates any legitimacy, as it is now available to anyone with a [[Twitter Blue]] subscription. ==Usage summary== ; One parameter : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | <var>username</var> }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= <var>username</var> }}</code> ; Two parameters : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | <var>username</var> | <var>Displayed Name</var> }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= <var>username</var> | name= <var>Displayed Name</var> }}</code> ; Using Wikidata property : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | name= <var>Displayed Name</var> }}</code> ==Explanations and examples== === One parameter === Fill this parameter with the ID string used in the [[URL]] for the user's account profile on Twitter. When one parameter is used, the [[link text]] is the title of the Wikipedia article where this template is used. ; URL : <code>[https://x.com/Twitter https://x.com/{{Highlight|Twitter}}]</code> ; Usage : <code><nowiki>* {{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | {{Highlight|Twitter}} }}</code> : <code><nowiki>* {{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= {{Highlight|Twitter}} }}</code> ; Output :* {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | Twitter }} :* {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= Twitter }} Since "Twitter" is the name of the Wikipedia page you now are looking at, the link above appears as "Twitter on Twitter" on this Wikipedia page. The lead name will change according to the name of the Wikipedia page. === Two parameters === The first parameter will be the ID string used in the [[URL]] at Twitter. The second parameter will be used as the [[link text]]. ; URLs : <code>[https://x.com/AcadiaU https://x.com/{{Highlight|AcadiaU}}]</code> ; Usage : <code><nowiki>* {{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | {{Highlight|AcadiaU}} | Acadia University }}</code> : <code><nowiki>* {{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= {{Highlight|AcadiaU}} | name= Acadia University }}</code> ; Output :* {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | AcadiaU | Acadia University }} :* {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= AcadiaU | name= Acadia University }} === No parameters and Wikidata property not defined === When used without an "id" parameter, this template will call data from [[Wikidata]], if available. If none is available, the category [[:Category:Twitter template missing ID and not in Wikidata]] will be applied and an error message will be displayed. ; Usage : <code><nowiki>* {{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code> ; Output :* {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} }} == TemplateData == {{TemplateData header}} <templatedata> { "description": "This template generates an external link to an account at Twitter.", "params": { "id": { "label": "ID", "aliases": [ "1" ], "description": "The username in the Twitter URL, such as AcadiaU in https://x.com/AcadiaU. This parameter is optional if Wikidata property P2002 exists, but required if not.", "default": "Wikidata property P2002", "example": "AcadiaU", "type": "string", "required": false }, "name": { "label": "Name", "aliases": [ "2" ], "description": "The name displayed as the link text. This parameter is optional; it defaults to the Wikipedia article name, without disambiguation.", "default": "{{PAGENAMEBASE}}", "example": "Acadia University", "type": "string", "required": false } }, "paramOrder": [ "id", "name" ] } </templatedata> ==Tracking categories== * {{clc|Twitter username different from Wikidata}} – ''comparison is [[case insensitive]], so [https://x.com/AcadiaU AcadiaU] matches [https://x.com/acadiau acadiau]'' * {{clc|Twitter username not in Wikidata}} * {{clc|Twitter template missing ID and not in Wikidata}} * {{clc|Pages using Twitter with unknown parameters}} ==See also== * {{tl|Cite Twitter profile}}, for use inside ref tags * {{tl|Tweet}} * {{tl|Cite tweet}} * [[Wikipedia:TWITTER]] * {{tl|Facebook}} * {{tl|Instagram}} * {{tl|Pinterest}} * {{tl|Tumblr}} * {{tl|flickr-inline}} * {{tl|flickr-inline2}} <includeonly>{{Sandbox other|| <!--Categories below this line, please; interwikis at Wikidata--> [[Category:Social media external link templates]] [[Category:People and person external link templates]] [[Category:External link templates using Wikidata]] [[Category:Templates that add a tracking category]] [[Category:Twitter templates]] }}</includeonly> qj78xct577wr62d92kp3i1apr789f03 696716 696715 2026-03-20T07:02:45Z OmegaAOL 65147 Update to X 696716 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- Please place categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata (see [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]]) --> {{for multi|the template for embedding tweets in articles|Template:Tweet|the navbox|Template:Twitter navbox}} {{see also|Template:Cite tweet|Wikipedia:External links/Perennial websites}} {{high-use}} {{Warning|The [[Wikipedia:External links|external links guideline]] recommends [[WP:ELNO|avoiding ==External links== to Twitter]]. Only include links to social media if the subject is particularly known for using that social medium, '''and''' when the link provides the reader with significant unique content, '''and''' it is not easily linked from another link included in the article (i.e. if the individual's homepage is linked and ''that'' has a prominent link to a Twitter feed, delete the Twitter link here, see [[WP:ELMINOFFICIAL]]). Wikipedia is [[WP:NOTDIR|not a comprehensive directory of a subject's web presence]]. Only link to [[WP:ELOFFICIAL|official accounts]] "controlled by the subject (organization or individual person) of the Wikipedia article". Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]] or linked to by other subject-controlled sources.}} {{Template redirects|Twitter.com|Twitter user|Official Twitter page|xsn}} {{Tracks and uses Wikidata|P2002}} {{Lua|Module:EditAtWikidata|Module:WikidataCheck}} This template generates an external link to an account on the [[X social network]]. It is designed to standardize the formatting of links to legitimate profiles of persons or organizations with sufficient [[Wikipedia:Notability|notability]] to be the subject of a Wikipedia article. However, adding an X link is never mandatory and in certain cases should be discouraged. Note that ''very many'' fake accounts have been created as hoaxes, [[Parody account|parodies]], or attempts by fans to mimic a celebrity's style convincingly. Please make a detailed effort to verify the authenticity of any external links you wish to include. Legitimate accounts can be found through being named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], such as in newspaper stories about the subject, or linked to by other subject-controlled sources, such as the subject's legitimate website. [[Twitter verification#Since November 2022|Since November 2022]], a Twitter account having a [[Twitter verification|verification badge]] no longer indicates any legitimacy, as it is now available to anyone with an [[X Premium]] subscription. ==Usage summary== ; One parameter : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | <var>username</var> }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= <var>username</var> }}</code> ; Two parameters : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | <var>username</var> | <var>Displayed Name</var> }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= <var>username</var> | name= <var>Displayed Name</var> }}</code> ; Using Wikidata property : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | name= <var>Displayed Name</var> }}</code> ==Explanations and examples== === One parameter === Fill this parameter with the ID string used in the [[URL]] for the user's account profile on X. When one parameter is used, the [[link text]] is the title of the Wikipedia article where this template is used. ; URL : <code>[https://x.com/Twitter https://x.com/{{Highlight|Twitter}}]</code> ; Usage : <code><nowiki>* {{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | {{Highlight|Twitter}} }}</code> : <code><nowiki>* {{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= {{Highlight|Twitter}} }}</code> ; Output :* {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | Twitter }} :* {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= Twitter }} Since "Twitter" is the name of the Wikipedia page you now are looking at, the link above appears as "Twitter on Twitter" on this Wikipedia page. The lead name will change according to the name of the Wikipedia page. === Two parameters === The first parameter will be the ID string used in the [[URL]] at Twitter. The second parameter will be used as the [[link text]]. ; URLs : <code>[https://x.com/AcadiaU https://x.com/{{Highlight|AcadiaU}}]</code> ; Usage : <code><nowiki>* {{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | {{Highlight|AcadiaU}} | Acadia University }}</code> : <code><nowiki>* {{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= {{Highlight|AcadiaU}} | name= Acadia University }}</code> ; Output :* {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | AcadiaU | Acadia University }} :* {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= AcadiaU | name= Acadia University }} === No parameters and Wikidata property not defined === When used without an "id" parameter, this template will call data from [[Wikidata]], if available. If none is available, the category [[:Category:Twitter template missing ID and not in Wikidata]] will be applied and an error message will be displayed. ; Usage : <code><nowiki>* {{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code> ; Output :* {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} }} == TemplateData == {{TemplateData header}} <templatedata> { "description": "This template generates an external link to an account at Twitter.", "params": { "id": { "label": "ID", "aliases": [ "1" ], "description": "The username in the Twitter URL, such as AcadiaU in https://x.com/AcadiaU. This parameter is optional if Wikidata property P2002 exists, but required if not.", "default": "Wikidata property P2002", "example": "AcadiaU", "type": "string", "required": false }, "name": { "label": "Name", "aliases": [ "2" ], "description": "The name displayed as the link text. This parameter is optional; it defaults to the Wikipedia article name, without disambiguation.", "default": "{{PAGENAMEBASE}}", "example": "Acadia University", "type": "string", "required": false } }, "paramOrder": [ "id", "name" ] } </templatedata> ==Tracking categories== * {{clc|Twitter username different from Wikidata}} – ''comparison is [[case insensitive]], so [https://x.com/AcadiaU AcadiaU] matches [https://x.com/acadiau acadiau]'' * {{clc|Twitter username not in Wikidata}} * {{clc|Twitter template missing ID and not in Wikidata}} * {{clc|Pages using Twitter with unknown parameters}} ==See also== * {{tl|Cite Twitter profile}}, for use inside ref tags * {{tl|Tweet}} * {{tl|Cite tweet}} * [[Wikipedia:TWITTER]] * {{tl|Facebook}} * {{tl|Instagram}} * {{tl|Pinterest}} * {{tl|Tumblr}} * {{tl|flickr-inline}} * {{tl|flickr-inline2}} <includeonly>{{Sandbox other|| <!--Categories below this line, please; interwikis at Wikidata--> [[Category:Social media external link templates]] [[Category:People and person external link templates]] [[Category:External link templates using Wikidata]] [[Category:Templates that add a tracking category]] [[Category:Twitter templates]] }}</includeonly> k7frxxvqpwbqi2n8tcabqzhxrb161jv 696717 696716 2026-03-20T07:03:05Z OmegaAOL 65147 696717 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- Please place categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata (see [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]]) --> {{for multi|the template for embedding tweets in articles|Template:Tweet|the navbox|Template:Twitter navbox}} {{see also|Template:Cite tweet|Wikipedia:External links/Perennial websites}} {{high-use}} {{Warning|The [[Wikipedia:External links|external links guideline]] recommends [[WP:ELNO|avoiding ==External links== to Twitter]]. Only include links to social media if the subject is particularly known for using that social medium, '''and''' when the link provides the reader with significant unique content, '''and''' it is not easily linked from another link included in the article (i.e. if the individual's homepage is linked and ''that'' has a prominent link to a Twitter feed, delete the Twitter link here, see [[WP:ELMINOFFICIAL]]). Wikipedia is [[WP:NOTDIR|not a comprehensive directory of a subject's web presence]]. Only link to [[WP:ELOFFICIAL|official accounts]] "controlled by the subject (organization or individual person) of the Wikipedia article". Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]] or linked to by other subject-controlled sources.}} {{Template redirects|Twitter.com|Twitter user|Official Twitter page|xsn}} {{Tracks and uses Wikidata|P2002}} {{Lua|Module:EditAtWikidata|Module:WikidataCheck}} This template generates an external link to an account on the [[X social network]]. It is designed to standardize the formatting of links to legitimate profiles of persons or organizations with sufficient [[Wikipedia:Notability|notability]] to be the subject of a Wikipedia article. However, adding an X link is never mandatory and in certain cases should be discouraged. Note that ''very many'' fake accounts have been created as hoaxes, [[Parody account|parodies]], or attempts by fans to mimic a celebrity's style convincingly. Please make a detailed effort to verify the authenticity of any external links you wish to include. Legitimate accounts can be found through being named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], such as in newspaper stories about the subject, or linked to by other subject-controlled sources, such as the subject's legitimate website. [[Twitter verification#Since November 2022|Since November 2022]], an X account having a [[Twitter verification|verification badge]] no longer indicates any legitimacy, as it is now available to anyone with an [[X Premium]] subscription. ==Usage summary== ; One parameter : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | <var>username</var> }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= <var>username</var> }}</code> ; Two parameters : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | <var>username</var> | <var>Displayed Name</var> }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= <var>username</var> | name= <var>Displayed Name</var> }}</code> ; Using Wikidata property : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | name= <var>Displayed Name</var> }}</code> ==Explanations and examples== === One parameter === Fill this parameter with the ID string used in the [[URL]] for the user's account profile on X. When one parameter is used, the [[link text]] is the title of the Wikipedia article where this template is used. ; URL : <code>[https://x.com/Twitter https://x.com/{{Highlight|Twitter}}]</code> ; Usage : <code><nowiki>* {{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | {{Highlight|Twitter}} }}</code> : <code><nowiki>* {{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= {{Highlight|Twitter}} }}</code> ; Output :* {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | Twitter }} :* {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= Twitter }} Since "Twitter" is the name of the Wikipedia page you now are looking at, the link above appears as "Twitter on Twitter" on this Wikipedia page. The lead name will change according to the name of the Wikipedia page. === Two parameters === The first parameter will be the ID string used in the [[URL]] at Twitter. The second parameter will be used as the [[link text]]. ; URLs : <code>[https://x.com/AcadiaU https://x.com/{{Highlight|AcadiaU}}]</code> ; Usage : <code><nowiki>* {{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | {{Highlight|AcadiaU}} | Acadia University }}</code> : <code><nowiki>* {{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= {{Highlight|AcadiaU}} | name= Acadia University }}</code> ; Output :* {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | AcadiaU | Acadia University }} :* {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= AcadiaU | name= Acadia University }} === No parameters and Wikidata property not defined === When used without an "id" parameter, this template will call data from [[Wikidata]], if available. If none is available, the category [[:Category:Twitter template missing ID and not in Wikidata]] will be applied and an error message will be displayed. ; Usage : <code><nowiki>* {{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code> ; Output :* {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} }} == TemplateData == {{TemplateData header}} <templatedata> { "description": "This template generates an external link to an account at Twitter.", "params": { "id": { "label": "ID", "aliases": [ "1" ], "description": "The username in the Twitter URL, such as AcadiaU in https://x.com/AcadiaU. This parameter is optional if Wikidata property P2002 exists, but required if not.", "default": "Wikidata property P2002", "example": "AcadiaU", "type": "string", "required": false }, "name": { "label": "Name", "aliases": [ "2" ], "description": "The name displayed as the link text. This parameter is optional; it defaults to the Wikipedia article name, without disambiguation.", "default": "{{PAGENAMEBASE}}", "example": "Acadia University", "type": "string", "required": false } }, "paramOrder": [ "id", "name" ] } </templatedata> ==Tracking categories== * {{clc|Twitter username different from Wikidata}} – ''comparison is [[case insensitive]], so [https://x.com/AcadiaU AcadiaU] matches [https://x.com/acadiau acadiau]'' * {{clc|Twitter username not in Wikidata}} * {{clc|Twitter template missing ID and not in Wikidata}} * {{clc|Pages using Twitter with unknown parameters}} ==See also== * {{tl|Cite Twitter profile}}, for use inside ref tags * {{tl|Tweet}} * {{tl|Cite tweet}} * [[Wikipedia:TWITTER]] * {{tl|Facebook}} * {{tl|Instagram}} * {{tl|Pinterest}} * {{tl|Tumblr}} * {{tl|flickr-inline}} * {{tl|flickr-inline2}} <includeonly>{{Sandbox other|| <!--Categories below this line, please; interwikis at Wikidata--> [[Category:Social media external link templates]] [[Category:People and person external link templates]] [[Category:External link templates using Wikidata]] [[Category:Templates that add a tracking category]] [[Category:Twitter templates]] }}</includeonly> 32ydopyr3dutpo9iajm2o4eenpa673e 696718 696717 2026-04-02T03:31:42Z Zyxw 14644 update links, example, TemplateData 696718 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- Please place categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata (see [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]]) --> {{for multi|the template for embedding tweets in articles|Template:Tweet|the navbox|Template:Twitter navbox}} {{see also|Template:Cite tweet|Wikipedia:External links/Perennial websites}} {{high-use}} {{Warning|The [[Wikipedia:External links|external links guideline]] recommends [[WP:ELNO|avoiding ==External links== to Twitter]]. Only include links to social media if the subject is particularly known for using that social medium, '''and''' when the link provides the reader with significant unique content, '''and''' it is not easily linked from another link included in the article (i.e. if the individual's homepage is linked and ''that'' has a prominent link to a Twitter feed, delete the Twitter link here, see [[WP:ELMINOFFICIAL]]). Wikipedia is [[WP:NOTDIR|not a comprehensive directory of a subject's web presence]]. Only link to [[WP:ELOFFICIAL|official accounts]] "controlled by the subject (organization or individual person) of the Wikipedia article". Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]] or linked to by other subject-controlled sources.}} {{Template redirect|Twitter}} {{Tracks and uses Wikidata|P2002}} {{Lua|Module:EditAtWikidata|Module:WikidataCheck}} This template generates an external link to a profile on the social network [[X (social network)|X]], formerly known as [[Twitter]]. It is designed to standardize the formatting of links to legitimate profiles of persons or organizations with sufficient [[Wikipedia:Notability|notability]] to be the subject of a Wikipedia article. However, adding an X link is never mandatory and in certain cases should be discouraged. Note that ''very many'' fake accounts have been created as hoaxes, [[Parody account|parodies]], or attempts by fans to mimic a celebrity's style convincingly. Please make a detailed effort to verify the authenticity of any external links you wish to include. Legitimate accounts can be found through being named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], such as in newspaper stories about the subject, or linked to by other subject-controlled sources, such as the subject's legitimate website. [[Twitter verification#Since November 2022|Since November 2022]], an X account having a [[Twitter verification|verification badge]] no longer indicates any legitimacy, as it is now available to anyone with an [[X Premium]] subscription. ==Usage summary== ; One parameter : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | <var>username</var> }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= <var>username</var> }}</code> ; Two parameters : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | <var>username</var> | <var>Displayed Name</var> }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= <var>username</var> | name= <var>Displayed Name</var> }}</code> ; Using Wikidata property : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | name= <var>Displayed Name</var> }}</code> ==Explanations and examples== === One parameter === Fill this parameter with the ID string used in the [[URL]] for the user's account profile on X. When one parameter is used, the [[link text]] is the title of the Wikipedia article where this template is used. ; URL : <code>[https://x.com/Twitter https://x.com/{{Highlight|Twitter}}]</code> ; Usage : <code><nowiki>* {{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | {{Highlight|Twitter}} }}</code> : <code><nowiki>* {{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= {{Highlight|Twitter}} }}</code> ; Output :* {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | Twitter }} :* {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= Twitter }} Since "X profile" is the name of the Wikipedia page you now are looking at, the link above appears as "X profile on Twitter" on this Wikipedia page. The lead name will change according to the name of the Wikipedia page. === Two parameters === The first parameter will be the ID string used in the [[URL]] at Twitter. The second parameter will be used as the [[link text]]. ; URLs : <code>[https://x.com/AcadiaU https://x.com/{{Highlight|AcadiaU}}]</code> ; Usage : <code><nowiki>* {{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | {{Highlight|AcadiaU}} | Acadia University }}</code> : <code><nowiki>* {{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= {{Highlight|AcadiaU}} | name= Acadia University }}</code> ; Output :* {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | AcadiaU | Acadia University }} :* {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= AcadiaU | name= Acadia University }} === No parameters and Wikidata property not defined === When used without an "id" parameter, this template will call data from [[Wikidata]], if available. If none is available, the category [[:Category:Twitter template missing ID and not in Wikidata]] will be applied and an error message will be displayed. ; Usage : <code><nowiki>* {{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code> ; Output :* {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} }} == TemplateData == {{TemplateData header}} <templatedata> { "description": "This template generates an external link to an account at Twitter.", "params": { "id": { "label": "ID", "aliases": [ "1" ], "description": "The username in the X.com URL, such as AcadiaU in https://x.com/AcadiaU. This parameter is optional if Wikidata property P2002 exists, but required if not.", "default": "Wikidata property P2002", "example": "AcadiaU", "type": "string", "required": false }, "name": { "label": "Name", "aliases": [ "2" ], "description": "The name displayed as the link text. This parameter is optional; it defaults to the Wikipedia article name, without disambiguation.", "default": "{{PAGENAMEBASE}}", "example": "Acadia University", "type": "string", "required": false } }, "paramOrder": [ "id", "name" ] } </templatedata> ==Tracking categories== * {{clc|Twitter username different from Wikidata}} – ''comparison is [[case insensitive]], so [https://x.com/AcadiaU AcadiaU] matches [https://x.com/acadiau acadiau]'' * {{clc|Twitter username not in Wikidata}} * {{clc|Twitter template missing ID and not in Wikidata}} * {{clc|Pages using Twitter with unknown parameters}} ==See also== * {{tl|Cite Twitter profile}}, for use inside ref tags * {{tl|Tweet}} * {{tl|Cite tweet}} * [[Wikipedia:TWITTER]] * {{tl|Facebook}} * {{tl|Instagram}} * {{tl|Pinterest}} * {{tl|Tumblr}} * {{tl|flickr-inline}} * {{tl|flickr-inline2}} <includeonly>{{Sandbox other|| <!--Categories below this line, please; interwikis at Wikidata--> [[Category:Social media external link templates]] [[Category:People and person external link templates]] [[Category:External link templates using Wikidata]] [[Category:Templates that add a tracking category]] [[Category:Twitter templates]] }}</includeonly> 07t90453392d61s3m5vlefxoamg69dv 696719 696718 2026-04-02T03:32:58Z Zyxw 14644 /* TemplateData */ update 696719 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- Please place categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata (see [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]]) --> {{for multi|the template for embedding tweets in articles|Template:Tweet|the navbox|Template:Twitter navbox}} {{see also|Template:Cite tweet|Wikipedia:External links/Perennial websites}} {{high-use}} {{Warning|The [[Wikipedia:External links|external links guideline]] recommends [[WP:ELNO|avoiding ==External links== to Twitter]]. Only include links to social media if the subject is particularly known for using that social medium, '''and''' when the link provides the reader with significant unique content, '''and''' it is not easily linked from another link included in the article (i.e. if the individual's homepage is linked and ''that'' has a prominent link to a Twitter feed, delete the Twitter link here, see [[WP:ELMINOFFICIAL]]). Wikipedia is [[WP:NOTDIR|not a comprehensive directory of a subject's web presence]]. Only link to [[WP:ELOFFICIAL|official accounts]] "controlled by the subject (organization or individual person) of the Wikipedia article". Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]] or linked to by other subject-controlled sources.}} {{Template redirect|Twitter}} {{Tracks and uses Wikidata|P2002}} {{Lua|Module:EditAtWikidata|Module:WikidataCheck}} This template generates an external link to a profile on the social network [[X (social network)|X]], formerly known as [[Twitter]]. It is designed to standardize the formatting of links to legitimate profiles of persons or organizations with sufficient [[Wikipedia:Notability|notability]] to be the subject of a Wikipedia article. However, adding an X link is never mandatory and in certain cases should be discouraged. Note that ''very many'' fake accounts have been created as hoaxes, [[Parody account|parodies]], or attempts by fans to mimic a celebrity's style convincingly. Please make a detailed effort to verify the authenticity of any external links you wish to include. Legitimate accounts can be found through being named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], such as in newspaper stories about the subject, or linked to by other subject-controlled sources, such as the subject's legitimate website. [[Twitter verification#Since November 2022|Since November 2022]], an X account having a [[Twitter verification|verification badge]] no longer indicates any legitimacy, as it is now available to anyone with an [[X Premium]] subscription. ==Usage summary== ; One parameter : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | <var>username</var> }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= <var>username</var> }}</code> ; Two parameters : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | <var>username</var> | <var>Displayed Name</var> }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= <var>username</var> | name= <var>Displayed Name</var> }}</code> ; Using Wikidata property : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | name= <var>Displayed Name</var> }}</code> ==Explanations and examples== === One parameter === Fill this parameter with the ID string used in the [[URL]] for the user's account profile on X. When one parameter is used, the [[link text]] is the title of the Wikipedia article where this template is used. ; URL : <code>[https://x.com/Twitter https://x.com/{{Highlight|Twitter}}]</code> ; Usage : <code><nowiki>* {{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | {{Highlight|Twitter}} }}</code> : <code><nowiki>* {{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= {{Highlight|Twitter}} }}</code> ; Output :* {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | Twitter }} :* {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= Twitter }} Since "X profile" is the name of the Wikipedia page you now are looking at, the link above appears as "X profile on Twitter" on this Wikipedia page. The lead name will change according to the name of the Wikipedia page. === Two parameters === The first parameter will be the ID string used in the [[URL]] at Twitter. The second parameter will be used as the [[link text]]. ; URLs : <code>[https://x.com/AcadiaU https://x.com/{{Highlight|AcadiaU}}]</code> ; Usage : <code><nowiki>* {{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | {{Highlight|AcadiaU}} | Acadia University }}</code> : <code><nowiki>* {{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= {{Highlight|AcadiaU}} | name= Acadia University }}</code> ; Output :* {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | AcadiaU | Acadia University }} :* {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= AcadiaU | name= Acadia University }} === No parameters and Wikidata property not defined === When used without an "id" parameter, this template will call data from [[Wikidata]], if available. If none is available, the category [[:Category:Twitter template missing ID and not in Wikidata]] will be applied and an error message will be displayed. ; Usage : <code><nowiki>* {{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code> ; Output :* {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} }} == TemplateData == {{TemplateData header}} <templatedata> { "description": "This template generates an external link to a profile on the social network X, formerly known as Twitter.", "params": { "id": { "label": "ID", "aliases": [ "1" ], "description": "The username in the X.com URL, such as AcadiaU in https://x.com/AcadiaU. This parameter is optional if Wikidata property P2002 exists, but required if not.", "default": "Wikidata property P2002", "example": "AcadiaU", "type": "string", "required": false }, "name": { "label": "Name", "aliases": [ "2" ], "description": "The name displayed as the link text. This parameter is optional; it defaults to the Wikipedia article name, without disambiguation.", "default": "{{PAGENAMEBASE}}", "example": "Acadia University", "type": "string", "required": false } }, "paramOrder": [ "id", "name" ] } </templatedata> ==Tracking categories== * {{clc|Twitter username different from Wikidata}} – ''comparison is [[case insensitive]], so [https://x.com/AcadiaU AcadiaU] matches [https://x.com/acadiau acadiau]'' * {{clc|Twitter username not in Wikidata}} * {{clc|Twitter template missing ID and not in Wikidata}} * {{clc|Pages using Twitter with unknown parameters}} ==See also== * {{tl|Cite Twitter profile}}, for use inside ref tags * {{tl|Tweet}} * {{tl|Cite tweet}} * [[Wikipedia:TWITTER]] * {{tl|Facebook}} * {{tl|Instagram}} * {{tl|Pinterest}} * {{tl|Tumblr}} * {{tl|flickr-inline}} * {{tl|flickr-inline2}} <includeonly>{{Sandbox other|| <!--Categories below this line, please; interwikis at Wikidata--> [[Category:Social media external link templates]] [[Category:People and person external link templates]] [[Category:External link templates using Wikidata]] [[Category:Templates that add a tracking category]] [[Category:Twitter templates]] }}</includeonly> n49o964mdriz7kg6m1u7pg04i3uw57h 696720 696719 2026-04-02T03:49:33Z Zyxw 14644 /* One parameter */ update 696720 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- Please place categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata (see [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]]) --> {{for multi|the template for embedding tweets in articles|Template:Tweet|the navbox|Template:Twitter navbox}} {{see also|Template:Cite tweet|Wikipedia:External links/Perennial websites}} {{high-use}} {{Warning|The [[Wikipedia:External links|external links guideline]] recommends [[WP:ELNO|avoiding ==External links== to Twitter]]. Only include links to social media if the subject is particularly known for using that social medium, '''and''' when the link provides the reader with significant unique content, '''and''' it is not easily linked from another link included in the article (i.e. if the individual's homepage is linked and ''that'' has a prominent link to a Twitter feed, delete the Twitter link here, see [[WP:ELMINOFFICIAL]]). Wikipedia is [[WP:NOTDIR|not a comprehensive directory of a subject's web presence]]. Only link to [[WP:ELOFFICIAL|official accounts]] "controlled by the subject (organization or individual person) of the Wikipedia article". Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]] or linked to by other subject-controlled sources.}} {{Template redirect|Twitter}} {{Tracks and uses Wikidata|P2002}} {{Lua|Module:EditAtWikidata|Module:WikidataCheck}} This template generates an external link to a profile on the social network [[X (social network)|X]], formerly known as [[Twitter]]. It is designed to standardize the formatting of links to legitimate profiles of persons or organizations with sufficient [[Wikipedia:Notability|notability]] to be the subject of a Wikipedia article. However, adding an X link is never mandatory and in certain cases should be discouraged. Note that ''very many'' fake accounts have been created as hoaxes, [[Parody account|parodies]], or attempts by fans to mimic a celebrity's style convincingly. Please make a detailed effort to verify the authenticity of any external links you wish to include. Legitimate accounts can be found through being named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], such as in newspaper stories about the subject, or linked to by other subject-controlled sources, such as the subject's legitimate website. [[Twitter verification#Since November 2022|Since November 2022]], an X account having a [[Twitter verification|verification badge]] no longer indicates any legitimacy, as it is now available to anyone with an [[X Premium]] subscription. ==Usage summary== ; One parameter : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | <var>username</var> }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= <var>username</var> }}</code> ; Two parameters : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | <var>username</var> | <var>Displayed Name</var> }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= <var>username</var> | name= <var>Displayed Name</var> }}</code> ; Using Wikidata property : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | name= <var>Displayed Name</var> }}</code> ==Explanations and examples== === One parameter === Fill this parameter with the ID string used in the [[URL]] for the user's account profile on X. When one parameter is used, the [[link text]] is the title of the Wikipedia article where this template is used. ; URL : <code>[https://x.com/Twitter https://x.com/{{Highlight|Twitter}}]</code> ; Usage : <code><nowiki>* {{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | {{Highlight|Twitter}} }}</code> : <code><nowiki>* {{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= {{Highlight|Twitter}} }}</code> ; Output :* {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | Twitter }} :* {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= Twitter }} Since "X profile" is the name of the Wikipedia page you now are looking at, the link above appears as "X profile on X" on this Wikipedia page. The lead name will change according to the name of the Wikipedia page. === Two parameters === The first parameter will be the ID string used in the [[URL]] at Twitter. The second parameter will be used as the [[link text]]. ; URLs : <code>[https://x.com/AcadiaU https://x.com/{{Highlight|AcadiaU}}]</code> ; Usage : <code><nowiki>* {{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | {{Highlight|AcadiaU}} | Acadia University }}</code> : <code><nowiki>* {{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= {{Highlight|AcadiaU}} | name= Acadia University }}</code> ; Output :* {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | AcadiaU | Acadia University }} :* {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= AcadiaU | name= Acadia University }} === No parameters and Wikidata property not defined === When used without an "id" parameter, this template will call data from [[Wikidata]], if available. If none is available, the category [[:Category:Twitter template missing ID and not in Wikidata]] will be applied and an error message will be displayed. ; Usage : <code><nowiki>* {{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code> ; Output :* {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} }} == TemplateData == {{TemplateData header}} <templatedata> { "description": "This template generates an external link to a profile on the social network X, formerly known as Twitter.", "params": { "id": { "label": "ID", "aliases": [ "1" ], "description": "The username in the X.com URL, such as AcadiaU in https://x.com/AcadiaU. This parameter is optional if Wikidata property P2002 exists, but required if not.", "default": "Wikidata property P2002", "example": "AcadiaU", "type": "string", "required": false }, "name": { "label": "Name", "aliases": [ "2" ], "description": "The name displayed as the link text. This parameter is optional; it defaults to the Wikipedia article name, without disambiguation.", "default": "{{PAGENAMEBASE}}", "example": "Acadia University", "type": "string", "required": false } }, "paramOrder": [ "id", "name" ] } </templatedata> ==Tracking categories== * {{clc|Twitter username different from Wikidata}} – ''comparison is [[case insensitive]], so [https://x.com/AcadiaU AcadiaU] matches [https://x.com/acadiau acadiau]'' * {{clc|Twitter username not in Wikidata}} * {{clc|Twitter template missing ID and not in Wikidata}} * {{clc|Pages using Twitter with unknown parameters}} ==See also== * {{tl|Cite Twitter profile}}, for use inside ref tags * {{tl|Tweet}} * {{tl|Cite tweet}} * [[Wikipedia:TWITTER]] * {{tl|Facebook}} * {{tl|Instagram}} * {{tl|Pinterest}} * {{tl|Tumblr}} * {{tl|flickr-inline}} * {{tl|flickr-inline2}} <includeonly>{{Sandbox other|| <!--Categories below this line, please; interwikis at Wikidata--> [[Category:Social media external link templates]] [[Category:People and person external link templates]] [[Category:External link templates using Wikidata]] [[Category:Templates that add a tracking category]] [[Category:Twitter templates]] }}</includeonly> 2zvmyp83x6x67yzkdyw5hzzwb4axxoo 696721 696720 2026-04-02T04:00:25Z Zyxw 14644 another update for name change 696721 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- Please place categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata (see [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]]) --> {{for multi|the template for embedding tweets in articles|Template:Tweet|the navbox|Template:Twitter navbox}} {{see also|Template:Cite tweet|Wikipedia:External links/Perennial websites}} {{high-use}} {{Warning|The [[Wikipedia:External links|external links guideline]] recommends [[WP:ELNO|avoiding ==External links== to Twitter]]. Only include links to social media if the subject is particularly known for using that social medium, '''and''' when the link provides the reader with significant unique content, '''and''' it is not easily linked from another link included in the article (i.e. if the individual's homepage is linked and ''that'' has a prominent link to a Twitter feed, delete the Twitter link here, see [[WP:ELMINOFFICIAL]]). Wikipedia is [[WP:NOTDIR|not a comprehensive directory of a subject's web presence]]. Only link to [[WP:ELOFFICIAL|official accounts]] "controlled by the subject (organization or individual person) of the Wikipedia article". Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]] or linked to by other subject-controlled sources.}} {{Template redirect|Twitter}} {{Tracks and uses Wikidata|P2002}} {{Lua|Module:EditAtWikidata|Module:WikidataCheck}} This template generates an external link to a profile on the social network [[X (social network)|X]], formerly known as [[Twitter]]. It is designed to standardize the formatting of links to legitimate profiles of persons or organizations with sufficient [[Wikipedia:Notability|notability]] to be the subject of a Wikipedia article. However, adding an X link is never mandatory and in certain cases should be discouraged. Note that ''very many'' fake accounts have been created as hoaxes, [[Parody account|parodies]], or attempts by fans to mimic a celebrity's style convincingly. Please make a detailed effort to verify the authenticity of any external links you wish to include. Legitimate accounts can be found through being named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], such as in newspaper stories about the subject, or linked to by other subject-controlled sources, such as the subject's legitimate website. [[Twitter verification#Since November 2022|Since November 2022]], an X account having a [[Twitter verification|verification badge]] no longer indicates any legitimacy, as it is now available to anyone with an [[X Premium]] subscription. ==Usage summary== ; One parameter : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | <var>username</var> }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= <var>username</var> }}</code> ; Two parameters : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | <var>username</var> | <var>Displayed Name</var> }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= <var>username</var> | name= <var>Displayed Name</var> }}</code> ; Using Wikidata property : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | name= <var>Displayed Name</var> }}</code> ==Explanations and examples== === One parameter === Fill this parameter with the ID string (username) in the [[URL]] for the X profile. When one parameter is used, the [[link text]] is the title of the Wikipedia article where this template is used. ; URL : <code>[https://x.com/Twitter https://x.com/{{Highlight|Twitter}}]</code> ; Usage : <code><nowiki>* {{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | {{Highlight|Twitter}} }}</code> : <code><nowiki>* {{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= {{Highlight|Twitter}} }}</code> ; Output :* {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | Twitter }} :* {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= Twitter }} Since "X profile" is the name of the Wikipedia page you now are looking at, the link above appears as "X profile on X" on this Wikipedia page. The lead name will change according to the name of the Wikipedia page. === Two parameters === The first parameter will be the ID string (username) in the [[URL]] for the X profile. The second parameter will be used as the [[link text]]. ; URLs : <code>[https://x.com/AcadiaU https://x.com/{{Highlight|AcadiaU}}]</code> ; Usage : <code><nowiki>* {{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | {{Highlight|AcadiaU}} | Acadia University }}</code> : <code><nowiki>* {{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= {{Highlight|AcadiaU}} | name= Acadia University }}</code> ; Output :* {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | AcadiaU | Acadia University }} :* {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= AcadiaU | name= Acadia University }} === No parameters and Wikidata property not defined === When used without an "id" parameter, this template will call data from [[Wikidata]], if available. If none is available, the category [[:Category:Twitter template missing ID and not in Wikidata]] will be applied and an error message will be displayed. ; Usage : <code><nowiki>* {{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code> ; Output :* {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} }} == TemplateData == {{TemplateData header}} <templatedata> { "description": "This template generates an external link to a profile on the social network X, formerly known as Twitter.", "params": { "id": { "label": "ID", "aliases": [ "1" ], "description": "The username in the X.com URL, such as AcadiaU in https://x.com/AcadiaU. This parameter is optional if Wikidata property P2002 exists, but required if not.", "default": "Wikidata property P2002", "example": "AcadiaU", "type": "string", "required": false }, "name": { "label": "Name", "aliases": [ "2" ], "description": "The name displayed as the link text. This parameter is optional; it defaults to the Wikipedia article name, without disambiguation.", "default": "{{PAGENAMEBASE}}", "example": "Acadia University", "type": "string", "required": false } }, "paramOrder": [ "id", "name" ] } </templatedata> ==Tracking categories== * {{clc|Twitter username different from Wikidata}} – ''comparison is [[case insensitive]], so [https://x.com/AcadiaU AcadiaU] matches [https://x.com/acadiau acadiau]'' * {{clc|Twitter username not in Wikidata}} * {{clc|Twitter template missing ID and not in Wikidata}} * {{clc|Pages using Twitter with unknown parameters}} ==See also== * {{tl|Cite Twitter profile}}, for use inside ref tags * {{tl|Tweet}} * {{tl|Cite tweet}} * [[Wikipedia:TWITTER]] * {{tl|Facebook}} * {{tl|Instagram}} * {{tl|Pinterest}} * {{tl|Tumblr}} * {{tl|flickr-inline}} * {{tl|flickr-inline2}} <includeonly>{{Sandbox other|| <!--Categories below this line, please; interwikis at Wikidata--> [[Category:Social media external link templates]] [[Category:People and person external link templates]] [[Category:External link templates using Wikidata]] [[Category:Templates that add a tracking category]] [[Category:Twitter templates]] }}</includeonly> m87dvbufn21wi7akq42321i0fnh1i55 696722 696721 2026-04-17T02:27:07Z Chessrat 65148 useful link 696722 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- Please place categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata (see [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]]) --> {{for multi|the template for embedding tweets in articles|Template:Tweet|the navbox|Template:Twitter navbox}} {{see also|Template:Cite tweet|Wikipedia:External links/Perennial websites}} {{high-use}} {{Warning|The [[Wikipedia:External links|external links guideline]] recommends [[WP:ELNO|avoiding ==External links== to Twitter]]. Only include links to social media if the subject is particularly known for using that social medium, '''and''' when the link provides the reader with significant unique content, '''and''' it is not easily linked from another link included in the article (i.e. if the individual's homepage is linked and ''that'' has a prominent link to a Twitter feed, delete the Twitter link here, see [[WP:ELMINOFFICIAL]]). Wikipedia is [[WP:NOTDIR|not a comprehensive directory of a subject's web presence]]. Only link to [[WP:ELOFFICIAL|official accounts]] "controlled by the subject (organization or individual person) of the Wikipedia article". Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]] or linked to by other subject-controlled sources.}} {{Template redirect|Twitter}} {{Tracks and uses Wikidata|P2002}} {{Lua|Module:EditAtWikidata|Module:WikidataCheck}} This template generates an external link to a profile on the social network [[X (social network)|X]], formerly known as [[Twitter]]. It is designed to standardize the formatting of links to legitimate profiles of persons or organizations with sufficient [[Wikipedia:Notability|notability]] to be the subject of a Wikipedia article. However, adding an X link is never mandatory and in certain cases should be discouraged. Note that ''very many'' fake accounts have been created as hoaxes, [[Parody account|parodies]], or attempts by fans to mimic a celebrity's style convincingly. Please make a detailed effort to verify the authenticity of any external links you wish to include. Legitimate accounts can be found through being named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], such as in newspaper stories about the subject, or linked to by other subject-controlled sources, such as the subject's legitimate website. [[Twitter verification#Since November 2022|Since November 2022]], an X account having a [[Twitter verification|verification badge]] no longer indicates any legitimacy, as it is now available to anyone with an [[X Premium]] subscription. ==Usage summary== ; One parameter : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | <var>username</var> }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= <var>username</var> }}</code> ; Two parameters : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | <var>username</var> | <var>Displayed Name</var> }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= <var>username</var> | name= <var>Displayed Name</var> }}</code> ; Using Wikidata property : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | name= <var>Displayed Name</var> }}</code> ==Explanations and examples== === One parameter === Fill this parameter with the ID string (username) in the [[URL]] for the X profile. When one parameter is used, the [[link text]] is the title of the Wikipedia article where this template is used. ; URL : <code>[https://x.com/Twitter https://x.com/{{Highlight|Twitter}}]</code> ; Usage : <code><nowiki>* {{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | {{Highlight|Twitter}} }}</code> : <code><nowiki>* {{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= {{Highlight|Twitter}} }}</code> ; Output :* {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | Twitter }} :* {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= Twitter }} Since "X profile" is the name of the Wikipedia page you now are looking at, the link above appears as "X profile on X" on this Wikipedia page. The lead name will change according to the name of the Wikipedia page. === Two parameters === The first parameter will be the ID string (username) in the [[URL]] for the X profile. The second parameter will be used as the [[link text]]. ; URLs : <code>[https://x.com/AcadiaU https://x.com/{{Highlight|AcadiaU}}]</code> ; Usage : <code><nowiki>* {{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | {{Highlight|AcadiaU}} | Acadia University }}</code> : <code><nowiki>* {{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= {{Highlight|AcadiaU}} | name= Acadia University }}</code> ; Output :* {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | AcadiaU | Acadia University }} :* {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= AcadiaU | name= Acadia University }} === No parameters and Wikidata property not defined === When used without an "id" parameter, this template will call data from [[Wikidata]], if available. If none is available, the category [[:Category:Twitter template missing ID and not in Wikidata]] will be applied and an error message will be displayed. ; Usage : <code><nowiki>* {{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code> ; Output :* {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} }} == TemplateData == {{TemplateData header}} <templatedata> { "description": "This template generates an external link to a profile on the social network X, formerly known as Twitter.", "params": { "id": { "label": "ID", "aliases": [ "1" ], "description": "The username in the X.com URL, such as AcadiaU in https://x.com/AcadiaU. This parameter is optional if Wikidata property P2002 exists, but required if not.", "default": "Wikidata property P2002", "example": "AcadiaU", "type": "string", "required": false }, "name": { "label": "Name", "aliases": [ "2" ], "description": "The name displayed as the link text. This parameter is optional; it defaults to the Wikipedia article name, without disambiguation.", "default": "{{PAGENAMEBASE}}", "example": "Acadia University", "type": "string", "required": false } }, "paramOrder": [ "id", "name" ] } </templatedata> ==Tracking categories== * {{clc|Twitter username different from Wikidata}} – ''comparison is [[case insensitive]], so [https://x.com/AcadiaU AcadiaU] matches [https://x.com/acadiau acadiau]'' * {{clc|Twitter username not in Wikidata}} * {{clc|Twitter template missing ID and not in Wikidata}} * {{clc|Pages using Twitter with unknown parameters}} ==See also== * {{tl|Cite Twitter profile}}, for use inside ref tags * {{tl|Tweet}} * {{tl|Cite tweet}} * [[Wikipedia:TWITTER]] * {{tl|Bluesky}} * {{tl|Facebook}} * {{tl|Instagram}} * {{tl|Pinterest}} * {{tl|Tumblr}} * {{tl|flickr-inline}} * {{tl|flickr-inline2}} <includeonly>{{Sandbox other|| <!--Categories below this line, please; interwikis at Wikidata--> [[Category:Social media external link templates]] [[Category:People and person external link templates]] [[Category:External link templates using Wikidata]] [[Category:Templates that add a tracking category]] [[Category:Twitter templates]] }}</includeonly> l529pu1grfi59ve2q5qjcmt0snelmj0 696723 696722 2026-05-22T01:17:21Z Mclay1 2403 /* Tracking categories */ updating link 696723 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- Please place categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata (see [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]]) --> {{for multi|the template for embedding tweets in articles|Template:Tweet|the navbox|Template:Twitter navbox}} {{see also|Template:Cite tweet|Wikipedia:External links/Perennial websites}} {{high-use}} {{Warning|The [[Wikipedia:External links|external links guideline]] recommends [[WP:ELNO|avoiding ==External links== to Twitter]]. Only include links to social media if the subject is particularly known for using that social medium, '''and''' when the link provides the reader with significant unique content, '''and''' it is not easily linked from another link included in the article (i.e. if the individual's homepage is linked and ''that'' has a prominent link to a Twitter feed, delete the Twitter link here, see [[WP:ELMINOFFICIAL]]). Wikipedia is [[WP:NOTDIR|not a comprehensive directory of a subject's web presence]]. Only link to [[WP:ELOFFICIAL|official accounts]] "controlled by the subject (organization or individual person) of the Wikipedia article". Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]] or linked to by other subject-controlled sources.}} {{Template redirect|Twitter}} {{Tracks and uses Wikidata|P2002}} {{Lua|Module:EditAtWikidata|Module:WikidataCheck}} This template generates an external link to a profile on the social network [[X (social network)|X]], formerly known as [[Twitter]]. It is designed to standardize the formatting of links to legitimate profiles of persons or organizations with sufficient [[Wikipedia:Notability|notability]] to be the subject of a Wikipedia article. However, adding an X link is never mandatory and in certain cases should be discouraged. Note that ''very many'' fake accounts have been created as hoaxes, [[Parody account|parodies]], or attempts by fans to mimic a celebrity's style convincingly. Please make a detailed effort to verify the authenticity of any external links you wish to include. Legitimate accounts can be found through being named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], such as in newspaper stories about the subject, or linked to by other subject-controlled sources, such as the subject's legitimate website. [[Twitter verification#Since November 2022|Since November 2022]], an X account having a [[Twitter verification|verification badge]] no longer indicates any legitimacy, as it is now available to anyone with an [[X Premium]] subscription. ==Usage summary== ; One parameter : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | <var>username</var> }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= <var>username</var> }}</code> ; Two parameters : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | <var>username</var> | <var>Displayed Name</var> }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= <var>username</var> | name= <var>Displayed Name</var> }}</code> ; Using Wikidata property : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | name= <var>Displayed Name</var> }}</code> ==Explanations and examples== === One parameter === Fill this parameter with the ID string (username) in the [[URL]] for the X profile. When one parameter is used, the [[link text]] is the title of the Wikipedia article where this template is used. ; URL : <code>[https://x.com/Twitter https://x.com/{{Highlight|Twitter}}]</code> ; Usage : <code><nowiki>* {{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | {{Highlight|Twitter}} }}</code> : <code><nowiki>* {{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= {{Highlight|Twitter}} }}</code> ; Output :* {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | Twitter }} :* {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= Twitter }} Since "X profile" is the name of the Wikipedia page you now are looking at, the link above appears as "X profile on X" on this Wikipedia page. The lead name will change according to the name of the Wikipedia page. === Two parameters === The first parameter will be the ID string (username) in the [[URL]] for the X profile. The second parameter will be used as the [[link text]]. ; URLs : <code>[https://x.com/AcadiaU https://x.com/{{Highlight|AcadiaU}}]</code> ; Usage : <code><nowiki>* {{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | {{Highlight|AcadiaU}} | Acadia University }}</code> : <code><nowiki>* {{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= {{Highlight|AcadiaU}} | name= Acadia University }}</code> ; Output :* {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | AcadiaU | Acadia University }} :* {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= AcadiaU | name= Acadia University }} === No parameters and Wikidata property not defined === When used without an "id" parameter, this template will call data from [[Wikidata]], if available. If none is available, the category [[:Category:Twitter template missing ID and not in Wikidata]] will be applied and an error message will be displayed. ; Usage : <code><nowiki>* {{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code> ; Output :* {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} }} == TemplateData == {{TemplateData header}} <templatedata> { "description": "This template generates an external link to a profile on the social network X, formerly known as Twitter.", "params": { "id": { "label": "ID", "aliases": [ "1" ], "description": "The username in the X.com URL, such as AcadiaU in https://x.com/AcadiaU. This parameter is optional if Wikidata property P2002 exists, but required if not.", "default": "Wikidata property P2002", "example": "AcadiaU", "type": "string", "required": false }, "name": { "label": "Name", "aliases": [ "2" ], "description": "The name displayed as the link text. This parameter is optional; it defaults to the Wikipedia article name, without disambiguation.", "default": "{{PAGENAMEBASE}}", "example": "Acadia University", "type": "string", "required": false } }, "paramOrder": [ "id", "name" ] } </templatedata> ==Tracking categories== * {{clc|Twitter username different from Wikidata}} – ''comparison is [[case insensitive]], so [https://x.com/AcadiaU AcadiaU] matches [https://x.com/acadiau acadiau]'' * {{clc|Twitter username not in Wikidata}} * {{clc|Twitter template missing ID and not in Wikidata}} * {{clc|Pages using X profile with unknown parameters}} ==See also== * {{tl|Cite Twitter profile}}, for use inside ref tags * {{tl|Tweet}} * {{tl|Cite tweet}} * [[Wikipedia:TWITTER]] * {{tl|Bluesky}} * {{tl|Facebook}} * {{tl|Instagram}} * {{tl|Pinterest}} * {{tl|Tumblr}} * {{tl|flickr-inline}} * {{tl|flickr-inline2}} <includeonly>{{Sandbox other|| <!--Categories below this line, please; interwikis at Wikidata--> [[Category:Social media external link templates]] [[Category:People and person external link templates]] [[Category:External link templates using Wikidata]] [[Category:Templates that add a tracking category]] [[Category:Twitter templates]] }}</includeonly> m65nm2cb9kvsnis3xula10lq3vvnmoq 696724 696723 2026-08-03T07:53:48Z King ChristLike 13051 114 revisions imported from [[:en:Template:X_profile/doc]] 696723 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- Please place categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata (see [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]]) --> {{for multi|the template for embedding tweets in articles|Template:Tweet|the navbox|Template:Twitter navbox}} {{see also|Template:Cite tweet|Wikipedia:External links/Perennial websites}} {{high-use}} {{Warning|The [[Wikipedia:External links|external links guideline]] recommends [[WP:ELNO|avoiding ==External links== to Twitter]]. Only include links to social media if the subject is particularly known for using that social medium, '''and''' when the link provides the reader with significant unique content, '''and''' it is not easily linked from another link included in the article (i.e. if the individual's homepage is linked and ''that'' has a prominent link to a Twitter feed, delete the Twitter link here, see [[WP:ELMINOFFICIAL]]). Wikipedia is [[WP:NOTDIR|not a comprehensive directory of a subject's web presence]]. Only link to [[WP:ELOFFICIAL|official accounts]] "controlled by the subject (organization or individual person) of the Wikipedia article". Legitimate Twitter accounts are usually named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]] or linked to by other subject-controlled sources.}} {{Template redirect|Twitter}} {{Tracks and uses Wikidata|P2002}} {{Lua|Module:EditAtWikidata|Module:WikidataCheck}} This template generates an external link to a profile on the social network [[X (social network)|X]], formerly known as [[Twitter]]. It is designed to standardize the formatting of links to legitimate profiles of persons or organizations with sufficient [[Wikipedia:Notability|notability]] to be the subject of a Wikipedia article. However, adding an X link is never mandatory and in certain cases should be discouraged. Note that ''very many'' fake accounts have been created as hoaxes, [[Parody account|parodies]], or attempts by fans to mimic a celebrity's style convincingly. Please make a detailed effort to verify the authenticity of any external links you wish to include. Legitimate accounts can be found through being named in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]], such as in newspaper stories about the subject, or linked to by other subject-controlled sources, such as the subject's legitimate website. [[Twitter verification#Since November 2022|Since November 2022]], an X account having a [[Twitter verification|verification badge]] no longer indicates any legitimacy, as it is now available to anyone with an [[X Premium]] subscription. ==Usage summary== ; One parameter : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | <var>username</var> }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= <var>username</var> }}</code> ; Two parameters : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | <var>username</var> | <var>Displayed Name</var> }}</code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= <var>username</var> | name= <var>Displayed Name</var> }}</code> ; Using Wikidata property : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code> : <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | name= <var>Displayed Name</var> }}</code> ==Explanations and examples== === One parameter === Fill this parameter with the ID string (username) in the [[URL]] for the X profile. When one parameter is used, the [[link text]] is the title of the Wikipedia article where this template is used. ; URL : <code>[https://x.com/Twitter https://x.com/{{Highlight|Twitter}}]</code> ; Usage : <code><nowiki>* {{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | {{Highlight|Twitter}} }}</code> : <code><nowiki>* {{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= {{Highlight|Twitter}} }}</code> ; Output :* {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | Twitter }} :* {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= Twitter }} Since "X profile" is the name of the Wikipedia page you now are looking at, the link above appears as "X profile on X" on this Wikipedia page. The lead name will change according to the name of the Wikipedia page. === Two parameters === The first parameter will be the ID string (username) in the [[URL]] for the X profile. The second parameter will be used as the [[link text]]. ; URLs : <code>[https://x.com/AcadiaU https://x.com/{{Highlight|AcadiaU}}]</code> ; Usage : <code><nowiki>* {{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | {{Highlight|AcadiaU}} | Acadia University }}</code> : <code><nowiki>* {{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= {{Highlight|AcadiaU}} | name= Acadia University }}</code> ; Output :* {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | AcadiaU | Acadia University }} :* {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} | id= AcadiaU | name= Acadia University }} === No parameters and Wikidata property not defined === When used without an "id" parameter, this template will call data from [[Wikidata]], if available. If none is available, the category [[:Category:Twitter template missing ID and not in Wikidata]] will be applied and an error message will be displayed. ; Usage : <code><nowiki>* {{</nowiki>{{BASEPAGENAME}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code> ; Output :* {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}} }} == TemplateData == {{TemplateData header}} <templatedata> { "description": "This template generates an external link to a profile on the social network X, formerly known as Twitter.", "params": { "id": { "label": "ID", "aliases": [ "1" ], "description": "The username in the X.com URL, such as AcadiaU in https://x.com/AcadiaU. This parameter is optional if Wikidata property P2002 exists, but required if not.", "default": "Wikidata property P2002", "example": "AcadiaU", "type": "string", "required": false }, "name": { "label": "Name", "aliases": [ "2" ], "description": "The name displayed as the link text. This parameter is optional; it defaults to the Wikipedia article name, without disambiguation.", "default": "{{PAGENAMEBASE}}", "example": "Acadia University", "type": "string", "required": false } }, "paramOrder": [ "id", "name" ] } </templatedata> ==Tracking categories== * {{clc|Twitter username different from Wikidata}} – ''comparison is [[case insensitive]], so [https://x.com/AcadiaU AcadiaU] matches [https://x.com/acadiau acadiau]'' * {{clc|Twitter username not in Wikidata}} * {{clc|Twitter template missing ID and not in Wikidata}} * {{clc|Pages using X profile with unknown parameters}} ==See also== * {{tl|Cite Twitter profile}}, for use inside ref tags * {{tl|Tweet}} * {{tl|Cite tweet}} * [[Wikipedia:TWITTER]] * {{tl|Bluesky}} * {{tl|Facebook}} * {{tl|Instagram}} * {{tl|Pinterest}} * {{tl|Tumblr}} * {{tl|flickr-inline}} * {{tl|flickr-inline2}} <includeonly>{{Sandbox other|| <!--Categories below this line, please; interwikis at Wikidata--> [[Category:Social media external link templates]] [[Category:People and person external link templates]] [[Category:External link templates using Wikidata]] [[Category:Templates that add a tracking category]] [[Category:Twitter templates]] }}</includeonly> m65nm2cb9kvsnis3xula10lq3vvnmoq