Wikipedia igwiki https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ihu_mb%E1%BB%A5 MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.20 first-letter Midia Ọpụrụiche Ńkàtá Ojiarụ Ńkàtá ojiarụ Wikipedia Ńkàtá Wikipedia Faịlụ Ńkàtá faịlụ MidiaWiki Ńkàtá MidiaWiki Templeeti Ńkàtá templeeti Enyemaka Ńkàtá enyemaka Otú Ńkàtá otú Édēchághị́ Ńkàtá Édēchághị́ TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk 0 7437 727395 725636 2026-09-23T12:52:12Z Ifenomenal 19837 added citation for purple hibiscus on wikidata 727395 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Usòrò:Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie (2015).png|thumb|Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie]] '''Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie''' ({{Audio|Ig-Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie.ogg|Audio}}; 15 September 1977) bụ onye odee akwụkwọ si na mba [[Nigeria]]. Amuru Adichie na obodo [[Enugu]]. Ọ gara akwụkwọ na [[Mahadum nke Nigeria]]. N'ebe ahụ, oji otu afọ na ọkara wee gụọ akwụkwọ gbasara ọgwụ. Ọ hapụrụ mba Naijiria gaba mba [[Amerika]] mgbe odi afo iri na-iteghete. Na mba Amerika, o bidoro akwụkwo na [[Drexel University]] nke di na [[Philadelphia]], [[Pennsylvania]]. Site n'ebe ahụ, ọgụkwara na [[Eastern Connecticut State University]], [[Johns Hopkins University]], na [[Yale University]]. Ọtụtụ n'ime akwụkwọ Adichie degara nwere ngalaba obibi na [[Nsukka]] ebe azulitere ya na ntakiri. Ọbụ mgbe ọ na agụ akwụkwọ na mahadum ka obidoro debe akwụkwo. Ọ buru ụzọ dee akwukwo abụ ana-akpọ ''Decisions'' n'afọ 1997, nke n'eso ya bụ ''For Love of Biafra'' n'afọ 1998. Ọ turu ugo na mmara ndị mmadu mgbe ọdechara akwụkwọ akụkọ izizi ya bụ ''Purple Hibiscus''<ref>{{Cite web |last=Adichie |first=Chimamanda |title=Purple Hibiscus |url=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7261426 |access-date=2026-09-23 |website=www.wikidata.org |language=en}}</ref>. Adichie akpọla [[Chinua Achebe]] na [[Buchi Emecheta]] ndị ndu ya na ihe odide. Ihe ndị odegoro gbasara ukwu na ndọrọ ndọrọ jikọtara ndị ọcha na ndị ojii okachasi site na [[Ndị Igbo|ala Igbo]]. Adichie ma ekwu okwu ọha. Ọnyekwala ọtụtụ okwu mmechi na mmeghe akwụkwo mahadum di iche iche nke gụnyere [[Williams College]] (2017), [[Harvard University]] (2018), na [[American University]] (2019). Ọnyere okwu ndị [[TEDx]] ana-akpọ "The Danger of a Single Story" n'afọ 2009 ya na "We Should All Be Feminists" n'afọ 2012. Ụfọdụ okwu ya ka onye na ede ma na eto egwu [[Beyoncé]] tinyere na egwu ya akpọrọ ''Flawless''. Adichie atụrụla ọtụtụ ugo na ngalaba ịgụ akwụkwọ na ide akwụkwọ dịka [[MacArthur Fellowship]] n'afọ 2008 ma nnabata na otu ndị [[American Academy of Arts and Sciences]] n'afọ 2017. == Ndụ na mmalite == Aha enyere Adichie mgbe amụrụ ya bụ aha bekee Grace.<ref name="punchng">{{Cite news |last=Olonilua |first=Ademola |date=2 January 2021 |title=ICYMI: My parents did not name me Chimamanda, says author, Adichie |url=https://punchng.com/my-parents-did-not-name-me-chimamanda-says-author-adichie/ |access-date=25 March 2025 |newspaper=[[The Punch]]}}</ref> Amụrụ ya na 15 September n'afọ 1977 dika nwatakịrị nke ise na obodo [[Enugu]] nke Nigeria. Nne na nna ya bu [[ndi Igbo]].{{sfn|Mullane|2014}}{{sfn|Nwankwọ|2023}}{{sfn|Akinyoade|2021}} Nna ya bụ [[James Nwoye Adichie]] onye Abba, obodo nke di na ora [[Anambra]]. Nne ya bụ Grace Odigwe, onye [[Umunnachi]].{{sfn|''This Day''|2021}} Nna ya gụrụ mathematics na mahadum ana-akpọ [[University College, Ibadan]] ma tupu ọgụchaa akwụkwọ n'afọ 1957, ọ nụrụ Grace na 15 April n'afọ 1963,{{sfn|''The Sun''|2019}} wee kpọrọ ya jee [[Berkeley, California|Berkeley]] ebe ọgụrụ akwụkwọ maka ngalaba PhD na [[University of California|Mahadum nke Kalifornia]].{{sfn|MacFarquhar|2018}} Mgbe ha nọ na mba Amerika, nne na nna Adichie mụtara ụmụaka nwaanyị abuo: ljeoma Rosemary na Uchenna.{{sfn|''The Sun''|2019}} Nna ya lotara mba Nigeria ma bido ọrụ nkụzi na [[University of Nigeria, Nsukka|Mahadum nke Naijiria]] n'afo 1966.{{sfn|''The Sun''|2020}} Nne ya bidoro akwụkwọ mahadum nke ya n'afọ 1964 na [[Merritt College]] nke di na [[Oakland, California|Oakland]], California ebe ọ nwetara ngalaba na agụmakwụkwọ sociology mechakwaa nwetakwa ngalaba anthropology nke sitere na Mahadum nke Naijiria.{{sfn|''This Day''|2021}}{{sfn|Martin|2014}} Mgbe [[Agha Biafra]] bidoro n'afọ 1967, nna Adichie malitere ịrụ ọrụ na Biafran Manpower Directorate nke bu ụlọ ọrụ [[Biafra]].{{sfn|MacFarquhar|2018}}{{sfn|Obi-Young|2021}} Nne na nna ukwu Adichie nwụrụ na agha ahu.{{sfn|Adichie|2006}} Mgbe agha ahu kwụsịrị n'afọ 1970, nna ya laghachiri na Mahadum nke Naijiria,{{sfn|''The Sun''|2020}}{{sfn|MacFarquhar|2018}} ebe nne ya, onye ruru ọrụ na Enugu wee rue afọ 1973, bia bụrụ onye ọrụ na ndị isi ebe ahu; ọ mechara bụrụ [[Registrar (education)|registrar]] ma burukwa onye izi bu nwaanyị malitere ya bu ọrụ.{{sfn|''This Day''|2021}}{{sfn|Martin|2014}} Adichie nọrọ n'ụlọ obibi Mahadum nke Naijiria, n'ụlọ odee akwụkwọ bụ [[Chinua Achebe]] biri ikpeazụ.{{sfn|Murray|2007}} Umunne ya bụ Ijeoma Rosemary, Uchenna "Uche", Chukwunweike "Chuks", Okechukwu "Okey", na Kenechukwu "Kene".{{sfn|Anya|2005}}{{sfn|''The Sun''|2019}} Dika nwatakịrị, Adichie gụrụ naanị akwụkwọ akụkọ edere na-asụsụ bekee ọ kachasị nke [[Enid Blyton]].{{sfn|MacFarquhar|2018}} Akwukwo ndị ọzọ ọgụrụ dika nwatakịrị gụnyere akwụkwọ ebe ndị akoro akụkọ ha bụ ndị ọcha, ma nwee anya na-acha anụnụ anụnụ. Ha niile bu maka mba Britain.{{sfn|MacFarquhar|2018}}{{sfn|Obi-Young|2021}}{{sfn|Tunca|2011}} Mgbe o ruru afọ iri, ọ chọpụtara n'onwe ya akụkọ gbasara ndị [[Afrịka]]. Ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ dịka ''[[Things Fall Apart]]'' nke Chinua Achebe,{{sfn|Murray|2007}} ''[[The African Child]]'' nke [[Camara Laye]],{{sfn|Tunca|2011}} ''[[Weep Not, Child]]'' nke [[Ngũgĩ wa Thiong'o]] dere, na ''[[The Joys of Motherhood]]'' nke [[Buchi Emecheta]] dere.{{sfn|Obi-Young|2021}} N'afọ iri na atọ ejiri mụọ ya, Adichie bidoro ịgụ akwụkwọ akụkọ nna ya degara gbasara [[Biafra]]. Na njem ha na eje kwa afọ na obodo ha bụ Abba, ọ hụgara ụlọ gbachara ọkụ na mkpụrụ egbe gbachara nchara jupụtara na ala; ihe niile a bụ ihe ga enyere ya aka iji dee ụfọdụ akwụkwọ akụkọ ya.{{sfn|Obi-Young|2021}} Na nnata Sakramenti nke Nkwenye ana akpọ Konfameshọn na ụka Katoliki, Adichie zara Amanda. Ọbụ aha ahu k'ọzara n'akwụkwọ ya ndi mbu.<ref name="punchng"/>{{sfn|Nwankwọ|2023}}{{sfn|Anya|2005}} N'agụmakwụkwọ ya, a kụziiri Adichie ihe n'asụsụ Igbo ya na Bekee.{{sfn|Mullane|2014}} Ọ bụ ezie na asụsụ Igbo abụghị ihe a ma ama, ọ gara n'ihu na-amụ asụsụ ahụ n'oge niile ọ nọ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị.{{sfn|MacFarquhar|2018}} Ọ gụchara akwụkwọ sekọndrị ya n'ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị na Mahadum Nigeria, wee nweta akara ugo mmụta kacha elu nke sitere na otu [[West African Examinations Council]] (WAEC){{sfn|Anya|2005}} na ihe nrite agụmakwụkwọ.{{sfn|''Business Day''|2016}} A nabatara ya na Mahadum nke Nigeria, ebe ọ gụrụ ọgwụ na ọrụ ọgwụ (medicine and pharmacy) ruo otu afọ na ọkara.{{sfn|Agbo|2018b}} Ọ rụkwara ọrụ dị ka onye nchịkọta akụkọ maka ''The Compass'', nke bu magazin mahadum nke ụmụ akwụkwọ na-elekọta.{{sfn|Braimah|2018}} N'afọ 1997, mgbe ọ dị afọ 19, Adichie bipụtara ''Decisions'', nke bu nchịkọta uri, ma mesịa kwaga United States,{{sfn|Tunca|2011}} ka ọ gụọ maka ọmụmụ gbasara nkwukọrịta (Mass communications) na [[Drexel University]] dị na [[Philadelphia]], Pennsylvania.{{sfn|''Business Day''|2016}}{{sfn|Braimah|2018}} N'afọ 1998, o dere egwuregwu a na-akpọ ''For Love of Biafra'', nke bụ mbọ mbụ o gbara iji nyochaa isiokwu gbasara agha.{{sfn|Tunca|2011}} E dere ọrụ ndị a mbụ n'okpuru aha bụ́ Amanda N. Adichie.{{sfn|Nwankwọ|2023}} Afọ abụọ ka ọ kwagara United States, ọ gbanwere gaa [[Eastern Connecticut State University]] dị na [[Willimantic, Connecticut]], ebe ya na nwanne ya nwanyị bụ Ijeoma, onye nke bụkwa dọkịta, bi.{{sfn|Mullane|2014}} N'afọ 2000, Adichie bipụtara obere akụkọ ya akpọrọ "My Mother, the Crazy African",{{sfn|Adichie|2000}} nke na-atụle nsogbu ndị na-ebilite mgbe mmadụ na-ebi n'etiti omenala abụọ dị nnọọ iche n'ebe ibe ha nọ.{{sfn|Tunca|2010|pages=297–298}} Mgbe ọ gụchara nzere mbụ ya na mahadum, ọ gara n'ihu n'ọmụmụ ihe ya ma na-achụkwa ọrụ ide ihe n'otu oge ahụ.{{sfn|Tunca|2011}} Mgbe ọ nọ n'afọ ikpeazụ ya na Eastern Connecticut, ọ na-ede edemede maka akwụkwọ akụkọ mahadum ahụ bụ ''Campus Lantern.''{{sfn|Braimah|2018}} Ọ nwetara nzere bachelọ ya n'ọkwa kachasị elu (nke a maara dị ka ''[[summa cum laude]]'') na ngalaba sayensị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, ya na ngalaba nkwukọrịta dị ka obere ngalaba ọmụmụ, n'afọ 2001.{{sfn|Mullane|2014}}{{sfn|Braimah|2018}} Ọ nwetara nzere mastas na ide akụkọ ifo (creative writing) site na [[Johns Hopkins University]] n'afọ 2003,{{sfn|Braimah|2018}}{{sfn|Krieger|2015}} ma n'ime afọ abụọ sochirinụ, ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka Hodder Fellow na [[Princeton University]], ebe ọ kụziri ihe gbasara mmalite ide akụkọ ifo.{{sfn|Tunca|2011}}{{sfn|''Business Day''|2016}} Ọ malitere ọmụmụ ihe na [[Yale University]], ma gụchaa nzere mastas nke abụọ na ngalaba ọmụmụ gbasara Afrịka (African studies) n'afọ 2008.{{sfn|Mullane|2014}}{{sfn|Tunca|2011}} N'otu afọ ahụ, Adichie nwetara onyinye [[MacArthur Fellowship]],{{sfn|Irvine|2008}} tinyere ihe nrite agụmakwụkwọ ndị ọzọ, gụnyere ohere mmemme [[Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study at Harvard University]] maka afọ 2011–2012.{{sfn|Okachie|2011}} == Ọrụ == ===2003: Mmalite odide akwụkwọ na mbipụta izizi=== Mgbe ọ na-agụ akwụkwọ na mba Amerịka, Adichie malitere odide akwụkwọ akụkọ mbụ ya, ''[[Purple Hibiscus]]''. {{sfn|Obi-Young|2021}} mgbe ọ dechara ya, ozigara akwụkwọ edemede ya nye ụlọ ọrụ mbipụta akwụkwọ na ndị na-ede akwụkwọ, ndị jụrụ ya ma ọ bụ rịọ ya ka ọ gbanwee ọnọdụ akwụkwọ ahụ site na Afrịka gaa na Amerịka, ka o wee mee ka ọ mara ndị na-agụ akwụkwọ nke ọma. N'ikpeazụ, Djana Pearson Morris, onye nnọchi anya odee akwụkwọ n'ihu ndị mbiputa akwụkwọ na-arụ ọrụ na Pearson Morris na Belt Literary Management, nabatara akwụkwọ edemede ahụ.{{sfn|Obi-Young|2021}} Ọ bụ ezie na Morris ghọtara na ahịa ga-esiri ike ebe Adichie bụ onye ojii mana ọ bụghị onye Africa-America ma ọ bụ onye Caribbean, o nyefere ya ndị mbipụta akwụkwọ ahụ ruo mgbe [[Algonquin Books]], obere ụlọ ọrụ nọọrọ onwe ya, nabatara ma bipụta ya na 2003. Na 2004, [[Fourth Estate (imprint)|Fourth Estate]] bipụtara akwụkwọ akụkọ ahụ na United Kingdom, ebe [[Kachifo Limited]] bipụtara ya na Naịjirịa.{{sfn|Obi-Young|2018}} N'oge ahụ, Adichie were onye nnọchi anya akwụkwọ Sarah Chalfant nke [[Andrew Wylie (onye nnọchi anya akwụkwọ)|Wylie Agency]] ka ọ nọchite anya ya. Atụgharịala ''Purple Hibiscus'' n'ihe karịrị asụsụ iri anọ.{{sfn|Obi-Young|2021}} ===2006–2012: mbipụta akwụkwọ akụkọ nke abụọ na atọ=== Mgbe akwụkwọ akụkọ mbụ ya gasịrị, Adichie malitere ide nke abụọ ya ''[[Half of a Yellow Sun]]'', nke ọ rụrụ ọrụ na ya ruo afọ anọ. N'ihi na akwụkwọ akụkọ ahụ gbasaara [[agha Biafra]],{{sfn|MacFarquhar|2018}}{{sfn|McGrath|2006}} Adichie jiri akụkọ nna ya gbasara ya bu agha, tinyere ịgụ akwụkwọ ndị ọzọ nke gụnyere akwụkwọ akụkọ [[Buchi Emecheta]] nke afọ 1982 nke ana-akpọ ''[[Ebe Biafra Na-aga]]''.{{sfn|McGrath|2006}}{{sfn|Busby|2017}} E bipụtara akwụkwọ akụkọ ahụ n'afọ 2006 site n'aka [[Vintage Books|Anchor Books]], akara azụmaahịa nke [[Alfred A. Knopf]], onye wepụtakwara akwụkwọ ahụ n'okpuru akara Vintage nke di na Kanada. E bipụtara ya ọzọkwa na mba France dịka {{lang|fr|L'autre moitié du soleil}} n'afọ 2008 site n'aka [[Éditions Gallimard]].{{sfn|Madueke|2019|page=49}} Mgbe ọ na-emecha mmemme Hodder na MacArthur n'afọ 2008, Adichie malitere ịchịkọta akụkọ ndị dị mkpirikpi o bipụtalarị na magazin dị iche iche.{{sfn|Obi-Young|2021}} Akụkọ iri na abụọ ka chịkọtara n'akwụkwọ nke atọ ya na nchịkọta akụkọ obere akụkọ mbụ ya, ''[[The Thing Around Your Neck]]'', nke Knopf bipụtara n'afọ 2009.{{sfn|''Kirkus Reviews''|2009}} N'otu afọ ahụ, o nyere nkuzi ndi [[TED (conference)|TED]] nke akpọrọ "[[The Dangers of a Single Story]]".{{sfn|Wagner|2015}} Na 15 Maachị 2012, Adichie ghọrọ onye kacha nta n'ime ndị kacha nta n'ime [[Commonwealth Foundation|Commonwealth Lecture]].{{sfn|Calkin|2013}}{{sfn|Stephen-David|2013}} E mere ihe ngosi a na [[Guildhall, London|Guildhall]] na London, na-ekwu maka isiokwu bụ "Ịjikọ Omenala".{{sfn|Stephen-David|2013}} Na 2012 kwa, o kwuru okwu isiokwu ya bụ "[[Anyị Kwesịrị Ịbụ Ndị Na-eme Ihe n'Ụzọ Ụmụ Nwanyị (okwu)|Anyị Kwesịrị Ịbụ Ndị Na-eme Ihe n'Ụzọ Ụmụ Nwanyị]]" maka TEDxEuston na London.{{sfn|Wagner|2015}}{{sfn|Behrmann|2017|p=316}} ===2013–2019: ''Americanah'' na ''Dear Ijeawele, or A Feminist Manifesto in Fifteen Suggestions''=== [[File:Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie at a signing in Berlin, Germany on 16 May 2014 (cropped).jpg|thumb|right|alt=Nwanyị nọ ọdụ n'oche na-abịanye aka n'akwụkwọ, gbara ya gburugburu site na ìgwè mmadụ ndị ọzọ|Adichie n'oge ịgụ na ịbị aka n'akwụkwọ ọrụ ya ''[[Americanah]]'' na [[Berlin]], Germany (2014)]] Akwụkwọ akụkọ nke atọ Adichie dere by ''[[Americanah]]'' nke e bipụtara na 14 Mee n'afọ 2013 site n'aka Alfred A. Knopf.{{sfn|Obi-Young|2021}} E bipụtara ya na France site n'aka [[Éditions Gallimard]] na 2015.{{sfn|''France 24''|2015}} Ọ bụ onye edemede nleta na [[Mahadum Michigan–Flint]] na 2014. Usoro nleta ndị edemede Afrịka a ma ama/Ndị nka Afrịka na ndị Africa bi na mba ọzọ chọrọ ka ọ soro ụmụ akwụkwọ na ndị nkuzi si ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị na mahadum, ndị na-akwado ọbá akwụkwọ ọha na eze dị n'ógbè ahụ, na obodo ahụ dum na mkparịta ụka, ogbako, na nkuzi ndị tụlere ''Purple Hibiscus'', ''Americanah'', na ahụmịhe ide ihe nkeonwe ya. E tinyere obere ihe nkiri sitere na okwu ya bụ "Ihe Ize Ndụ nke Akụkọ Otu" na "Anyị Kwesịrị Ịbụ Ndị Na-eme Ihe Ike n'Ụmụ Nwanyị" n'ụfọdụ ihe omume ma kparịta ya n'isiokwu ajụjụ na azịza mgbe e mechara ihe ngosi ya dị iche iche.{{sfn|Ememyonu|2017|p=3}} Na 2015, Adichie kwuru okwu mmalite maka [[Wellesley College]].{{sfn|Anasuya|2015}} O so hazie [[PEN World Voices|PEN World Voices Festival of International Literature]] nke 2015 na New York City, ya na onye nduzi ememme ahụ bụ Laszlo Jakab Orsos.{{sfn|Lee|2015}}{{sfn|Sefa-Boakye|2015}} O mechiri emume ahụ site na nkuzi ya bụ "Arthur Miller Freedom to Write" gbasara mmachibido iwu na mmegide megide ikpe na-ezighị ezi.{{sfn|Lee|2015}} N'afọ 2015, Adichie dere ozi email nye enyi ya ma mechaa tinye ya na [[Facebook]] na 2016. Okwu ndị e kwuru gbasara post ahụ mere ka o kweta ịtụgharị post ahụ ka ọ bụrụ akwụkwọ, ''[[Dear Ijeawele, ma ọ bụ A Feminist Manifesto in Fifteen Suggestions]]'',{{sfn|Greenberg|2017}} nke e bipụtara na 2017.{{sfn|Bhuta|2018|p=319}} Na 2016, [[BBC]] kpọrọ ya ka ọ bịa na ''[[Newsnight]]'' ma kwuo echiche ya gbasara ntuli aka nke [[Donald Trump]] nke 2016]. Mgbe ọ rutere na studio ahụ, a gwara ya na usoro ahụ ga-abụ arụmụka n'etiti ya na [[R. Emmett Tyrrell, Jr.]], onye na-akwado Trump na [[onye nchịkọta akụkọ]] nke ''[[The American Spectator]]'', magazin nchekwa.{{sfn|Pearce|2017}}{{sfn|Cain|2016}} Mgbe ọ chọrọ ịpụ na ajụjụ ọnụ ahụ, o kpebiri ịga n'ihu n'ihi na ọ chọrọ ịtụle echiche ya gbasara otu enweghị ikike akụ na ụba si mee ka Trump merie.{{sfn|Pearce|2017}} Arụmụka ahụ ghọrọ ihe mmegide mgbe Tyrrell kwuru, sị: "Anaghị m azaghachi mmetụta uche dị ka nwanyị a,"{{sfn|Cain|2016}} wee kwupụta na "Trump abụghị onye ịkpa ókè agbụrụ".{{sfn|''Mgbọrọgwụ''|2016}} Adichie jụrụ okwu ya, dịka ọmụmaatụ na-ezo aka na nkwupụta Trump na Onyeikpe [[Gonzalo P. Curiel]] enweghị ike ịnọ n'ihu n'okwu ahụ ''[[Trump Mahadum#Low megide Mahadum Trump, LLC|Low megide Mahadum Trump]]'' n'ihi ihe nketa ya na Mexico.{{sfn |''Mkpọrọgwụ''|2016}} Mgbe arụmụka ahụ gasịrị, o dere na ibe Facebook ya na ọ dị ya ka BBC na-eche ya ihu, na ha "ji aghụghọ [na-agba ya] megide onye na-akwado Trump" iji mepụta ntụrụndụ mmegide. Na nzaghachi, BBC rịọrọ mgbaghara maka ịghara ịgwa ya ụdị ajụjụ ọnụ ahụ, mana o kwuru na ha chepụtara mmemme ahụ iji nye echiche ziri ezi.{{sfn|Cain|2016}} [[Faịlụ:Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie 2020 (cropped).jpg|alt=Nwanyị guzoro n'elu ikpo okwu. E nwere mbadamba ihe n'elu ikpo okwu ebe ọ na-agụ ihe.|left|thumb|Adichie n'elu ikpo okwu onye na-ekwu okwu n'oge {{ill|Congreso Futuro|es}}, [[Santiago]], Chile, na 2020]] Adichie kwuru okwu Eudora Welty nke abụọ kwa afọ na 8 Nọvemba 2017 na [[Lincoln Theatre (Washington, D.C.)|Lincoln Theatre]] na Washington, D.C.{{sfn|Luckett|2018|p=155}} N'afọ ahụ, o kwukwara okwu na nnọkọ mba ofesi nke e mere na Mahadum Johns Hopkins gbasara adịghị ike nke olileanya n'ihu ọnọdụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị dị ugbu a.{{sfn|Pearce|2017}} Adichie na [[Hillary Clinton]] kwuru okwu PEN World Voices Festival nke 2018, Arthur Miller Freedom to Write Lecture na [[Cooper Union]] na Manhattan. Ọ bụ ezie na okwu a lekwasịrị anya n'ihe gbasara ụmụ nwanyị na nnyocha, ajụjụ Adichie mere gbasara ihe mere profaịlụ Clinton [[Twitter]] ji malite site na "nwunye" kama ihe ndị o mere ghọrọ isi ihe ndị mgbasa ozi na-elekwasị anya, {{sfn|Abimbola|2018}}{{sfn|Grady|2018}}{{sfn|Adebayo|2018}} kpaliri Clinton ịgbanwe akụkọ ndụ ya na Twitter.{{sfn|Adebayo|2018}} Mgbe e mesịrị n'afọ ahụ, o kwuru okwu na [[Frankfurt Book Fair]] na Germany gbasara imebi usoro nke na-eme ka olu ụmụ nwanyị ghara ịdị mma.{{sfn|Saeed|2018}} Na 2019, dịka akụkụ nke usoro nkuzi nke Chancellor, o kwuru okwu "Onye edemede, onye na-eche echiche, onye na-achọ ihe: onye na-egosi ndụ" na Langford Auditorium nke [[Vanderbilt University]]. Okwu ahụ lekwasịrị anya n'ọganihu ya dịka onye na-akọ akụkọ, na ihe kpatara ya ji emeso enweghị nha anya n'usoro iji mepụta ụwa nke na-agụnye mmadụ niile.{{sfn|Gonçalves|2019}} Adichie abụrụla onye isi okwu n'ọtụtụ ogbako ụwa.{{sfn|Bernardi|Picarelli|2022|pp=218–219}} Na 2018, o kwuru okwu na Mgbakọ Mba Nile nke Igbo nke asaa kwa afọ.{{sfn|Ekpo|2018}} O kwuru okwu na Mgbakọ Ọrụ Ndị Mmadụ nke Hilton nke [[Conrad N. Hilton Foundation]] na 2019.{{sfn|Rios|2019}} O kwuru okwu gbasara ime ihe ike na nkuzi Gabriel García Márquez nke mbụ na [[Cartagena, Colombia]] n'otu afọ ahụ.{{sfn|Rojas|2019}} Adichie bụ onye Afrịka mbụ kwuru okwu na Ụbọchị Klas nke [[Yale University]], ebe o kwuru okwu nkuzi n'afọ 2019.{{sfn|''Vanguard''|2019}} ===2020–ugbu a: Mbipụta akwụkwọ ụmụaka, mgbasa ọrụ=== Na 2020, Adichie bipụtara "Zikora", akụkọ dị mkpirikpi gbasara mmekọahụ na ịbụ nne na-alụbeghị di,{{sfn|Law|2020}} na edemede akpọrọ "Ndetu na Iru újú" na ''[[The New Yorker]]'', mgbe nna ya nwụsịrị. O gbasaa edemede ahụ ka ọ bụrụ [[Ndetu gbasara mwute|akwụkwọ nke otu aha ahụ]] nke [[Fourth Estate (imprint)|Fourth Estate]] bipụtara n'afọ sochirinụ.{{sfn|Iju Mmiri|2021a}}{{sfn|Lozada|2021}} N'afọ 2020, Adichie bipụtara ''[[We Should All Be Feminists]]'' na mbipụta maka ụmụaka, nke Leire Salaberria sere.{{sfn|''Diario de Sevilla''|2020}} E nyere ikike maka ntụgharị ya maka mbipụta na asụsụ Croatian, French, Korean, Portuguese, na Spanish.{{sfn|''Foreign Rights Catalog''|2021|p=109}} O kwuru okwu isi okwu na 2020 {{ill|Congreso Futuro|es}} (Ọgbakọ Ọdịnihu) na [[Santiago]], Chile.{{sfn|Espinoza Cárdenas|2020}} Ọ bụ onye isi okwu n'emume akwụkwọ mba ụwa nke Reykjavik nke afọ 2021 nke emere na sinima {{lang|is|Háskólbíó}} na [[Mahadum nke Iceland]], ma kwuo okwu ahụ bụ "In Pursuit of Joy: On Storytelling, Feminism, and Changing My Mind".{{sfn|''RIKK''|2021}} Na 30 Nọvemba 2022, Adichie kwuru okwu mbụ n'ime [[BBC]] nke afọ 2022 [[Reith Lectures]], nke sitere n'okwu [[Franklin D. Roosevelt]] nke "[[Four Freedoms]]" kpaliri.{{sfn|BBC Radio|2022}} Adichie ji otu afọ na ọkara rụọ ọrụ n'akwụkwọ mbụ ya nke ụmụ ya, ''[[Mama's Sleeping Scarf]]'', nke e dere na 2019 ma bipụta ya na 2023 site na ya. [[HarperCollins]] n'okpuru aha njirimara "Nwa Grace na James".{{efn|Aha njirimara "Nwa Grace na James" bụ nraranye Adichie nyere ndị mụrụ ya, dịka Nwa pụtara "child" n'asụsụ bekee.{{sfn|Obi-Young|2022}}{{sfn|Ibeh|2022}}}}{{sfn|Obi-Young|2022}} Ihe osise maka akwụkwọ a bụ nke Joelle Avelino, onye di mba Congo na Angola.{{sfn|Ibeh|2022}} N'afọ 2025, Adichie bipụtara akwụkwọ akụkọ ''[[Dream Count]]'', nke bụ akụkọ gbasara ụmụ nwanyị anọ si Africa, bụ ndị ndụ ha na-ejikọta ọnụ ka ha na-eche ihu ịhụnanya, mfu, na ntachi obi n'ofe Naịjirịa na Amerịka.<ref>{{cite web|last=Cummins |first=Anthony |date=2 Maachị 2025 |title=Dream Count nke Chimamanda Ngozi Nyocha Adichie - mkparịta ụka doro anya na ndị enyi |url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2025/mar/02/dream-count-by-chimamanda-ngozi-adichie-review-candid-conversations-with-friends |access-date=8 Maachị 2025 |work=The Guardian |language=en-GB |issn=0261-3077}}</ref> Mgbe ewepụtara akwụkwọ akụkọ a, Adichie malitere njem nleta ụlọ na Naịjirịa, yana mmemme ndị dị mkpa emere na Lagos (June 27), Abuja (Julaị 3), na Enugu (Julaị 5).<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-08-05 |title=Chimamanda Ngozi Njem Nrọ Adichie nke Ịlaghachi n'Ụlọ: Akwụkwọ Akụkọ Foto |url=https://brittlepaper.com/2025/08/chimamanda-ngozi-adichies-dream-count-homecoming-tour-a-photo-diary/ |access-date=2026-07-07 |website=Brittle Paper |language=en-US}}</ref> Dịka akụkụ nke njem ya, Adichie jere ozi dị ka ọkà okwu dị mkpa na [[Things Fall Apart Festival]].<ref>{{Cite news |last=Egbejule |first=Eromo |last2=Chijioke |first2=Arinze |date=2025-07-09 |title=‘Anyị ga-adị n'otu’: Mkpu Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie na emume akwụkwọ Naịjirịa |url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2025/jul/09/we-must-unite-chimamanda-ngozi-adichie-nigerian-literature-festival-igbo-culture |access-date=2026-07-07 |work=The Guardian |language=en-GB |issn=0261-3077}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Adeduyite |first=Okiki |date=2025-05-14 |title=Chimamanda Adichie ga-abụ isi okwu maka emume Things Fall Apart nke 2025 na Enugu |url=https://punchng.com/chimamanda-adichie-to-headline-2025-things-fall-apart-festival-in-enugu/ |access-date=2026-07-07 |website=Punch Newspapers |language=en-US}}</ref> == Ụdị na isiokwu == === Ụdị ide ihe === Adichie ji ma Igbo ma Bekee mee ihe n'ọrụ ya,{{sfn|Ishaya|Gunn|2022|pages=73–74}} yana ahịrịokwu Igbo e gosiri na italics, wee soro ya na ntụgharị Bekee.{{sfn|Ishaya|Gunn|2022|page=78}} Ọ na-eji ihe atụ iji kpalite ahụmịhe mmetụta uche,{{sfn|Tunca|2010|page=296}} dịka ọmụmaatụ, ọbịbịa nke eze iji maa ndị ọchịchị na ndị ndú okpukpe aka na ''Purple Hibiscus'' na-anọchite anya [[Palm Sunday]].{{sfn|Dube|2019|page=225}} Ojiji ya nke asụsụ na-ezo aka na ''[[Things Fall Apart]]'' nke Achebe na-akpọku ndị na-agụ akwụkwọ ya ncheta ọrụ ya.{{sfn|Dube|2019|pages=226–227}} N'otu aka ahụ, aha Kambili, agwa dị na ''Purple Hibiscus'', na-akpọ "{{lang|ig|i biri ka m biri}}" ("Dị Ndụ ma Ka Ndụ"), aha egwu nke onye egwu Igbo [[Oliver De Coque]].{{sfn|Nwankwọ|2023|page=7}} Iji kọwaa ọnọdụ tupu agha na mgbe agha gasịrị, ọ na-esi n'ezi ihe gaa n'ọkacha njọ dịka a hụrụ na ''Half of a Yellow Sun'', ebe otu n'ime ndị agwa ya malitere site n'imepe friji wee hụ oroma, biya, na "ọkụkọ na-egbuke egbuke". Ndị a dị iche na nke e mesịrị na akwụkwọ akụkọ ebe otu n'ime ndị agwa ya nwụrụ n'ihi agụụ, a manyekwara ndị ọzọ iri àkwá na ngwere ntụ ntụ.{{sfn|Mbah|2015|page=352}} Adichie na-ejikarị ebe ndị dị adị na ndị ama ama akụkọ ihe mere eme dọta ndị na-agụ akwụkwọ n'akụkọ ya.{{sfn|Ejikeme|2017|p=312}} N'ịmepụta agwa, Adichie na-ejikarị echiche ya eme ihe iji tụnyere ọdịiche dị n'etiti omenala ọdịnala na nke ọdịda anyanwụ.{{sfn|Tunca|2010|page=295}} Akụkọ ya na-egosikarị omenala ndị dara ada, ọkachasị ndị na-ahapụ agwa ya n'ọnọdụ dị njọ n'etiti nhọrọ ọjọọ.{{sfn|Tunca|2010|page=305}} Mgbe ụfọdụ, ọ na-emepụta agwa dị ka [[archetype]] nke akụkụ ụfọdụ nke omume omenala iji mepụta [[Foil (akụkọ)|foil]] maka agwa dị mgbagwoju anya karị.{{sfn|Tunca|2010|page=297}} ==== Omenala ndi Igbo ==== Adichie na-enye ndị odide ya aha a na-akpọkarị maka agbụrụ e bu n'obi, dịka [[Muhammad (aha)|Mohammed]] maka agwa Alakụba.{{sfn|Nwankwọ|2023|pages=5–6}} Maka ndị Igbo, ọ na-emepụta aha ndị na-egosi omenala aha Igbo ma na-egosipụta àgwà, àgwà, na mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya.{{sfn|Nwankwọ|2023|pages=2–3}} Dịka ọmụmaatụ, na ''Ọkara nke Anyanwụ Odo'', aha agwa ahụ bụ Ọlanna pụtara n'ezie "Ọlaedo Chineke", mana Nwankwọ na-ekwu na "ọla" pụtara ihe dị oke ọnụ ahịa ebe "nna" pụtara Chineke nna ma ọ bụ nne na nna.{{sfn|Nwankwọ|2023|page=5}} Site n'ịhapụ aha Igbo a ma ama, Adichie na-eme ka ndị odide ya nwee ọtụtụ agbụrụ, okike na ọtụtụ, zuru ụwa ọnụ. personas.{{sfn|Nwankwọ|2023|page=3}} Ọ naghị eji aha Bekee eme ihe maka agwa Afrịka mana, mgbe ọ na-eme ya, ọ bụ ngwaọrụ iji gosipụta àgwà ma ọ bụ omume ọjọọ.{{sfn|Nwankwọ|2023|p=4}} Adichie jiri ihe osise sitere na ọdịnala ọnụ Igbo mee ihe iji gosipụta eziokwu n'ụdị [[akụkọ ifo akụkọ ihe mere eme]].{{sfn|Egbunike|2017|pages=18–19}} Ọ na-emebi omenala n'ụzọ dị iche na akwụkwọ ọdịnala Afrịka, ebe ọ bụ na ụmụ nwanyị na-ede akwụkwọ anaghị anọghị na Naịjirịa [[Canon (ụkpụrụ bụ isi)|akwụkwọ edemede]],{{sfn|Hewett|2005|page=77}} na a na-elegharakarị ndị inyom anya ma ọ bụ na-eje ozi dị ka ihe nkwado maka ndị ikom na-etinye aka na ndụ mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na akụ na ụba nke obodo ahụ.{{sfn|Vanzanten|2015|pages=87–88}} Ụdị ejiji ya na-elekwasịkarị anya na ụmụ nwanyị siri ike ma na-agbakwụnye echiche nwoke na nwanyị na isiokwu ndị ndị edemede ndị ọzọ nyochaburu, dị ka ọchịchị ndị ọchịchị, okpukperechi, na mmekọrịta ike.{{sfn|Hewett|2005|page=80}}{{sfn|Vanzanten|2015|page=90}} Adichie na-ekewakarị ndị odide n'ime klaasị mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya iji gosipụta enweghị nghọtahie na usoro ọdịnala.{{sfn|Ndula|2017|pp=32}}{{sfn|Sharobeem|2015|p=26}} Site n'iji akụkọ sitere n'aka ndị odide nke akụkụ dị iche iche nke ọha mmadụ, dịka ọ na-ekwughachi n'okwu TED ya, "Ihe Ize Ndụ nke Akụkọ Otu", ọ na-ezipụ ozi na enweghị otu eziokwu gbasara ihe gara aga.{{sfn|Ejikeme|2017|p=309}} Adichie na-agba ndị na-agụ akwụkwọ ya ume ka ha mata ọrụ nke ha nye ibe ha, na ikpe na-ezighị ezi dị n'ụwa.{{sfn|Carotenuto|2017|p=173}} Ọkà mmụta Naịjirịa bụ Stanley Ordu na-akọwa echiche nwanyị Adichie dị ka [[Nwanyị|onye na-achọ ụmụ nwanyị]] n'ihi na nyocha ya banyere usoro nna ochie gafere mmeso mmekọahụ megide ụmụ nwanyị na [[Misandry|onye na-achọghị nwoke]], kama ile anya na mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya na akụ na ụba, ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị. na nsogbu agbụrụ ụmụ nwanyị na-eche ihu iji lanarị ma soro ụmụ nwoke na-arụkọ ọrụ.{{sfn|Ordu|2021|pp=61–63}} Dịka ọmụmaatụ, na ''Purple Hibiscus'', agwa Anti Ifeoma na-egosi echiche nwanyị site n'ime ka ndị ezinụlọ niile rụọ ọrụ dịka otu na nkwenye, ka e wee jiri talent onye ọ bụla mee ihe ruo n'ókè kachasị elu ha nwere.{{sfn|Ordu|2021|p=70}} N'ọrụ ya dịka ide ihe na ikwu okwu n'ihu ọha, Adichie tinyere ihe ọchị, ma jiri okwu [[anecdote]]s, okwu njakịrị na okwu mkparị mee ka otu echiche pụta ìhè.{{sfn|Anasuya|2015}}{{sfn|Anthony|2023}} Adichie etolitela echiche [[Pan-Africanism|Pan-Africanist]] nke oge a gbasara okwu gbasara okike, na-ebelata mmasị n'ụzọ ndị ọdịda anyanwụ si ahụ Afrịka ma na-enwekwu mmasị n'otú Afrịka si ahụ onwe ya.{{sfn|Dabiri|2015}} === Isiokwu di iche iche === N'ime mkparịta ụka Adichie na onye edemede Kenya [[Binyavanga Wainaina]] na 2011, o kwuru na isi ihe dị n'ọrụ ya bụ ịhụnanya.{{sfn|Tunca|2018|page=111}} Site n'iji arụmụka ndị inyom "[[Onye ahụ bụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị]]", ịhụnanya n'ọrụ ya na-egosipụtakarị site na njirimara omenala, njirimara onwe onye na ọnọdụ mmadụ, na otu esemokwu mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị si emetụta atọ ahụ.{{sfn|Tunca|2018|page=112}} Adichie na-enyochakarị njikọ nke klaasị, omenala, okike, (mgbe-) ọchịchị alaeze ukwu gasịrị, ike, agbụrụ na okpukperechi.{{sfn|Dube|2019|page=222}} Ọgụ bụ isiokwu kachasị mkpa n'akwụkwọ ndị Afrịka,{{sfn|Hewett|2005|p=76}} ọrụ ya na-agbaso omenala ahụ site n'inyocha ezinụlọ, obodo, na mmekọrịta.{{sfn|Hewett|2005|pp=79–80}} Nnyocha ya gafere esemokwu ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na mgba maka ikike, ma na-enyochakarị ụmụ mmadụ.{{sfn|Hewett|2005|p=90}} Ọtụtụ n'ime ihe odide ya na-ekwu maka otu ndị odide ya si eme ka ha na ndị nwere mwute dị na ndụ ha{{sfn|Hewett|2005|p=84}} na otu ha si agbanwe site n'ịbụ ndị na-enweghị olu na ndị na-enweghị olu gaa n'inwe ike onwe ha na inwe ike ịkọ akụkọ nke ha.{{sfn|Hewett|2005|pp=85–86}} Ọrụ Adichie na-enyochakarị njirimara omenala,{{sfn|Tunca|2010|p=295}} karịsịa njirimara Igbo nke na-eme emume asụsụ Igbo na [[omenala Igbo|omenala]], ma na-egosi ịhụnanya mba Afrịka, n'ozuzu ya.{{sfn|Ishaya|Gunn|2022|p=74}} Ide ihe ya bụ mkparịta ụka ebumnobi ya na ndị ọdịda anyanwụ, ebumnuche iweghachite ùgwù na mmadụ nke ndị Afrịka.{{sfn|Tunca|2018|p=111}} Isi okwu na-emegharị n'ọrụ Adichie bụ Agha Biafra. Agha ahụ bụ "oge doro anya" n'akụkọ ihe mere eme mgbe ọchịchị Naịjirịa gasịrị, inyocha esemokwu ahụ na-egosi ụzọ e si hazie njirimara mba ahụ. ''Ọkara nke Anyanwụ Odo'', ọrụ ya dị mkpa n'agha ahụ, na-egosi etu amụma, nrụrụ aka, nkwenye okpukpe na esemokwu si mee ka a chụpụ ndị Igbo wee manye ha ịbanyeghachi na mba ahụ.{{sfn|Hewett|2005|p=79}}{{sfn|Abba|2021|p=5}} Ihe abụọ a mere nwere ihe si na ya pụta, Adichie na-egosikwa agha ahụ dị ka ọnyá na-agwọbeghị n'ihi na ndị isi ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị anaghị achọ idozi nsogbu ndị kpalitere ya.{{sfn|Abba|2021|p=3}} Mahadum Naịjirịa, Nsukka pụtara ọzọ n'akwụkwọ akụkọ Adichie iji gosi mgbanwe agụmakwụkwọ n'ịzụlite mmụọ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, ma gosipụta mkpali nke [[Pan-Africanism|Pan-African psychology]] na ọchịchọ maka nnwere onwe na ''Half of a Yellow Sun''. Ọ pụtara na ''Purple Hibiscus'' na ''Americanah'' dị ka ebe ụmụ akwụkwọ na-eguzogide ọchịchị aka ike site na [[nnupụisi obodo]] na [[Mkpesa|nkwenye]].{{sfn|Egbunike|2017|page=20}} Mahadum ahụ na-akụzi akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ndị ọchịchị ma na-emepụta ụzọ isi lụso mgbagwoju anya ya ọgụ site na [[ihe ọmụma ọdịnala|ihe ọmụma ndị obodo]],{{sfn|Egbunike|2017|page=21}} site n'ịghọta na akwụkwọ ndị ọchịchị na-akọ naanị akụkụ nke akụkọ ahụ ma na-ebelata onyinye ndị Africa.{{sfn|Egbunike|2017|page=22}} Adichie gosipụtara nke a na ''Ọkara Anyanwụ Odo'', mgbe onye nkuzi mgbakọ na mwepụ {{lang|ig|Odenigbo|italics=no}}, kọwara nwa okorobịa ya n'ụlọ, {{lang|ig|Ugwu|italics=no}}, na ọ ga-amụta n'ụlọ akwụkwọ na [[Niger] otu nwoke ọcha aha ya bụ [[Mungo Park (onye na-enyocha)|Mungo Park]] chọtara Osimiri]], ọ bụ ezie na ndị obodo ahụ azụọla azụ̀ n'osimiri ahụ ruo ọtụtụ ọgbọ. Agbanyeghị, Odenigbo dọrọ Ugwu aka ná ntị na, ọ bụ ezie na akụkọ banyere nchọpụta Park bụ ụgha, ọ ghaghị iji azịza na-ezighi ezi mee ihe ma ọ bụghị ya, ọ ga-ada ule ya.{{sfn|Egbunike|2017|page=21}} Ọrụ Adichie gbasara [[ndị Africa bi na mba ọzọ]] na-enyocha isiokwu nke ịbụ onye otu, mgbanwe na ịkpa ókè mgbe niile.{{sfn|Tunca|2010|page=296}} A na-egosikarị nke a dị ka agụụ imekọ ihe ọnụ ma a na-egosipụta ya site na ndị odide na-agbanwe aha ha,{{sfn|Tunca|2010|page=297}} isiokwu a na-ahụkarị na akụkọ ifo Adiche, nke na-egosi ihu abụọ.{{sfn|Tunca|2010|pages=299–300}} Site n'iji isiokwu nke mbata na ọpụpụ, ọ nwere ike ịmepụta mkparịta ụka gbasara otu esi agbanwe echiche na njirimara nke ndị odide ya site na ibi na mba ọzọ na izute omenala dị iche iche.{{sfn|Bragg|2017|p=130}} N'ime "Dear Ijeawele ma ọ bụ A Feminist Manifesto in Fifteen Suggestions" ọ tụlere isiokwu njirimara nke na-apụta na "Purple Hibiscus"', "Half of a Yellow Sun"', na "The Thing Around Your Neck" dịka echiche efu nke ọdịdị ahụ ụmụ nwanyị ojii, ntutu isi ha na ihe ha na-eme.{{sfn|Sebola|2022|pp=1–2}} "Dear Ijeawele" na-emesi ike mkpa ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nke iji aha ndị Africa eme ihe,{{sfn|Sebola|2022|pp=2–3}} ịjụ [[Mkpawa dabere na agba akpụkpọ ahụ|agba]],{{sfn|Sebola|2022|pp=3–4}} na-egosipụta nnwere onwe ikwu okwu n'otú ha si eyi ntutu isi ha (gụnyere ịjụ ịchọ ịmata ihe gbasara ya){{sfn|Sebola|2022|p=5}} na izere [[commodification]], dị ka ule alụmdi na nwunye, nke Na-ebelata uru nwanyị gaa na nke ihe nrite, na-ahụ naanị uru ya dị ka nwunye nwoke.{{sfn|Sebola|2022|p=6}} Ndị inyom ya na-ajụkarị ka a kọwaa ha site na echiche ndị na-adịghị mma ma na-achọ ike ụmụ nwanyị.{{sfn|Sebola|2022|pp=6–7}} Ọrụ Adichie na-ekwukarị banyere nchọpụta ezinụlọ n'etiti ọgbọ dị iche iche, na-enye ya ohere inyocha ahụmịhe dị iche iche nke mmegbu na nnwere onwe. Na ''Purple Hibiscus'' na "[[Onye Akụkọ Ihe Mere Eme Isi]]", Adichie lere isiokwu ndị a anya site na iji ezinụlọ dị ka obere ihe nnọchianya nke ime ihe ike.{{sfn|Egbunike|2017|p=26}} Mmekọahụ ụmụ nwanyị, ma n'ime mmekọrịta alụmdi na nwunye nna ochie na n'èzí alụmdi na nwunye, bụ isiokwu Adichie na-ejikarị enyocha mgbagwoju anya na ókèala ịhụnanya. Ọrụ ya na-ekwu maka nwoke idina nwoke n'ihe gbasara alụmdi na nwunye n'akụkọ dịka "Transition to Glory", na isiokwu ndị a machibidoro iwu dịka mmetụta ịhụnanya maka ndị ụkọchukwu na "Purple Hibiscus", yana ịrata enyi nwoke enyi ya na "Light Skin". Ịpụ nwa,{{sfn|Hewett|2005|p=81}} ịbụ nne na nsogbu nke ịbụ nwanyị bụ isiokwu ndị na-apụta ìhè n'ọrụ Adichie, a na-enyochakwa ha mgbe niile n'ihe gbasara Iso Ụzọ Kraịst, [[nna nna]], na atụmanya mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya.{{sfn|Hewett|2005|p=80}}{{sfn|Roifah|2021|p=179}}{{sfn|Daniels|2022|p=54}} Dịka ọmụmaatụ, n'akụkọ dị mkpirikpi "Zikora", ọ na-ekwu maka akụkụ ndị dị ndụ, omenala na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nke ịghọ nne na atụmanya ndị a na-atụ anya n'aka ụmụ nwanyị.{{sfn|Roifah|2021|p=179}} Akụkọ ahụ na-enyocha ọdịda nke mgbochi ime na afọ ime a na-atụghị anya ya, ịhapụ onye òtù ọlụlụ ya, ịbụ nne na-alụbeghị di, nrụgide mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya na nsogbu njirimara Zikora, na mmetụta dị iche iche ọ na-enwe gbasara ịghọ onye nne.{{sfn|Roifah|2021|pp=182–183}} Isiokwu ndị na-apụtakarị bụ mgbaghara na aghụghọ, dịka ọ dị na ''Ọkara Anyanwụ Odo'', mgbe Olanna gbaghaara onye hụrụ ya n'anya ekwesịghị ntụkwasị obi, ma ọ bụ mkpebi Ifemelu ikewapụ onwe ya na enyi ya nwoke na ''Americanah''.{{sfn|Tunca|2018|page=112}} Nnyocha Adichie banyere agha na-eme ka a mata otú akụkụ abụọ nke esemokwu ọ bụla si eme ihe ike na ọ dịghị akụkụ ọ bụla na-ata ụta maka ime ihe ike na-apụta. Akụkọ ya na-egosi na ihe ọmụma na nghọta nke klaasị na agbụrụ dị iche iche dị mkpa iji mepụta obodo dị iche iche nwere ọtụtụ agbụrụ dị iche iche.{{sfn|Abba|2021|p=5}} Ụdị ime ihe ike ndị ọzọ bụ isiokwu ugboro ugboro na ''Purple Hibiscus'', ''Ọkara nke Anyanwụ Odo'' na ''Ihe Gbara Olu Gị'';{{sfn|Abba|2021|p=5}}{{sfn|Hewett|2005|pp=79–80}} isiokwu ndị a na-egosi ike zuru ụwa ọnụ, ma ọ bụ mmetụta na ngosipụta n'ime ọha mmadụ nke iji ya eme ihe n'ụzọ na-ezighị ezi.{{sfn|Carotenuto|2017|p=173}} == Echiche == === Ejiji === [[File:Ms. magazine Cover - Summer 2014.jpg|thumb|alt=Front cover of a print magazine|Adichie on the cover of ''[[Ms. (magazine)|Ms.]]'' in 2014]] Adichie, n'isiokwu e dere na 2014 maka ''[[Elle (magazine)|Elle]]'',{{sfn|Adichie|2014}} dere na "ụmụ nwanyị chọrọ ka a na-ewere ha nke ọma kwesịrị igosi na ha dị mkpa site n'enweghị mmasị n'ọdịdị ha."{{sfn|Mannur|2017|p=411}} Dịka o si kwuo, echiche ndị ọdịda anyanwụ dị iche na otú e si zụlite ya na Naịjirịa ebe nlebara anya mmadụ na ejiji na-adabere na oke ùgwù na nsọpụrụ ọha mmadụ ga-enye ya.{{sfn|Bernardi|Picarelli|2022|p=216}} O kwuru na a na-ekpe ndị mmadụ ikpe otú ha si eyi uwe.{{sfn|Mannur|2017|p=412}} N'ịghọta mmekọrịta dị n'etiti ịma mma, ejiji, ụdị na enweghị nha anya na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, Adichie malitere ịkwado [[ahụ dị mma]] dị ka ụzọ isi nweta [[Agency (sociology)|agency]].{{sfn|Bernardi|Picarelli|2022|p=216}}{{sfn|Mannur|2017|p=412}} Agụnyere Adichie na ''[[Vanity Fair (magazine)|Vanity Fair]]''{{'}}s 2016 [[International Best Wressing Hall of Fame List|International Best-Wered List]], ma kpọọ [[Michelle Obama]] dị ka onye a ma ama n'ụdị ejiji ya.{{sfn|''Vanity Fair''|2016|p=144}}{{sfn|Safronova|2016}} N'afọ ahụ, [[Maria Grazia Chiuri]], onye nduzi okike nwanyị mbụ nke ụlọ ọrụ ejiji French [[Dior]], gosipụtara na nchịkọta mbụ ya uwe elu T-shirt nwere aha okwu TED nke Adichie, "Anyị Kwesịrị Ịbụ Ihe Niile Ndị Na-eme Ihe Banyere Ụmụ Nwanyị".{{sfn|Brockes|2017}}{{sfn|Medrano|2016}} O juru Adichie anya mgbe ọ matara na Dior enwebeghị nwanyị na-achị ngalaba ihe okike ya ma kweta ịrụkọ ọrụ ọnụ na Chiuri, onye kpọrọ ya òkù dịka onye ọbịa a na-asọpụrụ ka ọ nọdụ n'ahịrị ihu nke ihe ngosi ụlọ ọrụ ahụ n'oge oge opupu ihe ubi nke 2016 [[Izu Ejiji Paris]].{{sfn|Medrano|2016}}{{sfn|Brockes|2017}}{{sfn|Ryan|2017}} Ọkà mmụta Matthew Lecznar kwuru na Adichie na-amakarị echiche ndị na-adịghị mma gbasara ụmụ nwanyị aka site na ntụnyere na ejiji. O kwuru na ikwe ka Dior gosipụta ederede ya bụ ụzọ dị mma isi jiri ụdị mgbasa ozi dị iche iche zie ozi ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, kamakwa ịzụlite aha ya dị ka "ihe ngosi transmedia" nwere ọtụtụ akụkụ ọgụgụ isi, akwụkwọ na ejiji.{{sfn|Lecznar|2017|p=168}} Ọ ghọrọ ihu nke [[Boots (ụlọ ọrụ)#Nke. 7 Protect & Perfect Intense Beauty Serum|Nke 7]], ngalaba ihe ịchọ mma nke ụlọ ahịa ọgwụ Britain [[Boots (ụlọ ọrụ)|Boots]].{{sfn|Weatherford|2016}} N'ozi Facebook ya nke afọ 2016 nke akpọrọ ''Dear Ijeawele, ma ọ bụ Ihe ngosi ụmụ nwanyị n'ime aro iri na ise'', Adichie rụrụ ụka na ibelata ịdị mma nwanyị na ngosipụta ya site na ejiji na etemeete bụ "akụkụ nke omenala nke ịkpa oke mmekọahụ".{{sfn|Safronova|2016}} Na 8 Mee 2017, Adichie kwupụtara mkpọsa "Wear Nigerian" ya na ibe Facebook ya.{{sfn|Idowu|2017}}{{sfn|Hobdy|2020}} O hiwere akaụntụ [[Instagram]] nke ụmụnne ya nwanyị Chisom na Amaka jisiri ike,{{sfn|Idowu|2017}} wee nweta ihe dị ka 600,000 Ndị na-eso ụzọ.{{sfn|Bernardi|Picarelli|2022|p=218}} Dịka Adichie si kwuo, ebumnuche ya bụ inyere aka chebe ihe nketa omenala Naịjirịa site n'igosipụta ụdị ọrụ aka na ojiji nke usoro, ihe na ákwà ọhụrụ e ji aka rụọ nke ndị na-emepụta ihe na Naịjirịa na-eji.{{sfn|Bernardi|Picarelli|2022|p=217}} O meriri [[Shorty Awards|Shorty Award]] na 2018 maka mkpọsa ahụ,{{sfn|Agbo|2018a}} na na 2019 ahọpụtara ya dịka otu n'ime ụmụ nwanyị iri na ise ga-apụta na mkpuchi nke ''[[British Vogue]]'' na mbipụta nke onye ọbịa deziri nke [[Meghan, Duchess nke Sussex]].{{sfn|''The Irish Times''|2019}} Na mkparịta ụka 2021 na [[Düsseldorfer Schauspielhaus]] ya na onye bụbu Chancellor nke Germany, [[Angela Merkel]], na ndị nta akụkọ [[Miriam Meckel]] na [[Léa Steinacker]], Adichie kwuru na ọ na-ejikarị ejiji akụziri ndị mmadụ gbasara ụdịdị dị iche iche.{{sfn|Gopalakrishnan|2021}} === Nkwerechi === Ọ bụ ezie na a zụlitere Adichie dịka [[Ụka Katọlik|Katọlik]], ọ na-ewere echiche ya, ọkachasị ndị gbasara echiche ụmụ nwanyị, dị ka ihe na-emegide okpukperechi ya mgbe ụfọdụ.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Raised Catholic |url=https://www.chimamanda.com/external_articles/raised-catholic/ |access-date=3 Maachị 2026 |website=Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie |language=en-US}}</ref> Ka esemokwu okpukperechi bilitere na Naịjirịa n'etiti Ndị Kraịst na Ndị Alakụba na 2012, ọ gbara ndị ndu ume ka ha kwusaa ozi udo na ịdị n'otu.{{sfn|Shariatmadari|2012}} Adichie kwuru na mmekọrịta ya na Katọlik dị mgbagwoju anya n'ihi na ọ na-amata omenala dịka Katọlik, mana ọ na-eche na ilekwasị anya na ego na ikpe ọmụma nke Chọọchị adabaghị na ụkpụrụ ya.{{sfn|Augoye|2021}} Na mmemme 2017 na [[Mahadum Georgetown]], o kwuru na ọdịiche dị n'echiche dị n'etiti ndị Katọlik na Ndị ndu [[Church Mission Society]] kpatara nkewa n'obodo Naịjirịa n'oge ọ bụ nwata, nakwa na ọ hapụrụ chọọchị ahụ n'oge e mere emume nhọpụta nke [[Pope Benedict XVI]] na 2005.{{sfn|Pongsajapan|2017}} O kwetara na ozizi [[Pope Francis]], onye a họpụtara na 2013, na ọmụmụ nwa ya nwanyị na 2016 dọtara ya azụ n'okpukpe Katọlik ma kpalie mkpebi ya ịzụlite nwa ya dị ka onye Katọlik.{{sfn|Pongsajapan|2017}} Ka ọ na-erule 2021, Adichie kwuru na ya bụ [[Onye Kraịst aha ya bụ onye Katọlik]] ma na-aga naanị [[Mass n'ime Chọọchị Katọlik|Mass]] mgbe ọ hụrụ [[Onye Kraịst na-aga n'ihu|obodo na-aga n'ihu]] nke lekwasịrị anya n'ịkwalite ụmụ mmadụ. O mere ka o doo anya na "Echere m na m bụ onye na-enweghị ike ịmata ihe dị na ya ma na-ajụ ajụjụ".{{sfn|Augoye|2021}} N'afọ ahụ, e bipụtara echiche ya gbasara akwụkwọ ozi Pope Francis ''[[Fratelli tutti]]'' n'asụsụ Itali na mbipụta nke ise nke ọnwa Julaị nke akwụkwọ akụkọ Vatican ''[[L'Osservatore Romano]]''.{{sfn|Sarr|2021}}{{sfn|Adichie|2021}} N'isiokwu ya nke afọ 2021 bụ "{{lang|it|Sognare come un'unica umanità|italics=no}}" ("Ịrọ nrọ dị ka mmadụ na-alụbeghị di"), Adichie chetara na a na-akatọ ya n'olili nne ya maka ịkatọ ilekwasị anya na Chọọchị n'ego, mana o kwetakwara na emume Katọlik nyere ya nkasi obi n'oge iru újú ya.{{sfn|Sarr|2021}} === Ikike nwoke idina nwoke na nwoke === Adichie bụ onye na-akwado [[ikike LGBT na Afrịka]] ma na-akwado [[ikike LGBT na Naịjirịa]].{{sfn|Camminga|2020|p=818}}{{sfn|Crockett|2017}} Mgbe Naịjirịa tinyere iwu megidere nwoke idina nwoke na nwanyị na 2014, ọ so n'ime ndị edemede Naịjirịa jụrụ iwu ahụ, na-akpọ ya ihe megidere iwu, ikpe na-ezighị ezi na "ihe dị ịtụnanya nye mba nwere ọtụtụ nsogbu n'ezie". O kwuru na ndị toro eto na-egosi ibe ha ịhụnanya emerụghị ọha mmadụ ahụ, kama na iwu ahụ "ga-eduga na mpụ ime ihe ike".{{sfn|Useni|2014}} Adichie bụ ezigbo enyi na onye edemede Kenya [[Binyavanga Wainaina]] onye pụtara n'ihu ọha na 2014.{{sfn|Malec|2017}}{{sfn|Iju Mmiri|2019}} Onye edemede Bernard Dayo kwuru na [[ihe ọmụma]] Adichie gwara Wainaina na 2019 dọtara mmụọ nke "onye na-akwado LGBTQ [nke] ụwa akwụkwọ Africa ebe a ka na-emeso nwoke idina nwoke dị ka echiche dị nro."{{sfn|Dayo|2019}} === Ntinye nwoke na nwanyị site na nwoke === Kemgbe afọ 2017, Adichie na-akparịta ụka n'ihu ọha mgbe ụfọdụ gbasara okwu gbasara transgender, ụfọdụ na-ebokwa ya ebubo na ọ bụ [[transphobia]].{{sfn|Stobie|2021|p=354}} N'ajụjụ ọnụ [[Channel 4]] nke afọ 2017, Adichie kwuru na ahụmịhe nke nwanyị "biri ndụ dịka nwoke, nwere ihe ùgwù ụwa nyere ụmụ nwoke" abụghị otu ahụmịhe ahụ dịka "nwanyị nke, site na mbido, biri n'ụwa dịka nwanyị".{{sfn|Ring|2022}}{{sfn|Crockett|2017}} N'ihe o dere na Facebook, o dere na ụmụ nwanyị transgender na ahụmịhe ụmụ nwanyị ndị ọzọ dị iche, mmadụ nwekwara ike ikweta ọdịiche ndị ahụ na-enweghị imebi ma ọ bụ belata ahụmịhe ndụ nke otu ọ bụla.{{sfn|Crockett|2017}} O mesiri ike na a na-eme ka ụmụ agbọghọ na-akpakọrịta n'ụzọ ndị na-emebi uru onwe ha, nke nwere mmetụta na-adịgide adịgide ná ndụ ha niile, ebe ụmụ nwoke na-erite uru site na uru nke ihe ùgwù nwoke, tupu mgbanwe.{{sfn|Crockett|2017}}{{sfn|Camminga|2020|p=820}} Esemokwu ahụ pụtara ọzọ na 2020 mgbe Adichie kwupụtara nkwado maka [[J. Edemede K. Rowling]] gbasara okike na mmekọahụ, mgbe ọ kpọrọ ya "ihe ezi uche dị na ya" n'oge ajụjụ ọnụ ya na akwụkwọ akụkọ Britain, ''The Guardian''.{{sfn|Allardice|2020}}{{sfn|Okafor|2020}} Ajụjụ ọnụ ahụ kpalitere mmeghachi omume [[Twitter]] site n'aka ndị nkatọ echiche ya, nke gụnyere onye gụsịrị akwụkwọ na otu n'ime [[Ọrụ Ndị Odee (ọrụ)|Ọrụ Ide Ihe]] nke Adichie, [[Akwaeke Emezi]].{{sfn|Akhabau|2020}}{{sfn|Okafor|2020}} Na nzaghachi, Adichie dere "Ọ Bụ Ihe Ọjọọ: Echiche Eziokwu n'Akụkụ Atọ" wee biputere ya na weebụsaịtị ya na June 2021, na-akatọ ojiji nke mgbasa ozi ọha iji kwupụta mkpesa.{{sfn|Iju Mmiri|2021b}}{{sfn|Stobie|2021|p=354}} Ihe ndị a N'ọnwa, ụmụ akwụkwọ obodo LGBT na [[Mahadum Cape Town]], South Africa, jụrụ ikwu okwu ihu ọha ya n'ogige ha.{{sfn|Stobie|2021|p=354}} Adichie kwuru na ajụjụ ọnụ ya na [[Otosirieze Obi-Young]] na Septemba na "ihe mwute dị ukwuu" maka mmeghachi omume ahụ nakwa na n'oge esemokwu ahụ, ọ gụrụ ihe ọ bụla ọ hụrụ na isiokwu trans iji nyere ya aka ịghọta ihe na-eme.{{sfn|Obi-Young|2021}} Na ngwụcha afọ 2022, Adichie nwetara nkatọ ọzọ maka echiche ya mgbe ọ gbasịrị ajụjụ ọnụ ọzọ na "The Guardian" mgbe ọ sịrị, "Ya mere, onye yiri nwanne m nwoke—ọ na-asị, 'Abụ m nwanyị', wee banye n'ime ụlọ ịsa ahụ ụmụ nwanyị, otu nwanyị wee sị, 'Ị gaghị anọ ebe a', ọ nọkwa "Ndị na-agbanwe agbanwe na-akpọ mmadụ asị?"{{sfn|Ring|2022}}{{sfn|Williams|2022}}{{sfn|Baska|2022}} Magazin ahụ ''[[PinkNews]]'' kwuru na Adichie "anaghị enwe mmetụta" nakwa na ọ na-eji "okwu ọjọọ".{{sfn|Baska|2022}} Ọkammụta Cheryl Stobie kwuru na Adichie kwadoro "echiche nkewa nke okike".{{sfn|Stobie|2021|p=355}} Onye nchọpụta B. Camminga kwuru na aha Adichie mere ka okwu ya banyere ụmụ nwanyị trans na-akpọ mmadụ asị dịkwuo elu ma mechie olu ụmụ nwanyị Africa ndị ọzọ, ma ndị trans na ndị cis, ọnụ.{{sfn|Camminga|2020|p=819}} == Ndụ nkeonwe == Adichie bụ onye ụka [[Katọlik]].{{sfn|MacFarquhar|2018}} Na nwata, ya na ezinaulo ya na-eje ụka na St. Paul, Abba.{{sfn|Obi-Young|2021}} Ọ bi na mba Amerika{{sfn|Pearce|2017}} ma nwekwa ụlọ na Naijiria.{{sfn|MacFarquhar|2018}} N'afọ 2009, ọ lụrụ Ivara Esege.{{sfn|MacFarquhar|2018}} Ha nwere ụmụ atọ; amụrụ nwa ha nwanyị n'afọ 2016,{{sfn|Chutel|2016}} ya na ejima nwoke n'afọ 2024 site na ụzọ surrogacy dịka Adichie si kwuo n'ajụjụ ọnụ ndị ''[[The Guardian]]'' jụrụ ya.{{sfn|Edwardes|2025}}{{sfn|Lee|2025}} Otu n'ime ejima ahụ nke aha ya bụ Nkanu Nnamdi nwụrụ na 7 January 2026 mgbe ọ dị ọnwa 21, mgbe ọ rịasịrị ọrịa.{{sfn|Ige|2026}}{{sfn|Glynn|2026}} Adichie kwuru ihe kpatara ọnwụ nwa ya nwoke bụ nleghara anya ahụike nke ụlọọgwụ Euracare dị na Lagos, ebe anabatara Nkanu. Akụkụ nke nleghara anya ahụ, dịka ya si kwuo, gụnyere ịjụ ikuku, na ime ka nwatakịrị ahụ daa jụụ nke butere [[njide obi]]. N'agbanyeghi ulọọgwụ ahụ gosiri mwute ha na-eje onwu nwa Adichie nọ, ha ekwetaghi ebubo ndị ahụ.{{sfn|Okafor|2026}} A malitere nnyocha gbasara ọnwụ Nkanu na 14 Eprel 2026.{{sfn|Ewokor|2026}} Emesịri kwụsị ya bụ nyocha n'ihi ntinye aka nke aatụghị anya ya sitere n'aka ọkaiwu ukwu nke Steeti Lagos.{{sfn|Oduah|2026}} Na 2 Mee 2015, a tọọrọ nna Adichie ma mesịa tọhapụ ya ụbọchị ole na ole ka e mesịrị.{{sfn|Lee|2015}} Nna ya nwụrụ n'ihi ọrịa n'afọ 2020 ebe nne ya, n'oge ọrịa [[COVID-19]],{{sfn|Broom|2021}} nwụrụ n'afo 2021.{{sfn|''This Day''|2021}} == Ihe ncheta == === Mmetụta oha === [[Larissa MacFarquhar]] nke ''The New Yorker'' kwuru na Adichie "a na-ewere ya dị ka otu n'ime ndị edemede akwụkwọ akụkọ kacha mkpa na nke mbụ n'ọgbọ ya".{{sfn|MacFarquhar|2018}} Asụgharịala ọrụ ya n'ihe karịrị asụsụ 30.{{sfn|Luckett|2018|p=155}} Obi-Young Otosirieze kwuru n'akụkọ mkpuchi ya gbasara Adichie maka magazin Naịjirịa ''[[Open Country Mag]]'' na Septemba 2021, na "akwụkwọ akụkọ ya... mebiri mgbidi n'akwụkwọ mbipụta. ''Purple Hibiscus'' gosiri na e nwere ahịa mba ụwa maka akụkọ ifo ndị Africa mgbe Achebe gasịrị [na] ''Half of a Yellow Sun'' gosiri na ahịa ahụ nwere ike ichebara akụkọ ihe mere eme ndị Africa echiche".{{sfn|Obi-Young|2021}} N'isiokwu mbụ e bipụtara na ''[[Brittle Paper]]'', o kwuru na ''Half of a Yellow Akwụkwọ akụkọ Sun''{{'}}s wepụtara na 2006 rere mkpụrụ 500,000, ihe atụ nke ihe ịga nke ọma n'ahịa maka akwụkwọ, tupu Ọktoba 2009 na UK naanị.{{sfn|Obi-Young|2017}} Akwụkwọ akụkọ ya bụ 'Americanah' rere mkpụrụ 500,000 na US n'ime afọ abụọ nke ewepụtara ya na 2013.{{sfn|Obi-Young|2017}}{{sfn|Germain|2015}} {{Ruo|2022}}, "The Danger of a Single Story" enwetala ihe karịrị nde 27.{{sfn|Kumolu|2022}} Ruo 1 Septemba 2023, okwu ahụ bụ otu n'ime mkparịta ụka TED 25 kachasị elele n'oge niile.{{sfn|Assheton|2023}} Dịka Lisa Allardice, onye nta akụkọ na-ede maka ''The Guardian'', Adichie si kwuo. ghọrọ "nwa agbọghọ mara mma maka echiche ụmụ nwanyị nke oge a mgbe okwu TED Talk ya nke afọ 2012 bụ́ 'Anyị Kwesịrị Ịbụ Ndị Nwanyị' batara n'ọkwa dị iche iche ma kesaa ya n'ụdị akwụkwọ nye ụmụaka niile dị afọ 16 na Sweden".{{sfn|Allardice|2020}} Adichie aghọọla "onye ama ama n'ụwa niile maka ụmụ nwanyị" na "onye na-eche echiche ọha" dịka onye nta akụkọ Lauren Alix Brown si kwuo.{{sfn|Brown|2017}} Akụkụ nke okwu TEDx nke Adichie bụ́ "Anyị Kwesịrị Ịbụ Ndị Nwanyị" ka e tinyere n'abụ "[[Flawless (Abụ Beyoncé)|Flawless]]" nke [[Beyoncé]] dere na 13 Disemba 2013.{{sfn|Kiene|2016}} Adichie kwuru okwu megide ndị nkatọ bụ́ ndị mechara jụọ onye ọbụ abụ ahụ akwụkwọ ikike ịbụ onye inyom n'ihi na ọ na-eji mmekọahụ ya "eme ka anya nwoke na nwoke dị mma". N'ịgbachitere Beyoncé, Adichie kwuru, sị: "Onye ọ bụla kwuru na ha bụ ndị inyom nwere ọbara ọbara."{{sfn|Danielle|2014}} Ọkà mmụta Matthew Lecznar kwuru na ọkwa Adichie dị ka "otu n'ime ndị edemede na ndị inyom nwere ọtụtụ ihe a ma ama n'oge a" nyere ya ohere iji onye ama ama ya "gosipụta ike nke uwe ma nye ndị mmadụ ike site na ọnọdụ dị iche iche ịnakwere [ejiji]... nke nwere ihe niile metụtara ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nke njirimara".{{sfn|Lecznar|2017|p=169}} Ndị ọkà mmụta Floriana Bernardi na Enrica Picarelli kwuru na nkwado ya maka ụlọ ọrụ ejiji Naịjirịa nyere aka itinye Naịjirịa "n'ihu" n'ime mmegharị iji ejiji dị ka usoro ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị a ma ama n'ụwa niile nke inye ike.{{sfn|Bernardi|Picarelli|2022|p=220}} [[Toyin Falola]], prọfesọ akụkọ ihe mere eme, na nyocha nke agụmakwụkwọ na Naịjirịa, katọrọ amụma nke ibuli ndị ọkà mmụta elu n'oge. O kwuru na agụmakwụkwọ, ọkachasị n'ihe gbasara ụmụ mmadụ, kwesịrị ịma aka n'iwu na usoro iji mee ka nkwekọrịta mmekọrịta dị n'etiti ụmụ amaala na gọọmentị sikwuo ike. O tụrụ aro ka a na-elekwasị anya site n'ịkwado ndị ọkà mmụta bụ ndị na-emetụta ndị ọkà mmụta ndị ọzọ gaa n'ịkwado ndị ọkà mmụta na-eji nkà ha enyere steeti aka ma na-eje ozi dị ka ndị ndụmọdụ nye ndị ntorobịa Naịjirịa. Adichie so n'ime ndị o chere na ha ruru eru dị ka "ndị dike nwere ọgụgụ isi", bụ ndị "kwalitere ókè nke mgbanwe mmekọrịta ọha na eze".{{sfn|Olaopa|2022}} [[File:Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie - mural Ciudad Lineal (cropped).jpg|thumb|287x287px|Adichie on the [[Concepción Feminist Mural]] in [[Madrid]], Spain]] E tinyere akwụkwọ Adichie nke akpọrọ "Half of a Yellow Sun" n'ime [[Half of a Yellow Sun (fim)|fim nke otu aha ahụ]] nke [[Biyi Bandele]] duziri na 2013.{{sfn|Felperin|2013}} Na 2018, e tinyere eserese Adichie na [[mgbidi mgbidi]] na Municipal Sport Center na [[Concepción (Madrid)|Concepción barrio]] nke [[Madrid]], ya na ụmụ nwanyị iri na anọ ndị ọzọ. Ndị agbata obi họpụtara ụmụ nwanyị iri na ise ahụ iji gosipụta ọrụ ụmụ nwanyị na akụkọ ntolite ma jee ozi dị ka ihe nnọchianya nke nha anya. Ndị bi n'ógbè ahụ meriri ihe ndị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na-eme iji wepụ ihe osise ahụ na 2021 site na mkpesa nke mbinye aka a nakọtara.{{sfn|''El Mundo''|2021}} Luke Ndidi Okolo, onye nkuzi na [[Nnamdi Azikiwe University]] kwuru:{{sfn|Okolo|2016|p=12}} {{Blockquote|text=Adichie dere na-akọwa isiokwu na isiokwu doro anya ma dị elu. Mana isiokwu na isiokwu abụghị ihe ọhụrụ na akwụkwọ akụkọ Afrịka. Ihe dị iche na ihe dị iche na ihe osise Chimamanda Adichie nke Purple Hibiscus bụ ụdị ejiji ya - nhọrọ ya nke atụmatụ asụsụ na akwụkwọ, yana usoro ojiji nke atụmatụ ndị ahụ na njikọta dị egwu nke echiche na echiche nke ndị odide.}} Ọrụ Adichie enwetala otuto dị ukwuu na ọtụtụ ihe nrite.{{sfn|Ishaya|Gunn|2022|page=75}}{{sfn|Hewett|2005|page=75}} Ndị nkatọ akwụkwọ dịka Daria Tunca dere na ọrụ Adichie dị mkpa nke ukwuu ma kwuo na ọ bụ olu dị mkpa na [[Ọgbọ nke Atọ nke Ndị Ode Akwụkwọ Naịjirịa]],{{sfn|Tunca|2010|page=306}} ebe Izuu Nwankwọ kpọrọ atụmatụ aha Igbo ya mepụtara dị ka "ụdị nka", nke o mere ka ọ zuo oke n'ọrụ ya.{{sfn|Nwankwọ|2023|page=3}} O toro ikike ya itinye asụsụ Igbo na ihe ọ pụtara na Ederede Bekee n'emeghị ka akụkọ ahụ ghara ịdị mma ma ọ bụ gbagọọ akụkọ ahụ.{{sfn|Nwankwọ|2023|page=8}} N'ikpe nke [[Ernest Emenyonu]], otu n'ime ndị ọkà mmụta kacha pụta ìhè na [[akwụkwọ Igbo]],{{sfn|Igwe|2017|p=7}} Adichie bụ "olu kacha elu ma na-adọrọ mmasị n'oge ya" ma ọ kọwara ya dị ka "onye na-akọ akụkọ kacha elu n'Africa".{{sfn|Abba|2021|p=2}} [[Toyin Falola]], prọfesọ akụkọ ihe mere eme, toro ya na ndị edemede ndị ọzọ, dị ka "ndị dike nwere ọgụgụ isi".{{sfn|Olaopa|2022}} Leslie Gray Streeter nke ''[[The Independent]]'' kwuru na echiche Adichie banyere iru újú "na-eme ka mmetụta uche a zuru ụwa ọnụ na-atọ ụtọ, nke bụkwa otu n'ime ndị kacha nwee ihe ọmụma zuru ụwa ọnụ. zere."{{sfn|Streter|2021}} A maara ya nke ọma dịka "ada akwụkwọ Chinua Achebe".{{sfn|Tunca|2018|page=109}} Jane Shilling nke ''[[Daily Telegraph]]'' kpọrọ ya "onye na-eme ka akụkọ dị mfe dịka abụ nnụnụ".{{sfn|Shilling|2009}} Adichie enwetala otuto dị ukwuu maka okwu na nkuzi ya.{{sfn|Camminga|2020|p=818}}{{sfn|Anasuya|2015}}{{sfn|Wagner|2015}} Prọfesọ mgbasa ozi na nkwukọrịta Erika M. Behrmann, onye nyochachara okwu Adichie nke TEDxEuston, "Anyị Kwesịrị Ịbụ Ndị Na-eme Ihe n'Ụmụ Nwanyị" toro ya dịka "onye nwere onyinye n'akụkọ", onye nwere ike iso ya kparịta ụka nke ọma. ndị na-ege ntị.{{sfn|Behrmann|2017|p=315}} Agbanyeghị, Behrmann katọrọ enweghị mkparịta ụka n'okwu ahụ gbasara akụkụ dị iche iche nke njirimara ndị mmadụ na ntụkwasị obi Adichie na okwu abụọ (nwoke/nwanyị, nwoke/nwanyị, nwoke/nwanyị), nke hapụrụ "obere ohere iche echiche na inyocha otu ndị transgender na ndị na-eme ihe n'omume ụmụ nwanyị" si enye aka ma ọ bụ emetụta ha site na omume ụmụ nwanyị.{{sfn|Behrmann|2017|p=316}} Emenyonu kwuru na "okwu ya, blọgụ, echiche ya na mgbasa ozi ọha, edemede na nkọwa, nkuzi ogbako maka ndị edemede na-eto eto na mkparịta ụka nkuzi... gbasaa ma kọwaa ọrụ ya dị ka onye edemede".{{sfn|Ememyonu|2017|p=1}} Ọkà mmụta Grace Musila kwuru na akara Adiche gụnyere aha ya dị ka onye edemede, onye ọha na eze, na onye na-emepụta ejiji, nke mere ka ikike ya na echiche ya dịkwuo elu karịa agụmakwụkwọ. okirikiri.{{sfn|Musila|2020|p=807}} === Otito Ihe ndị odere === {{Main|Ndepụta ihe nrite na nhọpụta nke Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie natara}} Adichie nwetara [[MacArthur Fellowship]] na 2008,{{sfn|Irvine|2008}} ya na ihe nrite agụmakwụkwọ ya ndị ọzọ gụnyere 2011–2012 Fellowship nke [[Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study na Harvard University]].{{sfn|Okachie|2011}} Na 2002, a họpụtara ya maka [[Caine Prize for African Writing]] maka akụkọ ya bụ "Ị nọ n'Amerịka".{{sfn|Anya|2005}}{{sfn|Caine Prize|2009}} O meririkwa asọmpi akụkọ mkpụmkpụ [[BBC World Service]] maka "That Harmattan Morning", ebe akụkọ mkpụmkpụ ya bụ "The American Embassy" meriri na 2003 [[O. Ihe nrite Henry]] na ihe nrite David T. Wong International Short Story Prize site na [[PEN International]].{{sfn|''Leadership''|2018}} Akwụkwọ akụkọ mbụ ya nke afọ 2003, ''Purple Hibiscus'', nabatara nke ọma, wee nweta nyocha dị mma.{{sfn|Obi-Young|2021}}{{sfn|Obi-Young|2018}} Akwụkwọ a rere nke ọma ma nye ya ihe nrite [[Commonwealth Foundation prize|Commonwealth Writers' Prize]] maka Akwụkwọ Kachasị Mma (2005), [[Hurston/Wright Legacy Award]], a kpọkwara ya aha maka [[Women's Prize for Fiction|Orange Prize for Fiction]] (2004).{{sfn|''Leadership''|2018}}{{sfn|Obi-Young|2018}} ''Half of a Yellow Sun'' (2006) nwetara ihe nrite ọzọ otuto, gụnyere mmeri nke ihe nrite Orange maka akụkọ ifo na 2007,{{sfn|Majendie|2007}} [[International Nonino Prize]] (2009),{{sfn|Medeossi|2009}}{{sfn|Ogwude|2011|p=122}} na [[Anisfield-Wolf Book Award]].{{sfn|''Leadership''|2018}} Nchịkọta akụkọ Adichie ''The Thing Around Your Neck'' bụ onye nke abụọ na [[Dayton Literary Peace Prize]] maka 2010.{{sfn|Richardson|2011|pp=114–115}} Otu akụkọ sitere n'akwụkwọ ahụ, "Ceiling", gụnyere na ''[[The Best American Short Storys 2011]]''.{{sfn|Sam-Duru|2014}} ''Americanah'' e depụtara n'ime ''[[The New York Times]]'' "Akwụkwọ iri kacha mma nke 2013",{{sfn|''Nduzi''|2018}}{{sfn|''The New York Times''|2013}} wee merie [[National Book Critics Circle Award]] (2014),{{sfn|Obi-Young|2021}}{{sfn|''National Book Critics''|2014}}{{sfn|Iju Mmiri|2014}} na [[One City One Book]] (2017).{{sfn|Weller|2017}} Akwụkwọ ya ''Dear Ijeawele'', nke a sụgharịrị n'asụsụ French dị ka {{lang|fr|Chère Ijeawele, ou un manifeste pour une éducation féministe}}, meriri [[Madame Figaro#Grand Prix Littéraire (nnukwu ihe nrite akwụkwọ)|Le Grand Prix de l'Héroïne Madame Figaro]] dị na ngalaba akwụkwọ akụkọ kacha mma na 2017.{{sfn|''TheCable''|2017}}{{sfn|Chela|2017}} [[File:Chimamanda Adichie 11.09.10 (5248097626).jpg|220px|thumb|right|alt=A Black woman with short, curly hair speaks into a microphone in a warmly lit room. She is wearing a black and white striped dress and layered necklaces. Behind her are wooden-framed windows and decorative cobwebs on the wall. A water pitcher sits on the table in front of her, and there are people in the audience.|Adichie at an event related to her book ''[[The Thing Around Your Neck]]'', 2010]] Adichie so n'ime ndị ikpeazụ nke [[Andrew Carnegie Medal for Excellence in Fiction]] (2014).{{sfn|Italie|2014}} O meriri [[Barnard Medal of Distinction]] (2016),{{sfn|Jaschik|2016}} na [[W. E. B. Du Bois Medal]] (2022), ihe nrite kachasị elu n'ihe gbasara ọmụmụ ihe ndị Afrịka na ndị Afrịka Amerịka site na [[Mahadum Harvard]].{{sfn|Edeme|2022a}} E depụtara ya na ''[[The New Yorker]]''{{'}}s "20 Under 40" ndị edemede na 2010, na 2014 ahọpụtara ya maka [[Africa39]], ọrụ nke [[Hay Festival] malitere.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/booksblog/2014/apr/10/port-harcourt-world-book-capital-2014-africa-39 |title=Africa39: Otu anyị si họrọ ndị edemede maka Port Harcourt World Book Capital 2014|first=Margaret|last=Busby|newspaper=The Guardian|date= 10 Eprel 2014}}</ref>{{sfn|''Nduzi''|2018}} A kpọrọ ya aha na ndepụta ''[[Oge 100]]''' na 2015,{{sfn|Jones|2015}} ma nọrọ na ndepụta ''[[Akụkọ Afrịka]]''{{'}}s nke "100 Ndị Afrịka Kachasị Kpatara Aka" na 2019.{{sfn|''Ventures Africa''|2019}} Na 2018, a họpụtara ya dị ka onye meriri na [[PEN Pinter Prize]], nke na-amata ndị edemede ọrụ akwụkwọ ha na-ekpughe eziokwu site na nyocha dị mkpa nke ndụ na ọha mmadụ. Onye natara ihe nrite ahụ ga-ahọpụta onye meriri ihe nrite ahụ, Pinter International Writer of Courage Award, nke Adichie kpọrọ [[Waleed Abulkhair]], ọkaiwu [[Saudi Arabia]] na onye na-akwado ikike mmadụ.{{sfn|Iju Mmiri|2018a}}{{sfn|Iju Mmiri|2018b}} Ihe nrite ụmụ nwanyị maka akụkọ ifo, nke a maara na mbụ dị ka ihe nrite Orange, họpụtara mmadụ iri abụọ na ise maka onye meriri ya iji sọpụrụ emume ncheta afọ iri abụọ na ise ya na 2020; "Half of a Yellow Sun" nke Adichie meriri ihe nrite ahụ.{{sfn|Iju Mmiri|2020}} Na 2017, a họpụtara Adichie dị ka otu n'ime ndị otu ọhụrụ 228 e tinyere n'ime klas nke 237 nke [[American Academy of Arts and Sciences]], nke mere ka ọ bụrụ onye Naijiria nke abụọ e nyere nsọpụrụ ahụ mgbe [[Wole Soyinka]] gasịrị.{{sfn|Ayo-Aderele|2017}} Ruo Maachị 2022, Adichie enwetala nzere nsọpụrụ 16 site na mahadum{{sfn|''Guardian Nigeria''|2022}} Onyeisiala Naịjirịa [[Muhammadu Buhari]] họpụtara ya dị ka onye natara [[Order of the Federal Republic]] na 2022,{{sfn | Ufuoma | 2022}} mana Adichie jụrụ ọkwa mba ahụ.{{sfn|Olaiya|2022}} Na 30 Disemba 2022, e nyere Adichie nsọpụrụ site n'inye [[ndị isi Naịjirịa|aha nke "Odeluwa"]], ọkwa onyeisi, site n'aka obodo ya bụ Abba na [[Anambra State]], nke mere ka ọ bụrụ nwanyị mbụ natara ọkwa onyeisi na Abba.{{sfn|Edeme|2022b}}{{sfn|Okogba|2023}} == Ndekọ akwụkwọ == === Akwụkwọ akụkọ === * {{cite book |last=Adichie |first=Chimamanda Ngozi |title=[[Purple Hibiscus]] |publisher=[[Fourth Estate (imprint)|Fourth Estate]] |year=2003 |edition=hardcover 1st |location=London |ref=none}} * {{cite book |last=Adichie |first=Chimamanda Ngozi |title=[[Half of a Yellow Sun]] |publisher=[[Fourth Estate (imprint)|Fourth Estate]] |year=2006 |isbn=978-1-4000-4416-0 |edition=hardcover 1st |location=London |author-mask=2 |ref=none}} * {{cite book |last=Adichie |first=Chimamanda Ngozi |title=[[Americanah]] |publisher=[[Alfred A. Knopf]] |year=2013 |edition=hardcover 1st |location=New York |author-mask=2 |ref=none}} * {{cite book |last=Adichie |first=Chimamanda Ngozi |title=[[Dream Count]] |publisher=[[Alfred A. Knopf]] |year=2025 |isbn=978-0-593-80272-4 |edition=hardcover 1st |location=New York |author-mask=2 |ref=none}} === Nchịkọta akụkọ dị mkpirikpi === * {{cite book |last=Adichie |first=Chimamanda Ngozi |title=[[The Thing Around Your Neck]] |publisher=[[Alfred A. Knopf]] |year=2009 |edition=hardcover 1st |location=New York |author-mask=2 |ref=none}} === Akwụkwọ ncheta === * {{cite book |last=Adichie |first=Chimamanda Ngozi |title=[[Notes on Grief]] |publisher=[[Alfred A. Knopf]] |year=2021 |edition=hardcover 1st |location=New York |author-mask=2 |ref=none}} === Akwụkwọ ndị na-abụghị akụkọ ifo === * {{cite book |last=Adichie |first=Chimamanda Ngozi |title=[[We Should All Be Feminists]] |publisher=[[Anchor Books]] |year=2014 |isbn=978-1-101-91176-1 |edition=paperback 1st |location=New York |author-mask=2 |ref=none}} * {{cite book |last=Adichie |first=Chimamanda Ngozi |title=[[Dear Ijeawele, or A Feminist Manifesto in Fifteen Suggestions]] |publisher=[[Alfred A. Knopf]] |year=2017 |edition=hardcover 1st |location=New York |author-mask=2 |ref=none}} == Edensibia == ===Notes=== {{notelist}} ===Citations=== {{Reflist}} ===Sources=== {{Refbegin|30em}} * {{cite journal |last1=Abba |first1=Abba A. |title=Remediating Biafra: Adichie's Half of a Yellow Sun as a Symbolic Vehicle of Postwar Reconciliation |journal=[[Research in African Literatures]] |date=Winter 2021 |volume=51 |issue=4 |pages=1–17 |doi=10.2979/reseafrilite.51.4.01 |url=https://muse.jhu.edu/pub/3/article/798051/pdf |access-date=2 May 2024 |publisher=[[Indiana University Press]] |location=Bloomington, Indiana |issn=0034-5210 |oclc=9144124984 |url-access=subscription }}{{subscription required |via=[[Project Muse]]}} * {{cite news |last=Abimbola |first=Oluwakemi |title=Chimamanda Adichie Tackles Hillary Clinton over Twitter Bio |url=https://punchng.com/chimamanda-adichie-tackles-hillary-clinton-over-twitter-bio/ |access-date=20 May 2024 |newspaper=[[The Punch]] |date=23 April 2018 |location=Lagos, Nigeria |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240518153337/https://punchng.com/chimamanda-adichie-tackles-hillary-clinton-over-twitter-bio/ |archive-date=18 May 2024 |url-status=live }} * {{cite news |last=Adebayo |first=Bukola |title=Hillary Clinton Has Changed Her Twitter Bio and It Does Not Start with Wife |url=https://edition.cnn.com/2018/04/24/africa/chimamanda-adichie-hillary-clinton-wife-africa/index.html |access-date=20 May 2024 |work=[[CNN]] |date=2 May 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240518153338/https://edition.cnn.com/2018/04/24/africa/chimamanda-adichie-hillary-clinton-wife-africa/index.html |archive-date=18 May 2024 |url-status=live }} * {{cite web | last=Adeduyite | first=Okiki | title=Chimamanda Adichie to headline 2025 Things Fall Apart festival in Enugu | website=[[The Punch]] | date=14 May 2025 | url=https://punchng.com/chimamanda-adichie-to-headline-2025-things-fall-apart-festival-in-enugu/ | access-date=14 July 2026 }} * {{cite journal |last1=Adichie |first1=Amanda Ngozi |title=My Mother, the Crazy African |journal=In Posse Review |date=2000 |volume=Multi-Ethnic Anthology |url=http://www.webdelsol.com/InPosse/anthology_index.htm |publisher=Spectrum Publishers |location=San Francisco, California |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240331193207/http://www.webdelsol.com/InPosse/anthology_index.htm |archive-date=31 March 2024 |url-status=live }} * {{cite news |last=Adichie |first=Chimamanda Ngozi |title=Truth and Lies |url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2006/sep/16/fiction.society |access-date=31 March 2024 |newspaper=[[The Guardian]] |location=London, UK |date=15 September 2006 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240331225357/https://www.theguardian.com/books/2006/sep/16/fiction.society |archive-date=31 March 2024 |url-status=live }} * {{cite web |last=Adichie |first=Chimamanda Ngozi |title=Why Can't a Smart Woman Love Fashion? |url=https://www.elle.com/fashion/personal-style/a12670/personal-essay-on-style-by-chimamanda-ngozi-adichie/ |access-date=29 April 2024 |website=[[Elle (magazine)|Elle.com]] |date=20 February 2014 |publisher=[[Hearst Magazines|Hearst Magazines Digital Media]] |location=New York City, New York |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240407214558/https://www.elle.com/fashion/personal-style/a12670/personal-essay-on-style-by-chimamanda-ngozi-adichie/ |archive-date=7 April 2024 |url-status=live }} * {{cite news |last=Adichie |first=Chimamanda Ngozie |title=Sognare come un'unica umanità |url=https://www.osservatoreromano.va/it/news/2021-07/quo-149/sognare-br-come-un-unica-umanita.html |access-date=19 May 2024 |work=[[L'Osservatore Romano]] |date=5 July 2021 |location=Vatican City |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221126084417/https://www.osservatoreromano.va/it/news/2021-07/quo-149/sognare-br-come-un-unica-umanita.html |archive-date=26 November 2022 |language=Italian |trans-title=Dreaming as a Single Humanity |url-status=live }} * {{cite news |last=Agbo |first=Njideka |title=Chimamanda Adichie Wins Shorty Awards Literature Prize |url=https://guardian.ng/life/chimamanda-adichie-wins-shorty-awards-literature-prize/ |access-date=13 May 2024 |newspaper=[[The Guardian (Nigeria)|The Guardian Nigeria]] |date=19 April 2018a |location=Lagos, Nigeria |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210621050746/https://guardian.ng/life/chimamanda-adichie-wins-shorty-awards-literature-prize/ |archive-date=21 June 2021 |url-status=live }} * {{cite news |last=Agbo |first=Njideka |title=Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie: The Fearless Writer |url=https://guardian.ng/life/chimamanda-adichie-the-fearless-writer/ |access-date=3 April 2024 |newspaper=[[The Guardian (Nigeria)|The Guardian Nigeria]] |date=26 September 2018b |location=Lagos, Nigeria |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240403164300/https://guardian.ng/life/chimamanda-adichie-the-fearless-writer/ |archive-date=3 April 2024 |url-status=live }} *{{cite news |last=Akhabau |first=Izin |title=Akwaeke Emezi: Non-binary Author Shares Heartbreak at Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie |url=https://www.voice-online.co.uk/entertainment/books/2020/11/18/akwaeke-emezi-non-binary-author-shares-heartbreak-at-chimamanda-ngozi-adichie/ |access-date=19 November 2020 |work=[[The Voice (British newspaper)|The Voice]] |date=18 November 2020 |location=London, UK |archive-url=https://archive.today/20201125215845/https://www.voice-online.co.uk/entertainment/books/2020/11/18/akwaeke-emezi-non-binary-author-shares-heartbreak-at-chimamanda-ngozi-adichie/ |archive-date=25 November 2020 |url-status=live }} * {{cite news |last=Akinyoade |first=Akinwale |title=Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie Reveals How She Came about the Name 'Chimamanda' |url=https://guardian.ng/life/chimamanda-ngozi-adichie-reveals-how-she-came-about-the-name-chimamanda/ |access-date=17 April 2024 |newspaper=[[The Guardian (Nigeria)|The Guardian Nigeria]] |date=5 January 2021 |location=Lagos, Nigeria |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240425005651/https://guardian.ng/life/chimamanda-ngozi-adichie-reveals-how-she-came-about-the-name-chimamanda/ |archive-date=25 April 2024 |url-status=live }} *{{cite news |last=Allardice |first=Lisa |title=Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie: 'America under Trump felt like a personal loss' |url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2020/nov/14/chimamanda-ngozi-adichie-america-under-trump-felt-like-a-personal-loss |access-date=15 November 2020 |work=[[The Guardian]] |date=14 November 2020 |location=London, UK |archive-url=https://archive.today/20201115211512/https://www.theguardian.com/books/2020/nov/14/chimamanda-ngozi-adichie-america-under-trump-felt-like-a-personal-loss |archive-date=15 November 2020 |url-status=live }} * {{cite web |last=Anasuya |first=Shreya Ila |title=Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie Speaks as Well as She Writes, Maybe Better |url=https://scroll.in/article/735501/chimamanda-ngozi-adichie-speaks-as-well-as-she-writes-maybe-better |access-date=10 May 2024 |website=[[Scroll.in]] |date=20 June 2015 |location=Cambridge, Massachusetts |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230605010346/https://scroll.in/article/735501/chimamanda-ngozi-adichie-speaks-as-well-as-she-writes-maybe-better |archive-date=5 June 2023 |url-status=live }} * {{cite web |title=Announcing the National Book Critics Awards Finalists for Publishing Year 2013 |url=http://bookcritics.org/blog/archive/announcing-the-national-book-critics-awards-finalists |access-date=14 January 2014 |website=bookcritics.org |publisher=[[National Book Critics Circle]] |date=14 January 2014 |location=New York City, New York |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140115014055/http://bookcritics.org/blog/archive/announcing-the-national-book-critics-awards-finalists |archive-date=15 January 2014 |ref={{sfnref|National Book Critics|2014}} }} * {{cite news |last=Anthony |first=Joseph |title=Exploring the Literary Genius of Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie |url=https://heraldngr.com/2023/04/exploring-the-literary-genius-of-chimamanda-ngozi-adichie.html |access-date=27 March 2024 |work=[[The Herald (Nigeria)|Herald Nigeria]] |date=9 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240327113929/https://heraldngr.com/2023/04/exploring-the-literary-genius-of-chimamanda-ngozi-adichie.html |archive-date=27 March 2024 |url-status=live }} * {{cite magazine |last=Anya |first=Ike |title=In the Footsteps of Achebe: Enter Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie |url=https://www.africanwriter.com/in-the-footsteps-of-achebe-enter-chimamanda-ngozi-adichie/ |access-date=31 March 2024 |magazine=African Writer |date=15 October 2005 |publisher=African Writer Magazine |location=Williamstown, New Jersey |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231004131649/https://www.africanwriter.com/in-the-footsteps-of-achebe-enter-chimamanda-ngozi-adichie/ |archive-date=4 October 2023 |url-status=live }} * {{cite news |last=Assheton |first=Richard |title=What the Outspoken Author Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie Told Me at Dinner |url=https://www.thetimes.com/culture/books/article/what-the-outspoken-author-chimamanda-ngozi-adichie-told-me-at-dinner-kgm3gtdjw |access-date=22 May 2024 |work=[[The Times]] |date=1 September 2023 |location=London, UK }} * {{cite news |last=Augoye |first=Jayne |title=Why I Stopped Attending Catholic Churches in Nigeria — Chimamanda Adichie |url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/more-news/434475-why-i-stopped-attending-catholic-churches-in-nigeria-chimamanda-adichie.html |access-date=9 May 2024 |work=[[Premium Times]] |date=2 January 2021 |location=Abuja, Nigeria |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240509112927/https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/more-news/434475-why-i-stopped-attending-catholic-churches-in-nigeria-chimamanda-adichie.html |archive-date=9 May 2024 |url-status=live }} * {{cite news |last=Ayo-Aderele |first=Adesola |title=Chimamanda Elected into US Academy of Arts and Science |url=https://punchng.com/chimamanda-elected-into-us-academy-of-arts-and-science/ |access-date=8 February 2021 |newspaper=[[The Punch]] |date=12 April 2017 |location=Lagos, Nigeria |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220126061829/https://punchng.com/chimamanda-elected-into-us-academy-of-arts-and-science/ |archive-date=26 January 2022 |url-status=live }} *{{cite news |last=Baska |first=Maggie |title=Author Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie Doubles Down on Anti-trans Views |url=https://www.thepinknews.com/2022/12/01/chimamanda-ngozi-adichie-trans-women/ |access-date=19 March 2024 |work=[[PinkNews]] |date=1 December 2022 |location=London, UK |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231230131704/https://www.thepinknews.com/2022/12/01/chimamanda-ngozi-adichie-trans-women/ |archive-date=30 December 2023 |url-status=live }} * {{cite journal |last=Behrmann |first=Erika M. |title=Book and Media Reviews: Adichie, Chimamanda Ngozi. 'We Should All Be Feminists', TEDxEuston Talk. |doi=10.1080/07491409.2017.1334456 |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/07491409.2017.1334456?scroll=top&needAccess=true |access-date=11 May 2024 |journal=[[Women's Studies in Communication]] |date=July 2017 |volume=40 |issue=3 |pages=315–316 |publisher=[[Routledge]] |location=Abingdon-on-Thames, Oxfordshire |issn=0749-1409 |oclc=7082968906 |url-access=subscription }}{{subscription required|via=[[Taylor & Francis]]}} *{{cite book |last1=Bernardi |first1=Floriana |last2=Picarelli |first2=Enrica |editor1-last=Paulicelli |editor1-first=Eugenia |editor1-link=Eugenia Paulicelli |editor2-last=Manlow |editor2-first=Veronica |editor3-last=Wissinger |editor3-first=Elizabeth |title=The Routledge Companion to Fashion Studies |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0Lo8EAAAQBAJ&dq=The%20Routledge%20Companion%20to%20Fashion%20Studies%2C%20adichie&pg=PT228 |date=2022 |publisher=[[Routledge]] |location=Abingdon-on-Thames, Oxfordshire |chapter=[[DOI:10.4324/9780429264405-22|22. Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie as Fashion Icon: Addressing Nationalism and Feminism with Style]] |pages=215–222 |doi=10.4324/9780429264405-22 |isbn=978-0-367-20956-8 }} * {{cite journal |last1=Bhuta |first1=Aishwarya |title=Book Review: Adichie, C.N., ''Dear Ijeawele, or a Feminist Manifesto in Fifteen Suggestions'', London: Fourth Estate, 2017. 80 pages, ₹250. ISBN 978-0-00-824103-2 |journal=[[Indian Journal of Gender Studies]] |date=June 2018 |volume=25 |issue=2 |pages=319–323 |doi=10.1177/0971521518761445 |url=https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0971521518761445 |access-date=9 May 2024 |publisher=[[SAGE Publications]] |location=Thousand Oaks, California |issn=0971-5215 |oclc=7651369612 |url-access=subscription }} * {{cite journal |last1=Bragg |first1=Beauty |title=Racial Identification, Diaspora Subjectivity, and Black Consciousness in Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie's Americanah and Helen Oyeyemi's Boy, Snow, Bird |journal=[[South Atlantic Review]] |date=Winter 2017 |volume=82 |issue=4 |pages=121–138 |jstor=90017450 |issn=0277-335X |oclc=9970616626}} * {{cite web |last=Braimah |first=Ayodale |title=Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie (1977–) |url=https://www.blackpast.org/african-american-history/adichie-chimamanda-ngozi-1977/ |access-date=16 August 2022 |website=[[BlackPast.org|BlackPast]] |date=13 February 2018 |publisher=BlackPast.org |location=Seattle, Washington |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220810173946/https://www.blackpast.org/african-american-history/adichie-chimamanda-ngozi-1977/ |archive-date=10 August 2022 |url-status=live }} * {{cite news |last=Brockes |first=Emma |author-link=Emma Brockes |title=Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie: 'Can people please stop telling me feminism is hot?' |url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2017/mar/04/chimamanda-ngozi-adichie-stop-telling-me-feminism-hot |access-date=22 August 2017 |newspaper=[[The Guardian]] |date=4 March 2017 |location=London, UK |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190903133059/https://www.theguardian.com/books/2017/mar/04/chimamanda-ngozi-adichie-stop-telling-me-feminism-hot |archive-date=3 September 2019 |url-status=live }} * {{cite news |last=Broom |first=Sarah M. |author-link=Sarah M. Broom |title=Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie: 'My Madness Will Now Bare Itself' |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/05/09/books/review/notes-on-grief-chimamanda-ngozi-adichie.html |access-date=30 April 2024 |url-access=limited |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=9 May 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240502021205/https://www.nytimes.com/2021/05/09/books/review/notes-on-grief-chimamanda-ngozi-adichie.html |archive-date=2 May 2024 |url-status=live }} * {{cite web |last=Brown |first=Lauren Alix |title=Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie: 'Sometimes it feels like the universe is conspiring against me' |website=Quartz |date=11 December 2017 |url=https://qz.com/quartzy/1133732/chimamanda-ngozi-adichie-talks-about-feminism-and-raising-her-daughter-in-a-gendered-world |access-date=14 May 2024 }} * {{cite web | last=Busby | first=Margaret | author-link=Margaret Busby | title=Africa39: how we chose the writers for Port Harcourt World Book Capital 2014 | website=[[The Guardian]] | date=10 April 2014 | url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/booksblog/2014/apr/10/port-harcourt-world-book-capital-2014-africa-39 | access-date=14 July 2026 | location=London, UK }} * {{cite news |last=Busby |first=Margaret |author-link=Margaret Busby |title=Buchi Emecheta Obituary |url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2017/feb/03/buchi-emecheta-obituary |access-date=14 November 2020 |newspaper=[[The Guardian]] |date=3 February 2017 |location=London, UK |archive-url=https://archive.today/20170204094646/https://www.theguardian.com/books/2017/feb/03/buchi-emecheta-obituary |archive-date=4 February 2017 |url-status=live }} * {{cite news |last=Cain |first=Sian |title=Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie Slams BBC 'Ambush' with Trump Supporter |url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2016/nov/28/chimamanda-ngozi-adichie-slams-bbc-ambush-with-trump-supporter-newsnight |access-date=20 May 2024 |work=[[The Guardian]] |date=28 November 2016 |location=London, UK |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240518153327/https://www.theguardian.com/books/2016/nov/28/chimamanda-ngozi-adichie-slams-bbc-ambush-with-trump-supporter-newsnight |archive-date=18 May 2024 |url-status=live }} * {{cite news |last=Calkin |first=Jessamy |title=Love in the Time of Cornrows: Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie on Her New Novel |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/books/authorinterviews/9968921/Love-in-the-time-of-cornrows-Chimamanda-Ngozi-Adichie-on-her-new-novel.html |access-date=11 May 2024 |work=[[The Daily Telegraph]] |date=6 April 2013 |location=London, UK |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231207182012/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/books/authorinterviews/9968921/Love-in-the-time-of-cornrows-Chimamanda-Ngozi-Adichie-on-her-new-novel.html |archive-date=7 December 2023 |url-status=live }} * {{cite journal |last=Camminga |first=B. |title=Disregard and Danger: Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie and the Voices of Trans (And Cis) African Feminists |doi=10.1177/0038026120934695 |url=https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0038026120934695 |access-date=8 May 2024 |journal=[[The Sociological Review]] |date=July 2020 |volume=68 |issue=4 |pages=817–833 |publisher=[[Sage Publishing]] |location=Thousand Oaks, California |issn=0038-0261 |oclc=8643495664 |url-access=subscription }}{{subscription required|via=[[Sage Publishing|SAGE Journals]]}} * {{cite book |last1=Carotenuto |first1=Silvana |editor1-last=Ememyonu |editor1-first=Ernest N. |editor-link=Ernest Emenyonu |title=A Companion to Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie |date=2017 |publisher=[[James Currey]] |location=Woodbridge, Suffolk |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wXkVvgAACAAJ&pg=PA18 |chapter=12. 'A Kind of Paradise' Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie's Claim to Agency, Responsibility & Writing |pages=169–184 |chapter-url=https://unora.unior.it/retrieve/handle/11574/171405/29601/Companion%20to%20Chimamanda%20first%20proofs%20inc%20re-run%20Appendix-%20S%20Carotenuto.pdf |isbn=978-1-84701-162-6 }} * {{cite magazine |last=Chela |first=Efemia |title=Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie Named a Nouvelle Héroïne of Literature in France |url=https://johannesburgreviewofbooks.com/2017/08/07/chimamanda-ngozi-adichie-named-a-nouvelle-heroine-of-literature-in-france/ |access-date=15 May 2024 |magazine=[[The Johannesburg Review of Books]] |date=7 August 2017 |publisher=Ben Williams Publishing |location=Johannesburg, South Africa |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240221180302/https://johannesburgreviewofbooks.com/2017/08/07/chimamanda-ngozi-adichie-named-a-nouvelle-heroine-of-literature-in-france/ |archive-date=21 February 2024 |url-status=live }} * {{cite news |title=Chimamanda Adichie – Quintessence of a Literary Icon |url=https://allafrica.com/stories/201808060087.html |access-date=6 May 2024 |work=[[Leadership (newspaper)|Leadership]] |agency=[[AllAfrica]] |date=5 August 2018 |location=Abuja, Nigeria |id={{Gale|A550692546}} |ref={{sfnref|''Leadership''|2018}} }} * {{cite magazine |title=Chimamanda Adichie Schools White Man: 'You Don't Get To Define Racism' |url=https://www.theroot.com/watch-chimamanda-adichie-schools-white-man-you-don-t-1790857702 |access-date=20 May 2024 |magazine=[[The Root (magazine)|The Root]] |date=12 November 2016 |publisher=[[G/O Media]] |location=New York City, New York |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240518153327/https://www.theroot.com/watch-chimamanda-adichie-schools-white-man-you-don-t-1790857702 |archive-date=18 May 2024 |url-status=live |ref={{sfnref|''The Root''|2016}} }} *{{cite news |title=Chimamanda Adichie Wins French Literary Award |url=https://www.thecable.ng/chimamanda-adichie-wins-french-literary-award/ |access-date=15 May 2024 |work=[[TheCable]] |date=6 July 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220517085832/https://www.thecable.ng/chimamanda-adichie-wins-french-literary-award |archive-date=17 May 2022 |location=Lagos, Nigeria |url-status=live |ref={{sfnref|''TheCable''|2017}} }} * {{cite news |title=Chimamanda Makes History as First African to Speak at Yale's Class Day |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2019/05/chimamanda-makes-history-as-first-african-to-speak-at-yales-class-day/ |access-date=20 May 2024 |newspaper=[[Vanguard (Nigeria)|Vanguard]] |date=20 May 2019 |location=Lagos, Nigeria |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240505181154/https://www.vanguardngr.com/2019/05/chimamanda-makes-history-as-first-african-to-speak-at-yales-class-day/ |archive-date=5 May 2024 |url-status=live |ref={{sfnref|''Vanguard''|2019}} }} * {{cite news |title=Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie, a Pride to Africa, a Treasure to the World |url=https://businessday.ng/offduty/article/chimamanda-ngozi-adichie-a-pride-to-africa-a-treasure-to-the-world-2/ |access-date=23 March 2024 |work=[[Business Day (Nigeria)|Business Day]] |date=24 June 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240323124934/https://businessday.ng/offduty/article/chimamanda-ngozi-adichie-a-pride-to-africa-a-treasure-to-the-world-2/ |archive-date=23 March 2024 |url-status=live |ref={{sfnref|''Business Day''|2016}} }} * {{cite | title=Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie's Dream Count Homecoming Tour: A Photo Diary | date=5 August 2025 | url=https://brittlepaper.com/2025/08/chimamanda-ngozi-adichies-dream-count-homecoming-tour-a-photo-diary/ |website=[[Brittle Paper]]| language=en-US | ref={{sfnref|''Brittle Paper''|2025}} | access-date=14 July 2026}} * {{cite news |title=Chimamanda's Mother for Burial May 1 |url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2021/03/17/chimamandas-mother-for-burial-may-1/ |access-date=12 March 2022 |work=[[This Day]] |date=16 March 2021 |location=Apapa, Lagos |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220522165155/https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2021/03/17/chimamandas-mother-for-burial-may-1/ |archive-date=22 May 2022 |url-status=live |ref={{sfnref|''This Day''|2021}} }} * {{cite news |title=Chimamanda to Receive 16th Honorary PhD from the Catholic University of Louvain Belgium |url=https://guardian.ng/news/nigeria/chimamanda-to-receive-16th-honorary-phd-from-the-catholic-university-of-louvain-belgium/ |access-date=22 March 2022 |newspaper=[[The Guardian (Nigeria)|The Guardian Nigeria]] |date=22 March 2022 |location=Lagos, Nigeria |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220322100849/https://guardian.ng/news/nigeria/chimamanda-to-receive-16th-honorary-phd-from-the-catholic-university-of-louvain-belgium/ |archive-date=22 March 2022 |url-status=live |ref={{sfnref|''Guardian Nigeria''|2022}} }} * {{cite news |last=Chutel |first=Lynsey |title=Award-Winning Author Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie Has Had a Baby, Not That It's Anyone's Business |url=http://qz.com/722822/award-winning-author-chimamanda-ngozi-adichie-has-had-a-baby-not-that-its-anyones-business/ |access-date=3 July 2016 |work=[[Quartz (publication)|Quartz]] |date=3 July 2016 |publisher=[[G/O Media]] |location=New York City, New York |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160704125129/http://qz.com/722822/award-winning-author-chimamanda-ngozi-adichie-has-had-a-baby-not-that-its-anyones-business/ |archive-date=4 July 2016 |url-status=live }} * {{cite web |last=Crockett |first=Emily |title=The Controversy over Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie and Trans Women, Explained |url=https://www.vox.com/identities/2017/3/15/14910900/chimamanda-ngozi-adichie-transgender-women-comments-apology |access-date=9 May 2024 |website=[[Vox (website)|Vox]] |date=15 March 2017 |publisher=[[Vox Media]] |location=Washington, D.C. |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240325165825/https://www.vox.com/identities/2017/3/15/14910900/chimamanda-ngozi-adichie-transgender-women-comments-apology |archive-date=25 March 2024 |url-status=live }} * {{cite web | last=Cummins | first=Anthony | title=Dream Count by Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie review – candid conversations with friends | website=[[The Guardian]] | date=2 March 2025 | url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2025/mar/02/dream-count-by-chimamanda-ngozi-adichie-review-candid-conversations-with-friends | access-date=14 July 2026 }} * {{cite magazine |title=Curriculum Vitae: Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie |url=https://magazine.krieger.jhu.edu/2015/11/curriculum-vitae-chimamanda-ngozi-adichie/ |access-date=1 April 2024 |magazine=A & S Magazine |date=Fall 2015 |volume=13 |issue=1 |publisher=Zanvyl Krieger School of Arts & Sciences, [[Johns Hopkins University]] |location=Baltimore, Maryland |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002220404/https://magazine.krieger.jhu.edu/2015/11/curriculum-vitae-chimamanda-ngozi-adichie/ |archive-date=2 October 2023 |ref={{sfnref|Krieger|2015}} }} * {{cite book |last1=Dabiri |first1=Emma |author-link=Emma Dabiri |editor1-last=Beyer |editor1-first=Theresa |editor2-last=Burkhalter |editor2-first=Thomas |editor3-last=Liechti |editor3-first=Hannes |title=Seismographic Sounds: Visions of a New World |date=2015 |publisher=Norient |location=Berne, Switzerland |chapter=Re-Imagining Gender in Nigeria |chapter-url=https://norient.com/stories/gender-in-nigeria?topic=97 |isbn=978-3-9524496-0-8}} * {{cite web |last=Danielle |first=Britni |date=2014-03-20 |title=Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie Defends Beyoncé: 'Whoever Says They're Feminist is Bloody Feminist' |url=http://www.clutchmagonline.com/2014/03/chimamanda-ngozi-adichie-defends-beyonce-asks-shouldnt-women-sexuality/ |website=Clutch Magazine Online |location=Houston, Texas |publisher=Sutton Media |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140325224952/http://www.clutchmagonline.com/2014/03/chimamanda-ngozi-adichie-defends-beyonce-asks-shouldnt-women-sexuality/ |archive-date=2014-03-25 |access-date=2026-04-25 |accessdate=2026-07-14 |archivedate=2014-04-23 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140423173503/http://www.clutchmagonline.com/2014/03/chimamanda-ngozi-adichie-defends-beyonce-asks-shouldnt-women-sexuality/ }} * {{cite journal |last1=Daniels |first1=Juliana |title=Alternative Feminism: Interrogating Marriage and Motherhood in Chimamanda Ngozie Adichie's ''Half of a Yellow Sun'' and ''Purple Hibiscus'' |journal=The International Journal of Humanities Education |date=2022 |volume=21 |issue=1 |pages=53–66 |doi=10.18848/2327-0063/CGP/v21i01/53-66 |publisher=Common Ground Research Network, [[University of Illinois]] |location=Champaign, Illinois |issn=2327-0063 |oclc=9695413750 |id={{ProQuest|2743806195}}}} * {{cite web |last=Dayo |first=Bernard |title=Read Chimamanda Adichie's Elegantly Moving Tribute to Binyavanga Wainaina and Cry with Us |url=https://ynaija.com/read-chimamanda-adichies-elegantly-moving-tribute-to-binyavanga-wainaina-and-cry-with-us/ |access-date=23 March 2024 |website=[[YNaija]] |date=28 May 2019 |publisher=Generation Y! |location=Lagos, Nigeria |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200821225008/https://ynaija.com/read-chimamanda-adichies-elegantly-moving-tribute-to-binyavanga-wainaina-and-cry-with-us/ |archive-date=21 August 2020 |url-status=live }} * {{cite journal |last=Dube |first=Musa W. |author-link=Musa Dube |title=Purple Hibiscus: A Postcolonial Feminist Reading |url=https://doaj.org/article/e1e37b7a0049415e8f108572b16ad66a |doi=10.7832/46-2-311 |journal=Missionalia |date=April 2019 |volume=46 |issue=2 |pages=222–235 |publisher=[[Stellenbosch University]] |location=Stellenbosch, Western Cape, South Africa |issn=0256-9507 |oclc=8081262364 |doi-access=free }} * {{cite news |last=Edeme |first=Victoria |title=Chimamanda Adichie Receives Harvard's Highest Honour |url=https://punchng.com/chimamanda-adichie-receives-harvards-highest-honour/ |access-date=5 May 2024 |newspaper=[[The Punch]] |date=7 October 2022a |location=Lagos, Nigeria |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240505231800/https://punchng.com/chimamanda-adichie-receives-harvards-highest-honour/ |archive-date=5 May 2024 |url-status=live }} * {{cite news |last=Edeme |first=Victoria |date=30 December 2022b |title=Pictorial: Chimamanda Adichie receives chieftaincy title in hometown |work=Punch |url=https://punchng.com/pictorial-chimamanda-adichie-receives-chieftaincy-title-in-hometown/ |access-date=11 October 2024 }} * {{cite news |last=Edwardes |first=Charlotte |date=15 February 2025 |title='Cancel culture? We should stop it. End of story': Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie on backlash, writer's block – and her new baby twins |newspaper=[[The Guardian]] |url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2025/feb/15/cancel-culture-we-should-stop-it-end-of-story-chimamanda-ngozi-adichie-on-backlash-writers-block-and-her-two-new-babies |access-date=4 March 2025 }} * {{cite book |last1=Egbunike |first1=Louisa Uchum |editor1-last=Ememyonu |editor1-first=Ernest N. |editor-link=Ernest Emenyonu |title=A Companion to Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie |date=2017 |publisher=[[James Currey]] |location=Woodbridge, Suffolk |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wXkVvgAACAAJ&pg=PA18 |chapter=1. Narrating the Past: Orality, History & the Production of Knowledge in the Works of Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie |pages=15–30 |isbn=978-1-84701-162-6}} * {{cite journal |last1=Ejikeme |first1=Anene |title=The Women of Things Fall Apart, Speaking from a Different Perspective: Chimamanda Adichie's Headstrong Storytellers |journal=Meridians |date=2017 |volume=15 |issue=2 |pages=307–329 |url=https://muse.jhu.edu/pub/3/article/672856/pdf |access-date=1 May 2024 |publisher=[[Duke University Press]] |location=Durham, North Carolina |doi=10.2979/meridians.15.2.02 |issn=1536-6936 |oclc=8870766018 |url-access=subscription }}{{subscription required |via=[[Project Muse]]}} * {{cite web |last=Ekpo |first=Nathan Nathaniel |title='British Women did not own properties, but Igbo Women could trade and own properties'—Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie |url=https://www.modernghana.com/nollywood/34094/british-women-did-not-own-properties-but-igbo-women-could.html |access-date=20 May 2024 |website=[[ModernGhana]] |date=7 May 2018 |publisher=Modern Ghana Media Communication Ltd. |location=Accra, Ghana |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240517181401/https://www.modernghana.com/nollywood/34094/british-women-did-not-own-properties-but-igbo-women-could.html |archive-date=17 May 2024 |url-status=live }} *{{cite news |title=El madrileño barrio de la Concepción se une para exigir que no se toque un mural feminista |url=https://www.elmundo.es/madrid/2021/01/24/600da5da21efa05b308b4641.html |access-date=19 May 2024 |work=[[El Mundo (Spain)|El Mundo]] |agency=[[EFE]] |date=24 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240514214712/https://www.elmundo.es/madrid/2021/01/24/600da5da21efa05b308b4641.html |archive-date=14 May 2024 |location=Madrid, Spain |language=Spanish |trans-title=The Madrid Neighborhood of la Concepción Unites to Demand That a Feminist Mural Not Be Touched |url-status=live |ref={{sfnref|''El Mundo''|2021}} }} * {{cite book |last1=Ememyonu |first1=Ernest N. |author-link=Ernest Emenyonu |editor1-last=Ememyonu |editor1-first=Ernest N. |title=A Companion to Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie |date=2017 |publisher=[[James Currey]] |location=Woodbridge, Suffolk |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wXkVvgAACAAJ&pg=PA3 |chapter=Introduction |pages=1–14 |isbn=978-1-84701-162-6}} * {{cite news |last=Erezi |first=Dennis |title=Chimamanda Adichie Delivers Lecture at American University Commencement Ceremony |url=https://guardian.ng/news/chimamanda-adichie-delivers-lecture-at-american-university-commencement-ceremony/ |access-date=20 May 2024 |newspaper=[[The Guardian (Nigeria)|The Guardian Nigeria]] |date=13 May 2019 |location=Lagos, Nigeria |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240505181144/https://guardian.ng/news/chimamanda-adichie-delivers-lecture-at-american-university-commencement-ceremony/ |archive-date=5 May 2024 |url-status=live }} *{{cite news |last1=Espinoza Cárdenas |first1=Natalia |title=El feminismo da el vamos a Congreso Futuro con charla de Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie: "Hay que abrirse a conocer las otras historias" |url=https://www.elmostrador.cl/destacado/2020/01/13/el-feminismo-da-el-vamos-a-congreso-futuro-con-charla-de-chimamanda-ngozi-adichie-hay-que-abrirse-a-conocer-las-otras-historias/ |access-date=17 May 2024 |work=[[El Mostrador]] |date=13 January 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240514214710/https://www.elmostrador.cl/destacado/2020/01/13/el-feminismo-da-el-vamos-a-congreso-futuro-con-charla-de-chimamanda-ngozi-adichie-hay-que-abrirse-a-conocer-las-otras-historias/ |archive-date=14 May 2024 |location=Providencia, Chile |language=Spanish |trans-title=Feminism Kicks Off the Future Congress with a Talk by Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie: 'We have to be open to knowing the other stories' |url-status=live }} * {{cite web | last=Ewokor | first=Chris | title=Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie: Nigeria to hold inquest into death of author's toddler | website=[[BBC]] | date=26 February 2026 | url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cwygr2nzdp9o | access-date=14 July 2026 | location=London, UK }} * {{cite web |last=Felperin |first=Leslie |title=''Half of a Yellow Sun'': London Review |website=[[The Hollywood Reporter]] |date=11 October 2013 |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-news/a-yellow-sun-london-review-647828/ |access-date=23 April 2024 |location=Los Angeles, California |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231120195053/https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-news/a-yellow-sun-london-review-647828/ |archive-date=20 November 2023 |url-status=live }} * {{cite news |last=Flood |first=Alison |title=Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie Wins US National Book Critics Circle Award |url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2014/mar/14/chimamanda-ngozi-adichie-americanah-national-book-critics-circle-awards |access-date=7 May 2024 |newspaper=[[The Guardian]] |date=14 March 2014 |location=London, UK |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240116001615/https://www.theguardian.com/books/2014/mar/14/chimamanda-ngozi-adichie-americanah-national-book-critics-circle-awards |archive-date=16 January 2024 |url-status=live }} * {{cite news |last=Flood |first=Alison |title=Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie Wins PEN Pinter Prize |url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2018/jun/12/chimamanda-ngozi-adichie-wins-pen-pinter-prize |access-date=15 May 2024 |newspaper=[[The Guardian]] |date=12 June 2018a |location=London, UK |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240104065757/https://www.theguardian.com/books/2018/jun/12/chimamanda-ngozi-adichie-wins-pen-pinter-prize |archive-date=4 January 2024 |url-status=live }} * {{cite news |last=Flood |first=Alison |title=Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie Accepts PEN Pinter Prize with Call to Speak Out |url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2018/oct/09/chimamanda-ngozi-adichie-accepts-pen-pinter-prize-with-call-to-speak-out |access-date=15 May 2024 |newspaper=[[The Guardian]] |date=9 October 2018b |location=London, UK |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230802141640/https://www.theguardian.com/books/2018/oct/09/chimamanda-ngozi-adichie-accepts-pen-pinter-prize-with-call-to-speak-out |archive-date=2 August 2023 |url-status=live }} * {{cite news |last1=Flood |first1=Alison |title=Binyavanga Wainaina, Kenyan Author and Gay Rights Activist, Dies Aged 48 |url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2019/may/22/binyavanga-wainaina-kenyan-author-and-gay-rights-activist-dies-aged-48 |access-date=9 May 2024 |work=[[The Guardian]] |date=22 May 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230628153712/https://www.theguardian.com/books/2019/may/22/binyavanga-wainaina-kenyan-author-and-gay-rights-activist-dies-aged-48 |archive-date=28 June 2023 |location=London, UK |url-status=live }} * {{cite news |last=Flood |first=Alison |title=Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie Voted Women's Prize 'Winner of Winners' |url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2020/nov/12/chimamanda-ngozi-adichie-half-of-a-yellow-sun-voted-womens-prize-winner-of-winners |access-date=19 May 2021 |newspaper=[[The Guardian]] |date=12 November 2020 |location=London, UK |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240105135522/https://www.theguardian.com/books/2020/nov/12/chimamanda-ngozi-adichie-half-of-a-yellow-sun-voted-womens-prize-winner-of-winners |archive-date=5 January 2024 |url-status=live }} * {{cite news |last=Flood |first=Alison |title=Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie to Publish Memoir about Her Father's Death |url=http://www.theguardian.com/books/2021/feb/11/Chimamanda-Ngozi-Adichie-to-publish-memoir-about-her-fathers-death |access-date=27 February 2021 |newspaper=[[The Guardian]] |date=11 February 2021a |location=London, UK |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230916054818/https://www.theguardian.com/books/2021/feb/11/chimamanda-ngozi-adichie-to-publish-memoir-about-her-fathers-death |archive-date=16 September 2023 |url-status=live }} * {{cite news |last=Flood |first=Alison |title='It is obscene': Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie Pens Blistering Essay against Social Media Sanctimony |url=http://www.theguardian.com/books/2021/jun/16/chimamanda-ngozi-adichie-social-media-sanctimony |access-date=30 June 2021 |newspaper=[[The Guardian]] |date=16 June 2021b |location=London, UK |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210629185700/https://www.theguardian.com/books/2021/jun/16/chimamanda-ngozi-adichie-social-media-sanctimony |archive-date=29 June 2021 |url-status=live }} * {{cite web |title=Four Speakers to Deliver the BBC Radio 4 Reith Lectures 2022 |url=https://www.bbc.com/mediacentre/2022/bbc-radio-4-reith-lectures |access-date=2 December 2022 |website=Media Centre |publisher=[[BBC]] |date=30 September 2022 |location=London, UK |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240323035233/https://www.bbc.com/mediacentre/2022/bbc-radio-4-reith-lectures |archive-date=23 March 2024 |url-status=live |ref={{sfnref|BBC Radio|2022}} }} *{{cite news |last1=Germain |first1=Nicolas |title=Video: Nigerian Author's 'Americanah' Comes to France |url=https://www.france24.com/en/20150123-video-literature-nigerian-author-chimamanda-ngozi-adichie-americanah-published-france |access-date=19 May 2024 |work=[[France 24]] |date=23 January 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221017231904/https://www.france24.com/en/20150123-video-literature-nigerian-author-chimamanda-ngozi-adichie-americanah-published-france |archive-date=17 October 2022 |location=Paris, France |url-status=live }} * {{cite web | last=Glynn | first=Paul | title=Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie: Nigerian author 'devastated' by death of young son | website=[[BBC]] | date=8 January 2026 | url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c62wx32re2po | access-date=14 July 2026 | location=London, UK }} * {{cite news |last=Gonçalves |first=Emily |title=Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie Talks Feminism and Story-Telling |url=https://vanderbilthustler.com/2019/11/22/chimamanda-ngozi-adichie-talks-feminism-and-story-telling/ |access-date=20 May 2024 |work=[[The Vanderbilt Hustler]] |date=22 November 2019 |publisher=[[Vanderbilt University]] |location=Nashville, Tennessee |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240507030142/https://vanderbilthustler.com/2019/11/22/chimamanda-ngozi-adichie-talks-feminism-and-story-telling/ |archive-date=7 May 2024 |url-status=live }} * {{cite web |last=Gopalakrishnan |first=Manasi |title=Merkel Speaks with Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie |url=https://www.dw.com/en/angela-merkel-and-chimamanda-ngozi-adichie-in-conversation/a-59131973 |access-date=9 May 2024 |website=[[Deutsche Welle]] |date=9 September 2021 |location=Bonn, Germany |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231009030959/https://www.dw.com/en/angela-merkel-and-chimamanda-ngozi-adichie-in-conversation/a-59131973 |archive-date=9 October 2023 |url-status=live }} * {{cite web |last=Grady |first=Constance |title=Hillary Clinton and Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie Talk Censorship, Feminism, and Pizzagate |url=https://www.vox.com/culture/2018/4/24/17271638/hillary-clinton-chimamanda-ngozi-adichie-arthur-miller-freedom-write-pen-america-world-voices |access-date=20 May 2024 |website=[[Vox (website)|Vox]] |date=24 April 2018 |publisher=[[Vox Media]] |location=Washington, D.C. |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240518153327/https://www.vox.com/culture/2018/4/24/17271638/hillary-clinton-chimamanda-ngozi-adichie-arthur-miller-freedom-write-pen-america-world-voices |archive-date=18 May 2024 |url-status=live }} * {{cite news |last=Greenberg |first=Zoe |title=Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie's Blueprint for Feminism |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/03/15/books/chimamanda-ngozi-adiche-dear-ijeawele.html |access-date=22 March 2024 |url-access=limited |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |date=15 March 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180615032303/https://www.nytimes.com/2017/03/15/books/chimamanda-ngozi-adiche-dear-ijeawele.html |archive-date=15 June 2018 |url-status=live }} * {{cite journal |last1=Hewett |first1=Heather |title=Coming of Age: Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie and the Voice of the Third Generation |journal=English in Africa |date=May 2005 |volume=32 |issue=1 |pages=73–97 |jstor=40239030 |issn=0376-8902 |oclc=5878056558}} * {{cite web |last=Hobdy |first=Dominique |title=Why 'Americanah' Author Chimamanda Ngozi Is All About Nigerian Designers |url=https://www.essence.com/fashion/chimamanda-ngozi-adichie-wear-nigerian/ |access-date=9 May 2024 |website=[[Essence (magazine)|Essence.com]] |date=26 October 2020 |location=New York City, New York |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240507151043/https://www.essence.com/fashion/chimamanda-ngozi-adichie-wear-nigerian/ |archive-date=7 May 2024 |url-status=live }} * {{cite magazine |last=Ibeh |first=Chukwuebuka |title=Chimamanda Adichie Debuts Children's Book Under the Pseudonym Nwa Grace James |url=https://brittlepaper.com/2022/04/chimamanda-adichie-debuts-childrens-book-under-the-pseudonym-nwa-grace-james/ |access-date=1 April 2023 |magazine=[[Brittle Paper]] |date=7 April 2022 |publisher=[[Ainehi Edoro]] |location=Chicago, Illinois |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230401065833/https://brittlepaper.com/2022/04/chimamanda-adichie-debuts-childrens-book-under-the-pseudonym-nwa-grace-james/ |archive-date=1 April 2023 |url-status=live }} * {{cite news |last=Idowu |first=Torera |title=This Is Why Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie Is Only Wearing Nigerian Brands |url=https://edition.cnn.com/2017/05/09/africa/chimamanda-wear-nigerian-campaign/index.html |access-date=9 May 2024 |work=[[CNN]] |date=9 May 2017 |location=Atlanta, Georgia |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240507151042/https://edition.cnn.com/2017/05/09/africa/chimamanda-wear-nigerian-campaign/index.html |archive-date=7 May 2024 |url-status=live }} * {{cite web | last=Ige | first=Olugbenga | title=Chimamanda Adichie loses 21-month-old son | website=[[The Punch]] | date=8 January 2026 | url=https://punchng.com/breaking-chimamanda-adichie-loses-son/ | access-date=14 July 2026 | location=Lagos, Nigeria }} * {{cite journal |editor1-last=Igwe |editor1-first=Chidi |title=Profile: Professor Ernest Nneji Ememyonu |journal=ISA Newsletter |date=Winter 2017 |volume=4 |issue=1 |pages=7–10 |url=https://www.igbostudies.org/images/newsletter/isa-newsletter-winter-2017.pdf |access-date=2 May 2024 |publisher=Igbo Studies Association |location=Milwaukee, Wisconsin |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240402022840/https://www.igbostudies.org/images/newsletter/isa-newsletter-winter-2017.pdf |archive-date=2 April 2024 |issn=2375-9720 |url-status=live }} * {{cite news |last=Irvine |first=Lindesay |title=Adichie Wins a $500,000 Genius Grant |url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2008/sep/24/fiction.awardsandprizes |access-date=22 March 2024 |work=[[The Guardian]] |date=24 September 2008 |location=London, UK |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240322201112/https://www.theguardian.com/books/2008/sep/24/fiction.awardsandprizes |archive-date=22 March 2024 |url-status=live }} * {{cite journal |last1=Ishaya |first1=Yusuf Tsojon |last2=Gunn |first2=Michael |title=Graphology as Style in Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie's ''The Thing Around Your Neck'' |url=https://www.ajol.info/index.php/lwati/article/view/224185/211488 |journal=LWATI: A Journal of Contemporary Research |date=March 2022 |volume=19 |issue=1 |pages=69–86 |publisher=Universal Academic Services |location=Beijing, China |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221109035543/https://www.ajol.info/index.php/lwati/article/download/224185/211488 |archive-date=9 November 2022 |url-status=live |issn=1813-2227 }} * {{cite web |last=Italie |first=Hillel |title=Tartt, Goodwin Awarded Carnegie Medals |url=http://seattletimes.com/html/books/2023957398_apxbookscarnegiemedals.html |access-date=1 July 2014 |work=[[The Seattle Times]] |agency=[[Associated Press]] |date=30 June 2014 |location=Seattle, Washington |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140715012821/http://seattletimes.com/html/books/2023957398_apxbookscarnegiemedals.html |archive-date=15 July 2014 }} * {{cite news |title=James Nwoye Adichie (1932&nbsp;– 2020) |url=https://www.sunnewsonline.com/james-nwoye-adichie-1932-2020/ |access-date=20 May 2021 |newspaper=[[The Sun (Nigeria)|The Sun]] |date=3 July 2020 |location=Lagos, Nigeria |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220522165157/https://www.sunnewsonline.com/james-nwoye-adichie-1932-2020/ |archive-date=22 May 2022 |url-status=live |ref={{sfnref|''The Sun''|2020}} }} * {{cite web |last=Jaschik |first=Scott |title=Debate at Barnard over Selection of Commencement Speaker |url=https://www.insidehighered.com/news/2016/02/29/debate-barnard-over-selection-commencement-speaker |access-date=7 May 2024 |website=[[Inside Higher Ed]] |date=28 February 2016 |location=Washington, D.C. |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240507165545/https://www.insidehighered.com/news/2016/02/29/debate-barnard-over-selection-commencement-speaker |archive-date=7 May 2024 |url-status=live }} * {{cite magazine |last=Jones |first=Radhika |author-link=Radhika Jones |title=Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie: The World's 100 Most Influential People |url=http://time.com/3823296/chimamanda-ngozi-adichie-2015-time-100/ |access-date=14 December 2015 |magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]] |date=16 April 2015 |location=New York City, New York |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151120210148/http://time.com/3823296/chimamanda-ngozi-adichie-2015-time-100/ |archive-date=20 November 2015 }} * {{cite web |title=Keynote: Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie |url=https://rikk.hi.is/en/opinn-fyrirlestur-chimamanda-ngozi-adichie/ |access-date=20 May 2024 |website=RIKK |date=7 September 2021 |publisher=Reykjavík Institute for Gender, Equality and Difference |location=Reykjavík, Iceland |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240517223941/https://rikk.hi.is/en/opinn-fyrirlestur-chimamanda-ngozi-adichie/ |archive-date=17 May 2024 |url-status=live |ref={{sfnref|RIKK|2021}} }} *{{cite news |last=Kiene |first=Aimée |title=Ngozi Adichie: Beyoncé's Feminism Isn't My Feminism |url=http://www.volkskrant.nl/boeken/ngozi-adichie-beyonce-s-feminism-isn-t-my-feminism~a4390684/ |access-date=20 November 2020 |url-access=subscription |work=[[De Volkskrant]] |date=7 October 2016 |location=Amsterdam, Netherlands }} * {{cite news |last=Kumolu |first=Charles |title=Chimamanda: From Pushing Boundaries to Harvard's Highest Honour |newspaper=[[Vanguard (Nigeria)|Vanguard]] |date=2 October 2022 |location=Lagos, Nigeria |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2022/10/chimamanda-from-pushing-boundaries-to-harvards-highest-honour/ |access-date=22 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240515170059/https://www.vanguardngr.com/2022/10/chimamanda-from-pushing-boundaries-to-harvards-highest-honour/ |archive-date=15 May 2024 |url-status=live }} * {{cite news |last=Law |first=Katie |title=Zikora: A Short Story by Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie, Review: A Taut Tale of Sexism and Single Motherhood |url=https://www.standard.co.uk/culture/books/zikora-by-chimamanda-ngozi-adichie-book-review-a4573312.html |access-date=6 November 2020 |newspaper=[[Evening Standard]] |date=29 October 2020 |location=London, UK |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230407183223/https://www.standard.co.uk/culture/books/zikora-by-chimamanda-ngozi-adichie-book-review-a4573312.html |archive-date=7 April 2023 |url-status=live }} * {{cite journal |last1=Lecznar |first1=Matthew |title=Texts, Talks and Tailoring: Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie's Fashion Politics |journal=[[Celebrity Studies]] |date=February 2017 |volume=8 |issue=1 |pages=167–171 |doi=10.1080/19392397.2016.1275324 |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/19392397.2016.1275324 |access-date=13 May 2024 |publisher=[[Routledge]] |location=Abingdon-on-Thames, Oxfordshire |issn=1939-2397 |oclc=7181681870 |url-access=subscription }}{{subscription required|via=[[Taylor & Francis]]}} * {{cite web | last=Lee | first=Helena | title=Dream Count by Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie: interview and release date | website=[[Harper's Bazaar#Harper's Bazaar UK|Harper's BAZAAR]] | date=5 March 2025 | url=https://www.harpersbazaar.com/uk/culture/a63957572/chimamanda-ngozi-adichie-interview-dream-count/ | access-date=14 July 2026 | location=London, UK }} * {{cite news |last=Lee |first=Nicole |title=Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie: 'Fear of Causing Offence Becomes a Fetish' |url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2015/may/11/chimamanda-ngozi-adichie-fear-causing-offence-a-fetish |access-date=23 April 2024 |newspaper=[[The Guardian]] |date=11 May 2015 |location=London, UK |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231102142352/https://www.theguardian.com/books/2015/may/11/chimamanda-ngozi-adichie-fear-causing-offence-a-fetish |archive-date=2 November 2023 }} *{{cite news |title=Libros infantiles para celebrar el Día de la Mujer |url=https://www.diariodesevilla.es/vivirensevilla/Libros-infantiles-celebrar-Dia-Mujer_0_1443155914.html |access-date=19 May 2024 |work=[[Diario de Sevilla]] |date=6 March 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221205144422/https://www.diariodesevilla.es/vivirensevilla/Libros-infantiles-celebrar-Dia-Mujer_0_1443155914.html |archive-date=5 December 2022 |location=Seville, Spain |language=Spanish |trans-title=Children's Books to Celebrate Women's Day |url-status=live |ref={{sfnref|''Diario de Sevilla''|2020}} }} * {{cite news |last=Lozada |first=Carlos |author-link=Carlos Lozada (journalist) |title=In Grieving for Her Father, a Novelist Discovers the Failure of Words |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/outlook/2021/05/06/adichiegrief/ |access-date=17 June 2021 |url-access=limited |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=6 May 2021 |location=Washington, D.C. |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210618195627/https://www.washingtonpost.com/outlook/2021/05/06/adichiegrief/ |archive-date=18 June 2021 |url-status=live }} * {{cite journal |last=Luckett |first=Jeanne B. |title=Practical Matters |url=https://muse.jhu.edu/pub/212/article/700238/pdf |access-date=20 May 2024 |doi=10.1353/ewr.2018.0012 |journal=Eudora Welty Review |date=Spring 2018 |volume=10 |pages=155–163 |publisher=[[University of Pennsylvania Press]] |location=Philadelphia, Pennsylvania |issn=1947-3370 |oclc=9983914051 |url-access=subscription }}{{subscription required |via=[[Project Muse]]}} * {{cite magazine |last=MacFarquhar |first=Larissa |author-link=Larissa MacFarquhar |title=Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie Comes to Terms with Global Fame |url=https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2018/06/04/chimamanda-ngozi-adichie-comes-to-terms-with-global-fame |access-date=17 June 2021 |url-access=limited |magazine=[[The New Yorker|New Yorker.com]] |date=28 May 2018 |location=New York City, New York }} * {{cite journal |last=Madueke |first=Sylvia Ijeoma |title=On Translating Postcolonial African Writing: French Translation of Chimamanda Adichie's Half of a Yellow Sun |url=https://doaj.org/article/70e665defd2c44a894279e67311f3d6a |doi=10.21992/tc29446 |journal=TranscUlturAl |volume=11 |issue=1 |date=August 2019 |pages=49–66 |publisher=[[University of Alberta]] |location=Edmonton, Alberta |issn=1920-0323 |oclc=8615550149 |doi-access=free }} * {{cite news |last=Majendie |first=Paul |title=Nigerian Author Wins Top Women's Fiction Prize |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/entertainmentNews/idUSL0627938220070606/ |access-date=7 May 2024 |work=[[Reuters]] |date=9 August 2007 |location=London, UK |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230802141704/https://www.reuters.com/article/entertainmentNews/idUSL0627938220070606 |archive-date=2 August 2023 |url-status=live }} * {{cite magazine |last=Malec |first=Jennifer |title=Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie Pays Touching Tribute to Binyavanga Wainaina: 'A great and rare and genuine talent' |url=https://johannesburgreviewofbooks.com/2017/07/26/the-jrb-daily-chimamanda-ngozi-adichie-pays-touching-tribute-to-binyavanga-wainaina-a-great-and-rare-and-genuine-talent/ |access-date=21 February 2021 |magazine=[[The Johannesburg Review of Books]] |date=26 July 2017 |publisher=Ben Williams Publishing |location=Johannesburg, South Africa |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201202193256/https://johannesburgreviewofbooks.com/2017/07/26/the-jrb-daily-chimamanda-ngozi-adichie-pays-touching-tribute-to-binyavanga-wainaina-a-great-and-rare-and-genuine-talent/ |archive-date=2 December 2020 |url-status=live }} * {{cite journal |last=Mannur |first=Anita |title=The Danger of a Singular Fashion: Studies of Race, Fashion, and Beauty in American Studies |doi=10.1353/aq.2017.0034 |url=https://muse.jhu.edu/pub/1/article/663338/pdf |access-date=9 May 2024 |journal=[[American Quarterly]] |date=June 2017 |volume=69 |issue=2 |pages=411–420 |publisher=[[Johns Hopkins University Press]] |location=Baltimore, Marylan |jstor=26360860 |issn=0003-0678 |oclc=7075078562 |url-access=subscription }}{{subscription required|via=[[Project Muse]]}} * {{cite web |last=Martin |first=Michel |author-link=Michel Martin |title=Feminism Is Fashionable for Nigerian Writer Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie |url=https://www.npr.org/2014/03/18/291133080/news-maker |access-date=5 April 2018 |website=[[Tell Me More]] |publisher=[[NPR]] |date=18 March 2014 |location=Washington, D.C. |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190928211656/https://www.npr.org/2014/03/18/291133080/news-maker |archive-date=28 September 2019 |url-status=live }} * {{cite journal |last1=Mbah |first1=Victor Chukwudi |title=Themes and Techniques in African Novel: A Review of Ngozi Chimamanda Adichie's Half of a Yellow Sun |journal=Ansu Journal of Language and Literary Studies |date=2015 |volume=1 |issue=2 |pages=345–359 |url=https://ezenwaohaetorc.org/journals/index.php/AJLLS/article/view/215 |access-date=28 April 2024 |publisher=[[Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University]] |location=Uli, Anambra, Nigeria |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231116025502/https://ezenwaohaetorc.org/journals/index.php/AJLLS/article/view/215 |archive-date=16 November 2023 |issn=2465-7352 |url-status=live }} * {{cite news |last=McGrath |first=Charles |author-link=Charles McGrath (critic) |title=No Life Away from Her Books |url=https://www.theage.com.au/entertainment/books/no-life-away-from-her-books-20061008-ge39zh.html |access-date=22 April 2024 |url-access=limited |work=[[The Age]] |agency=[[The New York Times|New York Times Agency]] |date=8 October 2006 |location=Melbourne, Australia |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240416174943/https://www.theage.com.au/entertainment/books/no-life-away-from-her-books-20061008-ge39zh.html |archive-date=16 April 2024 |url-status=live }} *{{cite news |last1=Medeossi |first1=Paolo |title=Amore e guerraal tempo del Biafra |url=https://messaggeroveneto.gelocal.it/udine/cronaca/2009/01/29/news/amore_e_guerraal_tempo_del_biafra-4054228/ |access-date=17 May 2024 |work=[[Messaggero Veneto]] |date=29 January 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240517131110/https://messaggeroveneto.gelocal.it/udine/cronaca/2009/01/29/news/amore_e_guerraal_tempo_del_biafra-4054228/ |archive-date=17 May 2024 |location=Udine, Italy |language=Italian |trans-title=Love and War in the Time of Biafra |url-status=live }} * {{cite magazine |last=Medrano |first=Kastalia |title=Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie Continues To Be the Hero We Need |url=https://time.com/4587844/chimamanda-ngozi-adichie-elle-fashion-week/ |access-date=9 May 2024 |magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]] |date=1 December 2016 |location=New York City, New York |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231220063359/https://time.com/4587844/chimamanda-ngozi-adichie-elle-fashion-week/ |archive-date=20 December 2023 |url-status=live }} * {{cite news |title=Meghan Markle Puts Sinéad Burke on the Cover of Vogue's September Issue |url=https://www.irishtimes.com/life-and-style/fashion/meghan-markle-puts-sin%C3%A9ad-burke-on-the-cover-of-vogue-s-september-issue-1.3970604 |access-date=31 July 2019 |newspaper=[[The Irish Times]] |date=29 July 2019 |location=Dublin, Ireland |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190729141808/https://www.irishtimes.com/life-and-style/fashion/meghan-markle-puts-sin%C3%A9ad-burke-on-the-cover-of-vogue-s-september-issue-1.3970604 |archive-date=29 July 2019 |url-status=live |ref={{sfnref|''The Irish Times''|2019}} }} * {{cite book |last=Mullane |first=Janet |editor-last=Trudeau |editor-first=Lawrence J. |title=Contemporary Literary Criticism 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Emenyonu (editor), A Companion to Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie. Woodbridge: James Currey (hb £30 – 978 1 84701 162 6; pb £17.99 – 978 1 84701 241 8). 2017, xii + 300 pp. |journal=[[Africa (journal)|Africa]] |date=August 2020 |volume=90 |issue=4 |pages=805–807 |doi=10.1017/S0001972020000467 |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/A67F660512A187CF243A562962E5C76D/S0001972020000467a.pdf/ernest-e-emenyonu-editor-a-companion-to-chimamanda-ngozi-adichie-woodbridge-james-currey-hb-pound30-978-1-84701-162-6-pb-pound1799-978-1-84701-241-8-2017-xii-300-pp.pdf |access-date=18 May 2024 |publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]] |location=Cambridge, Cambridgeshire |issn=0001-9720 |oclc=8639113471 }} * {{cite book |last1=Ndula |first1=Janet |editor1-last=Ememyonu |editor1-first=Ernest N. |editor-link=Ernest Emenyonu |title=A Companion to Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie |date=2017 |publisher=[[James Currey]] |location=Woodbridge, Suffolk |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wXkVvgAACAAJ&pg=PA18 |chapter=2. Deconstructing Binary Oppositions of Gender in ''Purple Hibiscus '': A Review of Religious/Traditional Superiority & Silence |pages=31–44 |isbn=978-1-84701-162-6}} * {{cite journal |last=Nwankwọ |first=Izuu |title=Traditions of Naming in Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie's Fiction |url=https://www.postcolonial.org/index.php/pct/article/download/2803/2612 |journal=Postcolonial Text |volume=18 |issue=3 |pages=1–17 |date=2023 |publisher=[[Sorbonne Paris North University]] |location=Villetaneuse, France |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240330225125/https://www.postcolonial.org/index.php/pct/article/download/2803/2612 |archive-date=30 March 2024 |issn=1705-9100 |url-status=live }} * {{cite magazine |last=Obi-Young |first=Otosirieze |author-link=Otosirieze Obi-Young |title=As Sales Approach the Million Mark, Is Americanah Now Adichie's Signature Novel? |url=https://brittlepaper.com/2017/03/sales-approach-million-mark-americanah-adichies-signature/ |access-date=1 April 2023 |magazine=[[Brittle Paper]] |date=27 March 2017 |publisher=[[Ainehi Edoro]] |location=Chicago, Illinois |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240327030356/https://brittlepaper.com/2017/03/sales-approach-million-mark-americanah-adichies-signature/ |archive-date=27 March 2024 |url-status=live }} * {{cite magazine |last=Obi-Young |first=Otosirieze |author-link=Otosirieze Obi-Young |title=Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie's Purple Hibiscus Turns 15: The Best Moments of a Modern Classic |url=https://brittlepaper.com/2018/10/chimamanda-ngozi-adichies-purple-hibiscus-turns-15-the-best-moments-of-a-modern-classic/ |access-date=27 March 2024 |magazine=[[Brittle Paper]] |date=15 October 2018 |publisher=[[Ainehi Edoro]] |location=Chicago, Illinois |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240327030329/https://brittlepaper.com/2018/10/chimamanda-ngozi-adichies-purple-hibiscus-turns-15-the-best-moments-of-a-modern-classic/ |archive-date=27 March 2024 |url-status=live }} * {{cite magazine |last=Obi-Young |first=Otosirieze |author-link=Otosirieze Obi-Young |title=Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie Is in a Different Place Now |url=https://opencountrymag.com/cover-story-sept-chimamanda-ngozi-adichie-is-in-a-different-place-now/ |access-date=31 March 2024 |magazine=[[Open Country Mag]] |date=20 September 2021 |location=Lagos, Nigeria |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230602084010/https://opencountrymag.com/cover-story-sept-chimamanda-ngozi-adichie-is-in-a-different-place-now/ |archive-date=2 June 2023 |url-status=live }} * {{cite magazine |last=Obi-Young |first=Otosirieze |author-link=Otosirieze Obi-Young |title=Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie's Children's Picture Book Coming in 2023 |url=https://opencountrymag.com/chimamanda-ngozi-adichies-childrens-picture-book-coming-in-2023/ |access-date=1 April 2023 |website=Open Country Mag |date=4 April 2022 |location=Lagos, Nigeria |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230401065834/https://opencountrymag.com/chimamanda-ngozi-adichies-childrens-picture-book-coming-in-2023/ |archive-date=1 April 2023 |url-status=live }} * {{cite web | last=Oduah | first=Henry | title=Coroner suspends inquest into death of Chimamanda's son | website=[[Vanguard (Nigeria)|Vanguard]] | date=5 May 2026 | url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2026/05/coroner-suspends-inquest-into-death-of-chimamandas-son/ | access-date=14 July 2026 | location=Lagos, Nigeria }} *{{cite journal |last1=Ogwude |first1=Sophia O. |title=History and Ideology in Chimamanda Adichie's Fiction |journal=[[Tydskrif vir Letterkunde]] |date=February 2011 |volume=48 |issue=1 |pages=110–123 |doi=10.4314/tvl.v48i1.63824 |url=https://scielo.org.za/pdf/tvl/v48n1/v48n1a09.pdf |access-date=17 May 2024 |publisher=[[University of Pretoria]] |location=Pretoria, South Africa |issn=0041-476X |oclc=923961739 }} * {{cite web |last=Okachie |first=Leonard |title=Chimamanda Selected as Radcliffe Fellow |url=https://www.radcliffe.harvard.edu/news/in-news/chimamanda-selected-radcliffe-fellow |access-date=16 January 2017 |website=[[Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study|Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study News]] |date=19 May 2011 |publisher=[[Harvard University]] |location=Cambridge, Massachusetts |archive-date=16 October 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191016180456/https://www.radcliffe.harvard.edu/news/in-news/chimamanda-selected-radcliffe-fellow |accessdate=14 July 2026 |archivedate=16 October 2019 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20191016180456/https://www.radcliffe.harvard.edu/news/in-news/chimamanda-selected-radcliffe-fellow }} * {{cite web |last=Okafor |first=Chinedu |title=Chimamanda Adichie Comes under Same Fire as Rowling over Transphobia |url=https://ynaija.com/Chimamanda-Adichie-comes-under-same-fire-as-rowling-over-transphobia/ |access-date=20 November 2020 |website=[[YNaija]] |date=17 November 2020 |publisher=Generation Y! |location=Lagos, Nigeria |archive-url=https://archive.today/20201120105742/https://ynaija.com/chimamanda-adichie-comes-under-same-fire-as-rowling-over-transphobia/ |archive-date=20 November 2020 |url-status=live }} * {{cite web | last=Okafor | first=Makuochi | title=Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie's family accuses Euracare Hospital of negligence over son's death | website=[[BBC]] | date=10 January 2026 | url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c0lx09e618yo | access-date=11 January 2026 }} * {{cite web | last=Okogba | first=Emmanuel | title=Chimamanda becomes first woman to receive chieftaincy title in hometown | website=Vanguard News | date=1 January 2023 | url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2023/01/chimamanda-becomes-first-woman-to-receive-chieftaincy-title-in-hometown/ | access-date=16 February 2025 }} * {{cite journal |last=Okolo |first=Luke Ndudi |title=Thematic and Stylistic Analysis of Chimamanda Adichie's Purple Hibiscus |url=https://journals.ezenwaohaetorc.org/index.php/AJLLS/article/view/236 |access-date=23 April 2024 |journal=Ansu Journal of Language and Literary Studies |volume=1 |issue=3 |date=2016 |pages=1–13 |publisher=[[Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University]] |location=Uli, Anambra, Nigeria |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240324124655/https://journals.ezenwaohaetorc.org/index.php/AJLLS/article/view/236 |archive-date=24 March 2024 |issn=2465-7352 |url-status=live }} * {{cite news |last=Olaiya |first=Tope Templer |title=Chimamanda Adichie Did Not Accept National Honour, Team Confirms |url=https://editor.guardian.ng/news/chimamanda-adichie-did-not-accept-national-honour-team-confirms/ |access-date=14 October 2022 |work=[[The Guardian (Nigeria)|The Guardian Nigeria]] |date=13 October 2022 |location=Lagos, Nigeria |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230802142103/https://editor.guardian.ng/news/chimamanda-adichie-did-not-accept-national-honour-team-confirms/ |archive-date=2 August 2023 }} * {{cite news |last=Olaopa |first=Tunji |title=An Encounter with Toyin Falola: Between Celebration and Canonization of Intellectuals |url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2022/11/27/an-encounter-with-toyin-falola-between-celebration-and-canonization-of-intellectuals/ |access-date=4 December 2022 |work=[[This Day]] |date=27 November 2022 |location=Apapa, Lagos |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221204235846/https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2022/11/27/an-encounter-with-toyin-falola-between-celebration-and-canonization-of-intellectuals/ |archive-date=4 December 2022 |url-status=live }} * {{cite web | last=Olonilua | first=Ademola | title=ICYMI: My parents did not name me Chimamanda, says author, Adichie | website=[[The Punch]] | date=2 January 2021 | url=https://punchng.com/my-parents-did-not-name-me-chimamanda-says-author-adichie/ | access-date=14 July 2026 | location=Lagos, Nigeria }} * {{cite journal |last=Ordu |first=Stanley |title=Womanism and Patriarchy in Chimamanda Adichie's ''Purple Hibiscus'' |url=https://www.litinfinite.com/wp-content/uploads/7_Stanley-Ordu-_61_73.pdf |access-date=3 May 2022 |doi=10.47365/litinfinite.3.2.2021.61-73 |journal=Litinfinite Journal |volume=3 |issue=2 |date=December 2021 |pages=61–73 |publisher=Supriyo Chakraborty Penprints Publications |location=Kolkata, India |issn=2582-0400 |oclc=9455975886 }} * {{cite news |last=Parnass |first=Larry |title=Nigerian Author Adichie Urges Williams Grads to Commit to Social Justice |url=https://www.berkshireeagle.com/archives/nigerian-author-adichie-urges-williams-grads-to-commit-to-social-justice/article_83ec0753-03f4-5353-abb9-9e2d01a8cc15.html |access-date=20 May 2024 |work=[[The Berkshire Eagle]] |date=4 June 2017 |location=Pittsfield, Massachusetts |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240505181145/https://www.berkshireeagle.com/archives/nigerian-author-adichie-urges-williams-grads-to-commit-to-social-justice/article_83ec0753-03f4-5353-abb9-9e2d01a8cc15.html |archive-date=5 May 2024 |url-status=live }} * {{cite news |last=Pazzanese |first=Christina |title=Adichie: 'Protect and Value the Truth': Class Day Speaker Urges Graduating Seniors to Embrace That Principle in Their Own Lives |url=https://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2018/05/harvards-class-day-speaker-urges-students-to-protect-and-value-the-truth-in-their-own-lives/ |access-date=20 May 2024 |work=[[Harvard Gazette]] |date=24 May 2018 |publisher=[[Harvard University]] |location=Cambridge, Massachusetts |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240505181153/https://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2018/05/harvards-class-day-speaker-urges-students-to-protect-and-value-the-truth-in-their-own-lives/ |archive-date=5 May 2024 |url-status=live }} * {{cite news |last=Pearce |first=Katie |title=Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie Talks Politics, Race, and Writing at Johns Hopkins |url=https://hub.jhu.edu/2017/02/09/chimamanda-adichie-fas-hopkins/ |access-date=20 May 2024 |work=The Hub |date=9 February 2017 |publisher=[[Johns Hopkins University]] |location=Baltimore, Maryland |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240505181145/https://hub.jhu.edu/2017/02/09/chimamanda-adichie-fas-hopkins/ |archive-date=5 May 2024 |url-status=live }} * {{cite news |last=Pongsajapan |first=Robert |title=Award-Winning Author Adichie Explores Faith, Feminism at Georgetown Event |url=https://www.georgetown.edu/news/award-winning-author-adichie-explores-faith-feminism-at-georgetown-event/ |access-date=9 May 2024 |work=Georgetown University News |date=17 March 2017 |publisher=[[Georgetown University]] |location=Washington, D.C. |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231001085251/https://www.georgetown.edu/news/award-winning-author-adichie-explores-faith-feminism-at-georgetown-event/ |archive-date=1 October 2023 |url-status=live }} * {{cite web |title=Previous Winners |url=http://www.caineprize.com/winners_02.php |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091212075827/http://www.caineprize.com/winners_02.php |archive-date=12 December 2009 |website=[[Caine Prize]] |date=2009 |publisher=The Caine Prize for African Writing |location=London, UK |ref={{sfnref|Caine Prize|2009}} |accessdate=14 July 2026 |archivedate=12 August 2013 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130812074229/http://www.caineprize.com/winners_02.php }} * {{cite magazine |last=Richardson |first=Catherine |title=Dayton Literary Peace Prize |url=https://go.gale.com/ps/anonymous?id=GALE%7CA247445488 |access-date=7 May 2024 |magazine=[[Poets & Writers Magazine]] |volume=39 |issue=1 |date=January–February 2011 |publisher=[[Poets & Writers|Poets & Writers Inc.]] |location=New York City, New York |issn=0891-6136 |id={{Gale|A247445488}} }} * {{cite web |last=Ring |first=Trudy |title=Novelist Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie Goes Anti-Trans Again |url=https://www.advocate.com/transgender/2022/12/02/novelist-chimamanda-ngozi-adichie-goes-anti-trans-again |access-date=9 May 2024 |website=[[The Advocate (magazine)|Advocate.com]] |date=2 December 2022 |publisher=Pride Media |location=Los Angeles, California |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240510185048/https://www.advocate.com/transgender/2022/12/02/novelist-chimamanda-ngozi-adichie-goes-anti-trans-again |archive-date=10 May 2024 |url-status=live }} * {{cite magazine |last=Rios |first=Carmen |title=Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie Warns Humanitarians About the Danger of a Single Story |url=http://msmagazine.com/2019/10/21/the-danger-of-a-single-story-at-our-borders-and-in-our-movements/ |access-date=10 May 2024 |magazine=[[Ms. (magazine)|Ms.]] |date=21 October 2019 |publisher=[[Feminist Majority Foundation|Liberty Media for Women, LLC]] |location=Arlington, Virginia |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240511180515/http://msmagazine.com/2019/10/21/the-danger-of-a-single-story-at-our-borders-and-in-our-movements/ |archive-date=11 May 2024 |url-status=live }} * {{cite journal |last1=Roifah |first1=Miftahur |title=Becoming a Mother: The Transition to Motherhood in Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie's 'Zikora' |journal=Prosodi |date=October 2021 |volume=15 |issue=2 |pages=178–185 |doi=10.21107/prosodi.v15i2.12184 |url=https://journal.trunojoyo.ac.id/prosodi/article/view/12184 |access-date=3 May 2024 |publisher=[[University of Trunojoyo Madura]] |location=Bangkalan, Indonesia |issn=1907-6665 |doi-access=free }} *{{cite news |last1=Rojas |first1=Juan Carlos |title=Chimamanda vino al Hay Festival para reivindicar a la mujer negra |url=https://www.eltiempo.com/colombia/otras-ciudades/chimamanda-vino-al-hay-festival-para-reivindicar-a-la-mujer-negra-de-cartagena-y-coloambia-322564 |access-date=17 May 2024 |work=[[El Tiempo (Colombia)|El Tiempo]] |date=4 February 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231201062218/https://www.eltiempo.com/colombia/otras-ciudades/chimamanda-vino-al-hay-festival-para-reivindicar-a-la-mujer-negra-de-cartagena-y-coloambia-322564 |archive-date=1 December 2023 |location=Bogotá, Colombia |language=Spanish |trans-title=Chimamanda Came to the Hay Festival to Vindicate Black Women |url-status=live }} * {{cite web |last=Ryan |first=Lisa |title=Here's Why Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie Is Wearing Only Nigerian Brands |url=https://www.thecut.com/2017/05/chimamanda-ngozi-adichie-wear-nigerian-fashion.html |access-date=9 May 2024 |website=[[The Cut (New York)|The Cut]] |date=8 May 2017 |publisher=[[New York (magazine)|New York Magazine]] |location=New York City, New York |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231205212547/https://www.thecut.com/2017/05/chimamanda-ngozi-adichie-wear-nigerian-fashion.html |archive-date=5 December 2023 |url-status=live }} * {{cite news |last=Saeed |first=Saeed |title=Frankfurt Book Fair Discussions Focus on Female Authors, Diversity and Responsibility of Publishers |url=https://www.thenationalnews.com/arts-culture/books/frankfurt-book-fair-discussions-focus-on-female-authors-diversity-and-responsibility-of-publishers-1.780496 |access-date=20 May 2024 |work=[[The National (Abu Dhabi)|The National]] |date=15 October 2018 |location=Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240519161331/https://www.thenationalnews.com/arts-culture/books/frankfurt-book-fair-discussions-focus-on-female-authors-diversity-and-responsibility-of-publishers-1.780496 |archive-date=19 May 2024 |url-status=live }} * {{cite news |last=Safronova |first=Valeriya |title=Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie Talks Beauty, Femininity and Feminism |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/11/28/fashion/chimamanda-ngozi-adichie-boots-no7-makeup.html |access-date=9 May 2024 |url-access=limited |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=28 November 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240322210719/https://www.nytimes.com/2016/11/28/fashion/chimamanda-ngozi-adichie-boots-no7-makeup.html |archive-date=22 March 2024 |url-status=live }} * {{cite news |last=Sam-Duru |first=Prisca |title=Chimamanda Adichie, a Growing Literary Prodigy |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2014/01/chimamanda-adichie-growing-literary-prodigy/ |access-date=23 April 2024 |newspaper=[[Vanguard (Nigeria)|Vanguard]] |date=22 January 2014 |location=Lagos, Nigeria |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230802142100/https://www.vanguardngr.com/2014/01/chimamanda-adichie-growing-literary-prodigy/ |archive-date=2 August 2023 |url-status=live }} *{{cite news |last1=Sarr |first1=Lucie |title=African Feminist Reflects on 'Fratelli Tutti' in Vatican Paper |url=https://www.ncronline.org/news/people/african-feminist-reflects-fratelli-tutti-vatican-paper |access-date=19 May 2024 |work=[[National Catholic Reporter]] |date=4 August 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231202110622/https://www.ncronline.org/news/people/african-feminist-reflects-fratelli-tutti-vatican-paper |archive-date=2 December 2023 |location=Kansas City, Missouri |url-status=live }} * {{cite journal |last1=Sebola |first1=Moffat |title=Some Reflections on Selected Themes in Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie's Fiction and Her Feminist Manifesto |journal=Literator |date=May 2022 |volume=43 |issue=1 |doi=10.4102/lit.v43i1.1723 |url=https://literator.org.za/index.php/literator/article/view/1723 |access-date=4 May 2024 |publisher=Bureau for Scholarly Journals |location=Potchefstroom, South Africa |issn=0258-2279 |oclc=9627424976 |doi-access=free }} * {{cite web |last=Sefa-Boakye |first=Jennifer |title=Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie Co-Curates PEN World Voices Festival in NYC with Focus on African Literature |url=https://pen.org/press-clip/chimamanda-ngozi-adichie-co-curates-pen-world-voices-festival-in-nyc-with-focus-on-african-literature/ |access-date=23 April 2024 |website=[[PEN America]] |date=17 February 2015 |location=New York City, New York |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231102152943/https://pen.org/press-clip/chimamanda-ngozi-adichie-co-curates-pen-world-voices-festival-in-nyc-with-focus-on-african-literature/ |archive-date=2 November 2023 |url-status=live |accessdate=14 July 2026 |archivedate=2 November 2023 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20231102152943/https://pen.org/press-clip/chimamanda-ngozi-adichie-co-curates-pen-world-voices-festival-in-nyc-with-focus-on-african-literature/ }} * {{cite news |last=Shariatmadari |first=David |title=Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie: Religious Leaders Must Help End Nigeria Violence |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2012/jan/13/chimamanda-ngozi-adichie-nigeria-leaders |access-date=9 May 2024 |work=[[The Guardian]] |date=13 January 2012 |location=London, UK |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200129154612/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2012/jan/13/chimamanda-ngozi-adichie-nigeria-leaders |archive-date=29 January 2020 |url-status=live }} * {{cite journal |last1=Sharobeem |first1=Heba M. |title=Space as the Representation of Cultural Conflict and Gender Relations in Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie's ''The Thing Around Your Neck'' |journal=Rocky Mountain Review |date=Spring 2015 |volume=69 |issue=1 |pages=18–36 |doi=10.1353/rmr.2015.a580802 |url=https://muse.jhu.edu/pub/143/article/580802/pdf |access-date=1 May 2024 |publisher=Rocky Mountain Modern Language Association |location=Pullman, Washington |issn=1948-2825 |oclc=7791796472 |url-access=subscription }}{{subscription required |via=[[Project Muse]]}} * {{cite news |last=Shilling |first=Jane |title=The Thing Around Your Neck by Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie: Review |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/books/bookreviews/5094748/The-Thing-Around-Your-Neck-by-Chimamanda-Ngozi-Adichie-Review.html |access-date=29 April 2024 |work=[[The Daily Telegraph]] |date=2 April 2009 |location=London, UK |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240329094106/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/books/bookreviews/5094748/The-Thing-Around-Your-Neck-by-Chimamanda-Ngozi-Adichie-Review.html |archive-date=29 March 2024 |url-status=live }} * {{cite news |last=Stephen-David |first=Pembi |title=Chimamanda Adichie – Toeing the Line of Literary Giants |url=https://allafrica.com/stories/201306070144.html |access-date=17 May 2024 |work=[[Leadership (newspaper)|Leadership]] |agency=[[AllAfrica]] |date=7 June 2013 |location=Abuja, Nigeria |id={{Gale|A332826978}} }} *{{cite journal |last1=Stobie |first1=Cheryl |title=Taking wing: Vulnerability and queer/trans resistance in ''The Thirty Names of Night'' by Zeyn Joukhadar |journal=Safundi |date=October 2021 |volume=22 |issue=4 |pages=353–374 |doi=10.1080/17533171.2022.2062173 |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/17533171.2022.2062173 |access-date=14 May 2024 |publisher=[[Routledge]] |location=Abingdon-on-Thames, Oxfordshire |issn=1543-1304 |oclc=9619990616 |url-access=subscription }} * {{cite news |last=Streeter |first=Leslie Gray |title=Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie's Notes on Grief Captures the Bewildering Messiness of Loss – Review |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/books/reviews/chimamanda-ngozi-adichie-notes-on-grief-b1846822.html |access-date=23 April 2024 |work=[[The Independent]] |date=16 May 2021 |location=London, UK |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230902021830/https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/books/reviews/chimamanda-ngozi-adichie-notes-on-grief-b1846822.html |archive-date=2 September 2023 |url-status=live }} * {{cite news |title=The 10 Best Books of 2013 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2013/12/15/books/review/the-10-best-books-of-2013.html |access-date=23 April 2024 |url-access=limited |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=4 December 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240418002846/https://www.nytimes.com/2013/12/15/books/review/the-10-best-books-of-2013.html |archive-date=18 April 2024 |url-status=live |ref={{sfnref|''The New York Times''|2013}} }} * {{cite magazine |title=The 2016 International Best Dressed List |url=https://archive.vanityfair.com/article/2016/10/the-2016-international-best-dressed-list |access-date=9 May 2024 |magazine=[[Vanity Fair (magazine)|Vanity Fair]] |date=1 October 2016 |pages=125–151 |location=New York City, New York |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240424093349/https://archive.vanityfair.com/article/2016/10/the-2016-international-best-dressed-list |archive-date=24 April 2024 |issn=0733-8899 |url-status=live |ref={{sfnref|''Vanity Fair''|2016}} }} * {{cite web |title=The Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie's Parents' Memoirs (2) Knowing Each Other before You Marry |url=https://sunnewsonline.com/the-chimamanda-ngozi-adichies-parents-memoirs-2-knowing-each-other-before-you-marry/ |interviewer=Chika Abanobi |access-date=1 April 2024 |website=[[Sun News (Nigeria)|The Sun]] |date=14 September 2019 |location=Lagos, Nigeria |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240401152741/https://sunnewsonline.com/the-chimamanda-ngozi-adichies-parents-memoirs-2-knowing-each-other-before-you-marry/ |archive-date=1 April 2024 |url-status=live |ref={{sfnref|''The Sun''|2019}} }} * {{cite web |title=The Thing Around Your Neck: Stories |url=https://www.kirkusreviews.com/book-reviews/chimamanda-ngozi-adichie/the-thing-around-your-neck/ |access-date=14 August 2022 |website=[[Kirkus Reviews|Kirkus Reviews.com]] |date=1 May 2009 |publisher=Kirkus Media |location=New York City, New York |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220814121050/https://www.kirkusreviews.com/book-reviews/chimamanda-ngozi-adichie/the-thing-around-your-neck/ |archive-date=14 August 2022 |url-status=live |ref={{sfnref|''Kirkus Reviews''|2009}} }} * {{cite web |title=Top 10 Nigerians in Africa Report's 100 Most Influential Africans |url=http://venturesafrica.com/top-10-nigerians-in-africa-reports-100-most-influential-africans/ |access-date=5 January 2021 |website=Ventures Africa |date=9 October 2019 |location=Maitama, Nigeria |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220321064651/https://venturesafrica.com/top-10-nigerians-in-africa-reports-100-most-influential-africans/ |archive-date=21 March 2022 |url-status=live |ref={{sfnref|''Ventures Africa''|2019}} |last1=Africa |first1=Ventures }} * {{cite book |last=Tunca |first=Daria |editor1-last=Gyssels |editor1-first=Kathleen |editor2-last=Ledent |editor2-first=Bénédicte |title=Présence africaine en Europe et au-delà |trans-title=African Presence in Europe and Beyond |date=2010 |publisher=[[Éditions L'Harmattan]] |location=Paris, France |chapter=Of French Fries and Cookies: Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie's Diasporic Short Fiction |chapter-url=https://orbi.uliege.be/bitstream/2268/33339/1/Tunca_Adichie_African.pdf |pages=291–309 |isbn=978-2-296-12803-3}} * {{cite book |last=Tunca |first=Daria |editor1-last=Gates Jr |editor1-first=Henry Louis |editor1-link=Henry Louis Gates Jr. |editor2-last=Akyeampong |editor2-first=Emmanuel K. |editor2-link=Emmanuel K. Akyeampong |title=Dictionary of African Biography |volume=1: Abach-Brand |date=2011 |publisher=Oxford University Press |location=New York, New York |chapter=Adichie, Chimamanda Ngozi (1977) |pages=94–95 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=39JMAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA94 |isbn=978-0-19-538207-5}} * {{cite journal |last1=Tunca |first1=Daria |title=Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie as Chinua Achebe's (Unruly) Literary Daughter: The Past, Present, and Future of 'Adichebean' Criticism |journal=[[Research in African Literatures]] |date=Winter 2018 |volume=49 |issue=4 |pages=107–126 |doi=10.2979/reseafrilite.49.4.08 |jstor=10.2979/reseafrilite.49.4.08 |hdl=2268/233956 |issn=0034-5210 |oclc=9969832851 |url=https://orbi.uliege.be/bitstream/2268/233956/1/Tunca_Adichie_Achebe_RAL.pdf }} * Urujzian, Vero-Ekpris Gladstone. "Proverbs and metaphors as discursive strategies in selected novels by Achebe and Adichie." ''LWATI: A Journal of Contemporary Research'' 20, no. 1 (2023): 72–86. * {{cite web |last=Ufuoma |first=Vincent |title=Buhari to Confer National Honours on Chimamanda Adichie, 436 Others |url=https://www.icirnigeria.org/buhari-to-confers-national-award-on-chimamanda-adichie-436-others/ |access-date=7 May 2024 |website=International Centre for Investigative Reporting |date=2 October 2022 |location=Abuja, Nigeria |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240507165542/https://www.icirnigeria.org/buhari-to-confers-national-award-on-chimamanda-adichie-436-others/ |archive-date=7 May 2024 |url-status=live }} * {{cite news |editor-last=Useni |editor-first=Mohammed |title=Anti-Gay Law: Chimamanda Adichie Writes, 'Why can't he just be like everyone else?' |url=http://newswirengr.com/2014/02/19/anti-gay-law-chimamanda-adichie-writes-why-cant-he-just-be-like-everyone-else/ |access-date=21 February 2021 |agency=[[NewswireNGR]] |date=19 February 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231209073447/https://newswirengr.com/2014/02/19/anti-gay-law-chimamanda-adichie-writes-why-cant-he-just-be-like-everyone-else/ |archive-date=9 December 2023 |url-status=live }} * {{cite journal |last1=Vanzanten |first1=Susan |title='The Headstrong Historian': Writing with Things Fall Apart |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_research-in-african-literatures_summer-2015_46_2/page/85 |journal=[[Research in African Literatures]] |date=Summer 2015 |volume=46 |issue=2 |pages=85–103 |doi=10.2979/reseafrilite.46.2.85 |jstor=10.2979/reseafrilite.46.2.85 |issn=0034-5210 |oclc=5827202813}} * {{cite web | title=Video: Nigerian author's 'Americanah' comes to France | website=[[France 24]] | date=23 January 2015 | location=[[Paris]], France | url=https://www.france24.com/en/20150123-video-literature-nigerian-author-chimamanda-ngozi-adichie-americanah-published-france | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251223090705/https://www.france24.com/en/20150123-video-literature-nigerian-author-chimamanda-ngozi-adichie-americanah-published-france | archive-date=23 December 2025 | url-status=live | ref={{sfnref|France 24|2015}} | access-date=23 December 2025 }} * {{cite magazine |last=Wagner |first=Erica |author-link=Erica Wagner |title=Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie: 'I Wanted To Claim My Own Name' |url=https://www.vogue.co.uk/article/chimamanda-ngozi-adichie-novelist-ted-speaker-interview |access-date=10 May 2024 |magazine=[[British Vogue]] |date=3 November 2015 |location=London, UK |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231018140532/https://www.vogue.co.uk/article/chimamanda-ngozi-adichie-novelist-ted-speaker-interview |archive-date=18 October 2023 |url-status=live }} * {{cite web |last=Weatherford |first=Ashley |title=Chimamanda Adichie Talks Black Hair and the Narrow Definition of Beauty |url=https://www.thecut.com/2016/12/chimamanda-adichie-on-black-hair-and-redefining-beauty.html |access-date=9 May 2024 |website=[[The Cut (New York)|The Cut]] |date=8 December 2016 |publisher=[[New York (magazine)|New York Magazine]] |location=New York City, New York |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231130085834/https://www.thecut.com/2016/12/chimamanda-adichie-on-black-hair-and-redefining-beauty.html |archive-date=30 November 2023 |url-status=live }} * {{cite web |last=Weller |first=Chris |title=New Yorkers Just Selected a Book for the Entire City to Read in America's Biggest Book Club |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/one-book-one-new-york-book-club-2017-3 |access-date=22 March 2024 |website=[[Business Insider|Business Insider UK]] |date=16 March 2017 |location=London, UK |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171024040152/http://uk.businessinsider.com/one-book-one-new-york-book-club-2017-3 |archive-date=24 October 2017 }} *{{cite journal |title='We Should All Be Feminists' |journal=Foreign Rights Catalog: Books for Kids and Teens |date=January–June 2021 |page=109 |url=https://www.penguinrandomhousegrupoeditorial.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/foreign-rights-kids-teens-2021-first-semester-penguinrandomhousegrupoeditorial.pdf |access-date=19 May 2024 |publisher=[[Penguin Random House]] |location=New York City, New York |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240519184758/https://www.penguinrandomhousegrupoeditorial.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/foreign-rights-kids-teens-2021-first-semester-penguinrandomhousegrupoeditorial.pdf |archive-date=19 May 2024 |url-status=live |ref={{sfnref|''Foreign Rights Catalog''|2021}} }} * {{cite news |last=Williams |first=Zoe |author1-link=Zoe Williams (writer) |title='I believe literature is in peril': Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie Comes Out Fighting for Freedom of Speech |url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2022/nov/28/chimamanda-ngozi-adichie-bbc-reith-lecture-freedom-truth-trans-rights |access-date=19 March 2024 |work=[[The Guardian]] |date=28 November 2022 |location=London, UK |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240319123047/https://www.theguardian.com/books/2022/nov/28/chimamanda-ngozi-adichie-bbc-reith-lecture-freedom-truth-trans-rights |archive-date=19 March 2024 |url-status=live }} {{Refend}} == Links n'aga n'ezi== {{commons|Category:Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie|Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie}} * Website nke [http://chimamanda.com/ Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie] * [http://www.l3.ulg.ac.be/adichie/index.html The Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie Website], English Department of the University of Liège, [[Belgium]] {{DEFAULTSORT:Adichie, Chimamanda Ngozi}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Ndị Igbo]] [[Òtù:Ndi Afrika nke Amerika]] [[Otú:Odee akwụkwọ si Naijiria]] [[Òtù:Ndi Amerika]] [[Otú:Ụmụ nwanyị Naijiria gụrụ akwụkwọ]] [[Otú:Ụmụ nwanyị Naijiria]] [[Otú:Ndị amụrụ n'afọ 1977]] ropyxwvy2sx6f7m5xww1axntqy0hxn7 0 8281 727546 211902 2026-09-24T07:09:42Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727546 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Chinwe Obaji''' {{Audio|Ig-Chinwe Obaji.ogg|Audio}} bụ onye Nkụzi''nke mahadum bụrụkwa onye na-akwado ihe mmụta nke ahọpụtara ibụ onye isi 'Federal Ministry of Education' n'ọnwa isii n'afọ 2005 nke onye sotara ya bụ [[Obiageli Ezekwesili]].<ref name="muse">{{cite web|url=http://www.nigerianmuse.com/20090603012051zg/nigeriawatch/education/education-10-ministers-10-years-of-democracy|publisher=The Guardian|date=May 28, 2009|title=Education: 10 ministers, 10 years of democracy|author=Rotimi Lawrence Oyekanmi|accessdate=2009-10-12}}</ref> == Ndụ ya == Amụrụ Chinwe Obaji n' Ezinihitte-Mbaise na [[Ȯra Imo|Imo State]]. Site n'afọ 1980, Ọ bụ  onye Nkuzi nke Mahadum nakwa onye nlekọta na Mahadum 'Michael Okpara College of Agriculture, nke di na Umuagwo, [[Ȯra Imo|Imo State]] n'ala [[Naigeria|Nigeria]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://cache.zoominfo.com/CachedPage/?archive_id=0&page_id=1822714513&page_url=//www.ikeibe.com/kema.htm&page_last_updated=7/28/2007+3:16:50+PM&firstName=Chinwe&lastName=Obaji|date=July 22, 2006|title=Kema Chikwe and Imo Government House|author=Ben Duru|publisher=Ikeibe.com|accessdate=2009-10-13|archivedate=2013-01-05|archiveurl=https://archive.ph/20130105152944/http://cache.zoominfo.com/CachedPage/?archive_id=0&page_id=1822714513&page_url=//www.ikeibe.com/kema.htm&page_last_updated=7/28/2007+3:16:50+PM&firstName=Chinwe&lastName=Obaji}}</ref> == Ọkwa Minista ya == Chinwe Obaji, dị ka Minista na-ahu maka Mmụta (Minister of Education), gbalịrị iweghachite ngalaba nke Inspektọrate nke Ụlọ Ọrụ Na-ahụ maka Mmụta na Federal. Ọ malitere ọrụ otu-nri kwa ụbọchị na ụfọdụ ụlọ akwụkwọ na mba Naijiria. Onyere iwu ka Mahadum di iche iche bido inye Ụmụakwụkwọ Ule ana-akpọ 'Post University Matriculation Examination' to candidate students na mgbalị iji ngabiga arụmọrụ nke n'ezigiezi 'Joint Admission and Matriculation Board (JAMB)'. I ji kwadoo Iwu a, onye Isiala President [[Olusegun Obasanjo]] kpọkuru ndi ala Naijiria ka ha kwadoo ule 'post-JAMB screening'.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nairaland.com/nigeria/topic-4745.0.html|title=HND graduates can now rise above Level 14|date=January 6, 2006|author=Madu Onuorah|publisher=The Guardian|accessdate=2009-10-12}}</ref> N' otú ọ dị, e nwere nghọtaghie banyere Ego ndị Mahadum na-ana maka ule ahụ.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.modernghana.com/print/224275/1/amaechi-the-open-fraud-called-post-ume-test.html|title=Amaechi & The Open Fraud Called "Post-UME" Test|author=Odimegwu Onwumere|publisher=Modern Ghana News:|date=June 27, 2009|accessdate=2009-10-12}}</ref> Na Nzukọ  'Federal Ministry of Education, National Universities Commission (NUC) nakwa Joint Admission and Matriculation Board' n'onwa Iri n'afọ 2005, ha kwekọritara ka Ego Ule a bụrụ Otu Puku Naira (N1,000).<ref>{{cite web|url=https://groups.yahoo.com/group/Naija-news/message/3873|title=As varsities win screening battle, Education minister says it's a unanimous decision|author=Emmanuel Edukugho|date=October 27, 2005|publisher=Vanguard|accessdate=2009-10-13|archivedate=2013-02-09|archiveurl=https://archive.ph/20130209191602/http://groups.yahoo.com/group/Naija-news/message/3873}}</ref> Na-ọz''iza ''Ajụjụ na  'House of Representative n'ọnwa iri n'otu n'afọ 2005, Chinwe Obaji  kwụrụ si na Mahadum ọbụla naara karia Otu Puku Naira maka Ule 'post JAMB screening' adaala mba n'iwu a onyere.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1G1-138845508.html|title=Post Jamb Test: Fees Beyond N1,000 Illegal - Minister.|publisher=This Day|date=November 15, 2005|author=Donald Andoor|accessdate=2009-10-12}} {{Dead link|date=October 2010|bot=H3llBot}}</ref> 'House of Representations mechara kagbuo Iwu a.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://nigeriaworld.com/articles/2006/feb/033.html|title=CHINWE OBAJI'S LEGACY|author=Atâyi-Babs Ezekiel Opaluwah|date=February 3, 2006|publisher=NigeriaWorld|accessdate=2009-10-12|archivedate=2011-07-16|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110716031504/http://nigeriaworld.com/articles/2006/feb/033.html}}</ref> N'ọnwa anọ n'afọ 2006, Chinwe Obaji nyere nkọwa zuru ezu maka mmepụta nke usoro agụmakwụkwọ bụ isi iji jide n'aka na nwa ọ bụla nọ na Nigeria nwere ohere inweta agụmakwụkwọ bụ isi. Gọọmentị setịpụrụ usoro ịba mba maka ndị nne na nna na-edeghị ụmụ ha akwụkwọ maka ụlọ akwụkwọ, ma malite ịmaliteghachi 40,000 ndị nkụzi maka ime obodo.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wes.org/ewenr/06jun/africa.htm|title=Universal Basic Education System Altered|date=April 27, 2006|publisher=Vanguard|accessdate=2009-10-12|archive-date=2009-09-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090904065750/http://www.wes.org/ewenr/06jun/africa.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref> O kwuru na usoro nkuzi Universal Basic Education (UBE) bụ iji mee ka ụmụaka nwetakwuo nkuzi di elu, karia nwata nwanyi ".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/pontifical_councils/migrants/pom2006_101-suppl/rc_pc_migrants_pom101-suppl_migraz-ebegbulem.html|title=People on the Move: MIGRATION AND PROSTITUTION AMONG WOMEN FROM COUNTRIES OF ISLAMIC MAJORITY|date=August 2006|author=Sr. Patricia EBEGBULEM|publisher=Pontifical Council for the Pastoral Care of Migrants and Itinerant People|accessdate=2009-10-12|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121020212731/http://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/pontifical_councils/migrants/pom2006_101-suppl/rc_pc_migrants_pom101-suppl_migraz-ebegbulem.html|archivedate=2012-10-20|df=}}</ref> == Ọkwa ya ndi ọzọ == Dr Chinwe Obaji bụkwara Prọfessọ na International Education na Voorhees College nke di na USA site n'afọ 2007.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cipaco.org/spip.php?article1159|title=Obaji Preaches IT Education in Nigerian Universities|author=Efem Nkanga|date=01/10/2007|publisher=This Day|accessdate=2009-10-12|archivedate=2009-06-07|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090607223234/http://www.cipaco.org/spip.php?article1159}}Check date values in: <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">&#x7C;date=</code> ([//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:CS1_errors%23bad_date help]){{cite web|url=http://www.cipaco.org/spip.php?article1159|title=Obaji Preaches IT Education in Nigerian Universities|author=Efem Nkanga|date=01/10/2007|publisher=This Day|accessdate=2009-10-12|archivedate=2009-06-07|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090607223234/http://www.cipaco.org/spip.php?article1159}}</ref> == Nrụtụaka == {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Obaji, Chinwe}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Otú:Ụmụ nwanyị Naijiria gụrụ akwụkwọ]] [[Otú:Ụmụ nwanyị Naijiria]] o9g602wnjoverg8pbdi04yimqu9bfza 0 8509 727594 724271 2026-09-24T11:45:47Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727594 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Diezani K. Alison-Madueke''' {{Audio|Ig-Diezani K. Alison-Madueke.ogg|audio}} (onye a mụrụ n'abali isii n'ọnwa iri abụọ n'afọ 1960) bụ otu onye ndọrọ ọchichi nke mba [[Naijiria|Nigerian]] bụkwara nwanyi mbụ bụ onye isi (President of OPEC). Aghọpụtara ya na Nzukọ 166th nke ndi OPEC  Vienna n'abali 27 n'ọnwa iri n'otu n'afọ 2014.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nuj-europe-chapter.blogspot.co.uk/2014/11/nigerian-minister-becomes-1st-opec.html|work=NUJEurope|title=Nigerian Minister Becomes 1st OPEC Female President|date=27 November 2014|accessdate=2014-11-28}}</ref> Ọ bụrụ onye isi n'ahụ maka Ụgbọ Njem na 26 July 2007. Ezigara ya na 'Mines and Steel Development' na 2008, aghọpụtara ya dika onye isi 'Minister of Petroleum Resources' na April 2010. == Ihe gbasara ya == A mụrụ Diezani K. Agama na  [[Ugwu Ọcha|Port Harcourt]], [[Ȯra Rivers|Rivers State]], [[Naijiria|Nigeria]]. Nna ya bụ Chief Frederick Abiye Agama. O gụrụ Architecture na England nakwa Howard University nke di na [[Njikọ̀taọ̀hà|United States]]. Ọ gụchara bachelor's degree na Howard n'abali asatọ n'ọnwa iri n'abụọ n'afọ 1992.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news2.onlinenigeria.com/news/top-stories/106625-howard-university-faults-alison-madueke%E2%80%99s-year-of-graduation.html|newspaper=Nigeria News|title=Diezani Alison-Madueke’s year of graduation faulted by Howard University|date=7 August 2011|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111110013043/http://news2.onlinenigeria.com/news/top-stories/106625-howard-university-faults-alison-madueke%E2%80%99s-year-of-graduation.html|archivedate=10 November 2011|deadurl=no}}</ref> Ọ lọtara [[Naijiria|Nigeria]] bido ọrụ na Shell Petroleum Development Corporation n'otu afọ a. N'afọ 2002, ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ na Cambridge Judge Business School ebe O nwetara MBA degree.<ref name="sunstyle">{{cite news|url=http://www.sunnewsonline.com/webpages/features/sunstyle/2007/july/14/sunstyle-14-07-2007-001.htm|title=Diezani Allison-Madueke ...A passion from the creeks to the peak|author=Kunle Hamilton|date=14 July 2007|publisher=Daily Sun|accessdate=2009-12-15|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100201235310/http://www.sunnewsonline.com/webpages/features/sunstyle/2007/july/14/sunstyle-14-07-2007-001.htm|archivedate=1 February 2010|df=dmy}}</ref> Na nlọta ya na Naijiria,A ghọpụtara Diezani Alison-Madueke ka ọ bụrụ Ọnye Isi ndi Shell n'afọ 2006. Ọ bụ Nwanyi mbụ bụ onye isi Shell as an Executive Director na Naijiria<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|url=https://www.naija.ng/1120774-diezani-alison-madueke-biography-career.html#1120774|title=Story of ex-minister Diezani Alison-Madueke who broke through the ranks in a male-dominated oil sector|last=Olawale|first=Johnson|date=2017-11-25|work=Naija.ng - Nigeria news.|access-date=2018-01-17|language=en-US}}</ref> Kemgbe afọ 1999 ọlụrụ Admiral Allison Madueke (onye nke lagoro ezumikenka), onye bụbula 'Chief of Naval Staff' nakwa Governor ndi [[Ọ̀hà Ímò|Imo]] na [[Ọ̀hà Ọmambala|Anambra State]]. Onwere ụmụ Nwoke abụọ: Chimezie Madueke n' Ugonna Madueke.<ref name="Ndigbo">{{Cite news|author=Ndigbo, Ogbuefi|title=Diezani Allison Madueke`s sons' Scandalous private jet lifestyle|date=18 January 2012|newspaper=Elombah|url=http://elombah.com/index.php/special-reports/9509-diezani-allison-maduekes-sons-scandalous-private-jet-lifestyle-v15-9509|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121103215659/http://elombah.com/index.php/special-reports/9509-diezani-allison-maduekes-sons-scandalous-private-jet-lifestyle-v15-9509|archivedate=3 November 2012|deadurl=yes}}</ref> Na ọnwa Itoolu n'afọ 2011 ndi Nigerian Defence Academy, nyere Alison-Madueke 'honorary Doctorate degree' na Management Sciences na [[Kaduna]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.vanguardngr.com/2011/09/yet-another-garland-for-diezani-alison-madueke/|title=Yet another garland for Diezani Alison-Madueke|date=September 17, 2011|work=[[Vanguard (Nigeria)]]|accessdate=2011-12-21}}</ref> N'ọnwa Itoolu n'afọ 2008, ndi Ntụ biara itụrụ  Alison-Madueke na nwa ya Nwoke: Chimezie Madueke n'ụlọ ya n' [[Abuja]].<ref>{{Cite news|author=Modibbo, Ibrahim|title=Nigeria: Police Foil Attempt to 'Kidnap' Allison-Madueke|date=29 September 2008|newspaper=Leadership|location=Abuja, Nigeria|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200809291237.html|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6XzFOyKTJ?url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200809291237.html|archivedate=22 April 2015|deadurl=no|df=dmy}}</ref> === Ọkwa ya na Federal cabinet === Diezani Alison-Madueke ejideela ọkwa atọ pụtara ihie na gọvamenti nke elu n'obodo Nigerian. Aghọpụtara ya dika onye isi Ụgbọ Njem n'ọnwa asaa n'afọ 2007. N'ọnwa iri na abụọ n'afọ 2008, aghọpụtara ya dika 'Minister of Mines and Steel Development'.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://odili.net/news/source/2008/dec/24/432.html|date=24 December 2008|title=Alison-Madueke resumes at Mines and Steel ministry|publisher=The Punch|accessdate=2009-12-15|archivedate=2024-12-15|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20241215190341/http://odili.net/news/source/2008/dec/24/432.html}}{{Dead link|date=October 2010|bot=H3llBot}}</ref> Mgbe onye na-esota onye Isi ala bụ [[Goodluck Jonathan]] mrchara bụrụ onye isia ala n'ọnwa abụọ n'afọ 2010, ọ gbanwere ọkwa ọchichi gọvamenti n'abali iri n'asaa n'ọnwa atọ n'afọ  2010, ma kpọbata ndi ọhụrụ n'abali isii n'ọnwa anọ n'afọ 2010 ghọpụta Alison-Madueke dika Minister for Petroleum Resources.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ihsglobalinsight.com/SDA/SDADetail18510.htm|title=New Cabinet Unveiled as Nigeria's Acting President Shores Up Position|date=7 April 2010|work=IHS Global Insight|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6XzCj8oLs?url=https://www.ihs.com/country-industry-forecasting.html?id=106594388&pu=1&rd=globalinsight_com|archivedate=22 April 2015|deadurl=yes|df=dmy-all}}</ref> === Onye na-ahu maka Mmanụ na-agba n'ala === Dika onye na-ahu maka Mmanụ na-agba n'ala, Alison-Madueke kpebiri na ya ga-agbanwe 'Nigeria's oil and gas industry' ka ọ baara ndi ala Naijiria uru.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nhhrNg7ySko|title=Oil and Gas Working for All Nigeria Part 1|author=Diezani Alison-Madueke|accessdate=2012-01-12}}</ref> N'Ọnwa anọ n'afọ 2010, onye Isi ala [[Goodluck Jonathan]]  bịanyere aka n'akwụkwọ Iwu ndi Naijiria, bụ nke kpebiri ikwalite Nkwekọrita Ọrụ n'etiti Ndi aụmahia Naijiria - mmeghachi omume nke ndị ọrụ ala ọzọ. <ref>{{cite web|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/201005040301.html|title=Content Law - of Content And Contempt|work=[[Media Trust|Daily Trust]]|author=Hamisu Muhammad|date=4 May 2010|accessdate=2012-01-12}}</ref>  Otu n'ime usoro kachasị arụmụka ndị e mere n'okpuru Alison-Madueke bụ atụmatụ gọọmentị iji wepụ ihe enyemaka nke obodo na ọnụahịa mmanụ. Alison-Madueke kwadoro njedebe nke nkwado "n'ihi na ọ na-enye nnukwu ego ego na ndị gọọmenti, na-akwado ndị bara ọgaranya, [ma] na-agba ume ka a ghara ịrụ ọrụ, nrụrụ aka na ntụgharị nke ụkọ ihe onwunwe ọha na eze site na itinye ego na ngwá ọrụ dị egwu."<ref>{{Cite news|title=FG outlines benefits of fuel subsidy removal|author=Tunde Dodondawa|last=Tunde Dodondawa|url=http://www.tribune.com.ng/index.php/energy/33991-fg-outlines-benefits-of-fuel-subsidy-removal|work=[[Nigerian Tribune]]|date=9 January 2012|archive-date=2 March 2012|access-date=2 July 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120302023913/http://tribune.com.ng/index.php/energy/33991-fg-outlines-benefits-of-fuel-subsidy-removal|url-status=dead}}</ref> === Mbụ === Alison-Madueke bụ nwanyị mbụ na-ejide ọnọdụ nke Minista Petroleum Resources na Nigeria, na October 2010, ọ ghọrọ nwanyị mbụ na-eduga mba mba na ogbako OPEC kwa afọ.. Ọ bụ nwanyị mbụ na-ahụ maka ndị ọrụ ụgbọ njem, na nwanyị mbụ a ga-ahọpụta na ụlọ Shell Petroleum Development Company Nigeria.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://sweetcrudereports.com/2011/09/17/nda-awards-alison-madueke-doctorate-degree/|title=NDA awards Alison-Madueke doctorate degree|work=SweetCrude Reports|date=17 September 2011|accessdate=2012-01-12|archivedate=2011-11-17|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111117075506/http://sweetcrudereports.com/2011/09/17/nda-awards-alison-madueke-doctorate-degree/}}</ref> Na 27 November 2014, a họpụtara ya dịka onye isi oche nke OPEC.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Petroleum Minister, Alison-Madueke Elected First OPEC Female President|author=Okafor, Chineme|last=Okafor, Chineme|url=http://www.thisdaylive.com/articles/petroleum-minister-alison-madueke-elected-first-opec-female-president/195193/|work=This Day Live|date=27 November 2014|archive-date=15 January 2015|access-date=2 July 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150115023733/http://www.thisdaylive.com/articles/petroleum-minister-alison-madueke-elected-first-opec-female-president/195193/|url-status=dead}}</ref> N'ọrụ ya n'etiti n'ìgwè ndị nwoke, Alison-Madueke kwuru na ọ dọrọ ụmụ agbọghọ ndị ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ aka ná ntị na Shell ka ha "gbanwee ụdị echiche ha."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thisdaylive.com/articles/npdc-s-appointment-of-a-funding-partner-has-been-greatly-misunderstood-alison-madueke/93077/|title=NPDC’s Appointment of a Funding Partner Has Been Greatly Misunderstood – Alison-Madueke|date=12 June 2011|work=[[ThisDay]]|accessdate=2012-01-12|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120506195037/http://www.thisdaylive.com/articles/npdc-s-appointment-of-a-funding-partner-has-been-greatly-misunderstood-alison-madueke/93077/|archivedate=6 May 2012|df=dmy}}</ref> === Mkpesa nke ugha ego na njide ya === Otu PBS NewsHour nke kwuru na ndị isi [[Njikọ̀taọ̀hà|American]] na [[Obodoézè Nà Ofú|British]] na-ekwu na onye bụbu  Minista Diezani Alison-Madueke nwere ike ịhazi ihe dịka ijeri $ 6 (N1.2 trillion) site na akụ na ụba Nigeria.<ref name="6bill">{{Cite news|title=Ex-minister might have personally supervised stealing of $6bn [VIDEO]|author=Jolo Sobuto|last=Jolo Sobuto|url=http://pulse.ng/local/diezani-ex-minister-might-have-personally-supervised-stealing-of-6bn-video-id4435328.html|work=pulse.ng|date=7 December 2015|accessdate=1 May 2016|archive-date=7 May 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160507110212/http://pulse.ng/local/diezani-ex-minister-might-have-personally-supervised-stealing-of-6bn-video-id4435328.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> E boro ya ebubo na ọ ga-akpata $ 20 ijeri na-efu site na ụlọọrụ Petroleum. Onye isi ochichi Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN), Sanusi, kwughachiri okwu a n'oge onu ogugu nke PBS na 2 December 2015.<ref>{{Cite news|title=‘Nigeria was losing $1bn a month under Jonathan,’ Emir says [VIDEO]|author=Jola Sobutu|last=Jola Sobutu|url=http://pulse.ng/local/sanusi-lamido-nigeria-was-losing-1bn-a-month-under-jonathan-emir-says-video-id4434634.html|work=pulse.ng|date=7 December 2015|accessdate=1 May 2016|archive-date=17 April 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417085840/http://pulse.ng/local/sanusi-lamido-nigeria-was-losing-1bn-a-month-under-jonathan-emir-says-video-id4434634.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=How a cancer of corruption steals Nigerian oil, weapons and lives|author=Nick Schifrin|last=Nick Schifrin|url=https://www.pbs.org/newshour/bb/how-a-cancer-of-corruption-steals-nigerian-oil-weapons-and-lives/|work=PBS NewsHour|date=2 December 2015|accessdate=1 May 2016}}</ref> Sanusi kwenyere na a chụru ya n´ọrụ ya na Central Bank of Nigeria n'ihi na o mere ka  ọha mara n' Ijeri Dollars Abụọ '$2 billion dollaras' furu na Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation (NNPC) n'okpuru. Alison Madueke kwuru na Sanusi boro ya ebubo a Ị ji megwara ya maka n´ ọ nyereghị ya aka nweta ọkwa dika onye isi ndi African Development Bank (AfDB) ma kpochapụ ebubo ya.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://pulse.ng/local/frankly-speaking-with-jola-sotubo-panama-papers-will-expose-more-nigerians-id4886802.html|title=Panama Papers will expose more Nigerians|work=pulse.ng|accessdate=1 May 2016|date=7 April 2016|author=Jolo Sobuto|archivedate=12 May 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160512004902/http://pulse.ng/local/frankly-speaking-with-jola-sotubo-panama-papers-will-expose-more-nigerians-id4886802.html}}</ref> E boro ya ebubo na ọ na-akwụ ụgwọ ọtụtụ nde Naira maka ọrụ mana  ọ naghị akwụghachi ụgwọ ma na-etinye ego na-ezighị ezi. nakwa na ịlafu ọtụtụ ijeri naira na-ekwesịghị ekwesị na ọdụ ụgbọelu.E boro ya ebubo na ọ na-akwụ ụgwọ ọtụtụ nde Naira maka ọrụ mana ọ naghị akwụghachi ụgwọ ma na-etinye ego na-ezighị ezi.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Missing $20bn: Alison-Madueke sues PREMIUM TIMES, APC, 9 others|author=Udo, Bassey|last=Udo, Bassey|url=http://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/headlines/178649-missing-20bn-alison-madueke-sues-premium-times-apc-9-others.html|work=The Premium Times|date=18 March 2015}}</ref><ref name="Saga-1">{{Cite news|title=The Diezani Allison-Madueke Saga: Another Private Jet Uncovered!|url=http://www.bellanaija.com/2014/03/26/nigerias-petroleum-minister-accused-of-squandering-over-n10-billion-on-private-jets/|work=Bella Naija|date=26 March 2014}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=Nigerian Senate probes mystery govt payments|url=http://www.mg.co.za/article/2008-06-27-nigerian-senate-probes-mystery-govt-payments|work=Mail & Guardian|date=27 June 2008}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|title=Diezani Alison-Madueke Maintained Rooms In Two New York Luxury Hotels During UN Assembly|url=http://saharareporters.com/2012/09/28/diezani-alison-madueke-maintained-rooms-two-new-york-luxury-hotels-during-un-assembly|work=Sahara Reporters|date=28 September 2012}}</ref> nakwa na ịlafu ọtụtụ ijeri naira na-ekwesịghị ekwesị na ọdụ ụgbọelu .<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.vanguardngr.com/2014/10/n10bn-jet-scandal-court-okays-allison-madueke-nnpcs-amended-suit-reps/|title=N10bn Jet Scandal: Court okays Allison-Madueke, NNPC's amended suit against Reps|date=2014-10-21|website=Vanguard News|access-date=2017-07-21}}</ref> N'October 2009, Senate nke Naijiria kpọpụrụ Diezani Alison-Madueke ma kwadoro ikpe maka ịnyefe otu ijeri naira n'ọkara 1.2 n'ime akaụntụ nzuzo nke otu ụlọ ọrụ na-enweghị ọnụ na-enweghị usoro kwesịrị ekwesị na imebi nkwekọrịta .<ref>{{Cite news|title=N300bn TRANSPORTATION contractS:Senate report indicts Anenih, Okonjo-Iweala, Ciroma|url=http://www.vanguardngr.com/2009/10/12/n300bn-transportation-contractssenate-report-indicts-anenih-okonjo-iweala-ciroma/comment-page-8/|work=Vanguard News|date=12 October 2009}}</ref> Ndi  Economic and Financial Crimes Commission nke Naijiria kpọpụrụ ya Ụlọ Ikpe maka <nowiki>''Ịkwụsị Ego'/Money Laundering'</nowiki>.<ref>{{Cite news|title=N23bn Bribe: EFCC Charges Alison-Madueke, INEC Staff To Court|url=http://www.promptnewsonline.com/n23bn-bribe-efcc-charges-alison-madueke-inec-staff-court/|work=Prompt News|date=2017-04-06|accessdate=2017-07-21|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://saharareporters.com/2017/02/27/uk-government-okays-diezani%E2%80%99s-trial-%E2%80%98money-laundering%E2%80%99|title=UK Government Okays Diezani’s Trial For ‘Money Laundering’|last=siteadmin|date=2017-02-27|website=Sahara Reporters|access-date=2017-07-21}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=EFCC includes Diezani in N450m money laundering charge - TheCable|url=https://www.thecable.ng/efcc-includes-diezan-n450m-money-laundering-charge|work=TheCable|date=2017-03-13|accessdate=2017-07-21|language=en-US}}</ref> Na 2 October 2015, Reuters kọrọ na United Kingdom National Crime Agency (NCA) nọ na London jidere Alison-Madueke, tinyere mmadụ anọ ọzọ na-enyo enyo maka mmebi iwu na mmebi iwu. Otú ọ dị, onye na-ekwuchitere ọnụ ndị uweojii ekweghị na ọ maara ihe merenụ.<ref name="datahq">{{cite web|publisher=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/2015/10/02/us-nigeria-oil-arrest-idUSKCN0RW21020151002|title=Nigeria's ex-oil minister Alison-Madueke arrested in London: sources|date=3 October 2015|access-date=2 July 2018|archive-date=6 October 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151006025642/http://www.reuters.com/article/2015/10/02/us-nigeria-oil-arrest-idUSKCN0RW21020151002|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|publisher=|title=|date=|url=https://www.thenews.ng/metro/breaking-news-diezani-alison-madueke-arrested-in-london/|accessdate=2018-07-02|archivedate=2016-08-15|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160815110151/https://www.thenews.ng/metro/breaking-news-diezani-alison-madueke-arrested-in-london/}}Missing or empty <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">&#x7C;title=</code> ([//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:CS1_errors%23citation_missing_title help]){{cite web|publisher=|title=|date=|url=https://www.thenews.ng/metro/breaking-news-diezani-alison-madueke-arrested-in-london/|accessdate=2018-07-02|archivedate=2016-08-15|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160815110151/https://www.thenews.ng/metro/breaking-news-diezani-alison-madueke-arrested-in-london/}}</ref> Ndị ezinụlọ ya na gọvamenti Naijiria kwadoro na e jidere ya na London, ọ bụ ezie na NCA jụrụ ikwu okwu banyere ikpe ahụ.<ref name="BBC">{{Cite news|title=Nigeria's ex-oil minister 'arrested in London'|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-34430597|work=BBC.com|date=2 October 2015|accessdate=2 October 2015}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=UK crime agency authorised to seize cash from Nigeria ex-oil minister - court|url=http://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-britain-nigeria-arrests-idUKKCN0RZ1XN20151005|date=5 October 2015|accessdate=15 July 2016|archive-date=17 August 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160817154443/http://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-britain-nigeria-arrests-idUKKCN0RZ1XN20151005|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=Nigeria's Former Oil Minister Alison-Madueke Arrested in U.K.|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2015-10-05/nigeria-s-former-oil-minister-alison-madueke-arrested-in-u-k-|publisher=Bloomberg News|date=5 October 2015|accessdate=15 July 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=International Corruption Unit arrests|url=http://www.nationalcrimeagency.gov.uk/news/718-international-corruption-unit-arrests|publisher=UK National Crime Agency|date=2 October 2015|accessdate=15 July 2016|archive-date=3 August 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160803115306/http://nationalcrimeagency.gov.uk/news/718-international-corruption-unit-arrests|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=Identities of those arrested along with Diezani revealed|url=http://dailypost.ng/2015/10/05/identities-of-those-arrested-along-with-diezani-revealed/|work=Daily Post|date=5 October 2015|accessdate=15 July 2016}}</ref> Nakwa na Nigeria, n'ụlọ ya na Asokoro, [[Abuja]] ndị na-akpata nrụrụ aka na Ngalaba na-ahụ maka Nchịkwa Ụba na Ego nke Ndị Naijiria nke a na-akpọ Economic and Financial Crimes Commission, gbara aka na ebe obibi ya awa ole na ole mgbe e jidere ya na London.<ref>{{Cite news|title=EFCC seals Abuja home of former Nigerian minister, Alison-Madueke|url=http://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/headlines/190949-efcc-seals-abuja-home-of-former-nigerian-minister-alison-madueke.html|publisher=Premium Times|date=2 October 2015|accessdate=15 July 2016}}</ref> Na 28 August 2017, otu ụlọikpe gọọmenti etiti Naijiria ijeri naira asaa na ụfọ nke pụtara nde dollar iri abụọ n'otu ($ 21 million) site n'aka ụlọ ọrụ akụ na Alison-Madueke.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.aljazeera.com/news/2017/08/nigeria-seizes-21m-linked-diezani-alison-madueke-170828185617954.html|title=Nigeria seizes $21m linked to Diezani Alison-Madueke|date=29 August 2017|publisher=Al Jazeera}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.africanews.com/2017/08/29/21m-of-ex-nigerian-oil-minister-seized-protesters-demand-her-extradition/|title=$21m of ex-Nigerian oil minister seized, protesters demand her extradition|date=29 August 2017|publisher=africanews}}</ref> Na Mee 11, 2021, nde $ 153 (nde euro 140) sitere n'aka Diezani Alison-Madueke. Na 80 nke ụlọ ya. === Ahụ ike === Oge ọ ka-anọ n'ọchichi, Alison-Madueke mere ka aghọta na ọ na-anara Ọgwụ maka ọrịa kansa na [[Obodoézè Nà Ofú|United Kingdom]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.vanguardngr.com/2015/10/cancer-pray-for-me-diezani-begs-nigerians/|title=Cancer: Pray for me, Diezani begs Nigerians|author=Clifford Ndujihe|date=10 October 2015|accessdate=10 October 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://saharareporters.com/2015/06/06/former-petroleum-minister-alison-madueke-undergoing-breast-cancer-treatment|title=Former Petroleum Minister, Alison-Madueke, Undergoing Breast Cancer Treatment|date=6 June 2015|accessdate=10 October 2015}}</ref> == Leekwa == * [[List of people from Port Harcourt]] == Nrụtụaka == {{reflist|2}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Alison-Madueke, Diezani}} [[Òtù:1960 births]] [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 798vykgyna75oha1zwd5dh2gr6t0yp6 0 9861 727526 724442 2026-09-24T05:43:52Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 3 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727526 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Cecilia Nkemdilim Okoye''' {{Audio|Ig-Cecilia Nkemdilim Okoye.ogg|Audio}}(amụrụ ya na 13 Septemba n'afo 1991) Nwaafọ bọọlụ basketball nke amụrụ na mba Amerịka no na otu BBC Etzella na Naijiria mba otu . <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://archive.fiba.com/pages/eng/fa/p/lid_38135_cp/1/pid/118012/q/Cecilia_Okoye/rpp//_//players.html |title=FIBA profile |access-date=2020-11-06 |archive-date=2018-12-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181225030725/http://archive.fiba.com/pages/eng/fa/p/lid_38135_cp/1/pid/118012/q/Cecilia_Okoye/rpp//_//players.html |url-status=dead}}</ref> == Ndụ mbido == A mụrụ ya na New York, nne na nna bu ndi Naijiria. <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://archive.fiba.com/pages/eng/fa/team/p/sid/8124/tid/340/_/2017_FIBA_Women_s_Afrobasket_FIBA_Women_s_Afrobasket_/index.html |title=Archive copy |access-date=2020-11-06 |archive-date=2018-04-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180402225948/https://archive.fiba.com/pages/eng/fa/team/p/sid/8124/tid/340/_/2017_FIBA_Women_s_Afrobasket_FIBA_Women_s_Afrobasket_/index.html |url-status=dead}}</ref> == Ọrụ mba ụwa == O sonyere na 2017 Afrobasket nke umu nwanyị . <ref>[http://www.fiba.basketball/womensafrobasket/2017/Cecilia-Okoye 2017 Women's Afrobasket profile]</ref> ọ nyere 4pts, 2.4rebounds na 0,5 na-enye aka maka egwuregwu ọ bụla n'oge asọmpi maka D'Tigress . <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://archive.fiba.com/pages/eng/fa/p/rpp//q/Cecilia%20OKOYE/pid/118012/_//players.html |title=Archive copy |access-date=2020-11-06 |archive-date=2020-12-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201218212211/https://archive.fiba.com/pages/eng/fa/p/rpp//q/Cecilia%20OKOYE/pid/118012/_//players.html |url-status=dead}}</ref> Ndị otu ahụ meriri Gold na asọmpi ahụ. == Ọrụ Klọb Nigeria == Ọ gbara bọọlụ basketball nke ụmụ nwanyị Naịjirịa nke lagos a makwaara dị ka Elephant Girls n'oge 2017 FIBA Africa Mmeri iko maka ụmụ nwanyị asọmpi na Angola. Asọmpi a mere n’abalị 10–19 Nọvemba, ebe asọmpi Spanish amalitebeghị. <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.sportflames.com/2017/11/cecilia-okoye-makes-first-bank-team.html?m=1 |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2020-11-06 |archivedate=2020-11-10 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20201110045903/http://www.sportflames.com/2017/11/cecilia-okoye-makes-first-bank-team.html?m=1 }}</ref> O were 10.3pts, 5.3 rebounds na 1 na-enyere aka egwuregwu ọ bụla n'oge asọmpi ahụ. <ref>http://www.fiba.basketball/womensafricachampionscup/2017/Cecilia-Okoye</ref> ==Ebe nsi nweta== {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Okoye, Cecilia}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] dm45t81f0by10mkb8gvpoowezeblbxe 0 9877 727475 724455 2026-09-24T02:43:45Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727475 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Bilkisu Yusuf''', nke a makwaara dị ka Hajiya Bilkisu Yusuf, (Disemba 2, 1952 &#x2013; Septemba 24, 2015), bụbu onye nta akụkọ [[Naijiria|Naịjirịa]], onye ode akwụkwọ na onye ndezi akwụkwọ akụkọ ama ama n'[[Abuja]], [[Kano]] na [[Kaduna]],nke [[Naijiria]] . A maara ya na Naijiria maka ị bụ nwanyị mbụ na-edu ụlọ ọrụ akwụkwọ akụkọ, were jee ozi dịka onye nchịkọta akụkọ maka mmadụ nyee ụlọ akwụkwọ akụkọ abụọ ọzọ. Ọ bụ onye [[Ndi Haụsa|Awusa]], Alakụba, onye nkwado ụmụ nwanyị, na onye na-akwado otu ngwakọta ofufe dị iche iche, onye a ma ama maka ị bụ onye ndụmọdụ nye onye isiala Naịjirịa n'ihe gbasara mba ofesi yana ịtọ ntọala ndị otu NGO, dịka Women In Nigeria (WIN) na Federation of Muslim Women Association. (FOMWAN). A zọgburu Yusuf na <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2015_Mina_stampede" rel="mw:ExtLink" title="2015 Mina stampede" class="cx-link" data-linkid="58">2015 Mina stampede</a> ka ọ nọ na Haj na Mecca,na Saudi Arabia . <ref name="pri">{{Cite web|url=http://www.pri.org/stories/2015-09-29/lost-hajj-stampede-was-pioneering-journalist-who-united-christians-and-muslims|title=Lost in the Hajj stampede was a pioneering journalist who united Christians and Muslims|work=Public Radio International|date=September 29, 2015}}</ref> <ref name="dailyindependentnig">{{Cite web|url=http://dailyindependentnig.com/2015/09/female-editor-bilikisu-el-miskeen-4-others-die-in-hajj-stampede/|title=Female Editor, Bilikisu; El-Miskeen, 4 Others Die In Hajj Stampede|work=Dailyindependentnig.com}}</ref> == Nke onwe == [[Usòrò:Ahmadu_bello_university_senate.jpg|áká_èkpè|thumb|200x200px| Yusuf gara Mahadum Ahmadu Bello ma hiwe nzukọ ahụ ụmụ nwanyị nọ na Naịjirịa n'ebe ahụ na mbido afọ 1980.]] A mụrụ Bilkisu Yusuf n'ụbọchị nke 2 n'ọnwa Disemba, n'afọ 1952. <ref name="nationalassignment">{{Cite web|url=http://www.dailytrust.com.ng/news/general/bilkisu-died-on-national-assignment-husband/112511.html|title=Bilkisu died on national assignment – Husband}}</ref> Ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ praịmarị ya n'ụlọ akwụkwọ Ansar Primary,nke [[Kano]] n'afọ 1964, were gaa ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị na Government Girls College, nke Dala,dị na Kano. <ref name="toogoodtobetrue">{{Cite web|url=http://thenationonlineng.net/hajiya-bilkisu-she-was-too-good-and-true/|title=Hajiya Bilkisu: She was too good and true}}</ref> Akwụkwọ mahadum nke Yusuf gụrụ bụ na sayensị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na nta akụkọ. Ọ nwetara nzere bachelọ na sayensị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na Mahadum nke Ahmadu Bello na Zaria, dị na Naijiria; ogo mmụta masta na sayensị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na mmekọrịta mba ụwa na Mahadum nke Wisconsin – Madison na Madison, dị na [[Wiskonsin|Wisconsin]], n'Amerịka; na ogo mmụta dị elu na nta akụkọ site na International Journalism School na Moscow State Institute of International Relations na Moscow, dị na Rọshịa, n'afọ 1986. <ref name="toogoodtobetrue" /> <ref name="wisemuslimwomen">{{Cite web|url=http://www.wisemuslimwomen.org/muslimwomen/bio/hajiya_bilkisu/|title=Bilkisu Yusuf|work=wisemuslimwomen.org|accessdate=2020-11-06|archivedate=2013-04-06|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130406061541/http://www.wisemuslimwomen.org/muslimwomen/bio/hajiya_bilkisu}}</ref> Ọ lụrụ Alhaji Sanusi Ciroma Yusuf, onye mechara bụrụ onye isi ikpe obodo. <ref name="dailytrustobit">{{Cite web|url=http://www.dailytrust.com.ng/news/opinion/obituary-hajiya-bilkisu-mni-1952-2015/114026.html|title=Obituary: Hajiya Bilkisu, mni (1952-2015)}}</ref> Di na nwunye ahụ nwere ụmụ abụọ, nwa nwoke Moshood Sanusi Yusuf na nwa nwanyị Nana Fatima. <ref name="nationalassignment"/> <ref name="toogoodtobetrue" /> Ha mechara gbaa alụkwaghịm. Di ya nke mbụ nwụrụ mgbe ọ dị afọ 73. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://libertyradiokaduna.wordpress.com/2012/04/16/kano-emirate-kingmaker-madaki-passes-on-at-73/|title=Kano Emirate Kingmaker, Madaki Passes On At 73.}}</ref> Ọ lụrụ di ya nke abụọ, bụ Mustapha Bintube. E nyere Hajiya Bilkisu Yusuf aha nsọpụrụ bụ Hajiya mgbe e mechara njem uka na Mecca (Haji bụ ụdị nwoke). Ọ nwụrụ mgbe ọ na-eje ozi dịka onye ndu ụmụ nwanyị n'aha National Hajj Commission nke Naijiria. <ref name="nationalassignment"/> == Ọrụ == Bilkisu Yusuf bụ onye nta akụkọ nke akwụkwọ akụkọ ''Daily Trust'' na ''Leadership'' n'Abuja,nke Naijiria. <ref name="berkleycenter">{{Cite web|url=http://berkleycenter.georgetown.edu/people/hajiya-bilkisu-yusuf|title=Hajiya Bilkisu Yusuf}}</ref> Mgbe o si Mahadum nke Wisconsin-Madison lọghachi, ọ ghọrọ onye nwanyị mbụ ị bụ editọ na ''Sunday Triumph'',na Kano, site n'afọ 1983 ruo n'afọ1987. <ref name="dailytrustobit"/> <ref name="freemedia">{{Cite web|url=http://www.freemedia.at/newssview/article/ipi-mourns-former-board-member-hajiya-bilkisu-yusuf.html|title=International Press Institute: IPI mourns former board member Hajiya Bilkisu Yusuf|accessdate=2020-11-06|archivedate=2015-10-08|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151008115100/http://www.freemedia.at/newssview/article/ipi-mourns-former-board-member-hajiya-bilkisu-yusuf.html}}</ref> O ji ọkwa onye nhazi na ''New Nigerian'', na Kaduna, n'afọ 1987 na ''Citizen Magazine'', na Kaduna, n'afọ 1990. A ma ya ama maka kọlụm ya bụ "Civil Society Watch". <ref name="dailytrust">{{Cite web|url=http://www.dailytrust.com.ng/news/columns/late-bilkisu-yusuf-mni-a-tribute/112568.html|title=Late Bilkisu Yusuf}}</ref> Ọ rụsiri ọrụ ike na The Nigeria Association of Women Journalists (NAWOJ), nke zụrụ ụmụ agbọghọ na-ede akwụkwọ nta akụkọ na Naijiria . <ref name="thetrentonline">{{Cite web|url=http://www.thetrentonline.com/nawoj-mourns-bilkisu-yusuf-who-died-in-tragic-mecca-stampede/|title=NAWOJ Mourns Bilkisu Yusuf Who Died In Tragic Mecca Stampede}}</ref> Yusuf bụbu onye ndụmọdụ onye isi ala Naịjirịa n'ihe gbasara mba ofesi. <ref name="wisemuslimwomen"/> Ọ bụbukwa onye a ma ama na-ịkwado ụmụ nwanyị. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.pri.org/stories/2015-09-29/lost-hajj-stampede-was-pioneering-journalist-who-united-christians-and-muslims|title=Lost in the Hajj stampede was a pioneering journalist who united Christians and Muslims|work=Public Radio International}}</ref> O guzobere ọtụtụ NGO, dị ka Women In Nigeria (WIN), nke bụ otu n'ime nzukọ izizi na-akwado ụmụ nwanyị na Naijiria, <ref name="uncova">{{Cite web|url=http://uncova.com/my-tribute-to-bilkisu-yusuf|title=My tribute to Bilkisu Yusuf|work=Uncova.com|accessdate=2020-11-06|archivedate=2017-04-24|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170424003655/http://uncova.com/my-tribute-to-bilkisu-yusuf}}</ref> <ref name="newsdiaryonline">{{Cite web|url=http://newsdiaryonline.com/bilkisu-yusuf-legacies-of-a-history-of-winningby-jibrin-ibrahim/|title=Investigations of mega looting must continue, but must be lawful|work=Newsdiaryonline.com|accessdate=2020-11-06|archivedate=2015-09-26|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150926111536/http://newsdiaryonline.com/bilkisu-yusuf-legacies-of-a-history-of-winningby-jibrin-ibrahim/}}</ref> Federation of Muslim Women Associations in Nigeria (FOMWAN), <ref name="dailypost">{{Cite web|url=http://dailypost.ng/2015/09/26/mecca-stampede-fomwan-mourns-norths-first-female-editor-bilkisu-yusuf/|title=Mecca stampede: FOMWAN mourns North's first female editor, Bilkisu Yusuf – DailyPost Nigeria|work=DailyPost Nigeria}}</ref> the Nigerian Interfaith Action Association Against Malaria (NIFAAM), <ref name="berkleycenter" /> na Health Reform Foundation of Nigeria (HERFON), Ọ bụ onye isi oche nke Advocacy Nigeria. <ref name="dailyindependentnig" /> O nọ na-arụ ọrụ na ' Bring Back Our Girls', nke e mere iji dulata ụmụ agbọghọ Chibok. [[Usòrò:Saudi Arabia location map.svg|thumb]] == Ọnwụ == Ihe ị zọgbu mmadụ mere n'ebe nkwụsị dị na Mina, Saudi Arabia n'ụbọchịnke 24 n'ọnwa Septemba, n'afọ 2015, n'ihe dị ka elekere 9 nke ụtụtụ. Ìgwè mmadụ ahụ si Muzdalifah na-aga Jaramat, ebe ndị njem uka na-atụ okwute na ogidi iji gosipụta ị tụ ekwensu okwute n'oge Hajj. <ref name="nytimes">{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2015/09/24/world/middleeast/mecca-mina-stampede-hajj-maps.html?_r=0|title=How the Hajj Stampede Unfolded|work=[[The New York Times]]|date=September 25, 2015}}</ref> Ha ga-esi ebe ahụ gawa nnukwu ụlọ alakụba dị na Mecca. A zọgburu ihe karịrị ndị njem ụka mmadụ 2,000 n’oge nzọgbụ ahụ, ọ fọrọ obere ka ọ bụrụ narị abụọ n’ime ha bụ ndị amaala Naijiria. <ref name="reutersdeathtoll">{{Cite news|title=Death toll in Saudi haj disaster at least 2,070: Reuters tally|author=Kasolowsky|work=Reuters|date=October 29, 2015|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/2015/10/29/us-saudi-haj-idUSKCN0SN2F020151029|archive-date=November 17, 2015|access-date=November 6, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151117033446/http://www.reuters.com/article/2015/10/29/us-saudi-haj-idUSKCN0SN2F020151029|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref name="wpdeathtoll">{{Cite web|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/middle_east/saudi-arabia-hajj-disaster-death-toll-at-least-2177/2015/10/19/8dce4826-76dc-11e5-a5e2-40d6b2ad18dd_story.html|title=Saudi Arabia hajj disaster death toll at least 2,177|author=Jon Gambrell - AP|date=19 October 2015|work=Washington Post|access-date=6 November 2020|archive-date=21 October 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151021121440/https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/middle_east/saudi-arabia-hajj-disaster-death-toll-at-least-2177/2015/10/19/8dce4826-76dc-11e5-a5e2-40d6b2ad18dd_story.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> Bilkisu Yusuf bụ onye a mara n’ime ndị ahụ nwụrụ. <ref name="thisdaylive">{{Cite web|url=http://www.thisdaylive.com/articles/saudi-tragedy-hajj-commission-identifies-30-dead-nigerians/221209/|title=Saudi Tragedy: Hajj Commission Identifies 30 Dead Nigerians|work=Thisdaylive.com|date=September 26, 2015|accessdate=November 6, 2020|archivedate=October 16, 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151016161748/http://www.thisdaylive.com/articles/saudi-tragedy-hajj-commission-identifies-30-dead-nigerians/221209/}}</ref> Ndị ọzọ a ma ama na Naịjirịa gụnyere Prọfesọ Tijjani El-Miskin. <ref name="president">{{Cite web|url=http://datelinenews.com.ng/buhari-laments-death-of-bilkisu-yusufother-pilgrims/|title=Buhari laments death of Bilkisu Yusuf,other pilgrims|work=Dateline News – Nigeria Online News – Nigeria Breaking News|accessdate=2020-11-06|archivedate=2016-03-04|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304090333/http://datelinenews.com.ng/buhari-laments-death-of-bilkisu-yusufother-pilgrims/}}</ref> == Ihe gbara ya gburugburu == [[Usòrò:The_way_to_Jamarat_Bridge_3.JPG|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|250x250px| Ndị njem ala nsọ si Hajj na Mina na-aga Jamarat Bridge n'okporo ụzọ akara.]] Saudi Arabia bụ mba Middle East nwere ọnụọgụgụ 27,752,316. <ref name="ciaworldfactbook">{{Cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/sa.html|title=The World Factbook|accessdate=2020-11-06|archivedate=2020-12-29|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20201229213833/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/sa.html}}</ref> Ọ bụ ụlọ nye ụlọ alakụba abụọ nke kachasị nsọ na okpukpe Alakụba. Otu n'ime ndị a bụ Masjid al-Haram na Mecca, nke bụ ebe njem a. Nke ozo bụ Masjid an-Nabawi nke Medina, ebe olili ozu nke onye [[Muhammad|amụma Muhammad]] . Njem a a na-aga Mecca bụ ogidi nke ise nke Alakụba ma dịka nkwenkwe ya si dị, e kwesịrị i me y opekata mpe otu ugboro na ndụ ndị Alakụba ọ bụla. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.meccapilgrimage.com/|title=Mecca Pilgrimage|accessdate=2020-11-06|archivedate=2020-08-08|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200808123935/http://www.meccapilgrimage.com/}}</ref> Ọtụtụ puku mmadụ na-eme njem uka a kwa afọ site na gburugburu ụwa. Nigeria bụ obodo nọ na ọdịda anyanwụ nke Afrịka. Obodo a nwere njikọ chiri anya nke nna ochie, nke na-akpata ịkpa oke megide ụmụ nwanyị. Ha nwekwara nsogbu ị da ogbenye na ọgwụ ọjọọ. <ref name="ciaworldfactbook"/> Ndị Boko Haram n’afọ 2014 tọọrọ ụmụakwụkwọ nke Chibok dị narị abụọ na iri na itoolu, nke mere ka mba ụwa nile gbaa mbọ ịzọpụta ụmụagbọghọ a. Kaosinadị, a chọtara ihe dịka 100 site n ’Eprel ruo na Mee nke afọ 2017. <ref name="Time">{{Cite web|url=http://time.com/3833024/chibok-boko-haram/|title=Chibok: Inside the Search for the School Girls Abducted by Boko Haram}}</ref> == Omume == Ụlọ ọrụ nke [[Muhammadu Buhari|onye isi ala Naịjirịa bụ Muhammadu Buhari]] wepụtara nkwupụta a na-eso nzọgbu ahụ: "Onye isi ala Buhari na-esoro Guild of Editors nke Naijiria na Nigerian Union of Journalists n'ọnwụ dị mwute nke Hajiya Bilkisu, onye kwesịrị nṅomi, onye raara onwe ya nye, onye maara ihe, e nweere ntụkwasị obi, onye a kwanyeere ugwu nke ukwuu, onye editọ na onye ode akwukwo puru iche, agbanyeghị onwu, bu onye ga-abu ihe nlere anya nke ndi oru nta akuko, n'ime na ezi na Naijiria. <ref name="dailyindependentnig" /> <ref name="president" /> Jibrin Ibrahim, onye ntụzi aka na Centre for Democracy and Development kọwara Yusuf dị ka "nnukwu mmadụ, onye nkwado, onye nta akụkọ, onye mgbasa ozi na ọkachasị nwee ntụkwasị n'Alakụba, onye nwụrụ mgbe ọ na-efe Chineke." <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://realnewsmagazine.net/passage/exit-of-journalism-icon-bilkisu-yusuf/|title=Exit of Journalism Icon, Bilkisu Yusuf|author=|work=Realnews Magazine}}</ref> Dọkịnta [[Obiageli Ezekwesili|Oby Ezekwesili]], onye isi otu ‘ Bring Back Our Girls’ ma bụrụkwa onye minista na-ahụ maka agụmakwụkwọ na Naịjirịa n’oge gara aga kwuru sị, “Bilkisu lụrụ ọgụ n’oge ndụ ya niile maka agụmakwụkwọ ụmụaka. Ọ naghị agbanwe agbanwe na nkwado ya. Ike agwụghị ya ruo mgbe ọ nwụrụ. Anyi na-eto ihe ezigbo nwanne anyi nwanyi mere. Obi dị anyị ụtọ ị nabata ya dịka akụkụ nke ezinụlọ anyị. " <ref name="bbog">{{Cite web|url=http://leadership.ng/chibokgirls/464035/bbog-group-mourns-hajiya-bilkisu-yusuf|title=Archived copy|accessdate=2020-11-06|archivedate=2015-11-03|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151103013014/http://www.leadership.ng/chibokgirls/464035/bbog-group-mourns-hajiya-bilkisu-yusuf}}</ref> <ref name="realnewsmagazine">{{Cite web|url=http://realnewsmagazine.net/passage/exit-of-journalism-icon-bilkisu-yusuf/|title=Exit of Journalism Icon, Bilkisu Yusuf}}</ref> Aliyu Muktar, onye bụbu onye editọ nke akwụkwọ akụkọ Triumph onye ya na Yusuf rụkọtara ọrụ kwuru, "Ọ bụụrụ m onye nlereanya, ezigbo nwanyị ji ọrụ aka, nke ọma na enweghị ntụpọ. Ị mara, ọ kara obi, na-ekwu eziokwu ma na-alụ ọgụ mgbe niile maka ndị e wedara n'ala. Ị makwazi ihe ndi ọ rụrụ n'oge gra aga; Hajiya bụ onye na-agaghị anabata ikpe na-ezighị ezi ebe ọbụla. <ref name="realnewsmagazine" /> == Ngosiputa na omenaala == Bilkisu Yusuf bụ otu n’ime ndị odeakụkọ iri abụọ na abụọ a gbara ajụjụ ọnụ maka akwụkwọ encyclopedic ''Nigerian Journalism'' nke Mike Awoyinfa na Dimgba Igwe dere. <ref name="toogoodtobetrue" /> == Hụkwa == * [[Ndi Haụsa|Ndi Hausa]] * Ihe mere n’oge Hajj * Ụmụ nwanyị nọ na Nigeria == Ebe m si dee == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Ụmụ nwanyị Naijiria]] [[Òtù:Ụmụ nwanyị Naijiria na-eme nta akụkọ]] [[Òtù:Ụmụ nwanyị nọ na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị]] 49lkv9sqbcps2b89igr8jq3177i5t7d 0 9940 727561 189342 2026-09-24T08:36:29Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727561 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Comfort Iyabo Amah Momoh''', MBE {{Audio|Yo-Comfort Iyabo Amah Momoh.ogg|Audio}} (a mụrụ n'afọ 1962) bu onye na-enyere ndị dị ime aka ị mụpụta nwa nke bu onye okachamara na ọgwọgwọ nke ndi [[Ibe nwaanyị ugwu|nwanyi]] e bere ugwu. A mụrụ ya na Naijiria,ma Momoh bụ onye otu ndi Britain FGM national clinical group,e guzobere n'afọ 2007 iji zụọ ndi okachamara banyere otu esi a rụ ọrụ ahụ. <ref>[http://www.fgmnationalgroup.org/our_team.htm "Our Team"], FGM National Clinical Group.</ref> Ruo afọ 2017, ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka ọkachamara ahụike ọha na eze na Guy and St Thomas 'NHS Foundation Trust na Lọndọn. <ref name="BBC5Sept2017">[https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-41159096 "Questions raised about prominent FGM campaigner"], BBC News, 5 September 2017.</ref> Ọ bụ onye nchịkọta akụkọ nke ''Female Genital Mutilation'' (2005). == Mmalite ndụ ya na mmuta == A mụrụ Momoh na Legos,na Naijiria,n'ezinụlọ ndị Naijiria na Gana. <ref name="Standard6March2013">[https://www.standard.co.uk/lifestyle/london-life/girls-born-here-can-say-no-to-being-cut-so-families-are-doing-it-to-them-as-babies-8526037.html "‘Girls born here can say no to being cut — so families are doing it to them as babies’"], ''London Evening Standard'', 6 March 2013.</ref> <ref>Miriam Dalli, [http://www.maltatoday.com.mt/news/national/3176/maltese-doctors-facing-up-to-reality-of-female-circumcision-in-pregnant-refugees "Maltese doctors facing up to reality of female circumcision in pregnant refugees"], ''Malta Today'', 28 July 2010.</ref> Nne nne ya nwụrụ ụbọchị ole na ole tupu ọmụmụ Momoh, ọ kachasị bụrụ nne nna ya zụlitere ya. <ref name="Nightingale">[https://web.archive.org/web/20180508184841/http://florence-nightingale-foundation.org.uk/uploads/Alumni_Magazine_V2_-_PDF_(Small).pdf "Influencing Practice Locally, Nationally and Internationally"], Florence Nightingale Foundation Alumni Association Magazine, 2, Autumn/Winter 2015, p.&nbsp;6.</ref> N'afọ 1981, ọ kwagara UK maka ọ zụzụ ị bụ nọọsụ na [[:en:North_Middlesex_Hospital|North Middlesex Hospital]]. Ọ bụ na Middlesex ka ọ malitere ị mụ banyere FGM, nke ndị agbụrụ ya anaghị eme na Naijiria. <ref name="Standard6March2013"/> N'afọ 2002,o nwetara nzere bachelọ na nlekọta ahụike ụmụ nwanyị site na Florence Nightingale School of Nursing and Midwifery,nke King's College dị na Lọndọn . <ref name="Kingsbio2014">[https://alumni.kcl.ac.uk/comfort-momoh "Comfort Momoh: a carer and campaigner"], King's College London, December 2014.</ref> Ọ natara agụmakwụkwọ n'efu nke Florence Nightingale Foundation n'afọ 2007 i ji mee nnyocha banyere ibi nwanyi ugwu n'Afrịka, <ref name="lecture">{{Cite web|url=http://www.thewomens.org.au/ComfortMomohLectureSeries|title=Comfort Momoh lecture series|accessdate=2020-11-11|archivedate=2011-03-10|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110310051217/http://www.thewomens.org.au/ComfortMomohLectureSeries}}</ref> yana n’afọ 2015 otu ahụ nyere ya njem mmụta n'efu i ji gaa Amerịka i ji mụọ ụzọ ha si e so i bi nwanyi ugwu. <ref name="Nightingale"/> == Ọrụ == N’afọ 1997, Momoh guzobere ụlọọgwụ African Well Women Clinic na St Thomas’s Hospital, nke ewepụtara maka ilekọta ụmụ nwanyị i bi ugwu metụtara. <ref name="Kingsbio2014"/> <ref>[http://www.guysandstthomas.nhs.uk/news-and-events/2014-news/20140710-Top-women-named-as-health-inspirations.aspx "Top women named as health inspirations"], Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, 10 July 2014.</ref> N'ime afọ 2013, ụlọọgwụ ahụ na-eleta ihe dị ka ụmụ nwanyị 300 kwa afọ ma na-arụ ọrụ defibuleshọn abụọ kwa izu ụka, nke gụnyere ịmepe ikpu e mechiri n'ihi i be ugwu nke [[Ibe nwaanyị ugwu|Type III]] . <ref>{{Cite web|author=Jess Frampton|url=http://www.unwomenuk.org/from-taboo-to-talking-point-%E2%80%93-an-eye-opening-insight-into-female-genital-mutilation/|title=From taboo to talking point – an eye-opening insight into Female Genital Mutilation|publisher=UN Women|date=18 June 2013|accessdate=11 November 2020|archivedate=27 October 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141027031004/http://www.unwomenuk.org/from-taboo-to-talking-point-%E2%80%93-an-eye-opening-insight-into-female-genital-mutilation/}}</ref> Momoh rụtụrụ ọrụ dịka onye ndụmọdụ na World Health Organisation n'afọ 1999 were nọchite anya UK na United Nations Commission on the Status of Women n'afọ 2001. <ref name="lecture" /> Site n'afọ 2007, ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka ọkachamara n'ahụike ọha na eze na Guy's and St Thomas 'NHS Foundation Trust, tupu ị la ezumike nká n'afọ 2017. <ref name="BBC5Sept2017"/> <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://guysstthomashospital.newsweaver.co.uk/Connect/1mzdxakrkk2|title=Female genital mutilation (FGM) clinic at Guy's and St Thomas'|publisher=Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust|date=March 2015}}</ref> Momoh nwekwazị Global Comfort Ltd., ụlọ ọrụ ndụmọdụ. <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20220221182410/https://glocomfort.com/about-us/ "About us"], Global Comfort.</ref> A gụnyere ya na ndepụta nke ''London Evening Standard'' nke afọ 2014 nke mmadụ1000 kasị nwee mmetụta na Lọndọn. <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20141021205438/http://www.standard.co.uk/staticpage/the1000/ "London's stars are a global force for good"], ''London Evening Standard''. Archived 21 October 2014.</ref> == Nrite == Na [[:en:2008_New_Year_Honours|2008 New Year Honours]], a họpụtara Momoh ka ọ bụrụ <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Member_of_the_Order_of_the_British_Empire" rel="mw:ExtLink" title="Member of the Order of the British Empire" class="mw-redirect cx-link" data-linkid="83">Member of the Order of the British Empire</a> (MBE) maka ọrụ nlekọta ahụike ụmụ nwanyị. <ref name="Dixon31Dec2007">Suzi Dixon, [https://web.archive.org/web/20111219104327/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/health/men_shealth/3352713/Health-and-beauty-New-Year-Honours.html "Health and beauty: New Year Honours"], ''The Daily Telegraph'', 31 December 2007.</ref> E nyere ya nzere dọktọreti na Mahadum nke Middlesex n'afọ 2008. N’afọ 2011, o ritere ihe nrite ‘Gathering of Africa’s Best (GAB). <ref>[http://trumpetmediagroup.com/the-trumpet/health/gab-awards-winning-midwife-honoured-for-fgm-work/ "GAB-Awards-winning midwife honoured for FGM work"], Trumpet Media Group, 27 July 2016.</ref> King's College London họpụtara ya dị ka 2015 Alumna of the Year , <ref>[https://alumni.kcl.ac.uk/news-features/alumna-of-the-year-2015 "Dr Comfort Momoh, King’s Alumna of the Year 2015"], King's College London, December 2015.</ref> ma n'afọ 2016, e nyere ya mkpakọrịta site na Royal College of Midwives . <ref name="RCM">[https://web.archive.org/web/20220221182406/https://www.rcm.org.uk/news-views-and-analysis/news/london-midwife-receives-national-midwifery-honour-for-fgm-work "London midwife receives national midwifery honour for FGM work"], Royal College of Midwives, 27 July 2016.</ref> == Mkpesa afọ 2017 == Na Septemba afọ 2017, BBC ''Newsnight'' welitere ajụjụ gbasara nnyocha o pekata mpe ụmụaka ise site n'aka Momoh. Ihe omume a nyochara ibu ndi isi ochichi Briten nyere banyere i nyocha umuaka nwanyị maka ibi nwanyi ugwu na ebubo n'ule a mere ka obi ghara iru umuaka a ala n'ihi na-ebibeghi ha ugwu. Ezinaụlọ dị iche iche na-atụ ụjọ na a ga-ebo ha ebubo ma kewaa. Kemgbe afọ 2012, Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health chọrọ ka ndị dibia bekee na-enyocha ụmụaka e metọrọ bụrụ ndị ọpụrụiche. ''Newsnight'' kwuru na Momoh kọwara onwe ya ka "Dọkịnta", agbanyeghị na dọktọreti ya bụ nke onyinye nsọpụrụ, na n'oge ikpe ụlọ ikpe n'afọ 2014, onye ọka ikpe, James Munby, katọrọ ihe akaebe ya dị ka ihe apụghị ịtụkwasị obi. <ref name="BBC5Sept2017"/> <ref name="Newsnight5Sept2017">[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1eGGneWL6j4 "'I knew my children hadn't had FGM'"], BBC ''Newsnight'', 5 September 2017.</ref> Momoh zara na o nweghị ihe ọjọọ o mere na o nweghi ihe ọ bụla ọ na-ezo. Nimco Ali, onye na-emegide FGM, gwara ''Times'', "Comfort a rụọla ọrụ i ji kwụsị i bi ugwu ihe karịrị afọ 30 ma mee ka ndụ ọtụtụ ụmụ nwanyị na ụmụaka nwanyị baa ọgaranya. Mgbalị iji gbuo atụmatụ ụdịrị nwanyị dị otu a bụ ihe ihere. ” <ref name="Bannerman6Sept2017">Lucy Bannerman, [https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/fgm-campaigner-comfort-momoh-hits-back-at-attack-on-her-qualifications-9jdv5wffv "FGM campaigner Comfort Momoh hits back at attack on her qualifications"], ''The Times'', 6 September 2017.</ref> == Ọrụ ahọpụtara == {{refbegin|25em}} *(2004). Comfort Momoh. "Female genital mutilation", ''Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol''. 2004 Dec;16(6):477-80. {{PMID|15534443}} *(2005). Comfort Momoh (ed.) ''Female Genital Mutilation'', Oxford: Radcliffe Publishing, 2005. *(2010). Comfort Momoh. "Female genital mutilation: a global and local concern", ''Pract Midwife''. 2010 Apr;13(4):12-4. {{PMID|20476610}} *(2010). Comfort Momoh. "A day in the life of&nbsp;... a female genital mutilation/public health specialist", ''Midwives''. 2010 Aug:50. {{PMID|24888058}} *(2010). Susan Bewley, Sarah Creighton, and Comfort Momoh. [http://www.bmj.com/content/340/bmj.c2728 "Female genital mutilation"], ''BMJ''. 2010 Jun 2;340:c2728. {{doi|10.1136/bmj.c2728}}. {{PMID|20519272}} *(2014). Katherine A. Zakhour and Comfort Momoh. "Female genital mutilation", in Maureen Dalton (ed.). ''Forensic Gynaecology''. Cambridge University Press, 142–147. *(2016). Maria Luisa Amasanti, Mendinaro Imcha, and Comfort Momoh. [http://journals.plos.org/plosmedicine/article?id=10.1371/journal.pmed.1001982 "Compassionate and Proactive Interventions by Health Workers in the United Kingdom: A Better Approach to Prevent and Respond to Female Genital Mutilation?"], ''PLOS Medicine'', 13(3), 22 March, e1001982. {{doi|10.1371/journal.pmed.1001982}} {{pmc|4803291}} *(2016). Comfort Momoh, Olamide Olufade, and Patrice Redman-Pinard. "What nurses need to know about female genital mutilation", ''British Journal of Nursing'', May 12–25;25(9):S30-4. {{doi|10.12968/bjon.2016.25.9.S30}} {{PMID|27172505}} {{refend}} == Nrụtụaka == {{Reflist}} == Ọgụgụ ọzọ == * [http://www.bbc.co.uk/radio4/womanshour/02/2006_43_thu.shtml "One woman’s fight against female circumcision"], ''[[:en:Woman's_Hour|Woman's Hour]]'', BBC Radio 4, 26 October 2006, interview. * {{Cite news|last=Rix|first=Juliet|url=https://www.theguardian.com/society/2005/nov/09/genderissues|title=Comfort Momoh|work=The Guardian|date=9 November 2005}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Ụmụ nwanyị Naijiria]] [[Òtù:Ụmụ nwanyị Naijiria nọ n'ọrụ ahụike]] [[Òtù:Ụmụ nwanyị Naijiria na-emegide ị bi nwanyị ugwu]] gcwu47c7dh75at21ibnjloos25z79ti 0 10046 727452 720380 2026-09-24T00:40:22Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727452 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar''' (14 Eprel 1891 - 6 Disemba 1956), nke akpọkwara '''Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar ''', bụ onye ọka iwu India, onye ọka iwu, onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na onye na-eme mgbanwe mmekọrịta ọha na eze. O kpaliri òtù ndị Buddhist Dalit ma gbasaa mgbasa ozi megide ịkpa ókè ọha na eze na ndị a na-apụghị ịchọta (Dalits). Ọ kwadokwara ikike ụmụ nwanyị na ndị ọrụ. Ọ bụ onye India nke mbụ Iwu na ikpe ziri ezi, onye na-atụ anya iwu nke India, na nna ntọala nke Republic of India.<ref>[https://c250.columbia.edu/c250_celebrates/remarkable_columbians/bhimrao_ambedkar.html Bhimrao Ambedkar]</ref><ref>[https://indianexpress.com/article/parenting/learning/ambedkar-jayanti-2019-facts-babasaheb-for-kids-5672744/ Ambedkar Jayanti 2019: Facts on Babasaheb to share with kids | Parenting News,The Indian Express]</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.bloombergquint.com/opinion/in-india-dalits-show-power-of-building-statues |title=How India’s Most Downtrodden Embraced the Power of Statues |accessdate=2020-11-16 |archivedate=2020-10-26 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20201026043029/https://www.bloombergquint.com/opinion/in-india-dalits-show-power-of-building-statues }}</ref><ref>[https://www.britannica.com/biography/Bhimrao-Ramji-Ambedkar Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar | Biography, Books, & Facts | Britannica]</ref><ref>[https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/all-you-need-to-know-about-br-ambedkar-on-his-129th-birth-anniversary-2211747 All You Need To Know About BR Ambedkar On His 129th Birth Anniversary]</ref><ref>{{Cite book |title=Princeton Dictionary of Buddhism |url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780691157863 |date=2013 |publisher=Princeton University Press |isbn=9780691157863 |editor-last=Buswell |editor-first=Robert Jr |editor=Robert Buswell Jr. |location=Princeton, NJ |page=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780691157863/page/34 34] |ref=harv |editor-last2=Lopez |editor-first2=Donald S. Jr. |editor=Donald S. Lopez, Jr.}}</ref> Na 1956, ọ malitere ntụgharị nke Dalits, gbanwee ndị Buddha na ndị 600,000. Ọ tụgharịrị okpukpe Buddha na India. A na-ahụ Ambedkar dịka bodhisattva, na Maitreya, n'etiti ndị Buddhist Navayana.<ref>https://theprint.in/opinion/why-ambedkar-chose-buddhism-over-hinduism-islam-christianity/237599/</ref><ref>https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/buddha-purnima-special-why-ambedkar-coverted-to-buddhism-6397742/</ref><ref>https://www.thequint.com/news/india/br-ambedkar-conversion-to-buddhism</ref><ref>{{cite book|author=Christopher Queen|editor=Steven M. Emmanuel|title=A Companion to Buddhist Philosophy|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=P_lmCgAAQBAJ |year=2015|publisher=John Wiley & Sons|isbn=978-1-119-14466-3|pages=529–531}}</ref> Na 1990, enyere Ambedkar onyinye Bharat Ratna, ihe nrite kacha elu nke ndi India. Ihe Ambedkar mere gunyere otutu ihe ncheta na ihe osise na omenaala ama ama. Ihe Ambedkar nyere dị ka onye ndozigharị mmekọrịta ọha na eze, nwere mmetụta miri emi na India nke oge a.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Joshi |first=Barbara R. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=y9CUItMT1zQC&pg=PA13 |title=Untouchable!: Voices of the Dalit Liberation Movement |publisher=Zed Books |year=1986 |isbn=9780862324605 |pages=11–14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160729072018/https://books.google.com/books?id=y9CUItMT1zQC&pg=PA13 |archive-date=29 July 2016 |url-status=live |df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Keer |first=D. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=B-2d6jzRmBQC&pg=PA61 |title=Dr. Ambedkar: Life and Mission |publisher=Popular Prakashan |year=1990 |isbn=9788171542376 |page=61 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160730015400/https://books.google.com/books?id=B-2d6jzRmBQC&pg=PA61 |archive-date=30 July 2016 |url-status=live |df=dmy-all}}</ref> A họpụtara Ambedkar "Onye Ukwuu Indian" (The greatest Indian) na 2012 site na nghoputa nke History TV18 na CNN IBN haziri.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.outlookindia.com/magazine/story/a-measure-of-the-man/281949 |title=Archive copy |access-date=2020-11-16 |archive-date=2016-03-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160314100039/https://www.outlookindia.com/magazine/story/a-measure-of-the-man/281949 |url-status=dead}}</ref> Ambedkar Jayanti (ncheta ọmụmụ Ambedkar) bụ emume a na-eme kwa afọ n’abalị iri na anọ nke Eprel, nke a na-eme ọ bụghị naanị na India kamakwa n’ụwa niile. Ambedkar Jayanti na-eme ememe dị ka ezumike ọha na eze na India dum.<ref>http://ccis.nic.in/WriteReadData/CircularPortal/D2/D02est/12_6_2015_JCA-2-19032015.pdf {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150405042913/http://ccis.nic.in/WriteReadData/CircularPortal/D2/D02est/12_6_2015_JCA-2-19032015.pdf |date=5 April 2015 }} Ambedkar Jayanti from ccis.nic.in on 19 March 2015</ref><ref>http://persmin.gov.in/ Webpage of Ministry of Personnel and Public Grievance & Pension</ref><ref>[http://mea.gov.in/ambedkar-final/mcelebration.htm 125th Dr. Ambedkar Birthday Celebrations Around the World.] mea.gov.in</ref> [[United Nations]] mere emume Ambedkar Jayanti na 2016, 2017 na 2018.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.firstpost.com/world/ambedkar-jayanti-celebrated-for-the-first-time-outside-india-as-un-organises-special-event-2730772.html|title=Ambedkar Jayanti celebrated for the first time outside India as UN organises special event - Firstpost|website=firstpost.com|access-date=2018-11-09}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.newindianexpress.com/world/2018/apr/14/un-celebrates-ambedkars-legacy-fighting-inequality-inspiring-inclusion-1801468.html|title=UN celebrates Ambedkar's legacy 'fighting inequality, inspiring inclusion'|work=The New Indian Express|access-date=2018-11-09}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.newsstate.com/world-news/babasaheb-ambedkar-jayanti-celebrated-in-united-nations-article-52584.html|title=संयुक्त राष्ट्र में मनाई गई डॉ. बाबासाहेब भीमराव आंबेडकर जयंती - News State|work=newsstate.com|access-date=2018-11-09|language=en|archive-date=2019-04-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190419065326/https://www.newsstate.com/world-news/babasaheb-ambedkar-jayanti-celebrated-in-united-nations-article-52584.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> {{ÉdéNtạ}} [[Òtù:Ndia]] qg3ddmm1ymz2e2c456jwx8b3wn8fnvh 0 10264 727536 705843 2026-09-24T06:41:24Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727536 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Chiamaka Cynthia Nnadozie''' bụ onye '''ọgba bọọlụ Naịjirịa na-agbara''' [[:en:Paris_FC_(women)|Paris FC]] bọọlụ na ngalaba egwuregwu nke French [[:en:Division_1_Féminine|Division 1 Féminine]] league. <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.brila.net/falcons-goalkeeper-chiamaka-nnadozie-completes-fc-paris-move/ |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2020-11-28 |archivedate=2024-07-26 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240726150821/https://www.brila.net/falcons-goalkeeper-chiamaka-nnadozie-completes-fc-paris-move/ }}</ref> == Ọrụ klọb == Nnadozie binyere aka maka klọb [[:en:Rivers_Angels|Rivers Angels]] na mbido afọ 2016.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Rivers Angels set to unveil new recruits|url=https://nationaldailyng.com/rivers-angels-set-to-unveil-new-recruits/|accessdate=23 December 2018|work=National Daily NG|date=4 February 2016}}</ref> N’afọ 2019 Nnadozie rụrụ nnukwu ọrụ mere ka otu asọmpi [[:en:Rivers_Angels|Rivers Angels 2019–2020 Season]] merie NWPL n'asọmpi league ha. Na mkpụrụ ụbọchị iri abụọ na abụọ n'ọnwa nke mbụ (Jenụwarị) n'afọ 2020 o sonyere otu klọb na French aha ya bụ [[:en:Paris_FC_(women)|Paris FC]] na nkwekọrịta ọnwa nke iri na asatọ.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.brila.net/falcons-goalkeeper-chiamaka-nnadozie-completes-fc-paris-move/ |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2020-11-28 |archivedate=2024-07-26 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240726150821/https://www.brila.net/falcons-goalkeeper-chiamaka-nnadozie-completes-fc-paris-move/ }}</ref><ref> https://www.goal.com/en/amp/news/nnadozie-nigeria-goalkeeper-signs-for-paris-fc/1lgjsnygxqg361n73mwmyz2sul</ref> == Ọrụ mba ụwa == N’oge asọmpi [[:en:2018_FIFA_U-20_Women's_World_Cup|2018 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup]] Nnadozie gbara ụgbọrọ anọ.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Nigeria FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|url=https://www.fifa.com/u20womensworldcup/teams/team/1888630/|accessdate=23 December 2018|work=FIFA.com|date=July 2018|archive-date=24 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181224032823/https://www.fifa.com/u20womensworldcup/teams/team/1888630/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Mgbe a gbaara Haiti, o nwetara aha nsọpụrụ nke "Dare to Shine" maka ezigbo arụmọrụ ya.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Chiamaka Nnadozie, Nigeria's saviour|url=https://www.fifa.com/u20womensworldcup/news/chiamaka-nnadozie-nigeria-saviour-2989781|accessdate=23 December 2018|work=FIFA.com|date=9 August 2018}}</ref> N'oge na-adịghị anya mgbe asọmpi U-20 gasịrị, ahọpụtakwara ya maka asọmpi [[:en:2018_Africa_Women_Cup_of_Nations|2018 Africa Women Cup of Nations]] nke afọ 2018<ref>{{Cite news|title=Nnadozie Cherishes Invitation to Super Falcons|url=https://www.sports247.ng/nnadozie-cherishes-invitation-to-super-falcons/|accessdate=23 December 2018|work=Sports 247|date=19 October 2018}}</ref> ebe ọ nọdụrụ n'oche maka egwuregwu ise niile, na asọmpi Iko WAFU nke 2019 ọ nọ na goolu maka arụmọrụ Super Falcons dị egwu, wee nweta ọkwa dịka otu n'ime ndị nche atọ na-anọchite anya Super Falcons nke Naijiria na [[:en:2019_FIFA_Women's_World_Cup|2019 FIFA Women's World Cupin]] emere na France. Ọ bụkwa mmemme izizi Nnadozie ghọrọ onye nche bọọlụ nwere ndekọ maka enyeghị gọọlụ na egwuregwu iko mba ụwa mgbe Naịjirịa jiri gọọlụ abụọ merie Korea. Ka egwuregwu iko mba ụwa mechara, Nnadozie nyekwara ndị Falconets aka rite ọla edo na egwuruegwu mba Afrịka na Morocco mgbe o chekwara penariti atọ n'ịgba bọọlụ ha na Cameroon. == Nsọpụrụ == === Mba Ofesi === ; Naijiria * [[:en:African_Women's_Championship|African Women's Championship]] (1): [[:en:2018_Africa_Women_Cup_of_Nations|2018]] === Klọb === ; Ndị Mmụọ Ozi Osimiri * [[:en:Nigerian_Women's_Championship|Nigerian Women's Championship]] (1): 2016 * [[:en:Nigerian_Women's_Cup|Nigerian Women's Cup]] (3): 2016, 2017, 2018 === Nke otu onye === * [[:en:IFFHS|IFFHS Africa's Best Woman Goalkeeper]]: 2019 * [[:en:IFFHS|IFFHS World's Best Woman Goalkeeper]]: 2019 (nominee)<ref>https://tvcnews.tv/super-falcons-goalkeeper-chiamaka-nnadozie-named-africas-best-by-iffhs/</ref> * [[:en:African_Women's_Footballer_of_the_Year|African Women's Footballer of the Year]]: 2019 (nominee)<ref>https://www.goal.com/en-ng/news/nominees-for-all-caf-2019-awards-revealed/wldwmsltaaw91iuvzga3t3fbu/</ref> * [[:en:Nigeria_Football_Federation|NFF Awards Young Player of the Year]] : 2018 (nominee) == Ebe m si dee == {{Reflist|30em}} == Njikọ dị na mpụga == * Chiamaka Nnadozie at Soccerway {{DEFAULTSORT:Nnadozie, Chiamaka}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Category:Nwaanyị egwuregwu]] [[Òtù:Category:Nwaanyị n'agba bọọlụ]] [[Òtù:Category:Ndị amụrụ n'afọ 2000]] nhmp31avbrmhykl8tx2bh1nkbml4v82 0 10328 727541 724778 2026-09-24T06:55:36Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727541 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} {{Infobox Judge|honorific-prefix=|relations=|death_date=|death_place=|restingplace=|restingplacecoordinates=|birthname=|spouse=|partner=<!--For those with a domestic partner and not married-->|children=|birth_date={{birth date and age|df=yes|1962|09|02}}|residence=|alma_mater=[[University of Calabar]]<br />[[McGill University]]<br />[[University of Amsterdam]]|occupation=Judge|profession=|religion=|signature=|website=|birth_place=[[Anara, Nigeria|Anara]], [[Nigeria]]|successor2=|name=Chile Eboe-Osuji|nominator=|image=|imagesize=|caption=|order=4th|office=President of the International Criminal Court|term_start=11 March 2018|term_end=|appointer=[[Judges of the ICC]]|predecessor2=|predecessor=[[Silvia Fernández de Gurmendi]]|successor=|office2=[[Judges of the International Criminal Court|Judge of the International Criminal Court]]|term_start2=11 March 2012|term_end2=|nominator2=|appointer2=[[International Criminal Court#Assembly of States Parties|Assembly of States Parties]]|footnotes=}}Chile Eboe-Osuji '''Chile Eboe-Osuji''' (bu onye amụrụ na 1962) bụ onye ọka ikpe nke ụlọ ikpe mpụ nke mba uwa, nke nwere ọnọdu n' Hague bido na Machị afọr puku abụọ na-iri na abuo. Ahọpụtara ya di ka onye isi nke Ulọ ikpe ahu na ubọch iri na otu nke ọnwa Maachị afọr puku abuọ na iri-na asato, ebe ọchiri afọr atọ. <ref name="New ICC Presidency elected for 2018-2021">[https://www.icc-cpi.int/Pages/item.aspx?name=pr1367 Today, 11 March 2018, the judges of the International Criminal Court (ICC), sitting in a plenary session, elected Judge Chile Eboe-Osuji (Nigeria) as President of the Court for a three-year term with immediate effect. Judge Robert Fremr (Czech Republic) was elected First Vice-President and Judge Marc Perrin de Brichambaut (France) Second Vice-President]. ICC press release. 11 March 2018. Retrieved 12 March 2018.</ref> Ọrukwara ọrụ dika onye ndụmọdụ nke onye nchikota ihe banyere ikike ruru mmadu nke otu mba ụwa United Nations == Mmalite ndu na mmuta == Amụrụ Ọka-ikpe Eboe-Osuji Anara, Isiala Mbano, [[Ọ̀hà Ímò|na]] obodo Imo, ala [[Naijiria|Naịjirịa]] , n' ubọchi nke abua na ọnwa itolu nke afọr 1962. Onwetara akwụkwọ nzere n' ikàiwu n' ulo akwukwo mahadum [[Naijiria|Naịjirịa]] nke di na Kalabar, Onwetakwara nzere masta ọka-iwu site na Mahadum McGill Montreal, Quebec, Canada, n' ikpeazu, onwetekwuru dọkịta nke ogo iwu na [[:en:University_of_Amsterdam|mahadum nke Amsterdam]], Netherlands. == Ọrụ == A kpọrọ Eboe-Osuji na Ogwe ọka-iwu nke [[Naijiria|Naịjirịa]] na afọr 1986 oruru oru nwantitnti oge ebea. Mgbe o nwetere nzere masta ọka-iwu na McGill na afor 1991, ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye ọka iwu na Canada, ebe akpọrọ ogwe ọka-iwu nke Ontario na British Columbia na afor 1993. Bido 1997 rue 2005, Eboe-Osuji rụrụ ọrụ n' ụlọ ikpe mpu mba uwa maka obodo Rwanda dị ka onye ọka iwu na-ahụ maka ikpe na onye ọka iwu gbasara ndị ọka ikpe nke ikpe ahụ. Bido afor 2005 rue 2007, ọ rụrụ ọrụ na Canada dịka onye ọka iwu nakwa onye nkuzi iwu n' ụlọ akwụkwọ mahadum. Ọrukwara ọrụ n' ụlọ ikpe Pụrụ Iche maka Sierra Leone dị ka onye ọka iwu na-arịọchitere ikpe na 2007/08 ma laghachi na ICTR site na 2008 ruo 2010 dị ka Onye isi nke berslọ, ọ ghọrọ Onye Ndụmọdụ Ndụmọdụ nke Kọmitii Na-ahụ Maka Ihe Ndị Ruuru Mmadụ na United Nations Navi Pillay na 2010, ma nwee nkwekọrịta dịka onye ọka iwu na-ahụ maka ikpe na-ekpe ikpe na Courtlọikpe Pụrụ Iche maka Sierra Leone, n'okwu nke Charles Taylor, onye bụbu Onye isi mba [[Liberia]] . Odeela akwụkwọ abụọ na ọtụtụ akwụkwọ akụkọ iwu na iwu mba ụwa. == Ọka ikpe n' ụlọ ikpe mpụ nke mab ụwa bido 2011 ruo ugbu a == Na ụbọchi iri na isi nke onwa Disemba afor 2011, ahoputara Eboe-Osuji dika onye ikpe nke ụlọ ikpe mpụ nke mab ụwa . Onwetere ọkwa ahu site na inwe mmeri ntuli aka nke iri na ise nke otu nlekọta anya ya bu ụlọ ikpe akporo "[[:en:International_Criminal_Court#Assembly_of_States_Parties|Assembly]]" .Ọmalitere ọrụ na ubọchi iri na otu onwa Maachị afor 2012. [https://www.icc-cpi.int/ Bido] na ọnwa Septemba 2013, Eboe-Osuji sonyere ndi ọka ikpe Olga Venecia Herrera Carbuccia na Robert Fremr - duziri n' ikpe osote onye isi ala William Ruto nke [[Kenya]], bụ onye e boro ebubo na ọ na-egbu mmadụ maka uru ndọrọndọrọ ọchịchị ntuli aka mba Kenya na 2007 . <ref>Faith Karimi and Laura Smith-Spark (September 10, 2013), [http://edition.cnn.com/2013/09/10/world/africa/kenya-icc-trial/ William Ruto, Kenya's deputy leader, on trial for alleged crimes against humanity] ''[[CNN]]''.</ref> <ref>Thomas Escritt (September 17, 2013), [https://web.archive.org/web/20150924184824/http://www.reuters.com/article/2013/09/17/us-kenya-icc-testimony-idUSBRE98G0Q620130917 Witness in Kenyan deputy president trial recalls church burning] ''[[Reuters]]''.</ref> Na mbido, ọ dọrọ ndị mgbasa ozi na ndị na-ede blọgụ na Kenya aka n' nti kwuo na onye ọbula nke ga ekpughe njirimara nke onye akaebe echedoro na ikpe Ruto nwere ike inata ama ikpe nke nlelị ụlọ ikpe; na mbu, Onye isi [[Fatou Bensouda|ọkaiwu]] ICC , [[Fatou Bensouda]], mere mkpesa na ụfọdụ ndị akaebe na-atụ ụjọ na Kenya, ụfọdụ n'ime ha hapụrụ ikpe ahụ. <ref>[https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-24151392 Kenya's William Ruto trial: ICC judge warns bloggers] ''[[BBC News]]'', September 18, 2013.</ref> N'ịgbaso arịrịọ Eboe-Osuji n'onwe ya, ndị isi oche nke ICC kpebiri ịmaliteghachi ime ụlọ ikpe V (b) na ikpe megidere Uhuru Muigai Kenyatta ma were Onye oka ikpe Geoffrey Henderson dochie n' ọnọdu ya na mbido 2014. Agbanyeghị nkea, Eboe-Osuji gara nihu ibụ onye isi nchikota ikpe n’ụlọ mgbakoba ikpe V (a) nke na-aga n’ihu na-anụ ikpe megidere Ruto na onye ruburu ọrụ mgbasa ozi n' Kass FM mbụ Joshua Sang . <ref>Olive Burrows (January 30, 2014), [http://www.capitalfm.co.ke/news/2014/01/eboe-osuji-replaced-in-uhuru-icc-case/ Eboe-Osuji replaced in Uhuru ICC case] ''[[98.4 Capital FM]]''.</ref> N’ ọnwa April 2014, ụlọ ikpeya nyere akwụkwọ ịkpọ oku maka ọtụtụ ndị akaebe ndi na na-achọghịzi ịgba akaebe na ikpe ahụ. <ref>Olive Burrows (April 17, 2014), [http://allafrica.com/stories/201404180143.html Kenya: ICC Wants Kenya to Force Witnesses to Testify Against Ruto] ''[[98.4 Capital FM]]''.</ref> N'oge na-adịghị anya mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, Eboe-Osuji gbaruru ihu nye gọọmentị Kenya banyere imaku ụkpụrụ nke ọbụbụeze "n'oge ọ bụla dabaara ya, na ebumnuche pụtara ìhè nke ime ka egwu we tụo ndị ọka ikpe ". == Ihe omume ndị ọzọ == * Onye Otu nke na akpọ oku imegide nwoke ma ọbụ nwanyi (IGC), <ref>[https://genderchampions.com/champions Members] [[International Gender Champions]] (IGC).</ref> {{DEFAULTSORT:Eboe-Osuji,Chile}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] ecrapi4hukratwfwuu8alt0vhh7vini 0 10526 727413 724826 2026-09-23T14:39:05Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727413 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} {{Infobox football biography|name=Ann Chiejine|goals1=|nationalcaps1=14|nationalteam1=[[Nigeria women's national football team|Nigeria]]|nationalyears1=1991–|totalgoals=|totalcaps=|goals2=|caps2=|clubs2=|years2=|caps1=|image=|clubs1=|years1=|youthclubs1=|youthyears1=|position=[[Goalkeeper (association football)|Goalkeeper]]|height=|birth_place=Nigeria|birth_date={{birth date and age|1974|2|2|df=yes}}|fullname=|caption=|nationalgoals1=}} '''Ann Agumanu-Chiejine''' (onye amuru na abali abuo nke onwa abuo n’afọ 1974) bu onye nche [[Footbọl|ndi n’egwu boolu nke ala Nigeria nke gbara]] egwu bọọlụ ụmụ nwanyi nke mbụ na mba ụwa 1991 FIFA Women's World Cup na 2000 Summer Olympics . <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.fifa.com/fifa-tournaments/players-coaches/people=182/index.html|title=FIFA Tournaments - Players & Coaches - Ann CHIEJINE|work=FIFA.com|access-date=2021-05-23|archive-date=2016-05-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160520150226/http://www.fifa.com/fifa-tournaments/players-coaches/people=182/index.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> O bu onye osote onye nkuzi otu egwu bọọlụ umu nwanyi Naijiria nọ na-okpuru afọ iri na asaa. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.premiumtimesng.com/sports/155605-women-u-21-world-cup-coach-nkiyu-names-25-nigeria.html|title=Women U-21 World Cup: Coach Nkiyu names 25 for Nigeria - Premium Times Nigeria|date=22 February 2014|work=PremiumTimesNG.com|quote=Ann Chiejine}}</ref> == Nkwanye Ugo == ; Nigeria '''Onye egwu''' * Asọmpi Women'smụ nwanyị n'Africa (4): 1998, 2000, 2002, 2004 '''Onye na-enye aka nchịkwa''' * Onye mmeri nke ndi nwanyi Afrika : 2016 == Hụ kwa == * Naịjirịa na 2000 Summer Olympics == Ntughari ==   == Njikọ dị na mpụga == * Ann CHIEJINE – FIFA competition record * Anna CHIEJINE at the International Olympic Committee *   [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] id81h9bdvytmpz1ljlia6m1p0sjcqvj 0 10699 727591 708849 2026-09-24T11:23:16Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 4 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727591 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Ugochi Desire Oparanozie''' (a mụrụ n'ụbọchị 17 n'ọnwa Disemba afọ 1993) bụ onye [[Naijiria|Naijirịa]] na-agba bọọlụ n'ọnọdụ onye na-anọ n'ihu na Dijon FCO <ref name="twitter.com">{{Cite web|title=https://twitter.com/dfco_officiel/status/1277986475011903489|url=https://twitter.com/dfco_officiel/status/1277986475011903489|accessdate=2020-06-30|work=Twitter|language=en}}</ref> <ref name="Désiré Oparanozie est Dijonnaise !">{{Cite web|title=Désiré Oparanozie est Dijonnaise !|url=http://www.dfco.fr/articles/F6556438-57F6-4CCE-85EE-D6E61E8E700E|accessdate=2020-06-30|work=dfco.fr|language=fr}}</ref> nakwa Otu bọọlụ mba Naijirịa . == Ọrụ klọb == [[Usòrò:DesireOparanozie08.JPG|áká_èkpè|thumb| Desire Oparanozie na -egwu Ataşehir Belediyespor na egwuregwu ụlọ megide Kdz. Ereğlispor (2013 - 14)]] Oparanozie malitere ọrụ ya na Bayelsa Queens na asọmpi ụmụ nwanyị Naịjirịa were kwaga Delta Queens n'afọ 2010. Ọ nọrọ ọnwa abụọ na mbinye ego na Düvenciler Lisesispor na Turkish Women's First Football League n'afọ 2011, tupu ọ laghachite na Delta Queens. <ref name="transfer">{{Cite web|url=http://www.soccerdonna.de/de/desire-oparanozie/transfers/spieler_6531.html|title=Desire Oparanozie transfers|language=de|publisher=SoccerDonna.de|accessdate=30 June 2015}}</ref> N'afọ 2012, o sonyeere Rossiyanka site n'asọmpi bọọlụ ụmụ nwanyị Rọshịa, ya na ha gbara egwuregwu anọ na 2012-13 UEFA Champions League, na -enweta otu goolu. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.uefa.com/womenschampionsleague/season=2013/clubs/player=250031291/index.html|title=Player Champions League profile|publisher=[[UEFA]]|accessdate=30 June 2015}}</ref> Oparanozie sonyeere klọb Bundesliga bụ VfL Wolfsburg maka oge 2013-14 ma bịanye aka n'akwụkwọ nkwekọrịta afọ abụọ. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Neue Angreiferin|url=https://www.vfl-wolfsburg.de/info/frauen/aktuelles/detailseite/artikel/neue-angreiferin.html|publisher=vfl-wolfsburg.de|accessdate=13 June 2013|date=19 June 2013|language=de}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|author=Juchem|first=Markus|title=VfL Wolfsburg verpflichtet Desire Oparanozie|url=http://www.womensoccer.de/2013/06/13/vfl-wolfsburg-verpflichtet-desire-oparanozie/|publisher=WomenSoccer|accessdate=10 November 2016|date=13 June 2013|archivedate=28 March 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160328101037/http://www.womensoccer.de/2013/06/13/vfl-wolfsburg-verpflichtet-desire-oparanozie/}}</ref> Na ọkara mbụ nke oge ahụ, ọ pụtara naanị n'otu egwuregwu, ọ na -agbakarị bọọlụ na otu bọọlụ Wolfsburg nke abụọ. N'oge oyi, mgbe ọkara oge ahụ gachara, ọ hapụrụ Wolfsburg. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Juchem|first=Markus|title=VfL Wolfsburg trennt sich von Desire Oparanozie|url=http://www.womensoccer.de/2013/06/13/vfl-wolfsburg-verpflichtet-desire-oparanozie/|publisher=WomenSoccer|accessdate=10 November 2016|date=23 January 2014|archivedate=28 March 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160328101037/http://www.womensoccer.de/2013/06/13/vfl-wolfsburg-verpflichtet-desire-oparanozie/}}</ref> N'ụbọchị nke 21 n'ọnwa Febụwarị afọ 2014, Oparanozie bara Ataşehir Belediyespor ka ọ gbaa ọkara nke abụọ nke oge ahụ na [[:en:Turkish_Women's_First_Football_League|Turkish Women's First Football League]] . <ref name="tff1">{{Cite web|url=https://www.tff.org/Default.aspx?pageId=30&kisiId=1684625|publisher=Türkiye Futbol Federasyonu|title=Futbolcular-Ugochi Desire Oparanozie|language=tr|accessdate=10 March 2014}}</ref> === Guingamp === Maka 2014 - 15 o banyere Guingamp nke Division 1 Féminine ndị Frans, <ref name="transfer" /> ebe onye isi otu bọọlụ mba Naijirịa bụ Evelyn Nwabuoku sonyere ya n'oge sochirinụ. Tupu oge 2019-20, e mere Oparanozie onye isi klọb, o were bido ọchịchị ya nke ọma site na imeri Metz n'ụbọchị mmalite nke oge ahụ. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://au.sports.yahoo.com/oparanozie-nigeria-striker-captains-guingamp-175853564.html|title=Oparanozie: Nigeria striker captains Guingamp to winning start against Metz|work=au.sports.yahoo.com|language=en-AU|accessdate=2019-09-20|archivedate=2019-09-20|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190920150712/https://au.sports.yahoo.com/oparanozie-nigeria-striker-captains-guingamp-175853564.html}}</ref> N'ụbọchị nke 30 n'ọnwa Juun afọ 2020, Dijon FCO kwupụtara na ọ bịanyela aka n'akwụkwọ nkwekọrịta afọ abụọ. <ref name="twitter.com" /> <ref name="Désiré Oparanozie est Dijonnaise !" /> Mgbe ọ hapụsịrị Guingamp, ndị na-eso ụzọ ya gụrụ ebe nkwụsị ụgbọ ala Oparanozie na Guingamp mgbe ọ nọchara ogologo oge na klọb bọọlụ Frans. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Denis Oparanozie Bus-stop|url=https://www.mysportdab.com/2020/09/desire-oparanozie-bus-stop-in-france-named-after-super-falcons-player/|publisher=MySportDab|accessdate=20 September 2020}}</ref> == Ọrụ mba ụwa == Dị ka onye junịọ na mba ụwa, o nyere goolu 2 na 2010 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup nakwa goolu 3 na asọmpi 2012 . <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.fifa.com/u20womensworldcup/archive/germany2010/statistics/players/goal-scored.html|title=Players – Top goals|publisher=FIFA|accessdate=10 November 2016|archive-date=27 March 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190327135238/https://www.fifa.com/u20womensworldcup/archive/germany2010/statistics/players/goal-scored.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.fifa.com/u20womensworldcup/archive/japan2012/statistics/players/goal-scored.html|title=Players – Top goals|publisher=FIFA|accessdate=10 November 2016|archive-date=27 March 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190327161159/https://www.fifa.com/u20womensworldcup/archive/japan2012/statistics/players/goal-scored.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> Oparanozie bụrịị onye otu otu bọọlụ mba Naịjirịa kemgbe afọ 2010, na-esonye n'asọmpi FIFA Women World Cup nke afọ 2011, 2015, n'afọ 2019 . <ref>{{Cite web|title=Canada and Nigeria seek consolation win|url=https://www.fifa.com/womensworldcup/matches/round=255997/match=300144428/preview.html|publisher=FIFA|accessdate=10 November 2016|date=4 July 2011|archive-date=8 June 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190608195539/https://www.fifa.com/womensworldcup/matches/round=255997/match=300144428/preview.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=Oparanozie: No words to explain this feeling|url=https://www.fifa.com/womensworldcup/news/y=2015/m=6/news=oparanozie-no-words-to-explain-this-feeling-2626257.html|publisher=FIFA|accessdate=10 November 2016|date=9 June 2015|archive-date=11 November 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161111062818/http://www.fifa.com/womensworldcup/news/y=2015/m=6/news=oparanozie-no-words-to-explain-this-feeling-2626257.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> N'Eprel afọ 2019, onye nchịkwa Thomas Dennerby họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ onye isi ọhụụ otu bọọlụ nke Naịjirịa, ma too Oparanozie maka 'ọzụzụ na ezi agwa ya'. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.brila.net/why-i-made-desire-oparanozie-super-falcons-captain-dennerby/|title=Why I made Desire Oparanozie Super Falcons Captain - Dennerby|author=Saliu|first=Mo|date=2019-04-12|work=Latest Sports News In Nigeria|language=en-US|accessdate=2019-09-20|archivedate=2019-09-20|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190920150712/https://www.brila.net/why-i-made-desire-oparanozie-super-falcons-captain-dennerby/}}</ref> N'ịgbaso <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2019_FIFA_Women's_World_Cup" rel="mw:ExtLink" title="2019 FIFA Women's World Cup" class="cx-link" data-linkid="158">2019 FIFA Women's World Cup</a>, n'ọrụ ya dị ka onye isi, o kpọrọ oku maka ịkwụ ụgwọ nha nha n'otu bọọlụ Naịjirịa, na -ekwupụta ndịiche n'ime ego na onyinye ndị otu nwoke nwetara. <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/49168538|title=Desire Oparanozie demands equal pay for Nigeria's women's side|date=2019-07-30|accessdate=2019-09-20|language=en-GB}}</ref> [[Usòrò:DesireOparanozie04.JPG|thumb|Desire Oparanozie]] Ọ bụkwa onye otu ndị otu Naịjirịa nke [[:en:African_Women's_Championship|African Women's Championship]] nke afọ 2010 na 2014, afọ 2016 na 2018, meriri asọmpi anọ niile. Ọ nyere goolu dịgasị mkpa na ngwụcha 2014 na 2016. <ref>{{Cite news|title=African International Competitions|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/africa/9049468.stm|accessdate=10 November 2016|work=BBC Sport}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|title=Nigeria reclaim African women's title|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/29739296|accessdate=10 November 2016|work=BBC Sport|date=25 October 2014}}</ref> == Nsọpụrụ == === Mbaụwa === '''Naịjirịa''' * <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/African_Women's_Championship" rel="mw:ExtLink" title="African Women's Championship" class="mw-redirect cx-link" data-linkid="170">African Women's Championship</a> : 2010, 2014, 2016, 2018 '''Nkeonwe''' * [[:en:2014_African_Women's_Championship|2014 African Women's Championship]]: Akpụkpọ ụkwụ ọla edo === Klọb === '''Delta Queens''' * <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nigerian_Women's_Championship" rel="mw:ExtLink" title="Nigerian Women's Championship" class="mw-redirect cx-link" data-linkid="181">Nigerian Women's Championship</a>: : 2011, 2012 == Ebemsidee == {{reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * {{FIFA player|300600}} * {{UEFA player|250031291}} * {{Soccerway|desire-oparanozie/135292}} * [http://www.statsfootofeminin.fr/joueur.php?joueur=8692&id=382 Player stats in France] {{in lang|fr}} at statsfootofeminin.fr {{DEFAULTSORT:Oparanozie, Desire}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 8ux2tnscy7lporl8ajpfyqtrx8hrlws 0 10700 727414 87353 2026-09-23T14:40:15Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727414 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Ann Mukoro ''' (a mụrụ n'ụbọchị 27 ọnwa Mee afọ 1975) bụ onye egwuregwu bọọlụ Naịjirịa onye gbara bọọlụ n'etiti ndị otu egwuregwu bọọlụ ụmụ nwanyị Naịjirịa . O so n'òtù ahụ na mmalite [[1991 FIFA Women's World Cup]] nakwa [[1995 FIFA Women's World Cup]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.fifa.com/womensworldcup/archive/sweden1995/teams/team=1882893/players.html|title=FIFA Women's World Cup Sweden 1995 - Teams|accessdate=2007-09-28|publisher=[[FIFA]]|year=1995|work=FIFA Women's World Cup Sweden 1995|archive-date=2015-07-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150702174903/http://www.fifa.com/womensworldcup/archive/sweden1995/teams/team=1882893/players.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Ebemsidee == <references/> == Njikọ mpụga == * {{FIFA player|505}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] odlvqnnszuvd5mo6slactladi08i699 0 10702 727592 621684 2026-09-24T11:34:45Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727592 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Diana Esther Nwaiwu''' (a mụrụ n'ubochi 10 n'ọnwa Ọktoba n'afọ 1973) bụ onye egwuregwu bọọlụ Naịjirịa nke na-eche goolu n'otu egwuregwu bọọlụ ụmụ nwanyị mba Naịjirịa . O so n'òtù ahụ na mmalite iko mba ụwa nke umu nwanyi FIFA n'afọ 1991 yana iko mba ụwa nke umu nwanyi FIFA afọ 1995. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.fifa.com/womensworldcup/archive/sweden1995/teams/team=1882893/players.html|title=FIFA Women's World Cup Sweden 1995 - Teams|accessdate=2007-09-28|publisher=[[FIFA]]|year=1995|work=FIFA Women's World Cup Sweden 1995|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071024023624/http://fifa.com/tournaments/archive/tournament%3D103/edition%3D4654/teams/index.html|archivedate=24 October 2007}}</ref> N'ogo klọb, ọ gbaara ndi ọtu Kakanfo Babes bọọlụ na Naịjiria. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.fifa.com/mm/document/afdeveloping/technicaldevp/50/08/19/wwc_91_tr_part2_260.pdf|title=FIFA Women's World Cup China 1991 - Technical Report|accessdate=20 October 2016|publisher=[[FIFA]]|year=1991|work=FIFA Women's World Cup China 1991|format=PDF|archive-date=27 December 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111227003624/http://www.fifa.com/mm/document/afdeveloping/technicaldevp/50/08/19/wwc%5f91%5ftr%5fpart2%5f260.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Ebemsidee == <references/> == Njikọ mpụga == * {{FIFA player|506}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Nwaiwu, Diana}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 5wjb0anz71r918z905fs70xzo1f0qoq 0 10709 727429 87755 2026-09-23T16:03:13Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727429 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Ashanti Obi''' (a mụrụ n'ụbọchị nke 14 n'ọnwa Ọktoba afọ 1952) bụ onye Naịjirịa na-eme egwuregwu ị gba ọsọ . Ọ sọrọ mpi n'ọsọ nke [[Athletics at the 1972 Summer Olympics – Women's 4 × 100 metres relay|women's 4 × 100 metres relay]] na [[1972 Summer Olympics]]. == Ebemsidee == {{reflist}} # Evans, Hilary; Gjerde, Arild; Heijmans, Jeroen; [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Mallon Mallon, Bill;] et al. [https://web.archive.org/web/20200418031823/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/ob/ashanti-obi-1.html "Ashanti Obi Olympic Results"]. ''Olympics at Sports-Reference.com''. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sports_Reference Sports Reference LLC]. Archived from [https://web.archive.org/web/20200418031823/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/ob/ashanti-obi-1.html the original] on 18 April 2020. Retrieved 17 August 2017. [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 2yknjxrava2d5q92dx5x23ce3ibu3bc 0 10711 727476 538230 2026-09-24T02:43:46Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727476 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Bilkisu Yusuf''' (a mụrụ n'ụbọchị nke 8 n'ọnwa Juun afọ 1977) bu onye judoka nke Naijiria. O soro na mee Women's half-middleweight event na2000 Summer Olympics . == Ebemsidee == #Evans, Hilary; Gjerde, Arild; Heijmans, Jeroen; [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Mallon Mallon, Bill;] et al. "[https://web.archive.org/web/20200418030204/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/yu/bilkisu-yusuf-1.html Bilkisu Yusuf Olympic Results]". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sports_Reference Sports Reference LLC.] Archived from [https://web.archive.org/web/20200418030204/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/yu/bilkisu-yusuf-1.html the original] on 18 April 2020. Retrieved 9 June 2018. {{DEFAULTSORT:Yusuf, Bilkisu}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] pf123refbe5lg077dfkm3hbjvd468ip 0 10714 727510 87799 2026-09-24T04:43:48Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727510 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Calister Ubah''' (a mụrụ n'ụbọchị nke 15 n'ọnwa Nọvemba afọ 1973) bụ onye Naịjirịa na-eme egwuregwu ị gba ọsọ . Ọ sọrọ mpi na mita 200 nke ụmụ nwanyị na 1996 Summer Olympics . == Ebemsidee == # Evans, Hilary; Gjerde, Arild; Heijmans, Jeroen; [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Mallon Mallon, Bill;] et al. [https://web.archive.org/web/20200418113156/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/ub/calister-ubah-1.html "Calister Ubah Olympic Results"]. Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sports_Reference Sports Reference LLC.] Archived from [https://web.archive.org/web/20200418113156/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/ub/calister-ubah-1.html the original] on 18 April 2020. Retrieved 21 July 2017. [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] rukhefghyi3bco1vhc11j6h083uo5eh 0 10719 727428 87748 2026-09-23T16:02:12Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727428 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Asele Disep Woy''' (a mụrụ n'ụbọchị nke 3 n'ọnwa Jenụwarị afọ 1959) bụ onye Naịjirịa na-eme egwuregwu ị gba ọsọ . Ọ sọrọ mpi women's 4 × 400 metres relay na 1980 Summer Olympics. == Ebemsidee == # Evans, Hilary; Gjerde, Arild; Heijmans, Jeroen; [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Mallon Mallon, Bill;] et al. [https://web.archive.org/web/20200418102418/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/wo/asele-woy-1.html "Asele Woy Olympic Results"]. Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sports_Reference Sports Reference LLC.] Archived from [https://web.archive.org/web/20200418102418/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/wo/asele-woy-1.html the original] on 18 April 2020. Retrieved 2 September 2017. [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 7zselcvrlpxgsvhiqgub8za3jjm3kbp 0 10723 727440 88951 2026-09-23T23:41:51Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727440 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Atonye Nyingifa''' (a mụrụ n'ụbọchị nke 8 n'ọnwa Disemba afọ 1990) bụ onye Naijirịa a mụrụ n'Amerịka, na-eme egwuregwu basketbọọlụ n'otu bọọlụ Porta XI Ensino na otu egwuregwu mba Naịjirịa . <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://archive.fiba.com/pages/eng/fa/p/rpp//q/Atonye_Nyingifa/pid//_//players.html |title=FIBA profile |access-date=2021-08-08 |archive-date=2024-04-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240404175043/https://archive.fiba.com/pages/eng/fa/p/rpp//q/Atonye_Nyingifa/pid//_//players.html |url-status=dead}}</ref> O sonyere na Afrobasket ụmụ nwanyị afọ 2017 . <ref>[http://www.fiba.basketball/womensafrobasket/2017/Atonye-Nyingifa 2017 Women's Afrobasket profile]</ref> == Ebemsidee == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == *[https://web.archive.org/web/20220107041221/https://archive.fiba.com/pages/eng/fa/p/rpp//q//pid/118602/_//players.html Atonye Nyingifa] at [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FIBA FIBA] [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] ch3lrkqi5gj12f4p13djad149txq08l 0 10724 727547 580708 2026-09-24T07:12:39Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727547 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Chiom Udeaja''' (a mụrụ n'mkpụrụ ụbọchị iri na itolu n'ọnwa isii n'afọ 1984) bụ onye Naịjirịa na-eme egwuregwu basket bọọlụ n'otu bọọlụ First Bank a makwaara dị ka Elephant Girl na otu bọọlụ mba Naịjirịa . <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://archive.fiba.com/pages/eng/fa/p/rpp//q/Chioma_Udeaja/pid//_//players.html |title=FIBA profile |access-date=2021-08-08 |archive-date=2023-04-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230412152459/http://archive.fiba.com/pages/eng/fa/p/rpp//q/Chioma_Udeaja/pid//_//players.html |url-status=dead}}</ref> == Ọrụ mbaụwa == O sonyere na Afrobasket ụmụ nwanyị afọ 2017 . <ref>[http://www.fiba.basketball/womensafrobasket/2017/Chioma-Udeaja 2017 Women's Afrobasket profile]</ref> == Ebemsidee == {{DEFAULTSORT:Udeaja, Chioma}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] gx1ks94fa8vna5o7t5dvh0x9xy6s89w 0 10791 727544 451820 2026-09-24T07:05:19Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727544 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} {{National football association|Logo=Chinese Football Association logo.svg|Founded={{plainlist| * 1924 (original) * 1955 (as CFA)<ref>{{cite web |url = http://en.olympic.cn/sports/events/2008-11-03/1664987.html |title = Football - Official Website of the Chinese Olympic Committeeb |website = en.olympic.cn }}</ref> }}|FIFA affiliation=1931|Region=[[Asian Football Confederation|AFC]]|Region affiliation=1974|Subregion=[[East Asian Football Federation|EAFF]]|Subregion affiliation=2002|President=[[Chen Xuyuan]]|Website={{url|http://www.thecfa.cn}}}}{{Infobox Chinese|showflag=stp|t=中國足球協會|s=中国足球协会|p=Zhōngguó Zúqiú Xiéhuì|w=Chungkuo Tsuch'iu Hsieh-hui|mi={{IPAc-cmn|zh|ong|1|-|g|uo|2|-|z|u|2|-|q|iu|2|-|x|ie|2|-||h|ui|4}}|order=st}}Otu egwuregwu bọọlụ '''China''' ( '''CFA''' ) bụ otu nchịkwa nke ,[[Footbọl|otu egwuregwu bọọlụ]] <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/sports/2011-10/19/content_13935401.htm|title=Chinese officials want clue to Japan's soccer success&#124;China|work=chinadaily.com.cn|publisher=[[China Daily]]|date=2011-10-19|accessdate=2013-11-17}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|first=Joshua|author=Frank|url=http://articles.latimes.com/2010/jun/19/world/la-fg-china-soccer-20100619|title=Missing from the World Cup? China - Los Angeles Times|work=[[Los Angeles Times]]|date=June 19, 2010|accessdate=2012-10-31}}</ref> bọọlụ osimiri na futsal na Isi obodo China . Malitere na Beijing n'afọ 1924, mkpakọrịta a ga -ejikọ onwe ya na FIFA n'afọ 1931 tupu ọ kwaga Taiwan mgbe ngwụcha Agha Obodo China (lee Otu Egwuregwu bọọlụ Taipei ). CFA sonyeere njikọ mba nke Eshia n'afọ 1974 <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/newspapers/Digitised/Page/straitstimes19740916-1.1.28.aspx|title=AFC Bars Israel From All Its Competitions|date=16 September 1974|work=[[The Straits Times]]}}</ref> nke FIFA na-esote ya ọzọ n'afọ 1979. Kemgbe ọ laghachiri na FIFA, CFA na-ekwu na ọ bụ ndị na ọ bụghị otu nke gọọmentị na otu anaghị akpa ego mana n'ezie ọ bụ otu ụlọ ọrụ nke njikwa etiti nke bọọlụ bụ ngalaba nchịkwa gburugburu egwuregwu bọọlụ nke steeti . <ref name="chinaculture2003">{{Cite web|url=http://www.chinaculture.org/gb/en_chinaway/2003-09/24/content_31974.htm|title=Chinese Football Association|work=Chinaculture.org|date=1955-01-03|accessdate=2012-10-31|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120404032053/http://www.chinaculture.org/gb/en_chinaway/2003-09/24/content_31974.htm|archivedate=2012-04-04}}</ref> == Otu Mkpakọrịta == Ka ọ na-eru afọ 2015, e nwere mkpokọta ndị otu mkpakọrịta iri anọ na anọ so na CFA. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://images.sport.org.cn/File/2015/04/29/1623085622.doc|title=2015中国足球协会业余联赛大区赛分区情况|publisher=Chinese Football Association|date=April 29, 2015|accessdate=2015-04-29|archivedate=2016-06-30|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160630073035/http://images.sport.org.cn/File/2015/04/29/1623085622.doc}}</ref> Ndị otu ahụ bụ:{{col-begin}} {{col-2}} * [[Anhui]] Football Association * [[Beijing]] Football Association * [[Changchun]] Football Association * [[Chengdu]] Football Association * [[Chongqing]] Football Association * [[Dalian]] Football Association * [[Fujian]] Football Association * [[Gansu]] Football Association * [[Guangdong]] Football Association * [[Guangxi]] Football Association * [[Guangzhou]] Football Association * [[Guizhou]] Football Association * [[Hainan]] Football Association * [[Hebei]] Football Association * [[Heilongjiang]] Football Association * [[Henan]] Football Association * [[Hubei]] Football Association * [[Hunan]] Football Association * [[Inner Mongolia == Ukara == Mgbe emezigharịrị ndị otu egwuregwu bọọlụ China n'afọ 1955, ọ ga anọ n'okpuru nchịkwa izugbe egwuregwu wee were n'ụgwọ onye isi ala onye jere ozi n'otu egwuregwu bọọlụ mba China PR dịka onye njikwa ma ọ bụ onye egwuregwu. Nke a ga-agbanwe n'afọ 1989 mgbe mkpakọrịta ahụ chọrọ ka ha nwekwuo aka ọrụ wee malite ikewapụ onwe ya dịka otu na-abụghị nke gọọmentị na ọgbakọ anaghị akpa ego wee were n'ụgwọ onye osote onye isi ala nke na-abụkarị onye isi ụlọ ọrụ gọọmentị --Nchịkwa Etiti egwuregwu bọọlụ. [Ndepụta mbụ] -Mmekọrịta ihe gbasara nchịkwa ịdọ aka na ntị, ọgbakọ na nzukọ izugbe nke ndị otu mba gụnyere iwere n'ụgwọ na ịchụpụ ndị njikwa otu mba emeela ka ọrụ a bụrụ ọmarịcha ọnọdụ n'ime CFA niile ebe ọrụ onye isi ala. aghọọla emume.{{col-begin}} {{col-2}} ; President * [[Huang Zhong]] (黄中) (1955–1979) * [[Li Fenglou]] (1979–1985) * [[Yuan Weimin]] (1985–1989) * [[Nian Weisi]] (1989–1992) * [[Yuan Weimin]] (1992–2014) * [[Cai Zhenhua]] (2014–2019) * [[Chen Xuyuan]] (2019–) {{col-2}} ; First Vice-President * Sun Baorong (孙宝荣) (1989–1992) * Wang Junsheng (王俊生) (1992–2000) * Yan Shiduo (阎世铎) (2000–2004) * Xie Yalong (谢亚龙) (2005–2008) * Nan Yong (南勇) (2009) * Wei Di (韦迪) (2010–2013) * [[Zhang Jian (football)|Zhang Jian]] (张剑) (2013–2019) * [[Du Zhaocai]] (杜兆才) (2019–) {{col-end}} {| class="wikitable hlist" style="text-align:left;" !Aha ! Ọnọdụ ! Isi mmalite |- |</img> [[Chen Xuyuan]] | Onye isi ala | <ref name="auto">{{Cite web|url=https://www.fifa.com/associations/association/chn/about|title=Member Association - China PR - FIFA.com|work=www.fifa.com|access-date=2021-08-24|archive-date=2020-09-23|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200923035616/https://www.fifa.com/associations/association/chn/about|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref name="the-afc.com">{{Cite web|title=The AFC.com - The Asian Football Confederation|url=https://www.the-afc.com/afc-home/member-associations/china-pr/chinese-football-association/|accessdate=2020-08-24|work=The AFC|language=en-GB}}</ref> |- |</img> [[Du Zhaocai]] | onye na-eso onye isi | <ref name="auto" /> <ref name="the-afc.com" /> |- |</img> [[Sun Wen (onye egwuregwu bọọlụ)|Anyanwụ Wen]] | Onye isi ala nke abụọ | <ref name="the-afc.com" /> |- |</img> [[Gao Hongbo]] | Onye isi ala nke atọ | <ref name="the-afc.com" /> |- | Louis Liu Yi | Onye odeakwụkwọ izugbe | <ref name="auto" /> <ref name="the-afc.com" /> |- | n/a | Onye ndeba ego | |- |</img> [[Chris van Puyvelde]] | Onye nduzi Nka na ụzụ | <ref name="auto" /> <ref name="the-afc.com" /> |- |</img> [[Li Tie]] | Onye nkuzi otu (Ndị nwoke) | <ref name="auto" /> <ref name="the-afc.com" /> |- |</img> [[Jia Xiuquan]] | Onye nkuzi otu (ụmụ nwanyị) | <ref name="auto" /> |- |</img> [[Dai Xiaowei]] | Onye njikwa mgbasa ozi/nkwukọrịta | <ref name="auto" /> |- | n/a | Onye nhazi Futsal | |- |</img> [[Liu Tiejun (onye nchịkwa)|Liu Tiejun]] | Onye nhazi onye nchịkwa | <ref name="auto" /> |- |} == Asọmpi == {{col-begin}} {{col-2}} * [[Chinese Super League]] * [[China League One]] * [[China League Two]] * [[Chinese FA Cup]] * [[Chinese FA Super Cup]] * [[Chinese Football Association Member Association Champions League]] {{col-2}} * Reserve League * [[U-19 league]] * U-17 league * U-15 league * U-14 league * U-13 league {{col-end}}{{col-begin}} {{col-2}} * [[Chinese Women's Super League]] * Chinese Women's FA Cup * Chinese Women's FA Super Cup {{col-2}} * Futsal League * FA Futsal Cup * Beach Football Championship {{col-end}} == Rịba ama ==   == Ebensidee ==   == Njikọ mpụga == * Official website </img>(in Chinese) * [https://web.archive.org/web/20171211235525/http://www.fifa.com/associations/association=chn/index.html FIFA profaịlụ: China PR] * [http://www.the-afc.com/en/member-associations/east/chinese-football-assoc.html China PR] na saịtị AFC * [http://www.eaff.com/10fa/fa01/index.html China PR] na saịtị EAFF [[Òtù:Category:Ọrụrụ na China nke afọ 1924]] [[Òtù:Category:Otu nchịkwa egwuregwu na China]] [[Òtù:Category:Ndị nchịkwa otu egwuregwu bọọlụ na Eshia]] [[Òtù:Category:Ndi ọtu njikọ mba egwuregwu China nile]] [[Òtù:Category:Isiokwu edere n'asụsụ China]] [[Òtù:Category:Otu egwuregwu eguzobere n'afọ 1924]] d308voymi8z1gcuan02k2wmbuqbw1f2 0 10795 727543 632297 2026-09-24T06:58:04Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727543 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} Ụsọ Oké Osimiri East<nowiki><br></nowiki><nowiki><br></nowiki><nowiki><br></nowiki><nowiki><br></nowiki><nowiki><span style="font-size:85%;">(w/ mmemme mmepe dị)</span></nowiki><nowiki></br></nowiki>  '''Mmepe Ndịda Anyanwụ''' (asụsụ China dị mfe <span>'Akụkụ ndịda anyanwụ, Nnukwu mmepe'</span> ), yana '''usoro mmepe ndịda anyanwụ ukwu''' ma ọ bụ '''Mkpughe Mmemme ndịda anyanwụ''', bụ amụma akwadoro maka ndịda anyanwụ China. Iwu a kpuchiri mpaghara isii ( Gansu, Guizhou, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Sichuan na Yunnan), mpaghara ise kwụụrụ onwe ya (Guangxi, Mongolia n'ime, [[Ningxia]], Tibet na Xinjiang ), na otu obodo ( Chongqing). Mpaghara a nwere pacent iri asaa na ụma anọ nke mpaghara ala China, mana naanị pacent iri abụọ na ụma asatọ nke ndị bi na ya, na ngwụcha afọ 2002, yana pacentị iri na itoolu na ụma itoolu nke ngụkọta akụ na ụba ya, dịka nke afọ 2015. <ref>[[China Statistical Yearbook]] 2016, National Bureau of Statistics of China</ref> == Akụkọ == N'okpuru ọchịchi Deng Xiaoping, ndị mba China bidoro mmezigharị akụnụba ya n'afọ 1978 site n'ịgbanwe site na akụnụba iwu gaa na akụnụba ahịa . Mpaghara ndị dị n'ụsọ oké osimiri ọwụwa anyanwụ China ritere uru dị ukwuu site na ndozigharị ndị a, akụ na ụba ha gara n'ihu ngwa ngwa. Otú ọ dị, ọkara ọdịda anyanwụ China adaala nke ukwuu. N'ọnwa Maachị nke afọ 1999, Onye odeakwụkwọ izugbe Jiang Zemin kwupụtara atụmatụ usoro mmepe maka ọdịda anyanwụ n'ógbè Nzukọ mba nke itoolu. Ọ ga-akọwapụta atụmatụ a nke ọma n'ọnwa June afọ 1999, bụ mgbe e ji ahịrịokwu ahụ ''nnukwu mmepe ọdịda anyanwụ'', na -aka akara mmalite nke amụma a. <ref>{{Cite journal|author=Lai|first=Hongyi Harry|title=China's Western Development Program: Its Rationale, Implementation, and Prospects|journal=[[Modern China (journal)|Modern China]]|volume=28|issue=2|date=October 2002|issn=1552-6836|doi=10.1177/009770040202800402}}</ref> Onye isi Zhu Rongji gara na mpaghara ọdịda anyanwụ iji kpokọta echiche ndị isi ọdịda anyanwụ banyere atụmatụ a. N'ihi nke a, Kọmitii na-ahụ maka nhazi steeti depụtara atụmatụ mbụ maka atụmatụ ahụ tupu ha nyefee ya n'akaKọmitii Na -ahụ Maka Ọchịchị Politburo n'ọnwa Nọvemba nke afọ1999. <ref>{{Cite journal|author=Shih|first=Victor|title=Development, the Second Time Around: The Political Logic of Developing Western China|journal=[[Journal of East Asian Studies]]|volume=4|issue=3|date=September–December 2004|issn=1598-2408|doi=10.1017/S1598240800006032}}</ref> Otu ndị ọchịchị maka mmepe mpaghara ndịda anyanwụ (西部 地区 开发 领导 小组) bụ ndị Kansụl Steeti e mepụtara n'ọnwa Jenụwarị nke afọ 2000, nke Zhu duru. === Ihe ndekọ nke ihe omume === * 1999: akọwapụtara ntuziaka "Mmepe mpaghara ndịda anyanwụ" * 2000: atụmatụ "Mmepe mpaghara ndịda anyanwụ" bidoro * 2001: eweputara webụsaịtị mmemme "Mmepe mpaghara ndịda anyanwụ" * 2002: owuwu " mpaghara ndịda anyanwụ-ọwụwa anyanwụ" malitere * 2003: amụma nke '[[Iweghachi ala|iweghachi Ala]] ịta ahịhịa na ahịhịa ahịhịa' na-amalite * 2004: edepụtara Iwu maka ịkwalite mmepe ọdịda anyanwụ na atụmatụ mmebe iwu nke ọgbakọ ọgbakọ ndị Nzukọ mba nke iri * 2005: Ewepụrụ mmanye ụgwọ nkuzi na mpaghara ọdịda anyanwụ * 2006: ụgbọ okporo ígwè Qinghai-Tibet malitere ọrụ * 2007: Mịnịstrị na -ahụ maka ego tinyere ijeri yuan narị abụọ na iri asatọ na ọdịda anyanwụ iji kwado ọrụ ndị bụ isi * 2009: Nhazi mpaghara triangle ọdịda anyanwụ <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://en.chinagate.cn/features/Western_Development/2010-01/04/content_19175519.htm|title=Chronicle of Events - en.chinagate.cn|work=en.chinagate.cn|accessdate=18 April 2018}}</ref> == Atụmatụ == [[Usòrò:Qingzang_railway_Train_01.jpg|thumb|Okporo igwe mpagharaQinghai–Tibet]] [[Usòrò:Train_to_Kashgar.jpg|thumb|Okporo igwe mpaghara ndịda Xinjiang]] Akụkụ nke atụmatụ a gụnyere mmepe nke akụrụngwa (ụgbọ njem, osisi ọkụ eletrik, ike, na nkwukọrịta), ịrata itinye ego nke mba ofesi, itinyekwu mbọ na nchedo gburugburu ebe obibi (dịka ịgha mkpụrụ osisi ), ịkwalite agụmakwụkwọ, na njigide akaraka na -abawanye gaa mpaghara ndị bara ụba. Dị ka afọ 2006, ejirila ngụkọta otu ijeri yuan wuo ihe owuwu na ọdịda anyanwụ China.  === Ụgbọ njem === Ụlọ ọrụ mmepe ọdịda anyanwụ nke jikọrọ aka na kansụl steeti wepụtara ndepụta nke nnukwu ọrụ iri ga-ebido n'afọ 2008, yana mkpokọta mmefu ego ijeri yuan narị anọ na iri atọ na isii (ijeri dollar iri isii na anọ na ụma iri na abụọ).  Ọrụ ndị a gụnyere ahịrị okporo igwe ụgbọ oloko ọhụrụ na-ejikọ Guiyang na Guangzhou, Lanzhou na Chongqing, Kashgar na Hotan dị na Xinjiang; okporo ụzọ dị n'etiti Wanyuan na Dazhou na mpaghara Sichuan, Shuikou na Duyun na mpaghara Guizhou; ọrụ mgbasawanye ọdụ ụgbọ elu na Chengdu, Chongqing na Xi'an. Ha gụnyekwara ịrụ ụlọ ọkụ eletrik, ebe a na-egwupụta kol, mmanu gas na na okpokoro eji ewefe mmanụ yana ọrụ ọhaneze na mpaghara ọdịda anyanwụ. Na ngwụsị afọ 2007, China amalitela ọrụ owuwu ihe iri itoolu na abụọ dị mkpa na mpaghara ọdịda anyanwụ, yana itinye ego karịrị otu ijeri yuan na ùma atò. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://rss.xinhuanet.com/newsc/english/2008-06/21/content_8413779.htm|title=Archived copy|accessdate=2009-03-03|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100302172353/http://rss.xinhuanet.com/newsc/english/2008-06/21/content_8413779.htm|archivedate=2010-03-02}}</ref> Ọrụ ụgbọ okporo ígwè Qinghai-Tibet a ma ama n'ụwa niile setịpụrụ ihe dị mkpa na mmepe obodo Tibet. O jikọtara Tibet na mpaghara etiti China. Tibet abụghịzi mpaghara dịpụrụ adịpụ nke ụgbọ okporo ígwè na-apụghị iru. <ref>{{Cite journal|author=Shiu|first=Alice|title=Economic growth and infrastructure investments in energy and transportation: A causality interpretation of China's Western Development Strategy|journal=Energy Journal|date=2016|volume=37|issue=3|doi=10.5547/01956574.37.si1.ashi}}</ref> === Ọrụ Haịdrọlik === The Ahịrị ukwu nke mpaghara ndịda anyanwụ, ihe nwere ike ime na Nyefe ọrụ ngọ mpaghara ndịda na mgbago ugwu, bụ atụmatụ maka ịwepu mmiri site n'akụkụ mmiri nke osimiri isii na ndịda ọdịda anyanwụ [[China]], gụnyere Mekong, Yarlung Tsangpo na Salween, na mpaghara akọrọ nke mpaghara ugwu China site na usoro nchekwa mmiri, ọwara mmiri na osimiri eke. Ihe oru ngo a nwere ike bụrụ atụmatụ kacha arụrịta ụka ruo taa. <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20060919215730/http://atimes.com/atimes/China_Business/HI19Cb02.html Tibet: China's little treasure], by Antoaneta Bezlova</ref> == Mmetụta == [[Usòrò:SkylineOfChongqing.jpg|thumb|Etiti Chongqing, otu n'ime Obodo ise mba etiti]] [[Usòrò:Xi'an_erhuan_southeast.JPG|thumb|Xi'an, isi obodo nke mpaghara Shaanxi ]] [[Usòrò:Kunming_centre.jpg|thumb|Kunming, isi obodo mpagharaYunnan]] [[Usòrò:Lanzhou-036.JPG|thumb|Lanzhou, capital of Gansu province]] [[Usòrò:Tibet_Peaceful_Liberation_Monument,_Potala_Square.jpg|thumb|Lhasa, isi obodo Tibet Kwụrụ onwe ya]] [[Usòrò:Ürümqi skyline, Xinjiang, China, 2004.jpg|thumb|Ürümqi, Isi obodo Xinjiang Kwụrụ onwe ya]] === Mmepe akụ na ụba === Mgbalị China ịmepe mpaghara ọdịda anyanwụ ya enweela mmetụta dị iche iche na mmepe akụ na ụba mpaghara ọdịda anyanwụ. Ọ bụ ezie na nnukwu itinye ego akwalitela mmepụta mpaghara a, na-ewelite GDP nke ọma na mpaghara ọdịda anyanwụ niile, ọrụ ahụ emezughị ebumnuche ya nke iwepụ ọdịiche akụ na ụba n'etiti mpaghara ọwụwa anyanwụ na mpaghara ọdịda anyanwụnke China. Site n'afọ 1999 ruo afọ 2001, Xinjiang na Guangxi gosipụtara mmụba GDP kwa afọ nke ruru Pacentị iri atọ. Mpaghara ọdịda anyanwụ nke China akọpụtala ọnụego uto akụ na ụba kwa afọ nke Pacentị iri na ụma isii maka afọ isii n'usoro. Mkpokọta GDP nke mpaghara ndị ọdịda anyanwụ ruru Puku Ijeri atọ na ụma atọ n'afọ 2005, ma e jiri ya tụnyere otu puku ijeri na ụma iri isii na isii n'afọ 2000, ebe ego ha nwetara na-eto nkezi Pacentị iri maka ndị bi n'obodo mepere emepe na ọdịda anyanwụ yana mmadụ pacentị iri isii na asatọ bi n'ime ime obodo. <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2006-09/06/content_5055217.htm |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-08-25 |archive-date=2009-02-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090216030953/http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2006-09/06/content_5055217.htm |url-status=dead}}</ref> Atumatu na-agba ndị China ume site na mpaghara ndị bara ọgaranya na ndị mmadụ juputara na China ịkwaga na mpaghara ọdịda anyanwụ na-enweghị ọnụ ọgụgụ mmadụ emeela ka mmụba ndị mmadụ na [obodo ole na ole], ọkachasị Qinghai nke mmụba ya dị pacentị iri abụọ na ụma isii. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/shared/spl/hi/guides/456900/456954/html/nn5page1.stm|title=BBC NEWS - In Depth|work=news.bbc.co.uk|accessdate=18 April 2018}}</ref> <ref>Goodman, David S. G.. “The Campaign to ‘Open Up the West’: National, Provincial-level and Local Perspectives.” China’s Campaign to “Open Up the West”: National, Provincial- level and Local Perspectives. Ed. David S.G. Goodman. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004. 8-9. </ref> Ka o sina dị, uto akụ na ụba nke Ọwụwa Anyanwụ China na-aga n'ihu karịa nke ndịda ayanwụ, na-eme ka akụkụ ọdịda anyanwụ nke ngwaahịa ụlọ gara n'ihu na-ada. Ntụkọ ndịda ayanwụ nyere na GDP belatara site na Pacentị iri abụọ na ụma iri asatọ na asatọ n'afọ 1990 ruo Pacentị iri na asaa na ụma iri na atọ n'afọ 2000. <ref>Gu Chaolin, ShenJianfa, and Yu Taofang. “Urban and Regional Development.” Developing China’s West: A critical Path to Balanced National Development. Ed. Y.M. Yeung and ShenJianfa. Hong Kong: The Chinese University Press, 2007. 182.</ref> Mmekọ ọnụ nke GDP kwa mmadụ na ọdịda anyanwụ belatara site na Pacentị iri asaa na atọ na ụma iri atọ n'afọ 1990 ruo Pacentị iri isii na ụma iri asatọ na asaa n'afọ 2000. <ref>Gu Chaolin, ShenJianfa, and Yu Taofang. “Urban and Regional Development.” Developing China’s West: A critical Path to Balanced National Development. Ed. Y.M. Yeung and ShenJianfa. Hong Kong: The Chinese University Press, 2004.185.</ref> N'afọ 1990, GDP nke onye ọ bụla na Shanghai bụ ugboro asaa na ụma atọ nke Guizhou, ógbè kasị daa ogbenye na China; ka ọ na-eru 2000, ọnụ ọgụgụ ahụ amụbaala ugboro iri abụọ na itoolu. <ref>Yeung, Y.M. “Introduction.” Developing China’s West: A critical Path to Balanced National Development. Ed. Y.M. Yeung and ShenJianfa. Hong Kong: The Chinese University Press, 2004.15.</ref> Ihe akaebe sitere na Akwụkwọ afọ mgbakọ na mwepụ nke China na-egosikwa ọdịiche akụ na ụba na-abawanye n'etiti China na ọdịda anyanwụ na ọwụwa anyanwụ, na-egosi na ọnụ ọgụgụ GDP nke ọwụwa anyanwụ na ọdịda anyanwụ mụbara site na abụọ na ụma iri itoolu na asatọ n'afọ 1980 ruo anọ na ụma iri atọ na atọ n'afọ 2000.  === Ntinye ego mba ofesi === Kemgbe ewebatara mgbanwe akụ na ụba na amụma mmeghe ụzọ n'afọ 1978, mpaghara ọdịda anyanwụ anọwo n'ọnọdụ akụ na ụba na-adịghị mma n'ihi na ọ na-ekwe nkwa mweghachite obere nye ndị na-etinye ego karịa ndị ntinye ego ọzọ nọ na-ọwụwa anyanwụ ya. Ya mere, otu n'ime ebumnobi nke mkpughe atụmatụ nke ndịda anyanwụ bụ iwebata ndị itinye ego mba ofesi site na imepụta gburugburu itinye ego kwụsiri ike site na nrụpụta akụrụngwa. Nke a bụ ihe ịga nke ọma maka ọrụ mmepe ọdịda anyanwụ na ọkwa ụfọdụ, maka ọnụ ọgụgụ na-egosi nnukwu mmụba na itinye ego mba ofesi na mpaghara ọdịda anyanwụ, site na US $ otu puku, narị asatọ na iri atọ na asaa ma ụma iri atọ na ise n'afọ 1999 ruo nde $ otu puku, narị itoolu na iri abụọ na abụọ na ụma iri na itoolu n'afọ 2001. Agbanyeghị, ọ bụghị mpaghara niile dị na mpaghara ọdịda anyanwụ sonyere n'ọganihu a. Ọ bụ ezie na itinye ego na mba ofesi na Chongqing toro US nde $ iri na asaa na ụma iri ise na isii n'etiti 1999 n'afo 2001 (site na US nde $ narị abụọ na iri atọ na asatọ ruo nde $ narị abụọ na iri ise na isii na ụma iri anọ na itoolu), itinye ego mba ofesi na Guizhou, Guangxi na Ningxi belatara nke ukwuu, na-agbada ihe dị ka USD $ nde iri na itoolu na ụma iri asaa na otu , $ nde narị abụọ na iri ise na ụma iri itoolu na isii, na $ nde iri atọ na anọ na ụma iri ise na anọ n'otu n'otu. <ref>Fan Jie. “Western Development Policy: Changes, Effects and Evaluation.” Developing China’s West: A critical Path to Balanced National Development. Ed. Y.M. Yeung and ShenJianfa. Hong Kong: The Chinese University Press, 2004.100.</ref> Ọnọdụ Guizhou kpughere mmetụta ọjọọ nke Mmemme Mmepe Ọdịda Anyanwụ. N'agbanyeghị eziokwu ahụ bụ na Guizhou nwetara iri ise na atọ na ụma atọ ijeri yuan na owuwu ihe owuwu n'afọ 2001 naanị, karịa ngụkọta ego nke Atụmatụ Afọ ise nke itoolu (1995-2000) nyere, ego mba ofesi ya belatara site na $ nde iri anọ na ụma itoolu n'afo 1999 ruo $ nde iri abụọ na itoolu na ụma iri abụọ na itoolu n'afọ na 2001, mbelata dị ịtụnanya Pacentị iri atọ na otu, na -eru ebe kachasị ala kemgbe 1997. <ref>Fan Jie. “Western Development Policy: Changes, Effects and Evaluation.” Developing China’s West: A critical Path to Balanced National Development. Ed. Y.M. Yeung and ShenJianfa. Hong Kong: The Chinese University Press, 2004.100.</ref> N'adịghị ka steeti ahụ zubere, ọrụ mbufe ọkụ eletrik ndịda anyanwụ - ọwụwa anyanwụ dị na Guizhou kwenyesiri ike na mmụba na-aga n'ihu na itinye ego mba ofesi n'ụsọ oké osimiri, ebe a na-ebufe ọtụtụ ọkụ eletrik na Guizhou na Guangdong. Tim Oakes, onye prọfesọ na-ahụ maka ọdịdị ala na Mahadum [[Colorado]] dị na Boulder, na-arụ ụka na ọdịda nke itinye ego na mba ofesi na mpaghara ọdịda anyanwụ ụfọdụ bụ nsonaazụ nke mbọ Beijing mere ime ka akụ na ụba mpaghara site na nnukwu oru ngo dị ka ndịda anyanwụ - ọwụwa anyanwụ Guizhou . . <ref>Oakes, Tim. “Building a Southern Dynamo: Guizhou and State Power.” China’s Campaign to “Open Up the West”: National, Provincial-level and Local Perspectives. Ed. David S.G. Goodman. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004. 173.</ref> Ịkwalite njikwa etiti n'etiti akụ na ụba emebiwo ntụkwasị obi nke ndị ọchụnta ego si mba ofesi. Banyere Guizhou, ebe gọọmentị etiti China bu n'obi ịrabata itinye ego mba ofesi na mpaghara ike site na Mgbasa Ọkụ ndịda anyanwụ - ọwụwa anyanwụ, naanị Pacentị ise nke itinye ego si mba ofesi banyere na mpaghara ike. Banyere Pacentị iri asaa na ise nke ntinye ego mba ofesi Guizhou ka etinyere ịmepụta ịhe yana Pacentị iri na ise maka mmepe ala na ụlọ. <ref>Oakes, Tim. “Building a Southern Dynamo: Guizhou and State Power.” China’s Campaign to “Open Up the West”: National, Provincial-level and Local Perspectives. Ed. David S.G. Goodman. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004. 169.</ref> N'ihi na atumatu akụ na ụba nke mkpọsa ahụ bụ atụmatụ nke etiti, mkpọsa ahụ emeela ka e nwee nkụda mmụọ na ntinye ego nke mba ofesi, na-arụ ọrụ megide ebumnuche mbụ ya. === Nchedo gburugburu ebe obibi === N'ịhụta nnukwu mmetụta gburugburu ebe obibi na mmemme mmepe akụrụngwa buru ibu, steeti na-akpọsa nchekwa gburugburu ebe obibi na mkpọsa ya imepe mpaghara ndịda anyanwụ. Mgbanwe ala ubi na oke ọhịa na ahịhịa bụ atụmatụ kachasị maka mbọ a, na-elekwasị anya na mpaghara dị mkpa maka nchekwa Yangtze. Na Sichuan, gọọmentị chọrọ ichebe oke ọhịa dị nde iri na itoolu na ụma iri abụọ na atọ ma kụọ ọhịa ọhụrụ nde hekta abụọ na ụma iri itoolu na atọ iji belata oke silt na-asọba na Yangtze. <ref>McNally, Christopher A.. “Sichuan: Driving Capitalist Development Westward.” China’s Campaign to “Open Up the West”: National, Provincial-level and Local Perspectives. Ed. David S.G. Goodman. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004.123.</ref> Ihe dị ka puku ala iri abụọ ka a tụgharịrị na Guizhou n'afọ 2001, mpaghara dị mkpa maka nchekwa Yangtze. <ref>Oakes, Tim. “Building a Southern Dynamo: Guizhou and State Power.” China’s Campaign to “Open Up the West”: National, Provincial-level and Local Perspectives. Ed. David S.G. Goodman. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004. 170.</ref> Na Shaanxi, a gbanwere ala ubi hekta puku narị ise na iri asaa na otu na hekta puku narị anọ na puku abụọ na asaa ka ọ bụrụ ọhịa ma ọ bụ ahịhịa n'etiti 1999 na 2002. hekta Ala ubi puku narị abụọ na puku iri asatọ ọzọ na otu mbara ala tọgbọrọ n'efu ka a tụgharịrị n'afọ 2003. <ref>Vermeer, Eduard B.. “Shaanxi: Building a Future on State Support.” China’s Campaign to “Open Up the West”: National, Provincial-level and Local Perspectives. Ed. David S.G. Goodman. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004.101.</ref> Mmemme gburugburu ebe obibi China na ọdịda anyanwụ emeela China “otu n'ime mba ole na ole n'ụwa nke na-amụba oke ọhịa ha ngwa ngwa,” dị ka David Dollar, onye isi [[World Bank|ụlọ akụ ụwa]] na China si kwuo. <ref>Wasserman, Rogerio. “Can China Be Green by 2020?” BBC News. Web. 11 December. 2009. < http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/7972125.stm> </ref> Ọ bụ ezie na ọrụ a yiri ka ọ na-aga nke ọma, ọ na-ewepụta gọọmentị nnukwu nsogbu ego. Mgbanwe oke ala ubi na -achọ nnukwu ego maka ịtọgharị ndị ọrụ ugbo. Na mgbakwunye, iji kwụọ ndị ọrụ ugbo ụgwọ maka mfu ha nwetara na ọrụ ugbo, steeti agbaala mbọ inye ha mkpụrụ na ego maka ịkụ osisi na ahịhịa. Nke a na-ebute oke iwu nke yuan iri isii kwa mu nke amụma etiti. Ihe mgbagwoju anya ọzọ bụ enweghị afọ ojuju nke ndị ọrụ ugbo mgbe gọọmentị na-emezughị nkwekọrịta ya, ebe ọ bụ na gọọmentị ime obodo na-akwụkarị ụgwọ maka nrụpụta ya nke ọma, na-ebute nkwụghachi n'etiti yuan iri abụọ ruo iri ise, yana mgbakwunye mkpụrụ ọka narị atọ.  Ndị ọrụ ugbo na-erite uru na nkwụghachi ụgwọ nwa oge ga-adabere na enyemaka gọọmentị ozugbo arụchara ọrụ ịkụ osisi. <ref>McNally, Christopher A.. “Sichuan: Driving Capitalist Development Westward.” China’s Campaign to “Open Up the West”: National, Provincial-level and Local Perspectives. Ed. David S.G. Goodman. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004.128.</ref> tọn ọka puku iri asatọ, nde otu narị na puku iri ise na anọ na mbelata ego enyemaka na nde narị abụọ na iri isii na isii maka ịkpụ osisi n'ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ezinụlọ Puku narị asatọ na-arụ ọrụ ugbo nke etinyegoro na Shaanxi. <ref>Vermeer, Eduard B.. “Shaanxi: Building a Future on State Support.” China’s Campaign to “Open Up the West”: National, Provincial-level and Local Perspectives. Ed. David S.G. Goodman. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004.101.</ref> Ọ bụrụ na gọọmentị mpaghara ekpebie ịsọpụrụ nkwa ya ruo afọ ise ruo asatọ ọzọ, ọ ga-efu ngụkọta yuan ijeri iri na otu na ụma asaa na ọka na enyemaka ego. <ref>Vermeer, Eduard B.. “Shaanxi: Building a Future on State Support.” China’s Campaign to “Open Up the West”: National, Provincial-level and Local Perspectives. Ed. David S.G. Goodman. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004. 101.</ref> Ọnụ ego dị oke ọnụ na-eme ka arụrụ ọrụ nke gburugburu ebe obibi bụrụ ihe a na-enyo enyo. Ọzọkwa, ọ bụ ezie na a na-ekwusi ike banyere ọrụ gburugburu ebe obibi na mkpọsa ahụ, a kpachapụghị anya maka mmetụta nke mmịpụta kpụ ọkụ n'ọnụ, mmụba nke ọrụ ọkụ, nju mmiri, na ụgbọ njem na usoro ahịrị nnyefe, ha niile na -emepụta mmetụta ka njọ. gburugburu ebe mmemme gburugburu ebe obibi nwere ike kwụọ ụgwọ ya. <ref>Oakes, Tim. “Building a Southern Dynamo: Guizhou and State Power.” China’s Campaign to “Open Up the West”: National, Provincial-level and Local Perspectives. Ed. David S.G. Goodman. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004. 171.</ref> === Ọganihu ọhụrụ === * Ụzọ ụgbọ okporo ígwè nke Chongqing * Qingzang ụgbọ okporo ígwè, na -ejikọ Lhasa na Xining == Hụkwa == * Oke akụ na ụbaBohai * Mpaghara akụ na ụba nke Yangtze Delta * Ntughari mpaghara ugwu na ọwụwa anyanwụ China * [[Rise of Central China Plan|Ebili nke Etiti atụmatụ China]] * Akụ na ụba nke China * Mpaghara akụ na ụba trịangụlụ nke ndịda anyanwụ == Ebensidee ==  {{Reflist}} == Ịgụ n'ihu == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20051214002549/http://www.atimes.com/atimes/China_Business/GI15Cb01.html Asia Times Online: ụgbụ Asphalt na -ekpuchi ọdịda anyanwụ China] * [http://www.cambridge.org/catalogue/catalogue.asp?isbn=0521613493 Mgbasa Ozi nke China 'Imepe Ọdịda Anyanwụ'N'ọchịchị, Mpaghara na Mpaghara, ''Ihe Nkwupụta Pụrụ Iche nke Quarterly China (Nke 5)'', nke David SG Goodman deziri] == Njikọ mpụga == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20210624111504/http://www.cnwest.cc/ Mmepe Network ọdịda anyanwụ China] [[Òtù:Category:Mmepe Akụ na ụba nke China]] [[Òtù:Category:Edemede nwere asụsụ ọdịnaala China]] [[Òtù:Category:Edemede nwere asụsụ China dị mfe]] sxxipw91xpjnig0hnn7b7hpllrg6yj8 0 11038 727472 538165 2026-09-24T02:37:53Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727472 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Bianca Amato''' bụ ome ihe nkiri South African amaara maka ọrụ ya na ihe nkiri Amerika , nakwa ome ihe omume audiobook nakwa na ngosi nke na akọwa ya ka Philippa De Villiers na ngosipụta nke South African soap opera ''Isidingo'' . == Ọrụ == Amato bụ onye so na ndetu mbụ nke soap opera ''South Africa nke n'eme ogologo oge akpọrọ Isidingo'', na-egosi dị ka Philippa De Villiers site na 1998 ruo 2001. N'Ọrụ ahụ, "nwa agbọghọ Bekee mara mma nke ya na onye njikwa ebe mmịpụta ojii nwere mmekọrịta ịhụnanya", akpọwo ya "akụkọ nọ n'ikuku ma bụrụ nnukwu akụkọ na televishọn South Africa nke ọchịchị nchigbu bụ apartheid <ref name="Channel24 2009"/> usoro akụkọ kọwara nke a dị ka "ọnọdụ mmekọrịta nwoke na nwanyị mbụ nke egosiri na Televishion South Africa " <ref name="Broadway.com 2007">{{Cite web|url=http://www.broadway.com/buzz/6565/bianca-amato/|title=Interview with Bianca Amato|work=[[Broadway.com]]|first=Kathy|author=Henderson|date=4 January 2007|accessdate=7 December 2014}}</ref> N'ime ahụmahụ Amato kwuru, "Ọ bụ ihe magburu onwe ya isonye n'usoro a n'agaghi ngwa ma bụrụ nke nwere isi nke gbanwere àgwà ndị mmadụ." <ref name="Broadway.com 2007" /> Ọrụ ya na ''Isidingo'' nwetara Amato ihe Avante maka onye na-eme ihe nkiri kacha mma na usoro ihe onyonyo. <ref name="Channel24 2009" /> N'afọ 2002, e nyere Amato akwụkwọ ikike obibi bụ United States Permanent Resident Card dị ka onye kachasị dị ike pụrụ iche bụ"Alien of Extraordinary Ability" nke nka o wee kwaga United States. <ref name="Broadway.com 2007" /> Mgbe ọ pụtachara na ihe omume 2002 nke usoro HBO ''Sex and the City'', ọ rụrụ ọtụtụ ọrụ ndu na Guthrie Theatre na Minneapolis, Minnesota n'etiti afọ 2003 na afọ 2005. <ref name="Channel24 2009"/> <ref name="Broadway.com 2007" /> Malite afọ 2009 Amato egosịpụtala na ọtụtụ ihe omume onyonyo nke U.S . <ref name="Huntington Profile">{{Cite web|url=http://www.huntingtontheatre.org/artists/Bianca-Amato/|title=Profile: Bianca Amato|publisher=[[Huntington Theatre Company]]|accessdate=6 December 2014|archivedate=3 November 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211103234038/https://www.huntingtontheatre.org/artists/Bianca-Amato/}}</ref> <ref name="TV Guide Credits">{{Cite web|url=http://www.tvguide.com/celebrities/bianca-amato/credits/223021|title=Credits: Bianca Amato|work=[[TV Guide]]|accessdate=10 December 2014|archive-date=10 December 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141210053220/http://www.tvguide.com/celebrities/bianca-amato/credits/223021|url-status=dead}}</ref> Amato gosipụtara dị ka Delia Alexander n'afọ 2015 na PlayStation Network series ''powers'' . Amato pụtara na mmepụta Broadway nke Tom Stoppard nke Tony Award - mmeri atọ nke ihe omume ''The Coast of Utopia'' (2006 ruo 07), <ref name="Channel24 2009"/> <ref name="Playbill Coast">{{Cite web|url=http://www.playbillvault.com/Show/Detail/13764/The-Coast-of-Utopia|title=''The Coast of Utopia'' (2006)|work=[[Playbill]]|accessdate=6 December 2014|archivedate=29 November 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141129094235/http://www.playbillvault.com/Show/Detail/13764/The-Coast-of-Utopia}}</ref> yana 2013 ruo 2014 rivaival nke Broadway nke [[William Shakespeare|Shakespeare]] ''[[Macbeth]]'' . <ref name="Playbill Macbeth">{{Cite web|url=http://www.playbillvault.com/Show/Detail/14025/Macbeth|title=''Macbeth'' (2013)|work=Playbill|accessdate=6 December 2014|archivedate=27 December 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141227134249/http://www.playbillvault.com/Show/Detail/14025/Macbeth}}</ref> <ref name="Playbill Revivals 2013">{{Cite web|url=http://www.playbill.com/article/from-romeo-and-juliet-to-of-mice-and-men-a-look-at-the-2013-14-season-the-play-revivals-com-217350|title=From ''Romeo and Juliet'' to ''Of Mice and Men'', A Look at the 2013–14 Season: The Play Revivals (''Macbeth'')|work=Playbill|date=18 April 2014|accessdate=6 December 2014}}</ref> o lebekwara ọrụ nke Hannah Jarvis na Lady Croom n'afọ 2011 na rivaival Broadway nke ''Arcadia'' Stoppard. <ref name="Playbill Arcadia">{{Cite web|url=http://www.playbillvault.com/Show/Detail/13712/Arcadia|title=''Arcadia'' (2011)|work=Playbill|accessdate=6 December 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141224175656/http://www.playbillvault.com/Show/Detail/13712/Arcadia|archivedate=24 December 2014}}</ref> mpụga-Broadway, Amato apụtala na ngosipụta Bill Irwin bụ ''Mr. Fox: akpọrọ A Rumination'' na(2004), <ref name="Playbill Fox">{{Cite web|url=http://www.playbill.com/news/article/be-a-clown-bill-irwins-mr.-fox-a-rumination-conjures-forgotten-american-act-119019|title=Be a Clown: Bill Irwin's ''Mr. Fox: A Rumination'' Conjures Forgotten American Actor|work=Playbill|first=Kenneth|author=Jones|date=13 April 2004|accessdate=9 December 2014}}</ref> <ref name="TM Fox">{{Cite web|url=http://www.theatermania.com/new-york-city-theater/reviews/04-2004/mr-fox-a-rumination_4604.html|title=Reviews: ''Mr. Fox: A Rumination''|work=TheaterMania.com|first=David|author=Finkle|date=14 April 2004|accessdate=9 December 2014}}</ref> ma gosiputa dị ka Emma na ''Trumpery'' (2007). <ref name="NYT Trumpery">{{Cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2007/12/06/theater/reviews/06trum.html?ref=science|title=Don't Dillydally, Darwin, It's Survival of the Quickest|work=[[The New York Times]]|first=Charles|author=Isherwood|authorlink=Charles Isherwood|date=6 December 2007|accessdate=9 December 2014}}</ref> <ref name="BWW Trumpery">{{Cite web|url=http://www.broadwayworld.com/article/Parnells_Trumpery_World_Premiere_Tonight_at_Atlantic_20071114|title=Parnell's ''Trumpery'' World Premiere Tonight at Atlantic|date=14 November 2007|work=BroadwayWorld.com|accessdate=9 December 2014}}</ref> O mechara gosipụta dị ka Calantha na ''The Broken Heart'' na 2012, <ref name="AudioFile Amato">{{Cite web|url=http://www.audiofilemagazine.com/narrators/bianca-amato/|title=Narrator Profile: Bianca Amato|work=AudioFile|first=S. J.|author=Henschel|accessdate=8 December 2014}}</ref> <ref name="NYT Broken Heart">{{Cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2012/02/15/theater/reviews/in-the-broken-heart-tainted-love-onstage-at-the-duke.html|title=All Is Not Well in Gloomy Sparta, and You Can Bet It Won't End Well|work=The New York Times|first=Charles|author=Isherwood|date=14 February 2012|accessdate=9 December 2014}}</ref> <ref name="TM Broken Heart">{{Cite web|url=http://www.theatermania.com/new-york-city-theater/reviews/02-2012/the-broken-heart_50095.html|title=Reviews: ''The Broken Heart''|work=TheaterMania.com|first=Andy|author=Propst|authorlink=Andy Propst|date=15 February 2012|accessdate=9 December 2014}}</ref> wee rụọ ọrụ isi nke Olga Knipper na ''Neva'' na 2013. <ref name="NYT Neva">{{Cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2013/03/12/theater/reviews/neva-by-guillermo-calderon-at-the-public-theater.html|title=Self-Absorbed, With Chekhov as a Backdrop|work=The New York Times|first=Charles|author=Isherwood|date=11 March 2013|accessdate=9 December 2014}}</ref> <ref name="Playbill Neva">{{Cite web|url=http://www.playbill.com/news/article/bianca-amato-quincy-tyler-bernstine-and-luke-robertson-star-in-publics-202959|title=Bianca Amato, Quincy Tyler Bernstine and Luke Robertson Star in Public's ''Neva'', About Widow of Chekhov, Beginning March 1|work=Playbill|first=Andrew|author=Gans|date=1 March 2013|accessdate=9 December 2014}}</ref> Amato gosipụtakwa dị ka Amanda na mmepụta nke Noël Coward 's ''Private Lives'' nke Maria Aitken duziri, nke ngosipụta mbụ ya bụ na 2012 na Huntington Theater Company na Boston, <ref name="BG 2012">{{Cite web|url=https://www.bostonglobe.com/arts/theater-art/2012/05/31/noel-coward-private-lives-huntington-theatre-finds-diamond-sharp-production/Aegt03ao5ET787mwZpMJBO/story.html|title=In Noel Coward's ''Private Lives'', a diamond-sharp production|work=[[The Boston Globe]]|first=Don|author=Aucoin|date=1 June 2012|accessdate=8 December 2014}}</ref> <ref name="BU Today 2012">{{Cite web|url=http://www.bu.edu/today/2012/huntington’s-30th-season-closes-with-private-lives/|title=Huntington's 30th Season Closes with ''Private Lives''|work=[[BU Today]]|first=Susan|author=Seligson|date=30 May 2012|accessdate=8 December 2014}}</ref> ma omume ọzọ ya bụ na 2014 na Shakespeare Theater nke Company Lansburgh. Ụlọ ihe nkiri dị na Washington, DC <ref name="Playbill Private 1">{{Cite web|url=http://www.playbill.com/news/article/bianca-amato-and-james-waterston-will-star-in-noel-cowards-private-lives-at-218093|title=Bianca Amato and James Waterston Will Star in Noël Coward's ''Private Lives'' at Shakespeare Theatre Company|first=Carey|author=Purcell|work=Playbill|date=7 May 2014|accessdate=6 December 2014}}</ref> <ref name="Playbill Private 2">{{Cite web|url=http://www.playbill.com/news/article/bianca-amato-and-james-waterston-star-in-noel-cowards-private-lives-beginni-218786|title=Bianca Amato and James Waterston Star in Noël Coward's ''Private Lives'', Beginning May 29|first=Carey|author=Purcell|work=Playbill|date=29 May 2014|accessdate=6 December 2014}}</ref> <ref name="BWW Private 1">{{Cite web|url=http://www.broadwayworld.com/washington-dc/article/Shakespeare-Theatre-Company-to-Present-PRIVATE-LIVES-529-713-20140507|title=Bianca Amato and James Waterston Will Lead Shakespeare Theatre's ''Private Lives'', 5/29-7/13|work=BroadwayWorld.com|date=7 May 2014|accessdate=8 December 2014}}</ref> <ref name="BWW Private 2">{{Cite web|url=http://www.broadwayworld.com/washington-dc/article/BWW-Reviews-Shakespeare-Theatre-Companys-PRIVATE-LIVES-Offers-Delicious-Wit-and-Whimsy-20140615|title=BWW Reviews: Shakespeare Theatre Company's ''Private Lives'' Offers Delicious Wit and Whimsy|first=Heather|author=Nadolny|work=BroadwayWorld.com|date=15 June 2014|accessdate=8 December 2014}}</ref> Na 2014 ọ gosikwara dị ka Regan na Ụlọ ihe nkiri maka New Audience ''nke King Lear'' na New York. <ref name="Playbill Lear">{{Cite web|url=http://www.playbill.com/news/article/theatre-for-a-new-audience-will-present-king-lear-starring-michael-penningt-214727|title=Theatre for a New Audience Will Present ''King Lear'', Starring Michael Pennington, at Polonsky Shakespeare Center|work=Playbill|first=Carey|author=Purcell|date=10 February 2014|accessdate=6 December 2014}}</ref> <ref name="NYT Lear">{{Cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/03/28/theater/king-lear-with-michael-pennington-opens-in-brooklyn.html|title=Shakespeare Reimagined, Once Quietly, and Once Very Loud|work=The New York Times|first=Ben|author=Brantley|authorlink=Ben Brantley|date=27 March 2014|accessdate=6 December 2014}}</ref> <ref name="Eagle Lear">{{Cite web|url=http://www.brooklyneagle.com/articles/2014/3/27/heartbreak-house-theatre-new-audience-stages-harrowing-king-lear|title=Heartbreak House: Theatre for a New Audience stages a harrowing ''King Lear''|work=[[Brooklyn Daily Eagle]]|first=Lore|author=Croghan|accessdate=6 December 2014}}</ref> <ref name="NYDN Lear">{{Cite web|url=http://www.nydailynews.com/entertainment/music-arts/king-lear-theater-review-article-1.1735760|title=''King Lear'': Theater review|work=[[Daily News (New York)|Daily News]]|first=Joe|author=Dziemianowicz|date=27 March 2014|accessdate=6 December 2014}}</ref> <ref name="HP Lear">{{Cite web|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/david-finkle/first-nighter-arin-arbuss_b_5046735.html|title=First Nighter: Arin Arbus's ''King Lear'', David Herskovitz's ''Uriel Acosta''|work=[[HuffPost]]|first=David|author=Finkle|date=27 March 2014|accessdate=6 December 2014}}</ref> <ref name="Theatermania Lear">{{Cite web|url=http://www.theatermania.com/new-york-city-theater/reviews/03-2014/king-lear_68024.html|title=Theatre for a New Audience offers a solid entry in 2014's battle of the Lears|work=TheaterMania.com|first=Zachary|author=Stewart|date=27 March 2014|accessdate=6 December 2014}}</ref> Amato akọpụtala ihe karịrị akwụkwọ ọdịyo iri anọ, <ref name="Huntington Profile"/> tinyere ọtụtụ akwụkwọ akụkọ ihe mere eme na nhazi ''Cousins' War'' nke Philippa Gregory , na Charles Stross '2008 akwụkwọ akụkọ sayensị ''Saturn's Children dere'' . <ref name="AudioFile Amato" /> <ref name="Audio Saturn">{{Cite web|url=http://www.sffaudio.com/?p=17772|title=Review of ''Saturn's Children'' by Charles Stross|work=SFFaudio.com|first=Jesse|author=Willis|date=26 April 2010|accessdate=8 December 2014}}</ref> Ọ kwupụtakwara akwụkwọ akụkọ gothic ''2006 The Thirteenth Tale'' nke Diane Setterfield, <ref name="AF Thirteenth">{{Cite web|url=http://www.audiofilemagazine.com/reviews/read/27845/|title=Audiobook Review: ''The Thirteenth Tale'' (2007)|work=AudioFile|accessdate=8 December 2014}}</ref> nke n'eruola ogo nke mbụ na ndepụta <nowiki><i id="mwnQ">New York Times</i></nowiki> Best Seller na izu nke abụọ nke mbipụta ya. <ref name="NYT Best Thirteenth">{{Cite web|url=https://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F00F13FA3D540C7B8CDDA90994DE404482|title=Best Sellers: October 8, 2006|work=The New York Times|date=8 October 2006|accessdate=7 December 2014}}</ref> <ref name="AudioFile List">{{Cite web|url=http://www.audiofilemagazine.com/reviews/listing/?Narrator=Bianca%20Amato#title|title=Bianca Amato: Complete Audiography|work=AudioFile|accessdate=8 December 2014}}</ref> === Igwe onyonyo === {| class="wikitable" ! style="background:#D8BFD8;" |Afọ ! style="background:#D8BFD8;" | Ihe oru ngo ! style="background:#D8BFD8;" | Ọrụ ! style="background:#D8BFD8;" | Ihe ndetu ! style="background:#D8BFD8;" | Ref. |- | 1996 |The Adventures of Sinbad | Casendra | Ihe omume: "Obodo ahụ na-apụ n'anya" (oge 1) | <ref name="Huntington Profile"/> <ref name="TV Guide Credits"/> |- | 1997 |The Adventures of Sinbad | Shirez | Ihe omume: "Ali Rashid na ndị ohi" (oge 2) | <ref name="Huntington Profile" /> |- | 1998–2001 | ''Isidingo'' | Philippa De Villiers | Ihe nkedo izizi | <ref name="Channel24 2009"/> <ref name="Huntington Profile" /> |- | 1999 | ''Gegen den Wind'' | Jenny | Ihe omume: " Sprung ins Risiko " (Oge nke 4) | <ref name="Huntington Profile" /> |- | 2002 |Sex and the City | Julia Afton | Ihe omume: "Ọnọdụ Dị Mkpa" ( oge 5 ) | <ref name="Channel24 2009" /> <ref name="Huntington Profile" /> |- | 2009 |The Good Wife | Ellen Whitton | Ihe omume: "Adịghị njikere" ( oge 1 ) | <ref name="Huntington Profile" /> <ref name="TV Guide Credits" /> |- | 2010 |Blue Bloods | Cindy Perry | Ihe omume: "Megharịa" ( oge nke 1 ) | <ref name="Huntington Profile" /> <ref name="TV Guide Credits" /> |- | 2013 |The Big C | Susan Rand | (3) Ihe omume: "Ị pụghị iburu ya", "Ogo nke Ọnwụ", "Nke ikpeazụ" ( oge 4 ) | |- | 2013 |Unforgettable | Alison Sonnenland | Ihe omume: "Bigtime" ( season 2 ) | <ref name="TV Guide Credits" /> |- | 2014 |Alpha House | Senator Alice Graves | (2) Ihe omume: " Mpaghara obodo", "Bugged" ( oge 2 ) | |- | 2016 | ''Elementary'' | Elizabeth Resor | Ihe omume: " Folie à Deux " ( season 5 ) | |- | 2019 |Warrior | Nancy | Ihe omume: "Ọbara na Sh*t" (oge 1) | |- | 2019 |Our Girl | Ursula Tait | Ihe omume #4.12 (oge 4) | |} === Ihe nkiri === {| class="wikitable" ! style="background:#D8BFD8;" |Afọ ! style="background:#D8BFD8;" | Ihe oru ngo ! style="background:#D8BFD8;" | Ọrụ ! style="background:#D8BFD8;" | Ihe ndetu ! style="background:#D8BFD8;" | Ref. |- | 2020 |The Kissing Booth | Linda | | |} === Ụlọ ihe nkiri === {| class="wikitable" ! style="background:#D8BFD8;" |Year ! style="background:#D8BFD8;" |Production ! style="background:#D8BFD8;" |Role ! style="background:#D8BFD8;" |Notes ! style="background:#D8BFD8;" |{{abbr|Ref.|References}} |- |2003 |''Top Girls'' |Marlene |Guthrie Theater, Minneapolis, MN |<ref name="Channel24 2009"/><ref name="Broadway.com 2007" /><ref name="Huntington Profile"/> |- |2003 |''Pride and Prejudice'' |Elizabeth Bennet |Guthrie Theater, Minneapolis, MN |<ref name="Channel24 2009" /><ref name="Broadway.com 2007" /><ref name="Huntington Profile" /> |- |2004 |''Pygmalion'' |Eliza Doolittle |Guthrie Theater, Minneapolis, MN |<ref name="Channel24 2009" /><ref name="Broadway.com 2007" /><ref name="Huntington Profile" /> |- |2004 |''Mr. Fox: A Rumination'' |Columbine/Mattie/Young Woman/Maffitt |Signature Theatre Company (Peter Norton Space, Off-Broadway) |<ref name="Huntington Profile" /><ref name="Playbill Fox"/><ref name="TM Fox"/> |- |2005 |''As You Like It'' |Rosalind |Guthrie Theater, Minneapolis, MN |<ref name="Channel24 2009" /><ref name="Broadway.com 2007" /><ref name="Huntington Profile" /> |- |2006 |''The Importance of Being Earnest'' |Gwendolen Fairfax |Brooklyn Academy of Music (BAM Harvey Theater, Brooklyn, NY) |<ref name="BWW Private 1"/><ref name="NYT Earnest">{{Cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2006/04/21/theater/reviews/21earn.html|title=''Importance of Being Earnest'': Cucumber Sandwiches and Polite Society on a Skewer|work=The New York Times|first=Charles|author=Isherwood|date=21 April 2006|accessdate=15 December 2014}}</ref><ref name="BP Earnest">{{Cite web|url=http://www.brooklynpaper.com/stories/29/15/29_15importance.html|title=Serious Comedy: Hall and Redgrave Channel Oscar Wilde With New ''Earnest'' SERIOUS COMEDY|work=[[The Brooklyn Paper]]|first=Kevin|author=Filipski|date=15 April 2006|accessdate=15 December 2014}}</ref><ref name="Playbill Earnest">{{Cite web|url=http://www.playbill.com/news/article/cast-set-for-peter-hall-importance-of-being-earnest-at-bam-131466|title=Cast Set for Peter Hall ''Importance of Being Earnest'' at BAM|work=Playbill|first=Robert|author=Simonson|date=17 March 2006|accessdate=15 December 2014}}</ref> |- |2006–07 |''The Coast of Utopia'' (Part 1: ''Voyage'') |Miss Chamberlain |Vivian Beaumont Theater (Broadway) |<ref name="Channel24 2009" /><ref name="Broadway.com 2007" /><ref name="Playbill Coast"/> |- |2006–07 |''The Coast of Utopia'' (Part 2: ''Shipwreck'') |Emma Herwegh |Vivian Beaumont Theater (Broadway) |<ref name="Channel24 2009" /><ref name="Playbill Coast" /> |- |2007 |''The Coast of Utopia'' (Part 3: ''Salvage'') |Joanna Kinkel |Vivian Beaumont Theater (Broadway) |<ref name="Channel24 2009" /><ref name="Broadway.com 2007" /><ref name="Playbill Coast" /> |- |2007 |''Trumpery'' |Emma |Atlantic Theater Company (Linda Gross Theater, Off-Broadway) |<ref name="Huntington Profile" /><ref name="NYT Trumpery"/><ref name="BWW Trumpery"/> |- |2010 |''A Midsummer Night's Dream'' |Titania/Hippolyta |Pittsburgh Public Theater (O'Reilly Theater, Pittsburgh, PA) |<ref name="Pittsburgh Post-Gazette 2010">{{Cite web|url=http://www.post-gazette.com/ae/theater-dance/2010/01/21/Public-Theater-takes-the-production-up-a-notch-for-A-Midsummer-Night-s-Dream/stories/201001210518|title=Public Theater takes the production up a notch for ''A Midsummer Night's Dream''|work=[[Pittsburgh Post-Gazette]]|first=Bob|author=Hoover|date=21 January 2010|accessdate=9 January 2015}}</ref> |- |2010 |''The Taming of the Shrew'' |Katharina |Chicago Shakespeare Theater (Courtyard Theater, Chicago, IL) |<ref name="Playbill Shrew">{{Cite web|url=http://www.playbill.com/news/article/labute-pens-new-prologue-for-chicago-taming-of-the-shrew-166705|title=LaBute Pens New Prologue for Chicago ''Taming of the Shrew''|work=Playbill|first=Kenneth|author=Jones|date=11 March 2010|accessdate=9 January 2015}}</ref> |- |2012 |''The Broken Heart'' |Calantha |Theatre for a New Audience (The Duke on 42nd Street, Off-Broadway) |<ref name="Huntington Profile" /><ref name="Broadway.com 2007" /><ref name="NYT Broken Heart"/><ref name="TM Broken Heart"/> |- |2012 |''Private Lives'' |Amanda |Huntington Theatre Company (Boston, MA); Elliot Norton Award; IRNE Award nomination |<ref name="BG 2012"/><ref name="BU Today 2012"/><ref name="Playbill Norton 2013">{{Cite web|url=http://www.playbill.com/news/article/pippin-glass-menagerie-andrea-martin-john-tiffany-and-will-lyman-are-elliot-205355|title=Pippin, Glass Menagerie, Andrea Martin, John Tiffany and Will Lyman Are Elliot Norton Award Winners|work=Playbill|first=Adam|author=Hetrick|date=13 May 2013|accessdate=10 December 2014}}</ref><ref name="BWW IRNE 2013">{{Cite web|url=http://www.broadwayworld.com/boston/article/2013-Independent-Reviewers-of-New-England-Award-Nominees-Announced-20130218|title=2013 Independent Reviewers of New England Award Nominees Announced!|work=BroadwayWorld.com|date=18 February 2013|accessdate=17 December 2014}}</ref><ref name="Huntington IRNE 2013">{{Cite web|url=http://www.huntingtontheatre.org/mobile/Blog/?depth=2&srcid=5120|title=2013 IRNE Award Nominations|publisher=Huntington Theatre Company|year=2013|accessdate=16 December 2014|archivedate=24 September 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924031923/http://www.huntingtontheatre.org/mobile/Blog/?depth=2&srcid=5120}}</ref> |- |2013 |''Neva'' |Olga Knipper |Joseph Papp Public Theater (Anspacher Theater, Off-Broadway) |<ref name="NYT Neva"/><ref name="Playbill Neva"/> |- |2013–14 |''[[Macbeth]]'' |Lady Macduff |Vivian Beaumont Theater (Broadway) |<ref name="Playbill Macbeth"/><ref name="Playbill Revivals 2013"/> |- |2014 |''King Lear'' |Regan |Theatre for a New Audience (Polonsky Shakespeare Center, Brooklyn, NY) |<ref name="Playbill Lear"/><ref name="NYT Lear"/><ref name="Eagle Lear"/><ref name="NYDN Lear"/><ref name="HP Lear"/><ref name="Theatermania Lear"/> |- |2014 |''Private Lives'' |Amanda |Shakespeare Theatre Company (Lansburgh Theatre, Washington, D. C.); Emery Battis Award |<ref name="Playbill Private 1"/><ref name="Playbill Private 2"/><ref name="BWW Private 1" /><ref name="BWW Private 2"/><ref name="BWW Emery Battis 2014">{{Cite web|url=http://www.broadwayworld.com/washington-dc/article/Bianca-Amato-Matthew-Amendt-Receive-Shakespeare-Theatre-Companys-Emery-Battis-Award-20141104|title=Bianca Amato & Matthew Amendt Receive Shakespeare Theatre Company's Emery Battis Award|work=BroadwayWorld.com|date=4 November 2014|accessdate=9 December 2014}}</ref> |- |2014 |''Shakespeare at Fenway'' |Beatrice/''Much Ado About Nothing'' |Commonwealth Shakespeare Company (Fenway Park, Boston, MA) |<ref name="BWW Fenway">{{Cite web|url=http://www.broadwayworld.com/boston/article/BWW-Reviews-All-Star-Roster-Brings-the-Bard-to-Fenway-Park-20140920|title=BWW Reviews: All-Star Roster Brings the Bard to Fenway Park|work=BroadwayWorld.com|first=Nancy|author=Grossman|date=20 September 2014|accessdate=6 December 2014}}</ref> |- |2016 |''Stupid Fucking Bird'' |Emma Arkadina (''The Seagull'') |Pearl Theatre, Manhattan |<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/03/29/theater/review-stupid-bird-is-chekhov-for-the-21st-century.html|title=Review: ''Stupid _____ Bird'' Is Chekhov for the 21st Century|first=Charles|author=Isherwood|work=The New York Times|date=28 March 2016|accessdate=25 August 2016}}</ref> |} {| class="wikitable" ! style="background:#D8BFD8;" |Year ! style="background:#D8BFD8;" |Title ! style="background:#D8BFD8;" |Author ! style="background:#D8BFD8;" |Notes ! style="background:#D8BFD8;" |{{abbr|Ref.|References}} |- |2004 |''The Queen's Fool'' |Philippa Gregory |Novel originally printed in 2003 |<ref name="AF Fool">{{Cite web|url=http://www.audiofilemagazine.com/reviews/read/23978/|title=Audiobook Review: ''The Queen's Fool'' (2004)|work=[[AudioFile (magazine)|AudioFile]]|accessdate=8 December 2014}}</ref> |- |2006 |''Listening for Lions'' |Gloria Whelan |''AudioFile'' Earphones Award, Audie Award; Novel originally printed in 2005 |<ref name="AudioFile Amato" /><ref name="AF Lions">{{Cite web|url=http://www.audiofilemagazine.com/reviews/read/26969/|title=Audiobook Review: ''Listening for Lions'' (2006)|work=AudioFile|accessdate=8 December 2014}}</ref> |- |2006 |''The Boleyn Inheritance'' |Philippa Gregory |Abridged (2006) and unabridged (2011) versions |<ref name="Broadway.com 2007" /><ref name="AF Inheritance Abridged">{{Cite web|url=http://www.audiofilemagazine.com/reviews/read/29033/|title=Audiobook Review: ''The Boleyn Inheritance'' (Abridged/2006)|work=AudioFile|accessdate=8 December 2014}}</ref><ref name="AF Inheritance Unabridged">{{Cite web|url=http://www.audiofilemagazine.com/reviews/read/29032/|title=Audiobook Review: ''The Boleyn Inheritance'' (Unabridged/2011)|work=AudioFile|accessdate=8 December 2014}}</ref> |- |2007 |''The Thirteenth Tale'' |Diane Setterfield |Novel originally printed in 2006 |<ref name="Broadway.com 2007" /><ref name="AF Thirteenth" /> |- |2008 |''The Other Queen'' |Philippa Gregory |Abridged version |<ref name="AF Other Queen">{{Cite web|url=http://www.audiofilemagazine.com/reviews/read/38969/|title=Audiobook Review: ''The Other Queen'' (2008)|work=AudioFile|accessdate=8 December 2014}}</ref> |- |2009 |''Saturn's Children'' |Charles Stross |Novel originally printed in 2008 |<ref name="Audio Saturn" /> |- |2009 |''The White Queen'' |Philippa Gregory |Abridged version |<ref name="AF White Queen">{{Cite web|url=http://www.audiofilemagazine.com/reviews/read/49155/|title=Audiobook Review: ''The White Queen'' (Abridged/2009)|work=AudioFile|accessdate=8 December 2014}}</ref> |- |2009 |''Her Fearful Symmetry'' |Audrey Niffenegger | |<ref name="AF Symmetry">{{Cite web|url=http://www.audiofilemagazine.com/reviews/read/49153/|title=Audiobook Review: ''Her Fearful Symmetry'' (2009)|work=AudioFile|accessdate=8 December 2014}}</ref> |- |2009 |''The Secret Diaries of Charlotte Brontë'' |Syrie James |''AudioFile'' Earphones Award, Audie Award |<ref name="AudioFile Amato" /><ref name="AF Diaries">{{Cite web|url=http://www.audiofilemagazine.com/reviews/read/63994/|title=Audiobook Review: ''The Secret Diaries of Charlotte Brontë'' (2009)|work=AudioFile|accessdate=8 December 2014}}</ref> |- |2010 |''The Red Queen'' |Philippa Gregory |''AudioFile'' Earphones Award |<ref name="AF Red Queen">{{Cite web|url=http://www.audiofilemagazine.com/reviews/read/58428/|title=Audiobook Review: ''The Red Queen'' (2010)|work=AudioFile|accessdate=8 December 2014}}</ref> |- |2010 |''Dracula in Love'' |Karen Essex |''AudioFile'' Earphones Award |<ref name="AudioFile Amato" /><ref name="AF Dracula">{{Cite web|url=http://www.audiofilemagazine.com/reviews/read/59323/|title=Audiobook Review: ''Dracula in Love'' (2010)|work=AudioFile|accessdate=8 December 2014}}</ref> |- |2011 |''The Lady of the Rivers'' |Philippa Gregory |''AudioFile'' Earphones Award |<ref name="AF Rivers">{{Cite web|url=http://www.audiofilemagazine.com/reviews/read/67809/|title=Audiobook Review: ''The Lady of the Rivers'' (2011)|work=AudioFile|accessdate=8 December 2014}}</ref> |- |2011 |''The Women of the Cousins' War'' |Philippa Gregory <br /><br /> David Baldwin <br /><br /> Michael Jones |Non-fiction |<ref name="AF Cousins' War">{{Cite web|url=http://www.audiofilemagazine.com/reviews/read/67843/|title=Audiobook Review: ''The Women of the Cousins' War'' (2011)|work=AudioFile|accessdate=8 December 2014}}</ref> |- |2011 |''Cocktail Hour Under the Tree of Forgetfulness'' |Alexandra Fuller | |<ref name="AudioFile Amato" /><ref name="AF Cocktail Hour">{{Cite web|url=http://www.audiofilemagazine.com/reviews/read/68886/|title=Audiobook Review: ''Cocktail Hour Under the Tree of Forgetfulness'' (2011)|work=AudioFile|accessdate=8 December 2014}}</ref> |- |2012 |''The Kingmaker's Daughter'' |Philippa Gregory |''AudioFile'' Earphones Award |<ref name="AF Kingmaker's Daughter">{{Cite web|url=http://www.audiofilemagazine.com/reviews/read/70895/|title=Audiobook Review: ''The Kingmaker's Daughter'' (2012)|work=AudioFile|accessdate=8 December 2014}}</ref> |- |2013 |''The White Princess'' |Philippa Gregory |''AudioFile'' Earphones Award |<ref name="AF White Princess">{{Cite web|url=http://www.audiofilemagazine.com/reviews/read/83792/|title=Audiobook Review: ''The White Princess'' (2013)|work=AudioFile|accessdate=8 December 2014}}</ref> |- |2014 |''The King's Curse'' |Philippa Gregory |''AudioFile'' Earphones Award |<ref name="AF King's Curse">{{Cite web|url=http://www.audiofilemagazine.com/reviews/read/94027/|title=Audiobook Review: ''The King's Curse'' (2014)|work=AudioFile|accessdate=8 December 2014}}</ref> |- |2015 |''The Taming of the Queen'' |Philippa Gregory |''AudioFile'' Earphones Award |<ref name="AF Taming">{{Cite web|url=http://www.audiofilemagazine.com/reviews/read/104176/the-taming-of-the-queen-by-philippa-gregory/|title=Audiobook Review: ''The Taming of the Queen'' (2015)|work=AudioFile|accessdate=15 June 2017}}</ref> |- |2016 |''Three Sisters, Three Queens'' |Philippa Gregory | |<ref name="AF Three">{{Cite web|url=http://www.audiofilemagazine.com/reviews/read/117859/three-sisters-three-queens-by-philippa-gregory/|title=Audiobook Review: ''Three Sisters, Three Queens'' (2016)|work=AudioFile|accessdate=15 June 2017}}</ref> |} === Otuto === Charles Isherwood nke ''New York Times'' dere na nyocha ya nke afọ 2012 ''The Broken Heart'' na "Amato na-egosipụta ịdị ebube nke agbara nwanyị dị ka Calantha", <ref name="NYT Broken Heart"/> na Andy Propst nke Ụlọ ihe nkiriMania kwuru na "ndị na-ege ntị ga-enwekwa mmasị na Amato n'akpali mmụọ kwa mgbe kwa mgbe dị ka ndị Adaeze Spartan ." <ref name="TM Broken Heart"/> Na 2013 Isherwood kpọrọ ihe ndetu nke ''Neva'' dị ka ihe dị egwu ma"dịkwa mma nke ukwuu", wee detuo na Amato ka "na eji mmasị ndị mmadụ site na mmalite oge" n'ide nke, ọ "na-ejikwa mee ka onwe Olga na-eme ihe nkiri akụkọ ihe mere eme na-atọ ọchị, ma na-enwekwa ezigbo batiri uru." <ref name="NYT Neva"/> Na 2012 ''The Boston Globe'' kpọrọ Amato na yana costar James Waterston "dịka vndi zuru oke na ọrụ ha dị ka Amanda na Elyot na ''Private Lives'', MA na-eto ụzọ ha "style, d, na sizzling kemist ha." <ref name="BG 2012"/> Nyocha ahụ gara n'ihu na-ekwu na "Amato na-egosipụta onye ọchịchị, onye nwe obodo - ọ nwere ike ịkpa ọchị n'otu mkpụrụ okwu , dị ka 'inveterate' - mana ọ nwekwara nkà na ihe nkiri ." <ref name="BG 2012" /> BroadwayWorld.com kpọrọ Amato na Waterston gosipụtara"otu ụzọ na-enweghị atụ" na 2014, na-agbakwụnye na "Amato bụ ihe onye na- agbogwoju anya,na ngosipụ̀ta àgwà nke na-adịghị mma maka oge ya, ma ọ bụ ihe na-atọ ụtọ ikiri." <ref name="BWW Private 2"/> Ben Brantley nke ''New York Times'' akpọrọ Ihe omume Amato nke afo 2014 arụmọrụ na ''King Lear'' "dị oke mma", <ref name="NYT Lear"/> na ''Brooklyn Daily Eagle'' akpọrọ ya Regan "nke ndọbata dị ñarī. <ref name="Eagle Lear"/> Joe Dziemianowicz nke ''New York Daily News'' dere maka ihe omume ahụ na "dị ka Regan amụrụ nke ugboro abụọ, okwu Bianca Amato na okwu ahụ ya iwe na okwu ahụ na-atụ aro ka nwanyị na-erubere anya ya na nleghara anya n'etiti ụmụaka. Ọ bụ Jan Brady na uwe oge." <ref name="NYDN Lear"/> Amato ritere ihe nrite awọd nke Vita nke onye ọhụụ kacha mma bụ Award for Best Newcomer maka ''Under Milk Wood'' and the Fleur du Cap Theater Award maka omee kacha mma na nkwado ''Greek'', ha abụọ ka egosipụtara na Baxter Theater nke Cape Town, South Africa. Ngosipụta ya dị ka Philippa De Villiers na ''Isidingo'' nwetara ya Avante maka onye na-eme ihe nkiri kacha mma na nhazi telivishọn yana ihe nrite Duku Duku maka onye na-eme ihe nkiri South Africa kacha ewu ewu. <ref name="Channel24 2009"/> O mechara nweta ihe nrite ''Star Tribune'' maka ngosipụta kacha mma nke 2004 maka igosipụta dị ka Eliza Doolittle na ''Pygmalion'' na Guthrie Theatre na Minneapolis, Minnesota. <ref name="Channel24 2009" /> Ọrụ ngosipụta ya na ''in Private lives'' nwetara ya ihe nrite awọd ụ Elliot Norton maka onye na-eme ihe nkiri pụtara ìhè na 2013, <ref name="Playbill Norton 2013"/> na onyinye awọd Emery Battis nke Shakespeare Theater Company n'afọ 2014. <ref name="BWW Emery Battis 2014"/> A họpụtara Amato maka onyinye Ome ihe nkiri kacha mma na 2013 nke IRNE Award maka ihe ngosi ''Private Lives'' . <ref name="BWW IRNE 2013"/> <ref name="Huntington IRNE 2013"/> Amato enwetala ihe nrite ''AudioFile'' Earphones iteghete na Audie Awards abụọ maka omume akwụkwọ ọdịyo ya. <ref name="AudioFile List"/> <ref name="AF Lions"/> <ref name="AF Diaries"/> == Ndụ onwe onye == A mụrụ Amato na Cape Town, South Africa. <ref name="Broadway.com 2007" /> Ada nke "nne na nna na-arụsi ọrụ ike na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị", ọ "tolitere nke ọma ma mara maka'mkpagbu miri emi' nke ịkpa ókè agbụrụ ", na mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na ụma ọ bụ onye otu òtù nke a na-akpọ Pupils Awareness and Action Group. <ref name="Broadway.com 2007" /> Amato gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Mahadum Cape Town . <ref name="Channel24 2009">{{Cite web|url=http://www.channel24.co.za/Gossip/Bianca-Amato-is-an-alien-of-extraordinary-ability-20090324-2|title=Bianca Amato is an alien of extraordinary ability|work=Channel24.co.za|date=24 March 2009|accessdate=6 December 2014}}</ref> <ref name="Huntington Profile"/> == Nrụtụaka ==   == Njikọ mpụga == * {{IMDb name|2721016|Bianca Amato}} * Bianca Amato at the Internet Broadway Database * Bianca Amato at the Internet Off-Broadway Database {{DEFAULTSORT:Amato, Bianca}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] poci62ktyxft6vaqdtdmr051xack780 0 11575 727487 443115 2026-09-24T03:15:17Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727487 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Blessing Igbojionu''' {{Audio|Ig-Blessing Igbojionu.ogg|Audio}} (amuru 26 Septemba n'afo otu puku narị iteghete na iri asatọ na abụọ) ọ bụ nwanyi n'iru n'ihu [[Footbọl|n'egwuregwu bọọlụ]] Naijiria . Ọ so na otu egwuregwu bọọlụ ụmụ nwanyị Naịjirịa na asọmpi Olimpiks Summer n'afọ pụkụ abụọ na anọ . Na ọkwa klọb ọ gbara maka Pelican Stars . <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.fifa.com/tournaments/archive/womensolympic/athens2004/teams/team=1882893/index.html|title=Olympic Women's Football Tournaments Athens 2004 – Squad List: Nigeria (NGR)|publisher=[[FIFA]]|accessdate=2 October 2015|archive-date=7 September 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907181945/http://www.fifa.com/tournaments/archive/womensolympic/athens2004/teams/team=1882893/index.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Hụkwa == * Nigeria na asọmpi olimpik nke afọ pụkụ abụọ na anọ. == Edensibia == == Njikọ mpụga == {{DEFAULTSORT:Igbojionu, Blessing}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] ne4uumnxciurh48krx4monik89g0a14 0 11578 727527 580293 2026-09-24T05:46:08Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727527 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Celestina Onyeka''' {{Audio|Ig-Celestina Onyeka.ogg|Audio}} (a mụrụ na 15 Julaị 1984) ) bu nwanyi onye Naijiria na-agbachitere ha bọọlụ. O so n'egwuregwu bọọlụ ụmụ nwanyị Naịjirịa na asọmpi na 2004 Olimpiks Summer Na ọkwa klọb, ọ gbara ndị Pelican Stars . <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.fifa.com/tournaments/archive/womensolympic/athens2004/teams/team=1882893/index.html|title=Olympic Women's Football Tournaments Athens 2004 – Squad List: Nigeria (NGR)|publisher=[[FIFA]]|accessdate=2 October 2015|archive-date=7 September 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907181945/http://www.fifa.com/tournaments/archive/womensolympic/athens2004/teams/team=1882893/index.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Hụkwa == * Nigeria na asọmpi olimpik nke afọ 2004 == Edensibịa == {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Onyeka, Celestina}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] h1fcq9o7n6b73xfpn91d51zmp7i4oxr 0 12101 727558 720728 2026-09-24T08:20:55Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727558 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Usòrò:Claudia Alexander.jpg|thumb]] '''Claudia Joan Alexander''' (Mee 30, 1959 - Julaị 11, 2015) bụ onye ọkà mmụta sayensị America mụrụ na Canada ọkachamara na geophysics na sayensị mbara ụwa . <ref name="Woo2">{{Cite news|author=Woo|first=Elaine|date=17 July 2015|title=Claudia Alexander dies at 56; JPL researcher oversaw Galileo, Rosetta missions|work=[[Los Angeles Times]]|url=http://www.latimes.com/local/obituaries/la-me-0719-claudia-alexander-20150718-story.html|accessdate=21 July 2015}}</ref> <ref name="Roberts2">{{Cite news|author=Roberts|first=Sam|date=19 July 2015|title=Claudia Alexander, NASA Manager Who Led Jupiter Mission, Dies at 56|work=[[The New York Times]]|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/07/20/us/claudia-alexander-nasa-manager-who-led-jupiter-mission-dies-at-56.html|accessdate=21 July 2015}}</ref> Ọ rụrụ ọrụ na United States Geological Survey na NASA 's Jet Propulsion Laboratory . Ọ bụ onye njikwa ọrụ ikpeazụ nke ọrụ <nowiki><i id="mwEw">Galileo</i></nowiki> nke NASA na Jupiter <ref name="David">{{Cite news|author=David|first=Leonard|title=Journey's End: Last Gasp for Galileo|url=http://www.space.com/scienceastronomy/galileo_finale_030921.html|accessdate=21 July 2015|publisher=[[SPACE.com]]|date=21 September 2003}}</ref> na ruo oge ọnwụ ya rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye njikwa oru ngo na ọkà mmụta sayensị nke ọrụ NASA na ozi <nowiki><i id="mwGQ">Rosetta</i></nowiki> nke Europe na-edu iji mụọ Comet Churyumov–Gerasimenko . <ref name="Woo2" /> == Ndụ mbido == A mụrụ Alexander na Vancouver, British Columbia, [[Kánada|Canada]] . Nne ya bụ Gaynelle Justena Williams Alexander (1929-2017), onye na-agụ akwụkwọ ụlọ ọrụ maka Intel ; nna ya bụ Harold Alfred Alexander (1917-2010), onye na-elekọta mmadụ. Ụmụnne Alexander bụ Suzanne na David. Alexander zụrụ nne ya na Santa Clara, California . <ref name="findagrave_alexander2">{{Cite web|title=Dr. Claudia Joan Alexander|url=https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/149246069/claudia-joan-alexander|publisher=[[Find a Grave]]|accessdate=August 13, 2019}}</ref> Alexander chọrọ ịbụ onye nta akụkọ ma ndị mụrụ ya—ndị na-akwụ ụgwọ maka agụmakwụkwọ ya—chọrọ ka ọ bụrụ injinia. <ref name="Woo2" /> Mgbe ọrụ okpomọkụ gasịrị na Ames Research Center, ọ nwere mmasị na sayensị mbara ala. Ọ bụ ezie na e goro ya ịrụ ọrụ na ngalaba injinia, ọ na-ezoba na ngalaba sayensị bụ́ ebe ọ chọpụtara na ọ bụghị nanị na ọ mara ezigbo mma n’ọrụ ahụ, kama na ọ dị ya mfe ma na-atọ ya ụtọ karịa ka ọ tụrụ anya ya. <ref name="AWG">Association for Women Geoscientists [https://web.archive.org/web/20171030143159/http://www.awg.org/claudiaa profile of Alexander]</ref> == Agụmakwụkwọ ya == Na 1983, Alexander nwetara nzere bachelọ na Mahadum California, Berkeley na geophysics, <ref name="AWG"/> nke o chere na ọ ga-abụ ezigbo ndabere maka onye sayensị ụwa. <ref name="AWG" /> Alexander nwetara nzere Master ya na Mahadum California, Los Angeles na geophysics na mbara physics na 1985. <ref name="AWG" /> Tesis nke nna ukwu ya jiri data Pioneer Venus Orbiter mụọ mgbanwe okirikiri anyanwụ na oke ultraviolet radieshon nke Venus ionosphere na mmekọrịta ya na ikuku anyanwụ . <ref name="Lyons2">{{Cite news|author=Lyons|first=Allison|date=13 July 2015|title=In memoriam: Claudia Alexander|publisher=[[University of Michigan]]|url=https://news.engin.umich.edu/2015/07/in-memoriam-claudia-alexander/|accessdate=9 January 2018|archive-date=16 June 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190616121633/https://news.engin.umich.edu/2015/07/in-memoriam-claudia-alexander/|url-status=dead}}</ref> O nwetara Ph.D. na Atmospheric, Oceanic na Space Sciences, <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://rosetta.jpl.nasa.gov/news/claudia-alexander-project-manager-and-project-scientist|title=Claudia Alexander: Project Manager and Project Scientist {{!}} Rosetta|work=rosetta.jpl.nasa.gov|language=en|accessdate=2017-10-10|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190422083730/https://rosetta.jpl.nasa.gov/news/claudia-alexander-project-manager-and-project-scientist|archivedate=2019-04-22}}</ref> ọkachamara na physics nke oghere plasma, na Mahadum Michigan na 1993. <ref name="AWG" /> <ref name="ucar">{{Cite web|title=Dr. Claudia J. Alexander|url=http://www.windows2universe.org/bio/claudia_bio.html|work=Windows to the Universe|publisher=University Corporation for Atmospheric Research|accessdate=21 July 2015}}</ref> == Ọrụ ya == Alexander rụrụ ọrụ na United States Geological Survey na-amụ tectonics plate na Ames Research Center na- ekiri ọnwa Jovian, tupu ọ kwaga NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory na 1986. <ref name="Woo2" /> Ọ rụrụ ọrụ dịka onye nhazi sayensị maka akụrụngwa ebili mmiri plasma n'ime ụgbọ mbara igwe Galileo <ref name="post-gazette">[[Pittsburgh Post-Gazette]] online, ''[https://web.archive.org/web/20110629003427/http://www.post-gazette.com/pg/05052/461318.stm Scientist keeps an eye on comets]'' by Dan Malerbo</ref> tupu ọ bụrụ onye njikwa ọrụ nke ozi ahụ na ngalaba ikpeazụ ya. <ref name="Woo2" /> Ọrụ ahụ chọpụtara ọnwa ọhụrụ 21 nke Jupita na ọnụnọ ikuku na Ganymede . <ref name=":1">{{Cite news|url=https://www.space.com/30006-claudia-alexander-nasa-jupiter-mission-obituary.html|title=Claudia Alexander, Beloved NASA Project Scientist, Dies at 56|work=[[Space.com]]|accessdate=2017-10-10}}</ref> Nchọpụta nke ikuku, kpọmkwem "n'elu bound exosphere ", mere ka ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị chegharịa echiche ha na Ganymede bụ ọnwa anaghị arụ ọrụ. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://solarsystem.nasa.gov/people/alexanderc|title=Claudia Alexander {{!}} People - NASA Solar System Exploration|work=NASA Solar System Exploration|accessdate=2017-10-10}}</ref> Ọ bụ onye njikwa ọrụ ikpeazụ maka ozi ahụ, wee leba anya na imikpu ụgbọ elu ahụ banye n'ikuku Jupita na njedebe ozi ahụ na 2003. <ref name="Woo2" /> Alexander rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye na-eme nchọpụta na isiokwu dị iche iche, gụnyere evolushọn na ime physics nke comets, Jupiter na ọnwa ya, magnetospheres, plate tectonics, oghere plasma, nkwụsị na mgbasa nke anyanwụ na ifufe, na mbara ala Venus. Ya na ndị otu ọrụ ahụ rụkwara ọrụ dịka onye nhazi sayensị na ozi Cassini na Saturn. O dere ma dekọọ akwụkwọ iri na anọ. Ọ bụ onye nkwado siri ike maka ụmụ nwanyị na ndị pere mpe na mpaghara STEM na onye na-akpakọrịta sayensị na-anụ ọkụ n'obi. <ref name="Woo2" /> <ref name="Woo2" /> N'April afọ nke 2015, o gosipụtara okwu TEDx na Columbia College Chicago, "The Compelling Nature of Locomotion and the Strange Case of Childhood Education", na-akọwa ụzọ ya maka ịkụziri ụmụaka banyere sayensị. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ted.com/tedx/events/13842|title=TEDxColumbiaCollegeChicago {{!}} TED|work=www.ted.com|language=en|accessdate=2017-10-10}}</ref> Ọ kụzikwaara ndị na-eto eto, karịsịa ụmụ agbọghọ nwere agba, ka ha gbaa mmasị ha nwere maka sayensị. <ref name="Woo2" /> Site n'afọ 2000 ruo mgbe ọ nwụrụ, Alexander jere ozi dị ka onye ọkà mmụta sayensị na-ahụ maka ọrụ NASA na Rosetta, ọrụ European Space Agency na-amụ na ọdịda na comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko. <ref name="Woo2" /> <ref name="Woo2" /> Na ozi ahụ ọ bụ onye na-ahụ maka ngwá ọrụ $35 nde, na-anakọta data dị ka okpomọkụ <ref name="Woo2" /> site na ngwa atọ dị na orbiter. Ọ na-ahụkwa maka nsochi na nkwado ịnyagharị site na NASA's Deep Space Network maka ụgbọ elu ahụ. <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.latimes.com/science/la-sci-c1-rosetta-alexander-20141110-story.html#page=1|title=For Rosetta mission's scientists, the thrill is in the comet chase|author=Netburn|first=Deborah|date=2014-11-10|work=[[Los Angeles Times]]|accessdate=2017-10-10|language=en-US}}</ref> == Ndụ onwe == Na mgbakwunye na ọrụ sayensị ya, Alexander nwere mmasị ide ihe. O dere akwụkwọ ụmụaka, gụnyere ụfọdụ n'ime usoro "Windows to Adventure", "Olee n'ime Ugwu Kasị Ukwuu nke Niile?" na "Windows ruo Morning Star". Ọ dekwara akụkọ ifo sayensị ma bụrụ onye otu ndị edemede Romance nke America . <ref name="Woo2" /> <ref name="Woo2" /> O ji nka ide ya tinye aka na mmasị ya ọzọ, tenis, ide maka blọgụ tennis Bleacher Report . <ref name="Woo2" /> Ime njem na ịnya ịnyịnya na-atọkwa ya ụtọ. <ref name="Woo2" /> Na July 11, 2015, Alexander nwụrụ na Arcadia, California mgbe ọ lụsịrị ọrịa cancer afọ 10 afọ. <ref name="Roberts2" /> <ref name="Woo2" /> <ref name="Woo2" /> Akpọrọ ya ọnụ na Oak Hill Memorial Park na San Jose, California. <ref name="Woo2" /> == Ihe nrite na nkwanye ugwu == N'afọ ọ gụchara akwụkwọ na Mahadum Michigan, a kpọrọ ya "UM Woman of the Year in Human Relations", na 2002 ọ nwetara ihe nrite nke Atmospheric, Oceanic na Space Sciences Alumni Merit. <ref name="Woo2" /> Na afọ 2003, Alexander nwetara ''Emerald Honor for Women of Color in Research & Engineering'' site Career Communications Group, Inc.-onye na-ebipụta Onye injinia ojii na akwụkwọ akụkọ teknụzụ ozi - na National Women of Color Research Sciences and Technology Conference. <ref name="JPL-1">JPL press release, ''[https://web.archive.org/web/20160304133810/http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/releases/2003/134.cfm Research Scientist Receives National Minority Award]''</ref> E mepere nkuzi Claudia Alexander maka ụmụ akwụkwọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na mahadum ya na 2007 site n'aka nwanne nna ya, Jiles Williams. <ref name="Woo2" /> Ọmụmụ ihe na-akwado ụmụ akwụkwọ dabere na mkpa na-amụba na Climate na Space Sciences na Engineering na Mahadum nke Michigan's College of Engineering. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://clasp.engin.umich.edu/info/giving|title=CLaSP Giving {{!}} Climate and Space Sciences and Engineering at the University of Michigan, College of Engineering|author=|first=|date=|work=clasp.engin.umich.edu|language=en|accessdate=2017-10-10|archivedate=2019-01-21|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190121202235/http://clasp.engin.umich.edu/info/giving}}</ref> Alexander bụ onye so na American Geophysical Union —ebe ọ jere ozi dị ka onye isi oche nke subcommittee diversity— <ref name="MELDI">{{Cite web|title=Claudia Alexander|url=http://meldi.snre.umich.edu/node/12478|work=Multicultural Environmental Leadership Development Initiative|accessdate=21 July 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907175635/http://meldi.snre.umich.edu/node/12478|archivedate=7 September 2015}}</ref> na Association for Women Geoscientists, ebe akpọrọ ya "Nwanyị nke Afọ". <ref name="Roberts2" /> <ref name="Woo2" /> N'afọ 2015, ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị sitere na European Space Agency's Rosetta mission kwanyere onye ọrụ ibe ha nwụrụ anwụ ugwu site n'ịkpọ aha ya na ebumnuche ozi ahụ, comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko. Ihe dị ka ọnụ ụzọ ámá dị na comet ka a na-akpọ C. Alexander Gate. <ref name="JPL-2">JPL Press Release, </ref> Mahadum nke Michigan Women in Science and Engineering office na-enye onyinye kwa afọ maka nsọpụrụ ya: onyinye Claudia Joan Alexander Trailblazer maka mmezu na ntinye aka na STEM. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Willie Hobbs Moore Awards {{!}} U-M LSA Women in Science and Engineering (WISE) Program|url=https://www.wise.umich.edu/wise-hall-of-fame/awards0.html|accessdate=2021-03-18|work=www.wise.umich.edu|language=en}}</ref> == Hụkwa Ihe ndị ọzọ == * Usoro iheomume nke ụmụ nwanyị na sayensị == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * [http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/video/details.php?id=184 Vidiyo: "Onye mbụ: Claudia Alexander"] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20150713125921/http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/people/profile.cfm?Category=Tributes&Code=AlexanderC Ụtụ NASA: Claudia Alexander (1959-2015)] * [https://womeninplanetaryscience.wordpress.com/2011/02/03/claudia-alexander-be-prepared-to-be-flexible-in-your-career/ N'ajụjụ ọnụ ụmụ nwanyị na Science Planetary na Alexander] [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 7a3fo7nb9fg4ihtary9dtxne203p8ez 0 12109 727469 720463 2026-09-24T02:29:05Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727469 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Category:Articles with hCards]] '''Bessie Coleman''' (Januarị 26, afo 1892 – Eprel 30, afo 1926) bụ onye ọkwọ ụgbọ elu mbụ nke America. Ọ bụ nwanyị mbụ onye Afrịka America na onye America mbụ nwere ikike ịnya ụgbọ elu . <ref name="PBS">{{Cite web|url=https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/flygirls/peopleevents/pandeAMEX02.html|title=Bessie Coleman (1892–1926)|work=PBS.org|accessdate=March 3, 2010|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170326115727/https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/flygirls/peopleevents/pandeAMEX02.html|archivedate=March 26, 2017}}</ref> <ref name="Women in Aviation International">{{Cite web|work=Women in Aviation International|title=Some Notable Women In Aviation History|url=http://www.wai.org/resources/history.cfm|accessdate=April 10, 2008|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160629144039/http://www.wai.org/resources/history.cfm|archivedate=June 29, 2016}}</ref> <ref name="essence">{{Cite web|url=https://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/detail/nv/about/?cid=nrcs144p2_037528|title=Women in History: Bessie Coleman|author=Onkst|first=David H.|year=2016|work=Natural Resources Conservation Service Nevada|accessdate=January 5, 2016|archivedate=February 16, 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160216203428/http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/detail/nv/about/?cid=nrcs144p2_037528}}</ref> <ref name="af">{{Cite web|title=Fighter pilot takes inspiration to new heights|url=https://www.af.mil/News/Article-Display/Article/1478508/fighter-pilot-takes-inspiration-to-new-heights/|work=U.S. Air Force|publisher=U.S. Air Force|accessdate=July 14, 2019|date=March 28, 2018|archive-date=July 14, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190714061552/https://www.af.mil/News/Article-Display/Article/1478508/fighter-pilot-takes-inspiration-to-new-heights/|url-status=dead}}</ref> O nwetara ikikere ya n'aka ''Fédération Aéronautique Internationale'' na June 15, afo 1921, <ref name="Women in Aviation International" /> <ref name="essence" /> <ref name="phof">{{Cite web|work=Women in Aviation International|title=Pioneer Hall of Fame|url=http://www.wai.org/pioneers/1995pioneers.cfm|accessdate=April 10, 2008|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080327073439/http://www.wai.org/resources/pioneers.cfm#1995|archivedate=March 27, 2008}}</ref> ma bụrụ onye isi ojii mbụ nwetara akwụkwọ ikike ụgbọ elu mba ụwa . <ref name=":0">{{Cite book|title=Realizing the Dream of Flight: Biographical Essays in Honor of the Centennial of Flight, 1903–2003|author=Bix|first=Amy Sue|date=2005|publisher=NASA|editor=Dawson|pages=ix, 5|language=en-US|chapter=Bessie Coleman: Race and Gender Realities Behind Aviation Dreams|oclc=60826554|chapterurl=https://books.google.com/books?id=NpIpJI7nYV4C&q=%2226+January%22+%22male+or+female%22&pg=PA5}}</ref> A mụrụ na ezinụlọ nke sharecroppers na [[Texas]], Coleman rụrụ ọrụ n'ubi owu na nwata mgbe ọ na-agụkwa akwụkwọ na obere ụlọ akwụkwọ dịpụrụ adịpụ . Ọ gara otu akwụkwọ kọleji na Mahadum Langston . Coleman zụlitere mmasị mbụ n'ịfe ụgbọ elu, mana ndị Africa America, ụmụ amaala America, na ụmụ nwanyị enweghị ohere ọzụzụ ụgbọ elu na [[Njikọ̀taọ̀hà|United States]], ya mere ọ zọpụtara ma nweta nkwado iji gaa [[France]] maka ụlọ akwụkwọ ụgbọ elu. Ọ ghọrọ onye ọkwọ ụgbọ elu dị elu na ihe ngosi ikuku dị egwu na United States. A maara ya nke ọma dị ka ''Queen Bess'' na ''Brave Bessie'', <ref name=":2">{{Cite web|url=https://www.womenshistory.org/education-resources/biographies/bessie-coleman|title=Bessie Coleman|work=National Women's History Museum|language=en|accessdate=September 12, 2019}}</ref> ma nwee olile anya ịmalite ụlọ akwụkwọ maka ndị na-efe efe ndị America na ndị America. Coleman nwụrụ n'ihe mberede ụgbọelu na afo 1926. Ọrụ ọsụ ụzọ ya bụ ihe mkpali nye ndị na-anya ụgbọ elu oge ochie na ndị obodo Africa-American na ụmụ amaala America. == Ndụ mbido == Elizabeth Coleman (mgbe ụfọdụ, Bessie) <ref name="Slotkin">{{Cite news|author=Daniel E. Slotnik|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/12/11/obituaries/bessie-coleman-overlooked.html|title=Overlooked No More: Bessie Coleman, Pioneering African-American Aviatrix – The New York Times|work=The New York Times|date=December 11, 2019|accessdate=December 12, 2019}}</ref> mụrụ na Jenụwarị 26, afo 1892, na Atlanta, Texas, <ref name=":0" /> nke iri n'ime ụmụ iri na atọ nke George Coleman, onye America agwakọtara agwakọta nke nwere nne na nna Cherokee, na Susan Coleman, onye bụ African American. <ref name="Texas_Takes_Wing">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=do4cAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA46|title=Texas Takes Wing: A Century of Flight in the Lone Star State|author=Ganson|first=Barbara|date=2014|publisher=University of Texas Press|isbn=978-0-292-75408-9|location=Austin, Texas}}</ref> <ref name=":1">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Hi9SAQAAIAAJ&q=Cherokee|title=Women Aviators: From Amelia Earhart to Sally Ride, Making History in Air and Space|author=Marck|first=Bernard|date=2009|publisher=Rizzoli International Publications|isbn=9782080301086|language=en}}</ref> Itoolu n'ime ụmụaka ahụ lanarịrị nwata, nke a na-ahụkarị maka oge ahụ. <ref name="Texas_Takes_Wing" /> Mgbe Coleman dị afọ abụọ, ezinụlọ ya kwagara Waxahachie, Texas, ebe ha bi dị ka ndị na -eketa ihe. <ref name=":1" /> Coleman malitere ịga akwụkwọ na Waxahachie mgbe ọ dị afọ isii. Ọ na-eji ụkwụ na-aga kilomita anọ kwa ụbọchị gaa n'ụlọ akwụkwọ dịpụrụ adịpụ, nke nwere otu ọnụ ụlọ, ebe ọ na-amasị ịgụ akwụkwọ ma guzobe onwe ya dị ka nwa akwụkwọ mgbakọ na mwepụ pụtara ìhè. <ref name=":1" /> Ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ elementrị n'ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ. <ref name=":1" /> Kwa afọ, owuwe ihe ubi na-akwụsị ọrụ Coleman na-aga n'ụlọ akwụkwọ, ọrụ, na chọọchị. Na afo 1901, George Coleman hapụrụ ezinụlọ ya. Ọ laghachiri [[Oklahoma]], ma ọ bụ Indian Territory, dị ka a na-akpọ mgbe ahụ, ịchọta ohere ka mma, ma nwunye ya na ụmụ ya esoghị. Mgbe ọ dị afọ 12, a nabatara Bessie n'ụlọ akwụkwọ Chọọchị Baptist nke ozi ala ọzọ na agụmakwụkwọ. Mgbe ọ gbara afọ iri na asatọ, o weere ego ya wee debanye aha na Oklahoma Colored Agricultural and Normal University na Langston, Oklahoma (nke a na-akpọ Mahadum Langston ugbu a). O mechachara otu okwu tupu ego ya agwụ, ọ lọghachikwa n'ụlọ. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/fcobq|title=Coleman, Bessie|work=The Handbook of Texas Online|author=Morales|first=Roni|publisher=Texas State History Association|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111224053347/http://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/fcobq|archivedate=December 24, 2011|accessdate=May 19, 2013|quote=Upon graduation from high school, she enrolled at the Colored Agricultural and Normal University (now Langston University) in Langston, Oklahoma. Financial difficulties, however, forced her to quit after one semester because she could not afford to attend another one.|date=February 25, 2020}}</ref> == Ọrụ == Na afo 1915, mgbe ọ dị afọ 23, Coleman kwagara [[Chicago]], Illinois, bụ́ ebe ya na ụmụnne ya bi. Na Chicago, ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye manicurist na White Sox Barber Shop. N’ebe ahụ, ọ nụrụ akụkọ banyere ụgbọ elu n’oge agha site n’aka ndị ọkwọ ụgbọ mmiri si Agha Ụwa Mbụ lọta. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ nke abụọ dị ka onye njikwa ụlọ oriri na ọṅụṅụ nke ụlọ oriri na ọṅụṅụ chili iji chekwaa ego n'olileanya nke ịghọ onye ọkwọ ụgbọ elu. [14] Ụlọ akwụkwọ ụgbọ elu America nke oge ahụ ekwenyeghị na ụmụ nwanyị ma ọ bụ ndị ojii, ya mere Robert S. Abbott, onye nchoputa na onye bipụtara akwụkwọ akụkọ ''Chicago Defender'', gbara ya ume ka ọ mụọ akwụkwọ ná mba ọzọ. <ref name="PBS" /> Abbot kwusara ọchịchọ Coleman n'akwụkwọ akụkọ ya wee nweta nkwado ego site n'aka onye na-ahụ maka ụlọ akụ Jesse Binga na onye na- ''agbachitere'' . [14] Bessie Coleman gara klas nke asụsụ French n'ụlọ akwụkwọ Asụsụ Berlitz dị na Chicago wee gaa Paris na Nọvemba 20, afo 1920, ka o wee nweta ikike ịnya ụgbọ elu ya. Ọ mụtara ife efe na Nieuport 564 biplane nwere "usoro nhazi nke nwere mkpisi kwụ ọtọ n'ịdị arọ nke bat baseball dị n'ihu onye na-anya ụgbọ mmiri na ogwe ntụ n'okpuru ụkwụ onye na-anya ụgbọelu." <ref name="rich">{{Cite book|author=Rich|first=Doris|title=Queen Bess: Daredevil Aviator|pages=[https://archive.org/details/queenbessdaredev00rich/page/37 37, 47, 57, 109–111, 145]|location=Washington|publisher=Smithsonian Institution Press|year=1993|isbn=1-56098-265-9|url=https://archive.org/details/queenbessdaredev00rich/page/37}}</ref> Na June 15, afo 1921, Coleman ghọrọ nwanyị ojii mbụ <ref name=":0" /> na onye America mbụ <ref name="WoHiMu">{{Cite web|author=Kerri Lee Alexander|title=Bessie Coleman|url=https://www.womenshistory.org/education-resources/biographies/bessie-coleman|work=National Women's History Museum|accessdate=November 14, 2019|language=en|date=2018}}</ref> iji nweta akwụkwọ ikike ịnya ụgbọ elu yana onye ojii mbụ <ref name=":0" /> na onye mbụ nwa amaala America <ref name="WoHiMu" /> iji nweta ikike ụgbọ elu mba ofesi. Ụlọ ọrụ Fédération Aéronautique Internationale . <ref name=":0" /> N'ịbụ onye kpebisiri ike ime ka nkà ya dị mma, Coleman ji ọnwa abụọ na-esote na-amụ ihe site n'aka onye na-anya ụgbọelu French nke dị nso na Paris na, na September na afo 1921, ọ gara America. Ọ ghọrọ ihe mmetụta mgbasa ozi mgbe ọ laghachiri na US [[Category:Pages using multiple image with auto scaled images]] Na afọ nke ụgbọ elu azụmahịa ka dị afọ iri ma ọ bụ karịa n'ọdịnihu, Coleman ghọtara ngwa ngwa na iji nwee ike ibi ndụ dị ka onye ọkwọ ụgbọ elu nkịtị na ọ ga-aghọ onye na-agba ọsọ " barnstorming " stunt flier, na-eme aghụghọ dị ize ndụ na ikuku na mgbe ahụ. ka na-eji teknụzụ mbụ nke ụgbọ elu maka ịkwụ ndị na-ege ntị ụgwọ. Mana, iji nwee ihe ịga nke ọma n'ọgbọ egwuregwu a nke ukwuu, ọ ga-achọ nkuzi dị elu na akwụkwọ akụkọ sara mbara karị. N'ịlaghachi na Chicago, Coleman enweghị ike ịhụ onye ọ bụla dị njikere ịkụziri ya ihe, ya mere na February na afo 1922, ọ gaghachiri ụgbọ mmiri na Europe. <ref name="rich" /> Ọ nọrọ ọnwa abụọ na-esote na France na-agụcha ihe mmụta dị elu na ụgbọ elu. Ọ gawara [[Netherlands]] ka ya na Anthony Fokker zute, otu n'ime ndị na-emepụta ụgbọ elu kachasị ama n'ụwa. Ọ gakwara [[Jémanị|Jamanị]], bụ́ ebe ọ gara na Fokker Corporation wee nweta ọzụzụ ọzọ n’aka otu n’ime ndị isi ụgbọ elu nke ụlọ ọrụ ahụ. Ọ laghachiri na United States ịmalite ọrụ ya na ihe ngosi ofufe. <ref name="rich" /> "Ezenwanyi Bess," dị ka a maara ya, bụ ihe osise na-ewu ewu nke ukwuu maka afọ ise na-esote. N'ịbụ onye a kpọrọ òkù ka ọ bụrụ ihe omume ndị dị mkpa ma na-agbakarị akwụkwọ akụkọ ajụjụ ọnụ, ma ndị ojii na ndị ọcha masịrị ya. Ọ na-efekarị Curtiss JN-4 Jenny biplanes na ụgbọ elu ndị ọzọ bụbu ụgbọ elu ndị agha fọdụrụ n'agha hapụrụ. O mere ka ọ pụta ìhè nke mbụ na ihe ngosi ikuku America na Septemba 3, afo 1922, na mmemme na-asọpụrụ ndị agha agha nke 369th Infantry Regiment nke Agha Ụwa Mbụ . Emere na Curtiss Field na Long Island dị nso na New York City, ma kwado ya site na enyi ya Abbott na akwụkwọ akụkọ ''Chicago Defender'', ihe nkiri ahụ kpọrọ Coleman dị ka "nwanyị kachasị ukwuu n'ụwa" <ref>{{Cite news|author=Toth|first=Maria Lynn|date=February 10, 2001|url=http://www.latimes.com/features/kids/readingroom/la-et-story10-feb10-2006,0,7374705,full.story|title=Daredevil of the Sky: The Bessie Coleman Story|work=Los Angeles Times|accessdate=February 24, 2011|archive-date=November 5, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121105072047/http://www.latimes.com/features/kids/readingroom/la-et-story10-feb10-2006,0,7374705,full.story|url-status=dead}}</ref> ma gosipụta ikuku ikuku site na ndị ọkwọ ụgbọ elu asatọ ndị ọzọ America. na wụliri elu nke onye na-ahụ maka parachuti ojii Hubert Julian . <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1922/09/04/archives/negress-pilots-airplane-bessle-coleman-makes-three-flights-for.html|title=Negress Pilots Airplane: Bessie Coleman Makes Three Flights for Fifteenth Infantry|work=The New York Times|date=September 4, 1922|page=9}}</ref> Izu isii ka e mesịrị, ọ laghachiri na Chicago, na-eme ihe ngosi ikuku, oge a iji sọpụrụ Agha Ụwa Mbụ nke 370th Infantry Regiment . Coleman weputara ihe ngosi dị egwu nke ụzọ egwu egwu-gụnyere ọnụọgụ asatọ, loops, na ntinye dị nso n'ala na nnukwu ìgwè mmadụ na-anụ ọkụ n'obi na Checkerboard Airdrome - ugbu a mgbada nke Hines Veterans Administration Medical Center, Hines, Illinois, Loyola Hospital, Maywood, yana nchekwa oke ọhịa Cook County dị nso. Obi ụtọ nke ịkwọ ụgbọ elu na mmasi nke igwe mmadụ na-akwa emo bụ naanị akụkụ nke nrọ Coleman. Coleman echefughị nkwa ọ kwere n'oge ọ bụ nwata na otu ụbọchị "ego maka ihe." Dị ka onye ọrụ ụgbọ elu ọkachamara, Coleman na-akatọkarị ndị nta akụkọ maka ọdịdị ohere ya na ụdị ọmarịcha ọ wetara na ngosi ya na-efe efe. Ọ nwetakwara aha ngwa ngwa dị ka onye ọkwọ ụgbọ elu nwere nkà na onye na-atụghị egwu nke na-akwụsị n'enweghị ihe ọ bụla iji mezuo ihe siri ike. Na Los Angeles, ọ gbajiri ụkwụ na ọgịrịga atọ mgbe ụgbọ elu ya kwụsịrị wee daa na February 22, afo 1923. <ref name=":2" /> [[Usòrò:Bessie_Coleman_and_her_plane_(1922).jpg|thumb| Bessie Coleman, c. 1922]] N'ịbụ onye kwadoro ịkwalite ụgbọ elu na ịlụso ịkpa ókè agbụrụ ọgụ, Coleman gwara ndị na-ege ntị n'ofe mba ahụ banyere ịchụso ụgbọ elu na ebumnuche maka ndị America America. Ọ jụrụ kpam kpam isonye na mmemme ụgbọ elu machibidoro ịga ndị Africa America. [21] N'afọ 1920, ọ zutere Rev. Hezakiah Hill na nwunye ya Viola na njem nlegharị anya okwu na Orlando, Florida. Ndị ọrụ obodo kpọrọ ya ka ya na ha nọrọ na parsonage nke Mount Zion Missionary Baptist Church dị na Washington Street na agbata obi Parramore . Otu okporo ụzọ obodo ka ahagharịrị aha "Bessie Coleman" Street maka nsọpụrụ ya na afo 2013. Di na nwunye ahụ, ndị mesoro ya dị ka nwa nwanyị, kwenye ya ka ọ nọrọ, Coleman meghere ụlọ ahịa ịma mma na Orlando iji nweta ego ọzọ iji zụta ụgbọ elu nke ya. <ref name="os">{{Cite news|url=http://www.orlandosentinel.com/news/orange/os-black-pilot-bessie-coleman-orlando-20150131-story.html|title=Orlando renames street in honor of black 'daredevil aviatrix'|first=Stephen|author=Hudak|date=January 31, 2015|work=[[Orlando Sentinel]]}}</ref> Site na kọntaktị mgbasa ozi ya, e nyere ya ọrụ na ihe nkiri ogologo ogologo nke aha ya bụ ''Shadow and Sunshine'', nke African American Seminole Film Producing Company ga-enweta ego. O ji obi ụtọ nakwere, na-atụ anya na mgbasa ozi ga-enyere aka ịkwalite ọrụ ya ma nye ya ụfọdụ ego ọ chọrọ iji guzobe ụlọ akwụkwọ nke ya. Ma mgbe ọ matara na ihe nkiri mbụ e mere na fim ahụ chọrọ ka o yi uwe dọwara adọwa pụta, jikwa osisi na-aga ije na ngwugwu dị n’azụ, ọ jụrụ ịga n’ihu. "O doro anya . . . [Bessie's] ịpụ na ihe nkiri nkiri bụ nkwupụta ụkpụrụ. Opportunist n'agbanyeghị na ọ bụ banyere ọrụ ya, ọ dịghị mgbe ọ na-enwe ohere banyere agbụrụ. O nweghị ihe o bu n'obi ime ka onyinyo mkparị nke ọtụtụ ndị ọcha nwere nke ọtụtụ ndị ojii," ka Doris Rich dere. <ref name="rich" /> Coleman agaghị adị ogologo oge iji guzobe ụlọ akwụkwọ maka ndị na-eto eto ndị isi ojii, ma ihe ndị ọ rụzuru n'ọrụ ọsụ ụzọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka ihe mkpali maka ọgbọ nke ndị ikom na ndị inyom America-America. "N'ihi Bessie Coleman," ka Lieutenant William J. Powell na ''Black Wings'' (1934), raara nye Coleman dere, "anyị emeriwo ihe ahụ nke dị njọ karịa ihe mgbochi agbụrụ. Anyị emeriwo ihe mgbochi dị n'ime onwe anyị ma nwee ike ịrọ nrọ." <ref>{{Cite book|author=Powell|first=William J.|title=Black Wings|location=Los Angeles|publisher=Ivan Deach, Jr.|year=1934|oclc=3261929}}</ref> Powell jere ozi na ngalaba kewapụrụ n'oge Agha Ụwa Mbụ, ma na-agwụ ike na-akwalite ihe kpatara ụgbọ elu ojii site n'akwụkwọ ya, akwụkwọ akụkọ ya, na Bessie Coleman Aero Club, nke o hiwere na afo 1929. <ref>{{Cite book|author=Broadnax|first=Samuel L.|title=Blue Skies, Black Wings: African American Pioneers of Aviation|url=https://archive.org/details/blueskiesblackwi0000broa|location=Westport, CT|publisher=Praeger|year=2007|isbn=978-0-275-99195-1}}</ref> <ref name="rich" /> == Ọnwụ == Na Eprel 30, afo 1926, Coleman nọ na Jacksonville, Florida . Ọ zụtala Curtiss JN-4 (Jenny) na Dallas n'oge na-adịbeghị anya. Onye na-ahụ maka ọrụ ya na mgbasa ozi mgbasa ozi, William D. Wills dị afọ iri abuo na ano, si Dallas fepụ ụgbọ elu ahụ maka nkwadebe maka ihe ngosi ikuku wee mee ka ọ gbatuo mmanye atọ n'ụzọ n'ihi na ụgbọ elu ahụ adịchaghị mma. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://biography.yourdictionary.com/bessie-coleman|title=Bessie Coleman Facts|work=yourdictionary.com|accessdate=November 15, 2013|archivedate=January 5, 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140105015807/http://biography.yourdictionary.com/bessie-coleman}}</ref> Mgbe ha matara nke a, ndị enyi na ezinụlọ Coleman echeghị na ụgbọ elu ahụ adịghị mma ma rịọ ya ka ọ ghara ịfe ya, mana ọ jụrụ. Mgbe ọ na-apụ, Wills na Coleman na-efe ụgbọ elu n'oche ọzọ. Ọ nọ na-eme atụmatụ ịwụ elu parachute maka ụbọchị na-esote, ma chọọ inyocha ebe ahụ dị ka a hụrụ site n'ọgbọ mmiri. <ref name="Slotkin" /> Ihe dị ka nkeji iri n'ime ụgbọ elu ahụ, ụgbọ elu ahụ na-atụghị anya ya banye n'ime mmiri wee gbagharịa na 3,000 ụkwụ n'elu ala. A tụpụrụ Coleman n'ụgbọelu na 2,000 ft (610 m), e wee gbuo ya ozugbo mgbe ọ kụrụ ala. Wills enwekwaghị ike ịchịkwa ụgbọ elu ahụ, ma ọ daturu n'ala. Ọ nwụrụ n'elu mmetụta. Ụgbọ elu ahụ gbawara, na-agbakwa ọkụ. Ọ bụ ezie na mkpọmkpọ ebe nke ụgbọ elu ahụ gbara ọkụ nke ukwuu, e mesịrị chọpụta na mgbanaka e ji akwọ ụgbọ epeepe ahụ kụchiela ihe ndị a na-achịkwa n'ụgbọelu ahụ. Coleman dị afọ iri ato na ano. <ref name="rich" /> Emere emume olili ozu na Florida tupu ezighachi ozu ya na Chicago. Ọ bụ ezie na a kpọtụrụ aha obere okwu n'ọtụtụ mgbasa ozi, akụkọ banyere ọnwụ ya na-agbasa n'ọtụtụ akwụkwọ akụkọ African-American . Ndị na-eru uju puku iri gara emume ya na Chicago, nke onye ndọrọndọrọ Ida B. Wells duziri. <ref name="Slotkin" /> == Nkwanye ugwu == * Atlanta, Texas, nwere ebe ngosi ihe mgbe ochie nke mpaghara nke ji nganga gosipụta ụdị mmeputakwa nke Bessie Coleman's yellow bi-plane "Queen Bess." Ihe ngosi ihe ngosi nka gụnyekwara uwe na ihe ncheta ndị ọzọ gbasara ndụ na oge Bessie Coleman. N'èzí ụlọ ngosi ihe mgbe ochie nke mpaghara bụ Texas Historical Marker dị na 101 N. East Street na Historic Downtown, Atlanta, Texas. Ụzọ a na-aga n'ọdụ ụgbọ elu Hall-Miller Municipal dị na Atlanta, Texas, bụ Bessie Coleman Drive na nsọpụrụ ya. * Akpọrọ ọbá akwụkwọ ọha na Chicago aha na nsọpụrụ Coleman, <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.chipublib.org/about-coleman-branch/|title=About Coleman Branch|work=Chicago Public Library|accessdate=February 28, 2017}}</ref> dị ka okporo ụzọ dị na ọdụ ụgbọ elu O'Hare International na Chicago, <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.openstreetmap.org/way/320340442|title=Bessie Coleman Drive, Chicago|work=Open Street Map|accessdate=October 13, 2017}}</ref> Oakland International Airport na Oakland, [[California]], <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.openstreetmap.org/way/53790862|title=Bessie Coleman Drive, Alameda|work=Open Street Map|accessdate=October 13, 2017}}</ref> Tampa International Airport na [[Flórídạ|Florida]], <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.openstreetmap.org/way/147380733|title=Bessie Coleman Boulevard, Tampa|work=Open Street Map|accessdate=October 13, 2017}}</ref> na n'ọdụ ụgbọ elu mba ụwa nke Frankfurt nke Germany. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.openstreetmap.org/way/38767016|title=Bessie-Coleman-Straße, Frankfurt|work=Open Street Map|accessdate=October 13, 2017}}</ref> Chicago Cultural Center etinyela ihe ncheta ncheta n'ebe obibi mbụ ya, 41st na King Drive na Chicago, ọ bụkwa ọdịnala maka ndị njem ụgbọ elu America na-atụba ifuru n'oge ọgbaghara nke ili ya na Lincoln Cemetery . <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.chicagotribute.org/Markers/Coleman.htm|title=Markers of Distinction: Bessie Coleman|work=Chicago Tribute|publisher=City of Chicago, Chicago Cultural Center|accessdate=March 27, 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160214113847/http://chicagotribute.org/Markers/Coleman.htm|archivedate=February 14, 2016}}</ref> * Akpọrọ okporo ụzọ na-eduga na ọdụ ụgbọ elu Nice dị na ndịda France aha ya na March 2016, na e nwere okporo ámá dị na Poitiers, na 20th Arrondissement nke Paris kpọkwara aha ya. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.openstreetmap.org/way/39350488|title=Rue Bessie Coleman, Poitiers|work=Open Street Map|accessdate=October 13, 2017}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.openstreetmap.org/way/178064306|title=Rue Bessie Coleman, Paris|work=Open Street Map|accessdate=October 13, 2017}}</ref> * Bessie Coleman Middle School dị na Cedar Hill, Texas, bụ aha ya. * Bessie Coleman Boulevard na Waxahachie, Texas, ebe o biri mgbe ọ bụ nwata ka akpọrọ aha ya maka nsọpụrụ ya. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.openstreetmap.org/way/60856796|title=Bessie Coleman Boulevard, Waxahachie|work=Open Street Map|accessdate=October 13, 2017}}</ref> * B. Coleman Aviation, onye na-arụ ọrụ nke dabeere na Gary/Chicago International Airport, bụ aha ya na nsọpụrụ ya. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.b-coleman.com/about/|title=About|work=B. Coleman Aviation|accessdate=May 21, 2014}}</ref> * E hiwela ọtụtụ onyinye mmụta nkuzi Bessie Coleman maka ndị okenye ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị na-eme atụmatụ ọrụ ụgbọ elu. * Ndị ọrụ nzi ozi US nyere stampụ 32 centi sọpụrụ Coleman na 1995. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Stamp Series|work=United States Postal Service|url=http://beyondtheperf.com/stamp-series|accessdate=September 9, 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130810160707/http://beyondtheperf.com/stamp-series|archivedate=August 10, 2013}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://usstampgallery.com/view.php?id=b30836d8dce06d547fbb3f470f8c46c0929fd64c|first=Richard L.|author=Sine|title=Bessie Coleman|work=US Stamp Gallery.com|accessdate=October 13, 2017}}</ref> Ihe ncheta Bessie Coleman bụ 18th na usoro nzi ozi US Black Heritage. * N'afọ 2001, a kpọbatara Coleman n'ime Ụlọ Nzukọ Ndị Nwanyị Mba . <ref>[https://www.womenofthehall.org/inductee/bessie-coleman/ National Women's Hall of Fame, Bessie Coleman]</ref> * Na 2006, a kpọbatara ya na National Aviation Hall of Fame . <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.nationalaviation.org/our-enshrinees/coleman-bessie/|title=Coleman, Bessie|work=[[National Aviation Hall of Fame]]|accessdate=October 13, 2017|archivedate=November 30, 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161130215808/http://www.nationalaviation.org/our-enshrinees/coleman-bessie/}}</ref> * N'afọ 2012, e tinyere ihe ncheta ọla nke yiri Coleman n'ihu ọnụ ụzọ ụlọ akwụkwọ Paxon maka Advanced Studies dị na saịtị nke ọdụ ụgbọ elu Jacksonville ebe ụgbọ elu Coleman na-egbu egbu gbapụrụ. <ref>{{Cite news|author=Soergel|first=Matt|date=October 28, 2013|title=Looking to honor the daring 'Queen Bess'|work=The Florida Times-Union|page=A-4}}</ref> * A kwanyere Coleman ugwu na agwa egwuregwu ụmụaka na oge 5, ihe omume 11a nke mmemme ihe onyonyo ụmụaka ''Doc McStuffins'' . * Edebere ya No. 14 na ''Flying'' ' s 2013 ndepụta nke "51 Heroes of Aviation". * Na 2014, a kpọbatara Coleman n'ime International Air &amp;amp; Space Hall of Fame na San Diego Air &amp;amp; Space Museum . <ref>Sprekelmeyer, Linda, editor. </ref> * Na Jenụarị 25, 2015, Orlando degharịrị aha West Washington Street iji mata ndị bi n'okporo ámá kacha rụzuo oke. <ref name="os" /> * Na Jenụwarị 26, 2017, ncheta afọ 125 nke ọmụmụ ya, Google Doodle ka ebisara maka nsọpụrụ ya. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/features/2017/01/bessie-coleman-matter-170126114158228.html|title=Who was Bessie Coleman and why does she still matter?|publisher=[[AlJazeera]]|date=January 26, 2017}}</ref> * Na Disemba afọ 2019, ''akwụkwọ akụkọ New York Times'' gosipụtara Coleman na nke a na- eleghara anya (njirimara ọhụụ) : "Bessie Coleman, Ọsụ ụzọ African-American Aviatrix" <ref name="Slotkin" /> * Na 2021, mgbe Juneteenth ghọrọ ezumike gọọmenti etiti, a na-eme njem ụgbọ elu na [[Colorado]] iji sọpụrụ ya na ezumike ọhụrụ ahụ. <ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-06-19|title=US comes together to mark Juneteenth after recognizing it as federal holiday|url=http://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2021/jun/19/us-juneteenth-mark-celebrations-federal-holiday|accessdate=2021-06-19|work=the Guardian|language=en}}</ref> * Na 2021, International Astronomical Union kpọrọ ugwu (na ugwu mgbawa) na Pluto, ''Coleman Mons'', maka nsọpụrụ ya. Ọ dị na nsọtụ ''Tombaugh Regio 'nwere ụdị obi'.'' <ref>{{Cite web|author=JHUAPL|title=Great Exploration Revisited: New Horizons at Pluto and Charon|url=http://pluto.jhuapl.edu/News-Center/News-Article.php?page=20211025|accessdate=2021-10-26|work=New Horizons|language=en|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211025222431/http://pluto.jhuapl.edu/News-Center/News-Article.php?page=20211025|archivedate=October 25, 2021}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|author=Talbert|first=Tricia|date=2021-10-25|title=Pluto Landmarks Named for Aviation Pioneers Ride and Coleman|url=http://www.nasa.gov/feature/pluto-landmarks-named-for-aviation-pioneers-sally-ride-and-bessie-coleman|accessdate=2021-10-26|work=NASA}}</ref> == Hụkwa == * Ndepụta nke mbụ na ụgbọ elu * Eugene Bullard, onye Afrika-America mbụ nwetara akwụkwọ ikike ịnya ụgbọ elu * Leah Hing, bụ nwanyị China mbụ onye America nwetara akwụkwọ ikike ịnya ụgbọ elu * Mae Jemison, nwanyị mbụ na-enyocha mbara igwe nke Africa-American na mbara igwe, bụ onye bu foto Bessie Coleman na ya na ozi mbụ ya. * Akụkọ agha nke ndị Africa America * Mary Riddle, nwanyị America nke abụọ nwetara akwụkwọ ikike ịnya ụgbọ elu * Azellia White, nwanyị mbụ onye Africa America nwetara akwụkwọ ikike ịnya ụgbọ elu na Texas == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] rymk1c9umvk8e77dv2lzh4jqqu1nta4 0 12386 727532 707686 2026-09-24T06:22:40Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727532 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Usòrò:Chavonda Jacobs-Young - USDA Agricultural Research Service Administrator.jpg|thumb|áká_ịkẹngạ]] '''Chavonda Jacobs-Young''' (amụrụ 1967 <ref>{{Cite book|author=Barancik|first=Sue|title=Guide to Collective Biographies for Children and Young Adults|url=https://archive.org/details/guidetocollectiv0000bara|publisher=Scarecrow Press|year=2005|isbn=978-0-8108-5033-0|pages=[https://archive.org/details/guidetocollectiv0000bara/page/159 159]}}</ref> ) bụ onye isi gọọmentị America <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://info.umkc.edu/unews/celebrating-women-in-stem-dr-chavonda-jacobs-young/|title=Celebrating Women in STEM: Dr. Chavonda Jacobs-Young - University News {{!}}|author=Weston|first=Madalyn|date=2020-03-12|work=University News- University of Missouri-Kansas City|language=en-US|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200314163131/https://info.umkc.edu/unews/celebrating-women-in-stem-dr-chavonda-jacobs-young/|archivedate=2020-03-14|accessdate=2020-03-31}}</ref> na-eje ozi dị ka onye nchịkwa nke Ọrụ nyocha Ugbo nke US Department of Agriculture's Agricultural Research Service . <ref name=":0">{{Cite news|url=https://worldagnetwork.com/interview-dr-chavonda-jacobs-young-administrator-of-the-agricultural-research-service-and-mojdeh-bahar-assistant-administrator-for-technology-transfer/|title=Interview: Dr. Chavonda Jacobs-Young, Administrator of the Agricultural Research Service, and Mojdeh Bahar, Assistant Administrator for Technology Transfer - World Agriculture Network|date=2017-05-23|work=World Agriculture Network|accessdate=2018-04-13|language=en-US}}</ref> Ọrụ nyocha ọrụ ugbo bụ onye isi USDA, ụlọ ọrụ nyocha sayensị nke ụlọ nwere ndị sayensị otu puku na narị asatọ nakwa ụlọ nyocha iri itoolu n'ụwa niile. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.worldfoodprize.org/en/youth_programs/global_youth_institute/interview_with_dr_chavonda_jacobsyoung/?preview=1|title=Interview with Dr. Chavonda Jacobs-Young - The World Food Prize - Improving the Quality, Quantity and Availability of Food in the World|author=World Food Prize|first=|date=|work=www.worldfoodprize.org|language=en-us|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220706221558/https://www.worldfoodprize.org/en/youth_programs/global_youth_institute/interview_with_dr_chavonda_jacobsyoung/?preview=1|archivedate=2022-07-06|accessdate=2020-03-31}}</ref> Jacobs-Young ka akpọrọ onye nchịkwa na February 2014; ọ bụ nwanyị mbụ na onye nwere agba na-edu ụlọ ọrụ ahụ. <ref name=":32">{{Cite web|url=https://www.ars.usda.gov/docs/biographical-sketch-of-the-administrators-office/|title=Biographical Sketch of the Administrator's Office : USDA ARS|work=ars.usda.gov|accessdate=2018-04-13|archive-date=2018-04-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180414010704/https://www.ars.usda.gov/docs/biographical-sketch-of-the-administrators-office/|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref name=":3">{{Cite web|title=Inspirational women in STEM and tech: “Be True to Your Team” with Dr. Chavonda Jacobs-Young {{!}} RIPE|url=https://ripe.illinois.edu/news/inspirational-women-stem-and-tech-be-true-your-team-dr-chavonda-jacobs-young|accessdate=2021-11-19|work=ripe.illinois.edu}}</ref> Na 1998, Jacobs-Young ghọrọ nwanyị [[Ndị Afụrịka ǹkè Amerịka|Africa-American]] mbụ nwetara Ph.D. na akwụkwọ sayensị . <ref name=":3" /> == Mmalite ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ == Jacobs-Young bụ onye Augusta, Georgia . Ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Hephzibah High School na 1985. <ref name=":1">{{Cite news|url=http://www.allgov.com/news/appointments-and-resignations/administrator-of-the-agricultural-research-service-who-is-chavonda-jacobs-young-141101?news=854693|title=Administrator of the Agricultural Research Service: Who Is Chavonda Jacobs-Young?|work=AllGov|accessdate=2018-04-13}}</ref> N'oge ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị na oge ya na North Carolina State University, o sonye na ihe omume dị elu ma bụrụ onye mmeri nke Atlantic Coast Conference ugboro atọ. <ref name=":2">{{Cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/on-leadership/wp/2017/06/06/a-usda-administrators-leadership-style-good-or-bad-im-authentic/|title=This USDA administrator’s leadership style?: 'Good or bad, I'm authentic'|author=Fox|first=Tom|date=2017-06-06|work=Washington Post|accessdate=2018-04-13|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref name=":1" /> Jacobs-Young nwetara nzere Bachelor nke Sayensị na sayensị akwụkwọ nakwa injinia (1989, NC State) nakwa nzere Masta nke Sayensị na sayensị osisi na akwụkwọ (1992, NC State). Mgbe ahụ na 1998, ọ nwetara nzere Ph.D na sayensị akwụkwọ na North Carolina State University. <ref name=":0" /> <ref name=":1" /> N'afọ 2008, Jacobs-Young nwetara Asambodo Nduzi Ọha na mmejuputa iwu ọha site na Mahadum America dị na Washington, DC <ref name=":2" /> == Ndụ ọkachamara == Mgbe ọ gụsịrị Ph.D ya, ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye enyemaka Prọfesọ nke Sayensị akwụkwọ na Injinia na Mahadum Washington site na 1995 ruo 2002. <ref name=":4">{{Cite web|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/profiles/people/17486798-chavonda-jacobs-young|title=Chavonda Jacobs-Young, United States Agricultural Research Service: Profile & Biography|work=Bloomberg|language=en|accessdate=2018-04-13}}</ref> Na 2002, a bịakwutere Jacobs-Young maka ịbanye na gọọmentị etiti. <ref name=":2" /> Ọ hụrụ ohere ịmụta banyere ọrụ gọọmenti etiti wee were ọrụ dị ka onye isi mmemme nke mba na nyocha, agụmakwụkwọ, nakwa Extension State Cooperative. N'ikpeazụ, ọ jere ozi dị ka onye isi nyocha amụma maka ọrụ ugbo na Office of Science and Technology Policy nke White House. N'ime ikike a, ọ kwadoro onye ndụmọdụ sayensị nke onye isi ala na ndị ọzọ nọ n'ime ụlọ ọrụ ndị isi nke Onye isi ala na ọrụ dị iche iche nke sayensị ugbo. Ọ na-arụ ọrụ n'ofe Gọọmenti Etiti iji kwalite imekọ ihe ọnụ na imekọ ihe ọnụ n'ihe gbasara sayensị kacha mkpa. <ref name=":32" /> Mgbe ọ laghachiri na USDA n'uju n'afọ 2010, Jacobs-Young nyere aka guzobe ma jee ozi dị ka onye isi onye isi nke nnyocha n'ụlọọrụ USDA. <ref name=":3" /> N'ebe ahụ, ọ kwadoro nhazi nke nduzi sayensị n'ofe Ngalaba ahụ ma hụ na ụkpụrụ kachasị elu nke ọgụgụ isi na iguzosi ike n'ezi ihe nke sayensị maka nyocha a na-agbasa site na ngalaba ahụ. <ref name=":0" /> Jacobs-Young jekwara ozi dị ka onye na-eme ihe nchịkwa maka National Institute of Food and Agriculture nke ụlọ ọrụ USDA tupu ọ banye na Ọrụ nyocha nke ọrụ ugbo na 2012 dị ka onye nchịkwa maka mmemme nyocha. <ref name=":32" /> Ọ bụ onye so na United States Senior Executive Service, onye otu American Association for the Advancement of Science, onye so na National Academy of Public Administration, na onye isi oche ọkwa onye mmeri. <ref name=":4" /> <ref name=":3" /> Na Machị 2022, a gụnyere Jacobs-Young na #IfThenSheCan - Ihe ngosi gburugburu National Mall n'ememe nke ọnwa akụkọ ihe mere eme ụmụ nwanyị; ihe ngosi ahụ nwere ihe oyiyi ruru otu narị na iri abụo nke ndụ nke ụmụ nwanyị na-arụ ọrụ na mpaghara STEM. <ref>{{Cite web|title=#IfThenSheCan – The Exhibit|url=https://ifthenexhibit.org/|accessdate=2022-03-08|work=ifthenexhibit.org|language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=Women's Futures Month|url=https://www.si.edu/womensfutures|accessdate=2022-03-08|work=Smithsonian Institution|language=en}}</ref> == Ebensidee == {{Reflist}} == Mpuga isi mmalite == * [https://www.agriculture.senate.gov/hearings/to-consider-the-following-nominations-chavonda-j-jacobs-young-to-be-under-secretary-of-agriculture-for-research-education-and-economics-usda-and-margo-schlanger-to-be-an-assistant-secretary-of-agriculture-usda Nhọpụta Nhọpụta] n'ihu Kọmitii Senate United States na Agriculture, Nutrition, &amp;amp; Forestry iji tụlee nhọpụta Onye isi ala Biden nke Chavonda Jacobs-Young maka onye odeakwụkwọ nke Agriculture maka nyocha, Education, na Economics (US Department of Agriculture). [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] {{DEFAULTSORT:Jacobs-Young, Chavonda}} rdh5lj3wu3ctkr3itqfyik26rgqmcna 0 12422 727473 697739 2026-09-24T02:38:01Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727473 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Usòrò:BIANCA JONES MARLIN 041 Columbia Zuckerman Institute by John Abbott.jpg|thumb|Bianca Jones Marlin]] '''Bianca Jones Marlin, Ph.D.''' bụ onye ọkà mmụta nke America na Herbert and Florence Irving Assistant Prọfesọ nke nyocha mkpụrụ ndụ na Zuckerman Institute na Mahadum Columbia na New York City. Marlin na-amụ usoro epigenetic nke na-eme ka ọnyà ndị nne na nna nwee ike ibufe ụmụ n'ụdị òké. Ọrụ nke Marlin mgbe gụsịrị akwụkwọ kpugheere ọrụ bụ isi maka hormone oxytocin na omume nne, nke eji wee nye ya ihe nrite Donald B. Lindsley na Behavioral Neuroscience n'ihi ihe odide nke Ph.D ya nke puru iche na ihe [https://www.statnews.com/wunderkinds-2017/ nrite STAT Wunderkinds] maka nchoputa ya gbara agba. == Mmalite ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ == Marlin tolitere na Central Islip, Long Island ebe e nwere usoro ezinụlọ pụrụ iche nke metụtara ọnọdụ ọrụ ya. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://radiopublic.com/the-story-collider-o6NYDW/s1!eff03|title=The Story Collider – Bianca Jones Marlin: It's Because She's Black – 11:59|work=radiopublic.com|language=en|accessdate=2020-04-14|archivedate=2021-04-15|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415232149/https://radiopublic.com/the-story-collider-o6NYDW/s1!eff03}}</ref> Nne na nna mụrụ Marlin, bụ́ ndị ya na ha bi, bụkwa ndị kpọọrọ ụmụ ndị ọ na-abughi ha mụrụ. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=https://www.cuimc.columbia.edu/news/five-questions-mothers-day-neuroscientist-bianca-jones-marlin|title=Five Questions for Mother's Day with Neuroscientist Bianca Jones Marlin|date=2018-05-11|work=Columbia University Irving Medical Center|language=en|accessdate=2020-04-14}}</ref> I Dika ya na ụmụnne ya na-tolite, nke a mere ka Marlin nwee mmasị na ihe nketa mkpụrụ ndụ mgbe ọ dị obere. <ref name=":1" /> Ige ntị akụkọ ndị siri ike sitere n'aka ụmụnne ya ndị ọ na-abụghị nne na nna ya mụrụ ha bụ ihe na-enye aka inye ya mmasị ka mmekọrịta nne na nna na ahụmahụ si emetụta ụmụaka. <ref name="storycollider.org">{{Cite web|url=https://www.storycollider.org/stories/2016/1/1/bianca-jones-marlin-its-because-shes-black|title=Bianca Jones Marlin: It's Because She's Black|work=The Story Collider|language=en-US|accessdate=2020-04-14}}</ref> Ngosipụta nke Marlin n'ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị mere ka o nweta ohere ịgụ akwụkwọ n'efu na simesta nke mbụ ya na mahadum St. John's University . <ref name=":2">{{Cite web|url=https://www.cns.nyu.edu/events/growingupinscience/unofficial.html#BiancaJonesMarlin|title=Growing up in science|work=www.cns.nyu.edu|accessdate=2020-04-14}}</ref> Mgbe ọ nọ na Mahadum St. John, ọ nwetara akara ugo mmụta abụọ na bayoloji na mmụta ndị nọ n'afọ iri na ụma ma na-etinyesi aka ike na nduzi ụmụ akwụkwọ na nyocha. <ref name=":2" /> Dị ka nwa akwụkwọ na-agụ akwụkwọ, Marlin sonyere na nyocha n'ụlọ akwụkwọ na mmemme nyocha oge okpomọkụ abụọ: otu na Mahadum Vanderbilt na nke ọzọ na Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). <ref name=":3">{{Cite web|url=https://www.storiesofwin.org/profiles/2019/11/13/dr-bianca-jones-marlin|title=Dr. Bianca Jones Marlin|work=Stories of WiN|language=en-US|accessdate=2020-04-14}}</ref> Na MIT, Marlin rụrụ ọrụ n'okpuru nduzi nke Dr. Martha Constantine Paton wee nweta ihe nrite maka akwụkwọ mmado nyocha ya na njedebe nke oge okpomọkụ. <ref name=":2" /> Na 2009, Marlin nwetara B. S. na Biology na B. S. na mmuta nke ndị dị afọ iri na uma site na Mahadum St. John. Na ngụsị akwụkwọ, e nyere ya onyinye nturu ugo onye ndu ụmụ akwụkwọ maka ọrụ ya dị ka Onye isi oche nke gọọmentị ụmụ akwụkwọ. Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ, Marlin ghọrọ onye nkuzi nwetara ikike na steeti New York wee kuzie na NEST +m, ụlọ akwụkwọ ngalaba agụmakwụkwọ New York maka ụmụ akwụkwọ nwere nka na ndị nwere nka, ebe ọ kuziri mgbe ọ ka bu nwata akwụkwọ n'oge afọ agụmakwụkwọ mahadum ya. N'oge ya na Nest+m, ọ kuziri sayensị ọkwa asaa na nke iri na Advanced Placement (AP) Biology. == Nnyocha doctoral == Site na 2009-2015, Marlin gbasoro nzere nke ndi gụsịrị akwụkwọ na New York University School of Medicine Graduate Program na Biology na Physiology. <ref name=":2" /> Nyocha Ph.D nke Marlin nyochara ọrụ nke hormone oxytocin na omume nne <ref name=":9">{{Cite web|title=Bianca Jones Marlin Traces How Sensory Inputs Shape the Brain|url=https://www.the-scientist.com/scientist-to-watch/bianca-jones-marlin-traces-how-sensory-inputs-shape-the-brain-69220|accessdate=2022-02-03|work=The Scientist Magazine®|language=en|archivedate=2022-02-03|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220203172213/https://www.the-scientist.com/scientist-to-watch/bianca-jones-marlin-traces-how-sensory-inputs-shape-the-brain-69220}}</ref> na cortex plasticity n'oge dị egwu nke mmepụta ụbụrụ. <ref name=":4">{{Cite web|date=2020-02-28|title=5 Questions with Columbia Neuroscientist Bianca Jones Marlin|url=http://www.coolnycevents.com/2020/02/28/5-questions-with-columbia-neuroscientist-bianca-jones-marlin/|accessdate=2020-04-14|work=Cool NYC Events|language=en-US}}</ref> N'afọ 2011, o bipụtara akụkọ nyocha nke ndị ọgbọ na-akọwa mkpa nke excitatory-inhibitory balance (EI) na-ekpebi oge nke oge dị oke egwu plasticity maka nhazigharị ugboro ugboro - ebe ọ bụ na mgbe amuchara, cortex na-ahụ anya erubeghị. <ref name=":4" /> Ọrụ a tọrọ ntọala Marlin ka ọ chọpụta ka oxytocin si akpụ akpụkọ mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya ma gbanwee sekit ụbụrụ iji kpalite nlekọta nne n'ebe ụmụ nkịta nọ. Ndị nne rodent (nke a na-akpọ dams) ga-eweghachite ụmụ mgbe e kewapụrụ ya na ya na/ma ọ bụ ihe mkpofu mgbe ụda olu ultrasonic na-apụta site na ụmụ nkịta dịpụrụ adịpụ. <ref name=":5">{{Cite journal|author=Marlin|first=Bianca J.|date=2015-04-23|title=Oxytocin enables maternal behaviour by balancing cortical inhibition|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_nature-uk_nature_2015-04-23_520_7548/page/499|journal=Nature|volume=520|issue=7548|pages=499–504|doi=10.1038/nature14402|issn=1476-4687|pmid=25874674}}</ref> Na-emekarị, dams na-anabata oku nwa agbọghọ, ebe ụmụ nwanyị na-amaghị nwoke adịghị - na-atụ aro na plasticity na cortex auditory na-eme mgbe a mụsịrị ahịhịa iji mee ka mmiri rụọ ọrụ iji zaghachi. <ref name=":5" /> Marlin chere na ọ bụ oxytocin na-ebugharị plasticity a na cortex auditory n'ihi na 1) dams na-ahapụ oxytocin mgbe a mụrụ ya iji kwalite njikọ, na 2) ụmụ agbọghọ na-amaghị nwoke na-anabata oku nwa agbọghọ mgbe a na-enye oxytocin n'ụzọ artificial. <ref name=":5" /> Marlin chọpụtara na oxytocin na-eme ka sekit akwara anụ ahụ dị na cortex nke anụ ahụ ma mee mgbanwe ogologo oge na nguzozi EI. <ref name=":5" /> Mgbanwe na nguzozi EI mere ka oge kwụ ọtọ kwụsiri ike nke a na-ahụ na dams (ma ọ bụ ụmụ agbọghọ na-amaghị nwoke oxytocin), mana ọ bụghị ụmụ agbọghọ na-amaghị nwoke, mgbe ị na-aza oku nwa. <ref name=":5" /> N'ịgbaso nchoputa nke Marlin gbasara ọrụ oxytocin na nweghachi nwa, ọ rụkwara ọrụ ọzọ ya na ndị ọrụ ibe ya na Robert Froemke Lab na-enyocha ọrụ oxytocin na-arụ na mgbasa ozi nke omume nne. <ref>{{Cite web|title=People {{!}} Laboratory of Robert C. Froemke|url=http://froemkelab.med.nyu.edu/people|accessdate=2022-03-22|work=froemkelab.med.nyu.edu|archivedate=2022-03-02|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220302125156/http://froemkelab.med.nyu.edu/people}}</ref> N'ime ọmụmụ ha, nke e bipụtara na Nature, <ref name=":5" /> ha na-egosi na oxytocin neurons na mpaghara ụbụrụ na-ahụ maka ntọhapụ nke oxytocin, paraventricular nucleus (PVN), na-arụ ọrụ site na mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya nakwa na neurons a bu ọnụ ụzọ nzaghachi oku. Ha na-egosikwa na ụmụ agbọghọ ndị na-ebikọ ọnụ na ndị nne nwere ahụmahụ, na ndị na-ahụ anya na-ahụ maka nwa akwụkwọ nne na-amụ nwa, amụbawo ọrụ nke oxytocin neurons na PVN ma gosipụta àgwà alloparenting - na-atụ aro na omume nne nwere ike nweta site na mgbasa ozi ọha. <ref name=":5" /> Nchọpụta nke Marlin mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na-egosi ọ bụghị nanị na ọ na-arụ ọrụ lateralization nke ụbụrụ mammalian, kamakwa a raara onwe ya nye, oxytocin na-adabere na neural sekit maka omume nne na mmegharị mgbe amuchara nwa. <ref name=":5" /> E gosipụtara usoro nyocha a na mgbasa ozi a ma ama gụnyere National Geographic, <ref name=":6">{{Cite web|author=Yong|first=Ed|date=2015-04-15|title=Oxytocin Makes New Mouse Mothers Focus on Cries of Lost Pups|url=https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/article/oxytocin-makes-new-mouse-mothers-focus-on-cries-of-lost-pups|accessdate=2022-02-16|work=Science|language=en|archive-date=2021-04-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210414234058/https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/article/oxytocin-makes-new-mouse-mothers-focus-on-cries-of-lost-pups|url-status=dead}}</ref> na Los Angeles Times, <ref name=":10">{{Cite web|url=https://www.latimes.com/science/sciencenow/la-sci-sn-oxytocin-motherhood-20150415-story.html|title=Hormone oxytocin jump-starts maternal behavior|date=2015-04-16|work=Los Angeles Times|language=en-US|accessdate=2020-04-14}}</ref> Science Magazine, <ref name=":11">{{Cite journal|author=Haupt|first=Ryan J.|date=2019-06-07|title=The scientist's summer reading list|url=https://www.science.org/doi/abs/10.1126/science.aax9532|journal=Science|language=EN|doi=10.1126/science.aax9532}}</ref> na Discover Magazine 's Top 100 Stories of 2015. <ref name=":12">{{Cite web|url=https://www.discovermagazine.com/mind/how-oxytocin-changes-behavior|title=How Oxytocin Changes Behavior|work=Discover Magazine|language=en|accessdate=2020-04-14}}</ref> == Nnyocha postdoctoral == Site na 2016-2020, Marlin bụ onye nyocha Postdoctoral na Mahadum Columbia n'okpuru ndụmọdụ nke onye nrite Nobel Laureate Richard Axel . <ref name=":9" /> N'ime ụlọ nyocha Axel, Marlin nyochara etu ọnyà ndị nne na nna si erute n'ọgbọ ndị na-esote (ya bụ, transgenerationally) site na usoro epigenetic . <ref name=":1" /> Marlin na ndị otu ya jikọtara ihe ndị na-esi ísì na akpata oyi n'ahụ ụmụ oke ndị toro eto, ma mesịa mụọ banyere mgbanwe akwara na akparamagwa nke ụmụ, ndị na-ahụtụbeghị ụdị nhụsianya-isi. Ọrụ Marlin na isiokwu a na mgbasa ozi a ma ama gụnyere Science Friday <ref name=":14">{{Cite web|title=Breakthrough: The Trauma Tracer|url=https://www.sciencefriday.com/videos/breakthrough-the-trauma-tracer/|accessdate=2022-03-21|work=Science Friday|language=en-US}}</ref> na Washington Post . <ref name=":13">{{Cite news|author=Hoover Greenway|first=Kelly|date=July 19, 2021|title=Why understanding inherited trauma is critical, and what it means for our kids|language=en-US|work=Washington Post|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/2021/07/19/inherited-trauma-family-kids/|accessdate=2022-02-16}}</ref> == Nyocha ngalaba == Na 2020, Marlin sonyeere ngalaba na Mahadum Columbia na ngalaba nke Psychology na Neuroscience. Ụlọ nyocha Marlin dị na Zuckerman Institute na-aga n'ihu na-enyocha ka ihe ndị dị ndụ na-esi emeghe omume ebumpụta ụwa n'oge kwesịrị ekwesị, yana ka esi agafe ozi mmụta n'ọgbọ ndị na-esote site na ihe nketa nke transgenerational epigenetic site na iji nchikota nke onyonyo, omume, na mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa molecular..<ref name=":14" /> == Ihe nrite na nkwanye ugwu == * Magazin Sayensị ama ama nke 2021 "The Brilliant 10" <ref>{{Cite web|author=GOURGEY|first=BILL|date=2021-09-20|title=The Brilliant 10: The most innovative up-and-coming minds in science|url=https://www.popsci.com/science/brilliant-scientists-2021/|accessdate=2022-02-03|work=Popular Science|language=en-US}}</ref> * 2021 Ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị "ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị ga-ekiri" <ref name=":9" /> * Ndị isi ọgbọ na-abịa 2020 Allen Institute <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://alleninstitute.org/what-we-do/brain-science/news-press/press-releases/allen-institute-announces-2020-next-generation-leaders|title=Allen Institute announces 2020 Next Generation Leaders|work=Allen Institute|language=en-US|accessdate=2021-04-22|archivedate=2021-04-22|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210422151948/https://alleninstitute.org/what-we-do/brain-science/news-press/press-releases/allen-institute-announces-2020-next-generation-leaders}}</ref> * 2017 STAT Wunderkind Award <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.statnews.com/wunderkinds-2017/|title=Meet the 2017 STAT Wunderkinds|work=STAT|language=en-US|accessdate=2020-04-14}}</ref> * 2016 Donald B. Lindsley Prize na Behavioral Neuroscience, Society for Neuroscience <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.grassfoundation.org/people/bianca-jones-marlin|title=Bianca Jones Marlin {{!}} The Grass Foundation|work=www.grassfoundation.org|accessdate=2020-04-14}}</ref> * 2016 Sackler Nrite akwụkwọ akụkọ pụtara ìhè <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://med.nyu.edu/departments-institutes/skirball-institute-biomolecular-medicine/about-us/news-awards|title=Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine News & Awards|work=NYU Langone Health|language=en|accessdate=2020-04-14|archivedate=2019-11-20|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20191120165805/https://med.nyu.edu/departments-institutes/skirball-institute-biomolecular-medicine/about-us/news-awards}}</ref> * 2015 Chọpụta akwụkwọ akụkọ kacha elu 100 <ref>{{Cite web|date=2018-02-15|title=Love: it's all in your Head|url=https://zuckermaninstitute.columbia.edu/love-it-s-all-your-head,%20https://zuckermaninstitute.columbia.edu/love-it-s-all-your-head|accessdate=2022-02-03|work=zuckermaninstitute.columbia.edu}}</ref> == Ihe ndị ebiputara ahọpụtara == * Ụlọ ihe ngosi nka nke American History - SciCafe "Sayensị nke ịhụnanya na Bianca Jones Marlin" * Pọdkastị Sayensị Friday "Ndị nne anụmanụ: Site na ọdụm ruo òké" * The Story Collider – onye na-ekwu okwu pụtara “Itụrụ ime: Akụkọ gbasara sayensị ịmụ nwa” <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.storycollider.org/stories/2018/9/3/pregnancy-stories-about-having-a-baby|title=Pregnancy: Stories about the science of having a baby|work=The Story Collider|language=en-US|accessdate=2020-04-14}}</ref> na “Ọ bụ n'ihi na ọ dị oji” <ref name="storycollider.org" /> * Egosiputara na National Geographic - “Mmume Nne Ọ bụ naanị maka ndị nne? Nke a bụ Sayensị ahụ," <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nationalgeographic.com/news/2018/05/mothers-day-2018-maternal-instinct-oxytocin-babies-science/|title=Is Maternal Instinct Only for Moms? Here's the Science.|date=2018-05-09|work=National Geographic News|language=en|accessdate=2020-04-14|archive-date=2019-08-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190815085140/https://www.nationalgeographic.com/news/2018/05/mothers-day-2018-maternal-instinct-oxytocin-babies-science/|url-status=dead}}</ref> "Ịma Aka Ike Ike," <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nationalgeographic.com/environment/great-energy-challenge/|title=Great Energy Challenge|work=Environment|language=en|accessdate=2020-04-14}}</ref> na "Oxytocin Na-eme Ka Ndị Nne Nne Ọhụụ Na-elekwasị anya na mkpu nke Pups furu efu" <ref name=":6" /> * Egosiri na Magazin Nchọpụta - "Olee otú Oxytocin si agbanwe omume" <ref name=":12" /> * Los Angeles Times - "Hormone Oxytocin Jump na-amalite omume ime nne" * Blọọgụ Ndị Nduzi NIH – Lab TV: Na-achọ ịmata ihe gbasara njikọ nne <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://directorsblog.nih.gov/2015/08/25/labtv-curious-about-a-mothers-bond/|title=LabTV: Curious About a Mother's Bond|date=2015-08-25|work=NIH Director's Blog|language=en-US|accessdate=2020-04-14|archivedate=2020-08-08|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200808024739/https://directorsblog.nih.gov/2015/08/25/labtv-curious-about-a-mothers-bond/}}</ref> * Sayensị Fraịde - Ọka mmụta sayensị egosipụtara dị ka akụkụ nke Mmepe ahụ: Eserese nke Ụmụ nwanyị Na Sayensị - "Nhụta: Ọhụụ Trauma" <ref name=":14" /> * Neuron - Bianca Jones Marlin Ajụjụ&A <ref>{{Cite journal|date=2021-11-03|title=Bianca Jones Marlin|url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0896627321007212|journal=Neuron|language=en|volume=109|issue=21|pages=3344–3345|doi=10.1016/j.neuron.2021.09.048|issn=0896-6273}}</ref> * Akwụkwọ akụkọ Washington Post - Gịnị kpatara nghọta ọgbaghara ketara dị oke egwu, yana ihe ọ pụtara nye ụmụ anyị <ref name=":13" /> == Mbipụta == * Oxytocin neurons na-enyere mmadụ aka mgbasa nke omume nne. Carcea I., Caraballo NL, Marlin BJ, Ooyama R., Riceberg JS, Mendoza Navarro JM, Opendak M., Diaz VE, Schuster L., Alvarado Torres MI, Lethin H., Ramos D., Minder J., Mendoza SL, Bair-Marshall CJ, Samadjopoulos GH, Hidema S., Falkner A., Lin D., Mar A., Wadghiri YZ, Nishimori K., Kikusui T., Mogi K., Sullivan RM Froemke RC Nature. 2021 Ọgọst 26. 596 (7873): 553-557 . doi: [[doi:10.1038/s41586-021-03814-7.|https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-03814-7.]] <ref name=":7">{{Cite journal|author=Carcea|first=Ioana|date=2019-11-17|title=Oxytocin Neurons Enable Social Transmission of Maternal Behavior|url=https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/845495v1|journal=bioRxiv|language=en|pages=845495|doi=10.1101/845495}}</ref> * Afọ 50 nke Neuroscience na-esote. Altimus CM, Marlin BJ, Charalambakis NE, Colón-Rodriquez A, Glover EJ, Izbicki P, Johnson A, Lourenco MV, Makinson RA, McQuail J, Obeso I, Padilla-Coreano N, Wells MF; maka Kọmitii Ndụmọdụ Ọzụzụ. J Neurosci. 2020 Jenụwarị 2; 40 (1): 101-106 . doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0744-19.2019.  <ref>{{Cite journal|author=Altimus|first=Cara M.|date=2020-01-02|title=The Next 50 Years of Neuroscience|journal=The Journal of Neuroscience|volume=40|issue=1|pages=101–106|doi=10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0744-19.2019|issn=1529-2401|pmid=31896564}}</ref> * Oxytocin modulation nke sekit akwara ozi maka omume ọha mmadụ. Marlin BJ, Froemke RC. Dev Neurobiol. 2017 Feb; 77 (2): 169-189 . doi: 10.1002/dneu.22452. Epub 2016 Ọkt 4. Nyochaa. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&nbsp;[//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27626613 27626613] <ref name="Marlin 169–189">{{Cite journal|author=Marlin|first=Bianca J.|date=February 2017|title=Oxytocin modulation of neural circuits for social behavior|journal=Developmental Neurobiology|volume=77|issue=2|pages=169–189|doi=10.1002/dneu.22452|issn=1932-846X|pmid=27626613}}</ref> * Netwọk ekesara maka ọgụgụ isi ọha emelitere maka ndị na-anabata Oxytocin. Miter M, Marlin BJ, Schiavo JK, Morina E, Norden SE, Hackett TA, Aoki CJ, Chao MV, Froemke RC. J Neurosci. 2016 Feb 24;36(8):2517-35 . doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2409-15.2016. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&nbsp;[//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26911697 26911697] <ref>{{Cite journal|author=Mitre|first=Mariela|date=2016-02-24|title=A Distributed Network for Social Cognition Enriched for Oxytocin Receptors|journal=The Journal of Neuroscience|volume=36|issue=8|pages=2517–2535|doi=10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2409-15.2016|issn=1529-2401|pmid=26911697}}</ref> * Oxytocin na-enyere aka omume nne site n'ịhazi mgbochi cortical. Marlin BJ, Miter M, D'amour JA, Chao MV, Froemke RC. Ọdịdị. 2015 Eprel 23; 520 (7548): 499-504 . doi: 10.1038/ ọdịdị14402. Epub 2015 Eprel 15. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&nbsp;[//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25874674 25874674] <ref name=":5" /> * Ndepụta ọgụgụ oge okpomọkụ nke ọkà mmụta sayensị. Sayensị. Haupt R., Langis-Barsetti D., & O'Dwyer R., Preuss M., van Driel M., Margolis E., Jain M., Marlin BJ 7 Jun 2019. 364. 926-93. doi: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.aax9532 <ref name=":11" /> == Ebensidee == {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Marlin, Bianca Jones}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 8aoajg6w1s17w9uzpc5gwvum2kqe06f 0 12614 727593 621706 2026-09-24T11:37:07Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727593 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Diane P. Pozefsky''' bụ onye ọkachamara na nyocha <ref>{{Cite web|title=Diane Pozefsky {{!}} Computer Science|url=https://cs.unc.edu/person/diane-pozefsky/|accessdate=2021-09-21|work=cs.unc.edu}}</ref> na Mahadum North Carolina na ngalaba sayensị Kọmputa. Enyere Pozefsky onyinye nturu ugo nke Women in Technology International (WITI) 2011 Hall of Fame Award maka ntinye aka na ngalaba Sayensị na Nkà na ụzụ. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.witi.com/center/conferences/2011/summit/|title=WITI's Women Powering Technology Summit - October 2-4, 2011 in San Jose, CA - Overview|work=www.witi.com}}</ref> == Agụmakwụkwọ == Pozefsky nwetara AB na mgbakọ na mwepụ etinyere na Mahadum Brown na 1972 yana Ph.D. sitere na Ngalaba Sayensị Kọmputa na UNC na 1979 <ref>{{Cite web|title=Diane Pozefsky|url=http://wwwx.cs.unc.edu/~pozefsky/|work=Department of Computer Science|publisher=University of North Carolina|accessdate=10 December 2010}}</ref> n'okpuru nduzi nke Dọkịta Mehdi Jazayeri . == Ọrụ == Pozefsky sonyeere IBM Corporation, Raleigh, NC, na 1979 <ref>{{Cite web|title=Biography for Diane Pozefsky|url=http://www-03.ibm.com/ibm/history/witexhibit/wit_fellows_pozefsky.html|work=IBM Archives|date=23 January 2003|publisher=IBM|accessdate=10 December 2010|archive-date=20 January 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110120221725/http://www-03.ibm.com/ibm/history/witexhibit/wit_fellows_pozefsky.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> dị ka onye so na ngalaba Communication Systems Architecture Department na-arụ ọrụ na nkọwapụta na ngwa nke Systems Network Architecture ( SNA ), nnukwu na mgbagwoju anya atụmatụ-ọgaranya netwọk ije mepụtara na 1970 site na IBM. Yiri n'akụkụ ụfọdụ n'ụdị ntụaka OSI, mana nwere ọtụtụ ndịiche. SNA bụ n'ezie mejupụtara asaa. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ maka IBM afọ iri abụọ na ise wee kpọọ ya onye otu IBM na 1994 iji kwado ọrụ ya na APPN na AnyNet architectures na mmepe. Enyere ya ọrụ netwọk na imewe ngwa maka asọmpi 1998 na 2000. Ndụ ọrụ ya lekwasịrị anya na ịkparịta ụka n'Ịntanet na injinịa ngwanrọ, gụnyere: * na-emepe emepe usoro netwọk * na-ebuga netwọk na Nagano Olympics * usoro mmepe * netwọk nchekwa * mmepe ngwa * mobile kọmputa Ọ na-arụ ọrụ na mmepe, imewe, na architecture na akụkụ abụọ ọ masịworo mmasị na mgbe e mesịrị na ebe a ọrụ na-eme ka mma na ngwakọta tiori na omume. Dr. Diane Pozefsky laghachiri na UNC mgbe ọ lara ezumike nká na IBM na June 2004. == Mbipụta == Akwụkwọ Pozefsky gụnyere: * "Nkpakọrịta Nchekwa: Karịrị SNA Anagram" na NCP na 3745/46 Taa, Summer 2001. * “MpTN Transport Gateway”, ya na D. Ogle na SNA na TCP/IP Enterprise Networking, Manning Publications Co, 1997. * "Mmetụta Ụgbọ njem Multiprotocol: Ịwepụ ịdabere na ngwa na nkwekọrịta nkwekọrịta" na R. Turner et al., IBM Systems Journal volume 34 mbipụta 3, p.&nbsp;472–500, Julaị 1995. * "Ikekọrịta Ụgbọ njem Multiprotocol: Ngwọta Ịrụ Ọrụ Ịntanetị Izugbe" na K. Britton et al., Usoro nke 1993 International Conference on Network Protocols, p.&nbsp;14–26, IEEE Kọmputa Society Press, Ọktoba 1993. * “Nhazi nke SNA maka ịkparịta ụka n'Ịntanet” ya na D. Pitt na J. Grey, IEEE Network olu 6 nọmba 6, p.&nbsp;16–31, Nọvemba 1992. * "Lan-PBX Gateway Alternatives" na J. Grey na D. Pitt, Usoro nke IFIP TC 6/WG 6.4 International In-Depth Symposium on Local Communications Systems: LAN na PBX, pp.&nbsp;143–156, Elsevier Science Publishers, 1987. * "SNA Networks of Small Systems" na Baratz et al., Mpaghara ahọpụtara na olu nkwukọrịta SAC-3 Nọmba 3, p.&nbsp;416–426, Mee 1985. * "A Meta-Implementation for Systems Network Architecture," ya na FD Smith, IEEE Azụmahịa na Nkwukọrịta, COM-30(6) p.&nbsp;1348–1355, Juun 1982. * "Njikwa nchekwa nke ọma nke ọma n'ime ihe nleba anya grammar", ya na M. Jazayeri, ACM Azụmahịa na Asụsụ Mmemme na Sistemu mpịakọta 3 mbipụta 4, p.&nbsp;388–404, Ọktoba 1981. * "Mmepụta Meta-SNA: Asụsụ na Ngwa," ya na FD Smith, ICC '81 International Conference on Communications, 9.2.1-9.2.5, June 1981. * “Mmalite Oghere dị na Onye nyocha Semantic Alternating”, ya na M. Jazayeri, Usoro nke Nzukọ Kwa Afọ nke ACM 1980, p.&nbsp;498–504, Jenụwarị 1980. * “Ezinụlọ nke Ndị Nlebanya Ụtọ Ụtọ Ụtọ Gbakwasara Ngabiga”, ya na M. Jazayeri, Usoro nke Mgbakọ Kwa Afọ nke ACM 1978, p.&nbsp;261–270, Disemba 1978. * “Ntụle Multipass nke ọma nke Grammas Àgwàetiti Na-enweghị Osisi Parse,” Usoro 1977 Science Science and Systems Conference Conference, Mahadum Johns Hopkins, p.&nbsp;184–89, Maachị 30 ruo Eprel 1, 1977. * “Asụsụ Mmemme Sistemu” ya na Bergeron et al. (dị ka Shecter) na Ọganihu na Kọmputa 12, p.&nbsp;175–284, 1972. == Ndo ogworoboria na mba US == Ndị ogworo na US * 6,430,604 “Usoro na-enyere sistemu izi ozi ohere iji usoro izipu ozi ọzọ” ya na Ogle et al., wepụtara Ọgọst 6, 2002 * 5,802,053 “Ụzọ mbufe n'etiti netwọkụ obodo na netwọk agwakọtara” ya na Bollella et al., E wepụtara Septemba 1, 1998 * 5,491,693 “Ọnụ ụzọ Ụgbọ njem General Transport Layer for Heterogeneous Networks” ya na Britton et al., E wepụtara February 13, 1996 * 5,425,028 “Nhọrọ Protocol na Mkpebi okwu maka mmemme na-agba na netwọkụ dị iche iche” ya na Britton et al., wepụtara June 13, 1995 * 5,361,256 “Inter-Domain Multicast Routing” ya na Doeringer et al., E wepụtara November 1, 1994 * 5,224,098 "Nkwụghachi ụgwọ maka ụkpụrụ ụgbọ njem na-adaghị adaba na netwọk nkwukọrịta data" ya na Bird et al., E wepụtara June 29, 1993 * 5,109,483 "Node na-amalite mgbanwe XID n'elu njikọ arụnyere gụnyere mgbanwe nke ihe nrịbama nke njide n'etiti ọnụ ụzọ maka ịtọlite nnọkọ" na Baratz et al., E wepụtara Eprel 28, 1992 * 5,101,348 "Ụzọ nke ibelata ego nke ozi gụnyere na Topology Mmelite Ozi na Data Communications Network" na Arrowood et al., E wepụtara March 31, 1992 * 4,967,345 "Ụzọ nke ịhọrọ ụzọ dị arọ kacha nta na netwọk nkwukọrịta" ya na Clarke et al., E wepụtara October 30, 1990 * 4,954,821 “Ụzọ nke Iguzobe Nọmba Otu Mgbasa Ozi maka Njikọ netwọkụ” ya na Grey et al., E wepụtara Septemba 4, 1990 * 4,914,571 "Ịchọta akụrụngwa na netwọk Kọmputa" ya na Baratz et al., E wepụtara Eprel 3, 1990 * 4,873,517 "Ụzọ maka ịhọrọ ọnụ njedebe njedebe kacha nta na Ned Node Route in a Data Communications Network" na Baratz et al., E wepụtara October 10, 1989 * 4,827,411 “Ụzọ nke idowe nchekwa data Topology” ya na Arrowood et al., E wepụtara Mee 2, 1989 * 4,736,369 “Nkwalite Oge Mmegharị” ya na Barzilai et al., E wepụtara Eprel 5, 1988 == Ntụaka == <references /> {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * [http://www.cs.unc.edu/~pozefsky/ Ibe mbụ] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20110120221725/http://www-03.ibm.com/ibm/history/witexhibit/wit_fellows_pozefsky.html Ndị otu IBM] {{DEFAULTSORT:Pozefsky, Diane}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 637j2zlhfvzabyvvm156hybaqu000m7 0 12618 727430 720162 2026-09-23T16:03:32Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727430 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=Ashlee Simpson|image=Ashlee Simpson 2012.jpg|caption=Simpson in 2012|birth_name=Ashley Nicolle Simpson<ref>{{cite web|url=https://familysearch.org/pal:/MM9.1.1/VDVK-V37|title=Person Details for Ashley Nicolle Simpson, "Texas, Birth Index, 1903-1997" — FamilySearch.org|work=familysearch.org}}</ref>|birth_date={{Birth date and age|mf=yes|1984|10|03}}|birth_place=[[Waco, Texas]], U.S.|occupation={{hlist|Singer|songwriter|actress|dancer}}|years_active=1999–present|spouse={{marriage|[[Pete Wentz]]|2008|2011|reason=divorced}}<br>{{marriage|[[Evan Ross]]<br>|2014}}|relatives=[[Jessica Simpson]] (sister)|children=3|module={{Infobox musical artist | embed = yes | instruments = Vocals | genre = {{flatlist| * [[Pop rock]] * [[pop punk]] * [[alternative rock]]}} | label = {{flatlist| * [[Geffen Records|Geffen]] * [[First Access Entertainment|First Access]] }} | associated_acts = [[Ashlee + Evan]] }}}} [[Category:Articles with hCards]] '''Ashley Nicolle Ross''' <ref name="billboard-surname">{{Cite web|author=Stutz|first=Colin|title=Ashlee Simpson & Husband Evan Ross Changing Names to Honor Mother-In-Law Diana Ross|url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/pop-shop/6422347/ashlee-simpson-evan-ross-changing-names-diana-ross|work=Billboard|accessdate=April 18, 2015|date=December 29, 2014}}</ref> (née '''Simpson''' ; amuru Ọktoba 3, 1984), <ref name="BMI Repertoire">{{Cite web|url=http://repertoire.bmi.com/writer.asp?blnWriter=True&blnPublisher=True&blnArtist=True&page=1&fromrow=1&torow=25&querytype=WriterID&keyid=885799&keyname=SIMPSON%20ASHLEE%20NICOLLE&CAE=446299817&Affiliation=ASCAP|title=Songwriter/Composer: SIMPSON ASHLEE NICOLLE|accessdate=October 23, 2009|publisher=BMI}}</ref> onye a mara dika '''Ashlee Simpson''', bu onye ọbụ abụ America. <ref>{{Cite news|author=Lauren M. Johnson|title=Singer Ashlee Simpson announces birth of her third child|url=https://edition.cnn.com/2020/11/01/entertainment/ashlee-simpson-gives-birth-to-baby-boy-trnd/index.html|accessdate=21 November 2021|work=CNN}}</ref> Nwanne nwanyị nke obere nke onye na-agụ egwú na onye na-eme ihe nkiri [[Jessica Simpson]], ọ malitere ọrụ ya dị ka onye na-agba egwu maka nwanne ya nwanyị wee pụta na mgbasa ozi telivishọn mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na ise. O mechara gbasoo ọrụ dị ka onye na-eme ihe nkiri ma na-arụ ọrụ ugboro ugboro na ihe nkiri ezinụlọ a kpọrọ ''7th Heaven .'' Ọ pụtara na ihe ngosi a kpọrọ ''Newlyweds: Nick and Jessica'', nke a na-agbasa na MTV n'etiti 2003 na 2005, nke lekwasịrị anya na nwanne Ashlee nke tọrọ ya bu Jessica na di Jessica mgbe ahụ [[Nick Lachey]] . Mgbe ọ na-arụ ọrụ maka usoro egwu mbụ ya, Simpson ghọrọ onye na-eme ihe nkiri nke usoro ihe nkiri na-atụgharị eziokwu, ''The Ashlee Simpson Show'', nke a na-agbasa na MTV n'etiti 2004 na 2005. Dịka nwanne ya nwanyị bu ya ụzọ, Simpson ghọrọ onye ndi mgbasa ozi na-elebara anya. Ihe itunanya na ọganihu ya bịara na mpụta nke egwu mbụ ya, nke ọ kpọrọ " Pieces of Me ," nke ewepụtara na 2004, ghọrọ nke so n'egwu ise kachasị elu na United States wee tochie <nowiki><i id="mwJA">chaatị Billboard</i></nowiki> Mainstream Top 40 dabere na redio. Ihe ịga nke ọma nke egwu ya ahụ na ihe ngosi ya nyeere aka ịkwalite usoro egwu nke mbụ ya, ''Autobiography ,'' nke ewepụtara na 2004, n'elu chaati nke <nowiki><i id="mwKA">Billboard</i></nowiki> 200 . Ọrụ a rere ihe karịrị nde ise n'ụwa niile, na-eme ka ọ bụrụ usoro egwu ya kacha aga nke ọma ruo taa. Simpson mechara buru onye ndu nke ndị na-eme ihe nkiri na fim ''Undiscovered'' (2005), nke ghọrọ ihe akatọrọ nke ukwuu na nke na-ereghi nke ọma n'ahịa. Ọdịda nke ihe nkiri ahụ, yana ọtụtụ ihe ngosi nke akatọrọ, butere nyocha na mgbasa ozi. N'agbanyeghị nke ahụ, usoro egwu nke abụọ nke Simpson, ''I Am Me'' (2005), weere ọnọdụ n'elu ''Billboard'' 200, ghọrọ usoro egwu ya nke abụọ ime ya. Ndekọ a gara n'ihu nata asambodo platinum sitere na Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA). N'ịgbaso ngosiputa ya dị ka Roxie Hart na mmepụta West End nke ''Chicago ,'' Simpson kwupụtara na ọ malitere ịrụ ọrụ maka usoro egwu nke atọ ya. Ndekọ a dị iche na ụda pop-rock nke mbọ ya gara aga, na-egosipụta ụda egwu nke egwu na ụda ndị afọ 1980s. E weputara ''World Bittersweet'' na 2008, o nwekwara nnabata nakwa nkatọ dị oke egwu, mana ọ hụrụ mbelata ahịa. Mgbalị a ruru nọmba 4 na ''Billboard'' 200. N'afọ na-esote, Simpson sonyeere ndị isi ihe nkiri nke ''Melrose Place'' revamp, bụ nke e nwetara n'ọmụma na nkatọ dị oke egwu. Mgbe afọ ahụ gasịrị, o mere mpụta mbụ, na-eweghachi ọrụ ya dị ka Roxie Hart na ''Chicago'' n'okporo ụzọ. Simpson kwupụtara usoro egwu ya nke anọ n'otu afọ ahụ. Ọ wepụtara otu egwu nke kwuru onwe ya nke ọ kpọrọ "Bat for a Heart" (2012), n'agbanyeghị na ọ nweghị ihe ịga nke ọma. Simpson mechara kpochapụ usoro egwu ya ahụ wee lekwasị anya na nwa ya. Simpson kwughachiri ọrụ ya dị ka Roxie Hart nke ugboro atọ na mmepụta pụrụ iche nke ụbọchị abụọ na Hollywood Bowl na July 2013 nke Brooke Shields duziri. N'October, Simpson na di ya Evan Ross wepụtara egwu ha agbatịkwuru agbatịkwu 'extended play' (EP) nke Ashlee + Evan site na Access Records, bụ nke a na-akwado site na njem nlegharị anya n'obodo ndị dị n'ofe North America, na ihe ngosi TV ha. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.broadwayworld.com/bwwmusic/article/Ashlee-Simpson-and-Evan-Ross-Release-Debut-EP-and-Announce-Tour-Dates-20181012|title=Ashlee Simpson and Evan Ross Release Debut EP and Announce Tour Dates|first=TV News|author=Desk}}</ref> == Ndụ na ọrụ == === 1984–2002: Ndụ mmalite na mmalite ọrụ === A mụrụ Ashley Nicole Simpson na Waco, Texas, na Ọktoba 3, 1984. <ref name="TXBI">State of Texas. </ref> Ndị mụrụ ya bụ Tina Ann (née Drew) na Joseph Truett "Joe" Simpson, onye bụbu ọkà n'akparamàgwà mmadụ na onye ozi nke ndi ntorobịa n'ụlọ uka Baptist . O nwere otu nwanne nwanyị tọrọ ya, [[Jessica Simpson]] . Ma Ashlee na Jessica gara Prairie Creek Elementary na North Junior High, nke dị na Richardson, Texas, ebe a zụlitere ụmụ agbọghọ ahụ. <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20140906085510/http://www.foxnews.com/entertainment/2012/10/25/jessica-simpson-parents-divorcing-gay-rumors/ "Source: Jessica Simpson's parents had 'marriage of convenience' for some time"].</ref> <ref>[https://people.com/celebrity/joe-simpson-divorces-tina-simpson-amid-gay-rumors/ "Joe and Tina Simpson File for Divorce While Rumors Circulate"]. </ref> Mgbe Ashlee dị afọ atọ, ọ malitere ịmụ egwu [[ballet]] n'oge gboo. Ọ debanyere aha na School of American Ballet nke di [[New York City]] mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na otu, wee bụrụ onye nke ọdụdụ a nabatara na ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ. <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20121011190520/http://music.yahoo.com/ashlee-simpson/biography/ "Ashlee Simpson Biography"] .</ref> <ref>[http://www.allmusic.com/artist/ashlee-simpson-p630593 "Ashlee Simpson | AllMusic"]. ''allmusic.com''</ref> Ọ bụ ezie na afọ a chọrọ maka ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ bu afọ iri na abụọ wee gbagobe c, nna Simpson kwetara ịgha ụgha banyere afọ ndụ ya. <ref>Although the minimum age for admission was technically 12, Joe Simpson confessed that he had lied about his daughter's age to get her into the school in an October 2004 interview. </ref> N'ime oge a, Simpson nwere nsogbu iri nri nke a na-akpọghị aha ruo ihe dị ka ọnwa isii, na-emecha nweta ọgwụgwọ n'aka ndị mụrụ ya. <ref>[[Stephen M. Silverman]], [https://people.com/celebrity/ashlee-simpson-i-had-minor-eating-disorder/ "Ashlee Simpson: I Had 'Minor' Eating Disorder"], People.com, December 8, 2005.</ref> Ezinụlọ Simpson kwagara Los Angeles, [[California]], na 1999, ka Jessica gbasoro ọrụ ịbụ abụ. <ref name="move">Janelle Brown, "Ashlee Simpson," ''[[Seventeen (American magazine)|Seventeen]]'', November 2004, pages 86–89.</ref> Mgbe Jessica malitere ọrụ ya, Ashlee malitere ịpụta na mgbasa ozi telivishọn. <ref name="move" /> Nna ya, Joe, jere ozi dị ka onye nnọchi anya ya. <ref name="move" /> N'ịgbaso ọganihu azụmahịa nke usoro egwu mbụ nke Jessica bụ ''Sweet Kisses'' (1999), Ashlee ghọrọ otu n'ime ndị na-agba egwu na-akwado ya na njem. <ref name="people">{{Cite web|url=http://www.people.com/people/ashlee_simpson/biography/|title=Ashlee Simpson Biography - People.com|publisher=[[People (magazine)|People]]}}</ref> Na-atụ anya ịchụso ọrụ n'ime ihe nkiri, Simpson nwere obere ọnọdụ dika onye ọbịa na ihe omume nke ''Malcolm In The Middle'' . <ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=http://www.hollywood.com/tv/people-you-forgot-were-on-malcolm-in-the-middle-57157585/|title=25 Actors You Forgot Were On 'Malcolm In The Middle'|date=January 28, 2015|publisher=Ana Luisa Suarez, Hollywood.com}}</ref> N'afọ sochirinụ, Simpson nwere obere ọrụ dị ka Monique na ihe nkiri ikpa ọchị Rob Schneider nke a kpọrọ ''The Hot Chick'' (2002). <ref name=":1" /> Ọ sonyeere oge nke asaa nke ihe nkiri ezinụlọ ''7th Heaven'' dị ka Cecilia Smith, ọrụ ọ gara n'ihu na-egosipụta na oge nke asatọ. Simpson pụtara na mkpokọta nkeji iri anọ dịka Cecilia. <ref name="people" /> N'otu afọ ahụ, Ashlee dekọtara egwu akpọrọ "Christmas Past, Present, and Future" maka akwụkwọ ezumike nke ''School's Out!'' ''Christmas;'' E mechara wepụtaghachi egwu a na ''Redio Disney Jingle Jams'' na-eso mmetụ egwu Simpson mere. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.amazon.com/Schools-Out-Christmas-Various-Artists/dp/B00006L3KO|title=School's Out! Christmas by Various artists – Amazon|publisher=Amazon}}</ref> O mechara dekọọ egwu "Just Let Me Cry" maka ụda egwu nke fim ''Freaky Friday'' (2003). <ref name="people" /> Simpson mechara malite ide na ịdekọ ngosi, na-atụ anya ịchọta I bianye aka n'ụlọọrụ na-emeputa egwu. Ekwenyere ya otu ọnwa ka o weputachara ụda egwu ''Freaky Friday'' na Simpson bịanyere aka na Geffen Records iji wepụta usoro egwu mpụta mbụ ya. <ref name="people" /> === 2003–2004: Ọganihu, ''Akụkọ'' ndụ na ihe mere n'ihe ngosi ''Saturday Night Live'' === A mara ọkwa na Jessica Simpson na di ya [[Nick Lachey]] ga-esonye na usoro ihe ngosi nke ha na MTV a kpọrọ, ''Newlyweds: Nick and Jessica'' . <ref name="newlyweds">Levy, Ariel (2004). </ref> Usoro a, nke gosipụtara akụkọ ndụ Jessica na Nick dị ka di na nwunye, ghọrọ omenala pop ma nyere aka dọta uche nke ụmụnne nwanyị Simpson. <ref name="newlyweds" /> N'ịgbaso ihe ịga nke ọma nke usoro ahụ, a kwadoro na Ashlee ga-enweta usoro nkwụsịtụ, ''The Ashlee Simpson Show'' . <ref>Chaunce Hayden, "Ashlee Simpson Sings Her Way to Number One!"</ref> N'ịtụ anya ịkwụsị ntụnyere n'etiti ya na nwanne ya nwanyị, Ashlee chọrọ ka usoro a gbado anya na ndekọ nke usoro egwu mbụ ya. <ref>Janelle Brown, "Ashlee Simpson", ''[[Seventeen (American magazine)|Seventeen]]'', November 2004, pages 86 – 89.</ref> N'oge a, Simpson tinyekwara ntutu isi ya na-acha aja aja, mkpebi nke nwetara nlebara anya nke ndi mgbasa ozi. <ref name="people" /> Mgbe ọ na-esonye n'ihe nkiri ahụ, Simpson pụtara na vidiyo egwu nke onye egwu Ryan Cabrera na egwu ya ọ kpọrọ " On the Way Down " (2004), na-egosi onwe ya dị ka onye Cabrera nwere mmasị ịhụnanya n'ebe ọ nọ. <ref name="people" /> Di na nwunye ahụ mechara malite mmekọrịta ịhụnanya, na Cabrera nke kpaliri ọtụtụ egwu maka usoro egwu nke Simpson. <ref name="people" /> [[Usòrò:Ashlee_&_Jessica_Simpson.jpg|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb| A na-amakarị ụmụnna nwanyị Ashlee (n’aka ekpe) na Jessica (n’aka nri) n’usoro mgbasa ozi.|322x322px]] Simpson chọrọ ka usoro egwu mbụ ya bụrụ egwu pop-rock, ebe ọ na-egeghị egwu pop. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.tiscali.co.uk/music/reviews/040920_ashley_simpson_pieces_of_me.html|title=Tiscali.music "Pieces of Me" review|publisher=Tiscali.co.uk|accessdate=August 9, 2011|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090628204934/http://www.tiscali.co.uk/music/reviews/040920_ashley_simpson_pieces_of_me.html|archivedate=June 28, 2009}}</ref> Ọrụ ahụ bụ John Shanks mepụtara ya, ebe Simpson dere abụ niile dị na usoro egwu ahụ. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.vh1.com/shows/events/grammys/2005/nominees/awards.jhtml?nomCat=production|title=47th Annual Grammy Awards – Winners: Production|publisher=[[VH1]]|accessdate=August 10, 2011|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110629123559/http://www.vh1.com/shows/events/grammys/2005/nominees/awards.jhtml?nomCat=production|archivedate=June 29, 2011}}</ref> Ya na onye na-ede abụ bụ Kara DioGuardi rụkwara ọrụ gbasara ide abụ ahụ, ebe DioGuardi na-anata kredit maka ide egwu n'ime usoro egwu ahụ. <ref name="Liner notes">''Autobiography'' liner notes.</ref> Otu n'ime egwu nọọrọ onwe ya n'usoro egwu ahụ, " Pieces Of Me ", ghọrọ nke nwetara ọganihu ozugbo e mepụtara ya na United States. Egwu ahụ soro n'egwu ise kacha ewu ewu na <nowiki><i id="mwqw">chaatị Billboard</i></nowiki> Hot 100 wee tinye ya na chaati Mainstream Top 40 dabere na ikuku redio pop. <ref>Margo Whitmire, [http://www.billboard.com/articles/news/66572/ciaras-goodies-still-good-at-no-1 "Ciara's 'Goodies' Still Good At No. 1"], September 9, 2004.</ref> "Pieces of Me" nwetara asambodo ọla edo site na Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA), na-enye mbipụta puku narị ise nke egwu ahụ nọọrọ onwe ya nke a na-ere. <ref>[https://www.riaa.com RIAA.com].</ref> E wepụtara usoro egwu mbụ ya, ''Autobiography'', na Julaị 20, 2004, na nnabata dị oke egwu agwakọtara ya na nkatọ n'ozuzu ya. Ndekọ a rụrụ n'elu chaatị ''Billboard'' 200 na United States, na-ere ihe dị ka puku narị iri atọ na ịrị itoolu na asatọ n'izu mbụ nke mwepụta ya. <ref>Margo Whitmire, [http://www.billboard.com/articles/news/67157/simpsons-autobiography-soars-to-no-1 "Simpson's 'Autobiography' Soars To No. 1"], Billboard.com, July 28, 2004.</ref> Ọ bụ ọba mpụta mbụ kacha ere nke otu nwanyị na-agu egwu n'afọ ahụ, na-aga n'ihu na-ere ihe karịrị nde abụọ na pụkụ narị ise na mba United States n'ọnwa Jenụwarị 2005. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,143553,00.html|title=Album Sales Up After 4-Year Decline|publisher=Foxnews.com|date=January 6, 2005|accessdate=August 10, 2011|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110206191834/http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,143553,00.html|archivedate=February 6, 2011}}</ref> Ọganihu nke ọba egwu ahụ na otu egwu ya bụ n'ihi mkpughe sitere na usoro ihe onyonyo ya. <ref name="people" /> Album ahụ rere ihe karịrị nde ise n'ụwa niile. Na Ọktoba 23, 2004, Simpson pụtara dị ka onye ọbịa na-agu egwu na emume ''Saturday Night Live'' iji kwalite ọba egwu ahụ. O buru ụzọ mee otu "Pieces of Me", ma kwado ịgụ egwu "Autobiography" dịka egwu nke abụọ. Ka ọ na-akwado ịgụ egwu nke abụọ, a nụkwara olu na-agu "Pieces of Me" ọzọ, nke gosiri na Simpson ejirila egbugbere ọnụ mekọrịta egwu nke ikpeazụ ọ gụrụ. <ref>Jennifer Vineyard, [https://web.archive.org/web/20081222071948/http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1493025/10262004/simpson_ashlee.jhtml "Ashlee Pokes Fun At Self, Lip-Synch Flap: 'It's So Silly'"], MTV News, October 26, 2004.</ref> Simpson malitere ime egwu ọzọ ozugbo ka ndị otu ya malitere ịkpọ "Pieces of Me" ọzọ. O wee pụọ na ogbo ahụ ka ndị egwu ya na-aga n'ihu na-akpọ egwu mgbe ọ na-anọchị ya ruo ọtụtụ tịnkọm tịnkọm, tupu ihe ngosi ahụ ebipụ na azụmahịa. N'oge mmechi nke ngosi ahụ, Simpson pụtara n'ebe onye nhazi, Jud Law, wee sị, "Ọ dị m njọ! Ndị otu m malitere ịkpọ egwu na-ezighi ezi, ma amaghị m ihe m ga-eme, ya mere echere m na m ga-eme mkpọtụ ." <ref>{{Cite news|title=USA Today: Did 'Saturday Night Live' expose Ashlee Simpson's extra help?|url=https://www.usatoday.com/life/music/news/2004-10-24-simpson-snl_x.htm|accessdate=January 8, 2009|date=October 24, 2004}}</ref> Arụmọrụ ahụ nwetara nlebara anya mgbasa ozi dị ukwuu ma nwetaghachi nkatọ. <ref name="60MinutesSimpson">{{Cite news|author=Leung|first=Rebecca|title=Michaels: Lip-Sync An 'SNL' No-No|url=http://www.cbsnews.com/news/michaels-lip-sync-an-snl-no-no/|accessdate=June 19, 2015|work=CBS News|date=October 28, 2004}}</ref> Ụbọchị ole na ole ka e mesịrị, Simpson kpọrọ ndị otu usoro vidiyo egwu ''Total Request Live'' ma kọwaa na a dụrụ ya ọdụ ka ọ ghara ịbụ abụ ndụ n'ihi ọrịa reflux acid . Simpson kwuru maka ihe merenụ, "Emere m onwe m onye nzuzu zuru oke." <ref>{{Cite news|author=Vineyard|first=Jennifer|title=Ashlee Blames Gastric Distress For 'SNL' Lip-Synch Snafu|date=October 25, 2004|publisher=MTV News|url=http://www.vh1.com/artists/news/1492993/10252004/simpson_ashlee.jhtml}}</ref> N'agbanyeghị mgbasa ozi na-adịghị mma gburugburu ihe merenụ, Simpson wepụtara " Shadow " dị ka egwu nke abụọ si na ''Autobiography'' na United States. Egwu ahụ enwetaghị mweputa na mpaghara Europe. O nweghị ihe ịga nke ọma dika egwu ndi nke bu ya ụzọ, n'agbanyeghị na ọ ruru n'elu nke iri abụọ na chaatị Mainstream Top 40, ghọrọ egwu nke abụọ nke Simpson na chaatị ahụ. <ref name="Chart peaks">[{{BillboardURLbyName|artist=ashlee simpson|chart=all}} Billboard chart history for Ashlee Simpson]</ref> Egwu ahụ kwuru n'ụzọ egwu maka echiche ya gbasara ọganiihu nwanne ya nwanyị tọrọ ya. Egwu ahụ nwetara nnabata dị oke egwu, ụfọdụ na-eto ya dị ka ihe pụtara ìhè maka ọba ahụ. E wepụtara " La La " dị ka album nke atọ na nke ikpeazụ na Jenụwarị 2005, ọzọkwa o nweghị kwa ike I nweta ọganiihu nke "Pieces of Me". N'agbanyeghị ọnụ ọgụgụ dị ala na chaati nke Hot 100, egwu ahụ nwetara asambodo ọla edo sitere na RIAA. Abụ a rụrụ dị ka egwu nọọrọ onwe ya nke abụọ na mpaghara Europe. <ref name="Chart peaks" /> Simpson na Cabrera kwụsịrị mmekọrịta ha, ọ bụ ezie na ha abụọ nọgidere bụrụ enyi. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://people.com/celebrity/ashlee-simpson-engaged-to-evan-ross-ryan-cabrera/|title=Playing Catch-Up with Ashlee Simpson's First Love: Ryan Cabrera|work=People}}</ref> Na ''Teen Choice Awards'' na August 8, 2004, Simpson nwetara ihe nrite "Song of the Summer" Teen Choice Award maka "Pieces of Me", yana ihe nrite "Fresh Face". <ref>[[Stephen M. Silverman]], [https://web.archive.org/web/20120302063605/http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,678707,00.html "Lindsay Lohan Tops Teen Choice Awards"], People.com, August 9, 2004.</ref> O nwetakwara onyinye nturu ugo Billboard maka nwanyị ohuru na-agụ egwu na Disemba, <ref>Charlie Amter, [https://web.archive.org/web/20060110005559/http://www.eonline.com/News/Items/0%2C1%2C15489%2C00.html ""Billboard" Awards Usher in Victory"], ''E! Online News,'' December 9, 2004.</ref> na n'otu onwa ahu, ''Entertainment Weekly kporo'' ya otu n'ime Breakout Stars nke 2004. <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20090519032324/http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,927494,00.html "Breakouts 2004"], EW.com, December 7, 2004.</ref> === 2005–2007: ''I am Me,'' nyocha mgbasa ozi na okporoụzọ === Na Jenụwarị 2005, ụlọ ọrụ asịrị malitere ịkọ na Simpson na onye na-eme ihe nkiri Wilmer Valderrama nwere mmekọrịta ịhụnanya, na-eduga na asịrị nke "ịhụnanya" n'etiti di na nwunye Valderrama bụbu enyi nwanyị Lindsay Lohan . <ref name="people" /> N'agbanyeghị nke a, ndị nnọchiteanya nke Simpson kwuru na ha abụọ bụ enyi ruo ọtụtụ afọ, ọ dịghịkwa mmasị ịhụnanya ha nwere n'ebe ha onwe ha nọ. <ref name="people" /> Simpson pụtara dị ka onye ọbịa egwu n'oge ọkara na 2005 Orange Bowl na Miami, Florida . Ọrụ ya nke "La La" nwetara nnabata na-adịghị mma site na igwe mmadụ, na-eduga na okwu ikwa emo dị iche iche. Na February 2005, Simpson malitere njem nlegharị anya nke onwe ya na North America dum. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.livedaily.com/news/7449.html|title=Ashlee Simpson firms 2005 tour plans|date=December 14, 2004|author=Rob Evans|work=liveDaily|accessdate=2015-12-05|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20050922092828/http://www.livedaily.com/news/7449.html|archivedate=September 22, 2005}}</ref> N'igosi ihe ngosi iri atọ na asaa, njem ahụ hụrụ Simpson ka ọ na-agu egwu dị iche iche sitere na usoro egwu mbụ ya, yana ngughari nke egwu ewepụtara na mbụ. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1497210/ashlee-soldiers-on-through-tour-launch-snafus.jhtml|title=Ashlee Simpson Soldiers On, Like Always, Through Tour-Launch Snafus|author=Moss, Corey|date=February 17, 2005|work=[[MTV News]]|publisher=[[Viacom Media Networks|MTV Networks]]|accessdate=June 6, 2013|archiveurl=http://www.freezepage.com/1370566156KBCWJCPXID?url=http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1497210/ashlee-soldiers-on-through-tour-launch-snafus.jhtml|archivedate=June 7, 2013}}</ref> Mgbe ọ na-eme njem, Simpson dere ihe maka ọba egwu nke abụọ ya. Simpson nwere ọrụ nkwado na fim ''Undiscovered ,'' na-egosi onye na-eme ihe nkiri na-achọsi ihe ike aha ya bụ Clea. Ma ihe nkiri ahụ bụ oké njọ na azụmahịa ọdịda, o wetara Simpson nhọpụta maka "nwanyi kasị njọ na-eme ihe nkiri" na 2005 Golden Raspberry Awards . <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.boxofficemojo.com/alltime/weekends/drops.htm|title=Biggest Second Weekend Drops at the Box Office|work=boxofficemojo.com}}</ref> Simpson wepụtara usoro egwu ya nke abụọ, ''I Am Me ,'' na Ọktoba 2005. Album ahụ gosipụtara isiokwu pop-rock yiri nke a hụrụ na mbọ mbụ ya, n'agbanyeghị na Simpson tụrụ anya itinye mmetụta nke egwu sitere na 1980s n'ime ụda ya. <ref name="MTVGoing80s">{{Cite news|author=Vineyard|first=Jennifer|title=Ashlee Simpson Going '80s, Getting Personal On Next Album|date=March 25, 2005|publisher=MTV|url=http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1499052/20050325/simpson_ashlee.jhtml?headlines=true|archive-date=May 18, 2009|access-date=April 4, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090518171528/http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1499052/20050325/simpson_ashlee.jhtml?headlines=true|url-status=dead}}</ref> Dịka mweputa ya gara aga, Simpson dekọtara egwu niile na ọba ahụ. Ọ ghọrọ usoro egwu ya nke abụọ ka ọ malitere n'elu ''chaatị Billboard'' 200, na-ere ihe karịrị pụkụ narị abụọ na ịrị abụọ n'ahịa n'ime izu mbụ ya na United States. <ref>{{Cite web|title=It's All About Ashlee: Simpson Scores Another #1 With ''I Am Me''|url=http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1512238/10262005/simpson_ashlee.jhtml?headlines=true|accessdate=October 26, 2005}}</ref> Ndekọ a enwetaghi ihe ịga nke ọma dika nke ''Autobiography,'' n'agbanyeghị na ọ gara n'ihu na-ere ihe karịrị nde atọ n'ụwa niile. <ref name="people" /> Edere otu egwu nọrọ onwe ya nke a kpọrọ, " Boyfriend," ma dee ya n'ihi ihe gbasara asịrị dị n'etiti Simpson na Valderama, ọ ghọkwara egwu nke abụọ ya soro n'egwu iri abụọ dara uda na United States. <ref name="Chart history">[{{BillboardURLbyName|artist=ashlee simpson|chart=all}} Artist chart history for Ashlee Simpson], Billboard.com.</ref> Maka mwepụta nke usoro egwu ahụ, Simpson laghachiri na ntutu isi ya. <ref name="people" /> Egwu nke abụọ na nke ikpeazụ n'usoro egwu a, " L.O.V.E.," batara n'ọkwa iri anọ na United States. <ref name="Chart history" /> Simpson pụtara nke ugboro abụọ dị ka onye na-agu egwu na ''Saturday Night Live,'' ọ gụrụ egwu "Catch Me When I Fall," nke sitere na ọdịdị mbụ ya na usoro ahụ, yana "Boyfriend." Na nke ugbu a, a na-eme egwu abụọ ahụ n'enweghị nsogbu ọ bụla. <ref name="people" /> N'etiti ọnwa Disemba, Simpson dara mgbe ọ rụchara ọrụ na Japan wee nọrọ n'ụlọ ọgwụ nwa oge, n'ihi ya a kagburu ihe ngosi ya na Redio Music Awards . Ihe kpatara ọdịda ahụ na ụlọ ọgwụ na-esote ya bụ ike ọgwụgwụ n'ihi usoro ọrụ ya siri ike. <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1518506/20051219/story.jhtml|title=Ashlee Simpson's Collapse Due To Exhaustion|first=Jennifer|author=Vineyard|publisher=MTV|date=December 19, 2005|accessdate=April 2, 2006|archive-date=April 16, 2006|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060416150232/http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1518506/20051219/story.jhtml|url-status=dead}}</ref> Simpson batara na njem m nke 'I Am Me' na ọnwa ikpeazụ nke 2005 wee malite ịyi onye na-akụ ịgba ya Braxton Olita. <ref name="people" /> Na March 2006, Simpson meriri asọmpi 'MTV celebrity surfing invitational competition', nke gosikwara ndị ama ama dịka Meagan Good, Jack Osbourne, Ashley Parker Angel, na Tony Hawk . N'April 12, 2006, ọ kwadoro ma rụọ ọrụ na MTV Australia Video Music Awards, ebe ọ meriri "Onye na-eme ihe nkiri kachasị mma" na "Best Pop Video" maka egwu nke "Boyfriend." <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20080217015720/http://www.mtvasia.com/News/200604/13013323.html "Ashlee Simpson, The Veronicas Among The Winners At MTV Australia Video Music Awards"], MTV News, April 13, 2006.</ref> Simpson nwere ọrụ imi n'April 2006. Na mbipụta nke May 2007 nke ''Harper's Bazaar ,'' o kwuru na ya enweghị nchebe banyere ọdịdị ya ma ọ bụ na ọ dịbu mbụ. O kwuru na ịwa ahụ rọba bụ “nhọrọ onwe onye” nke mmadụ kwesịrị ikpebi naanị imere onwe ya ọ bụghị maka ndị ọzọ. <ref>Jenny Hontz, ''Harper's Bazaar'', May 2007.</ref> N'ajụjụ ọnụ na September 2007, nna ya, Joe Simpson, kọwara maka ịwa ahụ Ashlee mere: "E nwere ezigbo nsogbu na iku ume ya, nke ahụ bu nke a gwọrọ." N'etiti afọ 2006, Simpson gbara ajụjụ ọnụ na magazin ''Marie Claire'', bụ nke o kwuru na ya "anabataghi echiche gbagọrọ agbagọ nke Hollywood banyere ịma mma nwanyị" e wee see foto ya na otu ìgwè ụmụ agbọghọ na-enweghị ihe ọ bụla si n'ụlọ akwụkwọ Los Angeles Green Dot Public School. <ref>Dennis Hensley, "Ashlee Simpson's Body Language", ''Marie Claire'', July 2006, pages 50–54.</ref> Ka ọ na-erule oge akwụkwọ akụkọ ahụ ruru n'ụlọ ahịa akụkọ, Simpson enweelarị ọrụ imi ya, ụfọdụ ndị na-agụ ''Marie Claire'' mekwara mkpesa na nke a bụ ihu abụọ. Magazin ahụ nwetara akwụkwọ mkpesa karịrị otu puku, onye mbipụta ọhụrụ nke magazin ahụ gbasakwara akụkụ akwụkwọ ozi nke mbipụta September nke magazin ahụ iji nye ndị na-agụ akwụkwọ ohere ikwupụta nkụda mmụọ ha. <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20061022234611/http://www.rollingstone.com/rockdaily/index.php/2006/07/31/marie-claire-goes-edgy-and-anti-simpson/ "Marie Claire Goes Edgy and Anti-Simpson"], Rollingstone.com, July 31, 2006.</ref> <ref>Jennifer Vineyard, [https://web.archive.org/web/20090519025029/http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1537872/08032006/simpson_ashlee.jhtml "''Marie Claire'' Editor, Readers Lash Out At Ashlee Simpson"], MTV News, August 4, 2006.</ref> Simpson malitere njem nlegharị anya North America nke atọ ya, njem maka egwu ya ọ kpọrọ L.O.V.E iji kwalite ọba nke abụọ ya. A mara ọkwa na a ga-ewepụtakwa ''egwu 'I Am Me'<nowiki/>'' n'ime ọnwa ndị na-esote na-egosi egwu ọhụrụ " Invisible ," ngughari nke egwu Jaded Era . <ref>Carrie Borzillo-Vrenna, "Teen People's 25 Hottest Stars Under Twenty-Five: Hot Survivor", ''Teen People'', June/July 2006, page 143.</ref> E wepụtara otu egwu ahụ na June 2006 wee gaa n'ihu na ọnụ ọgụgụ iri abụo na otu na Hot 100. Ọ ghọrọ egwu ya nke abụọ ya ịbanye n'egwu iri kacha elu nke ndeputa Mainstream Top 40 dabere na ikuku redio pop. <ref>Fred Bronson, [http://www.billboard.com/bbcom/chart_beat/chat_display.jsp?vnu_content_id=1002950520 Chart Beat Chat – "Will Paris Match?"]</ref> N'ikpeazụ, a kwadoro na a kagbuola mwepụtaghachi nke ''<nowiki/>'I Am Me''' . Na 2006, Simpson mere ihe nkiri dị ka Roxie Hart na mmepụta egwu West End nke ''Chicago'' site na Septemba 25 ruo Ọktoba 28, 2006. Ọ nwetara nyocha kacha mma. <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20080610060632/http://www.broadway.com/gen/Buzz_Story.aspx?ci=536656 "Pop Singer Ashlee Simpson to Play Chicago's Roxie in London"], Broadway.com, September 14, 2006.</ref> A kọwara ọrụ ya na ihe nkiri ahụ dị ka nke "na-egbu maramara na nso enweghị ntụpọ." Mgbe ya na Olita kewara, a kwadoro na Simpson nọ na mmekọrịta ya na onye òtù Fall Out Boy nke aha ya bu Pete Wentz . <ref>[https://people.com/celebrity/ashlee-simpson-divorce-from-pete-wentz/ "Ashlee Simpson-Wentz Files for Divorce"]. </ref> === 2007–2011: ''<nowiki/>'Bittersweet World','' ịbụ nne, alụmdi na nwunye na ịlaghachi na okporoụzọ === [[Usòrò:Ashlee_Simpson_2008.jpg|thumb| Simpson na mmemme Grammy na 2008.|332x332px]] [[Usòrò:Ashlee_Simpson-Wentz_at_CW_Upfront_2009_2.jpg|thumb| Simpson na 2009]] N'ịgbaso ọdịdị ya dị ka Roxie Hart, Simpson kwadoro na ọ malitere ịrụ ọrụ na ọbá egwu nke atọ ya, nke echere na mbụ na a ga- wwepụta ya na njedebe 2007. <ref>James Montgomery, [http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1576807/20071219/simpson_ashlee.jhtml "Ashlee Simpson shows Christmas Gifts For Fans (New Album Title) And Pete Wentz (Shh!]</ref> Onye isi oche Geffen Records Ron Fair kwuru na Disemba 2006 na ịrụ ọrụ na ọba egwu Simpson na-esote ga-abụ nke "dị aghụghọ" n'ihi nyocha nke ndị nta akụkọ na "ajọ mbunobi", mana na Geffen ga-eso ya rụkọọ ọrụ iji merie nke ahụ, n'ihi na o kwesịrị ka a nụ ya nakwa na o kwesịrị ka enye ya ohere" <ref>[http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1547396/20061206/stefani_gwen.jhtml "For The Record: Quick News On Gwen, Good Charlotte, Christina, Katharine McPhee, Ashlee, Rihanna & More"], MTV News, December 6, 2006.</ref> N'ịtụ anya ịtụgharị gaa na ụda ọhụrụ, Simpson depụtara ndị na-emepụta egwu Timbaland na The Neptunes ka ha nye ụda égwu maka ọrụ ahụ. <ref>James Montgomery, [http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1585681/20080416/simpson_ashlee.jhtml "Ashlee Simpson Ready To Unleash Pete Wentz-Free ''Bittersweet World''"], MTV News, April 17, 2008.</ref> Simpson weputara otu egwu dị n'ọbá egwu ya, " Outta My Head (Ay Ya Ya) ", na Disemba 2007. Egwu ahụ nwere ihe dị iche iche nke synthpop ma ihe nkiri nke 1980 nwere mmetụta dị ukwuu. <ref name="Chron">Joey Guerra, [http://www.chron.com/disp/story.mpl/headline/features/5718319.html ''Bittersweet World'' review], ''Houston Chronicle'', April 21, 2008.</ref> Otu ọ dị, egwu ahụ abataghi na chaati Hot 100 na United States, n'agbanyeghị na o nwere ihe ịga nke ọma n'oke na mpaghara mba ụwa. ''Bittersweet World'', usoro egwu Simpson nke atọ, ka ewepụtara na Eprel 19, 2008. Ndekọ ahụ hụrụ mbelata nke Simpson, na-arụ ọrụ na nọmba nke anọ na ''Billboard'' 200 na ahịa izu mbụ nke mbipụta puku iri anọ na asaa. <ref name="Mariah">Katie Hasty, [http://www.billboard.com/articles/news/1045704/mariah-carey-remains-atop-billboard-200 "Mariah Carey Remains Atop Billboard 200"], Billboard.com, April 30, 2008.</ref> Simpson weputara mkpokọta uwe elu na mmekorita ya na onye na-ere uwe Wet Seal na Eprel 22, 2008, n'otu ụbọchị ahụ ewepụtara ''Bittersweet World'' na mbs United States. <ref>[http://www.businesswire.com/portal/site/google/?ndmViewId=news_view&newsId=20080327005305&newsLang=en "Ashlee Simpson Designs for Wet Seal to Premiere April 22nd"], Wet Seal press release (Business Wire), March 27, 2008.</ref> Ọbá egwu ahụ gara n'ihu na-ere mbipụta puku otu narị na iri abụọ na isii n'ime afọ mbụ nke ewepụtara ya, na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ọba egwu ya a kacha ere ruo taa. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://blogs.reuters.com/world-wrap/2009/04/08/jessica-simpsons-country-foray-is-over/|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304111851/http://blogs.reuters.com/world-wrap/2009/04/08/jessica-simpsons-country-foray-is-over/|archivedate=2016-03-04|title=Jessica Simpson's country foray is over|work=Reuters}}</ref> Ntọhapụ a rụrụ dị ka ọba egwu ikpeazụ Simpson site na Geffen Records. Na February 2008, Simpson malitere iyi mgbanaka diamond. O mechara kọwaa na ọ bụ mgbanaka nkwa sitere n'aka Wentz. <ref>[https://people.com/celebrity/ashlee-simpson-not-engaged-yet/ Ashlee Simpson Not Engaged Yet!"]</ref> N'April 2008, Simpson na Wentz kwadoro njikọ aka ha, <ref name="Engaged">[https://web.archive.org/web/20080411102406/http://www.eonline.com/news/article/index.jsp?uuid=04c4a285-048f-484c-a07f-5f1f7e728746 "Ashlee and Pete Fall into Engagement"], E! Online, April 9, 2008.</ref> ha lụrụ na Mee 17, 2008, n'ebe obibi nne na nna Simpson na Encino, California, ebe ọ bụ nna ya na-elekọta ememe ahụ. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://people.com/celebrity/ashlee-simpson-and-pete-wentz-get-married/|title=Ashlee Simpson and Pete Wentz Get Married!|accessdate=May 18, 2008|date=May 17, 2008|work=[[People (magazine)|People Magazine]]|first=Ulrica|author=Wihlborg|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080601040756/http://www.people.com/people/article/0%2C%2C20200954%2C00.html|archivedate=June 1, 2008}}</ref> Ọ gbanwere aha nna ya site na Simpson gaa Wentz, na n'oge alụmdi na nwunye a maara ya dị ka Ashlee Simpson-Wentz. <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1588218/20080528/simpson_ashlee.jhtml|author=James Montgomery|title=Ashlee Simpson Plans To Change Name To Ashlee Simpson-Wentz|date=May 28, 2008|publisher=MTV News|accessdate=June 30, 2009}}</ref> Ọ bụ n'oge a ka Simpson wepụtara abụ " Little Miss Obsessive " dịka nke abụọ sitere na ''Bittersweet World'' . <ref name="auto">[http://ashleesimpsonmusic.com/news/default.aspx/nid/12628 ""Little Miss Obsessive" Single Out Today!"] </ref> Egwu ahụ enwetaghị mwepụta na Europe, mana o rutere n'ọnụ ọgụgụ kasị elu nke irí itoolu na isii na chaatị Hot 100 na United States. <ref name="auto" /> Ọ malitekwara ịpụta na mgbasa ozi maka ndị na-ere ahịa Canada Zellers iji kwalite ahịrị uwe ha nwere onwe ha, ''nke a kpọrọ Request'', n'etiti 2008. Izu abụọ ka agbamakwụkwọ ya gasịrị, Simpson kwupụtara afọ ime ya, si otú a kwụsị nkwalite nke "Little Miss Obsessive" na ọbá egwu nne na nna. <ref name="people" /> Simpson mụrụ nwa nwoke aha ya bụ Bronx na November 20, 2008. <ref name="people.com">{{Cite web|url=https://people.com/parents/its-a-boy-for-ashlee-pete/|title=It's a Boy for Ashlee & Pete!|accessdate=February 13, 2019|first=Marisa|author=Laudadio|date=November 21, 2008|work=People|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081202022408/http://www.people.com/people/article/0%2C%2C20238396%2C00.html|archivedate=December 2, 2008}}</ref> [[Usòrò:AshleeSimpsonMay10.jpg|áká_èkpè|thumb| Simpson na 2010]] Na 2009, Simpson laghachiri n'uju n'ime ihe nkiri telivishọn site n'ịrụ ọrụ nke Violet Foster na ''Melrose Place'', Mgbanwe nke CW nke usoro 1990 nke otu aha ahụ . <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/hr/content_display/television/news/e3if926640132f1fcca22b5eb8af9113e87|title=Ashlee Simpson moves into 'Melrose Place'|publisher=Nielsen Business Media, Inc.|work=The Hollywood Reporter|accessdate=December 2, 2009|date=March 9, 2009|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100108102127/http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/hr/content_display/television/news/e3if926640132f1fcca22b5eb8af9113e87|archivedate=January 8, 2010|first=Nellie|author=Andreeva}}</ref> Ebu ụzọ bịanye aka na ihe ngosi ahụ dị ka onye na-eme ihe mgbe niile, mana ndị na-emepụta ihe na ndị isi CW kpebiri ịkwụsị àgwà ya. Simpson hapụrụ ihe nkiri ahụ ka ihe omume iri na abụọ gachara wee kwuo na ya amatala kamgbe na agwa ya ga-ahapụ ihe nkiri ahụ ozugbo e kwubiri akụkọ ihe omimi igbu ọchụ. <ref>[http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1624515/ashlee-simpson-off-melrose-place.jhtml "Ashlee Simpson Off Of 'Melrose Place'"]. </ref> <ref>[https://people.com/tv/ashlee-simpson-wentz-colin-egglesfield-moving-out-of-melrose-place/ "Ashlee Simpson-Wentz & Colin Egglesfield Moving Out of Melrose Place"]. </ref> N'agbanyeghị nke a, nwanne Ashlee ekwuwo okwu megide usoro a, na-ekwu na Simpson wetara ihe ngosi a n'efu. <ref name="people" /> Mgbe ọ hapụrụ ''Melrose Place'', Simpson kwughachiri ọrụ ya na mmepụta egwu Broadway ''Chicago'' . Ọ malitere nlọghachị Broadway ya na Nọvemba 30, 2009, wee mee ihe ngosi asatọ na New York otu izu ruo February 7, 2010. <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.nydailynews.com/entertainment/music/2009/11/16/2009-11-16_ashlee_simpsonwentz_headed_for_broadway_will_be_newest_roxie_hart_in_longrunning.html|title=Ashlee Simpson-Wentz headed for Broadway; will be newest Roxie Hart in long-running 'Chicago'|work=[[NY Daily News]]|accessdate=December 2, 2009|date=November 16, 2009|first=Robert|author=Dominguez}}</ref> Na February 9, 2011, Simpson gbara akwụkwọ maka ịgba alụkwaghịm na Wentz, na-ekwu maka esemokwu na-enweghị ike imezi, ma rịọ ka eweghachi aha nwa agbọghọ ya. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.eonline.com/uberblog/b225117_whoamdashashlee_simpson-wentz_files.html|title=Whoa—Ashlee Simpson-Wentz Files for Divorce!|work=E! Online|date=February 9, 2011|accessdate=February 9, 2011|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110304202209/http://www.eonline.com/uberblog/b225117_whoamdashashlee_simpson-wentz_files.html|archivedate=March 4, 2011}}</ref> Emechara ịgba alụkwaghịm na Nọvemba 22, 2011. <ref>[https://people.com/crime/ashlee-simpson-divorce-from-pete-wentz-is-finalized/ "Ashlee Simpson Divorce from Peter Wentz Finalized"]. </ref> <ref>[http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/gossip/2011/12/ashlee-simpson-and-pete-wentz-finalize-divorce.html "Ashlee Simpson and Peter Wentz finalize divorce"]. </ref> Di na nwunye mbụ ahụ wepụtara nkwupụta na-esote ọkwa ahụ, na-ekwupụta "Anyị ka bụ ndị enyi na ndị nne na nna nwere obi ike na ịhụnanya nye nwa anyị nwoke Bronx, onye obi ụtọ na ọdịmma ya ka bụ ihe mbụ anyị na-ebute ụzọ." <ref name="people" /> Simpson pụtara na ihe omume nke abụọ nke The CW's ''America's America's Next Top Model, Cycle 17'' dị ka onye ọka ikpe ọbịa. O mepụtara ahịrị ejiji maka ụmụ agbọghọ dị afọ asaa ruo iri na isii na mmekorita ya na akara nwanne ya nwanyị na-aga nke ọma. Simpson bụ onye na-ahụ maka ngalaba okike nke ahịrị, nke ewepụtara n'oge oyi nke 2011. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.eonline.com/uberblog/b244876_jessica_ashlee_simpson_new_tween.html|title=Jessica & Ashlee Simpson New Tween Fashion Line: Is It Any Good?|author=Stewart|first=Ella|work=E! Online|date=June 1, 2011}}</ref> === 2012-ugbu a: Alụmdi na nwunye nke abụọ na ihe omume telivishọn === N'oge na-adịghị anya mgbe ya na Wentz kewapuru, a kwadoro na Simpson nọ na mmekọrịta ya na onye na-eme ihe nkiri Vincent Piazza, ọ bụ ezie na ha abụọ kwụsịrị mmekọrịta ha ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ otu afọ na ọkara mgbe ha malitere ịlụ. <ref>[http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/11/27/ashlee-simpson-vincent-piazza-split-couple-call-it-quits_n_2198217.html "Ashlee Simpson, Vincent Piazza Split: Couple Call It Quits After A Year And A Half Of Dating"]. </ref> Simpson kwadoro n'oge a gbara ajụjụ ọnụ na 2011 na ọ malitere ịrụ ọrụ maka usoro egwu nke anọ ya, nke ọ kọwara dị ka inwe "mmetụta ndị mmadụ." <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://x17online.com/celebrities/ashlee_simpson/ashlee_simpson_to_release_folky_album_fashion_line-09092010.php|title=Ashlee Simpson To Release "Folky" Album & Fashion Line}}</ref> <ref>[http://www.papermag.com/2010/09/ash_papermag_found_a_new.php "Ashlee Simpson On Her New Album, Her New Clothing Line and Shiny Airwalks"]. </ref> Na 2012, Simpson wepụtara otu egwu a kpọrọ "Bat for a Heart." Ọ bụ ezie na otu egwu ahụ nwere egwu ndị doro anya na vidiyo egwu na-adịghị mma, ọ nweghị ihe ịga nke ọma. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://perezhilton.com/2013-01-18-bethenny-frankel-post-divorce-boyfriend-warren-lichenstein#.VgY0tstViko|title=Ashlee Simpson Bats For A Heart And Makes Us Uncomfortable In Her New Music Video!!|work=perezhilton.com}}</ref> Ọ bụ onye ama ama na-ede abụ bụ Linda Perry dere ma deekwa egwu a. <ref name="popdust">{{Cite web|url=http://popdust.com/2012/11/21/ashlee-simpson-bat-for-a-heart-new/|title=Ashlee Simpson Has a Super-Weird New Song Called 'Bat for a Heart' - Popdust|date=November 21, 2012|work=Popdust}}</ref> Egwu ahụ nwetara nnabata dị iche iche mgbe ewepụtara ya. <ref name="popdust" /> Simpson mechara kwuo na ọba ahụ na-etolite dịka ụda eletrọnịkị. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.usmagazine.com/entertainment/news/ashlee-simpson-reveals-lingerie-curses-in-bat-for-a-heart-music-video-2012111|title=Ashlee Simpson Reveals Lingerie, Curses in "Bat for a Heart" Music Video|date=November 1, 2012|work=usmagazine.com}}</ref> Agbanyeghị, "Bat for a Heart" jere ozi dị ka mwepụta egwu ikpeazụ nke Simpson ruo ọtụtụ afọ mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, na-enweghị atụmatụ egwu ọ bụla ekwuputara nakwa weebụsaịtị ya bu nke e mechiri emechi. <ref name="ashleesimpsonmusic.com">{{Cite web|url=http://ashleesimpsonmusic.com/|title=Archived copy|accessdate=2005-09-08|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20050908105235/http://www.ashleesimpsonmusic.com/|archivedate=September 8, 2005}}</ref> Na June 2012, a mara ọkwa na Simpson na-eme ihe nkiri ''Pawn Shop Chronicles'' na Baton Rouge, Louisiana, ihe nkiri na-atọ ọchị a kwadoro maka mwepụta na 2013. <ref name=":0">[https://web.archive.org/web/20140906204126/http://scenelouisiana.com/pawn-shop-chronicles-begins-shooting-in-baton-rouge/2012/06/ "‘Pawn Shop Chronicles’ begins shooting in Baton Rouge"]. </ref> Simpson gosipụtara omume Roxie Hart nke ugboro atọ na egwu ''Chicago,'' oge a na emepụta mmepụta nke Hollywood Bowl nke ihe nkiri ahụ. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.playbill.com/news/article/ashlee-simpson-will-play-roxie-in-hollywood-bowl-staging-of-chicago-207322|title=Ashlee Simpson Will Play Roxie in Hollywood Bowl Staging of Chicago|work=Playbill}}</ref> Ọrụ Simpson nwetara ntụle dị iche iche, n'agbanyeghị na a kọwara ya dị ka "ọkacha amasị ndị na-ege ntị". <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://variety.com/2013/legit/reviews/review-chicago-hollywood-bowl-1200568904/|title=Review Chicago Hollywood Bowl - Variety|author=Bob Verini|work=Variety}}</ref> Na July 2013, a kọrọ na Simpson amalitela ịlụ onye na-eme ihe nkiri Evan Ross, nwa onye ọbụ abụ Diana Ross . <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://people.com/celebrity/ashlee-simpson-dating-evan-ross-couple-spotted-out-holding-hands/|title=Is Ashlee Simpson Dating Evan Ross?|accessdate=February 13, 2019|date=July 3, 2013|work=People|first=Andrea|author=Billups}}</ref> Simpson na Ross jikọrọ aka na Jenụwarị 2014, <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://people.com/celebrity/ashlee-simpson-engaged-to-evan-ross/|title=Ashlee Simpson Engaged to Evan Ross|accessdate=February 13, 2019|date=January 13, 2014|work=People|first=Sheila|author=Cosgrove Baylis}}</ref> wee lụọ na Ọgọst 30, 2014 n'ụlọDiana Ross na [[Kónétíkùt|Connecticut]] . <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://people.com/celebrity/ashlee-simpson-and-evan-ross-are-married/|title=Ashlee Simpson and Evan Ross Are Married|accessdate=September 1, 2014|date=August 31, 2014|work=People|first=Mia|author=McNiece}}</ref> Di na nwunye ahụ nabatara nwa nwanyị aha ya bụ Jagger Snow na Julaị 30, 2015. <ref>{{Cite news|author=Vulpo|first=Mike|title=Ashlee Simpson Ross Gives Birth! Singer and Evan Ross Welcome a Baby Girl!|url=http://www.eonline.com/news/675854/ashlee-simpson-ross-gives-birth-singer-and-evan-ross-welcome-a-baby-girl|accessdate=August 1, 2015|work=[[E! News]]|date=July 31, 2015}}</ref> N'otu ọnwa ahụ, Simpson na di ya gbara akwụkwọ ka ha gbanwee aha nna ha ka ọ bụrụ Ross-Næss. Næss bụ aha nna nna ya nke iwu kwadoro (nke sitere na nna ya, onye ọchụnta ego Arne Næss Jr. ), ebe Ross bụ aha nna nke nne ya. <ref name="billboard-surname" /> Na May 2016, Simpson kwuru na ya na-eche na ọ ga-ekwe omume ịlaghachi na-eme ihe iji lekwasị anya n'ịmepụta ọba ọhụrụ: "Mu na di m na-ede egwú na nke ahụ bụ ihe na-atọ ụtọ, anyị ka [na-agbalị ime] chọta ụda anyị, anyị edeela dị ka egwu irí mana anyị ga-edekwa ọtụtụ egwu ndi ọzọ." <ref name=":0" /> Mana na mbido 2005, webụsaịtị egwu ya gara na-anọghị n'ịntanetị—n'ihi na o nwere mperi—ruo ọnwa ndị na-esote ya, na mbido Septemba 2018, ọ nọgidere na-anọghị n'ịntanetị n'agbanyeghị na ọ na-ekwu na ọ ga-alaghachi n'egwu. <ref name="ashleesimpsonmusic.com" /> N'otu afọ ahụ, Simpson kwupụtara olu Strelka na ihe nkiri ''Space Dogs Adventure to the Moon ,'' n'akụkụ Alicia Silverstone . <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt3600950/|title=Space Dogs: Adventure to the Moon|work=IMDB}}</ref> Simpson gosikwara ''anyị kwa izu'' na a ga-ewepụta egwu ọhụrụ na 2019, nke pụtara na-egosi na ọ na-arụ ọrụ na ọbá egwu ya nke anọ na-abịa mgbe afọ iri na otu gachara. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.usmagazine.com/celebrity-news/news/ashlee-simpson-promises-new-music-in-2017-w455967|title=Ashlee Simpson Promises New Music in 2017|date=December 14, 2016|work=Us Weekly}}</ref> Na Septemba 9, 2018, e mere ya ka ọ laghachi na ụwa nke ihe ngosi TV na ''Ashlee + Evan ,'' na E! Entertainment Television . <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.eonline.com/shows/ashlee_and_evan/videos/273584/evan-ross-ashlee-simpson-talk-e-show|title=Evan Ross & Ashlee Simpson Talk E! Show on Ashlee and Evan|work=E! Online}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/07/10/style/ashlee-simpson-evan-ross-reality-show.html|title=Ashlee Simpson's New Reality|work=The New York Times}}</ref> Simpson na Ross wepụtara otu egwu ha gụkọrọ ọnụ nke mbụ ha, "I Do" na Septemba 7, 2018. <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/pop/8473410/ashlee-simpson-ross-i-do-evan-ross-new-single|title=Ashlee Simpson-Ross Announces New Single With Husband Evan Ross, 'I Do'|work=Billboard|accessdate=September 11, 2018}}</ref> A na-atụ anya na di na nwunye ahụ ga-eweputa usoro egwu zuru oke mgbe afọ ahụ gasịrị, <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/pop/8474056/ashlee-simpson-evan-ross-debut-single-i-do|title=Ashlee Simpson & Evan Ross Release Debut Joint Single, 'I Do': Listen|work=Billboard|accessdate=2018-09-11}}</ref> mana kama ha wepụtara ndekọ egwu agbatịri, <nowiki><i id="mwAe8">Ashlee + Evan</i></nowiki> . N'April 2020, Simpson kwupụtara na ya dị ime nwa nke atọ, nwa nwoke. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Baby on the Way for Evan Ross and Ashlee Simpson: 'They Always Wanted a Big Family,' Says Source|url=https://people.com/parents/ashlee-simpson-pregnant-expecting-third-child-evan-ross/|work=PEOPLE.com|language=EN|accessdate=2020-04-30}}</ref> Ọ mụrụ Ziggy Blu na Ọktoba 29, 2020. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Isaac|first=Paulina Jayne|date=2020-11-01|title=Ashlee Simpson Welcomes Son Ziggy Blu With Husband Evan Ross|url=https://www.cosmopolitan.com/entertainment/celebs/a34543898/ashlee-simpson-evan-ross-welcome-son-ziggy-blu/|accessdate=2020-11-04|work=Cosmopolitan|language=en-US}}</ref> == Oyiyi ọha == Simpson akwadola mkpuchi nke ọtụtụ akwụkwọ akụkọ ejiji nke mba ụwa, gke ụnyere US ''Health Women's Health'', ''Jane, CosmoGirl'', ''Shape'', ''Allure'', ''YM'', ''Marie Claire'', ''Redbook'' na ''Seventeen'' ; M''ermany'' ''<nowiki/>'s Glamour'' ''Blenda'' nke Japan na ''Elle'' ; n''Russia's Ele'' ''Girl''nke Russia . <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.famousfix.com/topic/ashlee-simpson/magazines|title=Ashlee Simpson Magazine Cover Photos - List of magazine covers featuring Ashlee Simpson - FamousFix|work=FamousFix.com|accessdate=2019-09-08}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.imdb.com/name/nm1249883/publicity/|title=Ashlee Simpson|work=IMDb|accessdate=2019-09-08}}</ref> Ọ pụtara na ọtụtụ mbipụta mba ụwa nke ''Cosmopolitan'', dị ka Georgia, Serbia, Russia, Italy, Greece, Ukraine, Slovenia, Netherlands, US na Australia. Ọ pụtawo na mgbasa ozi telivishọn maka Liquid Ice, HP, Zellers na [[Pizza Hut]] . Ọ pụtara na mgbasa ozi mbipụta maka Skechers na ThermaSilk . <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20060718005385/en/Ashlee-Simpson-SKECHERS-Team|title=Ashlee Simpson and SKECHERS Team Up|date=2006-07-19|work=www.businesswire.com|language=en|accessdate=2019-09-08}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.irishexaminer.com/breakingnews/entertainment/music:topstory/ashlee-simpson-the-face-of-skechers-282873.html|title=Ashlee Simpson the face of Skechers|date=2006-10-27|work=www.irishexaminer.com|language=en|accessdate=2019-09-08}}</ref> ''Forbes'' depụtara Simpson dị ka otu n'ime ndị na-eto eto bara ọgaranya, a na-akọ na ọ nwetara ihe karịrị nde dọla asatọ na 2005. ''Forbes'' debere Simpson na di ya mgbe ahụ Pete Wentz na nke iri abụọ na ndepụta ha nke "Top 20 Celebrity Cash Couples" na ego ha nwekọtara rụrụ nde dọla itoolu na pụkụ narị ise. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.eonline.com/photos/480/forbes-top-20-celebrity-cash-couples/11976|title=Pete Wentz and Ashlee Simpson from Forbes Top 20 Celebrity Cash Couples|work=E! Online|language=en-US|accessdate=2019-09-08}}</ref> Site na mwepụta nke ''Autobiography'', Simpson bara n'ahịa ozugbo dị ka "onye na-agba Britney mgba", na-atụnyere ndị na-agu egeu dị ka Avril Lavigne na Fefe Dobson . <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.canada.com/saskatoonstarphoenix/story.html?id=7bd7d6e7-4de4-4635-b506-b8f6cdcd78ac|title=Avril Lavigne clones, beware. Pop princess still a street fighter|work=canada.com|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151108023540/http://www.canada.com/saskatoonstarphoenix/story.html?id=7bd7d6e7-4de4-4635-b506-b8f6cdcd78ac|archivedate=November 8, 2015}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/07/17/ashlee-simpson-autobiography_n_5595686.html|title=Let's Get Angsty And Remember Ashlee Simpson's 'Autobiography'|work=The Huffington Post}}</ref> Mgbasa ozi gosipụtara onyonyo na ụdị ya dịka nke dị iche na nke nwanne ya nwanyị Jessica. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://nymag.com/thecut/2011/06/ashlee_simpsons_style_evolutio.html|title=Ashlee Simpson's Style Evolution|author=Lauren Murrow|work=The Cut}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.thegloss.com/2013/07/31/fashion/jessica-simpson-clothing-line-ashlee-simpson/|title=Ashlee Simpson Models Jessica Simpson's Clothing Line|work=TheGloss|accessdate=September 26, 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150927190849/http://www.thegloss.com/2013/07/31/fashion/jessica-simpson-clothing-line-ashlee-simpson/|archivedate=September 27, 2015}}</ref> Site na ihe ịga nke ọma nke usoro telivishọn nke Jessica, ''Newlyweds'', ụmụnne nwanyị ghọrọ aha ezinụlọ na mgbasa ozi wee bụrụ ihe a na-elekwasị anya nke ukwuu. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.etonline.com/tv/150008_nick_lachey_has_a_new_reality_show_but_now_we_really_miss_newlyweds/|title=Nick Lachey Has a New Reality Show But Now We Really Miss 'Newlyweds'|work=Entertainment Tonight}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://dvd.netflix.com/Movie/Newlyweds-Nick-Jessica/70180074|title=Newlyweds: Nick & Jessica|work=netflix.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.vh1.com/news/82509/groundbreaking-reality-tv-moments/|title=Reality TV's Most Groundbreaking Pop Culture Moments|work=VH1 News}}</ref> Ọ na-ekwu na ọ bụ mgbe ọ bụ nwata ka ọ malitere ịbụ abụ ma kweta na ọ rọrọ nrọ ịnọ na Broadway na ọ tụghị anya ịbanye na otu egwu pop. Ọ na-eji onye nchịkwa olu na-azụ ọzụzụ, ma mụọ Etta James na Aretha Franklin ọba maka mkpali olu. <ref>Thor Christensen, [https://web.archive.org/web/20080610100135/http://www.guidelive.com/sharedcontent/dws/ent/columnists/tchristensen/stories/DN-ashlee_0616gui.ART.State.Edition1.27d22a0.html "Ashlee Simpson finds a high note in every low point of her career"], ''The Dallas Morning News'' (GuideLive.com), June 16, 2006.</ref> O kwupụtala Guns N 'Roses, Gwen Stefani, Enweghị obi abụọ, Joan Jett, The Runaways, [[Madonna]], Pat Benatar, Green Day, Alanis Morissette, Fiona Apple, Chrissie Hynde, na Debbie Harry si Blondie dị ka mmetụta egwu ya. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.contactmusic.com/info/ashlee_simpson|title=Ashlee Simpson &#124; Biography|work=Contactmusic|accessdate=May 25, 2014}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|author=Spence D.|url=http://www.ign.com/articles/2004/07/20/ashlee-simpson-11-questions|title=Ashlee Simpson: 11 Questions|work=IGN|date=July 20, 2004|accessdate=May 25, 2014}}</ref> == Ihe nkiri == === Ihe nkiri === {| class="wikitable sortable" !Afọ ! Aha ! Ọrụ ! class="unsortable" | Ihe ndetu |- | 2002 | ''The Hot Chick'' | Monique | |- | 2005 | ''Achọpụtabeghị'' | Dị ọcha | |- | 2006 | ''Akwụkwọ ịkpọ òkù Kelly Slater Celebrity Surf'' | Onwe ya | Ihe nkiri onyonyo |- | 2013 | ''Akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ụlọ ahịa Pawn'' | Theresa | |- | 2016 | ''Njem Nkịta Space na Ọnwa'' | Strelka | Olu |} === Igwe onyonyo === {| class="wikitable sortable" !Afọ ! Aha ! Ọrụ ! class="unsortable" | Ihe ndetu |- | 2001 | ''Malcolm na Middle'' | Nwanyị ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị | Ihe omume: "Reese Cooks" |- | 2002-2004 | ''Eluigwe nke asaa'' | Cecilia Smith | nkeji 40 |- | 2003 | ''Ikwuru gịnị?'' ''Karaoke'' | Onwe ya / Onye ikpe | |- | 2003-2005 | ''Ndị lụrụ ọhụrụ: Nick na Jessica'' | rowspan="2" | Onwe ya | Ihe ngosi 5 |- | rowspan="2" | 2004-2005 | ''Ihe ngosi Ashlee Simpson'' | nkeji iri na asatọ |- | ''Abalị Satọde Live'' | Onwe ya / Onye ọbịa egwu | Iwu Jud / Ashlee Simpson<br /><br /><br /><br /><nowiki></br></nowiki> " Jon Heder / Ashlee Simpson" |- | 2005 | ''Punk'd'' | rowspan="2" | Onwe ya | Ihe omume: "Ashlee Simpson" |- | rowspan="2" | 2008 | ''Nkịta na-ekwu okwu'' | Ihe omume: "Cricket na Hemingway & Rigby" |- | ''Ụmụ nwanyị rụrụ arụ'' | Onwe ya / onye na-eme ihe | Ihe omume: "Mmemme #12.167" |- | 2009 | ''CSI: NY'' | Lila Wickfield | Ihe omume: " Ebe Ọ dịghị nloghachi " |- | 2009-2010 | ''Ebe Melrose'' | Violet Foster | nkeji iri na atọ |- | 2010 | ''Jessica Simpson: Ezi ekeresimesi'' | Onwe ya / Ọbịa pụrụiche | Ihe nkiri onyonyo |- | 2011 | ''Ihe nlere anya kacha nke America'' | Onwe ya / Onye ọka ikpe ọbịa | Ihe omume: "Ashlee Simpson" |- | 2018 | ''Ashlee + Evan'' | rowspan="2" | Onwe ya | 6 akụkụ; nakwa onye na-emepụta ihe |- | 2019 | ''Wepu Mic'' | Ihe omume: "Mike Colter vs. Ne-Yo na Christina Milian vs. Ashlee Simpson" |- | 2020 | ''The Bachelor Presents: Gee obi gị ntị'' | Onwe ya / Onye ikpe | Ihe omume: "izu nke ise -- Ọkara ikpeazụ" |} === Ụlọ ihe nkiri === {| class="wikitable sortable" !Afọ ! Aha ! Ọrụ ! class="unsortable" | Ihe ndetu |- | 2006 | rowspan="3" | ''Chicago'' | rowspan="3" | ''Roxie Hart'' | West End |- | 2009 | Broadway |- | 2013 | Hollywood Bowl |} == Ihe ngosi == * ''Autobiographye'' (2004) * ''I Am Me'' (2005) * ''Bittersweet World'' (2008) == Hụkwa == * Ndepụta onyinye na nhọpụta Ashlee Simpson nwetara * Ndepụta nke njem egwu nke Ashlee Simpson == Ebensidee == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * Official website * Ashlee Simpson at Curlie * {{IMDb name|1249883|Ashlee Simpson}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] hd2bpxvde5msm35638hb5owvlue0zec 0 12747 727503 589032 2026-09-24T04:02:43Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727503 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Category:Articles with hCards]] {{Infobox person | name = Bridget van Kralingen | birth_date = 1963 | birth_place = [[England]] | citizenship = [[South Africa]] | education = | alma_mater = [[University of the Witwatersrand]], [[University of Johannesburg]], [[University of South Africa]] | occupation = Business executive | years_active = 1986–present | era = | employer = | organization = | known_for = | title = Senior VP of [[IBM|IBM Global Markets]] | boards = [[Royal Bank of Canada]], [[Partnership for New York City]] | awards = | website = <!-- {{URL|example.com}} --> }} '''Bridget A. van Kralingen''' (amụrụ 1963) <ref name="fortune2015">{{Cite web|url=http://fortune.com/most-powerful-women/bridget-van-kralingen-35/|title=Bridget Van Kralingen, 52|work=Fortune|year=2015|accessdate=10 September 2015}}</ref> bụ onye isi azụmaahịa amụrụ na England wee zụlite na [[South Africa]] . Malite na 2016, ọ jere ozi dị ka Senior Vice President nke ụlọọrụ IBM Global Industry Platforms na [[New York City]], ugbu a ọ bụ Senior VP nke IBM Global Markets . Tupu ịbanye IBM na 2004, ọ rụrụ ọrụ ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ afọ iri na anọ maka Deloitte n'ọtụtụ ọkwa nchịkwa. N'ịbụ onye gụrụ akwụkwọ na South Africa, e deputara aha ya na ndepụta nke ''Fortune'' ' s maka ụmụ nwanyị iri ise kachasị ike kemgbe 2005. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://archive.fortune.com/magazines/fortune/most-powerful-women/2011/snapshots/39.html|title=Most Powerful Women in Business 2011}}</ref> <ref name="new role">{{Cite web|url=https://www.linkedin.com/in/bridget-van-kralingen-89524415|title=Bridget van Kralingen, Senior Vice President IBM Global Market|work=LinkedIn}}</ref>  <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5D;</sup> == Agụmakwụkwọ == Van Kralingen nwetara nzere bachelọ na azụmaahịa na Mahadum Witwatersrand na 1984, wee mechaa nweta akara ugo mmụta nsọpụrụ na azụmaahịa sitere na Mahadum Johannesburg na 1985. Ọ nwetara nzere masta na azụmahịa na akparamaagwa na Mahadum South Africa na 1990. <ref name="linked">{{Cite web|url=https://www.linkedin.com/pub/bridget-van-kralingen/15/244/895|title=Bridget van Kralingen|publisher=[[LinkedIn]]|year=2015|accessdate=10 September 2015}}</ref> == Ọrụ == Van Kralingen malitere ọrụ ya dị ka onye nyocha dị elu maka Council for Science and Industrial Research na South Africa site na 1986 ruo 1989. Ọ kwagara Deloitte na South Africa, ebe ọ nọ na-elekọta Onye Mmekọ maka Strategy na Development Organisation site na 1989 ruo 1997. Na 1997 ọ kwagara New York City ka ọ rụọ ọrụ dị ka onye mmekọ nchịkwa mba maka ọrụ ego na Deloitte Consulting, ọkwa nke o jigidere ruo afọ 2004. <ref name=":0" /> N'April 2004 van Kralingen sonyeere IBM Global Services na New York City dị ka onye mmekọ njikwa ego zuru ụwa ọnụ. <ref name="linked" /> Na Nọvemba 2006, ewelitere ya ịbụ onye isi njikwa nke IBM Global Business Services maka Northeast Europe, Middle East, na Africa. <ref name="linked" /> Site na Jenụarị 2010 ruo Jenụarị 2012, ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye isi njikwa maka IBM North America. <ref name="linked" /> Na 2012, a kwalitere van Kralingen ka ọ bụrụ osote onye ịsị oche nke IBM Global Business Services. <ref name="eweek">{{Cite web|url=http://www.eweek.com/c/a/IT-Management/New-IBM-CEO-Rometty-Makes-Key-Management-Changes-296800|title=New IBM CEO Rometty Makes Key Management Changes|first=Darryl K.|author=Taft|work=[[eWeek]]|date=3 January 2012|accessdate=10 September 2015}}</ref> Dịka onye ji ọkwa osote onye isi oche, van Kralingen lekọtara ihe karịrị otu narị puku ndị ndụmọdụ na ndị na-enye ọrụ na mba otu narị na iri asaa. <ref name="ibm">{{Cite web|url=https://www-03.ibm.com/press/us/en/biography/36900.wss|title=Bridget van Kralingen|publisher=[[IBM]]|date=January 2014|accessdate=10 September 2015|archive-date=5 April 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190405002605/https://www-03.ibm.com/press/us/en/biography/36900.wss|url-status=dead}}</ref> Site na 2012 ruo 2019, o duuru IBM's Industry Platforms, guzobe IBM dị ka onye ndu na blockchain ụlọ ọrụ, na-ebupụta nyiwe ụlọ ọrụ na ndị ahịa yana ijikwa ike nke ụlọ ọrụ IBM na akaụntụ kacha ukwuu. N'April 2020, a kpọrọ van Kralingen osote onye isi oche nke IBM Global Markets, na-achịkwa otu ndị ahịa IBM, ndị mmekọ azụmahịa, mmepe azụmahịa na ike ụlọ ọrụ n'ụwa niile. N'ime ọrụ a, ọ bụ ya na-ahụ maka ego IBM nwetara, uru na afọ ojuju ndị ahịa n'ụwa niile. == Ihe omume ndị ọzọ == Na 2011 Van Kralingen sonyeere ndị isi oche nke Royal Bank of Canada . <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.rbc.com/newsroom/news/2011/20110617-appt-dir.html|title=Royal Bank of Canada Announces Appointment of Two New Directors (press release)|date=17 June 2011|accessdate=10 September 2015|publisher=[[Royal Bank of Canada]]}}</ref> Ọ bụkwa onye otu bọọdụ ndụmọdụ nke ọgbakọ anaghị akwụ ụgwọ nke a kpọrọ Partnership for New York City . == Nkwanye ugwu == Akpọrọ Van Kralingen na ndepụta ''Fortune'' ' maka ụmụ nwanyị iri ise kachasị ike maka afọ ise na-esochi afọ 2010 (2010-2015). Ọ ghọọrọ onye nke iri atọ na itoolu na 2011, <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://archive.fortune.com/magazines/fortune/most-powerful-women/2011/snapshots/39.html|title=50 Most Powerful Women in Business|date=17 October 2011|work=[[Fortune (magazine)|Fortune]]|accessdate=10 September 2015}}</ref> onye nke iri abụọ na atọ na 2012, <ref name="fortune2012">{{Cite web|url=http://archive.fortune.com/magazines/fortune/most-powerful-women/2012/snapshots/23.html|title=50 Most Powerful Women in Business|date=8 October 2012|work=Fortune|accessdate=10 September 2015}}</ref> onye nke iri abụọ na asatọ na 2013, <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://tcbmag.com/News/Recent-News/2013/October/Local-Exec-Among-50-Most-Powerful-Businesswomen|title=Local Exec. Among 50 "Most Powerful" Businesswomen|first=Rebecca|author=Omastiak|date=10 October 2013|accessdate=10 September 2015|work=Twin Cities Business Magazine}}</ref> onye nke iri atọ na asaa na 2014, <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://fortune.com/2014/02/06/the-50-most-powerful-women-in-business-global-edition-fortunes-most-powerful-women/|title=The 50 Most Powerful Women in Business: Global edition|work=Fortune|date=6 February 2014|accessdate=10 September 2015}}</ref> na onye nke iri atọ na ise na 2015. Akpọrọ ya aha otu n'ime Top 25 Consultants na 2006 site na ''Consulting Magazine'', na otu n'ime mmadụ otu nari kachasị enwe mmetụta n'ihe gbasara Ego <ref name="fortune2015" />na 2005 site na ''Euromoney'' . <ref name="ibm" /> == Akụkọ ahọpụtara == * [http://www.huffingtonpost.com/bridget-van-kralingen/publicprivate-partnership_1_b_1144655.html "Mmekọrịta ọha na eze bụ isi ihe na-eme ka asọmpi na US"] ''The Huffington Post'', Disemba 18, 2011 * [http://www.huffingtonpost.com/bridget-van-kralingen/the-future-of-leadership-_b_963496.html "Ọdịnihu nke onye ndu: Idu site na mgbanwe usoro"] ''Huffington Post'', Septemba 19, 2011 * [http://www.huffingtonpost.com/bridget-van-kralingen/we-need-to-redefine-roi-i_b_769958.html "Anyị kwesịrị ịhazigharị ROI n'ụwa anyị kwa ụbọchị"] ''The Huffington Post'', October 20, 2010 * [https://www.forbes.com/2010/07/07/ibm-transformation-lessons-leadership-managing-change.html "Mgbanwe nke IBM - Site na Ịlanahụ gaa na Ịga nke Ọma"] ''Forbes'', Julaị 7, 2010 == Ebensidee == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * [http://forwardthinking.pcmag.com/none/325545-a-graphene-chip-that-would-run-your-phone-for-a-week "Ogwu Graphene nke ga-agba ekwentị gị otu izu?"] ''Iche ihu n'ihu'', Julaị 16, 2014 * [https://insideranalytics.ai/insider-trading/insiders/1538977 "SEC Filings Insider Trading - Van Kralingen Bridget A"], 2015 {{DEFAULTSORT:van Kralingen, Bridget}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] p3mg3gw5bxf54sw13eq0qzyyqar5jqp 0 12775 727461 538930 2026-09-24T02:03:10Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727461 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Category:Articles with hCards]] '''Bellamy Young''' (amụrụ '''Amy Maria Young''' ; n'abali iri na itoolu nke ọnwa Febụwarị afọ 1970) <ref>{{Cite web|publisher=[[Rotten Tomatoes]]|title=Bellamy Young|url=https://www.rottentomatoes.com/celebrity/bellamy-young/|accessdate=12 May 2012}}</ref> bụ onye ome ihe nkiri na onye ọbụ abụ America, nke ama ama maka ọrụ ya dị ka Melody “Mellie” Grant na usoro ihe nkiri ABC ''Scandal'' (2012 ruo 2018). Na 2014, maka ihe ngosi ya nke Mellie, Young meriri ihe nrite Television Choice Television Award dị ka onye na-akwado ihe nkiri kacha mma na usoro ihe nkiri . Young gosiputara na usoro ihe nkiri Fox ''Prodigal Son'' (2019–2021). == Ndụ mbido == A mụrụ Young dị ka Amy Maria Young <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://twitter.com/bellamyyoung/status/466401444468633600|title=Bellamy Young on Twitter|work=Twitter|accessdate=5 July 2015}}</ref> na Asheville, North Carolina, ma akpọtara ya akpọrọ nakweere ya. Ọ gbanwere aha ya ịbanye na Screen Actors Guild ebe ọ bụ na e nwere onye ọzọ n'aza Amy Young edebanyere aha, <ref name="tvg">{{Cite web|url=https://www.tvguide.com/celebrities/bellamy-young/bio/198347|title=Bellamy Young: Biography|publisher=[[TV Guide]]|accessdate=September 30, 2015|archive-date=September 12, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150912071944/http://www.tvguide.com/celebrities/bellamy-young/bio/198347/|url-status=dead}}</ref> o wee họrọ aha akpọrọ Bellamy ka ọ bụrụ nkwanye ùgwù nye ezigbo enyi nna ya nwụrụ anwụ, Bill, onye nyere aka ịzụlite ya mgbe nna ya nwụsịrị. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Gomez|first=Patrick|title=Bellamy Young Opens Up About Being Adopted, Her Real First Name and How She Almost Missed Out on Scandal|url=http://www.people.com/article/bellamy-young-scandal-adopted-real-name|accessdate=10 October 2015}}</ref> Ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Asheville School n'afo 1987. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Notable Alumni|url=https://www.ashevilleschool.org/alumni/notable-alumni|work=[[Asheville School]]|accessdate=April 26, 2016}}</ref> Ọ gara Mahadum Yale, na mbụ na Fiziks mana mechaa mụọ Bekee na amumamu gbasara ọgbọ, wee gụchaa n'afọ 1991. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://alumninet.yale.edu/classes/yc1991/classmates.htm|title=Yale Class of 1991|publisher=Alumninet.yale.edu|date=2000-05-23|accessdate=2013-05-05|archivedate=2017-06-20|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170620132115/http://alumninet.yale.edu/classes/yc1991/classmates.htm}}</ref> Young nọrọ oge okpomọkụ n'oge kọleji na British American Drama Academy na England. <ref name="buddytv">{{Cite web|url=http://www.buddytv.com/info/bellamy-young-info.aspx|title=Bellamy Young Biography|publisher=[[BuddyTV]]|accessdate=2013-05-05|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140408224327/http://www.buddytv.com/info/bellamy-young-info.aspx|archivedate=2014-04-08}}</ref> == Ọrụ == === 1995–2011 === Young malitere ọrụ ime ihe nkiri na ọgbọ ihe nkiri. N'afọ 1997, o mere Broadway mpụta mbụ dị ka Mary na nkedo mbụ nke ''The Life'' . <ref name="Canby">{{Cite news|author=Canby|first=Vincent|title=SUNDAY VIEW; Why Whisper About It? 'The Life' Is a Joy|work=The New York Times|page=5|date=5 October 1997|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1997/10/05/theater/sunday-view-why-whisper-about-it-the-life-is-a-joy.html}}</ref> <ref name="Brantley1997">{{Cite news|author=Brantley|first=Ben|title=Lively Women, but Very Tired|work=The New York Times|page=12|date=28 April 1997|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1997/04/28/theater/lively-women-but-very-tired.html}}</ref> Young pụtakwara Off-Broadway na egwu Stephen Sondheim ''Merrily We Roll Along'' (1994), na Randy Newman 's ''Faust'' (1995–1996). <ref name="tvg"/> <ref name="Brantley1996">{{Cite news|author=Brantley|first=Ben|title=Two Takes on the Devil: The Charms of the Seedy Give Way to Sunday Best|work=The New York Times|page=15|date=26 October 1996|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1996/10/26/theater/two-takes-on-the-devil-the-charms-of-the-seedy-give-way-to-sunday-best.html}}</ref> N'afọ 1995, Young mere mpụta mbụ ya na telivishọn n'ọrụ ugboro ugboro na NBC soap opera nke ọsịsa chi ''Another world'' dị ka Dr. Courtney Evans. <ref name="buddytv"/> Ọ gosiputara dị ka ọbịa na ''Law &amp;amp; Order'' n'afọ 1997 na afo 1998, n'ọrụ abụọ dị iche iche. Na 1999 o mere ihe nkiri mpụta mbụ ya na obere ọrụ na mpụ ihe nkiri ''Black and White'' wee mechaa rụkọọ ọrụ n'ọtụtụ ihe nkiri nọọrọ onwe ya. Na mmalite 2000 ọ malitere ịpụta na ọrụ ndị ọbịa na-arụ ọrụ na ọtụtụ ihe nkiri telivishọn na ihe nkiri, gụnyere ''The Drew Carey Show'', ''The X Files'', ''ER'', ''Frasier'', ''The West Wing'', ''NCIS'', ''Ọkara'', ''Grey's Anatomy'', ''Private Practice'', ''Abụọ na ọkara ndị nwoke'', ''ike karịrị ike'' mmadụ, ''Dobe Dead Diva'', na ''Castle'' . Site na 2000 ruo 2011, Young mere ihe ngosi ndị ọbịa iri atọ na ihe nkiri telivishọn. Young bụ onye otu ngosipụta oge niile na USA Network series ''Peacemakers'' na 2003. A kagburu ihe ngosi a ka otu oge nke nkeji itoolu gachara. O nwere ọrụ ugboro ugboro na usoro ihe nkiri iwu Oge ndu ''bu For the people'' dị ka nsote Dist. Atty. Agnes Hunt n'afọ 2002, na NBC oge ejije ''American Dreams'' ka Diane Shaw n'afọ 2003, na NBC's ''Scrubs'' ka Dr. Grace Miller n'afọ 2004, dị ka Assistant State Attorney Monica West na CBS's ''CSI: Miami'' (2005 ruo 06), na ABC primetime soap. opera ''Dirty Sexy Money'' (2008-2009) dị ka Ellen Darling, ọgọ nwanyị nke okenye nke ezinụlọ Darling. O nwekwara ọrụ ugboro ugboro na ''Minds Criminal'' dị ka Beth Clemmons site n'afọ 2011 ruo afọ 2013. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ew.com/article/2011/10/17/criminal-minds-bellamy-young/|title='Criminal Minds': Bellamy Young to guest star|publisher=[[Entertainment Weekly]]|date=October 17, 2011|accessdate=October 17, 2019|first=Sandra|author=Gonzalez|archivedate=October 18, 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20191018173318/https://ew.com/article/2011/10/17/criminal-minds-bellamy-young/}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.tvguide.com/News/Bellamy-Young-Criminal-Minds-Season8-1050700.aspx|title=Bellamy Young Returns to Criminal Minds|publisher=[[TV Guide]]|date=July 28, 2012|accessdate=2013-05-05|author=Sadie Gennis}}</ref> [[Usòrò:Bellamy_Young_Oct_2014_(cropped).jpg|áká_èkpè|thumb| Na-eto eto na mmemme na October 2014]] Young apụtala n'ọrụ nkwado n'ọtụtụ ihe nkiri, gụnyere ''We were Soldiers'' (2002) and ''Mission: Impossible III'' (2006), yana ihe nkiri onwe ha dị ka ''Larceny'' (2004), ''Eve of Understanding'' (2006), ''Trust Me'' (2007), ''This is not a Test'' (2008), ''In My Sleep'' (2010), ''The Freebie'' (2010), and ''Joint Body'' (2014) . === 2012 - dị ugbu a === Na 2011 Shonda Rhimes gosiputara ndétu Young na ọrụ ugboro ugboro nke First Lady, Republican afọ 2016 onye nhọpụta onye isi ala, Melody "Mellie" Grant na usoro telivishọn ABC ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị thriller ''Scandal'' megide Kerry Washington na Tony Goldwyn . Tupu ''Scandal'', Young pụtara na Shonda Rhimes ' ''Grey's Anatomy'' and ''Private Practice'' . Ọ pụtara na ihe omume ọ bụla nke oge mbụ nke ''Scandal'' ma kwalite ya ka ọ bụrụ usoro oge niile dịka oge nke abụọ. <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/live-feed/scandal-bellamy-young-season-2-336481|title='Scandal' Ups Bellamy Young to Series Regular for Season 2|work=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]|date=June 12, 2012|accessdate=2013-05-05|author=Lesley Goldberg}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.tvguide.com/News/Scandal-Bellamy-Young-Series-Regular-1048805.aspx|title=Scandal Scoop: Bellamy Young Promoted to Series Regular|publisher=[[TV Guide]]|date=June 12, 2012|accessdate=2013-05-05|author=Natalie Abrams}}</ref> Young mechara kwuo na e bu ụzọ chepụta akụkụ ya dị ka arc ihe omume atọ. <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/live-feed/emmys-scandals-bellamy-young-finding-574113|title=Emmys: 'Scandal's' Bellamy Young on Finding Inspiration in Michelle Obama|work=The Hollywood Reporter|date=2013-06-24|accessdate=2014-06-20}}</ref> Young enwetala otuto dị egwu maka ịrụ ọrụ ya dị ka Melody Grant n'oge ya niile na ihe nkiri ahụ. <ref name="rr">{{Cite news|author=Rorke|first=Robert|url=https://nypost.com/2013/11/17/scandal-co-star-bellamy-young-shines-in-flashback-shocker/|title='Scandal' co-star Bellamy Young shines in shocker|publisher=Nypost.com|date=2013-11-18|accessdate=2013-11-18}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|author=Porter|first=Rick|url=http://www.zap2it.com/blogs/bellamy_young_scandal_critics_choice_television_awards_2014-2014-06|title='Scandal's' Bellamy Young wins Critics' Choice Award: Score one for Team Mellie – Zap2it &#124; News & Features|publisher=Zap2it|accessdate=2014-06-20|archivedate=2014-08-12|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140812210638/http://www.zap2it.com/blogs/bellamy_young_scandal_critics_choice_television_awards_2014-2014-06}}</ref> ''Daily Beast'' kpọrọ ya aha "Breakout Star" nke ihe nkiri ahụ na 2014. <ref>{{Cite web|date=2014-04-17|url=http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2014/04/17/how-scandal-star-bellamy-young-transformed-mellie-into-fans-favorite-character.html|title=How 'Scandal' Star Bellamy Young Transformed Mellie Into Fans' Favorite Character|publisher=The Daily Beast|accessdate=2014-06-20}}</ref> Ọtụtụ ndị nkatọ toro ọrụ Young n'ime ihe omume gbadoro ụkwụ na agwa ya na nkeji " I Everything's Coming Up Mellie " nke oge nke atọ. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://tvline.com/2013/11/16/performers-of-the-week-sons-of-anarchys-maggie-siff-and-scandals-bellamy-young/|title=Performers of the Week: Sons of Anarchy's Maggie Siff and Scandal's Bellamy Young|date=16 November 2013|publisher=TVLine|accessdate=2013-11-18}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/live-feed/scandals-bellamy-young-her-flashback-655946|title='Scandal's' Bellamy Young on Her Flashback Episode: 'Seismic Turns' and Mellie's 'Wrecking Ball' Exposed|work=The Hollywood Reporter|date=2013-11-14|accessdate=2014-06-20}}</ref> Ntụleghachi nke Cicely K. Dyson maka akwụkwọ akụkọ ''The Wall Street Journal'' na-ekwu, sị: "Bellamy Young abụwo onye n'enye mmụọ ikiri ihe nkiri dị ịtụnanya nke oge abụọ na ọkara, ma oge a ọ mechara nweta ohere ịchawaya na ihe ịga nke ọma." <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://blogs.wsj.com/speakeasy/2013/11/14/scandal-season-3-episode-8-vermont-is-for-lovers-too-tv-recap/|title='Scandal' Recap, Season 3, Episode 7, 'Everything's Coming Up Mellie' – Speakeasy – WSJ|publisher=Blogs.wsj.com|date=2013-11-14|accessdate=2014-06-20}}</ref> Robert Rorke, na-ede akwụkwọ maka ''New York Post'', na-ekwu na, "Na Mellie, ihe ngosi ahụ nwere àgwà kachasị na ngosipụta, ma Young bụ onye na-eme ihe na-adọrọ mmụọ nkiri mmadụ." <ref name="rr" /> Ọ meriri ihe nrite Television Choice Television Award maka onye na-akwado ihe nkiri kacha mma na usoro ihe nkiri maka arụmọrụ ya na oge atọ. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Bacle|first=Ariana|url=https://ew.com/article/2014/05/28/critics-choice-television-awards-nominees/|title=Critics' Choice TV Awards 2014: And the nominees are...|date=May 28, 2014|accessdate=October 17, 2019|work=Entertainment Weekly}}</ref> N'ọnwa Mee abalị iri ise nke afọ 2015, Young wepụtara albom mbụ ya, ''Far Away So Close'', na iTunes . <ref>{{Cite web|title=Far Away So Close|work=iTunes|url=https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/far-away-so-close/id995015271|date=2016|accessdate=April 26, 2016}}</ref> N'afọ 2016, o gosiputara n'ihe nkiri mpụ bụ ''The Night Stalker'' nke Megan Griffiths duziri banyere onye na-egbu mmadụ bụ Richard Ramirez . <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ew.com/article/2016/05/18/scandal-bellamy-young-exclusive-clip-night-stalker/|title='Scandal's Bellamy Young meets serial killer Richard Ramirez in 'The Night Stalker' clip — exclusive|work=[[Entertainment Weekly]]|accessdate=25 February 2018|archivedate=26 February 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180226032801/http://ew.com/article/2016/05/18/scandal-bellamy-young-exclusive-clip-night-stalker/}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://variety.com/2015/film/news/scandal-star-bellamy-young-joins-night-stalker-movie-1201526449/|title='Scandal' Star Bellamy Young Joins 'Night Stalker' Movie (EXCLUSIVE)|first=Dave|author=McNary|date=23 June 2015|accessdate=25 February 2018}}</ref> N'afọ sochirinụ, o nwere ọrụ nkwado na ihe nkiri ntọchị bụ ''Bernard na Huey nchịkwa aka'' Jim Rash na David Koechner . <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://deadline.com/2018/01/bernard-and-huey-dan-mirvish-sasha-alexander-bellamy-young-sundance-studio-1202268763/|title='Bernard And Huey' Cast On How The Film's Portrayal Of Equality Is "Right On Time"- Sundance Studio|first=Amanda|author=N'Duka|date=26 January 2018|accessdate=25 February 2018}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/review/bernard-huey-1078458|title='Bernard and Huey': Film Review - Slamdance 2018|work=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]|date=25 January 2018|accessdate=25 February 2018}}</ref> Na 2018, o gosiputara na Disney 's live action adaptation nke ''A wrinkle in Time'', tinyere [[Oprah Winfrey]], Reese Witherspoon na Mindy Kaling . <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.thewrap.com/zach-galifianakis-to-join-disneys-a-wrinkle-in-time/|title=Zach Galifianakis, Andre Holland hoe Join Disney's 'A Wrinkle in Time'|date=2016-11-01|work=TheWrap|language=en-US|accessdate=2016-11-01}}</ref> Na Machị 2019, Young kwupụtara na ya ga-esonye na ngosipụta nke fox drama ''Prodigal Son'' megidere Michael Sheen, Lou Diamond Phillips na Tom Payne . <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://deadline.com/2019/03/bellamy-young-cast-fox-drama-pilot-prodigy-son-1202571590/|title=Bellamy Young To Co-Star In Fox Drama Pilot 'Prodigal Son'|author=Andreeva|first=Nellie|date=2019-03-07|work=Deadline|language=en|accessdate=2020-03-01}}</ref> N'ọnwa Mee, ihe nkiri ahụ nwere Mbelata nke nhọrọ dị ka usoro na ka ọ na-erule Ọktoba, eburula ya maka usoro nkeji oge iri abụọ na abụọ zuru ezu. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://deadline.com/2019/05/fox-orders-drama-series-prodigal-son-deputy-next-weisman-katims-bubble-dramas-1202610963/|title=Fox Picks Up 4 New Drama Series: 'Prodigal Son', 'Deputy', 'NeXt' & Weisman/Katims; What Does It Mean For Network's Bubble Dramas?|author=Andreeva|first=Nellie|date=2019-05-09|work=Deadline|language=en|accessdate=2020-03-01}}</ref> ''Prodigal'' Son bụ usoro oge mbụ zuru oke nke ọdịda 2019 ma bụrụ ihe ngosi ọhụụ kachasị elu na netwọkụ ọ bụla. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.tvguide.com/news/prodigal-son-full-season-fox/|title=Prodigal Son Picked Up for Full Season at Fox {{!}} TV Guide|date=2019-10-07|work=TVGuide.com|language=en|accessdate=2020-03-01}}</ref> == Ndụ onwe onye == Young bụ onye anaghị eri anụ kemgbe afọ 1988 na n'afo 2016 sonye na mgbasa ozi Ngahari maka PETA akpọrọ, "Ịbụ onye anaghị eri anụ na-eme ka m diwanye ka onye N'eto eto". <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.thenewpotato.com/2013/10/02/bellamy-young-2015/|title=Bellamy Young, Scandal, Interview 2015|date=2013-10-02|work=The New Potato|accessdate=2016-07-09|archivedate=2016-07-16|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160716034731/http://www.thenewpotato.com/2013/10/02/bellamy-young-2015/}}</ref> Onye nkwado ogologo oge nke ndochi ụlọ, Young sonyere na mgbasa ozi telivishọn abụọ maka The Humane Society of the United States : 'The Shelter Pet Project' n'afọ 2015 na 'Honestly' n'afọ 2016. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ispot.tv/ad/AGHC/humane-society-honestly-featuring-bellamy-young|title=Humane Society TV Commercial, 'Honestly' Featuring Bellamy Young|work=iSpot.tv|language=en|accessdate=2017-01-30}}</ref> [[Usòrò:National_Christmas_Tree_Lighting_2015_(25803703093).jpg|thumb| Onye na-eto eto na-eme ihe na National Christmas Tree Lighting na [[Washington, D.C.|Washington, DC]] na Disemba 2015]] Young bụ onye Democrat edebanyere aha. Tinyere ọtụtụ n'ime ndị ọlụlụ ''Scandal'' ya, Young gbara na isiokwu na mmemme inye ego maka Hillary Clinton n'onwa Eprel 2016. <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://variety.com/2016/biz/news/hillary-clinton-scandal-cast-1201750619/|title='Scandal' Stars to Raise Money for Hillary Clinton|author=Johnson|first=Ted|date=2016-04-11|work=Variety|language=en-US|accessdate=2017-01-30}}</ref> Site N'ọnwa Ọgọstụ ga na Nọvemba afọ 2016, Young kụrụ nzọ mgbasa ozi maka Clinton wee gaa [[Végíníyà|Virginia]], [[Nort Kárólínạ|North Carolina]], [[Colorado]], [[Áyowạ|Iowa]], [[Michigan]], [[Ohaïyo|Ohio]], [[Pensílvéníyạ|Pennsylvania]], na [[Hampshire Ohúrú|New Hampshire]] . Dị ka akụkụ nke ihe nketa ọchịchị Obama, n'afọ 2016, Young pụtara na 'Women Film' nke United States of Women tinyere ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ ọha na eze dị ka Michelle Obama, Meryl Streep na [[Oprah Winfrey]] .  Mgbe emechara n'afọ 2015 nke mmnnye ukwu osisi ọkụ nke ekeresimesi nke mba ahu bụ National Christmas Tree Lighting, a mara ọkwa na n'afọ 2016 Young ga-abụ onye nnọchianya, yana Chelsea Clinton, nke Trust for the National Mall . <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.huffingtonpost.com/section/video|title=Videos {{!}} The Huffington Post|work=[[HuffPost]]|accessdate=2017-01-30}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://people.com/awards/bellamy-young-on-working-with-chelsea-clinton-being-a-bill-clinton-fan/|title=Bellamy Young on Working with Chelsea Clinton, Being a Bill Clinton Fan|date=2016-01-30|work=PEOPLE.com|language=en-US|accessdate=2017-01-30}}</ref> Young bụ onye ana enye nkwanye ugwu maka ọgbakọ domestic violence nonprofit organizationaghị 'Helpmate' ma nyere aka n'ịkwalite ego maka ndị ihe ike mere. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://wlos.com/news/local/hundreds-gather-in-asheville-to-raise-money-for-helpmate|title=Hundreds attend high tea to raise money for Helpmate|author=Doty|first=Kelly|date=8 September 2016|language=en-US|accessdate=2016-09-29}}</ref> Na 2015, Young meritere ''Celebrity Jeopardy!'' na n'ihi ya nwetara $50,000 maka Operation Blankets of Love - ọrụ ebere nke na-enye anụmanụ ndị nọ n'ụlọ mkpuchi blanket. <ref name="Jeopardy">{{Cite web|url=https://variety.com/2015/tv/news/bellamy-young-wins-celebrity-jeopardy-video-literature-1201495539/|title=Watch 'Scandal' Star Bellamy Young Dominate 'Celebrity Jeopardy'|work=Variety|first=Seth|author=Kelley|date=May 14, 2015|accessdate=February 12, 2019}}</ref> Mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na ụma, Young malitere ịta ahụhụ site na oké isi ọwụwa bụ migraines ma ka na-ata ahụhụ site na ha ruo taa. Ọ ghọrọ onye mmekọ na GlaxoSmithKline maka Treximet, n'afo 2015, iji gbasaa mmata gbasara ike isi ọwụwa bụ migraine. <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.foxnews.com/health/2015/06/25/scandal-actress-reveals-battle-with-debilitating-condition.html|title='Scandal' actress reveals battle with debilitating condition|author=Carstensen|first=Melinda|date=2015-06-25|accessdate=2017-01-30|language=en-US|work=Fox News|archive-date=2017-02-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170210122725/http://www.foxnews.com/health/2015/06/25/scandal-actress-reveals-battle-with-debilitating-condition.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> Young nwere nkwekọrịta ntinyeaka nke Merck &amp;amp; Co., n'ọnwa Novemba afọ 2016, iji nyere aka kụziere ndị mmadụ mkpa nyocha nke biomarker na ọrịa cancer akpa ume na-abụghị obere cell, ọrịa gburu nna ya. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20161129005504/en/Actress-Bellamy-Young-Merck-Leading-Lung-Cancer|title=Actress Bellamy Young, Merck, and Leading Lung Cancer Advocates Urge Those Impacted by Lung Cancer to Test. Talk. Take Action. {{!}} Business Wire|work=businesswire.com|date=29 November 2016|accessdate=2016-11-29}}</ref> Nwa akwụkwọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ n'onwe ya, Young ugbu a na-enye nwa akwụkwọ nọ na kọleji ebe ọ gụsịrị bụ Mahadum Yale ohere agụmakwụkwọ nchefu kwa afọ. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.instyle.com/celebrity/bellamy-young-badass-care-international-womens-day|title=Scandal Star Bellamy Young Says Her Character Taught Her "Swagger"|work=InStyle.com|language=en|accessdate=2020-03-01|archivedate=2020-11-24|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20201124213039/https://www.instyle.com/celebrity/bellamy-young-badass-care-international-womens-day}}</ref> N'afọ 2019, Young ghọrọ onye nnọchi anya nzukọ CARE wee gaa njem na [[Rwanda]] ịhụ ọrụ ha na-arụ ebe ahụ. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://parade.com/858668/ccopelan/heres-everything-scandals-bellamy-young-saw-while-working-for-gender-equality-in-rwanda/|title=Here's Everything Scandal's Bellamy Young Saw While Working for Gender Equality in Rwanda|author=Copelan|first=Christine|date=2019-03-11|work=Parade|language=en|accessdate=2020-03-06}}</ref> Maka ụbọchị ụmụ nwanyị mba ụwa 2020, Young duziri PSA, maka CARE, na-egosipụta onwe ya, Kerry Washington, Shonda Rhimes na [[Katie Lowes]] . <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.eonline.com/uk/news/1128386/scandal-stars-reunite-for-important-international-women-s-day-message|title=Scandal Stars Reunite for Important International Women's Day Message|date=2020-03-05|work=E! News|accessdate=2020-03-06}}</ref> Kemgbe Septemba 2017, Young na-enwe mmekọrịta ya na onye na-akụ egwu bụ Portuguese Pedro Segundo. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://twitter.com/BellamyYoung/status/1170882687852322817|title=Happy 2nd Anniversary to the kindest human I know. Every day I feel like the luckiest girl to get to love & be loved by you, @Pedro2Segundo . The most radiant light. Amor de minha vida. Thank you for another year of|author=Young|first=Bellamy|date=2019-09-08|work=@BellamyYoung|language=en|accessdate=2020-03-01}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://pedrosegundo.com/about/|title=About Pedro|work=Pedro Segundo|language=en|accessdate=2020-03-01}}</ref> === Ihe nkiri === {| class="wikitable sortable" !Afọ ! Aha ! Ọrụ ! class="unsortable" | Ihe ndetu |- | rowspan="2" | 1999 | ''Oji na ọcha'' | Bellamy | Ekwughị ya |- | ''Were foto a'' | Monique | |- | 2001 | ''Ozi'' | Aja | |- | rowspan="2" | 2002 | ''Swatters'' | Mary Dolan | |- | ''Anyị Bụ Ndị Agha'' | Catherine Metsker | |- | 2004 | ''Larceny'' | Kiki | |- | 2005 | ''Agbamakwụkwọ Darcy Off-White'' | Donatella | Ihe nkiri dị mkpirikpi |- | rowspan="2" | 2006 | ''Eve nke Nghọta'' | Cassie | |- | ''Ozi: Agaghị ekwe omume III'' | Rachael | |- | rowspan="2" | 2007 | ''Ihe Dị Mfe'' | Terry Hudson | Ọzọkwa onye na-emepụta ihe |- | ''Tụkwasa m obi'' | Carrie | |- | rowspan="2" | 2008 | ''Otu, abụọ, ọtụtụ'' | Jennifer | |- | ''Nke a abụghị ule'' | Teresa | |- | 2009 | ''Dị nro dị ka ọkụ ọkụ'' | Cheryl | Ihe nkiri dị mkpirikpi |- | rowspan="3" | 2010 | ''The Freebie'' | Jessica | |- | ''N'ụra m'' | Olivia | |- | ''Pound nke anụ ahụ'' | Daniella Melville | |- | 2011 | ''Ahụ nkwonkwo'' | Jane Chapman | |- | rowspan="2" | 2012 | ''Ụbọchị Ikpeazụ na Ụwa'' | Pamala | |- | ''Ụlọ ahụ'' | Annie | Ọzọkwa onye na-emepụta ihe |- | 2015 | ''Ụbọchị nke ụbọchị'' | Rebeka | |- | rowspan="2" | 2016 | ''Nye & kwenye'' | Karen | |- | ''The Night Stalker'' | Ndị otu Kit | <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://variety.com/2015/film/news/scandal-star-bellamy-young-joins-night-stalker-movie-1201526449/|title='Scandal' Star Bellamy Young Joins 'Night Stalker' Movie – Variety|author=Dave McNary|work=Variety|accessdate=5 July 2015|date=2015-06-23}}</ref> |- | 2017 | ''Bernard na Huey'' | Aggie | |- | 2018 | ''A wrinkle n'oge'' | Nwanyị Camazotz | <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thewrap.com/zach-galifianakis-to-join-disneys-a-wrinkle-in-time/|title=Zach Galifianakis, Andre Holland Join Disney's 'A Wrinkle in Time'|date=1 November 2016|accessdate=25 February 2018}}</ref> |- | 2020 | ''Superman: Nwoke nke Echi'' | Martha Kent (olu) | |- |} {| class="wikitable sortable" !Year !Title !Role ! class="unsortable" |Notes |- |1995 |''Another World'' |Dr. Courtney Evans |Recurring role |- |1997 |''Law &amp;amp; Order'' |Ellen O'Brien |Episode: "Blood" |- |1998 |''Law &amp;amp; Order'' |Stephanie Harker |Episode: "True North" |- | rowspan="3" |2000 |''{{sortname|The|Drew Carey Show}}'' |Bridget |Episode: "The Gang Stops Drinking" |- |''Nash Bridges'' |Diana Carr |Episode: "The Messenger" |- |''{{sortname|The|X-Files}}'' |Attorney Janet Wilson |Episode: "Redrum" |- | rowspan="2" |2001 |''{{sortname|The|District}}'' |Bethany Fortoro |Episode: "To Serve and Protect" |- |''ER'' |Grace |Episode: "If I Should Fall from Grace" |- | rowspan="2" |2002 |''Frasier'' |Lisa |Episode: "Three Blind Dates" |- |''For the People'' |Deputy Dist. Atty. Agnes Hunt |Recurring role |- | rowspan="2" |2003 |''Peacemakers'' |Twyla Gentry |Main role, 9 episodes |- |''American Dreams'' |Diane Shaw |Episodes: "Another Saturday Night", "Life's Illusions", "Rescue Me" |- | rowspan="2" |2004 |''{{sortname|The|West Wing}}'' |MaryLou Meriwether |Episode: "The Stormy Present" |- |''NCIS'' |A.T.F. Special Agent Melinda Stone |Episode: "Split Decision" |- |2004, 2009 |''Scrubs'' |Dr. Miller |Recurring role, 6 episodes |- |2004 |''Strong Medicine'' |Erin Berman |Episode: "Code" |- | rowspan="3" |2005 |''North Shore'' |Mrs. Lasser |Episode: "Shark" |- |''Medium'' |Kate Emery |Episode: "Judge, Jury and Executioner" |- |''Vision of a Murder'' |Tina Moore |Television film |- |2005–2006 |''CSI: Miami'' |Assistant State Attorney Monica West |Recurring role, 6 episodes |- | rowspan="4" |2007 |''Close to Home'' |Sarah Paulson |Episode: "Road Rage" |- |''Grey's Anatomy'' |Kathy |Episodes: "The Other Side of This Life: Parts 1 & 2" |- |''Boston Legal'' |Cynthia Nichols |Episode: "Beauty and the Beast" |- |''Cold Case'' |Audrey Metz (1938) |Episode: "World's End" |- |2007–2008 |''Dirty Sexy Money'' |Ellen Darling |Recurring role, 9 episodes |- | rowspan="3" |2008 |''Two and a Half Men'' |Diane |Episode: "The Mooch at the Boo" |- |''Knight Rider'' |Amy Clark |Episode: "Knight Rider" |- |''Mask of the Ninja'' |Gina |Television film |- | rowspan="4" |2009 |''Knight Rider'' |Amy Clark |Episode: "Fly by Knight" |- |''Trust Me'' |Carrie Taylor |Episode: "But Wait, There's More" |- |''Ghost Whisperer'' |Lucy Stanton |Episode: "Cursed" |- |''Supernatural'' |Sarah / Lucifer |Episode: "Sympathy for the Devil" |- | rowspan="4" |2010 |''Edgar Floats'' |Jennifer Wade |TV pilot |- |''Drop Dead Diva'' |Emily Parcellas |Episode: "The Long Road to Napa" |- |''{{sortname|The|Mentalist}}'' |Melanie Ayers |Episode: "Cackle-Bladder-Blood" |- |''Law &amp;amp; Order: LA'' |Monica Jarrow |Episode: "Playa Vista" |- | rowspan="4" |2011 |''Working Class'' |Brooke |Episode: "The Dance" |- |''United States of Tara'' |Bridgette |Episodes: "The Full F**k You Finger", "Wheels" |- |''Castle'' |Candace Ford |Episode: "Pretty Dead" |- |''The Protector'' |Skylar Brenn |Episode: "Wings" |- |2011–2013 |''Criminal Minds'' |Beth Clemmons |Recurring role, 7 episodes |- |2012 |''Franklin &amp;amp; Bash'' |Margaret Pollack |Episode: "L'affaire Du Coeur" |- |2012–2018 |''Scandal'' |Melody "Mellie" Grant |Recurring role (season 1)<br /><br />Main role (season 2-7); 118 episodes<br /><br />Critics' Choice Television Award for Best Supporting Actress in a Drama Series (2014) |- |2014 |''Hell's Kitchen'' | rowspan="3" |Herself |Dining room guest, Season 13; Episode: "5 Chefs Compete" |- |2015 |''Jeopardy!'' |Celebrity contestant<ref name="Jeopardy"/> |- |2017 |''Lip Sync Battle'' |Episode: "Matt McGorry vs. Bellamy Young" |- | rowspan="2" |2019 |''Whiskey Cavalier'' |Karen Pappas |Episode: "The Czech List" |- |''Heartstrings'' |Myrna Jorgensen |Episode: "Down from Dover"<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://tvline.com/2019/02/11/dolly-partons-heartstrings-bellamy-young-sarah-shahi-netflix-cast/|title=Sarah Shahi, ''Scandal''{{'}}s Bellamy Young, ''thirtysomething'' Alums and More Join Netflix's Dolly Parton Anthology|author=Iannucci|first=Rebecca|date=February 11, 2019|work=TVLine}}</ref> |- |2019–2021 |''Prodigal Son'' |Jessica Whitly |Main role; 33 episodes |- |2021 |''The Waltons: Homecoming'' |Olivia Walton |Television film |- |2022 |''Promised Land'' |Margaret Honeycroft |Main role; upcoming series |- |} == Ụlọ ihe nkiri == {| class="wikitable" !Afọ ! Mmepụta ! Ọrụ ! Ihe ndetu |- | 1997 | ''Ndụ'' | Meri | ''Ethel Barrymore Ụlọ ihe nkiri'' |} == Ebemsidee == {{Reflist}} * {{official website|https://www.bellamyyoung.com/}} * {{IMDb name|949292}} * {{AllMovie name}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Young, Amy Maria}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Ndi gụsịrị Akwụkwọ na Mahadum Oxford]] [[Òtù:Onye òtù Ndị gụsịrị Akwụkwọ na Yale]] [[Òtù:Ome ihe nkiri Amerika nke centuri iri abụọ na otu]] [[Òtù:Onye otu ndị gụsịrị Akwụkwọ na Asheville]] [[Òtù:Ndị amụrụ n'afọ 1970]] [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 9sz8vo3icfsjqxsv15sgi73053wl5p0 0 12778 727539 725638 2026-09-24T06:51:53Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727539 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Category:Articles with short description]] [[Category:Short description is different from Wikidata]] [[Category:Articles with hCards]] [[Category:Infobox musical artist with missing or invalid Background field| ]] '''Jane Chika Oranika''' (amụrụ Maachị 9, 1997), amara aha ya dika '''Chika''' (nke a na- '''emebu CHIKA''' ), bu onye ọgụ egwu rap nke Amerika. O buru ụzọ dọta uche na mgbasa ozi mmekọrịta tupu ịbanye na Warner Records na 2019. N'afọ sochirinụ, etinyere ya na Klas Freshman nke ''XXL'' ' 2020 wee họpụta ya maka ihe nrite Grammy maka onye nka ọhụụ kacha mma(Grammy Awards for the Best New Artist . [[File:Chika’s Journey to the Top is the Inspiration Behind ‘Balencies' 5-19 screenshot.jpg|thumb|]] == Ndụ mbido == A mụrụ Chika na Montgomery, Alabama. N'ihi mmasị o nwere na egwu na uri slam, ọ gara ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị Booker T. Washington Magnet. A nabatara ya na kọleji Berklee a ma ama, ma n'ihi ọṅụ ego ụgwọ akwụkwọ,kama ọ debanyere aha na Mahadum South Alabama. Ọ kwụsịrị mgbe afọ mbụ ya gachara ilekwasị anya na ọrụ egwu. <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.al.com/life/2019/07/breakout-alabama-rapper-chika-shares-her-origin-story.html|title=Breakout Alabama rapper Chika shares her 'origin story'|author=Specker|first=Lawrence|date=July 9, 2019|work=[[AL.com]]}}</ref> == Ọrụ == === BuEgwu === Chika buru ụzọ nweta nlebara anya zuru ebe niile na-eso mgbasa ozi Instagram site n'abali itoolu nke ọnwa Nọvemba nke afọ 2016, mgbe ntuli aka onye isi ala United States 2016 gachara. Na vidiyo ahụ, ọ na-ekpuchi onwe ya na mmalite ya, na-ekwu "African-American? Ọ dịtụghị mgbe ọ na-eche nke ahụ, anụtụbeghị banyere ya, ọ dịghị mgbe ọ detụrụ ya ire, ọ dịghị mgbe ọ sitere nka n'isi" Na mbido 2017, o mepụtara #EgoChallenge, na-eji abụ Beyoncé nke aha ahụ iji kwalite ịdị mma nke ahụ na ịhụ onwe ya n'anya. N'afọ ahụ ọ wepụtakwara ihe ngosi nganga -themed remix nke Ed Sheeran 's " Shape of You ". <ref name="okayafrica shape of you">{{Cite web|url=https://www.okayafrica.com/chika-oranika-turned-ed-sheeran-shape-of-you-pride-anthem/|title=This Nigerian-American Rapper Turned Ed Sheeran's 'Shape of You' Into a Pride Anthem and We're Here For It|author=Traore|first=Jacqueline|date=June 14, 2017|work=[[OkayAfrica]]}}</ref><ref name="out.com shape of you">{{Cite web|url=http://www.out.com/pride/2017/6/14/chika-transformed-ed-sheerans-song-gay-hell-pride-anthem|title=Chika Transformed Ed Sheeran's Song Into a 'Gay as Hell' Pride Anthem|author=Thomas|first=Chris|date=June 14, 2017|work=[[Out (magazine)|Out]]}}</ref><ref name="billboard shape of you">{{Cite web|url=https://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/pop/7833630/ed-sheeran-shape-of-you-pride-month-remix-chika-listen|title=Ed Sheeran's 'Shape of You' Reworked by Rapper Chika as Pride Anthem: Listen|author=Kaufman|first=Gil|date=June 15, 2017|work=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]}}</ref> N'abalị anọ n'ọnwa Jun nke afọ 2017 o wepụtara EP nke dịịri onwe ya nke a na-akpọ ''Full Bloom''. <ref name="bandcamp">{{Cite web|url=https://oranicuhh.bandcamp.com/album/full-bloom|title=full bloom. by CHIKA|work=Bandcamp|accessdate=March 11, 2021}}</ref> N'afọ 2018, Chika pụtara ìhè maka freestyle ekwupụtara [[Kanyé West|Kanye West]] n'elu West nke " Jesus Walks " kụrụ. freestailụa metụtara nkwado West maka [[Donald Trump]] wee dọta uche nke Jada Pinkett Smith, Sean "Diddy" Combs, na [[Erykah Badu]]. <ref name="time">{{Cite web|url=https://time.com/5567340/chika-rapper-interview/|title=Why Chika, the Rapper Who Went Viral for Calling Out Kanye, Wants to 'Bring Back What's Real' to Hip Hop|author=Lang|first=Cady|date=April 10, 2019|work=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]|accessdate=April 12, 2022|archivedate=April 12, 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220412152146/https://time.com/5567340/chika-rapper-interview/}}</ref> O mechara wepụta freestailụ onyefere Nia Wilson. <ref name="essence">{{Cite web|url=https://www.essence.com/culture/rapper-chika-freestyle-tribute-to-nia-wilson/|title=Rapper Chika Pens A Tribute To Nia Wilson That You Have To Hear To Believe|author=Davis|first=Rachaell|date=July 27, 2018|work=[[Essence (magazine)|Essence]]}}</ref> N'ọnwa ọgọstụ 2018, o gosipụtara na egwu Rachel Crow "Coulda Told Me". <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.broadwayworld.com/bwwmusic/article/Rachel-Crow-Releases-Confident-New-Video-COULDA-TOLD-ME-ft-Rapper-CHIKA-20180910|title=Rachel Crow Releases Confident New Video COULDA TOLD ME ft. Rapper CHIKA|author=BWW News Desk|date=September 10, 2018|work=[[Broadway World]]}}</ref> Chika wepụtara otu mpụta mbụ ya, "No Squares", na Eprel 2019. N'ọnwa na-esonụ, na òkù nke onye ọbịa Lena Waithe, ọ rụrụ dị ka "Richey v. Alabama", egwu ya ọzọ, na ''Jimmy Kimmel Live!''. <ref name="business of fashion">{{Cite web|url=https://www.businessoffashion.com/articles/intelligence/jane-chika-oranika-rapper-inclusivity-interview|title=What Chika Is Teaching Fashion|author=Amed|first=Imran|date=October 16, 2019|work=[[Business of Fashion]]|accessdate=April 12, 2022|archivedate=October 28, 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20201028195613/https://www.businessoffashion.com/articles/intelligence/jane-chika-oranika-rapper-inclusivity-interview}}</ref> Egwu ahụ gbasara [[Alabama|Alabam 2019 abortion bill]] wee soro aha enyi Chika gụọ ya aha. <ref name="vice">{{Cite web|url=https://i-d.vice.com/en_us/article/9keq9y/chika-oranika-interview-paloma-elsesser|title=how rapper chika oranika turned a kanye diss into a thriving career|author=Elsesser|first=Paloma|date=September 18, 2019|work=[[i-D]]|publisher=[[Vice (magazine)|Vice]]|accessdate=April 12, 2022|archivedate=January 4, 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200104021834/https://i-d.vice.com/en_us/article/9keq9y/chika-oranika-interview-paloma-elsesser}}</ref> N'oge okpomọkụ ahụ, ọ bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta nke Warner Records. Chika weputara alụlụ abụọ ọzọ dị ka onye na-edu ndú na 2019: "High Rises" <ref name="uproxx">{{Cite web|url=https://uproxx.com/music/chika-interview-cardi-b-viral-freestyle-high-rises-video/|title=Why Chika Is One Of Cardi B's Favorite Up-And-Coming Rappers — And Why She'll Be Yours, Too|date=July 16, 2019|first=Aaron|author=Williams|work=[[Uproxx]]}}</ref><ref name="gehen press">{{Cite web|url=https://www.gehenpress.com/news/2019/8/13/chika-continues-to-climb-with-new-song-high-rises-from-upcoming-ep|title=Chika Continues to Climb With New Song "High Rises" from Upcoming EP|work=Gehen Press|language=en-US|accessdate=January 22, 2020}}</ref> na "Enweghị ike ịkọwa ya" nke gosipụtara Charlie Wilson. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.teenvogue.com/story/chikas-cant-explain-it-music-video|title=Chika's New Music Video Is a Heartwarming Queer Love Story with a '90s Spin|first=Sara|author=Delgado|work=Teen Vogue|date=November 22, 2019}}</ref><ref name="source">{{Cite web|url=https://thesource.com/2020/01/24/alabama-rapper-and-kanye-west-critic-chika-releases-new-video-freestyle/|title=Alabama Rapper and 'Kanye West Critic' Chika Releases New Video + Freestyle|work=[[The Source]]|date=January 24, 2020|author=CourtneyB}}</ref> N'afọ ahụ, ọ pụtakwara na JoJo 's " Sabotage ", nke ruru nọmba 18 na ''Billboard'' US R&amp;amp;B Digital Downloads. <ref name="billboard sabotage">{{Cite web|url=https://www.billboard.com/articles/news/8540712/jojo-sabotage-featuring-chika|title=JoJo Wonders if She'll 'Sabotage' Love in New Single Featuring CHIKA|author=Aniftos|first=Rania|date=October 25, 2019|work=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]}}</ref><ref name="sabotage chart">{{Cite web|url=https://www.billboard.com/music/chika|title=CHIKA Sabotage Chart History|work=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|accessdate=January 22, 2020}}</ref> N'ọnwa Disemba afọ 2019, Chika kwupụtara na ya na-arụ ọrụ na mpụta mbụ nke mgbalị ihe omume akpọrọ ''Industry Games''. N'abali iri abụọ na atọ nke ọnwa Jenụwarị afọ 2020, Chika kwadoro aha ya wee bipute snippets nke egwu sitere na EP, na-agwa ndị na-eso ụzọ na mwepụta ahụ bụ ọnwa abụọ. O weputara aha otu EP a na abalị iri na asatọ nke ọnwa Febrụwarị. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.billboard.com/culture/pride/chika-industry-games-8551259|title=Chika's 'Industry Games': Listen &#124; Billboard|date=February 18, 2020|work=www.billboard.com}}</ref> E wepụtara EP a na ọnwa Machị 12, 2020. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.npr.org/2020/03/12/812921382/chika-is-not-here-to-play-any-of-musics-industry-games|title=Chika Is Not Here To Play Any Of Music's 'Industry Games'|work=NPR.org}}</ref> Na Ọgọstụ 11, 2020, Chika gụnyere na Klas Freshman nke ''XXL'' ' 2020. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.xxlmag.com/xxl-2020-freshman-class-revealed/|title=XXL 2020 FRESHMAN CLASS REVEALED|work=[[XXL (magazine)|XXL]]|author=Cline|first=Georgette|date=August 11, 2020|accessdate=August 11, 2020}}</ref> A họpụtara ya maka ihe nrite Grammy maka onye nka ọhụụ kacha mma. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ew.com/awards/grammys/chika-interview-best-new-artist-grammy/|title=Chika on her hometown, her competition, and her Best New Artist nomination|work=EW.com}}</ref> na ihe nrite onyonyo NAACP maka onye nka ọhụụ pụtara ìhè. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.al.com/life/2021/02/alabama-is-all-over-naacp-image-award-nominations.html|title=Alabama is all over NAACP Image Award nominations|date=February 2, 2021|work=al}}</ref> N'abalị iri na otu nke ọnwa Maachị afọ 2021 Chika kwupụtara na a ga-ewepụta EP nke abụọ ya ''ozugbo'' n'oge oge n'etiti abalị. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://twitter.com/oranicuhh/status/1369957997766569987|title=Chicka on Twitter: "EP 2 ONCE UPON A TIME midnight"|work=Twitter|accessdate=March 11, 2021}}</ref> N'abalị iri nke ọnwa Epre afọ 2021, Chika biputere akwụkwọ mgbasa ozi ọha na eze na akaụntụ Twitter ya na-akọwa mkpebi ya ịla ezumike nká n'egwu mgbe ọ na-atụgharị uche na "mmetụta uche" ndụ dị ka onye na-akụ egwu na nchapụta emetụtala ahụike ya. Na nnọkọ Instagram Live nke ya na ndị Fans na-emekọrịta ihe na-eso ọkwa ezumike nka mbụ ya, ọ katọrọ itughari okwu bụ"trolls" ma ọ bụ "stans" bụ ndị "na-eche n'elu nsogbu uche ndị ọzọ na-eme ka ha ka njọ." Ọ kpọtụrụ aha kpọmkwem mmetụta nke mmetọ ịntanetị na ọgụ ya na-aga n'ihu na ịda mbà n'obi na mkpebi ya, n'agbanyeghị na ọ hapụrụ obere ohere maka nlọghachi na nkwupụta ikpeazụ ya. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Giardina|first=Henry|title=CHIKA Announces Retirement, Citing "Mental Toll" of Music Industry|url=https://www.them.us/story/chika-announces-retirement|accessdate=2021-04-13|work=them.|date=April 12, 2021|language=en-us}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Chika Says She's Retiring Because of the 'Mental Toll' of the Music Industry|url=https://www.complex.com/music/chika-retiring-mental-toll-music-industry|accessdate=2021-04-13|work=Complex|language=en|archivedate=2021-04-13|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210413075136/https://www.complex.com/music/chika-retiring-mental-toll-music-industry}}</ref> === Ihe nkiri === Chika nwetara ọrụ dị ka nwa akwụkwọ sekọndrị na 2020 Netflix Original ihe nkiri akpọrọ ''Ike Project Power''. O nyekwara aka na afare egwu "My Power". <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/chika-my-power-project-power-1044825/|title=Chika Drops 'My Power' from Netflix Film 'Project Power'|date=August 14, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.al.com/life/2020/08/chikas-impact-more-than-a-cameo-in-project-power.html|title=Chika's impact more than a cameo in 'Project Power'|date=August 11, 2020}}</ref> === Ejiji === Na Mee 2019, Chika gosipụtara na mgbasa ozi Calvin Klein #MyCalvins, <ref name="refinery29">{{Cite web|url=https://www.refinery29.com/en-us/2019/05/233089/chika-calvin-klein-campaign|title=Rapper Chika Addresses Critics Of Her Body Positive Calvin Klein Campaign|author=Hargrove|first=Channing|date=May 17, 2019|work=[[Refinery29]]}}</ref> na-edekwa abụ maka mkpọsa S/S 2019. N'otu afọ ahụ, ọ sonyere dị ka ndị isi na ''Business of Fashion'' na Paris Fashion Week ma eseere ya mkpuchi ihu akwụkwọ ọnwa Decemba nke ''Teen Vogue''. <ref name="essence lacy">{{Cite web|url=https://www.essence.com/hair/lacy-redway-rapper-chika-braid-crown-teen-vogue/|title=Hairstylist Lacy Redway Created A Braided Crown For Chika 'The New Queen Of The Rap Game'|author=Ford|first=Jennifer|date=December 4, 2019|work=[[Essence (magazine)|Essence]]}}</ref> ''Azụmahịa nke Ejiji'' matara ya dị ka otu n'ime mmadụ Narị ise kachasị na-achikota ụlọ ọrụ ejiji na 2019. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.businessoffashion.com/community/people/chika|title=Chika – BoF 500 – The People Shaping the Global Fashion Industry|work=[[Business of Fashion]]|accessdate=January 28, 2020}}</ref> == Ndụ onwe onye == Chika bụ ọdụdụ nwa n'ime ụmụ nwanyị atọ nne na nna ya bụ ndị Naijiria na Amerika. O sitere n'agbụrụ [[Ndị Ìgbò|Igbo]] wee zụlite ya n'okwukwe Pentikọstal. Chika na-akọwapụta dị ka nwoke na nwanyị na- enwe mmekọahụ ma na-ekwu banyere mmekọahụ na egwu na vidiyo ya. Na vidiyo ya maka "Enweghị ike ịkọwa ya", o tinyere ntụgharị nke ya na ''A different world'', otu n'ime sitcoms kachasị amasị ya. <ref name="billboard cant">{{Cite web|url=https://www.billboard.com/articles/news/pride/8544851/chika-cant-explain-it-video|title=Chika Reimagines 'A Different World' to Reflect Black, Queer Love in 'Can't Explain It' Video|author=Daw|first=Stephen|date=November 26, 2019|work=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]}}</ref> N'abalị iri atọ nke ọnwa Mee afọ 2020, ndị uwe ojii kpọchiri Chika obere oge na ngagharị iwe Los Angeles na-esochi ogbugbu ndị uwe ojii gburu George Floyd. O kwuru okwu ahụ merenụ na mgbasa ozi ọha na eze n'echi ya, na-ekwusi ike na udo dị na ngosipụta ahụ tupu itinye aka ndị uwe ojii. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Peters|first=Mitchell|title=Chika Chronicles Her Detainment While Protesting George Floyd's Death in L.A.: Watch|url=https://www.billboard.com/articles/news/9394077/chika-chronicles-her-detainment-while-protesting-george-floyds-death-in-l-a-watch|work=Billboard|accessdate=18 October 2020}}</ref> == Ihe ngosi == === Ihe omume agbakwunyere === {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center" ! scope="col" |Aha ! scope="col" | Nkọwa |- ! scope="row" | ''Oge ntoju zuru oke // EP uri'' <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://soundcloud.com/chikaoranika/sets/full-bloom|title=full bloom // a poetry EP by CHIKA|work=SoundCloud|accessdate=March 11, 2021}}</ref> | |- ! scope="row" | ''Egwuregwu ụlọ ọrụ'' | * Ewepụtara: Maachị 12, 2020 <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/the-10-biggest-rising-talents-in-hollywood-11579008577|title=The 10 Biggest Rising Talents in Hollywood|author=Duboff|first=Josh|date=January 14, 2020|work=[[The Wall Street Journal]]|accessdate=January 26, 2020|language=en-US}}</ref> * aha: Warner * Usoro: Nbudata dijitalụ, nkwanye ugwu |- ! scope="row" | ''Spotify Singles'' | * Ewepụtara: Maachị 9, 2021 * aha: Warner * Ụdị: Nbudata dijitalụ, nkwanye |- ! scope="row" | ''O ruru otu mgbe'' | * Ewepụtara: Maachị 12, 2021 * aha: Warner * Ụdị: Nbudata dijitalụ, nkwanye |} === Ndị dị otu === ==== Dị ka onye isi egwu ==== {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center" ! scope="col" |Title ! scope="col" |Year ! scope="col" |Album |- ! scope="row" |"xFaded"<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://oranicuhh.bandcamp.com/track/xfaded|title=xFaded by CHIKA|work=Bandcamp|accessdate=March 11, 2021}}</ref> | rowspan="9" |2017 | rowspan="14" {{n/a|non-album singles}} |- ! scope="row" |"Juke Jam" (Cover)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://oranicuhh.bandcamp.com/track/juke-jam-cover|title=Juke Jam (cover) by CHIKA|work=Bandcamp|accessdate=March 11, 2021}}</ref> |- ! scope="row" |"Love Galore" (Cover)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://oranicuhh.bandcamp.com/track/love-galore-cover|title=Love Galore (Cover) by CHIKA|work=Bandcamp|accessdate=March 11, 2021}}</ref> |- ! scope="row" |"(Get You)" Cover<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://oranicuhh.bandcamp.com/track/get-you-cover|title=Get You (Cover) by CHIKA|work=Bandcamp|accessdate=March 11, 2021}}</ref> |- ! scope="row" |"Lovin' You" (Poem)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://oranicuhh.bandcamp.com/track/lovin-you-poem|title=Lovin' You (Poem) by CHIKA|work=Bandcamp|accessdate=March 11, 2021}}</ref> |- ! scope="row" |"Spoiled" (Cover)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://oranicuhh.bandcamp.com/track/spoiled-cover|title=Spoiled (cover) by CHIKA|work=Bandcamp|accessdate=March 11, 2021}}</ref> |- ! scope="row" |"Smile"<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://oranicuhh.bandcamp.com/track/smi-e-prod-by-shak|title=Smile by CHIKA|work=Bandcamp|accessdate=March 11, 2021}}</ref> |- ! scope="row" |"Monsters"<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://oranicuhh.bandcamp.com/track/monsters|title=Monsters by CHIKA|work=Bandcamp|accessdate=March 11, 2021}}</ref> |- ! scope="row" |"Congratulations" (Cover)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://oranicuhh.bandcamp.com/track/congratulations|title=Congratulations by CHIKA|work=Bandcamp|accessdate=March 11, 2021}}</ref> |- ! scope="row" |"Want Me"<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://oranicuhh.bandcamp.com/track/want-me|title=Want Me by CHIKA|work=Bandcamp|accessdate=March 11, 2021}}</ref> | rowspan="2" |2018 |- ! scope="row" |"KOD" (Remix)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://oranicuhh.bandcamp.com/track/kod-remix|title=KOD (Remix) by CHIKA|work=Bandcamp|accessdate=March 11, 2021}}</ref> |- ! scope="row" |"No Squares" | rowspan="2" |2019 |- ! scope="row" |"High Rises" |- ! scope="row" |"Can't Explain It"<br /><br />(featuring Charlie Wilson) | rowspan="5" |2020 |- ! scope="row" |"Industry Games" |''Industry Games'' |- ! scope="row" |“U Should” | rowspan="2" {{n/a|non-album singles}} |- ! scope="row" |“My Power (from Project Power)” |- ! scope="row" |"FWB" |''Once Upon a Time'' |- ! scope="row" |"Too Much Sun in LA" |2021 |{{n/a|Non-album single}} |- |} ==== Dị ka onye -egosipụtara n'egwu ==== {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center;" ! rowspan="2" scope="col" |Title ! rowspan="2" scope="col" |Year ! colspan="1" scope="col" |Peak chart positions ! rowspan="2" scope="col" |Album |- ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%;" |US R&amp;amp;B Dig. |- ! scope="row" |"Coulda Told Me"<br /><br />(Rachel Crow featuring Chika) |2018 |— | rowspan="4" {{n/a|non-album singles}} |- ! scope="row" |"Sabotage"<br /><br />(JoJo featuring Chika) |2019 |18<ref name="sabotage chart"/> |- ! scope="row" |"CHORE"<br /><br />(Chelsea Peretti featuring Chika) |2020 |— |- ! scope="row" |"Can't Put It in the Hands of Fate"<br /><br />(Stevie Wonder featuring Rapsody, Cordae, Chika and Busta Rhymes) |2020 |— |} === Egwu nwere vidio === {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center" ! scope="col" |Title ! scope="col" |Year ! scope="col" |Director |- ! scope="row" |"No Squares" | rowspan="3" |2019 |Jack Piatt |- ! scope="row" |"High Rises" |Cierra "Sh00ter" Glaude |- ! scope="row" |"Can't Explain It"<br /><br />(featuring Charlie Wilson) |Top Shelf Jr., Chika<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=by82R3CROaE|title=CHIKA - Can't Explain It (feat. Charlie Wilson) [Official Music Video]}}</ref> |} == Ihe nrite na nhọpụta == {| class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders" style="width: 85%;" ! scope="col" |Organization ! scope="col" |Year ! scope="col" |Category ! scope="col" |Nominated work ! scope="col" |Result ! class="unsortable" scope="col" |Ref. |- |Grammy Awards |2021 |Best New Artist |&#x2013; |{{Nom}} | style="text-align:center;" |<ref name="Grammys">{{Cite web|date=November 24, 2020|title=2021 GRAMMYs: Complete Nominees List|url=https://www.grammy.com/grammys/news/2021-grammys-complete-nominees-list|accessdate=November 24, 2020|work=[[Grammy.com]]|archive-date=January 6, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220106235118/https://www.grammy.com/grammys/news/2021-grammys-complete-winners-nominees-list|url-status=dead}}</ref> |- |NAACP Image Awards |2021 |Outstanding New Artist |"High Rises" |{{Nom}} | style="text-align:center;" |<ref name="naacp nom">{{Cite web|author=Davis|first=Clayton|title=Viola Davis, Tyler Perry and Regina King Up for Entertainer of the Year at 2021 NAACP Image Awards|url=https://variety.com/2021/awards/awards/2021-naacp-image-awards-nominations-1234898205/|work=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]|accessdate=March 1, 2021|date=February 2, 2021}}</ref> |- |GLAAD Media Awards |2021 |Outstanding Breakthrough Music Artist |''Industry Games'' | {{Won}} | style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite web|date=April 8, 2021|title=Disclosure, Schitt's Creek, Sam Smith, Happiest Season, I May Destroy You, CHIKA, Veneno, Star Trek: Discovery, The Boys in the Band, The Not-Too-Late Show with Elmo among award recipients at the 32nd Annual GLAAD Media Awards|url=https://www.glaad.org/blog/32-glaad-media-awards-winners|accessdate=April 9, 2021|work=[[GLAAD]]|language=en|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210409151631/https://www.glaad.org/blog/32-glaad-media-awards-winners|archivedate=April 9, 2021}}</ref> |} == Ebemsidee == {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Chika (rapper)}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] t1ay0xm7m5z0yvp6h2tpl7cq45y5oqq 0 12797 727540 212675 2026-09-24T06:55:11Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727540 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Usòrò:Philadelphia_Baby_Farmers.jpg|thumb|N'afọ 1904, e jidere Elizabeth Ashmead nke Philadelphia, ya na ọtụtụ ndị enyi ya, ma bo ya ebubo na ha na-arụ ọrụ "ugbo ụmụaka"]] Òwùwè ụmụaka ma ọ bụ '''owuwe nwa ọhụrụ''' na-ezo aka n'usoro ire ụmụ mmadụ, na-abụkarị maka nkuchi nke ezinụlọ na mba ndị mepere emepe, mana mgbe ụfọdụ maka ebumnuche ndị ọzọ, gụnyere ịzụ ahịa. Okwu a gụnyere ọtụtụ ọnọdụ na ogo nke akụ na ụba, mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya, na mmanye anụ ahụ. A na-akpọ mmemme owuwe ụmụaka ma ọ bụ ebe ha na-ewere ọnọdụ mgbe ụfọdụ dị ka '''ụlọ ọrụ''' mmepụta ihe ụmụaka ma ọ bụ '''ugbo ụmụ ntakịrị'''. == Ahịa == Òwùwè ụmụaka na-ezo aka n'ọnọdụ ebe a na-ere ụmụaka maka nkuchi, mana ọ pụkwara ịpụta ọnọdụ ebe a na-azụ ahịa ụmụaka iji nye ndị ohu ọrụ.<ref name="NigeriaDailyNews">[https://archive.today/20130208154403/http://articles.nydailynews.com/2011-06-02/news/29631752_1_pregnant-teens-human-trafficking-teen-girls Police in Nigeria free 32 pregnant teens from 'baby factory;' newborns sold into labor, sex markets], ''[[Daily News (New York)|Daily News]]'', June 2, 2011</ref><ref name="NigeriaAFP">[https://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5joyO03Khbbuw9SmkX-ce_PdamESQ?docId=CNG.3fe18ab5af9d3cb2bd07a5efa1d18035.651 Nigerian 'baby factory' raided, 32 teenage girls freed], ''[[Agence France-Presse|AFP]]'', Jun 1, 2011</ref> A na-ejikọta ya karịsịa ma jupụta na ụfọdụ ahịa nkuchi mba ụwa.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.abc.net.au/foreign/content/2009/s2686908.htm|title=Fly Away Children|author=Geoghegan|first=Andrew|date=2009-09-15|work=[[ABC Online]]|accessdate=27 November 2010}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.adoption-articles.com/harvesting_babies.htm|title=International Baby Harvesting and Adoption-Abduction|work=adoption-articles.com|accessdate=2009-11-02|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20120724145751/http://www.adoption-articles.com/harvesting_babies.htm|archivedate=2012-07-24}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://works.bepress.com/david_smolin/|title=SelectedWorks - David M. Smolin|first=Berkeley Electronic|author=Press|work=works.bepress.com|accessdate=2022-04-22|archivedate=2016-03-10|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160310044810/http://works.bepress.com/david_smolin/}}</ref> A na-amanyekarị ụmụ ọhụrụ a na-azụta n'ahịa ịrụ ọrụ n'ugbo, ogbunigwe na ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe, dị ka ndị ọrụ ụlọ ma ọ bụ dị ka ndị ọrụ mmekọahụ.<ref name="NigeriaDailyNews"/><ref name="NigeriaAFP"/> Enweela ebubo ole na ole banyere ụfọdụ mmemme òwùwè ụmụaka nke na-enye ụmụ ọhụrụ ka a taa ha ahụhụ ma ọ bụ chụọ ha n'àjà anwansi ojii ma ọ bụ amoosu.<ref name="NigeriaBBC">[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-13622679 Nigeria 'baby farm' girls rescued by Abia state police], ''[[BBC]]'', June 1, 2011</ref><ref name="NigeriaTheGuardian">[https://www.theguardian.com/law/2011/jun/02/nigeria-baby-farm-raided-human-trafficking Nigerian 'baby farm' raided – 32 pregnant girls rescued], ''[[The Guardian]]'', June 2, 2011</ref> Ndị ọrụ nchekwa Naịjirịa achọpụtala ọtụtụ ụlọ ọrụ ụmụaka a na-ebo ebubo n'afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya, ọburu ibu na mpaghara ọwụwa anyanwụ nke mba ahụ bu '''ndị Igbo''' bi. Ịzụ ahịa mmadụ juru ebe niile n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ Afrịka, ebe a na-azụta ụmụaka n'aka ezinụlọ ha ka ha rụọ ọrụ n'ugbo, ogbunigwe na ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe ma ọ bụ dị ka onye enyemaka n'ụlọ. A na-ere ndị ọzọ n'ịgba akwụna, a na-ata ha ahụhụ ma ọ bụ chụọ ha n'àjà na mmeme anwansi ojii.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.news24.com/Africa/News/Nigeria-frees-16-in-baby-factory-raid-20130620|title=Child harvesting/ Baby factories|date=June 2013}}</ref> A mechibidoro ịzụ ahịa mmadụ, gụnyere ire ụmụaka, n'okpuru iwu Naịjirịa (PDF), mana ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ afọ iri gara aga, akụkọ UNESCO (PDF) banyere ịzụ ahịa mmadụ na Naịjirịa gosipụtara azụmahịa ahụ dị ka mpụ nke atọ kachasị na mba ahụ n'eso aghụghọ ego na ịzụ ahịa ọgwụ ọjọọ, ọnọdụ ahụ adịbeghị mma. A na-ere ma ọ dịkarịa ala ụmụaka iri kwa ụbọchị na mba ahụ. == Isi mmalite == Ụmụ nwanyị dị ime nwere ike ihu nrụgide akụ na ụba ma ọ bụ mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya, ma ọ bụ, na-adịkarịghị, mmanye kpọmkwem ịhapụ ụmụ ọhụrụ ha.<ref name="BangkokTheHuffingtonPost">[http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/02/24/vietnamese-women-freed-fr_n_827595.html Thai Police Free 14 Women From Illegal Baby-Breeding Farm In Bangkok], ''[[The Huffington Post]]'', February 24, 2011</ref> E nwere akụkọ a na-adịghị ahụkebe banyere ụmụ nwanyị na-adubeghị ime ka a na-etinye ime iji mụpụta ụmụ ọhụrụ maka ire ere.<ref name="GuatemalaTheGuardian">{{Cite news|title=£700 for a child? Guatemalan 'baby factory' deals in misery and hope|author=Tuckman|first=Jo|date=13 March 2007|work=The Guardian|page=25|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2007/mar/14/jotuckman.international}}</ref> A kọrọ banyere ugbo ụmụaka na India, Nigeria, Guatemala, Thailand na Egypt.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://dunyanews.tv/en/Crime/333230-India-Cops-bust-baby-farm-where-you-can-buy-an-|title=India: Cops bust 'baby farm' where you can buy an infant for $1,400 - Crime - Dunya News}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/law/2011/jun/02/nigeria-baby-farm-raided-human-trafficking|title=Nigerian 'baby farm' raided – 32 pregnant girls rescued|first=David|author=Smith|date=2 June 2011|work=The Guardian}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2007/mar/14/jotuckman.international|title=£700 for a child? Guatemalan 'baby factory' deals in misery and hope|first=Jo|author=Tuckman|date=14 March 2007|work=The Guardian}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/02/24/vietnamese-women-freed-fr_n_827595.html|title=Thai Police Free 14 Women From Illegal Baby-Breeding Farm In Bangkok|date=24 February 2011|work=Huffington Post}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.news.com.au/world/breaking-news/egypt-police-bust-baby-trafficking-ring/news-story/256ad561cc9f520561457448a41f6554|title=Egypt Police Bust Baby Trafficking Ring|publisher=news.com.au}}</ref> === Naịjirịa === Òwùwè ụmụaka na Naịjirịa bụ akụkụ nke ịzụ ahịa mmadụ. Ọ na-ewerekarị ọnọdụ n'ime ụlọ ndị e mere ka ọ bụrụ ụlọ nne, ụlọ ụmụ mgbei, ụlọ ọgwụ na obere ụlọ ọrụ ebe ụmụ agbọghọ dị ime na-ebi ma na-amụ ụmụ ọhụrụ iji kwụọ ụgwọ ego.<ref>Eseadi, C., Ikechukwu-Ilomuanya, A. B., Achagh, W., & Ogbuabor, S. E. (2015). Prevalence of baby factory in Nigeria: An emergent form of child abuse, trafficking and molestation of women. International Journal of Interdisciplinary Research Methods, 2(1), 1–12.</ref> Ihe dị iche iche na-ebute omume a gụnyere ụgwọ mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya na ịmụ nwa na mmechuihu ọha na eze banyere amụtaghị nwa na afọ ime afọ iri na ụma. Ahịa ojii maka ụmụ amụrụ ọhụrụ amalitela n'akụkụ ụfọdụ nke mba ahụ iji nye ụmụ ọhụrụ n'ezinụlọ bara ọgaranya ndị na-ahọrọ usoro nzuzo dị ọnụ ala dị ka ihe nnọchi anya maka ịmụ nwa, in vitro fertilization, assisted reproductive technology ma ọ bụ nkuchi site na ọrụ mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya.<ref name="makinde">[http://tva.sagepub.com/content/early/2015/07/23/1524838015591588 Makinde OA, Olaleye O, Makinde OO, Huntley SS, Brown B. (July 2015). Baby Factories in Nigeria: Starting the Discussion Toward a National Prevention Policy. Trauma Violence Abuse &#x5B;Internet&#x5D;. (cited July 24, 2015)]</ref> Ọtụtụ n'ime ụmụ nwanyị ndị a na-ere ụmụ ha bụ ụmụ nwanyị na-alụbeghị di na nwunye sitere n'ezinụlọ ndị nwere obere ego bụ ndị na-atụ egwu mmechuihu ọha na eze n'ihi afọ ime a na-achọghị. Ụfọdụ n'ime ụmụ agbọghọ na-eto eto na-abịa n'ụlọ ọrụ na-emepụta nwa mgbe ha chọchara ụlọ ọgwụ iha ime, ọ bụ ezie na a tọọrọ ndị ọzọ.<ref name="makinde"/> A na-ahụ ọtụtụ n'ime ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ụmụaka a chọpụtara na Ndida Naijiria na [[Ȯra Ondo|Ondo]], [[Ȯra Ogun|Ogun]], [[Ọ̀hà Ímò|Imo]], [[Ȯra Akwa Ibom|Akwa Ibom]] [[Ȯra Abia|Abia]] na [[Ọ̀hà Ọmambala|Anambra]].<ref name="makinde" /> Ọ bụ United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation bipụtara akụkọ mbụ a kọrọ n'ihu ọha banyere ụlọ ọrụ na-emepụta ụmụaka n'afọ 2006.<ref name="makinde"/> N'afọ 2008, ndị uwe ojii kpughere netwọk nke ụlọ ọrụ na-emepụta ụmụaka na-azọrọ na ha bụ ụlọ ụmụ mgbei na Enugu, [[Enụgwụ|Enugu]] Steeti (Nigeria).<ref name="NigeriaAFP"/><ref name="NigeriaFoxNews">[https://web.archive.org/web/20120630105844/http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,452613,00.html Police Raids Reveal Alleged Network of 'Baby Farms'], ''[[Fox News Channel|Fox News]]'', November 15, 2008</ref><ref name="NigeriaCBSNews">[http://www.cbsnews.com/8301-503543_162-20068184-503543.html 32 teens freed in Nigeria "baby factory" raid], ''[[CBS News]]'', June 2, 2011</ref> N'afọ 2011, ndị uwe ojii Naịjirịa wakporo ụlọ ọgwụ abụọ ọzọ, si otú a kwatuo ụlọ ọrụ ụmụaka abụọ: n'ọnwa Juun, a hụrụ ụmụ nwanyị dị ime iri atọ na abụọ na [[Abá|Aba]], [[Ȯra Abia|Abia]] n'ụlọ ọgwụ nke ''The Cross Foundation''; n'ọnwa irí, a hụrụ ụmụ nwanyị dị ime iri na asaa (iri atọ dị ka ụfọdụ isi mmalite si kwuo) na [[Ihiala]], [[Ọ̀hà Ọmambala|Anambra]] n'ụlọ ọgwụ nke ''Iheanyi Ezuma Foundation''.<ref name="NigeriaBBC"/><ref name="NigeriaTheGuardian"/><ref name="NigeriaDailyNews"/><ref name="Nigeria247ureports">[http://247ureports.com/2011/10/police-arrest-30-pregnant-teenagers-proprietor-at-anambra-motherless-home/ Police Arrest 30 Pregnant Teenagers, Proprietor At Anambra Motherless Home], ''[[247ureports]]'', October 15, 2011</ref><ref name="NigeriaTheNation">[http://www.thenationonlineng.net/2011/index.php/news/22925-17-pregnant-teenagers-arrested-in-anambra-baby-factory.html 17 pregnant teenagers arrested in Anambra baby factory], ''[[The Nation (Nigeria)|The Nation]]'', October 15, 2011</ref> Achọpụtara ụlọ ọrụ ụmụaka ise ọzọ na 2013, a chọpụtakwara asatọ ọzọ na afọ 2015.<ref name="makinde" /> A na-ahụ ụmụ nwanyị na-enweghi ike ịmụ nwa dị ka ndị isi na-akwado ụlọ ọrụ ụmụaka ndị a n'ihi mmechuihu nke di na nwunye na-enweghị nwa na Southern Nigeria na nsogbu gbasara nnabata ọdịbendị nke ịmụ nwa na nkuchi. Omume ndị a enyewo aka na uto na ụlọ ọrụ ahụ nke na-akpata ime ihe ike anụ ahụ, nke uche, na mmekọahụ nye ndị ahụ ọ metụtara. == Mgbochi == Idozi ụlọ ọrụ ụmụaka ga-agụnye ụzọ dị iche iche nke gụnyere ịkwado na ịme iwu na-egbochi ụlọ ọrụ ụmụaka na ịzụ ahịa ụmụ ọhụrụ na nsonaazụ siri ike maka ndị na-elekọta ha. Ọzọkwa, a chọrọ mmemme iji kụziere ụmụ agbọghọ na-eto eto banyere igbochi ịtụrụ ime a na-achọghị. A ghaghị inyocha ụzọ isi meziwanye mmata na nnabata nke nkuchi na ịmụ nwa na ibelata nsogbu nchịkwa na iwu metụtara nhọrọ ndị a maka di na nwunye na-enweghị ike ịmụ nwa iji belata mkpa ụlọ ọrụ ụmụaka<ref>{{Cite journal|date=July 24, 2015|title=Child harvesting|journal=Trauma, Violence, & Abuse|volume=18|issue=1|pages=98–105|doi=10.1177/1524838015591588|pmid=26209095|author=Makinde|first=Olusesan Ayodeji}}</ref> == Leekwa == * Ọrụ ụmụaka * mgbere ụmụaka * Ịzụ ụmụaka * Ịzụ ahịa ụmụaka * Mmegbu ụmụaka n'ụzọ azụmahịa * [[Ahia itụ mgbere mmadụ na Steeti Edo|Ịzụ ahịa mmadụ na Naịjirịa]] * Ịzụ ahịa ụmụaka * Ndepụta nke mkparị nnabata mba ụwa * Ịmụ nwa * Nkà na ụzụ na-enyere aka ịmụ nwa * Nkwenye == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * Ụlọ ọrụ na-emepụta ụmụaka: Otú e si eme ime, nnyefe na [[Vanguard (Nigeria)|Vanguard]] * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xw-aaFPLOdw Vidio]: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xw-aaFPLOdw ''Njikọ Naijiria nke Abụọ''] (18:15–23:10) nke Al Jazeera * [http://tva.sagepub.com/content/early/2015/07/23/1524838015591588.abstract Ụlọ ọrụ] ụmụaka na Naịjirịa: Ịmalite mkparịta ụka maka iwu mgbochi mba na Trauma, Violence and Abuse Journal, July 2015. * [http://www.rbmojournal.com/article/S1472-6483(15)00490-3/fulltext Ụlọ ọrụ na-emepụta ụmụaka na-emerụ ịmụ nwa na] Nigeria na Reproductive Biomedicine Online Journal, Ọktoba, 2015 * Ịzụ ahịa ụmụaka na ụlọ ọrụ ụmụaka: Akụkọ ọhụrụ nke mmegbu ụmụaka na Naịjirịa na akwụkwọ akụkọ mmetọ ụmụaka, Nọvemba 2015 [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] ghz59qioj59pwwm9wr9ed6wjz1ase74 0 12842 727568 705121 2026-09-24T09:07:21Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727568 wikitext text/x-wiki  {{Databox}} '''Ịzụ ahịa mmekọahụ n'ịntanetị''', mmetọ mmekọahụ na-ebi ndụ, njem mmekọahụ webcam / mmetọ ma ọ bụ ICTs (Information and Communication Technologies)-kwadoro mmekoahu nrigbu bu mpu intaneti nke na-egosi izu ahia mmekoahu na gwanro ndu ma na egosikwa mmekoahu n'ike na webcam.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.npr.org/sections/coronavirus-live-updates/2020/04/08/828827926/child-sex-abuse-livestreams-increase-during-coronavirus-lockdowns|title=Child Sex Abuse Livestreams Increase During Coronavirus Lockdowns|date=April 8, 2020|work=NPR}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-philippines-trafficking-children/philippines-child-slavery-survivors-fight-to-heal-scars-of-abuse-idUSKBN1H400E|title=Philippines child slavery survivors fight to heal scars of abuse|work=Reuters|date=April 8, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|author=Masri|first=Lena|date=2015-12-31|title=Webcam Child Sex Abuse|url=https://academicworks.cuny.edu/gj_etds/64|journal=Capstones}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|date=October 2020|title=Improving the regulation of cybersex trafficking of women and children through the use of data science and artificial intelligence|url=https://repository.gchumanrights.org/bitstream/handle/20.500.11825/1811/Stockhem%20Oph%c3%a9lie.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y|journal=Global Campus of Human Rights}}</ref><ref name="autogenerated11">{{Cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/09/13/world/asia/north-korea-cybersex-china.html|title=After Fleeing North Korea, Women Get Trapped as Cybersex Slaves in China|date=September 13, 2019|work=The New York Times}}</ref><ref name="northKoreanWomenForced"/><ref name="CriminalLawBulletin"/><ref name=":1"/><ref name=":2"/> Ịzụ ahịa mmekọahụ n'ịntanetị dị iche na mpụ mmekọahụ ndị ọzọ.<ref name="CriminalLawBulletin"/> Ndị na-azụ ahịa na-ebuga ndị ahụ na 'cybersex dens', nke bụ ebe nwere webcams na ngwaọrụ ejikọrọ na ịntanetị na ngwanrọ ndụ.<ref name="autogenerated5">{{Cite web|url=https://www.philstar.com/headlines/2020/04/13/2006955/senator-warns-possible-surge-child-cybersex-traffic|title=Senator warns of possible surge in child cybersex traffic|date=April 13, 2020|work=The Philippine Star}}</ref><ref name="autogenerated6">{{Cite web|url=https://theaseanpost.com/article/dutertes-drug-war-and-child-cybersex-trafficking|title=Duterte's drug war and child cybersex trafficking|date=October 18, 2019|work=The ASEAN Post}}</ref><ref name="autogenerated15">{{Cite web|url=https://news.mb.com.ph/2020/05/01/norwegian-national-partner-nabbed-4-rescued-from-cybersex-den/|title=Norwegian national, partner nabbed; 4 rescued from cybersex den|date=May 1, 2020|work=Manila Bulletin|accessdate=April 23, 2022|archivedate=July 29, 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200729013030/https://news.mb.com.ph/2020/05/01/norwegian-national-partner-nabbed-4-rescued-from-cybersex-den/}}</ref><ref name="EnforcementBulletin">{{Cite web|url=https://leb.fbi.gov/articles/featured-articles/international-efforts-by-police-leadership-to-combat-human-trafficking|title=International Efforts by Police Leadership to Combat Human Trafficking|date=June 8, 2016|work=FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin}}</ref><ref name=":1"/><ref name=":3">{{Cite web|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/crime/child-sex-abuse-live-streams-cyber-trafficking-rise-alarming-rate-latest-warning-a8058866.html|title=Child sex abuse live streams rising at 'alarming rate' amid surge in 'cybersex trafficking'|date=November 16, 2017|work=The Independent}}</ref> N'ebe ahụ, a na-amanye ndị a mmekoahu n'ime onwe ha ma ọ bụ ndị ọzọ nọ n'ohu mmekọahụ ma ọ bụ ndị na-azụ ahịa dinara ha n'ike ma ọ bụ na-enyere ndị na-awakpo aka na vidiyo.<ref name="northKoreanWomenForced"/><ref name="autogenerated26">{{Cite web|url=https://blogs.unicef.org/east-asia-pacific/safe-harm-tackling-online-child-sexual-abuse-philippines/|title=Safe from harm: Tackling online child sexual abuse in the Philippines|date=June 7, 2016|work=UNICEF Blogs}}</ref><ref name="northKoreanWomenForced" /><ref name="autogenerated7">{{Cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/global-health/women-and-girls/oppressed-enslaved-brutalised-women-trafficked-north-korea-chinas/|title=Oppressed, enslaved and brutalised: The women trafficked from North Korea into China's sex trade|date=May 20, 2019|work=The Telegraph|author=Smith|first=Nicola}}</ref> A na-enyekarị ndị a metụtara iwu ka ha na-ekiri ndị na-akwụ ụgwọ na-azụ ahịa ma ọ bụ ndị na-azụ ahịa na ihuenyo ma na-agbaso iwu ha.<ref name=":2"/><ref name="northKoreanDefectors">{{Cite web|url=https://www.cnn.com/2019/06/09/asia/north-korea-defectors-intl-hnk/index.html|title=These North Korean defectors were sold into China as cybersex slaves. Then they escaped|date=June 10, 2019|work=CNN}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/sweden/9793567/Man-jailed-in-Sweden-for-ordering-webcam-rape-in-Philippines.html|archiveurl=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220112/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/sweden/9793567/Man-jailed-in-Sweden-for-ordering-webcam-rape-in-Philippines.html|archivedate=January 12, 2022|title=Man jailed in Sweden for ordering webcam rape in Philippines|date=January 10, 2013|work=The Telegraph}}</ref> Ọ na-abụkarị azụmahịa, ụdị cyba nke ịgba akwụna mmanye.<ref name="autogenerated25">{{Cite web|url=https://www.europol.europa.eu/crime-areas-and-trends/crime-areas/child-sexual-exploitation|title=Child Sexual Exploitation|date=2020|work=Europol}}</ref><ref name="northKoreanWomenForced" /><ref>{{Cite journal|author=Greiman|first=Virginia|date=2013|title=The Emergence of Cyber Activity as a Gateway to Human Trafficking|journal=Journal of Information Warfare|volume=12|issue=2|pages=41–49}} p. 43.</ref> Ụmụ nwanyị, ụmụaka, na ndị dara ogbenye bụ ndị na-enwekarị mmekọahụ mmanye n'ịntanetị.<ref name="autogenerated3">{{Cite web|url=https://cebudailynews.inquirer.net/306570/police-rescue-4-women-child-from-dumaguete-cybersex-den|title=Police rescue 4 women, child from Dumaguete cybersex den|date=April 30, 2020|work=Cebu Daily News}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2013-04-19/australian-arrested-over-alleged-cybersex-den/4640336|title=Australian arrested over alleged cybersex den|date=April 19, 2013|work=ABC News}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.philstar.com/the-freeman/region/2013/08/09/1070351/cybersex-den-dutchman-nabbed-8-women-rescued|title=In cybersex den: Dutchman nabbed, 8 women rescued|date=August 9, 2013|work=The Freeman}}</ref><ref name=":2" /><ref name=":3" /><ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/ijm-seeks-to-end-cybersex-trafficking-of-children-and-restartfreedom-this-cyber-monday-and-giving-tuesday-300368744.html|title=IJM Seeks to End Cybersex Trafficking of Children and #RestartFreedom this Cyber Monday and Giving Tuesday|date=November 28, 2016|work=PR Newswire}}</ref> Ihe oyiyi nkwukọrịta kọmputa nke e mepụtara n'oge mpụ ahụ bụ ụdị ihe na-akpali agụụ mmekọahụ ma ọ bụ ihe<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://cybercrime.gov.in/Webform/FAQ.aspx|title=National Cyber Crime Reporting Portal|date=2020|work=India India|accessdate=May 12, 2020|archivedate=May 15, 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200515145407/https://www.cybercrime.gov.in/Webform/FAQ.aspx}}</ref><ref name="autogenerated27">{{Cite web|url=https://www.cryptopolitan.com/bithumb-delists-monero-amid-sex-scandal/|title=Bithumb delists Monero amid Nth room sex scandal|date=May 16, 2020|work=Cryptopolitan}}</ref> na-akpali agụụ mmekọahụ ụmụaka<ref name="autogenerated13">{{Cite web|url=https://www.voanews.com/east-asia-pacific/philippines-makes-more-child-cybersex-crime-arrests-rescues|title=Philippines Makes More Child Cybersex Crime Arrests, Rescues|date=May 12, 2017|work=VOA|access-date=April 23, 2022|archive-date=May 21, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200521223759/https://www.voanews.com/east-asia-pacific/philippines-makes-more-child-cybersex-crime-arrests-rescues|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="autogenerated22"/><ref name="autogenerated21">{{Cite web|url=https://www.dailytelegraph.com.au/news/nsw/first-paedophile-in-nsw-charged-with-cybersex-trafficking/news-story/bd7d1e178b1f6f55ad99f8d0433afa94|title=First paedophile in NSW charged with cybersex trafficking|date=March 27, 2017|work=the Daily Telegraph}}</ref> nke a na-ese ma na-agbasa n'oge ma nwee ike idekọ ya.<ref name="autogenerated19">{{Cite web|url=https://www.unodc.org/documents/Cybercrime/Study_on_the_Effects.pdf|title=Study on the Effects of New Information Technologies on the Abuse and Exploitation of Children|date=2015|work=UNODC}}</ref> Enweghị data gbasara oke ịzụ ahịa mmekọahụ n'ụwa.<ref name="autogenerated16"/><ref name="autogenerated9"/><ref name="autogenerated12">{{Cite web|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-conference-women-cybersextrafficking/surge-in-online-sex-trade-of-children-challenges-anti-slavery-campaigners-idUSKBN13Q54E|title=Surge in online sex trade of children challenges anti-slavery campaigners|date=December 1, 2016|work=Reuters}}</ref> Nkà na ụzụ iji chọpụta ihe omume niile nke mpụ ngwanro ndu emepụtabeghị ya.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1278960/internet-child-sex-abuse-contagion-in-ph-8-out-of-10-perpetrators-related-to-victims|title=Internet child sex abuse contagion in PH: 8 out of 10 perpetrators related to victims|date=May 21, 2020|work=Inquirer}}</ref> A na-ezigara ndị ọchịchị ọtụtụ nde akụkọ banyere ịzụ ahịa mmekọahụ n'ịntanetị kwa afọ<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=https://www.ijmuk.org/our-work/cybersex-trafficking|title=Cybersex Trafficking|date=2020|work=IJM}}</ref><ref name=":0"/>. [nchọpụta dara ada] Ọ bụ ijeri dollar, ụlọ ọrụ na-akwadoghị nke e wetara na afo dijital ma nwee njikọ na ijikọ ụwa ọnụ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://sencanada.ca/en/content/sen/chamber/421/debates/194db_2018-04-18-e|title=1st Session, 42nd Parliament, Volume 150, Issue 194|date=April 18, 2018|work=Senate of Canada|accessdate=2022-04-23|archivedate=2021-08-27|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210827203845/https://sencanada.ca/en/content/sen/chamber/421/debates/194db_2018-04-18-e}}</ref><ref name="autogenerated22"/> Ọ na-arị elu site na mgbasawanye ụwa ọnụ nke nkwukọrịta na mmụba zuru ụwa ọnụ nke ịntanetị na smartphones, ọkachasị na mba ndị na-emepe emepe.<ref name=":2"/><ref name="autogenerated1">{{Cite web|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/tech/tech-news/cheap-tech-widespread-internet-access-fuel-rise-cybersex-trafficking-n886886|title=Cheap tech and widespread internet access fuel rise in cybersex trafficking|date=June 30, 2018|work=NBC News}}</ref><ref name="autogenerated17">{{Cite web|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-britain-trafficking-crime/former-uk-army-officer-jailed-for-online-child-sex-abuse-idUSKCN1SS2BO|title=Former UK army officer jailed for online child sex abuse|date=May 22, 2019|work=Reuters}}</ref><ref name="autogenerated8">{{Cite web|url=https://www.scmp.com/news/asia/southeast-asia/article/3026664/how-cambodias-outdated-laws-make-it-harder-tackle-cybersex|title=Cybersex trafficking spreads across Southeast Asia, fuelled by internet boom. And the law lags behind|date=September 11, 2019|work=South China Morning Post}}</ref> E mekwara ka ọ dị mfe site na iji ngwanrọ, usoro nkwukọrịta ezoro ezo, na nka na uzu netwọk nke na-agbanwe mgbe niile, yana uto nke usoro ịkwụ ụgwọ n'ịntanetị mba ụwa na ọrụ nnyefe waya na cryptocurrencies nke na-ezobe njirimara onye na-ebugharị.<ref name="autogenerated28">{{Cite web|url=https://news.trust.org/shorthand/chasing-shadows/|title=Chasing Shadows: Can technology save the slaves it snared?|date=June 17, 2018|work=Thomson Reuters Foundation|accessdate=April 23, 2022|archivedate=November 19, 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20191119123510/http://news.trust.org/shorthand/chasing-shadows/}}</ref><ref name="autogenerated24">{{Cite web|url=https://news.un.org/en/story/2020/03/1058501|title=No country is free from child sexual abuse, exploitation, UN's top rights forum hears|date=March 3, 2020|work=UN News|accessdate=April 23, 2022|archivedate=May 20, 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200520115523/https://news.un.org/en/story/2020/03/1058501}}</ref><ref name="autogenerated25"/><ref name="autogenerated1" /><ref name="autogenerated9" /><ref name="autogenerated4">{{Cite web|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-philippines-trafficking-technology/webcam-slavery-tech-turns-filipino-families-into-cybersex-child-traffickers-idUSKBN1JE00X|title=Webcam slavery: tech turns Filipino families into cybersex child traffickers|date=June 17, 2018|work=Reuters}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.scmp.com/comment/insight-opinion/article/3008403/how-internet-fuels-sexual-exploitation-and-forced-labour|title=How the internet fuels sexual exploitation and forced labour in Asia|date=May 2, 2019|work=South China Morning Post}}</ref><ref name="autogenerated27"/><ref name="autogenerated23">{{Cite web|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-eu-crime/online-child-sex-abuse-rises-with-covid-19-lockdowns-europol-idUSKBN22U1XK|title=Online child sex abuse rises with COVID-19 lockdowns: Europol|date=May 18, 2020|work=Reuters}}</ref> Ọdịdị mba dị iche iche na ọnụ ọgụgụ zuru ụwa ọnụ nke ịzụ ahịa mmekọahụ n'ịntanetị na-eme ka mba, ụlọ ọrụ, na òtù nke ụwa nwee mmeghachi omume dị n'otu iji belata ihe omume nke mpụ ahụ; chebe, napụta, na imezi ndị metụtara; na ijide ma kpee ndị omekome ahụ ikpe.<ref name="autogenerated26"/> Gọọmentị ụfọdụ amalitela nkwado na mgbasa ozi nke na-elekwasị anya na mmata nke mpụ ahụ. Ha emejuputala nzukọ ọmụmụ ọzụzụ emere iji kụziere ndị mmanye iwu, ndị ọkàiwu, na ndị ọchịchị ndị ọzọ, yana ndị ọrụ NGO, iji lụso mpụ ahụ ọgụ ma nye ọrụ nlekọta mgbe mmerụ ahụ.<ref name="autogenerated18">{{Cite web|url=https://www.channelnewsasia.com/news/asia/poverty-pushes-some-kids-towards-paid-sex-abuse-philippines-10839702|title='We didn't have much to eat': Poverty pushes some kids towards paid sex abuse in the Philippines|date=July 9, 2019|work=CNA}}</ref> A chọrọ iwu ọhụrụ na-alụso ịzụ ahịa mmekọahụ ọgụ na narị afọ nke iri abụọ na otu.<ref name="autogenerated8"/> == Usoro okwu == Cyba-, dị ka ụdị njikọta, akọwapụtara dị ka 'ejikọrọ na netwọk nkwukọrịta kọmputa, ọkachasị ịntanetị.'<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/us/definition/american_english/cyber|title=cyber- combining form|date=2020|work=Oxford Learners Dictionaries}}</ref> Ịzụ ahịa mmekọahụ bụ ịzụ ahịa mmadụ maka ebumnuche nke mmegbu mmekọahụ, gụnyere ịgba ohu mmekọahụ.<ref name="Inside the Business of Modern Slavery">{{Cite book|author=Kara|first=Siddharth|url=https://cup.columbia.edu/book/sex-trafficking/9780231139618|title=Sex Trafficking: Inside the Business of Modern Slavery|date=2009|publisher=Columbia University Press|isbn=9780231139618}}</ref> A na-azụ ahịa ma ọ bụ na-ebuga ndị na-ahụ maka mmekọahụ n'ịntanetị gaa 'cybersex dens', nke bụ ụlọ ma ọ bụ ebe nwere webcam.<ref name="EnforcementBulletin"/> Mpụ cyba na-agụnyekwa ibugharị ma ọ bụ iyi ihe oyiyi nke ahụ ndị ahụ na mwakpo mmekọahụ n'oge site na kọmputa nwere webcam gaa na kọmputa ndị ọzọ ejikọrọ na ịntanetị.<ref name="CriminalLawBulletin">{{Cite journal|author=Carback|first=Joshua T.|date=2018|title=Cybersex Trafficking: Toward a More Effective Prosecutorial Response|journal=Criminal Law Bulletin|volume=54|issue=1|pages=64–183}}</ref><ref name="autogenerated11"/><ref name=":2"/> N'ihi ya, ọ na-eme n'otu akụkụ n'ime ụwa nkịtị ma ọ bụ n'ezie, dịka mwakpo mmekọahụ bụ n'ezie, na akụkụ ụfọdụ na ohere cyba.<ref name="Scotsman">{{Cite web|url=https://www.scotsman.com/news/opinion/columnists/children-risk-increased-online-sexual-exploitation-andrew-bevan-2867326|title=Children at risk of increased online sexual exploitation – Andrew Bevan|date=May 29, 2020|work=The Scotsman}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.wilx.com/content/news/Philippine-court-convicts-American-of-online-child-abuse-570819341.html|title=Philippine court convicts American of online child abuse|date=May 27, 2020|work=WILX NBC}}</ref> == Ndị E merụrụ ahụ == A na-atọrọ ndị a na-emegbu, ọkachasị ụmụ nwanyị na ụmụaka, iyi egwu, ma ọ bụ ghọgbuo ha.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://philippineslifestyle.com/sri-lankan-bulacan-cybersex-slave/|title=Sri Lankan made Filipina wife 'cybersex slave' and molested stepdaughter|date=July 12, 2019|work=PLN}}</ref><ref name="deutscheWelle">{{Cite web|url=https://www.dw.com/en/about-dw/profile/s-30688|title=China: Thousands of North Korean women forced into prostitution: report|date=May 20, 2019|work=Deutsche Welle}}</ref><ref name="northKoreanDefectors"/><ref name="autogenerated3"/><ref name="northKoreanWomenForced">{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-48340210|title=North Korean women 'forced into sex slavery' in China – report|date=May 20, 2019|work=BBC News}}</ref><ref name=":2"/><ref name="northKoreanDefectors" /> A na-aṅụ ndị ọzọ ọgwụ ọjọọ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://journal.com.ph/news/provincial/drugged-pinays-paid-p300-cybersex|title=Drugged Pinays paid P300 for cybersex|date=May 2, 2020|work=Journal Online (Philippines)|accessdate=May 13, 2020|archivedate=May 21, 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200521223836/https://journal.com.ph/news/provincial/drugged-pinays-paid-p300-cybersex}}</ref> A na-ejide ha ma kpọchie ha n'ime ụlọ ndị nwere windo ma ọ bụ enweghị windo na webcam.<ref name="northKoreanDefectors" /><ref name=":2" /> Ha na-enwe mmerụ ahụ na nke uche.<ref name=":2" /><ref name="autogenerated22">{{Cite web|url=https://www.smh.com.au/world/philippine-children-exploited-in-billiondollar-webcam-paedophilia-industry-20140708-zszsd.html|title=Philippine children exploited in billion-dollar webcam paedophilia industry|date=July 8, 2014|work=The Sydney Morning Herald}}</ref><ref name="autogenerated18"/> E meela ndina n'ike na webcam.<ref name="autogenerated7"/><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/world/news/article.cfm?c_id=2&objectid=11787312|title=Attackers broadcast woman's horrific gang rape on Facebook Live as webcam shows the moment police arrived to save the victim|date=January 24, 2017|work=The New Zealand Herald}}</ref> A na-amanye ụfọdụ ka ha nwee mmekọ nwoke na nwanyị.<ref name="autogenerated16"/> A na-ajụ ndị a na-egbu nri, na-egbochi ha ihi ụra, ma na-amanye ha ịrụ ọrụ mgbe ha na-arịa ọrịa.<ref name="autogenerated7" /><ref name="northKoreanDefectors" /><ref name="autogenerated11"/> Ha ebutela ọrịa, gụnyere ụkwara nta, mgbe ha nọ n'agbụ.<ref name="autogenerated11" /> A na-awakpo ma ọ bụ taa ọtụtụ mmadụ ahụhụ.<ref name="autogenerated11" /><ref name="northKoreanDefectors" /><ref name="autogenerated21"/><ref name="autogenerated20">{{Cite web|url=https://www.abc.net.au/religion/why-are-australian-telcos-and-isps-enabling-a-child-sexual-abuse/10095644|title=Why Are Australian Telcos and ISPs Enabling a Child Sexual Abuse Pandemic?|date=July 6, 2017|work=ABC}}</ref> Enwere ike iji ndị a metụtara mee ihe n'ebe ọ bụla ebe ndị na-azụ ahịa mmekọahụ nwere kọmputa, mbadamba, ma ọ bụ ekwentị nwere njikọ ịntanetị.<ref name=":1"/> Ebe ndị a, nke a na-akpọkarị 'cybersex dens,' nwere ike ịnọ n'ụlọ, ụlọ nkwari akụ, ọfịs, ụlọ oriri na ọṅụṅụ ịntanetị, na ụlọ ọrụ ndị ọzọ, na-eme ka ha sie ike ma ọ bụ na-agaghị ekwe omume maka ndị mmanye iwu ịmata.<ref name="autogenerated5"/><ref name="autogenerated6"/><ref name="autogenerated15"/><ref name=":2"/> A maghị ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị na-azụ ahịa mmekọahụ n'ịntanetị.<ref name="autogenerated16">{{Cite web|url=https://www.scmp.com/news/asia/southeast-asia/article/3008948/philippines-targets-cybersex-trafficking-young-victims-are|title=Philippines targets cybersex trafficking but young victims are often left in limbo|date=May 6, 2019|work=South China Morning Post}}</ref><ref name="autogenerated9"/> A na-amanye ụfọdụ ndị a metụtara ịgba akwụna n'otu oge n'ụlọ akwụna ma ọ bụ ebe ọzọ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.rappler.com/nation/96079-kids-rescued-cybersex-raid-taguig|title=8 kids rescued from cybersex den in Taguig|date=June 11, 2015|work=Rappler}}</ref> Mgbapụta nke gụnyere mmegbu mmekọahụ nke ụmụaka site n'aka ndị nne na nna na-achọkarị nkewa nke ụmụaka na ezinụlọ na ndụ ọhụrụ maka ha n'ụlọ mgbaba.<ref name="autogenerated18"/> A naghị ebugharị ụfọdụ ndị a metutara ma jide ha n'agha, kama ọ bụ ndị a na-ahụ maka mmekọahụ n'ịntanetị. A na-eyi ha egwu, webcam blackmailed, ma ọ bụ na-emegbu ha iji mee onwe ha ihe nkiri na-eme omume mmekọahụ n'ịntanetị.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/online-rape-conviction-bjorn-samstrom-grooming-webcams-sex-acts-victims-uk-us-canada-uppsala-court-a8086261.html|title=Swedish man convicted over 'online rape' of teens groomed into performing webcam sex acts|date=December 1, 2017|work=The Independent}}</ref><ref name="BrusselsTimes">{{Cite web|url=https://www.brusselstimes.com/all-news/belgium-all-news/justice-belgium/50940/five-years-in-jail-for-rape-at-a-distance-for-online-abuser/|title=Five years in jail for "rape at a distance" for online abuser|date=September 26, 2018|work=The Brussels Times}}</ref><ref name="autogenerated27"/><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.hrw.org/news/2020/05/18/nepal-failing-protect-women-online-abuse|title=Nepal Failing to Protect Women from Online Abuse|date=May 18, 2020|work=Human Rights Watch}}</ref> A manyere ndị a na-emegbu ka ha banye onwe ha, n'ihe a kpọrọ 'ịdina n'ike n'ebe dị anya'.<ref name="BrusselsTimes" /> A na-aghọgbu ndị ọzọ, gụnyere ndị mmekọ ịhụnanya ụgha bụ ndị na-edina n'ike n'ezie ma ọ bụ ndị na-ekesa ụmụaka na-akpali agụụ mmekọahụ, iji mee onwe ha ihe nkiri masturbating.<ref name="autogenerated2">{{Cite web|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-thailand-trafficking-sexcrimes/thai-police-say-cybersex-traffickers-targeting-boys-from-wealthy-families-idUSKCN1TI1QA|title=Thai police say cybersex traffickers targeting boys from wealthy families|date=June 17, 2019|work=Reuters}}</ref> A na-agbasa vidiyo ndị ahụ na ndị na-azụ ahịa ma ọ bụ dekọọ maka ire ere mgbe e mesịrị.<ref name="autogenerated19"/> Ndị a na-eleghara anya site na ịda ogbenye, esemokwu, ịpụ iche ọha na eze, ịkpa ókè, ma ọ bụ nsogbu ndị ọzọ na eze nọ n'ihe ize ndụ dị ukwuu nke ịbụ ndị a na-emegbu.<ref name="autogenerated24"/> A na-akpọ ịzụ ahịa mmekọahụ na ma ọ bụ mgbasa ozi na-enweghị nkwekọrịta nke ọdịnaya mmekọahụ metụtara ụmụ nwanyị na ụmụ agbọghọ, nke na-agụnyekarị iyi egwu, dị ka "ime ihe ike nwoke na nwanyị dijitalụ" ma ọ bụ 'ime ihe ike nwoke na nwanyị n'ịntanetị'.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://taipeitimes.com/News/taiwan/archives/2020/05/13/2003736319|title=Lawmakers vow to thwart 'digital gender violence'|date=May 13, 2020|work=Taipei Times}}</ref> Ndị metutara, n'agbanyeghị na a manyere ha, a na-anọgide na-eme mpụ ma na-ekpe ha ikpe na mpaghara ụfọdụ.<ref name="autogenerated24"/> == Ndị omekome == Ndị na-azụ ahịa na-ebuga ndị metụtara na ebe ndị nwere webcams na ngwanrọ mgbasa ozi. Ha ma ọ bụ ndi na enyere ndị na-awakpo aka na-eme ma na-eme ihe nkiri mpụ mmekọahụ iji mepụta ezigbo oge ndina n'ike na-akpali agụụ mmekọahụ ma ọ bụ ihe nkiri ụmụaka na-akpali agụụ mmekọahụ nke nwere ike idekọ ma ọ bu gaghị edekọ. Ndị na-ege ntị n'ịntanetị ma ọ bụ ndị na-azụ ahịa, ndị na-esikarị mba ọzọ, nwere ike inye ndị ahụ ma ọ bụ ndị na-edina mmadụ n'ike iwu ma kwụọ ụgwọ maka ọrụ ndị ahụ. Ndị na-eme ihe ọjọọ nwoke na nwanyị, na-arụ ọrụ n'azụ ihe mgbochi nkịtị ma na-abụkarị ndị a na-amaghị aha, na-abịa site na mba dị iche iche n'ụwa na site na klas ọ bụla na akụ na ụba.<ref name="autogenerated4"/><ref name="autogenerated14">{{Cite web|url=https://www.rappler.com/nation/258987-trapped-with-abusers-children-rescued-from-sex-trafficker-luzon|title='Trapped with abusers,' 7 kids rescued from sex trafficker in Luzon|date=April 25, 2020|work=Rappler}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.smh.com.au/world/australia-urged-to-punish-child-cybersex-offenders-watching-filipino-abuse-20170714-gxb9fh.html|title=Australia urged to punish child cybersex offenders watching Filipino abuse|date=July 14, 2017|work=The Sydney Morning Herlad}}</ref><ref name="autogenerated9">{{Cite web|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-philippines-trafficking-children/global-taskforce-tackles-cybersex-child-trafficking-in-the-philippines-idUSKCN1RR1D1|title=Global taskforce tackles cybersex child trafficking in the Philippines|date=April 15, 2019|work=Reuters}}</ref><ref name="autogenerated1"/><ref name="autogenerated22"/> Ụfọdụ ndị na-azụ ahịa na ndị na-awakpo ndị ezinụlọ, ndị enyi, na ndị enyi ya.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|url=https://www.cnn.com/2013/07/17/world/asia/philippines-cybersex-trafficking/index.html|title=Cyber-sex trafficking: A 21st century scourge|date=July 18, 2013|work=CNN}}</ref><ref name=":3"/><ref name="autogenerated22" /> Ndị na-azụ ahịa nwere ike ịbụ akụkụ ma ọ bụ nyere aka site na òtù ndị omempụ mba ụwa, ndị omempụ obodo, ma ọ bụ obere ndị omempụ ma ọ bụ naanị otu onye.<ref name=":2" /> Ha na-arụ ọrụ na nzuzo ma mgbe ụfọdụ enweghị usoro nhazi nke ndị ọchịchị nwere ike ikpochapụ.<ref name=":2" /> Ihe ka ọtụtụ n'ime ndị na-azụ ahịa ma ọ bụ ndị na-azụta ahịa bụ ụmụ nwoke.<ref name="autogenerated20"/><ref name="autogenerated22" /> Enweghị ntaramahụhụ bụ nsogbu.<ref name="tripledIn3years">{{Cite web|url=https://www.rappler.com/nation/261571-online-sexual-exploitation-children-philippines-tripled-3-years|title=Online sexual exploitation of children in PH tripled in 3 years – study|date=May 21, 2020|work=Rappler}}</ref> Ọdịdị ezoro ezo nke teknụzụ ọgbara ọhụrụ na-eme ka o sie ike ịchọta ndị omekome.<ref name="autogenerated9" /> Anyaukwu na ma ọ bụ afọ ojuju mmekọahụ na-akpali ha.<ref name="autogenerated13"/><ref name="autogenerated21"/> Ndị na-azụ ahịa na-akpọsa ụmụaka na ịntanetị iji nweta ndị na-azụ ahịa.<ref name="autogenerated12"/> Enwere ike ịla n'iyi ego ndị na-azụ ahịa mmekọahụ n'ịntanetị nwetara.<ref name="autogenerated28"/> === Agụmakwụkwọ === Mịnịstrị na-ahụ maka agụmakwụkwọ Malaysia webatara mmata banyere ịzụ ahịa mmekọahụ n'ịntanetị na usoro ọmụmụ ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2019/10/02/teo-cyber-sex-and-human-trafficking-now-part-of-school-syllabus|title=Teo: Cybersex and human trafficking now part of school syllabus|date=October 2, 2019|work=The Star}}</ref> == Edensịbia == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 7vxm1im7d6d6gebanoykybuhn0cpi4s 0 13451 727408 720019 2026-09-23T14:24:21Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727408 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Angèle Makombo-Eboum''' bụ onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Congo (Democratic Republic of Congo). Ọ bụ onye isi otu Ligue des Démocrates Congolais [fr] ('League of Congolese Democrats')<ref>{{Cite news|author=((Administrator at Virunga Mountains Observer))|date=2018-06-10|title=Angèle Makombo, the President of the Congolese League of Democrats|url=http://www.virungamountains.org/angele-makombo-the-president-of-the-congolese-league-of-democrats/|accessdate=2021-02-03|work=Virunga Mountains Observer, DRC|language=en-US|archive-date=2020-01-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200109103420/http://www.virungamountains.org/angele-makombo-the-president-of-the-congolese-league-of-democrats/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=2020-10-25|first=Angèle|author=Makombo|title=L'adresse du président de la République à la Nation marque la rupture de la coalition FCC-CACH et un nouveau départ pour la RDC|url=https://laprosperiteonline.net/2020/10/26/politique/angele-makombo-ladresse-du-president-de-la-republique-a-la-nation-marque-la-rupture-de-la-coalition-fcc-cach-et-un-nouveau-depart-pour-la-rdc/|accessdate=2021-02-03|work=Journal la Prospérité|language=fr-FR|archive-date=2020-11-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201101020042/https://laprosperiteonline.net/2020/10/26/politique/angele-makombo-ladresse-du-president-de-la-republique-a-la-nation-marque-la-rupture-de-la-coalition-fcc-cach-et-un-nouveau-depart-pour-la-rdc/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=Kayembe|first=Don|title=Angele Makombo-Eboum Presidente Nationale de LIDEC face a la Presse sur LAVDC|work=Radio Tele LAVDCONGO|url=https://www.lavdc.net/portail/angle-makombo-eboum-presidente-nationale-de-lidec-face-a-la-presse-sur-lavdc/|accessdate=2021-02-03|language=en-US}}</ref> [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 166b3vju3n1k7pcisdwoit8edplz0y1 0 13484 727588 621507 2026-09-24T10:59:55Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727588 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}   [[Category:Pages using infobox person with unknown empty parameters|AliasDeborah Owusu-Bonsu]] [[Category:Pages using infobox person with unknown empty parameters|religionDeborah Owusu-Bonsu]] [[Category:Pages using infobox person with unknown empty parameters|ethnicityDeborah Owusu-Bonsu]] [[Category:Pages using infobox person with unknown empty parameters|salaryDeborah Owusu-Bonsu]] [[Category:Articles with hCards]] '''Deborah Owusu-Bonsu''' (a mụrụ n'ụbọchị nke 25 n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ n'afọ 1984) nke a maara nke ọma site na aha ya dị ka Sister Derby bụ onye na-eme ihe ngosi telivishọn nke Ghana, onye egwu na onye nlereanya nke Akan na onye na-eme ihe ngosi na e.tv [[Ghana]].[https://web.archive.org/web/20190807031535/https://www.bbc.co.uk/music/artists/dfb52702-9b3e-481b-9f97-dc99efe90d0d]<ref>{{Cite web|author=Mensah|first=Jeffrey|date=2019-10-11|title=Meet '''Sister Derby''' and Wanlov's beautiful 65-year-old 'obroni' mother|url=https://yen.com.gh/134921-meet-sister-derby-wanlovs-beautiful-romanian-mother-photos.html|accessdate=2020-09-25|work=Yen.com.gh - Ghana news.|language=en}}</ref> == Mmalite ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ == A mụrụ Deborah Vanessa Owusu-Bonsu na 25 Ọgọstụ 1984, nna Ashanti na nne ya bụ onye Romania. Nne na nna ya abụọ bụ ndị na-anakọta egwu ụwa na nka. Ọ bụ onye na-eme ihe ngosi televishọn, onye nlereanya, onye egwu, onye agụmakwụkwọ na onye na-ese ihe osise.<ref name="Deborah Vanessa Owusu-Bonsu Uncovered">{{Cite web|url=http://atghana.wordpress.com/2011/12/01/deborah-vanessa-owusu-bonsu-uncovered/|title=Deborah Vanessa Owusu-Bonsu Uncovered!|work=atghana|date=1 December 2011|accessdate=26 February 2014}}</ref> Owusu-Bonsu bụ nwanne nwanyị nke onye egwu hip a ma ama bụ Wanlov the Kubolor onye pụtara na ihe nkiri Coz Ov Moni .<ref name="Deborah Vanessa Owusu-Bonsu Uncovered" /> Owusu-Bonsu gara Kraist the King International School, mgbe ahụ Wesley Girls 'High School.<ref name="Deborah Vanessa Owusu-Bonsu Uncovered" /> Owusu-Bonsu gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Bachelor's Degree na Publishing Studies na Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology sochiri Master Degree na Book / Journal Publishing na University of the Arts London.<ref name="Deborah Vanessa Owusu-Bonsu Uncovered" /> == Ọrụ ọkachamara == Owusu-Bonsu egosila ọkachamara ya na mmasị ya maka ubi ọ họọrọ site n'ịrụ ọrụ nke ọma maka obere ụlọ ọrụ yana nnukwu ụlọ ọrụ na [[Ghana]], United States na United Kingdom.<ref name="Deborah Vanessa Owusu-Bonsu Uncovered" /> N'afọ 2012, Owusu-Bonsu dekọrọ ma wepụta otu egwu (egwu) nke akpọrọ 'Uncle Obama' na-ezo aka na [[Barack Obama]] nke ụlọ ọrụ telivishọn United States CNN kpuchiri.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.viasat1.com.gh/v1/vnews/entertainment.php?postId=221|title=Deborah Vanessa Drops Single 'Uncle Obama'|publisher=[[Viasat 1]]|date=15 July 2012|accessdate=26 February 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140302111437/http://www.viasat1.com.gh/v1/vnews/entertainment.php?postId=221|archivedate=2 March 2014}}</ref> Kemgbe afọ 2012, Owusu-Bonsu bụ onye na-ahụ maka mmemme ''The Late Nite Celebrity Show'' nke ụlọ ọrụ telivishọn e.tv Ghana na-agbasa.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.etvghana.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=1643:deborah-vanessa-wins-fashion-101-top-prize&catid=96:etvgh-blog-news&Itemid=484|title=Deborah Vanessa wins Fashion 101 top prize|work=etvghana.com|publisher=[[E.tv Ghana]]|date=2 April 2012|accessdate=26 February 2014|archivedate=8 August 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130808074427/http://etvghana.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=1643:deborah-vanessa-wins-fashion-101-top-prize&catid=96:etvgh-blog-news&Itemid=484}}</ref> O mechakwara ga GHOne Television ebe ọ kwadoro ihe ngosi ya, ''Gliterrati'' maka obere oge tupu ọ nyefee Berla Mundi.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage//Confirmed-Deborah-Vanessa-and-Medikal-are-dating-455388|title=Confirmed: Deborah Vanessa and Medikal are dating|work=www.ghanaweb.com|language=en|accessdate=2019-08-02}}</ref> Ya na onye egwu Medikal na-akpa ruo afọ atọ, tupu ha agbawa na 2018.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/entertainment/Deborah-Vanessa-confirms-break-up-with-Medikal-697420|title=Deborah Vanessa confirms break-up with Medikal|work=www.ghanaweb.com|language=en|accessdate=2019-03-23}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" |+ !Afọ !Aha !Onye na-ese ihe |- |2012 |Uncle Obama |Sister Deborah ft (<small>FOKN Bois</small>) |- |2015 |''Kikoliki'' |Sister Deborah ft (<small>Joey B</small>) |- |2017 |''Sampanana'' |Sister Deborah ft (<small>Medikal</small>) |- |2018 |Mmiri Dị Ọcha |Sister Deborah ft (<small>Efya</small>) |- |2018 |''Kakalika'' Love |Sister Deborah ft (Efo Chameleon) |- |2019 |''Libilibi'' |Sister Deborah ft (Yaa Pono) |} {{DEFAULTSORT:Owusu-Bonsu, Deborah}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] edzf1ktky7o5m2susy1lzcvyk0z1zyn 0 13803 727542 578048 2026-09-24T06:55:56Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727542 wikitext text/x-wiki  {{databox}} '''Chima Nwosu''' {{Audio|Ig-Chima Nwosu.ogg|Audio}} (a mụrụ n'ụbọchị nke 12 n'ọnwa Mee n'afọ 1986) bụ nwanyị na-agbachitere mba Naijiria [[Footbọl|bọọlụ]]. O so na otu egwuregwu bọọlụ ụmụnwanyị Naịjirịa na 2004 Summer Olympics . Na ọkwa klọb ọ gbara bọọlụ na Inneh Queens .<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.fifa.com/tournaments/archive/womensolympic/athens2004/teams/team=1882893/index.html|title=Olympic Women's Football Tournaments Athens 2004 – Squad List: Nigeria (NGR)|publisher=[[FIFA]]|accessdate=2 October 2015|archive-date=7 September 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907181945/http://www.fifa.com/tournaments/archive/womensolympic/athens2004/teams/team=1882893/index.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Leekwa == * Naịjirịa na 2004 Summer Olympics == Ebensidee == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == *   * http://www.socceramerica.com/article/5912/olympics-women39s-soccer-rosters.html * http://womenssoccerafrica.blogspot.com/2011/08/home-based-super-falcons-given-august.html * http://content.usatoday.com/sports/olympics/athens/results.aspx?rsc=FBW400E03&ru=N * http://www.gettyimages.com/detail/news-photo/laenderspiel-2004-offenbach-deutschland-nigeria-chima-nwosu-news-photo/52508225#fussball-frauen-laenderspiel-2004-offenbach-deutschland-nigeria-chima-picture-id52508225 {{DEFAULTSORT:Nwosu, Chima}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 6wunyutrfy238oztrg48khkfzg9sgw5 0 13839 727405 720005 2026-09-23T14:06:22Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727405 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''André Onana Onana''' (ka amụrụ n'ụbọchị nke abụọ n'ọnwa Eprel n'afọ 1996) bụ [[Footbọl|onye]] Cameroon na-agba bọọlụ nke na-agbara ndị otu mba Cameroon bọọlụ. == Ọrụ klọb == A mụrụ ya na Nkol Ngok, Onana sonyeere Barcelona na n’afo 2010, mgbe ọ malitere na [[Samuel Eto'o]] Foundation.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://ajaxdaily.com/2016/onana-would-rather-stay-with-ajax-than-compete-at-african-cup-of-nations/|title=Onana would "rather stay with Ajax" than compete at African Cup of Nations|date=13 October 2016|accessdate=27 January 2017|publisher=Ajax Daily|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170202042437/http://ajaxdaily.com/2016/onana-would-rather-stay-with-ajax-than-compete-at-african-cup-of-nations/|archivedate=2 February 2017}}</ref> Na mbido Jenụwarị 2015, a mara ọkwa na ọ ga-esonyere klọb Ajax nke Dutch na Julaị afo 2015.<ref name="Ajax">{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/30672547|title=Cameroon's Onana to join Ajax from Barcelona|date=4 January 2015|accessdate=27 December 2016|author=Oluwashina Okeleji|publisher=BBC Sport}}</ref> E wetara mbugharị ahụ mgbe ọnwa ahụ gasịrị.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.vi.nl/nieuws/talentvolle-onana-lost-keepersprobleem-ajax-op.htm|title=Talentvolle Onana lost keepersprobleem Ajax op|date=14 January 2015|accessdate=18 January 2015|language=Dutch|publisher=Voetbal International}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://int.soccerway.com/news/2015/January/14/onana-makes-immediate-ajax-switch/n530463/|title=Onana makes immediate Ajax switch|date=14 January 2015|accessdate=18 January 2015|publisher=Soccerway}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.fourfourtwo.com/news/onana-makes-immediate-ajax-switch|title=Barca's Onana makes immediate Ajax switch|date=14 January 2015|accessdate=9 February 2015|publisher=FourFourTwo}}</ref> O mere nke mbụ ya na Jong Ajax na Eerste Divisie na Febụwarị afo 2015. Ọ bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta ọhụrụ na Ajax na Mee 2017, na-agba ọsọ ruo 2021.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/39948602|title=Onana commits future to Ajax until 2021|date=17 May 2017|accessdate=19 May 2017|author=Oluwashina Okeleji|publisher=BBC Sport}}</ref> Na Machị 2019 ọ bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta ọhụrụ ọzọ, ruo Juun 2022.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/47746581|title=Andre Onana: Cameroon goalkeeper extends contract with Ajax|date=29 March 2019|accessdate=1 April 2019|author=Njie Enow|publisher=BBC Sport}}</ref> N'ọnwa Nọvemba afọ 2019, o kwuru na ya nwere mmasị igwu egwu na Premier League na England.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/50315518|title=Cameroon keeper Andre Onana open to Premier League move|date=6 November 2019}}</ref> Na Febụwarị 2021, UEFA machibidoro Onana igwu egwu ruo ọnwa iri na abụọ mgbe ọ nwalere Furosemide, ọgwụ a machibidoro iwu. Ajax kwuru na ọ ṅụrụ ọgwụ nwunye ya n'ụzọ na-ezighị ezi nakwa na ha ga-ekpe ikpe ahụ.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Ajax goalkeeper Andre Onana given 12-month doping ban|url=https://theathletic.com/news/andre-onana-ajax-doping-drugs-ban/kLF4Juxgst7j|accessdate=5 February 2021|work=The Athletic|date=5 February 2021|archive-date=5 February 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210205105005/https://theathletic.com/news/andre-onana-ajax-doping-drugs-ban/kLF4Juxgst7j|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ụlọ ikpe na-ahụ maka egwuregwu belatara mmachibido iwu ahụ ruo ọnwa itoolu na June.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Andre Onana: Cameroon and Ajax keeper has doping ban reduced|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/africa/57427001|accessdate=10 June 2021|work=BBC Sport|date=10 June 2021}}</ref> Na ọnwa Jenụwarị n'afọ 2022 e jikọtara ya na mbugharị na klọb Inter Milan nke Italy.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.eurosport.co.uk/football/transfer-window/2007/ajax-goalkeeper-andre-onana-undergoing-inter-milan-medical-ahead-of-summer-move-to-azzurri_sto8692230/story.shtml|title=Ajax goalkeeper Andre Onana undergoing Inter Milan medical ahead of summer move to Serie A - reports|date=4 January 2022|work=Eurosport UK}}</ref> Na Mee n'afọ 2022 ọ mara ọkwa na ọ na-ahapụ Ajax. == Ọrụ mba ụwa == Onana bụbu onye ntorobịa mba Cameroon.<ref name="Ajax" /> A kpọrọ ya aha na ndị otu Cameroon maka egwuregwu enyi na enyi megide France na Mee n'afọ 2016.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/36321424|title=Cameroon's Moukandjo to miss friendly against France|date=22 May 2016|accessdate=11 July 2016|publisher=BBC Sport}}</ref> Onana bidoro maka Cameroon na mmeri enyi na enyi 2–1 megide Gabon na Septemba n'afọ 2016. O gosipụtara na n'afọ 2021 Africa Cup of Nations egwuregwu nke atọ megide Burkina Faso. == Ndụ ya == Nwa nwanne nna ya, Fabrice Ondoa, na-agbakwa bọọlụ dị ka onye nche.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.sport.es/es/noticias/barca/onana-ondoa-dulce-momento-dos-primos-que-formaron-barca-5768039|title=Onana-Ondoa: El dulce momento de dos primos que se formaron en el Barça|language=Spanish|date=26 January 2017|accessdate=26 January 2017|publisher=[[Sport (Spanish newspaper)|Sport]]}}</ref> Na Mee n'afọ 2019, Onana kwuru okwu banyere ịbụ onye nche ojii, na-ekwu na ha aghaghị ịrụsi ọrụ ike karịa ndị ọcha ibe ha n'ihi echiche na-ezighị ezi banyere ha na-eme "mmehie".<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/48147087|title=Cameroon's Andre Onana: 'Black keepers have to work harder'|date=6 May 2019|publisher=BBC Sport}}</ref> == Ọnụọgụgụ ọrụ == === Klọb === {{updated|match played 9 April 2022}}<ref name="SW">{{soccerway|andre-onana/372465|access-date=15 January 2021}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+Ọdịdị na ihe mgbaru ọsọ site na klọb, oge na asọmpi ! rowspan="2" |Klọb ! rowspan="2" |Oge ! colspan="3" |Njikọ ! colspan="2" |KNVB Cup ! colspan="2" |Europe ! colspan="2" |Ndị ọzọ ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta |- !Nkewa !Ngwaọrụ !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ !Ngwaọrụ !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ !Ngwaọrụ !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ !Ngwaọrụ !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ !Ngwaọrụ !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ |- | rowspan="4" |Jong Ajax |2014–15 |Eerste Divisie |13 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |13 |0 |- |2015–16 |Eerste Divisie |24 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |24 |0 |- |2016–17 |Eerste Divisie |2 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |2 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta !39 !0 ! colspan="2" |- ! colspan="2" |- ! colspan="2" |- !39 !0 |- | rowspan="7" |Ajax |2016–17 |Eredivisie |32 |0 |0 |0 |14[lower-alpha 1] |0 | colspan="2" | - |46 |0 |- |2017–18 |Eredivisie |33 |0 |1 |0 |4[lower-alpha 2] |0 | colspan="2" | - |38 |0 |- |2018–19 |Eredivisie |33 |0 |4 |0 |18[lower-alpha 3] |0 | colspan="2" | - |55 |0 |- |2019–20 |Eredivisie |24 |0 |3 |0 |11[lower-alpha 4] |0 |1[lower-alpha 5] |0 |39 |0 |- |2020–21 |Eredivisie |20 |0 |0 |0 |6[lower-alpha 3] |0 | colspan="2" | - |26 |0 |- |2021–22 |Eredivisie |6 |0 |2 |0 |2[lower-alpha 3] |0 | colspan="2" | - |10 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta !148 !0 !10 !0 !55 !0 !1 !0 !214 !0 |- ! colspan="3" |Ngụkọta ọrụ !187 !0 !10 !0 !55 !0 !1 !0 !253 !0 |}   === Mba ụwa === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+Ngosipụta na ihe mgbaru ọsọ site na otu mba na afọ !Ndị otu mba !Afọ !Ngwaọrụ !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ |- | rowspan="7" |Kamerun |2016 |1 |0 |- |2017 |1 |0 |- |2018 |6 |0 |- |2019 |8 |0 |- |2020 |2 |0 |- |2021 |2 |0 |- |2022 |9 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta !29 !0 |} == Nsọpụrụ == * Eredivisie: 2018–19, 2020–21, 2021–22 * KNVB Cup: 2018–19, 2020–21 * Johan Cruyff Shield: 2019 * UEFA Europa League nke abụọ: 2016–17<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.uefa.com/uefaeuropaleague/season=2017/overview/index.html|title=2016/17: United win it for Manchester|publisher=UEFA|date=30 May 2017|access-date=3 June 2022|archive-date=2 July 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170702090446/http://www.uefa.com/uefaeuropaleague/season=2017/overview/index.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> Camaroon * 2021 Africa Cup of Nations nke atọ.<ref>{{Cite news|author=AfricaNews|title=Cameroon beats Burkina Faso to end AFCON 2021 in third place {{!}} Africanews|language=en|work=Africanews|url=https://www.africanews.com/2022/02/06/cameroon-beats-burkina-faso-to-end-afcon-2021-in-third-place/|accessdate=6 February 2022}}</ref> '''Onye ọ bụla''' * Indomitable Lion of the Year (Cameroonian footballer of the year): 2018<ref name="SESCO Awards 2018">{{Cite web|url=http://www.camerounsports.info/30027-sesco-awards-2018-andre-onana-elu-meilleur-lion-indomptable-et-meilleur-gardien-africain.html|title=SESCO Awards 2018 : André Onana élu meilleur Lion indomptable et meilleur gardien Africain|publisher=Cameroun Sports|date=17 May 2019|accessdate=3 June 2022|archivedate=5 February 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200205160651/http://www.camerounsports.info/30027-sesco-awards-2018-andre-onana-elu-meilleur-lion-indomptable-et-meilleur-gardien-africain.html}}</ref> * Best African Goalkeeper: 2018<ref name="SESCO Awards 2018" /> * Eredivisie Team of the Year: 2018–19<ref name="POTS">{{Cite web|date=16 May 2019|title=Frenkie de Jong Eredivisie Player of the Season 2018/2019|url=https://eredivisie.eu/news/frenkie-de-jong-eredivisie-player-of-the-season-2018-2019/|accessdate=31 August 2021|publisher=Eredivisie|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210831232555/https://eredivisie.eu/news/frenkie-de-jong-eredivisie-player-of-the-season-2018-2019/|archivedate=31 August 2021}}</ref> * CAF Team of the Year: 2019<ref>{{Cite news|title=Mane, Oshoala named African Footballers of 2019 at CAF Awards|url=https://www.cafonline.com/awards/news/mane-oshoala-named-african-footballers-of-2019-at-caf-awards|work=CAFOnline.com|publisher=CAF|date=7 January 2020|accessdate=7 January 2020}}</ref> * IFFHS CAF Men Team of The Year: 2020<ref>{{Cite web|date=13 December 2020|title=CAF MEN TEAM 2020 by IFFHS|url=https://www.iffhs.de/posts/832|accessdate=13 December 2020|work=iffhs.de}}</ref> == Edensibia == [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] j94ia5h8v5rnfi7ccpnxv8y2nvz7azd 0 13938 727422 137039 2026-09-23T15:17:25Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727422 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Antonio''' "'''Tony'''" '''Dixon''' bụ onye America na-ede egwu, onye na-agụ egwu na onye na-emepụta ihe ndekọ, nke a makwaara n'ihe banyere ọrụ ya na ndị na-emepụta ihe abụọ The Underdogs na Eric Dawkins n'okpuru mmepụta moniker The Pentagon . == Ọrụ == Dixon bidoro ọrụ ide egwu na mmepụta ya dị ka onye otu na mmepụta duo The Underdogs . Tinyere Harvey Mason Jr. na Damon Thomas na nchịkọta sara mbara, nke gụnyere Tank, Eric Dawkins na Steve Russell, o mepụtara ọtụtụ egwu, gụnyere Omarion's "O" (2004), "Naked" (2005), na Monica's "Sideline Ho" (2007), na-eje ozi dị ka onye na-egwu egwu na onye nhazi na egwu.<ref name="youknowigotsoul">{{Cite web|url=https://youknowigotsoul.com/antonio-dixon-talks-the-underdogs-creating-o-by-omarion-working-on-toni-braxtons-new-album|work=youknowigotsoul.com|title=Antonio Dixon Talks The Underdogs, Creating "O" by Omarion, Working on Toni Braxton's New Album|language=en|accessdate=August 2, 2020}}</ref> Na njédébé afọ 2000, Dixon na Dawkins guzobere ndị otu mmepụta The Pentagon .<ref name="youknowigotsoul"/> Ọpụpụ site na ụda R&B nke ọrụ ya gara aga, ha abụọ na ụfọdụ ndị na-ese ihe na ụda, ọkachasị na ụdị pop na ozioma, gụnyere Kristinia DeBarge na [[Justin Bieber]].<ref name="youknowigotsoul" /> N'ịgbaso mmekorita ha na abọm Babyface nke afọ 2005 Grown & Sexy tinyere The Underdogs, Babyface gwara Dixon ka ya na ya rụọ ọrụ na abọm ''4'' nke [[Beyoncé Knowles|Beyonce]] nke afọ 2011 nke ha mepụtara otu "Best Thing I Never Had".<ref name="youtube">{{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IRxNFcsvv1o|title=Grammy Award Winning Producer / Songwriter, Antonio Dixon - Pensado's Place #407|work=[[YouTube]]|language=en|accessdate=August 2, 2020}}</ref> N'afọ 2018, Dixon mepụtara na Toni Braxton nke itoolu album studio Sex & Cigarettes (2018). Egwu ya bụ "Long as I Live", nke Dixon mepụtara, ghọrọ asatọ ya na <nowiki><i id="mwNQ">Billboard</i></nowiki> Adult R&B Songs ma nweta nhọpụta abụọ maka Best R&B Performance na Best R&B Song na 61st Annual Grammy Awards.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.grammy.com/grammys/awards/61st-annual-grammy-awards|title=61st Annual GRAMMY Awards|date=2018-12-06|work=GRAMMY.com|language=en|accessdate=August 2, 2020|archive-date=2019-04-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190401114820/https://www.grammy.com/grammys/awards/61st-annual-grammy-awards|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Ebe e si enweta mmepụta ihe ahọpụtara == {| class="wikitable" ! align="center" |Afọ ! align="center" |Abụ ! align="center" |Onye na-ese ihe ! align="center" |Abọm |- | rowspan="1" |2008 |“Mee Maka Gị” |Chanté Moore |''Hụ Nwanyị n'Anya'' |- | rowspan="2" |2011 |"Ihe kachasị mma m na-enwetụbeghị" | rowspan="2" |[[Beyoncé Knowles|Beyonce]] | rowspan="2" |''4'' |- |"Nrọ" |- | rowspan="1" |2012 |"Ọ bụ mgbe ahụ ka m maara" |Alicia Keys |''Girl On Fire'' |- | rowspan="5" |2013 |"Baby I" | rowspan="5" |Ariana Grande | rowspan="5" |''Gị n'ezie'' |- |"Honeymoon Avenue" |- |"Lovin' It" |- |"Tattooed Heart" |- |“Ị gaghị ama” |- | rowspan="2" |2016 |“Ka M Mara” | rowspan="2" |Mgbe 7 gasịrị | rowspan="2" |''Enweghị oge'' |- |"Karịa Ndị Enyi" |- | rowspan="4" |2018 |"Ọ bụrụhaala m dị ndụ" | rowspan="2" |Toni Braxton | rowspan="2" |''Mmekọahụ na sịga'' |- |"Mmekọahụ na sịga" |- |"Abụ Krismas" | rowspan="2" |Jessie J | rowspan="2" |''Ụbọchị Krismas a'' |- |"Winter Wonderland" |- | rowspan="2" |2020 |"Dance" | rowspan="2" |Toni Braxton | rowspan="2" |''Sịpụta Aha M'' |- |“Mee Ya” |} == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 5couxp9zcjf3j6tqe4xwit80qhiv8w1 0 13941 727595 184611 2026-09-24T11:45:56Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727595 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} Digi + Phonics bụ otu ndị na-emepụta hip hop nke Africa America, nke ndị na-emepụta ihe ndekọ dị na [[California]] bụ Tae Beast, '''Sounwave''', '''Dave Free''' na '''Willie B'''. Ha na-eje ozi ugbu a dị ka ndị isi na-emepụta ihe n'ime ụlọ banyere akara ndekọ Carson, Top Dawg Entertainment . Digi + Phonics na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma na ọrụ sitere n'aka ndị niile so na hip hop supergroup Black Hippy, ndị bịanyere aka na Top Dawg ma mejupụtara ndị egwu Kendrick Lamar, Jay Rock, Schoolboy Q, na Ab-Soul. Ihe ndị ha kacha mara amara tinyekwara "Bitch Don't Kill My Vibe" nke Kendrick Lamar, "There He Go" nke Schoolboy Q, na "Terrorist Threats" nke Ab-Soul. Ha na-emekọ egwu ọnụ ma na-etinye aka na ọrụ ndị Top Dawg Entertainment wepụtara.<ref name="thefader1">{{Cite web|url=http://www.thefader.com/2012/12/04/beat-construction-sounwave/|title=Beat Construction: Sounwave « The FADER|publisher=Thefader.com|date=2012-12-04|accessdate=2013-09-01}}</ref> == Akụkọ ihe mere eme == Mmadụ anọ niile so n'otu ahụ, Tae Beast, Willie B, Sounwave na Dave Free, tolitere na gburugburu Los Angeles, [[California]]. Ha niile bidoro dị ka ndị na-emepụta naanị ha tupu ha na ndị otu Black Hippy Kendrick Lamar, Jay Rock, ScHoolboy Q na Ab-Soul rụọ ọrụ. Top Dawg Entertainment bidoro ịbịanye aka na ndị na-emepụta ihe anọ ahụ iji bụrụ ndị na-emepụta ihe n'ime ụlọ banyere akara ndekọ ahụ.<ref name="autogenerated1">{{Cite web|url=http://noisey.vice.com/let-the-beat-build/let-the-beat-build-digi-phonics-on-kendrick-lamar-and-dr-dre|title=Let The Beat Build - Digi-Phonics On Kendrick Lamar & Dr. Dre &#124; Let The Beat Build &#124; Noisey|publisher=Noisey.vice.com|accessdate=2013-09-01|archivedate=2016-06-22|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160622085212/http://noisey.vice.com/let-the-beat-build/let-the-beat-build-digi-phonics-on-kendrick-lamar-and-dr-dre}}</ref> N'oge na-adịghị anya ógè ha bịanyere aka, Sounwave na Dave Free nọ na studio, mgbe Dave Free kwuru, "Anyị kwesịrị ijikọ ndị na-emepụta anyị niile ọnụ ma mee otu Voltron nke mmepụta. " O chere na ha niile nwere nnukwu àgwà dị iche iche banyere mmepụta ha nke ga-adabara nke ọma.<ref name="thefader1"/> N'ọnwa Nọvemba afọ 2012, Complex kpọrọ otu ahụ otu n'ime "Top 25 New Producers to Watch Out For".<ref name="complex1">{{Cite web|url=http://www.complex.com/music/2012/10/25-new-producers-to-watch-out-for/digi-phonics|title=Digi + Phonics — 25 New Producers To Watch Out For|publisher=Complex|accessdate=2013-09-01|archivedate=2013-05-18|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130518190908/http://www.complex.com/music/2012/10/25-new-producers-to-watch-out-for/digi-phonics}}</ref> Na Julaị 2013, BET kpọrọ Digi + Phonics dị ka otu, dị ka otu n'ime ndị na-eto eto iri kachasị elu na-eto eto na-arị elu.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.bet.com/music/photos/2013/07/10-young-producers-on-the-rise.html#!073113-music-producer-sounwave-tde|title=10 Young Producers On the Rise &#124; Music|publisher=BET|accessdate=2013-09-01|archive-date=2020-10-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201028150412/https://www.bet.com/music/photos/2013/07/10-young-producers-on-the-rise.html#!073113-music-producer-sounwave-tde|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ndị otu a rụkwara ọrụ na ScHoolboy Q's major label debut album ''Oxymoron'' .<ref name="thefader1" /> == Ndị otu == === TaeBeast === '''TaeBeast''' bụ onye America na-emepụta ihe ndekọ si Los Angeles, California. Ndị dị ka J Dilla, RZA na [[Kanyé West|Kanye West]] na-emetụta ya. === Sounwave === '''Mark Anthony Spears''', nke a maara nke ọma site na aha ya bụ '''Sounwave''', bụ onye na-emepụta ihe ndekọ America si Compton, California.<ref name="xxlmag1">{{Cite web|url=http://www.xxlmag.com/rap-music/2013/05/istandard-producers-weigh-in-on-xxls-2013-freshman-producers-list/14/|title=iStandard Producers Weigh In On XXL's 2013 Freshman Producers List - Page 14 of 16 - XXL|publisher=Xxlmag.com|date=2013-05-01|accessdate=2013-09-01}}</ref> Sounwave kwuru na "Up Jumps da Boogie" nke Timbaland bụ egwu hip hop izizi ọ gere ntị. Site na ógè ọ dị afọ iri, ọ bidoro iji igwe egwu Korg mee ka egwu dị mfe. Site n'ebe ahụ, ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na igwe egwu anọ wee gaa na MTV Music Generator maka PlayStation. Ógè o jiri nke ahụ mee ihe ruo oge ụfọdụ, ya na onye na-eti egwu Bishop Lamont si Carson, California, na egwu ọ mepụtara n'ihi ya na MTV Music Generator natara ntinye redio mpaghara.<ref name="thefader1"/> N'afọ 2005, onye nchoputa Top Dawg Entertainment bụ Terrence "Punch" Henderson chọpụtara Sounwave na mbụ, onye mere ka ya na onye isi TDE, Anthony "Top Dawg" Tiffith zute. Anthony "Top Dawg" Tiffith enweghị mmasị na mbụ na Sounwave, Otú ọ dị, ọ nọgidesiri ike ma na-eme ka ọrụ ya dị mma nke mechara "na-afụpụ" Tiffith.<ref name="autogenerated1"/> == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * Digi+Phonics discography at Discogs * [https://twitter.com/@SounwaveTDE Sounwave] na Twitter * Tae Beast na Twitter gkv0lmpqog0q12eclsrnzg0astx78ol 0 14254 727409 89257 2026-09-23T14:29:18Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727409 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Aniekan Udofia''' (a mụrụ n'afọ 1976) bụ onye na-ese ihe osise nke a maara maka nnukwu eserese ya na ihe osise ya na mpaghara [[Washington, D.C.|Washington]], DC.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.afro.com/sections/arts_entertainment/story.htm/?storyid=80139|title=Archived copy|work=www.afro.com|accessdate=5 February 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160221081632/http://www.afro.com/sections/arts_entertainment/story.htm/?storyid=80139|archivedate=21 February 2016}}</ref><ref name="Washington Post">{{Cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/a-man-afraid-of-heights-is-painting-the-tallest-mural-in-dc/2015/11/08/498b9fec-83f2-11e5-8ba6-cec48b74b2a7_story.html/|title=A man afraid of heights is painting the tallest mural in D.C.|work=[[The Washington Post]]|date=November 8, 2015|accessdate=December 26, 2015|archive-date=December 12, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151212071143/https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/a-man-afraid-of-heights-is-painting-the-tallest-mural-in-dc/2015/11/08/498b9fec-83f2-11e5-8ba6-cec48b74b2a7_story.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ọrụ nka ya nke obodo ugwu ọdịda anyanwụ bịara bụrụ onye a ma ama mgbe ọ na-asọpụrụ onye [[Njikọ̀taọ̀hà|America]] a ma ama bụ Duke Ellington.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.wjla.com/video/2013/08/d-c-murals-transforms-graffiti-into-community-art.html|title='D.C. Murals' transforms graffiti into community art|accessdate=2013-11-05|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131105105412/http://www.wjla.com/video/2013/08/d-c-murals-transforms-graffiti-into-community-art.html|archivedate=2013-11-05}}</ref> Udofia nwetara nlebara anya mba ya na ihe osise mkpa ọchị ya na ihe osise foto maka mbipụta dịka XXL, Vibe, DC Pulse, na The Source .<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://learningenglish.voanews.com/content/aniekan-udofia-rock-hall-of-fame-2010-03-19-88438217/115450.html|title=Aniekan Udofia Makes Art with a Social Message}}</ref> Ọrụ Udofia ndị ọzọ a ma ama bụ nnukwu ihe osise nke Fredrick Douglass<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20121210210439/http://articles.washingtonpost.com/2012-12-05/lifestyle/35625834_1_spray-paint-public-art-sketch The Washington Post]</ref> na George Washington. A makwaara ya nke ọma site na eserese ndụ ya na otu ya na ihe omume dị iche iche na Washington, nke ụlọ ọrụ dị ka Red Bull, Heineken, Honda, Current TV, Timberland na Adidas na-akwado. N'ọnwa Disemba afọ 2011, Udofia na ọrụ ya gosipụtara ihe ngosi Visual Collaborative pop-up nke a na-akpọ Visual Grandeur .<ref name="african digital art">{{Cite web|url=http://www.africandigitalart.com/2011/12/event-visual-grandeur-a-visual-collaborative-exhibition/|title=Visual Grandeur|publisher=African Digital Art|date=December 18, 2011|accessdate=December 26, 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120303143443/http://www.africandigitalart.com/2011/12/event-visual-grandeur-a-visual-collaborative-exhibition/|archivedate=March 3, 2012}}</ref> Udofia ghọrọ aha ezinụlọ na ihe nkiri hip-hop site na ịmepụta uwe egwuregwu maka ụlọ ọrụ dị ka AND1 na Native Tongue . == The Village B-Boy == Udofia's <nowiki>''</nowiki>The Village B-Boy<nowiki>''</nowiki> bụ ihe ngosi akara ahịa. Ọ bụ nchịkọta ihe karịrị ihe oyiyi iri abụọ. Ihe oyiyi ndị ahụ na-egosipụta ike na obi ụtọ nke nnukwu mbupụ egwu na United States mgbe jazz gasịrị. Udofia gosipụtara njide nke ọdịbendị pop nke ọdịda anyanwụ site n'aka Africa na nchịkọta a, jiri nkà na-eji graphite, akara eserese, acrylic, fesa eserese na stencils. == Ebensidee == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] n2cqbf7lfrawwxz4ws7jsj4pj1w7obt 0 14277 727583 621689 2026-09-24T10:48:06Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727583 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Category:Articles with short description]] [[Category:Short description is different from Wikidata]] [[Category:Articles with hCards]] [[Category:Pages using infobox musical artist with associated acts]] '''Daniel Nwosu Jr'''. (amụrụ na Machị 22, 1994), nke a maara nke ọma site na aha ya bụ Dax (nke a na-akpọkarị '''DAX'''), bụ onye Naijiria Canada na-eti egwu, onye na-agụ egwu, na onye na-ede egwu.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Who Is Dax?|url=https://www.thehypemagazine.com/2018/08/who-is-dax/|work=The Hype Magazine|accessdate=25 August 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=II|first=C. Vernon Coleman|title=Dax's Pitch for 2020 XXL Freshman|url=https://www.xxlmag.com/dax-pitch-2020-xxl-freshman/|accessdate=2021-10-14|work=XXL Mag|language=en}}</ref> == Mmalite ndụ == A mụrụ Daniel Nwosu Jr. na Machị 22, 1994, na St. John's, Newfoundland na Labrador nye ndị mbịarambịa Naijiria nke agbụrụ [[Ndị Ìgbò|Igbo]]. O tolitere na Ottawa wee kwaga Wichita ịga mahadum, o mechara kwaga Los Angeles, [[California]]. Ọ gara Mahadum Newman, ebe ọ na-eche ndị otu egwuregwu basketball Newman Jets nche.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://newmanjets.com/roster.aspx?rp_id=2197|title=Daniel Nwosu Jr. - Men's Basketball|work=Newman University Athletics|language=en|accessdate=2019-02-14|archivedate=2016-06-20|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160620153351/http://newmanjets.com/roster.aspx?rp_id=2197}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=How Nigerian-Canadian rapper Dax went from shooting hoops to selling records|url=https://rollingout.com/2019/11/08/nigerian-canadian-rapper-dax-went-from-shooting-hoops-to-selling-records/|publisher=Rolling Out|accessdate=4 January 2022|date=8 November 2019}}</ref> O dere uri na mbụ ma bụrụ onye na-ekwu okwu na-akpali akpali tupu ọ malite ọrụ rap. N'oge ọ nọ na Mahadum Newman, ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye na-elekọta ụlọ, nke o kwuru na ọ bụ ọrụ masịrị ya n'ihi na ọ nwere ike ịrụ ọrụ n'ịrụ gbasara ọrụ rap ya n'oge ezumike ya na ọrụ.<ref name="kansas">{{Cite web|title=Janitor, musician, basketball star, Newman's Daniel Nwosu Jr. does it all|url=https://www.kansas.com/sports/college/state-college-sports/article133958499.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180824065801/https://www.kansas.com/sports/college/state-college-sports/article133958499.html|archivedate=2018-08-24|accessdate=2019-02-14|work=kansas|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.vladtv.com/article/251661/dax-i-was-a-night-janitor-for-25-years-its-the-best-job-for-new-rappers?page=2|title=EXCLUSIVE: Dax: I was a Night Janitor for 2.5 Years, it's The Best Job for New Rappers|work=VladTV|language=en|accessdate=2019-06-13|archivedate=2021-06-24|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624104317/https://www.vladtv.com/article/251661/dax-i-was-a-night-janitor-for-25-years-its-the-best-job-for-new-rappers?page=2}}</ref> == Ọrụ == Dax kpebiri ide uri ka ya na ndị otu basketball ya nọ na bọs n'afọ 2016. Mgbe ọ masịrị otu n'ime ndị otu ya na uri ahụ, Dax chọpụtara na o nwere nkà maka itinye okwu ọnụ. Ọ malitere iwepụta ma kwalite egwu site na akaụntụ SoundCloud ya na-ahapụ mixtape 2pac Reincarnation Vol 2: As Told By Dax na 2017, Ọ ghọrọ onye ama ama maka vidiyo egwu nke egwu ya "Cash Me Outside" nke gosipụtara Danielle Bregoli . A makwaara ya a mara maka freestyles ya na remixes nke egwu rap a ma ama. O wepụtara egwu mbụ ya n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ afọ 2018, nke akpọrọ "Ọ dị iche ugbu a" nke gosipụtara ndị ọbịa sitere n'aka ndị egwu ndị ọzọ gụnyere OT Genasis na Futuristic . N'afọ sochirinụ, e gosipụtara ya na egwu Hopsin "I kwesịrị ịmara".<ref>{{Cite web|author=Jahmal|first=Karlton|url=https://www.hotnewhiphop.com/hopsin-and-dax-step-into-the-world-of-bird-box-for-you-should-ve-known-visuals-new-video.44958.html|title=Hopsin & Dax Step Into The World of "Bird Box" For "You Should've Known" Visuals|publisher=HotNewHipHop|date=January 30, 2019|accessdate=July 16, 2019}}</ref> Na ọnwa Juun afọ 2019, ọ gara njem "It goes up" na Kansas city rap legend Tech N9ne wee mesịa kwupụta njem mbụ ya "It's Different Now Tour" site na Instagram ma mee atụmatụ ịga njem na October gafee Amerịka na Kánada.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Mims|first=Taylor|title=Rising Hip-Hop Artist Dax Sets First Headlining Tour|url=https://www.billboard.com/pro/dax-first-headlining-tour/|work=Billboard|accessdate=4 January 2022|date=28 August 2019}}</ref> N'afọ 2020, o wepụtara EP ọzọ a na-akpọ "M ga-ekwuru gị ya" nke natara nyocha dị mma n'ozuzu ya, egwu 7 EP ahụ nwekwara egwu esemokwu "Dear God" nke ọ na-ajụ ajụjụ maka Chineke ka ọ na-eche banyere ịdị adị nke onwe ya na ụwa n'ozuzu ya. Ndị nkatọ toro egwu ahụ maka isiokwu ya na lyricism, vidiyo egwu nke egwu ahụ nwere ihe karịrị nde mmadụ iri anọ na YouTube ma gbasaa ihe karịrị nde ugboro iri ise na Spotify.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Dax Takes the Shot With New EP "I’ll Say It For You"|url=https://www.complex.com/music/2020/03/dax-ill-say-it-for-you|publisher=Complex|accessdate=13 March 2020|language=en|archivedate=14 March 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200314163412/https://www.complex.com/music/2020/03/dax-ill-say-it-for-you}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=Callwood|first=Brett|title=Dax Talks Going Viral and Having Faith|url=https://www.laweekly.com/dax-talks-going-viral-and-having-faith/|publisher=LA Weekly|date=26 November 2019}}</ref> Mgbe e mesịrị n'afọ ahụ, ọ wepụtara egwu egwu dịka "Ọsịsọ" na "A choghi m ndo ọzo" nke gosipụtara Tech N9ne na Trippie Redd n'otu n'otu.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Dax & Tech N9ne Form Unholy Union On "Faster"|url=https://www.hotnewhiphop.com/dax-and-tech-n9ne-form-unholy-union-on-faster-new-song.1987590.html|publisher=HotNewHipHop|accessdate=17 June 2020|language=en|date=|archive-date=11 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210511162729/https://www.hotnewhiphop.com/dax-and-tech-n9ne-form-unholy-union-on-faster-new-song.1987590.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=HCamrone|title=Rapper Dax enlists Trippie Redd in new song “I Don’t Want Another Sorry”|url=https://www.nowentertainment.net/dax-enlists-trippie-redd-in-new-song-i-dont-want-another-sorry/|work=NOW Entertainment|date=3 January 2021|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=How Dax and Trippie Redd Linked Up for New Single "I Don’t Want Another Sorry"|url=https://www.complex.com/music/2020/12/dax-i-dont-want-another-sorry-interview|accessdate=2021-10-14|work=Complex|language=en|archivedate=2021-10-19|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211019132121/https://www.complex.com/music/2020/12/dax-i-dont-want-another-sorry-interview}}</ref> N'ọnwa Eprel afọ 2020, o wepụtara egwu "Coronavirus (State Of Emergency)," nke e dere banyere ọrịa COVID-19.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Kaufman|first=Gil|title=Dax Go In on COVID-19 in Hard-Hitting ‘Coronavirus’ Rap|url=https://www.billboard.com/music/rb-hip-hop/dax-covid-19-rap-coronavirus-9358981/|work=Billboard|accessdate=1 January 2022|date=15 April 2020}}</ref> N'ọnwa Julaị afọ 2021, Dax wepụtara ihe na-esote “Dear God” akporo “Child of God’ nke ọ zara site n’ekele Chineke maka ihe o meere ya.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-07-29|title=Dax Starts The Road To His Debut Album With The ’Child Of God’ Video|url=https://uproxx.com/music/dax-child-of-god-video/|accessdate=2021-10-14|work=UPROXX|language=en-US}}</ref> N'ọnwa Ọgọstụ afọ 2021, Dax kwupụtara abọm studio mbụ ya ma wepụta "Propaganda" nke gosipụtara Tom Macdonald dị ka onye ndu abọm.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Dax Releases Propaganda Featuring Tom MacDonald (Music Video)|url=https://www.thehypemagazine.com/2021/09/dax-releases-propaganda-featuring-tom-macdonald-music-video/|work=The Hype Magazine|accessdate=17 September 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=DAX Releases Propaganda Featuring Tom Macdonald The First Single From His Debut Album {{!}} Slikouronlife|url=https://slikouronlife.co.za/blog/20418/at-thatsdax-releases-propaganda-featuring-at-iamtommacdonald-the-first-single-from-his-debut-album|accessdate=20 September 2021|publisher=Slikouronlife}}</ref> Egwu a ruru na #9 na chaatị Rap Digital Song Sales nke Billboard Charts.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Rap Digital Song Sales|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/rap-digital-song-sales/2021-10-01/|work=Billboard|accessdate=1 October 2021|date=}}</ref> Ná mmalite Ọktọba 2021, ewepụtara egwu nke atọ nke abọm "40 Days, 40 Nights" nke gosipụtara [[Nasty C]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Nasty C stuns on new collab with rapper Dax|url=https://www.gq.co.za/culture/entertainment/nasty-c-stuns-on-new-collab-with-rapper-dax-49864d79-03b7-47d2-bff3-c57c667ef51f|publisher=GQ|accessdate=7 October 2021|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Rappers Nasty C & Dax set the net ablaze with '40 days, 40 nights' track|url=https://www.timeslive.co.za/tshisa-live/tshisa-live/2021-10-10-rappers-nasty-c--dax-set-the-net-ablaze-with-40-days-40-nights-track/|publisher=TimesLIVE|accessdate=10 October 2021|language=en-ZA}}</ref> N'abalị iri na ise n'ọnwa Ọktọba afọ 2021, ewepụtara abọm izizi ya bụ Pain Paints Paintings site na Living Legends Entertainment.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Dax Delivers Fresh Debut Album, "Pain Paints Paintings"|url=https://www.hotnewhiphop.com/dax-delivers-fresh-debut-album-pain-paints-paintings-new-mixtape.122070.html|publisher=HotNewHipHop|accessdate=16 October 2021|language=en|date=}}</ref> Ọ bụ LexNour Beats na exec mepụtara abọm ahụ. Brittney Boston onye bụkwa onye njikwa ya na onye ọrụ ibe ya. {{DEFAULTSORT:Nwosu, Daniel} [[Òtù:Ndi égwú nke Naigeria]] [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 25recm73c9xzg1ekq7ls8yveq1840it 0 14444 727581 707188 2026-09-24T10:35:30Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727581 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''David Oyetokunbo Oyelowo''' OBE {{Audio|Yo-David Oyelowo.ogg|Audio}} (/oʊˈjɛloʊwoʊ/ oh-YEL-oh-woh; a mụrụ na 1 Eprel 1976) bụ onye Britain na-eme ihe nkiri, onye nduzi na onye mmepụta.<ref>[https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/david-oyelowo-finally-reveals-how-you-pronounce-his-name-10013505.html "David Oyelowo finally reveals how you pronounce his name"] by Daisy Watt, ''[[The Independent]]'', 30 January 2015</ref><ref>{{Cite book|title=The International Who's Who 2004|year=2003|isbn=978-1857432176}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|author=Handy|first=David|date=November 7, 2014|title=How David Oyelowo Approached the Daunting role of Martin Luther King Jr. in ''Selma''|work=[[Vanity Fair (magazine)|Vanity Fair]]|url=http://www.vanityfair.com/hollywood/2014/11/david-oyelowo-martin-luther-king-jr-selma|accessdate=October 10, 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-06-19|title=Hollywood Star David Oyelowo speaks about his Nigerian background, Lagos experience|url=https://www.withinnigeria.com/entertainment/2021/06/19/hollywood-star-of-nigerian-descent-david-oyelowo-says-he-lived-in-lagos-for-7-years-understands-yoruba/|accessdate=2022-03-13|work=ENTERTAINMENT|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=3 February 2015|title=Oyelowo: British TV 'ignoring' black actors|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/newsbeat/article/31107292/oyelowo-british-tv-ignoring-black-actors|accessdate=October 10, 2016|publisher=BBC}}</ref> Ihe nrite ya gụnyere Critics 'Choice Award, Screen Actors Guild Award, na nhọpụta maka Golden Globe Awards abụọ, Primetime Emmy Awards abụọ, na BAFTA Award. N'afọ 2016, a họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ onye isi nke Order of the British Empire (OBE) maka ọrụ ya na ihe nkiri. Oyelowo ghọrọ onye a ma ama maka igosi [[Martin Luther King, Jr.|Martin Luther King Jr]]. na ihe nkiri akụkọ ndụ ''Selma'' (2014) na Peter Snowdin nakwa ihe nkiri HBO <nowiki><i id="mwJA">Nightingale</i></nowiki> (2014), ha abụọ nwetaara ya otuto dị egwu. O nwetakwara otuto maka ọrụ ya dịka Louis Gaines na The Butler (2013), Seretse Khama na A United Kingdom (2016) na Robert Katende nakwa ''Queen'' of Katwe (2016). Ọ rụkwara ọrụ nkwado na ihe nkiri Rise of the Planet of the Apes (2011), The Help (2011), ''Lincoln'' (2012), ''Red Tails'' (2012), na ''Jack Reacher'' (2012). Na telivishọn, Oyelowo emeela onye ọrụ MI5 Danny Hunter na usoro ihe nkiri Britain ''Spooks'' (2002–2004) na Javert na BBC miniseries Les Misérables (2018). O nyekwara olu maka Agent Alexsandr Kallus nakwa Lucasfilm Animation series Star Wars Rebels (2014–2018). == Mmalite ndụ == A mụrụ Oyelowo na 1 Eprel 1976 na Oxford, Oxfordshire, England, nne na nna ya bụ ndị Naijiria.<ref name="rebels">{{Cite news|url=http://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/entertainment/news/oyelowo-for-star-wars-rebels-29606307.html|title=Oyelowo for ''Star Wars: Rebels''?|work=[[Belfast Telegraph]]|date=24 September 2013}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=Schulman|first=Michael|date=2016-11-18|title=David Oyelowo and Daniel Craig Face Off in “Othello”|url=http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2016/11/28/david-oyelowo-and-daniel-craig-face-off-in-othello|accessdate=2022-02-15|work=[[The New Yorker]]|language=en-US}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite news|author=Machell|first=Ben|date=December 4, 2021|title=David Oyelowo: 'It got pretty dark. My wife and I were down to our last $3'|language=en|work=[[The Times]]|url=https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/david-oyelowo-it-got-pretty-dark-my-wife-and-i-were-down-to-our-last-3-9k7z6s9l2|accessdate=2022-02-15}}</ref> Nna ya, Stephen, si [[Ȯra Ọyọ|Oyo]] State, Western Nigeria, nne ya si [[Ȯra Edo|Edo]] State, Southern Nigeria.<ref name="independent1" /><ref name="independent1">{{Cite news|url=https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=hoL7m4nVajg|title=Charlize Theron and David Oyelowo Answer The Web's Most Searched Questions.|date=6 March 2018|work=Wired|accessdate=6 March 2018}}</ref> A zụlitere ya dịka onye Baptist.<ref name="ind1">{{Cite news|first=Gerard|author=Gilbert|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/profiles/upwardly-mobile-david-oyelowo-on-going-from-tooting-bec-to-tom-cruises-jet-8483779.html|title=Upwardly mobile: David Oyelowo on going from Tooting Bec to Tom Cruise's jet|work=The Independent|date=9 February 2013|accessdate=7 April 2013}}</ref> O tolitere na ala na Tooting Bec, South London, ruo mgbe ọ dị afọ isii, mgbe ezinụlọ ya kwagara [[Lagos]], Nigeria, ebe nna ya na-arụ ọrụ maka ụlọ ọrụ ụgbọelu mba nakwa nne ya na-arụ ọrụ maka ụlọ ọrụ ụgbọ okporo ígwè.<ref name=":0" /><ref name="big">{{Cite web|date=15 February 2013|title=From Spooks to Lincoln, Complicit star David Oyelowo is about to make it big in Hollywood|first=Sharon|author=Lougher|url=http://metro.co.uk/2013/02/15/from-spooks-to-lincoln-complicit-star-david-oyelowo-is-about-to-make-it-big-in-hollywood-3477715/|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006070407/http://metro.co.uk/2013/02/15/from-spooks-to-lincoln-complicit-star-david-oyelowo-is-about-to-make-it-big-in-hollywood-3477715/|archivedate=6 October 2014|accessdate=15 February 2013|work=[[Metro UK]]}}</ref><ref name="ind1" /> Oyelowo tolitere na-efe Sidney Poitier na Denzel Washington.<ref name=":0" /> Oyelowo gara ụlọ akwụkwọ obibi "ụdị ndị agha" nke akpọrọ Lagos State Model College, Meiran.<ref name="ind1" /> Ha laghachiri London mgbe Oyelowo dị afọ iri na anọ, biri na Islington.<ref>{{Cite news|first=Naomi|author=West|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/3667799/As-he-likes-it.html|title=As he likes it|work=The Daily Telegraph|date=8 September 2007}}</ref><ref name="ind1" /> Oyelowo bụ omoba (ma ọ bụ ọkpara eze) nke alaeze Awe, akụkụ nke usoro ndị isi Naịjirịa, nna nna ya bụ eze nke "akụkụ nke Oyo Steeti a na-akpọ Awe". O kwuru banyere nzụlite ya: "Ọ na-ada ụda karịa ka ọ dị n'ezie. E nwere ọtụtụ ezinụlọ eze na Afrịka," "ezinụlọ ndị eze bụ otu dime iri na abụọ na Naịjirịa"; "ihe anyị na-eche dịka ndị eze na UK dị nnọọ iche na ndị eze na Naịjirịa: ọ bụrụ na ị ga-atụba nkume n'ebe ahụ, ị ga-atụta ọkpara eze iri atọ.<ref name="ind1" /><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.npr.org/transcripts/409718943?t=1650591653071|title=David Oyelowo On Acting, His Royal Roots And The One Role He Won't Take|first=Terry|author=Gross|publisher=NPR|date=28 May 2015}}</ref> Ya mere, ọ dị ntakịrị ka ịbụ Prince nke Islington: ọ bara uru maka inweta ụbọchị ma eleghị anya ọ bụghị ọtụtụ ihe ọzọ. "<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/films/features/david-oyelowo-interview-the-selma-actor-on-being-an-african-prince-struggling-with-american-red-tape-10316538.html|title=David Oyelowo interview: The 'Selma' actor on being an African prince, struggling with American red tape, and talking to God|first=Adam|author=Jacques|date=2015-06-14|work=The Independent|accessdate=2018-04-05|language=en-GB}}</ref> Mgbe ọ debanyere aha na ọmụmụ ihe nkiri na City na Islington College, onye nkụzi ya tụrụ aro ka ọ bụrụ onye na-eme ihe nkiri. Oyelowo debara aha otu afọ na ọmụmụ ntọala ime ihe nkiri, na London Academy of Music and Dramatic Art (LAMDA).<ref name="ind1" /> Ọ gụsịrị ọzụzụ afọ atọ ya n'afọ 1998.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.lamda.org.uk/publications/notices.pdf|title=Notices|work=[[London Academy of Music and Dramatic Art]]|date=Spring 2011|accessdate=7 April 2013|archivedate=25 May 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120525022944/http://www.lamda.org.uk/publications/notices.pdf}}</ref> Ọ nọkwara nwa oge na National Youth Theatre. == Ọrụ == === Ihe nkiri === N'afọ 2012, Oyelowo pụtara na ''Middle of Nowhere'' . Onye edemede na onye nduzi Ava DuVernay bụ onye na-akwado ọrụ ya ma tụlee ịrịọ ya ka ọ rụọ ọrụ ahụ, mana tupu ya enwee ike, Oyelowo natara edemede ahụ n'ụzọ dabara adaba site n'aka enyi enyi DuVernay bụ onye nọ ọdụ n'akụkụ ya n'ụgbọelu ma na-atụle itinye ego na ọrụ ahụ.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Philbrick|first=Jami|title=IAR Exclusive Interview: David Oyelowo Talks ''Middle of Nowhere'', ''The Paperboy'', ''Lincoln'' and ''Jack Reacher''|url=http://www.iamrogue.com/news/interviews/item/7470-iar-exclusive-interview-david-oyelowo-talks-middle-of-nowhere-the-paperboy-lincoln-and-jack-reacher.html|date=11 October 2012|work=[[Iamrogue.com]]|accessdate=13 September 2014|archivedate=14 September 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140914022931/http://www.iamrogue.com/news/interviews/item/7470-iar-exclusive-interview-david-oyelowo-talks-middle-of-nowhere-the-paperboy-lincoln-and-jack-reacher.html}}</ref> Ihe nkiri a malitere na 2012 Sundance Film Festival na raves dị egwu. N'otu afọ ahụ, Oyelowo pụtara na Lee Daniels 'The Paperboy, nke sọrọ mpi maka Palme d'Or na 2012 Cannes Film Festival .<ref name="timeout">{{Cite web|url=http://www.timeout.com/london/feature/2547/cannes-film-festival-2012-line-up-announced|title=Cannes Film Festival 2012 line-up announced|first=Dave|author=Calhoun|accessdate=19 April 2012|archivedate=20 December 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121220123336/http://www.timeout.com/london/feature/2547/cannes-film-festival-2012-line-up-announced}}</ref> Oyelowo sonyeere Daniels n'afọ sochirinụ na The Butler .<ref>{{Cite book|title=Contemporary Black Biography, Volume 126|url=https://archive.org/details/contemporaryblac0126gale|publisher=Gale Cengage Learning|year=2015|isbn=978-1-57302-425-9|pages=[https://archive.org/details/contemporaryblac0126gale/page/124 124]–127}}</ref> N'afọ 2014, Oyelowo guzobere ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ''onwe'' ya, Yoruba Saxon Productions nke mepụtara ihe nkiri nke gosipụtara ya gụnyere, ''Nightingale'', Captive, Five Nights in Maine, na nso nso a, A United Kingdom .<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://variety.com/exec/david-oyelowo|title=David Oyelowo|work=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]|accessdate=January 18, 2016|date=2013-12-16}}</ref> Ya na DuVernay rụkọrọ ọrụ ọzọ maka Selma (2014), na-eme ka onye na-ahụ maka ikike obodo [[Martin Luther King, Jr.|Martin Luther King Jr]]. Ihe nkiri ahụ, dabere na ngagharị ikike ntuli aka ''Selma'' na Montgomery nke 1965, Lee Daniels debere na mbụ ka ọ bụrụ ''onye'' nduzi, mana Daniels kwụsịrị ọrụ ahụ ka o wee nwee ike ilekwasị anya na The Butler. A na-eme ya na Lupita Nyong'o na ihe nkiri nke [[Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie]] akwụkwọ akụkọ ''Americanah'' . Akụkọ a na-eso otu ndị na-eto eto si Naijiria na-abata na-eche ndụ ọgụ ihu mgbe mmekọrịta ha na-adịgide. N'ọnwa Febụwarị afọ 2019, a mara ọkwa na Oyelowo esonyela ''Peter Rabbit'' na James Corden, Rose Byrne nakwa Domhnall Gleeson na-ekwughachi ọrụ ha dịka aha aha, Bea na Thomas McGregor maka usoro ya nke a ga-ewepụta na Machị 2021.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Kroll|first=Justin|date=2019-02-22|title=David Oyelowo Joins the Cast of Sony's 'Peter Rabbit' Sequel (EXCLUSIVE)|url=https://variety.com/2019/film/news/david-oyelowo-peter-rabbit-sequel-1203146201/|accessdate=2020-09-21|work=Variety|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Sony Delays Release of 'Morbius,' 'Ghostbusters,' More Films Due to Coronavirus {{!}} Hollywood Reporter|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/heat-vision/sony-delays-release-morbius-ghostbusters-due-coronavirus-1285759|accessdate=2020-09-21|work=www.hollywoodreporter.com|date=30 March 2020}}</ref> N'afọ 2020, Oyelowo sonyeere George Clooney na ihe nkiri Netflix The Midnight Sky .<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.insider.com/david-oyelowo-making-the-midnight-sky-netflix-george-clooney-2020-12|title=David Oyelowo Talks About the Making of Netflix's 'The Midnight Sky'|publisher=[[Insider Inc.]]|date=December 24, 2020|accessdate=April 8, 2021}}</ref> N'oge na-adịbeghị anya, ụlọ ọrụ Yoruba Saxon ya bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta mbụ ya na Disney.<ref>{{Cite web|author=D'Alessandro|first=Anthony|date=2021-05-04|title=David Oyelowo's Yoruba Saxon Label Inks First-Look Production Deal With Walt Disney Pictures|url=https://deadline.com/2021/05/david-oyelowo-walt-disney-production-deal-yoruba-saxon-1234749791/|accessdate=2021-05-05|work=Deadline|language=en-US}}</ref> Ihe nkiri mbụ ga-esi na nkwekọrịta ahụ pụta ga-abụ The Return of the Rocketeer, nke Disney + na-abụghị nke ihe nkiri afọ 1991 ''The Rocketeer'', nke Oyelowo ga-emepụta ya na nwunye ya, Jessica, na Brigham Taylor.<ref name="TheReturnOfTheRocketeer">{{Cite web|author=D'Alessandro|first=Anthony|date=2021-08-30|title='The Rocketeer' Making A Comeback On Disney+ With David Oyelowo Producing & Circling To Star; Ed Ricourt Penning|url=https://deadline.com/2021/08/the-rocketeer-movie-disneydavid-oyelowo-1234824453/|accessdate=2021-08-30|work=Deadline|language=en-US}}</ref> A na-ewerekwa Oyelowo ka ọ bụrụ onye na-eme ihe nkiri ahụ, nke ga-adabere na "onye ọrụ ụgbọelu Tuskegee lara ezumike nká nke na-ewere uwe Rocketeer".<ref name="TheReturnOfTheRocketeer" /> == Ihe nrite na nsọpụrụ == Maka ihe ngosi ya nke Martin Luther King Jr. na ''Selma'', Oyelowo natara NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Actor in a Motion Picture . O nwetara nhọpụta Golden Globe Award mbụ ya maka Best Actor in a Motion Picture - Drama, ebe ọ na-enwetakwa nhọpụta maka Critics 'Choice Movie Award for Best Actor.<ref name="GGV2014">{{Cite news|url=https://variety.com/2014/film/news/golden-globe-nominations-announced-updated-1201376916/|title=Golden Globe: 'Birdman,' 'Boyhood' and 'Imitation Game' Top Nominations|work=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]|date=11 December 2014|accessdate=11 December 2014}}</ref> Nakwa n'afọ 2014, maka arụmọrụ ya na ''Nightingale'', o nwetara mmeri Critics 'Choice Television Award for Best Actor in a Movie/Miniseries ma a họpụtara ya maka Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actor in a Limited Series or Movie, Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Miniseries or Television Film, NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Actor in a Television Movie, Mini-Series or Dramatic Special and a Satellite Award for Best Actor – Miniseries or Television Film. A họpụtara Oyelowo ka ọ bụrụ onye isi nke Order of the British Empire (OBE) na 2016 New Year Honours maka ọrụ na ihe nkiri. == Ndụ onwe == Ọ lụrụ onye na-eme ihe nkiri Jessica Oyelowo, onye ọ zutere na LAMDA na onye ya na ya mụrụ ụmụ anọ.<ref name="independent1" /> Ha bi na Los Angeles, [[California]].<ref name=":0" /> Onye Kraịst na-anụ ọkụ n'obi, Oyelowo ekwuola na ya kwenyere na Chineke kpọrọ ya ka ọ kpọọ Rev.<ref name="big" /> Martin Luther King Jr. Na-atụgharị uche n'ihe ngosi ya nke Eze na ihe nkiri ''Selma'', Oyelowo kwusiri ike: "Amaara m mgbe niile na iji kpọọ Dr. King, aghaghị m ikwe ka Chineke na-agafe m n'ihi na mgbe ị hụrụ Dr. King na-ekwu okwu ndị ahụ, ị na-ahụ na ọ na-agagharị na ite ya mmanụ. "<ref name="Sojourners">{{Cite journal|url=http://sojo.net/blogs/2015/01/08/selmas-david-oyelowo-playing-mlk-and-what-it-means-be-christian|title=''Selma''{{'}}s David Oyelowo on Playing MLK and What It Means to Be a Christian|first=Jim|author=Wallis|date=8 January 2015|accessdate=19 April 2012|journal=[[Sojourners]]}}</ref> Nwa amaala abụọ, Oyelowo na nwunye ya ghọrọ ụmụ amaala US na 20 Julaị 2016.<ref name="Oregonlive">{{Cite web|url=https://www.oregonlive.com/celebrity-news/index.ssf/2016/09/david_oyelowo_was_inspired_to.html|title=David Oyelowo was inspired to become a citizen after filming Selma|date=29 September 2016|accessdate=18 November 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181118081851/https://www.oregonlive.com/celebrity-news/index.ssf/2016/09/david_oyelowo_was_inspired_to.html|archivedate=18 November 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/david-oyelowo-on-his-first-thanksgiving-as-an-american-citizen/|title=David Oyelowo on his first Thanksgiving as an American citizen|work=[[CBS News]]|first=Andrea|author=Park|date=24 November 2016}}</ref> N'ime nke a, o kwuru, sị: "M mere ihe nkiri a na-akpọ ''Selma'' ... na ihe nkiri ahụ na-elekwasị anya na ikike ịtụ vootu ma ebiela m ebe a ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ afọ iri ugbu a na ịgagharị ma na-eme ihe nkiri banyere ikike ịtụ vootu na ịgwa ndị mmadụ ka ha mee ntuli aka, ị pụghị ịtụ vootu n'onwe gị bụ obere ihu abụọ. Ekpebiri m na oge eruola ime ya ma ọ dịghị oge ka mma karịa ugbu a. "<ref name="Oregonlive" /> == Ihe nkiri == === Ihe nkiri === {| class="wikitable sortable" |+Ihe nkiri !Afọ !Aha !Ọrụ ! class="unsortable" |Ihe edeturu |- |2001 |''Nkịta na-eri nkịta'' |CJ | |- | rowspan="3" |2005 |''Ụda nke égbè eluigwe'' |Payne | |- |''Nwoke Kacha Mma'' |Graham | |- |''Derailed'' |Onye ọrụ ndị uwe ojii | |- | rowspan="2" |2006 |''Dị Ka Ị Chọrọ'' |Orlando De Boys | |- |''Eze Ikpeazụ nke Scotland'' |Dr. Junju | |- | rowspan="2" |2008 |''Ònye ka ị hụrụ n'anya?'' |Mmiri Nkịtị | |- |''A Raisin in the Sun'' |Joseph Asagai | |- |2009 |''Iwe'' |Homer | |- | rowspan="3" |2011 |''Nwelite nke Planet nke Apes'' |Steven Jacobs | |- |''Enyemaka'' |Onye nkwusa Green | |- |''Nkeji 96'' |Duane | |- | rowspan="5" |2012 |''Red Tails'' |1st Lt. Joe “Lightning Little” | |- |''The Paperboy'' |Yardley Acheman | |- |''Middle of Nowhere'' |Brian |Nominated – NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Motion Picture Nominated – Black Reel Award for Best Supporting Actor Nominated – Independent Spirit Award for Best Supporting Male<br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /> |- |''Lincoln'' |Ira Clark | |- |''Jack Reacher'' |Emerson | |- |2013 |''Onye Butler'' |Louis Gaines |NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Motion Picture Nominated – Black Reel Award for Best Supporting Actor Nominated – Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Cast in a Motion Picture<br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /> |- | rowspan="5" |2014 |''Nightingale'' |Peter Snowden |Critics' Choice Television Award for Best Actor in a Movie/Miniseries Black Reel Awards for Outstanding Actor, TV Movie or Limited Series Nominated – Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Miniseries or Television Film Nominated – Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actor in a Miniseries or Movie Nominated – NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Actor in a Television Movie, Mini-Series, or Dramatic Special Nominated – Satellite Award for Best Actor – Miniseries or Television Film<br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /> |- |''Interstellar'' |Onye isi ụlọ akwụkwọ | |- |''Default'' |Atlas | |- |''Selma'' |[[Martin Luther King, Jr.|Martin Luther King Jr.]] |Black Reel Award for Best Actor African-American Film Critics Association Award for Best Actor Kermode Award for Best Actor NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Actor in a Motion Picture Palm Springs International Film Festival Breakthrough Performance Award Nominated - Awards Circuit Community Award for Best Actor Nominated - Chicago Film Critics Association Award for Best Actor Nominated Critics' Choice Movie Award for Best Actor Nominated - Golden Globe Award for Best Actor - Motion Picture Drama Nominated - Independent Spirit Award for Best Male Lead Nominated - Satellite Award for Best Actor - Motion Picture Nominated - Village Voice Film Poll Award for Best Actor Nominated - Washington D.C. Area Film Critics Association Award for Best Actor<br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /> |- |''Afọ Kasị Ime Ihe Ike'' |Lawrence |Nominated - Black Reel Award for Best Supporting Actor |- | rowspan="2" |2015 |''Onye ejidere'' |Brian Nichols | |- |''N'abalị ise na Maine'' |Sherwin |<ref name="swide.com" /> |- | rowspan="3" |2016 |''Nina'' |Clifton Henderson |<ref name="swide.com">{{Cite web|first=Ben|author=Taylor|url=http://www.swide.com/celebrities/david-oyelowo-5-facts-including-wife-selma-and-new-movies-2015/2015/01/14|title=David Oyelowo: 5 facts including wife, Selma and new movies 2015|work=Swide|date=2015-01-14|accessdate=2015-08-14|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160108223729/http://www.swide.com/celebrities/david-oyelowo-5-facts-including-wife-selma-and-new-movies-2015/2015/01/14|archivedate=8 January 2016}}</ref> |- |''Queen nke Katwe'' |Robert Katende |Nominated—Evening Standard British Film Awards for Best ActorNominated—London Film Critics' Circle Award for Best ActorNominated—NAACP Image Awards for Outstanding Supporting Actor<br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /> |- |''Otu United Kingdom'' |Seretse Khama | |- | rowspan="3" |2018 |''Ihe Paradox nke Cloverfield'' |Kiel | |- |''A Wrinkle n'oge'' |The It |Cameo |- |''Gringo'' |Harold Soyinka | |- |2019 |''Ahapụla Ịga'' |Onye nchọpụta Jack Radcliff | |- | rowspan="4" |2020 |''Bịa pụọ''<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://deadline.com/2018/08/come-away-movie-angelina-jolie-david-oyelowo-anna-chancellor-clarke-peters-peter-pan-alice-in-wonderland-1202443892/|title='Come Away' Fantasy Pic Starring Angelina Jolie And David Oyelowo Adds Cast, Begins Shoot|first=Patrick|author=Hipes|date=10 August 2018|work=Deadline Hollywood}}</ref> |Jack Littleton | |- |''5150'' |Onye Mmepụta<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-05-27|title=David Oyelowo, Jovan Adepo & Denzel Whitaker Team Up For '5150' Project On Mental Health|url=https://www.blackfilm.com/read/2020/05/david-oyelowo-jovan-adepo-denzel-whitaker-team-up-for-5150-project-on-mental-health/|accessdate=2020-07-06|work=Blackfilm - Black Movies, Television, and Theatre News|language=en-US|archivedate=2020-07-06|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200706013935/https://www.blackfilm.com/read/2020/05/david-oyelowo-jovan-adepo-denzel-whitaker-team-up-for-5150-project-on-mental-health/}}</ref> | |- |''Nwoke Mmiri'' |Amos Boone |Mbido onye nduzi |- |''Igwe etiti abalị''<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://variety.com/2019/film/news/david-oyelowo-george-clooney-good-morning-midnight-1203308302/|title=David Oyelowo Joins George Clooney in 'Good Morning, Midnight' Adaptation (EXCLUSIVE)|first=Justin|author=Kroll|date=20 August 2019|work=Variety}}</ref> |Ọchịagha Tom Adewole | |- | rowspan="2" |2021 |''Ọgba aghara Na-eje Ije'' |Erọn | |- |''Peter Rabbit 2: The Runaway'' |Nigel Basil-Jones | |- |TBA |''Ịnọ naanị ya''<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://variety.com/2020/film/news/david-oyelowo-nate-parker-solitary-1234774783/|title=David Oyelowo Reteams With Nate Parker on Drama 'Solitary'|work=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]|first=Dave|author=McNary|date=September 18, 2020|accessdate=September 22, 2020}}</ref> |Chris Newborn |Mmepụta post-mmepụta |- |TBA |''Lee otú ha si agba ọsọ''<ref>{{Cite web|author=Kroll|first=Justin|date=2020-11-20|title=Saoirse Ronan, Sam Rockwell And David Oyelowo To Star In Untitled Murder Mystery For Searchlight|url=https://deadline.com/2020/11/saoirse-ronan-sam-rockwell-david-oyelowo-untitled-murder-mystery-searchlight-1234619341/|accessdate=2021-01-31|work=Deadline|language=en-US}}</ref> |Mervyn Cocker-Norris |Mmepụta post-mmepụta |- |} === Television === {| class="wikitable sortable" |+Television !Afọ !Aha !Ọrụ ! class="unsortable" |Ihe edeturu |- | rowspan="2" |1998 |''Maisie Raine'' |Sonny McDonald |Episode:Food of Love” |- |''Ụmụnne na Ụmụnne'' |Lester Peters | |- |2002–2004 |''Spooks'' |Danny Hunter | |- |2005 |''Ka oge na-aga'' |Patrick |Ihe omume abụọ |- | rowspan="2" |2006 |''Gbuo onye ozi ahụ'' |Joseph Pascale |Ihe nkiri TV |- |''Ihe omimi nke Gil Mayo'' |Eddie Barton, “Sexy’ M.P. |Episode:Episode #1.8” |- |2007 |''Ụbọchị Ise'' |Matt Wellings |Ihe omume anọ |- | rowspan="3" |2008 |''A Raisin in the Sun'' |Joseph Asagai |Ihe nkiri TV |- |''Mmasị ahụ'' |Josef nke Arimatia |TV miniseries (1 ihe omume) |- |''Ụlọ ọrụ nyocha nke ụmụ nwanyị nke 1'' |Kremlin Busang |Episode “: The No. 1 Ladies’ Detective Agency’ |- |2009 |''Obere Agwaetiti'' |Gilbert |Ihe nkiri TV |- |2010 |''Ọbara na Mmanụ'' |Keme Tobodo |Ihe nkiri TV |- |2011 |''Ezigbo Nwunye'' |Onye ọka ikpe Edward Weldon |Nkebi: Ụlọ ikpe abụọ. |- |2010–2011 |''Glenn Martin, DDS'' |Onye nkuzi / Clarence (olu) |Ihe omume abụọ |- |2013 |''Complicit'' |Edward Ekubo |Ihe nkiri TV |- |2014–2018 |''Ndị nnupụisi Star Wars'' |Alexsandr Kallus (olu) |Ihe omume 28<ref name="rebels" /><ref name="rebels 2">{{Cite web|url=https://www.mirror.co.uk/tv/tv-news/star-wars-rebels-actor-david-4337217|title=''Star Wars Rebels'' actor David Oyelowo had 'no idea' what he was auditioning for|first=Grace|author=Macaskil|date=27 September 2014|work=[[Daily Mirror]]|accessdate=30 September 2014|archivedate=2 February 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150202184114/http://www.mirror.co.uk/tv/tv-news/star-wars-rebels-actor-david-4337217}}</ref> |- |2014 |''Anụ ọkụkọ Robot'' |Gandalf / Ron Alston (olu) |Episode: "Walking Dead Lobster" |- |2017 |''The Lion Guard: The Rise of Scar'' |Scar (olu) |Ihe nkiri TV |- |2017–2019 |''Onye Nche Ọdụm'' |Scar (olu) |Ihe omume iri na asaa |- |2018 |''Ihe ngosi Joel McHale na Joel McHale'' |Ya onwe ya |Episode: "Pizza Ghost" |- |2018–2019 |''Ndị Ọjọọ'' |Javert |Ihe omume isii |- |2020 |Home Movie: The Princess Bride<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.vanityfair.com/hollywood/2020/06/the-princess-bride-homemade-fan-film|title=Watch the Celebrity-Filled Fan-Film Version of The Princess Bride|work=[[Vanity Fair (magazine)|Vanity Fair]]|first=Anthony|author=Breznican|date=June 26, 2020|accessdate=June 26, 2020}}</ref> |Humperdinck | |- |2021 |''Nwa agbọghọ ahụ tupu'' |Edward |Ọrụ bụ isi |- |TBA |''Uyi'' |Holston |Ọrụ bụ isi |} == Edemsibịa == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * {{IMDb name|654648}} * David Oyelowo at the TCM Movie Database * David Oyelowo at AllMovie * {{Cite web|url=http://www.streetbrand.com/interviews/5-questions-with-david-oyelowo.html|title=David Oyelowo Interview|work=Streetbrand Magazine|accessdate=9 September 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090114120449/http://www.streetbrand.com/20071216223/interviews/interview-david-oyelowo.html|archivedate=14 January 2009}} * {{Cite news|first=Kate|author=Kellaway|authorlink=Kate Kellaway|title=My kingdom for a part|url=http://observer.guardian.co.uk/review/story/0,,518233,00.html|work=[[The Observer]]|date=8 July 2001|accessdate=6 November 2007|archive-date=13 December 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141213182018/http://www.theguardian.com/theobserver/2001/jul/08/features.review17|url-status=dead}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Oyelowo, David}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] ap1bq7ghd99a43ke1nlrrep33lp5dfq 0 14589 727447 155588 2026-09-24T00:22:37Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727447 wikitext text/x-wiki  {{Databox}} [[Category:Articles with hCards]] '''Awol Erizku''' (amụrụ n'afọ 1988) bụ onye Ethiopia-American na-ese ihe n'oge a nke bi ma na-arụ ọrụ na [[New York City]] na Los Angeles. Mgbasa ozi ya bụ eserese, foto, ihe ọkpụkpụ na [[Film|Ihe nkiri]]. Erizku na-arụ ọrụ na ọtụtụ ihe dị iche iche achọtara. A kpọrọ Erizku "The Art World's New 'It' Boy" site na Vulture Magazine .<ref name="vulture">{{Cite web|author=What to Stream Now|url=http://www.vulture.com/2015/05/meet-awol-erizku-the-art-worlds-new-it-boy.html|title=Meet Awol Erizku, the Art World's New It Boy|publisher=Vulture|date=|accessdate=2016-01-10}}</ref> == Ọrụ == A mụrụ Erizku na [[Ethiopia]] ma zụlite ya na [[New York City|New York]] City's South Bronx neighborhood, Ọ malitere nwewe mmasị na foto na Cooper Union, ebe ọ nwetara nzere bachelọ nke nka na 2010.<ref name="vulture" /><ref name="vulture" /> O nwetara MFA site na mmemme Visual Arts nke Yale afọ anọ ka e mesịrị. == Black and Gold == E gosipụtara ihe ngosi mbụ nke Erizku, "Black and Gold," na New York Hasted-Kraeutler gallery na 2012. Ihe ngosi ahụ gosipụtara usoro foto foto na-egosi ndị oji n'ime ọnọdụ akụkọ ihe mere eme. Ihe a ma ama n'ime ọrụ ndị ahụ bụ "Girl with a Bamboo Earring", na-echeta Johannes Vermeer ama ama "Girl with a Pearl Earring" na ihe nlereanya ojii dị ka ihe ọ na-elekwasị anya.<ref>{{Cite web|author=|url=https://vimeo.com/42658569|title="Black & Gold" at Hasted Kraeutler Gallery on Vimeo|work=Vimeo.com|date=2012-05-22|accessdate=2016-01-10}}</ref> == The Only Way is Up == N'afọ 2014, Erizku laghachiri na Hasted-Kraeutler gallery space ebe o mere ihe ngosi "The Only Way is Up", ihe ngosi buru ibu nke gosipụtara ihe ọkpụkpụ dị iche iche, mgbasa ozi agwakọta na foto. Site na ọrụ ya, o gosipụtara nkà nke ọdịbendị, na-akpọ Hip hop nke gụnyere nsọpụrụ nye ndị na-ese ihe dịka Marcell Duchamp, David Hammons, Donald Judd. Ihe ngosi ahụ nwetara aha ya site na abọm Quincy Jones, n'aka nke ya aha ya bụ Otis Clay song, "The Only Way Is Up". "Ọ bụ ezie na ọrụ Erizku jupụtara na ihe ngosi na ihe ngosi nke ọdịbendị ndị Africa America, ọ na-ekwu okwu n'ụzọ sara mbara maka ọchịchọ zuru ụwa ọnụ maka ịchọpụta onwe onye. "<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.hastedkraeutler.com/exhibitions/2014-06-19_awol-erizku/5#press-release|title=Awol Erizku - Exhibitions - Hasted Kraeutler Art Gallery|work=Hastedkraeutler.com|date=|accessdate=2016-01-10|archivedate=2016-03-03|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303222914/http://www.hastedkraeutler.com/exhibitions/2014-06-19_awol-erizku/5#press-release}}</ref> Ihe ngosi a na-enye onye na-eti egwu Jay-Z, na-eweta aha ya, ''Oh'' what a feeling, fuck it, I want a trillion site na-abụ 2013 "Picasso Baby". Site n'ịkwado "Stacks" nke Donald Judd na 1960s minimalism, Erizku na-ejikọta rims basketball asaa na ụgbụ ọla edo 24-karat, ya na otu Brooklyn Nets mini-basketball na-ezu ike n'elu nkata kachasị elu. "Echere m na ọ ga-adọrọ mmasị iji dochie igbe ndị ahụ na basketball hoops, na-arutu aka na David Hammons, ma na-egosipụtakwa ndụ m na New York City," ka Erizku kwuru banyere ọrụ ya. "Ihe a na-arụ ọrụ dị ka ihe atụ na-adọrọ adọrọ, na-egosipụta nchegbu dị na ndụ dị ka onye na-eto eto na-ese ihe n'oge a site na ijikọ basketball na omume nke ịme nka - ha abụọ bụ egwuregwu, nke ọkara site na talent na ọkara site na chioma. Ọ bụrụ na ị jụọ m, ị nwere ihe ị ga-ata mgbe ị na-ele oghere ndị ahụ dị iche iche karịa igbe ígwè ndị ahụ. "<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://whitehotmagazine.com/articles/erizku-only-way-is-up/3016|title=WM &#124; Whitehot magazine of contemporary art &#124; Awol Erizku: The Only Way Is Up|work=Whitehotmagazine.com|date=2014-08-15|accessdate=2016-01-10}}</ref> Erizku wepụtara mixtape ya na DJ Kitty Ca$h na mmekorita ya na Vice iji soro ihe osise ngosi ahụ. "Ihe ka ọtụtụ n'ime mixtape ahụ bụ ọnyà, n'ihi na ọnyà na-ekpo ọkụ na hip-hop ugbu a," Erizku gwara Vice. “Music bụ ihe zuru ụwa ọnụ ma achọrọ m ịmepụta nkọwa egwu nke ọrụ m nke gwara ọgbọ m banyere nsogbu na echiche ọrụ m na-anọchite anya ya.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Sargent|first=Antwaun|url=https://www.vice.com/read/post-black-art-in-the-age-of-hip-hop-123|title=Post-Black Art in the Age of Hip-Hop &#124; VICE &#124; United States|publisher=VICE|date=2014-12-12|accessdate=2016-01-10|archive-date=2016-01-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160101112609/http://www.vice.com/read/post-black-art-in-the-age-of-hip-hop-123|url-status=dead}}</ref> Mixtape ahụ na-egosipụtakwa ụda sitere n'aka onye na-ese ihe bụ Kerry James Marshall na-atụle okwu banyere enweghị ike ịhụ anya ojii na nka. == Serendipity == Na 2015, na mmekorita ya na MoMA PopRally, Erizku gosipụtara ihe nkiri na foto na "Serendipity", ihe omume emere na Museum of Modern Art na Mee.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.moma.org/visit/calendar/events/24049|title=PopRally Presents Awol Erizku: Serendipity|work=MoMA.org|accessdate=2016-01-10}}</ref> == Slow Burn == N'afọ 2018, Erizku malitere ihe ngosi nke mbụ ya na [[Asia|Eshia]], Slow Burn, ebe ọ gụnyere nnukwu ọkụ [https://ocula.com/art-galleries/ben-brown-fine-arts/exhibitions/-slow-burn ọkụ] na-adanye na mgbidi. Ìhè neon ndị a sitere n'okporo ámá nke [[Hong Kong]] na-egosi ihe osise na-anọchite anya [[Culture|ọdịbendị]], ndị mmanye iwu, na njirimara dị ka nkwupụta mgbasa ozi kọwara ya. Dị ka Marianna Cerini na-ede na ihe ngosi ahụ, na Erizku nyekwara mixtape nke a na-etinye maka ndị na-ekiri ya iji soro nke gụnyere Kendrick Lamar na ọtụtụ ndị na-ese ihe.<ref>{{Cite web|author=|first=|date=|title=|url=//www.nightgallery.ca/attachment/en/58efe75202a9377c212b12c6/Press/5b5d1bb731d850203a0b7c99|archiveurl=|archivedate=|accessdate=|work=}}</ref> Erizku gosipụtara ọrụ ya n'ụzọ zuru ezu na ahụmịhe onwe ya yana nsogbu ọha na eze na-aga n'ihu nke a na-ebute n'ime ọkụ ọkụ nke ụwa nka. == Significance == Ọrụ Erizku na-ajụ ajụjụ banyere agbụrụ n'ime akụkọ ihe mere eme. Ọ na-echegbu onwe ya banyere oji na otú e si ele ndị oji na-ese ihe anya ma mee ka ha bụrụ ndị nsọ. "Akpọrọ m asị mgbe ndị mmadụ na-akpọ ọrụ m n'obodo ukwu," ka o kwuru n'afọ 2012. “Nanị n’ihi na ọ bụ ndị Africa America ma ọ bụ ndị na-acha ọcha ọ bụghị obodo mepere emepe.”<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.blouinartinfo.com/news/story/813628/rising-star-awol-erizku-immortalizes-nycs-new-black-creative-elite-with-art-historical-flair|title=Rising Star Awol Erizku Immortalizes NYC's New Black Creative Elite With Art-Historical Flair {{!}} BLOUIN ARTINFO|work=www.blouinartinfo.com|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923225058/http://www.blouinartinfo.com/news/story/813628/rising-star-awol-erizku-immortalizes-nycs-new-black-creative-elite-with-art-historical-flair|archivedate=2015-09-23}} </ref> "N'eziokwu, ahụghị m ọrụ m dị ka ihe gbasara ọdịbendị ojii; ọ bụ banyere ọdịbendị m, ana m edekọkwa omenala m," Erizku gwara Vulture. Ọ bụrụ na anyị edepụta ihe niile dị ka oji ma ọ bụ ọcha ma ọ bụ odo odo ma ọ bụ ihe ọ bụla, mgbe ahụ ọ na-aghọ ihe a, nke a bụ nke a, nke a bụ nke ebe ahụ. E nwere akụkụ n'ọrụ m na achọrọ m ka ọ bụrụ ihe zuru ụwa ọnụ. Ọ dịghị mgbe m na-abanye na studio m wee sị, 'Ọ dị mma, nke a bụ maka otu a, achọghịkwa m ka otu a nweta ya.' "<ref name="vulture" /> Ngwakọta ya nke nka pop, ịhụ ihe onwunwe n'anya na minimalism emeela ka ọ bụrụ otu n'ime ndị na-eto eto na-eto eto na New York. == Ebensidee == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] kd8akq58dnv9h76c1iqlg77jjoubx7s 0 14746 727513 185488 2026-09-24T04:59:14Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727513 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Cara Mund''' (/ˈkɑːrə/ KAR-ə; amụrụ na Disemba 8, n'afọ 1993) bụ onye America mara mma nke Bismarck, North Dakota. N'ọnwa Juun n'afọ 2017, e chiri ya Miss North Dakota 2017. Na Septemba 10, 2017, e chiri ya Miss America 2018 na Atlantic City wee bụrụ onye asọmupi mbụ si North Dakota iji merie asọmupi ahụ. '''Cara Mund''' (/ˈkɑːrə/ KAR-ə; amụrụ na Disemba 8, n'afọ 1993) bụ onye America mara mma nke Bismarck, North Dakota. N'ọnwa Juun n'afọ 2017, e chiri ya Miss North Dakota 2017. Na Septemba 10, 2017, e chiri ya Miss America 2018 na Atlantic City wee bụrụ onye asọmupi mbụ si North Dakota iji merie asọmupi ahụ. == Mmalite ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ == A mụrụ Mund na Bismarck, North Dakota nye DeLora Kautzmann-Mund na Doug Mund . Ọ bụ nwanne nke oteaka Victoria Woodhull, nwanyị mbụ zọrọ ọkwa onye isi ala nke United States.<ref name="MAO">{{Cite web|url=http://missamerica.org/miss-america-2018-contestants/miss-north-dakota-2017-cara-mund/|accessdate=September 10, 2017|publisher=[[Miss America Organization]]|title=Miss North Dakota|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170910121207/http://missamerica.org/miss-america-2018-contestants/miss-north-dakota-2017-cara-mund/|archivedate=September 10, 2017}}</ref> Mund bụ onye na-emeri ihe nrite na onye na-agba egwu.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.al.com/news/2017/09/miss_america_top_15_who_is_sti.html|title=Miss America 2018: Miss North Dakota wins the crown|author=Gore|first=Leada|date=2017-09-11|work=al.com|language=en-US|accessdate=2019-03-13}}</ref> N'ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị, ọ zụrụ oge okpomọkụ anọ na Radio City Rockettes<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.rockettes.com/blog/miss-america-2018-is-an-alumni-of-the-rockettes-summer-intensive/|title=Miss America 2018 is an Alumni[sic] of the Rockettes Summer Intensive|author=Garden|first=Madison Square|work=The Rockettes|date=14 September 2017|language=en-US|accessdate=2019-03-13|archivedate=2020-09-25|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200925234222/https://www.rockettes.com/blog/miss-america-2018-is-an-alumni-of-the-rockettes-summer-intensive/}}</ref> ma kpọọ ya otu n'ime "Successful Rockette Women" na 2019.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.rockettes.com/blog/womens-history-month-celebrating-successful-rockette-women/|title=Women's History Month: Celebrating Successful Rockette Women|author=Garden|first=Madison Square|work=The Rockettes|language=en-US|accessdate=2019-03-13}}</ref> Kemgbe ọ dị afọ iri na anọ, Mund haziri ihe ngosi ejiji ego kwa afọ nke na-abara Make-a-Wish Foundation uru.<ref name="grand forks">{{Cite web|title=Bismarck's Cara Mund crowned Miss North Dakota|work=Grand Forks Herald|url=http://www.grandforksherald.com/news/4282157-bismarcks-cara-mund-crowned-miss-north-dakota|date=June 12, 2017|accessdate=September 10, 2017}}</ref> N'ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị, Mund jere ozi dị ka onye isi oche nke National Honor Society nke ụlọ akwụkwọ ya, gụsịrị akwụkwọ dị ka otu n'ime ndị klas ya, a họpụtakwara ya "o yikarịrị ka ọ ga-abụ Miss America".<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.pressofatlanticcity.com/missamerica/miss-america-cara-mund-talks-dreams-coming-true-and-granting/article_04e6d070-3047-5527-a66f-66f89b0acbae.html|title=Miss America Cara Mund talks "dreams coming true" and granting wishes|author=Writer|first=LAUREN CARROLL Staff|work=[[Press of Atlantic City]]|accessdate=2018-11-06|language=en}}</ref> [[Usòrò:Cara_Mund.jpg|thumb|270x270px|Mund na Atlantic City mgbe e chiri ya Miss America 2018]] Ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Mahadum Brown na 2016 na nzere na azụmahịa, azụmaahịa, na òtù. Ihe omumu ya bu na Miss America Organization.<ref name="BAM">{{Cite web|author=Sloan|first=Louise|work=[[Brown Alumni Monthly]]|date=March–April 2018|url=https://www.brownalumnimagazine.com/articles/2018-04-01/miss-america-feminist|title=Miss America, Feminist|publisher=www.brownalumnimagazine.com}}</ref> Mund gara ozi dị ka onye isi oche nke sorority Kappa Delta.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://www.linkedin.com/in/cara-mund|title=Cara Mund|publisher=Linkedin.com|accessdate=September 14, 2017}}</ref> O kwuru na ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ nyeere ya aka "iche echiche banyere ụkwụ [ya]. "<ref name="BAM" /> Site n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ ruo n'ọnwa Disemba n'afọ 2016, ọ nọrọ n'ụlọ mkpọrọ maka Senator Republican John Hoeven na Washington D.C. N'afọ 2018, ọ bụ onye ọbịa ya na State of the Union. Mund egosipụtala mmasị ịnọchite anya North Dakota na steeti na Senate nke United States yana ịbụ nwanyị nke mbụ a họro dịka Gọvanọ nke North Dakota.<ref name="Bismarck Trib">{{Cite web|first=Amy|author=Dalrymple|url=http://bismarcktribune.com/news/state-and-regional/mund-proud-to-put-north-dakota-on-the-map-as/article_b09214f1-3a0c-54ec-b43d-98fc162cbdac.html|title=Mund proud to put North Dakota 'on the map' as state's first Miss America|date=September 12, 2017}}</ref> N'afọ 2019, Ụlọ Ndị Nnọchiteanya nke North Dakota mere mkpebi No. 3035 iji sọpụrụ Mund.<ref>{{Cite web|author=|first=|date=|title=HOUSE CONCURRENT RESOLUTION NO. 3035|url=https://www.legis.nd.gov/assembly/66-2019/documents/19-3121-01000.pdf|accessdate=|work=}}</ref> A kpọbatara ya na North Dakota Bluebook's "Notable North Dakotans" ma mata ya dị ka otu n'ime "Five Women Who Changed North Dakota's History".<ref name=":0"/> Na Machị 11, n'afọ 2021, North Dakota State Museum gosipụtara ihe ngosi nke gosipụtara Mund.<ref>{{Cite web|title=ND style fashion exhibition opens in ND Heritage Center & State Museum|url=https://www.minotdailynews.com/life/arts-entertainment/2021/03/nd-style-fashion-exhibition-opens-in-nd-heritage-center-state-museum/|accessdate=2022-01-11|work=minotdailynews.com|language=en-US}}</ref> Tupu e kpue ya okpueze Miss America, o kwupụtara atụmatụ ya ịga ụlọ akwụkwọ iwu.<ref name="grand forks"/> Mund bụ nwa akwụkwọ ugbu a [mgbe?] na Harvard Law School ebe ọ bụ onye nkuzi, onye isi nchịkọta akụkọ nke ọrụ maka Harvard Journal of Sports and Entertainment Law, onye otu Harvard Law School Mock Trial Association, na onye otu Women's Law Association.<ref>{{Cite web|title=JSEL Leadership|url=https://harvardjsel.com/leadership/|accessdate=2022-01-11|language=en-US|archivedate=2022-01-11|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220111023740/https://harvardjsel.com/leadership/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Previous Members – Harvard Law School Mock Trial Association|url=https://orgs.law.harvard.edu/mocktrial/members/previous-members/|accessdate=2022-01-11|language=en-US|archivedate=2022-01-11|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220111023735/https://orgs.law.harvard.edu/mocktrial/members/previous-members/}}</ref> Ọ malitere ịma mma mgbe ọ bụ nwata, weghaara utu aha nke Little Miss North Dakota, Miss Pre-Teen North Dakota, na Miss Junior Teen North Dakota.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.nydailynews.com/entertainment/north-dakota-cara-mund-wins-america-2018-article-1.3485751|title=Miss North Dakota, Cara Mund, wins Miss America 2018|date=September 10, 2017|author=Feldman|first=Kate}}</ref> Mund mechara sọọ mpi na Miss North Dakota's Outstanding Teen 2010 dị ka Miss Red River Valley's Outstanding Teen . Ọ gara n'ihu merie asọmupi ahụ, ma sọọ mpi na Miss America's Outstanding Teen 2011.<ref name="grand forks"/> ọ mechara bụrụ onye nke anọ na asọmupi Miss North Dakota Teen USA 2012.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.pageantupdate.info/miss-north-dakota-usa-teen-usa-pageant-results.html|title=Miss North Dakota USA & Teen USA state pageant results|author=|first=|date=|work=Pageant Update Results|accessdate=2022-06-11|archivedate=2022-10-05|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20221005093447/https://www.pageantupdate.info/miss-north-dakota-usa-teen-usa-pageant-results.html}}</ref> Mund sọrọ mpi na Miss North Dakota 2016 dị ka Miss Oil Country, ma bụrụ onye mbụ gbara ọsọ. Ọ laghachiri n'asọmupi ahụ n'afọ sochirinụ dị ka Miss Northern Lights 2017, ma bụrụ onye okpueze Miss North Dakota 2017, ebe ikpo okwu ya bụ "A Make-A-Wish Passion with Fashion".<ref name="MAO"/> Mund nọchitere anya North Dakota na asọmupi Miss America 2018 nke emere na Boardwalk Hall na Atlantic City, New Jersey, na Septemba 2017. Nkwupụta okwu ya bụ "A Make-A-Wish Passion with Fashion." N'asọmupi izizi, a kpọrọ Mund onye mbụ na-esote maka Quality of Life Award.<ref>{{Cite web|first=Ike|author=Morgan|url=http://www.al.com/entertainment/index.ssf/2017/09/miss_alabama_jessica_procter_w.html|work=AL.com|title=Miss Alabama Jessica Procter wins Miss America Quality of Life Award|date=September 8, 2017|accessdate=September 10, 2017}}</ref> Na Septemba 10, n'afọ 2017, Miss America 2017 Savvy Shields kpuchiri Mund Miss America 2018.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.cosmopolitan.com/entertainment/celebs/a12214508/miss-north-dakota-cara-mund-wins-miss-america-2018/|title=Miss North Dakota, Cara Mund, Wins Miss America 2018|date=September 10, 2017|work=[[Cosmopolitan (magazine)|Cosmopolitan]]|author=Rees|first=Alex}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://heavy.com/entertainment/2017/09/miss-america-2018-winner-who-won-tonight-results-last-north-dakota-cara-mund/|title=Who Won the Miss America 2018 Pageant Tonight?|date=September 10, 2017|work=[[heavy.com]]|author=Weigle|first=Lauren}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://hollywoodlife.com/2017/09/10/miss-north-dakota-wins-miss-america-2018-cara-mund/|title=Miss North Dakota, Cara Mund, Slays The Competition & Becomes Miss America 2018|work=[[Hollywood Life]]|author=Wilson|first=Samantha|date=September 10, 2017|accessdate=June 11, 2022|archivedate=September 13, 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190913222824/https://hollywoodlife.com/2017/09/10/miss-north-dakota-wins-miss-america-2018-cara-mund/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/national/the-latest-judges-select-final-15-in-miss-america-contest/2017/09/10/322840c2-9691-11e7-af6a-6555caaeb8dc_story.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170911050828/https://www.washingtonpost.com/national/the-latest-judges-select-final-15-in-miss-america-contest/2017/09/10/322840c2-9691-11e7-af6a-6555caaeb8dc_story.html|archivedate=September 11, 2017|title=The Latest: Miss North Dakota is crowned Miss America 2018|date=September 10, 2017}}</ref> Tinyere aha Miss America, ọ natara agụmakwụkwọ $ 50,000. Mund bụ onye asọmupi mbụ si North Dakota iji merie aha Miss America. Ọ bụkwa Miss America ikpeazụ ịsọ mpi na akụkụ uwe igwu mmiri nke asọmupi.<ref name="ND win">{{Cite web|first=Sara M.|author=Moniuszko|url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/life/entertainthis/2017/09/10/miss-america-2018-miss-north-dakota-cara-mund-takes-crown/641482001/|title=Miss America 2018: Miss North Dakota Cara Mund takes the crown|date=September 10, 2017}}</ref> N'oge ọchịchị ya, Mund jere ozi dị ka onye nnọchi anya ọma nke mba nke afọ 2018 maka ụlọ ọgwụ Miracle Network nke ụmụaka ma soro USO rụọ ọrụ nke ọma.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.jamestownsun.com/community/nonprofits/4391641-miss-america-promotes-make-wish-gala|title=Miss America promotes Make-A-Wish at Gala|accessdate=2018-11-06|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.browndailyherald.com/2018/02/08/brown-crown-cara-mund-16/|title=From Brown to the crown: Cara Mund '16|author=Demeyer|first=Tess|date=2018-02-08|work=Brown Daily Herald|accessdate=2018-11-06|language=en-US|archive-date=2018-11-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181106132345/http://www.browndailyherald.com/2018/02/08/brown-crown-cara-mund-16/|url-status=dead}}</ref> N'ịdị n'otu na #MeToo movement, o yi uwe ojii na 2018 State of the Union, na mbipụta March / April 2018 nke magazin Alumni nke ụlọ akwụkwọ Ivy League ya, ọ nọchitere anya nzukọ Miss America, na-ekwu na ọ bụ onye na-enye ụmụ nwanyị agụmakwụkwọ kachasị ukwuu nakwa na "ọ dị mkpa karịa mgbe ọ bụla". O gosikwara mmasị na mgbanwe ya site n'ime ihe dị mma gaa n'ụzọ ọ dị ugbu a, "òtù ahụ mere kpọmkwem ihe ọ chọrọ ime, nke ahụ bụ inye ụmụ nwanyị ike ma nye ha nkà iji nwee ike iguzo onwe ha. "<ref name="BAM"/> N'ọnwa Ọgọstụ n'afọ 2018, Mund katọrọ Miss America Organization n'akwụkwọ ozi dị peeji ise, na-ekwu "Ndị ndu anyị ugbu a anaghị anụ olu m ma ọ bụ chọọ ya, ha enweghịkwa mmasị ọ bụla ịmara onye m bụ na otú ahụmịhe m si metụta ọnọdụ nzukọ ahụ maka ọdịnihu. "<ref>{{Cite web|author=Argetsinger|first=Amy|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/arts-and-entertainment/wp/2018/08/17/no-miss-america-should-be-humiliated-before-giving-up-crown-cara-mund-blasts-pageant-leadership/|title='No Miss America should be humiliated': Before giving up crown, Cara Mund blasts pageant leadership|date=August 17, 2018}}</ref> Ọ gara n'ihu kwuo, "Okwu banyere inye ụmụ nwanyị ike, na nkwuwa okwu na nkwuwa okwu, dị ukwuu; Otú ọ dị, eziokwu dị nnọọ iche. Ana m ebi ndụ dị iche. Ịgbachi nkịtị bụ inye m ike m na ike nke ụmụ nwanyị ga-eso m. Enweghị m obi iru ala na onye ọ bụla n'ime anyị na-achịkwa, na-achịkwa, na-agbachi nkịtị, ma ọ bụ na-emegbu mmadụ. "<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://pressofatlanticcity.com/cara-mund-letter-to-past-pageant-winners/pdf_eb839172-3379-5c37-bbf4-91c2133b8ef0.html|title=Cara Mund letter to past pageant winners|work=Press of Atlantic City}}</ref> Na Jenụwarị 2020, ewefụrụ onye ndu ahụ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://pressofatlanticcity.com/missamerica/miss-america-president-and-ceo-regina-hopper-no-longer-with-organization/article_29083d64-6480-5559-a5ea-f40e6815034b.html|title=Miss America President and CEO Regina Hopper no longer with organization|first=MARK MELHORN Staff|author=Writer|work=[[Press of Atlantic City]]}}</ref> Na Disemba 8, n'afo 2019, Mund ghọrọ onye mbụ na naanị Miss America na-ekpe ikpe asọmupi Miss Universe.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=https://www.missuniverse.com/judge/1000784|title=Miss Universe Home|work=Miss Universe|accessdate=2022-06-11|archivedate=2019-12-05|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20191205044208/https://www.missuniverse.com/judge/1000784}}</ref> == Ndetu == [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] hx62j2hb04wcahk9ftfw0cpxpuqcx3v 0 14786 727502 696916 2026-09-24T03:56:23Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727502 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}   [[Category:Comics infobox image less alt text|Brian Stelfreeze]] [[Category:Comics creator pop|Brian Stelfreeze]] [[Category:Pages using infobox comics creator with unknown parameters|subcatBrian Stelfreeze]] '''Brian Stelfreeze''' bụ onye America na-ese ihe na-ati ọchị n'akwụkwọ. Stelfreeze bụ onye na-ese ihe, onye na-ede akwụkwọ, onye na-ese ihe na onye na-ahụ maka agba ma rụọ ọrụ maka ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ onye ọ bụla na-ebipụta akwụkwọ ọchị nke America. Ọ bụ otu n'ime ndị mbụ so na Gaijin Studios nke Atlanta. == Ọrụ == Stelfreeze malitere ọrụ ya dị ka onye na-ese usoro ihe nkiri sci-fi a kpọrọ ''CyCops'' n'etiti afọ 1980. Ọ bụ ezie na a maara Stelfreeze n'oge ọrụ ya niile dịka onye na-ese ihe mkpuchi, na-ese ihe karịrị ihe osise mkpuchi iri ise maka DC Comics 'Shadow of the Bat, ọ rụpụtala ọtụtụ ọrụ n'usoro, ọkachasị n'oge na-adịbeghị anya na obere usoro ''Domino'' maka Marvel Comics na ''Matador'' maka DC Comics' Wildstorm imprint. Ka ọ dị ugbu a, Stelfreeze na-arụ ọrụ dị ka onye nduzi nka maka 12 Gauge Comics ma na-enye ihe osise mgbe ụfọdụ maka usoro ha The Ride, na mbido ya, Gun Candy . A pụrụ ịhụ ọrụ ya kachasị ọhụrụ na Walt Simonson dere Demon / Catwoman feature na DC Comics ' ''Wednesday Comics'' . Stelfreeze bụ onye na-ese ihe na 2016 revival nke Marvel's ''Black Panther'' na onye edemede Ta-Nehisi Coates .<ref>{{Cite web|author=Helvie|first=Forrest|title=Black Panther Gets an All-Star Team in 2016|url=http://marvel.com/news/comics/25190/black_panther_gets_an_all-star_team_in_2016|work=marvel.com|accessdate=6 November 2015|archive-date=4 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151104091720/http://marvel.com/news/comics/25190/black_panther_gets_an_all-star_team_in_2016|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Ihe nrite == * Onyinye Inkpot nke afọ 2014 * 2017 Glyph Comics Award for "Best Artist" (maka ''Black Panther'')<ref name="2017winners">[https://web.archive.org/web/20221128191821/https://www.previewsworld.com/Article/194740-2017-Glyph-Award-Winners-Announced "2017 Glyph Award Winners Announced,"] ''Previews World'' (May 22, 2017).</ref> == Ebensidee == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * Brian Stelfreeze at the Comic Book DB (archived from the original) * [http://www.12gaugecomics.com/ 12 Gauge Comics Official Site] * [http://marvel.com/comics/creators/575/brian_stelfreeze Brian Stelfreeze's Marvel Portfolio] {{Inkpot Award 2010s}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Stelfreeze, Brian}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 4m9y0y8dytwqxz7v3d8t45z2m9qlvpz 0 15168 727477 88865 2026-09-24T02:45:41Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727477 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} {{Infobox person|name=Bill Flynn|image=|caption=Flynn as [[Tjokkie]] in ''[[Heel Against the Head]]'' in 1995|birthname=William Frederick Flynn|birth_date={{birth date|df=yes|1948|12|13}}|birth_place=[[Cape Town]], [[South Africa]]|death_date={{Death date and age|df=yes|2007|7|11|1948|12|13}}|death_place=[[Johannesburg]], South Africa|occupation=Actor, comedian|spouse=[[Anne Power]] (1st)<br>[[Jana Cilliers]] (2nd)|parents=Mary Flynn|children=}} [[Category:Articles with hCards]] '''William Flynn''' (13 Disemba 1948 11 Julaị 2007) bụ onye South Africa na-eme ihe nkiri na onye na-eme ọchị, ma eleghị anya a maara nke ọma maka igwu egwu Tjokkie. == Mmalite ndụ == A mụrụ Flynn '''William Frederick Flynn''' na Cape Town ma gụọ akwụkwọ na Plumstead High School. Ọ gara ụlọ akwụkwọ ihe nkiri UCT ma bụrụ onye guzobere ụlọ ihe nkiri Space na Cape Town. Ọ bụ nwa William Frederick na Mary Elizabeth (Née Morley) == Nchịkọta == A maara Flynn nke ọma maka ngosipụta ya nke Tjokkie, onye ọ gosipụtara dịka onye maara ihe, onye na-aṅụ biya rugby union. Flynn enwetala ''ihe nrite'' 13 kachasị mma, gụnyere Dublin Critics na Golden Entertainer Awards. Otu n'ime ha bụ:<ref name="Bill">{{Cite news|title=Mr William "Bill" FLYNN|publisher=24.com|url=http://www.whoswhosa.co.za/Pages/profilefull.aspx?IndID=5525|accessdate=2008-03-19}}</ref> * Onye na-akwado ihe nkiri kacha mma maka okpukpu ''abụọ'' - Fleur du Cap - Cape Town - 1987 * Onye na-eme ihe nkiri kacha mma maka Saturday Night na Palace * Ihe nrite onye na-eme ihe nkiri kacha mma maka Hello na Goodbye - Dublin * Ihe nrite onye na-eme ihe nkiri kacha mma maka Comedy Play It Again Sam * Ihe nrite ihe nkiri kacha mma maka Saturday Night na Palace * Ihe nrite onye na-eme ihe nkiri kacha mma maka ọrụ Willy Loman na Death of a Salesman Ihe nkiri ya mekwara ka o nweta ihe nrite Best Screenplay maka Saturday Night at the Palace . Ihe nkiri ya na-atọ ọchị nke karate Kill and Kill Again bụ ụlọ ọrụ kachasị elu na America. Ihe nkiri Bill nke Saturday Night at The Palace meriri ọtụtụ Vita Film Awards, ihe nrite Best Actor na Italian Taormina Film festival yana ihe nrite Merit na Los Angeles Film Festival. Ọ bụ enyi ogologo oge na onye na-arụkọ ọrụ na onye na'eme ihe nkiri na onye na na-ede egwuregwu Paul Slabolepszy. Flynn tinyekwara aka n'ụwa egwu. Ọ bụ onye nchoputa na onye otu egwu nke The Rock Rebels (1998-2007) na onye na-abụ abụ maka ''Vinnie na'' Viscounts (1987-1997). N'oge ọnwụ ya, Flynn lụrụ onye na-eme ihe nkiri [[Jana Cilliers]], nwunye ya nke abụọ. == Ọnwụ == Flynn nwụrụ na Johannesburg, South Africa n'abalị 11 ọnwa Julaị afọ 2007 site na nkụchi obi. Ọ dị afọ 58. Ọrụ ya na-aga nke ọma gụnyere ọrụ dị mkpa n'ihe karịrị 140 ihe nkiri, egwu, ihe nkiri 42, ọtụtụ ihe ngosi TV na ọtụtụ puku mgbasa ozi redio na TV. == Ihe nkiri == * 1973 Ụlọ nke Ndị Nwụrụ Anwụ Dị Ndụ * 1974 Enweghị ọlaedo maka onye na-egwu mmiri nwụrụ anwụ * 1979 Hello na Goodbye * 1981 Gbuo ma gbuo ọzọ * 1982 Ndị hụrụ obodo n'anya * 1983 Ndị mkpọrọ nke Eluigwe na Ala Dị Mgburu * 1983 Ndị Na-atọ ọchị nke Abụọ * 1985 Ime Anwansi Dị Ndụ, Enyi M * 1986 Senor Smith * 1987 N'abalị Satọdee n'obí eze * 1990 Kwagga Na-emeghachi * 1993 Nwụrụ Prince van Pretoria * 1994 Kalahari Harry * 1994 Guns of Honor * 1994 Marie na-aga agha * 1995 Akụ̀ dị oké ọnụ ahịa na Elephant Ridge * 1996 Mgbukpọ Oge Mmadụ * 1999 Okpu na Isi * 2000 Ụmụnne Carruthers * 2004 Oh Schuks... Abụ m Gatvol * 2004 Jozi Streets * 2006 Krakatoa - Ụbọchị Ikpeazụ * 2006 Ọgba aghara na-agba ọsọ == Egwú == === CD dị ka onye na-agụ egwu === * ''Toyi Kaka'' - 1995 * Enweghị m mmasị na Cricket, ahụrụ m ya n'anya - 1996 * B.O.K.K.E. - 1999 * ''Gees'' * ''Gooi Tenor m'' * ''Tenors Racket'' * ''Onye Agha Mmiri na-egbuke egbuke'' === CD dị ka otu === * Get Vrot - Vinnie & The Viscounts * Rock & Roll Party - Vinnie & The Viscounts * ''Nweta Nke a'' - Ndị Nnupụisi Rock * Gooi Mielies - Ndị Nnupụisi Rock == Edemsibịa == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * {{IMDb name|0283412}} * [http://www.int.iol.co.za/index.php?set_id=1&click_id=3015&art_id=vn20070715084823945C960815 IOL: Ọnwụ Flynn hapụrụ ọdịiche na ụlọ ọrụ] * [http://allafrica.com/stories/200707170497.html allAfrica.com: Bill Flynn Obituary] * [http://www.int.iol.co.za/index.php?set_id=1&click_id=3015&art_id=nw20070712120703919C687623 Independent Online: Flynn wetara ọchị - DA] * [http://www.int.iol.co.za/index.php?set_id=1&click_id=125&art_id=vn20070713001053440C509934Indepdent N'ịntanetị: Talent na kpamkpam niceness Flynn's trademark] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20071022113628/http://www.variety.com/article/VR1117968660.html?categoryId=25&cs=1 Variety Magazine: Bill Flynn, 58, onye na-eme ihe nkiri South Africa; Veteran thesp meriri 13 kacha mma onye na-emepụta ihe nkiri] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20081012004021/http://www.sabcnews.com/entertainment/the_arts/0,2172,152393,00.html SABC News: Ndị ọrụ nka wụrụ akpata oyi n'ahụ ọnwụ mberede Flynn] * [https://archive.today/20070616041730/http://www.thetimes.co.za/Columnists/ChrisBarron/Article.aspx?id=516001 The Times: Bill Flynn: Nwoke na-atọ ọchị nke ukwuu] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20070714144416/http://iafrica.com/news/sa/493427.htm Ọ na-awụ akpata oyi n'ahụ ka onye na-eme ihe nkiri Bill Flynn nwụrụ] == Ihe nkiri Baxter Stills == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20110719034326/http://www.baxter.co.za/images/livingtogether.jpg "Living Together" na Jana Cilliers (1979)] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20110719034350/http://www.baxter.co.za/images/saturday.jpg "Saturday Night at the Palace" na Fats Dibeco na Paul Slabolepszy (1983)] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20110719034420/http://www.baxter.co.za/images/pale.jpg "Pale Natives" nke Paul Slabolepszy (1994)] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20110719034441/http://www.baxter.co.za/images/salesman.jpg Dị ka Willy Loman na "Death of a Salesman" (2001)] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20110719034500/http://www.baxter.co.za/images/riot1.jpg "Running Riot" na Paul Slabolepszy (2002)] 2nr6naihnvaqqsrzgstdw1a0m2d4k8j 0 15559 727497 697658 2026-09-24T03:46:40Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727497 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=Brahim Haggiag|other_names=|image=Battle-of-Algiers-screenshot.jpg|image_size=|alt=|caption=Screenshot of "The Battle of Algiers". On the right Brahim Haggiag playing [[Ali La Pointe]]|birth_date=1934|birth_name=Brahim Haggiag|birth_place=[[Médéa]], [[Algeria]]|death_date=1997 (aged 62&ndash;63)|death_place=[[Algiers]], Algeria|resting_place=|resting_place_coordinates=<!-- {{coord|LAT|LONG|display=inline,title}} -->|nationality=[[Algeria]]n|alma_mater=|education=|height=|years_active=1966–1986|party=|spouse=|children=|awards=|father=|mother=|relatives=|signature=|website=|footnotes=|occupation=Actor}} [[Category:Articles with hCards]] '''Brahim Haggiag''' (1934-1997), bụ [[Actor|onye]] Algeria na-eme ihe nkiri.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2923550|title=Brahim Haggiag}}</ref> Ọ bụ onye a ma ama maka ọrụ ya na ihe nkiri The Battle of Algiers, Patrouille à l'Est na L'opium et le baton.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www2.bfi.org.uk/films-tv-people/4ce2ba28c9cf2|title=Brahim Haggiag|publisher=British Film Institute|accessdate=27 October 2020|archivedate=31 October 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20201031065759/https://www2.bfi.org.uk/films-tv-people/4ce2ba28c9cf2}}</ref> == Ọrụ == N'afọ 1966, o mere ihe nkiri izizi ya na 'Ali La Pointe' na ihe nkiri The Battle of Algiers nke Gillo Pontecorvo duziri.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.tvguide.com/celebrities/brahim-haggiag/142586/|title=Brahim Haggiag films|publisher=tvguide|accessdate=27 October 2020|archive-date=1 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201101192340/https://www.tvguide.com/celebrities/brahim-haggiag/142586/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ihe nkiri ahụ ghọrọ nke na-ewu ewu n'afọ ahụ ma họrọ Haggiag maka ''ihe'' nkiri L'opium et le baton, Les hors-la-loi na Chronicle of the Years of Fire . == Ihe nkiri == {| class="wikitable" !Afọ !Ihe nkiri !Ọrụ !Ụdị ![Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] |- |1966 |''Agha nke Algiers'' |Ali La Pointe |Ihe nkiri |<ref>{{Cite journal|title=Slow Looking: The Ethics and Politics of Aesthetics: Jill Bennett, Empathic Vision: Affect, Trauma, and Contemporary Art (Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 2005); Mark Reinhardt, Holly Edwards, and Erina Duganne, ''Beautiful Suffering: Photography and the Traffic in Pain'' (Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 2007); Gillo Pontecorvo, director, ''The Battle of Algiers'' (Criterion: Special Three-Disc Edition, 2004)|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_millennium-journal-of-international-studies_2008-08_37_1/page/181|first=Michael J.|author=Shapiro|date=1 August 2008|journal=[[Millennium: Journal of International Studies]]|volume=37|pages=181–197|doi=10.1177/0305829808093770}}</ref> |- |1967 |''Onye Ọtụghị Anya'' |Ndị Arab |Ihe nkiri | |- |1969 |''Opium na ụtarị'' |Omar |Ihe nkiri | |- |1969 |''Ndị omekome'' |Onye na-anya ụgbọ ịnyịnya |Ihe nkiri | |- |1971 |''Ndị Nche n'Ebe Ọwụwa Anyanwụ'' | |Ihe nkiri | |- |1975 |''Ihe ndekọ nke Afọ Ọkụ'' | |Ihe nkiri | |- |1985 |''Buamama'' | |Ihe nkiri | |} == Edemsibịa == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * {{IMDb name|nm0352835}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20201031193134/http://www.filmstarts.de/personen/15174.html BRAHIM HAGGIAG A kọwaghị ya] 8k82pntjd2nlbc2mape2roegw39qn2d 0 15929 727589 99459 2026-09-24T11:11:37Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727589 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Denis Bowen''' (5 Eprel 1921 - 23 Maachị 2006) bụ onye na-ese ihe na South Africa, onye nduzi ụlọ ngosi na onye na-akwalite nka uche na avant-garde na Britain.<ref name="Russell">{{Cite news|author=Russell|first=Marlowe|title=Denis Bowen: Painter, teacher and promoter of the avant-garde in Britain|url=https://www.theguardian.com/news/2006/mar/31/guardianobituaries.artsobituaries|accessdate=11 June 2013|work=The Guardian|date=31 March 2006|page=36}}</ref><ref name="Davies">{{Cite news|author=Davies|first=Peter|title=Denis Bowen: Space Age abstract painter|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/denis-bowen-471766.html|accessdate=11 June 2013|work=The Independent|date=28 March 2006|archive-date=25 September 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150925104414/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/denis-bowen-471766.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="Walmsley">{{Cite book|author=Walmsley|first=Anne|authorlink=Anne Walmsley|title=Caribbean Artists Movement 1966–1762: A Literary and Cultural History|year=1992|publisher=[[New Beacon Books]]|location=London|isbn=1-873201-06-0}}</ref> Ọ bụ onye guzobere New Vision Group na New Vision Centre Gallery, nke keere òkèdị mkpa na ihe nkiri nka Britain mgbe Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ gasịrị.<ref name="Russell" /><ref name="Walmsley" /> == Ndụ == A mụrụ Denis Bowen na 5 Eprel 1921 na Kimberley, South Africa. Nna ya bụ onye Welsh ebe nne ya bụ onye Bekee. Mgbe ọ ghọsịrị nwa na-enweghi nne na nna mgbe ọ dị obere, Bowen kwagara England ebe nwanne nne ya zụlitere ya na Huddersfield.<ref name="Russell" /><ref name="Davies" /> Ọ debara aha ya na Huddersfield School of Art na 1936. Mgbe ọ rụchara ọrụ n'otu ndị agha mmiri na Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ, Bowen maliteghachiri ọmụmụ nka ya na Royal College of Art na London na 1946.<ref name="Davies" /> N'etiti afọ 1940 na 1986 Bowen kụziri nka n'ọtụtụ ụlọ ọrụ nke gụnyere: Kingston Institute of Art, Hammersmith School of Art, Birmingham School of Art.<ref name="Russell" /> N'afọ 1951, Bowen guzobere New Vision Group, nke malitere site na nzukọ na ngosipụta nke ya na ụmụ akwụkwọ ya haziri n'afọ 1951. N'afọ 1955, Bowen so Frank Avray Wilson na Halima Nalecz rụọ ọrụ iji mepee oghere ngosi na-adịgide adịgide maka New Vision Group na ndị na-ese ihe. Bowen, Wilson na Nalecz niile bụ ndị otu New Vision Group nakwa Free Painters Group (mgbe e mesịrị Free Painteres and Sculptors) nke e guzobere afọ ole na ole tupu mgbe ahụ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://fpshistory.blogspot.co.uk|title=The History of Free Painters and Sculptors by Roy Rasmussen|work=fpshistory.blogspot.co.uk|accessdate=24 August 2017}}</ref> A kpọrọ oghere ngosi ọhụrụ ha New Vision Centre Gallery (NVCG), ọ dịkwa na Seymour Place na mpaghara Marble Arch nke London. Ọ bụ ezie na a na-elegharakarị mkpa NVCG anya mgbe ọ na-arụsi ọrụ ike, ọrụ ya dị mkpa n'ịkpụzi nka Britain n'oge agha gachara, yana ịkwalite ndị na-ese ihe na nka uche karịsịa, amatala ya n'afọ ndị sochirinụ. Ndị na-ese ihe gosipụtara na NVCG gụnyere Aubrey Williams, Judy Cassab, Ron Russell, na Rotraut. Bowen jere ozi dị ka onye nduzi nke gallery site n'oge mmeghe ya ruo n'oge mmechi ya na 1966.<ref name="Russell" /><ref name="Davies" /><ref name="Walmsley" /> Na-arụ ọrụ n'akụkụ onye Britain na-ese ihe Kenneth Coutts-Smith, Bowen malitere Commonwealth Biennale of Abstract Art na NVGC n'afọ 1963.<ref name="Pierse">{{Cite book|author=Pierse|first=Simon|title=Australian Art and Artists in London, 1950-1965: An Antipodean Summer|year=2012|publisher=Ashgate|location=Farnham|isbn=9781409420545|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EHLPqa5o96AC&q=denis+bowen&pg=PA176}}</ref> == Ihe osise == N'afọ ndị mbụ nke ọrụ nka ya, site na mmalite afọ 1950 ruo n'etiti afọ 1960, Bowen so n'otu obere ìgwè ndị na-ese ihe na UK bụ ndị jikọtara ya na Tachisme na Art Informel.<ref name="Russell" /><ref name="Seago">{{Cite book|author=Seago|first=Alex|title=Burning the Box of Beautiful Things: The Development of a Postmodern Sensibility|year=1995|publisher=Oxford University Press|location=Oxford|isbn=9780198174059|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=aWmOefA671sC&q=bowen+tachisme&pg=PA110}}</ref> N'agbata afọ 1969 na afọ 1980 o mepụtara usoro "ọrụ psychedelic" nke gụnyere mmetụta ọkụ (gụnyere iji ọkụ UV), egwu na ihe ngosi egwu. Site na 1980s gaa n'ihu, ọrụ Bowen mepụtara isiokwu cosmological na planetary.<ref name="Russell" /> == Ebensidee == {{Reflist|30em}} == Njikọ mpụga == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20150925221328/http://denisbowen.co.uk/ Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ Denis Bowen] * 6 artworks by or after Denis Bowen at the Art UK site * [http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artists/denis-bowen-4381 Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ Tate: 3 Ihe osise nke Bowen] hmsxwuwy9asjx8n63zyxbyhy5si6ozd 0 15976 727467 87881 2026-09-24T02:17:42Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727467 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Beresford Egan''' (1905-1984) bụ onye na-ese ihe, onye na-ede akwụkwọ akụkọ, onye na'eme ihe nkiri, onye na-emepụta ejiji na onye na-eme egwuregwu.<ref name="mcfarlane">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=U3C5DwAAQBAJ&q=beresford+egan+The+Encyclopedia+of+British+Film%3A+Fourth+edition&pg=PA2007-IA100|title=The Encyclopedia of British Film: Fourth edition|first=Brian|author=McFarlane|date=May 16, 2016|publisher=Manchester University Press|isbn=9781526111968}}</ref> A mụrụ ya na [[London]] mana o tolitere na South Africa mgbe ezinụlọ ya kwagara mgbe ọ dị afọ ise. Ọ laghachiri London na Julaị 1926 mgbe ọ nọsịrị afọ abụọ dị ka onye na-ese katụụn gwuregwu na ''Rand Daily Mail'' na Johannesburg. O guzobere onwe ya ngwa ngwa n'ime ọnọdụ nka na akwụkwọ nke London. Ọ bụghị naanị na o gosipụtara ọrụ nke ndi odee ndị ọzọ, kamakwa akwụkwọ akụkọ nke ya. O dere egwuregwu atọ, dee egwu ma mee nkatọ ihe nkiri na caricatures. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ na ihe nkiri Britain nke gụnyere "Latin Quarter" ma pụta n'ụbọchị ọnwụ nke ụlọ egwu Britain dị ka The Great Daleno . Aubrey Beardsley nwere mmetụta dị ukwuu n'ihe osise ya na ọtụtụ n'ime ihe osise ya dị n'ụdị agụụ mmekọahụ. A na-echeta Egan dị ka otu n'ime ndị Britain ole na ole na-egosipụta Art Deco. Ọ bụ otu n'ime ndị a ma ama na London's bohemian scene ruo ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ iri afọ ise. Ọ bụ odeee na onye na-ese ihe osise n'akwụkwọ, malite na The Sink of Solitude, satire banyere mmachibido iwu nke akwụkwọ akụkọ Radclyffe Hall na-ese okwu The Well Of Loneliness (1928). Akwụkwọ ahụ gosipụtara mmalite nke oge na-emepụta ihe dị ka afọ isii nke Egan mepụtara ọtụtụ ihe osise na mkpuchi akwụkwọ maka ọrụ Aleister Crowley, Pierre Louÿs na Charles Baudelaire. Egan dekwara akwụkwọ akụkọ ole na ole, nke o ji ihe osise ya dị egwu chọọ mma. O mekwara ihe osise maka akwụkwọ edemede nke nwunye ya Catherine Bower Alcock mepụtara.<ref name="Beresford Egan">{{Cite web|title=Beresford Egan by Adrian Woodhouse|url=http://www.tartaruspress.com/egan.htm|publisher=Tartarus Press|accessdate=15 March 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131226003100/http://www.tartaruspress.com/egan.htm|archivedate=26 December 2013}}</ref> Mgbe ọ rụchara ọrụ agha n'oge Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ, ọ rụrụ ọrụ mgbe ụfọdụ na fim, nke gụnyere anọ maka onye nduzi Vernon Sewell.<ref name="mcfarlane"/><ref name="bfi">{{Cite web|url=https://www.bfi.org.uk/films-tv-people/4ce2b9f0102d1|title=Beresford Egan|work=BFI|access-date=2022-06-19|archive-date=2020-01-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200111190710/https://www.bfi.org.uk/films-tv-people/4ce2b9f0102d1|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ọ nwụrụ na London n'afọ 1984.<ref name="bfi"/> == Akwụkwọ ọgụgụ == ; Akwụkwọ/mpempe akwụkwọ edere (n'ozuzu ma ọ bụ n'akụkụ) na ihe osise na jaket site na Egan * Mgba nke owu ọmụma. Hermes Press, 1928. * ''Onye uwe ojii nke Onyenwe anyị''. [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] * Mkpụrụ osisi. Denis Archer, 1933 (E wepụtara ya na ihe ndị ọzọ site na Side Real Press, 2013) * ''Enweghị ezi uche n'ụdị''. Denis Archer, 1933 * ''Ma ndị mmehie'' nwere mmeri. [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] * ''Epitaph''. [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] * ''Akụkọ'' na-esote [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] * ''Bun-Ho''!. Floris Bakeries, 1959. * ''Akụkọ'' ihe mere eme. [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] ; Akwụkwọ Ndị Beresford Egan sere - UK Editions * Fleurs Du Mal nke Baudelaire, nke C. Bower Alcock sụgharịrị. Sophistocles Press na T. Werner Laurie, 1929. * ''Aphrodite'' nke Pierre Louys. [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] * Masques Cyprian nke Pierre Louys. * ''De Sade'' nke Brian de Shane [ C. Bower Alcock]. Fortune Press, 1929[30]. * The Adventures of King Pausole nke Pierre Louys dere. * ''Ego na'' Nsonaazụ site na Nigel Balchin. Hamish Hamilton, 1936 * Pobottle Stories [ nke Nigel Balchin dere]. High Duty Alloys, 1935-1937. ; Akwụkwọ ndị Beresford Egan na-ese onyinyo US editions * ''Okooko osisi nke Ihe Ọjọọ''. William Godwin, 1933 (onye ohi ụgbọ mmiri nke 1929 Fleurs Du Mal). * ''Okooko osisi nke Ihe Ọjọọ''. Sylvan Press, 1947 (mbipụta e nyere ikike nke 1929 Fleurs Du Mal). * ''Aphrodite'' William Godwin, 1933 (onye ohi nke mbipụta Fortune Press nke 1929). * ''Ihe'' mkpuchi ihu igwe nke Saịprọs William Godwin, 1933 (onye ohi nke mbipụta Fortune Press nke 1929). * ''Ihe'' omume nke Eze Pausole. William Godwin, 1933 (onye ohi nke mbipụta Fortune Press nke 1929). ; Uwe ájá nke Beresford Egan mepụtara / chọọ mma * ''Nwa ọnwa'' nke Aleister Crowley. [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] * (nke e bipụtara ọzọ n'akwụkwọ mpịakọta na-enweghị naanị ihu ihu, Samuel Weiser, 1992 na 2002). * ''Alụmdi na nwunye Soviet'' nke Paul Trent (Edward Platt). [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] * ''Anụ ma ọ bụ Nwoke'' nke S.M'guire. Cecil Palmer, c.1930 * ''Ụlọ Ọnwụ'' nke Leon Groc. Dennis Archer, 1931 (?Ọ dị iche iche * ''Ihe Ọgbara Ọhụrụ a'' nke G. Abrahams. Denis Archer, 1933 * ''Ogbugbu'' na Square site na J. Smith. Denis Archer, ihe dị ka 1933 * ''Okpokoro'' Sultan nke W. Smith. Onye na-agba ụta, c1933 ; Akwụkwọ / akwụkwọ nta banyere Beresford Egan * Beresford Egan: Nkwupụta maka Ọrụ Ya site na Paul Allen. [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] * ''Beresford Egan'' nke Adrian Woodhouse. Portsmouth City Museum na Art Gallery, 1979. * [https://web.archive.org/web/20131226003100/http://www.tartaruspress.com/egan.htm Beresford Egan], nke Adrian Woodhouse. [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] ; Nnyocha ihe nkiri na Caricatures nke Beresford Egan * Magazin Courier - July 1956 ruo January 1959 == Ebensidee == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == {{IMDb name|0250652}} rp9o041ow72ql4rzfyiarktjyelibnx 0 16003 727507 433428 2026-09-24T04:24:10Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727507 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Burton Clarke''' bụ ónyé na-ese ihe nkiri ọzọ nké Africa na America. A maara ya màkà ònyínyé ya na ịrị elu nke ndị na-eme ihe ọchị LGBT na ilekwasị ányá na ịnọchite ányá ụmụ nwoke na-eme nwoke nke agbụrụ na klas niile na nka ya, na-eji ngwakọta nkè eziókwu na échichè efu iji dozie nsogbụ dị mgbagwoju ányà dị ka ịkpa ókè agbụrụ na homophobia. == <ref name=":1">{{Cite news|title="Burton Clarke, A Gay Artist Who "Draws For My People"."|author=Smith|first=Charles Michael|date=10 August 1987|work=The New York Native}}</ref>Ndụ onwe onye == A mụrụ Clarke na Plainfield, NJ. Ọ natara nzèrè bachelọ ya na ihe nkiri na Mahadum Syracuse, nzèrè masta ya na ímé ihe nkiri na Florida State University. Mgbè afọ anọ gachara na Asolo State Theatre nke Sarasota, Clarke kwagara New York. N'ihi ihe isi ike nke ịchọta ọrụ siri ike dị ka ónyé na-eme ihe nkiri ojii, o mechara kpebie ịlaghachi azụ na nkà ya dị ka onye edemede, na-achụso mmasị onwé ónyé n'ịgbasawanye nnọchite anya nwoke na nwoke na mgbasa ozi. == Ọrụ == E bipụtara ihe ọchị Clarke "Cy Ross na SQ Syndrome" na mbụ na New York Native (1980), wee bipụtaghachi ya na Gay Comix #2 (1981), na Meatmen Vol.1 (1986).<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|title=Gay Comix|publisher=Kitchen Sink Comix|editor=Cruz|location=Princeton, WI|pages=2, 3–7}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite book|title=Meatmen: An Anthology of Gay Male Comics|publisher=G.S. Press/Leyland Publications|year=1986|editor=Leyland|location=San Francisco, CA|pages=12, 131–135}}</ref> O nyèrè áká na ihe osise mkpuchi Gay Comix #3, na ihe ọzọ na-atọ ọchị, "The Satyr", na Gay Gomix #10.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Gay Comix|publisher=Kitchen Sink Comix|editor=Cruz|location=Princeton, WI|date=December 1982|pages=1}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|title=Gay Comix|publisher=Bob Ross|year=1987|editor=Triptow|location=San Francisco, CA|pages=3–7}}</ref> A makwaara ya maka mbipụta na Playguy, First Hand, na ''Christopher Street'' magazine.<ref name=":0" /> Clarke ekwuola na ụdị nke ya na-emetụta nke Leonard Star. === Nnakwere === A maara Clarke màkà eziókwu na nkọwa nke ụdị nka ya, ojiji ya siri ike nke onyinyo / ìhè na ihe ọchị ojii na-acha ọcha, na màkà ịnagide nsogbụ ndị dị nro dị ka njikọ agbụrụ na mmekọahụ, yana ịkpa ókè agbụrụ na homophobia. Na "Cy Ross na SQ Syndrome" ọ na-eche ihu na ịkpa ókè agbụrụ dị n'ime nke na-abịa na ịbụ "eze nwanyị snow", ebe "The Satyr" na-eche ụzọ homophobia nwèrè ike isi duga n'ime ihe ike.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ferris.edu/HTMLS/news/jimcrow/links/essays/comics.htm|title=From "Under Cork" to Overcoming: Black Images in the Comics|author=Loring Jones|first=Steven|work=[[Jim Crow Museum of Racist Memorabilia]]|accessdate=2019-11-22|archivedate=2022-11-22|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20221122175930/https://www.ferris.edu/HTMLS/news/jimcrow/links/essays/comics.htm}}</ref> A matara ọrụ ya màkà mkpà na ụkọ nke isiokwu ya n'oge ahụ, yana ojiji ya na mkparịta ụka banyéré ọdịnaya ihe na-akpali agụụ mmekọahụ na ego gọọmentị màkà nyocha ọrịa AIDS.<ref>[[Ramzi Fawaz|Fawaz, Ramzi]], Justin Hall, & Helen M. Kinsella. ''discovering paradise islands: the politics and pleasures of feminist utopias, a conversation''. Feminist Review, Vol. 116, Issue 1. Springer Link. July 2017. p.1-21 [https://link.springer.com/article/10.1057/s41305-017-0065-8 .]</ref><ref>{{Cite book|title=Eighties People: New Lives in the American Imagination|author=Ferguson|first=Kevin L|publisher=Palgrave Macmillan|year=2016|isbn=9781349887651|location=New York, NY|pages=62–70}}</ref><ref>Nero, Charles I. “Free Speech or Hate Speech: Pornography and its Means of Production.” Law  Sexuality: A Review of Lesbian and Gay Legal Issues, 2, 1992, p.3-10. HeinOnline [https://heinonline.org/HOL/P?h=hein.journals/lsex2&i=11. .]</ref> Ndị ógè ya dị ka Jerry Mills na Howard Cruse gosipụtara mmasị na nka Clarke na ọchịchọ ịhụ ka ọ na-arụpụta ihe na mmepụta ya.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.howardcruse.com/loosecruse/?paged=9|title=West Coast Report (Part 2)|author=Cruse|first=Howard|date=26 May 2009|work=Loose Cruse: The Blog|accessdate=20 June 2022|archivedate=5 July 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210705210224/http://www.howardcruse.com/loosecruse/?paged=9}}</ref><ref name=":2" /> == Ịgba mbọ == Clarke na-arụsi ọrụ íke na mmata ọrịa AIDS ma na 1987 nyèrè áká na ọrụ GMHC "Safer Sex Comix" na 1987, mgbalị ịgbasa mmata banyéré ọrịa AIDS na eroticize omume mmekọahụ dị nchebe dịka iji condoms.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nlm.nih.gov/exhibition/survivingandthriving/digitalgallery/detail-safersexcomix.html|title=Safer Sex Comix #8, 1987|date=16 September 2013|work=U.S. National Library of Medicine|access-date=20 June 2022|archive-date=20 June 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220620030119/https://www.nlm.nih.gov/exhibition/survivingandthriving/digitalgallery/detail-safersexcomix.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Akwụkwọ ndị ọzọ == * [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Nnupụisi: LGBT Fight Against Fascism na WWII. [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Dana Point, CA: Stacked Deck Press, November 16, 2018. * Akwụkwọ Ndị dike na-acha odo odo. Ed. Jon Macy na Tara Madison Avery. Dana Point CA: Stacked Deck Press, July 29, 2016.  [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/9780997048735|9780997048735]] * [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] ''Onye na-akwado abolition''! Mpịakọta 1. United Graphic LLC: Mattoon, Illinois, 2014.  [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/9780615754390|9780615754390]] * Queer Pin-Ups Card Deck nke Northwest Press rere maka May 2015 Queers and Comics LGBTQ Cartoonist Conference na New York<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.tcj.com/queers-and-comics-the-lgbtq-cartoonists-and-comics-conference/|title=Queers and Comics: The LGBTQ Cartoonists and Comics Conference|author=Kirby|first=Robert|date=18 May 2015|work=The Comics Journal}}</ref> == Edensibia == <references /> == Edensibia == * [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] ''Enweghị usoro'' ziri ezi: Afọ iri anọ nke Comics. Seattle, WA: Fantagraphics Books, Inc., 2013.  [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/9781606997185|9781606997185]] [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 0965x8q0gv3dbu9s61fy5bx0qrix0cu 0 16270 727551 580017 2026-09-24T07:45:31Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727551 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} {{Infobox person|image=|caption=}} [[Category:Articles with hCards]] '''Christopher Thomas Hoffman''' (a mụrụ na 15 Febụwarị 1981), bụ [[Actor|onye na-eme ihe nkiri]] na [[Zimbabwe]] na onye na-ese olu.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.tvguide.com/celebrities/chris-hoffman/credits/144503/|title=Chris Hoffman films|publisher=tvguide|accessdate=24 October 2020|archive-date=27 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201027124948/https://www.tvguide.com/celebrities/chris-hoffman/credits/144503/|url-status=dead}}</ref> A maara ya nke ọma maka ọrụ ya na ihe nkiri Lions for Lambs, Molly's Game na Saints & Sinners .<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.behindthevoiceactors.com/Chris-Hoffman/|title=Chris Hoffman - Behind The Voice Actors|publisher=Behind The Voice Actors|accessdate=24 October 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www4.fusionmovies.to/celebrity/EFCwihzshI/matt-hoffman|title=Chris Hoffman films|publisher=fusionmovies|accessdate=24 October 2020}}</ref> == Ndụ onwe == A mụrụ ya n'abalị 15 ọnwa Febụwarị afọ 1981 na Harare, Zimbabwe. O nwere ejima, Matt Hoffman. == Ihe nkiri == {| class="wikitable" !Afọ !Ihe nkiri !Ọrụ !Ụdị ![Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] |- |1985 |''Ịdọrọ Ihe Nrite #2'' | |Ihe nkiri dị mkpirikpi | |- |1987 |''Ịhụnanya n'okporo ụzọ na-agba ọsọ'' | |Ihe nkiri dị mkpirikpi | |- |1988 |''Otu esi esusu ọnụ'' |Onye na-akọ akụkọ |Ihe nkiri dị mkpirikpi | |- |1991 |''Onye Amamihe'' |olu |Ihe nkiri dị mkpirikpi | |- |1992 |''Ụda A Na-akpọ Tune'' |Wiseone / Surfer / Tango Dancer |Ihe nkiri | |- |1997 |''Mondo Plympton'' |olu |Ihe nkiri | |- |1999 |''Joan nke Arc'' |Louis |Obere ihe nkiri TV | |- |2000 |''Okooko osisi ọhịa'' |Dennis Hobbs |Ihe nkiri | |- |2000 |''Ụmụ agbọghọ Gilmore'' |Matt |Ihe nkiri TV | |- |2002 |''Okporo ụzọ'' |Onye nchọpụta Kecker |Ihe nkiri V | |- |2003 |''Akara Ọkụ'' |Onye Nlekọta Ụlọ Ahịa |Ihe nkiri TV | |- |2003 |''30:13'' |Onye Nlekọta |Ihe nkiri dị mkpirikpi | |- |2004 |''Sandwich Knuckle'' |Ọfịs Dork |Ihe nkiri | |- |2004 |''Ihe E Kere Eke A Na-amaghị Ama'' |Steve |Ihe nkiri | |- |2007 |''Ndị Nsọ na Ndị Mmehie'' |Simon Pierce |Ihe nkiri TV | |- |2007 |''Ọdụm Maka Nwa atụrụ'' |Nkịta Na-emegbu Egwu |Ihe nkiri | |- |2009 |''Ihe na-adọrọ mmasị'' |Jimmy Cooper |Ihe nkiri TV | |- |2009 |''Onye a kwụgburu'' |Gus |Ihe nkiri | |- |2011 |''Nwa agbọghọ furu efu'' |Hamish |Ihe nkiri TV | |- |2013 |''Nọọsụ 3D'' |Nwoke lụrụ di / Fred |Ihe nkiri | |- |2013 |''Egwuregwu'' |Shaun Devlin |Ihe nkiri TV | |- |2014 |''Ịzọpụta Olileanya'' |John Doe Onye Ọrịa |Ihe nkiri TV | |- |2015 |''Ihe Omimi Murdoch'' |Bernie King |Ihe nkiri TV | |- |2016 |''Killjoys'' |Onye Na-agba Ọrịa |Ihe nkiri dị mkpirikpi | |- |2016 |''Anwụrụ ọkụ'' |Nwoke Zuru Okpu |Ihe nkiri dị mkpirikpi | |- |2017 |''Egwuregwu Molly'' |Derrick |Ihe nkiri | |- |2017 |''Ihe nkiri n'azụ ikpo okwu'' |Maazị Park |Ihe nkiri TV | |- |2017 |''Ahụmahụ Enyi nwanyị'' | |Ihe nkiri TV | |} == Edemsibịa == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * {{IMDb name|nm0388845}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] {{DEFAULTSORT:Hoffman, Christopher}} 3r7xgslluph6negsrov8kf6j7006hgz 0 16303 727574 720799 2026-09-24T09:38:37Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727574 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}   [[Category:Articles with hCards]] '''Danai Jekesai''' Gurira (/dəˈnaɪ ɡʊˈrɪərə/; a mụrụ na Febụwarị 14, 1978) bụ onye America na-eme ihe nkiri na onye na-ede egwuregwu. A maara ya nke ọma maka ọrụ ya dịka Michonne na usoro ihe nkiri egwu AMC The Walking Dead (2012X2020) na dịka Okoye na ihe nkiri Marvel Cinematic Universe superhero ''Black Panther'' (2018), Avengers: Infinity War (2018), na Avengers: Endgame (2019). Gurira bụkwa onye na-ede egwuregwu nke egwuregwu Broadway Eclipsed, nke a họpụtara ya maka Tony Award maka Best Play. A họpụtakwara Gurira maka ihe nrite Pulitzer maka ihe nkiri maka egwuregwu ya In The Continuum, nke o sokwa dee ma mee ihe nkiri.[[File:Danai Gurira by Gage Skidmore 3.jpg|thumb|]] == Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ == A mụrụ Gurira na Grinnell, Iowa, nye Josephine Gurira, onye na-elekọta ọbá akwụkwọ kọleji, na Roger Gurira, prọfesọ na Ngalaba Chemistry na Grinnel College (ndị nne na nna abụọ mechara sonye na ndị ọrụ nke Mahadum WisconsinńPlatteville).<ref name="UWIPlatteville-Father">{{Cite web|title=College of Engineering, Mathematics and Science: Chemistry Faculty and Staff: Roger Gurira Roger Gurira, Lecturer|url=http://www.uwplatt.edu/chemistry/faculty-and-staff|publisher=University of Wisconsin-Platteville|accessdate=October 21, 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160331121014/http://www.uwplatt.edu/chemistry/faculty-and-staff|archivedate=March 31, 2016}}</ref><ref name="LATimes-TWD-2012">{{Cite news|author=McIntyre|first=Gina|title=Walking Dead: Danai Gurira Doubles as Michonne and a Playwright|url=http://herocomplex.latimes.com/2012/11/06/walking-dead-danai-gurira-doubles-as-michonne-and-a-playwright/|work=[[Los Angeles Times]]|accessdate=November 6, 2012|date=November 6, 2012}}</ref> <ref name="LATimes-TWD-2012" />Nne na nna ya si Southern Rhodesia, nke bụ [[Zimbabwe]] ugbu a, kwaga United States n'afọ 1964.<ref name="LAStageTimes-Convert-2012">{{Cite news|author=Donloe|first=Darlene|title=The 'Zamerican' Danai Gurira Examines ''The Convert''|url=http://lastagetimes.com/2012/04/the-zamerican-danai-gurira-examines-the-convert/|accessdate=October 28, 2014|work=LA Stage Times|date=April 18, 2012|archive-date=July 13, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140713134107/http://lastagetimes.com/2012/04/the-zamerican-danai-gurira-examines-the-convert/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ọ bụ nwa ikpeazụ n'ime ụmụnne anọ; Shingai na Choni bụ ụmụnne ya nwanyị na Tare, nwanne ya nwoke, bụ onye chiropractor.<ref name="LAStageTimes-Convert-2012" /> Gurira biri na Grinnell ruo n'ọnwa Disemba afọ 1983, mgbe ọ dị afọ ise, ya na ezinụlọ ya laghachiri Harare, isi obodo Zimbabwe, mgbe Robert Mugabe malitere ịchị n'afọ 1979.<ref name="Ebony-Treme-2012">{{Cite news|author=Mims|first=Sergio|title=Danai Gurira: Actress and Playwright with Africa on Her Mind|url=http://www.ebony.com/entertainment-culture/Talking-with-Actress-Playwrite-Danai-Gurira#axzz3HLnZ3ts8|accessdate=October 27, 2014|work=[[Ebony (magazine)|Ebony]]|date=March 3, 2012}}</ref><ref name="AmTheatre-Convert-2013">{{Cite journal|title=Playscript: The Convert|journal=[[American Theatre (magazine)|American Theatre]]|date=September 2013|volume=30|issue=7|pages=70–71|url=http://www.tcg.org/publications/at/issue/toc.cfm?indexID=35|accessdate=October 27, 2014|issn=8750-3255|archive-date=October 27, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141027150326/http://www.tcg.org/publications/at/issue/toc.cfm?indexID=35|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ọ gara ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị na Dominican Convent High School . Mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, ọ laghachiri na United States iji mụọ na Macalester College na Saint Paul, Minnesota, na-agụsị akwụkwọ na Bachelor of Arts na psychology.<ref name="LATimes-TWD-2012" /><ref name="TavisSmiley-TWD-2013">{{Cite news|author=Smiley|first=Tavis|title=Actress-playwright Danai Gurira|url=https://www.pbs.org/wnet/tavissmiley/interviews/danai-gurira/|accessdate=October 28, 2014|work=[[Tavis Smiley Show]]|date=October 10, 2013|format=Video interview; includes complete transcript|archive-date=October 28, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141028071653/http://www.pbs.org/wnet/tavissmiley/interviews/danai-gurira/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Gurira nwetakwara Master of Fine Arts na ime ihe nkiri na Mahadum New York's Tisch School of the Arts.<ref name="DanaiGurira-PlaywritingResume-2013">{{Cite web|title=Danai Gurira – Playwriting Resume|url=http://www.danaigurira.com/playwriting_resume.pdf|work=Danai Gurira|accessdate=October 27, 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131016010110/http://www.danaigurira.com/playwriting_resume.pdf|archivedate=October 16, 2013}}</ref> == Ọrụ == Gurira kụziri edemede egwuregwu na ime ihe nkiri na Liberia, Zimbabwe na South Africa.<ref name="LAStageTimes-Convert-2012" /> Otu n'ime ihe ngosi mbụ ya a ma ama mere n'afọ 2001, dịka onye okenye na Macalester College. Gurira rụrụ ọrụ na mmepụta nke ihe nkiri Ntozake Shange bụ maka ụmụ agbọghọ na-acha ọbara ọbara bụ ndị tụlere igbu onwe ha / Mgbe ụyọkọ na-acha odo odo, nke Dale Ricardo Shields duziri ma mee ihe nkiri. Ọ bụ nwa agbọghọ nwere ọgụgụ isi, siri ike ma nweere onwe ya, ka Shields kwuru. Ọ bịarutere ọmụmụ ya, klas ya, na ọtụtụ ihe, ị nwere ike ịhụ otu ihe ahụ na arụmọrụ ya na Black Panther. Ọdịdị<ref>{{Cite web|title=Guthrie presents 'fiercely funny' play by Minnesota-educated star of 'Black Panther'|url=https://www.startribune.com/guthrie-presents-fiercely-funny-play-by-minnesota-educated-star-of-black-panther/476976363/|accessdate=2021-02-26|work=Star Tribune|archivedate=2021-05-14|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210514170612/https://www.startribune.com/guthrie-presents-fiercely-funny-play-by-minnesota-educated-star-of-black-panther/476976363/}}</ref> [[Usòrò:SDCC_2015_-_Danai_Gurira_(19670150585).jpg|alt=|thumb|Gurira na 2015 The Walking Dead Panel na San Diego Comic Con.]] Gurira kwuru na ọ malitere ide ihe nkiri na mgbalị iji jiri ike ya mee ihe nke ọma dịka onye na-eme ihe nkiri, na ịkọ akụkọ ndị na-enye echiche banyere ụmụ nwanyị siri ike ọ na-ejikọta.<ref name="TavisSmiley-TWD-2013" /> Dịka onye na-ede egwuregwu, Yale Repertory Theatre, Center Theatre Group, Playwrights Horizons, na Royal Court enyewo ya ọrụ. Gurira so dee ma soro mee ihe nkiri na In the Continuum, nke mbụ na Woolly Mammoth Theatre Company ma mesịa Off-Broadway, nke meriri ya Obie Award, Outer Critics Circle Award, na Helen Hayes Award maka Best Lead Actress.<ref name="obie">{{Cite web|title=Obie Award for Special Citations (Obie Award) – Winners|url=http://awardsandwinners.com/category/obie-award/obie-award-for-special-citations/|work=awardsandwinners.com|accessdate=1 November 2016|archivedate=18 November 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181118213855/http://awardsandwinners.com/category/obie-award/obie-award-for-special-citations/}}</ref><ref name="DanaiGurira-PlaywritingResume-2013" /> N'ọnwa Disemba afọ 2011, In the Continuum mere ememe ncheta Ụbọchị Ọrịa AIDS Ụwa 2011. N'ịbụ nke United States Embassy na [[Zimbabwe]] kwadoro, emere egwuregwu ahụ na Harare's Theatre ma gosipụta akụkọ ụmụ nwanyị abụọ na-agagharị n'ụwa mgbe ha butere nje HIV.<ref name="ZimboJam-2011">{{Cite web|title=Danai Gurira Teams Up With Rooftop|url=http://www.zimbojam.com/archives/51-film-tv-and-theatre/film-news/3025-danai-guriras-teams-up-with-rooftop|work=Zimbo Jam|accessdate=October 14, 2012|date=October 21, 2011|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130913121514/http://zimbojam.com/archives/51-film-tv-and-theatre/film-news/3025-danai-guriras-teams-up-with-rooftop|archivedate=September 13, 2013}}</ref> N'afọ 2009, Gurira mere ihe nkiri mbụ ya na Broadway na egwuregwu August Wilson ''Joe Turner's'' Come and Gone na-egwu Martha Pentecost.<ref name="NewYork-Continuum-2009">{{Cite news|author=Kachka|first=Boris|title=Into Africa: Danai Gurira|url=https://nymag.com/arts/theater/features/56443/|accessdate=October 27, 2014|work=New York|date=May 3, 2009}}</ref> Egwuregwu Gurira nke afọ 2012 bụ The Convert gosipụtara dịka ihe ngosi n'etiti Goodman Theatre na Chicago na McCarter Theatre na New Jersey. Ka e mesịrị n'afọ ahụ, Gurira natara Whiting Award maka onye edemede egwuregwu na-apụta.<ref name="whiting">{{Cite web|url=http://www.whiting.org/awards/winners/danai-gurira#/|title=Danai Gurira: 2012 Winner in Drama|publisher=Mrs Giles Whiting Foundation|accessdate=April 18, 2015}}</ref> N'ọnwa Jenụwarị afọ 2015, Familiar, egwuregwu nke Gurira dere ma bụrụ nke Rebecca Taichman duziri, meghere na Yale Repertory Theatre.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://news.yale.edu/2015/01/14/yale-rep-s-world-premiere-familiar-family-thrown-flux|title=In Yale Rep's world-premiere 'Familiar,' a family is thrown into flux|date=January 14, 2015|work=Yale News|publisher=Yale University|accessdate=April 18, 2015}}</ref> O mechara gosipụta na Off-Broadway na New York na Playwrights Horizons . Egwuregwu ahụ bụ maka ezinụlọ, ọdịbendị ọdịbendị, na ahụmịhe nke ndụ dị ka onye America nke mbụ, Gurira ekwuola na ọ sitere n'ike mmụọ nsọ nke ezinụlọ ya na ndị enyi ya.<ref name="YaleRep-Familiar-2015">{{Cite web|title=2014–2015 Season: Familiar|url=http://www.yalerep.org/on_stage/2014-15/familiar.html|publisher=Yale Repertory Theatre|accessdate=November 8, 2014|archivedate=November 8, 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141108172443/http://www.yalerep.org/on_stage/2014-15/familiar.html}}</ref> === Ihe nkiri na telivishọn === Gurira pụtara na ihe nkiri ihe nkiri The Visitor n'afọ 2007, nke o ritere ihe nrite Method Fest Independent Film Festival Award maka ''onye'' na-akwado ihe nkiri kacha mma. Ọ pụtara na ihe nkiri Ghost Town nke afọ 2008, ihe nkiri ''3'' Backyards na My Soul to Take nke afọ 2010, na Restless City n'afọ 2011, yana usoro telivishọn Law & Order: Criminal Intent, Life on Mars, na Law & Order. Site n'afọ 2010 ruo 2011, ọ pụtara na usoro ihe nkiri HBO Treme . == Ikwuchite ndi ọzọ == N'afọ 2008, Gurira pụtara na Global Green Sustainable Design Awards iji gụọ akwụkwọ ozi nke nwa amaala New Orleans nke ajọ ifufe Katrina chụpụrụ. N'afọ 2011, Gurira jikọtara aka guzobe Almasi Arts, otu a raara nye ịga n'ihu na agụmakwụkwọ nka na Zimbabwe.<ref name="LATimes-TWD-2012" /><ref name="NewZim-Feature-2014">{{Cite news|author=AP|title=Gurira: Zim helped shape theatre passion|url=http://www.newzimbabwe.com/showbiz-14076-Gurira+Zim+helped+shape+theatre+passion/showbiz.aspx|accessdate=October 28, 2014|work=New Zimbabwe|date=January 26, 2014|archive-date=April 1, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180401110012/http://newzimbabwe.com/showbiz-14076-Gurira+Zim+helped+shape+theatre+passion/showbiz.aspx|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="People-Almasi-2015">{{Cite news|author=Gomez|first=Patrick|title=The Heartwarming Reason The Walking Dead's Danai Gurira Is Offering Fans a Chance to Meet Her|url=http://www.people.com/article/walking-dead-star-danai-gurira-talks-about-her-charity|accessdate=July 23, 2015|work=People|date=July 22, 2015}}</ref> Gurira na-eje ozi ugbu a dịka onye isi nka.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.almasiarts.org/our-team/|title=Our Team|publisher=Almasi Collaborative Arts|accessdate=November 16, 2016}}</ref> == Ndụ onwe == Gurira bụ Onye Kraịst ma biri na Los Angeles, ọ bụ ezie na ọ na-anọkarị na New York City.<ref name="LAStageTimes-Convert-2012" /><ref name="NatGeoTraveler-TWD-2014">{{Cite news|author=Knorovsky|first=Katie|title=African Storyteller: Walking Dead's Danai Gurira|url=http://intelligenttravel.nationalgeographic.com/2014/03/10/african-storyteller-walking-deads-danai-gurira/|accessdate=October 27, 2014|work=[[National Geographic Traveler]]|date=March 10, 2014}}</ref><ref name="USWeekly-25Things-2014">{{Cite web|author=US Weekly Staff|title=Danai Gurira: 25 Things You Didn't Know About Me|url=http://www.usmagazine.com/celebrity-news/news/25-things-danai-gurira-20141210|work=[[Us Weekly]]|accessdate=November 8, 2014}}</ref> Ọ na-akọwa onwe ya dịka onye Zimbabwe-American. Ọ na-asụ asụsụ anọ: French, Shona, isi Xhosa, na Bekee ma na-anọgide na-enwe ahụike site na Pilates na ọzụzụ cross.<ref name="LAStageTimes-Convert-2012" /><ref name="Self-TWD-2015">{{Cite news|author=Bried|first=Erin|date=February 17, 2015|title=The Walking Dead's Danai Gurira Talks Staying Balanced and Strong|url=http://www.self.com/body/celebrity/2015/02/walking-dead-danai-gurira-balanced-body/|work=[[Self (magazine)|Self]]|accessdate=March 4, 2015|archive-date=April 7, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150407234658/http://www.self.com/body/celebrity/2015/02/walking-dead-danai-gurira-balanced-body|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Ihe nkiri == === Ihe nkiri === {| class="wikitable sortable" !Afọ !Aha ya !Ọrụ !Ihe edeturu |- |2007 |''Onye Nleta'' |Zainab | |- | rowspan="2" |2008 |''Mkpụrụ Obi M ga-ewere'' |Jeanne Baptiste | |- |''Obodo Mmụọ'' |Mmụọ dịgasị iche iche | |- |2010 |''3 Ogige Ntọala'' |Nwaanyị Na-eyi Uwe Na-acha Ọcha | |- |2011 |''Obodo Na-enweghị Nche'' |Sisi | |- |2013 |''Nne George'' |Adenike Olumide Balogun | |- |2015 |''Tinker Bell na Akụkọ ifo nke NeverBeast'' |Iwe (olu) | |- |2017 |''Ihe Nile Na-ele M anya'' |Afeni Shakur |<ref name="Deadline-AllEyez-2015">{{Cite news|author=Fleming|first=Mike Jr.|title='Walking Dead's Danai Gurira Set To Play Tupac's Mom Afeni Shakur In 'All Eyez On Me'|url=https://deadline.com/2016/01/danai-gurira-the-walking-dead-tupac-shakur-afeni-shakur-all-eyez-on-me-1201680640/|accessdate=February 3, 2016|work=[[Deadline Hollywood]]|date=January 11, 2015}}</ref><ref name="Variety-AllEyez-2015">{{Cite news|author=McNary|first=Dave|title='Walking Dead' Star Danai Gurira Joins Tupac Biopic|url=https://variety.com/2016/film/news/walking-dead-danai-gurira-tupac-biopic-1201677358/|accessdate=February 3, 2016|work=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]|date=January 11, 2015}}</ref> |- | rowspan="2" |2018 |''Black Panther'' | rowspan="4" |Okoye | |- |''Ndị Avengers: Agha Na-adịghị Agwụ Agwụ'' | |- |2019 |''Ndị Avengers: Egwuregwu Ikpeazụ'' | |- |2022 |''Black Panther: Wakanda Forever'' |Mgbe emechara ya |- |TBA |''Shirley Chisholm na-alụ ọgụ'' |Shirley Chisholm |<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-news/danai-gurira-to-star-as-shirley-chisholm-in-feature-from-stephanie-allain-4091319/|title=Danai Gurira to Star as Shirley Chisholm in Feature From Stephanie Allain|first=Mia|author=Galuppo|date=11 November 2021|work=The Hollywood Reporter}}</ref> |} === Telivishọn === {| class="wikitable sortable" !Afọ !Aha ya !Ọrụ !Ihe edeturu |- |2004 |''Iwu &amp;amp; Usoro: Ebumnuche Mpụ'' |Marei Rosa R recọi |Ihe omume: "Inert Dwarf" |- | rowspan="2" |2009 |''Ndụ na Mars'' |Angela |Ihe omume: "Ihe Nzuzo Dị mfe nke Ihe E dere n'ime Anyị Nile" |- |''Iwu na Usoro'' |Courtney Owens |Ihe omume: "Fed" |- | rowspan="2" |2010 |''Ahụmahụ America'' |Sarah Steward |Ihe omume: "Dolley Madison" |- |''Ịgha ụgha nye m'' |Michelle Russo |Ihe omume: "E kpughere" |- |2010 2011 |''Ụgbọ ala'' |Jill |Recurring (Seasons 1ī); 6 episodes |- |2012-2020 |''Ndị Nwụrụ Anwụ Na-agagharị'' |Michonne Hawthorne |Ndị na-eme ihe nkiri (Seasons 310); 90 episodes |- |2017 |''Anụ ọkụkọ robot'' |Michonne (olu) |Ihe omume: "The Robot Chicken Walking Dead Special: Look Who's Walking" |- |2021 |''Gịnị ma ọ bụrụ na...?'' |Okoye (olu) |Ihe omume 3 |} === Ebe a na-eme ihe nkiri === {| class="wikitable sortable" !Afọ !Aha ya !Ọrụ !Ihe edeturu |- |2005 |''N'ịnọgide na-aga n'ihu'' |Abigail, na ndị ọzọ |Onye na-ede ihe nkiri |- | rowspan="2" |2009 |''Joe Turner abịala ma pụọ'' |Martha Pentikọst |Ihe nkiri mbụ nke Broadway na Belasco Theatre.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://nymag.com/arts/theater/features/56443/|title=Into Africa: Danai Gurira|work=NYMag.com|accessdate=2016-11-16}}</ref> |- |''E kpuchiri ya'' !Ọdịdị |Onye na-ede ihe nkiri; New York premiere na 2015 2016 oge na The Public Theater bufere na Broadway<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://publictheater.org/Global/Press/2015/Eclipsed_ReleaseFINAL.pdf|title=The Public Theater announces New York premiere of ECLIPSED, by Danai Gurira, added to 2015-16 season|date=July 30, 2015|work=publictheater.org|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151010173531/http://publictheater.org/Global/Press/2015/Eclipsed_ReleaseFINAL.pdf|archivedate=10 October 2015}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.eclipsedbroadway.com/|title=eclipsedbroadway.com|work=www.eclipsedbroadway.com}}</ref> |- |2011 |''Mkpụrụ Maka Mkpụrụ'' |Isabella |Shakespeare na ogige ntụrụndụ na Delacorte Theater.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.playbill.com/article/photo-call-measure-for-measure-with-danai-gurira-michael-hayden-andr-eacute-holland-at-shakespeare-in-the-park-com-179978|title=PHOTO CALL: Measure for Measure, With Danai Gurira, Michael Hayden, André Holland, at Shakespeare in the Park {{!}} Playbill|work=Playbill|accessdate=2016-11-16}}</ref> |- |2012 |''Onye Ntụgharị'' !Ọdịdị |Onye na-ede egwuregwu;<ref name="LATimes-Convert-Review-2012">{{Cite news|author=Gray|first=Margaret|title=Theater review: 'The Convert' at the Kirk Douglas Theatre|url=https://articles.latimes.com/2012/apr/23/entertainment/la-et-cm-the-convert-20120422|accessdate=October 28, 2014|work=Los Angeles Times|date=April 23, 2012}}</ref> |- |2015 |''Onye Amụma''<ref name="YaleRep-Familiar-2015"/> !Ọdịdị |Onye na-ede egwuregwu; nke Yale Repertory Theatre nyere iwu; New York premiere na oge 2014 na Playwright's Horizons. |} == <ref name="YaleRep-Familiar-2015" />Ọrụ ma ọ bụ akwụkwọ == * Ọ ga-adọrọ mmasị, Danai. Running Head: The Neglect of Black Women in Psychology. 2001. Akwụkwọ nsọpụrụ, Macalester College * Gurira, Danai, na [http://www.nikkolesalter.com Nikkole Salter]. ''[http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/253515650 N'ime ihe na-aga n'ihu]''. [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] * Ọ ga-adọrọ mmasị, Danai. ''[http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/701395215 E kpuchiri ya]''. New York: Ndị na-eme ihe nkiri Play Service, 2010.  [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/978-0-822-22446-4|978-0-822-22446-4]] * Ọ ga-adọrọ mmasị, Danai. ''[http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/884966661 Onye a tọghatara]''. Washington, DC : Woolly Mammoth Theatre Company, 2013. * Ọ ga-adọrọ mmasị, Danai. [http://www.worldcat.org/title/familiar-typescript-2016/oclc/949857642&referer=brief_results Onye] maara nke ọma. New York Public Library for the Performing Arts Billy Rose Theatre Division, 2016. * Ọ ga-adọrọ mmasị, Danai. [http://www.worldcat.org/title/power-of-women-lupita-nyongo/oclc/956323283&referer=brief_results Ike ụmụ nwanyị] : Lupita Nyong'o. New York: DKC / O&M, 2016. == <ref name="whiting" />Onyinye na nhọpụta == {| class="wikitable" !Afọ !Ihe nrite !Ụdị !Ọrụ !Nsonaazụ !Ref |- | rowspan="3" |2006 |Ihe nrite Obie |Nkwupụta Pụrụ Iche | rowspan="4" |''N'ịnọgide na-aga n'ihu''|| {{Won}} |<ref name="obie"/> |- | rowspan="2" |Onyinye Outer Critics Circle |Egwuregwu Na-adịghị Mma na Broadway|| {{Nom}} | rowspan="2" |<ref>{{Cite web|title=2005–2006 Outer Critics Circle Award Nominations Announced|url=http://www.theatermania.com/new-york-city-theater/news/04-2006/2005-2006-outer-critics-circle-award-nominations-a_8112.html|work=TheaterMania.com|accessdate=7 January 2017}}</ref> |- |Ihe nrite John Gassner Memorial Playwriting Award|| {{Won}} |- |2007 |Ihe nrite Helen Hayes |Onye na-eme ihe nkiri kachasị mma, onye na-abụghị onye bi na ya|| {{Won}} |<ref>{{Cite web|title=Winners of Helen Hayes Awards|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/04/16/AR2007041601762.html|work=The Washington Post|accessdate=7 January 2017|date=17 April 2007}}</ref> |- | rowspan="3" |2008 |Ihe nrite Gotham |Ndị na-eme ihe nkiri kacha mma | rowspan="3" |''Onye Nleta''|| {{Nom}} |<ref>{{Cite web|title=The Gotham Independent Film Awards™|url=https://gotham.ifp.org/|work=gotham.ifp.org|accessdate=6 January 2017|archivedate=2 December 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20201202140119/https://gotham.ifp.org/}}</ref> |- |Ihe nrite Boston Society of Film Critics |Ndị Kasị Mma|| {{Nom}} | |- |Usoro Fest |Onye Nkwado Kasị Mma|| {{Won}} |<ref>{{Cite web|title=Method Fest presents winners {{!}} www.theacorn.com {{!}} The Acorn|url=http://www.theacorn.com/news/2008-04-10/on_the_town/038.html|work=theacorn.com|accessdate=1 November 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161103235210/http://www.theacorn.com/news/2008-04-10/on_the_town/038.html|archivedate=November 3, 2016}}</ref> |- | rowspan="2" |2012 |Ihe nrite Satellite |Ihe nkiri telivishọn kacha mma |''Ndị Nwụrụ Anwụ Na-agagharị''|| {{Won}} |<ref>{{Cite web|title=Satellite Awards Nominates 10 Films for Best Motion Picture|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/race/satellite-awards-nominates-10-films-396865|work=The Hollywood Reporter|accessdate=6 January 2017}}</ref> |- |Onyinye Whiting |Ide Ihe na Drama | rowspan="2" |''Onye Ntụgharị''|| {{Won}} |<ref name="whiting"/> |- | rowspan="3" |2013 |Ihe nrite Los Angeles Drama Critics Circle |Ihe odide Kasị Mma|| {{Won}} |<ref name="Backstage-LADramaCritics-2013">{{Cite news|author=Maier|first=Marissa|title=Los Angeles Drama Critics Circle Nominees Announced (Full List)|url=http://www.backstage.com/news/los-angeles-drama-critics-circle-nominees-announced-full-list/|accessdate=October 28, 2014|work=[[Backstage (magazine)|Backstage]]|date=January 25, 2013}}</ref> |- |Onyinye Eyegore |Ihe nrite kacha mma |''Ndị Nwụrụ Anwụ Na-agagharị''|| {{Won}} |<ref>{{Cite web|title=Interviews With The Stars On The Halloween Horror Nights Eyegore Awards Red Carpet! #UniversalHHN|url=http://briteandbubbly.com/interviews-with-the-stars-on-the-halloween-horror-nights-eyegore-awards-red-carpet/|work=Brite and Bubbly|accessdate=7 January 2017|date=22 September 2013}}</ref> |- |Ihe nrite Chlotrudis |Onye na-eme ihe nkiri kacha mma | rowspan="4" |''Nne George''|| {{Nom}} |<ref>{{Cite web|title=CHLOTRUDIS SOCIETY FOR INDEPENDENT FILM ANNOUNCES 2013 NOMINATIONS – 'FRANCES HA' SHARES THE WEALTH {{!}} Chlotrudis Society for Independent Film|url=http://www.chlotrudis.org/content/chlotrudis-society-independent-film-announces-2013-nominations-%E2%80%93-%E2%80%98frances-ha%E2%80%99-shares-wealth|work=www.chlotrudis.org|accessdate=1 November 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181118162941/http://www.chlotrudis.org/content/chlotrudis-society-independent-film-announces-2013-nominations-%E2%80%93-%E2%80%98frances-ha%E2%80%99-shares-wealth|archivedate=November 18, 2018}}</ref> |- | rowspan="3" |2014 | rowspan="2" |Ihe nrite Black Reel |Onye na-eme ihe nkiri kacha mma|| {{Won}} |<ref>{{Cite web|title=Past Winners|url=http://blackreelawards.com/past-winners/|work=Black Reel Awards|accessdate=1 November 2016|date=21 February 2016|archivedate=26 February 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160226112208/http://blackreelawards.com/past-winners/}}</ref> |- |Egwuregwu Kasị Mma|| {{Nom}} |<ref>{{Cite web|author=Says|first=Michonnemicheaux|title=The 14th Annual Black Reel Awards Nominations|url=https://blackreelawards.wordpress.com/2013/12/18/the-14th-annual-black-reel-awards-nominations/|work=The Black Reel Awards|accessdate=6 January 2017|date=18 December 2013}}</ref> |- |American Black Film Festival Hollywood Awards |Onye na-eme ihe nkiri kacha mma|| {{Nom}} |<ref>{{Cite web|title=2014 American Black Film Festival Hollywood Awards: This Year's Nominees, VOTE for your favorites|url=http://affrodite.net/2014/01/09/2014-american-black-film-festival-hollywood-awards-this-years-nominees/#sthash.pZkD9KYA.6ahihOf8.dpbs|work=Affrodite®|accessdate=7 January 2017|date=9 January 2014}}</ref> |- | rowspan="10" |2016 |Ihe nrite ihe oyiyi NAACP |Onye na-eme ihe nkiri na-akwado ihe nkiri | rowspan="2" |''Ndị Nwụrụ Anwụ Na-agagharị''|| {{Nom}} |<ref>{{Cite web|title=NAACP Image Awards|url=http://www.naacpimageawards.net/main_winners_nominees.html|work=www.naacpimageawards.net|accessdate=1 November 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160828102253/http://www.naacpimageawards.net/main_winners_nominees.html|archivedate=28 August 2016}}</ref> |- |Ihe nrite Saturn |Onye na-eme ihe nkiri kachasị mma na telivishọn|| {{Won}} |<ref>{{Cite web|title=The Academy of Science Fiction Fantasy and Horror Films|url=http://www.saturnawards.org/|work=www.saturnawards.org|accessdate=1 November 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120626144753/http://www.saturnawards.org/|archivedate=26 June 2012}}</ref> |- |Onyinye Tony |Egwuregwu Kasị Mma | rowspan="6" |''E kpuchiri ya''|| {{Nom}} |<ref>{{Cite web|title=The Tony Award Nominees – Shows|url=http://www.tonyawards.com/en_US/nominees/shows/201511211448166380944.html|work=TonyAwards.com|accessdate=1 November 2016|archivedate=18 November 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181118163904/https://www.tonyawards.com/en_US/nominees/shows/201511211448166380944.html}}</ref> |- |Onyinye Lilly |Ihe odide Egwuregwu Dị Iche|| {{Won}} |<ref>{{Cite web|title=The 2016 Lilly Awards at Signature Theatre in NYC|url=http://thelillyawards.org/annual-awards-ceremony/2016-awards/|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170628101353/http://thelillyawards.org/annual-awards-ceremony/2016-awards/|archivedate=June 28, 2017|work=The Lilly Awards|accessdate=1 November 2016}}</ref> |- |[[Drama Desk Award|Ihe nrite Drama Desk]] |Ihe nrite Sam Norkin|| {{Won}} |<ref>{{Cite web|title=Photos|url=http://dramadeskawards.com/nominees|work=dramadeskawards.com|accessdate=1 November 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160225151924/http://dramadeskawards.com/nominees|archivedate=25 February 2016}}</ref> |- |Ihe nrite Lucille Lortel |Egwuregwu Pụrụ Iche|| {{Nom}} |<ref>{{Cite web|title=awards recipients|url=http://www.lortelaward.com/31st_Lortel_Winners_Announcement.pdf|work=lortelaward.com|accessdate=6 January 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161229075043/http://www.lortelaward.com/31st_Lortel_Winners_Announcement.pdf|archivedate=December 29, 2016}}</ref> |- |TCG Gala |Ekele|| {{Won}} |<ref>{{Cite web|author=BWW News Desk|title=Tamara Tunie to Host TCG's 2016 Gala; BELLA: AN AMERICAN TALL TALE Will Perform|url=http://www.broadwayworld.com/article/Tamara-Tunie-to-Host-TCGs-2016-Gala-BELLA-AN-AMERICAN-TALL-TALE-Will-Perform-20161026|work=BroadwayWorld.com|accessdate=6 January 2017}}</ref> |- |ImageNation Revolution Awards |Ihe nrite Revolution maka nka magburu onwe ya|| {{Won}} |<ref>{{Cite web|title=@ImageNationUS Celebrates the 2016 Revolution Awards 1001 The Heat.com|url=http://1001theheat.com/imagenationus-celebrates-the-2016-revolution-awards/|work=1001theheat.com|accessdate=6 January 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181118175340/http://1001theheat.com/imagenationus-celebrates-the-2016-revolution-awards/|archivedate=November 18, 2018}}</ref> |- |Onyinye Outer Critics Circle |Egwuregwu Ọhụrụ Dị ịrịba ama Off-Broadway |''Onye Amụma''|| {{Nom}} | |- |Black Girls Rock! Ihe nrite |Onye Na-eme Ememe Ike kpakpando |Ya onwe ya|| {{Won}} |<ref>{{Cite web|title=Awards|url=http://www.bet.com/shows/black-girls-rock/awards.html|work=BET.com|accessdate=6 January 2017|archive-date=30 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180330015319/https://www.bet.com/shows/black-girls-rock/awards.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> |- |2017 | rowspan="3" |Ihe nrite Saturn |Onye na-eme ihe nkiri kachasị mma na usoro ihe nkiri telivishọn |''Ndị Nwụrụ Anwụ Na-agagharị''|| {{Nom}} |<ref>{{Cite web|title=The Academy of Science Fiction Fantasy and Horror Films|url=http://www.saturnawards.org/|work=www.saturnawards.org|accessdate=2 March 2017}}</ref> |- | rowspan="5" |2018 |Onye Nkwado Kasị Mma |''Black Panther''|| {{Won}} | rowspan="2" |<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://variety.com/2018/film/news/saturn-awards-nominations-2018-black-panther-walking-dead-1202727752/|title='Black Panther,' 'Walking Dead' Rule Saturn Awards Nominations|author=McNary|first=Dave|work=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]|date=March 15, 2018|accessdate=March 15, 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180316023438/http://variety.com/2018/film/news/saturn-awards-nominations-2018-black-panther-walking-dead-1202727752/|archivedate=March 16, 2018}}</ref> |- |Onye na-eme ihe nkiri kachasị mma na usoro ihe nkiri telivishọn |''Ndị Nwụrụ Anwụ Na-agagharị''|| {{Nom}} |- | rowspan="2" |Ihe nrite ihe nkiri MTV |Ndị otu kachasị mma na ihuenyo |''Black Panther''|| {{Nom}} | |- |Agha Kasị Mma |''Ndị Avengers: Agha Na-adịghị Agwụ Agwụ''|| {{Nom}} | |- |Onyinye Nhọrọ Ndị Mmadụ |Onye na-eme ihe nkiri nke 2018 |''Black Panther''|| {{Won}} | |- | rowspan="3" |2019 |Ihe nrite Black Reel |Onye Nkwado Na-eme Ihe nkiri | rowspan="2" |''Black Panther''|| {{Nom}} |<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://blackreelawards.com/black-panther-roars/|title=Black Panther "Roars!"|date=2018-12-13|work=Black Reel Awards|language=en-US|accessdate=2019-02-12|archivedate=2021-08-18|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210818185424/http://blackreelawards.com/black-panther-roars/}}</ref> |- |Ihe nrite nke ndị na-eme ihe nkiri |Ihe ngosi pụrụ iche nke onye na-eme ihe nkiri na ihe nkiri |{{Won}} |<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://variety.com/2019/film/awards/2019-sag-awards-winners-list-1203119846/|title=SAG Awards Winners: Complete List|date=2019-01-28|work=Variety|language=en|accessdate=2019-02-12}}</ref> |- |Ihe nrite Saturn |Onye na-eme ihe nkiri kachasị mma na usoro ihe nkiri telivishọn |''Ndị Nwụrụ Anwụ Na-agagharị'' |{{Won}} |<ref>{{Cite web|author=Mancuso|first=Vinnie|title='Avengers: Endgame', 'Game of Thrones' Lead the 2019 Saturn Awards Nominations|url=https://collider.com/saturn-awards-nominations-2019/|work=Collider|accessdate=16 July 2019|date=16 July 2019}}</ref> |} == Edemsibịa == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 4mjait1xyhqm3zbv6aeolepjehuo3k3 0 16331 727599 627842 2026-09-24T11:55:07Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727599 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Category:Articles with hCards]] '''Doa Aly''' (amụrụ n'afọ 1976) bụ onye Egypt na-ese ihe. == Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ == A mụrụ ya na 1976, na Cairo, Egypt.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Gypsum Gallery|url=http://gypsumgallery.com/bio-da/|accessdate=7 March 2015|archivedate=18 October 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181018213922/http://gypsumgallery.com/bio-da/}}</ref> Ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ na Faculty of Fine Arts na Mahadum Helwan na Cairo, wee nweta nzere Bachelor of Fine Arts ya na nka na ihe osise n'afọ 2001.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.temporaryartplatform.com/#!commissioned-artists/c230m|work=Temporary Art Platform|title=Commissioned Artists}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=Enrico|title=Doa Aly Studio Visit, Cairo (Egypt)|url=http://vernissage.tv/2014/05/26/doa-aly-studio-visit-cairo-egypt/|work=Vernissage.tv|publisher=Vernissage|accessdate=7 March 2015}}</ref> == Ọrụ == Ọrụ Aly gụnyere ihe osise, ihe osise.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Fayed|first=Ismail|title=Dissecting Ovid: A review of Doa Aly’s 'The House of Sleep'|url=http://www.madamasr.com/sections/culture/dissecting-ovid-review-doa-aly%E2%80%99s-house-sleep|accessdate=7 March 2015|publisher=Mada Masr|date=12 February 2014}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.cairoscene.com/EventDetails.aspx?Eid=5131|title=The House of Sleep by Doa Aly|work=CairoScene.com|accessdate=7 March 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304105529/http://www.cairoscene.com/EventDetails.aspx?Eid=5131|archivedate=4 March 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title='Desire, Deceit & Difficult Deliveries' by Doa Aly at Townhouse Gallery|url=http://www.cairo360.com/article/artsandculture/5609/townhouse-gallery-desire-and-deceit-and-difficult-deliveries-by-doa-aly|work=Cairo360.com|accessdate=7 March 2015}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=Anna|first=Seaman|title=Giant drill bit among public art unveiled in Dubai's heritage area|url=http://www.thenational.ae/arts-lifestyle/artists/giant-drill-bit-among-public-art-unveiled-in-dubais-heritage-area|work=TheNational.ae|publisher=The National|accessdate=7 March 2015|archive-date=2 April 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402191732/http://www.thenational.ae/arts-lifestyle/artists/giant-drill-bit-among-public-art-unveiled-in-dubais-heritage-area|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ọrụ ya sitere na mkpali nke "mmasị na nke ọdịdị mmadụ, akwụkwọ ochie, na ịgba egwú oge ochie".<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.jadaliyya.com/pages/index/18960/studio-visit-with-doa-aly-|work=Jadaliyya.com|title=Studio Visit with Doa Aly|accessdate=7 March 2015}}</ref> Ọrụ ya apụtala na gallery na Middle East, Africa, na Europe. Ihe ngosi mbụ ya nke ihe osise ya bụ Pixel Series na Mashrabia Gallery na Cairo, otu n'ime ụlọ ngosi mbụ nwere onwe ya na Cairo.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Mashrabia Gallery|url=http://www.lonelyplanet.com/egypt/cairo/sights/museums-galleries/mashrabia-gallery|work=LonelyPlanet.com|publisher=Lonely Planet|accessdate=7 March 2015}}</ref> E mere ihe ngosi nke mbụ ya na Europe na Paris, France, na 2007 na Gallery Kamel Mennour .<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.artnews.org/kamelmennour/?exi=7641&Kamel_Mennour&Doa_Aly|title=Doa Aly|work=Artnews.org|accessdate=2022-06-20|archivedate=2016-06-17|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160617153121/http://artnews.org/kamelmennour/?exi=7641&Kamel_Mennour&Doa_Aly}}</ref> Ọrụ ya apụtala dị ka akụkụ nke ihe ngosi na ememme na Dakar Biennale na Senegal, ebe ngosi ihe mgbe ochie Tate Modern na London, na Turkey's Istanbul Biennial.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Art Alert: Exhibition at Cairo's Townhouse tackles desire and body image|url=http://english.ahram.org.eg/News/70951.aspx|accessdate=7 March 2015|publisher=AhramOnline (Al-Ahram)|date=8 May 2013}}</ref> Ọ bụ onye na-ese ihe na-ebi na oghere nka nke oge a nke Makan, na Amman, Jọdan.<ref>{{Cite book|author=Mejcher-Atassi|first=Sonja|title=Archives, Museums and Collecting Practices in the Modern Arab World|date=August 2012|publisher=Ashgate|isbn=9781409446163|url=http://www.ashgate.com/default.aspx?page=637&calcTitle=1&isbn=9781409446163&lang=cy-GB|accessdate=7 March 2015}}</ref> E gosipụtara Aly na ihe nkiri ụmụ akwụkwọ Some Movements for Web Camera, nke enyere onyinye site n'aka National Film School of Denmark.<ref>{{Cite book|author=Hjort|first=Mette|title=The Education of the Filmmaker in Africa, the Middle East, and the Americas|date=August 2013|publisher=Palgrave Macmillan|isbn=9781137032683|url=http://www.palgrave.com/page/detail/the-education-of-the-filmmaker-in-africa-the-middle-east-and-the-americas-mette-hjort/?K=9781137032683|accessdate=7 March 2015}}</ref> == Ebensidee == {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Aly, Doa}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 5je6c4l86xlmoqo88aaq2tdbhyfw409 0 16539 727432 210880 2026-09-23T16:15:16Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727432 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Assil Diab''' (اصيل دياب) bụ onye Sudanese na-ese ihe nkiri, onye na-ese eserese na onye odee, nke bi na [[Njikọ̀taọ̀hà|United States]]. A mụrụ ya na [[Romania]]. O wee soro ndị mụrụ ya kwaga Qatar mgbe ọ bụ nwata. Assil gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU) na 2011 na Richmond, Virginia na USA ebe o nwetara nzere Bachelor of Fine Arts Degree na Graphics Design. N'afọ 2021, ọ natara onyinye 10 Under 10 ma bụrụ onye a ma ama dị ka otu n'ime ndị gụsịrị akwụkwọ na VCU10 kachasị elu n'ime afọ iri gara aga maka ihe ndị ọ rụzuru n'ọrụ ya na obodo. Kemgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ, ọ na-arụ ọrụ dị ka onye na-ese ihe osise na onye na-ede ihe osise, na-emepụta akara ngosi na akara maka ụlọ ọrụ yana inye ya ọrụ ise mgbidi ụlọ oriri na ọṅụṅụ, kọfị, ụlọ ahịa na azụmaahịa. N'afọ 2020, o ritere ihe nrite mgbasa ozi site na UNESCO na i4policy maka mkpọsa nka n'okporo ámá nke ọ malitere na coronavirus na Sudan. Ọ bụkwa onye nnọchi anya ọdịbendị a na-asọpụrụ na Qatar Museums kemgbe 2018 ruo taa. Na mgbakwunye na ihe osise na mgbidi Sudan na Qatar, egosila ihe osise Assil na Bahrain, Germany, Bangladesh, na USA. E bipụtakwala ọrụ ya n'akwụkwọ, nke gụnyere Artisans of the Middle East na China. N'afọ 2019, ọ laghachiri Khartoum ma bụrụ onye a maara maka ihe osise ya na-asọpụrụ ụmụ amaala Sudan, ndị e gburu n'oge mgbanwe Sudan.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p07hhp3z|title=The graffiti artist honouring Sudan's protest victims|work=Newsday|publisher=BBC World Service|language=en-GB|accessdate=2020-02-19}}</ref> == Afọ ndị mbụ na agụmakwụkwọ == N'oge ọ bụ nwata, ezinụlọ ya kwagara Qatar. Ọ gara Mahadum Virginia Commonwealth na Qatar na Richmond, Virginia, USA, wee gụsịa akwụkwọ na 2011 na Bachelor of Fine Arts na eserese eserese.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|url=https://oladiab.com/2018/03/08/21-young-sudanese-women-you-should-know-about/|title=20 Young Sudanese Women You Should Know About|date=2018-03-08|work=Ola Diab|language=en|accessdate=2020-02-19|archivedate=2021-06-16|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210616032531/https://oladiab.com/2018/03/08/21-young-sudanese-women-you-should-know-about/}}</ref> O nwekwara diplọma na Digital Marketing na Advanced Social Media Marketing.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=Assil Diab|url=https://www.qatar.vcu.edu/people/assil-diab|author=VCUQatar|work=www.qatar.vcu.edu|language=en|accessdate=2020-02-19}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite web|title=Assil Diab: Being an Arab Muslim female painting the streets is not always applauded|url=https://sheleadsafrica.org/assil-diab/|author=Muzawazi|first=Rumbie|date=2017-09-11|work=She Leads Africa|language=en-US|accessdate=2020-02-19}}</ref> == Ọrụ nka == Diab na-arụ ọrụ dị ka onye na-ese ihe osise n'onwe ya na onye na-ede ihe osise. A na-akpọ ya nwanyị mbụ na-ese ihe na Qatar na Sudan.<ref name=":3" /> Tupu ọ banye n'ọrụ onwe ya dị ka onye na-ese , ọ rụrụ ọrụ na Doha Film Institute (DFI) na Al Jazeera Children's Channel. N'afọ 2019, ọ laghachiri Sudan, ebe ọ malitere ọrụ nka iji sọpụrụ ụmụ amaala Sudan na-eme ngagharị iwe, ndị nwụrụ n'oge mgbanwe [[Sudan]]. Maka ọrụ a, o mepụtara mgbidi nke ndị ahụ nwụrụ na mgbidi nke ụlọ ezinụlọ ha.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.voanews.com/africa/sudan-graffiti-artist-honors-anti-government-protest-victims|title=Sudan Graffiti Artist Honors Anti-Government Protest Victims|work=Voice of America|language=en|accessdate=2020-02-19|archive-date=2021-08-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210810162427/https://www.voanews.com/africa/sudan-graffiti-artist-honors-anti-government-protest-victims|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.themantle.com/arts-and-culture/sudans-artists-revolution-0|title=Sudan's Artists of the Revolution {{!}} The Mantle|work=www.themantle.com|accessdate=2020-02-19|archivedate=2020-09-20|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200920201956/https://themantle.com/arts-and-culture/sudans-artists-revolution-0}}</ref> == Ihe ngosi == * LAS Charity Fashion Show na ihe ngosi nka pop nke Assil Diab - Grand Regal Hotel (2013) * Mahadum Virginia Commonwealth na Qatar<ref name=":3" /> * Iwalewahaus Gallery na Bayreuth, Germany (2017) * Red Bull's Artspace na Bahrain, nke a na-akpọ ŌMALJā (2015 na 2016) [citation needed] * Ememme Karmakol na Sudan (2017) == Hụkwa == * Ihe osise nke Sudan == Ebensidee == {{Reflist}} == Ọgụgụ ọzọ == * {{Cite book|author=Zoghbi|first=Pascal|url=https://www.worldcat.org/title/arabic-graffiti-ghirafiti-arabiyah/oclc/818463305|title=Arabic graffiti = Ghirāfītī ʻArabīyah|date=2013|publisher=From Here to Fame|isbn=978-3-937946-45-0|location=Berlin|oclc=818463305}} == Njikọ mpụga == * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3j-Gqc_ZFP8 ''Assil Diab - onye na-ese ihe osise'' (video YouTube na Arabic, na ndepụta okwu Bekee)] * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZavD5GU-fa4 "Meet The People Of Qatar" ihe omume 09 - Assil Diab (YouTube video na Bekee)] * ''[https://web.archive.org/web/20220524210956/https://www.usip.org/blog/2020/11/how-art-helped-propel-sudans-revolution Otu nka si]'' enyere aka na Sudan Revolution magazine isiokwu banyere ndị na-ese ihe na-arụsi ọrụ ike na Sudanese Revolution [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] n0p4bhm6t60wb3vrmk3bh3wk1x8asil 0 17199 727512 87861 2026-09-24T04:53:37Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727512 wikitext text/x-wiki  {{Databox}} [[Category:Articles with hCards]] '''Campbell Cotts''' (21 Eprel 1902 - 19 Febụwarị 1964) bụ onye na-eme ihe nkiri na telivishọn nke a mụrụ na Cape Colony.<ref>Chibnall p.334</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.bfi.org.uk/films-tv-people/4ce2ba9fe6fc8|title=Campbell Cotts|access-date=2022-06-23|archive-date=2017-09-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170905083429/http://www.bfi.org.uk/films-tv-people/4ce2ba9fe6fc8|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://theatricalia.com/person/s5r/campbell-cotts|title=Campbell Cotts – Theatricalia|work=theatricalia.com}}</ref> Onye bụbu onye ọka iwu na onye na-ede uri, Cotts gụrụ akwụkwọ na Cambridge ma lụọ agha n'agha ụwa nke abụọ, nweta ọkwa nke 1st Lieutenant na Black Watch (Royal Highland Regiment).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.abebooks.com/book-search/title/surrender-to-dreams/author/campbell-mitchell-cotts/|title=Surrender to Dreams by Campbell Mitchell Cotts – AbeBooks|work=abebooks.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.thepeerage.com/p5298.htm|title=Person Page|work=thepeerage.com}}</ref> Ọrụ ime ihe nkiri ya gụnyere ịpụta na Broadway n'ihu Katharine Hepburn na mweghachi nke Shaw's The Millionairess na Shubert Theatre na 1952.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ibdb.com/broadway-production/the-millionairess-2344|title=The Millionairess – Broadway Play – 1952 Revival – IBDB|first=The Broadway|author=League|work=ibdb.com}}</ref> == Ihe nkiri ndị a họọrọ == * Aha bụ Spur (1947) * ''Nnụnụ Brass'' (1948) * ''Ihe oyiyi nke Paris'' (1948) * ''Trottie'' True (1949) * ''Kwụsị Nwanyị Na-ebipụta'' Akwụkwọ (1949) * ''Ezigbo Maazị Prohack'' (1949) * ''Ezumike Ikpeazụ'' (1950) * ''Mmụọ ozi'' na opi (1950) * M na Ha (1951) * ''Oge nke 13'' (1952) * ''Barbados Quest'' (1955) * Mmadụ Atọ n'Ime Ụgbọ Mmiri (1956) * ''Naanị Ohere m'' (1957) * Ndị Ezi Enyi (1957) == Ebensidee == {{Reflist}} == Akwụkwọ == * Steve Chibnall J. Lee Thompson. Manchester University Press, 2000 == Njikọ mpụga == * {{IMDb name|0183195}} * Campbell Cotts at the Internet Broadway Database {{s-start}} {{s-reg|uk-bt}} {{s-bef|before=[[William Cotts]]}} {{s-ttl|title=[[Cotts baronets|Baronet]]<br>'''(of Coldharbour Wood)'''|years=1932–1964}} {{s-aft|after=Robert Cotts}} {{s-end}} sgpc457wpfvd3qx5uwo866fzl0m0sc0 0 17484 727390 148130 2026-09-23T12:06:46Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727390 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Allan Rohan''' Crite (ubochí irí abụọ n'ọnwa Machị, 1910 rụo ụbọchị isii n'ọnwa Septemba, 2007) bụ ónyé na-ese ihe n'Afrịka America nke bi na Boston. O meriri ọtụtụ nsọpụrụ, dị ka 350th Harvard University Anniversary Medal.<ref name="harvard">{{Cite web|url=http://www.dce.harvard.edu/pubs/alum/1998/04.html|publisher=[[Harvard Extension School]]|work=Alumni Bulletin|title=Allan Crite at Home|year=1998|accessdate=March 20, 2008|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080421043231/http://www.dce.harvard.edu/pubs/alum/1998/04.html|archivedate=April 21, 2008}}</ref> == Akụkọ ndụ == A mụrụ Crite na North Plainfield, New Jersey, na Machị 20, 1910.<ref name="historymakers">{{Cite web|url=http://www.thehistorymakers.com/biography/biography.asp?bioindex=81|title=Allan Crite Biography|work=The HistoryMakers|accessdate=March 20, 2008|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070213002647/http://www.thehistorymakers.com/biography/biography.asp?bioindex=81|archivedate=February 13, 2007}}</ref> Ezinụlọ ahụ kwagara Massachusetts ma site na otu afọ ruo ọnwụ ya Crite bìrì na South End nke Boston. Nne Crite, Annamae, bụ ónyé na-ede uri nkè gbara nwa ya nwoke ume ise ihe. N'igosi nkwa mgbè ọ dị obere, ọ debanyere aha na Children's Art Centre na United South End Settlements na Boston ma gụsịrị akwụkwọ na English High School na 1929. Nnà ya, Oscar William Crite, bụ dọkịta na injinia, otu n'ime ndị isi ojii mbụ nwetara ikikere injinia.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://www.aaa.si.edu/collections/interviews/oral-history-interview-allan-rohan-crite-11458|title=Oral history interview with Allan Rohan Crite, 1979 January 16-1980 October 22|author=|first=|date=September 19, 2002|work=Smithsonian Institution, Archives of American Art|accessdate=}}</ref> Ọ bụ ezie na a nabatara ya na Yale School of Art, ọ họọrọ ịga School of the Museum of Fine Arts na Boston ma gụsịrị akwụkwọ na 1936.<ref name="boston">{{Cite news|work=[[Boston Globe]]|url=http://www.boston.com/news/globe/obituaries/articles/2007/09/08/allan_rohan_crite_97_dean_of_ne_african_american_artists/|date=November 8, 2007|accessdate=March 20, 2008|first=Mark|author=Feeney|title=Allan Rohan Crite, 97, dean of N.E. African-American artists|archive-date=May 22, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110522214146/http://www.boston.com/news/globe/obituaries/articles/2007/09/08/allan_rohan_crite_97_dean_of_ne_african_american_artists/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Nkwado bịara n'oge. E gosipụtara ọrụ ya na mbụ na Museum of Modern Art nkè New York na 1936.<ref name="boston"/> Crite gara Harvard Extension School, ebe o nwetara nzèrè BA na 1968.<ref name="phillipsbio">{{Cite web|url=http://www.phillipscollection.org/american_art/bios/crite-bio.htm|publisher=[[Phillips Collection]]|title=Allan Rohan Crite|accessdate=March 20, 2008|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071013004004/http://www.phillipscollection.org/american_art/bios/crite-bio.htm|archivedate=October 13, 2007}}</ref> == Ihe osise == [[Usòrò:American-cities-145.jpg|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|Douglass Square, Boston, nke Allan Crite. Mmanụ. 20" x 24". 1936. Ọ bụ Federal Arts Project nyere ya iwu.]] Crite nwèrè olile anya igosi ndụ ndị Africa America bi na Boston n'ụzọ ọhụrụ na nke dị iche: dị ka ụmụ amaala nkịtị ma ọ bụ "ndị nọ n'etiti" karịa ndị na-eti egwu jazz ma ọ bụ ndị na-ekere òkè.<ref name=":0"/><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://americanart.si.edu/collections/search/artist/?id=1047|title=Allan Rohan Crite|work=Smithsonian American Art Museum|language=en|accessdate=March 11, 2017}}</ref><ref name="phillipsbio"/> Site na nka ya, o bu n'obi ịkọ akụkọ ndị Africa America dị ka akụkụ nke ihe ndị America na eziokwu ya.<ref name="phillipsbio" /> Site n'iji ụdị nnọchiteanya karịa nke ógè a, Crite chere na ọ nwèrè ike "ịkọ akụkọ" nke ọma ma weghara eziokwu nke ndị Africa America bụ akụkụ ma na-abụkarị nke a na-amaghị.<ref name="phillipsbio" /><ref name=":0" /> == Akwụkwọ == Akwụkwọ ndị Crite sere ihe na-agụnye:<ref name="petrucci">{{Cite web|url=https://pffcollection.com/artists/allan-rohan-crite/|accessdate=August 26, 2020|title=Allan Rohan Crite, 1910-2007, Works in the Collection|work=Petrucci Family Foundation}}</ref> * ''Ị nọ ebe ahụ mgbe ha kpọgidere Onyenwe m n'obe. Onye Negro nke Ime Anụ Ihe Osise'' (Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 1944) * ''Ebube'' niile: Brush na-ese ntụgharị uche na Ekpere nke Nraranye (Cambridge, Massachusetts: Society of Saint John the Evangelist, 1947) * Three Spirituals from Earth to Heaven (1948), ebe o gosipụtara akụkọ okpukpe sitere na ''ndị mmụọ'' Africa-America dị ka "Swing Low Sweet Chariot" na "O nweghị onye maara nsogbu m hụ" == Ihe ngosi == Ihe ngosi ndị dị mkpà nke Crite gụnyere:<ref name="AAR">{{Cite web|url=https://aaregistry.org/story/allan-crite-an-innovative-painter/|title=Allan Crite, an innovative painter|work=The African American Registry|accessdate=August 26, 2020}}</ref> * Ihe ngosi nke Harmon Foundation n'afọ 1920 * 1930s Museum of Modern Art, New York * 1936 Ụlọ ngosi nka Corcoran, Washington, D.C. * 1939 Ebe Ngosi Ihe Mgbe Ochie nke Boston * 1978 Boston Athenaeum * 1999 Frye Art Museum, Seattle<ref name="linner">{{Cite news|work=National Catholic Reporter|accessdate=August 26, 2020|url=http://natcath.org/NCR_Online/archives2/2007d/121407/121407r.htm|date=December 14, 2007|first=Rachelle|author=Linner|title=The Spirit of the Spiritual}}</ref> E gosipụtara ọrụ ya n'usoro ihe ngosi a haziri ahazi na 2007-08, na Boston Public Library, Boston Athenaeum, na Museum of the National Center of Afro-American Artists.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.bpl.org/crite2.pdf|title=The life and art of Allan Rohan Crite: 1910-2007|publisher=[[Boston Public Library]]|accessdate=March 21, 2008|date=November 17, 2007|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071220145949/http://www.bpl.org/crite2.pdf|archivedate=December 20, 2007}}</ref> == Ihe edeturu == {{Reflist|2}} == Njikọ mpụga == * "School's Out" na Smithsonian American Art Museum * [https://web.archive.org/web/20210513060340/http://dla.library.upenn.edu/dla/pacscl/detail.html?id=PACSCL_SMREP_AAMP08 Akwụkwọ] mkpesa Allan Rohan na African American Museum na Philadelphia {{Authority control}} i6ze3nxzy205mnr9qigbudhda1hzlre 0 17832 727587 621492 2026-09-24T10:59:54Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727587 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Deborah Maria Luisa Moore''' (amụrụ na 27 Ọktoba 1963) bụ ọnye England na-eme ihe nkírí. Ọ bụ nwa nwanyị nke onye na-eme ihe nkírí Roger Moore na ónyé na-ese ihe nkírí Itali Luisa Mattioli.<ref name="Bullseye">{{Cite news|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=2199&dat=19891226&id=sNsxAAAAIBAJ&sjid=U-UFAAAAIBAJ&pg=6562,5417954&hl=en|title=For Roger Moore, 'Bullseye' is like family reunion|work=Lawrence Journal-World|date=December 26, 1989|accessdate=21 September 2016|author=Wolf, Matt}}</ref> == Ọrụ == O mèrè nke mbụ ya na TV dị ka nwatakịrị na The Persuaders! ihe omume "The Long Goodbye" nke nnà ya na Tony Curtis na-eme ihe nkiri, na mbido ọrụ ya, a na-akpọkarị ya "Deborah Barrymore".<ref name="Bullseye"/> ''Ọ'' pụtara na ihe nkírí ndị dị ka Lionheart (1987), Alien Terminator (1988), 1990 comedy, Bullseye! (''n'ihu'' nna ya), ''Chaplin'' (1992), Into the Sun (1992), na ''South Kensington'' (2001).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.allmovie.com/artist/deborah-moore-p147018|title=Deborah Moore &#124; Movies and Filmography|work=AllMovie}}</ref> O yikarịrị ka a maara ya nke ọma na UK dị ka ihu nke mkpọsa mgbasa ozi Scottish Widows site na 1986 ruo 1995 mgbè Amanda Lamb nọchiri ya. O mechara were aha Deborah Moore. Ọ pụtara ugboro abụọ na mmepụta James Bond. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ odeakwụkwọ na 1989 biopic ''Goldeneye'': The Secret Life of Ian Fleming ma mesịa pụta dị ka ónyé na-elekọta ụgbọ elu na 2002 Bond film, Die Another Day, nke bụ ihe nkírí Bond nke anọ na nke ikpeazụ nke Pierce Brosnan.<ref name="Eden 2009">{{Cite news|first=Tim|author=Walker|title=Deborah Moore requests licence to kill James Bond|work=[[The Daily Telegraph]]|date=December 1, 2009|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/film/jamesbond/6702465/Deborah-Moore-requests-licence-to-kill-James-Bond.html|accessdate=September 21, 2016}}</ref> Ọ pụtakwara na ihe nkiri TV nke 1998 ''Merlin'': The Quest Begins, n'ihu Jason Connery, nwa nke onye bụbu Bond Sean Connery.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bfi.org.uk/films-tv-people/4ce2b854beb9b|title=Merlin (1998)|work=BFI|access-date=2022-07-02|archive-date=2018-12-31|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181231100323/http://www.bfi.org.uk/films-tv-people/4ce2b854beb9b|url-status=dead}}</ref> Nna nna ya bụ ónyé na-eme ihe nkiri Robert Brown, ónyé nna ya na-eme na usoro telivishọn ''Ivanhoe'' na ihe nkírí Bond atọ. == Ihe nkiri == * ''Ndị agha nke'' Apocalypse (1985) * ''Obi ọdụm'' (1987) * ''Onye'' Ọgwụ Ala Ọzọ (1988) June * Goldeneye: Ndụ Nzuzo nke Ian Fleming (1989) * Bullseye! (1990) * ''N'ime Anyanwụ'' (1992) Goode * ''Chaplin'' (1992) Lita Grey * ''N'Ala Dị Iche'' Ndụ (1996) * Midnight Man (1997) Anya Hannah Bernstein * ''South Kensington'' (2001) Ọchịchị Bulgaria * ''Nwụrụ Ụbọchị Ọzọ'' (2002) * ''A na-akpasu'' ya iwe (2006) * ''Anyị Ka Na-ezu Ụzọ Ochie'' (2017) == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Moore, Deborah}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 3e6ffml3dwxl59176vfl1k9wqpixwog 0 17889 727519 720608 2026-09-24T05:28:22Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727519 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Cassius Marcellus Clay''' (November 11, 1912 February 8, 1990) bụ ónyé America na-ese ihe na ónyé na-eti egwu. Ọ bụ nna nke onye mmeri ụwa ugboro atọ Muhammad Ali na Rahman Ali, na nna nna Laila Ali. Ọ lụrụ Odessa Lee O'Grady na 1934 ma rụọ ọrụ dị ka onye na-ese ihe. A kọwara ya dị ka "ónyé mara mma, onye na-eme ihe ike, ónyé na'eme mkpọtụ, onye na - na-arọ nrọ" na "ónyé na-aṅụbiga mmanya ókè, onye na na-achụ papa".<ref>{{Cite news|first=Robert|author=Lipsyte|title=I Don't Have to Be What You Want Me to Be|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1971/03/07/archives/-i-dont-have-to-be-what-you-want-me-to-be-says-muhammad-ali.html|work=[[The New York Times]]|date=March 7, 1971|accessdate=2009-09-04}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=Ali|url=http://observer.guardian.co.uk/osm/story/0,6903,1072708,00.html|work=[[The Guardian]]|date=November 2, 2003|accessdate=2009-09-04}}</ref> Nwa ya nwoke Muhammad Ali kọwara ya dị ka "onye na-agba egwú kachasị mma na Louisville".<ref>{{Cite book|author=Lee Eisenberg|title=Fifty who made the difference|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=h2ZmAAAAMAAJ&q=%22Cassius+Marcellus+Clay,+Sr.%22|isbn=0-394-53912-5|authorlink=Lee Eisenberg|date=September 1984}}</ref> == Akụkọ ndụ == A mụrụ Clay na Jefferson County, Kentucky, nwá Herman H. Clay (March 1876 February 1, 1954) na Edith E. Greathouse (December 1889 December 30, 1972).<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.wargs.com/other/ali.html|title=Ancestry of Muhammad Ali|accessdate=2007-10-18|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071022045918/http://wargs.com/other/ali.html|archivedate=2007-10-22}}</ref> A gụrụ ya aha iji sọpụrụ ónyé ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Republican nke narị afọ nke iri na itoolu na ónyé na-akwado abolitionist, Cassius Marcellus Clay. O nwere nwanne nwanyị na ụmụnne nwoke anọ, gụnyere Nathaniel Clay.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Barber Can Relax Hair|url=http://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives?p_product=PI&s_site=philly&p_multi=PI&p_theme=realcities&p_action=search&p_maxdocs=200&p_topdoc=1&p_text_direct-0=0EB32F2545452CEB&p_field_direct-0=document_id&p_perpage=10&p_sort=YMD_date:D&s_trackval=GooglePM|work=[[The Philadelphia Inquirer]]|date=October 15, 1997|accessdate=2009-09-04|archive-date=2012-10-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121025011348/http://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives?p_product=PI&s_site=philly&p_multi=PI&p_theme=realcities&p_action=search&p_maxdocs=200&p_topdoc=1&p_text_direct-0=0EB32F2545452CEB&p_field_direct-0=document_id&p_perpage=10&p_sort=YMD_date:D&s_trackval=GooglePM|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="Timesobit" /> Nne na nna nna Clay bụ John Clay na Sallie Anne Clay. Nwanne ya nwanyị Eva kwuru na Sallie bụ nwa afọ [[Madagascar]].<ref>Egerton (1991), p. 134</ref> Dabere na nyocha DNA, nnè nnè Muhammad Ali bụ nwa nwa Archer Alexander (1815-1880) . Clay sere bọọdụ mgbasa ozi na ihe ịrịba ama.<ref name="time">{{Cite news|title=The Dream|url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,896687,00.html|quote=But the Clays have been there for six generations—ever since their ancestors worked first as slaves, then as farm laborers on the plantation of Cassius Marcellus Clay, who was Lincoln's Minister to Russia.|work=[[Time magazine]]|date=March 22, 1963|accessdate=2009-09-04|archive-date=2013-08-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130824040909/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,896687,00.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ọ na-akpọkwa piano, na-amụta piano ma dee egwu. N'ihe dị ka 1933, ọ lụrụ Odessa Lee O'Grady.<ref>{{Cite news|first=John|author=Egerton|title=Ali's Kentucky Roots|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1980/09/28/archives/heritage-of-a-heavyweight-alis-kentucky-roots.html|work=[[The New York Times]]|date=September 28, 1980|accessdate=2009-09-04}}</ref> Ọ bụ ónyé na-aṅụbiga mmanya ókè, nke dugara na mgbagwoju anya iwu màkà ịkwọ ụgbọala na-enweghị uche, omume aghara aghara, na mwakpo na batrị.<ref name="SI">{{Cite news|title=Growing Up Scared in Louisville|url=http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/vault/article/magazine/MAG1078435/index.htm|quote=More than once Odessa Clay had her husband brought into court for roughing her up. Cassius Sr. was also arrested for reckless driving, disorderly conduct and assault and battery, always after he had been drinking.... [He] "isn't a criminal or even an evil man. He's just a frustrated little guy who can't drink. He never served any time and he never will."|work=[[Sports Illustrated]]|date=April 18, 1966|accessdate=2009-09-04|archive-date=2014-01-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140127091423/http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/vault/article/magazine/MAG1078435/index.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref> Mgbè a jụrụ ya na 1970 ihe mere na ọ ghọghị onye Alakụba dịka nwa ya nwoke mèrè, o kwuru, sị: "okpukpe m bụ nkà m, nke na-akwado m. "<ref>{{Cite news|title=Words of the week|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kDcDAAAAMBAJ&q=non+denomoinational&pg=PA32|work=[[Jet magazine]]|date=November 12, 1970|publisher=Johnson Publishing Company|accessdate=2009-09-04}}</ref> Clay nwụrụ mgbè ọ dị afọ 77 na Febụwarị 8, 1990, mgbè ọ nwesịrị nkụchi obi mgbè ọ na-ahapụ ụlọ ahịa ngalaba na Kentucky.<ref name="Timesobit">{{Cite news|title=Cassius Marcellus Clay., Former Champion's Father, 77|url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9C0CEFDA1230F933A25751C0A966958260|work=[[Associated Press]] in [[The New York Times]]|date=February 10, 1990|accessdate=2009-09-04}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9C0CEFDA1230F933A25751C0A966958260 "Cassius Marcellus Clay., Former Champion's Father, 77"]. ''[[Ụlọ ọrụ mgbasa ozi|Associated Press]] in [[The New York Times]]''. February 10, 1990<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2009-09-04</span></span>.</cite></ref> == Ihe Nketa == Arthur Adams gosipụtara Clay na ihe nkírí 1977 The Greatest na Giancarlo Esposito na ihe nkírí 2001 nke a họpụtara na Oscar ''Ali'' .<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0248667/fullcredits#cast|title=Ali (2001)|accessdate=2009-09-04|work=[[The Internet Movie Database]]|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090213114113/http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0248667/fullcredits#cast|archivedate=2009-02-13}}</ref> == Edensibia == {{Reflist|30em}} ao6tz9u85q3o76heuwh5906qwa4puf7 0 18032 727565 88090 2026-09-24T08:57:43Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727565 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Justin Booth''' bụ ónyé Los Angeles, California.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Count Justice - Making of: Chris Brown - New Flame Feat. Usher & Rick Ross|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XRUty4KzPOc|publisher=RNBASS.com|accessdate=25 January 2016}}</ref> Ọ bụ ónyé na-ede egwu, onye na-emepụta ihe na ónyé injinia nke mepụtara egwu maka Chris Brown, Alesha Dixon, Sevyn Streeter, Nappy Roots na Lil Mama.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Chris Brown - New Flame (single)|url=https://itunes.apple.com/gb/album/new-flame-feat.-usher-rick/id893384015|work=itunes.apple.com|accessdate=22 January 2016|archive-date=4 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304003300/https://itunes.apple.com/gb/album/new-flame-feat.-usher-rick/id893384015|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Alesha Dixon - Do It For Love|url=https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/do-it-for-love/id1038978115|work=itunes.apple.com|date=October 9, 2015|accessdate=22 January 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Sevyn Streeter - Shoulda Been There, Pt. 1|url=https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/shoulda-been-there-pt.-1/id1018561819|work=itunes.apple.com|date=July 17, 2015|accessdate=25 January 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Nappy Roots - The Humdinger|url=https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/the-humdinger/id711904456|work=itunes.apple.com|date=August 5, 2008|accessdate=22 January 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Lil Mama - VYP (Voice Of The Young People)|url=https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/vyp-voice-young-people-deluxe/id279171378|work=itunes.apple.com|accessdate=22 January 2016}}</ref> == Nkọwapụta ahọpụtara == {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center;" |+Ndepụta nke ndị edemede na ndị na-emepụta ihe ! scope="col" |Afọ ! scope="col" style="width:19em;" |Aha ya ! scope="col" |Album ! scope="col" |Onye na-ese ihe |- | rowspan="5" |2016 ! scope="row" |"Ihe niile ị ga-eme" |Tini |Martina Stoessel |- ! scope="row" |"Were Oge" | rowspan="1" |Mgbanwe | rowspan="1" |Marley Waters na-egosi Kranium |- ! scope="row" |"Ihe Ọ pụtara" | rowspan="1" |Oge nke Mbụ maka Ihe Ọ bụla EP | rowspan="1" |FKi 1st na-egosi Post Malone |- ! scope="row" |"Gazi" | rowspan="1" |Nkwado Single | rowspan="1" |A.CHAL |- ! scope="row" |"Gbanwee" | rowspan="1" |130 ọnọdụ: TRBL | rowspan="1" |Dean na-egosi ZICO |- | rowspan="2" |2015 ! scope="row" |"N'elu Ụwa" |Mee ya Maka Ịhụnanya |[[Alesha Dixon]] |- ! scope="row" |"Shoulda nọ ebe ahụ" | rowspan="1" |Shoulda nọ ebe ahụ, Pt 1 | rowspan="1" |Okporo ámá Sevyn |- | rowspan="1" |2014 ! scope="row" |"Ọkụ Ọhụrụ" |X |Chris Brown |- | rowspan="2" |2008 ! scope="row" |"Bido ọtọ" | rowspan="1" |VYP (Olu nke Ndị Ntorobịa) | rowspan="1" |Lil Mama |- ! scope="row" |"Obodo Obere" | rowspan="1" |Onye Na-agba Nri | rowspan="1" |Mgbọrọgwụ Nappy |- | rowspan="1" |2006 ! scope="row" |"Nke siri ike" |ATL - Egwú sitere na Motion Picture<ref>{{Cite web|title=ATL Soundtrack - Music from the Motion Picture|url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0466856/soundtrack|work=IMDB.com|accessdate=25 January 2016}}</ref> |Bobby Creekwater |- |} == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] iid25prq59h61xb619tomh7er11hv16 0 18036 727557 588643 2026-09-24T08:17:50Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727557 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Claude Kelly''' (amụrụ n'afọ 1980) bụ ónyé America na-agụ egwu, onye na-ede egwu na ónyé na-emepụta egwu.<ref name="shalperin">Shirley Halperin and Bob Love, [http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/lists/katy-perry-rihanna-pink-taylor-418295/item/max-martin-musics-35-top-418316 "THR Names Music's 35 Top Hitmakers,"] ''The Hollywood Reporter'', February 6, 2013.</ref> Ọ bụ ónyé a họpụtara ugboro anọ na Grammy Award, ma dee ma ọ bụ soro dee egwu maka [[Michael Jackson]], Whitney Houston, Kelly Clarkson, Britney Spears, Ariana Grande, Bruno Mars, Christina Aguilera, Adam Lambert, Jennifer Lopez, Kesha, [[Brandy]], na One Direction. Ya na Chuck Harmony mejupụtara R&B duo Louis York, ma guzobe otu egwu Weirdo Workshop. == Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ == A mụrụ Kelly ma zụlite ya na New York City.<ref name="gkennedy">Gerrick D. Kennedy, [http://www.latimes.com/entertainment/music/posts/la-et-ms-pop-hiss-premiere-louis-york-20150223-htmlstory.html "Hitmakers Claude Kelly and Chuck Harmony debut as Louis York,"] ''[[Los Angeles Times]]'', February 24, 2015.</ref> Nné ya a mụrụ na Jamaica mere ka ọ mata ụdị egwu dịgasị íchè íchè, gụnyere jazz, reggae, blues na R&B. Ka ọ na-etolite, ọ mụrụ piano na ọjà na Third Street Music School Settlement ma soro New York Boys Choir bụrụ abụ.<ref name="msmall" /> Kelly gara Grace Church School, Riverdale Country School, na Berklee College of Music na Boston, Massachusetts, gụsịrị akwụkwọ na nzere na azụmaahịa egwu / njikwa na 2002.<ref name="msmall">{{Cite web|author=Small|first=Mark|title=Claude Kelly '02, Chasin' the Chills|url=http://www.berklee.edu/news/4515/berklee-today-claude-kelly-02-chasin-the-chills|work=Berklee Today|accessdate=April 7, 2014}}</ref> == Ọrụ == === Ide egwu === Mgbè ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Berklee, Kelly rụrụ ọrụ dị ka ónyé na-agụ egwú na East Coast, tupu ọ malite ide egwu nke ya.<ref name="msmall"/> O tinyere egwu mbụ ya n'afọ 2002, mgbe "You're Taking It" gụnyere na nchịkọta CD maka uwe ndị Japan A Bathing Ape.<ref name="mpeters">Mitchell Peters, [https://web.archive.org/web/20160924121253/http://www.billboard.com/biz/articles/news/1084227/songwriter-claude-kelly-has-eyes-on-making-songs-that-last "Songwriter Claude Kelly has Eyes on Making Songs That Last,"] ''[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]'', August 10, 2012.</ref> O dere "Daddy's Little Girl" màkà Frankie J, nke e wepụtara dị ka otu na 2006, ma mee ka nkwekọrịta mbipụta na Warner / Chappell Music.<ref name="grammys">[http://www.grammy.com/news/exclusive-grammycom-interview-with-claude-kelly "Exclusive Grammy.com Interview With Claude Kelly,"] [[National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences]], May 21, 2013.</ref><ref name="msmall" /> N'afọ ahụ, a kọwaara Kelly ónyé na-emepụta [[RedOne]], wee malite iso ya na [[Lady Gaga]] rụọ ọrụ, onye na-arụ ọrụ na abọm mbụ ya n'oge ahụ. Nke a dugara na mmeghe Akon.<ref name="grammys" /> Kelly na Akon so dee "Hold My Hand" na Whitney Houston n'uche, mana Akon nwere mmasị n'abụ ahụ nke ukwuu nke na o kpebiri idekọ ya dị ka duet na [[Michael Jackson]].<ref name="mpeters" /><ref name="zgreenburg022012">Zack O'Malley Greenburg, [https://www.forbes.com/sites/zackomalleygreenburg/2012/02/20/michael-jackson-and-akon-song-originally-intended-for-whitney-houston/ "Michael Jackson and Akon Song Originally Intended For Whitney Houston,"] ''[[Forbes]]'', February 20, 2012.</ref> Ọ bụ otu n'ime ihe ndekọ ikpeazụ nke Jackson, ma pụta na album ya nke 2010 ''Michael''.<ref name="zgreenburg022012" /> == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Kelly, Claude}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] qucw20nzc03lf7tp33rm3oszd7rstpd 0 18093 727590 623961 2026-09-24T11:20:50Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727590 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Derek Johnson, Jr., nke a maara nkè ọma site na aha egwu ya '''Derek''' Minor na aha egwu mbụ '''PRo''', (amụrụ na Disemba 16, 1984) bụ onye America Christian hip hop artist, record producer, entrepreneur, actor, na screenwriter. Ya na Doc Watson guzobere ụlọ ọrụ ndekọ hip-hop Reflection Music Group (RMG), wee bịanye aka na Reach Records na njikọ aka n'etiti ụlọ ọrụ abụọ ahụ na 2011. N'afọ 2012, Johnson kwupụtara na ọ gbanwere aha egwu ya site na Pro gaa na Derek Minor. N'afọ 2014, ọ màrà ọkwa na dịka nkwekọrịta abọm abụọ ya na Reach zuru ezu, ọ gaghịzi ebipụta mbipụta site na ákàrà ahụ. Ọ bụ ónyé guzobere otu hip-hop R.M.G. na Reflection, ọ bụkwabu ónyé otu Reach hip-hop 116 Clique. Johnson ewepụtala abọm studio isii na mixtapes isii dị ka onye na-ese egwu, yana otu abọm ụlọ ọrụ nke ọ bụla na ndị otu R.M.G. na 116 Clique. Abọm studio ya nke abụọ, Redemption, gosipụtara na No. 8 na chaatị Gospel Billboard na No. 31 na chaatụ ''Billboard'' Top Christian. Abọm studio ya nké atọ, Dying to Live, malitere na No. 66 na <nowiki><i id="mwHA">Billboard</i></nowiki> 200, No. 1 na chaatị Top Christian, No. 2 na chaatụ Gospel Albums, No. 7 na chaatọ Top Independent Albums, na No. 11 na chaatọn Top Rap. Abọm ya nke anọ, Minorville, nke e wepụtara na 2013 malitere na No. 5 na chaatị Rap Albums nke Billboard na No. 7 na chaatụ Top Christian. Ọ sonyeere Entertainment One iji wepụta abọm nke ise ya, Empire, nke malitere na No. 6 na chaatị Billboard Rap Albums na No. 1 na chaatụ Top Christian. Abọm ya nke isii, Reflection, banyere na chaatị Billboard Rap Albums na No. 5 na chaatụ Top Christian na No. 7. Otu egwu Reflection bụ "Change the World" nke gosipụtara Hollyn ruru No. 1 na chaatị Hot AC / CHR nke Billboard.<ref name="Sarachik">{{Cite news|url=http://rapzilla.com/rz/news/38-backstage/14977-derek-minor-s-change-the-world-ft-hollyn-hits-no-1-on-billboard-chart|title=Derek Minor's 'Change the World' ft. Hollyn Hits No. 1 on Billboard Chart|author=Sarachik|first=Justin|work=Rapzilla.com|accessdate=July 4, 2017}}</ref> == Ndụ na ọrụ == === Mbido === A mụrụ Derek Johnson, Jr. na Pontiac, [[Michigan]] na Disemba 16, 1984, mana mgbè ọ dị obérè, ya na nné ya kwagara Middle [[Tennessee]].<ref name="bio">{{Cite web|title=Derek Minor (PRo)|url=http://reflectionmusicgroup.com/artists/derek-minor-pro|work=Artists|publisher=Reflection Music Group|accessdate=January 13, 2013|author=Reflection Music Group|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130115080720/http://reflectionmusicgroup.com/artists/derek-minor-pro|archivedate=January 15, 2013}}</ref><ref name="fbpro">{{Cite web|url=https://www.facebook.com/thederekminor/posts/10152484947544128|title=Thanks to everyone for the birthday...|author=PRo|date=December 16, 2013|publisher=Derek Minor|accessdate=May 18, 2014}}</ref> Mmekọrịta ya na nna ya mụrụ ya dị anya, mmekọrịta ya na nna nna ya na-adịwanye njọ.<ref name="bio" /> Ọzọkwa, nna nna Johnson bụ ónyé na-eji ọgwụ ọjọọ eme ihe ebe nne ya bụ Onye Kraịst siri ike, nke na-anụ ọkụ n'obi nke nwere usoro ọrụ siri ike na ndụ ụlọ. Johnson kpebiri inyere nne ya aka site n'ịba ọgaranya site na agụmakwụkwọ ma ọ bụ egwu.<ref name="bio" /> == Onyinye na nhọpụta == {| class="wikitable" !Afọ !Onye a họpụtara / ọrụ !Ihe nrite !Nsonaazụ ![Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] |- |2013 |Gravity (dị ka onye na-emepụta) |Album Gospel Kasị Mma |Ihe mmeri |<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.grammy.com/grammys/awards/55th-annual-grammy-awards|title=55th Annual GRAMMY Awards|date=June 24, 2013|work=The Recording Academy|accessdate=July 4, 2017|archive-date=March 3, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190303135523/https://www.grammy.com/grammys/awards/55th-annual-grammy-awards|url-status=dead}}</ref> |} == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Minor, Derek}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 8f15201pnfzql701lf9h867uh00h37y 0 18101 727579 628988 2026-09-24T10:18:27Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 4 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727579 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} Darien Corey Dash, Jr. (amụrụ na Julaị 21, 1992), nke a maara dịka '''Dash''' (nke a na-akpọ Da$H), bụ ónyé America na-eti egwu. Ewezuga ọrụ ya n'onwe ya, Dash bụ ónyé otu Heir Global, n'akụkụ enyi na onye na-arụkọ ọrụ, Retch. Dash bụkwa ónyé mmekọ nke ASAP Mob, na-eme ka ọ pụta ìhè mbụ ya na mixtape mbụ ha Lords Never Worry, na 2012. Ọ na-arụkọ ọrụ ugboro ugboro na onye na-emepụta ihe ndekọ Mordecai Beats, ónyé ya na ya wepụtara mixtape ''La Cienega'' (2012). Da$h esorola ọtụtụ ndị rapper a ma ama na ụlọ ọrụ hip-hop rụkọọ ọrụ, gụnyere Ab-Soul, Action Bronson, Earl Sweatshirt, Vince Staples na Mac Miller. == Nkọwapụta == === Abọm studio === {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center;" |+Ndepụta nke egwuregwu gbasaa, na nkọwa ndị ahọpụtara ! scope="col" style="width:16em;" |Aha ya ! scope="col" style="width:18em;" |Nkọwa nke abọm |- ! scope="row" |''12''<br /><br /><br /><br />( Iri na abụọ na Sean O'Connell) | * E wepụtara ya: December 12, 2012 * Akara: H'z Global * Ụdị: Nbudata dijitalụ |- ! scope="row" |''Double A-Side Vol. 1'' | * E wepụtara ya: October 31, 2013 * Akara: H'z Global * Ụdị: Nbudata dijitalụ |- ! scope="row" |''Double A-Side Vol. 2'' | * E wepụtara ya: Jenụwarị 3, 2014 * Akara: H'z Global * Ụdị: Nbudata dijitalụ |- ! scope="row" |''N'oge ahụ ka anyị''<br /><br /><br /><br /> na-ese anwụrụ ọkụ (na RetcH) | * E wepụtara ya: May 6, 2014<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://massappeal.com/dah-retch-the-time-we-smoked-dust-ep/|title=Da$h & Retch – "The Time We Smoked Dust" EP – Mass Appeal|date=May 7, 2014|publisher=|accessdate=May 15, 2017|archivedate=December 20, 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161220105222/http://massappeal.com/dah-retch-the-time-we-smoked-dust-ep/}}</ref> * Akara: H'z Global * Ụdị: Nbudata dijitalụ |- ! scope="row" |''Double A-Side Vol. 3'' | * E wepụtara ya: June 13, 2014 * Akara: H'z Global * Ụdị: Nbudata dijitalụ |- ! scope="row" |''Akpụkpọ ahụ'' | * E wepụtara ya: August 14, 2015<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.hotnewhiphop.com/stream-dashs-new-project-skrewface-news.17048.html|title=Stream Da$h's New Project "Skrewface"|work=HNHH|publisher=|accessdate=May 15, 2017|archive-date=August 21, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150821050036/http://www.hotnewhiphop.com/stream-dashs-new-project-skrewface-news.17048.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> * Label: Nke a tọhapụrụ n'onwe ya * Ụdị: Nbudata dijitalụ |- ! scope="row" |''Double A-Side Vol. 4'' | * A tọhapụrụ ya: October 24, 2017 * Akara: H'z Global * Ụdị: Nbudata dijitalụ |- ! scope="row" |''Ọ nwụọla?'' | * A tọhapụrụ ya: Septemba 11, 2018 * Akara: H'z Global * Ụdị: Nbudata dijitalụ |- ! scope="row" |''Double A-Side Vol. 5'' | * A tọhapụrụ ya: Mee 14, 2019 * Akara: H'z Global * Ụdị: Nbudata dijitalụ |- ! scope="row" |5(M na-egbu egbu na V Don)''<br /><br /><br /><br />'' | * A tọhapụrụ ya: July 16, 2019 * Akara: H'z Global * Ụdị: Nbudata dijitalụ |- ! scope="row" |''Double A-Side Vol. 6'' | * A tọhapụrụ ya: Septemba 17, 2019 * Akara: H'z Global * Ụdị: Nbudata dijitalụ |- ! scope="row" |''Ala Ọ dịghị Nwoke'' | * A tọhapụrụ ya: Disemba 17, 2019 * Akara: H'z Global * Ụdị: Nbudata dijitalụ |- ! scope="row" |Too Late 4 Tearswith $auce Heist, Ankhlejohn, na V Don)''<br /><br /><br /><br />'' | * A tọhapụrụ ya: August 7, 2020 * Akara: H'z Global * Ụdị: Nbudata dijitalụ |- |} === Mixtapes === {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center;" |+Ndepụta nke mixtapes, na nkọwa ahọpụtara ! scope="col" style="width:16em;" |Aha ya ! scope="col" style="width:18em;" |Nkọwa nke abọm |- ! scope="row" |''Ihe odide nke ngwá egwú m'' | * A tọhapụrụ ya: Jenụwarị 2, 2010 * Label: Nke a tọhapụrụ n'onwe ya * Ụdị: Nbudata dijitalụ |- ! scope="row" |''Onye Na-achụ Nche'' | * A tọhapụrụ ya: August 24, 2010 * Label: Nke a tọhapụrụ n'onwe ya * Ụdị: Nbudata dijitalụ |- ! scope="row" |''Ibi Ihe M Na-atụfu'' | * E wepụtara ya: March 19, 2011<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://mixtapewire.com/2011/01/dah-living-im-throwing-mixtape/|title=Only the BEST Mixtapes Here FIRST & Free!|work=mixtapewire.com|accessdate=July 7, 2015|archivedate=July 9, 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150709105748/http://mixtapewire.com/2011/01/dah-living-im-throwing-mixtape/}}</ref> * Label: Nke a tọhapụrụ n'onwe ya * Ụdị: Nbudata dijitalụ |- ! scope="row" |''Ihe ndekọ Caveman''<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://soulculture.com/music-blog/newmusic/dah-the-caveman-files-mixtape-free-download/|title=Da$h – The Caveman Files mixtape|work=SoulCulture|date=March 21, 2011|accessdate=July 7, 2015}}</ref> | * E wepụtara ya: Eprel 7, 2011 * Label: Nke a tọhapụrụ n'onwe ya * Ụdị: Nbudata dijitalụ |- ! scope="row" |''ChRon Burgundy'' | * E wepụtara ya: July 23, 2011<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.datpiff.com/DaH-Chron-Burgundy-mixtape.254596.html|title=Da$H – Chron Burgundy|work=DatPiff|accessdate=July 7, 2015|archivedate=July 14, 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150714103346/http://www.datpiff.com/DaH-Chron-Burgundy-mixtape.254596.html}}</ref> * Label: Nke a tọhapụrụ n'onwe ya * Ụdị: Nbudata dijitalụ |- ! scope="row" |''La''<br /><br /><br /><br /> Cienega(with RetcH) | * E wepụtara ya: Septemba 21, 2012<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://indy.livemixtapes.com/mixtapes/18974/dah-retch-la-cienega.html|title=Da$h & Retch – La Cienega|work=LiveMixtapes|accessdate=July 7, 2015}}</ref> * Label: Nke a tọhapụrụ n'onwe ya * Ụdị: Nbudata dijitalụ |- ! scope="row" |''V.I.C.E.S.'' | * E wepụtara ya: June 30, 2013<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.hotnewhiphop.com/dash-v-i-c-e-s-mixtape.88480.html|title=Da$h – V.I.C.E.S – Download & Listen [New Mixtape]|work=HNHH|publisher=|accessdate=May 15, 2017|archive-date=May 4, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170504033739/http://www.hotnewhiphop.com/dash-v-i-c-e-s-mixtape.88480.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> * Label: Nke a tọhapụrụ n'onwe ya * Ụdị: Nbudata dijitalụ |- ! scope="row" |''17 Minit Ndị Ọzọ'' | * E wepụtara ya: Septemba 16, 2015<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.hotnewhiphop.com/dash-17-more-minutes-new-mixtape.116029.html|title=Da$h – 17 More Minutes – Download & Listen [New Mixtape]|work=HNHH|publisher=|accessdate=May 15, 2017|archive-date=September 25, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150925181634/http://www.hotnewhiphop.com/dash-17-more-minutes-new-mixtape.116029.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> * Label: Nke a tọhapụrụ n'onwe ya * Ụdị: Nbudata dijitalụ |- |} === Mpụta ndị ọbịa === {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center;" |+Ndepụta nke ndị ọbịa na-abụghị otu, na ndị ọzọ na-eme ihe nkiri, na-egosi afọ a tọhapụrụ na aha abọm ! scope="col" |Aha ya ! scope="col" |Afọ ! scope="col" |Ndị ọzọ na-ese ihe ! scope="col" |Album |- ! scope="row" |"Ụlọ Ọrụ"<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://rateyourmusic.com/release/mixtape/tenille/10illematic_10fdoom/|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20150127203110/http://rateyourmusic.com/release/mixtape/tenille/10illematic_10fdoom/|archivedate=January 27, 2015|title=10illemaic/10FDOOM by Tenile (Mixtape): Reviews, Ratings, Credits, Song list|accessdate=January 27, 2015}}</ref> | rowspan="3" |2010 |Tenile, Sir Michael Rocks, Boldy James |''10 okwu / 10FDOOM'' |- ! scope="row" |"Ụlọ elu"<ref name="Trademark">{{Cite web|url=http://rateyourmusic.com/release/album/trademark_da__kydiver/super_villain_issue__3__reign_supreme/|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20150127203048/http://rateyourmusic.com/release/album/trademark_da__kydiver/super_villain_issue__3__reign_supreme/|archivedate=January 27, 2015|title=Super Villain Issue #3: Reign Supreme by Trademark da Skydiver (Mixtape): Review, Ratings, Credits, Song list|accessdate=January 27, 2015}}</ref> |Akara ahịa Da Skydiver, Currensy, Young Roddy | rowspan="2" |''Super Villain mbipụta #3: Ọchịchị Kasị Elu'' |- ! scope="row" |"Ihe Ndị Dị Mkpa"<ref name="Trademark" /> |Akara ahịa Da Skydiver |- ! scope="row" |"Nke dị elu" | rowspan="2" |2011 |Ski Beatz |''24 awa Karate School II'' |- ! scope="row" |"Lee Ndụ" |McKenzie Eddy, GLC |''Platinum na-eto eto'' |- ! scope="row" |"Pimpin oyi" | rowspan="9" |2012 |Ntinye aka |''4LaRaza'' |- ! scope="row" |"Full Metal Jacket" |ASAP Mob, ASAP Rocky, ASAP Twelvyy, ASAP Ant, ASAP Ferg, ASAP Nast | rowspan="3" |''Ndị nwe obodo anaghị echegbu onwe ha'' |- ! scope="row" |"Dope, Ego, Hoes" | {{n/a}} |- ! scope="row" |"Jay Reed" |ASAP Iri na Abụọ |- ! scope="row" |"Tọgharịa" |Joey Fatts, Aston Matthews |''Chipper Jones'' |- ! scope="row" |"Ezigbo Akụkọ" |Aston Matthews, Retch |''Versace Ragz'' |- ! scope="row" |"Newport Music"<ref name="DD">{{Cite web|url=http://www.datpiff.com/RetcH-Delinquents-Degenerates-mixtape.406784.html|title=RetcH – Delinquents & Degenerates|work=DatPiff|accessdate=December 19, 2017|archivedate=December 22, 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171222051401/http://www.datpiff.com/RetcH-Delinquents-Degenerates-mixtape.406784.html}}</ref> |Retch, Sha Hef | rowspan="2" |''Ndị Omume Ọjọọ na Ndị Mmebi Iwu'' |- ! scope="row" |"YungTurnUp"<ref name="DD" /> |Retch, Shorty K |- ! scope="row" |"The Wave Matthews Band"<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.asapmob.com/2012/10/new-music-joey-fatts-the-wave-matthews-band-ft-dah-aap-yams/|title=A$AP Mob » New Music: Joey Fatts – The Wave Matthews Band ft. Da$h & A$AP Yams|work=asapmob.com|accessdate=July 7, 2015}}</ref> |Joey Fatts, ASAP Yams |''Chipper Jones Mpịakọta nke 2'' |- ! scope="row" |"Venus Moonshine" | rowspan="10" |2013 |Jay Complex |''Underdog II: Ọrụ nke Ịhụnanya'' |- ! scope="row" |"Oge bụ Ugbu a" |Jay Worthy |''Ịkwaga Egwú'' |- ! scope="row" |"Ndị Ọrụ Ego" |Osisi Jay, DJ Clockwork, Ab-Soul, Smoke DZA |''S.H.O.W. Oge'' |- ! scope="row" |"Afọ iri na abụọ anọ" |Chuck Inglish, Retch |''Ebe ndị a na-atụfu'' |- ! scope="row" |"Nri" |Vince Staples, Larry Fisherman, Ab-Soul, Mac Miller |''Ndị Ntorobịa E Zuru Ezu'' |- ! scope="row" |"N'ime Otu nkeji"<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.datpiff.com/Sir-Michael-Rocks-While-You-Wait-mixtape.490970.html|title=Sir Michael Rocks – While You Wait...|work=DatPiff|accessdate=July 7, 2015|archivedate=July 14, 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150714103740/http://www.datpiff.com/Sir-Michael-Rocks-While-You-Wait-mixtape.490970.html}}</ref> |Sir Michael Rocks, Ab-Soul |''Ka Ị Na-echere...'' |- ! scope="row" |"Blue Fin Tuna" |Ntinye aka |''Ngwongwo Egwuregwu Polo'' |- ! scope="row" |"Ụzụ ahịa"<ref name="wordpress.com">{{Cite web|url=http://theheirs.wordpress.com/|title=HEIR GANG|accessdate=July 7, 2015}}</ref> |Ụgbụgba ASAP |''The Big Payback Vol. 1'' |- ! scope="row" |"Ndị Jesuit" |Thomas na-eche echiche efu |''Thomas na-eche echiche efu'' |- ! scope="row" |"Nọgide na-enwe Bitch Broke" |100s, Joey Fatts, Aston Matthews | {{n/a}} |- ! scope="row" |"Faces ọhụrụ v2" | rowspan="3" |2014 |Mac Miller, Earl Sweatshirt |''Ihu'' |- ! scope="row" |"Amen Nwanne" |Larry Fisherman, Ab-Soul, Vince Staples, Retch |{{n/a|non-album single}} |- ! scope="row" |"Nanị na-atọ ụtọ" |Ab-Soul |''Ụbọchị Ndị A...'' |- ! scope="row" |"Ọkụ Ups" | rowspan="4" |2015 |Uwe Earl Sweatshirt |''Enweghị m mmasị na Shit, anaghị m aga n'èzí'' |- ! scope="row" |"Fetti" |Playboi Carti, Maxo Kream | rowspan="2" {{n/a|non-album singles}} |- ! scope="row" |"Okpuru onwe" |ASAP Ant, Zombie Juice |- ! scope="row" |"Shrimp & Broccoli"<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/the-opiate/id1046266485|title=The Opiate by VDon on Apple Music|work=[[iTunes]]|date=November 6, 2015|publisher=|accessdate=December 19, 2017}}</ref> |V Don, Sha Hef |''Onye Opiate'' |- ! scope="row" |"Jigga 98" | rowspan="4" |2016 |Lucki |''Nwa Sam'' |- ! scope="row" |"Ajụjụ" |Domo Genesis, Kendra Foster |''Jenesis'' |- ! scope="row" |"Ndị Peshia"<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.hotnewhiphop.com/fat-nick-when-the-lean-runs-out-new-mixtape.116426.html|title=Fat Nick – When The Lean Runs Out – Download & Listen [New Mixtape]|work=HNHH|date=May 31, 2016|publisher=|accessdate=May 15, 2017|archive-date=May 8, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170508140104/http://www.hotnewhiphop.com/fat-nick-when-the-lean-runs-out-new-mixtape.116426.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> |Fat Nick |''Mgbe Lean Na-apụ'' |- ! scope="row" |"Onye na-agba ọsọ" |Ụmụ nwoke na-egbu onwe ha |''Ọcha Na-acha Mkpa Ebighị Ebi'' |- ! scope="row" |"Kpọka Okpomọkụ" |2017 |V Don, Willie the Kid |''Ihe edeturu na-acha anụnụ anụnụ'' |- ! scope="row" |"Gbanwee" | rowspan="2" |2018 |Shoreline Mafia, Rob Vicious |''Ọrịa Traplantic'' |- ! scope="row" |"Na Nne" |LNDN DRGS, ụbụrụ aka ekpe |''Ụbụrụ na DRGS'' |- ! scope="row" |"Mmeghe" | rowspan="2" |2019 |Chi nke ise, Ab-Soul, Radamiz |''Ihe nkiri nke Ise'' |- ! scope="row" |"Ụbọchị Ịkpọ Akụ" |Anwụrụ ọkụ DZA |''[Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji]'' |- ! scope="row" |"Whitey Bulger" |2020 |V Don |''Mas Ojii'' |- ! scope="row" |"Lee n'azụ" | rowspan="1" |2021 |[Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] |''Dị ka n'elu, otú ahụ n'okpuru'' |- |} == Edensibia == {{Reflist|30em}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Dash (onye na-agụ egwu ọsịsọ)}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] sjkdjosc3vlvzukkmnocvk1bmzd3dcr 0 18153 727463 539545 2026-09-24T02:06:08Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727463 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Usòrò:Ben Harper 003.jpg|thumb|áká_ịkẹngạ]] '''Benjamin Charles Harper'''<ref>{{Cite web|title=Ben Harper|url=https://www.anti.com/artists/ben-harper/|work=ANTI- Records|accessdate=2021-10-01}}</ref> (amụrụ n'October 28, 1969) bụ ónyé America na-agụ egwu na ónyé na-ede egwu na onye nwèrè ọtụtụ ngwá egwu. Harper na-akpọ ngwakọta nke blues, folk, mkpụrụ obi, reggae, na egwu rock<ref>{{Cite news|author=Dye|first=David|url=https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=103935651|title=Ben Harper Explores Rock With Relentless7 : World Cafe|publisher=World Cafe (WXPN)|date=May 8, 2009|accessdate=2015-09-07|work=npr.org}}</ref> ma mara ya maka nkà egwu egwu ya, olu, arụmọrụ dị ndụ, na ime ihe.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Ben Harper interview|url=http://music.ninemsn.com.au/article.aspx?id=90631|date=2007-08-19|accessdate=2015-11-06|work=Nine MSN (music)|first=Angela|author=Pulvirenti|publisher=ninemsn Pty Ltd.|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070819041638/http://music.ninemsn.com.au/article.aspx?id=90631|archivedate=August 19, 2007}}</ref> O weputara abọm iri na abụọ, nke ka ukwuu site na Virgin Records, ma gaa mba ụwa.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Ben Harper|url=http://www.discogs.com/artist/42599-Ben-Harper|work=Discogs|accessdate=2015-11-06}}</ref> Harper bụ ónyé mmeri Grammy Award ugboro atọ na onye a họpụtara ugboro asaa, yana onyinye màkà Best Pop Instrumental Performance na Best Traditional Soul Gospel Album na 2004 na Best Blues Album na 2013.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.grammy.com/grammys/artists/ben-harper|publisher=Grammy|title=Grammy nominations and wins - Ben Harper|accessdate=29 January 2019|archive-date=19 August 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190819023503/https://www.grammy.com/grammys/artists/ben-harper|url-status=dead}}</ref> Na mmemme nké iri anọ nke Blues Music Awards, a kpọrọ egwu Harper na Charlie Musselwhite, "No Mercy in This Land", bụ Song of the Year.<ref name="auto">{{Cite web|url=https://www.antimusic.com/news/19/May/102019_Blues_Music_Awards_Winners_Announced.shtml|title=2019 Blues Music Awards Winners Announced|work=Antimusic.com|accessdate=11 May 2019}}</ref> == Oge ọ malitere == A mụrụ Harper na Pomona, California. Nna ya nwụrụ anwụ, Leonard Harper, bụ ónyé Africa-America na Cherokee, nne ya, Ellen Harper Verdries (née Chase), bụ onye Juu.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Ben Harper And Mom Ellen Reflect On A Lifetime Immersed In A Folk Music 'Wonderland'|url=https://www.npr.org/2021/02/01/962774149/ben-harper-and-mom-ellen-reflect-on-a-lifetime-immersed-in-a-folk-music-wonderla|accessdate=2021-02-02|work=NPR.org|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2018-07-31|title=Folk matriarch Ellen Harper now striking a chord with her music|url=https://www.dailybulletin.com/folk-matriarch-ellen-harper-now-striking-a-chord-with-her-music|accessdate=2021-02-02|work=Daily Bulletin|language=en-US}}</ref> Nne nne ya bụ onye Juu Russia-Lithuania.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Ben Harper {{!}} Roots {{!}} Part one|url=http://www.swer.net/english.roots1.html|date=February 3, 2008|author=Plunier|first=JP|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080203090640/http://www.swer.net/english.roots1.html|archivedate=February 3, 2008|publisher=Les Inrockuptibles (no. 58)|quote=English translation from an article originally in French.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.onewaymagazine.com/coverstory_2-897.html|title=Ben Harper - Every Facet Of The Diamond|publisher=Onewaymagazine.com|accessdate=2015-09-07|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080517124614/http://www.onewaymagazine.com/coverstory_2-897.html|archivedate=May 17, 2008}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://arts.guardian.co.uk/fridayreview/story/0,,895525,00.html|work=The Guardian|title=Blood in the tracks|first=Will|author=Hodgkinson|date=February 14, 2003|accessdate=April 26, 2010}}</ref> Nne na nna ya gbara alụkwaghịm mgbè ọ dị afọ ise, ya na ezinụlọ nne ya tolitere. Harper nwere ụmụnne abụọ, Joel na Peter Harper. Harper malitere ịkpọ ụbọ akwara mgbe ọ bụ nwatakịrị.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.jewishsf.com/content/2-0-/module/displaystory/story_id/24975/edition_id/488/format/html/displaystory.html|title=Celebrity Jews &#124; j. the Jewish news weekly of Northern California|publisher=Jewishsf.com|date=February 11, 2005|accessdate=December 31, 2011}}</ref> Ụlọ ahịa egwu nne ya, Folk Music Center and Museum, tọrọ ntọala nke ọdịnala na blues màkà ónyé na-ese ihe, nke ndị na-akwado ya Leonard Cohen, Taj Mahal, John Darnielle, na David Lindley na ihe [[William Shakespeare]] na Robert Frost kwuru mgbe mgbe site n'aka nna nna ya: 5<ref name="Appleford">Appleford, Steve. "I'll Rise: The Music and Message of Ben Harper" Page 5. Essay published in the [https://www.amazon.com/dp/B000030020 Ben Harper CD Box Collection]. Released April 6 , 2000.</ref>  == Ọrụ == Mgbè ọ dị afọ iri na abụọ, Harper gbara egwu mbụ ya.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.askmen.com/celebs/men/entertainment_100/135_ben_harper.html|title=Ben Harper Celebrity Profile, News, Gossip & Photos|publisher=AskMen|accessdate=2015-09-07|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100124215144/http://www.askmen.com/celebs/men/entertainment_100/135_ben_harper.html|archivedate=January 24, 2010}}</ref> N'ime afọ 1980, n'oge ọ nọ n'afọ iri na ụma, Harper malitere ịkpọ slide guitar, na-eṅomi ụdị Robert Johnson. Harper nụchara ụdị ya, na-ewere Weissenborn slide guitar.: 11 Harper gbapụrụ n'Alaeze Ukwu Inland mgbè Taj Mahal kpọrọ ya ka ya na onye na-ese ihe na-eme njem.<ref name="Appleford"/> Ha dekọrọ abọm Taj Mahal bụ Follow the Drinking Gourd, nke e wepụtara na Nọvemba 1990, wee gaa Hawaii.<ref name="Appleford" /> [[Usòrò:Ben_Harper_FIJM_2003.jpg|áká_èkpè|thumb|242x242px|Harper n'elu ikpo okwu na 2003]] == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Harper, Ben}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] tszx3ccpoh7rucgehexoldruruefzr8 0 18394 727445 210919 2026-09-24T00:14:37Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727445 wikitext text/x-wiki  {{Databox}} [[Category:Articles with short description]] [[Category:Short description is different from Wikidata]] [[Category:Articles with hCards]] [[Category:Pages using infobox musical artist with associated acts]] '''Achi Avelino''' (amụrụ na 4 June, na afọ 1993), nke a maara nke ọma site na aha egwu ya bụ '''Avelino''', bụ onye na-eti egwu na onye na-agụ egwu nke ndị Congolese na ndị Angola si Tottenham, London, nke a maara maka "olu pụrụ iche" na "okwu miri emi".<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://greatescapefestival.com/artists/avelino/|title=Avelino – The Great Escape|work=[[The Great Escape Festival]]|accessdate=9 April 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160428103944/http://greatescapefestival.com/artists/avelino/|archivedate=28 April 2016}}</ref> == Ọrụ == === 2011-2014: Mmalite === Na mbụ rap na-eme n'okpuru aha '''''AA''''' (nke sitere na mbido ya), Avelino bu ụzọ wepụta freestyles na YouTube. A tọhapụrụ mixtape mbụ ya, Underdog Music, na afọ 2013 site na More Music Records. Onye na-abụghị isi iyi dị mkpa. Onye na na-abụghị onye isi iyi dị mma nke GRM Daily's Charlie-Louise Akintilo kwuru na ọrụ ahụ bụ "edgy" na "repeating".<ref name="facebook">{{Cite web|url=https://www.facebook.com/permalink.php?story_fbid=485949888096508&id=171277802967756|title=Avelino new video "The Trip" from his... – More Music Records {{pipe}} Facebook|publisher=facebook.com|accessdate=9 April 2016}}</ref><ref name="facebook2">{{Cite web|url=https://www.facebook.com/permalink.php?story_fbid=372567909505410&id=171277802967756|title=Debut release by Avelino and the MMR team... – More Music Records {{pipe}}|publisher=facebook.com|date=11 January 2013|accessdate=10 April 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://grmdaily.com/review-avelino-crunch-time/|title=REVIEW: AVELINO – CRUNCH TIME|work=GRM Daily|author=Akintilo, Charlie-Louise|date=18 September 2012|accessdate=11 April 2016|archivedate=21 December 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161221100439/http://grmdaily.com/review-avelino-crunch-time/}}</ref> === 2014 2015: Ọganihu azụmahịa na ''ihe'' mgbaru ọsọ dị ịrịba ama === Avelino ghọrọ onye a ma ama na afọ 2014 mgbe a tọhapụrụ mixtape nke abụọ ya, Iconic Ambition, nke gosipụtara na DJ Semtex's ''Mixtape Top 5'' na BBC Radio 1Xtra.<ref name="bbc">{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p029v7jb|title=BBC Radio 1Xtra – Semtex, Logic, Blade Brown and Young Fathers, Mixtape Top 5 with DJ Semtex|publisher=BBC|accessdate=9 April 2016}}</ref> Ọ gara n'ihu na-akwado Stormzy na njem nlegharị anya n'afọ 2015, ebe ọ rụkọtara ọrụ na egwu mixtape "No Comment".<ref name="oddchild">{{Cite web|url=http://oddchildmusic.com/artists/avelino/|title=OddChild Music – Avelino|work=[[Odd Child Recordings]]|accessdate=9 April 2016|archivedate=14 April 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160414172346/http://oddchildmusic.com/artists/avelino/}}</ref> === 2015 ugbu a: Njikọ ya na Wretch 32 === N'afọ 2015, onye Tottenham MC Wretch 32 kwadoro Avelino. Ndị rapper abụọ ahụ wepụtara mixtape jikọrọ aka, nke akpọrọ Young Fire, Old Flame, na 18 Disemba , na afọ 2015, iji nabata ya nke ọma. Avelino bụ Young Fire, ebe Wretch 32 bụ Old Flame.'''''<ref name="Young Fire">{{Cite web|date=3 June 2016|title=Young Fire: A conversation with Avelino|url=https://grmdaily.com/young-fire-avelino-interview/|accessdate=22 April 2021|work=GRM Daily|language=en-GB|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160604134221/http://grmdaily.com/young-fire-avelino-interview/|archivedate=4 June 2016}}</ref>''''' Ọkụ na Booth ''freestyle'' na ''BBC Radio 1'', nke onye na-elekọta ya bụ Charlie Sloth mara ọkwa dị ka "ọkụ kachasị ike" na Booth ''n'oge niile'', na Noiseys Joe Zadeh dị ka "ihe dị egwu".<ref name="vice">{{Cite web|url=http://noisey.vice.com/en_uk/blog/wretch-32-fire-in-the-booth-but-where-is-this-fire-at-usually|title=Wretch 32's 1Xtra Freestyle Is Staggering, So Why Are His Singles so Bait? {{pipe}} NOISEY|publisher=noisey.vice.com|accessdate=9 April 2016|archivedate=18 March 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160318013154/http://noisey.vice.com/en_uk/blog/wretch-32-fire-in-the-booth-but-where-is-this-fire-at-usually}}</ref> Wretch na Avelino jikọtakwara aka na egwu nkwalite "M.O.E" na "Freedom", yana remix na-abụghị nke [[Kanyé West|Kanye West]] "No More Parties in LA", nke a kpọrọ "No More Parties in DSTRKT".<ref name="thefourohfive">{{Cite web|url=http://www.thefourohfive.com/music/article/avelino-shares-new-track-m-o-e-143|title=Avelino shares new track 'M.O.E'|publisher=thefourohfive.com|accessdate=9 April 2016}}</ref><ref name="sbtv">{{Cite web|url=http://www.sbtv.co.uk/listen/newmusic/listen-wretch-32-and-avelino-regroup-on-no-more-parties-in-dstrkt/|title=Listen: Wretch 32 and Avelino cover Kanye West on 'No More Parties in DSTRKT'|publisher=sbtv.co.uk|accessdate=9 April 2016}}</ref> A na-eme atụmatụ na ha abụọ ga-eme mixtape ahụ na KOKO na 12 Mee, na afọ 2016.<ref name="uk">{{Cite web|url=http://www.koko.uk.com/news/young-fire-old-flame-wretch-32-avelino|title=YOUNG FIRE OLD FLAME – WRETCH 32 &amp; AVELINO {{pipe}} KOKO London|publisher=koko.uk.com|accessdate=9 April 2016|archivedate=17 April 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417032133/http://www.koko.uk.com/news/young-fire-old-flame-wretch-32-avelino}}</ref> Na 7 Eprel, na afọ 2016, Avelino wepụtara EP mbụ ya, ''FYO'', maka nbudata n'efu. Ọ bụ Raf Riley mepụtara ya.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://pigeonsandplanes.com/2016/04/avelino-fyo-ep-premiere/|title=PREMIERE: Listen to London Rapper Avelino's Special 'F.Y.O.' EP|work=[[Pigeons and Planes]]|author=Gardner, Constant|date=7 April 2016}}</ref> Ọrụ ahụ, nke na-anọchite anya Fuck Your Opinion, enwetala nkwado dị ukwuu site na BBC Radio 1; MistaJam akpọwo "Youniverse", a gbakwunyere egwu aha na ndepụta egwu C nke 1Xtra na 612 Mee, n afọ 2016. Ndị na-akwado egwu ahụ gụnyere Annie Mac<ref name="bbc3">{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b075fmdd|title=BBC Radio 1 – Annie Mac, Drake + Danger Mouse|publisher=BBC|accessdate=9 April 2016}}</ref> na Charlie Sloth.<ref name="bbc2">{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/1xtra#objects/33f22a95-85f8-4489-b22f-775293cf6b7a|title=BBC – Radio 1Xtra|publisher=BBC|accessdate=9 April 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://twitter.com/officialAvelino/status/728190724391505920|title=Avelino on Twitter: "FXCK YOUR OPINION on the @bbc1xtra playlist ! Very happy right now|work=Twitter|date=5 May 2016}}</ref><ref name="bbc4">{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/1xtra#objects/4d611b65-e502-429d-91fd-a4e20d53b36c|title=BBC – Radio 1Xtra|publisher=BBC|accessdate=9 April 2016}}</ref> EP ahụ nọ n'elu Semtex's ''Mixtape Top 5'' chart.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b075g4l7|title=Semtex, Avelino joins Sem|work=[[BBC Radio 1Xtra]]|date=8 April 2016}}</ref> Ọ na-arụ ọrụ ugbu a na abọm studio mbụ ya.<ref name="mtv">{{Cite web|url=http://www.mtv.co.uk/the-wrap-up/blog/avelino-drops-some-serious-fire-in-the-booth|title=Avelino Drops Some Serious Fire in the Booth|publisher=[[MTV]]|author=Rana, Anil|date=9 November 2015|access-date=16 July 2022|archive-date=20 December 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161220180738/http://www.mtv.co.uk/the-wrap-up/blog/avelino-drops-some-serious-fire-in-the-booth|url-status=dead}}</ref> Avelino wepụtara egwu ọhụrụ, "On a Roll", maka nbudata n'efu site na SoundCloud na 30 Ọgọst 2016. Abụ ahụ gosipụtara olu ndị ọbịa sitere na Abra Cadabra, DJ Target akpọwokwa ya na 1Xtra. N'otu izu ahụ, Avelino gosipụtara na egwu Wretch 32 "Open Conversation & Mark Duggan", nke e wepụtara na 1 Septemba, na afọ 2016, otu ụbọchị tupu abọm studio ya nke atọ, Growing Over Life . Na 10 Febụwarị, na afọ 2017, Avelino wepụtara otu egwu akpọrọ "Energy" nke gosipụtara ndị na-eme ihe ike, Skepta na Stormzy. Egwuregwu EA Sports, FIFA 18 demo jiri egwu ahụ mee ihe ma na-akpọ ya abụ isi na ''FIFA 18'' soundtrack. N'oge a na-ede ya, vidiyo egwu nke Energy enwetala ihe karịrị nde mmadụ 1.5 na YouTube na remixes dị iche iche, ọkachasị na onye na-arụkọ ọrụ Wretch 32, ewepụtala ya. == Ndụ onwe onye == Avelino bụ onye na-akwado Manchester United F.C.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/50856021|title=Premier League predictions: Lawro v rapper & Man Utd fan Avelino|work=[[BBC Sport]]|date=28 December 2019|accessdate=30 January 2021}}</ref> == Nkọwapụta == === Egwuregwu ndị gbasaa === {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center;" ! scope="col" |Aha ya ! scope="col" |Nkọwa zuru ezu |- ! scope="row" |''FYO'' | * A tọhapụrụ ya: 7 Eprel 2016 * Label: OddChild Music, More Music Records * Ụdị: Nbudata dijitalụ |- |} === Abụ agukoro onu === {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center;" ! scope="col" |Aha ya ! scope="col" |Nkọwa zuru ezu |- ! scope="row" |''Egwú Underdog'' | * A tọhapụrụ ya: 11 Jenụwarị 2013 * Label: More Music Records * Ụdị: Nbudata dijitalụ n'efu |- ! scope="row" |''Ihe E Ji Amụma'' | * A tọhapụrụ ya: 10 Septemba 2014 * Label: More Music Records * Ụdị: Nbudata dijitalụ n'efu |- ! scope="row" |Young Fire, Old Flame (<small>na</small> <small>Wretch 32</small>) | * A tọhapụrụ ya: 18 Disemba 2015 * Label: A ma ama, More Music Records * Ụdị: Nbudata dijitalụ n'efu |- ! scope="row" |''Enweghị ihe nzuzu'' | * A tọhapụrụ ya: 27 Ọktoba 2017 * Label: More Music Records / OddChild Music * Ụdị: nbudata dijitalụ |- ! scope="row" |''Ego Na-egbu Egwu'' | * A tọhapụrụ ya: 23 Julaị 2021 * Label: More Music Records / OddChild Music * Ụdị: nbudata dijitalụ |- |} == Ihe odide == <references group="" responsive="1"></references> [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] mmrroucjldf8pfy9p99wb07n3d427bs 0 18503 727391 207428 2026-09-23T12:13:59Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 6 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727391 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Usòrò:Alpha Blondy-01.jpg|thumb|Alpha Blondy]]  {{Databox}} Ihe ndekọ nke onye na-ese egwu reggae nke Ivorian bụ Alpha Blondy nwere abọm studio iri na ise, abọm abụọ chịkọta asatọ, na iri na isii njikọ iri isii ndị nanị ya gụrụ. == Abọm == === Abọm studio === {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center;" |+Ndepụta nke abọm studio, na ọkwa chaatị ahọpụtara na asambodo ! rowspan="2" scope="col" style="width:13em;" |Aha ya ! rowspan="2" scope="col" style="width:14em;" |Nkọwa nke abọm ! colspan="5" scope="col" |Ọnọdụ chaatị kachasị elu ! rowspan="2" scope="col" style="width:9em;" |asambodo |- ! scope="col" style="width:2em;font-size:90%;" |Ọ B.E.<br /><br /><br /><br /{{Cite web|url=http://www.ultratop.be/fr/showperson.asp?name=Alpha+Blondy|title=Ultratop Alpha Blondy|work=ultratop.be|publisher=Hung Medien|accessdate=2016-03-14}}</ref> ! scope="col" style="width:2em;font-size:90%;" |AUT<br /><br /><br /><br />{{Cite web|url=http://austriancharts.at/showinterpret.asp?interpret=alpha%20blondy|title=Discografie Alpha Blondy|work=austriancharts.at|publisher=Hung Medien|accessdate=2016-03-14}}</ref> ! scope="col" style="width:2em;font-size:90%;" |E wezụga nke ahụ<br /><br /><br /><br /{{Cite web|url=http://lescharts.com/showinterpret.asp?interpret=Alpha%20Blondy|title=Discographie Alpha Blondy|work=lescharts.com|publisher=Hung Medien|accessdate=2016-03-14}}</ref> ! scope="col" style="width:2em;font-size:90%;" |SWI<br /><br /><br /><br />{{Cite web|url=http://hitparade.ch/album/Alpha-Blondy/Elohim-3203|title=Alpha Blondy|work=swisscharts.com|publisher=Hung Medien|accessdate=2016-03-14}}</ref> ! scope="col" style="width:2em;font-size:90%;" |US<br /><br /><br /><br />{{Cite web|url=http://www.billboard.com/artist/278707/alpha-blondy/chart|title=Alpha Blondy Chart History|work=[[Billboard chart|Billboard]]|accessdate=2016-03-14|archive-date=2016-04-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160409144908/http://www.billboard.com/artist/278707/alpha-blondy/chart|url-status=dead}}</ref> |- ! scope="row" |''Jah Glory!'' | * E wepụtara ya: 1982 * Label: Syllart Production * Ụdị: LP |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị | |- ! scope="row" |''<nowiki>Nkume Cocody!!!</nowiki>'' | * E wepụtara ya: 1984 * Akara: Pathé Marconi EMI * Ụdị: LP |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị | |- ! scope="row" |''Ịkpa Ókè Ọkpa Ọchụ bụ Nazism'' | * E wepụtara ya: 1985 * Akara: Pathé * Ụdị: LP |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị | |- ! scope="row" |''Jerusalem'' | * E wepụtara ya: 1986 * Akara: Pathé Marconi EMI * Ụdị: LP |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị | |- ! scope="row" |''Mgbanwe'' | * E wepụtara ya: 1987 * Akara: Pathé * Ụdị: LP |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị | |- ! scope="row" |''Ndị Amụma'' | * E wepụtara ya: 1989 * Akara: Pathé * Ụdị: LP |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị | |- ! scope="row" |''S.O.S Agha Agbụrụ'' | * E wepụtara ya: 1991 * Akara: Jimmy's International Production * Ụdị: LP, CD |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị | |- ! scope="row" |''Masada'' | * E wepụtara ya: 1992 * Akara: EMI France * Ụdị: LP, CD |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị | |- ! scope="row" |''[[Alpha Blondy|Chineke]]'' | * E wepụtara ya: 1994 * Akara: EMI France * Ụdị: CD |Ọdịdị |27 |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |15 | |- ! scope="row" |''Nnukwu Bassam Zion Rock'' | * E wepụtara ya: 1996 * Akara: EMI * Ụdị: CD |Ọdịdị |44 |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị | |- ! scope="row" |''Yitzhak Rabin'' | * E wepụtara ya: 1998 * Akara: Otu Egwú * Ụdị: CD |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |28 |Ọdịdị |9 | |- ! scope="row" |''Elohim'' | * E wepụtara ya: 2000 * Akara: Deelie * Ụdị: CD |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |20 |93 |Ọdịdị | |- ! scope="row" |''Ekele dịrị gị'' | * E wepụtara ya: 2002 * Akara: Shanachie * Ụdị: CD abụọ |Ọdịdị |66 |89 |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị | |- ! scope="row" |''Jah Mmeri'' | * E wepụtara ya: 2007 * Akara: Mediacom * Ụdị: CD |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |59 |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị | |- ! scope="row" |''[[Alpha Blondy|Ọhụụ]]'' | * E wepụtara ya: 2011 * Akara: Egwú Wagram * Ụdị: CD |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |38 |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị | * UPFI: Gold<ref>{{Cite web|title=Palmarès des certifications 2011 UPFI|url=http://www.upfi.fr/2011/06/certifications-2011/|work=UPFI|publisher=Union des Producteurs Phonographiques Français Indépendants|accessdate=2016-03-14|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140525194423/http://www.upfi.fr/2011/06/certifications-2011/|archivedate=2014-05-25}}</ref> |- ! scope="row" |''Ike Nzuzo'' | * E wepụtara ya: 2013 * Label: VP Records * Ụdị: CD |133 |Ọdịdị |60 |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị | |- ! scope="row" |''Ike Dị Mma'' | * A tọhapụrụ ya: 8 Mee 2015 * Akara: Egwú Wagram * Ụdị: CD |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |60 |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị | |- ! scope="row" |Agbụrụ Mmadụ | * A tọhapụrụ ya: 31 Ọgọst 2018 * Label: Wagram Music / W Lab * Ụdị: Digital & CD |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị | - |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị | |- ! colspan="19" style="text-align:center; font-size:8pt;" |"X" na-egosi mbipụta ndị na-enweghị chaatị. |} {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center;" |+Ndepụta nke abọm dị ndụ, na ọkwa chaatị ahọpụtara na asambodo ! rowspan="2" scope="col" style="width:13em;" |Aha ya ! rowspan="2" scope="col" style="width:14em;" |Nkọwa nke abọm ! colspan="5" scope="col" |Ọnọdụ chaatị kachasị elu ! rowspan="2" scope="col" style="width:9em;" |asambodo |- ! scope="col" style="width:2em;font-size:90%;" |AUT<br /><br /><br /><br />{{Cite web|url=http://austriancharts.at/showinterpret.asp?interpret=alpha%20blondy|title=Discografie Alpha Blondy|work=austriancharts.at|publisher=Hung Medien|accessdate=2016-03-14}}</ref> ! scope="col" style="width:2em;font-size:90%;" |Ọ B.E.<br /><br /><br /><br />{{Cite web|url=http://www.ultratop.be/fr/showperson.asp?name=Alpha+Blondy|title=Ultratop Alpha Blondy|work=ultratop.be|publisher=Hung Medien|accessdate=2016-03-14}}</ref> ! scope="col" style="width:2em;font-size:90%;" |E wezụga nke ahụ<br /><br /><br /><br />{{Cite web|url=http://lescharts.com/showinterpret.asp?interpret=Alpha%20Blondy|title=Discographie Alpha Blondy|work=lescharts.com|publisher=Hung Medien|accessdate=2016-03-14}}</ref> ! scope="col" style="width:2em;font-size:90%;" |SWI<br /><br /><br /><br />{{Cite web|url=http://hitparade.ch/album/Alpha-Blondy/Elohim-3203|title=Alpha Blondy|work=swisscharts.com|publisher=Hung Medien|accessdate=2016-03-14}}</ref> ! scope="col" style="width:2em;font-size:90%;" |US<br /><br /><br /><br />{{Cite web|url=http://www.billboard.com/artist/278707/alpha-blondy/chart|title=Alpha Blondy Chart History|work=[[Billboard chart|Billboard]]|accessdate=2016-03-14}}</ref> |- ! scope="row" |''Na-ebi na Zenith'' | * E wepụtara ya: 1993 * Akara: EMI France * Ụdị: CD, cassette |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị | |- ! scope="row" |''Paris Bercy'' | * E wepụtara ya: 1995 * Akara: EMI France * Ụdị: CD abụọ, LP abụọ |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị | |- ! colspan="19" style="text-align:center; font-size:8pt;" |"X" na-egosi mbipụta ndị na-enweghị chaatị. |} === Abọm nchịkọta === {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center;" |+Ndepụta nke abọm nchịkọta, na ọkwa chaatị ahọpụtara na asambodo ! rowspan="2" scope="col" style="width:13em;" |Aha ya ! rowspan="2" scope="col" style="width:14em;" |Nkọwa nke abọm ! colspan="5" scope="col" |Ọnọdụ chaatị kachasị elu ! rowspan="2" scope="col" style="width:9em;" |asambodo |- ! scope="col" style="width:2em;font-size:90%;" |AUT<br /><br /><br /><br /><ref name="AUT">{{Cite web|url=http://austriancharts.at/showinterpret.asp?interpret=alpha%20blondy|title=Discografie Alpha Blondy|work=austriancharts.at|publisher=Hung Medien|accessdate=2016-03-14}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[http://austriancharts.at/showinterpret.asp?interpret=alpha%20blondy "Discografie Alpha Blondy"]. ''austriancharts.at''. Hung Medien<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-03-14</span></span>.</cite></ref> ! scope="col" style="width:2em;font-size:90%;" |Ọ B.E.<br /><br /><br /><br /><ref name="BE">{{Cite web|url=http://www.ultratop.be/fr/showperson.asp?name=Alpha+Blondy|title=Ultratop Alpha Blondy|work=ultratop.be|publisher=Hung Medien|accessdate=2016-03-14}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[http://www.ultratop.be/fr/showperson.asp?name=Alpha+Blondy "Ultratop Alpha Blondy"]. ''ultratop.be''. Hung Medien<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-03-14</span></span>.</cite></ref> ! scope="col" style="width:2em;font-size:90%;" |E wezụga nke ahụ<br /><br /><br /><br /><ref name="FRA">{{Cite web|url=http://lescharts.com/showinterpret.asp?interpret=Alpha%20Blondy|title=Discographie Alpha Blondy|work=lescharts.com|publisher=Hung Medien|accessdate=2016-03-14}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[http://lescharts.com/showinterpret.asp?interpret=Alpha%20Blondy "Discographie Alpha Blondy"]. ''lescharts.com''. Hung Medien<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-03-14</span></span>.</cite></ref> ! scope="col" style="width:2em;font-size:90%;" |SWI<br /><br /><br /><br />{{Cite web|url=http://hitparade.ch/album/Alpha-Blondy/Elohim-3203|title=Alpha Blondy|work=swisscharts.com|publisher=Hung Medien|accessdate=2016-03-14}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[http://hitparade.ch/album/Alpha-Blondy/Elohim-3203 "Alpha Blondy"]. ''swisscharts.com''. Hung Medien<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-03-14</span></span>.</cite></ref> ! scope="col" style="width:2em;font-size:90%;" |US<br /><br /><br /><br />{{Cite web|url=http://www.billboard.com/artist/278707/alpha-blondy/chart|title=Alpha Blondy Chart History|work=[[Billboard chart|Billboard]]|accessdate=2016-03-14|archive-date=2016-04-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160409144908/http://www.billboard.com/artist/278707/alpha-blondy/chart|url-status=dead}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://web.archive.org/web/20160409144908/http://www.billboard.com/artist/278707/alpha-blondy/chart "Alpha Blondy Chart History"]. ''[[Chaatị Billboard|Billboard]]''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-03-14</span></span>.</cite></ref> |- ! scope="row" |''Onye Kasị Mma nke Alpha Blondy'' | * E wepụtara ya: 1990 * Akara: Shanachie Records * Ụdị: LP, cassette, CD |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị | |- ! scope="row" |''Rasta Poué / Jah Glory!'' | * E wepụtara ya: 1995 * Label: Syllart Production * Ụdị: CD |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị | |- ! scope="row" |''Onye Kasị Mma nke Alpha Blondy'' | * E wepụtara ya: 1996 * Akara: EMI France * Ụdị: CD, cassette |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị | |- ! scope="row" |''Onye Kasị Mma nke Alpha Blondy'' | * E wepụtara ya: 1997 * Akara: Otu Egwú * Ụdị: CD |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị | |- ! scope="row" |''<nowiki>Nkume Cocody!!!</nowiki>'' ''/ Ịkpa ókè agbụrụ bụ Nazism'' | * E wepụtara ya: 2003 * Akara: EMI France * Ụdị: CD abụọ |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị | |- ! scope="row" |''Ihe Dị Mkpa'' | * E wepụtara ya: 2004 * Akara: Capitol Records * Ụdị: CD |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị | |- ! scope="row" |''Mgbọrọgwụ Dị Ike Site na Eze Ukwu nke African Reggae'' | * A tọhapụrụ ya: 28 June 2004 * Akara: Manteca * Ụdị: CD |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị | |- ! scope="row" |''Akwaba, The Very Best of Alpha Blondy'' | * A tọhapụrụ ya: 5 Julaị 2005 * Akara: EMI * Ụdị: CD |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị | |- ! colspan="19" style="text-align:center; font-size:8pt;" |"X" na-egosi mbipụta ndị na-enweghị chaatị. |} == Ndị na-alụbeghị di == {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" border="1" style="text-align:center;" ! rowspan="2" scope="col" style="width:24em;" |Aha ya ! rowspan="2" scope="col" style="width:3em" |Afọ ! colspan="5" scope="col" |Ọnọdụ chaatị kachasị elu ! rowspan="2" scope="col" style="width:9em;" |asambodo ! rowspan="2" scope="col" style="width:;" |Album |- ! scope="col" style="width:2em;font-size:90%;" |AUT<br /><br /><br /><br /><ref name="AUT"/> ! scope="col" style="width:2em;font-size:90%;" |Ọ B.E.<br /><br /><br /><br /><ref name="BE"/> ! scope="col" style="width:2em;font-size:90%;" |E wezụga nke ahụ<br /><br /><br /><br /><ref name="FRA"/> ! scope="col" style="width:2em;font-size:90%;" |SWI<br /><br /><br /><br />{{Cite web|url=http://hitparade.ch/album/Alpha-Blondy/Elohim-3203|title=Alpha Blondy|work=swisscharts.com|publisher=Hung Medien|accessdate=2016-03-14}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[http://hitparade.ch/album/Alpha-Blondy/Elohim-3203 "Alpha Blondy"]. ''swisscharts.com''. Hung Medien<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-03-14</span></span>.</cite></ref> ! scope="col" style="width:2em;font-size:90%;" |US<br /><br /><br /><br /><ref name="US">{{Cite web|url=http://www.billboard.com/artist/278707/alpha-blondy/chart|title=Alpha Blondy Chart History|work=[[Billboard chart|Billboard]]|accessdate=2016-03-14|archive-date=2016-04-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160409144908/http://www.billboard.com/artist/278707/alpha-blondy/chart|url-status=dead}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[http://www.billboard.com/artist/278707/alpha-blondy/chart "Alpha Blondy Chart History"]. ''[[Chaatị Billboard|Billboard]]''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-03-14</span></span>.</cite></ref> |- ! scope="row" |"Brigadier Sabari (Operation Coup De Poing)" |1982 |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị | |''Jah Glory!'' |- ! scope="row" |"Rasta Poué" |1983 |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị | | {{n/a|Non-album single}} |- ! scope="row" |<nowiki>"Cocody Rock!!!"</nowiki> |1984 |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị | |''Nkume Cocody!!!'' |- ! scope="row" |"Apartheid bụ Nazism" |1985 |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị | |''Ịkpa Ókè Ọkpa Ọchụ bụ Nazism'' |- ! scope="row" |"Ịrụ ọrụ siri ike nke ukwuu" |1986 |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị | |''Jerusalem'' |- ! scope="row" |"Sweet Fanta Diallo" |1987 |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị | |''Mgbanwe'' |- ! scope="row" |"Banana" |1989 |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị | |''Ndị Amụma'' |- ! scope="row" |"Yéyé Remix" | rowspan="2" |1992 |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị | | rowspan="2" |''Masada'' |- ! scope="row" |"Gbalịa" |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị | |- ! scope="row" |"Gwọ m" |1994 |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị | |''[[Alpha Blondy|Chineke]]'' |- ! scope="row" |"Ya Fohi" |1996 |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị | |''Nnukwu Bassam Zion Rock'' |- ! scope="row" |"Ọtụtụ Ọhụrụ" |1998 |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị | |''Yitzhak Rabin'' |- ! scope="row" |"Ndị nta akụkọ nọ n'ihe ize ndụ (Democracy)" |1999 |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị | |''Elohim'' |- ! scope="row" |"Yana De Fohi" |2005 |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị | |''Akwaba'' |- ! scope="row" |"Jah Mmeri" |2007 |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị | |''Jah Mmeri'' |- ! scope="row" |"Vuvuzela" |2007 |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị |Ọdịdị | |''[[Alpha Blondy|Ọhụụ]]'' |- | colspan="17" style="font-size:85%" |"X" na-egosi ihe ndekọ nke na-enweghị chaatị. |} == Vidio egwu == {| class="wikitable" !Afọ !Aha ya |- |1986 |"Jerusaịlọs" |- |1987 |"Sweet Fanta Diallo" |- | rowspan="2" |1989 |"Mgbukpọ ọchịchị" |- |"Banana" |- |1992 |"Ịhụnanya" |- |1994 |"Gwọ m" |- | rowspan="3" |1996 |"Ya Fohi" |- |"Ihe omimi sitere n'okike" |- |"Ebe Obi Ike" |- |1998 |"Ọtụtụ Ọhụrụ" |- |2007 |"Bahia" |- |2011 |"Vuvuzela" |- | rowspan="2" |2013 |"Ọchịchọ America m" |- |"Egburu m Kọmishọna" |- |2015 |"Enweghị ụbụrụ, Enweghị isi ọwụwa" |- |} == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}} j91052ju6tq15nr2ucxj59kmd6p77eq 0 19154 727500 630408 2026-09-24T03:53:14Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727500 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Brenden Russell Aaronson'''<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://mcusercontent.com/78d3589fb61466b549ff752e5/files/92e7a32f-796e-42b9-af2b-f0d7166d4246/20_MOQ_Rosters_Provisional_Lists.pdf|title=Player National Team Roster: 2020 Concacaf Men's Olympic Qualifying|work=mcusercontent.com}}</ref> (amụrụ n'abalị iri abụọ na abụọ n'ọnwa Ọktoba n'afọ 2000) bụ onye America na-agba [[Footbọl|bọọlụ]] nke na-agba ọsọ dị ka onye na-agbachitere etiti ma ọ bụ onye na-agbara otu Premier League Leeds United na otu mba United States bọọlụ '''Red Bull Salzburg''' == Mbido ndụ == A zụlitere ya na Medford, [[Nú Jezị|New Jersey]], Aaronson gara Shawnee High School otu afọ tupu a họpụta ya na YSC Academy nke Philadelphia Union, ebe ọ gbara bọọlụ ma gụchaa akwụkwọ sekọndrị ya.<ref>Strauss, Robert. </ref> N'oge ọ nọ na YSC Academy, Aaronson agbaala bọọlụ maka ndị ntorobịa Union tupu ọ banye na Mahadum Indiana ma bịanye aka na nkwekọrịta ya na Bethlehem Steel FC.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.brotherlygame.com/2017/11/20/16671290/brenden-aaronson-philadelphia-union-indiana-university|title=Brenden Aaronson verbally commits to Indiana University for 2019|author=Matthew Ralph|publisher=Brotherly Game|date=November 20, 2017|accessdate=January 1, 2020|archivedate=July 20, 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230720161910/https://www.brotherlygame.com/2017/11/20/16671290/brenden-aaronson-philadelphia-union-indiana-university}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.inquirer.com/philly/sports/soccer/brenden-aaronson-soccer-prospect-philadelphia-union-bethlehem-steel-20180821.html|title=Medford's Brenden Aaronson is the Union's top prospect, and a genuine U.S. soccer playmaker|author=Jonathan Tannenwald|publisher=The Philadelphia Inquire|date=August 21, 2018|accessdate=January 1, 2020}}</ref> == Ọrụ klọb == === Bethlehem Steel === Aaronson pụtara dị ka onye egwuregwu academy na-egwuri egwu maka Bethlehem Steel FC n'oge oge 2017 ha mgbe ha si na academy Philadelphia Union.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://phil.ussoccerda.com/sam/teams/index.php?team=1400696&player=28259855|title=Philadelphia Union|work=phil.ussoccerda.com|accessdate=2022-08-22|archivedate=2017-11-13|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171113165303/http://phil.ussoccerda.com/sam/teams/index.php?team=1400696&player=28259855}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.uslsoccer.com/brendan-aaronson|title=Archived copy|accessdate=July 21, 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170725004309/http://www.uslsoccer.com/brendan-aaronson|archivedate=July 25, 2017}}</ref> N'ọnwa Ọktoba 2017, Aaronson gbara bọọlụ mbụ ya maka Steel FC na mmeri ha meriri Tampa Bay Rowdies.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.brotherlygame.com/2017/10/5/16428392/south-jersey-teens-impress-in-first-starts-for-bethlehem-steel|title=South Jersey teens impress in first starts for Bethlehem Steel|author=Matthew Ralph|publisher=Brotherly Game|date=October 5, 2017|accessdate=January 1, 2020|archivedate=June 7, 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230607223415/https://www.brotherlygame.com/2017/10/5/16428392/south-jersey-teens-impress-in-first-starts-for-bethlehem-steel}}</ref> Aaronson pụtara ugboro iri abụọ na otu maka Steel FC ma gbaa goolu mbụ ya maka ndị ọkachamara megide Atlanta United 2.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.brotherlygame.com/2018/7/30/17629606/bethlehem-steel-players-score-first-pro-goals-in-4-1-win-over-atlanta-united-2|title=Three Steel players score first pro goals in 4-1 win over Atlanta United 2|author=Matthew Ralph|publisher=Brotherly Game|date=July 30, 2018|accessdate=January 1, 2020|archivedate=June 5, 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230605125037/https://www.brotherlygame.com/2018/7/30/17629606/bethlehem-steel-players-score-first-pro-goals-in-4-1-win-over-atlanta-united-2}}</ref> === Otú Philadelphia Union === Na Septemba 17, 2018, a mara ọkwa na Aaronson ga-esonyere Philadelphia Union na mbido oge 2019 ha.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.philadelphiaunion.com/post/2018/09/17/union-sign-midfielder-brenden-aaronson-club-s-sixth-current-homegrown-player|title=Union Sign Midfielder Brenden Aaronson As Club's Sixth Current Homegrown Player &#124; Philadelphia Union|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180917215243/https://www.philadelphiaunion.com/post/2018/09/17/union-sign-midfielder-brenden-aaronson-club-s-sixth-current-homegrown-player|archivedate=September 17, 2018}}</ref> N'abalị iri na asaa n'ọnwa Machị n'afọ 2019, onye ọkpụkpọ ahụ gbara goolu mbụ ya na MLS mbụ ya, na-enyere Philadelphia aka imeri Atlanta United. A na-ewere ya dị ka onye na-eme egwuregwu na Union, mmerụ ahụ na nkwụsịtụ nyere Aaronson ohere ịmalite ma nwee ọganihu na otu mbụ dị ka onye egwuregwu na onye na-agba bọọlụ n'akụkụ aka ekpe.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.prosoccerusa.com/mls/dream-season-continues-for-philadelphia-unions-brenden-aaronson-at-homegrown-game/|title=Dream season continues for Philadelphia Union's Brenden Aaronson at Homegrown Game|first=Joe|author=Tansey|work=ProSoccerUSA|date=July 30, 2019|accessdate=January 1, 2020|archivedate=January 1, 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200101161955/https://www.prosoccerusa.com/mls/dream-season-continues-for-philadelphia-unions-brenden-aaronson-at-homegrown-game/}}</ref> Na ngwụcha oge ọhụrụ ya, Aaronson mechara dịka onye nke abụọ maka ọkwa 2019 MLS Rookie of the year, na goolu atọ na enyemaka abụọ n'ihe karịrị nkeji otu puku, narị isii na nkeji ịrị anọ ọ gbara. Aaronson bụ onye na-agba bọọlụ kachasị nta n'ime ndị ikpeazụ ise.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.brotherlygame.com/2019/10/15/20915621/brenden-aaronson-second-mls-rookie-of-the-year|title=Brenden Aaronson finishes second in Rookie of the Year award voting|first=Matthew|author=Ralph|date=October 15, 2019|work=Brotherly Game|accessdate=August 22, 2022|archivedate=July 20, 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230720155920/https://www.brotherlygame.com/2019/10/15/20915621/brenden-aaronson-second-mls-rookie-of-the-year}}</ref> Oge 2020 ghọrọ afọ dị egwu maka Aaronson onye mechara oge ahụ na mpụta ịrị atọ na otu n'asọmpi niile ma nye goolu anọ. Ọrụ Aaronson n'oge ahụ mere ka o nweta ọtụtụ otuto nke gụnyere ịkpọ aha na 2020 MLS Best XI maka oge oge na MLS bụ Back Tournament.<ref name="2020MLSiBXI">{{Cite web|url=https://www.mlssoccer.com/mls-is-back-tournament/best-xi-presented-bodyarmor|title=MLS is Back Tournament Best XI presented by BODYARMOR|work=MLSsoccer.com|date=August 13, 2020|accessdate=August 19, 2020|archivedate=February 17, 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210217100922/https://www.mlssoccer.com/mls-is-back-tournament/best-xi-presented-bodyarmor}}</ref><ref name="2020MLSXI">{{Cite web|url=https://www.mlssoccer.com/post/2019/11/20/2020-mls-best-xi|title=2020 MLS Best XI presented by Home Depot|work=MLSsoccer.com|date=November 20, 2020|accessdate=November 20, 2020}}</ref> Union ji ihe ndekọ league kachasị mma mechie oge ahụ na-enweta ihe nrite mbụ nke otu ahụ, 2020 Supporters' Shield.<ref name="SS2020">{{Cite news|url=https://www.mlssoccer.com/post/2020/11/07/philadelphia-union-win-2020-mls-supporters-shield-regular-seasons-final-day|title=Philadelphia Union win 2020 MLS Supporters' Shield on regular season's final day|publisher=Major League Soccer|date=November 8, 2020|accessdate=November 9, 2020}}</ref> === Red Bull Salzburg === Mgbe asịrị na-aga n'ihu, a mara ọkwa na Ọktoba 16, 2020, na Aaronson ga-esonyere Red Bull Salzburg malite na Jenụwarị 2021 mgbe oge MLS gwụsịrị.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=FC Red Bull Salzburg - Welcome to Salzburg, Brenden Aaronson!|url=https://www.redbullsalzburg.at/en/fc-red-bull-salzburg/news/saison_2020_21/welcome-to-salzburg-brenden-aaronson.html|accessdate=October 16, 2020|work=redbulls|language=en}}</ref> Ọ bụ ezie na e kpugheghi ego nnyefe ahụ, Philadelphia kwupụtara na ọ ga-abụ ego nnyefe kachasị elu a kwụrụ maka onye America na-agba bọọlụ si MLS.<ref>{{Cite web|date=October 16, 2020|title=Philadelphia Union Agree To Record-Breaking Transfer Of Homegrown Midfielder Brenden Aaronson to UEFA Champions League Club FC Red Bull Salzburg|url=https://www.philadelphiaunion.com/post/2020/10/16/philadelphia-union-agree-record-breaking-transfer-homegrown-midfielder-brenden|accessdate=October 16, 2020|work=Philadelphia Union}}</ref> Akụkọ mbụ gosiri na ego ahụ bụ nde dọla isii, na nde dọla atọ na ihe mkpali nwere ike ime.<ref>{{Cite web|date=October 16, 2020|title=Aaronson joins FC Salzburg in record-breaking transfer|url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/soccer-transfers/story/4209284/aaronson-joins-fc-salzburg-in-record-breaking-transfer-from-philadelphia-union|accessdate=October 16, 2020|work=ESPN}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=October 16, 2020|title=Union sell Brenden Aaronson to Red Bull Salzburg for $6 million|url=https://www.inquirer.com/soccer/philadelphia-union-brenden-aaronson-transfer-fee-red-bull-salzburg-20201016.html|accessdate=October 16, 2020|work=Phila Inquirer}}</ref> Aaronson mere mpụta nke mbụ ya maka Salzburg na Jenụwarị 25, dị ka onye nọchiri anya n'oge mmeri ha meriri Rheindorf Altach.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.mlssoccer.com/post/2021/01/24/former-philadelphia-union-teammates-brenden-aaronson-mark-mckenzie-make-european|title=Former Philadelphia Union teammates Brenden Aaronson, Mark McKenzie make European league debuts|work=MLSsoccer.com|date=January 24, 2021|accessdate=January 25, 2021}}</ref> [[Usòrò:FC_RB_Salzburg_gegen_SK_Sturm_Graz_(24._Oktober_2021)_138.jpg|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/FC_RB_Salzburg_gegen_SK_Sturm_Graz_%2824._Oktober_2021%29_138.jpg/216px-FC_RB_Salzburg_gegen_SK_Sturm_Graz_%2824._Oktober_2021%29_138.jpg|thumb|242x242px|Aaronson n'oge egwuregwu ya na RB Salzburg na 2021]] Aaronson nyere goolu mbụ ya maka Salzburg na Febụwarị 10, 2021, na-agba goolu mmeri n'egwuregwu n'oge mmeri ha meriri [[Austria]] Wien.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.mlssoccer.com/post/2021/02/10/watch-brenden-aaronson-scores-superb-first-red-bull-salzburg-goal|title=WATCH: Brenden Aaronson scores superb first Red Bull Salzburg goal &#124; MLSsoccer.com}}</ref> N'ụbọchị mbụ n'ọnwa Mee, ọ meriri ọlaọcha mbụ ya na Salzburg ka klọb ahụ meriri LASK na ngwụcha nke iko Austria.<ref name="ACW">{{Cite web|url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/fc-salzburg/story/4375188/uss-brenden-aaronsonjesse-marsch-lead-salzburg-to-austrian-cup|title=U.S.'s Brenden Aaronson, Jesse Marsch lead Salzburg to Austrian Cup|work=ESPN|date=May 2, 2021|accessdate=May 2, 2021}}</ref> Aaronson gbara goolu nke abụọ nke egwuregwu ahụ, na nke ise ya na asọmpi niile kemgbe ọ hapụrụ Philadelphia na Jenụwarị.<ref name="ACW" /> === Leeds United === Na Mee 26, 2022, Leeds United kwupụtara mbinye aka Aaronson na nkwekọrịta afọ ise, malite na July 1.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/61598449|title=Leeds United agree deal to sign Brenden Aaronson from Red Bull Salzburg|work=BBC Sport|date=May 26, 2022|accessdate=May 26, 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.leedsunited.com/news/team-news/29944/brenden-aaronson-to-join-leeds-united|title=Brenden Aaronson to join Leeds United|date=26 May 2022|accessdate=May 26, 2022|publisher=Leeds United F.C.|archive-date=2 June 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220602182119/https://www.leedsunited.com/news/team-news/29944/brenden-aaronson-to-join-leeds-united|url-status=dead}}</ref> Sky Sports kọrọ na ego mbufe ga-abụ nde pound ịrị na anọ na puku pound narị asaa.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.skysports.com/football/news/11715/12621990/leeds-transfer-news-red-bull-salzburg-midfielder-brenden-aaronson-signs-on-a-five-year-deal|title=Leeds transfer news: Red Bull Salzburg midfielder Brenden Aaronson signs on a five-year deal|date=May 26, 2022|accessdate=May 26, 2022|work=Sky Sports}}</ref> O mere egwuregwu mbụ ya na Leeds dị ka akụkụ nke iri na otu na-amalite na mmalite oge ha na August 6, na mmeri ha meriri Wolverhampton Wanderers.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2022/aug/06/leeds-wolves-premier-league-match-report|title=Brenden Aaronson inspires Leeds to comeback victory over Wolves|author=Unwin|first=Will|date=6 August 2022|accessdate=7 August 2022|work=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref> N'abalị iri abụọ na otu n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ, Aaronson gbara goolu mbụ ya na Premier League mgbe ọ tụgharịrị na njehie nke Édouard Mendy mere ka e jiri goolu atọ a na-asaghi asa wee merie ndị na-asọmpi Chelsea, nke nyeere Leeds aka inweta mmeri mbụ ha nye ndị Chelsea kemgbe afọ 2002.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Magowan|first=Alistair|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/62537747|title=Leeds United 3–0 Chelsea: Hosts dominate at Elland Road to continue unbeaten start|work=BBC Sport|date=21 August 2022|accessdate=21 August 2022}}</ref> == Ọrụ mba ụwa == Mgbe o gosipụtara oge ọhụrụ siri ike, Aaronson natara oku mbụ ya na otu egwuregwu bọọlụ ụmụ nwoke nke United States n'ọnwa Ọktoba 2019 maka egwuregwu CONCACAF Nations League na Cuba na Canada. O sonyeghi n'egwuregwu ọ bụla.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ussoccer.com/players/a/brenden-aaronson|title=Brenden Aaronson &#124; USMNT &#124; U.S. Soccer Official Site|work=ussoccer.com}}</ref> Aaronson nwetara oku nke abụọ ya na ndị otu okenye maka ogige Jenụwarị 2020.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.inquirer.com/soccer/usmnt-january-camp-2020-roster-qatar-brenden-aaronson-mark-mckenzie-philadelphia-union-20191230.html|title=Union's Brenden Aaronson, Mark McKenzie on first USMNT roster of 2020|author=Jonathan Tannenwald|work=The Philadelphia Inquirer|date=December 30, 2019|accessdate=January 1, 2020}}</ref> Aaronson nwetara nke mbụ ya zuru oke na mmeri ha ji otu goolu a na-asaghi asa wee merie Costa Rica. Ka e mesịrị n'afọ ahụ, Aaronson gbara goolu mbụ ya nke mba ụwa n'oge mmeri 6 na El Salvador na Disemba 2020.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.inquirer.com/soccer/usmnt-el-salvador-brenden-aaronson-chris-mueller-20201209.html|title=Brenden Aaronson scores first USMNT goal in 6-0 rout of El Salvador|work=The Philadelphia Inquirer|date=December 9, 2020|accessdate=December 11, 2020}}</ref> == Ndụ onwe onye == Nwanne ya nwoke Paxten Aaronson na-egwuri egwu maka Philadelphia Union.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Tannenwald|first=Jonathan|title=Union sign Paxten Aaronson, Brenden's brother, to an MLS contract that will start in 2021|url=https://www.inquirer.com/soccer/paxten-aaronson-brenden-philadelphia-union-mls-contract-20200819.html|accessdate=October 12, 2020|work=inquirer.com|language=en-US}}</ref> Egwuregwu Aaronson maka Philadelphia Union na Red Bull Salzburg mere ka a kpọọ ya aha a na-akpọ ya bụ nke a na-ekwu maka ebe a mụrụ ya ma jiri ya tụnyere onye ọkpụkpọ [[Argentina]] Lionel Messi.<ref>{{Cite web|date=August 4, 2021|title=Brenden Aaronson, aka "The Medford Messi" Scores Game Winner Against Barcelona|url=https://www.crossingbroad.com/2021/08/brenden-aaronson-aka-the-medford-messi-scores-game-winner-against-barcelona.html|accessdate=August 5, 2021|work=Crossing Broad|language=en-US}}</ref> == Ndekọ ọnụ ọgụgụ ọrụ == === Klọb === {{updated|match played August 21, 2022}} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center" |+Egwuregwu na ihe mgbaru ọsọ site na klọb, oge na asọmpi ! rowspan="2" |Klọb ! rowspan="2" |Oge ! colspan="3" |Njikọ ! colspan="2" |Iko Mba ! colspan="2" |Kọntinent ! colspan="2" |Ndị ọzọ ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta |- !Nkewa !Ngwa !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ !Ngwa !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ !Ngwa !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ !Ngwa !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ !Ngwa !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ |- | rowspan="3" |Bethlehem Steel FC |2017 |USL Championship |6 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |6 |0 |- |2018 |USL Championship |15 |1 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |15 |1 |- ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta !21 !1 !0 !0 ! colspan="2" |Ọdịdị ! colspan="2" |Ọdịdị !21 !1 |- | rowspan="3" |Njikọ Philadelphia |2019 |MLS |28 |3 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |2<ref group="lower-alpha">Appearance(s) in [[MLS Cup Playoffs]]</ref> |0 |30 |3 |- |2020 |MLS |23<ref group="lower-alpha">Includes three appearances in [[MLS is Back Tournament]] group stage</ref> |4 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |4<ref group="lower-alpha">One appearance in MLS Cup Playoffs, three appearances in [[MLS is Back Tournament]] knockout stage</ref> |0 |27 |4 |- ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta !51 !7 !0 !0 ! colspan="2" |Ọdịdị !6 !0 !57 !7 |- | rowspan="3" |Red Bull Salzburg |2020 21 |Austrian Bundesliga |20 |5 |3 |2 |2<ref group="lower-alpha" name="UEL">Appearance(s) in [[UEFA Europa League]]</ref> |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |25 |7 |- |2021 22 |Austrian Bundesliga |26 |4 |5 |0 |10<ref group="lower-alpha" name="UCL">Appearance(s) in [[UEFA Champions League]]</ref> |2 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |41 |6 |- ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta !46 !9 !8 !2 !12 !2 ! colspan="2" |Ọdịdị !66 !13 |- |Leeds United |202223 |Njikọ Premier |3 |1 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |0 |0 |3 |1 |- ! colspan="3" |Ọrụ zuru ezu !121 !18 !8 !2 !12 !2 !6 !0 !147 !22 |} <references group="lower-alpha" responsive="1"></references> === Mba ụwa === {{updated|match played June 14, 2022}} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+Egwuregwu na ihe mgbaru ọsọ site na otu mba na afọ !Ndị otu mba !Afọ !Mpụta !Goolu |- | rowspan="3" |United States |2020 |2 |1 |- |2021 |13 |4 |- |2022 |7 |1 |- ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta !22 !6 |} : ''Ka ọ na-erule egwuregwu a gbara na June 1, 2022. Akara United States depụtara na mbụ, kọlụm akara na-egosi akara mgbe ihe mgbaru ọsọ Aaronson ọ bụla gasịrị.''<ref name="soccerway">{{Cite web|title=Brenden Aaronson – Soccerway|url=https://int.soccerway.com/players/brenden--aaronson/490587/|accessdate=December 10, 2020}}</ref> {| class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders" |+Ihe mgbaru ọsọ mba ụwa site na ụbọchị, ebe, bọọlụ ndị o gbara, onye mmegide, akara, nsonaazụ na asọmpi ! scope="col" |Mba. ! data-sort-type="date" scope="col" |Ụbọchị ! scope="col" |Ebe a nọ gbaa ya ! scope="col" |Mpụta na mba ụwa ! scope="col" |Onye mmegide ! scope="col" |Ihe ndị a tụrụ ! scope="col" |Nsonaazụ ! scope="col" |Ịsọ mpi |- ! scope="row" |1 |Disemba 9, 2020 |Inter Miami CF Stadium, Fort Lauderdale, United States | align="center" |2 | El Salvador | align="center" |60 | align="center" |60 |Ndị nwere omume enyi |- ! scope="row" |2 |Machị 25, 2021 |Stadion Wiener Neustadt, Wiener Neugadt, Austria | align="center" |3 | Jamaica | align="center" |'''2''' na 0 | align="center" |4 Na 1 |Ndị nwere omume enyi |- ! scope="row" |3 |June 9, 2021 |Rio Tinto Stadium, Sandy, United States | align="center" |7 | Costa Rica | align="center" |'''1''' 0 | align="center" |4 na 0 |Ndị nwere omume enyi |- ! scope="row" |4 |Septemba 5, 2021 |Nissan Stadium, Nashville, United States | align="center" |9 | Canada | align="center" |'''1''' 0 | align="center" |1 1 1 1 |2022 FIFA World Cup iru eru |- ! scope="row" |5 |Septemba 8, 2021 |Estádio Olímpico Metropolitano, San Pedro Sula, Honduras | align="center" |10 | Honduras | align="center" |31 Nke 1 | align="center" |4 Na 1 |2022 FIFA World Cup iru eru |- ! scope="row" |6 |June 1, 2022 |TQL Stadium, Cincinnati, United States | align="center" |19 | Morocco | align="center" |'''1''' 0 | align="center" |30 |Ndị nwere omume enyi |} == Nsọpụrụ == '''Njikọ Philadelphia''' * Ọta ndị na-akwado: 2020<ref name="SS2020"/> * Austrian Bundesliga: 202021, 202122<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.si.com/soccer/2021/05/12/jesse-marsch-salzburg-austrian-bundesliga-title-leipzig|title=Jesse Marsch Accomplishes All He Can in Austria|work=Sports Illustrated|date=May 12, 2021|accessdate=May 12, 2021}}</ref> * Iko mba Austria: 2020 na 2021<ref name="ACW"/> '''United States''' * Njikọ Mba CONCACAF: 201920<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/report?gameId=570981|title=Christian Pulisic, Ethan Horvath lead U.S. over Mexico in Nations League final|work=[[ESPN]]|date=June 6, 2021|accessdate=June 6, 2021}}</ref> '''Onye ọ bụla''' * MLS bụ Back Tournament Best XI: 2020<ref name="2020MLSiBXI"/> * MLS Best XI: 2020<ref name="2020MLSXI"/> == Ebensidee == <references responsive="1"></references> == Njikọ mpụga == * Brenden Aaronson at Soccerway * [https://www.philadelphiaunion.com/players/brenden-aaronson Brenden Aaronson] na Philadelphia Union * [https://www.mlssoccer.com/players/brenden-aaronson Brenden Aaronson] na Major League Soccer * [https://www.ussoccer.com/players/a/brenden-aaronson Brenden Aaronson] na US Soccer [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Otú:Ndị amụrụ n'afọ 2000]] {{DEFAULTSORT:Aaronson, Brenden}} 6hufdzgojd4lrfbt1oz6rz8c2051wla 0 19173 727426 638684 2026-09-23T15:58:40Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727426 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}   [[Category:Articles with short description]] [[Category:Short description is different from Wikidata]] [[Category:Articles with hCards]] '''Ahmed Ololade''' (amụrụ na 13 Jenụwarị 1995), nke a maara dịka Asake, bu onye n’agụ egwu ya na onye na ede egwu Afrobeats nke Naijiria.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Subeditor|date=2022-08-20|title='Mr Money' Asake: Biography, Education, Songs, Girlfriend, Net Worth and Achievement|url=https://newswirengr.com/2022/08/20/mr-money-asake-biography-education-songs-girlfriend-net-worth-and-achievement/|accessdate=2022-09-04|work=NewsWireNGR|language=en-US|archive-date=2022-09-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220904230736/https://newswirengr.com/2022/08/20/mr-money-asake-biography-education-songs-girlfriend-net-worth-and-achievement/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="punchng.com">{{Cite web|date=3 June 2022|title=Olamide inspires me with his knowledge of showbiz –Asake|url=https://punchng.com/olamide-inspires-me-with-his-knowledge-of-showbiz-asake/|accessdate=29 July 2022|work=Punch Newspapers|language=en-US}}</ref> Ọ bịanyere aka na YBNL Nation na Empire Distribution.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Alake|first=Motolani|date=8 February 2022|title=Olamide signs Asake to YBNL|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/music/olamide-signs-asake-to-ybnl/ce5nd8q|accessdate=29 July 2022|work=Pulse Nigeria|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2022-07-19|title=American record label welcomes Asake to fold|url=https://thenationonlineng.net/american-record-label-welcomes-asake-to-fold/|accessdate=2022-09-24|work=The Nation Newspaper|language=en-US}}</ref> Aha egwu ya na-asọpụrụ nne ya, onye aha mbụ ya bụ Asake.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Sare|first=Watimagbo|date=2022-09-29|title=YBNL's Asake Reveals How He Got His Stage Name|url=https://allnews.ng/amp/news/ybnls-asake-reveals-how-he-got-his-stage-name-video|accessdate=2022-09-29|work=Allnews.ng}}</ref> == Ọrụ == Asake gụrụ ihe nkiri na nka na [[Mahadum nke Obafemi Awolowo|Mahadum Obafemi Awolowo]], Ile-Ife, Osun steeti. Ọ bụ ezie na, ọ nọ na-ewepụta egwu kemgbe 2018, ọrụ egwu ya gara n'ihu na 2020 mgbe ọ wepụtara egwu "Mr. Money".<ref>{{Cite web|date=29 June 2022|title=I've been paid ridiculous amounts, used without appreciation – Asake|url=https://punchng.com/ive-been-paid-ridiculous-amounts-used-without-appreciation-singer-asake/|accessdate=29 July 2022|work=Punch Newspapers|language=en-US}}</ref> A remix na [[Zlatan (musician)|Zlatan]] na [[Peruzzi (singer)|Peruzzi]] sochiri. Ọ malitere na ụlọ ọrụ ahụ mgbe ọ kwụsịrị egwu 2020, Lady. Ọ ghọrọ onye ama ama mgbe onye isi ụlọ ọrụ, Olamide bịanyere aka na YBNL Records na Febụwarị 2022.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Asake Revealed How He Was Signed To YBNL|url=https://www.coolfm.ng/news/exclusive-interviews/how-olamide-signed-me-to-ybnl-asake/|accessdate=29 July 2022|work=Cool FM - Your Number One Hit Music Station !|language=en}}</ref> N'ọnwa Febụwarị afọ 2022, Asake wepụtara egwu izizi ya bụ ''Ololade'', nke gosipụtara egwu egwu Asake bụ "Omo Ope” nke[[Olamide]] so ya wee guọ. Otu egwu ọzọ a tọhapụrụ n'egwuregwu ahụ ga-abụ nke a na-emegharị otu ọnwa ka e mesịrị na amaokwu sitere n'aka onye na-ese ihe na Naijiria bụ Burna Boy. Asake emesịri bịanye aka na nkwekọrịta nkesa na Empire na July 2022.<ref>{{Cite web|date=19 July 2022|title=American record label welcomes Asake to fold The Nation Newspaper|url=https://thenationonlineng.net/american-record-label-welcomes-asake-to-fold/|accessdate=29 July 2022|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Asake Joins Empire Distribution Music Label|url=https://www.coolfm.ng/news/editorial/asake-joins-empire-distribution-music-label/|accessdate=29 July 2022|work=Cool FM - Your Number One Hit Music Station !|language=en}}</ref> Asake wepụtara abọm studio mbụ ya Mr. Money With the Vibe na Septemba 8, 2022, ọnwa asaa mgbe a tọhapụrụ EP mbụ ya. Abọm ahụ nwetara nkwado site na egwu egwu, "Terminator", "Peace Be Unto You" na "Sungba" remix na Burna Boy. Abọm ahụ nwetara otuto dị elu site n'aka ndị na-akwado ya na mba ya nke Naịjirịa, yana n'ofe ụwa wee gaa n'ihu na-agbaji ọtụtụ ndekọ n'ụwa niile.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Asake breaks Apple Music record with his debut album|date=15 September 2022|url=https://correctng.com/asake-breaks-apple-music-record-with-his-debut-album//|publisher=Correct NG|accessdate=17 September 2022|archivedate=15 September 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220915174244/https://www.correctng.com/asake-breaks-apple-music-record-with-his-debut-album/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Asake's Mr. Money With the Vibe debuts on Billboard world and UK Album Charts|date=13 September 2022|url=https://pulse.ng/entertainment/music/asakes-mr-money-with-the-vibe-debuts-on-billboard-world-and-uk-album-charts/zetk2h2.amp|publisher=Pulse NG|accessdate=17 September 2022|archivedate=14 September 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220914081251/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/music/asakes-mr-money-with-the-vibe-debuts-on-billboard-world-and-uk-album-charts/zetk2h2.amp}}</ref> Ọ gakwara n'ihu ịhazi njem zuru ụwa ọnụ maka abọm izizi ya, na-aga n'ihu ire O2 Academy Brixton na Obodo ndi ocha.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2022/09/asake-sells-out-o2-london-show-in-minutes/|title=Asake sells out O2 London show in minutes|date=30 September 2022}}</ref> N'abalị iri abụọ na otu n'ọnwa Ọktoba n'afọ 2022, Roqqu, kpughere Asake dị ka onye nnọchi anya ha kachasị ọhụrụ.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Roqqu unveils Mr Money Asake as Latest Ambassador|date=21 October 2022|url=https://tribuneonlineng.com/roqqu-unveils-mr-money-asake-as-latest-ambassador/|work=Tribune Online NG|accessdate=23 October 2022}}</ref> == Ụdị egwu == Asake na-ejikarị mmepụta Afro na Amapiano eme ihe.<ref>{{Cite web|date=25 July 2022|title=Asake Teases Brand New Single 'Terminator'|url=https://editor.guardian.ng/life/music/asake-teases-brand-new-single-terminator/|accessdate=29 July 2022|work=The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News|language=en-US|archivedate=29 July 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220729105003/https://editor.guardian.ng/life/music/asake-teases-brand-new-single-terminator/}}</ref> E nwere akụkụ nke Fújì n'abụ ya. == Nkọwapụta == === Abọm studio === * Mr. Money With The Vibe (2022) Nọmba 66 US <nowiki><i id="mwSg">Billboard</i></nowiki> 200, Nọmba 96 Canadian Albums Chart === Egwuregwu ndị gbasaa === * ''Ololade'' (2022) === Sọya === ==== Dị ka onye isi egwụ ==== {| class="wikitable" |+ !Afọ !Abụ !Ọnọdụ chaatị kachasị elu ![Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] |- |2022 |"Omo Ope" nke gosipụtara [[Olamide]] | |<ref name="punchng.com"/><ref>{{Cite web|date=22 February 2022|title=Essentials: Asake comes into his own as an upcoming star with eponymous debut EP|url=https://thenativemag.com/essentials-asake-debut-ep/|accessdate=29 July 2022|work=The NATIVE|language=en-US}</ref> == Vidio egwu == {| class="wikitable sortable" |+Ndepụta vidiyo egwu dị ka onye ndu na onye na-ese ihe, na-egosi afọ a tọhapụrụ na ndị nduzi !Aha ya !Afọ !Onye nduzi |- |"Omo Ope" (Asake na-egosi Olamide) | rowspan="8" |2022 |[[TG Omori]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Asake and Olamide joins forces in 'Omo Ope'|date=16 February 2022|url=https://www.kemifilani.ng/music/asaka-and-olamide-omo-ope/|work=KemiFilani|accessdate=15 September 2022}}</ref> |- |"Sungba" (Asake) |TG Omori<ref>{{Cite web|title=Asake drops the visuals to 'Sungba'|date=4 March 2022|url=https://thepgmclub.com/blog/asake-drops-the-visuals-to-sungba/|work=The PGM Club|accessdate=15 September 2022|archivedate=15 September 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220915083901/https://thepgmclub.com/blog/asake-drops-the-visuals-to-sungba/}}</ref> |- |"Sungba Remix" (Asake na-egosi Burna Boy) |TG Omori<ref>{{Cite web|title=New Video Alert: Asake Drops 'Sungba' Remix Ft. Burna Boy|date=28 March 2022|url=https://allnews.ng/news/new-video-alert-asake-drops-sungba-remix-ft-burna-boy|work=All News NG|accessdate=15 September 2022}}</ref> |- |"Palazzo" (DJ Spinall na-egosi Asake) |TG Omori<ref>{{Cite web|title=DJ Spinall And Asake Share Video For New Song "Palazzo"|date=13 May 2022|url=https://mediarants.com/dj-spinall-and-asake-share-video-for-new-song-palazzo-watch|work=MediaRants|accessdate=15 September 2022|archivedate=15 September 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220915151013/https://mediarants.com/dj-spinall-and-asake-share-video-for-new-song-palazzo-watch/}}</ref> |- |"Udo dịrị gị" (Nwee obi) |TG Omori |- |"Onye na-akwụsị" (Asake) |TG Omori<ref>{{Cite web|title=Asake releases "Terminator" Music Video|date=19 August 2022|url=https://guardian.ng/life/asake-releases-terminator-music-video|work=The Guardian NG|accessdate=15 September 2022}}</ref> |- |"Joha" (Asake) |TG Omori<ref>{{Cite web|title=Asake releases dance-filled video for "Joha"|date=6 October 2022|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2022/10/asake-releases-dance-filled-video-for-joha/|work=Vanguard NGR|accessdate=6 October 2022}}</ref> |- |"Loaded" (Tiwa Savage na-egosi Asake) |TG Omori<ref>{{Cite web|title=Tiwa Savage - "Loaded" feat Asake [Audio+Video]|date=8 November 2022|url=https://novice2star.com/2022/11/08/download-tiwa-savage-loaded-feat-asake/|work=Novice2star|accessdate=8 November 2022|archivedate=7 November 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20221107234438/https://novice2star.com/2022/11/08/download-tiwa-savage-loaded-feat-asake/}}</ref> |} == Njem == * Maazị Ego na Vibe (2022)<ref>{{Cite web|date=2022-09-28|title=Asake announces 'Mr Money With The Vibe' UK tour|url=http://lifestyle.thecable.ng/asake-announces-mr-money-with-the-vibe-uk-tour/|accessdate=2022-10-04|work=TheCable Lifestyle|language=en-US}}</ref> == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Ndi égwú nke Naigeria]] /ref> |- |"Sungba Remix" (Asake na-egosi Burna Boy) |TG Omori e2alm99wk95ogak1bq97ja2961u7kn7 0 20062 727521 595331 2026-09-24T05:29:46Z CommonsDelinker 87 Removing [[:c:File:Bosun_Tijani,_CEO_and_Co-founder,_Co-creation_Hub_(CcHUB).jpg|Bosun_Tijani,_CEO_and_Co-founder,_Co-creation_Hub_(CcHUB).jpg]], it has been deleted from Commons by [[:c:User:Krd|Krd]] because: No permission since 16 September 2026. 727521 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}  [[Usòrò:Bosun Tijani, co-founder of Co-Creation Hub in Lagos, talks about their work at Open Up! (8185444834).jpg|thumb|Co-Creation Hub]] Co-Creation Hub, nke a na-akpọkarị '''Cc-HUB''' ma ọ bụ HUB, bụ ụlọ ọrụ na-ahụ maka [[Nka na Uzu|teknụzụ]] nke dị na [[Yaba, Lagos|Yaba]], mpaghara [[Lagos|Lagos Steeti]]. Bosun Tijani na Femi Longe guzobere ya n'afọ 2010, ọ na-enye ikpo okwu ebe ndị na-ahụ maka [[Nka na Uzu|teknụzụ]] na-ekerịta echiche iji dozie nsogbu mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya na Naịjirịa.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|url=http://edition.cnn.com/2013/03/22/tech/innovation/nigeria-cc-hub/|title=Tech hub working on 'Nigeria's next big idea'|work=[[CNN]]|author=Errol Barnett|date=22 March 2013|accessdate=6 September 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://novoed.com/venture1-2014-2/reports/256479|title=Co-Creation Hub (CCHub) - Transforming Ideas to Products or Solutions|work=novoed.com|author=Ndianabasi Udonkang|date=|accessdate=6 September 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160911105339/https://novoed.com/venture1-2014-2/reports/256479|archivedate=11 September 2016}}</ref> Cc-HUB kwadoro onye guzobere Facebook, Mark Zuckerberg, n'oge ọ gara Naịjirịa n'abalị iri atọ n'ọnwa Ọgọọst afọ 2016.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.hngn.com/articles/204422/20160901/zuckerberg-provides-nigeria-push.htm|title=Zuckerberg's visit to Nigeria provides much-needed economic push|work=Headlines & Global News|author=|date=1 September 2016|accessdate=6 September 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://techcrunch.com/2016/08/31/mark-zuckerberg-meets-with-african-tech-leaders-on-nigerian-tour/|title=Mark Zuckerberg meets with African tech leaders on Nigerian tour|work=[[Tech Crunch]]|author=Jake Bright|date=31 August 2016|accessdate=6 September 2016}}</ref> == Akụkọ ihe mere eme == Bosun Tijani na Femi Longe guzobere Co-Creation Hub n'ọnwa Ọktoba afọ 2010. Ọ meghere na Septemba 2011 dị ka ụlọ ọrụ na-emepụta ihe ọhụrụ na 294, Herbert Macaulay, [[Yaba, Lagos|Yaba]], na-eje ozi dị ka ụlọ nyocha na-emeghe na-emegide onwe ya iji mee ka ngwa ngwa nke isi obodo na teknụzụ maka ọganihu akụ na ụba. A na-ekwu na usoro ya na-adabere na itinye aka na otu ndị na-aga n'ihu (ndị ọrụ na njedebe, ndị ọkachamara na isiokwu, ụlọ ọrụ gọọmentị, azụmaahịa, agụmakwụkwọ, ndị obodo na ihe ọmụma ha na-eweta na ihe ọmụma iji rụọ ọrụ na ịmepụta ngwọta maka ihe ịma aka mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya nke ndị Naijiria na-eche ihu. <ref name=":0" /> Na CcHub, a na-akwado ihe ọhụrụ site n'aka ndị ọchụnta ego site na ndụmọdụ, ntụziaka na ego site na ngalaba pre-incubation na nyocha. CcHub bụ otu n'ime ụlọ ọrụ ọhụrụ ole na ole na-akwado ego n'Africa ma bụrụkwa ebe obibi nke ihe karịrị ụlọ ọrụ Naijiria iri ise, dị ka BudgIT, Wecyclers, Truppr, Genii Games, Lifebank, GoMyWay, Vacantboards, Traclist, Autobox, Stutern, Findworka, Grit Systems na Mamalette.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://qz.com/574892/nigerian-incubator-co-creation-hub-has-launched-a-5-million-investment-fund/|title=Nigerian incubator Co-Creation Hub has launched a $5 million investment fund|work=Quartz Africa|author=Yomi Kazeem|date=15 December 2015|accessdate=6 September 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://punchng.com/our-platform-focuses-on-expectant-mothers-lawal//|title=Our platform focuses on expectant mothers –Lawal|work=Punch Nigeria|author=Ife Adedapo|date=8 February 2016|accessdate=10 September 2016}}</ref> Na Maachị 2018, Stanbic IBTC Bank malitere Blue Lab, ebe ọhụrụ nke Co-Creation Hub kwadoro.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://techpoint.ng/2018/03/09/stanbic-ibtc-bank-launches-innovation-hub-yaba/|title=Stanbic IBTC Bank launches innovation hub in Yaba|work=techpoint.ng|language=en-US|accessdate=2018-04-02|archivedate=2018-04-02|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180402225909/https://techpoint.ng/2018/03/09/stanbic-ibtc-bank-launches-innovation-hub-yaba/}}</ref> == Uto Capital site na CcHub == N'ọnwa Disemba 2015, Tijani kwupụtara mmalite nke Growth Capital na mmekorita ya na Bank of Industry (BoI), Venture Garden Group (VGG) na Omidyar Network (ON).<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://bosuntijani.com/?p=286/|title=Growth Capital by CcHUB – a new beginning!|work=Bosun Tijani|author='Bosun Tijani|date=12 December 2015|accessdate=8 September 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.gc.fund/|title=GC by CCHub's Website|date=1 September 2016|accessdate=7 September 2016}}</ref> Ọ bụ aka itinye ego nke a setịpụrụ itinye otu nde Naira na ụlọ ọrụ teknụzụ mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya bụ ndị na-ewu teknụzụ nke na-eme ka ọrụ ọha na eze mara mma mgbe ha na-ejikọ ha na ụmụ amaala na / ma ọ bụ teknụzụ nwere ọgụgụ isi na-ejikarị ọtụtụ ọrụ ọha na ibe ha iji mee ka ụmụ amaala nwee ike ịnweta ha.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://innovation-village.com/n1bn-cchub-growth-capital-officially-launched/|title=N1BN CCHUB GROWTH CAPITAL OFFICIALLY LAUNCHED|work=Innovation Nigeria|author='Paul Adepoju|date=19 January 2016|accessdate=8 September 2016}}</ref> Onye isi GC, Tunji Eleso, n'ajụjụ ọnụ ya na Tech Crunch, kwuru na mgbe ọ kwadoro mmalite site na echiche, pre-incubation ruo incubation maka afọ ise (5) ọ ghọrọ ihe dị mkpa iji gaa n'ihu site na ịkwado ndị na-eto eto mana ka chọrọ nkwado.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://techpoint.ng/2016/01/19/cchub-growth-capital-fund-interview/|title=Everything You Need to Know About the CcHub’s ₦1b Growth Capital Fund|author=Victor Ekwealor|date=19 January 2016|accessdate=8 September 2016|archivedate=24 September 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160924004754/https://techpoint.ng/2016/01/19/cchub-growth-capital-fund-interview/}}</ref> Ego nke Growth Capital nyere site na CcHUB bụ iji kwado ndị ọchụnta ego na-ewu akụrụngwa maka ọdịnihu Naịjirịa. "Kpọmkwem, anyị na-ele ngwaahịa / ọrụ / ngwaọrụ teknụzụ nke ga-eme ka ọrụ ọha na eze bụrụ ndị maara ihe ma n'otu oge ahụ jikọta ụmụ amaala Naịjirịa na ọrụ ndị ahụ", Eleso gbakwunyere. == Make-IT Accelerator == A haziri mmemme Make-IT Accelerator site na Co-Creation Hub iji mee ka nkà ndị ọchụnta ego sikwuo ike maka ịbawanye ihe ọhụrụ ha na inweta uto, imekọ ihe ọnụ na njikere itinye ego. A na-etinye usoro ihe omume ahụ na Naijiria na [[Kenya]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://disrupt-africa.com/2017/12/nigerias-cchub-selects-15-startups-for-make-it-accelerator/|title=Nigeria’s CcHub selects 15 startups for Make-IT accelerator|date=2017-12-04|work=Disrupt Africa|accessdate=2018-04-02|language=en-US}}</ref> == Ima aka Giving4Good == E mere ihe ịma aka Giving4Good nke Co-Creation Hub malitere iji chọpụta ụzọ teknụzụ nwere ike isi mee ka ndị ọrụ ebere n'otu n'otu na CSOs na NGOs na Naịjirịa. Ụlọ ọrụ atọ kachasị elu na-enweta ego jikọtara ọnụ nke ruru Euros iri atọ na ise, usoro mmemme Pre-Incubation nke Hub ga-akwado ha.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.techcityng.com/co-creation-hub-giving4good-challenge-2018-for-nigeria-up-to-35000-in-funding/|title=Co-Creation Hub Giving4Good Challenge 2018 for Nigeria (Up to £35,000 in funding) - TechCity|work=www.techcityng.com|language=en-US|accessdate=2018-04-02}}</ref> == iHub == N'ụbọchị iri abụọ na isii nke Septemba 2019, a mara ọkwa na Co-Creation Hub nwetara Nairobi iHub.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://social.techcrunch.com/2019/09/26/nigerias-cchub-acquires-kenyas-ihub-to-create-mega-africa-incubator/|title=Nigeria’s CcHub acquires Kenya’s iHub to create mega Africa incubator|work=TechCrunch|language=en-US|accessdate=2019-11-25}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ihub.co.ke/blogs/34437/cchub-acquires-ihub|title=CcHUB Acquires iHub|work=IHUB|language=en|accessdate=2019-11-25|archivedate=2019-09-26|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190926174307/https://ihub.co.ke/blogs/34437/cchub-acquires-ihub}}</ref> == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] l1sp05bg1dmn4aqh21t8xdrhn5tpgik 0 20156 727545 578175 2026-09-24T07:05:41Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727545 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Usòrò:Chiney_Ogwumike.jpg|thumb|Chiney Ogwumike]]{{Databox}} '''Chinenye''' "'''Chiney'''" '''Ogwumike''' bụ onye (amụrụ na Machị 21, 1992) bụ onye Naijiria-Amerịka ọkachamara na-agba bọọlụ maka Los Angeles Sparks nke Women's National Basketball Association (WNBA). Ka ọ na-erule 2020, ọ ghọrọ nwanyị ojii mbụ na-akwado ihe ngosi redio mba maka ESPN, bụrụkwa onye egwuregwu WNBA mbụ mere ya. Ọ bụ otu n'ime ndị na-akọwa ihe mbụ na ndị na-eto eto a kpọrọ aha onye nyocha NBA maka netwọk na-ekpuchi NBA, WNBA, na egwuregwu dịgasị iche iche, mgbe ọ na-egwu na WNBA n'otu oge. Chiney bụ onye gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Mahadum Stanford, ebe ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ na mmekọrịta mba ụwa. Ọ gbara bọọlụ n'egwuregwu Final Fours atọ ma mechie dị ka onye ndú nnọkọ na ịgba goolu na rebounding ka ọ na-erule Jenụwarị mkpụrụ ụbọchị atọ, 2014.<ref>[http://blog.sfgate.com/stanfordsports/2014/01/03/fourth-ranked-cardinal-set-for-a-wild-one/ Ogwumike sets rebound mark, dominates Oregon in Cardinal win]</ref> Ka ọ na-erule n'afọ 2016, a họpụtara Ogwumike ka ọ bụrụ osote onye isi oche nke WNBA Players Association, ma bịanye aka na nkwekọrịta nkwado na Adidas.<ref>[http://www.espn.com/wnba/story/_/id/17828322/wnba-players-turn-nneka-ogwumike-players-union-president MVP Nneka Ogwumike elected WNBA players' union president]</ref> Na Mee 2018, Ogwumike bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta ọtụtụ afọ na ESPN iji bụrụ onye nyocha basketball oge niile.<ref>[https://www.essence.com/news/exclusive-wnba-star-chiney-ogwumike-multi-year-agreement-espn EXCLUSIVE: WNBA Star Chiney Ogwumike Signs Multi-Year Agreement With ESPN To Become Regular Analyst]</ref> == Ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị == A mụrụ ya na Tomball, Texas, Ogwumike gara Cypress Fairbanks High School na Cypress dị nso, Texas, merie 5A State Championship na oge nke abụọ na oge ndị okenye.<ref name="ChineyWNBA">{{Cite web|title=Chiney Ogwumike - WNBA.com - Official Site of the WNBA|url=https://www.wnba.com/player/chiney-ogwumike/#/bio|work=WNBA.com - Official Site of the WNBA|accessdate=December 3, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.usabasketball.com/bios/ogwumike_chiney.html |title=USA Basketball profile |accessdate=2022-09-26 |archivedate=2010-10-01 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101001085859/http://www.usabasketball.com/bios/ogwumike_chiney.html }}</ref> A kpọrọ Ogwumike WBCA na McDonald's All-American. O sonyere na 2010 WBCA High School All-America Game, ebe o nwetara akara iri abụọ na anọ , ma nweta nsọpụrụ MVP maka ndị otu White. == Kọleji == Ogwumike họọrọ Stanford karịa Connecticut na Notre Dame, sonyeere nwanne ya nwanyị Nneka Ogwumike.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://espn.go.com/high-school/girls-basketball/story/_/id/4648084/chiney-ogwumike-opts-stanford|title=espn.go.com: Chiney Ogwumike opts for Stanford|publisher=ESPN|date=November 12, 2009|accessdate=2013-03-22}}</ref> Ogwumike kwụsịrị ọrụ Stanford ya na 2014 dị ka onye ndu na-agba ọsọ oge niile maka nwoke na nwanyị ọ bụla na akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Pac-12, ndekọ nke dara na 2016 na Kelsey Plum nke Washington.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.seattletimes.com/sports/uw-husky-basketball/kelsey-plum-becomes-pac-12-all-time-leading-scorer-during-uw-boise-state-game/|title=Kelsey Plum becomes Pac-12 all-time leading scorer, scores 44 to lift UW past Boise State|first=Percy|author=Allen|work=[[The Seattle Times]]|date=December 11, 2016|accessdate=December 31, 2016}}</ref> == USA Basketball == A kpọrọ Ogwumike aha na otu USA Basketball U18 . Ndị otu USA bụ otu n'ime ndị otu asatọ si North, South na Central America, tinyere Caribbean, kpọrọ ka ha sonye na 2010 FIBA Americas U18 Championship For Women, nke emere na US Olympic Training Center, na Colorado Springs, Colorado. Jennifer Rizzotti zụrụ ndị otu ahụ. Ogwumike malitere egwuregwu ise niile ma bụrụ onye na-ebute akara na 13.2 n'egwuregwu ọ bụla. Ọ bụkwa onye na-ebute ụzọ na 7.4 rebounds kwa egwuregwu. Ndị otu USA meriri egwuregwu ise niile wee nweta ihe nrite ọla edo. Usoro a na-ahụkarị bụ maka ndị egwuregwu nọ na otu U18 ịkwaga na otu U19 . Otú ọ dị. Ogwumike gbara nke ọma dị ka U18 nke na a kwalitere ya na otu World University Games maka 2011 World University Games nke emere na Shenzhen, China. Chiney abụghị naanị Ogwumike nọ n'òtù ahụ, dịka nwanne ya nwanyị, Nneka Ogwumike, nọkwa n'òtle ahụ. Ha abụọ malitere egwuregwu ọ bụla, na Chiney na-enweta ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ akara iri n'egwuregwu ọ bụla. Ọ gbara iri abụọ na ise n'ime iri atọ na asaa ịgba égbè maka otu na-eduga 67.6% ịgba égbè. O nyeere USA aka imeri egwuregwu isii niile ma nweta ihe nrite ọla edo. == Ọrụ mba ofesi == N'afọ 2014 na Europe, Ogwumike gbara bọọlụ na [[Italy|Ịtali]] maka Famila Schio.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.usab.com/basketball/players/womens/o/ogwumike-chiney.aspx |title=CHINEY OGWUMIKE |access-date=2022-09-26 |archive-date=2015-05-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150527042405/http://www.usab.com/basketball/players/womens/o/ogwumike-chiney.aspx |url-status=dead}}</ref> N'oge oge WNBA nke afọ 2016, Ogwumike bịanyere aka na Henan Phoenix nke WCBA maka oge China nke afọ 2016 na afọ 17.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.asia-basket.com/China/news/467623/Chinese-WCBA-round-5-best-performance:-Chiney-Ogwumike |title=Chinese WCBA round 5 best performance: Chiney Ogwumike |accessdate=2022-09-26 |archivedate=2018-10-30 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181030131226/https://www.asia-basket.com/China/news/467623/Chinese-WCBA-round-5-best-performance:-Chiney-Ogwumike }}</ref> N'egwuregwu nke ise ya na ndị otu ahụ, Ogwumike nwetara akara iri ise na isii (na 23 nke 24 field goal shooting) yana 12 rebounds Ọ ga-emecha merie MVP nke mbụ, na-enweta akara 33.6 kwa egwuregwu na 12.4 rebounds kwa egwuregwu, tupu mmerụ ahụ achilles ya.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.womensbasketball247.com/2016/10/chinese-league-round-5-october-25th/ |title=Chinese League Round 5 October 25th |accessdate=2022-09-26 |archivedate=2022-07-28 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220728082618/http://www.womensbasketball247.com/2016/10/chinese-league-round-5-october-25th/ }}</ref><ref>[http://www.wnba.com/news/wnba-players-making-mark-overseas/ WNBA Players Making Their Mark Overseas]</ref><ref>[http://www.courant.com/sports/basketball/connecticut-sun/hc-connecticut-sun-chiney-1202-20161201-story.html Sun's Chiney Ogwumike Could Miss Entire Season]</ref> == Ọrụ WNBA == Ogwumike bụ onye mbụ e dere n'ozuzu ya na 2014 WNBA draft site na Connecticut Sun. N'oge ọhụrụ ya, Ogwumike ghọrọ onye mbido, na-enweta akara 15.5 dị elu n'egwuregwu ọ bụla na 7.5 rebounds kwa egwuregwu. A kpọrọ ya WNBA All-Star ya na nwanne ya nwanyị Nneka Ogwumike, na-aghọ ụmụnne nwanyị abụọ mbụ a họpụtara n'egwuregwu WNBA All.<ref>[https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/wnba/2014/07/15/ogwumike-sisters-headline-wnba-all-star-reserves/12711179/ Ogwumike sisters headline WNBA All-Star reserves]</ref> Ogwumike ga-emeri WNBA Rookie of the Year Award na 2014. Ogwumike nọdụrụ n'oge niile nke afọ 2015 ka ọ na-agbake site na micro-fracture na ikpere aka nri ya nke ọ nwere ọtụtụ ọnwa tupu oge ahụ. Ogwumike laghachiri n'ụzọ dị mma maka oge 2016, na-egwu egwuregwu iri atọ na atọ na iri na asatọ na-amalite mgbe ọ na-enweta akara 12.6 kwa egwuregwu. O nwetara akara 26 kachasị elu na 15 rebounds na mmeri egwuregwu oge niile megide Dallas Wings.<ref>[http://www.courant.com/sports/basketball/hc-wnba-roundup-0721-20160720-story.html Chiney Ogwumike Scores Career-High 26 To Lead Sun Past Wings]</ref> N'ọnwa Disemba 2016, a mara ọkwa na a wara Ogwumike ahụ mgbe ọ merụrụ ahụ mgbe ọ na-egwuri egwu na mba ofesi na China n'oge WNBA offseason.<ref>[http://www.norwichbulletin.com/sports/20161201/connecticut-sun-forward-chiney-ogwumike-could-miss-2017-season-following-achilles-surgery Connecticut Sun forward Chiney Ogwumike could miss 2017 season following Achilles surgery]</ref> E wepụrụ ya na oge mgbake nke ọnwa isii na itoolu, nke mere ka ọ hapụ oge WNBA nke afọ 2017.<ref>[http://www.wnba.com/news/chiney-ogwumike-undergoes-achilles-surgery/ Chiney Ogwumike Undergoes Achilles Surgery]</ref> N'ọnwa Eprel 2017, Sun kwụsịtụrụ Ogwumike maka oge niile nke afọ 2017 iji wepụta ebe a na-edepụta aha n'ihi mmerụ ahụ ya na n'otu ọnwa ahụ, ọ bịanyekwara aka na nkwekọrịta nkwekọrịta.<ref>[http://www.norwichbulletin.com/sports/20170422/sun-offer-chiney-ogwumike-contract-extension-suspend-her-for-season Sun offer Chiney Ogwumike contract extension, suspend her for season]</ref> Na ụbọchị iri na abụọ n'ọnwa Mee , 2018, Ogwumike laghachiri na Sun na oge izizi ha, na-egwu egwuregwu WNBA mbụ ya n'ime afọ abụọ. N'ime nkeji iri na asaa nke egwuregwu, o nwetara akara itoolu na mmalite na mmeri 101 na 65 na Las Vegas Aces.<ref>[https://www.swishappeal.com/wnba/2018/5/20/17370988/2018-wnba-preview-connecticut-sun-las-vegas-aces-jonquel-jones-aja-wilson-chiney-ogwumike Preview: Connecticut Sun hosts Las Vegas Aces in the teams’ season opener]</ref><ref>[Preview: Connecticut Sun hosts Las Vegas Aces in the teams’ season opener Mohegan Sun Arena Sunday, May 20, 2018]</ref> N'abalị iri atọ n'ọnwa Juun afọ 2018, Ogwumike nwetara akara ọhụrụ dị elu nke akara iri atọ na mmeri 103 na Seattle Storm.<ref>[https://www.heraldnet.com/sports/howards-career-high-25-points-lift-storm-past-sun/ Howard’s career-high 25 points lift Storm past Sun]</ref> Ka e mesịrị na oge 2018, a mara ọkwa na a họpụtara Ogwumike n'ime 2018 WNBA All-Star Game, na-eme ka ọ bụrụ nke abụọ ya.<ref>[http://www.wnba.com/news/chiney-ogwumikes-road-to-all-star-return/ Chiney Ogwumike’s Road To All-Star Return]</ref> Sun mechiri dị ka mkpụrụ nke anọ na league na ndekọ 21 z13, na-enweta bye na egwuregwu nke abụọ. Sun ga-efunahụ Phoenix Mercury na 9686. N'ụbọchị iri abụọ na asatọ n'ọnwa April 2019, e rere Ogwumike na Los Angeles Sparks maka nhọrọ nke mbụ nke afọ 2020, na-eweghachi ya na nwanne ya nwanyị Nneka.<ref>[https://www.slamonline.com/wnba/sparks-trade-for-chiney-ogwumike/ Sparks Trade For Chiney Ogwumike]</ref> Sparks mechiri dị ka mkpụrụ nke atọ na ndekọ 22-12, na-enweta bye na agba nke abụọ. N'egwuregwu nke abụọ, Sparks meriri onye na-agbachitere Seattle Storm 92-69. Na ọkara ikpeazụ, ndị otu mbụ ya, Connecticut Sun, wepụrụ Sparks na egwuregwu atọ. Na June 2020, Ogwumike kwupụtara na ọ ga-anọdụ ala na oge WNBA nke 2020 n'ihi nchegbu ahụike nke igwu egwu na bubble n'oge ọrịa COVID-19.<ref>[https://bleacherreport.com/articles/2897903-sparks-chiney-ogwumike-kristi-toliver-opt-to-sit-out-2020-wnba-season Sparks' Chiney Ogwumike, Kristi Toliver Opt to Sit Out 2020 WNBA Season]</ref> Na-enweghị Ogwumike, Sparks mechiri oge 15-7 dị ka mkpụrụ nke atọ na-aga na agba nke abụọ mana Connecticut Sun ga-ewepụ ya na egwuregwu mmeri. Na Febụwarị 2021, Ogwumike bịanyere aka na Sparks maka nkwekọrịta ọtụtụ afọ.<ref>[https://www.thescore.com/wnba/news/2121873 Sparks re-sign Chiney Ogwumike to multi-year deal]</ref> == Ọrụ ESPN == Na Mee 2018, Ogwumike bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta ọtụtụ afọ na ESPN iji bụrụ onye nyocha basketball oge niile. N'ọnwa Ọgọstụ 2020, ọ ghọrọ nwanyị ojii mbụ na-akwado ihe ngosi redio mba maka ESPN, ebe ọ ghọkwara onye egwuregwu WNBA mbụ mere ya. Ọ bụ otu n'ime ndị na-akọwa ihe kachasị ọhụrụ a ga-akpọ onye nyocha NBA oge niile maka ESPN, mgbe ọ na-egwu na WNBA n'otu oge. Ogwumike na Mike Golic Jr., jikọrọ aka, dị ka onye na-akwado ihe ngosi redio ESPN Chiney & Golic Jr..<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.espn.com/espnradio/podcast/archive?id=29552514|title=Chiney & Golic Jr. Show - PodCenter}}</ref> Mgbe a haziri ihe nkiri NBA nke ESPN, ọ sonyeere usoro ''NBA'' Today kwa ụbọchị dị ka onye nyocha na-agbanwe agbanwe na studio. == Ndekọ ọnụ ọgụgụ ọrụ kọleji == {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+Ndekọ ọnụ ọgụgụ ọrụ kọleji<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://web1.ncaa.org/stats/StatsSrv/careersearch|title=NCAA® Career Statistics|work=web1.ncaa.org|accessdate=2016-05-12}}</ref> ! scope="col" |Afọ ! scope="col" |Ìgwè ! scope="col" |GP ! scope="col" |Ihe Ndị E Si Nweta ! scope="col" |FG% ! scope="col" |3P% ! scope="col" |FT% ! scope="col" |RPG ! scope="col" |APG ! scope="col" |SPG ! scope="col" |BPG ! scope="col" |PPG |- ! scope="row" |2010-11 |Stanford |35 |409 |.574 |.000 |.626 |8.0 |0.9 |'''1.5''' |0.8 |11.7 |- ! scope="row" |2011-12 |Stanford |'''37''' |556 |.583 |.000 |.663 |10.1 |1.4 |0.8 |1.2 |15.0 |- ! scope="row" |201213 |Stanford |36 |805 |.586 |.250 |'''.776''' |'''12.9''' |1.5 |1.4 |1.7 |22.4 |- ! scope="row" |201314 |Stanford |'''37''' |'''967''' |'''.601''' |'''.267''' |.713 |12.1 |'''1.7''' |1.2 |'''1.8''' |'''26.1''' |- ! colspan="2;" align="center" scope="row" |Ọrụ |145 |2,737 |.589 |.263 |.705 |10.8 |1.4 |1.2 |1.4 |18.9 |} == Ndekọ ọnụ ọgụgụ WNBA == {{WNBA player statistics legend}} === Oge a na-eme mgbe niile === {{WNBA player statistics start}} |- | style="text-align:left;"| [[2014 WNBA season|2014]] | style="text-align:left;"| [[Connecticut Sun|Connecticut]] | 31 || '''31''' || '''29.7''' || .536 || .000 || .693 || '''7.5''' || 0.6 || '''1.1''' || '''1.1''' || 1.9 || '''15.5''' |- | style="text-align:left;"| [[2016 WNBA season|2016]] | style="text-align:left;"| [[Connecticut Sun|Connecticut]] | '''33''' || 18 || 24.3 ||.587 || .000 || .719 || 6.7 || 0.7 || 1.0 || 1.0 || 1.5 || 12.6 |- | style="text-align:left;"| [[2018 WNBA season|2018]] | style="text-align:left;"| [[Connecticut Sun|Connecticut]] | 31 || 31 || 25.5 ||'''.603''' || .500 || .797 || 7.3 || 1.0 || '''1.1''' || 0.6 || 1.6 || 14.4 |- | style="text-align:left;"| [[2019 WNBA season|2019]] | style="text-align:left;"| [[Los Angeles Sparks|Los Angeles]] | 32 || 14 || 21.8 || .494 || .250 || '''.809''' || 5.8 || 0.8 || 1.0 || 0.7 || 1.3 || 9.6 |- | style="text-align:left;"| [[2021 WNBA season|2021]] | style="text-align:left;"| [[2021 Los Angeles Sparks season|Los Angeles]] | 7 || 3 || .408 || .750 || '''.750''' || 4.1 || '''1.3''' || 0.9 || 0.4 || '''0.9''' || 7.0 |- | style="text-align:left;"| Career | style="text-align:left;"| 5 years, 2 teams | 134 || 97 || 24.9 || .550 || .500 || .746 || 6.9 || 0.8 || 1.1 || 0.9 || 1.5 || 12.7 {{s-end}} === Egwuregwu ndị a na-eme n'egwuregwu === {{WNBA player statistics start}} |- | style="text-align:left;"| [[2018 WNBA Playoffs|2018]] | style="text-align:left;"| [[Connecticut Sun|Connecticut]] | 1 || 0 || 19.1 || .200 || .000 || .000 || 3.0 || 1.0 || 2.0 || 0.0 || 0.0 || 2.0 |- | style="text-align:left;"| [[2019 WNBA Playoffs|2019]] | style="text-align:left;"| [[Los Angeles Sparks|Los Angeles]] | '''4''' || 0 || 16.6 || '''.500''' || .000 || '''.857''' || '''3.3''' || 0.8 || 0.8 || '''0.5''' || '''0.8''' || '''6.0''' |- | style="text-align:left;"| Career | style="text-align:left;"|2 years, 2 teams | 5 || 0 || 17.1 || .435 || .000 || .857 || 3.2 || 0.8 || 1.0 || 0.4 || 0.6 || 5.2 {{s-end}} == Onyinye == * 2010WBCA High School Coaches' All-America Team * 2011 All-Pacific-10 Conference Team * 2011 All-Pac-10 All-Defensive Team * 2011 All-Pac-10 Tournament Team * 2011 Panka-10 Nwa akwukwo nke Afọ * 2013 Panka-12 Onye Egwuregwu nke Afọ * 2013 Panka-12 Onye Nchebe nke Afọ * 2014 bụ Ndị otu mbụ All-American * 2014 South American Team * 2014 Onyinye John R. Wooden * 2014 Panka-12 Onye Egwuregwu nke Afọ * 2014 Pan-12 Onye na-agbachitere Egwuregwu nke Afọ * 2014 NinBA Rookie nke Afọ == Ndụ onwe onye == Ogwumike bụ onye Katọlik.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Nelson|first=Glenn|date=2009-11-12|title=HoopGurlz: Ogwumike to join sister at Stanford|url=https://www.espn.com/college-sports/recruiting/basketball/womens/news/story?id=4648084|accessdate=2021-06-14|work=ESPN.com|language=en|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161118165710/http://www.espn.com/college-sports/recruiting/basketball/womens/news/story?id=4648084|archivedate=November 18, 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Facebook post|url=https://www.facebook.com/ctrcc/posts/10158845259856098|accessdate=2021-06-14|work=Facebook|language=en}}</ref> Nwanne Ogwumike nke okenye Nneka Ogwumike na-egwuri egwu maka Los Angeles Sparks. == Hụkwa == * Ndepụta nke NCAA Division I ụmụ nwanyị basketball players nwere 2,500 isi na 1,000 rebounds == Ndemsibia == {{Reflist|2}} == Njikọ mpụga == * [https://archive.today/20130412023809/http://www.usabasketball.com/women_team.php?bios=ogwumike_chiney Profaịlụ bọọlụ bọọlụ USA] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20120110145952/http://www.gostanford.com/sports/w-baskbl/mtt/ogwumike_chiney00.html Stanford Cardinal bio] {{Los Angeles Sparks current roster}}{{Navboxes|title=Chiney Ogwumike|list1={{Connecticut Sun navbox}} {{2014 WNBA Draft}} {{WNBA First Overall Picks}} {{WNBA Rookies of the Year}} {{Wooden Player of the Year women}} {{Pacific-12 Conference Women's Basketball Player of the Year navbox}} {{Women's Basketball Academic All-America of the Year}} {{Gatorade National Basketball Player of the Year}} {{Gatorade National Athlete of the Year}}}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Ogwumike,Chinenye}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] gudhedemf7dbg91j6rumtdw2intdoo5 0 20177 727575 720801 2026-09-24T09:40:46Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727575 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Dangote Cement Plc''' bụ onye Naijiria na-ere ahịa ciment na mba dị iche iche nke nwere isi na [[Lagos]]. Ụlọ ọrụ ahụ na-arụ ọrụ n'ịmepụta, ịkwadebe, mbubata, nkwakọba, na nkesa nke simenti na ngwaahịa ndị metụtara ya na Naịjirịa, ma nwee ụlọ ọrụ ma ọ bụ ọdụ mbubata na mba Afrịka itoolu ndị ọzọ. == Akụkọ ihe mere eme == A mara ya n'oge gara aga dị ka Obajana Cement Plc, ma gbanwee aha ya ka ọ bụrụ Dangote '''Cement''' PlC na Julaị, na afọ 2010. E hiwere Obajana Cement Plc na afọ 1992. Dangote Cement Plc bụ onye enyemaka nke Dangote Group ma bụrụkwa ụlọ ọrụ kachasị na-ere ahịa na Nigerian Stock Exchange. Dangote Cement depụtara na Naịjirịa Stock Exchange n'ọnwa Ọktoba afọ 2010 nakwa dị ka ọ dị n'ọnwarị afọ 2014 maka pasent 20 nke ngụkọta ahịa ahịa nke Exchange.<ref name="powerhouse">{{Cite news|title=Nigeria's Dangote expands his "cement powerhouse"|author=Tim Cocks|work=Reuters|date=June 11, 2012|url=http://in.reuters.com/article/nigeria-dangote-idINL5E8HBFE220120611|accessdate=June 12, 2012|archive-date=March 6, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160306050113/http://in.reuters.com/article/nigeria-dangote-idINL5E8HBFE220120611|url-status=dead}}</ref> N'afọ 2014, ụlọ ọrụ Investment Corporation nke Dubai (ICD) zụrụ $ 300 nde na Dangote Cement.<ref>{{Cite news|date=2014-09-08|title=UPDATE 1-Dubai's ICD buys $300 mln stake in Nigeria's Dangote Cement|language=en|work=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/dangote-cement-dubai-investment-idUSL5N0R92FH20140908|accessdate=2022-05-11}}</ref> Aliko Dangote etinyela US $ 6.5 ijeri n'ime ụlọ ọrụ ahụ n'etiti afọ 2007 na afọ 2012. Cement mejupụtara ihe dịka pasent 80 nke azụmahịa Dangote Group ka ọ na-erule afọ 2011.<ref name="15billion">{{Cite news|title=Dangote Cement capitalisation hits $15 billion, says Paramjit|author=Emma Ujah|publisher=Vanguard Nigeria|date=October 17, 2011|url=http://www.vanguardngr.com/2011/10/dangote-cement-capitalisation-hits-15-billion-says-paramjit/|accessdate=June 22, 2012}}</ref> == Ọrụ == Ụlọ ọrụ Dangote Cement dị na Obajana, [[Ȯra Kogi|Kogi]], bụ nke kachasị ukwuu na Sub-Saharan Africa na 10.25 nde tọn kwa afọ ikike gafee ahịrị atọ na nde tọn 3 ọzọ kwa afọ ikike a na-ewu ugbu a. N'afọ 2012, ụlọ ọrụ ahụ meghere ụlọ ọrụ simenti $ 1 ijeri na Ibese, [[Ȯra Ogun|Ogun]]. Ụlọ ọrụ ahụ nwere ike ịmepụta nde 6 nke simenti kwa afọ, na-ebuli ngụkọta mmepụta ụlọ ọrụ ahụ site na pasent 40 n'oge ahụ.<ref name="Ibese">{{Cite news|title=Nigeria's Dangote Cement opens new $1 bln plant|work=Reuters|date=February 9, 2012|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/nigeria-dangote-idUSL5E8D9AJF20120209|accessdate=June 22, 2012}}</ref> Ụlọ ọrụ China na-ewu ụlọ na injinia Sinoma wụnyere ụlọ ọrụ ahụ, ọ na-anọchite anya otu n'ime nnukwu itinye ego na-abụghị mmanụ na Naịjirịa.<ref name="BBC">{{Cite news|title=Aliko Dangote opens Nigeria's biggest cement plant|work=BBC News|date=June 11, 2012|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-18400028|accessdate=June 22, 2012}}</ref> Ụlọ ọrụ ụlọ ọrụ ahụ dị na [[Gboko]], Benue nwere ikike nde tọn 3 kwa afọ na nkwalite ruo nde tọn 4 kwa afọ nke a haziri na afọ 2013. Otu ụlọ ọrụ na Senegal tinyere otu ụlọ ọrụ na Tanzania meghere na afọ 2015.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.punchng.com/business/business-economy/dangote-cement-begins-operation-in-senegal/|title=Dangote Cement begins operation in Senegal|accessdate=2015-07-15|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150715162657/http://www.punchng.com/business/business-economy/dangote-cement-begins-operation-in-senegal/|archivedate=2015-07-15}}</ref> N'otu afọ ahụ, e meghere ụlọ ọrụ na Etiopia kwa, nke nọ n'okpuru egwu nke ọgba aghara obodo na afọ 2017 na agha obodo na afọ 2021.<ref>Moneycentral, 10 November 2021: [https://moneycentral.com.ng/exclusive/article/dangote-cements-500m-ethiopia-plant-at-risk-as-war-escalates/ Dangote Cement’s $500m Ethiopia Plant at Risk as War Escalates]</ref> == Ebenside == {{Reflist|colwidth=30em}} == Njikọ mpụga == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20010404084015/http://www.dangote-group.com/ Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ gọọmentị] * Dangote [https://www.bloomberg.com/quote/DANGCEM:NL Cement] na Bloomberg. * [https://web.archive.org/web/20120430074746/http://investing.businessweek.com/research/stocks/snapshot/snapshot.asp?ticker=DANGCEM:NL Cement Dangote] na BusinessWeek. * Dangote [https://www.reuters.com/finance/stocks/overview?symbol=DANGCEM.LG Cement] na Reuters. * Dangote [http://markets.ft.com/research/Markets/Tearsheets/Financials?s=DANGCEM:LAG Cement] na Financial Times. * [https://www.forbes.com/companies/dangote-cement/ Cement Dangote] na Forbes Global 2000. [[Òtù:Kompani cement na Naijiria]] fmvusqrpm7fjdyjxdauchp0go8mmuyr 0 20641 727474 720477 2026-09-24T02:42:39Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727474 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}   '''''Big Brother Naija''''', nke a maara n'oge gara aga dị ka '''''Big Brother Nigeria''''', bụ usoro ihe nkiri telivishọn nke asọmpi nke Naijiria, nke dabeere na franchise telivisheneng Big Brother....nke, ndị na-asọmpi bi n'ụlọ dịpụrụ adịpụ ma na-asọ mpi maka nnukwu ego na ihe nrite ihe ndị ọzọ, na njedebe nke ihe ngosi ahụ site n'izere ndị na-ekiri na-atụ vootu maka ndị ha kachasị amasị ka ha nọrọ na ihe ngosi ahụ.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Eviritin you need to know about BBNaija season 6|work=BBC News Pidgin|url=https://www.bbc.com/pidgin/tori-57891434|accessdate=2021-07-21}}</ref> Oge mbu nke ihe ngosi ahụ gosipụtara na M-Net na DStv Channel 37 site na 5 Machị ruo 4 June 2006. Ụlọ ọrụ nyocha nke Alexander-Forbes gosipụtara nsonaazụ ntuli aka ahụ.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2017-12-01|title=Big Brother Naija 3rd Audition Begins In 2018|url=https://leadership.ng/big-brother-naija-3rd-audition-begins-2018/|accessdate=2021-07-21|work=Leadership News - Nigeria News, Breaking News, Politics and more|language=en-GB}}</ref> == Nchịkọta usoro == {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:left;" ! colspan="2" |Oge !Isiokwu dị n'okpuru !Ụbọchị e bidoro ya !Ụbọchị ikpeazụ !Ụbọchị !Ndị bi n'ụlọ !Onye mmeri !Ndị isi na-ekwu okwu !Netwọk |- | style="background-color:#008837;" | |'''''Big Brother Nigeria 1''''' |''ọ dịghị'' |March 5, 2006 |4 June 2006 |92 | rowspan="2" |14 |[[Katung Aduwak]] |Olisa AdibuaMichelle Dede<br /><br /><br /><br /> |M-NetDStv<br /><br /><br /><br /> |- | style="background-color:#FEE5AE;" | |'''''Big Brother Naija 2''''' |Lee Gobbe |22 Jenụwarị 2017 |9 Eprel 2017 |77 |Michael Efe Ejeba | rowspan="6" |[[Ebuka Obi-Uchendu]] | rowspan="6" |Africa MagicDStvGOtv<br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /> |- | style="background-color:#ED7454;" | |'''''Big Brother Naija 3''''' |Wahala Abụọ |28 Jenụwarị 2018 |22 Eprel 2018 |85 |20 |Ọrụ Ebube Igbokwe |- | style="background-color:brown;" | |'''''Big Brother Naija 4''''' |Pepper Dem |30 June 2019 |6 Ọktoba 2019 |99 |21 |[[Mercy Eke|Ekele Eke]] |- | style="background-color:#fbf65c;" | |'''''[[Dorathy Bachor|Big Brother Naija 5]]''''' |Mgbochi |19 Julaị 2020 |28 Septemba 2020 |71 |20 |Olamilekan "Laycon" Agbeleshe |- | style="background-color:#151B54;" | |'''''Big Brother Naija 6''''' |Anya Na-egbuke egbuke |24/25 Julaị 2021 |3 Ọktoba 2021 |72 |26 |[[Whitemoney|Hazel Oyeye "Whitemoney" Onou]] |- | style="background-color:#484379;" | |'''''Big Brother Naija 7''''' |Ịga n'ihu |23/24 Julaị 2022 |2 Ọktoba 2022 |72 |24 |Phyna |} == Oge 1 == {{Infobox television season|season_name=''Big Brother Nigeria''|season_number=1|image=Big Brother Nigeria.gif|image_alt=|caption=|module1={{Infobox reality competition season | presenter = Olisa Adibua<br>Michelle Dede | num_days = 92 | num_housemates = 14 | winner = Katung Aduwak | runner_up = Francisca Owumi}}|country=Nigeria|num_episodes=|network=[[M-Net]]<br>[[DStv]]|first_aired={{start date|2006|3|5|df=y}}|last_aired={{end date|2006|6|4|df=y}}|episode_list=|prev_series=|next_series=[[Big Brother Naija (season 2)|Season 2]]}} Oge izizi nke ihe ngosi ahụ gosipụtara na DStv Channel 37 site na 5 Machị ruo 4 June 2006. N'ime mgbanwe nke egwuregwu ahụ, e webatara ndị asọmpi ọhụrụ abụọ n'ụbọchị nke 23, nke mere ka ndị fọdụrụ n'ụlọ nwee obi ụto.... .. [[Ebuka Obi-Uchendu|Ebuka]], onye nke bu onye kachasị ewu ewu n'ụlọ ruo ọtụtụ izu n'ime ihe ngosi ahụ ma kwenyere n'ọtụtụ ebe na onye mmeri bụ onye nke asaa a chụpụrụ; ọtụtụ ndị na-ekiri na-ata Joe's Fan Club (JFC) ụta maka nchụpụ ya. N'oge na-adịghị anya, a chụpụrụ Joe n'onwe ya na ihe ngosi ahụ. Big Brother gbakwunyere mgbanwe ọzọ na egwuregwu ahụ n'ụbọchị nke 79 site n'ịgbasa nhọpụta ndị a haziri n'ụbọchị ahụ ma mee ka ndị bi n'ụlọ kwere na a ga-achụpụ ha dabere na arụmọrụ ha na ọrụ e kenyere ha, ebe n'eziokwu, ọ dịghị nchụpụ ọzọ ka ndị na-ekiri malitere ịtụ vootu maka onye mmeri nke mechara bụrụ Katung Aduwak dị afọ iri abụọ na isii. {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" !Ndị bi n'ụlọ !Afọ ole a na-abanye !Ọrụ !Ebe obibi / Ebe ọmụmụ !Ụbọchị batara !Ụbọchị apụọla !Ọnọdụ |- |[[Katung Aduwak]] |26 |Onye edemede na onye enyemaka mmepụta |[[Kaduna]] |23 |92 | {{Won|Winner}} |- |Francisca Owumi |21 |Nwa akwụkwọ |[[Lagos]] |1 |92 | {{runner-up}} |- |Ifeoma "'''Ify'''" Ejikeme |29 |Onye ọchụnta ego |Ala Dị larịị nke Jos |1 |92 | {{cFinalist|3rd place}} |- |'''Sandra''' "Sandy" Osigbovo |29 |Nwa akwụkwọ |[[Benin City|Obodo Benin]] |23 |92 | {{cFinalist|4th place}} |- |Frank Konwea |29 |Onye na-agba egwú na onye na-ese ihe |[[Lagos]] |1 |78 | {{eliminated|Evicted}} |- |Joseph Ada |32 |Onye na-elekọta ụgbọelu |[[Lagos]] |1 |71 | {{eliminated|Evicted}} |- |Helen Eremiokhale |25 |Nwa akwụkwọ |[[Lagos]] |1 |64 | {{eliminated|Evicted}} |- |[[Ebuka Obi-Uchendu]] |23 |Ọkaiwu |[[Benin City|Obodo Benin]] |1 |57 | {{eliminated|Evicted}} |- |Gideon Okeke |22 |Ndị gụsịrị akwụkwọ |[[Lagos]] |1 |50 | {{eliminated|Evicted}} |- |Maureen Osuji |23 |Nwa akwụkwọ |[[Lagos]] (nke mbụ bụ Imo State) |1 |43 | {{eliminated|Evicted}} |- |Joan Agabi |24 |Nwa akwụkwọ |Awagir |1 |36 | {{eliminated|Evicted}} |- |Chinedu Amah |24 |Iji Onwe Onye Na-arụ Ọrụ |[[Ȯra Delta|Delta Steeti]] |1 |29 | {{eliminated|Evicted}} |- |Yinka/Adeyinka Oremosu |26 |Onye na-arụ ọrụ n'onwe ya na onye na-eti egwu |[[Lagos]] |1 |22 | {{eliminated|Evicted}} |- |Ichemeta Ochoga |21 |Nwa akwụkwọ |[[Ȯra Benue|Benue Steeti]] |1 |15 | {{eliminated|Evicted}} |} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; width:100%; font-size:85%; line-height:15px;" ! style="width:8%" | ! style="width:8%" |Izu nke Abụọ ! style="width:8%" |Izu nke 3 ! style="width:8%" |Izu nke 4 ! style="width:8%" |Izu nke 5 ! style="width:8%" |Izu nke 6 ! style="width:8%" |Izu nke 7 ! style="width:8%" |Izu nke 8 ! style="width:8%" |Izu nke 9 ! style="width:8%" |Izu nke 10 ! style="width:8%" |Izu nke 11 ! colspan="2" style="width:8%" |Izu 13Final<br /><br /><br /><br /> ! style="width:1%" |Ntinye aha ndị a natara |- ! colspan="14" style="background:#000" | |- !Katung | colspan="3" style="background:white" |''Ọ bụghị n'Ụlọ<br /><br /><br /><br />'' | style="background:#FBF373" |''A gụpụrụ ya'' |Ebuka, Frank<br /><br /><br /><br /> |Frank, Helen<br /><br /><br /><br /> |Frank,Sandy<br /><br /><br /><br /> |Helen, Sandy<br /><br /><br /><br /> | style="background:#CCC" |''Aha Ndị a họpụtara<br /><br /><br /><br />'' |Frank,Sandy<br /><br /><br /><br /> | colspan="2" style="background:#73FB76" |'''Onye'''<br /><br /><br /><br /> mmeri(Day 92) | style="background:#73FB76" |6 |- !Francisca |Ichemeta,Ify<br /><br /><br /><br /> |Gideon, Ify<br /><br /><br /><br /> |Chinedu, Joseph<br /><br /><br /><br /> |Joan, Josef<br /><br /><br /><br /> |Gideon, Ify<br /><br /><br /><br /> |Gideon, Helen<br /><br /><br /><br /> |Frank,Ify<br /><br /><br /><br /> |Helen, Katung<br /><br /><br /><br /> | style="background:#CCC" |''Aha Ndị a họpụtara<br /><br /><br /><br />'' |Frank,Sandy<br /><br /><br /><br /> | colspan="2" style="background:#D1E8EF" |'''Onye nke abụọ'''<br /><br /><br /><br /> bụ Day 92) | style="background:#D1E8EF" |12 |- !Ify |Chinedu, Ishemeta<br /><br /><br /><br /> |Chinedu,Joan<br /><br /><br /><br /> |Chinedu,Joan<br /><br /><br /><br /> |Francisca,Joan<br /><br /><br /><br /> |Francisca,Maureen<br /><br /><br /><br /> |Francisca, Gideon<br /><br /><br /><br /> |Ebuka, Josef<br /><br /><br /><br /> |Frank,Fransisca<br /><br /><br /><br /> | style="background:#CCC" |''Aha Ndị a họpụtara<br /><br /><br /><br />'' |Frank,Sandy<br /><br /><br /><br /> | colspan="2" style="background:#FBF373" |'''Ebe nke'''<br /><br /><br /><br /> atọ(Day 92) | style="background:#FBF373" |21 |- !Sandy | colspan="3" style="background:white" |''Ọ bụghị n'Ụlọ<br /><br /><br /><br />'' | style="background:#FBF373" |''A gụpụrụ ya'' |Gideon na Maureen<br /><br /><br /><br /> |Francisca, Gideon<br /><br /><br /><br /> |Ebuka, Ify<br /><br /><br /><br /> |Fransisca, Ify<br /><br /><br /><br /> | style="background:#CCC" |''Aha Ndị a họpụtara<br /><br /><br /><br />'' |Fransisca, Ify<br /><br /><br /><br /> | colspan="2" style="background:#FBF373" |'''Ebe nke'''<br /><br /><br /><br /> anọ(Day 92) | style="background:#FBF373" |11 |- !Frank |Francisca,Ichemeta<br /><br /><br /><br /> |Francisca, Josef<br /><br /><br /><br /> |Chinedu, Francisca<br /><br /><br /><br /> |Helen,Joan<br /><br /><br /><br /> |Francisca,Maureen<br /><br /><br /><br /> |Fransisca, Gideon<br /><br /><br /><br /> |Ebuka, Katung<br /><br /><br /><br /> |Katung, Sandy<br /><br /><br /><br /> | style="background:#FBF373" |''Aha Ndị a họpụtara<br /><br /><br /><br />'' |Ify, Sandy<br /><br /><br /><br /> | colspan="2" style="background:#FA8072" |''A chụpụrụ ya''<br /><br /><br /><br /> n'ụbọchị nke 78) | style="background:#FA8072" |13 |- !Josef |Chinedu, Yinka<br /><br /><br /><br /> |Frank, Yinka<br /><br /><br /><br /> |Chinedu, Helen<br /><br /><br /><br /> |Frank,Joan<br /><br /><br /><br /> |Frank, Maureen<br /><br /><br /><br /> |Ebuka, Gideon<br /><br /><br /><br /> |Frank,Ify<br /><br /><br /><br /> |Helen, Sandy<br /><br /><br /><br /> | style="background:#CCC" |''Aha Ndị a họpụtara<br /><br /><br /><br />'' | colspan="3" style="background:#FA8072" |''A chụpụrụ ya''<br /><br /><br /><br /> n'ụbọchị nke 71) | style="background:#FA8072" |20 |- !Helen |Ichemeta, Josef<br /><br /><br /><br /> |Chinedu, Yinka<br /><br /><br /><br /> |Chinedu, Ify<br /><br /><br /><br /> |Gideon, Ify<br /><br /><br /><br /> |Ify, Josef<br /><br /><br /><br /> |Ify, Katung<br /><br /><br /><br /> |Joseph, Katung<br /><br /><br /><br /> |Joseph, Katung<br /><br /><br /><br /> | colspan="4" style="background:#FA8072" |''A chụpụrụ ya''<br /><br /><br /><br /> n'ụbọchị 64) | style="background:#FA8072" |10 |- !Ebuka |Ichemeta, Yinka<br /><br /><br /><br /> |Helen, Josef<br /><br /><br /><br /> |Helen, Josef<br /><br /><br /><br /> |Ify, Marureen<br /><br /><br /><br /> |Ify, Josef<br /><br /><br /><br /> |Joseph, Sandy<br /><br /><br /><br /> |Ify, Josef<br /><br /><br /><br /> | colspan="5" style="background:#FA8072" |''A chụpụrụ ya''<br /><br /><br /><br /> n'ụbọchị 57) | style="background:#FA8072" |5 |- !Gidiọn |Ichemeta, Yinka<br /><br /><br /><br /> |Francisca, Josef<br /><br /><br /><br /> |Francisca, Josef<br /><br /><br /><br /> |Francisca,Joan<br /><br /><br /><br /> |Joseph, Sandy<br /><br /><br /><br /> |Fransisca, Josef<br /><br /><br /><br /> | colspan="6" style="background:#FA8072" |''A chụpụrụ ya''<br /><br /><br /><br /> n'ụbọchị iri ise) | style="background:#FA8072" |12 |- !Maureen |Ichemeta, Yinka<br /><br /><br /><br /> |Francisca, Yinka<br /><br /><br /><br /> |Chinedu, Ify<br /><br /><br /><br /> |Fransisca, Ify<br /><br /><br /><br /> |Ify, Sandy<br /><br /><br /><br /> | colspan="7" style="background:#FA8072" |''A chụpụrụ ya''<br /><br /><br /><br /> n'ụbọchị 43) | style="background:#FA8072" |9 |- !Joan |Ichemeta, Helen<br /><br /><br /><br /> |Gideon, Ify<br /><br /><br /><br /> |Gidoen, Josef<br /><br /><br /><br /> |Gideon na Maureen<br /><br /><br /><br /> | colspan="8" style="background:#FA8072" |''A chụpụrụ ya''<br /><br /><br /><br /> n'ụbọchị 36) | style="background:#FA8072" |8 |- !Chinedu |Ify, Maureen<br /><br /><br /><br /> |Maureen, Yinka<br /><br /><br /><br /> |Joseph, Maureen<br /><br /><br /><br /> | colspan="9" style="background:#FA8072" |''A chụpụrụ ya''<br /><br /><br /><br /> n'ụbọchị 29) | style="background:#FA8072" |10 |- !Yinka |Gideon,Joan<br /><br /><br /><br /> |Joseph, Maureen<br /><br /><br /><br /> | colspan="10" style="background:#FA8072" |''A chụpụrụ ya''<br /><br /><br /><br /> n'ụbọchị nke iri abụọ na abụọ | style="background:#FA8072" |9 |- !Ichemeta |Frank, Yinka<br /><br /><br /><br /> | colspan="11" style="background:#FA8072" |''A chụpụrụ ya''<br /><br /><br /><br /> n'ụbọchị iri na ise | style="background:#FA8072" |8 |- ! colspan="14" style="background:#000" | |- !Ihe edeturu | colspan="3" |''ọ dịghị'' |''1'' | colspan="4" |''ọ dịghị'' |''2'' |''ọ dịghị'' | colspan="2" |''3'' | rowspan="4" style="background:#ccc" | |- !Ntuli aka megide ọha na eze<br /><br /><br /><br /> |Ichemeta, Yinka<br /><br /><br /><br /> |Francisca, Joseph, Yinka<br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /> |Chinedu, Joseph<br /><br /><br /><br /> |Fransisca,Ify,Joan<br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /> |Ify, Maureen<br /><br /><br /><br /> |Fransisca, Gideon<br /><br /><br /><br /> |Ebuka, Frank, Ify, Joseph<br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /> |Helen, Katung, Sand<br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /> |Fransisca,Ify,Joseph,Katung,Sandy<br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /> |Frank,Sandy<br /><br /><br /><br /> | colspan="2" |Ify, Fransisca, Katung, Sand<br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /> |- ! rowspan="2" |A chụpụrụ ya | rowspan="2" style="background:#FA8072" |'''Ichemeta57'''<br /><br /><br /><br />.2% ga-achụpụ<br /><br /><br /><br /> | rowspan="2" style="background:#FA8072" |'''Yinka61'''<br /><br /><br /><br />.4% chụpụ<br /><br /><br /><br /> | rowspan="2" style="background:#FA8072" |'''Chinedu71'''<br /><br /><br /><br />.5% iji chụpụ<br /><br /><br /><br /> | rowspan="2" style="background:#FA8072" |Joan45.7% ga-achụpụ<br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /> | rowspan="2" style="background:#FA8072" |'''Maureen51'''<br /><br /><br /><br />.9% chụpụrụ<br /><br /><br /><br /> | rowspan="2" style="background:#FA8072" |Gideon56.4% ga-achụpụ<br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /> | rowspan="2" style="background:#FA8072" |'''Ebuka38'''<br /><br /><br /><br />.4% chụpụrụ<br /><br /><br /><br /> | rowspan="2" style="background:#FA8072" |'''Helen58'''<br /><br /><br /><br />.4% ga-achụpụ<br /><br /><br /><br /> | rowspan="2" style="background:#FA8072" |Joseph31.2% ga-achụpụ<br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /> | rowspan="2" style="background:#FA8072" |'''Frank57'''<br /><br /><br /><br />.4% chụpụrụ<br /><br /><br /><br /> | style="background:#FA8072" |'''Sandy9'''<br /><br /><br /><br />.4% <small>iji merie</small><br /><br /><br /><br /> | style="background:#FBF373" |Ify12.7% <small>iji merie</small><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /> |- | style="background:#D1E8EF" |'''Fransisca26'''<br /><br /><br /><br />.6% meriri<br /><br /><br /><br /> | style="background:#73FB76" |'''Katung51'''<br /><br /><br /><br />.3% <small>iji merie</small><br /><br /><br /><br /> |}   == Oge nke Abụọ ==   Oge nke abụọ nke ''Big Brother Nigeria'' (nke akpọrọ ''Big Brother Naija'') malitere afọ iri na otu mgbe oge mbụ gasịrị na 22 Jenụwarị, 2017 na ndị o0potu ụlọ iri na anọ; ndị otu ụlọ nwoke asaa na ndị otu nwanyị asaa. Ọ bụ ụlọ ọrụ eCommerce nke Naịjirịa Payporte kwadoro oge ahụ ma bụrụ nke onye bụbu onye ibe [[Ebuka Obi-Uchendu|Ebuka]] kwadoro site na oge mbụ. Efe Ejeba si [[Ȯra Delta|Delta]] State bụ onye mmeri nke oge nke abụọ na 2017.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2017-04-10|title=#BBNaija 2017: Why Efe won Big Brother Naija|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2017/04/bbnaija-2017-efe-won/|accessdate=2021-11-29|work=Vanguard News|language=en-US}}</ref>   Oge nke atọ nke ''Big Brother Nigeria'' (nke akpọrọ ''Big Brother Naija'') malitere na 28 Jenụwarị 2018 na ndị ibe ụlọ 20; ndị ikom 10 na ndị inyom 10 na-ebi n'ụlọ. Ọ bụ ụlọ ọrụ eCommerce nke Naịjirịa Payporte kwadoro oge ahụ ma bụrụ nke onye bụbu onye ya na ya bi, [[Ebuka Obi-Uchendu|Ebuka]] kwadoro. Miracle Igbokwe si Imo State bụ onye mmeri nke oge nke atọ na 2018.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2018-04-22|title=Breaking: Miracle wins Big Brother Naija 2018|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2018/04/breaking-miracle-wins-bbnaija-reality-show/|accessdate=2022-05-26|work=Vanguard News|language=en-GB}}</ref> == Oge nke 4 ==   Oge nke anọ nke ''Big Brother Nigeria'' (nke akpọrọ ''Big Brother Naija''), n'adịghị ka afọ ndị gara aga, a na-eme ihe nkiri ahụ na [[Lagos]], Nigeria.<ref>{{Cite news|date=30 June 2019|title=Big Brother Naija House Location|work=BBN|url=https://bbn.ng/big-brother-naija-house-location/6629/|accessdate=19 June 2020}}</ref> Ihe ngosi oge nke ano malitere na 30 June 2019 na ndị otu ụlọ 21 batara n'ụlọ ahụ na ndị ọzọ 5 batara n"ụlọ ahụ otu ọnwa ka e mesịrị.<ref>{{Cite news|title=#BBNaija: Initial number of housemates in the house|url=https://andyke.com/2019/07/where-is-big-brother-naija-2019-house-located-in-nigeria.html/|accessdate=10 September 2019|work=Andyke|date=1 July 2019|archive-date=6 October 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191006193026/https://andyke.com/2019/07/where-is-big-brother-naija-2019-house-located-in-nigeria.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> Multichoice mara ọkwa na Machị 2019 na ọ ga-agbasa ihe ngosi ahụ na DSTV channel 198 na Gotv channel 12.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-03-02|title=MultiChoice launches special BBNaija pop-up channel on Dstv, GOtv|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2019/03/multichoice-launches-special-bbnaija-pop-up-channel-on-dstv-gotv/|accessdate=2021-02-24|work=Vanguard News|language=en-US}}</ref> Mercy [[Mercy Eke|Eke]] bụ onye mèchàrà merie oge nke anọ. Ọ bu ya bụkwa nwanyị mbụ meriri ihe ngosi TV na Naịjirịa.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.36ng.ng/2019/10/06/bbnaija-nigerians-react-as-mercy-emerges-winner/|title=BBNaija: Nigerians react as Mercy emerges winner|author=Dimlaw|first=Lawal|date=October 6, 2019|accessdate=2019-10-06|archivedate=2019-10-06|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20191006223157/https://www.36ng.ng/2019/10/06/bbnaija-nigerians-react-as-mercy-emerges-winner/}}</ref> O nwetara ihe nrite ruru nwede iri isii.<ref>{{Cite news|title=#BBNaija: Winner of Season 4 to get N60m|url=https://oak.tv/newstrack/bbnaija-winner-season-4-get-n60m/|accessdate=25 June 2019|work=Oak TV Newstrack|date=24 June 2019|archive-date=6 October 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221006081514/https://oak.tv/newstrack/bbnaija-winner-season-4-get-n60m/|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Oge nke 5 ==   Oge nke ise nke ''Big Brother Nigeria'' (nke akpọrọ ''Big Brother Naija''), malitere na 19 Julaị 2020 na ndị otu 20 ma were ụbọchị 71.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-06-29|title=Big Brother Naija season 5 to premiere in July|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/big-brother-naija-season-5-to-premiere-in-july/n41sbrg|accessdate=2021-07-21|work=Pulse Nigeria|language=en}}</ref> Olamilekan Agbeleshe onye ejiri "Latin" were mara si Ogun State bụ onye mmeri nke oge nke ise. O nwetara ihe nrite ruru nde iri asatọ na ise.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Finale: Laycon wins #BBNaija: Lockdown!|url=https://africamagic.dstv.com/show/big-brother-nigeria-s5/news/finale-show-laycon-wins/news|work=africamagic.dstv.com|date=27 September 2020}}</ref> == Oge nke 6 ==   Oge nke isii nke ''Big Brother Nigeria'' (nke akpọrọ ''Big Brother Naija''), nwere mmalite abụọ na 24 Julaị 2021 na 25 Julaị 2021.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-07-19|title=BBnaija season 6 premiere date announced|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/bbnaija-season-6-premiere-date-announced/s8l5r43|accessdate=2021-08-06|work=Pulse Nigeria|language=en}}</ref> A gbakwunyere ndị enyi ọhụrụ anọ n'egwuregwu ahụ n'ụbọchị 14.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-08-08|title=BBNaija S6: Four new housemates introduced|url=https://punchng.com/bbnaija-s6-four-new-housemates-introduced/|accessdate=2021-08-09|work=Punch Newspapers|language=en-US}}</ref> Hazel Oyeze "Whitemoney" Onou bụ onye mmeri nke oge nke isii. O nwetara ihe nrite ruru nde iri itoolu.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-10-03|title=Whitemoney wins BBNaija Season 6 ahead of Liquorose|url=https://editor.guardian.ng/breakingnews/whitemoney-wins-big-brother-naija-season-6/|accessdate=2021-10-04|work=The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=Olowolagba|first=Fikayo|date=2021-10-04|title=BBNaija: Whitemoney receives N30m cash prize, car, house [PHOTOS]|url=https://dailypost.ng/2021/10/04/bbnaija-whitemoney-receives-n30m-cash-prize-car-house-photos/|accessdate=2021-10-04|work=Daily Post Nigeria|language=en-US}}</ref> == Oge nke 7 == Oge nke asaa nke ''Big Brother Nigeria'' (nke akpọrọ ''Big Brother Naija''), nwere mmalite abụọ na 23 na 24 Julaị 2022 na ndị ibe ụlọ 24.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2022-07-23|title=BBNaija season 7 premieres, tagged 'Level Up'|url=https://punchng.com/bbnaija-season-7-premieres-tagged-level-up/|accessdate=2022-07-25|work=Punch Newspapers|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2022-07-24|title=Full list: BBNaija S7 welcomes 12 more housemates|url=https://punchng.com/full-list-bbnaija-s7-welcomes-12-more-housemates/|accessdate=2022-07-25|work=Punch Newspapers|language=en-US}}</ref> Ndị enyi ọhụrụ abụọ sonyeere oge ahụ n'ụbọchị nke 7 na abụọ ọzọ sonyeere n'ụbọchị iri na anọ. Ijeoma Josephina Otabor onye nke ejiri "Phyna" were mara bụ onye mmeri nke oge nke asaa. {| class="wikitable" !Afọ !Ihe nrite !Ụdị !Nsonaazụ !Ref |- |2021 |Nsọpụrụ Net |Ihe Omume Kasị A Ma Ama |{{Won}} |<ref>{{Cite web|title=Net Honours - The Class of 2021|url=https://thenet.ng/net-honours-class-of-2021/|accessdate=2021-09-07|work=Nigerian Entertainment Today|language=en-US}}</ref> |} == Njikọ mpụga == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20061024074530/http://www.bigbrothernigeria.com/ Big Brother Nigeria] {{Big Brother Nigeria}}{{Big Brother}} [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] rnc2dh682zaahkk1fybqjnqojrdb9k2 0 20679 727566 720760 2026-09-24T09:02:15Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727566 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Usòrò:Creedence Clearwater Revival 1968.jpg|thumb|Creedence Clearwater Revival ]] '''Creedence Clearwater Revival''', nke a na-akpọkwa Creedence na '''CCR''', bụ otu egwu egwu America nke e hibere na El Cerrito, California. Ndị otu ahụ na mbu nwere onye ndu Uda olu, onye na-agu egwu na onye edemede mbu bụ John Fogerty; nwanne ya nwoke, rythm guitarist Tom Fogerty;bassist Stu Cook; na onye na-egwu egwu Doug Clifford. Ndị otu a agbakorola ọnụ kemgbe 1959, nke mbụ dị ka Blue Velvets na emesịa dị ka Golliwogs, tupu ha ebie na Creedence Clearwater Revival aha na 1967.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Cavanagh|first=David|url=http://www.uncut.co.uk/features/creedence-clearwater-revival-the-full-story-by-john-fogerty-stu-cook-and-doug-clifford-6563|title=Creedence Clearwater Revival – the full story, by John Fogerty, Stu Cook and Doug Clifford|work=[[Uncut (magazine)|Uncut]]|date=July 18, 2014|accessdate=March 27, 2018}}</ref>Ndi otu ahu rụrụ ọrụ na ememme Woodstock 1969 na Upstate New York, ma buru mmemme izizi izizia bịanyere aka na ya pụtara ebe ahụ.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Woodstock|url=https://www.history.com/topics/1960s/woodstock|work=history.com|publisher=History.com Editors|accessdate=24 March 2021}}</ref> CCR gbasasia nke oma na ngwụcha 1972 ka afọ anọ nke ihe ịga nke ọma na-emepe chaati gasiri. Tom Fogerty ahapụla n'afọ gara aga, John na ndị otu fọdụrụnu na-emegidekwa ihe gbasara azụmahịa na njikwa nka, Ihe niile butere ikpe n'etiti ndi otu egwuregwu mbu. Esemokwu Fogerty na onye nwe Fantasy Records bụ Saul Zaentz dugara n'okwu ikpe ndị ọzọ na John Fogerty jụrụ iso ndị otu abụọ ndị ọzọ dị ndụ rụọ ọrụ na ntinye Creedence na 1993 na Rock and Roll Hall of Fame.<ref name="rockhall.com">{{Cite web|url=http://www.rockhall.com/inductees/creedence-clearwater-revival|title=Creedence Clearwater Revival|publisher=Rockhall.com|accessdate=March 2, 2010}}</ref> Agbanyeghi na ndi otu ahu ejikotabeghi onu n'ihu oha, John Fogerty gara n'ihu na-egwu egwu CCR dị ka akụkụ nke omume solo ya, ebe Cook na Clifford rụrụ oru dị ka Creedence Clearwater Revisited kemgbe afọ 1990. Egwú CCR ka bụ isi Ihe egwu egwu egwu egwu egwu egwu U.S. ama ama rock airplay; E reela ndeko CCR nde 30 na US naanị.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.chicagotribune.com/entertainment/music/chi-0227new_oldies_fillfeb27,1,5592771.story|title='Oldies' radio bracket expands one decade|work=[[Chicago Tribune]]|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081211165254/http://archives.chicagotribune.com/2008/feb/27/news/chi-0227new_oldies_fillfeb27|archivedate=December 11, 2008|date=February 27, 2008|author=Arian Smedley}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.riaa.com/gold-platinum/?tab_active=top_tallies&ttt=TAA|title=Gold & Platinum|publisher=RIAA|accessdate=January 7, 2019}}</ref> Ndeko mkpokota Chronicle: The 20 Kasi ukwuu Hits, nke ewepụtara na mbu na 1976, ka dị na chaatị album ''Billboard'' 200 wee ruo akara izu 500 na Disemba 2020. Enyere ya platinum 10 ×.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Gold & Platinum|url=https://www.riaa.com/gold-platinum/?tab_active=default-award&ar=Creedence+Clearwater+Revival&ti=Chronicle#search_section%20RIAA.com|work=riaa.com|accessdate=24 March 2021}}</ref> == Akụkọ ihe mere eme == === Ọrụ mbụ: The Blue Velvets (1959 Xi 1964) === John Fogerty, Doug Clifford, na Stu Cook zutere na Portola Junior High School na El Cerrito, California. N'ikpọ onwe ha ''Blue Velvets'', ndi atọ ahụ na-egwuri egwu ngwá na "ụkpụrụ jukebox", ma kwado nwanne John nke okenye Tom na ndekọ na Ihe ngosi tupu o banye n'òtù ahụ.<ref name="rs30">{{Cite news|author=Fong-Torres|first=Ben|authorlink=Ben Fong-Torres|title=Creedence C'water At the Hop|work=[[Rolling Stone]]|page=9|date=April 5, 1969}}</ref> Ndi otu ahụ eweputala alulu atọ, nke abụọ bụ Casey Kasem, onye rụrụ ọrụ na KEWB, Oakland. Na 1964, ha bịanyere aka na Fantasy Records, akara jazz nooro onwe ya na San Francisco.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://crawdaddy.wolfgangsvault.com/article/fantasy-studios-alive-and-well-in-berkeley.html|title=Fantasy Studios: Alive and Well in Berkeley|publisher=Crawdaddy.wolfgangsvault.com|date=August 6, 2008|accessdate=March 2, 2010|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20091009135750/http://crawdaddy.wolfgangsvault.com/Article/Fantasy-Studios-Alive-and-Well-in-Berkeley.html|archivedate=October 9, 2009}}</ref> Ndị otu ahụ dọtara na labelu ahụ mgbe ha nụrụ ndekọ nke Vince Guaraldi akpọrọ "Cast Your Fate to the Wind" nke akara ahụ wepụtara ka o nwee oganihu mba.<ref name="Lembo">{{Cite book|author=Moskowitz|first=David V.|title=The 100 Greatest Bands of All Time: A Guide to the Legends Who Rocked the World p. 166|url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9781440803390|publisher=[[ABC-CLIO]]|year=2015|isbn=978-1-4408-0340-6}}</ref> === Ọhụụ na Golliwogs (1964-1967) === Maka mweputa mbụ nke otu ahụ, onye nwe Fantasy Max Weiss dehariri aha otu ahụ The Golliwogs (site na onye edemede ụmụaka bụ Golliwog). Tupu aha Golliwog, Weiss akpohariri ha aha ka ọ bụrụ Vision. Ọrụ ndị otu band gbanwere n'ime oge a: Cook gbanwere site na piano gaa na bass guitar yana Tom Fogerty site na Uda ndu gaa na guitar rythm; John ghọrọ onye ndu Uda olu na onye na-ede abu mbu. N'okwu Tom: "Enwere m ike ịbụ abụ, mana John nwere ụda!"<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.spinner.com/2010/05/14/john-fogerty-creedence-clearwater-revival/|author=Sullivan|first=James|title=John Fogerty Sued for Plagiarizing ... Himself: Twisted Tales|date=May 14, 2010|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130629055303/http://www.spinner.com/2010/05/14/john-fogerty-creedence-clearwater-revival/|archivedate=June 29, 2013}}</ref> Na 1966, e debara aha John Fogerty na Doug Clifford n'ime ndi agha US; Fogerty sonyeere US Army Reserve mgbe Clifford sonyeere US Coast Guard Reserve. N'ikwu okwu banyere ahụmahu ya na US Army, Fogerty kwuru, sị: "M ga-aghọ aghugho-enweghị ma banye n'ọhụụ. M wee malite ịkọ akụkọ a n'onwe m, nke bụ abụ 'Porterville'.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Lynskey|first=Dorian|title=John Fogerty: 'I had rules. I wasn't embarrassed that I was ambitious'|url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/2013/may/29/john-fogerty-creedence-clearwater-interview|work=The Guardian|date=May 29, 2013|accessdate=July 18, 2019}}</ref> John Fogerty mesiri weghaara ya. otu ahụ site n'ịbụ abụ ndu, ma na-ama ifuru n'ime ọtụtụ ngwá ngwu ndi na-akpo kiibood,harmonica, na saxophone na mgbakwunye na guitar ndu. Ka ọ na-erule 1967, ọ no na-emepụta ihe ndekọ nke otu ahụ. === Mgbanwe aha ka ọ bụrụ Creedence Clearwater Revival (1967-1969) === 1967, Saul Zaentz zụtara Fantasy Records ma nye igwe ahụ ohere idekọ album zuru oke. N'ịbụ ndị kpọworọ aha "The Golliwogs" asị site na ubọchị mbụ, igwe ahụ kpebiri n'aha nke ska ha, Creedence Clearwater Revival (CCR), nke ha weere na Jenụwarị 1968. Di ka ajụjụ ọnụ a gbara ndị otu igwe afọ iri abụọ ka e mesịrị, ihe aha ahụ sitere na isi mmalite atọ: enyi Tom Fogerty Credence Newball, onye aha ya gbanwere na-etolite okwu Creedence (dị ka nkwenkwe); mgbasa ozi telivishọn maka Olympia Brewing Company ("mmiri doro anya"); na ndị otu ahu nweghachikwara nkwa maka otu ahu. [citation needed] Ndị na-aso mpi a jụrụ maka aha otu ahụ gụnyere "Muddy Rabbit", "Gossamer Wump", na "Creedence nuball na Ruby"; Otú ọ dị, nke ikpeazụ bu malitere nke igwe ahu wetara aha ikpeazụ ha. Cook kọwara aha ahụ dị ka "dị egwu karịa Buffalo Springfield ma ọ bụ ugbo elu Jefferson ".<ref name="isbn">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zDDKxvnPy7cC&pg=PA64|title=Bad Moon Rising: The Unauthorized History of Creedence Clearwater Revival|author=Hank Bordowitz|publisher=Chicago Review Press, Incorporated|location=Chicago, Illinois|year=2007|isbn=978-1-55652-661-9|accessdate=August 27, 2011}}</ref> Na mbido 1968,ndi òtù ahụ malitere ịpụta mgbe niile na klọb mpaghara San Francisco na be egwuregwu gụnyere Dino na Carlo's Bar, Avalon Ballroom, na Fillmore West. Mgbe afo ahu gachara, ndị otu ahụ malitere igagharị mba ahu n'ofe US wee mee ngosi mbụ ha na New York City na Fillmore East. Ka ọ na-erule 1968, ndị na-eme redio AM na gburugburu US ribs ama mgbe mkpuchi CCR nke 1956 rockabilly song p"Susie Q" nwetara nnukwu egwuregwu na San Francisco Bay Area na [[Chicago|Chicago's]] WLS-AM.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.oldiesloon.com/il/wls101468.htm|title=WLS890 Hit Parade|work=Mike Gallant|date=1968-10-14|accessdate=2020-03-07}}</ref> Ọ bụ Otú nke abụọ nke igwe ahụ, nke mbụ ya ruru Top 40 (No. 11), na nanị ToBuoxwa 40 kuru O bughi John Fogerty dere.Abuo ndi ọzọ singles e wepụtara na ha === Ihe ịga nke ọma kachasị === Mgbe ha nwechara Ihe I ga nke oma CCR malitere igagharị ma malite oba egwu nke abuo ha,Bayou Country (wepụtara jenuwari 1969) na RCA studios na Los ''Angeles. Platinum no.7 kuru, ndeko ahu but nke mbu ha n'usoro egwu egwu na egwu egwu'' na-aga n'ihu na akwusighi akwusi ruo afo abuo. Otu "Mary di mpako" nke ejiri"A muru na Bayou kwadoro,rụrụ no 2 na chaati billboard nke mba. Nke mbu ga-emechaa buru abu kachasi kpuchie Otú ahu,yana ufodu udi 100 sitere na ndi nka ndi ozo ruo taa, gụnyere nke 4 1971 nke Ike & Tina Turner kuru, afọ abụọ n'izu ka nke mbụ gachara. John Zoro aka na abụ a di ka Ihe si na mmụọ dị elu nweta nchupu ya na nchekwa ndị agha. ndeko a gosikwara mmeghari nke rock & roll classic"Good Golly, Miss Molly" na ihe ngosi ndu nkeji itoolu nke otu ahụ nso, "Nogide na Chooglin'".<ref name="pc54">dika e si kwuo</ref> ọnwa ole na ole ka e mesiri n'ime Eprel 1969, a tọhapụrụ "Bad Moon Rising" nke ejiri "Lodi" kwadoo ma gbagoo na no.2 na US. Na United Kingdom, "Bad Moon Rising" nọrọ izu atọ na onu ogugu nke mbu na UK Singles Chart n'oge Septemba na Ọktoba 1969, na-aghọ naanị onuogu otu na UK.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.popexpresso.com/2018/09/19/creedence-clearwater-revival-scored-their-only-u-k-no-1-single-with-bad-moon-rising|title=Creedence Clearwater Revival scored their only U.K. No 1 single with "Bad Moon Rising|work=Pop Expresso}}</ref> Album nke atọ nke otu ahụ, Green River, sochiri na Ọgọstụ 1969, bụ album mbụ ha nwetara n'elu Billboard 200, wee gaa ọla edo yana otu "Green River", nke ruru ozo 2 na chaatị Billboard. Akụkụ B nke "Osimri Green", "Mkpari",gbagoro na Nr. 30 na mmesi Ike nke otu ahụ na mmeghari nke okachamma ochie ha gara n'ihu na "Oge abali bu oge kwesiri ekwesi". CCR gara n'ihu na-eme njem mgbe niile na Ihe ngosi na July 1969 na Atlanta Pop Festival na n'August 1969 na Woodstock Festival. Agunyeghi ntoala ha na ihe nkiri Woodstock ma ọ bụ ụda uda n'ihi na John chere na arụmọrụ nke band ahu di ala. Egwú anọ sitere na mmemme ahụ (n'ime ngụkọta nke iri na otu) mechara tinye na igbe ncheta nke 1994 setipuru Woodstock: Ụbọchị atọ nke udo na egwú . Cook, Otú ọ dị, nwere echiche na-emegide onwe ya, na-ekwu,si,"Ihe ngosi ndi a bụ CCR kpochapuwo ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị na-amaghidị na anyị bụ otu n'ime ndị isi akuko na Woodstock '69."<ref name="Woodstock quote">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zDDKxvnPy7cC&q=I%27m+still+amazed+by+the+number+of+people+who+don%27t+even+know+we+were+one+of+the+headliners+at+Woodstock+%2769&pg=PA65|title=The Unauthorized History of Creedence Clearwater Revival Page 65|author=Hank Bordowitz|publisher=Chicago Review Press, Incorporated|location=Chicago, Illinois|year=2007|isbn=978-1-55652-661-9|accessdate=August 16, 2014}}</ref> John mechara mee mkpesa na omume nke bu ha ụzọ, bu ndi nwuru anwu nwere ekele, mere ka ndị na-ege ntị hie ụra; ka John na-enyocha ndị na-ege nti ọ hụrụ Ihe nkiri "Dante, di nnoo ka ozu sitere na hel, niile jikọtara ma na-ehi ụra, nke apiti kpuchiri".<ref name="isbn"/>   Mgbe Woodstock gasịrị, CCR nọ na-arụsi ọrụ ike Maka Ihe nkiri nke anọ, ''Willy'' and the Poor Boys, nke abụo ha 3 LP, wepụtara na Nọvember 1969. "Down on the Corner" na "Fortunate Son", nke ha abụọ rụrụ na The Ed Sullivan Show na Nọvemba 16, 1969, rịgooro na No. 3 na No. 14, n'otu n'otu, ka o na-erule na ngwusi afọ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.tv.com/the-ed-sullivan-show/creedence-clearwater-revival---jerry-lee-lewis/episode/106884/summary.html|title=The Ed Sullivan Show: Creedence Clearwater Revival / Jerry Lee Lewis|publisher=TV.com|accessdate=May 8, 2009|archivedate=June 4, 2011|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110604114924/http://www.tv.com/the-ed-sullivan-show/creedence-clearwater-revival---jerry-lee-lewis/episode/106884/summary.html}}</ref> ndeko a bụ CCR n'udi okolota, na-egosiputa mmalte fogerty na mkpuchi Lead Belly arughariri arughari, "Ubi owu" na "Midnight special". Qfo 1969 aburola afo eserese did iriba ama maka otu ahu:oba atọ,Top Ten,otu egwu egwu ano (charting na no .2,no 2, no-2, na no .3) nwere akuku ato ozo nwere chaati B CCR wepụtara ọzọ okpukpu abụọ a-akuku hit, "Travelin' Band"/"Onye ga-akwusi mmiri ozuzo", na Jenụwarị 1970. The ngwa ngwa "Travelin' Band" na obere Richard uda siri ike, agbanyeghi nwere oke myirita na "Ezi Golly, Miss Molly" iji kwado akwukwo nke onye mbiputa egwu; E mechara dozie ya n'uloikpe.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.thisdayinrock.com/index.php/general/1971-john-fogerty-is-sued-by-the-owners-of-specialty-records-their-suit-accuses/|title=Rock History - 1971 – John Fogerty is sued by the owners of Specialty Records.|publisher=Thisdayinrock.com|date=October 14, 1971|accessdate=October 24, 2013|archivedate=October 16, 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131016232331/http://www.thisdayinrock.com/index.php/general/1971-john-fogerty-is-sued-by-the-owners-of-specialty-records-their-suit-accuses/}}</ref> Egwu a mechara puta na nomba n'onwa Febuwari Oakland Coliseum Arena, e gosipụtara CCR na mkpuchi Rolling Stone, ọ bụ ezie na ọ bụ naanị John ka a gbara ajụjụ ọnụ na isiokwu so ya. N' April 1970, akwadoro CCR imalite njem njem Europe mbu ha. Iji kwado ụbọchị ndụ na-abịanụ, Jon dere "Up Around the Bend" na "Gbaanu n'ime ohia"; otu ahụ ruru No. 4 n'oge opupu ihe ubi ahụ. ndi otu ahụ laghachiri na Wally Heider Studios na San Francisco na June ka ha dekoo ulo oru Cosmo. Ndeko ahụ nwere Ihe mbu Top 10 hits "Travelin' Band" na "Up Around the Bend" gbakwunyere egwu egwu egwu egwu a ma ama dịka onye mmeghe "Ramble Tamble". E nweputara ulo oru Cosmo na Julai 1970, ọ bụkwa nọmba nke mbụ na US maka izu itoolu. Enweputara ya yana egwu mba nke ise na nke ikpeazụ "Lookin' Out My Back Door" / "Ogologo oge m nwere ike ihu ihe".N'agbanyeghi na ha togoro ụfọdụ chaatị mba ụwa na ọnụ ọgụgụ redio mpaghara, CCR nwere ịhe di iche nke inwe nomba ise 2 na-enwebeghi nomba 1 na Hot 100, nke kachasị otu ọ bụla.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.billboard.com/specials/hot100/charts/most-no2s-wo1s.shtml|title=Most No.&nbsp;2 Hits Without Reaching No.&nbsp;1 By Artist|work=[[Billboard Magazine]]|format=PHP|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121228031342/http://www.billboard.com/specials/hot100/charts/most-no2s-wo1s.shtml|archivedate=December 28, 2012}}</ref> Naanị [[Madonna]], Taylor Swift, na Drake Kariri otu nari mba abuo ha nwere isii, ma kekota ya na [[Elvis Presley]] na [[The Carpenters|ndị]] Carpenter. N'aka nke ọzọ, na ọdụ ugbo mmiri WLS-AM ndi otu ahụ nwere nomba atọ, nomba anọ 3, na nke abụọ nke 4, mana enweghị otu. 2, yana "Down on the Corner" naanị otu CCR iri kacha elu na-edebanye aha otu ọnọ ogugu kasi elu. (Mba. 3) na Hot 100 na WLS.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.oldiesloon.com/il/wlsyear.htm|title=WLS Year Index|publisher=Oldiesloon|date=1969–1971|accessdate=December 26, 2011}}</ref> Mbelata ndi ozo na album Cosmo's Factory gụnyere nkeji nkeji iri na otu nke 1968 [[Marvin Gaye]] "Anuru m ya site na Grapevine" (obere ihe mgbe eweputara mbipụta edeziri dị ka otu na 1976), yana ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ndetu-maka- riba ama nsopuru maka Roy Orbison's "Ooby Dooby". Album ahụ bụ onye kacha ere ha wee gaa na No. 1 na chaatị oba akwukwo Billboard 200 yana No. 11 na chaati ''Billboard's'' Soul Albums. ''Pendulum'', ewepụtara na Disemba 1970, bụ onye ọzọ na-ere ahịa kachasi elu, na-ebute Top 10 kuru na "I hutula Mmiri ozuzo?" John tinyere Hammond B3 Organ n'ọtụtụ egwu ''Pendulum'', ọkachasị "I hutula Mmiri ozuzo?", na nkwanye ùgwù na mmetuta miri emi nke Booker T. & the M.G.'s, onye ndị otu otu ahụ kpochiri akpochi. Akụkụ tugharia otu ahụ, "Hey Tonight", bụkwa ihe di egwu. === Tom Fogerty === N'ihe di ka n'oge a, nghọta dị ukwuu n'etiti ndị otu ndi ọzọ na John na-achịkwa gabiga oke ma na-achị n'ime otu ahụ na-abiaru nso n'ebe na-esi ísì uto.<ref name="Autobiography">Fogerty, John (2015). ''Fortunate Son''. New York, NY: Little, Brown and Company.</ref> Tom Fogerty kpebiri na ya nwere ezuru ma hapu CCR na mmalite 1971 mgbe ndeko nke ''Pendulum'';Emepurara ọpụpụ ya na ihu oha Febụwarị na-esote. Na mbụ, ndị fọdụrụnụ tụlere ịji dochie ya mana n'ikpeazụ gaa n'ihu dị ka atọ. N'oge opupu ihe ubi nke 1971, John Fogerty, nwere nkụda mmụọ maka mkpesa ndị otu ya fọdụrụnụ na-eme mkpesa mgbe niile na ekweghị ka ha dee ma mepụta abụ nke ha, <ref name="Autobiography">Fogerty, John (2015). ''Fortunate Son''. New York, NY: Little, Brown and Company.</ref> mere ihe gbasara ihu wee gwa Cook na Clifford na CCR ga-aga n'ihu naanị site n'inweta. usoro nke ochichi onye == Mgbe nkewa gasịrị == === John Fogerty === [[Usòrò:John_Fogerty_at_the_2011_Cisco_Ottawa_Bluesfest.jpg|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/John_Fogerty_at_the_2011_Cisco_Ottawa_Bluesfest.jpg/170px-John_Fogerty_at_the_2011_Cisco_Ottawa_Bluesfest.jpg|thumb|John Fogerty na-eme ihe nkiri na 2011]] Naọ 1973, John Fogerty malitere ọrụnaani ya na The Blue Ridge Rangersnchikota, otu onyeotuaya k obodo na eegwuozioma. Agbanyeghi, n'okpuruu nkwekọrịta CCR ochie ya, Fogerty ji Fantasyugwo ndeko asatọ ọzọ. N'ikpeazụ, ọ jụrụ ịrụ ọrụ makalabelụ. E doziri nsogbu ahụ naanị mgbe David Geffen nke Asylum Records ztaraụ nkwekọrịta Fogerty makande 1e. a 1975, o wepụtara naanịobammgbapu ya,ahaeonwe ya ''John Fogerty''. sieIhe na-esote ya bụ Centerfield, ihe ịga nke ọa na chaatị na 1985 ''Na'' a njemnleghari anya na 1986,Otu o di, Fogerty nwere mkpesa makaojuju o juru one egwu CCR ma a-ahuhu a nnsogbuudau ugboro ugboro nke ọ boro ebubona o ga-agba akaebe n'ụlọ ikpe. Nkọwa Fogerty maka ịkpghiọ ihe CCR bụ na ọ ga-akwriri ụgwọ ọrụeze Maka ony ji iikike nwebisiinka Zaentz, nakwa na ọ bụ "ihe mgbu" ịlaghachi na egwu nke oge gara aga. Site na album Centerfield, Fogerty hụkwara onwe ya na Zaentz gbara akwukwo ohuru, tit-for-tat maka egwu "The Old Man Down The Road" nke bụ, dị ka Zaentz si kwuo, edegharighachi nke Fogerty n'onwe ya na 1970 CCR kuru"Gaa n'ime ohia". Ebe ọ bụ na Fogerty ejirila ikike ya na egwu CCR na 1980 kagbuo ọrụ nkwekọrịta ya fọdụrụnụ, Fantasy nwere ikike ugbua "Run Through the Jungle" wee kpee Fogerty akwụkwọ n'ụzọ bụ isi maka [[Plagiarism|ịpụtaghachi]] onwe ya. Mgbe ndi juri na- achi na ihu Fogerty, o doziri akwukwo nkwutọ nke Zaentz gbara maka egwu "Mr. Greed" na "Zanz Kant Danz". A manyere Fogerty o dezie ndekọ ahụ, na-agbanwe aha"Zanz" na"Vanz". Na Febụwarị 19, 1987, na Palomino Club (North Hollywood) na Los Angeles, Fogerty mebiri mmachibido iwu onwe ya na ime CCR hits. Bob Dylan na George Harrison (ya na Taj Mahal na Jesse Ed Davis) sonyeere ya na ogbo, na-adu odu si, "Ọ bụrụ na ị imeghi, ụwa dum ga-eche 'Nganga Mary' bụ abu Tina Turner. " Na ihe nkiri 1987 ụbọchị nnwere onwe maka ndị agha Vietnam, Fogerty mechara banye na ndepụta CCR hits, malite na "A muru na Bayou" wee mechie "Mary mpako". Na 1986, o weputara album Warner Bros., ya nke abuo Eye of the Zombie . Fogerty laghachiri na egwu ozo na njedebe 1980 mana o laghachiri na 1997 na ''Blue Moon Swamp'' nke meriri Grammy. Fogerty ka na-eme njem ugboro ugboro ma ugbu a na-eme CCR oge ochie n'akụkụ ihe solo. === Tom Fogerty === Tom Fogerty wepụtara ọtụtụ oba solo, n'agbanyeghi na ọ nweghi nke ruru ihe ịga nke ọma nke CCR. Album solo ya nke 1974 Zephyr National bụ onye ikpeazụ iji gosipụtara ndị otu CCR anọ mbụ. Ọtụtụ egwu na-ada Uda di ka ụdị CCR, ọkachasị nke akpọrọ "Mbilite n'Onwu Onú" nke ndị otu anọ niile na-egwuri egwu, n'agbanyeghi na John Fogerty dekọrọ akụkụ ya iche. Tom Fogerty nwụrụ n'ụlọ ya di na Scottsdale, Arizona, na Septemba 1990 n'ihi mgbagwoju anya ọrịa AIDS, but nke ọ nwetere site na mmịnye ọbara meruru emeru nke ọ natara mgbe ọ na-awa ahu azụ. Tom na John jisiri ike di ná mma tupu Tom anwuo, na n'otu ekele o kwuru na olili ozu Tom, John kwuru si, "Anyị chọrọ itolite na ibụ ndị na-egwụ egwú. Echere m na anyị nwetara ọkara nke ahụ, ghoo rock 'n roll stars. Ọ bụchaghị na-eto eto".<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/2013/may/29/john-fogerty-creedence-clearwater-interview|title=John Fogerty: 'I had rules. I wasn't embarrassed that I was ambitious'|year=2013|work=theguardian.com|accessdate=July 31, 2013}}</ref> === Stu Cook na Doug Clifford === [[Usòrò:Creedence_Clearwater_Revisited_in_concert_@_Utah_(May_29).jpg|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Creedence_Clearwater_Revisited_in_concert_%40_Utah_%28May_29%29.jpg/220px-Creedence_Clearwater_Revisited_in_concert_%40_Utah_%28May_29%29.jpg|alt=|thumb|Akụkụ rhythm nke CCR guzobere Creedence Clearwater Revisited na 1995]] Ndị enyi ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị Doug Clifford na Stu Cook gara n'ihu na-arụkọ ọrụ ọnụ mgbe onwu nke CCR ma dịka ndị egwuregwu nnoko na ndị otu Don Harrison Band. Ha toro ntoala Factory Productions, ọrụ ndekọ ekwenti na mpaghara Bay. Clifford wepụtara ndeko solo, ''Cosmo'', na 1972. Cook mepụtara onye na-ese ihe nkiri Roky Erickson's The Evil One wee bụrụ ''onye'' bassist na obodo ama ama eme Southern Pacific na 1980s. Clifford mekwara Groovers Paradise maka onye bụbu Sir Douglas Quintet naTexas Tornados Doug Sahm. Ma Clifford na Cook egwuri egwu na album nke ewepụtara na Warner Bros. na 1974. Clifford gara n'ihu na-eme ma na-edekọ na Sahm site na 1980s. N'igbaso ogologo oge nke enweghị egwu egwu, Cook na Clifford hibere Creedence Clearwater Revisited na 1995 ya na ọtụtụ ndị egwu ama ama. Nlegharighari na-aga n'ihu na-eme njem nleghari anya zuru ụwa onu na-eme klaasi nke band mbụ. Ntuziaka John 1997 manyere Creedence Clearwater Revisited ka o gbanwee aha ya nwa oge gaa na "Cosmo's Factory", mana ụlọ ikpe mechara kpebie na Cook's na Clifford kwadoro. === Fantasy Records === Mgbe CCR gachara, Fantasy Records weputara ọtụtụ ngwungwu kacha egwu di ka1972's ''Creedence Gold'', 1973's ''More Creedence Gold'' na 1975's ''Pre-Creedence'',album mkpokọta nke ndekọ mbụ Golliwogs.  Fantasy weputara album abụọ na-aga nke ọma nke ukwuu ''Chronicle'', nchịkọta nke Creedence's iri abụọ hit singles, na 1976. Ọtụtụ afọ ka e mesịrị, akara ahụ wepụtara ndekọ dị ndụ nke akpọrọ The Royal Albert Hall Concert. N'adịghị ka aha ya, e dekọrọ arụmọrụ 1970 na Oakland, California, o bughi na Royal Albert Hall na [[London]]. E degharịrị mbipụta ndị na-esote nke album mbụ nke 1981 naanị ''The Concert''. E wepụtara ọba abụọ ọzọ nke ihe kacha mma na 1986 dị ka Ihe E Mere: ''Chronicle: Volume Two''. Ọganihu nke CCR mere Fantasy na Zaentz nnukwu ego, na Fantasy wuru ụlọ isi ụlọ ọrụ ọhụrụ na 1971 na 2600 Tenth Street na Berkeley, California.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.warehamproperties.com/press/musichistory.htm|title=Wareham Development|publisher=Warehamproperties.com|date=February 13, 2007|accessdate=May 8, 2009|archivedate=July 25, 2011|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110725094129/http://www.warehamproperties.com/press/musichistory.htm}}</ref> Zaentz jikwa akụ na ụba ya mepụta ọtụtụ ihe nkiri na-aga nke ọma, gụnyere Best Picture Oscar meriri ''One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest'', ''Amadeus'', na ''The English Patient''. Na 2004, o rere Fantasy Concord Records.Dị ka ihe ngosi ọma,, {{citation needed|date=April 2022}}Concord sọpụrụ nkwa nkwekọrịta emezughị emezu Fantasy kwere n'ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ afọ iri anọ tupu mgbe ahụ, n'ikpeazụ na-akwụ CCR ọnụ ahịa eze dị elu na ire ha wee weghachi John nwe nke egwu ya. John, ebe ọ hụrụ na Zaentz adịghịzi etinye aka na ụlọ ọrụ ahụ, bịanyekwara aka na nkwekọrịta ọhụrụ na Concord/Fantasy. Na 2005, a tọhapụrụ akara ahụ ''The Long Road Home'', nchịkọta CCR na Fogerty solo kpochapụwo. Mgbe ''Revival'' pụtara na akara Fantasy na Ọktoba 2007 mana tupu album ya na-esote ''Blue Ridge Rangers Rides Again'' (ihe na-esote album 1973) ka ewepụtara na 2009, Fogerty si na Fantasy gbanwee gaa na akara nke ya, Fortunate Son Records, nke ekesara. Verve Forecast Records. === Mgbakọ === Ahịrị ahịrị CCR mbụ ahụ adịkebeghị ọnụ ka ha gbasaa. Ndị otu anọ niile nọ na ọba Tom 1974 <nowiki><i id="mwAZU">Myopia</i></nowiki>, na mgbe e mesịrị n'agbamakwụkwọ ya n'October 19, 1980. John, Cook, na Clifford na-egwuri egwu na 20th ha. El Cerrito High School nnọkọ na 1983, mana dị ka incarnation mbụ ha, Blue Velvets. N'afọ ndị 1980 na 1990, ikpe ọhụrụ nke ikpe dị n'etiti ndị otu ahụ, yana megidekwa njikwa mbụ ha, mere ka iro ha dịkwuo ukwuu. Site na mgbe ewebatara CCR n'ime Rock and Roll Hall of Fame na 1993, John jụrụ ime ya na Cook na Clifford. E gbochiri ụzọ abụọ ahụ site na ogbo ahụ, ebe John na-egwu egwu egwu egwu niile gụnyere Bruce Springsteen na Robbie Robertson. Nwanyị Tom di ya nwụrụ bụ Tricia tụrụ anya na a ga-enwe nnọkọ CCR na ọbụna weta nsị nke nwere ntụ di ya na ememe ahụ. Iwe iwe, Cook na Clifford, bụ ndị ha na ezinụlọ ha nọ ọdụ n'oche dị n'ofe ụlọ ahụ site na Fogerty's, si na ụlọ ịgba egwu ahụ pụta ka arụ ọrụ ahụ malitere, ma mesịa dee akwụkwọ ozi dị iche iche nye ndị isi oche nke Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. na-ekwu na ọ bụ "na-emerụ ahụ" na "mkparị" ikwe ka arụmọrụ ahụ gaa n'ihu na-enweghị ha.<ref name="latimesarticle">{{Cite news|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1993-01-31-ca-868-story.html|title=These Guys' Bad Moon Rose a Loooong Time Ago|date=January 31, 1993|work=[[Los Angeles Times]]|accessdate=June 11, 2021}}</ref> N'ajụjụ ọnụ July 2011 na ndị ''Calgary Herald'', John kwetara na ọ dịkarịa ala na ya ga-adị njikere ịtụleghachikọ ya na Cook na Clifford:   Mgbe a jụrụ ya ọzọ na October 2011 banyere atụmanya nke njikota, o siri: "M na-ekwu na ọ ga-ekwe omume, ee.echere m na oku ahu [ọchị] ga-abu na o ga-esi n'èzí puta. Onye ga-eme ka m bia lee ihe anya n'ụzọ ọhụrụ. " Otú ọ dị, Cook na Clifford abuo kwuru na mbipụta February 2012 nke akwukwo akuko Uncut na ha ''enweghị'' mmasị na nnọkọ CCR. "Leopard anaghị agbanwe ntupo ha. Nke a bụ naanị mmega ahụ na-eme ka Ihe oyiyi na-egbuke egbuke John. Ekwentị m agbabeghị agba", Cook kwuru. Clifford gbakwunyere: "Ọ nwere ike ịbụ echiche mara mma afọ iri abụọ gara aga, mana o gaferela".<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.spinner.com/2012/01/03/creedence-clearwater-revival-reunion/|title=Creedence Clearwater Revival Reunion: No Chance, Drummer and Bassist Say|publisher=Spinner|date=January 3, 2012|accessdate=January 4, 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130411204945/http://www.spinner.com/2012/01/03/creedence-clearwater-revival-reunion/|archivedate=April 11, 2013}}</ref> Na Mee 2013, Fogerty kwuru ọzọ na ya ga-emeghe maka nnọkọ, mana ọ hụghị Cook na Clifford dị njikere ịgbanwe ọnọdụ ha. Ọ gwara ya Charlie Rose na ''CBS This Morning'': "Site n'oge ruo n'oge, m ga-ekwu ihe na ọ ga-na-ebipụta na ma eleghị anya nke ahụ ga-eme, na ozugbo m ga-anụ azụ ihe na-adịghị ada ka ọ ga-ekwe omume. ... Echere m na ọ ga-ekwe omume n'ọdịnihu, ị maara. Ọ bụghị ihe m na-achọsi ike, mana anaghị m emegidekwa echiche ahụ kpamkpam.."<ref name="CBS This Morning">{{Cite web|url=http://www.cbsnews.com/8301-505270_162-57585248/john-fogerty-creedence-clearwater-revival-reunion-a-possibility/|title=Creedence Clearwater Revival reunion a possibility|publisher=John Fogerty: Creedence Clearwater Revival reunion a possibility|date=May 20, 2013|accessdate=May 30, 2013}}</ref> Na Septemba 2017 Clifford ọzọ wepụrụ ohere ọ bụla nke Cook na ya onwe ya ga-ejikọtaghachi na John, na-ekwughachi, "Ọ gaara abụ nnukwu afọ iri abụọ, afọ iri abụọ na ise gara aga. Ọ dịla anya ugbu a." ."<ref name="Cincy1">{{Cite web|author=Varias|first=Chris|date=September 19, 2017|accessdate=November 7, 2017|title=Creedence Clearwater drummer: Woodstock 'was a nightmare'|work=[[The Cincinnati Enquirer]]|url=https://www.cincinnati.com/story/entertainment/music/2017/09/19/creedence-clearwater-drummer-woodstock-was-nightmare/682122001//}}</ref> == Ikike Iwu == A na-ejikarị ma o but tunye aka na katalogu egwu CCR na omenala ndi a ma ama,akụkụ n'ihi na John Fogerty bịanyere aka na njikwa iwu nke ndekọ ochie ya na akara ndekọ nke band, Fantasy Records.<ref name="aintme">{{Cite news|url=http://articles.sfgate.com/2002-11-01/entertainment/17570322_1_creedence-clearwater-revival-s-hits-wrangler-fantasy-records|title=Fogerty to Wrangler: Song in ad 'ain't me' – SFGate|publisher=Articles.sfgate.com|date=November 1, 2002|accessdate=March 26, 2010|first=Bob|author=Baker|archive-date=December 16, 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101216071419/http://articles.sfgate.com/2002-11-01/entertainment/17570322_1_creedence-clearwater-revival-s-hits-wrangler-fantasy-records|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="lat02">{{Cite news|url=https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/latimes/access/219869391.html?FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=Oct+23%2C+2002&author=Bob+Baker&pub=Los+Angeles+Times&edition=&startpage=E.2|title=Their 'Son' was Fogerty's baby; The last thing the singer wants is a Creedence corporate revival, but he doesn't own the rights, so 'Fortunate Son' now sells jeans|work=[[Los Angeles Times]]|date=October 23, 2002|accessdate=March 29, 2010|first=Bob|author=Baker|archive-date=February 9, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130209014109/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/latimes/access/219869391.html?FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=Oct+23%2C+2002&author=Bob+Baker&pub=Los+Angeles+Times&edition=&startpage=E.2|url-status=dead}}</ref> N'ajụjụ ọnụ NPR, Fogerty jụrụ ihe o weere dị ka iji egwu ya eme ihe n'ụzọ na-ezighị ezi:   Ihe na-adọrọ mmasị karịsịa bụ iji abụ mkpesa ya "Fortunate Son" na mgbasa ozi blue jeans.<ref name="aintme"/> N'okwu a, onye mgbasa ozi ahụ mechara kwụsị iji abụ ahụ, dịka Fogerty kọrọ n'ajụjụ ọnụ e mechara gbaa ya:   == Ụdị egwu na mmetụta ya == Ụdị egwu CCR gụnyere egwu egwu, egwu obodo, mgbọrọgwụ rock, rockabilly, rock na roll, blues, Southern rock, blues rock, rock, rock rock, rhythm na blues, acid rock, mkpụrụ obi na-acha anụnụ anụnụ, folk rock, New Orleans rhythm<ref name="Moon" /> and blues and space rock.<ref name="BreithauptBreithaupt1996">{{Cite book|first=Don|author=Breithaupt|title=Precious and Few: Pop Music of the Early '70s|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RWzOAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA12|date=15 October 1996|publisher=St. Martin's Press|isbn=978-0-312-14704-4}}</ref><ref name="Goldsmith2019">{{Cite book|author=Melissa Ursula Dawn Goldsmith|title=Listen to Classic Rock! Exploring a Musical Genre|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=D6W-DwAAQBAJ&pg=PA79|date=22 November 2019|publisher=ABC-CLIO|isbn=978-1-4408-6579-4}}</ref><ref name="Abjorensen2017">{{Cite book|first=Norman|author=Abjorensen|title=Historical Dictionary of Popular Music|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6ZyrDgAAQBAJ&pg=PA227|date=25 May 2017|publisher=Rowman & Littlefield Publishers|isbn=978-1-5381-0215-2}}</ref><ref name="Fielders" /><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jegYAQAAIAAJ|title=A History of Rock Music|author=Valdez|first=Stephen K.|date=2006|publisher=Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company|isbn=978-0-7575-3379-2|accessdate=January 23, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|author=Thomas M. Kitts|title=Finding Fogerty: Interdisciplinary Readings of John Fogerty and Creedence Clearwater Revival|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wOQ8PH49la4C&pg=PA3|year=2012|publisher=Rowman & Littlefield|isbn=978-0-7391-7485-2}}</ref><ref name="Bell">{{Cite web|url=https://www.udiscovermusic.com/stories/golliwogs-creedence-clearwater-revival/|title=Fortunate Sons: From The Golliwogs To Creedence And Swamp-Rock Glory|author=Bell|first=Max|date=September 29, 2021|publisher=uDiscoverMusic|accessdate=2022-09-05}}</ref><ref name="Johnson">{{Cite web|url=https://www.psaudio.com/copper/article/creedence-clearwater-revival-kings-of-swamp-rock/|title=Creedence Clearwater Revival: Kings of Swamp Rock|author=Johnson|first=Anne E.|date=August 30, 2021|publisher=Copper|accessdate=2022-09-05}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://positive-feedback.com/reviews/music-reviews/creedence-clearwater-revival-pendulum/|title=Creedence Clearwater Revival 50th Anniversary|date=26 February 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-country/see-wade-bowens-playful-creedence-clearwater-revival-cover-109843/|title=See Wade Bowen's Playful Creedence Clearwater Revival Cover|author=Betts, Stephen L.|date=May 25, 2017|accessdate=March 6, 2020|quote="Wade Bowen’s web series Garage Mahal continues with the Texas musician’s informal acoustic take on Creedence Clearwater Revival’s 1970 country-rocker “Lookin’ Out My Back Door.”"}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.loudersound.com/features/the-25-greatest-country-rock-songs-of-all-time|title=The 25 best country rock songs of all time|date=August 5, 2016|work=[[Classic Rock (magazine)|Classic Rock Magazine]]|accessdate=April 27, 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|author=Stuessy|first=Joe|url=https://archive.org/details/rockrollitshisto0004stue|title=Rock and Roll: Its History and Stylistic Development|date=2003|publisher=Prentice Hall|isbn=978-0-13-099370-0}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|author=Christgau|first=Robert|authorlink=Robert Christgau|year=1981|title=Christgau's Record Guide: Rock Albums of the '70s|publisher=[[Da Capo Press]]|isbn=0306804093|chapter=Creedence Clearwater Revival: ''Mardi Gras''|chapterurl=https://www.robertchristgau.com/get_album.php?id=6649|accessdate=January 19, 2018}}</ref><ref name="McDaniel">{{Cite web|url=https://kxrb.com/creedence-country-music/|title=Creedence Clearwater Revival Was Country Rock Before We Knew What Country Rock Was|author=McDaniel|first=Randy|date=May 31, 2014|publisher=KXRB|accessdate=2022-09-05}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|author=Decurtis|first=Anthony|date=November 1, 2005|title=John Fogerty Is Closer to Peace With a Label|work=[[The New York Times]]|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2005/11/01/arts/music/john-fogerty-is-closer-to-peace-with-a-label.html|accessdate=January 2, 2021}}</ref><ref name="Bordowitz2007">{{Cite book|first=Hank|author=Bordowitz|title=Bad Moon Rising: The Unauthorized History of Creedence Clearwater Revival|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zDDKxvnPy7cC&pg=PA46|year=2007|publisher=Chicago Review Press|isbn=978-1-56976-984-3}}</ref><ref name="Bell" /><ref>{{Cite web|author=Unterberger|first=Richie|authorlink=Richie Unterberger|title=Creedence Clearwater Revival {{!}} Biography & History|url=https://www.allmusic.com/artist/creedence-clearwater-revival-mn0000131627/biography|work=[[AllMusic]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=Roberts|first=Randall|date=August 13, 2016|title=Listen to Ozomatli's Spanish-language tribute to CCR, and two live albums to put on your playlist|url=https://www.latimes.com/entertainment/music/la-et-ms-oh-sees-djds-delroy-edwards-20160728-snap-story.html|accessdate=January 6, 2021|work=[[Los Angeles Times]]}}</ref><ref name="hank">{{Cite book|title=Bad Moon Rising: The Unauthorized History of Creedence Clearwater Revival|url=https://archive.org/details/badmoonrisinguna0000bord|author=Bordowitz, Hank|pages=[https://archive.org/details/badmoonrisinguna0000bord/page/77 77]–78, 82|year=2007|publisher=Chicago Review Press|isbn=9781569769843}}</ref><ref name="Fielders">{{Cite web|url=https://www.loudersound.com/features/creedence-clearwater-revival-life-in-a-travelling-band|title=The long road down: How Creedence Clearwater Revival fell to pieces|author=Fielders|first=Hugh|date=November 2, 2016|publisher=Classic Rock|accessdate=2022-09-05}}</ref><ref name="Erlewine" /><ref name="Lingan" /><ref name="Moon" /><ref name="werner">{{Cite book|title=A Change is Gonna Come: Music, Race & the Soul of America|author=Werner, Craig Hansen|pages=[https://archive.org/details/changeisgonnacom00wern_0/page/152 152, 156]|year=2006|publisher=University of Michigan Press|isbn=9780472031474|url=https://archive.org/details/changeisgonnacom00wern_0/page/152}}</ref><ref name="Kitts2015">{{Cite book|first=Thomas M.|author=Kitts|title=John Fogerty: An American Son|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EuxzCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA179|date=27 August 2015|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-317-96126-0}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.udiscovermusic.com/artist/creedence-clearwater-revival/|title=Creedence Clearwater Revival|author=Staff|date=February 15, 2020|publisher=uDiscoverMusic|accessdate=2022-09-05}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.newyorker.com/culture/cultural-comment/the-creedence-clearwater-revival-revival|title=The Creedence Clearwater Revival Revival|author=Cantwel|first=David|date=August 17, 2022|publisher=The New Yorker|accessdate=2022-09-05}}</ref><ref name="Erlewine">{{Cite web|url=https://www.allmusic.com/album/creedence-clearwater-revival-mw0000015382|title=Review "Creedence Clearwater Revival"|author=Erlewine|first=Stephen Thomas|publisher=[[AllMusic]]|accessdate=2022-09-05|archivedate=6 June 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120606023606/http://www.allmusic.com/album/creedence-clearwater-revival-mw0000015382}}</ref><ref name="Lingan">{{Cite web|author=Lingan|first=John|title=Creedence Clearwater Revival: ''Cosmo's Factory'' Album Review|url=https://pitchfork.com/reviews/albums/creedence-clearwater-revival-cosmos-factory/|date=July 22, 2018|work=[[Pitchfork (website)|Pitchfork]]|accessdate=8 September 2020|archivedate=December 25, 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20191225025237/https://pitchfork.com/reviews/albums/creedence-clearwater-revival-cosmos-factory/amp/}}</ref><ref name="Moon">{{Cite web|url=https://www.npr.org/2019/08/02/744929605/creedence-clearwater-revivals-green-river-at-50-our-essential-guide-to-early-ccr|title=Creedence Clearwater Revival's 'Green River' At 50: Our Essential Guide To Early CCR|author=Moon|first=Tom|date=August 2, 2019|publisher=NPR|accessdate=2022-09-05}}</ref><ref name="Johnson" /><ref name="Magazine2007">{{Cite book|author=Various Mojo Magazine|title=The Mojo Collection: 4th Edition|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AVQbF9lTBwgC&pg=PA166|date=November 1, 2007|publisher=Canongate Books|isbn=978-1-84767-643-6}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0gsDAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA255|title=Indianapolis Monthly|date=August 2006}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.goldminemag.com/news/fan-generated-video-of-long-as-i-can-see-the-light-honors-creedence-clearwater-revivals-50th-anniversary|title=Fan-generated video of 'Long as I Can See the Light' honors Creedence Clearwater Revival's 50th anniversary|date=June 18, 2020|accessdate=April 24, 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|author=Stephen A. King|title=I'm Feeling the Blues Right Now: Blues Tourism in the Mississippi Delta|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IKv82hw_9usC&pg=PA52|date=June 1, 2011|publisher=Univ. Press of Mississippi|isbn=978-1-61703-011-6}}</ref><ref name="Perone2001">{{Cite book|first=James E.|author=Perone|title=Songs of the Vietnam Conflict|url=https://archive.org/details/songsofvietnamco0000pero|date=January 1, 2001|publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group|isbn=978-0-313-31528-2|pages=[https://archive.org/details/songsofvietnamco0000pero/page/60 60]–}}</ref><ref name="Goldsmith2019" /><ref name="Hall2014">{{Cite book|first=Mitchell K.|author=Hall|title=The Emergence of Rock and Roll: Music and the Rise of American Youth Culture|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gA2LAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA168|date=9 May 2014|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-135-05358-1}}</ref><ref name="Fielders" /><ref name="Erlewine" /><ref name="Doggett2015">{{Cite book|first=Peter|author=Doggett|title=Electric Shock: From the Gramophone to the iPhone – 125 Years of Pop Music|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=guSsCAAAQBAJ&pg=PT421|date=27 August 2015|publisher=Random House|isbn=978-1-4481-3031-3}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=Hughes|first=Rob|date=August 14, 2020|title=Creedence Clearwater Revival: Cosmo's Factory still excites in 50th birthday form|url=https://www.loudersound.com/reviews/creedence-clearwater-revival-cosmos-factory-still-excites-in-50th-birthday-form|accessdate=January 6, 2021|work=[[Classic Rock (magazine)|Classic Rock Magazine]]}}</ref><ref name="Lingan" /> A kpọtụrụ òtù ahụ aha dị ka ndị ọsụ ụzọ nke egwu egwu na egwu obodo.<ref name="Johnson" /><ref name="McDaniel" /> N'ịdabere na mmalite ha na mpaghara East Bay nke San Francisco Bay Mpaghara, òtù ahụ na-ejikarị okwu gbasara bayous, catfish, Osimiri Mississippi na akuku ndị ọzọ nke ihe ngosi nke Southern United States . Egwú ndị otu ahụ anaghị emetukari na ịhụnanya ịhụnanya, na-elekwasị anya na egwu ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya gbasara isiokwu dịka Agha Vietnam.<ref name="Southern">{{Cite news|url=http://www.snopes.com/music/songs/fortunate.asp|title=Fortunate Son|publisher=snopes.com|date=July 14, 2014|accessdate=March 8, 2015}}</ref> == Ihe Nketa == Rolling Stone họọrọ CCR ''nke'' 82 na 100 Kasi mma artists nke oge niile. Na 2003, ndepụta Rolling Stone's 500 Kasi mma artists nke oge niile gụnyere Green River na nọmba 95, Cosmo's Factory na nọmba 265, na ''Willy'' and the Poor Boys na nọmba 392.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.rollingstone.com/music/lists/500-greatest-albums-of-all-time-19691231/green-river-creedence-clearwater-revival-19691231|title=Green River ranked no. 95|publisher=Rolling Stone|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110902072702/http://www.rollingstone.com/music/lists/500-greatest-albums-of-all-time-19691231/green-river-creedence-clearwater-revival-19691231|accessdate=October 25, 2021|archivedate=September 2, 2011}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.rollingstone.com/music/lists/500-greatest-albums-of-all-time-19691231/cosmos-factory-creedence-clearwater-revival-19691231|title=Cosmo's Factory ranked no. 265|publisher=Rolling Stone|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110902072613/http://www.rollingstone.com/music/lists/500-greatest-albums-of-all-time-19691231/cosmos-factory-creedence-clearwater-revival-19691231|accessdate=October 25, 2021|archivedate=September 2, 2011}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.rollingstone.com/music/lists/500-greatest-albums-of-all-time-19691231/willy-and-the-poor-boys-creedence-clearwater-revival-19691231|title=Willy and the Poor Boys ranked no. 392|date=May 31, 2009|publisher=Rolling Stone|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110902080023/http://www.rollingstone.com/music/lists/500-greatest-albums-of-all-time-19691231/willy-and-the-poor-boys-creedence-clearwater-revival-19691231|accessdate=October 25, 2021|archivedate=September 2, 2011}}</ref> Na 2004, na ndepụta 500 Kasi Ukwuu songs nke oge niile, Rolling Stone gụnyere "Fortunate Son" na nọmba 99, "Proud Mary" na nọmba 155, "Who'll Stop the Rain" na nọmba 188, na "Bad Moon Rising" na nọmba 355. Dị ka Acclaimed Music si kwuo, ha bụ onye omenkà nke 61st kacha eme eme akụkọ na egwu a ma ama.<ref>{{Cite web|title=CCR ranked 61st most celebrated artist|url=http://www.acclaimedmusic.net/artist/Creedence%20Clearwater%20Revival.htm|accessdate=25 October 2021|work=Acclaimed Music}}</ref> A gbakwunyere "Fortunate Son" na Library of Congress' National Recording Registry ndepụta nke egwu egwu nke "dị mkpa na ọdịbendị, akụkọ ihe mere eme, ma ọ bụ mara mma" na 2013.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.loc.gov/programs/national-recording-preservation-board/recording-registry/complete-national-recording-registry-listing/|title=National Recording Registry|publisher=Library of Congress|accessdate=25 October 2021}}</ref> "Fortunate Son", "Proud Mary", na Cosmo's Factory ka etinyerela n'ime ulo Grammy Hall of Fame.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Grammy Hall of Fame List|url=https://www.grammy.com/grammys/awards/hall-of-fame|accessdate=25 October 2021|work=Grammys|date=October 18, 2010|archive-date=22 January 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110122042616/http://www.grammy.org/recording-academy/awards/hall-of-fame|url-status=dead}}</ref> "Proud Mary" nọ na nomba 39 na VH1's "100 Greatest Rock Songs".<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cs.ubc.ca/~davet/music/list/Best15.html|title=VH1: 100 Greatest Rock Songs|publisher=VH1|accessdate=25 October 2021}}</ref> "Bad Moon Rising" but nke a hooro na nọmba 363 na NME's "500 Greatest Songs of All Time" ndepụta.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://consequence.net/2014/02/the-top-500-songs-of-all-time-according-to-nme/|title=NME 500 Greatest Songs List|date=February 11, 2014|publisher=NME|accessdate=25 October 2021}}</ref> == Ndị otu == * Doug Clifford na-drum, ukwe nkwado n'olu ndu ụfọdụ (1959-1972) * Stu Cook guitar bass, nkwado na uda ndu oge ụfọdụ, ahuigodo (1959-1972) * John Fogerty uda olu, guitar ndu, ahuigodo harmonica, saxophone (1959-1972) * Tom Fogerty guitar egwu, nkwado na uda olu (1959-1971; nwụrụ 1990) == Nkọwapụta 6 Velvets == {| class="wikitable" |+ style="text-align: left;" |Ndị na-alụbeghị di<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.45cat.com/artist/tommy-fogerty-and-the-blue-velvets|title=Tommy Fogerty And The Blue Velvets Discography - All Countries - 45cat|work=45cat.com|accessdate=June 11, 2021}}</ref> !Aha ya !Ndị edemede !Ndepụta # !Ihe edere !Ebe !A tọhapụrụ ya !Olu !Onye na-emepụta |- |"Bịa na Baby" |Tom Fogerty |OA-6177 |Oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ 1961 |Orchestra Studios, Oakland, California |Ọktoba 1961 |Tom Fogerty | |- |"Oh Ịhụnanya m" |Tom Fogerty |OA-6177 |Oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ 1961 |Orchestra Studios, Oakland, California |Ọktoba 1961 |Tom Fogerty | |- |"Ị nọworo owu ọmụma" |John Fogerty |Oa-611010 |Ná ngwụsị afọ 1961 |Orchestra Studios, Oakland, California |Ná mmalite afọ 1962 |Tom Fogerty | |- |"Ọmarịcha" |John na Tom Fogerty |OA-611010 |Ná ngwụsị afọ 1961 |Orchestra Studios, Oakland, California |Ná mmalite afọ 1962 |Tom Fogerty | |- |"Ee ka o mere" |Tom Fogerty |OA-6252 201 |1962 |Orchestra Studios, Oakland, California |June 1962 |Tom Fogerty | |- |"Ugbu a, ị bụghị nke m" |John Fogerty |OA-6252 201 |1962 |Orchestra Studios, Oakland, California |June 1962 |Tom Fogerty | |} == Nkọwapụta nke Golliwogs == {| class="wikitable" !Aha ya !Ndị edemede !Ndepụta # !Ihe edere !Ụlọ ihe nkiri !A tọhapụrụ ya !Olu !Ihe edeturu |- |"Agwaghị m ụgha" |John na Tom Fogerty |Fantasy 590 |N'etiti afọ 1964 |Fantasy Studios, Berkeley, California |Nọvemba 1964 |John na Tom Fogerty | |- |"Nwa agbọghọ (Ọ na-eme ka nne gị mara) " |John na Tom Fogerty |Fantasy 590 |N'etiti afọ 1964 |Fantasy Studios, Berkeley, California |Nọvemba 1964 |Tom Fogerty | |- |"Ebe Ị nọ" |John na Tom Fogerty |Echiche efu 597 |Jenụwarị 1965 |Fantasy Studios, Berkeley, California |Eprel 1965 |Tom Fogerty | |- |"Ị bịara na-eje ije" |John na Tom Fogerty |Echiche efu 597 |Jenụwarị 1965 |Fantasy Studios, Berkeley, California |Eprel 1965 |John na Tom Fogerty | |- |"Ị pụghị ịbụ eziokwu" |John na Tom Fogerty |Fantasy 599 |Eprel 1965 |Fantasy Studios, Berkeley, California |Julaị 1965 |John Fogerty | |- |"Ị nweghị ihe ị ga-eme m" |John na Tom Fogerty |Fantasy 599 |Eprel 1965 |Fantasy Studios, Berkeley, California |Julaị 1965 |John na Tom Fogerty | |- |"M zutere gị naanị otu awa gara aga" |John na Tom Fogerty | |Eprel 1965 |Fantasy Studios, Berkeley, California |2001 |John na Tom Fogerty | |- |"Nwa agbọghọ anya na-acha nchara nchara" |John na Tom Fogerty |Scorpio 404 |Ọgọst 1965 |Fantasy Studios, Berkeley, California |Nọvemba 1965 |John Fogerty | |- |"Ọka Ka Ị Kpachara Anya" |John na Tom Fogerty |Scorpio 404 |Ọgọst 1965 |Fantasy Studios, Berkeley, California |Nọvemba 1965 |John Fogerty na Tom Fogerty | |- |"Gonna Hang Around" |John na Tom Fogerty | |Nọvemba 1965 |Fantasy Studios, Berkeley, California |2001 |John Fogerty | |- |"Agha Ọkụ" |John na Tom Fogerty |Scorpio 405 |Febụwarị 1966 |Fantasy Studios, Berkeley, California |March 1966 |John Fogerty | |- |"Nwa Na-adịghị Nwe" |John na Tom Fogerty |Scorpio 405 |Febụwarị 1966 |Fantasy Studios, Berkeley, California |March 1966 |John Fogerty | |- |"Gbalịa Gbalịa" |John na Tom Fogerty | |Febụwarị 1966 |Fantasy Studios, Berkeley, California |2001 |John na Tom Fogerty | |- |"Ọ bụ nke m" |John na Tom Fogerty | |Ná mmalite afọ 1966 |Fantasy Studios, Berkeley, California |2001 |John Fogerty | |- |"Ngwa nke No. 1" |John na Tom Fogerty | |Ná mmalite afọ 1966 |Fantasy Studios, Berkeley, California |2001 | | |- |"Action USA" | |Ebe mgbasa ozi redio |June 1966 | | | | |- |"Little Tina" |John na Tom Fogerty | |N'etiti afọ 1966 |Fantasy Studios, Berkeley, California |2001 |John Fogerty | |- |"Ịga ije n'elu mmiri" |John na Tom Fogerty |Scorpio 408 |Ọgọst 1966 |Fantasy Studios, Berkeley, California |Septemba 1966 |John Fogerty |edere ya ọzọ dị ka "Walk on the Water" maka ''Creedence Clearwater Revival'' |- |"Ị ka mma inweta ya tupu ọ nweta gị" |John na Tom Fogerty |Scorpio 408 |Ọgọst 1966 |Fantasy Studios, Berkeley, California |Septemba 1966 |John Fogerty | |- |"Gwa m" |John na Tom Fogerty |Scorpio 410, kagburu |Mee 1967 |Fantasy Studios, Berkeley, California |2001 |John Fogerty | |- |"Ị pụghị ịbụ eziokwu" |John na Tom Fogerty |Scorpio 410, kagburu |Mee 1967 |Fantasy Studios, Berkeley, California |2001 |John Fogerty | |- |"Porterville" |John Fogerty |Scorpio 412 | |Ndị na-edekọ ihe n'ụsọ oké osimiri, San Francisco, California |Nọvemba 19671 |John Fogerty |nke John Fogerty mepụtara, e mechara wepụta ya na ''Creedence Clearwater Revival'' |- |"Kpọọ ya ka ọ na-eme ka ọ bụrụ" |John Fogerty |Scorpio 412 |Ọktoba 1967 |Ndị na-edekọ ihe n'ụsọ oké osimiri, San Francisco, California |Nọvemba 19672 |John Fogerty |nke John Fogerty mepụtara |} # == Ihe ngosi CCR ==   {{col-begin}} {{col-break}} '''Studio albums''' * ''[[Creedence Clearwater Revival (album)|Creedence Clearwater Revival]]'' (1968) * ''[[Bayou Country (album)|Bayou Country]]'' (1969) * ''[[Green River (album)|Green River]]'' (1969) * ''[[Willy and the Poor Boys]]'' (1969) * ''[[Cosmo's Factory]]'' (1970) * ''[[Pendulum (Creedence Clearwater Revival album)|Pendulum]]'' (1970) * ''[[Mardi Gras (album)|Mardi Gras]]'' (1972) {{col-break}} '''See also''' *[[#The Golliwogs discography|The Golliwogs discography]] *[[John Fogerty discography]] *[[Tom Fogerty#Discography|Tom Fogerty discography]] *''[[Cosmo (album)|Cosmo]]'' {{col-end}} <references group="" responsive="0"></references> == Njikọ mpụga ==   {{Commons category}} * [http://www.creedence-revisited.com/ Creedence Clearwater Revisited official site] * [http://www.edsullivan.com/artists/creedence-clearwater-revival Creedence Clearwater Revival, The Ed Sullivan Show] *   * [https://web.archive.org/web/20100421004117/http://worldmusicdatabase.org/profile.php?id=Creedence%20Clearwater%20Revival&tag=q8LYPTbCwdvzQoP Creedence Clearwater Revival at WorldMusicDatabase] * {{IMDb name|2045052}} * [https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1692086/m1/ Pop Chronicles Interviews #41 - John Fogerty and Creedence Clearwater Revival] * [https://sites.google.com/site/theelectricbayou/history/creedence-clearwater-revival-1968-1972 Creedence Clearwater Revival - The History] {{Creedence|state=expanded}}{{1993 Rock and Roll Hall of Fame}}{{Southern Pacific}}{{Woodstock}} [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] jqv6z12wol8ai5aofo3kgsd6x0dl86f 0 21935 727586 708148 2026-09-24T10:49:09Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727586 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Usòrò:DeBeersBevHills.jpg|thumb|De Beers]]  Ou De Beers bụ ụlọ ọrụ mba ụwa nke na-ahụ maka igwupụta diamond, inweta diamond, ire ahịa diamond, azụmaahịa diamond na ụlọ ọlụ na-emepụta diamond. Ụlọ ọrụ ahụ na-arụsi ọrụ ike na oghere oghere, nnukwu alluvial na igwu ala n'ụsọ oké osimiri. Ọ na-arụ ọrụ na mba iri atọ na ise ma na-egwupụta ihe na [[Botswana]], [[Namibia]], Ndida Africa, [[Kánada|Canada]] na [[Ostraliya|Australia]]. Site na mmalite ya na afọ nari iri na asatọ iri asatọ na asatọ ruo mmalite nke narị afọ nke puku iri abụọ na otu, otu De Beers na-achịkwa pacent iri asatọ ruo pacent iri asatọ na ise nke nkesa diamond siri ike ma were ya dị ka onye na-achị onwe ya.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Chang|first=So-Young|date=Fall 2002|title=The Global Diamond Industry|url=https://www0.gsb.columbia.edu/mygsb/faculty/research/pubfiles/107/Global_Diamond_Industry.pdf|journal=Chazen Web Journal of International Business|pages=2|accessdate=5 July 2016}}</ref> Asọmpi emebiwo ikike zuru oke; Otu De Beers ugbu a na-ere ihe dịka pacent iri abụọ na ọọkara nke mmepụta diamond siri ike n'ụwa site na uru site na ụlọ ọrụ ya zuru ụwa ọnụ na azụmaahịa ahịa. Onye ọchụnta ego Britain bụ Cecil Rhodes guzobere ụlọ ọlụ ahụ na afọ narị iri na asatọ ịrị asatọ na asatọ, onye onye isi diamond Ndịda Africa bụ Alfred Beit na ụlọ akụ N M Rothschild & Sons nke dị na London kwadoro.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Exhibitions ‹ Rothschild Timeline :: The Rothschild Archive|url=https://www.rothschildarchive.org/exhibitions/timeline/|work=www.rothschildarchive.org}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|author=Epstein|first=Edward Jay|title=The rise and fall of diamonds: the shattering of a brilliant illusion|url=https://archive.org/details/risefallofdiamon0000epst|year=1982|publisher=Simon and Schuster}}</ref> N'afọ nari iri itoolu iri abụọ na isii, a họpụtara Ernest Oppenheimer, onye Germany kwagara Britain na Ndịda Africa bụ onye guzobere ụlọ ọrụ na-egwupụta ihe n'ala Anglo American na onye America na-ahụ maka ego J. P. Morgan, ka ọ bụrụ onye otu De Beers.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.forbes.com/2006/08/21/anglo-american-update-cx_cn_0821miner.html|work=Forbes|title=New Mining Target: Anglo American|date=21 August 2006|accessdate=20 December 2017|archive-date=2 February 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120202073717/http://www.forbes.com/2006/08/21/anglo-american-update-cx_cn_0821miner.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="The Story of De Beers">{{Cite book|author=Chilvers|first=Henry|title=The Story of De Beers|date=1939|publisher=Cassell}}</ref> O wuru ma mee ka ụlọ ọlụ ahụ bụrụ nke ụlọ ọlụ diamond zuru ụwa ọnụ ruo mgbe ọ nwụrụ na afọ narị iri itoolu, iri ise na asaa. N'oge a, ọ na-etinye aka n'ọtụtụ esemokwu, gụnyere ọnụahịa na omume ntụkwasị obi, a na-ebo ya ebubo na ọ naghị ewepụta diamond ụlọ ọlụ maka mbọ agha Amerịka n'oge Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ.<ref name="Janine P. Roberts 2003">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=raO8jHBdDhYC|title=Glitter & Greed|author=Janine P. Roberts|isbn=0-9713942-9-6|publisher=The Disinformation Company|year=2003|accessdate=27 November 2008}}</ref><ref name="Theodor Emanuel Gregory 1977">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8le1AAAAIAAJ|title=Ernest Oppenheimer and the Economic Development of Southern Africa|author=Theodor Emanuel Gregory|publisher=Arno Press|year=1977|accessdate=27 November 2008|isbn=9780405097904}}</ref> rmnr8cpwxbykwqmpmoqvuuwyat438qa 0 22656 727448 720353 2026-09-24T00:24:25Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727448 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Aya Virginie Touré''', onye amụrụ '''Aya Virginie Kouamé''', bụ onye na-ahụ maka udo na onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na [[Côte d'Ivoire]] (Ivory Coast). A maara ya maka ịhazi ụmụ nwanyị na-eguzogide onye isi ala Laurent ''Gbagbo'' onye jụrụ ịpụ n'ihi na [[Alassane Diago|Alassane]] Ouattara meriri ya na ntuli aka onye isi ala.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Women in Ivory Coast lead the revolution against Gbagbo|url=http://newscastmedia.com/blog/2011/03/09/women-in-ivory-coast-lead-the-revolution-against-gbagbo/|date=March 9, 2011|work=Newscast Media|format=article|accessdate=March 9, 2011|archive-date=March 14, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110314104138/http://newscastmedia.com/blog/2011/03/09/women-in-ivory-coast-lead-the-revolution-against-gbagbo/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Touré rụrụ ọrụ iji kpalie ụmụ nwanyị dị ka osote onye nduzi maka ntuli aka onye isi ala nke Ouattara na 2010 na Ivorian.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Campagne pour le 2e tour : Voici l'équipe choc du RHDP|url=http://www.africatime.com/Ci/nouvelle.asp?no_nouvelle=562095&no_categorie=|date=December 11, 2010|work=Le Nouveau Réveil|format=article|accessdate=December 11, 2011}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=Mme Touré Aya Virginie :"Comment les femmes préparent la victoire d'ADO"|url=http://fr.allafrica.com/stories/200904060523.html|date=April 3, 2009|work=Patriote|format=article|accessdate=April 3, 2011}}</ref> N'afọ 2016, a họpụtara ya dị ka onye nnọchi anya na mpaghara nke 72 nke gụnyere obodo Guépahouo na Oumé.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cei-ci.org/pdf/EDAN2016-RESULTAT-NATIONAL.PDF|title=Results of the 2016 legislative election|date=2016|work=Website of the independent electoral commission of Ivory Coast|accessdate=2019-11-02|archivedate=2016-12-21|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161221092419/https://www.cei-ci.org/pdf/EDAN2016-RESULTAT-NATIONAL.PDF}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://www.fratmat.info/index.php/politique/reconciliation-toure-aya-virginie-en-tournee-a-oume|title=Réconciliation: Touré Aya Virginie en tournée à Oumé|work=www.fratmat.info|accessdate=2019-11-02}}</ref> Kemgbe ọ dịkarịa ala afọ 2014, ọ bụ onye isi nchịkwa nke Petroci Foundation, nzukọ ọrụ ebere nke ụlọ ọrụ mmanụ na gas nke Ivorian.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.fondationpetroci.ci/presentation/5/Mot-directrice-executive|title=Mot de la directrice exécutive|work=Fondation Petroci|archiveurl=http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:rvt5-8cXrtsJ:www.fondationpetroci.ci/presentation/5/Mot-directrice-executive+&cd=2&hl=fr&ct=clnk&gl=fr&client=firefox-b-e|archivedate=2019-10-25}}</ref> [[Category:Articles with hCards]] == Nzukọ nke ụmụ nwanyị Republican == Na Rally of the Republicans RDR, otu ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na-achị na Côte d'Ivoire, a họpụtara Aya Virginie Touré dịka onye isi oche nke Rally of Republican Women.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Election de la nouvelle Président du RFR|url=http://www.le-rdr.org/EVENEMENT%20DU%20MOMENT/EVENEMENT%20998.htm|accessdate=2011-04-12}}</ref> (French: Rassemblement des femmes républicaines)(RFR). Ọ kwuru okwu megide Gbagbo na ndị nọ n'ime ya bụ ndị a na-ekwu na ha na-eziga ego ndị na-atụ ụtụ isi na mba ahụ dị ka akụ nke ha.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Interview / Mme Touré Aya Virginie, Présidente du RFR - "Les Evêques doivent avoir le courage de dire la vérité"|url=http://news.abidjan.net/h/386817.html|publisher=The Patriot|date=January 11, 2011}}</ref> == Onye ndú nke ngagharị iwe agha obodo == Touré haziri ọtụtụ ngagharị iwe udo na Côte d'Ivoire n'oge nsogbu Ivorian nke afọ 2010 na 2011. N'ajụjụ ọnụ na-akpali akpali na BBC News, Touré jiri Agha Obodo nke Abụọ nke Ivory Coast tụnyere agha obodo Libya nke 2011 ma rịọ maka nkwado site n'aka ndị mba ụwa.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Ivory Coast's well-armed rebels making quick work of revolution|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2011/apr/01/ivory-coast-new-forces-rebels-revolution|date=April 1, 2011|work=The Guardian|format=article|accessdate=April 1, 2011}}</ref> Ọ kpọrọ oku ka ndị agha tinye aka iji wepụ Laurent Gbagbo n'ọchịchị n'otu ụzọ ahụ e wepụrụ Charles Taylor na Agha Obodo nke Abụọ nke Liberia.<ref name="PleaBBC">{{Cite news|title=A plea for help from an Ivorian women's leader amid the violent power struggle|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/iplayer/episode/p00ff0jq/Outlook_23_03_2011/|date=March 23, 2011|work=BBC Radio|format=radio broadcast|accessdate=March 23, 2011}}</ref> === Ihe ngosi === Na Disemba 2010, Touré duuru ọtụtụ narị ụmụ nwanyị na ngagharị iwe udo n'oge nsogbu na-aga n'ihu na Abidjan. Ha kụrụ ite iji dọọ aka ná ntị banyere mbata nke ndị agha.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Country on the edge of CHAOS|url=https://nationalpost.com/news/world/Country+edge+CHAOS/4017648/story.html|date=December 23, 2010|work=National Post|format=article|accessdate=December 23, 2011}}</ref> Na Machị 3, 2011, Touré duuru ụmụ nwanyị 15,000 na ngagharị iwe udo na Abidjan. Ụfọdụ yi uwe ojii, ụfọdụ yi akwụkwọ, ụfọdụ gba ọtọ, ihe ịrịba ama niile nke ọbụbụ ọnụ Afrịka na-agwa Laurent Gbagbo. N'ógbè Abobo, ndị uwe ojii ji tankị ndị gbara ụmụ nwanyị égbè zutere ha.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Ivory Coast: women shot dead at anti-Gbagbo rally|url=http://www.euronews.net/2011/03/03/ivory-coast-women-shot-dead-at-anti-gbagbo-rally/|date=March 3, 2011|work=Euronews|format=article|accessdate=March 3, 2011}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=Forces Kill 6 Women Marching in Ivory Coast|url=https://abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory?id=13045579|date=March 3, 2011|work=abc News/International|format=article|accessdate=March 3, 2011}}</ref> Ụmụ nwanyị asaa nwụrụ ma merụọ ihe dị ka 100 ahụ.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Ivory Coast women defiant after being targeted by Gbagbo's guns|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2011/mar/11/ivory-coast-women-defiant/Women-Play-Vital-Role-In-Egypts-Uprising|date=March 11, 2011|work=The Guardian|format=article|accessdate=March 11, 2011}}</ref> Na Machị 8, Ụbọchị Ụmụ nwanyị Mba Nile, Touré haziri ụmụ nwanyị 45,000 na ngagharị iwe udo na mba ahụ.<ref name="PleaBBC" /> Ụmụ nwanyị ahụ zutere ndị ntorobịa ji mma na ngwá agha na-akpaghị aka na-agbapụ n'ime ikuku na Koumassi.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Ivorian women in anti-Gbagbo march through Abidjan|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/uk-ivorycoast-women-idUSLNE72706R20110308|date=March 8, 2011|work=Reuters|format=radio broadcast|accessdate=March 8, 2011}}</ref> Ndị agha gburu otu nwanyị na ndị ikom atọ na Abidjan.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Four dead in Ivory Coast march|url=http://www.pakistannews24.com/2011/03/09/four-dead-in-ivory-coast-march/|date=March 9, 2011|work=Packistan News 24|format=article|accessdate=March 9, 2011}}</ref> Na Machị 8, 2011, Leymah Gbowee wepụtara nkwupụta nkwado maka ngagharị iwe udo nke ụmụ nwanyị Ndị Kraịst na ndị Alakụba na Côte d'Ivoire ma jiri ha tụnyere ụmụ nwanyị Liberia.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Statement on the Situation in Cote D'Ivoire By Leymah Gbowee|url=http://praythedevilbacktohell.com/blog/?p=596|date=March 8, 2011|work=Pray The Devil Back to Hell Blog|format=statement|accessdate=March 10, 2011|archive-date=May 14, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110514185424/http://praythedevilbacktohell.com/blog/?p=596|url-status=dead}}</ref> Na Machị 23, na Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) Summit na [[Naijiria]], ndị na-eme udo na West Africa haziri "Otu puku ụmụ nwanyị March" iji kwado ụmụ nwanyị Côte d'Ivoire.<ref name="Summit">{{Cite news|title=ECOWAS Summit: West African women protest Ivorian situation|url=http://www.afriquejet.com/news/africa-news/ecowas-summit:-west-african-women-protest-ivorian-situation-201103246180.html|date=March 24, 2011|work=Afrique en ligne|format=article|accessdate=March 24, 2011}}</ref> Ha na-eyi T-shirts ọcha ma na-anọchite anya mba dị iche iche gafee West Africa gụnyere Côte d'Ivoire, [[Ghana]], [[Liberia]], Nigeria, [[Sierra Leone]] na [[Togo]].<ref name="Summit" /> Ha wepụtara nkwupụta mgbasa ozi ma nye ndị isi steeti ECOWAS nkwupụta ọnọdụ.<ref>{{Cite news|title="Thousand Women Protest March" in Solidarity with the Women of Cote d'Ivoire|url=http://www.wipsen-africa.org/wipsen/News/page_3/|date=March 23, 2011|work=[[WIPSEN-Africa.org]]|format=article|accessdate=March 23, 2011|archive-date=October 8, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111008014009/http://www.wipsen-africa.org/wipsen/News/page_3/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Na Machị 23, [[Goodluck Jonathan]], Onye isi ala [[Naijiria|Naịjirịa]] gbara United Nations ume ka ha mee mkpebi iji mee ihe siri ike, na-ekwu na ọgba aghara na-eyi nchekwa egwu na West Africa.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Nigeria urges firmer U.N. stance on Ivory Coast|url=http://www.allwestafrica.com/240320118793.html|date=March 24, 2011|format=article|accessdate=March 23, 2011}}</ref> Na Machị 30, a nabatara mkpebi nke United Nations Security Council 1975 n'otu olu, na-achọ ka Laurent Gbagbo kwụsị dịka onye isi ala ma kwe ka onye isi ala Alassane Ouattara nke mba ụwa kwado were ike. Mkpebi ahụ nyere Gbagbo na ndị enyi ya ntaramahụhụ.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Security Council demands end to violence in Côte d'Ivoire, imposing sanctions against former President and urging him to 'step aside'|url=https://www.un.org/News/Press/docs//2011/sc10215.doc.htm|publisher=United Nations|date=March 30, 2011}}</ref> [[France]] na [[Naijiria|Naịjirịa]] kwadoro mkpebi ahụ.<ref>{{Cite news|title="Gbagbo must go" is call as UN Council OKs Cote d'Ivoire resolution|url=http://news.xinhuanet.com/english2010/world/2011-03/31/c_13806979.htm|date=31 March 2011|archive-date=3 April 2011|access-date=17 October 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110403064445/http://news.xinhuanet.com/english2010/world/2011-03/31/c_13806979.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Hụkwa ==   * Henriette Diabaté * Ndepụta nke ndị na-eme udo == Ebensidee == {{Reflist|30em}}  [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] jl9ovs2et0ne009n7ld7tkgmxaokino 0 22967 727456 539300 2026-09-24T01:22:52Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727456 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Barbara Grace Tucker''' bụ onye Australia a mụrụ na-ahụ maka udo.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Parliament camp protester to take fight to Europe|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-london-13213393|publisher=BBC UK|accessdate=5 January 2013|date=27 April 2011}}</ref> Ọ bụ nwa amaala nke Glen Waverley nke Melbourne<ref name="australiantimes">{{Cite web|title=The Aussie peace protester of London|url=http://www.australiantimes.co.uk/news/uk-australian-news/the-aussie-peace-protester-of-london.htm|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20130419143601/http://www.australiantimes.co.uk/news/uk-australian-news/the-aussie-peace-protester-of-london.htm|archivedate=19 April 2013|publisher=www.australiantimes.co.uk|accessdate=5 January 2013}}</ref> ma gaa ọtụtụ ebe tupu ọ gaa biri na [[Obodoézè Nà Ofú|Britain]] na mbido afọ 1980. [[Usòrò:Brian_and_Babs_(cropped).jpg|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Brian_and_Babs_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-Brian_and_Babs_%28cropped%29.jpg|thumb|Brian Haw (n'elu mkpara) na Barbara Grace Tucker na Christmas 2009]] Ọ sonyeere London Parliament Square Peace Campaign nke Brian Haw n'ọnwa Disemba 2005. Haw malitere mkpọsa a na June 2001 iji mee mkpesa megide mmachibido iwu megide Iraq nke bibiri ndị Iraq ma, dị ka UNICEF si kwuo, gbuo ihe dị ka ụmụaka 500,000.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Iraq surveys show 'humanitarian emergency'|url=http://www.unicef.org/newsline/99pr29.htm|publisher=UNICEF|accessdate=5 January 2013|archivedate=6 August 2009|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090806193122/http://www.unicef.org/newsline/99pr29.htm}}</ref> N'ime afọ asaa ma ọ bụ karịa kemgbe Tucker rutere, e jidere ya ugboro iri anọ na asaa na ebubo nke "mgbaghara na-enweghị ikike". N'afọ 2008, ọ nọrọ izu abụọ n'ụlọ mkpọrọ maka imebi ụgwọ ndị uwe ojii, n'afọ 2011 ọ nọrọ izu itoolu n'ụlọ ikpe Holloway.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Turning a blind eye to authoritarianism|url=http://www.morningstaronline.co.uk/news/content/view/full/59333|publisher=www.morningstaronline.co.uk|accessdate=5 January 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305013703/http://www.morningstaronline.co.uk/news/content/view/full/59333|archivedate=March 5, 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=Barbara Grace Tucker|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/police-clear-brian-haws-peace-camp-6128760.html?origin=internalSearch|publisher=The Independent|accessdate=9 January 2013|date=1 September 2011|archive-date=25 September 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150925163659/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/police-clear-brian-haws-peace-camp-6128760.html?origin=internalSearch|url-status=dead}}</ref> Kemgbe ọnwa Jenụwarị afọ 2012, a jụrụ inye ya ụlọikwuu, blanket ma ọ bụ akpa ihi ụra wee hie ụra n'oche, ruo mgbe e weghaara ya. A gwọrọ Tucker maka ikpughe ma nọrọ oge ụfọdụ na intravenous drip. N'ọnwa Jenụwarị afọ 2013, Tucker malitere ọgba ọsọ agụụ mgbe ọ nọsịrị na-eme ngagharị iwe n'ọma ahịa ruo afọ asatọ.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Parliament Square peace protester stages hunger strike|url=https://www.standard.co.uk/news/london/parliament-square-peace-protester-stages-hunger-strike-8438307.html?origin=internalSearch|publisher=www.standard.co.uk|accessdate=5 January 2013}}</ref> Ya na ndị na-akwado ya kwere nkwa ịga n'ihu na ngagharị iwe ha, ha mekwara ya ruo mgbe e mesịrị n'afọ 2013.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.standard.co.uk/news/london/peace-at-last-final-antiwar-protesters-leave-parliament-square-after-12-years-8608893.html|title=Peace at last! Final anti-war protesters leave Parliament Square after 12 years|author=|first=|date=May 9, 2013|work=[[Evening Standard]]|publisher=|accessdate=July 6, 2021|quote=}}</ref> == Hụkwa == * Ndepụta nke ndị na-eme udo == Ebensidee == <div class="reflist"> <references group="" responsive="1"></references> </div> == Ihe nkiri == * Brian & Co. Parliament Square SW1 (nke Yumiko Hayakawa) * ''Akwụkwọ ozi sitere na Parliament Square'' (nke Carlos Serrano Azcona dere) {{DEFAULTSORT: Tucker, Barbara Grace}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] ppbjgycdmnkluuic9y8kcbk2v79onjv 0 24269 727423 720087 2026-09-23T15:18:12Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727423 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Antonio Rüdiger''' (amụrụ na 3 Machị 1993) bụ onye Germany na-agba bọọlụ nke na-agba ọsọ dị ka [[Footbọl|onye]] na-agbachitere La Liga klọb Real Madrid na ndị otu mba Germany. Rüdiger malitere ọrụ ya na VfB Stuttgart, na-anọchite anya ndị ha na 3. Liga na ndị otu mbụ na Bundesliga. N'afọ 2015 ọ sonyeere Roma, na mbụ na mgbazinye ego na otu afọ ka e mesịrị maka ego € 9 nde. Chelsea bịanyere aka na ya na 2017 maka atụmatụ £ 27 nde, ebe ọ meriri iko FA na oge mbụ ya, UEFA Njikọ nke Europe sochiri ya na oge nke abụọ ya, na UEFA Njikọ Njikọ na 2021. N'afọ 2022, Rüdiger bịanyere aka na Real Madrid, ndị mmeri Europe. O mere nke mbụ ya na mba Germany na Mee 2014. A manyere ya ịhapụ UEFA Euro 2016 n'ihi mmerụ ahụ o merụrụ na mbido oge ahụ mana ọ bụ otu n'ime ndị otu meriri 2017 FIFA Confederations Cup. Ọ nọgidere n'ọnọdụ ya na ndị otu maka 2018 World Cup, ma mesịa sonye na UEFA Euro 2020. == Ọrụ klọb == === VfB Stuttgart === N'abalị iri abụọ na atọ n'ọnwa Julaị n'afọ 2011, Rüdiger mere nke mbụ ya maka VfB Stuttgart II na 3. Liga megide Arminia Bielefeld.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.dfb.de/index.php?id=505718&no_cache=1&action=showSchema&lang=D&liga=bl3m&saison=11&saisonl=2011&spieltag=1&spielid=1280&cHash=03a240bdf9bb846d8dc2cc86da33d26e|title=Arminia Bielefeld&nbsp;– VfB Stuttgart II 1:2 (1:0)|publisher=German Football Association|accessdate=27 January 2012|date=23 July 2011|language=de}}</ref> N'ikpeazụ na 29 Jenụwarị 2012, Rüdiger mere nke mbụ ya na Bundesliga maka ndị otu mbụ nke VfB Stuttgart na egwuregwu ọkachamara n'ụlọ megide Borussia Mönchengladbach, Raphael Holzhauser nọchiri ya na nkeji nke 79 nke mmeri 3ń0.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2012/01/29/germany/bundesliga/vfb-stuttgart-1893-ev/borussia-monchengladbach/1122103/|title=Stuttgart vs. Borussia M'gladbach – 29 January 2012|work=Soccerway|accessdate=7 November 2017}}</ref> N'afọ sochirinụ na 19 Eprel 2013, Rüdiger gbatịkwuru nkwekọrịta ya na Stuttgart ruo June 2017.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.vfb.de/en/aktuell/meldungen/news/2013/vertragsverlaengerung-antonio-ruediger-vfb-stuttgart/page/2235-1-1-.html|title=Antonio Rüdiger extends contract with VfB|date=19 April 2013|publisher=VfB Stuttgart|accessdate=19 April 2013}}</ref> N'ụbọchị nke anọ n'ọnwa Mee, ọ natara kaadị uhie na nkeji nke iri asaa na anọ nke mmeri ha meriri Greuther Fürth n'ụlọ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2013/05/04/germany/bundesliga/vfb-stuttgart-1893-ev/spvgg-greuther-furth/1301053/|title=Stuttgart vs. Greuther Fürth – 4 May 2013|work=Soccerway|accessdate=7 November 2017}}</ref> N'ụbọchị mbụ n'ọnwa Juun, Rüdiger gbara bọọlụ na ngwụcha nke DFB Pokal n'egwuregwu e meriri Bayern Munich.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2013/06/01/germany/dfb-pokal/fc-bayern-munchen/vfb-stuttgart-1893-ev/1469854/|title=Bayern München vs. Stuttgart – 1 June 2013|work=Soccerway|accessdate=7 November 2017}}</ref> Ọ gwụchara oge nke abụọ ya na otu mbụ ya na 24 ọdịdị, tinyere 4 ọdịdị na 2 ihe mgbaru ọsọ na otu idobere.<ref name=":0"/> N'abalị iri abụọ n'ọnwa Ọktoba n'afọ 2013, a chụpụrụ Rüdiger na kaadị uhie na nkeji nke iri asatọ na anọ nke egwuregwu 3 na Hamburger SV.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2013/10/20/germany/bundesliga/hamburger-sv/vfb-stuttgart-1893-ev/1487101/|title=Hamburger SV vs. Stuttgart – 20 October 2013|work=Soccerway|accessdate=6 November 2017}}</ref> Rüdiger mechiri oge 2013 na 14 na 35 pụtara na 2 goolu.<ref name=":0"/> Rüdiger mechiri oge na-esote na naanị iri abụọ na otu enyemaka n'ihi mmerụ ahụ dị iche iche.<ref>{{Cite web|date=15 July 2015|title=Chelsea target Rudiger to undergo knee op|url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/vfb-stuttgart/story/2523204/wolfsburg-and-chelsea-target-antonio-rudiger-has-knee-op|accessdate=13 August 2022|work=ESPN.com|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=25 January 2018|title=Unlucky Rudiger has a night to forget|url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/club/chelsea/363/blog/post/3359505/antonio-rudiger-ross-barkley-struggle-in-carabao-cup-defeat-to-arsenal|accessdate=14 August 2022|work=ESPN.com|language=en}}</ref> === Rom === N'abalị iri na itoolu n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ n'afọ 2015, ụlọ ọrụ Serie A Roma bịanyere Rüdiger aka na mgbazinye ego site na Stuttgart maka € 4 nde. Klọb ahụ kwekọrịtara na ego mbufe € 9 nde na njedebe nke nkwekọrịta otu afọ.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.asroma.it/en/news/roma_complete_rudiger_signing|title=Roma complete Rüdiger signing|date=19 August 2015|accessdate=19 August 2015|publisher=A.S. Roma}}</ref> N'abalị iri na abụọ n'ọnwa Septemba, o mere nke mbụ ya na mmeri Frosinone.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2015/09/12/italy/serie-a/frosinone-calcio/as-roma/2120398/|title=Frosinone vs. Roma – 12 September 2015|work=Soccerway|accessdate=6 November 2017}}</ref> N'abalị itoolu n'ọnwa Jenụwarị n'afọ 2016, ọ gbara goolu mbụ ya maka Roma na nkeji nke anọ nke egwuregwu n'ụlọ ya na Milan.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2016/01/09/italy/serie-a/as-roma/ac-milan/2120563/|title=Roma vs. Milan – 9 January 2016|work=Soccerway|accessdate=6 November 2017}}</ref> Ọ gwụchara mgbazinye oge ya na Roma na 37 pụtara na 2 goolu.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://int.soccerway.com/players/antonio-rudiger/192187/|title=A. Rüdiger|work=Soccerway|accessdate=6 November 2017}}</ref> Na 30 Mee, Roma bịanyere aka na Rüdiger maka € 9 nde + € 0.5m bonus na nkwekọrịta afọ anọ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.asroma.com/it/notizie/2016/05/la-roma-ha-esercitato-il-diritto-di-opzione-per-l-acquisizione-di-antonio-rudiger|title=La Roma ha esercitato il diritto di opzione per l'acquisizione di Antonio Rudiger|date=30 May 2016|accessdate=31 May 2016|publisher=A.S. Roma|language=it|archivedate=3 April 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220403211325/https://www.asroma.com/it/notizie/2016/05/la-roma-ha-esercitato-il-diritto-di-opzione-per-l-acquisizione-di-antonio-rudiger}}</ref> N'abalị iri abụọ na atọ n'ọnwa Febụwarị n'afọ 2017, dịka onye nọchiri Kostas Manolas na nkeji nke iri anọ na isii nke mmeri Villarreal meriri n'ụlọ ya na agba nke iri atọ na abụọ nke UEFA Europa League, a chụpụrụ ya na kaadị odo abụọ na nkeji nke asatọ na otu.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2017/02/23/europe/uefa-cup/as-roma/villarreal-club-de-futbol/2380714/|title=Roma vs. Villarreal – 23 February 2017|work=Soccerway|accessdate=6 November 2017}}</ref> N'abalị iri atọ n'ọnwa Eprel, a chụpụrụ ya na kaadị uhie na nkeji nke iri itoolu na atọ na Derby della Capitale megide Lazio na mmeri n'ụlọ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2017/04/30/italy/serie-a/as-roma/ss-lazio-roma/2306085/|title=Roma vs. Lazio – 30 April 2017|work=Soccerway|accessdate=6 November 2017}}</ref> Rüdiger mechiri oge nke abụọ ya na Roma na 35 pụtara na anọ nyere aka.<ref name=":0"/> === Chelsea === [[Usòrò:Antonio_Rudiger_2021_(cropped).jpg|thumb|Rüdiger na-egwuri egwu maka Chelsea na 2021|322x322px]] Na 9 Julaị 2017, Rüdiger sonyeere Chelsea saịtị na Roma maka ego mbụ a kọrọ na ọ bụ £ 29 nde na nkwekọrịta afọ ise.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/40550502|title=Antonio Rudiger: Chelsea sign Roma defender for a reported initial fee of £29m|date=9 July 2017|accessdate=9 July 2017|work=BBC Sport}}</ref> E nyere ya uwe elu nke ọnụọgụ 2.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://weaintgotnohistory.sbnation.com/2017/7/9/15943710/chelsea-confirm-antonio-rudiger-shirt-number|title=Antonio Rüdiger inherits Chelsea legend's shirt number|work=sbnation.com|date=9 July 2017|accessdate=13 August 2017|first=David|author=Pasztor}}</ref> O mere nke mbụ ya n'ụbọchị nke isii n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ dị ka onye nọchiri Marcos Alonso na nkeji nke iri asaa na itoolu na mmeri anọ na penalties na Arsenal na 2017 FA Ọta obodo .<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2017/08/06/england/community-shield/arsenal-fc/chelsea-football-club/2461684/|title=Arsenal vs. Chelsea – 6 August 2017|work=Soccerway|accessdate=6 November 2017}}</ref> O mere Njikọ Njikọ mbụ ya ụbọchị isii ka e mesịrị na mmeri 3 na 2 megide Burnley na Stamford Bridge.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2017/08/12/england/premier-league/chelsea-football-club/burnley-fc/2462796/|title=Chelsea vs. Burnley – 12 August 2017|work=Soccerway|accessdate=6 November 2017}}</ref> Ọ gbara goolu mbụ ya maka Chelsea na agba nke iri na isii nke iko EFL na mmeri 2 na Everton, na goolu mbụ ọ gbara na league bụ naanị otu n'ime mmeri ụlọ ya na Swansea City na 29 Nọvemba 2017.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2017/10/25/england/league-cup/chelsea-football-club/everton-football-club/2594014/|title=Chelsea vs. Everton – 25 October 2017|work=Soccerway|accessdate=6 November 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.standard.co.uk/sport/football/chelsea-1-swansea-0-antonio-rudiger-the-unlikely-hero-as-antonio-conte-is-sent-to-the-stands-a3705631.html|title=Chelsea 1 Swansea 0: Antonio Rudiger the unlikely hero|publisher=Evening Standard|accessdate=29 November 2017}}</ref> N'abalị iri abụọ n'ọnwa Ọktoba n'afọ 2018, Rüdiger gbara goolu mbụ ya n'oge ahụ, na-emeghe goolu ahụ n'egwuregwu 2 na 2 n'ụlọ megide Manchester United.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.chelseafc.com/en/news/2018/10/20/report|title=Report: Chelsea 2 Manchester United 2|publisher=Chelsea F.C.|accessdate=21 October 2018}}</ref> N'abalị iri abụọ na abụọ n'ọnwa Disemba n'afọ 2019, Rüdiger mere mkpesa banyere mmetọ agbụrụ megide ya n'oge egwuregwu megide Tottenham Hotspur, nke nwetara mgbasa ozi zuru oke.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/50797989|title=Tottenham Hotspur 0–2 Chelsea|date=22 December 2019|accessdate=23 December 2019|work=BBC Sport|first=Phil|author=McNulty}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://metro.co.uk/2019/12/22/antonio-rudiger-allegedly-racially-abused-in-tottenham-hotspur-v-chelsea-clash-11949599/|title=Antonio Rudiger allegedly racially abused in Tottenham Hotspur v Chelsea clash|date=22 December 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.skysports.com/football/news/11661/11893597/chelseas-antonio-rudiger-allegedly-racially-abused-during-tottenham-game|title=Chelsea's Antonio Rudiger alleges he was racially abused by Tottenham fans|work=Sky Sports|date=23 December 2019|accessdate=23 December 2019}}</ref> Ọ kpaliri oku maka ọrụ gọọmentị na ịkpa ókè agbụrụ na bọọlụ.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/50893279|title=Government prepared to take 'further steps' over racism in football|work=BBC Sport|date=23 December 2019|accessdate=24 December 2019}}</ref> Otú ọ dị, ọ dịghị ihe akaebe nke mmetọ agbụrụ megide Rüdiger ka achọtara mgbe nyocha ndị uwe ojii na ndị uwe ojii mechara chụpụ ikpe ahụ.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2020/jan/06/tottenham-investigation-finds-no-evidence-of-alleged-racism-against-chelseas-rudiger|title=Investigation finds 'no evidence' of alleged racism against Chelsea's Rüdiger|work=The Guardian|first=Ed|author=Aarons|date=6 January 2020}}</ref> N'egwuregwu 100 ya na klọb, ọ gbara goolu abụọ nke Chelsea, Mason Ugwu nyere aka n'ịgba Leicester City na King Power Stadium na 1 Febụwarị 2020.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.standard.co.uk/sport/football/leicester-chelsea-premier-league-result-match-report-a4350981.html|title=Antonio Rudiger at the double as Chelsea rescue a point against Leicester City|work=Evening Standard|first=Joe|author=Krishnans|date=2 February 2020}}</ref> N'abalị iri abụọ na itoolu n'ọnwa Mee n'afọ 2021, Rüdiger meriri UEFA asọmpi egwuregwu nke mbụ ya mgbe Chelsea meriri Manchester City na ngwụcha na Estádio do Dragão.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.uefa.com/uefachampionsleague/news/0269-12650cedca55-37515f69768e-1000--report-chelsea-claim-second-title/|title=Man. City 0–1 Chelsea: Havertz gives Blues second Champions League triumph|publisher=UEFA|date=29 May 2021|accessdate=29 May 2021}}</ref> N'abalị iri na abụọ n'ọnwa Eprel afọ 2022, ọ gbara goolu mbụ ya na asọmpi egwuregwu na mmeri 3 na 2 na Real Madrid na nkeji iri na ise nke oge 2021; Otú ọ dị, e wepụrụ Chelsea na asọmpi ahụ site na ịla 5 na ngụkọta.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/61067661|title=Real Madrid 2–3 Chelsea|work=BBC Sport|date=12 April 2022}}</ref> Na 20 Mee, Rüdiger mara ọkwa na ọ ga-ahapụ Chelsea mgbe afọ ise gasịrị.<ref>{{Cite web|date=20 May 2022|title=Dear Chelsea|url=https://www.theplayerstribune.com/posts/antonio-ruediger-chelsea-fc-soccer-premier-league|accessdate=20 May 2022|work=The Players' Tribune}}</ref> === Real Madrid === Na 2 June 2022, Real Madrid kwupụtara na Rüdiger bịanyere aka dị ka onye nnọchi anya n'efu maka klọb ahụ, na-ede nkwekọrịta afọ anọ malite na oge 2022223.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Official Announcement: Rüdiger|url=https://www.realmadrid.com/en/news/2022/06/02/official-announcement-rudiger|publisher=Real Madrid CF|date=2 June 2022|accessdate=2 June 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=2 June 2022|title=Rudiger moves to Real|url=https://www.chelseafc.com/en/news/2022/06/02/rudiger-moves-to-real|publisher=Chelsea F.C.}}</ref> Na 20 June 2022, a kpughere Rüdiger dị ka onye egwuregwu Real Madrid ọhụrụ. E nyere ya uwe elu nke nọmba 22.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Rüdiger unveiled as new Real Madrid player|url=https://www.realmadrid.com/en/news/2022/06/20/rudiger-unveiled-as-new-real-madrid-player|date=20 June 2022|accessdate=21 June 2022|publisher=Real Madrid CF}}</ref> N'abalị iri n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ, o mere nke mbụ ya maka klọb ahụ, na-apụta n'elu bench na mmeri 2 na Eintracht Frankfurt na UEFA Super Cup.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Real Madrid 2-0 Eintracht Frankfurt|url=https://www.uefa.com/uefasupercup/news/0278-15d6268709ab-38bef8ec34df-1000--real-madrid-win-the-super-cup/|date=10 August 2022|accessdate=16 August 2022|publisher=UEFA}}</ref> Goolu mbụ ya bịara na 11 Septemba 2022, na-agba goolu ikpeazụ na mmeri 4 na Mallorca.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Real Madrid 4–1 Mallorca|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/62869010|publisher=BBC|date=11 September 2022|accessdate=11 September 2022}}</ref> N'abalị iri na otu n'ọnwa Ọktoba, ọ gbara isi na nkeji nke iri itoolu na ise megide Shakhtar Donetsk na otu egwuregwu Champions League, nke mere ka ndị otu ya nwee ike ịdọrọ 1X1 wee ruo eru maka oge knockout. Ka ọ na-awụli elu maka isi, Rüdiger zutere onye na-edebe goolu Shakhtar Anatoliy Trubin ma nwee ọkpụkpụ n'ihu nke chọrọ eriri 20.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/63209183|title=Shakhtar Donetsk 1–1 Real Madrid|work=BBC Sport|date=11 October 2022|accessdate=11 October 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=12 October 2022|title=Antonio Rudiger split his head open for Madrid, needs 20 stitches|url=https://www.sport.es/en/news/real-madrid/antonio-rudiger-split-his-head-open-for-madrid-needs-20-stitches-77145530|work=[[Sport.es]]|accessdate=12 October 2022}}</ref> == Ọrụ mba ụwa == Rüdiger ruru eru igwu egwu maka Germany na [[Sierra Leone]], ala nna nne ya ma bụrụ onye otu ọtụtụ ndị otu egwuregwu bọọlụ ndị ntorobịa Germany ruo na ndị otu Germany U21.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.footballsierraleone.net/as-roma-sign-antonio-ruediger-on-loan/|title=AS Roma sign Antonio Ruediger on loan|accessdate=1 April 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160416073732/http://www.footballsierraleone.net/as-roma-sign-antonio-ruediger-on-loan/|archivedate=16 April 2016}}</ref> O mere nke mbụ ya maka ndị otu Germany na 13 Mee 2014 na 0 0 0 draw megide [[Poland]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.goal.com/en-gb/match/131992/germany-vs-poland/report|title=Germany 0–0 Poland|work=Goal.com|accessdate=14 May 2014}}</ref> Ọ bụ ezie na e tinyere ya na mbụ na ndị otu mmadụ iri abụọ na atọ nke mba ya maka UEFA Euro 2016, e mechara chụpụ Rüdiger na asọmpi ahụ n'ihi mmerụ ahụ, mgbe ọ dọwara nkwonkwo cruciate n'ihu n'ikpere aka nri ya n'oge ọzụzụ na 7 June.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.espnfc.us/germany/story/2888155/antonio-rudiger-tears-acl-in-germany-training-for-euro-2016|title=Antonio Rudiger tears ACL in Germany training, ruled out of Euro 2016|work=ESPN FC|date=7 June 2016|accessdate=8 June 2016}}</ref> Rüdiger so na ndị otu mba Germany nke meriri 2017 FIFA Confederations Cup na Russia. Ọ gbara egwuregwu anọ na asọmpi ahụ, gụnyere mmeri 1 na 0 meriri [[Chile]] na ngwụcha.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Johnston|first=Neil|title=Chile 0–1 Germany|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/40464139|accessdate=11 January 2018|work=BBC Sport|date=2 July 2017}}</ref> N'abalị asatọ n'ọnwa Ọktoba n'afọ 2017, o butere goolu mba ụwa mbụ ya na mmeri 5 na-emeri Azerbaijan n'ụlọ na asọmpi iko mba ụwa.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Germany 5–1 Azerbaijan|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/41533920|accessdate=11 January 2018|work=BBC Sport|date=8 October 2017}}</ref> A gụnyere Rüdiger na ndị otu 23 ikpeazụ nke Germany maka 2018 FIFA World Cup na 4 June 2018.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.dw.com/en/germany-announce-final-world-cup-squad-with-manuel-neuer-without-leroy-san%C3%A9/a-44064011|title=Germany announce final World Cup squad, with Manuel Neuer, without Leroy Sané|publisher=Deutsche Welle|accessdate=4 June 2018}}</ref> N'abalị iri abụọ na atọ n'ọnwa Juun, a kpọọrọ ya maka egwuregwu nke abụọ megide Sweden dịka onye na-agbachitere etiti mbụ bụ Mats Hummels merụrụ ahụ, egwuregwu ahụ kwụsịrị mmeri 2 maka Germany.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/world-cup/world-cup-2018-germany-sweden-mats-hummels-a8414891.html|archiveurl=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220507/https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/world-cup/world-cup-2018-germany-sweden-mats-hummels-a8414891.html|archivedate=7 May 2022|title=World Cup 2018: Mats Hummels says Germany's dramatic win over Sweden could be their turning point|accessdate=1 August 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2018/jun/23/toni-kroos-germany-sweden-world-cup-match-report|title=Toni Kroos brings off late miracle for Germany to stun Sweden|accessdate=1 August 2018}}</ref> Ụbọchị anọ ka e mesịrị, ọ gbaghị bọọlụ ikpeazụ nke otu ahụ ma South Korea kụrụ ya mgbe e meriri ya n'ụzọ 2.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/live/2018/jun/27/world-cup-2018-south-korea-v-germany-live|title=South Korea 2–0 Germany: World Cup 2018 – as it happened|accessdate=1 August 2018}}</ref> Na 19 Mee 2021, a họpụtara Rüdiger ka ọ bụrụ onye otu UEFA Euro 2020.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.kicker.de/em-kader-offiziell-loew-beruft-mueller-hummels-und-volland-804642/artikel|title=EM-Kader offiziell: Löw beruft Müller, Hummels und Volland|date=19 May 2021|work=kicker.de|language=de|accessdate=19 May 2021}}</ref> Ọ gbara nkeji ọ bụla na asọmpi ahụ maka Germany ka England wepụrụ ha na agba nke iri na isii.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.uefa.com/uefaeuro-2020/teams/players/250028211--antonio-rudiger/|title=Antonio Rüdiger - UEFA Euro 2020|work=UEFA.com|publisher=Union of European Football Associations|accessdate=20 September 2021|archive-date=21 September 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210921025705/https://www.uefa.com/uefaeuro-2020/teams/players/250028211--antonio-rudiger/|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Ụdị egwuregwu == Dị ka ọ na-abụkarị onye na-agbachitere etiti, Rüdiger bụ onye na-eme ihe dị iche iche, onye nwekwara ike igwu egwu dị ka onye na-azụ azụ n'akụkụ ọ bụla.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.calciomercato.com/news/rudiger-dall-inter-ai-milioni-di-conte-la-roma-blinda-il-leader--57489|title=Rudiger, dall'Inter ai milioni di Conte: la Roma blinda il leader della difesa 2.0|publisher=www.calciomercato.com|language=it|date=10 February 2017|accessdate=21 October 2018}}</ref> N'afọ 2015, ''ESPN'' kọwara ya dị ka "...onye na-agbachitere ya ogologo, ngwa ngwa ma na-eme egwuregwu nke ... na-enwe ahụ iru ala na bọọlụ n'ụkwụ ya", na-ekwukwa ya dị ka "onye nwere atụmanya na-adọrọ mmasị" onye "... nwere ihe niile dị mkpa iji bụrụ onye na-agba ọsọ n'etiti.<ref name="Rising star">{{Cite web|url=http://www.espn.com/soccer/blog/the-scouts-notebook/78/post/2514270/stuttgart-and-germany-defender-antonio-rudiger-profile|title=Rising star Antonio Rudiger would be best served by Bundesliga stay|publisher=ESPN|author=Dorrington|first=Nick|date=7 July 2015|accessdate=20 October 2018}}</ref> Profaịlụ Chelsea ya kọwakwara ya dị ka "onye na-agba ọsọ siri ike" na "ọnụnọ na-achịkwa ikuku".<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.chelseafc.com/en/teams/first-team/antonio-ruediger?pageTab=biography|title=Antonio Rudiger|publisher=Chelsea F.C.|accessdate=5 October 2018}}</ref> Na mgbakwunye na àgwà anụ ahụ ya siri ike na ụdị egwu egwu, a makwaara ya maka àgwà idu ndú ya na ikike ịgafe.<ref name="Rising star" /><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/football/2021/05/27/making-antonio-rudiger-chelsea-hard-man-lives-eat-eaten-ethos/|title=The making of Antonio Rudiger: How Chelsea hard man lives by 'eat or be eaten' ethos|work=The Daily Telegraph|author=Dean|first=Sam|date=27 May 2021|accessdate=28 May 2021}}</ref> == Ndụ onwe onye == Rüdiger bụ onye Alakụba na-eme ihe.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.dw.com/en/champions-league-final-antonio-r%C3%BCdiger-a-quiet-leader-for-chelsea-and-germany/a-57697527|title=Champions League final: Antonio Rüdiger, a quiet leader for Chelsea and Germany|publisher=Deutsche Welle|accessdate=20 August 2021}}</ref> A mụrụ ya na Berlin<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.worldfootball.net/player_summary/antonio-ruediger/|title=Antonio Rüdiger: Profile|work=worldfootball.net|publisher=HEIM:SPIEL|accessdate=28 June 2020}}</ref> na nna German, Matthias, na nne Sierra Leone, Lily. Ọ tolitere na agbata obi Berlin nke Neukölln ma bụrụ nwanne Sahr Senesie.<ref name="DFB">{{Cite web|url=https://www.dfb.de/news/detail/antonio-ruediger-manchmal-musst-du-volles-risiko-gehen-31460/|title=Antonio Rüdiger: "Manchmal musst du volles Risiko gehen"|publisher=German Football Association|accessdate=21 October 2012|date=24 February 2012|language=de}}</ref> Rüdiger ekwuola okwu ugboro ugboro banyere ịkpa ókè agbụrụ n'egwuregwu ahụ, ọkachasị mgbe ọ lụchara Tottenham Hotspur na 24 Febụwarị 2020.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://talksport.com/football/673771/racism-won-rudiger-tottenham-chelsea-abuse/|title=IT'S SAD 'Racism won' says Antonio Rudiger after Tottenham fans jeer Chelsea defender in wake of abuse claims|work=talkSport.com|accessdate=16 September 2020}}</ref> N'afọ 2021, o dere edemede maka The Players' Tribune, nke akpọrọ "Nke a agaghị edozi ịkpa ókè agbụrụ na bọọlụ," n'isiokwu ahụ, na-atụle ahụmahụ ya na ịkpa ókè ịkpa ókè nwoke n'oge ndụ ya na ọrụ ya, yana ụzọ ndị nwere ike isi lụso ya ọgụ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.theplayerstribune.com/posts/antonio-ruediger-champions-league-soccer-racism-chelsea|title=This Article Will Not Solve Racism in Football|publisher=The Players' Tribune|author=Rüdiger|first=Antonio|date=27 May 2021|accessdate=28 May 2021}}</ref> Ọ lụrụ di ma nwee nwa nwoke na nwa nwanyị.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/antonio-ruediger-no-one-knows-what-will-happen-at-chelsea-i-couldnt-wait-until-june-to-sort-out-my-future-fjr2k8j75|author=The Times|title=No one knows what will happen at Chelsea - I couldn't wait until June to sort out my future|date=20 May 2022|accessdate=21 September 2022}}</ref> [[Usòrò:RudigervNewcastle.jpg|thumb|Rüdiger megide Newcastle 2018|236x236px]] == Ndekọ ọnụ ọgụgụ ọrụ == === Klọb === {{updated|match played 30 October 2022}}<ref name="SW">{{Soccerway}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+Egwuregwu na ihe mgbaru ọsọ site na klọb, oge na asọmpi ! rowspan="2" |Klọb ! rowspan="2" |Oge ! colspan="3" |Njikọ ! colspan="2" |Iko Mba ! colspan="2" |Iko Njikọ ! colspan="2" |Europe ! colspan="2" |Ndị ọzọ ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta |- !Nkewa !Ngwa !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ !Ngwa !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ !Ngwa !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ !Ngwa !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ !Ngwa !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ !Ngwa !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ |- | rowspan="4" |VfB Stuttgart nke Abụọ |2011-12 |3. Njikọ |17 |1 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |17 |1 |- |201213 |3. Njikọ |4 |2 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |4 |2 |- |2014-15 |3. Njikọ |1 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |1 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta !22 !3 ! colspan="2" |Ọdịdị ! colspan="2" |Ọdịdị ! colspan="2" |Ọdịdị ! colspan="2" |Ọdịdị !22 !3 |- | rowspan="5" |VfB Stuttgart |2011-12 |Bundesliga |1 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |1 |0 |- |201213 |Bundesliga |16 |0 |4 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |4 [nke dị ala-alpha 1] |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |24 |0 |- |201314 |Bundesliga |30 |2 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |4 [nke dị ala-alpha 1] |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |35 |2 |- |2014-15 |Bundesliga |19 |0 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |20 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta !66 !2 !6 !0 ! colspan="2" |Ọdịdị !8 !0 ! colspan="2" |Ọdịdị !80 !2 |- |Roma (nke a gbazitere) |201516 |Usoro A |30 |2 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |6 [Lower-alpha 2] |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |37 |2 |- | rowspan="2" |Rom |201617 |Usoro A |26 |0 |4 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |5 [nke dị ala-alpha 1] |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |35 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta !56 !2 !5 !0 ! colspan="2" |Ọdịdị !11 !0 ! colspan="2" |Ọdịdị !72 !2 |- | rowspan="6" |Chelsea |2017 18 |Njikọ Premier |27 |2 |6 |0 |5 |1 |6 [Lower-alpha 2] |0 |1 [nke dị ala-alpha 3] |0 |45 |3 |- |201819 |Njikọ Premier |33 |1 |2 |0 |4 |0 |4 [nke dị ala-alpha 1] |0 |1 [nke dị ala-alpha 3] |0 |44 |1 |- |201920 |Njikọ Premier |20 |2 |4 |0 |0 |0 |2[Lower-alpha 2] |0 |0 |0 |26 |2 |- |2020 21 |Njikọ Premier |19 |1 |4 |0 |0 |0 |11 [Lower-alpha 2] |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |34 |1 |- |2021 22 |Njikọ Premier |34 |3 |5 |0 |3 |1 |9[Lower-alpha 2] |1 |3 [Lower-alpha 4] |0 |54 |5 |- ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta !133 !9 !21 !0 !12 !2 !32 !1 !5 !0 !203 !12 |- |Real Madrid |202223 |[[La Liga|Njikọ ahụ]] |12 |1 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |4 [Lower-alpha 2] |1 |1 [nke dị ala-alpha 5] |0 |17 |2 |- ! colspan="3" |Ọrụ zuru ezu !289 !17 !32 !0 !12 !2 !55 !2 !6 !0 !394 !21 |} {{notelist}} === Mba ụwa === {{updated|match played 23 September 2022}}<ref name=NFT>{{NFT player|access-date=11 February 2019}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+Egwuregwu na ihe mgbaru ọsọ site na otu mba na afọ !Ndị otu mba !Afọ !Ngwa !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ |- | rowspan="9" |Germany |2014 |5 |0 |- |2015 |2 |0 |- |2016 |4 |0 |- |2017 |11 |1 |- |2018 |7 |0 |- |2019 |1 |0 |- |2020 |7 |0 |- |2021 |12 |1 |- |2022 |5 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta !54 !2 |} : ''Ka ọ na-erule egwuregwu a gbara na 11 Nọvemba 2021'' : Germany akara edepụtara na mbụ, kọlụm akara na-egosi akara mgbe Rüdiger ọ bụla goolu {| class="wikitable" |+Ndepụta nke ihe mgbaru ọsọ mba ụwa nke Antonio Rüdiger gbara ! scope="col" |Mba. ! scope="col" |Ụbọchị ! scope="col" |Ebe a na-anọ ! scope="col" |Isi ! scope="col" |Onye mmegide ! scope="col" |Ihe ndị a tụrụ ! scope="col" |Nsonaazụ ! scope="col" |Ịsọ mpi |- | align="center" |1 |8 Ọktoba 2017 |Fritz-Walter-Stadion, Kaiserslautern, Germany | align="center" |20 | Azerbaijan | align="center" |31 Nke 1 | align="center" |5 Na 1 |2018 FIFA World Cup iru eru |- | align="center" |2 |8 Septemba 2021 |Laugardalsvöllur, Reykjavík, Iceland | align="center" |47 | Iceland | align="center" |2 na 0 | align="center" |4 na 0 |2022 FIFA World Cup iru eru |} == Nsọpụrụ == '''Chelsea''' * FA Cup: 2017 na-esote: 2019 na-eso ụzọ, 2020 na-eso ya, 2021 na-eso abụọ<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/44091559|title=Chelsea 1–0 Manchester United|first=Phil|author=McNulty|work=BBC Sport|date=19 May 2018|accessdate=19 May 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/53546100|title=Arsenal 2–1 Chelsea|first=Phil|author=McNulty|work=BBC Sport|date=1 August 2020|accessdate=1 August 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/57055571|title=Chelsea 0–1 Leicester City|first=Phil|author=McNulty|work=BBC Sport|date=15 May 2021|accessdate=16 May 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/61429640|title=Chelsea 0–0 Liverpool|first=Phil|author=McNulty|work=BBC Sport|date=14 May 2022|accessdate=14 May 2022}}</ref> * UEFA Champions League: 202021<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/57268064|title=Man. City 0–1 Chelsea|first=Phil|author=McNulty|work=BBC Sport|date=29 May 2021|accessdate=31 May 2021}}</ref> * UEFA Europa League: 2018-19<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/48368406|title=Chelsea 4–1 Arsenal|first=Chris|author=Bevan|work=BBC Sport|date=29 May 2019|accessdate=2 June 2019}}</ref> * UEFA Super Cup: 2021<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/58157867|title=Chelsea 1–1 Villarreal|first=Mark|author=Sterling|work=BBC Sport|date=11 August 2021|accessdate=22 August 2021}}</ref> * FIFA Club World Cup: 2021<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/60352740|title=Chelsea 2–1 Palmeiras|work=BBC Sport|date=12 February 2022|accessdate=28 February 2022}}</ref> * Onye nke abụọ na EFL Cup: 2018 na 19, 2021<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/60450274|title=Chelsea 0–0 Liverpool|first=Phil|author=McNulty|work=BBC Sport|date=27 February 2022|accessdate=28 February 2022}}</ref> na 22<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/47268861|title=Chelsea 0–0 Manchester City|first=Phil|author=McNulty|work=BBC Sport|date=24 February 2019|accessdate=22 April 2019}}</ref> '''Real Madrid''' * UEFA Super Cup: 2022<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.uefa.com/uefasupercup/news/0278-15d6268709ab-38bef8ec34df-1000--report-real-madrid-win-the-super-cup/|title=Real Madrid 2–0 Eintracht Frankfurt: Five-star Madrid triumph in Helsinki|work=UEFA.com|publisher=Union of European Football Associations|date=10 August 2022|accessdate=11 August 2022}}</ref> '''Germany''' * FIFA Confederations Cup: 2017<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.fifa.com/confederationscup/matches/round=274645/match=300334881/report.html|title=Match report: Chile – Germany|publisher=FIFA|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190629203614/https://www.fifa.com/confederationscup/matches/round=274645/match=300334881/report.html|archivedate=29 June 2019}}</ref> '''Onye ọ bụla''' * U19 Fritz Walter Gold Medal: 2012<ref>{{Cite news|title=Kroos, Draxler, Götze, Werner and Havertz: a history of the Fritz Walter Medal|url=https://www.bundesliga.com/en/news/Bundesliga/fritz-walter-medal-what-is-it-kroos-gotze-draxler-werner-havertz-510186.jsp|accessdate=1 August 2020|work=Bundesliga|archive-date=3 April 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220403205717/https://www.bundesliga.com/en/news/Bundesliga/fritz-walter-medal-what-is-it-kroos-gotze-draxler-werner-havertz-510186.jsp|url-status=dead}}</ref> * Ndị otu UEFA Champions League nke Oge: 2020<ref>{{Cite news|title=UEFA Champions League Squad of the Season|url=https://www.uefa.com/uefachampionsleague/news/0269-12688c451cdd-b6efcb4ce948-1000--champions-league-all-star-squad/|work=UEFA.com|publisher=Union of European Football Associations|date=31 May 2021|accessdate=1 June 2021}}</ref> * UEFA Champions League Team nke Oge: 2021<ref>{{Cite news|title=2021/22 UEFA Champions League Team of the Season|url=https://www.uefa.com/uefachampionsleague/news/0275-154650014aef-02a394f30379-1000--official-team-of-the-season/|work=UEFA.com|publisher=Union of European Football Associations|date=31 May 2022|accessdate=31 May 2022}}</ref> * PFA Team of the Year: 202122 Premier League<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/61736732|title=Mohamed Salah and Sam Kerr win PFA player of year awards|publisher=BBC Sport|date=9 June 2022|accessdate=9 June 2022}}</ref> * ESM Team nke Afọ: 2021<ref>{{Cite book|author=Rainbow|first=Jamie|title=ESM Team of the Season – 2021-22|date=13 June 2022|url=https://www.worldsoccer.com/esm-golden-shoe/esm11/esm-team-of-the-season-2021-22-413812|accessdate=21 June 2022}}</ref> == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * [https://www.chelseafc.com/en/teams/first-team/antonio-ruediger?pageTab=biography Profaịlụ] na ebe nrụọrụ weebụ Chelsea FC * Antonio Rüdiger at Soccerbase * Antonio Rüdiger at fussballdaten.de (in German) [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 9syv4bzik7hfghtutwzcxxqms4qtlt4 0 24286 727418 150450 2026-09-23T15:07:16Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727418 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox scientist|name=Anny Cazenave|image=|image_size=|alt=|caption=|birth_name=Anny Boistay|birth_date=3 March 1944|birth_place=Draveil|death_date=<!-- {{Death date and age|YYYY|MM|DD|YYYY|MM|DD}} (death date then birth date) -->|death_place=|residence=|fields=[[Geophysics]], [[geodesy]], [[oceanography]], [[hydrology]]|workplaces=[[CNES]]|alma_mater=[[Paul Sabatier University]]|thesis_title=|thesis_url=|thesis_year=|doctoral_advisor=|academic_advisors=|doctoral_students=|notable_students=|known_for=|author_abbrev_bot=|author_abbrev_zoo=|influences=|influenced=|awards=[[Legion of Honour]] (2010)<br>[[William Bowie Medal]] (2012)|signature=<!--(filename only)-->|signature_alt=|website=<!-- {{URL|www.example.com}} -->|footnotes=|spouse=|children=}} [[Category:Articles with hCards]] {{Databox}} '''Anny Cazenave''' ({{IPA-fr|ani kaznav|-|Fr-Anny Cazenave.ogg}}) bụ onye mba Fransi amara amara na arụ ọrụ dị ka space geodesist ma bụrụ kwa otu n'ime ndị hiwere satellite altimetry. Ọ na a rụrụ ndị mba French space agency CNES ọrụ ma bụrụ kwa onye n" esota onye isi nke Laboratoire d'Etudes en Geophysique et Oceanographie Spatiale (LEGOS) at Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées in Toulouse kemgbe afọ otú puku narị itoolu na iri itoolu na isii. Kemgbe afọ puku abụọ na iri na ato, ọ bụ onye isi nke Earth sciences at the International Space Sciences institute (ISSI), in Bern (Switzerland). As one of the leading scientists in the joint French/American satellite altimetry missions TOPEX/Poseidon, Jason-1, and the Ocean Surface Topography Mission, she has contributed to a greater understanding of [[Tashin matakin teku|sea level rise]] caused by global warming. Cazenave is a member of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change and was the lead author of the sea level sections for their fourth and fifth Assessment Reports. == Mmalite ndụ ya na agụm akwụkwọ == Not from an academic background, Cazenave was not destined to work in the sciences. However, she achieved a postgraduate doctorate in fundamental astronomy (Paris, 1969) as well as receiving her Ph.D. in geophysics from the University of Toulouse in 1975.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.academie-sciences.fr/academie/membre/CazenaveA_bio022011_gb.pdf|title=CV of Anny Cazenave|publisher=French Academy of Sciences|accessdate=19 October 2013|archivedate=20 October 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131020211609/http://www.academie-sciences.fr/academie/membre/CazenaveA_bio022011_gb.pdf}}</ref> == N' azụ Mahadum == From 1975 until the mid-1990s, Cazenave researched temporal and spatial variations of gravity. She used satellite altimetry data from SEASAT, ERS-1, and TOPEX/Poseidon to devise gravity models of deep ocean geodynamic processes. The models were used to investigate marine tectonic features such as geoid height variations across deep ocean trenches and fracture zones, lithospheric cooling and subsidence, and the isostatic compensation of seamount chains.<ref name="AGU">{{Cite web|author=Peltier|first=W. R.|title=2012 William Bowie Medal Winner Anny Cazenave|url=http://honors.agu.org/winners/anny-cazenave/?sub=citation|publisher=[[American Geophysical Union]]|accessdate=17 October 2013}}</ref> Cazenave turned her focus to space oceanography in the 1990s. Using data sets from the satellite altimetry missions TOPEX/Poseidon, Jason-1, and the Ocean Surface Topography Mission of Jason-2, she has addressed the problem of [[Tashin matakin teku|global sea level rise]]. She was among the first scientists to use the satellite altimetry data to extrapolate a rate of sea level rise of approximately three mm/year. She addressed the problem of balancing the global sea level budget by incorporating time-dependent gravity field data from the GRACE satellite system into her analyses. She has also been involved in studying terrestrial bodies of water from space.<ref name="AGU"/> Cazenave is interested in "measuring temporal changes of the Earth gravity field using space gravimetry and in applications to ice sheet mass balance and change in total land water storage."<ref>{{Cite web|title=Anny Cazenave - Research Interests|url=http://www.nasonline.org/member-directory/members/20007153.html|publisher=[[National Academy of Sciences]]|accessdate=19 October 2013|archive-date=24 March 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190324140449/http://www.nasonline.org/member-directory/members/20007153.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> Cazenave is a member of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change and was the lead author of the sea level sections of the 2007 IPCC Fourth Assessment Report and the 2014 IPCC Fifth Assessment Report.<ref>{{Cite news|title=In new report, climate experts to warn of sea peril|url=http://www.business-standard.com/article/pti-stories/in-new-report-climate-experts-to-warn-of-sea-peril-113092500756_1.html|work=[[Business Standard]]|date=25 September 2013}}</ref> Cazenave has called attention to the effects of climate change on sea level rising. She has indicated that extremely flat regions such as Bangladesh could have their groundwater threatened by sea salinisation.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Soucy|first=Louise-Maude Rioux|title=Un entretien avec Anny Cazenave - Variations climatiques extrêmes prévues|url=https://www.ledevoir.com/societe/science-et-technologie/27719/un-entretien-avec-anny-cazenave-variations-climatiques-extremes-prevues|work=Le Devoir|date=17 May 2003|language=French}}</ref> Cazenave was elected to the French Academy of Sciences in 2004.<ref>{{Cite web|title=French Science Academy Welcomes Leading Science Personality from CNES|url=http://www.cnes.fr/web/CNES-en/3025-pr66-2004-anny-cazenave-elected-at-the-french-science-academy.php|publisher=CNES|date=6 December 2004|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131020173621/http://www.cnes.fr/web/CNES-en/3025-pr66-2004-anny-cazenave-elected-at-the-french-science-academy.php|archivedate=20 October 2013}}</ref> She was the 2012 recipient of the William Bowie Medal. She is foreign member of the National Academy of Sciences (USA), of the Indian National Academy of sciences (India) and Royal Academy of Belgium. == Ụfọdụ ọrụ ya == Cazenave has authored more than 200 scientific articles for international peer-reviewed journals. * A. Cazenave, K. Feigl, ''Formes et Mouvements de la Terre'', Belin Editions, 1994. * A. Cazenave, D. Massonnet, ''La Terre vue de l'espace'', Belin Editions, 2004. == Ihe nrite na nkwanye ùgwù == * Doisteau-Blutet Prize from the French Academy of Sciences (1979) * CNRS Bronze Medal (1980) * Knight of the National Order of Merit (1981) * Doisteau-Blutet Prize from the French Academy of Sciences (1990) * Kodak-Pathe Landucci Prize from the French Academy of Sciences (1996) * Fellow of the American Geophysical Union (AGU) (1996) * Officer of the National Order of Merit (1997) * Vening Meinesz Medal of the European Geophysical Society (1999) * Knight of the Legion of Honour (2000) * Arthur Holmes Medal & Honorary Membership (2005)<ref>{{Cite web|title=Arthur Holmes Medal & Honorary Membership 2005|url=http://www.egu.eu/awards-medals/arthur-holmes/2005/anny-cazenave/|publisher=European Geosciences Union|accessdate=17 October 2013}}</ref> * Commander of the National Order of Merit (2007) * Manley Bendall Prize, first Medal Albert of Monaco, the Oceanographic Institute (2008) * Elected foreign member of the U.S. National Academy of Sciences (2008) * Officer of the Legion of Honour (2010) * Prix Émile Girardeau the Naval Academy (2010) * Elected to the Indian National Science Academy (2011) * Bowie Medal of the American Geophysical Union (2012) * Grand Officer of the National Order of Merit (2015) * Prize Georges Lemaitre of the University Catholic of Louvain (2015) * BBVA Foundation Frontiers of Knowledge Award (2018) jointly with Jonathan M. Gregory and John A. Church * Vetlesen Prize of Columbia University's Lamont–Doherty Earth Observatory and the G. Unger Vetlesen Foundation (2020) <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ldeo.columbia.edu/the-vetlesen-prize|title=The Vtlesen Prize|publisher=Columbia University|accessdate=30 August 2020}}</ref> == References == {{Reflist}} == Odide mpụga == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20131103134441/http://spaceinvideos.esa.int/Videos/2012/09/Earth_from_Space_Special_edition Interview with Cazenave] (video) {{Authority control}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 34q0g8vtfbu89z15pdnw9cpg9ubw98l 0 24815 727419 698794 2026-09-23T15:09:26Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727419 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}   '''Anthony Leiserowitz''' bụ onye na-ahụ maka ọdịdị ala mmadụ na Mahadum Yale nke na-amụ echiche ọha na eze banyere mgbanwe ihu igwe. Ọ enyochala echiche ndị dị na United States, ebe ndị mmadụ na-amachaghị maka mgbanwe ihu igwe karịa na mba ndị ọzọ. Na U.S., imata ozi gbasara mgbanwe ihu igwe na-emetụta mmetụta mmetụta, onyonyo, mkpakọrịta na ụkpụrụ. Okwu ihu ọha ha na-egosipụta enweghị nghọta nke sayensị metụtara mgbanwe ihu igwe na amachaghị nke nwere ike ịzaghachi ya nke ọma.Anthony Leiserowitz bụ onye na-ahụ maka ọdịdị ala mmadụ na Mahadum Yale nke na-amụ echiche ọha na eze banyere mgbanwe ihu igwe. Ọ enyochala echiche ndị dị na United States, ebe ndị mmadụ na-amachaghị maka mgbanwe ihu igwe karịa na mba ndị ọzọ. Na U.S., imata ozi gbasara mgbanwe ihu igwe na-emetụta mmetụta mmetụta, onyonyo, mkpakọrịta na ụkpụrụ. Okwu ihu ọha ha na-egosipụta enweghị nghọta nke sayensị metụtara mgbanwe ihu igwe na amachaghị nke nwere ike ịzaghachi ya nke ọma.Anthony Leiserowitz bụ onye na-ahụ maka ọdịdị ala mmadụ na Mahadum Yale nke na-amụ echiche ọha na eze banyere mgbanwe ihu igwe. Ọ enyochala echiche ndị dị na United States, ebe ndị mmadụ na-amachaghị maka mgbanwe ihu igwe karịa na mba ndị ọzọ. Na U.S., imata ozi gbasara mgbanwe ihu igwe na-emetụta mmetụta mmetụta, onyonyo, mkpakọrịta na ụkpụrụ. Okwu ihu ọha ha na-egosipụta enweghị nghọta nke sayensị metụtara mgbanwe ihu igwe na amachaghị nke nwere ike ịzaghachi ya nke ọma. [[Category:Articles with hCards]] == Mmalite ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ == Mgbe ụfọdụ a na-akpọ ya Tony Leiserowitz, ọ tolitere n'ugbo dị na Michigan. Nne na nna ya bụ ndị na-ese ihe. Ọ nwetara akara ugo mmụta na Mahadum Michigan State na 1990 wee kwaga Colorado, na-achọ ịrụ ọrụ dị ka onye na-agba ọsọ ski. Mgbe ọ nọ n'ebe ahụ, ọ malitere inwe mmasị na mgbanwe ihu igwe wee gaa Mahadum Oregon iji mụọ n'okpuru Paul Slovic, ọkachamara na nghọta ihe ize ndụ. N'afọ 2003, Leiserowitz nwetara Ph.D. ya na ọdịdị ala mmadụ. == Ọrụ == Ọ sonyeere ngalaba Yale na 2007. ọ malitere imekọ ihe ọnụ Edward Maibach rụkọọ ọrụ na 2008 iji mụọ echiche ndị mmadụ banyere mgbanwe ihu igwe.<ref name="YaleAlumMag">{{Cite news|author=Banerjee|first=Neela|title=What do Americans think about global warming?|url=https://yalealumnimagazine.com/articles/4018-what-do-americans-think-about-global-warming|work=Yale Alumni Magazine|date=January–February 2015|language=en}}</ref> Ka ọ na-erule n'afọ 2018, ọ nwere nhọpụta dị ka onye isi nchọpụta sayensị na Yale School of Forestry and Environmental Studies ma bụrụ onye nduzi nke Yale Project on Climate Change Communication, onye isi nchoputa na Center for Research on Environmental Decisions na Mahadum Columbia, na onye nchọpụta sayensi na Decision Research.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Anthony Leiserowtiz in the Yale Directory|url=https://directory.yale.edu/?queryType=field&upi=12484193|publisher=Yale University|accessdate=22 July 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://environment.yale.edu/climate-communication/about/staff|title=Staff|publisher=Yale Project on Climate Change Communication|accessdate=December 4, 2013|archivedate=November 5, 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131105010702/http://environment.yale.edu/climate-communication/about/staff}}</ref> Ọ bụ onye natara Ụlọ ọrụ nchekwa gburugburu(EPA) 2011 Environmental Merit Award, ma ka ọ na-erule afọ 2013, o bipụtara ihe dịka 100 isiokwu sayensị na isi akwụkwọ gbasara nkwenkwe mgbanwe ihu igwe, nghọta, na omume.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.epa.gov/environmental-merit-awards-new-england/2012-environmental-merit-award-recipients|title=2012 Environmental Merit Award Recipients|date=October 13, 2015|accessdate=January 26, 2016|publisher=EPA|archive-date=February 3, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160203045054/http://www.epa.gov/environmental-merit-awards-new-england/2012-environmental-merit-award-recipients|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://environment.yale.edu/profile/leiserowitz/publications|title=Leiserowitz Publications|publisher=Yale|accessdate=December 4, 2013|archivedate=May 15, 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140515114206/http://environment.yale.edu/profile/leiserowitz/publications}}</ref> == Ihe akwụkwọ 2021 weputara == N'afọ 2021, Leiserowitz kwupụtara ịmepụta ihe nkiri, Meltdown, nke na-edekọ njem ọ gara Greenland. E mere ihe nkiri ahụ n'oge njem ya iji mụọ mmetụta nke mgbanwe ihu igwe na Greenland. O nwere mmeghachi omume ya na ahụmịhe ahụ na nkwupụta ya banyere mgbanwe ihu igwe, nke ọ na-amụ kemgbe ọtụtụ iri afọ. Vidio nkwalite pụtara na cheddar.com na ngwụcha Febụwarị 2021.<ref>Leiserowitz, Anthony, [https://web.archive.org/web/20230404111029/https://cheddar.com/media/meltdown-documentary-offers-firsthand-look-at-melting-ice-in-greenland 'Meltdown' Documentary Offers Firsthand Look at Melting Ice in Greenland]'', [[Cheddar (TV channel)|Chedder]], February 23, 2021 (video)''</ref> == Akwụkwọ ndị a họọrọ == * {{Cite journal|doi=10.1111/j.1540-6261.2005.00690.x|author=Leiserowitz|first=A.|year=2005|title=American Risk Perceptions: Is Climate Change Dangerous?|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_risk-analysis_2005-12_25_6/page/1433|journal=Risk Analysis|volume=25|issue=6|pages=1433–1442|pmid=16506973}} * {{Cite journal|doi=10.1007/s10584-006-9059-9|author=Leiserowitz|first=A.|year=2006|title=Climate Change Risk Perception and Policy Preferences: The Role of Affect, Imagery and Values|journal=Climatic Change|volume=77|issue=1–2|pages=45–72}} * {{Cite journal|doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0017571|author=Maibach|first=E.|year=2011|title=Identifying Like-Minded Audiences for Global Warming Public Engagement Campaigns: An Audience Segmentation Analysis and Tool Development|journal=PLOS ONE|volume=6|issue=3|pages=e17571|pmid=21423743}} * {{Cite journal|doi=10.1146/annurev.energy.31.102505.133552|author=Leiserowitz|first=A.|year=2006|title=Sustainability Values, Attitudes, and Behaviors: A Review of Multinational and Global Trends|journal=[[Annual Review of Environment and Resources]]|volume=31|pages=413–444|url=https://www.hks.harvard.edu/sites/default/files/centers/cid/files/publications/faculty-working-papers/113-2.pdf}} * {{Cite journal|doi=10.1177/0002764212458272|author=Leiserowitz|first=A.|year=2013|title=Climategate, public opinion, and the loss of trust|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_american-behavioral-scientist_2013-06_57_6/page/818|journal=American Behavioral Scientist|volume=57|issue=6|pages=818–837}} == Ihe odide == <references responsive="1"></references> == n'ihu ihe ọzọ == * {{Cite web|url=http://www.knowledgenetworks.com/accuracy/fall-winter2010/leiserowitz-fall2010.html|title=Interview with Anthony Leiserowitz|publisher=Knowledge Networks|date=Fall–Winter 2010|accessdate=December 4, 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130116083914/http://knowledgenetworks.com/accuracy/fall-winter2010/leiserowitz-fall2010.html|archivedate=January 16, 2013}} {{Authority control}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 63pblj4p2yfhwg67fk2ju1i2ta5vpll 0 24835 727522 579961 2026-09-24T05:34:00Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727522 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}{{Databox}}{{Databox}}{{Databox}}  '''Cathryn Mataga''' (onye amụrụ '''William Mataga''') bụ onye na-eme mmemme egwuregwu na onye guzobere ụlọ ọrụ egwuregwu vidio Junglevision.<ref name="shamus">{{Cite book|url=http://mocagh.org/miscgame/shamus-manual.pdf|title=Shamus Manual|year=1983}}</ref><ref name="jv-shamus">{{Cite web|url=http://www.junglevision.com/shamus/|title=The Classic Game Shamus}}</ref><ref name="computer85">{{Cite journal|first=Selby|author=Bateman|title=The Prose and the Parser: How Writers See Games|journal=Compute!'s Gazette|date=June 1985|volume=3|issue=24}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://junglevision.com/company.html|title=Junglevision: Company|publisher=Junglevision}}</ref> N'okpuru aha William, o dere Atari 8-bit ezinụlọ egwuregwu maka Synapse Software na mbido ruo n'etiti afọ 1980, gụnyere ''Shamus'', onye na-agba égbè flip-screen.<ref>{{Cite journal|url=http://www.jamiefaye.com/newsjamiegamer.html|title=Game Designers Just Wanna Be Girls: Interview with Jamie Faye Fenton|journal=[[Next Generation (magazine)|Next Generation]]|date=June 21, 1999}}</ref> [[Category:Articles with hCards]] == Ọrụ == Mataga mepụtara egwuregwu ''Shamus'' na 1982, nke a na-akpọ William maka ezinụlọ Atari 8-bit.<ref name="jv-shamus" /><ref name="shamus" /> A na-ekwu na ọtụtụ n'ime arịrịọ egwuregwu ahụ sitere na ọchị Mataga, dị ka ịmepụta "nnukwu nsụgharị" nke egwu isiokwu Alfred Hitchcock na mmeghe egwuregwu ahụ.<ref>{{Cite book|title=The Creative Atari|chapterurl=https://archive.org/details/ataribooks-the-creative-atari|chapter=Shamus|editor=David Small, Sandy Small and George Blank|publisher=Creative Computing Press|year=1983|isbn=978-0916688349}}</ref> Mataga sochiri ya na ihe na-esote ''Shamus'': Case II na onye na-agba égbè ''Zeppelin''. Steve Hales nke Synapse Software, n'ajụjụ ọnụ maka akwụkwọ Halcyon Days, kwuru na ya na Mataga mere ka onye guzobere ụlọ ọrụ ahụ Ihor Wolosenko kwenye itinye ụlọ ọrụ ahụ n'ime akụkọ ifo.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://dadgum.com/halcyon/BOOK/HALES.HTM|author=Steve Hales|accessdate=2016-04-13|title=Halcyon Days: Interviews with Classic Computer and Video Game Programmers}}</ref> Mataga mepụtara asụsụ mmemme akụkọ ifo na-emekọrịta ihe nke a maara dị ka BtZ (Kwuo mma karịa Zork) maka Broderbund, na mbido afọ 1980.<ref name="computer85" /> Mataga so Hales na onye na-ede uri Robert Pinsky rụkọọ ọrụ na egwuregwu akụkọ ifo ''Mindwheel'' (1984).<ref name="computer85" /> Mataga bụ otu n'ime ndị mmemme na-arụ ọrụ na Stormfront Studios na Neverwinter Nights MMORPG mbụ.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6dgTAQAAIAAJ|title=Everquest Companion: The Inside Story|author=Marks|first=Robert|date=2003-01-01|publisher=McGraw-Hill Osborne|isbn=9780072229035|language=en}}</ref> Don Daglow kwuru na Mataga bụ otu n'ime ndị mmemme gosipụtara nkwupụta Daglow na ọ nwere ike ime ka Neverwinter Nights nwee ihe ịga nke ọma.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.gamasutra.com/view/news/102180/Column_Playing_Catch_Up_Stormfront_Studios_Don_Daglow.php|title=Column: 'Playing Catch Up: Stormfront Studios' Don Daglow'|author=Wallis|first=Alistair|work=www.gamasutra.com|date=19 October 2006|accessdate=2016-04-13|archive-date=2012-05-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120512140400/http://www.gamasutra.com/view/news/102180/Column_Playing_Catch_Up_Stormfront_Studios_Don_Daglow.php|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Egwuregwu == * ''Shamus'' (1982), Synapse Software<ref name="quest">{{Cite journal|url=https://archive.org/details/questbusters-v2n03|title=Mindwheel: An Electronic Novel|journal=QuestBusters|volume=2|issue=3|date=March 1985}}</ref> * ''Shamus'': Case II (1983), Synapse Software * ''Zeppelin'' (1983), Synapse Software * ''[[Mindwheel]]'' (1984), Broderbund Software<ref>Kosek, Steven (July 21, 1985). "Poet Robert Pinsky goes hi-tech to give electronic novel a whirl", ''[[Chicago Tribune]]'', p. 33.</ref><ref name="quest" /> * ''[[Essex (video game)|Essex]]'' (1985), Broderbund * ''[[Brimstone (video game)|Brimstone]]'' (1985), Broderbund * Breakers (1986), Broderbund * Neverwinter Nights (1991), Strategic Simulations<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UPtOAQAAIAAJ&q=Mataga|title=Understanding computer game culture: the cultural shaping of a new medium|publisher=Lambert Academic Pub.|author=van Looy, Jan|year=2010|pages=271|isbn=9783838332130}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6dgTAQAAIAAJ&q=Cathryn+Mataga|title=Everquest Companion: The Inside Lore of a Game World|publisher=McGraw-Hill|author=Marks, Robert|year=2003|isbn=9780072229035}}</ref> * ''Ọnụ ụzọ'' mbata nke Savage Frontier (1991), Strategic Simulations * ''Akụ̀ dị'' oké ọnụ ahịa nke Ógbè Savage (1992), Strategic Simulations * Stronghold (1993), Strategic Simulations * Dark Sun Online: Crimson Sands (1996), Strategic Simulations [citation needed] * ''Rampage 2'': Universal Tour (1999), Midway Games * X-Men: Ọchịchị nke Apocalypse (2001), Activision * Spyro: Oge Ice (2001), Universal Interactive * ''Rayman'' (2001), Ubi Soft<ref>Charla, Chris (November 2001). "Digital Eclipse's Rayman Advance", ''[[Game Developer (magazine)|Game Developer]]'' '''8''' (11): 42–48.[https://archive.org/stream/GDM_November_2001/GDM_November_2001_djvu.txt Archived]</ref> * Ogige Dragọn (2001), Capcom * Grand Theft Auto Advance (2004), Rockstar Games * ''Spider-Man 2'' (2004), Activision * [[Rayman: 10th Anniversary|Rayman]]: 10th Anniversary (2005), Ubisoft [citation needed] == Ebensidee == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * [http://junglevision.com/ Ọhụụ Ọhịa] * Profaịlụ [http://www.mobygames.com/developer/sheet/view/developerId,285/ ''Cathryn Mataga''] na MobyGames {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Mataga, Cathryn}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] a7ybyxzp4vqcxl68iotson4uwv0f4c8 0 24843 727516 140063 2026-09-24T05:11:11Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727516 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}   [[Category:Articles with hCards]] '''Carla Meninsky''' bụbu onye na-emepụta egwuregwu vidio na onye mmemme na-arụsi ọrụ ike n'afọ ndị mbụ nke Atari VCS.<ref name="Gamasutra">{{Cite web|url=http://www.gamasutra.com/view/feature/3766/atari_the_golden_years__a_.php?page=18|title=Atari: The Golden Years — A History, 1978–1981|first=Steve|author=Fulton|work=[[Gamasutra]]|date=August 21, 2008|accessdate=December 4, 2010|archive-date=March 3, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303225252/http://www.gamasutra.com/view/feature/3766/atari_the_golden_years__a_.php?page=18|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ya na Carol Shaw (onye mepụtara ''3-D Tic-Tac-Toe'' na River Raid), Meninsky bụ otu n'ime ụmụ nwanyị injinia atọ na Atari, Inc. iji mepụta cartridges egwuregwu vidio.<ref name="Crawford">{{Cite book|title=Chris Crawford on Game Design|first=Chris|author=Crawford|authorlink=Chris Crawford (game designer)|publisher=New Riders Games|year=2003|pages=[https://archive.org/details/chriscrawfordong00craw_0/page/223 223, 437]|isbn=0-13-146099-4|url=https://archive.org/details/chriscrawfordong00craw_0/page/223}}</ref> O mechara bụrụ onye ọka iwu na-ahụ maka ihe onwunwe ọgụgụ isi. == Ihe ndị mere n'oge gara aga == Nne Meninsky bụ onye mmemme na Carla mụtara mmemme na ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị, mana ọ gbanwere site na [[Ọmúmú-ónúọgụgụ|mgbakọ na mwepụ]] gaa na neuropsychology na imepụta ụbụrụ na Mahadum Stanford. N'ihi ọrụ nka ya, Meninsky nwere mmasị karịsịa na ọhụụ ma mesịa laghachi azụ na mmemme na nrọ ndụ ya niile nke ịmepụta ngwá ọrụ animation.<ref name="Will Nicholes">{{Cite web|url=https://willnicholes.com/2011/11/12/a-conversation-with-carla-meninsky/|title=A conversation with Carla Meninsky|work=willnicholes.com|date=12 November 2011|accessdate=2023-02-10}}</ref> Ọ malitere ọrụ kọleji ya na Stanford na-amụ mgbakọ na mwepụ mana o mechara gbanwee gaa na nkà mmụta akparamàgwà mmadụ n'ihi na ọ na-ada ụda karịa.<ref name="Will Nicholes"/> Ọ mụtara Fortran bụ isi na ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị site n'aka nne ya, onye bụ onye mmemme, ma site na nke a nwee mmasị na animation kọmputa.<ref name="Will Nicholes" /> == Atari, Inc. == Meninsky sonyeere Atari mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Mahadum Stanford na nzere na nkà mmụta akparamàgwà mmadụ. Maka Atari 2600 o dere egwuregwu ịgba ọsọ ''Indy 500'' na ''Dodge 'Em'' (dị ka 1979 Head On coin-op sitere na Sega), ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri 1981 nke Atari's Warlords, na 2600 version nke Star Raiders (nke Doug Neubauer mepụtara maka ezinụlọ Atari 8-bit).<ref name="Will Nicholes"/> O mechara rụọ ọrụ n'ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri Tempest nke a na-ahapụghị, mana prototypes dị.<ref name="AtariAge">{{Cite web|url=http://www.atariage.com/programmer_page.html?ProgrammerID=37|title=Programmers: Carla Meninsky|first=Albert|author=Yarusso|work=[[AtariAge]]|accessdate=December 3, 2010|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121016082815/http://www.atariage.com/programmer_page.html?ProgrammerID=37|archivedate=October 16, 2012}}</ref> == Ọrụ iwu == Meninsky rụrụ ọrụ maka Electronic Arts (EA) na ndị na-ebipụta egwuregwu ndị ọzọ ma mesịa malite ụlọ ọrụ mmemme nkwekọrịta nke ya. N'oge ọ na-ede nkwekọrịta na ịhụ ka ụlọ ọrụ ụfọdụ na-eleghara ikike ikike ọgụgụ isi anya, ọ malitere inwe mmasị na iwu ihe onwunwe ọgụgụ isi.<ref name="Will Nicholes"/> Meninsky gụsịrị akwụkwọ na George Washington University Law School ma ugbu a na-arụ ọrụ iwu ihe onwunwe ọgụgụ isi. Dị ka onye EPIC Public Interest Opportunities Program Fellow, Meninsky gbara akaebe n'ihu US Senate na 2002.<ref>{{Cite web|title=EPIC Statement on Biometrics and Identify Theft|author=Rotenberg, Marc|work=Electronic Privacy Information Center|url=http://epic.org/privacy/biometrics/testimony_071802.html|accessdate=2011-03-27|archivedate=2020-11-17|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20201117164922/https://epic.org/privacy/biometrics/testimony_071802.html}}</ref>   == Ebensidee == {{Reflist}} == Akwụkwọ ndị e bipụtara == * [https://www.mobygames.com/developer/sheet/view/developerId,104056/ Carla Meninsky] na MobyGames {{Atari 2600}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] m4yeenyjz1qoz668plt6u1atauwzy58 0 25616 727529 656695 2026-09-24T05:50:38Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727529 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Central Pollution Control Board''' (CPCB) nkè India bụ nzukọ iwu kwadoro n'okpuru Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (Mo.E.F.C.C.Ọ dị iche iche E guzobere ya n'afọ 1974 n'okpuru Iwu Mmiri (Nchịkwa na Nchịkwa nkè mmetọ), 1974. A na-enyekwa CPCB ikike na ọrụ n'okpuru Iwu Mmiri (Nchịkwa na Nchịkwa nke Mmetọ), afọ 1981. Ọ na-eje ozi dị ka ọzụzụ ubi ma na-enyekwa ọrụ teknụzụ na Ministry of Environment and Forests n'okpuru ndokwa nké Environment (Protection) Act, 1986. Ọ na-ahazi ọrụ nke State Pollution Control Boards site n'inye enyemaka na nduzi teknụzụ ma dozie esemokwu n'etiti ha. Ọ bụ nzukọ kachasị elu na mba ahụ n'ọhịa nchịkwa mmetọ, dị ka ngalaba teknụzụ nkè MoEFCC.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/delhi-ncr-air-pollution-cpcb-guidelines-complaints-supreme-court-social-media-5427900/|title=CPCB issues guidelines for public to lodge complaints on air pollution in Delhi-NCR|date=31 October 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=ESTABLISHMENT OF - Central Pollution Control Board|url=http://www.cpcb.nic.in/NRTOL-Profile.pdf|publisher=Central Pollution Control Board|accessdate=31 May 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130828140645/http://cpcb.nic.in/NRTOL-Profile.pdf|archivedate=28 August 2013}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Evaluation of Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB)|url=http://www.cpcb.nic.in/IIMLko.pdf|publisher=Indian Institute of Management, Lucknow|accessdate=10 February 2010|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130515110806/http://cpcb.nic.in/IIMLko.pdf|archivedate=15 May 2013}}</ref> Ónyé isi óche nke Kọmitii Ntinye nké Kọmiti nkè Gọọmentị India họpụtara na-eduzi ụlọ ọrụ ahụ.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Constitution of the Central Board|url=http://cpcb.nic.in/divisionsofheadoffice/rti/Manual-8.pdf|accessdate=31 May 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120514100126/http://cpcb.nic.in/divisionsofheadoffice/rti/Manual-8.pdf|archivedate=14 May 2012}}</ref> Ónyé isi óche na-anọchite anya ugbu a bụ Shri Tanmay Kumar (ọnwa Ọgọst afọ 2021) na ónyé odeakwụkwọ bụ Dr. Prashant Gargava.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Chairman of CPCB|url=http://www.cpcb.nic.in/contact.php|accessdate=31 May 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130601111819/http://cpcb.nic.in/contact.php|archivedate=1 June 2013}}</ref> CPCB nwèrè isi ụlọ ọrụ ya na New Delhi, nwéré ụlọ ọrụ mpaghara asaa na ụlọ nyocha ise. Kọmitii ahụ na-eme nyocha gbụrụ-gbúrụ ébé obibi na nyocha. Ọ bụ ọrụ ya màkà idebe ụkpụrụ mba n'okpuru iwu gbụrụ-gbúrụ ébé obibi dịgasị iche iche, na mkparịta ụka na ụlọ ọrụ mpaghara, agbụrụ, na gọọmentị ime obodo. Ọ nwèrè ọrụ nlekota nke mmiri na ikuku, ma na-edebe data nlekota.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/delhi/opened-social-media-account-for-citizens-to-lodge-complaints-on-pollution-in-delhi-ncr-cpcb-to-sc/articleshow/66459895.cms|title=Opened social media account for citizens to lodge complaints on pollution in Delhi-NCR: CPCB to SC|work=The Times of India|date=November 2018}}</ref> Ụlọ ọrụ ahụ na-arụkwa ọrụ na ụlọ ọrụ na ọkwa gọọmentị niile na mmemme mgbochi mmetọ dịgasị iché íchè na mgbalị nchekwa ike. Ọ na-adụ gọọmentị etiti ọdụ ka ha gbochie ma chịkwaa mmetọ mmiri na ikuku. Ọ na-enyekwa Gọọmentị nke Union Territories ndụmọdụ banyéré ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe na isi mmalite ndị ọzọ nke mmiri na mmetọ [[Mmetọ ikuku|ikuku]]. CPCB tinyere ndị ibe ya State Pollution Control Boards (SPCBs) na-ahụ màkà mmejuputa iwu metụtara mgbochi na njikwa mmetọ gbụrụ-gbúrụ ébé obibi.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Functions of the Central Board|url=http://cpcb.nic.in/Functions.php|accessdate=31 May 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090409221539/http://cpcb.nic.in/Functions.php|archivedate=9 April 2009}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Central Pollution Control Board|url=http://www.envirospectra.org/central-pollution-control-board-cpcb-india.html|accessdate=31 May 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120430061633/http://www.envirospectra.org/central-pollution-control-board-cpcb-india.html|archivedate=30 April 2012}}</ref> Kọmitii ahụ nwèrè ihe dịka ndị ọrụ ógè niile narị ise gụnyere ndị injinia, ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị, na ndị ọkachamara na-ahụ maka a nchekwa gbụrụ-gbúrụ ébé obibi.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Environmental Compliance and Enforcement in India: Rapid Assessment|url=http://www.oecd.org/environment/outreach/37838061.pdf|publisher=Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development}}</ref> == Akụkọ ihe mere eme == E guzobere CPCB na iri abụo na abụo ịdị ọcha nke iyi, olulu mmiri.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Evaluation of Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB)|url=http://www.cpcb.nic.in/IIMLko.pdf|publisher=Indian Institute of Management, Lucknow|accessdate=10 February 2010|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130515110806/http://cpcb.nic.in/IIMLko.pdf|archivedate=15 May 2013}}</ref> E wepụtara Iwu Nchedo Gburugburu Ebe Obibi (EPA) n'afọ 1986 iji mechie oghere dị na Iwu Mmiri na Mmiri, site na ịgbakwunye ọrụ ụfọdụ na CPCB. CPCB na-arụ ọrụ na mbelata na nchịkwa nke mmetọ na mba ahụ site na ịmepụta data dị mkpa, inye ozi sayensị, ịnye ntinye teknụzụ màkà ịmepụta iwu na mmemme mba, ọzụzụ na mmepe nke ndị ọrụ na ịhazi ọrụ màkà ịkwalite mmata na ọkwa dị íchè íchè nke Gọọmentị na ọha na eze.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Evaluation of Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB)|url=http://www.cpcb.nic.in/IIMLko.pdf|publisher=Indian Institute of Management, Lucknow|accessdate=10 February 2010|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130515110806/http://cpcb.nic.in/IIMLko.pdf|archivedate=15 May 2013}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Functions of CPCB|url=http://cpcb.nic.in/Functions.php|publisher=CPCB|accessdate=31 May 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090409221539/http://cpcb.nic.in/Functions.php|archivedate=9 April 2009}}</ref> E guzobere Kọmitii Nchịkwa Mmetọ Delhi (DPCC) n'afọ 1991 site na Central Government na-arụ ọrụ na (CPCB) na (NGT) iji chịkwaa mmetọ na Capital.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.dpcc.delhigovt.nic.in/about-dpcc.html|title=DPCC}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.indiaenvironmentportal.org.in/category/39343/thesaurus/delhi-pollution-control-committee-dpcc/?page=4|title=Delhi Pollution Control Committee (DPCC) - India Environment Portal {{!}} News, reports, documents, blogs, data, analysis on environment & development {{!}} India, South Asia|work=indiaenvironmentportal.org.in|accessdate=2019-08-05|archivedate=2019-08-02|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190802023346/http://www.indiaenvironmentportal.org.in/category/39343/thesaurus/delhi-pollution-control-committee-dpcc/?page=4}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/delhi-news/delhi-govt-readies-first-action-plan-to-curb-noise-pollution/story-QZa2ZP9JrMg1UUEdRXtViI.html|title=Delhi govt readies first action plan to curb noise pollution|date=2019-08-02|work=Hindustan Times|language=en|accessdate=2019-08-05}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.outlookindia.com/newsscroll/issue-notification-for-mandatory-use-of-sound-limiters-in-sound-systems-ngt-to-delhi-govt/1590513|title=Issue notification for mandatory use of sound limiters in sound systems: NGT to Delhi govt|work=Outlook (India)|accessdate=2019-08-05|archive-date=2019-08-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190805133312/https://www.outlookindia.com/newsscroll/issue-notification-for-mandatory-use-of-sound-limiters-in-sound-systems-ngt-to-delhi-govt/1590513|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Ọdịdị nhazi == [[File:Organizational_structure_of_CPCB.jpg|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|Ọdịdị nhazi nke CPCB]] CPCB na-eduzi site na ''Ónyé isi oche'' ya na-esote odeakwụkwọ ''ónyé'' otu. CPCB na-arụ ọrụ ya dị íchè íchè site na nnukwu ọrụ itoolu na-esonụ / isi mmefu ego.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Organization Chart|url=http://cpcb.nic.in/Organzation_Chart.php|publisher=CPCB|accessdate=31 May 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090409221722/http://cpcb.nic.in/Organzation_Chart.php|archivedate=9 April 2009}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Current Organogram of CPCB|url=http://www.cpcb.nic.in/IIMLko.pdf|publisher=Indian Institute of Management, Lucknow|accessdate=31 May 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130515110806/http://cpcb.nic.in/IIMLko.pdf|archivedate=15 May 2013}}</ref> * Nnyocha mmetọ (nnyocha na nlekota). * R&D na njikwa ụlọ nyocha. * Mmepe nke ụkpụrụ na ntuziaka màkà ụlọ ọrụ na-emepụta ikuku na ụkpụrụ nsị * Ọzụzụ * Nchịkwa nchekwa data na ọbá akwụkwọ * Nkà na ụzụ nchịkwa mmetọ * Mmanye nchịkwa mmetọ * Mgbasa ozi na mbipụta ọha na eze * Nchịkwa ihe mkpofu ihe ize ndụ<ref>{{Cite web|title=CPCB CPCB OF An Introduction|url=http://cpcbenvis.nic.in/CPCB%20PROFILE%20English.pdf|publisher=Central Pollution Control Board Ministry of Environment & Forests|accessdate=31 May 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130812170703/http://cpcbenvis.nic.in/CPCB%20PROFILE%20English.pdf|archivedate=12 August 2013}}</ref> == Nkewa nke CPCB Head Office == A na-ekewa isi ụlọ ọrụ CPCB ugbu a na ngalaba irí abụọ na abụọ. Nkewa ọ bụla nwèrè ónyé na-elekọta ya na ihe mgbaru ọsọ nke ọ bụla.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Divisions of Head Office|url=http://cpcb.nic.in/Divisions_Head_Office.php|publisher=CPCB|accessdate=31 May 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090409221712/http://cpcb.nic.in/Divisions_Head_Office.php|archivedate=9 April 2009}}</ref> * Ngalaba Na-ahụ Màkà Nchịkwa Mmetọ (PCP).<ref>{{Cite web|title=Pollution Control Planning Division|url=http://cpcb.nic.in/contact_pcp.php|publisher=CPCB|accessdate=31 May 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090409233504/http://cpcb.nic.in/contact_pcp.php|archivedate=9 April 2009}}</ref> * Mmetọ, Nnyocha, Nlekọta na Nnyocha (PAMS).<ref>{{Cite web|title=Pollution, Assessment, Monitoring & Survey|url=http://cpcb.nic.in/contact_pams.php|publisher=CPCB|accessdate=31 May 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090409233559/http://cpcb.nic.in/contact_pams.php|archivedate=9 April 2009}}</ref> * Ngalaba Nchịkwa Mmetụta -I (PCI-I).<ref>{{Cite web|title=Pollution Control Implementation Division - I|url=http://cpcb.nic.in/contact_pci1.php|publisher=CPCB|accessdate=31 May 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090409233812/http://cpcb.nic.in/contact_pci1.php|archivedate=9 April 2009}}</ref> * Mmetụta Nchịkwa Mmetọ Division-II (PCI-II).<ref>{{Cite web|title=Pollution Control Implementation Division-II|url=http://cpcb.nic.in/contact_pci2.php|publisher=CPCB|accessdate=31 May 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090409233908/http://cpcb.nic.in/contact_pci2.php|archivedate=9 April 2009}}</ref> * Ngalaba Nchịkwa Mmetụta - III (PCI-III).<ref>{{Cite web|title=Pollution Control Implementation Division - III|url=http://cpcb.nic.in/contact_pci3.php|publisher=CPCB|accessdate=31 May 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090409233651/http://cpcb.nic.in/contact_pci3.php|archivedate=9 April 2009}}</ref> * Ngalaba Na-ahụ Maka Mmetụta Obodo (UPCD).<ref>{{Cite web|title=Urban Pollution Control Division|url=http://cpcb.nic.in/contact_upcd.php|publisher=CPCB|accessdate=31 May 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090409233830/http://cpcb.nic.in/contact_upcd.php|archivedate=9 April 2009}}</ref> * Ngalaba Nchịkwa Ihe Ndị Dị Iche Ndụ (HWMD).<ref>{{Cite web|title=Hazardous Waste Management Division|url=http://cpcb.nic.in/contact_hwmd.php|publisher=CPCB|accessdate=31 May 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090409233644/http://cpcb.nic.in/contact_hwmd.php|archivedate=9 April 2009}}</ref> * Teknụzụ ozi.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Information Technology|url=http://cpcb.nic.in/contact_computer.php|publisher=CPCB|accessdate=31 May 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090409233819/http://cpcb.nic.in/contact_computer.php|archivedate=9 April 2009}}</ref> * Ngalaba Ọzụzụ Gbụrụ-gbúrụ Ébé Obibi (ETU).<ref>{{Cite web|title=ETU|url=http://cpcb.nic.in/contact_etu.php|publisher=CPCB|accessdate=31 May 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090409233759/http://cpcb.nic.in/contact_etu.php|archivedate=9 April 2009}}</ref> * Mkpụrụ ndụ iwu.<ref>{{Cite web|title=LEGAL CELL|url=http://cpcb.nic.in/contact_legalcell.php|publisher=CPCB|accessdate=31 May 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090409233534/http://cpcb.nic.in/contact_legalcell.php|archivedate=9 April 2009}}</ref> * Akụkụ nke mbụ.<ref>{{Cite web|title=PR SECTION|url=http://cpcb.nic.in/contact_pr.php|publisher=CPCB|accessdate=31 May 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090409233353/http://cpcb.nic.in/contact_pr.php|archivedate=9 April 2009}}</ref> * Dị ka ihe ndekọ.<ref>{{Cite web|title=AS SECTION|url=http://cpcb.nic.in/contact_as.php|publisher=CPCB|accessdate=31 May 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090619070123/http://cpcb.nic.in/contact_as.php|archivedate=19 June 2009}}</ref> * Nkwupụta iwu.<ref>{{Cite web|title=BUILDING SECTION|url=http://cpcb.nic.in/contact_building.php|publisher=CPCB|accessdate=31 May 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090409233510/http://cpcb.nic.in/contact_building.php|archivedate=9 April 2009}}</ref> * Akwụkwọ nnwere onwe.<ref>{{Cite web|title=LIBRARY|url=http://cpcb.nic.in/contact_library.php|publisher=CPCB|accessdate=31 May 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090409233902/http://cpcb.nic.in/contact_library.php|archivedate=9 April 2009}}</ref> * Nkwupụta nke India.<ref>{{Cite web|title=HINDI SECTION|url=http://cpcb.nic.in/contact_hindi_details.php|publisher=CPCB|accessdate=31 May 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130826105745/http://cpcb.nic.in/contact_hindi_details.php|archivedate=26 August 2013}}</ref> * Nchịkọta (Nchịkọta). * PCI (SSI)<ref>{{Cite web|title=PCI (SSI)|url=http://cpcb.nic.in/contact_pci-ssi.php|publisher=CPCB|accessdate=31 May 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090409233722/http://cpcb.nic.in/contact_pci-ssi.php|archivedate=9 April 2009}}</ref> * Nchịkọta (PERSONNEL). * Ihe omuma. * Akụkọ. == Ọfịs mpaghara == CPCB eguzobewo ụlọ ọrụ mpaghara itoolu na-enye nri na steeti dị íchè íchè. Ọfịs mpaghara bụ ọfịs mpaghara nke CPCB na atụmatụ niile a kwadebere na isi ụlọ ọrụ bụ ha na-eme ya. Ọfịs mpaghara na-eme nyocha n'ọhịa ma zipụ akụkọ gbasara Nlekọta Mmiri, Nlekọta Mmụọ, Nnyocha Ụlọ Ọrụ na ọrụ ndị ọzọ metụtara ya na isi ụlọ ọrụ màkà ime ihe ọzọ. Ọfịs mpaghara ọ bụla na-elekọta ọnụ ọgụgụ a kapịrị ọnụ nké steeti. Ọfịs mpaghara dị na Bengaluru, Kolkata, Shillong, Bhopal, Lucknow, Vadodara, Chandigarh, Pune na Project Office na Agra.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Zonal Offices|url=http://cpcb.nic.in/Zonal_Offices.php|publisher=CPCB|accessdate=31 May 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090409215153/http://cpcb.nic.in/Zonal_Offices.php|archivedate=9 April 2009}}</ref> == Hụkwa == * Nsogbu gburugburu ebe obibi na India * Kansụl India nke Nnyocha na Mmụta Ọhịa * Van Vigyan Kendra (VVK) Ogige Sayensị Ọhịa == Edensibia == {{Reflist|2}} == Njikọ mpụga == * [http://cpcb.nic.in/ Central Pollution Control Board] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20201112032817/http://www.eternalemech.com/cpcb-ii-india-1st-july-details-diesel-generator 2014 Mgbanwe na CPCB2 Generator Law na India] faeqena7huv6zdjfldmq255rmglopcf 0 25705 727508 188268 2026-09-24T04:33:04Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727508 wikitext text/x-wiki '''CALPUFF''' bụ usoro nhazi nke Lagrangian puff dị elu, nke jikọtara ọnụ màkà ihe ngosi nkè mmetọ ikuku nké Atmospheric Studies Group kesara na TRC Solutions.<ref name="Cleanair">{{Cite web|url=http://www.cleanairinfo.com/regionalstatelocalmodelingworkshop/documents/CALPUFF.pdf|title=CALPUFF Status and Update|accessdate=2023-04-24|archivedate=2016-03-05|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305053438/http://www.cleanairinfo.com/regionalstatelocalmodelingworkshop/documents/CALPUFF.pdf}}</ref> Ọ bụ ndị mmepe ihe nlereanya na-elekọta ya ma TRC na-ekesa ya. Ụlọ ọrụ United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) anabatala ihe nlereanya ahụ na ''ntuziaka'' yá nà Air Quality Models dị ka ihe nlereanya kachasị mmá màkà ịtụle njem dị anya nke mmetọ na mmetụta ha na mpaghara Federal Class I na n'ọnọdụ ọ bụla màkà ụfọdụ ngwa ndị dị nso na-emetụta ọnọdụ ihu ígwè dị mgbagwoju anyà.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20030801124915/http://www.epa.gov/scram001/guidance/guide/appw_03.pdf Appendix W] of 40 [[Code of Federal Regulations]] (CFR) Part 51</ref> Usoro ihe nlereanya a jikọtara ọnụ nwèrè isi ihe atọ na usoro mmemme preprocessing na postprocessing. Ihe ndị bụ isi nke usoro ihe nlereanya ahụ bụ CALMET (ihe nchọpụta 3-dimensional meteorological model), CALPUFF (ihe nlereanya mgbasa ikuku), na CALPOST (nchịkọta postprocessing). Nke ọ bụla n'ime mmemme ndị a nwèrè interface onye ọrụ eserese (GUI). Na mgbakwunye na ihe ndị a, enwèrè ọtụtụ nhazi ndị ọzọ enwere ike iji kwadebe data geophysical (iji ala eme ihe na ala) n'ọtụtụ usoro ọkọlọtọ, data ihu ígwè (elu, ikuku elu, mmiri ozuzo, na data buoy), na interface na ụdị ndị ọzọ dịka Penn State / NCAR Mesoscale Model (MM5), National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) Eta model na ụdị RAMS meteorological. E mepụtara ihe nlereanya CALPUFF iji gosipụta mgbasa nke ihe na-efe efe, puff ma ọ bụ isi ihe na-aga n'ihu na ébé mmetọ yá nà mgbasa nke ihe ndị na-efefe, ihe na-adịghị aga n'ihu. Ihe nlereanya ahụ gụnyekwara algọridim màkà ijikwa mmetụta nke downwash site na ụlọ ndị dị nso n'ụzọ nke plumes mmetọ.<ref name="CARB">{{Cite web|url=http://www.ofcm.gov/atd_dir/pdf/calpuff.pdf|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20060806135149/http://www.ofcm.gov/atd_dir/pdf/calpuff.pdf|title=General and Specific Characteristics of the model|archivedate=August 6, 2006}}</ref> == Akụkọ ihe mere eme == Ọ bụ Sigma Research Corporation (SRC) mepụtara ụdị CALPUFF na ngwụcha 1980 n'okpuru nkwekọrịta yana California Air Resources Board (CARB) ma e wepụtara ya na mbụ n'ihe dị ka 1990.<ref name="CARB"/><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.arb.ca.gov/research/apr/past/a025-2a.pdf|title=Model Formulation and Users Guide for the CALPUFF model, May 1990}}</ref> Sigma Research Corporation mechara bụrụ akụkụ nke Earth Tech, Inc. Mgbè US EPA họpụtara CALPUFF dị ka ihe nlereanya kachasị mmá na ''ntuziaka'' ha na Air Quality Models, Earth Tech jere ozi dị ka ónyé nkesa a họpụtara nkè ihe nlereanya ahụ. N'ọnwa Eprel afọ 2006, ónyé nwe ihe nlereanya ahụ gbanwere site na Earth Tech gaa na TRC Environmental Corporation. N'ogè na-adịbeghị anya, e nyefere ónyé nwe ya na Exponent, bụ ndị na-ahụ màkà idebe na ikesa ihe nlereanya ahụ ugbu a (Disemba 2015)<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://src.com/|title=Official CALPUFF Modeling System|work=src.com}}</ref><ref name="Cleanair"/> == Hụkwa == * Okwu gbasara mmetọ ikuku * Nkọwa nke mgbasa ikuku * Ndepụta nke ụdị mgbasa ikuku == Edensibia == {{Reflist|2}} === Ịgụ ihe ọzọ === * {{Cite book|author=Turner, D.B.|title=Workbook of atmospheric dispersion estimates: an introduction to dispersion modeling|edition=2nd|publisher=CRC Press|year=1994|isbn=1-56670-023-X|url=https://archive.org/details/workbookofatmosp0000turn}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20071105075907/http://www.crcpress.com/shopping_cart/products/product_detail.asp?sku=L1023&parent_id=&pc= www.crcpress.com] * {{Cite book|author=Beychok, M.R.|title=[[Fundamentals Of Stack Gas Dispersion]]|edition=4th|publisher=self-published|year=2005|isbn=0-9644588-0-2}} * {{Cite journal|url=http://www.fs.fed.us/pnw/pubs/pnw_gtr379.pdf|title=User Assessment of Smoke-Dispersion Models for Wildland Biomass Burning|first=Steve|author=Breyfogle|date=December 1996|accessdate=2009-02-06}} == Njikọ mpụga == * src.com: [https://web.archive.org/web/20060709204345/http://src.com/calpuff/calpuff1.htm Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ] [https://web.archive.org/web/20060709204345/http://src.com/calpuff/calpuff1.htm '''CALPUFF'''] nke gọọmentị ''ASG na TRC''. * [https://web.archive.org/web/20200121080115/https://www3.epa.gov/scram001/dispersion_prefrec.htm EPA.gov: Ụdị ndị ọkacha mmasị na ndị a tụrụ aro site na US EPA] * Air Dispersion Modeling at Curlie clej14yli9ucxk6p9to3aplcr8u0mcw 0 26339 727553 720711 2026-09-24T07:53:45Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727553 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Chuka Harrison Umunna''' // (na-ege ntị) (/ˈtʃʊkə əˈmuːnə/; amụrụ na'abali iri na asaa nke ọnwa iri n;afọ otu puku, narị iteolu na iri asaa n'asatọ) (17/10/1978) bụ onye ọchụnta ego Britain na onye bụbu onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị jere ozi dị ka onye omeiwu (MP) maka Streatham site n'afọ puku abụọ na iri ruo n'afọ puku abụọ na iri n'iteolu (2010 - 2019). Onye bụbu onye otu Lebọ Patị, ọ bụ akụkụ nke Shadow Kabinet site na afọ puku abụọ, na iri n'otu ruo n'afọ puku abụọ na iri n'se (2011- 2015). Ọ hapụrụ ọrụ n'ime ọnwa abụọ na afọ puku abụọ, na iri n'iteolu (February 2019), mgbe ọ gbara arụkwaghịm iji guzobe otu nwere onwe, mgbe e mesịrị gbanwee UK, ya na ndị omeiwu isii ndị ọzọ. Ka e mesịrị na n'afo puku abụọ n'iteolu (2019), ọ hapụrụ Mgbanwe UK ma, mgbe obere oge dị ka onye omeiwu nwere onwe ya, sonyeere ndị Liberal Democrats. Na ntuli aka nke afọ puku abụọ na iri n'iteolu (2019), o nweghị ike ịga nke ọma n'ịhọpụta ya ọzọ dị ka onye omeiwu ma ọ laghachighị na House of Commons. A mụrụ ya na Lambeth na nna Naijiria na nne Bekee-Irish, Umunna gụrụ akwụkwọ na St Dunstan's College, ụlọ akwụkwọ onwe onye na Catford, Lewisham. Ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ iwu na Mahadum Manchester na Mahadum Nottingham Trent . Onye nọ n'afọ iri na ụma nke Liberal Democrats, ọ sonyeere Lebọ Patị n'afọ otu puku, nar''ị iteolu na iri iteolu n'asaa (''1997) mgbe pati ahụ na-akpọ onwe ya "ọrụ ọhụụ (New Labour)". Ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye ọka iwu na obodo London, nke mbụ maka Herbert Smith na mgbe ahụ maka Rochman Landau, mgbe ọ na-ede edemede maka Kọmpass tink tankị. A họpụtara Umunna dị ka onye omeiwu Lebọ maka Streatham n'afọ puku abụọ na asatọ (2008), a họpụtakwara ya dịka onye omeiwu na ntuli aka nke afọ puku abụọ n'iri (2010). Mgbe ọ nọ na nzuko omeiwu, ọ sonyeere usoro "Blue Lebọ" nke pati ahụ, nke jụrụ akụ na ụba neoliberal. Ọ nọrọ na Kọmitii Nhọrọ nke Akụ ruo n'afọ puku abụọ na iri n'otu (2011), mgbe ọ sonyeere Ed Miliband's Shadow Kabinetị dị ka ode akwukwọ steetị maka azụmahịa, ihe ọhụrụ na nkà. A họpụtara ya ọzọ na ntuli aka afọ puku abụọ na iri n'ise nakwa afọ puku abụọ na iri n'asaa {2015 and 2017). Mgbe Miliband gbara arụkwaghịm, a họpụtara Jeremy Corbyn ka ọ bụrụ onye ndu Ọr<u>ụ</u> n'afọ puku abụọ na iri n'ise (2015); Umunna katọrọ ndị isi otu ahụ ma gbaa arụkwaghịma na Shadow Kabịnetị iji nọrọ dị ka onye na-anọ n'azụ. Onye na-akwado mkpọsa ntuli aka na-enweghị isi na afọ puku abụọ na iri n'isii (2016) iji jigide ndị otu UK nke European Union, Ummuna mere mkpọsa maka ntuli aka maka nkwekọrịta ikpeazụ ya na EU. N'ọnwa abụọ n'afọ puku abụọ n'iteolu (February 2019), ọ gbara arụkwaghịm na Ọru wee sonye na Otu Ṅwèrè Onwe, mgbe e mesịrị Mgbànwè UK. Ọ bụ ọnụ na-ekwuchitere otu ya mana ọ hapụrụ na ọnwa isii n'afọ puku abụọ n'iteolu (June 2019) ka ọ nọrọ dị ka onye omeiwu nwere onwe ya na-esote "ihe na-akụda mmụọ" na ntuli aka nke European Parliamentị na-egosi na pati ahụ "emezughị inweta otu onye omeiwu a họpụtara". Otu izu mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, Umunna sonyeere ndị Liberal Democrats ma bụrụ onye isi Vince Cable họpụtara dị ka onye na-ekwuchitere Àku na Azụmahịa. N'ọnwa asatọ n'afọ puku abụọ na iri n'iteolu (august 2019), onye ndu ọhụrụ bụ Jo Swinson họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ ọnụ na-ekwuchitere ihe gbasara mba ofesi, mmepe mba ụwa na azụmahịa mba ụwa. Ọ guzoro maka obodo London na Westminster na ntuli aka afọ puku abụọ na iri n'iteolu (2019) mana Nickie Aiken nke Conservatives meriri ya. N'afọ puku abụọ na iri abụọ n'otu (2021), ọ ghọrọ onye na-etinye ego na JPMorgan Chase, dị ka onye isi nchịkwa nke otu ndụmọdụ ya na London. == Mbido ndụ na ọrụ == A mụrụ Umunna na Lambeth, London na abali iri n'asaa n'ime ọnwa iri n'afọ otu puku, narị iteolu na iri asaa n'asatọ (17/10/1978).<ref>{{Cite web|date=14 October 2019|title=Chuka Umunna: Why Labour's former star politician wants a City seat for the Lib Dems|url=https://www.cityam.com/chuka-umunna-why-labours-former-star-politician-wants-a-city-seat-for-the-lib-dems/|accessdate=28 June 2020|work=[[City A.M.]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Chuka Umunna|url=http://www.politics.co.uk/reference/chuka-umunna|accessdate=16 October 2018|work=politics.co.uk}}</ref> Nna ya, Bennett, nke [[Ndị Ìgbò|agbụrụ Igbo]] nke Naijiria na onye nwe azụmahịa mbubata na mbupụ, nwụrụ n'ihe mberede okporo ụzọ na Naijiria n'afọ otu puku, narị iteolu na iri iteolu n'abụọ (1992).<ref name="ft2013" /><ref name="CroydonGuardian">{{Cite news|url=http://www.croydonguardian.co.uk/news/9849008.Friends_fear_Crystal_Palace_director_was_assassinated/?ref=rss|title=Friends fear Crystal Palace director was assassinated|author=Bloss|first=Andrew|date=3 August 2012|work=Croydon Guardian|accessdate=2 October 2012}}</ref> Nne ya, Patricia Milmo, onye ọka iwu, bụ onye Bekee-Irish.<ref name="ft2013">{{Cite news|author=Parker|first=George|url=http://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/2/b2e9e3a6-ef46-11e2-bb27-00144feabdc0.html|title=Chuka Umunna: Profile|work=[[Financial Times]]|date=19 July 2013|accessdate=14 May 2015}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|author=Rose Troup Buchanan|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/could-chuka-umunna-be-the-next-labour-leader-10238314.html|title=Chuka Umunna: Could Shadow Business Secretary be the next Labour leader?|work=[[The Independent]]|date=9 May 2015|accessdate=14 May 2015}}</ref> Nne nne ya bụ Joan Frances Morley, Lady Milmo na Sir Helenus Milmo QC, onye ọka ikpe nke Ụlọikpe Kasị Elu.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/politics/labour/11610529/The-tragic-past-haunting-Chuka-Umunna.html|title=The tragic past haunting Chuka Umunna|work=www.telegraph.co.uk}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.tatler.com/article/top-labour-toffs|title=Top Labour toffs|date=14 January 2015}}</ref> Umunna gụrụ akwụkwọ na Hitherfield akwukwọ Nke mbu na Streatham, Ndida London, na Christ Church Praịmarị skuul dị na Brixton Hill. Ọ na-ekwu na ndị mụrụ ya chere na ụlọ akwụkwọ steeti dị n'ógbè ahụ "mere ka ọ "gbuo" ma n'ihi ya kwagara ya n'ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị nke ụmụ nwoke St Dunstan's College, na Catford na ndịda ọwụwa anyanwụ London, ebe ọ na-akpọ cello.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.standard.co.uk/news/who-can-lead-labour-chuka-umunna-can-6555803.html|work=[[London Evening Standard]].|title=Who can lead Labour? Chuka Umunna can|date=14 January 2011|accessdate=19 May 2014}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.ft.com/cms/s/2/b2e9e3a6-ef46-11e2-bb27-00144feabdc0.html|work=The Financial Times (FT Magazine)|title=Chuka Umunna: Profile|date=19 July 2013|accessdate=19 May 2014}}</ref> N'oge a, ọ bụkwa onye na-agụ egwú na Southwark Cathedral.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.sky.com/story/991633/chuka-umunna-coy-about-leadership-ambitions|title=Chuka Umunna Coy About Leadership Ambitions|publisher=Sky News|date=1 October 2012}}</ref> Dị ka onye nọ n'afọ iri na ụma, ọ bụ onye otu Liberal Democrats.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.politicshome.com/news/uk/political-parties/liberal-democrats/news/106502/excl-chuka-umunna-i-was-teenage-member|title=EXCL Chuka Umunna: I was a teenage member of the Liberal Democrats|author=Schofield|first=Kevin|work=PoliticsHome|accessdate=15 September 2019|date=13 September 2019}}</ref> E nyere ya nzere bachelọ nke abụọ na English na French Law site na Mahadum Manchester. Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ, ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ maka otu oge na Mahadum Burgundy na Dijon, tupu ọ gụọ maka Master of Arts na ụlọ akwụkwọ iwu nke Mahadum Nottingham Trent.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.nottinghampost.com/nottingham-trent-alumnus-chuka-umunna-announces/story-26488487-detail/story.html|title=Nottingham Trent alumnus Chuka Umunna announces he will run for Labour leadership|first=Ellie|author=Cullen|work=Nottingham Post|date=12 May 2015|accessdate=27 March 2017}}</ref> Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na mahadum, n'afọ puku abụọ n'ise (2005), Umunna malitere ịrụ ọrụ dị ka onye ọka iwu maka ụlọ ọrụ Herbert Smith nke Obodo London. N'afọ puku abụọ na isii (2006), ọ sonyeere Rochman Landau (nke bụzi Ashfords LLP), na-ahụ maka iwu ọrụ na inye ụlọ ọrụ ndụmọdụ na esemokwu azụmahịa na ndụmọdụ.<ref name="edelman-20200708">{{Cite web|url=https://www.edelman.co.uk/news-awards/chuka-umunna-joins-edelman-lead-esg-consultancy-offer|title=Chuka Umunna Joins Edelman to Lead Esg Consultancy Offer|work=Edelman UK|date=8 July 2020|accessdate=30 December 2020}}</ref> Site na afọ puku abụọ n'isii (2006), ọ malitere ide ma nye nkọwa banyere Lebọ Patị, yana nsogbu mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya na akụ na ụba, na-abụkarị na ikike ya dị ka onye otu Kọmitii Nchịkwa nke otu nrụgide Compass nke Lebọ-kwadoro. O dekwara edemede maka Ègò Ugbòrò, Tribune, Nkè Olù, ''Nkè Onye Nchè'' na Ndị Ochịchị Ọhụụ, wee malite ịpụta na mmemme redio na igwe onyonyo dị iche iche dị ka ''onye'' na-akọwa ihe.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Umunna|first=Chuka|url=http://www.newstatesman.com/200708300012|title=The duty to inspire|work=New Statesman|date=30 August 2007}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|author=Umunna|first=Chuka|url=http://www.ft.com/cms/s/2/a832e19a-4185-11db-b4ab-0000779e2340.html|title=Ask the expert: Diversity in the City|work=Financial Times|date=11 September 2006}}</ref> O guzobere ma dezie magazin ''ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị'' n'ịntanetị, The Multicultural Politic .<ref name="TMP">{{Cite web|url=http://www.tmponline.org/2007/04/15/tmp-is-born/|title=TMP is born|author=Umunna|first=Chuka|date=15 April 2007|work=The Multicultural Politic|accessdate=20 July 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160808213613/http://www.tmponline.org/2007/04/15/tmp-is-born/|archivedate=8 August 2016}}</ref> N'afọ puku abụọ na asaa (2007), o mere mkpọsa iji kwado mgbalị Jon Cruddas na-enweghị isi ịghọ osote onye isi Labọ. == Ọrụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị == === Ọrụ ndị omeiwu mbụ === [[Usòrò:Chuka_at_Lambeth_College-2.JPG|áká_ikenga|thumb|Umunna na 2009]] N'ime ọnwa atọ, afọ puku abụọ n'asato (Machi 2008), a nabatara Umunna dị ka onye ga-abụ onye omeiwu nke Lebọ Patị maka Streatham.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.streathamguardian.co.uk/news/2126509.Chuka_wins_race_to_become_Labour_s_Streatham_MP_candidate/|title=Chuka wins race to become Labour's Streatham MP candidate|first=Cara|author=Lee|work=Streatham Guardian|date=17 March 2008|accessdate=27 March 2015|archive-date=25 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151125193257/http://www.streathamguardian.co.uk/news/2126509.Chuka_wins_race_to_become_Labour_s_Streatham_MP_candidate/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Na ntuli aka nke afọ puku abụọ n'iri (2010), a họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ onye omeiwu (MP) maka Streatham na ọnụ ọgụgụ ka ukwuu nke onu ogugu puku atọ, narị abụọ na iri ise n'iteolu (3,259); o kwuru okwu mbụ ya na abalị abụọ nime ọnwa isii n'afọ puku abụọ n'iri (2 June 2010).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/constituency/1345/streatham|title=Streatham|work=The Guardian}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=Department of the Official Report (Hansard), House of Commons, Westminster|url=https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm201011/cmhansrd/cm100602/debtext/100602-0015.htm|title=House of Commons Hansard Debates for 02 Jun 2010 (pt 0015)|publisher=Parliament of the United Kingdom|date=2 June 2010|accessdate=16 August 2013}}</ref> O nwere mmasị pụrụ iche na iwu akụ na ụba na mgbanwe nke obodo ahụ. Umunna kọwara onwe ya dị ka "Otu Mba Ọrụ" ma dee edemede na-akwalite "Blue Lebọ".<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.chuka.org.uk/2011/05/one-nation-labour/|title=Chuka Umunna MP " One Nation Labour|publisher=Chuka.org.uk|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130103070516/http://www.chuka.org.uk/2011/05/one-nation-labour/|archivedate=3 January 2013|accessdate=7 April 2013}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.leftfootforward.org/2011/05/chuka-umunna-my-vision-for-one-nation-labour/|title=Chuka Umunna: My vision for One Nation Labour|date=12 May 2011|work=[[Left Foot Forward]]|accessdate=7 April 2013}}</ref> O kwuru na gọọmentị jikọrọ aka nke Mmekọrita Kọnzavetiv- leed kwesịrị ịtụle usoro ihe omume ya nke nkwekọrịta ego, were nguzo siri ike na ụlọ ọrụ ụlọ akụ Britain ma mee ihe iji gbanwee ahịa ụlọ ọrụ nyocha ego.<ref>{{Cite web|first=Chuka|author=Umunna|url=http://www.newstatesman.com/blogs/the-staggers/2010/10/osborne-plan-deficit-spending|title=The man's not for turning|work=New Statesman|date=25 October 2010|accessdate=12 May 2014}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.theyworkforyou.com/debates/?id=2010-11-16a.729.2|title=Credit Rating Agencies: 16 Nov 2010: House of Commons debates|publisher=TheyWorkForYou|date=7 December 2009|accessdate=16 August 2013}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.theyworkforyou.com/debates/?id=2010-11-08a.73.0&s=section%3Adebates+section%3Awhall+section%3Alords+section%3Ani+speaker%3A24950#g83.0|title=New Clause 3 – Bank taxation: 8 Nov 2010: House of Commons debates|publisher=[[TheyWorkForYou]]|accessdate=16 August 2013}}</ref> Umunna bụ otu n'ime ndị omeiwu iri isii n'atọ (63) nke Lebọ họpụtara Ed Miliband na ntuli aka ndị isi Lebọ nke afọ puku abụọ na iri (2010) iji nọchie Gordon Brown dị ka onye isi otu.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www2.labour.org.uk/leadership-candidates/2/Ed_Miliband|title=Ed Miliband: Nominations|publisher=labour.co.uk|accessdate=24 May 2010|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100527091414/http://www2.labour.org.uk/leadership-candidates/2/Ed_Miliband|archivedate=27 May 2010}}</ref> Na ọnwa isii nke afọ puku abụọ n'iri (6/2010), a họpụtara Umunna dị ka onye otu Treasury Select Committee.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.parliament.uk/business/committees/committees-a-z/commons-select/treasury-committee/membership/|title=Treasury Committee – membership – UK Parliament|publisher=Parliament of the United Kingdom|date=9 June 2010|accessdate=16 August 2013}}</ref> N'ọnwa mbu, afọ puku abụọ na iri n'otu (1/2011), ọ jụrụ onye isi ụlọ ọrụ Barclays, Bob Diamond, ajụjụ n'ihe gbasara ọrụ ezere ụtụ isi nke ụlọ akụ ahụ kwuru na ụlọ akụ ahụ jiri ihe karịrị ụlọ ọrụ enyemaka onu ọgụgụ narị atọ (300) mee ihe na ikike ndị dị n'èzí.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/personalfinance/offshorefinance/8263845/Labour-MP-urges-Barclays-chief-to-reduce-offshore-subsidaries.html|work=The Daily Telegraph|first=Sean|author=O'Hare|title=Labour MP urges Barclay's chief to reduce offshore subsidiaries|date=17 January 2011|archive-date=2 May 2019|access-date=13 May 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190502003705/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/personalfinance/expat-money/8263845/Labour-MP-urges-Barclays-chief-to-reduce-offshore-subsidaries.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> N'ịzaghachi ajụjụ ya, Diamond kwuru na ọnwa abụọ n'afọ puku abụọ na iri n'otu (2/2011) na Barclays kwụrụ na ha akwughachiwo onu ego otu nde narị na iri n'atọ nke ego pounds (£ 113) na ụtụ isi ụlọ ọrụ UK n'afọ puku abụọ n'iteolu (2009), agbanyeghi inwete ijeri iri n'otu, na nari iri isii nke onu ego pound (£ 11.6bn) na uru.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/business/2011/feb/18/barclays-bank-113m-corporation-tax|work=The Guardian|first=Jill|author=Treannor|title=Barclays bank forced to admit it paid just £113m in corporation tax in 2009|date=18 February 2011}}</ref> Umunna nọ n'ọkwa a na Kọmitii Nhọrọ ruo mgbe a họpụtara ya dị ka Minista Nchịkọta maka Obere Azụmaahịa na Azụmalite. === Kọmitii onyinyo === N'ọnwa iri n;afọ puku abụọ n'iri, (10 Ọktoba 2010), mgbe a họpụtara Miliband dị ka onye isi otu, a họpụtara Umunna ka ọ bụrụ odeakwụkwọ onwe onye nke ndị omeiwu ya, na ọnwa ise n'afọ puku abụọ na iri n'otu (Mee 2011), a họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ Minista na-ahụ maka obere azụmaahịa na ụlọ ọrụ ruo mgbe o nwetere nkwalite ya nke shadò kabinet .<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.standard.co.uk/hustingsevent/|title=The London Hustings|work=London Evening Standard|date=April 2015}}</ref> A kwalitere Umunna dị ka odeakwụkwọ azụmaahịa Shadow na abalị asaa, n'me ọnwa iri, n'afọ puku abụọ na iri n'otu (7 Ọktoba 2011), na-anọchi John Denham, onye kwupụtara ezumike nká ya na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị n'ihu.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-15212234|work=BBC News|title=Ed Miliband promotes fresh faces to Labour top team|date=7 October 2011}}</ref> Mgbe a họpụtara ya, Umunna kwupụtaghachiri mkpebi nke Lebọ iwebata ụtụ isi maka ndị gụsịrị akwụkwọ n'ọnọdụ ụgwọ agụmakwụkwọ mahadum. N'ọnwa mbu n'afọ puku abụọ, na iri n'abụọ (Jenụwarị 2012), Umunna sonyeere Ed Miliband na onye isi ode akwukwo na Akụ nke Shadò Rachel Reeves na-akpọ PM David Cameron ka ọ gbochie ego-ego onụ ego otu nde na narị isi nke ego pound (£ 1.6m) maka Stephen Hester, onye isi ọrụ nke Royal Bank of Scotland Group.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2012/jan/23/miliband-hester-1-6m-rbs-bonus?newsfeed=true|work=[[The Guardian]]|first=Rajeev|author=Syal|title=Ed Miliband calls for Stephen Hester to be denied a reported £1.6m RBS bonus|date=23 January 2012|accessdate=13 September 2020}}</ref> N'afọ puku abụọ na iri n'atọ (2013), Umunna duziri nkwupụta na ọnụ ahịa gọọmentị nke Royal Mail n'oge nkeonwe ya "gbanwere" onye na-atụ ụtụ isi, echiche a kwadoro site na ịrị elu dị ịrị elu na ọnụahịa òkè na-esote ire ya na ịkpọ ndị ụlọ akụ maka nyocha ndị omeiwu.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.itv.com/news/update/2013-10-07/umunna-taxpayer-shortchanged-by-royal-mail-sale/|title=Umunna: Taxpayer 'shortchanged' by Royal Mail sale|work=ITV News|date=7 October 2013|accessdate=12 May 2014}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2013/nov/08/mps-bankers-valuations-royal-mail-sale-taxpayers|work=[[The Guardian]]|title=MPs summon bankers to explain their valuations of Royal Mail|date=8 November 2012|accessdate=13 September 2020}}</ref> Onye otu Lebọ Enyi nke Isrelu, ya na Liam Byrne mere nleta gọọmentị na Isrelu n'ọnwa iri n'afọ puku abụọ na iri n'abụọ (Ọktoba 2012) dị ka akụkụ nke otu LFI's UK-Isrelu Economic Dialogue group.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Dysch|first=Marcus|title=Conservative and Labour MPs take part in new Israel missions|url=https://www.thejc.com/news/uk-news/conservative-and-labour-mps-take-part-in-new-israel-missions-1.36942|work=[[The Jewish Chronicle]]|date=11 October 2012|accessdate=13 September 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|author=Bright|first=Martin|date=20 September 2012|accessdate=13 September 2020|title=Friends groups head to Israel|url=https://www.thejc.com/news/uk-news/friends-groups-head-to-israel-1.36336|work=[[The Jewish Chronicle]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=LFI Supporters in Parliament|url=https://www.lfi.org.uk/in-parliament/|accessdate=8 September 2019|work=Labour Friends of Israel}}</ref> Mgbe ọ bụ onye otu LFI, ọ katọrọ ụlọ ikpe ndị agha Isrelu maka mmeso ha na-emeso ụmụaka Palestine a na-ebo ebubo mpụ agha na ọnwa iri n'abụọ, n'afọ puku abụọ n'atọ (Disemba 2013).<ref>{{Cite web|date=4 December 2013|title=Chuka Umunna addresses LFPME reception about Caabu/LFPME visit|url=https://www.caabu.org/news/news/chuka-umunna-mp-addresses-lfpme-reception-about-caabulfpme-visit|accessdate=4 October 2019|work=Caabu.org|language=en}}</ref> N'ọnwa anọ, n'afọ puku abụọ n'iri n'atọ (Eprel 2013), e jikọtara ụlọ ọrụ ndị ọka iwu nke Umunna na mmelite dị mma e mere na ibe Wikipedia ya n'afọ puku abụọ n'asaa (2007), nke gụnyere ntinye aka n'iji ya maa atụ a na-akpọ ya "Barack Obama nke Britain".<ref>{{Cite news|author=Kember|first=Billy|url=http://www.thetimes.co.uk/tto/news/politics/article3737364.ece|title=Flattering 'British Obama' edit on Wikipedia raises questions for MP Chuka Umunna|work=[[The Times]] (London)|date=12 April 2013|accessdate=12 April 2013}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|author=Hope|first=Christopher|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/wikipedia/9977305/Labour-star-Chuka-Umunna-admits-his-aides-probably-set-up-and-edited-his-own-Wikipedia-page.html|title=Labour star Chuka Umunna admits his aides probably set up and edited his own Wikipedia page|work=[[The Daily Telegraph]]|date=7 April 2013|accessdate=8 April 2013}}</ref> N'otu ọnwa ahụ, a katọrọ Umunna maka ihe o kwuru n'etiti afọ iri abụọ (20) ya na netwọk mmekọrịta ASmallWorld banyere West End nke London. Onye omeiwu Kọnzavetivu Chris Heaton-Harris kwuru na nkwupụta nke afọ puku abụọ n'isii (2006), na-akọwa ndị na-eleta ụlọ oriri na ọṅụṅụ abalị na West End dị ka "ihe mkpofu" na "ndị na-achọ ndepụta c", gosipụtara "enweghị nkwanye ùgwù maka ọha na eze"; Umunna kwuru na nkwukọrịta ahụ bụ "obi dị mfe na ụda na gburugburu" mana ọ nwere ekele na "nhọrọ nke okwu eji eme ihe ekwesịghị ekwesị" ma rịọ mgbaghara maka mmejọ ọ bụla.<ref name="independent1">{{Cite news|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/labour-mp-chuka-umunna-apologises-for-comments-on-elite-social-network-saying-londons-nightclubs-are-full-of-trash-8561809.html|title=Labour MP Chuka Umunna apologises for comments on elite social network saying London's nightclubs are 'full of trash'|work=The Independent|date=5 April 2013}}</ref> E boro Umunna ebubo ihu abụọ maka ịnakwere onyinye onu ego puku iri abụọ (£ 20,000) nke onu ego pound site n'aka onye isi ịgba chaa chaa n'agbanyeghị mkpọsa megide mgbasa nke ụlọ ahịa ịgba chaa chaa na mpaghara ya ma kwe nkwa ike ọhụrụ iji belata ha.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/rising-star-of-labour-and-betting-shop-critic-chuka-umunna-faces-embarrassment-after-accepting-20000-gift-from-gambling-executive-8748755.html|title=Rising star of Labour and betting shop critic Chuka Umunna faces embarrassment after accepting £20,000 gift from gambling executive|work=The Independent|date=6 August 2013|accessdate=6 August 2013|first=Nigel|author=Morris}}</ref> [[Usòrò:Chuka_Umunna_2012.jpg|thumb|Umunna na-ajụ ajụjụ gbasara Iwu Ọrụ, n'ihe dị ka afọ puku abụọ na iri n'abụọ (2012)]] Na mbido ọnwa ise n'afọ puku abụọ na iri n'anọ (Mee 2014), Umunna welitere nchegbu na Nzukọ Ndị Omeiwu na ọha na eze banyere atụmatụ iweghara AstraZeneca, site n'aka nnukwu ụlọ ọrụ ọgwụ America Pfizer, n'ihi na ọ ga-ahụ na ọrụ na ọdịmma ndị Britain.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm201314/cmhansrd/cm140506/debtext/140506-0001.htm#140506-0001.htm_spnew|title=House of Commons Hansard Debates for 06 May 2014 (pt 0001)|publisher=Parliament of the United Kingdom|accessdate=10 May 2015}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://business-reporter.co.uk/2014/05/chuka-umunna-grave-concern-over-potential-astrazeneca-deal/|title=Chuka Umunna: "Grave concern" over potential AstraZeneca deal|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140714232728/http://business-reporter.co.uk/2014/05/chuka-umunna-grave-concern-over-potential-astrazeneca-deal/|archivedate=14 July 2014}}</ref> N'agbanyeghị mmesi obi ike sitere n'aka Pfizer, Umunna gara n'ihu na-akatọ n'ihu ọha atụmatụ iweghara ya na-ekwupụta na mmesi obi obi ike Pfizer "abaghị uru akwụkwọ ha dere".<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.itv.com/news/update/2014-05-10/pfizer-assurances-not-worth-paper-theyre-written-on/|title=Pfizer assurances 'not worth paper they're written on'|work=[[ITV News]]|date=10 May 2014|accessdate=8 May 2015}}</ref> Mgbalị nnweta ahụ mechara daa na ngwụcha ọnwa ise n'afọ puku abụọ n'anọ (Mee 2014) mgbe ụlọ ọrụ AstraZeneca jụrụ onyinye ikpeazụ nke Pfizer.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.itv.com/news/story/2014-05-02/us-drug-giant-to-offer-63bn-for-britains-astrazeneca/|title=Pfizer admits defeat on AstraZeneca bid|work=[[ITV News]]|date=26 May 2014|accessdate=20 January 2019}}</ref> N'ọnwa ise n'afọ puku abụọ na iri n'anọ (Mee 2014), Umunna katọrọ akụkọ onye ode akwụkwọ ahụike ibe ya bụ Andy Burnham banyere ụzọ ndị nwere ike isi gbochie ire na mgbasa ozi nke mmanya, nri na-adịghị mma, na ụtaba. E hotara ya ka o kwuru na usoro omume dị otú ahụ dị ka akọwapụtara na akụkọ ahụ ga-ahụ dị ka "ndị na-emegide azụmaahịa na ndị na-etinye aka".<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/politics/labour/10807198/Labour-plans-for-a-crackdown-on-drinking-smoking-and-unhealthy-food.html|work=The Daily Telegraph|first=Miranda|author=Prynne|title=Labour plans for a crackdown on drinking, smoking and unhealthy food|date=4 May 2014}}</ref> Umunna arụrịta ụka maka steeti gọọmentị etiti nke Britain ọtụtụ oge, ma kwuo na ndị na-aga n'ihu ekwesịghị ịhapụ echiche George Osborne nke "Nọtan Pawahaụsụ", na-arụ ụka na nkwenye ka ukwuu, njikọta nke UK Lebọ Pat<nowiki><i>ị</i></nowiki> n'ime ndị otu Lebọ nke na-anọchite anya mba ọ bụla nke UK, nnwere onwe ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ka ukwuu maka England karịsịa, ikike mpaghara ndị ọzọ na "ọgbụgba gọọmentị" dị mkpa iji kwalite Lebọ Patị.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Mason|first=Rowena|title=Chuka Umunna warns Labour not to dismiss Osborne's northern powerhouse|url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2015/oct/27/chuka-umunna-warns-labour-not-dismiss-george-osborne-northern-powerhouse|accessdate=8 January 2016|work=[[The Guardian]]|date=17 October 2015}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|author=Brown|first=Graeme|title=Chuka Umunna calls for regional mayors in 'more federal' UK|url=http://www.birminghampost.co.uk/news/regional-affairs/chuka-umunna-calls-regional-mayors-8019356|accessdate=8 January 2016|work=[[The Birmingham Post]]|date=30 October 2014}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|author=Bennett|first=Owen|title=Chuka Umunna To Call for an English Parliament As He Urges Labour To Modernise|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/2015/07/21/english-parliament-chuka-umunna-labour_n_7843192.html|accessdate=8 January 2016|work=[[HuffPost]]|date=22 July 2015}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|author=Umunna|first=Chuka|title=Britain needs wholesale federalisation – and Labour must lead the way|url=https://gu.com/p/4dk5t/stw|accessdate=8 January 2016|work=[[The Guardian]]|date=27 October 2015}}</ref> === Nhọrọ ndị ndu na mwepụ === Umunna mụbara ihe ka ọtụtụ ya ruo onu ọgụgụ puku iri n'atọ, nari iteolu na iri atọ n'anọ (13,934) na ntuli aka nke afọ puku abụọ na iri n'ise (2015), na 53% nke ntuli aka na mpaghara ya.<ref name="Streatham">{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/politics/constituencies/E14000978/|title=Streatham Parliamentary Constituency|publisher=BBC|accessdate=15 May 2015}}</ref> Mgbe e meriri Lebọ na ntuli aka na arụkwaghịm nke Ed Miliband dị ka onye ndú, a chọpụtara Umunna dị ka otu n'ime ndị nwere ike ịghọ onye ndú nke pati ahụ.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Ganesh|first=Janan|title=Cameron can savour campaign success|url=http://www.ft.com/cms/s/2/4966f062-f56c-11e4-8c83-00144feab7de.html|accessdate=8 May 2015|work=Financial Times|date=8 May 2015}}</ref> Ọ kpọrọ ndị ọrụ aka ka ha lekwasị anya na ndị Kọnzavetiv na "ndị na-achọsi ike, ndị na-eme ntụli aka n'etiti", na-ekwu na pati ahụ kwesịrị "n'akụkụ ndị na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma".<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.newstatesman.com/politics/2015/05/chuka-umunna-calls-labour-target-conservatives-and-aspirational-middle-class-voters|first=Anoosh|author=Chakelian|title=Chuka Umunna calls for Labour to target Conservative and "aspirational, middle-class voters"|work=New Statesman|date=9 May 2015|accessdate=14 May 2015}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.itv.com/news/update/2015-05-10/umunna-we-failed-to-speak-to-the-aspirational-middle-class/|title=Umunna: We failed to speak to 'aspirational middle-class'|work=ITV News|date=10 May 2015|accessdate=14 May 2015}}</ref> N'abalị iri na abụọ n'ọnwa Mee, ọ kwupụtara na ọ ga-azọ ọkwa onye isi otu Lebọ Patị.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Chuka Umunna to run for Labour leader|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-32706038|accessdate=12 May 2015|work=BBC News|date=12 May 2015}}</ref> Ụbọchị atọ ka e mesịrị, ọ hapụrụ asọmpi ahụ, na-ekwu na ọ "na-enwe obi erughị ya" na "nchọpụta nyocha agbakwunyere nke bịara na ịbụ onye ndu".<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-32748106|title=Chuka Umunna withdraws Labour leader bid|publisher=BBC|date=15 May 2015|accessdate=15 May 2015}}</ref> N'abalị iri abụọ na isii n'ọnwa Mee, ọ kwupụtara nkwado ya maka Liz Kendall, onye na-enweghị ihe ịga nke ọma na mgbalị ya maka idu ndú Lebọ.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.newstatesman.com/politics/2015/05/why-we-are-endorsing-liz-kendall-labour-leadership|title=Why we are endorsing Liz Kendall for the Labour leadership|author=Umunna|first=Chuka|work=New Statesman|date=26 May 2015|accessdate=2 September 2015}}</ref> === Laghachi n'azụ oche === Na ọnwa iteolu, n'afọ puku abụọ na iri n'ise (Septemba 2015), mgbe nhọpụta Jeremy Corbyn dị ka onye ndú nke Lebọ Patị, Umunna kwupụtara arụkwaghịm ya na Shadò Cabinet wee laghachi n'azụ oche, na-ekwu maka esemokwu banyere ntuli aka Brexit na nsogbu nke ọrụ ndị minista.<ref name="twitlonger.com">{{Cite web|url=http://www.twitlonger.com/show/n_1snes8j|title=Statement by Chuka Umunna MP on leaving the Shadow Cabinet by mutual agreement|date=13 September 2015|accessdate=13 September 2015}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|author=Clarke-Billings|first=Lucy|title=Chuka Umunna steps down from Jeremy Corbyn shadow cabinet after 'mutual agreement'|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/politics/Jeremy_Corbyn/11862503/Chuka-Umunna-resigns-from-Jeremy-Corbyn-shadow-cabinet-after-mutual-agreement.html|work=[[The Daily Telegraph]]|date=13 September 2015|accessdate=9 January 2016}}</ref> Umunna kwadoro "Nọgide" na ntuli aka Brexit.<ref>{{Cite news|accessdate=24 March 2018|title=Inside the Secret Plot to Reverse Brexit|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/features/2018-03-23/inside-the-secret-plot-to-reverse-brexit|work=Bloomberg.com|date=23 March 2018}}</ref> Mpaghara ya nwere ọnụ ọgụgụ kachasị elu nke ntuli aka ka ọ dịgide, na 79.5%. N'ịgbaso mmeri maka mkpọsa ezumike, Umunna tụrụ aro ka e mezigharịa iwu ahụ iji mee ka Akụkụ nke iri ise (50) na-akpọ gọọmentị ka ha nyochaa mmefu onu ego nari atọ na iri ise nke ego pound (£ 350) kwa izu na NHS, nke gọọmentị meriri.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Cowburn|first=Ashley|title=Brexiteers condemned for not backing £350m NHS amendment to EU withdrawal bill|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/brexiteers-condemned-for-not-backing-350m-nhs-amendment-to-eu-withdrawal-bill-a7570336.html|accessdate=8 August 2017|work=The Independent|date=8 February 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=Brexit vote: Theresa May wins Commons approval to trigger Article 50 as Labour's Clive Lewis resigns|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2017/02/08/brexit-debate-vote-live-theresa-may-pmqs/|author=Hughes, Laura|accessdate=9 June 2019|work=[[The Daily Telegraph]]|date=9 February 2017}}</ref> O mechara ntuli aka maka iwu a na-agbanwebeghị iji hapụ EU, na-edegara West Streeting na "dị ka ndị na-akwado ọchịchị onye kwuo uche ya, anyị ga-agbaso nsonaazụ mba".<ref>{{Cite news|title=Chuka Umunna and Wes Streeting: Why we Labour Remainers voted to trigger Article 50|work=i|url=https://inews.co.uk/opinion/chuka-umunna-wes-streeting-labour-remainers-will-vote-trigger-article-50/|accessdate=8 August 2017|date=1 February 2017}}</ref> Na mkpọsa ntuli aka nke afọ puku abụọ na iri na asaa (2017), Umunna megidere ntuli aka abụọ gbasara Brexit.<ref name="newstatesman-20170531">{{Cite news|author=Eaton|first=George|url=https://www.newstatesman.com/politics/june2017/2017/05/chuka-umunna-only-test-labour-getting-more-seats-conservatives|title=Chuka Umunna: "The only test for Labour is getting more seats than the Conservatives"|date=31 May 2017|work=New Statesman|accessdate=15 February 2019}}</ref> Mgbe a họpụtara ya ọzọ na ntuli aka nke afọ puku abụọ na iri n'asaa (2017), Umunna tụrụ aro ka e mee mgbanwe nnupụisi na Okwu Eze Nwanyị na-akpọ gọọmentị ka ọ "kwụsị ịpụ na EU n'enweghị nkwekọrịta" ma "na-ewepụta atụmatụ ka ha nọrọ n'ime Òtù Cọstọm na Otu Ahịa (Single Market)".<ref>{{Cite news|author=Stone|first=Jon|title=Labour split over Brexit as MPs back rebel amendment|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/brexit-labour-vote-split-position-chuka-umunna-amendment-live-commons-vote-parliament-a7815271.html|accessdate=8 August 2017|work=The Independent|date=29 June 2017}}</ref> A chụpụrụ ndị isi oche atọ nke Lebọ maka ịkwado mgbanwe ahụ e meriri, nke ndị isi Lebọ kwuru na ọ na-emegide mkpebi ha iji kwụsị nnwere onwe ịgagharị.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Jeremy Corbyn sacks three frontbenchers over single market vote|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-40451301|accessdate=8 August 2017|work=BBC News|date=30 June 2017}}</ref> N'abalị iri na ise nke ọnwa anọ, n'afọ puku abụọ na iri n'asatọ (Eprel 2018), Umunna gara mmemme mmalite nke ntuli aka Otutu Mmadu (Pịpul's Vootu), otu mkpọsa na-akpọ oku maka ntuli aka ọha na eze na nkwekọrịta Brexit ikpeazụ n'etiti UK na European Union.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Brexit: 'People's Vote' campaign group launched|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-43774200|work=[[BBC News]]|date=15 April 2018|accessdate=17 April 2018}}</ref> Umunna kwadoro ntuli aka nke abụọ na Brexit. Umunna dere na mkpọsa ịhapụ EU ghaara ụgha n'oge mkpọsa ahụ ma mebie iwu na-emefu ego karịa ka enyere ikike. Umunna ekwuola na ndị Britain maara eziokwu ugbu a ma kwesị ikwu okwu nke abụọ ma UK ọ ga-ahapụ European Union. N'ọnwa asaa n'afọ puku abụọ na iri n'asatọ (Julaị 2018), Umunna dere, "Ọ bụrụ na atụmatụ ndị PM na-agbaso na-adị ka ihe a na-anabataghị n'ọtụtụ ndị na-eme ntụli aka, nke ahụ na-ekwu ihe. Ndị mmadụ tuliri aka ịhapụ ma nọrọ n'ihi ihe dị iche iche, mana ọ bụ ihe nzuzu ikwu na onye ọ bụla tuliri aka maka Brexit na ntuli aka EU mere ya n'ihi na ha ji otu olu kweta ịhapụ otu ahịa na njikọ omenala, na-etinye nkwekọrịta Guud Friday n'ihe ize ndụ, na-enwetaghị ego ọzọ maka NHS (dị iche na ihe a gwara ha) na nwere ike ịga n'ihu ọtụtụ afọ nke nkwụsi ike. "<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/voices/second-referendum-brexit-peoples-vote-independent-eu-remain-leave-uk-a8461251.html|title=If Brexit negotiations have taught us anything, it's that our future should not be left to 650 politicians in London|author=Umunna|first=Chuka|date=24 July 2018|work=[[The Independent]]|accessdate=22 October 2018}}</ref> N'ọnwa asatọ, n'afọ puku abụọ na asatọ (Ọgọstụ 2018), ''The Guardian'' kọrọ na "Umunna na onye otu Lebọ MP Chris Leslie kwenyere n'ọtụtụ ebe ha na-atọ ntọala maka ịmepụta otu ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ọhụrụ ọ bụ ezie na ha abụọ agọnahụla nke a".<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2018/aug/20/prospect-new-uk-party-grows-westminster-political-cracks-brexit|title=Prospect of a new UK party grows as Brexit shifts ground at Westminster|author=Stewart|first=Heather|date=20 August 2018|work=The Guardian|accessdate=20 August 2018}}</ref> N'ọnwa iri n'afọ puku abụọ na iri n'asatọ (Ọktoba 2018), a mara ọkwa na Umunna ga-eje ozi dị ka onyeisi oche nke ụlọ ọrụ ọhụrụ a na-akpọ Progressive Centa UK. A kpughere na ọ ga-enweta onu ego pound nke putara puku iri isii n'ise (£ 65,000) kwa afọ maka ọrụ ya na bọọdụ ndụmọdụ.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/chuka-umunna-paid-450-an-hour-to-lead-centrist-think-tank-lqq7fr83x|title=Chuka Umunna paid £450 an hour to lead centrist think tank|author=Zeffman|first=Henry|date=19 October 2018|work=[[The Times]]|accessdate=19 October 2018}}</ref> === Mgbanwe UK === Na abali iri n'asato, n'ime ọnwa abụọ n'afọ puku abụọ n'iteolu) (18 Febụwarị 2019), Umunna na ndị omeiwu isii ndị ọzọ (Luciana Berger, Chris Leslie, Angela Smith, Mike Gapes, Gavin Shuker, na Ann Coffey) hapụrụ Lebọ iji mee mkpesa na idu ndú Jeremy Corbyn iji guzobe Otu Nwere Onwe (mgbe e mesịrị Mgbanwe UK).<ref>{{Cite news|title=Seven MPs leave Labour in Corbyn protest|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-47278902|accessdate=18 February 2019|work=BBC News|date=18 February 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://news.sky.com/story/the-independent-group-applies-to-be-a-political-party-change-uk-11678001|title=The Independent Group applies to be a political party – Change UK|work=Sky News|language=en|accessdate=29 March 2019}}</ref> Òtù Nwere Onwe kpọrọ Umunna dị ka ọnụ na-ekwuchitere ya n'abali iri abụọ n'asatọ, n'onwa abụọ n'afọ puku abụọ na iri n'iteolu (28 Febụwarị 2019).<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2019/mar/01/chuka-umunna-named-spokesman-independent-group-mps-policy-responsibilities-roles|title=Chuka Umunna named spokesman for the Independent Group|author=Sabbagh|first=Dan|date=1 March 2019|work=The Guardian|accessdate=1 March 2019|language=en-GB}}</ref> N'abalị iri abụọ n'anọ, n'onwa ise n'afọ puku abụọ na iri n'iteolu (24 Mee 2019), Umunna dere na ''akwụkwọ akụkọ'' na Mgbanwe UK ga-emeghe maka nkwekọrịta pro-EU na ndị Liberal Democrats iji jikọta ntuli aka Remain.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://inews.co.uk/opinion/chuka-umunna-change-uk-independent-group-liberal-democrats-green/|title=Chuka Umunna: We've made mistakes at Change UK – and need to work with other Remain parties|author=Umunna|first=Chuka|date=24 May 2019|work=[[I (newspaper)|i newspaper]]|language=en-GB|accessdate=25 May 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2019/may/25/change-uk-could-form-pro-remain-pact-with-liberal-democrats|title=Change UK open to forming pro-remain pact with Liberal Democrats|author=Busby|first=Mattha|date=25 May 2019|work=[[The Guardian]]|accessdate=25 May 2019|language=en-GB}}</ref> N'ụbọchị nke anọ n'ọnwa Juun, mgbe Mgbanwe UK si na ntuli aka EU pụta, Umunna hapụrụ pati ahụ na mmadụ ise n'ime ndị omeiwu ya ndị ọzọ na-achọghị ka Mgbanwe UK kwado ndị na-azọ ọkwa na ntuliaka n'ọdịnihu.<ref name="end">{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-politics-48515505|title=Change UK loses six of its 11 MPs|work=BBC News|date=4 June 2019}}</ref><ref name="end2">{{Cite web|url=https://chuka.org.uk/2019/06/04/personal-statement-on-my-departure-from-change-uk/|title=Personal Statement on my departure from Change UK|date=4 June 2019|work=Chuka Umunna}}</ref> N'ikpeazụ, onye ndu ọhụrụ nke Mgbanwe UK, Anna Soubry, kwuru na Umunna mere "nnukwu njehie" n'ịhapụ pati ahụ.<ref name="Mistake">{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-48572020|title=Change UK: Chuka Umunna's exit a 'serious mistake', says Anna Soubry|date=9 June 2019|work=[[BBC News]]|accessdate=9 June 2019}}</ref><ref name="Walker-Soubry">{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2019/jun/09/anna-soubry-umunna-made-serious-mistake-leaving-change-uk|title=Anna Soubry: Umunna made 'serious mistake' leaving Change UK|author=Walker|first=Peter|date=9 June 2019|work=[[The Guardian]]|accessdate=9 June 2019}}</ref> === Ndị Liberal Democrats === [[Usòrò:Chuka_Umunna_Campaigning_Pimlico_2019.jpg|thumb|Umunna na-eme mkpọsa dị ka onye Liberal Democrat na Pimlico, Obodo London na Westminster na ntuli aka puku abụọ na iri n'iteolu (2019) United Kingdom]] Na abalị iri n'atọ, n'ọnwa isii, n'afọ puku abụọ na iri n'iteolu (13 June 2019), Umunna mara ọkwa na The Times na ọ ga-esonyere ndị Liberal Democrats.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/it-s-all-change-again-as-chuka-umunna-joins-lib-dems-2dqkcd5cx|title=It's all change again as Chuka Umunna joins Lib Dems|author=Elliott|first=Francis|date=13 June 2019|accessdate=13 June 2019}}</ref> Ọ gwara BBC na ọ bụ "ihe na-ezighi ezi" iche na "ọtụtụ nde ndị na-enweghị ebe obibi na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị chọrọ otu ọhụrụ", mgbe ọ na-ezo aka n'ịkwaga site na Mgbanwe UK. O kwukwara na ya "eleghara oke anya etu o siri sie ike ịmepụta otu ọhụrụ zuru oke na-enweghị akụrụngwa dị ugbu a", mgbe Mgbenwe UK nwetara naanị 3.4% nke ntuli aka, na ntuli aka EU, n'azụ 20% nke Liberal Democrats.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-politics-48403131|title=The UK's results in maps and charts|work=[[BBC News]]|date=27 May 2019|accessdate=14 June 2019|language=en-GB}}</ref> Ọ gbakwụnyere, n'okpuru usoro ịtuli aka nke Britain, a gaghị enwe "ebe maka ihe karịrị otu etiti etiti" na ntuli aka n'ozuzu.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2019/jun/13/chuka-umunna-joins-liberal-democrats-after-quitting-change-uk|title=Chuka Umunna joins Lib Dems: "No room for two in centre ground"|author=Heather Stewart and Matthew Weaver|date=14 June 2019|work=[[The Guardian]]|accessdate=5 October 2019}}</ref> Ọ bụ ezie na Umunna akatọwo ndị Liberal Democrats n'ihu ọha maka "inye aka Tory austerity" n'oge ọchịchị njikọ aka nke afọ puku abụọ na iri ruo puku abụọ na iri n'ise (2010 ruo 2015), ọ gwara BBC na "ihe agbanweela". O kwukwara na "ọtụtụ" ndị omeiwu ndị ọzọ nwere ike ịpụ na Liberal Democrats.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-politics-48631116|title=MP Chuka Umunna joins Lib Dems|date=14 June 2019|work=BBC News|accessdate=14 June 2019|language=en-GB}}</ref> Na ọnwa iteolu n'afọ puku abụọ na iri n'iteolu (Septemba 2019), n'okwu mbụ ya na Liberal Democrat Federal Conference, Umunna kwuru na Britain enweghị ike itinye ikike omume ya megide ndị isi ọchịchị aka ike n'ụwa n'oge Praịm Minista Boris Johnson na-eyi egwu imebi iwu gbasara Brexit.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2019/sep/16/britain-unable-to-exert-moral-authority-chuka-umunna|title=Britain unable to exert moral authority, says Chuka Umunna|date=16 September 2019|work=[[The Guardian]]|accessdate=4 October 2019}}</ref> Na ntuli aka nke United Kingdom nke afọ puku abụọ na iri n'iteolu (2019), Umunna guzoro na Obodo nke London na Westminster, ma merie onye otu Cọnzavetiv Patị, Nickie Aiken.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.standard.co.uk/news/politics/chuka-umunna-will-stand-against-tory-party-in-flagship-central-london-seat-a4230581.html|title=Chuka Umunna: I'll beat Tories in their flagship London seat|author=Murphy|first=Joe|date=6 September 2019|work=Evening Standard|language=en|accessdate=6 September 2019}}</ref> Helen Thompson nọchiri ya dị ka onye na-azọ ọkwa Lib Dem na Streatham, ma merie. == Ọrụ azụmah == Kemgbe ọnwa anọ n'afọ puku abụọ na iri abụọ, (Eprel 2020), Umunna abụwo onye nduzi na-abụghị onye isi nke Advanced na onye ndụmọdụ na Digital Identity Net UK.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Boland|first=Hannah|date=3 June 2020|title=Chuka Umunna joins board of software firm Advanced|language=en-GB|work=The Telegraph|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/2020/06/03/chuka-umunna-joins-board-software-firm-advanced/|accessdate=25 August 2020|quote=It was one of three posts he announced on Wednesday. They included advisory roles at Signal AI, a market intelligence firm and Digital Identity Net, a specialist in identity verification technology for banks.}}</ref> N'ọnwa Julaị afọ puku abụo na iri abụọ (2020), a họpụtara Umunna ka ọ bụrụ onye isi nchịkwa na onye isi nke ndị ndụmọdụ gburugburu ebe obibi, mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya, ọchịchị (ESG) n'ime ndị ọkachamara na ìsì ahịa na ndị ọrụ ego na ụlọ ọrụ mmekọrịta ọha na eze na ụlọ ọrụ ndụmọdụ ahịa Edelman UK. Umunna kwuru banyere nhọpụta ahụ "Ọ bụrụ na anyị ga-agbanwe n'ụzọ dị mkpa ihe nlereanya nke akụrụngwa anyị ga-ahụ na ọtụtụ azụmaahịa na-ejikọta ihe ESG n'ime mkpebi ụlọ ọrụ dị ka ọ dịtụbeghị. "<ref name="edelman-20200708"/><ref name="independent-20200708">{{Cite news|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/chuka-umunna-new-job-edelman-esg-executive-director-a9607646.html|title=Former Labour MP Chuka Umunna joins communications firm Edelman as executive director|author=Cowburn|first=Ashley|work=The Independent|date=8 July 2020|accessdate=30 December 2020}}</ref> N'abalị iri na abụọ n'ọnwa Eprel afọ puku abụọ na iri abụọ n'otu (2021), ọ sonyeere ụlọ akụ itinye ego JPMorgan Chase dị ka onye isi nchịkwa na onye isi nke mbọ ndụmọdụ ESG ya na Europe, Middle East na Africa, yana iduzi otu ụlọ akụ itinye aka ESG zuru ụwa ọnụ.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.ft.com/content/5bd1b592-a5e4-4790-9663-d46de8035bd5|title=Chuka Umunna joins JPMorgan to oversee ESG efforts|work=Financial Times|date=10 February 2021|accessdate=10 February 2021}}</ref><ref name="telegraph-20210421">{{Cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/business/2021/04/21/bankers-role-footballs-failed-coup-goal-jp-morgan/|title=Chuka Umunna in line of fire after JP Morgan's spectacular own goal|author=Gill|first=Oliver|work=The Daily Telegraph|date=21 April 2021|accessdate=22 April 2021}}</ref><ref name="li-umunna">{{Cite web|url=https://uk.linkedin.com/in/chukaumunna|title=Chuka Umunna - Managing Director & Head of EMEA ESG, J.P. Morgan|author=Umunna|first=Chuka|work=LinkedIn|accessdate=1 January 2023}}</ref> N'afọ puku abụọ na iri abụọ n'abụọ (2022), Umunna so n'òtù JPMorgan na-adụ Vesa Equity ọdụ, azụmaahịa itinye ego nke Daniel Kretinsky, na itinye ego ha na Britain nke gụnyere 23% nke Royal Mail.<ref name="telegraph-20231226">{{Cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/business/2022/12/26/czech-sphinx-royal-mail-investor-advised-ex-labour-star-chuka/|title='Czech sphinx' Royal Mail investor advised by ex-Labour star Chuka Umunna|author=Gill|first=Oliver|work=The Daily Telegraph|date=26 December 2023|accessdate=1 January 2023}}</ref><ref name="guardian-20231227">{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/business/2022/dec/27/chuka-umunna-advises-czech-tycoon-accused-of-royal-mail-plot|title=Chuka Umunna advises Czech tycoon accused of Royal Mail plot|author=Isaac|first=Anna|work=The Guardian|date=27 December 2023|accessdate=1 January 2023}}</ref> == Ndụ onwe onye == Umunna lụrụ Alice Sullivan, onye ọka iwu na-ahụ maka ọrụ. Di na nwunye ahụ nwere nwa nwanyị, amụrụ n'afọ puku abụọ na iri n'asaa (2017).<ref name="newstatesman-20170531"/> Ọ bụ onye na-akwado Crystal Palace F.C.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cpfc.co.uk/news/2017/march/labour-mp-votes-red--blue/|title=Labour MP Votes Red & Blue|author=<!--Not stated-->|date=14 March 2017|publisher=Crystal Palace F.C.|accessdate=10 March 2020}}</ref> O kwuru na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ya na ụkpụrụ omume ya sitere na Iso Ụzọ Kraịst, mana na ọ "abụghị onye okpukpe".<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.channel4.com/news/chuka-umunna-im-fed-up-with-being-in-the-shadows|title='Chuka Umunna: "I'm fed up with being in the shadows"'|date=30 September 2012|publisher=Channel 4|accessdate=16 August 2013}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|author=Walker|first=Tim|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/dont-compare-me-to-obama-is-chuka-umunna-britains-first-black-pm-6259648.html|title='Don't compare me to Obama' Is Chuka Umunna Britain's first black PM?|date=12 November 2011|work=[[The Independent]]|accessdate=25 September 2013}}</ref> Ọtụtụ afọ tupu ọ hapụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, a kpọtụrụ Umunna aha dị ka otu onye n'ime mmadu otu nari ndị amama na Afrịka kachasị nwee mmetụta site na magazin New ''African'' n'afọ puku abụọ na iri n'ise (2015).<ref>{{Cite web|date=24 November 2015|title=Nigerians dominate New Africa's 100 Most Influential Africans of 2015|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2015/11/nigerians-dominate-new-africas-100-most-influential-africans-of-2015/|accessdate=6 January 2021|work=Vanguard News|language=en-US}}</ref> == Ihe edeturu == <references group="lower-alpha" responsive="1"></references> == Ebemsidee == <references group="" responsive="1"></references> == Njikọ mpụga == {{Commons category}}Onye isi webụsaịtị Chuka Umunna na Twita profailụ na nzukọ omeiwu nke Unaited Kindọm Onyinye nzukọ omeiwu na Hansard Ntuli aka ihe ndekọ na Ọha whip Ndekọ na nzukọ omeiwu na HaRụruGịỌrụ Atịkụl Ebe nchekwa na Nke Onye nche Chuka Umunna - Ọru Nwa Ntuli aka profailu Striitham Lebọ De Mọọtịcọchọralụ politik ọnlain Mbili nke Chuka Umunna MP chaatị site na akwụkwọ akụkọ Ethos Chuka Umunna ebe nchekwa na Nke Onye Nche {{s-start}} {{s-par|uk}} {{s-bef|before=[[Keith Hill (politician)|Keith Hill]]}} {{s-ttl|title=[[Member of Parliament (UK)|Member of Parliament]]<br>for [[Streatham (UK Parliament constituency)|Streatham]]|years=[[2010 United Kingdom general election|2010]]–[[2019 United Kingdom general election|2019]]}} {{s-aft|after=[[Bell Ribeiro-Addy]]}} |- {{s-off}} {{s-bef|before=[[John Denham (politician)|John Denham]]}} {{s-ttl|title=[[Shadow Secretary of State for Business, Innovation and Skills]]|years=2011–2015}} {{s-aft|after=[[Angela Eagle]]}} {{s-end}}{{2015 Labour Party leadership election}}{{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Umunna, Chuka}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] fm3rj87oq62gk9d1beekyy48hd0zsp2 0 26375 727400 719975 2026-09-23T13:31:20Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727400 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Amuma gburugburu ebe obibi na China''' bụ nke National People's Congress setịpụrụ ma bụrụ nke Ministry of Environmental Protection of the [[China|People's Republic of China]] na-achịkwa. N'okpuru Ministry of Environmental Protection of the People's Republic of China, Ngalaba Iwu, Iwu, na Iwu na-ahụ maka iguzobe na iwusi iwu na iwu ndị bụ isi dị ka iwu gburugburu ebe obibi, iwu nchịkwa na iwu akụ na ụba. Ọ bụkwa ọrụ maka mmepe nke iwu nchedo gburugburu ebe obibi nke mba na atụmatụ macro.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://zfs.mep.gov.cn/|title=政策法规司|date=May 9, 2017|work=Ministry of Environmental Protection of the People's Republic of China|accessdate=May 17, 2023|archivedate=August 3, 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180803150319/http://zfs.mep.gov.cn/}}</ref> Mgbasawanye akụ na ụba ngwa ngwa nke China jikọtara ya na nlekọta gburugburu ebe obibi nke mba ahụ akpatawo ọtụtụ nsogbu gburugburu ebe obibi.<ref>{{Cite web|author=World Bank|title=China Country Climate and Development Report|url=https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/bitstream/handle/10986/38136/FullReport.pdf?sequence=2&isAllowed=y|accessdate=17 October 2022}}</ref> N'ịzaghachi nrụgide ọha na eze, gọọmentị mba ahụ emeela ọtụtụ ihe iji gbochie mmetọ na China ma melite ọnọdụ gburugburu ebe obibi nke mba ahụ.<ref name="grows">{{Cite web|url=https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=10221268|title=Air Pollution Grows in Tandem with China's Economy|work=NPR.org|publisher=NPR|accessdate=2013-09-08}}</ref> Agbanyeghị, a katọrọ nzaghachi gọọmentị dị ka ezughi oke.<ref name="weighs">[https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424127887324879504578597462908226052 ''China Weighs Environmental Costs; Beijing Tries to Emphasize Cleaner Industry Over Unbridled Growth After Signs Mount of Damage Done''] July 23, 2013</ref> N'ịbụ ndị iwu mba ahụ gbara ume na ha na-ekpe mpaghara ikpe naanị site na mmepe akụ na ụba ha, ndị ọchịchị ime obodo rụrụ arụ na ndị na-achọghị emebiwo mmanye.<ref name="NYT2007">{{Cite news|title=As China Roars, Pollution Reaches Deadly Extremes|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2007/08/26/world/asia/26china.html|accessdate=28 July 2013|work=The New York Times|date=26 August 2007|author=Joseph Kahn}}</ref><ref name="VOA"/> Ka o sina dị, n'ọnwa Eprel afọ 2014, gọọmentị gbanwere iwu gburugburu ebe obibi ya iji lụso mmetọ ọgụ.<ref name="VOA" /> Kemgbe afọ 2010, gọọmentị elebara anya na nchedo gburugburu ebe obibi site n'omume iwu dịka ịbịanye aka na nkwekọrịta ihu igwe Paris, atụmatụ afọ ise nke 13 na mgbanwe iwu nchedo gburugburu ụlọ nke 2015 Site na 2006 ruo 2017, e belatara ọkwa sulphur dioxide na China site na pasent 70, na mmetọ ikuku belatara site na 2013 ruo 2018 Na 2017, itinye ego na ike ọhụrụ ruru ijeri US $ 279.8 n'ụwa niile, ebe China na-aza ajụjụ maka ijeri US$126.6 ma ọ bụ 45% nke itinye ego zuru ụwa ọnụ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.mondaq.com/china/clean-air-pollution/955486/china39s-evolving-environmental-protection-laws|title=China's Evolving Environmental Protection Laws - Environment - China}}</ref><ref name="forbes.com">{{Cite web|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/allisongasparini/2020/09/30/china-has-successfully-improved-air-quality-but-the-efforts-could-unmask-further-global-warming/?sh=779ea7cd34a0|title=China Has Successfully Improved Air Quality, but the Efforts Could Unmask Further Global Warming|work=[[Forbes]]}}</ref><ref name="forbes.com" /><ref>Frankfurt School – UNEP Collaborating Centre for Climate & Sustainable Energy Finance (2018). ''Global Trends in Renewable Energy Investment 2018''. Available online at: https://europa.eu/capacity4dev/unep/documents/global-trends-renewable-energy-investment-2018</ref> China aghọwo onye na-etinye ego kachasị n'ụwa, onye na-emepụta ma na-azụ ahịa nke ike na-agbanwe agbanwe n'ụwa niile, na-emepụta akụkụ anyanwụ nke ọkaibe, turbines ikuku na ụlọ ọrụ ike mmiri yana ịghọ onye na-emepụta ụgbọala eletrik na bọs kachasị n' ụwa.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.channelnewsasia.com/news/commentary/china-climate-change-emissions-carbon-clean-energy-13533228|title=Commentary: China will bet big on clean energy to achieve carbon neutrality|accessdate=2023-05-17|archivedate=2021-07-11|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210711170116/https://www.channelnewsasia.com/news/commentary/china-climate-change-emissions-carbon-clean-energy-13533228}}</ref> == Ikike iwu == Ministri na-ahụ maka nchekwa gburugburu ebe obibi (MEP), nke bụbu State Environmental Protection Administration (SEPA), bụ ozi ọkwa ọkwa nke gọọmentị China na-ahụ maka mmejuputa atumatu gburugburu ebe obibi, yana mmanye iwu gburugburu ebe obibi na ụkpụrụ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://news.sina.com.cn/c/2008-03-11/152315124637.shtml|title=华建敏：组建环境保护部加大环境保护力度_新闻中心_新浪网|publisher=News.sina.com.cn|language=zh|date=11 March 2008|accessdate=12 February 2013}}</ref> Ụlọ ọrụ ahụ nwere ọrụ ichebe ikuku, mmiri, na ala China pụọ na mmetọ na mmetọ. Kpọmkwem n'okpuru kansụl steeti, iwu na-enye ya ike ma chọọ ya ka o mejuputa atumatu gburugburu ebe obibi na ịmanye iwu na ụkpụrụ gburugburu ebe obibi. N'ịmezu ọrụ nhazi ya, ọ na-enye ego ma na-ahazi nyocha na mmepe. E nwere ọfịs na ngalaba iri abụọ n'okpuru MEP gụnyere General Office, Ngalaba Atụmatụ na Ego, Ngalaba Iwu na Iwu, Ngalaba Nchịkwa nke Ihe Ndị Mmadụ na Nhazi Ụlọ Ọrụ, Ngalaba Sayensị, Teknụzụ na Ụkpụrụ Ngalaba Nnyocha Mmetụta Gburugburu Ebe Obibi, Ngalaba Na-ahụ Maka Nlekọta Gburugburu Mpaghara Mmiri, Ngalaba nke Nchịkwa Mmiri, Department of Soil Environmental Management, Ngalaba Okike na Ecology Conservation, Ngalaba Nuclear Facility Safety Regulation, Ngalaba Mgbanwe, Ngalaba Njikọ, Ngalaba Kọmunist Ngalaba Nlekọta Nchịkwa, Ngalaba, Ngalaba Ngalaba Nche, Ngalaba Mba, Ngalaba Mpaghara, Ngalaba Mmiri nke Kọmunist, Ngalaba Nchedozi Mpaghara nke Kọmunity, Ngalaba Ọrụ Kọmunist Kọmunist (CC), Ngalaba Nhazi Nchịkwa Nchịkwa Mpaghara Nchịkwa Na Kọmunist<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://english.sepa.gov.cn/About_SEPA/Internal_Departments/|title=Ministry of Environmental Protection|date=March 24, 2018|work=Departments in MEP|accessdate=May 17, 2023|archivedate=August 2, 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180802014108/http://english.sepa.gov.cn/About_SEPA/Internal_Departments/}}</ref> Ọfịs iri abụọ niile dị na ọkwa ''ikpe'' na usoro ọkwa gọọmentị. Ha na-arụ ọrụ nchịkwa n'ebe dị iche iche ma hụ na ụlọ ọrụ ahụ na-arụkọ ọrụ n'ụzọ kwesịrị ekwesị. Kemgbe afọ 2006, e nweela ụlọ ọrụ mpaghara ise iji nyere aka na nyocha na mmanye mpaghara. == Akụkọ ihe mere eme == N'afọ 1972, ndị nnọchi anya China gara ọgbakọ United Nations nke mbụ gbasara gburugburu ebe obibi mmadụ. N'afọ sochirinụ, e hiwere otu ndị ndu nchekwa gburugburu ebe obibi. Na 1983, gọọmentị China kwupụtara na nchekwa gburugburu ebe obibi ga-abụ amụma steeti. Na 1998, China gara n'ihu n'afọ dị egwu nke oke idei mmiri, gọọmentị China kwalitekwara otu ndị na-edu ndú gaa n'ụlọ ọrụ ọkwa ọkwa ozi, nke mechara bụrụ nchịkwa nchekwa gburugburu ebe obibi nke steeti. Dị ka ebe nrụọrụ weebụ gọọmentị China si kwuo, Gọọmentị etiti tinyere ihe karịrị ijeri yuan ịrị anọ n'etiti afọ 1998 na 2001 na nchedo nke ahịhịa, enyemaka ugbo, na ntụgharị nke ugbo gaa n'oké ọhịa. N'agbata afọ 1999 na afọ 2002, China gbanwere nde hekta 7.7 nke ala ugbo ka ọ bụrụ ọhịa.<ref>Li, Zhiyong. [http://www.fao.org/docrep/008/ae537e/ae537e0j.htm ”A policy review on watershed protection and poverty alleviation by the Grain for Green Programme in China”]. Retrieved April 2, 2008.</ref> Site na 2001 ruo 2005, ndị na-ahụ maka gburugburu ebe obibi na China natara ihe karịrị nde akwụkwọ ozi abụọ na nleta pụkụ narị anọ na ịrị atọ nke mmadụ pụkụ narị ịse na ịrị itoolu na asaa ndị na-arịọ arịrịọ na-achọ nhazi gburugburu ebe obibi.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.chinadialogue.net/article/show/single/en/745-Environmental-protection-in-China-the-role-of-law|title=Environmental protection in China: the role of law|publisher=China Dialogue|author=Alex Wang|date=5 February 2007|accessdate=2013-02-12|archivedate=2012-05-16|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120516123917/http://www.chinadialogue.net/article/show/single/en/745-Environmental-protection-in-China-the-role-of-law}}</ref> Ka ọ dị ugbu a, ọnụ ọgụgụ ngagharị iwe nke nchegbu banyere nsogbu gburugburu ebe obibi kpatara ji nwayọọ nwayọọ na-eto site na 2001 ruo 2007.<ref>{{Cite web|title=How participation can help China's ailing environment|url=http://www.chinadialogue.net/article/show/single/en/733-How-participation-can-help-China-s-ailing-environment|work=ChinaDialogue|publisher=ChinaDialogue|accessdate=28 July 2013|author=Ma Jun|date=31 January 2007|archivedate=21 February 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200221064936/https://www.chinadialogue.net/article/show/single/en/733-How-participation-can-help-China-s-ailing-environment}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Environmental Activists Detained in Hangzhou|url=http://www.hrichina.org/content/1688|work=Human Rights in China|publisher=Human Rights in China|accessdate=28 July 2013|date=25 October 2012|archivedate=26 May 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130526035006/http://www.hrichina.org/content/1688}}</ref> Nlebara anya na-arịwanye elu n'ihe gbasara gburugburu ebe obibi mere ka gọọmentị China gosipụta nchegbu na-arị elu maka nsogbu gburugburu ebe obibi. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, na okwu ya kwa afọ nke afọ 2007 Wen Jiabao, onye isi ala nke People's Republic of China, ruturu aka maka "mgbasa," "mmetọ," na "nchebe gburugburu ebe obibi", ma tinye iwu gburugburu ebe obibi siri ike. A kagbuola enyemaka maka ụlọ ọrụ ụfọdụ na-emetọ ikuku, ebe a mechiri ụlọ ọrụ ndị ọzọ na-emetụta ikuku. Otú ọ dị, ọtụtụ ebumnuche gburugburu ebe obibi dị n'ime ala furu efu.<ref name="NYT2007"/> Mgbe adreesị 2007 gasịrị, mmetụta nke nrụrụ aka bụ ihe mgbochi maka mmanye dị irè, n'ihi na ndị ọchịchị obodo leghaara iwu anya ma gbochie ịdị irè nke mkpebi etiti. Na nzaghachi, odeakwụkwọ ukwu nke CCP Hu Jintao mebere "Green G.D.P." oru ngo, ebe a na-emeziwanye ihe eji eme ulo nke China iji kwughachi ihe ojoo na gburugburu ebe obibi; Otú ọ dị, ihe omume ngwa ngwa furu efu ukara mmetụta n'ihi na-adịghị mma data. Onye na-eme nchọpụta na-eduzi ọrụ ahụ kwuru na ndị isi mpaghara "adịghị amasị ka a kwụ n'ahịrị ma kọọrọ ha otú ha anaghị erute ebumnobi onye ndu ... O siiri ha ike ịnabatanke a".<ref name="NYT2007"/> Gọọmentị nwara ime "No Car Days" nke mba ebe a machibidoro ụgbọala n'okporo ụzọ etiti, mana a leghaara omume ahụ anya.<ref>{{Cite news|title=China is holding a No Car Day in more than 100 cities as it tries to reduce smog ahead of the 2008 Summer Olympics.|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/7007893.stm|accessdate=28 July 2013|work=BBC News|date=22 September 2007}}</ref> N'afọ 2008, Ministri nke Nchedo Gburugburu Ebe Obibi nọchiri anya State Environmental Protection Administration n'oge nnọkọ March National People's Congress na Beijing.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://news.sina.com.cn/c/2008-03-11/152315124637.shtml|title=华建敏：组建环境保护部加大环境保护力度_新闻中心_新浪网|publisher=News.sina.com.cn|accessdate=2013-02-12}}</ref> Mgbalị ụmụ amaala na-eme banyere mkpebi gọọmentị nke a na-ele anya dị ka ihe na-emebi gburugburu ebe obibi mụbara na afọ 2010.<ref name="NYT7412">{{Cite news|title=Bolder Protests Against Pollution Win Project's Defeat in China|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2012/07/05/world/asia/chinese-officials-cancel-plant-project-amid-protests.html|accessdate=July 5, 2012|work=[[The New York Times]]|date=July 4, 2012|author=Keith Bradsher}}</ref> N'ọnwa Eprel afọ 2012, e mere ngagharị iwe n'obodo [[Yinggehai]] dị n'ebe ndịda mgbe a mara ọkwa ọrụ ụlọ ọrụ ọkụ eletrik. Ndị na-eme ngagharị iwe nwere ihe ịga nke ọma na mbụ n'ịkwụsị ọrụ ahụ, nke ruru ijeri 3.9 renminbi (£ 387m). A họọrọ obodo ọzọ maka ebe ụlọ ọrụ ahụ dị, mana mgbe ndị bi na ebe nke abụọ guzogidere ndị ọchịchị laghachiri Yinggehai. Nzọụkwụ nke abụọ nke ngagharị iwe mere n'ọnwa Ọktoba afọ 2012 ma ndị uwe ojii na ndị na-eme ngagharị iwe na-alụ ọgụ, na-eduga na njide 50 na ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ 100 mmerụ ahụ.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Chinese protesters clash with police over power plant|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2012/oct/22/chinese-protesters-power-plant|accessdate=28 July 2013|work=The Guardian|date=22 October 2012}}</ref> N'ịzaghachi pipeline mkpofu maka ụlọ ọrụ akwụkwọ na obodo Qidong, ọtụtụ puku ndị na-eme ngagharị iwe mere ngagharị iwe na July 2012. A mara mmadụ iri na isii n'ime ndị na-eme ngagharị iwe ikpe ịnọ n'agbata ọnwa iri na abụọ na ọnwa iri na asatọ n'ụlọ mkpọrọ; Otú ọ dị, e nyere mmadụ iri na atọ ohere n'ihi na ha kwupụtara ma chegharịa.<ref>{{Cite news|title=China jails anti-pollution protesters after riot|url=http://www.theage.com.au/environment/china-jails-antipollution-protesters-after-riot-20130207-2e1li.html|accessdate=28 July 2013|work=The Age|date=7 February 2013|archive-date=5 December 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131205033645/http://www.theage.com.au/environment/china-jails-antipollution-protesters-after-riot-20130207-2e1li.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> N'ozuzu, ihe karịrị 50,000 ngagharị iwe gburugburu ebe obibi mere na China n'afọ 2012.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Pollution spurs more Chinese protests than any other issue|url=http://grist.org/news/pollution-spurs-more-chinese-protests-than-any-other-issue/|work=Grist.org|publisher=Grist Magazine, Inc|accessdate=28 July 2013|author=John Upton|date=8 March 2013}}</ref> N'ịzaghachi nsogbu mmetọ ikuku na-arịwanye elu, gọọmentị China kwupụtara atụmatụ afọ ise, ijeri dọla narị abụọ na ịrị asaa na asaa iji dozie nsogbu ahụ na 2013. Northern China ga-enweta nlebara anya pụrụ iche, ebe gọọmentị na-ezube belata ikuku ikuku site na pasent ịrị abụọ na ise site na 2017, ma e jiri ya tụnyere ọkwa 2012.<ref>{{Cite web|title=China to spend big to clean up its air|url=http://grist.org/news/china-to-spend-big-to-clean-up-its-air/|work=Grist.org|publisher=Grist Magazine, Inc|accessdate=27 July 2013|author=John Upton|date=25 July 2013}}</ref> Na Machị 2014, onye isi ala Li Keqiang "kwupụtara agha" na mmetọ n'oge mmeghe nke National People's Congress.<ref>{{Cite news|date=2014-03-05|title=China to 'declare war' on pollution, premier says|language=en|work=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-parliament-pollution-idUSBREA2405W20140305|accessdate=2022-12-15}}</ref> Mgbe arụmụka sara mbara were ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ afọ abụọ, ndị omeiwu kwadoro iwu gburugburu ebe obibi ọhụrụ n'ọnwa Eprel. Iwu ọhụrụ ahụ na-enye ndị ọrụ mmanye gburugburu ebe obibi ikike ntaramahụhụ dị ukwuu, na-akọwa mpaghara ndị chọrọ nchebe ọzọ, ma na-enye òtù ndị nweere onwe ha [[ikike ịrụ ọrụ]] na mba ahụ.<ref name="VOA"/> Akụkụ ọhụrụ nke iwu ahụ na-ekwu maka mmetọ ikuku kpọmkwem, ma na-akpọ maka nlekọta gọọmentị ọzọ.<ref name="largefines"/> Onye omeiwu bụ Xin Chunying kpọrọ iwu ahụ "ihe siri ike [n'ọgụ megide] ihe siri ike nke gburugburu ebe obibi nke mba anyị, na usoro dị mkpa".<ref name="VOA" /> A tụgharịrị nsụgharị atọ gara aga nke iwu ahụ. Iwu ahụ bụ mmezigharị mbụ nke iwu nchedo gburugburu ebe obibi kemgbe afọ 1989.<ref name="VOA"/> "Ọganihu carbon dị ala" mesiri ike n'oge 19th Party Congress na 2017.<ref>{{Cite book|author=Moore|first=Scott|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1316703008|title=China's next act : how sustainability and technology are reshaping China's rise and the world's future|date=2022|isbn=978-0-19-760401-4|location=New York, NY|pages=87|oclc=1316703008}}</ref> N'afọ 2019, China malitere Belt and Road Initiative International Green Development Coalition. N'afọ 2020, odeakwụkwọ ukwu nke Chinese Communist Party [[Xi Jinping]] kwupụtara na China na-ezube ịbawanye ikuku tupu 2030 ma gaa na carbon-neutral site na 2060 dịka nkwekọrịta ihu igwe Paris si dị.<ref>{{Cite news|date=2020-10-08|title=China Solar Stocks Are Surging After Xi's 2060 Carbon Pledge|language=en|work=Bloomberg.com|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-10-08/china-s-solar-stocks-are-surging-after-xi-s-2060-carbon-pledge|accessdate=2021-01-05}}</ref> Dị ka Climate Action Tracker si kwuo, ọ bụrụ na emezu ya, ọ ga-ebelata ịrị elu a tụrụ anya na okpomọkụ ụwa site na 0.2 - 0.3 degrees - "nnukwu mbelata nke Climate Action tracker mere atụmatụ".<ref>{{Cite web|title=China going carbon neutral before 2060 would lower warming projections by around 0.2 to 0.3 degrees C|url=https://climateactiontracker.org/press/china-carbon-neutral-before-2060-would-lower-warming-projections-by-around-2-to-3-tenths-of-a-degree/|work=Climate Action Tracker|accessdate=27 September 2020}}</ref> N'afọ 2020, gọọmentị China wepụrụ iwu na-ekpo ọkụ iji chebe gburugburu ebe obibi nke Osimiri Yangtze. Iwu ọhụrụ a gụnyere iwusi iwu nchebe gburugburu ebe obibi ike maka ọrụ ike mmiri n'akụkụ osimiri ahụ, machibido ụlọ ọrụ kemịkalụ n'ime otu kilomita site na osimiri ahụ, ịkwaga ụlọ ọrụ mmetọ ebe obibi, igbochi oke ngwupụta ájá yana mmachibido iwu ịkụ azụ zuru oke n'akụkụ mmiri niile nke osimiri ahụ, gụnyere. niile isi iyi na ọdọ mmiri.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-environment-yangtze-idUSKBN29407F|title=China seeks better protection of Yangtze river with landmark law|work=Reuters|date=30 December 2020}}</ref> == Nkwado Iwu maka Ụgbọala Eletroniki == Mmepụta ụgbọ ala eletrọniki abụwo nnukwu ihe ịga nke ọma maka China.<ref name=":5">{{Cite book|author=Moore|first=Scott|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1316703008|title=China's next act : how sustainability and technology are reshaping China's rise and the world's future|date=2022|isbn=978-0-19-760401-4|location=New York, NY|pages=87|oclc=1316703008}}</ref> Site na 2010 ruo 2012, gọọmentị kwadoro 40-60% nke ego a na-eme iji zụta ụgbọala eletrik.<ref name=":5" /> Tụkwasị na nke a, ọtụtụ gọọmentị ime obodo nyere nkwado iwu, gụnyere nkwụsịtụ ụtụ isi na "ụkpụrụ akwụkwọ ikike pụrụ iche nke na-ewepụ ndị ọkwọ ụgbọala na mgbochi okporo ụzọ mpaghara.<ref name=":5" /> China setịpụkwara iwu na-enweghị ikuku, na-achọ ka ụlọ ọrụ ndị na-emepụta ma ọ bụ na-ebubata ihe karịrị ụgbọala pụkụ narị ịrị atọ n'ime otu afọ tinye pasentị nke ụgbọala eletrik (maka 2019, nke a bụ 10%; ọ bụ 12% na 2020).<ref name=":6">{{Cite web|date=2022-07-25|title=Electric Vehicles {{!}} Guide to Chinese Climate Policy|url=https://chineseclimatepolicy.energypolicy.columbia.edu/en/electric-vehicles|accessdate=2022-07-25|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220725011932/https://chineseclimatepolicy.energypolicy.columbia.edu/en/electric-vehicles|archivedate=2022-07-25}}</ref> N'otu aka ahụ, iwu na-egbochi iwu ụlọ ọrụ ọhụrụ nke nwere ike ịmepụta naanị ụgbọ ala nwere injin ọkụ dị n'ime; ọ gwụla ma o siri ike iru ihe ndị a chọrọ, ụlọ ọrụ ọhụrụ ga-enwerịrị ike ịmepụta ụgbọ ala eletrik.<ref name=":6" /> Gọọmentị etiti na-enyekwa ego ma na-enye iwu ka akụrụngwa na-akwụ ụgwọ ụgbọ ala, gụnyere inye ndị nwe ụlọ ihe mkpali iji gbakwunye akụrụngwa.<ref name=":6" /> N'ihi nkwado iwu China maka ụgbọala eletrik, ahịa arịwo elu na China, site na ihe na-erughị pụkụ ịrị wee ruo ihe karịrị pụkụ narị atọ na pụkụ ịrị atọ e rere n'ime naanị afọ anọ.<ref name=":5"/> Ka ọ na-erule afọ 2018, a na-ere ụgbọala eletrik nde 1.1 na China, na-anọchite anya mmụba 80% site na afọ gara aga.<ref name=":6"/> == Nkwado Iwu maka Ike Anyanwụ == China na-eduga ụwa ma n'ịmepụta ike anyanwụ (nke nwere ihe karịrị otu ụzọ n'ụzọ atọ nke ikike ụwa) na n'ịrụpụta anyanwụ.<ref name=":7">{{Cite web|date=2022-07-25|title=Solar Power {{!}} Guide to Chinese Climate Policy|url=https://chineseclimatepolicy.energypolicy.columbia.edu/en/solar-power|accessdate=2022-07-25|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220725013755/https://chineseclimatepolicy.energypolicy.columbia.edu/en/solar-power|archivedate=2022-07-25}}</ref> Atụmatụ Afọ Ise nke 13 na-eguzobe ihe mgbaru ọsọ nke 153.6 GW nke ikike anyanwụ na China site na 2020, yana ebumnuche nke otu site na mpaghara.<ref name=":7" /> China enyewo nri na ụtụ maka ike anyanwụ kemgbe ọ dịkarịa ala afọ 2011.<ref name=":7"/> Ọnụ ahịa nke teknụzụ anyanwụ nke China arịgoola nke ukwuu, na-eme ihe ruru 3% (ijeri dọla ịrị atọ na abụọ) nke ọnụ ahịa ngụkọta nke ihe China na-ebupụ na 2020.<ref name=":5"/> CCP na-ele mmepụta teknụzụ anyanwụ anya dị ka ihe na-agbakọta na ebumnuche ya iji gbanwee akụ na ụba China gaa na ngwaahịa na ọrụ dị elu.<ref name=":5" /> Gọọmentị na-emefu ego dị ukwuu na nyocha na mmepe nke anyanwụ, ebe ọtụtụ n'ime ego na-abịa site na Ministry of Science and Technology.<ref name=":7"/> Maka ọkara mbụ nke afọ 2022, itinye ego nke China na nnukwu anyanwụ mụbara pasent otu narị na iri asaá na atọ site na afọ gara aga, nke ruru ijeri dọla ịrị anọ na otu.<ref>{{Cite news|date=2022-08-15|title=Even With Biggest-Ever Climate Bill, US Lags China's Green Spending|language=en|work=Bloomberg.com|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2022-08-15/just-how-big-is-the-374-billion-us-climate-bill-in-global-terms|accessdate=2022-08-23}}</ref> == Iwu dị ugbu a == Na mba, China nwere ihe karịrị iwu gburugburu ebe obibi iri abụọ nke National People's Congress nabatara, e nwekwara ihe karịrị iwu otú narị na iri anọ nke kansụl steeti nyere, yana usoro iwu ngalaba na ụkpụrụ gburugburu ebe obibi nke State Environmental Protection Agency (SEPA) setịpụrụ.<ref>Carter, N.T. and Mol, A.P.J. (2007) '''Environment Governance in China'''. London: Routledge</ref> N'afọ 2003, gọọmentị China tụrụ aro echiche mmepe ọhụrụ na-ekwusi ike na ọdịmma mmadụ ma na-anwa inweta mmepe na nkwekọrịta na-adịgide adịgide n'etiti mmadụ na okike, yana ọganihu mmekọrịta na akụ na ụba n'etiti mpaghara dị iche iche na mba ndị ọzọ.<ref>Wen, J. (2004) http://www.sociology.cass.netcn/shxw/shgz/shgz6/t20040405_1994.htm{{Dead link|date=August 2019 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Na mba ụwa, China esonyewokwa na nkwekọrịta ndị dị ka Convention on Biological Diversity na UN Millennium Development Goals, nke gụnyere ibelata ịda ogbenye, nchedo gburugburu ebe obibi na mmepe na-adịgide adịgide.<ref>Liu, J. and Diamond, J. (2005) 'China's Environment in a globalizing world', ''nature'', 435, 1179-1186</ref> Mgbe usoro nchekwa gburugburu ebe obibi ọhụrụ malitere na Jenụwarị 2015, a ga-ahapụ ụlọ ọrụ gọọmentị na-ahụ maka gburugburu ebe obibi ka ha manye ntaramahụhụ siri ike na ijide ihe onwunwe nke ndị mmetọ iwu na-akwadoghị. Ụlọ ọrụ ndị mebiri iwu ga-abụ "aha na ihere", na ndị isi ụlọ ọrụ nọ n'ụlọ mkpọrọ nke ụbọchị 15. A gaghị enwe oke oke na nra; na mbụ, ọ na-adịkarị ọnụ ala maka ụlọ ọrụ ịkwụ ụgwọ obere nra nke iwu nyere karịa ịwụnye usoro mgbochi mmetọ. N'ozuzu, iwu ọhụrụ ahụ nwere ndokwa 70, ma e jiri ya tụnyere 47 nke iwu dị ugbu a.<ref name="largefines"/> Ihe karịrị igwe narị atọ dị iche iche ga-enwe ike ịgba akwụkwọ maka ndị mmetọ merụrụ ahụ.<ref name="VOA">{{Cite news|title=China Revises Environmental Law|accessdate=27 April 2014|url=http://www.voanews.com/content/china-revises-environmental-law-to-address-pollution-problems/1900981.html|work=Voice of America|date=25 April 2014|archive-date=4 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304054524/http://www.voanews.com/content/china-revises-environmental-law-to-address-pollution-problems/1900981.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> A ka ga-ahụ ma mgbanwe ndị a na iwu ga-emeri ụfọdụ nsogbu ọdịnala na ikpe gburugburu ebe obibi na China, dị ka ihe isi ike inweta ikpe ụlọ ikpe nabatara, nsogbu nchịkọta ihe akaebe na ntinye aka site na gọọmentị ime obodo.<ref>Rachel E. Stern, [https://www.amazon.com/Environmental-Litigation-China-Political-Ambivalence/dp/1107460026/ref=tmm_pap_title_0?_encoding=UTF8&sr=&qid= Environmental Litigation in China: A Study in Political Ambivalence] (Cambridge University Press, 2013); Xia Jun, "C [https://web.archive.org/web/20190626093004/https://www.chinadialogue.net/article/show/single/en/4727--China-s-courts-fail-the-environment- China's Courts Fail the Environment]," China Dialogue, January 16, 2012</ref> N'okpuru iwu ọhụrụ ahụ, gọọmentị ime obodo ga-anọ n'okpuru ịdọ aka ná ntị maka ịghara itinye iwu gburugburu ebe obibi n'ọrụ. A gaghịzi ekpe mpaghara ikpe naanị maka ọganihu akụ na ụba ha, kama ọ ga-ejikọta ọganihu na nchedo gburugburu ebe obibi. Tụkwasị na nke a, a ga-achọ ka gọọmentị ime obodo kpughee ozi gburugburu ebe obibi nye ọha na eze. A na-agba ndị mmadụ ume ka ha "na-ebi ndụ carbon na nke na-adịghị mma ma na-arụ ọrụ nchedo gburugburu ebe obibi" dịka imegharị ihe mkpofu ha n'okpuru iwu.<ref name="largefines">{{Cite news|title=China's polluters to face large fines under law change|author=Jennifer Duggan|url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/chinas-choice/2014/apr/25/china-environment-law-fines-for-pollution|accessdate=27 April 2014|date=25 April 2014|work=The Guardian}}</ref> Na June 2017, gọọmentị China mere mgbanwe nke abụọ na Iwu Mgbochi Mmetọ Mmiri.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://zfs.mep.gov.cn/fl/200802/t20080229_118802.shtml|title=Water Pollution Control Law of the People's Republic of China|accessdate=2023-05-17|archivedate=2018-06-12|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612185408/http://zfs.mep.gov.cn/fl/200802/t20080229_118802.shtml}}</ref> Dabere na iwu mbụ nke Iwu Mgbochi Mmetọ Mmiri na 1996, mmezigharị ahụ ga-amụba ntaramahụhụ maka mmetọ mmiri ma nwee ike ibuli elu ntaramahụụhụ ruo otu nde yuan.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.chinanews.com/gn/2017/06-22/8258032.shtml|title=中国水污染防治法修正案二审 违法排污处罚上限或升至百万元-中新网|author=chinanews|work=www.chinanews.com|accessdate=2018-04-11}}</ref> Dabere na nkwupụta nke Minista na-ahụ maka Nchebe Gburugburu Ebe Obibi, mbipụta nke abụọ e dezigharịrị mere ka ọrụ gọọmentị ime obodo sikwuo ike, ma nụchaa ma melite usoro nchebe mmiri ọṅụṅụ.<ref name=":03">{{Cite web|url=http://www.npc.gov.cn/npc/xinwen/2017-06/29/content_2024906.htm|title=About the Law of China on Water Pollution Description of the amendment}}</ref> Kemgbe iwu ahụ na 1984, iwu a enyewo aka dị ịrịba ama na nke dị mma iji melite gburugburu mmiri na China. Agbanyeghị, ogo mmiri dị na China ka na-adịghị mma.<ref name=":03" /> === Ebe ndị a na-echebe === A na-amata ọtụtụ klas dị iche iche nke ebe echedoro n'okpuru iwu China. Gọọmentị mba, nke mpaghara, na nke ime obodo niile nwere ikike ịhọpụta mpaghara dị ka ndị a na-echebe. N'agbanyeghi aha, a na-eme ọtụtụ mmanye na mpaghara. == Nsogbu ndị dị ugbu a == [[Usòrò:Factory_in_China.jpg|thumb|Mmetọ ikuku nke ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe kpatara]] China nwere ọtụtụ nsogbu gburugburu ebe obibi, na-emetụta gburugburu ebe obibi ya yana [[Health|ahụike mmadụ]] nke ukwuu. === Enweghị Mmiri === China na-eche nsogbu mmiri atọ ihu: mmetọ mmiri, ụkọ mmiri na ihe mkpofu mmiri. Nsogbu na akụrụngwa mmiri ga-abụ ihe mgbochi China iji nweta mmepe na-adịgide adịgide na senchiri nke iri abụọ na otu. Gọọmentị amalitela ịnagide nsogbu mmiri kemgbe afọ 1970, na-eguzobe njikwa mmetọ mmiri na ụlọ ọrụ nchekwa gburugburu ebe obibi. China nọ n'ọnọdụ nke ise n'ụwa niile n'ihe gbasara mmiri mana mmiri onye ọ bụla na-enweta bụ ihe na-erughị 1/3 nke nkezi ụwa.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/ER.H2O.INTR.PC|title=Renewable internal fresh water resources per capita (cubic meters)|author=World Bank|date=October 28, 2012}}</ref> Gọọmentị China mejupụtara iwu abụọ iji belata nsogbu ụkọ mmiri; na-akwado South-North Water Diversion Project na imeziwanye arụmọrụ mmiri.<ref name=":52">{{Cite web|url=https://www.brookings.edu/zh-cn/research/%E6%94%BF%E7%AD%96%E7%AE%80%E6%8A%A5%EF%BC%9A%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E6%B0%B4%E8%B5%84%E6%BA%90%E9%97%AE%E9%A2%98%E3%80%81%E6%94%BF%E7%AD%96%E5%92%8C%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB/|title=The problem, policies and politics of water resource in China|author=Moore|first=Scott|date=April 2013|work=Brookings}}</ref> Gọọmentị enyewo ego maka South-North Water Diversion Project, nke na-ezube iweta ijeri cubic mita ịrị anọ na anọ nke mmiri na Beijing na akụkụ ndị ọzọ dị n'ebe ugwu nke China. Ọrụ ahụ ga-akpata ọgba aghara nye ndị bi n'ógbè ahụ na-amanye ịkwaga fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ otu nde mmadụ. A na-eme atụmatụ na ngụkọta ego nke ọrụ a dị ijeri dọla ịrị isii na abụọ .<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal|author=Freeman|first=Carla|date=2011|title=Quenching the Dragon's Thirst: the South-North Water Transfer Project—Old Plumbing for New China?|journal=China Environment Forum Report}}</ref> N'afọ 2010, CCP na Kansụl Steeti setịpụrụ ụkpụrụ iji gbanwee ụzọ iji mmiri eme ihe ma melite arụmọrụ nke mmiri. Gọọmentị etiti etinyela nnukwu ego iji mee ka ojiji mmiri dị mma site n'imelite usoro ịgba mmiri ọrụ ugbo na usoro mmiri dị ọcha n'ime ime obodo.<ref name=":32">{{Cite web|url=http://www.gov.cn/zwgk/2012-02/16/content_2067664.html|title=Guowuyuan guanyu shixing zuiyange shuiziyuan guanli zhidu de yijian|author=Council|first=State|date=February 16, 2012|work=gov.cn}}</ref> [[Usòrò:Water_pollution.svg|thumb|Mmetọ mmiri bụkwa nsogbu na China.]] E wezụga ụkọ mmiri, ịdị mma mmiri bụkwa nsogbu nke metụtara ahụike ọha na eze ma duga na esemokwu ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị.<ref name=":52"/> Naanị ihe na-erughị ọkara nke mmiri niile na-emezu ụkpụrụ mmiri ọṅụṅụ dị mma na China.<ref name=":42">{{Cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-environment-water-idUSTRE66P39H20100726|title=Pollution makes quarter of China water unusable: ministry|author=Stanway|first=David|work=Reuters|date=July 26, 2012}}</ref> E wezụga mmegide ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị n'etiti mpaghara, usoro gọọmentị dị ugbu a bụkwa ihe mgbochi maka nchịkwa mmetọ mmiri.<ref name=":52" /> Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People's Republic of China bụ ozi na-eto eto. A na-enye ya ike dị ala na ndị ọrụ ole na ole karịa ụlọ ọrụ ndị ọzọ dị ugbu a, nke na-eme ka ọ dabere na ụlọ ọrụ nchekwa gburugburu ebe obibi (EPB). Nsogbu bụ na ọ bụghị naanị na EPB dị elu na-achịkwa EPB kamakwa site na gọọmentị ime obodo nke a na-enyocha arụmọrụ ha karịsịa site na mmepe akụ na ụba.<ref name=":62">{{Cite journal|author=Mertha|first=Andrew|date=December 2005|title=China's 'soft' centralization: shifting tiao/kuai authority relations|url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/china-quarterly/article/chinas-soft-centralization-shifting-tiaokuai-authority-relations/70295A675B87106E598FB0F9864A75EC|journal=China Quarterly|volume=184|pages=791–810|doi=10.1017/S0305741005000500}}</ref> Ya mere, gọọmentị ime obodo nwere iwu na-enweghị isi na ụlọ ọrụ ndị na-emepụta mmetọ mmiri. Tụkwasị na nke a, nkwado ego nke EPBs na-abịa site na ịkwụ ụgwọ mmetọ kama nke Ministry of Ecology and Environment, nke na-eme ka o sie ike maka ozi ahụ ijikwa EPBs mpaghara.<ref name=":72">{{Cite journal|author=Jahiel|first=Abigail|date=March 1997|title=The Contradictory Impact of Reform on Environmental Protection in China|url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/china-quarterly/article/the-contradictory-impact-of-reform-on-environmental-protection-in-china/453EC3D7B80474128B65BE65E3886466|journal=The China Quarterly|volume=149|pages=81–103|doi=10.1017/S0305741000043642}}</ref> === Mmetọ ikuku === Ụdị mmetọ dị iche iche amụbaala ka China mepụtara, na-akpata nsogbu gburugburu ebe obibi na ahụike zuru ebe niile.<ref name="NYT032913">{{Cite news|title=Cost of Environmental Damage in China Growing Rapidly Amid Industrialization|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2013/03/30/world/asia/cost-of-environmental-degradation-in-china-is-growing.html|accessdate=March 30, 2013|work=The New York Times|date=March 29, 2013|author=Edward Wong}}</ref> N'ọnwa Jenụwarị afọ 2013, ezigbo ikuku ikuku na-arị elu ruo 993 micrograms kwa cubic mita na Beijing, ma e jiri ya tụnyere ntuziaka World Health Organization nke na-erughị 25.<ref name="orders">{{Cite news|title=Beijing Orders Official Cars Off Roads to Curb Pollution|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/2013-01-12/beijingers-told-to-stay-indoors-as-pollution-hits-record.html|accessdate=27 July 2013|work=Bloomberg|date=14 January 2013|author=Bloomberg News}}</ref> Ụlọ ọrụ dị arọ, nke ụlọ ọrụ gọọmentị na-achịkwa, akwalitewo kemgbe mmalite nke atụmatụ etiti ma ka nwere ọtụtụ ihe ùgwù pụrụ iche dị ka ịnweta ike dị ọnụ ala na mgbazinye ego.<ref>{{Cite news|title=A new epic|url=http://www.economist.com/node/17314578|work=The Economist|publisher=The Economist Newspaper Ltd|accessdate=28 July 2013|date=21 October 2010}}</ref> Ụlọ ọrụ ahụ nwere ike dị ukwuu iji guzogide iwu gburugburu ebe obibi.<ref name="NYT032113">{{Cite news|title=As Pollution Worsens in China, Solutions Succumb to Infighting|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2013/03/22/world/asia/as-chinas-environmental-woes-worsen-infighting-emerges-as-biggest-obstacle.html|accessdate=March 22, 2013|work=The New York Times|date=March 21, 2013|author=Edward Wong}}</ref> Na ngwụcha Ọktọba 2018, gọọmentị China ewepụtala Iwu Mgbochi na Nchịkwa Mmetụta Atmospheric (2018 Amendment), nke a ga-etinye n'ọrụ malite ozugbo.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ilo.org/dyn/natlex/docs/ELECTRONIC/92654/126612/F-1979421844/CHN92654%202018.pdf|title=Atmospheric Pollution Prevention and Control Law of China(2018 Amendment)}}</ref> Ndị ọkachamara kwenyere na ọ bụ ezie na iwu ahụ nwere ntụpọ n'akụkụ ụfọdụ, ọ bụrụ na 80% nke iwu ahụ nwere ike itinye n'ọrụ, ọ ga-eme ka ikuku dị mma. E nyochala iwu a ugboro atọ. Mgbanwe ọhụrụ ahụ ekwupụtala n'ụzọ doro anya na ụlọ ọrụ nke ígwè na ígwè, ihe owuwu, ọla ndị na-abụghị ígwè, mmanụ, na ụlọ ọrụ kemịkal na-ewepụ uzuzu, sulfide, na nitrogen oxides n'oge mmepụta ga-ewebata usoro mmepụta dị ọcha, wuo iwepụ uzuzu na, desulfurization, na ngwá ọrụ denitrification na usoro zuru ezu, ma ọ bụ were mgbanwe teknụzụ na usoro ndị ọzọ iji chịkwaa ikuku na-emetọ ikuku. N'iji ya tụnyere Iwu Nchịkwa Mmetụta Mmiri nke e degharịrị na 2000, mbipụta ọhụrụ ahụ ji okpukpu abụọ mee ka ntinye ahụ dị okpukpu abụọ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cecc.gov/resources/legal-provisions/peoples-republic-of-china-law-on-air-pollution-prevention-2000|title=Air Pollution Prevention and Control Law of the People's Republic of China (2000 Revisions)}}</ref> Ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ iwu niile dị na mbipụta dị ugbu a agbanweela ma degharịa ya iji kwekọọ na ọnọdụ dị ugbu a. Dabere na 2015's China Environmental Bulletin bipụtara site na gọọmentị China, na 2015 ikuku obodo na-akawanye mma. Mmejuputa mbu nke ụkpụrụ ikuku ọhụrụ emeela ka ọnụọgụ nke PM 2.5 belata site na 14.1% ma e jiri ya tụnyere afọ 2014. Ministri na-ahụ maka ego guzobere ego nke ijeri Yuan 10.6 iji melite ikuku na ịchịkwa mmetọ ikuku gburugburu [[Jing-Jin-Ji|Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei]] na mpaghara ndị gbara ya gburugburu, Osimiri Yangtze, na mpaghara ndị ọzọ dị mkpa. Gọọmentị na-akwalite ụgbọala ndị na-enye ume ọhụrụ na mmepụta nke pụkụ narị atọ na pụkụ ịrị itoolu kwa afọ, okpukpu anọ karịa mmepụta na 2014.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=中华人民共和国环境保护部|date=May 9, 2017|title=2015中国环境状况公报|url=http://www.mep.gov.cn/hjzl/zghjzkgb/lnzghjzkgb/201606/P020160602333160471955.pdf|journal=中国环境状况公报|archive-date=February 7, 2017|access-date=May 17, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170207214233/http://www.mep.gov.cn/hjzl/zghjzkgb/lnzghjzkgb/201606/P020160602333160471955.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ihe ndị na-emerụ ahụ na ikuku na China dara 40% site na 2013 ruo 2020.<ref>{{Cite news|date=2022-06-14|title=China Reduced Air Pollution in 7 Years as Much as US Did in Three Decades|language=en|work=Bloomberg.com|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2022-06-14/china-s-clean-air-campaign-is-bringing-down-global-pollution|accessdate=2022-06-17}}</ref> === Mmetọ ala === [[Usòrò:Shenyang_from_International_Space_Station.jpg|thumb|Foto Satellite nke [[Mmetọ aja|mmetọ ala]]]] Nsogbu mmetọ ala, nke bụ mmebi elu ụwa kpatara site na iji ihe onwunwe emebiga ya ókè n'ihi ọrụ mmadụ mere ka ọ ghara ịdị irè. N'ozuzu, ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ 16.1% nke ala China emetọla.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Chen|first=Ruishan|date=2014-05-16|title=China's Soil Pollution: Farms on the Frontline|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_science_2014-05-16_344_6185/page/n27|journal=Science|volume=344|issue=6185|pages=691|doi=10.1126/science.344.6185.691-a|issn=0036-8075|pmid=24833373}}</ref> Mmetọ ndị a emeela ka uto nke ihe ọkụkụ na ahụike mmadụ nwee mmetụta siri ike.<ref name="economist.com">{{Cite news|url=https://www.economist.com/news/briefing/21723128-and-fixing-it-will-be-hard-and-costly-most-neglected-threat-public-health-china|title=The most neglected threat to public health in China is toxic soil|work=The Economist|accessdate=2018-04-24|date=2017-06-08}}</ref> N'ihe gbasara iwu ndị metụtara ya, gọọmentị China kpebiri iji ihe atụ nke mba ndị ọzọ mee ka ọnọdụ obodo dị iche na-aga n"ihu ma jikọta usoro ọchịchị ogologo oge maka nsogbu mmetọ ala. Site na 1980s ruo 1990s, China malitere ịrụ ọrụ na nyocha gburugburu ebe obibi ala site n'ịmalite nchọpụta nke oge a iji kwado [[Ostraliya|Australia]].<ref>{{Cite journal|date=2014-03-01|title=Evolution of soil and water conservation in rain-fed areas of China|journal=International Soil and Water Conservation Research|volume=2|issue=1|pages=78–90|doi=10.1016/S2095-6339(15)30015-0|issn=2095-6339|author=Lingling|first=Li}}</ref> Site na 2000 ruo ugbu a, nsogbu nke mmetọ ala na China abụrụla ihe siri ike.<ref name="economist.com" /> Gọọmentị ejirila nwayọọ nke nta tinye mgbochi na nchịkwa maka nsogbu mmetọ ala na ihe ndị ọzọ gbasara nchedo gburugburu ebe obibi n'ọnọdụ mbụ site n'inye ụgwọ ego iji ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe emetọrọ.<ref name=":13">{{Cite book|title=Twenty Years of Research and Development on Soil Pollution and Remediation in China|author=Lin|first=Yusuo|date=2018|publisher=Springer, Singapore|isbn=9789811060281|pages=55–63|doi=10.1007/978-981-10-6029-8_4}}</ref> China mere nyocha dị mma nke ala n'ụwa niile site na 2005 ruo 2013, ma dịka National Soil Pollution Survey Bulletin wepụtara ya bụ Ministry of Environmental Protection of Chine na 2014, ngụkọta ọnụego oke elu (pasentị karịrị uru kachasị) bụ 16.1%, nke obere, ntakịrị, ọkara na nnukwu ọkwa mmetọ ahụ kele 11.2%, 2.3%, 1.5% na 1.1%.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.legaldaily.com.cn/index_article/content/2013-02/25/content_4221243.htm?node=5955|title=环保部以国家秘密为由不予公开-法制网|work=www.legaldaily.com.cn|accessdate=2018-04-16|archivedate=2018-04-19|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180419053126/http://www.legaldaily.com.cn/index_article/content/2013-02/25/content_4221243.htm?node=5955}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.gov.cn/foot/site1/20140417/782bcb88840814ba158d01.pdf|title=National soil pollution survey, 2014, China}}</ref> Site n'echiche nke nkesa mmetọ, mmetụ ala na ndịda dị arịrị karịa ka ọ nọ n'ebe ugwu. Nsogbu mmetọ ala na mpaghara ụfọdụ dị ka Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River delta, na ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe ochie n'ebe ugwu ọwụwa anyanwụ China siri ike karị. Ala dị na mpaghara ndịda ọdịda anyanwụ na nke etiti ebe ahụ agafeela oke elu nke metal siri ike.<ref>{{Cite journal|date=2018-02-01|title=Heavy metal pollution and health risk assessment of agricultural soils in a typical peri-urban area in southeast China|journal=Journal of Environmental Management|volume=207|pages=159–168|doi=10.1016/j.jenvman.2017.10.072|pmid=29174991|issn=0301-4797|author=Huang|first=Ying}}</ref> Ihe dị n'ime ihe anọ na-emetọ ikuku dịka cadmium, mercury, arsenic, na ọkpụite ejirila nwayọọ ngwa mụbaa site n'ebe ugwu ọdịda anyanwụ China ruo ndịda Ọwụwa Anyanwụ Chine nakwa si n'ebe ugwu ọwụwa Anụlịina gaa Ndị Ningizimu Ebe Ugwu. Na June 2017, Ministri nke Nchebe Gburugburu Ebe Obibi kwuru na China ga-eguzoba usoro ọrụ ka mma, gaa n'ihu ime nchọpụta banyere mmetọ ala, kwalite mmeziwanye sistemụ iwu, ma soro National People's Congress rụkọọọ aka kpamkpam maka Iwu nchịkwa ikuku.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.gov.cn/xinwen/2017-06/21/content_5204423.htm|title=环境保护部介绍2016年以来土壤环境管理工作进展情况_新闻发布_中国政府网|author=王洋|work=www.gov.cn|accessdate=2018-04-16|archivedate=2018-04-18|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180418230232/http://www.gov.cn/xinwen/2017-06/21/content_5204423.htm}}</ref> N'afọ 2019, Iwu Mgbochi na Njikwa Mmetọ Ala nke People's Republic of China malitere.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Kai|first=Xu|date=August 12, 2022|title=Codification and Prospect of China's Codification of Environmental Law from the Perspective of Global Environmental Governance|url=https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/19/16/9978/pdf?version=1660311612|journal=International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health|pages=8}}</ref> N'okpuru iwu a, ndị na-achịkwa nwere ike ịchọ ka ha dozie ala ugbo (ma ọ bụrụ na mmetọ ahụ dị n'ihe ọkụkụ e nwetara gafere ọkwa akọwapụtara) nakwa maka ụlọ ọrụ ihe owuwu.<ref name=":8">{{Cite web|title=Environmental Law and Practice in China: Overview {{!}} Practical Law|url=https://content.next.westlaw.com/practical-law/document/I020626f01cb611e38578f7ccc38dcbee/Environmental-Law-and-Practice-in-China-Overview?viewType=FullText&transitionType=Default&contextData=(sc.Default)|accessdate=2022-08-14|work=content.next.westlaw.com|language=en-US}}</ref> Iwu ahụ na-eguzobe ego gọọmentị tinyere maka mgbochi mmetọ ala ugbo, yana njikwa ihe ize ndụ nke ụwa ma ọ bụ onye ọrụ ya enweghị ike ịmata.<ref name=":8" /> === Ọzara === Ọzara ala bụ nsogbu ọzọ na-akpata gburugburu ebe obibi. Nnyocha ala nke State Forestry Administration of China mere site na 2013 ruo 2016 gosiri na 2.61 × 106 km2 nke mba ahụ, bụ ihe karịrị otu ụzọ n'ụzọ anọ nke ókèala niile dị ka ọzara.<ref name=":2">{{Cite journal|author=Wang|first=Xuyang|date=2021-02-22|title=Temporal and Spatial Variations in NDVI and Analysis of the Driving Factors in the Desertified Areas of Northern China From 1998 to 2015|journal=Frontiers in Environmental Science|volume=9|pages=633020|doi=10.3389/fenvs.2021.633020|issn=2296-665X}}</ref> Ala kpọrọ nkụ, ala na-adịghị mmiri ozuzo nke dị n'ebe ugwu na Northwest China mejupụtara ihe ka ukwuu ná mpaghara ahụ metụtara. Ọzara enweela mmetụta na-erute aka, nke mere ka gburugburu ebe obibi mebie ihe ndị dị ndụ n'ebe ahụ. Ala ọzara na-eme ka e nwee ike ịmepụta mmiri ozuzo nke nwere ahụike ndị bi n'ime ime obodo dị nso. Ka ọzara na-agbasa, ọ na-eme ka ala ghara ịkpa ugbo ma bụrụ nke a naghị adaba maka mmepe, na-akpata ịda ogbenye na ụkọ nri.<ref name=":4">{{Cite journal|author=Feng|first=Qi|date=3 December 2015|title=What Has Caused Desertification in China?|journal=Scientific Reports|language=en|volume=5|issue=1|pages=15998|doi=10.1038/srep15998|issn=2045-2322|pmid=26525278}}</ref> Nsogbu dị ugbu a bụ n'ihi njikọta nke ihe ndị mmadụ na gburugburu ebe obibi. Mgbukpọ ahịhịa nke ọnọdụ mmiri na-adịghị mma kpatara, mgbanwe ihu igwe mere ka ụkọ ọkọchị kpata ya, yana ọrụ mmadụ ndị a na-apụghị ịnagide ibe ha dị ka oke anụ ụlọ, ugbo, na mgbụsị akwụkwọ osisi, na-ekpughe ala ahụ ugboro maka mbuze mmiri na ikuku.<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":4" /> Iji lụso ọzara ọgụ, China etinyela ọtụtụ iwu na mmemme mweghachi. A na-enye iwu iji gbochie igbu osisi, ọrụ ugbo, na ịta anụmanụ n'ebe ndị nwere nnukwu ihe ize ndụ nke ọzara, iguzobe ebe ndị a dị ka nchekwa gburugburu ụwa.<ref name=":2"/> N'ógbè ndị gbara ala ọzara gburugburu, a na-emepụta nnukwu ọhịa nchebe na eriri mgbaba site n'usoro ihe omume dị ka Three-Norths Shelter Forest Construction Program iji belata mmetụta nke ikuku. Kemgbe afọ 1999, Ngalaba Na-ahụ Maka Ọhịa na-enye ndị ọrụ ugbo ụgwọ ọnwa maka ha kụrụ osisi kama ihe ọkụkụ, yana ire ala mba nye mmadụ n'otu ebe iji dozie uru akụnụba.ref name=":3" //> N'afọ 2002, e webatara Iwu Mgbochi na Njikwa Ájá iji kwalite mmepe dịgide adị ndụ n'ógbè ndị ọzara, gbaa ume ka osisi rụọ ọrụ ma guzobe ụlọ akwụkwọ ahịhịa dịka ebe ịta nri nke ọma na mmiri emepụta ọgwụ. Iwu a na-enweta nkwado dị ukwuu site n'aka ndị bi ebe ahụ ka ọ bụkwa ihe kpatara uto akụnụba mpaghara. Ndị bi na Ọzara Kubuqi, dịka ọmụmaatụ, enweela mmụba ego ha nwetara kwa afọ site na dọla ịrị ise na isii ruo dọla pụkụ abụọ n'ihe na-erughị afọ ịrị atọ.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Lyu|first=Yanli|date=2020-04-17|title=Desertification Control Practices in China|journal=Sustainability|language=en|volume=12|issue=8|pages=3258|doi=10.3390/su12083258|issn=2071-1050}}</ref> === Ịmepụta Coal n'ụzọ gabigara ókè === Ka ọ dị ugbu a, China bụ onye na-azụ ahịa ma bụrụkwa onye kachasị emepụta coal n'ụwa niile. Ọ dịla anya a na-akọwa onyinye ike ahụ nọ n'China dịka coal bara ọgaranya ma gas.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Liu|first=Pingkuo|date=2022-11-01|title=Strategic analysis and framework design on international cooperation for energy transition: A perspective from China|journal=Energy Reports|language=en|volume=8|pages=2601–2616|doi=10.1016/j.egyr.2022.01.173|issn=2352-4847}}</ref> Nkwado a na coal sitere n'ọtụtụ ihe onwunwe ma obere ego dị ka gas okike na mmanụ ala. N'afọ 2006, 5.85% nke GDP China sitere na coal.<ref name=":10">{{Cite web|date=2012-11-19|title=The True Cost of Coal (full report)|url=https://www.understandchinaenergy.org/greenpeace-chinathe-china-sustainable-energy-programwwf-china-main-authors-mao-yushi-sheng-hong-yang-fuqiang-2010-the-true-cost-of-coal-full-report/|accessdate=2022-08-22|work=www.understandchinaenergy.org|archivedate=2022-08-22|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220822222348/https://www.understandchinaenergy.org/greenpeace-chinathe-china-sustainable-energy-programwwf-china-main-authors-mao-yushi-sheng-hong-yang-fuqiang-2010-the-true-cost-of-coal-full-report/}}</ref> Nnukwu ọchịchọ na-eduga n'igwupụta coal. Mmebi gburugburu ebe obibi bụ otu n'ime mmejọ kachasị njọ nke igwu coal kpatara na China. Igwu ala gabigara ókè na-akpata ọdịda nke ụwa ma daa. N'ógbè ndị nwere ọtụtụ akụrụngwa coal dị ka obodo Huainan na Anhui Province, ala ahụ nọgidere bụrụ nke a ma ama n'ihi ogbunigwe.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Zhang|first=Zhengjia|date=2015-12-02|title=Analysis of ground subsidence at a coal-mining area in Huainan using time-series InSAR|url=https://doi.org/10.1080/01431161.2015.1109725|journal=International Journal of Remote Sensing|volume=36|issue=23|pages=5790–5810|doi=10.1080/01431161.2015.1109725|issn=0143-1161}}</ref> Mmetụta ala na-ebibi ụlọ, okporo ụzọ, àkwà mmiri, na ihe owuwu ọkụ eletrik n'ebe ndị a na-egwupụta coal. Ka ọ na-erule Disemba 3, 2006, ebe a na-egwupụta coral mepụtara hekta pụkụ narị ịrị asaa nke ala n'ụwa niile ma nwee mmebi zuru ezu ruru ijeri yuan ịrị ise.<ref name=":10"/> N'echiche, iji gwupụta nde tọn coal iri, ọ dị mkpa ka a kpọpụ mmadụ pụkụ abụọ n'ebe ndị na-egwuputa coal. Iji gbanwee usoro nke iji ike eme ihe ma belata mmebi n'ihi igwupụta coal, gọọmentị China wepụtara iwu abụọ: Iwu Coal of the People Republic of Chine na West-East Gas Pipeline Project. E guzobere Iwu Coal nke People's Republic of China maka ebumnuche iji mee ka ụlọ ọrụ coal dị na Chine bụrụ ihe iwu kwadoro.<ref>{{Cite web|title=中华人民共和国煤炭法_中国人大网|url=http://www.npc.gov.cn/zgrdw/npc/xinwen/2011-04/25/content_1653737.htm|accessdate=2022-08-23|work=www.npc.gov.cn}}</ref> Ọ na-enyere aka ichebe ihe onwunwe coal, ịchịkwa mmepụta Coal na ọrụ azụmahịa, ma kwalite ma hụ maka ọganihu nke ụlọ ahịa kool. E tinyere Iwu Coal nke People's Republic of China n'ọrụ kemgbe Disemba 1, 1996. West-East Gas Pipeline Project na-elekwasị anya n'ibubata gas sitere n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ gaa n'akụkụ ọwụwa anyanwụ nke China site na pipelines. Akụkụ ọdịda anyanwụ nke China nwere isi ọdọ mmiri mmanụ isii, gụnyere Tarim Basin, Junggar Basin, Turpan Basin, Qaidam Basin, Ordos Basin na Sichuan Basin. Kemgbe afọ 1990, ndị na-achọ mmanụ achọpụtala ebe nchekwa petroleum dị iche iche dịka Kela 2, Hotanhe, Yaha, Yangtuke, Yingmai 7, Yudong 2 n'akụkụ ọdịda anyanwụ nke ọdọ mmiri Tarim.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.apple.com/us/book/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E5%B8%88%E5%8F%B2-%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%89%E5%8D%B7-%E5%88%9B%E6%96%B0%E8%B6%85%E8%B6%8A-%E5%BD%93%E4%BB%A3%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E5%B8%88%E7%BE%A4%E4%BD%93%E7%9A%84%E5%B4%9B%E8%B5%B7%E4%B8%8E%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E6%88%90%E5%B0%B1/id1533558201|title=‎中国工程师史 第三卷 创新超越:当代工程师群体的崛起与工程成就|language=en-US|archive-date=2022-08-23|access-date=2023-05-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220823023719/https://books.apple.com/us/book/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E5%B8%88%E5%8F%B2-%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%89%E5%8D%B7-%E5%88%9B%E6%96%B0%E8%B6%85%E8%B6%8A-%E5%BD%93%E4%BB%A3%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E5%B8%88%E7%BE%A4%E4%BD%93%E7%9A%84%E5%B4%9B%E8%B5%B7%E4%B8%8E%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E6%88%90%E5%B0%B1/id1533558201|url-status=dead}}</ref> Mgbe e guzobere ọrụ ahụ na 2000, ọdọ mmiri nke mpaghara KuqaïTabei nke Tarim Basin nwere ngụkọta gas sitere n'okike nke 393.522 ijeri cubic mita, ebe 285.471 iji mee ihe. Karịsịa, Kela 2, Yangtake, Yingmai 7, Yudong, Yaha, Jilac, Yakela bụ isi ebe nchekwa. Ogige gas asaa dị n'elu nwere ngụkọta nke 380.534 ijeri cubic mita ebe 2704.02 100 nde cubic meters enwere ike iji.<ref>{{Cite web|title=西气东输-财经百科-财秘|url=https://www.ucaimi.com/wiki/term/%E8%A5%BF%E6%B0%94%E4%B8%9C%E8%BE%93|accessdate=2022-08-23|work=www.ucaimi.com}}</ref> Netwọk mba a na-enye ngwọta maka ọdịiche dị n'etiti gas akụrụngwa na China ma nyere aka idozi mkpa ya ngwa ngwa nke ike. Kemgbe mmejuputa nke paịpụ a na Febụwarị, 2000, ọrụ a belatara China ịdabere n'ụzọ dị irè.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Wu|first=Jian|date=2022-04-01|title=Impacts of the West–East Gas Pipeline Project on energy conservation and emission reduction: empirical evidence from Hubei province in Central China|url=https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-18427-w|journal=Environmental Science and Pollution Research|language=en|volume=29|issue=19|pages=28149–28165|doi=10.1007/s11356-021-18427-w|pmid=34988817|issn=1614-7499}}</ref> Ka ọ na-erule 2021, West-East Gas Pipeline nyere aka belata ojiji nke coal ọkọlọtọ site na nde 932 metric ton, ibelatara carbon dioxide gas emissions site na ijeri tọn 1.02 ma wepụ uzuzu carbonoxy ruo 508 million tons.<ref>{{Cite web|title=China's west-east gas transmission project contributes to low-carbon development|url=http://english.www.gov.cn/news/topnews/202201/02/content_WS61d1ac5fc6d09c94e48a311f.html#:~:text=Over%20the%20past%20years,%20the,hectares%20of%20broad-leaved%20forests|accessdate=2022-08-23|work=english.www.gov.cn}}</ref> == Mmetụta == Nlekọta gburugburu ebe obibi nke China nyere aka na nsogbu gburugburu ya. A chọtara iri na isii n'ime obodo abụọ kachasị emetọ ụwa na China n'afọ 2013, mana kemgbe ahụ, ọ belatara naanị otu ebe dị ka nke 19 a katọrọ nzaghachi gọọmentị dịka ezughi oke.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.who.int/data/gho/data/themes/topics/topic-details/GHO/ambient-air-pollution|title=Ambient air pollution}}</ref><ref name="grows"/><ref name="orders"/><ref name="weighs"/> Akụkọ gọọmentị wepụtara na 2014, chọpụtara na 20% nke ala ugbo mba ahụ, na 16% nke ala ya n'ozuzu. A na-eme atụmatụ 60% nke mmiri dị n'okpuru ala.<ref name="largefines"/> Dị ka U.S. Environmental Protection Agency si kwuo, China egosila mkpebi siri ike "ịmepụta, itinye n'ọrụ ma tinye usoro iwu gburugburu ebe obibi" Otú ọ dị, mmetụta nke mgbalị ndị a edoghị anya.<ref>EPA, [https://web.archive.org/web/20120915085101/http://www.epa.gov/ogc/china/initiative_home.htm China Environmental Law Initiative].</ref> A na-akpọ nkwekọrịta nke ndị China na gburugburu ebe obibi dị ka otu n'ime ihe kachasị mkpa mba ahụ.<ref name="NRDC">NRDC, [https://web.archive.org/web/20160315044053/http://www.nrdc.org/international/ochinalaw.asp Environmental Law in China]</ref> Òtù mba ụwa kpọrọ mmezigharị iwu ahụ e mere n'ọnwa Eprel afọ 2014 ọganihu dị mma, mana ha dọrọ aka ná ntị ịhụ ka Iwu ndị a ga-emejuputa bụ ihe ịma aka.<ref name="VOA"/> N'ihi na China enweghị usoro iwu zuru oke, ndị isi ụlọ ọrụ ahụ dabere n'omume gburugburu ebe obibi ha karịsịa maka nghọta banyere ndị nchịkwa karịa nchegbu gbasara nsogbu ikpe, dị ka nnyocha 2014 bipụtara na Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory si kwuo. Otu onye isi a gbara ajụjụ ọnụ kwuru na iwu gburugburu ebe obibi nke China bụ ihe zuru oke mana ọ ka dị, ya mere ndị ọrụ obodo nwere nghọta buru ibu n'ihe gbasara mmanye. Ọ bụrụ na ndị isi obodo chere na ndị ọrụ mpaghara nwere ike ilekwasị ụlọ ahịa ha anya maka mmanye, o yikarịrị ka ọ ga-eme ihe omume dị iche iche, dịka ịmepụta usoro nchịkwa gburugburu ebe obibi a pụrụ iji kwado ya ma ghara ịbụ nke bụ isi, dị ka imegharị mkpofu.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://journalistsresource.org/studies/international/china/regulatory-compliance-evidence-from-china|title=Compliance with environmental regulations when the rule of law is weak: Evidence from China}} JournalistsResource.org, retrieved July 30, 2014</ref> == Hụkwa == * Belt and Road Initiative International Green Development Coalition * Mmiri na-enwu gbaa na ugwu ndị na-acha akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ * Mgbasa gburugburu ebe obibi na China * Mgbanwe ihu igwe na China * Arụmụka banyere ibu ọrụ akụ na ụba China maka ibelata mgbanwe ihu igwe == Edensibia == <references responsive="0"></references> [[Òtù:Amuma gburugburu ebe obibi na China]] [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] ex7olgcd3xu9mduakxa9xk4s09ad4mz 0 26381 727427 720155 2026-09-23T16:01:34Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727427 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Asbestos (/æsˈbɛstəs, æzˈ-, -tɒs/ ass-BEST-əs, az-, -⁠oss) bụ mineral silicate fibrous na emekarị. Enwere ụdị isii, nke niile mejupụtara kristal fibrous ogologo na nke dị gịrịgịrị, eriri ọ bụla mejupụtara ọtụtụ "fibrils" microscopic nke enwere ike ịhapụ ikuku site na abrasion na usoro ndị ọzọ. iku ume nke eriri asbestos nwere ike ibute ọnọdụ ngụgụ dị egwu dị iche iche, gụnyere mesothelioma, asbestosis, na ọrịa kansa akpa ume. N'ihi mmetụta ahụike ndị a, a na ewere asbestos dị ka nnukwu ihe egwu ahụike na nchekwa. .<ref name="kazan">{{Cite web|author=Kazan-Allen|first=Laurie|date=2 May 2002|title=Asbestos: Properties, Uses and Problems|url=http://ibasecretariat.org/lka_prop.php|publisher=International Ban Asbestos Secretariat}}</ref>Ọmụmụ ihe mgbe ochie achọpụtala ihe àmà nke asbestos na eji ihe dị ka n'oge Nkume Age iji mee ka ite seramiiki sie ike, ma ngwuputa ihe dị ukwuu malitere na njedebe nke narị afọ nke 19 mgbe ndị na emepụta ihe na ndị na ewu ụlọ malitere iji asbestos maka ihe anụ ahụ na achọsi ike. Asbestos bụ ihe mkpuchi ọkụ na ọkụ eletrik mara mma, yana ọkụ na eguzogide ya nke ukwuu, yabụ n'ime narị afọ nke 20, a na ejikarị ya eme ihe n'ụwa niile dị ka ihe eji ewu ụlọ, ruo mgbe a nabatara mmetụta ọjọọ ya na ahụike mmadụ n'ọtụtụ ebe. Afọ 1970. A na eche na ọtụtụ ụlọ ọgbara ọhụrụ e wuru tupu afọ 1980 nwere asbestos Eji asbestos maka ihe owuwu na mkpuchi ọkụ emewo iwu megidere iwu n'ọtụtụ mba. N'agbanyeghị nke a, ọ dịkarịa ala, a na eche na mmadụ 100,000 na anwụ kwa afọ site na ọrịa ndị metụtara ikpughe asbestos. N'otu akụkụ, nke a bụ n'ihi na ọtụtụ ụlọ ochie ka nwere asbestos; na mgbakwunye, nsonaazụ nke ikpughe nwere ike were ọtụtụ iri afọ ibili. Ọrịa ndị a na ahụkarị na ejikọta ya na mkpughe asbestos na adịghị ala ala bụ asbestosis (ụfụ nke ngụgụ n'ihi iku ume asbestos) na mesothelioma (ụdị ọrịa kansa) Ọtụtụ mba ndị ka na emepe emepe ka na akwado iji asbestos dị ka ihe owuwu ụlọ, na ngwuputa asbestos na aga n'ihu, ebe onye na emepụta ihe kacha elu, Russia, nwere atụmatụ mmepụta nke 790,000 tonne na 2020 == Etymology == Okwu ahụ bụ "asbestos", nke mbụ e ji mee ihe na 1600s, n'ikpeazụ na enweta site na Greek oge ochie: ἄσβεστος, nke pụtara "enweghị ike imenyụ" ma ọ bụ "enweghị ike imenyụ emenyụ". Aha ahụ na egosipụta iji ihe ahụ eme ihe maka wicks nke na agaghị ere ọkụ..<ref name="Alleman&Mossman1997">{{Cite journal|date=July 1997|author=Alleman, James E.|title=Asbestos Revisited|journal=[[Scientific American]]|pages=54–57|url=http://virlab.virginia.edu/Nanoscience_class/lecture_notes/Lecture_14_Materials/Asbestos_CNT/Sci%20Am%20-%20Asbestos%20Revisited%20-%20July%201997.pdf|accessdate=26 November 2010|volume=277|issue=1|doi=10.1038/scientificamerican0797-70|archive-date=3 June 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100603095555/http://www.virlab.virginia.edu/Nanoscience_class/lecture_notes/Lecture_14_Materials/Asbestos_CNT/Sci%20Am%20-%20Asbestos%20Revisited%20-%20July%201997.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="Bostock&Riley1856">{{Cite book|year=1856|author=Bostock, John|chapter=Asbestinon|chapterurl=https://archive.org/stream/naturalhistoryof04plinrich#page/137/mode/1up/search/asbestinon|title=The Natural History of Pliny|location=London|publisher=Henry G. Bohn|url=https://archive.org/stream/naturalhistoryof04plinrich#page/n3/mode/2up|accessdate=26 November 2010|authorlink=John Bostock (physician)}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|title=Shorter Oxford English Dictionary|url=https://archive.org/details/shorteroxfordeng00will_0|publisher=Oxford University Press|edition=5th|year=2002|isbn=978-0-19-860457-0}}</ref><ref name="Alleman&Mossman1997" /> <ref>{{Cite web|title=asbestos|url=https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/asbestos|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190321081058/https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/asbestos|archivedate=21 March 2019|work=Oxford Living Dictionaries|publisher=Oxford University Press|accessdate=21 March 2019}}</ref>A nabatara ya n'asụsụ Bekee site na Old French abestos, nke n'aka nke ya nwetara okwu sitere na Grik site na Latin, ma na Grik mbụ, ọ na ezo aka na ngwa ngwa. Akwụkwọ ọkọwa okwu Oxford kwuru na ọ bụ Pliny ji mee ihe n’ụzọ na ezighị ezi maka asbestos, bụ́ onye mere ka echiche na ezighị ezi gbasaa. A na akpọ asbestos n'asụsụ Grik dị ka amiantos, nke pụtara "emerughị ihe", n'ihi na ọ dịghị akara mgbe a tụbara ya n'ime ọkụ. Nke a bụ isi mmalite maka okwu asbestos n'ọtụtụ asụsụ, dị ka Portuguese amianto na French amiante. A na akpọkwa ya "amiant" na Bekee na mmalite narị afọ nke 15, mana "asbestos" nọchiri ojiji a. A na akpọ okwu a /æsˈbɛstəs/ ma ọ bụ /æsˈbɛstɒs == History == .<ref name="Education1979">{{Cite book|author=United States Congress. House Committee on Education and Labor. Subcommittee on Elementary, Secondary, and Vocational Education|date=1979|title=Oversight Hearings on Asbestos Health Hazards to Schoolchildren: Hearings Before the Subcommittee on Elementary, Secondary, and Vocational Education of the Committee on Education and Labor, House of Representatives, Ninety-sixth Congress, First Session, on H.R. 1435 and H.R. 1524|publisher=U.S. Government Printing Office|oclc=1060686493|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=aVrRAAAAMAAJ}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=Kazan-Allen|first=Laurie|title=Current Asbestos Bans|url=http://ibasecretariat.org/alpha_ban_list.php|work=International Ban Asbestos Secretariat|accessdate=10 August 2022}}</ref><ref name="TaylorCullinanBlanc2016">{{Cite book|author=Anthony Newman Taylor|date=25 November 2016|title=Parkes' Occupational Lung Disorders|publisher=CRC Press|isbn=978-1-4822-4142-6|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Us9BDgAAQBAJ|accessdate=10 August 2022}}</ref>Ndị mmadụ ejirila asbestos kemgbe ọtụtụ puku afọ mepụta ihe na agbanwe agbanwe nke na eguzogide ọkụ, gụnyere akwa akwa, ma, n'oge a, ụlọ ọrụ malitere ịmepụta ngwa ahịa nke nwere asbestos n'ọtụtụ ụlọ ọrụ. Taa, ndị mmadụ na amata ihe ize ndụ ahụike nke asbestos nwere; Amachibidoro iji asbestos kpam kpam na mba 55 ma na achịkwa nke ọma n'ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ. === Early references and uses === Asbestos na eji ụbọchị azụ ma ọ dịkarịa ala afọ 4,500, mgbe ndị bi na mpaghara ọdọ mmiri Juojärvi dị na East Finland wusiri ite ụrọ na arịa esi nri na asbestos mineral anthophyllite (lee Asbestos ceramic). Otu n'ime nkọwa mbụ nke ihe nwere ike ịbụ asbestos dị na Theophrastus, On Stones, site na gburugburu 300 BC, ọ bụ ezie na a jụrụ ajụjụ a njirimara. Na Grik nke oge a na nke oge ochie, aha a na akpọkarị maka ihe a maara n'asụsụ bekee dị ka "asbestos" bụ amiantos ("adịghị emerụ emerụ", "dị ọcha"), nke emegharịrị na French dị ka amiante na n'ime Spanish na Portuguese dị ka amianto. N'asụsụ Grik ọgbara ọhụrụ, okwu a bụ ἀσβεστος ma ọ bụ ασβέστης na eguzo mgbe niile na naanị maka lime Okwu asbestos bụ nke onye Rom na ahụ maka ihe okike si n'aka Pliny the Elder dere na narị afọ mbụ Natural History na ojiji o ji okwu asbestinon, nke pụtara "enweghị ike imenyụ". Ọ bụ ezie na a na ekwukarị na Pliny ma ọ bụ nwa nwanne ya Pliny nke Nta na amata mmetụta dị njọ nke asbestos na ụmụ mmadụ, nyocha nke isi mmalite na egosi na ọ nweghị nkwado maka nkwupụta ọ bụla Athanasius na Alexandria, Egypt n'ihe dị ka 318 AD dere, sị, "Akụkụ nke ọkụ ga ere ọkụ. Ya mere, ka e were ya na e nwere ihe dị ka asbestos India bụ nke a na ekwu na ọ bụ, nke na atụghị egwu na a ga ere ya ọkụ, kama kama nke ahụ. gosipụtara enweghị ike nke ọkụ ahụ site n'igosi na ya enweghị ike ire ere. Ọ bụrụ na onye ọ bụla nwere obi abụọ na nke a bụ eziokwu, naanị ihe ọ ga eme bụ itinye onwe ya n'ihe a na ekwu ma metụ ọkụ ahụ aka." .Ndị Peshia bara ọgaranya tụrụ ndị ọbịa n’anya site n’ihi ákwà ọcha site n’ikpughe ya n’ọkụ. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, dịka Tabari siri kwuo, otu n'ime ihe na achọsi ike nke Khosrow II Parviz, nnukwu eze Sassanian (r. 590-628), bụ akwa akwa (Persian: منديل) nke ọ na ehichapụ nanị site n'ịtụba ya n'ọkụ. Ekwenyere na ọ bụ asbestos a na ebubata n'okpukpu Hindu Kush mere akwa dị otú ahụ. Dị ka Biruni si kwuo n’akwụkwọ ya bụ́ Gems, a na akpọ ákwà ọ bụla e ji asbestos (Persian: آذرشست, āzarshost) mee shostakeh (Persian: شستكه). Ụfọdụ ndị Peshia kwenyere na eriri ahụ bụ ajị anụ nke a na akpọ samandar (Persian: سمندر), nke bi n'ọkụ wee nwụọ mgbe a kpughepụrụ ya na mmiri; Nke a bụ ebe nkwenye mbụ sitere na salamander nwere ike ịnagide ọkụ. .Charlemagne, Eze Ukwu Rom Dị Nsọ nke mbụ (800–814), ka ekwuru na o nwere ákwà tebụl e ji asbestos mee. Marco Polo na akọ na egosila ya, n'ebe ọ na-akpọ Ghinghin talas, "ezigbo akwara nke a na esi na ya mee ákwà nke anyị na akpọ salamander, nke a na apụghị ire ọkụ ma ọ bụrụ na a tụba ya n'ime ọkụ ..." Ụfọdụ ndị ọkà mmụta ihe ochie kweere na ndị oge ochie na eji asbestos, bụ́ ebe ha na akpọ ozu ndị eze ha ọkụ iji chekwaa ntụ ha, nakwa ka a ghara ịgwakọta ntụ ya na osisi ma ọ bụ ihe ndị ọzọ na ere ọkụ nke a na ejikarị eme ozu ozu. Ndị ọzọ na ekwu na ndị oge ochie na eji asbestos eme wicks na adịgide adịgide maka ili ma ọ bụ oriọna ndị ọzọ. Ihe atụ ama ama bụ oriọna ọla edo asbestos lychnis, nke onye na ese ihe Callimachus mere maka Erechtheion. Na narị afọ ndị na adịbeghị anya, e ji asbestos mee ihe n'ezie === Industrial era == .<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.clydebankasbestos.org/index.php?page=asbestos-clydebank|title=Asbestos & Clydebank|publisher=Clydebank Asbestos Group|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140606230508/http://www.clydebankasbestos.org/index.php?page=asbestos-clydebank|archivedate=6 June 2014}}</ref>Ụlọ ọrụ asbestos buru ibu malitere n'etiti narị afọ nke 19. Mgbalị mbụ n'imepụta akwụkwọ asbestos na akwa na Italy malitere n'afọ ndị 1850 mana enweghị ihe ịga nke ọma n'ịmepụta ahịa maka ngwaahịa ndị dị otú ahụ. E gosipụtara ụdị asbestos nke Canada na [[London]] na 1862, e hiwere ụlọ ọrụ mbụ na England na Scotland iji jiri akụ a mee ihe. A na eji asbestos eme ihe na mbụ n'ichepụta yarn, onye ọrụ mmepụta ihe German bụ Louis Wertheim nakweere usoro a n'ụlọ ọrụ ya na Germany. Na 1871, e hiwere Patent Asbestos Manufacturing Company na Glasgow, na n'ime iri afọ ndị sochirinụ, mpaghara Clydebank ghọrọ ebe etiti maka ụlọ ọrụ na amalite [[Usòrò:Asbestos,_Quebec,_Canada.jpg|thumb|shọvel ike Canada kacha na ebu ụgbọ oloko ore nwere asbestos na Jeffrey Mine, Johns Manville Co., Asbestos, Quebec, June 1944]] Ngwuputa ihe ngwuputa ihe malitere na Thetford hills, Quebec, site na 1870s. Sir William Edmond Logan bụ onye mbụ hụrụ nnukwu ego nke chrysotile n'ugwu n'ike ya dị ka onye isi nyocha Geological Survey nke Canada. E gosipụtara ihe atụ nke mineral ndị si n'ebe ahụ na London ma kpalite mmasị dị ukwuu. Na mmeghe nke Quebec Central Railway na 1876, ndị ọchụnta ego na egwupụta akụ dịka Andrew Stuart Johnson guzobere ụlọ ọrụ asbestos na mpaghara ahụ. Mpụta 50 ton nke ogbunigwe na 1878 ruru ihe karịrị tọn 10,000 na 1890 site na nnabata nke teknụzụ igwe na mmepụta gbasaa. Ruo ogologo oge, ogbunigwe asbestos kasị ukwuu n'ụwa bụ ogbunigwe Jeffrey nke dị n'obodo Asbestos, Quebec [[Usòrò:Asbestos_iron_ad.jpg|áká_èkpè|thumb|Ngwa nke asbestos mụbara na njedebe nke narị afọ nke 19 nke a bụ mgbasa ozi maka ígwè uwe nwere akwa asbestos sitere na 1906.]] Mmepụta Asbestos malitere na Urals nke Alaeze Ukwu Russia na 1880s, yana mpaghara Alpine nke Northern Italy na nguzobe na Turin nke Italo English Pure Asbestos Company na 1876, n'agbanyeghị na n'oge na adịghị anya nke a swamped site na nnukwu mmepụta ọkwa sitere na Canada. ogbunigwe. Ngwuputa eweputara na South Africa site na 1893 n'okpuru ikike nke onye ọchụnta ego Britain Francis Oates, onye isi ụlọ ọrụ De Beers. Ọ bụ na South Africa ka mmepụta nke amosite malitere na 1910. Ụlọ ọrụ asbestos nke United States malitere mmalite na 1858 mgbe a na egwupụta fibrous anthophyllite maka iji ya mee ihe dị ka ihe mkpuchi asbestos site n'aka Johns Company, onye bu ya ụzọ Johns Manville ugbu a, n'ebe a na agbari agbawa. na Ward's Hill na Staten Island, New York. Mmepụta US malitere nke ọma na 1899 site na nchọpụta nnukwu ego na Belvidere Mountain Ojiji nke asbestos bịara na agbasawanye na njedebe nke narị afọ nke 19 mgbe ngwa ya dị iche iche gụnyere ihe mkpuchi ọkụ, ihe, brik, ọkpọkọ na simenti ọkụ, okpomọkụ, ọkụ, na gaskets na eguzogide acid, mkpuchi ọkpọkọ, mkpuchi ụlọ. , mgbidi akọrọ na adịghị ọkụ, ala ala, mkpuchi ụlọ, arịa ụlọ ahịhịa, na ngwakọta nkwonkwo nkụ. Na 2011, a kọrọ na ihe karịrị 50% nke ụlọ UK ka nwere asbestos, n'agbanyeghị mmachibido iwu nke ngwaahịa asbestos afọ ole na ole gara aga. Na [[Japan]], karịsịa mgbe [[World War II|Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ]] gasịrị, a na eji asbestos na emepụta ammonium sulfate maka nzube nke mmepụta osikapa, fesa n'elu ụlọ, ọkpụkpụ ígwè, na mgbidi nke ụgbọ okporo ígwè na ụlọ (n'oge 1960), ma jiri ya rụọ ọrụ ike. ihe kpatara ya. Mmepụta nke asbestos na Japan ruru ọnụ ọgụgụ kasị elu na 1974 wee gafere na mgbada ruo ihe dị ka 1990 mgbe mmepụta malitere ibelata nke ukwuu. === Discovery of toxicity ===   Na 1899, H. Montague Murray kwuru mmetụta na adịghị mma nke asbestos. Ọnwụ mbụ e dekọrọ gbasara asbestos bụ na 1906. Na mmalite 1900s, ndị nchọpụta malitere ịhụ ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu nke ọnwụ n'oge na nsogbu ngụgụ na obodo asbestos mining. Ọ bụ Murray mere ọmụmụ ihe mbụ dị otú ahụ na Charing Cross Hospital, London, na 1900, bụ́ nke nnyocha e mere n’afọ nwụsịrị, chọpụtara akara asbestos n’akpa ume nke otu nwa okorobịa nwụrụ n’ihi fibrosis akpa ume mgbe ọ rụsịrị ọrụ afọ 14 na akwa asbestos. ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe. Adelaide Anderson, Onye Na enyocha Ụlọ Ọrụ Na Britain, tinyere asbestos ná ndepụta nke ihe ndị na emerụ ahụ ụlọ ọrụ na 1902. E mere nchọpụta yiri nke ahụ na [[France]] na 1906 na Ịtali na 1908. [[Usòrò:Heat-resistant_asbestos_fabric.jpg|thumb|Asbestos ákwà]] [[Usòrò:Rockbestos-_the_asbestos_covered_wire_ad_in_Exhibitor's_Herald_The_Independent_Film_Trade_Paper_(weekly,_September_18,_1926_to_December_11,_1926)_-_Internet_Archive_-_exhibitorsherald27unse_(page_1360_crop).jpg|thumb|Rockbestos, asbestos kpuchiri mgbasa ozi waya na Exhibitor's Herald, 1926]] "<ref name="selikoff">{{Cite journal|author=Selikoff|first=Irving J.|date=20 February 1991|title=A Landmark Case in Asbestosis|url=http://jama.ama-assn.org/cgi/reprint/265/7/898.pdf|journal=[[Journal of the American Medical Association|JAMA]]|volume=265|issue=7|pages=898–901|doi=10.1001/jama.265.7.898|issn=0098-7484|pmid=1825122|accessdate=20 April 2010}}</ref><ref name="bartrip">{{Cite journal|author=Bartrip|first=Peter|year=1998|title=Too little, too late? The home office and the asbestos industry regulations, 1931|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_medical-history_1998-10_42_4/page/421|journal=Med. Hist.|volume=42|issue=4|pages=421–438|doi=10.1017/s0025727300064334|issn=0025-7273|pmid=10505397}}</ref> N'ihi akwụkwọ Cooke, nzuko omeiwu nyere ọrụ nyocha banyere mmetụta nke uzuzu asbestos site n'aka E. R. A. Merewether, Onye nyocha ahụike nke ụlọ ọrụ, na C.W. Price, onye nyocha ụlọ ọrụ na onye ọsụ ụzọ nke nlekota na njikwa uzuzu. Akuko ha na esote, Ihe Omume nke Fibrosis Pulmonary & Mmetụta Ndị Ọzọ Pulmonary na Asbestos Workers, ka e gosipụtara n'ụlọ omeiwu na 24 March 1930. O kwubiri na mmepe nke asbestosis bụ ihe na enweghị mgbagha jikọtara ya na ogologo oge inhalation nke asbestos ájá, na gụnyere ọmụmụ ahụike mbụ nke ahụike. Ndị ọrụ asbestos, nke chọpụtara na 66% nke ndị na arụrụ ọrụ ruo afọ 20 ma ọ bụ karịa na ata ahụhụ site na asbestosis. Akụkọ ahụ mere ka e bipụta ụkpụrụ ụlọ ọrụ asbestos nke mbụ na 1931, bụ nke malitere na 1 Maachị 1932. Iwu ndị a na achịkwa ikuku ikuku ma mee ka asbestosis bụrụ ọrịa na enweghị ngọpụ nke metụtara ọrụ. Okwu ahụ mesothelioma bụ nke mbụ e ji mee ihe na akwụkwọ ahụike na 1931; Nkwekọrịta ya na asbestos bụ nke mbụ achọpụtara oge ụfọdụ na 1940s. Iwu yiri nke ahụ sochiri na U.S. ihe dị ka afọ iri ka e mesịrị. Ihe dị ka 100,000 ndị mmadụ na United States anwụọla, ma ọ bụ na arịa ọrịa na egbu egbu, site na mkpughe asbestos metụtara iwu ụgbọ mmiri. Na mpaghara okporo ụzọ Hampton, ebe a na ewu ụgbọ mmiri, ihe omume mesothelioma ji okpukpu asaa karịa ọnụego mba. A na eji ọtụtụ puku tọn asbestos mee ihe n'ụgbọ mmiri Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ kpuchiri ọkpọkọ, ọkụ ọkụ, injin uzuoku, na turbines. Enwere ihe dị ka nde 4.3 ndị ọrụ ụgbọ mmiri na United States n'oge agha; maka ndị ọrụ 1,000 ọ bụla, ihe dị ka mmadụ 14 nwụrụ n'ihi mesothelioma na ọnụ ọgụgụ amaghị ama nwụrụ n'ihi asbestosis A katọrọ gọọmentị United States na ụlọ ọrụ asbestos maka emeghị ngwa ngwa iji gwa ọha na eze ihe egwu yana ibelata mgbasa ozi ọha. N'ọgwụgwụ 1970s, akwụkwọ ụlọikpe gosipụtara na ndị ọrụ ụlọ ọrụ asbestos maara banyere ihe ize ndụ asbestos kemgbe 1930 wee zoo ha n'ihu ọha. N'[[Ostraliya|Australia]], a na eji asbestos eme ihe n'ọtụtụ ebe n'ihe owuwu na ụlọ ọrụ ndị ọzọ n'etiti 1946 na 1980. Site na 1970s, e nwere nchegbu na arịwanye elu banyere ihe ize ndụ nke asbestos, e wepụrụ iji ya mee ihe, na egwupụta akụ na akwụsị na 1983. Iji asbestos eme ihe bụ. ewepụrụ na 1989 wee machibido ya kpam kpam na Disemba 2003. Ihe ize ndụ nke asbestos bụzi nke amara nke ọma na Australia, enwerekwa enyemaka na nkwado maka ndị na arịa asbestosis ma ọ bụ mesothelioma.. === Jiri site na ụlọ ọrụ na ụdị ngwaahịa === ==== Otu serpentine ==== [[Usòrò:Guy's_Hospital-_Life_in_a_London_Hospital,_England,_1941_D2325.jpg|thumb|N'ụlọ ọgwụ Guy's Hospital, London, 1941, ndị nọọsụ na ahazi blanketị asbestos n'elu ihe ọkụ ọkụ eletrik iji mepụta mkpuchi n'elu ndị ọrịa iji nyere aka kpoo ha ngwa ngwa.]] Mineral serpentine nwere mpempe akwụkwọ ma ọ bụ ihe nhazi. Chrysotile (nke a na akpọkarị asbestos ọcha) bụ naanị ịnweta asbestos n'ime otu agwọ. Na United States, chrysotile bụ ụdị asbestos a na ejikarị eme ihe. Dị ka US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Asbestos Building Inspectors Manual si kwuo, chrysotile bụ ihe dịka 95% nke asbestos dị na ụlọ ndị dị na United States. Chrysotile na adịkarị na ngwaahịa na ihe dị iche iche, gụnyere: * Chlor Alkali diaphragm membranes used to make chlorine (currently in the US) * Drywall and joint compound (including texture coats) * Plaster * Gas mask filters throughout World War II until the 1960s for most countries; Germany and the USSR's Civilian issued filters up until 1988 tested positive for asbestos * Vinyl floor tiles, sheeting, adhesives * Roofing tars, felts, siding, and shingles<ref>{{Cite journal|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=td4DAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA62|title=Popular Mechanics|author=Hearst Magazines|journal=Popular Mechanics|date=July 1935|issn=0032-4558|accessdate=10 January 2012}}</ref> * "Transite" panels, siding, countertops, and pipes * Popcorn ceilings, also known as acoustic ceilings * Fireproofing * Caulk * Industrial and marine gaskets * Brake pads and shoes * Stage curtains * Fire blankets * Interior fire doors * Fireproof clothing for firefighters * Thermal pipe insulation * Filters for removing fine particulates from chemicals, liquids, and wine * Dental cast linings * HVAC flexible duct connectors * Drilling fluid additives .Na European Union na Australia, amachibidoro ya dị ka ihe ize ndụ ahụike ma anaghịzi eji ya eme ihe ==== Amphibole group ==== Amphiboles gụnyere amosite (aja aja asbestos) na crocidolite (acha anụnụ anụnụ asbestos) na ejibu na ọtụtụ ngwaahịa ruo mmalite 1980s. Tremolite asbestos mejupụtara ihe na emerụ emerụ nke ọtụtụ ma ọ bụrụ na ọ bụghị ihe niile chrysotile na emekarị. A machibidoro iji ụdị asbestos niile na otu amphibole iwu n'ọtụtụ ebe ọdịda anyanwụ ụwa n'etiti afọ 1980, yana na Japan ka ọ na erule 1995. Ụfọdụ ngwaahịa ndị gụnyere amphibole ụdị asbestos gụnyere ihe ndị a: * Onye na emepụta sịga Lorillard ( ga nke Kent) jiri crocidolite asbestos na nzacha "Micronite" ya site na 1952 ruo 1956. Ọ bụ ezie na a na ejikarị eriri asbestos chrysotile eme ihe na breeki ụgbọala, akpụkpọ ụkwụ, na diski clutch, ihe ndị na emerụ emerụ nke amphiboles nọ. Kemgbe ihe dị ka n'etiti 1990s, a na emepụta paịlị breeki, ọhụrụ ma ọ bụ dochie anya kama iji akwa seramiiki, carbon, metallic, na aramid fiber (Twaron ma ọ bụ Kevlar otu ihe a na eji na akwa mkpuchi mgbo). Ejiri asbestos mee snow ekeresimesi arụrụ arụ, nke a maara dị ka ìgwè atụrụ. A na-eji ya mee ihe dị ka mmetụta na fim gụnyere Ọkachamara nke Oz na ihe ngosi windo ụlọ ahịa, a na erekwa ya maka iji ya n'ụlọ ndị mmadụ n'okpuru aha ndị gụnyere "Ọcha ọcha", "Snow Drift" na "White Magic". === Enwere ike iji ya na sequestration carbon === === Ihe owuwu === ==== Mba ndị mepere emepe ==== [[Usòrò:Asbestos_ceiling.jpg|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|Ulo ụlọ ịchọ mma ochie, nke yiri nke a, nwere ike ịnwe obere asbestos ọcha]] [[Usòrò:Durabestos_advertisement.jpg|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|Mgbasa ozi akwụkwọ akụkọ 1929 sitere na Perth, Western Australia, maka mpempe akwụkwọ asbestos maka iwu ụlọ obibi.]] Amachibidoro iji asbestos eme ihe owuwu ọhụrụ maka ahụike na nchekwa n'ọtụtụ mba ma ọ bụ mpaghara mepere emepe, gụnyere European Union, [[Obodoézè Nà Ofú|United Kingdom]], Australia, Hong Kong, Japan, na New Zealand. Ihe dị ịrịba ama bụ United States, ebe a na-aga n'ihu na eji asbestos eme ihe dị ka pipụ simenti asbestos. Ụlọ ikpe Circuit nke ise gbochiri EPA ka ọ machibido asbestos na 1991 n'ihi na nchọpụta EPA gosiri na mmachibido iwu ahụ ga efu n'etiti US $ 450 na 800 nde ebe ọ bụ naanị na azọpụta ndụ 200 n'ime oge 13 afọ, yana na EPA enyeghị ihe akaebe zuru oke maka ya. nchekwa nke ngwaahịa ọzọ. Ruo n'etiti 1980s, a na eji obere asbestos na acha ọcha mee ihe na Artex, ihe eji achọ mma, Otú ọ dị, ụfọdụ n'ime ndị na ebubata ụdị ụdị Artex ka na agbakwunye asbestos ọcha ruo 1999 Tupu mmachibido iwu ahụ, a na eji asbestos eme ihe na ụlọ ọrụ ihe owuwu n'ọtụtụ puku ihe. A na ewere ụfọdụ dị ka ihe dị ize ndụ karịa ndị ọzọ n'ihi oke asbestos na ọdịdị dị nro nke ihe ahụ. A na eche na mkpuchi fesa, mkpuchi ọkpọkọ, na Asbestos Insulating Board (AIB) bụ ihe kachasị dị ize ndụ n'ihi nnukwu ọdịnaya asbestos na ọdịdị na adịghị mma. Ọtụtụ ụlọ ochie ndị e wuru tupu ngwụcha afọ 1990 nwere asbestos. Na United States, enwere opekata mpe maka nyocha asbestos dịka ọkọlọtọ ASTM E 2356 18 kọwara. Na UK, Health and Safety Executive enyela ntụzịaka a na akpọ HSG264 na akọwa etu ekwesịrị isi mechaa nyocha ọ bụ ezie na enwere ike iji ụzọ ndị ọzọ ma ọ bụrụ na ha nwere ike igosi na ha erutela iwu site n'ụzọ ndị ọzọ. EPA na agụnye ụfọdụ, ma ọ bụghị ihe niile, ụlọ ọrụ asbestos merụrụ na ndepụta Superfund National Priorities List (NPL). Nrụzigharị na ịkwatu ụlọ ndị asbestos merụrụ bụ n'okpuru Iwu EPA NESHAP na OSHA. Asbestos abụghị ihe kpuchiri ekpuchi n'okpuru nchebe onye zụrụ ahịa CERCLA. Na UK, njikwa nke Asbestos Regulations 2006 kpuchiri mwepụ na mkpofu asbestos na ihe ndị nwere ya U.S. oriri asbestos ruru ọnụ ọgụgụ kasị elu nke tọn 804,000 na 1973; Ọchịchọ asbestos ụwa kacha elu na 1977, ebe mba 25 na emepụta ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ nde metric ton 4.8 kwa afọ N'ụlọ ochie (dịka ndị e wuru tupu 1999 na UK, tupu amachibido asbestos ọcha), asbestos ka nwere ike ịdị na mpaghara ụfọdụ. Ịmara ebe asbestos nọ na ebelata ohere nke ịkpasu asbestos. Mwepụ ihe ndị na ewu ụlọ asbestos nwekwara ike wepụ ihe nchebe ọkụ ha na enye, ya mere a na achọ ihe nchebe ọkụ maka nchebe ọkụ kwesịrị ekwesị nke asbestos nyere na mbụ. ==== N'èzí Europe na North America ==== Mba ụfọdụ, dị ka India, Indonesia, China, Russia, na Brazil, anọgidewo na eji asbestos eme ihe n'ebe nile. Ihe kachasị ewu ewu bụ akwa asbestos ciment ma ọ bụ "A/C sheets" maka mkpuchi ụlọ na akụkụ akụkụ. Ọtụtụ nde ụlọ, ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe, ụlọ akwụkwọ ma ọ bụ ụlọ mposi, na ebe nchekwa ka na eji asbestos eme ihe. Ịcha mpempe akwụkwọ ndị a ka ha nha na mkpọpu oghere iji nweta bolts 'J' iji nyere aka dobe mpempe akwụkwọ ahụ na nhazi ụlọ na eme na saịtị. Enwebeghị nnukwu mgbanwe na mmepụta na ojiji nke akwụkwọ A/C na mba ndị ka na emepe emepe na esochi mmachi zuru ebe niile na mba ndị mepere emepe ==== September 11 ọgụ ==== Ka Ụlọ Ọrụ Azụmahịa Ụwa nke New York City dara na esochi mwakpo Septemba 11, Lower Manhattan bụ ihe mkpuchi na ngwakọta nke irighiri ihe ụlọ na ihe ndị na ere ọkụ. Ngwakọta dị mgbagwoju anya a mere ka a na enwe nchegbu na ọtụtụ puku ndị bi na ndị ọrụ nọ n'ógbè ahụ ga enweta ihe ize ndụ ndị a ma ama na ikuku na uzuzu, dị ka asbestos, lead, fibers glass, na kọmpụta a kpụrụ akpụ. A na eche na a tọhapụrụ ihe karịrị tọn 1,000 asbestos n'ikuku ka e bibiri ụlọ ndị ahụ. A na eche na ikuru ngwakọta nke asbestos na ihe ndị ọzọ na egbu egbu na ejikọta ọnụ ọgụgụ ọnwụ na enweghị atụ sitere na ọrịa kansa nke ndị ọrụ ọrụ mberede kemgbe ọdachi ahụ. A na eche na puku kwuru puku ndị ọzọ nọ n'ihe ize ndụ nke ịmalite ịrịa ọrịa kansa n'ihi mkpughe a na ndị nwụrụ ugbu a bụ naanị "ọnụ nke iceberg Na Mee 2002, ka EPA, ụlọ ọrụ gọọmenti etiti ndị ọzọ, New York City, na steeti New York, na eduzi ọtụtụ mkpocha, nchịkọta uzuzu na nlekota ikuku, n'èzí, New York City rịọrọ enyemaka gọọmenti etiti iji hichaa na nwalee ebe obibi n'ime ụlọ. gburugburu ebe World Trade Center maka ikuku asbestos === Asbestos na emerụ emerụ na ngwaahịa ndị ọzọ === ==== Vermiculite ==== Vermiculite bụ hydrated laminar magnesium aluminom iron silicate nke yiri mica. Enwere ike iji ya maka ọtụtụ ngwa ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe ma jiri ya mee ihe dị ka mkpuchi. A na eji obere asbestos metọọ ụfọdụ nkwụnye ego nke vermiculite. Otu ogbunigwe vermiculite nke WR Grace na ụlọ ọrụ dị na Libby na arụ, Montana kpugheere ndị ọrụ na ndị bi n'ime obodo n'ihe egwu site n'ịgbapụta vermiculite merutere na asbestos, nke na abụkarị richterite, winchite, actinolite ma ọ bụ tremolite. A na eji Vermiculite emeru asbestos sitere na ogbunigwe Libby dị ka ihe mkpuchi n'ụlọ obibi na nke azụmahịa site na Canada na United States. W.R. Grace na ụlọ ọrụ vermiculite rụrụ arụ na ere ahịa dị ka Zonolite mana ejirikwa ya na ngwaahịa ndị a na efesa dị ka Monokote Na 1999, EPA malitere mbọ mkpocha na Libby ma ugbu a mpaghara ahụ bụ ebe mkpocha Superfund. EPA ekpebiela na a na ahapụ asbestos na emerụ ahụ site na ogbunigwe ahụ yana site na mmemme ndị ọzọ na akpaghasị ala na mpaghara ahụ. ==== Talc ==== [[Usòrò:A_laboratory_heat_spreader_made_of_asbestos,_over_Teclu_burner.jpg|thumb|Ihe mgbasa ọkụ ụlọ nyocha emere nke asbestos, na njem n'elu ihe ọkụ Teclu]] Enwere ike ime Talc mgbe ụfọdụ site na asbestos n'ihi ịdị nso nke asbestos ore (na emekarị tremolite) na nkwụnye ego talc n'okpuru ala. Ka ọ na erule 1973, iwu gọọmenti etiti US chọrọ ka ngwaahịa talc niile ghara asbestos, ma taa enwere njikwa mma na mmepụta nke ngwaahịa talc. Ikewapụta talc ịchọ mma ọkwa (dịka talcum ntụ ntụ) sitere na ọkwa ọkwa ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe (nke a na ejikarị na ngwaahịa esemokwu) ewepụla okwu a maka ndị na azụ ahịa N'afọ 2000, ule n'ụlọ nyocha nyocha nke asbestos gbaara agbaze hụrụ ụdị tremolite nke amphibole asbestos nke a na ahụbu n'ụdị atọ n'ime asatọ a ma ama nke crayons ụmụaka bụ nke sitere na talc: Crayola, Prang, na RoseArt. Na Crayola crayons, ule ahụ chọpụtara ọkwa asbestos gburugburu 0.05% na Carnation Pink na 2.86% na Orchid; na Prang crayons, nso nso sitere na 0.3% na Periwinkle ruo 0.54% na Yellow; na Rose Art crayons, o sitere na 0.03% na Brown ruo 1.20% na oroma. N'ozuzu, ụdị crayons 32 dị iche iche sitere na ụdị ndị a nwere ihe karịrị ọnụọgụ asbestos, yana asatọ ndị ọzọ nwere ọnụọgụ ọnụọgụ. Ụlọ ọrụ Art na Creative Materials Institute, otu ndị na azụ ahịa nke nwalere nchekwa nke crayons n'aha ndị na eme ya, na ekwusi ike na nsonaazụ ule ahụ aghaghị ịbụ na ezighi ezi, n'agbanyeghị na ha mechara kwuo na ha anaghị anwale asbestos. Na May 2000, Crayola kwuru na nyocha nke Richard Lee, onye nyocha akụrụngwa nke anabatala akaebe ya n'aha ụlọ ọrụ asbestos n'ụlọ ikpe ihe karịrị ugboro 250, chọpụtara na crayons nwalere adịghị mma maka asbestos. N'agbanyeghị nke ahụ, na June 2000 Binney & Smith, onye na emepụta Crayola, na ndị ọzọ na emepụta kwetara ịkwụsị iji talc na ngwaahịa ha, ma gbanwee usoro ngwaahịa ha na United States Ụlọ ọrụ na egwupụta akụ RT Vanderbilt Co nke Gouverneur, New York, bụ onye nyere ndị na-emepụta crayon talc, na ekwu na "n'ókè anyị maara na nkwenye anyị" ọ dịtụbeghị mgbe ọ bụla ọrịa asbestos metụtara n'etiti ndị ọrụ ụlọ ọrụ ahụ. Otú ọ dị, akụkọ mgbasa ozi na ekwu na United States Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) achọpụtala asbestos na talc anọ a nwalere na 2000. Onye enyemaka odeakwụkwọ maka nchekwa na ahụike m mechara degara onye nta akụkọ ozi, na ekwu na "N'ezie, abbreviation. ND (anaghị achọpụta) na akụkọ ụlọ nyocha na egosi na ọ nweghị eriri asbestos achọtara n'ụdị nlele ahụ. Ọtụtụ ọmụmụ sitere na ndị na ahụ maka ịnweta mineral, ndị ọkà mmụta ihe ndị na ahụ maka mkpụrụ ndụ na ndị na egbu egbu n'etiti 1970 na 2000 achọpụtaghị ihe atụ nke asbestos na ngwaahịa talc ma ọ bụ ihe mgbaàmà nke ikpughe asbestos n'etiti ndị ọrụ na arụ ọrụ na talc, mana ọrụ ndị na adịbeghị anya ajụla nkwubi okwu ndị a na akwado "otu" asbestos. ihe ize ndụ Na 12 Julaị 2018, ndị juri Missouri nyere Johnson & Johnson iwu ka ha kwụọ nde $ 4.69 ijeri nye ụmụ nwanyị 22 boro ebubo ngwaahịa talc nke ụlọ ọrụ ahụ, gụnyere ntụ ntụ nwa ya, nwere asbestos wee mee ka ha nwee ọrịa kansa ovarian. == Ụdị na eriri jikọtara ya == .<ref name="gee">{{Cite journal|author=Gee|first=David|date=9 January 2002|title=Asbestos: from 'magic' to malevolent mineral|url=http://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/environmental_issue_report_2001_22/issue-22-part-05.pdf|journal=Late Lessons from Early Warnings: The Precautionary Principle 1896–2000|issue=22|pages=52–63|accessdate=20 April 2010}}</ref>EPA kọwapụtara ụdị ịnweta isii dị ka "asbestos" gụnyere ndị nọ na klas agwọ na ndị nọ na klaasị amphibole. A maara ụdị ịnweta asbestos isii dị ka carcinogens mmadụ. Ihe ndị a na-ahụ anya bụ nke ọ bụla mejupụtara ọtụtụ nde "fibrils" microscopic nke enwere ike ịhapụ site na abrasion na usoro ndị ọzọ. === Serpentine === [[Usòrò:Epa_450_2-78-014_march_1978_asbestos_comparison.JPG|thumb|Ogo nke eriri asbestos atụnyere ụmụ irighiri ihe ndị ọzọ (USEPA, Maachị 1978)]] .Eriri klas serpentine na akpụ akpụ. Chrysotile, CAS No. 12001 29 5, bụ naanị asbestos nke a na ekewa dị ka eriri serpentine. A na enweta ya site na nkume serpentinite nke na emekarị n'ụwa nile. Usoro kemịkalụ ya nke ọma bụ Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4. Chrysotile na apụta n'okpuru microscope dị ka eriri ọcha A na eji Chrysotile eme ihe karịa ụdị ọ bụla ọzọ yana ihe dị ka pasent 95 nke asbestos dị na ụlọ dị na America. Chrysotile na agbanwe agbanwe karịa ụdị asbestos nke amphibole ma nwee ike ịgbanye ma kpaa ya ka ọ bụrụ akwa ákwà. Ihe a na ejikarị eme ihe bụ nchara simenti nke asbestos bụ isi maka ụlọ, ụlọ nkwakọba ihe, na ebe a na adọba ụgbọala. A pụkwara ịhụ ya na mpempe akwụkwọ ma ọ bụ ihe e ji ekpuchi elu ụlọ na mgbe ụfọdụ maka mgbidi na ala. Chrysotile abụrụla ihe na emekọ ihe ọnụ na ụfọdụ plasta. Emeela ọtụtụ ihe ndị ọzọ nwere chrysotile gụnyere breeki lining, ihe mgbochi ọkụ n'ime igbe fuse, mkpuchi ọkpọkọ, taịlị ala, shingle obibi, na gaskets maka akụrụngwa okpomọkụ dị elu === Amphibole === Amphibole klaasị eriri dị ka agịga. Amosite, crocidolite, tremolite, anthophyllite na actinolite bụ ndị otu amphibole. ==== Amosite ==== Amosite, CAS No. 12172 73 5, nke a na akpọkarị asbestos agba aja aja, bụ aha ahia maka amphiboles nke sitere na usoro ngwọta siri ike nke cummingtonite grunerite, nke sitere na South Africa, nke a na akpọkarị acronym maka "Asbestos Mines of South Africa". Otu usoro e nyere maka amosite bụ . A na ahụ Amosite n'okpuru microscope dị ka eriri vitreous isi awọ na acha ọcha. A na achọta ya ugboro ugboro dị ka ihe na egbochi ọkụ na ngwaahịa mkpuchi ọkụ, bọọdụ mkpuchi asbestos na taịlị uko ụlọ. ==== Crocidolite ==== .Crocidolite, CAS No. 12001-28-4, nke a na akpọkarị asbestos na acha anụnụ anụnụ, bụ ụdị fibrous nke amphibole riebeckite, nke a na achọta na ndịda Africa, kamakwa na Australia na Bolivia. Otu usoro e nyere maka crocidolite bụ . A na ahụ Crocidolite n'okpuru microscope dị ka eriri na acha anụnụ anụnụ Crocidolite na emekarị dị ka eriri friable dị nro. Asbestiform amphibole nwekwara ike ime dị ka eriri friable dị nro mana ụfọdụ ụdị dị ka amosite na adịkarị ogologo. Ụdị asbestos niile bụ fibrillar n'ihi na ha nwere eriri nwere obosara na erughị 1 micrometer na ùkwù nke nnukwu obosara. A na akpọkwa asbestos nwere eriri mara mma dị ka "amianthus ==== Ihe ndị ọzọ ==== mineral asbestos, dị ka tremolite asbestos, CAS No. 77536-68-6 , ; actinolite asbestos, CAS Nke 77536-66-4, ; na anthophyllite asbestos, CAS Nke 77536-67-5 , ; a na ejikarị eme ihe na ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe mana a ka nwere ike ịhụ ya n'ụdị ihe owuwu na ihe mkpuchi ma jiri ya mee ihe na ngwaahịa ndị ahịa ole na ole. Ihe ndị ọzọ sitere n'okike nke asbestiform, dị ka Richterite, na winchite, agbanyeghị na ahazibeghị ya, ụfọdụ na ekwu na ha adịghị emerụ ahụ karịa tremolite, amosite, ma ọ bụ crocidolite. A na akpọ ha "asbestiform" kama asbestos. Ọ bụ ezie na US Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) etinyeghị ha na ọkọlọtọ asbestos, NIOSH na American Thoracic Society akwadoro ha maka ntinye dị ka ihe edoziziri n'ihi na ha nwekwara ike ịdị ize ndụ nye ahụike Akpụkpọ anụ ugwu" bụ okwu oge ochie maka mgbanwe, mpempe akwụkwọ dị ka usoro okike nke asbestiform mineral nke yiri akpụkpọ anụ. mineral ndị nwere asbestos mara na etolite akpụkpọ anụ ugwu gụnyere: actinolite, sepiolite, na tremolite. == Production == [[Usòrò:Asbestos-world-production-1900-2100.jpg|thumb|Mmepụta asbestos ụwa (metric ton) site na 1900 ruo 2017 nwere ahịrị na ewu ewu.]] Na 2017, a na egwupụta asbestos nde 1.3 n'ụwa niile. Russia bụ ndị kasị emepụta ihe nwere 53% nke ngụkọta ụwa, Kazakhstan (16%) sochiri, China (15%) na Brazil (11.5%). Eshia na eri ihe dị ka 70% nke asbestos emepụtara n'ụwa yana China, India na Indonesia bụ ndị kacha azụ ahịa. N'afọ 2009, a na egwupụta ihe dị ka 9% nke asbestos nke ụwa na Canada. N'ọgwụgwụ 2011, ogbunigwe asbestos abụọ fọdụrụ na Canada, nke dị na Quebec, kwụsịrị ọrụ. N’ọnwa Septemba afọ 2012, gọọmenti Quebec kwụsịrị ịrụ ọrụ asbestos. == Mmetụta ahụike ==   [[Usòrò:MesotheliomaCT.jpg|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|Mesothelioma n'akụkụ aka ekpe (a na ahụ n'aka nri nke onyonyo): CT obi]] Ọrịa ndị a na ahụkarị na ejikọta na mkpughe asbestos na adịghị ala ala bụ asbestosis (ụfụ nke ngụgụ n'ihi inhalation asbestos) na mesothelioma (cancer jikọtara asbestos).[2]. Mesothelioma bụ ụdị ọrịa kansa na eme ihe ike ma na edugakarị na ndụ nke na erughị ọnwa 12 mgbe nyochachara ya.[21]. Amara ụdị asbestos ọ bụla na akpata nsogbu ahụike mmadụ na anụmanụ. A na ewere Amosite na crocidolite dị ka ụdị eriri asbestos dị ize ndụ; Otú ọ dị, chrysotile asbestos emewokwa ka etuto ahụ dị n'ime anụmanụ ma bụrụ ihe a ma ama na akpata asbestosis na mesothelioma na adịghị mma na ụmụ mmadụ, na mesothelioma achọpụtala na ndị mmadụ na arụ ọrụ na chrysotile, ndị òtù ezinụlọ nke ndị ọrụ ekpughere, na ndị bi nso bi nso. ụlọ ọrụ asbestos na mines. N'ime afọ 1980 na ọzọ na 1990s, ụlọ ọrụ asbestos tụrụ aro mgbe ụfọdụ na usoro ịme ciment asbestos nwere ike "na ewepụ" asbestos, ma ọ bụ site na usoro kemịkal ma ọ bụ site n'ime ka simenti tinye aka na eriri ma gbanwee nha anụ ahụ; Nnyocha ndị sochirinụ gosiri na nke a abụghị eziokwu na simenti asbestos dịlarị ọtụtụ iri afọ, mgbe agbajiri agbaji, na ewepụta eriri asbestos yiri nke a na ahụ n'okike, na enweghị mgbanwe ọ bụla enwere ike ịchọpụta. A na ewere ikpughe na asbestos n'ụdị eriri dị ize ndụ mgbe niile. A na ewere iji, ma ọ bụ ikpughe na ihe ndị a na emegharị emegharị, ma ọ bụ ihe ma ọ bụ ọrụ nwere ike ime ka mwepụta nke eriri asbestos rụrụ arụ, bụ nnukwu ihe ize ndụ. N'ozuzu, ndị mmadụ na arịa ọrịa site na iku ume asbestos na ekpughere mgbe niile n'ọrụ ebe ha na arụ ọrụ ozugbo na ihe ahụ Ụlọ ọrụ nchekwa na ahụike US (OSHA) nwere ụkpụrụ iji chebe ndị ọrụ pụọ n'ihe ize ndụ nke ikpughe na asbestos n'ebe ọrụ. Oke mkpughe maka asbestos bụ 0.1 fiber kwa cubic centimita nke ikuku dị ka nkezi oge awa asatọ, yana oke njem nlegharị anya nke 1.0 asbestos fibers kwa cubic centimita n'ime oge nkeji iri atọ. == Iwu ==   === Mmachibido iwu asbestos zuru oke === [[Usòrò:Asbestos_warning_label.jpg|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|Akara ịdọ aka ná ntị Asbestos n'okpuru ntuziaka EU nke 1983]] Gburugburu ụwa, mba na ókèala 66 (gụnyere ndị niile nọ na European Union) amachibidola iji asbestos. Akwụpụrụ maka obere ojiji na ụfọdụ obodo edepụtara; Agbanyeghị, obodo niile edepụtara ga abụrịrị machibidola iji ụdị asbestos niile. {| class="wikitable" | Algeria | Czech Republic | Iraq | Mauritius | Slovakia |- | Argentina | Denmark | Ireland | Monaco | Slovenia |- | Australia | Djibouti | Israel | Mozambique | South Africa |- | Austria | Egypt | Italy | Netherlands | Spain |- | Bahrain | Estonia | Japan | New Zealand | Sweden |- | Belgium | Finland | Jordan | Norway | Switzerland |- | Brazil | France | South Korea | Oman | Taiwan |- | Brunei | Gabon | Kuwait | Poland | Turkey |- | Bulgaria | Germany | Latvia | Portugal | United Kingdom |- | Canada | Gibraltar | Liechtenstein | Qatar | Uruguay |- | Chile | Greece | Lithuania | Romania | |- | Colombia | Honduras | Luxembourg | Saudi Arabia | |- | Croatia | Hungary | North Macedonia | Serbia | |- | Cyprus | Iceland | Malta | Seychelles | |} ==== Ọstrelia ==== [[Usòrò:SLNSW_20132_Asbestos_Products_Ltd_exporting.jpg|thumb|Asbestos Products Ltd (Sydney) asbestos ciment corrugated roofing maka mbupụ]] A machibidoro iji crocidolite (acha anụnụ anụnụ asbestos) na 1967, ebe ojiji nke amosite (aja aja asbestos) gara n'ihu na ụlọ ọrụ ihe owuwu ruo n'etiti afọ 1980. Emechara machibido ya iwu iwu ụlọ na 1989, n'agbanyeghị na ọ dị na gaskets na breeki lining ruo 31 Disemba 2003, na enweghị ike ibubata, jiri, ma ọ bụ megharịa ya. Asbestos ka na abụ nsogbu n'Australia. Abụọ n'ime ụlọ atọ dị n'Australia wuru n'etiti Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ na mmalite 1980 ka nwere asbestos. Ndị otu na anọchite anya ndị ọrụ e nyere ọrụ imegharị igbe igwe eletrik n'ụlọ kwuru na ndị ọrụ kwesịrị ịjụ ịrụ ọrụ a ruo mgbe enyochala igbe ndị ahụ maka asbestos, onye isi otu Council of Trade Unions (ACTU) kpọkuola gọọmentị ka ha mee ya. chebe ụmụ amaala ya site n'iwepụ obodo asbestos site na 2030. Ndị na-ejikwa ihe asbestos ga enwerịrị ikikere B Klas maka asbestos jikọtara ọnụ yana ikikere A klas maka asbestos friable. E wuru obodo Wittenoom, nke dị n'Ebe Ọdịda Anyanwụ Australia, gburugburu ebe a na egwupụta akụ asbestos (acha anụnụ anụnụ). Obodo ahụ dum ka na emerụ emerụ ma mebiekwa ya, na enye ndị ọchịchị obodo ohere iwepu ntụnyere aka na Wittenoom na maapụ na akara okporo ụzọ ==== Canada ==== Dịka nke Disemba 31st 2018, ọ bụ iwu na akwadoghị ibubata, rụpụta, ree, ịzụ ahịa, ma ọ bụ jiri ngwaahịa emere na asbestos. Enwere mwepu maka iji ya na ụlọ ọrụ chloralkali, ndị agha, ụlọ ọrụ nuklia, yana maka mmịpụta magnesium site na nsị nsị asbestos. ==== Japan ==== Nkpughe na ọtụtụ narị ndị ọrụ nwụrụ na Japan n'ime iri afọ ole na ole gara aga n'ihi ọrịa ndị metụtara asbestos kpalitere asịrị n'etiti afọ 2005. Tokyo nwere, na 1971, nyere iwu ka ụlọ ọrụ na ahụ maka asbestos iwu ka ha wụnye ikuku ventilashị na ịlele ahụike mgbe niile; Otú ọ dị, ndị ọchịchị Japan amachibidoghị crocidolite na amosite ruo 1995, na mmachibido iwu zuru oke na nke dị ole na ole na asbestos ka etinyere na 2006, na ewepụ ihe ndị fọdụrụ na March 2012 maka mmachibido iwu zuru oke. ==== New Zealand ==== N'afọ 1984, amachibidoro ibubata asbestos raw (acha anụnụ anụnụ na aja aja) na New Zealand. N'afọ 2002 ka amachibidokwara ibubata chrysotile (ọcha) asbestos. N'afọ 2015, gọọmentị kwupụtara na a ga amachibido mbubata asbestos kpamkpam na oke oke (nke a na atụ anya na a ga etinye ya na akụkụ ndị na anọchi maka igwe ochie) nke a ga enyocha ya n'otu n'otu. N'ebe ugwu ọdịda anyanwụ nke Nelson, na Ndagwurugwu Takaka Upper, bụ naanị m asbestos na egbute na New Zealand. A na egwupụta Chrysotile dị obere ebe a site na 1908 ruo 1917 mana ọ bụ naanị 100 tọn ka a na asacha wee wepụ ya. Atụmatụ ike ọhụrụ nyere ọrụ aka imeghari ma n'etiti 1940 na 1949, ụlọ ọrụ Hume na egwupụta tọn 40 kwa ọnwa. Nke a gara n'ihu ruo n'afọ 1964, mgbe, n'ihi ogologo ogologo nke eriri ya, njedebe azụmahịa dị ntakịrị manyere ngwungwu ahụ kwụsị. ==== South Korea ==== Na Mee 1997, amachibidoro imepụta na iji crocidolite na amosite, nke a na akpọkarị asbestos na acha anụnụ anụnụ na aja aja, na South Korea. Na Jenụwarị 2009, mmachibido iwu zuru oke na ụdị asbestos niile mere mgbe gọọmentị machibidoro nrụpụta, mbubata, ire ere, nchekwa, mbufe ma ọ bụ iji asbestos ma ọ bụ ihe ọ bụla nwere ihe karịrị 0.1% nke asbestos. N'afọ 2011, Saụt Koria ghọrọ mba nke isii n'ụwa nyere iwu iwu enyemaka mmerụaka nke asbestos, bụ́ nke nyere nwa amaala Korea ọ bụla ikike nlekọta ahụike n'efu oge ndụ yana ego gọọmentị na enweta kwa ọnwa ma ọ bụrụ na a chọpụta ya na ọ nwere ọrịa asbestos ==== United Kingdom ==== Na United Kingdom, amachibidoro ihe asbestos na acha anụnụ anụnụ na agba aja aja na 1985 ka amachibidoro mbubata, ire, na ijigharị asbestos ọcha na 1999. Njikwa 2012 nke Asbestos Regulations, na emelite na dochie iwu 2006 gara aga, kwuru na ndị nwe ya. nke ụlọ ndị na abụghị nke ụlọ (dịka ọmụmaatụ, ụlọ ọrụ na ụlọ ọrụ) nwere "ọrụ ijikwa" asbestos n'ime ụlọ ahụ site n'ime ka onwe ha mara ọnụnọ ya na ijide n'aka na ihe ahụ adịghị njọ, wepụ ya ma ọ bụrụ na ọ dị mkpa. Ndị na ewe ọrụ, dịka ọmụmaatụ. Ndị ụlọ ọrụ na ewu ụlọ, ndị ndị ọrụ ha nwere ike ịbanye na asbestos ga enyerịrị ndị ọrụ ha ọzụzụ asbestos kwa afọ === Mba ebe asbestos kwadoro iwu === ==== United States ==== [[Usòrò:Researching_Asbestos-Related_Disease.jpg|thumb|Onye na eme nchọpụta na eji nhazi ọkwa ogologo eriri iji mepụta eriri asbestos ahọpụtara ogologo maka ọmụmụ nsi]] United States ka bụ otu n'ime mba ole na ole mepere emepe na amachibidoghị asbestos kpamkpam. Ụfọdụ ndị ọrụ America na osisi chlorine na abịakarị na kọntaktị ahụ, OSHA na ewepụkwa osisi ndị a na nyocha nke enweghị usoro site na Mmemme Nchekwa afọ ofufo. Na 1989 United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) nyere Asbestos Ban and Phase out Rule mana na 1991, ndị na akwado ụlọ ọrụ asbestos gbara aka ma kwatuo mmachibido iwu ahụ n'okwu ikpe dị ịrịba ama: Corrosion Proof Fittings v. the Environmental Protection Agency. Ọ bụ ezie na ikpe ahụ butere ọtụtụ mmeri dị nta maka iwu asbestos, EPA emechabeghị akwụsị iji asbestos. Mkpebi ahụ hapụrụ ọtụtụ ngwaahịa ndị ahịa ka nwere ike ịnwe ọnụọgụ asbestos n'ụzọ iwu. Agbanyeghị, amachibidoro ụdị isii nke ngwaahịa asbestos nwere: akwụkwọ corrugated, rollboard, akwụkwọ azụmahịa, akwụkwọ ọpụrụiche, mmetụta ala ala na ojiji asbestos ọhụrụ ọ bụla. Iwu nke ikuku dị ọcha machibidokwara mkpuchi mkpuchi asbestos na mkpuchi asbestos na ihe ndị dị ka igwe ọkụ na tankị mmiri ọkụ, yana ihe ndị nwere asbestos nwere ihe na efesa. Iwu nchekwa ngwaahịa ndị ahịa machibidoro asbestos n'ime ọkụ ọkụ arụrụ arụ na ogige mgbochi mgbidi. Nlekọta nri na ọgwụ amachibidoro ihe nzacha nwere asbestos n'ichepụta, nhazi, na mbukota ọgwụ ==== Mexico ==== Ebe ọ bụ na 1970, n'ihi ụbara iwu asbestos na Europe na na United States, e nwere nnukwu nnyefe nke ụlọ ọrụ na emepụta asbestos na Mexico. A na eji asbestos n'ọtụtụ ngwaahịa mkpuchi ụlọ, igwe ọkụ ọkụ, ọkpọkọ, breeki, na waya, nke ihe karịrị ụlọ ọrụ Mexico 2,000 mepụtara, ọtụtụ n'ime ha bụ ndị enyemaka ma ọ bụ ndị na arụ ọrụ nke ụlọ ọrụ US, na erekwa na America dum. Na 2000, 58% nke Mexico asbestos nwere mbupụ gara United States, na 40% na mba Central America na Cuba ==== Vietnam ==== [[Usòrò:Wellasbestdach-233-3354_IMG.JPG|thumb|Elu ụlọ asbestos corrugated (ya na ciment fiber) ]] Otú ọ dị, master plan (maka ihe owuwu ihe mmepe na 2020 na nghazi ka 2030 nke Ministry of Construction na Gọọmenti na January 2014) ka na atụ aro na aga n'ihu na eji chrysotile ruo ogologo oge. == Ndị nnọchi maka asbestos na ewu ụlọ == Emepụtara ihe mkpuchi fiberglass na 1938 ma ugbu a bụ ụdị ihe mkpuchi a na ejikarị eme ihe. A na akpọkwa nchekwa nke ihe a ajụjụ n'ihi myirịta na nhazi ihe. Otú ọ dị, Ụlọ Ọrụ Mba Nile Maka Nnyocha Ọrịa Cancer wepụrụ fiberglass site na ndepụta nke ọrịa cancer mmadụ nwere ike ime na 2001. Otu akwụkwọ nyocha sayensị sitere na 2011 kwuru na data ọrịa na efe efe adịghị ekwekọ ma kwubie na mkpebi IARC iji weda ikike carcinogenic nke fiberglass dị irè, ọ bụ ezie na nke a bụ eziokwu. Nkwekọrịta nyocha kwadoro ọmụmụ ihe site na Association North America Insulation Manufacturer's Association N'afọ 1978, Bal Dixit chepụtara akwa fiberglass nke ukwuu, nke a na akpọ Zetex. Uwe a dị ọkụ karịa asbestos mana ọ na enye otu nnukwu, ọkpụrụkpụ, aka, mmetụta, na nguzogide abrasion dị ka asbestos. A na edobe fiberglass ahụ iji kpochapụ ụfọdụ nsogbu ndị na enwe na fiberglass na ebute, dị ka nkwụsị nke na adịghị mma na ike adịghị ike Na Europe, ajị ịnweta na ajị iko bụ isi ihe mkpuchi n'ime ụlọ. Ọtụtụ ụlọ ọrụ ndị na emepụta ngwaahịa asbestos ciment bụ ndị e ji eriri asbestos gbasie ike emepụtala ngwaahịa na ejikọta eriri organic. A maara otu ngwaahịa dị otú ahụ dị ka "Eternit" na "Everite" ọzọ na ejizi eriri "Nutec" nke nwere eriri organic, simenti portland na silica. Eriri osisi nke jikọtara ciment bụ ihe ọzọ dochie ya. A na eji eriri nkume eme ihe na gaskets na ihe esemokwu Ihe ọzọ nwere ike ime bụ polybenzimidazole ma ọ bụ eriri PBI. Fibre Polybenzimidazole bụ eriri sịntetik nwere ebe mgbaze dị elu nke 760 °C (1,400 °F) na-adịghịkwa ere ọkụ. N'ihi nkwụsi ike ọkụ ya na kemịkalụ pụrụiche, ngalaba mgbanyụ ọkụ na ụlọ ọrụ oghere na ejikarị ya == Imegharị na mkpofu == [[Usòrò:AsbestosContainment.JPG|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|Wailuku, Hawaii post office emechiela maka iwepụ asbestos]] N'ọtụtụ mba mepere emepe, a na ekpochapụ asbestos dị ka ihe mkpofu dị ize ndụ n'ebe a na ekpofu ahịhịa. Nwutu nke ụlọ nwere nnukwu ihe ndị sitere na asbestos na ebute nsogbu pụrụ iche nye ndị na ewu ụlọ na ndị na emepụta ihe onwunwe a na arụkarị ụlọ ndị dị otú ahụ n'otu n'otu n'otu n'otu, ma ọ bụ na ejisi ike wepụ asbestos tupu e nwee ike iji ígwè ma ọ bụ ihe mgbawa mebie ihe owuwu ahụ. pụtara. Otu ihe atụ dị otú ahụ bụ Red Road Flats dị na Glasgow, Scotland bụ ndị ji ọtụtụ bọọdụ ciment asbestos mee ihe maka mgbidi mgbidi ụkpụrụ ahụike na nchekwa nke Britain kwuru na a ga ewepụ ihe asbestos n'ụgbọ ala ndị a na emegharị emegharị ma buru ya gaa ebe a na ekpofu ihe na nke kwesịrị ekwesị. ikike ịnakwere asbestos, site n'ụzọ akwadoro, n'oge ụfọdụ nke ụbọchị Na United States, EPA na achịkwa mwepụ na mkpofu asbestos nke ọma. Ụlọ ọrụ na ewepụ asbestos ga agbasorịrị ikikere EPA. A na akpọ ụlọ ọrụ ndị a ndị ọrụ nkwekọrịta asbestos nwere ikikere EPA. Oge ọ bụla otu n'ime ndị ọrụ nkwekọrịta asbestos a na arụ ọrụ, onye na ahụ maka ule ga eme nyocha siri ike iji hụ na e wepụrụ asbestos kpamkpam. Enwere ike ibibi asbestos site na ọkụ ọkụ dị oke ọkụ yana usoro ịgbaze plasma. Usoro nke ire ere ọkụ na 1,000–1,250 °C (1,800–2,300 °F) na emepụta ngwakọta nke mkpofu silicon na adịghị ize ndụ, yana na okpomọkụ karịrị 1,250 °C (2,300 °F) ọ na emepụta enyo silicate. Enwere ike iji ọgwụgwọ ikuku microwave mee ihe n'usoro nrụpụta ụlọ ọrụ iji gbanwee asbestos na asbestos nwere ihe mkpofu ka ọ bụrụ taịlị nkume poselin, taịlị mgbidi nwere otu ọkụ, na brik seramiiki. Nchikota oxalic acid na ultrasound zuru oke na emebi eriri asbestos chrysotile. == Mbiri nke metụtara asbestos == == Hụkwa == * == References == * {{Cite book|ref=Castleman|author=Castleman, Barry I.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dmBWIkIu_IwC|title=Asbestos: Medical and Legal Aspects|publisher=Aspen Publishers|location=Englewood Cliffs, NJ|year=1996|isbn=978-0-7355-5260-9}} * George B. Guthrie and Brooke T. Mossman, editors, ''Health Effects of Mineral Dusts'', Mineralogical Society of America ''Reviews in Mineralogy'' v. 28, 584 pages (1993)  . * [https://web.archive.org/web/20111118024344/http://www.iom-world.org/asbestos/index.php Asbestos: an introduction] by JW Cherrie * {{Cite book|author=Tweedale|first=Geoffrey|title=Magic Mineral to Killer Dust Turner & Newall and the Asbestos Hazard|year=2000|publisher=Oxford Univ. Press|isbn=978-0-19-829690-4|url=http://www.oup.com/us/catalog/general/subject/Business/History/?view=usa&ci=9780198296904}} * [http://www.asbestosdiseaseawareness.org/ Asbestos Disease Awareness Organization] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20020603130951/http://www.aic.org.uk/ The Asbestos Information Centre] Independent site with information about asbestos and its use in buildings * [https://web.archive.org/web/20130331115739/http://www.epa.gov/asbestos/index.html U.S. EPA Asbestos Home Page] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20110606012916/http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/csem/asbestos/cover2.html ATSDR Case Studies in Environmental Medicine: Asbestos Toxicity] U.S. Department of Health and Human Services * [https://medicalxpress.com/news/2011-06-deaths-major-morbidity-asbestos-related-diseases.html Deaths and major morbidity from asbestos-related diseases in Asia likely to surge in next 20 years] * [http://www.hse.gov.uk/asbestos/ British Government Health and Safety Executive (HSE)] * [https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/asbestos/ National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health: Asbestos] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20110609215622/http://www.who.int/ipcs/assessment/public_health/asbestos/en/ World Health Organization&nbsp;– Asbestos page] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20170630022849/https://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov/cgi-bin/sis/search/a?dbs+hsdb:@term+@DOCNO+511 Asbestos general article] and [http://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov/cgi-bin/sis/search/a?dbs+hsdb:@term+@DOCNO+2966 chrysotile specifically]: comprehensive coverage of all aspects of chemistry, biological interactions, destruction, and social/clinical scientific knowledge related to Asbestos, on the Toxicology Data Network, with a full library of cites on many aspects and sub-topics]. * [http://webmineral.com/data/Parachrysotile.shtml Parachrysotile (asbestos)] at the webmineral.com Mineral Database * [https://web.archive.org/web/20050501105904/http://www1.umn.edu/eoh/hazards/hazardssite/asbestos/asbestosintro.html Univ. of Minn.: Asbestos] * [http://www.mccord-museum.qc.ca/en/keys/webtours/VQ_P3_11_EN.html White Gold Pioneers: Asbestos Mining] Archived 3 January 2010 at the Wayback Machine – The origins of asbestos mining, illustrated with many early photographs * [http://amiantus.co.uk/identifying-asbestos/ How to Identify Asbestos] – Independent site citing how to identify the early signs of Asbestos and actions to take okori5hpy6yihf1c75nhyjwysh84gsg 0 26406 727402 706972 2026-09-23T13:41:48Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727402 wikitext text/x-wiki   {{Databox}}'''''Anatomy''''' of an Epidemic: Magic Bullets, Psychiatric Drugs, and the Astonishing Rise of Mental Illness in America bụ akwụkwọ Robert Whitaker bipụtara na 2010 site n'aka Crown.<ref name="Burch" /> <ref name="Good" /> Whitaker jụrụ ihe mere ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị America na-enweta nkwarụ gọọmentị maka ọrịa uche ji okpukpu abụọ kemgbe 1987.<ref>Whitaker, p. 7</ref> N'akwụkwọ ahụ, Whitaker na-anwa ịza ajụjụ a ma nyochaa nsonaazụ ogologo oge maka ndị isi mgbaka nọ na US. == Nkọwa == === Mgbọ anwansi === [[Usòrò:SSDI-SSI-1987-2003.png|alt=Chart showing increase (in red) over baseline (in blue) between 1987 and 2003|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|Ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị America natara SSDI naSSI maka nkwarụ uche n'afọ 1987 (acha anụnụ anụcha) mgbe Eli Lilly and Company webatara ọgwụ mgbochi ịda mbàgwà mmadụ Prozac, ma e jiri ya tụnyere 2003 (red).]] Whitaker malitere site n'ịtụleghachi nchọpụta nke ọgwụ mgbochi isi mgbaka, benzodiazepines na antidepressants. A chọpụtara ihe ndị a dị ka mmetụta na-adịghị mma n'oge nyocha maka antihistamines (karịsịa promethazine), ọgwụ nje gram negative (dịka mephenesin) na isoniazid na iproniazit. A maghị usoro ọgwụ ndị a na-arụ ọrụ n'oge ahụ ma bụrụkwa nke mbụ akpọrọ isi tranquilizers (nke bụzi ihe mgbochi ọrịa uche) maka ịkpata "euphoric quietude"; obere calmists (onye ugbu a benzodiazepines) na psychical energizors (ọzọ oge niile antidepressants) site na ndị ọrịa 'na-agba egwú na ngalaba'.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Anatomy of an Epidemic|author=Whitaker|first=Robert|year=2010|isbn=978-0-307-45241-2|pages=[https://archive.org/details/anatomyofepidemi00whit/page/48 48–54]|publisher=Crown Publishing Group|url=https://archive.org/details/anatomyofepidemi00whit/page/48}}</ref> E mepụtara ihe ndị a n'oge uto maka ụlọ ọrụ ọgwụ nke 1951 Durham-Humphrey Amendment kwadoro, na-enye ndị dọkịta ikike ịnye iwu site otú ahụ mee ka ọdịmma nke ndị dibịa na nnukwu ụlọ ọrụ. Nke a sochiri mmepe nke ụlọ ọrụ ahụ maka "mgbọ anwansi" na-agwọ ndị nwere, dịka ọmụmaatụ, ọrịa shuga, nke dị ka Whitaker si kwuo nyere ihe atụ iji ree echiche ọgwụgwọ ndị a nye ọha. Ọ bụghị ruo mgbe ọtụtụ afọ gachara, mgbe achọpụtachara usoro ọgwụ ndị a gasịrị, na e mepụtara echiche serotonergic nke ịda mbà n'obi na dopaminergic hypothesis of schizophrenia iji kwekọọ na nhazi ahụ. Dabere na nyocha Whitaker nke akwụkwọ ndị bụ isi, ọkwa dị ala nke serotonin na ogo dopamine kachasị elu "egosila eziokwu n'etiti WITH tupu ikpughe ya maka antidepressants ma ọ bụ antipsychotics (yabụ dịka usoro homeostatic) mana Ọ bụghị n'ime ụmụ ọrịa enweghị ihu. Whitaker gara n'ihu na-akatọ echiche nke mgbọ anwansi site n'ịwakpo akụkọ ihe mere eme ahụ bụ "mmepụta ya dị ka Thorazine" kpochapụrụ ebe ndị gbara ọsọ ndụ.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Whitaker, Robert|title=Anatomy of an Epidemic: Psychiatric Drugs and the Astonishing Rise of Mental Illness in America|url=http://www.cchr.org/sites/default/files/Anatomy_of_an_Epidemic_Psychiatric_Drugs_Rise_of_Mental_Illness.pdf|journal=Ethical Human Psychology and Psychiatry|issue=I|volume=7|date=Spring 2005|accessdate=October 11, 2010}}</ref> Ikpe ya malitere site n'igosi na ngwụcha afọ 1940s na 1950s ~75% nke ikpe a nabatara maka ihe omume mbụ schizophrenia gbakere obodo ahụ ruo mgbe ọ dị ka afọ 3 (A tọhapụrụ Thorazine naanị 1955).<ref>{{Cite book|title=Recovery from Schizophrenia|url=https://archive.org/details/recoveryfromschi0000warn|author=Warner|first=R.|year=1985|pages=[https://archive.org/details/recoveryfromschi0000warn/page/74 74]|publisher=Boston: Routledge & Kegan Paul}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|author=N. Lehrman|title=Follow-up of brief and prolonged psychiatric hospitalization|journal=Comprehensive Psychiatry|volume=2|pages=227–40|year=1961|pmid=14463804|issue=4|doi=10.1016/s0010-440x(61)80015-1}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|title=Psychopharmacology|author=Cole|first=J.|year=1959|pages=142, 386–87|publisher=Washington DC: National Academy of Sciences}}</ref> Ọ na-ekwuzi na mbata nke Thorazine emeghị ka ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị a chụpụrụ n'afọ 1950 dịkwuo mma maka mmadụ ọhụrụ chọpụtara ọrịa schizophrenia. N'ezie, dabere na naanị nnukwu nyocha nke schizophrenia mbụ n'oge a, 88% nke ndị anaghị agwọta ka ewepụrụ ya n'ime ọnwa iri na asatọ ma e jiri ya tụnyere 74% nke neuroleptic.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=L. Epstein|title=An approach to the effect of ataraxic drugs on hospital release rates|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_american-journal-of-psychiatry_1962-07_119_1/page/36|journal=American Journal of Psychiatry|volume=119|pages=36–47|year=1962|pmid=13890431|doi=10.1176/ajp.119.1.36}}</ref> Nke a gosiputara site n'eziokwu na mgbe eweputere Thorazine na 1955 enwere puku ndị ọrịa schizophrenia 267 n'ụlọ ọgwụ isi mgbaka nke steeti, afọ asatọ ka e mesịrị, ha nwere narị abụọ na iri ise atọ.<ref>{{Cite book|title=The Epidemiology of Depression|url=https://archive.org/details/epidemiologyofde00char|author=Silverman|first=C.|year=1968|pages=[https://archive.org/details/epidemiologyofde00char/page/139 139]|publisher=Baltimore: Johns Hopkins Press}}</ref> Ihe ọ na-ekwu n'ezie ka e kpochapụrụ ebe mgbaba ahụ bụ mmalite nke Medicare na Medicaid na 1965. Ihe omume ndị a nyere nkwado gọọmentị etiti maka nlekọta ụlọ nọọsụ mana enweghị enyemaka dị otú ahụ iji lekọta ya na Ụlọ Ọgwụ Ndị Isi mgbaka steeti, wee si kwuo obodo niile, chọrọ ịchekwa ego, malitere iziga ndị ọrịa ha nọgidere-adịghị ala gaa ebe obibi. === Ọgwụ ndị isi mgbaka === Whitaker kwetara na ọgwụ ndị isi mgbaka na-arụ ọrụ mgbe ụfọdụ mana o kwere ka a ga-eji ha mee ihe "n'ụzọ ahọrọ, nlezianya". A ga-aghọta na ha anaghị edozi nsogbu kemịkal ọ bụla. Ma n'eziokwu, a ga-eji ha mee ihe nwa oge. "<ref name="Lipinski" /> Whitaker na-achọpụta mmetụta nke ihe yiri ọrịa iatrogenic: ọgwụ ndị mmadụ nwetara nwere ike imebi ọrụ ụbụrụ ha.<ref>Whitaker, p. 208</ref><ref name="Whitaker, p. 210">Whitaker, p. 210</ref> [[Usòrò:Dopamine_function_before_and_after_antipsychotics.jpg|thumb|Ihe ngosi nke ụbụrụ dopamine na-arụ ọrụ tupu ma ọ bụ mgbe antipsychotics gasịrị.]] Whitaker na-atụ aro na "ọgwụ ọjọọ" na-egbuke egbuke gburugburu ọgbọ nke abụọ psychotropics adịla anya kemgbe. Ọ na-ele "hyping" nke n'elu-ere atypical antipsychotics dị ka "otu n'ime ihe ndị na-emenye ihere na akụkọ ihe mere eme nke psychiatry, dị ka otu nnyocha gọọmenti mgbe ọzọ achọpụtaghị na ha dị mma karịa ọgbọ mbụ anti-psychotics."<ref>{{Cite book|title=Anatomy of an Epidemic|url=https://archive.org/details/anatomyofepidemi00whit|author=Robert Whitaker|year=2010|publisher=Crown|isbn=9780307452412}}</ref> Whitaker na-ekwu okwu ọma banyere Open Dialogue, nzukọ nlekọta nke prọfesị ọkà n'akparamàgwà mmadụ bụ Jaakko Seikkula dere ya na Keropudas Hospital dị na Tornio na Lapland ebe a na-enye ndị ọrịa ọgwụ naanị obere oge. Dị ka Whitaker si kwuo, mpaghara ahụ nwere [mgbe?] ego kachasị ala maka ọrịa uche n'ime distrikti niile dị na [[Finland]].<ref>Whitaker, p. 343</ref> === Ụmụaka === Whitaker na-ahụ na ụmụaka na-enweghi ike inye ọgwụ n'oge ndụ ha niile. Dị ka onye edemede na-ekwu, onye na-ahụ maka mgbaka na ndị nne na nna nwere ike inye nwatakịrị "cocktail" ịmanye ya ime omume. Mgbe ahụ mgbe nwatakịrị a ruru afọ iri na asatọ, Whitaker na-ekwu na nwata ahụ na-abụkarị okenye nwere nkwarụ.<ref>Whitaker, chapters 11 and 12</ref> == Nyochaa data na ọnụ ọgụgụ == Whitaker nọrọ otu afọ na ọkara nyocha maka akwụkwọ a, ma na-edobe webụsaịtị na-edepụta ụfọdụ ọmụmụ ihe dị mkpa.<ref name="Whitaker, p. 210">Whitaker, p. 210</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=Whitaker, Robert|title=Mad in America|url=http://www.madinamerica.com/|accessdate=October 10, 2010}}</ref> == nnabata na mgbasa ozi mgbasa ozi == Whitaker gbara Salon na The Boston Globe ajụjụ ọnụ n'oge a tọhapụrụ akwụkwọ ahụ.<ref name="Lipinski">{{Cite news|author=Lipinski, Jed|title="Anatomy of an Epidemic": The hidden damage of psychiatric drugs|date=April 27, 2010|url=http://www.salon.com/books/feature/2010/04/27/interview_whitaker_anatomy_of_an_epidemic|work=Salon|publisher=Salon Media|accessdate=October 9, 2010}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFLipinski,_Jed2010">Lipinski, Jed (April 27, 2010). [http://www.salon.com/books/feature/2010/04/27/interview_whitaker_anatomy_of_an_epidemic ""Anatomy of an Epidemic": The hidden damage of psychiatric drugs"]. ''Salon''. Salon Media. [https://web.archive.org/web/20101002200623/http://www.salon.com/books/feature/2010/04/27/interview_whitaker_anatomy_of_an_epidemic Archived] from the original on 2 October 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 9,</span> 2010</span>.</cite></ref><ref>{{Cite news|author=Weintraub, Karen|title=The downside of meds|url=http://www.boston.com/news/health/articles/2010/05/10/robert_whitaker_talks_about_the_downside_to_psychiatric_meds/|date=May 10, 2010|work=The Boston Globe|publisher=The New York Times Company|accessdate=October 9, 2010|archive-date=March 3, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303222255/http://www.boston.com/news/health/articles/2010/05/10/robert_whitaker_talks_about_the_downside_to_psychiatric_meds/|url-status=dead}}</ref> O mekwara njem akwụkwọ, o kwukwara otu awa na ọkara na C-SPAN ebe enwere vidiyo echekwara. Nyocha nke onye nyocha ụra Dennis Rosen maka The Boston Globe kwubiri na "ọ bụ ezie na nyochachara nke ọma na ịbịarute ọtụtụ narị isi mmalite, oghere dị na tiori ya ka dị ukwuu nke na ọ ga-eme nke ọma n'ịgba arụmụka doro anya", ma jiri Whitaker tụnyere Whitaker. Thabo Mbeki na ịjụ ọrịa AIDS.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Rosen, Dennis|title=Tying the rise in mental illness to drugs used in its treatment|date=April 14, 2010|url=http://www.boston.com/ae/books/articles/2010/04/14/tying_the_rise_in_mental_illness_to_drugs_used_in_its_treatment/|work=The Boston Globe|publisher=The New York Times Company|accessdate=October 9, 2010|archive-date=March 3, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303171647/http://www.boston.com/ae/books/articles/2010/04/14/tying_the_rise_in_mental_illness_to_drugs_used_in_its_treatment/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Akwụkwọ ahụ nwetara nyocha dị mma site na New Scientist, The Record, Time magazine, na Salon.<ref name="Burch">{{Cite news|author=Burch, Druin|title=Does psychiatry make us mad?|work=New Scientist|publisher=Reed Business Information|url=https://www.newscientist.com/article/mg20627550.700-does-psychiatry-make-us-mad.html|date=April 7, 2010|accessdate=October 5, 2010}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFBurch,_Druin2010">Burch, Druin (April 7, 2010). [https://www.newscientist.com/article/mg20627550.700-does-psychiatry-make-us-mad.html "Does psychiatry make us mad?"]. ''New Scientist''. Reed Business Information. [https://web.archive.org/web/20101025030620/http://www.newscientist.com/article/mg20627550.700-does-psychiatry-make-us-mad.html Archived] from the original on 25 October 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 5,</span> 2010</span>.</cite></ref><ref name="Good">{{Cite news|author=Good, Alex|title=Book review: Anatomy of an Epidemic|url=http://news.therecord.com/Life/Books/article/715412|date=May 21, 2010|work=The Record|publisher=Metroland Media|accessdate=October 5, 2010}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFGood,_Alex2010">Good, Alex (May 21, 2010). [http://news.therecord.com/Life/Books/article/715412 "Book review: Anatomy of an Epidemic"]. ''The Record''. Metroland Media. [https://web.archive.org/web/20101026143122/http://news.therecord.com/Life/Books/article/715412 Archived] from the original on 26 October 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 5,</span> 2010</span>.</cite></ref>''<ref name="Lipinski"/>'' Ihe karịrị otu afọ mgbe e bipụtara akwụkwọ ahụ, Marcia Angell, onye bụbu nchịkọta akụkọ nke The New England Journal of Medicine, weputara nyocha abụọ banyere Whitaker na ''akwukwo'' ndị ọzọ na The New York Review of Books<ref>{{Cite news|author=Angell, Marcia|title=The Epidemic of Mental Illness: Why?|date=June 23, 2011|url=http://www.nybooks.com/articles/archives/2011/jun/23/epidemic-mental-illness-why/}} and {{Cite news|author=Angell, Marcia|title=The Illusions of Psychiatry|date=July 14, 2011|url=http://www.nybooks.com/articles/archives/2011/jul/14/illusions-of-psychiatry/|work=The New York Review of Books|accessdate=September 23, 2011}}</ref> Whitaker gosipụtara echiche ya na Grand Round nke uche na Massachusetts General Hospital na Jenụwarị 13, 2011, ebe onye isi mgbaka Andrew Nierenberg katọrọ data ya na ụzọ ya. Nkatọ agbakwunyere sitere n'aka dibia bekee na odee Daniel Carlat. Whitaker azaghachila ndị nkatọ na webụsaịtị ya..<ref>{{Cite web|title=Answering the Critics|date=19 June 2012|url=http://www.madinamerica.com/answering-the-critics-of-anatomy-of-an-epidemic/|accessdate=March 30, 2013}}</ref> == Ihe nrite == N'April 2011, Investigative Reporters and Editors (IRE) mara ọkwa na akwụkwọ ahụ enwetala ihe nrite ya dị ka akwụkwọ akụkọ nyocha kacha mma nke 2010 na-ekwu, "akwụkwọ a na-enye nyocha miri emi nke ọmụmụ ahụike na sayensị na intersperses na-akpali akpali ihe atụ nke akụkọ ifo. N'ikpeazụ, Whitaker jụrụ amamihe nkịtị nke ọgwụgwọ ọrịa uche na ọgwụ. == Hụkwa == * Mad in America (2002) nke Robert Whitaker dere * ''Mmetụta ndị ọzọ'' (2008) nke Alison Bass * Rethinking Madness akwụkwọ nke Paris Williams dere * Ọgwụ ndị dabeere na ihe akaebe == Ihe odide == {{Reflist|2}} == Akwụkwọ == * {{Cite book|author=Whitaker, Robert|authorlink=Robert Whitaker (author)|title=Anatomy of an Epidemic: Magic Bullets, Psychiatric Drugs, and the Astonishing Rise of Mental Illness in America|publisher=Crown (Random House)|date=April 13, 2010|isbn=978-0-307-45241-2|url=https://archive.org/details/anatomyofepidemi00whit}} == Njikọ mpụga == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20160114120436/http://www.madinamerica.com/2011/11/anatomy-of-an-epidemic/ Ebe obibi akwụkwọ] na saịtị onye edemede, Mad in America * Isi okwu onye edemede na Alternatives 2010 (nke Substance Abuse & Mental Health Services Administration nke Ngalaba Ahụike and Human Service US kwadoro) ** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5iUssGIKnTs Akụkụ nke Mbụ] ** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iVt-hz5PdeQ Akụkụ nke Abụọ] ** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BjreMNu4Jzk Akụkụ nke Atọ] ** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g4mtfkasPp8 Akụkụ nke Anọ] {{Anti-psychiatry}} tnffxgyrddk2np8bx0s2vkq0rhf3fqu 0 26485 727411 442834 2026-09-23T14:34:58Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727411 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''''Animal, Vegetable, Miracle: A Year of Food Life''''' (2007) bụ akwụkwọ akụkọ na-abụghị akụkọ ifo nke Barbara Kingsolver na-akọwapụta mbọ ezinụlọ ya na-agba iri naanị nri a kụrụ n'ime obodo maka otu afọ.. == Nkọwa == Akwụkwọ ahụ na-akọwapụta echiche nke imeziwanye nri ezinụlọ site na iri naanị nri ndị ezinụlọ ya nwere ike ito onwe ha ma ọ bụ nweta na mpaghara (chekwaa maka ọka na mmanụ oliv). Kingsolver, ya na di ya na ụmụ ya nwanyị, malitere ugbo na [[Végíníyà|Virginia]] ebe ha na-eto ma nwee ike ịmụ ụdị tomato dị iche iche, mụta banyere ịzụ ọkụkọ, mee cheese, ma gbanwee iri nri naanị mgbe ha nọ n'ógbè ahụ. Akwụkwọ ahụ na-emegide nke a na ego gburugburu ebe obibi nke ịzụlite nri n'ugbo ụlọ ọrụ, na ịkwaga ya ọtụtụ puku kilomita, ma na itinye kemịkal na'okpuru ka ọ ghara imebi.<ref name="csm">{{Cite news|url=http://www.csmonitor.com/2007/0508/p13s02-bogn.html|title=A Year of Eating Locally in 'Animal, Vegetable, Miracle'|author=Kehe|first=Marjorie|date=May 8, 2007|publisher=Christian Science Monitor|accessdate=2009-09-05}}</ref><ref name="globe" /> Nkèji akwụkwọ a nke e wepụtara na May/June 2007 nke akwụkwọ magazin Mother Jones dị n'ịntanetị.<ref>[https://www.motherjones.com/news/feature/2007/05/seeing_red.html Excerpt of ''Animal, Vegetable, Miracle: A Year of Food Life'' at motherjones.com]</ref> Ihe ndekọ ọdịyo nke mkparịta ụka May 16, 2007 n'etiti Kingsolver na di ya na ngosi ụlọ ahịa akwụkwọ na Corte Madera, California dịkwa.<ref>{{Cite web|date=May 16, 2007|title=Barbara Kingsolver's "Animal, Vegetable, Miracle"|url=http://globalpublicmedia.com/barbara_kingsolvers_animal_vegetable_miracle|publisher=Global Public Media|accessdate=2009-09-05|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090629171055/http://www.globalpublicmedia.com/barbara_kingsolvers_animal_vegetable_miracle|archivedate=June 29, 2009}}</ref> == Nnabata nke ndị nkatọ == Magazin Time Lev Grossman kpọrọ ya otu n'ime Top 10 Nonfiction Books nke afọ 2007, na-etinye ya na #7.<ref>[http://content.time.com/time/specials/2007/article/0,28804,1686204_1686244_1691789,00.html Grossman, Lev; Top 10 Nonfiction Books; time.com]</ref> Rick Bass dere na The Boston Globe na "ihe odide a ga-agbanye n'ime uche onye na-agụ ya, na amara na ùgwù na'ụzọ na na ya na mmetụta ya".<ref name="globe">{{Cite news|url=http://www.boston.com/ae/books/articles/2007/05/20/the_constant_gardener/|title=The Constant Gardener|author=Bass|first=Rick|date=May 20, 2007|publisher=Boston Globe|accessdate=2009-09-05|archive-date=2008-06-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080609055702/http://www.boston.com/ae/books/articles/2007/05/20/the_constant_gardener/|url-status=dead}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFBass2007">Bass, Rick (May 20, 2007). [https://web.archive.org/web/20080609055702/http://www.boston.com/ae/books/articles/2007/05/20/the_constant_gardener/ "The Constant Gardener"]. Boston Globe<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2009-09-05</span></span>.</cite></ref> Bass kwukwara na "Kingsolver abụghị onye na-etinye ncha, kama ọ na'ụzọ dị egwu na egwu nchọpụta na echiche ndị a. "<ref name="globe" /> == Hụkwa == * Onye Na-azụ Ụbụrụ * Nri obodo == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * [http://www.animalvegetablemiracle.com/ Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ Animal, Vegetable, Miracle] * [https://archive.today/20130204065627/http://thephoenix.com/article_ektid42575.aspx Good Eatin 'Barbara Kingsolver na-eto nke ya, Boston Phoenix] [[Òtù:Akwụkwọ]] rwq6y964qd3o3ktifpgfcx8jhfm96uo 0 26758 727534 706833 2026-09-24T06:34:10Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727534 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Usòrò:FI-Raahe-20140609_183727.jpg|alt=White bags filled with contaminated stones line the shore near an industrial oil spill in Raahe, Finland|thumb|Akpa ọcha jupụtara na nkume ndị e metọrọ emetọ dị n'ikpere mmiri n"akụkụ ebe [[Mmanu mmanu|mmanụ]] ụlọ ọrụ na-awụfu na Raahe, [[Finland]]]] Chemistry gburugburu ebe obibi bụ ọmụmụ sayensị nke kemịkalụ na biochemical na-eme n'ebe eke. O kwesịghị inwe mgbagwoju anya na kemistri akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ, nke na-achọ ibelata mmetọ nwere ike isi na ya. Enwere ike ịkọwa ya dị ka ọmụmụ nke isi mmalite, mmeghachi omume, njem, mmetụta, na akara aka nke ụdị kemịkalụ na gburugburu ikuku, ala, na mmiri; na mmetụta nke ọrụ mmadụ na ọrụ ndu na ndị a. Chemistry gburugburu ebe obibi bụ sayensị interdisciplinary nke gụnyere kemịlụ ikuku, mmiri na ala, yana ịdabere kpamkpam na kemịlụ nyocha yana metụtara gburugburu ebe obibi na mpaghara sayensị ndị ọzọ. Chemistry gburugburu ebe obibi gụnyere ịghọta nke mbụ ka ebe a na-emetọghị emetọ si arụ ọrụ, kemịkalụ kemịkalụ dị n'ụdị mkpokọta dị na ya, yana mmetụta ndị dị aṅaa. Ewezuga nke a, ọ gaghị ekwe omume ịmụ nke ọma mmetụta ụmụ mmadụ na-enwe na gburugburu ebe obibi site na mwepụta kemịkalụ. Ndị na-ahụ maka kemịkalụ gburugburu na-ewepụta echiche dị iche iche sitere na kemistri na sayensị gburugburu ebe obibi dị iche iche iji nyere aka n'ịmụ ihe na-eme ụdị kemịkal na gburugburu ebe obibi. Echiche izugbe dị mkpa sitere na kemistri gụnyere ịghọta mmeghachi omume kemịkalụ na nha anya, azịza, nkeji, nlele, na usoro nyocha. == Ihe na-emetọ == Ihe na-emerụ emerụ bụ ihe dị na okike na ọkwa dị elu karịa ọkwa edozi ma ọ bụ nke na-agaghị adị ebe ahụ. Nke a nwere ike ịbụ n'ihi ọrụ mmadụ na bioactivity. A na-ejikarị okwu ahụ na-emetọ eme ihe na-agbanwe agbanwe na ihe na-emetọ ihe, nke bụ ihe na-emetụta gburugburu ebe obibi. Ọ bụ ezie na a na-akọwa ihe na-emerụ emerụ mgbe ụfọdụ dị ka ihe dị na gburugburu ebe obibi n'ihi ọrụ mmadụ, ma na-enweghị mmetụta ndị na-emerụ ahụ, ọ bụ mgbe ụfọdụ ka nsí ma ọ bụ ihe ọjọọ sitere na mmetọ na-apụta ìhè naanị n'ụbọchị ọzọ. A na-akpọ "ọkara" dị ka ala ma ọ bụ akụkụ ahụ dị ka azụ nke ihe na-emetọ ma ọ bụ ihe na-emerụ emerụ na-emetụta, ebe sink bụ ihe na-emepụta kemịkalụ ma ọ bụ ụdị nke na-ejigide ma na-emekọrịta ihe na-emetọ ihe dị ka carbon sink na mmetụta ya site na ụmụ nje. == Ihe ngosi gburugburu ebe obibi == Usoro kemịkalụ nke ịdị mma mmiri gụnyere oxygen gbazere (DO), chọrọ oxygen oxygen (COD), chọrọ oxygen biochemical (BOD), ngụkọta agbazere siri ike (TDS), pH, nri (nitrates na phosphorus), ọla dị arọ, kemịkalụ ala (gụnyere ọla kọpa). , zinc, cadmium, lead na mercury), na ọgwụ nje. == Ngwa == A na-eji kemistri gburugburu ebe obibi na England, Natural Resources Wales, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Association of Public Analysts, na ụlọ ọrụ ndị ọzọ gburugburu ebe obibi na ndị nyocha gburugburu ụwa iji chọpụta ma chọpụta ọdịdị na isi iyi nke mmetọ. Ndị a nwere ike ịgụnye: * Mmetọ metal dị arọ nke ala site na ụlọ ọrụ. Enwere ike ibuga ihe ndị a n'ime mmiri ma bụrụ ndị ihe dị ndụ na-eburu. * PAHs (Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon) n'ime nnukwu mmiri nke [[Mmanu mmanu|mmanụ na-awụfu]] ma ọ bụ na ọ na'agbanye. Ọtụtụ n'ime PAHs bụ ihe na-akpata ọrịa kansa ma bụrụ ihe nsị dị egwu. A na-achịkwa ha site na itinye uche (ppb) site n'iji kemịkal gburugburu ebe obibi na nyocha chromatography. * Nrients na-esi n'ala ugbo banye n"ime mmiri, nke nwere ike iduga na okooko osisi algae na eutrophication.<ref>United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Washington, DC. [https://web.archive.org/web/20131008020523/http://www.epa.gov/owow/nps/Ag_Runoff_Fact_Sheet.pdf "Protecting Water Quality from Agricultural Runoff."] Document No. EPA 841-F-05-001. March 2005.</ref> * Mmiri na-emetọ ihe ndị dị n'obodo ukwu na'ebe ndị na - mmiri na ya na (okporo ụzọ, ebe a na na) na ụlọ na Ihe mmetọ ndị a na-ahụkarị gụnyere gasoline, mmanụ ụgbọala na ihe ndị ọzọ hydrocarbon compounds, ọla, ihe oriri na sediment (ala).<ref>EPA. [https://web.archive.org/web/20180702011024/https://www3.epa.gov/npdes/pubs/nps_urban-facts_final.pdf "Protecting Water Quality from Urban Runoff."] Document No. EPA 841-F-03-003. February 2003.</ref> * Ngwakọta organometallic.<ref>{{Cite book|author=Sigel|first=A.|editor=Sigel, H.|title=Organometallics in Environment and Toxicology|url=https://archive.org/details/organometallicsi0000unse_y7p3|publisher=RSC publishing|location=Cambridge|year=2010|series=Metal Ions in Life Sciences|isbn=978-1-84755-177-1}}</ref> == Ụzọ e si eme ya == Nyocha kemịkalụ ọnụọgụ bụ akụkụ bụ isi nke kemịkalụ gburugburu ebe ọ bụ na ọ na-enye data na-ahazi ọtụtụ ọmụmụ gbasara gburugburu ebe obibi. Usoro nyocha a na-ejikarị eme nchọpụta ọnụọgụ na kemịkalụ gburugburu gụnyere kemịkalụ mmiri oge gboo, dị ka usoro gravimetric, titrimetric na electrochemical. A na-eji ụzọ ndị ọzọ ọkaibe eme ihe na mkpebi nke ọla ndị na-achọpụta ihe na ogige organic. A na-atụkarị ọla site n'atomic spectroscopy na mass spectrometry: Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS) na Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission (ICP-AES) ma ọ bụ Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometric (ICP-MS). A na-atụkarị ogige Organic, gụnyere PAHs, site na iji ụzọ spectrometric uka, dị ka Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) na Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC/MS). Tandem Mass spectrometry MS/MS na mkpebi dị elu/nke ziri ezi Mass spectrometry HR/AM na-enye obere akụkụ kwa puku ijeri. Ụzọ ndị na-abụghị MS na-eji GCs na LC nwere ihe nchọpụta zuru ụwa ọnụ ma ọ bụ kpọmkwem ka bụ isi ihe na ngwa agha nke ngwaọrụ nyocha dị. Akụkụ ndị ọzọ a na-atụkarị na kemistri gburugburu bụ rediochemicals. Ndị a bụ ihe mmetọ na-ebupụta ihe redioaktivu, dị ka akụkụ alfa na beta, na-etinye ihe egwu na ahụike mmadụ na gburugburu ebe obibi. A na-ejikarị countericle counters na scintillation counters maka nha ndị a. A na-eji bioassays na immunoassays maka nyocha nsi nke mmetụta kemịkalụ na ntule dị iche iche. Polymerase Chain Reaction PCR na-enwe ike ịchọpụta ụdị nje bacteria na ihe ndị ọzọ dị ndụ site na DNA na mkpụrụ ndụ RNA dị iche iche na mmụba ma na-egosi nkwa dị ka usoro bara uru maka ịchọpụta mmetọ microbial gburugburu ebe obibi. == Ụzọ nyocha e bipụtara == Ụlọ ọrụ gọọmentị na ụlọ ọrụ nyocha nkeonwe ebipụtala ụzọ ule nyocha nke ndị ọgbọ. Ekwesịrị iji ụzọ ebipụta akwadoro mgbe a na-anwale iji gosipụta nrube isi n'usoro iwu. == Ndị na-emepụta kemịkal na gburugburu ebe obibi a ma ama == Joan Berkowitz Paul Crutzen (Nobel Prize in Chemistry, 1995) Philip Gschwend Alice Hamilton John M. Hayes Charles David Keeling Ralph Keeling Mario Molina (Nobel Prize in Chemistry, 1995) James J. Morgan Clair Patterson Roger Revelle Sherry Roland (Nobel Prize in Chemistry, 1995) [[Robert Angus Smith]] Susan Solomon Werner Stumm Ellen Swallow Richards Hans Suess John Tyndall == Hụkwa == * [[Nlekota gburugburu ebe obibi|Nlekọta gburugburu ebe obibi]] * Ihe ndị dị mma na gburugburu ebe obibi * Ọdịdị ahịhịa ndụ * Green Chemistry Journal * Akwụkwọ akụkọ Nlekọta Gburugburu Ebe Obibi * Akwụkwọ ndị dị mkpa na kemịkalụ gburugburu ebe obibi * Ndepụta nke usoro nyocha kemịkal == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}} ctkiu2v32rc6g6kzjra7h1k6wcpazem 0 28179 727573 115428 2026-09-24T09:32:09Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727573 wikitext text/x-wiki   [[Category:Infobox drug articles without a structure image]] [[Category:Articles without EBI source|*]] [[Category:Chemical pages without ChemSpiderID|*]] [[Category:Articles without InChI source|*]] [[Category:Drug has EMA link]] [[Category:Articles containing unverified chemical infoboxes|*]] '''Damoctocog alfa pegol''', nke ana-ere n'okpuru aha '''Jivi''' bụ ọgwụ ngwako ọnụ nke eji agwọ hemofilia Mmetụta ndị ana-ahụkarị na-agụnye isi ọwụwa, ụkwara, agbọ onunu na ahụ ọkụ. A kwadoro Damoctocog alfa pegol (ihe na-emegide ọbara mgbali elu- recombinant pegylated-aucl) maka iji ọgwụ na United States n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ 2018, na European Union na Nọvemba 2018.<ref name="Jivi FDA">{{Cite web|title=Jivi|work=U.S. [[Food and Drug Administration]] (FDA)|date=29 August 2018|url=https://www.fda.gov/vaccines-blood-biologics/jivi|accessdate=1 October 2020}}</ref><ref name="Paik_2019">{{Cite journal|title=Damoctocog Alfa Pegol: A Review in Haemophilia A|journal=Drugs|volume=79|issue=10|pages=1147–1156|date=July 2019|pmid=31218660|doi=10.1007/s40265-019-01152-7}}</ref> == Etu esi anụ ọgwụ == Na United States, a na-egosi damoctocog alfa pegol maka iji ya mee ihe na ndị okenye na ndị nọ n'afọ iri na ụma (afọ iri na abụọ ma ọ bụ karịa) nwere hemophilia A (nchaghị nke Factor VIII) maka: (1) Ọgwụgwọ na njikwa nke ọbara ọgbụgba; (2) Nchịkwa oge nke ọbara ọwụwa; (3) Mgbochi usoro iji belata ugboro ole ọbara ọgbụrụ.<ref name="Jivi FDA"/> Na ngalaba irope, ana egosi na ọgwụ damoctocog alfa pegol bu na maka ọgwụgwọ na mgbochi nke ọbara ọgbụgba na ndị a gwọrọ n'oge gara aga na haemophilia A (ihe ọmụmụ nke asatọ). == Edensibia == <references group="" responsive="1"></references> == Njikọ ndị ọzọ == * {{Cite web|url=https://druginfo.nlm.nih.gov/drugportal/name/damoctocog%20alfa%20pegol|publisher=U.S. National Library of Medicine|work=Drug Information Portal|title=Damoctocog alfa pegol|access-date=2023-07-15|archive-date=2020-10-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201007030009/https://druginfo.nlm.nih.gov/drugportal/name/damoctocog%20alfa%20pegol|url-status=dead}} * Clinical trial number NCT01184820 for "Trial to Evaluate the Pharmacokinetics and Safety Profile of BAY94-9027 Following Single and Multiple Dose Administration" at ClinicalTrials.gov * Clinical trial number NCT01580293 for "A Trial Investigating Safety and Efficacy of Treatment With BAY94-9027 in Severe Hemophilia A (PROTECT-VIII)" at ClinicalTrials.gov * Clinical trial number NCT01775618 for "Safety and Efficacy of BAY94-9027 in Previously Treated Male Children With Haemophilia A" at ClinicalTrials.gov shuql9rlkfpghu9o7yospq4242bwbur 0 28467 727451 496538 2026-09-24T00:39:27Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727451 wikitext text/x-wiki Aṅụrị bụ [[Album|abọm]] nke otu egwu America bụ mmetụta ewepụtara na Jụn n'afọ 1977 site na Columbia Records.<ref name="Album">{{Cite book|title=The Emotions: Rejoice|date=June 10, 1977|publisher=[[Columbia Records]]}}<cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">''The Emotions: Rejoice''. [[Ihe ndekọ Columbia|Columbia Records]]. June 10, 1977.</cite></ref> Abọm ahụ ruru No. 1 na chaatị Billboard Top R&B Albums na No. 7 na chaatiBillboard 200. RIAA enwetala asambodo Platinum na US.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.riaa.com/gold-platinum/?tab_active=default-award&ar=Emotions&ti=Rejoice&lab=&genre=&format=&date_option=release&from=&to=&award=&type=&category=&adv=SEARCH#search_section|title=The Emotions: Rejoice|publisher=[[RIAA]]|work=riaa.com}}</ref> == Nchịkọta == Onye isi EWF bụ Maurice White mepụtara abọm ahụ. Mgbe a jụrụ ya maka abọm kachasị amasị ya na-abụghị Earth, Wind & Fire, White zara, sị: "Mmetụta 'Aṅụrị ' n'ihi na o nwere nnukwu ihe mmasị, nnukwu 'mmetụta'. Ee, enwere m obi ụtọ na mmepụta ahụ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.bluesandsoul.com/feature/195/maurice_white/|title=MAURICE WHITE: STILL BURNING BRIGHT|publisher=bluesandsoul.com|accessdate=2023-07-28|archivedate=2023-07-13|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230713010730/http://www.bluesandsoul.com/feature/195/maurice_white/}}</ref> Aṅụrị nọrọ izu asaa n'elu chaatị Billboard Top R&B Albums.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.billboard.com/archive/charts/1977/r-b-hip-hop-albums|title=Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums - 1977 Archive|work=billboard.com}}</ref> == Mmeghachi omume nkatọ == {{Album ratings|rev1=[[Allmusic]]|rev1Score={{Rating|4|5}}<ref name=Allmusic>{{AllMusic |class=album |id=r6775 |tab=review |label=''Rejoice'' > review |first=Craig |last=Lytle |accessdate=2012-10-04}}</ref>|rev2=''[[Village Voice]]''|rev2Score=(C+)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.robertchristgau.com/get_album.php?id=6789|title=The Emotions: Rejoice|author=Christgau, Robert|author-link=Robert Christgau|publisher=[[Village Voice]]|website=robertchristgau.com}}</ref>|rev3=[[People (magazine)|People]]|rev3score=(favourable)<ref name=People>{{cite web|url=https://people.com/archive/picks-and-pans-review-rejoice-vol-8-no-7/|title=Picks and Pans Review: Rejoice|date=August 15, 1977|website=people.com}}</ref>|rev4=[[Washington Post]]|rev4Score=(favourable)<ref name=WashingtonPost>{{cite web|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/1977/07/24/emotions-at-the-top-of-the-charts/fa9cef14-2895-4be7-810d-285a2117e734/|title=Emotions at the Top of the Charts|date=July 24, 1977|author=Rohter, Larry|author-link=Larry Rohter|website=washingtonpost.com}}</ref>|rev5=[[Los Angeles Times]]|rev5Score=(favourable)<ref name=LosAngelesTimes>{{cite web|url=https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/164670991/|title=Pop Music|page=510|date=October 2, 1977|author=Hilburn, Robert|author-link=Robert Hilburn|publisher=[[Los Angeles Times]]|website=newspapers.com}}</ref>|rev6=[[New York Daily News]]|rev6Score=(favourable)<ref name=NewYorkDailyNews>{{cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/482537528/?terms=%22The%2BEmotions%2BRejoice%22&match=2|title=The Emotions: Rejoice|author=Adams, Ace|page=56|date=July 22, 1977|publisher=[[New York Daily News]]|website=newspapers.com}}</ref>|rev7=[[Stereo Review]]|rev7Score=(favourable)<ref name=StereoReview>{{cite magazine|url=http://www.americanradiohistory.com/hd2/IDX-Audio/Archive-Stereo-Review-IDX/IDX/70s/HiFi-Stereo-Review-1977-12-OCR-Page-0106.pdf#search=%22emotions%20rejoice%22|title=The Emotions: Rejoice|author=Garland, Phyl|volume=39|issue=6|page=102|date=December 1977|publisher=[[Stereo Review]]|website=americanradiohistory.com}}</ref>}}Ace Adams nke New York Daily News kwuru "Ihe ndekọ a na-egosipụta nkà na-eto eto nke kpakpando ndị a na-etolite. Ndị mmadụ kwuru na "LP a anaghị enye ozi, nkwupụta maọbụ ihe gbasara mmekọahụ kama ọ bụ isiokwu ịhụnanya dị mfe site n'aka ụmụnne nwanyị anọ, Wanda, Sheila, Pamela na Jeanette Hutchinson. Nkwekọrịta ha siri ike na kọntaktị ndị a nụchara anụcha na-eme ka ha bụrụ ndị nọchiri ndị kacha dị elu mbụ. Onye na-emepụta Maurice White nke Earth, Wind and Fire (onye ụmụ agbọghọ ahụ gara njem) na-enye ndokwa dị mma ma sonyere onye na-agụ egwú Wanda na Key to My Heart. Larry Rohter nke Washington Post dere "N'ihi ihe ha dịka ụdị olu (ir), mmetụta enweela ike itinye ndụ na obi ụtọ n'ime usoro mkpụrụ obi nke chọrọ ya nke ukwuu. " Phyl Garland nke Stereo Review kwupụtara "Ọ bụ ezie na ọ dịghị ihe ọ bụla ebe a nke bụ ihe ọhụrụ n'ezie n'ihe gbasara usoro egwu maọbụ ọdịnaya, "Nwee obi ụtọ" na-egosi ihe enwere ike ime n'ime oke nke ụdị egwu a ma ama. Garland kọwara arụmọrụ nke otu ụmụ agbọghọ ahụ dịka "ọmarịcha ugboro atọ" ma kpọọ Aṅụrị "ezi" abọm. . Site na kpakpaanọdo 4 n'ime kpakpaise o 5 Craig Lytle nke Allmusic chọpụtara na "Nchọpụta mmetụta ons na-enye bụ obi na-ekpo ọkụ ma na-ebuli elu. Mgbọrọgwụ ozioma ha na-eweta mmetụta ime mmụọ a nabatara na abọm a, nke bụ mgbalị magburu onwe ya. Robert Hilburn nke Los Angeles Times kwuru "N'ịbụ nke Earth, Wind & Fire's Maurice White mepụtara, abọm ahụ nwere ihe dị mma maka ụmụ nwanyị atọ na-agụ egwú, ụdị obi ụtọ. A na-ahazi nhazi ahụ nke ọma. Ọ bụghị ọtụtụ njem ebe a, kama ọ bụ ọrụ aka siri ike. Nke ahụ kwesịrị ịba uru maka ihe ụbọchị ndị a". == Ndị na-alụbeghị di == Site na LP bịara otu Ajula ndị agbata obi m "Don't Ask My Neighbors" nke ruru No. 7 na chaatị ''Billboard'' Hot Soul Singles.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.billboard.com/artist/the-emotions/chart-history/bsi/|title=The Emotions: Don't Ask My Neighbors (Hot Soul Songs)|publisher=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|work=billboard.com}}</ref> Otu nke ọzọ e wepụtara nke a na-akpọ ịhụnanya m nke kachasị mma "Best of My Love", ruru No. 1 na chaatị US Billboard Hot 100 na Hot Soul Songs.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.billboard.com/artist/the-emotions/chart-history/hsi/|title=The Emotions: Best of My Love (Hot 100)|publisher=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|work=billboard.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.billboard.com/artist/the-emotions/chart-history/bsi/|title=The Emotions: Best of My Love (Hot Soul Songs)|publisher=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|work=billboard.com}}</ref> "Best of My Love" meriri Grammy maka Best R&B Performance ya na Duo or Group with Vocals, na American Music Award for Favorite Soul / R&B Single.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.grammy.com/grammys/artists/emotions|title=The Emotions|publisher=[[The Recording Academy]]|work=grammy.com|access-date=2023-07-28|archive-date=2018-02-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180206231229/https://www.grammy.com/grammys/artists/emotions|url-status=dead}}</ref> "ịhụnanya m nke kachasị mma" Best of My Love" enwetala asambodo Platinum na US site na RIAA. == Ndepụta egwu ==    == Ndị ọrụ == '''Mmetụta''' * Wanda Hutchinson &#x2D; olu * Sheila Hutchinson &#x2D; olu * Pamela Hutchinson &#x2D; olu * Jeanette Hutchinson &#x2D; olu '''Ndị na-eti egwu''' * Clarence McDonald &#x2D; piano, clavinet * Marlo Henderson (ụda &#x2D; abụọ - atọ - isii - itoolu). [[Al McKay]] (1, 4-5, 7-8) - ụbọ * David Shields (ụda 2&#x2D;3, 6, 9), Verdine White (1, 4-5, 7-8) - bass * James Gadson (ụda 2&#x2D;3, 6, 9), Fred White (1, 4-5, 7-8) - ịgbà * Paulinho DaCosta &#x2D; ọkpọ * Larry Dunn &#x2D; synthesizer (tracks 1, 5) * Maurice White &#x2D; ịgbà (ụda 7-8), olu ndị ọzọ (4) * Jerry Peters (ụda 8), Skip Scarborough (7) &#x2D; piano eletrik * George Bohanon, Louis Satterfield, Lew McCreary, George Thatcher &#x2D; trombones * Oscar Brashear, Steve Madaio, Chuck Findley &#x2D; opi * Alan Robinson, Marilyn Robinson, Vincent DeRosa, Sidney Muldrow, Richard Perissi &#x2D; mpi French * Don Myrick &#x2D; saxophone, ọjà * Charles Veal, Jr. &#x2D; onye na-eduzi egwu * Israel Baker, Arnold Belnick, Janice Gower, Betty LaMagna, Dorothy Wade, Robert Sushel &#x2D; violin * Rollice Dale, Denyse Buffum, Paul Polivnick &#x2D; violas * Raymond Kelley, Selene Hurford, Dennis Karmazyn &#x2D; cello * Dorothy Ashby &#x2D; ụbọ akwara * Tom Tom 84 (Thomas Washington) - ụda na eriri<ref name="Album"/> == Chaatị == {| class="wikitable" !Chart (1977) !Ugwu kachasị elu<br /><br /><br /><br /> |- |U.S. <nowiki><i id="mwtg">Billboard</i></nowiki> Top LPs | align="center" |7 |- |U.S. ''Billboard'' Top Soul LPs | align="center" |1 |- |} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" ! rowspan="2" |Afọ ! rowspan="2" |Otu ! colspan="4" |Ọnọdụ chaatị kachasị elu |- style="font-size:smaller;" ! width="40" |US<br /><br /><br /><br /> ! width="40" |USR&B<nowiki><br id="mwzg"></nowiki><nowiki><br></nowiki><nowiki><br></nowiki><nowiki><br></nowiki><br /><br /><br /><br /><ref name="allmusic" /> ! width="40" |USDan<nowiki><br id="mw1A"></nowiki><nowiki><br></nowiki><nowiki><br></nowiki><nowiki><br></nowiki><br /><br /><br /><br /><ref name="allmusic">{{AllMusic |class=album |id=r6775 |tab=review |label=''Rejoice'' > review |first=Craig |last=Lytle |accessdate=2012-10-04}}</ref> ! width="40" |UK<br /><br /><br /><br /><ref name="uk">{{Cite web|url=https://www.officialcharts.com/artist/16429/emotions/|title=The Emotions|publisher=[[Official Charts Company]]|work=officialcharts.com}}</ref> |- | rowspan="2" |1977 | align="left" |"Ihe kacha mma n'ịhụnanya m" |1 |1 |11 |4 |- | align="left" |"Ajụla ndị agbata obi m" |44 |7 |&#x2014; |&#x2014; |- |} == Hụkwa == * Ndepụta nke R&amp;amp;B albums nke 1977 (U.S.) == Edensibịa == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * ''[http://www.discogs.com/Emotions-Rejoice/master/111155 Nwee obi ụtọ]'' na Discogs 2r61a6m1w4essfd123ds1r5t2kqikqw 0 29323 727489 705829 2026-09-24T03:20:59Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 4 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727489 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}    '''Robert James Brown''' (amụrụ na 27 Disemba 1944) bụ onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị [[Ostraliya|Australia]], dọkịta na onye naahụ maka gburugburu ebe obibi. Ọ bụ onye omeiwu na onye ndú ndị omeiwu nke Australian Greens. A họpụtara Brown ka ọ bụrụ onye omeiwu Australia na tiketi Tasmanian Greens, ya na onye omeiwu Greens Western Australia Dee Margetts naanọdụ ala iji guzobe otu ndị omeiwu Australia Greens mbụ naesote ntuli aka gọọmentị etiti nke afọ 1996. A họpụtara ya ọzọ na 2001 na 2007. Ọ bụ onye mbụ naeme enyi nwoke nihu ọha na Nzukọ Ndị Omeiwu nke Australia na onye isi mbụ naahụ maka enyi nwoke nihu ọha nke otu ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Australia. Mgbe ọ naeje ozi na ndị omeiwu Tasmanian, Brown nwere ihe ịga nke ọma na mkpọsa maka mmụba dị ukwuu na mpaghara ọzara echedoro. Brown duziri ndị Australian Greens site na ntọala nke pati ahụ na 1992 ruo nọnwa Eprel 2012, oge ntuli aka ruru ihe dị ka 10% na steeti na gọọmentị etiti (13.1% nke votu mbụ na 2010).<ref>{{Cite news|title=Election 2010 blog|work=Australian|url=http://www.theaustralian.com.au/national-affairs/election-2010-blog/story-fn59niix-1225907876218|date=28 February 2011|accessdate=4 May 2012}}</ref> Site na 2002 ruo 2004, mgbe obere òtù nwere nguzozi ike na Senate, Brown ghọrọ onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị a ma ama. Nọnwa Ọktoba afọ 2003, Brown bụ isiokwu nke ndị mgbasa ozi mba ụwa mgbe a kwụsịtụrụ ya na ndị omeiwu maka itinye aka noge okwu onye isi ala United States George W. Bush. Nabalị iri na atọ nọnwa Eprel afọ 2012, Brown gbara arụkwaghịm dị ka onye ndú nke ndị Green ma gosipụta ebumnuche ya ịhapụ Senate na June. Nke a mere na 15 June 2012.<ref>{{Cite news|first=Judith|author=Ireland|url=http://www.smh.com.au/opinion/political-news/bob-brown-resigns-as-greens-leader-and-senator-20120413-1wxoz.html|title=Bob Brown resigns as Greens leader and senator|work=The Sydney Morning Herald|accessdate=13 April 2012|date=13 April 2012}}</ref> == Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ == A mụrụ Brown na Oberon, New South Wales, otu nime ejima, wee gaa Trunkey Public School, Coffs Harbour High School (1957-60) na Blacktown Boys High School.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.australianpolitics.com/parties/greens/07-05-10_bob-brown-biography.pdf|title=Senator Bob Brown – Australian Greens|accessdate=23 August 2010|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110629153238/http://www.australianpolitics.com/parties/greens/07-05-10_bob-brown-biography.pdf|archivedate=29 June 2011}}</ref> Nafọ ikpeazụ ya, a họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ onyeisi ụlọ akwụkwọ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://coffsharb-h.schools.nsw.gov.au/content/dam/doe/sws/schools/c/coffsharb-h/localcontent/brown_dr_bob.pdf|title=Dr Robert (Bob) Brown, MBBS|work=[[Coffs Harbour High School]]|publisher=[[Department of Education (New South Wales)|NSW Department of Education]]|date=n.d.|accessdate=14 July 2019|archivedate=26 March 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190326051713/https://coffsharb-h.schools.nsw.gov.au/content/dam/doe/sws/schools/c/coffsharb-h/localcontent/brown_dr_bob.pdf}}</ref> Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ sekọndrị, Brown debanyere aha na nkà mmụta ọgwụ na Mahadum Sydney, ebe ọ nwetara nzere Bachelor of Medicine and Surgery. Na mbido afọ 20, Brown sitere nike mmụọ nsọ nke Praịm Minista Robert Menzies, ọ fọrọ nke nta ka ọ sonye na Liberal Party nke Australia. == Ọrụ tupu ndị omeiwu == Brown rụrụ ọrụ ọgwụ ruo oge ụfọdụ na Royal Canberra Hospital. Noge ọ nọ nụlọ ọgwụ ahụ, ya na ndị ọrụ ahụike ndị ọzọ nọ nokwá dị elu weere nguzo naeme udo site nịjụ ịkwado ụmụ okorobịa naachọghị ịlụ ọgụ na Agha Vietnam dị ka ha kwesịrị ka a kpọọ ha.<ref name="Thompson 1984p13">Thompson (1984) p.13</ref> Ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye bi na ụlọ ọgwụ Darwin na Alice Springs. Na post nke ikpeazụ, ọ zutere John Hawkins, onye dọkịta naawa ahụ nke naagagharị nosimiri na Tasmania.<ref name="Thompson 1984p13" /> Brown gara [[London]] na 1970 wee rụọ ọrụ na Hounslow Cottage Hospital na St Mary Abbots Hospital na South Kensington.<ref name="Thompson 1984p43">Thompson (1984) p.43</ref> Ọ bụ dọkịta bi na St Mary Abbots Hospital mgbe a kpọbatara Jimi Hendrix.<ref>{{Cite news|first=Samantha|author=Maiden|url=http://www.theaustralian.com.au/archive/national-affairs-old/people-in-politics/bob-brown|title=Bob Brown|work=Australian|publisher=News|accessdate=5 June 2012}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.smh.com.au/opinion/politics/doctor-prescribes-more-compassion-20120526-1zbin.html|title=Doctor prescribes more compassion|work=The Sydney Morning Herald|date=27 May 2012}}</ref> Noge ọ lara ezumike nká, ọtụtụ ụlọ ọrụ mgbasa ozi kọrọ nụzọ naezighi ezi na ọ kwupụtara na Hendrix anwụọla. Brown mechara mee ka o doo anya na, mgbe ọ nọ nọrụ mgbe a kpọbatara Hendrix, "ọ nwụọla awa ole na ole", ma dọkịta dị iche kwupụtara na Hendrix anwụọla - onye bụkwa, na mberede, onye Australia.<ref>{{Cite news|title=About that Jimi Hendrix death business...|url=http://www.news.com.au/entertainment/music/about-that-jimi-hendrix-death-business/story-e6frfn09-1226385575798|accessdate=6 October 2012|work=news.com.au|date=6 June 2012}}</ref> Brown kwagara Tasmania na 1972 wee rụọ ọrụ dị ka onye naagwọ ọrịa na Launceston. Noge naadịghị anya, ọ banyere nihe gbasara gburugburu ebe obibi nke steeti ahụ, ọkachasị mkpọsa iji chekwaa Lake Pedder. Ka ọ naerule nafọ 1972, ọ bụ onye otu United Tasmania Group nke e guzobere ọhụrụ, otu "green" mbụ nke Australia.<ref>{{Cite book|author=Timms|first=Peter|title=In Search of Hobart|year=2009|publisher=UNSW Press}}</ref> Ruo afọ abụọ nime afọ ndị 1970, Brown jere ozi dị ka onye otu ndị naachọ Thylacine. Nafọ 1976, ọ buru ọnụ otu izu nelu Ugwu Wellington iji mee mkpesa megide mbata nke ụgbọ agha nuklia USS Enterprise na Hobart.<ref>{{Cite book|first=Roger|author=Green|title=Battle for the Franklin|publisher=Fontana ACF|year=1981|isbn=0006367151|pages=122–123}}</ref> == ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị steeti == [[Usòrò:Bob_Brown.jpg|áká_èkpè|thumb|Brown mgbe a họpụtara ya na Senate na 1990s.]] Nafọ 1978, a họpụtara Brown dịka onye nduzi nke Tasmanian Wilderness Society. Na ngwụcha afọ 1970 ọ pụtara dị ka onye ndú nke mkpọsa iji gbochie iwu Franklin Dam, nke gaeme ka ndagwurugwu Osimiri Franklin jupụta dị ka akụkụ nke ọrụ hydroelectric. Brown so na mmadụ 1500 e jidere mgbe ha naeme ngagharị iwe noge mkpọsa ahụ. O mechara nọrọ ụbọchị iri na itoolu nụlọ mkpọrọ Risdon nke Hobart. Nụbọchị a tọhapụrụ ya na 1983, ọ ghọrọ onye otu ndị omeiwu Tasmania maka oche nke House of Assembly nke Denison mgbe onye omeiwu Democrats Norm Sanders gbara arụkwaghịm iji nwee ihe ịga nke ọma naanọchite anya Senate Australia; A họpụtara Brown iji dochie ya na countback.<ref name="prsa">{{Cite web|title=Results of All Countbacks to Fill House of Assembly Casual Vacancies, under the Tasmanian Electoral Act, for the 43 years from 1965 to 2008|url=http://home.vicnet.net.au/~prsa/history/tascava.htm|publisher=Proportional Representation Society of Australia|accessdate=15 August 2010|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110604214734/http://home.vicnet.net.au/~prsa/history/tascava.htm|archivedate=4 June 2011}}</ref> Mgbasa ozi Franklin bụ ihe ịga nke ọma mgbe gọọmentị etiti tinyere aka chebe Osimiri Franklin na 1983. Noge mbụ ọ nọ nọchịchị, Brown webatara ọtụtụ atụmatụ nke ndị otu onwe ha, nke gụnyere nnwere onwe nke ozi, ọnwụ na nkwanye ùgwù, belata ụgwọ ọrụ ndị omeiwu, mgbanwe iwu nwoke na nwanyị, machibido ụlọ ọrụ batrị na nkwado maka Tasmania naenweghị nuklia. Iwu ya nke afọ 1987 iji machibido égbè semi-automatic ka ndị otu Liberal na ndị otu Labour nke Ụlọ Nzukọ nke Tasmania tụgharịrị, afọ itoolu tupu ogbugbu Port Arthur dugara na mmeri nke Federal Liberal iji nweta otu nsonaazụ ahụ. Nafọ 1989, usoro nnọchiteanya nke Tasmania nyere ndị Green ohere imeri ise nime oche 35 na Ụlọ Nzukọ nke Tasmania na Brown ghọrọ onye ndú ha.<ref group="footnote" name="StateLeader">In 1989, the Greens did not have formal leadership positions, but Brown's official senate biography lists his leadership of the state party from 1989–1993 as his first parliamentary party position.</ref> O kwetara ịkwado gọọmentị Labour Party, na ndabere nke nkwekọrịta nkwekọrịta (nke Michael Field na Bob Brown bịanyere aka na ya) nke ndị Green nwere onwe ha kwetara ịkwadebe mmefu ego ma ọ bụghị mmegharị nke enweghị ntụkwasị obi, na ALP kwetara ịmepụta usoro ndị omeiwu naemeghe, iji jụọ maka nhọpụta ngalaba, inye ọrụ nyocha iwu, parliamentary na mgbanwe nke gụnyere ohere hà nhata, nchekwa nke ozi, ogige ntụrụndụ mba na nkwupụta ọha na eze nke nkwekọ nke nnukwu ike na eze nke ụlọ ọrụ ndị na eze. Otú ọ dị, nkwekọrịta a dara nihi nsogbu ọhịa na 1992. Nafọ 1993, Brown gbara arụkwaghịm n'ụlọ omebe iwu ma guzo nenweghị ihe ịga nke ọma maka ụlọ ndị nnọchi anya gọọmentị etiti. Nafọ 1990-1991 Brown kwadoro njikọta nke Green Independents na Australian Democrats iji guzobe "Green Democrats", nadịghị ka ịmekọrịta na Green Parties ndị ọzọ ma guzobe Australian Greens.<ref name="Manning">{{Cite book|author=Manning|first=Paddy|title=Inside the Greens : the Origins and Future of the Party, the People and the Politics.|date=2019|publisher=Schwartz Publishing Pty, Limited|location=Collingwood|isbn=978-1743821190}}</ref> Otú ọ dị, naesote mgbanwe na idu ndú na ndị Democrats, atụmatụ a enweghị ike ịga nihu na ndị Independents jikọtara onwe ha na Green Party dị n'otu.<ref name="Manning" /> == ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị gọọmentị etiti == [[Usòrò:BobBrown3.png|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|Brown na Salamanca Market na Tasmania na Disemba 2004]] [[Usòrò:BobBrownSpeaking.jpg|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|Brown na-etinye ụkpụrụ mgbanwe ihu igwe nke Green na ntuli aka gọọmentị etiti nke afọ 2007]] [[Usòrò:Bob_Brown_at_2008_climate_change_rally_DSC_6368.JPG|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|Brown na nnọkọ mgbanwe ihu igwe na Melbourne na 5 Julaị 2008]] [[Usòrò:Brian_Walters_Adam_Bandt_Bob_Brown_DSC_6070.JPG|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|Adam Bandt, Brian Walters na Brown n'oge mkpọsa maka ntuli aka steeti Victoria nke afọ 2010]] [[Usòrò:Greg_Barber_Bob_Brown_Brian_Walters.jpg|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|Greg Barber, Brown na Brian Walters na-aga ngagharị iwe na Melbourne na 2010]] A họpụtara Brown ka ọ bụrụ onye omeiwu Australia maka Tasmania nafọ 1996, ọ bụkwa onye naekwu okwu nezoghị ọnụ naemegide ọchịchị John Howard, yana ịkwado okwu ndị naacha akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ na nke ndị ruuru mmadụ, gụnyere okwu mba ụwa dị ka Tibet, East Timor na West Papua. O webatara iwu maka mgbanwe iwu, nchedo ọhịa, iji gbochie nsị radiation, iji machibido ikpe ụmụaka Aboriginal, iji machibidoro iji bọmbụ ụyọkọ na maka mbelata ụlọ okpomọkụ. Na ntuli aka gọọmentị etiti nke afọ 2001, a họpụtara Brown ọzọ na Senate site na mmụba dị ukwuu, ma kwuo okwu nezoghị ọnụ na Praịm Minista John Howard jụrụ ikwe ka ndị naachọ ebe mgbaba 438 (karịsịa site na [[Afghanistan]]) daa na Christmas Island mgbe MV Tampa, ụgbọ mmiri Norwegian, napụtara ha nụgbọ mmiri ha naada nOké Osimiri India. Brown katọrọ otu onye isi mmegide Kim Beazley kwenyere na John Howard kwenyere na ihe mere na Tampa. Brown kwuru okwu nụzọ pụrụ iche na mmegide ya megide òkè Australia na mwakpo 2003 nke Iraq ma bụrụ onye a ma ama dị ka onye isi olu maka mmegide agha / udo. Mgbe Onye isi ala Bush gara Canberra na 23 Ọktoba 2003, Brown na onye omeiwu ibe ya Kerry Nettle tinyere aka n'oge ọ na-ekwu okwu notu nnọkọ nke ụlọ abụọ nke ndị omeiwu. N'oge Bush naekwu okwu, Brown na Nettle naeyi ihe ịrịba ama naezo aka na David Hicks na Mamdouh Habib, ụmụ amaala Australia abụọ e jidere na Guantánamo Bay, Cuba, noge ahụ (e mechara tọhapụ Habib nebughị ebubo ma Hicks nọrọ nụlọ mkpọrọ maka inye nkwado ihe onwunwe maka iyi ọha egwu), mgbe ndị agha United States jidere ha na Afghanistan na Pakistan notu notu. Bush ji ezi ọchị nabata interjections mana onye isi oche nke ụlọ ahụ, Neil Andrew "gụrụ" Brown na Nettle. Nke a pụtara na a kwụsịtụrụ ha abụọ nụlọ omebe iwu ruo awa 24 nke gbochiri ha ịnọ noge okwu yiri nke ahụ site naka Onye isi ala China Hu Jintao nechi ya. Otú ọ dị, mgbe okwu ahụ gasịrị, Brown nyere Bush aka. Brown megidere mmezigharị nke Gọọmentị Howard na Iwu Alụmdi na Nwunye na 2004, naekwu na "Maazị Howard kwesịrị izu ike ma nabata alụmdi na nwunye nwoke na nwoke dị ka akụkụ nke mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya nọdịnihu".<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.smh.com.au/articles/2004/04/27/1082831558618.html?from=storylhs|title=Ban on same-sex marriages doesn't target gays: PM|date=27 April 2004|work=The Sydney Morning Herald|accessdate=30 June 2011}}</ref> N'ọnwa Disemba afọ 2004, ụlọ ọrụ naahụ maka ọhịa na mbupụ osisi Gunns Limited nwara ịgba Brown na ndị ọzọ akwụkwọ maka $ 6.3 nde, nime ihe akụkọ nke mgbasa ozi naekwu na ọ metụtara "mgbasa ozi naaga nihu naemebi ihe" megide ụlọ ọrụ ahụ. Ụlọikpe Kasị Elu wepụrụ nkwupụta mbụ nke Gunns nyere ma nyefee ego megide Gunns maka usoro mbụ. Gunns mechara daa na ụlọ ọrụ ahụ mechara wepụ nkwupụta niile megide Brown na 13 Disemba 2006 ka ọ naaga nihu na ikpe ya megide ndị ọzọ gụnyere The Wilderness Society.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.bobbrown.org.au/600_media_sub.php?deptItemID=2190|title=Senator Bob Brown: Media|publisher=Bob Brown|accessdate=23 August 2010|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071129013824/http://www.bobbrown.org.au/600_media_sub.php?deptItemID=2190|archivedate=29 November 2007}}</ref> A họpụtara Brown dị ka onye isi ndị omeiwu mbụ nke The Greens na 28 Nọvemba 2005, naesochi ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ afọ iri nke ije ozi dị ka onye ndú nezie kemgbe a họpụtara ya na Senate na 1996.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.bobbrown.org.au/600_media_sub.php?deptItemID=1831|title=Senator Bob Brown: Media|publisher=Bob Brown|accessdate=23 August 2010|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071129013820/http://www.bobbrown.org.au/600_media_sub.php?deptItemID=1831|archivedate=29 November 2007}}</ref> Nọnwa Febụwarị afọ 2007, Gọọmentị Steeti Tasmania na Gọọmentụ Federal Australia zaghachiri site nịgbanwe ederede nke nkwekọrịta ọhịa mpaghara steeti ahụ. Akụkụ ọhụrụ naeme ka o doo anya na okwu 'nchebe' metụtara naanị ma gọọmentị abụọ ahụ naewere ụdị dị iche iche ka a gaechebe karịa ihe okwu ahụ pụtara dabere na ihe akaebe nke dị otú ahụ. Na mbido afọ 2007, Brown dọtara nlelị site na ngalaba mgbasa ozi na nnukwu òtù ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị maka atụmatụ ya itinye aka na atụmatụ n'ime afọ atọ, nke gaemecha hụ mmachibido iwu nke mbupụ coal.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.news.com.au/couriermail/story/0,,21200858-3102,00.html|title=Kill coal off, says Bob|date=9 February 2007}}</ref> Brown kọwara mbupụ coal dị ka "omume heroin nke ụlọ ọrụ ike" ma kwuo na mbupụ nke teknụzụ ndị ọzọ kwesịrị ịbụ ihe kachasị mkpa.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.theage.com.au/news/national/coal-is-energy-industrys-heroin-habit-brown/2007/02/09/1170524298591.html?page=fullpage|title=Coal is energy industry's heroin habit: Brown|work=Age|date=10 February 2007|accessdate=23 August 2010}}</ref> A họpụtara Brown ọzọ na ntuli aka gọọmentị etiti nke afọ 2007. O kwupụtara ebumnuche ya iguzo ọzọ na Nzukọ Mba Ndị Ọhịa na Nọvemba 2005. Mgbe a họpụtara ya ọzọ na nke Gọọmentị Ọrụ ọhụrụ, Brown kpọrọ Praịm Minista ọhụrụ, Kevin Rudd, ka ọ setịpụ ihe mgbaru ọsọ carbon ozugbo, ma kwupụta ọkwa ha na United Nations Bali Climate Change Conference na Disemba 2007, naaga nihu na mkpọsa ihu igwe ya, ma naekwu na ọ bụ "ihe doro anya" ihe gaesi na ya pụta ma ọ bụrụ na Australia agaghị etinye ihe mgbarute ihe mgbaruaru ọsọ carbon.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.scopical.com.au/articles/Politics/1597/Brown-says-PM-must-set-carbon-targets|title=Streem / Politics / Brown says PM must set carbon targets<!-- Bot generated title -->}}</ref> Nafọ 2005, Brown wetara ikpe megide Forestry Tasmania na Ụlọikpe Federal, na mgbalị ichebe ọhịa Wielangta nke Tasmania site na igbu osisi. Nkwekọrịta Oké Ọhịa Ógbè Tasmanian nke 1997 (RFA) wepụrụ ọrụ ịkpụ osisi site na iwu ụdị dị nihe ize ndụ mana ọ chọrọ nchebe nke ụdị dị nihe ize ndụ. Bob Brown wetara ikpe megide Forestry Tasmania naekwu maka egwu maka ụdị ndị nọ nihe ize ndụ dị ka Swift parrot na Wielangta Stag Beetle.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.on-trial.info|title=Bob Brown – Wielangta Landmark Trial|publisher=On-trial|accessdate=23 August 2010|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100821203242/http://www.on-trial.info/#|archivedate=21 August 2010}}</ref> Nọnwa Disemba afọ 2006, Ọkàikpe Shane Marshall nyere ikpe ahụ nihi ihu ọma Brown. Mgbe a rịọrọ arịrịọ nụlọ ikpe zuru oke nke ụlọ ikpe gọọmentị etiti, ikpe ahụ furu efu, nagbaghaghị ikpe mbụ ahụ na igbu osisi gaetinye ụdị osisi ndị a nihe ize ndụ. N'ọnwa Mee afọ 2008, Ụlọikpe Kasị Elu jụrụ ikike ime mkpesa maka mkpebi ahụ mgbe a gbanwere okwu RFA.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2008/05/23/2253955.htm|title=Brown loses High Court battle to save Tas forest|publisher=ABC|date=23 May 2008|accessdate=23 August 2010|archive-date=19 April 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100419122142/http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2008/05/23/2253955.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref> E nyere Brown iwu ka ọ kwụọ $ 240,000 na Forestry Tasmania, nke o kwuru na ya enweghị ike ịkwụ ụgwọ. Enweghị ike ịkwụ ụgwọ gaeme ka usoro mmebi ego nke gaefu Brown oche Senate ya.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2009/06/08/2592384.htm?section=justin|title=Brown facing bankruptcy over Forestry Tas bill|publisher=ABC|date=8 June 2009|accessdate=23 August 2010|archive-date=29 January 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100129192040/http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2009/06/08/2592384.htm?section=justin|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>[[Section 44 of the Constitution of Australia|Constitution]], section 44(iii).</ref> Brown jụrụ noge gara aga onyinye nkwekọrịta sitere na Forestry Tasmania nke gaachọ ka ọ kwụọ naanị $ 200,000 nke ego ọ kpatara.<ref>{{Cite web|first=Peter|author=Wels|url=http://www.examiner.com.au/news/local/news/politics/i-took-advice-brown/1536354.aspx|title=I took advice on court costs, says Bob Brown|work=Examiner|date=10 June 2009|accessdate=23 August 2010}}</ref> Na 9 June 2009, onye ọchụnta ego Australia bụ Dick Smith kwere nkwa inyere ya aka ịgbapụta ma ọ bụrụ na ọ dị mkpa, onyinye nke naadịghị mkpa mgbe nkwa nkwado sitere naka ihe karịrị 1,000 ndị nyere onyinye kpuchiri ụgwọ iwu Brown nime ụbọchị ole na ole nke ọkwa ya.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2009/06/09/2593414.htm|title=Dick Smith to bail Brown out|publisher=ABC|date=9 June 2009|accessdate=23 August 2010|archive-date=18 February 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100218072706/http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2009/06/09/2593414.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://bob-brown.greensmps.org.au/content/media-release/forestry-tasmania%E2%80%99s-bill-will-be-paid-time-says-brown|title=Forestry Tasmania's bill will be paid on time, says Brown|publisher=Greens|accessdate=23 August 2010|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110313111933/http://bob-brown.greensmps.org.au/content/media-release/forestry-tasmania%E2%80%99s-bill-will-be-paid-time-says-brown|archivedate=13 March 2011}}</ref> Nafọ 2011, mgbe idei mmiri nke Queensland nke afọ 2010-11 gasịrị, Brown katọrọ ya maka ịtụ aro na a gaekenye ọkara ụtụ isi Mineral Resource Rent maka ọdachi ndị naabịa nọdịnihu.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://greens.org.au/content/what-did-bob-brown-really-say-about-floods|title=WHAT DID BOB BROWN REALLY SAY ABOUT THE FLOODS?|accessdate=2011-06-08|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110527150618/http://greens.org.au/content/what-did-bob-brown-really-say-about-floods|archivedate=27 May 2011|date=17 January 2011}}. Retrieved 8 June 2011</ref> O kwuru na mgbanwe ihu igwe, ọkachasị mmetụta na ihu igwe site na ngalaba naegwupụta ihe gaabụrịrị na ọ dịkarịa ala akụkụ nke idei mmiri ahụ kpatara. Nafọ 2011, Brown kwadoro ntinye aka ndị agha na [[Libya]] nafọ 2011.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://bob-brown.greensmps.org.au/articles/libya%E2%80%99s-dictator-should-go-brown|title=Libya's dictator should go - Brown|work=bob-brown.greensmps.org.au|accessdate=2023-08-19|archivedate=2023-03-28|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230328140521/https://bob-brown.greensmps.org.au/articles/libya%E2%80%99s-dictator-should-go-brown}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Greens support UN backed force against Gaddaf|work=parlinfo.aph.gov.au|format=Press release|date=18 March 2011|accessdate=10 February 2023|url=https://parlinfo.aph.gov.au/parlInfo/search/display/display.w3p;query=Id%3A%22media%2Fpressrel%2F631029%22;src1=sm1}}</ref> Nabalị iri abụọ na anọ nọnwa Machị nafọ 2012, nụbọchị ncheta afọ iri anọ nke nguzobe nke ndị Tasmanian Greens, Brown dọrọ aka ná ntị banyere mmebi nke ụwa na mmetụta ọ nwere ike inwe nọgbọ ndị naabịa nọdịnihu.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.themercury.com.au/article/2012/03/24/312341_tasmania-news.html|title=Bob sings up a party|first=Anne|author=Mather|date=27 March 2012|work=Mercury|publisher=News|accessdate=4 April 2012|archivedate=9 May 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120509034656/http://www.themercury.com.au/article/2012/03/24/312341_tasmania-news.html}}</ref> O kwuru na mmepeanya ndị ọzọ dị na mbara igwe bụ: <blockquote> anaghị ekwurịta okwu na Ụwa. Ha agwụla onwe ha. Ha abịala ma pụọ. Ugbu a ọ bụ oge anyị.<ref name="earthians">{{Cite news|url=http://www.theage.com.au/opinion/politics/global-democracy-alone-will-save-us-from-ourselves-20120330-1w3s9.html|title=Global democracy alone will save us from ourselves|first=Bob|author=Brown|date=31 March 2012|work=The Age|accessdate=4 April 2012}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.theage.com.au/opinion/politics/brown-a-green-man-of-many-colours-20120331-1w505.html|title=Brown a Green man of many colours|first=Michelle|author=Grattan|date=1 April 2012|work=The Age|accessdate=4 April 2012}}</ref></blockquote> Dị ka ụzọ o kwere omume iji gbochie nke a, ọ tụrụ aro ka e nwee ụlọ omebe iwu zuru ụwa ọnụ. A nabatara ya site nịkụ aka. Onye osote onye ndú noge ahụ bụ Christine Milne kwuru na ọ bụ "okwu naakpali akpali".<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.theaustralian.com.au/national-affairs/browns-deputy-defends-earthians-speech/story-fn59niix-1226312903472|title=Christine Milne defends 'Earthians' speech|first=Christian|author=Kerr|date=28 March 2012|work=Australian|publisher=News|accessdate=3 May 2012}}</ref> A katọrọ ụzọ ya.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.thepunch.com.au/articles/earth-to-bob.-little-green-men-wont-save-the-world/|title=Earth to Bob. Little green men won't save the world|first=Anthony|author=Sharwood|date=4 April 2012|publisher=The Punch|accessdate=4 April 2012}}</ref> Na Global Greens Conference na Dakar, Senegal Africa, 1 Eprel 2012, Bob Brown kwadoro ka e guzobe "ụlọ omebe iwu zuru ụwa ọnụ" ebe "nwa amaala ọ bụla kwesịrị ikwu okwu ha nhata". Mkpebi ikpeazụ nke ndị Australian Greens na ndị ọzọ kwadoro, gafere.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://en.unpacampaign.org/news/616.php|title=World Congress of Green parties calls for a United Nations Parliamentary Assembly|date=2 April 2012|publisher=Campaign for a United Nations Parliamentary Assembly|accessdate=5 May 2012}}</ref> === Ịgba arụkwaghịm nọchịchị ndị Green === Nabalị iri na atọ nọnwa Eprel afọ 2012, Brown gbara arụkwaghịm dị ka onye ndú nke ndị Green ma kwupụta na ọ gaagba arụkwaghịma na Senate na June mgbe onye nọchiri ya dị. Onye osote ya, Christine Milne, ghọrọ onye ndú ndị Green, na onye omeiwu Melbourne Adam Bandt ghọrọ onye ndọndị Greens.<ref>[http://www.abc.net.au/news/2012-04-13/bob-brown-resigns-as-greens-leader/3948496 As it happened: Bob Brown resigns as Greens leader] – Australian Broadcasting Corporation – Retrieved 24 April 2012.</ref> A họpụtara Peter Whish-Wilson, onye guzoro na Green, dị ka onye nọchiri Brown na Senate.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Greens name Brown's Senate replacement|url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/2012-05-04/whish-wilson-takes-brown-senate-spot/3991174|work=ABC News|accessdate=15 October 2012|date=5 May 2012}}</ref> Brown gbara arụkwaghịm na 15 June 2012 na 3:30 pm, mgbe o nyere onye isi oche nke Senate, John Hogg, arụkwaghịma ya. A ṅụrụ Peter Whish-Wilson iyi n'ime Senate na 21 June. == Mgbe ọ kwụsịrị ọrụ == Brown guzobere Bob Brown Foundation na onye mmekọ ya ogologo oge Paul Thomas iji kwalite mmata gburugburu ebe obibi.<ref>{{Cite web|title=ABOUT THE AUTHOR: Bob Brown|url=http://www.newint.com.au/blog/author/bobbrown/|work=New Internationalist Blog|publisher=New Internationalist Publications|accessdate=29 July 2014|year=2014|archivedate=12 August 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140812130730/http://www.newint.com.au/blog/author/bobbrown/}}</ref> Kemgbe e guzobere ya, Bob Brown Foundation enyewo ọtụtụ ndị na-ahụ maka gburugburu ebe obibi na Australia gụnyere Miranda Gibson, Charlie Wood, [[Isaac Astill]], na Drew Hutton onyinye mba.<ref>{{Cite web|title=2013 Environmentalist of the Year Awards|url=http://tasmaniantimes.com/index.php?/weblog/article/2013-environmentalist-of-the-year-awards/|accessdate=9 June 2014}}</ref> Brown bụ onye na-akwado mkpọsa maka nguzobe nke Nzukọ Ndị Omeiwu nke United Nations, otu na-akwado mgbanwe ọchịchị onye kwuo uche ya nke United Nations.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://en.unpacampaign.org/statements/page/7/|title=Statements|work=Campaign for a UN Parliamentary Assembly|date=2017|accessdate=27 October 2017|language=en-US}}</ref> Brown bụ ọkà okwu na egwu egwu Save the Kimberley, nke emere na 5 Ọktoba 2012. N'ịbụ nke e mere na Federation Square na Melbourne, Australia, egwu ahụ bụ akụkụ nke mkpọsa ogologo oge iji mee mkpesa megide atụmatụ iji mepụta mpaghara James Price Point na Broome, Western Australia, Australia. Brown kwukwara okwu na nnọkọ na 2 Septemba 2012 na Sydney, Australia.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Bob Brown Speech at Sydney Save the Kimberley Rally (raw)|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tOJEaeiKAyY|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120902105435/http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tOJEaeiKAyY&gl=US&hl=en|archivedate=2012-09-02|publisher=YouTube|accessdate=6 October 2012|author=kateausburn|date=2 September 2012}}</ref> Brown pụtara na kọntaktị ọzọ iji kwado ihe kpatara Kimberley na 24 Febụwarị 2013, na ndị egwu Missy Higgins na John Butler pụtakwara, na ihe omume emere na The Esplanade na Fremantle, Western Australia. Jarrah Records, akara ndekọ nke Butler guzobere ya na ndị egwu atọ The Waifs na onye njikwa egwu Phil Stevens, rụkọtara ọrụ na The Wilderness Society iji mee omume nefu nke gosipụtara egwu Ball Park Music. [citation needed] Njem iji mee mkpesa maka iwu ụlọ nrụpụta gas a tụrụ aro na James Price Point sonyeere egwu egwu egwu nefu na ndị naakwado ya naese foto na ọkọlọtọ.<ref>{{Cite web|title=John Butler Trio – Facts|url=https://azrefs.org/john-butler-trio--facts.html|accessdate=2020-11-09|work=azrefs.org}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=News Live Reviews Photos Album Reviews Interviews Guide Bands Submit Win PHOTOS: CONCERT FOR THE KIMBERLEY AT FREMANTLE ESPLANADE|url=http://www.spaceshipnews.com.au/photos-concert-for-the-kimberly-at-fremantle-esplanade/|work=Space Ship News|publisher=Space Ship News {{!}} Perth Music.|accessdate=1 March 2013|format=Photo upload|date=27 February 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130501072443/http://www.spaceshipnews.com.au/photos-concert-for-the-kimberly-at-fremantle-esplanade/|archivedate=1 May 2013}}</ref> Na 8 Jenụwarị 2013, a mara ọkwa na Brown gaeweghara dịka onye nduzi nke Australian chapter nke [[Onye Ọzụzụ Atụrụ Oké Osimiri Òtù Nchekwa|Sea Shepherd Conservation Society]], otu naenweghị uru, ụlọ ọrụ nchekwa mmiri.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Bob Brown to steer Sea Shepherd after legal issues force Paul Watson to step down|url=http://www.theaustralian.com.au/news/nation/bob-brown-to-steer-sea-shepherd-after-legal-issues-force-paul-watson-to-step-down/story-e6frg6nf-1226549683529|work=ABC News|accessdate=8 January 2013|date=8 January 2013}}</ref> Ọ kwụsịrị ọrụ nọnwa Eprel afọ 2014.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.smh.com.au/national/bob-brown-steps-down-as-sea-shepherd-chairman-20140402-35yz1.html|work=The Sydney Morning Herald|title=Bob Brown steps down as Sea Shepherd chairman}}</ref> Na Jenụwarị 2016, e jidere Brown mgbe ọ jụrụ ịhapụ Ọhịa Lapoinya na Tasmania, ebe a naakwadebe igbu osisi. Ya na onye ọzọ naeme ngagharị iwe, onye e jidere ụbọchị ole na ole tupu mgbe ahụ, e boro ya ebubo mpụ nokpuru Iwu Ọrụ Tasmania (Nchebe pụọ na Ndị Naeme ngalaba). Ọ bụ ezie na e wepụrụ ebubo ahụ, ha abụọ gara Ụlọikpe Kasị Elu iji kwuo na ndokwa ndị a naebo ha ebubo megidere iwu. Nọnwa Ọktoba afọ 2017, Ụlọikpe Kasị Elu kwetara, site nọtụtụ ọ bụ ezie na nihi ihe dị iche iche, na ndokwa ndị ahụ abaghị uru n'ihi na ha mebiri nnwere onwe iwu nke nkwurịta okwu ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://insidestory.org.au/green-in-judgement|author=Blackshield|first=Tony|title=Green in Judgment|work=Inside Story|date=26 October 2017|accessdate=27 October 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://auspublaw.org/2017/11/the-trajectory-of-structured-proportionality|title=The Trajectory of Structured Proportionality: Brown v Tasmania|author=Chordia|first=Shipra|work=AUSPUBLAW|date=2 November 2017|accessdate=2 November 2017}}</ref> Nọnwa Ọgọst 2016, Brown sonyeere ndị ọrụ Sea Shepherd nụgbọ mmiri ha bụ [[My Steve Irwin|''Steve Irwin'']], ka ọ sonyeere mkpọsa megide igwu egwu na Great Australian Bight.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.9news.com.au/national/2016/08/19/15/35/sea-shepherd-in-sa-to-fight-bp-on-bight|title=Sea Shepherd ramps up SA pressure on BP|work=9news.com.au|accessdate=2023-08-19|archivedate=2016-08-26|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160826194020/http://www.9news.com.au/national/2016/08/19/15/35/sea-shepherd-in-sa-to-fight-bp-on-bight}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/2016-08-05/sea-shepherd-turns-attend-to-bp's-great-australian-bight-plans/7692702|title=Sea Shepherd's Steve Irwin heads to Great Australian Bight to protest against BP's drilling plans - ABC News (Australian Broadcasting Corporation)|work=ABC|date=4 August 2016}}</ref> === Mmegide megide ebe a naegwupụta coal na Queensland === N'ọnwa Eprel afọ 2019, Brown duuru ndị njem mee ngagharị iwe megide ebe a na-egwupụta coal na Carmichael.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2019-06-01/climate-groups-reflect-on-federal-election-results/11156126|title=Environment leaders reflect on their role in the 'climate election' - ABC News|work=amp.abc.net.au}}</ref> === Mmegide megide ụlọ ọrụ ikuku nke Tasmania === Nọnwa Julaị afọ 2019 Brown pụtara naemegide nnukwu ụlọ ọrụ ikuku a gaeguzobe na Northern Tasmania, naakpali nchegbu maka ụdị nnụnụ.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Baxendale|first=Rachel|title=Di Natale defends Brown|url=https://www.theaustralian.com.au/subscribe/news/1/?sourceCode=TAWEB_WRE170_a&dest=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theaustralian.com.au%2Fnation%2Fpolitics%2Frichard-di-natale-defends-bob-brown-over-wind-farm-opposition%2Fnews-story%2F90ff3f72368b50ad3c802344cd4cd987&memtype=anonymous&mode=premium&nk=493dc9250223b54a26307bc9e4fda2d6-1737436725|accessdate=26 March 2020|work=www.theaustralian.com.au|date=21 July 2019|language=en}}</ref> == Ndụ onwe onye == Najụjụ ọnụ a gbara akwụkwọ akụkọ nafọ 1976, Brown kwupụtara na ya nwere onye mmekọ nwoke na nwanyị iji mee ka ịkpa ókè pụta ìhè ma gbaa mgbanwe iwu ume nihi na omume nwoke idina nwoke na Tasmania nọgidere bụrụ mpụ ruo nafọ 1997.<ref name="DoctorSaysHesGay">{{Cite news|title=Doctor says he's gay|work=Launceston Examiner|date=10 June 1976|page=3}}</ref><ref name="DoctorSaysHesGay" /><ref name="lbnl">{{Cite news|author=Jahshan|first=Elias|title=Last but not least: when Tasmania decriminalised homosexuality|date=5 June 2014|url=http://www.starobserver.com.au/features/community-spotlight/last-but-not-least-when-tasmania-decriminalised-homosexuality/123785|accessdate=6 November 2016|work=Star Observer}}</ref> Brown bi ugbu a na Eggs na Bacon Bay,Tasmania, ya na onye mmekọ ya ogologo oge, Paul Thomas, onye ọrụ ugbo na onye naeme ngagharị iwe onye ọ zutere na 1996.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.theage.com.au/federal-election/the-issue-others-avoid-20100818-12f4n.html|title=The issue others avoid|first=Carol|author=Nader|date=19 August 2010|work=The Age|accessdate=1 October 2010}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.smh.com.au/articles/2004/09/30/1096527861329.html|title=How green is Brown's valley|work=The Sydney Morning Herald|date=1 October 2004|accessdate=1 October 2010}}</ref> Brown bụ onye guzobere, na 1990, nke Australian Bush Heritage Fund, ugbu a Bush Heritage Australia, otu gburugburu ebe obibi naenweghị uru nke raara onwe ya nye ịzụta na ichekwa ọhịa Australia. Ọ bụ onye isi oche nke nzukọ ahụ ruo 1996.<ref name="BHA">{{Cite web|url=http://www.bushheritage.org.au/about/people/our_patrons|title=Bush Heritage Australia: Our Patron|publisher=Bush Heritage|accessdate=23 August 2010|archivedate=7 February 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140207204350/http://www.bushheritage.org.au/about/people/our_patrons}}</ref> Nabalị iri abụọ nọnwa Machị n'afọ 2011, Brown nyere Bush Heritage Australia ihe onwunwe na ụlọ dị hekta iri na anọ (35-acre). Ihe onwunwe ahụ dị kilomita 47 (29 miles) nebe ndịda ọdịda anyanwụ nke Launceston, Tasmania, na Ndagwurugwu Liffey. Dị ka Australian Geographic si kwuo, ọ bụ ebe akụkọ ihe mere eme na ihe nnọchianya dị mkpa.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.australiangeographic.com.au/journal/bob-brown-gives-away-his-house.htm|title=Bob Brown gives away his green sanctuary|publisher=Australian Geographic|date=21 March 2011|accessdate=22 March 2011|first=John|author=Pickrell|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110324000513/http://www.australiangeographic.com.au/journal/bob-brown-gives-away-his-house.htm|archivedate=24 March 2011}}</ref> Brown naakọwa onwe ya dị ka "onye Presbyterian dara ada".<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://m.theage.com.au/national/q-what-do-these-mps-have-in-common-a-they-are-out-and-proud-atheists-20100313-q59i.html|title=Q: What do these MPs have in common? A: They are out and proud atheists|date=14 March 2010|work=The Age|accessdate=14 March 2010}}</ref> Najụjụ ọnụ ya na Richard Fidler na redio ABC, Nigel Brennan, onye nta akụkọ foto Australia nke a tọọrọ na Somalia ma jide ya ruo ụbọchị 462, kpughere na Brown nyere $ 100,000 nke ego nke ya iji nyere aka kwụọ ụgwọ mgbapụta maka ntọhapụ ya. [ntụgharị dị mkpa] A kpughere ya na Brown kpọtụrụ onye ọchụnta ego Australia Dick Smith na-arịọ ka ọ nye ego maka ntọhapụ Brennan, bụ onye a tọhapụrụ na Nọvemba 2009, kwukwara na ajụjụ ọnụ a na Brown gaagbaziri ego a, nkwupụta nke oge Brennan.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.abc.net.au/local/stories/2011/06/28/3255470.htm|title=Nigel Brennan|publisher=Australian Broadcasting Corporation|date=28 June 2011|accessdate=30 June 2011}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.smh.com.au/world/dick-smith--contributed-to-aussie-hostages-ransom-20091127-jv11.html|title=Dick Smith contributed to Aussie hostage's ransom|date=27 November 2009|accessdate=30 June 2011}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2009/11/27/2754994.htm|title=Dick Smith, Bob Brown in deal to free hostages|publisher=Australian Broadcasting Corporation|date=27 November 2009|accessdate=30 June 2011|archive-date=14 February 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110214224741/http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2009/11/27/2754994.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref> Notu ajụjụ ọnụ ahụ, Brennan kwuru na nadịghị ka ọmịiko Brown, gọọmentị Australia yiri ka ọ nweghị nchegbu maka ọdịmma ya, Praịm Minista Kevin Rudd jụrụ nchegbu nne ya maka ịtọhapụ nwa ya nwoke. Nọnwa Julaị afọ 2012, a nabatara Bob Brown nime Hall of Fame na Coffs Harbour High School, ebe ọ nọrọ akụkụ dị mkpa nke afọ ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị ya.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Bob Brown Rocks Jetty High - Coffs Harbour High School|url=https://coffsharb-h.schools.nsw.gov.au/news/2012/8/bob-brown-rocks-jetty-high1.html|accessdate=2020-11-09|work=coffsharb-h.schools.nsw.gov.au|archivedate=2020-11-13|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20201113105632/https://coffsharb-h.schools.nsw.gov.au/news/2012/8/bob-brown-rocks-jetty-high1.html}}</ref> == Akwụkwọ ndị e bipụtara == Brown ebipụtala ọtụtụ akwụkwọ gụnyere Wild Rivers (1983), Lake Pedder (1986), Tarkine Trails (1994), The Greens (1996) (ya na Peter Singer), ''Memo'' for a Saner World (2004), Valley of the Giants (2004), Tasmania's Recherche Bay (2005), Earth (2009), In Balfour Street (2010) na Optimism: reflections on a life of action (2014).<ref>{{Cite web|title=author:(bob brown)|url=http://catalogue.nla.gov.au/Search/Home?lookfor=bob+brown&type=author|work=National Library of Australia Catalogue|publisher=National Library of Australia|accessdate=15 October 2012|year=2012}}</ref> Ọ rụkọtara ọrụ, ma ọ bụ kwado ọrụ Geoff Law. Nafọ 2004, James Norman bipụtara akụkọ ndụ mbụ e nyere ikike nke Brown, nke akpọrọ ''Bob Brown'': A Gentle Revolutionary . == Onyinye == Brown enwetala onyinye ndị a: * Akwụkwọ akụkọ Australia 'Australian of the Year' (1983)<ref>{{Cite web|title=My Favourite Australian: Bob Brown|url=http://www.abc.net.au/tv/myfavouriteaustralian/brown.htm|publisher=ABC|accessdate=15 October 2012|author=Martin Walch|year=2008|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131213225008/http://www.abc.net.au/tv/myfavouriteaustralian/brown.htm#|archivedate=13 December 2013}}</ref> * Ihe nrite [[International Union for Conservation of Nature|IUCN]] Packard (1984) * [[Ihe Omume Na-ahụ Maka Gburugburu Ebe Obibi nke Mba Ndị Dị n'Otu|UNEP]] Global 500 Roll of Honour (1987) * Ihe nrite gburugburu ebe obibi nke Goldman (1990) * MAPW Distinguished Physician Award (1990)<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.bushheritage.org.au/about/people/our_patrons|title=Our Patron – Senator Bob Brown – Bush Heritage Australia|publisher=Bushheritage.org.au|accessdate=8 July 2011|archivedate=7 February 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140207204350/http://www.bushheritage.org.au/about/people/our_patrons}}</ref> * Magazin BBC Wildlife 'Onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị kachasị akpali akpali' (1996)<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.penguin.com.au/contributors/bob-brown|title=Penguin Books Australia|publisher=Penguin.com.au|accessdate=8 July 2011}}</ref> * National Trust Australian National Treasure (1998) * Rainforest Action Network Environmental Hero (2006)<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.australianpolitics.com/parties/greens/07-05-10_bob-brown-biography.pdf|title=Senator Bob Brown – Australian Greens|accessdate=8 July 2011|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110629153238/http://www.australianpolitics.com/parties/greens/07-05-10_bob-brown-biography.pdf|archivedate=29 June 2011}}</ref> * Ihe nrite udo nke Australia (2009)<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://poa.org.au/admin/?q=node/11|title=Australian Peace Prize &#124; Peace Organisation of Australia|work=poa.org.au|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110219023257/http://poa.org.au/admin/?q=node%2F11|archivedate=19 February 2011}}</ref> * Onye Ọkachamara Ịntanet nke Afọ (2010) == Ihe odide ==  {{Reflist|25em}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Brown, Robert}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] aot2wjp0kyview1auzgu2zrnt4hmkgt 0 29520 727528 631932 2026-09-24T05:46:55Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727528 wikitext text/x-wiki Cellulosic ethanol bụ ethanol (ethyl mmanya) nke sitere na cellulose (eriri eriri nke osisi) karịa site na mkpụrụ osisi ma ọ bụ mkpụrụ osisi. Enwere ike imepụta ya site na ahịhịa, osisi, algae, ma ọ bụ osisi ndị ọzọ. A na-ekwukarị maka iji ya dị ka mmanụ mmanụ. Carbon dioxide nke ihe ọkụkụ na-amịkọrọ ka ha na-etolite na-ewepụ ụfọdụ n’ime carbon dioxide na-apụta mgbe ethanol nke sitere na ha na-agba ọkụ, ya mere mmanụ cellulosic ethanol nwere ikike inwe akara ụkwụ carbon dị ala karịa mmanụ ọkụ. Mmasị e nwere na ethanol cellulosic bụ ikike ọ nwere iji dochie ethanol nke sitere na ọka ma ọ bụ okpete. Ebe ọ bụ na a na-ejikwa osisi ndị a na-emepụta ihe oriri, ịtụgharị ha maka mmepụta ethanol nwere ike ime ka ọnụ ahịa nri na-ebili; N'aka nke ọzọ, isi mmalite nke cellulose, n'ozuzu adịghị mpi nri, ebe ọ bụ na akụkụ fibrous nke osisi na-abụkarị ndị mmadụ anaghị eri ya. Uru ọzọ nwere ike ime bụ nnukwu ụdị dị iche iche na ụba nke isi mmalite cellulose; A na-ahụ ahịhịa, osisi na algae n'ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ebe ọ bụla dị n'ụwa. Ọbụna ihe mkpofu siri ike nke ime obodo dị ka akwụkwọ nwere ike ime ka ọ bụrụ ethanol. Isi ihe na-adịghị mma nke ethanol cellulosic ugbu a bụ ọnụ ahịa mmepụta ya dị elu, nke dị mgbagwoju anya ma na-achọ usoro ndị ọzọ karịa ethanol nke dabeere na ọka ma ọ bụ okpete. Ethanol cellulosic nwetara nlebara anya dị ukwuu na 2000s na mmalite 2010s. Gọọmenti United States kacha nyere ego nyocha n'ime azụmahịa ya wee debe ebumnuche maka oke ethanol cellulosic agbakwunyere na mmanụ ụgbọala. Ọnụ ọgụgụ dị ukwuu nke ụlọ ọrụ ọhụrụ ọkachamara na cellulosic ethanol, na mgbakwunye na ọtụtụ ụlọ ọrụ dị ugbu a, tinyere ego na-emepụta ihe ọkụkụ. Otú ọ dị, mmepụta ethanol dabeere na ọka dị ọnụ ala karị, yana ọnụ ala mmanụ dị na 2010, pụtara na cellulosic ethanol adịghị asọmpi na mmanụ ọkụ ndị a kwadoro. N'ihi ya, ọtụtụ n'ime ndị ọhụrụ refineries e mechiri n'etiti 2010s na ọtụtụ n'ime ndị ọhụrụ tọrọ ntọala ghọrọ ihe efu. Ole na ole ka dị, mana a na-ejikarị eme ihe ngosi ma ọ bụ ebumnuche nyocha; Dị ka nke 2021, ọ dịghị onye na-emepụta ethanol cellulosic n'ọtụtụ. == Nchịkọta == Cellulosic ethanol bụ ụdị biofuel emepụtara site na lignocellulose, ihe eji arụ ọrụ nke nwere ọtụtụ n'ime oke osisi ma mejupụtara ya bụ cellulose, hemicellulose na lignin. Ebe ndị a ma ama nke lignocellulose gụnyere ma ngwaahịa mkpofu ọrụ ugbo (dịka stovu ọka ma ọ bụ ibe osisi) na ahịhịa dị ka switchgrass na ụdị miscanthus. Akụrụngwa ndị a maka mmepụta ethanol nwere uru nke [[Iba|ịba]] ụba ma dị iche iche na ha agaghị mpi mmepụta nri, n'adịghị ka ọka na okpete ndị a na-ejikarị eme ihe. Agbanyeghị, ha na-achọkwa nhazi karịa iji mee ka monomers shuga dị na microorganisms a na-ejikarị emepụta ethanol site na gbaa ụka, nke na-ebuli ọnụ ahịa ethanol sitere na cellulos. Cellulosic ethanol nwere ike ibelata ikuku griin haus site na 85% karịa mmanụ ụgbọala emezigharịrị. N'ụzọ dị iche, starch ethanol (dịka, site na ọka), nke na-ejikarị gas sitere n'okike na-enye ume maka usoro ahụ, nwere ike ọ gaghị ebelata ikuku gas na-ekpo ọkụ ma ọlị dabere n'otú e si emepụta nri nri starch. Dabere na National Academy of Sciences na 2011, ọ nweghị ihe nrụpụta bio-refinery dị adị maka ịtụgharị lignocellulosic biomass ka ọ bụrụ mmanụ ọkụ. Enweghị mmepụta nke cellulosic ethanol n'ogo nke iwu chọrọ bụ ihe ndabere nke Ụlọikpe Mkpegharị Mkpegharị nke United States maka District nke Columbia mara ọkwa January 25, 2013, na-emebi ihe a chọrọ n'aka ndị na-emepụta mmanụ ụgbọala na ụgbọala na United States site na. Ụlọ ọrụ nchekwa gburugburu ebe obibi chọrọ mgbakwunye nke cellulosic biofuels na ngwaahịa ha. Okwu ndị a, yana ọtụtụ ihe ịma aka mmepụta ihe ndị ọzọ siri ike, mere ka ndị nchọpụta amụma Mahadum George Washington kwupụta na "n'oge dị mkpirikpi, [cellulosic] ethanol enweghị ike izute nchekwa ike na ihe mgbaru ọsọ gburugburu ebe obibi nke mmanụ ụgbọala ọzọ." == Akụkọ ihe mere eme == Onye French chemist, Henri Braconnot, bụ onye mbụ chọpụtara na cellulose nwere ike ime ka mmiri ghọọ shuga site na iji sulfuric acid na 1819. A pụkwara ịhazi sugar hydrolyzed ka ọ ghọọ ethanol site na gbaa ụka. Emepụta ethanol mbụ a na-ere ahịa malitere na Germany na 1898, bụ́ ebe a na-eji acid mee ka cellulose hydrolyze. Na United States, Standard Alcohol Company meghere ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ethanol cellulosic mbụ na South Carolina na 1910. Mgbe e mesịrị, e meghere ụlọ ọrụ nke abụọ na Louisiana. Otú ọ dị, e mechiri osisi abụọ ahụ mgbe Agha Ụwa Mbụ gasịrị n'ihi ihe kpatara akụ na ụba. Mgbalị mbụ nke ịzụ ahịa usoro maka ethanol sitere na osisi ka emere na Germany na 1898. Ọ gụnyere iji acid dilute hydrolyze cellulose na glucose, ma nwee ike iwepụta 7.6 lita ethanol kwa 100 kg nke ahịhịa osisi (18 US gal (68 L) kwa ton). N'oge na-adịghị anya ndị Jamanị mepụtara usoro mmepụta ihe ahaziri maka mpụta ihe ruru galọn US 50 (190 L) kwa tọn biomass. N'oge na-adịghị anya, usoro a chọtara ụzọ ya na United States, na-ejedebe na ụlọ ọrụ azụmahịa abụọ na-arụ ọrụ na ndịda ọwụwa anyanwụ n'oge Agha Ụwa Mbụ. Osisi ndị a na-eji ihe a na-akpọ "Usoro America" - otu akụkụ nke sulfuric acid hydrolysis. Ọ bụ ezie na ihe ndị a amịpụtara bụ ọkara nke usoro German mbụ (galọn US 25 (95 L) nke ethanol kwa ton na 50), ntinye nke usoro America dị elu karịa. Mbelata mmepụta osisi na-amanye ihe ọkụkụ ndị ahụ imechi obere oge ka njedebe nke Agha Ụwa Mbụ gasịrị. Ka ọ dị ugbu a, ntakịrị nyocha nke na-agbanwe agbanwe na dilute acid hydrolysis gara n'ihu na Laboratory USFS's Forest Products. N'oge [[World War II|Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ]], US tụgharịrị ọzọ na cellulosic ethanol, oge a maka ntụgharị na butadiene iji mepụta roba sịntetik. Enyere ụlọ ọrụ Vulcan Copper na Supply nkwekọrịta ịrụ na ịrụ ọrụ osisi iji gbanwee sawdust ka ọ bụrụ ethanol. Ihe ọkụkụ a dabere na ngbanwe na usoro izizi German Scholler dịka ụlọ nyocha nke Forest Products Laboratory mepụtara. Osisi a nwetara mkpụrụ ethanol nke 50 US gal (190 L) kwa ton kpọrọ nkụ, mana ọ kaghị uru ma mechie ya mgbe agha ahụ gasịrị. Site na mmepe ngwa ngwa nke teknụzụ enzyme n'ime afọ iri abụọ gara aga, usoro acid hydrolysis ejiriwo enzymatic hydrolysis dochie ya nke nta nke nta. Kemịkalụ pretreatment nke feedstock a chọrọ ka hydrolyze (iche iche) hemicellulose, n'ihi ya, ọ nwere ike na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma ghọọ sugars. A na-emepụta pretreatment nke acid dilute dabere na ọrụ mbụ na acid hydrolysis nke osisi na Laboratory Products Forest USFS. N'oge na-adịbeghị anya, Laboratory Products Forest yana Mahadum Wisconsin – Madison mepụtara pretreatment sulfite iji merie recalcitrance nke lignocellulose maka enzymatic hydrolysis siri ike nke cellulose osisi. N'okwu 2007 State of the Union na Jenụwarị 23, 2007, Onye isi ala US George W. Bush kwupụtara ikike echere maka galọn US ijeri 35 (130×109 L) nke ethanol n'afọ 2017. Mgbe afọ ahụ gasịrị, Ngalaba Ike US nyere onyinye. $385 nde na onyinye ezubere iji malite mmepụta ethanol na-awụlikwa elu site na isi mmalite ndị na-abụghị omenala dị ka ibe osisi, switchgrass, na peels citrus. == Ụzọ e si emepụta ya == [[Usòrò:Pg166_bioreactor.jpg|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|Bioreactor maka nyocha cellulosic ethanol.]] Usoro iji mepụta ethanol site na iji usoro ndu bụ: # Usoro "pretreatment" iji mee ka ihe lignocellulosic dị ka osisi ma ọ bụ ahịhịa na-eme ka hydrolysis nwee ike. # Cellulose hydrolysis (cellulolysis) iji gbarie ụmụ irighiri ihe n'ime shuga # Microbial gbaa ụka nke shuga ngwọta # Distillation na akpịrị ịkpọ nkụ iji mepụta mmanya dị ọcha N'afọ 2010, e mepụtara ụdị yist sitere na mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa iji mepụta enzymes na-agbari cellulose nke ya. N'ịbụ ndị na-eche na nkà na ụzụ a nwere ike ịba ụba na ọkwa mmepụta ihe, ọ ga-ewepụ otu usoro ma ọ bụ karịa nke cellulolysis, na-ebelata ma oge achọrọ na ọnụ ahịa nke mmepụta. Ọ bụ ezie na lignocellulose bụ akụ ihe ọkụkụ kachasị ukwuu, a na-ebelata ojiji ya site na nhazi ya siri ike. N'ihi ya, a na-achọ ọgwụgwọ dị irè iji tọhapụ cellulose site na lignin seal na usoro crystalline ya iji mee ka ọ nweta ya maka nzọụkwụ hydrolysis na-esote. Ka ọ dị ugbu a, a na-eme ọtụtụ ọgwụgwọ mbụ site n'ụzọ anụ ahụ ma ọ bụ kemịkal. Iji nweta arụmọrụ dị elu, a chọrọ ọgwụgwọ anụ ahụ na nke kemịkal. Pretreatment anụ ahụ na-agụnye ibelata urughuru biomass site n'ibu nhazi ụzọ dị ka egwe ọka ma ọ bụ extrusion. Ngwọta kemịkalụ na-ebelata akụkụ nke lignocellulose ka enzymes wee nweta cellulose maka mmeghachi omume microbial. Usoro pretreatment kemịkalụ gụnyere acid hydrolysis, uzuoku mgbawa, amonia fiber mgbasa, organosolv, sulfite pretreatment, SO2-ethanol-water fractionation, alkaline wet oxidation na ozone pretreatment. E wezụga ntọhapụ cellulose dị irè, ọgwụgwọ dị mma kwesịrị ibelata mmepụta nke ngwaahịa mmebi n'ihi na ha nwere ike igbochi usoro hydrolysis na gbaa ụka. Ọnụnọ nke ndị na-eme ihe na-eme ka ọ dịkwuo mgbagwoju anya ma na-abawanye ọnụ ahịa nke mmepụta ethanol n'ihi usoro nkwụsị nke achọrọ. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, n'agbanyeghị na acid hydrolysis bụ usoro ọgwụgwọ izizi kacha ochie na nke amụrụ, ọ na-emepụta ọtụtụ ihe mgbochi nwere ike gụnyere furfural na hydroxymethylfurfural. Amonia Fiber Expansion (AFEX) bụ ihe atụ nke pretreatment na-ekwe nkwa nke na-emepụta dịghị inhibitors. Ọtụtụ usoro ọgwụgwọ mbụ adịghị arụ ọrụ mgbe etinyere ya na nri nri nwere ọdịnaya lignin dị elu, dị ka biomass ọhịa. Ndị a chọrọ ụzọ ọzọ ma ọ bụ pụrụ iche. Organosolv, SPORL ('Sulfite pretreatment iji merie recalcitrance nke lignocellulose') na SO2-ethanol-water (AVAP®) usoro bụ atọ usoro nwere ike nweta n'elu 90% cellulose ntughari maka ọhịa biomass, karịsịa ndị softwood ụdị. SPORL bụ ihe kacha arụ ọrụ ike (mmepụta shuga kwa nkeji ike oriri na pretreatment) yana usoro siri ike maka pretreatment nke biomass ọhịa nwere obere mmepụta nke ihe mgbochi gbaa ụka. Organosolv pulping dị irè karịsịa maka [[osisi siri ike]] ma na-enye mgbake dị mfe nke ngwaahịa hydrophobic lignin site na dilution na ọdịda. e ji arụ ọrụ mgbake nke chemicals. === Usoro cellulolytic === Hydrolysis nke cellulose (cellulolysis) na-emepụta shuga dị mfe nke nwere ike ịgbanye n'ime mmanya. Enwere usoro cellulolysis isi abụọ: usoro kemịkalụ iji acid, ma ọ bụ mmeghachi omume enzymatic site na iji cellulases. ==== Hydrolysis nke kemịkal ==== N'ime usoro ọdịnala ndị e mepụtara na narị afọ nke 19 na mmalite nke narị afọ nke 20, a na-eme hydrolysis site na iji acid wakpo cellulose. Enwere ike iji acid dilute n'okpuru oke okpomọkụ na nrụgide dị elu, ma ọ bụ acid nwere ike tinyekwuo nwere ike iji na okpomọkụ dị ala na nrụgide ikuku. Ngwakọta cellulosic nke acid na sugars decrystallized na-emeghachi omume n'ihu mmiri iji mechaa mkpụrụ ndụ shuga n'otu n'otu (hydrolysis). Ngwaahịa sitere na hydrolysis a na-ewepụsị ya, a na-eji gbaa ụka yist emepụta ethanol. Dị ka e kwuru, ihe mgbochi dị ịrịba ama na usoro itughari acid bụ na hydrolysis dị oke ike nke na a na-emepụta ihe ndị na-emebi ihe na-egbu egbu nke nwere ike igbochi gbaa ụka. BlueFire Renewables na-eji acid concentrated n'ihi na ọ naghị emepụta ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ọtụtụ ndị na-egbochi gbaa ụka, mana a ga-ekewapụ ya na mmiri shuga maka recycle [nkewa akwa chromatographic nke na-emegharị emegharị, dịka ọmụmaatụ] ka ọ mara mma n'ahịa. Ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị na-ahụ maka ọrụ nyocha ọrụ ugbo chọpụtara na ha nwere ike ịnweta ma gbaa ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ shuga niile fọdụrụ na ahịhịa ọka. Ndị shuga dị na mgbidi cell nke osisi ahụ, bụ nke a ma ama na ọ siri ike ịkụda. Iji nweta shuga ndị a, ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị na-eji alkaline peroxide dozie ahịhịa ọka wit, wee jiri enzymes pụrụ iche kwatuo mgbidi cell. Usoro a weputara galọn US 93 (350 L) nke ethanol kwa tọn ahịhịa ọka. ==== Hydrolysis nke enzymes ==== Enwere ike ịgbaji agbụ cellulose n'ime mkpụrụ ndụ glucose site na enzymes cellulase. Mmeghachi omume a na-eme na okpomọkụ nke ahụ dị n'ime afọ nke anụ anụ dị ka ehi na atụrụ, bụ ebe ụmụ nje na-emepụta enzymes. Usoro a na-eji ọtụtụ enzymes na ọkwa dị iche iche nke ntụgharị a. N'iji usoro enzymatic yiri nke ahụ, ihe lignocellulosic nwere ike iji enzymaticly mee ihe n'ọnọdụ dịtụ nro (50 ° C na pH 5), si otú a na-eme ka cellulose dị irè na-agbaji na-enweghị nguzobe nke ngwaahịa ndị ga-egbochi ọrụ enzyme. Ụzọ ọgwụgwọ niile bụ isi, gụnyere acid dilute, chọrọ usoro enzymatic hydrolysis iji nweta mkpụrụ shuga dị elu maka ịgba ụka ethanol. Enwere ike iji enzymes fungal mee ka cellulose hydrolyze. Akụrụngwa (mgbe osisi ma ọ bụ ahịhịa) ka ga-ebu ụzọ gwọọ ya iji mee ka ọ dị mma na hydrolysis. N'afọ 2005, ụlọ ọrụ Iogen kwupụtara na ọ na-eji ero Trichoderma reesei na-emepụta usoro iji zoo "enzyme ndị emepụtara pụrụ iche" maka usoro enzymatic hydrolysis. Ụlọ ọrụ Canada ọzọ, SunOpta, na-eji pretreatment mgbawa uzuoku, na-enye nkà na ụzụ ya na Verenium (nke bụbu Celunol Corporation) na Jennings, Louisiana, ụlọ ọrụ Abengoa na Salamanca, Spain, na China Resources Alcohol Corporation na Zhaodong. Ebe nrụpụta CRAC na-eji stovu ọka dị ka akụrụngwa. === Mgbasa nke nje ===   Dị ka o si dị, yist na-eme bred (Saccharomyces cerevisiae), adịla anya n'ụlọ ọrụ ebe a na-emepụta mmanya na-emepụta ethanol sitere na hexoses (sugar carbon isii). N'ihi ọdịdị dị mgbagwoju anya nke carbohydrates dị na lignocellulosic biomass, nnukwu xylose na arabinose (sugar carbon ise sitere na akụkụ hemicellulose nke lignocellulose) dịkwa na hydrolysate. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, na hydrolyzate nke ọka ọka, ihe dịka 30% nke ngụkọta shuga na-agba agba bụ xylose. N'ihi ya, ikike nke microorganisms na-agba agba iji jiri ụdị shuga niile dị na hydrolyzate dị mkpa iji mee ka asọmpi akụ na ụba nke cellulosic ethanol na protein ndị nwere ike na-emepụta ihe. N'ime afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya, injinia metabolic maka microorganisms ejiri na-emepụta ethanol mmanụ egosila ọganihu dị ukwuu. E wezụga Saccharomyces cerevisiae, microorganisms dị ka Zymomonas mobilis na Escherichia coli ka ezubere iche site na injinịa metabolic maka mmepụta ethanol cellulosic. Ihe na-adọrọ adọrọ n'akụkụ akụkụ ahụ mgbakasị ọzọ bụ ike ya ịgbasa shuga carbon ise na-eme ka mkpụrụ nke ngwaahịa nri dịkwuo mma. A na-ahụkarị ikike a n'ime ihe ndị sitere na nje bacteria. [Ihe ndekọ achọrọ] N'oge na-adịbeghị anya, a kọwapụtara yist ndị emepụtara nke ọma na-agbakọ xylose, na arabinose, na ọbụna ha abụọ ọnụ. Mkpụrụ ndụ yist na-adọrọ mmasị karịsịa maka usoro ethanol cellulosic n'ihi na ejirila ha na nkà na ụzụ biotechnology ruo ọtụtụ narị afọ, na-anabata ethanol dị elu na ntinye ihe mgbochi ma nwee ike itolite na obere pH ụkpụrụ iji belata mmetọ nje. === Ngwakọta hydrolysis na fermentation === A hụla ụfọdụ ụdị nje bacteria nwere ike ịtụgharị mkpụrụ okwu cellulose ka ọ bụrụ ethanol. Otu ihe atụ bụ Clostridium thermocellum, bụ́ nke na-eji cellulosome dị mgbagwoju anya gbarie cellulose na synthesize ethanol. Agbanyeghị, C. thermocelum na-emepụtakwa ngwaahịa ndị ọzọ n'oge metabolism cellulose, gụnyere acetate na lactate, na mgbakwunye na ethanol, na-ebelata arụmọrụ nke usoro ahụ. A na-atụkwa ụfọdụ mbọ nyocha iji kwalite mmepụta ethanol site na nje bacteria injinia mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa na-elekwasị anya n'okporo ụzọ na-emepụta ethanol. === Usoro gas (ụzọ okpomọkụ) === [[Usòrò:Holzvergaser_Güssing.jpg|thumb|200x200px|Mmiri na-agbanye n'àkwà na Güssing Burgenland [[Austria]]]] Usoro gasification anaghị adabere na kemịkalụ kemịkalụ nke cellulose yinye (cellulolysis). Kama ịgbaji cellulose n'ime ụmụ irighiri shuga, a na-eme ka carbon dị n'ihe ndị dị n'ime ya ghọọ gas na-emepụta ihe, na-eji ihe ruru ọkụ ọkụ. Enwere ike inye carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide na hydrogen ka ọ bụrụ ụdị fermenter pụrụ iche. Kama ịgbakọ sugar na yist, usoro a na-eji nje bacteria Clostridium ljungdahlii. Ihe microorganism a ga-etinye carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide na hydrogen ma mepụta ethanol na mmiri. Ya mere enwere ike imebi usoro a ụzọ atọ: # Gasification - A na-agbajikwa molekul gbagọrọ agbagọ nke carbon iji nweta carbon dị ka carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide na hydrogen. # Fermentation - Tugharia carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide na hydrogen ka ọ bụrụ ethanol site na iji organism Clostridium ljungdahlii. # Distillation - Ethanol kewapụrụ na mmiri Nnyocha e mere n'oge na-adịbeghị anya achọpụtala nje bacteria Clostridium ọzọ nke yiri ka ọ na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma ugboro abụọ n'ịme ethanol sitere na carbon monoxide dị ka nke a kpọtụrụ aha n'elu. N'aka nke ọzọ, a na-enyefe gas na-emepụta gas site na gasification na reactor catalytic ebe a na-eji emepụta ethanol na mmanya ndị ọzọ dị elu site na usoro thermochemical. Usoro a nwekwara ike ịmepụta ụdị mmanụ ọkụ ndị ọzọ, echiche ọzọ nke ụlọ ọrụ Montreal Enerkem gosipụtara nke ọma n'ụlọ ọrụ ha na Westbury, Quebec. == Hemicellulose na ethanol == A na-eme nnyocha siri ike iji zụlite ụzọ akụ na ụba iji gbanwee ma cellulose na hemicellulose na ethanol. Fermentation nke glucose, bụ isi ngwaahịa nke cellulose hydrolyzate, na ethanol bụ usoro emebelarị ma rụọ ọrụ nke ọma. Agbanyeghị, ntughari nke xylose, shuga pentose nke hemicellulose hydrolyzate, bụ ihe na-egbochi ya, ọkachasị na ọnụnọ glucose. Ọzọkwa, a pụghị ileghara ya anya dị ka hemicellulose ga-eme ka arụmọrụ na ọnụ ahịa nke mmepụta ethanol cellulosic dịkwuo elu. Sakamoto (2012) et al. gosi ike nke mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa injinia iji gosipụta enzymes hemicellulase. Ndị nchọpụta ahụ mepụtara ụdị Saccharomyces cerevisiae recombinant nke nwere ike: # hydrolyze hemicellulase site na codeisplaying endoxylanase n'elu cell ya, # assimilate xylose site na ngosipụta nke xylose reductase na xylitol dehydrogenase. Ahụhụ ahụ nwere ike ịtụgharị ahịhịa ahịhịa osikapa ka ọ bụrụ ethanol, nke nwere akụkụ hemicellulosic. Ọzọkwa, ọ na-enwe ike ịmepụta 2.5x ọzọ ethanol karịa njikwa njikwa, na-egosi usoro dị irè nke elu cell-engineering na-emepụta ethanol. == Uru ya == === Uru ndị ethanol na-arụ n'ozuzu ha === Ethanol na-ere ọkụ nke ọma na nke ọma karịa mmanụ ụgbọala. N'ihi na osisi na-eri carbon dioxide ka ha na-etolite, bioethanol nwere akara ukwu carbon dị ala karịa mmanụ ọkụ. Ịgbanwe ethanol maka mmanụ nwekwara ike ibelata ndabere obodo na mbubata mmanụ. === Uru nke cellulosic ethanol karịa ọka ma ọ bụ ethanol sitere na shuga === {| class="wikitable" style="float: right; margin-left: 10px" ! colspan="3" align="center" style="background-color: #ABCDEF;" |U.S. Environmental Protection AgencyDraft ndụ ndụ ndụ GHG emissions reduction results for different horizon time and discount rate approaches (gụnyere indirect land use changes mmetụta)<br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><ref name="EPAdraft">{{Cite web|title=EPA Lifecycle Analysis of Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Renewable Fuels - Technical Highlights|url=http://www.epa.gov/otaq/renewablefuels/420f09024.pdf|accessdate=2009-06-07|archive-date=2009-06-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090629060803/http://epa.gov/otaq/renewablefuels/420f09024.pdf|url-status=dead}} ''See Table 1''.</ref><br /><br /><br /><br /> |- ! style="background-color: #ABCDEF;" |Ụzọ Mmanụ ! style="background-color: #ABCDEF;" |100 afọ + 2% discount<br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /> ! style="background-color: #ABCDEF;" |Afọ 30 + 0% ọnụego ego<br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /> |- |Ethanol ọka (ihe igwe ihe na-ekpo ọkụ) (¹) | style="text-align:center" | -16% | style="text-align:center" | +5% |- |Ethanol ọka (Ng DM kacha mma) (²) | style="text-align:center" | -39% | style="text-align:center" | -18% |- |Ethanol ọka (ihe igwe ihe na-akpụ akpụ) | style="text-align:center" | +13% | style="text-align:center" | +34% |- |Ethanol ọka (ihe igwe ihe kpọrọ nkụ) | style="text-align:center" | -39% | style="text-align:center" | -18% |- |Ethanol ọka (ihe igwe ihe kpọrọ nkụ nke nwere okpomọkụ na ike)<br /><br /><br /><br /> | style="text-align:center" | -47% | style="text-align:center" | -26% |- |Ethhanol shuga nke Brazil | style="text-align:center" | -44% | style="text-align:center" | -26% |- |Cellulosic ethanol sitere na switchgrass | style="background-color:#ffffcc;text-align:center" | -128% | style="background-color:#ffffcc;text-align:center" | -124% |- |Cellulosic ethanol sitere na ọka stover | style="background-color:#ffffcc;text-align:center" | -115% | style="background-color:#ffffcc;text-align:center" | -116% |- | colspan="3" |<small>Rịba ama: (1) Osisi ndị na-egweri ihe (DM) na-egwe ihe niile ma na-emepụta naanị otu isi ihe: distillers grains with solubles (DGS). (2) Osisi kachasị mma na-emepụta distillers mmiri grains co-product.<br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /></small> |} Mmepụta ethanol cellulosic nke a na-ere n'ahịa, nke n'adịghị ka ọka na okpete agaghị mpi mmepụta nri, ga-adọrọ mmasị nke ukwuu ebe ọ ga-ebelata nrụgide a na-enwe n'ubi nri ndị a. Ọ bụ ezie na ọnụ ahịa nhazi ya dị elu, ọnụahịa cellulose biomass dị ọnụ ala karịa nke ọka ma ọ bụ mkpụrụ osisi. Ọzọkwa, ebe ọ bụ na cellulose bụ isi ihe na-emepụta ihe ọkụkụ, a pụrụ iweta ihe ọkụkụ ahụ dum, ọ bụghị nanị mkpụrụ osisi ma ọ bụ mkpụrụ osisi. Nke a na-ebute mkpụrụ kacha mma; dịka ọmụmaatụ, switchgrass na-amịpụta ethanol okpukpu abụọ karịa ọka. Ihe biomass maka mmepụta cellulose chọrọ ntinye ole na ole, dị ka fatịlaịza, ahịhịa ahịhịa, na mgbọrọgwụ ha buru ibu na-eme ka mma ala dị mma, belata mbuze, ma na-abawanye njide na-edozi ahụ. Mgbasa ụkwụ carbon zuru ụwa ọnụ na ikike okpomoku zuru ụwa ọnụ nke ethanol cellulosic dị ala nke ukwuu (lee eserese) na ike ụgbụ a na-enweta dị elu ọtụtụ ugboro karịa nke ethanol dabere na ọka. Ngwa akụrụngwa nwere ike hiri nne. Ihe dị ka 44% nke mkpofu ụlọ a na-emepụta n'ụwa niile bụ nri na elu. A na-atụfu ihe dị ka nde tọn 323 nke akụrụngwa nwere cellulose nke enwere ike iji mepụta ethanol kwa afọ na US naanị. Nke a gụnyere nde tọn 36.8 nke mkpofu nkụ n'obodo mepere emepe, nde tọn 90.5 nke ihe mkpofu ahịhịa, nde tọn 45 nke ahịhịa ahịhịa, na 150.7 nde tọn nkụ ọka na ahịhịa ọka. Ọzọkwa, a pụrụ iji ihe ọkụkụ na-emepụta cellulose kụọ ọbụna akụkụ ala maka ọrụ ugbo, nke na-ebute mmepụta zuru oke iji dochie anya mbubata mmanụ ugbu a na United States. Akwụkwọ, kaadiboodu, na nkwakọ ngwaahịa nwere ihe dị ka 17% nke mkpofu ụlọ zuru ụwa ọnụ; ọ bụ ezie na a na-emegharị ụfọdụ n'ime ihe ndị a. Dị ka ngwaahịa ndị a nwere cellulose, ha na-agbanwe ghọọ cellulosic ethanol, nke ga-ezere mmepụta nke methane, ikuku griin ha siri ike, n'oge ire ere. == Ọghọm ya == === Ọghọm ndị ọzọ === Isi ihe ndọghachi azụ nke mmanụ ethanol bụ akụ na ụba mmanụ ala ya dị ala ma e jiri ya tụnyere mmanụ ụgbọala mgbe ị na-eji ethanol n'ime injin emebere maka mmanụ ụgbọala nwere oke mkpakọ dị ala. === Ọghọm nke cellulosic ethanol karịa ọka ma ọ bụ ethanol sitere na shuga === Ihe kachasị njọ nke ethanol cellulosic bụ ọnụ ahịa dị elu na mgbagwoju anya nke mmepụta ya, bụ nke bụ isi ihe na-egbochi azụmahịa ya. == Ọnọdụ akụ na ụba == Ọ bụ ezie na ahịa bioethanol zuru ụwa ọnụ nwere oke (ihe dị ka ijeri lita 110 na 2019), ihe ka ukwuu bụ sitere na ọka ma ọ bụ okpete, ọ bụghị cellulose. N'afọ 2007, a na-eme atụmatụ ọnụ ahịa mmepụta ethanol site na isi mmalite cellulosic ca. USD 2.65 kwa galọn (€0.58 kwa lita), nke dị ihe dị ka ugboro 2–3 dị ọnụ karịa ethanol nke sitere na ọka. Agbanyeghị, ahịa ethanol cellulosic ka dị obere ma dabere na enyemaka gọọmentị. Gọọmenti US bu ụzọ debere ebumnuche cellulosic ethanol nke nta nke nta na-agbago site na ijeri lita 1 na 2011 ruo ijeri lita 60 na 2022. Agbanyeghị, ihe mgbaru ọsọ ndị a kwa afọ fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ mgbe niile ka ewepụrụ ya mgbe ọ bịara doo anya na enweghị ohere izute ha. Ọtụtụ n'ime osisi ndị na-emepụta ethanol cellulosic kagburu ma ọ bụ gbahapụrụ na mmalite 2010s. Osisi ndị DuPont, General Motors na BP wuru ma ọ bụ kwadoro ya, n'etiti ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ, mechiri ma ọ bụ ree ya. Dị ka nke 2018, ọ bụ naanị otu nnukwu osisi fọdụrụ na US. Ka e wee too ya na nnukwu mmepụta, cellulose biomass aghaghị ịsọ mpi n'iji ala ubi a na-eme ihe, karịsịa maka mmepụta ihe ọkụkụ. N'ime ijeri acres 2.26 nke United States (nde 9.1 km2) nke ala enweghị mmiri, 33% bụ oke ọhịa, 26% ala ịta ahịhịa na ahịhịa, na 20% ala ihe ọkụkụ. Nnyocha nke Ngalaba Maka Ike na Ọrụ Ugbo nke U.S. na 2005 tụrụ aro na 1.3 ijeri tọn nkụ nke biomass dị maka iji ethanol eme ihe ma na-ejigide mmetụta a na-anakwere na ọhịa, ọrụ ugbo. === Ntụnyere ya na ethanol sitere na ọka === Ka ọ dị ugbu a, cellulose na-esi ike ma dị ọnụ karịa ịhazi n'ime ethanol karịa ọka ma ọ bụ okpete. Ngalaba ike nke United States mere atụmatụ na 2007 na ọ na-efu ihe dịka $2.20 kwa galọn iji mepụta ethanol cellulosic, nke bụ 2-3 ugboro karịa ethanol sitere na ọka. Enzymes nke na-emebi mgbidi cell cell na-eri US $ 0.40 kwa galọn ethanol ma e jiri ya tụnyere US $ 0.03 maka ọka. Otú ọ dị, cellulosic biomass dị ọnụ ala karịa ọka, n'ihi na ọ na-achọ ntinye ole na ole, dị ka ume, fatịlaịza, ahịhịa ahịhịa, na-esonyere ya na obere mbuze nke ala na mma ala ọmụmụ. Na mgbakwunye, ihe siri ike na-adịghị agba agba na enweghị ntụgharị nke fọdụrụ mgbe emechara ethanol nwere ike ịgba ọkụ iji nye mmanụ ọkụ dị mkpa iji rụọ ọrụ ngbanwe ma mepụta ọkụ eletrik. Ike a na-eji na-arụ ọrụ ethanol sitere na ọka sitere na coal na gas. Ụlọ ọrụ maka ịdabere na onwe onye na mpaghara na-eme atụmatụ ọnụahịa cellulosic ethanol sitere na ọgbọ mbụ nke osisi azụmahịa ga-adị na $ 1.90- $ 2.25 kwa galọn, ewezuga ihe mkpali. Nke a tụlere ọnụ ahịa ugbu a bụ $1.20–$1.50 kwa galọn maka ethanol sitere na ọka yana ọnụ ahịa mkpọsa ugbu a karịrị $4.00 kwa galọn maka mmanụ ụgbọala mgbe niile (nke a na-enye nkwado na ụtụ). === Ihe mgbochi nke ọnụ ahịa enzyme === Cellulases na hemicellulases eji na mmepụta nke cellulosic ethanol dị ọnụ karịa ndị ọgbọ mbụ ha. Enzymes achọrọ maka mmepụta ethanol ọka ọka na-efu 2.64-5.28 US dollar kwa cubic mita nke ethanol emepụtara. Enzymes maka mmepụta ethanol cellulosic na-atụ anya na ọ ga-efu 79.25 US dollar, nke pụtara na ha dị okpukpu 20-40 karịa ọnụ. A na-ekwu na ọnụ ahịa dị iche na ọnụọgụ achọrọ. Ezinụlọ cellulase nke enzymes nwere usoro nke otu ma ọ bụ abụọ n'usoro pere mpe nke arụmọrụ. Ya mere, ọ na-achọ 40 ruo 100 ugboro karịa nke enzyme ka ọ dị na mmepụta ya. Maka tọn nke ọ bụla biomass ọ chọrọ 15-25 kilogram nke enzyme. Atụmatụ ndị na-adịbeghị anya dị ala, na-atụ aro 1 kg nke enzyme kwa tọn kpọrọ nkụ nke nri nri biomass. Enwekwara ọnụ ahịa isi obodo dị elu jikọtara ya na ogologo oge nnabata maka ụgbọ mmiri na-arụ ọrụ hydrolysis enzymatic. N'ozuzu, enzymes nwere akụkụ dị ịrịba ama nke 20-40% maka mmepụta ethanol cellulosic. Otu akwụkwọ na-adịbeghị anya na-eme atụmatụ na nsonye dị na 13-36% nke ọnụ ahịa ego, na isi ihe bụ otú e si emepụta enzyme cellulase. Maka cellulase emepụtara na mpụga, mmepụta enzyme ruru 36% nke ọnụ ahịa ego. Maka enzyme emepụtara na saịtị na osisi dị iche, akụkụ ya bụ 29%; Maka mmepụta enzyme agbakwunyere, akụkụ ya bụ 13%. Otu n'ime uru ndị bụ isi nke mmepụta agbakwunyere bụ na biomass kama glucose bụ usoro uto enzyme. Biomass na-efu obere ego, ọ na-eme ka ethanol cellulosic na-esi na ya pụta bụrụ 100% biofuel nke abụọ, ya bụ, ọ dịghị eji 'nri maka mmanụ'. == Nri nri == N'ozuzu, e nwere ụdị nri nri abụọ: ọhịa (osisi) biomass na biomass ugbo. Na US, ihe dị ka ijeri tọn 1.4 akọrọ nke biomass ka enwere ike imepụta nke ọma kwa afọ. Ihe dị ka nde tọn 370 ma ọ bụ 30% bụ biomass nke ọhịa. Ohia biomass nwere cellulose na lignin dị elu yana ọdịnaya hemicellulose na ntụ dị ala karịa biomass ugbo. N'ihi ihe isi ike na mkpụrụ ethanol dị ala na fermenting pretreatment hydrolysate, ọkachasị ndị nwere shuga dị elu 5 carbon hemicellulose dị ka xylose, biomass ọhịa nwere nnukwu uru karịa biomass ugbo. Biomass nke ọhịa nwekwara nnukwu njupụta nke na-ebelata ọnụ ahịa njem. Enwere ike iweta ya n'afọ nke na-ewepụ nchekwa ogologo oge. Ọdịnaya ntụ ntụ dị nso nke biomass nke ọhịa na-ebelata nke ọma ibu n'ime njem na nhazi. Iji gboo mkpa maka ihe dị iche iche dị iche iche, biomass nke ọhịa ga-abụ ngwakọta ihe oriri dị mkpa na-enye nri n'ime akụ na ụba biobased n'ọdịnihu. Otú ọ dị, biomass nke ọhịa na-atụgharị uche karịa biomass nke ugbo. N'oge na-adịbeghị anya, USDA Forest Products Laboratory yana Mahadum Wisconsin-Madison mepụtara teknụzụ dị mma nke nwere ike imeri ike recalcitrance nke ọhịa (osisi) biomass gụnyere nke ụdị softwood nwere obere xylan ọdịnaya. Omenala kpụ ọkụ n'ọnụ nke obere oge ma ọ bụ ọrụ ugbo osisi nwere ike inye ohere na-enweghị oke maka mmepụta biomass nke ọhịa. Osisi osisi sitere na slashes na n'elu osisi wee hụ uzuzu sitere na igwe igwe, na akwụkwọ mkpofu bụ nri anụ ọhịa biomass maka mmepụta ethanol cellulosic. Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum) bụ ahịhịa ahịhịa toro ogologo. Amara maka isi ike ya na uto ngwa ngwa, afọ a na-eto n'ime ọnwa ọkụ ruo n'ogo nke 2–6 ụkwụ. Enwere ike ito ahịhịa ahịhịa n'ọtụtụ akụkụ nke United States, gụnyere swampland, larịị, iyi, na n'akụkụ oke osimiri & okporo ụzọ interstate. Ọ bụ mkpụrụ nke onwe (ọ dịghị traktọ maka ịgha mkpụrụ, naanị maka ịgha mkpụrụ), na-eguzogide ọtụtụ ọrịa na pests, ma nwee ike ịmepụta mkpụrụ dị elu na ngwa ngwa nke fatịlaịza na kemịkalụ ndị ọzọ. Ọ na-anabatakwa ala dara ogbenye, idei mmiri, & ụkọ mmiri ozuzo; na-eme ka mma ala dị mma ma na-egbochi mbuze n'ihi ụdị mgbọrọgwụ ya. Switchgrass bụ ihe mkpuchi akwadoro maka ala echedoro n'okpuru Mmemme Nchekwa Federal (CRP). CRP bụ mmemme gọọmentị na-akwụ ndị na-emepụta ego ụgwọ maka emeghị ihe ọkụkụ n'ala nke ihe ọkụkụ toro na nso nso a. Usoro a na-ebelata mbuze nke ala, na-eme ka mmiri dịkwuo mma, na-abawanye ebe obibi anụ ọhịa. Ala CRP na-eje ozi dị ka ebe obibi maka egwuregwu ugwu, dị ka pheasants na ọbọgwụ, na ọtụtụ ụmụ ahụhụ. A tụlere Switchgrass maka mmepụta biofuel maka ojiji na ala Mmemme Nchekwa Nchekwa (CRP), nke nwere ike ịbawanye nkwado gburugburu ebe obibi wee belata ọnụ ahịa mmemme CRP. Agbanyeghị, iwu CRP ga-agbanwerịrị iji kwe ka ojiji akụ na ụba a nke ala CRP. Miscanthus × giganteus bụ nri ọzọ bara uru maka mmepụta ethanol cellulosic. Ụdị ahihia a sitere na Eshia ma bụrụ ngwakọ na-adịghị mma nke Miscanthus sinensis na Miscanthus sacchariflorus. O nwere ihe ọkụkụ dị elu, ọ dị ọnụ ala itolite, ma na-eme nke ọma n'ụdị ihu igwe dị iche iche. Otú ọ dị, n'ihi na ọ na-adịghị ike, ọ na-achọkwa ịgbasa ahịhịa, na-eme ka ọ dịkwuo ọnụ. Atụwo aro na Kudzu nwere ike bụrụ isi iyi bara uru nke biomass. == Ahịa ethanol cellulosic == N'ịbụ nke e nwetara site na enyemaka na enyemaka, mmụba na nyocha ethanol cellulosic na osisi ndị na-anya ụgbọelu mere na mmalite 2000s. Ụlọ ọrụ ndị dị ka Iogen, POET, na Abengoa wuru ụlọ nrụpụta ndị nwere ike ịhazi biomass ma gbanwee ya ka ọ bụrụ ethanol, ebe ụlọ ọrụ dịka DuPont, Diversa, Novozymes, na Dyadic tinyere ego na nyocha enzyme. Agbanyeghị, ọtụtụ n'ime osisi ndị a kagburu ma ọ bụ mechie na mbido 2010 dịka ihe mgbochi teknụzụ siri ike imeri. Dị ka nke 2018, ọ bụ naanị otu cellulosic ethanol osisi ka nọgidere na-arụ ọrụ. N'ime afọ 2010 gara aga, ụlọ ọrụ dị iche iche na-anwa oge ụfọdụ mgbalị dị nta n'ịzụ ahịa ethanol cellulosic, ọ bụ ezie na ọrụ ndị dị otú ahụ na-anọgide na-adị n'ọtụtụ nyocha ma na-adaberekarị na enyemaka. Ụlọ ọrụ Granbio, Raízen na Centro de Tecnologia Canavieira ọ bụla na-agba ọsọ a pilot-scale facility na-arụ ọrụ na Brazil, nke ọnụ na-emepụta gburugburu 30 nde lita na 2019. Iogen, nke malitere dị ka onye na-emepụta enzyme na 1991 wee maliteghachi onwe ya iji lekwasị anya na isi. na cellulosic ethanol na 2013, nwere ọtụtụ patent maka mmepụta ethanol cellulosic ma nye nkà na ụzụ maka osisi Raízen. Companieslọ ọrụ ndị ọzọ na-emepe emepe teknụzụ ethanol cellulosic dị ka nke 2021 bụ Inbicon (Denmark); Ụlọ ọrụ na-arụ ọrụ ma ọ bụ na-eme atụmatụ mmepụta ihe na-emepụta ụgbọelu gụnyere New Energy Blue (US), Sekab (Sweden) na Clariant (na Romania). Abengoa, ụlọ ọrụ Spen nwere akụ ethanol cellulosic, kwụsịrị na 2021. Agencylọ ọrụ ume ọhụrụ nke Australia, yana gọọmentị steeti na ime obodo, nyere ego maka ụlọ ọrụ na-anya ụgbọ elu na 2017 na 2020 na New South Wales dịka akụkụ nke mbọ iji mee ka akụ na ụba mpaghara pụọ na mgbapụta kol. === Nkwado Gọọmentị US === Site na 2006, gọọmentị etiti US malitere ịkwalite mmepe ethanol sitere na nri nri cellulosic. Na May 2008, Congress weputara ụgwọ ọrụ ugbo ọhụrụ nke nwere ego maka ịzụ ahịa nke biofuels ọgbọ nke abụọ, gụnyere cellulosic ethanol. Iwu nri, nchekwa, na ike nke 2008 nyere maka onyinye na-ekpuchi ihe ruru 30% nke ọnụ ahịa mmepe na iwulite ihe ngosi biorefineries maka imepụta "ihe ọkụkụ dị elu," nke gụnyere nke ọma mmanụ ọkụ niile esighị na starch ọka ọka. O kwekwara ka mbinye ego ruru nde $250 maka iwu ụlọ biorefineries nke azụmahịa. Na Jenụwarị 2011, USDA kwadoro $405 nde na nkwa mbinye ego site na ụgwọ ọrụ Ugbo 2008 iji kwado azụmahịa nke ethanol cellulosic na ụlọ ọrụ atọ nke Coskata, Enerkem na INEOS New Planet BioEnergy nwere. Ọrụ ndị a na-anọchi anya mkpokọta 73 million US galọn (280,000 m3) ikike mmepụta kwa afọ ma ga-amalite imepụta ethanol cellulosic na 2012. USDA wepụtakwara ndepụta nke ndị na-emepụta biofuel dị elu bụ ndị ga-anata ụgwọ iji gbasaa mmepụta nke biofuels dị elu. Na Julaị 2011, Ngalaba Energy nke US nyere POET nde $105 na nkwa mbinye ego maka ụlọ ahịa nke a ga-ewu Emmetsburg, Iowa. == Hụkwa == <references responsive="0"></references> * Ọgbọ nke abụọ biofuels * Nri vs. mmanụ == Ihe odide ==   == Njikọ mpụga == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20070430004536/http://www.ethanolrfa.org/industry/locations/ Ndepụta nke U.S. Ethanol Plants] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20101028194523/http://ethanolproducer.com/article.jsp?article_id=4269 A na-eji teknụzụ dị iche iche eme ihe maka Cellulosic Ethanol Path] * [http://www.renewableenergyworld.com/rea/news/reinsider/story?id=53353 Mgbanwe gaa n'Ọgbọ nke Abụọ Ethanol] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20090724160452/http://www.energy.gov/news/6633.htm USDA & DOE Release National Biofuels Action Plan] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20081204002709/http://www.jgpress.com/archives/_free/001764.html Ịzụ ahịa Cellulosic Ethanol] * [https://www.reuters.com/article/smallBusinessNews/idUSTRE50869B20090109 Cellulosic ethanol mmepụta nwere ike "gbawaa"] * [http://www.sustainablebusiness.com/index.cfm/go/news.display/id/17460 Onye na-ede uri na-emepụta Cellulosic Ethanol na Pilot Scale] * [https://archive.today/20130201090324/http://uk.reuters.com/article/environmentNews/idUKTRE50C6LU20090113 Nkwado ndị ọzọ nke US hụrụ na ọ ga-ekwe omume maka osisi ethanol] * [http://www.businessgreen.com/business-green/news/2238561/shell-fuels-cellulosic-ethanol Shell na-agbanye cellulosic ethanol push na Codexis ọhụrụ] * [https://archive.today/20130122103130/http://www.ethanolproducer.com/article.jsp?article_id=5517 Enerkem iji wuo ụlọ ọrụ ethanol cellulosic na US] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20090604134300/http://techfragments.com/news/431/Science/Ethanol_Production_Could_Reach_90_Billion_Gallons_by_2030.html Ethanol Production nwere ike iru 90 Billion Gallons site na 2030 nke Sandia National Laboratories na GM Corp kwadoro.] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20110726151754/http://hitectransportation.org/news/2009/Exec_Summary02-2009.pdf Sandia National Laboratories & GM study: usoro PDF sitere na hitectransportation.org] * Mgbanwe ahịhịa Mmanụ na-emepụta Ike dị ukwuu. * [http://www.hort.purdue.edu/newcrop/ncnu02/v5-017.html Ethanol] Site na Cellulose: A General Review - P.C. Badger, 2002 * US DOEOffice nke Biological and Environmental Research (OBER). * [http://www.nrel.gov/biomass National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Research Advances - Cellulosic Ethanol.] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20100106114400/http://www.fpl.fs.fed.us/ USDA Forest Products Laboratory] E debere Wayback Machine * [https://www.reuters.com/article/environmentNews/idUSTRE51C5R320090213 reuters.com, New biofuels ga-abịa site n'ọtụtụ isi mmalite: nzukọ, Fri Feb 13, 2009 2:50pm EST] * [https://www.reuters.com/article/GCA-GreenBusiness/idUSTRE51C6DT20090213 reuters.com, US kwa izu ethanol margins na-arị elu ruo n'elu break even, Fri Feb 13, 2009 4:01pm EST] * [https://www.wired.com/science/planetearth/magazine/15-10/ff_plant wired.com, Otu Molecule nwere ike ịgwọ ịṅụbiga mmanụ ókè anyị, 09.24.07] == Ịgụ ihe ọzọ == o9lmddnqimwoowo8x07j1bzoicgtq1g 0 29630 727499 364655 2026-09-24T03:49:17Z CommonsDelinker 87 Removing [[:c:File:Jonathan_Mann_Calderone_Prize_1994.jpg|Jonathan_Mann_Calderone_Prize_1994.jpg]], it has been deleted from Commons by [[:c:User:Krd|Krd]] because: No license since 16 September 2026. 727499 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Category:Articles with hCards]] '''Jonathan Max Mann''' (Jụlaị 30, 1947 - Septemba 2, 1998) bụ onye dọkịta mba America bụ onye nchịkwa maka otu World Health Organization, ma duzie nyocha mbụ nke ọrịa AIDS na afọ1980s. == Mmụta == Mann bụ onye isi oche nke National Honor Society na klas Newton South High School nke afọ 1965. Ọ nwetara B.A. ''magna cum laude'' na Harvard College, M.D. ya na Mahadum Washington na St. Louis na afọ 1974, na nzere M.P.H. na uloakwukwo Harvard School of Public Health na afọ 1980.<ref name="Hilts">{{Cite news|author=Hilts|first=Phillip J.|title=Jonathan Mann, AIDS Pio neer, Is Dead at 51|date=September 4, 1998|work=[[The New York Times]]|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1998/09/04/us/jonathan-mann-aids-pioneer-is-dead-at-51.html}}</ref> == Ọrụ == Mann sonyeere Centers for Disease Control na afọ 1975, nọrọ ebe ahụ ruo afọ 1977 mgbe ọ ghọrọ State Epidemiologist maka [[Nú Mézíkọ|New Mexico]], ruo afọ 1984.<ref name="Hilts">{{Cite news|author=Hilts|first=Phillip J.|title=Jonathan Mann, AIDS Pio neer, Is Dead at 51|date=September 4, 1998|work=[[The New York Times]]|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1998/09/04/us/jonathan-mann-aids-pioneer-is-dead-at-51.html}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFHilts1998">Hilts, Phillip J. (September 4, 1998). [https://www.nytimes.com/1998/09/04/us/jonathan-mann-aids-pioneer-is-dead-at-51.html "Jonathan Mann, AIDS Pio neer, Is Dead at 51"]. ''[[The New York Times]]''.</cite></ref> Mann duziri mwepụta na afọ 1994 nke akwụkwọ akụkọ ahụike na ikike mmadụ, nke François Xavier Bagnoud Center for Health and Human Rights bipụtara, nke o nyekwara aka guzobe.''<ref name="Hilts">{{Cite news|author=Hilts|first=Phillip J.|title=Jonathan Mann, AIDS Pio neer, Is Dead at 51|date=September 4, 1998|work=[[The New York Times]]|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1998/09/04/us/jonathan-mann-aids-pioneer-is-dead-at-51.html}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFHilts1998">Hilts, Phillip J. (September 4, 1998). [https://www.nytimes.com/1998/09/04/us/jonathan-mann-aids-pioneer-is-dead-at-51.html "Jonathan Mann, AIDS Pio neer, Is Dead at 51"]. ''[[The New York Times]]''.</cite></ref>'' ''Mann bụkwa prọfesọ nke epidemiology na Harvard's School of Public Health.<ref>{{Cite web|title=History – HealthRight International|url=https://healthright.org/about/history/|work=healthright.org|accessdate=2020-05-28}}</ref>'' == Ịkwalite ahụike na ikike mmadụ == Mann bụ onye ọsụ ụzọ n'ịkwado ijikọta ahụike ọha na eze, ụkpụrụ omume na ikike mmadụ. O chepụtara ma na-akwalite echiche ahụike mmadụ na ikike mmadụ nwere njikọ zuru oke na nke a na-apụghị ikewapụ iche, na-arụ ụka na ngalaba ndị a na-agbakọta na nkà ihe ọmụma na ebumnuche ha iji melite ahụike, ọdịmma, na iji gbochie ọnwụ mberede.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Gostin|first=LO|title=Public Health, Ethics, and Human Rights: A Tribute to the late Jonathan Mann|journal=Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics|date=Summer 2001|volume=29|issue=2|pages=121–130|pmid=11508186|doi=10.1111/j.1748-720X.2001.tb00330.x|url=https://scholarship.law.georgetown.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2831&context=facpub}}</ref> Site na usoro a, Mann gbalịrị idozi ọdịiche dị na nkà ihe ọmụma, akwụkwọ ozi na okwu, agụmakwụkwọ na ọzụzụ, recruitment, na usoro ọrụ n'etiti ọzụzụ nke bioethics, jurisprudence, iwu ahụike ọha na eze na epidemiology. Ọzọkwa, Mann maara na akụkọ ihe mere eme nke "mmekọrịta esemokwu" n'etiti ndị ọrụ ahụike ọha na eze na ndị ọrụ nnwere onwe obodo gosipụtara ihe ịma aka na ịchụso ihe ọ kpọrọ "ike" njikọ nke ahụike na ikike mmadụ - ụzọ dị mma.<ref>{{Cite book|editor=Mann|title=Health and Human Rights: A Reader|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Lz3nii-IZ74C&pg=PA7|year=1999|publisher=Routledge|location=New York|isbn=978-0-415-92102-2}}</ref> == Ọnwụ == Mann nwụrụ na mberede nke Swissair Flight 111 na afọ 1998 ya na nwunye ya nke abụọ, onye nyocha ọrịa obirinajocha Mary Lou Clements-Mann.<ref name="Collins">{{Cite news|author=Collins|first=Huntly|title=AIDS Pioneer Among the Victims: Jonathan Mann was one of first to warn of potential global devastation|work=[[The Philadelphia Inquirer]]|date=September 4, 1998|url=http://www.philly.com/philly/health/AIDS_Pioneer_Among_the_Victims_Jonathan_M_Mann_was_among_the_first_to_warn_of_potential_global_devastationpotential_devastation.html}}</ref> N'oge ọnwụ ya, Mann bụ dean nke mahadum Allegheny University School of Public Health (nke bụzi Drexel University School of public Health) na steeti Philadelphia. == Akwụkwọ == * {{Cite book|author=Gorna|first=Robin|title=Vamps, Virgins, and Victims: How Can Women Fight AIDS?|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zCMpAQAAMAAJ&pg=PP1|year=1996|publisher=Cassell|isbn=978-0-304-32809-3}} * {{Cite book|editor=Mann|title=Health and Human Rights: A Reader|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Lz3nii-IZ74C&pg=PP1|year=1999|publisher=Routledge|location=New York|isbn=978-0-415-92102-2}} * {{Cite book|author=Mann|first=Jonathan M.|title=AIDS in the World II: Global Dimensions, Social Roots, and Responses|url=https://archive.org/details/aidsinworldiiglo0000mann|year=1996|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-509097-0}} == Njikọ mpụga == * [http://www.healthright.org HealthRight International Homepage] == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} 7gryg6o2oxwpel1xt3cgc4hab0y6ul6 0 30024 727392 719925 2026-09-23T12:30:08Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727392 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=|image=Amal Clooney 02.jpg|caption=Clooney in 2014|birth_name=Amal Alamuddin|birth_date={{birth date and age|1978|2|3|df=yes}}|birth_place=[[Beirut]], Lebanon|citizenship={{hlist|Lebanon|United Kingdom}}|education={{ubl|[[St Hugh's College, Oxford]] ([[Bachelor of Arts|BA]])|[[New York University]] ([[Master of Laws|LLM]])}}|occupation=[[Barrister]]|years_active=2000–present|spouse={{marriage|[[George Clooney]]|27 September 2014}}|children=2}} [[Category:Articles with hCards]] '''Amal Clooney''' (née Alamuddin; Arabic: ; amụrụ n' ọnwa 3 Febụwarị 1978) bụ onye ọka iwu Lebanọn na Britain.<ref name="People-40thBday-2018">{{Cite news|author=Russian|first=Ale|title=Amal's Big 40! George Clooney Celebrates Wife's Birthday on 24-Hour Getaway|url=http://people.com/movies/amals-big-40-george-clooney-celebrates-wifes-birthday-on-24-hour-getaway/|work=[[People (magazine)|People]]|date=5 February 2018}}</ref> Ndị ahịa ya gụnyere onye nta akụkọ Filipino n' American Maria Ressa, onye bụbu onye isi ala nke Maldives Mohamed Nasheed, onye guzobere WikiLeaks Julian Assange, onye bụzi praịm minista nke Ukraine Yulia Tymoshenko, onye nta akụkọ Canada a mụrụ n' Ijipt Mohamed Fahmy<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/nov/06/amal-clooney-egypt-journalist-mohamed-fahmy|title=Amal Clooney calls on Egypt to release journalist Mohamed Fahmy|work=[[The Guardian]]|author=Kingsley|first=Patrick|date=6 November 2014|accessdate=20 September 2019}}</ref> na onye na-eme ihe ike nke Iraq Nadia Murad.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Clooney|first=Amal|title=Amal Clooney: A test for democracy in the Philippines|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/2020/06/12/amal-clooney-test-democracy-philippines/|work=[[The Washington Post]]|date=June 12, 2020|accessdate=December 26, 2020}}</ref><ref name="doughtystreet.co.uk">{{Cite web|title=Amal Clooney|url=https://www.doughtystreet.co.uk/barristers/amal-clooney|accessdate=28 October 2021|work=[[Doughty Street Chambers]]}}</ref><ref name="ABCNews-5Things-2014">{{Cite news|work=[[ABC News]]|url=http://www.abcnews.go.com/Entertainment/things-george-clooneys-lady-friend-amal-alamuddin/story?id=22960268|author=Rothman|first=Michael|title=5 Things About Amal Alamuddin|date=19 March 2014}}</ref><ref name="Independent-Engagement-2014">{{Cite news|first=Ian|author=Johnston|title=George Clooney Engaged To Amal Alamuddin: Actor To Marry British Human Rights Lawyer Who Has Represented Julian Assange|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/news/george-clooney-to-marry-his-british-lawyer-girlfriend-amal-alamuddin-9294602.html|work=[[The Independent]]|date=27 April 2014}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://en.vogue.me/culture/lifestyle-and-travel/nadia-murad-amal-clooney-nobel-peace-prize/|title=Nadia Murad is Joined by Amal Clooney as She Accepts Nobel Peace Prize|work=[[Vogue Arabia]]|author=Day|first=Emma|date=11 December 2018}}</ref> Ọ bụkwa osote prọfesọ nke iwu na Columbia Law School. Ya na di ya, onye America na-eme ihe nkiri George Clooney, guzobere Clooney Foundation for Justice. Ezinụlọ ya hapụrụ Lebanọn mgbe ọ dị afọ abụọ, n' oge Agha Obodo Lebanọn, wee biri na Gerrards Cross, Buckinghamshire.<ref name="Telegraph-Engagement-2014">{{Cite news|author=Flanagan|first=Padraic|title=George Clooney Engaged to High-Flying British Lawyer|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/northamerica/usa/10793797/George-Clooney-engaged-to-high-flying-British-lawyer.html|work=[[The Daily Telegraph]]|date=28 April 2014}}</ref> Nna ya Ramzi Alamuddin, onye Druze Lebanọn si n' obodo Alam al-Din nke Baakline na Chouf District, nwetara nzere MBA ya na Mahadum America nke Beirut.<ref name="NBCNews-DruzeSunni-2014">{{Cite news|author=Gatten|first=Emma|title=Amal Alamuddin: George Clooney's Betrothed a Star Among Druze Community|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/news/world/amal-alamuddin-george-clooneys-betrothed-star-among-druze-community-n201351|accessdate=28 September 2014|work=[[NBC News]]|date=13 September 2014}}</ref> Ọ laghachiri Lebanọn n' afọ 1991 mgbe agha obodo biri.<ref name="StraitsTimes-Engagement-2014">{{Cite news|work=[[The Straits Times]]|date=27 April 2014|accessdate=6 May 2014|url=http://www.straitstimes.com/lifestyle/movies/story/george-clooneys-fiancee-not-only-has-beauty-and-brains-also-great-style-20140|title=George Clooney's Fiancée Amal Alamuddin Has Beauty, Brains And Style}}</ref><ref name="Amal Family Background Info">{{Cite web|url=http://www.globalpost.com/dispatch/news/regions/middle-east/lebanon/140504/youd-think-george-clooney-amal-alamuddin-marriage|title=You'd think George Clooney asked all of Lebanon to marry him}}</ref> A mụrụ nne ya Baria (née Miknass) n' ezinụlọ ndị Sunni Muslim na Tripoli na Northern Lebanon na nne Palestine-Jordan.<ref name="NOW-Druze-2014">{{Cite news|author=Gebeily|first=Maya|title=Amal Alamuddin from 'Druze family of sheikhs'|url=https://now.mmedia.me/lb/en/reportsfeatures/545333-amal-alamuddin-from-druze-family-of-sheikhs|accessdate=28 September 2014|work=[[NOW News]]|date=30 April 2014|archive-date=6 October 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006172909/https://now.mmedia.me/lb/en/reportsfeatures/545333-amal-alamuddin-from-druze-family-of-sheikhs|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="NBCNews-DruzeSunni-2014"/><ref>{{Cite web|date=2014-07-21|title=Baria Alamuddin|url=https://quartetbooks.wordpress.com/2014/07/21/baria-alamuddin/|accessdate=2022-12-12|work=Naim Attallah Online|language=en}}</ref> Ọ bụ onye nta akụkọ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na onye nchịkọta akụkọ mba ọzọ nke akwụkwọ akụkọ Saudi ''al-Hayat'' .<ref>{{Cite web|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170830234310/https://www.tatler.com/article/amal-clooney-the-most-wanted-woman-in-britain|archivedate=30 August 2017|url=https://www.tatler.com/article/amal-clooney-the-most-wanted-woman-in-britain|title=Amal Clooney – the most wanted woman in Britain|work=Tatler|date=19 January 2016|quote='I remember her as humane and brainy,' adds [[Ghil'ad Zuckermann]], now a professor of linguistics at the University of Adelaide, Australia, who was also at St Hugh's with Amal. 'Students were talking about Amal even then, especially those from Middle Eastern backgrounds. I remember being told around 1997, about her famous journalist mother'.|accessdate=5 August 2018}}</ref> Ọ bụ onye guzobere ụlọ ọrụ mmekọrịta ọha na eze International Communication Experts, nke bụ akụkụ nke ụlọ ọrụ buru ibu nke na-ahụ maka ịdebanye aha ndị ọbịa ama ama, foto mgbasa ozi, na nkwalite ihe omume.<ref name="AlArabiya-WhoIs-2014">{{Cite news|author=Karam|first=Joyce|title=Who is Clooney's fiancée Amal Alamuddin?|url=http://english.alarabiya.net/en/life-style/entertainment/2014/04/28/Who-is-Clooney-s-fianc-e-Amal-Alamuddin-.html|accessdate=28 September 2014|work=[[Al Arabiya]]|date=28 April 2014}}</ref> Amal nwere ụmụnne atọ: otu nwanne nwanyị (Tala Alamuddin) n' ụmụnne abụọ site n' alụmdi na nwunye mbụ nke nna ya.<ref name="NOW-LebanonPride-2014">{{Cite news|title=Lebanon in frenzy over Clooney-Alamuddin engagement|url=https://now.mmedia.me/lb/en/lebanonnews/545482-lebanon-in-frenzy-over-clooney-alamuddin-engagement|accessdate=28 September 2014|work=[[NOW News]]|date=1 May 2014|archive-date=13 October 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141013112657/https://now.mmedia.me/lb/en/lebanonnews/545482-lebanon-in-frenzy-over-clooney-alamuddin-engagement|url-status=dead}}</ref> Amal gara Dr Challoner's High School, ụlọ akwụkwọ grammar ụmụ nwanyị dị na Little Chalfont, Buckinghamshire, tụpụ ọ gaa mahadum. Ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ na St Hugh's College, Oxford, ebe ọ natara onyinye ngosi na Shrigley Award.<ref name="OxfordGazette">{{Cite news|work=[[Oxford University Gazette]]|date=23 October 1997|title=Colleges, Halls, and Societies: Notices&nbsp;– St Hugh's College|url=http://www.ox.ac.uk/gazette/1997-8/weekly/231097/coll.htm|accessdate=6 May 2014|archive-date=18 July 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100718195832/http://www.ox.ac.uk/gazette/1997-8/weekly/231097/coll.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="Forbes-Engaged-2014">{{Cite web|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/gregorymcneal/2014/04/27/international-lawyer-and-scholar-amal-alamuddin-engaged-to-george-clooney/|title=International Lawyer And Scholar Amal Alamuddin Engaged To George Clooney|work=[[Forbes (magazine)|Forbes]]|date=27 April 2014|first=Gregory S.|author=McNeal|accessdate=15 September 2014}}</ref> Ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na nzere Bachelor of Arts (BA) na jurisprudence na 2000. N' afọ sochirinụ ọ banyere New York University School of Law iji mụọ maka Master of Laws (LL.M) ogo. Ọ natara Jack J. Katz Memorial Award maka ịdị mma n' iwu ntụrụndụ.<ref name="DoughtyStreet-BioPDF-2014">{{Cite web|title=Amal Alamuddin|work=[[Doughty Street Chambers]]|url=http://www.doughtystreet.co.uk/barristers/profile-pdf/amal-clooney/185|accessdate=14 May 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150731002805/http://www.doughtystreet.co.uk/barristers/profile-pdf/amal-clooney/185|archivedate=31 July 2015}}</ref><ref name="IBT-6FastFacts-2014">{{Cite web|author=Schumann|first=Rebecka|title=George Clooney Girlfriend Revealed: Who Is Amal Alamuddin? 6 Fast Facts About The Actor's New Love|url=http://www.ibtimes.com/george-clooney-girlfriend-revealed-who-amal-alamuddin-6-fast-facts-about-actors-new-love-photos|date=29 October 2013|accessdate=6 May 2014}}</ref> Mgbe ọ nọ na NYU, ọ rụrụ ọrụ otu semester n' ọfịs Sonia Sotomayor, mgbe ahụ ọ bụ onye ọka ikpe maka Ụlọikpe Mkpegharị Ikpe nke United States maka Mpaghara nke Abụọ n'onye otu NYU Law.<ref name="Slate-Engaged-2014">{{Cite news|author=Mathis-Lilley|first=Ben|title=London Human Rights Lawyer Amal Alamuddin Is Engaged|url=http://www.slate.com/blogs/the_slatest/2014/04/28/amal_alamuddin_london_lawyer_to_wed_actor.html|accessdate=28 September 2014|work=[[Slate (magazine)|Slate]]|date=28 April 2014}}</ref> [[Usòrò:Chrystia_Freeland_and_Amal_Clooney_at_the_Global_Conference_for_Media_Freedom_-_2019_(48264889267)_(cropped).jpg|áká_èkpè|thumb|Clooney (n'aka nri) na Minista Na-ahụ Maka Mba Ọzọ nke Canada Chrystia Freeland na Global Conference for Media Freedom na London na 2019|271x271px]] Clooney ruru eru ịrụ ọrụ iwu na [[Njikọ̀taọ̀hà|United States]], England, na Wales. A nabatara ya n' ụlọikpe na [[Nú Yọk|New York]] n' afọ 2002, a kpọkwara ya n' Ụlọikpe nke England na Wales n' afọ 2010.<ref>{{Cite web|author=BSB|title=Barrister Details – Mrs Amal Clooney|url=https://www.barstandardsboard.org.uk/barristers-register/BD7FF6F657B19042634B9F49F1B8B67C.html|accessdate=28 October 2021|work=www.barstandardsboard.org.uk}}</ref> Ọ rụkwara ọrụ n' ụlọ ikpe mba ụwa na The Hague, gụnyere Ụlọikpe Ikpe Mba Nile n' Ụlọikpe Mpụ Mba Nile.<ref name="DoughtyStreet-BioPDF-2014"/> Clooney rụrụ ọrụ na Sullivan & Cromwell na New York City ruo afọ atọ dị ka akụkụ nke Criminal Defense and Investigations Group, ebe ndị ahịa ya gụnyere Enron n' Arthur Andersen.<ref name="Forbes-Engaged-2014"/><ref name="DoughtyStreet-BioPDF-2014"/> Ọ rụchara ọrụ ikpe na International Court of Justice na 2004, na-eje ozi n' okpuru Ọkàikpe Vladlen S. Vereshchetin si Russia, Ọkàikpe Nabil Elaraby si Egypt, na Ọkàikpe Ad hoc Sir Franklin Berman si United Kingdom.<ref name="IILJ-Clerkship-2004-2005">{{Cite web|title=Clerkships&nbsp;– Prior and Present Clerks|url=http://www.iilj.org/oldbak/experience/Clerkships2.htm|work=Institute for International Law and Justice|publisher=[[New York University School of Law]]|accessdate=28 September 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140904095632/http://www.iilj.org/oldbak/experience/Clerkships2.htm|archivedate=4 September 2014}}</ref><ref name="People-5FastFacts-2014">{{Cite web|author=Chi|first=Paul|title=George Clooney Engaged to Amal Alamuddin: 5 Fast Facts About Her|accessdate=6 May 2014|url=http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20791492,00.html|work=People|date=27 February 2014|archive-date=8 May 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140508152833/http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20791492,00.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> O mechara biri na The Hague na-arụ ọrụ n'Ọfịs nke Prosecutor na UN Special Tribunal for Lebanon na International Criminal Tribunal maka Yugoslavia mbụ, ebe ọ bụ onye na-enyere onye ọka ikpe Patrick Robinson aka, Onye isi ikpe.<ref name="ExpandingJurisdiction-2010">{{Cite journal|volume=8|issue=5|journal=Journal of International Criminal Justice|title=Expanding Jurisdiction over War Crimes under Article 8 of the ICC Statute|doi=10.1093/jicj/mqq066|author=Alamuddin|first=A.|year=2010}}</ref> Ikpe ahụ boro onye bụbu onye isi ala nke Republic of Yugoslavia maka mpụ ndị e boro ebubo na ha mere na Kosovo, Croatia, na Bosnia n' oge agha na Yugoslavia.<ref name="doughtystreet.co.uk"/> N' afọ 2010, a kpọrọ Clooney na Bar nke England & Wales, Inner Temple. Ọ bụ onye ọka iwu na-arụ ọrụ na Doughty Street Chambers.<ref name="doughtystreet.co.uk"/> Clooney nọ n' ọkwa iwu Legal 500 na Chambers and Partners dị ka onye ọka iwu na-eduga na iwu ikike mmadụ nke mba ụwa, iwu mba ụwa, na iwu mpụ nke mba ụwa. A na-akọwa ya dị ka 'onye nwere ọgụgụ isi nke iwu' nke 'na-edozi ikpe ndị dị mkpa n'ụwa niile' ma 'mara obere ihe ya n'ime'. A na-ekwu n' ọ bụ 'onye na-akwado ihe okike' onye bụ 'nke mbụ' na 'ngwakọta dị omimi nke ọgụgụ isi na pragmatism'. Akwụkwọ ntuziaka ahụ na-egosipụtakwa 'nnukwu nkwado' ya na 'ịkwado ọnụnọ n' ihu ụlọ ikpe' ma kọwaa ya dị ka 'onye na-eme nrọ n' ụlọ ikpe mba ụwa'. Ha na-ekwukwa na ọ bụ 'onye ọhụrụ dị egwu' nwere ikike ịkpali 'ndị isi ala, ndị minista mba ọzọ n' azụmaahịa ... n' ụzọ dị irè' maka ndị e metọrọ ikike mmadụ. A na-akọwa ya dị ka 'onye na-adịghị atụ egwu ịkwalite isi ihe ọhụrụ nke iwu', 'onye nwere nnukwu mgbagwoju anya n' ịkwalite ókèala' na inwe 'nkwado siri ike maka iwu na ọmịiko maka ndị ọ na-ejere ozi'.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Amal Clooney > Doughty Street Chambers > London > England {{!}} Lawyer Profile|url=https://www.legal500.com/firms/9303-doughty-street-chambers/9303-london-england/lawyers/551284-amal-clooney/|accessdate=15 March 2022|work=www.legal500.com|archivedate=25 January 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220125231912/https://www.legal500.com/firms/9303-doughty-street-chambers/9303-london-england/lawyers/551284-amal-clooney/}}</ref> Clooney na-anọchite anya ndị ahịa n' ihu ụlọ ikpe mba ụwa gụnyere Ụlọikpe Mpụ Mba Nile, Ụlọikpe Ikpe Mba Nile n' Ụlọikpe Ikike Mmadụ nke Europe. Ọ na-anọchite anya ndị e mere ihe ike, gụnyere mgbukpọ agbụrụ na ime ihe ike mmekọahụ ma na-anọchitere otu ndị Iraq sitere na ndị Yazidi na-achọ ịza ajụjụ maka mgbukpọ na mpụ ndị ọzọ ISIS mere, gụnyere Nobel Peace Prize Laurette, Nadia Murad.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Amal Clooney agrees to represent Nadia, ISIS sex slave, in international court|url=https://www.globalcitizen.org/fr/content/amal-clooney-nadia-sex-slavery-isis-icc/|accessdate=23 December 2021|work=Global Citizen|language=fr|archivedate=23 December 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211223094946/https://www.globalcitizen.org/fr/content/amal-clooney-nadia-sex-slavery-isis-icc/}}</ref> Clooney na-anọchite anya ndị Yazidi na ikpe dị ịrịba ama, na-ebo ụlọ ọrụ France, Lafarge, ebubo na ọ kwadoro ISIS iji mee ka ụlọ ọrụ dị n' ebe ugwu Siria nke na-arụ ọrụ n' etiti afọ 2011 na 2014.<ref>{{Cite news|date=30 November 2018|title=Yazidi women seek to join case against French company accused of funding Islamic State|work=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-mideast-yazidi-lafarge-idUSKCN1NZ2AS|accessdate=14 January 2022}}</ref> N' afọ 2021, Clooney bụ onye na-agba akwụkwọ na ndị na-agbachitere ndị ahụ n' okwu ikpe mbụ nke a mara onye otu ISIS ikpe maka igbuchapụ agbụrụ ma maa ya ikpe ịga mkpọrọ ndụ ya niile.<ref>{{Cite web|title=German court finds former 'IS' member guilty of genocide {{!}} DW {{!}} 30 November 2021|url=https://www.dw.com/en/german-court-finds-former-is-member-guilty-of-genocide/a-59976226|accessdate=23 December 2021|work=Deutsche Welle}}</ref> Clooney na-anọchite anya ndị nta akụkọ mgbe niile ma na-eduga ndị ndụmọdụ mba ụwa na-arụ ọrụ maka onye nta akụkọ Filipino na onye isi oche nke ebe nrụọrụ weebụ akụkọ Rappler, Maria Ressa. Ressa na-eche usoro ebubo iwu ihu nke nwere ike iduga ihe dị ka 100 afọ n' ụlọ mkpọrọ.<ref>{{Cite web|date=19 January 2021|title=Amal Clooney decries 'legal charade' after journalist Maria Ressa charged again with libel|url=http://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/jan/19/amal-clooney-decries-legal-charade-after-journalist-maria-ressa-charged-again-with-libel|accessdate=31 January 2022|work=The Guardian}}</ref> E nyere Ressa ihe nrite Nobel Peace Prize na 2021 maka 'ọgụ obi ike ya maka nnwere onwe ikwu okwu na Philippines'.<ref>{{Cite web|title=The Nobel Peace Prize 2021|url=https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/peace/2021/press-release/|accessdate=31 January 2022|work=NobelPrize.org}}</ref> Clooney nọchitere anya Wa Lone na Kyaw Soe Oo, ndị nta akụkọ Reuters abụọ si Myanmar bụ ndị gọọmentị mara ikpe ịga mkpọrọ afọ asaa maka ịkọ akụkọ banyere mpụ ndị agha Myanmar mere megide Rohingyas. A tọhapụrụ ha na Mee 2019.<ref>{{Cite news|date=7 May 2019|title=Wa Lone and Kyaw Soe Oo: Reuters journalists freed in Myanmar|work=BBC News|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-48182712|accessdate=31 January 2022}}</ref> Kemgbe afọ 2015, Clooney abụrụla onye otu ngalaba na-eleta na onye isi nke Columbia Law School's Human Rights Institute, ebe ya na Prọfesọ Sarah H. Cleveland na-akụzi Human Rights Course.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Amal Clooney|url=https://www.law.columbia.edu/faculty/amal-clooney|accessdate=28 October 2021|work=www.law.columbia.edu|archivedate=28 October 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211028093352/https://www.law.columbia.edu/faculty/amal-clooney}}</ref> Clooney akụzikwara ụmụ akwụkwọ gbasara iwu mpụ mba ụwa na SOAS School of Law na London, The New School na New York City, The Hague Academy of International Law, na Mahadum North Carolina na Chapel Hill.<ref name="DoughtyStreet-BioPDF-2014"/> [[Usòrò:UNICEF_UK_(14281378624)_(cropped).jpg|thumb|Clooney na May 2014]] * A họpụtara ya dị ka onye ndụmọdụ pụrụ iche nye onye ọkàiwu ụlọ ikpe mpụ mba ụwa, Karim Khan QC, na Darfur.<ref>{{Cite web|title=ICC Prosecutor Mr Karim A.A. Khan QC appoints Seventeen Special Advisers|url=https://www.icc-cpi.int/Pages/item.aspx?name=pr1611|accessdate=28 October 2021|work=www.icc-cpi.int}}</ref> * A họpụtara ya na UK Attorney General's Office Public International Law Panel (Panel C site na 2014 ruo 2019 na Panel B site na 2020), otu ndị ọkachamara n' iwu mba ụwa kpọrọ ka ha nye ndụmọdụ ma nọchite anya UK n'ụlọ ikpe na nke mba ụwa.<ref name="AttyGenPanel-Website-2015">{{Cite web|title=Attorney General's civil panel counsel: appointments, membership lists and off panel counsel|url=https://www.gov.uk/guidance/attorney-generals-panel-counsel-appointments-membership-lists-and-off-panel-counsel|work=Treasury Solicitor's Department, Government Legal Department and Attorney General's Office|accessdate=30 August 2015|date=14 August 2015}}</ref><ref name="UKAttyGen-PubIntlLawPanelC-2014">{{Cite web|title=Public International Law Panel of Counsel – Summary of Selection Process|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/285743/Public_International_Law_Panel_of_Counsel_-_Summary.pdf|work=[[Attorney General's Office (United Kingdom)|UK Attorney General]]|accessdate=30 August 2015|date=25 February 2014|archivedate=8 October 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151008003858/https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/285743/Public_International_Law_Panel_of_Counsel_-_Summary.pdf}}</ref><ref name="doughtystreet.co.uk"/> * A họpụtara ya dị ka onye nnọchi anya pụrụ iche nke UK na Media Freedom (2019-2020) site n' aka odeakwụkwọ mba ofesi nke UK (2019-2020).<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|title=Amal Clooney appointed Foreign Office special envoy|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-47825327|accessdate=5 April 2019}}</ref><ref name="doughtystreet.co.uk" /> * A họpụtara ya dị ka osote onye isi oche nke Kọmitii Ukwu nke Ndị Ọkachamara Iwu na Mgbasa Ozi (2019-2021) site n' aka Lord Neuberger nke Abbotsbury, onye bụbu Onye isi oche nke Ụlọikpe Kasị Elu nke UK.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Lord Neuberger and Amal Clooney announce Media Freedom Legal Panel members|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/news/lord-neuberger-and-amal-clooney-announce-media-freedom-legal-panel-members|accessdate=5 November 2020|work=GOV.UK}}</ref><ref name="doughtystreet.co.uk" /> * Onye otu Expert Panel of Preventing Sexual Violence Initiative (PSVI) nke onye bụbu odeakwụkwọ mba UK bụ William Hague guzobere iji nweta ihe akaebe nke mpụ mmekọahụ mere na mpaghara esemokwu.<ref name="doughtystreet.co.uk" /> * N' afọ 2013, a họpụtara ya n' ọtụtụ kọmitii nke United Nations, gụnyere dịka onye ndụmọdụ nke onye nnọchi anya pụrụ iche Kofi Annan na Syria na dịka onye ndụmọdụ na 2013 Drone Inquiry site n' aka onye na-ekwu maka ihe ndị ruuru mmadụ nke UN Ben Emmerson QC n'iji drones eme ihe na ọrụ mgbochi iyi ọha egwu.<ref name="UNSRCTDroneInquiry-2013">{{Cite web|title=UN SRCT Drone Inquiry&nbsp;– Credits: UNSRCT Team|url=http://unsrct-drones.com/report/176|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171020171706/http://unsrct-drones.com/report/176|archivedate=20 October 2017|accessdate=28 April 2014|work=[[United Nations]]}}</ref><ref name="doughtystreet.co.uk" /> * A họpụtara ya na Human Dignity Trust Bar Panel, obere panel nke ndị ọka iwu na-eme pro bono ma na-enye ndụmọdụ na ikpe ndị na-ama aka ịkpa ókè megide ndị LGBT.<ref name="doughtystreet.co.uk" /> * A họpụtara Clooney dị ka onye kachasị mma nke Barbara Walters na 2014.<ref name="ABCNews-BWaltersFascinating-2015">{{Cite web|author=<!--Not stated-->|date=14 December 2015|title=Amal Clooney: Barbara Walters' Most Fascinating Person of the Year|url=https://abcnews.go.com/Entertainment/amal-clooney-barbara-walters-fascinating-person-year/story?id=27566889|work=[[ABC News]]}}</ref> Na 2014 British Fashion Awards, e depụtara ya maka Best British Style n' akụkụ David Beckham, Kate Moss, Keira Knightley n' Emma Watson.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Sowray|first=Bibby|date=1 December 2014|title=Emma Watson Wins Award for Best British Style at Fashion Awards|url=http://fashion.telegraph.co.uk/news-features/TMG11265784/British-Fashion-Awards-2014-Emma-Watson-crowned-British-Style-Icon.html|accessdate=23 May 2015|work=Telegraph Media Group|archivedate=13 December 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141213115424/http://fashion.telegraph.co.uk/news-features/TMG11265784/British-Fashion-Awards-2014-Emma-Watson-crowned-British-Style-Icon.html}}</ref> * 2016 World Economic Forum Young Global Leader.<ref name="doughtystreet.co.uk"/><ref>{{Cite web|author=Knowles|first=Kitty|title=Amal Clooney & fellow Brits make World Economic Forum's "tech-wise" list|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/kittyknowles/2016/03/17/amal-clooney-world-economic-forum-british-young-global-leaders-class-of-2016/|accessdate=28 October 2021|work=Forbes}}</ref> * 2018 United Nations Correspondents Association Global Citizen of the Year Award.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Amal Clooney wins 2018 United Nations Correspondents' Association Global Citizen of the Year Award {{!}} Doughty Street Chambers|url=https://www.doughtystreet.co.uk/news/amal-clooney-wins-2018-united-nations-correspondents-association-global-citizen-year-award|accessdate=28 October 2021|work=www.doughtystreet.co.uk|date=7 December 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=2018 UNCA Awards Winners « The United Nations Correspondents Association|url=https://unca.com/2018-unca-awards-winners/|accessdate=28 October 2021}}</ref> * N 'afọ 2019, Prince Charles malitere onyinye Amal Clooney iji mee emume 'ụmụ agbọghọ dị egwu'.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Abrams|first=Margaret|title=Prince Charles launches the 'Amal Clooney Award' to celebrate 'incredible young women'|url=https://www.businessinsider.com/prince-charles-launches-the-amal-clooney-award-2019-3|accessdate=29 February 2020|work=Business Insider}}</ref> * Simon Wiesenthal Center sọpụrụ Amal na George Clooney na Humanitarian Award ya na mmemme mmemme ya na 2020.<ref>{{Cite web|date=29 October 2020|title=Amal and George Clooney Honored at Simon Wiesenthal Center Museum of Tolerance 2020 Gala|url=https://jewishjournal.com/community/323927/amal-and-george-clooney-honored-at-simon-wiesenthal-center-museum-of-tolerance-2020-gala/|accessdate=28 October 2021|work=Jewish Journal}}</ref> * 2020 Kọmitii na-echebe ndị nta akụkọ Gwen Ifill Award maka "ihe ịga nke ọma pụrụ iche na nke na-adịgide adịgide n' ihe kpatara nnwere onwe mgbasa ozi".<ref>{{Cite web|title=2020|url=https://cpj.org/awards/2020/|accessdate=28 October 2021|work=Committee to Protect Journalists}}</ref> * 2021 Kọmitii ndị nta akụkọ maka nnwere onwe nke mgbasa ozi 'Freedom of the Press Award'.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Freedom of the Press Awards|url=https://www.rcfp.org/freedom-of-the-press-awards/|accessdate=28 October 2021|work=The Reporters Committee for Freedom of the Press}}</ref> * American Society of International Law 'Onye mmeri nke International Rule of Law' Award.<ref name="doughtystreet.co.uk" /> * N' afọ 2021, National Underground Railroad Freedom Center kwetara na Amal na George Clooney maka ọrụ ha na ikpe ziri ezi na mbọ nnwere onwe nke oge a na International Freedom Conductor Awards Gala.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Lewis|first=Kaitlin|title=George and Amal Clooney receive highest honor from the Freedom Center Saturday|url=https://www.cincinnati.com/story/news/2021/10/17/george-and-amal-clooney-receive-highest-honor-ifca-awards-gala/8496943002/|accessdate=28 October 2021|work=The Enquirer}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=2021 International Freedom Conductor Awards Gala – National Underground Railroad Freedom Center|url=https://freedomcenter.org/voice/event/ifca21/|accessdate=28 October 2021|work=freedomcenter.org}}</ref> * 2022, Fellow nke Society of Writers to Her Majesty's Signet (nke a maara dị ka WS Society)<ref>{{Cite web|title=Amal Clooney, New WS Fellow|url=https://www.wssociety.co.uk/features/2021/new-fellow|accessdate=18 January 2022|work=The WS Society|date=22 December 2021}}</ref> * 2022, Time magazine, Woman of the Year. * 2022, Isiokwu 3 Human Rights Global Treasure Award.<ref>{{Cite web|title=2022|url=https://www.article3.org/2022|accessdate=2023-01-05|work=Article3.org|language=en-US}}</ref> 2Clooney bụ onye guzobere na onye isi oche nke Clooney Foundation for Justice, nke ya na di ya, George Clooney, guzobere na 2016. Ebumnuche ha bụ ikpe ziri ezi iji mepụta ụwa ebe a na-echebe ikike mmadụ na ọ dịghị onye karịrị iwu. Nzukọ ahụ na-achịkọta ihe akaebe nke mmetọ nke ikike mmadụ, na-enye nkwado iwu n' efu maka ndị merụrụ ahụ ma na-arụ ọrụ iji hụ na a na-aza ndị na-eme ya. CFJ na-arụ ọrụ ugbu a n' ihe karịrị mba iri anọ: na-enyocha mpụ agha na Ukraine, na-enyo enyo ikpe ụgha na-elekwasị anya na ụmụ nwanyị na ndị nta akụkọ, na ịlụ ọgụ megide usoro ọchịchị aka ike zuru ụwa ọnụ nke na-achọ ịta ndị na-ekwu eziokwu ahụhụ. Ihe omume ya kachasị ọhụrụ, Waging Justice for Women, na-eji usoro ikpe iji gbanwee iwu ịkpa ókè ma mee ka ịza ajụjụ maka mmetọ dabere na okike.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Clooney Foundation for Justice|url=https://cfj.org/|accessdate=2023-03-08|work=Clooney Foundation For Justice|language=en}}</ref> Ọ sonyeere Aurora Humanitarian Initiative na mmalite Amal Clooney Scholarship, nke e mepụtara iji zipụ otu nwa akwụkwọ nwanyị si Lebanon na United World College Dilijan kwa afọ, iji debanye aha na mmemme International Baccalaureate (IB) afọ abụọ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.latimes.com/entertainment/gossip/la-et-mg-amal-clooney-scholarship-100-lives-20151217-story.html|title=Amal Clooney launches scholarship for Lebanese girls|date=17 December 2015|work=[[Los Angeles Times]]}}</ref> Clooney na di ya kwadoro nwa akwụkwọ Yazidi, Hazim Avdal, onye ọ zutere site n' ọrụ ya na Nadia Murad ka Avdal na-arụ ọrụ na Yazda. Avdal nọ na Mahadum Chicago.<ref name="ChicagoTrib-HazimAvdal-2018">{{Cite news|author=Swartz|first=Tracy|title=George and Amal Clooney sponsor an Iraqi refugee attending U. of C.|url=http://www.chicagotribune.com/entertainment/chicagoinc/ct-ent-george-clooney-iraqi-refugee-hazim-avdal-20180212-story.html|work=[[Chicago Tribune]]|date=12 February 2018}}</ref> N' afọ 2017, Clooneys nyere onyinye $ 1 nde na Southern Poverty Law Center na Charlottesville, Virginia, iji lụso òtù ịkpọasị ọgụ na America.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Fleming|first=Mike Jr.|date=2017-08-22|title=George & Amal Clooney Donate $1 Million To Fight Hate Groups|url=https://deadline.com/2017/08/george-clooney-amal-clooney-one-million-dollar-donation-combat-hate-groups-southern-poverty-law-center-1202153603/|accessdate=2023-03-08|work=Deadline|language=en-US}}</ref> N' afọ 2018, mgbe a gbagburu Stoneman Douglas High School, ndị Clooneys kwere nkwa $ 500,000 na March for Our Lives ma kwuo na ha ga-abịa.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.sfgate.com/entertainment/the-wrap/article/George-and-Amal-Clooney-Donate-500-000-for-12626898.php|title=Oprah Follows George and Amal Clooney's Lead, to Donate $500,000 for Parkland Students' March|date=20 February 2018}}</ref> Ha nyekwara $ 100,000 na Young Center for Immigrant Children's Rights, site na Clooney Foundation for Justice, iji nyere ụmụaka na-akwaga mba ọzọ kewapụrụ na ezinụlọ ha n'ókè US na Mexico aka.<ref>{{Cite web|title=The Clooneys Donated $100,000 to Help Migrant Children Separated From Their Parents|url=https://www.wmagazine.com/story/george-amal-clooney-donation-to-help-migrant-children|accessdate=2023-03-08|work=W Magazine|date=20 June 2018|language=en}}</ref> Amal na George Clooney nyere onyinye $ 100,000 nye ụlọ ọrụ ebere atọ nke Lebanon, Lebanese Red Cross, Impact Lebanon, na Baytna Baytak, bụ ndị nyere aka nye ndị mgbawa nke 2020 metụtara na Beirut.<ref>{{Cite web|author=McNary|first=Dave|date=2020-08-06|title=Amal and George Clooney Donate $100,000 to Lebanese Relief Charities After Beirut Explosion|url=https://variety.com/2020/film/news/amal-george-clooney-donate-100000-lebanese-relief-charities-1234727949/|accessdate=2023-03-08|work=Variety|language=en-US}}</ref> N' afọ 2020, ndị Clooneys nyere $ 1 nde maka mbọ enyemaka coronavirus. Nke a gụnyere ego maka NHS iji nyere aka nye ndị ọrụ nọ n' ihu na Lebanese Food Bank nke na-enyere ndị nne na-alụbeghị di aka, ndị agadi na ndị na-adịghị ike na-enweghị ike ịrụ ọrụ ugbu a n'ihi ntiwapụ COVID-19.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-04-09|title=Amal & George Clooney Just Made A Major Donation To 6 Coronavirus Relief Efforts|url=https://www.vogue.co.uk/news/article/george-amal-clooney-coronavirus-donation|accessdate=2023-03-08|work=British Vogue|language=en-GB}}</ref> Ha nyekwara onyinye na The Mill na Sonning Theatre, nke dị nso n' ụlọ ha na Berkshire, nke nyeere aka hụ na ọ dị ndụ site na ọrịa a.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Andrews|first=Farah|date=2020-10-11|title=George and Amal Clooney donate to save their local theatre in England|url=https://www.thenationalnews.com/arts-culture/on-stage/george-and-amal-clooney-donate-to-save-their-local-theatre-in-england-1.1091647|accessdate=2023-03-08|work=The National|language=en}}</ref> N' afọ 2022, Amal Clooney, ya na Michelle Obama na Melinda French Gates, malitere mkpọsa 'Get Her There' nke na-achọ ịkwalite izi ihe na inye ụmụ nwanyị nọ n' afọ iri na ụma ike.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Alvord|first=Kyler|date=25 October 2022|title=Michelle Obama Launches New 'Get Her There' Campaign with Amal Clooney, Melinda Gates|url=https://people.com/politics/michelle-obama-launches-get-her-there-campaign-with-amal-clooney-melinda-gates/|accessdate=5 January 2023|work=People}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=Rodriguez|first=Leah|date=28 October 2022|title=Michelle Obama, Melinda French Gates, and Amal Clooney Are Joining Forces to Fight Child Marriage|url=https://www.globalcitizen.org/en/content/michelle-obama-melinda-french-gates-amal-clooney/|accessdate=5 January 2023|work=Global Citizen}}</ref> N' ọnwa Febụwarị 2017, ihe ngosi ''okwu'' CBS The Talk kọrọ na Clooney dị ime.<ref name="BBCNews-ExpectingTwins-2017">{{Cite news|title=George and Amal Clooney 'expecting twins'|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-38926056|work=[[BBC News]]|date=10 February 2017}}</ref> Enyi ya Matt Damon kwupụtara afọ ime ahụ na Entertainment Tonight.<ref name="ABCNews-DamonGreatParents-2017">{{Cite news|author=Rothman|first=Michael|title=Matt Damon Says George and Amal Clooney Will Be 'Great Parents'|url=https://abcnews.go.com/Entertainment/matt-damon-george-amal-clooney-great-parents/story?id=45400456|work=[[ABC News]]|date=10 February 2017}}</ref> Na June 2017, ọ mụrụ ejima, nwa nwoke na nwa nwanyị.<ref name="People-TwinsBirth-2017">{{Cite news|author=Leonard|first=Elizabeth|title=A Boy! A Girl! George and Amal Clooney Welcome Twins|url=http://people.com/babies/george-clooney-amal-clooney-welcome-twins/|work=People|date=6 June 2017}}</ref> == Ọrụ na akwụkwọ == * Special Tribunal for Lebanon: Law and Practice, nke ya na D. Tolbert na N. Jurdi dere (Oxford University Press, 2014).<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://global.oup.com/academic/product/the-special-tribunal-for-lebanon-9780199687459?cc=gb&lang=en&|title=The Special Tribunal for Lebanon: Law and Practice|date=27 March 2014|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-968745-9|editor=Alamuddin|series=Oxford Monographs in International Humanitarian & Criminal Law|location=Oxford, New York}}</ref> * {{Cite book|author=Clooney|first=Amal|title=The Right to a Fair Trial in International Law|url=https://global.oup.com/academic/product/the-right-to-a-fair-trial-in-international-law-9780198808398|date=2020|publisher=Oxford University Press|location=New York|isbn=978-0-198-80839-8|oclc=994411014|ref=none}} * Onye nchịkọta akụkọ ya na D. Neuberger nke Free Speech in International Law (2022) * "Human Rights", isi na I. Roberts (ed.), Satow's Diplomatic Practice (7th Edition, Oxford University Press, 2017) (melite maka mbipụta 2022 na-aga n'ihu).<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://global.oup.com/academic/product/satows-diplomatic-practice-9780198739104?cc=gb&lang=en&|title=Satow's Diplomatic Practice|date=1 December 2016|publisher=[[Oxford University Press]]|isbn=978-0-19-873910-4|editor=Roberts|edition=7th|location=Oxford, New York}}</ref> * "The Right to Insult in International Law?", ya na P. Webb, na Columbia Human Rights Law Review, 2017, Mpịakọta 48, Nke 2.<ref>{{Cite journal|title=The Right to Insult in International Law|url=http://hrlr.law.columbia.edu/hrlr/the-right-to-insult-in-international-law/|accessdate=28 October 2021|journal=Columbia Human Rights Law Review}}</ref> * {{Cite book|author=Alamuddin|first=Amal|editor=Alamuddin|title=The Special Tribunal for Lebanon: Law and Practice|date=2014|publisher=Oxford University Press|location=Oxford|isbn=978-0-19-968745-9|chapter=Chapter 4: The UN investigation of the Hariri assassination: The relationship between the UN investigation commission and the Special Tribunal for Lebanon: Problems of Principle and Practice|pages=50–72|oclc=861207456}} * {{Cite book|author=Alamuddin|first=Amal|editor=Zidar|title=Contemporary Challenges for the International Criminal Court|date=2014|publisher=British Institute of International and Comparative Law|location=London|isbn=978-1-90522-151-6|pages=103–130|chapter=The role of the Security Council in starting and stopping cases at the International Criminal Court: problems of principle and practice|oclc=871319445}} * {{Cite news|author=Alamuddin|first=Amal|title=Separating Law and Politics: Challenges to the Independence of Judges and Prosecutors in Egypt|url=http://www.ibanet.org/Article/Detail.aspx?ArticleUid=B30A63AE-8066-4B49-8758-C1684BE5E9B9|work=Report of the International Bar Association Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI), Supported by the Open Society Foundations Arab Regional Office|date=February 2014|accessdate=30 August 2015|archive-date=8 August 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160808095142/http://www.ibanet.org/Article/Detail.aspx?ArticleUid=b30a63ae-8066-4b49-8758-c1684be5e9b9|url-status=dead}} * {{Cite journal|author=Alamuddin|first=Amal|title=Expanding Jurisdiction over War Crimes under Article 8 of the ICC Statute|journal=Journal of International Criminal Justice|date=15 November 2010|volume=8|issue=5|pages=1219–1243|doi=10.1093/jicj/mqq066|issn=1478-1387}} * {{Cite book|author=Alamuddin|first=Amal|editor=Khan|title=Principles of Evidence in International Criminal Justice|date=2010|publisher=Oxford University Press|location=Oxford|isbn=978-0-19-958892-3|pages=231–305|chapter=II. Before the Trial Begins; 6. Collection of Evidence|oclc=663822377}} * Clooney, Amal (29 Julaị 2021). "[https://www.justsecurity.org/77636/dont-let-the-autocrats-win-how-biden-can-use-the-democracy-summit-to-build-back-media-freedoms/ Ekwela ka ndị] Autocrats merie - Otu Biden nwere ike isi jiri nzukọ ọchịchị onye kwuo uche ya mee ihe iji wulite nnwere onwe mgbasa ozi". Naanị Nchebe. * Clooney, Amal (17 Mee 2021). "Yazidis kwesịrị ikpe ziri ezi maka Mgbukpọ agbụrụ: Otu ndị otu Biden ga-esi eduzi ụzọ". Naanị Nchebe. * Clooney, Amal (11 Mee 2021). [https://www.washingtonpost.com/gdpr-consent/?next_url=https%3a%2f%2fwww.washingtonpost.com%2fopinions%2f2021%2f05%2f11%2famal-clooney-zainab-ahmad-isis-torturer-war-crimes%2f "Onye na-ata ndị ISIS ahụhụ sonyere na mgbukpọ agbụrụ. U.S. na-eme ka o sie ike iwebata ya n'ụlọ ikpe".] ''Akwụkwọ akụkọ Washington Post''. * Clooney, Amal (12 June 2020). "[https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/2020/06/12/amal-clooney-test-democracy-philippines/ Nnyocha maka ọchịchị onye kwuo uche ya na Philippines]". ''Akwụkwọ akụkọ Washington Post''. * Clooney, Amal (22 Septemba 2017). "N' ikpeazụ, anyị nwere mgbalị jikọtara ọnụ iji mee ka ISIS bụrụ ikpe ziri ezi". ''Huffington Post'' * Clooney, Amal (14 Ọktoba 2015). "[https://www.huffpost.com/entry/maldives-president-nasheed-release_b_8297848 Maldives Backslides Into Repression ka ụwa na-akpọ oku ka a tọhapụ onye isi ala Nasheed]". ''Huffington Post'' * [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] "[https://www.huffpost.com/entry/sisi-al-jazeera-mohamed-fahmy-free_b_7920542/ Ọ bụ oge Sisi ga-eme ka onye nta akụkọ Al Jazeera bụ Mohamed Fahmy] Free". ''Huffington Post'' * {{Cite news|author=Clooney|first=Amal|title=Release Mohamed Nasheed{{snd}} an innocent man and the Maldives' great hope|url=https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2015/apr/30/release-mohamed-nasheed-maldives-president-conviction|work=[[The Guardian]]|date=30 April 2015}} * Clooney, Amal (26 Febụwarị 2015). ""Egypt kwesịrị iziga onye nta akụkọ Canada Mohamed Fahmy n' ụlọ". ''Huffington Post'' * {{Cite news|author=Clooney|first=Amal|title=The Anatomy of an Unfair Trial|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/Amal-Alamuddin/egypt-unfair-trial_b_5688388.html|work=[[Huffington Post]]|date=18 August 2014}} * {{Cite news|author=Alamuddin|first=Amal|title=Will Syria go to the ICC?|url=http://www.doughtystreet.co.uk/documents/uploaded-documents/will_syria_go_to_the_ICC.pdf|work=[[The Lawyer]]|date=10 December 2012|accessdate=28 September 2014}} * {{Cite journal|author=Alamuddin|first=Amal|title=Does Libya Have to Surrender Saif Al-slam Gaddafi to The Hague?|journal=Mizaan: The Newsletter from Lawyers for Justice in Libya|date=April 2012|issue=1|url=http://www.doughtystreet.co.uk/documents/uploaded-documents/mizaan-newsletter-23rd-april-final1.pdf|accessdate=28 September 2014}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] mjeg44op6xzxt0cc3ow9g2yh28klm5p 0 30277 727397 120916 2026-09-23T13:12:40Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727397 wikitext text/x-wiki   Amniotic stem sel akụ bụ ụlọ ọrụ na-echekwa mkpụrụ ndụ stem sitere na mmiri amniotic maka iji ya mee ihe n'ọdịnihu. A na-echekwa ihe nlele mkpụrụ ndụ na ụlọ akụ onwe onye (ma ọ bụ ezinụlọ) maka onye ọ bụla a chịkọtara mkpụrụ ndụ ndị dị otú ahụ ma onye dị otú ahụ na-akwụ ụgwọ ọrụ nkụzi na ụlọ akụ. Ọ bụ naanị onye ahụ nwere ike iweghachite ihe nlele ahụ ma ọ bụ maka ndị na iji ya mee Ihe ihe site n'aka onye dị otú ahụ ma ọ bụrụ, n'ọtụtụ ọnọdụ, site n'enyemaka ya ma ọ bụ ndị ikwu ya. N'ihe banyere amniotic fluid stem cell ụlọ akụ, nne na-enye onyinye ahụ nwere ikike nke stem cells na ibu ọrụ ego maka nchekwa ya. Mgbe nwatakịrị ahụ n'ebe nile site n'aka ahụ sitere na ime ahụ ruru afọ iwu kwadoro, enwere ahu ndi mádu ike ịnyefe onye nwe ya na ibu ọrụ maka ihe nnwale ahụ. Biocell na ụdị nke dị ụdị nke ụwa họrọ site n'ime ụmụ ndị ikom na ụmụ ndị ọzọ Center meghere ụlọ akụ amniotic stem cell mbụ na US n'ọnwa Ọktoba 2009 na Medford, Massachusetts.<ref name="urlEuropean Biotech Company Biocell Center Opens First U.S. Facility for Preservation of Amniotic Stem Cells in Medford, Massachusetts..India | Reuters">{{Cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/pressRelease/idUS166682+22-Oct-2009+PRN20091022|title=European Biotech Company Biocell Center Opens First U.S. Facility for Preservation of Amniotic Stem Cells in Medford, Massachusetts &#124; Reuters|accessdate=2010-01-11|date=2009-10-22|archive-date=2009-10-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091030150358/http://www.reuters.com/article/pressRelease/idUS166682+22-Oct-2009+PRN20091022|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="urlEuropes Biocell Center opens Medford office - Daily Business Update - The Boston Globe">{{Cite news|url=http://www.boston.com/business/ticker/2009/10/europes_biocell.html|title=Europe's Biocell Center opens Medford office - Daily Business Update - The Boston Globe|accessdate=2010-01-11|date=2009-10-22|archive-date=2014-04-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140404154641/http://www.boston.com/business/ticker/2009/10/europes_biocell.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="urlThe Ticker - BostonHerald.com">{{Cite web|url=http://www.bostonherald.com/business/general/view/20091022the_ticker|title=The Ticker - BostonHerald.com|format=|accessdate=2010-01-11}}</ref> == Usoro nchịkọta == A na-anakọta mkpụrụ ndụ amniotic site na mmiri amniotic nke a na-ewepụta n'oge amniocentesis nke mkpụrụ osisi nke ụwa họrọ site na iji Tinye na Enyi gbochie ịnye ndị mmadụ n'ihe ndị mere n'oge ochie nakwa n'oge kwesịrị ekwesị na ụdị nke ụwa họrọ site na iji bịa na nnụnụ ahụ n'ebe ndụ ihe nketa, usoro nchọpụta tupu amụọ nke a na'oge ọnwa atọ nke afọ ime. Maka ebumnuche nke ichekwa mkpụrụ ndụ stem, a na-echekwa obere mmiri a na-ewepụ maka nyocha mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa n'ime akpa nchịkọta maka njem gaa na nhazi na nchekwa. Nchịkọta nke ihe nlele anaghị akpata na ụdị nke dị ndụ mgbanwe na usoro amniocentesis ma ya mere ọ naghị agbakwunye ihe ize ndụ ọzọ nye nne. Na United States, Food and Drug Administration na-achịkwa mkpụrụ ndụ amniotic stem n'okpuru ụdị nke "Mkpụrụ ndụ mmadụ, Akpụkpọ ahụ, na mkpụrụ ndụ na mkpụrụ ndụ. " == Ebe a na-edebe ihe n'ime ala == Mgbe a chịkọtara ya, a na-ebuga ihe nnwale amniotic nke nwere mkpụrụ ndụ stem na ụlọ nyocha maka nhazi, cryopreservation na nchekwa ma na ụdị nke ụwa họrọ site n'ime ụmụ ndị ogbi ozi ọma ahụ n'ebe nile site n'aka ndị na ụdị nke ụwa họrọ ọrụ ụzọ ndị ọzọ na ụdị. A na-ekpughe ihe nnwale a na-edozi na usoro oyi nke na-aga n'ihu n'ihu nke dị mkpa n'ihi na ọ na-eme ka mkpụrụ ndụ dị ndụ n'oge usoro cryopreservation. Mgbe a gwụchara ya, a na-ebufe ihe nlele ahụ na tankị nchekwa nitrogen. Usoro eji eme ihe maka usoro cryopreservation ejirila mee ihe n'ụzọ dị ukwuu site na ndị e mere maka mkpụrụ ndụ haematopoietic stem cells nke ọkpụkpụ. == Mkpụrụ ndụ stem na ọgwụ regenerative == Ọgwụ na-agbanwe agbanwe bụ ngalaba nke nyocha ahụike na-emepụta ọgwụgwọ iji dozie ma ọ bụ weghachite anụ ahụ kpọmkwem n'ime ahụ. N'ihi na enwere ike itinye mkpụrụ ndụ amniotic nke onye ahụ n'enweghị nsogbu n'ime onye ahụ n"enweghị usoro ahụ ji alụso ọrịa ọgụ jụrụ ya - na n'ihi na ha nwere njirimara pụrụ iche ma e jiri ya tụnyere isi mmalite ndị ọzọ nke mkpụrụ ndụ stem - ha bụ ihe na-arịwanye elu nke nyocha ọgwụ. Nnyocha na mpaghara a nwere ikike ịgbanwe ọgwụ. Ọ na-aga n'ihu ngwa ngwa nke na ọ na-esiri ndị ọkachamara n'ihe gbasara ahụike ike inye ndị ọrịa ha ozi kachasị ọhụrụ. Ojiji ndị nwere ike iji mee ihe n'ọdịnihu n'ọhịa ọgwụ na-eme ka mmadụ dịghachi ọhụrụ gụnyere idozi anụ ahụ obi, nkwarụ ọmụmụ, na anụ ahụ ndị ọzọ mebiri emebi. == Hụkwa == * Ụlọ akụ cell == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} b1fsxe8h2ta8859fk33c8bdxs47tgzp 0 30628 727466 725644 2026-09-24T02:15:35Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727466 wikitext text/x-wiki <references responsive="1"></references>{{Databox}} Dr. Bennet Ifeakandu Omalu {{Audio|Ig-Bennet Ifeakandu Omalu.ogg|Audio}} // ⓘ<nowiki></link></nowiki> (amuru na September 30, 1968 [1] ) bu dibiabia Naijiria na onye America, onye dibia bekee na neuropathologist bu onye bu onye mbu choputara ma biputa ihe nchoputa aha encephalopathy traumatic na-  adighi ala (CTE) na ndi egwuregwu United States mgbe ọ na-arụ ọrụ n'ihe ike Allegheny County coroner na Pittsburgh.  [2] O bụrụ onye mechara bụrụ onye isi ndị na-adị ọhụrụ San Joaquin County, California, ọ bụrụ na prọfesọ na Mahadum California, Davis, ngalaba nke ọrịa na-adị ndụ na ngwaahịa ụlọ.  [3] Ugbu a ọ bụ onye isi oche na onye isi mmalite nke Bennet Omolu Pathology.T == Ndụ mbido == ”. <ref name=":0">{{Cite book|title=Concussion|url=https://archive.org/details/concussion0000lask_x3o5|publisher=Random House Trade Paperbacks|date=2015-11-24|isbn=9780812987577|first=Jeanne Marie|author=Laskas}}</ref>Omalu bụ onye Igbo, a mind ya na Enugwu Ukwu, Njikoka, Anambra na ndị mụrụ Nigeria na September 30, 1968, [1] nke isii n'ime ike asaa.  Amụrụ ya n'oge agha obodo Naijiria nke mere ka ezinapụta ya gbapụ n'iche ha dị n'ime ime obodo Igbo bụ Enugwu-Ukwu dị na ndị na-ede egwuregwu Naijiria.  Ha lọtara afọ ka a mụchara Omalu.  [2] Nne Omalu bụ onye na-akwa akwa na nna ya bụ onye injinia na-egwupụta ihe na onye isi obodo n'Enugwu-Ukwu.  Aha ezinarọ, Omalu, bụ aha mkpirisi nke aha nna, Onyemalukwube, nke ọnụ “onye mara, na-ekwu” . <ref>{{Cite web|title=Meet Dr. Bennet Omalu, The Nigerian Immigrant whose Brilliant Discovery Inspired the Hollywood Blockbuster "Concussion".|url=https://africansabroad.co/meet-dr-bennet-omalu-the-nigerian-immigrant-whose-brilliant-discovery-inspired-the-hollywood-blockbuster-concussion/|work=Africans Abroad|language=en-US|accessdate=2020-05-29|archivedate=2020-07-07|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200707192555/https://africansabroad.co/meet-dr-bennet-omalu-the-nigerian-immigrant-whose-brilliant-discovery-inspired-the-hollywood-blockbuster-concussion/}}</ref>Omalu akwụkwọ ụlọ akwụkwọ praịmarị mgbe ọ dị afọ atọ wee banye na Federal Government College Enugu maka ụlọ akwụkwọ.  Ọ gara ụlọ akwụkwọ wee gụchaa na 16 na Mahadum Nigeria, Nsukka.  Mgbe ọ akwụkwọ akwụkwọ na Bachelor of Medicine and Surgery (MBBS) na June 1990, ọ gụchara ụlọ ọgwụ na- ọrịa, na-esote afọ atọ nke ọrụ ọrụ na obodo ugwu nke Jos.  <nowiki></link></nowiki>O nwera Nigeria mgbe onye ndoro-ndoro ochichi onye isi ala Moshood Abiola ma-nyere onye isi ala Naijiria n'oge ime aka na- ebute njedebe na 1993 [1] wee Lincoln okpuru ọchịchị na United States.  Omalu buru ụzọ bịa na Seattle, Washington na 1994 iji mechaa ọrịa na-efe efe na Mahadum Washington.  <nowiki></link></nowiki>Na 1995, ọ na Seattle ga New York City, ebe ọ sonyeere Columbia University's Harlem Hospital Center maka mmemme na anatomic na clinical pathology. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Sutori|url=https://www.sutori.com/story/life-and-accomplishments-of-bennett-omalu--nxE59FvziCX6eRK4ZveAtJYb|work=www.sutori.com|language=en|accessdate=2020-05-29}}</ref>Tupu obibi ya, ọaja azụ dị ka onye na-ahụ maka ọrịa gbasara ọrịa n'okpuru onye ịhọpụta gbasara Cyril Wecht n' image Allegheny County coroner na Pittsburgh.  Omalu nwere nkwado na neuropathology. . <ref name="BENNETOMALUCVUCDAVIS">[https://www.ucdmc.ucdavis.edu/pathology/our_team/faculty/OmaluB/BennetIOmaluMD,MBA,MPH,CPE,CurriculumVitaeAndTestimonies,August2015.pdf "CV: Bennet Omalu"], UC Davis Medical Center</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite web|title=Bennet Omalu, M.D., M.B.A., MPH, CPE, DABP-AP, CP, FP, NP|url=http://www.ucdmc.ucdavis.edu/pathology/our_team/faculty/OmaluB.html|publisher=University of California, Davis Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine|accessdate=1 September 2015|archivedate=4 November 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171104204505/http://www.ucdmc.ucdavis.edu/pathology/our_team/faculty/OmaluB.html}}</ref>Omalu nwere nzere asaa dị elu na ọdụ bọọdụ, [1] wee ikike ibu na pathology na neuropathology site na Mahadum Pittsburgh na 2000 na 2002 n'otu n'otu, nna ukwu nke nsogbu (MPH) na ọrịa na-efe efe na  2004 site na Mahadum Pittsburgh Graduate School of ekiri Ọha, na onye isi ịzụ ahịa (MBA) sitere na Tepper School of Business na Mahadum Carnegie Mellon na 2008 . <ref>{{Cite news|author=Small|first=Julie|title=Autopsy Doctor Quits, Alleges Sheriff Interfered in Death Probes|work=KQED|date=November 27, 2017|url=https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/11/27/autopsy-doctor-quits-alleges-sheriff-interfered-in-death-probes/|accessdate=2017-12-11}}</ref>Omalu jere ozi dị ka onye isi egwuregwu nke San Joaquin County, California site na 2007 ruo mgbe ọ gbara arụkwaghịm na 2017 mgbe o bochara onye uwe ojii mpaghara Steve Moore, onye abụọ dị ka onye nwe, na-etinye aka ugboro ugboro na cha cha.  Ọnwụ iji chebe ndị ọrụ mmanye iwu gburugburu.  [1] Osote onye na-ahụ maka ọrịa ọrịa nke ụdị n'ọrụ maka nhọrọ ya na Omalu rụkọrọ ọrụ ụbọchị ole na ole gara aga na-ekwu maka ebubo ndị yiri ya. Omalu bụ prọfesọ na Mahadum California, Davis (UCD) Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine. <ref name=":2"/> === Encephalopathy traumatic na-adịghị ala ala === Nnwale Omalu nke onye ọkpụkpọ egwu mbụ nke Pittsburgh Steelers Mike Webster mere na 2002 mere ka ọ pụta ìhè ọzọ maka ọnọdụ akwara ozi na-ejikọta ya na trauma isi na-adịghị ala ala nke a na-akpọ encephalopathy traumatic traumatic, ma ọ bụ CTE, nke akọwara na mbụ na ndị ọkpọ <ref>Sabharwal RK, Sanchetee PC, Sethi PK, Dhamija RM. Chronic traumatic encephalopathy in boxers. J Assoc Physicians India. 1987 Aug;35(8):571-3.</ref> na ndị ọkachamara ọkachamara ndị ọzọ. Webster anwụọla na mberede na na-atụghị anya ya na-esochi afọ nke mgba na mgbaka uche na ọgụgụ isi, ịda ogbenye, ọnọdụ ọnọdụ uche, ịda mbà n'obi, iji ọgwụ ọjọọ eme ihe, na mgbalị igbu onwe. Ọ bụ ezie na ụbụrụ Webster lere anya ka ọ dị mma n'ịchọpụta ihe nrịanrịa, Omalu mere nyocha anụ ahụ nke onwe ya na ego nke onwe ya. <ref name=":3">{{Cite news|title=Game Brain: Football Players and Concussions|url=https://www.gq.com/story/nfl-players-brain-dementia-study-memory-concussions|work=[[GQ]]|author=Laskas|first=Jeanne Marie|accessdate=9 November 2015}}</ref> Ọ na-enyo enyo na Webster nwere ọrịa dementia pugilistica, ụdị nkwarụ na-akpata site na ịpị isi ugboro ugboro, ọnọdụ a hụrụ na mbụ na ndị ọkpọ ọkpọ. N'iji ntụpọ pụrụ iche, Omalu chọtara nnukwu mkpokọta protein tau n'ụbụrụ Webster, nke na-emetụta ọnọdụ, mmetụta uche, na ọrụ ndị isi dị ka ụzọ clumps nke beta-amyloid protein na-enye aka na ọrịa Alzheimer. <ref name=":3" /> Ndị NFL ekwenyeghị n'ihu ọha njikọ dị n'etiti mkparịta ụka na-akwado na football na ogologo oge akwara ozi ruo December 2009, <ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=Timeline: The NFL's Concussion Crisis – League of Denial: The NFL's Concussion Crisis - FRONTLINE|url=https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/sports/league-of-denial/timeline-the-nfls-concussion-crisis/#2006|work=FRONTLINE|publisher=PBS|accessdate=2015-11-09}}</ref> afọ asaa ka Omalu chọpụtara. Otú ọ dị, dị ka njedebe dị ka 2013, nzukọ kwa afọ nke American Academy of Clinical Neuropsychology (AACN) gụnyere arụmụka n'etiti ndị ọkachamara mgbagwoju anya egwuregwu abụọ gbasara nkwado (ma ọ bụ ịdị adị) nke CTE. <ref>[https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/06/130619132354.htm "Sports concussions debate: Does CTE really exist?"]. [[Science Daily]]. Loyola University Health System. June 19, 2013.</ref> N'ikpeazụ, na March 2016, onye isi osote onye isi oche NFL maka amụma ahụike na nchekwa, Jeff Miller, gbara akaebe n'ihu nzuko na NFL kwenyere ugbu a na enwere njikọ n'etiti football na CTE. <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/03/16/sports/nfl-concussions-cte-football-jeff-miller.html|title=N.F.L. Shifts on Concussions, and Game May Never Be the Same|author=Belson|first=Ken|date=2016-03-15|work=The New York Times|accessdate=2018-01-03|language=en-US}}</ref> Na 2016, American Medical Association nyere Omalu ugwu kachasị elu, Award Service Distinguished, maka ọrụ ya na CTE. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ama-assn.org/about/leadership/physician-who-discovered-cte-nfl-players-gets-ama-s-highest-honor|title=Physician who discovered CTE in NFL players gets AMA's highest honor|work=American Medical Association|language=en|accessdate=2020-02-06}}</ref> Konstantine Kyros, onye ọka iwu nke nọchitere anya n'elu 60 ọkachamara mgba mgba na klas omume ikpe megide WWE, kwuru na Omalu posthumously chọpụtara isii mgba Kyros nọchitere anya na CTE. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Trammell|first=Kendall|title=Ex-WWE star Ashley Massaro's brain could be donated to research|url=https://www.cnn.com/2019/05/21/entertainment/ashley-massaro-death-trnd/index.html|publisher=[[CNN]]|date=May 21, 2019|accessdate=May 23, 2019}}</ref> Mgbalị Omalu na-amụ na ịkpọsa CTE n'ihu mmegide NFL ka a kọrọ na isiokwu magazin ''GQ'' na 2009 site n'aka onye nta akụkọ Jeanne Marie Laskas. <ref name=":3"/> Laskas mechara gbasaa akụkọ ahụ ka ọ bụrụ akwụkwọ, ''Concussion'' (Penguin Random House, 2015), wee mee ka ọ bụrụ ihe nkiri ejije nke otu aha. Na ihe nkiri ahụ, Omalu, nke Will Smith gosipụtara, bụ onye bụ isi. Ọ bụ ezie na ihe nkiri ahụ na-ekwu na ọ bụ nanị na ọ “dabere n'ihe mere n'ezie,” a katọrọ ya maka ezighị ezi. <ref>Engber, Daniel (December 21, 2015). [http://www.slate.com/articles/sports/sports_nut/2015/12/the_truth_about_will_smith_s_concussion_and_bennet_omalu.html "''Concussion Lies'': The film about the NFL's apparent CTE epidemic feeds the pervasive national myths about head trauma."]. ''[[Slate (magazine)|Slate]]''.</ref><ref>[http://newyork.cbslocal.com/2015/12/17/concussion-bennet-omalu-nfl/ "'Concussion' Subject Bennet Omalu Exaggerated His Role, Researchers Say"]. [[CBS New York]]. December 17, 2015.</ref> Ka o sina dị, mmepụta ihe nkiri ahụ mere ka e nwee ntọala aha ya bụ Omalu iji kwalite CTE na nchọpụta mgbagwoju anya. <ref>{{Cite web|title=About the Foundation {{!}} Bennet Omalu Foundation|url=http://bennetomalufoundation.org/about-the-foundation/|work=bennetomalufoundation.org|accessdate=2015-12-25}}</ref> Otu edemede nke Jenụwarị 2020 <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/graphics/2020/sports/cte-bennet-omalu/|title=From scientist to salesman: How Bennet Omalu, doctor of 'Concussion' fame, built a career on distorted science|author=Hobson|first=Will|date=January 22, 2020|work=The Washington Post}}</ref> nke Will Hobson, nke e bipụtara na ''The Washington Post'', rụrụ ụka na Omalu "na-ekwubiga okwu ókè na ihe ndị ọ rụzuru ma na-ekwupụta ihe egwu ama ama nke CTE na egwuregwu kọntaktị, na-akpali echiche na-ezighị ezi banyere ọrịa ahụ, dịka ajụjụ ọnụ ya na ihe karịrị 50 si kwuo. ndị ọkachamara na ọrịa neurodegenerative na mmerụ ụbụrụ, yana nyocha nke akwụkwọ 100 karịa akwụkwọ akụkọ ahụike ndị ọgbọ nyochara." Ọzọkwa, "Omalu achọpụtaghị CTE, ọ kpọghịkwa aha ọrịa ahụ. Ọnụ ọgụgụ dị egwu ọ na-agụ banyere egwuregwu kọntaktị na-agbagọ, dị ka onye na-ede akwụkwọ na-emepụta ihe ndị ahụ kwuru. Ọ bụ ezie na Omalu na-azụlite aha dị ka ikike zuru ụwa ọnụ na CTE, amabeghị ma ọ na-enyocha ya nke ọma, dịka ọtụtụ ndị ọkachamara na ọrịa ahụ siri kwuo. ". <ref>{{Cite news|author=Hobson|first=Will|title=From scientist to salesman How Bennet Omalu, doctor of 'Concussion' fame, built a career on distorted science|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/graphics/2020/sports/cte-bennet-omalu|work=The Washington Post|accessdate=22 January 2020|archive-date=23 January 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200123163529/https://www.washingtonpost.com/graphics/2020/sports/cte-bennet-omalu/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Na Jenụwarị 28, 2020 Omalu weputara nkwuputa nke akpọrọ "Anyị na-aghọ mba nke ụgha" <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bennetomalu.com/img/Dr%20Omalu%27s%20Response%20to%20the%20Washington%20Post%20Hit-Piece.pdf|title=We are Becoming a Nation of Lies.|author=Omalu|first=Bennet|date=January 28, 2020|accessdate=October 1, 2023|archivedate=January 31, 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230131010403/https://www.bennetomalu.com/img/Dr%20Omalu%27s%20Response%20to%20the%20Washington%20Post%20Hit-Piece.pdf}}</ref> na edemede ''Washington Post''. Ọ zaghachikwara na nkwupụta nke akpọrọ "Top 10 Lies Behind Personal Attack Washington Post na Dr. Bennet Omalu" na webụsaịtị ya. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bennetomalu.com/img/WP_Lies.pdf|title=Top 10 Lies Behind the Washington Post's Personal Attack on Dr. Bennet Omalu|author=Omalu|first=Bennet|date=4 February 2020|accessdate=1 October 2023|archivedate=20 October 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20221020074850/https://bennetomalu.com/img/WP_Lies.pdf}}</ref> Akwụkwọ Omalu, ''Eziokwu anaghị enwe akụkụ: nchọpụta m na-atụ egwu banyere ihe ize ndụ nke egwuregwu kọntaktị'', bipụtara na August 2017 site na HarperCollins. <ref>{{Cite news|author=Peterson|first=Gary|title=Why it took a foreign-born doctor to blow the whistle on the NFL's concussion epidemic|url=http://www.eastbaytimes.com/2017/08/24/bennet-omalu/|work=Bay Area News Group|date=August 24, 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|author=Almond|first=Elliott|title='Concussion' doc's six sports kids should never play|url=http://www.eastbaytimes.com/2017/08/25/the-concussion-docs-six-sports-kids-should-never-play/|work=Bay Area News Group|date=August 25, 2017}}</ref> O dere na mbụ, ''Play Hard, Die Young: Football Dementia, Depression, and Death'', nke e bipụtara na 2008. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Play Hard, Die Young|url=https://www.goodreads.com/work/best_book/2920528-play-hard-die-young-football-dementia-depression-and-death|work=www.goodreads.com|accessdate=2020-05-30}}</ref> Na Septemba 2016, Omalu dọtara mmasị mgbasa ozi mgbe ọ tụrụ aro na Twitter na Hillary Clinton nwere ike ịbụ nsị ma dụọ ndị otu mgbasa ozi onye isi ala ya ọdụ ka ha "mee nyocha toxicologic nke ọbara Ms. Clinton." Ọ gara n'ihu tweeted, "Enweghị m ntụkwasị obi Mr. Putin na Mr. [[Donald Trump|Trump]]. Na abụọ ahụ, ihe niile ga-ekwe omume." <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/early-lead/wp/2016/09/12/the-man-who-discovered-cte-thinks-hillary-clinton-may-have-been-poisoned/|title=The man who discovered CTE thinks Hillary Clinton may have been poisoned|author=Boren|first=Cindy|work=The Washington Post|accessdate=2016-09-13}}</ref> == Ndụ onwe onye == Omalu lụrụ Prema Mutiso, onye si [[Kenya]]. Ha bi na Elk Grove, California ma mụọ ụmụ abụọ, Ashly na Mark. <ref name=":0"/> Ọ bụ onye Katọlik na-eme ihe wee bụrụ nwa amaala US na February 2015. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Bennet Omalu Foundation launches in Pittsburgh|url=http://www.pghcitypaper.com/Blogh/archives/2015/12/16/bennet-omalu-foundation-launches-in-pittsburgh|work=Pittsburgh City Paper|accessdate=2016-01-05|archivedate=2016-08-25|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160825092621/http://www.pghcitypaper.com/Blogh/archives/2015/12/16/bennet-omalu-foundation-launches-in-pittsburgh}}</ref> {{DEFAULTSORT:Bennet,Omalu}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] qth1v6ryvs0mw1xq4errll37vsfqwqb 0 30776 727537 578343 2026-09-24T06:46:33Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727537 wikitext text/x-wiki   {{Databox}} Chukwudi "Chidi" Odiah (amụrụ na 17 Disemba 1983) bụ onye Naijiria bụbu [[Footbọl|onye na-agba bọọlụ]] nke na-agba dịka onye na-azụ azụ aka nri. Onye bụbu onye mba ụwa, a maara ya maka ụkpụrụ ọrụ ya, nkà na ike ịwakpo. == Ọrụ klọb == === Eagle Cement na Julius Berger === Odiah malitere ọrụ ya na Eagle Cement na Nigeria Premier League tupu ọ kwaga Julius Berger F.C. na 2000, nke ọ gbara egwuregwu 10 wee merie league. === Onye uwe ojii Tiraspol === Na ngwụcha afọ 2000, Odiah kwagara Sheriff Tiraspol. Ọ pụtara n'egwuregwu 58 ma gbaa goolu ise, na-aghọ otu n'ime ndị isi egwuregwu na otu ahụ ka ha na-achịkwa bọọlụ Moldova ma merie ọtụtụ nsọpụrụ. === CSKA Moscow === Na 2003 CIS Cup, Odiah dọtara uche CSKA Moscow ma mesịa sonye na klọb ahụ otu afọ ka e mesịrị na nkwekọrịta afọ anọ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.uefa.com/memberassociations/news/newsid=138660.html|title=Member associations - News – UEFA.com|author=uefa.com|work=UEFA.com|date=19 January 2004|language=en|accessdate=14 May 2018|archive-date=7 October 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131007231156/http://www.uefa.com/memberassociations/news/newsid=138660.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> O meriri UEFA Cup na 2005 wee sonye na 2005<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/europe/4555475.stm|title=Sporting 1–3 CSKA Moscow|date=18 May 2005|accessdate=14 May 2018|language=en-GB}}</ref> UEFA Super Cup, yana igwu egwu na UEFA Champions League.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.uefa.com/uefaeuropaleague/season=2004/matches/round=1979/match=80608/postmatch/statistics/index.html|title=UEFA Europa League 2004/05 - History - CSKA Moskva-Auxerre – UEFA.com|accessdate=12 October 2011|archivedate=6 October 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131006151320/http://www.uefa.com/uefaeuropaleague/season=2004/matches/round=1979/match=80608/postmatch/statistics/index.html}}</ref> Ọ hapụrụ CSKA site na nkwekọrịta ha abụọ na 16 Febụwarị 2012.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Чиди Одиа покинул ПФК ЦСКА|url=https://www.pfc-cska.com/novosti/vse-novosti/novosti-osnovy/chidi-odia-pokinul-pfk-cska-0/|work=pfc-cska.com|publisher=PFC CSKA Moscow|accessdate=7 June 2018|language=Russian|date=16 February 2012}}</ref> === Mba Nile === Chidi nọchitere anya mba ya na ọkwa ndị ntorobịa dị iche iche. Ọ gbara bọọlụ maka ndị otu mba Naịjirịa U-17 na African U-17 Championship - onye mmeri nke asọmpi ahụ. Na ihe omume ọzọ, Meridian Cup, ọ bụ onyeisi ndị otu. Egwuregwu mbụ ya na ndị otu okenye mere na Septemba 2004, na egwuregwu megide Zimbabwe. Chidi nwetakwara ọla nchara ugboro abụọ na ndị otu Naịjirịa na iko mba Afrịka - 2006, 2010. A họpụtara Odiah maka ndị otu Naijiria na 2010 FIFA World Cup<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://soccernet.espn.go.com/world-cup/team/squad?id%3D657%26cc%3D5739%26ver%3Dglobal|title=Nigeria Squad - World Cup 2010 - ESPN Soccernet|accessdate=12 October 2011|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120315023454/http://soccernet.espn.go.com/world-cup/team/squad?id=657|archivedate=15 March 2012}}</ref> na egwuregwu mbụ megide Argentina batara na mbido, yana na egwuregwu ya na South Korea, o nyere goolu. == Ndekọ ọnụ ọgụgụ ọrụ == === Klọb === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center" |+Appearances and goals by club, season and competition<ref>{{Cite web|title=C.Odiah|url=https://int.soccerway.com/players/chidi-odiah/6394/|work=uk.soccerway.com/|publisher=Soccerway|accessdate=4 December 2015}}</ref> ! rowspan="2" |Club ! rowspan="2" |Season ! colspan="3" |League ! colspan="2" |National Cup ! colspan="2" |Continental ! colspan="2" |Other ! colspan="2" |Total |- !Division !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals |- | rowspan="9" |CSKA Moscow |2004 | rowspan="8" |Russian Premier League |21 |0 | | |6 |0 | colspan="2" | - |27 |0 |- |2005 |27 |2 |6 |0 |15 |1 |1 |0 |49 |3 |- |2006 |3 |0 |2 |0 |1 |0 |1 |1 |7 |1 |- |2007 |4 |0 |0 |0 |2 |0 |0 |0 |6 |0 |- |2008 |23 |0 |1 |0 |4 |0 | colspan="2" | - |28 |0 |- |2009 |13 |0 |2 |0 |3 |0 | colspan="2" | - |18 |0 |- |2010 |11 |1 |1 |0 |2 |0 | colspan="2" | - |14 |1 |- |2011–12 |3 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" | - |0 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !105 !3 !12 !0 !33 !1 !2 !1 !152 !5 |- ! colspan="3" |Career total !105 !3 !12 !0 !33 !1 !2 !1 !152 !5 |} === Mba Nile === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+Egwuregwu na ihe mgbaru ọsọ site na otu mba na afọ !Ndị otu mba !Afọ !Ngwaọrụ !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ |- | rowspan="7" |[[Nigeria national football team|Naịjirịa]] |2004 |2 |0 |- |2005 |5 |0 |- |2006 |6 |0 |- |2007 |0 |0 |- |2008 |4 |1 |- |2009 |2 |0 |- |2010 |9 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta !28 !1 |} : Akara na nsonaazụ depụtara ihe mgbaru ọsọ Naịjirịa na mbụ, kọlụm akara na-egosi akara mgbe ihe mgbaru ndụ Odiah gasịrị. {| class="wikitable sortable" |+Ihe mgbaru ọsọ mba ụwa nke Chidi Odiah gbara ! scope="col" |Mba. ! scope="col" |Ụbọchị ! scope="col" |Ebe a na-anọ ! scope="col" |Onye mmegide ! scope="col" |Ihe ruru ! scope="col" |Nsonaazụ ! scope="col" |Ịsọ mpi |- | align="center" |1 |11 Ọktoba 2008 |[[Abuja]], Naịjirịa | Sierra Leone | align="center" |4-1 | align="center" |4-1 |2010 FIFA World Cup iru eru |} == Nsọpụrụ == === Klọb === '''Julius Berger''' * Njikọ Premier nke Nigeria: 2000 '''Onye uwe ojii Tiraspol''' * Ngalaba Mba Moldova: 2000-01, 2001-02, 2002-03, 2003-04 * Iko Moldova: 2001, 2002 * Iko Super Moldova: 2003 * Iko CIS: 2003 '''CSKA Moscow''' * Iko UEFA: 2005 * Russian Premier League: 2005, 2006 * Iko Russia: 2005, 2006, 2008, 2009, 2011 * Russian Super Cup: 2004, 2006, 2007, 2009 === Mba Nile === '''Naịjirịa''' * Onye nwetara ọla nchara nke iko mba Afrịka: 2006, 2010 '''Ndị otu Naịjirịa na-erubeghị afọ iri na asaa''' * African U-17 Championship: 2001 === Onye ọ bụla === * Na ndepụta nke ndị egwuregwu bọọlụ 33 kachasị mma nke asọmpi nke Russia: ọnọdụ aka nri ọkara azụ No 1 (2005)<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://news.rin.ru/eng/news/3425/|title=33 best football players of Russian championship|work=news.rin.ru|accessdate=14 May 2018}}</ref> * Na ndepụta nke ndị egwuregwu bọọlụ 33 kachasị mma nke asọmpi nke Russia: ọnọdụ aka nri zuru oke No 2 (2004) == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * Profile at PFC CSKA Moscow official site at the Wayback Machine (archived 26 September 2011) * [https://web.archive.org/web/20131004064335/http://www.uefa.com/search/index.html#Chidi Odiah Profile na UEFA.com (2006/07)] {{Navboxes colour|title=Nigeria squads|bg=#008751|fg=White|bordercolor=|list1={{Nigeria squad 2006 Africa Cup of Nations}} {{Nigeria squad 2010 Africa Cup of Nations}} {{Nigeria squad 2010 FIFA World Cup}}}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Odiah, Chidi}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] td801it9iip4qw8est8urzo1dhodf2n 0 30922 727538 632131 2026-09-24T06:51:05Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727538 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Chigozie Agbim''' MON {{Audio|Ig-Chigozie Agbim.ogg|Listen}} bụ onye Naijiria bu ọkachamara na egwuregwu bọọlu, Ọ gbara dịka Onye na-edebe goolu. == Ọrụ klọb == Mgbe esemokwu mbufe dị ogologo gasịrị, Agbim sonyeere Enugu Rangers site na Warri Wolves na Eprel 2013 maka ego nde naira asatọ (ihe dịka € 39,300). Ọ sonyeere Gombe United F.C. na Febụwarị 2014 wee laghachi na Rangers na Eprel 2015. Agbim bịanyere aka na Delta Force na ọnwa Maachị 2019. <ref>{{Cite news|author=Ezekute|first=Nnamdi|title=Agbim, Ede, Others Unveiled By New NPFL Club Delta Force|url=https://www.completesports.com/ex-eagles-goalie-agbim-ede-others-unveiled-by-new-npfl-club-delta-force/|work=[[Complete Sports]]|accessdate=9 March 2026|date=13 March 2019}}</ref> == Ọrụ mba ụwa == Agbim mere egwuregwu mbụ ya maka [[Nigeria national football team|Naịjirịa]] na mba ọzọ, na egwuregwu enyi megide [[Angola national football team|Angola]] na Jenụwarị 2012. <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://westafricanfootball.com/2012/01/16/new-players-at-the-nigeria-national-football-team/|title=NEW PLAYERS AT THE NIGERIA NATIONAL FOOTBALL TEAM|date=16 January 2012|work=WEST AFRICAN FOOTBALL|accessdate=27 March 2018|language=en-US}}</ref> A họpụtara ya maka ndị otu Naịjirịa na 2013 Africa Cup of Nations <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/20970786|title=Nations Cup 2013: Nigeria pick six locally-based players|author=Oluwashina Okeleji|date=10 January 2013|accessdate=10 January 2013|publisher=BBC Sport}}</ref> na 2013 FIFA Confederations Cup . <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/22827902|title=Nigeria to take new-look squad to Confederations Cup|date=9 June 2013|accessdate=10 June 2013|publisher=BBC Sport}}</ref> N'ọnwa Jenụwarị afọ 2014, ọ malitere ịbụ onye na-edebe goolu maka Super Eagles na African Nations Championship, dịka otu ahụ mechara n'ọnọdụ nke atọ.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.fifa.com/worldcup/players/player=182479/profile-detail.html|title=Chigozie AGBIM|accessdate=20 October 2014|work=FIFA|archive-date=15 June 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140615075947/http://www.fifa.com/worldcup/players/player=182479/profile-detail.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> N'ọnwa Juun, a kpọrọ Agbim aha na ndị otu Naịjirịa maka 2014 FIFA World Cup. <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/teams/nigeria/10810433/Nigeria-World-Cup-2014-squad.html|title=Nigeria World Cup 2014 squad|date=2 June 2014|accessdate=20 June 2014|work=The Telegraph}}</ref> == Nsọpụrụ == '''Iwu''' * Onye otu Order of the Niger <ref>{{Cite news|author=Okeleji|first=Oluwashina|authorlink=Oluwashina Okeleji|date=13 February 2013|title=Presidential reward for Super Eagles|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/21450619|work=BBC|accessdate=19 March 2024}}</ref>[[Faịlụ:Order_of_the_Niger_civil_division_ribbon.svg|60x60px]] == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * Chigozie Agbim-FIFAndekọ asọmpi (echekwara) {{Navboxes|title=Nigeria squads|bg=#008751|fg=White|bordercolor=|list1={{Nigeria squad 2013 Africa Cup of Nations}} {{Nigeria squad 2013 FIFA Confederations Cup}} {{Nigeria squad 2014 FIFA World Cup}}}} [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] tn69nrf2bri4a4ocsnspeee137uwt1a 0 30948 727525 580672 2026-09-24T05:43:47Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727525 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Cecilia Otu Offiong-Akpan'''{{Audio|Ig-Cecilia_Otu_Offiong-Akpan.ogg|Audio}} (amụrụ na 13 June 1986 na [[Calabar]], Cross River) bụ onye Naijiria na-egwu tenis table. O ritere ihe nrite ọla edo abụọ, ya na onye mmekọ ya [[Offiong Edem]], na ụmụ nwanyị abụọ na 2007 All-Africa Games na Algiers, Algeria, na 2011 All-Africa games na Maputo, Mozambique.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Marshall|first=Ian|title=Women’s Doubles Title Retained, Cecilia Akpan and Offiong Edem Once Again|url=http://www.ittf.com/_front_page/ittf_full_story1.asp?ID=25577|publisher=[[International Table Tennis Federation|ITTF]]|date=10 September 2011|accessdate=25 February 2013}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=African table tennis qualifiers to Beijing Olympic Games unveiled|url=http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2007-07/22/content_6414039.htm|publisher=[[Xinhua News Agency]]|date=22 July 2007|accessdate=25 February 2013|archive-date=4 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304095915/http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2007-07/22/content_6414039.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ka ọ na-erule n'ọnwa Febụwarị afọ 2013, Offiong nọ n'ọnọdụ nke 452 n'ụwa site na International Table Tennis Federation (ITTF).<ref name="wr">{{Cite web|title=ITTF World Ranking – Cecilia Offiong|url=http://www.ittf.com/ittf_ranking/world_ranking_per_name.asp?Player_ID=106868|publisher=[[International Table Tennis Federation|ITTF]]|accessdate=25 February 2013}}</ref> Ọ bụ onye otu egwuregwu tennis table maka Calabar Sports Club, Obisanya Babatunde na-azụkwa ya.<ref name="tt-bio">{{Cite web|title=ITTF World Player Profile – Cecilia Offiong|url=http://www.ittf.com/biography/biography_web_details.asp?Player_ID=106868|publisher=[[International Table Tennis Federation|ITTF]]|accessdate=25 February 2013}}</ref> Offiong na-ejikwa aka nri, ma na-eji aka nkedo.<ref name="tt-bio" /> Offiong mere nke mbụ ya, dị ka onye dị afọ iri na asatọ, na 2004 Summer Olympics na [[Atens|Athens]], ebe ọ na-asọmpi na asọmpi abụọ na abụọ. Maka ihe omume mbụ ya, ụmụ nwanyị, Offiong meriri Lígia Silva nke Brazil na agba nke mbụ, tupu Kim Yun-Mi nke North Korea emeri ya n'egwuregwu ọzọ, site na akara 0-4.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Table Tennis: Women's Singles|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/olympics_2004/table_tennis/results/3531170.stm|work=[[Athens 2004]]|publisher=[[BBC Sport]]|accessdate=25 February 2013}}</ref> Offiong sonyekwara onye mmekọ ya Offiong Edem na egwuregwu ụmụ nwanyị abụọ, ebe ha meriri n'egwuregwu nke mbụ na ndị Russia abụọ Oksana Fadeyeva na Galina Melnik, na-enweta akara ikpeazụ nke 3-4.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Table Tennis: Women's Doubles|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/olympics_2004/table_tennis/results/3531194.stm|work=[[Athens 2004]]|publisher=[[BBC Sport]]|accessdate=25 February 2013}}</ref> Afọ anọ mgbe ọ gbasịrị asọmpi Olimpik mbụ ya, Offiong ruru eru maka ndị otu Naijiria nke abụọ ya, dị ka onye dị afọ iri abụọ na abụọ, na 2008 Summer Olympics na Beijing, site n'ịnọ nke atọ site na All-Africa Games na Algiers, Algeria, ma nata ebe kọntinent maka Africa na ndị otu ụmụ nwanyị n'okpuru ITTF's Computer Team Ranking List.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Teams Qualified for the Olympic Games|url=http://www.ittf.com/World_Events/Olympic_games_2008/Team_List_19_June_2008.pdf|publisher=[[International Table Tennis Federation|ITTF]]|accessdate=25 February 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120222035831/http://www.ittf.com/World_Events/Olympic_games_2008/Team_List_19_June_2008.pdf|archivedate=22 February 2012}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|author=Marshall|first=Ian|title=Gold for Congo Brazzaville and Silver for Nigeria at All Africa Games|url=http://www.ittf.com/_front_page/ittf_full_story1.asp?ID=12985|publisher=[[International Table Tennis Federation|ITTF]]|date=22 July 2007|accessdate=25 February 2013}}</ref> Offiong sonyeere ndị egwuregwu ibe ya na ndị agha Olympic Olufunke Oshonaike na [[Bose Kaffo]] maka ihe omume otu ụmụ nwanyị. Ya na ndị otu ya nọ n'ọnọdụ nke anọ na agba nke mbụ megide Singapore, United States, na Netherlands, na-enweta ngụkọta nke akara atọ na mmeri atọ na-aga n'ihu.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Women's Team Group B (NGR–SIN)|url=http://www.2008.nbcolympics.com/tabletennis/resultsandschedules/rsc=TTW400B03/index.html|publisher=[[NBC Olympics]]|accessdate=25 February 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120821150807/http://www.2008.nbcolympics.com/tabletennis/resultsandschedules/rsc=TTW400B03/index.html|archivedate=21 August 2012}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Women's Team Group B (NGR–USA)|url=http://www.2008.nbcolympics.com/tabletennis/resultsandschedules/rsc=TTW400B06/index.html|publisher=[[NBC Olympics]]|accessdate=25 February 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120821153029/http://www.2008.nbcolympics.com/tabletennis/resultsandschedules/rsc=TTW400B06/index.html|archivedate=21 August 2012}}</ref> N'egwuregwu ụmụ nwanyị, Offiong meriri onye Australia bụ Miao Miao n'egwuregwu nke mbụ, site na akara 0-4.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Women's Singles Preliminary Round|url=http://www.2008.nbcolympics.com/tabletennis/resultsandschedules/rsc=TTW001904/index.html|publisher=[[NBC Olympics]]|accessdate=25 February 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120821042554/http://www.2008.nbcolympics.com/tabletennis/resultsandschedules/rsc=TTW001904/index.html|archivedate=21 August 2012}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=Miao chalks up table tennis win|url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2008/08/18/2339208.htm?site=olympics/2008|publisher=[[Australian Broadcasting Corporation|ABC News Australia]]|date=18 August 2008|accessdate=25 February 2013|archive-date=23 September 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080923120845/http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2008/08/18/2339208.htm?site=olympics/2008|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20120823165500/http://www.2008.nbcolympics.com/athletes/athlete=65395/bio/index.html Ihe omuma nke NBC Olympics] {{DEFAULTSORT:Offiong, Cecilia}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 8hwleizfoaaitt9lrz1ucdm8jl0wftq 0 31184 727454 720389 2026-09-24T00:47:26Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727454 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}   Babajide "Jide" Ogunbiyi (amuru Ọktoba 30, 1986) bu onye ama ama ama ama ama ama ama ama ama ama ama ama ama ama ama ama ama ama dika onye mgbachita . == Ndụ mbido == <ref name="leader1">{{Cite news|url=http://archives.timesleader.com/2005/2005_04/2005_03_03_AREA_CHAMPS_OPEN_THEIR_RUNS.html|title=AREA CHAMPS OPEN THEIR RUNS|author=Konopki|first=Dave|date=March 3, 2005|work=The Times Leader|publisher=12 Impressions Media|accessdate=August 2, 2012|archive-date=October 19, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141019054642/http://archives.timesleader.com/2005/2005_04/2005_03_03_AREA_CHAMPS_OPEN_THEIR_RUNS.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref name="philly1">{{Cite news|url=http://articles.philly.com/2008-07-20/sports/25245123_1_nigeria-s-olympic-nigerian-soccer-soccer-school|title=Philly-area brothers on cusp of Olympics Wissahickon grads may make the Nigerian soccer team.|work=The Inquirer|date=July 20, 2008|accessdate=August 2, 2012|author=Jensen, Mike|publisher=Philadelphia Media Network|archive-date=September 15, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150915122202/http://articles.philly.com/2008-07-20/sports/25245123_1_nigeria-s-olympic-nigerian-soccer-soccer-school|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref name="broncos">{{Cite web|url=http://santaclarabroncos.com/sports/m-soccer/2008-09/bios/ogunbiyi_jide00.html|title=Jide Ogunbiyi|publisher=Santa Clara University|work=Santa Clara Broncos|accessdate=August 1, 2012}}</ref>A egwuregwu Ogunbiyi na Rochester, New York nye Lai, onye na-ahụ maka ọgwụ na Nigeria, na Elaine Ogunbiyi, onye na-ahụ maka biochemist si Jamaica.  Ọ bụ otu n’ime ụzọ atọ n’agbata ya;  nwanne ya nwoke nke nta bụ Ayotunde gbara nchekwa na Mahadum New Hampshire na Ocean City Barons na USL Premier Development League (PDL) ebe nwanne ya nwoke nke okenye Temitayo, bụ onye na-ese ihe.  Ogunbiyi gara ụlọ akwụkwọ Wissahickon na Ambler, Pennsylvania .  Mgbe ọ nọ n'akwụkwọ akwụkwọ ọ na-egwu basketball dị ka onye na-aga n'ihu yana dị ka onye na-ahụ.  N'ike ndị ọ degara akwụkwọ ozi afọ atọ wee bụrụ onye isi otu n'afọ agadi ya.  Ọ gara Pepsi Football Academy dị ka onye ma bụrụ onye ikpe bara uru ugboro atọ == Ọrụ == === Ụlọ akwụkwọ kọleji === <ref name="supersport1">{{Cite news|url=http://www.supersport.com/football/nigeria/news/101003/Ogunbiyi_aims_high_with_Viborg|title=Ogunbiyi aims high with Viborg|work=SuperSport|date=October 3, 2010|accessdate=August 2, 2012|author=Akpayen, George}}</ref> <ref name="wcc-archives">{{Cite web|url=http://www.wccsports.com/sports/m-soccer/archive/west-m-soccer-archive.html|title=WCC CHAMPIONS|publisher=West Coast Conference|accessdate=August 2, 2012|pages=12|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120904034650/http://www.wccsports.com/sports/m-soccer/archive/west-m-soccer-archive.html|archivedate=September 4, 2012}}</ref>Ogunbiyi gara Mahadum Santa Clara .  N'ime oge ya na Broncos, ọ gbakwara egwu dị ka onye na-aga n'ihu wee na-enweta ihe mmịrị ọsọ 11 na 77 mkpokọta ya na ndị otu ahụ.  Ọ gbara otu ndị meri Broncos' West Coast Conference nche na 2006 na 2007. <ref name="nytimes2">{{Cite news|url=http://goal.blogs.nytimes.com/2009/01/31/red-bulls-pack-up-and-head-to-florida/|title=Red Bulls Pack Up and Head to Florida|work=New York Times|date=January 31, 2009|accessdate=August 18, 2012|quote=Babajide Ogunbiyi, a 6-foot-4 defender from Santa Clara University, has decided to finish his senior semester and will not be available until May.}}</ref>Ndị New York Red Bulls haziri Ogunbiyi na 2009 MLS SuperDraft .  Mgbe e depụtara ya, ndị ọrụ New York zoro aka na nha ya - Ụkwụ isii, mgbochi anọ na paụnd 212 - dị ka ihe ike ime.  Mgbe ọ mmalite mmalite ya na ụlọ ọrụ ike ike ikwenye ike.  [1] [2] [3] Ọ ịga n'ihu n'afọ nke akwụkwọ ya . <ref name="yorkshire">{{Cite web|url=http://www.yorkshireeveningpost.co.uk/sport/leeds-united-whites-take-nigerian-defender-on-trial-1-2208178|title=Leeds United: Whites take Nigerian defender on trial|work=Yorkshire Evening Post|date=April 2, 2009|accessdate=August 18, 2012}}</ref>N'April 2009, Ogunbiyi nwere ule na-ekiri ihe ịga nke ọma na ụlọ ọrụ Bekee Leeds United, emesia na Oldham Athletic na-anwale na July 2009 . <ref name="goal-column">{{Cite web|url=http://www.goal.com/en-us/news/3825/player-journal-jide-ogunbiyi/2011/11/09/2749990/jide-ogunbiyis-journal-vol-2-if-the-new-york-red-bulls-are|title=Jide Ogunbiyi's Journal Vol. 2: If the New York Red Bulls are interested in me, I'll listen|work=Goal.com|date=November 9, 2011|accessdate=August 18, 2012|author=Ogunbiyi, Babajide}}</ref>Na 2010, Ogunbiyi bịanyere aka na Viborg FF nke Danish 1st Division .  Babajide egwuregwu Viborg great Steffen Højer mgbe ya na Odense Boldklub na-ekpe ikpe na egwuregwu megide FC Fredericia .  [1] Højer masịrị Babajide ma nye ya ikpe na Viborg, nke a mere ka onye na-ahụ bịanyere aka na mbụ mbụ ya na ụlọ ọrụ na August 2010. Na June 2011 atọ Babajide gara ikpe ụbọchị na ụlọ ọrụ German Karlsruher SC,  Otú ọ dị, mmetụta ike ikwenye na ego mbufe wee wepụ na Viborg.  [2] N'ime oge abụọ na ọkara ya na Viborg Babajide egwuregwu na egwuregwu 53 maka otu ahụ na mkpokọta, 52 league na otu iko, nyere goolu isii.  [3] O nwera oge kacha mma maka Viborg n'oge mgbasa ozi 2010–11 nke ọ jisiri ike ike ihe omume ọsọ 5 na nzaghachi 28 maka ngwaọrụ Danish wee dị ka onye ejedebe nke afọ.  Akpọrọ ya aha na otu nkewa nke mbụ nke afọ maka oge 2010–11 .  [4] Mgbe ọ nọ na Denmark, Ogunbiyi dere kọlụm oge niile maka Goal.com na-achọ anya n'ihe ọ tara ibi na Denmark dị ka onye mba ọzọ. Ogunbiyi bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta maka New York Red Bulls na-esote ikpe ya na klọb na July 2012. <ref name="Red Bulls Sign Defender Babajide Ogunbiyi">{{Cite web|title=Red Bulls Sign Defender Babajide Ogunbiyi|url=http://www.newyorkredbulls.com/news/2012/07/red-bulls-sign-defender-babajide-ogunbiyi|publisher=New York Red Bulls|accessdate=July 31, 2012}}</ref> <ref name="foxnew-signing">{{Cite news|url=http://www.foxnews.com/sports/2012/07/31/new-york-signs-defender-ogunbiyi/|title=New York signs defender Ogunbiyi|work=Fox News|date=July 31, 2012|accessdate=August 1, 2012|archive-date=August 1, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120801045031/http://www.foxnews.com/sports/2012/07/31/new-york-signs-defender-ogunbiyi/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Otú ọ dị, izu ole na ole ka e mesịrị, a tọhapụrụ ya n'ihi ihe ndị metụtara ahụ ike. <ref name="nyredbulls-released">{{Cite web|url=http://www.newyorkredbulls.com/news/2012/08/red-bulls-ogunbiyi-part-ways|title=Red Bulls, Ogunbiyi Part Ways|publisher=New York Red Bulls|date=August 17, 2012|accessdate=August 17, 2012}}</ref> Mgbe ya na Vendsyssel FF gbasịrị egwu na ngalaba Danish 1st maka ikpeazụ nke oge 2012–13, Viborg ikike Ogunbiyi tupu oge 2013–14.  [1] Eme mmetụta ya mgbe njedebe nke December 2015 nchebe.  [2] Ọ bịanyere aka na elele 18 na Danish Superliga club Hobro IK obere oge ka e ịhụ.  [3] Ọ lara ezumike nká na-esote oge 2016–17, na-ekwu maka ọdịdị ahụ na-adịte aka . <ref name="Red Bulls Sign Defender Babajide Ogunbiyi" /> <ref name="wcc">{{Cite web|url=http://www.wccsports.com/sports/m-soccer/recaps/091705aac.html|title=Ogunbiyi Rises To The Occasion|publisher=West Coast Conference|date=September 15, 2005|accessdate=August 1, 2012|quote=a member of the Nigerian Youth National Team Program since 2001|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140326061008/http://www.wccsports.com/sports/m-soccer/recaps/091705aac.html|archivedate=March 26, 2014}}</ref>Onye America echiche na nna Naijiria, ọ tozuru oke maka United States na Nigeria .  [1] N'agbanyeghị na Ogunbiyi so na ndị ọrịa otu mba, ọ pụtaghị n'ahọmpi mba ahụ n'ọkwa ọ elala. == Ntụaka == {{Reflist|30em}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Ogunbiyi, Babajide}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] gs72xgqzswrk6o208rd2gf1ysw8p8bl 0 31246 727398 719970 2026-09-23T13:12:51Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727398 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Amobi Okoye''' {{Audio|Ig-Amobi Okoy.ogg|Audio}}pronunciation ⓘ</link> (amuru June 10, 1987) bu onye Naijiria amuru n'oge gara aga ihe mgbachitere agha America .  Mgbe 2007 NFL Draft gasịrị, oge izizi nke 19th NFL Draft bụ oge izizi nke 19th NFL Draft. gị Chicago Bears, Tampa Bay Buccaneers, Dallas Cowboys, na Saskatchewan Roughriders. == Ndụ mbido == <ref>{{Cite web|date=August 27, 2003|title=Amobi Okoye may see action|url=http://louisville.scout.com/2/172370.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110716021310/http://louisville.scout.com/2/172370.html|archivedate=July 16, 2011|accessdate=December 30, 2010|publisher=Scout.com}}</ref>A jarida Okoye na steeti Anambra, Nigeria, [1] [2] onye otu ụdị Igbo .  [3] Ọ kwagara Huntsville, Alabama na United States mgbe ọ dị afọ 12. [4] Mgbe ọ mụrụ naanị izu n'ibu akwụkwọ, ọ nwalere na 9th grade.  [4] O buru ụzọ ịgba gbal dị ka sophomore na Lee High School, n'eme ihe ọ gbasara egwuregwu ahụ tupu onye akwụkwọ ụlọ akwụkwọ ya ka ọ gaa na-egwu egwuregwu Madden NFL iji.  [4] Ka ọ na-erule oge ọ bụ agadi, ọ meri otu mbụ All-State mkpa dị ka ma onye na-akpa na onye na-akpasu iwe.  N'uche na Kansas City Chiefs fullback Christian Okoye, onye na-bụ onye na-agaghị eme ya.  Amobi kwuru na ha ezi ndị ikwu, mana ezina abụọ a bi n'ala dị nso na ụzọ .Mgbe ọ dị afọ 15 Okoye Mahadum Louisville diẹ Harvard, [1] na-ekwu maka igwu egwu maka mmemme football siri ike. .Na Louisville, Okoye akwụkwọ akwụkwọ na bayoloji .  O mechara isi ya na nkà ọgwụ akparam ụmụ wee gụchaa semester n'oge, si otú ahụ mechaa akara ugo okpukpe ya n'ime afọ atọ na ọkara.  Na 16, ọ elele onye ikpe kacha nta na NCAA.  Okoye na- egwu egwu na egwuregwu iri na atọ niile dị ka ezigbo onye ọhụrụ na mgbachite anya but bụrụ onye akwụkwọ ya na 17 tackles na akpa.  Nke a bụ anya na egwuregwu Tulane mgbe egwuregwu UTEP gasịrị. Dị ka onye sophomore, Okoye were 11 tackles na 12, na-edek 26 tackles maka akpa.  egwuregwu egwuregwu Okoye tụfuru bụ egwuregwu East Carolina, n'ihi ihe ubu.  Okoye mekwararụ collegiate mbụ ya ndị agha, na-edekọ ọrụ-elu asaa tackles. Na ọkara mbụ nke 2005, e nwere 23 tackles na ọkara mbụ nke 2005.  N'ime egwuregwu egwu ukwuu nke afọ, megide West Virginia Mountaineers, Okoye dekọrọ ihe anọ.  Ọ tụfuru egwuregwu Florida Atlantic n'ihi ọkpụ ụkwụ.  Megide Kentucky, Okoye debara aha aka abụọ na mgbake dị egwu.  Okoye akụkụ atọ nke South Florida . nzukọ onye isi na 2006, Okoye mechara agha egwuregwu iri na atọ niile.  N'ime egwuregwu iri na atọ ahụ, o debanyere aha 55 tackles, akpa nọrọ, ma egwuregwu egwuregwu atọ.  Okoye nne Associated Press otu abụọ All-American sọpụrụ na otu mbụ All-Big East dị.  Dị ka onye NCAA kacha nta na 19 afọ, Okoye ikike ɔkwan agba nke mbụ n'oge oge.  A Check Okoye ka ọ bịa mee ya na Senior Bowl .{{nfl predraft|height ft=6|height in=2|weight=302|dash=4.85|ten split=1.65|twenty split=2.87|shuttle=4.44|cone drill=7.46|vertical=30|broad ft=9|broad in=3|bench=29|wonderlic=X|arm span=33½|hand span=9|note=20-ss from Louisville [[Pro Day]]. All others from [[NFL Combine]]}} . <ref>{{Cite web|title=NFL Draft History|work=[[NFL.com]]|url=http://www.nfl.com/draft/history/fulldraft?abbr=L&collegeName=Louisville&abbrFlag=0&type=school|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071022180431/http://www.nfl.com/draft/history/fulldraft?abbr=L&collegeName=Louisville&abbrFlag=0&type=school|archivedate=October 22, 2007|accessdate=October 1, 2007}}</ref>Na Houston Texans ka emechara 2007 NFL Draft.  [1] The day of the NFL Draft was the 19th of the 19. ụbọchị, na 2018, na-eme ka ha bụrụ naanị ndị enyi abụọ debere na ike ntolite NFL.  Ọ bụ onye ọka iwu okwu elu ka ọ pụta na Mahadum Louisville kooka AFL-NFL . Okoye bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta afọ ise na Texans na July 26, nke nyere ya ohere ịmalite ọzụzụ na ndị otu ya n'echi ya. Site na mmalite mbụ ya, Okoye ghọrọ onye ọkpụkpọ kacha nta pụtara na egwuregwu NFL kemgbe 1967. <ref name="espn">{{Cite news|date=September 9, 2007|title=Williams recovers fumble for TD, has two sacks in win - Game Notes|work=ESPN.com|url=http://sports.espn.go.com/nfl/recap?gameId=270909034|accessdate=September 9, 2007|archive-date=October 30, 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071030082942/http://sports.espn.go.com/nfl/recap?gameId=270909034|url-status=dead}}</ref> Akpọrọ Okoye aha Defensive Rookie nke ọnwa maka Septemba 2007 ka o ji akpa anọ duru AFC. Ọ bụ onye ọkpụkpọ kacha nta nwetara ihe nrite a. <ref>{{Cite web|date=August 30, 2012|title=Okoye named NFL Defensive Rookie of the Month|url=http://www.houstontexans.com/news/Story.asp?story_id=3718|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071012112047/http://www.houstontexans.com/news/Story.asp?story_id=3718|archivedate=October 12, 2007|accessdate=September 4, 2012|publisher=HoustonTexans.com}}</ref> Na July 30, 2011, mgbe oge anọ gasịrị na Houston, a tọhapụrụ ya. === Chicago agba === Okoye bịanyere aka na Chicago Bears na Julaị 30, 2011. [1] N'ime oge 2011 Chicago Bears, Okoye na-egwu egwuregwu 16 na otu akaụntụ, na-edekọ akpa na 27 ọnụ. === Tampa Bay Buccaneers === . <ref>{{Cite news|author=Cummings|first=Roy|date=August 31, 2012|title=Bucs release Okoye, others ahead of Friday roster deadline|work=[[The Tampa Tribune]]|url=http://www.tbo.com/sports/bucs/bucs-release-okoye-others-ahead-of-friday-roster-deadline-479754|accessdate=November 27, 2017|archive-date=December 1, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171201044507/http://www.tbo.com/sports/bucs/bucs-release-okoye-others-ahead-of-friday-roster-deadline-479754|url-status=dead}}</ref>Okoye bịanyere aka na Tampa Bay Buccaneers na 7, 2012. [1] Ndị otu ahụ ahụ ya na August 31, tupu tupu oge 2012 NFL Okoye la mfe na Bears na August 31, 2012, [1] wee binye aka na ike otu afọ na September 3. [2] Agbaghara ya na Nọvemba 27, [3] mana ewe ya na Disemba 12. [4] N'ime oge 2012 Chicago Bears, Okoye na- egwu egwu na egwu egwu, na-edekọ otu akpa, otu na-amanye fumble, na 12 ọnụ ọgụgụ. . <ref>{{Cite web|author=Archer|first=Todd|title=Amobi Okoye of Dallas Cowboys intent on unprecedented return|url=http://espn.go.com/dallas/nfl/story/_/id/11355661/amobi-okoye-dallas-cowboys-intent-unprecedented-return|accessdate=August 16, 2014|work=ESPN.com|date=August 15, 2014|publisher=ESPN Internet Ventures}}</ref>Mgbe ọ tụfuru oge 2013 NFL n'ihi ihe a na-akpọ n'oge ahụ dị ka "okwu na-amaghị", Okoye bịanyere aka na Dallas Cowboys na Mee 16, 2014. [1] N'August 14, 2014, y, ndị ọrịa ndị ọzọ gbasara mgbasa ya.  Achọpụtara Okoye na March 2013 na ọ na-arrịa ọrịa encephalitis na-anabata NMDA ma tinye ya na coma nke ọgwụ na- ijiakpata mee ka ọnya na- ugboro ugboro.  Ndị agharụ ya ka ọ tụọ ọzọ, ma ọ bụrụ onye egwuregwu egwuregwu mbụ ịlọghachi na ọrịa ahụ. === Saskatchewan Roughriders === . <ref>{{Cite web|title=CFL TRANSACTIONS|url=https://www.cfl.ca/transactions/|accessdate=November 27, 2017|work=CFL.ca}}</ref>In Julaị 2016, Okoye bịanyere aka n'iche na Saskatchewan Roughriders nke Canadian Football League (CFL), ma tinye ya na ndepụta ndị a ụfọdụ ndị arụ ọrụ).  [1] [2] Gụkwuo na Febụwarị 2017 {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" !Afọ ! Otu ! GP ! Cmb ! Solo ! Ast ! Sck ! FF ! FR ! Yds ! Int ! Yds ! Nkeji ! Lng ! TD ! PD |- ! 2007 ! HOU | 16 | 32 | 23 | 9 | 5.5 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |- ! 2008 ! HOU | 14 | 24 | 15 | 9 | 1.0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |- ! 2009 ! HOU | 16 | 38 | 26 | 12 | 1.5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 |- ! 2010 ! HOU | 16 | 44 | 27 | 17 | 3.0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |- ! 2011 ! CHI | 16 | 27 | 18 | 9 | 4.0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |- ! 2012 ! CHI | 9 | 12 | 9 | 3 | 1.0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |- ! colspan="2" | Ọrụ <ref name="ESPN">{{Cite web|title=Amobi Okoye Stats|url=http://espn.go.com/nfl/player/stats/_/id/10454/amobi-okoye|accessdate=June 13, 2015|work=ESPN|publisher=ESPN Internet Ventures}}</ref> ! 87 ! 177 ! 118 ! 59 ! 16.0 ! 3 ! 2 ! 0 ! 0 ! 0 ! 0 ! 0 ! 0 ! 6 |} == Ntụaka == {{Reflist|30em}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] gnc0hg1e8qlkqt61s5zy6qtk9axjrzp 0 31631 727433 142376 2026-09-23T16:15:55Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727433 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} {{Infobox person|name=Asuquomo|image=|caption=|birth_name=Emeka Morris Ogbowu|birth_date={{birth date and age|1993|05|15|df=y}}|birth_place=[[Port Harcourt]], Nigeria|occupation={{hlist|Rapper|Visual Artist|Film Maker}}|module={{Infobox musical artist | embed = yes | years_active = 2018&ndash;present | instrument = Vocals | genre = {{flatlist| *[[HipHop]] *[[Afrobeats]]}} | label = Secretly Publishing International | associated_acts = {{flatlist| *[[Burna Boy]] *[[Lido Pimienta]] *[[Falz]] *[[Quest]] *Kar33m *BrockHampton }} }}}} [[Category:Articles with hCards]] Emeka Morris[1] Ogbowu[2] (amuru May 15, 1993), mara amara dika Asuquomo, bu onye omenka na omenka nke Naijiria-Canadia nke dabere na Ottawa.  Na 2020, ọ meriri RBC x Ottawa Arts Council's Emerging Artist of the Year Award .[3] Dị ka onye na-eme ihe nkiri, o meghere maka ndị na-ese ihe na mba ụwa dịka Burna Boy, WizKid, na Lido Pimienta. == Ndụ mmalite na agụmakwụkwọ == A Mini Asuquomo na Nigeria, ma kwaga Canada ịga mahadum [1] na 2012. [2] Ọ bụ onye mmụta akwụkwọ na Algonquin College, nwere mmemme na emu nka na nka echiche sitere na ụlọ akwụkwọ mgbasa ozi na imewe nke Algonquin. .A na-ama Asuquomo maka ụdị na-ahụ anya na nke anụ ahụ;  A kọwawo ọrụ ya dị ka inwe ndị Pan-African dị ka mmiri Afro-Fusion .  [1] [2] [3] [4] Ọ bụ ihe mmeghe maka Wizkid na Grammy-nominated Burna Boy, yana Mdou Moctar, Shay Lia, Zaki Ibrahim, Ime ihe ike Ground, Jazz cartier, Lido Pimienta, Cadence Weapon, Kimmortal.  , BROCKHAMPTON, Keynes Woods, na Kodie Shane.  Ọ bụrụ na mmemme mmemme Marvest CityFolk, Ottawa RBC Bluesfest [5] na Ememme Arboretum. In 2018, he released the mixtape ''This That Mo''.<ref>{{Cite web|title=ALBUM REVIEW – MORRIS OGBOWU PLAYS NO GAMES ON THIS THAT MO|url=https://shiftermagazine.com/music/album-review-morris-ogbowu-this-that-mo|work=Shifter Magazine}}</ref> ''.''<ref>{{Cite web|title=Nigerian-Canadian Artist Asuquomo Brings "O.T. Riddim" On Afrofusion Mixtape|url=https://www.hotnewhiphop.com/nigerian-canadian-artist-asuquomo-brings-ot-riddim-on-afrofusion-mixtape-new-mixtape.120097.html|work=Hot New Hiphop|access-date=2023-10-03|archive-date=2021-04-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415031005/https://www.hotnewhiphop.com/nigerian-canadian-artist-asuquomo-brings-ot-riddim-on-afrofusion-mixtape-new-mixtape.120097.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>Na June 2020, Asuquomo wepụtara EP ya, Diobu, [1] nke nwetara nkwado site na Kansụl Arts Ontario.  Ọ malitere ịrụ ọrụ na EP na 2018, n'oge onye na-ese ihe na Banff Center for Arts and Creativity.[2]  Ndị nkatọ nabatara ọba ahụ nke ọma.  Pitchfork kọwara ya dị ka oru ngo nke "[nyocha] isiokwu nke ezinụlọ, ụlọ, na ahụmahụ ndị mbata na obodo ọ nabatara."[3] [4] E gosipụtara EP na Exclaim!'s "EP's Best nke 2020", CBC's  Ha niile n'otu ụbọchị, yana HotNewHipHop ." <ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-11-02|title=Five to Discover: Acts You Need To Know|url=https://americansongwriter.com/bread-and-butter-mall-daze-asuquomo-wallace-dmfk-daily-discovery/|accessdate=2022-05-29|work=American Songwriter|language=en-US}}</ref>Na September 2020, o vidiyo egwu maka "Atụla ajụjụ."  [1] Mgbe ntọhapụ ahụ hapụ, American Songwriter Magazine ahụ ihe ngosi dị ka "ịkpọpu, nkeonwe, na-egosipụta na nke unit * ''Diobu'' (2020) - EP * ''OT Riddim'' (2020) - EP * ''Nke a Mo'' (2018) - Ngwakọta * “Yahweh” <ref>{{Cite web|title=Neil Young, Tkay Maidza, 1010 Benja SL, More: This Week's Pitchfork Selects Playlist|url=https://pitchfork.com/news/neil-young-tkay-maidza-1010-benja-sl-more-this-weeks-pitchfork-selects-playlist/|work=Pitchfork}}</ref> (2020) * “Teta sara mbara” (2020) * "Northside" (2019) == Ntụaka == [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Articles with hCards]] [[Òtù:Short description is different from Wikidata]] [[Òtù:Articles with short description]] 4m39ublngmvluwhhvzydc47ziq72vba 0 32017 727552 580030 2026-09-24T07:48:24Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727552 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Sir Philip Christopher Ondaatje, OC, CBE, FRSL (/ɒnˈdɑːtʃi/; amụrụ na 22 Febụwarị 1933) bụ onye ọchụnta ego Canada-English a mụrụ na Sri Lanka, onye ọrụ ebere, onye njem, onye edemede na onye na-agba ọsọ Olympic maka Canada. Sir Philip Christopher Ondaatje OC CBE FRSL / ɒ n ˈ d ɑː tʃ i / Sri Lankan-born Canadian Ondaatje bụ nwanne nwoke nke onye edemede Michael Ondaatje ma biri na Chester, Nova Scotia, na United Kingdom. Michael Ondaatje Chester, Nova Scotia == Nchịkọta == A mụrụ ya na Ceylon (nke bụ Sri Lanka ugbu a) nye Major Mervyn Ondaatje na Doris Gratiaen, ezinụlọ Chetty-Burgher nke sitere na Dutch na India, Ondaatje gara S. Thomas' Preparatory School na Kollupitiya dị ka otu n'ime ụmụ akwụkwọ mbụ ya, ma mesịa gaa Blundell's School na United Kingdom. Ceylon Chetty Burgher S. Thomas' Preparatory School Kollupitiya Blundell's School Aha ya sitere n'aka nna nna India a na-akpọ Ondaatchi si Thanjavur, India. Thanjavur<ref>[http://www.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~lkawgw/gen7000.html Ancestry.com]</ref> Mgbe nna ya bụ onye aṅụrụma tụfuru akụ na ụba ezinụlọ ya, Ondaatje hapụrụ ụlọ akwụkwọ otu afọ site na ngụsị akwụkwọ. N'afọ 1956, ọ kwagara Canada, rutere Toronto n'enweghị ego ọ bụla. Toronto Ọ malitere iwughachi akụ na ụba ezinụlọ n'oge na-adịghị anya, na-aghọ onye na-ere ahịa bara ọgaranya, na-aga n'ihu bụrụ otu n'ime ndị atọ guzobere Loewen Ondaatje McCutcheon. Ọ ghọrọ ọtụtụ nde mmadụ na ụlọ ọrụ mbipụta akwụkwọ site na ịmepụta Pagurian Press, nke o mechara resị ezinụlọ Bronfman. Pagurian Press Ezinụlọ Bronfman Ọ nọchitere anya Canada na bobsled mmadụ anọ na 1964 Winter Olympics na Innsbruck. mmadụ anọ na-agba ọsọ na 1964 Winter Olympics Innsbruck Ọ bụ ezie na ndị otu ụmụ nwoke mbụ nke Canada nwetara ọla edo na ihe omume ahụ, ndị otu Ondaatje mechara nke iri na anọ n'ime ndị otu iri na asatọ.<ref>[https://olympics.com/en/olympic-games/innsbruck-1964/results/bobsleigh/four-man-men "Innsbruck 1964 Bobsleigh Four-Man Men Results"], Olympics.</ref> Ọ bụ onye otu Chester Yacht Club na Nova Scotia, ebe o nwere agwaetiti nwere anya Chester Harbour. Chester Yacht Club<ref name=":8">{{Cite news|author=Taber|first=Jane|date=August 14, 2013|title=Canada's largest annual keelboat regatta livens quiet N.S. town|language=en-CA|work=The Globe and Mail|url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/sports/more-sports/canadas-largest-annual-keelboat-regatta-livens-quiet-ns-town/article13778812/|accessdate=2022-07-03}}</ref><ref name=":9">{{Cite news|author=Brophy|first=Gwenda|date=4 January 2008|title='I dreamt the island was for sale'|work=[[Financial Times]]|url=https://www.ft.com/content/9e17badc-b9a7-11dc-bb66-0000779fd2ac|accessdate=2022-07-10}}</ref> == Ọrụ ebere == Ondaatje bụ onye ọrụ ebere a ma ama; n'etiti ụlọ ọrụ ndị o nyere aka bụ: The National Portrait Gallery, The Royal Geographical Society, The Royal Canadian Geographical Company, Somerset County Cricket Club, Blundell's School, The Sir Christopher Ondaatje Devon Cricket Centre na Mahadum Exeter, Lakefield College School na Art Gallery of Nova Scotia na Chester Playhouse. National Portrait Gallery The Royal Geographical Society The Royal Canadian Geographical Company Somerset County Cricket Club Blundell's School Exeter University Lakefield College School Art Gallery of Nova Scotia Chester Playhouse<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/features/3634394/Sir-Christopher-Ondaatje-I-have-always-identified-with-predators.html|work=[[The Daily Telegraph]]|first=Elizabeth|author=Grice|title=Sir Christopher Ondaatje: 'I have always identified with predators'|date=17 October 2007}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/books/news/ondaatje-comes-to-the-rescue-of-literary-review-672926.html|work=[[The Independent]]|first=Louise|author=Jury|title=Ondaatje comes to the rescue of 'Literary Review'|date=5 June 2001|archive-date=9 February 2010|access-date=4 October 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100209051218/http://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/books/news/ondaatje-comes-to-the-rescue-of-literary-review-672926.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>[http://www.artgalleryofnovascotia.ca/ Art Gallery of Nova Scotia], Canada.</ref> == Onyinye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị == N'afọ 2000, Ondaatje nyere £ 2 nde na UK Labour Party. __ibo____ibo____ibo__ Ọ bụ ezie na ọ bụ Òtù Ọrụ<ref name="McSmith">{{Cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1313228/Labour-reveals-more-2m-donors.html|work=The Daily Telegraph|first=Andy|author=McSmith|title=Labour reveals more £2m donors|date=5 January 2001}}</ref> == Onye Nlegharị anya == Mgbe ọtụtụ afọ nke ihe ịga nke ọma gasịrị, nke a na-ewere Ondaatje dị ka otu n'ime ndị ọchụnta ego kachasị eme ihe ike na ndị na-eri ibe ha na Toronto, ọ hapụrụ ụwa azụmaahịa na 1995. Ọ kwagara Britain wee malite ọrụ dị ka onye ọrụ ebere na onye njem. N'ịgagharị India na Africa, ọ ghọkwara onye edemede, na-agbaso nzọụkwụ nke nwanne ya nwoke nke obere Michael Ondaatje, onye edemede. Michael Ondaatje Akwụkwọ ya na-akọwa njem ya na njem ya. == Nsọpụrụ == Eze Nwanyị mere Ondaatje Knight Bachelor na 2003 na 2003 Birthday Honours maka ọrụ ebere ya na ọrụ ebere ya maka Museum, Galleries na Societies. Knight Bachelor Queen 2003 Birthday Honours<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/2987736.stm|work=BBC News|title=Knights bachelor – full list|date=13 June 2003}}</ref> E mere ya Commander of the Order of the British Empire na 2000 Birthday Honours, ọ bụkwa onye isi nke Order of Canada na Senior Fellow nke Massey College. Order of the British Empire 2000 Birthday Honours Order of Canada Massey College<ref name="McSmith"/> == Akwụkwọ ndị e bipụtara == * Mmeri Olympic: Akụkọ dị n'azụ mmeri dị egwu nke Canadian Bob-Sled Club na 1964 Winter Olympic Games (1967) Mmeri Olympic): Akụkọ dị na Canadian Bob-sled Club na-enwe mmeri dị ịtụnanya na 1964 Winter Olympics * Ndị Praịm Minista nke Canada, 1867-1967 (1968) Ndị PraịM Minista nke Kanada, 1867-1967. * Leopard in the Afternoon - An Africa Tenting Safari (1989) Leopard in The Afternoon - A Africa Tenting safari * Onye na-eri mmadụ nke Punanai - Njem nke nchọpụta gaa n'ọhịa nke Old Ceylon (1992) Onye na-er mmadụ nke Punenai - Njem nchọpụta gaa na Ọhịa nke ochie Ceylon * Sindh Revisited: Njem na Nzọụkwụ nke Captain Sir Richard Francis Burton (1996) Sindh Revited: Njem n'Ụzọ nke Captain Sir Sir Richard FrancisBurton * Njem gaa na Isi Iyi nke Naịl (1999) Njem gaa n'Isi Iyi nke Nail * Hemingway na Africa: The Last Safari (2004) Hemingway in Africa: The ikpeazụ Safari * Woolf na Ceylon: Njem Alaeze Ukwu na onyinyo nke Leonard Woolf, 1904-1911 (2005) Woolf naCeylon: njem Alaeze Ukwu n'onyinyo nke Leonardo Woolf,04-1911 * Ike nke Akwụkwọ: Akụkọ ihe mere eme, Njem Ego na Ịdọ Aka ná Ntị (2007) Ike nke Akwụkwọ - Akụkọ ihe Mere Eme, Njem ego na Ịdọ aka ná ntị * Glenthorne Cat na akụkọ agụ owuru ndị ọzọ dị ịtụnanya (2008) Glenthorn Cat na akụkọ ndị ọzọ dị egwu * The Last Colonial: Curious Adventures & Stories from a Vanishing World (2011) The Last Coloniaal: Cirious Adventures and Stories from a Prising World * {{Cite book|editor=Ondaatje, Christopher|title=Love Duet and Other Curious Stories about Music|location=Minehead, Somerset|publisher=Rare Books and Berry|year=2013}} == Hụkwa == * Akwụkwọ ozi Ondaatje * Michael Ondaatje * Ihe nrite Ondaatje * Pearl Ondaatje == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] {{DEFAULTSORT:Ondaatje, Christopher}} eza10bukywbakzi0xlfwgm84ojefr34 0 32162 727460 701023 2026-09-24T02:01:02Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727460 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}   [[Category:Articles with short description]] [[Category:Short description is different from Wikidata]] [[Category:Articles with hCards]] [[Category:Pages using infobox musical artist with associated acts]] . <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.mp3bullet.ng/exclusive-interview-bella-alubo-talks-career-issues-with-tinny-and-more/|title=Exclusive Interview: Bella Alubo talks career, issues with Tinny and more|date=11 March 2021|accessdate=11 March 2021}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://thenativemag.com/music/draft-bella-alubo-dapo-turburna-just-got-signed/|title=DRAFT DAY: BELLA ALUBO AND DAPO TURBURNA JUST GOT SIGNED|publisher=thenative|author=Edwin Okolo|date=26 January 2017|accessdate=24 June 2020}}</ref>Bella Alubo ( ከውጭ Mabel Alubo, 9 Ọgọst 1993) bụ onye egwu Naijiria, R&B ọzọ, onye na-agụ hip-hop na onye na-ede abụ, [1] nke bịanyere aka na mbụ n'okpuru Tinny Entertainment n' watch Ycee == Ndụ mbido == . <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2017/10/01/bella-how-i-make-nigerian-music-2/|title=Bella: How I Make Nigerian Music|publisher=Pulse Nigeria|author=Njideka Agbo|date=1 October 2017|accessdate=24 June 2020}}</ref>Alubo si Benue State, [[Naijiria|Naigeria]], ma ná mmalite ma obodo Jos, o tolitere dị ka onye na-ede uri nke nyere ya ikike ịbụ onye na-ede abụ nwere nkà. Na 2018, Alubo akpụkpọ EP collaborative, Late Night Vibrations with Ycee, [1] na EP na-esote, Re-Bella, na-egosi BOJ, Victoria Kimani, Efya, na Sho Madjozi .  Na 2019 she dropped summer over EP featuring [[Mr Eazi]], na ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ.  [2] Ya na Fasina na [[Lady Donli]] egwu ịgba egwu.  [3] N'August 2019 ọ shafukan "Agbani" remix, na-egosi Zlatan Ibile .  [4] A ahụmahụ ya maka omume na-ekwe nkwa ikiri na 2018 Nigeria Entertainment Awards wee depụta ya n'etiti ndị na-ese ihe na-ekwe nkwa 2018. [5] O nwere ihe ruru nde iri abụọ n'ofe ikpo okwu  dị iche iche.  Bella mechara hapụ Tinny Entertainment na Septemba 2018 . <ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-09-17|title=Bella Alubo releases 5th project, 'Bella Buffet'|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/music/bella-alubo-releases-5th-project-bella-buffet/b7nk7lj|accessdate=2021-09-23|work=Pulse Nigeria|language=en}}</ref>N'afọ 2021, o pụta album studio mpụta mbụ Bella Buffet wee pụtaghachi otu ọnọdụ ya nke nọmba Niniola Mee 2022, n'okpuru Benin City Entertainment Na 2022 ọ bịanyere aka na akara ngosi Benin City Entertainment nke onye Naijiria-American, Elliot Osagìe hiwere. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Nwaezuoke|first=Chisom Anastasia|date=2021-05-14|title=#WorkinWomxn: Bella Allubo on Surviving Abuse From Music Exec|url=https://documentwomen.com/the-workinwomxn-who-survived-emotional-and-financial-abuse-from-her-record-label/|accessdate=2021-05-18|work=Document Women|language=en-US|archivedate=2021-05-18|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210518115340/https://documentwomen.com/the-workinwomxn-who-survived-emotional-and-financial-abuse-from-her-record-label/}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.hotnewhiphop.com/the-notorious-bigs-estate-shares-new-single-goat-ft-ty-dolla-sign-and-bella-alubo-new-song.1994641.html|title=The Notorious B.I.G.'s Estate Shares New Single "G.O.A.T." Ft. Ty Dolla $ign & Bella Alubo’|date=20 May 2022|work=hotnewhiphop|accessdate=7 December 2021|archive-date=20 May 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220520065509/https://www.hotnewhiphop.com/the-notorious-bigs-estate-shares-new-single-goat-ft-ty-dolla-sign-and-bella-alubo-new-song.1994641.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.complex.com/music/a/brad-callas/the-notorious-big-estate-shares-new-song-goat-featuring-ty-dolla-sign|title=The Notorious B.I.G.'s Estate Shares new Song "G.O.A.T." f/ Ty Dolla Sign|work=complex|accessdate=7 December 2021|archivedate=23 May 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220523001337/https://amp.www.complex.com/music/the-notorious-big-estate-shares-new-song-goat-featuring-ty-dolla-sign}}</ref>Na 2022, Bella sere n'otu n'otu site na The Notorious BIG ihuenyo GOAT n'ụdị Ty Dolla $ign nke Kayo na Elliot Osagìe akwụkwọ.  [1] Egwu ahụ nwere ike olu Biggie sitere na ndụ mgbe ọ nwụchara mkpa "Mịpụta n'anya mgwakota agwa," ya na Jay-Z na Angela Winbush, nke o kwuru ndụ ya dị egwu. . <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.akpraise.com.ng/lady-donli-bella-alubo-tomi-owo-mz-kiss-kele-le-ep/|title=Lady Donli, Bella Alubo, Tomi Owo & Mz Kiss – KELE-LE (EP)|date=27 May 2022|work=akpraise|accessdate=7 December 2021|archivedate=27 May 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220527211948/https://www.akpraise.com.ng/lady-donli-bella-alubo-tomi-owo-mz-kiss-kele-le-ep/}}</ref>Na 29 Mee 2022, Red Hot Org, bụ nnukwu fim HIV/AIDS, debara aha Bella maka ọrụ ọhụrụ Kele-le n'ụdị Lady Donli, Tomi Owo, Mz Kiss na Oshun.  [1] EP anɔ, nke na-a mmetụta enyi na pidgin na Kamar na-egosi atụ na Swahili, ọ bụghị nanị na-egosi nkà ndị na-ese ihe ọmụmụ na-achịkọta ha ọnụ maka met yiri ya. == Ihe ngosi == === Album/EP === * "Mma jijiji abalị" (2018) * "Re-Bella" (2018) <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/music/bella-alubo-re-bella-ep-review/e7g97wl|title=With 're-Bella', Bella Alubo finds the key to re-invent her evolving pop sound|publisher=Pulse Nigeria|author=Ehis Ohunyon|date=14 January 2019|accessdate=24 June 2020|archivedate=24 February 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200224005329/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/music/bella-alubo-re-bella-ep-review/e7g97wl}}</ref> * "Oge okpomọkụ agafeela" (2019) <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://thenativemag.com/music/bello-alubo-ep-summers-over/|title=BELLA ALUBO SHARES TRACKLIST FOR HER UPCOMING EP, ‘SUMMER’S OVER’|publisher=thenative|author=Tami Makinde|date=18 October 2019|accessdate=24 June 2020}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/music/bella-alubo-summers-over-ep-review/yf3tjj7|title=Bella Alubo continues to find her feet on 'Summer's Over' [EP Review]|publisher=Pulse Nigeria|author=Motolani Alake|date=6 November 2019|accessdate=24 June 2020}}</ref> * "Bella Buffet" (2021) <ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-09-17|title=Bella Alubo releases 5th project, 'Bella Buffet'|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/music/bella-alubo-releases-5th-project-bella-buffet/b7nk7lj|accessdate=2021-09-23|work=Pulse Nigeria|language=en}}</ref> === Ndị otu ahọpụtara === Nke a bụ ndepụta egwu egwu Bella Alubo. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://genius.com/artists/Bella-alubo|title=Bella Alubo|publisher=Genius|accessdate=24 June 2020}}</ref> * "Redio" * "Agbani" <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://thenativemag.com/music/listen-bella-alubos-new-single-agbani/|title=LISTEN TO BELLA ALUBO’S NEW SINGLE, “AGBANI”|publisher=thenative|author=Dennis Ade Peter|date=15 August 2019|accessdate=24 June 2020}}</ref> * "Gimme Love" === Dị ka egosipụtara === * ''Ewu'' ( The Notorious BIG feat. Ty Dolla $ign na Bella Alubo) <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/notorious-b-i-g-new-song-goat-ty-dolla-sign-1356219/|title=A Notorious B.I.G. Classic Gets Flipped Into a New Song Featuring Ty Dolla $ign, Bella Alubo|date=21 May 2022|work=rollingstone|accessdate=7 December 2021}}</ref> == Award na nhọpụta == Alubo enwetala ụfọdụ nkwanye ugwu na nhọpụta nke gụnyere Nigeria Entertainment Awards maka 2018 Most Promising Act to Watch. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://m.guardian.ng/life/duncan-mighty-nominated-for-the-2018-nigerian-entertainment-awards/|title=Duncan Mighty Nominated For The 2018 Nigerian Entertainment Awards|publisher=guardian|author=Njideka Agbo|date=13 September 2018|accessdate=24 June 2020}}</ref> == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Alubo, Bella}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] g2r2i5pse4qm3eudwp6pmrqg16fitdl 0 32744 727597 212782 2026-09-24T11:50:29Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727597 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Disenchanted bụ ihe nkiri 2022 American live-action / animated musical fantasy comedy film duziri nke Adam Shankman dere na nke Brigitte Hales dere, dabere na isiokwu nke Richard LaGravenese chepụtara na ndị otu edemede J. David Stem na David N. Weiss .  Co-me pụtara Walt Disney Pictures, Josephson Entertainment, na Right Coast Productions, ọ bụ ihe na-esote ihe nkiri 2007 Enchanted .Amy Adams, Patrick Dempsey, James Marsden, na Idina Menzel na-abụ ọrụ ha site na ihe nkiri mbụ, na onye ọhụrụ Gabriella Baldacchino na-ewere maka Rachel Covey (onye na-eme ka cameo dị ka a dị iche).  Ha na-esire ndị bịara ọhụrụ Maya Rudolph, Yvette Nicole Brown, Jayma Mays, Kolton Stewart, Oscar Nunez, na Griffin Newman .  Alan Menken na Stephen Schwartz la ọdịdị dị ka ndị na-ede abụ ihe nkiri ahụ, ebe Menken mekwara akara ahụ, Adams jere ozi dị ka onye na-eme ihe nkiri n' watch Barry Josephson na Barry Sonnenfeld Mkparịta ụka nke usoro ihe egwu egwu na-abụ 2010, mana ọrụ ahụ dara nahel ruo ruo ọtụtụ afọ.  Ka ọ na-erule 2017, a mara ọkwa na Adams ịbanye aka n'ịkwụghachi ọrụ ya na ịme ihe nkiri ga-amalite n'oge ahụ ahụ, mana ọ pụtaghị na ya pụta.  Ekwuwapụtala ihe nkiri a n'ihu ọha na Disemba 2020, yana ndị ihe nkiri na-egosi na mmiri 2021 ma na-eme ihe nkiri na Ireland n'etiti Mee na Julaị awụ ahụ. .Disenchanted malitere na El Capitan Theater na Los Angeles na Nọvemba 16, 2022 wee wepụta ya na United States site na Disney + na Nọvemba 18. N'onye ka onye bu ụzọ, ihe nkiri ahụ ikike dị iche iche site n'aka ndị  nkatọ, bụ ndị na-etokarị ọrụ Adams mana chere na ọ dịghị mma nke mbụ Giselle, Robert na Morgan Philip na-ebikọ ọnụ n'obi ụtọ [lower-alpha 1] na nwa ha Sofia.  Otú ọ dị, ndụ na Manhattan na-amalite ọrụ ha, ya mere Giselle na-ezube ngwaọrụga ahụ na Monroeville, obodo dịpụrụ iche.  Ntugharị ahụ na- mkpuchi na-adịghị mma nke mbụ: ụlọ ọhụrụ ha na-egosi, Robert ịga n'ihu iji gaa n'ihu n'akwa ya, Morgan na-adịkwa ka onye a na-pu n'akwụkwọ akwụkwọ.  ọhụrụ ya. Ka ya na enyi ya Chipmunk kpakọrịtachara, Giselle kpebiri iji wand chọọ ka ndụ ezinụlọ ya bụrụ "akụkọ ifo zuru oke". Ka ọ na-erule n'echi ya, obodo ahụ aghọọla alaeze echiche efu a na-akpọ Monrolasia. Morgan nwere obi ụtọ na ndụ ọhụrụ ha, Robert na-ekwenye na ya bụ onye na-agba ọsọ obi ike. Malvina bụ eze nwanyị ọjọọ nke obodo nwere ikike anwansi. Giselle chọpụtakwara àgwà mpako na-enweghị atụ ma na-enwe obi ụtọ n'imeso Morgan mmeso ọjọọ. N'ịchọpụta na ọ na-eji nwayọọ nwayọọ na-aghọ nne nkuchi ọjọọ, ọ rịọrọ maka enyemaka site n'akwụkwọ mpịakọta ntụziaka anwansi. Akwụkwọ mpịakọta ahụ na-ekpughe ọchịchọ Giselle na-eji anwansi Andalasia gbanwee ụwa n'ezie ka ọ bụrụ akụkọ ifo nakwa na ọ ga-adịgide adịgide mgbe etiti abalị gasịrị. N'ebe ahụ, Morgan na-enwetaghachi ebe nchekwa ya, jiri nwayọọ nwayọọ na-ewere ya na ọ na-eme ihe nkiri, wee mụta na a na-ebuga anwansi nke alaeze ahụ na Monrolasia site na vortex, ma ozugbo okwu ahụ na-adịgide adịgide, Andalasia ga-apụ ruo mgbe ebighị ebi. Nancy na Edward tụrụ aro ka o jiri anwansi nke ihe ncheta ha chetara Giselle ezi onwe ya. Morgan na-emegharị ihe osise nke osisi ezinaụlọ ha n'oge ha bụ nwata, ya na foto ndị ha nwekọrọ, wee soro Nancy laghachi n'ụwa n'ezie. Giselle, ugbu a n'okpuru mmetụta nke àgwà ọjọọ ya, na-ama Malvina aka maka aha eze nke Monrolasia. Ọ na-eziga Pip, onye gbanweworo ka ọ bụrụ nwamba tabby, ka ọ zuru ohi ahụ ka ọ na-ezigakwa Robert na nchọta na-enweghị isi maka Morgan. Na bọọlụ, Giselle na Malvina na-etinye aka n'ọgba anwansi, ebe ndị mbụ na-emeri nke ikpeazụ. Morgan na Nancy zutere Robert na Tyson tupu ha agbaba n'ụlọ ezumezu obodo iji kwụsị duel ahụ. Morgan tụbara eserese ya na Giselle, onye dọwara ya, mana anwansi dị n'ime na-echetara ya ndụ, na-eweghachi Giselle na nkịtị. N'ịchọghị ka agbaji ọgwụ ahụ, Malvina na-ejide Morgan wee rịọ ka ọ gbanwee ya. Giselle nyefere mkpara ahụ, Malvina gbajie ya abụọ. Ka etiti abalị na-eru nso, ihe niile si Andalasia na-amalite ịla n'iyi, gụnyere Giselle n'onwe ya. Mgbe Robert na Tyson na-aga n'elu ụlọ elu elekere iji gbuo oge ikpeazụ, Giselle na-agwa Morgan na site n'ịbụ nwa ya nwanyị, ọ bụ ezigbo Andalasia, ya mere nwere ike iji wand. Morgan chọrọ ka ya na nne ya nọrọ n'ụlọ dịka Malvina na-agbalị ime ka ụlọ elu elekere tupu ebibie ya. Morgan kpọtere n'ụlọ ha wee hụ na ihe niile dị mma ọzọ. Naanị ya na Giselle maara ihe omume ahụ, ebe onye ọ bụla kwenyere na ọ bụ nrọ. Giselle arịọrọ Malvina mgbaghara maka imezu atụmatụ ya, yabụ Malvina na-enye ya ohere ịbanye na kansụl obodo. Oge ụfọdụ ka e mesịrị, Robert akwagawo omume ya na Monroeville, Morgan na Tyson amalitela ịlụ nwanyị, na Nancy na Edward bịarutere maka nleta ọzọ na Philips na ndụ obi ụtọ ha ugbu a.   [[Category:Pages using multiple image with auto scaled images]] * Amy Adams dị ka Giselle Philip, nwunye Robert, nne nnochi anya Morgan, na nne Sofia. <ref name=":0">{{IMDb title}}</ref> Onye otu ya Monrolasia mere ka ọ jiri nwayọọ nwayọọ dị ka ajọ nne nkuchi ''Cinderella'' . * Patrick Dempsey dị ka Robert Philip, onye ọka iwu bụ di Giselle na nna Morgan na Sofia. <ref name=":0" /> Onye otu ya Monrolasia na-arụ ọrụ dị ka onye mgba. * Maya Rudolph dị ka Malvina Monroe, <ref name=":0" /> <ref name="deadline426">{{Cite web|author=D'Alessandro|first=Anthony|date=April 26, 2021|title=Maya Rudolph, Yvette Nicole Brown & Jayma Mays Joining Disney+'s 'Enchanted' Sequel 'Disenchanted'|url=https://deadline.com/2021/04/disney-enchanted-sequel-disenchanted-maya-rudolph-yvette-nicole-brown-jayma-mays-1234744446/|accessdate=April 26, 2021|work=[[Deadline Hollywood]]}}</ref> onye na-ere ahịa na onye isi snooty nke kansụl obodo Monroeville. Onye ibe ya Monrolasia yiri Ajọ Queen . * Yvette Nicole Brown dị ka Rosaleen, <ref name=":0" /> <ref name="deadline426" /> nwanyị nwere ezi uche bụ otu n'ime ndị enyemaka Malvina. Onye otu ya Monrolasia na-arụ ọrụ maka Queen Malvina. * Jayma Mays dị ka Ruby, <ref name=":0" /> <ref name="deadline426" /> nwanyị nwere nkụda mmụọ bụ otu n'ime ndị enyemaka Malvina. Onye otu ya Monrolasia na-arụ ọrụ maka Queen Malvina. * Gabriella Baldacchino dị ka Morgan Philip, nwa nwanyị Robert dị afọ 16, nwanne nne Sofia tọrọ, na nwa nwanyị Giselle. Baldacchino nọchiri Rachel Covey, bụ onye na-akpọ Morgan mbụ na fim mbụ. * Idina Menzel dị ka Nancy Tremaine, nwunye Edward na Queen nke Andalasia <ref name=":0" /> <ref name="MenzelMarsden" /> * James Marsden dị ka Edward, di Nancy na Eze Andalasia <ref name=":0" /> <ref name="MenzelMarsden">{{Cite web|author=Ridgley|first=Charlie|date=March 25, 2021|title=Disenchanted: James Marsden and Idina Menzel Returning for Disney's Enchanted Sequel|url=https://www.comicbook.com/movies/news/disenchanted-disney-james-marsden-idina-menzel-return-enchanted-sequel/|accessdate=March 25, 2021|work=[[ComicBook.com]]}}</ref> . Na mgbakwunye, Oscar Nunez na-dị ka Edgar, onye barista na onye na-enye Malvina ihe enyemaka nke Monrolasia onye otu ya bụ Ime Anwansi nke Queen Malvina nwere.  Kolton Stewart na-egosi Tyson Monroe, nwa Malvina na izi ozi Morgan, na enyi ya nwoke nke Monrolasia bụ onye isi.  [1] [2] [3] Griffin Newman na-enye olu Pip, enyi Chipmunk nke Giselle na onye na-akọ ihe nkiri ahụ.  [4] N'adịghị ka ihe nkiri mbụ, Pip nwere ike ikwu okwu na ụwa n'ezie na Andalasia site na ihuenyo.  Newman nọchiri Jeff Bennett na saịtị Kevin Lima na fim mbụ.  Alan Tudyk na-enye olu akwụkwọ okwu.  [5] James Monroe Iglehart, Michael McCorry Rose, na Ann Harada na-egosi onye ọchụnta ego ike, onye ọchụnta ego na-ewe iwe, na onye ọchụnta ego sardonic, onye ọrụ ụgbọ oloko Robert ibe ya bụ ndị otu Monrolasia bụ onye.  na-eme mama, onye na-ese ihe ngosi, na onye na-ese ebubo n'otu n'otu.  [6] Rachel Covey, onye mmụta Morgan na ihe nkiri mbụ, nwere cameo dị ka nwa afọ Monrolasia.  [7] Ejima Mila na Lara Jackson na-akpọ Robert na Giselle ada Sofia dị otu afọ.  [8] Jodi Benson, bụ onye na-egwu Sam, onye ụlọ na ụlọ ọrụ iwu Robert na fim mbụ, na-esere ihe nkiri maka usoro, ahụ ma n'ikpeazụ ebipụ ya. . <ref>{{Cite news|author=Graser|first=Marc|date=February 3, 2010|title='Enchanted' to see second chapter|work=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]|url=http://www.variety.com/article/VR1118014677.html?categoryid=10&cs=1&nid=2248|accessdate=October 7, 2016|archive-date=November 4, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121104155109/http://www.variety.com/article/VR1118014677?refCatId=10|url-status=dead}}</ref>Na February 2010, iche iche kọrọ na Walt Disney Pictures zubere ịse a sequel na Enchanted (2007) na Barry Josephson na Barry Sonnenfeld na-ahụ ọzọ.  Eji ozi Jessie Nelson ka o dee ihe nkiri ahụ yana Anne Fletcher ka ọ duzie.  Disney nwere olile anya na ndị otu nkedo si na ihe nkiri mbụ ga-alọghachi na maka akarata n'oge dị ka 2011<blockquote>"Anụla m ihe ma ọ nweghị ihe ọ bụla. Amaghị m ọtụtụ ihe banyere ihe na-eme na nke ahụ. N'eziokwu, amaghị m ihe ụlọ ọrụ ahụ chọrọ ime ọzọ. Echere m na a ga-enwe ụfọdụ ọrụ n'ọdịnihu ka m rụọ ọrụ. Ọ na-amasị m ime nke ahụ, m na-eme ya n'ezie, mana enweghị m nkụda mmụọ na ọ bụghị otu n'ime ha, ugbu a enwere m ọtụtụ ihe na-eme na ogbo ihe na-eme na m na-arụsi ọrụ ike na nke ahụ, yabụ ana m eme ya n'ezie. 'Achọghị karịa na efere m."</blockquote> <references group="" responsive="1"></references> . <ref name="script">{{Cite magazine|last=Schwartz|first=Dana|date=January 15, 2018|title=The ''Enchanted'' sequel almost has a finished script|url=http://ew.com/movies/2018/01/15/enchanted-sequel-script-update/|url-status=live|magazine=[[Entertainment Weekly]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180115211715/http://ew.com/movies/2018/01/15/enchanted-sequel-script-update/|archive-date=January 15, 2018|access-date=January 15, 2018}}</ref>Ka ọ na-erule July 2014, Disney goro ndị na-ede ihe nkiri J. David Stem na David N. Weiss ka ha dee edemede maka sequel ma were Fletcher goro ka ọ duzie ihe nkiri ahụ.  [1] N'October 2016, Onye nta mere Hollywood mara ọkwa na Adam Shankman, bụ ezigbo enyi Fletcher, edi na ikpe iji duzie ahụ usoro, aha ya bụ Disenchanted ;  na Amy Adams ga-eweghachi ọrụ ya;  na a na-hazi ịse ihe nkiri ahụ n'oge ndụ 2017. [2] [3] Na Jenụwarị 2018, Shankman kwuru na a ga-agwụcha usoro nke ahụ n'ime izu ole na ole na ole ga-abụ ka  e dee egwu ahụ.  [4] Ọ gakwara n'ihu kwuo na ihe nkiri a ga-abụ abụ nke mbụ mana ọ ga-abụ otu ihe ngosi. Na ihe omume Disney Investor Day, a mara ọkwa na Amy Adams ga-alọghachi dị ka Giselle. <ref name="Disney+">{{Cite web|author=D'Alessandro|first=Anthony|date=December 10, 2020|title='Disenchanted': 'Enchanted' Sequel With Amy Adams Going To Disney+|url=https://deadline.com/2020/12/enchanted-sequel-disenchanted-going-to-disney-with-amy-adams-1234654455/|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20201211105957/https://deadline.com/2020/12/enchanted-sequel-disenchanted-going-to-disney-with-amy-adams-1234654455/|archivedate=December 11, 2020|accessdate=December 11, 2020|work=[[Deadline Hollywood]]}}</ref> Dempsey kwadoro akụkọ ahụ na mbido Jenụwarị 2021 n'oge ajụjụ ọnụ na ''Good Morning America'' . <ref name=":2">{{Cite web|author=Blackwelder|first=Carson|date=January 14, 2021|title=Patrick Dempsey returning alongside Amy Adams for 'Enchanted' sequel, 'Disenchanted'|url=https://www.goodmorningamerica.com/culture/story/patrick-dempsey-returning-alongside-amy-adams-enchanted-sequel-75231103|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210220121817/https://www.goodmorningamerica.com/culture/story/patrick-dempsey-returning-alongside-amy-adams-enchanted-sequel-75231103|archivedate=February 20, 2021|accessdate=March 9, 2021|work=[[Good Morning America]]}}</ref> (N'ajụjụ ọnụ ya na magazin ''dị iche iche'' na ngwụcha Eprel, Dempsey kpughekwara na ọ ga-abụ abụ). Na Machị 2021, onye na-ede egwú Alan Menken gosipụtara na James Marsden na Idina Menzel ga-alọghachikwa dị ka Prince Edward na Nancy Tremaine, n'otu n'otu. <ref name="MenzelMarsden"/> . <ref>{{Cite news|author=Moloney|first=Marita|date=July 22, 2021|title=Irish town bids farewell to Disney as Patrick Dempsey and other Disenchanted stars film final scenes|url=https://www.irishmirror.ie/showbiz/irish-showbiz/irish-town-bids-farewell-disney-24595822|accessdate=July 25, 2021|work=[[Irish Mirror]]}}</ref>Atụrụ anya na foto mbụ ga-amalite na Mee 3, 2021 na Los Angeles.  [1] A ga-esere ihe nkiri ahụ n'otu aka na Eniskerry, ebe a na-arụ ọrụ dịka nke Mee 1, 2021, ebe ebe ndị ọzọ a anya Wicklow na Dublin .  [2] Na Mee 6, 2021, Adams akwụkwọ na Instagram na ọ bịarutere Ireland ịse foto.  [3] Ihe nkiri ahụ na Mee 17, 2021. [4] [5] Na Julaị 8, 2021, James Marsden na Idina Menzel bịarutere Dublin ka ha gbaa ọrụ ha dị ka Prince Edward na Nancy Tremaine, n'otu n'otu.  .  [6] Emechara ihe nkiri na Ireland na Julaị 22, 2021.<div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:267px;max-width:267px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:135px;max-width:135px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:172px;overflow:hidden">[[File:Alan_Menken_2013_(cropped).jpg|alt=|173x173px]]</img></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:128px;max-width:128px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:172px;overflow:hidden">[[File:Stephen_Schwartz_20181201-6013_(cropped).jpg|alt=|173x173px]]</img></div></div></div><div class="trow" style="display:flex"><div class="thumbcaption"> [[Alan Menken]] ( ''aka ekpe'' ) na [[Stephen Schwartz (composer)|Stephen Schwartz]] ( ''n'aka nri'' ) laghachiri iji dee akara na egwu ihe nkiri ahụ.</div></div></div></div> [[Category:Pages using multiple image with auto scaled images]] </link> Na March 2018, onye nduzi Adam Shankman kpughere na Alan Menken na Stephen Schwartz ga-alọghachi na fim mbụ iji dee egwu maka usoro. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Radish|first=Christina|date=March 7, 2018|title=Adam Shankman on 'Step Up: High Water' and The Status of the 'Enchanted' Sequel|url=http://collider.com/adam-shankman-interview-step-up-enchanted-2/#youtube-red|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180430115000/http://collider.com/adam-shankman-interview-step-up-enchanted-2/#youtube-red|archivedate=April 30, 2018|accessdate=April 30, 2018|work=[[Collider (website)|Collider]]}}</ref> N'April 2020, Menken kwuru na ya na Schwartz na-ede egwu ihe nkiri ahụ. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Talk Back with Alan Menken (2020)|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dTv0Sc4TPRE|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200406203208/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dTv0Sc4TPRE&feature=youtu.be|archivedate=April 6, 2020|accessdate=April 3, 2020|work=[[YouTube]]}}</ref> Edere akara na egwu egwu nke ihe nkiri a na Newman Scoring Stage na Ọgọst 29, 2022. E wepụtara ihe ngosi akpọrọ "Nostalgia" na-egosi ụfọdụ usoro ihe nkiri ahụ. Ewepụtara ya na YouTube mana ebugoghachiri ya na Nọvemba 12, 2022. == Hapụ == Emebere ''Disenchanted'' ka ọ pụta ìhè naanị na Disney + na Nọvemba 24, 2022, nke gaara adabara na Ekele . <ref name="Disney+" /> Na Ọktoba 18, 2022, a mara ọkwa na a ga-ebuli ntọhapụ a ụbọchị isii na a ga-ewepụta ya na Nọvemba 18, n'agbanyeghị na-edobe ụbọchị mwepụta izizi na Nọvemba 24 na mpaghara ụfọdụ. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Disney Studios|date=October 18, 2022|title=Wishes do come true! In 1️⃣ month, Giselle returns to her fairy tale life. 🪄 #Disenchanted, a new Original movie, starts streaming November 18, only on @DisneyPlus.|url=https://www.instagram.com/p/Cj3UVcivU_H/?utm_source=ig_web_copy_link}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|author=Dela Paz|first=Maggie|date=October 19, 2022|title=Disenchanted Poster Unveils New Disney+ Release Date|url=https://www.comingsoon.net/movies/news/1244514-disenchanted-poster-unveils-new-release-date|accessdate=October 19, 2022|work=[[ComingSoon.net]]}}</ref> Ihe nkiri ahụ nwere mmalite ya na El Capitan Theatre na Los Angeles na Nọvemba 16, 2022. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Chuba|first=Kristen|date=November 17, 2022|title='Disenchanted' Stars on Sequel's 15-Year Wait and Its Amy Adams and Maya Rudolph Face-Off|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-news/disenchanted-amy-adams-maya-rudolph-sequel-15-year-wait-battle-1235264197/|accessdate=December 17, 2022|work=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]}}</ref> == nnabata == Dabere na onye nchịkọta nkwanye JustWatch, ''Disenchanted'' bụ ihe nkiri nke anọ kachasị agbasa n'ofe nyiwe niile na United States n'ime izu nke Nọvemba 14, 2022 ruo Nọvemba 20, 2022, <ref>{{Cite web|author=Gruenwedel|first=Erik|date=2022-11-22|title=JustWatch: 'Smile,' 'Yellowstone' Dominated Weekly Streaming Through Nov. 20|url=https://www.mediaplaynews.com/justwatch-smile-yellowstone-dominated-weekly-streaming-through-nov-20/|accessdate=2022-11-23|work=[[Media Play News]]|language=en-US}}</ref> nke abụọ n'ime izu nke Nọvemba 21, 2022 ruo Nọvemba 27, 2022, <ref>{{Cite web|author=Gruenwedel|first=Erik|date=2022-11-29|title=JustWatch: 'Wednesday', 'Black Adam' Top Weekly Streaming Through Nov. 27|url=https://www.mediaplaynews.com/justwatch-wednesday-black-adam-top-weekly-streaming-through-nov-27/|accessdate=2022-11-29|work=[[Media Play News]]|language=en-US}}</ref> na nke atọ n'ime ọnwa nke Nọvemba 2022. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Gruenwedel|first=Erik|date=2022-12-01|title=JustWatch: 'Don't Worry Darling', 'Yellowstone' Top November StreamingViewing|url=https://www.mediaplaynews.com/justwatch-dont-worry-darling-yellowstone-top-november-streaming-viewing/|accessdate=2022-12-03|work=[[Media Play News]]|language=en-US}}</ref> Dabere na Whip Media, ''Disenchanted'' bụ ihe nkiri nke atọ kachasị agbasa n'ofe nyiwe niile na United States n'ime izu nke Nọvemba 18, 2022, ruo Nọvemba 20, 2022, <ref>{{Cite web|author=Prange|first=Stephanie|date=2022-11-22|title='Falling for Christmas,' 'Andor' Top Weekly Whip U.S. Streaming Charts|url=https://www.mediaplaynews.com/falling-for-christmas-andor-top-weekly-whip-u-s-streaming-charts/|accessdate=2022-11-23|work=[[Media Play News]]|language=en-US}}</ref> na nke abụọ n'ime izu nke Nọvemba 25, 2022 ruo Nọvemba Ọktoba 27, 2022. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Prange|first=Stephanie|date=2022-11-30|title='Guardians' Holiday Special, 'Andor' Top Weekly Whip U.S. Streaming Charts|url=https://www.mediaplaynews.com/guardians-holiday-special-andor-top-weekly-whip-u-s-streaming-charts/|accessdate=2022-12-03|work=[[Media Play News]]|language=en-US}}</ref> On the review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, 36% of 99 critics' reviews are positive, with an average rating of 5.4/10. The website's consensus reads: "Although Amy Adams remains just as engaging as ever, Disenchanted lacks the magic that made its predecessor a modern fairytale classic."<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/disenchanted_2022|title=Disenchanted (2022)|work=[[Rotten Tomatoes]]|accessdate=November 19, 2022}}</ref> On [[Metacritic]], the film has a weighted average score of 50 out of 100, based on 29 critics, indicating "mixed or average reviews".<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.metacritic.com/movie/disenchanted|title=Disenchanted Reviews|work=[[Metacritic]]|accessdate=November 18, 2022}}</ref> Ihe nkiri a bụ otu n'ime mgbasa ozi natara ReFrame Stamp maka afọ 2022 ruo 2023. A na-enye stampụ ahụ site na mmekorita nwoke na nwanyị nhatanha ReFrame na nchekwa data ụlọ ọrụ [[IMDb|IMDbPro]] maka ihe nkiri na ọrụ onyonyo nke egosipụtara na ha nwere ụgwọ ọrụ nhata nke nwoke na nwanyị, yana stampụ a na-enye ọrụ ndị na-ewe ụmụ nwanyị, ọkachasị ụmụ nwanyị agba, n'ime anọ n'ime isi asatọ. ọrụ maka mmepụta ha. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Hipes|first=Patrick|date=2023-03-02|title='The Woman King', 'Everything Everywhere All At Once', 'Black Panther: Wakanda Forever', 'Women Talking' Among ReFrame Stamp Recipients|url=https://deadline.com/2023/03/2022-reframe-stamp-list-gender-balanced-movie-crews-1235275815/|accessdate=2023-03-10|work=Deadline|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|date=2023-03-01|title=ReFrame and IMDbPro Announce 2022 ReFrame Stamp Film Recipients - sundance.org|url=https://www.sundance.org/blogs/strongreframe-and-imdbpro-announce-2022-reframe-stamp-film-recipientsstrong/|accessdate=2023-03-10|language=en-US}}</ref> == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] kk4f1gt1n5v0ndx4agknj28afqqy7od 0 32764 727404 638299 2026-09-23T13:49:42Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727404 wikitext text/x-wiki <references responsive="0"></references>{{Databox}}   '''Andrea Valentina Rubio Armas''' (amụrụ na Nọvemba 27, 1998) bụ Onye [[Venezuela]] na-ese onyinyo na eze nwanyị mara mma nke e kpuwere okpueze Miss International 2023, e kpuwere ya okpuezi Miss Venezuela International 2022. <ref>{{Cite web|author=García|first=Jessica|date=2023-10-26|title=Andrea Rubio: ¿cuántos años tiene y cuál es la estatura de la ganadora del Miss International 2023|url=https://larepublica.pe/espectaculos/2023/10/26/andrea-rubio-cuantos-anos-tiene-y-cual-es-su-estatura-de-la-ganadora-del-miss-international-2023-lrtmv-1524952|accessdate=2023-10-27|work=Larepublica.pe|language=spanish}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=VG|date=2022-11-17|title=¿Quién es Andrea Rubio, la Miss International Venezuela 2022?|url=https://www.lapatilla.com/2022/11/17/quien-es-andrea-rubio-la-miss-international-venezuela-2022/|accessdate=2023-07-20|work=LaPatilla.com|language=es-ES|archive-date=2023-07-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230720212416/https://www.lapatilla.com/2022/11/17/quien-es-andrea-rubio-la-miss-international-venezuela-2022/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=Espejo|first=Stephanie Angulo|date=2022-11-17|title=Andrea Rubio se llevó el Miss Venezuela internacional después de ganar "La agencia" de caracol|url=https://www.colombia.com/entretenimiento/entretenimiento-y-farandula/andrea-rubio-la-ganadora-de-la-agencia-segunda-en-miss-venezuela-2022-374137|accessdate=2023-07-20|work=Colombia.com|language=spanish}}</ref>Ọ nọchitere anya steeti Portuguese na asọmpi Miss Venezuela 2022. Ọ bụ Miss International nke itoolu si Venezuela. <references responsive="0"></references> Na ngwụcha afọ 2022, Rubio laghachiri Venezuela iji sonye na Miss Venezuela 2022, dị ka otu n'ime ndị asọmpi 24.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Andrea Rubio|url=https://www.infobae.com/tag/andrea-rubio/|accessdate=2023-07-20|work=infobae|language=es-ES}}</ref> Rubio sonyere dị ka Miss Portuguesa, wee merie Miss Venezuela 2022, nke emere na Nọvemba 16, 2022, na Poliedro de Caracas. Rubio nọchiri Miss Venezuela 2020, Isbel Parra nke Región Guayana.<ref>{{Cite web|author=por|date=2022-11-17|title=Se lució- Andrea Rubio es la nueva Miss Venezuela International 2022|url=https://topvzla.com/2022/11/17/vamos-fuerte-andrea-rubio-se-convierte-en-miss-venezuela-international-2022/|accessdate=2023-07-20|work=TOP VZLA|language=es}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=Radio|first=Redacción BLU|date=2022-11-17|title=Andrea Rubio, ganadora del concurso La Agencia de Caracol TV, se llevó Miss Venezuela Internacional|url=https://www.bluradio.com/sociedad/estilo-de-vida/andrea-rubio-ganadora-del-concurso-la-agencia-de-caracol-tv-se-llevo-miss-venezuela-internacional-rs15|accessdate=2023-07-20|work=Blu Radio|language=es}}</ref> N'oge ọchịchị ya, ọ bụ onye ọbịa maka magazin ụtụtụ Venevision Portadas al Día, na onye na-akwado na Latin American Music Awards nke 2023 maka Venezuela dị ka akụkụ nke nkwadebe ya maka asọmpi Miss International. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Andrea Rubio, Miss International Venezuela 2022 se une al staff de Portada´s|url=https://www.venevision.com/notas/andrea-rubio-miss-international-venezuela-2022-se-une-al-staff-de-portadas|accessdate=2023-07-20|work=CORPORACIÓN VENEZOLANA DE TELEVISIÓN, C.A. (VENEVISION)|language=en}}</ref>Ọzọkwa, ya na ndị otu nnọchi anya mba Japan na Caracas nwere ọtụtụ nzukọ ọdịnala na ihe omume.<ref>{{Cite web|title="Trabajando muy fuerte por esa corona": Andrea Rubio se prepara con todos los hierros para Miss Internacional|url=https://meridiano.net/farandula/farandula/266877/-trabajando-muy-fuerte-por-esa-corona---andrea-rubio-se-prepara-con-todos-los-hierros-para-miss-internacional.html|accessdate=2023-07-20|work=MERIDIANO.net|language=es}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=Longo|first=Carmela|date=2023-05-08|title=Andrea Rubio: "Soy explosiva"|url=https://ultimasnoticias.com.ve/noticias/chevere/andrea-rubio-soy-explosiva/|accessdate=2023-07-20|work=Últimas Noticias|language=es}}</ref> Rubio arụwokwa ọrụ na Share for a Life [[Colombia]] Foundation (Fundación Comparte por una Vida Colombia) na 'Dignity Campaign for Migrant Girls' (Diginidad para las niñas migrantes) n'okpuru 'I Take Care of Myself, I Protect Myself Program' (Programa Me Cuido, Me Protejo) na 'I Dream, I Can Program' (Pograma Yo Sueño, Yo Puedo), na-nchịkọta ego nke ihe onwunwe na inye aka na agụmakwụkwọ ịhụ nsọ, ikike nchebe na mmetụta dị ala nke ụmụ agbọghọ ndị Roselan na-na-Vincera dị na-ndị ndụ nke ndị ntorobịa La Fron<ref>{{Cite web|title=ANDREA RUBIO, MISS INTERNATIONAL VENEZUELA 2022, SE UNE COMO VOCERA DE LA CAMPAÑA DIGNIDAD PARA LAS NIÑAS MIGRANTES DE COMPARTE POR UNA VIDA COLOMBIA|url=http://www.missvenezuela.com/noticia/andrea-rubio-miss-international-venezuela-2022-se-une-como-vocera-de-la-campana-dignidad-para-las-ninas-migrantes-de-comparte-por-una-vida-colombia|accessdate=2023-07-20|work=Miss Venezuela|archivedate=2023-06-03|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230603003820/https://www.missvenezuela.com/noticia/andrea-rubio-miss-international-venezuela-2022-se-une-como-vocera-de-la-campana-dignidad-para-las-ninas-migrantes-de-comparte-por-una-vida-colombia}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Andrea Rubio apoya el programa "Me cuido, me protejo" con el proyecto "Yo sueño, yo puedo"|url=http://www.missvenezuela.com/noticia/andrea-rubio-apoya-el-programa-me-cuido-me-protejo-con-el-proyecto-yo-sueno-yo-puedo|accessdate=2023-07-20|work=Miss Venezuela|archivedate=2023-07-20|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230720224033/https://www.missvenezuela.com/noticia/andrea-rubio-apoya-el-programa-me-cuido-me-protejo-con-el-proyecto-yo-sueno-yo-puedo}}</ref> === Miss International 2023 === == Ihe odide == {{Reflist|2}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:All articles with unsourced statements]] mqzmg15hspwylooffcttosf6wkxw7i0 0 33296 727425 186759 2026-09-23T15:48:24Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727425 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} <ref>{{Cite web|title=Prof Idachaba is NBC Acting DG - Sahel Standard|url=https://sahelstandard.com/2020/02/16/prof-idachaba-is-nbc-acting-dg/|accessdate=2020-07-05|work=sahelstandard.com|archivedate=2020-07-05|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200705222233/https://sahelstandard.com/2020/02/16/prof-idachaba-is-nbc-acting-dg/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=Olafusi|first=Clement|date=2020-02-21|title=Professor Idachaba appointed as NBC’s acting DG|url=https://www.nig24news.com/professor-idachaba-appointed-as-nbcs-acting-dg/|accessdate=2020-07-05|work=Nig24News|language=en-US|archivedate=2020-07-06|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200706201532/https://www.nig24news.com/professor-idachaba-appointed-as-nbcs-acting-dg/}}</ref>'''Armstrong Aduku Idachaba''' {{Audio|Yo-Armstrong Aduku Idachaba.ogg|Audio}} // i (amụrụ na 16 Julaị 1962)// ⓘ onye Naijiria prọfesọ nke Mass Communication onye jere ozi dị ka Director General nke National Broadcasting Commission of Nigeria na ikike ime ihe nkiri. <ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-02-15|title=NBC DG, Modibbo Kawu suspended from office|url=https://www.radionigeria.gov.ng/2020/02/15/president-buhari-suspends-nbc-dg-modibbo-kawu/|accessdate=2020-07-05|work=FRCN|language=en-GB|archivedate=2020-02-16|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200216232350/https://www.radionigeria.gov.ng/2020/02/15/president-buhari-suspends-nbc-dg-modibbo-kawu/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=inc|first=Techylawyer|date=2020-02-17|title=Acting NBC Director-General assumes office|url=https://techylawyer.com/blog/acting-nbc-director-general-assumes-office/|accessdate=2020-07-05|work=Techylawyer Blog|language=en-GB|archive-date=2020-07-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200705222233/https://techylawyer.com/blog/acting-nbc-director-general-assumes-office/|url-status=dead}}</ref> bụ onye nduzi, iwu mgbasa ozi na nyocha na kọmitii [1] mgbe a họpụtara ya na Febụwarị 2020 iji dochie Modibbo Kawu onye gọọmentị etiti nke Naịjirịa debere n'okpuru nyocha. [2] {{Databox}} == Agụmakwụkwọ na ọrụ == A mụrụ Idachaba na Sokoto Steeti. O nwetara nzere bachelọ na Theater Arts na Mahadum Jos na 1985 ma na 1993, ọ nwetara nzere masta na Theater Arts n'otu mahadum ahụ. N'afọ 2008, Idachaba nwetara Ph.D. na Media Studies na Mahadum Abuja. N'afọ 2003, ọ gara ọmụmụ nchịkwa na Mahadum Georgetown na Kennedy School, Mahadum Harvard n'afọ 2016. <ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-02-17|title=Acting NBC Director-General assumes office|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/top-news/377785-acting-nbc-director-general-assumes-office.html|accessdate=2020-07-05|language=en-GB}}</ref> N'agbata afọ 1986 na afọ 1996, Idachaba kụziri Bekee na ihe nkiri na Kogi State College of Education, Ankpa. N'ime oge a, o dere ihe maka Nigerian Voice Newspaper, ọ bụkwa onye na-ese ihe na onye na-egosi na Nigeria Television Authority (NTA) Makurdi. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye nduzi, Movie Theater Promotion site na 1986 ruo 1990. Idachaba mechara nyefee ọrụ ya na mahadum na-akụzi Mass Communication na Mahadum Nasarawa State, Keffi, Mahadum Bingham na Nigerian Institute of Journalism, Abuja . <ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-02-21|title=Idachaba takes over in NBC after Kawu’s exit|url=https://www.pmnewsnigeria.com/2020/02/21/idachaba-takes-over-in-nbc-after-kawus-exit/|accessdate=2020-07-05|work=P.M. News|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=NBC driving reforms in broadcasting industry for national interest—Idachaba|url=https://businesshilights.com.ng/nbc-driving-reforms-in-broadcasting-industry-for-national-interest-idachaba/|accessdate=2020-07-05|work=Business Hilights|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-06-16|title=NBC defends new broadcast code|url=https://t.guardian.ng/news/nbc-defends-new-broadcast-code/|accessdate=2020-07-05|work=The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News|language=en-US|archivedate=2020-07-05|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200705221538/https://t.guardian.ng/news/nbc-defends-new-broadcast-code/}}</ref>'abalị iri na anọ n'ọnwa Febụwarị afọ 2020, a họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ onye isi nchịkwa nke Naịjirịa Broadcasting Commission (NBC) na-anọchi Modibbo Kawu onye a kwụsịtụrụ maka ebubo ego na-ekwesịghị ekwesị. == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] jzbtw2qbl3di7c4q43da64z5iblrr1t 0 33416 727453 720388 2026-09-24T00:45:39Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727453 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Babafemi Badejo''' bụ onye agụmakwụkwọ Naijiria, onye edemede <ref>{{Cite web|author=Listnerd|date=20 February 2014|title=Most famous Writers from Nigeria|url=https://rankly.com/list/most-famous-writers-from-nigeria|accessdate=12 September 2021|work=Rankly|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210913154448/https://rankly.com/list/most-famous-writers-from-nigeria|archivedate=13 September 2021}}</ref> na onye nnọchi anya mba ọzọ. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Nyaknno|first=Osso|date=28 November 2016|title=BADEJO, Dr. Babafemi|url=https://blerf.org/index.php/biography/badejo-dr-babafemi/|accessdate=12 September 2021|work=Biographical Legacy and Research Foundation Nigeria Blerf's WHO'S WHO IN NIGERIA (Online)|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171214065820/http://blerf.org:80/index.php/biography/badejo-dr-babafemi|archivedate=14 December 2017}}</ref> == Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ == A mụrụ Badejo na 4 Machị 1955, na Ijebu Ode <ref>{{Cite web|author=Ephraim|first=Solutions|date=4 March 2018|title=Celebrate Dr. Babafemi Badejo on His Birthday|url=https://ephraimsolution.blogspot.com/2018/03/celebrate-drbabafemi-badejo-on-his.html?m=1|accessdate=12 September 2021|work=Ephraim Solutions Entertainment Blog}}</ref> Ọ gara ụlọ akwụkwọ praịmarị Saint Saviours, Italowajoda, Ijebu ode na Baptist Primary School, Ereko, Ijebo Ode. Ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Ijebu Ode Grammar School, Ijebu ode tupu ọ gaa [[University of Lagos|Mahadum Lagos]] na 1973 maka nzere mbụ ya na sayensị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị. <ref>{{Cite book|author=Crouch|first=Winston|title=A History of the Department of Political Science University of California, Los Angeles 1920-1987.|publisher=Department of Political Science, Los Angeles|date=June 1987|location=Available online}}</ref> gụsịrị Ph.D. ya na sayensị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na Mahadum California, Los Angeles, (UCLA), US na 1982 [1] ma mesịa LL.B., Bachelor of Law, Mahadum Lagos, Nigeria. Jenụwarị 1990. <ref>{{Cite news|author=Unini|first=Chioma|date=July 3, 2020|title=Chief Babafemi A. Badejo (Ph.D) Member NBA Lagos Applauds and Endorses Joyce Oduah, FICMC for Speaking out against Corruption in Nigeria|work=The Nigerian Lawyers|url=https://thenigerialawyer.com/chief-babafemi-a-badejo-ph-d-member-nba-lagos-applauds-and-endorses-joyce-oduah-ficmc-for-speaking-out-against-corruption-in-nigeria/|accessdate=19 September 2021}}</ref> kpọrọ ya ka ọ bụrụ onye ọka iwu Naijiria dị ka onye ọka iwu na onye nkwado nke Ụlọikpe Kasị Elu nke Naijiria na 12 Disemba 1990. [1] == Ọrụ == Badejo lụrụ Adejumoke Odusanya na 9 Septemba 1977, ha nwekwara ụmụ nwanyị atọ, nwa nwoke na ụmụ ụmụ. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Yintab Private Academy, Ikorodu|url=https://www.educliq.org/SCHOOL.php?az=1234567890&h=1586905778|accessdate=19 September 2021|work=Educliq|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20201030070016/https://educliq.org/SCHOOL.php?az=1234567890&h=1586905778|archivedate=30 October 2020}}</ref> jikọrọ aka guzobe Yintab Private Academy, na-enye agụmakwụkwọ site na Crèche ruo Senior Secondary School. Mmasị Prọfesọ Badejo <ref>{{Cite news|author=George|first=Akpayen|date=9 August 2002|title=Nigeria: Femi Badejo Chess Cup|work=AllAfrica|url=https://allafrica.com/stories/200208090569.html|accessdate=19 September 2021}}</ref> n'egwuregwu Chess, dugara na nkwado nke Femi Badejo National Chess Tournament na 2002, site na Femi Badesjo Foundation na njikọ aka na Nigeria Chess Federation (NCF) [1] <ref>{{Cite news|author=Tolulope|first=Ogunwobi|date=July 14, 2008|title=Chess and the Nigerian Child: Challenges and Prospects|work=Chess Heights Media|url=http://chessheights.media/?p=301|accessdate=19 September 2021|archive-date=19 September 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210919042012/http://chessheights.media/?p=301|url-status=dead}}</ref>'ụbọchị nke abụọ n'ọnwa Ọktoba n'afọ 1991, Minista na-ahụ maka ihe gbasara mba ofesi nke Federal Republic of Nigeria kwadoro ka ọ sonye na nnọkọ nke iri anọ na isii nke Nzukọ Ezumezu nke UN dị ka onye enyemaka pụrụ iche nye onye bụbu onye isi ala [[Olusegun Obasanjo]] na mgbalị ya maka ọkwa odeakwụkwọ ukwu nke UN. <ref>{{Cite book|author=Olusegun|first=Obasanjo|title=My Watch; Early Life and the Military|publisher=Kachifo Limited Prestige imprint|year=2014|isbn=978-978-53163-0-8|location=OOPL|pages=369–378}}</ref> Ọ hapụrụ ọrụ agụmakwụkwọ ya na Mahadum Lagos na 1996 maka ọrụ na ọrụ udo na United Nations, ebe ọ lara ezumike nká na 31 Machị 2017. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ n'ọtụtụ ebe esemokwu, gụnyere Somalia, Liberia, <ref>{{Cite book|author=United Nations|first=Department of Peacekeeping Operations|title=Second Generation Disarmament, Demobilization and Reintegration (DDR) Practices in Peace Operations. A Contribution to the New Horizon Discussion on Challenges and Opportunities for UN Peacekeeping|publisher=United Nations|year=2010|pages=67}}</ref> Guinea-Bissau na Darfur Sudan. <ref>{{Cite news|author=Voice of America Archive|date=31 October 2009|title=Somali Officials Discuss Relocation of Government|work=VOA Archive|url=https://www.voanews.com/archive/somali-officials-discuss-relocation-government?amp|accessdate=12 September 2021|archive-date=13 September 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210913154449/https://www.voanews.com/archive/somali-officials-discuss-relocation-government?amp|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|author=United Nations News|date=7 November 2005|title=UN Condemns assassination attempt on Somali Prime Minister|work=UN News|url=https://news.un.org/en/story/2005/11/159002-un-condemns-assasination-attempt-somali-prime-minster|accessdate=12 September 2021}}</ref>'ime akụkụ nke afọ iri na otu ọ nọrọ na Nairobi, Kenya na Ọfịs ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị UN maka Somalia [1] nke Mission na-elekọta esemokwu ahụ na Somalia, a họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ osote onye nnọchi anya pụrụ iche nke odeakwụkwọ ukwu UN, (DSRSG) maka Somalia <ref>{{Cite news|author=The Humanitarian|date=1 August 2005|title=UN envoy to facilitate dialogue within divided gov't|work=The Humanitarian|url=https://www.thenewhumanitarian.org/report/55651/somalia-un-envoy-facilitate-dialogue-within-divided-govt|accessdate=13 September 2021}}</ref> Mgbe ọ lara ezumike nká na UN, o guzobere ma duzie Yintab Strategy Consults (YSC) n'ọnwa Eprel 2017. N'ọrụ a, ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị mkpa maka African Union (AU). African Union) na alaka Addis Ababa nke United Nations Development Program (UNECA). Babafemi A. Badejo ghọrọ prọfesọ na Mahadum Chrisland, Abeokuta, Nigeria, malite na 11 Machị 2021. Badejo dere ọtụtụ akwụkwọ na mgbakwunye na akwụkwọ abụọ gbasara Kenya (Raila Odinga: An Enigma in Kenyan Politics, 2006) na Nigeria (Rethinking Security Initiatives in Nigeria, 2020). <ref>Reviewed Work: Raila Odinga: An Enigma in Kenyan Politics by Babafemi Badejo. Review by: Susanne D. Mueller Cited as Mueller, Susanne D. The International Journal of African Historical Studies, vol.42, no. 1, 2009, pp.134-136. JSTOR, [https://www.jstor.org/stable/40282443 www.jstor.org/stable/40282443] Accessed 12 September 2021.</ref> == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}}{{authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Badejo, Babafemi}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] dt8dyyc8rm8co7an8wui816zvhol5mz 0 33712 727450 140439 2026-09-24T00:30:28Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727450 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=Ayo Akinwolere|image=|image_size=|alt=|caption=|birth_date={{birth date and age|1982|11|30|df=yes}}|birth_place=[[Ibadan]], Nigeria|alias=Andy Akinwolere|occupation=Broadcaster|known_for=Being the [[List of Blue Peter presenters|32nd presenter]] of ''[[Blue Peter]]'' (2006–2011)|television={{Ubl | ''[[Fort Boyard: Ultimate Challenge]]'' (2012–14) | [[Inside Out (2002 TV programme)|''Inside Out'']] (2014–) }}|spouse=|website=}} [[Category:Articles with hCards]] <references group="" responsive="1"></references>{{Databox}} '''Odunayo Andrew Akinwolere''' (amụrụ na 30 Nọvemba 1982), nke a maara dị ka '''Andy Akinwolere''', <ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-37289733 "Ex-Blue Peter presenter: 'Why I changed my name'", BBC News, 6 September 2016]</ref> bụ onye na-eme ihe ngosi telivishọn na Britain. == Oge ọ malitere == A mụrụ Akinwolere na [[Ibadan]], <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://twitter.com/ayoakinwo/status/1178804505644806145|accessdate=2022-12-28|work=Twitter|language=en}}</ref> Naijiria na 1982, ya na ezinụlọ ya kwagara [[Obodoézè Nà Ofú|United Kingdom]] mgbe ọ dị afọ asatọ, ebe ọ nakweere aha "Andy". Ha biri na Birmingham, ebe ọ gara ụlọ akwụkwọ. Nne na nna ya bụ ndị dọkịta ma na-arụ ọrụ na Kidderminster na Worcestershire. == Mmụta == Akinwolere gara St Mary's Roman Catholic Primary School na Harborne, St. Thomas Aquinas Catholic School na Kings Norton, mpaghara nke Birmingham, na Mahadum Sheffield Hallam, ebe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na 2004, na nzere BA na Media Studies. == Ọrụ == Ọrụ mbụ Akinwolere bụ dị ka onye na-agba ọsọ maka BBC. Otu n'ime ndị nduzi Blue Peter ọ zutere mgbe ya na ndị ọrụ ibe ya na-eri nri; o bu n'obi ịbanye n'ime ihe nkiri na redio. Ọ malitere iso na-egosi Blue Peter na 28 June 2006. Mgbe ọ nọ na ihe ngosi ahụ, a họpụtara ya maka onyinye ụmụaka nke British Academy abụọ: onye na-egosi afọ nke Children's BAFTA, na Blue Peter n'afọ sochirinụ maka Best Factual Programme. N'afọ 2008 dị ka onye isi na-eme ihe ngosi Akinwolere kwadoro Queen Elizabeth II iji mee emume afọ 50 nke Blue Peter. N'ọnwa Juun afọ 2011, o setịpụrụ ihe ndekọ ụwa ọhụrụ maka ebe kachasị omimi maka igwu mmiri, mgbe ọ na-egwu ihe karịrị kilomita ise gafee Palau Trench na Oké Osimiri Pacific - onye mbụ mere ya.   Nke a bụ nnukwu ihe ịma aka ikpeazụ o mere na Blue Peter tupu ọ hapụ ihe ngosi ahụ na ngwụcha oge ahụ. O sonyere na mmemme TV Ready Steady Cook, na-asọ mpi megide onye na-egosi ya bụ Konnie Huq na Disemba 2007. N'otu afọ ahụ, ọ pụtara na Weakest Link ebe ọ bụ onye nke ise a ga-ewepụ. N'abalị iri abụọ na ise n'ọnwa Eprel afọ 2011, Akinwolere bụ onye na-asọ mpi na Total Wipeout's Celebrity Special nke abụọ nke usoro 4 mana ọ hapụrụ n'ihi mmerụ ahụ. N'afọ 2012, ya na Laura Hamilton gosipụtara oge nke atọ nke Fort Boyard: Ultimate Challenge. O gosipụtara ihe ngosi ahụ maka usoro abụọ. A họpụtara ha abụọ maka British Academy Children's Awards maka Best Entertainment Programme na 2014.   <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2023)">citation needed</span>]]''&#x5D;</sup> N'afọ 2012, Akinwolere gara Jamaica iji gbaa onye na-agba ọsọ Usain Bolt ajụjụ ọnụ, na ihe ngosi maka BBC. Ihe nkiri ahụ lere anya ịghọta site na echiche dị iche iche, ihe mere Jamaica dị ka mba ji achịkwa ụwa nke ịgba ọsọ ruo ogologo oge.   Na Jenụwarị 2013 ọ pụtara na usoro pụrụ iche nke The Great British Bake Off for Comic Relief nke Warwick Davis meriri. N'afọ 2016, Akinwolere bụ onye na-asọ mpi na Celebrity Master Chef nke ya na Rylan Clark Arlene Phillips, Kimberly Wyatt na Craig Gazey na-asọmpi. N'afọ 2014, Akinwolere ghọrọ onye na-egosi ihe omume BBC nke ugbu a Inside Out maka West Midlands nke o ritere ihe nrite Best Factual Royal Television Society Award maka ihe ngosi ya gbasara oke. Mgbe <ref>{{Cite news|author=Cannon|first=Matt|date=8 September 2016|title=TV presenter 'Andy' Akinwolere on why he changed his name|url=https://www.birminghammail.co.uk/news/showbiz-tv/tv-presenter-andy-akinwolere-changed-11861601|work=Birmingham Mail|accessdate=15 January 2021}}</ref> na-egosi Inside Out West Midlands, ọ maliteghachiri iji aha Ayo, aha ọmụmụ ya. N'afọ 2018, ọ ghọrọ onye na-eme ihe ngosi na Channel 4 nke European Rugby Champions Cup. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.channel4.com/info/press/news/channel-4-launches-live-coverage-of-the-european-rugby-champions-cup-xx|title=Channel 4 launches live coverage of the European Rugby Champions Cup|date=3 October 2018|publisher=Channel 4|accessdate=13 October 2018}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.paramountpressexpress.com/paramount-plus/releases/?view=100771-cbs-sports-uefa-champions-league-multiplatform-coverage-returns-with-paramount-streaming-every-match-live|title=Paramount Press Express &#124; CBS SPORTS' UEFA CHAMPIONS LEAGUE MULTIPLATFORM COVERAGE RETURNS WITH PARAMOUNT+ STREAMING EVERY MATCH LIVE|date=September 2022}}</ref> Septemba 2020, CBS Sports (US) were Akinwolere n'ọrụ iji gosipụta mbipụta UEFA Europa League nke ihe ngosi The Golazo Show nke na-egosi na US na CBS Sports Network ma na-agbasa ya na ndị na-ekiri US site na Paramount Plus na egwuregwu Thursday. Ndị na-eme mkpesa na mbipụta UEFA Europa League nke The Golazo Show gụnyere [[Nicolás Cantor]], Lianne Sanderson na Julien Laurens. == Ndụ onwe onye == Akinwolere nwere ụmụnne anọ - ụmụnne atọ na otu nwanne nwanyị bi na [[Njikọ̀taọ̀hà|United States]]. Asụsụ mbụ ya na-etolite bụ Yoruba, na mgbakwunye na [[Asụsụ Bekee|Bekee]]; nke ọ mụtara mgbe ezinụlọ ahụ kwagara Birmingham. Nne na nna ya biri na mba ọzọ ruo oge ụfọdụ ma ọ nọrọ obere oge n'oge ọ bụ nwata na [[France]]" id="mwag" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Nancy, France">Nancy, France.   Ọ bụ onye na-ese foto na-amụrụ ihe ma nwee foto ndị e bipụtara na National Geographic Kids Magazine na mbipụta Krismas nke 2010 nke [[Vogue Bambini]].   Ọ bụkwa onye na-anakọta vinyl na-adịghị ahụkebe na egwu dị iche iche.   Ọ bi na Margate, Kent.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-11-30|title=Why I love Margate with Ayo Akinwolere|url=https://www.communityad.co.uk/exclusives/ayo-akinwolere-why-love-margate/|accessdate=2022-12-28|work=CommunityAd|language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2022-07-08|title=Ayo Akinwolere: How I Made It|url=https://notion.online/ayo-akinwolere-how-i-made-it/|accessdate=2022-12-28|work=Notion|language=en-GB}}</ref> == Ihe nkiri == {| class="wikitable" !Afọ !Aha ya !Ọrụ !Ọwa Mmiri |- |2006–2011 |''Peter na-acha anụnụ anụnụ'' |Onye na-eme ihe ngosi |BBC One |- |2007 |''SMart'' |Onye ọbịa na-egosi (otu ihe omume) |CBBC |- |2007 |''Nri Dị Mma'' |Onye sonyere |BBC nke Abụọ |- |2008 |''Njikọ Kasị Ike'' |Onye na-asọ mpi na Blue Peter pụrụ iche |BBC One |- |2008 |''SMart'' |Onye ọbịa na-egosi (otu ihe omume) |CBBC |- |2009 |''Okporo ámá Coronation'' |Onye ọbịa cameo (otu ihe omume) |ITV |- |2009 |''Nke kacha njọ n'England'' |Onye sonyere |BBC nke Atọ |- |2010 |''Obodo Ndị Ọkụ'' |Onye na-egosi ihe nkiri |BBC nke Abụọ |- |2010 |''100 Ihe Egwuregwu Kasị Mma Channel 4'' |Onye sonyere |Ọwa nke 4 |- |2011 |''Ngụkọta Wipeout'' |Onye na-asọ mpi |BBC One |- |2012 |''Usain Bolt: Nwoke na-agba ọsọ'' |Onye na-egosi ihe nkiri |BBC |- |2012–2014 |''Fort Boyard: Ihe ịma aka Ikpeazụ'' |Onye na-eme ihe ngosi na Laura Hamilton |ITV |- |2013 |''Nnukwu Bake Off nke Britain'' |Onye na-asọ mpi |BBC One |- |2016 |''Ụwa nke Ihe Ebube'' |Onye na-eme ihe ngosi |Ọwa nke 4 |- |2017 |''Ọ bụ Ndụ Nkịta'' |Onye na-egosi ihe nkiri |Ọrụ Ụwa nke BBC |- |2017 |''Nnukwu Birmingham 10k'' |Onye na-eme ihe ngosi |Ọwa 5 |- |2017 |''Onye Nkwurịta Okwu Anyị'' |Onye Nleta |BBC Radio 4 |- |2017-Ugbu a |''Egwuregwu bọọlụ'' |Onye nta akụkọ |BBC One |- |2017-Ugbu a |''Egwuregwu nke Ụbọchị'' |Onye nta akụkọ |BBC One |- |2014-Ugbu a |''N'ime Ala'' |Onye Isi Okwu |BBC One |- |2018-Ugbu a |''[[The Big Tackle|Nnukwu Ogwe]]'' |Onye na-egosi ya |Ọwa nke 4 |- |2018-Ugbu a |''[[Channel 4 Rugby Internationals]]'' |Onye na-eme ihe ngosi |Ọwa nke 4 |- |2019–2022 |''[[Premier League Today|Njikọ Premier Taa]]'' |Onye nta akụkọ |Njikọ Premier |} == Onyinye == N'afọ 2008 na 2010 a họpụtara Akinwolere maka onye ngosi nke afọ na BAFTA Children's Award. [https://web.archive.org/web/20120801081430/http://www.bafta.org/awards/childrens/nominations-childrens-awards-in-2008,593,BA.html Ndị a họpụtara maka BAFTA Children's Awards 2008] 2015 meriri ihe nrite Royal Television Society maka ihe ngosi Inside Out ya banyere Extremism == Ihe odide == <references group="" responsive="1"></references> == Njikọ mpụga == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20080519091032/http://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/bluepeter/andys_blog/index.shtml Blog nke Akinwolere na ebe nrụọrụ weebụ Blue Peter] {{S-start}} {{succession box|before=[[Matt Baker (presenter)|Matt Baker]]|title=''[[Blue Peter]]'' Presenter No. 32|years=2006–2011|after=[[Lindsey Russell]]}} {{S-end}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] i35e0zc7kx8nvo1olcbt8klatfge7a4 0 34171 727457 720420 2026-09-24T01:42:30Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727457 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Bassam Talhouni''' ({{lang-ar|بسام التلهوني}}; born 1964) is a Jordanian lawyer, academic and politician. He served as industry minister. Between August 2013 and September 2016 he was minister of justice. Talhouni jere ozi dị ka minista ikpe na ụlọ ọrụ Bisher Al-Khasawneh. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Jordan's Justice, Interior Ministers Resign|url=https://english.aawsat.com/home/article/2832811/jordans-justice-interior-ministers-resign|accessdate=2021-04-06|work=Asharq AL-awsat|language=en}}</ref> gbara arụkwaghịm na Samir Mobeideen na 28 Febụwarị 2021 n'ihi mmebi mkpọchi na ọrịa COVID-19 na Jọdan. == Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ == <ref name="aea">{{Cite web|title=List of attorneys|url=https://photos.state.gov/libraries/jordan/231771/PDFs/List%20of%20Attorneys%20-%20June%202012.pdf|work=American Embassy Amman|accessdate=25 August 2013|archivedate=30 September 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180930154206/https://photos.state.gov/libraries/jordan/231771/PDFs/List}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">. ''American Embassy Amman''. Archived from <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 30 September 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 August</span> 2013</span>.</cite></ref> mụrụ Talhouni na Amman na 1964. O nwetara nzere bachelọ na nzere masta na Mahadum Jọdan . <ref name="aea" /> <ref name="midg">{{Cite web|title=Attorney Profiles|url=http://www.midglobe.com/index.php?Itemid=47&id=28&option=com_content&task=view|work=MidGlobe|accessdate=25 August 2013|archivedate=30 December 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181230233412/http://www.midglobe.com/index.php?Itemid=47&id=28&option=com_content&task=view}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">. ''MidGlobe''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 August</span> 2013</span>.</cite></ref> nwekwara PhD na iwu site na Mahadum Edinburgh nke ọ nwetara na 1997. [1] == Ọrụ == Talhouni debanyere aha <ref name="midg"/> Jordan Bar Association na 1988 ma nwee ụlọ ọrụ ndị ọka iwu na Amman. <ref name="aea"/> <ref name="jtim">{{Cite news|title=Profiles of New Ministers|url=http://jordantimes.com/uploads/downloads/2ff98a350023ffc0dee8870e6fcab62a3629a4d3.pdf|accessdate=25 August 2013|work=Jordan Times|archive-date=22 August 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130822152915/http://jordantimes.com/uploads/downloads/2ff98a350023ffc0dee8870e6fcab62a3629a4d3.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> bụ osote prọfesọ na ngalaba iwu nke Mahadum nke Jọdan. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Foreign investments rise by 7.8 per cent in 2010|url=http://www.aci.org.jo/development/en/news_details.php?NEWS_ID=16123&page=5|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20130825144625/http://www.aci.org.jo/development/en/news_details.php?NEWS_ID=16123&page=5|archivedate=25 August 2013|work=Amman Chamber of Commerce|accessdate=25 August 2013|date=10 January 2011}}</ref><ref name="jtim" /> rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye otu na ngalaba iwu na ikpe ziri ezi n'ime kọmitii na-ahụ maka atụmatụ mba na onye na-ahụ Maka ụlọ ọrụ. <ref name="midg" /> bụ onye otu Arab Society for Intellectual Property (ASIP). [1] <ref>{{Cite news|title=Jordan PM reshuffles cabinet ahead of local elections|url=http://www.thenational.ae/news/world/middle-east/jordan-pm-reshuffles-cabinet-ahead-of-local-elections|accessdate=19 October 2013|work=The National|date=22 August 2013|archive-date=20 October 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131020112052/http://www.thenational.ae/news/world/middle-east/jordan-pm-reshuffles-cabinet-ahead-of-local-elections|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=Gov't reshuffle sees 13 ministers in, five out|url=http://jordantimes.com/article/govt-reshuffle-sees-13-ministers-in-five-out|accessdate=25 August 2013|work=The Jordan Times|author=Hani Hazaimeh}}</ref>'ọnwa Ọgọstụ afọ 2013, a họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ minista ikpe ziri ezi na kansụl nke Praịm Minista Abdullah Ensour duziri. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Omar Obeidat|url=http://jordantimes.com/news/local/mulki%E2%80%99s-government-takes-oath-office-king|title=Mulki's government takes oath of office before King|publisher=The Jordan Times|date=2 June 2016|accessdate=18 June 2016}}</ref> nọgidere na kọmitii Hani Al-Mulki gosipụtara na June 2016. [1] Ọ tụfuru ọnọdụ ya na mgbanwe nke kansụl na 29 Septemba 2016, [[Awad Mashagbeh]] nọchiri ya. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Omar Obeidat|url=http://www.jordantimes.com/news/local/mulki%E2%80%99s-new-government-sworn|title=Mulki's new government sworn in|publisher=The Jordan Times|date=29 September 2016|accessdate=9 November 2016}}</ref> họpụtara Talhouni ka ọ bụrụ onye omeiwu. == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}}t [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] {{DEFAULTSORT:Talhouni, Bassam}} t5t0d5v7on7td2kg0wg0g90tuqwbiwk 0 34224 727446 444704 2026-09-24T00:20:09Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727446 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|website=}}{{Databox}} '''Awad Khleifat''' (amụrụ n'afọ 1945) bụ onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Jọdan nke jere ozi dị ka osote praịm minista Hashemite nke Jọdan na minista dị n'ime obodo site n'ọnwa Ọktoba afọ 2012 ruo ngwụcha Machị afọ 2013. == Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ == A mụrụ Khleifat na Wadi Musa na mpaghara Petra na 1945. <ref name="guide">{{Cite web|title=Awad Khleifat|url=http://www.jordanpolitics.org/en/senate-member/84/awad-khleifat/8|publisher=Jordan Politics|accessdate=23 June 2022}}</ref> nwere PhD na akụkọ ihe mere eme, nke ọ natara na SOAS, Mahadum London. == Ọrụ == Khleifat jere ozi dị ka onyeisi oche nke Mahadum Mutah site na 1989 ruo 1991. <ref>{{Cite book|author=Russell E. Lucas|title=Institutions and the Politics of Survival in Jordan: Domestic Responses to External Challenges, 1988-2001|publisher=State University of New York Press|year=2012|isbn=978-0-7914-8332-9|location=Albany, NY|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rA689kk0lWEC&pg=PA35}}</ref> Mgbe ahụ <ref name="guide"/>{{Cite web|title=Awad Khleifat|url=http://www.jordanpolitics.org/en/senate-member/84/awad-khleifat/8|publisher=Jordan Politics|accessdate=23 June 2022}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[http://www.jordanpolitics.org/en/senate-member/84/awad-khleifat/8 "Awad Khleifat"]. Jordan Politics<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 June</span> 2022</span>.</cite></ref> sonyeere ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, ma jee ozi dị ka onye otu ụlọ elu ọtụtụ ugboro. <ref name="guide" /> rụkwara ọrụ na ụlọ ọrụ dị iche iche nke Jọdan. Otu <ref>{{Cite news|title=Transfer of headmasters no demotion, says Sulaiman|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=75VUAAAAIBAJ&sjid=CJADAAAAIBAJ&pg=5509,1273364&dq=awad+khleifat&hl=en|accessdate=22 January 2013|work=New Straits Times|date=4 July 1992}}</ref>'ime ọkwa ya bụ minista nke agụmakwụkwọ ka elu. <ref name="wleaks" /> bụkwa osote praịm minista. <ref>{{Cite news|title=Jordanians protesting bread prices|work=The Spokesman Review|date=17 August 1996|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=0MwiAAAAIBAJ&sjid=BvIDAAAAIBAJ&pg=3968,4804317&dq=awad+khleifat&hl=en|accessdate=22 January 2013}}</ref> mgbakwunye, Khleifat jere ozi dị ka minista nke ime obodo ọtụtụ ugboro, dịka ọmụmaatụ, na 1996. [1] <ref>{{Cite news|title=Jordanian PM Brings 11 New Ministers to Cabinet|work=Xinhua|date=16 June 2001|url=http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/20010617/419986.htm|accessdate=22 January 2013|archive-date=4 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304112952/http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/20010617/419986.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref> họpụtakwara ya ka ọ bụrụ minista nke ime obodo na June 2000 na kọmitii Ali Abu Ragheb. Oge <ref>{{Cite news|title=New Jordanian cabinet sworn in|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/1381420/New-Jordanian-cabinet-sworn-in.html|accessdate=22 January 2013|work=The Telegraph|date=14 January 2002}}</ref> gwụrụ na Jenụwarị 2002, Qaftan Al Majali nọchiri ya. <ref name="wleaks">{{Cite web|title=Eleven Exchange Visitor Alumni Appointed Members of the New Senate|url=http://www.cablegatesearch.net/cable.php?id=03AMMAN7526|work=Wikileaks|accessdate=22 January 2013|date=20 November 2003|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131203005301/http://www.cablegatesearch.net/cable.php?id=03AMMAN7526|archivedate=3 December 2013}}</ref>Eze Abdullah nke Abụọ họpụtara Khleifat ka ọ bụrụ onye isi ụlọ omebe iwu na 17 Nọvemba 2003. [1] Eze Abdullah nke Abụọ họpụtara Khleifat <ref>{{Cite news|author=Mahmoud Abed|title=Royal Committee members appointed|url=http://www.jordanembassyus.org/02012005002.htm|accessdate=22 January 2013|work=The Jordan Times|date=1 February 2005}}</ref> kọmitii eze na 31 Jenụwarị 2006. [1] 'abalị iri na asaa n'ọnwa Disemba afọ 2009, a họpụtara ya ọzọ n'ụlọ omebe iwu n'ụbọchị iri na asaa nke ọnwa Disemba afọ 2009. [1] <ref>{{Cite news|title=Jordan gets new cabinet ahead of polls|work=Al Arabiya|url=http://english.alarabiya.net/articles/2012/10/11/243218.html|accessdate=22 January 2013|date=11 October 2012}}</ref> họpụtara Khleifat ọzọ ka ọ bụrụ minista na-ahụ maka ime obodo nakwa, osote praịm minista na kansụl nke Abdullah Ensour duziri na 11 Ọktoba 2012. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Royal Decree Approves New Government|url=http://www.jordankorea.gov.jo/content/royal-decree-approves-new-govenrment|work=Embassy of Jardan (Petra)|accessdate=22 January 2013|date=11 October 2012|archivedate=3 December 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131203043034/http://www.jordankorea.gov.jo/content/royal-decree-approves-new-govenrment}}</ref> Oge <ref name="jtimes30mar">{{Cite news|title=Ensour 19-member Cabinet sworn in|url=http://jordantimes.com/ensour-19-member-cabinet-sworn-in|accessdate=29 June 2013|work=The Jordan Times|date=30 March 2013}}</ref> gwụrụ na 30 Machị 2013 ma Hussein Majali nọchiri ya dị ka minista dị n'ime ụlọ na mgbanwe nke ndị isi. <ref name="jtimes30mar" /> naghị ejupụta ọkwa osote praịm minista na mgbanwe ahụ. == Ndụ onwe onye == Khleifat nyere Kawkab Medal nke First Order na Istiqlal Medal nke mbụ Order. == Ihe odide == {{Reflist|33em}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] a0yiot02qy39grb2fonh682gwp4gy2o 0 34495 727511 630948 2026-09-24T04:51:17Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727511 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|website={{URL|camilladerrico.com}}|image=10.10.10Camillad'ErricoByLuigiNovi2.jpg|name=Camilla d'Errico|occupation=onye na-ese ihe osise n'akwụkwọ na-atọ ọchị onye na-ede ihe osise onye na-eme ihe osise.|nationality=Canadian}} [[Category:Articles with hCards]] Camilla d'Errico bụ onye na-ese ihe osise n'akwụkwọ na-atọ ọchị, onye na-ede ihe osise na onye na-eme ihe osise. == Ọrụ == === Ihe na-atọ ọchị === Camilla d'Errico anọwo na-ese akwụkwọ na-atọ ọchị kemgbe afọ 2001, mgbe ọ na-enweta diplọma ya nke Illustration and Design na Capilano College na North Vancouver. Ọrụ mbụ ya na-atọ ọchị bụ na Committed Comics nke Seattle na New York, maka usoro Threads. Mgbe ahụ, ọ malitere ọrụ dị ka onye na-ede akwụkwọ maka obere usoro ''Zevon-7'' nke nwere akụkụ anọ. Mgbe onye okike ''Zevon-7'' Quenton Shaw malitere QEW Publishing na 2004, a gbakwunyere usoro manga nke onye okike Camilla, Burn, na ntọala ọrụ ụlọ ọrụ ahụ ma mechaa bipụta ya na Arcana Studios na Mee 2008. <ref>Tramountanas, George A. (May 22, 2008). [https://web.archive.org/web/20110517201851/http://www.comicbookresources.com/?page=article&id=16520 "Camilla d'Errico Feels the 'Burn'"]. [[CBR.com]].</ref> N'afọ 2006, a gwara ya ka ọ rụọ ọrụ na akwụkwọ akụkọ maka onye na-agụ egwu Avril Lavigne . Ya na Joshua Dysart, d'Errico jikọrọ aka mepụta akwụkwọ akụkọ eserese abụọ, nke akpọrọ Make 5 Wishes, nke Del Rey Manga na Random House bipụtara na 2007 na North America na Tokyopop na Eshia. 'afọ 2007, d'Errico ghọrọ onye na-ese ihe maka usoro Serena Valentino, Nightmares & Fairy Tales, nke Slave Labor Graphics bipụtara, site na mbipụta 19 ruo mbipụta 23. [1] Image Comics bipụtara obere ihe nkiri ise na akwụkwọ akụkọ eserese nke d'Errico sere. Obere usoro bụ akụkọ sitere na egwuregwu vidio Sky Pirates of Neo Terra, nke dabeere na ọrụ nka d'Errico. <ref>{{Cite web|first=Leonard|author=Pierce|url=http://www.avclub.com/articles/grant-morrison,30678/|title=Interview Grant Morrison|publisher=[[The A.V. Club]]|date=July 22, 2009|accessdate=September 29, 2011|quote=Then there's ''The New Bible'', the final title for the project I'm doing with Camilla D'Errico.|archive-date=August 5, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110805084919/http://www.avclub.com/articles/grant-morrison,30678/|url-status=dead}}</ref> na-eme atụmatụ na ya na onye edemede, Grant Morrison ga-arụ ọrụ na ọrụ ha bụ The New Bible (nke a na-akpọbu Warcop <ref>{{Cite web|first=Scott|author=Thill|url=https://www.wired.com/underwire/2009/03/mid-life-crisis/|title=Grant Morrison Talks Brainy Comics, Sexy Apocalypse|publisher=[[Wired (magazine)|Wired]]|date=March 19, 2009|accessdate=September 29, 2011|quote=There's this big comic idea I've been working on for the last few years—briefly called ''Warcop'', and now known as ''The New Bible''}}</ref>). === Ihe osise === Ọrụ Camilla d'Errico dị ka onye na-ese ihe malitere na 2006, mgbe ọ sonyere na ngosi na Vancouver's Ayden Gallery na Gastown. Kemgbe mmalite afọ 2007, d'Errico malitere igosi ọrụ ya na gallery gafee US na Canada, na Los Angeles, New York, San Francisco, Chicago na Vancouver n'ihe a maara dị ka Lowbrow (mgbasa nka) . <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.printmag.com/design-inspiration/camilla-derrico-inspiration-pop-surrealism-inappropriate-images/|title=Camilla d'Errico on Inspiration, Pop Surrealism, and "Inappropriate" Images|date=2012-08-03|work=Print Magazine|language=en-US|accessdate=2020-02-03}}</ref> bụ otu n'ime ndị inyom na-ese ihe gụnyere Audrey Kawasaki, na Amy Sol bụ ndị na-ese ụmụ agbọghọ mara mma na ngalaba Pop Surrealism. === Ọrụ azụmahịa === N'otu oge na ihe ọchị na manga, d'Errico emeela ihe osise na ọrụ imewe maka The Walt Disney Company, Ride Snowboards, Hasbro Toys, Wizkids, Microsoft Zune maka Zune Hut na Whistler's Telus World Ski & Snowboard Championship, OSO Design House na Ginch Gonch. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.dorothycircusgallery.it/camilla-derrico/|title=Camilla d'Errico|date=2017-04-18|work=Dorothy Circus Gallery|language=en-GB|accessdate=2020-02-03|archivedate=2020-02-03|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200203213424/https://www.dorothycircusgallery.it/camilla-derrico/}}</ref> Dark Horse Comics enyela ikikere nka ya maka Journal na Stationery Set, Punchbrand ejirila ya mee ihe dị ka onye na-ese ihe ha maka usoro ndị na-ese ha Crazyhats na Panda Hoodies. A na-enye ọrụ ya ikikere na ngwaahịa dị iche iche, gụnyere akara akpa aka na ngwa, akwụkwọ ozi, uwe, kọmputa na ekwentị 'akpụkpọ ahụ', cushions, jigsaw puzzles, postcard set na sketchbooks. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://ziacomics.com/tntm-artist-camilla-derrico-interview/|title=TNTM Artist Camilla dErrico interview|date=2016-06-24|work=Zia Comics|language=en-US|accessdate=2020-02-03|archivedate=2020-02-03|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200203213423/http://ziacomics.com/tntm-artist-camilla-derrico-interview/}}</ref> nwere nchịkọta nke tshirts na Hot Topic na mgbakwunye na imepụta uwe nke ya. Na June 2009, Neverwear.net wepụtara mbipụta jikọrọ aka nke d'Errico na Neil Gaiman dabere na akụkọ mkpirikpi Gaiman, How to Talk to Girls at Parties . <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.darkhorse.com/Books/16-033/MySpace-Dark-Horse-Presents-Volume-3-TPB|title=MySpace Dark Horse Presents Volume 3 TPB: Profile: Dark Horse Comics|work=[[Dark Horse Comics]]|accessdate=2020-02-03}}</ref>'ọnwa Ọgọstụ afọ 2009, Dark Horse wepụtara azụmahịa ya a ma ama, MySpace Dark Horse Presents Mpịakọta nke 3, nke nwere obere webcomic Vampy Cat Play Friend yana ihe osise ọhụrụ nke d'Errico. === Ihe eji egwuri egwu === D'Errico arụwo ọrụ na ihe eji egwuri egwu vinyl, ebe ọ bụ na ọ haziri ihe ndị na-enweghị ihe ọ bụla maka Ad Funture, Osaka Popstar, DCTO Jibun Project, Mindstyle & Disney's Stitch Experiment na Hasbro's Mighty Mugg maka usoro "The Empire Muggs Back" nke Lucasfilm. Ọ bụ otu n'ime ndị omenkà ahọpụtara iji hazie ma mepụta ihe eji egwuri egwu maka usoro ihe eji egwupụta vinyl nke mbụ nke Canada a na-akpọ Bax Bear . D'Errico ewepụtakwala ihe eji egwuri egwu nke ya, ihe eji egwupụta nke dabeere na agwa ekwensu, "Kuro" site na usoro ya, ''Tanpopo'' . <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.camilladerrico.com/toys/show/Kuro%20Plush|title=Kuro Plush at camilladerrico.com|accessdate=2010-10-16|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101018222033/http://camilladerrico.com/toys/show/Kuro%20Plush|archivedate=2010-10-18}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://wordpress-305716-980974.cloudwaysapps.com/2011/06/reveal-camilla-derricos-kuro-gid.html|title=Reveal: Camilla d’Errico’s Kuro GID – Vinyl Pulse|language=en-US|accessdate=2020-02-03|archivedate=2020-02-03|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200203213426/https://wordpress-305716-980974.cloudwaysapps.com/2011/06/reveal-camilla-derricos-kuro-gid.html}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://camilladerrico.com/tag/vinyl/|title=vinyl {{!}} Camilla d'Errico|language=en-US|accessdate=2020-02-03|archivedate=2020-02-03|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200203213424/https://camilladerrico.com/tag/vinyl/}}</ref>'afọ 2011, a tọhapụrụ usoro vinyl na resin collectibles na San Diego Comic Con. === Usoro na ihe ndị e ji rụọ === D'Errico na-eji ihe osise Holbein Aqua Duo, nke bụ ihe osise mmanụ na-agbaze na mmiri. Ọ na-eji ihe ndị a na ogwe osisi maka ụcha ya, na acrylics na inking pensụl mgbe ọ na-arụ ọrụ na ákwà. N'ọnọdụ ụfọdụ, D'Errico ga-eji aka ya see otu, wee tee ya na kọmputa ya. == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] s89d6usqy6zp51yoqohiyeui2o2fi60 0 34919 727584 147001 2026-09-24T10:49:00Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727584 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} De-asphalter bụ otu n'ime ụlọ nrụpụta mmanụ crude ma ọ bụ ihe nkwalite bitumen nke na-ekewa asphalt na akụkụ mpụta nke mmanụ crude ma ọ bụ bitumen. Ebumnuche bụ isi nke nkewa ahụ bụ iji wepụ ihe ndị na-emerụ emerụ (asphaltenes, metals) site na nri nke ga-eme ka nkwụsị ngwa ngwa nke ndị na-emepụta ihe na-arụ ọrụ na mpaghara nhazi nke ala. N'ime ime nke a, de-asphalter bụ nzọụkwụ mbụ n'ime usoro usoro na-eme ka nri dị ala dị ala na ngwaahịa ndị a nụchara anụcha dị elu.. A na-etinyekarị unit de-asphalter n'azụ ụlọ elu distillation ma nata nri site na ala (ihe fọdụrụ). Ọ na-abụkarị solvent de-asphalter unit, SDA. SDA na-ekewa asphalt na nri n'ihi na hydrocarbons dị mfe ga-agbaze aliphatic compounds mana ọ bụghị asphaltenes. Ihe a na-emepụta site na de-asphalt unit bụ mmanụ de-asfalted ("DAO") na asphalt. DAO sitere <ref name="McKetta_1992">{{Cite book|author=John J. McKetta|title=Petroleum Processing Handbook|publisher=CRC Press|year=1992|isbn=978-0-8247-8681-6|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Xlqsr_K59mcC&dq=McKetta,+John+J.+Petroleum+Processing+Handbook.&pg=PP1}}</ref> propane de-asphalting nwere ogo kachasị elu ma ọ bụ nke kachasị ala, ebe iji pentane nwere ike okpukpu abụọ ma ọ bụ okpukpu atọ nke mmepụta sitere na nri dị arọ, mana na-efu mmetọ site na ọla na carbon fọdụrụ na-eme ka ndụ nke ihe na-emebi emebi. Ọ bụrụ na ihe na-agbanye mmiri bụ butane, a ga-akpọ ya [[butane de-asphalter]] ("BDA") ma ọ bụrụ na ihe ahụ na-agbasa mmiri bụ propane, a gaghị akpọ ya propane de-Asphalter ("PDA"). == Edensibia == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20121023205818/http://www.epa.gov/osw/hazard/wastetypes/wasteid/petroleum/study_p3.pdf Nnyocha nke ihe ndị fọdụrụ na mmanụ ala ahọpụtara site na US EPA] * [https://archive.today/20121216140338/http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/bookhome/114124025/ Lubricants na Lubrication (Mbipụta nke Abụọ)] {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20211115135039/http://www.fwc.com/publications/tech_papers/oil_gas/Uop_fw~2.pdf Ihe na-agwọ mmiri] * [http://home.comcast.net/~jjechura/CHEN409/05_Bottom_of_Barrel.pdf Solvent de-asphalting nke vacuum residuum] * [http://www.gasification.org/Docs/Conferences/1999/GTC99270.pdf Asphalt e ji mee gas]  3tvf7wtknreta20qo8ko6uevt63964h 0 35020 727459 726118 2026-09-24T01:51:36Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727459 wikitext text/x-wiki   Beban Sammy Chumbow (11 Septemba 1943) [1] bụ ọkà mmụta asụsụ si Cameroon. O nweela ọkwa prọfesọ na nchịkwa na mahadum dị iche iche na Cameroon, gụnyere Mahadum Dschang na Mahadum ICT, Cameroon Campus. Ọ na-ejekwa ozi dị ka onyeisi oche nke Cameroon Academy of Sciences (CAS). ) <ref name="Karl 2019 c926" /> == Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ == A mụrụ Chumbow na 11 Septemba 1943 na Mezam Division nke mpaghara North-West nke Cameroon . <ref name="Karl 2019 c926" />{{Cite web|author=Karl|first=Mua|title=You're a Square Peg in Square Hole|work=The voice News|date=31 July 2019|url=https://www.thevoicenews.net/2019/07/31/youre-a-square-peg-in-square-hole/|accessdate=8 December 2023}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFKarl2019">Karl, Mua (31 July 2019). [https://www.thevoicenews.net/2019/07/31/youre-a-square-peg-in-square-hole/ "You're a Square Peg in Square Hole"]. ''The voice News''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 December</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> Ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ praịmarị ya na North-West wee gaa Kinshasa na Democratic Republic of Congo maka ọmụmụ ya na Roman Philology . <ref name="Karl 2019 c926" /> Ọ gụsịrị nzere masta ya na 1972 na nzere PhD ya na 1975 na Mahadum Indiana Bloomington . <ref name="Karl 2019 c926">{{Cite web|author=Karl|first=Mua|title=You're a Square Peg in Square Hole|work=The voice News|date=31 July 2019|url=https://www.thevoicenews.net/2019/07/31/youre-a-square-peg-in-square-hole/|accessdate=8 December 2023}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFKarl2019">Karl, Mua (31 July 2019). [https://www.thevoicenews.net/2019/07/31/youre-a-square-peg-in-square-hole/ "You're a Square Peg in Square Hole"]. ''The voice News''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 December</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> O mechara sonye na Mahadum Illori na Naịjirịa.<ref name="Karl 2019 c926" /> == Ọrụ na nyocha == N'afọ 1986, Chumbow sonyeere ngalaba nke asụsụ na asụsụ Africa na Mahadum Yaounde I. <ref name="Karl 2019 c926"/> Na 1993, a họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ osote onye isi oche nke Mahadum Buea. O mechara rụọ ọrụ dị ka rector na Mahadum Dschang, Mahadum Ngaoundéré na Mahadum Yaounde I. [1] Ọ na-ejikọtakwa ya. I.<ref name="Karl 2019 c926"/> A na-ejikọkwa ya na Cameroon Academy of Sciences na African Scientific Research and Innovation Council (ASRIC) - African Union . <ref name="The ICT University 2020 i026" /> A na-ejikọta ya na African Academy of Languages (ACALAN), ụlọ ọrụ nke African Union . <ref name="Université de Dschang 2019 y370">{{Cite web|title=Prof. Beban Sammy Chumbow outgoing Council Chair of UDs|work=Université de Dschang|date=24 July 2019|url=https://www.univ-dschang.org/prof-beban-sammy-chumbow-outgoing-council-chair-of-uds/|language=fr|accessdate=8 December 2023}}</ref> Ọ bụ onye otu Linguistic Society of America na New York Academy of Sciences . <ref name="Université de Dschang 2019 y370" /> O bipụtara isiokwu na akwụkwọ gbasara asụsụ.<ref name="The ICT University 2020 i026">{{Cite web|title=Prof. Sammy B. Chumbow, Phd|work=The ICT University|date=7 December 2020|url=https://ictuniversity.org/personnel/prof-sammy-b-chumbow/|accessdate=8 December 2023|archive-date=9 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231209023325/https://ictuniversity.org/personnel/prof-sammy-b-chumbow/|url-status=dead}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">. ''The ICT University''. 7 December 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 December</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> == Akwụkwọ ndị a họọrọ == == Edensibia == {{DEFAULTSORT:Chumbow, Beban}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] lk5fw8or2m6aceols7wuola5ohyvi55 0 36399 727455 188261 2026-09-24T01:05:20Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727455 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''''Bamako''''' bụ ihe nkiri 2006 nke Abderrahmane Sissako duziri, nke mbụ e wepụtara na 2006 Cannes Film Festival na 21 Mee <ref name="festival-cannes.com">{{Cite web|url=http://www.festival-cannes.com/en/archives/ficheFilm/id/4353205/year/2006.html|title=Festival de Cannes: Bamako|accessdate=17 December 2009|work=festival-cannes.com}}</ref> na Manhattan site na New Yorker Films na 14 Febụwarị 2007. Ihe nkiri ahụ gosipụtara ikpe na-ewere ọnọdụ na Bamako, isi obodo [[Mali]], n'etiti ndụ kwa ụbọchị na-aga n'ihu n'obodo ahụ. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.timeout.com/london/film/bamako|title=Bamako (PG)|author=Dave Calhoun|date=16 October 2006|publisher=TimeOutLondon|accessdate=21 March 2014}}</ref>'etiti ikpe ahụ, akụkụ abụọ na-arụ ụka ma World Bank na International Monetary Fund na-eduzi site na ọdịmma pụrụ iche nke mba ndị mepere emepe, ma ọ bụ ma ọ bụ nrụrụ aka na njikwa ọjọọ nke mba ndị ahụ, nke ahụ bụ ikpe mara maka ọnọdụ ego nke ọtụtụ mba Afrịka dara ogbenye yana ụwa ndị ọzọ dara ogbenye. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.peoplesworld.org/movie-review-bamako-an-african-indictment-of-the-world-bank/|title=Bamako: An African indictment of the World Bank|author=BILL MEYER|date=17 November 2006|publisher=People's World.org|accessdate=21 March 2014}}</ref> Ihe nkiri ahụ na-emetụta ọbụna ọchịchị ndị Europe ma na-atụle otu o si arụ ọrụ n'ịkpụzi obodo ndị Afrịka na ịda ogbenye na nsogbu ha na-akpata. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.democracynow.org/2007/2/16/bamako_danny_glover_produces_and_stars|title=Bamako: Danny Glover Produces and Stars in New Film Putting the World Bank and IMF on Trial in Africa|author=DemocracyNow|date=16 February 2007|publisher=DemocracyNow|accessdate=21 March 2014}}</ref>Danny Glover, otu n'ime ndị na-emepụta ihe nkiri ahụ, bụkwa ndị ọbịa dị ka onye na-eme ihe nkiri na ihe nkiri ọdịda anyanwụ (nke a na-akpọ Death in Timbuktu) nke ụfọdụ ụmụaka na-ekiri na telivishọn n'otu ihe nkiri. Ndị ọka iwu William Bourdon na [[Aïssata Tall Sall]] gosipụtara onwe ha na fim ahụ. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.jeuneafrique.com/mag/234955/politique/senegal-aissata-tall-sall-objectif-presidentielle/|title=Sénégal : Aïssata Tall Sall, objectif présidentielle|language=French|date=15 June 2015|accessdate=16 November 2020|publisher=Jeune Afrique|first=Mehdi|author=Ba}}</ref> == Ndị a nabatara == A họpụtara onye na-eme ihe nkiri Aïssa Maïga maka César Award maka onye na-ese ihe nkiri kacha mma na 2007. ''Bamako'' bụ onye natara onyinye ihe nkiri mbụ nke Council of Europe (FACE) nyere na Istanbul International Film Festival na Eprel 2007. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://wcd.coe.int/ViewDoc.jsp?id=1118399|title="Bamako", winner of the first Council of Europe film award in Istanbul|date=14 April 2007|publisher=[[Council of Europe]]|accessdate=14 April 2009}}</ref> ''Bamako'' meriri ihe nrite maka Best French-Language Film / Best Francophone Film na Prix Lumière . ''Bamako'' bụkwa onye mmeri nke Audience Award na Paris Cinema na 2006. Onye na-enyocha Salon bụ Andrew O'Hehir họọrọ ihe nkiri ahụ mgbe a gwara ya ka ọ gosipụta otu ihe nkiri n'ime Maryland Film Festival na 2008. == Nnakwere == Ihe nkiri ahụ nwetara akara Metacritic nke 81 n'ime 100 nke pụtara na ihe nkiri ahụ nwetara otuto. Ihe nkiri ahụ nwere akara nke 85% na akara "Fresh" na Rotten Tomatoes dabere na nyocha 54 na nkwekọrịta ndị a: "Ihe nkiri ụlọ ikpe na ihe osise nke ndụ Mali kwa ụbọchị, ''Bamako'' na-abịakwute isiokwu abụọ ahụ n'otu nkà na ihe ịga nke ọma. " <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/341815498/|title=Bamako (2006)|publisher=[[Rotten Tomatoes]]|accessdate=21 March 2014}}</ref> Ihe nkiri ahụ nwetara otuto dị ukwuu maka ntụziaka ya site na Sissako. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Schwarzbaum|first=Lisa|title=Bamako Review|url=http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,20011870,00.html|publisher=Entertainment Weekly|accessdate=21 March 2014|archivedate=22 March 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140322013454/http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,20011870,00.html}}</ref> Weekly nyere ''Bamako'' akara A, na-akpọ ya "ihe nkiri na-akpali akpali, nke na-ama aka site n'aka ezigbo onye edemede na onye nduzi Mauritania bụ Abderrahmane Sissako" nakwa na ọ na-eweta "oge nke ịta ahụhụ, nke na'enweghị ezi uche, nke dị nso nke onye na-eme ihe nkiri na-ejikwa obi ụtọ na mmụọ dị elu na-efe efe". A. O. Scott nke ''The New York Times'' kwuru na "ọ hụtụbeghị ihe nkiri dị ka ''Bamako"'' ma too ọhụụ onye nduzi ahụ dị ka "ihe dị mgbagwoju anya, nke dị mgbagha na nke mara mma nke nyocha mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya, nke akụ na ụba na nke mmadụ n'Africa" wee gaa n'ihu ịkọwa ihe nkiri ahụ dị ka ""ihe dị iche, ọrụ nke ọgụgụ isi dị jụụ na iwe miri emi, arụmụka dị ogologo, nke bụkwa uri anya na-enye nsogbu". <ref>{{Cite news|author=Scott|first=A.O.|title=World Bank in the Docket, Charged With Africa's Woes|url=http://movies2.nytimes.com/2007/02/14/movies/14bama.html?ref=movies|work=The New York Times|date=14 February 2007|accessdate=21 March 2014}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|author=Phillips|first=Michael|title=IMF trial lets 'Bamako' court outside issues|date=9 March 2007|url=http://articles.chicagotribune.com/2007-03-09/entertainment/0703080394_1_imf-witness-trial|publisher=Chicago Tribune|accessdate=21 March 2014|archivedate=22 March 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140322014013/http://articles.chicagotribune.com/2007-03-09/entertainment/0703080394_1_imf-witness-trial}}</ref>Michael Phillips nke ''Chicago Tribune'' na nyocha ya nyere ihe nkiri ahụ kpakpando 3 1/2 n'ime 4 wee sị "Sissako nwere anya igwefoto pụrụ iche, ndidi na nchebe maka mbelata na ọfụma nke usoro ụlọ ikpe na ihe nkiri ndị dị n'èzí. " Wesley Morris si na ''Boston Globe'' na nyocha dị mma kwuru "Dị ka egosiri na ihe nkiri ya gara aga, ihe ngosi nke ndụ a na-akpọ "Na-echere Obi Ụtọ," Sissako bụ onye na-ede uri, na ime ihe nkiri na foto ọhụrụ a bụ ihe kwesịrị ya". <ref>{{Cite web|author=Morris|first=Wesley|title=Africans challenge global corruption in 'Bamako' courtroom|url=http://www.boston.com/ae/movies/articles/2007/02/16/africans_challenge_global_corruption_in_bamako_courtroom/|publisher=The Boston Globe|accessdate=21 March 2014|archive-date=5 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305000553/http://www.boston.com/ae/movies/articles/2007/02/16/africans_challenge_global_corruption_in_bamako_courtroom/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Nnyocha nke ''Alaeze Ukwu'' nyere ihe nkiri ahụ kpakpando 4 n'ime 5 ma kwuo na ihe nkiri ahụ "Ọ bụghị elekere dị mfe, ma ọ bụ n'ihe gbasara ọdịnaya ya siri ike, nhazi nke yiri ka ọ bụ ihe nnọchianya ya. Mana nke a na-eme ka ọ dị mgbagwoju anya nke ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị site n'ịkwado okwu na ọnụ ọgụgụ na ihe omume kwa ụbọchị nke na-enye ajọ omume na ezughi oke ihu mmadụ" <ref>{{Cite web|author=Parkinson|first=David|title=Domestic strife and political polemic in this African drama.|url=http://www.empireonline.com/reviews/review.asp?FID=134757|publisher=Empire Magazine|accessdate=21 March 2014}}</ref> Nnyocha ahụ <ref>{{Cite news|author=Hornaday|first=Ann|title=Out of Africa: 'Bamako,' a Fanciful Tale With a Moral Ending|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/06/14/AR2007061402264.html|work=The Washington Post|accessdate=21 March 2014}}</ref> na The Washington Post kwuru "Ọ dịghị onye nwere ike ịgọnahụ eziokwu dị ike nke na-agafe ''Bamako''". == Hụkwa == * ''Ndụ na Ụgwọ'' * ''Ọlaedo Ojii'' * ''Nkwupụta nke Nwoke Na-ahụ Maka Akụnụba'' == Edensibia == ha si [[Spain]] gaa [[China]] na-agafe ụsọ oké osimiri Afrịka. Akụkọ [[Sinbad]] dabeere na njem ndị ahụ, mana eziokwu nwere ike karịa akụkọ ifo. Olee otú mmadụ siha si [[Spain]] gaa [[China]] na-agafe ụsọ oké osimiri Afrịka. Akụkọ [[Sinbad]] dabeere na njem ndị ahụ, mana eziokwu nwere ike karịa akụkọ ifo. Olee otú mmadụ si{{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * {{IMDb title|0814666|Bamako}} * BamakonaAllMovie * BamakonaTomato rere ure * BamakonaBox Office Mojo * BamakonaIhe Ndị Na-egosi Ihe Ndị Dị Oké Mkpa * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4a2p9Gryy88 Danny Glover na-ekwu maka Bamako] * [http://www.dvdoutsider.co.uk/dvd/reviews/b/bamako.html Bamako Film Nchịkọta na Nkatọ na DVD Outsider] [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 8tfcnd1yimcvmq1k2s97zbmscor1qb0 0 36902 727424 151377 2026-09-23T15:23:01Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727424 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}Prey bụ Ihe nkiri egwu egwu njem 2007 nke Jeff Wadlow, Beau Bauman, na Darrell Roodt dere. <ref>[http://www.buried.com/moviereviews/prey-2007/2360/ Prey 2007 – Horror Movie Reviews: Buried.com]</ref> duziri ihe nkiri ahụ. N'ebe a na-echekwa egwuregwu na South Africa, otu nwanyị na ụmụ ya abụọ tọrọ n'ime ụgbọ ala site n'ìgwè ọdụm agụụ na-agụ. Ndị na-eri anụ bụ Bridget Moynahan, Peter Weller na Carly Schroeder.<ref name="Prey">{{Cite web|url=http://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/title/644587/Prey/full-credits.html|title=Prey|work=[[Turner Classic Movies]]|publisher=[[Turner Broadcasting System]] ([[Time Warner]])|accessdate=12 July 2017|archive-date=15 April 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180415190337/http://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/title/644587/Prey/full-credits.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Mmalite == Ọdụm agụụ na-agụ na-ejide nwanyị (Bridget Moynahan) na ụmụ ya abụọ n'ime ụgbọ ala. == Atụmatụ == Tom Newman, onye injinia mmiri na ọkụ eletrik nke South Africa, na ezinụlọ ya rutere South Africa iji nyere aka wuo mmiri. Nwa ya nwanyị, Jessica, anaghị eso nne nne ya, Amy, n'ihi na obi adịghị ya ụtọ maka ịgba alụkwaghịm nne na nna ya. N'ụtụtụ echi ya, Amy, Jessica na nwanne ya nwoke David na Brian, onye na-elekọta ụlọ, na-aga egwuregwu, ebe Tom na-aga n'ọdọ mmiri. Ka ọ na-akwọ ụgbọala n'okporo ụzọ, David gwara onye nche ka ọ kwụsị jeep ahụ n'ihi na ọ ga-eme nsị. Brian jidere égbè ya wee duru David gaa n'osisi dị nso. Ha zutere [[Odúm|ọdụm]] nwanyị abụọ, nke ọdụm kwadoro n'azụ ha. Otu ọdụm na-awakpo ma David na-agba ọsọ laghachi n'ụgbọala ahụ, ebe Brian na-achụ onwe ya n'àjà iji zọpụta ndị ọzọ. Igodo ndị furu efu, Amy, Jessica, na David tọrọ n'ụgbọala ahụ ma ọdụm na-eso ha, ndị na-eri Brian. Mgbe ọ laghachiri n'ụlọ ahụ, a gwara Tom banyere ọpụpụ ezinụlọ ya, ma gbalịa ịkpọtụrụ Crawford, onye na-achụ nta na onye nduzi, na aro nke ndị na-elekọta ogige ahụ. Crawford jụrụ inyere ya aka, ebe ọ bụ nnukwu onye nduzi ise, ọ bụghị onye ndu nke ndị na-achọ. N'echi ya, mgbe ọ na-enweghị ike iso ndị nche n'ime ikuku, Tom gara ịhụ Crawford, ma nwee ike ịkwụ ụgwọ ọrụ ya na ọnụahịa nke onye nke ikpeazụ. Laa azụ n'ụgbọala ahụ, David hụrụ mkpịsị ugodi Brian, Amy wee weghachite ha, naanị iji mebie gwongworo ahụ mgbe ọ na-akwọ ụgbọala n'ụzọ na-ezighi ezi. Crawford na Tom na-achọ ihe ịrịba ama ha ka ha na-enyocha n'okporo ụzọ ndị na-elekọta ha site n'oge ruo n'oge, mana mmiri ozuzo n'abalị gara aga ewepụla ụzọ ọ bụla. Mgbe ndị na-elekọta ụlọ na-efefe n'amaghị ha, Jessica na-apụ ma gbalịa ịdọta uche ha. Ọ dara ma, ya na Amy, otu ọdụm nwanyị wakporo ya, nke ndị na-achụ nta abụọ gburu. Amy na Jessica jisiri ike bịanye aka nke ọma iji mee ka ndị na-achụ nta kwenye na mmiri dị ha mkpa, otu na-eduga Jessica n'olulu mmiri dị nso. Ha nụrụ ụda égbè wee laghachi azụ, ebe ndị ọzọ na-eme mpako wakporo onye ọchụnta nke abụọ ma gbuo ya. Onye mbụ na-aga ịchọta enyi ya, Jessica na-enyekwa Amy na David mmiri. Tom na Crawford chọtara nsị ọdụm, nke na-egosi na ọ riri ma nọrọ n'ebe dị anya, tupu o guzobe ogige. Mgbe chi jiri, Tom na Crawford kwurịtara ọdụm n'ọkụ ahụ, Amy na Jessica kwurịtakwara otú o si zute Tom n'ụgbọala. Onye na-achụ nta ahụ laghachiri ma gbuo ya mgbe ọdụm ahụ si na windo kụtuo ma dọrọ ya. N'echi ya, Amy, Jessica, na David kpebisiri ike ịlanarị ihe ha nwere ma depụta ihe nke ahụ bụ, Crawford na Tom chọtara ọkpụkpụ nke otu n'ime ndị mpako ahụ merụrụ. Ụzọ Crawford na Tom na-ajụ oyi ma ọ na-ekwu na ha ga-agba ọsọ ma malite n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ echi, Tom ekwenyeghị. Amy si n'ụgbọala ahụ pụta, ebe ọ nụrụ ụgbọ ala Crawford, wee malite ịkpọ oku. Crawford na Tom na-agba ọsọ n'elu ugwu ahụ. Crawford na-eche na ihe dị njọ, mana Tom na-agba ọsọ n'ihu ya, ọdụm ikpeazụ ahụ wee chee ya ihu. Tupu ya egbuo ya, Crawford gbara ọdụm ahụ n'obi. Tom rutere n'ụgbọala, mana n'ụzọ ọ na-arịgo, ọdụm ahụ wakporo Crawford, gbuo ya ma rie ya. Tom na-agbada n'okpuru ụgbọ ala ma Amy na-emeghe tankị gas, na-agwa Tom, Jessica, na David ka ha gbaa ọsọ mgbe o kwuru ya. Amy dọtara uche ọdụm ahụ, ha wee gbaga n'osisi ka ọ na-awụli elu n'ụgbọala ma na-eti mkpu na ọrịa. Amy na-eji ọkụ ọkụ ya na-enwu ọkụ na-enwunye ákwà ma mee ka gwongworo ahụ gbawaa ma gbuo ọdụm ahụ na-eti mkpu na ihe mgbu na egwu. Tom kwenyere na Amy anwụọla, mana ọ pụtara n'akụkụ ọkụ ahụ, mgbe Jessica mechara kweta na Amy bụ nne ya, ha niile laghachiri n'ụgbọala Crawford iji laghachi n'ụlọ ahụ ka igwefoto na-elekwasị anya na ahịhịa savanna. == Ndị na-eme ihe nkiri == * Bridget Moynahan dị ka Amy Newman * Peter Weller dị ka Tom Newman * Carly Schroeder dị ka Jessica Newman * Jamie Bartlett dị ka Crawford * [[Conner Dowds]] dị ka David Newman * [[Marius Roberts]] dị ka Brian * Muso Sefatsa dị ka nwa nwanne * [[Tumisho K. Masha]] dị ka Ranger na ọdụ ụgbọ elu * [[Jacob Makgoba]] dị ka Onye Na-achụ nta == Mmepụta == Ihe nkiri a sitere n'ike mmụọ nsọ nke eziokwu akụkọ nke Tsavo Man-Eaters n'oge ọchịchị. E mere ya na Gauteng na Limpopo na South Africa. === Akara ụda === Akara ụda ahụ gụnyere Ron Brettel na "Awaken" na "Zulu Jive" nke Urban Rhythm Factory. Onye America na-ese ihe nkiri synth-pop Tony Humecke dere akara ahụ.   <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2022)">citation needed</span>]]''&#x5D;</sup> == Nnakwere == === Nzaghachi nkatọ === Paul A. Newman nke PNselling dere na nyocha ya: "Ihe nkiri ọjọọ, ihe ọjọọ nwere echiche dị mma. N'ezie, ana m arụrịta ụka na-agbanwe ihe nkiri ahụ ma gbanwee mkparịta ụka ahụ ma na-akpọ ya "Kpere, Ekpere, Pway" ma wepụta ya dị ka ihe ọchị n'ihi na ihe nkiri a dị nso n'ezie na ọ na-atọ ọchị" <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://pnselling.blogspot.com/2010/05/prey-2007-review.html|title=Prey|first=Paul A.|author=Newman|work=Pnselling|publisher=[[Blogger (service)|Blogger]]|date=15 May 2010|accessdate=13 July 2017}}</ref> === Ntọhapụ === Prey malitere na 3 Nọvemba 2006 dị ka akụkụ nke American Film Market. wepụtara ihe nkiri ahụ na DVD na 30 Jenụwarị 2007, site na The Weinstein Company. tọhapụrụ Prey na DVD na [[Obodo Békè|Europe]] na 10 Nọvemba 2007, site na Sony Pictures Home Entertainment . [1] == Edensibia == na nloghachi Cabot. Mgbe ọ gbaghaara mwakpo dị mkpirikpi nke ndị na-agba ohu, Cabot zutere Talena ma chọpụta na nna ya, Eze Marlenus, lụrụ nwanyị nwere oké ọchịchọ aha ya bụ Lara ugbu a. N'otu oriri n'abalị ahụ, Marlenus mara ọkwa na ọ ga-esi n'ocheeze na nloghachi Cabot. Mgbe ọ gbaghaara mwakpo dị mkpirikpi nke ndị na-agba ohu, Cabot zutere Talena ma chọpụta na nna ya, Eze Marlenus, lụrụ nwanyị nwere oké ọchịchọ aha ya bụ Lara ugbu a. N'otu oriri n'abalị ahụ, Marlenus mara ọkwa na ọ ga-esi n'ocheeze {{Reflist|30em}} == Njikọ mpụga == * {{IMDb title|0468536}} * Anụ E Ji AnụnaTomato rere ure [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] h16c77qj51skdft8zaty4z0xltoryp9 0 37015 727523 579963 2026-09-24T05:34:20Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727523 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|birth_place=Johannesburg|nationality=South African|alma_mater=Queensland University of Technology|occupation=Documentary filmmaker|yearsactive=1988- till present}} '''Cathy Henkel''' bụ onye na-eme ihe nkiri na South Africa nke bi ma na-arụ ọrụ na [[Ostraliya|Australia]]. Ọrụ ya na-elekwasịkarị anya n'ihe gbasara gburugburu ebe obibi, na n'ókè dị ala, nka ime ihe. == Ọrụ == Ọrụ ya na ihe nkiri na telivishọn na-ede, na-eduzi ma na-emepụta malitere na 1988. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=http://oustrup.com/cathy-henkel|title=Dr. Cathy Henkel – Movie Producer – The Burning Season|work=Qi open innovation network|accessdate=4 March 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402142140/http://oustrup.com/cathy-henkel|archivedate=2 April 2015}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://trove.nla.gov.au/work/8420361?q&versionId=9713935|title=Comics and candlewax : a play about war, and nine young people trying to survive / by Cathy Henkel.|accessdate=5 March 2015|work=Trove|publisher=National Library of Australia}}</ref> rụburu ọrụ dị ka onye nduzi nka maka ụlọ ọrụ ihe nkiri Australia, Shopfront Theater for Young People, nke o dekwara ma duzie ihe nkiri. <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article122367112|title=An insight into Greenpeace|date=1 July 1991|accessdate=5 March 2015|work=The Canberra Times}}</ref> nkiri mbụ <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://sa-staging.com/search-programs/program/?sn=3286|title=Heroes of our time|accessdate=4 March 2015|work=National Film & Sound Archive|archivedate=4 March 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304000013/http://sa-staging.com/search-programs/program/?sn=3286}}</ref> bụ Heroes of our time (1991) nyere anya mbụ n'ime [[Greenpeace]] n'oge otu n'ime mkpọsa 'omume ihu na ihu' ya na ụlọ ọrụ mmanụ Caltex. N'afọ 1992, Henkel zutere Jeff Canin n'ụsọ osimiri na Queensland ma ha ghọrọ ndị mmekọ na ndụ na ọrụ. Mgbe amuchara nwa ha nwanyị Sam Lara, ha guzobere Hatchling Productions na ebumnuche nke ịmepụta nsogbu mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya na ihe ngosi obodo. <ref name=":0"/> guzobekwara ụlọ ọrụ nhazi dijitalụ na mpaghara osimiri ugwu nke New South Wales. N'afọ 1999, Henkel dere ma duzie Walking Through a Minefield (1999) nke gosipụtara mgbochi nke Jabiluka uranium mine na Northern Territory nke Australia. SBS Independent, Australian Film Commission na New South Wales Film and Television Office kwadoro ihe nkiri ahụ. N'afọ 2003, Henkel dere ma duzie ihe ngosi TV mbụ ya maka Ụlọ Ọrụ Mgbasa Ozi Australia nke akpọrọ The man who stole my mother's face. ''Nwoke zuru ihu nne m. ''Ihe nkiri ahụ sochiri ọchụchọ Henkel maka ikpe ziri ezi maka nne ya mgbe mwakpo mmekọahụ na-awụ akpata oyi n'ahụ, <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt1340835/|title=The man who stole my mother's face (2003)|accessdate=4 March 2015|work=imdb.com}}</ref> ma nye ya Best Documentary na Tribeca Film Festival na New York na 2004. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.filmfestivals.com/blog/editor/tribeca_the_success_of_diversity?page=3|title=Tribeca – the Success of Diversity|date=17 May 2004|accessdate=4 March 2015|work=Filmfestivals.com|author=Mueller|first=Claus}}</ref> Henkel enyochawo isiokwu ndị na-agwakọta agwakọta nke mgbukpọ ọhịa na [[Okpomọkụ gburugburu ụwa|Mgbanwe ihu igwe]] na The Burning Season (2008) <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.abc.net.au/atthemovies/txt/s2603294.htm|title=The Burning Season|accessdate=4 March 2015|work=At the movies with Margaret & David|publisher=ABC|author=Pomeranz|first=Margaret|archive-date=2 April 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402135347/http://www.abc.net.au/atthemovies/txt/s2603294.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref> na Rise of the Eco-Warriors (2014). Henkel bụ onye edemede na onye nduzi nke ọrụ abụọ ahụ, nke gụnyere njem dị ukwuu na akwụkwọ nke osisi nkwụ na-agbasawanye nke Indonesia na mmetụta ha na mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya na gburugburu ebe obibi. Henkel gụsịrị Masters (2002) na PhD (2011) na Mahadum Teknụzụ nke Queensland . <ref name=":0"/> Ọ bụ ezie na ọtụtụ n'ime ihe nkiri Henkel enyochaala isiokwu nke ime ihe gbasara gburugburu ebe obibi, ndị ọzọ egosila mmasị ya maka nka okike. Ndị a gụnyere Show Me the Magic (2012) nke nyochara ndụ na ọrụ nke onye na-ese ihe nkiri Australia Don McAlpine na m gwara gị na m na-arịa ọrịa: The Life and Legacy of Spike Milligan (2005).&nbsp;&nbsp; Ihe nkiri Henkel enwetala onyinye IF abụọ maka Best Documentary. &nbsp;Ihe nrite onwe onye gụnyere ịbụ onye na-emepụta ihe nkiri SPAA nke Afọ na 2009, na-anata onyinye ACS na nhọpụta Emmy Award. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=http://screenforever.org.au/program/dr-cathy-henkel/|title=Cathy Henkel|accessdate=4 March 2015|work=Screen Forever|publisher=Screen Producers Association of Australia|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150321142554/http://screenforever.org.au/program/dr-cathy-henkel/|archivedate=21 March 2015}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ecu.edu.au/schools/communications-and-arts/staff/profiles/senior-lecturers/dr-cathy-henkel|title=Dr Cathy Henckel|accessdate=5 March 2015|work=Edith Cowan University|archivedate=14 May 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150514001032/http://www.ecu.edu.au/schools/communications-and-arts/staff/profiles/senior-lecturers/dr-cathy-henkel}}</ref>'afọ 2014, a họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ onye nduzi nke West Australian Screen Academy na Mahadum Edith Cowan . <ref name=":5">{{Cite web|url=http://www.ecu.edu.au/news/latest-news/2014/07/west-australian-screen-academy-welcomes-new-director|title=West Australian Screen Academy welcomes new Director|date=14 July 2014|accessdate=5 March 2015|work=Edith Cowan University|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402170729/http://www.ecu.edu.au/news/latest-news/2014/07/west-australian-screen-academy-welcomes-new-director|archivedate=2 April 2015}}</ref> <ref name=":1"/> <ref name=":0"/> biri ma rụọ ọrụ na Brisbane, Queensland, Australia ebe ọ na-elekọta ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe, Virgo Productions . [1] == Ọrụ mmalite == A mụrụ Henkel na Johannesburg, South Africa ma kwaga Australia mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na asatọ. Henkel kwuru na ihere na-eme ya maka ihe nketa ọcha nke South Africa, na-ezo aka na ya dị ka "na-eyi baajị nke onye mmegbu". <ref>{{Cite journal|url=https://www.questia.com/read/1G1-128792247/what-lies-beneath-cathy-henkel-s-the-man-who-stole|title=What Lies Beneath: Cathy Henkel's the Man Who Stole My Mother's Face Was Awarded the Best Documentary Film at the Prestigious Robert De Niro Tribeca Film Festival, Held in May in New York|author=Trbic|first=Boris|journal=Metro Magazine|accessdate=5 March 2015|issue=143|year=2005}}</ref> N'afọ 1978, Henkel kwagara Clunes wee gụọ akwụkwọ na Lismore's Northern Rivers College ka ọ bụrụ onye nkuzi. <ref name=":6">{{Cite news|url=http://www.northernstar.com.au/news/local-shocked-at-friend-rolf-harris/2307538/|title=Local shocked at 'friend' Rolf Harris|author=Stevens|first=Rodney|date=3 July 2014|accessdate=6 March 2015|work=Northern Star}}</ref> kwagara Sydney na 1982 mgbe ọ natasịrị ọrụ dị ka onye nduzi na Shopfront . [1] == Ikpe nke Rolf Harris == Henkel zutere onye na-eme ihe ntụrụndụ Rolf Harris na nwunye ya Alwen Hughes na họtel South Africa ebe Henkel bụ onye na-ere nri na mbido afọ 1970. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.abc.net.au/7.30/content/2014/s4037183.htm|title=A witness in the Rolf Harris trial changes her opinion|date=1 July 2014|accessdate=6 March 2015|work=7.30|publisher=ABC|author=Ferguson|first=Sarah}}</ref><ref name=":6"/> gbara ya ume ka ọ gaa Australia na ọbụbụenyi ha gafere ihe karịrị afọ iri anọ. <ref name=":2" />'afọ 2014, a kpọrọ Henkel ka ọ gbaa akaebe dị ka onye akaebe na ikpe Rolf Harris maka ebubo mwakpo mmekọahụ n'ọtụtụ ụmụaka. O n'amaghị ama mere ka Harris mara otu n'ime ndị ọ na-egbu, Tonya Lee dị afọ iri na atọ na 1986 mgbe Henkel bụ onye nduzi nka nke otu ihe nkiri Australia, Shopfront Theater for Young People, na njem na [[Obodoézè Nà Ofú|United Kingdom]]. Henkel chere na nwanne Harris na-enye ya nrụgide n'ọnụ iji gọnahụ ebubo mwakpo, mana ọ jụrụ, na-agba akaebe na ọ bụ ezie na ọ hụghị mmetọ ahụ n'onwe ya, ọnọdụ ahụ mere ka mmetọ nwee ike. <ref name=":2">{{Cite news|url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/2014-07-01/friend-tells-of-learning-rolf-harris-had-abused-13yo-girl/5564026|title=Rolf Harris guilty: Friend Cathy Henkel says speaking to victim Tonya Lee opened her eyes to entertainer's abuse|date=4 July 2014|work=7.30|accessdate=4 March 2015|publisher=ABC}}</ref> mara Rolf Harris ikpe na ebubo iri na abụọ nke mwakpo rụrụ arụ megide ụmụ agbọghọ anọ site na 1968 ruo 1986. [1] == ''Uto nke Ndị Agha Na-ahụ Maka Mpaghara'' == Dị ka Henkel si kwuo, Rise of the Eco-Warriors malitere site na oku ekwentị ọ natara site na Microsoft Partners in Learning. Site na mmekorita Virgo Productions na Microsoft, <ref name=":3" /> ọrụ ahụ ghọrọ ihe ọ kọwara dị ka "nke dị mma nke ukwuu ịbụ eziokwu" ka ọ lekwasịrị anya n'ịkwalite ụmụ akwụkwọ ụlọ akwụkwọ gburugburu ụwa. Henkel kọwara ebumnuche <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://oustrup.com/11ch|title=The Rise of Eco-Warrior|accessdate=4 March 2015|work=Qi open innovation network|author=Henckel|first=Cathy|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402160651/http://oustrup.com/11ch|archivedate=2 April 2015}}</ref> ime ụdị 3D nke Rise of the Eco-Warriors dị ka "akụkọ Avatar, mana nke dị adị", [1] ọ bụ ezie na ewepụtaghị ụdị 3D ya. Ọrụ ahụ wepụtara oku maka ndị na-eto eto ka ha nyochaa ihe nkiri ahụ na 2011, na ntinye na-emechi na 11 Eprel. N'ozuzu, ọrụ ahụ nwetara akwụkwọ 215 site na mba 26, ihe Henkel mechara kwuo na ọ bụ "ike Facebook". Ìgwè ndị <ref name=":3">{{Cite web|url=http://www.sbs.com.au/movies/article/2013/06/03/rise-eco-warriors-cathy-henkel-interview|title=Rise of the Eco-Warriors: Cathy Henkel interview|date=3 June 2013|accessdate=4 March 2015|work=SBS|author=Pfeiffer|first=Oliver}}</ref>-eto eto ahọpụtara ga-emesị nọrọ 100 ụbọchị n'ime ọhịa nke Borneo na ndị Dayaks, na-amụta banyere mgbasawanye nke ụlọ ọrụ [[Nmanu nri|mmanụ nkwụ]] na mmetụta ya na gburugburu ebe obibi na ọdịbendị. E guzobere ụlọ ọrụ ahụ na ịntanetị na https://web.archive.org/web/20150210135857/http://www.anactionmovie.com/ E debere ya na [[Wayback Machine]] na 2010 wee kwaga na http://ecowarriorsrise.com na 2013. == Onyinye == Cathy Henkel meriri ihe nrite nke Honorary Mention na 2010 Byron Bay International Film Festival. == Ndị na-arụkọ ọrụ == === Jeff Canin === Dị ka Henkel, Canin tolitere na South Africa. Ọ hapụrụ South Africa mgbe ọ dị afọ 20, na-agbanwe uche ya site na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị gaa na nsogbu gburugburu ebe obibi. Mgbe ọ na-erule afọ iri abụọ na anọ, ọ gụsịrị nzere Bachelor of Environmental Science na [[London]]. Ọ gbasoro mmasị ya maka mbe mmiri gaa n'ọrụ na Greenpeace dị ka International Sea Turtle Campaigner. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ n'ọkwa ahụ ruo afọ 7 + na London, [[Flórídạ|Florida]] na Amsterdam tupu ọ kwaga Australia ebe ọ malitere imepụta ihe nkiri.  N'afọ 1992, ha abụọ malitere Hatchling Films <ref name=":4">{{Cite web|url=http://www.abc.net.au/tv/layla/about.htm|title=Losing Layla – About|accessdate=5 March 2015|publisher=ABC}}</ref> wee gaa n'ihu wepụta Walking through a minefield (1999) nke sochiri nzaghachi nke ndị Australia na-emegide nuklia na atụmatụ maka igwu uranium na Jabiluka na Kakadu National Park. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://trove.nla.gov.au/work/35372195?q=Cathy+Henkel&c=music&versionId=43987046|title=Walking through a minefield / by Cathy Henkel and Jeff Canin.|accessdate=5 March 2015|work=Trove|publisher=National Library of Australia}}</ref> Njikọ ndị ọzọ gụnyere The Burning Season (2008), Agwara m gị na m na-arịa ọrịa: The Life and Legacy of Spike Milligan (2005), The man who stole my mother's face (2003) na ọtụtụ ihe nkiri ndị ọzọ. Canin bụbu onye nhazi nke Clunes Technology Centre . <ref name=":4" /> <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.theburningseasonmovie.com/behind-the-scenes/producers/jeff-canin--producer/p/119.html|title=Jeff Canin|accessdate=5 April 2015|work=The Burning Season|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304095551/http://www.theburningseasonmovie.com/behind-the-scenes/producers/jeff-canin--producer/p/119.html|archivedate=4 March 2016}}</ref> malitere ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe ọhụrụ akpọrọ Green Turtle Films wee malite ọrụ mbụ ya na-enweghị Henkel, ihe ngosi ogologo oge Two Degrees (2013). [1] === Ọdọ Mmiri Trish === Henkel esorowo onye na-emepụta ihe nkiri Trish Lake nke Freshwater Pictures rụkọọ ọrụ n'ọtụtụ ihe nkiri ya, gụnyere The Burning Season (2008), Show Me the Magic (2012) na Dance for Me (na mmepụta). <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.theburningseasonmovie.com/behind-the-scenes/producers/trish-lake--executive-producer/p/118.html|title=Trish Lake – Producer|accessdate=4 March 2015|work=The Burning Season|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304120409/http://www.theburningseasonmovie.com/behind-the-scenes/producers/trish-lake--executive-producer/p/118.html|archivedate=4 March 2016}}</ref> == Edensibia == <references /> {{DEFAULTSORT:Henkel, Cathy}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 6gb8qtcp9y9lvwtyldfovntmq1zr6bg 0 37026 727496 538960 2026-09-24T03:46:29Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727496 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|URL=http://www.braamjordaan.com/|image=Author Braam Jordaan with his children books.jpg|name=Braam Jordaan|birth_date=1981|nationality=South Africa|occupation=Onye ọchụnta ego onye na-eme ihe nkiri onye na-akwado Asụsụ Ogbi na ikike mmadụ nke ndị ntị chiri onye otu World Federation of the Deaf Youth Section}} '''Braam Jordaan''' (amụrụ n'afọ 1981) bụ onye ọchụnta ego South Africa, onye na-eme ihe nkiri, onye na'eme ihe nkiri na onye na-agba mbọ. <ref name="yahoo">{{Cite web|url=https://news.yahoo.com/outrage-over-sign-language-interpreter-madiba-memorial-082056835.html|first=Natalie|author=Simon|date=December 11, 2013|title=Outrage over sign language interpreter at Madiba Memorial|publisher=Yahoo News|accessdate=September 14, 2015}}</ref> bụ onye na-akwado Asụsụ Ogbi na ikike mmadụ nke ndị ntị chiri, yana onye otu World Federation of the Deaf Youth Section. <ref name="anime">{{Cite web|url=http://www.animationmagazine.net/internet/animated-dictionary-for-deaf-children-unveiled/|first=Tom|author=McLean|date=December 8, 2009|title=Animated dictionary for deaf children unveiled|publisher=Animation Magazine|accessdate=September 14, 2015}}</ref> <ref name="uni">{{Cite web|url=http://www.thisability.co.za/archives-article.php?id=239|date=September 23, 2014|title=Speaking out: Young voices on NCDs|publisher=UNICEF|accessdate=September 14, 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304071253/http://www.thisability.co.za/archives-article.php?id=239|archivedate=March 4, 2016}}</ref> N'afọ 2009, Jordaan sooro Canadian Cultural Society of the Deaf na Marblemedia rụkọọ ọrụ na akwụkwọ ọkọwa okwu ụmụaka mbụ nke American Sign Language, nke na-enye ụmụaka ntị chiri ohere ịchọ okwu n'asụsụ ASL ha na ibe Bekee. <ref name="anime" /> Akwụkwọ ọkọwa okwu ahụ <ref name="bbc">{{Cite web|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p01n9f1w|date=December 19, 2013|title=Transcript of Braam Jordaan Interview|publisher=BBC World News|accessdate=September 14, 2015}}</ref>-enye ohere ka ụmụaka ntị chiri na ndị nne na nna ha na-anụ ihe mụta asụsụ ndị ogbi ọnụ. <ref name="people">{{Cite web|url=http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20765098,00.html|first=Andrea|author=Billups|date=December 11, 2013|title=Mandela Memorial Deaf interpreter was a fake|publisher=People|accessdate=September 14, 2015|archive-date=March 4, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304101810/http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20765098,00.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> otu akụkọ mba ụwa gụnyere The Washington Times, ''BBC'', na magazin People gbara Jordaan ajụjụ ọnụ banyere [[Nelson Mandela]]">Ihe ihere onye ntụgharị asụsụ ndị ogbi n'oge ememe olili ozu nke Onye isi ala Nelson Mandela. <ref name="bbc"/> <ref name="wt">{{Cite web|url=http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2013/dec/11/mandela-service-sign-language-interpreter-he-made-/|author=Cheryl K. Chumley|date=December 11, 2013|title=Mandela service sign language interpreter: 'He made up his own signs'|publisher=The Washington Times|accessdate=September 14, 2015}}</ref> N'afọ 2014, Jordaan jikọtara aka na oge okpomọkụ mbụ nke Camp Mark Seven nke Deaf Film Camp n'ime egwu egwu Happy nke Pharrell Williams n'ime vidiyo egwu American Sign Language. <ref name="nbc">{{Cite web|url=http://www.nbcnews.com/pop-culture/lifestyle/25-most-inspirational-stories-year-n274941|first=Chris|author=Serico|date=December 25, 2014|title=The 25 most inspirational stories of the year|work=NBC News|accessdate=September 14, 2015}}</ref><ref name="people"/> họọrọ vidiyo egwu nke ụmụ akwụkwọ 24 niile mere dị ka otu n'ime NBC News 25 Most Inspirational Stories of the Year ma depụta ya dị ka otu na People's 2014 Internet Trends. N'afọ 2019, e nyere Jordaan Order of the Baobab (Grand Counsellor of the Baobaba) iji kwado mbọ ọ na-agba iji mee ka a mara mkpa asụsụ ndị ogbi dị na ikike mmadụ nke ndị mmadụ si n'obodo ndị ntị chiri gburugburu ụwa site na ihe nkiri na akwụkwọ ya mara mma. National Orders bụ onyinye kachasị elu ndị South Africa nwere ike ịnata. Onye isi ala <ref name="news24c">{{Cite web|url=https://www.news24.com/SouthAfrica/News/recipient-of-national-order-braam-jordaan-hopes-to-launch-a-video-interpreting-service-for-the-deaf-community-20190425|first=Canny|author=Maphanga|date=April 25, 2019|title=Recipient of National order, Braam Jordaan hopes to launch a video interpreting service for the deaf community|publisher=News 24|accessdate=June 17, 2019}}</ref>-enye iwu mba n'ahụ nwa amaala South Africa ma ọ bụ onye otu mba ụwa nke nyere aka mee ka South Africa bụrụ mba ọchịchị onye kwuo uche ya na nke na-aga nke ọma. Jordaan bụ onye natara Business na Vancouver Forty Under 40 maka 2020. Ihe nrite ndị <ref name="BIVAwards">{{Cite web|url=https://biv.com/article/2020/10/bivs-2020-forty-under-40-winners-announced|first=Kirk|author=LaPointe|date=October 30, 2020|title=BIV's 2020 Forty under 40 winners announced|publisher=Business in Vancouver|accessdate=November 14, 2020}}</ref> na-asọpụrụ ihe ndị na-eto eto ndị ọchụnta ego, ndị isi na ndị ọkachamara na-eme nke ọma na azụmaahịa, ikpe, idu ndú na onyinye obodo. <ref name="HVAA">{{Cite web|url=http://www.thepresidency.gov.za/speeches/closing-remarks-president-cyril-ramaphosa-presidential-working-group-disability-and-occasion-international-day-persons-disabilities|first=Cyril|author=Ramaphosa|date=December 3, 2020|title=Closing remarks by President Cyril Ramaphosa for the Presidential Working Group on Disability and on the occasion of the International Day of Persons with Disabilities|publisher=The Presidency, Republic of South Africa|accessdate=December 15, 2020|archivedate=November 1, 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20231101062448/https://www.thepresidency.gov.za/speeches/closing-remarks-president-cyril-ramaphosa-presidential-working-group-disability-and-occasion-international-day-persons-disabilities}}</ref>'afọ 2020, e nyere Jordaan Henry Viscardi Achievement Awards maka ịkwado agụmakwụkwọ ka mma n'etiti ndị ntị chiri, iji nweta nkwanye ùgwù zuru ụwa ọnụ maka enyemaka ya n'imeziwanye ndụ ndị nwere nkwarụ. == Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ == <ref name="TA">{{Cite web|url=http://www.thisability.co.za/archives-article.php?id=239|date=October 21, 2014|title=Star profile|publisher=This Ability|accessdate=September 16, 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304071253/http://www.thisability.co.za/archives-article.php?id=239|archivedate=March 4, 2016}}</ref> mụrụ Jordaan na Benoni, South Africa n'oge ịkpa ókè agbụrụ n'ezinụlọ ndị ntị chiri nke mechara kwaga [[Cape Town]], South Africa. <ref name="news24a">{{Cite web|url=http://www.news24.com/Entertainment/SouthAfrica/Capetonian-wins-TV-ad-award-20021122|date=November 25, 2002|title=Capetonian wins TV ad award|publisher=News 24 Archives|accessdate=September 16, 2015}}</ref> gara ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị na De La Bat School for the Deaf na Worcester . [1] N'oge ọ nọ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị, Jordaan sonyere na Law Commission Workshop na The Bastion na Newlands, Cape Town. Mgbe <ref name="SL1">{{Cite web|url=http://slfirst.co.uk/community/education/leading-and-pushing-for-change,-braam-jordaans-representation-promises-great-things/|first=Sarah|author=Lawrence|date=June 4, 2015|title=Leading and pushing for change, Braam Jordaan's representation promises great things|publisher=SL First Magazine|accessdate=September 21, 2015|archivedate=March 4, 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304071501/http://slfirst.co.uk/community/education/leading-and-pushing-for-change,-braam-jordaans-representation-promises-great-things/}}</ref> dị afọ iri na isii, ọ gara ogige ntorobịa ntị chiri nke mbụ na Durban, nke Wilma Newhoudt-Druchen duziri, nke mere ka a họpụta Jordaan ka ọ gaa National Youth Policy Commission na Midrand na 1998. <ref name="SL3">{{Cite web|url=http://slfirst.co.uk/community/deaf-life/braam-jordaan,-instrumental-deaf-film-producer-and-human-rights-ambassador|first=Sarah|author=Lawrence|date=April 8, 2015|title=Braam Jordaan, instrumental Deaf film producer and human rights ambassador|publisher=SL First Magazine|accessdate=September 16, 2015|archivedate=August 12, 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220812092408/http://slfirst.co.uk/community/deaf-life/braam-jordaan,-instrumental-deaf-film-producer-and-human-rights-ambassador}}</ref>'afọ 1998, ọ ghọrọ onye otu Council of Learners, na onye isi oche nke kansụl ahụ n'afọ 2000. == Ọrụ == Ọrụ Jordaan malitere <ref name="TA"/> Wicked Pixels, ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe, na-emepụta ihe nkiri na ihe nkiri maka mgbasa ozi TV, yana ndepụta ndị ahịa gụnyere BMW, Rabea Tea, Mitsubishi, Musica, [[Ebe Akụrụngwa Ụwa Nile Maka Okike|World Wildlife Fund]], American Eagle na Yardley. <ref name="news24a"/>'afọ 2002, Jordaan meriri onye ọhụrụ kachasị mma na onye kachasị mma na onyinye Vuka site n'ịmepụta mgbasa ozi mmegharị atọ gbasara mmata HIV / AIDS. <ref name="TA"/> mepụtara Sipho ọdụm, ihe nnọchianya nke XVI World Congress of the World Federation of the Deaf . [1] <ref name="SL3"/>'afọ 2010, Jordaan mepụtara ihe ngosi na ihe nkiri maka ihe nkiri dị mkpirikpi na-enweta ihe nrite na [./&#x3C;i&#x20;id= Gallaudet_University" id="mwZg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Gallaudet University">Mahadum Gallaudet] a na-akpọ Gallaudet, nke nwere ihe karịrị 140,000. Jordaan mepụtara ihe nkiri vidio nke gbatịrị mita <ref name="DN">{{Cite web|url=http://deafnation.com/blog/stunning-exhibition-of-2012-deafnation-world-expo/|date=2010|title=Stunning Exhibition of 2012 DeafNation World Expo|publisher=DeafNation|accessdate=September 16, 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150910191739/http://deafnation.com/blog/stunning-exhibition-of-2012-deafnation-world-expo/|archivedate=September 10, 2015}}</ref>,500 na DeafNation World Expo na 2012. [1] <ref name="DN2">{{Cite web|url=http://deafnation.com/dn360/dn-2012-inspirational-awards/|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140328034413/http://deafnation.com/dn360/dn-2012-inspirational-awards/|archivedate=2014-03-28|date=2012|title=DeafNation 2012 Inspirational Awards|publisher=DeafNation|accessdate=September 16, 2015}}</ref> nwetakwara ihe nrite DeafNation Inspiration Award for Visual Arts n'afọ ahụ. [[Usòrò:Honorable_Member_of_Disability_Rights_Parliament.jpg|thumb|Onye a na-akwanyere ùgwù nke Nzukọ Ndị Nwere Nkwarụ]] == Mmụta ndị ogbi na nkwado maka mmata == Jordaan ghọrọ onye nnọchi anya World Federation of the Deaf, otu mba ụwa na-anọchite anya nde mmadụ 70 ntị chiri n'ụwa niile, na World Federation of The Deaf Youth Section, ngalaba ndị ntorobịa n'okpuru World Federation of of the Deap . <ref name="wfd1">{{Cite web|url=http://www.wfdys.org/unicef-activate-talks-speaking-out-young-voices-on-non-communicable-diseases/|date=September 23, 2014|title=UNICEF Activate Talk - Speaking out: Young voices on non communicable diseases|publisher=World Federation of the Deaf Youth Section (WFDYS)|accessdate=September 15, 2015|archivedate=November 17, 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151117032830/http://www.wfdys.org/unicef-activate-talks-speaking-out-young-voices-on-non-communicable-diseases/}}</ref> <ref name="china">{{Cite web|url=http://www.chinadailyasia.com/life/2012-02/27/content_111731.html|first=Doug|author=Meigs|date=February 27, 2012|title=Beyond silent films|publisher=China Daily Asia|accessdate=September 15, 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305072347/http://www.chinadailyasia.com/life/2012-02/27/content_111731.html|archivedate=March 5, 2016}}</ref>'afọ 2012, n'oge [[Hong Kong]] International Deaf Film Festival, Jordaan rịọrọ gọọmentị Hong Kong maka mmepe nke usoro mmụta Asụsụ ndị ogbi kwesịrị ekwesị na maka nnweta nke ndị ntụgharị asụsụ ndị ogbe na mba ha. [1] <ref name="wfd2">{{Cite web|url=http://wfdeaf.org/news/wfd-and-wfyds-statement|date=September 23, 2014|title=WFD and WFDYS statement delivered by Braam Jordaan at the panel of Youth with Disabilities of the 7th Conference of States Parties to the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, 12 June 2014|publisher=World Federation of the Deaf|accessdate=September 15, 2015}}</ref>'afọ 2014, Jordaan wepụtara nkwupụta banyere ikike agụmakwụkwọ n'asụsụ ndị ogbi maka ndị ntorobịa ntị chiri na ụmụaka na ndị ntorobịa nwere nkwarụ nke Nzukọ nke asaa nke steeti ndị sonyere na Nkwekọrịta maka ikike nke ndị nwere nkwarụrụndụ. <ref name="news24b">{{Cite web|url=http://www.news24.com/MyNews24/Lets-Beard-Up-Braam-campaign-20150310|date=March 10, 2015|title=Let's "Beard Up Braam" campaign|publisher=News 24|accessdate=September 15, 2015}}</ref> na-arụkwa ọrụ na United Nations ma bụrụ onye otu Youth Council nke UNICEF Global Partnership on Children with Disabilities . [1] == Mgbasa ozi #WHccNow == <ref name="whitehouse">{{Cite web|url=http://www.iol.co.za/news/politics/people-with-disabilities-have-rights-1.1954088|author=Jabulile S. Ngwenya|date=December 2, 2015|title=People with disabilities have rights|publisher=African News Agency|accessdate=January 31, 2016}}</ref> malitere mkpọsa mgbasa ozi mmekọrịta gburugburu hashtag #WHccNow iji kwado White House iji melite ohere maka Ndị ntị chiri na ndị na-anụ ihe na gọọmentị. Enweghị ederede mechiri emechi na vidiyo sitere na White House, a na-ewepu ndị ntị chiri na ndị na-anụ ihe. Hashtag <ref name="whitehouse2">{{Cite web|url=http://www.3playmedia.com/2015/12/31/whccnow-campaign-succeeds-in-getting-closed-captions-on-white-house-video/|first=Emily|author=Griffin|date=December 31, 2015|title=#WHCCNOW campaign succeeds in getting closed captions on White House video|publisher=3PlayMedia|accessdate=January 31, 2016|archivedate=April 6, 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160406165959/http://www.3playmedia.com/2015/12/31/whccnow-campaign-succeeds-in-getting-closed-captions-on-white-house-video/}}</ref>-anọchite anya 'White House mechiri ugbu a,' ọ na-emekarị na ndị na-akwado nnweta Twitter. White House zaghachiri site na vidiyo nke State of the Union na ederede mepere emepe nke edepụtara na mgbasa ozi mmekọrịta na onye ndụmọdụ pụrụ iche nke Ngalaba Na-ahụ Maka Ikike Ndị Nwere Nkwarụ nke Mba Nile, Judith Heumann kwupụtara na White House meghere ọnọdụ onye ọrụ nnweta iji duzie mbọ itinye aka. == Edensibia == mechiri ugbu a,' ọ na-emekarị na ndị na-akwado nnweta Twitter. White House zaghachiri site na vidiyo nke State of the Union na ederede mepere emepe nke edepụtara na mgbasa ozi mmekọrịta na onye ndụmọdụ pụrụ iche nkemechiri ugbu a,' ọ na-emekarị na ndị na-akwado nnweta Twitter. White House zaghachiri site na vidiyo nke State of the Union na ederede mepere emepe nke edepụtara na mgbasa ozi mmekọrịta na onye ndụmọdụ pụrụ iche nke {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] {{DEFAULTSORT:Jordan, Braam}} ewoks5yux5iyklq11ng3cy35hkp5gek 0 37250 727506 151860 2026-09-24T04:23:16Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727506 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}Buried Alive (nke a makwaara dị ka Edgar Allan Poe's Buried Alibe) bụ Ihe nkiri egwu nke 1990, nke Gérard Kikoïne duziri ma dabere na ọrụ Edgar Allan Poe. Ndị na-eme ya bụ Robert Vaughn, Donald Pleasence na John Carradine. Ihe nkiri a bụ otu n'ime ọrụ mbụ Nia Long rụrụ. Ihe odide ahụ dabeere na ọrụ Edgar Allan Poe. Ihe nkiri a na-egosi na a raara arụmọrụ ikpeazụ nke Carradine nye ncheta ya. == Atụmatụ == Na Ravenscroft Institute, ụlọ akwụkwọ ụmụ nwanyị niile maka Ndị omempụ na-eto eto, ọtụtụ ụmụ agbọghọ na-efu efu ka otu nwoke na-eyi ihe nkpuchi Ronald Reagan wakporo ha, onye na-adọkpụ ha n'okpuru ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ ma na-etinye ha n'ime ụlọ gbara ọchịchịrị iji nwụọ ọnwụ na-egbu egbu site n'ili. Janet, onye nkuzi ọhụrụ, rutere n'ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ wee bụrụ onye ogbugbu ahụ lekwasịrị anya. == Ndị na-eme ihe nkiri == * Robert Vaughn dị ka Gary Julian * Donald Pleasence dị ka Dr. Schaeffer * Karen Witter dị ka Janet * John Carradine dị ka Jekọb * Ginger Lynn Allen dị ka Debbie (dị ka Ginger Allen) * Nia Long dị ka "Mkpịsị aka" * [[Arnold Vosloo]] dị ka Ken Wade == Mmepụta == Buried Alive bụ ihe nkiri ikpeazụ nke John Carradine, onye nwụrụ na 1988. [1] E mere ihe nkiri ahụ na mba [[Botswana]] na South Africa. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/title/451332/buried-alive#overview|title=''Buried Alive'' (1990) - Turner Classic Movies|work=Turner Classic Movies|accessdate=May 15, 2022|archive-date=September 28, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210928084702/https://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/title/451332/buried-alive#overview|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Ntọhapụ == [1] ka ihe atọ ndị ọzọ Harry Alan Towers mepụtara nke Poe kpaliri, a tọhapụrụ Buried Alive ozugbo na vidiyo na United States. Na Machị 15, 2011, MGM wepụtara ihe nkiri ahụ na DVD-R site na mmemme MGM Limited Edition. == Nnakwere == [1]'ime nyocha nke oge a, Variety kọwara ihe nkiri ahụ dị ka ịnyagharị site na ọtụtụ isiokwu nke Edgar Allan Poe na "nsonaazụ siri ike". Nnyocha ahụ kwuru na akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ihe nkiri ahụ bụ ihe nkiri ikpeazụ nke gosipụtara Carradine, mana o kwuru na ọ na-akụda mmụọ dịka "e nwere naanị sekọnd ole na ole nke ihe nkiri Carradine na-edoghị anya". [1] Nnyocha yango kwuru na ndị na-ege ntị nwere ike inwe nkụda mmụọ na Karen Witter ka na-eyi uwe n'ime ihe nkiri ahụ, ebe ọ na-ekwu na onye na-eme ihe nkiri na-akpali agụụ mmekọahụ Ginger Lynn "nwere otu n'ime ọrụ ya kachasị mma dị ka onye mkpọrọ siri ike na-ekwu okwu nke gosipụtara na ọ bụ ezigbo onye na-eti mkpu". == Edensibia == === Ihe edeturu n'okpuru ala === gosipụtara Carradine, mana o kwuru na ọ na-akụda mmụọ dịka "e nwere naanị sekọnd ole na ole nke ihe nkiri Carradine na-edoghị anya". [1] Nnyocha{{Reflist|30em}} === Ebe e si nweta ya ===   == Njikọ mpụga == * {{IMDb title|0099187|Buried Alive}} * E liri ya na ndụnaTomato rere ure * E liri ya na ndụnaAllMovie {{Harry Alan Towers}} d3n72bo0opr8efoljikr4xt9o8pjagw 0 37536 727576 720807 2026-09-24T09:45:57Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727576 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Daniel Danis''' (amụrụ n'afọ 1986) bụ onye nduzi ihe nkiri na onye na-eme ihe nkiri na redio na South Sudan. == Akụkọ ndụ == Danis <ref>{{Cite news|author=Iob|first=Emilie|title=South Sudanese Journalists Put Tribal Divisions Aside|url=https://www.voanews.com/africa/south-sudanese-journalists-put-tribal-divisions-aside|accessdate=26 October 2020|work=[[Voice of America News]]|date=28 January 2014|archive-date=27 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201027122005/https://www.voanews.com/africa/south-sudanese-journalists-put-tribal-divisions-aside|url-status=dead}}</ref> ọkara Dinka na ọkara Nuer. A mụrụ ya n'ebe bụ South Sudan ugbu a mana ọ gbagara Kenya mgbe ọ dị afọ asaa n'ihi Agha Obodo Sudan nke Abụọ. Ọ gara biri na Ogige Ndị Gbara Ọsọ Ndụ Kakuma na Kenya. N'afọ 2000, mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na anọ, Danis nyere aka chọta ụlọ ọrụ Woyee Film and Theatre Industry iji mee ihe nkiri iji nọgide na-arụsi ọrụ ike n'ogige ahụ. Ìgwè ahụ dere ma mee ihe nkiri na isiokwu ndị gwara ndị gbara ọsọ ndụ okwu dị ka HIV, ime ihe ike n'ụlọ na ikike ụmụ nwanyị. Ọ dọtara uche site n'aka òtù ndị na-abụghị gọọmentị, nke goro Woyee ime ihe nkiri nkuzi dị mkpirikpi, Danis mụtakwara ime ihe nkiri site na FilmAid International. Mgbe agha ahụ kwụsịrị <ref name="copnall">{{Cite news|author=Copnall|first=James|title=Creating a film industry in South Sudan from scratch|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-16319572|accessdate=26 October 2020|work=[[BBC News]]|date=27 December 2011}}</ref> 2005, otu ahụ gara n'ihu na-eto ma nweta ọfịs na Juba. Danis na ndị ọzọ tinyere ego ha nwetara site n'ime ihe nkiri maka ụlọ ọrụ UN ịzụta igwefoto na idezi ngwanrọ. <ref name="poisonous">{{Cite book|author=Copnall|first=James|title=A Poisonous Thorn in Our Hearts: Sudan and South Sudan's Bitter and Incomplete Divorce|url=https://archive.org/details/poisonousthornin0000copn|date=2014|publisher=Hurst|isbn=978-1849044936}}</ref> otu Woyee gbanwere ọrụ ndị isi nke onye nduzi, onye na-ese foto, ndị na-eme ihe nkiri, na ndị ọrụ n'etiti ndị otu dị iche iche. N'afọ 2011, Danis duziri ihe nkiri mbụ na South Sudan, ''Jamila'' . <ref name="poisonous" /> ahụ metụtara nwa agbọghọ, enyi ya nwoke, na nwoke meworo okenye nwere mmasị n'ebe ọ nọ. N'ihi na e bibiri naanị sinima dị na South Sudan, e gosipụtara ya n'ụlọ ọrụ ọdịnala dị n'ógbè ahụ. <ref name="copnall" /> natara nnabata ịnụ ọkụ n'obi site n'aka ihe karịrị mmadụ 500 ndị bịara n'ụbọchị mbụ, ọtụtụ n'ime ha enweghị ike ikwere na ọ bụ South Sudanese ma jiri ya tụnyere [[Nollywood]]. <ref name="poisonous" />'afọ 2012, Danis nyere aka malite mmemme ihe nkiri mbụ na South Sudan. <ref>{{Cite news|title="Woyee!" South Sudanese Drama Festival Helps Promote Peace|url=https://internews.org/updates/woyee-south-sudanese-drama-festival-helps-promote-peace|accessdate=26 October 2020|work=Internews|date=21 December 2015|archive-date=27 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201027122029/https://internews.org/updates/woyee-south-sudanese-drama-festival-helps-promote-peace|url-status=dead}}</ref> ọ na-erule n'afọ 2015, ọ dọtara ihe karịrị ụmụ akwụkwọ 5,000, ndị na-ege ntị, na ndị sonyere. Danis bụkwa onye <ref>{{Cite web|title=Interview With Daniel Danis of Eye Radio|url=https://2009-2017.state.gov/secretary/remarks/2016/08/261199.htm|work=[[United States Department of State]]|accessdate=26 October 2020|date=22 August 2016}}</ref>-eme ihe ngosi redio na Eye Radio na Nairobi, ma gbaa ndị ama ama ajụjụ ọnụ dị ka onye bụbu odeakwụkwọ nke US John Kerry. N'afọ 2017, Danis meghere ụlọ ndekọ na Kampala. O kenyere onye na-agụ egwu S-Bizzy ka ọ bụrụ onye njikwa ụlọ ọrụ. <ref>{{Cite news|title=Daniel Danis to open recording studio in Kampala|url=https://hotinjuba.com/daniel-danis-open-recording-studio-kampala/|accessdate=26 October 2020|work=Hot in Juba|date=12 April 2017}}</ref> maara dị ka Jam Records, ụlọ ọrụ ahụ na-achọ ịkwalite ọrụ nke ndị na-ese ihe na South Sudan na-ebi na Uganda. == Edensibia == dị na South Sudan, e gosipụtara ya n'ụlọ ọrụ ọdịnala dị n'ógbè ahụ. natara nnabata ịnụ ọkụ n'obi site n'aka ihe karịrị mmadụ{{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * [https://eyeradio.org/author/danis/ Daniel Danis, onye edemede na Eye Radio] {{DEFAULTSORT:Danis, Daniel}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] az7ol72imlrm7fkc54vubyjarx1aoxq 0 38274 727462 720439 2026-09-24T02:05:30Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727462 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Ben Cashdan''' bụ onye na-eme ihe nkiri na onye na-eme ihe onyonyo na South Africa. Ọrụ ya na-anya- anya na mgba maka ziri ezi na-elekọta mmadụ na Africa na n'ebe ndị ọzọ, na nda nke atumatu akụ na nna nke ahuhu na iji ụwa ọnụ na ndị ogbenye. Cashdan bụ onye South Africa maka akwụkwọ akụkọ Harry Belafonte Sing Your Song . Cashdan akwụkwọ ndị a nọ nke ukwu ụwa na BBC World News . Ọ izi ma polis oge mbụ nke South2North, ihe ngosi okwu okpukpe mbụ mbụ nke a ga-achọ na Africa maka mgbasa ozi zuru ụwa ọnụ. South2North na-agbasa na Al Jazeera bekee . Na Disemba 2013 Cashdan weputara ihe omume nke oge ozi BBC na South Africa mgbe Mandela ikpe. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Question Time to broadcast from South Africa|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/mediacentre/latestnews/2013/question-time-south-africa.html|publisher=BBC|access-date=2024-03-08|archive-date=2018-11-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181119022144/https://www.bbc.co.uk/mediacentre/latestnews/2013/question-time-south-africa.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=Question Time|url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt3405254/?ref_=asrtt_sr_tt|publisher=IMDB}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=Two Trevors go to Washington|url=http://vc.lib.harvard.edu/vc/deliver/~hclabib/008797683|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20140224231659/http://vc.lib.harvard.edu/vc/deliver/~hclabib/008797683|archivedate=2014-02-24|publisher=Harvard University Library}}</ref> Cashdan's njikọ akwụkwọ "Two Trevors Go To Washington", anya satirical na echiche abụọ dị iche iche gbasara ijikọ ụwa ọnụ nke a na-ahụ n'anya onye minista ego South Africa Trevor Manuel na onye na-akwado ikpe ziri ezi nke ezi nke ọma. Soweto Trevor Ngwane. Adịla "Two Trevors" n'asụsụ 5 ma mmemme na ndị mgbasa ozi gburugburu ụwa. <ref>{{Cite news|title=The Two Trevors Go to Washington|url=http://www.washingtoncitypaper.com/articles/22257/the-two-trevors-go-to-washington|work=Washington City Paper}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|title=Economy – South Africa: A Tale of Two Trevors|url=http://www.ipsnews.net/2000/06/economy-south-africa-a-tale-of-two-trevors/|work=Inter Press Service}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=Embraced by Brazil and shunned by Switzerland: the story of the two trevors|url=http://www.pambazuka.org/en/category/education/13176|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20140224231647/http://www.pambazuka.org/en/category/education/13176|archivedate=2014-02-24|publisher=Pambazuka News}}</ref> Na 2005 Cashdan wepụtara akwụkwọ akụkọ ndụ gbasara onye isi ala South Africa mbụ Thabo Mbeki, nke akpọrọ "Enweghị ikike: Mbeki". Ụlọ ọrụ mgbasa ozi South Africa wepụrụ ihe nkiri ahụ na 14 June 2006 awa ole na ole tupu e mee ya ka ọ gbasaa, na-eduga n'ebubo megide SABC maka nyocha echiche nke na-akatọ gọọmentị. <ref>{{Cite news|title=State television channel cancels critical Mbeki documentary|url=https://www.theguardian.com/media/2006/jun/15/southafrica.television|work=The Guardian}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|title='No one must see Mbeki film' - SABC|url=http://www.sowetanlive.co.za/sowetan/archive/2007/07/12/no-one-must-see-mbeki-film_--sabc|work=Sowetan|accessdate=2014-02-24|archive-date=2015-09-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924120111/http://www.sowetanlive.co.za/sowetan/archive/2007/07/12/no-one-must-see-mbeki-film_--sabc|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|title=SABC gags Mbeki 'unauthorised' documentary|url=http://www.iol.co.za/news/politics/sabc-gags-mbeki-unauthorised-documentary-1.281142|work=Independent Online}}</ref> Ịzaghachi nrụgide ọha na eze gosipụtara akwụkwọ akụkọ SABC na 2007. <ref>{{Cite news|title=SABC insists Mbeki doccie will finally be aired|url=http://mg.co.za/article/2007-09-26-sabc-insists-mbeki-doccie-will-finally-be-aired|work=Mail & Guardian}}</ref> N'ọnwa Disemba 2013, ndị SABC wepụrụ ihe ngosi TV nke Cashdan's Big Debate na nkeji ikpeazụ, na-eduga ọzọ na ebubo nyocha. <ref>{{Cite news|title=Canning of The Big Debate: R2K suspects political interference|url=http://www.citypress.co.za/news/canning-big-debate-r2k-suspects-political-interference/|work=City Press}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|title=Right2Know Campaign protests against ‘rampant censorship’ at SABC|url=http://www.bdlive.co.za/national/media/2013/10/24/right2know-campaign-protests-against-rampant-censorship-at-sabc|publisher=Business Day}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=No big debate: the SABC, censorship, and more censorship on Media Freedom Day|url=http://www.dailymaverick.co.za/opinionista/2013-10-22-no-big-debate-the-sabc-censorship-and-more-censorship-on-media-freedom-day/|publisher=Daily Maverick}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=State Censorship by the SABC: Cancellation of The Big Debate|url=http://fxi.org.za/home/2013/10/18/state-censorship-by-the-sabc-cancellation-of-the-big-debate/|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131123233851/http://fxi.org.za/home/2013/10/18/state-censorship-by-the-sabc-cancellation-of-the-big-debate/|archivedate=November 23, 2013|publisher=FXI}}</ref> Nnukwu arụmụka ahụ kwagara ndị mgbasa ozi nọọrọ onwe ha e News Channel Africa (eNCA) na e.tv. == Edensibia == {{Reflist|2}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cashdan, Ben}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 9t12qoxoi7ks7q4zvhpqimp36ine5e7 0 38328 727498 539416 2026-09-24T03:48:55Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 3 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727498 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Reflist}}{{Databox}}   Prof. '''Branwen Kiemute Okpako''' (amuru 25 February 1969), bu onye [[Naijiria]] amuru na Welsh German onye na-ese ihe nkiri . <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ballhausnaunynstrasse.de/person/branwen_okpako/|title=Filmmaker Branwen Okpako|publisher=ballhausnaunynstrasse|accessdate=12 October 2020}}</ref> Ọ bụ onye a ma ama dị ka onye nduzi nke ihe nkiri ndị a na-asọpụrụ nke ọma ''The Education of Auma Obama'', ''Dirt for Dinner'' and ''Landing'' . Ewezuga ntụziaka, ọ bụkwa onye edemede, onye na-emepụta ihe, onye na-ese ihe nkiri, onye nchịkọta ihe nkiri nakwa onye nkuzi. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.berlinale.de/en/archive/jahresarchive/2014/02_programm_2014/02_filmdatenblatt_2014_20147520.html#tab=filmStills|title=Fluch der Medea|publisher=berlinale|accessdate=12 October 2020}}</ref> == Ndụ onwe onye == A mụrụ ya na 25 February 1969 na [[Lagos]], Nigeria. <ref name="berlinale">{{Cite web|url=https://www.berlinale.de/en/archive/jahresarchive/2014/02_programm_2014/02_filmdatenblatt_2014_20147520.html#tab=filmStills|title=Fluch der Medea|publisher=berlinale|accessdate=12 October 2020}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://www.berlinale.de/en/archive/jahresarchive/2014/02_programm_2014/02_filmdatenblatt_2014_20147520.html#tab=filmStills "Fluch der Medea"]. berlinale<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 October</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> Mgbe ọ dị afọ 16, ọ kwagara Wales . <ref name="okpako">{{Cite web|url=https://ballhausnaunynstrasse.de/person/branwen_okpako/|title=Filmmaker Branwen Okpako|publisher=ballhausnaunynstrasse|accessdate=12 October 2020}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://ballhausnaunynstrasse.de/person/branwen_okpako/ "Filmmaker Branwen Okpako"]. ballhausnaunynstrasse<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 October</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> Na 1991, Okpako nwetara B.Sc. na sayensị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị sitere na Mahadum Bristol, England ma mesịa soro usoro MFA kwekọrọ na ntụzịaka ihe nkiri sitere na German Film and Television Academy Berlin GmbH, Berlin (DFFB) na 1999. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://arts.ucdavis.edu/faculty-profile/branwen-okpako|title=Branwen Okpako: Associate Professor of Cinema and Digital Media|publisher=University of California, Davis|accessdate=12 October 2020|archive-date=15 November 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211115130922/https://arts.ucdavis.edu/faculty-profile/branwen-okpako|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Ọrụ == Mgbe ọ nọ n'afọ ikpeazụ nke DFFB, o wepụtara obere ihe nkiri nwa agbọghọ ya ''bụ Dreckfresser'' na 2000. <ref name="berlinale"/> Ihe nkiri ahụ lekwasịrị anya banyere onye uwe ojii ojii mbụ na East Germany. Ihe nkiri ahụ meriri ọtụtụ ihe nrite mba ụwa gụnyere Nzọụkwụ mbụ: Award German Newcomer for Documentary Film 2000, IG Media Award na Dok Leipzig na 2000, Nrite nkesa sitere na Sales 2000. Ọ nwetakwara ihe nrite ihe nkiri ọhụụ kacha mma na 24th Duisburg Film Week. Na 2001, ihe nkiri ahụ na-asọpụrụ Bavarian State Government Documentary Award "The Young Lion" na dị ka ihe nkiri ngụsị akwụkwọ kacha mma na Lee Docs Dubrovnik ememme. <ref name="usdavis">{{Cite web|url=https://arts.ucdavis.edu/faculty-profile/branwen-okpako|title=Branwen Okpako: Associate Professor of Cinema and Digital Media|publisher=University of California, Davis|accessdate=12 October 2020|archive-date=15 November 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211115130922/https://arts.ucdavis.edu/faculty-profile/branwen-okpako|url-status=dead}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://web.archive.org/web/20211115130922/https://arts.ucdavis.edu/faculty-profile/branwen-okpako "Branwen Okpako: Associate Professor of Cinema and Digital Media"]. University of California, Davis<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 October</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://africasacountry.com/2015/01/5-questions-for-a-filmmaker-branwen-okpako|title=5 Questions for Filmmaker Branwen Okpako|publisher=africasacountry|accessdate=12 October 2020}}</ref> Na 2003, o mere atụmatụ akụkọ ifo ''Tal der Ahnungslosen'' . Ihe nkiri a nwere ihe ngosi ụwa ya na Toronto International Film Festival n'otu afọ wee tinye ya na asọmpi ihe nkiri na [[Panafrican Film and Television Festival of Ouagadougou]] (FESPACO) na 2005. Site na ihe ịga nke ọma nke ihe nkiri abụọ mbụ, o mere ihe nkiri akwụkwọ akụkọ ''Die Geschichte der Auma Obama'' na 2011, bụ ebe ihe nkiri ahụ nwetara Award Viewers Choice Award na Africa International Film Festival . <ref name="africasacountry">{{Cite web|url=https://africasacountry.com/2015/01/5-questions-for-a-filmmaker-branwen-okpako|title=5 Questions for Filmmaker Branwen Okpako|publisher=africasacountry|accessdate=12 October 2020}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://africasacountry.com/2015/01/5-questions-for-a-filmmaker-branwen-okpako "5 Questions for Filmmaker Branwen Okpako"]. africasacountry<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 October</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> Ihe nkiri a dabere na mmalite ndụ onye isi ala US [[Barack Obama]], ebe Okpako bụ ezigbo enyi nwanne nwanne Barack [[Auma Obama]] . <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://muse.jhu.edu/article/492644/pdf|title=The Hybrid Approach: An Interview with the Filmmaker Branwen Okpako|publisher=Women in German Yearbook: Feminist Studies in German Literature & Culture|accessdate=12 October 2020}}</ref> N'afọ 2012, ihe nkiri ahụ nwetara onyinye nturu ugo Africa Movie Academy Awards maka akwụkwọ akụkọ kacha mma nakwa ihe nrite Ememe Founders Award for Best Documentary na Pan African Film Festival na Los Angeles. <ref name="usdavis"/> N'afọ 2014, Okpako mere ihe nkiri Documentary-drama ''Fluch der Medea'' . Ihe nkiri ahụ lekwasịrị anya banyere ndụ onye edemede German nwụrụ anwụ Christa Wolf . Ihe nkiri ahụ mere onye isi na Berlin International Film Festival n'otu afọ ahụ. <ref name="usdavis"/> Okpako mekwara ọtụtụ ihe nkiri dị ka, ''Schwarz Tragen'' (2013), ''Maggie Burns'' (2009), ''Scramble Quiz Video'' (2008), ''Das Siningende Kamel'' (2007), ''Bloodknot'' (2007), na ''Seh ich bụ, bụ Du nicht siehst'' ( 2002). <ref name="berlinale"/> Ewezuga sinima, Okpako bụ Prọfesọ Associate na Department of Cinema and Digital Media na Mahadum California, Davis . <ref name="usdavis"/> <ref name="africasacountry"/> == Ihe nkiri == {| class="wikitable" !Afọ ! Ihe nkiri ! Ọrụ ! Ụdị ! Ref. |- | 1995 | ''Vorspiel'' | Onye nduzi, onye edemede, onye nchịkọta akụkọ, onye mmepụta ihe | Ihe nkiri | |- | 1997 | ''Ndadata'' | Onye nduzi, onye edemede, onye nchịkọta akụkọ, onye mmepụta ihe | Ihe nkiri | |- | 1998 | ''Na-achọ Taid'' | Onye nduzi, onye edemede | Ihe nkiri | |- | 1999 | ''LovehụnanyaLiebe'' | Onye nduzi, onye edemede | Ihe nkiri | |- | 2000 | ''Dreckfresser'' (Unyi maka nri abalị) | Onye nduzi, onye edemede, onye mmepụta ihe | Ihe nkiri ihe nkiri TV | <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://calendar.oberlin.edu/event/dreckfresser_dirt_for_dinner_-_film_screening_and_qa_with_director_branwen_okpako|title=Dreckfresser / Dirt for Dinner - Film Screening and Q&A with director Branwen Okpako|publisher=oberlin|accessdate=12 October 2020}}</ref> |- | 2003 | ''Tal der Ahnungslosen'' (Ndagwurugwu nke Innocent) | Onye nduzi, onye edemede | Akwụkwọ akụkọ | |- | 2011 | ''Die Geschichte der Auma Obama'' (Nkụzi nke Auma Obama) | Onye nduzi, onye edemede, onye nchịkọta akụkọ, onye mmepụta ihe | Akwụkwọ akụkọ | <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://oberlinreview.org/tag/branwen-okpako/|title=Writer-in-Residence Tackles African Diaspora, German Identity Through Film|publisher=The Oberlin Review|accessdate=12 October 2020}}</ref> |- | 2014 | ''Fluch der Medea'' (ọbụbụ ọnụ nke Medea) | Onye nduzi, onye edemede, onye nchịkọta akụkọ, onye na-ese ihe nkiri | Ihe nkiri | |- | TBD | ''Akụkọ ifo aka ike'' | Onye na-eme ihe nkiri: Blue (olu) | Ihe nkiri | |} == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * {{IMDb name|0645701}} * [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/259736106_The_Hybrid_Approach_An_Interview_with_the_Filmmaker_Branwen_Okpako The Hybrid Approach: An Interview with the Filmmaker Branwen Okpako] * [https://lotaboutpay14.live/?t=main7d Branwen Okpako] [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] {{DEFAULTSORT:Okpako, Branwen}} eru1ttcl2z8ndwhetm8xk2htj5hwcw5 0 38599 727582 621629 2026-09-24T10:45:12Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 3 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727582 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Davina Oriakhi''' bụ onye na-agụ egwu, onye na-ede egwu na onye na-uri na Naijiria nke bi na London. E nyere ya ihe nrite Nhọrọ Nwanyị nka na Nhọrọ nhọrọ ndị ntorobịa Naijiria na 2016. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Full List Of Winners at Nigerian Teen Choice Awards 2016|url=http://www.evatese.com/full-list-winners-nigerian-teen-choice-awards-2016/|work=Evatese|accessdate=6 June 2018|archive-date=12 June 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612141241/http://www.evatese.com/full-list-winners-nigerian-teen-choice-awards-2016/|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Oge ọ malitere == A mụrụ Davina Oriakhi na [[London|London, England]] nye nne na nna Naijiria mana a zụlitere ya n'ọtụtụ oge ndụ ya na [[Abuja]], Naijiria. Ọ bụ nwa afọ nke [[Edo people|Ndị Bini]] nke [[Naijiria|Naịjirịa]]. Davina Oriakhi gara ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị na CherryField College, wee nweta nzere bachelọ na ndekọ ego na Mahadum Covenant. O mechara nweta nzere masta na mgbasa ozi na nkwukọrịta na Mahadum City nke London . <ref>{{Cite web|title=Davina Oriakhi|url=https://contactout.com/Davina-Oriakhi-3622157|accessdate=7 June 2018}}</ref> == Ọrụ egwu == === 2014 === Davina Oriakhi wepụtara otu mbụ ya, Ọdịnaya. Ọ wepụtara vidiyo collage nke otu ahụ n'otu afọ ahụ. === 2017 === N'afọ 2017, Davina Oriakhi wepụtara egwu atọ: Silence (Father Have Mercy) <ref>{{Cite web|title=Davina Oriakhi – 'Silence (Father have mercy)'|url=http://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/music/davina-oriakhi-silence-father-have-mercy-id6542270.html|work=Pulse Nigeria|publisher=Abiola Solanke|accessdate=7 June 2018|archivedate=12 June 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612141025/http://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/music/davina-oriakhi-silence-father-have-mercy-id6542270.html}}</ref> n'ọnwa Eprel, F.S.L.S <ref>{{Cite web|title=Emerging Artiste, Davina Oriakhi Drops Her Second Single This Year "F.S.L.S."|url=http://peoplespostng.com/news/2017/05/emerging-artiste-davina-oriakhi-drops-her-second-single-this-year-f-s-l-s/|work=Peoples Post Nigeria|accessdate=7 June 2018|archivedate=12 June 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612142454/http://peoplespostng.com/news/2017/05/emerging-artiste-davina-oriakhi-drops-her-second-single-this-year-f-s-l-s/}}</ref> na Mee na ''Juju'' <ref>{{Cite web|title=Listen to Juju, The Final Single Off Davina Oriakhi's Forthcoming Debut LP|url=http://culturecustodian.com/davina-oriakhi-juju/|work=Culture Custodian|publisher=Simi Badiru|accessdate=7 June 2018}}</ref> na June nke dugara na ntọhapụ nke abọm izizi ya, Ịhụnanya nye Onye Anwụ anwụ<ref>{{Cite web|title=Singer, Songwriter & Poet Davina Oriakhi Releases Debut Album ‘Love to a Mortal’|url=http://thespreadmag.com/singer-songwriter-poet-davina-oriakhi-releases-debut-album-love-to-a-mortal/|work=Spread Magazine|accessdate=7 June 2018|archivedate=12 June 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612141309/http://thespreadmag.com/singer-songwriter-poet-davina-oriakhi-releases-debut-album-love-to-a-mortal/}}</ref> na Julaị. <ref>{{Cite web|title=DAVINA ORIAKHI IS AN UPTOWN GIRL IN THE VISUALS FOR F.S.L.S|url=http://thenativemag.com/music/video/davina-oriakhi-girl-town-visuals-f-s-l-s/|work=Native Magazine|publisher=Edwin Okolo|accessdate=7 June 2018|archivedate=12 June 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612143849/http://thenativemag.com/music/video/davina-oriakhi-girl-town-visuals-f-s-l-s/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Davina Oriakhi – Content (The Official Music Video) – YouTube|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nT-7SpEYfrc|accessdate=7 June 2018}}</ref> Oriakhi wepụtara vidiyo atọ maka egwu <ref name="Yinka Yomi Joseph">{{Cite web|title=SINGER, SONGWRITER & POET DAVINA ORIAKHI UNVEILS NEW MUSIC VIDEO "IT'S ALL ABOUT LOVE"|url=http://www.radronline.net/2017/10/12/singer-songwriter-poet-davina-oriakhi-unveils-new-music-video-its-all-about-love/|work=RADR Online|publisher=Yinka Yomi Joseph|accessdate=6 June 2018|archivedate=12 June 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612144120/http://www.radronline.net/2017/10/12/singer-songwriter-poet-davina-oriakhi-unveils-new-music-video-its-all-about-love/}}</ref> bụ Ọ bụ ihe niile gbasara ịhụnanya, [1] Ọdịnaya [2] na F.S.L.S [3] ka e mesịrị n'afọ ahụ. === 2018 === Davina Oriakhi wepụtara mmekọrịta mbụ ya na egwu ya mgbe abọm ya gasịrị na mbido 2018, na-egosi Tim Lyre na egwu Lagos <ref>{{Cite web|title=Lagos (feat. Tim Lyre) – Davina Oriakhi Song – BBC Music|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/music/tracks/n5z6v3|publisher=BBC|access-date=2024-03-11|archive-date=2018-07-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180703102729/https://www.bbc.co.uk/music/tracks/n5z6v3|url-status=dead}}</ref> na Machị na onye ọzọ na-agụ egwu R&B nke Canada Preyé na egwu Ihe efu<ref>{{Cite web|title=New Music: Davina Oriakhi x Preye – Vanity – BellaNaija|url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2018/04/new-music-davina-oriakhi-x-preye-vanity/|work=Bella Naija|accessdate=7 June 2018}}</ref> na Eprel. == Ihe osise == A na-ede ma na-abụkarị egwu Davina Oriakhi n'asụsụ Bekee na mgbe ụfọdụ Pidgin, ma na-agwakọta ụdị dị iche iche. Ọ kwetara na ọtụtụ n'ime abụ ya sitere na ahụmịhe onwe onye.   <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2022)">citation needed</span>]]''&#x5D;</sup> == Mmetụta == Davina Oriakhi na-ekwusi ike na egwu ya sitere n'ahụmahụ onwe ya nke ukwuu. Dị ka ya si kwuo,   Mmetụta egwu <ref>{{Cite web|title=Davina Oriakhi – Music in Africa|url=https://www.musicinafrica.net/directory/davina-oriakhi|work=Music in Africa|accessdate=7 June 2018}}</ref> ndị ọzọ bụ Disney, Lauryn Hill, Sade, Alicia Keys, [[Erykah Badu]] na Kirk Franklin. == Nkọwapụta == {| class="wikitable" !Afọ !Aha ya !Ihe nrite maka mmepụta !Album !Nkwupụta |- |2014 |Ihe ndị dị na ya |Nonso Amadi, Ray |Otu |<ref>{{Cite web|title=Davina Oriakhi – CONTENT [prod. by Ray]|url=http://aceworldteam.com/2014/08/15/davina-oriakhi-content/|work=Ace World Team|publisher=DJ Sean|accessdate=6 June 2018}}</ref> |- | rowspan="10" |2017 |Nnwere onwe (Intro) ọrụ. Muyiwa |Mide, Nonso Amadi |Egwú Ndị Dị Ịhụnanya |<ref>{{Cite web|title=Muyiwa Akhigbe in 'Dear Music' uses his soulful musical gift as a positive force to drive societal change|url=http://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/music/muyiwa-akhigbe-pushes-for-positive-values-in-dear-music-ep-id6749603.html|work=Pulse Nigeria|publisher=Abiola Solanke|accessdate=6 June 2018|archivedate=12 June 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612142208/http://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/music/muyiwa-akhigbe-pushes-for-positive-values-in-dear-music-ep-id6749603.html}}</ref> |- |Ọ bụ Ihe Nile Maka Ịhụnanya | rowspan="9" |Gabriel Ryder, The Chordinator na Nobong D'Synth | rowspan="9" |Ịhụnanya Maka Nwoke Na-anwụ | rowspan="9" |<ref>{{Cite web|title=ALBUM: Davina Oriakhi – Love To A Mortal|url=http://www.jaminpitakwa.com/2017/07/download-album-davina-oriakhi-love-to-mortal.html|work=Jam in Pitakwa|accessdate=6 June 2018|archivedate=12 June 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612143700/http://www.jaminpitakwa.com/2017/07/download-album-davina-oriakhi-love-to-mortal.html}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Singer, songwriter and poet Davina Oriakhi releases debut album ‘Love to a Mortal’|url=https://earmilk.com/2017/08/09/singer-songwriter-and-poet-davina-oriakhi-releases-debut-album-love-to-a-mortal/|work=Ear Milk|accessdate=6 June 2018}}</ref> |- |Mmetụta Ndị A |- |Ọnwụnwa (Nkwupụta) |- |Tupu Ọgbaghara |- |Ịgbachi nkịtị (Nna meere ebere) |- |W.S.T (Good Fight) |- |Moonshine (Nweghachi) |- |F.S.L.S. |- |Juju |- | rowspan="2" |2018 |Lagos (feat. Tim Lyre) |Nobong D'Synth | rowspan="2" |Otu |<ref>{{Cite web|title=New Music: Davina Oriakhi feat. Tim Lyre – Lagos|url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2018/03/new-music-davina-oriakhi-lagos/|work=Belle Naija|accessdate=6 June 2018}}</ref> |- |Ihe efu (feat. Preyé Itam) |Gabriel Ryder |<ref>{{Cite web|title=Davina Oriakhi & Preyé presents their premier collaboration single "Vanity."|url=https://earmilk.com/2018/04/09/davina-oriakhi-preye-presents-their-premier-collaboration-single-vanity/|work=Ear Milk|publisher=Tayo Odutola|accessdate=6 June 2018}}</ref> |} == Ihe nkiri vidio == {| class="wikitable" !Afọ !Aha ya !Onye nduzi !Nkwupụta |- |2016 |Ihe ndị dị na ya |Odaro Igbako |<ref>{{Cite web|title=Davina Oriakhi – Content (The Collage Video)|url=https://itembo.com/davinaoriakhi/youtube/261/davina-oriakhi-content-the-collage-video|work=itembo|accessdate=6 June 2018}}</ref> |- | rowspan="2" |2017 |F.S.L.S. | rowspan="2" |Loraa White (BMV Productions) |<ref>{{Cite web|title=Davina preaches self-love in video 'Find Self Love Self (FSLS)'|url=http://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/music/davina-preaches-self-love-in-video-find-self-love-self-fsls-id7000202.html|work=Pulse Nigeria|publisher=Abiola Solanke|accessdate=6 June 2018|archivedate=12 June 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612140228/http://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/music/davina-preaches-self-love-in-video-find-self-love-self-fsls-id7000202.html}}</ref> |- |Ọ bụ Ihe Nile Maka Ịhụnanya |<ref name="Yinka Yomi Joseph"/> |} == Onyinye na nhọpụta == {| class="wikitable" !Afọ !Ihe omume !Ihe nrite !Onye natara / Ọrụ a họpụtara !Nsonaazụ !Nkwupụta |- | rowspan="2" |2016 | rowspan="3" |Ihe nrite nke Nigerian Teen Choice |Nhọrọ Nwanyị Na-ese Ihe | rowspan="3" |Ya onwe ya| {{Won}} | rowspan="2" |<ref>{{Cite web|title=Full List Of Winners at Nigerian Teen Choice Awards 2016|url=http://www.evatese.com/full-list-winners-nigerian-teen-choice-awards-2016/|work=Evatese|accessdate=6 June 2018|archive-date=12 June 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612141241/http://www.evatese.com/full-list-winners-nigerian-teen-choice-awards-2016/|url-status=dead}}</ref> |- |Nhọrọ Nwanyị Na-agụ egwú| {{Nom}} |- |2017 |Nhọrọ Nwanyị Na-agụ egwú| {{Nom}} |<ref>{{Cite web|title=Nigerian Teen Choice Awards (NTCA) storm Lagos for 2017 edition!|url=https://www.lindaikejisblog.com/2017/03/nigerian-teen-choice-awards-ntca-storm.html|work=Linda Nkechi|accessdate=6 June 2018}}</ref> |} == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * [https://www.facebook.com/thedavinaoriakhi/ Davina Oriakhi] na Facebook {{DEFAULTSORT:Oriakhi, Davina}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] src62k8korlkyxmd02mremrfvvcvun9 0 38923 727572 540938 2026-09-24T09:28:20Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727572 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Daisy Bates''' (November 11, 1914 - Nọvemba 4, 1999) bụ onye Amerika na-ahụ maka ihe ndị ruuru mmadụ, onye na-ebipụta akwụkwọ, onye nta akụkọ, na onye nkuzi nke keere òkè dị mkpa na Nsogbu Mgbakwunye Nkume Nta nke 1957. == Oge ọ malitere == A mụrụ Daisy Bates na Nọvemba 11, 1914, nna ya Hezekiah Gatson, na nne ya Millie Riley. Ọ tolitere na ndịda [[Arkinsọ|Arkansas]] na obere obodo Huttig. Hezekiah Gatson kwadoro ezinụlọ ahụ site n'ịrụ ọrụ dị ka onye na-akwọ osisi n'ụlọ igwe ihe dị n'ógbè ahụ. E gburu nne ya Millie Riley mgbe Daisy bụ nwa ọhụrụ, e nyekwara nwa agbọghọ ahụ ezigbo ndị enyi nne ya: Orlee Smith, onye agha ụwa nke mbụ, na nwunye ya Susie Smith. Nna <ref>{{Cite web|author=Martin|first=Douglas|title=Daisy Bates, Civil Rights Leader, Dies at 84|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1999/11/05/us/daisy-bates-civil-rights-leader-dies-at-84.html|work=The New York Times|date=4 Nov 1999}}</ref> Hezekiah gbahapụrụ ya, Daisy ahụghịkwa ya ọzọ. <ref name="auto">{{Cite web|author=McCaskill|first=Barbara|title=Bates, Daisy (1914–1999), civil rights activist, newspaper founder and publisher|url=http://www.anb.org/articles/15/15-01322.html|work=American National Biography|publisher=Oxford University Press|accessdate=27 Nov 2017}}</ref> Ọnwụ Nnem, [1] Bates kọrọ na ọ mụtara, mgbe ọ dị afọ asatọ, na ndị ọcha atọ bi n'ógbè ahụ dinara nne ya n'ike ma gbuo ya, ma tụba ozu ya n'ime ọdọ mmiri, ebe e mechara chọta ya. <ref>{{Cite journal|first=Daisy|author=Bates|url=http://www.nathanielturner.com/deathofmymother.htm|title=The Death of My Mother|journal=ChickenBones: A Journal|accessdate=2011-04-02}}</ref> Ịmụta na ọ dịghị onye a gbara akwụkwọ maka igbu ọchụ nne ya kpasuru Daisy iwe banyere ikpe na-ezighị ezi. Nna nkuchi ya, Orlee Smith, gwara ya na achọtaghị ndị gburu ya nakwa na ndị uwe ojii egosichaghị mmasị n'okwu ahụ. Daisy chọrọ ịbọ ọbọ. O mechara dee <ref name="Interview">{{Cite web|author=Bates|first=Daisy|title=Interview with Daisy Bates|url=http://docsouth.unc.edu/sohp/G-0009/G-0009.html|work=Southern Oral History Program Collection|publisher=Documenting the American South|date=October 11, 1976}}</ref> .<ref name="The Legacy of Daisy Bates">{{Cite journal|author=Reed|first=Linda|title=The Legacy of Daisy Bates|journal=The Arkansas Historical Quarterly|volume=26|issue=5|pages=616–628|year=1996}}</ref> mechara dee, sị: [1]   Ọ malitere ịkpọ ndị ọcha asị. N'ihi nchegbu na olileanya, nna nkuchi ya nyere ya ndụmọdụ ụfọdụ site n'àkwà ọnwụ ya:   Bates kwuru na ya echefubeghị nke ahụ. O kwenyere na ebe nchekwa a kwadoro ike ya maka idu ndú n'ihe gbasara ikike obodo.. Tupu Daisy ekpughe ọnwụ nne ya, ọ na ejikarị Beatrice, nwa agbọghọ ọcha dị ka afọ ya. <ref name="University Press of Missi">{{Cite book|author=Stockley|first=Grif|title=Daisy Bates: Civil Rights Crusader from Arkansas|date=2012|publisher=University Press of Missi}}</ref> kesara mkpụrụ ego maka swiiti siri ike, ma nwee mmekọrịta dị mma. Nwatakịrị Bates gụnyere ịga ụlọ akwụkwọ ọha <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Daisy-Bates-civil-rights-leader|title=Daisy Bates – Biography & Facts|accessdate=23 January 2018}}</ref> eze nke Huttig, ebe ọ mụtara n'onwe ya ọnọdụ ọjọọ nke ụmụ akwụkwọ ojii na-ahụ. Orlee Smith nwụrụ mgbe Bates dị afọ iri na ụma, na-ahapụ ya na nne ya. Bates nwere ekele miri emi maka nna ya, na eduga n'echiche nke ya na ọ lụrụ di ya n'ihi na ya na nna ya nwekọrọ àgwà yiri nke ahụ. Bates nwere nnukwu otuto maka nwoke ahụ ebe ọ na enweghị ike "icheta oge nwoke a m kpọrọ nna m anaghị agwa m okwu dịka a ga-asị na m bụ okenye". N'adịghị ka mmekọrịta ha, Daisy na nne ya nwere mmekọrịta siri ike. Susie Smith ga- ta Daisy ahụhụ, onye "na-abụkarị onye a na eme ihe ike, na achịkwa, na agbanwe, ma mee ka ọ guzo na nkuku". <ref name="University Press of Missi" /> mgbe Orlee Smith nwụsịrị, ha abụọ nwere esemokwu. Daisy dị afọ iri na asaa mgbe ọ malitere ịlụ Lucius Christopher Bates, onye na ere mkpuchi nke rụkwara ọrụ na akwụkwọ akụkọ na South na West. Daisy <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ualr.edu/race-ethnicity/2018/04/30/meeting-ms-daisy/|title=Meeting Ms. Daisy|date=30 April 2018|language=en-US|accessdate=2019-05-25|archivedate=2019-05-25|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190525180247/https://ualr.edu/race-ethnicity/2018/04/30/meeting-ms-daisy/}}</ref> naanị afọ iri na ise mgbe ha zutere na mbụ, Lucius ka lụrụ Kassandra Crawford. Lucius gbara nwunye mbụ ya alụkwaghịm na 1941 tupu ọ kwaga Little Rock ma malite Arkansas Steeti Pịa. Daisy <ref name="auto" /> L.C. Bates lụrụ na Machị 4, 1942. [1] N'afọ 1952, a họpụtara Daisy Bates ka ọ bụrụ onyeisi oche nke Arkansas Conference nke alaka NAACP. == ''Ụlọ ọrụ mgbasa ozi nke Arkansas State'' == Mgbe ha kwagara Obere Nkume, ndị Bates kpebiri ime ihe na nrọ ha, nwe akwụkwọ akụkọ. Ha gbazitere ụlọ obibi akwụkwọ nke bụ nke akwụkwọ ụka ma mepee Arkansas Ndị nta akụkọ steeti, akwụkwọ akụkọ steeti kwa izu. Mbipụta mbụ pụtara na May 9, 1941. Arkansas Ndị nta akụkọ steeti na echegbu onwe ya banyere akwụkwọ akụkọ nkwado ma bụrụ nke e ji ụdị akwụkwọ ndị ọzọ nke Afrika na Amerika nke oge ahụ, dị ka [[Chicago]] Defender na The Crisis. Akụkọ banyere ikike obodo na-agakarị na peeji ihu na akwụkwọ ndị ọzọ jupụtara na akụkọ ndị ọzọ na-egosipụta ihe ndị Nwa Arkansans rụzuru. Foto dịkwa <ref name="EAHC">{{Cite web|author=Stockley|first=Grif|title=Arkansas State Press|url=http://www.encyclopediaofarkansas.net/encyclopedia/entry-detail.aspx?search=1&entryID=592|publisher=[[The Encyclopedia of Arkansas History & Culture]]|accessdate=November 1, 2013}}</ref>'ụba n'akwụkwọ ahụ. Akwụkwọ akụkọ ahụ ghọrọ olu na-anụ ọkụ n'obi maka ikike obodo ọbụna tupu otu mba ahụ anabata apụta. E mechara mara Daisy Bates dị ka onye na-ebipụta akwụkwọ akụkọ ahụ. Dị ka onye bụbu onye isi oche nke Arkansas State Conference nke NAACP, Bates tinyere aka nke ukwuu n'ihe omume ndị a na-eme ka ha ghara ịkpa ókè. Ọ bụ ezie na na 1954 mkpebi Ụlọikpe Kasị Elu nke [[Njikọ̀taọ̀hà|United States]] na ''Brown v. Board of Education'' mere ka ụlọ akwụkwọ niile dị iche iche bụrụ iwu na-akwadoghị, ụlọ akwụkwọ dị na Arkansas jụrụ idebanye aha ụmụ akwụkwọ Afrika Amerika. Bates na di ya gbalịrị ịlụ ọgụ megide ọnọdụ ahụ na akwụkwọ akụkọ ha. Arkansas Ndị nta akụkọ steeti ghọrọ onye na-akwado ihe omume ụlọ akwụkwọ ọha na eze nke NAACP. Ndị nta akụkọ steeti dere, "Anyị chere na ụzọ kwesịrị ekwesị ga-abụ maka ndị isi n'etiti agbụrụ Negro - ọ bụghị ọnụ, nwanne nna Toms, ma ọ bụ ndị na-amụmụ ọnụ ọchị ka ha na ndị isi ụlọ akwụkwọ gbakọta ma nye ndị isi ụlọ ọrụ ndụmọdụ. "N'ihe gbasara iwu nke agụmakwụkwọ, Ndị nta akụkọ steeti zụlitere mmụọ nke ime ihe ozugbo n'ime obi nke ụmụ amaala Africa na ndị ọcha. N'adịghị ka usoro nke nta nke nta, akwụkwọ akụkọ a chọrọ mgbanwe ozugbo na usoro agụmakwụkwọ nke Arkansas. Arkansas Ndị nta akụkọ steeti kọrọ na NAACP bụ onye na-eduzi ihe omume mkpesa ndị a, akwụkwọ akụkọ ahụ na-emekwa ka mmetụta mba gbasaa iji mee ka ndị ọzọ tinye aka na ihe omume agụmakwụkwọ na Little Rock. Ọ bụ ezie na Gọvanọ Orval Faubus na ndị na-akwado ya na-ajụ ọbụna nkwụsịtụ nke Central High School, nchịkọta akụkọ a pụtara na peeji ihu:   N'oge niile ọ dị, Arkansas Ndị nta akụkọ steeti kpuchiri akụkọ mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya niile na-eme na steeti ahụ. Ọ bụ onye na-akwado njikọta agbụrụ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ ma kpọsara nkwado ya nke ọma na ibe ya. N'afọ 1957, n'ihi ọnọdụ ya siri ike n'oge Nsogbu nkewa nke obere Rock, ndị mgbasa ozi na-acha ọcha mere mkpesa ọzọ iji nye akwụkwọ akụkọ ahụ ntaramahụhụ maka ịkwado nkewa. Nkwụsị a nwere ihe ịga nke ọma n'ịkwụsị ego, ma e wezụga ego nke bịara ozugbo na site na mgbasa ozi sitere n'ọfịs mba NAACP, na site na mkpọsa sitere n'aka ndị na-akwado ya na mba ahụ dum. N'agbanyeghị nke a, Ndị nta akụkọ steeti enweghị ike ịnọgide na-enwe onwe ya ma bipụta mbipụta ikpeazụ na October 29, 1959. <ref name="EAHC" /> == Mmekọrịta ya na NAACP == Daisy Bates sonyeere alaka ụlọ ọrụ NAACP ozugbo ọ kwagara Obere Nkume. <ref name="Interview" />'ajụjụ ọnụ ọ kọwara akụkọ ihe mere eme ya na nzukọ ahụ nakwa na "ọchịchọ ya niile nwere njikọ na nzukọ a". Nna ya bụ onye otu NAACP ọtụtụ afọ tupu mgbe ahụ ma ọ na akọ na ọ jụrụ ya ihe mere o ji sonye na nzukọ ahụ. O kwuru na nna ya ga eweta akwụkwọ ya ka ọ gụọ ma mgbe ọ matara ihe mgbaru ọsọ ha, o kpebiri inye onwe ya, kwa. <ref name="Interview" />'otu ajụjụ ọnụ ahụ mgbe a jụrụ ya ihe ya na nzukọ ahụ lekwasịrị anya na ịgbanwe, Bates zaghachiri "usoro niile a na emebi emebi". Otú ọ dị, ọ bụ mgbe mkpebi ''Brown v. Board of Education'' gasịrị ka ọ malitere ilekwasị anya na agụmakwụkwọ. Bates ghọrọ onye isi oche nke Arkansas Nzukọ nke Alaka na 1952 mgbe ọ dị afọ 38. Ọ nọgidere na-arụsi ọrụ ike ma nọrọ na National Board nke NAACP ruo 1970. N'ihi ọnọdụ ya na NAACP, ndụ onwe onye Bates nọ n'ihe ize ndụ ọtụtụ oge. N'akụkọ ndụ ya, Bates tụlere ndụ ya dị ka onye isi oche nke NAACP na Arkansas:   == Nsogbu Njikọ Little Rock == Bates na di ya bụ ndị dị mkpa na obodo ndị Afrika Amerika na isi obodo Little Rock. Ha bipụtara akwụkwọ akụkọ ojii, Arkansas Ndị nta akụkọ steeti, nkewa kpọsara mmebi iwu nke mkpebi ikpe nke Ụlọikpe Kasị Elu. A ga-eme atụmatụ maka iwetu ụlọ akwụkwọ nke Little Rock n'usoro atọ, malite na mbụ na ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị ndị agadi na ndị obere, na mgbe ahụ, ọ bụ naanị mgbe njikọta nke ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị na nke nta ga-aga nke ọma ka a ga-ejikọta ụlọ akwụkwọ elementrị. Mgbe afọ abụọ na-enwebeghị ọganihu, a gbara akwụkwọ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ dị na Little Rock School District na 1956. Ụlọikpe ahụ nyere ndị ụlọ akwụkwọ iwu ka ha jikọta ụlọ akwụkwọ ndị ahụ na September 1957. "Agha maka mkpụrụ obi Little Rock amalitela n'ezie, na Bates banyere ike."{{Citation needed|date=October 2020|reason=direct quote requires citation}} N'ịghọta oke itinye aka na nraranye ya na agụmakwụkwọ na ntinye akwụkwọ, Daisy bụ onye nnọchi anya a họọrọ. Mgbe a họpụtara ụmụ akwụkwọ ojii itoolu ka ha gaa Central High, Oriakụ Bates ga-anọnyere ha nzọụkwụ ọ bụla. ka onye ndú nke alaka NAACP na Arkansas, Bates duziri ma nye ụmụ akwụkwọ itoolu ndụmọdụ, nke a maara dị ka Obere Nkume Nine, mgbe ha nwara idebanye aha na 1957 na Ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị nke Little Rock Central, ụlọ ọrụ na-acha ọcha n'oge gara aga. Mgbalị ụmụ akwụkwọ ahụ mere ịbanye n'akwụkwọ kpatara esemokwu na Gọvanọ Orval Faubus, onye kpọrọ ndị National Guard ka ha gbochie ha ịbanye. Onye nche hapụrụ ụmụ akwụkwọ ọcha ka ha gafee ọnụ ụzọ ụlọ akwụkwọ. A gwara ụmụ akwụkwọ asatọ n'ime itoolu ka ha laghachi n'ụlọ. Otu nwa akwụkwọ, Elizabeth Eckford, enwetaghị ozi ahụ site n'aka Daisy Bates n'abalị gara aga ma otu ìgwè ndị ọcha zutere ya n'èzí ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ ka ọ na-anwa ịchọta ụmụ akwụkwọ asatọ ndị ọzọ n'ụtụtụ ahụ. Ìgwè mmadụ ahụ yiri egwu igbu ụmụ akwụkwọ ojii ahụ; ndị òtù ìgwè mmadụ ahụ na-enye nsogbu ọ bụghị naanị ndị na-eme ngagharị iwe kamakwa ndị nta akụkọ Northern bịara ịkọ akụkọ ahụ. Bates jiri nkà nhazi ya mee atụmatụ ụzọ maka ụmụ akwụkwọ itoolu ịbanye na Central High. O mere atụmatụ ka ndị ụkọchukwu duru ụmụaka banye n'ụlọ akwụkwọ, abụọ n'ihu ụmụaka na abụọ n'azụ. O chere na ọ bụghị naanị na ha ga-enyere aka ichebe ụmụaka ahụ n'ụzọ anụ ahụ kamakwa inwe ndị ụkọchukwu na-eso ha ga-eje ozi dị ka ihe nnọchianya dị ike megide ihe mgbochi nke ịkpa ókè.   <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|<span title="direct quote requires citation (October 2020)">citation needed</span>]]''&#x5D;</sup> Bates gara n'ihu na ọrụ ya nke inyere mmadụ itoolu ahụ aka idebanye aha n'ụlọ akwụkwọ. Ọ gwara ndị mụrụ ha okwu ọtụtụ ugboro n'ụbọchị ahụ iji jide n'aka na ha maara ihe na-eme. Ọ sonyeere nzukọ nne na nna na onye nkuzi, ọ bụ ezie na o nweghị nwa akwụkwọ debanyere aha ya n'ụlọ akwụkwọ. nọgidere na-aga n'ihu ma ghọta na ọ dị ya mkpa ịchịkwa ọnọdụ ahụ iji nwee ihe ịga nke ọma. Bates bụ onye dị mkpa n'oge ahụ nke Civil Rights Movement. Osro Cobb, onye ọka iwu United States maka Eastern District of Arkansas na-ezo aka na ya n'ihe ndekọ ya, n'ụzọ kwesịrị ekwesị:   Ka o sina dị, ọrịa a na Ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị Central mere ka onye nlekọta Virgil Blossom chụpụ ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ n'ụbọchị mbụ nke nke nkewa, ìgwè mmadụ ahụ wee gbasaa. [[President of the United States|Onye isi ala US]] Dwight D. Eisenhower batara site n'ịmepụta ndị Arkansas National Guard ma zipụ 101st Airborne Division na Little Rock iji hụ na a na-etinye iwu ụlọ ikpe. Ndị agha nọgidere na-enwe usoro, ma wepụ nkewa. N'afọ agụmakwụkwọ 1958-59, Otú ọ dị, e mechiri ụlọ akwụkwọ ọha na eze na Little Rock na mgbalị ọzọ iji weghachite nkewa. A maara oge ahụ dị ka "Afọ furu efu" na Arkansas. Ọrụ dị mkpa nke Bates n'oge Civil Rights Movement bụ ịkwado na iduzi Little Rock Nine. Ụlọ Bates ghọrọ <ref name="npsBatesHouse">{{Cite web|title=Daisy L. Gatson Bates|url=https://www.nps.gov/chsc/planyourvisit/upload/Site%20Bulletin%20Daisy%20Bates.pdf|publisher=National Park Service|accessdate=20 July 2020|archive-date=20 July 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200720012018/https://www.nps.gov/chsc/planyourvisit/upload/Site%20Bulletin%20Daisy%20Bates.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> Historic Landmark na 2002 n'ihi ọrụ ya n'oge a na-ewepụ ndị mmadụ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ. Ụlọ ya bụ ebe ezumike maka Obere Nkume Nine. Atụmatụ nke otu a ga esi mee nkewa na ebumnuche itinye n'ọrụ bụ akụkụ dị mkpa nke ọrụ ya n'oge mmegharị ahụ na kpọmkwem, ụlọ ahụ bụ ụzọ isi nyere aka nweta nkwado maka ikike obodo. Ụlọ ya bụkwa ebe gọọmentị na ahapụ ma na-ewere ọnọdụ maka Obere Nkume Nine tupu na mgbe ụlọ akwụkwọ gasịrị, kwa ụbọchị. N'ihi na ụlọ ya bụ ebe nzukọ gọọmentị, ọ ghọrọ ebe ime ihe ike ma ndị na-akwado ịkpa ókè na-emebi ya mgbe niile.   N'afọ 1998, onye na-ekwuchitere Bates kwuru na Bates nwere obi amamikpe maka ọdịda ya n'ịgwa otu n'ime ụmụ agbọghọ ahụ, Elizabeth Eckford, na ha na-egbu oge ịbanye na Ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị Central. Ezinụlọ nwatakịrị ahụ enweghị ekwentị, nna ya esighị n'ọrụ lọta ruo elekere atọ nke ụtụtụ. Eckford amaghị na ọ chọrọ ka nne na nna ya soro ya, ọ maghịkwa na ọ dị ya mkpa ka ya na ụmụ akwụkwọ ojii ndị ọzọ zukọta n'ụtụtụ ahụ. N'ihi ya, Eckford zutere ìgwè mmadụ n'onwe ya, mgbe onye nta akụkọ nwere obiọma, Grace Lorch, kpọpụrụ ya n'ime ìgwè mmadụ ahụ ma duzie ya gaa n'ọdụ ụgbọ ala. N'abalị gara aga, Bates dara n'ụra tupu ya enwee ike iziga ozi ahụ n'ezinụlọ ahụ, nwa agbọghọ ahụ nwara ịga ụbọchị mbụ ya naanị ya n'ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ. Ọ bụghị naanị na Bates chọrọ ka ụmụ akwụkwọ ojii nweta otu ọkwa agụmakwụkwọ dịka ụmụ akwụkwọ ọcha, kamakwa ọ chọrọ ime ka ọ bụrụ ọrụ ya maka agbụrụ niile ka ha nwee otu agụmakwụkwọ. Ndị kansụl obodo Little Rock nyere onye isi ndị uwe ojii Little Rock iwu ijide Bates na ndị ọzọ NAACP; ya na onye isi alaka obodo ahụ wepụtara onwe ha. E boro ha ebubo na ha enyeghị ozi gbasara ndị otu NAACP maka ndekọ ọha na eze, na emebi iwu obodo. Ọ bụ ezie na onye ọka ikpe ahụ boro Bates ebubo ịkwụ ụgwọ, ndị ọka iwu NAACP rịọrọ arịrịọ ma mesịa merie n'ụlọ ikpe kachasị elu nke United Steeti. N'okwu yiri nke ahụ, ụlọ ikpe dị elu kpebiri na steeti [[Alabama]] enweghị ike ịmanye NAACP ka ọ nyefee ndị otu ya na ndị ọrụ steeti. N'ajụjụ ọnụ ya na Bates, ọ na-ekwu na onyinye kachasị mkpa o nyere n'oge nsogbu Little Rock bụ:   [[Martin Luther King, Jr.|Martin Luther King Jr.]] zigara teligram na Septemba 1957 banyere Ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị Central na nsogbu Obere Nkume Nine. Ebumnuche King bụ ịgba Bates ume "ịgbaso ụzọ na-abụghị ime ihe ike", n'agbanyeghị na "ndị na-eyi egwu, ndị na-enweghị obi ebere na-eyi ya egwu". O mesiri ya obi ike, "Echiche ụwa dị na gị. Akọnuche omume nke ọtụtụ nde ndị ọcha America nọ na gị. " <ref>Kasher, Steven. ''The Civil Rights Movement: A Photographic History, 1954-68''. New York: Abbeville Press, 1996. Print.</ref> Eze bụ onye ọbịa nke Bateses na Mee 1958 mgbe ọ kwuru okwu na mmalite Arkansas AM&N College. N'oge na-adịghị anya mgbe mmalite ahụ gasịrị, King gwara Daisy Bates ka ọ bụrụ ọkà okwu nke Ụbọchị Ụmụ nwanyị na Dexter Avenue Chọọchị Baptist n'ikpeazụ n'afọ ahụ n'ọnwa Ọktoba. N'otu afọ ahụ a họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ ọkà okwu na ụka Baptist, a họpụtakwara ya na kọmitii na-achịkwa King's Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC). Mmekọrịta Bates na Little Rock Crisis mere ka akwụkwọ akụkọ ha ghara inweta ego mgbasa ozi, a manyere ya imechi ya na 1959. N'afọ 1960, Daisy Bates kwagara New York City wee dee akwụkwọ ncheta ya, Ogologo onyinyo nke obere nkume, nke meriri 1988 Ihe nrite akwụkwọ nke mba. Nsogbu a gosipụtara mmetụta nke òtù ndị dị n'ógbè ahụ, na omume Bates rụrụ ọrụ n'ihi na gọọmentị malitere imeghachi omume na nzukọ ahụ dị ka NAACP. Mgbe nsogbu Little Rock Nine gasịrị na Arkansas, obodo ahụ wepụtara iwu na òtù niile kwesịrị ikpughe ndepụta ndị otu ha, dị ka NAACP. The Encyclopedia nke Civil Rights na Amerika dere na,   == Ndụ e mesịrị == Bates wee kwaga [[Washington, D.C.]], wee rụọ ọrụ maka Kọmitii Mba Democratic. Ọ rụkwara ọrụ na nchịkwa nke Onye isi ala US Lyndon Baines Johnson na-arụ ọrụ na mmemme mgbochi ịda ogbenye. N'afọ 1965, ọ dara ọrịa strok wee laghachi Little Rock. N'afọ 1968, ọ kwagara n'ime ime obodo ndị isi ojii nke Mitchellville na Desha County, n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ Arkansas. O lekwasịrị anya n'imeziwanye ndụ ndị agbata obi ya site n'ịmepụta usoro enyemaka onwe onye nke na ahụ maka usoro nsị ọhụrụ, okporo ámá ndị a wụrụ awụ, usoro mmiri, na ụlọ ọrụ obodo. Bates weghachiri Arkansas State Press na 1984 mgbe L. C. Bates, di ya, nwụrụ na 1980. N'otu afọ ahụ, Bates nwetakwara nzere Honorary Doctor of Laws, nke Mahadum Arkansas dị na Fayetteville nyere. N'afọ 1986, Mahadum nke Arkansas Press bipụtara The Long Shadow of Little Rock, nke ghọrọ mbipụta mbụ e bipụtara iji nweta American Book Award. Onye bụbu nwanyị mbụ Eleanor Roosevelt dere okwu mmeghe maka akụkọ ndụ Bates. N'afọ sochirinụ, ọ rere akwụkwọ akụkọ ahụ, mana ọ nọgidere na-arụ ọrụ dị ka onye ndụmọdụ. Little Rock kwụrụ <ref name="npsBatesHouse" /> eleghị anya ụtụ kachasị mma, ọ bụghị naanị Bates kamakwa n'oge ọhụrụ o nyere aka ịmalite, site na imeghe Daisy Bates Elementary School na site n'ime Mọnde nke atọ na Febụwarị George Washington's Birthday na Daisy Gatson Bates Day ka ọ bụrụ ezumike steeti. Bates nwụrụ n'ihi usoro ọrịa strok, na Little Rock na Nọvemba 4, 1999, mgbe ọ dị afọ 84. Onye na-eme ihe nkiri Sharon La Cruise mepụtara ma duzie ihe nkiri banyere Bates. Daisy Bates: First Lady of Little Rock malitere na February 2, 2012, dị ka akụkụ nke usoro Independent Lens na PBS. Mee 2014, Mahadum Rutgers nyere John Lewis Adams Ph.D. na akụkọ ihe mere eme maka edemede ya, Time For a Showdown, akụkọ ndụ na-akọ banyere ịrị elu Bates na di ya na mmetụta ha na Black activism na 1950s. == Nsọpụrụ na onyinye == * A họpụtara ya dị ka nwanyị nke Afọ na 1957 site na National Council of Negro WomenKansụl Mba nke Ụmụ nwanyị Negro * Onye na-anata ya, tinyere Little Rock Nine nke 1958 Spingarn MedalIhe nrite Spingarn * 1988 American Book AwardIhe nrite akwụkwọ America * Nkwado Nzukọ Ezumezu nke Arkansas * Honorary Doctor of Laws Degree, Mahadum nke Arkansas, 1984 * Candace Award site na National Coalition of 100 Black Women, 1984<ref>{{Cite web|work=National Coalition of 100 Black Women|title=Candace Award Recipients 1982–1990, Page 1|url=http://www.ncbw.org/programs/award1.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20030314021634/http://www.ncbw.org/programs/award1.html|archivedate=March 14, 2003}}</ref> * Diamond Cross nke [[Malta]] site na Philadelphia Cotillion Society * Onye otu nsọpụrụ nke Delta Sigma Theta sorority * Arkansas guzobere Mọnde nke atọ na Febụwarị dị ka "Ụbọchị ọmụmụ George Washington na Ụbọchị Daisy Gatson Bates", ezumike gọọmentị. * A gbanwere aha Daisy L. Gatson Bates Drive, nke bụbu 14th Street, nke na-aga n'ebe ugwu nke Little Rock Central High School, maka ya. * N'obodo ya bụ Huttig, e nwere Daisy L. Gatson Bates St. * A na-akpọ Ụlọ akwụkwọ elementrị Daisy Bates dị na Little Rock iji sọpụrụ ya. * Kọmitii ezumike Daisy Bates <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.arkansashouse.org/member/353/Charles-Blake|title=Charles Blake|publisher=arkansashouse.org|accessdate=April 16, 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150416202354/http://www.arkansashouse.org/member/353/Charles-Blake|archivedate=April 16, 2015}}</ref> Onye nnọchi anya steeti Africa-America bụ [[Charles Blake (Arkansas politician)|Charles Blake]] nke Little Rock. * Ihe nrite ọla edo nke Congress nke Onye isi ala Bill Clinton nyere ya na ndị ọzọ so na The Little Rock Nine na Nọvemba 1999. * <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.arkansasonline.com/news/2019/apr/11/daisy-bates-johnny-cash-statues-headed-us-capitol/|title=Daisy Bates, Johnny Cash statues headed to U.S. Capitol|date=11 April 2019}}</ref> Eprel 11, 2019, Gọvanọ Asa Hutchinson bịanyere aka n'iwu nke họpụtara Daisy Bates na onye na-agụ egwu Johnny Cash dị ka ndị nnọchi anya abụọ nke Steeti Arkansas na US Capitol's National Statuary Hall Collection . [1] == Hụkwa == * Ụlọ Daisy Bates, National Historic Landmark na Little Rock, Arkansas * Ndepụta nke ndị isi ikike obodo  == Ihe odide == {{Reflist|30em}} == Ịgụ ihe ọzọ == * Bartley, Numan V. "Looking Back at Little Rock." ''Arkansas Historical Quarterly'' 25.2 (1966): 101-116. [https://www.jstor.org/stable/40023260 n'ịntanetị] * Bates, Daisy The long shadow of Little Rock: A memoir (University of Arkansas Press, 2007), isi iyi. * Calloway, Carolyn et al. "Daisy Bates and the Little Rock School Crisis: Forging the Way". ''Journal of Black Studies'' (1996) 5#26: 616-628. doi:10.1177/002193479602600507. S2CID 145431981. * Fradin, Judith Bloom, na Dennis B. Fradin. ''Ike nke otu: Daisy Bates na obere Rock Nine'' (Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2004). * Kirk, John A. "Daisy Bates, National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, and the 1957 Little Rock School Crisis: A Gendered Perspective." na Gender in the Civil Rights Movement (Routledge, 2014) peeji nke 17-40.&nbsp; * Kirk, John A., na Minnijean Brown Trickey. ''Beyond Little Rock: Mmalite na ihe nketa nke Central High crisis'' (University of Arkansas Press, 2007). * [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] "Ihe nketa nke Daisy Bates". ''Arkansas Historical Quarterly'' 26 (5): 616-628. JSTOR 2784887 * Stockley, Grif. Daisy Bates: Civil Rights Crusader si Arkansas (2012). == Njikọ mpụga == * Daisy Bates Papers Mahadum nke Arkansas, Ngalaba Nchịkọta Pụrụ Iche, MC 582 * [http://caselaw.lp.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=CASE&court=US&vol=361&page=516 Caselaw: Bates v Little Rock] * Ajụjụ ọnụ Oral History na Daisy Bates site na Oral Histories of the American South[http://docsouth.unc.edu/sohp/ Akụkọ Akụkọ Ihe Mere Eme nke Ndịda America] * [http://www.encyclopediaofarkansas.net/encyclopedia/entry-detail.aspx?entryID=591 "Daisy Gatson Bates"], Encyclopedia of Arkansas History & Culture entry. * Daisy BatesnaChọta Ili * Norwood, Arlisha [https://www.womenshistory.org/education-resources/biographies/daisy-bates "Daisy Bates"]. National Women's History Museum. 2017. [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 7vd6ugvm1k00yk1ja0zwnlsbg6up5xw 0 39340 727562 725584 2026-09-24T08:42:12Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727562 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="infobox biography vcard" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;" |<div class="fn" style="display:inline-block">Conjestina Achieng</div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |A mụrụ ya | class="infobox-data" |<div class="nickname" style="display:inline">Conjestina Achieng</div><br /><span style="display:none"> </span> <span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1977-10-20</span>)</span> 20 Ọktoba 1977 (afọ 46) <ref name="Conjestina Achieng Awakening Profile" /><br /><div class="birthplace" style="display:inline">Obodo Umiru, [[Kenya]]" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Yala, Kenya">Yala division, Siaya District, Kenya</div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Mba | class="infobox-data category" |<span class="flagicon">[[File:Flag_of_Kenya.svg|link=Kenya|alt=Kenya|border|23x23px]]</span> [[Kenya]] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Aha ndị ọzọ&nbsp; | class="infobox-data nickname" |Aka Nkume[1]<ref name="Conjestina Achieng Awakening Profile"><cite class="citation web cs1"><span class="cx-segment" data-segmentid="319">[https://web.archive.org/web/20240320164610/http://www.awakeningfighters.com/athletes/conjestina-achieng/ "Conjestina Achieng Awakening Profile"]. </span><span class="cx-segment" data-segmentid="320">Awakeningfighters.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. </span></span><span class="cx-segment" data-segmentid="321"><span class="reference-accessdate">Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 February</span> 2016</span>.</span></cite></ref> |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" |<templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles>'''Ndekọ ọnụ ọgụgụ''' |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |<span class="nowrap">Ibu (s) </span> | class="infobox-data" |Ibu dị n'etiti |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Ọnọdụ | class="infobox-data" |Ọtọdọks |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" |<templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles>'''Ihe ndekọ ịkụ ọkpọ''' |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Agha zuru ezu | class="infobox-data" |27 |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Mmeri | class="infobox-data" |17 |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Mmeri site na KO | class="infobox-data" |8 |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Mfu | class="infobox-data" |6 |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Ihe osise | class="infobox-data" |4 |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Enweghị asọmpi | class="infobox-data" |0 |} '''Conjestina Achieng''' (amụrụ na 20 Ọktoba 1977 n'obodo Umiru, Yala division, Siaya District. Conjestina bụ nwa nke ise a mụrụ n'ezinụlọ dị mmadụ iri. Nna ya Clement Adalo bụ onye ọrụ ahụike lara ezumike nká na nne ya bụ Gertrude Auma. Nwanne ya nwoke nke okenye, Joseph Kusimba bụbu onye na-akụ ọkpọ nke na-elekọta klọb ịkụ ọkpọ na Mathare, Nairobi.Ọ bụ nwanyị Kenya na-akụ ọkpọ nke a na-akpọ "Hands of Stone" ma bụrụ onye nke ise n'ụwa. Ọ ghọrọ nwanyị Afrịka mbụ nwere aha mba ụwa mgbe ọ meriri [[Uganda|Ugandan]] Fiona Tugume iji nweta aha WIBF Middleweight.<ref>http://allafrica.com/stories/200412200800.html Conjestina wins World Title, allafrica.com, Retrieved 06-09-2012</ref> Ọ nwetakwara mmeri n'ọnọdụ esemokwu na WBC nke oge ahụ, na WBA Super middleweight Natascha Ragosina. Achieng, otu nne, na-egwuri egwu na ngalaba oke ibu.<ref>Another Bad Decision: Natascha Ragosina Beats Achieng; Stieglitz Returns with a Win {{Cite web|url=http://www.eastsideboxing.com/weblog/news.php?p=16506&more=1|title=Another Bad Decision: Natascha Ragosina Beats Achieng; Stieglitz Returns with a Win|accessdate=2012-09-06|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20130121215552/http://www.eastsideboxing.com/weblog/news.php?p=16506&more=1|archivedate=21 January 2013}}</ref> == Ndụ onwe onye == N'ịbụ onye na-enweghị ọrụ, Achieng, onye na-enwetakarị ihe dị ka $ 250 n'ọgụ, dabere na ịkụ ọkpọ iji kwụọ ụgwọ maka ụlọ ya dị ọnụ ala nke otu ọnụ ụlọ na ụlọ Lucky Summer dara ogbenye nke Nairobi. Ihe ịma aka ya kachasị ukwuu bụ ịkwụ ụgwọ ọzụzụ ya na ịnọgide na-eri nri dị mma. N'ime mba ebe ọtụtụ ndị na-ebi ndụ na-erughị $ 1 kwa ụbọchị, Achieng gbalịrị itinye nri na tebụl ma gboo mkpa ya. Nkwado gọọmentị maka ụlọ ọzụzụ na ngwá ọrụ dị oke ala na ndị na-akwalite ịkụ ọkpọ a pụrụ ịdabere na ya dị ụkọ, yabụ ego mmeri siri ike inweta. "M na-enweta ndụ siri ike", ka o kwuru n'ajụjụ ọnụ ya na Women Boxing Archive Network. "Enweghị m ike ịzụta nri kwesịrị ekwesị ma mgbe ụfọdụ enweghị m ọbụna ụgbọ ala iji gaa ọzụzụ. Mgbe m lere ndị ọkpọ ndị ọzọ dị ka Mike Tyson na Laila Ali anya, mkpụrụ obi m na-agba ọbara. Ha bara ọgaranya na ụdị ndụ ha na-eduga abụghị nke anyị. Mana anyị na-edugharị ndụ nkịta. Ihe anaghị ada na efere ọlaọcha. Onye ọ bụla ga-ewepụta ebe ọ kụrụ ma ọ bụghị m. " "Na Kenya, ịkụ ọkpọ anaghị akwụ ezigbo ụgwọ dịka ndị mmadụ nwere ike iche. Enweghị m ụgwọ ọnwa na-adịgide adịgide ma a na-akwụ m ụgwọ naanị mgbe enwere ọgụ ma ọ bụrụ na emeri m. Ịkụ ọkpọ siri ike ma kwesị ka e mesoo ya n'ụzọ siri ike. " "Enwere m nwa nwoke na ụmụnne nwanyị ndị ka nọ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ, ha niile dabere na m. Ndị mụrụ m na-eme agadi enweghịzi ike ilekọta ndị a ma "a hapụrụ m na-elekọta", ka ọ gbakwụnyere. Ụbọchị Achieng malitere n'elekere 5.30 nke ụtụtụ na kilomita 15 nke ọrụ okporo ụzọ, mgbe ahụ n'elekera 8.30 nke ụnyaahụ ọ maliteghachiri ọzụzụ mmega ahụ ya ruo n'etiti ehihie. &nbsp;"Enwere m mmasị ịkụ ọkpọ na ndị na-akụ ọkpọ nwoke", ka Achieng kwuru. "Anyị na-azụ ma na-ekerịta echiche". N'oge ezumike ọ bụla, ọ wepụtara onwe ya n'ụlọ akwụkwọ dị nso na-enyere ụmụaka aka site na ọrụ ha na itinye akara n'akwụkwọ ha. Onye nwe ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ, Jean Ikenga akwadowo Achieng mgbe niile ma na-akwụ ụgwọ ụlọ ya mgbe ụfọdụ. Mgbe Conjestina nọ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ ọ pụtara nke ọma na nka na ọrụ nka, ma na-achụso ịse na eserese. E gosipụtara ụfọdụ ọrụ ya na Upendo Nursery na Mathare North. O kwuru na otu n'ime ya bu n'obi bu ịzụlite ndị na-eto eto na ndị na-achọsi ike nka. Ọ chọkwara ịlụso Laila Ali ọgụ. "Ana m azụ n'ike n'ike ma nwee olileanya izute ya n'ime mgbaaka. Ọ naghị adị m egwu ma ọ dị m mkpa ịlụso ya ọgụ. Aga m ekpebie ma m gaa n'ihu na-akụ ọkpọ ma ọ bụ kwụsị naanị mgbe m weghaara aha ahụ n'aka ya. "Onye na-akwado ya bụ Caleb Kuya, onye Kenya bi na Denmark, nwere obi ike ma o kwuru na "Conje" chọrọ ọ dịkarịa ala ọgụ atọ ọzọ n'okpuru belt ya tupu ya ezute Ali ihu, ọkachasị ebe ọ bụ na ọ gbara ọkpọ naanị otu ugboro n'èzí Kenya. "Ọ ga-aka mma ma ọ bụrụ na ọ lụọ ọgụ n'èzí iji nweta mmetụta nke egwuregwu na ọbụna ịkwa emo site n'aka ndị ọzọ na-akwado ya, "ka o kwuru ka ọ na-akọwa atụmatụ maka ịchọ nkwado maka ihe nwere ike ime Achieng vs. Ali. == Nsogbu ahụike == Na Jenụwarị 2011, nna Conjestina zigara ndị Kenya arịrịọ ka ha nyere ya aka kpọga ya n'ụlọ ọgwụ mgbe omume ya dara site na ụkpụrụ.Dị ka nna ya si kwuo, Conjestina ewepụla nwa ya nwoke n'ụlọ akwụkwọ, gbaa ngwa ọkpọ ya niile ọkụ ma tụfuo ihe niile dị na ụlọ mgbatị ya, bụ nke o meghere na 2009.A nabatara ya n'ụlọ ọgwụ Mathari dị na Nairobi bụ ọkachamara na nlekọta ahụike uche. E mechara hapụ ya. Na 4 Septemba 2012. Akụkọ gbara ọsọ na Citizen TV na-egosi Conjestina n'ọnọdụ mgbagwoju anya na enweghị olileanya. Onye ọkpọ ọkpọ mbụ ahụ gosipụtara eriri ya. Ekwuru na ọ nọ na ịda ogbenye akwụghị ụgwọ mgbazinye Ksh 2000 ($ 23) maka ọnwa anọ.Ọ nọ n'okpuru nlekọta nwanne ya nwanyị nke obere. Ida Odinga kpọgara Conjestina n'ụlọọgwụ Mathari. Mgbasa ozi na-ewu ewu na soshial midia welitere ego zuru oke maka ya ịkwaga n'ime ebe obibi nke ọma karị.Onye ọchị ọchị Daniel Ndambuki (Churchill) n'onwe ya nyere puku 18,000 iji kwụọ ụgwọ ụlọ ya mgbe nrụgide ọha na eze chetaara ya nkwa ọ kwere ịkwado ya.<ref name="NW">{{Cite web|author=Nairobi Wire|title=Churchill Finally Pays Congestina's Rent|url=http://www.mashada.com/blogs/p/83242/churchill-finally-pays-congestinas-rent|work=Mashada|publisher=Chyulu Media|accessdate=15 April 2016}}</ref> == Ndekọ ọkpọ ọkpọ ọkachamara == {{BoxingRecordSummary|draws=4|nc=|ko-wins=8|ko-losses=1|dec-wins=9|dec-losses=5|dq-wins=|dq-losses=}} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" !{{abbr|No.|Number}} !Result !Record !Opponent !Type !Round, time !Date !Location !Notes |- |27 |{{yes2}}Win |17-6-4 | style="text-align:left;" |{{flagicon|RUS}} Angel McKenzie |UD |10, 2:00 |27 Feb 2010 | style="text-align:left;" |{{flagicon|Kenya}} Charter Hall, Nairobi, Kenya | style="text-align:left;" | |- |26 |{{yes2}}Win |16-6-4 | style="text-align:left;" |{{flagicon|Kenya}} Batroba Lihavi |TKO |4 |29 Aug 2009 | style="text-align:left;" |{{flagicon|Kenya}} Chui Restaurant, Nairobi, Kenya | style="text-align:left;" | |- |25 |{{draw}}Draw |15-6-4 | style="text-align:left;" |{{flagicon|SWE}} [[Maria Lindberg]] |PTS |10, 2:00 |8 May 2009 | style="text-align:left;" |{{flagicon|SWE}} Royal Event Center, Spandau, Sweden | style="text-align:left;" | |- |24 |{{yes2}}Win |15-6-3 | style="text-align:left;" |{{flagicon|Kenya}} Charity Mukami |UD |6, 3:00 |28 Feb 2009 | style="text-align:left;" |{{flagicon|Kenya}} Hotel Casuarina, Buru Buru, Nairobi, Kenya | style="text-align:left;" | |- |23 |{{no2}}Loss |14-6-3 | style="text-align:left;" |{{flagicon|RUS}} [[Natascha Ragosina]] |UD |10, 2:00 |28 Nov 2008 | style="text-align:left;" |{{flagicon|GER}} Maritim Hotel, Magdeburg, Germany | style="text-align:left;" |<small> WBA and WBC Super middleweight titles. </small> |- |22 |{{no2}}Loss |14-5-3 | style="text-align:left;" |{{flagicon|RUS}} [[Natascha Ragosina]] |UD |10, 2:00 |11 Jul 2008 | style="text-align:left;" |{{flagicon|GER}} Germany Rundturnhalle, Cuxhaven, Germany | style="text-align:left;" |<small> GBU and WIBF Super middleweight titles. </small> |- |21 |{{yes2}}Win |14-4-3 | style="text-align:left;" |{{flagicon|Kenya}} Batroba Lihavi |TKO |3, 1:58 |13 Apr 2008 | style="text-align:left;" |{{flagicon|Kenya}} Club Afrique, Nairobi, Kenya | style="text-align:left;" | |- |20 |{{yes2}}Win |13-4-3 | style="text-align:left;" |{{flagicon|Kenya}} Charity Mukami |MD |6, 2:00 |8 Dec 2007 | style="text-align:left;" |{{flagicon|Kenya}} Charter Hall, Nairobi, Kenya | style="text-align:left;" | |- |19 |{{yes2}}Win |12-4-3 | style="text-align:left;" |{{flagicon|Zimbabwe}} Emily Kabwalo |PTS |6, 2:00 |14 Jul 2007 | style="text-align:left;" |{{flagicon|Kenya}} Moi International Sport Centre, Kasarani, Kenya | style="text-align:left;" | |- |18 |{{yes2}}Win |11-4-3 | style="text-align:left;" |{{flagicon|Kenya}} Jalala Salum |KO |2 |12 May 2007 | style="text-align:left;" |{{flagicon|Kenya}} Charter Hall, Nairobi, Kenya | style="text-align:left;" | |- |17 |{{yes2}}Win |10-4-3 | style="text-align:left;" |{{flagicon|Tanzania}} Monica Mwakasanga |TKO |5 |10 Mar 2007 | style="text-align:left;" |{{flagicon|Kenya}} Nyayo National Stadium, Nairobi, Kenya | style="text-align:left;" | |- |16 |{{no2}}Loss |9-4-3 | style="text-align:left;" |{{flagicon|USA}} Laura Ramsey |TKO |6 |20 Jan 2007 | style="text-align:left;" |{{flagicon|Kenya}} Travellers Beach Hotel & Club, Mombasa, Kenya | style="text-align:left;" |<small> GBU Female World Middleweight title</small> |- |15 |{{no2}}Loss |9-3-3 | style="text-align:left;" |{{flagicon|USA}} Janaya Davis |PTS |6, 2:00 |2 Dec 2006 | style="text-align:left;" |{{flagicon|Kenya}} Moi International Sport Centre, Nairobi, Kenya | style="text-align:left;" | |- |14 |{{yes2}}Win |9-2-3 | style="text-align:left;" |{{flagicon|Uganda}} Florence Nalukwago |UD |6, 2:00 |5 Aug 2006 | style="text-align:left;" |{{flagicon|Kenya}} Nyayo National Stadium, Nairobi, Kenya | style="text-align:left;" | |- |13 |{{no2}}Loss |8-2-3 | style="text-align:left;" |{{flagicon|USA}} Yvonne Reis |SD |10, 2:00 |1 Apr 2006 | style="text-align:left;" |{{flagicon|Kenya}} Moi International Sport Centre, Nairobi, Kenya | style="text-align:left;" |<small> WBC World Female Middleweight title</small> |- |12 |{{yes2}}Win |8-1-3 | style="text-align:left;" |{{flagicon|Zimbabwe}} Monalisa Sibanda |UD |6, 2:00 |4 Feb 2006 | style="text-align:left;" |{{flagicon|Kenya}} Nyayo National Stadium, Nairobi, Kenya | style="text-align:left;" | |- |11 |{{yes2}}Win |7-1-3 | style="text-align:left;" |{{flagicon|Argentina}} Guillermina Fernandez |TKO |1, 1:42 |24 Dec 2005 | style="text-align:left;" |{{flagicon|Kenya}} Kenyatta International Conference Centre, Nairobi, Kenya | style="text-align:left;" |<small> WBF Women's Middleweight title</small> |- |10 |{{yes2}}Win |6-1-3 | style="text-align:left;" |{{flagicon|Tanzania}} Monica Mwakasanga |TKO |9 |21 Aug 2005 | style="text-align:left;" |{{flagicon|Kenya}}Moi International Sport Centre, Nairobi, Kenya | style="text-align:left;" |<small> WIBF World Middleweight title</small> |- |9 |{{yes2}}Win |5-1-3 | style="text-align:left;" |{{flagicon|Tanzania}} Monica Mwakasanga |KO |5 |25 Mar 2005 | style="text-align:left;" |{{flagicon|Kenya}} Nyayo National Stadium, Nairobi, Kenya | style="text-align:left;" | |- |8 |{{yes2}}Win |4-1-3 | style="text-align:left;" |{{flagicon|Uganda}} Fiona Tugume |UD |10, 2:00 |19 Dec 2004 | style="text-align:left;" |{{flagicon|Kenya}} Nyayo National Stadium, Nairobi, Kenya | style="text-align:left;" |<small> GBU Female Middleweight title</small> |- |7 |{{no2}}Loss |3-1-3 | style="text-align:left;" |{{flagicon|Tanzania}} Monica Mwakasanga |UD |6, 2:00 |15 Nov 2004 | style="text-align:left;" |{{flagicon|Tanzania}} Tripple A Hotel, Arusha, Tanzania | style="text-align:left;" | |- |6 |{{yes2}}Win |3-0-3 | style="text-align:left;" |{{flagicon|Uganda}} Fiona Tugume |KO |7 |23 Oct 2004 | style="text-align:left;" |{{flagicon|Kenya}} Nyayo National Stadium, Nairobi, Kenya | style="text-align:left;" |<small>Africa Women's Middleweight Title</small> |- |5 |{{draw}}Draw |2-0-3 | style="text-align:left;" |{{flagicon|Kenya}} Jane Kavulani |PTS |4, 2:00 |28 Aug 2004 | style="text-align:left;" |{{flagicon|Kenya}} Jam Rescue 2 Club, Nairobi, Kenya | style="text-align:left;" | |- |4 |{{draw}}Draw |2-0-2 | style="text-align:left;" |{{flagicon|Kenya}} [[Fatuma Zarika]] |PTS |4, 2:00 |13 Dec 2003 | style="text-align:left;" |{{flagicon|Kenya}} Nyayo National Stadium, Nairobi, Kenya | style="text-align:left;" | |- |3 |{{yes2}}Win |2-0-1 | style="text-align:left;" |{{flagicon|Kenya}} Jane Kavulani |PTS |4, 2:00 |15 May 2003 | style="text-align:left;" |{{flagicon|Kenya}} Nairobi, Kenya | style="text-align:left;" | |- |2 |{{draw}}Draw |1-0-1 | style="text-align:left;" |{{flagicon|Kenya}} Damaris Muthoni |PTS |4, 2:00 |Sept 9, 2002 | style="text-align:left;" |{{flagicon|Kenya}} Nairobi, Kenya | style="text-align:left;" | |- |1 |{{yes2}}Win |1-0-0 | style="text-align:left;" |{{flagicon|Kenya}} Naomi Wanjiku |PTS |4, 2:00 |8 Jun 2002 | style="text-align:left;" |{{flagicon|Kenya}} Nairobi, Kenya | style="text-align:left;" | |- |} == Hụkwa == * Ndepụta nke ụmụ nwanyị na-akụ ọkpọ * Ndị Luo nke Kenya na Tanzania == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20240320164610/http://www.awakeningfighters.com/athletes/conjestina-achieng/ Conjestina Achieng] na Awakening Fighters[http://www.awakeningfighters.com/ Ndị Agha Na-akpọlite] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20070308142050/http://www.wban.org/biog/cachieng.htm Akụkọ ndụ WBAN] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20150316101047/http://boxrec.com/list_bouts.php?human_id=227146&cat=boxer Nkwupụta na boxrec.com] [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] m3fny8gd3x50gi8i9cb7suka6fq7153 0 39446 727550 579997 2026-09-24T07:41:09Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727550 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}  '''Christine Patiance Manie''' (amụrụ <ref>{{Cite news|title=Cameroon's goalscoring star aims for more history|url=https://www.fifa.com/womensworldcup/news/y=2015/m=3/news=cameroon-s-goalscoring-star-aims-for-more-history-2577904.html|accessdate=6 June 2015|publisher=[[FIFA]]|date=24 March 2015|archive-date=11 May 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150511194957/http://www.fifa.com/womensworldcup/news/y=2015/m=3/news=cameroon-s-goalscoring-star-aims-for-more-history-2577904.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>4 Mee 1984) bụ onye egwuregwu, Cameroon nke na-egwu egwu dịka onye mgbachitere French Yzeure na otu egwuregwu egwuregwu ụmụ Cameroon . N'ahọmpị ụmụnwanyị Afrịka nke afọ 2014, Manie ikike onye mmeri nke oge ọzọ na ọkara nke ikpeazụ nke Ivory Coast, bụ nke butere Cameroon na nche Iko Mbaụwa nke FIFA nke mbụ ha. == Nkwanye ugwu == ; Ụlọ ọrụ FK Minsk * Iko ụmụ nwanyị Belarusian : 2011 ; CFF Olimpia Cluj * Romanian Superliga : 2012–13, 2013–14, 2014–15 * Iko ụmụ nwanyị Romania : 2013, 2014, 2015 == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * Christine Manie – FIFA competition record (archived) * Christine Manie at Soccerway * [http://www.soccerdonna.de/de/christine-patiance-manie/profil/spieler_16278.html Profile] at soccerdonna.de (in German) *   [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] {{DEFAULTSORT:Manie, Christine}} qev9m9h7j6scwpqmwuy70syoltu0eas 0 39468 727441 444607 2026-09-23T23:48:50Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727441 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Audie N. Cornish''' <ref>{{Cite news|author=Audie N. Cornish, [[Associated Press]] Writer|title=Harvard Professor Makes Hip-Hop CD|work=[[The Washington Post]]|date=November 6, 2001|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/aponline/20011106/aponline142029_000.htm|accessdate=January 26, 2015|archive-date=October 28, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141028073605/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/aponline/20011106/aponline142029_000.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref> (amụrụ n'Oktoba 9, 1979) bụ onye nta akụkọ Amerika na onye bụbu onye na-akwado NPR's Echebara ihe niile echiche. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|author=Otterson|first=Joe|date=2019-02-05|title=NPR Host Audie Cornish Signs With CAA (EXCLUSIVE)|url=https://variety.com/2019/biz/news/npr-audie-cornish-caa-1203129073/|accessdate=2020-06-19|work=Variety|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=January 7, 2022|title=NPR.org|work=[[NPR]]|url=https://www.npr.org/2022/01/07/1071409724/audie-cornish-leaves-all-things-considered|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220107215752/https://www.npr.org/2022/01/07/1071409724/audie-cornish-leaves-all-things-considered|archivedate=2022-01-07}}</ref> Ọ bụ onye na-eme ihe ngosi na onye na-ede akwụkwọ maka CNN na onye na'ihu Ihe omume ahụ, podcast nke CNN Audio . <ref>{{Cite web|title=CNN Profiles - Audie Cornish - Anchor and Correspondent|work=CNN|url=https://www.cnn.com/profiles/audie-cornish}}</ref> Ọ bụbu onye na-elekọta ''Profaịlụ'' site na BuzzFeed News, ihe ngosi ajụjụ ọnụ naanị na weebụ nke were otu oge, yana NPR Presents, usoro mkparịta ụka ogologo oge na ndị na-emepụta ihe gbasara ọrụ ha, usoro, na ịkpụzi ọdịbendị na Amerika.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|author=Beaujon|first=Andrew|date=2018-09-10|title=NPR's Audie Cornish on BuzzFeed, Trump, And How To Begin an Interview|url=https://www.washingtonian.com/2018/09/10/audie-cornish-buzzfeed-trump-how-to-begin-an-interview/|accessdate=2020-06-19|work=Washingtonian|language=en-US}}</ref> == Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ == A mụrụ Cornish na Randolph, Massachusetts, nne na nna ya bụ ndị Jamaica. Ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị Randolph. <ref>{{Cite news|title=Born broadcaster|work=UMass Magazine Online|date=2005|url=http://www.umass.edu/umassmag/archives/2001/spring2001/branches.html|accessdate=January 26, 2015}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|author=Teresa A. Franco|title=Randolph native to host National Public Radio show|publisher=Community Newspaper Company|work=WickedLocal.com|date=August 30, 2011|url=http://www.wickedlocal.com/article/20110830/News/308309545|accessdate=January 26, 2015}}</ref> O mechara gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Mahadum Massachusetts-Amherst na nzere odeakụkọ.<ref name="NPR Bio">{{Cite web|title=Audie Cornish: NPR Profile|url=https://www.npr.org/people/4986687/audie-cornish|publisher=National Public Radio|accessdate=September 4, 2011|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110729065127/http://www.npr.org/people/4986687/audie-cornish|archivedate=July 29, 2011}}</ref> N'oge ọ nọ n'ebe ahụ, ọ na-arụ ọrụ na NPR ma rụọ ọrụ na ụlọ ọrụ redio WMUA.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Larry Parnass|title=UMass grad Audie Cornish, NPR veteran, lands Sunday anchor slot|url=http://www.gazettenet.com/blog/gazetteer/umass-grad-audie-cornish-npr-veteran-lands-sunday-anchor-slot-0|publisher=|work=Gazettenet.com|date=May 15, 2011|accessdate=September 4, 2011}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|author=Cori Urban|title='All Things Considered' host Audie Cornish to attend opening of New England Public Radio facility in downtown Springfield|quote=Cornish, originally from Boston and a 2001 graduate of the University of Massachusetts-Amherst with a bachelor's degree in journalism...|work=[[The Republican (Springfield, Massachusetts)|The Republican]]|date=September 2, 2014|url=http://www.masslive.com/entertainment/index.ssf/2014/09/all_things_considered_host_aud.html|accessdate=January 26, 2015}}</ref> == Ọrụ == Ọrụ ndị gara aga gụnyere ịkọ akụkọ maka ụlọ ọrụ NPR WBUR, maka Associated Press na Boston, na maka NPR na steeti ndịda 10 na nsogbu Capitol Hill. O keere òkè na ihe nrite mbụ nke afọ 2005 na Ihe nrite mba maka ide akwụkwọ agụmakwụkwọ maka ọmụmụ nke ọdịiche dị n'etiti agbụrụ. Ọ bụ onye otu National Association of Black Journalists . <ref name="BostonMag">{{Cite news|author=Nanos|first=Janelle|title=Person of Interest: Audie Cornish|url=http://www.bostonmagazine.com/2011/09/person-of-interest-audie-cornish/|accessdate=February 4, 2014|work=Boston Magazine|date=October 2011}}</ref> === ''Mbipụta ngwụsị izu'' na Ihe niile A Na-atụle''Ihe nile A Na-atụle'' ===   Na Septemba 4, 2011, Cornish nọchiri Liane Hansen na NPR's ''Mbipụta ngwụcha izu ụka''. Hansen jere ozi dị ka onye na-elekọta ihe ngosi ahụ ihe karịrị afọ 20. Na ngwụcha Disemba 18, 2011, mgbasa ozi nke Mbipụta izu ụka, Cornish kwupụtara na ọ ga-ahapụ mmemme ahụ na Jenụwarị 2012 iji soro na-akwado Echebara ihe niile echiche n'oge afọ ntuli aka 2012, nke Rachel Martin ga-anọchi na Jenụwaị 8.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.npr.org/player/v2/mediaPlayer.html?action=1&t=3&islist=true&id=10&d=12-18-2011|title=NPR Media Player|publisher=National Public Radio|work=npr.org|accessdate=2014-02-08}}</ref> E mechara kọọ na mgbanwe ahụ bụ n'ihi mkpebi Michele Norris ịpụ na Echebara ihe niile echiche n'oge afọ ntuli aka 2012 n'ihi na di ya ewerela ọnọdụ na mkpọsa ntuli aka Obama.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.michiganradio.org/post/new-atc-and-weekend-edition-sunday-hosts|title=New ATC and Weekend Edition Sunday hosts|publisher=Michigan Radio|date=2012-01-06|accessdate=2014-02-08}}</ref> Na Jenụwarị 3, 2013, NPR kwupụtara na Cornish ga-anọgide na-abụ onye na-elekọta ihe ngosi ahụ nakwa na Norris ga-alaghachi dị ka onye nnọchi anya pụrụ iche.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Memmott|first=Mark|url=https://www.npr.org/blogs/thetwo-way/2013/01/03/168531534/nprs-michele-norris-returning-as-host-special-correspondent|title=NPR's Michele Norris Returning As Host/Special Correspondent : The Two-Way|publisher=National Public Radio|work=npr.org|date=2013-01-03|accessdate=2014-02-08}}</ref> N'ọnwa Ọgọstụ 2017, Cornish kwupụtara na ọ ga-ahapụ NPR n'oge ezumike nne ya. N'oge ezumike ya, o bipụtara ajụjụ ọnụ mgbe ụfọdụ na The New York Times Magazine.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Cornish|first=Audie|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/11/29/magazine/cornel-west-doesnt-want-to-be-a-neoliberal-darling.html|date=2017-11-29|title=Cornel West Doesn't Want to Be a Neoliberal Darling|work=The New York Times|accessdate=2018-01-15}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=Cornish|first=Audie|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/01/03/magazine/masha-gessen-is-worried-about-outrage-fatigue.html|date=2018-01-03|title=Masha Gessen Is Worried About Outrage Fatigue|work=The New York Times|accessdate=2018-01-15}}</ref> Echebara ihe niile echiche nwere ndị na-ege ntị nde mmadụ iri na anọ kwa izu. <ref name=":0"/><ref name=":1"/> Na Jenụwarị 4, 2022, Cornish kwupụtara ọpụpụ ya na NPR iji sonye na The Great Resignation ma "gbalị ihe ọhụrụ". Onye na-akwado ya bụ Ari Shapiro kwuru na NPR na-agba ndị ọbịa si n'ebe ndị a na-anọghị n'ebe ọzọ. <ref>{{Cite news|date=January 5, 2022|title=NPR is losing some of its Black and Latino hosts. Colleagues see a larger crisis.|work=[[The Washington Post]]|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/media/audie-cornish-npr-all-things-considered/2022/01/05/48e2d306-6d86-11ec-aaa8-35d1865a6977_story.html|first=Paul|author=Farhi}}</ref> Ọpụpụ Cornish sochiri ọpụpụ nke ndị ọbịa NPR bụ Noel King na Lulu Garcia-Navarro. <ref>{{Cite news|author=Robertson|first=Katie|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/01/05/business/audie-cornish-npr.html|title=Audie Cornish, host of 'All Things Considered,' is leaving NPR|work=The New York Times|date=5 January 2022|accessdate=5 January 2022}}</ref> === Ọrụ ndị ọzọ === Site na 2018 ruo 2019, Cornish kwadoro Profaịlụ, ihe ngosi TV nke Buzzfeed News nke e wepụtara naanị na Facebook.<ref>{{Cite web|title=PROFILE by BuzzFeed News|url=https://www.facebook.com/profilebuzzfeednews/|accessdate=2020-06-19|work=facebook.com|language=en}}</ref> Facebook kwadoro ihe ngosi a dị ka akụkụ nke nrụgide mmekọrịta na itinye ego na mmemme akụkọ vidiyo site na ikpo okwu Facebook Watch.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Spangler|first=Todd|date=2018-07-10|title=BuzzFeed News Taps NPR's Audie Cornish for Facebook Watch Interview Series|url=https://variety.com/2018/digital/news/buzzfeed-npr-audie-cornish-facebook-watch-1202869717/|accessdate=2020-06-19|work=Variety|language=en}}</ref> Ihe omume ọ bụla nke ''Profaịlụ'' gosipụtara "onye na-ede akụkọ dị iche iche kwa izu, na-enye ndị na ekiri ohere ịnụ site na aha kachasị na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, teknụzụ, azụmahịa, na ntụrụndụ".[3] Mgbe ọ gbara arụkwaghịm na NPR na mbido 2022, Cornish tweeted, "M na-atụ anya ohere ọhụrụ na ụzọ ọhụrụ iji kọọ akụkọ na ịnọgide na achọta ụzọ iji mee ohere ma mee ka olu ndị a hapụrụ n'èzí. " Na Jenụwarị 10, 2022, a mara ọkwa na Cornish sonyeere CNN + iji kwado ihe ngosi kwa izu. <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/01/10/business/audie-cornish-npr-cnn.html|title=Audie Cornish, the former NPR host, heads to CNN+|work=The New York Times|date=10 January 2022|author=Koblin|first=John}}</ref> Na Nọvemba 17, 2022, podcast kwa izu nke Cornish Ihe omume ahụ na Audie Cornish wepụtara ihe omume mbụ ya. <ref>{{Cite web|title=The Assignment with Audie Cornish - Podcast on CNN Audio|url=https://www.cnn.com/audio/podcasts/the-assignment|accessdate=2023-06-04|work=CNN|language=en-US}}</ref> Ọrụ ahụ, "na-adọta ndị na-ege ntị n'ime ụlọ nzaghachi dijitalụ ha ka ha nụ n'aka ndị mmadụ na-ebi n'isi akụkọ," ma nata onyinye "Best Interview Podcast" na 2023 Ambies. <ref>{{Cite web|title=CNN Profiles - Audie Cornish - Anchor and Correspondent|url=https://www.cnn.com/profiles/audie-cornish|accessdate=2023-06-04|work=CNN}}</ref> == Ndụ onwe onye == Audie Cornish lụrụ onye edemede na onye nta akụkọ bụ Theo Emery . <ref name="BostonMag2">{{Cite news|author=Nanos|first=Janelle|title=Person of Interest: Audie Cornish|url=http://www.bostonmagazine.com/2011/09/person-of-interest-audie-cornish/|accessdate=June 18, 2016|work=Boston Magazine|date=October 2011}}</ref> O nwere ụmụ abụọ ma na-ekwukarị banyere ihe ịma aka nke ijikọ ọrụ na ndụ ezinụlọ.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Johnson|first=Greta|date=2018-06-01|title='This Is A Work In Progress': NPR's Audie Cornish On Being A New Mom|url=https://www.wbez.org/stories/power-up-nprs-audie-cornish/2c29116f-f942-4ad8-925b-81ccc2e83779|accessdate=2020-06-19|work=WBEZ Chicago|language=en|archivedate=2020-06-21|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200621080116/https://www.wbez.org/stories/power-up-nprs-audie-cornish/2c29116f-f942-4ad8-925b-81ccc2e83779}}</ref> == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * Audie CornishnaTwitter * Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ gọọmentị [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] m7jwxqtssytz4nsuoxi11zjvq3vocr3 0 39620 727560 707303 2026-09-24T08:23:08Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727560 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Claudia Roden''' CBE (née '''Douek''' ; amuru 1936) bu onye [[Egypt]] amuru onye ode akwukwo akwukwo nri na onye okachamara omenala sitere na agbụrụ Sephardi / Mizrahi . <ref name="JWA">{{Cite web|url=http://jwa.org/encyclopedia/article/roden-claudia|title=Claudia Roden &#124; Jewish Women's Archive|publisher=Jwa.org|date=2009-03-20|accessdate=2012-03-27}}</ref> <ref name="guardian1">{{Cite news|author=Rachel Cooke|url=https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2012/mar/18/claudia-roden-spanish-food-interview|title=Claudia Roden: interview &#124; Life and style &#124; The Observer|publisher=Guardian|date=2012-03-18|accessdate=2012-03-27}}</ref> <ref name="autogenerated2">{{Cite web|url=http://news.yale.edu/2010/10/12/renowned-food-writer-claudia-roden-serve-lecture-yale|title=YaleNews &#124; Renowned Food Writer Claudia Roden To Serve Up Lecture at Yale|publisher=News.yale.edu|date=2010-10-12|accessdate=2012-03-27}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|author=Camas|first=Joanne|url=http://www.epicurious.com/articlesguides/chefsexperts/interviews/claudia-roden-interview-recipes|title=A Conversation with Claudia Roden at|publisher=Epicurious.com|date=|accessdate=2012-03-27|archivedate=2012-03-19|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120319013244/http://www.epicurious.com/articlesguides/chefsexperts/interviews/claudia-roden-interview-recipes}}</ref> <ref name="princeclausfund1">{{Cite web|url=http://www.princeclausfund.org/fr/activities/stories-from-the-jewish-kitchen.html|title=Activities|publisher=Prince Claus Fund|date=2011-12-17|accessdate=2012-03-27|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130730174142/http://www.princeclausfund.org/fr/activities/stories-from-the-jewish-kitchen.html|archivedate=2013-07-30}}</ref> <ref name=":0">{{Cite news|author=Clark|first=Melissa|date=1 November 2021|title=Traveling the World for Recipes, but Always Looking for Home|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/11/01/dining/claudia-roden-middle-eastern-cooking.html|accessdate=13 November 2021}}</ref> A maara ya nke ọma dị ka onye edemede nke akwụkwọ nri Middle Eastern gụnyere ''A Book of Middle Eastern Food'', ''New Book of Middle Eastern Food'' and ''Arabesque &#x2014; Sumptuous Food from Morocco, Turkey and Lebanon'' . <ref name="guardian1" /> <ref name="autogenerated2" /> <ref name="princeclausfund1" /> <ref name="harpercollins1">{{Cite web|author=Claudia Roden|date=2010-03-24|title=Claudia Roden from HarperCollins Publishers|url=http://www.harpercollins.com/authors/30039/Claudia_Roden/index.aspx|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120124124645/http://harpercollins.com/authors/30039/Claudia_Roden/index.aspx|archivedate=2012-01-24|publisher=Harpercollins.com|accessdate=2012-03-27}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|author=Weigel|first=David|url=http://www.slate.com/articles/life/food/2006/12/forget_the_quran.html|title=Claudia Roden's new cookbook, Arabesque, an excellent primer on the Middle East. - Slate Magazine|publisher=Slate.com|date=6 December 2006|accessdate=2012-03-27}}</ref> == Ndụ mbido == A mụrụ Roden na 1936 na Cairo, Alaeze Egypt, ada Cesar Elie Douek na nwunye ya Nelly Sassoon. <ref name="JWA"/> Nne na nna ya sitere n'ezinụlọ ndị ahịa Siria na ndị Juu a ma ama bụ́ ndị si Aleppo kwaga na narị afọ gara aga; o tolitere na Zamalek, Cairo, ya na ụmụnne abụọ, dọkịta na-awa Ellis Douek, na Zaki Douek. <ref name="auto">{{Cite web|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/foodanddrink/10957190/Claudia-Roden-an-interview-with-the-champion-of-Middle-Eastern-food.html|title=Claudia Roden: an interview with the champion of Middle Eastern food|first=Elfreda|author=Pownall|date=13 July 2014|publisher=|accessdate=2 April 2018}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://harif.org/jews-of-egypt-with-dr-ellis-douek/|title=Jews of Egypt, with Dr Ellis Douek|author=|date=17 August 2013|work=harif.org|accessdate=2 April 2018}}</ref> <ref name=":0" /> Ọ bụ onye mmeri igwu mmiri na mba Egypt mgbe ọ dị afọ 15. <ref name="auto" /> Na 1951 Roden kwagara Paris wee gaa ụlọ akwụkwọ ụlọ akwụkwọ afọ atọ. Na 1954 ọ kwagara London ebe ọ gụrụ ihe osise na St. Martin's School of Art . Ya na ụmụnne ya nwoke Ellis Douek na Zaki Douek kesara ụlọ. N'otu ọnụ ụlọ dị na London, Roden, mgbe ọ na-esi nri maka ụmụnne ya, ọ malitere ịnwale isi nri. O chetara ntụziaka ezinụlọ sitere na Alphandary, pies with aubergine na spinach, na mint na atụrụ. Ha abụọ bụ nri anaghị esikarị na London n'oge ahụ, yabụ ịchọta ihe oriri na Lọndọn bụ ihe egwuregwu. <ref name="Claudia Roden">{{Cite web|title=Claudia Roden|url=https://jwa.org/encyclopedia/article/roden-claudia|accessdate=2022-07-30|work=Jewish Women's Archive|language=en}}</ref> Ọ laghachighị Ijipt ihe dị ka otu ụzọ n'ụzọ anọ nke narị afọ, nke ọma mgbe a chụpụrụ ezinụlọ ya na ọtụtụ ndị Juu nke Cairo; ọtụtụ akwụkwọ ya na-egosipụta agụụ ya maka omenala obodo dị nso nke funahụrụ, ọkachasị dịka e gosipụtara n'ihe nka nri na mmemme mmekọrịta ndị metụtara ha. <ref>{{Cite book|author=Roden|first=Claudia|title=The Book of Jewish Food: An Odyssey from Samarkand and Vilna to the Present Day|url=https://archive.org/details/bookofjewishfood00clau|publisher=Knopf|year=1996|isbn=9780394532585|location=New York|pages=Passim|language=English}}</ref> <ref name=":0" /> == Ọrụ == E wezụga ọtụtụ mpịakọta cookery ya, Roden arụkwara ọrụ dị ka onye ode akwụkwọ nri na onye na-egosi ihe ngosi nri maka BBC . <ref>{{Cite web|title=Claudia Roden|url=http://www.imdb.com/name/nm2556892/|accessdate=2022-07-30|work=IMDb}}</ref> Ndị na-ede ihe oriri na ndị isi nri dị ka Melissa Clark na Yotam Ottolenghi ekwuola na ọ na-ekere òkè dị ukwuu n'iwebata nri Egypt karịsịa na Middle East n'ozuzu na Britain na United States. Paul Levy na-agụ ya na ndị edemede nri ndị ọzọ dị ka Elizabeth David, Julia Child, Jane Grigson, na Sri Owen bụ ndị, site na 1950 gaa n'ihu, "mere mkparịta ụka gburugburu nri iji zaa ajụjụ banyere omenala, ọnọdụ, akụkọ ihe mere eme na njirimara." <ref name=":0" /> Ọtụtụ akwụkwọ nri ya, Clark na-ede, "ewepụtala ụdị ọrụ nke bụ akwụkwọ edemede na nyocha miri emi mgbe ọ ka nọ, n'obi, akwụkwọ ntuziaka bara uru banyere otu esi eme nri dị ụtọ." <ref name=":0" /> == Ọrụ == Onye isi oche (onye bụbu onye isi oche) nke Oxford Symposium on Food and Cookery (2012 – dị ugbu a) <ref>{{Cite web|title=About us|url=https://www.oxfordsymposium.org.uk/about-us/|accessdate=2022-07-30|work=Oxford Food Symposium|language=en-GB}}</ref> Onye nkwanye ugwu nke Mahadum Mahadum London (2008) <ref>{{Cite web|title=Ms Claudia Roden {{!}} Staff {{!}} SOAS University of London|url=https://www.soas.ac.uk/staff/staff77132.php|accessdate=2022-07-30|work=www.soas.ac.uk|date=31 October 2008|language=en}}</ref> Mahadum Yale Fellow, USA (2010 - 2011) <ref name="soas.ac.uk">{{Cite web|title=Ms Claudia Roden, Honorary Fellow, SOAS, University of London|url=https://www.soas.ac.uk/about/fellows/claudia-roden/|accessdate=2022-07-30|work=www.soas.ac.uk|language=en|archivedate=8 January 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210108172224/https://www.soas.ac.uk/about/fellows/claudia-roden/}}</ref> Ndị otu na-asọpụrụ nke Ụlọ Akwụkwọ nke Oriental na African Studies (2012) <ref name="soas.ac.uk"/> == Ndụ onwe onye == Na 1959, ọ lụrụ Paul Roden, bụ́ onye na-ebubata uwe, ha kewakwara mgbe afọ 15 gasịrị. <ref name="auto" /> Ha mụrụ ụmụ atọ. <ref name="auto" /> <ref name="auto1">{{Cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2014/may/18/claudia-roden-kitchen-diaries|title=Claudia Roden: 'My kids preferred beans on toast to hummus and pitta'|first=Tim|author=Lewis|date=18 May 2014|work=The Guardian|accessdate=2 April 2018}}</ref> Ọ bi na Hampstead Garden Suburb kemgbe mmalite 1970s. <ref name="auto1" /> == Ihe omume na onyinye == * 1997 - Akwụkwọ nrite nke mba ndị Juu na ngalaba Sephardic na Ashkenazic Culture na Customs maka ''Akwụkwọ nri ndị Juu'' <ref>{{Cite web|author=|first=|date=|title=Past Winners|url=https://www.jewishbookcouncil.org/awards/national-jewish-book-awards/past-winners?category=30778|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200605121452/https://www.jewishbookcouncil.org/awards/national-jewish-book-awards/past-winners?category=30778|archivedate=2020-06-05|accessdate=2020-01-25|work=Jewish Book Council|language=en}}</ref> * Roden bụ onye nkwado nke ndị ọrụ ebere HIV nke dabeere na London The Chain Food . <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.foodchain.org.uk/news/our_patrons/|title=our patrons|publisher=The Food Chain|date=1999-02-22|accessdate=2012-03-27|archivedate=2012-04-09|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120409192738/http://www.foodchain.org.uk/news/our_patrons/}}</ref> * 1999 - Prince Claus Award "n'ịkwado atụmatụ ya pụrụ iche na mmezu ya na ngalaba omenala." sitere na Prince Claus Fund, otu omenala na mmepe mba ụwa nke dabeere na Amsterdam . <ref name="Claudia Roden"/> * 2005 - André Simon Memorial Fund Nrite Akwụkwọ nri maka akwụkwọ akụkọ na-abụghị akụkọ maka Akwụkwọ nri ndị Juu. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Past winners of the Andre Simon Memorial Fund Awards - the annual awards for food and drink books.|url=http://www.andresimon.co.uk/past.html|accessdate=2022-07-30|work=www.andresimon.co.uk}}</ref> * 2005 - Glenfiddich Akwụkwọ nri kacha mma maka Arabesque. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Claudia Roden {{!}} Contributors {{!}} Frieze|url=https://www.frieze.com/contributor/claudia-roden|accessdate=2022-07-30|work=www.frieze.com|language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=Claudia Roden|url=https://www.davidhigham.co.uk/authors-dh/claudia-roden/|accessdate=2022-07-30|work=David Higham Associates|language=en-US}}</ref> * 2019 : Onye na-ahụ maka nri kwa ọnwa : Mmeri ndụ oge niile <ref>[[Bee Wilson]], "[https://www.theguardian.com/food/2019/oct/20/ofm-awards-2019-lifetime-achievement-claudia-roden OFM Awards 2019: Lifetime achievement – Claudia Roden]" in ''[[The Observer]]'' (20 October 2019)</ref> * 2022 - A họpụtara Roden ka ọ bụrụ [[Order of the British Empire|ọchịagha nke Order of the British Empire]] (CBE) na 2022 New Year Honors maka ọrụ na omenala nri. [[Usòrò:Harlan_Walker_on_eggs.JPG|thumb| Claudia Roden (n'aka nri) na Paul Levy (n'etiti) n'etiti ndị na-ekwurịta okwu na Oxford Symposium, 2006]] == Mbipụta == * 1968: ''A Book of Middle Eastern Food'', {{ISBN|978-0-394-71948-1}} (reprint) * 1970: ''A New Book of Middle Eastern Food'', {{ISBN|978-0-14-046588-4}} (reprint) * 1978 ''Coffee'', (Faber & Faber 1978) New updated edition Pavilion (1994) {{ISBN|978-1-85793-341-3}} * 1981: ''Picnic: The Complete Guide to Outdoor Food'', {{ISBN|978-0-14-046920-2}} (reprint) * 1986: ''Middle Eastern Cooking'', {{ISBN|0-7445-0653-0}} * 1987: ''Mediterranean Cookery,'' accompanied The BBC TV series ''(BBC Books 1987, newly enlarged edition Penguin Classic 1998)'' {{ISBN|978-0-14-027278-9}} (reprint) * 1990: ''The Food of Italy'', {{ISBN|978-0-09-927325-7}} (reprint) * 1992: ''Claudia Roden's Invitation to Mediterranean Cooking: 150 Vegetarian and Seafood Recipes'', {{ISBN|978-0-330-39169-6}} (reprint) * 1995: ''Everything Tastes Better Outdoors'', {{ISBN|0-517-12234-0}} (reprint) * 1996: ''The Book of Jewish Food: An Odyssey from Samarkand and Vilna to the Present Day'', {{ISBN|978-0-14-046609-6}} (reprint) * 1999: ''Coffee: A Connoisseur's Companion'', {{ISBN|978-1-86205-283-3}} * 1999: ''Tamarind and Saffron: Favourite Recipes from the Middle East'', {{ISBN|978-0-14-046694-2}} (reprint) * 2000: ''The New Book of Middle Eastern Food'', {{ISBN|0-375-40506-2}} * 2001: ''Picnics: And Other Outdoor Feasts'', {{ISBN|978-1-904943-17-4}} (reprint) * 2003: ''Claudia Roden's Foolproof Mediterranean Cooking'', {{ISBN|978-0-563-53496-9}} * 2003: Foreword to ''Traditional Moroccan Cooking'' by Madame Guinaudeau, {{ISBN|1-897959-43-5}} (reprint) * 2004: ''The Arab-Israeli Cookbook: The Recipes'', with Robin Soans, {{ISBN|978-0-9515877-5-1}} * 2005: ''Arabesque - Sumptuous Food from Morocco, Turkey and Lebanon'', {{ISBN|978-0-7181-4581-1}} * 2006: ''Arabesque: A Taste of Morocco, Turkey, and Lebanon'', {{ISBN|978-0-307-26498-5}} * 2007: ''Simple Mediterranean Cookery'', {{ISBN|978-0-563-49327-3}} * 2011: ''The Food of Spain'', {{ISBN|978-0-06-196962-1}} * 2021: ''Claudia Roden’s Mediterranean'', {{ISBN|978-1-9848-5974-7}} == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * [http://jwa.org/encyclopedia/article/roden-claudia Claudia Roden], ntinye nke Joan Nathan na ''ndị inyom Juu: A Comprehensive Historical Encyclopedia'' ( Jewish Women's Archive ), 20 Maachị 2009. eweghachiri Jenụwarị 5, 2010 * [http://arrow.dit.ie/oxfor/7/ Ajụjụ ọnụ Claudia Roden] nke Máirtín Mac Con Iomaire (Oxford Oral History Project) * [https://web.archive.org/web/20071017062726/http://www.waitrose.com/food/celebritiesandarticles/chefs/2007/October/Guest_chef_Claudia_Roden.aspx Were ụzọ Spice] - akụkọ sitere na Roden * [https://web.archive.org/web/20110520042825/http://www.penguin.co.uk/nf/Author/AuthorPage/0,,1000013895,00.html Capsule biography] na akwụkwọ Penguin * Archived [https://web.archive.org/web/20100131134159/http://www.bbc.co.uk/food/recipes/mostof_middleeasterncooking.shtml akụkọ ndụ Capsule] </link> na BBC * [https://www.soas.ac.uk/staff/staff77132.php Ibe ndị ọrụ na SOAS, Ụlọ Akwụkwọ nke Oriental na African Studies] {{DEFAULTSORT:Roden, Claudia}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 2uqrs0243r64pnye1vegwb6lzswavmy 0 43386 727585 192492 2026-09-24T10:49:06Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727585 wikitext text/x-wiki   DeGaulle Manor bụ ụlọ ọha na-akwado gọọmentị etiti na mpaghara Algiers nke New Orleans.  A maara ụlọ ndị ahụ maka mpụ ma bụrụ otu n'ime ụlọ ndị kasị ochie na nke kacha nwee nsogbu n'obodo ahụ tupu e mechie ya na 2012. O mesịrị ghọọ ebe a na-ekpofu ahịhịa na 2014, ghọrọ ọrụ nkà ka ọ na-eme ka ọ bụrụ graffiti.  ngosi. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.theadvocate.com/new_orleans/news/article_7ba63f0a-ea08-5b1f-aaa6-07a69d9ba821.html|title=One-day exhibit turns blight into art|first=DELLA|author=HASSELLE|work=theadvocate.com|accessdate=17 December 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170812022655/http://www.theadvocate.com/new_orleans/news/article_7ba63f0a-ea08-5b1f-aaa6-07a69d9ba821.html|archivedate=12 August 2017}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.wdsu.com/article/several-burned-cars-litter-blighted-algiers-complex/3370582|title=Several burned cars litter blighted Algiers complex|first=Blake|author=Hanson|date=6 May 2014|work=wdsu.com|accessdate=17 December 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170812021742/http://www.wdsu.com/article/several-burned-cars-litter-blighted-algiers-complex/3370582|archivedate=12 August 2017}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nola.com/news/crime_police/article_efee1d2d-b26a-59ee-95cb-1172a181c86c.html|title=Mother of two found shot to death in Algiers apartment complex|first=Allen Powell II, The Times|author=Picayune|work=NOLA.com}}</ref> == Akụkọ ihe mere eme == <ref>{{Cite news|title=Officials witness demolition of Algiers public housing complex|url=http://www.nola.com/politics/index.ssf/2013/04/officials_witness_demolition_o.html|archive-date=2014-05-05|access-date=2024-04-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140505005619/http://www.nola.com/politics/index.ssf/2013/04/officials_witness_demolition_o.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>Ụlọ ụlọ 450-unit meghere na 1964, nwere ụlọ 12 5-6 ihe mere eme nke a maara dị ka "Bridge Plaza."  Ndị otu Black Panther Party so na ndị isi ojii mbụ bata n'ime ụlọ yana egwuregwu New Orleans Saints .  N'ihe dị ka akwa 1970, ọtụtụ ụlọ 200 bụ ndị ụmụaka ụlọ na-ahụ maka ụlọ na-agbazinye, ụfọdụ ndị Red Cross na-elekọta ma na-akwado ya.  Ọ mechara bụrụ ụlọ nke ngalaba 8 na-akpata obere ego nke Ngalaba Housing and Urban Development (HUD) US na-arụ.  [1] [2] N'agbata 1970 na ogbugbu a, ọ dịghị onye nwe ya debere ihe mmetụta ahụ ihe afụ asaa;  na oge ọ alụlụ aka, ndị nwe ahụ mere obere obere iji dozie ọtụtụ nsogbu ndị bilitere n'okpuru ndabere nke ndị nwe mbụ.  [3] Ka ọ na-erule n'etiti afọ 1980, ọ bụ naanị ụgwọ 364 ka ebe ndị ọzọ gbahapụrụ ndị squatters bụ ndị ga-ezukọ ụlọ ụlọ.  [4] Site na njikwa na-adịghị mma, ụlọ ndị ahụ dabara n' ike dị egwu na ike ime ụlọ mebiri site na ntanye mmiri nke ọkpọkọ nchara na igwe elu gbajiri agbaji.  Oke oke na ọkpa ọkpa na-efe efe na-foto ebe a na-ekpofu mmiri na-ere nke ekpo mkpọ n'ihe mkpọfu juru ebe niile.  okporo okporo ndị dị na mbara ihu bụ nchara ọnụ ụzọ nke na-akpa emechi.  mbu ụzọ ụzọ ndị gbajiri agbaji mere ka ime anya dị mfe maka ndị na-ere ọgwụ ike ikesa ọgwụ n'ihu ọha.  N'afọ 1993, akwụkwọ ahụ ozi otu n'ime mpaghara anọ nke NOPD maka ọrụ na ime ihe ike.  [5] Ehi na igbu ọchụ na-eme ugboro ugboro ruo n'ókè nke ụlọ ọrụ tagzi obodo ọrụ ụgbọ ala gburugburu mpaghara ahụ.  [6] [7] [8] N'afọ 1996, HUD mebiri ụlọ ụlọ 39 gbahapụrụ agbahapụ nke a na-ebo ebubo na a na-eji ya dị ka ebe heroin .  N'afọ ahụ, na-enye aha ya Live Oaks.  Na Disemba 2000 Woody Koppel, Neal Morris na Mark Schreiner ndị visa maka maka nde $5 na-atụ anya anya ya mana ọtụtụ ụlọ ka dara egwuregwu HUD.  Ka ọ na-erule mgbe ahụ ọ na-efe efu maka ire heroin, ịgba akwụkwọna na ime ihe ike.  Ndị obodo ahụ ikpe mpaghara aha "D-block."  [9] Na 2005 ka Hurricane Katrina wachara, 135 n'ime mkpa 364 mebiri.  Otu akara akara ka bi n' ruo mgbe a ịchụpụrụ ha na Ekele.  [10] Johnson Properties Group ndị arọ anya ma nwee ike rụkwaa ndụ 160. [11] N'afọ 2007, Common Ground Collective akpụkpọ ụlọ ahụ n'aka Johnson Properties Group, na-akpọ ya ndị Crescent City Gates.  Wall nke akwụkwọ ahụ meghere n'oge ahụ ma tinye n'ụdị na-adịghị mma na mkpọ na òké na-efesa ụlọ ndị ahụ.  Crescent City Gates dị mma ogbugbu a, a ga-akwatu ya ma jiri ụlọ egwuregwu ቢያንስ ya.  [12] North nke Crescent City Gates bụ Christopher Homes Development, ụlọ ọzọ mebiri emebi kwaturu na 2013 === Kevin Mosley ọnwụ === Na October 28, 1999, Kevin Joseph Mosley dị afọ 13 na-eleta nwanne nne ya. Mosley si n'oghere mepere emepe rịgoro n'elu cab nke elevator wee rapara wee gwerie ya. Mgbe awa ole na ole gachara, e wepụrụ mgbidi iji bupụta ya n'ogwe mbuli. Ekwuru na Mosley nwụrụ n'isi ụtụtụ nke Ọktoba 29, 1999. Ọnwụ ezighi ezi nke Mosley kpatara nleghara anya nke DeGaulle Manor n'okpuru echiche nke ụgwọ siri ike, nleghara anya dị ukwuu, nleghara anya na nleghara anya. Carolyn Kitzman bụ onye njikwa ụlọ n'oge Kevin Mosley nwụrụ. Carolyn Kitzman kparịtara ụka na ndị nwe ụlọ dị ugbu a wee were ma na-elekọta ndị ọrụ nchekwa nke na-ehicha ime ime ụgbọ ala mbuli elu. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://casetext.com/case/bienaime-v-kitzman|title=Casetext|work=casetext.com|accessdate=17 December 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171003075626/https://casetext.com/case/bienaime-v-kitzman|archivedate=3 October 2017}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives?p_product=TP&p_theme=tp&p_action=search&p_maxdocs=200&s_dispstring=BOY+CRUSHED+BETWEEN+WALL+AND+ELEVATOR+AND+date(1/1/1999+to+11/29/1999)&p_field_date-0=YMD_date&p_params_date-0=date:B,E&p_text_date-0=1/1/1999+to+11/29/1999)&p_field_advanced-0=&p_text_advanced-0=(BOY+CRUSHED+BETWEEN+WALL+AND+ELEVATOR)&xcal_numdocs=20&p_perpage=10&p_sort=_rank_:D&xcal_ranksort=4&xcal_useweights=yes|title=New Orleans, LA Local News, Breaking News, Sports & Weather - NOLA.com|work=nl.newsbank.com}}</ref> == Agbapụ ndị uwe ojii == * April 6, 2000: Otu onye uwe ojii New Orleans gbagburu otu nwa nwoke dị afọ 12 nke bi n'otu ụlọ gbahapụrụ agbahapụ ya na nwanne ya nwoke dị afọ 13 n'olu site n'aka onye uwe ojii New Orleans na-achọ ụlọ ahụ maka onye a na-enyo enyo igbu ọchụ. Nwa nwoke ahụ dị afọ 12 akpọrọ Troy Harvey ka agbagara n'ụlọ ọgwụ Charity mgbe onye uwe ojii Ricky Blanchard gbagburu ya n'ihe dị ka elekere asaa nke abalị, onye kwuru na Troy si n'ọnụ ụlọ gbapụta n'ụlọ dị na Vespasian na okporo ụzọ Murl. A tụrụ Troy na ụmụnne ya nwoke Adrien na Corey Harvey akwụkwọ n'ụlọ nga maka mpụ na-emejọ na ịgbalị ịtọpụ onye uwe ojii. E mechara hapụ ụmụnna. <ref>https://nola.newsbank.com/search?text=12%20year%20old%20boy%20shot%20%20%20boy%20Troy%20Harvey%20&date_from=2000&date_to=2000&pub%5B0%5D=TPIC</ref> * June 3, 2001: Onye uwe ojii District nke anọ bụ Kevin Smith gbagburu Erik Daniels dị afọ 18 nke a na-enye ikike njide maka batrị ka njọ. Ndị uwe ojii New Orleans kwuru na a gbagburu ya n'ime obi n'ihe dị ka elekere 3 nke abalị na 2300 ngọngọ nke Murl Street wee nwụọ obere oge ka agbagburu ya na ụlọ ọgwụ Charity . Onye na-ekwuchitere ndị uwe ojii Lt. Marlon Defillo kwuru na Smith kwenyere na onye a na-enyo enyo na-ebupụta ngwa agha n'okpuru uwe elu ya. Ndị ikwu Erik Daniels rụrụ ụka gbasara akụkọ ndị uwe ojii gbasara ogbunigwe ahụ, na-ekwu na ndị ọchịchị tiri onye ahụ ihe mere ma tụpụ ozu ya na mbara ihu. Ọ nweghị ebubo e boro onye uwe ojii Smith. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives?p_product=TP&p_theme=tp&p_action=search&p_maxdocs=200&s_dispstring=2300+murl+street+AND+date(6/4/2001+to+6/5/2001)&p_field_date-0=YMD_date&p_params_date-0=date:B,E&p_text_date-0=6/4/2001+to+6/5/2001)&p_field_advanced-0=&p_text_advanced-0=(2300+murl+street)&xcal_numdocs=20&p_perpage=10&p_sort=_rank_:D&xcal_ranksort=4&xcal_useweights=yes|title=New Orleans, LA Local News, Breaking News, Sports & Weather - NOLA.com|work=nl.newsbank.com}}</ref> * Nọvemba 8, 2001: Mgbọ gbara n'okporo ámá 2400 nke Murl Street n'etiti ndị uwe ojii mpaghara nke anọ na ndị ikom atọ mgbe ndị atọ ahụ nwara ịgbanahụ ndị ọchịchị mgbe ha gbasịrị ohi. Dị ka Times-Picayune si kwuo, ndị ikom ahụ na-eduga ndị ọchịchị na ịchụpụ anụ ọhịa tupu ha akwụsị n'azụ ụlọ ma na-agbapụ ụgbọ ala ahụ. Carlos Smith dị afọ 21 malitere iji egbe dị caliber 45 were ụkwụ gbagbuo ha. Abụọ n'ime ndị ọrụ uwe ojii weghachiri ọkụ na-achụ Smith onye gbapụrụ n'azụ ụlọ. Ndị uwe ojii ga-emecha jide Smith mgbe egbe ya Jammed. E jidekwara ndị ikom ndị ọzọ ma denye ha akwụkwọ ka ha ji ngwá agha zuru ohi. E boro Smith ebubo ebubo abụọ nke ịnwa igbu onye uwe ojii na ọkwa mbụ. <ref> https://caselaw.findlaw.com/court/la-court-of-appeal/1344648.html </ref> <ref> https://ubanlifestories.wordpress.com/2001-shootout/ </ref> * Disemba 10, 2004: Onye isi ndị uwe ojii District nke anọ, Capt. Louis Dabdoub, merụrụ ahụ n'ọgbụgba égbè dị nso na ogige ahụ mgbe ọ kwụsịrị onye a na-enyo enyo na ọ naghị arụ ọrụ. Dabdoub a gbagburu n'ụkwụ site n'aka otu onye na-eto eto nke meghere ya egbe, ndị uwe ojii kwuru. Dabdoub gbara ọtụtụ mgbọ azụ, mana onye a na-enyo enyo daa, bilie wee gbaba n'ime ogige ahụ. Mgbe agbapụ DeGaulle Manor etinyere na mkpọchi ebe ndị uwe ojii na-achọ ụlọ maka onye a na-enyo enyo. E jidere nwata ahụ ma mesịa gbaa ya ebubo na 2005. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives?p_product=TP&p_theme=tp&p_action=search&p_maxdocs=200&s_dispstring=Suspect+arrested+in+cop+shooting+AND+date(1/5/2005+to+1/5/2005)&p_field_date-0=YMD_date&p_params_date-0=date:B,E&p_text_date-0=1/5/2005+to+1/5/2005)&p_field_advanced-0=&p_text_advanced-0=(Suspect+arrested+in+cop+shooting)&xcal_numdocs=20&p_perpage=10&p_sort=_rank_:D&xcal_ranksort=4&xcal_useweights=yes|title=New Orleans, LA Local News, Breaking News, Sports & Weather - NOLA.com|work=nl.newsbank.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives?p_product=TP&p_theme=tp&p_action=search&p_maxdocs=200&s_dispstring=Police+commander+is+shot+by+teen+AND+date(12/11/2004+to+12/11/2004)&p_field_date-0=YMD_date&p_params_date-0=date:B,E&p_text_date-0=12/11/2004+to+12/11/2004)&p_field_advanced-0=&p_text_advanced-0=(Police+commander+is+shot+by+teen)&xcal_numdocs=20&p_perpage=10&p_sort=_rank_:D&xcal_ranksort=4&xcal_useweights=yes|title=New Orleans, LA Local News, Breaking News, Sports & Weather - NOLA.com|work=nl.newsbank.com}}</ref> === 2005 igbu ọchụ abụọ === Na May 8, 2005, ndị ọchịchị chọtara ozu ndị ikom abụọ dara ure, bụ́ ndị juru n'ime akpa ụgbọ ala a dọwara na 2900 block nke Vespasian Street. Ndị uwe ojii bịarutere wee hụ ụmụ nwoke abụọ nwụrụ, ha abụọ nwere mmerụ ahụ n'isi. E nweghị njide. <ref>https://nola.newsbank.com/search?date_from=may%2011%202005&date_to=may%2011%202005&text=2900%20block%20of%20Vespasian%20St.&content_added=&pub%5B0%5D=1223BCE5B718A166</ref> == NgosipụtaBe == <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.nola.com/arts/index.ssf/2015/01/exhibit_be_closing_celebration.html|title=Exhibit BE closing celebration and more things to do in New Orleans Monday|work=nola.com|accessdate=17 December 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170830055731/http://www.nola.com/arts/index.ssf/2015/01/exhibit_be_closing_celebration.html|archivedate=30 August 2017}}</ref> Na 2014, Brandan Odums na ndị ọrụ graffiti ya inye DeGaulle Manor ka ọ bụrụ ihe ngosi nka graffiti, na-ese ihe ọrụ nke ndị isi obodo ama na ndị na-eme ihe nkiri dị ka Tupac Shakur, Malcolm X, [[Martin Luther King, Jr.|Martin Luther King Jr]]  nke [[Muhammad]] Ali.  [1] Mgbidi dị na 3010 Sandra Drive dọtara mmadụ 3,000 mgbe Odums meghere ya dị ka ExhibitBe na 15 Nọvemba 2014. [2] A isiokwu ya dị ka "ihe ngosi nka n'okporo ụzọ otu saịtị na South America."  ExhibitBe mechiri na Jenụwarị 2015 na egwu egwu ndị egwu David Banner, [[Erykah Badu]], Dead Prez, Dee-1 na ịkwu nke Edna Karr High School Marching Band == Na omenala ewu ewu == ; Ihe nkiri * Emere ihe nkiri 2019 Black na Blue na ogige ahụ dị ka "Kingston Manor." <ref>{{Cite web|title='Can't fake it': Director Deon Taylor filled each frame of 'Black and Blue' with electric New Orleans|url=https://www.theadvocate.com/baton_rouge/entertainment_life/movies_tv/article_309d4bee-f765-11e9-bc0b-d71272741c0e.html|author=writer|first=JOHN WIRT {{!}} Contributing|work=The Advocate|language=en|accessdate=2020-05-08}}</ref> * E gosipụtara na oge 1 na usoro TV 2015 Zoo . * NCIS: Ihe nkiri New Orleans na 2400 Murl Street. * Egosiri na ihe nkiri 2012 Contraband . <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt1524137/locations?ref_=tt_dt_dt|title=Contraband (2012) - IMDb|work=[[IMDb]]}}</ref> * Egosiri na ihe nkiri 2020 " Ike Project " g3hz1uz4h71pdh397ahywb7etoqzflf 0 43574 727484 444191 2026-09-24T03:03:30Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727484 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox film | name = Black Nativity | alt = | caption = Theatrical release poster | director = [[Kasi Lemmons]] | producer = {{Plainlist| * [[William Horberg]] * [[T. D. Jakes]] * [[Galt Niederhoffer]] * [[Celine Rattray]] * [[Trudie Styler]] }} | screenplay = Kasi Lemmons | based_on = {{based on|''[[Black Nativity]]''|[[Langston Hughes]]}} | starring = {{Plainlist| * [[Forest Whitaker]] * [[Angela Bassett]] * [[Tyrese Gibson]] * [[Jacob Latimore]] * [[Mary J. Blige]] * [[Nas|Nasir Jones]] * [[Jennifer Hudson]] }} | music = {{Plainlist| * [[Laura Karpman]] * [[Raphael Saadiq]] }} | cinematography = Anastas N. Michos | editing = [[Terilyn A. Shropshire]] | studio = {{Plainlist| * [[Maven Pictures]] * Wonderful Films<ref name="afi">{{cite web|title=Black Nativity (2013)|work=[[AFI Catalog of Feature Films]]|accessdate=19 February 2021|url=http://catalog.afi.com/Film/69874-BLACK-NATIVITY?sid=348d5e86-18c9-4cea-9600-e4eceb32e5d0&sr=4.02207&cp=1&pos=5}}</ref> * [[TSG Entertainment]]<ref name="afi"/> * [[Ingenious Media]]<ref name="afi"/> * Bob Industries<ref name="afi"/> }} | distributor = [[Fox Searchlight Pictures]] | released = {{Film date|2013|11|27}} | runtime = 93 minutes<!--Theatrical runtime: 92:44--><ref>{{cite web |title=''BLACK NATIVITY'' (PG) |url=http://www.bbfc.co.uk/releases/black-nativity-film |publisher=[[British Board of Film Classification]] |date=November 7, 2013 |access-date=November 8, 2013 |archive-date=March 6, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160306111532/http://www.bbfc.co.uk/releases/black-nativity-film |url-status=dead}}</ref> | country = United States | language = English | budget = $17.5 million<ref name=BOM>{{cite web |title=Black Nativity|url=http://www.boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=blacknativity.htm |work=[[Box Office Mojo]] |publisher=[[IMDb]] |access-date=April 3, 2014}}</ref> | gross = $7.5 million<ref name="BOM" /> }}iro nwa ojii bụ ihe nkiri egwu America nke afọ 2013 nke Kasi Lemmons dere ma duzie ya, dabere na egwuregwu Langston Hughes '1961 nwere otu aha .  Ihe nkiri a na-egosi ihe nkedo ensemble, na-egosi Forest Whitaker, Angela Bassett, Tyrese Gibson, Jennifer Hudson, Mary J. Blige, Jacob Latimore, Vondie Curtis-Hall, na rapper Nas .  Dị na United States na November 27, 2013, saịtị na Fox Searchlight Pictures . == Atụmatụ == Mgbe a chụpụrụ nne ya, Naima, n'iche Baltimore ha, a na-ezi Langston dị afọ iri na ụma ka ya na nne na nna ya ochie nọ na New York City oge ezumike.  Ọ na-agwa otu nwoke a na-akpọ ịkpọya okwu na bọs.  (" Mgbe ụfọdụ ọ na-adị m ka nwa na-ahụ nne ") Mgbe Langston rutere n'obodo ahụ, nna nne na nna ochie ya na-atụ ya, n'oge na-adịghị ahụkwa anya, a napụrụ ya ihe mmetụta ya.  .  N'ịbanye n' oriri na-eji ojiji ejiri na ebe nna nna ya ochie, Langston boro ebubo na ọ na----ban-akpa akpa ma ndị uwe ojii na-ebuba ya ngwa ngwa.  Mgbe ọ nọ n'ọnụ ụlọ, ọ zutere otu nwoke na-akwa ya emo maka izu ohi obere akpa.  N'oge na-adịghị anya ka nke ahụ ọma, Langston na nna ya, bụ Reverend Cobbs, achọpụta ya na ya, bụ onye kpọgara ya n'ịlụ ya.  Ka ha na-aga, ha zutere otu nsogbu dị ime aha ya bụ Maria. Ọ-eme Langston n'anya site n' ahụ dị mma nne na nna ochie ochie bi na eziokwu ahụ na ha ike ihe ọ gbasara gbasara ya na nne ya Naima.  N'ị iko imekọ ọnụ na Langston, Reverend saacadaha nke elekere nke nwere ederede ahaziri iche sitere na Martin Luther King Jr. Langston na-etinye elekere n'akpa.  Maria & Jo-Jo bia carol na-abụ abụ (" Silent Night ") na Langston gwara na ha egwu ebe obibi . N'ụtụtụ, Langston na-agbalị ịkwanye elekere. Agbanyeghị, onye nwe pawnshop bụ enyi nna nna ya ma jụ ịzụrụ ya, na-agwa Langston ka o were elekere akpa ahụ kpọrọ ihe ma nyeghachi ya nna nna ya. N'èzí ụlọ ahịa pawnbroker, Langston zutere nwoke ọ zutere n'ụlọ mkpọrọ. Nwoke ahụ na-enyefe onye na-azụ ahịa akwụkwọ ozi ka ọ zụtara ya ihe ọ bụla ọ chọrọ. Langston gbalịrị ịgwa nne nne ya, Aretha, ihe mere nne ya ji pụọ. Ọ gọnarị na ọ bụ ya kpatara nkewa ahụ mana o kwuru na ọ bụ nna ya mere ha ji kewapụ onwe ha. Tupu ọ gawa ụka, Langston chọtara nwoke ahụ si n'ụlọ nga, otu nwoke ahụ si n'akụkụ nkuku pawnshop, wee rịọ ya ka o nye ya egbe. Nwoke ahụ gwazie Langston ka o zute ya n'otu ebe ma emechaa n'abalị. N'agbanyeghị na ọ ịga ụka, Aretha na Reverend na-arụgide ya ka ọ gaa egwuregwu ka ha na-eme egwuregwu Langston Hughes ' Black Nativity .  Langston na-ahụ nwoke ahụ si pawnshop & Maria na nwa nwanyị si na mbụ ihe.  Mgbe ọ nọ n'ebe ahụ, Langston na-arahụ Ụra ma na-arọ nrọ na ọ bụ nke ọnwụ (" Sweet Little Jesus Boy "), na Maria, nwa visual dị ime nke ọ zutere na mbụ, na-egwu egwu.  nke nwa nwanyị na-egwu nwoke Mary.  N'ịbụ onye na-eteta n'ụra, Langston በቀላሉ ahụ ahụ ka ya na nwoke ọ zutere n'ahụ ịhụ zute.  Nwoke ahụṣọ ya egbe ọ na-eji na Langston nara ya ya wee ejide ya, na-agbara ya ka o nye ya mgbanaka egwuregwu na mbụ na ngosi na ego niile dị na-eme ego pawnbroker.  Kama, nwoke ahụ hotara A Dream Deferred nye ya wee gosi na ya bụ nna Langston, Tyson.  Otu onye uwe ojii na-agafe ha abụọ bata, mana nna Langston mere ka ọ kwenye na nnwere onwe ha na-ese okwu na Langston na-enyere ime ka ya kwenye ka ya na ya gaa ụka.  Onye uwe ojii ahụ bugaziri ha gaa egwu ebe ha zutere Naima. N'ime ụka ya na nna ya na nne ya, Langston jụrụ nna nna ya ihe mere n'etiti nne na nna ya. Reverend na-ekwupụta na o nyere Tyson puku dollar ise ka ọ hapụ Naima na Langston, na-atụ anya na Naima ga-alaghachikwute nne na nna ya. Kama, Naima chọpụtara ihe nna ya mere wee hapụ Langston, bipụ ma Tyson na ndị mụrụ ya. Naima gbalịrị iso Langston pụọ, ma ọ na-agba ya ume ịgbaghara ndị mụrụ ya. Ọ na-eme otú ahụ, ezinụlọ ahụ dum emechaala zukọtakwa ọzọ. (" Dị ka ") == Nkedo == * [[Forest Whitaker]] dị ka Reverend Cornell Cobbs * Angela Bassett dị ka Aretha Cobbs * Tyrese Gibson dị ka Tyson / Loot * Jennifer Hudson dị ka Naima Cobbs * Mary J. Blige dị ka mmụọ ozi * Vondie Curtis-Ụlọ Nzukọ dị ka Pawnbroker * Dị ka Aịzaya * Jacob Latimore dị ka Langston * Rotimi dị ka onye isi Butch McDaniels * Luke James dị ka Jo-Josph * Grace Gibson dị ka Maria/Mary == nnabata == Na Tomato Rotten, ihe nkiri ahụ nwere nkwado nke 50% dabere na nyocha 90, yana ọkwa 5.6/10.  Nkwekọrịta dị oke egwu nke webụsaịtị ahụ na-agụ, sị: "Ọ na-atọ ụtọ ma na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma, mana Ọmụmụ Ojii na-ata ahụhụ site na ọgwụgwọ aka siri ike nke onye isi Kasi Lemmons nke isi mmalite ya na-eme ememe."[1] Na Metacritic, ihe nkiri ahụ nwere akara dị arọ nke 48 pụta.  nke 100, dabere na ndị nkatọ 29, na-egosi "ntụle agwakọtara ma ọ bụ nkezi".[2]  Ndị na-ege ntị gbara ajụjụ ọnụ nke CinemaScore nyere ihe nkiri ahụ nkezi ọkwa nke "A−" n'ọkwa A+ ruo F. <ref name="CinemaScore">{{Cite news|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/box-office-frozen-opens-stellar-660689|title=Box Office: 'Frozen' Opens to Stellar $15.2 Million Wednesday; 'Catching Fire' Still No. 1|work=The Hollywood Reporter|accessdate=November 12, 2020}}</ref> == Ekele == {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; background:#ffffff;" !Afọ ! Njikọ ! Otu ! Onye nnata ! Nsonaazụ ! Ref. |- | 2014 | Ihe nrite onyonyo NAACP | Onye na-eme ihe nkiri pụtara ìhè na foto a na-emegharị emegharị | Angela Bassett||{{Won}} | <ref name="THRNIA45">{{Cite web|url=http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/naacp-image-awards-winners-682585|title=NAACP Image Awards: The Winners|first=Aaron|author=Couch|date=February 22, 2014|accessdate=February 22, 2014|work=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]|publisher=[[Prometheus lobal Media]]}}</ref> |} == Hụkwa == * Ndepụta ihe nkiri ekeresimesi * Ndepụta ihe nkiri ojii nke afọ 2010 == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} 0fkknvbsazwyggydb49jfoqdthcezw2 0 43575 727488 193269 2026-09-24T03:17:47Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727488 wikitext text/x-wiki <ref name="allmovie">{{Cite web|author=Buchanan|first=Jason|title=Blue Smoke|work=Allmovie|date=|url=http://www.allmovie.com/movie/blue-smoke-v405569|accessdate=August 16, 2013}}</ref>Blue Smoke bụ ihe nkiri ihe nkiri ihe nkiri nkiri ihunanya America nke afọ 2007 nke David Carson duziri wee mee Alicia Witt, Matthew Settle na Scott Bakula .  Ronni Kern dere, dabere na akwụkwọ ọmụmụ Nora Roberts nke 2005 nke otu aha ahụ, ihe nkiri a bụ maka onye ọkụ nke gburugburu ndị enyi ya n'ọkụ nke onye na-akpachapụ anya mejọrọ ya awụ ole na ole gara aga.  Ihe nkiri ahụ na February 12, 2007 na Lifetime Television . <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-reviews/nora-roberts-blue-smoke-158027/|title=Nora Roberts' Blue Smoke|work=The Hollywood Reporter|first=Marilyn|author=Moss|date=February 11, 2007|accessdate=July 27, 2021}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.dvdtalk.com/reviews/review/30368|title=Blue Smoke|work=DVD Talk|first=Paul|author=Mavis|date=September 10, 2007|accessdate=July 27, 2021}}</ref> == Atụmatụ == Mgbe ọ hụchara ọkụ na-ere Baltimore pizzeria nke isiokwu ya n'ala, Reena Hale (Witt) dị afọ 11 na ya onye ịbụ onye ọkụ ọkụ mgbe o tolitere.  Site n'onye nke onye John Minger (Bakula), bụ onye ọ zutere n'oge egwuregwu nke ụlọ oriri na-egosi ya, Reena akwụkwọ nrọ ya. Ọtụtụ afụ ka e ịhụ, Reena onye toro eto ụgbọala ụlọ n'oge ochie, na-aga n'ekiri ekiri nkà Bo Goodnight (Settle).  Ka Reena na Bo na-amalite na-egosi, onye na-ahụ maka ike na-agba ọkụ n'oge gara aga na-amalite ịkpọ ndụ ya.  Onye na-agba Reena na-eyi ndụ ya egwu na nke ndị ọrịa n'anya == Nkedo == * Alicia Witt dị ka Reena Hale * Scott Bakula dị ka John Minger * Matthew Settle dị ka Bo Goodnight * Talia Shire dị ka Bianca Hale * Eric Keenleyside dị ka Gib Hale * John Reardon dị ka Josh * Benjamin Ayres dị ka Hugh * Chris Fassbender dị ka Joey Pastorelli Jr. * Taylor Dauphinais dị ka Reena na-eto eto * David Lawrence Brown dị ka Joe Pastorelli Sr. * Liam Nelson dị ka Joey Pastorelli Jr. * Rod Heatheringston dị ka Steve * [[Chad]] Nobert dị ka Xander Hale * Peter Skagen dị ka onye nnọchi anya FBI * Daniela Vlaskalic dị ka Fran Hale == Mmepụta == <ref name="tcm-notes">{{Cite web|title=Blue Smoke: Miscellaneous Notes|work=Turner Classic Movies|date=|url=http://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/title/658442/Blue-Smoke/misc-notes.html|accessdate=August 16, 2013|archive-date=March 4, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304204915/http://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/title/658442/Blue-Smoke/misc-notes.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ndị na-ahụ ihe nkiri ahụ bụ Stephanie Germain na Peter Guber;  Ha bụkwa ndị na-ahụ ihe nkiri asaa ndị ọzọ Nora Roberts maka ndụ na 2007 na 2009. A na-ese foto Blue Smoke na ebe dị na Calgary, Alberta, [[Kánada|Canada]] n'etiti Ọktoba 30 na Nọvemba 24, 2006. == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * {{IMDb title|0893397|Blue Smoke}} * Blue Smoke at the TCM Movie Database * Blue Smoke at AllMovie * Blue Smoke at Rotten Tomatoes 3d5s6ybgl11lg2otp6ri0geog4qq0l9 0 44167 727444 183965 2026-09-24T00:12:56Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727444 wikitext text/x-wiki   Avalon bụ ihe nkiri 1990 American ejije nke Barry Levinson dere ma duzie ya na Armin Mueller-Stahl, Elizabeth Perkins, Joan Plowright na Aidan Quinn na-eme ihe nkiri.  Ọ bụ nke atọ na Levinson's semi-autobiographical tetralogy nke "Baltimore films" nke edobere n'obodo ya n'oge 1940s, 1950s, na 1960: Diner (1982), Tin Men (1987), na Liberty Heights (1999).  [1] Ihe nkiri a na-egosi isiokwu nke ndị Juu na ndụ ndị America, site n'ọtụtụ ụgbọ nke ihe ndị mbata na Poland site na 1910 ruo 1950. E akara ihe nkiri ahụ na-ahụ dị egwu, a na-ahụ maka nri Academy aanọ na atọ Golden Globe Awards . == Atụmatụ == Ọ bụ ná mmalite 1940 na n'ime 1950s, na ọtụtụ ihe mere ihe ngosi nke Polish Juu kwabatara Sam Krichinsky mgbidi ọ bịarutere America na 1914 na emecha biri na Baltimore . Television dị ọhụrụ. Mpaghara na-agbanwe, yana ọtụtụ ezinụlọ na-akwaga n'ime ime obodo. Akwụkwọ ahụaja abụrụla ọrụ Sam, mana nwa ya nwoke Jules chọrọ ịnwale aka ya n'imepe nnukwu ụlọ ahịa ngwa ego ya na nwanne nna ya, Izzy, ikekwe na-eme mkpọsa nke ha na TV. Jules na nwunye ya, bụ́ Ann, ka na ndị mụrụ ya bi, ma Ann ji nwayọọ na-atachi obi otú nne di ya bụ́ Eva si achị ezinụlọ. Ann bụ nwanyị ọgbara ọhụrụ nke na-amụta ọbụna ịkwọ ụgbọ ala, ọ bụ ezie na Eva jụrụ ịnya ya ma were ụgbọ okporo ígwè kama. Ezinụlọ ahụ na-atụnye ụtụ na ego iji wetakwu ndị ikwu na America. Obere ntakịrị, n'ezie ma ọ bụ nke e chere n'echiche, na-emetụta ezinụlọ ahụ, dịka mgbe Jules na Ann mechara kwaga n'ime ime obodo, ogologo ụzọ maka ndị ikwu ha ịga njem. Mgbe ọ bịarutere n'oge na ịchọta turkey ekele na-enweghị ya, Uncle Gabriel na-ewe iwe na oké ifufe, malite esemokwu na Sam. Sam enweghịkwa ike ịghọta ụzọ ndị nkuzi nwa nwa ya Michael na-eji n'ụlọ akwụkwọ, ma ọ bụ ihe kpatara Jules na Izzy ji gbanwee aha nna ha na Kaye na Kirk ka ha na-amalite ọrụ azụmahịa ha. Ma mgbe ọgba aghara dị iche iche malitere, gụnyere njide ngwa ọgụ na ọkụ na-agbawa agbawa, ezinụlọ ahụ na-enwekọ nsogbu ọnụ. == Nkedo ==   == Mmekọrịta na ihe nkiri Baltimore ndị ọzọ == Levinson na-etinyekarị njikọ n'etiti ihe nkiri ya nke edobere na Baltimore. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, enwere ihe oyiyi nke onye na-eri nri a na-ewu. A na-eji ụgbọ ala Hudson zụtara na ''Avalon'' na ''nri abalị'' . <ref name="screenplay">{{Cite book|author=Levinson|first=Barry|authorlink=Barry Levinson|title=Avalon; Tin men; Diner: Three Screenplays|publisher=Atlantic Monthly Press|year=1991|url=https://archive.org/details/avalontinmendine0000levi|isbn=0-87113-435-7}}</ref> Ụlọ nke ezinụlọ Krichinsky hapụrụ ịkwaga na ala ịta ahịhịa bụ ebe obibi na ''Tin Men'' . <ref name="screenplay" /> == Ntọhapụ na nnabata == . <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1992-12-13-ca-3759-story.html|title=The Toys in His Attic : Barry Levinson intended ‘Toys’ to be his first directorial outing, but somehow : ‘Diner,’ ‘Good Morning, Vietnam,’ ‘Rain Man’ and ‘Bugsy’ got in the way|work=The Los Angeles Times|author=Dutka, Elaine|date=December 13, 1992}}</ref>Tri-Star Pictures mmetụta Avalon na October 5, 1990, na mbụ na ụlọ ihe nkiri isii tupu ịgbasa izu na-esote ruo 600. Levinson katọrọ ka ụlọ ọrụ ahụ si mebie ihe nkiri ahụ wee na-ahapụ ya n'oge na-adịghị anya anya.  , ebe onye isi ụlọ ọrụ Michael Medavoy ga-emecha gbachitere onwe ya na-ekwu na " Avalon Egypt ihe nkiri na-ere aha, anyị mefuru nnukwu ego iji gosi na anyị nwere ike ime nke ọma. Ịtinye ya n'ihe nkiri nkiri.  mere ka nhọrọ nke ịmeghachi ego anyị nwere ike ịbụ ihe na-ahụ ezi, ma echeghị m na onye ọ elelu na-azụ ndị nwere ike mmetụta nickel ọzọ na ya - ma ọ bụ Bugsy, maka okwu ahụ de Avalon nwere ọkwa nke 86% na Tomato Rotten site na nyọcha 28, yana nkezi ọkwa nke 7.3/10. === Ekele === {| class="wikitable" !Award !Category !Nominee(s) !Result |- | rowspan="5" |20/20 Awards |Best Supporting Actress |Elizabeth Perkins | {{Nom}} |- |Best Original Screenplay |Barry Levinson | {{Nom}} |- |Best Art Direction |Norman Reynolds | {{Nom}} |- |Best Cinematography |Allen Daviau | {{Nom}} |- |Best Original Score |Randy Newman | {{Nom}} |- | rowspan="4" |Academy Awards<ref name="Oscars1991">{{Cite web|url=http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1991|title=The 63rd Academy Awards (1991) Nominees and Winners|accessdate=October 20, 2011|work=AMPAS|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141020005240/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1991|archivedate=October 20, 2014}}</ref> |Best Screenplay – Written Directly for the Screen |Barry Levinson | {{Nom}} |- |Best Cinematography |Allen Daviau | {{Nom}} |- |Best Costume Design |Gloria Gresham | {{Nom}} |- |Best Original Score |Randy Newman | {{Nom}} |- |American Society of Cinematographers Awards |Outstanding Achievement in Cinematography in Theatrical Releases |Allen Daviau | {{Nom}} |- |Artios Awards<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.castingsociety.com/awards/artios/1991|title=Nominees/Winners|publisher=[[Casting Society of America]]|accessdate=January 6, 2019|archivedate=June 15, 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180615135124/http://www.castingsociety.com/awards/artios/1991}}</ref> |Outstanding Achievement in Feature Film Casting – Drama |Ellen Chenoweth | {{Nom}} |- |Dallas–Fort Worth Film Critics Association Awards | colspan="2" |Best Film | {{Nom}} |- |Directors Guild of America Awards<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.dga.org/Awards/History/1990s/1990.aspx?value=1990|title=43rd DGA Awards|work=[[Directors Guild of America Awards]]|accessdate=July 5, 2021}}</ref> |Outstanding Directorial Achievement in Motion Pictures |Barry Levinson | {{Nom}} |- | rowspan="3" |Golden Globe Awards<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.goldenglobes.com/film/avalon|title=Avalon – Golden Globes|work=[[HFPA]]|accessdate=July 28, 2021}}</ref> | colspan="2" |Best Motion Picture – Drama | {{Nom}} |- |Best Screenplay – Motion Picture |Barry Levinson | {{Nom}} |- |Best Original Score – Motion Picture |Randy Newman | {{Nom}} |- |Grammy Awards<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.grammy.com/grammys/awards/34th-annual-grammy-awards|title=1991 Grammy Award Winners|publisher=Grammy.com|accessdate=1 May 2011|archive-date=21 March 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190321031459/https://www.grammy.com/grammys/awards/34th-annual-grammy-awards|url-status=dead}}</ref> |Best Instrumental Composition Written for a Motion Picture or for Television |''Avalon'' – Randy Newman | {{Nom}} |- |Los Angeles Film Critics Association Awards<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.lafca.net/Years/1990.php|title=The 16th Annual Los Angeles Film Critics Association Awards|work=[[Los Angeles Film Critics Association]]|accessdate=July 5, 2021}}</ref> |Best Music Score |Randy Newman | {{Runner-up}} |- |National Board of Review Awards<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://nationalboardofreview.org/award-years/1990/|title=1990 Award Winners|work=[[National Board of Review]]|accessdate=July 5, 2021}}</ref> | colspan="2" |Top Ten Films | {{draw|9th Place}} |- |New York Film Critics Circle Awards<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nyfcc.com/awards/?awardyear=1990|title=1990 New York Film Critics Circle Awards|work=[[New York Film Critics Circle]]|accessdate=July 5, 2021}}</ref> |Best Supporting Actress |Joan Plowright | {{Runner-up}} |- |Writers Guild of America Awards<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.wga.org/awards/awardssub.aspx?id=1551|title=Awards Winners|work=Writers Guild of America|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20121205095022/http://www.wga.org/awards/awardssub.aspx?id=1551|archivedate=December 5, 2012|accessdate=June 6, 2010}}</ref> |Best Screenplay – Written Directly for the Screen |Barry Levinson | {{Won}} |- | rowspan="4" |Young Artist Awards<ref name="Young Artist Awards 3">{{Cite web|url=http://www.youngartistawards.org/pastnoms12.htm|title=12th Annual Youth In Film Awards|accessdate=March 31, 2011|work=Young Artist Award|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150716012652/http://youngartistawards.org/pastnoms12.htm|archivedate=July 16, 2015}}</ref> | colspan="2" |Most Entertaining Family Youth Motion Picture – Drama | {{Nom}} |- |Best Young Actor Starring in a Motion Picture |Elijah Wood | {{Nom}} |- |Best Young Actor Supporting Role in a Motion Picture |Grant Gelt | {{Nom}} |- |Best Young Actress Supporting Role in a Motion Picture |Mindy Loren Isenstein | {{Nom}} |} == Ụda ụda == * ''Avalon (ụda ụda)'' == Mgbasa ozi ụlọ == E wepụtara ''Avalon'' na DVD na 2001. == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * {{IMDb title|id=0099073|title=Avalon}} * Avalon at Rotten Tomatoes * Avalon at Box Office Mojo * [http://www.juf.org/tweens/movie.aspx?id=59976 JUF : Tweens : Movies : Avalon] 6b6jqblous9lhphv7krphxjl58atv2x 0 44225 727567 165560 2026-09-24T09:02:55Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727567 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}  '''Cristina Matiquite''' (amuru 12 Maachị 1992) bu onye egwuregwu basketball nke Angola . [1] . Ọ gbara aka Angola na asọmpi FIBA Africa nke 2011 . Ọ na-egwuri egwu dị ka ebe etiti . == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20240517143223/https://archive.fiba.com/pages/eng/fa/player/p/pid/72745/sid/7916/tid/235/_/2011_FIBA_Africa_Championship_for_Women/index.html Profaịlụ asọmpi FIBA Africa 2011] [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] or40wegvix1hn1xhndrtzv3yfl040iq 0 44401 727501 497108 2026-09-24T03:56:09Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727501 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="infobox biography vcard" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-above" |<div class="fn">Brian Murray</div> |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-image" |<div class="infobox-caption">Murray na 2007</div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |A mụrụ ya | class="infobox-data" |<div class="nickname" style="display:inline">Brian Bell</div> <span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1937-09-10</span>)</span> 10 Septemba 1937<br /><br /><div class="birthplace" style="display:inline">[[Johannesburg]], South Africa[[Union of South Africa|Saụt Afrịka]]</div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Nwụrụ | class="infobox-data" |20 Ọgọstụ 2018 <span style="display:none">(2018-08-20)</span> (afọ 80) &nbsp;<br /><div class="deathplace" style="display:inline">[[New York (state)|New York]] City, New York, U.S.</div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Ọrụ (s) | class="infobox-data role" |Onye na-eme ihe nkiri, onye nduzi ihe nkiri |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Afọ ndị ọ na-arụsi ọrụ ike&nbsp; | class="infobox-data" |1958–2018 |} '''Brian Murray''' (onye a '''Bell'''; ubochi iri Septemba otu puku narị itoolu iri atọ na asaa ruo ụbọchị iri abụo Ọgọst afọ puku abuo na iri na asatọ) <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.broadwayworld.com/article/Tony-Nominee-Brian-Murray-Passes-Away-at-80-20180821|title=Tony Nominee Brian Murray Passes Away at 80|date=21 August 2018|accessdate=21 August 2018|work=[[BroadwayWorld]]}}</ref> bụ onye na-eme ihe nkiri na onye nduzi ihe nkiri nke Ndịda Afrika nke a nabatara na Aulo ọmụma ebe nkiri Amerika na afọ puku abụọ na anọ .  == Akụkọ ndụ == A mụrụ Murray dị ka '''Brian Bell''' na Johannesburg, nwa Mary Dickson (née Murray) na Alfred Bell, onye na-egwu golf.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.filmreference.com/film/13/Brian-Murray.html|title=Brian Murray Biography (1937– )}}</ref> == Ọrụ == Murray mere nke mbụ ya na Broadway na egwuregwu ihe nile n'oge dị mma na afo otu puku narị itoolu iri isii na ise <ref name="vault"/>N'afọ otu puku narị itoolu iri isii na isii, ọ pụtara dị ka Rosenkrantz na mmepụta ụzọ sárá sara nke Rosenkrantz and Guildenstern nwuru, na-enweta nke mbụ n'ime ihe nrite atọ Tony, Onye ejije kacha mma na egwuregwu a họputara ya maka arụmọrụ ya. [1] <ref name="awards">[https://www.ibdb.com/broadway-cast-staff/brian-murray-15744#awards "Murray Awards"] ibdb.com, retrieved August 23, 2018</ref> Murray duziri mweghachi Uzi sárá sara nke 1973 nke The Waltz of the Toreadors . <ref>[http://www.playbill.com/production/the-waltz-of-the-toreadors-circle-in-the-square-theatre-vault-0000003303 " 'The Waltz of the Toreadors' 1973"] Playbill Vault, retrieved August 23, 2018</ref> Ọrụ ntụziaka ya gụnyere Broadway revivals nke Hay Fever (1985), Arsenic na Old Lace (1986), Blithe Spirit (1987), na ihe ngosi (1992). <ref name="vault"/> N'afọ 1998, ọ natara Lucille Lortel Award maka ọrụ pụrụ iche. Ihe nkiri ya gụnyere ''Bob Roberts'' na City Hall . <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.tvguide.com/celebrities/brian-murray/credits/142781|title=Brian Murray &#124; TV Guide|work=TVGuide.com|access-date=2024-05-12|archive-date=2015-10-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151011080119/http://www.tvguide.com/celebrities/brian-murray/credits/142781/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Na telivishọn ọ pụtara na ''Kojak'', Another World, Law & Order: Criminal Intent na 30 Rock . <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.allmovie.com/artist/brian-murray-p220435/other_appearances|title=Brian Murray &#124; TV, Documentary and Other Appearances|work=AllMovie}}</ref> N'afọ ndị 1970 na 1980, ọ rụrụ ọrụ n'ọtụtụ ihe nkiri redio maka Yuri Rasovsky's award-winning National Radio Theater.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/brian-murray-dead-broadway-veteran-three-time-tony-nominee-was-80-1136702|title=Brian Murray, Broadway Veteran and Three-Time Tony Nominee, Dies at 80|work=The Hollywood Reporter|date=22 August 2018}}</ref> N'afọ 2002, o nyere olu John Silver na Disney animated Treasure Planet, ọrụ ọ rụgharịrị na egwuregwu vidio ''Treasure Planet: Agha na Procyon'' . Ọ rụrụ ọrụ na ihe nkiri 2009, My Dog Tulip . <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bfi.org.uk/films-tv-people/4ce2bc388d7c3|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220912103301/https://www2.bfi.org.uk/films-tv-people/4ce2bc388d7c3|archivedate=12 September 2022|title=Bryan Murray|work=BFI}}</ref> == Ọnwụ == Murray nwụrụ n'ihi ihe ndị sitere n'okike n'August 20, 2018, mgbe ọ dị afọ 80.<ref name="hollywoodreporter">{{Cite web|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/brian-murray-dead-broadway-veteran-three-time-tony-nominee-was-80-1136702|title=Brian Murray, Broadway Veteran and Three-Time Tony Nominee, Dies at 80|work=The Hollywood Reporter|date=22 August 2018}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/brian-murray-dead-broadway-veteran-three-time-tony-nominee-was-80-1136702 "Brian Murray, Broadway Veteran and Three-Time Tony Nominee, Dies at 80"]. ''The Hollywood Reporter''. 22 August 2018.</cite></ref> == Ihe nkiri ndị ọzọ na Broadway == Ebe e si nweta ya: Playbill Vault<ref name="vault">[http://www.playbill.com/person/brian-murray-vault-0000018294# "Brian Murray Credits and Awards"] Playbill Vault, retrieved August 23, 2018</ref> * ''Sleuth'' (1973) * ''Da'' (1978) * ''Nkwa Arcata'' (1982) * ''Ụda Na-apụ'' (1983) * ''Obere Azụmaahịa Ezinụlọ'' (1992) * Ụmụ Anụmanụ Ndị Dị Mkpa (1997) * ''N'abalị nke Iri na Abụọ'' (1998) * ''Nwanne nna Vanya'' (2000) * Ihe a na-akpọ Crucible (2002) * Ndị na-asọ mpi (2004) == Ihe nkiri == Ebe e si nweta ya: Rotten Tomatoes<ref>[https://www.rottentomatoes.com/celebrity/brian_murray "Brian Murray Film Credits"] rottentomatoes.com, retrieved August 23, 2018</ref> === Ihe nkiri === {| class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders" style="white-space:nowrap" !Afọ !Aha ya !Ọrụ !Ihe edeturu |- | rowspan="2" |1960 |''Udo Udo Uzo''<ref>[http://www.screenonline.org.uk/film/id/494933/index.html ''The Angry Silence''] screenonline.org.uk, retrieved August 23, 2018</ref> |Gladys | |- |''Njikọ nke Ndị Nwoke''<ref>[http://www.screenonline.org.uk/film/id/486309/credits.html ''The League of Gentlemen''] screenonline.org.uk, retrieved August 23, 2018</ref> |Onye "Chunky" Grogan | |- |1992 |''Bob Roberts'' |Terry Manchester | |- |1996 |''Ụlọ Nzukọ Obodo'' |Onye ndụmọdụ ụlọ ọrụ | |- |2002 |''Ala Dị Akụ̀ Dị Oké Ọnụ''<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.behindthevoiceactors.com/Brian-Murray-Bell/|title=Brian Murray Bell (6 Character Images)|work=Behind The Voice Actors}}</ref> |Long John Silver | rowspan="2" |Olu |- |2009 |''Nkịta Tulip m''<ref name="btva" /><ref>[https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/my_dog_tulip? ''My Dog Tulip''] rottentomatoes.com, retrieved August 23, 2018</ref> |Captain Pugh, Maazị Blandish |- | rowspan="2" |2011 |''Ụlọ Nrọ'' |Dr. Medlin | |- |''N'Ezinụlọ'' |Paul Hawks | |- |2018 |''Ụlọ Ọrụ Na-emepụta Nri'' |Sir Walter |A tọhapụrụ ya mgbe ọ nwụsịrị; ọrụ fim ikpeazụ |} {| class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders" style="white-space:nowrap" !Afọ !Aha ya !Ọrụ !Ihe edeturu |- |1959–1966 |''Egwuregwu ITV nke Izu'' |John Clegg, PC Bernard Wall |Ihe omume: "Sugar in the Morning" & "Blue as His Eyes, the Tin Helmet He Bearing" |- | rowspan="2" |1959 |''Ụlọ Egwuregwu Satọdee'' |Stevens |Ihe omume: "The Larford Lad" |- |''Mberede - Ngalaba 10'' |Joe Masters |Ihe Omume 3 |- |1960 |''Enweghị Ebe Nzuzo'' |Chopper Green |Ihe omume: "The Long Day" |- |1963 |''Ndị Na-eme Ụgbọelu'' |Tom Barnsley |Ihe omume: "Ebe Mmekọrịta" |- |1964 |''Ihe nkiri 61-67'' |[Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] |Ihe omume: "Drama '64: Across the Border" & "Studio '64: The Happy Moorings" |- |1976 |''Kojak'' |Caesar Ogilvy |Ihe omume: "A Summer Madness" |- |1978–1979 |''Ụwa Ọzọ'' |Dr. Dan Shearer #2 |Ihe omume ndị a na-amaghị |- |1990 |''Nnukwu Egwuregwu'' |Klọdiọs |Ihe omume: "Hamlet" |- |2004 |''Iwu &amp;amp; Usoro: Ebumnuche Mpụ'' |Richard Sullivan |Ihe omume: "Onye Nsọ" |- | rowspan="2" |2007 |''Nkume 30'' |Nna Jack |Ihe omume: "The Fighting Irish" |- |''Ahụmahụ America'' |Gọvanọ Morris |Ihe omume: "Alexander Hamilton" |- |2011 |''Ezigbo Nwunye'' |Ọkàikpe Mowbray |Ihe omume: "Ebe Ọnwụ" |- |} === Egwuregwu vidio === {| class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders" style="white-space:nowrap" !Afọ !Aha ya !Ọrụ !Ihe edeturu |- | rowspan="2" |2002 |''Ala Dị Akụ̀ Dị Oké Ọnụ'' |Long John Silver | rowspan="2" |Olu |- |''Treasure Planet: Agha na Procyon''<ref name="btva">{{Cite web|url=https://www.behindthevoiceactors.com/Brian-Murray-Bell/|title=Brian Murray Bell (6 Character Images)|work=Behind The Voice Actors}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://www.behindthevoiceactors.com/Brian-Murray-Bell/ "Brian Murray Bell (6 Character Images)"]. ''Behind The Voice Actors''.</cite></ref> |John Silver / Robot Silver |} == 1Ihe nkiri redio == * ''WeAkụkọ Banyere Obodo Abụọ'' (1977) * ''Nwoke nke akara aka'' (1978) * ''Onye Ogbu Mmadụ'' (1979) * ''Medea'' (1985) * ''Oké Ifufe'' (1985) * The Imaginary Invalid (1985) * ''Nwanyị nke Camellias'' (1985) * Onye iro nke ndị mmadụ (1985) * ''Ngwá Agha Na Nwoke'' (1985) * ''Nwanne nna Vanya'' (1985) == Onyinye na nhọpụta == Ebe e si nweta ya: Playbill Vault; <ref name="vault"/> IBDB <ref name="awards"/> ; Onyinye * 1984 Drama Desk Award maka Ọrụ Ensemble pụtara ìhè - Noises Off''Ụda Na-apụ'' * 1997 Drama Desk Award maka onye na-eme ihe nkiri pụtara ìhè na egwuregwu - The Little Foxes''Ụmụ Anụ Anụ Anwụ'' ; Nhọpụta * 1968 Tony Award maka onye na-eme ihe nkiri kachasị mma na egwuregwu - ''Rosencrantz na Guildenstern anwụọla'' * 1978 Drama Desk Award maka onye na-eme ihe nkiri pụtara ìhè na egwuregwu - ''Da'' * 1992 Drama Desk Award maka onye na-eme ihe nkiri pụtara ìhè na egwuregwu - ''Obere Azụmaahịa Ezinụlọ'' * 1997 Tony Award maka onye na-eme ihe nkiri kacha mma na egwuregwu - The Little Foxes''Ụmụ Anụ Anụ Anwụ'' * 2000 Drama Desk Award maka onye na-eme ihe nkiri pụtara ìhè na egwuregwu - Uncle Vanya''Nwanne nna Vanya'' * 2002 Drama Desk Award maka onye na-eme ihe nkiri pụtara ìhè na egwuregwu - The Crucible''Ụzọ Ndị A Na-akpọ Crucible'' * 2002 Tony Award maka onye na-eme ihe nkiri kacha mma na egwuregwu - The Crucible''Ụzọ Ndị A Na-akpọ Crucible'' * 2002 Annie Award maka ime ihe nkiri olu na mmepụta ihe nkiri - Treasure Planet''Ala Dị Akụ̀ Dị Oké Ọnụ'' == Ebe mụ si dee == == Njikọ mpụga == {{DramaDesk PlayFeaturedActor 1975–2000}}{{Authority control}}Nchịkọta ikike ho9z418mmgso5bntdh45sjya6f9jij6 0 44600 727415 208023 2026-09-23T14:52:00Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727415 wikitext text/x-wiki == Akụkọ ndụ == A mụrụ Anne-Marie Nzié na Bibia, Lolodorf, Cameroon, na 1932. <ref name="USNews">Edwin Kindzeka Moki (Associated Press), [https://www.usnews.com/news/entertainment/articles/2016-05-25/the-golden-voice-of-cameroon-anne-marie-nzie-dies-at-84 "The golden voice of Cameroon, Anne Marie Nzie, dies at 84"], ''U.S. News'', 25 May 2016.</ref> Nna ya bụ onye na-akpọ ụbọ akwara ma mgbe ọ dị afọ asatọ ọ malitere ịbụ abụ n'otu ukwe chọọchị n'ime obodo ebe ọ bụ pastọ. N'afọ 1940, Nzié malitere ịme Bikutsi, egwu a mụrụ n'ụlọọrụ na mpaghara okpomọkụ ọdịda anyanwụ n'ala nke ekwere Afrịka soto na mpaghara okpomọkụ ọdịda anyanwụ ya na etiti Cameroon. Mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na abụọ, mgbe ọ na-agbake n'ụlọ ọgwụ site na mmerụ ahụ o nwere mgbe o si n'osisi mango daa, ọ mụtara ịkpọ ụbọ Hawaiian site n'enyemaka nke nwanne ya nwoke na-agụ egwú, Moise. (onye jiri aha "Cromwell") Ọ gara n'ihu na-akwado ya na ụfọdụ n'ime egwu egwu ya, na 1954 ha wepụtara egwu mbụ ha, "Ma Ba Nze", na akara Opika. [2] A na-akpọ egwu mbụ ya na klọb abalị mgbe ọ dị afọ iri abụọ na anọ.[1] Ọ meriri asọmpi guitar nke gọọmentị kwadoro nke onye Germany na-agụ egwú / onye na-ede egwú bụ Siegfried Behrend haziri, mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, n'afọ ndị 1950 ọ ghọrọ onye na-agụ egwu n'onwe ya, na-eso onwe ya na guitar Hawaiian. N'ime akara na mba ụwa, o dekọrọ na Paris, wee bịanye aka na akara Pathé-Marconi. <ref name="Martin">Martin, Denis-Constant (2004). [https://web.archive.org/web/20070927174705/http://www.african-geopolitics.org/show.aspx?ArticleId=3678 "Music in the Face of Authorities"], ''African Geopologics''. Accessed 10 April 2007.</ref><ref name="Nkolo 443">Nkolo, Jean-Victor, and Graeme Ewens (2000). "Cameroon: Music of a Small Continent". ''World Music, Volume 1: Africa, Europe and the Middle East''. London: Rough Guides Ltd, p. 443.</ref> Nzié nọgidere na-arụsi ọrụ ike n'ime afọ iri ise sochirinụ ma nyere aka mee ka bikutsi bụrụ ihe a ma ámá úkwú nke ọbọdọ na mpaghara okpomọkụ na Cameroon dum, <ref name="Nkolo 443">Nkolo, Jean-Victor, and Graeme Ewens (2000). "Cameroon: Music of a Small Continent". ''World Music, Volume 1: Africa, Europe and the Middle East''. London: Rough Guides Ltd, p. 443.</ref> yana ịbụ abụ na ememme na Algiers, Dakar na Lagos, yana ịkụzi ịbụ abụ na National Orchestra of Cameroon. Ogologo ọrụ ya mere ka a kpọọ ya "Queen of Cameroonian Music", [1] "Queen Mother of Cameroonic Music", na "Queen mother of Bikutsi".<ref name="Coco">[https://web.archive.org/web/20070612005228/http://www.bbc.co.uk/music/artist/2fw6/ "Coco Mbassi"], BBC. Accessed 10 April 2007.</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://culturebox.francetvinfo.fr/musique/musiques-du-monde/la-voix-d-or-du-cameroun-anne-marie-nzie-s-eteint-240237|title=La "Voix d'or du Cameroun", Anne-Marie Nzié, s'éteint|date=25 May 2016|work=Culturebox}}</ref> Nzié bụ onye na-akwado ndị isi ala Cameroon abụọ, Ahmadou Ahidjo na Paul Biya. <ref>Nyamnjoh and Fokwang (2005), p. 263.</ref> Dịka ọmụmaatụ, ọ raara abụ "Liberté" nye Paul Biya na otu ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ya Cameroon People's Democratic Movement (CPDM). N'afọ 1992, ndị Social Democratic Front jiri kpọrọ site nzọụkwụ ụtọ agbamakwụkwọ nke ọbọdọ na mpaghara okpomọkụ ọdịda anyanwụ abụ ahụ mee ihe n'oge mkpọsa John Fru Ndi maka ọkwa onye isi ala; Nzié kwuru na ọ "na-emegide" njem ahụ.<ref>Quoted in Nyamnjoh and Fokwang (2005), p. 265.</ref> N'ihe omume ọzọ, ụmụ akwụkwọ na-eme ngagharị iwe gbanwere okwu abụ ahụ ka ha kwuo, "Paul Biya pụọ". Nzié zaghachiri site n'ikwu na abụ ahụ bu n'obi mgbe niile ka ọ bụrụ onye na-akwado Bia na onye na-ahụ maka CPDM.<ref name="Martin"/> E dekọrọ abọm ya na-aga nke ọma Liberté na 1984, mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị Nzié lara ezumike nká na mpaghara okpomọkụ ọdịda anyanwụ n'ala nke n'obodo ya. Mgbe ogologo oge gachara, ọ wepụtara abọm ''Béza Ba Dzo'' na 1999. Coco Mbassi bụrụ abụ nkwado na abọm ahụ, [1] na otu egwu gosipụtara Manu Dibango na saxophone na olu.<ref name="Coco" /> == Ihe odide == {{Reflist|30em}} 9gxkuf96opyb5sxnyvcaup779ndrzhw 0 44666 727494 709134 2026-09-24T03:34:35Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727494 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Usòrò:BorisKodjoeTIFFSept2011.jpg|thumb|Boris]] '''Boris Frederic Cecil Tay-Natey Ofuatey-Kodjoe''' <ref name=ref1>{{Cite news|last=Williams|first=Kam|title=Boris Kodjoe: The All about Us Interview with Kam Williams|publisher=aalbc.com|year=2009|url=http://aalbc.com/reviews/boris_kodjoe.htm|access-date=2010-09-24}}</ref> (//'kOʊdʒuː//; amụrụ na Machị 8, 1973) bụ onye Germany na-eme ihe nkiri na onye bụbu ihe nlereanya a maara nke ọma maka ọrụ ya dị ka ntọala na mpaghara ọwụwa ndọrọ ọchịchị ọrụ Kelby na ihe nkiri 2002 Brown Sugar, onye nnọchi anya egwuregwu Damon Carter na usoro ihe nkiri Showtime Soul Food, Dr. Will Campbell na CBS's Code Black na onye na-apụta ugboro ugboro na FOX's The Last Man on Earth . Ọ na-arụkọ ọrụ na BET's Real Husbands of Hollywood na Grey's Anatomy spin-off, Station 19 dị ka Robert Sullivan. == Oge ọ malitere == A mụrụ Kodjoe na Vienna, [[Austria]], nwa Ursula, onye ọkà n'akparamàgwà mmadụ nke Germany nke sitere na ndị Juu, na Eric Kodjoe, onye dọkịta Ghana nke sitere Ndị Nzema.<ref name=ref1/><ref name="ref2">{{Cite web|title=Boris Kodjoe - Biography|url=https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0462673/bio?ref_=nm_ov_bio_sm|work=IMDb|accessdate=28 September 2022}}</ref> Aha ya bụ onye Russia na-ede uri na onye edemede bụ Boris Pasternak . <ref>Buckley, Michael. [https://archive.today/20130131183845/http://www.playbill.com/features/article/117399-STAGE_TO_SCREENS_Chats_With_Whitford_Hurt_Howard_and_Kodjoe/pg2 "Stage to Screens: Chats With Whitford, Hurt, Howard, and Kodjoe"], ''Playbill'', 5 May 2008.</ref> Nne nne Kodjoe bụ onye Juu ma gbuo ya na Oké Mgbukpọ ahụ; nne nne ya lanarịrị agha ahụ na nzuzo.[1] Nne na nna Kodjoe gbara alụkwaghịm mgbe ọ dị afọ isii.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120915053237/http://www.superiorpics.com/boris_kodjoe/ Boris Kodjoe] at superiorpics.com</ref> Ọ tolitere na nso Freiburg im Breisgau, [[Jémanị|Germany]]. O nwèrè ótụ na ùwà há dí na nwanne nwoke aha ya bụ Patrick na ụmụnne nwanyị abụọ aha ha bụ Nadja na Lara.   <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2023)">citation needed</span>]]''&#x5D;</sup> == Ọrụ == Kodjoe gara Mahadum Virginia Commonwealth na agụmakwụkwọ tennis ma gụsịrị akwụkwọ na nzere bachelọ na ahịa na 1996. Onye na-ede akwụkwọ afọ anọ na otu egwuregwu tennis ụmụ nwoke nke Ram, ọ bụ onye nke itoolu ugbu a n'akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ụlọ akwụkwọ na mmeri 75 nke ọrụ. E jikọtara ya na nke atọ na mmeri abụọ na 66, ya na Jonas Elmblad jikọtara na 37 n'ime ha, nke atọ n'oge niile.<ref>''The Tradition of VCU Men's Tennis'' (Virginia Commonwealth University men's tennis media guide).</ref> Nwanne ya nwoke Patrick Kodjoe gbara bọọlụ maka otu egwuregwu basketball nke VCU. Mmerụ ahụ n'azụ kwụsịrị ọchịchọ tennis Boris, mana a bịanyere na mpaghara ọwụwa anyanwụ nkiri ọrụ pụrụ ntakịrị ahụ aka na ya ngwa ngwa dị ka ihe nlereanya ma, n'oge na-adịghị anya, ọ banyere ime ihe nkiri. N'afọ 1995, e gosipụtara ya na Vidio egwu TLC maka "Red Light Special". <ref>{{Cite web|title=Boris Kodjoe On Experiencing Racism While Growing Up In Germany|url=https://www.bet.com/celebrities/news/2020/11/12/boris-kodjoe-racism-germany.html|work=BET|accessdate=13 January 2021|archive-date=15 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210115075001/https://www.bet.com/celebrities/news/2020/11/12/boris-kodjoe-racism-germany.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> A na-akpọ ya otu n'ime "50 Most Beautiful People in the World" site na magazin People na 2002, Kodjoe bụ ma eleghị anya a maara nke ọma dị ka otu n'etiti ndị na-eme ihe nkiri Miami ọrụ pụrụ ntakịrị ihe oriri na edozi mmanya dị ịrịba àmà merenụ na mpaghara ọwụwa ndọrọ 7 sitere na ihe nkiri Showtime Soul Food, nke gosipụtara site na 2000 ruo 2004. Ọ pụtara na ihe nkiri 2002 Brown Sugar ma soro onye na-eme ihe nkiri dị mkpirikpi Second Time Around na onye na-arụkọ ọrụ na Soul Food Nicole Ari Parker, onye ọ mechara lụọ. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ David Taylor, nwa nnupụisi nke Pastor Fred Taylor, na ihe nkiri October 2005 The Gospel . Ọ rụrụ ọrụ n'egwuregwu a na-akpọ Whatever She Wants, nke Vivica A. Fox na-eme, wee pụta na oge nke ise nke Nip / Tuck. O nwere ọrụ nkwado na ihe nkiri akụkọ sayensị nke afọ 2009 Surrogates . Kodjoe na Gugu Mbatha-Raw gosipụtara dị ka otu onye ọrụ nzuzo di na nwunye na 2010 J. J. Abrams-mepụtara usoro NBC TV Undercovers, mana ihe ngosi ahụ were ihe na-erughị otu oge. N'afọ ahụ, ọ pụtakwara dị ka Luther na ihe nkiri Resident Evil: Afterlife . O nwere ihe ngosi ọbịa na ihe ngosi TV ''Franklin &amp;amp; Bash'' na 2012. Site na 2013 ruo 2016, Kodjoe gosipụtara dị ka akụkọ nke ọbọdọ na ahụ na-erizi mmụta sayensị nnyocha nke ọbọdọ na eche ifo nke onwe ya na usoro ihe nkiri BET Real Husbands of Hollywood . N'afọ 2014, a họpụtara ya dị ka onye na-eme ihe nkiri ABC primetime soap opera Members Only nke Susannah Grant mepụtara, <ref>{{Cite web|author=Etkin|first=Jaimie|title=Shonda Rhimes Takes Over ABC's Thursday Nights|url=https://www.buzzfeed.com/jaimieetkin/abc-new-shows-2014-2015|work=BuzzFeed|accessdate=14 May 2014|date=9 May 2014}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.deadline.com/2014/03/boris-kodjoe-joins-abcs-the-club-yvette-monreal-in-el-reys-matador/|title=Boris Kodjoe Joins ABC's 'The Club'; Yvette Monreal In El Rey's 'Matador'|date=28 March 2014|publisher=Deadline.com|accessdate=2014-04-01}}</ref> mana ihe ngosi ahụ emeghị. N'afọ 2015, Kodjoe malitere ọrụ ndị ọbịa ugboro ugboro na usoro ihe nkiri Fox The Last Man on Earth . <ref>{{Cite web|author=Prudom|first=Laura|title=Boris Kodjoe Joins Fox's 'The Last Man on Earth'|url=https://variety.com/2015/tv/news/boris-kodjoe-last-man-on-earth-fox-1201424935|work=Variety|date=February 5, 2015|accessdate=March 31, 2015}}</ref> Kodjoe so n'òtù ndị na-eme ihe nkiri maka oge atọ niile nke ihe nkiri ahụike CBS Code Black na-eme ka dọkịta na-awa ahụ Dr. Will Campbell site na 2016 ruo 2018. N'ọnwa Julaị afọ 2018, Kodjoe nwetara ọrụ ugboro ugboro na oge nke abụọ nke Grey's Anatomy spin-off series Station 19. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/live-feed/station-19-boris-kodjoe-joins-season-2-1128415|title='Station 19' Taps Boris Kodjoe for Season 2|work=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]|author=Goldberg|first=Lesley|date=July 19, 2018|accessdate=July 19, 2018}}</ref> N'ọnwa Ọktoba, a kwalitere ya ka ọ bụrụ Ónyé ọtú nke ọbọdọ na tonye na-eme ihe nkiri mgbe niile mgbe ọ pụtara na oge izizi dị ka onye isi ọkụ ọhụrụ, Robert Sullivan.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://deadline.com/2018/10/boris-kodjoe-station-19-series-regular-abc-shonda-rhimes-1202478942/|title=Boris Kodjoe Upped To Series Regular On 'Station 19'|work=[[Deadline Hollywood]]|author=Ramos|first=Dino-Ray|date=October 9, 2018|accessdate=October 9, 2018}}</ref> Na "Eulogy", a na-ebuli ya elu ka ọ bụrụ Battalion Chief. == Ndụ onwe onye == Kodjoe lụrụ onye ya na ya so na Soul Food: The Series Nicole Ari Parker na Mee 21, 2005, na Gundelfingen, [[Jémanị|Germany]]. Ọ mụrụ nwa mbụ ha, nwa nwanyị, na Machị 2005. O nwere spina bifida, nke a chọpụtara mgbe a mụrụ ya. Parker mụrụ nwa nke abụọ nke di na nwunye ahụ, nwa nwoke, n'ọnwa Ọktoba afọ 2006. Kodjoe na nwunye ọrụ pụrụ ntakịrị ahụ na-erizi mmụta sayensị ya bụ ndị otu Cascade United Methodist Church na Atlanta, Georgia. Ezinụlọ ahụ bi na [[Los Angeles]], [[California]]. Parker na Kodjoe meriri ibe ha na February 2019 nke Lip Sync Battle . Kodjoe na-asụ German, Bekee, Russian, French, na Italian nke ọma; ọ na-asukwa obere Spanish.   <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2021)">citation needed</span>]]''&#x5D;</sup> == Ihe nkiri == === Ihe nkiri === {| class="wikitable sortable" !Afọ !Aha ya !Ọrụ ! class="unsortable" |Ihe edeturu |- |2000 |''Ịhụnanya &amp;amp; Basketball'' |Jason | |- |2002 |''Shuga na-acha nchara nchara'' |Kelby Dawson | |- |2004 |''Ime Oge Ike'' |Michael Mitchell |N'ịntanetị |- |2005 |''Oziọma ahụ'' |David Taylor | |- |2006 |''Mgbakọ Ezinụlọ Madea'' |Frankie Henderson | |- | rowspan="2" |2007 |''Ihe Nile Banyere Anyị'' |Edward Brown | |- |''Alice Upside Down'' |Maazị Edgecombe | |- |2008 |''Ndị agha ụgbọ mmiri 3: Marauder'' |Ọchịagha Dix Hauser |N'ịntanetị |- |2009 |''Ndị nọchiri anya'' |Onye ọrụ pụrụ iche nke FBI Andy Stone | |- | rowspan="2" |2010 |''Onye Nkwurịta Okwu'' |Nigel Patterson | |- |''Ihe Ọjọọ nke Bi na-ebi: Ndụ Mgbe A nwụsịrị'' | rowspan="2" |Luther West | |- |2012 |''Ihe Ọjọọ: Ịkwụghachi ụgwọ'' | |- | rowspan="2" |2013 |''Nkwupụta ibu'' |Graham | |- |''Nọọsụ 3D'' |Onye isi oche John Rogan | |- |2014 |''Ọṅụbigara mmanya ókè'' |Jason Reynard | |- |2017 |<nowiki><i id="mwAQE">Ferdinand</i></nowiki> |Klaus (olu) | |- |2025 |<nowiki><i id="mwAQg">Ihe ọṅụṅụ</i></nowiki> |O.J. Simpson |Isi foto ezughi oke.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/the-legal-maze-behind-a-charlotte-kirk-movie-about-o-j-simpson|title=The Legal Maze Behind a Charlotte Kirk Movie About O.J. Simpson|work=Hollywood Reporter|date=22 October 2020}}</ref> |} === Telivishọn === {| class="wikitable sortable" !Afọ !Aha ya !Ọrụ ! class="unsortable" |Ihe edeturu |- |1998 |''Ihe ngosi Steve Harvey'' |Dexter |Ihe omume: "Nwa nwoke ọ bụla chọrọ onye nkuzi" |- |2000 |''Maka Ịhụnanya Gị'' |Terrence |Ihe omume: "Ihe mmụta French" |- | rowspan="3" |2003 |''Ndị mmadụ na Boston'' |Onye nkuzi Derek Williams |Ihe omume 3 |- |''Oge Okporo ámá'' |Bowman Calloway |Ihe omume: "High Holly Roller" na "Cop Killer" |- |''Anyị niile'' |Marcus |Ihe omume: "Nwanne nna Marcus Abịara Nri Anyasị" |- |2004 |''Iv'' |Kevin |Ihe omume: "Ụbọchị Valentine A Na-ebugharị" |- |2000–04 |''Nri Mkpụrụ Obi'' |Damon Carter |Usoro ihe omume, 27 episodes Nominated - NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Drama Series (2002-2004) <br /> |- |2004–05 |''Oge nke Abụọ'' |Jackson Muse |Usoro ihe omume, 13 episodes |- |2006 |''Ọ bụrụ na ị biri ebe a, ị ga-anọ n'ụlọ ugbu a'' |Brad |Onye na-anya ụgbọelu dara |- | rowspan="3" |2007 |''Ịgafe Jọdan'' |Onye nchọpụta Elliot Chandler |Ihe omume: "Post Hoc..." na "In Sickness & in Health" |- |''Klọb Ogbugbu Ụmụ nwanyị'' |Simon Perry |Ihe omume: "Ụbọchị ndị ìsì na Obi Ọbara" |- |''Nip/Tuck'' |Elton Forrest |Ihe omume: "Chaz Darling" |- |2010 |''Ihe ndị dị n'okpuru'' |Steven Bloom |Usoro ihe omume, 13 episodes |- | rowspan="3" |2012 |''Akwụkwọ mpịakọta'' |Josh Hillman |Onye na-anya ụgbọelu na TV |- |''Franklin &amp;amp; Bash'' |Nolan Tate |Ihe omume: "Nsọ Ikpeazụ" |- |''Onye Ogbu Mmadụ n'etiti Anyị'' |Onye nchọpụta Joe Moran |Ihe nkiri TV A họpụtara - Black Reel Award maka onye na-akwado ihe nkiri kacha mma<br /> |- |2013–16 |''Ezigbo Ndị Di nke Hollywood'' |Onwe ya |Usoro a na-ahọpụta mgbe niile - NAACP Image Award maka Onye Nkwado Na-eme Ihe nkiri na Comedy Series (2014) <br /> |- |2013 |''Ezigbo Ndị Nwanyị nke Atlanta'' |Onwe ya |Ihe omume: "Tole the Pageant" |- | rowspan="3" |2014 |''Naanị ndị otu'' |Deacon |Usoro a na-eme mgbe niile |- |''Ịchụ nta'' |Onwe ya |1 ihe omume: "Starry Eyed: Ihe omume a ma ama" |- |''Ihe a na-agaghị echefu echefu'' |Onye Ọrụ Francis Simms |Ugboro ugboro, ihe omume 2 |- |2015–16 |''Nwoke Ikpeazụ N'Ụwa'' |Philip Stacy "Phil" Miller |Ugboro ugboro, ihe omume iri na abụọ |- |2015 |''Ihe ngosi Boris &amp;amp; Nicole'' |Ya onwe ya (onye na-akwado ya) |Ọrụ bụ isi, ihe omume 20 |- |2016 |''Cape Town'' |Sanctus Snook |Ọrụ bụ isi, ihe omume 6 |- |2016–18 |''Usoro ojii'' |Dr. Will Campbell |Onye ọbịa (oge 1), ọrụ bụ isi (oge 2-3) 33 episodes<br /> |- |2017 |''Akụkọ'' |Ray Vance |Ihe omume: "Fugide ndị uwe ojii" |- |2018-dị ugbu a |''Ụlọ Ọrụ 19'' |Robert Sullivan |Usoro ihe omume (Main); ihe omume 67 |- |2018 |''Ụlọ kaadị'' |Brett Cole |Nkwughachi; ihe omume 4 |- | rowspan="2" |2019 |''Agha Nkwekọrịta egbugbere ọnụ'' |Onwe ya |Ihe omume: "Boris Kodjoe vs. Nicole Ari Parker" |- |''Anatomy nke Grey'' |Robert Sullivan |Ihe omume: "Ihe m mere maka ịhụnanya" Ihe omume: "Thunderstrck" |- |2022 |''[[Real Husbands of Hollywood: More Kevin, More Problems|Ezigbo Ndị Di nke Hollywood: More Kevin, More Nsogbu]]'' |Onwe ya |Usoro a na-eme mgbe niile |} == Ihe odide == {{Reflist|30em}} == Njikọ mpụga == {{DEFAULTSORT:Kodjoe, Boris}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 0coqajj94t6eb13jd4m69i6fdlz47mo 0 45143 727431 208012 2026-09-23T16:13:24Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727431 wikitext text/x-wiki .Aspens, Northern New Mexico bụ foto oji na ọcha nke onye America na-ese foto Ansel Adams sere na 1958 {{Cite web|url=https://www.anseladams.com/ansel-adams-aspens-new-mexico/|title=Ansel Adams Aspens, New Mexico, 1958 - The AA Gallery|first=The Ansel Adams|author=Gallery|date=September 18, 2020}}</ref> == Akụkọ na nkọwa == Adams foto ahụ ahụ mgbe ọ na- mfe njem na Canyon de Chelly, na Arizona, ya na nri ya, Virginia, na ndị na-ese foto abụọ, Gerry Sharpe na Don Worth, n'oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ nke 1958. Nlebara anya ya  jidere na saịtị n'osisi aspens, na New Mexico, ji site na akwụkwọ edo edo ha.  O ihe ngwa ngwa ka ọ ago ma see ihe nkiri ahụ.  Ọ n'anya, sị: “N'azụ nọ na ndò nke ugwu [n'ebe ugwu Santa Fe], ìhè ahụ dị ike ma dị ike, ọ dịghị ihe ifufe na-akpali.  Ogwe osisi aspen dị akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ na akwụkwọ ya na-acha odo odo.  E ji enyemaka ruset isi ala ike ahụ.  Ọ dị mfe<ref>Ansel Adams, ''Examples: The Making of 40 Photographs'', Little, Brown & Co., Boston, 2007, p. 61</ref> <ref name="auto">{{Cite web|url=https://www.anseladams.com/ansel-adams-aspens-new-mexico/|title=Ansel Adams Aspens, New Mexico, 1958 - The AA Gallery|first=The Ansel Adams|author=Gallery|date=September 18, 2020}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFGallery2020">Gallery, The Ansel Adams (September 18, 2020). [https://www.anseladams.com/ansel-adams-aspens-new-mexico/ "Ansel Adams Aspens, New Mexico, 1958 - The AA Gallery"].</cite></ref> Adams tụlere ịse foto na agba, mana o kpebiri ime ya na oji na ọcha, usoro ọkacha mmasị ya, nke nyere ya ohere ime ka ọdịiche dị n'etiti onyinyo ọhịa na akwụkwọ osisi. Adams kwuru na "Ihe ka ọtụtụ n'ime ndị na-ekiri ihe oyiyi kwụ ọtọ na-eche na ọ bụ ebe anwụ na-acha. Mgbe m na-akọwa na ọ na-anọchi anya ọkụ na-esi na mbara igwe na-egosipụtakwa ìhè site na igwe ojii dị anya, ụfọdụ na-abanyeghachi, "Mgbe ahụ gịnị kpatara o ji dị ka ọ dị. ọ na-eme?" Ajụjụ ndị dị otú ahụ na-echetara m na ọtụtụ ndị na-ekiri na-atụ anya na foto ga-abụ ihe ngosi nkịtị nke eziokwu, ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ nwere ike ịzaghachi ihe oyiyi na-enweghị nchegbu maka eziokwu anụ ahụ nke isiokwu ahụ. " <ref>Ansel Adams, ''Examples: The Making of 40 Photographs'', Little, Brown & Co., Boston, 2007, p. 63</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.sothebys.com/en/buy/auction/2019/photographs/538f6d31-740f-469d-ac08-916a1d2dadc7|title=Sotheby's}}</ref> == Ahịa nka == . <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.christies.com/lot/lot-6059519|title=Christie's|access-date=2024-05-23|archive-date=2024-12-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241204064632/https://www.christies.com/lot/lot-6059519|url-status=dead}}</ref>Mbipụta foto a rere nke $439,500 na Christie's New York, na 6-mabụ 2017 == Nchịkọta ọha == .Enwere ike nke foto ahụ, n'etiti nchịkọta ọha na eze ndị ọzọ, na Museum of Modern Art, na New York, ndị nwe ihe ngosi nka nke Whitney nke American Art, na New York, National Museum of American History, na Washington, DC  Akwụkwọ akwụkwọ Princeton University Art.  Ndị Eze ihe ngosi nka, na Princeton, na Museum of Fine Arts, na Houston <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.moma.org/collection/works/53646|title=Ansel Adams. Aspens, Northern New Mexico. 1958 &#124; MoMA}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://whitney.org/collection/works/46478|title=Ansel Adams &#124; Aspens, Northern New Mexico|work=whitney.org}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://americanhistory.si.edu/collections/search/object/nmah_906041|title=Aspens, Northern New Mexico|work=National Museum of American History}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://artmuseum.princeton.edu/collections/objects/11450|title=Aspens, Northern New Mexico (x1969-409)|work=artmuseum.princeton.edu}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://emuseum.mfah.org/objects/61020/aspen-northern-new-mexico|title=Aspen, Northern New Mexico &#124; All Works &#124; The MFAH Collections|work=emuseum.mfah.org}}</ref> == Hụkwa == * Ndepụta foto ndị a na-ewere dị ka ihe kacha mkpa == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} nxey93i4jwhu76r69ss0qld2dr5izny 0 45209 727471 720472 2026-09-24T02:37:29Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727471 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Bevil Conway''' (amụrụ 1974), bụ ọkà mmụta akwara ozi na Zimbabwe, onye na-ese ihe na-ahụ anya, na ọkachamara n'ihe gbasara agba. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.fastcompany.com/3027740/the-fascinating-neuroscience-of-color|title=The Fascinating Neuroscience Of Color|first=Eric|author=Jaffe|date=20 March 2014|work=Fast Company}}</ref> Conway na-ahụ maka nghọta na-ahụ anya na ọrụ sayensị ya, ọ na-enyochakarịkwa njedebe nke usoro ihe ngosi na ihe osise ya. Na Wellesley College, Conway bụ Knafel Assistant Prọfesọ nke Natural Science si 2007 ruo 2011, na osote prọfesọ nke Neuroscience ruo 2016. Ọ bụ onye guzobere ngalaba Neuroscience na Wellesley. Tupu ịbanye na ngalaba Wellesley, Conway nyere aka guzobe ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụike Mahadum Kathmandu na Nepal, ebe ọ kuziri dịka osote prọfesọ na 2002–03. Ọ ugbu a </link> na-agba Sensation, Cognition and Action Unit <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.irp.nih.gov/pi/bevil-conway|title=Bevil R. Conway, Ph.D. &#124; Principal Investigators &#124; NIH Intramural Research Program|accessdate=10 May 2019|archivedate=10 May 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190510154650/https://irp.nih.gov/pi/bevil-conway}}</ref> na Laboratory of Sensorimotor Research na National Eye Institute na National Institute of Mental Health. == Sayensị == Nchoputa nke Conway bu n'obi weputa ụkpụrụ nke mmegide okpukpu abuo n'ime usoro ihe nlere anya nke primate, gosi (na 2001 <ref>{{Cite journal|first=Bevil R.|author=Conway|url=http://www.wellesley.edu/Neuroscience/Faculty_page/Conway/science/my_papers/Conway2001.pdf|title=Spatial Structure of Cone Inputs to Color Cells in Alert Macaque Primary Visual Cortex (V-1)|journal=The Journal of Neuroscience|date=15 April 2001|volume=21|issue=8|pages=2768–2783|accessdate=2010-06-10|doi=10.1523/JNEUROSCI.21-08-02768.2001|pmid=11306629}}</ref> na 2006 <ref>{{Cite journal|url=http://www.wellesley.edu/Neuroscience/Faculty_page/Conway/science/my_papers/Conway&Livingstone2006.pdf|title=Spatial and Temporal Properties of Cone Signals in Alert Macaque Primary Visual Cortex|journal=The Journal of Neuroscience|date=18 October 2006|first=Bevil R|author=Conway|accessdate=2010-06-10|volume=26|issue=42|pages=10826–10846|doi=10.1523/jneurosci.2091-06.2006|pmid=17050721}}</ref> ) na sel agba na agba nke mbu nke nhazi cortical (V1) na-agbakọ oke mpaghara nke ọrụ cone., na-eme ka ha abụọ na-agba agba-na-emegide (red-acha akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ na-acha anụnụ anụnụ-edo edo) na ndị mmegide na mbara igwe, na-atụgharị ha ka ọ bụrụ ihe ndabere maka ịdịgide agba na ụbụrụ ụbụrụ maka ịmepụta hue. == Art == Ọtụtụ n'ime nchọpụta Conway na-eduzi site n'echiche dị n'okpuru na a pụrụ iji nkà a na-ahụ anya mee ka ọ pụta ìhè banyere otú e si ahazi ozi a na-ahụ anya. <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.boston.com/news/science/articles/2008/11/10/artists_vision_decode_color_perception/|work=Boston Globe|title=Artist's vision: Decode color perception|first=Billy|author=Baker|date=2008-11-10|archive-date=2016-03-04|access-date=2024-05-23|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304081847/http://www.boston.com/news/science/articles/2008/11/10/artists_vision_decode_color_perception/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ọrụ nyocha na-aga n'ihu na-enyocha echiche ahụ na stereopsis na-adịghị mma nwere ike ịbụ ihe bara uru nye ndị na-ese ihe (nchọpụta na-atụ egwu na Rembrandt nwere ike ghara inwe stereopsis ka a tụlere n'ọtụtụ ebe na mgbasa ozi). <ref>{{Cite news|author=Blakeslee|first=Sandra|url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9C07E6D71E30F935A2575AC0A9629C8B63&sec=health|title=Deconstructing the Gaze of Rembrandt; Scientists Say a Vision Flaw May Have Aided His Genius|work=The New York Times|date=2004-09-16|accessdate=2010-06-10}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.boston.com/news/nation/articles/2004/09/16/an_eye_on_rembrandt/|work=Boston Globe|title=An eye on Rembrandt|date=2004-09-16|archive-date=2016-03-03|access-date=2024-05-23|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303234810/http://www.boston.com/news/nation/articles/2004/09/16/an_eye_on_rembrandt/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Mmasị ya na nduru-tailing nke sayensị na nka ewepụtakwala nkuzi ọkwa dị elu na Wellesley, Vision na Art: Physics, Physiology, Perception, and Practice. <ref>{{Cite journal|url=http://www.funjournal.org/downloads/200981/laferSousa-Conway81.pdf|title=Vision and Art: An Interdisciplinary Approach to Neuroscience Education|date=Fall 2009|first=Rosa|author=Lafer-Sousa|journal=Journal of Undergraduate Neuroscience Education|volume=8|issue=1|pages=A10–A17|accessdate=2010-06-10|pmid=23493842|archive-date=2011-07-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110722002927/http://www.funjournal.org/downloads/200981/laferSousa-Conway81.pdf|url-status=dead}} |work=The Journal of Undergraduate Neuroscience Education (JUNE)</ref> Conway akwalitela njikọ aka nke ụlọ ngosi ihe mgbe ochie na neuroscience, <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pem.org/blog/brain-matters|title=Brain matters|work=pem.org|accessdate=2024-05-23|archivedate=2023-09-24|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230924074549/https://www.pem.org/blog/brain-matters}}</ref> na-eje ozi dị ka onye ndụmọdụ na Peabody Essex Museum na PEM neuroscience initiative. <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/03/11/arts/how-to-get-the-brain-to-like-art.html|title=How to Get the Brain to Like Art|first=Jess|author=Bidgood|work=The New York Times|date=11 March 2017}}</ref> Dị ka onye na-ese ihe Conway na-arụsi ọrụ ike na mgbasa ozi a na-ahụ anya, nke kachasị agba mmiri, mmanụ, na mbipụta. Ọ na-abụ onye na-ese ihe mgbe nile na Columbus College of Art and Design . <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ccad.edu/events/visiting-artists-scholars-bevil-conway|title=Visiting Artists & Scholars: Bevil Conway|work=Columbus College of Art & Design|accessdate=2024-05-23|archivedate=2019-05-10|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190510154637/https://www.ccad.edu/events/visiting-artists-scholars-bevil-conway}}</ref> Ọrụ buru ibu, na-aga n'ihu bụ usoro ihe ọkpụkpụ n'ụdị igbe iko. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.hillcenterdc.org/artist/regional-juried-exhibition-2019/|title=Regional Juried Exhibition 2019}}</ref> <ref name="wellesley">{{Cite web|url=http://www.wellesley.edu/Neuroscience/Faculty_page/Conway/index.htm|title=Bevil Conway}}</ref> Ọchịchọ ya bụ ajụjụ ndị bụ isi nke imepụta nka: Olee otú ụbụrụ na ihe a na-ahụ anya si akwado ime ihe nka? Kedu ọrụ ebe nchekwa akwara na-eme akara na akwụkwọ na, n'ụzọ sara mbara karị, na usoro okike? Kedu ka ndị na-ese ihe si agbagha mgbochi na njedebe nke usoro ihe anya anyị? Ọrụ ya dị na nchịkọta nke Fogg Art Museum, nchịkọta onwe ya na Europe, North America na Africa, ma gosipụta ya na akwụkwọ na mgbasa ozi. <ref name="wellesley" /> == Ihe ndetu == Natural Science si 2007 ruo 2011, na osote prọfesọ nke Neuroscience ruo 2016. Ọ bụ onye guzobere ngalaNatural Science si 2007 ruo 2011, na osote prọfesọ nke Neuroscience ruo 2016. Ọ bụ onye guzobere ngalaba Neuroscience na Wellesley. Tupu ịbanyeba Neuroscience na Wellesley. Tupu ịbanye{{Reflist|2}} == Njikọ mpụga == * Official website {{DEFAULTSORT:Conway, Bevil}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] jx8wagc8dq503rmvjuci27tv3b253zj 0 45861 727389 170216 2026-09-23T12:01:29Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727389 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}  '''Alitha E. Martinez''' bụ onye America na-ese akwụkwọ na-atọ ọchị nke a maara nke ọma maka ọrụ ya maka Marvel Comics' Iron Man, Heroes webcomics, na DC's Batgirl . <ref>{{Cite news|author=Regine L. Sawyer|url=http://www.cbr.com/women-in-comics-nyc-collective-international-womens-history-month-spotlights-alithea-e-martinez/|title=Women in Comics NYC Collective International: Women's History Month Spotlights – Alithea E. Martinez|date=March 25, 2015|work=CBR|accessdate=2017-03-18|language=en-US}}</ref> N'oge ọrụ ya, ọ rụrụ ọrụ maka ndị isi na-ebipụta akwụkwọ na-atọ ọchị, gụnyere Marvel, DC Comics, Image Comics, na Archie Comics. == Ọrụ == Martinez gara ụlọ akwụkwọ Visual Arts n'etiti afọ ndị 1990. Ọ tụlere ihe ịma aka ndị ọ na-eche ihu dịka ọ bụ naanị nwa akwụkwọ nwanyị na klas ya na-ese ihe nkiri.<ref name="SVA">[https://sva.edu/features/get-to-know-bfa-cartooning-faculty-member-alitha-martinez "Get To Know: BFA Cartooning Faculty Member Alitha Martinez,"] School of Visual Arts website (April 8, 2021).</ref> Maka ọtụtụ n'ime ọkara ikpeazụ nke afọ 1990, Martinez rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye na-enyere ndị okike ndị ọzọ aka / onye na-eme ihe, ọrụ mbụ ya a maara bụ onyinye ya na 1993 na usoro ''Cable''. Martinez na-agụ 1999 dị ka nnukwu oge ọ na-eme ihe ọchị mgbe ọ na-arụ ọrụ dị ka onye na-enyere onye nchịkọta akụkọ Marvel Joe Quesada aka. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.theshadowleague.com/story/tsl-comic-book-convo-presents-comic-book-chats-with-artists-alitha-e-martinez-and-the-franchize-jerry-gaylord|title=TSL Comic Book Convo Presents: Comic Book Chats with Artists Alitha E. Martinez and The Franchize Jerry Gaylord|publisher=The Shadow League|date=December 23, 2015}}</ref> <ref name="SFW">Horne, Karama. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210928235340/https://www.syfy.com/syfywire/indie-comics-spotlight-alitha-martinez-has-been-here-before "Indie Comics Spotlight: Alitha Martinez Has Been Here Before,"] ''SyFyWire'' (Feb 15, 2018).</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20211028190211/https://www.marvel.com/comics/creators/794/alitha_martinez "Alitha Martinez: Comics,"] Marvel.com. Retrieved July 5, 2020.</ref> Site na njikọ a, ọ ghọrọ onye na-ese ihe na Iron Man, na-arụ ọrụ n'akwụkwọ ahụ maka akụkụ ka mma nke afọ 2000 na 2001. Mgbe usoro nke obere oge na otu-shots maka afọ ole na ole sochirinụ, Martinez ghọrọ onye na-ese ihe mgbe niile na Season 2 na Season 3 Heroes webcomics mepụtara na 2008-2009 iji gbakwunye ihe ngosi telivishọn a ma ama nke otu aha ahụ. N'ịga na DC Comics, Martinez so mepụta onye ọjọọ Knightfall na Batgirl # 10 (Ọgọst 2012). N'afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya, o nyere aka mepụta ihe osise ahụ, gụnyere ihe osise mkpuchi, maka mbipụta ncheta pụrụ iche nke ''Riverdale'' site na Archie Comics.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Ron C.|url=http://archiecomics.com/firstlooks3-1-17/|title=Check out a preview of Riverdale One Shot and more new Archie Comics on sale 3/1/17|date=February 28, 2017|work=Archie Comics|accessdate=2017-03-18|language=en-US}}</ref> &nbsp;Martinez dere ọtụtụ n'ime mbipụta ise mbụ nke World of Wakanda, nke sitere na Marvel Comics '''Black Panther'' nke Roxane Gay dere.<ref name="paste">{{Cite web|author=Wade|first=Cameron|title=See the First Page of World of Wakanda from Roxane Gay, Ta-Nehisi Coates & Alitha Martinez|url=https://www.pastemagazine.com/articles/2016/10/roxane-gay-ta-nehisi-coates-world-of-wakanda.html|work=pastemagazine.com|publisher=Paste Magazine|accessdate=20 March 2017|language=en|date=13 October 2016|archivedate=21 March 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170321084027/https://www.pastemagazine.com/articles/2016/10/roxane-gay-ta-nehisi-coates-world-of-wakanda.html}}</ref> &nbsp;&nbsp;N'afọ 2017, ọ bụ onye na-ese ihe nkiri maka usoro Lazarus X+66 nke Image Comics, nke Greg Rucka dere.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://imagecomics.com/comics/releases/lazarus-x66-4-of-6|title=Lazarus: X+66 #4 (Of 6)|publisher=[[Image Comics]]|accessdate=November 8, 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171109081131/https://imagecomics.com/comics/releases/lazarus-x66-4-of-6|archivedate=November 9, 2017}}</ref> Ọ rụkwara ọrụ na mbipụta ise nke Marvel Comics' Moon Girl na Devil Dinosaur. N'afọ 2020, e tinyere ihe osise nke Martinez na ihe ngosi Women in Comics: Looking Forward, Looking Back na Society of Illustrators na New York City.<ref name="SVA"/> == Ndụ onwe onye == Martinez bụ onye Honduras na Curaçao. O nwere nwa nwoke aha ya bụ Michael.<ref name="SFW"/> == Onyinye == * 2018 Eisner Award maka Best Limited Series (World of Wakanda) <ref>Petski, Denise. [https://deadline.com/2018/07/eisner-awards-2018-winners-list-montress-my-favorite-thing-is-monsters-1202430916/ "Eisner Awards 2018: The Complete Winners List – Comic-Con,"] ''Deadline'' (July 21, 2018).</ref> * 2018 GLAAD Media Award maka Outstanding Comic Book <ref>{{Cite web|author=Herviou|first=Nicole|title=Marvel's Black Panther: World of Wakanda Wins GLAAD Media Award|url=https://www.cbr.com/black-panther-world-wakanda-glaad-award/|work=[[Comic Book Resources]]|publisher=Valnet Inc.|accessdate=June 29, 2018|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20180629193733/https://www.cbr.com/black-panther-world-wakanda-glaad-award/|archivedate=June 29, 2018|date=April 13, 2018}}</ref> == Bibliography (ahọrọ) == === Archie Comics === * New Crusaders mbipụta #3-5 (2013) - ya na onye edemede Ian Flynn * ''Riverdale One-Shot'' (2017) - ya na onye edemede [[Will Ewing]] * Mighty Crusaders #1 (Dec. 2018) - ya na onye edemede Ian FlynnIan Flynn === Mbipụta Ekwensu kwesịrị ekwesị === * Voltron: Defender of the Universe #9-11 (2004) - ya na onye edemede Dan Jolley === ''Ndị dike'' === * Faces, Part 1 (2008) - ya na onye edemede Mark Sable * ''Berlin'' akụkụ 1 na 2 (2008) - ya na onye edemede [[Christopher Zatta]] * Hindsight (2008) - ya na onye edemede [[Oliver Grigsby]] * Foresight (2008) - ya na onye edemede [[Zach Craley]] * Dreams Unto Death (2008) - ya na onye edemede Christopher Zatta[[Christopher Zatta]] * The Sting of Injustice (2008) - ya na onye edemede Christopher Zatta[[Christopher Zatta]] * ''Echiche'' (2008) - ya na onye edemede Chuck Kim * The Caged Bird parts 1 na 2 (2008) - ya na onye edemede [[Timm Keppler]] * What We Have Wrought (2009) - ya na onye edemede [[Joseph Robert Donnelly]] === NBM/Papercutz === * ''WWE Slam City Comics'' (2014) - ya na onye edemede [[Mathias Triton]] * ''Papercutz Free Comic Book Day'' #11 (2016) - ya na onye edemede Sarah Kuhn == Edensibia == [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] kdsnr1f288z3ax3iocap4yjqpxjlnz9 0 46032 727505 720557 2026-09-24T04:13:20Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727505 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}  '''Brumsic Brandon Jr.''' (April 10, 1927 - November 28, 2014) <ref name="ssdi">[https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:KRX2-N83 Brumsic Brandon a.k.a. Brumsic B. Brandon] at the [[Social Security Death Index]] via FamilySearch.org. Retrieved on June 20, 2015. [https://web.archive.org/web/20150620225739/https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:KRX2-N83 Archived] from the original on June 20, 2015.</ref> bụ onye na-ese ihe nkiri African-American nke 1969-1986 ''Luther'' bụ otu n'ime ndị mbụ na-eme ihe ọchị iji gosipụta onye Africa America na-eduzi ọrụ. == Mbido ndụ na ọrụ == A mụrụ ya na [[Washington, D.C.]], Brumsic Brandon Jr. bụ nwa nke abụọ n'ime ụmụ ise Brumsic Bruno Sr., onye na-ebubata ndị ọrụ Union Station, na Pearl Brooks Brandon mụrụ.<ref name="nytobit" /> Ọ gara ụlọ akwụkwọ dị na mpaghara ụlọ akwụkwọ ọha na eze nke Armstrong.<ref name="westburytimes">{{Cite news|url=https://thewestburytimes.com/2014/12/remembering-a-cartoon-legacy/|title=Remembering A Cartoon Legacy|work=The Westbury Times|date=December 23, 2014|first=Domenica|author=Farishian|archive-date=April 22, 2016|access-date=May 29, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160422071605/http://thewestburytimes.com/2014/12/remembering-a-cartoon-legacy/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Mgbe ọ ka dị afọ iri na ụma, na ebumnuche nka ya nke ezinụlọ ya na onye nkuzi nka ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị kwadoro, Brandon malitere itinye echiche na-atọ ọchị na akwụkwọ akụkọ. Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ nka na Mahadum New York, e debara aha ya na Ndị agha US. Mgbe ọ rụchara ọrụ afọ abụọ na Germany, [1] ebe ọ ruru ọkwa nke sergent, ọ laghachiri New York City ma mee ihe ọchị mgbe ọ rụcharachara ọrụ n'ọrụ dị iche iche.<ref name="legacy" /> Ndị were ya n'ọrụ gụnyere RCA na Bray Studios, ebe ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye na-eme ihe nkiri.[3]<ref name="legacy">{{Cite news|url=http://www.legacy.com/obituaries/floridatoday/obituary.aspx?pid=173333233|title=Brumsic Brandon Jr. Obituary|publisher=[[Florida Today]] via Legacy.com|date=December 2, 2014|accessdate=June 20, 2015}}</ref> O bipụtara ihe osise mbụ ya n'afọ 1945, ma see ihe osise nchịkọta akụkọ yana ihe osise, ụfọdụ n'ime ha chịkọtara n'akwụkwọ 1966 Damned If We Do, and Damned If Us Don't, <ref>{{Cite book|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/31316857|title=''Damned If We Do, and Damned If We Don't''|publisher=[[WorldCat]]|oclc=31316857|accessdate=June 20, 2015}}</ref> nke San Jose, California chapter nke nzukọ Civil Rights CORE na Santa Clara Valley Friends of SNCC bipụtara.<ref>[https://www.amazon.com/Damned-If-We-Do-Dont/dp/B005APN0R0 ''Damned If We Do, and Damned If We Don't''] at Amazon.com. [https://web.archive.org/web/20150621012939/http://www.amazon.com/Damned-If-We-Do-Dont/dp/B005APN0R0 Archived] from the original on June 20, 2015</ref> == ''Luther'' na telivishọn == Mgbe ahụ, ọ tụụrụ ime ''Luther'', ihe na-atọ ọchị banyere ụmụaka ndị Afrịka-Amerịka nọ n'ime obodo, nke nwere isiokwu na-atọ ụtọ banyere ọgụ maka ịha nhata agbụrụ.<ref name="lam">[http://www.lambiek.net/artists/b/brandon_brumsic.htm Brumsic Brandon Jr.] at the [[Lambiek Comiclopedia]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20140528182231/http://www.lambiek.net/artists/b/brandon_brumsic.htm Archived] from the original on May 1, 2014.</ref><ref name="horn">{{Cite book|editor=Horn|title=100 Years of American Newspaper Comics|url=https://archive.org/details/100yearsofameric0000unse_p6m3|publisher=[[Gramercy Books]]|location=New York York|year=1996|pages=[https://archive.org/details/100yearsofameric0000unse_p6m3/page/190 190]–191|isbn=0-517-12447-5}}</ref> Ọ kpọrọ aha onye isi ya, onye nọ na klas nke atọ, n'aha onye na-ahụ maka ihe ndị ruuru mmadụ Rev. Dr. [[Martin Luther King Jr.|Luther King Jr.">Martin Luther King Jr.]] N'afọ 1968, akwụkwọ akụkọ Long Island Newsday malitere ịhazi Luther site na obere ụlọ ọrụ ya, Newsday Specials, [2] na njikọ aka na Reporters' News Syndicate, atụmatụ e mere iji mụbaa òkè nke ndị nta na ọrụ mgbasa " [./Brumsic_Brandon_Jr.#cite_note-nytobit-2 <span class="mw-reflink-text"><nowiki>[4]</nowiki></span>]<ref name="Local">{{Cite web|title='Coloring Outside the Lines: Black Cartoonists as Social Commentators' exhibit to open at Laney|date=August 6, 2010|url=http://archive.oaklandlocal.com/article/coloring-outside-lines-black-cartoonists-social-commentators-coming-laney-college-library-au|publisher=Oakland Local|accessdate=February 23, 2014|archivedate=August 23, 2010|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100823215313/http://oaklandlocal.com/article/coloring-outside-lines-black-cartoonists-social-commentators-coming-laney-college-library-au}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://rs5.loc.gov/service/mss/eadxmlmss/eadpdfmss/2012/ms012153.pdf|title=Robert G. Spivack Papers: A Finding Aid to the Collection in the Library of Congress|publisher=Manuscript Division, [[Library of Congress]]|date=2012|quote=...Spivack's late 1960s initiative, Reporters' News Syndicate, a program designed to give minority candidates practical training in journalism....|accessdate=June 20, 2015|archivedate=April 26, 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150426232609/http://rs5.loc.gov/service/mss/eadxmlmss/eadpdfmss/2012/ms012153.pdf}}</ref> N'afọ 1970, mgbe Times Mirror zụrụ Newsday, a na-ejikọta ya n'ọtụtụ ebe site na ụlọ ọrụ Los Angeles Times Syndicate. [2][5]<ref name="Local" /> Na mbido afọ 1970, Brandon pụtara dị ka onwe ya, a.k.a. Maazị B.B., na-ese ma na-enye nkuzi nka dị mfe na mmemme telivishọn ụmụaka WPIX-TV Joya's Fun School na New York City. <ref name="nytobit">{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/12/03/arts/design/brumsic-brandon-jr-creator-of-luther-comic-strip-dies-at-87.html|title=Brumsic Brandon Jr., Creator of 'Luther' Strip, Dies at 87|first=Paul|author=Vitellodec|date=December 2, 2014|work=[[The New York Times]]|accessdate=June 20, 2015}}</ref><ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d2OR_-Y8c2A "''Time for Joya''<nowiki> [featuring Brandon Brumsic Jr.]"</nowiki>], published July 20, 2010, on [[YouTube]].</ref> Mgbe nkwụsịtụ nke June 1986 nke ''Luther'' mgbe Brandon lara ezumike nká, <ref name="lam"/> Brandon nyere ihe nkiri ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na ihe odide na Brevard County, Florida, akwụkwọ akụkọ Florida Today. == Ndụ onwe onye == N'afọ 1959, Brandon na ezinụlọ ya kwagara New Cassel, New York, obodo nta Long Island dị nso na Westbury, New York.<ref name="westburytimes"/> <ref>{{Cite journal|author=Degand|first=D.|date=2023|title='Black lines on white paper': How comic artist Barbara Brandon-Croft draws on Where [She's] Coming From|url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/21504857.2023.2282063|journal=Journal of Graphic Novels and Comics|pages=1-23|doi=10.1080/21504857.2023.2282063|accessdate=April 10, 2024}}</ref>Mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, ha biri na mpaghara Ugwu Pocono tupu ha emechaa biri na Florida ihe karịrị afọ 25.<ref name="legacy"/> Ọ lụrụ nwunye ya Rita ruo afọ 64 n'oge ọnwụ ya. Di na nwunye ahụ nwere ụmụ atọ: Barbara Brandon, a.k.a. Barbara Brandon-Croft, onye ga-abụ nwanyị mbụ na-ese ihe nkiri African-American, Linda, na nwa nwoke, Brumsic Brandon III. <ref name="horn"/><ref name="nytobit"/> Ezinụlọ ahụ ejighị n'aka mmalite nke aha Brumsic, na akụkọ ezinụlọ a na-ejighị n'anya na-eche na ọ nwere ike isite na "Brunswick".[5]<ref name="nytobit" /> Ọ nwụrụ na Cocoa Beach, Florida, n'ihi nsogbu sitere na [[Ọrià Parkinson|Ọrịa Parkinson]].<ref name="nytobit"/> O nwere ụmụnne anọ: Grievance, onye nwụrụ tupu ya, Yvonne, Waliakbar Muhammad, na Ivan.<ref name="legacy"/> == Akwụkwọ == Nchịkọta ''Luther'': * ''Luther from Inner City'' (Independent Publishers Group, 1969; {{ISBN|0-8397-5650-X}}; {{ISBN|978-0-8397-5650-7}}) * ''Luther Tells It as It Is!'' (Paul S. Eriksson, 1970; {{ISBN|0-8397-5670-4}}; {{ISBN|978-0-8397-5670-5}}) * ''Right on, Luther!'' (Paul S, Eriksson, 1971; {{ISBN|0839770758}}; {{ISBN|978-0839770756}}) * ''Luther Raps'' (Paul S, Eriksson, 1971; {{ISBN|0839756658}}; {{ISBN|978-0839756651}}) * ''Outta Sight Luther'' (Paul S. Eriksson, 1972; {{ISBN|0839764812}}; {{ISBN|978-0839764816}}) * ''Luther's Got Class'' (Paul S. Eriksson, 1976; {{ISBN|0839756682}}; {{ISBN|978-0839756682}}) == Ihe ngosi == * 2020 "Still... Racism in America: A Retrospective in Cartoons" (Medialia Gallery, New York City) - ihe ngosi jikọrọ aka na nwa nwanyị Brandon Barbara Brandon-Croft <ref>[https://www.medialiagallery-archive.com/2020/feb2020spaceII.html Exhibition web page], Medialia Gallery website. Retrieved Apr. 2, 2024.</ref><ref>[https://abc7ny.com/society/still-racism-in-america---a-retrospective-in-cartoons/6063450/ "SOCIETY: STILL: Racism in America - A Retrospective in Cartoons,"] ''[[ABC7NY]]'' ''Here and Now'' Episode 269: Segment 3 (March 30, 2020).</ref> * 2024 "Still... Racism in America: A Retrospective in Cartoons" (University of California-Davis Design Museum, Davis, CA) - ihe ngosi jikọrọ aka na Brandon-Croft na nna ya Brumsic Brandon Jr.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20240402210442/https://arts.ucdavis.edu/event/still-racism-america-retrospective-cartoons Exhibition web page], University of California-Davis website. Retrieved Apr. 2, 2024.</ref> == Edensibia == 5rizhtkt0mer14hfmwbdev3fay6amm7 0 46542 727556 577926 2026-09-24T08:14:27Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727556 wikitext text/x-wiki  [[File:Cap Wigington circa 1905.jpg|thumb|Clarence W. Wigington]] Clarence Wesley "Cap" Wigington (1883-1967) bụ onye omenkà America tolitere na Omaha, Nebraska .  Mgbe o nwetara ihe nrite a mbụ mbụ na unyi, pensụl, na pen na ink na udo nka n'oge ngosi Trans-Mississippi na 1899, Wigington gara n'ihu wee bụrụ onye na-ese ụlọ ụlọ ama ama n'ofe Midwwest United States  , n'oge ndị na-ese ụlọ ụlọ Africa-American nọ.  ole na ole.  [1] Wigington bụ onye na-ese ụlọ ụlọ mbụ nke mba ahụ, [2] na-eje ozi afọ 34 dị ka onye isi maka Obodo Saint Paul, ụlọ ọrụ ụlọ nke Minnesota mgbe obodo ahụ nwere nnukwu mmemme ụlọ.  [3] Iri isii nke ụlọ ya ka na-eje na St. Paul, na ọtụtụ akwụkwọ na National Register of Historic Places .  Ihe nketa ihe owuwu nke Wigington bụ otu n'ime arụrụ arụ kacha arụ ọrụ nke onye na-ese ụlọ ụlọ Africa-America. <ref name="Taylor, D.V. 2002 p 4">Taylor, D.V. (2002) p 4.</ref> == Akụkọ ndụ == [[Usòrò:Highland_Park_Water_Tower_early_spring.jpg|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb| Highland Park Tower na Saint Paul, Minnesota]] Clarence Wesley Wigington na Lawrence, Kansas, na 1883, mana ya gwara Omaha n'oge na-adịghị anya, ebe a na-ahụ maka mpaghara North Omaha's Walnut Hill .  Mgbe ọ akwụkwọ akwụkwọ na Omaha High School mgbe ọ dị afọ 15 <nowiki></link></nowiki>Wigington akwụkwọ ụlọ akwụkwọ na 1902 ọrụ maka Thomas R. Kimball, onye isi oche nke American Institute of Architects ahụ mgbe.  Mgbe afọ isii gachara ọ ụlọ ọrụ nke ya.  N'afọ 1910, ọnụ ọgụgụ US depụtara Wigington dị ka otu n'ime ikike 59 ndị na-ese ụlọ ụlọ, ndị na-ese ihe na ndị na-ese ihe na mba America 59. [1] Mgbe na Omaha, Wigington haziri  Broomfield Rowhouse, Zion Baptist Church, na nke abụọ St. John's African Methodist Episcopal Church ụlọ, nyere ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ otu na ebe otutu.. Mgbe ọ lụsịrị Viola Williams, Wigington ọrụ ọrụ ọhaneze mbụ ya, imebe obere ụlọ ọrụ mgbawa brik na Sheridan, Wyoming .  Ụlọ ụlọ ọrụ ahụ ruo ọtụtụ afọ. Wigington gara n’ihu n’akwa ya na Saint Paul, Minnesota, ebe ọ ama obodo.  Ọ kwagara ebe ahụ na 1914 na ka ọ na-erule 1917, e buliri ya n'ọkwa onye ụlọ ụlọ ụlọ ochie maka Obodo St. Paul.  N'ime 1920s na 30s, Wigington haziri ọtụtụ ụlọ ụlọ akwụkwọ ọhaneze Saint Paul, yana ụlọ golf, ọdụ ọkụ, ụlọ akwụkwọ, na ụgbọ elu maka obodo ahụ.  Ihe owuwu Wigington ndị ikwu Highland Park Tower, Holman Field Administration Building na Harriet Island Pavilion, niile oge a na National Register of Historic Places, yana Roy Wilkins Auditorium .  Wigington mekwara nnukwu obi ice maka St. Paul Winter Carnival na 1930s na 40s. <ref>Taylor, D.V. (2002) ''various''.</ref> Wigington so na ndị 13 akara Sterling Club, ndị na- ụgbọ okporo maka ndị na-anya okporo, bellboys, ndị na-echere, ndị ụgbọ ala na ndị isi ojii ndị ọzọ.  Ọ tọrọ ntọala ndị nchekwa ụlọ nke Minnesota, ndị agha ojii niile hibere na 1918 mgbe nkewa iwu ire na nchekwa mba Minnesota n'oge Agha mbụ Mbụ .  Dị ka onye ndú nke otu ahụ, e nyere ya ọkwa Oga ụgbọ mmiri, nke sitere na aha aha ahụ bụ "Cap. <ref>Lienhard, J. [http://www.uh.edu/engines/epi1709.htm "Cap Wigington,"] ''The Engines of Ingenuity.'' Retrieved 10/6/07.</ref> Mgbe ọ lara ezumike nká na Obodo St. Paul na 1949, Wigington ọdịdị omume ụlọ ụlọ na California.  N’oge na-adịghị anya ọ kwagara Kansas City, Missouri na 1967, ọ nwụrụ na Julaị 7. <ref>Taylor, D.V. (2002) p 109.</ref> == Atụmatụ ama ama == Dị ka nnukwu onye na-ese ụlọ ụlọ maka obodo ahụ, Wigington haziri ụlọ akwụkwọ, ụbọ ọkụ, ihe owuwu na ụlọ ime obodo.  E ọrụ ya na Omaha, Wigington mekwara ụlọ ahụ nke butere Mahadum North Carolina State University na Durham. <ref>Savage, B.L. (1995) ''African American Historic Places.'' John Wiley and Sons. p. 1291.</ref> Ihe ahụ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ụlọ 60 e mere Wigington ka guzo na St. Paul.  Ha ụlọ ụlọ elu Highland Park Club a ma ama, ụlọ akwụkwọ Cleveland, Randolph Heights Elementary School, na ogbe ndị uwe ojii St. Paul, na mgbakwunye na Palm House na ndị Zoological na Como Park Zoo .  [1] Ọdụ ọkụ No. 19, dị n'ebe ugwu nke Highland Park Tower, nri na National Register of Historic Places dị ka nke April 2023. [2] Ọ bụ ebe na edeghị Wigington na blueprints, ndepụta NRHP na-ekwusi ike.  na "ọ ga-abụ na a ndekọ Wigington ma ọ na-akpọ ala na nhazi nke Fire Station No. 19, ma ọ bụrụ na ọ bụghị na-eje ozi dị ka onye mbụ mbụ n'onwe ya." <ref>{{Cite web|author=Wallace|first=Lindsey|date=March 23, 2023|title=National Register of Historic Places Registration Form: Fire Station No. 19|url=https://mn.gov/admin/assets/CLG%20and%20SRB_Fire%20Station%20No.%2019_Nomination_tcm36-557445.pdf|accessdate=April 14, 2023|work=Minnesota State Historic Preservation Office}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" ! colspan="6" align="center" |'''Ụlọ ndị ama ama nke Wigington chepụtara''' ''n'usoro n'usoro nke afọ e wuru'' |- ! Aha ! Ebe ! Ewuru ya ! NRHP ? <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20100616205817/http://www.nps.gov/history/nr/ National Register Information System]. National Park Service. Retrieved 10/10/07.</ref> |- | Broomfield Rowhouse | 2502-2504 Lake Street, North [[Omaha, Nebraska]] | 1913 | Ee |- | Zion Baptist Church | 2215 Grant Street, North Omaha | 1914 | Mba |- | [[Como Park Elementary School]] | 780 Wheelock Parkway W., St. Paul, Minnesota | 1916 | Mba |- | Highland Park Tower | 1570 Highland Parkway, St. Paul | 1928 | Ee |- | Ụlọ Nzukọ Roy Wilkins | 175 Kellogg Boulevard West, St. Paul | 1932 | Mba |- | Ụlọ nchịkwa Holman Field | 644 Bayfield Street, St. Paul | 1939 | Ee |- | Ebe ntụrụndụ egwuregwu Hamline | 1564 Lafond Ave., St. Paul | 1940 | Mba |- | Pavilion Island Harriet | 75 Water Street, St. Paul | 1941 | Ee |- | [[St. James A.M.E. Church (Saint Paul, Minnesota)|St James AME Ụka]] | 624 Central Avenue West, St. Paul | | Mba |- | Ebe obibi onwe maka Jack G. Butwin | 357 Woodlawn Ave., St. Paul | 1948 | Mba <ref>Cap Wigington: An Architectural Legacy in Ice and Stone, p. 118 |David Vassar Taylor, Paul Clifford Larson |Minnesota Historical Society Press, 2001</ref> |} == Ihe nketa == <ref name="Taylor, D.V. 2002 p 4">Taylor, D.V. (2002) p 4.</ref>Ndị nwe iri isii nke ụlọ ya ka na-eje na Saint Paul, na anọ ngosi site n'ịdepụta na National Register of Historic Places, na mgbakwunye na ụlọ ọzọ edebanyere aha nke o ibu ka ọ haziri.  Ihe nketa ihe owuwu ya bụ otu n'ime ọrụ ozi mkpa nke onye na-ese ụlọ ụlọ Africa-America Akpọgharịrị aha ya iji sọpụrụ Wigington na 1998, a na-akpọ Pavilion Island Harriet ugbu a Clarence W. Wigington Pavilion. == Hụkwa == * Ihe owuwu nke North Omaha, Nebraska == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} * Olson, Bob, ''Ụlọ elu mmiri, Pavilion na saịtị akụkọ ihe mere eme atọ nke mba - Clarence Wigington na ihe nketa akụkọ ihe mere eme ọ hapụrụ nye ndị St Paul'', Ramsey County History Quarterly V34 #4, Ramsey County Historical Society, St Paul, MN, 2000 . == Njikọ mpụga == {{Commons category}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20240712121055/https://www.mnopedia.org/person/wigington-clarence-1883-1967 Clarence Wigington na MNopedia, akwụkwọ akụkọ Minnesota] * [http://special.lib.umn.edu/findaid/xml/naa194.xml Akwụkwọ ezinụlọ Wigington Pemberton, N194], Northwest Architectural Archives, Mahadum nke Minnesota Libraries, Minneapolis, MN. * [http://minnesota.publicradio.org/display/web/2010/04/21/cap-wigington/ Cap Wigington, St. Paul's architects], ajụjụ ọnụ nke Dr. Annette Atkins na Minnesota Public Radio * [https://northomahahistory.com/2014/10/30/a-biography-of-cap-clarence-wigington-an-architect-in-north-omaha-nebraska/ Akụkọ ndụ nke "Cap" Clarence Wigington] nke Linda Williams maka NorthOmahaHistory.com 57mu4a4s51bjxrv4t6j9qnfbpxhkinv 0 46677 727465 708372 2026-09-24T02:15:00Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727465 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} {{Infobox person|name=Benji Reid|image=Photographer Benji Reid by Beki Bateson.jpg|caption=Benji Reid in 2021|nationality=British|occupation=photographer|website=[https://www.benjireid.com/ benjireid.com]}} {{Databox}}'''Benji Reid''' (amụrụ 1966) bụ onye na-ese foto Britain, onye na-eme ihe nkiri na onye nkuzi. Ọrụ ya na-elekwasị anya na njikọ nke agbụrụ, mba, na okike na-elekwasị anya na ahụmịhe Black British, oke nwoke na ahụike uche. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Holding on to Daddy|url=https://www.mentalhealthtoday.co.uk/innovations/holding-on-to-daddy-the-award-winning-photogapher-who-asks-breakdown-or-breakthrough|accessdate=2021-08-27|work=MHT|language=en}}</ref> Foto ya ''na-ejide nna'' (2016) bụ onye mmeri nke Wellcome Photography Prize 2020 Mental Health. <ref name="Wellcome Trust">{{Cite web|title=Wellcome Photography Prize 2020|url=https://wellcome.org/what-we-do/our-work/wellcome-photography-prize/2020|work=[[Wellcome Trust]]|accessdate=14 August 2021|language=en}}</ref> Onye ọsụ ụzọ nke ihe nkiri hip-hop na omenala na United Kingdom, <ref>{{Cite news|author=Crompton|first=Sarah|date=2023-07-14|title=Manchester international festival: Benji Reid: Find Your Eyes; Tino Sehgal: This Entry – review|language=en-GB|work=The Observer|url=https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2023/jul/14/benji-reid-find-your-eyes-manchester-academy-review-tino-sehgal-this-entry-juan-meta-whitworth-art-gallery-manchester-international-festival-2023-mif|accessdate=2023-09-17}}</ref> Reid na-akọwa onwe ya dị ka "onye na-ese foto choreo", okwu ọ chepụtara <ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-07-22|title=The Super Powers Of The Choreo-Photolist|url=https://onyinyeubah.com/the-super-powers-of-the-choreo-photolist/|accessdate=2021-08-14|work=Onyinye Ubah|language=en-US|archivedate=2021-08-14|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210814205010/https://onyinyeubah.com/the-super-powers-of-the-choreo-photolist/}}</ref> <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|author=Elmer|first=Kailas|date=2021-09-03|title=Laugh At Gravity - Benji Reid|url=https://www.trebuchet-magazine.com/events/laugh-at-gravity-benji-reid/|accessdate=2021-08-14|work=Trebuchet|language=en-GB}}</ref> iji na-ezo aka na omume nke ijikọ ihe nkiri na choreography na ya. foto. <ref>{{Cite web|date=2017-11-13|title=The stunning work of Benji Reid, The Choreo-Photolist|url=https://nevahblackdown.com/2017/11/13/the-stunning-work-of-benji-reid-the-choreo-photolist/|accessdate=2021-08-14|work=NevahBlackDown|language=en|archivedate=2021-08-14|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210814130751/https://nevahblackdown.com/2017/11/13/the-stunning-work-of-benji-reid-the-choreo-photolist/}}</ref> E gosipụtara ọrụ ya na MoCADA Museum na New York, <ref>{{Cite web|title=TOUR NOTES JANUARY 2019 Styles of Resistance|url=https://mocada.org/hello/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/MoCADA-Tour-Notes_Streetwear.pdf|accessdate=2024-06-03|archivedate=2023-04-15|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230415115715/https://mocada.org/hello/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/MoCADA-Tour-Notes_Streetwear.pdf}}</ref> Somerset House na London, <ref>{{Cite web|title=At Somerset House, Half a Century of Black Creativity is On Display|url=https://www.widewalls.ch/magazine/black-artistic-production-somerset-house|accessdate=2021-08-17|work=Widewalls|language=en}}</ref> na Design Fair Paris. <ref>{{Cite web|author=T. S. A. Editors|date=2021-07-18|title=AKAA Announces Its 6th Edition at Carreau du Temple, Paris|url=https://thesoleadventurer.com/akaa-announces-its-6th-edition-at-carreau-du-temple-paris/|accessdate=2021-08-17|work=The Sole Adventurer|language=en-US|archivedate=2021-08-17|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210817125955/https://thesoleadventurer.com/akaa-announces-its-6th-edition-at-carreau-du-temple-paris/}}</ref> == Afọ mbụ == Benji Reid tolitere na Manchester na ezinụlọ ndị na-etinye aka na nka na nke a na-eji ọzụzụ nka akpọrọ ihe nke ukwuu. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2021)">Ihe e dere n'akwụkwọ ozi</span>]]'' &#x5D;</sup> Ya na ụmụnne nwanyị Joan, Beverly, na Claudia, </link>A kpọbatara Reid na egwu na ịgba egwu site na nwata: "Amaara ga-abụ onye na-ese ihe. na-ekwu." <ref name="partnerships">{{Cite web|author=partnerships|date=2017-01-26|title=Interview with Benji Reid|url=https://methodactingasia.com/interview-benji-reid/|accessdate=2021-08-14|work=HCAC|language=en}}</ref> Reid nwere mmasị na ịgba egwu nke oge a mgbe ọ dị afọ asaa mgbe ya na nne ya malitere ịga ihe ngosi na Ụlọ ihe nkiri Obí dị n'ógbè ahụ. Na 1974 <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2021)">,</span>]]'' &#x5D; &#x5B;</sup> dị afọ asatọ, ọ gara nnukwu ịwa ahụ obi. <ref name="partnerships" /> Ihe omume a mere ka Reid si dị adị na ndụ na nka na mmasị ya na ọnwụ na ọnọdụ mmadụ. <ref name="partnerships" /> N'agbanyeghị nsogbu ahụike ya, ọ kụziiri onwe ya ịgba egwu robot nke ama ama na njedebe 1970s na mmalite 1980 na nke a tụgharịrị n'ime mpụta . <ref>{{Cite web|title=RealTime Arts - Magazine - issue 53 - Benji Reid: winning body popper|url=http://www.realtimearts.net/article/issue53/6997|accessdate=2021-08-27|work=www.realtimearts.net|archivedate=2021-08-27|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210827081846/http://www.realtimearts.net/article/issue53/6997}}</ref> N'agbata afọ 1984 na 1986, Reid jiri Broken Glass gagharịa na mba na mba ụwa, otu n'ime ndị ọrụ mgbawa na United Kingdom. <ref>{{Cite web|date=2011-10-08|title=Broken Glass|url=https://www.electrofunkroots.co.uk/articles/broken_glass.html|accessdate=2021-07-27|work=Electrofunkroots}}</ref> == Ịgba egwu na ihe nkiri == Na 1986, Reid malitere ịga Northern School of Contemporary Dance ebe ọ gụrụ [[ballet]], nke dị ugbu a, choreography, na imepụta ọkụ. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Artists & Trainers – David Glass Ensemble|url=https://davidglassensemble.co.uk/about-us/associates/|accessdate=2021-08-14|language=en-US|archivedate=2021-07-27|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210727180350/https://davidglassensemble.co.uk/about-us/associates/}}</ref> Na 1990, mgbe ahụmịhe ihe nkiri mbụ ya na mmepụta Alan Lyddiard nke ''Tempest'' for the Edinburgh Festival, <ref>{{Cite web|title=Benji Reid: The Art of Reinvention {{!}} Total Theatre Magazine Print Archive|url=http://totaltheatre.org.uk/archive/recollections/benji-reid-art-reinvention|accessdate=2021-08-14|work=totaltheatre.org.uk}}</ref> Reid gbara akwụkwọ maka Soul II Soul na ụlọ oriri na nkwari abalị nke Fridge na Brixton, London, ghọrọ onye isi ịgba egwu na onye na-arụkọ ọrụ choreographer maka ụfọdụ n'ime ha. ọnụọgụgụ ha, <ref>{{Cite web|date=2003-03-28|title=Benji Reid|url=https://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/art-and-design/benji-reid-20030328-gdgi49.html|accessdate=2021-08-14|work=The Sydney Morning Herald|language=en}}</ref> wee gaa njem nlegharị anya ụwa dịka akụkụ nke mkpokọta mgbe ahapụchara album ha na-enweta ọtụtụ ihe nrite ''Club Classics Vol.'' ''Otu'' . <ref>{{Cite book|author=Davis|first=Geoffrey V.|title=Staging New Britain: Aspects of Black and South Asian Theatre Practice|url=https://archive.org/details/stagingnewbritai0000unse|publisher=P.I.E.-Peter Lang|year=2006|pages=[https://archive.org/details/stagingnewbritai0000unse/page/175 175]}}</ref> Mgbe ọzụzụ ya dị ka onye ịgba egwu na ahụmahụ ya na Soul II Soul, Reid zụrụ David Glass maka otu <ref>{{Cite web|title=Artists & Trainers – David Glass Ensemble|url=https://davidglassensemble.co.uk/about-us/associates/|accessdate=2021-07-27|language=en-US|archivedate=2021-07-27|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210727152132/https://davidglassensemble.co.uk/about-us/associates/}}</ref> ma soro ya gaa njem na mba. N'etiti 1992 na 1994, Reid na-arụ ọrụ na onye nduzi Denise Wong <ref>{{Cite book|editor=Boon, Richard|title=Theatre and Empowerment: Community Drama on the World Stage|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=2004|pages=75}}</ref> na Black Mime <ref>{{Cite web|title=Black Mime Theatre Company Records - Archives Hub|url=https://archiveshub.jisc.ac.uk/data/gb71-thm/26|accessdate=2021-07-27|work=archiveshub.jisc.ac.uk}}</ref> ụlọ ihe nkiri na-egosi ''Obi'' na ''EDR'' . Na 1994-1995, ọ na-eduzi Jonzi D's solo of ''Airplane Man'' ; <ref>{{Cite web|title=Aeroplane Man {{!}} BPA|url=https://www.blackplaysarchive.org.uk/explore/productions/aeroplane-man|accessdate=2021-08-14|work=www.blackplaysarchive.org.uk}}</ref> ọzọ na mmekorita ya na Jonzi D, Reid jikọrọ aka mepụta iberibe ''Silence da Bitchin''' <ref>{{Cite web|title=Benji Reid: The Art of Reinvention {{!}} Total Theatre Magazine Print Archive|url=http://totaltheatre.org.uk/archive/recollections/benji-reid-art-reinvention|accessdate=2021-08-13|work=totaltheatre.org.uk}}</ref> na ''Cracked'' (1995) mgbe, na 1996-1997, o dere na kpakpando na ''Jaketị Akwụkwọ'' . <ref>{{Cite web|title=Paper Jackets {{!}} BPA|url=https://www.blackplaysarchive.org.uk/explore/productions/paper-jackets|accessdate=2021-08-14|work=www.blackplaysarchive.org.uk}}</ref> Egwuregwu egwuregwu izizi nke Reid duziri bụ egwu hip-hop ''Avalanche'' maka Nottingham Playhouse (1998). <ref>{{Cite web|title=Avalanche {{!}} BPA|url=https://www.blackplaysarchive.org.uk/explore/productions/avalanche|accessdate=2021-08-14|work=www.blackplaysarchive.org.uk}}</ref> Ihe ngosi a kara akara ntọala nke ụlọ ọrụ Reid Breaking Cycles. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Benji Reid Breaking Cycles|url=https://www.z-arts.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/04/zion.jpg|accessdate=2021-07-27|work=Z-arts|language=en-US}}</ref> N'etiti 1990s, ihe nkiri hip-hop na-etolite n'otu oge na United States na United Kingdom, mana Jonzi D na Reid bụ ihe dị mkpa n'ijikọta mpaghara abụọ ahụ mgbe ha sonyere na Hip-Hop Theater Festival na New York na New York. mmalite 2000s. <ref>{{Cite web|date=June 30, 2001|title=2nd NYC Hip-Hop Theater Festival Comes to an End at P.S. 122, June 30|url=http://www.playbill.com/article/2nd-nyc-hip-hop-theater-festival-comes-to-an-end-at-ps-122-june-30-com-97506|accessdate=2021-07-27|work=Playbill|language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite book|editor=Williams|title=The Cambridge Companion to Hip-Hop|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=2015|pages=293–294}}</ref> Reid bụ onye na-ahụ maka ''ọrịa ahụ'', abalị mbụ nke ihe nkiri hip-hop na Sadler's Wells Theatre, London (2000) na Jim Parris, [https://scannersinc.com/who-is-dj-biznizz/ DJ Bizniss], Robert Hylton, Jonzi D, na Abstract Dance (Mo Ideas na Frank Wilson). <ref>Adewole, Oluwafunmilayo A. (2017). [https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/228191565.pdf British Dance and the African Diasporas, the Discourses of Theatrical Dance and the Art of Choreography: 1985 to 2005] (PhD). De Monfort University Leicester. pp. 186-187.</ref> Na 2003-2004, Jonzi D na-eduzikwa Reid's ''13 Mics'' . <ref>{{Cite web|title=Benji Reid - Arts Award|url=https://www.artsaward.org.uk/site/?id=1108|accessdate=2021-08-14|work=www.artsaward.org.uk}}</ref> Egwuru egwu Reid ''The Holiday'' (2000), na-ahụ maka ahụike uche na igbu onwe ya, bụ nke mba ụwa anabatala ya; <ref>{{Cite web|date=2017-04-26|title=Your Ultimate Guide to B-Side Hip-Hop Festival|url=https://www.birminghamhippodrome.com/ultimate-guide-b-side-hip-hop-festival/|accessdate=2021-08-14|work=Birmingham Hippodrome|language=en-US}}</ref> ọ gara PS122 na New York, <ref>{{Cite web|date=2017-12-27|title=P.S.122 {{!}} Performance Space New York|url=https://performancespacenewyork.org/shows/p-s-122/|accessdate=2021-07-27|language=en-US}}</ref> Sydney Opera House, Linbury Theatre ( Royal Opera House ), Ụlọ ihe nkiri QEH, na Ụlọ ihe nkiri Kọntaktị . Na 2006 Reid tọrọ ntọala Usoro 06, "Ememe ihe nkiri hip hop mbụ nke UK na-eduzi" <ref>{{Cite web|title=BBC - Manchester - Entertainment - Process 06: Hip Hop Theatre|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/manchester/content/articles/2006/08/02/070806_process_festival_feature.shtml|accessdate=2021-08-25|work=www.bbc.co.uk}}</ref> na ohere inyocha ihe nkiri hip-hop dị ka ngwa nkuzi. == Foto na choreo-photolism == Mgbe ụlọ ọrụ ya hapụrụ enweghị ego na 2011, njem Reid n'ime foto malitere. <ref name="totaltheatre.org.uk">{{Cite web|title=Benji Reid: The Art of Reinvention {{!}} Total Theatre Magazine Print Archive|url=http://totaltheatre.org.uk/archive/recollections/benji-reid-art-reinvention|accessdate=2021-08-15|work=totaltheatre.org.uk}}</ref> Ebe ọ bụ nna nwere ụmụ abụọ, o ji igwefoto ọ na-ejibu edepụta ọrụ ihe nkiri wee were ya were dekọọ nwa ya nwanyị nke nta ka ọ na-etolite. <ref name="listennotes.com">{{Cite web|title=Episode 17 // Benji Reid - Neutral Exposure (podcast)|url=https://www.listennotes.com/podcasts/neutral-exposure/episode-17-benji-reid-angxt6z2-qc/|accessdate=2021-08-15|work=Listen Notes|language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=Collection|url=https://www.benjireid.com/new-index|accessdate=2021-08-15|work=Benji Reid.com|language=en-GB|archivedate=2021-08-11|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210811092509/https://www.benjireid.com/new-index}}</ref> Reid ekwuola na "ụfọdụ ndị si na Northern School of Contemporary Dance dị ka ndị na-agba egwú, apụtara m dị ka onye na-ese ihe"; <ref>{{Cite web|title=Benji Reid: The Art of Reinvention {{!}} Total Theatre Magazine Print Archive|url=http://totaltheatre.org.uk/archive/recollections/benji-reid-art-reinvention|accessdate=2021-08-11|work=totaltheatre.org.uk}}</ref> A na-achịkọta usoro nka nka site na okwu choreo-photolism, okwu o chepụtara iji na-ezo aka na nzute foto, ihe nkiri, ihe nkiri, na ịkọ akụkọ n'ọrụ ya. <ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-07-22|title=The Super Powers Of The Choreo-Photolist|url=https://onyinyeubah.com/the-super-powers-of-the-choreo-photolist/|accessdate=2021-08-15|work=Onyinye Ubah|language=en-US|archivedate=2021-08-14|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210814205010/https://onyinyeubah.com/the-super-powers-of-the-choreo-photolist/}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=Benji Reid Laughs At Gravity|url=https://editorial.latitudes.online/blog/posts/benji-reid-laughs-at-gravity/|accessdate=2021-08-15|work=Latitudes Editorial|language=en}}</ref> Ịnabata foto bụ omume nke iguzogide enweghị ego na njedebe nke ndụ ya kwa ụbọchị: "Ise foto ghọrọ ihe omume mgbanwe nye m. Ọ bụ omume nnupụisi na m ka ga-anọgide na-arụ ọrụ n'enwetaghị ego." <ref name="totaltheatre.org.uk" /> Ruo n'oge ahụ, ụlọ ihe nkiri bụ ụzọ isi okwu ya: dị ka onye na-ahụ maka ihe nkiri, ọ na-arụ ọrụ mgbe niile na anụ ahụ na mbara igwe, <ref name="listennotes.com" /> ma ihe ịma aka ya na foto na-ejikọta akụkọ na foto site na iji ya. ihe ndị a na-eme kwa ụbọchị tụgharịrị ghọọ ihe nkwado dị egwu. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Elmer|first=Kailas|date=2021-09-03|title=Laugh At Gravity - Benji Reid|url=https://www.trebuchet-magazine.com/events/laugh-at-gravity-benji-reid/|accessdate=2021-08-15|work=Trebuchet|language=en-GB}}</ref> Ihe ngosi foto mbụ Reid mere bụ ''puku okwu'' na Ụlọ ihe nkiri Kọntaktị na Manchester na Ọktoba 2016. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Benji Reid: A Thousand Words|url=https://designmcr.com/events/benji-reid-a-thousand-words|accessdate=2021-08-11|work=Design Manchester|archive-date=2021-08-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210811094945/https://designmcr.com/events/benji-reid-a-thousand-words|url-status=dead}}</ref> Site na ndetu ịhụnanya nye nwa ya nwanyị ka ọ na-enyocha ahụike nke uche site na eserese na-apụtachaghị ìhè na eserese onwe ya, <ref>{{Cite web|author=Barlow|first=Nigel|title=Wellcome Photography Prize 2020 winners announced including Manchester-based Benji Reid|url=https://aboutmanchester.co.uk/wellcome-photography-prize-2020-winners-announced-including-manchester-based-benji-reid/|accessdate=2021-08-15}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=T14 - Surreal Weightlessness with Benji Reid - Trebuchet|url=https://www.spreaker.com/user/trebuchet/trebuchet-14-benjireid|accessdate=2021-08-16|work=Spreaker|language=en}}</ref> foto maka Reid na-anọchitekwa anya ohere ịme ememe ịhụnanya na adịghị ike na-ama aka mgba stereotypes nke Black nwoke. <ref name="Workshops and Masterclasses">{{Cite web|title=Workshops and Masterclasses|url=https://www.benjireid.com/workshops-and-masterclasses|accessdate=2021-08-15|work=Benji Reid.com|language=en-GB|archivedate=2021-08-15|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210815010052/https://www.benjireid.com/workshops-and-masterclasses}}</ref> Isiokwu ndị ọzọ dị mkpa na mmepụta ya bụ nna ojii, ndụ dị ka onye mbịarambịa, na ahụike uche. <ref name=":0"/> Reid na-ezo aka n'ọrụ okike ya dị ka "ememe akụkụ, foto akụkụ, na ekpere akụkụ." <ref name="Workshops and Masterclasses" /> 2023 akara nlọghachi Reid na ihe nkiri na ọrụ na-ejikọta omume foto ya na ọrụ ya gara aga na nka. ''Chọta Anya Gị'' ( Manchester Academy, 12-16 Julaị 2023), ntụgharị uche na usoro okike, bụ mmemme ogbo dị ndụ gụnyere "egwu egwu, ihe nkiri na foto." N'ihe ngosi ahụ, Reid na-ewepụta oge nzuzo nke okike nke foto ya ma kesaa ihe ncheta ndụ ya na ndị na-ege ntị na-ebi ndụ: <ref>{{Cite web|title=Benji Reid: Find Your Eyes|url=https://factoryinternational.org/whats-on/benji-reid-find-your-eyes/|accessdate=2023-04-13|work=MIF t/a Factory International|language=en}}</ref> "N'ime akụkọ ahụ bụ akụkụ nke ndụ Reid. Ọ na-akpọ ihe ọ na-eme ' foto esemokwu', ọ bụghị ihe oyiyi nke ebe agha, kama mbibi nke agha kwa ụbọchị, karịsịa nke onye isi ojii na UK Ọ na-ekpughe esemokwu nke ndụ ya, na-enwe mmetụta nke obi nkoropụ: ịṅụ ọgwụ ọjọọ, ịda mbà n'obi, ịkpa ókè agbụrụ, mmekọrịta ọha na eze. usoro nlekọta ma ọ na-egosikwa anyị imepụta ihe, echiche efu, imekọ ihe ọnụ na echiche na-agbapụ. " <ref>{{Cite news|author=Winship|first=Lyndsey|date=2023-07-16|title=Benji Reid: Find Your Eyes review – powerful, wondrous ways of seeing|language=en-GB|work=The Guardian|url=https://www.theguardian.com/stage/2023/jul/16/benji-reid-find-your-eyes-review-manchester-academy-five-stars|accessdate=2023-09-02}}</ref> ''Chọta anya gị'' nọkwa na Internationaal Theatre Amsterdam site na 1 ruo 3 October 2023 <ref>{{Cite web|title=Find Your Eyes|url=https://ita.nl/en/shows/find-your-eyes/3327838/|accessdate=2023-09-02|work=Internationaal Theater Amsterdam|language=en}}</ref> ga-anọkwa na mbipụta 60th nke Venice Biennale na Summer 2024. <ref>{{Cite web|date=2024-03-26|title=Biennale Danza 2024 {{!}} Biennale Danza 2024: We Humans|url=https://www.labiennale.org/en/news/biennale-danza-2024-we-humans|accessdate=2024-04-16|work=La Biennale di Venezia|language=en}}</ref> == Ihe ngosi == === Ihe ngosi solo ahọpụtara === 2021: ''Benji Reid: Ọchị na ike ndọda'', October Gallery, London, England <ref>{{Cite web|title=OCTOBER GALLERY: BENJI REID: Laugh at Gravity|url=https://octobergallery.co.uk/exhibitions/benji-reid-laugh-at-gravity|accessdate=2021-08-14|work=octobergallery.co.uk}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|author=Stone|first=Mee-Lai|date=2021-09-08|title=Drag queens to cloud surfers: highlights from Photo London 2021 – in pictures|language=en-GB|work=The Guardian|url=https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/gallery/2021/sep/08/drag-queens-to-cloud-surfers-highlights-from-photo-london-2021-in-pictures|accessdate=2021-09-09}}</ref> === Ihe ngosi otu ahọpụtara === 2022: ''N'ìhè: Ọrụ foto nke James Barnor, Benji Reid, Alexis Peskine na Zana Masombuka,'' October Gallery, London, England <ref>{{Cite web|title=OCTOBER GALLERY: IN THE LIGHT: Photographic works by James Barnor, Benji Reid, Alexis Peskine and Zana Masombuka|url=https://octobergallery.co.uk/exhibitions/in-the-light|accessdate=2022-08-20|work=octobergallery.co.uk}}</ref> 2022: ''Ihe ngosi dị obi umeala,'' Whitworth Art Gallery, Manchester, England <ref>{{Cite web|title=A Modest Show at The Whitworth South Gallery|url=https://www.amodestshow.com/programme/a-modest-show-at-the-whitworth-south-gallery|accessdate=2022-07-12|work=A Modest Show|language=en}}</ref> 2021: ''Shadow to Substance'', Harn Museum of Art, Mahadum Florida, Florida, USA <ref>{{Cite web|title=Coffee with the Curators: A Work of Heart {{!}} Harn Museum of Art|url=https://harn.ufl.edu/aworkofheart|accessdate=2021-08-14|work=harn.ufl.edu}}</ref> 2021: ''Foto London'', ya na October Gallery, London, England <ref>{{Cite web|title=October Gallery - Photo London|url=https://photolondon.org/exhibitors/2021-2/october-gallery/|accessdate=2021-08-14|work=photolondon.org}}</ref> 2021: ''1-54 Contemporary African Art Fair'', New York, (online) na October Gallery, London, England <ref>{{Cite web|title=1-54 Contemporary African Art Fair|url=https://www.1-54.com/new-york/artists/reid-benji/|accessdate=2021-08-14|archivedate=2021-07-31|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210731154323/https://www.1-54.com/new-york/artists/reid-benji/}}</ref> == Ndepụta ihe nrite == === Agba egwu === 1988: Ebe mbụ – Onye mmeri d'Europe Electric Boogie IDO (Macon, France) <ref name="Benji Reid">{{Cite web|title=Benji Reid|url=https://royalcourttheatre.com/cast/benji-reid/|accessdate=2021-08-14|work=Royal Court|language=en-US|archivedate=2021-08-14|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210814201928/https://royalcourttheatre.com/cast/benji-reid/}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">. ''Royal Court''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 August</span> 2021</span>.</cite></ref> 1986: Ebe nke abụọ - Campionato del Mondo Electric Boogie IDO (Montecatini, Italy) <ref>{{Cite web|title=IDO - International Dance Organization|url=https://www.ido-dance.com/ceis/webHomeIdo.do|accessdate=2021-07-30|work=www.ido-dance.com}}</ref> 1986: Ebe nke atọ – World Dance Festival Electric Boogie IDO (Italy) <ref name="Benji Reid"/> 1986: Onye mmeri n'ahụ na UK (Manchester, England) <ref name="Benji Reid"/> === Ụlọ ihe nkiri === 2005: NESTA Dreamtime Fellowship <ref>{{Cite web|title=Black Theatre Live|url=https://www.blacktheatrelive.co.uk/tours/my-father-other-superheroes/cast-creatives|work=www.blacktheatrelive.co.uk|accessdate=14 August 2021|archivedate=14 August 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210814170613/https://www.blacktheatrelive.co.uk/tours/my-father-other-superheroes/cast-creatives}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=New Artistic Appointments at the Royal Exchange Theatre {{!}} News {{!}} Royal Exchange Theatre|url=https://www.royalexchange.co.uk/new-artistic-appointments-at-the-royal-exchange|accessdate=2021-08-14|work=www.royalexchange.co.uk}}</ref> 2005: Onye ikpeazụ - ART05 Mmezu pụtara ìhè na nka na North West (Liverpool) <ref name="Royal Exchange">{{Cite web|title=New Artistic Appointments at the Royal Exchange Theatre {{!}} News {{!}} Royal Exchange Theatre|url=https://www.royalexchange.co.uk/new-artistic-appointments-at-the-royal-exchange|work=[[Royal Exchange, Manchester#Theatres|Royal Exchange, Manchester]]|accessdate=14 August 2021|date=8 August 2014}}</ref> === Foto === 2020: Otu onye mmeri nke ahụike uche - Wellcome Trust Photography Prize <ref name="Wellcome Trust"/> <ref name="Faz">{{Cite news|author=Kastilan|first=Sonja|title=Wellcome Photography Prize: Unsichtbares Leid in starken Bildern|url=https://www.faz.net/aktuell/wissen/leben-gene/wellcome-photography-prize-16903138.html|accessdate=14 August 2021|work=[[Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung]]|date=18 August 2020|language=de}}</ref> == Ntụaka == <references /> {{DEFAULTSORT:Benji,Reid}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 40rfydz51bezspaeklya3nf6bxvog8k 0 46977 727518 706708 2026-09-24T05:25:58Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727518 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}  '''Carrie Mae Weems''' (amụrụ Eprel 20, 1953) bụ onye omenkà America na-arụ ọrụ na ederede, akwa, ọdịyo, onyonyo dijitalụ na vidiyo nrụnye, a makwaara ya nke ọma maka foto ya. <ref name="Weems">{{Cite web|author=Weems|first=Carrie Mae|title=Biography|url=http://carriemaeweems.net/bio.html|publisher=carriemaeweems.ne|accessdate=November 16, 2013|archivedate=September 29, 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130929020241/http://carriemaeweems.net/bio.html}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite book|author=Rosenblum|first=Naomi|title=A History of Women Photographers|url=https://archive.org/details/historyofwomenph0000rose|date=1994|publisher=Abbeville Press|location=New York|isbn=978-1-55859-761-7}}</ref> O nwetara aha ya site na mmalite foto foto 1990s ''The Kitchen Table Series'' . Foto ya, ihe nkiri na vidiyo ya na-elekwasị anya n'okwu siri ike na-eche ndị America America ihu taa, gụnyere ịkpa ókè agbụrụ, mmekọahụ, ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na njirimara onwe onye. O kwuru otu oge, "Ka m kwuo na ihe kacha echegbu m na nka, dị ka ọ dị na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, bụ maka ọnọdụ na ọnọdụ ndị Afro-America na mba ahụ." <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.rebekahfilms.org/cm.html|title=Carrie Mae Weems|work=Conjure Women|publisher=rebekahfilms.org|accessdate=September 25, 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071006093736/http://rebekahfilms.org/cm.html|archivedate=October 6, 2007}}</ref> N'oge na-adịbeghị anya, Otú ọ dị, o kwupụtara echiche ahụ na "ahụmahụ ojii abụghị n'ezie isi ihe; kama, mgbagwoju anya, akụkụ, ahụmahụ mmadụ na nsonye mmadụ ... bụ isi ihe." <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://nashvillearts.com/2012/08/31/seeing-the-unseen-carrie-mae-weems/|first=Daniel|author=Tidwell|title=Seeing The Unseen Carrie Mae Weems|work=Nashville Arts Magazine|publisher=nashvillearts.com|accessdate=November 12, 2013|date=August 31, 2012|archivedate=April 2, 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402090337/http://nashvillearts.com/2012/08/31/seeing-the-unseen-carrie-mae-weems/}}</ref> Ọ na-aga n'ihu na-emepụta nkà na-enye nkọwa mmekọrịta mmadụ na ahụmahụ nke ndị na-acha agba, karịsịa ụmụ nwanyị ojii, na America. <ref name="Weems"/> Aghọtala nkà ya site na Mahadum Harvard na Wellesley College, ya na mkpakọrịta, onye na-ese ihe na ebe obibi prọfesọ. Ọ kuziri foto na kọleji Hampshire na ngwụcha afọ 1980 wee gbaa usoro "Kitchen Table" n'ụlọ ya na Western Massachusetts. Weems bụ otu n'ime ndị ọrụ nka isii mere nhọrọ maka ''ikike nka: isii na-ewere mkpokọta Guggenheim'', na Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum na 2019/20. <ref>{{Cite web|date=June 19, 2018|title=Artistic License: Six Takes on the Guggenheim Collection|url=https://www.guggenheim.org/exhibition/artistic-license-six-takes-on-the-guggenheim-collection|accessdate=December 6, 2019|work=Guggenheim|language=en-US}}</ref> Ọ bụ onye na-ese ihe n'ụlọ na Mahadum Syracuse . <ref>{{Cite news|author=Morrow|first=Kevin|title=Syracuse University Artist in Residence Carrie Mae Weems Launches Project Addressing the Impact of COVID-19 on Black, Latino and Native Communities|url=https://news.syr.edu/blog/2020/05/26/syracuse-university-artist-in-residence-carrie-mae-weems-launches-project-addressing-the-impact-of-covid-19-on-black-latino-and-native-communities/|accessdate=May 26, 2020|work=SU News|publisher=Syracuse University News|date=May 26, 2020}}</ref> == Akụkọ ndụ == === Ndụ mmalite na agụmakwụkwọ (1953-1980) === A mụrụ Weems na Portland, Oregon na 1953, nke abụọ n'ime ụmụaka asaa nye Carrie Polk na Myrlie Weems. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Design|first=Designed and developed by Lisa Goodlin|title=Carrie Mae Weems|url=http://carriemaeweems.net/index.html|accessdate=March 16, 2017|work=carriemaeweems.net|archivedate=March 1, 2010|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100301164444/http://carriemaeweems.net/index.html}}</ref> Ọ malitere isonye na ịgba egwu na ihe nkiri okporo ámá na 1965. <ref name="Weems"/> Mgbe ọ dị afọ 16, ọ mụrụ nanị otu nwa ya, otu nwa nwanyị aha ya bụ Faith C. Weems. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Carrie Mae Weems|url=http://carriemaeweems.net/index.html|accessdate=November 1, 2013|archivedate=March 1, 2010|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100301164444/http://carriemaeweems.net/index.html}}</ref> Mgbe afọ ahụ gasịrị (1970), ọ kwapụrụ n'ụlọ nne na nna ya ma kwaga San Francisco n'oge na-adịghị anya <ref name="Dance, Bodies, and Aging">{{Cite web|title=Dance, Bodies, and Aging|url=https://art21.org/read/carrie-mae-weems-dance-bodies-and-aging/|accessdate=August 11, 2020|work=Art21|language=en}}</ref> ka ya na Anna Halprin mụọ ịgba egwu ọgbara ọhụrụ na ụlọ ọrụ Halprin malitere na ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ na-agba egwú, yana ndị na-ese ihe nkiri John Cage na. Robert Morris . <ref>{{Cite web|title=EPISODE: "Compassion" &#124; Art21|url=https://www.pbs.org/art21/watch-now/episode-compassion|accessdate=September 25, 2013|publisher=PBS|archivedate=September 29, 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130929005050/http://www.pbs.org/art21/watch-now/episode-compassion}}</ref> Weems chetara, "M malitere ịgba egwu na Anna Halprin ama ama na-enweghị atụ. Anọ m na ụlọ ọrụ Anna maka m chere, ma eleghị anya otu afọ ma ọ bụ abụọ ... na-anwale akụkụ miri emi nke egwu na echiche banyere ịgba egwu. Anna nwere mmasị n'ezie na echiche banyere udo. na iji ịgba egwu dị ka ụzọ ijijikọta omenala dị iche iche ọnụ dị ka ụgbọ maka okwu omenala dị iche iche ... Enweghị m mmasị n'ịgba egwu, naanị m maara otú e si agba egwu nke ọma, enwere m mmetụta miri emi ahu m site na nwata." <ref name="Dance, Bodies, and Aging" /> Afọ iri atọ ka e mesịrị na 2008, Weems gbagharịrị azụ ịgba egwú na ọrụ ya ''[https://outofmany.nationalacademy.org/artworks/33-constructing-history-a-requiem-to-mark-the-moment-2008 Ịmepụta History: A Requiem to Mark the Moment] ,'' na Savannah College of Art and Design in Atlanta, na-ekwupụta "Ana m amalite ọrụ a nke ilele anya. blues na flamenco, na echiche banyere ịgba egwu na ije." <ref name="Dance, Bodies, and Aging" /> She decided to continue her arts schooling and attended the California Institute of the Arts, in the Los Angeles metro, graduating at the age of 28 with a BFA degree. She received her MFA from the University of California, San Diego.<ref>{{Cite book|author=Willis-Thomas|first=Deborah|title=An Illustrated Bio-Bibliography of Black Photographers, 1940–1988|url=https://archive.org/details/illustratedbiobi0000will|date=1989|publisher=Garland Publishing|isbn=978-0-8240-8389-2|location=New York}}</ref> Weems also participated in the folklore graduate program at the University of California, Berkeley.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Carrie Mae Weems|url=http://www.artnet.com/Artists/ArtistHomePage.aspx?artist_id=17631&page_tab=Bio_and_links|accessdate=September 25, 2013|publisher=artnet.com}}</ref> Mgbe ọ dị afọ iri abụọ na ụma, Weems nọ na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na mmegharị ọrụ dịka onye nhazi otu . <ref name="Weems"/> Igwefoto mbụ ya, nke ọ natara dị ka onyinye ụbọchị ọmụmụ, <ref name="nytimes">{{Cite news|author=Sheets|first=Hilarie M.|title=Photographer and Subject Are One|work=New York Times|date=September 12, 2012|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2012/09/16/arts/design/carrie-mae-weems-photographer-and-subject.html?pagewanted=all&_r=0|accessdate=April 4, 2013}}</ref> ejiri ya rụọ ọrụ a tupu eji ya eme ihe nka. A kpaliri ya ịchụso foto mgbe ọ gafesịrị ''Black Photographers Annual'', akwụkwọ nke ihe oyiyi nke ndị na-ese foto Africa-American gụnyere Shawn Walker, Beuford Smith, [[Anthony Barboza]], Ming Smith, Adger Cowans na [[Roy DeCarava]] . Nke a mere ka ọ gaa New York City na Ụlọ ihe nkiri Studio dị na Harlem, ebe ọ malitere izute ndị ọzọ na-ese ihe na ndị na-ese foto dị ka [[Coreen Simpson]] na Frank Stewart, ha wee malite ịmepụta obodo. Na 1976, Weems weere klas ịse foto na Museum nke [[Dawoud Bey]] kuziri wee nweta ego dịka onye enyemaka Anthony Barboza. <ref>{{Cite news|author=O'Grady|first=Megan|date=October 15, 2018|title="How Carrie Mae Weems Rewrote the Rules of Image-Making."|page=5|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/10/15/t-magazine/carrie-mae-weems-interview.html}}</ref> Ọ laghachiri na San Francisco, mana bi-coastally na [[Janet Henry]] kpọrọ ya ka ọ kụziri na Studio Museum <ref>Bey, Dawoud; Weems, Carrie Mae (2009). "Carrie Mae Weems". ''BOMB''(108): 60–67.</ref> na obodo nke foto na New York. <ref name="Bey">Bey, Dawoud, [https://web.archive.org/web/20110814053526/http://bombsite.com/issues/108/articles/3307 "Carrie Mae Weems"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110814053526/http://bombsite.com/issues/108/articles/3307 |date=August 14, 2011 }}, ''[[Bomb (magazine)|Bomb]]'', Summer 2009. Retrieved August 1, 2011.</ref> === 1980-2000 === Na 1983, Weems dechara nchịkọta foto mbụ ya, ederede na okwu ọnụ, nke a na-akpọ ''Foto Ezinụlọ na Akụkọ'' . <ref>{{Cite web|title=Family Pictures and Stories, 1981–1982|url=http://carriemaeweems.net/galleries/family-pictures.html|accessdate=March 7, 2015|work=carriemaeweems.net|archivedate=February 26, 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150226011008/http://carriemaeweems.net/galleries/family-pictures.html}}</ref> Ihe oyiyi ndị a kọrọ akụkọ banyere ezinụlọ ya, o kwuwokwa na n'ime ọrụ a, ọ na-agbalị ịchọpụta mmegharị nke ezinụlọ ndị ojii si na ndịda na n'ebe ugwu, na-eji ezinụlọ ya dị ka ihe nlereanya maka nnukwu isiokwu. Usoro ya na-esote, nke a na-akpọ ''Ain't Jokin ''', emechara na 1988. Ọ lekwasịrị anya na njakịrị agbụrụ na ịkpa ókè agbụrụ n'ime . Usoro ọzọ a na-akpọ ''American Icons'', dechara na 1989, lekwasịrị anya na ịkpa ókè agbụrụ. Weems ekwuola na n'ime 1980s ọ nọ na-atụgharị na ụdị foto foto, kama "ịmepụta ihe ngosi ndị dị ka akwụkwọ mana emebere ya n'ezie" yana "tinye ederede, na-eji ihe oyiyi otutu, diptychs na triptychs, na ịmepụta akụkọ. " <ref name="Bey" /> Mmekọahụ bụ isi ihe na-esote ya. Ọ bụ isiokwu nke otu n'ime mkpokọta ya ama ama nke akpọrọ ''The Kitchen Table'' series nke emechara ihe karịrị afọ abụọ (1989 ruo 1990), ma mee Weems dị ka onye bụ isi na foto. <ref name="nytimes"/> <ref>{{Cite book|author=Kisch|first=Andrea|title=Carrie Mae Weems|url=https://archive.org/details/carriemaeweems0000kirs|date=1994|publisher=National Museum of Women in the Arts|isbn=978-0-940979-21-5|location=Washington D.C.|pages=[https://archive.org/details/carriemaeweems0000kirs/page/14 14]–15}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite book|author=Rothfuss|first=Joan|title=Bits & Pieces Put Together to Present a Semblance of a Whole: Walker Art Center Collections|url=https://archive.org/details/bitspiecesputtog0000walk|date=2005|publisher=Walker Art Center|isbn=978-0-935640-78-6|location=Minneapolis}}</ref> Banyere ''tebụl kichin'' na ''foto ezinụlọ na akụkọ,'' Weems kwuru, sị: "M na-eji ihe oyiyi nke m wuru dị ka ụgbọala maka ịjụ echiche banyere ọrụ ọdịnala, ọdịdị nke ezinụlọ, otu nwanyị, otu nwanyị, mmekọrịta dị n'etiti nwoke na nwanyị, n'etiti ụmụ nwanyị na ụmụ nwanyị. ụmụ ha, na n'etiti ndị inyom na ndị inyom ndị ọzọ-na-emesi nsogbu ndị siri ike na mkpebi ndị nwere ike ime." <ref name="Bey" /> O kwupụtala ekweghị ekwe na nchegbu banyere mwepu nke ihe oyiyi nke obodo ojii, karịsịa ụmụ nwanyị ojii, na mgbasa ozi a ma ama, na o bu n'obi ịnọchite anya isiokwu ndị a na-ewepụ ma kwuo ahụmahụ ha site na ọrụ ya. Foto ndị a kere ohere maka ndị na-ese ihe nkiri ojii ndị ọzọ iji mepụta nka ọzọ. Weems atụgharịkwara uche na isiokwu na mkpali nke ọrụ ya n'ozuzu ya, na-ekwu, == Mbipụta == * ''Carrie Mae Weems: The Museum of Modern Art (NY)'', <ref>{{Cite book|title=Carrie Mae Weems.|author=Weems|first=Carrie Mae|date=1995|publisher=Museum of Modern Art|location=New York|language=en|oclc=501437361}}</ref> 1995. * ''Carrie Mae Weems : Onye kere ihe onyonyo'', <ref>{{Cite book|title=Carrie Mae Weems: image maker|author=Weems|first=Carrie Mae|date=1995|publisher=Contemporary Arts Center|location=Cincinnati, OH|language=en|oclc=46328668}}</ref> 1995. * ''Carrie Mae Weems : Ọrụ na nso nso a'', 1992–1998, <ref>{{Cite book|title=Carrie Mae Weems: recent work, 1992–1998|author=Weems|first=Carrie Mae|date=1998|publisher=George Braziller; in association with Everson Museum of Art|isbn=978-0-8076-1444-0|location=New York; Syracuse, N.Y.|language=en|oclc=40043580}}</ref> 1998. * ''Carrie Mae Weems: Na oru ngo Louisiana'', <ref>{{Cite book|title=Carrie Mae Weems: the Louisiana Project|author=Weems|first=Carrie Mae|date=2004|publisher=Newcomb Art Gallery|isbn=978-0-9668595-5-3|location=New Orleans|language=en|oclc=58961580}}</ref> 2004. * ''Carrie Mae Weems: Ịme akụkọ ihe mere eme'', <ref>{{Cite book|title=Carrie Mae Weems: constructing history a requiem to mark the moment|author=Weems|first=Carrie Mae|date=2008|publisher=Savannah College of Art and Design|isbn=978-0-9797440-8-2|location=Savannah|language=en|oclc=959176508}}</ref> 2008. * ''Carrie Mae Weems : Ọmụmụ mmekọrịta ọha'', <ref>{{Cite book|title=Carrie Mae Weems: social studies.|url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9788499590264|author=Weems|first=Carrie Mae|date=2010|publisher=Centro Andaluz de Arte Contemporáneo|isbn=978-84-9959-026-4|location=Sevilla|language=en|oclc=688018319}}</ref> 2010. * ''Carrie Mae Weems: Afọ iri atọ nke foto na vidiyo'', <ref>{{Cite book|title=Carrie Mae Weems three decades of photography and video: [Traveling exhibition, United States, Sept. 2012 – May 2014|author=Weems|first=Carrie Mae|date=2012|publisher=Frist Center for the Visual Arts; in association with Yale University Press|isbn=978-0-300-17689-6|location=Nashville, TN; New Haven|language=en|oclc=835295353}}</ref> 2012. * ''Carrie Mae Weems'', Yale University Press, 2012. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Carrie Mae Weems {{!}} Yale University Press|url=http://yalebooks.com/book/9780300176896/carrie-mae-weems|accessdate=March 16, 2017|work=yalebooks.com}}</ref> Isi nyocha mbụ nke ọrụ Weems ma gụnye nchịkọta edemede sitere n'aka ndị ọkà mmụta na mgbakwunye na ihe karịrị 200 nke ọrụ Weems. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Carrie Mae Weems – Delmez, Kathryn E.; Gates, Jr., Henry Louis; Sirmans, Franklin; Storr, Robert; Willis, Deborah – Yale University Press|url=http://yalepress.yale.edu/yupbooks/book.asp?isbn=9780300176896|accessdate=November 18, 2015|work=yalepress.yale.edu}}</ref> * ''Carrie Mae Weems: Usoro tebụl kichin'', <ref>{{Cite book|title=Carrie Mae Weems – Kitchen table series|author=Weems|first=Carrie Mae|date=2016|publisher=Damiani|isbn=978-88-6208-462-8|location=Bologna|language=en|oclc=951107988}}</ref> 2016. == Ihe ngosi == Nleghachi azụ nke mbụ nke ọrụ ya meghere na Septemba 2012 na Frist Center for Visual Arts na Nashville, Tennessee, <ref name="nytimes"/> <ref>{{Cite web|title=Carrie Mae Weems|url=http://www.artinamericamagazine.com/reviews/carrie-mae-weems/|accessdate=October 7, 2015|work=Art in America|date=November 27, 2012}}</ref> dị ka akụkụ nke ihe ngosi nke etiti ''Carrie Mae Weems: Afọ iri atọ nke foto na vidiyo'' . N'ịbụ onye Katie Delmez kwadoro, ihe ngosi ahụ mere ruo January 13, 2013, ma mesịa gaa Portland Art Museum, Cleveland Museum of Art, na [[Ebe Nkà Mmụta Cantor|Cantor Center for Visual Arts]] . Ihe ngosi nlegharị anya nke afọ 30 meghere na Jenụwarị 2014 na Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum na New York City. <ref name="nytimes" /> <ref>{{Cite web|title=Carrie Mae Weems: Three Decades of Photography and Video – Frist Center for the Visual Arts|url=http://fristcenter.org/calendar/detail/carrie-mae-weems-three-decades-of-photography-and-video|accessdate=November 18, 2015|work=fristcenter.org|archivedate=November 19, 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151119073902/http://fristcenter.org/calendar/detail/carrie-mae-weems-three-decades-of-photography-and-video}}</ref> Nke a bụ oge mbụ e nyere "nwanyị Africa-American ngosi ihe ngosi" na Guggenheim. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Brown|first=Jeffrey|date=May 9, 2014|title=Carrie Mae Weems on using photography to peel back the image of power|url=https://www.pbs.org/newshour/show/carrie-mae-weems-using-photography-peel-back-image-power|accessdate=January 9, 2018|work=PBS NewsHour|language=en-US}}</ref> Ọrụ Weems laghachiri na Frist na October 2013 dị ka akụkụ nke etiti ''30 America'' gallery, n'akụkụ ndị na-ese ojii sitere na [[Jean-Michel Basquiat]] ruo [[Kehinde Wiley]] . <ref>{{Cite web|title=30 Americans – Frist Center for the Visual Arts|url=http://fristcenter.org/calendar/detail/30-americans|accessdate=November 18, 2015|work=fristcenter.org|archivedate=November 19, 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151119074239/http://fristcenter.org/calendar/detail/30-americans}}</ref> N'afọ 2021, Weems gosipụtara ''ihe ngosi nke ụdị ihe'' na Park Avenue Armory . <ref>{{Cite news|author=Pogrebin|first=Robin|title=With Armory Show, the World Is Catching Up to Carrie Mae Weems|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/12/01/arts/design/carrie-mae-weems-armory.html|accessdate=December 30, 2021|work=[[The New York Times]]|date=December 1, 2021}}</ref> Her first solo exhibition in Germany, shown in 2022 at the Württembergischer Kunstverein Stuttgart, is titled ''The Evidence of Things Not Seen''. N'afọ 2023, Barbican Center dị na London kwadoro ihe ngosi mbụ nke Weems nke UK, nke akpọrọ ''Reflections for now'' na na-egosipụta foto na nrụnye vidiyo kemgbe ihe karịrị afọ iri atọ. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Carrie Mae Weems {{!}} Barbican|work=barbican.org.uk|date=June 22, 2023|accessdate=July 31, 2023|url=https://www.barbican.org.uk/CarrieMaeWeems}}</ref> Egosiputara ọrụ ya na ihe ngosi otu ''mmụọ na ala'' haziri ma gosipụta ya na mbipụta na-eso ya na Nasher Museum of Art na Mahadum Duke na 2023, nke mechara gaa na Pérez Art Museum Miami na 2024. Carrie Mae Weems gosipụtara maka usoro ọrụ ya na usoro nkuzi nkuzi Scholl, usoro okwu onye nka, nke PAMM gosipụtara, na February nke 2024. <ref>{{Cite book|author=Schoonmaker|first=Trevor|title=Spirit in the land: Exhibition, Nasher Museum of Art at Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, 2023|date=2023|publisher=Nasher Museum of Art at Duke University|isbn=978-0-938989-45-5|location=Durham, North Carolina}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=Spirit in the Land|url=https://nasher.duke.edu/exhibitions/spirit-in-the-land/|accessdate=2024-03-04|work=Nasher Museum of Art at Duke University|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=Spirit in the Land|url=https://www.pamm.org/en/exhibition/spirit-in-the-land/|accessdate=2024-03-04|work=Pérez Art Museum Miami|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=Scholl Lecture Series: Carrie Mae Weems|url=https://www.pamm.org/en/event/scholl-lecture-series-carrie-mae-weems/|accessdate=2024-03-04|work=Pérez Art Museum Miami|language=en-US}}</ref> == Ọrụ ndị a ma ama na mkpokọta ọha ==   [[Usòrò:In_Conversation-_Mickalene_Thomas_and_Carrie_Mae_Weems.webm|thumb| Mickalene Thomas na Weems na curator Eugenie Tsai na-ekwurịta banyere iji ọrụ ha na-agbagha echiche ọdịnala nke ịma mma, agbụrụ, na okike ( Brooklyn Museum, 2013)]] == Ihe nrite == * ''Onye na-ese foto nke afọ'' site na ndị enyi nke foto </link> * 2006: Rome Prize Fellowship <ref>{{Cite web|accessdate=April 4, 2023|title=Rome Prize Ceremony|url=https://www.aarome.org/taxonomy/term/1036|work=American Academy in Rome|archivedate=April 4, 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230404094731/https://www.aarome.org/taxonomy/term/1036}}</ref> * 2007: Amaghị aha bụ ihe nrite nwanyị <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.anonymouswasawoman.org/news/|title=Anonymous Was a Woman Award News|work=www.anonymouswasawoman.org}}</ref> * 2013: Ihe nrite mmeri ndụ nke Congressional Black Caucus Foundation <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.cbcfinc.org/cbcf-to-celebrate-african-american-leaders-in-fine-arts-2/|title=CBCF to Celebrate African-American Leaders in Fine Arts – Congressional Black Caucus Foundation|work=www.cbcfinc.org|date=August 21, 2013}}</ref> * 2013: MacArthur Fellow, onyinye “Genius” <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.macfound.org/fellows/905/|title=MacArthur Foundation|work=www.macfound.org}}</ref> * 2014: BET Anya Anya <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.bet.com/video/bethonors/2014/acceptance-speeches/carrie-mae-weems-visual-arts-award.html|title=BET Honors: Carrie Mae Weems Accepts the Visual Arts Award|work=BET.com|access-date=2024-06-05|archive-date=2019-04-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190427123652/https://www.bet.com/video/bethonors/2014/acceptance-speeches/carrie-mae-weems-visual-arts-award.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> * 2014: Onyinye Lucie <ref name="LUCIES 2021 i259">{{Cite web|title=Carrie Mae Weems|work=LUCIES|date=August 25, 2021|url=https://lucies.org/jury/carrie-mae-weems/|accessdate=November 17, 2023}}</ref> * 2015: Onyinye ICP Spotlights sitere na International Center of Photography. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.icp.org/events/icp-spotlights-carrie-mae-weems|title=ICP Spotlights: Carrie Mae Weems|date=March 18, 2016|accessdate=June 5, 2024|archivedate=February 2, 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170202041350/https://www.icp.org/events/icp-spotlights-carrie-mae-weems}}</ref> * 2015: Ford Foundation Art of Change Fellow <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.fordfoundation.org/the-latest/news/the-art-of-change-meet-our-visiting-fellows/|title=The Art of Change: Meet our visiting fellows|work=Ford Foundation|date=April 7, 2015}}</ref> * 2015: WEB Du Bois Medal sitere na Mahadum Harvard <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://hutchinscenter.fas.harvard.edu/dubois/about/w-e-b-du-bois-medalists|title=W. E. B. Du Bois Medalists|accessdate=January 28, 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170309194903/http://hutchinscenter.fas.harvard.edu/dubois/about/w-e-b-du-bois-medalists|archivedate=March 9, 2017}}</ref> * 2015: Dọkịta nsọpụrụ sitere na Ụlọ Akwụkwọ nke Arts Visual </link> * 2016: Nturu ugo onye nka nke mba, Anderson Ranch Arts Center <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.andersonranch.org/press/anderson-ranch-arts-center-announces-2016-national-artist-award-honoree-carrie-mae-weems-and-service-to-the-arts-award-recipients-eleanore-and-domenico-de-sole/|title=ANDERSON RANCH ARTS CENTER ANNOUNCES 2016 NATIONAL ARTIST HONOREE AWARD, CARRIE MAE WEEMS, AND SERVICE TO THE ARTS AWARD RECIPIENTS, ELEANORE AND DOMENICO DE SOLE|date=February 24, 2016|publisher=Anderson Ranch}}</ref> * 2017: Dọkịta nsọpụrụ nke Fine Arts sitere na Mahadum Syracuse <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://news.syr.edu/2017/04/syracuse-university-to-award-five-honorary-degrees-at-2017-commencement/|title=Syracuse University to Award Five Honorary Degrees at 2017 Commencement|work=SU News|date=April 19, 2017|first=Kathleen|author=Haley|accessdate=April 19, 2017|language=en-US}}</ref> * 2017: Inga Maren Otto Fellowship, The Watermill Center <ref name="watermill">{{Cite web|url=https://www.watermillcenter.org/carrie-mae-weems/|title=Carrie Mae Weems – The Watermill Center|work=www.watermillcenter.org|date=September 28, 2016}}</ref> * 2019: Mmekọrịta nsọpụrụ nke Royal Photographic Society, Bristol <ref>{{Cite web|accessdate=December 17, 2019|title=Royal Photographic Society announces its 2019 award winners|url=https://www.bjp-online.com/2019/09/royal-photographic-society-award-2019/|date=September 9, 2019|work=British Journal of Photography}}</ref> * 2020: Ntinye n'ime Ụlọ Nzukọ Foto International nke Fame na Museum <ref>{{Cite web|title=Carrie Mae Weems|url=https://iphf.org/inductees/carrie_mae_weems/|accessdate=July 28, 2022|work=International Photography Hall of Fame|language=en-US|archivedate=July 28, 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220728100819/https://iphf.org/inductees/carrie_mae_weems/}}</ref> * 2023: Onyinye Hasselblad == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * <span class="portalbox-image">[[File:Nuvola_apps_package_graphics.png|alt=icon|class=noviewer|28x28px]]</span></img> <span class="portalbox-link">[[Portal:Arts|Portal nka]]</span> * Official website * [https://bthumm.de/artists/carrie-mae-weems/ Carrie Mae Weems biography], Galerie Barbara Thumm * Cotter, Holland (February 23, 2014), [https://www.nytimes.com/2014/01/24/arts/design/carrie-mae-weems-charts-the-black-experience-in-photographs.html "Testimony of a Cleareyed Witness"], ''The New York Times''. * Sturtz, Ken (September 25, 2013), [http://www.syracuse.com/news/index.ssf/2013/09/syracuse_photographer_receives_prestigious_macarthur_fellowship.html "Syracuse photographer receives prestigious MacArthur Fellowship"], Syracuse.com * [https://collections.artsmia.org/search/%22Carrie%20Mae%20Weems%22 Carrie Mae Weems in the Minneapolis Institute or Art], Minneapolis, MN * [https://theartsjournal.org/index.php/site/article/view/928/460 Womanism and Black Feminism in the works of Carrie Weems] {{DEFAULTSORT:Weems, Carrie Mae}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 4ormpmwgqa2xj1lcvvupmlh2u9pgqkx 0 47184 727577 706265 2026-09-24T10:07:54Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727577 wikitext text/x-wiki  {{Databox}} '''Daniel R. Day''' (amụrụ Ọgọst 8, 1944), nke a maara dị ka '''Dapper Dan''', bụ onye mmebe ejiji na ndị America si Harlem, New York. Ụlọ ahịa ya, Dapper Dan's Boutique, na-arụ ọrụ site na 1982 ruo 1992 ma na-ejikọta ya na iwebata ejiji dị elu na omenala [[Hip hop music|hip hop]] ; ndị ahịa ya gụnyere Mike Tyson, Eric B. &amp;amp; Rakim, Salt-N-Pepa, LL Cool J, na Jay-Z . Na 2017, ọ malitere usoro [[Uwe|ejiji]] na Gucci, onye ya na ya meghere ụlọ ahịa nke abụọ na atelier, Dapper Dan's of Harlem, na 2018. <ref name="nytimes">{{Cite news|author=Safronova|first=Valeriya|title=Inside Dapper Dan and Gucci's Harlem Atelier|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/03/20/fashion/gucci-dapper-dan-atelier-harlem.html|accessdate=September 30, 2018|work=[[The New York Times]]|date=March 20, 2018|language=en}}</ref> <ref name="gq">{{Cite news|author=Houghton|first=Edwin Stats|title=Dapper Dan Talks His Gucci Partnership, Dressing Harlem's Notorious Gangsters, and Getting Busted by Sonia Sotomayor (Exclusive)|url=https://www.gq.com/story/dapper-dan-gucci-harlem-atelier-exclusive-interview|accessdate=September 30, 2018|work=[[GQ]]|date=March 5, 2018|language=en}}</ref> Dan so na <nowiki><i id="mwHA">Time</i></nowiki> ' s 100 Kasị Mma Ndị mmadụ na 2020. == Ndụ mbido == A mụrụ Dan na Harlem, New York, na 1944, a mụrụ ya n'ụlọ ya na nne nne ya dị ka midwife. O tolitere na 129th na Lexington Avenue ya na ụmụnne nwoke atọ na ụmụnne nwanyị atọ. Nna ya, Robert, bụ onye ọrụ obodo na nne ya, Lily, onye nwe ụlọ. <ref name="nytimes2017" /> Ha niile bi n'otu ọnụ ụlọ atọ. <ref name=":3">{{Cite book |last1=Day |first1=Daniel R. |title=Dapper Dan : made in Harlem : a memoir |url=https://archive.org/details/dapperdanmadeinh0000dani |date=7 July 2020 |publisher=Random House Publishing |isbn=978-0-525-51053-6 |oclc=1246171384 }}{{page needed|date=December 2022}}</ref> Ọ na-echeta ịnyịnya na ụgbọ ịnyịnya ka nọ n'okporo ámá n'oge ọ bụ nwata, n'oge [[World War II|Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ]] gasịrị nke Manhattan . Mgbe ọ dị afọ 13, ọ bụ onye ịgba chaa chaa nwere nkà; ihe ịga nke ọma ya dị ka onye na-agba chaa chaa nyeere ya aka ịkwado ụlọ ahịa mbụ ya. <ref name="interview">{{Cite news|title=Dapper Dan on Gucci, gangsters, and his unstoppable fashion empire|url=https://www.interviewmagazine.com/fashion/dapper-dan-gucci-interview|accessdate=September 30, 2018|work=[[Interview (magazine)|Interview]]|date=May 5, 2018}}</ref> Dapper Dan nwere ike gwụrụ ndụ n'okporo ámá mgbe ọ nụsịrị okwu [[Malcolm X|Malcolm X.]] Malcolm X kwuru, "Ọ bụrụ na ịchọrọ ịghọta ifuru, mụọ mkpụrụ." Nke a kpaliri Dan itinye aka n'ịmụ akwụkwọ na Countee Cullen Library . N'oge na-adịghị anya ọ laghachiri ụlọ akwụkwọ wee banye na mmemme agụmakwụkwọ nke Urban League na Mahadum Columbia na-akwado. <ref name=":0">{{Cite news|author=Cooper|first=Barry Michael|date=2017-06-03|title=The Fashion Outlaw Dapper Dan|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/06/03/fashion/dapper-dan-harlem-gucci.html|accessdate=2022-05-26}}</ref> N'afọ ndị 1960, Dan rụrụ ọrụ maka akwụkwọ akụkọ Harlem nke a na-akpọ ''Forty Acres na Mule,'' dịka ọ chọrọ na mbụ ịghọ onye edemede. <ref name=":0" /> N'oge a, ọ gbanwere ụzọ ndụ wee ghọọ onye anaghị eri anụ. Na 1968 – 74, ọ gara Africa dịka akụkụ nke Mahadum Columbia na mmemme agụmakwụkwọ Urban League . <ref name="nytimes2017" /> == Ọrụ == === Dapper Dan's Boutique === Mgbe Dan laghachiri na New York na 1974, o kpebiri ịbụ onye na-akwa ákwà, ma buru ụzọ ree ihe ndị a tụfuru n'ụlọ ahịa n'ụgbọ ala ya. <ref name="nytimes2017">{{Cite news|author=Cooper|first=Barry Michael|title=The Fashion Outlaw Dapper Dan|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/06/03/fashion/dapper-dan-harlem-gucci.html|accessdate=October 1, 2018|work=The New York Times|date=June 3, 2017|language=en}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFCooper2017">Cooper, Barry Michael (June 3, 2017). [https://www.nytimes.com/2017/06/03/fashion/dapper-dan-harlem-gucci.html "The Fashion Outlaw Dapper Dan"]. ''The New York Times''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20181001070456/https://www.nytimes.com/2017/06/03/fashion/dapper-dan-harlem-gucci.html Archived] from the original on October 1, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 1,</span> 2018</span>.</cite></ref> Dapper Dan's Boutique, nke dị na 125th Street n'etiti Madison na Fifth Avenues, mepere na 1982, na mgbe ụfọdụ na-emeghe awa 24 n'ụbọchị, ụbọchị asaa n'izu. <ref name="interview" /> Dan rutere n'ichepụta ya site na ahụmahụ onwe onye, kpọmkwem site na ọrụ ya gara aga. Ịbụ ọkachamara n'ịgba chaa chaa kụziiri ya na uwe ị na-eyi ga-emetụta otú ndị mmadụ na gị na-emekọ ihe, n'ihi ya, o ji asụsụ a na-adịghị ekwu okwu mee ihe n'ichepụta ya. Ọzụzụ Dan gara aga bụkwa ihe kwadebere ya ka ọ bụrụ onye nduzi okike na onye ọchụnta ego n'otu oge. Ọzọkwa, ọ bụ onye na-ekiri ihe na-abịarute n'ichepụta ya site n'echiche nke uche. Mgbe ya na onye ahịa ọhụrụ na-arụ ọrụ, ọ ga-ajụ onwe ya "Ole ndị ka ha bụ?" na "Gịnị ka ha chọrọ?" Dan bu ụzọ mee atụmatụ ịbụ onye na-ere ákwà, ma n'oge na-adịghị anya, o nwere ajọ mbunobi ka ọ na-agbapụ. Ọ gbalịsiri ike ịzụta akwa na ajị anụ ọ chọrọ, ebe ọtụtụ ụlọ ọrụ jụrụ ịzụ ahịa n'ihi agbụrụ ma ọ bụ ebe ọ nọ. Kama ịzụrụ uwe ọ ga-eji ree, ọ malitere ịkụziri onwe ya ihe niile o nwere ike banyere ụlọ ọrụ ahụ ka o wee nwee ike ịmepụta atụmatụ nke ya site na mmalite. <ref name="dazed">{{Cite news|author=Brumfitt|first=Stuart|title=Dapper Dan: natural born hustler|url=http://www.dazeddigital.com/fashion/article/21390/1/dapper-dan-natural-born-hustler|accessdate=October 1, 2018|work=[[Dazed]]|date=September 25, 2014|language=en}}</ref> Ọ ga-aga n'ọbá akwụkwọ ọha na Midtown ka ọ mụọ ejiji na akara, yabụ ebe ọ nwetara mmụọ nsọ site na ike nke akara ngosi oge. <ref name=":2">{{Cite journal|author=Paulicelli|first=Eugenia|date=2021-10-22|title=''Made in Italy'': Translating Cultures from Gucci to Dapper Dan and Back|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14759756.2021.1963163|journal=Textile|volume=20|issue=2|pages=216–230|doi=10.1080/14759756.2021.1963163|issn=1475-9756|accessdate=2022-05-26}}</ref> Ire ajị anụ nke ya bụ ụzọ Dan isi pụọ n'ụdị ndụ ochie ya, ọ malitekwara imepụta ajị anụ kpọmkwem n'ihi na ha bụ ihe ejiji Harlem . Irving Chaiken, enyi Dapper Dan, kuziri Dan usoro nrụpụta dị iche iche maka ajị anụ, sitere na chinchilla ruo fox . Fred the Furrier ghọrọ onye na-ebubata ajị anụ Dan, nwanne Fred bụ onye mere Dan ka ọ gbasaa n'ahịa akpụkpọ anụ. Ọ chọpụtara na ndị na-emepụta ihe dị ka Louis Vuitton na Gucci na-eji akpụkpọ anụ na-emepụta akpa, obere akpa na akpa, ma ọ chọrọ iji akpụkpọ anụ mee uwe. Nke a bụ ihe kpaliri ya ime ka jaket ya dị egwu maka Diane Dixon . <ref name=":2" /> N'agbanyeghị njikọ ya, Dapper Dan gbalịsiri ike ịchọta ndị na-emepụta ụkpụrụ na ndị na-akwa akwa nke nwere ike mebie atụmatụ ya nke ọma. Dan n'onwe ya enweghị ike ịdụ akwa, ọ naghị ele onwe ya anya dị ka onye na-akwa akwa, n'agbanyeghị otú mgbasa ozi si egosi ya, ma n'ikpeazụ, ọ chọtara otu ìgwè ya na ya na-arụkọ ọrụ nke ọma. Dapper Dan zoro aka na onye nrụpụta ya sitere n'ike mmụọ nsọ chepụta dị ka ịkụ aka, n'ihi na ọ chere na ha dị oke oke nke a na-akpọkwa ịkụ aka. <ref name=":2" /> Dan na-ekwu na ọ dịghị mgbe ọ ga-emebe ihe ọ bụla ụlọ ndị mara mma ga-eche maka ya n'ihi na atụmatụ ya dị oke ọnụ. <ref>{{Cite news|author=Schneier|first=Matthew|date=2017-05-31|title=Did Gucci Copy 'Dapper Dan'? Or Was It 'Homage'?|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/05/31/fashion/gucci-dapper-dan-jacket.html|accessdate=2022-05-26}}</ref> O ji akwa ndị o kpụrụ onwe ya mgbe ọ kụzichara onwe ya ibipụta akwa akwa. <ref name="interview" /> Notably, he invented a new process for screen printing ont leather, ma emesịa chepụta ọla na ime ụgbọ ala maka ụgbọ ala okomoko. <ref name="therake">{{Cite news|author=Brown|first=Benedict|title=Dapper Dan: Harlem's Hip Hop Tailor|url=https://therake.com/stories/icons/dapper-dan-harlems-hip-hop-tailor/|accessdate=September 30, 2018|work=The Rake|date=September 2017}}</ref> Mmeghe nke ụlọ ahịa ya na mmalite 1980s dabara na ntiwapụ nke cocaine na ịrị elu nke [[Hip hop music|egwu hip-hop]], nke abụọ kwalitere ndị ahịa ya. Akara ụghalaahịa Dan bụ nkwuwa okwu iji akara ngosi sitere na ụdị okomoko dị elu dị ka Gucci, Louis Vuitton na Fendi . <ref name="dazed" /> <ref name="therake" />{ Ụlọ ahịa mbụ ya dị ihe dị ka ụlọ ahịa ihe nri, ebe ndị ahịa na-abata n'ime oge mgbe ha gbachara ụlọ oriri na ọṅụṅụ. Dan nwekwara ihe nchebe nke ga-eguzo n'èzí ọnụ ụzọ ámá, ma ha na-eleba anya n'ọnụ ụzọ. Dan na-ehi ụra mgbe niile n'ụlọ ya na-arụ ọrụ nke dị n'azụ ụlọ ahịa. Ọ ga-eme nke a ọ bụghị naanị n'ihi na a na-emeghe boutique mgbe ụfọdụ 24/7, kamakwa n'ihi na ụfọdụ ndị ahịa ga-arịọ maka ntụgharị awa 24 na uwe ha. Otu n'ime ndị ahịa Dan n'ihu kpalitere mmasị ya na logos, mgbe o ji njide Louis vuitton ọhụrụ bata. Ọ hụbeghị otu n'ime mmadụ mbụ na nke a bụ ihe gbanwere egwuregwu ahụ. Ụlọ ahịa mbụ nke Dapper Dan bụ ụlọ akwụkwọ agbụ a na-akpọ Harlem Children's Zone Academy. <ref>{{Cite journal|author=Smith|first=Gareth Dylan|date=September 2018|title=Introduction to the Special Issue: The International Symposium on the Sociology of Music Education, and the MayDay Group Action Ideals|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.22176/act17.3.1|journal=Action, Criticism, and Theory for Music Education|volume=17|issue=3|pages=1–11|doi=10.22176/act17.3.1|issn=1545-4517|accessdate=2022-05-26}}</ref> Ọ bụ ezie na a na-akpọkarị uwe ya dị ka uwe n'okporo ámá, ndị ahịa mbụ nke ụbọchị na 1980 sitere n'ike mmụọ nsọ nke ukwuu site na ejiji ejiji nke akara ngosi Rat Pack dị ka Frank Sinatra na Sammy Davis Jr. Ndị ahịa ya bụ isi bụ "ndị na-agba ọsọ na ndị na-agba n'okporo ámá" <ref name="dazed" /> - gụnyere gụnyere. eze ọgwụ Alpo Martinez —bụ́ ndị ụfọdụ n’ime ha rịọrọ ọbụna ogige ntụrụndụ na okpu ndị na-adịghị egbochi mgbọ . <ref name="therake" /> <ref name="dazed" /> <ref name="complex">{{Cite news|author=Hairston|first=Tahirah|title=Dapper Dan Is Finally Getting His Props|url=https://www.complex.com/style/2018/07/dapper-dan-gucci-interview|accessdate=September 30, 2018|work=[[Complex (magazine)|Complex]]|date=July 27, 2018|language=en}}</ref> Day ventured n'ime hip hop ejiji na 1985, mgbe mbụ o mere LL Cool J, na Day kemgbe ejikọrọ na hip-hop royalty. Eric B. &amp;amp; Rakim bụ ndị yi uwe Dapper Dan na mkpuchi nke ọba egwu ha ''akwụ ụgwọ zuru oke'' (1987) na ''Soro Onye Ndú'' (1988). <ref name="therake" /> O mekwara anya maka The Fat Boys, Salt-N-Pepa, KRS-One, Bobby Brown, Jam Master Jay na Big Daddy Kane, yana egwuregwu egwuregwu dịka ndị ọkpọ Mike Tyson na Floyd Mayweather, na onye na-eme egwuregwu Diane Dixon . <ref name="wsj">{{Cite news|author=Gallagher|first=Jacob|title=Dapper Dan Used to Knock Off Gucci. Now, He's Collaborating With Them|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/dapper-dan-used-to-knock-off-gucci-now-hes-collaborating-with-them-1526310035|accessdate=September 30, 2018|work=[[The Wall Street Journal]]|date=May 14, 2018}}</ref> Iji akara ngosi n'ụzọ iwu na-akwadoghị n'ụbọchị n'ichepụta omenala ya butere mwakpo adịgboroja na ịgba akwụkwọ, na n'ikpeazụ daa ụlọ ahịa mbụ ya. Na 1988, Tyson batara na Mitch Green n'ọgbaghara n'èzí ụlọ ahịa ya, nke tinyere Dapper Dan na mgbasa ozi mgbasa ozi maka oge mbụ. Mgbe e sere Tyson na-eyiri jaket Fendi si na Dapper Dan - nke a na-akpọ "ụlọ ahịa uwe abalị niile nke na-enye ndị na-eme ihe nkiri" na ''The New York Times'' - mmasị na ụlọ ahịa ahụ mechara mee ka o jiri okomoko Europe mee ihe. akara ngosi ejiji na nlebara anya nke ụlọ ọrụ okomoko Europe. <ref>{{Cite news|title=Gucci Enlists Dapper Dan For Its New Campaign|url=https://www.harpersbazaar.com/fashion/models/a12222689/gucci-enlists-dapper-dan-for-its-new-campaign/|accessdate=September 30, 2018|work=[[Harper's Bazaar]]|date=September 11, 2017}}</ref> Na 1992, ka Fendi na mgbe ahụ-U. S. Attorney Sonia Sotomayor, Dapper Dan na-emechi maka ihe ọma. <ref name="wsj" /> Ụwa ejiji bụ isi na-agbara ya ọsọ ruo ọtụtụ iri afọ, n'agbanyeghị na ọ nọgidere na-arụ ọrụ "n'okpuru ala" dị ka onye mmebe. <ref name="nytimes2017"/> <ref name="complex" /> Ọ malitere ịkwanye onye ọkpọ ọkpọ Floyd Mayweather na 1999. <ref name="dazed" /> === Mwelite === Na Septemba 2006 ruo February 2007 Museum of City of New York Fashion, gosipụtara ihe atụ Dapper Dan na ihe ngosi a na-akpọ ''Black Styles Ugbu a'' . <ref name=":2" /> Emegharila ọrụ ụbọchị n'afọ 2010, ma ọ hụla ihe ịga nke ọma kemgbe 2017. <ref name="fast">{{Cite news|title=How Dapper Dan, Harlem's Tailor, Mainstreamed "Ghetto Couture"|url=https://www.fastcompany.com/40533205/how-dapper-dan-harlems-tailor-mainstreamed-ghetto-couture|accessdate=October 1, 2018|work=Fast Company|date=March 1, 2018}}</ref> N'etiti afọ 2017, n'ịsọpụrụ Dapper Dan, onye nduzi ihe okike nke Gucci Alessandro Michele haziri jaket dabere na ihe ngosi Dapper Dan ama ama maka Diane Dixon na 1989. Nke mbụ bụ jaket nwere ajị anụ nwere aka uwe balloon kpuchiri na logo Louis Vuitton, nke Michele jiri akara ngosi G Gucci abụọ dochie ya. Mgbasa ozi mgbasa ozi meghachiri omume mgbe Dixon kesara foto nke jaket Gucci na-esote ya na nke mbụ, na Dixon na-arịọ ka Dapper Dan nweta otuto maka mbụ ya; ọtụtụ ndị kweere na Gucci zuru ohi Dapper Dan imewe, karịsịa n'ihi Gucci na-adịghị ekwu ya na-asọpụrụ ruo mgbe ha dọtara nkatọ. <ref name="nytimes2017"/> <ref>{{Cite news|author=Schneier|first=Matthew|title=Did Gucci Copy 'Dapper Dan'? Or Was It 'Homage'?|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/05/31/fashion/gucci-dapper-dan-jacket.html|accessdate=September 30, 2018|work=The New York Times|date=May 31, 2017|language=en}}</ref> Ọzọkwa, nke a ga-eduga Diane Dixon na-atụ aro a Gucci na Dapper Dan mmekorita. <ref name=":0" /> Michelle na Dapper Dan jiri omenala subcultural mgbe ha na-achọ mkpali maka mkpokọta ha, iji hụ na ihe ịchọ mma pụrụ iche. <ref>{{Cite book|author=F|first=José Blanco|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DZcXEAAAQBAJ&dq=dapper+dan&pg=PA75|title=Fashion, Dress and Post-postmodernism|date=2021-01-28|publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing|isbn=978-1-350-11517-0|language=en|accessdate=2022-06-01}}</ref> == Na omenala ewu ewu == Dapper Dan arụwo ọrụ na ndị na-egwu egwu dị ka Bobby Brown, Eric B. &amp;amp; Rakim, LL Cool J, Big Daddy Kane na Salt-N-Pepa, na-eme ka ọdịiche dị n'etiti omenala hip-hop na ejiji okomoko. <ref>{{Cite journal|author=Smith|first=Sterling|date=2020-05-01|title=The Fusion of Fashion and Rap Music|url=https://scholarworks.uark.edu/ampduht/12|journal=Apparel Merchandising and Product Development Undergraduate Honors Theses|accessdate=2022-05-26}}</ref> Na 2001, Dapper Dan na-ezo aka na Jay-Z lyric na egwu ya "U Don't Know" site na album ya ''The Blueprint'' . <ref name="chicagotribune">{{Cite news|author=Janssen|first=Kim|title=Fashion counterfeiter turned design icon Dapper Dan: Rappers gave me bouncing checks|url=http://www.chicagotribune.com/news/chicagoinc/ct-met-dapper-dan-1018-chicago-inc-20171017-story.html|accessdate=October 1, 2018|work=[[Chicago Tribune]]|date=October 17, 2017}}</ref> Na 2002, a kpọtụrụ ya aha ọtụtụ oge na ihe nkiri mpụ Alpo Martinez ''akwụ ụgwọ zuru oke'' . <ref name="therake" /> Na mgbakwunye na 2019, e zoro aka na ya na uri ''Dapper Dan zutere Petey Shooting Cee-lo'' nke Willie Perdomo dere . Na Septemba 2016, tupu mmalite nke usoro Netflix mbụ ''Luke Cage'', Dapper Dan gosipụtara na akụkụ nke "Street Level Hero" usoro mgbasa ozi mgbasa ozi dijitalụ iji kwurịta ''Luke Cage'', nke edobere na Harlem. <ref>{{Cite news|title=Watch Hip-Hop Legends Talk the 'Luke Cage' Netflix Series|url=https://www.bet.com/celebrities/news/2016/09/27/hip-hop-legends-luke-cage.html|accessdate=October 4, 2018|publisher=BET.com|date=September 28, 2016|archive-date=October 4, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181004144957/https://www.bet.com/celebrities/news/2016/09/27/hip-hop-legends-luke-cage.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> O mechara pụta na akụkụ abụọ nke usoro ahụ, otu n'ime oge mbụ na otu na nke abụọ, na-egwu onwe ya. Na Nọvemba 2017, ọ pụtara na ngalaba na ''Conan'' maka ọnụnọ Conan O'Brien na Apollo Theatre nke o mere ka ndị ọbịa okwu ngosi. <ref>{{Cite news|author=Wright|first=Megh|title=Conan O'Brien Gets a Harlem Swag Makeover by Dapper Dan|url=http://www.vulture.com/2017/11/conan-obrien-gets-a-harlem-swag-makeover-by-dapper-dan.html|accessdate=October 1, 2018|work=[[Vulture (website)|Vulture]]|date=November 7, 2017|language=en}}</ref> Random House bipụtara ihe ncheta ụbọchị na 2019. Foto Sony azụtalarị ikike maka mmegharị ihe nkiri, yana onye na-agụ ọchị Jerrod Carmichael jikọtara ya dị ka onye na-ese ihe na onye na-emepụta ihe. <ref>{{Cite news|author=Galuppo|first=Mia|title=Dapper Dan Biopic in the Works From Sony, Jerrod Carmichael (Exclusive)|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/dapper-dan-biopic-works-sony-jerrod-carmichael-1092914|accessdate=September 30, 2018|work=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]|date=March 7, 2018|language=en}}</ref> Ụbọchị ga-abụ onye na-emepụta ihe nkiri ahụ. <ref>{{Cite news|author=Grant|first=Jasmine|title=A Dapper Dan Biopic Is in Development|url=https://www.complex.com/pop-culture/2018/03/dapper-dan-biopic-in-development|accessdate=October 1, 2018|work=Complex|date=March 7, 2018|language=en}}</ref> Onye na-agụ egwú Spanish, [[Rosalía]], zoro aka na Mazi Dan na egwu, 'Combi Versace ', site na album studio nke atọ ya, MOTOMAMI . Na 2019 Dapper Dan bụ onye ọka ikpe ọbịa na Runway Project maka ịma aka iyi okporo ụzọ; Oge 17 Nkeji 5. [[Nicki Minaj]] zoro Dan n'amaokwu ya na egwu Lil Uzi Vert "Ejiji na-adịghị agwụ agwụ". == Ndụ onwe onye == Ahụmahụ agbụrụ mbụ nke Dapper Dan na-anụ ka ndị mụrụ ya na-ekwu banyere otú usoro nke ọha mmadụ si emetụta ha. <ref name=":0" /> Dan nwere ụmụ asatọ nwere ụmụ nwanyị asaa: William Long, Daniel Day Jr., Danique Day, Aisha Day, Danielle Day, Malik Day, Tiffany White na Jelani Day, bụ onye njikwa ika maka nna ya. <ref name="gq" /> == Hụkwa == * Ejiji hip hop == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}}{{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Dan, Dapper}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] pi6xs33k8ckp7h4q2d7x2ewvbmttv1i 0 47639 727420 720077 2026-09-23T15:13:40Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727420 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Antoine''' / ( / ˈæntwɒn​​​ ˈ f j uː kwə / ; Amụrụ na Mee 30, 1965) <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XbbWdIMnEsE|title='The Equalizer 3' Scene Breakdown with Director Antoine Fuqua}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/celebrity-birthdays-for-the-week-of-may-30june-5-tom-morello-cee-lo-green-antoine-fuqua-idina-menzel-javicia-leslie-b1852866.html|title=Celebrity birthdays for the week of May 30-June 5|work=[[Independent.co.uk]]|date=May 24, 2021}}</ref> bụ onye ntụzi ihe nkiri America ama ama maka ọrụ ya na mmemme na ụdị egwu. A maara ya na mbụ dị ka onye nduzi nke vidiyo egwu, ma mee ihe nkiri mbụ ya na 1998 na ''Ndị Ndochi anya'' . Ọganihu ya dị oke egwu bụ ''ụbọchị ọzụzụ'' mpụ nke afọ 2001, na-emeri ihe nrite Black Reel maka onye isi pụtara ìhè . Ihe nkiri ya sochirinụ gụnyere ''Anya mmiri nke Sun'' (2003), ''King Arthur'' (2004), ''Shooter'' (2007), ''Olympus Has Fallen'' (2013), ''Southpaw'' (2015), ''The Magnificent Seven'' (2016) na <nowiki><i id="mwIw">The Equalizer</i></nowiki> trilogy (2014 – 2023), na-enweta na nke mbụ NAACP Image Award maka nduzi pụtara ìhè na foto ngagharị . Ọ chịkwara akwụkwọ akụkọ ''American Dream/American Knightmare'' (2018), ''Gịnị bụ Aha m: Muhammad Ali'' (2019), na usoro akwụkwọ akụkọ 2022 Hulu ''Legacy: Ezi Akụkọ nke LA Lakers'', nke ọ meriri Emmy Awards. maka usoro akwụkwọ akụkọ pụtara ìhè . <ref>{{Cite web|date=May 22, 2023|title=THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF TELEVISION ARTS & SCIENCES ANNOUNCES THE WINNERS OF THE 44th ANNUAL SPORTS EMMY® AWARDS|url=https://theemmys.tv/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/sports-44th-winners-release.pdf|accessdate=May 23, 2023|work=[[National Academy of Television Arts and Sciences]]}}</ref> == Ndụ mbido == A mụrụ Fuqua na Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania nye ndị nne na nna [[Ndị Afụrịka ǹkè Amerịka|Africa America]] bụ Carlos na Mary Fuqua. Ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Taylor Allderdice High School na 1983. <ref>{{Cite news|author=Owen|first=Rob|title=TV Talk: Pittsburgh native Antoine Fuqua directs Will Smith in 'Emancipation' on Apple TV+|url=https://triblive.com/aande/movies-tv/tv-talk-pittsburgh-native-antoine-fuqua-directs-will-smith-in-emancipation-on-apple-tv/|accessdate=January 18, 2023|work=Pittsburgh Tribune-Review|date=December 8, 2022}}</ref> Tupu atụgharị na ịse ihe nkiri na vidiyo egwu, Fuqua mụtara injinia eletriki, na-enwe olileanya ịga n'ihu na-efe ụgbọ elu na ndị agha. Fuqua na-akwụ ụtụ maka onye na-ese ihe nkiri Shinobu Hashimoto, onye na-arụkọ ọrụ ọnụ na Akira Kurosawa 's ugboro ugboro, na-ekwu na ihe odide ya "metụtara otu nwa nwoke si Pittsburgh bi na ghetto."   Fuqua kọwara otú ahụmahụ ya nke ime ihe ike si kpụzie oge ntorobịa ya, ma keere òkè na nhọrọ ọrụ ya n'ikpeazụ.   == Ọrụ ==   Site na 1998 gaa n'ihu, Fuqua malitere ịrụ ọrụ n'ụzọ bụ isi dịka onye isi ihe nkiri. N'otu akụkọ ụtụ maka magazin ''Time'', Fuqua kwupụtara nkwanye ùgwù mbụ ya maka Kurosawa dị ka onye na-ese ihe nkiri na otú Kurosawa si metụta echiche nke ya na ịme ihe nkiri na-ekwu, sị: "[onye edemede ihuenyo Hashimoto's]&nbsp;... na-arụ ọrụ na Akira Kurosawa na Hideo Oguni, mara mma nke ukwuu na uri na ike na obi mgbawa. Ọ bụ maka ikpe ziri ezi, ọ bụ ihe niile gbasara ịchụ àjà, o mekwara ka m chọọ ịbụ otu n’ime ụmụ okorobịa ahụ.” Ihe nkiri mbụ ya bụ ihe nkiri John Woo mepụtara bụ ''The Replacement Killers'' (1998), nke na-eme Chow Yun Fat na ihe nkiri ''Bait'' (2000) na-eme ihe nkiri Jamie Foxx . O wee duzie ''ụbọchị ọzụzụ'' mpụ thriller (2001), nke kpakpando Denzel Washington nwetara ihe nrite Academy maka onye na-eme ihe nkiri kacha mma . Ihe nkiri ya na-esote bụ ihe nkiri agha Action ''Tears of the Sun'' (2003), ihe nkiri akụkọ akụkọ Arthurian ''King Arthur'' (2004), onye na-agba izu ọjọọ ''Shooter'' (2007), ihe nkiri mpụ ''Brooklyn's Finest'' (2009), na ihe na-akpali akpali ''Olympus Has. dara'' (2013) na ''The Equalizer'' (2014), nke ikpeazụ jikọtara Fuqua ọzọ na Denzel Washington. Na 2011, o duziri CIA usoro Fox pilot ''Exit Strategy'' starring Ethan Hawke . <ref>{{Cite web|date=22 January 2011|title=Antoine Fuqua To Direct Fox Pilot 'Exit Strategy' Starring Ethan Hawke|url=https://www.indiewire.com/2011/01/antoine-fuqua-to-direct-fox-pilot-exit-strategy-starring-ethan-hawke-120732/|work=IndieWire|accessdate=25 July 2021|archivedate=25 July 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210725091323/https://www.indiewire.com/2011/01/antoine-fuqua-to-direct-fox-pilot-exit-strategy-starring-ethan-hawke-120732/}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|author=Nellie Andreeva|date=21 January 2011|title=Fox Picks Up 'Exit Strategy' Pilot Starring Ethan Hawke; Antoine Fuqua To Direct|url=https://deadline.com/2011/01/fox-picks-up-exit-strategy-pilot-starring-ethan-hawke-antoine-fuqua-to-direct-99161/|work=Deadline|accessdate=25 July 2021}}</ref> O mebere miniseries-book miniseries ''After Dark'' na Wesley Snipes, nke Peter Milligan dere ma gosi ya Jeff Nentrup. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.dreadcentral.com/news/38225/cover-artwork-after-dark-comic-issues-0-and-1|title=Cover Artwork for After Dark Comic Issues No. 0 and #1|date=October 7, 2012|publisher=DreadCentral}}</ref> Edebere ya ka ọ duzie ihe nkiri gọọmentị Tupac Shakur mana ebigharịrị ọrụ ahụ iji nye Fuqua duzie ihe nkiri ihe ngosi nke abụọ nke rapper [[Eminem]], ''Southpaw'' (2015). <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.avclub.com/articles/eminems-boxing-movie-may-delay-the-tupac-shakur-bi,57171/|title=Eminem's boxing movie may delay the Tupac Shakur biopic yet again|work=AV Club|date=June 7, 2011|accessdate=October 22, 2011|archive-date=September 12, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110912001813/http://www.avclub.com/articles/eminems-boxing-movie-may-delay-the-tupac-shakur-bi,57171/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Eminem mechara hapụ ''Southpaw'' ka ọ lekwasị anya na egwu ya, <ref>{{Cite news|title=Eminem cancels Southpaw|url=http://www.dashadyspot.com/2011/08/16/eminems-boxing-movie-cancelled/|archive-date=2012-05-13|access-date=2024-06-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120513234813/http://www.dashadyspot.com/2011/08/16/eminems-boxing-movie-cancelled/|url-status=dead}}</ref> ma jiri Jake Gyllenhaal dochie ya. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Toro|first=Gabe|title=Antoine Fuqua Says '24' Movie Is Dead, Still Waiting On The Script For Tupac Shakur Biopic|url=http://blogs.indiewire.com/theplaylist/antoine-fuqua-says-24-movie-is-dead-still-waiting-on-the-script-for-tupac-shakur-biopic-20130311|publisher=Indiewire|date=11 March 2013}}</ref> === Igwe onyonyo === {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" ! rowspan="2" |Afọ ! rowspan="2" | Aha |- ! width="65" | Onye nduzi ! width="65" | Onye isi oche<br /><br /><br /><br /><nowiki></br></nowiki> onye na-emepụta ihe ! scope="col" | Ihe ndetu |- | 2016-2017 | ''Akpụrụ mmiri'' | {{yes}}| {{yes}} | Ihe nkiri "Hyenas" |- | rowspan="2" | 2022 | ''Ndepụta njedebe'' | {{yes}}| {{yes}} | Ihe nkiri "Engram" |- | ''Legacy: Ezi Akụkọ nke LA Lakers'' | {{yes}}| {{yes}} | Ihe ngosi 10 |- |} '''Naanị onye nrụpụta ọrụ''' * ''Onye agbapụ'' (2016–2018) * ''Ụbọchị Ọzụzụ'' (2017) * ''Onye obibi'' (2018-2023) * ''FreeRayshawn'' (2020) * ''Onye isi obodo Kingtown'' (2021- dị ugbu a) * ''Eze Shaka'' <ref>{{Cite web|author=White|first=Peter|date=April 3, 2023|title=''King Shaka'' Event Series Not Going Forward At Showtime, Expected To Be Shopped|url=https://deadline.com/2023/04/king-shaka-canceled-showtime-1235316347/|accessdate=June 7, 2023|work=[[Deadline Hollywood]]|language=en-US}}</ref> === Vidio egwu === {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" !Year !Title !Artist !{{abbr|Ref(s)|Reference(s)}} |- |1990 |"I Like the Girls" |Mr. Lee | style="text-align:center;" | |- | rowspan="4" |1992 |"Love's Taken Over" | rowspan="2" |Chanté Moore | style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://archive.boston.com/ae/movies/gallery/straight_from_video?pg=8|title=Straight from video|work=[[Boston.com]]|accessdate=September 2, 2021}}</ref> |- |"It's Alright" | |- |"All I See" |Christopher Williams | |- |"Saving Forever for You" |Shanice | |- | rowspan="3" |1993 |"Another Sad Love Song" |Toni Braxton | style="text-align:center;" |<ref name="Vibe">{{cite magazine|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=giYEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA108|title=Shot in the Dark|last=Checkoway|first=Laura|author-link=Laura Checkoway|magazine=[[Vibe (magazine)|Vibe]]|page=108|date=March 2007|access-date=September 2, 2021}}</ref> |- |"The Morning After" |Maze featuring Frankie Beverly | |- |"Nobody Does It Betta" |Mint Condition | style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite web|author=Fuqua|first=Antoine|title=Mint Condition - "Nobody Does It Betta"|url=http://www.mvdbase.com/video.php?id=18992|work=music video|publisher=mvdbase.com|accessdate=2014-04-10|archivedate=April 13, 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140413141932/http://www.mvdbase.com/video.php?id=18992}}</ref> |- | rowspan="7" |1994 |"Ain't Nobody" |Jaki Graham | |- |"Somewhere" |Shanice | |- |"I'm in the Mood" |CeCe Peniston | |- |"Deep Down" |Ladae | style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite web|title=Ladae - "Deep Down"|url=http://www.mvdbase.com/video.php?id=16026|work=music video credits|publisher=mvdbase.com|accessdate=April 20, 2013|archivedate=March 3, 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303213301/http://www.mvdbase.com/video.php?id=16026}}</ref> |- |"The Most Beautiful Girl in the World" |Prince | style="text-align:center;" |<ref name="Vibe" /> |- |"Sending My Love" |Zhané | style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://theboombox.com/naughty-by-nature-zhane-sending-my-love/|title=How Naughty By Nature Played a Key Role in the Success of Zhane's 'Sending My Love'|author=Ducreay|first=Safra|work=[[Townsquare Media|The Boombox]]|date=July 25, 2018|accessdate=September 2, 2021}}</ref> |- |"United Front" |Arrested Development | style="text-align:center;" |<ref name="Vibe" /> |- | rowspan="3" |1995 |"For Your Love" |Stevie Wonder | style="text-align:center;" | |- |"Freedom" |Various Artists | style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://hiphopdx.com/news/id.16068/title.throwback-thursday-revisits-freedom-theme-from-panther|title=Throwback Thursday Revisits "Freedom (Theme From 'Panther')"|author=Burgess|first=Omar|work=[[HipHopDX]]|date=July 21, 2011|accessdate=September 2, 2021|archivedate=August 19, 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210819185943/https://hiphopdx.com/news/id.16068/title.throwback-thursday-revisits-freedom-theme-from-panther}}</ref> |- |"[[Paradaịs Gangsta|Gangsta's Paradise]]" |Coolio | style="text-align:center;" | |- |1996 |"Someday" |All-4-One | style="text-align:center;" | |- |1998 |"Bedtime (Version 2)" |Usher Raymond | |- |1999 |"Blue Angels" |Pras | |- |2007 |"Citizen/Soldier" |3 Doors Down | style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.shootonline.com/news/share/35693|title=Filmmaker on Guard with Citizen Soldier|author=Champagne|first=Christine|work=[[Shoot (advertising magazine)|SHOOTonline]]|date=October 28, 2007|accessdate=September 2, 2021|archivedate=September 2, 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210902151728/https://www.shootonline.com/news/share/35693}}</ref> |- |2011 |"Mirror" |Lil Wayne | style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.complex.com/music/2011/11/lil-wayne-taps-antoine-fuqua-for-mirror-video|title=Lil Wayne Taps Antoine Fuqua for "Mirror" Video|author=Osei|first=Anthony|work=[[Complex Networks|Complex]]|date=November 3, 2011|accessdate=September 2, 2021|archivedate=September 2, 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210902150217/https://www.complex.com/music/2011/11/lil-wayne-taps-antoine-fuqua-for-mirror-video}}</ref> |- |} === Azụmahịa === * Pirelli Taya - "Oku" (2006), na-egosi Naomi Campbell na John Malkovich == Ntụaka == na-eme ihe nkiri Jamie Foxx . O wee duzie ụbọchị ọzụzụ mpụ thriller (2001), nke kpakpando Denzel Washington nwetara ihe nrite Academy maka onye na-eme ihe nkiri kacha mma . Ihe nkiri ya na-esote bụ ihe nkiri agha Action Tears of the Sun (2003), ihe nkiri akụkọ akụkọ Arthurian King Arthur (2004), onye na-agba izu ọjọọ Shooter == Anita W. AddisonNjikọ mpụga == * {{IMDb name|0298807}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20090115195923/http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/hr/search/article_display.jsp?vnu_content_id=1000981689 ''Hollywood Reporter'' story] on upcoming the Notorious B.I.G. film (from 2005) * [https://web.archive.org/web/20110714212005/http://www.nthword.com/issue6/Interview_Antoine_Fuqua_Directing.php ''On Directing with Antoine Fuqua''] ''nthWORD'' Interview by Gina Ponce, April 2010 [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 13slg7i65wtne4rwhbfos0q5cqyxmrt 0 47643 727580 670956 2026-09-24T10:19:06Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727580 wikitext text/x-wiki  {{Databox}} '''David Isaac Friley''' <ref name="Birth name"> {{Cite web|title=David Isaac Friley, Born 11/13/1986 in California|url=https://www.californiabirthindex.org/birth/david_isaac_friley_born_1986_17348486|accessdate=2023-04-01|work=California Birth Index}} </ref> (amuru na Nọvemba 13, 1986), onye amara dika '''Dave Free''', bu onye ihe nkiri America na onye na-edekọ ihe. <ref>{{Cite news|author=Jackson|first=Mitchell S.|date=2022-12-27|title=Kendrick Lamar's New Chapter: Raw, Intimate and Unconstrained|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/12/27/magazine/kendrick-lamar-dave-free.html|accessdate=2023-07-18}}</ref> Amụrụ ma zụlite na Inglewood, [[California]], a maara ya nke ọma maka mmekorita okike ya na onye rapper Kendrick Lamar . N'oge ya dị ka onye isi oche nke Top Dawg Entertainment (TDE), vidiyo egwu eduzi na ihe nkiri dị mkpirikpi na Lamar n'okpuru aha Little Homies. Mgbe ọpụpụ ya na TDE na 2019, ọ kwadoro ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe PGLang . N'ime nkwanye ugwu efu bụ otu Grammy Award na atọ MTV Video Music Awards . <ref>{{Cite web|author=Tardio|first=Andres|date=2015-08-21|title=Here's How Kendrick Lamar and Dave Free Became Super Duo 'The Little Homies'|url=https://www.mtv.com/news/2246258/kendrick-lamar-dave-free-little-homies/|accessdate=2023-07-29|work=[[MTV]]|archivedate=2022-04-26|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220426200153/https://www.mtv.com/news/2246258/kendrick-lamar-dave-free-little-homies/}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|author=Phillips|first=Yoh|date=2016-04-07|title=The Little Homies Have the Best Creative Vision in Rap|url=https://djbooth.net/features/2016-04-07-the-little-homies-video-breakdown|accessdate=2023-07-29|work=DJBooth}}</ref> == Ndụ mbido == David Isaac Friley mụrụ na November 13, 1986, na Inglewood, California ; nwa nwoke nke di na nwunye si North na South Akụkụ nke [[Chicago]] . <ref name="NYT">{{Cite news|author=Jackson|first=Mitchell S.|date=2022-12-27|title=Kendrick Lamar's Unconstrained Next Chapter|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/12/27/magazine/kendrick-lamar-dave-free.html|accessdate=2022-12-27}}</ref> Ọ bụ ya bụ ọdụdụ nwa n’ime ụmụaka atọ. <ref name="NYT" /> Friley bụ enyi nwata nke onye rapper Kendrick Lamar, zutere mgbe ha abụọ nọ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Yoo|first=Noah|date=2019-10-04|title=Dave Free No Longer Co-President of Top Dawg Entertainment: Report|url=https://pitchfork.com/news/dave-free-no-longer-co-president-of-top-dawg-entertainment-report/|accessdate=2022-08-18|work=Pitchfork|language=en-US}}</ref> Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ, ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye na-ahụ maka kọmputa mgbe ọ na-enyere Lamar aka ịmalite ọrụ rap ya. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Greenburg|first=Zack O'Malley|title=Meet Dave Free, Kendrick Lamar's 30 Under 30 Manager|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/zackomalleygreenburg/2016/01/04/meet-dave-free-kendrick-lamars-30-under-30-manager/|accessdate=2022-08-18|work=Forbes|language=en}}</ref> O jiri ọrụ ya gosi egwu Lamar Anthony "Top Dawg" Tiffith, onye nchoputa na onye isi oche nke aha ndekọ aha onwe ya Top Dawg Entertainment (TDE), nke mere ka ọ bịanye aka na nkwekọrịta ndekọ na akara na 2005. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Droke|first=Carolyn|date=2019-10-05|title=Dave Free Reportedly Steps Down As Top Dawg Entertainment's President|url=https://uproxx.com/music/dave-free-leaves-top-dawg-entertainment/|accessdate=2022-08-18|work=UPROXX|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|date=2011-01-06|title=Kendrick Lamar: The West Coast Got Somethin' To Say|url=https://hiphopdx.com/interviews/id.1641/title.kendrick-lamar-the-west-coast-got-somethin-to-say|accessdate=2022-08-18|work=HipHopDX}}</ref> == Ọrụ == N'oge na-adịghị Lamar bịanyere aka na TDE, Free sonyeere akara ahụ dị ka onye nrụpụta ụlọ. Ọ ghọrọ onye òtù nke hip hop mmepụta otu [[Digi+Phonics|Digi + phonics]] n'akụkụ Sounwave, [[Willie B (producer)|Willie B]] na Tae Beast ma rụọ ọrụ nke ọma na oru ngo maka hip hop supergroup Black Hippy, nke mejupụtara Lamar, Jay Rock, Schoolboy Q na Ab-Soul . <ref>{{Cite news|author=Ducker|first=Eric|date=2014-07-23|title=A Rational Conversation: The Sound Of TDE's Success|language=en|work=NPR|url=https://www.npr.org/sections/therecord/2014/07/23/334492009/a-rational-conversation-the-sound-of-tdes-success|accessdate=2022-11-12}}</ref> Ọrụ mmepụta ha nwetara otuto dị egwu; ''Mgbagwoju anya'' aha ya bụ Digi + phonics dị ka otu n'ime ndị nrụpụta ọhụrụ 25 kachasị elu ga-elele na Nọvemba 2012. <ref>{{Cite web|title=25 New Producers To Watch Out For|url=https://www.complex.com/music/2012/11/25-new-producers-to-watch-out-for/|accessdate=2022-11-12|work=Complex|language=en|archivedate=2019-08-25|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190825025130/https://www.complex.com/music/2012/11/25-new-producers-to-watch-out-for/}}</ref> BET kpọrọ ha aha dị ka otu n'ime ndị na-eto eto iri kacha elu na-eto eto na July 2013. <ref>{{Cite web|title=10 Young Producers On the Rise|url=https://www.bet.com/photo-gallery/nti147/10-young-producers-on-the-rise/5ykijb|accessdate=2022-11-12|work=BET|language=en|archive-date=2022-11-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221112051325/https://www.bet.com/photo-gallery/nti147/10-young-producers-on-the-rise/5ykijb|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ọrụ azụmaahịa n'efu malitere dịka onye isi mgbasa ozi mgbasa ozi maka TDE. <ref>{{Cite web|title=More Levels, The Brains Behind Top Dawg Entertainment [September 2012 Story] - XXL|url=https://www.xxlmag.com/tde-sidebar-kendrick-coverage/|accessdate=2022-08-18|work=XXL Mag|date=October 24, 2012|language=en}}</ref> N'afọ 2007, a kpọrọ ya onye isi oche nke label n'akụkụ Terrence "Punch" Henderson . <ref>{{Cite web|title=Kendrick Lamar Addresses Macklemore Text, Will Reportedly Release His New Album In September|url=https://www.complex.com/tag/kendrick-lamar|accessdate=2022-08-18|work=Complex|language=en|archivedate=2022-08-14|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220814065438/https://www.complex.com/tag/kendrick-lamar}}</ref> Free mechara bụrụ onye njikwa Lamar n'oge ọ nọ n'ọchịchị wee duzie ọtụtụ ọba egwu ya na vidiyo egwu na-esote n'okpuru aha mkpokọta The Little Homies. <ref>{{Cite news|author=Phillips|first=Yoh|title=The Little Homies Have the Best Creative Vision in Rap|url=https://djbooth.net/features/2016-04-07-the-little-homies-video-breakdown|accessdate=2022-08-18|work=DJBooth|language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=Here's How Kendrick Lamar And Dave Free Became Super Duo 'The Little Homies'|url=https://www.mtv.com/news/mpcmpj/kendrick-lamar-dave-free-little-homies|accessdate=2022-08-18|work=MTV|language=en|archivedate=2022-08-18|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220818215846/https://www.mtv.com/news/mpcmpj/kendrick-lamar-dave-free-little-homies}}</ref> Ọrụ ime ihe nkiri ha nwetara otuto ma duo duo na-emeri Grammy Award for Best Music Video na MTV Video Music Awards maka Best Hip Hop Video na Video nke Afọ . <ref>{{Cite web|date=2018-01-28|title=Grammy Awards Winners: The Complete List|url=https://variety.com/2018/music/news/2018-grammys-winners-list-music-awards-1202676802/|accessdate=2022-08-18|work=Variety|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|author=Berry|first=Peter A.|title=Kendrick Lamar's 'Humble' Wins Best Hip-Hop at 2017 MTV Video Music Awards - XXL|url=https://www.xxlmag.com/kendrick-lamar-humble-wins-best-hip-hop-2017-mtv-video-music-awards/|accessdate=2022-08-18|work=XXL Mag|date=August 28, 2017|language=en}}</ref> Na Ọktoba 4, 2019, ''Rolling Stone'' kọrọ na Free hapụrụ TDE ma na-arụ ọrụ nke onwe. Ọ na-enyekwara onye rapper Baby Keem aka ka ọ malitere inweta amara ma kwupụta ebumnuche ya nke "[[Iba|ịba]] arọ n'ime egwuregwu ihe nkiri." Na Machị 5, 2020, Free na Lamar weputara ụlọ ọrụ okike “multi-lingual” PGLang . Site na ụlọ ọrụ ahụ, Free edewo ma na-eduzi ọtụtụ vidiyo egwu na mgbasa ozi mgbasa ozi maka Calvin Klein, Converse na Cash App . <ref>{{Cite web|author=Dunn|first=Frankie|date=2021-01-14|title=Kendrick Lamar's pgLang has collaborated with Calvin Klein|url=https://i-d.vice.com/en_uk/article/4ad7p3/kendrick-lamar-pglang-dave-free-calvin-klein-collaboration|accessdate=2022-08-18|work=i-D|language=en|archivedate=2022-08-18|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220818215846/https://i-d.vice.com/en_uk/article/4ad7p3/kendrick-lamar-pglang-dave-free-calvin-klein-collaboration}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|author=Inman|first=DeMicia|date=2022-05-04|title=A Closer Look At The "pgLang For Converse" Collaboration|url=https://www.vibe.com/gallery/pglang-converse-sold-out-collaboration-1234661029/|accessdate=2022-08-18|work=VIBE.com|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=Kendrick Lamar Links With Billionaire Ray Dalio for New pgLang-Produced Video Promoting Financial Literacy|url=https://www.complex.com/music/kendrick-lamar-ray-dalio-pglang-financial-literacy-video|accessdate=2022-08-18|work=Complex|language=en|archivedate=2022-08-18|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220818215846/https://www.complex.com/music/kendrick-lamar-ray-dalio-pglang-financial-literacy-video}}</ref> Na Jenụwarị 13, 2022, Free na Lamar kwupụtara na ha na-emepụta ihe nkiri ọchị na-enweghị aha ya na ndị okike ''South Park'' Trey Parker na Matt Stone maka Foto Paramount . <ref>{{Cite web|author=Grobar|first=Matt|date=2022-01-13|title=Kendrick Lamar, Dave Free & 'South Park' Duo Matt Stone And Trey Parker To Produce Comedy Penned By Vernon Chatman For Paramount|url=https://deadline.com/2022/01/kendrick-lamar-dave-free-matt-stone-trey-parker-to-produce-paramount-comedy-1234912409/|accessdate=2022-08-18|work=Deadline|language=en-US}}</ref> == Ekele == {| class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders" ! scope="col" |Organization ! scope="col" |Year{{efn|Indicates the year of ceremony. Each year is linked to the article about the awards held that year, wherever possible.}} ! scope="col" |Category ! scope="col" |Nominated work ! scope="col" |Result ! class="unsortable" scope="col" |{{Abbr|Ref.|References}} |- ! scope="row" |BET Awards |2023 | rowspan="3" |Video Director of the Year | rowspan="3" |Free and Kendrick Lamar | {{Nom}} | style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite web|author=Tinoco|first=Armando|date=2023-06-26|title=BET Awards: SZA, Beyoncé Lead With Most Wins, Including Tying For Album Of The Year|url=https://deadline.com/2023/06/2023-bet-awards-winners-list-1235424387/|accessdate=2023-08-16|work=Deadline|language=en-US}}</ref> |- ! rowspan="2" scope="row" |BET Hip Hop Awards |2022 | {{Won}} | style="text-align:center;" | |- |2023 | {{Won}} | style="text-align:center;" | |- ! scope="row" |Cannes Lions International Festival of Creativity |2023 |Film Craft Lion for Direction |''We Cry Together – A Short Film'' | {{Won|Grand Prix}} | style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite web|author=Nudd|first=Tim|date=2023-06-20|title=Kendrick Lamar's short film 'We Cry Together' wins Film Craft Grand Prix at Cannes|url=https://adage.com/article/special-report-cannes-lions/cannes-lions-2023-kendrick-lamars-short-film-we-cry-together-wins-film-craft-grand-prix/2500636|accessdate=2023-08-16|work=Ad Age|language=en}}</ref> |- ! rowspan="5" scope="row" |Grammy Awards |2016 | rowspan="4" |Best Music Video |"Alright" | {{Nom}} | style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite web|author=|first=|date=2016-02-15|title=Grammy Awards: Complete Winners List|url=https://variety.com/2016/music/awards/grammy-awards-2016-grammys-winners-list-1201706586/|accessdate=2023-08-16|work=Variety|language=en-US}}</ref> |- |2018 |"Humble" | {{Won}} | style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite news|date=2018-01-28|title=Grammy 2018 Winners: Full List (Published 2018)|language=en|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/01/28/arts/music/grammy-winners.html|accessdate=2023-08-16}}</ref> |- |2023 |"The Heart Part 5" | {{Nom}} | style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite web|author=Nordyke|first=Kimberly|date=2023-02-06|title=Grammy Awards: Complete List of Winners|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/music-news/grammys-2023-winners-list-1235312839/|accessdate=2023-08-16|work=The Hollywood Reporter|language=en-US}}</ref> |- | rowspan="2" |2024 |"Count Me Out" | {{Nom}} | rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite news|date=2023-11-10|title=Grammy Awards 2024: The Full List of Nominees|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2023/11/10/arts/music/grammys-nominee-list-2024.html|accessdate=2023-11-16}}</ref> |- |Best Music Film |''Live From Paris, The Big Steppers Tour'' | {{Nom}} |- ! rowspan="6" scope="row" |MTV Video Music Awards | rowspan="2" |2015 |Best Direction | rowspan="2" |"Alright" | {{Won}} | rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite web|author=Hooton|first=Christopher|date=2015-08-31|title=VMAs 2015: Taylor Swift and her buddy Kendrick Lamar clean-up at awards|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/music/news/vmas-2015-taylor-swift-and-her-buddy-kendrick-lamar-cleanup-at-awards-full-list-of-winners-10479316.html|accessdate=2023-08-16|work=The Independent|language=en}}</ref> |- |Video of the Year | {{Nom}} |- | rowspan="2" |2017 |Best Direction | rowspan="2" |"Humble" | {{Won}} | rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite news|author=Lee|first=Benjamin|date=2017-08-28|title=MTV VMAs: Kendrick Lamar wins big in politically charged ceremony|language=en-GB|work=The Guardian|url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/2017/aug/28/mtv-vmas-kendrick-lamar-wins-big-in-politically-charged-ceremony|accessdate=2023-08-16}}</ref> |- |Video of the Year | {{Won}} |- |2022 | rowspan="2" |Best Direction |"Family Ties" | {{Nom}} | style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite web|author=Langston|first=Keith|date=2022-08-29|title=MTV VMAs winners: See the full list|url=https://ew.com/mtv-video-music-awards/mtv-vmas-2022-winners-list/|accessdate=2023-08-16|work=EW.com|language=en}}</ref> |- |2023 |"Count Me Out" | {{Nom}} | style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite web|date=2023-08-08|title=Taylor Swift tops list of 2023 MTV Video Music Award nominations|url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/taylor-swift-2023-mtv-video-music-award-nominations/|accessdate=2023-08-16|work=CBS News|language=en-US}}</ref> |- ! scope="row" |<nowiki><i id="mwAQo">Variety</i></nowiki> Hitmakers |2022 |Creativity and Impact Award |Himself | {{Won}} | style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite web|author=Panaligan|first=E. J.|date=2022-12-05|title=Dave Free Accepts Inaugural Creativity & Impact Award at Variety Hitmakers Ceremony: 'Make Sure We Instill Purpose Into Everything We Do'|url=https://variety.com/video/dave-free-creativity-impact-award-variety-hitmakers-2022/|accessdate=2023-08-16|work=Variety|language=en-US}}</ref> |} == Ihe ngosi == == Ntụaka == nke onye rapper Kendrick Lamar, zutere mgbe ha abụọ nọ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị. Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ, ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye na-ahụ maka kọmputa mgbe ọ na-enyere Lamar aka ịmalite ọrụ rap ya. O jiri ọrụ ya gosi egwu Lamar Anthony "Top Dawg" Tiffith, onye nchoputa na onye isi oche nke aha ndekọ aha onwe ya Top Dawg Entertainment (TDE), nke mere ka == Ndetu == {{notelist}} ==Edensibia== {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Free, Dave}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Articles with hCards]] [[Òtù:Short description is different from Wikidata]] [[Òtù:Articles with short description]] 4ppgdj3erq1khn0rj75voaxzv63hhro 0 47877 727569 212478 2026-09-24T09:13:15Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727569 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''D. Smith''' (amụrụ Julaị 20, 1975) bụ onye America na-agụ abụ, onye na-agụ abụ n'ezie, na onye na-eme ihe nkiri. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ na Lil Wayne 's ''Tha Carter III'', bụ nke a họpụtara maka ''Album of the Year'' na 2009 Grammy Awards wee merie ''Album Rap kacha mma.'' Na 2016, o mere ya eziokwu-TV mpụta mbụ na oge ise nke ''Love &amp;amp; Hip Hop Atlanta'' . Akwụkwọ akụkọ mpụta mbụ ya ''Kokomo City'' (2023) na-esote ndị ọrụ mmekọ nwoke na nwanyị transgender anọ wee malite na 2023 Sundance Film Festival . == Ndụ mmalite na agụmakwụkwọ == A mụrụ D. Smith n'ezinụlọ okpukpe na Miami, Florida ebe ọ hụrụ egwu n'anya site na ụka. <ref name=":0" /> O dere abụ mbụ ya mgbe ọ dị afọ iri maka ndị ukwe ụka ya. <ref name=":1" /> Mgbe ọ dị afọ asaa, ọ maara na ọ bụ transgender na ọ na-adakarị ụra na-ekpe ekpere ka ọ teta dị ka nwanyị. <ref name=":0" /> Ọ gụsịrị ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị wee kwaga New York City, New York ebe ọ malitere ịchụso ọrụ egwu. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2023)">a chọrọ nkọwa</span>]]'' &#x5D;</sup> == Ọrụ == Na Brooklyn, New York, Smith gbasoro ọrụ egwu ya dị ka onye na-emepụta ihe ma soro onye na-agụ egwú Stacey Barthe rụkọọ ọrụ. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=Kokomo City|url=https://dcdoxfest.com/films/kokomo-city/|accessdate=2023-10-07|work=DC/DOX|language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://dcdoxfest.com/films/kokomo-city/ "Kokomo City"]. ''DC/DOX''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-10-07</span></span>.</cite></ref> Ha na ọtụtụ ndị na-ese ihe na-arụkọ ọrụ, gụnyere Lil' Wayne. <ref name=":2">{{Cite web|date=2016-07-11|title=Transgender Producer D. Smith Talks Working On Old & New Music With Lil Wayne [Video]|url=https://www.lilwaynehq.com/2016/07/transgender-producer-d-smith-talks-working-on-old-new-music-with-lil-wayne-video/|accessdate=2023-10-07|language=en-US}}</ref> Na 2008, D. Smith mepụtara na bụrụ abụ na egwu " ''Shoot Me Down'' " maka Lil Wayne's rap album ''Tha Carter III'' . <ref name=":2" /> <ref>{{Cite web|author=Billboard Staff|date=2016-07-04|title=Watch CeeLo Meet Transgender Producer D. Smith on ‘Love & Hip Hop: Atlanta’|url=https://www.billboard.com/music/rb-hip-hop/ceelo-green-transgender-producer-d-smith-vh1-love-hip-hop-atlanta-betty-idol-7424054/|accessdate=2023-10-07|work=Billboard|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref name="rude2023smith" /> Maka ọrụ ya na egwu ahụ, ọ meriri 2009 Grammy Award maka ''Best Rap Album'' ya na ndị mmekọ ndị ọzọ. <ref>{{Cite web|date=2009-02-09|title=Winners! A Complete List From the 2009 Grammys|url=https://www.eonline.com/news/98902/winners_complete_list_from_2009_grammys|accessdate=2023-10-07|work=E! Online}}</ref> Smith sokwa ndị ọzọ na-ese ihe jikọrọ aka tupu mgbanwe ya, gụnyere Andre 3000, Kendrick Lamar, Lloyd, Katy Perry, na Ciara . <ref>{{Cite web|title=D. Smith|url=https://genius.com/artists/D-smith|accessdate=2023-10-07|work=Genius|language=en}}</ref> Na 2014, ọ pụtara dị ka transgender, na ọrụ egwu ya dara ada; <ref>{{Cite web|author=Debruge|first=Peter|date=2023-01-27|title=‘Kokomo City’ Review: Trans Sex Workers Reframe Their Narrative in D. Smith’s Raucous Doc|url=https://variety.com/2023/film/reviews/kokomo-city-review-d-smith-1235504198/|accessdate=2023-10-07|work=Variety|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref name="rude2023smith" /> Smith zoro aka na mgbanwe ya dị ka ihe kpatara nkwụsịtụ ahụ. <ref name=":3">{{Cite web|author=Donnelly|first=Matt|date=2023-01-30|title=Breakout Director D. Smith, Who ‘Lost Everything’ When She Transitioned, Just Conquered Sundance|url=https://variety.com/2023/film/news/kokomo-city-director-d-smith-sundance-winner-1235505907/|accessdate=2023-10-07|work=Variety|language=en-US}}</ref> Dị ka ''Out'' si kwuo, ụlọ ọrụ egwu "kwụsị ịlaghachi oku ya." <ref name="rude2023smith">{{Cite web|author=Rude|first=Mey|url=https://www.out.com/out100/disruptors/d-smith|title=D. Smith|work=[[Out (magazine)|Out]]|accessdate=November 20, 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20231027155608/https://www.out.com/out100/disruptors/d-smith|archivedate=October 27, 2023}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFRude">Rude, Mey. [https://www.out.com/out100/disruptors/d-smith "D. Smith"]. ''[[Ọpụ (magazine)|Out]]''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20231027155608/https://www.out.com/out100/disruptors/d-smith Archived] from the original on October 27, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 20,</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> Ọ pụtara na oge ise nke Love & Hip Hop Atlanta maka nkeji asatọ na 2016, na-eme ka ọ bụrụ nwanyị trans izizi na usoro ihe onyonyo eziokwu edeghị ede. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Grobar|first=Matt|date=2023-01-21|title=D. Smith, Director Of Sundance-Premiering Documentary ‘Kokomo City,’ Signs With CAA|url=https://deadline.com/2023/01/kokomo-city-filmmaker-d-smith-signs-with-caa-1235229081/|accessdate=2023-10-07|work=Deadline|language=en-US}}</ref> Onye na-ese egwu chere mkparịta ụka kpụ ọkụ n'ọnụ na ndị otu ibe ya na okwu transgender, gụnyere Waka Flocka na [[Lil Scrappy]] . <ref>{{Cite web|title=L&HH 's First Transgender Cast Member Shuts Down Hate From Waka Flocka|url=https://www.bet.com/article/9nr41o/lhh-s-first-transgender-cast-member-shuts-down-waka-flocka|accessdate=2023-10-07|work=BET|language=en|archive-date=2023-10-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231020195938/https://www.bet.com/article/9nr41o/lhh-s-first-transgender-cast-member-shuts-down-waka-flocka|url-status=dead}}</ref> N'agbanyeghị ebumnuche ya igosi ụmụ nwanyị transgender dị ka ndị na-abụghị ndị na-ese okwu, Smith na-ekwu na ya chere nrụgide sitere n'aka ndị na-emepụta ihe ngosi ahụ ka ọ bụrụ ndị na-ese okwu; ọ sịrị, "Abụghị m onye na-ese okwu, m na-amanyekwa onwe m ịbụ, na ọ bụụrụ onwe m ọdachi zuru oke." Ọ hapụrụ ihe nkiri ahụ mgbe e mesịrị na oge, na-ekwu maka ya dị ka ahụmahụ na-akwa ụta. <ref name=":0">{{Cite news|author=D'Souza|first=Shaad|date=2023-07-19|title=Kokomo City director D Smith: ‘A lot of trans documentaries are snoozefests’|language=en-GB|work=The Guardian|url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/2023/jul/19/trans-film-maker-d-smith|accessdate=2023-10-07}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFD'Souza2023">D'Souza, Shaad (2023-07-19). [https://www.theguardian.com/film/2023/jul/19/trans-film-maker-d-smith "Kokomo City director D Smith: 'A lot of trans documentaries are snoozefests'"]. ''The Guardian''. [[ISSN (ihe nchọpụta)|ISSN]]&nbsp;[[issn:0261-3077|0261-3077]]<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-10-07</span></span>.</cite></ref> ''Edepụtara'' ya dị ka otu n'ime ''ndị LGBTQ+ ndị kacha emetụta ma nwee mmetụta na 2023'' na ndepụta onyinye onyinye Out100 kwa afọ. Ọ gwara magazin ahụ, nke kpọrọ ọrụ ya "mkpa ume nke ikuku ọhụrụ maka trans art," na mgbe ịmalite ịhụ "ndị iro, ị maara na ị na-aga n'ụzọ ziri ezi. Tụkwasị usoro ahụ obi ma mara na anyị bụ inwe ike ịlụ ọgụ bụ ihe dị mma." <ref name="rude2023smith"/> == Ndụ onwe onye == Na Mee 2023, onye na-ese R&B Dustin Michael kwadoro mmekọrịta ya na Smith na Instagram. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Hansford|first=Amelia|date=2023-05-10|title=Singer Dustin Michael proudly confirms relationship with trans actor D Smith|url=https://www.thepinknews.com/2023/05/10/dustin-michael-trans-partner-d-smith/|accessdate=2023-10-07|work=PinkNews|language=en-US}}</ref> == Ihe nkiri == {| class="wikitable" |+Ndepụta nke kredit ! Afọ ! Aha ! Ọrụ ! Usoro ! Ihe ndetu |- | 2006 | D. Smith: Onye ọkwọ ụgbọ ala | Onye na-eme ihe nkiri, Onye na-ede egwú | Ihe nkiri dị mkpirikpi | |- | 2015 | Ịhụnanya & Hip Hop: Hollywood | Onwe | Eziokwu TV | Pụtara maka ihe omume 1 |- | 2016 | Ịhụnanya & Hip Hop: Atlanta | Onwe | Eziokwu TV | Pụtara maka nkeji asatọ n'usoro |- | 2023 | Obodo Kokomo | Onye isi, onye na-ese fim, onye ntụzi ihe nkedo, onye nchịkọta akụkọ, onye nrụpụta | Akwụkwọ akụkọ | |} == Ntụaka == egwu n'anya site na ụka. O dere abụ mbụ ya mgbe ọ dị afọ iri maka ndị ukwe ụka ya. Mgbe ọ dị afọ asaa, ọ maara na ọ bụ transgender na ọ na-adakarị ụra na-ekpe ekpere ka{{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] n4sqpo88a2ashpe4xy3d87xk6r0bppn 0 47956 727563 212429 2026-09-24T08:51:13Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727563 wikitext text/x-wiki   {{Databox}}'''Cora Mae Bryant''' (May 1, 1926 - Ọktoba 30, 2008) bụ onye egwu blues America. <ref name="bare" /> Ọ bụ ada nke onye egwu blues America ọzọ, Curley Weaver . Bryant wepụtara ọba solo abụọ n'oge ndụ ya na label Onye Mere Egwu . <ref name="Albums">{{Cite web|url=https://www.allmusic.com/artist/cora-mae-bryant-mn0001330250|title=Cora Mae Bryant - Album Discography - AllMusic|work=[[AllMusic]]|accessdate=11 October 2018}}</ref> A na-ewere akụkụ nke ụlọ ya na Oxford, Georgia dị ka 'ụlọ ngosi ihe mgbe ochie blues'. Egwu nke ya sitere n'ụzọ dị ukwuu site na mmetụta nke ịga ihe ngosi na-adịghị mma na nnọkọ ụlọ, gụnyere nna ya, gbakwunyere Blind Willie McTell, Buddy Moss, na ndị egwu blues mpaghara ndị ọzọ nke mmalite 1930s. <ref name="Creative">{{Cite web|url=https://creativeloafing.com/content-158302-Cora-Mae-Bryant-19262008|title=Cora Mae Bryant 1926-2008 - Atlanta Creative Loafing|work=Creativeloafing.com|accessdate=11 October 2018}}</ref> == Akụkọ ndụ == Amụrụ ya '''Cora Mae Weaver''' na Oxford, Newton County, Georgia, United States. <ref name="bare">{{Cite book|first=Bob|author=Eagle|year=2013|title=Blues: A Regional Experience|publisher=Praeger|location=Santa Barbara, California|pages=274|isbn=978-0313344237}}<cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFEagleLeBlanc2013">Eagle, Bob; LeBlanc, Eric S. (2013). ''Blues: A Regional Experience''. Santa Barbara, California: Praeger. p.&nbsp;274. [[ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Ọpụrụiche:Isi akwụkwọ/978-0313344237|<bdi>978-0313344237</bdi>]].</cite></ref> Ọ bụ ada Curley Weaver, wee malite ịbụ abụ mgbe ọ dị afọ isii na Churchka Baptist ọhụrụ nke dị na Walnut Grove, Georgia . <ref name="Maker" /> Ebe nna ya na-anọghịkarị ịgba egwu na ịdekọ, Bryant bụ nne nne ya, Savannah Shepard, onye bi na Almon, Georgia zụlitere ya. Bryant na nne nne ya, bụ onye nwere ma piano na guitar na-anọkọ ụbọchị na abalị, ma na-akpọkarị ha ma na-abụ abụ iji mee nwa agbọghọ ahụ ụtọ. Bryant kwusiri ike na nke ahụ bụ ebe nna ya nwetaburu ụzọ egwu egwu nke ya. <ref name="Maker" /> O kwuru otu oge, sị, "Mgbe izu ụka bịara, papa m na-abịa kpọta m, anyị amaghị ihe dị iche n'abalị na ehihie." </link> Ọ malitere iso nna ya na-aga azụ fries na barbecues na gburugburu ebe obibi ya, site na njikọ ndị a wee zute Buddy Moss, Blind Willie McTell na ndị ọzọ, gụnyere onye egwu egwu Johnny Guthrie na-edekọghị. Ha na-egwuri egwu n'èzí maka ntụrụndụ nke ndị obodo na Bryant nwetara akwụkwọ ya na Georgia blues. O mechara nweta ọrụ nkịtị n'ihe dị ka afọ iri abụọ na ụma, ebe nna ya na-atụtụ ogho maka ndụ. <ref name="Maker" /> Curley Weaver nwụrụ na 1962. Bryant malitere ime ihe n'onwe ya, n'agbanyeghị na otu onye nchọpụta wryly kwuru na "Clyde Langford na Cora Mae Bryant, kin to Lightnin' Hopkins na Curley Weaver n'otu n'otu, ma dị anya na ha na nkà". <ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=__DTvryrBZkC&q=%22Cora+Mae+Bryant%22&pg=PA76|title=Continuum Encyclopedia of Popular Music of the World Volume 8: Genres: North America|first=John|author=Shepherd|date=8 March 2012|publisher=A&C Black|isbn=9781441160782}}</ref> Edemede abụ nke ya adịghị ngwa ịmalite, mana Bryant hụrụ na usoro ahụ dị mfe iji mezuo. O kwuru, sị: "Anaghị m enweta pensụl ma dee 'em. Otu egwu, anyị nọ ọdụ n'ebe ahụ naanị talkin', mụ na nwa nwa m, m wee sị, "Ee, ọ bụrụ na ị nwetara ihe ọ bụla na layaway, ị ka mma nweta. ya pụta. "M wee mee abụ nke ahụ". <ref name="Maker">{{Cite web|url=http://www.ibiblio.org/musicmakers/mm4000b/mm4003.html|title=American Blues-Music Maker Relief Foundation: Meet Cora Mae Bryant|work=Ibiblio.org|accessdate=11 October 2018}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[http://www.ibiblio.org/musicmakers/mm4000b/mm4003.html "American Blues-Music Maker Relief Foundation: Meet Cora Mae Bryant"]. ''Ibiblio.org''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 October</span> 2018</span>.</cite></ref> Ọzọkwa, ihe ọmụma Bryant banyere blues mbụ na Atlanta na Georgia, jiri ya mee ihe dị ka isi iyi nke ndị ọkọ akụkọ ihe mere eme bụ Peter B. Lowry na Bruce Bastin . </link>Ọrụ ndekọ nke ya abịaghị n'oge ịmalite tupu Dave Peabody 's 1997 album, ''Down in Carolina'', nwere ihe ngosi <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; &#x5D; ''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2021)">na</span>]]''</sup> Bryant na egwu ya edere, "McTell, Moss, & Weaver". <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.allmusic.com/album/down-in-carolina-mw0000235697/credits|title=Down in Carolina - Dave Peabody - Credits - AllMusic|work=[[AllMusic]]|accessdate=11 October 2018}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.allmusic.com/album/down-in-carolina-mw0000235697|title=Down in Carolina - Dave Peabody - Songs, Reviews, Credits - AllMusic|work=[[AllMusic]]|accessdate=11 October 2018}}</ref> O ji nwayọọ nwayọọ ghọọ ihe dị mkpa na Atlanta blues scene; na-eme ihe, na-ahazi mmemme "inye ya azụ" na Northside Tavern nke obodo iji sọpụrụ ndị na-ese ihe n'oge mbụ, yana dịka onye na-akpọkarị ihe ngosi redio blues mpaghara. <ref name="Maker"/> Tụkwasị na nke ahụ, nchịkọta ihe ncheta ya nọgidere na-amụba; "... obere bench na-acha ntụ ntụ, nke o kwuru na Blind Willie McTell na-anọdụ ala na-egwu egwu" nyere onyinye n'ụlọ ebe ngosi nka nke Bryant nke dị n'otu ọnụ ụlọ dị n'akụkụ ụlọ ya na Oxford. <ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JEMIAQAAMAAJ&q=%22Cora+Mae+Bryant%22|title=Hand Me My Travelin' Shoes: In Search of Blind Willie McTell|first=Michael|author=Gray|date=11 October 2018|publisher=Bloomsbury|isbn=978-1556529757}}</ref> Bryant bụ isiokwu nke akụkọ dị na ma akwụkwọ akụkọ ''Living Blues'' na February 1998 yana na ''Music Makers'' na 2002. <ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=immRAgAAQBAJ&q=%22Cora+Mae+Bryant%22&pg=PA205|title=A Blues Bibliography|first=Robert|author=Ford|date=31 March 2008|publisher=Routledge|isbn=9781135865078}}</ref> == Ihe nketa == LlEgwu Bryant, "A mụrụ ka anwụọ" bụ Cerys Matthews gbara na UK's BBC Radio 2015. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/music/artists/f76e08a8-8f78-4455-92f0-349ad16a5f32|title=Cora Mae Bryant - New Songs, Playlists & Latest News - BBC Music|work=[[BBC]]|accessdate=11 October 2018|archive-date=10 November 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181110013405/https://www.bbc.co.uk/music/artists/f76e08a8-8f78-4455-92f0-349ad16a5f32|url-status=dead}}</ref> "Ọ bụ Weaver" ka agbagoro na June 2014, na ihe ngosi redio NTS nke Charlie Bones kwadoro. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nts.live/artists/11480-cora-mae-bryant|title=Cora Mae Bryant - Discover music on NTS|work=Nts.live|accessdate=11 October 2018}}</ref> == Ihe ngosi == {| class="wikitable sortable" !Afọ ! Aha ! Ndekọ ndekọ |- | 2001 | ''A mụrụ ya na Blues'' | style="text-align:center;" | Onye na-eme egwu |- | 2003 | ''Amụrụ na Newton County'' | style="text-align:center;" | Onye na-eme egwu |} == Ntụaka == sitere n'ụzọ dị ukwuu site na mmetụta nke ịga ihe ngosi na-adịghị mma na nnọkọanọghịkarị ịgba egwu na ịdekọ, Bryant bụ nne nne ya, Savannah Shepard, onye bi na Almon, Georgia zụlit{{Reflist}} 1l4p4fdq8udy0y3nd2eu3zodyjui88w 0 48230 727464 538432 2026-09-24T02:09:48Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727464 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="infobox biography vcard" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-above" |<div class="fn">Benjamin Flores Jr.</div> |- class="infobox-data" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" | Amụrụ | class="infobox-data" |<div class="nickname" style="display:inline"> Benjamin Christopher Flores Jr.</div><br /><br /><br /><br /><nowiki></br></nowiki><span style="display:none"> </span><span style="display:none">( <span class="bday">2002-07-24</span> )</span> Julaị 24, 2002 <span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow">(afọ&nbsp;21)</span><br /><br /><br /><br /><nowiki></br></nowiki><div class="birthplace" style="display:inline"> [[Memphis, Tennessee]], Njikota Obodo Amerika</div> |- class="noprint ForceAgeToShow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" | Ndị ọzọ&nbsp;aha | class="infobox-data nickname" | |} {{Databox}}'''Benjamin Christopher Flores Jr.''' <ref>Archived at [https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211205/iNCJdR0x9ck Ghostarchive] and the {{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iNCJdR0x9ck&gl=US&hl=en|title=Game Shakers {{!}} Benjamin Flores Jr. & Cree Cicchino's Nick Stars BFF Challenge {{!}} Nick|work=[[YouTube]]|accessdate=2024-06-15|archivedate=2019-09-22|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190922223416/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iNCJdR0x9ck&gl=US&hl=en}}: {{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iNCJdR0x9ck|title=Game Shakers {{!}} Benjamin Flores Jr. & Cree Cicchino's Nick Stars BFF Challenge {{!}} Nick|work=[[YouTube]]}}</ref> (amuru July 24, 2002 <ref name="Variety-pic">{{Cite web|url=https://variety.com/gallery/photos-up-and-coming-young-talent-variety-youth-impact-report/#!8/flores-benjamin-jr-2/|title=Up-and-Coming Young Talent: Variety Youth Impact Report (PHOTOS) – Benjamin Flores Jr.|work=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]|date=July 24, 2013|accessdate=December 6, 2016}}</ref> ), nke a makwaara dika '''Lil'P-Nut''', bu [[Actor|onye omekorita]] na onye na-egwu egwu America. Na egwu, a maara ya maka egwu ya "You May Be the One". N'ime ihe nkiri, Flores gbara egwu dị ka Louie Preston na usoro telivishọn Nickelodeon ''The Haunted Hathaways'' (2013 – 2015), yana Triple G na usoro Nickelodeon ''Game Shakers'' (2015 – 2019). == Ọrụ == === Egwu === A mụrụ Flores na Memphis, Tennessee. <ref name="BET_News">{{Cite web|author=Jacob Rohn|url=http://www.bet.com/news/music/2013/07/11/benjamin-lil-p-nut-flores-jr-packs-big-talent.html|title=Benjamin "Lil P-Nut" Flores Jr. Is Scary Good in New Role|work=[[BET Nightly News|BET News]]|date=July 11, 2013|accessdate=May 28, 2017|archive-date=August 13, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170813223425/http://www.bet.com/news/music/2013/07/11/benjamin-lil-p-nut-flores-jr-packs-big-talent.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> Flores bịara mara nke ọma mgbe ụlọ ọrụ telivishọn Memphis Fox 13 gbara ya ajụjụ ọnụ mgbe ọ dị afọ 7. Mgbe ajụjụ ọnụ ahụ gasịrị, ọ pụtara na ''Ellen DeGeneres Show'', bụ ebe ọ rụrụ otu rap mbụ ya dị ka Lil'P-Nut, "Ị Pụrụ Ịbụ Onye M"; <ref name="memphisparent">{{Cite web|author=Stephanie Painter|url=http://www.memphisparent.com/article/he%E2%80%99s-got-beat|title=Rapper Lil' P-Nut has caught Hollywood's attention — at age 9|work=memphisparent.com|date=October 14, 2011|accessdate=December 9, 2011|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20111014125153/http://www.memphisparent.com/article/he%E2%80%99s-got-beat|archivedate=October 14, 2011}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|title=Appearance on Ellen|url=http://www.ellentv.com/2010/11/25/7-year-old-rapper-lil-p-nut/|work=ellentv.com|date=November 25, 2010}}</ref> wepụtara na Septemba 25, 2010. Ọ pụtaziri na egwu Cymphonique, "Ihe ahụ niile". <ref name="BET_News" /> Raps ya ndị ọzọ gụnyere "Nrọ ọjọọ" na "Choosin'". <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="Were these released widely publicly? [If so, when?] If not, they made not be notable and should not be included. (November 2016)">mkpa nkọwa</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> === Ime ihe === Flores pụtara na ihe omume nke sitcom TBS ''Ànyị N'ebe ahụ?'' , wee kpọọ Atticus the rapping penguin na ihe nkiri animated ''Happy Feet 2'', na 2011. <ref name="memphisparent"/> <ref>{{Cite web|author=Gail Choice|url=http://www.ourweekly.com/arts-and-entertainment/%E2%80%98happy-feet-two%E2%80%99%E2%80%94very-happy|title='Happy Feet Two'—very happy|work=ourweekly.com|date=November 17, 2011|accessdate=December 9, 2011|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20120905124337/http://www.ourweekly.com/arts-and-entertainment/%E2%80%98happy-feet-two%E2%80%99%E2%80%94very-happy|archivedate=September 5, 2012}}</ref> O mere ihe onyonyo na vidiyo egwu Yo Gotti maka "Lee n'enyo". Flores pụtara na ihe nkiri ahụ ''Ride Along'', nke ewepụtara na Jenụwarị 2014. <ref name="BET_News"/> Na 2013, a tụbara Flores n'ọrụ egwu egwu na usoro ihe nkiri telivishọn Nickelodeon ''The Haunted Hathaways'', na-egwu Louie mmụọ na-eto eto nke bi n'otu ụlọ na ezinụlọ dị ndụ a na-akpọ Hathaways. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Nellie Andreeva|url=https://deadline.com/2013/01/nickelodeon-picks-up-comedy-the-haunted-hathaways-to-series-with-20-episode-order-407650/|title=Nickelodeon Picks Up Comedy 'The Haunted Hathaways' To Series With 20-Episode Order|work=Deadline.com|date=January 18, 2013|accessdate=May 28, 2017}}</ref> Ihe ngosi ahụ mere oge abụọ tupu agwụ na 2015. A họpụtara ya maka onye na-eme ihe nkiri TV ọkacha mmasị na ''Nickelodeon Kids Choice Awards'' na 2014 na 2015 maka ọrụ ya na ''The Haunted Hathaways'' . <ref name="KCA-2014">{{Cite web|author=Philiana Ng|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/kids-choice-awards-2014-nominees-681858|title=Nickelodeon's Kids' Choice Awards Nominations Revealed|work=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]|date=February 24, 2014|accessdate=February 26, 2017}}</ref> <ref name="KCA-2015">{{Cite web|author=Stephanie Webber|url=http://www.usmagazine.com/entertainment/news/kids-choice-awards-2015-complete-list-of-winners-2015283|title=Kids' Choice Awards 2015: Complete List of Winners!|work=Us Weekly|date=March 28, 2015|accessdate=February 26, 2017}}</ref> Na July 7, 2015, a mara ọkwa na Flores ga-arụkọ ọrụ na usoro ihe nkiri TV ọhụrụ nke Dan Schneider, ''Game Shakers'', na-arụ ọrụ nke Triple G, nwa nwoke onye rapper a ma ama Double G ( Kel Mitchell ). Emegharịrị usoro a maka oge nke atọ na Nọvemba 2016. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Denise Petski|url=https://deadline.com/2016/11/henry-danger-game-shakers-renewed-nickelodeon-1201855768/|title=Henry Danger & Game Shakers Renewed by Nickelodeon|work=Deadline.com|date=November 16, 2016|accessdate=November 16, 2016}}</ref> == Ihe nkiri == {| class="wikitable" |+Television and film roles !Year !Title !Role !Notes |- |2011 |''Happy Feet Two'' |Atticus |Film voice role; as Benjamin "Lil' P-Nut" Flores Jr. |- |2013–2015 |''The Haunted Hathaways'' | rowspan="2" |Louie Preston |Main role; as Benjamin "Lil' P-Nut" Flores Jr. |- | rowspan="3" |2014 |''The Thundermans'' |Crossover episode: "The Haunted Thundermans" |- |''Ride Along'' |Morris |Film; as Benjamin "Lil' P-Nut" Flores |- |''Santa Hunters'' |Alex | rowspan="2" |Television film (Nickelodeon) |- | rowspan="2" |2015 |''One Crazy Cruise'' |Nate Bauer |- |''Henry Danger'' |Lil' Biggie |Episode: "The Beat Goes On" |- |2015–2019 |''Game Shakers'' |Triple G |Main role; as Benjamin "Lil' P-Nut" Flores Jr. |- | rowspan="4" |2017 |''Transformers: The Last Knight'' |Kid |Film |- |''Henry Danger'' |Triple G |Crossover special: "Danger Games" |- |''Hey Arnold!: The Jungle Movie'' |Gerald Johanssen |Television film (Nickelodeon); voice role; as Benjamin "Lil' P-Nut" Flores Jr. |- |''Pup Star: Better 2Gether'' |M.C. Bite |Film; voice role; as Benjamin "Lil' P-Nut" Flores Jr. |- |2018 |''The Librarians'' |Freddy |Episode: "And the Hidden Sanctuary" |- |2019 |''Rim of the World'' |Dariush |Direct-to-video film<ref name="RofW">{{Cite web|author=Amanda N'Duka|url=https://deadline.com/2018/06/director-mcg-netflix-film-rim-of-the-world-cast-1202414461/|title=McG Assembles Cast For Netflix Film 'Rim of the World'|work=Deadline Hollywood|date=June 20, 2018|accessdate=May 28, 2019}}</ref> |- |2020–2022 |''Jurassic World Camp Cretaceous'' |Brandon Bowman |8 episodes; voice role |- |2020–2023 |''Your Honor'' |Eugene Jones |Recurring role (season 1); main role (season 2)<ref name="Your Honor">{{Cite web|author=Denise Petski|url=https://deadline.com/2019/10/your-honor-tony-curran-keith-machekanyanga-lamar-johnson-benjamin-flores-jr-showtime-drama-1202763155/|title='Your Honor': Tony Curran, Keith Machekanyanga, Lamar Johnson & Benjamin Flores Jr. Join Showtime Legal Drama|work=Deadline Hollywood|date=October 18, 2019|accessdate=November 16, 2019}}</ref> |- | rowspan="3" |2021 |''Fear Street Part One: 1994'' | rowspan="3" |Josh |Streaming film<ref name="FS1">{{Cite web|author=Amanda N'Duka|url=https://deadline.com/2019/03/fear-street-benjamin-flores-jr-fox-and-chernin-entertainment-r-l-stein-movie-1202574503/|title='Fear Street': Benjamin Flores, Jr. Joins Fox and Chernin Entertainment's R.L. Stine Adaptation|work=Deadline Hollywood|date=March 12, 2019|accessdate=March 12, 2019}}</ref><ref name="FS2">{{Cite web|author=Mike Fleming Jr|url=https://deadline.com/2020/08/rl-stine-fear-street-movie-trilogy-netflix-chernin-entertainment-leigh-janiak-director-the-summer-of-fear-2021-1203010276/|title=Slot After Landing R.L. Stine 'Fear Street' Movie Trilogy From Disney & Chernin; Leigh Janiak Directed The Trio|work=Deadline Hollywood|date=August 11, 2020|accessdate=August 14, 2020}}</ref> |- |''Fear Street Part Two: 1978'' |Streaming film<ref name="FS1" /><ref name="FS2" /> |- |''Fear Street Part Three: 1666'' |Streaming film<ref name="FS1" /><ref name="FS2" /> |- |2023 |''Quantum Leap'' |Dwain |Episode: "One Night in Koreatown" |- |2024 |''Jurassic World: Chaos Theory'' |Brandon Bowman |Episode: "Aftershock" ; voice role |} == Ihe nrite na nhọpụta == {| class="wikitable" !Afọ ! Ihe nrite ! Otu ! Ọrụ ! Nsonaazụ ! Refs |- | rowspan="2" | 2014 | Ihe nrite Imagen | rowspan="4" | Onye na-eme ihe nkiri TV kacha amasị | rowspan="3" | ''Haunted Hathaways''| {{Won}} | style="text-align:center;" | <ref name="Imagen-2014">{{Cite web|url=https://www.imagen.org/awards/past-imagen-awards-winners/2014-imagen-awards-winners-nominees/|title=2014 Imagen Awards Winners & Nominees|publisher=The Imagen Foundation|year=2014|accessdate=February 26, 2017}}</ref> |- | Onyinye Nhọrọ ụmụaka| {{Nom}} | style="text-align:center;" | <ref name="KCA-2014"/> |- | 2015 | Onyinye Nhọrọ ụmụaka| {{Nom}} | style="text-align:center;" | <ref name="KCA-2015"/> |- | 2017 | Onyinye Nhọrọ ụmụaka | ''Egwuregwu Shakers''| {{Nom}} | style="text-align:center;" | <ref name="KCA-2017">{{Cite web|author=Dani Levy|url=https://variety.com/2017/tv/news/nickelodeon-kids-choice-awards-nominations-2017-full-list-1201975603/|title=Justin Timberlake and Kevin Hart Lead Nickelodeon's Kids' Choice Awards Nominations|work=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]|date=February 2, 2017|accessdate=February 21, 2017}}</ref> |} == Ntụaka == gbara ya ajụjụ ọnụ mgbe ọ dị afọ 7. Mgbe ajụjụ ọnụ ahụ gasịrị, ọ pụtara na Ellen DeGeneres Show, bụ ebe ọ rụrụ otu rap mbụ ya dị ka Lil'P-{{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Benjamin,christopher,flores,jr.}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] q3ql5bhlvb1atb5xf61dnr4q74b6shu 0 48637 727549 580926 2026-09-24T07:38:36Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727549 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Reflist}} {{Databox}}'''Christine Adams''' (amuru 14 August 1974) bu onye omekorita Britain. A maara ya nke ọma maka ịkpọ Jessica na ''Batman Begins'' (2005), Lena Boudreaux na ''The Whole Truth'' (2010 – 2011), yana Lynn Pierce na ''Black Lightning'' (2018 – 2021). <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://thebritishblacklist.co.uk/tbb10-with-british-queen-of-sci-fi-fantasy-black-lightning-star-christine-adams/|title=#TBB10 with British queen of sci fi & fantasy, "Black Lightning" star, Christine Adams|work=The British Blacklist|author=Descant Deb|date=12 February 2018|accessdate=5 March 2022}}</ref> == Ndụ mbido == Amụrụ Adams na Brentwood, Essex wee tolite na Northampton . Ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ na Mahadum Middlesex . <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.tvguide.com/celebrities/christine-adams/bio/227697/|title=Christine Adams|work=TVGuide.com|accessdate=14 January 2018|archive-date=24 August 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200824053443/https://www.tvguide.com/celebrities/christine-adams/bio/227697/|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Ọrụ == Adams malitere ọrụ ime ihe nkiri na-agba egwu na obere usoro ''NY-LON'' na 2004. O mechara bụrụ ọbịa-kpakpando na ọtụtụ usoro telivishọn dị ka ''ezinụlọ m'', ''Dọkịta onye'', ''Pushing Daisies'', ''Heroes'' na ''Nip / Tuck'' na ''ezigbo di Hollywood'' na Kevin Hart. Ihe ngosi ihe nkiri ya gụnyere ''Submerged'', ''Batman Begins'', ''EyeThe Whole Truth'' dị ka Lena Boudreaux na 2010, yana FOX's ''Terra Nova'' dị ka Mira, onye ndu nke "Sixers", otu nnupụisi nke rutere na njem njem nke isii mana n'oge na-adịghị anya gbapụrụ megide Terra. Nova. <ref name="gshearer">{{Cite news|url=http://www.adelaidenow.com.au/ipad/big-ask-with-christine-adams/story-fn6ci13q-1226188711415|title=Big Ask with Christine Adams|first=Geoff|author=Shearer|work=The Advertiser|date=8 November 2011|accessdate=8 November 2011}}</ref> == Ndụ onwe onye == Dị ka nke 2012, Adams biri na Atlanta, Georgia na di ya na ụmụ ya nwanyị. Na 16 Ọktoba 2019, ọ ghọrọ nwa amaala US. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.instagram.com/p/B3sh08nnlhe/|title=Instagram}}</ref> == Ihe nkiri == === Ihe nkiri === {| class="wikitable sortable" !Year !Title !Role ! class="unsortable" |Notes |- |1999 |''The World Is Not Enough'' |Girl in Casino |Uncredited |- |2001 |''Willows'' |Woman |Short film |- |2004 |''(Past Present Future) Imperfect'' |Chrissie | |- |2005 |''Submerged'' |Dr. Susan Chappell |Video |- |2005 |''Batman Begins'' |Jessica | |- |2006 |''Eye of the Dolphin'' |Tamika | |- |2008 |''Green Flash'' |Sophie |Video |- |2010 |''Beneath the Blue'' |Tamika | |- |2010 |''Tron: Legacy'' |Claire Atkinson | |- |2011 |''{{sortname|The|Girl with the Dragon Tattoo|The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo (2011 film)}}'' |Barbados TV Reporter | |- |2015 |''Bad Blood'' |Tommy Bates | |- |2018 |''Profile'' |Vick | |- |2018 |''Spare Room '' |Doctor Eva Rae | |- |2021 |''The Unholy'' |Monica Slade | |- |2022 |''Moonshot'' |Jan | |- |2024 |''Miller's Girl'' |Joyce Manor |<ref>{{Cite web|author=Hipes|first=Patrick|date=2023-12-12|title=Jenna Ortega-Martin Freeman Movie ''Miller's Girl'' To World Premiere At Palm Springs Film Festival Ahead Of January Release; See First-Look Photo|url=https://deadline.com/2023/12/jenna-ortega-millers-girl-movie-photo-first-look-release-date-1235659454/|accessdate=2023-12-12|work=Deadline Hollywood}}</ref> |} === Igwe onyonyo === {| class="wikitable sortable" !Year !Title !Role ! class="unsortable" |Notes |- |1998 |''Noel's House Party'' | |Episode: "7.15" |- |2000 |''Where There's Smoke'' |Sandra |TV film |- |2001 |''EastEnders'' |P.C. |1 episode |- |2002 |''In Deep'' |Michelle |Episodes: "Abuse of Trust: Parts 1 & 2" |- |2002 |''Doctors'' |Amanda Caiton |Episode: "Tick Tock" |- |2002 |''My Family'' |Alicia |Episode: "One Flew Out of the Cuckoo's Nest" |- |2002 |''Casualty'' |Melanie Phillips |Episode: "Only the Lonely" |- |2003 |''Murder in Mind'' |Chloe |Episode: "Contract" |- |2003 |''Fortysomething'' |30something |Episode: "1.1" |- |2003 |''Stargate SG-1'' |Mala |Episode: "Birthright" |- |2004 |''NY-LON'' |Katherine Williams Osgood |Series regular, 6 episodes |- |2005 |''Doctor Who'' |Cathica |Episode: "The Long Game" |- |2005 |''Love Soup'' |Vanessa |Episode: "Take Five" |- |2006 |''Casualty'' |Lou Clark |Episode: "Worlds Apart" |- |2006 |''Hustle'' |Nigella |Episode: "The Henderson Challenge" |- |2006 |''Home Again'' |Kym |Series regular, 6 episodes |- |2007 |''Studio 60 on the Sunset Strip'' |Stefanie |Episode: "The Disaster Show" |- |2007-2009 |''Pushing Daisies'' |Simone Hundin |Episodes: "Bitches", "Dim Sum Lose Some", and "Water & Power" |- |2007 |''Journeyman'' |Georgina Conrad |Episode: "The Hanged Man" |- |2008 |''To Love and Die'' |Eddie |TV pilot |- |2009 |''Lie to Me'' |Farida Mugisha |Episode: "Do No Harm" |- |2009 |''Heroes'' |Dr. Madeline Gibson |Episode: "Hysterical Blindness" |- |2010 |''CSI: Miami'' |Nancy Thurman |Episode: "Show Stopper" |- |2010 |''Nip/Tuck'' |Dr. Sarah Kwinda |Episode: "Sheila Carlton" |- |2010–11 |''{{sortname|The|Whole Truth|The Whole Truth (TV series)}}'' |Lena Boudreaux |Series regular, 10 episodes |- |2011 |''Terra Nova'' |Mira |Series regular, 13 episodes |- |2012 |''Americana'' |Sierra Delon-Soulter |TV pilot |- |2014–2015 |''Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.'' |Agent Anne Weaver |Recurring role |- |2014 |''Legends'' |Hani Jibril |2 episodes |- |2014–15 |''The Mentalist'' |Lena Abbott |3 episodes |- |2015 |''Castle'' |Dr. Barbara Lillstrom |Episode: 'PhDead' |- |2016 |''Pure Genius'' |Giselle Overman |Episode: 'A Bunker Hill Christmas' |- |2016 |''Feed the Beast'' |Rie Moran |Series regular, 10 episodes |- |2018–2021 |''Black Lightning'' |Dr. Lynn Stewart/Lynn Pierce |Series regular |- |2018 |''Counterpart'' |Cara |3 Episodes |- |2019 |''Love, Death &amp;amp; Robots'' |Ivrina (voice) |Episode: "Sonnie's Edge" |- |2021 |''Castlevania'' |The Alchemist (voice) |2 episodes |- |2021 |''Ordinary Joe'' |Regina Diaz |Recurring |- |2023 |''The Mandalorian'' |Shuggoth (voice) |Episode: "Chapter 22: Guns for Hire" |- |2023 |''Hijack'' |Marsha Smith-Nelson |Main role |} == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}}na 2004. O mechara bụrụ ọbịa-kpakpando na ọtụtụ usoro telivishọn dị ka ezinụlọ m, Dọkịta onye, Pushing Daisies, Heroes na Nip / Tuck na ezigbo di Hollywood na Kevin Hart. Ihe ngosi ihe nkiri ya gụnyere == Njikọ mpụga == * {{IMDb name|10837|Christine Adams}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Adams, Christine}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 40g2tz9m143nrfvs1nwsccltbzvvlq2 0 49199 727442 177826 2026-09-23T23:51:01Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727442 wikitext text/x-wiki   [[Usòrò:Aureliogrisanty.jpg|thumb|Aurelio grisanty.]] Aurelio "Rail" Grisanty ( nání 1949 na Dominican Republic ) bụ onye na-ese ihe nkiri America, onye na-ese ihe, onye na-ese ihe, setịpụ na ejiji ejiji, onye ọchụnta ego, na onye isi ihe ọrụ nke Beach Town  Akwụkwọ mmado na-aga n'ihu usoro vintage Art Deco -style.  ụwa. == Ndụ mmalite na agụmakwụkwọ == A mụrụ Grisanty n'okpuru ọnọdụ mmegbu ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na Dominican Republic. Mgbe ọ bụ nwata, ọ nọrọ ọtụtụ awa n'ogige nna nna ya na-ekiri agba, textures na ọkụ. Grisanty dere, sị: "N'ebe ahụ, amụtara m otú e si ekpuchi akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ site na-acha uhie uhie. Olee otú, na-enweghị ìhè kpọmkwem, odo na-acha aja aja. Olee otú odo odo na-ekpughe reds na blues na nghọta. Na nwa adịghị adị. M mụtara na obere ihe nwere ike ime a nnukwu okwu na nke ọzọ, amụtara m na agwa mmadụ dị mgbagwoju anya dịka okike." Mgbe Grisanty dị afọ iri na ụma, ya na onye na-ese ihe Dominican Yoryi Morel ihe ihe osise site na 1963 ruo 1964, ime nka nka na ụzọ na Mexico City site na 1969 ruo 1974, wee imewe ime ụlọ na Universidad Nacional Pedro  Henríquez Ureña na Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic. <ref>Beach Town Posters - Artist Bio "".</ref> == Ọrụ == Site na 1974 ruo 1976, Grisanty haziri ma duzie ngalaba nka na Universidad Autónoma de Santo Domingo .  N'oge ahụ, ọ pụtara aka n'ichepụta ihe ngosi ihe nkiri na ejiji na Santo Domingo, na-eme maka nke Salome, nke onye na-ese ihe nkiri Jean-Louis Jorge duziri.  Grisanty wee jee ozi dị ka onye isi ngalaba na-ahụ maka usoro nke ụlọ ọrụ mgbasa ozi Retho Publicidad na Santo Domingo. Grisanty kwagara Washington, DC na 1984 wee gbasoo ọrụ dị ka onye na-ese ihe na ihe ọrụ.  Ọ kwagara na Rehoboth Beach, Delaware, na 2004. Otu afọ ka e ịhụ, ọ rụkọrọ ọrụ na akwụkwọ mmado Beach Town, ọtụtụ akwụkwọ mmado mara mma na-eme ememe obodo ndị dị n'ụwa America, nke emere n'ụdị Art.  Deco nke vintage.  Ihe mkpali maka akwụkwọ mmado Beach Town sitere na akwụkwọ mmado ezumike French nke na-achọ ebe obibi ya n'àgwà osimiri.  Grisanty bụ onye na-ese ihe maka usoro na-aga n'ihu. <ref>Bordsen, John (June 24, 2009). [https://web.archive.org/web/20121021114706/http://www.post-gazette.com/stories/sectionfront/life/artist-dips-into-french-flavored-past-for-posters-of-beach-life-346842/ "Artist Dips into French-Flavored Past for Posters of Beach Life"]. ''[[Pittsburgh Post-Gazette]]''. Retrieved October 3, 2010.</ref> Grisanty emeriela ọtụtụ ihe nrite maka ogbo ya na imewe ejiji ya na ọrụ nka nke ọ elebe.  Ihe ndị ahụ rụpụtara n'onwe ya sere ihe nri nri sitere iche sitere na ndị juri na Santo Domingo Art Biennial na 1976, na-eme mgbanwe ya " Onye-iche nke International Renown " n'oge usoro ịbụ nwa amaala nke US na 1997. === Ihe ngosi nke onwe ===   === Otu na ngosi ihe ngosi nka ===   == Hụkwa ==   * Ndepụta nke ndị nka America 1900 na mgbe ọ gasịrị * Ndepụta nke ndị na-ese ihe Dominican * Ndepụta ndị mmadụ si Delaware * Ndepụta ndị mmadụ si Washington, DC {{Clear}} == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * [http://www.BeachTownPosters.com Webụsaịtị akwụkwọ mmado Beach Town] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230926131015/http://grisanty.com/ Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ Aurelio Grisanty] [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 3r02aa22gyq9t8whibjkerxpkzrtmym 0 50339 727578 628822 2026-09-24T10:16:36Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727578 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Darron Gibson 2012 Sopot.jpg|thumb|Darron Gibson]] <nowiki>{{ Akụkọ ndụ bọọlụ Infobox | aha = Darron Gibson | oyiyi = Darron Gibson 2012 Sopot.jpg | Nkọwa okwu = Gibson na-akwado Republic of Ireland na 2012 | fullname = Darron Thomas Daniel Gibson | Ụbọchị ọmụmụ = </nowiki>{{Birth date and age|1987|10|25}} <ref name="11v11">{{Cite web|url=https://www.11v11.com/players/darron-gibson-49259/|title=Darron Gibson|work=11v11.com|publisher=AFS Enterprises|accessdate=29 December 2017}}</ref> | ebe omumu = [[Londonderry], Northern Ireland | elu = 6 ụkwụ 0 inch (1.83 m) <ref name="11v11" /><nowiki> | ụlọ oriri na ọṅụṅụ ugbu a = | ọnọdụ = Midfielder | youthyears1 = 2003–2004 |Youthclubs1 = Institute | youthyears2 = 2004–2005 |Youthclubs2 = Manchester United | afọ1 = 2005–2012 |clubs1 = Manchester United | caps1 = 31 | goolu1 = 3 | years2 = 2006–2007 |clubs2 = → Royal Antwerp (mbinye ego) |caps2 = 25 | mgbaru ọsọ2 = 1 | afọ3 = 2007–2008 |clubs3 = → Wolverhampton Wanderers (ego) |caps3 = 21 | mgbaru ọsọ3 = 1 | years4 = 2012–2017 |clubs4 = Everton |caps4 = 51 |goals4 = 2 | afọ5 = 2017–2018 |clubs5 = Sunderland |caps5 = 27 |goals5 = 0 | afọ6 = 2018–2019 | clubs6 = Wigan Athletic | caps6 = 18 | mgbaru ọsọ6 = 0 | years7 = 2020 |clubs7 = Salford City |caps7 = 3 |goals7 = 0 | afọ 8 = 2020–2021 | klọb8 = Salford City | caps8 = 4 | mgbaru ọsọ8 = 0 | ngụkọta ọnụ = 180 | ihe mgbaru ọsọ = 7 | nationalyears1 = 2003 |nationalteam1 = Republic of Ireland U17 |mba mba1 = 3 |goals1 = 0 | nationalyears2 = 2005 |nationalteam2 = Republic of Ireland U19 |mba mba2 = 9 |goals2 = 1 | nationalyears3 = 2007–2008 |nationalteam3 = Republic of Ireland U21 |nationalcaps3 = 2 |goals3 = 0 | nationalyears4 = 2006 |nationalteam4 = Republic of Ireland B |mba mba4 = 1 |goals4 = 0 | nationalyears5 = 2007–2016 |nationalteam5 = Republic of Ireland |mba mba5 = 27 |goals5 = 1 | mmelite klọb = 14:43, 19 Disemba 2020 (UTC) | nationalteam-update = 16:22, 27 Disemba 2017 (UTC)}} </nowiki>'''Darron Thomas Daniel Gibson''' (amụrụ 25 Ọktoba 1987) bụ [[Footbọl|onye egwuregwu bọọlụ]] bụbu onye Irish nke na-egwuri egwu dị ka onye ọkpọ egwuregwu . Ọ gbara bọọlụ mba Republic of Ireland . Amụrụ na Derry, Northern Ireland, ọ malitere ọrụ klọb ya na Institute tupu ọ banye Manchester United, onye o mere mpụta mbụ ọkachamara ya na 2005. Mgbe mgbazinye ego ya na Royal Antwerp nke Belgium na Wolverhampton Wanderers Championship, ọ meriri Njikọ Njikọ abụọ, aha Premier League na FIFA Club World Cup maka United, na-agbakọta egwuregwu 60 na ihe mgbaru ọsọ 10. Na Jenụwarị 2012, ọ sonyeere Everton maka ego a na-akọwaghị, ebe ọdịdị ya kwụsịrị site na 2013 n'ihi mmerụ ahụ. Ọ bịanyere aka na Sunderland na Jenụwarị 2017, wee pụọ site na nkwenye ọnụ na Machị 2018. Na njedebe nke ọrụ ọkachamara ya, ya na Wigan Athletic na Salford City nwere mkparịta ụka. Na 2007, Gibson nọ n'etiti esemokwu n'etiti Football Association of Ireland (FAI) na Irish Football Association (IFA), mgbe ọ họọrọ igwu egwu maka Republic of Ireland kama Northern Ireland . <ref>{{Cite news|first=Stuart|author=McKinley|title=Gibson can't play for Republic, says Wells|url=http://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/sport/football/international/article2201539.ece|work=Belfast Telegraph|date=31 January 2007|accessdate=7 July 2011}}</ref> E zigara FIFA okwu a ma kparịta ya na Mgbakọ Northern Ireland . <ref>{{Cite news|title=Fifa to discuss Irish player row|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/internationals/7138558.stm|publisher=BBC Sport|date=11 December 2007|accessdate=7 July 2011}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|title=Fifa unable to clarify Irish row|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/internationals/7147228.stm|publisher=BBC Sport|date=16 December 2007|accessdate=7 July 2011}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|title=Northern Ireland minister warns of sectarian divide|url=http://www.rte.ie/sport/soccer/2007/1210/northernirelandrepublicofireland.html|publisher=RTÉ Sport|date=10 December 2007|accessdate=7 July 2011}}</ref> Edere okwu a na 2010 mgbe ekwuputara na ndị amụrụ na Northern Ireland nwere ikike igwu egwu maka Republic ma ọ bụ Northern Ireland. <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/irish/8872065.stm|title=IFA fails to halt player exodus|publisher=BBC Sport|date=30 July 2010|accessdate=29 December 2017}}</ref> Gibson nọchitere anya Republic of Ireland na UEFA Euro 2012 . == Ọrụ klọb == === Manchester United === [[Usòrò:Darron_Gibson.JPG|thumb| Gibson na-egwu maka Manchester United Reserves na 2010]] A mụrụ Gibson na Derry, Northern Ireland. Onye bụbu nwa akwụkwọ nke St Columb's College, ọ gbara bọọlụ nke obere na Derry na District League, wee soro Institute tupu ọ banye Manchester United na 2004. <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.mirrorfootball.co.uk/opinion/blogs/mirror-football-blog/Ten-things-you-never-knew-about-United-wonderkid-Darron-Gibson-article240961.html|title=Ten things you never knew about United wonderkid Darron Gibson|work=Daily Mirror|date=1 December 2009|accessdate=29 June 2013}}</ref> O mere nnukwu mpụta mbụ ya maka United na 26 Ọktoba 2005 na egwuregwu Njikọ megide Barnet, na-abịa dị ka onye nọchiri anya Lee Martin . N'ime oge 2005–06 ọ na-egwuri egwu maka Manchester United Reserves mgbe niile, na-enyere ha aka imeri treble. Ọ gbara egwuregwu iri na itoolu, ọ gbara ugboro abụọ. Na May 2006, o meriri ihe nrite Jimmy Murphy a ma ama dị ka onye ntorobịa United nke afọ wee na-egwuri egwu mgbe niile maka ndị otu United agadi n'oge egwuregwu oge ọkọchị ha, yana Dong Fangzhuo, Jonny Evans, Fraizer Campbell na Danny Simpson . <ref name="jma">{{Cite web|title=Under 21 – 2006/2007 Squad Profile|url=http://www.fai.ie/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=921|publisher=Football Association of Ireland|date=11 August 2006|accessdate=7 July 2011|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090402073737/http://www.fai.ie/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=921|archivedate=2 April 2009}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">. Football Association of Ireland. 11 August 2006. Archived from [http://www.fai.ie/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=921 the original] on 2 April 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 July</span> 2011</span>.</cite></ref> Gibson bụ otu n'ime ọtụtụ ndị egwuregwu United nọrọ oge 2006-07 na mbinye ego na Royal Antwerp . <ref>{{Cite news|first=Mark|author=Buckingham|title=United five to go to Antwerp|url=http://www.skysports.com/story/0,19528,11667_2385226,00.html|publisher=Sky Sports|date=5 October 2006|accessdate=7 July 2011}}</ref> N'October 2007, a gbaziri ya ọzọ, oge a na Wolverhampton Wanderers, ebe ọ nọrọ ọtụtụ oge 2007-08 . <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.soccerbase.com/players/player.sd?player_id=42488|title=Darron Gibson|work=Soccerbase|accessdate=7 July 2011}}</ref> Na Wolves ọ gbara otu ugboro, megide Burnley na 8 Disemba 2007. <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_div_1/7122593.stm|title=Wolves 2–3 Burnley|publisher=BBC Sport|date=8 December 2007|accessdate=7 July 2011}}</ref> Gibson mere mbụ Njikọ Njikọ ya na 15 November 2008, na-apụta dị ka onye na-anọchi anya ọkara nke abụọ megide Stoke City, tupu ya emee UEFA Champions League mpụta mbụ ụbọchị iri ka e mesịrị, na-abịa dị ka onye nnọchi maka Darren Fletcher megide Villarreal na 25 November 2008. Na Disemba 2008, o so ndị otu United gaa na 2008 FIFA Club World Cup na Japan, ebe, n'agbanyeghị na ọ pụtaghị ihe ọ bụla, ọ nwetara nrite mmeri. Na 4 Jenuarị 2009, Gibson gbara goolu mbụ ya maka klọb ahụ, United nke atọ na mmeri 3–0 meriri Southampton na FA Cup agba nke atọ. Na 1 March 2009, Gibson malitere na etiti midfield n'akụkụ Paul Scholes megide Tottenham Hotspur na 2009 League Cup Final na Wembley Stadium, na-egwu nkeji 90 mbụ zuru ezu tupu Ryan Giggs dochie ya na mmalite nke oge ọzọ ka Manchester United gara. na iji merie 4-1 na penariti. <ref name="2009LC">{{Cite news|title=Man Utd 0–0 Tottenham (aet)|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/league_cup/7905889.stm|first=Phil|author=McNulty|publisher=BBC Sport|date=1 March 2009|accessdate=7 June 2009}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFMcNulty2009">McNulty, Phil (1 March 2009). [http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/league_cup/7905889.stm "Man Utd 0–0 Tottenham (aet)"]. BBC Sport<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 June</span> 2009</span>.</cite></ref> Na 24 Mee, ọ gbara bọọlụ mbụ ya maka Manchester United na egwuregwu ikpeazụ nke 2008–09 Premier League oge megide Hull City . <ref>{{Cite news|first=Ian|author=Hughes|title=Hull 0–1 Man Utd|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_prem/8048308.stm|publisher=BBC Sport|date=24 May 2009|accessdate=7 June 2009}}</ref> Enyere Gibson ụgwọ maka mgbatị afọ atọ na nkwekọrịta Manchester United ya, na-ejikọta ya na ụlọ ọrụ ruo mgbe ọ dịkarịa ala 2012. <ref>{{Cite web|first=Ben|author=Hibbs|title=Gibson agrees new deal|url=http://www.manutd.com/default.sps?pagegid={F9E570E6-407E-44BC-800F-4A3110258114}&newsid=6636290|publisher=Manchester United F.C.|date=15 July 2009|accessdate=15 July 2009}}</ref> Gibson bụ otu n'ime ọtụtụ ndị egwuregwu United na-eto eto bụ ndị bịara n'okpuru nkatọ mgbe ha meriri ihe ndekọ ụlọ afọ anọ na-enweghị mmeri na Europe, na-efunahụ 1-0 na Beşiktaş na Old Trafford . <ref>{{Cite news|first=Phil|author=McNulty|title=Man Utd 0–1 Besiktas|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/europe/8372974.stm|publisher=BBC Sport|date=25 November 2009|accessdate=25 November 2009}}</ref> Na 1 Disemba 2009, ụbọchị isii site na mmeri na Njikọ Njikọ, Gibson zara nkatọ ahụ site n'itinye ihe mgbaru ọsọ abụọ nke United na mmeri 2-0 megide Tottenham iji zipu United site na ọkara ikpeazụ nke Njikọ Njikọ . <ref>{{Cite news|first=Phil|author=McNulty|title=Man Utd 2–0 Tottenham|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/league_cup/8386148.stm|publisher=BBC Sport|date=1 December 2009|accessdate=1 December 2009}}</ref> Enyere Gibson ohere ibido n'asọmpi Champions League nke abụọ nke nkeji iri na ise megide Bayern Munich wee gbaa bọọlụ ogologo oge ka ọ gachara naanị nkeji atọ, goolu mbụ ya na asọmpi UEFA, mana n'agbanyeghị na ha meriri egwuregwu ahụ 3-2. Bayern ji ọkpụ goolu ọpụrụiche kụpụrụ ya na ngụkọta nke gwụchara 4-4. <ref>{{Cite news|title=Man Utd 3–2 Bayern Munich|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/europe/8604742.stm|publisher=BBC Sport|date=7 April 2010|accessdate=7 April 2010}}</ref> Ọ gbara goolu mbụ ya n'afọ 2010–11 ka ọ gbatara goolu mbụ United na mmeri 5–2 meriri Scunthorpe United pụọ na Njikọ Njikọ. <ref>{{Cite news|first=Mark|author=Ashenden|title=Scunthorpe 2–5 Man Utd|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/league_cup/9010117.stm|publisher=BBC Sport|date=22 September 2010|accessdate=22 September 2010}}</ref> Na February 2011, onye nchịkwa mba Gibson, Giovanni Trapattoni, gwara ya na ọ ghaghị ịhapụ Manchester United ka ọ gaa n'ihu n'ọrụ ya. <ref>{{Cite news|first=Ewan|author=Murray|title=Darron Gibson must leave Manchester United|url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2011/feb/09/darron-gibson-giovanni-trapattoni-ireland|work=The Guardian|date=9 February 2011|accessdate=9 February 2011}}</ref> Gibson gbara agba na agba nke abụọ nke asọmpi Champions League ka United meriri Schalke 4–1 (6–1 na mkpokọta) <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.manutd.com/en/Fixtures-And-Results/Match-Reports/2011/May/United-v-Schalke-report.aspx|title=Manchester United vs Schalke match report|publisher=Manchester United F.C.|date=4 May 2011|accessdate=26 May 2017}}</ref> mana ọ bụ otu n'ime ọtụtụ ndị egwuregwu si n'egwuregwu ahụ n'akụkụ Rafael, Evans, O'Shea. na Berbatov bụ ndị na-enweghị ike ime oche oche maka ngwụcha Champions League, nke United meriri Barcelona 3-1. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.manutd.com/en/Fixtures-And-Results/Match-Reports/2011/May/Barcelona-v-United-report.aspx|title=Barcelona v Manchester United|publisher=Manchester United F.C.|date=28 May 2011|accessdate=26 May 2017}}</ref> Sunderland kwadoro ego mbufe na United iji banye Gibson n'oge okpomọkụ nke 2011, mana Gibson enweghị ike ikwenye okwu nkeonwe. <ref name="move">{{Cite news|title=Darron Gibson joins Everton from Manchester United|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/16524150.stm|publisher=BBC Sport|date=13 January 2012|accessdate=13 January 2012}}</ref> O mechara mee ihe ngosi abụọ maka ụlọ ọgbakọ ahụ na oge 2011-12, n'agbanyeghị na enwere ọtụtụ ndị ọkpọ egwuregwu merụrụ ahụ na Old Trafford, wee hapụ klọb ahụ na Jenụwarị 2012. <ref>{{Cite news|first=Andy|author=Hunter|title=Darron Gibson poised to swap Manchester United for Everton|url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2012/jan/13/darren-gibson-manchester-united-everton|work=The Guardian|date=13 January 2012|accessdate=13 January 2012}}</ref> === Everton === Na 13 Jenụwarị 2012, Gibson bịanyere aka na Everton maka ego akọwapụtaghị. <ref>{{Cite web|first=Adam|author=Clark|title=Gibson signs on|url=http://www.evertonfc.com/news/archive/2012/01/13/gibson-signs-on|publisher=Everton F.C.|date=13 January 2012|accessdate=13 January 2012|archivedate=5 July 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120705085454/http://www.evertonfc.com/news/archive/2012/01/13/gibson-signs-on}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|first=Nick|author=Coppack|title=Darron Gibson joins Everton|url=http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Football-News/2012/Jan/darron-gibson-leaves-manchester-united-to-join-everton.aspx|publisher=Manchester United F.C.|date=13 January 2012|accessdate=13 January 2012}}</ref> Ọ ghọrọ onye ọkpụkpọ nke anọ gara aga United bịanyere aka na Everton n'okpuru David Moyes, na-esote Phil Neville, Tim Howard na Louis Saha . <ref>{{Cite news|first=Mark|author=Ogden|title=Manchester United misfit Darron Gibson set for £1&nbsp;million switch to Everton|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/columnists/mark-ogden/9011441/Manchester-United-misfit-Darron-Gibson-set-for-1-million-switch-to-Everton.html|work=The Daily Telegraph|date=13 January 2012|accessdate=13 January 2012|archive-date=13 January 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120113060718/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/columnists/mark-ogden/9011441/Manchester-United-misfit-Darron-Gibson-set-for-1-million-switch-to-Everton.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> O mere mpụta mbụ ya otu ụbọchị ka e mesịrị, ka ọ malitere na 1–1 sere na Aston Villa . <ref>{{Cite news|first=Chris|author=McKenna|title=Aston Villa 1–1 Everton|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_prem/16453098.stm|publisher=BBC Sport|date=14 January 2012|accessdate=14 January 2012}}</ref> Mgbe ọnwa ahụ gasịrị, Gibson meriri ihe mgbaru ọsọ mbụ ya maka ụlọ ọgbakọ ahụ na mmeri ụlọ 1-0 megide ndị isi otu Manchester City . <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_prem/16695861.stm|title=Everton 1–0 Man City|publisher=BBC Sport|date=31 January 2012|accessdate=1 February 2012}}</ref> Gibson gbara egwuregwu ugboro iri na otu na otu egwuregwu n'oge mbụ ya na klọb ahụ ma ọ kwụsịghị n'akụkụ ndị meriri otu ugboro. Ọ bụrụ na eburu oge ya na Manchester United n'uche, a na-agbatị ọnụ ọgụgụ a ruo egwuregwu 28 sochirinụ na-enweghị mmeri. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://eplindex.com/14856/everton-steven-pienaar-vital-dispensable-opta-stats.html|title=Everton – Steven Pienaar: Vital or Dispensable|first=Luke|author=O'Farrell|work=EPL Index|date=24 May 2012|accessdate=29 December 2017}}</ref> Ọsọ ahụ bịara na njedebe nke atọ Everton egwuregwu nke oge 2012–13, mgbe Gibson malitere na mmeri 0–2 na West Bromwich Albion, n'agbanyeghị na egwuregwu ahụ dị larịị na 0–0 mgbe a nọchiri Gibson na ọkara mbụ n'ihi. imerụ ahụ. <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/19377964|title=West Brom 2–0 Everton|first=Jonathan|author=Jurejko|publisher=BBC Sport|date=1 September 2012|accessdate=29 December 2017}}</ref> A chụpụrụ Gibson maka oge mbụ na ọrụ ya, na mmeri 2-1 na West Ham United na 22 December 2012, <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.goal.com/en-ie/news/3942/ireland/2012/12/24/3625690/irish-abroad-darron-gibson-sent-off-for-the-first-time-in|title=Irish Abroad: Darron Gibson sent off for the first time in his career|first=Ronan|author=Murphy|publisher=Goal.com|date=24 December 2012|accessdate=29 December 2017}}</ref> n'agbanyeghị na ndị Football Association kagburu kaadị uhie na mmachibido iwu na-esote ụbọchị ise ka e mesịrị. <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/20853419|title=Everton's Darron Gibson & West Ham's Carlton Cole win appeals|publisher=BBC Sport|date=27 December 2012|accessdate=29 December 2017}}</ref> Na 13 Eprel 2013, Gibson meriri ihe mgbaru ọsọ mbụ ya nke oge na mmeri ụlọ 2-0 megide Queens Park Rangers . Mmetụta ya na Everton na oge abụọ mbụ ya bụ na ụlọ ọrụ ahụ meriri 52% nke egwuregwu ọ na-egwu na naanị 25% nke ndị ọ na-emeghị, a na-eto Gibson dị ka isi njikọ dị n'etiti ọgụ na nchebe na ọtụtụ anya. -Arụ ọrụ nke ọma megide Tottenham, Manchester City na klọb mbụ ya Manchester United. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://eplindex.com/26974/darron-gibson-stats-manchester-united-misfit-merseyside-magician.html|title=Darron Gibson Stats: Manchester United Misfit to Merseyside Magician|first=Luke|author=O'Farrell|work=EPL Index|date=22 February 2013|accessdate=29 December 2017}}</ref> Gibson mere naanị otu egwuregwu n'oge oge 2013 – 14 ka ọ kwụsịrị na Ọktọba mgbe ọ merụrụ nnukwu mmerụ ahụ ikpere n'oge ọ na-arụ ọrụ mba ụwa.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2020)">a chọrọ nkọwa</span>]]'' &#x5D;</sup> === Sunderland === Gibson bịanyere aka na Sunderland, ya na onye otu Everton bụbu Bryan Oviedo, na Jenụwarị 2017. Ọ bịanyere aka n'akwụkwọ nkwekọrịta ọnwa 18 maka ego a na-akọwaghị. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.safc.com/news/team-news/2017/january/gibson-signs-18-month-deal|title=Confirmed: Gibson signs 18 month deal|first=Oscar|author=Chamberlain|publisher=Sunderland A.F.C.|date=30 January 2017|accessdate=30 January 2017}}</ref> O mere mpụta mbụ ya na 4 February dị ka onye nnọchi nkeji 52nd maka Jack Rodwell na mmeri 4 – 0 na Crystal Palace, <ref>{{Cite news|author=Glendenning|first=Barry|title=Sunderland's Jermain Defoe heaps misery on broken Crystal Palace|url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2017/feb/04/crystal-palace-sunderland-premier-league-match-report|accessdate=29 January 2019|work=The Observer|date=4 February 2017}}</ref> wee gbakọọ ngosipụta 12 ka Black Cats nwetara ọdịda na asọmpi. === Wigan Athletic === Na 3 Ọgọst 2018, Wigan Athletic bịanyere aka na Gibson na mbufe efu. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.wiganathletic.com/news/2018/august/wigan-athletic-confirm-signing-of-midfielder-darron-gibson/|title=Wigan Athletic confirm signing of midfielder Darron Gibson|publisher=Wigan Athletic F.C.|date=3 August 2018|accessdate=4 August 2018}}</ref> Ọ mere mpụta mbụ ya otu ụbọchị ka e mesịrị, na-egosi na mmeri 3–2 meriri Sheffield Wednesday . <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/44989047|title=Wigan 3-2 Sheffield Wednesday: Michael Jacobs scores twice for hosts - BBC Sport|publisher=BBC Sport|date=4 August 2018|accessdate=4 August 2018}}</ref> Na 6 October, a chụpụrụ ya na mmeri 4–0 na Preston North End maka mmejọ na Ben Pearson . <ref>{{Cite news|title=Result: Preston thump Wigan in fiery derby|url=https://www.sportsmole.co.uk/football/preston-north-end/result/result-preston-thump-wigan-in-fiery-derby_337987.html|accessdate=29 January 2019|publisher=Sports Mole|date=6 October 2018}}</ref> Wigan tọhapụrụ ya na njedebe nke oge 2018–19 . <ref>{{Cite web|title=2019-20 WIGAN ATHLETIC RETAINED LIST|url=https://www.wiganathletic.com/news/2019/may/2019-20-wigan-athletic-retained-list/|work=Wigan Athletic|accessdate=1 July 2019}}</ref> === Obodo Salford === Gibson bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta ọnwa isii na Salford City na 6 February 2020. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Darron Gibson signs for Salford City|url=https://salfordcityfc.co.uk/darron-gibson-signs-for-salford-feb20/|work=Salford City|accessdate=6 February 2020}}</ref> O mere mpụta mbụ ya maka ụlọ ọgbakọ ahụ na 19 February na mmeri nke otu egwuregwu bọọlụ nke Newport County, na-egwu egwuregwu zuru oke ma na-enye otu n'ime ntaramahụhụ na agbapụ. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Newport County 0–0 Salford City (5–6 penalties)|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/51494329|publisher=BBC Sport|accessdate=20 February 2020}}</ref> Salford tọhapụrụ ya na 17 Mee 2020 na-esochi [[Nje Korona|coronavirus]] manyere mkpebi ịkwụsị Njikọ Njikọ abụọ, <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/52699877|title=Darron Gibson: Republic of Ireland midfielder leaves Salford City after season ends|date=19 May 2020|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=19 May 2020}}</ref> mana emesịa banyeghachi na klọb ahụ tupu oge 2020-21; Mgbe ọ bịanyere aka n'akwụkwọ maka klọb ahụ maka oge nke abụọ, onye njikwa ya Graham Alexander kwuru na "nwere obi ụtọ". <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/53868984|title=Darron Gibson signs Salford City contract|date=21 August 2020|accessdate=10 September 2020|work=BBC}}</ref> Na 17 October, Gibson tara ahụhụ n'ụkwụ na egwuregwu megide Port Vale . <ref>{{Cite news|author=McDougall|first=John|url=https://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/scholes-salford-port-vale-defeat-19123025|title=Manchester United legend and interim Salford City boss Paul Scholes reacts to Port Vale defeat|date=17 October 2020|accessdate=28 February 2020|work=Manchester Evening News}}</ref> Na njedebe nke oge 2020-21, a mara ọkwa na ọ ga-ahapụ ụlọ ọgbakọ ahụ. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://salfordcityfc.co.uk/retained-and-released-2020-21/|title=Salford City Retained and Released List 2020–21|work=salfordcityfc.co.uk|date=15 May 2021|accessdate=16 May 2021}}</ref> == Nkwanye ugwu == '''Manchester United''' * Njikọ Njikọ : 2010–11 <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.premierleague.com/players/2942/Darron-Gibson/overview|title=Darron Gibson: Overview|publisher=Premier League|accessdate=29 December 2017}}</ref> * Iko Njikọ bọọlụ : 2008–09, <ref name="2009LC"/> 2009–10 <ref>{{Cite news|first=Phil|author=McNulty|title=Aston Villa 1–2 Man Utd|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/league_cup/8531179.stm|publisher=BBC Sport|date=28 February 2010|accessdate=28 February 2010}}</ref> * FIFA Club World Cup : 2008 <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablesf/fifa-wcc08-det.html|title=FIFA Club World Cup 2008|first=Hamdan|author=Saaid|publisher=Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation|date=8 September 2016|accessdate=29 December 2017}}</ref> '''Republic nke Ireland''' * Iko mba : 2011 <ref name="Soccerway">{{Cite web|url=https://uk.soccerway.com/players/darron-gibson/20491/|title=D. Gibson|work=Soccerway|publisher=Perform Group|accessdate=29 December 2017|archivedate=29 December 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171229160036/https://uk.soccerway.com/players/darron-gibson/20491/}}</ref> '''Onye''' * Jimmy Murphy Young Player nke Afọ : 2005–06 <ref name="jma"/> * FAI Young International Player nke Afọ : 2009 <ref name="award_2009">{{Cite web|title=FAI International Football Award winners announced|url=http://www.fai.ie/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=101142:fai-international-football-award-winners-announced&catid=1:senior-men&Itemid=8|publisher=Football Association of Ireland|accessdate=7 February 2011|date=8 August 2010|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131106022017/http://www.fai.ie/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=101142%3Afai-international-football-award-winners-announced&catid=1%3Asenior-men&Itemid=8|archivedate=6 November 2013}}</ref> * Ihe mgbaru ọsọ mba ụwa nke FAI nke afọ : 2011 <small>vs. Wales</small> <ref name="award_2011">{{Cite web|title=2012 Three FAI International Award Winners Announced|url=http://www.fai.ie/ireland/news/2012-three-fai-international-award-winners-announced|publisher=Football Association of Ireland|date=26 February 2012|accessdate=29 December 2017}}</ref> == Hụkwa == * Ndepụta nke ndị egwuregwu bọọlụ mba ụwa amụrụ na mpụga Republic of Ireland == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * [https://www.safc.com/players/1st-team/darron-gibson Darron Gibson profaịlụ] na Sunderland AFC webụsaịtị * [http://www.fai.ie/ireland/player/74714 Darron Gibson profaịlụ] na weebụsaịtị Football Association nke Ireland * Darron Gibson </img> * [http://www.soccerscene.ie/ss_gen/player.php?id=35&level=ss21 Profaịlụ Ireland] na Soccescene * [http://www.soccerscene.ie/ss_gen/player.php?id=294&level=ss19 Profaịlụ Ireland U17] na Soccescene {{DEFAULTSORT:Gibson, Darron}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] g1rc6q5t97z4o794n9ul6icbgsd0uf1 0 50894 727483 186124 2026-09-24T03:03:28Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727483 wikitext text/x-wiki   Black Girl Hockey Club bụ ọgbakọ anaghị akwụ ụgwọ na North America na-akwado maka ụmụ nwanyị ojii na hockey ice.[1] A na-eduzi nzukọ a iji "kpalie ma kwado mmasị maka egwuregwu hockey n'ime obodo ojii," kpọmkwem n'etiti ụmụ nwanyị ojii, ezinụlọ ha, ndị enyi na ndị enyi ha, yana "gbochie mwepụ na hockey dabere na agbụrụ, okike, mmekọahụ. ma ọ bụ ikike n'ihu ịkpa ókè agbụrụ nke ụlọ ọrụ, ọnụ ụzọ ego, na ịnweta mmemme." <ref>{{Cite web|author=Hess|first=Renee|date=|title=Black Girl Hockey Club|url=https://blackgirlhockeyclub.org/|accessdate=2020-10-09|work=Black Girl Hockey Club|language=en-US}}</ref> == Akụkọ ihe mere eme == E hiwere nzukọ a na Ọktoba 2018 site n'aka Renee Hess, onye osote onye isi na Mahadum La Sierra na Pittsburgh Penguins fan, dị ka otu nkata ịntanetị maka ụmụ nwanyị ojii na hockey. Hess na mbụ duziri ọmụmụ banyere ahụmịhe ụmụ nwanyị ojii na hockey, Black Hockey Research Project, na-ekwupụta na ọtụtụ ndị nwere ahụmahụ ịkpa oke n'egwuregwu yana na ọ bụ naanị ụmụ nwanyị ojii atọ na-egwu egwuregwu hockey ọkachamara na North America n'oge ahụ.[3] Ndị otu a tolitere ngwa ngwa, wee malite ịhazi nzukọ n'egwuregwu NHL na NWHL.[4] Emere nzukọ NHL mbụ na egwuregwu Washington Capitals na Disemba 16, 2018, ihe karịrị ndị otu 40 gara ya, gụnyere NWHLer Kelsey Koelzer.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Violi|first=Meredith|date=2019-03-08|title=Celebrating the Black Girl Hockey Club this Women's History Month|url=https://www.nbcsports.com/washington/capitals/celebrating-black-girl-hockey-club-womens-history-month|accessdate=2020-10-09|work=[[NBC Sports Washington]]|language=en}}</ref> Na Jenụwarị 2019, otu ahụ haziri mkpọsa iji nyere Minnesotan Kalei Forga dị afọ iri na abụọ aka ịnakọta ego ọ chọrọ iji kpọọ na 2019 World Selects Invitational na France. <ref>{{Cite web|author=|first=|date=2019-01-04|title='I Would Never Imagine This Happening': Wild's Matt Dumba Helps Give 12-Year-Old Girl Her Hockey Dream|url=https://minnesota.cbslocal.com/2019/01/04/i-would-never-imagine-this-happening-wilds-matt-dumba-helps-give-12-year-old-girl-her-hockey-dream/|accessdate=2020-10-09|work=[[CBS Minnesota]]|language=en-US}}</ref> Na Machị 2019, otu ahụ malitere usoro nke inweta asambodo na-enweghị uru.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Gulitti|first=Tom|date=2019-03-23|title=Black Girl Hockey Club growing in numbers, impact|url=https://www.nhl.com/news/black-girl-hockey-club-has-more-than-200-members-growing-impact/c-306061864|accessdate=2020-10-09|work=[[NHL]]|language=en-US|archive-date=2020-12-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201201183810/https://www.nhl.com/news/black-girl-hockey-club-has-more-than-200-members-growing-impact/c-306061864|url-status=dead}}</ref> N'afọ 2020, nzukọ ahụ kwupụtara mmemme agụmakwụkwọ mbụ ya na-achọ ịkwụ ụgwọ maka egwuregwu hockey maka ụmụ agbọghọ ojii dị afọ 9-18. <ref>{{Cite news|author=Santaniello|first=Gary|date=2020-09-17|title=A Black Fan Club Sought to Diversify N.H.L. Stands. Now They're Aiming at Its C-Suites.|language=en-US|work=[[The New York Times]]|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/09/17/sports/hockey/a-black-fan-club-sought-to-diversify-nhl-stands-now-theyre-aiming-at-its-c-suites.html|accessdate=2020-10-09}}</ref> N'ọnwa Septemba 2020, nzukọ ahụ malitere mkpọsa Get Uncomfortable, nke gụnyere usoro ndụmọdụ maka otu ụlọ ọrụ ndị na-etinye aka na ice hockey nwere ike isi nye aka na mmegide megide mmegbu nke obodo BIPOC ma rịọ ndị otu hockey ka ha kwe nkwa na ha ga-emebi ịkpa ókè agbụrụ n'ime na n'èzí ice. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Murphy|first=Mike|date=2020-09-24|title=Spotlight: Black Girl Hockey Club's "Get Uncomfortable" Campaign|url=https://www.blueshirtbanter.com/2020/9/24/21453686/spotlight-black-girl-hockey-clubs-get-uncomfortable-campaign|accessdate=2020-10-09|work=Blueshirt Banter|language=en}}</ref> N'afọ 2021, BGHC malitere mmemme ntụziaka maka ndị ọkachamara Black nke nwoke na nwanyị niile na-achọ itinye aka na hockey na ikike na-abụghị egwuregwu. Mpaghara ntụziaka sitere na mgbasa ozi mgbasa ozi na physiotherapy na foto. Enwere ọnwa isii abụọ kwa afọ mana ngwa na-emeghe maka ndị nduzi na ndị nwere mmasị n'afọ niile. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://blackgirlhockeyclub.org/mentorship-program/|title=Mentorship Program|date=May 7, 2021|accessdate=August 22, 2024|archivedate=October 5, 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20231005033110/https://blackgirlhockeyclub.org/mentorship-program/}}</ref> == Hụkwa == * Agbụrụ na agbụrụ na NHL * Ndị egwuregwu ojii na ice hockey * Misogyny na ice hockey == Ebem si dee == iymmaqq6enffbniv8awgk58ima0q9jh 0 51436 727421 390874 2026-09-23T15:14:35Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727421 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}   '''Anton Olehovych Kanibolotskyi''' ( Ukrainian ; amuru 16 Mee 1988) bu onye Ukrainian bu [[Footbọl|onye okacha amara n’egwuregwu bọọlụ]] nke gbara egwu dika onye nche nche . == Ọrụ == Kanibolotskyi malitere na Dnipro Dnipropetrovsk na 2005, na-egwuri egwu na squad nchekwa, tupu ebuli ya na otu nke mbụ iji mee egwuregwu mbụ ya na 1-0 meriri Tavriya Simferopol na 23 November 2008. Ọ nọrọ oge na mbinye ego na Kryvbas na 2010. O nwetara oku mbụ ya na ndị otu ndị isi Ukraine maka egwuregwu enyi na enyi 2 June 2010 megide Norway, n'agbanyeghị na ọ naghị egwu. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Anton Kanibolotskyi|url=http://www.uefa.com/teamsandplayers/players/player=1905028/profile/index.html|accessdate=18 September 2012|archive-date=12 April 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130412235138/http://www.uefa.com/teamsandplayers/players/player=1905028/profile/index.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ọ bụkwa onye otu egwuregwu bọọlụ mba Ukraine n'okpuru-21 . O mere ngụkọta nke ngosi 20 n'ofe asọmpi niile maka Dnipro. == Nkwanye ugwu == '''Shakhtar Donetsk''' : * Njikọ Njikọ nke Ukraine : 2012–13, 2013–14, 2016–17 * Iko Ukrainian : 2012–13, 2015–16, 2016–17 * Ukrainian Super Cup : 2013, 2014, 2015 '''Qarabağ''' : * Premier League nke Azerbaijan : 2017–18 == Ntụaka == nọrọ oge na mbinye ego na Kryvbas na 2010. O nwetara oku mbụ ya na ndị otu ndị isi{{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20080217234604/http://www.fcdnipro.dp.ua/content/en/players/kanibolotskiy.htm Profaịlụ na webụsaịtị Dnipro gọọmentị] * Anton Kanibolotskyi * Anton Kanibolotskyi </img> * [https://twitter.com/AntonK_official/ Twitter Official] [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 6upbuv33yrgpwm7219zmd2diqarxcwe 0 52348 727596 627878 2026-09-24T11:47:43Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727596 wikitext text/x-wiki Dimbeswar Das bụ onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Bharatiya Janata sitere na Assam. A họpụtara ya na ntuli aka ndị omebe iwu Assam na 2016 site na mpaghara Raha.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.assamtribune.com/scripts/detailsnew.asp?id=nov0516%2Fstate050|title=Raha celebrates National Unity Day|accessdate=15 November 2016|archivedate=23 January 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190123223519/http://www.assamtribune.com/scripts/detailsnew.asp?id=nov0516%2Fstate050}}</ref> <ref>[http://myneta.info/assam2016/candidate.php?candidate_id=750 My Neta]</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.outlookindia.com/newswire/story/assam-bjp-allies-secure-simple-majority/940519 |title=Assam: BJP, Allies Secure Simple Majority |access-date=2024-09-19 |archive-date=2019-04-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190419195222/https://www.outlookindia.com/newswire/story/assam-bjp-allies-secure-simple-majority/940519 |url-status=dead}}</ref> Na 19 Jenụwarị 2017, onye injinia wepụrụ ụgbọ ala Das na mpaghara Nagaon maka igbochi ụzọ ụlọ ọrụ.[4] E mere onye injinia ahụ ịrịọ mgbaghara maka ihe ahụ mere site na imetụ ụkwụ Das aka. == Ebem si dee == {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Das, Dimbeswar}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] aea0e49mpxmozmrg4ukm3jh6m9odqft 0 52494 727449 540209 2026-09-24T00:27:03Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727449 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}  '''Ayelet Waldman''' ( Hebrew , amuru Disemba 11, 1964) bu onye ode akwukwo na onye edemede Israel-Amerika . Odela akwụkwọ akụkọ omimi asaa na usoro ''The Mommy-Track Mysteries'' na akwụkwọ akụkọ anọ ndị ọzọ. Odewokwa edemede akụkọ ndụ gbasara ịbụ nne. Waldman nọrọ afọ atọ na-arụ ọrụ dị ka onye na-agbachitere ọha na eze gọọmenti etiti na akụkọ ifo ya na-adọta ahụmahụ ya dị ka onye ọka iwu. == Akụkọ ndụ == A mụrụ Ayelet Waldman na [[Jerusalem]], Israel. Nne na nna ya ochie nọ n'akụkụ abụọ bụ [[Jew|ndị Juu]] si Ukraine kwabata na North America na mmalite narị afọ nke 20. Nna ya, Leonard, sitere na Montreal, Canada, mana o bi na [[Israel]] mgbe ọ zutere nne ya, Ricki. Mgbe ha lụchara, ha kwagara [[Jerusalem|Jeruselem]] . <ref name="people">Espinoza, Galina [http://www.people.com/people/archive/article/0,,20138774,00.html "Author, Author"], ''People'', December 16, 2002. Retrieved August 25, 2010.</ref> Mgbe Agha Ụbọchị isii gasịrị na 1967, ezinụlọ ahụ laghachiri na Montreal, mgbe ahụ [[Àlá mmírí Rhode|Rhode Island]], <ref name="SFCprofile">[https://archive.today/20130202064645/http://articles.sfgate.com/2003-10-22/entertainment/17514014_1_drug-policy-federal-drug-uc-berkeley "Profile: Ayelet Waldman"], ''San Francisco Chronicle'', October 22, 2003. Retrieved August 25, 2010.</ref> mechara biri na Ridgewood, New Jersey, mgbe Waldman nọ na klas nke isii. <ref>Seligman, Katherine. [http://www.sfgate.com/magazine/article/Ayelet-Unfiltered-Berkeley-writer-Ayelet-2620769.php "Ayelet, Unfiltered / Berkeley writer Ayelet Waldman's bald honesty about putting her husband first made her a magnet for controversy. Would she take any of it back?"], ''[[San Francisco Chronicle]]'', July 24, 2005. Accessed November 18, 2017. "Waldman said she's always felt somewhat like an outsider. Born in Israel -- where her parents moved after they married and she lived for her first two years -- she spent most of her childhood in Ridgewood, N.J., an affluent town about 25 miles but a world away from New York City."</ref> A zụlitere ya n'ezinụlọ [[Jew|ndị Juu]], gaa ụlọ akwụkwọ Hibru na ogige okpomọkụ nke ndị Juu, ma biri na kibbutz na Israel otu afọ mgbe ọ nọ na klas nke iri. O kwuwo na nne na nna ya bụ ndị na-ekweghị na Chineke, ma ndị Juu, nakwa na "ndụ ya dum mikpuru n'okpukpe ndị Juu, kama n'ụdị ndị Juu nke Labour-Zionist." N'agbanyeghị nke a, ọ naghị eme ememe ịghọ [[Bar mitzvah|bat mitzvah]] . == Ọrụ iwu na agụmakwụkwọ == Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na ụlọ akwụkwọ iwu, Waldman kwadoro onye ọka ikpe gọọmenti etiti, rụọ ọrụ na nnukwu ụlọ ọrụ iwu ụlọ ọrụ na New York maka otu afọ, wee kwaga California na Michael Chabon, ebe ọ ghọrọ onye ọka iwu na-agbachitere mpụ. Waldman bụ onye nchekwa ọha gọọmentị etiti afọ atọ na Central District nke California. <ref name="SFCprofile"/> Chabon kwuru n'ụbọchị mbụ ha na ọ bụ ebumnuche ya ilekọta ụmụ ya ka nwunye ya nwee ike ịchụso ọrụ ya, nke o mere mgbe ha mụsịrị ụmụ mbụ na nke abụọ. <ref name="thompson">Thompson, Bob, [https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2009/05/04/AR2009050403451.html "Bad Mother's Day: Ayelet Waldman takes on the cultural disquiet over parenting", ''Washington Post'', May 5, 2009]. Retrieved August 25, 2010.</ref> Mgbe amuchara nwa mbụ ya, ọ nwara ịgbanye ọrụ iwu na ịzụ nwa, wee hapụ ọrụ ya ka ya na di ya na nwa ya nọrọ. Nke a adịteghị aka. <ref name="Oregonlive">Duin, Steve [http://blog.oregonlive.com/steveduin/2009/02/lunch_with_michael_chabon_and.html "Lunch with Michael Chabon and Ayelet Waldman"], ''Oregon Live'', February 5, 2009. Retrieved August 25, 2010.</ref> == Ọrụ edemede == Waldman edewo ihe dị iche iche na ntanetị ma bipụta akụkọ banyere ịzụ nwa mgbe ọ nọ n'ụlọ na ezumike ọmụmụ mgbe ọ mụsịrị nwa mbụ ya <ref name="memmot">Memmot, Carol, [https://www.usatoday.com/life/books/news/2006-02-23-waldman_x.htm "Maternal ambivalence is Ayelet Waldman's baby"], ''USA Today'', February 23, 2006. Retrieved August 25, 2010.</ref> <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20110725105238/http://hotmetalbridge.org/2007/02/super-secret-michael-chabon-ayelet-waldman-visit/ "Super-secret Michael Chabon & Ayelet Waldman visit"], Hot Metal Bridge, February 5, 2007. (Retrieved on August 25, 2010.)</ref> na ọzọ mgbe ọ hapụsịrị ọrụ ya dị ka onye na-agbachitere ọha. <ref name="people"/> Ọ na-ekwu n'oge dị iche iche na ya họọrọ ide n'ihi na ọ bụghị dị ka ọrụ na-ewe oge dị ka iwu, <ref name="kasriel">Kasriel, Alex, [https://web.archive.org/web/20211024004852/https://www.thejc.com/arts/arts-interviews/interview-ayelet-waldman "Interview: Ayelet Waldman"], ''The Jewish Chronicle Online'', July 16, 2009. Retrieved August 25, 2010.</ref> n'ihi na o nyere ya ihe ọ na-eme n'oge naptimes, <ref>Briggett, Marlissa, [http://harvardmagazine.com/2003/03/quantity-time.html "Quantity time"], Harvard Magazine, March–April 2003. (Retrieved on August 27, 2010.)</ref> na-eme ka ọ na-atụrụ ndụ, n'ihi agụụ onye ọ ga-achị ọchị njakịrị ya na-agụ ya <ref name="kinsella">Kinsella, Bridget, [https://web.archive.org/web/20110724021923/http://www.publishersweekly.net/pw/print/20060102/8754-the-bad-mommy-.html "The Bad Mommy: Ayelet Waldman takes the heat and keeps on writing"], December 30, 2005.(Retrieved on August 27, 2010.)</ref> na n'ihi na ọ nyere ya ụzọ isi kwụsị ịlaghachi ọrụ. <ref name="ybarra">Ybarra, Michael, [https://web.archive.org/web/20121103170205/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/latimes/access/418736831.html?FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=ARRAY(0xb006c34)&date=Oct+5,+2003&author=Michael+J.+Ybarra&pub=Los+Angeles+Times&edition=&startpage=E.4&desc=Style+&+Culture%3B+Taking+on+the+law%3B+Ayelet+Waldman+lashes+out+at+drug+sentencing+in+her+new+novel. "Taking on the Law: Ayelet Waldman lashes out at drug sentencing in her new novel"], ''Los Angeles Times'', October 5, 2003. Retrieved August 25, 2010.</ref> == Igwe onyonyo == N'etiti 2015 na 2019, Waldman rụrụ ọrụ na mmepe nke ihe ngosi telivishọn Netflix a ma ama ''nke a na-apụghị ikweta ekweta'' . O kere ya na nwunye ya Michael Chabon na onye edemede ochie bụ Susannah Grant . O nwere echiche mbụ maka ihe ngosi ahụ mgbe ọ gụchara akụkọ Pulitzer na-emeri, ọ dabeere na: " Akụkọ Na-adịghị ekwenye ekwenye nke Rape ". <ref>{{Cite web|author=Yu|first=Brandon|date=September 26, 2019|title='Unbelievable' creator Ayelet Waldman says series about rape helped her heal from her own|url=https://datebook.sfchronicle.com/movies-tv/unbelievable-creator-ayelet-waldman-says-series-about-rape-helped-her-heal-from-her-own|accessdate=2020-12-30|work=San Francisco Chronicle|language=en-US}}</ref> Ọ na-edekọ na Michael Chabon ihe omume nke ''Star Trek: Picard'', a na-akwụkwa ya dị ka onye na-emepụta ihe na-emepụta ihe na nkeji ise. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Ayelet Waldman|url=http://www.imdb.com/name/nm2307279/|accessdate=2020-12-30|work=IMDb}}</ref> Di ya bụ onye na-eme ihe ngosi na oge mbụ. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Otterson|first=Joe|date=2019-06-27|title='Star Trek: Picard' Names Michael Chabon Showrunner|url=https://variety.com/2019/tv/news/star-trek-picard-michael-chabon-showrunner-1203254625/|accessdate=2020-12-30|work=Variety|language=en-US}}</ref> == Ime ihe == N'oge 2008 Presidential primaries na nhoputa ndi ochichi n'ozuzu, Waldman kwalitere ma kwalite ego na nkwado nke [[Barack Obama]], na-eme dika onye ọrụ afọ ofufo oge nile, na-ekwu okwu na ndị na-enye ego; <ref>Brostoff, Marissa, [http://www.forward.com/articles/14130/ "Chabon and Waldman: The Couple That Kvells Together"], Forward.com, September 4, 2008. (Retrieved on August 25, 2010.)</ref> a họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ onye nnọchi anya na Mgbakọ Mba Democratic nke 2008 . <ref name="NYMagblog">[https://web.archive.org/web/20181120141108/http://nymag.com/author/ayelet%20waldman/ "Ayelet Waldman's blog relating to the 2008 Presidential Election at New York Magazine (2008)"]. (Retrieved on August 25, 2010.)</ref> Na 26 Eprel 2024, ndị uwe ojii Israel jidere Waldman (ya na isii ndị ọzọ, gụnyere ndị rabaị atọ) ka ọ na-agbalị ibugara ndị Palestine nri n'ime Gaza. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.jta.org/2024/04/26/israel/israeli-police-arrest-author-ayelet-waldman-and-6-others-in-gaza-border-protest|title=Israeli police arrest author Ayelet Waldman and 6 others in Gaza border protest|date=26 April 2024}}</ref> Di ya Michael Chabon kwuru n'oge ahụ, "Ọ nọ n'ebe ahụ na otu ìgwè ndị rabaị America, [[Rabbis for Ceasefire|#rabbis4ceasefire]], iji gosi ụwa, ndị Gaza, na ndị Juu ibe ha na Israel, na gburugburu ụwa ihe okpukpe ndị Juu na-akụzi. : ikpe ziri ezi, ebere, udo, ebere, ntọhapụ.” <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.instagram.com/reel/C6OUqBNLGpf/?utm_source=ig_web_copy_link&igsh=MzRlODBiNWFlZA==|title=Instagram}}</ref> == Ọrụ ebipụtara == === Akwụkwọ akụkọ omimi "Mommy-Track". === * ''Mpụ ụmụaka'' (2000) * ''Nnukwu ụra'' (2001) * ''Egwuru egwu ya na ọnwụ'' (2002) * ''Ọnwụ na-ewe oge'' (2003) * ''Ụlọ egwuregwu igbu ọchụ'' (2004) * ''The Crad Robbers'' (2005) * ''Bye-Bye, Nwa Atụrụ'' (2006) === Akwụkwọ akụkọ ndị ọzọ === * ''Onye na-elekọta nwa nwanyị'' (2003) * ''Ịhụnanya na nchụso ndị ọzọ na-agaghị ekwe omume'' (2006) * ''Ụzọ Red Hook'' (2010) Ụbọchị abụọ * ''Ịhụnanya na akụ'' (2014) Hodder &amp;amp; Staughton . [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-1-4447-6311-9|978-1-4447-6311-9]] === Akụkọ ifo === * ''Nne na-adịghị mma: Akụkọ ihe mere eme nke mpụ nke nne, obere ọdachi, na oge amara nke oge ụfọdụ'' (2009) * ''Ụbọchị dị mma n'ezie: ka Microdosing si mee Mega ọdịiche na ọnọdụ m, alụmdi na nwunye m, na ndụ m'' (2017) == Ntụaka == agbalị ibugara ndị Palestine nri n'ime Gaza. [1] Di ya Michael Chabon kwuru n'oge ahụ California na Michael Chabon, ebe ọ ghọrọ onye ọka iwu na-agbachitere mpụ. Waldman bụ onye nchekwa onweChabon kwuru n'oge ahụ California na Michael Chabon, ebe ọ ghọrọ onye ọka iwu na-{{Reflist|2}} == Njikọ mpụga ==   * [https://web.archive.org/web/20020324115246/http://ayeletwaldman.com/ AyeletWaldman.com] * Ajụjụ ọnụ Fresh Air ya na Terry Gross [https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=103794433 Radio gbara ajụjụ ọnụ "Ayelet Waldman's Memoir nke 'Nne Ọjọọ'"] : NPR, 5 Mee 2009 * Nne Jones (akwụkwọ akụkọ) [https://web.archive.org/web/20100829063516/http://motherjones.com/podcast/mojo-podcast-bad-mother-author-ayelet-waldman "Podcast: 'Nne ọjọọ' Onye edemede Ayelet Waldman"], Septemba 26, 2009 * [http://archive.ttbook.org/ayelet-waldman Ayelet Waldman], Ruo Kachasị Mma nke Ihe Ọmụma Anyị, Wisconsin Public Radio * Mkparịta ụka ya na Chancellor: [https://web.archive.org/web/20101118031055/http://berkeley.edu/news/chancellor/bim/jan_04.html "Ajụjụ Ayelet Waldman"], Mahadum California, Berkeley, Jenụwarị 26, 2004 * [https://www.nytimes.com/2017/01/07/style/microdosing-lsd-ayelet-waldman-michael-chabon-marriage.html Kedu ka LSD 'Microdosing' si zọpụta alụmdi na nwunye Ayelet Waldman], ''New York Times''  [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] edx4q2eo4nexk2nel5pn68qbiv68hab 0 52629 727412 207814 2026-09-23T14:36:57Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727412 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}  '''Anita Dunn''' ( née '''Babbitt''' ; amuru Jenụwarị 8, 1958) bụ onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị America nke jere ozi dị ka onye ndụmọdụ onye isi ala US Joe Biden, na-ejide ọkwa site na Jenụwarị 20, 2021, ruo Ọgọst 12, 2021, <ref>{{Cite web|author=Ward|first=Myah|title=Top Biden adviser Anita Dunn leaves White House|url=https://www.politico.com/news/2021/08/12/biden-adviser-anita-dunn-white-house-504216|accessdate=2021-08-12|work=[[Politico]]|date=August 12, 2021|language=en}}</ref> na ọzọ site na Mee 5, 2022 ruo Ọgọst 2024. <ref>[https://www.cbsnews.com/news/anita-dunn-white-house-returning/ Top Biden adviser Anita Dunn to return to White House - CBS News.com]</ref> Ọ na-eje ozi ugbu a dị ka onye ndụmọdụ dị elu na Future Forward PAC. <ref name="DunnResignation">{{Cite web|url=https://www.cnn.com/2024/07/30/politics/anita-dunn-biden-harris/index.html|title=Longtime Biden aide Anita Dunn departing the White House|first=Donald|author=Judd|date=2024-07-30|work=CNN|accessdate=2024-09-02}}</ref> Na mbụ, ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye na-eme ihe ngosi nke White House Communications Director na Obama White House. Ọzọkwa, ọ jere ozi dị ka onye isi njikwa na SKDK, ụlọ ọrụ nkwukọrịta atụmatụ dị na [[Washington, D.C.|Washington, DC]], <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.skdknick.com/staff/anita-dunn/|title=Anita Dunn|work=SKD Knickerbocker|accessdate=November 12, 2018}}</ref> na onye ndụmọdụ na mgbanwe onye isi ala Biden . <ref name="biden">{{Cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/joe-biden-appoints-jen-omalley-dillon-as-new-campaign-manager/2020/03/12/9fbde70e-63fd-11ea-845d-e35b0234b136_story.html|work=[[The Washington Post]]|title=Joe Biden appoints Jen O'Malley Dillon as new campaign manager|author=Scherer|first=Michael|authorlink=Michael Scherer|date=March 12, 2020|accessdate=March 12, 2020}}</ref> Dunn arụwo ọrụ na mkpọsa onye isi oche Democratic isii n'ime afọ 40. <ref name="Atlantic-Dunn">{{Cite news|author=Dovere|first=Edward-Isaac|date=November 30, 2020|title=The Mastermind Behind Biden's No-Drama Approach to Trump|url=https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2020/11/anita-dunn-biden-adviser/617185/|work=[[The Atlantic]]|accessdate=February 8, 2021}}</ref> == Ndụ mmalite na agụmakwụkwọ == A zụlitere Dunn na Bethesda, Maryland, ada Albert E. Babbitt na Carol (Hutto) Babbitt. Nwanne nna ya bụ onye na-ede egwú modernist Milton Babbitt . Ọ gara ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị Walter Johnson, gụsịrị akwụkwọ na 1976. O nwetara nzere bachelọ nke Arts na Mahadum Maryland, College Park . <ref>{{Cite web|title=Discover the Networks {{!}} Anita Dunn|url=https://www.discoverthenetworks.org/|accessdate=2021-01-16|work=Discover The Networks}}</ref> == Ọrụ == Dunn malitere ọrụ ya na [[Jimmy Carter|Carter]] White House, <ref name="post">{{Cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2009/10/14/AR2009101403850.html?hpid=moreheadlines|work=[[The Washington Post]]|title=Profile of Anita Dunn, White House Communications Director|first=Jason|author=Horowitz|date=October 14, 2009|accessdate=April 25, 2010}}</ref> nke mbụ dị ka onye nkuzi maka onye isi mgbasa ozi White House Gerald Rafshoon wee rụọ ọrụ maka onye isi ndị ọrụ Hamilton Jordan . {{Cite news|url=https://www.politico.com/story/2009/04/anita-dunn-heads-to-the-white-house-021959|title=Anita Dunn heads to the White House|author=Martin|first=Jonathan|date=April 30, 2009|work=[[Politico]]|accessdate=November 12, 2018}}</ref> === Obama mkpọsa === N'April 2008, a mara ọkwa na Dunn, bụ onye sonyeere mkpọsa Obama na February, ga-abụ onye nduzi nke nkwukọrịta, amụma na ọrụ nyocha maka Obama maka America, bụ ebe o nwere aha Senior Adviser <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.politico.com/blogs/ben-smith/2008/07/in-the-obama-press-shop-010263|title=In the Obama press shop|work=[[Politico]]|accessdate=November 13, 2018|language=en}}</ref> ma bụrụ otu n'ime ndị ahụ. ndị isi mkpebi nke mkpọsa Obama. E gosipụtara ya dị ka otu n'ime ndị ndụmọdụ anọ kachasị elu (ya na David Axelrod, David Plouffe, na Robert Gibbs ) na ajụjụ ọnụ ''60 nkeji'' e mere mgbe ahụ- President Obama's November 4, 2008, okwu mmeri na Grant Park, [[Chicago|Chicago, Illinois]] . A kọwara ya, na ajụjụ ọnụ ''nke 60 nkeji'', dị ka, "onye ọhụụ ọhụrụ nke na-edozi nkwukọrịta, nyocha na amụma." <ref>[https://www.cbsnews.com/news/obamas-inner-circle-shares-inside-story/ "Obama's Inner Circle Shares Inside Story".] </ref> === Onye isi nkwukọrịta White House === Dunn jere ozi dị ka onye isi nkwukọrịta ozi nke White House nwa oge site na Eprel ruo Nọvemba 2009. <ref name="politico">{{Cite news|url=https://www.politico.com/story/2009/04/anita-dunn-heads-to-the-white-house-021959|title=Anita Dunn heads to the White House|author=Martin|first=Jonathan|date=April 30, 2009|work=[[Politico]]|accessdate=November 12, 2018}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFMartin2009">Martin, Jonathan (April 30, 2009). </cite></ref> <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/files/documents/Fellows-Fall-2009-Newsletter.pdf|title=White House Fellows|work=obamawhitehouse|accessdate=November 15, 2018}}</ref> O butere ụzọ na nkatọ ọchịchị Obama na Fox News Channel, <ref>Horowitz, Jason. </ref> <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2009/10/12/business/media/12fox.html?_r=4&amp;pagewanted=all|title=Fox's Volley With Obama Intensifying|author=Stelter|first=Brian|date=October 11, 2009|work=[[The New York Times]]|accessdate=November 15, 2018}}</ref> na-akatọ nkatọ siri ike megide ọpụrụiche pụtara ìhè na-akwado ndị [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican Party]] na megide Bill Ayers na ACORN . <ref name="White House Escalates">{{Cite news|url=http://www.foxnews.com/politics/2009/10/12/white-house-escalates-war-words-fox-news|title=White House Escalates War of Words With Fox News|date=October 12, 2009|accessdate=October 20, 2009|publisher=[[Fox News Channel|Fox News]]|archive-date=October 17, 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091017000624/http://www.foxnews.com/politics/2009/10/12/white-house-escalates-war-words-fox-news/|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref name="reliable sources">{{Cite news|url=http://transcripts.cnn.com/TRANSCRIPTS/0910/11/rs.01.html|title=CNN Reliable Sources|date=October 11, 2009|publisher=[[CNN]]|accessdate=November 1, 2009}}</ref> === N'etiti mkpọsa === Mgbe ọ hapụsịrị White House, Dunn sonyeere SKDK. N'ime oge a, a maara Dunn dị ka "ezigbo enyi nke President Obama." <ref>{{Cite news|author=Lichtblau|first=Eric|date=2011-12-09|title=With Lobbying Blitz, For-Profit Colleges Diluted New Rules|language=en-US|work=[[The New York Times]]|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2011/12/10/us/politics/for-profit-college-rules-scaled-back-after-lobbying.html|accessdate=2020-05-26}}</ref> Ọ bụ ezie na ọ na-arụ ọrụ maka ụlọ ọrụ na-agba ọsọ, ihe ndekọ White House na-egosi na Dunn nọgidere na-enwe njikọ siri ike na nchịkwa ahụ, na-eleta ihe karịrị 100 ugboro n'etiti ọpụpụ ya na 2009 na 2012. <ref name="Lichtblau">{{Cite news|author=Lichtblau|first=Eric|date=2012-10-19|title=Strategizing for the President, and Corporate Clients, Too|language=en-US|work=[[The New York Times]]|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2012/10/20/us/politics/anita-dunn-both-insider-and-outsider-in-obama-camp.html|accessdate=2020-05-27}}</ref> N'otu oge ahụ ụlọ ọrụ ahụ mara ọkwa "nnukwu mgbasawanye" na-emesi ike nkwukọrịta usoro na ọrụ nkwado maka azụmahịa. <ref name="nytimes.com">{{Cite news|author=Lichtblau|first=Eric|date=2012-10-19|title=Strategizing for the President, and Corporate Clients, Too|language=en-US|work=[[The New York Times]]|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2012/10/20/us/politics/anita-dunn-both-insider-and-outsider-in-obama-camp.html|accessdate=2020-05-26}}</ref> Ụlọ ọrụ ahụ gbakwunyere ihe dị ka iri na abụọ ndị na-ahụ maka nchịkwa Obama ka ndị ọrụ ụlọ ọrụ ahụ na-abawanye okpukpu abụọ. <ref name="Lichtblau" /> N'ime ndị isi ahịa ụlọ ọrụ ahụ weghaara bụ General Electric, AT&amp;amp;T, Time Warner, na Pratt &amp;amp; Whitney . <ref name="nytimes.com" /> Karịsịa, ndị ahịa ụlọ ọrụ SKDKnickerbocker agụnyela ụlọ ọrụ ndị na-arụrịta ụka dị ka ụlọ ọrụ Kaplan University na TransCanada Corp., onye mmepụta nke Keystone XL pipeline. <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2012/10/20/us/politics/anita-dunn-both-insider-and-outsider-in-obama-camp.html?pagewanted=2&_r=1&|work=[[The New York Times]]|first=Eric|author=Lichtblau|title=Anita Dunn, Both Insider and Outsider in Obama Camp|date=October 19, 2012}}</ref> === Mgbasa ozi === N'oge ọrụ ya, Dunn abụrụla onye ọbịa ma ọ bụ onye nchịkọta akụkọ na ''Daily Show'', ''60 Minutes'', ''Zute Press'', ''Face the Nation'', ''CBS Morning This Morning'', ''MTP Daily'', ''N'oge awa a'', ''njedebe: White House'', <nowiki><i id="mwtw">Izu a</i></nowiki>, na <nowiki><i id="mwuQ">State nke Njikọ</i></nowiki> . A gbara Dunn ajụjụ ọnụ maka akwụkwọ akụkọ abụọ, ''The Circus: Inside the Greatest Political Show on Earth'' na ''JFK: Ime ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nke oge a'' . <ref>{{Cite web|title=Anita Dunn|url=http://www.imdb.com/name/nm3922219/|accessdate=2021-01-16|work=IMDb}}</ref> === 2012 Obama mkpọsa === N'oge mkpọsa Obama nke 2012, Dunn nyeere Obama aka ịkwado maka arụmụka ahụ. <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2012/10/20/us/politics/anita-dunn-both-insider-and-outsider-in-obama-camp.html?pagewanted=all&_r=0|title=Anita Dunn, Both Insider and Outsider in Obama camp|work=[[The New York Times]]|first=Eric|author=Lichtblau|date=October 19, 2012}}</ref> Mgbe onye nta akụkọ Lee Fang jụrụ Dunn ma ọ chere na ọ bụ "ihe na-adịghị mma" inye ndụmọdụ maka ntuli aka ntuli aka nke Barack Obama na 2012 "mgbe ọtụtụ ụlọ ọrụ na-akwụ ụgwọ n'otu oge iji kwado ime mgbanwe ya," Dunn kwuru na nzaghachi ya, "M na-arụ ọrụ na ụfọdụ. ụlọ ọrụ n'ihi na eziokwu nke okwu bụ na anyị nọ na ọchịchị onye kwuo uche ya na enwere mkparịta ụka na ndị mmadụ nwere ikike ịnụ ihe na eziokwu bụ na ọtụtụ oge mgbe mụ na ndị mmadụ na-arụkọ ọrụ, ha nwere akụkọ gwa anyi gwa ya." <ref>{{Cite web|date=2012-02-03|title=Video: Anita Dunn Defends Her Dual Role As White House Advisor, Influence Peddler|url=https://www.republicreport.org/2012/anita-dunn-lobby/|accessdate=2020-09-14|work=Republic Report|language=en-US}}</ref> == Ntụaka == ala US Joe Biden, na-ejide ọkwa site na Jenụwarị 20, 202ruo Ọgọst 12, 2021, [1] na ọzọ site na Mee 5,1, ruo Ọgọst 12, 2021, [1] na ọzọ site na Mee 5, 2022 ruo Ọgọst 2024. [2] Ọ na-eje ozi ugbu a dị ka onye ndụmọdụ dị == Njikọ mpụga == *   * Appearances on C-SPAN [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 8mw53pwwgsd76vue2n2uuw33z2sre58 0 53024 727509 194847 2026-09-24T04:43:41Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727509 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=Caley Chelios|birth_date={{Birth year and age|1993}}|birth_place=[[Chicago, Illinois]], U.S.|alma mater=[[Northwestern University]]|occupation=Sports journalist, color commentator}} '''Caley Chelios''' (amụrụ 1993) bụ onye nta akụkọ na onye nyocha ihe nkiri maka Chicago Blackhawks, na onye bụbu onye nta akụkọ / onye na-akọwa agba redio maka Tampa Bay Lightning . O meela ọtụtụ ihe ngosi na NHL Network na ESPN . <ref name="Blazing her own path">{{Cite web|url=https://lightninginsider.com/index.php/blog/805-chelios-out-to-blaze-her-own-path-along-the-hockey-trail-with-tampa-bay-lightning|author=Erik Erlendsson|title=Caley Chelios out to blaze her own path along the hockey trail with Tampa Bay Lightning|work=lightninginsider.com|accessdate=27 September 2019|archivedate=28 September 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190928041709/https://lightninginsider.com/index.php/blog/805-chelios-out-to-blaze-her-own-path-along-the-hockey-trail-with-tampa-bay-lightning}}</ref> == Ndụ mbido == A mụrụ ya na [[Chicago|Chicago, Illinois]] . Nna ya bụ Hockey Hall nke Famer Chris Chelios . Ụmụnne ya nwoke Dean na Jake Chelios gbakwara hockey maka Mahadum Michigan State, Jake gbakwara obere oge maka Detroit Red Wings nke National Hockey League (NHL). O nwekwara nwanne nwanyị nke obere aha ya bụ Tara, onye dịka onwe ya, na-egwu lacrosse na Northwwest . <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/sports/college/ct-chelios-lacrosse-spt-0423-20150422-story.html|author=Philip Hersh|title=Chris Chelios' lacrosse-playing daughters: 'tough and mean'|work=chicagotribune.com|date=22 April 2015|accessdate=28 August 2021}}</ref> == Ụlọ akwụkwọ kọleji == Ọ natara akara mmụta lacrosse na Mahadum Northwwest. Ọ na-egwuri egwu afọ anọ na ndị otu lacrosse ụmụ nwanyị wee weghara NCAA National Championship n'afọ ọhụrụ ya wee gaa n'ihu na-eme ngosi anọ ikpeazụ ugboro atọ. <ref name="Caley's bio">{{Cite web|url=https://nusports.com/sports/womens-lacrosse/roster/caley-chelios/814|title=Caley Chelios NU profile|work=nusports.com|accessdate=8 March 2020}}</ref> Ọ gụrụ nzikọrịta ozi na sociology. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Welcome Caley Chelios, new Lightning reporter|url=https://www.nhl.com/lightning/news/welcome-caley-chelios-new-lightning-reporter/c-283104650|work=NHL.com|date=26 October 2016|accessdate=27 September 2019|archive-date=28 September 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190928041703/https://www.nhl.com/lightning/news/welcome-caley-chelios-new-lightning-reporter/c-283104650|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ọ banyere na Northwestern University's Medill School of Journalism ebe ọ nwetara nzere Masters. O nwere ohere ịkọ akụkọ maka ọtụtụ mmemme egwuregwu dị iche iche gụnyere 2016 NHL Winter Classic na 2016 NFL Draft mgbe ọ nọ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ grad. == Ntụaka == maka Mahadum Michigan State, Jake gbakwara obere oge maka Detroit Red Wings{{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 2fczpfi68kmtwhyv4ki4dbdk3btqudp 0 54001 727388 192050 2026-09-23T12:00:21Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727388 wikitext text/x-wiki  {{Databox}} '''Alison Ruth Mercer''' ONZM (amụrụ 1954) bụ ọkà mmụta anụmanụ nke New Zealand dabere na Mahadum Otago, <ref name="bio">{{Cite web|url=http://www.otago.ac.nz/zoology/staff/otago008927.html|title=Professor Alison Mercer, Our People, Department of Zoology, University of Otago, New Zealand|publisher=Otago.ac.nz|date=16 February 2016|accessdate=20 October 2017}}</ref> nwere mmasị pụrụ iche na physiology ụbụrụ nke aṅụ. A họpụtara ya onye otu National Academy of Sciences na 2022. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.nasonline.org/news-and-multimedia/news/2022-nas-election.html|title=2022 NAS Election|access-date=2024-10-21|archive-date=2022-05-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220510102559/http://www.nasonline.org/news-and-multimedia/news/2022-nas-election.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Agụmakwụkwọ == Mercer nwetara PhD na zoology na 1979 na Mahadum Otago. Akwụkwọ akụkọ ya ''Visceral innervation na molluscs'' metụtara molluscs. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://otago.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/DUNEDIN:All:OTAGO_ALMA21116006390001891|title=Visceral innervation in molluscs. – Dunedin Campus|date=|publisher=Otago.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com|accessdate=20 October 2017}}</ref> == Ọrụ agụmakwụkwọ == Ọ bụ onye prọfesọ emeritus na Mahadum Otago kemgbe 2018. <ref>{{Cite web|date=2018|title=University of Otago Annual Report 2018|url=https://www.otago.ac.nz/about/official-documents/otago710847.pdf|accessdate=2021-09-25|work=University of Otago|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200919222906/https://www.otago.ac.nz/about/official-documents/otago710847.pdf|archivedate=19 September 2020}}</ref> Mmasị nyocha ya sitere na nghọta ụbụrụ na omume nke aṅụ mmanụ aṅụ, mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa mmepe, yana mmụta na ebe nchekwa. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.otago.ac.nz/zoology/staff/otago008927.html|title=Professor Alison Mercer|work=www.otago.ac.nz|language=en-nz|accessdate=2018-07-26}}</ref> O meela akụkọ ugboro ugboro n'akwụkwọ akụkọ a ma ama na nyocha ya banyere mmetụta kemịkal na aṅụ. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2007/07/070719-bee-control.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070822163858/http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2007/07/070719-bee-control.html|archivedate=22 August 2007|title=Queen Bees "Brainwash" Workers With Chemicals|publisher=News.nationalgeographic.com|date=|accessdate=20 October 2017}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|author=Amber Dance|url=http://www.sfgate.com/news/article/Queen-bees-use-mind-control-to-keep-young-workers-2580400.php|title=Queen bees use mind control to keep young workers in line|date=21 July 2007|accessdate=20 October 2017}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.techtimes.com/articles/138002/20160303/pesticide-dumbs-down-bees-causes-deficits-in-memory-and-learning.htm|title=Pesticide 'Dumbs Down' Bees, Causes Deficits In Memory And Learning : SCIENCE|publisher=Tech Times|date=3 March 2016|accessdate=20 October 2017}}</ref> ''Otago Daily Times'' kpọrọ ya "Queen of all pheromones" maka ọrụ ya n'ịchọpụta na ikpughe nwa aṅụ na pheromone nke eze nwanyị a na-agbanwe n'ezie nhazi nke ụbụrụ aṅụ na-eto eto. <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.odt.co.nz/queen-all-pheromones|title=The queen of all pheromones|date=2008-12-08|work=[[Otago Daily Times]]|accessdate=2018-07-26|language=en}}</ref> O bipụtakwala na varroa mite a nsogbu parasaiti nke honeybees. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Rachel Graham|url=http://www.radionz.co.nz/news/national/296034/researchers-hope-for-varroa-bee-mite-breakthrough|title=Researchers hope for varroa bee mite breakthrough|work=[[Radio New Zealand News]]|date=8 February 2016|accessdate=20 October 2017}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal|title=On the Front Line: Quantitative Virus Dynamics in Honeybee (Apis mellifera L.) Colonies along a New Expansion Front of the Parasite Varroa destructor|journal=PLOS Pathogens|volume=10|issue=8|pages=e1004323|date=21 August 2014|doi=10.1371/journal.ppat.1004323|pmid=25144447|author=Mondet|first=Fanny}}</ref> == Ihe nrite na nkwanye ugwu == Na 2008 Queen's Birthday Honors, Mercer a họpụtara onye ọrụ nke New Zealand Order of Merit, maka ọrụ na sayensị. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://dpmc.govt.nz/publications/queens-birthday-honours-list-2008|title=Queen's Birthday honours list 2008|date=2 June 2008|publisher=Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet|accessdate=28 December 2019}}</ref> == Ọrụ ahọpụtara ==   *   *   *   *   == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 8shff5ldpo0clibw233ujrfkghdjvhd 0 54419 727399 516281 2026-09-23T13:24:48Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727399 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Amy hennig gdca 2019 cropped.jpg|thumb|Amy Hennig]] Amy Hennig (amuru Ọgọst 19, 1964) [1] [2] bụ onye ode akwụkwọ egwuregwu vidiyo America na onye isi, bụbu maka ụlọ ọrụ egwuregwu vidiyo Naughty Dog. Ọ malitere ọrụ ya na ụlọ ọrụ na Nintendo Entertainment System, ya na mpụta mbụ ya na egwuregwu Super Nintendo Entertainment System Michael Jordan: Chaos in the Windy City. O mechara rụọ ọrụ maka Crystal Dynamics, na-arụ ọrụ na usoro Legacy of Kain (nke ọ na-ewere na ọ rụzuru nnukwu ihe).[3] Ya na Naughty Dog, ọ rụrụ ọrụ na usoro Jak na Daxter na Uncharted, nke ikpeazụ o kere. == Ndụ == Hennig gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Mahadum California, Berkeley na nzere bachelọ na akwụkwọ Bekee.[1] Ọ gara n'ụlọ akwụkwọ ihe nkiri na San Francisco State University, mgbe e goro ya dị ka onye na-ese ihe maka egwuregwu Atari akpọrọ ElectroCop.[1] Ọrụ ya na egwuregwu ahụ mere ka ọ ghọta na ụlọ ọrụ egwuregwu vidio nwere mmasị na ya karịa ụlọ ọrụ ihe nkiri; ọ kwụsịrị ịga ụlọ akwụkwọ ihe nkiri n'oge na-adịghị anya.[1] Hennig ekwuola na ogo akwụkwọ ya na ihe nkiri fim enyerela ya aka n'ọrụ ya: "Ihe niile m mụtara dị ka onye na-agụghị akwụkwọ na akwụkwọ Bekee na ụlọ akwụkwọ ihe nkiri banyere idezi na gbaa na asụsụ nke ihe nkiri abanyela n'egwuregwu, ma n'ụzọ m na-apụghị ' t ikekwe ha zubere. "<ref name="LATimes"/> == Ọrụ == Hennig arụwo ọrụ na ụlọ ọrụ egwuregwu vidiyo kemgbe ngwụcha afọ 1980.[1] Ọtụtụ n'ime ọrụ mbụ ya gụnyere egwuregwu na Nintendo Entertainment System, ebe a na-arụ ya n'ọrụ dị ka onye na-ese ihe na ihe nkiri.[2] Ọrụ mbụ ya bụ onye na-ese ihe na-akwụghị ụgwọ maka Electrocop, egwuregwu Atari 7800 na-ewepụtabeghị, dabere na aha mmalite Atari Lynx.[3] Mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, ọ sonyeere Electronic Arts dị ka onye na-eme ihe nkiri na onye na-ese ihe, na-arụ ọrụ na aha enweghị aha, Bard's Tale 4, na Desert Strike. O mechara kwaga n'ichepụta na iduzi egwuregwu vidiyo<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.gameinformer.com/b/features/archive/2010/12/02/storytellers-of-the-decade_3a00_-amy-henning-interview.aspx|title=Storytellers of the Decade: Amy Hennig Interview|first=Meagan|author=Marie|publisher=GameInformer|accessdate=January 12, 2011|archivedate=September 10, 2012|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20120910081233/http://www.gameinformer.com/b/features/archive/2010/12/02/storytellers-of-the-decade_3a00_-amy-henning-interview.aspx}}</ref> Afọ abụọ ka e were ya n'ọrụ na Electronic Arts, Hennig rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye na-ese ihe na Michael Jordan: Chaos in the Windy City . <ref name="GSW">{{Cite web|url=http://www.gamesetwatch.com/2006/08/20-week/|title=Game Mag Weaseling': Mag Roundup 8/26/06|author=Gifford|first=Kevin|date=August 26, 2006|publisher=GameSetWatch. Think Services|accessdate=February 1, 2010|archivedate=March 30, 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190330233120/http://www.gamesetwatch.com/2006/08/20-week/}}</ref> Otú ọ dị, mgbe onye na-emepụta ihe kwụsịrị, Hennig nwetara ọrụ ahụ.<ref name="LATimes"/> Na ngwụcha afọ 1990, ọ kwagara na Crystal Dynamics, ebe o nyere Silicon Knights aka na mmepe nke Blood Omen: Legacy of Kain .<ref name="G4">{{Cite web|date=February 6, 2009|title=Uncharted Territory: The Evan Wells and Amy Hennig 'Uncharted 2' Interview|url=http://g4tv.com/thefeed/blog/post/693071/uncharted-territory-the-evan-wells-and-amy-hennig-uncharted-2-interview.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120523153539/http://www.g4tv.com/thefeed/blog/post/693071/uncharted-territory-the-evan-wells-and-amy-hennig-uncharted-2-interview/|archivedate=23 May 2012|accessdate=February 1, 2010|work=[[G4 (U.S. TV channel)|G4]]|publisher=[[G4 Media (TV company)|G4 Media]]}}</ref> Mgbe e mesịrị, ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye nduzi, onye mmepụta, na onye edemede maka Legacy of Kain: Soul Reaver . <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.gamespot.com/ps/adventure/legacyofkainsoulreaver/tech_info.html|title=Legacy of Kain: Soul Reaver Tech Info|year=2010|publisher=[[GameSpot]]. [[CBS Interactive]]|accessdate=February 1, 2010}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.allgame.com/game.php?id=21151&tab=credits|title=Legacy of Kain: Soul Reaver|year=2009|publisher=[[Allgame]]. [[All Media Guide]]|accessdate=February 1, 2010|archivedate=November 14, 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141114110440/http://www.allgame.com/game.php?id=21151}}</ref> Ọ duziri ma dee ''Soul Reaver 2'' na Legacy of Kain: Defiance . <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://g4tv.com/thefeed/blog/post/699904/launch-primer----uncharted-2-among-thieves.html|title=Launch Primer – Uncharted 2: Among Thieves|author=Pfister|first=Andrew|date=October 13, 2009|work=[[G4 (U.S. TV channel)|G4]]|publisher=[[G4 Media (TV company)|G4 Media]]|accessdate=February 1, 2010|archivedate=August 29, 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170829035818/http://g4tv.com/thefeed/blog/post/699904/launch-primer----uncharted-2-among-thieves.html}}</ref> Hennig hapụrụ Crystal Dynamics iji rụọ ọrụ dị ka onye nduzi okike maka Naughty Dog . <ref name="G4"/> O nyere aka na usoro ''Jak na Daxter'' tupu ọ rụọ ọrụ dị ka onye nduzi egwuregwu maka Uncharted: Drake's Fortune, na dị ka onye isi edemede na onye nduzi okike maka usoro Uncharting.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.gamezone.com/news/09_21_07_02_10PM.htm|title=Fortune Telling: Naughty Dog's Amy Hennig discusses Uncharted: Drake's Fortune|author=Hopper|first=Stephen|year=2007|publisher=GameZone. GameZone Online|accessdate=February 1, 2010|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150226002237/http://www.gamezone.com/news/09_21_07_02_10PM.htm|archivedate=February 26, 2015}}</ref> Na Uncharted 2: Among Thieves, Hennig duziri otu mmadụ 150 nke mepụtara egwuregwu ahụ, yana ime ihe dị ka onye edemede.<ref name="LATimes">{{Cite news|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2010-feb-07-la-fi-himi7-2010feb07-story.html|title=How I Made It: Amy Hennig|author=Fritz|first=Ben|date=February 7, 2010|work=[[Los Angeles Times]]|accessdate=February 26, 2010}}</ref> Mgbe ọ duziri ma dee maka Uncharted 3: Drake's Deception ma malite ịrụ ọrụ na Uncharting 4: A Thief's End maka PlayStation 4, Hennig hapụrụ Naughty Dog na 2014. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.usgamer.net/articles/amy-hennig-interview-uncharted-4-leaving-ea-ragtag-star-wars|title=The Amy Hennig Interview: On What Changed With Uncharted 4, Leaving EA, and What's Next|author=Caty McCarthy|publisher=[[US Gamer]]|date=February 28, 2019|accessdate=May 14, 2021|archivedate=May 15, 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210515224201/https://www.usgamer.net/articles/amy-hennig-interview-uncharted-4-leaving-ea-ragtag-star-wars}}</ref> N'April 2014, Hennig sonyeere Todd Stashwick egwuregwu Visceral iji rụọ ọrụ na Project Ragtag, egwuregwu Star Wars.[1] A kọrọ na October 2017, na EA na-emechi Visceral Games na ọrụ Star Wars ha na-egbu oge ma kwaga na studio ọzọ iji nye ohere maka "mgbanwe dị ịrịba ama". Onye nnochite anya EA gwara Polygon na EA na "na Amy na-akparịta ụka gbasara ihe ọzọ ọ ga-eme."[2] Hennig kwuputara na June na-esote na ọ hapụrụ EA na Jenụwarị wee malite obere ụlọ ihe nkiri iji chọpụta nhọrọ ndị metụtara egwuregwu eziokwu.. N'ọnwa Nọvemba 2019, Hennig kwupụtara na ya sonyeere Skydance Media iji malite ngalaba ọhụrụ n'ebe ahụ, Skydance New Media, maka "ahụmahụ ọhụrụ na-elekwasị anya na akụkọ ga-eji ihe osise kọmputa dị elu iji nye ntụkwasị obi anya nke telivishọn na ihe nkiri, mana yana ahụmịhe na-arụsi ọrụ ike, nke na-etinye ndị na-ege ntị n'oche onye ọkwọ ụgbọala".<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.eurogamer.net/articles/2019-11-18-amy-hennig-joins-skydance-media-to-create-new-story-focused-experiences|title=Amy Hennig joins Skydance Media to create "new story-focused experiences"|first=Matt|author=Wales|date=November 18, 2019|accessdate=November 18, 2019|work=[[Eurogamer]]}}</ref> Stashwick kwuru na Mee 2021 na ya na Hennig na-arụkọ ọrụ na egwuregwu egwuregwu; na Septemba, a kpughere na nke a bụ Forspoken.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.videogameschronicle.com/news/uncharted-director-amy-hennig-reunites-with-star-wars-writer-for-new-adventure-game/|title=Uncharted director Amy Hennig reunites with Star Wars writer for new adventure game|date=May 20, 2021}}</ref> Hennig na Stashwick so n'òtù edemede n'akụkụ Gary Whitta na Allison Rymer . <ref name="Forspoken">{{Cite web|url=https://blog.playstation.com/2021/09/09/journey-with-frey-to-forspokens-fantastical-world-next-spring/|title=Journey with Frey to Forspoken's fantastical world next spring|author=Mitsuno|first=Raio|work=[[PlayStation Blog]]|publisher=[[Sony Interactive Entertainment]]|date=September 9, 2021|accessdate=September 10, 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210909215712/https://blog.playstation.com/2021/09/09/journey-with-frey-to-forspokens-fantastical-world-next-spring/|archivedate=September 9, 2021}}</ref> N'ọnwa Ọktoba 2021, Skydance New Media mechara kwupụta na ya na Marvel Entertainment na-arụkọ ọrụ iji mepụta egwuregwu ọhụrụ na-eme ihe omume nke ga-ewere ọnọdụ na Marvel Universe. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.polygon.com/22752745/marvel-games-amy-hennig-skydance-new-media|title=Marvel announces new project with Amy Hennig's new game studio|first=Petrana|author=Radulovic|date=October 29, 2021|accessdate=October 29, 2021|work=[[Polygon (website)|Polygon]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.theverge.com/2021/10/29/22752875/amy-hennig-marvel-game-skydance-new-media|title=Uncharted creative director Amy Hennig is making a Marvel game|work=The Verge|date=October 29, 2021|author=Jay Peters|accessdate=October 30, 2021}}</ref> Na Septemba 2022, a kpughere na ọ bụ egwuregwu Captain America na Black Panther na-enweghị aha.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Birch|first=Nathan|date=2022-09-09|title=Captain America and Black Panther WWII Team-Up from Amy Hennig Confirmed by Teaser Trailer|url=https://wccftech.com/captain-america-black-panther-wwii-amy-hennig-confirmed/|accessdate=2024-01-04|work=Wccftech|language=en-US}}</ref> Na Machị 2024, a kpughere aha egwuregwu ahụ dị ka Marvel 1943: Rise of Hydra . N'ọnwa Eprel 2022, Skydance New Media na Lucasfilm Games kwupụtara na ha na-arụ ọrụ na akụkọ na-akpali akpali, egwuregwu "nke gosipụtara akụkọ mbụ na ụyọkọ kpakpando Star Wars", na Hennig na-eduzi.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Amy Hennig and Skydance New Media Creating New Star Wars Game|url=https://www.starwars.com/news/amy-hennig-skydance-new-media-star-wars-game|accessdate=2022-04-19|work=StarWars.com|language=en-US}}</ref> == Ụdị edemede == Hennig kwenyere na okwu ahụ bụ "platformer" bụ ihe mgbe ochie ma jiri ya mee ihe n'ụzọ na-ezighi ezi na ọtụtụ egwuregwu nke oge a, na-ahọrọ okwu dị iche dị ka "traversal" maka ụfọdụ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://multiplayerblog.mtv.com/2007/11/19/naughty-dog-we-need-a-new-word-for-platformer/|title=Naughty Dog: We Need A New Word For "Platformer"|author=John|first=Tracey|date=November 19, 2007|publisher=MTV Multiplayer Blog. [[MTV]]|accessdate=February 1, 2010|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080120134158/http://multiplayerblog.mtv.com/2007/11/19/naughty-dog-we-need-a-new-word-for-platformer/|archivedate=January 20, 2008}}</ref> N'afọ 2007, o kwuru na ndị na-emepụta egwuregwu vidio na-echegbu onwe ha banyere ihe osise. O buru amụma na ka teknụzụ egwuregwu na-akawanye mma, ndị mmepe ga-enyocha site na iji eserese maka ngosipụta okike kama ịbụ eziokwu.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.1up.com/features/future-games|title=The Future of Games|author=Ashley|first=Robert|date=June 18, 2007|publisher=[[1UP.com]]. [[UGO Networks]]|accessdate=February 1, 2010|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110622064448/http://www.1up.com/features/future-games|archivedate=June 22, 2011}}</ref> Ọ na-ejikarị ihe odide na-akwado iji mee ka akụkụ àgwà nke ihe odide ndị ọzọ pụta ìhè site na mmekọrịta dị n'ime edemede ahụ. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, Chloe Frazer na-arụ ọrụ dị ka ihe mgbochi maka Nathan Drake, na-eme ka akụkụ ndị gbara ọchịchịrị nke àgwà ya na oge gara aga pụta ìhè.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.eurogamer.net/articles/uncharted-2-among-thieves-launch-interview|title=Uncharted 2: Among Thieves|author=Purchese|first=Robert|date=October 16, 2009|publisher=[[Eurogamer]]. Eurogamer Network|accessdate=February 1, 2010|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100123024840/http://www.eurogamer.net/articles/uncharted-2-among-thieves-launch-interview|archivedate=January 23, 2010}}</ref> Site n'ọrụ ya na usoro Uncharted, Hennig kọwara ederede na atụmatụ ahụ dị ka "ọnụ ọbara" nke ụdị egwuregwu vidio. <ref name="G4"/> O meriri Writers Guild of America Video Game Writing Awards abụọ na mgbakwunye na ọtụtụ onyinye ndị ọzọ maka ọrụ ya na Uncharted 2 na Uncharded 3 .<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.gamasutra.com/view/news/27348/Uncharted_2_Hennig_Take_WGA_Award.php|title=Uncharted 2, Hennig Take WGA Award|author=Alexander|first=Leigh|date=February 23, 2010|publisher=[[Gamasutra]]. Think Services|accessdate=February 26, 2010|archive-date=February 24, 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100224234614/http://www.gamasutra.com/view/news/27348/Uncharted_2_Hennig_Take_WGA_Award.php|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Mmetụta na ihe nketa == A kpọtụrụ Hennig aha dị ka ihe atụ nke nwanyị na-aga nke ọma na ụlọ ọrụ ndị nwoke na-achịkwa n'akụkọ ihe mere eme, na otu ụmụ nwanyị si arụ ọrụ dị mkpa n'ime ya. Hennig n'onwe ya na-ekwu na ọ hụbeghị ịkpa ókè nwoke na nwanyị na ụlọ ọrụ ahụ, mana echiche dị iche iche sitere n'aka ụmụ nwoke nọ na ụlọ ọrụ a enyerela aka n'oge ụfọdụ.<ref name="LATimes"/> Magazin vidio UK ''Edge'' kpọrọ ya otu n'ime ụmụ nwanyị 100 kachasị emetụta na ụlọ ọrụ egwuregwu. E nyere Hennig onyinye pụrụ iche BAFTA na June 2016. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.gamasutra.com/view/news/273422/BAFTA_honors_veteran_game_designer_Amy_Hennig_with_a_Special_Award.php|title=BAFTA honors veteran game designer Amy Hennig with a Special Award|first=Alex|author=Wawro|date=May 24, 2016|accessdate=December 11, 2018|work=[[Gamasutra]]|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160525161027/https://www.gamasutra.com/view/news/273422/BAFTA_honors_veteran_game_designer_Amy_Hennig_with_a_Special_Award.php|archivedate=May 25, 2016}}</ref> Ọ natara onyinye Lifetime Achievement na Game Developers Choice Awards na Machị 2019. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.gamesindustry.biz/articles/2018-12-11-amy-hennig-to-receive-lifetime-achievement-award|title=Amy Hennig to receive lifetime achievement award|first=Brendan|author=Sinclair|date=December 11, 2018|accessdate=December 11, 2018|work=[[GamesIndustry.biz]]}}</ref> {| class="wikitable sortable" border="1" ! scope="col" |Name ! scope="col" |Year ! scope="col" |Credited with ! scope="col" |Publisher |- |''Electrocop'' |1989 | rowspan="3" |Artist |Atari Corporation |- |''The Bard's Tale IV'' |Canceled | rowspan="3" |Electronic Arts |- |''Desert Strike: Return to the Gulf'' |1992 |- |''Michael Jordan: Chaos in the Windy City'' |1994 |Designer, artist |- |''3D Baseball'' |1996 |Artist<ref name="mobygames">{{Cite web|title=Amy Hennig Video Game Credits and Biography|url=http://www.mobygames.com/developer/sheet/view/developerId,53703/|work=[[MobyGames]]|publisher=Blue Flame Labs|accessdate=28 October 2017}}</ref> | rowspan="2" |Crystal Dynamics |- |''Blood Omen: Legacy of Kain'' |1996 |Design manager<ref name="Escapist">{{Cite web|title=Kain and the Lost Art of Turning Your Hero into a Villain Successfully|author=Day|first=Graham|url=https://www.escapistmagazine.com/v2/legacy-of-kain-character-design/|work=[[The Escapist (magazine)|The Escapist]]|publisher=[[Enthusiast Gaming]]|date=10 August 2020|accessdate=1 August 2021}}</ref> |- |''Legacy of Kain: Soul Reaver'' |1999 |Director, producer, writer<ref name="Escapist" /> | rowspan="3" |Eidos Interactive |- |''Soul Reaver 2'' |2001 | rowspan="2" |Director, writer |- |''Legacy of Kain: Defiance'' |2003 |- |''Jak 3'' |2004 |Game director<ref name="gamespy1">{{Cite web|author=Turner|first=Benjamin|title=Naughty Dog's Amy Hennig on Jak III|url=http://uk.ps2.gamespy.com/playstation-2/jak-iii/507370p1.html|work=[[GameSpy]]|publisher=[[IGN]]|accessdate=28 October 2017|date=19 April 2004}}</ref> | rowspan="5" |Sony Computer Entertainment |- |''Uncharted: Drake's Fortune'' |2007 | rowspan="3" |Creative director, writer<ref>{{Cite web|author=Thomsen|first=Michael|url=http://ign.com/articles/2008/02/05/inside-the-story-naughty-dog-interview|title=Inside The Story: Naughty Dog Interview|publisher=[[IGN]]|date=February 5, 2008|accessdate=March 5, 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=Graft|first=Kris|url=http://www.gamasutra.com/view/feature/132579/reflecting_on_uncharted_2_how_.php?page=4|title=Reflecting On Uncharted 2: How They Did It|date=November 13, 2009|work=[[Gamasutra]]|accessdate=December 7, 2009|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120509031540/http://www.gamasutra.com/view/feature/132579/reflecting_on_uncharted_2_how_.php?page=4|archivedate=May 9, 2012}}</ref> |- |''Uncharted 2: Among Thieves'' |2009 |- |''Uncharted 3: Drake's Deception'' |2011 |- |''Uncharted: Golden Abyss'' |2011 |Story consultant<ref>{{Cite web|author=Garvin|first=John|title=Postmortem: Sony Bend Studio's Uncharted: Golden Abyss|url=https://www.gamasutra.com/view/feature/181082/postmortem_sony_bend_studios_.php|work=[[Gamasutra]]|date=8 November 2012|accessdate=13 May 2020|archive-date=8 November 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121108190433/http://www.gamasutra.com/view/feature/181082/postmortem_sony_bend_studios_.php|url-status=dead}}</ref> |- |''Battlefield Hardline'' |2015 |Writer |Electronic Arts |- |''Forspoken'' |2023 |Story concept<ref name="Forspoken"/> |Square Enix |- |''Marvel 1943: Rise of Hydra'' |2025 |Producer, writer<ref>{{Cite web|author=Lyles|first=Taylor|date=2024-03-20|title=New Black Panther, Captain America Game From Amy Hennig Unveiled at State of Unreal 2024|url=https://www.ign.com/articles/marvel-1943-captain-america-black-pather-amy-hennig-game-revealed-state-of-unreal-2024|accessdate=2024-03-21|work=IGN|language=en}}</ref> |Skydance New Media |} == Ihe odide == [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] cu4mvf6elvp9zwzexjewieehcuqync1 0 54433 727515 192946 2026-09-24T05:02:11Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727515 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Laura Carina Maravillas Valladolid''' (amụrụ 22 June 1983) bụ onye na-agbachitere [[Footbọl|bọọlụ]] Mexico bụ onye gbara ndị otu egwuregwu bọọlụ mba ụmụ nwanyị Mexico na asọmpi Summer 2004 . N'ọkwa klọb, ọ gbara Palomas egwu. <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.fifa.com/tournaments/archive/womensolympic/athens2004/teams/team=1883724/index.html|title=Olympic Women's Football Tournaments Athens 2004 – Squad List: Mexico (MEX)|publisher=[[FIFA]]|accessdate=2 October 2015|archive-date=28 January 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130128051128/http://www.fifa.com/tournaments/archive/womensolympic/athens2004/teams/team=1883724/index.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Hụkwa == * Mexico n'egwuregwu Olympic nke 2004 == Ntụaka == onye gbara ndị otu egwuregwu {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * Carina Maravillas – FIFA competition record (archived) * Carina Maravillas at Olympedia [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] e512hzo5y8qgnyyt7u1san1c57yf6vh 0 54463 727548 580917 2026-09-24T07:37:35Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727548 wikitext text/x-wiki  {{Databox}} {| class="infobox" style="width: 210px; clear: right; float:right;margin:0 0 1.5em 1.5em" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:115%" |Vidiyo dị n'èzí |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align: left" |[[File:Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg|link=|alt=video icon|16x16px]]</img> [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CyyKzS0JkMI “Nnọkọ Ikwu Okwu Mebere nke na-egosi Dr. Christina Grozinger—Ndị na-eme mkpọtụ na Pennsylvania”], Jun 1, 2020, Òtù Ndị Ọkammụta Penn State |} '''Christina Grozinger''' bụ onye American entomologist, Publius Vergilius Maro Prọfesọ nke Entomology na Pennsylvania State University <ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=Christina Grozinger, Ph.D.|url=https://ento.psu.edu/directory/cmg25|work=Pennsylvania State University|accessdate=27 January 2022|language=en-us}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://ento.psu.edu/directory/cmg25 "Christina Grozinger, Ph.D."] ''Pennsylvania State University''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 January</span> 2022</span>.</cite></ref> na onye nduzi na Center maka Pollinator Research. <ref name="entsoc">{{Cite web|title=Dr. Christina M. Grozinger, ESA Fellow (2018)|url=https://www.entsoc.org/fellows/grozinger|work=Entomological Society of America|accessdate=27 January 2022|language=en}}</ref> Akụkụ bụ isi nke nka ya dị ka ọkà mmụta ihe gbasara ụmụ ahụhụ na-elekọta mmadụ bụ ihe omimi, physiological, na gburugburu ebe obibi na-emetụta ahụ ike nke aṅụ mmanụ aṅụ na ndị ọzọ na-emetọ ihe. <ref name="NAS">{{Cite web|title=Christina M. Grozinger|url=http://www.nasonline.org/programs/awards/2021-awards/Grozinger.html|work=National Academy of Sciences|accessdate=27 January 2022|archive-date=27 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220127212841/http://www.nasonline.org/programs/awards/2021-awards/Grozinger.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref name=":1"/> <ref name="McCoy">{{Cite journal|author=McCoy|first=Berly|title=Bee gold: Honey as a superfood|journal=Knowable Magazine|date=20 October 2021|doi=10.1146/knowable-102021-1|url=https://knowablemagazine.org/article/living-world/2021/bee-gold-honey-superfood|accessdate=10 December 2021}}</ref> Grozinger emeela nchọpụta dị mkpa n'ime ụzọ mgbakasị aṅụ si emetụta aṅụ, yana ka ihe ndị dị ka [[Okpomọkụ gburugburu ụwa|mgbanwe ihu igwe]], oke ihu igwe, nje nje nje, nje nje, ọgwụ ahụhụ, na [[Agụụ|erighị nri]] na-edozi ahụ si emetụta mbelata nke pollinators zuru ụwa ọnụ . Na 2021, ọ natara National Academy of Sciences Prize na Food & Agriculture Sciences maka ọrụ ya. <ref name="NAS" /> <ref name="Foundation">{{Cite news|title=Christina M. Grozinger Awarded the 2021 NAS Prize in Food & Agriculture Sciences|url=https://foundationfar.org/news/christina-m-grozinger-awarded-the-2021-nas-prize-in-food-and-agriculture-sciences/|accessdate=27 January 2022|work=Foundation for Food & Agriculture Research|date=January 21, 2021|language=en}}</ref> Grozinger ebipụtala ihe karịrị 100 akụkọ ndị ọgbọ nyochara nke akpọtụrụla ihe karịrị ugboro 10,00. Ọ bụ onye nyocha isi na Grozinger Lab, nke zụrụ 45 undergraduates, 15 Ph.D. ụmụ akwụkwọ, 6 M.Sc. ụmụ akwụkwọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ, na ndị ọkà mmụta 13 post-doctoral. <ref name="entsoc"/> Dị ka nke 2022, ọ ghọrọ onye nchịkọta akụkọ nke ''Nyocha Kwa Afọ nke Entomology'' . <ref>{{Cite web|title=EDITOR OF THE ANNUAL REVIEW OF ENTOMOLOGY|url=https://www.annualreviews.org/db/directory?0000,ento|work=Annual Reviews|accessdate=2 August 2021}}</ref> == Ndụ mmalite na agụmakwụkwọ == Grozinger mụrụ na 1975 na Montreal, Canada. Ezinụlọ ya kwagara United States na 1978, ebe o biri ruo mgbe ọ laghachiri Canada na 1993 ka ọ gụọ akwụkwọ na Mahadum McGill. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.beeculture.com/meet-christina-grozinger/|title=Meet Christina Grozinger|work=Bee Culture|date=5 December 2018|language=en-US|accessdate=2019-12-19}}</ref> Ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Bachelor of Science na Mahadum McGill na 1997. Ọ gara Mahadum Harvard wee nweta masters na Ph.D. na Chemical Biology na 1999 na 2001 n'otu n'otu. <ref name="entsoc"/> == Ọrụ == Mgbe ọ nwetasịrị Ph.D., Grozinger ghọrọ onye ibe na Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology . O sonyeere ụlọ nyocha nyocha mmanụ aṅụ nke Gene E. Robinson nke nyere aka n'ịzụlite mmasị ya n'omume aṅụ mmanụ aṅụ. O jiri oge ya nyochaa ntọala neurogenic nke omume mgbasa ozi pheromone . <ref name=":2">{{Cite web|url=https://ento.psu.edu/publications/GrozingerCVMarch2018.pdf|title=CHRISTINA M. GROZINGER|author=|first=|date=2018|work=Ento|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20191219042405/https://ento.psu.edu/publications/GrozingerCVMarch2018.pdf|archivedate=2019-12-19|accessdate=2019-12-18}}</ref> Na 2004, o sonyeere na Ngalaba Entomology na Genetics na North Carolina State University dị ka osote prọfesọ. <ref name=":2"/> Na 2008 Grozinger sonyeere Ngalaba Entomology na Mahadum steeti Pennsylvania. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ ya site na prọfesọ osote na prọfesọ (2013), na Prọfesọ a ma ama (2015). <ref name=":2"/> Ọ ghọrọ onye isi nke Center for Pollinator Research na 2009. <ref name=":1"/> == Nyocha == Nnyocha nke Grozinger lekwasịrị anya na bayoloji nke aṅụ mmanụ aṅụ na ụmụ ahụhụ ndị ọzọ na-elekọta mmadụ, karịsịa usoro ndị na-adabere na omume ọha mmadụ na ahụike nke aṅụ na-achịkwa na nke ọhịa. Ọ na-adọta ọzụzụ dị iche iche gụnyere genomics, physiology, neurobiology, na kemịkalụ ecology iji mụọ mmetụta molekul, physiological, na gburugburu ebe obibi na ahụike aṅụ. <ref name="NAS"/> Ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị aṅụ na-ebelata n'ụwa niile na-etinye mmepụta ugbo na nchekwa nri. <ref name="FAO">{{Cite web|title=FAO - News Article: Declining bee populations pose threat to global food security and nutrition|url=https://www.fao.org/news/story/en/item/1194910/icode/|work=Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations|date=20 May 2019|accessdate=28 January 2022|language=en|archivedate=27 January 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220127134418/https://www.fao.org/news/story/en/item/1194910/icode/}}</ref> Na United States, ndị na-akpa aṅụ kọrọ na ha tụfuru pasenti 45 nke ógbè ha n'afọ site na Eprel 2020 ruo Eprel 2021. <ref name="McCoy"/> Ihe ndị na-etinye aka na mbelata ọnụ ọgụgụ mmadụ dị mgbagwoju anya yana njikọ. <ref name="Flenniken">{{Cite journal|author=Grozinger|first=Christina M.|title=Bee Viruses: Ecology, Pathogenicity, and Impacts|journal=Annual Review of Entomology|date=7 January 2019|volume=64|issue=1|pages=205–226|doi=10.1146/annurev-ento-011118-111942|pmid=30629896|url=https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-ento-011118-111942|accessdate=28 January 2022|issn=0066-4170}}</ref> Otu n'ime ebe Grozinger mụrụ bụ nri nri. Ndị otu ya ekpebiela na nkwụsi ike aṅụ megide ọrịa na ọgwụ na-egbu egbu na-akawanye mma ma ọ bụrụ na ha na-enweta ihe oriri na-edozi ahụ dị elu site n'ọtụtụ ebe. Ịghọta mkpa nri nke aṅụ bụ ihe dị mkpa iji nwetaghachi ebe obibi pollinator na nkwalite omume ịkpa aṅụ. Otu Grozinger na-enyocha ụdị osisi okooko osisi maka ndị kacha akwado mkpa nri aṅụ. <ref name="Foundation"/> Grozinger na-atụ aro atụmatụ maka ịkụ ifuru n'ụdị dị iche iche iji kwalite nri pollinator, ma na-enye nkwado maka ọrụ na ọrụ ugbo, nchekwa, na ntọala obodo. <ref name="NAS"/> <ref name="Castronuovo">{{Cite news|author=Castronuovo|first=Ella|title=Penn State-led research team receives grant to conserve pollinator populations|url=https://www.collegian.psu.edu/news/campus/penn-state-led-research-team-receives-grant-to-conserve-pollinator-populations/article_43fbf072-9e04-11eb-87d6-6790566e47c3.html|accessdate=28 January 2022|work=The Daily Collegian|language=en}}</ref> <ref name="landscapes">{{Cite web|title=Penn State Pollinator Webinar Series: "Bee nutritional ecology: from flowers to landscapes" (Christina Grozinger)|url=https://ento.psu.edu/news/penn-state-pollinator-webinar-series-bee-nutritional-ecology-from-flowers-to-landscapes-christina-grozinger|work=Penn State University|accessdate=28 January 2022|language=en-us}}</ref> Ịtụle mpaghara site n'echiche nke nri aṅụ na-eme nnyocha na-eme ka o kwe omume ịmepụta "ọdịdị ala na-arụ ọrụ gburugburu ebe obibi". Aṅụ na-erite uru site na mpaghara osisi dị iche iche, n'otu akụkụ n'ihi na ha na-egosi mmasị maka osisi dị iche iche n'oge oge na-eto eto. N'ozuzu, cultivars perennial na ụdị ụmụ amaala na-akacha mma karịa ihe ọkụkụ kwa afọ. Cultivars nwere ike ịdịgasị iche n'ikike ha ịkwado pollinators, n'otu akụkụ n'ihi na n'ime osisi na-azụ ụmụ mmadụ lekwasịrị anya n'ọdịdị na ihe ndị ọzọ karịa na nri pollinator. <ref name="landscapes"/> Nnyocha Grozinger lekwasịrị anya na nzikọrịta ozi kemịkalụ na ahụike aṅụ na-elekọta mmadụ. Ọ na-enyocha mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa na ihe ndị molekụla na nzikọrịta ozi pheromone . O gosiputara na ihe ịma aka mgbochi ọrịa nwere ike gbanwee profaịlụ kemịkalụ elu nke ụmụ ahụhụ, nke na-emetụta mmekọrịta ha na mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya yana ikekwe mgbasa nke ọrịa. Ọmụmụ ihe ya na-egosi na mmepụta pheromone na nzaghachi nwere ike imetụta nsonaazụ na ọkwa ógbè. <ref name="NAS"/> == Ihe nrite == * 2021, NAS Prize in Food & Agriculture Sciences, National Academy of Sciences <ref name="Foundation"/> <ref name="NAS"/> <ref>{{Cite news|title=Grozinger receives National Academy's Prize in Food and Agriculture Sciences {{!}} Penn State University|url=https://www.psu.edu/news/research/story/grozinger-receives-national-academys-prize-food-and-agriculture-sciences/|accessdate=27 January 2022|work=Pennsylvania State University|date=January 21, 2021|language=en}}</ref> * 2018, Onye otu nke Entomological Society of America <ref name="entsoc"/> <ref name="Jedrzejewski">{{Cite news|author=Jedrzejewski|first=Kelly|title=Entomology professors honored by Entomological Society of America {{!}} Penn State University|url=https://www.psu.edu/news/academics/story/entomology-professors-honored-entomological-society-america/|accessdate=27 January 2022|work=Pennsylvania State University|date=September 13, 2018|language=en}}</ref> * 2016, Prọfesọ a ma ama, Penn State University <ref name="PSU" /> * 2016, Alex na Jessie C. Black Award for Excellence in Research in the College of Agricultural Sciences, Penn State University <ref name="PSU">{{Cite news|title=Ag Sciences faculty member named distinguished professor, Black Award winner|url=https://www.psu.edu/news/agricultural-sciences/story/ag-sciences-faculty-member-named-distinguished-professor-black-award/|work=Pennsylvania State University|accessdate=27 January 2022|date=April 15, 2016|language=en}}</ref> * 2013, [[James I. Hambleton Award]], Eastern Apicultural Society of North America <ref name="PSU" /> * 2009 Harbaugh Faculty Scholars Program award for Excellence in Teaching & Learning <ref name="Master">{{Cite news|author=Master|first=Larry|title=Scientist Discusses Global Pollinator Crisis|url=https://www.adirondackexplorer.org/stories/scientist-discusses-global-pollinator-crisis|accessdate=27 January 2022|work=Adirondack Explorer|date=July 20, 2017}}</ref> * 2008, National Science Foundation Early Career Development (CAREER) Award <ref name="PSU" /> <ref>{{Cite web|title=National Honors for NC State Faculty|url=https://projects.ncsu.edu/research/results/vol10n1ar/06.html|work=North Carolina State University|accessdate=27 January 2022|archivedate=17 October 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20191017165525/https://projects.ncsu.edu/research/results/vol10n1ar/06.html}}</ref> * 2001, Beckman Fellow, Arnold na Mabel Beckman Foundation <ref name="B">{{Cite web|title=Current and former postdoctoral fellows|url=https://beckman.illinois.edu/research/fellowships-and-awards/postdoctoral-fellows-program/current-and-former-postdoctoral-fellows|work=Beckman Institute|accessdate=27 January 2022}}</ref> * 1997-2000 National Science Foundation (NSF) Mmekọrịta nyocha nke gụsịrị akwụkwọ == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] {{DEFAULTSORT:Grozinger, Christina}} [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] fae61h81hpb1dbvodsir2c5mevoqe76 0 54467 727564 706793 2026-09-24T08:56:28Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727564 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}  '''Corrie S. Moreau''' bụ ọkà mmụta ihe banyere evolushọn na ọkà mmụta banyere anụ ahụ nwere ọpụrụiche na myrmecology, ọmụmụ banyere ndanda . Ugbu a ọ bụ prọfesọ na onye nlekọta na Mahadum Cornell dị na Ithaca, New York . Moreau na-amụ evolushọn, ecology, biogeography, systematics, na diversification nke ụmụ ahụhụ na microbial gut-symbionts ha na-eji ngwa molecular na genomic. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Corrie Moreau Home Page|url=http://fieldmuseum.org/users/corrie-moreau|accessdate=2013-08-30|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130809025122/http://fieldmuseum.org/users/corrie-moreau|archivedate=2013-08-09}}</ref> Ọ bụkwa onye na-akwado maka ịba ụba ụmụ nwanyị na ụdị dị iche iche na sayensị. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Badass Scientists, part 2: Corrie Moreau|date=24 June 2016|url=https://feministfizz.wordpress.com/tag/corrie-moreau/}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=Women in Science: Corrie Moreau, Evolutionary Biologist and Entomologist|url=https://www.fieldmuseum.org/science/blog/women-science-corrie-moreau-evolutionary-biologist-and-entomologist|date=2017-03-13|accessdate=2017-06-07|archivedate=2017-03-25|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170325220819/https://www.fieldmuseum.org/science/blog/women-science-corrie-moreau-evolutionary-biologist-and-entomologist}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://sacnas.org/2017/04/20/sacnistas-speak-sacnistas-lead/|title=SACNISTAs Speak! SACNISTAs Lead! – SACNAS|date=20 April 2017|accessdate=2017-06-08}}</ref> <ref name="nationalgeographic.com" /> == Agụmakwụkwọ == Moreau nwetara PhD na bayoloji sitere na Mahadum Harvard (2003 - 2007) n'okpuru nduzi nke EO Wilson <ref name="Letters to a Young Scientist" /> <ref name="The Passion Principle" /> na [[Naomi Pierce]] . Ọ natara MSc <ref>{{Cite web|title=SF State Magazine: Connected to the Academy|url=http://www.sfsu.edu/~sfsumag/archive/spring_09/campus6.html|accessdate=2013-09-10|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131023061818/http://www.sfsu.edu/~sfsumag/archive/spring_09/campus6.html|archivedate=2013-10-23}}</ref> na Mahadum San Francisco State na California Academy of Sciences (2000 - 2003) na Bachelors (1996 - 2000) na Mahadum San Francisco State . == Ọrụ ==   Mgbe ọ gụchara Ph.D. na 2007 Corrie Moreau a họọrọ dị ka Miller Research Fellows nke Miller Institute na Mahadum California, Berkeley . Na 2008 ọ ghọrọ onye na-enyere aka n'ọkwa na Field Museum of Natural History ebe ọ nọrọ afọ 10 na-akwalite ya ka ọ bụrụ onye nlekọta na 2014. Na 2019 Moreau kwagara Mahadum Cornell dị ka prọfesọ zuru oke na onye isi na onye na-ahụ maka mkpokọta ụmụ ahụhụ nke Mahadum Cornell (CUIC). == Nyocha == Moreau na ndị ọrụ ibe bụ ndị mbụ guzobe mmalite nke ndanda na 140 nde afọ gara aga site na iji data usoro ihe omimi (nde afọ 40 karịa atụmatụ ndị gara aga), nakwa na mgbanwe dị iche iche nke ndanda dabara na ịrị elu nke osisi okooko osisi (angiosperms). . <ref>{{Cite news|title=Ancient Ants Arose 140-168 Million Years Ago: Insects Needed Flowering Plants To Flourish|url=https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2006/04/060407144825.htm|accessdate=16 September 2013|work=Science News|date=April 7, 2008}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal|author=Moreau|first=Corrie|title=Phylogeny of the Ants: Diversification in the Age of Angiosperms|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_science_2006-04-07_312_5770/page/101|journal=Science|date=March 1, 2006|volume=312|issue=5770|pages=101–104|doi=10.1126/science.1124891|pmid=16601190}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|author=Fountain|first=Henry|title=Measuring for Liftoff (That First Flight Is Crucial)|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2006/04/11/science/11obox.html?pagewanted=all&_r=1&|accessdate=16 September 2013|work=New York Times|date=April 11, 2006}}</ref> Tụkwasị na nke ahụ, Moreau na Charles D. Bell gosipụtara na ebe okpomọkụ dị ma na-anọgide na-adị mkpa maka evolushọn nke ndanda. <ref>{{Cite news|author=Larson|first=Lucas|title=Why the tropics are an evolutionary hotbed: Ant family tree shows tropical New World hosts fast speciation while also keeping older lineages alive|url=http://www.nature.com/news/why-the-tropics-are-an-evolutionary-hotbed-1.12846|accessdate=16 September 2013|work=Nature|date=26 April 2013}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|title=Ant Family Tree Constructed: Confirms Date of Evolutionary Origin, Underscores Importance of Neotropics|url=https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130422101252.htm|accessdate=16 September 2013|work=Science News|date=22 April 2013}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal|author=Moreau|first=Corrie|title=Testing the Museum Versus Cradle Tropical Biological Diversity Hypothesis: Phylogeny, Diversification, and Ancestral Biogeographic Range Evolution of the Ants|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_evolution_2013-08_67_8/page/2240|journal=Evolution|date=Aug 2013|volume=67|issue=8|pages=2240–2257|doi=10.1111/evo.12105|pmid=23888848}}</ref> Moreau na ndị ọrụ ibe egosipụtawo mkpa nke nje bacteria na-ejikọta gut na ọganihu evolushọn na gburugburu ebe obibi nke ndanda site na nje bacteria na microbiome ezubere iche, <ref>{{Cite journal|author=Poulsen|first=Michael|title=Behind every great ant, there is a great gut|journal=Molecular Ecology|date=May 2012|volume=21|issue=9|pages=2054–2057|doi=10.1111/j.1365-294X.2012.05510.x|pmid=22509766}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal|author=Kautz|first=Stephanie|title=Surveying the microbiome of ants: Comparing 454 pyrosequencing with traditional methods to uncover bacterial diversity|journal=Applied and Environmental Microbiology|date=November 2013|volume=79|issue=2|pages=525–534|doi=10.1128/AEM.03107-12|url=http://aem.highwire.org/content/79/2/525.abstract|accessdate=16 September 2013|pmid=23124239}}</ref> <ref name="Bacterial gut symbionts are tightly linked with the evolution of herbivory in ants">{{Cite journal|author=Russell|first=Jacob|title=Bacterial gut symbionts are tightly linked with the evolution of herbivory in ants|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_proceedings-of-the-national-academy-of-sciences-usa_2009-12-15_106_50/page/21236|journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences|date=November 2009|volume=106|pages=21236–21241|doi=10.1073/pnas.0907926106|issue=50|pmid=19948964}}</ref> gụnyere igosi na symbionts nje bacteria na-ejikọta ya na mmalite nke herbivory. na ndanda. <ref name="Bacterial gut symbionts are tightly linked with the evolution of herbivory in ants" /> == Ihe nrite na nnabata == Na 2021 họpụtara onye otu nke Royal Entomological Society . Na 2020 họpụtara onye otu nke Entomological Society of America . <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.nasonline.org/programs/kavli-frontiers-of-science/frontiers-alumni/alumni-directory/corrie-moreau.html|title=Corrie Moreau|access-date=2024-10-26|archive-date=2016-04-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160418180204/http://www.nasonline.org/programs/kavli-frontiers-of-science/frontiers-alumni/alumni-directory/corrie-moreau.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> Na 2018 họpụtara onye otu ndị otu American Association for the Advancement of Science . Na 2018 nke National Geographic gosipụtara dị ka mmetụta ụmụ nwanyị. <ref name="nationalgeographic.com">{{Cite web|url=https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/2018/07/ants-evolution-corrie-moreau-women-in-biology/|title=Meet the Woman Making Ants the Next Big Thing in Biology|author=Berlin|first=Jeremy|date=2018-07-23|work=National Geographic|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180814232723/https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/2018/07/ants-evolution-corrie-moreau-women-in-biology/|archivedate=2018-08-14|accessdate=2024-10-26}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFBerlin2018">Berlin, Jeremy (2018-07-23). . ''National Geographic''. Archived from [https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/2018/07/ants-evolution-corrie-moreau-women-in-biology/ the original] on 2018-08-14.</cite></ref> Na 2016 ahọpụtara dị ka onye otu Kavli nke National Academy of Sciences . <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.nasonline.org/programs/kavli-frontiers-of-science/frontiers-alumni/alumni-directory/corrie-moreau.html|title=Corrie Moreau|publisher=National Academy of Sciences|accessdate=11 January 2017|archive-date=18 April 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160418180204/http://www.nasonline.org/programs/kavli-frontiers-of-science/frontiers-alumni/alumni-directory/corrie-moreau.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> Na 2015 Moreau etinyere na "15 ndị inyom na-egbuke egbuke na-eme ka ọdịiche nwoke na nwanyị dị na sayensị" na 2014 depụtara dị ka "10 Womenmụ nwanyị Sayensị I Kwesịrị Soro na Twitter". <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://discov-her.com/en/article/10-women-scientists-you-should-follow-on-twitter|title=10 Women Scientists You Should Follow on Twitter|publisher=L'Oreal|accessdate=11 January 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161125025500/http://discov-her.com/en/article/10-women-scientists-you-should-follow-on-twitter|archivedate=25 November 2016}}</ref> Na 2014 ahọpụtara dị ka National Geographic Explorer <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://explorer-directory.nationalgeographic.org/corrie-s-moreau|title=Learn more about Corrie S. Moreau}}</ref> - National Geographic Society. A họpụtara Moreau onye Miller Fellow <ref>{{Cite web|title=List of Miller Fellows, by term|url=http://millerinstitute.berkeley.edu/all.php?nav=44#2007|year=2007|accessdate=2013-09-10|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131029215712/http://millerinstitute.berkeley.edu/all.php?nav=44#2007|archivedate=2013-10-29}}</ref> nke Miller Institute na Mahadum California, Berkeley (2007 - 2008). Ọ natara "Ọkachamma na Ọpụrụiche na Nkuzi Nkuzi" site na Mahadum Harvard's Derek Bok Center for Teaching and Learning (2004 & 2006). <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://isites.harvard.edu/icb/icb.do?keyword=k1985&tabgroupid=icb.tabgroup142764|title=Certificates of Excellence § Derek Bok Center for Teaching and Learning|work=isites.harvard.edu|accessdate=12 January 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120409235312/http://isites.harvard.edu/icb/icb.do?keyword=k1985&tabgroupid=icb.tabgroup142764|archivedate=9 April 2012}}</ref> E gosipụtara Moreau n'Isi nke 13 nke akwụkwọ Edward O. Wilson 's 2013 "Letters to a Young Scientist." <ref name="Letters to a Young Scientist">{{Cite book|author=Wilson|first=Edward O|title=Letters to a Young Scientist|url=https://archive.org/details/letterstoyoungsc0000wils_w9o0|year=2013|publisher=W.W. Norton & Company Ltd.|isbn=978-0871407009}}<cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFWilson2013">Wilson, Edward O (2013). ''Letters to a Young Scientist''. W.W. Norton & Company Ltd. p.&nbsp;Ch.13 pp.143–147. [[ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-0871407009|<bdi>978-0871407009</bdi>]].</cite></ref> <ref name="The Passion Principle">{{Cite journal|author=Simberloff|first=Daniel|title=The Passion Principle|journal=PLOS Biology|year=2013|volume=11|issue=8|doi=10.1371/journal.pbio.1001629|pages=e1001629}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFSimberloff2013">Simberloff, Daniel (2013). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3742439 "The Passion Principle"]. ''PLOS Biology''. '''11''' (8): e1001629. [[Digital object identifier|doi]]:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible">[[doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1001629|10.1371/journal.pbio.1001629]]</span>. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&nbsp;<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible">[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3742439 3742439]</span>.</cite></ref> Wilson na-ede "Enweghị bravado na Corrie, ọ dịghị akara nke nganga karịrị akarị, ọ dịghị pretension." Wilson na-aga n'ihu na-ekwu "Akụkọ banyere ọrụ dị oke mkpa nke Corrie Saux Moreau bụ nke m na-eche na ọ dị mkpa ka m wetara gị. Ọ na-atụ aro na obi ike na sayensị mụrụ site na ntụkwasị obi onwe onye (na-enweghị mpako!), Njikere itinye ihe ize ndụ ma na nkwụsi ike, enweghị egwu nke ikike, echiche nke na-akwadebe gị iwere ụzọ ọhụrụ ma ọ bụrụ na emebi emebi, bara uru nke ukwuu - merie ma ọ bụ tụfuo. " <ref name="Letters to a Young Scientist" /> == Ndụ onwe onye == A mụrụ Moreau na New Orleans, Louisiana. Moreau lụrụ onye French chemist, Christophe Duplais. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Duplais Lab Home Page|url=https://duplais-lab.cnrs.fr/|accessdate=2019-05-22|archivedate=2020-08-11|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200811133841/https://duplais-lab.cnrs.fr/}}</ref> Ọ bụ isiokwu nke ihe ngosi ngosi nka <ref>{{Cite web|title=The Romance of Ants Exhibit at The Field Museum|url=http://fieldmuseum.org/happening/exhibits/romance-ants|date=2018-04-25|accessdate=2013-09-10|archivedate=2013-08-18|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130818074202/http://fieldmuseum.org/happening/exhibits/romance-ants}}</ref> na akwụkwọ akụkọ eserese, <ref>{{Cite web|title=The Romance of Ants|url=http://api.ning.com/files/BexZ1ADOCOibTdhHfDhEnEL4ESgDmsMP8n9JmRtv-pEHe4YvD8oPjtaJ3Au8InyIFWASyRSt*iPe-PpBhuhauekLAJ76BxZ9/AntsComicbook.pdf|accessdate=2013-09-10|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131029234010/http://api.ning.com/files/BexZ1ADOCOibTdhHfDhEnEL4ESgDmsMP8n9JmRtv-pEHe4YvD8oPjtaJ3Au8InyIFWASyRSt*iPe-PpBhuhauekLAJ76BxZ9/AntsComicbook.pdf|archivedate=2013-10-29}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal|title=Serious Science, Comic-Book Style: A myrmecological comic brings entomologist Corrie Moreau's journey to life|journal=American Scientist|date=May–June 2011|volume=99|issue=3|doi=10.1511/2011.90.244|url=http://www.americanscientist.org/issues/pub/serious-science-comic-book-style|author=Clabby|first=Catherine}}</ref> [https://cpb-us-e1.wpmucdn.com/blogs.cornell.edu/dist/0/8622/files/2013/08/AntsComicbook.pdf "Romance nke ndanda"] . == Akwụkwọ ndị ahọpụtara ==   * {{Cite journal|author=Moreau|first=C. S.|year=2006|title=Phylogeny of the ants: Diversification in the age of angiosperms|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_science_2006-04-07_312_5770/page/101|journal=Science|volume=312|issue=5770|pages=101–104|doi=10.1126/science.1124891|pmid=16601190}} * {{Cite journal|author=Russell|first=J. A.|year=2009|title=Bacterial gut symbionts are tightly linked with the evolution of herbivory in ants|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_proceedings-of-the-national-academy-of-sciences-usa_2009-12-15_106_50/page/21236|journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA|volume=106|issue=50|pages=21236–21241|doi=10.1073/pnas.0907926106|pmid=19948964}} * {{Cite journal|author=Rubin|first=B. E. R.|year=2012|title=Inferring phylogenies from RAD sequence data|journal=PLOS ONE|volume=7|issue=4|doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0033394|pmid=22493668}} * {{Cite journal|author=Moreau|first=C. S.|year=2013|title=Testing the museum versus cradle biological diversity hypothesis: Phylogeny, diversification, and ancestral biogeographic range evolution of the ants|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_evolution_2013-08_67_8/page/2240|journal=Evolution|volume=67|issue=8|pages=2240–2257|doi=10.1111/evo.12105|pmid=23888848}} * {{Cite journal|author=Rubin|first=B. E. R.|year=2016|title=Comparative genomics reveals convergent rates of evolution in ant-plant mutualisms|journal=Nature Communications|volume=7|doi=10.1038/ncomms12679|pmid=27557866}} * {{Cite journal|author=Nelsen|first=M. P.|year=2018|title=Ant-plant interactions evolved through increasing interdependence|journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA|volume=115|issue=48|pages=12253–12258|doi=10.1073/pnas.1719794115|pmid=30420513}} == Hụkwa == * Myrmecology == Ntụaka == {{Reflist|30em}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] o8zsxdn909ysdp9rl5p81sp3p443uql 0 54535 727401 707863 2026-09-23T13:34:47Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727401 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Ana Montes.jpg|thumb|Ana Montes]] Ana Belén Montes (amuru Febụwarị 28, 1957) bu onye nyocha onye isi America na Defence Intelligence Agency na United States onye nledo n'aha gọọmentị Cuba afọ iri na asaa.<ref name="Popkin2014" /> E jidere Montes na Septemba 21, 2001, e mesịakwa boro ya ebubo ịgba izu nzuzo maka gọọmentị Cuba. Montes kwetara ikpe nledo na, n'October 2002, a mara ya ikpe ịga mkpọrọ afọ 25 ka ọ ga-esochi oge nyocha nke afọ ise.[1][2] A tọhapụrụ ya na Jenụwarị 6, 2023, mgbe ọ jere ozi n'ụlọ mkpọrọ afọ 20..<ref>{{Cite news|date=January 7, 2023|title=Cuba spy Ana Belen Montes released after 20 years behind bars|language=en|work=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/americas/cuba-spy-ana-belen-montes-released-after-20-years-behind-bars-2023-01-07/|accessdate=January 7, 2023}}</ref> == Mbido ndụ na ọrụ == A mụrụ Montes na Nuremberg, West Germany, ebe ezigara nna ya Alberto Montes ka ọ bụrụ dọkịta ndị agha US.[1] Ezinụlọ ya sitere na mpaghara Asturian nke Spen, na nne na nna ya ochie kwagara Puerto Rico.[2] Ezinụlọ ahụ mechara biri na Topeka, Kansas, wee biri na Towson, Maryland, bụ ebe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Loch Raven High School na 1975. Na 1979, ọ nwetara akara ugo mmụta na ihe gbasara mba ofesi na Mahadum Virginia, wee gụchaa nzere masta na Johns. Ụlọ akwụkwọ mahadum Hopkins nke Advanced International Studies na 1988.<ref name="Popkin2013" /> Nwanne na nwanne Montes, Tito na Lucy, ghọrọ ndị ọrụ Federal Bureau of Investigation.[1] Tito bụ onye nnọchi anya FBI pụrụ iche, [1] na Lucy bụ onye nyocha na onye ntụgharị asụsụ FBI ogologo oge.[1][2] Onye bụbu enyi nwoke Ana Montes, Roger Corneretto, bụ onye ọrụ ọgụgụ isi na Cuba maka Pentagon.<ref name="Popkin2013" /> [[Usòrò:AnaMontesGeorgeTenet.jpg|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|Ana Montes na-anata asambodo nke ọdịiche site n'aka onye nduzi CIA George Tenet, 1997]] Montes sonyeere Defence Intelligence Agency (DIA) na Septemba 1985 ka ọ rụchara ọrụ maka Ngalaba Ikpe Ziri Ezi na United States. Ọrụ mbụ ya bụ na Bolling Air Force Base na Washington, ebe ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka ọkachamara nyocha ọgụgụ isi. N'afọ 1992, a họọrọ Montes maka Mmemme Analyst Exceptional nke DIA, ma mesịa gaa Cuba ka ọ mụọ ndị agha Cuban. <ref name="Popkin2013"/> Tupu e jide ya, ọ biri n'ụlọ nwere ọnụ ụlọ abụọ na mpaghara Cleveland Park nke [[Washington, D.C.]]<ref name="Popkin2013"/> Montes gara n'ihu ngwa ngwa site na ọkwa na DIA wee ghọọ onye nyocha Cuban kachasị elu. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.fbi.gov/history/famous-cases/ana-montes-cuba-spy|title=Ana Montes: Cuban Spy|work=Federal Bureau of Investigation|language=en-us|accessdate=January 24, 2018}}</ref> Ndị ọrụ ibe ya lere ya anya dị ka onye nwere ọrụ na onye a pụrụ ịdabere na ya, ha kwukwara na àgwà ya "enweghị isi". Ndị ọkàiwu mechara kwuo na Montes na-arụrụ ndị Cuba ọrụ mgbe ọ sonyeere DIA na 1985.<ref name="Popkin2013"/> == Nledo == Ndị ọgụgụ isi Cuban natara Montes mgbe ọ bụ nwa akwụkwọ mahadum na Mahadum Johns Hopkins na 1980s. Ọ bịara mara ụmụ akwụkwọ ndị ọzọ maka echiche ya siri ike iji kwado mmegharị aka ekpe nke Latin America dịka Sandinista National Liberation Front na Nicaragua. Otu onye Cuban mechara bịakwute ya. Mgbe ọ nwetasịrị ya, ndị ọrụ ọgụgụ isi Cuban zụrụ ya ka ọ gbasoo ọrụ na Defence Intelligence Agency.<ref name="TrueBeliever" /> <ref name="Popkin2013"/> N'akwụkwọ ebubo ha, ndị ọkàiwu gọọmentị etiti kwuru, sị: <ref name="Popkin2013">{{Cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/sf/feature/wp/2013/04/18/ana-montes-did-much-harm-spying-for-cuba-chances-are-you-havent-heard-of-her/|title=Ana Montes did much harm spying for Cuba. Chances are, you haven't heard of her.|author=Popkin|first=Jim|work=[[Washington Post Magazine]]|date=April 18, 2013|accessdate=August 7, 2016}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFPopkin2013">Popkin, Jim (April 18, 2013). [https://www.washingtonpost.com/sf/feature/wp/2013/04/18/ana-montes-did-much-harm-spying-for-cuba-chances-are-you-havent-heard-of-her/ "Ana Montes did much harm spying for Cuba. Chances are, you haven't heard of her"]. ''[[The Washington Post|Washington Post Magazine]]''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 7,</span> 2016</span>.</cite></ref>   N'oge nyocha megide ya, e kpebiri na Montes nyere Cuban Intelligence Directorate ọtụtụ ozi nzuzo, gụnyere njirimara nke ndị nledo US anọ na Cuba. N'afọ 2007, onye ọrụ nzuzo nke American DIA Scott W. Carmichael kwuru n'ihu ọha na ọ bụ Ana Montes gwara ndị ọrụ nzuzo nke Cuban banyere ogige nzuzo nke ndị agha US na El Salvador. <ref name="TrueBeliever">{{Cite book|author=Carmichael|first=Scott|title=True Believer: Inside the Investigation and Capture of Ana Montes, Cuba's Master Spy|url=https://archive.org/details/truebelieverinsi0000carm|date=March 3, 2007|publisher=Naval Institute Press|location=Annapolis, Maryland|isbn=978-1-59-114100-6}}<cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFCarmichael2007">Carmichael, Scott (March 3, 2007). ''True Believer: Inside the Investigation and Capture of Ana Montes, Cuba's Master Spy''. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. [[ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-1-59-114100-6|<bdi>978-1-59-114100-6</bdi>]].</cite></ref><ref name="Bill Gertz">{{Cite news|url=https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2007/mar/14/20070314-110701-3092r/|title=DIA official warns about Cuban spies|author=Gertz|first=Bill|work=[[The Washington Times]]|date=March 14, 2007|accessdate=August 7, 2016}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFGertz2007">Gertz, Bill (March 14, 2007). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2007/mar/14/20070314-110701-3092r/ "DIA official warns about Cuban spies"]. ''[[The Washington Times]]''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 7,</span> 2016</span>.</cite></ref> Carmichael kwuru na Montes maara banyere ịdị adị nke ogige Ndị Agha Pụrụ Iche n'ihi na ọ gara ya naanị izu ole na ole tupu ndị agha nnupụisi nke Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front (FMLN) wakpo ogige ahụ na 1987. <ref name="Bill Gertz" /> Carmichael, onye duziri nyocha DIA nke Montes, kpọrọ ya dịka onye kpatara ọnwụ Green Beret Sergeant Gregory A. Fronius, onye e gburu na El Paraíso, El Salvador, na Machị 31, 1987, n'oge mwakpo FMLN.<ref name="Bill Gertz" /> Carmichael kọwara mmebi nke Montes kpatara DIA na ụlọ ọrụ nzuzo ndị ọzọ dị na United States dị ka "ihe dị njọ" ma kwuo na ọ mebiri "usoro ihe omume nnweta pụrụ iche" nke e zoro ezo ọbụna n'aka ya, onye nchọpụta na ikpe ya.<ref name="TrueBeliever"/> [[Usòrò:AnaMontescheatsheet.jpg|thumb|Encryption/decryption "aghụghọ" nke Montes ji]] Carmichael gara n'ihu kwuo na, n'adịghị ka ọtụtụ ndị ọrụ nzuzo nke US, o kwenyere na ntinye moles na DIA abụghị ihe pụrụ iche, kama iwu, nakwa na ndị ọrụ nzuzo Cuban nwere ọtụtụ ndị nledo na ndị na-eme ihe ike n'ime ụlọ ọrụ nzuzo nke United States.<ref name="Bill Gertz"/> N'afọ 2004, ebubo gọọmentị etiti kwuru na onye ọrụ Cuban ọzọ, Marta Rita Velázquez, onye bụ onye ọrụ iwu na United States Agency for International Development, nyere Montes aka ma na-ebo ya ebubo na ọ kpọbatara Montes n'ọrụ nledo. E wepụtara ebubo gọọmentị etiti n'ọnwa Eprel afọ 2013. Velázquez anọwo na-anọghị na United States kemgbe afọ 2002, o doro anya na Sweden, nke na-enweghị nkwekọrịta mgbapụta na United States maka ikpe ndị nledo.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Charge in Cuban spy case unsealed, accusing ex-State Dept. officer of conspiracy|url=http://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/courts_law/charge-in-9-year-old-cuban-spy-case-unsealed-accusing-ex-state-dept-officer-of-conspiracy/2013/04/25/b567a192-ade5-11e2-b240-9ef3a72c67cc_story.html|work=[[The Washington Post]]|date=April 25, 2013|archive-date=April 26, 2013|access-date=October 26, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130426041250/http://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/courts_law/charge-in-9-year-old-cuban-spy-case-unsealed-accusing-ex-state-dept-officer-of-conspiracy/2013/04/25/b567a192-ade5-11e2-b240-9ef3a72c67cc_story.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Njide == Ndị Federal Bureau of Investigation jidere Montes n'ọfịs ya na Septemba 21, 2001. Ndị ọkàiwu kwuru na Montes maara ihe nzuzo banyere mwakpo Ndị agha US na-abịanụ na Afghanistan n'ọnwa Ọktoba afọ 2001 nakwa na ha achọghị ka ọ kpughee ozi a nye ndị iro.<ref name="Popkin2013"/> N'afọ 2002, Montes kwetara na ikpe mara ya maka ebubo nke gaara ebute ntaramahụhụ ọnwụ mana a mara ya ikpe ịga mkpọrọ afọ iri abụọ na ise n'ọnwa Ọktoba n'otu afọ ahụ mgbe ọ nabatara nkwekọrịta arịrịọ ya na gọọmentị US.<ref name="Popkin2013"/> N'oge a na-ekpe ikpe, Montes kọwara iwu US megide Cuba dị ka obi ọjọọ na ikpe na-ezighị ezi ma kwuo "M chere na ọ dị m mkpa inyere agwaetiti ahụ aka ichebe onwe ya pụọ na mbọ anyị na-agba iji tinye ụkpụrụ anyị na usoro ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị anyị na ya". <ref>{{Cite web|title=Cuba spy Ana Belen Montes released after 20 years behind bars|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/americas/cuba-spy-ana-belen-montes-released-after-20-years-behind-bars-2023-01-07/|work=Reuters|accessdate=10 September 2023|language=en|date=7 January 2023}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.miamiherald.com/opinion/issues-ideas/article1978099.html|title=New revelations about Cuban spy Ana Montes|author=Latell|first=Brian|work=[[Miami Herald]]|date=August 2, 2014|accessdate=August 7, 2016}}</ref> Mgbe ọ rịọrọ ikpe mara ya, Montes gwara ndị CIA na ọ chọrọ ichebe Cuba na United States nakwa na o kwenyere na "ụwa niile bụ otu mba. " N'akwụkwọ ozi 2013 o si n'ụlọ mkpọrọ nye enyi ya, Montos dere na "ekwere m na omume nke nledo bụ ihe gbasara. Ọrụ ahụ na-arara mmadụ nye mgbe niile, ụfọdụ ndị na-ekiri ihe ga-eche na ọ ziri ezi na ndị ọzọ abụghị, n'ọnọdụ ọ bụla. "<ref name="Popkin2014">{{Cite news|first=Jim|author=Popkin|url=https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2014/dec/22/-sp-prison-swap-spy-us-cuban-relations-ana-montes|title=Two double agents, a prison swap and the code from outer space: did this spy-v-spy duel save US-Cuban relations|work=[[The Guardian]]|date=December 22, 2014}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFPopkin2014">Popkin, Jim (December 22, 2014). [https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2014/dec/22/-sp-prison-swap-spy-us-cuban-relations-ana-montes "Two double agents, a prison swap and the code from outer space: did this spy-v-spy duel save US-Cuban relations"]. ''[[Onye nche|The Guardian]]''.</cite></ref><ref name="Popkin2014" /> == Ịnọrọ n'Ụlọ Mkpọrọ == [[Usòrò:FMCCarswelllargeimage.jpg|thumb|FMC Carswell, ebe a tụrụ Montes mkpọrọ]] A tụrụ Montes mkpọrọ na FMC Carswell na Fort Worth, Texas.<ref name="Popkin2013"/> FMC Carswell depụtara site na Federal Bureau of Prisons dị ka ụlọ ọrụ dị n'akụkụ ugwu ọwụwa anyanwụ nke Naval Air Station, Joint Reserve Base, Fort Worth, nke na-enye ndị inyom na-emebi iwu ọrụ ahụike na nke uche. E depụtara Montes dị ka FMC Register #25037-016. A tọhapụrụ ya na Jenụwarị 6, 2023. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bop.gov/inmateloc/|title=Federal Bureau of Prisons Inmate Locator|author=<!--Not stated-->|work=Federal Bureau of Prisons|publisher=United States Department of Justice|accessdate=April 18, 2020|quote=BOP Register Number: 25037-016}}</ref> Ebe a tọhapụrụ ya, a ga-enyocha ya, gụnyere ojiji ịntanetị ya, ruo afọ ise. A gaghị ekwe ka Montes kpọtụrụ "ndị ọrụ mba ọzọ" ma ọ bụ rụọ ọrụ maka gọọmentị US "na-enweghị ikike".<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-64200872|title=Ana Montes: Top spy freed in US after more than 20 years|first=Matt|author=Murphy|work=BBC|accessdate=January 8, 2023|date=January 8, 2023}}</ref> Ọ na-ebi na Puerto Rico ugbu a ma na-aga n'ihu na-ekwu okwu megide mmachibido iwu US megide Cuba. == Hụkwa == * Kendall Myers * Manuel Rocha == Ịgụ ihe ọzọ == * {{Cite book|author=Popkin|first=Jim|title=Code Name Blue Wren: The True Story of America's Most Dangerous Female Spy—and the Sister She Betrayed|date=3 January 2023|publisher=Harlequin|isbn=978-0-3697-3423-5|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=v5JoEAAAQBAJ|language=en}}<ref>{{Cite news|title=Transcript: Jim Popkin, Author "Code Name Blue Wren"|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/washington-post-live/2023/01/05/transcript-jim-popkin-author-code-name-blue-wren/|accessdate=15 January 2023|work=Washington Post}}</ref> * {{Cite book|author=Carmichael|first=Scott|title=True Believer: Inside the Investigation and Capture of Ana Montes, Cuba's Master Spy|date=1 October 2009|publisher=Naval Institute Press|isbn=978-1-61251-253-2|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=x4JTOaOBhl0C|language=en}} * {{Cite web|url=https://archives.fbi.gov/archives/news/stories/2008/september/montes_091209|title=FBI 100 The Case of the Cuban Spy|publisher=[[Federal Bureau of Investigation]]}} * {{Cite news|author=Marquis|first=Christopher|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2001/10/20/international/americas/20CUBA.html|title=U.S. Restricts Cuban Diplomats in Capital After Spy Charges|work=[[The New York Times]]|date=October 20, 2001|accessdate=January 27, 2014}} * Undersecretary of State John Bolton, CBS News interview, May 11, 2002 * {{Cite web|first=Cereijo|author=Manuel|url=https://www.latinamericanstudies.org/espionage/montes-chronicle.htm|title=Ana Belen Montes: The chronicle of an American Spy for the Cuban Government|work=LatinAmericanStudies.org}} * {{Cite news|url=https://www.latinamericanstudies.org/espionage/montes-statement.htm|title=Statement by Ana Belen Montes, who received 25-year sentence for spying for Cuba|work=[[Miami Herald]]|date=October 16, 2002}} == Ihe odide == [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] pdslewhwwqqakw4soqb2g2mcgkxr94p 0 54694 727406 433593 2026-09-23T14:14:44Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 5 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727406 wikitext text/x-wiki   {{Databox}} Angela McGlowan (amuru Maachị 2, 1970) bu onye nkwuputa ndọrọndọrọ ọchịchị America nke America, onye odee ere kacha ere, na onye isi oche nke Strategies & Insights (PSI), ihe omume gọọmentị, atụmatụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, mmekọrịta ọha na eze, na ụlọ ọrụ ndụmọdụ ndụmọdụ dabere na Oxford. Mississippi, na Washington, D.C. Ọ bụ onye ntinye aka na Fox News, na-ekpuchi ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, otu mmasị pụrụ iche, na lobbies..<ref name="auto3" />{{Cite web|url=https://www.foxnews.com/person/m/angela-mcglowan|title=Angela McGlowan|date=November 6, 2021|work=Fox News}}</ref> McGlowan bụ 1994 Miss District of Columbia USA. Ọ bụ onye dere akwụkwọ 2007 Bamboozled: How Americans Are Being Exploited by the Lies of the Liberal Agenda . <ref>{{Cite web|title=Sarah Palin's 'Mama Grizzlies'|url=http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2010/05/26/sarah-palins-gop-endorsements-the-mama-grizzlies.html|work=The Daily Beast|accessdate=27 May 2012|author=Mark McKinnon|date=26 May 2010}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=Q & A with Angela McGlowan|url=http://townhall.com/columnists/lisadepasquale/2007/05/14/q__a_with_angela_mcglowan/page/full/|work=Townhall|publisher=|accessdate=27 May 2012|author=Lisa De Pasquale|date=14 May 2007}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Democrats may lose black vote: Bamboozled says liberals have hurt some groups|url=http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-13959781.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415090116/https://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-13959781.html|archivedate=15 April 2016|work=The Charleston Gazette (Charleston, WV)|accessdate=27 May 2012|author=Don Surber|date=21 April 2007}}</ref> N'afọ 2010, ọ nọ n'ọkwa nke atọ na ntuli aka nke Republican maka oche ndị omeiwu na Mississippi. == Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ == A mụrụ McGlowan ma zụlite na Oxford, Mississippi.[1] Nne ya, Alberta, amụrụ na Hernando, Mississippi, dara ọkwa nke isii n'ihi na ọ ga-atụtụ owu, wee rụọ ọrụ anọ iji kwado ụmụaka ise.[2][3] Nna ya, James Thomas McGlowan, bụ prọfesọ, onye ozi United Methodist, onye ọrụ ikike obodo, na onye na-akwado obodo nke bụkwa onye isi ụlọ akwụkwọ mbụ site na 1958 ruo 1960 nke Hernando Central (nke a na-akpọzi Oak Grove Central Elementary School), ụlọ. maka ụmụ akwụkwọ Africa-American sitere na klaasị 1-12 n'oge nkewa; ọ nwụrụ n'ọrịa cancer na 1982 mgbe ọ dị afọ 12. Ọ gara ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị Lafayette na Oxford.[1] McGlowan wee gaa Mahadum Mississippi, ebe ọ nwetara nzere BA. na nchịkwa ọha na-emesi ike na ikpe ikpe mpụ na sayensị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na 1993.[2][3] Mgbe ọ na-aga mahadum, ọ bụ onye otu egwuregwu ịgba egwu nke ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ, ndị Rebelettes.[3] Ọ bụ Miss Magnolia na 1993.[4][5] McGlowan bụ 1994 Miss District of Columbia USA.[3][6][7] McGlowan nwere agbụrụ agwakọtara nke gụnyere African American, American American, Scottish, na agbụrụ Irish == Ọrụ == === Afọ ndị mbụ === McGlowan malitere nka ya n'ihe gbasara gọọmentị site n'ịrụ ọrụ dị ka onye njikwa gọọmentị na nke ọha na eze maka Steve Wynn, Mirage Resorts. N'oge ọ nọ n'ọkwa, o sonyere na atụmatụ lobbying na American Gaming Association (AGA) nke tọrọ ntọala maka ụlọ ịgba chaa chaa kachasị ọhụrụ nke Mirage Resorts, Bellagio na Las Vegas, Nevada, na Beau Rivage na Biloxi, Mississippi. Ọ mepụtara nkwado Mirage Resorts na mmemme mgbasa ozi obodo maka Las Vegas na Biloxi.<ref name="adroit">{{Cite web|url=http://www.buzztab.com/famous-personalities/angela-mcglowan-adroit-political-analyst/|title=Angela Mcglowan: An Adroit Political Analyst|accessdate=2010-07-23|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101001121803/http://www.buzztab.com/famous-personalities/angela-mcglowan-adroit-political-analyst/|archivedate=2010-10-01}}</ref> McGlowan jere ozi dị ka onye nduzi nke Outreach maka Better America Foundation, otu nzukọ nke Senator Bob Dole guzobere nke lekwasịrị anya n'ịkwalite ikike obodo.<ref name="auto4" />{{Cite web|url=https://www.bet.com/article/uuc1fm/angela-mcglowan|title=Angela McGlowan|work=BET|access-date=2024-10-27|archive-date=2025-01-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250124003001/https://www.bet.com/article/uuc1fm/angela-mcglowan|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye na-enyere onye nnọchi anya Roscoe Bartlett (R-6th Dist. Maryland), na onye nnọchianya John Ensign (R-1st Dist. Nevada), na-arụ ọrụ n'okwu gbasara ọdịiche, mgbanwe ọdịmma, iwu ụtụ isi, na nlekọta ahụike.<ref name="auto">{{Cite web|url=https://www.encyclopedia.com/education/news-wires-white-papers-and-books/mcglowan-angela|title=McGlowan, Angela|work=Encyclopedia.com}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://www.encyclopedia.com/education/news-wires-white-papers-and-books/mcglowan-angela "McGlowan, Angela"]. ''Encyclopedia.com''.</cite></ref> Ọ rụkwara ọrụ dị ka onye mgbasa ozi na mkpọsa ntuli aka nke Ensign na 1996. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographicon: Angela McGlowan|url=http://www.biographicon.com/view/wheoh|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101001133541/http://www.biographicon.com/view/wheoh|archivedate=October 1, 2010}}</ref> Site na 1999 ruo 2005, McGlowan jere ozi dị ka onye nduzi nke Government Affairs and Diversity Development maka Onye isi oche Rupert Murdoch's News Corporation. Ọ bụ ya na-ahụ maka mmepe na mmejuputa atụmatụ dị iche iche n'ime Fox Entertainment Group na ọdịmma ya na nke ọ na-arụ ọrụ. Ọ bụkwa onye lobbyist na onye na-akwado n'ime News Corporation na Congress maka iwu gọọmentị etiti, iwu, na iwu nchịkwa na-akwado ebumnuche ụlọ ọrụ.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Angela McGlowan - Personality Bio|url=http://www.foxnews.com/on-air/personalities/angela-mcglowan/bio/#s=m-q|work=Fox News|date=2011-01-13|accessdate=2015-11-07|language=en-US}}</ref> === 2005-dị ugbu a === N'afọ 2005, McGlowan guzobere ụlọ ọrụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nke ya, Political Strategies & Insights . <ref name="auto"/> Ọ bụ ụlọ ọrụ na-ahụ maka ihe gbasara gọọmentị, atụmatụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, mmekọrịta ọha na eze, na ụlọ ọrụ na'ahụ maka ndụmọdụ na Oxford, Mississippi, na Washington, DC.<ref name="auto4" />{{Cite web|url=https://www.bet.com/article/uuc1fm/angela-mcglowan|title=Angela McGlowan|work=BET}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://web.archive.org/web/20250124003001/https://www.bet.com/article/uuc1fm/angela-mcglowan "Angela McGlowan"]. ''BET''.</cite></ref><ref name="auto1">{{Cite web|url=https://www.djournal.com/news/mcglowan-apos-s-political-fire-stoked-early-in-life/article_2c4df22e-acd7-5d9c-8233-f9bd3f55909b.html|title=McGlowan's political fire stoked early in life|first=Chris|date=May 16, 2010|author=Elkins|work=Daily Journal}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFElkins2010">Elkins, Chris (May 16, 2010). [https://www.djournal.com/news/mcglowan-apos-s-political-fire-stoked-early-in-life/article_2c4df22e-acd7-5d9c-8233-f9bd3f55909b.html "McGlowan's political fire stoked early in life"]. ''Daily Journal''.</cite></ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.foxnews.com/person/m/angela-mcglowan|title=Angela McGlowan|date=November 5, 2021|work=Fox News}}</ref> N'afọ ahụ, McGlowan ghọkwara onye na-elekọta ''Good Day Street Talk'', mmemme mmekọrịta ọha na eze na New York City. Ọ malitekwara ịpụta dị ka onye na-ekwu okwu n'aka nri na mmemme nyocha akụkọ PBS To the Contrary, BET's Tonight, na ihe ngosi ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nke ABC Politically Incorrect . <ref name="auto"/><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pbs.org/to-the-contrary/panelists/283/mcglowan|title=To The Contrary Panelists &#124; To The Contrary|work=PBS|accessdate=2024-10-27|archivedate=2023-02-01|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230201023151/https://www.pbs.org/to-the-contrary/panelists/283/mcglowan}}</ref> Ọ natara 2005 Harlem Chamber of Commerce New York City Journalist of the Year Award . <ref name="auto4">{{Cite web|url=https://www.bet.com/article/uuc1fm/angela-mcglowan|title=Angela McGlowan|work=BET|access-date=2024-10-27|archive-date=2025-01-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250124003001/https://www.bet.com/article/uuc1fm/angela-mcglowan|url-status=dead}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://www.bet.com/article/uuc1fm/angela-mcglowan "Angela McGlowan"]. ''BET''.</cite></ref> Akwụkwọ McGlowan, Bamboozled: How Americans Are Being Exploited by the Lies of the Liberal Agenda, nọ n'ọnọdụ nke asatọ na Washington Area Bestseller List nke ''Washington Post'' maka izu Sunday, April 22, 2007. <ref>{{Cite news|work=Washington Post|title=Washington Area Bestsellers|date=April 22, 2007|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/04/19/AR2007041902972.html}}</ref> N'ọnwa Febụwarị afọ 2010, McGlowan kwupụtara na ọ bụ onye na-azọ ọkwa onye omeiwu na mpaghara 1st nke Mississippi iji maa onye ndọrọndọrọ ọchịchị nọ n'ọkwa Travis Childers aka. Ọ bụ otu n'ime ndị Black Republican 32 na-eme mkpọsa maka Congress, ọnụ ọgụgụ kachasị ukwuu kemgbe oge Reconstruction.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.essence.com/news/black-republicans-running-for-congress/|work=Essence|title=32 Black Republicans Run for Congress: Can They Win?|author=Cynthia Gordy|date=October 29, 2020}}</ref> A sị na a họpụtara ya, ọ gaara abụ naanị onye Africa America nke atọ a họpụtara dị ka onye Republican na House of Representatives n'ime afọ 75.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052748704820904575055373574881804|title=Tea Party Heroine|first=John|author=Fund|date=February 10, 2010|work=The Wall Street Journal}}</ref> Ọnọdụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ya gụnyere echiche ya na mba ahụ chọrọ itinye iwu ndị dị ugbu a n'ọrụ karịa iwu ndị ọhụrụ gbasara ịkwaga mba ọzọ, ilekwasị anya n'ịkwado agụmakwụkwọ ka mma, na ịkwaga na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị abụọ.<ref name="auto2">{{Cite web|url=http://www.desototimes.com/news/mcglowan-aiming-to-make-history/article_8ecd2d32-0a25-5e5e-a588-fead504be8cf.html|title=McGlowan aiming to make history|author=ROBERT LEE LONG|date=May 26, 2010|work=DeSoto Times-Tribune}}</ref> Ọ chọkwara ịhazi mmefu ego mba, Mbelata ụtụ isi maka obere azụmaahịa, ma mepụta ọrụ na ugwu Mississippi.<ref name="auto1"/> O mechara merie na ntuli aka nke ndị Republican mgbe ọ batara n'ọnọdụ nke atọ, na-enweta 15% nke votu.<ref name=":0" />{{Cite news|url=https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2010/07/29/angela-mcglowan-returns-t_n_662906.html|title=Angela McGlowan Returns To Fox News After Losing Bid For Congress|date=25 May 2011|work=Huffington Post|accessdate=6 June 2018|language=en-US}}</ref> Ọ bụ onye isi ojii mbụ na-azọ ọkwa dịka nwanyị mbụ gbara ọsọ na mpaghara 1st congressional nke Mississippi, wee hapụ asọmpi ahụ na-ekwu, sị: "Anyị meriri n'agha ahụ mana anyị meriri n"agha ahụ. E nwetara ihe dị ịrịba ama maka ndị ọzọ ịgbaso". Ọ laghachiri na Fox News na June 2010. <ref name=":0">{{Cite news|url=https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2010/07/29/angela-mcglowan-returns-t_n_662906.html|title=Angela McGlowan Returns To Fox News After Losing Bid For Congress|date=25 May 2011|work=Huffington Post|accessdate=6 June 2018|language=en-US}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2010/07/29/angela-mcglowan-returns-t_n_662906.html "Angela McGlowan Returns To Fox News After Losing Bid For Congress"]. ''Huffington Post''. 25 May 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 June</span> 2018</span>.</cite></ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://nymag.com/intelligencer/2010/07/after_failed_congressional_bid.html|title=After Failed Congressional Bid, Angela McGlowan Back to Fox News|first=Chris|author=Rovzar|date=July 28, 2010|work=Intelligencer}}</ref> McGlowan na-eje ozi ugbu a dị ka onye nyocha ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na azụmaahịa na onye na-enye onyinye maka Fox News na Fox Business Network, na-ekpuchi ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, ndị otu mmasị pụrụ iche, na ndị na-akwado.<ref name="auto3">{{Cite web|url=https://www.foxnews.com/person/m/angela-mcglowan|title=Angela McGlowan|date=November 6, 2021|work=Fox News}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://www.foxnews.com/person/m/angela-mcglowan "Angela McGlowan"]. ''Fox News''. November 6, 2021.</cite></ref> == Ndụ onwe onye == McGlowan lụrụ General Jack Keane, onye natara Presidential Medal of Freedom . == Ihe odide == [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] ntbev8s1e5tlnqz695lp1pkwrtqzpji 0 56163 727439 202497 2026-09-23T22:12:38Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727439 wikitext text/x-wiki   {{Databox}}'''Ticuna''', '''Tikuna''', '''Tucuna''' ma ọ bụ '''Tukuna''' bụ asụsụ ihe dị ka mmadụ 50,000 na-asụ na Amazon Basin, gụnyere mba [[Brazil]], [[Peru]], na [[Colombia]] . Ọ bụ asụsụ obodo nke ndị Ticuna, a na-ewerekwa ya dị ka "kwụsiri ike" site na ethnologue. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Size and vitality of Ticuna|url=https://www.ethnologue.com/size-and-vitality/tca|accessdate=2022-11-28|work=Ethnologue|language=en}}</ref> A na-ekewa Ticuna n'ozuzu dị ka asụsụ dịpụrụ adịpụ, mana ọ nwere ike jikọta ya na asụsụ Yuri na-ekpochapụ (lee Tïcuna-Yuri ) na enweela nchọpụta ụfọdụ na-egosi myirịta dị n'etiti Ticuna na Carabayo . <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://blogs.plos.org/everyone/2014/04/28/linking-isolated-languages-linguistic-relationships-carabayo/|title=Linking Isolated Languages: Linguistic Relationships of the Carabayo|date=28 April 2014}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal|author=Seifart|first=Frank|date=2014-04-16|title=Evidence for the Identification of Carabayo, the Language of an Uncontacted People of the Colombian Amazon, as Belonging to the Tikuna-Yurí Linguistic Family|journal=PLOS ONE|volume=9|issue=4|pages=e94814|doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0094814|issn=1932-6203|pmid=24739948}}</ref> Ọ bụ asụsụ ụda, ya mere ihe okwu nwere otu fọnịm pụtara nwere ike ịdịgasị iche nke ukwuu site n'ịgbanwe ụda eji akpọ ha. A makwaara Tïcuna dị ka Magta, Maguta, Tucuna/Tukuna, na Tukna. == Nhazi == Ụfọdụ ejikọtala asụsụ Ticuna nke ọma n'ime atụmatụ nke macro-arawakano ma ọ bụ na nnukwu akụ macro-tukano, n'agbanyeghị na nhazi ọkwa ndị a bụ nnukwu ntule n'ihi enweghị ihe akaebe. Echiche na-adịbeghị anya ejikọtala Yuri-Ticuna na asụsụ Saliban na Hoti na ngwaahịa Duho . Otú ọ dị, nkwekọrịta asụsụ bụ na Ticuna nwere ike na-ewere ya dị ka asụsụ dịpụrụ adịpụ n'ọnọdụ ya ugbu a, ebe ọ bụ na Yuri anwụọla. == Ọnọdụ mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya == === Brazil === Ticuna bụ asụsụ ụmụ amaala a kacha asụ na Brazil. <ref name=":3">{{Cite journal|author=Skilton|first=Amalia|date=2021|title=Ticuna (tca) language documentation: A guide to materials in the California Language Archive|url=http://scholarspace.manoa.hawaii.edu/handle/10125/24972|journal=Language Documentation & Conservation|language=en-US|volume=15|pages=153–189|issn=1934-5275}}</ref> N'agbanyeghị ịbụ ebe obibi nke ihe karịrị 50% nke Ticunas, Brazil ka malitere itinye ego na agụmakwụkwọ asụsụ obodo n'oge na-adịbeghị anya. Ticunas Brazil nwere ugbu a akwụkwọ e dere ede na agụmakwụkwọ nke Brazil National Foundation for the Indian (FUNAI) na Ministry of Education nyere. Ndị nkuzi obodo a zụrụ na Portuguese ma Ticuna na-eji akwụkwọ ọgụgụ na Ticuna akụziri ụmụaka asụsụ ahụ. Otu nnukwu oru ngo a na-edekọ akụkọ ọdịnala ma na-ede ha iji nye ndị Ticunas gụrụ akwụkwọ ụfọdụ akwụkwọ ha ga-eji na-eme ya. Agụmakwụkwọ Ticuna abụghị ihe ùgwù, kama ọ bụ akụkụ nke ọrụ sara mbara nke gọọmentị Brazil na-arụ iji nye ndị niile pere mpe mmụta mmụta n'asụsụ nke ha. Na 2012, gọọmenti Brazil malitere mkpọsa izi ihe maka igbochi ọrịa AIDS na [[ime ihe ike megide ụmụ nwanyị]], mkpọsa mbụ dị otú ahụ na Brazil e mere n'asụsụ ụmụ amaala. <ref>{{Cite news|author=Associated Press|title=Brazilian government uses indigenous language for the first time in anti-AIDS campaign|work=The Washington Post|accessdate=2012-10-21|date=2012-10-11|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/the_americas/brazilian-government-uses-indigenous-language-for-the-first-time-in-anti-aids-campaign/2012/10/11/e756f500-13ed-11e2-9a39-1f5a7f6fe945_story.html|archive-date=2022-07-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220705201616/https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/the_americas/brazilian-government-uses-indigenous-language-for-the-first-time-in-anti-aids-campaign/2012/10/11/e756f500-13ed-11e2-9a39-1f5a7f6fe945_story.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> === Peru === Ticunas dị na Peru enweela agụmakwụkwọ asụsụ obodo opekata mpe kemgbe 1960. Ha na-eji usoro ihe odide nke bụ, o doro anya, bụ ntọala maka mmepe nke Brazil. Otú ọ dị, ọtụtụ akwụkwọ ndị Peruvian Ticunas nwere nwere akwụkwọ ọgụgụ ndị a ma ama. === Colombia === A na-akụzi Ticuna Colombia n'asụsụ Spanish, mgbe ha nwere ohere ịga akwụkwọ ma ọlị. Kemgbe e hiwere ụlọ akwụkwọ Ticuna na Brazil ụfọdụ agbaala mbọ ịga ha  . === Ozi Ndị Kraịst === Ọtụtụ ozi Ndị Kraịst erutela ndị Ticuna. Ministri ndị a atụgharịwo Bible gaa n'asụsụ Ticuna, nweekwa ihe ngosi redio ụbọchị izu nke ndị Ministri Latịn America (LAM) na-agbasa na Ticuna, Portuguese na Spanish. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.latinamericanministries.net/ticuna/ucb-lam|title=Latin American Ministries – Project Ticuna}}</ref> == mmuta == E wezụga iji ya eme ihe n'ụlọ akwụkwọ Ticuna, asụsụ ahụ nwere akwụkwọ iri na abụọ a na-ebipụta kwa afọ, ma na Brazil na Peru. Akwụkwọ ndị ahụ na-eji usoro ederede ụda olu a haziri ahazi na-eji mgbakọ ndị yiri nke a na-achọta n'asụsụ Portuguese (ma e wezụga K kama C na akwụkwọ ozi Ñ kama NH) kama nrịbama sayensị dị mgbagwoju anya a chọtara, dịka ọmụmaatụ, na [[Language Museum|ebe ngosi nka asụsụ]] . N'ụlọ akwụkwọ, a na-akụzi Ticuna n'ụzọ nkịtị. A na-akụziri ụmụaka ndị nọ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ na mpaghara ndị ozi ala ọzọ Katọlik ma ọ bụ Portuguese ma ọ bụ Spanish. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=https://xapiri.com/pages/ticuna|title=Ticuna Indigenous Trive in Brazil and Colombia|accessdate=2025-03-03|archivedate=2017-07-30|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170730065656/https://xapiri.com/pages/ticuna}}</ref> == fonology == === Udaume === Ụdaume bụ {{IPA|/a e i ɨ u o/}} . Enwere ike ịgbanye ụdaume imi na/ma ọ bụ gosi ụda na-adịghị mma, nke a na-ewetu ụda n'okpuru. Enwere diphthongs {{IPA|/ai̯/}} na {{IPA|/au̯/}} nke na-ebu otu ụda, na-emegide usoro ụdaume {{IPA|/ai/}} na {{IPA|/au/}} nke na-ebu ụda abụọ. Udaume isii ahụ nwere ike ịbụ imi ma ọ bụ laryngealized. A na-asụpe ụdaume nke isii ''ü'' . {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" ! colspan="2" rowspan="2" | ! colspan="2" |N'ihu ! colspan="2" | Central ! colspan="2" | Azu |- ! oral ! nasal ! oral ! nasal ! oral ! nasal |- ! rowspan="2" | Mechie ! plain | i | ĩ | ɨ | ɨ̃ | u | ũ |- ! creaky | ḭ | ḭ̃ | ɨ̰ | ɨ̰̃ | ṵ | ṵ̃ |- ! rowspan="2" | N'etiti ! plain | e | ẽ | | | o | õ |- ! creaky | ḛ | ḛ̃ | | | o̰ | õ̰ |- ! rowspan="2" | Mepee ! plain | | | a | ã | | |- ! creaky | | | a̰ | ã̰ | | |} === Ụda === Ticuna bụ asụsụ ụda na-adịghị ahụkebe maka South America, nwere ihe karịrị ụda 10 na-abụkarị contour. Ticuna nwere otu n'ime ihe nrụpụta ụda kachasị ukwuu n'ụwa nwere ụda ụda 8–12 dabere na olumba. A na-egosipụta ụda naanị n'ụdị ederede, yana ụda olu, mgbe enwere <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2021)">ike</span>]]'' &#x5B; &#x5D;</sup> anya. === Consonants === Consonants nke Ticuna nwere fọnịm ndị a: {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" ! colspan="2" | ! Bilabial ! eze ! Palatal ! Velar ! Glottal |- ! rowspan="2" | Na-egbu egbu /<br /><br /><br /><br /> Mmekọrịta ! voiceless | p | t | ( ɟ ) | k | rowspan="2" | ʔ |- ! voiced | b | d | dʒ | g |- ! colspan="2" | imi | m | n | ɲ | ŋ | |- ! colspan="2" | Mmiri mmiri | | | ɾ | | |- ! colspan="2" | Mmanya | w | | j | | |} N'obodo, Ticuna enweghị mpụta ma ọ bụ uvular consonants, ọ bụ ezie na /l/ dị na ụfọdụ okwu mgbazinye Spanish. Njikọ ahụ {{IPA|/dʒ/}} Enwere ike ịkpọ (speedi "y") dị ka {{IPA|/ɟ/}}, <ref>{{Cite book|title=Lengua ticuna: resultados de fonología y sintaxis|author=Montes Rodríguez|first=María Emilia|year=2004}}</ref> na kwa {{IPA|/j/}}, ma ọ bụ naanị tupu ụdaume {{IPA|/a/}} . A Central {{IPA|/ɨ/}} Enwere ike ịkpọ ụda ụdaume dị ka azụ {{IPA|[ɯ]}} ụda. Ụda ndị ọzọ, {{IPA|/f s x l/}} dị na Spanish mgbazinye ego. Consonants nwekwara ike glottalized. A na-asụpe nkwụsị Glottal ''x.'' == Ọmụmụ ihe ọmụmụ == Ticuna bụ asụsụ na-ekewapụ onwe ya n'ụzọ morphological, nke pụtara na ọtụtụ okwu nwere naanị otu morpheme. Agbanyeghị, okwu Ticuna na-enwekarị ihe karịrị otu nkeji okwu, n'adịghị ka asụsụ kewapụrụ iche dị ka Vietnamese . N'ụdị, usoro okwu Ticuna bụ isiokwu-ngwaa-ihe (SVO), n'agbanyeghị na nke a nwere ike ịdịgasị iche n'asụsụ a. Nnyocha egosila na asụsụ ụda dịpụrụ adịpụ nwere ụda dị mgbagwoju anya nwere ike ime na mpaghara oke iru mmiri yana oke okpomoku dị elu n'ihi na ekwenyere na mpịaji olu nwere ike iwepụta ụda na-adịghị agbanwe agbanwe na oyi na-ekpo ọkụ. Ticuna bụ otu n'ime asụsụ ndị e lekwasịrị anya n'ihe ọmụmụ a n'ihi oke ya - yana mgbagwoju anya - nke ụda. <ref>{{Cite journal|author=Everett|first=Caleb|date=February 3, 2015|title=Climate, vocal folds, and tonal languages: Connecting the physiological and geographic dots|journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences|volume=112|issue=5|pages=1322–7|doi=10.1073/pnas.1417413112|pmid=25605876}}</ref> == Syntax == Ticuna na-egosiputa nhazi aha/nkwudo, ya na mmadụ, nọmba, klaasị aha, na ụdị nkebiokwu edepụtara na ngwaa site na proclitics. Ngwaa na-agbanwe agbanwe na nke na-adịghị agbanwe agbanwe na-amasịkarị isiokwu- (Ihe) - usoro okwu ngwaa, ebe ngwaa na-enweghị ebubo na-egosi mmasị maka usoro okwu ngwaa-isiokwu. <ref name=":3"/> == Okwu nkịtị <ref name=":2">{{Cite web|url=http://www.native-languages.org/ticuna_words.htm|title=Vocabularin in Native American Languages: Ticuna Words|work=Native Languages}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[http://www.native-languages.org/ticuna_words.htm "Vocabularin in Native American Languages: Ticuna Words"]. ''Native Languages''.</cite></ref> == {| class="wikitable" !Okwu Ticuna ! Pụtara |- | Wụxi | Otu |- | Ụtụ isi | Abụọ |- | Tomaxixpü | Atọ |- | Ãgụmücü | Anọ |- | Ngwa mixepüx | Ise |- | Naixmixwa rü wüxi | Isii |- | Naixmixwa rü taxre | Asaa |- | Naixmixwa rü tomaxixpü | Asato |- | Naixmixwa rü ãgümücü | Itoolu |- | Guxmixepüx | Iri |- | Chatü | Nwoke |- | Ngexüi | Nwanyị |- | Airu | Nkịta |- | Yake | Anyanwụ |- | Ememe | Ọnwa |- | Dexá | Mmiri |} Okwu ọnụ na Ticuna na-egosi usoro ngụkọ isi ise dịka okwu ise bụ nchikota nke "otu ise". Isii rue itoolu nwere otu mmalite "naixmixwa rü" wee tinye ụkpụrụ maka otu site na anọ n'otu n'otu (nke ahụ bụ "naixmixwa rü" na "wüxi" pụtara otu). <ref name=":2"/> === Ọmụmaatụ nke asụsụ asụ === Enwere ike ịchọta ihe atụ nke Ticuna a na-ekwu okwu [http://files.globalrecordings.net/audio/language/mp3/sample-1675.mp3 ebe a] . <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://globalrecordings.net/en/language/1675|title=Global Recordings – Ticuna Language}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" !Akpaokwu <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://users.elite.net/runner/jennifers/Greetings%20T.htm#Ticuna|title=Greetings in more than 3000 languages}}</ref> ! Pụtara |- | Nuxmaxē pa corix | ekele izugbe a gwara nwoke ("sir") |- | Nuxmaxē pa chiurax | ekele izugbe a gwara nwanyị ("madam") |- | Nuxmaxē pa yimax | ekele izugbe a gwara nwoke (“onye ibe”) |- | Nuxmaxē pa woxrecü | ekele izugbe a gwara nwanyị ("nwa agbọghọ") |- | Nuxmaxē pa pcüx | ekele izugbe a gwara otu nwa agbọghọ ("miss") |- | Nuxmaxē pa chomücüx | ekele izugbe gwara enyi ya |- | Nuxmax | ekele izugbe gwara onye ọbịbịa |- | Kedu ihe kpatara ya? | Ebee ka ị na-aga? (kwuru otu onye) |- | Gịnị mere? | Ebee ka ị na-aga? (gwara otu ìgwè) |- | Ngexta ne cuxū? | Ebee ka i si bia? (kwuru otu onye) |- | Ngexta ne pexī? | Ebee ka i si bia? (gwara otu ìgwè) |} === Okwu (Loukotka 1968) === Loukotka (1968) depụtara ihe ndị a bụ isi okwu. <ref name="Loukotka">{{Cite book|author=Loukotka|first=Čestmír|authorlink=Čestmír Loukotka|title=Classification of South American Indian languages|url=https://archive.org/details/classificationof0007louk|publisher=UCLA Latin American Center|year=1968|location=Los Angeles}}</ref> {| class="wikitable sortable" !kenkowaputa ! Tucuna |- | otu | woi |- | abuo | tadi |- | atọ | mmapo |- | isi | na-eró |- | nti | na-chin |- | eze | ná-puita |- | nwoke | yáte |- | ọkụ | ọo |- | anyanwụ | ọke |- | ụwa | nka |- | ọka | chawue |- | tapir | nka |} == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * [https://www.sil.org/resources/archives/30245 "Tikuna mkparịta ụka"] - Ticuna N'ezie na ụtọ asụsụ na Summer Institute of Linguistics * [https://www.sil.org/resources/search/language/tca/online/1 Akwụkwọ Ticuna maka nbudata] * [http://www.language-archives.org/language/tca Ngwa OLAC na gbasara asụsụ Ticuna] * [[hdl:10125/24972|Akwụkwọ asụsụ Ticuna (tca): Ntuziaka maka ihe dị na ebe nchekwa Asụsụ California (Skilton 2021)]] [[Otú:All articles with unsourced statements]] [[Otú:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 0s45w0m9bbj53sjc6ehwsuhei31o7nz 0 56206 727495 200914 2026-09-24T03:42:04Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727495 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faịlụ:Witch_Bottles_Curse_Protection.jpg|thumb|Bottle ndị amoosu]] Bottle witch bụ ihe ndekọ apotropaic eji eme ihe dị ka ihe ọmụma nke amoosu.  A na-achọta ha n'ihe ihe ndị mere eme sitere na England na United States.  Ihe mbụ a mbụ aha bụ site na mbụ adọ nke iri na asaa n'England. == Mmalite na nzube == Otu n'ime mbụ nke karama amoosu na Suffolk, England, bụ na 1681 na Joseph Glanvill's Saducismus Triumphatus, ma ọ bụ Ihe gbasara gbasara ndị amoosu na ihe ngosi.:   akara ọመልካ ala n'oge ọgbara ọhụrụ ọ bụ omenala a na-ama izochi ihe dị ka ihe ndị e dere ede, nwamba kpara nkụ, Okpokoro isi ụgbọ, Akpụkpọ ụkwụ zoro ezo, na karama ndị amoosu n'ime ụlọ.[2][3]  Anwansi omenala na-ekwu na karama ndị na-amoosu na-echebe egbochi mgbasa ozi na-ekiri, ma na-ama ọgwụ ndị amoosu;  ha bụ ngwaọrụ anọ;  fim ya bụ ụdị ma jide ngwaahịa na-emetụta ndị nwe ha. == Nkọwa == Ụfọdụ n'ime karama ndị amoosu mbụ e dere ede nwere ite nkume nnu a na-akpọ Bartmann jugs, Bellarmines, ma ọ bụ "Greybeards".  A na-akpọ Bellarmines aha onye Inquisitor na-atụ egwu, Robert Bellarmine, onye kpagburu ndị Protestant ma nye aka n'ịkpọ Giordano Bruno ọkụ.  A na-eji ihe ndị na-acha nchara nchara ma ọ bụ na-acha ntụ ntụ mee Greybeards na Bellarmines nke e ji nnu mee ma jiri ihu nwere afụ ọnụ ọnụ ya mma. == Nkwadebe == [[Faịlụ:Witch-bottle.jpg|thumb|Bottle witch nke narị afọ nke iri na itoolu sitere na Lincolnshire, England, na ihe dị n'ime ya]] onye amoosu ọcha ma ọ bụ onye na ọrịa ga- ike karama onye amoosu ahụ.  N'ihi ihe mere eme, karama onye amoosu ahụ nwere mamịrị, ntutu ma ọ bụ ntú, ma ọ bụ eriri uhie sitere n'ọnyà sprite.  Mgbe e hụ, a na-e akara karama ndị amoosu na rosemary, agịga na pin, na na-acha ọkụ.  N'okpuru ọkụ ụlọ, ma ọ bụ tinye ya n'ebe a na-ahụ ahụkebe n'ama ahụ.  Ekwenyere na mgbe e liri ya, karama ahụ na-ejide ihe ihe nke a na-akpọgide na pin na agịga, na-egbu ya, ma chụpụ ya na rosemary.. Mgbe ụfọdụ, a na-eji mmiri mmiri ma ọ bụ ala eme ihe. Ụdị karama ndị ọzọ nwere ike ịnwe ájá, nkume, eriri, ábụ́bà, mkpokoro, ahịhịa, okooko osisi, nnu, vinegar, mmanụ, mkpụrụ ego, ma ọ bụ ntụ. Ngwaọrụ anwansi yiri nke ahụ bụ "lemon na pins". Mgbanwe ọzọ dị n'ime ihe a na-etinye na karama ahụ. A tụbara karama ụfọdụ nke ndị amoosu n'ime ọkụ ma mgbe ha gbawara, a kwụsịrị ịgba afa ma ọ bụ gbuo onye amoosu ahụ. E ta na karama ndị amoosu na-arụ ọrụ ma ọ na karama ahụ ikike na-ezo ma mba ịgbaji.  Ndị mmadụ nwere ọtụtụ nsogbu n'ịdebe karama ndị amoosu ha - a Hindura ndị e liri n'okpuru ọkụ ọkụ mgbe a kwatuchara ụlọ ndị ọzọ ma ọ bụ n'ụzọ ọzọ furu efu.   Mmalite nke ọdịnala a ka a mgbasa ma ọ ị chọrọ ala na ike awụ nke iri na isii.  N'oge ochie, a na-eji nkume eme karama ndị ahụ ma nwee ike mbọ na-agba nchara, mamịrị, ogwu ntutu, ịhụ nsso, na-ama iko, osisi, na ọkpụkpụ.. == N'England == <ref>{{Cite news|author=Hill, Gibbons|first=Rose, Brett|date=2019-12-30|title=Antiques Roadshow specialist finally discovers he drank urine instead of 150-year-old port on programme|url=https://www.birminghammail.co.uk/news/showbiz-tv/antiques-roadshow-specialist-finally-discovers-17487211|work=The Birmingham Mail|accessdate=2020-01-04}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|author=Simpson|first=Craig|date=2019-12-30|title=Antiques Roadshow expert quaffed urine thinking it was port|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2019/12/30/antiques-roadshow-expert-quaffed-urine-thinking-port/|work=The Daily Telegraph|accessdate=2019-12-30}}</ref> Ụdị "ọgwụ a" 1911 Ahụ na ndị amoosu siri ike.   A na- karama ndị ahụ e liri n'okpuru ọkụ, n'okpuru ala, ma tinye ha n'ime akwụkwọ.  N'afọ 2016, e sere karama iko a mmekọrịta e liri n'ọnụ ụzọ ụlọ nwoke n'otu ihe omume nke Antiques Roadshow nke e mere na Trelissick, Cornwall;  fim n'ihe nkiri iko Andy McConnell detụrụ obere ihe dị n'ime ya na-ekwu na ọ nwere ike ịbụ ụgbọ mmiri ma ọ bụ omume ọ bụ ọ bụ ọ bụrụ na ọ tara na ọ na ọ na-atọ ụtọ na-agba nchara na-eme, ihe omume ọzọ na Mahadum Loughborough ihera na ọ nwere "m, obere obere" n'iji brass.  A na-eche na ọ bụ karama amoosu. == Na Belgium == N'oge a na-emezigharị ụlọ mmanya De Zwarte Ruiter na Turnhout, Belgium, na 2020 a chọtara ite sitere na narị afọ nke iri na isii. A na-eji ya eme ihe iji gbochie amoosu. Ọ bụ oge mbụ a chọtara "bottle amoosu" dị otú ahụ na Europe na-abụghị England.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Adriaensen|first=Wouter|date=2022-10-07|title=Eerste Europese heksenfles gevonden in Turnhout: "Kruik werd gevuld met urine, haar en nagels om heksen te bestrijden" (Jar was filled with urine, hair and nails to fight witches)|url=https://www.gva.be/cnt/dmf20221006_94679029|work=De Gazet Van Antwerpen|accessdate=2022-10-07}}</ref> == Na United States == Ka ọ dị ugbu a, a chọpụtala ihe na-erughị karama iri na abụọ nke ndị amoosu na United States.[7] Onye na-amụ banyere ihe ndị e gwupụtara n'ala bụ Marshall Becker bụ onye mbụ chọpụtara karama ndị amoosu America n'ihe gbasara ihe ndị e sengumunaka n'ala. [8] A maara dị ka karama amoosu Essington, a chọtara ihe ahụ n'oge a na-egwu ihe na Great Tinicum Island na Delaware County, Pennsylvania. Otu ebe ohu ma ọ bụ onye bi na Dorchester County, Maryland, nke dị n'etiti narị afọ nke iri na itoolu ruo mmalite narị afọ nke abụọ, wepụtara karama ndị amoosu e liri n'ala nke ihe nkedo ya na-ejikọta ya na pin ndị kwụ ọtọ. N'afọ 2016, e gwupụtara otu karama jupụtara na mbọ n'ọkụ nke ebe [[Agha Obodo America|Agha Obodo]] dị na Virginia ma yie ka ọ bụ karama amoosu. == Hụkwa ==   == Ihe odide == '''Ihe edeturu'''{{Reflist}}'''Akwụkwọ'''   == Ịgụ ihe ọzọ == * [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Ụwa Ọchịchịrị nke ndị amoosu. New York: A.S. Barnes & Co., 1962 * [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Ihe nzuzo nke East Anglian Magic. London: Robert Hale, 1995 * [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] "The Usage of Witch-Bottles and Apotropaic Charms in Cornwall" ''Old Cornwall'' 12, No. 6 (2000) pp. 25-30&nbsp; == Njikọ mpụga == * [http://www.apotropaios.co.uk/ Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ Brian Hoggard na karama ndị amoosu na ihe ndị ọzọ apotropaic] * "17th Century Urine-Fist 'Witch Bottle' Found", MSNBC.com, 4 June 2009 * [https://web.archive.org/web/20091031071525/http://www.archaeology.org/online/features/halloween/witch_bottle.html Otu karama ndị amoosu America] * Bottles e liri: The Archaeology of Witchcraft and Sympathetic Magic, M. Chris Manning * [https://web.archive.org/web/20121228011712/http://www.archaeology.org/online/features/halloween/opening_witch_bottle/ Ịmeghe karama ndị amoosu] * Witch Bottle, Jefferson Patterson Park na Museum, Maryland * Igbe Ntụmọkpọ nke narị afọ nke iri na itoolu si Lincolnshire, England, Portable Antiquities Scheme. * [http://mosoho.blogspot.co.uk/2012/04/bellarmine-jars.html Arịa Bellarmine nke Mosoho] * [https://www.lorepodcast.com/episodes/156 Lore Podcast Episode 156: Bottled Up] 829lt99npxw58x9xzaguq6drjhx27hk 0 59188 727438 692779 2026-09-23T19:31:23Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727438 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Munya''' ma ọ bụ '''Muya''' ( simplified Chinese ; nakwa ''Manyak''{{Lang|zh|曼牙科}}, <ref>{{Cite web|title=Manyak|url=https://irp-cdn.multiscreensite.com/5ddddb20/files/uploaded/manyak.pdf|accessdate=2021-11-02}}</ref> ''Menia''么呢阿; <ref>{{Cite web|title=Menia|url=http://asiaharvest.org/wp-content/themes/asia/docs/people-groups/China/chinaPeoples/M/Menia.pdf|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150610224513/https://www.asiaharvest.org/wp-content/themes/asia/docs/people-groups/China/chinaPeoples/M/Menia.pdf|archivedate=2015-06-10}}</ref> Tibetan bụ otu n'ime asụsụ Qiangic a na-asụ na China. Enwere olumba abụọ, Western na Eastern, nke na-enweghị nghọta n'etiti ha. Ikeda Takumi mere ọtụtụ nyocha gbasara Munya. Enwere ihe dị ka puku asụsụ abụọ. == Aha == Asụpela asụsụ ahụ n'ụzọ dị iche iche, gụnyere ''Manyak'', ''Menya'', ''Minyag'', na ''Minyak'' . Aha ndị ọzọ maka asụsụ ahụ bụ ''Boba'' na ''Miyao'' . == Olumba == ''Ethnologue'' (mbipụta 21st) depụtara olumba Muya abụọ, ya bụ Eastern (Nyagrong) na Western (Darmdo). A na-asụ Muya * Shimian County, Ya'an * Obodo Jiulong * Kangding Sun (1991) akwụkwọ Muya (木雅) nke [[Liuba Township|obodo Liuba]] (六坝乡), [[Shade District]] (沙德区), Kangding County (康定县), Sichuan . == fonology == {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+Consonants<ref name="namkung96">{{Cite journal|author=Namkung|first=Ju|date=1996|title=Phonological Inventories of Tibeto-Burman Languages|url=https://stedt.berkeley.edu/pubs_and_prods/STEDT_Monograph3_Phonological-Inv-TB.pdf|journal=Sino-Tibetan Etymological Dictionary and Thesaurus Monograph Series|issue=3}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFNamkung1996">Namkung, Ju (1996). Matisoff, James A. (ed.). [https://stedt.berkeley.edu/pubs_and_prods/STEDT_Monograph3_Phonological-Inv-TB.pdf "Phonological Inventories of Tibeto-Burman Languages"] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. ''Sino-Tibetan Etymological Dictionary and Thesaurus Monograph Series'' (3). University of California, Berkeley.</cite></ref> ! colspan="2" | !Labial !Alveolar !Retroflex !Alveolo-palatal !Velar !Uvular !Glottal |- ! rowspan="3" |Plosive !<small>oral</small> |{{IPA link|p}} {{IPA link|b}} |{{IPA link|t}} {{IPA link|d}} | | |{{IPA link|k}} {{IPA link|g}} |{{IPA link|q}} {{IPA link|ɢ}} | |- !<small>aspirated</small> |{{IPA link|pʰ}} |{{IPA link|tʰ}} | | |{{IPA link|kʰ}} |{{IPA link|qʰ}} | |- !<small>prenasalized</small> |{{IPA link|ᵐpʰ}} {{IPA link|ᵐb}} |{{IPA link|ⁿtʰ}} {{IPA link|ⁿd}} | | |{{IPA link|ᵑkʰ}} {{IPA link|ᵑg}} |{{IPA link|ᶰqʰ}} {{IPA link|ᶰɢ}} | |- ! rowspan="3" |Affricate !<small>oral</small> | |{{IPA link|ts}} {{IPA link|dz}} |{{IPA link|ʈʂ}} {{IPA link|ɖʐ}} |{{IPA link|tɕ}} {{IPA link|dʑ}} | | | |- !<small>aspirated</small> | |{{IPA link|tsʰ}} |{{IPA link|ʈʂʰ}} |{{IPA link|tɕʰ}} | | | |- !<small>prenasalized</small> | |{{IPA link|ⁿtsʰ}} {{IPA link|ⁿdz}} |{{IPA link|ⁿʈʂʰ}} {{IPA link|ⁿɖʐ}} |{{IPA link|ⁿtɕʰ}} {{IPA link|ⁿdʑ}} | | | |- ! colspan="2" |Fricative |{{IPA link|f}} {{IPA link|v}} |{{IPA link|s}} {{IPA link|z}} |{{IPA link|ʂ}} {{IPA link|ʐ}} |{{IPA link|ɕ}} {{IPA link|ʑ}} |{{IPA link|x}} {{IPA link|ɣ}} |{{IPA link|χ}} {{IPA link|ʁ}} |{{IPA link|h}} {{IPA link|ɦ}} |- ! colspan="2" |Nasal |{{IPA link|m}} |{{IPA link|n}} | |{{IPA link|ɲ}} |{{IPA link|ŋ}} | | |- ! colspan="2" |Approximant |{{IPA link|w}} |{{IPA link|l}} | |{{IPA link|j}} | | | |} * /ʑ/ nwere ike ịnụ mgbe ụfọdụ ka [r]. {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+Udaume <ref name="namkung96" /> ! rowspan="2" | ! colspan="2" | N'ihu ! rowspan="2" | Central ! rowspan="2" | Azu |- ! <small>Agbaghị gburugburu</small> ! <small>Gburugburu</small> |- ! Elu | i ĩ | y | ɯɯ̰ | u ũ |- ! Ọkara-elu | e ẽ | ø | | o õ |- ! Ọkara-ala | ɛ ɛ̃ | | | ɔ |- ! Dị ala | æ æ̰ | | ɐɐ̰ | ɑ ɑ̃ |} Tụkwasị na nke ahụ, a hụwo diphthong ndị a: /yi/, /ui/, /ie/, /ye/, /ue/, /uø/, /iɛ̃/, /yɛ/, /yɛ̃/, /uɛ/, /uæ/, /uæ ike/, /yɐ/, /uæ ike/, /uɐ/, /yɑ/, /uɐ/, /yɑ/, /uɑ/. Muya nwekwara ụda anọ: <ref name="namkung96" /> * [˥] - elu, ọkwa * [˥˧] - elu-ada * [˧˥] - elu elu * [˧] - etiti, larịị == Omenala ama ama == Na 2008, Bamu, onye na-abụ abụ na Jiuzhaigou Art Troupe na Aba Tibetan na Qiang Autonomous Prefecture na Sichuan, dekọtara album nke egwu Muya (木雅七韵). <ref>{{Cite news|author=Huang|first=Zhiling|date=2014-05-27|title=Chasing the Fading Music|work=China Daily USA|url=http://usa.chinadaily.com.cn/epaper/2014-05/27/content_17544535.htm|quote=One woman's passion for the songs of a remote ethnic people may save not only the Muya's music, but the language itself. Huang Zhiling reports from Chengdu. Muya music might already be lost if Yang Hua had not given up her job as a mathematics teacher." ..."After the recording was over, Bamu told Yang it was a folk song of the Muya people. The song told how a girl working outside her hometown misses her mom, who says jewelry does not mean anything if one is not educated, and the singer wishes her mom good health. "It was the first time I heard the word 'Muya'," Yang says.|archive-date=2025-05-24|access-date=2025-03-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250524072151/http://usa.chinadaily.com.cn/epaper/2014-05/27/content_17544535.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} == Akwụkwọ akụkọ ==   cy3tvrj1le9tpqugfnfaf2fk5lldyp1 0 59486 727520 707111 2026-09-24T05:28:33Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727520 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faịlụ:Castle_of_Good_Hope_Entrance_(1682).jpg|thumb|Castle of Good Hope]] <ref name="places" /> Castle nke Ezi Olileanya ( ;  )[1] bụ ebe mgbakwasị ụkwụ nke narị afọ nke 17 na Cape Town, South Africa.  N'ịbụ nke dị na ụsọ oké osimiri nke Table Bay, na-esote mweghachi ala, ebe nchekwa ahụ dị ugbu a n'ime ime obodo.[2]  [3] Na 1936 ka ekwuputara Castle ahụ ka ọ bụrụ ihe ncheta akụkọ ihe mere eme (ugbu a ebe ihe nketa mpaghara) na-esochi mweghachi na 1980s, a na-ewere ya dị ka ihe atụ echekwara kacha mma nke ụlọ ọrụ Dutch East India. == Akụkọ ihe mere eme == N'ịbụ nke ndị ọrụ Dutch East India Company wuru n'etiti afọ 1666 na 1679, Castle bụ ụlọ ochie ochie dị na South Africa.  [1] Ọ nọchiri ebe e wusiri ike ochie a na-akpọ Fort de Goede Hoop nke e ji ụrọ na osisi wuo ma Jan van Riebeeck wuru mgbe ọ rutere Cape of Good Hope na 1652.[2]    [peeji dị mkpa]E wuru ebe mgbaba abụọ, Redoubt Kyckuit (Lookout) na Redoubt Duijnhoop (Duneheap) n'ọnụ njikọ Nnu na 1654.Ebumnuche nke ndị Dutch bi na Cape bụ ọrụ dị ka ebe a na-mọ mmiri maka ụgbọ mmiri na-agafe n' Indonesia egwu dị gburugburu Cape na [[Netherlands]] njem na Dutch njem n' Indonesia. N'afọ 1664, dị n'etiti Great Britain na Netherlands bilitere n'etiti asịrị agha.  N'otu afɔ ahụ, Commander Zakaria Wagenaer, onye nọchiri Jan van Riebeeck, bụ onye Kọmishana Isbrand Goske nyere iwu ka o jiri nkume wuo ebe e wusiri ike.  A tọgbọ mbụ mbụ na mbụ 2, 1666. Ọ bụ ndị ohu ọrụ n'ụdị ụfọdụ nke ebe ahụ e wusiri ike.  VOC ejighị n'aka ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ndị bi n'ahụ ma si otú a na-atụ egwu nnupụisi ma ọ bụrụ na ha mee ha ohu;  kama nke ahụ, ha tụrụ ihe ruru ndị ohu 60,000 si [[Madagascar]], [[Mozambique]], Dutch-Indies, na India.[1]  A na-akpaghasị ọrụ ugboro ugboro n'ihi na ụlọ ọrụ Dutch East India na-ala azụ imefu ego na ọrụ ahụ.  N'abụ iri abụọ na isii n'afọ nke n'afọ 1679, a ike ise ahụ aha aha William nke Atọ nke Orange-Nassau: Leerdam n'ebe ihie, na Buuren, Katzenellenbogen, Nassau, na Oranje n' hore elekere site na ya.[2]    [peeji dị mkpa] A na-eji aha ndị a eme ihe dị ka aha okporo amá na mpaghara dị iche iche, mana nke adi na Cape Town, dị ka Stellenberg, Bellville. N'afọ 1682, ọnụ ụzọ mbata ahụ dochiri ọnụ ụzọ mbido ochie, nke chere ihu n'oké osimiri. E wuru ụlọ mgbịrịgba, nke dị n'elu ọnụ ụzọ mbata, na 1684 - mgbịrịgba mbụ, nke kachasị ochie na South Africa, bụ nke onye na-eme mgbịrịgba n'Ebe Ọwụwa Anyanwụ Fremy kpụrụ na Amsterdam na 1697, ọ dịkwa ihe karịrị kilogram 300 (660 . A na-eji ya akpọsa oge, yana ịdọ ụmụ amaala aka ná ntị ma ọ bụrụ na e nwere ihe ize ndụ, ebe ọ bụ na a na-anụ ya n'ebe dị kilomita iri. A na-akpọkwa ya iji kpọọ ndị bi na ndị agha mgbe a chọrọ ọkwa dị mkpa.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.cape-town.org/ShowSite.asp?SecId=1&MemId=142|title=Welcome to the Castle of Good Hope|accessdate=2010-09-08|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110911180927/http://www.cape-town.org/ShowSite.asp?SecId=1&MemId=142|archivedate=11 September 2011}}</ref> N'oge ọ na, de Choisy zutere Kọmishana General Dutch na onye agha French aha ya bụ de Saint-Martin, ebe ndị ọzọ so n'òtù ahụ na- nta n'ahụ maka "partridges, roe deer na turtledoves".  Kọmishana-Jenal gbakwunyere obere ezi na sitere sitere na Canary Islands na nri ha, na-egosi ha nwere.  [9] de Choisy kwuru na n'oge ahụ, ihe ụmụaka ụgbọ mmiri iri abụọ na ise nke Dutch East India Company na-achọ kwa afụ na Cape iji ike, ebelata osisi na akwụkwọ nri.. [9] Ebe e wusiri ike nwere ụlọ ụka, ebe a na-eme ụlọ, ụlọ ọrụ dị iche iche, ebe obibi, ụlọ ọrụ, na ọnụ ụlọ ọrụ, n'etiti ihe ndị ọzọ.  A nna ágbá na-acha odo odo na akwụkwọ n'ihi na ọ na-belbelụ nke ọmụmụ na ọmụmụ.  Mgbidi, nke e wuru iji chebe ụmụ amaala ma ọ bụrụ na ikike, kewara ụgbọ dị n'ime, nke see De Kat Balcony, nke Louis Michel Thibault ikpe na ihe ndị e sere na ihe ndị a atụ nke Anton Anreith.  E wuru nke mbụ na 1695, mana e wu egwuregwu ya n'ụdị ọ dị ugbu a n'etiti 1786 na 1790. Site na veranda, a mara ọkwa ndị agha, ndị ohu na ndị obodo Cape. N'oge Agha nke ịhụnanya nke Boer (1899-1902), e ji nke nnukwu ụlọ ahụ mee ihe dị ka ụlọ, ụlọ ndị mbụ ka dị ruo taa.  Fritz Joubert Duquesne, onye e mechara mara dị ka nwoke gburugburu Kitchener na onye ndú nke Duquesne Spy Ring, bụ otu n'ime ndị bi na ya a ma ama.  Mgbidi nke nnukwu ụlọ ahụ dị oke arọ, mana n'iji n'akụkụ, Duquesne ji spoon gwupụta simenti gburugburu.  Ọ echiche nke nta ka ọ gbapụ n'otu ụzọ, mana nnukwu nkume dara ma tinye ya n'ime mmiri mmiri ya.  N'ụtụ echi ya, onye nche ebe ya na-egosi onwe ya mana ọ dị ndụ.<ref name="chances">{{Cite book|author=Burnham|first=Frederick Russell|authorlink=Frederick Russell Burnham|title=Taking Chances|url=https://archive.org/details/takingchances0000fred|publisher=Haynes Corp|date=1944|location=Los Angeles, California|isbn=1-879356-32-5}}</ref> N'afọ 1936, a mara Castle ahụ dị ka ihe ọmụmụ ihe mere eme (site na 1969 a maara dị ka Ihe ngosi mba na 1 mọdị 2000 Ebe nketa mpaghara), ebe mbụ na South Africa a ga-echebe ya.[1]  A rụzuru nrụzi dị ukwuu na'afọ ndị 1980 na-eme ka Castle ọ bụrụ ihe atụ ngosi mma nke ụlọ ọrụ Dutch East India Company.<ref name="places">{{Cite web|url=http://www.places.co.za/html/ct_castle.html|title=Castle of Good Hope|work=places.co.za|accessdate=8 September 2010|archivedate=13 April 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190413070754/https://www.places.co.za/html/ct_castle.html}}</ref> Castle ọrụ dị ka isi ụlọ ọrụ nke Ndị agha South Africa na Western Cape, ma taa nwere Castle Military Museum na ebe mmemme maka omenala Cape Regiments.  Castle bụkwa ebe obibi nke Cape Town Highlanders Regiment, otu ndị agha na-arụ ọrụ. == Ebe Ngosi Ihe Nketa nke Cape == Ebe ngosi nka Cape Heritage, nke dị n'ime Castle nke Good Hope na South Africa, bụ nke Maazị Igshaan Higgins na-elekọta. Ebe ngosi nka a na-enye akụkọ zuru oke nke akụkọ ihe mere eme nke South Africa, na-eme ka mmekọrịta dị n'etiti obodo dị iche iche dị ka Khoi, San, na Dutch, site na oge dị iche iche gụnyere ọchịchị na ịkpa ókè agbụrụ pụta ìhè. Ebumnuche ya bụ inye echiche ziri ezi banyere ihe nketa dị iche iche nke mba ahụ na ihe dị mgbagwoju anya gara aga. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Slave Heritage Museum {{!}} An unedited history of South Africa|url=https://slaveheritagemuseum.org/|accessdate=2024-03-12|language=en-US|archive-date=2025-02-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250228043921/https://slaveheritagemuseum.org/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=Explorer|first=Museum|date=2023-02-20|title=Cape Heritage Museum|url=https://museumexplorer.co.za/cape-heritage-museum/|accessdate=2024-03-12|work=Museum Explorer SA|language=en-US}}</ref> == Ihe nnọchianya == Tupu a dochie ya na 2003, a na-eji ọdịdị pụrụ iche nke ụlọ elu pentagonal mee ihe na ọkọlọtọ ndị agha South Africa, bụrụ ihe ndabere nke ụfọdụ akara ọkwa nke ndị isi na n'elu, ma jiri ya mee ihe na ụgbọ elu South African Air Force.<gallery> Faịlụ:Kasteel_van_Goede_Hoop_binnenkant_hoofdingang.JPG|Inner view of the entrance Faịlụ:South_Africa_Cape_Town_Castle_Flags.jpg|The six historical flags that have flown over the Cape, in chronological order from right to left: the Prince's Flag, the flag of Great Britain, the Batavian flag, the flag of the United Kingdom, the old South African flag, and the [[Ọkọlọtọ nke South Africa|current South African flag]] Faịlụ:Pediment_above_enterance_to_CT_Castle.jpg|Pediment above entrance to castle. Faịlụ:Castle_of_Good_Hope,_Cape_Town_02.jpg|Entrance of main building Faịlụ:Castle_of_Good_Hope,_Cape_Town_04.jpg|A cannon in the castle Faịlụ:Castle_of_Good_Hope_-_model_of_the_castle_in_1710-90.jpg|A model of the castle as it would have appeared between 1710 and 1790. Faịlụ:Castle_of_Good_Hope_(5).jpg|alt= Faịlụ:Castle_of_Good_Hope,_2014_5.jpg|The courtyard with the main entrance on the left Faịlụ:Castle_of_Good_Hope_-_museum.jpg|The old museum Faịlụ:Castle_of_Good_Hope_(7).jpg|The main entrance from inside the Castle Faịlụ:Castle_of_Good_Hope,_2014.jpg|The Castle is surrounded by a canal Faịlụ:Lady_Anne_Barnard's_bath_at_the_Castle_of_Good_Hope,_Cape_Town.jpg|Lady Anne Barnard fountain Faịlụ:Castle_of_Good_Hope_-_lion_4.jpg|alt= Faịlụ:9_2_018_0056-The_Castle_Inside-Cape_Town-s.jpg|The fountain inside the Castle Faịlụ:Castle_of_Good_Hope_(11).jpg|The Lady of the Cape of Good Hope Sculpture </gallery> == Hụkwa == * Ihe ndị e wusiri ike na Cape Peninsula * Akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Cape Colony Tupu afọ 1806 * Mgbọ Eche * Ndepụta nke ụlọ elu na mgbidi na South Africa * Ụlọ Olileanya (ogige siri ike) == Ihe edeturu == <nowiki>.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</nowiki> == Ihe odide == {{Reflist|30em}} === Ebe e si nweta ya ===   == Ịgụ ihe ọzọ == * {{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=l53FAQAACAAJ|title=The Castle of Good Hope, Cape Town|author=Lalou Meltzer|publisher=Art Link|year=1997|isbn=0-620-20823-6}} * Ras, A.C. (1959). ''Die Kasteel na Ander Vroe Kaapse Vestingwerke''. Tafelberg-Uitgewers * {{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SO2CGwAACAAJ|title=300 years of the Castle at Cape Town|author=Eric Rosenthal|publisher=H.M. Joynt|year=1966}} == Njikọ mpụga == {{Commons category}} * Official website * {{Cite web|url=http://www.aboutcapetown.com/castle.htm|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20040606135327/http://www.aboutcapetown.com/castle.htm|archivedate=6 June 2004|title=Description on tourism website}} * {{Cite web|url=http://www.iziko.org.za/castle/castle.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080516062828/http://www.iziko.org.za/castle/castle.html|title=Castle of Good Hope on the Iziko Museums of Cape Town website|archivedate=16 May 2008}} * {{Cite web|url=http://www.fortified-places.com/capetown/|title=Castle of Good Hope on the Fortified Places website}} * Site by Castle of Good Hope, naSAHRA [[Otú:Pages with unreviewed translations]] spe0fcnj8azr719mrby61au3wq94mli 0 59581 727571 623508 2026-09-24T09:19:46Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727571 wikitext text/x-wiki Sonia Kayitesi, nke a na-akpọkarị Dj Sonia amụrụ Ọktoba 31, 1998 (afọ 26) na Huye District, [[Rwanda]] nye Pio Nkubito na Mathlide Mukarutesi bụ nwanyị Rwandan disc jockey, [1] nwanyị ọchụnta ego, onye nhazi mmemme, ihe nlereanya na onye ejiji. == Mbido ndụ na ọrụ == Ọ sonyeere deejaying Career kemgbe 2019.[1] A maara ya nke ọma maka ọrụ ya na Music of Rwanda site na mmemme ntozu iko mba ụwa.[2] O nyere aka na emume Rwanda nke inye nwa ọhụrụ gorilla aha, nke a ma ama dị ka Kwita Izina..<ref>{{Cite journal|date=August 31, 2023|title=Global leaders, sports legends, artists and conservation champions to name baby mountain gorillas in Rwanda's Kwita Izina celebration|url=https://rdb.rw/global-leaders-sports-legends-artists-and-conservation-champions-to-name-baby-mountain-gorillas-in-rwandas-kwita-izina-celebration/|journal=RDB News}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=Gatera|first=Emmanuel|date=2023-03-08|title=Tracing the journey of female DJs in Rwanda|url=https://www.newtimes.co.rw/article/5578/entertainment/music/tracing-the-journey-of-female-djs-in-rwanda|accessdate=2023-12-13|work=[[ The New Times (Rwanda) ]]|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=Irakoze|first=Eliane|date=2021-10-18|title=The top female deejays in Rwanda|url=https://www.newtimes.co.rw/article/190390/Entertainment/the-top-female-deejays-in-rwanda|accessdate=2023-12-12|work=The New Times|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=Mandala|first=Esha Saxena|date=2023-03-08|title=Tracing the journey of female DJs in Rwanda|url=https://kigalidailynews.com/tracing-the-journey-of-female-djs-in-rwanda/|accessdate=2024-02-02|work=KIGALI DAILY NEWS|language=en-US|archivedate=2024-02-02|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240202182330/https://kigalidailynews.com/tracing-the-journey-of-female-djs-in-rwanda/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=Gatera|first=Emmanuel|date=2024-02-19|title=It's a dream come true - DJ Sonia on her Youth Excellence Awards nomination|url=https://sensmagazine.com/rw/its-a-dream-come-true-dj-sonia-on-her-youth-excellence-awards-nomination/|accessdate=2024-05-22|work=SENS Magazine Rwanda|language=en-US|archive-date=2024-05-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240522091816/https://sensmagazine.com/rw/its-a-dream-come-true-dj-sonia-on-her-youth-excellence-awards-nomination/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=Gatera|first=Emmanuel|date=2024-06-14|title=Music creators laud Recording Academy's expansion plan to Rwanda|url=https://www.newtimes.co.rw/article/17659/entertainment/music/music-creators-laud-recording-academys-expansion-plan-to-rwanda|accessdate=2024-08-02|work=The New Times|language=en}}</ref> Sonia egwuriwo egwu n'ọtụtụ egwu dị iche iche, gụnyere Silent Disco, Decent Entertainment, Giants of Africa, <ref>{{Cite web|author=Kirezi|first=Precious|date=2023-08-20|title=Photos: Davido, Tiwa Savage close Giants of Africa festival in style|url=https://www.newtimes.co.rw/article/10055/entertainment/music/photos-davido-tiwa-savage-close-giants-of-africa-festival-in-style|accessdate=2023-12-13|work=The New Times|language=en}}</ref> Hill Festival, ma kpọọ egwu na họtel dị iche iche na ọtụtụ egwuregwu, <ref>{{Cite web|author=Gatera|first=Emmanuel|date=2023-11-17|title=How can the artiste-media war in Rwanda end?|url=https://www.newtimes.co.rw/article/12409/entertainment/music/how-can-the-artiste-media-war-in-rwanda-end|accessdate=2024-05-27|work=The New Times|language=en}}</ref> gụnyere Women's Afrobasket Rwanda 2023, <ref>{{Cite web|author=Bahizi|first=Heritier|date=2023-07-29|title=Thrilling moments on day one of FIBA Women's Afrobasket 2023|url=https://www.newtimes.co.rw/article/9459/sports/basketball/thrilling-moments-on-day-one-of-fiba-womens-afrobasket-2023|accessdate=2023-12-13|work=The New Times|language=en}}</ref> FIBA World Cup, na ọtụtụ ebe ndị ọzọ. [3]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Dj Sonia - La Reine de Platine|url=https://www.djsoniamusic.com/|accessdate=2023-12-13|work=www.djsoniamusic.com|archivedate=2023-12-12|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20231212094700/https://www.djsoniamusic.com/}}</ref> A kpọrọ DJ Sonia onye bụ otu n'ime ọtụtụ ụmụ nwanyị DJ na-agwakọta egwu na Kigali, ka ọ bịa kọntaktị ebe ọ zutere Darassa onye bụ otu mu ndị kasị ukwuu na egwu [[Tanzania]] na Masauti onye bụ otu na ndị omenkà a ma ama na Nairobi. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Bahizi|first=Heritier|date=2023-08-04|title=Weekend entertainment extravaganza in Kigali|url=https://www.newtimes.co.rw/article/9658/entertainment/music/weekend-entertainment-extravaganza-in-kigali|accessdate=2023-12-13|work=The New Times|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=Mbabazi|first=Joan|date=2020-07-20|title=Rwandan DJs on challenges they encounter at their job|url=https://www.newtimes.co.rw/article/178546/Entertainment/rwandan-djs-on-challenges-they-encounter-at-their-job|accessdate=2023-12-13|work=The New Times|language=en}}</ref> Ọ bụ ugbu a otu n'ime ndị na-agwakọta egwu maka mgbasa ozi mba Rwanda, Redio Rwanda, Rwanda TV, na alaka ya nke abụọ, nke bụ KC2. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Gatera|first=Emmanuel|date=2021-10-27|title=Why Rwanda needs more female DJs|url=https://www.newtimes.co.rw/article/190671/Entertainment/why-rwanda-needs-more-female-djs|accessdate=2023-12-13|work=The New Times|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2024-02-07|title='La reine des platines' - Ikiganiro na DJ Sonia, umwe mu ba-DJ bakunzwe cyane mu karere|url=https://www.bbc.com/gahuza/articles/cmmgvmg51e3o|accessdate=2024-02-07|work=BBC News Gahuza|language=rw}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=Gatera|first=Emmanuel|date=2024-02-19|title=DJ Sonia lands continental awards nomination|url=https://www.newtimes.co.rw/article/14654/entertainment/music/dj-sonia-lands-continental-awards-nomination|accessdate=2024-02-19|work=The New Times|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=Gatera|first=Emmanuel|date=2024-02-19|title=It's a dream come true - DJ Sonia on her Youth Excellence Awards nomination|url=https://sensmagazine.com/rw/its-a-dream-come-true-dj-sonia-on-her-youth-excellence-awards-nomination/|accessdate=2024-08-02|work=SENS Magazine Rwanda|language=en-US|archive-date=2024-05-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240522091816/https://sensmagazine.com/rw/its-a-dream-come-true-dj-sonia-on-her-youth-excellence-awards-nomination/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka Dj mgbe ndị na-agụ egwu Naijiria [[Davido]] na [[Tiwa Savage]] gara Rwanda. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Abayisenga|first=Eddy|date=2023-08-20|title=Davido, Tiwa Show What they Do Best At Giants of Africa|url=https://www.ktpress.rw/2023/08/davido-tiwa-show-what-they-do-best-at-giants-of-africa/|accessdate=2023-12-12|work=KT PRESS|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|author=Gatera|first=Emmanuel|date=2024-03-10|title=Showbiz recap: Mbonyi announces East African tour, DJ Sonia thrills Kampala|url=https://www.newtimes.co.rw/article/15143/entertainment/music/showbiz-recap-mbonyi-announces-east-african-tour-dj-sonia-thrills-kampala|accessdate=2024-03-11|work=The New Times|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=Gatera|first=Emmanuel|date=2024-03-07|title=DJ Sonia heads to Kampala for Women's Day show|url=https://www.newtimes.co.rw/article/15059/entertainment/music/dj-sonia-heads-to-kampala-for-womens-day-show|accessdate=2024-03-11|work=The New Times|language=en}}</ref> == Edemsibia == {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Sonia, DJ}} [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 6eo36fkgq5norkqjw8j2eep99d6k5mq 0 59588 727396 726104 2026-09-23T13:03:53Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 3 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727396 wikitext text/x-wiki Aminata Diaw Cissé (24 Mee 1959 - 14 Eprel 2017) bụ onye nkuzi Senegal na onye ọkà ihe ọmụma ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị onye kuziri na Cheikh Anta Diop University (UCAD). N'ịbụ onye Jean-Jacques Rousseau na-emetụta ya na ụlọ akwụkwọ agụmakwụkwọ ya, o dere banyere ụmụ amaala, ọha mmadụ, ọchịchị onye kwuo uche ya, mmepe, agbụrụ agbụrụ, okike, ijikọ ụwa ọnụ, ikike mmadụ, njirimara, obodo na steeti na mpaghara Africa na Senegalese site na iji nghọta ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị. Diaw rụrụ ọrụ maka Council for Development of Social Science Research in Africa (CODESRIA), Bellagio Study and Conference Center nke Rockfeller Foundation, National UNESCO Sub-Commission on Social Sciences and Humanities, West African Research Association, National UNESCO Sub-Commission on Social Sciences and Humanities na Philosophical na Epistemological Research Center nke Doctoral School Studies. == Akụkọ ndụ == A mụrụ Diaw na 24 Mee 1959 na Saint-Louis, Senegal, bụbu isi obodo obodo ahụ, wee gaa ụlọ akwụkwọ Lyceé Amet Fall nke mpaghara. Ọ gafere nzere baccalaureate ya na nkwanye ugwu kachasị elu nke Mention Bien dị afọ 19 na 1977 wee hapụ Senegal ịga mụọ na France. Diaw debara aha na ụlọ akwụkwọ nkwado Lycée Paul Cézanne na Aix-en-Provence wee nweta diplôme d'études universitaires générales na nkà ihe ọmụma.[1][2] N'afọ sochirinụ, ọ gara Lycée Masséna na Nice ka ọ gụchaa nzere bachelọ nke Arts na nkà ihe ọmụma na DEUG 2, tupu ọ nweta akara ugo mmụta nna ukwu na Mahadum Nice Sophia Antipolis na 1981.[1] Diaw gụchara akwụkwọ ya na diplọma postgraduate na akwụkwọ edemede na tiori nke esemokwu nke echiche ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nke Jean-Jacques Rousseau, bụ nke mere ka ọ nweta ọdịiche Très Bien na ndị juri site na mkpebi otu.[2]. Ọ nwetara akara ugo mmụta doctorate na ọkwa mbụ sitere n'otu ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ na 1985.{{Cite book|author=Konaté|first=Dior|editor=Kwaku Akyeampong|title=Dictionary of African Biography|chapter=Diaw, Aminata (1959–)|chapterurl=https://books.google.com/books?id=39JMAgAAQBAJ&q=Aminata%E2%80%8F+Diaw&pg=RA1-PA195|date=2 February 2012|publisher=OUP USA|location=New York City, United States|pages=194–196|isbn=978-0-19-538207-5|accessdate=9 June 2020}}</ref> Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ, Diaw laghachiri Senegal wee sonye na Ngalaba nkà ihe ọmụma nke Mahadum Cheikh Anta Diop (UCAD), Faculty of Arts and Humanities. Ọ kụziri na mahadum dị ka onye enyemaka nkuzi na nkà ihe ọmụma ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị n'etiti afọ 1986 na 1989. {{Cite book|author=Konaté|first=Dior|editor=Kwaku Akyeampong|title=Dictionary of African Biography|chapter=Diaw, Aminata (1959–)|chapterurl=https://books.google.com/books?id=39JMAgAAQBAJ&q=Aminata%E2%80%8F+Diaw&pg=RA1-PA195|date=2 February 2012|publisher=OUP USA|location=New York City, United States|pages=194–196|isbn=978-0-19-538207-5|accessdate=9 June 2020}}<cite class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFKonaté2012">Konaté, Dior (2 February 2012). [https://books.google.com/books?id=39JMAgAAQBAJ&q=Aminata%E2%80%8F+Diaw&pg=RA1-PA195 "Diaw, Aminata (1959–)"]. In Kwaku Akyeampong, Emmanuel; Louis Gates, Henry (eds.). ''Dictionary of African Biography''. Vol.&nbsp;1: Abach–Brand. New York City, United States: OUP USA. pp.&nbsp;<span class="nowrap">194–</span>196. [[ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-0-19-538207-5|<bdi>978-0-19-538207-5</bdi>]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20200609080557/https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=39JMAgAAQBAJ&pg=RA1-PA195&lpg=RA1-PA195&dq=Aminata%E2%80%8F+Diaw&source=bl&ots=1Aej5nrwYq&sig=ACfU3U3fGZK6I-d0QLmBShg1jthZmCttlg&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwj34aixzfLpAhVIXRUIHdhyDeo4ChDoATAHegQIChAB#v=onepage&q=Aminata%E2%80%8F%20Diaw&f=false Archived] from the original on 9 June 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 June</span> 2020</span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1: long volume value]]{{Cite journal|title=Nécrologie : le Professeur Aminata Diaw Cissé n'est plus|url=https://www.journaluniversitaire.com/deces-du-professeur-aminata-diaw-cisse/|journal=Journal Universitare|language=French|date=14 April 2017|accessdate=9 June 2020|archive-date=9 June 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200609080604/https://www.journaluniversitaire.com/deces-du-professeur-aminata-diaw-cisse/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ọ bụ otu n'ime ụmụ nwanyị Senegal mbụ kụziri nkà ihe ọmụma na mahadum ahụ.{{Cite journal|author=Sow|first=Fatou|authorlink=Fatou Sow (sociologist)|date=December 2017|title=Tribute to Aminata Diaw Cissé: 1959–2017|url=http://www.agi.ac.za/sites/default/files/image_tool/images/429/feminist_africa_journals/archive/22/fa22_tribute_3.pdf|journal=[[Feminist Africa]]|issue=22|pages=105–108|accessdate=9 June 2020|archive-date=9 June 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200609080609/http://www.agi.ac.za/sites/default/files/image_tool/images/429/feminist_africa_journals/archive/22/fa22_tribute_3.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> N'afọ 1988, Diaw dere Rousseau et la Révolution française: à propos de la théorie de I'État and L'autorité du Souverain ou le pari de la liberté chez Jean-Jacques Rousseau and Du refus du modéle á l'invocation d'autorité: Rousseau na Montaigne afọ abụọ mgbe e mesịrị.<ref name="DABEntry" /> N'afọ 1990, e mere Diaw onye nkuzi ma kụzie otu afọ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ Higher Management Institute dị na Dakar.<ref name="DABEntry" /> Afọ abụọ ka e mesịrị, a họpụtara ya dị ka otu n'ime ndị mbụ nwetara mmeri nke mbipụta mbụ nke Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa (CODESRIA) na Democratic Governance, otu Pan-African agụmakwụkwọ, <ref name="JUObit" /> na-ebipụta akwụkwọ Démocratie et logiques identitaires en Afrique n'aha ụlọ ọrụ ahụ, [2]{{Cite web|title=Obituary: Professor Aminata Diaw Has Moved On|url=http://www.as-aa.org/index.php/8-news/45-obituary-professor-aminata-diaw-has-moved-on|publisher=African Studies Association of Africa|date=April 2017|accessdate=9 June 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170517164040/http://www.as-aa.org/index.php/8-news/45-obituary-professor-aminata-diaw-has-moved-on|archivedate=17 May 2017}}</ref><ref name="TributeObit" /> N'afọ 1994, Diaw dere L'invention de la politique en Afrique na Repenser la société civile n'afọ 1998. A họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ onye nduzi nke UCAD nke Information, Cultural and Sports Activities na 1996, a họpụtara ya dị ka onye otu na Bellagio Study and Conference Center nke Rockfeller Foundation na Ịtali na 2001, ọ bụ onye isi oche nke National UNESCO Sub-Commission on Social Sciences and Humanities, <ref name="DABEntry"/> na osote onye isi oche of the West African Research Association na 2002 ma bụrụ onye isi oche de la Commission on Encounters and Exchanges of the Dakar Biennale na 2004, 2006 na 2008, <ref name="DABEntry" /> na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ọrụ maka mgbanwe na nzukọ nke kọmitii ahụ.<ref name="JUObit">{{Cite journal|title=Nécrologie : le Professeur Aminata Diaw Cissé n'est plus|url=https://www.journaluniversitaire.com/deces-du-professeur-aminata-diaw-cisse/|journal=Journal Universitare|language=French|date=14 April 2017|accessdate=9 June 2020|archive-date=9 June 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200609080604/https://www.journaluniversitaire.com/deces-du-professeur-aminata-diaw-cisse/|url-status=dead}}<cite class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://web.archive.org/web/20200609080604/https://www.journaluniversitaire.com/deces-du-professeur-aminata-diaw-cisse/ "Nécrologie : le Professeur Aminata Diaw Cissé n'est plus"]&#x5B;Obituary: Professor Aminata Diaw Cissé is no longer&#x5D;. ''Journal Universitare'' (in French). 14 April 2017. from the original on 9 June 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 June</span> 2020</span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)]]</ref> Diaw so dee La recherche French-speaking feminist: Language, identities and challenges na Fatou Sow na 1999, <ref name="DABEntry" /> dere Les intellectuels entre mémoire nationaliste et représentations de la modernité na 2002, Nouveaux contours de l'espace public de Afrique na 2004, <ref name="DABEntry" /> na Women Writing Africa, West Africa and the Sahel na [[Esi Sutherland-Addy]], nke Ford Foundation kwadoro na 2005, Mahadum Kansas kpọrọ ya na mmemme ọmụmụ Africa na nzukọ Senegalese Women Between Positive Law and Islam Code: 2003 .<ref name="TributeObit">{{Cite journal|author=Sow|first=Fatou|authorlink=Fatou Sow (sociologist)|date=December 2017|title=Tribute to Aminata Diaw Cissé: 1959–2017|url=http://www.agi.ac.za/sites/default/files/image_tool/images/429/feminist_africa_journals/archive/22/fa22_tribute_3.pdf|journal=[[Feminist Africa]]|issue=22|pages=105–108|accessdate=9 June 2020|archive-date=9 June 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200609080609/http://www.agi.ac.za/sites/default/files/image_tool/images/429/feminist_africa_journals/archive/22/fa22_tribute_3.pdf|url-status=dead}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFSow2017">[[Fatou Sow (sociologist)|Sow, Fatou]] (December 2017). [https://web.archive.org/web/20200609080609/http://www.agi.ac.za/sites/default/files/image_tool/images/429/feminist_africa_journals/archive/22/fa22_tribute_3.pdf "Tribute to Aminata Diaw Cissé: 1959–2017"]<span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. ''[[Ndị inyom Africa|Feminist Africa]]'' (22): <span class="nowrap">105–</span>108. <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 9 June 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 June</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref><ref name="DABEntry" /> O sonyere na Nzukọ Mba nke Senegal site na 2007 ruo 2009, na-agbachitere onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Penda Mbow na ijigide secularism na iwu.<ref name="TributeObit"/> ma dee Women Writing Africa na Nọvemba 2005, nke Feminist Press bipụtara na New York. <ref>{{Cite journal|author=Rochman|first=Hazel|date=1 October 2005|title=Women Writing Africa: West Africa and the Sahel|url=https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/A137873955/GPS?u=wikipedia&sid=GPS&xid=8639875a|journal=[[Booklist]]|volume=102|issue=3|pages=17|accessdate=9 June 2020}}{{Cite news|title=Sénégal: Le COSEF rend hommage au Professeur Aminata Diaw, mercredi|url=https://fr.allafrica.com/stories/201712200451.html|publisher=[[AllAfrica]]|language=French|date=19 December 2017|accessdate=9 June 2020|archive-date=23 December 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171223052111/http://fr.allafrica.com/stories/201712200451.html|url-status=dead}}{{Cite news|title=Soirée culturelle en hommage au Pr Aminata Diaw Cissé, vendredi|url=https://news.sen360.sn/culture/soiree-culturelle-en-hommage-au-pr-aminata-diaw-cisse-vendredi-1036394.html|publisher=SEN360 SN|language=French|date=May 2, 2018|accessdate=June 9, 2020|archive-date=September 13, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200913055928/https://news.sen360.sn/culture/soiree-culturelle-en-hommage-au-pr-aminata-diaw-cisse-vendredi-1036394.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ọ duziri Philosophical and Epistemological Research Center of the Doctoral School Studies (CEREPHE) site na July 2009 gaa n'ihu. <ref name="DABEntry"/><ref name=":0">{{Cite web|author=Touré-Thiam|first=Maréma|title=Aminata Diaw-Cissé: 'We cannot end gender-related violence without understanding the social construction which is the backdrop.'|url=https://en.unesco.org/news/aminata-diaw-ciss%C3%A9-%E2%80%9Cwe-cannot-end-gender-related-violence-without-understanding-social|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200913055928/https://en.unesco.org/news/aminata-diaw-ciss%C3%A9-%E2%80%9Cwe-cannot-end-gender-related-violence-without-understanding-social|archivedate=13 September 2020|accessdate=9 June 2020|publisher=[[UNESCO]]}}</ref> Diaw kwadoro ikike ụmụ nwanyị site n'ịbụ odeakwụkwọ ukwu nke National UNESCO Sub-Commission on Social Sciences and Humanities (COSEF), ọ bụkwa onye otu Senegalese Women Association of University Graduates and African Women Workers Network.<ref name="DABEntry" /> Ọrụ ya na COSEF hụrụ ka ọ na-atụle ọchịchị onye kwuo uche ya na ọnọdụ ụmụ nwanyị n'ime òtù a na arụmụka gbasara ịha nhata nwoke na nwanyị na Senegalese Lawyers' Association.<ref name="TributeObit" /> Site na June 2010, Diaw rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye isi mmemme nke CODESRIA's Training, Grant and Fellowship Division, ma rụọ ọrụ na mmekorita ya na UNESCO, UN Women na UNESCO National Commissions na ọrụ gbasara mmegharị Ụmụ nwanyị UN ime ihe ike metụtara okike na [[The Gambia|Gambia]], [[Guinea-Bissau]] na Senegal site na 2011 ruo 2012. ><ref name=":0" /> Ọ bụ onye njikwa akụ na CODESRIA ogbako, usoro, ide ogbako, na-arụsi ọrụ ike na ọtụtụ izugbe mgbakọ, dị ka ịbụ co-oche nke omume kọmitii nke ya 14th nzuko nzuko na Dakar na 2015. Diaw duru ya Gender Research Programme, haziri multiple Annual Gender Symposiums na Cairo na ya kwa afọ Gender Institute. Ọ bụkwa onye isi ihe nkiri ọdịnala na sayensị na UCAD's rectorate, [2] [3] [4] wee dee akụkọ sitere na mkparịta ụka a mụtara na African Feminist Forum, African Gender Institute, DAWN on Globalization, Friedrich Ebert Foundation Institute for Democratic Alternatives na South Africa, Rendez-vous de l'histoire de Blois na ụmụ nwanyị bi n'okpuru iwu Alakụba..<ref name="Dec17Legacy">{{Cite news|title=Sénégal: Le COSEF rend hommage au Professeur Aminata Diaw, mercredi|url=https://fr.allafrica.com/stories/201712200451.html|publisher=[[AllAfrica]]|language=French|date=19 December 2017|accessdate=9 June 2020|archive-date=23 December 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171223052111/http://fr.allafrica.com/stories/201712200451.html|url-status=dead}}<cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="true"><span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required">[https://fr.allafrica.com/stories/201712200451.html "Sénégal: Le COSEF rend hommage au Professeur Aminata Diaw, mercredi"]</span> &#x5B;Senegal: COSEF pays tribute to Professor Aminata Diaw, Wednesday&#x5D; (in French). [[Africa niile|AllAfrica]]. Agence de presse sénégalaise. 19 December 2017. from the original on 23 December 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 June</span> 2020</span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)]]</ref><ref name="SEN360Legacy">{{Cite news|title=Soirée culturelle en hommage au Pr Aminata Diaw Cissé, vendredi|url=https://news.sen360.sn/culture/soiree-culturelle-en-hommage-au-pr-aminata-diaw-cisse-vendredi-1036394.html|publisher=SEN360 SN|language=French|date=May 2, 2018|accessdate=June 9, 2020|archive-date=September 13, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200913055928/https://news.sen360.sn/culture/soiree-culturelle-en-hommage-au-pr-aminata-diaw-cisse-vendredi-1036394.html|url-status=dead}}<cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="true"><span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required">[https://web.archive.org/web/20200913055928/https://news.sen360.sn/culture/soiree-culturelle-en-hommage-au-pr-aminata-diaw-cisse-vendredi-1036394.html "Soirée culturelle en hommage au Pr Aminata Diaw Cissé, vendredi"]</span> &#x5B;Cultural evening in tribute to Pr Aminata Diaw Cissé, Friday&#x5D; (in French). SEN360 SN. Agence de presse sénégalaise. 2 May 2018. from the original on 13 September 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 June</span> 2020</span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)]]</ref><ref name="TributeObit"/> == Ndụ onwe onye == Diaw bụ onye Pan-Africanist.<ref name="ASAAObit">{{Cite web|title=Obituary: Professor Aminata Diaw Has Moved On|url=http://www.as-aa.org/index.php/8-news/45-obituary-professor-aminata-diaw-has-moved-on|publisher=African Studies Association of Africa|date=April 2017|accessdate=9 June 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170517164040/http://www.as-aa.org/index.php/8-news/45-obituary-professor-aminata-diaw-has-moved-on|archivedate=17 May 2017}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[http://www.as-aa.org/index.php/8-news/45-obituary-professor-aminata-diaw-has-moved-on "Obituary: Professor Aminata Diaw Has Moved On"]. African Studies Association of Africa. April 2017. [https://web.archive.org/web/20170517164040/http://www.as-aa.org/index.php/8-news/45-obituary-professor-aminata-diaw-has-moved-on Archived] from the original on 17 May 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 June</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> N'afọ 1996, ọ lụrụ prọfesọ UCAD Mame Thierno Cissé, onye ya na ya nwere ụmụ nwanyị abụọ. <ref name="ASAAObit" /> <ref name="DABEntry">{{Cite book|author=Konaté|first=Dior|editor=Kwaku Akyeampong|title=Dictionary of African Biography|chapter=Diaw, Aminata (1959–)|chapterurl=https://books.google.com/books?id=39JMAgAAQBAJ&q=Aminata%E2%80%8F+Diaw&pg=RA1-PA195|date=2 February 2012|publisher=OUP USA|location=New York City, United States|pages=194–196|isbn=978-0-19-538207-5|accessdate=9 June 2020}}<cite class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFKonaté2012">Konaté, Dior (2 February 2012). [https://books.google.com/books?id=39JMAgAAQBAJ&q=Aminata%E2%80%8F+Diaw&pg=RA1-PA195 "Diaw, Aminata (1959–)"]. In Kwaku Akyeampong, Emmanuel; Louis Gates, Henry (eds.). ''Dictionary of African Biography''. Vol.&nbsp;1: Abach–Brand. New York City, United States: OUP USA. pp.&nbsp;<span class="nowrap">194–</span>196. [[ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-0-19-538207-5|<bdi>978-0-19-538207-5</bdi>]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20200609080557/https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=39JMAgAAQBAJ&pg=RA1-PA195&lpg=RA1-PA195&dq=Aminata%E2%80%8F+Diaw&source=bl&ots=1Aej5nrwYq&sig=ACfU3U3fGZK6I-d0QLmBShg1jthZmCttlg&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwj34aixzfLpAhVIXRUIHdhyDeo4ChDoATAHegQIChAB#v=onepage&q=Aminata%E2%80%8F%20Diaw&f=false Archived] from the original on 9 June 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 June</span> 2020</span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1: long volume value]]</ref> Diaw nwụrụ site na ọrịa na Hospital Center University De Fann n'abalị nke 14 Eprel 2017. <ref name="ASAAObit" /> [1]<ref name="JUObit"/> == Nnyocha na ihe nketa == Dị ka Dior Konaté, onye dere ihe Diaw dere na Dictionary of African Biography, echiche ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Rousseau na nzụlite ya na agụmakwụkwọ kpaliri ya iji nghọta ha mee ihe iji kwuo maka ihe ndị na-eme ugbu a na Senegal dị ka nwa amaala, ọha mmadụ, ọchịchị onye kwuo uche ya, agbụrụ, okike, ijikọ ụwa ọnụ, ikike mmadụ, njirimara, mba na steeti n'ọnọdụ Afrịka na Senegal. Ọ hụrụ njikọ dị n'etiti okike, ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na ike n'Africa site na echiche ụmụ nwanyị na nke nkà ihe ọmụma.<ref name="DABEntry"/> Ememe iji kwanyere ndụ ya ùgwù na West African Research Center na 20 Disemba 2017. <ref name="Dec17Legacy"/> N'abalị atọ n'ọnwa Mee n'afọ 2018, ndị otu ngalaba atọ kwadoro ụtụ nke abụọ maka Diaw n'otu ụlọ nzukọ na UCAD nke ndị isi ya, Faculty of Letters and Human Sciences, Department of Philosophy, Directorate of Cultural and Scientific Animation na UCAD Foundation haziri. <ref name="SEN360Legacy"/> <nowiki>.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</nowiki> == Edemsibia == {{Reflist|30em}} [[Otú:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 1urey4b9sbeyghtl2awhbl6jegyj5nk 0 59916 727470 206072 2026-09-24T02:35:59Z Goodymeraj 16207 727470 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} N'akụkọ ifo Norse, Gróa (ikekwe sitere na Old Norse "na-eto eto"[1]) bụ völva (ahụhụ) na onye na-eme seiðr. Ọ bụ nwunye Aurvandil the Bold. Groa bụkwa chi nwaanyị ihe ọmụma. == Ihe akaebe == === ''Edda Prose'' === [[Faịlụ:Awake_Groa_Awake_Mother_-_John_Bauer.jpg|áká_èkpè|thumb|"Teta Groa Teta Nne" Ihe osise nke John Bauer]] Gróa pụtara n'akwụkwọ Prose Edda ''Skáldskaparmál'', n'ihe gbasara agha Thor na jötunn Hrungnir. Mgbe Thor zigara Hrungnir na hama Mjollnir, a gwara Gróa ka o nyere aka wepụ iberibe nkume whetstone nke Hrungnir nke batara n'isi Thor. Ọ dị nwute na mgbe Gróa nọ n'ihe gbasara ọrụ ya, Thor dọpụrụ ya anya site n'ịkọ ya etu o si nyere Aurvandil aka na mbụ gafee osimiri Élivágar, wee zọpụta ndụ di ya site n'ịpụpụ mkpịsị ụkwụ ya dara ntu oyi. Asụsụ Gróa tụpụrụ isi ma iberibe whetstone ka agbakwunyere n'isi Thor na-adịgide adịgide. === ''Edda nke uri'' === [[Faịlụ:Groa's_Incantation.jpg|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|"Groa's Incantation" (1908) nke W. G. Collingwood.]] Gróa bụkwa völva (ma ọ bụ onye na-ahụ ụzọ), nke a kpọrọ site n'èzí ili, na uri Old Norse ''Grógaldr'', (akụkụ nke ''Svipdagsmál''), site n'aka nwa ya nwoke Svipdagr. N'ọnwụ ọ dịghị nke ọ bụla n'ime ike amụma ya funahụrụ ya, ma nwee ike inyere ya aka n'ịga nke ọma n'ikpeazụ nke ọrụ ahụ nke nne di ya nwere obi ọjọọ tụkwasịworo ya. Ọ ga-ekwe omume na Gróa nke abụọ a bụ otu ihe ahụ na nke mbụ, mana uri ahụ bụ njedebe nke narị afọ nke 17 nke Edda. === ''Gesta Danorum'' === Na Gesta Danorum, Gro bụ nwanyị a zọpụtara n'ịlụ nnukwu onye King Gram. Ọ bụ ada Sigtrygg, Eze nke Sweden, na nne Guthorm (na ikekwe nwanne Guthorm) site na Gram. N'echiche zuru oke nke Viktor Rydberg banyere akụkọ ifo Norse, a na-ejikọta Gro a na onye na-ahụ ụzọ akọwapụtara na isi mmalite ndị ọzọ. == Ihe edeturu == == Edensibia == * Orchard, Andy (1997). Dictionary of Norse Myth and Legend. Cassell   6zowc2yrzbwmig25dfsqattj4f31v65 727478 727470 2026-09-24T02:55:43Z Goodymeraj 16207 727478 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[:en:Norse_mythology|N'akụkọ ifo Norse]], Gróa (ikekwe sitere na [[:en:Old_Norse|Old Norse]] "na-eto eto"<ref name="ORCHARD63">Orchard (1997:63).</ref> bụ [[:en:Völva|völva]] (ahụhụ) na onye na-eme ''[[:en:Seid_(shamanic_magic)|seiðr]]''. Ọ bụ nwunye [[:en:Aurvandil|Aurvandil the Bold]]. Groa bụkwa chi nwaanyị ihe ọmụma. == Ihe akaebe dị na isi mmalite == === ''Edda Prose'' === [[Faịlụ:Awake_Groa_Awake_Mother_-_John_Bauer.jpg|áká_èkpè|thumb|"Teta Groa Teta Nne" Ihe osise nke John Bauer]] Gróa pụtara n’akwụkwọ ''[[:en:Prose_Edda|Prose Edda]]'', bụ ''[[:en:Skáldskaparmál|Skáldskaparmál]]'', n’akụkọ banyere ọgụ [[:en:Thor|Thor]] yana [[:en:Jötunn|jötunn]] [[:en:Hrungnir|Hrungnir]]. Mgbe Thor ji hama Mjollnir merie Hrungnir, a rịọrọ Gróa ka o jiri anwansi nye aka wepụ iberibe nkume ịmụ mma nke Hrungnir, ndị batara n’isi Thor. N’ụzọ dị mwute, ka Gróa nọ n’ọrụ ya, Thor dọpụrụ uche ya site n’ịkọrọ ya otu o si nyere Aurvandil aka ịgafe osimiri Élivágar na mbụ, nakwa otu o si zọpụta ndụ di ya site n’ịkwụpụ mkpịsị ụkwụ ya nke oyi kpara. Anwansi Gróa emeghị nke ọma, ya mere iberibe nkume ịmụ mma ahụ nọgidere n’isi Thor ruo mgbe ebighị ebi. === ''Edda nke uri'' === [[Faịlụ:Groa's_Incantation.jpg|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|"Groa's Incantation" (1908) nke W. G. Collingwood dere.]] Gróa bụkwa ''völva'' (ma ọ bụ nwanyị na-ahụ ihe ndị ga-eme n’ọdịnihu), onye a kpọpụtara site n’ụwa ndị nwụrụ anwụ n’uri Old Norse a na-akpọ ''Grógaldr'', nke bụ akụkụ nke ''Svipdagsmál'', nke nwa ya nwoke Svipdagr kpọrọ ya. Mgbe ọ nwụrụ, ọ tụfughị ikike ya nke ịkọ ihe ga-eme n’ọdịnihu, ma nwee ike inyere nwa ya nwoke aka imecha nke ọma ọrụ nne di ya obi ọjọọ nyere ya. O nwere ike ịbụ na Gróa nke abụọ a bụ otu onye ahụ na Gróa nke mbụ, mana uri a bụ ihe e ji ṅomie ''Edda'' nke e dere n’oge ngwụcha narị afọ nke iri na asaa. Mkparịta ụka dị n’etiti Gróa na nwa ya nwoke Svipdag na-enyekwa nghọta banyere otu e si eme emume ịkpọku ndị nwụrụ anwụ. Anyị na-ahụ Svipdag ka ọ na-akpọ nne ya n’ọnụ ụzọ ili ya site n’ịkpọ aha ya. N’ihi na naanị ihe Svipdag mere bụ ịkpọ aha nne ya ma rịọ ya maka enyemaka, ọ dị ka anwansi ahụ esighị n’okwu ndị ahụ n’onwe ha, kama ọ bụ n’ihi na o kwuru ha n’ọnụ ụzọ ili ya.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Eriksen |first=Marianne |date=December 2013 |title=Doors to the dead. The power of doorways and thresholds in Viking Age Scandinavia |url=https://www.proquest.com/pqrl/docview/1449380729/59469D24CF4242E0PQ/2?accountid=8141&sourcetype=Scholarly%20Journals |access-date=November 26, 2025 |website=Proquest.com}}</ref> A na-ahụ nka Gróa dịka ''völva'' nke ọma mgbe ọ na-ekwu ọgwụ anwansi itoolu n’elu Svipdag iji nyere ya aka ịlanarị ule nne di ya nyere ya. Otu n’ime ha na-eme ka oké ifufe dị n’oké osimiri dajụọ; nke ọzọ na-eme ka ngwa agha ndị iro ya ghara ịdị nkọ; ebe nke ọzọ na-eme ka agbụ hapụ ya ma ọ bụrụ na ọ fụọ ume n’elu ihe e ji kee ya.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Luyster |first=Robert |date=Summer 1998 |title=The wife's lament in the context of Scandinavian myth and ritual |url=https://www.proquest.com/pqrl/docview/211223952/59469D24CF4242E0PQ/3?accountid=8141&sourcetype=Scholarly%20Journals |access-date=November 26, 2025 |website=Proquest.com}}</ref> === ''Gesta Danorum'' === Na Gesta Danorum, Gro bụ nwanyị a zọpụtara n'ịlụ nnukwu onye King Gram. Ọ bụ ada Sigtrygg, Eze nke Sweden, na nne Guthorm (na ikekwe nwanne Guthorm) site na Gram. N'echiche zuru oke nke Viktor Rydberg banyere akụkọ ifo Norse, a na-ejikọta Gro a na onye na-ahụ ụzọ akọwapụtara na isi mmalite ndị ọzọ<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20060116175744/http://www.northvegr.org/lore/rydberg/024.php Rydberg's Teutonic Mythology, Chapter 24]</ref>. == Ihe edeturu == == Edensibia == * Orchard, Andy (1997). Dictionary of Norse Myth and Legend. Cassell   1mysuv699vs05p7a43v36r4gef209he 727479 727478 2026-09-24T02:57:24Z Goodymeraj 16207 727479 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[:en:Norse_mythology|N'akụkọ ifo Norse]], Gróa (ikekwe sitere na [[:en:Old_Norse|Old Norse]] "na-eto eto"<ref name="ORCHARD63">Orchard (1997:63).</ref> bụ [[:en:Völva|völva]] (ahụhụ) na onye na-eme ''[[:en:Seid_(shamanic_magic)|seiðr]]''. Ọ bụ nwunye [[:en:Aurvandil|Aurvandil the Bold]]. Groa bụkwa chi nwaanyị ihe ọmụma. == Ihe akaebe dị na isi mmalite == === ''Edda Prose'' === [[Faịlụ:Awake_Groa_Awake_Mother_-_John_Bauer.jpg|áká_èkpè|thumb|"Teta Groa Teta Nne" Ihe osise nke John Bauer]] Gróa pụtara n’akwụkwọ ''[[:en:Prose_Edda|Prose Edda]]'', bụ ''[[:en:Skáldskaparmál|Skáldskaparmál]]'', n’akụkọ banyere ọgụ [[:en:Thor|Thor]] yana [[:en:Jötunn|jötunn]] [[:en:Hrungnir|Hrungnir]]. Mgbe Thor ji hama Mjollnir merie Hrungnir, a rịọrọ Gróa ka o jiri anwansi nye aka wepụ iberibe nkume ịmụ mma nke Hrungnir, ndị batara n’isi Thor. N’ụzọ dị mwute, ka Gróa nọ n’ọrụ ya, Thor dọpụrụ uche ya site n’ịkọrọ ya otu o si nyere Aurvandil aka ịgafe osimiri Élivágar na mbụ, nakwa otu o si zọpụta ndụ di ya site n’ịkwụpụ mkpịsị ụkwụ ya nke oyi kpara. Anwansi Gróa emeghị nke ọma, ya mere iberibe nkume ịmụ mma ahụ nọgidere n’isi Thor ruo mgbe ebighị ebi. === ''Edda nke uri'' === [[Faịlụ:Groa's_Incantation.jpg|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|"Groa's Incantation" (1908) nke W. G. Collingwood dere.]] Gróa bụkwa ''völva'' (ma ọ bụ nwanyị na-ahụ ihe ndị ga-eme n’ọdịnihu), onye a kpọpụtara site n’ụwa ndị nwụrụ anwụ n’uri Old Norse a na-akpọ ''Grógaldr'', nke bụ akụkụ nke ''Svipdagsmál'', nke nwa ya nwoke Svipdagr kpọrọ ya. Mgbe ọ nwụrụ, ọ tụfughị ikike ya nke ịkọ ihe ga-eme n’ọdịnihu, ma nwee ike inyere nwa ya nwoke aka imecha nke ọma ọrụ nne di ya obi ọjọọ nyere ya. O nwere ike ịbụ na Gróa nke abụọ a bụ otu onye ahụ na Gróa nke mbụ, mana uri a bụ ihe e ji ṅomie ''Edda'' nke e dere n’oge ngwụcha narị afọ nke iri na asaa. Mkparịta ụka dị n’etiti Gróa na nwa ya nwoke Svipdag na-enyekwa nghọta banyere otu e si eme emume ịkpọku ndị nwụrụ anwụ. Anyị na-ahụ Svipdag ka ọ na-akpọ nne ya n’ọnụ ụzọ ili ya site n’ịkpọ aha ya. N’ihi na naanị ihe Svipdag mere bụ ịkpọ aha nne ya ma rịọ ya maka enyemaka, ọ dị ka anwansi ahụ esighị n’okwu ndị ahụ n’onwe ha, kama ọ bụ n’ihi na o kwuru ha n’ọnụ ụzọ ili ya.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Eriksen |first=Marianne |date=December 2013 |title=Doors to the dead. The power of doorways and thresholds in Viking Age Scandinavia |url=https://www.proquest.com/pqrl/docview/1449380729/59469D24CF4242E0PQ/2?accountid=8141&sourcetype=Scholarly%20Journals |access-date=November 26, 2025 |website=Proquest.com}}</ref> A na-ahụ nka Gróa dịka ''völva'' nke ọma mgbe ọ na-ekwu ọgwụ anwansi itoolu n’elu Svipdag iji nyere ya aka ịlanarị ule nne di ya nyere ya. Otu n’ime ha na-eme ka oké ifufe dị n’oké osimiri dajụọ; nke ọzọ na-eme ka ngwa agha ndị iro ya ghara ịdị nkọ; ebe nke ọzọ na-eme ka agbụ hapụ ya ma ọ bụrụ na ọ fụọ ume n’elu ihe e ji kee ya.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Luyster |first=Robert |date=Summer 1998 |title=The wife's lament in the context of Scandinavian myth and ritual |url=https://www.proquest.com/pqrl/docview/211223952/59469D24CF4242E0PQ/3?accountid=8141&sourcetype=Scholarly%20Journals |access-date=November 26, 2025 |website=Proquest.com}}</ref> === ''Gesta Danorum'' === Na Gesta Danorum, Gro bụ nwanyị a zọpụtara n'ịlụ nnukwu onye King Gram. Ọ bụ ada Sigtrygg, Eze nke Sweden, na nne Guthorm (na ikekwe nwanne Guthorm) site na Gram. N'echiche zuru oke nke Viktor Rydberg banyere akụkọ ifo Norse, a na-ejikọta Gro a na onye na-ahụ ụzọ akọwapụtara na isi mmalite ndị ọzọ<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20060116175744/http://www.northvegr.org/lore/rydberg/024.php Rydberg's Teutonic Mythology, Chapter 24]</ref>. {{Kings of Gesta Danorum family tree}} == Ihe edeturu == == Edensibia == * Orchard, Andy (1997). Dictionary of Norse Myth and Legend. Cassell   debrsgxhc47qxemdqt645waccp8rap1 727480 727479 2026-09-24T02:59:19Z Goodymeraj 16207 727480 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[:en:Norse_mythology|N'akụkọ ifo Norse]], Gróa (ikekwe sitere na [[:en:Old_Norse|Old Norse]] "na-eto eto"<ref name="ORCHARD63">Orchard (1997:63).</ref> bụ [[:en:Völva|völva]] (ahụhụ) na onye na-eme ''[[:en:Seid_(shamanic_magic)|seiðr]]''. Ọ bụ nwunye [[:en:Aurvandil|Aurvandil the Bold]]. Groa bụkwa chi nwaanyị ihe ọmụma. == Ihe akaebe dị na isi mmalite == === ''Edda Prose'' === [[Faịlụ:Awake_Groa_Awake_Mother_-_John_Bauer.jpg|áká_èkpè|thumb|"Teta Groa Teta Nne" Ihe osise nke John Bauer]] Gróa pụtara n’akwụkwọ ''[[:en:Prose_Edda|Prose Edda]]'', bụ ''[[:en:Skáldskaparmál|Skáldskaparmál]]'', n’akụkọ banyere ọgụ [[:en:Thor|Thor]] yana [[:en:Jötunn|jötunn]] [[:en:Hrungnir|Hrungnir]]. Mgbe Thor ji hama Mjollnir merie Hrungnir, a rịọrọ Gróa ka o jiri anwansi nye aka wepụ iberibe nkume ịmụ mma nke Hrungnir, ndị batara n’isi Thor. N’ụzọ dị mwute, ka Gróa nọ n’ọrụ ya, Thor dọpụrụ uche ya site n’ịkọrọ ya otu o si nyere Aurvandil aka ịgafe osimiri Élivágar na mbụ, nakwa otu o si zọpụta ndụ di ya site n’ịkwụpụ mkpịsị ụkwụ ya nke oyi kpara. Anwansi Gróa emeghị nke ọma, ya mere iberibe nkume ịmụ mma ahụ nọgidere n’isi Thor ruo mgbe ebighị ebi. === ''Edda nke uri'' === [[Faịlụ:Groa's_Incantation.jpg|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|"Groa's Incantation" (1908) nke W. G. Collingwood dere.]] Gróa bụkwa ''völva'' (ma ọ bụ nwanyị na-ahụ ihe ndị ga-eme n’ọdịnihu), onye a kpọpụtara site n’ụwa ndị nwụrụ anwụ n’uri Old Norse a na-akpọ ''Grógaldr'', nke bụ akụkụ nke ''Svipdagsmál'', nke nwa ya nwoke Svipdagr kpọrọ ya. Mgbe ọ nwụrụ, ọ tụfughị ikike ya nke ịkọ ihe ga-eme n’ọdịnihu, ma nwee ike inyere nwa ya nwoke aka imecha nke ọma ọrụ nne di ya obi ọjọọ nyere ya. O nwere ike ịbụ na Gróa nke abụọ a bụ otu onye ahụ na Gróa nke mbụ, mana uri a bụ ihe e ji ṅomie ''Edda'' nke e dere n’oge ngwụcha narị afọ nke iri na asaa. Mkparịta ụka dị n’etiti Gróa na nwa ya nwoke Svipdag na-enyekwa nghọta banyere otu e si eme emume ịkpọku ndị nwụrụ anwụ. Anyị na-ahụ Svipdag ka ọ na-akpọ nne ya n’ọnụ ụzọ ili ya site n’ịkpọ aha ya. N’ihi na naanị ihe Svipdag mere bụ ịkpọ aha nne ya ma rịọ ya maka enyemaka, ọ dị ka anwansi ahụ esighị n’okwu ndị ahụ n’onwe ha, kama ọ bụ n’ihi na o kwuru ha n’ọnụ ụzọ ili ya.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Eriksen |first=Marianne |date=December 2013 |title=Doors to the dead. The power of doorways and thresholds in Viking Age Scandinavia |url=https://www.proquest.com/pqrl/docview/1449380729/59469D24CF4242E0PQ/2?accountid=8141&sourcetype=Scholarly%20Journals |access-date=November 26, 2025 |website=Proquest.com}}</ref> A na-ahụ nka Gróa dịka ''völva'' nke ọma mgbe ọ na-ekwu ọgwụ anwansi itoolu n’elu Svipdag iji nyere ya aka ịlanarị ule nne di ya nyere ya. Otu n’ime ha na-eme ka oké ifufe dị n’oké osimiri dajụọ; nke ọzọ na-eme ka ngwa agha ndị iro ya ghara ịdị nkọ; ebe nke ọzọ na-eme ka agbụ hapụ ya ma ọ bụrụ na ọ fụọ ume n’elu ihe e ji kee ya.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Luyster |first=Robert |date=Summer 1998 |title=The wife's lament in the context of Scandinavian myth and ritual |url=https://www.proquest.com/pqrl/docview/211223952/59469D24CF4242E0PQ/3?accountid=8141&sourcetype=Scholarly%20Journals |access-date=November 26, 2025 |website=Proquest.com}}</ref> === ''Gesta Danorum'' === Na Gesta Danorum, Gro bụ nwanyị a zọpụtara n'ịlụ nnukwu onye King Gram. Ọ bụ ada Sigtrygg, Eze nke Sweden, na nne Guthorm (na ikekwe nwanne Guthorm) site na Gram. N'echiche zuru oke nke Viktor Rydberg banyere akụkọ ifo Norse, a na-ejikọta Gro a na onye na-ahụ ụzọ akọwapụtara na isi mmalite ndị ọzọ<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20060116175744/http://www.northvegr.org/lore/rydberg/024.php Rydberg's Teutonic Mythology, Chapter 24]</ref>. {{Kings of Gesta Danorum family tree}} == Ihe edeturu == == Edensibia == {{reflist}} *Orchard, Andy (1997). ''Dictionary of Norse Myth and Legend''. [[Orion Publishing Group|Cassell]]. {{ISBN|0-304-34520-2}} {{Norse mythology}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Groa}} cxlrb68ybk7ydctq42aoi4mu3hwm4k9 727481 727480 2026-09-24T02:59:48Z Goodymeraj 16207 /* Gesta Danorum */ 727481 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[:en:Norse_mythology|N'akụkọ ifo Norse]], Gróa (ikekwe sitere na [[:en:Old_Norse|Old Norse]] "na-eto eto"<ref name="ORCHARD63">Orchard (1997:63).</ref> bụ [[:en:Völva|völva]] (ahụhụ) na onye na-eme ''[[:en:Seid_(shamanic_magic)|seiðr]]''. Ọ bụ nwunye [[:en:Aurvandil|Aurvandil the Bold]]. Groa bụkwa chi nwaanyị ihe ọmụma. == Ihe akaebe dị na isi mmalite == === ''Edda Prose'' === [[Faịlụ:Awake_Groa_Awake_Mother_-_John_Bauer.jpg|áká_èkpè|thumb|"Teta Groa Teta Nne" Ihe osise nke John Bauer]] Gróa pụtara n’akwụkwọ ''[[:en:Prose_Edda|Prose Edda]]'', bụ ''[[:en:Skáldskaparmál|Skáldskaparmál]]'', n’akụkọ banyere ọgụ [[:en:Thor|Thor]] yana [[:en:Jötunn|jötunn]] [[:en:Hrungnir|Hrungnir]]. Mgbe Thor ji hama Mjollnir merie Hrungnir, a rịọrọ Gróa ka o jiri anwansi nye aka wepụ iberibe nkume ịmụ mma nke Hrungnir, ndị batara n’isi Thor. N’ụzọ dị mwute, ka Gróa nọ n’ọrụ ya, Thor dọpụrụ uche ya site n’ịkọrọ ya otu o si nyere Aurvandil aka ịgafe osimiri Élivágar na mbụ, nakwa otu o si zọpụta ndụ di ya site n’ịkwụpụ mkpịsị ụkwụ ya nke oyi kpara. Anwansi Gróa emeghị nke ọma, ya mere iberibe nkume ịmụ mma ahụ nọgidere n’isi Thor ruo mgbe ebighị ebi. === ''Edda nke uri'' === [[Faịlụ:Groa's_Incantation.jpg|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|"Groa's Incantation" (1908) nke W. G. Collingwood dere.]] Gróa bụkwa ''völva'' (ma ọ bụ nwanyị na-ahụ ihe ndị ga-eme n’ọdịnihu), onye a kpọpụtara site n’ụwa ndị nwụrụ anwụ n’uri Old Norse a na-akpọ ''Grógaldr'', nke bụ akụkụ nke ''Svipdagsmál'', nke nwa ya nwoke Svipdagr kpọrọ ya. Mgbe ọ nwụrụ, ọ tụfughị ikike ya nke ịkọ ihe ga-eme n’ọdịnihu, ma nwee ike inyere nwa ya nwoke aka imecha nke ọma ọrụ nne di ya obi ọjọọ nyere ya. O nwere ike ịbụ na Gróa nke abụọ a bụ otu onye ahụ na Gróa nke mbụ, mana uri a bụ ihe e ji ṅomie ''Edda'' nke e dere n’oge ngwụcha narị afọ nke iri na asaa. Mkparịta ụka dị n’etiti Gróa na nwa ya nwoke Svipdag na-enyekwa nghọta banyere otu e si eme emume ịkpọku ndị nwụrụ anwụ. Anyị na-ahụ Svipdag ka ọ na-akpọ nne ya n’ọnụ ụzọ ili ya site n’ịkpọ aha ya. N’ihi na naanị ihe Svipdag mere bụ ịkpọ aha nne ya ma rịọ ya maka enyemaka, ọ dị ka anwansi ahụ esighị n’okwu ndị ahụ n’onwe ha, kama ọ bụ n’ihi na o kwuru ha n’ọnụ ụzọ ili ya.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Eriksen |first=Marianne |date=December 2013 |title=Doors to the dead. The power of doorways and thresholds in Viking Age Scandinavia |url=https://www.proquest.com/pqrl/docview/1449380729/59469D24CF4242E0PQ/2?accountid=8141&sourcetype=Scholarly%20Journals |access-date=November 26, 2025 |website=Proquest.com}}</ref> A na-ahụ nka Gróa dịka ''völva'' nke ọma mgbe ọ na-ekwu ọgwụ anwansi itoolu n’elu Svipdag iji nyere ya aka ịlanarị ule nne di ya nyere ya. Otu n’ime ha na-eme ka oké ifufe dị n’oké osimiri dajụọ; nke ọzọ na-eme ka ngwa agha ndị iro ya ghara ịdị nkọ; ebe nke ọzọ na-eme ka agbụ hapụ ya ma ọ bụrụ na ọ fụọ ume n’elu ihe e ji kee ya.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Luyster |first=Robert |date=Summer 1998 |title=The wife's lament in the context of Scandinavian myth and ritual |url=https://www.proquest.com/pqrl/docview/211223952/59469D24CF4242E0PQ/3?accountid=8141&sourcetype=Scholarly%20Journals |access-date=November 26, 2025 |website=Proquest.com}}</ref> === ''Gesta Danorum'' === Na Gesta Danorum, Gro bụ nwanyị a zọpụtara n'ịlụ nnukwu onye King Gram. Ọ bụ ada Sigtrygg, Eze nke Sweden, na nne Guthorm (na ikekwe nwanne Guthorm) site na Gram. N'echiche zuru oke nke Viktor Rydberg banyere akụkọ ifo Norse, a na-ejikọta Gro a na onye na-ahụ ụzọ akọwapụtara na isi mmalite ndị ọzọ<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20060116175744/http://www.northvegr.org/lore/rydberg/024.php Rydberg's Teutonic Mythology, Chapter 24]</ref>. == Ihe edeturu == == Edensibia == {{reflist}} *Orchard, Andy (1997). ''Dictionary of Norse Myth and Legend''. [[Orion Publishing Group|Cassell]]. {{ISBN|0-304-34520-2}} {{Norse mythology}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Groa}} ky815yrrixweyh40ssvfm49crw2vjcj 727482 727481 2026-09-24T03:00:13Z Goodymeraj 16207 /* Edensibia */ 727482 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[:en:Norse_mythology|N'akụkọ ifo Norse]], Gróa (ikekwe sitere na [[:en:Old_Norse|Old Norse]] "na-eto eto"<ref name="ORCHARD63">Orchard (1997:63).</ref> bụ [[:en:Völva|völva]] (ahụhụ) na onye na-eme ''[[:en:Seid_(shamanic_magic)|seiðr]]''. Ọ bụ nwunye [[:en:Aurvandil|Aurvandil the Bold]]. Groa bụkwa chi nwaanyị ihe ọmụma. == Ihe akaebe dị na isi mmalite == === ''Edda Prose'' === [[Faịlụ:Awake_Groa_Awake_Mother_-_John_Bauer.jpg|áká_èkpè|thumb|"Teta Groa Teta Nne" Ihe osise nke John Bauer]] Gróa pụtara n’akwụkwọ ''[[:en:Prose_Edda|Prose Edda]]'', bụ ''[[:en:Skáldskaparmál|Skáldskaparmál]]'', n’akụkọ banyere ọgụ [[:en:Thor|Thor]] yana [[:en:Jötunn|jötunn]] [[:en:Hrungnir|Hrungnir]]. Mgbe Thor ji hama Mjollnir merie Hrungnir, a rịọrọ Gróa ka o jiri anwansi nye aka wepụ iberibe nkume ịmụ mma nke Hrungnir, ndị batara n’isi Thor. N’ụzọ dị mwute, ka Gróa nọ n’ọrụ ya, Thor dọpụrụ uche ya site n’ịkọrọ ya otu o si nyere Aurvandil aka ịgafe osimiri Élivágar na mbụ, nakwa otu o si zọpụta ndụ di ya site n’ịkwụpụ mkpịsị ụkwụ ya nke oyi kpara. Anwansi Gróa emeghị nke ọma, ya mere iberibe nkume ịmụ mma ahụ nọgidere n’isi Thor ruo mgbe ebighị ebi. === ''Edda nke uri'' === [[Faịlụ:Groa's_Incantation.jpg|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|"Groa's Incantation" (1908) nke W. G. Collingwood dere.]] Gróa bụkwa ''völva'' (ma ọ bụ nwanyị na-ahụ ihe ndị ga-eme n’ọdịnihu), onye a kpọpụtara site n’ụwa ndị nwụrụ anwụ n’uri Old Norse a na-akpọ ''Grógaldr'', nke bụ akụkụ nke ''Svipdagsmál'', nke nwa ya nwoke Svipdagr kpọrọ ya. Mgbe ọ nwụrụ, ọ tụfughị ikike ya nke ịkọ ihe ga-eme n’ọdịnihu, ma nwee ike inyere nwa ya nwoke aka imecha nke ọma ọrụ nne di ya obi ọjọọ nyere ya. O nwere ike ịbụ na Gróa nke abụọ a bụ otu onye ahụ na Gróa nke mbụ, mana uri a bụ ihe e ji ṅomie ''Edda'' nke e dere n’oge ngwụcha narị afọ nke iri na asaa. Mkparịta ụka dị n’etiti Gróa na nwa ya nwoke Svipdag na-enyekwa nghọta banyere otu e si eme emume ịkpọku ndị nwụrụ anwụ. Anyị na-ahụ Svipdag ka ọ na-akpọ nne ya n’ọnụ ụzọ ili ya site n’ịkpọ aha ya. N’ihi na naanị ihe Svipdag mere bụ ịkpọ aha nne ya ma rịọ ya maka enyemaka, ọ dị ka anwansi ahụ esighị n’okwu ndị ahụ n’onwe ha, kama ọ bụ n’ihi na o kwuru ha n’ọnụ ụzọ ili ya.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Eriksen |first=Marianne |date=December 2013 |title=Doors to the dead. The power of doorways and thresholds in Viking Age Scandinavia |url=https://www.proquest.com/pqrl/docview/1449380729/59469D24CF4242E0PQ/2?accountid=8141&sourcetype=Scholarly%20Journals |access-date=November 26, 2025 |website=Proquest.com}}</ref> A na-ahụ nka Gróa dịka ''völva'' nke ọma mgbe ọ na-ekwu ọgwụ anwansi itoolu n’elu Svipdag iji nyere ya aka ịlanarị ule nne di ya nyere ya. Otu n’ime ha na-eme ka oké ifufe dị n’oké osimiri dajụọ; nke ọzọ na-eme ka ngwa agha ndị iro ya ghara ịdị nkọ; ebe nke ọzọ na-eme ka agbụ hapụ ya ma ọ bụrụ na ọ fụọ ume n’elu ihe e ji kee ya.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Luyster |first=Robert |date=Summer 1998 |title=The wife's lament in the context of Scandinavian myth and ritual |url=https://www.proquest.com/pqrl/docview/211223952/59469D24CF4242E0PQ/3?accountid=8141&sourcetype=Scholarly%20Journals |access-date=November 26, 2025 |website=Proquest.com}}</ref> === ''Gesta Danorum'' === Na Gesta Danorum, Gro bụ nwanyị a zọpụtara n'ịlụ nnukwu onye King Gram. Ọ bụ ada Sigtrygg, Eze nke Sweden, na nne Guthorm (na ikekwe nwanne Guthorm) site na Gram. N'echiche zuru oke nke Viktor Rydberg banyere akụkọ ifo Norse, a na-ejikọta Gro a na onye na-ahụ ụzọ akọwapụtara na isi mmalite ndị ọzọ<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20060116175744/http://www.northvegr.org/lore/rydberg/024.php Rydberg's Teutonic Mythology, Chapter 24]</ref>. == Ihe edeturu == == Edensibia == {{reflist}} *Orchard, Andy (1997). ''Dictionary of Norse Myth and Legend''. [[Orion Publishing Group|Cassell]]. {{ISBN|0-304-34520-2}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Groa}} 117kfpm45dtxisu6j33kv951gql9epn 0 60121 727458 655022 2026-09-24T01:47:06Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727458 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Beatrice Mtetwa (amuru 1957) bu onye oka iwu onye Zimbabwe nke amara na mba uwa maka agbachitere ndi nta akuko na nnwere onwe ndi oru nta akuko. Akwụkwọ akụkọ New York Times kọwara ya na 2008 dị ka “onye ọka iwu kacha ruuru mmadụ na Zimbabwe.<ref name="NYT" /> == Ọrụ iwu == Amụrụ na Swaziland, [1] Mtetwa natara LLB ya na Mahadum Botswana na Swaziland na 1981 wee nọrọ afọ abụọ sochirinụ na-arụ ọrụ dị ka onye ọka iwu na-agba akwụkwọ na Swaziland.[2] Na 1983, ọ kwagara Zimbabwe, bụ ebe ọ gara n'ihu na-arụ ọrụ dị ka onye ọka iwu ruo 1989.[2] N'afọ ahụ, ọ malitere ọrụ onwe ya, n'oge na-adịghịkwa anya ọ malitere ọkachamara na iwu ikike mmadụ.[2] N'otu n'ime okwu ikpe ya a ma ama, ọ gara nke ọma n'aka akụkụ nke Zimbabwe's Private Voluntary Organisation Act nke nyere onye minista gọọmentị ikike igbasa ma ọ bụ dochie ndị isi oche nke otu ndị na-abụghị ndị gọọmentị [2]. Ọ gbakwara aka na nsonaazụ mpaghara 37 na ntuli aka ndị omeiwu 2000.[2] N'ime akwụkwọ akụkọ PBS, Mtetwa kọwara ebumnobi ya maka itinye aka ya dịka "ọ bụghị n'ihi na ọ dị ebube ma ọ bụ ego ọ bụla ọ bụghị n'ihi na m na-agbalị imegide gọọmentị...Ana m eme ya n'ihi na ọ bụ ọrụ kwesịrị ịrụ ya.".<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pbs.org/frontlineworld/stories/zimbabwe504/interview_beatrice.html|title='Zimbabwe: Shadows and Lies'|date=2004|publisher=PBS Frontline|accessdate=2 June 2011}}</ref> A maara Mtetwa karịsịa maka ịgbachitere ndị nta akụkọ e jidere, ma ndị obodo ma ndị mba ụwa.<ref name="CPJ" /> N'afọ 2003, dịka ọmụmaatụ, ọ meriri iwu ụlọ ikpe nke gbochiri nchụpụ nke onye nta akụkọ Guardian Andrew Meldrum, na-enye ya ndị ọrụ nchekwa na ọdụ ụgbọ elu Harare naanị nkeji ole na ole tupu ụgbọelu Meldrum apụọ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/4354094.stm|title=Zimbabwe's feisty freedom fighter|date=18 October 2005|work=BBC News|accessdate=2 June 2011}}</ref> Ọ nwetakwara mmeri maka ndị nta akụkọ e jidere Toby Harnden na Julian Simmonds site na ''Sunday Telegraph'' nke London, bụ ndị e jidere n'oge ọ na-akọ akụkọ banyere ntuli aka ndị omeiwu nke Eprel maka ebubo na ha na-arụ ọrụ na-enweghị ikike gọọmentị.<ref name="CPJ" /> N'ọnwa Eprel afọ 2008, a tọhapụrụ onye nta akụkọ ''New York Times'' bụ Barry Bearak, onye a tụrụ mkpọrọ maka ebubo yiri nke ahụ.<ref name="NYT">{{Cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/04/27/world/africa/27bearak.html?_r=1&oref=slogin&pagewanted=all|title=In Zimbabwe Jail: A Reporter's Ordeal|author=Barry Bearak|date=2008|work=The New York Times|accessdate=2 June 2011}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFBarry_Bearak2008">Barry Bearak (2008). [https://www.nytimes.com/2008/04/27/world/africa/27bearak.html?_r=1&oref=slogin&pagewanted=all "In Zimbabwe Jail: A Reporter's Ordeal"]. ''The New York Times''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 June</span> 2011</span>.</cite></ref> Ọ gbachitekwara ọtụtụ ndị nta akụkọ obodo e jidere na Ntuli aka onye isi ala nke afọ 2008.<ref name="CPJ2" />Mtetwa bụkwa onye nduzi nke na-anọdụ na bọọdụ Econet. Mtetwa na Tawanda Nyambirai guzobere Mtetwa & Nyambirai Legal Practitioners na 2006 ma guzobe onwe ya n'ime afọ iri gara aga dị ka otu n'ime ụlọ ọrụ ndị ọka iwu na-eduga na Zimbabwe. Akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Mtetwa & Nyambirai nwere ikpe dị ịrịba ama n'ọtụtụ akụkụ nke iwu. Site na Econet Wireless bụ ụlọ ọrụ nkwukọrịta kachasị ukwuu na Zimbabwe bụ ụlọ ọrụ ndị ahịa a ma ama, aha Econet na-apụta n'ọtụtụ n'ime ikpe ndị ahụ. Ihe ndị a gụnyere ikpe ndị dị ka Econet Wireless v Trustco Mobile, na Derdale v Econet Wir Wireless nke bụ ugbu a ikpe dị mkpa na ikike nke Ụlọikpe Kasị Elu n'okpuru Iwu 2013 nke Zimbabwe. Ụlọ ọrụ Mtetwa etinyela aka n'ọtụtụ ikpe ndị ruuru mmadụ dị elu ma, karịsịa, nyere aka n'ịgbachitere onye na-eme ngagharị iwe a tọọrọ Jestina Mukoko - onye e jidere n'enweghị nkwurịta okwu ma mekpọọ ya ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ otu ọnwa na 2008. Mtetwa mechara dozie ọtụtụ ikpe ndị metụtara ya nke sochiri, gụnyere ịchekwa ka a kwụsị ikpe Mukoko na ịgba ndị tọọrọ ya akwụkwọ maka mmebi nke onwe ha. Kemgbe ọtụtụ afọ, Mtetwa na Nyambirai aghọwo ụlọ ọrụ iwu zuru oke nwere ikike ijikwa okwu metụtara akụkụ niile nke iwu Zimbabwe.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://mandn.co.zw/index.html|title=Mtetwa and Nyambirai Law Firm|work=mandn.co.zw|accessdate=2019-06-19}} </ref> == Mkpọrọ, mwakpo na iyi egwu == N'afọ 2003, e jidere Mtetwa maka ebubo ịkwọ ụgbọala mmanya na-egbu. N’ụlọ ọrụ ndị uwe ojii, a kọrọ na a tiri ya ihe ma kpagbuo ya tupu a hapụ ya ka awa atọ gachara n’ebuboghị ya akwụkwọ. Ọ bụ ezie na ọ nweghị ike ikwu okwu ruo ụbọchị abụọ mgbe mwakpo ahụ gasịrị, ọ lọghachiri n'ụbọchị nke atọ, o ji folda ihe àmà ahụike iji gbaa ndị uwe ojii wakporo ya ebubo.[1] A kọrọ na ndị uweojii wakporo Mtetwa ọzọ n'afọ 2007, were opi rọba tie ya na ndị ọrụ ibe ya atọ mgbe ha na-eme ngagharị iwe na-eme ngagharị iwe megide ndị ọkaiwu Zimbabwe..<ref name="CPJ2">{{Cite web|url=http://cpj.org/awards/2008/awards-release-08.php|title=CPJ to honor five international journalists|date=16 September 2008|publisher=Committee to Protect Journalists|accessdate=2 June 2011|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110603044956/http://www.cpj.org/awards/2008/awards-release-08.php|archivedate=3 June 2011 <!--DASHBot-->}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[http://cpj.org/awards/2008/awards-release-08.php "CPJ to honor five international journalists"]. Committee to Protect Journalists. 16 September 2008. [https://web.archive.org/web/20110603044956/http://www.cpj.org/awards/2008/awards-release-08.php Archived] from the original on 3 June 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 June</span> 2011</span>.</cite></ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/6635151.stm|title=Zimbabwe police assault lawyers|date=8 March 2007|work=BBC News|accessdate=2 June 2011}}</ref> N'ajụjụ ọnụ ya na Kọmitii Na-echebe Ndị nta akụkọ, Mtetwa kọwara usoro ya maka igbochi mwakpo ndị nwere ike ime:<blockquote>"Echere m na m na-eche ihe ize ndụ ihu ozugbo tupu ya emee. Ana m ejide n'aka mgbe niile na ọ bụrụ na, dịka ọmụmaatụ, a kpọrọ m n'etiti abalị gaa n'ebe nwere ike ịdị ize ndụ, ana m ejide aka na enwere ọtụtụ ndị ọrụ mgbasa ozi dị ka o kwere mee, ọkachasị idekọ ihe ga-eme n'ebe ahụ. Na igwefoto, achọghị m ime ihe ha ga-achọ ime. Ya mere n'ọtụtụ ụzọ echere m na enwere m ihu ọma, enwetaghịkwa nsogbu dị ka mmadụ nwee ọtụtụ ihe. "<ref name="CPJ">{{Cite web|url=http://cpj.org/awards/2005/mtetwa.php|title=IPFA 2005 - Beatrice Mtetwa|date=2005|publisher=Committee to Protect Journalists|accessdate=2 June 2011|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110603022942/http://cpj.org/awards/2005/mtetwa.php|archivedate=3 June 2011 <!--DASHBot-->}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[http://cpj.org/awards/2005/mtetwa.php "IPFA 2005 - Beatrice Mtetwa"]. Committee to Protect Journalists. 2005. [https://web.archive.org/web/20110603022942/http://cpj.org/awards/2005/mtetwa.php Archived] from the original on 3 June 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 June</span> 2011</span>.</cite></ref></blockquote>Na 17 Machị 2013, e jidere Mtetwa mgbe ọ na-arụ ọrụ ọkachamara ya. Ọ na-elekọta onye ahịa nke ndị uwe ojii nyochara ụlọ ya. E jidere Mtetwa mgbe ọ rịọrọ ka e mepụta akwụkwọ ikike ọchụchọ dị irè na ndepụta nke ihe ndị e wepụrụla. E weghaara ekwentị mkpanaaka ya, nke nwere nkwurịta okwu onye ọka iwu na onye ahịa. E boro ya ebubo imeri na / ma ọ bụ igbochi usoro ikpe ziri ezi n'okpuru Iwu Mpụ (Codification and Reform) Act, ngalaba 184 (1) (g). Ndị uwe ojii Zimbabwe mebiri mkpebi ikpe dị elu nke ụlọ ikpe dị elu na-enye iwu ka a tọhapụ Mtetwa ma gaa n'ihu na-ejide ya na ebubo nke igbochi ikpe ziri ezi. Mgbe ihe karịrị otu izu n'ụlọ mkpọrọ gasịrị, a tọhapụrụ Mtetwa na Mọnde 25 Machị 2013 mgbe onye ọka ikpe ụlọ ikpe dị elu wepụrụ mkpebi ụlọ ikpe dị ala na a ga-ejide ya n'enweghị mgbapụta na ebubo nke igbochi ikpe ziri ezi. N'abalị iri abụọ na isii n'ọnwa Nọvemba n'afọ 2013, onye ọka iwu R Bloody Mugwagwa kwuru na Mtetwa enweghị ikpe ọ ga-aza. Onye ọka ikpe Mugwagwa chọpụtara na ọ nweghị ihe akaebe na-egosi na Mtetwa mere ka ndị uwe ojii ghara ịrụ ọrụ ha.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.voazimbabwe.com/a/zimbabwe-charges-dropped-no-case-to-answer-beatrice-mtetwa-/1797954.html|title=Magistrate Acquits Top Zimbabwe Human Rights Lawyer|work=VOA|date=26 November 2013|language=en|accessdate=2019-10-30}}</ref> == Nkwado mba ụwa == Na 2005, ọ meriri ihe nrite International Press Freedom Award nke Kọmitii na-echebe ndị nta akụkọ.[1] Nturu ugo a kwuru na "n'obodo ebe a na-eji iwu eme ihe agha megide ndị nta akụkọ nọọrọ onwe ha, Mtetwa agbachitere ndị nta akụkọ ma kwuo maka nnwere onwe mgbasa ozi, ha niile nọ n'ihe ize ndụ nke onwe." <ref name="CPJ2"/> Mtetwa nwetakwara ọtụtụ onyinye site n'aka ụlọ ọrụ iwu. N'afọ 2009, [[European Bar Human Rights Institute]] nyere ya Ludovic-Trarieux International Human Rights Prize ("Ihe nrite nke ndị ọka iwu nyere onye ọka iwu"), nke a na-echekwa kwa afọ maka onye ọka iwu nke n'oge ọrụ ya gosipụtara, site na ọrụ ma ọ bụ nhụjuanya, ịgbachitere ikike mmadụ n'ụwa. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ludovictrarieux.org/|title=PRIX INTERNATIONAL DES DROITS DE L'HOMME LUDOVIC TRARIEUX|work=www.ludovictrarieux.org|accessdate=2019-06-19}}</ref> Mtetwa nwetakwara ihe nrite 2010 International Human Rights nke American Bar Association. <ref name="ABA">{{Cite web|url=http://apps.americanbar.org/litigation/committees/international/ihr_2010.html|title=Mtetwa Wins 2010 International Human Rights Award|date=2010|publisher=American Bar Association Section of Litigation|accessdate=2 June 2011|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160920195816/http://apps.americanbar.org/litigation/committees/international/ihr_2010.html|archivedate=20 September 2016}}</ref> N'afọ 2011, e nyere ya Inamori Ethics Prize site na Case Western Reserve University na US.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://case.edu/events/inamori/prize/pastrecipients.html|title=Past Recipients|publisher=Case Western Reserve University|archivedate=8 February 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120208115222/http://case.edu/events/inamori/prize/pastrecipients.html|accessdate=10 September 2012}}</ref> N'afọ 2014, ọ bụ onye natara International Women of Courage Award . <ref>{{Cite news|title=US Honors International Women of Courage|url=http://www.voanews.com/content/us-honors-women-of-courage/1863937.html|publisher=[[Voice of America]]|date=4 March 2014|accessdate=5 March 2014|archive-date=5 June 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160605221152/http://www.voanews.com/content/us-honors-women-of-courage/1863937.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> [https://web.archive.org/web/20040621132232/http://www.stfx.ca/people/lstanley/history/welcome2.htm Mahadum St. Francis Xavier], nke dị na Nova Scotia, Canada, bụ mahadum mbụ mere emume maka ọtụtụ ihe Mtetwa rụzuru site n'inye ya nzere nsọpụrụ na Mee 2013. N'ọnwa Disemba afọ 2013, Mahadum Bath na United Kingdom nyere Mtetwa nzere Doctor of Laws (LLD) iji kwado ọrụ ya.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bath.ac.uk/corporate-information/honorary-graduates-2010-to-present/|title=Honorary graduates, 2010 to present|work=www.bath.ac.uk|accessdate=2019-10-30|archivedate=2018-02-17|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180217192436/http://www.bath.ac.uk/corporate-information/honorary-graduates-2010-to-present/}}</ref> N'ọnwa Eprel 2016, Mahadum Rhodes dị na South Africa nyere Mtetwa nzere Doctor of Laws (LLD) iji kwado ihe ọ rụzuru n'ịkwalite na ichebe ikike mmadụ na Zimbabwe. == Edensibia == {{DEFAULTSORT:Mtetwa, Beatrice}} [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Otú:Pages with unreviewed translations]] g2ckova1chhwdpyy87i8zaa3wz3j685 0 60181 727410 393155 2026-09-23T14:32:10Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727410 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Anika Noni Rose''' (amuru Septemba 6, 1972) bu onye omekorita America. A maara ya nke ọma maka ịkpọ Tiana na ''The Princess and the Frog'' (2009). Akpọrọ ya aha Disney Legend na 2011. Rose gbara egwu dị ka Lorrell Robinson na ihe nkiri na-emeri Academy Award ''Dreamgirls'' (2006). Ntinye aka ya na egwu egwu ihe nkiri mere ka a họpụta ya maka ihe nrite Grammy . <ref>{{Cite web|title=Anika Noni Rose {{!}} Artist|url=https://grammy.com/artists/anika-noni-rose/5968|accessdate=2024-04-05|work=grammy.com}}</ref> A makwaara ya maka ihe ngosi ya na ihe nkiri, ọkachasị maka ịgba egwu dị ka Emmie Thibodeaux na mmepụta Broadway nke ''Caroline, ma ọ bụ Change'' (2004), nke ọ meriri Tony Award for Best Featured Actress in a Musical, na Beneatha Younger na Broadway revival nke ''A Raisin in the Sun'' (2014), n'ihi na a họpụtara Tony Award maka ihe nkiri kacha mma . == Ndụ mmalite na agụmakwụkwọ == A mụrụ Rose na Bloomfield, Connecticut, nye Claudia na John Rose, onye ndụmọdụ ụlọ ọrụ. Ọ gara ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị Bloomfield, na-apụta na mmepụta ụlọ akwụkwọ n'oge afọ ọhụrụ ya. O nwetara nzere bachelọ na ụlọ ihe nkiri na Mahadum Florida A&amp;amp;M, <ref name="star">{{Cite web|title=Anika Noni Rose: A Shining Star in Hollywood has a Star Named after Her|url=https://www.starregistry.com/name-a-star/r/anika-noni-rose-blog/}}</ref> wee mụọ ihe nkiri na American Conservatory Theatre na San Francisco, California. == Ọrụ == === Ọrụ mmalite === Rose kwagara New York n'enweghị ọrụ. Mgbe ọnwa atọ gachara, ọ rụrụ ọrụ Rusty na Broadway's ''Footloose'' . Ọ soro ''Footloose'' na ọtụtụ ogbako na egwu abụọ na-eji katalọgụ egwu dị adị, ''Eli's Comin''' Off-Broadway na ''Mụ na Oriakụ Jones'' na Lou Rawls na Philadelphia. A na-anụ kepu kepu abụọ nke tuners zuru oke [ N 1 ] maka ịnyefe, mana ha emebeghị ya ebe ọ bụla mgbe obere aka ha kwụsịrị. A na-atụba nnukwu ezumike Broadway Rose dị ka Emmie Thibodeaux na ''Caroline, ma ọ bụ Change'' . Na 2004, e nyere ya ihe nrite World Theater, Lucille Lortel Award for Outstanding Featured Actress, na Tony Award for Best Featured Actress in a Musical for ''Caroline, or Change'' . Mgbe ihe nkiri mbụ ya gasịrị, ''Eze nke Egwuregwu Bingo'', ọ rụrụ ọrụ nke Kaya na ''Site Justin ruo Kelly'' na 2003 wee rụọ ọrụ na ''ọnwụnwa'' na 2004, na-esote ''Surviving Christmas'' dị ka onye na-agụ egwú na-abụ abụ. Na 2006, Rose starred na ''Dreamgirls'' dị ka Lorrell Robinson na [[Beyoncé Knowles]], Jennifer Hudson, Jamie Foxx, na Eddie Murphy . Rose pụtara na fim ''Just Tinye mmiri'' na ''Razor'' . Rose nwekwara kpakpando n'akụkụ Jill Scott na ''The No. 1 Ladies Detective Agency'' nke Anthony Minghella duziri. <ref>{{Cite news|author=Kimberly Nordyke|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/hr/content_display/film/news/e3i1d4af5a7ea85ee1bfce281f286d97805|title=Rose lands 'Agency' role|date=June 25, 2007|accessdate=June 29, 2007|work=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]|archive-date=June 30, 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070630022615/http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/hr/content_display/film/news/e3i1d4af5a7ea85ee1bfce281f286d97805|url-status=dead}}</ref> === ''The Princess na Frog'' === [[Faịlụ:Anika_Noni_Rose_(8281946306)_(cropped).jpg|thumb|278x278px| Anika Noni Rose na 2009 Peabody Awards]] A maara Rose nke ọma maka ọrụ ya na ihe ngosi ihe nkiri Disney nke 2009 ''The Princess and Frog'' dị ka olu onye ndu Tiana . Akpọrọ Rose aha Disney Legend na Ọgọst 19, 2011. Rose kwuru, sị, "M na-arọ nrọ mgbe niile ịbụ ụda olu na ihe nkiri Disney, ma ọbụna na nrọ ndị ahụ, ọ dịtụbeghị mgbe m rọrọ nrọ ịbụ nwa eze ... Ọ dị m ka ihe ùgwù na nke a bụ na otú nrọ ahụ si emezu, buru ibu ma sie ike karịa ka m chere." <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://d23.com/walt-disney-legend/anika-noni-rose/|title=D23: Anika Noni Rose|accessdate=June 26, 2020}}</ref> === Afọ 2010 === [[Faịlụ:Anika_Noni_Rose_at_2010_Oscars.jpg|thumb|235x235px| Rose na 2010 [[Academy Awards]]]] Na 2010, Rose rụrụ ọrụ Yasmine na ihe nkiri ''For Colored Girls'' nke Tyler Perry na-eduzi na ndị na-emekọ ihe ọnụ Phylicia Rashad na Janet Jackson . Otu onye nkatọ kọwara ọrụ Rose dị ka "ọkachasị egwu". Site na 2010 ruo 2013, Rose nwere ọrụ na-eme ọbịa na ihe nkiri TV iwu kwadoro ''Ezi nwunye'' . Ọ rụrụ ọrụ nke Sara Tidwell na A&amp;amp;E miniseries ''Bag of Bones'' na 2011, dabere na akwụkwọ akụkọ Stephen King nke otu aha ahụ . <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.variety.com/article/VR1118040844/|title=Rose lands role in 'Bag of Bones'|work=Variety|first=Stuart|author=Levine|date=August 3, 2011|accessdate=August 8, 2011}}</ref> [[Faịlụ:Anika_Noni_Rose_Super_Festivals_2024_(cropped).jpg|thumb|231x231px| Rose na 2024 Ft. Lauderdale 's Super Festival]] == Ihe ndetu == == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} * Anika Noni Rose at the Internet Broadway Database * Anika Noni Rose at the Internet Off-Broadway Database * {{IMDb name|0741242}} * [http://disney.go.com/disneyinsider/history/legends/anika-noni-rose Anika Noni Rose at the Disney Legends Website] [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] qyi7c1o0oyrv4u90nkxr2dr6uhdgxpw 0 63154 727407 720016 2026-09-23T14:18:17Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727407 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Angeline Murimirwa''' ( née Mugwendere) bụ nwanyị onye Zimbabwe, bia bụrụkwa onye isi ụlọ ọrụ Camfed na Africa. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://camfed.org/about/team/#angeline-murimirwa|title=Our team – Camfed – Campaign for Female Education|work=camfed.org|accessdate=3 January 2018}}</ref> Murimirwa so na 2017 BBC ndepụta ụmụ nwanyị kacha nwee mmetụta. <ref name="BBC">{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-41380265|title=BBC 100 Women 2017: Who is on the list?|work=[[BBC News]]|date=1 November 2017|accessdate=23 December 2017}}</ref> == Ọrụ == Murimirwa tolitere na Denhere n'ime obodo Zimbabwe. N'afọ ndị 1990, ọ bụ otu n'ime ụmụ agbọghọ mbụ ndi Camfed nyere onyinye maka agụmakwụkwọ ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị ya, nke gụnyere nkwado ego, ejiji ụlọ akwụkwọ ya, akpụkpọ ụkwụ na ngwá ụlọ akwụkwọ. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.newzimbabwe.com/health/healthandcommunity.aspx?newsid=37333|title=How one advocate uses her own story to build trust in girls' education|publisher=New Zimbabwe|date=23 May 2017|accessdate=23 December 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171224101526/http://www.newzimbabwe.com/health/healthandcommunity.aspx?newsid=37333|archivedate=24 December 2017}}</ref> <ref name="CIN">{{Cite web|url=http://www.comminit.com/content/angeline-murimirwa-regional-executive-director-southern-africa-camfed-dfid-girl-summit-2|title=Angeline Murimirwa – Regional Executive Director (Southern Africa), Camfed – DFID Girl Summit 2014|publisher=The Communication Initiative Network|date=20 August 2015|accessdate=23 December 2017|archive-date=26 November 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241126171921/http://www.comminit.com/content/angeline-murimirwa-regional-executive-director-southern-africa-camfed-dfid-girl-summit-2|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="WP">{{Cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/she-the-people/wp/2014/12/12/a-dynamic-african-woman-lives-up-to-michelle-obamas-call-to-give-girls-around-the-world-the-chance-to-go-to-school/|title=A dynamic African woman lives up to Michelle Obama's call to give girls the chance to go to school|author=Weiner|first=Joanna|work=[[The Washington Post]]|date=12 December 2014|accessdate=23 December 2017}}</ref><ref name="HTS">{{Cite web|url=http://www.halftheskymovement.org/blog/entry/education-an-unstoppable-tide.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171224101650/http://www.halftheskymovement.org/blog/entry/education-an-unstoppable-tide.html|archivedate=24 December 2017|title=Education: An Unstoppable Tide|author=Cotton|first=Ann|authorlink=Ann Cotton|publisher=Half the Sky Movement|date=20 August 2012|accessdate=24 December 2017}}</ref> Tupu ahọpụta ya dị ka onye isi nchịkwa - Africa, Murimirwa rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye isi nchịkwa mpaghara maka Camfed n' ime Ndịda na Ọwụwa Anyanwụ Africa. <ref name="WP" /> <ref name="CM">{{Cite web|url=https://www.cambridgenetwork.co.uk/news/angeline-murimirwa-accepts-award-from-rihanna-s-clara-lionel9417/?|title=Angeline Murimirwa accepts award from Rihanna's Clara Lionel Foundation|publisher=[[Cambridge Network]]|date=15 September 2017|accessdate=23 December 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171224101635/https://www.cambridgenetwork.co.uk/news/angeline-murimirwa-accepts-award-from-rihanna-s-clara-lionel9417/|archivedate=24 December 2017}}</ref> N'afọ 1998, e nyere Murimirwa aka iji melite Camfed Alumnae Network (CAMA), nke malitere site na narị ụmụ nwanyị ole na ole. Site n'afọ 2012, CAMA nwere ndị otu 17,000 na mba Africa ise. <ref name="HTS"/> Netwọk ahụ mere emume ndị otu 100,000 n'afọ 2017. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cambridgenetwork.co.uk/news/camfed-celebrates-cama-milestone-of-100-000-empowered-and-ed9981/?|title=Camfed celebrates CAMA milestone of 100,000 empowered and educated women|work=Cambridge Network|language=en|accessdate=3 January 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180104013934/https://www.cambridgenetwork.co.uk/news/camfed-celebrates-cama-milestone-of-100-000-empowered-and-ed9981/|archivedate=4 January 2018}}</ref> N'afọ 2005, Murimirwa gosipụtara na ihe ogbako Global Exchange, na n'afọ 2006, e nyere ya ihe nrite maka okike na ndụ ime obodo site n'aka ndi ama dika Women's World Summit Foundation. <ref name="CIN"/> E gosipụtara Murimirwa na akwụkwọ nke 2009 ''Half the Sky site'' na [[Ihe nrite Pulitzer|Pulitzer Prize]] na-emeri akwụkwọ akụkọ Sheryl WuDunn na Nicholas Kristof . <ref name="HTS" /> <ref name="WP" /> N'afọ 2014, o kwuru okwu na ihe omume na Michelle Obama . N'afọ 2016, Murimirwa gara emume Camfed ebe Julia Gillard, onye bụbu Prime Minister nke Australia, ghọrọ onye na-elekọta nzukọ ahụ. N'oge mmemme ahụ, Murimirwa kwuru na "Ngwọta ahaziri n'ime obodo, ịkwanyere ọnọdụ ya ugwu na iwulite akụrụngwa mpaghara, bụ isi ihe na-eme ka anyị nwee ọganihu." <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.businessweekly.co.uk/news/academia-research/julia-gillard-boosts-camfed%E2%80%99s-female-education-fight|title=Julia Gillard boosts Camfed's female education fight|author=Sweeney|first=Kate|work=Business Weekly|date=10 February 2016|accessdate=24 December 2017}}</ref> N'afọ 2017, e nyere ya onyinye nsọpụrụ nke 2017 Diamond Ball site na ndi otu Clara Lionel Foundation . Na mmemme ahụ, Murimirwa kwuru maka njem onwe ya site na ịda ogbenye ruo ọrụ ọ na-arụ ugbu a na Camfed, na Murimirwa nyekwaara ndị otu "100,000 Camfed Alumnae". Ndị ama ama gụnyere Dave Chappelle, [[Rihanna]], Kendrick Lamar na Calvin Harris bịara mmemme ahụ. <ref name="CM" /> <ref name="Time">{{Cite news|url=https://time.com/4940425/rihanna-diamond-ball-report/|title=What It's Like Inside Rihanna's Power Player-Filled Diamond Ball|author=Bruner|first=Raisa|work=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]|date=15 September 2017|accessdate=24 December 2017|archive-date=19 July 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230719192405/https://time.com/4940425/rihanna-diamond-ball-report/|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pazimbabwe.com/entertainment-41609-rihanna-foundation-honours-zimbabwean-woman.html|title=Rihanna Foundation Honours Zimbabwean Woman|publisher=PA Zimbabwe|date=18 September 2017|accessdate=24 December 2017|archivedate=31 October 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181031052432/https://www.pazimbabwe.com/entertainment-41609-rihanna-foundation-honours-zimbabwean-woman.html}}</ref> N'afọ 2018, n'oge nleta eze na Zambia, Prince Harry zutere Murimirwa. N'afọ 2020, e nyere Murimirwa ihe nrite Yidan maka mmepe agụmakwụkwọ maka ịkwalite mmepe agụmakwụkwọ. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.businessweekly.co.uk/news/academia-research/camfed-female-education-ambassadors-awarded-yidan-prize|title=CAMFED female education ambassadors awarded Yidan Prize|publisher=Business Weekly|date=28 September 2020|accessdate=22 April 2021|archivedate=13 April 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230413123002/https://www.businessweekly.co.uk/news/academia-research/camfed-female-education-ambassadors-awarded-yidan-prize}}</ref> == Ndụ onwe onye == Murimirwa lụrụ di ma nwe ụmụ anọ. <ref name="WP" />{{Cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/she-the-people/wp/2014/12/12/a-dynamic-african-woman-lives-up-to-michelle-obamas-call-to-give-girls-around-the-world-the-chance-to-go-to-school/|title=A dynamic African woman lives up to Michelle Obama's call to give girls the chance to go to school|author=Weiner|first=Joanna|work=[[The Washington Post]]|date=12 December 2014|accessdate=23 December 2017}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFWeiner2014">Weiner, Joanna (12 December 2014). [https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/she-the-people/wp/2014/12/12/a-dynamic-african-woman-lives-up-to-michelle-obamas-call-to-give-girls-around-the-world-the-chance-to-go-to-school/ "A dynamic African woman lives up to Michelle Obama's call to give girls the chance to go to school"]. ''[[The Washington Post]]''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 December</span> 2017</span>.</cite></ref> == Ntụaka == [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 33pbl0gdj25za7hxk36onmgii41u9ps 0 64550 727554 406740 2026-09-24T07:55:50Z Dolphyb 10983 /* Ihe odide */ 727554 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Flottillenadmiral Adalbert von Blanc.jpg|thumb|Adalbert von Blanc]] '''Adalbert Pierre Louis Karl Erich Johann von Blanc''' (11 Julaị 1907&nbsp;- 7 Nọvemba 1976) bụ onye ọrụ ụgbọ mmiri German n'oge [[World War II|Agha ụwa nke abụọ]] ma mesịa bụrụ onye isi na ndị agha mmiri West German . N'oge agha ụwa nke abụọ, e nyere ya onyinye nke Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross wee jee ozi dị ka onye isi nke mbụ na ụgbọ mmiri inyeaka <nowiki><i id="mwDQ">Orion</i></nowiki> . <ref>{{Cite book|author=Dörr|first=Manfred|year=1995|title=Die Ritterkreuzträger der Überwasserstreitkräfte der Kriegsmarine—Band 1: A–K|language=German|location=Osnabrück, Germany|publisher=Biblio Verlag|isbn=978-3-7648-2453-2}}</ref> A mụrụ Blanc na Wilhelmshaven dị ka nwa Louis Ferdinand von Blanc (* 27. Septemba afọ 1878 na Berlin; nwụrụ 28. Ọgọst afọ 1914 KIA dị ka onye isi mbụ nke SMS Cöln). Nna nna ya bụ Admiral Louis Karl Emil von Blanc (1832-1903). Ọ sonyeere oge Weimar Reichsmarine n'afọ 1926 ma zụọ ya na ụgbọ mmiri "Niobe".<ref>{{Cite book|author=Fellgiebel|first=Walther-Peer|authorlink=Walther-Peer Fellgiebel|year=2000|origdate=1986|title=Die Träger des Ritterkreuzes des Eisernen Kreuzes 1939–1945 — Die Inhaber der höchsten Auszeichnung des Zweiten Weltkrieges aller Wehrmachtteile|language=German|location=Friedberg, Germany|publisher=Podzun-Pallas|isbn=978-3-7909-0284-6}}</ref> Mgbe [[World War II|agha ụwa nke abụọ]] gasịrị, Blanc sonyeere Mine Sweeping Administration nke Britian na 15 Ọgọst afọ 1945. Blanc nwere ikike nke 1. Minenräum-Nkewa (nkewa na-ekpochapụ nke mbụ) na Kiel . Mgbe a gbasasịrị nchịkwa ahụ na 31 Disemba afọ 1947, Blanc gafere na nzukọ a na-akpọ ''Minenräumverband Cuxhaven'' wee bụrụ onye isi ya. <ref>{{Cite book|author=Patzwall|first=Klaus D.|year=2001|title=Das Deutsche Kreuz 1941 – 1945 Geschichte und Inhaber Band II|language=German|location=Norderstedt, Germany|publisher=Verlag Klaus D. Patzwall|isbn=978-3-931533-45-8}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite book|author=Scherzer|first=Veit|year=2007|title=Die Ritterkreuzträger 1939–1945 Die Inhaber des Ritterkreuzes des Eisernen Kreuzes 1939 von Heer, Luftwaffe, Kriegsmarine, Waffen-SS, Volkssturm sowie mit Deutschland verbündeter Streitkräfte nach den Unterlagen des Bundesarchives|language=German|location=Jena, Germany|publisher=Scherzers Militaer-Verlag|isbn=978-3-938845-17-2}}</ref> Na 18 Disemba afọ 1950, ụmụ akwụkwọ Georg von Hatzfeld na René Ledesdorff si Heidelberg weghaara agwaetiti Helgoland iji zọpụta ya na mbibi nke ndị agha Britain. Prince Hubertus zu Loewenstein-Wertheim-Freudenberg sonyeere ha abụọ na 29 Disemba afọ 1950. Ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị bi na ya etoola ruo 13 mgbe ndị ọchịchị Britain nyere Blanc iwu iziga ụgbọ mmiri abụọ maka mwepụ nke Helgoland. Blanc jụrụ irube isi n'iwu ahụ, ọbụlagodi mgbe ọ nọ n'okpuru nrụgide siri ike ma kwụsị ọrụ ya. A malitere ikpe megide Blanc na Jenụwarị 3 afọ 1951. Ụlọ ikpe Britain kpebiri na iwu ahụ abụghị otu n'ime ọrụ nkwekọrịta ya ma weghachite ya n'ọkwa ya dị ka onyeisi nke ''Minenräumverband Cuxhaven'' . == Onyinye == * Iron Cross (1939) Klas nke abụọ (15 Septemba 1940) na Klas nke mbụ (17 Ọktoba 1940) * Wehrmacht Long Service Award 4th Class (2 October 1936) & 3rd Class (1 April 1938) <ref name="Dörr p51" /> * Ihe nrite Sudetenland (20 Disemba 1939) <ref name="Dörr p51" /> * Baajị Auxiliary Cruiser (23 August 1941) <ref name="Dörr p51" /> * German Cross na Gold na 11 Septemba 1942 dị ka ''Korvettenkapitän'' na 2. Sicherungs-Division * Baajị Agha nke Minesweeper (25 Machị 1943) <ref name="Dörr p51" /> * Knight's Cross nke Iron Cross na Oak Leaves ** Knight's Cross na 27 Nọvemba 1944 dị ka ''Fregattenkapitän'' na onye ndú nke 9. Sicherungs-Division ** (866th) Oak Leaves na 10 Mee 1945 dị ka ''Fregattenkapitän'' na onye ndú nke 9. Marine-Sicherungs-Division{{refn|There is no reference of the Oak Leaves were awarded to Adalbert von Blanc in the [[German Federal Archives]]. His personal file contains a letter from Admiral [[August Thiele]] indicating that Blanc had been recommended for the Oak Leaves by Thiele. In a file of the German Minenräumdienst dated just after the capitulation is an entry "Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves" without indicating a date of the award. The sequential number "866" and date was assigned by the [[Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross#Association of Knight's Cross Recipients|Association of Knight's Cross Recipients]] (AKCR). Blanc was member of the AKCR.<ref>Scherzer 2007, p. 121.</ref>|group="Note"}} * Grand Cross nke Order of Merit nke Federal Republic of Germany na 1964 <ref name="Dörr p51" /> == Ihe edeturu n'okpuru ala == {{Reflist|group="Note"}} == Ihe odide == {{Reflist|25em}} seq6idxs5sbjs4rsedlneq149ton0qv 727555 727554 2026-09-24T08:01:26Z Dolphyb 10983 /* Ihe odide */ 727555 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Flottillenadmiral Adalbert von Blanc.jpg|thumb|Adalbert von Blanc]] '''Adalbert Pierre Louis Karl Erich Johann von Blanc''' (11 Julaị 1907&nbsp;- 7 Nọvemba 1976) bụ onye ọrụ ụgbọ mmiri German n'oge [[World War II|Agha ụwa nke abụọ]] ma mesịa bụrụ onye isi na ndị agha mmiri West German . N'oge agha ụwa nke abụọ, e nyere ya onyinye nke Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross wee jee ozi dị ka onye isi nke mbụ na ụgbọ mmiri inyeaka <nowiki><i id="mwDQ">Orion</i></nowiki> . <ref>{{Cite book|author=Dörr|first=Manfred|year=1995|title=Die Ritterkreuzträger der Überwasserstreitkräfte der Kriegsmarine—Band 1: A–K|language=German|location=Osnabrück, Germany|publisher=Biblio Verlag|isbn=978-3-7648-2453-2}}</ref> A mụrụ Blanc na Wilhelmshaven dị ka nwa Louis Ferdinand von Blanc (* 27. Septemba afọ 1878 na Berlin; nwụrụ 28. Ọgọst afọ 1914 KIA dị ka onye isi mbụ nke SMS Cöln). Nna nna ya bụ Admiral Louis Karl Emil von Blanc (1832-1903). Ọ sonyeere oge Weimar Reichsmarine n'afọ 1926 ma zụọ ya na ụgbọ mmiri "Niobe".<ref>{{Cite book|author=Fellgiebel|first=Walther-Peer|authorlink=Walther-Peer Fellgiebel|year=2000|origdate=1986|title=Die Träger des Ritterkreuzes des Eisernen Kreuzes 1939–1945 — Die Inhaber der höchsten Auszeichnung des Zweiten Weltkrieges aller Wehrmachtteile|language=German|location=Friedberg, Germany|publisher=Podzun-Pallas|isbn=978-3-7909-0284-6}}</ref> Mgbe [[World War II|agha ụwa nke abụọ]] gasịrị, Blanc sonyeere Mine Sweeping Administration nke Britian na 15 Ọgọst afọ 1945. Blanc nwere ikike nke 1. Minenräum-Nkewa (nkewa na-ekpochapụ nke mbụ) na Kiel . Mgbe a gbasasịrị nchịkwa ahụ na 31 Disemba afọ 1947, Blanc gafere na nzukọ a na-akpọ ''Minenräumverband Cuxhaven'' wee bụrụ onye isi ya. <ref>{{Cite book|author=Patzwall|first=Klaus D.|year=2001|title=Das Deutsche Kreuz 1941 – 1945 Geschichte und Inhaber Band II|language=German|location=Norderstedt, Germany|publisher=Verlag Klaus D. Patzwall|isbn=978-3-931533-45-8}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite book|author=Scherzer|first=Veit|year=2007|title=Die Ritterkreuzträger 1939–1945 Die Inhaber des Ritterkreuzes des Eisernen Kreuzes 1939 von Heer, Luftwaffe, Kriegsmarine, Waffen-SS, Volkssturm sowie mit Deutschland verbündeter Streitkräfte nach den Unterlagen des Bundesarchives|language=German|location=Jena, Germany|publisher=Scherzers Militaer-Verlag|isbn=978-3-938845-17-2}}</ref> Na 18 Disemba afọ 1950, ụmụ akwụkwọ Georg von Hatzfeld na René Ledesdorff si Heidelberg weghaara agwaetiti Helgoland iji zọpụta ya na mbibi nke ndị agha Britain. Prince Hubertus zu Loewenstein-Wertheim-Freudenberg sonyeere ha abụọ na 29 Disemba afọ 1950. Ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị bi na ya etoola ruo 13 mgbe ndị ọchịchị Britain nyere Blanc iwu iziga ụgbọ mmiri abụọ maka mwepụ nke Helgoland. Blanc jụrụ irube isi n'iwu ahụ, ọbụlagodi mgbe ọ nọ n'okpuru nrụgide siri ike ma kwụsị ọrụ ya. A malitere ikpe megide Blanc na Jenụwarị 3 afọ 1951. Ụlọ ikpe Britain kpebiri na iwu ahụ abụghị otu n'ime ọrụ nkwekọrịta ya ma weghachite ya n'ọkwa ya dị ka onyeisi nke ''Minenräumverband Cuxhaven'' . == Onyinye == * Iron Cross (1939) Klas nke abụọ (15 Septemba 1940) na Klas nke mbụ (17 Ọktoba 1940) * Wehrmacht Long Service Award 4th Class (2 October 1936) & 3rd Class (1 April 1938) <ref name="Dörr p51" /> * Ihe nrite Sudetenland (20 Disemba 1939) <ref name="Dörr p51" /> * Baajị Auxiliary Cruiser (23 August 1941) <ref name="Dörr p51" /> * German Cross na Gold na 11 Septemba 1942 dị ka ''Korvettenkapitän'' na 2. Sicherungs-Division * Baajị Agha nke Minesweeper (25 Machị 1943) <ref name="Dörr p51" /> * Knight's Cross nke Iron Cross na Oak Leaves ** Knight's Cross na 27 Nọvemba 1944 dị ka ''Fregattenkapitän'' na onye ndú nke 9. Sicherungs-Division ** (866th) Oak Leaves na 10 Mee 1945 dị ka ''Fregattenkapitän'' na onye ndú nke 9. Marine-Sicherungs-Division{{refn|There is no reference of the Oak Leaves were awarded to Adalbert von Blanc in the [[German Federal Archives]]. His personal file contains a letter from Admiral [[August Thiele]] indicating that Blanc had been recommended for the Oak Leaves by Thiele. In a file of the German Minenräumdienst dated just after the capitulation is an entry "Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves" without indicating a date of the award. The sequential number "866" and date was assigned by the [[Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross#Association of Knight's Cross Recipients|Association of Knight's Cross Recipients]] (AKCR). Blanc was member of the AKCR.<ref>Scherzer 2007, p. 121.</ref>|group="Note"}} * Grand Cross nke Order of Merit nke Federal Republic of Germany na 1964 <ref name="Dörr p51" /> == Ihe edeturu n'okpuru ala == {{Reflist|group="Note"}} == Ihe odide == <references /> bbd382edp2q5k2skycbf7ipjpkx7r2z 0 65352 727598 720917 2026-09-24T11:54:13Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727598 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Djigui Diarra''' (amụrụ n'ụbọchị iri abụọ na asaa Febụwarị 1995) bụ onye ọkachamara n'ịgba bọọlụ nke Mali nke na-agba dịka onye na-eche goolu maka otu egwuregwu Premier League nke Tanzania Young Africans Ndị otu mba Mali . <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://int.soccerway.com/players/djigui-diarra/405521/|title=Mali - D. Diarra - Profile with news, career statistics and history - Soccerway|work=int.soccerway.com|language=en|accessdate=7 May 2018}}</ref> Ọ nọchitekwara anya mba ma ọ bụ obodo ya na 2015 FIFA U-20 World Cup, ebe ha nwetara ọkwa nke atọ. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.fifa.com/news/diarra-mali-s-luck-has-turned-2769615|title=Welcome to FIFA.com News - Diarra: Mali's luck has turned|publisher=[[FIFA]]|accessdate=12 February 2020}}</ref> == Ọrụ klọb == Diarra sonyeere klọb Tanzania Young Africans n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ afọ 2021.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://en.africatopsports.com/2021/08/08/djigui-diarra-malian-gk-joins-tanzanian-giants-young-africans/|title=Djigui Diarra : Malian GK joins Tanzanian giants Young Africans|work=Africa Top Sports|date=8 August 2021|accessdate=11 August 2021|archive-date=3 March 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220303182059/https://en.africatopsports.com/2021/08/08/djigui-diarra-malian-gk-joins-tanzanian-giants-young-africans/|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Ọrụ mba ụwa == === Ndị ntorobịa === Diarra dị njikere ịnọchite anya mba ya na 2015 African U-20 Championship, mana ọ gbajiri aka ya n'oge egwuregwu CAF Champions League megide AS GNN, ma emesịghị họrọ ya maka ndị otu ahụ.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.malinet.net/sports/talents-caches-djigui-diarra-lange-gardien-des-aiglons-du-mali/|title=Talents Cachés : Djigui Diarra, l’ange gardien des Aiglons du Mali|first=Ibrahima|author=Dia|publisher=Mali Net|accessdate=5 June 2016|language=French|archive-date=8 March 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170308222416/http://www.malinet.net/sports/talents-caches-djigui-diarra-lange-gardien-des-aiglons-du-mali/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://fr.fifa.com/live-scores/news/y=2016/m=3/news=le-vent-tourne-pour-diarra-et-les-aigles-2769494.html|title=Le vent tourne pour Diarra et les Aigles|publisher=[[FIFA]]|date=10 March 2016|accessdate=6 June 2016|language=fr}}</ref> N'ọnwa Mee afọ 2015, a kpọrọ aha ya na ndị otu Mali iji nọchite anya ndị otu mba na-erubeghị afọ iri abụọ na 2015 FIFA U-20 World Cup na [[New Zealand]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://malifootball.com/coupe-du-monde-u20-nouvelle-zelande-2015-le-coach-fanyeri-diarra-devoile-sa-liste-des-21-maliens-pour-mondial/|title=Coupe du Monde U20 Nouvelle Zélande 2015: Le coach Fanyeri Diarra dévoile sa liste des 21 maliens pour mondial|first=Mahamat|author=Traoré|publisher=MaliFootball|date=20 May 2015|accessdate=6 June 2016|language=fr}}</ref> Diarra, onye isi ndị otu ahụ, gbochiri agba itoolu, gụnyere penalty, n'egwuregwu ha megide Germany.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://resources.fifa.com/mm/document/tournament/competition/02/64/80/89/eng_46_0614_mli-ger_fulltime.pdf|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150615195605/http://resources.fifa.com/mm/document/tournament/competition/02/64/80/89/eng_46_0614_mli-ger_fulltime.pdf|archivedate=15 June 2015|title=Mali vs. Germany Match Report|publisher=[[FIFA]]|date=14 June 2015|accessdate=6 June 2016}}</ref> Ha mechara merie site na penalty shoot-out, site na sịkọ nke 4-3.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.dnaindia.com/sport/report-fifa-u-20-world-cup-mali-stun-germany-while-brazil-shoot-out-portugal-2095439|title=FIFA U-20 World Cup: Mali stun Germany while Brazil shoot-out Portugal|publisher=DNA India|date=14 June 2015|accessdate=6 June 2016}}</ref> Serbia wepụrụ ha na ọkara ikpeazụ, mana ha meriri Senegal n'egwuregwu nke atọ. Tụkwasị na nke a, o nwetara okpu atọ na otu mba Mali na-erubeghị afọ iri abụọ na atọ n'oge 2015 Africa U-23 Cup of Nations na ngwụcha afọ 2015, na-edekọ otu shutout. === Onye Ukwu === A kpọrọ Diarra ka ọ bịa n'otu mba Mali maka asọmpi African Nations Championship nke afọ 2016, wee mee nke mbụ ya n'ụwa niile n'oge asọmpi mbụ, na mmeri 3-1 megide Guinea-Bissau na 5 Julaị 2015. Ọ pụtakwara na mmeri 2-1 megide Mauritania na 18 Ọktoba. Site na mmeri ndị a, Mali ruru eru maka asọmpi mba Afrịka nke afọ 2016, nke emere na [[Rwanda]]. A kpọrọ Diarra aha ọzọ na ndị otu mmadụ iri abụọ na atọ, <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://en.starafrica.com/football/articles/chan-2016-mali-squad/|title=CHAN 2016: Mali squad|first=Mounib|author=Labidi|publisher=Star Africa|date=11 January 2016|accessdate=6 June 2016|archive-date=9 July 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170709040845/https://en.starafrica.com/football/articles/chan-2016-mali-squad/|url-status=dead}}</ref> ma dekọọ nkwụsị atọ na egwuregwu isii mgbe Mali ruru na ngwụcha, ebe ha meriri DR Congo 3-0. <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://bleacherreport.com/articles/2614691-chan-2016-final-score-and-twitter-reaction-for-dr-congo-vs-mali|title=CHAN 2016 Final: Score and Twitter Reaction for DR Congo vs. Mali|first=Gianni|author=Verschueren|publisher=[[Bleacher Report]]|date=7 February 2016|accessdate=6 June 2016}}</ref> A kpọrọ Diarra aha na asọmpi nke iri na otu dị ka onye nnọchi anya.<ref name="CHAN">{{Cite news|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/201602100415.html|title=Africa: Sugira Named Among Best CHAN Players|first=Geoffrey|author=Asiimwe|publisher=[[AllAfrica.com]]|date=10 February 2016|accessdate=6 June 2016}}</ref> == Ọrụ ndekọ ọnụ ọgụgụ == {{Updated|matches played on 5 June 2025}}<ref name="nft">{{NFT|59794}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+Egwuregwu na ihe mgbaru ọsọ site na otu mba na afọ !Ndị otu mba !Afọ !Ngwaọrụ !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ |- | rowspan="11" |Mali |2015 |2 |0 |- |2016 |10 |0 |- |2017 |7 |0 |- |2018 |5 |0 |- |2019 |14 |0 |- |2020 |2 |0 |- |2021 |8 |0 |- |2022 |1 |0 |- |2023 |4 |0 |- |2024 |13 |0 |- |2025 |3 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta !69 !0 |} == Nsọpụrụ == '''Ogige Egwuregwu Malien''' * Nkewa nke Mbụ nke Mali: 2012-13, 2013-14, 2014-15, 2016, 2019-20, 2020-212020–21 * Iko Mali: 2013, 2015, 2018 * Mali Super Cup: 2014, 2015 * Tanzania Premier League: 2021, 2022 * Ndị na-esote asọmpi African Nations Championship: 2016 '''Mali U20''' * FIFA U-20 World Cup nke atọ: 2015 '''Otu onye''' * CAF Team of the Year: 2015 (dị ka onye nnọchi anya) <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.cafonline.com/en-US/NewsCenter/News/NewsDetails?id=rIVF4WCnlfavi%2fKHOwXX6w%3d%3d|title=Aubameyang, Samatta Rule Africa|publisher=[[Confederation of African Football]]|date=7 January 2016|accessdate=6 June 2016}}</ref> * African Nations Championship Best XI: 2016 (dị ka onye nọchiri) <ref name="CHAN" /> * Onye egwuregwu nke afọ nke Malian Première Division: 2014-15 <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://malijet.com/actualite_sportive_au_mali/148121-djigui-diarra-elu-meilleur-joueur.html|title=Djigui Diarra élu meilleur joueur|publisher=Mali Jet|date=23 February 2016|accessdate=5 June 2016|language=French}}</ref> * Onye na-edebe goolu kachasị mma nke Tanzania Premier League (NBC): 2021-22 == Edemsibia == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga ==   * Djigui DiarranaESPN FC * Djigui Diarra-FIFAndekọ asọmpi (echekwara) * Djigui Diarrana National-Football-Teams.com * Djigui DiarranaỤzọ bọọlụ * Djigui Diarrana WorldFootball.net {{Navboxes colour|title=Mali squads|bg=#14B53A|fg=#FCD116|bordercolor=#CE1126|list1={{Mali squad 2017 Africa Cup of Nations}} {{Mali squad 2019 Africa Cup of Nations}} {{Mali squad 2021 Africa Cup of Nations}} {{Mali squad 2023 Africa Cup of Nations}}}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Diarra, Djigui}} [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] i0kgewjefm12i9zl0l288p9ow6s90bx 0 65629 727559 725672 2026-09-24T08:21:02Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727559 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Reflist}} [[Faịlụ:Claudia Goldin (cropped).jpg|thumb|Claudia Goldin]] '''Claudia Dale Goldin''' (amụrụ na Mee 14, 1946) bụ onye America na-Ọkọ akụkọ ihe mere eme na akụ na ụba ọrụ. Ọ bụ Henry Lee Prọfesọ nke Economics na Mahadum Harvard. <ref name="auto3" /> N'ọnwa Ọktoba afọ 2023, e nyere ya ihe nrite Nobel Memorial Prize na sayensị akụ na ụba "n'ihi ịkwalite nghọta anyị banyere nsonaazụ ahịa Ọrụ ụmụ nwanyị".<ref name="auto13" /> Nwanyị nke atọ meriri ihe nrite ahụ, ọ bụ nwanyị mbụ meriri ihe mmeri ahụ n'onwe ya. <ref name="auto3" /><ref name="auto2" /> Ọ bụ onye ntụzi aka (onye na-eduzi Claudia Olivetti na Jessica Goldberg) nke National Bureau of Economic Research's (NBER) Gender na otu ọmụmụ Economy, [1] ma bụrụkwa onye isi NBER's Development of the American Economy program site na 1989 ruo 2017. Ọrụ akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Goldin na ụmụ nwanyị na akụnụba America bụ ihe a kacha mara ya.Banyere isiokwu ahụ, akwụkwọ ya kacha emetụta bụ nke gbasara mmetụta ọgwụ mgbochi ime na ọrụ ụmụ nwanyị na mkpebi alụmdi na nwunye.agụmakwụkwọ nke ụmụ nwanyị na ndị nwoke ọnụ na agụmakwụkwọ ka elu, akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ụmụ nwanyị na-achụso ọrụ na ezinụlọ, aha ikpeazụ ụmụ nwanyị mgbe alụmdi na nwunye dị ka ihe ngosi ọha mmadụ, ihe kpatara ọtụtụ ndị na-agụghị akwụkwọ ugbu a bụ ụmụ nwanyị, na akụkọ ndụ ọhụrụ nke ọrụ ụmụ nwanyị.<ref name="auto5">{{Cite web|title=Bio for Claudia Goldin|url=https://scholar.harvard.edu/goldin/biocv|accessdate=October 11, 2023|work=scholar.harvard.edu|language=en}}</ref> N'afọ 1990, Goldin ghọrọ nwanyị mbụ na-arụ ọrụ na ngalaba akụ na ụba nke Harvard.<ref name="crims" /> N'afọ 2013 ọ bụ oge isi oche nke American Economic Association. == Akụkọ ndụ == === Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ === A mụrụ Claudia Goldin na Bronx, New York City na Mee 14, 1946.<ref name="auto3">{{Cite web|url=https://news.cornell.edu/stories/2023/10/claudia-goldin-67-wins-nobel-prize-economics|title=Claudia Goldin '67 wins Nobel Prize in Economics &#124; Cornell Chronicle|work=news.cornell.edu}}</ref> Ezinụlọ ya bụ ndị Juu.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/nobel-prize-harvard-professor-claudia-goldin-economics-b2427243.html|title=Sheryl Sandberg interview on Harvard professor Claudia Goldin winning Nobel Prize|date=October 11, 2023|work=The Independent}}</ref> Nna ya Leon Goldin (1918-2011) rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye njikwa nhazi data na Burlington Industries, nne ya Lucille Rosansky Goldin (1919-2020) bụ onye isi nke Public School 105 na Bronx. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.legacy.com/us/obituaries/dailycamera/name/lucille-goldin-obituary?id=8221782|title=Lucille Goldin Obituary (2020) – Boulder, CO – The Daily Camera|work=Legacy.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.dignitymemorial.com/en-ca/obituaries/boulder-co/lucille-goldin-9346732|title=Lucille Goldin Obituary – Boulder, CO|work=Dignity Memorial}}</ref> Dị ka nwatakịrị, Claudia kpebisiri ike ịghọ onye ọkà mmụta ihe ochie, mana mgbe ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ Paul nke Kruif's Microbe Hunters (1926) na ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị, ọ dọtara mmasị ya na nkà mmụta nje.<ref>{{Cite book|author=de Kruif|first=Paul|date=1926|title=Microbe Hunters|series=Blue Ribbon Books|publisher=Harcourt Brace & Company Inc.|location=New York|url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.221187/page/n3/mode/2up|accessdate=May 8, 2020}}</ref> Dị ka nwa akwụkwọ sekọndrị, ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ n'oge ọkọchị na Microbiology na Mahadum Cornell ma mgbe ọ gụsịrịụsịrị akwụkwọ na Bronx High School of Science ọ banyere Mahadum cornell na ebumnuche nke ịmụ microbiology.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Claudia Goldin|url=https://www.richmondfed.org/publications/research/econ_focus/2014/q4/interview|accessdate=October 9, 2023|work=www.richmondfed.org|language=en-us}}</ref><ref name="Detective-2015">{{Cite web|title=Economist as Detective|url=https://scholar.harvard.edu/files/goldin/files/detective.doc|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150921031030/http://scholar.harvard.edu/files/goldin/files/detective.doc|archivedate=September 21, 2015}}</ref><ref name="Walker-2018" /> N'afọ nke abụọ ya, Goldin weere Alfred Kahn klas, "bụ onye obi ụtọ ya n'iji akụ na ụba kpughee eziokwu zoro ezo mere maka akụ na ụba ihe akụkọ Paul de Kruif mere maka microbiology.Na 1967 ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Mahadum Cornell na BA na akụnụba, na 1969 ọ gụchara akara ugo mmụta masta ya na akụ na ụba na Mahadum Chicago. Goldin nwetara PhD ya na Industrial Organization na Labor Economics na Mahadum Chicago na 1972. <ref name="Walker-2018" /> O dere edemede ya ("The Economics of Urban Slavery: 1820 to 1860") banyere ịgba ohu n'obodo ndịda antebellum.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://mag.uchicago.edu/economics-business/delight-discovery|title=The University of Chicago Magazine|work=mag.uchicago.edu}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=Goldin|first=Claudia|title=Urban Slavery in the American South|url=https://www.rareamericana.com/pages/books/3729616/claudia-dale-goldin/urban-slavery-in-the-american-south-1820-1860-a-quantitative-history|work=Rare Americana|accessdate=August 20, 2021|archivedate=August 20, 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210820003004/https://www.rareamericana.com/pages/books/3729616/claudia-dale-goldin/urban-slavery-in-the-american-south-1820-1860-a-quantitative-history}}</ref> === Ọrụ === Site na 1971 ruo 1973, ọ bụ osote prọfesọ nke akụnụba na Mahadum Wisconsin. Ọ bụkwa osote prọfesọ nke akụnụba site na 1973 ruo 1979, na Mahadum Princeton. Site na 1979 ruo 1985 ọ bụ osote prọfesọ nke akụnụba na Mahadum Pennsylvania, na site na 1985 ruo 1990 ọ bụ onye prọfesọ nke akụnụba ebe ahụ.[1] Ọ sonyeere ngalaba mmụta akụ na ụba na Mahadum Harvard na 1990, ebe ọ bụ na 1990 nwanyị mbụ enyere ikike na ngalaba ahụ.<ref name="crims">{{Cite news|author=Alexander|first=Sophie M.|title=Goldin Demystifies Gender Economics|url=http://www.thecrimson.com/article/2007/4/26/goldin-demystifies-gender-economics-gender-will/|work=[[The Harvard Crimson]]|date=April 26, 2007}}</ref> Goldin bụ onye isi oche nke American Economic Association na 2013 na onye isi oche of Economic History Association na 1999/2000. A họpụtala ya dịka onye otu ọtụtụ òtù, gụnyere American Academy of Political and Social Science, [[Society of Labor Economists]], Econometric Society, na American Academy of Arts and Sciences.<ref name="Aea profile">{{Cite web|title=Claudia Goldin, Distinguished Fellow 2014|url=https://www.aeaweb.org/about-aea/honors-awards/distinguished-fellows/claudia-goldin|work=aeaweb.org|publisher=[[American Economic Association]]|accessdate=October 10, 2023}}</ref> Ọ bụ onye otu ngalaba 53 (Social and Political Sciences) na 54 (Economic Sciences) nke National Academy of Sciences. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Claudia D. Goldin|url=https://www.nasonline.org/member-directory/members/1094.html|work=nasonline.org|publisher=[[National Academy of Sciences]]|accessdate=October 10, 2023|archive-date=October 9, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231009095737/https://www.nasonline.org/member-directory/members/1094.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ọ natala ọtụtụ nzere doctorate nsọpụrụ gụnyere Mahadum Nebraska, Mahadum Lund, European University Institute, <ref>{{Cite web|title=Honorary Degrees|url=https://nebraska.edu/-/media/projects/unca/docs/board-of-regents/awards-and-recognition/honorary-degrees/honorary-degrees-alphabetical-2020.pdf|publisher=[[University of Nebraska system]]|accessdate=October 10, 2023}}</ref> Mahadum Zurich, [4] Dartmouth College, [4] na Mahadum Rochester.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Clement|first=Douglas|title=Interview with Claudia Goldin {{!}} Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis|url=https://www.minneapolisfed.org/article/2004/interview-with-claudia-goldin|work=minneapolisfed.org|publisher=[[Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis]]|accessdate=October 10, 2023|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=LUSEM honorary doctor receives the Prize in Economic Sciences 2023|url=https://www.lusem.lu.se/news/lusem-honorary-doctor-receives-the-prize-in-economic-sciences-2023|work=Lund University School of Economics and Management|accessdate=October 10, 2023|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Doctor Honoris Causa of the EUI|url=https://www.eui.eu/ServicesAndAdmin/AcademicService/Honorary-Doctorates|work=European University Institute|accessdate=October 10, 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Prof. Dr. Claudia Goldin|url=https://www.uzh.ch/de/explore/portrait/awards/hc/2020/oec.html|work=uzh.ch|publisher=[[University of Zurich]]|accessdate=October 10, 2023|language=de}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Claudia Goldin, Doctor of Humane Letters {{!}} Dartmouth|url=https://home.dartmouth.edu/news/2022/06/claudia-goldin-doctor-humane-letters|work=home.dartmouth.edu|publisher=[[Dartmouth College]]|accessdate=October 10, 2023|language=en|date=June 22, 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Honorary degrees|url=https://www.rochester.edu/commencement/class-of-2023/honorary-degrees/|work=rochester.edu|publisher=[[University of Rochester]]|accessdate=October 10, 2023}}</ref> Ọ bụ onye nchịkọta akụkọ nke Journal of Economic History, site na 1984 ruo 1988. <ref name="Aea profile" /> N'afọ 2015, site n'iji ego sitere na Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, Goldin na Tatyana Avilova malitere ihe ịma aka ụmụ nwanyị na-agụsị akwụkwọ na akụ na ụba (UWE) na-enwe olileanya ibelata ọdịiche nwoke na nwanyị n'etiti ụmụ akwụkwọ na akụnụba. E mere nnwale a na-achịkwa na mberede maka otu afọ site na iji ụlọ ọrụ iri abụọ iji nweta ọgwụgwọ na iri isii na asatọ ndị ọzọ dị ka njikwa iji hụ ma ọ bụrụ na mmetụ ọkụ, ntinye aka dị ala nwere ike ịbawanye ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ụmụ nwanyị ndị isi akụ na ụba. Achọpụtara na ọgwụgwọ ahụ "ma eleghị anya gara nke ọma na kọleji nka na ikekwe na mahadum ndị buru ibu nke, na mgbakwunye, nwere RCT nke ha [nnwale a na-achịkwa na mberede]. "<ref>{{Cite web|title=Undergraduate Women in Economics (UWE)|url=https://scholar.harvard.edu/goldin/UWE|work=scholar.harvard.edu|accessdate=October 10, 2023|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=Avilova|first=Tatyana|title=What the Undergraduate Women in Economics Challenge did for economics|url=https://cepr.org/voxeu/columns/what-undergraduate-women-economics-challenge-did-economics|work=CEPR|accessdate=October 10, 2023|language=en|date=August 21, 2023}}</ref> Ruo afọ 28 na-agwụ na 2017, Goldin bụ onye nduzi nke Development of the American Economy (DAE) Program na National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER). <ref name="Walker-2018" /> == Nnyocha == === Omume akụkọ ihe mere eme na itinye aka n'ọrụ ụmụ nwanyị === Nnyocha Claudia Goldin agbanweela nghọta nke ihe mere ụgwọ ọrụ na ọrụ ụmụ nwanyị ji dị ala karịa nke ụmụ nwoke ma chọpụta isi ihe na-akpali ọdịiche nwoke na nwanyị n'ahịa ọrụ.<ref>{{Cite web|title=The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 2023|url=https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/economic-sciences/2023/press-release/|accessdate=2025-02-27|work=NobelPrize.org|language=en-US}}</ref> N'akwụkwọ ya bụ Understanding the Gender Gap: An Economic History of American Women (1990), o dere banyere ọganihu nke ndị ọrụ nwanyị na United States site na ngwụcha narị afọ nke iri na asatọ ruo ngwụcha nke narị afọ nke abụọ, na-elekwasị anya n'okwu gbasara ọdịiche nwoke na nwanyị n'ebe ọrụ ma na-ama nghọta a na-ahụkarị na ọganihu ọrụ ụmụ nwanyị bụ nzaghachi maka mgbanwe mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya karịa ọganihu akụ na ụba ogologo oge. Ọ na-egosipụta na ọdịiche ụgwọ ọrụ nwoke na nwanyị adịla kemgbe ọtụtụ narị afọ ma bụrụkwa nke e mere site na ụkpụrụ ọha mmadụ, usoro ahịa ọrụ, na mmachi iwu.[1] Goldin na-eleba anya n'okwu abụọ bụ isi "okwu ụmụ nwanyị" na akụnụba taa: Gịnị kpatara ọnụ ọgụgụ ụmụ nwanyị na-ekere òkè ji rịa elu nke ukwuu n'ime ọkara narị afọ gara aga, karịsịa maka ụmụ nwanyị lụrụ di? Kedu ihe kpatara ọdịiche dị n'etiti ego ụmụ nwoke na ụmụ nwanyị ji na-aga n'ihu n'otu oge a? <ref>{{Cite journal|author=Wright|first=Gavin|date=1991|title=Understanding the Gender Gap: A Review Article|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/2727615|journal=Journal of Economic Literature|volume=29|issue=3|pages=1153–1163|issn=0022-0515}}</ref> N'akwụkwọ ọrụ ya "The U-Shaped Female Labor Force Function in Economic Development and Economic History" (1994) Goldin dere banyere otu ụmụ nwanyị si etinye aka na ọrụ na-agbaso usoro U. Na mbido, ọnụ ọgụgụ dị ukwuu nke ụmụ nwanyị na-arụ ọrụ ugbo, ma ka mmepụta mmepụta ihe na-aga n'ihu, òkè ha na-ebelata n'ihi ụkpụrụ mmekọrịta ọha na eze na mgbanwe nke ahịa ọrụ n'ime akụkụ ndị nwoke na-achị. Otú ọ dị, ka agụmakwụkwọ na-eme ka ụmụ nwanyị na-alaghachi n'ọrụ ọrụ, ya mere U-ụdị. Usoro a na-enyere aka ịkọwa usoro ọrụ akụkọ ihe mere eme na nke mba. Otu n'ime akwụkwọ ya kacha akpọtụrụ, "A Grand Gender Convergence: Its Ikpeazụ Chapter" (2014), na-akọwapụta otú ime ka ọrụ dịkwuo mfe ga-enwe mmetụta dị ukwuu na imechi ọdịiche nwoke na nwanyị. Ọ bụ ezie na ụfọdụ ụlọ ọrụ, dị ka nkà na ụzụ, sayensị, na ahụike, anabatala usoro ọrụ na-agbanwe agbanwe, mgbanwe ndị a ejirila nwayọọ nwayọọ na-ejide ọrụ dịka azụmahịa ụlọ ọrụ, ego, na iwu.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Goldin|first=Claudia|date=April 2014|title=A Grand Gender Convergence: Its Last Chapter|url=https://www.aeaweb.org/articles?id=10.1257/aer.104.4.1091|journal=American Economic Review|language=en|volume=104|issue=4|pages=1091–1119|doi=10.1257/aer.104.4.1091|issn=0002-8282}}</ref> Akwụkwọ Goldin bụ Career and Family: Women's Century-Long Journey Toward Equity (2021) bụ nchịkọta zuru oke nke nyocha ya sara mbara, na-enyocha etu ụkpụrụ ọha na eze, ike akụ na ụba, na nhọrọ onwe onye si ejikọta ma kpụzie ndụ na ohere ụmụ nwanyị na narị afọ gara aga. <ref>{{Cite book|author=Goldin|first=Claudia|url=https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/9780691226736/html|title=Career and Family: Women's Century-Long Journey toward Equity|date=2021-10-12|publisher=Princeton University Press|isbn=978-0-691-22673-6|language=en|doi=10.1515/9780691226736}}</ref> Ọ na-achọpụta akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ụmụ nwanyị gụrụ akwụkwọ na kọleji na-emeso nsogbu nke ijikọ ọrụ na ezinụlọ na narị afọ nke iri abụọ na United States, gụnyere mmetụta nke ọrịa COVID-19 na ọrụ ụmụ nwanyị. N'ime akwụkwọ ahụ, Goldin na-agbagha nkwenkwe ndị dị mfe banyere ọdịiche nwoke na nwanyị, na ọ bụ maka nhọrọ onwe onye, na-enweghị mkpa ọ bụla maka itinye aka na iwu. Ọ na-ekwu nke ọma na nhọrọ na-akpụzi site na mgbochi nke ọha mmadụ, teknụzụ, usoro iwu, na atụmanya onwe onye.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Stevenson|first=Betsey|date=2024-09-01|title=Career and Family: Women's Century-Long Journey toward Equity|url=https://pubs.aeaweb.org/doi/pdfplus/10.1257/jel.62.3.1256.r3|journal=Journal of Economic Literature|language=en|volume=62|issue=3|pages=1259–1261|doi=10.1257/jel.62.3.1256.r3|issn=0022-0515}}</ref> ==== Ọrụ nke mgbanwe mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya na ọrụ ụmụ nwanyị ==== Isiokwu "The Power of the Pill: Oral Contraceptives and Women's Career and Marriage Decisions" (August 2002), nke Goldin na Lawrence F. Katz, gosipụtara otu ịnweta igbochi ọmụmụ si gbanwee ohere akụ na ụba ụmụ nwanyị. Ọgwụ ahụ na-enyere ụmụ nwanyị aka igbu oge ịlụ di na nwunye na ịmụ nwa, ma na-enye ha ohere itinye ego na agụmakwụkwọ na ọrụ dị elu, ya mere na-eduga n'inwekwu ndị ọrụ na ọganihu ọkachamara.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Goldin|first=Claudia|date=August 2002|title=The Power of the Pill: Oral Contraceptives and Women's Career and Marriage Decisions|url=https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/abs/10.1086/340778|journal=Journal of Political Economy|volume=110|issue=4|pages=730–770|doi=10.1086/340778|issn=0022-3808}}</ref> N'isiokwu "The Quiet Revolution That Transformed Women's Employment, Education, and Family" (May 2006), Goldin na-akọwa etu ịnweta igbochi ọmụmụ, ịgbanwe ọchịchọ, na iwu ebe ọrụ si mee ka ọtụtụ ụmụ nwanyị chụsoo ọrụ na agụmakwụkwọ dị elu. Nnyocha Goldin na-achọpụta mgbanwe atọ na ntinye aka nke ụmụ nwanyị na narị afọ nke 20, na-agwụcha ihe ọ na-akpọ "mgbanwe dị jụụ". N'oge mbụ, ụmụ nwanyị ole na ole lụrụ di na-arụ ọrụ, ọganihu akụ na ụba naanị ezughị iji mụbaa ntinye aka ha. Otú ọ dị, mgbanwe ọha na eze, dịka ọmụmaatụ ịrị elu nke "ọrụ dị mma" nke belatara echiche nke ụmụ nwanyị lụrụ di na-arụ ọrụ, melite ohere agụmakwụkwọ, na iwebata ọrụ nwa oge, jikwa nwayọọ nwayọọ mee ka ọrụ dịkwuo mma. Site na nke atọ, malite na 1960s, ụmụ agbọghọ malitere ịhazi ọrụ dịka nnweta nke ọgwụ mgbochi ọmụmụ, na-ahụ ịrị elu nke ịgba alụkwaghịm, na mgbanwe atụmanya mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya. Mgbanwe a dugara n'ịbawanye itinye ego na agụmakwụkwọ na ọrụ, ya mere o nyere aka n'ịgbanwe ọrụ ụmụ nwanyị na ahịa ọrụ, na-anọpụ iche na di ha.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Goldin|first=Claudia|date=May 2006|title=The Quiet Revolution That Transformed Women's Employment, Education, and Family|url=https://www.aeaweb.org/articles?id=10.1257/000282806777212350|journal=American Economic Review|language=en|volume=96|issue=2|pages=1–21|doi=10.1257/000282806777212350|issn=0002-8282}}</ref> === Ọrụ ndị ọzọ a ma ama === Goldin dere banyere [[Agha Obodo America]] na ịgba ohu. N'ụzọ dị ịrịba ama, ya na onye nwụrụ anwụ Frank Lewis, dere edemede "The Economic Cost of the American Civil War: Estimates and Implications" (1975)..<ref name="auto14">{{Cite journal|url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/journal-of-economic-history/article/abs/economic-cost-of-the-american-civil-war-estimates-and-implications/2722ABEE2FA74722D17AA9D40E552448|doi=10.1017/S0022050700075070|title=The Economic Cost of the American Civil War: Estimates and Implications|date=1975|author=Goldin|first=Claudia D.|journal=The Journal of Economic History|volume=35|issue=2|pages=299–326}}</ref><ref name="auto15">{{Cite journal|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/26235409.pdf|title=The American Civil War in Economic Perspective: Basic Questions and Some Answers|author=Coclanis|first=Peter A.|journal=Southern Cultures|date=October 15, 1996|volume=2|issue=2|pages=163–175|doi=10.1353/scu.1996.0000}}</ref>Ọzọkwa, na 1976 akwụkwọ ya Urban Slavery in the American South, 1820 ruo 1860: A Quantitative History e bipụtara.<ref name="auto12">{{Cite web|date=October 11, 2023|title=Claudia Goldin {{!}} Biography, Nobel Prize, & Facts {{!}} Britannica|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Claudia-Goldin|accessdate=October 11, 2023|work=www.britannica.com|language=en}}</ref> " The Homecoming of American College Women: The Reversal of the College Gender Gap" (2006), nke Goldin, Lawrence F. Katz, na Ilyana Kuziemko dere, nke e bipụtara na Journal of Economic Perspectives (20), na-enye nkọwa nke mmekọrịta ọha na eze n'azụ ọdịiche nwoke na nwanyị na ndebanye aha na kọleji site na 1930, nke ruru nhata na 1980s, n'ikpeazụ gbanwee.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Goldin|first=Claudia|date=December 2006|title=The Homecoming of American College Women: The Reversal of the College Gender Gap|url=https://www.aeaweb.org/articles?id=10.1257/jep.20.4.133|journal=Journal of Economic Perspectives|language=en|volume=20|issue=4|pages=133–156|doi=10.1257/jep.20.4.133|issn=0895-3309}}</ref> Goldin na Katz dere banyere mmekọrịta agụmakwụkwọ na ọganihu teknụzụ n'akwụkwọ The Race Between Education and Technology (2009). Akwụkwọ ahụ na-ekwu na mgbanwe teknụzụ, agụmakwụkwọ, na enweghị nhata etinyela aka n'ụdị agbụrụ. N'ime afọ iri asatọ mbụ nke narị afọ nke iri abụọ, mmụba nke ndị ọrụ gụrụ akwụkwọ dị elu karịa ihe achọrọ ha. Nke a nwere mmetụta nke ịkwalite ego maka ọtụtụ ndị mmadụ na ibelata ahaghị nhata. Otú ọ dị, ihe dị iche bụ eziokwu kemgbe ihe dị ka afọ 1980. Mbelata agụmakwụkwọ a na-esonyere enweghị nhata na-arịwanye elu. Ndị dere ya na-atụle ihe ndị dị mgbagwoju anya kpatara nke a, na ihe a ga-eme iji melite ya.<ref name="amzn">{{Cite book|title=The Race between Education and Technology|url=https://archive.org/details/racebetweeneduca0000gold|isbn=978-0674035300|author=Goldin|first=Claudia Dale|year=2009|publisher=Harvard University Press}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.hup.harvard.edu/books/9780674035300|title=The Race between Education and Technology}}</ref> A na-eto akwụkwọ a dị ka "nnukwu mmezu nke na-enye usoro dị n'otu maka ịkọwa otú ọchịchọ na ịnye ego mmadụ si kpụzie nkesa nke ego n'ahịa ọrụ US na narị afọ nke iri abụọ", [1] na Alan Krueger nke Mahadum Princeton kwuru na ọ "na-anọchite anya ihe kachasị mma nke ihe akụ na ụba nwere inye".<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Daron Acemoğlu|title=What Does Human Capital Do? A Review of Goldin and Katz's ''The Race between Education and Technology''|journal=[[Journal of Economic Literature]]|date=June 2012|volume=50|issue=2|pages=426–463|doi=10.1257/jel.50.2.426|url=http://economics.mit.edu/files/7490|archive-date=2014-12-22|access-date=2025-09-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141222233914/http://economics.mit.edu/files/7490|url-status=dead}}</ref> Claudia na Katz rụkọkwara ọrụ ọnụ n'ịkọwa uru nke agụmakwụkwọ kọleji n'ahịa ọrụ na akwụkwọ ha nke afọ 2016 "The Value of Postsecondary Credentials in the Labor Market: An Experimental Study".<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Deming|first=David J.|date=March 2016|title=The Value of Postsecondary Credentials in the Labor Market: An Experimental Study|journal=American Economic Review|language=en|volume=106|issue=3|pages=778–806|doi=10.1257/aer.20141757|issn=0002-8282}}</ref> Goldin arụwokwa ọrụ na isiokwu ndị ọzọ dị iche iche, gụnyere mmetụta nke inye mmiri dị ọcha na usoro nsị dị irè na ọnwụ ụmụ ọhụrụ, [1] na otú Japan na United States nwere ike isi belata nrụgide nke ịka nká. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Goldin|first=Claudia|date=2016|title=How Japan and the US Can Reduce the Stress of Aging, National Bureau of Economic Research Working Paper Series, Working Paper 22445|url=https://goldin.scholars.harvard.edu/sites/g/files/omnuum5966/files/goldin/files/goldin_how_japan_and_the_us.pdf|work=Harvard University website, Claudia Goldin publications page|publisher=|accessdate=February 28, 2025}}</ref> == Ndụ onwe onye == Goldin lụrụ onye prọfesọ akụ na ụba Harvard ibe ya Lawrence F. Katz. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.jta.org/2023/10/09/united-states/economics-nobel-awarded-to-claudia-goldin-for-work-on-women-in-the-labor-market|title=Economics Nobel awarded to Claudia Goldin for work on women in the labor market|first=Ron|author=Kampeas|date=October 9, 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/fandd/issues/2023/12/PIE-the-inequality-economist|title=The Inequality Economist|work=IMF}}</ref> O nwere Golden Retrievers malite na 1970, ma aha nke mbụ ya bụ Kelso. Pika, ya na di ya Golden Retriever onye nwụrụ na 2024, bụ ndị a ma ama maka ihe nrite ya na asọmpi ísì, a zụrụ ya maka asọmpi nrubeisi, ma bụrụkwa nkịta ọgwụgwọ n'ụlọ ebe a na-elekọta ndị agadi n'ógbè ahụ.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Pika the Golden Retriever|url=https://scholar.harvard.edu/goldin/pages/pika|accessdate=August 4, 2021|work=scholar.harvard.edu|language=en}}</ref> == Ihe nrite == * 1990, 2008, 2021: Ugboro atọ laureate nke Richard A. Lester Award maka akwụkwọ pụtara ìhè na mmekọrịta ụlọ ọrụ na akụ na ụba ọrụ <ref name="auto">{{Cite web|title=The Richard A. Lester Book Award|url=https://irs.princeton.edu/lester-award|work=The Richard A. Lester Book Award|publisher=Princeton University Industrial Relations Section}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=The Richard A. Lester Book Award|url=https://irs.princeton.edu/lester-award|accessdate=October 10, 2023|work=Industrial Relations Section|language=en}}</ref> * 1991: Allan Sharlin Memorial Book Award site na Social Science History Association <ref>{{Cite web|date=March 13, 2025|title=Allan Sharlin Memorial Book Award|url=https://ssha.org/awards/sharlin_award/}}</ref> * 2005: Carolyn Shaw Bell Award site na American Economic Association <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.aeaweb.org/content/file?id=453|title=Claudia Goldin Named the Recipient of the 2005 Carolyn Shaw Bell Award}}</ref> * 2008: R.R. Hawkins Award, The Professional and Scholarly Publishing Division nke Association of American Publishers <ref>{{Cite news|author=Glaser|first=Linda B.|title=Oct. 23 talk will show path to full gender equality {{!}} Cornell Chronicle|url=https://news.cornell.edu/stories/2014/10/oct-23-talk-will-show-path-full-gender-equality|work=Cornell Chronicle|date=October 15, 2014|language=en}}</ref> * 2009: Jacob Mincer Award site na Society of Labor Economists <ref name="Walker-2018">{{Cite news|author=Walker|first=Peter J.|title=Profile of Harvard Economist Claudia Goldin|work=IMF Finance & Development Magazine|url=https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/fandd/issues/2018/12/profile-of-harvard-economist-claudia-goldin|publisher=IMF|date=December 2018|language=en}}</ref> * 2009: Onyinye John R. Commons <ref>{{Cite journal|url=http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0569434520980962|title=The John R. Commons Award|date=March 17, 2021|journal=The American Economist|volume=66|issue=1|doi=10.1177/0569434520980962}}</ref> * 2016: IZA Prize na Labor Economics "maka ọrụ ya ogologo oge na akụkọ akụ na ụba nke ụmụ nwanyị na agụmakwụkwọ na ahịa ọrụ" * 2019: BBVA Foundation Frontiers in Knowledge Award na ngalaba nke Economics, Finance, and Management maka onyinye ya na nyocha ọdịiche nwoke na nwanyị <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2019-03/bf-tbf032619.php|title=The BBVA Foundation recognizes Claudia Goldin for pioneering analysis of the gender gap|date=March 26, 2019|work=EurekAlert!|language=en|accessdate=March 31, 2019|archivedate=March 31, 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190331050653/https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2019-03/bf-tbf032619.php}}</ref> * 2020: Clarivate Citation laureate na sayensị akụ na ụba * 2020: Erwin Plein Nemmers Prize na Economics * 2021: Society for Progress Medal <ref>{{Cite web|title=2021 Progress Medal laureates announcement|url=http://societyforprogress.org/press/2021-progress-medal-laureates-announcement.pdf|publisher=Society for Progress|date=October 3, 2021}}</ref> * 2022: Onyinye ọhụụ sitere na Council for Economic Education <ref>{{Cite web|title=2022 Visionary Awards Benefit Dinner|url=https://www.councilforeconed.org/2022-visionary-awards-benefit-dinner/|work=Council for Economic Education|date=May 7, 2022}}</ref> * 2023: Ihe nrite Sveriges Riksbank na sayensị akụ na ụba na Ncheta Alfred Nobel <ref name="auto2">{{Cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/claudia-goldin-wins-2023-nobel-economics-prize-2023-10-09/|title=Nobel economics prize goes to Claudia Goldin|first=Simon|author=Johnson|work=Reuters|date=October 9, 2023}}</ref> * 2023: A gụnyere ya na ndepụta 100 nke ụmụ nwanyị nke BBC <ref name="BBC">{{Cite web|date=November 23, 2023|title=BBC 100 Women 2023: Who is on the list this year?|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/resources/idt-02d9060e-15dc-426c-bfe0-86a6437e5234|accessdate=2023-11-24|work=BBC News|language=en-GB}}</ref> * 2023: E nyere ya ihe nrite Nobel Memorial Prize na sayensị akụ na ụba <ref name="auto13">{{Cite news|date=October 9, 2023|title=The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 2023|url=https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/economic-sciences/2023/summary/}}</ref> * 2024: Otu n'ime ụmụ nwanyị iri na abụọ gụnyere na ndepụta ụmụ nwanyị nke afọ nke magazin Time <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/international/us/greta-gerwig-among-2024-times-women-of-the-year-list/articleshow/107890652.cms?from=mdr|title=Greta Gerwig among 2024 Time's Women Of The Year list|work=The Economic Times|date=February 21, 2024}}</ref> * 2024: A họpụtara ya site na Miriam's Cup, nke site na 2024 kwa afọ "na-amata nwanyị Juu nke ihe ịga nke ọma".<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://miriamscup.com/honorees/|title=Honorees - Miriam's Cup|date=April 14, 2021}}</ref> == Ọrụ ndị a họọrọ == * Goldin, Claudia Dale ''Ịghọta ọdịiche dị n'etiti nwoke na nwanyị: Akụkọ akụ na ụba nke ụmụ nwanyị America''. New York: Oxford University Press, 1990, .  * Goldin, Claudia Dale et al. Strategic Factors in Nineteenth Century American Economic History: A Volume to Honor Robert W. Fogel. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1992, .  * Goldin, Claudia Dale na Gary D. Libecap. Usoro akụ na ụba a na-achịkwa: Ụzọ akụkọ ihe mere eme maka akụ na ụba ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1994, .  * Bordo, Michael D., Claudia Dale Goldin, na Eugene Nelson White. Oge Nkọwa: Oké Ndakpọ Akụ̀ na Ụba na Ụba America na narị afọ nke iri abụọ. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1998, .  * Glaeser, Edward L. na Claudia Dale Goldin. Nrụrụ aka na Mgbanwe: Ihe mmụta sitere na akụkọ ihe mere eme nke America. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2006, .  * Goldin, Claudia Dale na Lawrence F. Katz. ''Asọmpi dị n'etiti agụmakwụkwọ na teknụzụ''. Cambridge, Mass.: Belknap Press nke Harvard University Press, 2008, .  * Goldin, Claudia and Alsan, M. "Watersheds in Child Mortality: The Role of Effective Water and Sewerage Infrastructure, 1880 to 1920", Journal of Political Economy 127 (2, 2018), pp. 586-638&nbsp; * Goldin, Claudia na Lawrence F. Katz. Ụmụ nwanyị na-arụ ọrụ ogologo oge: Ọrụ na-abawanye na ndị agadi. Chicago: Mahadum nke Chicago Press, 2018. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/978-0-226-53250-9|<bdi>978-0-226-53250-9</bdi>]] &nbsp; * [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Ọrụ & Ezinụlọ: Njem ogologo oge nke ụmụ nwanyị na-aga n'ihu. Princeton, NJ Princeton University Press, 2021. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/978-0-691-20178-8|<bdi>978-0-691-20178-8</bdi>]] &nbsp; * "A Grand Gender Convergence: Its Last Chapter," American Economic Review 104 (April 2014), peeji nke 1091-119.&nbsp; == Echiche ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị == Na June 2024, ndị nrite Nobel iri na isii na akụ na ụba, gụnyere Goldin, bịanyere aka n'akwụkwọ ozi na-ekwu na iwu ego na azụmahịa nke [[Donald Trump]] tinyere mbọ iji belata nnwere onwe nke Federal Reserve ga-eme ka ọnụ ahịa na United States. <ref>{{Cite news|author=Nichols|first=Hans|date=June 25, 2024|title=Scoop: 16 Nobel economists see a Trump inflation bomb|url=https://www.axios.com/2024/06/25/nobel-prize-winners-biden-economy-trump-inflation|accessdate=June 26, 2024|work=Axios|publisher=Cox Enterprises}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|author=Picciotto|first=Rebecca|date=June 25, 2024|title=Sixteen Nobel Prize-winning economists warn a second Trump term would 'reignite' inflation|url=https://www.cnbc.com/2024/06/25/nobel-prize-economists-warn-trump-inflation.html|accessdate=June 26, 2024|publisher=CNBC}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=Picchi|first=Aimee|date=June 25, 2024|title=16 Nobel Prize-winning economists warn that Trump's economic plans could reignite inflation|url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/trump-economy-nobel-prize-winners-letter-inflation-warning/|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240709175720/https://www.cbsnews.com/news/trump-economy-nobel-prize-winners-letter-inflation-warning/|archivedate=July 9, 2024|accessdate=July 12, 2024|work=www.cbsnews.com|language=en-US|quote=Trump's policies could prove to be inflationary, other economists also warned, such as his proposal to create a 10% across-the-board tariff on all imports to deporting immigrants. The tariff plan would add $1,700 in annual costs for the typical U.S. household, essentially acting as an inflationary tax, according to experts at the Peterson Institute for International Economics.}}</ref> Na 2025, Goldin kwuru na ọ na-eche banyere nchịkwa Donald Trump na-ewepụ ma na-eji data gọọmentị eme ihe n'ụzọ na-ezighị ezi.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2025/2/19/claudia-goldin-iop-forum/|title=Nobel Laureate Claudia Goldin Warns of Federal Data Misuse at IOP Forum &#124; News &#124; The Harvard Crimson|work=www.thecrimson.com}}</ref> == Hụkwa == * Ndepụta nke ndị Juu nwetara nrite Nobel == Edensibia == {{s-start}} {{s-aca}} {{s-bef|before=[[Christopher A. Sims]]}} {{s-ttl|title=President of the [[American Economic Association]]|years=2013–2014}} {{s-aft|after=[[William Nordhaus]]}} {{s-end}} == Njikọ mpụga == * [http://scholar.harvard.edu/goldin/publications Akwụkwọ agụmakwụkwọ] nke Claudia Goldin. * AppearancesnaC-SPAN * [https://scholar.harvard.edu/sites/scholar.harvard.edu/files/goldin/files/cgcv2023.pdf Claudia Goldin Curriculum vitae (PDF)] * Claudia Goldinna Nobelprize.org ** [https://www.nobelprize.org/uploads/2023/10/advanced-economicsciencesprize2023.pdf Nzọụkwụ sayensị maka ihe nrite Nobel na Economics (PDF)] ** [https://www.nobelprize.org/uploads/2023/10/popular-economicsciencesprize2023.pdf Nkwado sayensị maka ihe nrite Nobel na Economics (ụdị a ma ama) (PDF)] * [http://www.minneapolisfed.org/publications_papers/pub_display.cfm?id=3316 Ajụjụ ọnụ] Goldin site na The Region of the Minneapolis Fed * The Economist as Detective, edemede dị mkpirikpi nke Claudia Goldin. Na: M. Szenberg (ed.). ''Mmasị na Ọrụ: Ndị na-ahụ maka akụ na ụba na-arụ ọrụ''. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1998, .  * Works by or about Claudia GoldinnaEbe Ndebe Ihe Ochie n'Intanet {{DEFAULTSORT:Goldin, Claudia}} [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Otú:Pages with unreviewed translations]] d7yqmj63qyuy58jjtog0374h8a87533 0 65712 727504 540246 2026-09-24T04:11:08Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727504 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faịlụ:BruceKershner.jpg|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|Bruce Kershner na Buckhorn Island State ParkOgige Ntụrụndụ Buckhorn Island]] '''Bruce S. Kershner (Eprel 17, 1950 - Febụwarị 16, 2007) bụ onye na-ahụ maka gburugburu ebe obibi, onye ode akwụkwọ, onye nkuzi bayoloji ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị na ọkachamara n'ihe gbasara oke ọhịa.''' Dị ka nwatakịrị ọ biri na Staten Island. Bruce Kershner nwetara nzere na Mahadum Binghamton na Mahadim Connecticut. N'oge na-adịbeghị anya, ya na nwunye ya Helene biri na Amherst. Ọ kụziri ihe ọmụmụ ihe ọmụmụ nke ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị na John F. Kennedy High School na Cheektowaga, NY ruo n'afọ 2005 ebe o guzobere Environmental Club, na-ekpughe ọtụtụ n'ime ụmụ akwụkwọ ya na oké ọhịa ochie ọ na-eche banyere ya. Ọ bụ onye ama ama ochie na-eto eto, [1] ma chọpụtaghachila ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ọhịa 300 na-eto eto na Eastern North America na mbụ chere na ọ furu efu.[2]  Ndị a gụnyere ọhịa osisi siri ike nke abụọ kachasị elu na Eastern North America, na mpụga ndịda Appalachians,oké ọhịa kachasị ochie na New York State, na nnukwu mkpokọta nke uto ochie (ụzọ Osimiri Niagara). Kershner ebipụtala akwụkwọ iri na abụọ gụnyere Sierra Club Guide to Ancient Forests of the Northeast and Secret Places: Scenic Treasures of Western New York and Southern Ontario . Bruce Kershner emeriela ọtụtụ ihe nrite maka mmemme gburugburu ebe obibi ya.  Ndị a gụnyere 'Environmentalist of the Year' na 1987 na 1988 sitere na Sierra Club (Niagara Group) na Adirondack Mountain Club, na 'Environmentalist of the Year in New York State' na 1996 site na ndị na-akwado gburugburu ebe obibi nke New York.[1]  Bruce Kershner na-eje ozi dị ka onye isi oche nchekwa maka Buffalo Audubon Society . Bruce Kershner duziri ọtụtụ ọmụmụ gburugburu ebe obibi. Ndị a gụnyere ọmụmụ nke Reinstein Woods Nature Preserve, Zoar Valley, Staten Island, Allegany State Park, na Niagara Gorge. Ọ na-arụ ọrụ na nyocha maka usoro iwu metụtara Kortright Hills Community Association na Guelph, Ontario. Kershner nwụrụ na Febụwarị 2007, mgbe ọ lụchara ọgụ megide Ọrịa kansa akpịrị ruo otu afọ na ọkara. Site na Septemba 4, 2008, Gọvanọ steeti New York David Patterson bịanyere aka n'akwụkwọ iwu Bruce S. Kershner Old-growth Forest Preservation and Protection Act, [1] mmeghari maka iwu gburugburu ebe obibi dị ugbu a nke na-egosipụta nke mbụ na nkọwa mba nke Old Growth Forest, na-amanye nchebe na-enweghị ngwụcha na ala steeti ma na-akwado inweta afọ ojuju na ala onwe. Kemgbe ọ dịkarịa ala afọ 2009, Niagara Group nke Sierra Club [http://niagarasierraclub.com/] enyewo Bruce Kershner Award kwa afọ nye otu onye ma ọ bụ ndị mmadụ n'otu n'otu maka ọrụ ha na gburugburu ebe obibi. E mere ihe nrite ahụ "iji sọpụrụ onye nọgidere na-alụ ọgụ n'akwụsịghị akwụsị maka nsogbu gburugburu ebe obibi n'ụzọ Kershner lụrụ ọgụ maka oké ọhịa ochie". Ndị natara ya gụnyere:[http://renewnrg.blogspot.com/2013/05/sierra-club-niagara-group-announces.html] * 2016—Paul Dyster, Thomas DeSantis, and Bob Baxter for "their work on the restoration of the magnificent Niagara Gorge and the removal of the Robert Moses Parkway." [https://web.archive.org/web/20190401212704/https://niagarasierraclub.com/upcoming-events/recent-happenings/][https://web.archive.org/web/20180511043144/https://wnymedia.net/2016/10/president-of-national-sierra-club-will-speak-at-local-sierra-club-awards-dinner/][http://www.niagara-gazette.com/opinion/city-desk-worthy-of-the-recognition/article_d1aed0a2-9435-11e6-8fde-bf971f49a71e.html] * 2015—Charley Bowman for "Leadership in working with many climate change issues and his concerns for justice and peace being central to the mission of climate justice." [http://buffalonews.com/2015/05/01/sierra-club-recognizes-award-recipients-for-their-environmental-efforts/] * 2014—Jay Burney for "Leadership in preserving the natural heritage of our region especially for his work on Times Beach Nature Preserve." [https://web.archive.org/web/20161221092316/https://niagarasierraclub.com/2014/05/05/1493/] * 2013—Dr. David Kowalski for "his ongoing and evidence-based critique of the proposed deep horizontal hydrofracking" [http://renewnrg.blogspot.com/2013/05/sierra-club-niagara-group-announces.html] and for "creat[ing] Re-energize Buffalo a website dedicated to the viability of renewable energy, a clean environment, and preserving public health"  [usurped] * 2012—Walter & Nan Simpson for their work in supporting renewable and clean energy [https://web.archive.org/web/20221029194743/https://niagarasierraclub.files.wordpress.com/2011/03/trailblazerjuly2012.pdf] * 2011—Bill Nowak for "promoting green jobs and renewable energy and for his service to New York as former legislative aide" [http://renewnrg.blogspot.com/2011/05/annual-awards-dinner-sierra-club.html] * 2010—Margaret Wooster for her work as an "author and [as] former Executive Director of Great Lakes United" [https://web.archive.org/web/20100528060145/http://www.daemen.edu/offices/academicaffairs/econews/Documents/news-apr10.pdf] * 2009—Daniel Ward for his service on the Town of Amherst Board [https://web.archive.org/web/20130610231449/http://newyork.sierraclub.org/Sierra%20Atlantic/SierraAtlantic-2009-Summer.pdf] == Bibliography (ahọrọ) == * Ọzara Backyard nke Buffalo: Nnyocha gburugburu ebe obibi nke Dr. Victor Reinstein Woods State Nature Preserve (1993) [https://web.archive.org/web/20070102154137/http://www.wnyheritagepress.org/store/backyard_wild.htm] * Ebe Nzuzo nke Western New York (1994) [http://search.barnesandnoble.com/booksearch/isbnInquiry.asp?z=y&isbn=0840391234] * Ebe Nzuzo nke Staten Island (1998) [http://search.barnesandnoble.com/booksearch/isbnInquiry.asp?z=y&isbn=0787248916] * Cascades, Cataracts, na Chasms: A Guide to the Waterfalls of Western New York and Nearby Ontario (1998) * Ntuziaka maka Ọhịa Ochie nke Zoar Valley Canyon (2000) [https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/44584996] * The Sierra Club Guide to the Ancient Forests of the Northeast (2004) [https://secure.sierraclub.org/site/Ecommerce/2086296008?VIEW_PRODUCT=true&product_id=3141][https://www.amazon.com/Sierra-Guide-Ancient-Forests-Northeast/dp/1578050669] == Edensibia == * Obituary, Buffalo News, 18 Febụwarị 07. ; Nkọwa <references /> == Njikọ mpụga == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20060518121249/http://ens.alfred.edu/seminardescrip.htm Akụkọ ndụ sitere na Alfred University Seminar Series] * [https://www.nytimes.com/2000/11/10/living/10TREE.html NYTimes Nzukọ na nnukwu osisi abụọ''Ịhụ Osisi Ukwu Abụọ''] * [https://www.nytimes.com/2005/03/25/nyregion/a-high-schools-teams-challenge-the-mighty-oaks.html NYTimes A High School's Teams Challenge The Mighty Oaks''Ndị otu ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị na-ama The Mighty Oaks aka''] * [http://www.buffaloaudubon.org/ Òtù Buffalo Audubon] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20050802090531/http://www.uark.edu/misc/ents/galleries/people/rogues_gallery.htm Rogues Gallery nke ndị otu ENTS] * https://web.archive.org/web/20081127135620/http://newyork.sierraclub.org/niagara/brucekershner.html * [https://web.archive.org/web/20160307142844/http://www.newsday.com/long-island/li-life/li-moment-monday-11-05-a-m-fire-island-enthusiasm-rarely-seen-in-this-neck-of-the-woods-1.787190 Ịnụ ọkụ n'obi nke Newsday A Na-ahụkarị n'olu a nke ọhịa - LI Moment Column''Ịnụ ọkụ n'obi A Na-ahụkarị n'Olu Ọhịa - LI Moment Column''] 4zqg7o3mpd7gokd023lakkxluo4y7oc 0 65732 727416 541410 2026-09-23T14:52:42Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727416 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Anne Catherine Hof Blinks''' (1903-1995 <ref name="Harvard" />{ bụ onye America na-amụ banyere ihe ọkụkụ na akwa. Blinks rụrụ ọrụ na ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri Hopkins nke Mahadum Stanford na Harvard University Herbaria ebe ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ na curated algae.<ref name="Harvard">{{Cite web|url=http://kiki.huh.harvard.edu/databases/botanist_search.php?id=77371|title=Harvard University Herbaria - Index of Botanists - Blinks, Anne Catherine Hof|work=[[Harvard University Herbaria]]|publisher=[[Harvard University]]|accessdate=8 August 2014}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[http://kiki.huh.harvard.edu/databases/botanist_search.php?id=77371 "Harvard University Herbaria - Index of Botanists - Blinks, Anne Catherine Hof"]. ''[[Harvard University Herbaria]]''. [[Harvard University]]<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 August</span> 2014</span>.</cite></ref>Ụdị ndị ọ kọwara gụnyere Derbesia osterhoutii (L.R.Blinks & A.C.H.Blinks) J.Z.Page si Great Sound, Bermuda, dị ka Halicystis osterhoutii L.R.Blinks & A.C.H.Blinks.<ref name="JPhycPage1970">{{Cite journal|author=Page|first=J. Z.|title=Existence of a Derbesia phase in the life-history of ''Halicystis osterhoutii'' Blinks and Blinks.|journal=Journal of Phycology|date=1970|volume=6|pages=375–380}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Derbesia osterhoutii (L.R.Blinks & A.C.H.Blinks) J.Z.Page 1970|url=https://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=11532|work=AlgaeBase|accessdate=11 August 2021}}</ref> Blinks was also known for her work on historic and pre-historical textiles. For over 45 years, she studied, wrote about, collected and created unusual textiles, traveling widely. She amassed a large collection, which later became the basis for a teaching collection.<ref name="Collection" /><ref name="CuriousMindFestschrift83" /> Her work in textiles was acknowledged with the publication of the Festschrift ''In Celebration of the Curious Mind: A Festschrift to Honor Anne Blinks on Her 80th Birthday'' (1983) == Ndụ onwe onye == Anne Hof na Lawrence Rogers Blinks (1900-1989) lụrụ na 1928. <ref name="Briggs">{{Cite web|author=Briggs|first=Winslow|title=MEMORIAL RESOLUTION LAWRENCE R. BLINKS (1900 – 1989)|url=https://web.stanford.edu/group/seaside/memorials/BlinksL.pdf|work=Stanford University|date=1989|accessdate=11 August 2021}}</ref> Ọ ghọrọ prọfesọ nke ihe ndị dị ndụ na Stanford na onye nduzi nke Stanford's Hopkins Marine Station na Pacific Grove site na 1943 ruo 1965.<ref name="Abbott">{{Cite book|author=Abbott|first=Isabella A.|title=Lawrence R. Blinks Stanford University April 22, 1900 - March 4, 1989 : A biographical memoir|date=2010|publisher=National Academy of Sciences|location=Washington, D.C.|pages=7–9|url=http://www.nasonline.org/publications/biographical-memoirs/memoir-pdfs/blinks-lawrence-r.pdf|accessdate=11 August 2021|archive-date=August 11, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210811031924/http://www.nasonline.org/publications/biographical-memoirs/memoir-pdfs/blinks-lawrence-r.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ha nwere nwa, John Rogers Blinks . <ref name="son_obit">{{Cite web|url=https://www.legacy.com/us/obituaries/montereyherald/name/john-blinks-obituary?pid=157881680|title=John Rogers Blinks (Obituary)|accessdate=10 August 2021}}</ref> == Ọrụ botany == Blinks debanyere aha na Radcliffe College, onye mmekọ ụmụ nwanyị na Mahadum Harvard mgbe ahụ-ndị nwoke niile, na-amụ bayoloji mmiri na Farlow Herbarium. Mgbe ọ lụchara Lawrence Blinks, ọ sooro ya gaa na ụlọ nyocha Bermuda Biological Laboratory. N'ebe ahụ, ha chọpụtara ụdị Halicystis nke ha kpọrọ aha maka Winthrop Osterhout, Halicystis osterhoutii.<ref name="Abbott" /> Blinks rụrụ ọrụ na Hopkins Marine Station nke Mahadum Stanford na Mahadum Harvard Herbaria na-amụ ma na-edozi algae.<ref name="Harvard"/> E guzobere Anne Hof Blinks Fellowship na Marine Biology na Mahadum Washington na ncheta ya iji kwado ụmụ akwụkwọ si ebe dị iche iche.<ref name="AHB_Fellowship" /> Ọ bụzi akụkụ nke mmemme Blinks-REU nke mahadum nke ahụmịhe nyocha na ọzụzụ. <ref name="Labs">{{Cite web|title=UW-Friday Harbor Labs|url=https://uwsfr.wordpress.com/2015/02/06/uw-friday-harbor-labs/|work=UW School of Environmental and Forest Sciences|accessdate=11 August 2021|date=February 6, 2015}}</ref> == Ọrụ akwa == A makwaara Blinks maka ọrụ ya na akwa akụkọ ihe mere eme na nke akụkọ ihe mere mere eme. O lekwasịrị anya na "uwe zuru ezu", na-amụ eriri, ihe na-acha odo odo, ngwá ọrụ, na usoro eji emepụta akwa.<ref name="Collection">{{Cite web|author=Roberts|first=Nora|title=Anne Blinks Textile Study Collection - About|url=http://www.santacruzhandweavers.org/anneblinks/aboutcollec.html|publisher=Santa Cruz Handweavers Guild|date=2002|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20030405124125/http://www.santacruzhandweavers.org/anneblinks/aboutcollec.html|archivedate=5 April 2003|accessdate=15 September 2025}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFRoberts2002">Roberts, Nora (2002). . Santa Cruz Handweavers Guild. Archived from on 5 April 2003.</cite></ref><ref name="CuriousMindFestschrift83">{{Cite book|author=Rogers|first=Nora|title=In Celebration of the Curious Mind: A Festschrift to Honor Anne Blinks on Her 80th Birthday|date=1983|publisher=Interweave Press|isbn=0934026114}}<cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFRogersStanley1983">Rogers, Nora; Stanley, Martha (1983). ''In Celebration of the Curious Mind: A Festschrift to Honor Anne Blinks on Her 80th Birthday''. Interweave Press. [[ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/0934026114|<bdi>0934026114</bdi>]].</cite></ref> Blinks weere usoro nnwale nke nkà mmụta ihe ochie site n'ịgbalị usoro oge ochie nke nkwadebe eriri na usoro ịkpa ákwà. A na-eto ya maka ịchọpụta na ịkwalite usoro dịka "overspin" ma ọ bụ "ịkwụsị", nke a na-agbanye eriri ahụ ka ọ "na-agagharị n'onwe ya".<ref name="Elliott" /><ref name="Totten">{{Cite web|author=Totten|first=Dianne|title=Texturize Your Weaving|date=January 5, 2016|url=https://handwovenmagazine.com/texturize-your-weaving/|work=Handwoven|accessdate=11 August 2021}}</ref> Onye na-ese eriri bụ Lillian Elliott ejirila usoro a mee ihe.<ref name="Elliott" /> Blinks mụrụ, chịkọta ma mepụta akwa pụrụ iche, na-anakọta nnukwu nchịkọta n'etiti 1949 na 1995. Nke a ghọrọ ihe ndabere nke nchịkọta nkuzi nke ndị otu Santa Cruz Handweavers' Guild <ref name="Collection"/> (mgbe e mesịrị Santa Cruz Textile Arts Guild) gbakọtara. <ref>{{Cite web|title=WHO IS THE SANTA CRUZ TEXTILE ARTS GUILD?|url=https://www.sctextileartsguild.org/who-we-are|work=The Santa Cruz Textile Arts Guild (SCTAG)|accessdate=10 August 2021|archivedate=11 August 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210811000928/https://www.sctextileartsguild.org/who-we-are}}</ref> O nwere mmasị karịsịa na akwa South America. N'etiti ndị ọ gụrụ bụ ndị India Andes, na-eleta Santiago, Chile, <ref name="Abbott" /> na Ndị India Mayoruna nke [[Peru]]. <ref name="Waddington">{{Cite web|author=Waddington|first=Laverne|title=Backstrap Weaving – Little Things, Big Smiles|url=https://backstrapweaving.wordpress.com/2012/06/15/backstrap-weaving-little-things-big-smiles/|work=Backstrap Weaving|date=June 15, 2012|accessdate=11 August 2021}}</ref> Ọ gakwara, mụọ ma dee banyere mmepụta nke akwa na Thailand, na-akọwa ojiji nke ihe mgbakwunye dị mgbagwoju anya nke ihe ruru 300 ọzọ a na-eji emepụta akwa eze.<ref name="Lefferts">{{Cite journal|author=Lefferts|first=H. Leedom Jr.|title=The Kings As Gods: Textiles In The Thai State|journal=Textile Society of America Symposium Proceedings|date=1988|pages=644-|url=https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/tsaconf/|accessdate=11 August 2021}}</ref> Blinks na-arụsi ọrụ ike n'ịmụ mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa nke atụrụ, na ịzụlite maka njirimara ajị anụ<ref name="AHB_Fellowship">{{Cite web|author=Morse|first=Trish|title=Anne Hof Blinks Fellowship Endowment|url=http://depts.washington.edu/fhl/enews/autumn2012/ahblinks.html|work=Friday Harbor Labs|publisher=University of Washington|accessdate=24 February 2020}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFMorse">Morse, Trish. [http://depts.washington.edu/fhl/enews/autumn2012/ahblinks.html "Anne Hof Blinks Fellowship Endowment"]. ''Friday Harbor Labs''. University of Washington<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 February</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> dịka ajị anụ na-acha nchara nchara nke o ji mee ihe na akwa ya. Ọ zụlitere atụrụ n'ụlọ ya na Jack's Peak, 522 Loma Alta Road, Carmel, California.<ref name="Abbott" /><ref name="Peak">{{Cite web|title=RICHARD JOSEF NEUTRA (1892-1970)|url=https://usmodernist.org/neutra.htm|work=US Modernist Architecture|accessdate=11 August 2021}}</ref> Ọtụtụ afọ ọ rụrụ ọrụ na ọmụmụ ihe, omume na nkuzi nke textiles nabatara akwụkwọ nke Festschrift In Celebration of the Curious Mind: A Festschrift to Honor Anne Blinks na ụbọchị ọmụmụ 80th ya (1983).<ref name="CuriousMindFestschrift83"/><ref name="Elliott">{{Cite web|title=Lillian Elliott ARTIST, INSTRUCTOR, AND INNOVATOR IN FIBER ARTS|url=https://digitalassets.lib.berkeley.edu/rohoia/ucb/text/artistinstructelliott00lillrich.pdf|work=|pages=82–83|publisher=The Bancroft Library|accessdate=11 August 2021}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://digitalassets.lib.berkeley.edu/rohoia/ucb/text/artistinstructelliott00lillrich.pdf "Lillian Elliott ARTIST, INSTRUCTOR, AND INNOVATOR IN FIBER ARTS"] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. The Bancroft Library. pp.&nbsp;<span class="nowrap">82–</span>83<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 August</span> 2021</span>.</cite></ref> == Edemsibia == {{Reflist}} == Ịgụ ihe ọzọ == * {{Cite book|author=Elliott|first=Lillian|title=In Celebration of the Curious Mind: A Festschrift to Honor Anne Blinks on Her 80th Birthday|editor=Nora Rogers|chapter=Thinking of Anne|publisher=Interweave Press|date=1983|isbn=978-0-934026-11-6|oclc=611958642}} * {{Cite web|author=Roberts|first=Nora|title=Anne Blinks Textile Study Collection|url=http://www.santacruzhandweavers.org/anneblinks/abtsc.html|publisher=Santa Cruz Handweavers Guild|date=2002|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20030424222047/http://www.santacruzhandweavers.org/anneblinks/abtsc.html|archivedate=24 April 2003}} * {{Cite web|author=Roberts|first=Nora|title=Anne Blinks Textile Study Collection - About|url=http://www.santacruzhandweavers.org/anneblinks/aboutcollec.html|publisher=Santa Cruz Handweavers Guild|date=2002|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20030405124125/http://www.santacruzhandweavers.org/anneblinks/aboutcollec.html|archivedate=5 April 2003}} *   {{Authority control}} [[Otú:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 5w31mthcm9vcqg7g532wskt9daaecng 0 65752 727491 452693 2026-09-24T03:30:39Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727491 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Bonnie Carolyn Templeton'''(October 23, 1906 - Jenuarị 29, 2002) bụ onye ọka mmụta ihe ọkụkụ America. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye na-ahụ maka botany maka Natural History Museum nke Los Angeles County site na 1929 ruo 1970, oge ụmụ nwanyị na sayensị na-adịkarịghị. == Ọmụmụ na Ntorobịa == A mụrụ ya na Newman Grove, Nebraska na Ọktoba 23, 1906, wee sụọ ngọngọ n'ọrụ ya site na ohere. Na 1922, mgbe ọ dị afọ 16, ọ kwagara Los Angeles, bụ ebe o debanyere aha na ụlọ ọrụ na-ahụ maka ọrụ ma rụọ ọrụ dị iche iche. N'ime ndị a, e zigara ya ka ọ nyere onye na-amu amu botanist aka ịhazi na n'ịkwalite nnukwu mkpokọta osisi a mịrị amị. Templeton siri n'ọrụ ahụ pụọ n'ọchịchọ ọhụrụ enwetara maka botany. == Ọrụ mmalite == She proved a quick study, becoming Assistant Botanist at the California Botanic Garden in Los Angeles in 1928. In 1929, she was named Curator of Botany at the County Museum of Natural History. In 1932, while collecting plants in the El Segundo sand dunes,[https://web.archive.org/web/20110727011736/http://www.lacoastalprairie.org/pdf/Restorable_Fragments_of_El_Segundo_Dunes.pdf] she discovered a possible new species, a rare parasitic plant she named ''[[Pholisma paniculatum]]''. Her designation of the plant as a new species proved controversial and has not been generally accepted. Later development of the dunes led to fears the plant had become extinct from destruction of its habitat. However, in the mid-1980s the area was restored as a preserve for the endangered El Segundo Blue Butterfly  [usurped], and a survey rediscovered the plant still on the dunes. In November 1938 she married Charles Steinhoff, a member of the Los Angeles Police Department, from whom she was taking flying lessons. While flying to Yuma for the ceremony, their plane developed engine trouble and they were forced to set down in the sand dunes near Palm Springs, wrecking the plane. Undeterred, they procured another plane in Palm Springs and flew on to Yuma to be married. Mgbe ọ na-arụ ọrụ oge niile na ebe ngosi ihe mgbe ochie, Templeton gara klas n'abalị, nweta nzere bachelọ ya na botany na 1941 na Mahadum nke Southern California. Nke a sochiri nzere masta ya na 1947, na-ede thesis ya na A Morphological Comparison of Pholoisma Arenarium Nutt, na Pholisma Paniculatum Templeton. N'October 17, 1942, Templeton lụrụ nke ugboro abụọ, Chester D. Weiche. Alụmdi na nwunye a dịgidere ruo mgbe ọ nwụrụ. == Ọrụ ya mgbe e mesịrị == Ihe nchọpụta kachasị amasị Templeton bụ paleobotany na paleoclimatology.O nwetara akara ugo mmụta doctorate na 1964 site na Mahadum Oregon State, na-ede akwụkwọ akụkọ na mkpụrụ osisi na mkpụrụ nke Rancho La Brea Pleistocene Deposits, dabere na nyocha ya na olulu Rancho La Brea tar. Ndị na-egwupụta ihe n'olulu tar dị ná mmalite narị afọ gara aga tụfuru ọtụtụ ihe ọkụkụ ndị ha chọtara, bụ́ ndị nwere mmasị karịsịa n'ọkpụkpụ. Ma Templeton chọtara ndekọ, foto, na ihe atụ nke ogwe osisi, cones, na alaka sitere n'olulu ahụ, wee nwetaghachi mkpụrụ osisi na akụkụ osisi ndị ọzọ na tar fọdụrụ n'ime okpokoro anụ ọhịa, oghere nke ọkpụkpụ, na ọbụna ozu ebe site na olulu tar. Nke a gụnyere mkpụrụ nke ọtụtụ osisi ndị na-adịghịzi eto na Southern California n'ihi na ọ kpọrọ nkụ, na-egosi mgbanwe ihu igwe. Ọrụ ya gosipụtara na ihu igwe na ala nke Southern California n'Oge Pleistocene adịghị ọkụ ma kpọọ nkụ karịa nke taa, dịka ekwere na mbụ dabere na fossils anụmanụ, mana ọ dị jụụ ma na-ede mmiri, yana ala nwere ala ahịhịa, marshes, obere iyi, na ọhịa. == Ihe ndị ọ rụzuru == Templeton malitere ọrụ ya n'oge e nwere ụmụ nwanyị ole na ole na sayensị, ọtụtụ mmemme ndị gụsịrị akwụkwọ jụrụ ịnabata ụmụ nwanyị. N'ajụjụ ọnụ 1993 ''Los Angeles Times'', ọ chetara na onye isi nke ngalaba ihe ndị dị ndụ na USC jụrụ ịnabata ya na mmemme doctoral, na-agwa ya na ọ dịghị nwanyị ga-enweta doctorate na botany mgbe ọ nọ ebe ahụ. N'ihi ya, ọ chụpụrụ Ph.D. ya na Mahadum Steeti Oregon. Tinyere ịrụ ọrụ dị ka onye nlekọta nke ihe ọkụkụ na County Museum of Natural History, Templeton jere ozi dị ka onye na-ahụ maka ihe ọkụkụ maka Ngalaba Ndị Uwe Ojii Los Angeles, na-enye ndụmọdụ maka ogbugbu Virginia Brooks na 1931 na ikpe Louise Springer na 1949, na ntọrọ Baxter Shorter na 1953. Ọ na-ekwu okwu ihu ọha banyere Okooko osisi ọhịa California, osisi ndị dị n'ọzara, osisi ndị na-egbu egbu, na ịkọ ubi, haziri ihe ngosi osisi na ebe ngosi ihe mgbe ochie, ma bụrụ onye otu American Association of University Women. Ọ hapụrụ ebe ngosi ihe mgbe ochie na 1970 mgbe afọ iri anọ na otu gachara. N'ịgba ezumike nká, o guzobere California Botanical Science Service, ụlọ ọrụ ndụmọdụ onwe onye na Glendale, nke ọ na-arụ ọrụ afọ 20 ọzọ. == Ọnwụ == Templeton nwụrụ site na nkụchi obi na nkụda mmụọ na Jenụwarị 29, 2002, mgbe ọ dị afọ 95. Ọ hapụrụ onyinye na Mahadum Steeti Oregon iji kwado nyocha na mmezi nke Ngalaba Botany na Plant Pathology. E guzobere Dr. Bonnie C. Templeton Annual Lecture na Oregon State na ncheta ya. [https://web.archive.org/web/20130403155135/http://www.science.oregonstate.edu/bpp/bonnie_templeton_endowment.htm] == Akwụkwọ ndị a họọrọ == * [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] "Ụzọ nke ichekwa Cacti maka iji Herbarium eme ihe". Desert, March, p. 127. * Templeton, BC (1938). "A new species of Pholisma". Bulletin of the Southern California Academy of Sciences, mpịakọta. 37, peeji nke 98-100.&nbsp; * [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] "Nomen conservandum aro maka ụdị Aromia na Compositae." Bulletin of the Southern California Academy of Sciences, mpịakọta. 95, peeji nke 37-55.&nbsp; * Templeton, Bonnie C. (1947). ''Ntụnyere ọdịdị nke Pholoisma arenarium Nutt. na Pholisma paniculatum Templeton''. Thesis (M.S.), Mahadum nke Southern California. * [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] "Nnyocha nke osisi Pleistocene nke California. " Akụkọ nyocha, Mahadum nke Southern California. * [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Ihe ndekọ ọhụrụ nke Pine Cone maka oge Miocene. Bulletin of the Southern California Academy of Sciences, mpịakọta. [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] 2, peeji nke 64-66.&nbsp; * Templeton BC (1962). Ntụnyere ọdịdị nke Pholisma arenarium Nuttall na Pholisma paniculatum Templeton (Lennoaceae) Contrib. Sci. Los Angeles County Mus. [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] * [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Mkpụrụ osisi na mkpụrụ nke Rancho La Brea Pleistocene. Thesis (Ph. D.), Mahadum steeti Oregon. == Edemsibia == {{Reflist}} suq77gwgz01t4zwz4b6nba7wuyttou6 0 71853 727403 686987 2026-09-23T13:42:38Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727403 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faịlụ:Andre Keyser00.jpg|thumb|Andre Keyser]] '''André Werner Keyser''' (8 Machị 1938, Pretoria - 15 Ọgọst 2010, Pretoria), bụ ọkachamara n'ihe gbasara ọdịdị ala na ala nke mba Saụt Afrịka, onye a ma ama maka nchọpụta ya nke ebe obibi ndị Drimolen na ọtụtụ ihe fọdụrụ n'ime ha. N'afọ 1994, ọ chọpụtara okpokoro isi nwanyị ''Paranthropus robustus'', nke a na-akpọ ''Eurydice'', <ref>{{Cite book|author=Frisancho|first=Roberto|title=Humankind Evolving: An Exploration of the Origins of Human Diversity|date=2006|publisher=Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company|isbn=978-0757514081}}</ref> okpokoro okpokoro Australopithecine zuru oke e gwupụtara. N'afọ 1997, ọ hụrụ okpokoro isi ụmụaka abụọ dị ihe dị ka nde afọ 1.5 ruo 2. Ụmụaka ndị ahụ erubeghị afọ atọ mgbe ha nwụrụ, a hụkwara ha n'ebe Drimolen dị nso n'ọgba Sterkfontein. <ref>{{Cite book|author=Frisancho|first=Roberto|title=Humankind Evolving: An Exploration of the Origins of Human Diversity|date=2006|publisher=Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company|isbn=978-0757514081}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.archaeology.org/0007/newsbriefs/skull.html|title=Sexy Skull Find - Archaeology Magazine Archive|work=archaeology.org|access-date=2025-12-09|archive-date=2012-11-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121118232853/http://www.archaeology.org/0007/newsbriefs/skull.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=Human bones of tots date back 2 million years|url=http://www.trussel.com/prehist/news48.htm|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20010219070506/http://trussel.com:80/prehist/news48.htm|archivedate=2001-02-19}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.cradleofhumankind.co.za/ourstory/ourjourney/humanorigins/Pages/Andre%20Keyser.aspx|title=Cradle of Humankind World Heritage Site|accessdate=2010-08-29|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110726021013/http://www.cradleofhumankind.co.za/ourstory/ourjourney/humanorigins/Pages/Andre%20Keyser.aspx|archivedate=2011-07-26}}</ref> N'afọ 1930, Robert Broom, onye na-eme ihe dịka onye na-ahụ maka lepidopter nke Transvaal Museum si kwuo, bụ onye mbụ na-ahụ maka ihe ndị dị ndụ n'oge gara Gladysvale Cave, na-atụ anya ịchọta ọgba ihe ndị dị ndụ n'oge dị nso na Johannesburg. Na 1946, Phillip Tobias chọtara ihe ndị dị ndụ n'ebe ahụ. Njem Camp-Peabody nke 1948 si United States ahụghị ihe fọdụrụ n'ebe ahụ. E chefuru ebe ahụ ruo 1991 mgbe Lee Berger na Andre Keyser malitere igwu ala. N'oge na-adịghị anya, ha hụrụ ezé Australopithecus africanus abụọ, nke mere ka Gladysvale bụrụ ebe mbụ e nwere ndị bi na South Africa kemgbe Robert Broom chọpụtara Swartkrans n'afọ 1948. Kemgbe ahụ, ebe ahụ enwetala ihe karịrị otu ụzọ n'ụzọ anọ nke nde fossils na nchọpụta site n'aka ndị otu si na Mahadum Witwatersrand, Mahadum Zurich na Mahadum Duke. Ihe ndị a fọdụrụnụ gụnyere, n'akụkụ hominids, antelope, anụ ọhịa wolf, nnukwu zebra na enwe.<ref>{{Cite book|author=Frisancho|first=Roberto|title=Humankind Evolving: An Exploration of the Origins of Human Diversity|date=2006|publisher=Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company|isbn=978-0757514081}}</ref> Dr Colin Menter nke Mahadum Johannesburg, na-ekwu maka fossils hominid sitere na Drimolen, kwuru, sị: "Nchọpụta ndị e mere na saịtị a gosiri anyị na ọdịiche dị n'etiti nwoke na nwanyị na Paranthropus robustus dị ukwuu karịa ka anyị chere na mbụ. Ọ bụ ezie na e nwere ụfọdụ ụdị sitere na Drilolen buru ibu ma sie ike dị ka ndị sitere na saịtị ndị ọzọ dị ka Swartkrans, enwere okpokoro isi nwanyị zuru oke nke dị obere karịa nke ọzọ, ụdị ahụ echekwara nke ọma. " <ref>{{Cite book|author=Frisancho|first=Roberto|title=Humankind Evolving: An Exploration of the Origins of Human Diversity|date=2006|publisher=Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company|isbn=978-0757514081}}</ref> == Ndụ onwe onye == Onye okenye n'ime ụmụ nwoke atọ nke Gabriel Keyser na Adelheid Dorothea Giesekke, André Keyser lụrụ Josina / Sienie le Roux ma biri na Meyerspark, Pretoria. Ha nwere ụmụ nwoke abụọ na ụmụ nwanyị abụọ (Helena, Gawie, Liesel na Andre). Ọ bụkwa onye na-ese ihe, nke nwere mmetụta siri ike nke ọdịdị nke South Africa. Ọ nwụrụ n'ihi ọrịa kansa.<ref>{{Cite book|author=Frisancho|first=Roberto|title=Humankind Evolving: An Exploration of the Origins of Human Diversity|date=2006|publisher=Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company|isbn=978-0757514081}}</ref> == Edemsibia == {{Reflist}} 9im06vgmtb14x9q6vvyt68oioj0cflo 0 71854 727468 674194 2026-09-24T02:19:37Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727468 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder | honorific_prefix = | name = Bernadette Meehan | honorific_suffix = | image = Meehan-12032025CK 0312 (cropped).jpg | caption = Meehan in December 2025 | alt = | order = | status = | ambassador_from = United States | country = Chile | president = [[List of ambassadors appointed by Joe Biden|Joe Biden]] | term_start = September 30, 2022 | term_end = January 20, 2025 | predecessor = [[Carol Z. Perez]] | successor = [[Brandon Judd]] | office1 = Spokesperson for the [[United States National Security Council]] | termstart1 = October 2014 | termend1 = June 2015 | president1 = [[Barack Obama]] | birth_date = | birth_place = | death_date = | death_place = | nationality = American | party = | education = [[Boston College]] ([[Bachelor of Arts|BA]]) | spouse = [[Evan S. Medeiros]] }} '''Bernadette M. Meehan''' bụ onye nnọchi anya mba Amerịka nke jere ozi dị ka onye nnọchianya mba Amerịka na Chile site na afo 2022 ruo afo 2025. A họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ onye isi ọrụ (CEO) nke ntoala Wikimedia, ọ ga-ebido ọrụ na afo 2026, na-anọchi Maryana Iskander.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Wikimedia Foundation appoints Bernadette Meehan as Chief Executive Officer|url=https://wikimediafoundation.org/news/2025/12/09/wikimedia-foundation-appoints-bernadette-meehan-as-chief-executive-officer/|work=[[Wikimedia Foundation]]|date=2025-12-09|accessdate=2025-12-09|language=en-US}}</ref> Ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye isi oche nke Global Programs maka ntoala nke Obama. <ref name="Defense One">{{Cite web|author=O'Toole|first=Molly|title=White House Says Obama's New National Security Strategy a 'Compass' Through 'Shifting Security Landscape'|url=http://www.defenseone.com/threats/2015/02/white-house-says-obamas-new-national-security-strategy-compass-through-shifting-security-landscape/104634/|publisher=Defense One|accessdate=17 February 2015|date=5 February 2015}}</ref> Ọ rụkwara ọrụ dị ka ọnụ na-ekwuru United States National Security Council n'oge ọchịchị Obama, dịka Onye ọrụ mba ọzọ na Ngalaba nke Steeti ihe karịrị afọ iri. == Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ == A mụrụ Meehan na Bronx, zụlitere na Pleasantville, New York ma gụsịrị akwụkwọ na ulo akwukwo Kennedy Catholic no na Somers, New York.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://issuu.com/kennedycatholic/docs/the_gael_-_fall_2015|title=The gael fall 2015|work=Issuu|date=September 2015|access-date=2025-12-09|archive-date=2022-08-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220814050500/https://issuu.com/kennedycatholic/docs/the_gael_-_fall_2015|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na mahadum Boston na nzere Bachelor of Arts na sayensị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị.<ref name=":0" /> Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ, ọ rụrụ ọrụ na Wall Street, nke mbụ na JPMorgan Chase na Lehman Brothers.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Wikimedia Foundation appoints Bernadette Meehan as Chief Executive Officer|url=https://wikimediafoundation.org/news/2025/12/09/wikimedia-foundation-appoints-bernadette-meehan-as-chief-executive-officer/|work=[[Wikimedia Foundation]]|date=2025-12-09|accessdate=2025-12-09|language=en-US}}</ref> O mechara sonye na United States Foreign Service . <ref name=":0" /> <ref name="BC Affairs">{{Cite web|author=Meehan|first=Bernadette|title=RealJobs: Bernadette Meehan|url=https://bccareer.wordpress.com/2012/02/08/realjobs-bernadette-meehan/|publisher=BC Affairs|accessdate=17 February 2015|date=8 February 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150217160120/https://bccareer.wordpress.com/2012/02/08/realjobs-bernadette-meehan/|archivedate=17 February 2015}}</ref><ref name="isd.georgetown.edu">{{Cite web|url=http://isd.georgetown.edu/meehan|title=Bernadette Meehan &#124; Institute for the Study of Diplomacy &#124; Georgetown University|accessdate=2015-12-14|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151222105421/http://isd.georgetown.edu/meehan|archivedate=2015-12-22}}</ref> == Ọrụ == Meehan sonyeere Ngalaba Na-ahụ Maka Ọchịchị nke United States dị ka onye ọrụ mba ọzọ na 2004, wee malite ọrụ ọhụrụ ya dị ka onye nnọchi anya na US Embassy na [[Bogotá]], Colombia.<ref name="BC Affairs" /> Ọ lanarịrị ntọrọ na mwakpo anụ ahụ site n'aka ndị ikom ji égbè na Bogotá n'ọnwa Eprel afọ 2006. E jidere mmadụ abụọ n'ime ndị omempụ ahụ ma maa ha ikpe ịga mkpọrọ afọ iri, mana a hụghị mmadụ abụọ ndi nkozo.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Wikimedia Foundation appoints Bernadette Meehan as Chief Executive Officer|url=https://wikimediafoundation.org/news/2025/12/09/wikimedia-foundation-appoints-bernadette-meehan-as-chief-executive-officer/|work=[[Wikimedia Foundation]]|date=2025-12-09|accessdate=2025-12-09|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Wikimedia Foundation appoints Bernadette Meehan as Chief Executive Officer|url=https://wikimediafoundation.org/news/2025/12/09/wikimedia-foundation-appoints-bernadette-meehan-as-chief-executive-officer/|work=[[Wikimedia Foundation]]|date=2025-12-09|accessdate=2025-12-09|language=en-US}}</ref> Ọ rụrụ ọrụ na Colombia afọ abụọ tupu ọ wepụta onwe ya ije ozi na Iraq. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ na US Embassy na Baghdad site na 2006 ruo 2007 dị ka onye nnọchi anya, na ọtụtụ ọnwa dị ka onye enyemaka pụrụ iche nye onye nnọchianya Zalmay Khalilzad .<ref name="BC Affairs" /> Na Septemba 2007, Meehan hapụrụ Iraq iji mụọ [[Arabic]] na Department of State's Foreign Service Institute na [[Végíníyà|Virginia]] iji kwadebe maka njem ọzọ ya dị ka onye ọrụ mmekọrịta ọha na eze na US Consulate General na Dubai na [[United Arab Emirates]] . <ref name="BC Affairs" /> N'afọ 2010 ọ laghachiri [[Washington, D.C.]] iji rụọ ọrụ dị ka onye ọrụ steeti "Line Officer", na-akwalite njem mba nke odeakwụkwọ steeti. Ọ ghọrọ onye enyemaka pụrụ iche nke Odeakwụkwọ nke steeti.<ref name="BC Affairs" /> N'afọ 2012, e kọwapụtara Meehan na White House National Security Council (NSC) ma n'afọ 2014 ọ ghọrọ ọnụ na-ekwuru National Security Council. Meehan hapụrụ NSC na 2015 ka ọ bụrụ osote prọfesọ na onye bi na Ngalaba Steeti na Georgetown's Institute maka Ọmụmụ nka nkwurịta okwu na Edmund A. Walsh School of Foreign Service . <ref>{{Cite web|title=Wikimedia Foundation appoints Bernadette Meehan as Chief Executive Officer|url=https://wikimediafoundation.org/news/2025/12/09/wikimedia-foundation-appoints-bernadette-meehan-as-chief-executive-officer/|work=[[Wikimedia Foundation]]|date=2025-12-09|accessdate=2025-12-09|language=en-US}}</ref> A kpọghachiri ya na NSC ka ọ lekọta atụmatụ maka njem akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Onye isi ala Obama na Havana, Cuba. Dị ka ''The New York Times'' si kwuo, nhọpụta ya n'ọkwa a gosipụtara mkpa Onye isi ala tinyere na njem ahụ na ọdịdị dị mgbagwoju anya nke ịhazi nleta ahụ.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Wikimedia Foundation appoints Bernadette Meehan as Chief Executive Officer|url=https://wikimediafoundation.org/news/2025/12/09/wikimedia-foundation-appoints-bernadette-meehan-as-chief-executive-officer/|work=[[Wikimedia Foundation]]|date=2025-12-09|accessdate=2025-12-09|language=en-US}}</ref> Ọ nọgidere na White House dị ka onye ndụmọdụ ukwu nke Onye isi ala Obama ruo Jenụwarị 2017. N'ọnwa Febụwarị 2017, Meehan hapụrụ Ọrụ Mba Ọzọ ka ọ bụrụ Chief International Officer na ntoala Obama. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Wikimedia Foundation appoints Bernadette Meehan as Chief Executive Officer|url=https://wikimediafoundation.org/news/2025/12/09/wikimedia-foundation-appoints-bernadette-meehan-as-chief-executive-officer/|work=[[Wikimedia Foundation]]|date=2025-12-09|accessdate=2025-12-09|language=en-US}}</ref> N'ọrụ a, ọ bụ ya na-ahụ maka ịzụlite na ilekọta mmemme mba ụwa niile maka ntoala Obama, gụnyere Ndị ọkà mmụta ntọala Obama; Leaders Africa program; Leaders Asia-Pacific program; <ref>{{Cite web|title=Wikimedia Foundation appoints Bernadette Meehan as Chief Executive Officer|url=https://wikimediafoundation.org/news/2025/12/09/wikimedia-foundation-appoints-bernadette-meehan-as-chief-executive-officer/|work=[[Wikimedia Foundation]]|date=2025-12-09|accessdate=2025-12-09|language=en-US}}</ref> na Leaders Europe program.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Wikimedia Foundation appoints Bernadette Meehan as Chief Executive Officer|url=https://wikimediafoundation.org/news/2025/12/09/wikimedia-foundation-appoints-bernadette-meehan-as-chief-executive-officer/|work=[[Wikimedia Foundation]]|date=2025-12-09|accessdate=2025-12-09|language=en-US}}</ref> O mechara bụrụ osote onye isi oche maka mmemme ụwa na onye otu Kọmitii Nchịkwa nke Foundation. Meehan jere ozi na bọọdụ ndị ndụmọdụ maka Mahadum Georgetown's Institute maka Ọmụmụ nka nkwurịta okwu, n'ime Walsh School of Foreign Service.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Wikimedia Foundation appoints Bernadette Meehan as Chief Executive Officer|url=https://wikimediafoundation.org/news/2025/12/09/wikimedia-foundation-appoints-bernadette-meehan-as-chief-executive-officer/|work=[[Wikimedia Foundation]]|date=2025-12-09|accessdate=2025-12-09|language=en-US}}</ref> === Onye nnọchi anya United States na Chile === [[Faịlụ:29 August 2022, Deputy Secretary Sherman officiates the Swearing-In Ceremony of Ambassador Bernadette M. Meehan (cropped).jpg|thumb|Meehan ṅụrụ iyi dị ka onye nnọchi anya na Chile na 2022 site n'aka osote odeakwụkwọ nke steeti Wendy Sherman]] Na Julaị 9, afo 2021, Onye isi ala Joe Biden họpụtara Meehan ka ọ bụrụ onye nnọchi anya United States na-esote na Chile..<ref name="July9">{{Cite web|date=2021-07-09|title=President Biden Announces His Intent to Nominate Four Individuals to Serve as Ambassadors|url=https://bidenwhitehouse.archives.gov/briefing-room/statements-releases/2021/07/09/president-biden-announces-his-intent-to-nominate-four-individuals-to-serve-as-ambassadors/|accessdate=2021-07-09|work=The White House|language=en-US}}</ref> Ekpere ikpe maka nhọpụta ya n'ihu Kọmitii Mmekọrịta Mba Ọzọ nke Sineti na Maachị 15, afo 2022. Kọmiti ahụ gosipụtara nhọpụta ya nke ọma na May 18, afo 2022.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Wikimedia Foundation appoints Bernadette Meehan as Chief Executive Officer|url=https://wikimediafoundation.org/news/2025/12/09/wikimedia-foundation-appoints-bernadette-meehan-as-chief-executive-officer/|work=[[Wikimedia Foundation]]|date=2025-12-09|accessdate=2025-12-09|language=en-US}}</ref> Na Julaị 20, 2022, ndị omebe iwu United States kwadoro nhọpụta ya site na ntuli aka 51–44.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Wikimedia Foundation appoints Bernadette Meehan as Chief Executive Officer|url=https://wikimediafoundation.org/news/2025/12/09/wikimedia-foundation-appoints-bernadette-meehan-as-chief-executive-officer/|work=[[Wikimedia Foundation]]|date=2025-12-09|accessdate=2025-12-09|language=en-US}}</ref> A ṅụrụ iyi na Ọgọst 29, 2022<ref>{{Cite web|title=Wikimedia Foundation appoints Bernadette Meehan as Chief Executive Officer|url=https://wikimediafoundation.org/news/2025/12/09/wikimedia-foundation-appoints-bernadette-meehan-as-chief-executive-officer/|work=[[Wikimedia Foundation]]|date=2025-12-09|accessdate=2025-12-09|language=en-US}}</ref> ma nyefee Onye isi ala Gabriel Boric nzere ya na Septemba 30, afo 2022. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template noprint noexcerpt Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to better sources. (December 2025)">better<span typeof="mw:Entity">&</nowiki>nbsp;<nowiki></span></nowiki>source<nowiki><span typeof="mw:Entity">&</nowiki>nbsp;<nowiki></span></nowiki>needed<nowiki></span></nowiki>''&#x5D;</sup> Dị ka onye nnọchianya, a maara Meehan maka mgbasa ozi mgbasa ozi buru ibu na-esote<ref>{{Cite web|title=Wikimedia Foundation appoints Bernadette Meehan as Chief Executive Officer|url=https://wikimediafoundation.org/news/2025/12/09/wikimedia-foundation-appoints-bernadette-meehan-as-chief-executive-officer/|work=[[Wikimedia Foundation]]|date=2025-12-09|accessdate=2025-12-09|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Wikimedia Foundation appoints Bernadette Meehan as Chief Executive Officer|url=https://wikimediafoundation.org/news/2025/12/09/wikimedia-foundation-appoints-bernadette-meehan-as-chief-executive-officer/|work=[[Wikimedia Foundation]]|date=2025-12-09|accessdate=2025-12-09|language=en-US}}</ref> na amama n'etiti ndi Chile. O mere ihu ihu nke El Mercurio, akwụkwọ akụkọ ndekọta nke Chile, mgbe ọ rụchara skydive na US na Chilean Special Forces dị ka akụkụ nke ọtụtụ mba jikọrọ aka agha Southern Star.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Wikimedia Foundation appoints Bernadette Meehan as Chief Executive Officer|url=https://wikimediafoundation.org/news/2025/12/09/wikimedia-foundation-appoints-bernadette-meehan-as-chief-executive-officer/|work=[[Wikimedia Foundation]]|date=2025-12-09|accessdate=2025-12-09|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Wikimedia Foundation appoints Bernadette Meehan as Chief Executive Officer|url=https://wikimediafoundation.org/news/2025/12/09/wikimedia-foundation-appoints-bernadette-meehan-as-chief-executive-officer/|work=[[Wikimedia Foundation]]|date=2025-12-09|accessdate=2025-12-09|language=en-US}}</ref> A jara ya mma maka ọtụtụ ihe ịga nke ọma azụmahịa na nhazi gụnyere ịgafe nke US-Chile Bilateral Tax Treaty nke US na Chilean Senate mgbe ihe karịrị afọ iri na-eche na US Senate; <ref>{{Cite web|title=Wikimedia Foundation appoints Bernadette Meehan as Chief Executive Officer|url=https://wikimediafoundation.org/news/2025/12/09/wikimedia-foundation-appoints-bernadette-meehan-as-chief-executive-officer/|work=[[Wikimedia Foundation]]|date=2025-12-09|accessdate=2025-12-09|language=en-US}}</ref> ọkwa Google dị ka onye na-etinye ego na Humboldt Cable, eriri mbụ dị n'okpuru mmiri na-ejikọ South America na mpaghara Asia-Pacific; <ref>{{Cite web|title=Wikimedia Foundation appoints Bernadette Meehan as Chief Executive Officer|url=https://wikimediafoundation.org/news/2025/12/09/wikimedia-foundation-appoints-bernadette-meehan-as-chief-executive-officer/|work=[[Wikimedia Foundation]]|date=2025-12-09|accessdate=2025-12-09|language=en-US}}</ref> na mkparịta ụka nke akwụkwọ ozi dị n'akụkụ na US-Chili Free Trade Agreement na-echebe ohere ahịa maka mmiri ara ehi na mbupụ anụ <ref>{{Cite web|title=Wikimedia Foundation appoints Bernadette Meehan as Chief Executive Officer|url=https://wikimediafoundation.org/news/2025/12/09/wikimedia-foundation-appoints-bernadette-meehan-as-chief-executive-officer/|work=[[Wikimedia Foundation]]|date=2025-12-09|accessdate=2025-12-09|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=Wikimedia Foundation appoints Bernadette Meehan as Chief Executive Officer|url=https://wikimediafoundation.org/news/2025/12/09/wikimedia-foundation-appoints-bernadette-meehan-as-chief-executive-officer/|work=[[Wikimedia Foundation]]|date=2025-12-09|accessdate=2025-12-09|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Wikimedia Foundation appoints Bernadette Meehan as Chief Executive Officer|url=https://wikimediafoundation.org/news/2025/12/09/wikimedia-foundation-appoints-bernadette-meehan-as-chief-executive-officer/|work=[[Wikimedia Foundation]]|date=2025-12-09|accessdate=2025-12-09|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Wikimedia Foundation appoints Bernadette Meehan as Chief Executive Officer|url=https://wikimediafoundation.org/news/2025/12/09/wikimedia-foundation-appoints-bernadette-meehan-as-chief-executive-officer/|work=[[Wikimedia Foundation]]|date=2025-12-09|accessdate=2025-12-09|language=en-US}}</ref> N'oge Meehan nọ n'ọchịchị, ụlọ ọrụ ndị na-egwupụta ihe na United States kwupụtakwara mgbasawanye dị ịrịba ama, gụnyere itinye ego ijeri $ 7.5 nke Freeport-McMoran na igwupụta ọla kọpa <ref>{{Cite web|title=Wikimedia Foundation appoints Bernadette Meehan as Chief Executive Officer|url=https://wikimediafoundation.org/news/2025/12/09/wikimedia-foundation-appoints-bernadette-meehan-as-chief-executive-officer/|work=[[Wikimedia Foundation]]|date=2025-12-09|accessdate=2025-12-09|language=en-US}}</ref> na mgbasawanye Albemarle nke iwepụta na nhazi. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Wikimedia Foundation appoints Bernadette Meehan as Chief Executive Officer|url=https://wikimediafoundation.org/news/2025/12/09/wikimedia-foundation-appoints-bernadette-meehan-as-chief-executive-officer/|work=[[Wikimedia Foundation]]|date=2025-12-09|accessdate=2025-12-09|language=en-US}}</ref> Mgbe a họpụtara onye isi ala Donald Trump, Meehan gbara arụkwaghịm dị ka onye nnọchi anya na Jenụwarị 10, 2025, na-agbaso omenala maka ndị a họpụtara na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nke pati abụọ ahụ.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Wikimedia Foundation appoints Bernadette Meehan as Chief Executive Officer|url=https://wikimediafoundation.org/news/2025/12/09/wikimedia-foundation-appoints-bernadette-meehan-as-chief-executive-officer/|work=[[Wikimedia Foundation]]|date=2025-12-09|accessdate=2025-12-09|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Wikimedia Foundation appoints Bernadette Meehan as Chief Executive Officer|url=https://wikimediafoundation.org/news/2025/12/09/wikimedia-foundation-appoints-bernadette-meehan-as-chief-executive-officer/|work=[[Wikimedia Foundation]]|date=2025-12-09|accessdate=2025-12-09|language=en-US}}</ref> === Ọrụ onye nnọchi anya mba ọzọ === Na Disemba 9, 2025, a họpụtara Meehan dịka onye isi oche nke Wikimedia Foundation . <ref>{{Cite web|title=Wikimedia Foundation appoints Bernadette Meehan as Chief Executive Officer|url=https://wikimediafoundation.org/news/2025/12/09/wikimedia-foundation-appoints-bernadette-meehan-as-chief-executive-officer/|work=[[Wikimedia Foundation]]|date=2025-12-09|accessdate=2025-12-09|language=en-US}}</ref> Ọ ga-amalite ọrụ ahụ na Jenụwarị 20, 2026. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Wikimedia Foundation appoints Bernadette Meehan as Chief Executive Officer|url=https://wikimediafoundation.org/news/2025/12/09/wikimedia-foundation-appoints-bernadette-meehan-as-chief-executive-officer/|work=[[Wikimedia Foundation]]|date=2025-12-09|accessdate=2025-12-09|language=en-US}}</ref> == Ndụ onwe onye == Meehan na-asụ Bekee, Spanish na [[Arabic]]. Ọ lụrụ Evan S. Medeiros, onye isi oche ezinụlọ Penner na Asian Studies na Mahadum Georgetown's Walsh School of Foreign Service . <ref>{{Cite web|title=Wikimedia Foundation appoints Bernadette Meehan as Chief Executive Officer|url=https://wikimediafoundation.org/news/2025/12/09/wikimedia-foundation-appoints-bernadette-meehan-as-chief-executive-officer/|work=[[Wikimedia Foundation]]|date=2025-12-09|accessdate=2025-12-09|language=en-US}}</ref> N'oge Ọchịchị Obama, Medeiros nwere ọkwa dị elu na Kansụl Nchebe Mba gụnyere Onye Nkwado Pụrụ Iche nke Onye isi ala na Onye isi nchịkwa maka Eshia. == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga ==   * AppearancesnaC-SPAN {{s-start}} {{s-dip}} {{s-bef|before=[[Carol Z. Perez]]}} {{s-ttl|title=[[United States Ambassador to Chile]]|years=2022–2025}} {{s-aft|after=[[Brandon Judd]]}} {{s-end}}{{Ambassadors of the United States to Chile}}{{USLAambassadors}}{{Authority control}} [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Otú:Pages with unreviewed translations]] {{commons}} *{{C-SPAN|96741}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Meehan, Bernadette}} [[Category:21st-century American diplomats]] [[Category:Ambassadors of the United States to Chile]] [[Category:American financial analysts]] [[Category:JPMorgan Chase people]] [[Category:Morrissey College of Arts & Sciences alumni]] [[Category:Obama administration personnel]] [[Category:Political spokespersons]] [[Category:United States Foreign Service personnel]] [[Category:United States National Security Council staffers]] [[Category:Women ambassadors of the United States]] [[Category:Women financial analysts]] g3a7y7p16yhncf9p02s3005jnkwjens 0 72996 727533 720651 2026-09-24T06:23:06Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 3 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727533 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faịlụ:Carteret_beis_medrash.jpg|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|250x250px|''Khaveyrim'' (ndị mmekọ ọmụmụ) na-anọdụ ala n'ihu ibe ha ma ọ bụ n'akụkụ n'akụkụ na ''Bet midrash'' nke Yeshiva Gedola nke Carteret.]] '''''Chavrusa''''', a na-akpọkwa chavruta ma ọ bụ ḥavruta (Aramaic nke ndị Juu nke Babilọn: חַבְרוּתָא, nke e dere na roman: ḥāḇruṯā, nke e dere na lit. "mmekọrịta"; pl.: חַבְרָוָותָא, ḥāḇrāwāṯā), bụ ụzọ ọdịnala nke ndị rabaị si amụ Talmud ebe obere ìgwè ụmụ akwụkwọ (na-abụkarị 2-5) na-enyocha, na-atụle, ma na-arụrịta ụka banyere ederede a na-ekerịta. Ọ bụ ụzọ mmụta bụ isi na yeshivas na kollels, ebe ụmụ akwụkwọ na-ejikọkarị ndị mmekọ ọmụmụ ihe mgbe niile nwere ihe ọmụma na ikike yiri nke ahụ, ndị na-abụghị ebe yeshiva, n'ọrụ, n'ụlọ, na ebe ezumike na-emekwa ya. Okwu ọdịnala bụ ịmụta b'chavrusa (בְחַבְרוּתָא bəḥāḇruṯā "na mmekorita"); Okwu a sitere na metonymy iji kpọọ onye mmekọ ọmụmụ ihe ahụ onye ọ bụla, mana ọ ga-akọwa ụzọ dị mma karịa. N'adịghị ka mmekọrịta onye nkuzi na nwa akwụkwọ, nke nwa akwụkwọ na-eburu n'isi ma na-ekwughachi ihe ahụ n'ule, mmụta chavrusa na-etinye nwa akwụkwọ ọ bụla n'ọnọdụ nke nyochaa ederede, na-ahazi echiche ha n'ime arụmụka ezi uche dị na ya, na-akọwara onye mmekọ ha echiche ha, na-anụ echiche nke onye ibe ha, na ịjụ ajụjụ ma na-eme ka echiche nke ibe ha dị nkọ, na-abịakarị nghọta ọhụrụ kpamkpam banyere ihe ederede ahụ pụtara.<ref name="agora" /><ref name="jeff" /> == Nkọwa ==   ''''chavrusa'''' bụ okwu Aramaic nke pụtara "enyi" <ref name="agora">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8uZvs6_fGeMC&q=chavruta&pg=PA155|title=World Wide Agora|author=Liebersohn|first=Aharon|year=2006|isbn=978-965-90756-1-4}}<cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFLiebersohn2006">Liebersohn, Aharon (2006). [https://books.google.com/books?id=8uZvs6_fGeMC&q=chavruta&pg=PA155 ''World Wide Agora'']. p.&nbsp;155. [[ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-965-90756-1-4|<bdi>978-965-90756-1-4</bdi>]].</cite></ref> ma ọ bụ "enyi". <ref>{{Cite web|title=Yevamot 96b:16|url=https://www.sefaria.org/Yevamot.96b.16|accessdate=2022-07-13|work=www.sefaria.org}}</ref> Ndị rabaị nke Mishnah na Gemara na-eji okwu yiri ya ''chaver'' (חבר, "enyi" ma ọ bụ "enyi" na Hibru) na-ezo aka na onye onye mmadụ na-amụ Torah.<ref name="sinclair" />><ref name="cath" /> N'iji ya eme ihe n'oge a, a na-akọwa chavrusa dị ka "mmekọrịta ọmụmụ". <ref name="sinclair" /><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IhkztUVgVRUC&pg=PA70|title=Becoming Frum: How Newcomers Learn the Language and Culture of Orthodox Judaism|first=Sarah|author=Benor|publisher=Rutgers University Press|year=2012|isbn=978-0813553917}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rVfSGfMNAR4C&pg=PA67|title=September 11 and You|first=Moshe|author=Goldberger|publisher=[[Targum Press]]|year=2004|isbn=978-1568713182}}</ref> ''chavrusa'' na-ezo aka na ụmụ akwụkwọ abụọ na-amụta otu otu. Mgbe ụmụ akwụkwọ atọ ma ọ bụ karịa na-amụta ọnụ, a na-akpọ ha chavura (Hibru: חַבוּרָה, otu; kwa ''chabura''). <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.clickdesign.com/CLIENTDEMOS/edos/classes.htm|title=Adult Education Catalogue/Spring 2003|publisher=East Denver Orthodox Synagogue|year=2003|accessdate=26 June 2011|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120326034009/http://www.clickdesign.com/CLIENTDEMOS/edos/classes.htm|archivedate=26 March 2012}}</ref> N'obodo ụfọdụ, echiche nke chavrusa nwere ike ịgụnye mmadụ abụọ, atọ, anọ ma ọ bụ ọbụna ise na-amụkọ ọnụ.<ref name="jeff">{{Cite web|url=http://www.rebjeff.com/1/category/singing/1.html|title=Bringing the People Together|date=24 February 2011|accessdate=26 June 2011|publisher=Reb Jeff}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[http://www.rebjeff.com/1/category/singing/1.html "Bringing the People Together"]. Reb Jeff. 24 February 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 June</span> 2011</span>.</cite></ref><ref>{{Cite journal|url=http://www.shirshalom.org/pdfs/Scribe-May-Jun-11.pdf|title=Turn It Again &ndash; The Joy of Shabbat Tish|first=Rabbi Michael L.|author=Moskowitz|journal=Scribe|date=May–June 2011|volume=24|issue=5 & 6|accessdate=2013-03-18|archive-date=2017-03-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170312075432/http://www.shirshalom.org/pdfs/Scribe-May-Jun-11.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ndị Reform na Conservative agbasawo echiche nke chavura na agụmakwụkwọ na uri nke oge a (Rịba ama na chavura (Nkọwapụta Ashkenazic: ''chevra'') nwekwara ike izo aka n'otu ìgwè ndị mmadụ ma ọ bụ ezinụlọ nke bụ akụkụ ọmụmụ ma ọ bụ òtù ekpere, akụkụ klọb mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya <ref name="jeff" />).<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JhKyPjgcHEcC&pg=PA198|title=How I Am a Jew: Adventures Into My Jewish-American Identity|first=Howard W.|author=Polsky|year=2003|publisher=University Press of America|isbn=978-0761824237}}</ref> A na-akpọ otu ọmụmụ ihe (nke ka mma) na Yeshiva mgbe ụfọdụ "Kibbutz" - lee dịka ọmụmaatụ Sunderland Talmudical College § The Kibbutz - karịsịa n'iji ya eme ihe, tupu ojiji nke okwu ahụ maka obodo ọrụ ugbo. == Mmalite ==    Based on statements in the Mishnah and Gemara, ''chavrusa'' learning was a key feature of yeshivas in the eras of the Tannaim (Rabbis of the Mishnaic period, 10-220 CE) and Amoraim (Rabbis of the Talmudic period, 200 to 500 CE). The Rabbis repeatedly urged their students to acquire a study partner; for example, Rabbi Yehoshua Ben Perachia enjoined students to "Make for yourself a Rav and acquire for yourself a ''chaver''", and Rabbi Yose ben Chalafta told his son Rabbi Abba that he was ignorant because he did not study with someone else. The choice of ''chavrusas'' seems to have been based on friendship or social proximity; thus, ''chavrusas'' fulfilled a social as well as an educational need.<ref name="cath">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bKMkEVSvCoUC&pg=PA351|title=The Social Structure of the Rabbinic Movement in Roman Palestine|author=Hezser|first=Catherine|year=1997|publisher=Mohr Siebeck|isbn=978-3-16-146797-4}}<cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFHezser1997">Hezser, Catherine (1997). [https://books.google.com/books?id=bKMkEVSvCoUC&pg=PA351 ''The Social Structure of the Rabbinic Movement in Roman Palestine'']. Mohr Siebeck. p.&nbsp;351. [[ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-3-16-146797-4|<bdi>978-3-16-146797-4</bdi>]].</cite></ref> Ọ bụ ezie na mmadụ nwere ike ịhọrọ ịmụ Talmud naanị ya, a na-akụda ya mmụọ nke ukwuu. Na Talmud, e hotara Jose bar Hanina ka ọ na-ekwu na "ndị ọkà mmụta na-anọdụ ala naanị ha iji mụọ Torah . . . na-aghọ ndị nzuzu" (Berakhot, 63b).<ref name="sinclair">{{Cite web|url=http://www.thejc.com/judaism/jewish-words/chavruta|title=Chavruta|author=Sinclair|first=Dr. Julian|date=5 November 2008|accessdate=26 June 2011|work=[[The Jewish Chronicle]]|archive-date=8 December 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151208162631/http://www.thejc.com/judaism/jewish-words/chavruta|url-status=dead}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFSinclair2008">Sinclair, Dr. Julian (5 November 2008). [https://web.archive.org/web/20151208162631/http://www.thejc.com/judaism/jewish-words/chavruta "Chavruta"]. ''[[The Jewish Chronicle]]''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 June</span> 2011</span>.</cite></ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.on1foot.org/text/babylonian-talmud-brachot-63b|title=Babylonian Talmud Brachot 63b|publisher=American Jewish World Service|accessdate=10 April 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151208160608/http://www.on1foot.org/text/babylonian-talmud-brachot-63b|archivedate=8 December 2015}}</ref> Ka o sina dị, e nwere ihe akaebe na ịmụ ihe abụọ abụghị mgbe niile ihe zuru ụwa ọnụ na yeshivas, dịka ọmụmaatụ na Volozhin Yeshiva a ma ama nke narị afọ nke 19 Lithuania, enwere ihe akaebe maka na ịmụ ihe n'otu n'otu kama ịmụ ihe abụọ bụ ihe a na-ahụkarị. Mmụta ''''chavrusa'''' dị mma karịsịa maka ọmụmụ Talmud, ebe ọ bụ na nke ikpeazụ bụ ederede jupụtara n'echiche ndị na-emegiderịta onwe ha na nkwupụta ndị yiri ka ha na-emegide ụkpụrụ nke iwu ndị Juu. E wezụga ịgbaso arụmụka azụ na azụ, nwa akwụkwọ Talmud ga-enwe ike nyochaa echiche ọ bụla ma gosipụta echiche iji dozie ya na ìhè nke ndị ọzọ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.jpost.com/Magazine/Opinion/Think-Again-Talmud-Study-and-the-Liberal-Arts|title=Think Again: Talmud Study and the Liberal Arts|first=Jonathan|author=Rosenblum|authorlink=Jonathan Rosenblum|date=11 November 2011|accessdate=8 April 2013|work=[[The Jerusalem Post]]}}</ref> Mmekọrịta chavrusa na-enye nwa akwụkwọ ọ bụla ikpo okwu iji mee ka ọnọdụ ha doo anya ma kọwaa onye mmekọ; mgbe ahụ, ha abụọ na-aga n'ihu ịjụ ajụjụ, ịgbachitere, ime ka o kwenye, gbanwee, gbanwee nke ọma, ọbụnakwa nweta nkwubi okwu ọhụrụ site na mmekorita ọgụgụ isi siri ike.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oohY_3hMFS8C&pg=PA418|title=Gateway to Judaism: The What, How, And Why of Jewish Life|first=Mordechai|author=Becker|authorlink=Gateways (organization)#Rabbi Mordechai Becker|publisher=[[ArtScroll|Mesorah Publications, Ltd.]]|year=2005|isbn=978-1422600306|pages=418, 422&ndash;423}}</ref><ref name="balt">{{Cite web|url=https://www.baltimoresun.com/2003/09/25/study-form-ancient-but-lessons-modern/|title=Study Form Ancient, But Lessons Modern|first=Frank|author=Langfitt|date=25 September 2003|accessdate=8 April 2013|work=[[The Baltimore Sun]]|archivedate=8 December 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151208125927/http://articles.baltimoresun.com/2003-09-25/news/0309250131_1_talmud-israel-rabbinical-college-ner-israel}}</ref> == Uru agụmakwụkwọ == N'adịghị ka mmụta klas nkịtị, ebe onye nkuzi na-agwa nwa akwụkwọ na nwa akwụkwọ okwu. <ref name="agora"/> Na-eburu n'isi ma na-ekwughachi ozi ahụ n'ule, na n'adịghị ka seminarị agụmakwụkwọ, ebe ụmụ akwụkwọ na-eme nnyocha onwe ha, <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.jewishjournal.com/torah_portion/article/learning_together_20030606/|title=Learning Together|date=5 June 2003|accessdate=26 June 2011|author=Bouskila|first=Rabbi Daniel|work=[[The Jewish Journal of Greater Los Angeles]]}}</ref> mmụta chavrusa na-ama nwa akwụkwọ aka inyocha ma jiri ọnụ kọwaa ihe ahụ, gosipụta njehie na arụmụka onye ibe ya, ma jụọ ma mee ka echiche nke onye ọ bụla dị nkọ, na-abịakarị nghọta ọhụrụ kpamkpam banyere ihe ederede ahụ pụtara.<ref name="jeff"/> A ''chavrusa'' helps the student stay awake, keep his mind focused on the learning, sharpen his reasoning powers, develop his thoughts into words, and organize his thoughts into logical arguments.<ref name="zobin" /> This type of learning also imparts precision and clarity into ideas that would otherwise remain vague.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.kollel.com/iajs|title=Chavrusa System of Learning|publisher=Kollel Toronto|year=2010|accessdate=26 June 2011}}</ref> Having to listen to, analyze and respond to another's opinion inculcates respect for others. It is considered poor manners to interrupt one's ''chavrusa''.<ref>{{Cite journal|url=http://ohr.edu/yhiy/article.php/Parshat-Pinchas.pdf?docid=2675&ie=1&showobject=1|title="The wise man does not speak before one who is wiser than him and does not break into the words of another" (Avot 5:7)|journal=Ohrnet|date=15 July 2006|volume=13|issue=39}}</ref> The ''chavrusa'' relationship also strengthens the student's personal commitment to his studies, as he is loath to disappoint or cancel on his ''chavrusa''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.thejc.com/judaism/judaism-features/67472/two-heads-are-better-learning-one|title=Two Heads are Better Than One|first=Rabbi Ephraim|author=Mirvis|date=10 May 2012|accessdate=9 April 2013|work=The Jewish Chronicle|archive-date=8 December 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151208173421/http://www.thejc.com/judaism/judaism-features/67472/two-heads-are-better-learning-one|url-status=dead}}</ref> Some early research has shown that the use of this study modality within a traditional Yeshiva education can aid students later succeed in law school -- although it remains an open question as to whether that relationship is causal or merely correlative.<ref> {{Cite journal|author=Klein|first=Reuven Chaim|date=March 1, 2024|title=A qualitative study on how traditional Yeshiva education prepares students for law school|url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/03069400.2023.2296811|journal=The Law Teacher|volume=58|issue=1|pages=111-130|doi=10.17613/b462-fp41}} </ref> == Omume == Mmụta ''''chavrusa'''' na-ewere ọnọdụ na usoro iwu kwadoro nke yeshiva ma ọ bụ kollel, yana na ọmụmụ Talmudic nke mmadụ na-eme n'oge ọ bụla n'ụbọchị. Ọ bụ ezie na nwoke nwere nkà mmụta nwere ike ịmụ isiokwu ụfọdụ n'onwe ya, mmekọrịta chavrusa na-ahọrọ iji nyere ha aka ime ka echiche ha pụta ìhè.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lFvQ79N9vIAC|pages=110&ndash;111|title=The World of the Yeshiva: An intimate portrait of Orthodox Jewry|author=Helmreich|first=William B.|publisher=Ktav Publishing House|year=2000|isbn=978-0-88125-642-0}}</ref> N'ime ọnọdụ yeshiva, ụmụ akwụkwọ na-akwadebe ma na-enyocha ''shiur'' (okwu) na ''chavrusa'' ha n'oge ọmụmụ ụtụtụ, n'ehihie, na n'oge mgbede a maara dị ka ''sedarim''.<ref name="Forta">{{Cite book|author=Forta|first=Arye|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NhdoWlrzcg4C&q=chavruta&pg=PA89|title=Judaism|publisher=Heineman Educational|year=1989|isbn=978-0-435-30321-1}}</ref> Na nkezi, nwa akwụkwọ yeshiva na-etinye awa iri kwa ụbọchị na-amụ ihe na ''chavrusa''. Ebe ọ bụ na inwe ''chavrusa'' ziri ezi na-eme ka ọdịiche dị n'etiti inwe afọ dị mma na afọ ọjọọ, ndị rabaị klas nwere ike ịgbanwe ''chavrusa'' ugboro asatọ ma ọ bụ itoolu na klas nke ụmụ nwoke 20 ruo mgbe mmekọrịta ahụ na-arụ ọrụ maka akụkụ abụọ ahụ. Ọ bụrụ na chavrusa ejide n'ihe siri ike ma ọ bụ chọọ nkọwa ọzọ, ha nwere ike ịgakwuru ndị rabaị, ndị nkuzi, ma ọ bụ ''sho'el u'mashiv'' (n'ụzọ nkịtị, "jụọ ma zaa", onye rabaị nke maara nke ọma ederede Talmudic a na-amụ) bụ ndị ha nwere n'ụlọ ọmụmụ ihe n'oge ''sedarim''. Na mmemme yeshiva ụmụ nwanyị, ndị nkuzi nọ n'aka iji duzie chavrusas.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://spider.mc.yu.edu/news/articles/article.cfm?id=101213|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20060831161538/http://spider.mc.yu.edu/news/articles/article.cfm?id=101213|archivedate=31 August 2006|title=Stern College's June Learning Program Exposes Students to Intense, In-Depth Learning|date=6 July 2006|accessdate=26 June 2011|publisher=[[Yeshiva University]]}}</ref> == Ịhọrọ ''chavrusa'' == [[Faịlụ:BMGTDay.jpg|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|Ụbọchị ọgba aghara na Beth Medrash Govoha]] Pairing up study partners has been compared to making a ''shidduch'' (marriage match), as the skills, interests, temperament and schedule of each person must be taken into consideration.<ref name="bamboo" /><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://toldot.ru/en/engarticles/eng-articles_6485.html|title=Chavrusa across the country, or: A Siyum once in three and a half years|date=27 November 2007|accessdate=8 April 2013|publisher=[[Toldos Yeshurun]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://demosthenesneedsalocke.blogspot.co.il/2010/01/chavrusa-shidduch-world.html|title=The Chavrusa Shidduch World|date=6 January 2010|accessdate=8 April 2013|publisher=Demosthenes Needs a Locke}}</ref> Good friends do not necessarily make good ''chavrusas''. If the ''chavrusas'' spend too much time chatting or joking with each other at the expense of their study time, they are advised to find different study partners. In the yeshiva world, the brightest students are highly desirable as ''chavrusas''.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=D8cRAQAAIAAJ&q=chavrusa|title=With Hearts Full of Faith: Insights into trust and emunah: A selection of addresses|author=Reinman|first=Yaakov Yosef|publisher=Mesorah Publications, Ltd.|year=2002|isbn=978-1-57819-583-1}}</ref> However, there are pros and cons to learning with ''chavrusas'' who are stronger, weaker, or equal in knowledge and ability to the student. A stronger ''chavrusa'' will correct and fill in the student's knowledge and help them improve their learning techniques, acting more like a teacher. With a ''chavrusa'' who is equal in knowledge and ability, the student is forced to prove their point with logic rather than by right of seniority, which improves their ability to think logically, analyze other people's opinions objectively, and accept criticism. With a weaker ''chavrusa'', who often worries over and questions each step, the student is forced to understand the material thoroughly, refine and organize their thoughts in a logical structure, present their viewpoint clearly, and be ready to justify each and every point. The stronger ''chavrusa'' helps the student acquire a great deal of information, but the weaker ''chavrusa'' helps the student learn ''how'' to learn. Yeshiva students are usually advised to have one of each of these three types of ''chavrusas'' in order to develop on all three levels.<ref name="zobin">{{Cite book|pages=104&ndash;106|title=Breakthrough to Learning Gemora: A concise, analytical guide|author=Zobin|first=Zvi|year=1996|publisher=Kest-Lebovits}}<cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFZobin1996">Zobin, Zvi (1996). ''Breakthrough to Learning Gemora: A concise, analytical guide''. Kest-Lebovits. pp.&nbsp;<span class="nowrap">104–</span>106.</cite></ref> A maara Beth Medrash Govoha na Lakewood Township, New Jersey maka "ụbọchị ọgba aghara" ya na mbido ''z'man'' ọ bụla (semester), mgbe ọtụtụ puku ụmụ akwụkwọ na-agwakọta n'èzí na ebumnuche nke ịhọrọ ''chavrusa'' maka okwu ọhụrụ ahụ.<ref name="ywn">{{Cite web|url=http://www.theyeshivaworld.com/article.php?p=22878|title=Video & Photos: Chavrusa Tumult at BMG|date=1 September 2008|accessdate=26 June 2011|work=[[Yeshiva World News]]}}</ref> "Ụbọchị ọgba aghara" yiri nke a na-ewere ọnọdụ n'etiti ọtụtụ narị ụmụ akwụkwọ na isi Brisk yeshiva na Jerusalem, <ref name="ywn" /> na Mir na Jerusalem.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://matzav.com/photos-chavrusah-tumult-in-brisk|author=Bernstein|first=Dovid|publisher=matzav.com|title=Photos: Chavrusah Tumult in Brisk|date=22 October 2009|accessdate=26 June 2011}}</ref> ''Chavrusa'' na-etolite ọbụbụenyi na-adịgide adịgide. Nkwekọrịta a na-ekerịta maka agụmakwụkwọ na uto ọgụgụ isi na-emepụta njikọ chiri anya n'etiti ndị mmekọ ọmụmụ ihe <ref name="bamboo">{{Cite book|title=The Bamboo Cradle: A Jewish father's story|url=https://archive.org/details/bamboocradlejewi0000schw|author=Schwartzbaum|first=Avraham|publisher=[[Feldheim Publishers]]|year=1989|isbn=978-0-87306-459-0}}<cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFSchwartzbaum1989">Schwartzbaum, Avraham (1989). [[The Bamboo Cradle|''The Bamboo Cradle: A Jewish father's story'']]. [[Feldheim Publishers]]. p.&nbsp;193. [[ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-0-87306-459-0|<bdi>978-0-87306-459-0</bdi>]].</cite> Second, revised edition</ref> nke a sịrị na ọ dị nso karịa nke ọtụtụ di na nwunye. <ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bzsRAQAAIAAJ&q=chaver+study+partner|title=Connecting to God: Ancient Kabbalah and modern psychology|author=Weiss|first=Abner|publisher=Bell Tower|year=2005|isbn=978-1-4000-8334-3}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GM11AAAAMAAJ&q=chavruta|title=Journey to Tradition: The odyssey of a born-again Jew|author=Levin|first=Michael Graubart|publisher=Ktav Publishing House|year=1986|isbn=978-0-88125-093-0}}</ref> == ''chavrusa'' ụmụ nwanyị == [[Faịlụ:The_students_a_Midreshet_Shilat.JPG|thumb|Ụmụ akwụkwọ nwanyị na-amụ ihe gbasara ''chavrusa'' na Midreshet Shilat na Israel]] Yeshivas ụmụ nwanyị nke gụnyere ọmụmụ Talmud na usoro mmụta na-emekarị oge ọmụmụ chavrusa maka ụmụ akwụkwọ ha.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0NrIPT7KWTYC&pg=PT243|pages=243&ndash;244|title=Contemporary American Judaism: Transformation and renewal|first=Dana|author=Evan Kaplan|year=2009|publisher=Columbia University Press|isbn=978-0-231-13728-7}}</ref> Na seminarị ụmụ nwanyị Ọtọdọks, a na-ejikọta ụmụ akwụkwọ na ndị mmekọ ọmụmụ nwere ike hà nhata ma ọ bụ karịa iji mụta Halakha, Chumash, Nkà ihe ọmụma ndị Juu, ma ọ bụ isiokwu ọ bụla ọzọ na okpukpe ndị Juu.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.judaismlive.com/templates/articlecco_cdo/aid/642795/jewish/Chavruta.htm|title=Ladies' Chavruta Learning|publisher=Lubavitch Centre of Leeds|year=2011|accessdate=26 June 2011|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090220232336/http://www.judaismlive.com/templates/articlecco_cdo/aid/642795/jewish/Chavruta.htm|archivedate=20 February 2009}}</ref> N'afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya, a kwalitela mmekọrịta ọmụmụ ekwentị maka ụmụ nwanyị dị ka ''Kiruv'' (Okpukpọ ndị Juu Ọtọdọks) na Israel <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.jewishmediaresources.com/1039/a-torah-revolution-in-need-of-troops|title=A Torah Revolution in Need of Troops|first=Jonathan|author=Rosenblum|work=[[Mishpacha]]|date=27 December 2006|accessdate=10 April 2013}}</ref> na dị ka nhọrọ maka ndị na-arụsi ọrụ ike. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.jewishpressads.com/pageroute.do/40173|title=Chavrusa, Anyone?|first=Tova|author=Younger|work=[[The Jewish Press]]|date=22 July 2009|accessdate=10 April 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120807044238/http://www.jewishpressads.com/pageroute.do/40173|archivedate=7 August 2012}}</ref> Yosef Chaim Sonnenfeld, Chief Rabbi of Mandatory Palestine, na-akọ na ya na nwunye ya na-eme chavrusa ọkara awa, n'oge ha na-amụ ''Orach Chayim''.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VgwmAQAAIAAJ&q=chavruta|title=Journal of Halacha and Contemporary Society, Volumes 7&ndash;10|publisher=Yeshiva Rabbi Jacob Joseph School|year=1984}}</ref> == Ekwentị na ''chavrusa'' n'ịntanetị == [[Faịlụ:ראיון_על_החברותא_המרתקת_המשניות_הרב_יונתן_שטנצל_עם_הרב_אהרון_קסטל_עם_שלמה_ויינר_עלון_קביעותא.pdf|thumb|Otu esi emepụta nkuzi na ekwentị nke mmụta mishna]] N'afọ 1997, Partners in Torah bụ nzukọ mbụ wepụrụ ụdị mmụta ''chavrusa'' site na yeshiva na ụlọ nzukọ wee banye na ọmụmụ ekwentị.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.jta.org/news/article/1999/07/27/3037/FOCUSONISSUESInt|title=Focus on Issues: Interested in studying Torah? It's just a telephone call away|first=Sam|author=Selig|date=27 July 1999|accessdate=10 April 2013|work=[[Jewish Telegraphic Agency]]|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20130704041434/http://www.jta.org/news/article/1999/07/27/3037/FOCUSONISSUESInt|archivedate=2013-07-04}}</ref> N'ime afọ 2000, ọtụtụ ọrụ [[Intanet|Ịntanetị]] n'efu malitere ijikọ ndị mmekọ ọmụmụ gburugburu ụwa site na iji videoconferencing na Skype hook-ups. === Akpụkpọ ụkwụ ekwentị''chavrusa'' === * TorahMates, mmemme chavrusa n'efu nke mba na-enweghị uru Oorah, na-enye ndị ọrụ afọ ofufo nwere ihe ọmụma na ụmụ akwụkwọ na-adịghị ike iji mụọ isiokwu ndị Juu ọ bụla ha họọrọ, na ndị nhazi na ndị ọrụ iji hụ na mmekọrịta ahụ na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma. * Ndị mmekọ na Torah - nke e guzobere na 1991 dị ka mmemme ọmụmụ otu onye maka ndị nne na nna ụlọ akwụkwọ ụbọchị ndị Juu n'okpuru nchebe nke Torah Umesorah, National Society for Hebrew Day Schools. Na mbụ, mmemme ahụ nyere naanị mmụta n'onwe ya mana ọ gbakwunyere mmekọrịta ọmụmụ ekwentị na 1997. Ka ọ na-erule n'afọ 2017, ihe karịrị ụmụ nwoke na ụmụ nwanyị 72,000 sitere n'obodo 2,337 dị na mba 39 esonyewo na mmekọrịta ọmụmụ ekwentị kwa izu.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://greatnonprofits.org/org/partners-in-torah|title=Great Non Profits|date=|publisher=[[Partners in Torah]]|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110615073827/http://www.partnersintorah.org/about/|archivedate=15 June 2011|accessdate=26 June 2011}}</ref> N'afọ 2016, ndị mmekọ na Torah ghọrọ otu nwere onwe ha.  * Jnet - nke e guzobere na 2006, ọrụ a nke Merkos L'Inyonei Chinuch jikọtara ụmụ nwoke na ụmụ nwanyị na ndị ọrụ afọ ofufo Chabad maka mmụta ndị Juu <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.shturem.org/index.php?mod=print&section=news&id=18653|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110728021956/http://www.shturem.org/index.php?mod=print&section=news&id=18653|archivedate=July 28, 2011|title=Long Distance Partners|author=Margolis|first=N.|publisher=shturem.org|date=7 September 2007|accessdate=26 June 2011}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://crownheights.info/general/1741/telephone-torah/|title=Telephone Torah|date=10 March 2006|accessdate=10 April 2013|publisher=CrownHeights.info}}</ref> === Akpụkpọ ụkwụ n'ịntanetị''chavrusa'' === * Chavrusamatch - nke onye nkuzi Baltimore Torah malitere na 2012, ọrụ a na-ejikọta ma ụmụ nwoke ma ụmụ nwanyị na ndị mmekọ mpaghara ma ọ bụ nke ụwa n'ịntanetị, site na ekwentị, ma ọ bụ nkwurịta okwu vidiyo <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://matzav.com/chavrusamatchcom-to-be-launched-tomorrow|title=Chavrusamatch.com To Be Launched Tomorrow|first=Rabbi Ari|author=Koretzky|publisher=matzav.com|date=31 July 2012|accessdate=3 April 2013}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://chavrusamatch.com/about|title=About|publisher=Chavrusamatch.com|year=2013|accessdate=3 April 2013}}</ref> * D.A.F. Online ''chavrusa'' Database - na-enye postings n'ịntanetị nke ndị mmadụ na-achọ chavrusa, onye nkuzi, ma ọ bụ nwa akwụkwọ <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://chavrusa.dafyomi.co.il/|title=D.A.F.'s Online Chavrusa Database|publisher=Kollel Iyun HaDaf|year=2012|accessdate=3 April 2013}}</ref> * International Chevruta Exchange - na-ejikọ ndị mmekọ mmụta site na mkparịta ụka vidiyo n'ịntanetị ma ọ bụ teleconferencing, yana onye nduzi nwere ike ịza ajụjụ gbasara ihe a na-amụ <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.torahwithoutborders.org/about|title=About|publisher=Torah Without Borders|accessdate=3 April 2013|archivedate=7 April 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130407001911/http://www.torahwithoutborders.org/about}}</ref> * Israel Chavruta Initiative - ọrụ nke Yeshivat Hesder Nahar-Deiah nke Naịariya <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.nahariya.co.il/Eng/Index.asp?ArticleID=155&CategoryID=84|title=About|publisher=Yeshivat Hesder Nahar-Deiah Nahariya|accessdate=26 June 2011|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100511010558/http://www.nahariya.co.il/Eng/Index.asp?ArticleID=155&CategoryID=84|archivedate=11 May 2010}}</ref> * Chavrusa n'ịntanetị - na-ejikọ ndị mmekọ ọmụmụ site na Skype * Project Zug - na-ejikọta ụmụ akwụkwọ na chavrusa dabere na mmasị ha nyere n'oge ndebanye aha, ma ọ bụ na-enye ha ka ha sonyere enyi ha, ma na-enye akwụkwọ na nduzi <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.projectzug.org/|title=Find a Learning Partner|publisher=Project Zug|year=2016|accessdate=25 June 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://ejewishphilanthropy.com/how-a-jewish-learning-program-surprised-me/|title=How a Jewish Learning Program Surprised Me|work=ejewishphilanthropy.com|date=13 July 2017|language=en-US|accessdate=2017-07-16}}</ref> * Virtual Chavruta - na-enye ndị nkuzi site na videoconferencing <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.prweb.com/releases/Torah-study/tutoring-web-site/prweb4372054.htm|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100818013407/http://www.prweb.com/releases/Torah-study/tutoring-web-site/prweb4372054.htm|archivedate=August 18, 2010|title=TorahTutors.org Introduces One-on-One, Text-Based Torah Study Tutoring Web Site|date=10 August 2010|accessdate=26 June 2011|publisher=PR Web}}</ref> * TorahMates - ọrụ nke Oorah, na-enye ''chavrusa'' n'ụlọ, site na ekwentị, na n'ịntanetị, ma na-enyekwa ihe mmụta n'efu <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.torahmates.org/Why_TorahMates.html|title=Why Torah Mates|publisher=[[Oorah (organization)|Oorah]]|accessdate=10 April 2013|archivedate=19 October 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131019143000/http://www.torahmates.org/Why_TorahMates.html}}</ref> * WebYeshiva - nke e guzobere na 2007, ọrụ a na-enye yeshiva na ''chavrusa'' mmụta n'ịntanetị <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.webyeshiva.org/jewish-learning-jewish-study-torah-learning|title=About Us|publisher=[[WebYeshiva]]|accessdate=26 June 2011|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110718154207/http://www.webyeshiva.org/jewish-learning-jewish-study-torah-learning|archivedate=18 July 2011}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BmL6Ya5P998C&pg=PA67|title=Mediating Faiths: Religion and socio-cultural change in the twenty-first century|author=Bailey|first=Michael|publisher=[[Ashgate Publishing|Ashgate]]|year=2011|isbn=978-0-7546-6786-5}}</ref> * The Pearl Matlin Lev L'Lev Program - Ndị mmekọ na Torah maka Ụmụaka na Ndị okenye nwere mkpa pụrụ iche, site na Skype ma ọ bụ na ekwentị. == Ọrụ Limmud Chavruta == E hiwere ọrụ Limmud Chavruta na mba United Kingdom n'afọ 1996 ma malite ya n'ụwa niile n'afọ 2009, ọ na-emepụta ntuziaka ọmụmụ kwa afọ maka mmụta ụdị chavrusa. Akwụkwọ ntuziaka ọmụmụ ihe ndị a, nke gụnyere ederede isi mmalite gbasara isiokwu dịka "Ọrụ", "Ihe Okike", "Oge", na "Ego", ka a na-ewepụta na ogbako kwa afọ nke òtù mmụta Britain-Juu..<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.limmud.org/publications/chavruta/|title=The Limmud Chavruta Project|year=2013|accessdate=9 April 2013|publisher=Limmud.org}}</ref> == Ojiji ndị ọzọ == === Echiche ndị Zionist === Onye na-eche echiche banyere okpukpe Zionist bụ A. D. Gordon jiri okwu ahụ bụ chavrusa zoo aka na ọha mmadụ, dịka moshav, kibbutz, ma ọ bụ njikọ ndị ọrụ, nke na-arụ ọrụ dị ka njikọ agụmakwụkwọ onwe onye na usoro agụmakwụkwọ mmekọrịta ọha na eze buru ibu. N'echiche ndị Zionist, chavrusa bụ "ngwa ọrụ dị mkpa n'ọgụ maka mweghachi nke ndị Juu, mweghachi nke onye ọ bụla, na isi ihe dị mkpa nke echiche nke 'ọrụ'. Ọ bụ ngosipụta kachasị elu nke mgbalị pụrụ iche nke onye Juu iji mee ka onwe ya dịghachi ọhụrụ site na 'ọrụ', iji jikọta ya na okike, na ịkụ osisi nwere ọtụtụ alaka nke mba ya n'ala ebe ewepụrụ ya.". === Magazin ''Chavrusa'' === ''Chavrusa'' bụ aha magazin nke Rabbinic Alumni nke Rabbi Isaac Elchanan Theological Seminary, nke e bipụtara kemgbe ngwụcha afọ 1950.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.yutorah.org/search/|title=Search: Chavrusa Magazine|publisher=YU Torah Online|accessdate=26 June 2011}}</ref> === Magazin ''Havruta'' === ''Havruta'' magazine is a publication of the Pardes Institute of Jewish Studies. == Hụkwa == * ''Chaber'' * ''Talmid Haver'' * Ọmụmụ Torah * Usoro ihe omume abụọ == Edemsibia == {{Reflist|35em}} == Ịgụ ihe ọzọ == * [https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-94-007-0354-4_24# ''"Havruta: Gịnị ka anyị maara na Gịnị ka anyị nwere ike ịtụ anya ịmụta site n'ịmụ akwụkwọ na Havruta?"''] nke Elie Holzer na Orit Kent. International Handbook of Jewish Education, Vol. 5, 2011, peeji nke 407-417, DOI 10.1007/978-94-007-0354-4_24&nbsp; * "'Ma ọ bụ onye mmekọ Hevruta ma ọ bụ ọnwụ': Echiche dị oke egwu na akụkụ mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya nke Hevruta Learning" nke Elie Holzer. Journal of Jewish Education, Vol. 75, Mbipụta 2, 2009, peeji nke 130-149, DOI 10.1080/15244110902856492&nbsp; * "Ọ nwere ike ịbụ omume kachasị mma na ụlọ akwụkwọ iwu?" nke Barbara Pinkerton Blumenfeld dere. ''Willamette Journal of International Law & Dispute Resolution'', 2010 [[Otú:Pages with unreviewed translations]] cs2jqblwtdmqqggan8whk0enj1ys881 0 73566 727514 597592 2026-09-24T05:01:27Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727514 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Belcalis Marlenis Almánzar''' (onye a na-akpọbu '''Cephus''' ; amụrụ ya na Ọktoba 11, 1992), nke a maara dịka '''Cardi B''' n'ọrụ ya, bụ onye rap [[United States|Amerịka]]. A mụrụ ma zụlite ya na [[New York City]], a maara ya maka egwu rap ya na-akpali na egwu ya na-ekwu okwu nke ọma. Kemgbe ọ malitere ọrụ egwu ya na 2016 ma wepụta egwu abụọ ya, a kpọtụrụ aha Cardi B maka ọrụ ya n'inyere aka mee ka mkpa ụmụ nwanyị na-agụ egwu rap dịkwuo elu n'egwu a ma ama. ==Ndụ mbụ== [[File:Charlotte Street - Bronx.jpg|thumb|250px|right|E be amụrụ Cardi B]] A mụrụ Belcalis Marlenis Almánzar na Ọktoba 11, 1992, na mpaghara [[:en:Manhattan|Manhattan]], [[New York City]]. Nna ya Carlos bụ onye {{ill|Dominican Republic|en}} na nne ya Clara bụ onye {{ill|Trinidad and Tobago|en}}; Almánzar mepụtara aha ogbo ahụ "Cardi B" dịka mpụta nke {{ill|Bacardi|en}}, akara rọm nke bụbu aha njirimara ya.<ref>{{cite web |date=April 2, 2021 |title=Cardi B talks of her 'Afro-Latina' roots to educate people on race and nationality |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/lifestyle/life-style/cardi-b-talks-of-her-afro-latina-roots-to-educate-people-on-race-and-nationality-7255782/lite/}}</ref> O nwere nwanne nwanyị tọrọ, Hennessy Carolina, onye a mụrụ na 1995. Ọ gara ụlọ akwụkwọ Renaissance High School for Musical Theater & Technology, ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị ọrụ, Belcalis na-asụ [[:en:Spanish language|Spanish]] na [[English]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.ebony.com/news/cardi-b-emotional-talking-students-high-school/|title=Cardi B Gets Emotional Talking to Students at Her High School |work=Ebony |date=November 30, 2018 }}</ref> Mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na ụma, Cardi B na-arụrụ ọrụ n'ụlọ ahịa ihe nri na Tribeca. A chụrụ ya n'ọrụ wee bụrụ onye ịgba egwu n'otu ụlọ ịgba egwu dị n'ofe okporo ụzọ, o kwuru na ọ ghọrọ onye na-apụnara mmadụ ihe iji gbanarị ịda ogbenye na ime ihe ike n'ime ụlọ, ebe ọ nọ na mmekọrịta mkparị n'oge ahụ mgbe a chụpụrụ ya n'ụlọ nne ya, na ịkwapụ ya bụ naanị ụzọ ya iji nweta ego zuru ezu iji gbanarị ọnọdụ ahụ wee nweta akwụkwọ. Ọ gara Borough nke Manhattan Community College tupu emechaa hapụ ya. Mgbe ọ na-eyipụ ihe, Cardi B ghaara nne ya ụgha site n'ịgwa ya na ọ na-enweta ego site n'ilekọta nwa.<ref name="Decker">{{Cite magazine|url=https://www.harpersbazaar.com/celebrity/latest/g20634894/cardi-b-trivia-facts/|title=You Definitely Didn't Know These Fun Facts About Cardi B|last=Decker|first=Megan|date=May 14, 2018|magazine=Harper's BAZAAR|language=en-US|access-date=May 7, 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.popsugar.com/celebrity/Who-Cardi-B-43830130 |title=7 Fun Facts About Cardi B, the Feminist Rapper Taking Over the Music Industry |first=Terry |last=Carter |website=Popsugar.com |date=August 2, 2018 |access-date=October 27, 2018}}</ref> Na 2013, ọ malitere nweta mgbasa ozi n'ihi ọtụtụ vidiyo ya na-agbasa na mgbasa ozi ọha, na Vine na ibe [[:en:Instagram|Instagram]] ya.<ref name="fader1">{{cite magazine|author=Kameir, Rawiwa|date=June 22, 2017|title=Cardi B Did It Her Way|url=http://www.thefader.com/2017/06/22/cardi-b-cover-story-interview|magazine=The Fader|access-date=July 17, 2017}}</ref> == Ọrụ == Ndekọ studio izizi ya, ''[[:en:Invasion of Privacy|Invasion of Privacy]]'' (2018), gbara arụkwaghịm n'elu Billboard 200 nke nwere nnukwu egwu egwu ụmụ nwanyị rap na-enuba izu niile wee bụrụ onye kacha ere na album rap nwanyị kacha nwee asambodo nke narị afọ nke 21.<ref name="tnyt">{{Cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/04/10/arts/music/cardi-b-invasion-of-privacy-review.html |title=Cardi B Is a New Rap Celebrity Loyal to Rap's Old Rules on 'Invasion of Privacy' |last=Caraminaca |first=Jon |date=April 10, 2018 |work=The New York Times |access-date=April 15, 2018}}</ref> O mere Cardi B onye mbụ na-ese ihe n'akụkọ ihe mere eme iji nweta onyinye {{ill|Grammy Awards|en}} maka Album Rap kacha mma.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.billboard.com/pro/cardi-b-beyonce-the-most-simultaneous-hot-100-hits-women/ |title=Cardi B Bests Beyonce for the Most Simultaneous Hot 100 Hits Among Women |last=Trust |first=Gary |date=March 16, 2018 |magazine=Billboard |access-date=March 16, 2018}}</ref> Nọmba US nke atọ ya-otu, mmekorita "Girls Like You" na 2018, mere ka ọ bụrụ nwanyị mbụ rapper nwetara ọtụtụ egwu diamond RIAA. Album nke abụọ nke Cardi B, ''[[:en:Am I the Drama?|Am I the Drama?]]'' (2025), mere ya naanị nwanyị rapper na akụkọ ihe mere eme nwere album abụọ mbụ ya mpụta mbụ n'elu Billboard 200. Ọ ghọrọ album rap nwanyị nke nwere asambodo kachasị elu nke 2020s, izu kachasị n'ime iri abụọ na abụọ n'ime bọọdụ iri abụọ na abụọ. Cardi B bụ nwanyị rapper nke nwere ọnụ ọgụgụ kasị elu-otu (ise) na Billboard Hot 100.<ref>{{Cite magazine |last=Caulfield |first=Keith |date=September 28, 2025 |title=Cardi B Scores Second No. 1 Album on Billboard 200 With 'AM I THE DRAMA?' |url=https://www.billboard.com/music/chart-beat/cardi-b-am-i-the-drama-numer-one-billboard-200-chart-1236077406/ |access-date=September 28, 2025 |magazine=[[:en:Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]}}</ref> Ọ gara n'ihu bụ onye rapper nwanyị kachasị elu nke oge niile na ahịa dijitalụ US (nde 69). Na mgbakwunye, ''Invasion of Privacy'' bụ album rap nke nwanyị kachasị agbasa na Apple Music na Spotify. Cardi B emeriela ihe nrite Grammy, ihe nrite egwu egwu Billboard kacha (8), {{ill|Guinness World Records|en}} (8), BET Hip Hop Awards (14), na ASCAP Songwriter of the Year awards (2) n'etiti ụmụ nwanyị rapper, isii American Music Awards na anọ MTV Video Music Awards.<ref>{{Cite web |date=December 21, 2018 |title=10 record-breaking celebrity achievements from 2018 |url=https://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/news/2018/12/10-record-breaking-celebrity-achievements-from-2018-552082/ |access-date=May 1, 2022 |website=Guinness World Records|language=en-gb}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Most RIAA Diamond singles for a female artist |url=https://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/world-records/692097-most-riaa-diamond-singles-for-a-female-artist |access-date=May 1, 2022 |website=Guinness World Records|date=February 6, 2022 |language=en-gb}}</ref> Oge depụtara ya dị ka otu n'ime mmadụ 100 kacha nwee mmetụta n'ụwa na 2018, ebe Billboard kpọrọ ya nwanyị nke afọ na 2020 wee họrọ mwakpo nke nzuzo dị ka ọba rap nwanyị kachasị elu nke 2010s.<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.billboard.com/articles/news/awards/9418384/cardi-b-first-woman-repeat-songwriter-of-the-year-ascap-rhythm-soul-awards|title=Cardi B Is First Woman to Repeat as Songwriter of the Year at ASCAP's Rhythm & Soul Awards|magazine=Billboard|date=July 15, 2020|access-date=March 15, 2026|archive-date=July 16, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200716004827/https://www.billboard.com/articles/news/awards/9418384/cardi-b-first-woman-repeat-songwriter-of-the-year-ascap-rhythm-soul-awards|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Mmekọrịta onwe onye== N'afọ 2017, Cardi B malitere ịlụ rapper {{ill|Offset|en}} ma ha lụọ, ọ mụrụ nwa nwanyị na 2018. Na 2020, a kọrọ na ọ gbara akwụkwọ maka ịgba alụkwaghịm.<ref>{{cite web|title=Cardi B announces birth of daughter on Instagram|url=https://abcnews.go.com/amp/Entertainment/wireStory/cardi-announces-birth-daughter-instagram-56511854|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180713233411/https://abcnews.go.com/amp/Entertainment/wireStory/cardi-announces-birth-daughter-instagram-56511854|archive-date=July 13, 2018|access-date=July 11, 2018|work=ABC News}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|date=September 15, 2020|title=Cardi B files for divorce from Offset after 3 years of marriage|url=https://www.eonline.com/au/news/1188154/cardi-b-files-for-divorce-from-offset-after-3-years-of-marriage|website=eonline.com}}</ref> Cardi B apụtakwala n'ọtụtụ ihe nkiri.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/08/17/fashion/cardi-b-bodak-yellow.html|title=An Afternoon With Cardi B as She Makes Money Moves|first=Joanna|last=Nikas|date=August 17, 2017|access-date=October 4, 2017|website=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> ==Ntụaka== {{reflist}} ei9jz1awj45fvi1cg7jcl8kq1ytwm95 0 75329 727443 719120 2026-09-23T23:55:52Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727443 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faịlụ:Austin Ejide (cropped).jpg|thumb|Austin Ajide]] '''Augustine "Austin" Amamchukwu Ejide''' {{Audio|LL-Q33578 (ibo)-Vivian Amalachukwu-Augustine "Austin" Amamchukwu Ejide.wav|Listen}}<sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable">[[:File:LL-Q33578 (ibo)-Vivian Amalachukwu-Augustine "Austin" Amamchukwu Ejide.wav|ⓘ]]</sup> MON (amụrụ n'ụbọchị nke 8 n'ọnwa Eprel n'afọ 1984) bụ onye Naijiria bụbu onye na-agba bọọlụ nke na-agba dịka Onye na-edebe goolu. Ejide gbara bọọlụ maka Gabros International na Bastia na Corsica, nke gbara ọsọ na Ligue 2. Ọ gbara bọọlụ maka otu egwuregwu Israel bụ Hapoel Be'er Sheva ruo n'ọnwa Mee afọ 2015, ma mesịa gbaa bọọlụ na Hapoel Hadera. A mụrụ Ejide na Onitsha, Anambra steeti. Ọ malitere ọrụ ya na Gabros International ebe ọ na-eme nke ọma tupu ọ banye Étoile du Sahel . Ya na klọb Tunisia, ọ rutere CAF Champions League ugboro abụọ. Na 2006, Ejide sonyeere Bastia nke French Ligue 2, ebe ọ nọrọ afọ atọ tupu ọ kwaga ụlọ ọgbakọ Israel Hapoel Petah Tikva, ebe o nyeere ndị otu ahụ aka ka ha ghara ịdaba. Ejide kwagara Hapoel Be'er Sheva na 2012, ebe ọ na-egwuri egwu ruo na njedebe nke oge 2014–15. Na 2017–18, Ejide mere ngosi 27 wee dobe mpempe akwụkwọ iri na ise dị ọcha. Ntugharị a nwetara nkwalite Hapoel Hadera na Premier League nke Israel. == Ọrụ mba ụwa == Ejide made his debut for [[Nigeria national football team|Nigeria]] against Namibia on 16 June 2001.<ref name="fifa">{{Cite news|url=https://www.fifa.com/worldcup/players/player=184856/profile-detail.html|title=Austine EJIDE|accessdate=20 June 2014|publisher=FIFA|archive-date=14 June 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140614163745/http://www.fifa.com/worldcup/players/player=184856/profile-detail.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> He has been named in three FIFA World Cup squads: 2002 in Japan and South Korea, 2010 in South Africa, and 2014 in Brazil. He has also been a member of the Super Eagles' squad at five Africa Cup of Nations tournaments: 2004, 2006, 2008, 2010 and 2013, winning the competition in the latter. In 2013, he was selected for Nigeria's squad at the FIFA Confederations Cup.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/22827902|title=Nigeria to take new-look squad to Confederations Cup|date=9 June 2013|accessdate=10 June 2013|publisher=BBC Sport}}</ref> Na 2008, Africa Cup of Nations nke e mere na [[Ghana]], onye nkuzi Naijiria Berti Vogts họọrọ Ejide dị ka onye na-edebe goolu mbụ, n'ihu [[Vincent Enyeama]], na egwuregwu anọ niile nke Super Eagles. Na 21 Jenụwarị 2008, ọ gbara egwuregwu mbụ ya na AFCON ka Naịjirịa meriri Ivory Coast 2-1 na egwuregwu mbụ nke Group B. Otú ọ dị, ọ nọgidere na-enweghị ihe ọ bụla na Naịjirịja 0-0 draw na Mali na 2-0 mmeri na Benin. == Ndụ onwe onye == Aha ya, Amamchukwu, pụtara "''Amaara m Chineke''". == Nsọpụrụ == '''Iwu''' * Onye otu Order of the Niger <ref>{{Cite news|author=Okeleji|first=Oluwashina|authorlink=Oluwashina Okeleji|date=13 February 2013|title=Presidential reward for Super Eagles|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/21450619|work=BBC|accessdate=19 March 2024}}</ref>[[Faịlụ:Order_of_the_Niger_civil_division_ribbon.svg|60x60px]] == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == <templatestyles src="Sister project/styles.css"></templatestyles> * Player profile – SC-Bastia.comnaỤgbọ Mmiri Wayback (nke e debere na 2006-12-06) * Austin EjidenaÌgwè Ndị ỌrụEgwuregwu bọọlụ (n'asụsụ French) * Austin Ejidena National-Football-Teams.com * Austin Ejiden'okporo ụzọ bọọlụ [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] avrd3zblak9uxln2k5zycax229zlw2q 0 75597 727417 692356 2026-09-23T15:04:20Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727417 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles>  [[Faịlụ:Steenwerck - Forum « Jésus le Messie » 2014 - Annie Laurent - 3.jpg|thumb|Annie Laurent]] '''Annie Laurent''' (amụrụ na June 3, 1949)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11911317v.public|title=Notice de personne|publisher=BNF Catalog|language=fr|accessdate=4 April 2020}}</ref> bụ onye France na-ede akụkọ na onye sayensị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị. == Ọrụ == N'afọ 1983, Laurent nwetara nzere masta na iwu mba ụwa, n'afọ 1986, ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na nzere doctorate na sayensị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na Mahadum Paris II Panthéon-Assas n'okpuru nlekọta nke Pierre-Marie Dupuy.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.sudoc.abes.fr/xslt/DB=2.1//SRCH?IKT=12&TRM=041300335&COOKIE=U10178,Klecteurweb,I250,B341720009+,SY,NLECTEUR+WEBOPC,D2.1,Ebbd721d8-0,A,H,R71.227.117.13,FY|title=SUDOC Annie Laurent|publisher=SUDOC|language=fr|accessdate=4 April 2020|archive-date=25 December 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241225201819/https://www.sudoc.abes.fr/xslt/DB=2.1/SRCH?IKT=12&TRM=041300335&COOKIE=U10178,Klecteurweb,I250,B341720009+,SY,NLECTEUR+WEBOPC,D2.1,Ebbd721d8-0,A,H,R71.227.117.13,FY|url-status=dead}}</ref> N'afọ 1980, Laurent na Renée Conan gbara ụmụ nwanyị ndị na-emegide nuklia na Plogoff ajụjụ ọnụ, wee bipụta akwụkwọ ''Femmes de Plogoff'' n'afọ 1981.<ref> name="plog">/)</ref> N'agbata afọ 1988 na 1992, Laurent dezigharịrị akwụkwọ akụkọ ''Libanoscopie'' na [[Lebanon|Lebanọn]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.capsud-mediterranee.fr/annie-laurent|title=Annie Laurent|publisher=Centre Anthropologique de Provence Sud Méditerranée|language=fr|date=2021|accessdate=20 September 2023}}</ref> [[Pope Benedict XVI|Popu Benedict nke Iri na Isii]] họpụtara ya dịka ọkachamara na ''Synode spécial des évêques pour le Moyen-Orien''t, nke e mere na Rom n'ọnwa Ọktoba afọ 2010.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cath.ch/newsf/17-membres-nommes-par-benoit-xvi-et-70-experts-et-auditeurs/|title=Rome : Le Vatican publie les noms des participants au Synode sur le Moyen-Orient|publisher=Catholic Church Switzerland|language=fr|date=5 October 2010|accessdate=3 April 2020}}</ref> N'afọ 2009, o guzobere otu Clarifier, otu ndị Katọlik na-eme ntọghata.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.la-croix.com/Religion/A-Lyon-forum-pour-evangeliser-musulmans-questions-2017-02-07-1200823135|title=À Lyon, un forum pour " évangéliser " les musulmans et des questions|work=La Croix|date=7 February 2017|language=fr}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|work=Aleteia|url=https://fr.aleteia.org/2015/12/01/lislam-est-fragile/|title=" L'islam est fragile "|author=Sylvain Dorient|date=1 December 2015|accessdate=4 April 2020}}</ref> Akwụkwọ Laurent bụ ''L'Europe malade de la Turquie'' bụ onye mmeri nke Prix Henry Malherbe n'afo 2006.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.librarything.com/bookaward/Prix+Henry+Malherbe+de+l%27AEC|title=Prix Henry Malherbe|accessdate=4 April 2020}}</ref> == Ọrụ ndị ahọpụtara == * ''Ụmụ nwanyị nke Plogoff'' (1981)<ref name="plog">{{Cite book|language=fr|author=Renée Conan|title=Femmes de Plogoff|publisher=La Digitale|date=31 January 1981|isbn=978-2-903383-05-3}}<cite class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFRenée_ConanAnnie_Laurent1981">Renée Conan; Annie Laurent (31 January 1981). ''Femmes de Plogoff'' (in French). La Digitale. [[ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-2-903383-05-3|<bdi>978-2-903383-05-3</bdi>]].</cite> [[Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)]]</ref> * ''Na-ebi na Islam? : Echiche Ndị Kraịst banyere okpukpe Muhammad'' (1996) * ''Europe na-arịa ọrịa nke Turkey'' (2005) == Ntụaka == [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Otú:Articles with hCards]] co97lxtudetuf3z7aow3mersu7riybh 0 76656 727531 720638 2026-09-24T06:10:20Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727531 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder | name = Charles Greeley Abbot | image = Dr. Charles G. Abbot with Book.jpg | caption = Dr. Charles Greeley Abbot | order1 = 5th Secretary of the | office1 = Smithsonian Institution | termstart1 = 1928 | termend1 = 1944 | predecessor1 = [[Charles Doolittle Walcott]] | order2 = | office2 = | termstart2 = | termend2 = | predecessor2 = | successor2 = [[Alexander Wetmore]] | birth_date = {{birth date|1872|5|31|}} | birth_place = [[Wilton, New Hampshire]]<ref name=SIAMain/> | death_date = {{death date and age|1973|12|17|1872|5|31}} | death_place = [[Riverdale Park, Maryland]], U.S. | alma_mater = [[Phillips Academy]], [[Massachusetts Institute of Technology]] {{small|([[Bachelor of Science|BS]])}} | spouse = [[Lillian Elvira Moore Abbot]] (m. 1897–1944; death),<ref>{{Cite book |others=National Academy of Sciences|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CNJBdvqbxFIC |title=Biographical Memoirs: Volume 73 |date=1998-07-01 |publisher=National Academies Press |isbn=978-0-309-06031-8 |language=en|page=20}}</ref><br/> Virginia Andes Johnson (m. 1954–1973; death) }} '''Charles Greeley Abbot''' (Mee 31, 1872 - Disemba 17, afọ 1973) bụ onye Amerịka ọkachamara n'ihe gbasara mbara igwe nakwa odeakwụkwọ nke ise na Ụlọ ọrụ Smithsonian, na-arụ ọrụ site n'afọ 1928 wee ruo afọ 1944. <ref name="SIAMain">{{Cite web|title=Charles Greely Abbott, 1872-1973|url=http://siarchives.si.edu/history/charles-greely-abbot|work=Smithsonian History|publisher=[[Smithsonian Institution Archives]]|accessdate=11 April 2012|date=2011-04-14}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal|author=Roberts, Walter Orr|authorlink=Walter Orr Roberts|title=Charles Greeley Abbot|journal=Physics Today|date=May 1974|volume=27|issue=5|pages=65–67|url=http://www.physicstoday.org/resource/1/phtoad/v27/i5/p65_s1?bypassSSO=1|doi=10.1063/1.3128601|archive-date=2013-09-27|access-date=2026-06-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130927175148/http://www.physicstoday.org/resource/1/phtoad/v27/i5/p65_s1?bypassSSO=1|url-status=dead}}</ref> Abbot si n'ịbụ onye nduzi nke Ụlọ Nchebe Astrophysics nke Smithsonian, ruo n'ịbụ onye enyemaka odeakwụkwọ, wee bụrụ odeakwụkwọ nke Ụlọ ọrụ Smithsonian n'oge ọrụ ya. Dịka ọkachamara n'ihe gbasara mbara igwe, ọ nyochachara ihe ndị na-eme ka anyanwụ na-agbanwe agbanwe, nchọpụta nke mere ka o chepụta ihe na-esi nri anyanwụ, ihe na-eme ka anyanwụ na-agba ọkụ, ihe na-eme ka anyanwụ na-agba ọkụ, na ihe ndị ọzọ e mepụtara ike anyanwụ nke nwere ikike. == Ndụ mbido na agụmakwụkwọ == [[Faịlụ:Charles_Greeley_Abbot_at_Age_Eleven.jpg|áká_èkpè|thumb|Abbot, mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na otu, yana wiil mmiri o mepụtara.]] A mụrụ Charles Greeley Abbot n' obodo Wilton, New Hampshire . <ref name="SIAMain" /> <ref name="Devorkin">{{Cite web|author=Devorkin|first=David H.|title=Charles Greeley Abbot|url=https://www.nasonline.org/directory-entry/charles-g-abbot-w5o3if/|work=Biographical Memoirs|publisher=The National Academies Press|accessdate=11 May 2026}}</ref> Ndị mụrụ ya, Harris Abbot na Caroline Ann Greeley, bụ ndị ọrụ ugbo, ọ bụkwa nwa ikpeazụ n'ime ụmụ anọ. <ref name="Devorkin" /> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://doi.org/10.1093/anb/9780198606697.article.1302322|title=Abbot, Charles Greeley|author=DeVorkin|first=David|work=American National Biography|year=2000|publisher=Oxford University Press|doi=10.1093/anb/9780198606697.article.1302322|accessdate=August 22, 2022|quote=Abbot, Charles Greeley (31 May 1872–17 December 1973), astronomer, was born in Wilton, New Hampshire, the son of Harris Abbot and Caroline Ann Greeley, farmers.}}</ref> Mgbe ọ bụ nwata, ọ rụrụ ma mepụta ọtụtụ ihe, gunyere ihe e ji arụ ọrụ iji rụzie ngwaọrụ, wiil mmiri iji mee ka osisi na-akwọ ụgbọala, na igwe kwụ otu ebe . Ọ kwụsịrị ịga akwụkwọ mgbe ọ dị afọ 13 ka ọ bụrụ onye na-arụ ọrụ ọkwá nkà . Ka afọ abụọ nke ahụ gasịrị, ọ laghachiri ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị . <ref name="ObitA">{{Cite journal|author=Menzel|first=D.H.|title=Charles Greeley Abbot.|journal=Quarterly Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society|year=1977|volume=18|pages=136–139|url=http://adsabs.harvard.edu/full/seri/QJRAS/0018/0000136.000.html|accessdate=11 April 2012}}</ref> Ọ gara Ụlọ akwụkwọ Phillips . <ref name="SIAMain" /> <ref name="ObitA" /> Mgbe enyi ya gara na Boston ịga ule ntinye iji banye na Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Abbot gara maka ohere ịga Boston. Agbanyeghị, mgbe ọ bịarutere, ahụ erughị ya ala ịga Boston naanị ya wee họrọ ịga ule ahụ kama. Ọ gafere, ezinụlọ ya chịkọtara ego iji ziga ya na MIT maka otu afọ. Ọ malitere ịmụ injinia kemịkalụ, mana mechara gaa na [[Ọ̀mụ̀ntụdị|fizik]] . <ref name="ObitA" /> Ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ n'afọ 1894 site na nzere Nna-ukwu nke Sayensị na [[Ọ̀mụ̀ntụdị|fizik]] . <ref name="SIAMain" /> <ref name="Warner">{{Cite web|author=Warner|first=Deborah Jean|title=Biographical Memoirs: Charles Greeley Abbot|url=http://siarchives.si.edu/collections/siris_sic_3703|work=The American Philosophical Society Year Book 1975|publisher=The American Philosophical Society|accessdate=11 April 2012|pages=111–116|year=1975}}</ref> N'oge ọ nọ na Boston, Abbot zutere Samuel P. Langley na kampus MIT mgbe Langley gara ịchọ onye enyemaka. <ref name="ObitA" /> N'afọ 1895, ọ ga-amalite ịrụ ọrụ dịka onye enyemaka na Ụlọ Nchebe Astrophysics nke Smithsonian . <ref name="SIAMain" /> <ref name=EB>{{cite encyclopedia|last=|first=|authorlink=|editor-first=|editor-last=|editor-link=|encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica|title=Abbey, C.G.|edition=15th|year=2010|publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.|volume=I: A-Ak - Bayes|location=Chicago, Illinois|isbn=978-1-59339-837-8|pages=[https://archive.org/details/newencyclopaedia2009ency/page/12 12]|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/newencyclopaedia2009ency/page/12}}</ref> <ref name="SOA1">{{Cite web|title=Abbot Becomes Director of SAO|url=http://siarchives.si.edu/collections/siris_sic_2375|work=Institutional History Division|publisher=Smithsonian Institution Archives|accessdate=11 April 2012|date=March 1907}}</ref> == Ụlọ Nchebe Astrophysics nke Smithsonian == [[Faịlụ:Identified!_(21899747561)_(LOC).jpg|thumb|Charles Greeley Abbot, n'agbata afọ 1913 na 1917]] Mgbe ọ nọ na Ụlọ Nchebe Astrophysics nke Smithsonian (SAO), Abbot na-arụ ọrụ n'okpuru Samuel P. Langley . Langley ga-aga n'ihu ịgbanwe uche ya site na radieshon anyanwụ gaa na mbara igwe, Abbot ga-ewerekwa ọrụ nyocha radieshon anyanwụ. Abbot ga-esonye n'ọtụtụ njem . N'afọ 1900, ya na Langley ga-aga Wadesboro, North Carolina iji hụ ka anyanwụ na-ekpuchi anyanwụ, <ref name="NC">{{Cite web|title=North Carolina Eclipse Expedition of 1900|url=http://siarchives.si.edu/collections/siris_sic_12981|work=Institutional History Division|publisher=Smithsonian Institution Archives|accessdate=11 April 2012|date=1900-05-28}}</ref> wee soro njem ọzọ na-ekpuchi anyanwụ gaa Sumatra n'afọ 1901. N'oge ahụmịhe njem ya, ọ ga-agakwa [[Algeria]], [[Ịjịpt|Egypt]], [[South Africa]], [[Ostraliya|Australia]], na mba ndị ọzọ, ọtụtụ mgbe na mmekorita ya na National Geographic Society . Abbot ga-aghọ onye isi oche nke SAO n'afọ 1906 <ref name="SOA1" /> yana n'afọ 1907, Abbot ghọrọ onye isi nke Ụlọ Nchebe Astrophysics nke Smithsonian, mgbe Samuel P. Langley nwụsịrị. <ref name="SIAMain" /> Ọ bụ ezie na Langley ka bụ onye isi, ọ gara Ugwu Whitney, wee kpebie na ọ ga-abụ ebe dị mma maka ebe a na-ekiri ihe nkiri. Abbot nwetara ego maka ebe a na-enyocha ihe, e wee wuo ya n'afọ 1909. <ref name="WhitneyA">{{Cite web|title=SAO Mount Whitney Shelter Erected|url=http://siarchives.si.edu/collections/siris_sic_11842|work=Institutional History Division|publisher=Smithsonian Institution Archives|accessdate=11 April 2012}}</ref> Dịka onye isi, ọkwa ọ ga-anọ ruo mgbe ọ lara ezumike nká, Abbot meghere ụlọ nyocha Radieshon Bayoloji n'afọ 1929, iji mụọ mmetụta radieshon na osisi, na ihe ndị ọzọ dị ndụ. <ref name="SIAMain" /> <ref name="radiation">{{Cite web|title=Div. of Radiation and Organisms Established|url=http://siarchives.si.edu/collections/siris_sic_704|work=Annual Report of the Smithsonian Institution for the year 1953|publisher=Smithsonian Institution Archives|accessdate=11 April 2012|date=May 1929}}</ref> Nke a nyeere aka ịmepụta usoro mbụ nke ndị nchọpụta bayofiziks na United States. <ref name="SIAMain" /> == Ndụ na ọrụ dị ka odeakwụkwọ Smithsonian == [[Faịlụ:Secretary_Abbot_with_Printouts.jpg|thumb|Abbot nwere akpa jupụtara na mbipụta nke ihe ndị a hụrụ n'anya n'anwụ, n'afọ 1968]] Abbot ga-abụ Osote Odeakwụkwọ na Ụlọ Nchebe Astrophysics nke Smithsonian n'afọ 1918, <ref name="SIAMain" />mgbe Frederick W. True nwụrụ. <ref name="AssSec">{{Cite web|title=C. G. Abbot Named Assistant Secretary|url=http://siarchives.si.edu/collections/siris_sic_218?back=%2Fsearch%2Fsia_search_collections%2FC.%2520G.%2520Abbot%2520Named%2520Assistant%2520Secretary|work=Annual Report of the Smithsonian Institution for the year|publisher=Smithsonian Institution Archives|accessdate=11 April 2012|year=1919}}</ref> N'ọrụ ya dịka Odeakwụkwọ Osote, ọ ga-elekọta Ọbá Akwụkwọ Smithsonian Institution, [[International Exchange Service]], na SAO. <ref name="AssSec" /> O sokwa mepụta akwụkwọ ''Smithsonian Scientific Series'', nke nyeere aka inweta ego maka Smithsonian. <ref name="Devorkin" /> ka afọ iri nke ahụ gasịrị, n'onwa Jenụwarị 10, afọ 1928, ọ ghọrọ Odeakwụkwọ nke ise nke Smithsonian mgbe Charles Doolittle Walcott nwụsịrị. Abbot ga-anọgidekwa n'ọkwa ya dị ka Onye Nduzi nke Astrophysical Observatory. N'afọ 1927, Walcott emechaala atụmatụ atụmatụ nke Smithsonian, nke Abbot were ibu ọrụ ya mgbe a họpụtara ya dị ka Odeakwụkwọ. Smithsonian malitere mkpọsa isi obodo n'afọ 1929, dabara na mmalite nke Great Depression . N'oge ọchịchị a, Abbot lekọtara isonye Smithsonian na ọrụ Works Progress Administration, gụnyere Federal Art Project . Ọrụ ndị a gụnyere ụlọ ọhụrụ na ihe osise na National Zoo, na mmalite nke ọrụ mgbasa ozi mbụ nke Smithsonian, ihe ngosi redio a kpọrọ ''The World is Yours'' . <ref name="SIAMain" /> Ụwa nke Abụọ]] . <ref name="WorldIsYours">{{Cite web|title=World Is Yours is Suspended|url=http://siarchives.si.edu/collections/siris_sic_1013|work=Annual Report of the Smithsonian Institution for the year 1942|publisher=Smithsonian Institution Archives|accessdate=11 April 2012}}</ref> N'afọ 1930s, a kwadoro mmụba maka Ụlọ Mba ihe ngosi nka maka Akụkọ ihe mere eme, nke agaghị amalite ruo afọ 1960s. E bufekwara Ụlọ ọrụ maka Social Anthropology nye Smithsonian n'oge a. <ref name="SIAMain" /> Mgbe Abbot bụ odeakwụkwọ, ọ gaghị enweta National Gallery of Art maka Smithsonian. Ọrụ Abbot na <a href="./United_States_National_Museum" rel="mw:WikiLink" data-linkid="189" data-cx="{&amp;quot;adapted&amp;quot;:false,&amp;quot;sourceTitle&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;title&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;Smithsonian Institution&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;thumbnail&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;source&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Smithsonian_Building_Sunlight.jpg/120px-Smithsonian_Building_Sunlight.jpg&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;width&amp;quot;:80,&amp;quot;height&amp;quot;:48},&amp;quot;description&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;US group of museums and research centers&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;pageprops&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wikibase_item&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;Q131626&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;pagelanguage&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;en&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;targetFrom&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;source&amp;quot;}" class="mw-redirect cx-link" id="mw5g" title="United States National Museum">Ụlọ Mba ihe ngosi nka nke United States</a> dịkwa obere, ọ nọkwa n'okpuru nlekọta bụ isi nke Osote Odeakwụkwọ Alexander Wetmore . <ref name="Devorkin" /> Ọ bụ odeakwụkwọ Smithsonian nke mbụ lara ezumike nká, wee kwụsị ọrụ ya n'onwa Julaị 1, afọ 1944. Mgbe ọ lara ezumike nká, e nyere ya ọkwa Odeakwụkwọ nke ama dika Emeritus <ref name="SIAMain" /> wee gaa n'ihu n'ọrụ nyocha ya. <ref name="Retire1">{{Cite web|title=Charles G. Abbot Retires as Secretary|url=http://siarchives.si.edu/collections/siris_sic_733|work=Annual Report for the Smithsonian Institution for the year 1945.|publisher=Government Printing Office|accessdate=11 April 2012|year=1946}}</ref> A ga-eme oriri ezumike Smithsonian mbụ n'oge ọchịchị ya. N'oriri ahụ, Abbot bụrụ abụ ma kpọọ cello maka ndị na-aga oriri ahụ. Mgbe ọ nọ na Washington, ọ bụ dikọn na Ụka ọgbakọ mbụ. Ọ na-egwurikwa tenis ugboro ugboro n'ọgbọ egwuregwu tenis mbụ di na Ụlọ eze Smithsonian. <ref name="SIAMain" /> == Ndụ mgbe e mesịrị na ihe nketa == N'oge ndụ ya, a họpụtara Abbot ka ọ bụrụ onye otu American Philosophical Society, <ref>{{Cite web|title=APS Member History|url=https://search.amphilsoc.org/memhist/search?creator=Charles+G.+Abbot&title=&subject=&subdiv=&mem=&year=&year-max=&dead=&keyword=&smode=advanced|accessdate=2023-11-06|work=search.amphilsoc.org}}</ref> United States National Academy of Sciences, <ref>{{Cite web|title=Charles G. Abbot|url=https://www.nasonline.org/member-directory/deceased-members/20001278.html|accessdate=2023-11-06|work=www.nasonline.org|archive-date=2023-11-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231106200247/https://www.nasonline.org/member-directory/deceased-members/20001278.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> na American Academy of Arts and Sciences . <ref>{{Cite web|date=2023-02-09|title=Charles Greeley Abbot|url=https://www.amacad.org/person/charles-greeley-abbot|accessdate=2023-11-06|work=American Academy of Arts & Sciences|language=en}}</ref> Na onwa Mee 31,afọ 1955, Smithsonian mere emume ncheta ọmụmụ maka Abbot, na-eme emume ncheta ọmụmụ afọ 83 ya na afọ 60 ya na Smithsonian. Emere emume a na Ụlọ eze Smithsonian ma nye Abbot ihe osise ọla nchara, nke [[Alicia Neatherly]] dere, ma nye ya onyinye na National Gallery of Art . <ref name="Birthday">{{Cite web|title=Celebration of Abbot's 83rd Birthday|url=http://siris-sihistory.si.edu/ipac20/ipac.jsp?session=133411X7GS015.1017&profile=sicall&source=~!sichronology&view=subscriptionsummary&uri=full=3100001~!779~!18&ri=1&aspect=power&menu=search&ipp=20&spp=20&staffonly=&term=Abbot&index=.GW&uindex=&aspect=power&menu=search&ri=1&limitbox_1=LO01+=+sch|work=Annual Report of the Smithsonian Institution for the year 1955|publisher=Smithsonian Institution|accessdate=11 April 2012|year=1955}}</ref> Charles Greeley Abbot nwụrụ, mgbe ọ dị afọ 101 na [[Mérílạnd|Maryland]], na Disemba 17, afọ 1973. <ref name="SIAMain" /> <ref name="Death">{{Cite web|title=Secretary Emeritus Abbot Dies|url=http://siarchives.si.edu/collections/siris_sic_1212|work=Torch|publisher=Smithsonian Institution Archives|accessdate=11 April 2012|date=1 January 1974}}</ref> Ndi American Solar Energy Society nwere ihe nrite akpọrọ maka nsọpụrụ Abbot, nke a na-enye maka onyinye na nyocha ike anyanwụ . <ref name="ASES">{{Cite web|title=Charles Greeley Abbot Award|url=http://www.asesdev.org/about/charles-greeley-abbot-award|publisher=American Solar Energy Society|accessdate=11 April 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110126131449/http://www.asesdev.org/about/charles-greeley-abbot-award|archivedate=26 January 2011}}</ref> A kpọkwara olulu Abbot dị n'elu [[Ọnwa]] aha ya. == Ọrụ nyocha == [[Faịlụ:Secretary_Charles_G._Abbot's_Solar_Cooker_at_Mt._Wilson,_CA.jpg|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|Igwe esi nri anyanwụ nke Abbot di na Ugwu Wilson Observatory.]] Abbot malitere nnyocha ya gbasara mbara igwe nke lekwasịrị anya na radieshon anyanwụ tupu ọ gaa n'ihu na eserese usoro okirikiri dị na mgbanwe anyanwụ . Site na nnyocha a, o nwere olileanya ịgbaso usoro anyanwụ iji mee amụma ọdịdị ihu igwe. <ref name="SIAMain" /> O kwenyere na anyanwụ bụ kpakpando na-agbanwe agbanwe nke metụtara ihu igwe n'ụwa, nke ọtụtụ ndị ọgbọ ya katọrọ. N'afọ 1953, ọ chọpụtara njikọ dị n'etiti mgbanwe anyanwụ na ihu igwe mbara ala. Nchọpụta a mere ka e buru amụma banyere ọdịdị ihu igwe n'ozuzu afọ 50 tupu oge eruo. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ mbara na Smithsonian Institution Shelter, nke e wuru n'oge ọ bụ onye nduzi na SAO, Lick Observatory, na Ugwu Wilson Observatory . Na Lick, ọ rụrụ ọrụ na WW Campbell . Iji lụso ndị nkatọ ọgụ, Abbot ga-eji balọn nwere pyrheliliometers arụnyere na ha maka nha. Ọ bụ onye ọkà mmụta sayensị mbụ na America mere nke a, na balloons ruru ihe karịrị kilomita 25. Otu balloon weghachiri ihe eziokwu nke nyere Abbot aka ikpebi oge anwụ anwụ na ebe kachasị elu nke ikuku ụwa. Mgbe e mesịrị n'ọrụ nyocha ya, o lekwasịrị anya na ojiji ike anyanwụ . <ref name="Devorkin" /> Dịka onye na-akpo ihe egwu, <ref name="Devorkin" /> o mepụtara ihe anyanwụ eji esi nri , nke e wuru na Ugwu Wilson Observatory, <ref name="ObitA" /> nke na-eji ọkụ anyanwụ, <ref name="ObitA" /> ma nwee ikike iri na ise ndị ọzọ metụtara ike anyanwụ . <ref name="SIAMain" /><ref name="Warner" /> Maka nyocha na onyinye ya na sayensị, e nyere Abbot ihe nrite Henry Draper n'afọ 1910 na ihe nrite Rumford n'afọ 1916. <ref name="Devorkin" /> [[Faịlụ:Delegates_to_the_Fourth_Conference_International_Union_for_Cooperation_in_Solar_Research_at_Mount_Wilson_Observatory.jpg|center|thumb|350x350px|Abbot nọ na Nzukọ nke Anọ nke Mba Nile Maka Mmekọrịta na Nnyocha Anyanwụ na Mount Wilson Observatory, afọ 1910]] == Ịgụkwu ihe == ; Akwụkwọ ndị a họpụtara site n'aka Charles Greeley Abbot * ''Nnwale nke "Aerodrome" nke Langley nke afọ 1914.'' Washington, DC: Ụlọ Ọrụ Smithsonian (1942). * ''Akụkọ Banyere Astrophysical Observatory nke Smithsonian Institution.'' Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution (1966). * ''Njem Nlegharị Anya n'Ụwa Sayensị'' . Washington, DC: Ụlọ Ọrụ Mgbasa Ozi Ọha (1958). * "Ntinye Aka nke Ụlọ Ọrụ Smithsonian." ''Sayensị'' . 104.2693 (1946): 116–119. * ''Samuel Pierpont Langley.'' Washington, DC: Ụlọ Ọrụ Smithsonian (1934). * ''Ebe obibi maka ndị na-ekiri ihe na Mount Whitney.'' Washington, DC: Ụlọ Ọrụ Smithsonian (1910). ; Ndekọ Akwụkwọ * Davis, Margaret. "Charles Greeley Abbot." ''Akwụkwọ akụkọ Mahadum George Washington'' . 2: 32:35. * DeVorkin, David H. ""Ịkwado Nrọ: Afọ Charles Greeley Abbot na Smithsonian." ''Akwụkwọ akụkọ maka Akụkọ Ihe Mere Eme nke Agụmakwụkwọ.'' 21.61 (1990): 121–136. * Hoyt, Douglas V. "Mmemme Nchekwa Anyanwụ nke Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory." ''Nyocha nke Geophysics na Space Physics'' . 17.3 (Mee 1979): 427–458 * Oehser, Paul H. ''Ụmụ Sayensị: Akụkọ nke Ụlọ Ọrụ Smithsonian na Ndị Ndú ya.'' New York: Henry Schuman (1949). * Ripley, Sidney Dillon . "Echiche Site na Castle: Amụma ihu igwe ezughị: ihe dị mkpa bụ usoro ịdọ aka ná ntị mbụ iji nyochaa mgbanwe na gburugburu ebe obibi." ''Smithsonian'' . 1.2 (Mee 1970): 2. == Leekwa == * Ndepụta nke ndị dị afọ iri na otu (ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị na ndị ọkà mmụta mgbakọ na mwepụ) == Edesibịa == {{Reflist}} [[Otú:Pages with unreviewed translations]] il7kgae9epxe1nawdogj69t76hp4l37 0 79324 727524 726156 2026-09-24T05:41:31Z NiferO 20385 727524 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />Mwakpo bọmbụ nke afọ 2007 na Batna mere n'ụbọchị nke isii n'ọnwa Septemba afọ 2007 na Batna, bụ́ obodo dị na mpaghara Batna, n'akụkụ ọwụwa anyanwụ Algeria. Bọmbụ ahụ, nke mere obere oge tupu nleta nke onye isi ala Algeria Abdelaziz Bouteflika, kpatara ọnwụ mmadụ iri naise-iri abụọ <ref name=ahn>[http://www.allheadlinenews.com/articles/7008435341 "Suicide Bombing In Algeria Kills 15"] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090424022308/http://www.allheadlinenews.com/articles/7008435341 |date=April 24, 2009 }} AHN News retrieved 10 September 2007</ref> na mmerụ mmadụ 107 ahụ ka onye na-atụ bọmbụ ahụ gbagburu ngwaọrụ ya n'etiti ìgwè mmadụ na-echere ịhụ onye isi ala,<ref name=voa>[http://voanews.com/english/2007-09-06-voa79.cfm "Suicide Bombing Kills 15 in Algeria"] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070909135151/http://voanews.com/english/2007-09-06-voa79.cfm |date=September 9, 2007 }} VOA News retrieved 10 September 2007</ref> onye nọ na njedebe nke njem ụbọchị atọ nke ọwụwa anyanwụ Algeria.<ref name=excite/> and 107 injuries<ref name=bbc>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/6982487.stm "Suicide bomb kills 20 in Algeria"] [[BBC News]] retrieved 10 September 2007</ref><ref name=al>[http://www.aljazeera.com/news/africa/2007/09/2008525143019920248.html "Many dead in Algeria suicide attack"] [[Al Jazeera Media Network|Al Jazeera]] retrieved 10 September 2007</ref> == Bọmbụ ahụ == Onye gburu onwe ya na bọmbụ so n'ìgwè mmadụ na-echere n'èzí ụlọ alakụba Al-Atik <ref name=excite>[http://news.excite.co.uk/international/africa/43149 "16 killed in Algeria bombing attack"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231108105552/http://news.excite.co.uk/international/africa/43149 |date=2023-11-08 }} Excite News retrieved 10 September 2007</ref> mbata nke Onye isi ala Bouteflika mgbe ngwaọrụ ya, "akpa plastik nwere ihe na-agbawa agbawa" na ụzọ "na-agbawa"<ref name=osac>[https://www.osac.gov/Reports/report.cfm?contentID=73152 "Eastern Algeria September 6 Attack"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200504203316/https://www.osac.gov/Home/Error?errorCode=404 |date=2020-05-04 }} Overseas Security and Advisory Council retrieved 10 September 2007</ref> chọpụtara nkeji 45 tupu ọbịbịa Bouteflica. Nke a manyere onye na-atụ bọmbụ, "nwoke dị afọ iri atọ ruo iri atọ na ise" <ref name="excite" /><ref name=ny>[https://www.nytimes.com/2007/09/07/world/africa/07algeria.html?ref=todayspaper "Suicide Bombing Kills 14 in an Algerian Town"] ''[[The New York Times]]'' retrieved 10 September 2007</ref> ka ọ gbanyụọ ngwaọrụ ya n'oge ka ndị uwe ojii bịakwutere ya. <ref name="ahn" /> Otú ọ dị, a maghị ma onye bọmbụ ahụ n'onwe ya gbapụrụ na mgbawa ahụ, <ref name="excite" /> Otú ọ dị ụlọ ọrụ mgbasa ozi Algeria APS kwuru na onye bọmbị ahụ gbapụrụ site na eriri nchebe.<ref name="ahn" /><ref name="excite" />[needs update] == Mmetụta na mmeghachi omume == A kọrọ na n'ụbọchị nke 8 n'ọnwa Septemba, otu Algerian Islamic Salvation Front katọrọ mwakpo ndị ahụ, ịkwado Bouteflika n'ịkpọ ndị mere ihe ahụ "ndị omempụ". Ọ bụ ezie na ọ dịghị onye kwuru na ọ bụ ya kpatara ya ozugbo, onyeisiala Algeria kwuru na ndị agha Islam bụ ndị mere ya. APS kwukwara na onyeisiala ahụ kwuru na "ihe ndị na-eyi ọha egwu enweghị ihe jikọrọ ha na ụkpụrụ dị mma nke Islam", ọ gara leta ndị nwụrụ anwụ merụrụ ahụ n'ụlọ ọgwụ ndị dị nso. N'abalị itoolu n'ọnwa Septemba afọ 2007, otu 'al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb' kwupụtara na ha bụ ndị kpatara mwakpo ahụ, yana mgbawa ọzọ mere awa iri anọ na asatọ tupu mgbe ahụ. N'otu webụsaịtị, otu al-Qaeda kwuru sị, "Anyị na-ekwusi ike ọzọ na ọtụtụ n'ime ndị e gburu n'ọrụ a bụ ndị uwe ojii na ndị ọrụ nchekwa... nakwa na nwanne anyị echeghị ndị aka ha dị ọcha iche dịka mgbasa ozi siri kọọ." Banyere mwakpo abụọ ahụ, otu ahụ kwuru na e mere ha "iji chebe okpukperechi Islam na mba ndị Alakụba."<ref name=reu>[https://web.archive.org/web/20070911033003/http://in.reuters.com/article/worldNews/idINIndia-29419120070909 "Al Qaeda claims Algeria attacks in Web statement"] [[Reuters]] retrieved 10 September 2007</ref> Gọọmentị Algeria na [[Njikọ̀taọ̀hà|United States]] dọrọ ụmụ amaala aka na ntị ka ha zere njem n'etiti obodo Algeria, na maka ndị njem nleta si mba ọzọ ka ha nọrọ na họtel dị nchebe. == Hụkwa == * Bọmbụ ndị na-eyi ọha egwu na Algeria == Ihe edeturu == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />  njkbtztge6tomqhyguzjm0pakwnjaub 0 79328 727530 708971 2026-09-24T05:54:21Z NiferO 20385 727530 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Module:Coordinates/styles.css"></templatestyles>{{Coor|36.6908303|3.5913157}}<templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles>{{Campaignbox Algeria 2002-present}}Bọmbụ Souk El Had nke afọ 2007 mere n'ọnwa Febụwarị 13, afọ 2007, mgbe bọmbụ ụgbọ ala jupụtara na bọmbụ gbawara n'isi ụlọ ọrụ Gendarmerie Nationale n'obodo Souk El had, Boumerdès Province, [[Algeria]], na-emebi ụlọ, na-egbu mmadụ asatọ ma na-emerụ mmadụ iri ise ahụ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.elwatan.com/archives/levenement/boumerdes-et-si-mustapha-ebranles-14-02-2007|title=Boumerdès et Si Mustapha ébranlés &#124; El Watan|website=www.elwatan.com}}{{Dead link|date=August 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://algeria-watch.org/?p=23077|title=Sept attaques quasi simultanées font 8 morts et 50 blessés – Algeria-Watch}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.liberte-algerie.com/actualite/4-blesses-et-une-grande-panique-39050|title=4 blessés et une grande panique: Toute l'actualité sur liberte-algerie.com|website=liberte-algerie.com}}{{Dead link|date=June 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> A na-enyo òtù Al-Qaeda na Islamic Maghreb enyo na ọ bụ ha kpatara ya. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.depechedekabylie.com/evenement/35245-4-morts-et-23-blesses-a-boumerdes/|title=4 morts et 23 blessés à Boumerdès|first=La|author=Rédaction|date=February 13, 2007}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://algeria-watch.org/?p=47522|title=Chronologie 2007: Janvier – Mars – Algeria-Watch}}</ref> == Hụkwa == * Bọmbụ ndị na-eyi ọha egwu na Algeria * Ndepụta nke ihe omume ndị na-eyi ọha egwu, 2007 == Edensibia == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />  51zcr8k2p39bn9obgfa73ogheo7h1mz 0 80684 727517 726144 2026-09-24T05:16:38Z NiferO 20385 727517 wikitext text/x-wiki  <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />'''Veronica Lang''' bụ onye na-eme ihe nkiri a mụrụ n'obodo Australia. == Ọrụ == Lang malitere ọrụ ime ihe nkiri ya na England n'ihe gbasara ihe nkiri n'elu ikpo okwu na telivishọn, tupu ọ malite ịrụ ọrụ na obodo ya. Ọ rụkwara ọrụ nwa oge na America.<ref>{{Citation | last = Manning | first = Fiona | date = 9 September 1981 | title = Oh, but it's good to be back home | periodical = The Australian Women's Weekly | url = https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/59749391?searchTerm=%22veronica%20lang%22%20%20actress&searchLimits= }}</ref> Ihe ngosi telivishọn nke Lang dị ọtụtụ. Ọdịdị ya na Britain gụnyere Upstairs Downstairs, Crown Court, Inspector Morse, Moon and Sun, Murder in Mind, Grange Hill, Heartbeat na The Bill. Ihe onwunwe telivishọn Australia ya gụnyere Matlock Police, ''Rush'', ''Bluey'', The Young Doctors, Chopper Squad, Skyways, Cop Shop, A Country Practice, ''Halifax f.p.'' na Heartbreak High. Ọ pụtakwara na miniseries The Dismissal na ''Vietnam'' (n'akụkụ Nicole Kidman). Ihe nkiri Lang gosipụtara ''Callan'' (1974), Don's Party (1976), Say You Want Me (1977), A Good Thing Going (1978), The Clinic (1982) na Decadence (1994). O meriri 1977 AFI Award maka Best Actress in a Supporting Role maka ọrụ ya na ihe nkiri nke Don's Party <ref>{{Citation |title=The Australian Film Awards - Prizewinners |date=1 October 1977 |work=Filmnews |url=https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/213733925?searchTerm=%22veronica%20lang%22%20afi&searchLimits=}}</ref> na 1980 Logie Award maka Best Supporting Actress na Miniseries / Telemovie maka A Good Thing Going . <ref>{{Citation |title=The Logie winners |date=15 March 1980 |work=Canberra Times |url=https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/110582893?searchTerm=%22veronica%20lang%22%20logie&searchLimits=}}</ref> == Ndepụta ihe nkiri == === Ihe nkiri === {| class="wikitable" !Afọ !Aha ya !Ọrụ !Ụdị |- |1969 |''[[Mini Weekend|Obere Ngwụsị izu]]'' |Jenny |Ihe nkiri, UK |- |1974 |''Callan'' |Liz, odeakwụkwọ Hunter |Ihe nkiri, UK |- |1976 |''Òtù Don'' |Jody |Ihe nkiri |- |1977 |''Nkwupụta ahụ'' | |Ihe nkiri TV |- |1977 |''Gwa na Ị chọrọ M'' | |Ihe nkiri TV |- |1977 |''Ọrụ Ballantyne'' | |Ihe nkiri TV |- |1978 |''Ihe Dị Mma Na-aga'' |Jane Harris |Ihe nkiri TV |- |1979 |''Ụlọ Okporo ụzọ'' | |Ihe nkiri TV |- |1982 |''Ụlọ Ọgwụ'' |Nancy |Ihe nkiri |- |1985 |''Mgbe awa gasịrị'' |Eileen Phillips |Ihe nkiri dị mkpirikpi |- |1990 |''[[The Englishwoman: An Account of the Life of Emily Hobhouse|Nwanyị Bekee: Akụkọ banyere ndụ Emily Hobhouse]]'' (nke a na-akpọ ''Burenkrieg'') |Emily Hobhouse |Ihe nkiri, US/South Africa |- |1994 |''Mmebi'' |Ndị gbara ya gburugburu |Ihe nkiri, UK/Germany |- |2017 |''Mmiri na-asọ'' |Irene |Ihe nkiri dị mkpirikpi |} === Ìgwè onyonyo === {| class="wikitable" !Afọ !Aha ya !Ọrụ !Ụdị |- |1964 |''[[Story Parade|Njem Akụkọ]]'' |Rosie Darcy |Usoro ihe nkiri TV UK, 1 ihe omume |- |1964 |''Ụwa nke Ya'' |Ọrụ ndị ọbịa |Usoro ihe nkiri TV UK, 1 ihe omume |- |1965 |''Ndị nwere ike ịbụ ndị nwụrụ anwụ'' |Cecile |Usoro ihe nkiri TV UK, 1 ihe omume |- |1965 |''[[Legend Of Death|Akụkọ ifo banyere ọnwụ]]'' |Estelle |Usoro ihe nkiri TV UK, ihe omume 2 |- |1965 |''Ndị uwe ojii Riviera'' |Jean Howard |Usoro ihe nkiri TV UK, 1 ihe omume |- |1967 |''Ụlọ Onye mmeri'' |Tania |Usoro ihe nkiri TV UK, 1 ihe omume |- |1971 |''Ikpe Ziri Ezi'' |Odeakwụkwọ |Usoro ihe nkiri TV UK, 1 ihe omume |- |1972 |''N'elu n'okpuru'' |Nwunye Onye Na-eme Ihe Dị Mma |Usoro ihe nkiri TV UK, 1 ihe omume |- |1972 |''[[Six Faces|Ihu Isii]]'' |Onye na-anabata ndị ọbịa |Usoro ihe nkiri TV UK, ihe omume 2 |- |1973 |''Harriet laghachiri n'obodo'' |Louise Wimbourne |Usoro ihe nkiri TV UK, ihe omume 2 |- |1973 |''Ụlọikpe Crown'' |Fiona Gray |Usoro ihe nkiri TV UK, ihe omume 3 |- |1973 |''Ònye ka ọ dị?'' |Jill Mather |Usoro ihe nkiri TV UK, 1 ihe omume |- |1973 |''[[The Dragon's Opponent|Onye Na-emegide Dragọn ahụ]]'' |Mimi Crawford |Usoro ihe nkiri TV UK, ihe omume 2 |- |1974 |''Napoleon na Ịhụnanya'' |Nwanyị Remusat |Miniserie TV UK, 5 episodes |- |1974 |''Ndị uwe ojii Matlock'' |Judy |Usoro ihe nkiri TV, 1 ihe omume |- |1975 |''Onye Sweeney'' |Sally Labbett |Usoro ihe nkiri TV UK, 1 ihe omume |- |1976 |''Rush'' |Melanie Parker |Usoro ihe nkiri TV, 1 ihe omume |- |1976 |''Ụmụ agbọghọ kpakpando'' |Nola |Usoro ihe nkiri TV UK, 1 ihe omume |- |1976 |''Ebe 1999'' |Lyra / Maurna |Usoro ihe nkiri TV UK, 1 ihe omume |- |1976 |''Emume ihe nkiri ụmụaka nke CBS'' |Oriakụ Graham |Usoro ihe nkiri TV US, 1 ihe omume |- |1976 |''[[Chimpmates|Ndị na-eme ihe ike]]'' |Oriakụ Graham |Usoro ihe nkiri TV UK, ihe omume 3 |- |1977 |''Bluey'' |Sylvia Granger |Usoro ihe nkiri TV, 1 ihe omume 30: "A Political Animal" |- |1977–1981 |''Ụlọ Ahịa Ndị Uwe Ojii'' |Sue Brady / Ann Carter / Claire Scott |Usoro ihe nkiri TV, ihe omume 4 |- |1977 |''Ndị Dọkịta Na-eto Eto'' |Diane Pitt / Lesley Collins |Usoro ihe nkiri TV, ihe omume 7 |- |1978 |''Ndị Chopper Squad'' |Margaret |Usoro ihe nkiri TV, 1 ihe omume 7: "Lifeboat" |- |1979 |''Ụzọ ụgbọelu'' |Sarah Blake |Usoro ihe nkiri TV, ihe omume 3 |- |1982; 1984 |''Omume Mba'' |Kate Darcy |Usoro ihe nkiri TV, ihe omume 2 |- |1983 |''Omume Mba'' |Janet Swanson |Usoro ihe nkiri TV, ihe omume 2 |- |1983 |''Ịchụpụ Ndị Mmadụ'' |Onye nta akụkọ |Miniserie TV, 1 ihe omume |- |1984 |''Omume Mba'' |Lori Morgan |Usoro ihe nkiri TV, 5 episodes |- |1985 |''N'abalị Ihe nkiri'' |Lady Plymdale |Usoro ihe nkiri TV UK, 1 ihe omume |- |1985 |''Ndị mmeri'' |Alison Trig |Usoro ihe nkiri TV, 1 ihe omume: "Ụlọ ịkwaga" |- |1987 |''Vietnam'' |Evelyn Goddard |Miniserie TV, 10 episodes |- |1987 |''Iwu Rafferty'' | |Usoro ihe nkiri TV, 1 ihe omume |- |1987 |''Willing na Ebel'' | |Usoro ihe nkiri TV, 1 ihe omume |- |1991 |''Onye Nnyocha Morse'' |Julia |Usoro ihe nkiri TV UK, 1 ihe omume |- |1992 |''Ọnwa na Nwa'' |Annabelle Garvie |Usoro ihe nkiri TV UK, 1 ihe omume |- |1995 |''Halifax f.p.'' |Cheryl Daleford |Usoro ihe nkiri TV, 1 ihe omume |- |1996 |''Obi gbawara agbawa'' |Vera Sumich |Usoro ihe nkiri TV, 1 ihe omume |- |1997 |''Ugwu Grange'' |Francesca |Usoro ihe nkiri TV UK, 5 episodes |- |1997 |''Obi na-akụ'' |Oriakụ Dobson |Usoro ihe nkiri TV UK, 1 ihe omume |- |2001 |''Ogbugbu n'uche'' |Alice Young |Usoro ihe nkiri TV UK, 1 ihe omume |- |2003 |''Ụgwọ ahụ'' |Onye na-ahụ maka ala |Usoro ihe nkiri TV UK, 1 ihe omume |} == Ihe nkiri == {| class="wikitable" !Afọ !Aha ya !Ọrụ !Ụdị |- |1964 |''Onye na-eme ngagharị iwe'' |Claire |Hull New Theatre, Pavilion Theatre, Bournemouth, & ebe ndị ọzọ na Audrey Lupton & Arthur Lane na Aytell Productions.<ref>{{cite web|url= https://theatricalia.com/play/4ky/busybody/production/18zk |title= Busybody |publisher= Theatricalia}}</ref> |- |1967 |''N'oge ọnwụ'' |Onye odeakwụkwọ |Yvonne Arnaud Theatre, Guildford na Phoenix Theatre, London na Cooney Productions & Enterprises.<ref>{{cite web|url= https://theatricalia.com/play/azp/in-at-the-death/production/16m8 |title= In at the Death |publisher= Theatricalia}}</ref> |- | |''Ọdịdị nke Mgbanwe'' | |Ụlọ Egwuregwu Royal Court, London |- | |''Anyị tụrụ bọmbụ na New Haven'' |Onye ndu |Ụlọ Egwuregwu Forum |- | |''Ngụkọta nke Anyị'' |Joyce |Ụlọ Egwuregwu Warehouse, Croydon |- | |''Ant na igurube'' |Zelda Fitzgerald |Ụlọ Egwuregwu dị n'okpuru ala |- |1971 |''Prometheus Bound'' |Nnụnụ Oké Osimiri 3 |Ụlọ Egwuregwu Mermaid, London.<ref>{{cite web|url= https://theatricalia.com/play/e21/prometheus-bound/production/wb9 |title= Prometheus Bound |publisher= Theatricalia}}</ref> |- | |''Ndị nkịtị'' |Beth |Ụlọ Egwuregwu Greenwich, London |- |1975 |''Òtù Don'' |Jody |Royal Court Theatre, London na The English Stage CompanyỤlọ ọrụ English Stage |- |1977 |''Mmeri ndị Norman'' |Annie |Seymour Centre, Sydney na Old Tote Theatre CompanyỤlọ ọrụ Old Tote Theatre |- | |''Ịlụ Agha Na-ekwu Okwu'' |Muriel |Ihe nkiri Frinton |- |1980 |''Pyjama Tops'' |Yvonne Charles |Newcastle Civic Theatre, Regal Theatre, Perth, Royal Sydney, Her Majesty's Theatre, Melbourne, Canberra Theatre na Australian Elizabethan Theatre Trust & J. C. Williamson |- |2006 |''Mmụọ dị nro'' |Madame Arcati / Oriakụ Bradman |Frinton Summer Theatre na Connaught Productions<ref>{{cite web|url= https://theatricalia.com/play/3gx/blithe-spirit/production/1dv8 |title= Blithe Spirit |publisher= Theatricalia}}</ref> |- |2011–2013 |''Ụkwụ gba ọtọ n'ogige ntụrụndụ'' | |Njem UK na Malvern Theatres, Worcestershire, Theatre Royal, Bath, Oxford Playhouse, Richmond Theatre, London, Cambridge Arts Theatre na Yvonne Arnaud TheatreIhe nkiri Yvonne Arnaud |- |2014 |''Daytona'' | |Njem UK na Lee Dean |- |2018 |''N'èzí'' | |Bondi Pavilion, Sydney<ref>{{cite web|url= https://suzygoessee.com/2018/07/05/review-away-bondi-pavilion-theatre/ |title= Prometheus Bound |publisher= www.suzygoessee.com |date= 5 July 2018}}</ref> |- |2020 |''Hamlet'' |Gertrude |N'ịntanetị - Australia na Streamed Shakespeare |} <ref>{{cite web|url= https://ausstage.edu.au/pages/contributor/239072 |title= Veronica Lang |publisher= AusStage}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url= https://app.spotlight.com/2058-8976-8570 |title= Veronica Lang |publisher= app.spotlight.com}}</ref> == Ihe nrite == {| class="wikitable" !Afọ !Ihe nrite !Ụdị !Ọrụ !Nsonaazụ |- |1977 |Ihe nrite AFI |Onye na-eme ihe nkiri kachasị mma na fim |''Òtù Don''| {{Won}} |- |1980 |Ihe nrite Logie |Onye na-eme ihe nkiri kachasị mma na obere ihe nkiri / Telemovie |''Ihe Dị Mma Na-aga''| {{Won}} |} == Edensibịa == * {{IMDb name|0485940}}  [[Otú:Articles with hCards]] 4pc89l2zftrps72hb5gk1n4e84ps02i 0 80698 727570 725904 2026-09-24T09:18:06Z NiferO 20385 727570 wikitext text/x-wiki Mmiri ozuzo siri ike nke na-ezo mgbe niile n'ọtụtụ akụkụ Sudan, malite na mbido ọnwa Ọgọstụ afọ 2013, kpatara mmebi sitere n'idei mmiri n'opekata mpe steeti iri na anọ n'ime steeti iri na asatọ dị na mba ahụ. A kọrọ na ihe karịrị mmadụ puku narị atọ nwere nsogbu n'ihi nke a, ma bibie ihe karịrị ụlọ puku iri abụọ na ise. Ụlọ ọrụ gọọmentị na-akọ na ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ mmadụ iri ise anwụọla. == Idei Mmiri == Ka ọ na-erule ụbọchị 22 n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ afọ 2013, Òtù Ahụike Ụwa (WHO) kọrọ na mmadụ ma ọ bụ ezinụlọ ruru puku narị atọ na iri abụọ (320,000) emetụtala.<ref name=aljazeera>{{cite web |url=http://www.aljazeera.com/news/africa/2013/08/2013823113149149635.html |title=Floods affect 300,000 across Sudan |date=23 August 2013 |publisher=[[Al Jazeera English|Al Jazeera]] |access-date=24 August 2013}}</ref> N'abalị iri na itoolu n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ, WHO mere atụmatụ na a manyere ihe dị ka mmadụ 250,000 ịpụ n'ụlọ ha, ebe [[Ministry of Health (Sudan)|Ministri ahụike]] kọrọ na mmadụ iri anọ na ise nwụrụ na mmadụ iri asaa merụrụ ahụ.<ref name=WHOsitrep2>{{cite web|url=https://www.who.int/hac/crises/sdn/sudanfloods2013sitrep2.pdf| title=Sudan floods situation report No. 2 |publisher=[[World Health Organization]] |date=19 August 2013 | format=pdf| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131014163705/https://www.who.int/hac/crises/sdn/sudanfloods2013sitrep2.pdf| archive-date=14 October 2013| access-date=24 August 2013}}</ref> A kọrọ na ihe onwunwe mebiri emebi na 14 n'ime steeti 18 nke Sudan na WHO kwupụtara nchegbu banyere mmetụta ahụike ọha na eze nke ọdịda nke ụlọ mposi 53,000.<ref name="aljazeera" /> Idei mmiri na-aga n'ihu na-eweta ihe ize ndụ na ngwụcha ọnwa Ọgọst afọ 2013. <ref name="WHOsitrep2" /> Steeti ndị metụtara bụ Khartoum, Northern, River Nile, Gezira, Red Sea, Sennar, North Kordofan, Gedaref, North Darfur, Blue Nile, White Nile na South Darfur, Kassala, na South Kordofan dị ka Ministry of Health si kwuo. Kọmitii Enyemaka Enyemaka Ndị Mmadụ na-akọ akụkọ ọzọ metụtara ndị bi na Abyei na West Kordofan.<ref name=unochaflash22Aug2013>{{cite web |url=http://reliefweb.int/report/sudan/sudan-flash-update-august-22-2013-issue-6 |title=Sudan: Flash Update August 22, 2013 (issue # 6)|date=22 August 2013 |website=reliefweb.int |publisher=UN [[Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs]] |access-date=24 August 2013}}</ref> A kọrọ na isi obodo Khartoum na-ata ahụhụ idei mmiri kachasị njọ n'ime afọ 25, mgbe idei mmiri mberede dakwasịrị obodo ukwu na mbido Ọgọst. Ọ bụ ezie na Khartoum nwere ike ịdaba na idei mmiri n'ihi mmiri na-adịghị mma na Atụmatụ obodo, idei mmiri nke afọ 2013 siri ike. A kọrọ na ihe karịrị ụlọ 15,000 na Khartoum mebiri emebi, ọtụtụ puku ndị ọzọ mebiri emebie. Mmebi kachasị na Khartoum mere na [[Shar El-neel]], [[Ombadah]], na Karari. Na Blue Nile, idei mmiri sitere na nnukwu mmiri ozuzo bibiri ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ụlọ 12,000 na [[Damazine]], [[El Roseires]], [[Giessan]], na [[Bau, Sudan|Bau]], ebe Damazine kọrọ na ọ bụ ya mebiri emebi. == Ọdịiche dị na ọnụ ọgụgụ a kọrọ == Enwere ọdịiche dị n'ọnụọgụ ndị ihe a metụtara nke ụlọ ọrụ dị iche iche nke Sudan nyere. Ụlọ Ọrụ Na-ahụ Maka Ahụike na-eme atụmatụ na ezinụlọ 66,895 ka ihe a metụtara, ebe Kọmịshọn Na-ahụ Maka Enyemaka Mmadụ (HAC) na-eme atụmatụ na ọ bụ ezinụlọ 105,964, dịka ọnọdụ dị na ụbọchị 22 nke ọnwa Ọgọstụ afọ 2013. Ọ bụrụ na a gụọ mmadụ ise n'ime ezinụlọ ọ bụla na Sudan, atụmatụ HAC ahụ na-egosi na e nwere mmadụ 530,000 ihe a metụtara. == Nzaghachi == Gọọmentị Sudan na-eduga ma na-ahazi nzaghachi mberede. Kọmitii Enyemaka Mmadụ mere ka National Flood Task Force rụọ ọrụ na 18 n'ọnwa Ọgọst. E nweela nkatọ ọha na eze banyere nzaghachi gọọmentị. MP [[Al-Fadil Hag Suleima]], onye isi nke kọmitii ndị omeiwu na Iwu na Ikpe Ziri Ezi, boro gọọmentị Omar al-Bashir ebubo ileghara anya na nzaghachi ya maka idei mmiri ahụ, ma kwuo na gọọmentị steeti ahụ na-achọta ụlọ na ala idei mmiri maka uru ego. Ndị na-ede blọgụ na Sudan akatọwo nke ukwuu, na-ebo gọọmentị steeti Khartoum ebubo na ha na-ewe ụlọ ọrụ ndị jikọtara ha na National Congress Party na-achị iji wuo ụlọ nsị na akụrụngwa na-akụ afọ n'ala. Na nzaghachi, ndị minista steeti abụọ nke Khartoum boro ndị na-ede blọgụ Facebook ebubo na ha bụ "ndị na-abụghị ndị okpukpe" ekwenyeghị na "omume Chineke". A na-ahụ mkpesa ọha na eze maka nzaghachi gọọmentị dị ka inye ume ọhụrụ maka mgbalị iji kpalie "Arab Spring-style uprising". [[Saudi Arabia]], [[Morocco]], [[Qatar]], [[United Arab Emirates]], United States, South Korea, [[Ethiopia|Etiopia]], Germany, Japan na Egypt ekwewo nkwa enyemaka maka ndị idei mmiri metụtara. N'ịzaghachi idei mmiri ahụ, e guzobere otu ndị ntorobịa na-eduzi nke a na-akpọ "Nafeer" iji nyere ndị ahụ merụrụ ahụ aka. == Hụkwa ==   * 2007 Iju Mmiri nke Sudan * Idei mmiri nke Sudan na 2018 * Idei mmiri nke 2020 na Sudan * Idei mmiri nke 2022 na Sudan * Idei mmiri nke 2024 na Sudan == Edensịbịa == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />  == Njikọ mpụga == * Idei mmiri Sudan na 2013 na OpenStreetMap * Iju Mmiri nke Khartoum na crowdmap.com {{Floods in Africa}} 1jhj3n00p1f0wul3bgv0dq69xk481xv 0 80706 727535 726031 2026-09-24T06:37:20Z NiferO 20385 727535 wikitext text/x-wiki Na akụkọ ihe mere eme ya, ụkọ mmiri na-emetụtakarị Chile. N'akụkụ ndị kpọrọ nkụ karị na Chile, ụkọ mmiri na-eme mgbe snow na-adịghị agbakọta nke ọma n'ugwu Andes.N'akụkọ ihe mere eme ya, ụkọ mmiri na-emetụtakarị Chile. N'akụkụ ndị kpọrọ nkụ karị na Chile, ụkọ mmiri na-eme mgbe snow na-adịghị agbakọta nke ọma n'ugwu Andes.<ref name="astaburuaga">{{Citation |last=Astaburuaga G. |first=Ricardo |title=El agua en las zonas áridas de Chile |work=[[ARQ (journal)|ARQ]] |volume=57 |pages=68–73 |year=2004 |url=http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?pid=S0717-69962004005700018&script=sci_arttext |language=es}}</ref> Ọgba mmiri ndị dị n'ụsọ oké osimiri Chile nke na-enweghị oke snoo na-adịkarị mfe ịda site na ọkọchị.<ref name="villalba">{{Citation |last=Villalba |first=Ricardo |title=Fluctuaciones climáticas en latitudes medias de América del Sur durante los últimos 1000 años: sus relaciones con la Oscilación del Sur |work=[[Revista Chilena de Historia Natural]] |volume=67 |pages=453–561 |year=1994 |url=http://rchn.biologiachile.cl/pdfs/1994/4/Villalba_1994.pdf |language=es |author-link=Ricardo Villalba}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.cr2.cl/megasequia/ |title=La megasequía 2010-2019: una lección para el futuro |access-date=2022-10-31 |website=Center for Climate and Resilience Research |language=Spanish}}</ref> Oké ọkọchị na-adịte aka emetụtala ókèala nke Central Chile na 1280-1450, 1570-1650, 1770-1820 na 2010-dị ugbu a.<ref name="villalba">{{Citation |last=Villalba |first=Ricardo |title=Fluctuaciones climáticas en latitudes medias de América del Sur durante los últimos 1000 años: sus relaciones con la Oscilación del Sur |work=[[Revista Chilena de Historia Natural]] |volume=67 |pages=453–561 |year=1994 |url=http://rchn.biologiachile.cl/pdfs/1994/4/Villalba_1994.pdf |language=es |author-link=Ricardo Villalba}}</ref> == Oké ọkọchị n'akụkọ ihe mere eme == [[File:Canal_San_Carlos.JPG|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|200x200px|E bidoro iwu ọwa mmiri San Carlos nke dị na foto a n'afọ 1772 n'ihi ọtụtụ afọ nke ụkọ mmiri ozuzo.]] === Oké ọkọchị nke 1770-82 === Oge 1770-1782 bụ otu n'ime ụkọ mmiri ozuzo n'ozuzu ya na Central Chile na ngụkọta nke afọ atọ na-abụghị n'usoro nke oke ọkọchị. <ref name="astaburuaga" /> N'afọ 1772, a pụghị ịgba ubi vaịn na ubi ihe ọkụkụ dị n'akụkụ Osimiri Mapocho na Santiago mmiri.<ref name=Urru67-68>Urrutia & Lanza 1993, pp. 67-68.</ref> Oké ọkọchị a mere ka ndị ọchịchị malite iwu Ọwa Mmiri San Carlos nke a na-eme atụmatụ ogologo oge na 1772 iji mee ka mmiri si na Osimiri Maipo gaa na Osimiri Mapocho.<ref name="Urru67-68" /> === Oké ọkọchị nke 1924 === N'afọ 1924, ụkọ mmiri ozuzo gbasaara n'etiti mpaghara Coquimbo na Maule..<ref name=Urru201-203>Urrutia & Lanza 1993, pp. 201-203.</ref> Na Coquimbo Province 70% nke ọka wit sitere na ala a na-agbaghị mmiri furu efu ebe n'ebe a na- ịgba mmiri owuwe ihe ubi furu efu bụ 20% .<ref name="Urru201-203" /> Ọnụahịa ụgbọ okporo ígwè na-ebu anụ ụlọ gaa n'ebe ndịda Curicó jiri pasent 40 belata ebe ọ bụ na ọ fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ na e nweghị ahịhịa ma ọ bụ ahịhịhịa maka anụ ụlọ iri na Norte Chico.<ref name="Urru201-203" /> Ndị bi n'ime ime obodo na mpaghara Coquimbo gbakọtara n'obodo Illapel, Combarbalá na Ovalle. Ka oge na-aga, onye nchịkwa mpaghara Coquimbo kwuru na ihe dị ka otu narị mmadụ ahapụla mpaghara ahụ n'ihi ụkọ mmiri ozuzo. === Nnukwu oké ọkọchị nke 1968 === Ọkọchị nke dakwasịrị mba Chile malite n'afọ 1968—nke a maara dị ka "Ọkọchị Ukwu nke afọ 1968"—bụ otu n'ime oge ụkọ mmiri ozuzo kachasị njọ mba ahụ nwetara na narị afọ nke iri abụọ, nke enwere ike iji ya tụnyere naanị ọkọchị nke afọ 1924. <ref>{{Citation |last=Espíldora, Basilio |title=Algunos antecedentes hidrológicos de la sequía en Chile |work=Acta del Seminario Regional sobre Hidrología de Sequías |pages=181–184 |year=1972 |url=http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0002/000227/022757so.pdf |access-date=2011-02-14}}</ref> Oké ọkọchị ahụ malitere na obere mmiri ozuzo dara n'afọ 1967.<ref name=Urru337-340>Urrutia & Lanza 1993, pp. 337-340.</ref> Ebe ụkọ mmiri ozuzo ahụ metụtara sitere na mpaghara Atacama dị n'ebe ugwu ruo Ñuble dị n'etiti ndịda.<ref name="eugenio">{{Citation |last=Lobo |first=Eugenio |title=HIDROLOGIA DE SEQUIA EN CHILE |work=ACTAS DEL SEMINARIO REGIONAL SOBRE HIDROLOGIA DE SEQUIAS (Lima, 21-27 de julio de 1970) |pages=226–229 |year=1972 |url=http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0002/000227/022757so.pdf |language=es}}</ref> Oké ọkọchị ahụ kpatara nnukwu mfu maka ịkọ poteto, osikapa, ọka, agwa. Osisi mkpụrụ osisi na ubi vaịn nwekwara mmetụta. Otu narị puku ehi na otu nde atụrụ nwụrụ n'ihi ụkọ mmiri ozuzo. Mmiri ara ehi, anụ na ajị anụ belatara.<ref name="Urru337-340" /> Ka ọ na-erule Septemba 1969 naanị 250 puku ewu fọdụrụ site na ọnụ ọgụgụ mbụ nke 650 puku.<ref name="Urru337-340" /> N'ime ime obodo Norte Chico, ọtụtụ ndị ọrụ ugbo na obodo enweghị mmiri ọbụlagodi maka oriri mmadụ. N'afọ 1969, ndị ọrụ ugbo nwetara nkwado nke ọtụtụ ụlọ ọrụ ego na ụlọ ọrụ gọọmentị gụnyere nnwere onwe ụtụ isi na akara akwụmụgwọ iji zụta nri.<ref name="Urru337-340" /> Na Central Chile, mmiri na-asọba n'osimiri na-abawanye na Disemba, mana nke a emeghị na 1968. <ref name="eugenio" /> Chile ọtụtụ ndị ọrụ ugbo kpebiri na ha agaghị akụ n'oge ọkọchị n'ihi nke a na eziokwu a maara na ọ fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ na ọ nweghị snow na Andes.<ref name="eugenio" /> Ka oge na-aga n'oge okpomọkụ, osimiri ndị ahụ toro n'ihi mkpochapụ nke ice, na-eme ka ọtụtụ ndị ọrụ ugbo chegharịa n'agbanyeghị na oge agafeela ịkọ.<ref name="eugenio" /> Mbelata nke mmepụta ike mmiri (Ọdịda mmiri eletrik bụ nke 200 MW) ka a kwụrụ ụgwọ site n'inwe ụlọ ọrụ thermoelectric nke Ventanas, Renca na Laguna Verde na-arụ ọrụ na ikike kachasị elu. Mmepụta coal nke mba site na ebe a na-egwupụta coal ezughị iji nye mkpa ahụ ma gọọmentị nyere ikike mbubata puku tọn coal iri ise site na United States, Poland, France na Germany.<ref name="Urru337-340" /> N'[[Afọ mmiri]] nke 1969-1970 ebe ụkọ mmiri ozuzo ahụ metụtara belatara site na ịgafe latitudes nke 27-36 ° S ruo 27-32 ° S.<ref name="eugenio" /> === Oké ọkọchị nke 1998 === Malite n'ọnwa Jenụwarị afọ 1997 ihe omume El Niño metụtara Chile n'ime 1 afọ ruo 1998. <ref name="Puentes">{{Citation |last=Puentes |first=Edgardo |title=El Niño y la Niña |url=http://letras-uruguay.espaciolatino.com/puentes_edgardo/nino_y_la_nina.htm |access-date=July 30, 2013 |language=es}}</ref> Okpomọkụ nke oké osimiri dị elu na Pacific.<ref name="Puentes" /> Oké ọkọchị nke 1998 kpatara ụkọ ike na SIC, isi grid ike nke Chile. <ref name="PUC">{{Citation |title=Crisis de Chile (1998-1999) |url=http://web.ing.puc.cl/~power/alumno03/Pagina%20Web/Crisis%20de%20Chile.htm |access-date=July 30, 2013 |language=es}}</ref> Nsogbu dị na Nehuenco Power Plant nke gas sitere n'okike na-akwọta ụkọ ike.<ref name="PUC" /> Mmiri ozuzo kwa afọ na Zona Sur dị ala karịa ihe ndekọ gara aga: na Valdivia naanị 1,033.8 milimita ma ọ bụ 40.70 sentimita dara na Concepción naanị 598.6 milimita maọbụ 23.57 sentimita,<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://164.77.222.61/climatologia/publicaciones/Estadistica_ClimatologicaII.pdf |title=‘Estadistica Climatologia II’ |access-date=2016-08-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120417150708/http://164.77.222.61/climatologia/publicaciones/Estadistica_ClimatologicaII.pdf |archive-date=2012-04-17 |url-status=dead }}</ref> ebe nke kachasị ala tupu 1996 bụ 674 milimita (26.54 in) na 1924. [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji]  === Nsogbu mmiri na Chile === <templatestyles src="Module:Hatnote/styles.css"></templatestyles> {{CSS image crop|Image=Yeso reservoir March 14, 2020.jpg|bSize=2353|cWidth=450|cHeight=270|oTop=800|oLeft=1090|Location=right|Align=|Description=[[El Yeso Dam|El Yeso reservoir]] at 40% capacity in March 2020}}Iwu Chile nke afọ 1980, nke e wepụtara n'okpuru ọchịchị aka ike nke Augusto Pinochet, na-amata ikike iji mmiri mee ihe dị ka ihe onwunwe nkeonwe.<ref> Article 19, number 24, last paragraph (in Spanish).</ref> N'afọ 1981, gọọmentị Pinochet dezigharịrị iwu na-achịkwa ikike iji mmiri na mmiri eme ihe (Código de Aguas), na-enye ire na nkeonwe ikike iji mmiri mee ihe n'ụzọ yiri nke ahịa ngwaahịa.<ref name=":02">{{Cite web |date=2022-06-01 |title=‘Consequences will be dire’: Chile’s water crisis is reaching breaking point |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/jun/01/chiles-water-crisis-megadrought-reaching-breaking-point |access-date=2022-06-08 |website=[[The Guardian]] |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last= |first= |title=The mystery of a disappearing lake and the struggle over water rights in Chile {{!}} DW {{!}} 08.03.2022 |url=https://www.dw.com/en/the-struggle-over-water-rights-in-chile-millenial-president-gabriel-boric/a-60895657 |access-date=2022-06-08 |website=[[Deutsche Welle]] |language=en-GB}}</ref> A na-ebo ire ikike mmiri dị ka isi ihe na-eduga na ọkwa mmiri dị ala n'ebe ụfọdụ. Chile malitere inwe ụkọ mmiri ozuzo na 2010 ma ka ọ na-erule 2020, mmiri ozuzo bụ 20-45% nke nkezi mba na 10-20% nkezi na mpaghara Santiago.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2020-04-14 |title=A Strained Water System in Chile |url=https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/images/146577/a-strained-water-system-in-chile |access-date=2022-06-08 |website=[[NASA]] |language=en}}</ref> Ka ọ na-erule afọ 2022, Chile nọ n'ọnọdụ nke iri na isii n'ime narị na iri isii na anọ maka nrụgide mmiri n'ụwa dịka Mahadum Chile si kwuo.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-05-02 |title=La crisis del agua |url=https://interferencia.cl/articulos/la-crisis-del-agua |access-date=2022-06-08 |website=Interferencia |language=es}}</ref> N'ọnwa Eprel afọ 2022, Chile malitere atụmatụ ịnye mmiri.<ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=2022-04-11 |title=Chile announces unprecedented plan to ration water as drought enters 13th year |url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2022/apr/11/santiago-chile-ration-water-drought |access-date=2022-06-08 |website=Reuters in Santiago, via [[The Guardian]] |language=en}}</ref> == Edensibịa == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />  '''Akwụkwọ''' *   {{South America topic|Drought in}}{{Americas topic|Drought in}} [[Otú:Pages with unreviewed translations]] nogs8icssv3jg3mudrpmo8k119gcke3 0 80730 727387 726290 2026-09-23T11:59:40Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 727387 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Alison Frantz''' (Septemba 27, 1903 – Febụwarị 1, 1995) bụ onye America na-ese foto gbasara ihe ochie a gwutere n'ala (archaeological photographer) nakwa ọkà mmụta gbasara akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Alaeze Ukwu Byzantine. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye na-ese foto gọọmentị n'oge a na-egwu ma na-enyocha ebe a na-akpọ Athenian Agora, ọ bụkwa onye sere ọtụtụ foto ihe ọkpụkpụ ndị Gris oge ochie, gụnyere ihe osise dị n'elu mgbidi ụlọ nsọ Parthenon (Parthenon frieze) na ihe ndị sitere n'Ụlọ Nsọ Zeus dị na Olympia.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Alison Frantz Photographic Collection {{!}} American School of Classical Studies at Athens |url=https://www.ascsa.edu.gr/index.php/archives/the-alison-frantz-photographic-collection |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260516205556/https://www.ascsa.edu.gr/index.php/archives/the-alison-frantz-photographic-collection |archive-date=2026-05-16 |access-date=2026-09-22 |website=www.ascsa.edu.gr |language=en |url-status=live}}</ref> == Mbido Ndụ na Agụmakwụkwọ == A mụrụ Mary Allison Frantz n'ụbọchị nke 27 n'ọnwa Septemba, afọ 1903, na Duluth, Minnesota; ọ bụ nwa ikpeazụ n'ime ụmụ ise. Nna ya nwụrụ.Onye na-ebipụta akwụkwọ akụkọ ahụ butere ọrịa oyi baa n'akpa ume n'oge na-adịghị anya mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, nne ya bụ onye Scotland, bụ́ Mary Kate Frantz, wee kwaga ezinụlọ ahụ na Edinburgh.Ọ bụ ya lekọtara agụmakwụkwọ Frantz n'ụlọ. Frantz nwetara igwefoto mbụ ya mgbe ọ bi na Edinburgh, dị ka onyinye sitere n'aka nwanne ya nwoke. O mechara kọwaa ahụmịhe ya mgbe ọ dị afọ ise.Ikiri ka nwanne ya nwoke na-emepụta foto n'ime ụlọ gbara ọchịchịrị bụ ihe mbụ kpaliri mmasị ya n'ọrụ a. Afọ abụọ ka e mesịrị, ezinụlọ ahụ laghachiri na United States, nne ya wee guzobe ebe obibi ha na Princeton.Ka oge na-aga, Frantz kwuru na mkpebi a sitere n'otú Mahadum Princeton si dị nso, n'agbanyeghị na o kwuru na e mere ya "maka ụmụnne ya nwoke, n'ezie."<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-08-05 |title=To Live Alone and Like It: Women and the American School of Classical Studies at Athens Between the Wars. |url=https://nataliavogeikoff.com/2019/08/05/to-live-alone-and-like-it-women-and-the-american-school-of-classical-studies-at-athens-between-the-wars/ |access-date=2026-09-22 |website=From the Archivist's Notebook |language=en}}</ref> == Mmalite nke ọrụ ọkachamara == Franz malitere ọrụ ya n'ọrụ igwu ala ịchọ ihe ochie na Athenian Agora—nke American School of Classical Studies at Athens (ASCSA) duziri n'okpuru nlekọta T. Leslie Shear—n'ọnwa Jenụwarị afọ 1934.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Alumnae Association of Smith College |url=http://archive.org/details/smithalumn3334alum |title=Smith Alumnae Quarterly |date=1933 |publisher=Alumnae Association of Smith College |others=College Archives Smith College Libraries}}</ref> == Reference == {{Reflist}} r5f66zssbl1dby0kaxlu0y61dchyykg 0 80732 727436 726297 2026-09-23T18:48:40Z Chinemeremprince 13026 727436 wikitext text/x-wiki   Aju Makita (Langu田 彩珠, Makita Aju; amụrụ n'abalị asaa n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ n'afọ 2002) bụ onye na-eme ihe nkiri si Japan. == Oge ọ malitere == Makita bụ ọdụụdụ n'ime ụmụaka atọ, o nwekwara ụmụnne nwoke abụọ tọrọ ya. == Ọrụ == A mụrụ ya na Kanagawa Prefecture, Makita mere ihe nkiri mbụ ya mgbe ọ dị afọ 7.<ref name="WWD">{{cite web |title=是枝監督も才能を認める16歳の女優・蒔田彩珠 若手の登竜門「カロリーメイト」のCMにも出演 |url=https://www.wwdjapan.com/articles/823648 |website=WWDJAPAN.com |access-date=21 February 2021 |language=ja |date=8 March 2019}}</ref> N'afọ 2012, ọ pụtara n'ihe nkiri telivishọn bụ *Going My Home*, nke Hirokazu Kore-eda duziri, ma kemgbe ahụ, ọ pụtala n'ihe nkiri ya ndị ọzọ gụnyere *After the Storm* (2016), *The Third Murder* (2017), *Shoplifters* (2018) na *Look Back* (2026). O meriri ihe nrite kachasị mma na Hochi Film Award na 2018 maka Shino Can't Say Her Name, nke Hiroaki Yuasa duziri.<ref name="WWD" /><ref name="ModelPress">{{cite web |title=南沙良＆蒔田彩珠「報知映画賞」で快挙「たくさんの奇跡を運んでくれた」 - モデルプレス |url=https://mdpr.jp/cinema/detail/1811083 |website=モデルプレス |access-date=21 February 2021 |language=ja}}</ref><ref name=koreeda>{{cite web |title=18歳の実力派・蒔田彩珠、『朝が来る』で魅せる魂の熱演｜シネマトゥデイ |url=https://www.cinematoday.jp/news/N0115256 |website=シネマトゥデイ |access-date=21 February 2021 |language=ja}}</ref> O wee merie 2020 Mainichi Film Award maka Best Supporting Actress yana Hochi Film Award for Best Supporting actress for its role as a dị afọ iri na ụma dị ime na Naomi Kawase's True Mothers,<ref>{{cite web |title=【報知映画賞】１８歳・蒔田彩珠、新人賞から２年…最速＆最年少２冠達成 "河瀬流"で「怖いぐらい」表情変わった…助演女優賞 |url=https://hochi.news/articles/20210109-OHT1T50222.html|website=スポーツ報知 |access-date=21 February 2021 |language=ja |date=11 January 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Kenigsberg |first1=Ben |title='True Mothers' Review: Family Entanglements |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/01/28/movies/true-mothers-review.html |website=The New York Times |access-date=21 February 2021 |date=28 January 2021}}</ref><ref name="Guardian">{{cite web |title=True Mothers review: Naomi Kawase's heartfelt yet frustrating drama |url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/2020/sep/18/true-mothers-review-naomi-kawase |website=the Guardian |access-date=21 February 2021 |language=en |date=18 September 2020}}</ref> nke a họọrọ maka 2020 Cannes Film Festival. Ọrụ ya na ihe nkiri ahụ nwetara otuto site n'aka ndị nyocha dị ka ndị dị na ''The Guardian'', ''Los Angeles Times'', The Hollywood Reporter, na ''South China Morning Post''. <ref>{{cite web |last1=Abele |first1=Robert |title=Review: Naomi Kawase's 'True Mothers' brings sensitivity and lyricism to adoption in Japan |url=https://www.latimes.com/entertainment-arts/movies/story/2021-01-29/review-true-mothers-drama-japan-naomi-kawase |website=Los Angeles Times |access-date=21 February 2021 |date=29 January 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title='True Mothers' ('Asa ga Kuru'): Film Review |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/true-mothers-asa-ga-kuru-film-review |website=The Hollywood Reporter |access-date=21 February 2021 |language=en |date=23 October 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=True Mothers: Naomi Kawase's moving adoption drama |url=https://www.scmp.com/lifestyle/entertainment/article/3102138/toronto-2020-true-mothers-movie-review-moving-adoption |website=South China Morning Post |access-date=21 February 2021 |language=en |date=18 September 2020}}</ref> == Ihe nkiri == === Ihe nkiri === {| class="wikitable sortable" !Afọ !Aha ya !Ọrụ ! class="unsortable" |Ihe edeturu ! class="unsortable" |Ref. |- |2016 |''Mgbe Oké Ifufe ahụ gasịrị'' |Aju |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.allcinema.net/cinema/355278|title= 海よりもまだ深く|access-date= June 19, 2024|website= allcinema}}</ref> | |- | rowspan="2" |2017 |''Ogbugbu nke Atọ'' |Yuka Shigemori | |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://eiga.com/movie/88449/|title= 万引き家族|access-date= June 4, 2020|website= [[Eiga.com]]|language=ja}}</ref> |- |''Egwú Ìhè'' |Nagisa |Ọrụ ndu; ihe nkiri dị mkpirikpi |<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/07/18/movies/review-third-murder-koreeda.html|title=Review: In 'The Third Murder,' Guilty as Charged isn't the Whole Story.|access-date= June 4, 2020|website= The New York Times}}</ref> |- | rowspan="4" |2018 |''Ndị na-ezu ohi'' |Sayaka Shibata | | |- |''Enyi m "A"'' |Yui Shiraishi ||<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.allcinema.net/cinema/362547|title= 友罪|access-date= June 19, 2024|website= allcinema|language=ja}}</ref> | |- |''Nkịta Na Aka Ha'' |Caliby / Hono Nakayama | ||<ref>{{cite web |url= https://eiga.com/movie/88358/|title= 猫は抱くもの|access-date= June 4, 2020|website= Eiga.com|language=ja}}</ref> |- |''Shino Enweghị Ike Ịsị Aha Ya'' |Kayo Okazaki |Ọrụ ndu |<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/culture/2018/07/11/films/film-reviews/shino-cant-say-name-teenage-struggle-speaks-everyone/#.Xm9EPZMzbwc|title='Shino Can't Say Her Name': A teenage struggle that speaks to everyone|access-date= June 4, 2020|website= The Japan Times}}</ref> |- |2019 |''Abụ Strawberry'' |Nwa agbọghọ ọdachi ahụ metụtara | |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://eiga.com/movie/89736/|title= いちごの唄|access-date= June 4, 2020|website= Eiga.com|language=ja}}</ref> |- | rowspan="3" |2020 |''Ezigbo Nne'' |Hikari Katakura | |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://eiga.com/movie/91312/|title= 朝が来る|access-date= June 4, 2020|website= Eiga.com|language=ja}}</ref><ref name="Guardian"/> |- |''#HandballStrive'' |Kurosawa |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://eiga.com/movie/91103/|title= ＃ハンド全力|access-date= June 4, 2020|website= Eiga.com|language=ja}}</ref> | |- |''N'okpuru kpakpando'' |Mah-chan |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://eiga.com/news/20200818/1/|title= 芦田愛菜主演「星の子」に岡田将生、大友康平、高良健吾、黒木華らが出演！ 本予告も完成|access-date= August 19, 2020|website= Eiga.com|language=ja}}</ref> | |- | rowspan="3" |2021 |''Nwa nke ọnwa Kamiari'' |Kanna (olu) |Ọrụ ndu |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://eiga.com/movie/93033/|title= 神在月のこども|access-date= June 4, 2020|website= Eiga.com|language=ja}}</ref> |- |''DIVOC-12'' | |Ọrụ ndu; akụkụ ''"Yen"'' |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://realsound.jp/movie/2021/04/post-752439.html|title= 富司純子、藤原季節、蒔田彩珠、中村ゆり、前田敦子ら『DIVOC-12』第1弾キャスト発表|access-date= April 30, 2021|website= Real Sound|language=ja}}</ref> |- |''99.9 Onye ọka iwu mpụ: Ihe nkiri'' |Eri Nagumo |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.cinemacafe.net/article/2021/08/24/74404.html|title= 西島秀俊が謎の弁護士役、蒔田彩珠＆道枝駿佑ら『99.9』新キャスト|access-date= August 24, 2021|website= Cinema Cafe|language=ja}}</ref> | |- | rowspan="3" |2022 |''Ndị Japan Dị Ọcha'' |Ayumi |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.crank-in.net/news/92374/1|title= ディーン・フジオカ主演＆企画＆プロデュースのアクション映画製作 ヒロインに蒔田彩珠|access-date= July 30, 2021|website= Crank-in!|language=ja}}</ref> | |- |''Nye m, Onye hụrụ gị n'anya'' |Shiori Satō (olu) | |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://natalie.mu/comic/news/483283|title= 「僕愛」「君愛」主人公は宮沢氷魚が担当、橋本愛と蒔田彩珠が各作品のヒロインに|access-date= June 28, 2022|website= Natalie|language=ja}}</ref> |- |''Onye ọ bụla m hụrụ n'anya tupu'' |Shiori Satō (olu) | |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://eiga.com/movie/95718/|title= 僕が愛したすべての君へ|access-date= August 5, 2022|website= Eiga.com|language=ja}}</ref> |- |2023 |''N'Ịhụnanya na Mmiri miri emi'' |Shiori Hagiwara | |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://natalie.mu/eiga/news/484020|title= 吉沢亮×宮崎あおい×坂元裕二、Netflix映画「クレイジークルーズ」製作決定|access-date= July 4, 2022|website= Natalie|language=ja}}</ref> |- |2024 |''Obi ụtọ'' |Yuma Yamagishi |Ọrụ ndu |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://eiga.com/movie/99959/|title= ハピネス|access-date= 2 August 2023|website= Eiga.com|language=ja}}</ref> |- | rowspan="2" |2025 |''Ịsị, Saranghae, Ịsị'' |Hitomi |Ọrụ ndu; ihe nkiri dị mkpirikpi |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://eiga.com/movie/103820/|title= サラバ、さらんへ、サラバ|access-date= 29 September 2025|website= Eiga.com|language=ja}}</ref> |- |''Ụwa Na-apụ n'anya'' |Amane |Ọrụ ndu |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://eiga.com/movie/102985/|title= 消滅世界|access-date= 27 March 2025|website= Eiga.com|language=ja}}</ref> |- | rowspan="3" |2026 |''Alaeze nke ise: Esemokwu nke Mkpụrụ Obi'' |Xiang |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://eiga.com/movie/104266/|title= キングダム 魂の決戦|access-date= 3 April 2026|website= Eiga.com|language=ja}}</ref> | |- |''Lee Anya n'azụ'' |Kyomoto |Ọrụ ndu |<ref name=LookBack>{{cite web |url= https://eiga.com/movie/105185/|title= ルックバック|access-date= 9 June 2026|website= Eiga.com|language=ja}}</ref> |- |''Bye Bye Love: Detective nọ n'ụlọ mmanya'' |Akemi |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://eiga.com/movie/105889/|title= Bye Bye Love 探偵はBarにいる|access-date= 14 July 2026|website= Eiga.com|language=ja}}</ref> | |- |} === Telivishọn === {| class="wikitable sortable" !Afọ !Aha ya !Ọrụ ! class="unsortable" |Ihe edeturu ! class="unsortable" |Ref. |- |2012 |''Ịga N'Ụlọ M'' |Moe Tsuboi |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.allcinema.net/cinema/343853|title= ゴーイング マイ ホーム|access-date= June 19, 2024|website= allcinema|language=ja}}</ref> | |- |2016 |''Nwanne Nna'' |Tamaki Mizuta dị afọ 13 |''Ebe a na-esi nri'' |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.allcinema.net/cinema/356077|title= とと姉ちゃん|access-date= June 19, 2024|website= allcinema|language=ja}}</ref> |- |2018 |''Ebe A Na-adịghị Ahụ Anya'' |Chie Nakamoto |Nkebi nke 2 |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://thetv.jp/program/0000941497/2/|title= 第2話 透明なゆりかご「母性ってなに」|access-date= June 19, 2024|website= The Television|language=ja}}</ref> |- |2020 |''Kotonoha'' |Kaori Itō |Ọrụ ndu; ihe nkiri TV |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.oricon.co.jp/news/2169140/full/|title= 蒔田彩珠&桜田ひよりがダブル主演、「ドラマ甲子園」大賞作品『言の葉』|access-date= 11 August 2020|date= 10 August 2020|website= Oricon|language=ja}}</ref> |- |2021 |''Mara mma n'ụlọ, Monet'' |Michi Nagaura |''Ebe a na-esi nri'' |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.oricon.co.jp/news/2171344/full/|title= 朝ドラ『おかえりモネ』清原果耶の家族キャストに内野聖陽、鈴木京香ら|access-date= September 11, 2020|website= Oricon|language=ja}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url= https://mantan-web.jp/article/20200920dog00m200063000c.html|title= おかえりモネ：来春朝ドラで注目の"ヒロイン妹"に抜てき 18歳の実力派・蒔田彩珠って？|access-date= September 27, 2020|website= Mantan-web|language=ja}}</ref> |- |2022 |''Ọ bụrụ na nwunye m abụrụ nwa akwụkwọ elementrị.'' |Mai Niijima |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.crank-in.net/news/96911/1|title= 堤真一『妻、小学生になる。』、妻＆娘に石田ゆり子×蒔田彩珠×毎田暖乃|access-date= March 14, 2022|website= Crank-in!|language=ja}}</ref> | |- | rowspan="2" |2023 |''Makanai: Isi nri maka Ụlọ Maiko'' |Ryōko |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://natalie.mu/comic/news/460725|title= 「舞妓さんちのまかないさん」Netflixでドラマ化！監督は是枝裕和、森七菜＆出口夏希のW主演|date= January 7, 2022|access-date= January 7, 2022|website= Natalie|language=ja}}</ref> | |- |''Enyi m Kasị njọ'' |Hotaru Kasamatsu |Ọrụ ndu |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://mdpr.jp/drama/detail/3714824|title= 蒔田彩珠、連ドラ初主演 高石あかりと"友人の仮面"かぶった青春物語＜わたしの一番最悪なともだち＞|access-date= April 25, 2023|website= Model Press|language=ja}}</ref> |- | rowspan="2" |2024 |''Ụlọ Ninja'' |Nagi Tawara |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.crank-in.net/news/113996/1|title= 賀来賢人主演・原案『忍びの家 House of Ninjas』、Netflixで2024年配信|access-date= September 9, 2022|website= Crank-in!|language=ja}}</ref> | |- |''Onye nọ n'obodo a'' |Maki Mochizuki |Obere ihe nkiri |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://natalie.mu/eiga/news/595480|title= 江口洋介×蒔田彩珠で同調圧力の恐怖を描くミステリー「誰かがこの町で」ドラマ化|access-date= 17 October 2024|website= Natalie|language=ja}}</ref> |- | rowspan="2" |2025 |''Ụlọ klas Maazị Mikami'' |Aoi Tominaga |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://thetv.jp/program/0001056687/cast/|title= 御上先生の出演者・キャスト一覧|access-date= 9 January 2025|website= The Television|language=ja}}</ref> | |- |''Dọkịta Ọnụahịa'' |Aki Yonaga |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://natalie.mu/eiga/news/625572|title= 岩田剛典が医師を売り巨悪を裁く、主演ドラマが7月スタート バディは蒔田彩珠|access-date= 29 May 2025|date= 29 May 2025|website= Natalie|language=ja}}</ref> |- | |- | rowspan="2" |2026 |''Malite ọzọ'' |Tsubasa Adachi |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://thetv.jp/program/0001067526/cast/|title= リブートの出演者・キャスト一覧|access-date= 2 December 2025|website= The Television|language=ja}}</ref> | |- |''Ebe a na-egwupụta Akwụkwọ Nkume'' |Kazahi Koda |Ọrụ ndu |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.oricon.co.jp/news/2475669/full/|title= 森七菜&蒔田彩珠、W主演『地雷グリコ』実写ドラマ化 Prime Videoで11・13世界配信決定|access-date= August 24, 2026|date= August 24, 2026|website= Oricon|language=ja}}</ref> |- |} === Ebe a na-eme ihe nkiri === {| class="wikitable" !Afọ !Aha ya !Ọrụ !Ihe edeturu !Ref. |- |2018 |''Strada'' |Gelsomina |<ref>{{cite web|url=https://thetheatretimes.com/on-the-road-to-new-experiences-post-smap-with-tsuyoshi-kusanagi/|title= On The Road To New Experiences, Post-Smap, With Tsuyoshi Kusagani|access-date= June 4, 2020|website= The Theatre Times}}</ref> | |- |} === Vidio egwu === {| class="wikitable" !Afọ !Abụ !Onye na-ese ihe !Ref. |- |2018 |''Mizuiro no Hibi'' |Shishamo | |- |2020 |''Canary'' |Kenshi Yonezu |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://natalie.mu/eiga/news/405250|title= 是枝裕和が米津玄師の「カナリヤ」MVを監督、蒔田彩珠や田中泯が出演|access-date= November 19, 2020|website= Natalie|language=ja}}</ref> |- |2022 |''Koi-kaze ma ọ bụ Nosete'' |Ihe efu |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://natalie.mu/music/news/469301|title= Vaundy「恋風邪にのせて」MVに成田凌と蒔田彩珠|access-date= March 14, 2022|website= Natalie|language=ja}}</ref> |- |- |} == Onyinye na nhọpụta == {| class="wikitable sortable" !Afọ !Ihe nrite !Ụdị !Ọrụ (s) !Nsonaazụ ! class="unsortable" |Ref. |- |2018 |Ihe nrite ihe nkiri Hochi nke iri anọ na atọIhe nrite Hochi Film |Onye Ọhụrụ Kasị Mma |''Shino Enweghị Ike Ịsị Aha Ya''|{{Won}} | |- | rowspan="3" |2020 |Ihe nrite ihe nkiri Hochi nke iri anọ na ise |Onye Nkwado Kasị Mma |''Ezigbo Nne''|{{Won}} |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://natalie.mu/eiga/news/406998|title= 小栗旬が主演男優賞、星野源が助演男優賞！報知映画賞で「罪の声」最多3冠|access-date= December 2, 2020|website= Natalie|language=ja}}</ref> |- | rowspan="2" |Ihe nrite Nikkan Sports Film nke 33Nikkan Sports Film Awards |Onye Nkwado Kasị Mma | rowspan="3" |''Ezigbo Nne'' na ''N'okpuru kpakpando''|{{Nom}} | rowspan="2" |<br /> |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.nikkansports.com/entertainment/award/ns-cinema/|title= 日刊スポーツ映画大賞ノミネート発表|access-date= November 25, 2020|website= Nikkan Sports|language=ja}}</ref><br /><ref>{{cite web |url= https://natalie.mu/eiga/news/410627|title= 日スポ映画大賞で「罪の声」が作品賞に、石原裕次郎新人賞は岡田健史|access-date= December 28, 2020|website= Natalie|language=ja}}</ref> |- |Onye Ọhụrụ Kasị Mma|{{Nom}} |- | rowspan="6" |2021 |Emume ihe nkiri nke iri anọ na abụọ nke Yokohama |Onye Nkwado Kasị Mma|{{Won}} |<ref>{{cite web |url= http://yokohama-eigasai.o.oo7.jp/42-2020/42_2020_shou.html|title= 第42回ヨコハマ映画祭|access-date= December 5, 2020|website= Yokohama Film Festival|language=ja}}</ref> |- |- |Ihe nrite Mainichi nke iri asaa na iseIhe nrite Mainichi Film |Onye Nkwado Kasị Mma | rowspan="5" |''Ezigbo Nne''|{{Won}} |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.crank-in.net/news/85376/1|title= 毎日映画コンクール大賞は『MOTHER マザー』に決定 主演賞は森山未來＆水川あさみ|access-date= January 22, 2021|website= Crank-in!|language=ja}}</ref> |- |Ihe nrite Blue Ribbon nke 63 |Onye Nkwado Kasị Mma|{{Nom}} |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.chunichi.co.jp/article/179957/|title= 嵐・二宮和也主演の「浅田家!」が最多5部門でノミネート「第63回ブルーリボン賞」各部門候補を発表|access-date= January 4, 2021|website= The Chunichi Shimbun|language=ja}}</ref> |- |Onyinye Kinema Junpo nke 94Ihe nrite Kinema Junpo |Onye Nkwado Kasị Mma|{{Won}} |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://mdpr.jp/cinema/detail/2424003|title= 水川あさみ、対照的な"妻"役で主演女優賞 「自身はどちら？」と質問も＜第94回キネマ旬報ベスト・テン＞|access-date= February 4, 2021|website= Model Press|language=ja}}</ref> |- |Ihe nrite nke 44 nke Japan Academy Film |Onye Ọhụrụ nke Afọ|{{Won}} |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.oricon.co.jp/news/2182834/full/|title= 『日本アカデミー賞』優秀主演男優賞 草なぎ剛・二宮和也・小栗旬・佐藤浩市・菅田将暉が受賞|access-date= January 27, 2021|website= Oricon|language=ja}}</ref> |- |Ihe nrite ihe nkiri Eshia nke iri na ise |Onye Nkwado Kasị Mma|{{Won}} |<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.afa-academy.com/post?id=1304&cat=8&mid=8&t=news|title= The 15th Asian Film Awards Nominations Announced|access-date= September 9, 2021|website= Asian Film Awards Academy|archive-date= October 9, 2021|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20211009151444/http://www.afa-academy.com/post?id=1304&cat=8&mid=8&t=news|url-status= dead}}</ref> |- |2022 |Ihe nrite nke iri abụọ na ise nke Nikkan Sports Drama Grand Prix |Onye Nkwado Kasị Mma |''Mara mma n'ụlọ, Monet''|{{Won}} |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.nikkansports.com/entertainment/award/ns-dramagp/25/ns-dgp-result_final.html|title= 日刊スポーツ・ドラマグランプリ|access-date= May 4, 2022|website= Nikkan Sports|language=ja}}</ref> |- |} == Edensibịa == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />  == Njikọ mpụga == [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Otú:Articles with hCards]] mcr1tf5v1mbcffb03s3kwcmdgjcgk4y 727437 727436 2026-09-23T18:49:25Z Chinemeremprince 13026 727437 wikitext text/x-wiki Aju Makita (Langu田 彩珠, Makita Aju; amụrụ n'abalị asaa n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ n'afọ 2002) bụ onye na-eme ihe nkiri si Japan. == Oge ọ malitere == Makita bụ ọdụụdụ n'ime ụmụaka atọ, o nwekwara ụmụnne nwoke abụọ tọrọ ya. == Ọrụ == A mụrụ ya na Kanagawa Prefecture, Makita mere ihe nkiri mbụ ya mgbe ọ dị afọ 7.<ref name="WWD">{{cite web |title=是枝監督も才能を認める16歳の女優・蒔田彩珠 若手の登竜門「カロリーメイト」のCMにも出演 |url=https://www.wwdjapan.com/articles/823648 |website=WWDJAPAN.com |access-date=21 February 2021 |language=ja |date=8 March 2019}}</ref> N'afọ 2012, ọ pụtara n'ihe nkiri telivishọn bụ *Going My Home*, nke Hirokazu Kore-eda duziri, ma kemgbe ahụ, ọ pụtala n'ihe nkiri ya ndị ọzọ gụnyere *After the Storm* (2016), *The Third Murder* (2017), *Shoplifters* (2018) na *Look Back* (2026). O meriri ihe nrite kachasị mma na Hochi Film Award na 2018 maka Shino Can't Say Her Name, nke Hiroaki Yuasa duziri.<ref name="WWD" /><ref name="ModelPress">{{cite web |title=南沙良＆蒔田彩珠「報知映画賞」で快挙「たくさんの奇跡を運んでくれた」 - モデルプレス |url=https://mdpr.jp/cinema/detail/1811083 |website=モデルプレス |access-date=21 February 2021 |language=ja}}</ref><ref name=koreeda>{{cite web |title=18歳の実力派・蒔田彩珠、『朝が来る』で魅せる魂の熱演｜シネマトゥデイ |url=https://www.cinematoday.jp/news/N0115256 |website=シネマトゥデイ |access-date=21 February 2021 |language=ja}}</ref> O wee merie 2020 Mainichi Film Award maka Best Supporting Actress yana Hochi Film Award for Best Supporting actress for its role as a dị afọ iri na ụma dị ime na Naomi Kawase's True Mothers,<ref>{{cite web |title=【報知映画賞】１８歳・蒔田彩珠、新人賞から２年…最速＆最年少２冠達成 "河瀬流"で「怖いぐらい」表情変わった…助演女優賞 |url=https://hochi.news/articles/20210109-OHT1T50222.html|website=スポーツ報知 |access-date=21 February 2021 |language=ja |date=11 January 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Kenigsberg |first1=Ben |title='True Mothers' Review: Family Entanglements |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/01/28/movies/true-mothers-review.html |website=The New York Times |access-date=21 February 2021 |date=28 January 2021}}</ref><ref name="Guardian">{{cite web |title=True Mothers review: Naomi Kawase's heartfelt yet frustrating drama |url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/2020/sep/18/true-mothers-review-naomi-kawase |website=the Guardian |access-date=21 February 2021 |language=en |date=18 September 2020}}</ref> nke a họọrọ maka 2020 Cannes Film Festival. Ọrụ ya na ihe nkiri ahụ nwetara otuto site n'aka ndị nyocha dị ka ndị dị na ''The Guardian'', ''Los Angeles Times'', The Hollywood Reporter, na ''South China Morning Post''. <ref>{{cite web |last1=Abele |first1=Robert |title=Review: Naomi Kawase's 'True Mothers' brings sensitivity and lyricism to adoption in Japan |url=https://www.latimes.com/entertainment-arts/movies/story/2021-01-29/review-true-mothers-drama-japan-naomi-kawase |website=Los Angeles Times |access-date=21 February 2021 |date=29 January 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title='True Mothers' ('Asa ga Kuru'): Film Review |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/true-mothers-asa-ga-kuru-film-review |website=The Hollywood Reporter |access-date=21 February 2021 |language=en |date=23 October 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=True Mothers: Naomi Kawase's moving adoption drama |url=https://www.scmp.com/lifestyle/entertainment/article/3102138/toronto-2020-true-mothers-movie-review-moving-adoption |website=South China Morning Post |access-date=21 February 2021 |language=en |date=18 September 2020}}</ref> == Ihe nkiri == === Ihe nkiri === {| class="wikitable sortable" !Afọ !Aha ya !Ọrụ ! class="unsortable" |Ihe edeturu ! class="unsortable" |Ref. |- |2016 |''Mgbe Oké Ifufe ahụ gasịrị'' |Aju |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.allcinema.net/cinema/355278|title= 海よりもまだ深く|access-date= June 19, 2024|website= allcinema}}</ref> | |- | rowspan="2" |2017 |''Ogbugbu nke Atọ'' |Yuka Shigemori | |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://eiga.com/movie/88449/|title= 万引き家族|access-date= June 4, 2020|website= [[Eiga.com]]|language=ja}}</ref> |- |''Egwú Ìhè'' |Nagisa |Ọrụ ndu; ihe nkiri dị mkpirikpi |<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/07/18/movies/review-third-murder-koreeda.html|title=Review: In 'The Third Murder,' Guilty as Charged isn't the Whole Story.|access-date= June 4, 2020|website= The New York Times}}</ref> |- | rowspan="4" |2018 |''Ndị na-ezu ohi'' |Sayaka Shibata | | |- |''Enyi m "A"'' |Yui Shiraishi ||<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.allcinema.net/cinema/362547|title= 友罪|access-date= June 19, 2024|website= allcinema|language=ja}}</ref> | |- |''Nkịta Na Aka Ha'' |Caliby / Hono Nakayama | ||<ref>{{cite web |url= https://eiga.com/movie/88358/|title= 猫は抱くもの|access-date= June 4, 2020|website= Eiga.com|language=ja}}</ref> |- |''Shino Enweghị Ike Ịsị Aha Ya'' |Kayo Okazaki |Ọrụ ndu |<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/culture/2018/07/11/films/film-reviews/shino-cant-say-name-teenage-struggle-speaks-everyone/#.Xm9EPZMzbwc|title='Shino Can't Say Her Name': A teenage struggle that speaks to everyone|access-date= June 4, 2020|website= The Japan Times}}</ref> |- |2019 |''Abụ Strawberry'' |Nwa agbọghọ ọdachi ahụ metụtara | |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://eiga.com/movie/89736/|title= いちごの唄|access-date= June 4, 2020|website= Eiga.com|language=ja}}</ref> |- | rowspan="3" |2020 |''Ezigbo Nne'' |Hikari Katakura | |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://eiga.com/movie/91312/|title= 朝が来る|access-date= June 4, 2020|website= Eiga.com|language=ja}}</ref><ref name="Guardian"/> |- |''#HandballStrive'' |Kurosawa |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://eiga.com/movie/91103/|title= ＃ハンド全力|access-date= June 4, 2020|website= Eiga.com|language=ja}}</ref> | |- |''N'okpuru kpakpando'' |Mah-chan |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://eiga.com/news/20200818/1/|title= 芦田愛菜主演「星の子」に岡田将生、大友康平、高良健吾、黒木華らが出演！ 本予告も完成|access-date= August 19, 2020|website= Eiga.com|language=ja}}</ref> | |- | rowspan="3" |2021 |''Nwa nke ọnwa Kamiari'' |Kanna (olu) |Ọrụ ndu |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://eiga.com/movie/93033/|title= 神在月のこども|access-date= June 4, 2020|website= Eiga.com|language=ja}}</ref> |- |''DIVOC-12'' | |Ọrụ ndu; akụkụ ''"Yen"'' |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://realsound.jp/movie/2021/04/post-752439.html|title= 富司純子、藤原季節、蒔田彩珠、中村ゆり、前田敦子ら『DIVOC-12』第1弾キャスト発表|access-date= April 30, 2021|website= Real Sound|language=ja}}</ref> |- |''99.9 Onye ọka iwu mpụ: Ihe nkiri'' |Eri Nagumo |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.cinemacafe.net/article/2021/08/24/74404.html|title= 西島秀俊が謎の弁護士役、蒔田彩珠＆道枝駿佑ら『99.9』新キャスト|access-date= August 24, 2021|website= Cinema Cafe|language=ja}}</ref> | |- | rowspan="3" |2022 |''Ndị Japan Dị Ọcha'' |Ayumi |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.crank-in.net/news/92374/1|title= ディーン・フジオカ主演＆企画＆プロデュースのアクション映画製作 ヒロインに蒔田彩珠|access-date= July 30, 2021|website= Crank-in!|language=ja}}</ref> | |- |''Nye m, Onye hụrụ gị n'anya'' |Shiori Satō (olu) | |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://natalie.mu/comic/news/483283|title= 「僕愛」「君愛」主人公は宮沢氷魚が担当、橋本愛と蒔田彩珠が各作品のヒロインに|access-date= June 28, 2022|website= Natalie|language=ja}}</ref> |- |''Onye ọ bụla m hụrụ n'anya tupu'' |Shiori Satō (olu) | |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://eiga.com/movie/95718/|title= 僕が愛したすべての君へ|access-date= August 5, 2022|website= Eiga.com|language=ja}}</ref> |- |2023 |''N'Ịhụnanya na Mmiri miri emi'' |Shiori Hagiwara | |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://natalie.mu/eiga/news/484020|title= 吉沢亮×宮崎あおい×坂元裕二、Netflix映画「クレイジークルーズ」製作決定|access-date= July 4, 2022|website= Natalie|language=ja}}</ref> |- |2024 |''Obi ụtọ'' |Yuma Yamagishi |Ọrụ ndu |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://eiga.com/movie/99959/|title= ハピネス|access-date= 2 August 2023|website= Eiga.com|language=ja}}</ref> |- | rowspan="2" |2025 |''Ịsị, Saranghae, Ịsị'' |Hitomi |Ọrụ ndu; ihe nkiri dị mkpirikpi |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://eiga.com/movie/103820/|title= サラバ、さらんへ、サラバ|access-date= 29 September 2025|website= Eiga.com|language=ja}}</ref> |- |''Ụwa Na-apụ n'anya'' |Amane |Ọrụ ndu |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://eiga.com/movie/102985/|title= 消滅世界|access-date= 27 March 2025|website= Eiga.com|language=ja}}</ref> |- | rowspan="3" |2026 |''Alaeze nke ise: Esemokwu nke Mkpụrụ Obi'' |Xiang |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://eiga.com/movie/104266/|title= キングダム 魂の決戦|access-date= 3 April 2026|website= Eiga.com|language=ja}}</ref> | |- |''Lee Anya n'azụ'' |Kyomoto |Ọrụ ndu |<ref name=LookBack>{{cite web |url= https://eiga.com/movie/105185/|title= ルックバック|access-date= 9 June 2026|website= Eiga.com|language=ja}}</ref> |- |''Bye Bye Love: Detective nọ n'ụlọ mmanya'' |Akemi |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://eiga.com/movie/105889/|title= Bye Bye Love 探偵はBarにいる|access-date= 14 July 2026|website= Eiga.com|language=ja}}</ref> | |- |} === Telivishọn === {| class="wikitable sortable" !Afọ !Aha ya !Ọrụ ! class="unsortable" |Ihe edeturu ! class="unsortable" |Ref. |- |2012 |''Ịga N'Ụlọ M'' |Moe Tsuboi |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.allcinema.net/cinema/343853|title= ゴーイング マイ ホーム|access-date= June 19, 2024|website= allcinema|language=ja}}</ref> | |- |2016 |''Nwanne Nna'' |Tamaki Mizuta dị afọ 13 |''Ebe a na-esi nri'' |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.allcinema.net/cinema/356077|title= とと姉ちゃん|access-date= June 19, 2024|website= allcinema|language=ja}}</ref> |- |2018 |''Ebe A Na-adịghị Ahụ Anya'' |Chie Nakamoto |Nkebi nke 2 |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://thetv.jp/program/0000941497/2/|title= 第2話 透明なゆりかご「母性ってなに」|access-date= June 19, 2024|website= The Television|language=ja}}</ref> |- |2020 |''Kotonoha'' |Kaori Itō |Ọrụ ndu; ihe nkiri TV |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.oricon.co.jp/news/2169140/full/|title= 蒔田彩珠&桜田ひよりがダブル主演、「ドラマ甲子園」大賞作品『言の葉』|access-date= 11 August 2020|date= 10 August 2020|website= Oricon|language=ja}}</ref> |- |2021 |''Mara mma n'ụlọ, Monet'' |Michi Nagaura |''Ebe a na-esi nri'' |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.oricon.co.jp/news/2171344/full/|title= 朝ドラ『おかえりモネ』清原果耶の家族キャストに内野聖陽、鈴木京香ら|access-date= September 11, 2020|website= Oricon|language=ja}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url= https://mantan-web.jp/article/20200920dog00m200063000c.html|title= おかえりモネ：来春朝ドラで注目の"ヒロイン妹"に抜てき 18歳の実力派・蒔田彩珠って？|access-date= September 27, 2020|website= Mantan-web|language=ja}}</ref> |- |2022 |''Ọ bụrụ na nwunye m abụrụ nwa akwụkwọ elementrị.'' |Mai Niijima |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.crank-in.net/news/96911/1|title= 堤真一『妻、小学生になる。』、妻＆娘に石田ゆり子×蒔田彩珠×毎田暖乃|access-date= March 14, 2022|website= Crank-in!|language=ja}}</ref> | |- | rowspan="2" |2023 |''Makanai: Isi nri maka Ụlọ Maiko'' |Ryōko |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://natalie.mu/comic/news/460725|title= 「舞妓さんちのまかないさん」Netflixでドラマ化！監督は是枝裕和、森七菜＆出口夏希のW主演|date= January 7, 2022|access-date= January 7, 2022|website= Natalie|language=ja}}</ref> | |- |''Enyi m Kasị njọ'' |Hotaru Kasamatsu |Ọrụ ndu |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://mdpr.jp/drama/detail/3714824|title= 蒔田彩珠、連ドラ初主演 高石あかりと"友人の仮面"かぶった青春物語＜わたしの一番最悪なともだち＞|access-date= April 25, 2023|website= Model Press|language=ja}}</ref> |- | rowspan="2" |2024 |''Ụlọ Ninja'' |Nagi Tawara |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.crank-in.net/news/113996/1|title= 賀来賢人主演・原案『忍びの家 House of Ninjas』、Netflixで2024年配信|access-date= September 9, 2022|website= Crank-in!|language=ja}}</ref> | |- |''Onye nọ n'obodo a'' |Maki Mochizuki |Obere ihe nkiri |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://natalie.mu/eiga/news/595480|title= 江口洋介×蒔田彩珠で同調圧力の恐怖を描くミステリー「誰かがこの町で」ドラマ化|access-date= 17 October 2024|website= Natalie|language=ja}}</ref> |- | rowspan="2" |2025 |''Ụlọ klas Maazị Mikami'' |Aoi Tominaga |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://thetv.jp/program/0001056687/cast/|title= 御上先生の出演者・キャスト一覧|access-date= 9 January 2025|website= The Television|language=ja}}</ref> | |- |''Dọkịta Ọnụahịa'' |Aki Yonaga |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://natalie.mu/eiga/news/625572|title= 岩田剛典が医師を売り巨悪を裁く、主演ドラマが7月スタート バディは蒔田彩珠|access-date= 29 May 2025|date= 29 May 2025|website= Natalie|language=ja}}</ref> |- | |- | rowspan="2" |2026 |''Malite ọzọ'' |Tsubasa Adachi |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://thetv.jp/program/0001067526/cast/|title= リブートの出演者・キャスト一覧|access-date= 2 December 2025|website= The Television|language=ja}}</ref> | |- |''Ebe a na-egwupụta Akwụkwọ Nkume'' |Kazahi Koda |Ọrụ ndu |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.oricon.co.jp/news/2475669/full/|title= 森七菜&蒔田彩珠、W主演『地雷グリコ』実写ドラマ化 Prime Videoで11・13世界配信決定|access-date= August 24, 2026|date= August 24, 2026|website= Oricon|language=ja}}</ref> |- |} === Ebe a na-eme ihe nkiri === {| class="wikitable" !Afọ !Aha ya !Ọrụ !Ihe edeturu !Ref. |- |2018 |''Strada'' |Gelsomina |<ref>{{cite web|url=https://thetheatretimes.com/on-the-road-to-new-experiences-post-smap-with-tsuyoshi-kusanagi/|title= On The Road To New Experiences, Post-Smap, With Tsuyoshi Kusagani|access-date= June 4, 2020|website= The Theatre Times}}</ref> | |- |} === Vidio egwu === {| class="wikitable" !Afọ !Abụ !Onye na-ese ihe !Ref. |- |2018 |''Mizuiro no Hibi'' |Shishamo | |- |2020 |''Canary'' |Kenshi Yonezu |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://natalie.mu/eiga/news/405250|title= 是枝裕和が米津玄師の「カナリヤ」MVを監督、蒔田彩珠や田中泯が出演|access-date= November 19, 2020|website= Natalie|language=ja}}</ref> |- |2022 |''Koi-kaze ma ọ bụ Nosete'' |Ihe efu |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://natalie.mu/music/news/469301|title= Vaundy「恋風邪にのせて」MVに成田凌と蒔田彩珠|access-date= March 14, 2022|website= Natalie|language=ja}}</ref> |- |- |} == Onyinye na nhọpụta == {| class="wikitable sortable" !Afọ !Ihe nrite !Ụdị !Ọrụ (s) !Nsonaazụ ! class="unsortable" |Ref. |- |2018 |Ihe nrite ihe nkiri Hochi nke iri anọ na atọIhe nrite Hochi Film |Onye Ọhụrụ Kasị Mma |''Shino Enweghị Ike Ịsị Aha Ya''|{{Won}} | |- | rowspan="3" |2020 |Ihe nrite ihe nkiri Hochi nke iri anọ na ise |Onye Nkwado Kasị Mma |''Ezigbo Nne''|{{Won}} |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://natalie.mu/eiga/news/406998|title= 小栗旬が主演男優賞、星野源が助演男優賞！報知映画賞で「罪の声」最多3冠|access-date= December 2, 2020|website= Natalie|language=ja}}</ref> |- | rowspan="2" |Ihe nrite Nikkan Sports Film nke 33Nikkan Sports Film Awards |Onye Nkwado Kasị Mma | rowspan="3" |''Ezigbo Nne'' na ''N'okpuru kpakpando''|{{Nom}} | rowspan="2" |<br /> |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.nikkansports.com/entertainment/award/ns-cinema/|title= 日刊スポーツ映画大賞ノミネート発表|access-date= November 25, 2020|website= Nikkan Sports|language=ja}}</ref><br /><ref>{{cite web |url= https://natalie.mu/eiga/news/410627|title= 日スポ映画大賞で「罪の声」が作品賞に、石原裕次郎新人賞は岡田健史|access-date= December 28, 2020|website= Natalie|language=ja}}</ref> |- |Onye Ọhụrụ Kasị Mma|{{Nom}} |- | rowspan="6" |2021 |Emume ihe nkiri nke iri anọ na abụọ nke Yokohama |Onye Nkwado Kasị Mma|{{Won}} |<ref>{{cite web |url= http://yokohama-eigasai.o.oo7.jp/42-2020/42_2020_shou.html|title= 第42回ヨコハマ映画祭|access-date= December 5, 2020|website= Yokohama Film Festival|language=ja}}</ref> |- |- |Ihe nrite Mainichi nke iri asaa na iseIhe nrite Mainichi Film |Onye Nkwado Kasị Mma | rowspan="5" |''Ezigbo Nne''|{{Won}} |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.crank-in.net/news/85376/1|title= 毎日映画コンクール大賞は『MOTHER マザー』に決定 主演賞は森山未來＆水川あさみ|access-date= January 22, 2021|website= Crank-in!|language=ja}}</ref> |- |Ihe nrite Blue Ribbon nke 63 |Onye Nkwado Kasị Mma|{{Nom}} |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.chunichi.co.jp/article/179957/|title= 嵐・二宮和也主演の「浅田家!」が最多5部門でノミネート「第63回ブルーリボン賞」各部門候補を発表|access-date= January 4, 2021|website= The Chunichi Shimbun|language=ja}}</ref> |- |Onyinye Kinema Junpo nke 94Ihe nrite Kinema Junpo |Onye Nkwado Kasị Mma|{{Won}} |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://mdpr.jp/cinema/detail/2424003|title= 水川あさみ、対照的な"妻"役で主演女優賞 「自身はどちら？」と質問も＜第94回キネマ旬報ベスト・テン＞|access-date= February 4, 2021|website= Model Press|language=ja}}</ref> |- |Ihe nrite nke 44 nke Japan Academy Film |Onye Ọhụrụ nke Afọ|{{Won}} |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.oricon.co.jp/news/2182834/full/|title= 『日本アカデミー賞』優秀主演男優賞 草なぎ剛・二宮和也・小栗旬・佐藤浩市・菅田将暉が受賞|access-date= January 27, 2021|website= Oricon|language=ja}}</ref> |- |Ihe nrite ihe nkiri Eshia nke iri na ise |Onye Nkwado Kasị Mma|{{Won}} |<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.afa-academy.com/post?id=1304&cat=8&mid=8&t=news|title= The 15th Asian Film Awards Nominations Announced|access-date= September 9, 2021|website= Asian Film Awards Academy|archive-date= October 9, 2021|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20211009151444/http://www.afa-academy.com/post?id=1304&cat=8&mid=8&t=news|url-status= dead}}</ref> |- |2022 |Ihe nrite nke iri abụọ na ise nke Nikkan Sports Drama Grand Prix |Onye Nkwado Kasị Mma |''Mara mma n'ụlọ, Monet''|{{Won}} |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.nikkansports.com/entertainment/award/ns-dramagp/25/ns-dgp-result_final.html|title= 日刊スポーツ・ドラマグランプリ|access-date= May 4, 2022|website= Nikkan Sports|language=ja}}</ref> |- |} == Edensibịa == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />  == Njikọ mpụga == [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Otú:Articles with hCards]] gn47moc4w5ywikfb6kboyoc8y9barau 0 80738 727393 2026-09-23T12:43:15Z Nachi kim 20090 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1319496583|Elnora Daniel]]" 727393 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elnora Delores Belle Daniel''' (née Belle; Nọvemba 19, 1941 - Maachị 4, 2024) bụ onye nọọsụ na onye nkuzi Amerịka. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye isi oche nke Mahadum Chicago Steeti site na 1998 ruo 2008. N'afọ 1986, ọ ghọrọ onye isi oche Afrịka Amerịka mbụ nke Òtù Nlekọta Ndị Nọọsụ nke Steeti Virginia. == Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ == A mụrụ Elnora Delores Belle na Oxford, North Carolina na Nọvemba 19, 1941. Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị na 1959, ọ debanyere aha na Mahadum Steeti North Carolina A&, nweta nzere bachelọ na 1964. N'afọ 1968, ọ nwetara nzere Master of Education na Mahadum Columbia. N'afọ 1972, ọ debara aha ya na Kọleji nke William na Mary, ma mesịa nweta nzere Doctor of Education na Mahadum Columbia n'afọ 1976. <ref name=":0" /> Akwụkwọ edemede doctoral ya bụ : Dị ka ndị otu Faculty na ndị mmụta si ghọta na Mmemme Mmụta Nọọsụ Baccalaureate.<ref name="dissertation" /> == Ọrụ == Mgbe ọ nwetasịrị nzere bachelọ ya, Daniel rụrụ ọrụ dị ka nọọsụ na New York Medical Center . Ọ sonyeere ngalaba nke Mahadum Hampton na 1968, wee bụrụ Dean nke School of Nursing na 1980. <ref name=":0" /> N'afọ 1985, ọ bụ Dean nke Hampton's Interdisciplinary Nursing Centre maka Ahụike na Ahụike . <ref name=":0" /><ref name=":2" /> N'afọ 1986, ọ ghọrọ onye u nke abụọ so na VIrginia State Board of Nursing, na onye Afrịka Amerịka mbụ jere ozi dị ka onye isi oche ya.<ref name=":2" /> A họpụtara Daniel dịka osote onyeisi oche nke ihe gbasara agụmakwụkwọ na Hampton n'afọ 1991, ma bụrụ onyeisi nke Mahadum Hampton n'afọ 1995.. <ref name=":0" /><ref name=":2" /> Daniel bụrụ onyeisi oche nke Mahadum Steeti Chicago na 1998, ọkwa o ji ruo afọ iri. Ọ gbara arụkwaghịm na CSU site na June 30, 2008, ebe a katọrọ ya maka otú o si emefu ego. Otu ihe atụ bụ mbipụta akwụkwọ tebụl kọfị iji sọpụrụ onwe ya. Mbipụta akwụkwọ ahụ ruru $18,000, nke e tinyere na akaụntụ gọọmentị ya dịka onyeisi oche mahadum. N'ime nyocha steeti ahụ, ekpughekwara na Daniel mefuru ihe karịrị $15,000 nke ego mahadum iji gaa ogbako ndị ndu n'ụgbọ mmiri njem ya na ndị ezinụlọ ise. Ọ laghachiri Hampton n'afọ 2008 dị ka onye enyemaka pụrụ iche nye onye isi ala maka nyocha. Na mgbakwunye na ọrụ ya dị ka onye nchịkwa agụmakwụkwọ, Daniel rụrụ ọrụ na W.K. Kellogg Foundation dị ka onye ndụmọdụ ahụike maka ụfọdụ mba Afrịka, gụnyere [[Eswatini|Swaziland]] na [[Zimbabwe]]. Daniel rụkwara ọrụ dị ka onye nọọsụ na ndị agha United States. N'afọ 1972, ọ ghọrọ Captain nke U.S. Air Force Reserve, na 1979, ọ gafere na U.S Army Nurse Corps, ma mesịa nweta ọkwa nke Colonel. Daniel jere ozi dị ka Chief Nurse, 18th Field Hospital na Virginia tupu ebufee ya ịchọta ụlọ akwụkwọ ọzụzụ na 2076th U.S. Army Reserve School na Wilmington, Delaware. N'afọ 2001, ọbá akwụkwọ Congress gbara ya ajụjụ ọnụ dị ka akụkụ nke Veterans History Project . == Ọnwụ == JElora D. Daniel nwụrụ na Machị 4, 2024. == Ihe odide == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" /> {{Authority control}} d7kb8nig8uhw62l58qqqfr5p8tbr8xf 0 80739 727394 2026-09-23T12:49:02Z Nachi kim 20090 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1342994064|Phyllis Worthy Dawkins]]" 727394 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles>{{Infobox officeholder | name = Phyllis Worthy Dawkins | office = 18th President of [[Bennett College]] | term_start = July 2017 | term_end = June 2019 | predecessor = [[Rosalind Fuse-Hall]] | successor = [[Gwendolyn O’Neal]] (interim) | children = 2 | education = [[Johnson C. Smith University]]<br>[[University of Michigan]]<br>[[Ohio State University]] | birth_date = {{birth year and age|1953}} | birth_name = Phyllis Delores Worthy }} '''Phyllis Worthy Dawkins''' (amụrụ n'afọ 1953) bụ onye nchịkwa agụmakwụkwọ Amerịka nke jere ozi dị ka onye isi oche nke iri na asatọ nke Bennett kọleji site na 2017 ruo 2019. Ọ bụbu onye isi na Mahadum Cheyney nke Pennsylvania ebe ọ rụkwara ọrụ dị ka onye isi oche na 2014. == Ndụ == A mụrụ Phyllis Delores Worthy n'afọ 1953. Ọ nwetara B.S. na Mahadum Johnson C. Smith . Ọ gụsịrị M.A. na Mahadum nke Michigan . <ref name=":0" /> O nwetara Ph.D. na Mahadum Ohio Steeti . <ref name=":0" /> Akwụkwọ nchọpụta ya nke afọ 1984 bụ nke akpọrọ, Nyocha nke Nkà Mmegharị Uche Dị Mkpa nke Ụmụaka Ndị Ojii na Ndị Ome Obodo nke Oge Ụmụaka nke Oge Etiti . <ref name=":4" /> Walter F. Ersing bụ onye ndụmọdụ doctoral ya. <ref name=":4" /> Dawkins rụrụ ọrụ na Mahadum Johnson C. Smith ihe karịrị afọ 28. Ọrụ ọ rụrụ n'ebe ahụ gụnyere onye isi agụmakwụkwọ / onye nchịkwa / Dean nke kọleji Akwụkwọ nchọpụta ya nke afọ 1984 bụ nke akpọrọ Ọmụmụ Ọrụ Ọkachamara, osote onye isi oche na-ahụ maka ihe gbasara agụmakwụkwọ, na prọfesọ nke agụmakwụkwọ. Ọ sonyeere Mahadum Dillard na 2009 ebe ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye isi, osote onye isi oche maka ihe gbasara agụmakwụkwọ, na prọfesọ nke agụmakwụkwọ.<ref name=":1" /> N'abalị ise n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ n'afọ 2013, ọ ghọrọ onye isi na osote onye isi oche maka ihe gbasara agụmakwụkwọ na Mahadum Cheyney nke Pennsylvania . <ref name=":2" /> Dawkins nọchiri onye isi ụlọ ọrụ Bernadette Carter.<ref name=":2" /> Ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye isi oche na-anọchite anya ya na 2014. N'ọnwa Nọvemba afọ 2015, Dawkins sonyeere ngalaba na Bennett kọleji dị ka onye isi ya na osote onye isi oche maka ihe gbasara agụmakwụkwọ. Mgbe [[Rosalind Fuse-Hall]] gbara arụkwaghịm, ọ ghọrọ onye isi oche ya n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ afọ 2016. <ref name=":3" /> A họpụtara ya dị ka onye isi oche nke iri na asatọ na Julaị 2017. <ref name=":3" /> Ọ kwụsịrị n'ọnwa Juun afọ 2019 ma onye isi ala Gwendolyn O"Neal nọchiri ya. Na Disemba 11, 2019, ọ ghọrọ onye isi mba na Òtù Azụmaahịa Mgbanwe Kansụl. Ọ bụ osote onye isi oche nke Ndị otu nlekọta Goddard kọleji. <ref name=":0" /> Dawkins na di ya, Bobby G. Dawkins nwere ụmụ nwanyị abụọ. == Ihe odide ==   {{Authority control}} [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] mgmbtu8fmm6bjyj8ob08330j8nbw7ec 0 80740 727434 2026-09-23T16:46:03Z Goodymeraj 16207 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1367816268|Kou Baimen]]" 727434 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Kou Baimen''' (, amụrụ n'afọ 1624 ) bụ onye China [[:en:Courtesan|na-agba akwụna]], na-ede uri, na ''[[:en:Eight_Beauties_of_Qinhuai|otu n'ime ndị mara mma asatọ nke Qinhuai]]'' ([[:en:Chinese_language|Chinese]]) n'Oge mgbanwe Ming-Qing. == Akụkọ ndụ == A mụrụ Kou Baimen dị ka Kou Mei (寇湄) n’afọ 1624. O biiri na [[:en:Qinhuai_District|Qinhuai District]] nke [[:en:Nanjing|Nanjing]], ma debanye aha ya n’akwụkwọ gọọmentị dịka nwanyị na-arụ ọrụ ịgba akwụna n’okpuru Southern Entertainment Bureau, ụlọ ọrụ gọọmentị nke na-ahụ maka ọzụzụ na njikwa ụmụ nwanyị na-arụ ọrụ ịgba akwụna na China..<ref name=":6">{{Cite web |title=WCP4 - James Cahill - Professor Emeritus, History of Art - UC Berkeley |url=https://jamescahill.info/the-writings-of-james-cahill/women-in-chinese-paintings/116-wcp4 |access-date=2025-11-25 |website=jamescahill.info}}</ref> Mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na asatọ ma ọ bụ iri na itoolu, onye ọchịchị nọ n’ọkwa dị elu, Zhu Guobi [zh] (朱國弼), kwụrụ [[:en:Indenture|ụgwọ iji wepụ ya n’akwụkwọ nkwekọrịta ọrụ mmanye ya]], ọ ghọzie [<nowiki/>[[:en:Concubinage|nwunye nta]] ya.<ref name=":62">{{Cite web |title=WCP4 - James Cahill - Professor Emeritus, History of Art - UC Berkeley |url=https://jamescahill.info/the-writings-of-james-cahill/women-in-chinese-paintings/116-wcp4 |access-date=2025-11-25 |website=jamescahill.info}}</ref> Ha mere emume ọlụlụ ha n’emume n'ụzọ mara mma nke ukwuu, ebe ndị agha puku ise guzoro n’akụkụ ụzọ site na [[:en:Wudong_Bridge|Wudong Bridge]] ruo n’ụlọ Zhu dị na Nei Bridge.<ref name=":63">{{Cite web |title=WCP4 - James Cahill - Professor Emeritus, History of Art - UC Berkeley |url=https://jamescahill.info/the-writings-of-james-cahill/women-in-chinese-paintings/116-wcp4 |access-date=2025-11-25 |website=jamescahill.info}}</ref> Mgbe a kwaturu [[:en:Ming_dynasty|usoro ndị eze Ming]], Nanjing adanyekwa n'aka ndị Machus na 1644, Zhu, ebe ọ tụfurula ihe niile, kpebiri ire Baimen. Kama nke ahụ, o mere ka o kwenye na ịtọhapụ ya bara uru karịa. Ọ laghachiri Qinhuai iji maliteghachi ọrụ dị ka akwụna, ma nwee ike iziga ọlaedo dị puku iri nye Zhu n'ime otu ọnwa.<ref name=":7" /> Otú ọ dị, n'akwụkwọ ya ''Banqiao zaji'' ma ọ bụ Miscellaneous Records of the Wooden Bridge), Yu Huai kesara ihe omume dị iche. Dị ka o si kwuo, n'ọnwa nke atọ nke ''jiashen'', mgbe isi obodo dachara, e weghaara ihe onwunwe Zhu niile ma Baimen nyere ya mpempe ọla edo otu puku iji gbanwere ntọhapụ ya.<ref>{{Citation |last=Huai |first=Yu |title=Plum Shadows and Plank Bridge |date=2019-12-31 |pages=65–184 |access-date=2025-11-26 |chapter=Miscellaneous Records of the Plank Bridge |chapter-url=https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.7312/mao-18684-005/html |publisher=Columbia University Press |doi=10.7312/mao-18684-005 |isbn=978-0-231-54686-7}}</ref> Ọ sooro onye odibo nwanyị n'elu ịnyịnya gaa Qinhuai, wee ghọọ ''nüxia'' (nsugharị. nwanyị knight bụ onye oje ozi), na-ewu ogige, na-eme ndị enyi obi ụtọ, ma na-eso ndị na-ede uri na ndị na-ese ihe na-emekọ ihe mgbe niile. Ọ bụ ezie na iji aha ''nüxia'' ma ọ bụ ''xianu'' n’akụkọ ifo na ihe nkiri na-ezube igosi nka onye a nwere n’ịlụ ọgụ na nka ya n’ime mmegwara, n’ọnọdụ a, okwu ahụ “na-egosi omume na-adịghị agbaso omenala, obi ike, mmesapụ aka, mkpebi siri ike, na nnwere onwe nke mmụọ.” <ref name=":7" />E nwekwara “ihe na-egosi àgwà ndị nwoke na ịgafe ókèala nwoke na nwanyị” n’iji aha ahụ.<ref name=":7" />Onye na-ede uri na-akọ akụkọ ihe mere eme bụ Qian Qianyi kọwakwara Baimen dị ka ''nüxia'' maka "iwere ọdịnihu ya n'aka ya ma gosipụta nnwere onwe nke mmụọ ya". <ref name=":7">{{Citation |last=Li |first=Wai-yee |title=Writing Women in Late Imperial China |date=1997-04-01 |pages=46–73 |editor-last=Widmer |editor-first=Ellen |editor-last2=Chang |editor-first2=Kang-i Sun |access-date=2025-11-26 |chapter=2 The Late Ming Courtesan: Invention of a Cultural Ideal |chapter-url=https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/9780804765916-005/html |publisher=Stanford University Press |doi=10.1515/9780804765916-005 |isbn=978-0-8047-6591-6}}</ref> Baimen nabatara onye na-ede uri Fang Wen [zh](方文) n’afọ 1655, ma o dere uri atọ maka ya.{{sfn|Dai|2004|p=140}} Ndị nka nke oge ahụ, gụnyere [[:en:Fan_Qi_(artist)|Fan Qi]] na [[:en:Wu_Hong|Wu Hong]], serekwa ọtụtụ ihe osise ya. == Edensibịa == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />  == Akwụkwọ == *   *   {{Eight Beauties of Qinhuai}}{{Prostitution in China}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Baimen, Kou}} [[Otú:Articles with hCards]] 5z82lpgyw3cq7doma4884goixqsn6vj 3 80741 727435 2026-09-23T18:00:43Z DolphybBot 61063 Nabata onye ohuru na Igbo Wikipedia! (bot) 727435 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Nnọọ|username=Ifenomenal|bot=[[Ojiarụ:DolphybBot|DolphybBot]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:DolphybBot|ṅkátá]]) 18:00, 23 Septemba 2026 (UTC)}} 6gsy67vvifkfsydaxz6eoqvipnsl8yy 0 80742 727485 2026-09-24T03:04:12Z Goodymeraj 16207 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1360619779|Bissula]]" 727485 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Bissula''' (nke nwere ọganihu na narị afọ nke anọ AD) bụ nwanyị [[:en:Alemanni|Alemannic]] na narị afọ de anọ. Ndị Rom jidere ya na 368 na Agha nke Solicinium, n'ógbè Württemberg, mgbe ọ dị obere, o wee ghọọ ohu nke onye Rom na-ede uri Ausonius onye sonyere na mkpọsa ahụ.<ref name=":0">{{Citation |last=Richlin |first=Amy |title=Sex in Antiquity |date=2014 |access-date=2024-02-22 |chapter=Reading Boy-Love and Child-Love in the Greco-Roman World |chapter-url=https://www.taylorfrancis.com/chapters/edit/10.4324/9781315747910-24/reading-boy-love-child-love-greco-roman-world-amy-richlin |publisher=Routledge |doi=10.4324/9781315747910-24&type=chapterpdf |doi-broken-date=1 July 2025 |isbn=978-1-315-74791-0 |author-link=Amy Richlin}}</ref> Ausonius, onye nwunye ya nwụrụ n'oge ahụ dị ihe dị ka afọ iri isii, hụrụ Bissula n'anya ma tọhapụ ya n'ohu. O dere uri banyere ya, de ''Bissula'' ("About Bissula"), nke o zigaara enyi ya Paulus.<ref name=":0" /> == Edensibịa == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />  == Ebe e si nweta ya == * [http://www.intratext.com/IXT/LAT0276/_P4.HTM Ihe odide Latịn] nke mmalite nke akụkụ bụ isi. Pịa na Next maka akụkụ na-esote. * [http://www.deutsche-liebeslyrik.de/europaische_liebeslyrik/ausonius_bissula.htm ''Liebesgedichte an Bissula''], nsụgharị German nke M. W. Besser, 1908 * Friedrich Marx: Ausonius 3. Na: Paulys Realencyclopädie der classischen Altertumswissenschaft (RE). Ìgwè nke Abụọ,2, Stuttgart 1896, Sp. 2562-2580, n'oge gara aga Sp. 2564 na Sp. 2571. * Felix Dahn: Gesammelte Werke. Erste Serie, Band 3. Berlin 1884. bz58pvo4qxr3kpt3tdi0413k62u914s 727486 727485 2026-09-24T03:05:18Z Goodymeraj 16207 727486 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Bissula''' (nke nwere ọganihu na narị afọ nke anọ AD) bụ nwanyị [[:en:Alemanni|Alemannic]] na narị afọ nke anọ. Ndị Rom jidere ya na 368 na Agha nke Solicinium, n'ógbè Württemberg, mgbe ọ dị obere, o wee ghọọ ohu nke onye Rom na-ede uri Ausonius onye sonyere na mkpọsa ahụ.<ref name=":0">{{Citation |last=Richlin |first=Amy |title=Sex in Antiquity |date=2014 |access-date=2024-02-22 |chapter=Reading Boy-Love and Child-Love in the Greco-Roman World |chapter-url=https://www.taylorfrancis.com/chapters/edit/10.4324/9781315747910-24/reading-boy-love-child-love-greco-roman-world-amy-richlin |publisher=Routledge |doi=10.4324/9781315747910-24&type=chapterpdf |doi-broken-date=1 July 2025 |isbn=978-1-315-74791-0 |author-link=Amy Richlin}}</ref> Ausonius, onye nwunye ya nwụrụ n'oge ahụ dị ihe dị ka afọ iri isii, hụrụ Bissula n'anya ma tọhapụ ya n'ohu. O dere uri banyere ya, de ''Bissula'' ("About Bissula"), nke o zigaara enyi ya Paulus.<ref name=":0" /> == Edensibịa == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />  == Ebe e si nweta ya == * [http://www.intratext.com/IXT/LAT0276/_P4.HTM Ihe odide Latịn] nke mmalite nke akụkụ bụ isi. Pịa na Next maka akụkụ na-esote. * [http://www.deutsche-liebeslyrik.de/europaische_liebeslyrik/ausonius_bissula.htm ''Liebesgedichte an Bissula''], nsụgharị German nke M. W. Besser, 1908 * Friedrich Marx: Ausonius 3. Na: Paulys Realencyclopädie der classischen Altertumswissenschaft (RE). Ìgwè nke Abụọ,2, Stuttgart 1896, Sp. 2562-2580, n'oge gara aga Sp. 2564 na Sp. 2571. * Felix Dahn: Gesammelte Werke. Erste Serie, Band 3. Berlin 1884. 93ffqk7wb7yqvriutbfutifm15sx0x5 0 80743 727490 2026-09-24T03:30:23Z Goodymeraj 16207 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1359166496|Luitgard (Frankish queen)]]" 727490 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Module:Message box/ambox.css"></templatestyles> <templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles>  '''Luitgard''' (amụrụ n'ihe dị ka 776, onye nwụrụ na abalị anọ ọnwa Jun 800) bụ nwumye ikpeazụ nke Charlemagne. Luitgard bụ nwa nwanyị nke Luitfrid nke Abụọ nke Sundgau, onye count nke [[:en:Alamanni|Alamannia]], na Hiltrude nke Wormsgau. Ọ lụrụ Charlemagne na 794, mgbe ọ dị ihe dị ka afọ iri ise. Obere ihe ka a maara banyere ya, ma e wezụga na eze hụrụ n'ime ya nwanyị dị jụụ ma nwee omume ọma; n'ụlọ ikpe, ụmụ ya nwedịrị ekele nye ya. Alcuin na-eto ịhụnanya Luitgarde nwere maka ide akwụkwọ ozi: ọ na-ekwu banyere ya, "Eze nwanyị ahụ na-enwe mmasị iso ndị gụrụ akwụkwọ na ndị mụtara ihe nke ọma ekwurịta okwu; mgbe mmega ahụ ya gasịrị, ọ bụ ihe ntụrụndụ kachasị amasị ya o ji anọ ọnọdụ ụbọchị. Ọ jupụtara n'ịdị ala nye eze, onye na-asọpụrụ Chineke, onye na-enweghị ụta na onye kwesịrị ịhụnanya niile nke di dị otú ahụ.Ọ na-esokwa Charlemagne na nnukwu ịchụ nta ọ na-eme kwa afọ. Luitgard yiri ka ọ na-eso na nkesa akụ Avar, mgbe [[:en:Avar_Wars|mwakpo Charlemagne]] wakporo ọchịchị ha gasịrị. Luitgard nwụrụ n'ọrịa a na-amaghị na abalị anọ ọnwa Jun 800 n'ebe obibi ndị mọnk nke Saint-Martin de Tours, n'oge njem ya na Charlemagne mere gaa na Neustria, tupu njem ya gaa Rom ebe, ihe karịrị ọnwa isii ka e mesịrị, e kpuwere ya okpueze ''[[:en:Holy_Roman_Emperor|Imperator Romanorum]]'' ("Emperor of the Romans"). E liri ya n'ebe ahụ, ọ bụ ezie na a maghị ebe ili ya dị kpọmkwem, a kọrọ na ọ dị n'okpuru Ụlọ Elu Charlemagne nke e jikọtara ya na Basilica nke Saint Martin, Tours. Ya na Charlemagne amụtaghị ụmụ, ọ lụghịkwa nwanyị ọzọ. Dị ka akụkọ ihe mere eme nke narị afọ nke iri na isii si na Mahadum Oxford si kwuo, Luitgard nwere nwanne nwanyị, Redburga/Redburh, onye zutere Ecgberht, onye mechara bụrụ [[:en:King_of_Wessex|Eze Wessex]], mgbe Beorhtric nke Wessex na Offa nke Mercia chụpụrụ ya na [[:en:West_Francia|West Francia]]; ha abụọ mechara lụọ onwe ha. == Ihe edeturu == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" /> {{s-start}} {{s-roy}} |- {{s-bef|before=[[Fastrada]]}} {{s-ttl|title=[[List of Frankish queens|Queen of the Franks]]|years={{circa|794}}&ndash;800}} {{s-aft|after=[[Ermengarde of Hesbaye]]}} {{s-end}}{{French consorts}}{{Italian consorts}}{{Authority control}} 1ijldmwyyy4ga9mnnscby1pjglb6hww 727492 727490 2026-09-24T03:31:18Z Goodymeraj 16207 727492 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} <templatestyles src="Module:Message box/ambox.css"></templatestyles> <templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles>  '''Luitgard''' (amụrụ n'ihe dị ka 776, onye nwụrụ na abalị anọ ọnwa Jun 800) bụ nwumye ikpeazụ nke Charlemagne. Luitgard bụ nwa nwanyị nke Luitfrid nke Abụọ nke Sundgau, onye count nke [[:en:Alamanni|Alamannia]], na Hiltrude nke Wormsgau. Ọ lụrụ Charlemagne na 794, mgbe ọ dị ihe dị ka afọ iri ise. Obere ihe ka a maara banyere ya, ma e wezụga na eze hụrụ n'ime ya nwanyị dị jụụ ma nwee omume ọma; n'ụlọ ikpe, ụmụ ya nwedịrị ekele nye ya. Alcuin na-eto ịhụnanya Luitgarde nwere maka ide akwụkwọ ozi: ọ na-ekwu banyere ya, "Eze nwanyị ahụ na-enwe mmasị iso ndị gụrụ akwụkwọ na ndị mụtara ihe nke ọma ekwurịta okwu; mgbe mmega ahụ ya gasịrị, ọ bụ ihe ntụrụndụ kachasị amasị ya o ji anọ ọnọdụ ụbọchị. Ọ jupụtara n'ịdị ala nye eze, onye na-asọpụrụ Chineke, onye na-enweghị ụta na onye kwesịrị ịhụnanya niile nke di dị otú ahụ.Ọ na-esokwa Charlemagne na nnukwu ịchụ nta ọ na-eme kwa afọ. Luitgard yiri ka ọ na-eso na nkesa akụ Avar, mgbe [[:en:Avar_Wars|mwakpo Charlemagne]] wakporo ọchịchị ha gasịrị. Luitgard nwụrụ n'ọrịa a na-amaghị na abalị anọ ọnwa Jun 800 n'ebe obibi ndị mọnk nke Saint-Martin de Tours, n'oge njem ya na Charlemagne mere gaa na Neustria, tupu njem ya gaa Rom ebe, ihe karịrị ọnwa isii ka e mesịrị, e kpuwere ya okpueze ''[[:en:Holy_Roman_Emperor|Imperator Romanorum]]'' ("Emperor of the Romans"). E liri ya n'ebe ahụ, ọ bụ ezie na a maghị ebe ili ya dị kpọmkwem, a kọrọ na ọ dị n'okpuru Ụlọ Elu Charlemagne nke e jikọtara ya na Basilica nke Saint Martin, Tours. Ya na Charlemagne amụtaghị ụmụ, ọ lụghịkwa nwanyị ọzọ. Dị ka akụkọ ihe mere eme nke narị afọ nke iri na isii si na Mahadum Oxford si kwuo, Luitgard nwere nwanne nwanyị, Redburga/Redburh, onye zutere Ecgberht, onye mechara bụrụ [[:en:King_of_Wessex|Eze Wessex]], mgbe Beorhtric nke Wessex na Offa nke Mercia chụpụrụ ya na [[:en:West_Francia|West Francia]]; ha abụọ mechara lụọ onwe ha. == Ihe edeturu == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" /> {{s-start}} {{s-roy}} |- {{s-bef|before=[[Fastrada]]}} {{s-ttl|title=[[List of Frankish queens|Queen of the Franks]]|years={{circa|794}}&ndash;800}} {{s-aft|after=[[Ermengarde of Hesbaye]]}} {{s-end}}{{French consorts}}{{Italian consorts}}{{Authority control}} d9kfh3x7fd6uypt5a8gyot1b6g0mq61 727493 727492 2026-09-24T03:31:41Z Goodymeraj 16207 727493 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} <templatestyles src="Module:Message box/ambox.css"></templatestyles> <templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles>  '''Luitgard''' (amụrụ n'ihe dị ka 776, onye nwụrụ na abalị anọ ọnwa Jun 800) bụ nwunye ikpeazụ nke Charlemagne. Luitgard bụ nwa nwanyị nke Luitfrid nke Abụọ nke Sundgau, onye count nke [[:en:Alamanni|Alamannia]], na Hiltrude nke Wormsgau. Ọ lụrụ Charlemagne na 794, mgbe ọ dị ihe dị ka afọ iri ise. Obere ihe ka a maara banyere ya, ma e wezụga na eze hụrụ n'ime ya nwanyị dị jụụ ma nwee omume ọma; n'ụlọ ikpe, ụmụ ya nwedịrị ekele nye ya. Alcuin na-eto ịhụnanya Luitgarde nwere maka ide akwụkwọ ozi: ọ na-ekwu banyere ya, "Eze nwanyị ahụ na-enwe mmasị iso ndị gụrụ akwụkwọ na ndị mụtara ihe nke ọma ekwurịta okwu; mgbe mmega ahụ ya gasịrị, ọ bụ ihe ntụrụndụ kachasị amasị ya o ji anọ ọnọdụ ụbọchị. Ọ jupụtara n'ịdị ala nye eze, onye na-asọpụrụ Chineke, onye na-enweghị ụta na onye kwesịrị ịhụnanya niile nke di dị otú ahụ.Ọ na-esokwa Charlemagne na nnukwu ịchụ nta ọ na-eme kwa afọ. Luitgard yiri ka ọ na-eso na nkesa akụ Avar, mgbe [[:en:Avar_Wars|mwakpo Charlemagne]] wakporo ọchịchị ha gasịrị. Luitgard nwụrụ n'ọrịa a na-amaghị na abalị anọ ọnwa Jun 800 n'ebe obibi ndị mọnk nke Saint-Martin de Tours, n'oge njem ya na Charlemagne mere gaa na Neustria, tupu njem ya gaa Rom ebe, ihe karịrị ọnwa isii ka e mesịrị, e kpuwere ya okpueze ''[[:en:Holy_Roman_Emperor|Imperator Romanorum]]'' ("Emperor of the Romans"). E liri ya n'ebe ahụ, ọ bụ ezie na a maghị ebe ili ya dị kpọmkwem, a kọrọ na ọ dị n'okpuru Ụlọ Elu Charlemagne nke e jikọtara ya na Basilica nke Saint Martin, Tours. Ya na Charlemagne amụtaghị ụmụ, ọ lụghịkwa nwanyị ọzọ. Dị ka akụkọ ihe mere eme nke narị afọ nke iri na isii si na Mahadum Oxford si kwuo, Luitgard nwere nwanne nwanyị, Redburga/Redburh, onye zutere Ecgberht, onye mechara bụrụ [[:en:King_of_Wessex|Eze Wessex]], mgbe Beorhtric nke Wessex na Offa nke Mercia chụpụrụ ya na [[:en:West_Francia|West Francia]]; ha abụọ mechara lụọ onwe ha. == Ihe edeturu == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" /> {{s-start}} {{s-roy}} |- {{s-bef|before=[[Fastrada]]}} {{s-ttl|title=[[List of Frankish queens|Queen of the Franks]]|years={{circa|794}}&ndash;800}} {{s-aft|after=[[Ermengarde of Hesbaye]]}} {{s-end}}{{French consorts}}{{Italian consorts}}{{Authority control}} ph53x92qg9q2vov7lq4qevv7qqrto5l